Voprosy ėkonomiki: 8/1984 Avgust [Reprint 2022 ed.] 9783112622841

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561.

K. M a p K c H $ . 3 H r e II i c, Coq., T. 46, q. I, CTp. 102.

B. CMEXOB

24

KanHTaJIbHbIM BJIOK6HHHM, HCn0JIb30BaHHK> npHÓblJIH H flpyrHM CTOHMOCTHblM nOKa3aTe^HM H HOpMaTHBaM. B e e 3TH nOKasaTe^H H HOpMaTHBbI KOHTp o j i H p y i o T y x e » e oß-beM h c r p y K T y p y npoH3Bo.ncTBa, a npoH3BoacTBeHHbie 3 a r p a T b i b t o h cjjopMe, b KaKOH o « h BbicrynaiOT b Me>Kxo3aftcrBeHHHx c b h 3HX,— B ÄeHe>KHOH (¡DOpMe. n p H 3T0M COOTHOIIieHHe njiaHOBblX UeH BbinOJTHHeT T3KHe (j)yHKH,HH no pery;iHpOBaHHK> H CTHMyJIHpOBâHHK) 3(¡)(|)eKTHBH0r o X035JHCTB0BaHHH, KOTOpbie TpeßyiOT n o f l q a c BecbMa ÔOJIblHHX OTKJlOHeHHH ueH OT CTOHMOCTeñ. « I i , e H 0 0 6 p a 3 0 B a H H e npH c o u H a j i H 3 M e Ä o n y c n a e T 6ÓJihiHHe, qeM npH KanHTajiH3Me, KOJießaHHH BOKpyr ctohmocth (ecJiH HMeTb B BH,ny He Belo c y M M y ueH, a ueHbi OTAejibHbix T O B a p o B ) » 6 . KaK H3BecTHo, Ba>KHOH 3a_g,aqeñ HBjiaeTCH SbicTpeftmee aocTH^eHHe COOTgeTCTBHH Me>K^y TOBapHOH MaCCOH H ÄOXOAaMH HaCeJieHHH. O.HHOH H3 rjiaBHbix npHMHH o n p e i i e j i e H H o r o HecooTBeTcrBHn Me>K^y hhmh HBJiaeTCH HapyuieHHe HeoòxoAHMbix cooTHomeHHH MeJK^y ähh3mhkoh c p e a H e í i 3 a paÔOTHOH njiaTbl H ÄHHaMHKOH npOH3BOÄHTeJIbHOCTH TpyAa, HTO npHBOAHT K yBejiHqeHHK) pacxo.ua 3 a p a 6 o T H o ñ njiaTbi b p a e n e r e Ha 1 p y ó . TOBapHOH nponyKUHH. K a n n o K a 3 a j i aHajiH3 a o c i a T o q H O penpe3eHTaTHBHbix aaHHbix n o npeanpHHTHHM, BBeaeHHbiM b ÄeflcTBHe n o c j i e 1 9 7 0 r., 3 a p a 6 o T n a a n j i a T a Ha 1 p y 6 . TOBapHOH n p o a y K U H H n o pHAy MHHHCTepcTB 33MeTHO n p e B b i m a Jia npoeKTHbiñ y p o ß e H b 7 . H3BeCTHbI 4D3KTH HeßOCTaTOMHOH cßaJiaHCHpOBaHHOCTH flOXOÄOB H HX MaTepHa.ibHoro oßecneMeHHH b c i j i e p e Me>Kxo3HHCTBeHHbix CBH3eñ. FIopoH, HanpHMep, xopouio paßoTaiomeMy 3aBOAy-nocTaBiuHKy 3aB0A-n0TpeÓHTejib He MO>KeT cBoeBpeMeHHO onjiaTHTb n o j i y n e H H y r o npo^yKiwio, b pe3 y j i b T a T e Hero p h t m BocnpoH3BozicTBa H a p y m a e T C H . K p e ^ H T H H e OTHOiiieHHH crjia>KHBaK)T T a n n e ^acTHHHbie Ä H c n p o n o p u H H , h o ß e c c j i e a H O o h h He n p o xoäht. KaK 0TMeiiaji0Cb b negara, HHor.ua yTBepmflaioTca njiaHbi, b kotopbix 3a^aHHe n o homchkji a T y p e He BnojiHe CTbiKyeTca c o ó t e M O M b p y ö j i a x 3 . BbiBaeT h TaK, hto ycTaHOBJieHHbift ctohmocthoh noKa3aTeJib H e r a r a B HO Cká3bIBaeTCH Ha paUHOHaJIbHOM HCn0JIb30BaHHH np0H3B0/ICTBeHHbIX p e c y p c o B . H a n p H M e p , KOJiJieKTHB ynpaBJieHHH « K A T S K c H a ö a » o c r a c e a ße3 npeMHH, K o r a a , C H a ß w a n CTpoHKH n o n p o r p e c c H B H O M y MeTOj.y HeaejibHOc y T O ^ H o r o ruiaHnpoBaHHH, He Bbinoji'HHji njiaH no n o K a 3 a T e j i i o x o B a i p o o ß o p o Ta. M e » / i y T e M , h t o ô h BbinojiHHTb njiaH T O B a p o o ß o p o T a , ynpaBJieHHe o 6 h 3aH0 6bi.no Bce n o c r y n a i o m H e Ha e r o 6a3bi M a T e p n a j i b i He3aMenjiHTejibH0 nepeaaBaTb cTpoHTejiHM 6e3 y ^ e T a peajibHOH noTpeÔHOCTH b hwx h totobHOCTH oö^beKTa 9 . J I c h o , HTO n 0 K a 3 a T e j i b T O B a p o o è o p o T a 3 Ä e c b n p o T H B o p e HHT 3K0H0MH0MV HCnOJlb30B3HHIO 3THX MaTepHaJI'OB. B COUHaJIHCTHHeCKQM X03HHCTBe TOBapHO-ÄeHOKHbie OTHOIUeHHH MeÄfly OTfle/tbHHMH 3BeHbHMH OÖOÖmeCTBJieHHOrO X03HHCTB3 CyiUeCTBeHHO OTJIH^aK3TCH OT TOBapHO-,n,eHe>KHbIX OTHOiiieHHH Me*fly oßoÖmeCTBJieHHblM X03HHCTBOM h HaceJieHHeM. IloaTOMy KOHKpeTHue n p o ß j i e M b i cor^iacoBaHHii naTypaJIbHblX H CTOHMOCTHblX npOnOpiI,HH CJieflyeT paCCMO'TpeTb OTfleJIbHO B C(})ep a x B0cnp0H3B0acTBa c p e a c T B np0H3B0ÄCTBa h npeaMCTOB noTpeöjieHHa. n p o ß j t e M H corjiacoBaHHsi H a T y p a j i b H t i x H CTOHMOCTHblX npOnOpUHH BOCnpOH3BOftCTBa Cpe^CTB

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26

B. C M E X O B

T3TbI paÖOTbl ÄOJIJKeH BblHBHTb, B HaCTHOCTH, paUH0H3JIbHbie CnOCOÔbl COrJiacoBaHHH H3Typa;ibHbix h c t o h m o c t h h x n o K a 3 a T e ^ e ñ n j i a H a h e r o BbinojiHeHHH. /lyMaeTCH, ito b o Bcex cJiy^aax äjih A O C T H > K e H H H iioctohhhoh corJiaCOBSHHOCTH HaTypa^bHblX H C T O H M O C T H H X npOnOpUHH BOCnpOH3BOACTB3 cpeACTB n p o H 3 B o a c T B a TpeóyiOTCH o n p e f l e j i e H H b i e pe3epBbi h y M e j i o e hx HCnOJIb30BaHHe. CorjiacoBaHHe HaTypajibHbix h c t o h m o c t h h x nponopuHH 3 a H H M a e T oco6 o e MecTO b B0cnp0H3B0ACTBe o c h o b h h x (})ohäob. 3 T a s a t a n a BKJiioHaeT b c e 6 n h npeoAOJieHHe paccorjiacoBaHHOCTH m r c s H H p y e M O H h (JjaKTHHecKOH c t o h m o c t h c o 3 A a B a e M b i x o c h o b h h x (})ohaob. H e p e A K o c¿io>KHBmaHCH CMeTH 3 H CTOHMOCTb 06"beKT0B CTpOHTejIbCTBa 3 3 M C T H O npeBbllliaeT njiaHOByiO. B H e A a B H O npHHHTOM nocTaHOBjieHHH U K K n C C h CoBeTa Mhhhctpob C C C P « 0 6 yjiyHiueHHH njiaHHpoBaHHH, opraHH33UHH h ynpaBJieHHH K a n n TajibHbiM cTpoHTejibCTBOM» noA^epKHBseTCH He06x0AHM0CTb oôecneneHHii AOCTOBepHOCTH OnpeAeJieHHH CMeTHOH C T O H M O C T H CTpOHTejIbCTBa OÔ-beKTOB h HeH3MeHH0CTH e e b n p o u e c c e np0H3B0ACTBa p a ô o T . B nocTaHOBjieHHH U K K n C C h C o B e T a M h h h c t p o b C C C P « 0 M e p a x n o AaJibHeHiueMy yjiy^meHHio n p o e K T H O - c M e T H o r o Aejia» yKa3biBaeTCH, hto CMeTHan CTOHMOCTb CTpOHTeJlbCTBa npeAnpHHTHH, 3A3HHH, COOpyjKeHHH n o npoeKTHO-CMeTHOH AOKyMeHTaUHH AOJI>KHa COOTBeTCTBOBaTb HAH 6bITb HHJK6 paCHeTHOH CTOHMOCTH, npeAyCMOTpeHHOH B yTB6p>KA6HHbIX B COCTaBe nHTHjieTHHx nJiaHOB n e p e ^ H a x BHOBb Ha^HHaeMbix c T p o e K h nepe^HHX A e f t c T B y i o LU.HX npeAnpHHTHH h coopy>KeHHH, H a M e n a e M b i x k peKOHCTpyKUHH h p a c u i H peHHK), a A p y r n e ocHOBHbie T e x H H K O - S K O H O M H H e c K H e n o K a 3 a T e j i H aojijkhm COOTBeTCTBOBaTb HJIH ÔblTb yJiyMIIieHbl n o CpaBHeHHK) c nOKa33TeAHMH, y T B e p j K A e H H b i M H b 3THX nepeHHHX I 0 . T a K , a H a ^ H 3 A 3 h h h x n o m n p o K O M y K p y r y oöcJieAOBaHHbix n p e A n p H H THH, BBeAeHHbix b A e ñ c T B H e n o c j i e 1970 r., no«a3aJi, hto cfjaKTHHecKan ctoH M O C T b CTpoHTejibCTBa npeBbicHjia n p o e K T H y i o n o npeAnpHHTHHM pHAa otp a c j i e ñ U . n p H 3 T 0 M TeXHHKO-SKOHOMHqeCKHe nOKa3aTeJIH npOH3BOACTBa H a npeAnpHHTHHX OKa3ajiHCb HecKOJibKO xy>Ke, q e M 6hjio n p e A y c M O T p e H O b npoeKTax. B neM >Ke npH^HHa p 3 c x o > k a 6 h h h M e » A y ypoBHHMH n^aHOBOH h tfaKTH^eCKH CJIOiKHBUieHCH CMeTHOH CTOHMOCTH? U3AHIIIHe HCK3Tb npHMHHy B KaKOM-TO 0C060M MeCTe, KOTOpOe 3aHHMaeT BOCnpOH3BOACTBO OCHOBHHX (J)OHAOB: OHO nOAHHHfleTCH TeM >Ke SKOHOMHWeCKHM 33KOHaM COU,Ha^H3Ma, HTO H BOCnpOH3BOACTBO B Ue^TOM. B3aHMOAefiCTBHe 3aKOHa n^aHOMepHOrO pa3BHTHH H 3aK0Ha CTOHMOCTH T p e Ö y e T CTaÔHJTbHOCTH U,eH, yCTaHOBJieHHblX Ha TOT HJIH HHOH nA3H0BbIH nepHOA. H a Ham b3tjiha, b AeHCTByromefi CHCTeMe B3aHM0CBH3eñ n o A p f l A H o r o CTpoHTejibCTBa h O T p a c j i e ñ - s a K a s H H K O B He B c e r A a h m e e T MecTO A O J i ^ H a n 33BHCHMOCTb X03p3CHeTHHX yCAOBHH OT U e H H a n p O A y K U H I O CTpOHTeJlbCTBa. B caMOM A e j i e , Ha c t 3 A h h p a 3 p a 6 o T K H nHTHjieTHerc n j i a H a B03M0>KHbi nonblTKH 33HH3HTb CTOHMOCTb 6yAyiH,eH CTpOHKH H TeM CaMbIM OÔ.ierHHTb e e BKjiioqeHHe b THTyjibHbiH c n n c o K . H a c t s a h h ocymecTBJieHHH c T p o H T e j i b CTB3 b c j i y H 3 e n e p e c M O T p a c m c t h o h c t o h m o c t h b c T o p o H y VBejiHMeHHH 3aK334HK M0>KeT nojiyHHTb A o n o j i H H T e ^ b H b i e cpeACTBa HHorAa 3a cweT yMeHbUieHHH p33MepOB (J)HH3HCHpOB3HHH A p y r H X OÒT^eKTOB A3HHOH OTpaCJIH HJIH >Ke HHbix O T p a c ^ e i i . X o 3 p a c q e T H b i e ycjioBHH (J>ynKUH0HHp0BaHHH A e f t c T B y i o HJ.HX npeAnpHHTHH 3THM HHK3K He 33TparHBai0TCH. CTpOHTeAH B 0 3 M e m a i 0 T c n o j i H a AonojiHHTeAbHbie ( n o cpaBHeHHro c nHTHjieTHHM n j i 3 H 0 M ) p s c x o A H n o cTpoHTeAbCTBy A 3 H H o r o oô-beKTa h n o ^ y q s i O T A o n o j i H H T e j i b H y i o n p n ò b i j i b npOnOpUHOH3JIbHO pOCTy 33Tp3T. npHHUHnnajIbHO B3>KH0 C03A3Tb X03paCHeTHbIH CTHMyA CTaÔHJTbHOCTH UeH Ha CTpOHTeJIbHyiO npOAyKUHIO. C M e T H a n CTOHMOCTb CTpoeK, BKAIOMaeMblX 10 11

C m . «CoßpaHHe nocTaHOBJieHHÍi npaBHTe.nbCTBa C C C P » Cm. «njiaHOBoe x03aHCTB0» JVs 3, 1983 r., ctp. 10.

14, 1981 r., CTp. 378.

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28

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n,naHa H a

1986—1990

IR. H O C H O B H M X

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necKoro H counajibHOro p a 3 B H T H H C C C P H a AAHTejibHyio n e p c n e K T H B y KOMnjieKCHyK) n p o r p a M M y p a 3 B H T H H n p 0 H 3 B 0 A C T B a T O B a p O B H a p o A H o r o noTpeßjieHHH H cHCTeMbi yc;iyr HaceJieHHio, oxBaTbiBaromyio Ba>KHeHiiiHe CTOpOHbl Ä H 3 H H COBeTCKOrO HejiOBeKa. B T e n y m e M njiaHHpoBaHHH corjiacoBaHHe c n p o c a H n p e A J i o ^ e H H H ocymecTBJiaeTCH y>Ke B p a M K a x Tex HaTypajibHbix H CTOHMOCTHUX c o o T H o m e H H H , KOTopbie npeAonpeAejreHbi Ha ^aHHbiñ roa nepcneKTHBHbiM njiaHOM. B ^acTHOCTH, 3TO OTHOCHTCH K OCHOBHbIM 3aflaHHHM no npOH3BOflCTBy T O B a p O B H yc^yr, cooTHOiiieHHio ueH, onjiaTe TpyAa. H o H B AaHHbix p a M K a x HMeioTCH cjioîKHbie npoßjieMbi cor^acoBaHHJi c n p o c a H npejyiojKeHHH, c n e u n ^ H H Hbie AJI» T e K y m e r o njiaHHpoBaHHJi. 3TO npe^K^e Beerò npo6;ieMbi KaiecTBa H ÄeTajibHoro a c c o p T H M e H T a npe/yiaraeMbix HacejieHHio TOBapOB. Heoôxo/iHM O ™ 6 K O p e a r n p o B a T b H a T e K y m n e KOJieöaHHa B CTpyKType cnpoca. ECJIH nepcneKTHBHbiH njiaH, H a n p H M e p , B uiBenHoñ npOMWiiiJieHHOCTH onpe/ieJineT p a 3 M e m e H H e H p a 3 B H T n e MOiUHOCTeß OTpacJiH H cooTBeTCTByiomee oßecneqeHHe ee KBajiH(|)Hii,HpoBaHHbiMH K a ^ p a M H , cbipbeM, SHeprneñ H T. a., TO B r o A O B O M njiaHe H e o ô x o A H M O pernaTb Bonpocbi AOCTHJKeHiiH COOTB6TCTBHH a c c o p T H M e H T a n p o A y K u n n STOH OTpacJiH cnpocy H a M y ^ c K y i o H jKeHcKyio, MojioAe^iHyio H AeTCKyio 0Ae>KAy, yneTa MeHHiomeftcH MOAH H a Hee, onpeAejieHHH npaBHJibHbix nponopuHH nouiHBa OAeJKAbi n o pa3Mep a M H T. A .

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29

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c n p o c Ha JI1060H T O B a p y A O B j i e T B o p n j i c H 6bi n o j i H o c T b i o ? H MOJKHO H H e o ô XOAHMO. H a A O n p e O A O A e T b «HHepUHro MblUIJieHHfl» B STÜH B3>KH0H OÓJiaCTH 3KOHOMHKH. M H HECKOJIBKO CBBIMHCB C HB^eHHeM AeKeM, B M a r a 3 H H 0 6 0 eB H B b i Ó H p a e n i b T e H3 HHX, K O T o p u e T e 6 e n o B K y c y . HyxiHbi paAHKaAbHbie Mepbi n o y j i y n m e H H i o cöajiaHCHpoBaHHOCTH AOXOAOB H UEH e NJIAHHPYEMUM NPEA^OJKEHHEM TOBapOB. B nacTHOCTH, B a Ä 12 13

K. M a p K C H O. 3 H r e JI b c, Coy., T. 46, Q. I, cTp. 117. «Bonpocbl 3K0H0MHKH» JV° 11, 1981 T., CTD. 124.

B. CMEXOB

30

HÖH COCTaBHOH HSCTblO peiUÈHHH ÄaHHOH IIpOÓJieMbl HBJIHeTCH COBepilieHCTBOBaHHe o n j i a T b i T p y ^ a . 3TO HCOÓXOAHMO H AJIH noBbiiiieHHH np0H3B0AHTejibHocTH T p y a a H flJiH c 6 a j i a H C H p o B 3 H H H c n p o c a H npeÄ^iOÄeHHH. O a K T , CBHiieTejIbCTByiOmHH, Ha Hani B3rjIHil, O HeOÖXO^HMOCTH ynopHÄOHeHHH o n j i a T b i T p y ^ a : 3 a n o c j i e ^ H H e 15 jieT AOJIH npeMHH B 3 a p a 6 o T H o ñ m i a T e B 0 3 p 0 C J i a 6 o j i e e neM B 2 p a 3 a u . 3 T O MOXÍCT n o B J i e n b 3 a CO6OH HeycTOHMHBOCTB ö a j i a H c a c n p o c a H NPE,zyio}KEHHH. J I o r H K a n j i a H H p o B a H H H TAKOBA, HTO nepBHqHbiM o c T a e T c a n e p c n e K T H B HblH IUiaH pa3BHTHH npOH3BOACTBa, OpHeHTHpOBaHHblH Ha M3KCHMajIbHO B03MOJKHoe npHÖJiHmeHHe K yAOB^eTBOpeHHK) a ó c o j i i o T H b i x noTpeÔHOCTefi. /I,ox o f l b i îKe, ueHbi H a c c o p T H M e H T n p e A ^ a r a e M b i x T O B a p o B H e o ó x o ^ H M O ruiaHHp o B a T b T a x , m o ô b i n j i a T e > K e c n o c o 6 H b i H c n p o c IIOCTOHHHO c00TBeTCTB0Ba.fi ÄHHAMHKE H c T p y K T y p e npefljiojKeHHH. 14

CM. «ripaB^a», 29/VIII 1983 r.

77.

McTucAaecKuü

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1 CM. B. H. JI e H H H, IlojiHoe coöpaHHe CO^HHBHHÍÍ, T. 36, CTp. 279; « K i l C C B pe30JIKDU.HHX H peuieHHHx cbe3AOB, KOHepeHii,HH H njieHyMOB U K » . H3Ä. 8, T. 2 (1917—1924). H3JiaTejibCTBO ncuiHTHqecKofl JiHTepaTypbi, 1070 r., CTp. 59; «CoôpaHHe y3aKOHeHHii H pacnopH>K6HHH paöoqero H KpeerbHHCKoro npaBHTejibCTsa». HsaaHHe HapojHoro KoMHccapnaTa K3CTHUHH, JMs 67, 11 /XI 1021 r., CTp. 513. 2 CM. « K n C C B pe30JIK)UHHX H pemeHHHX Cbe3ÄOB, KOH(j)ep€HU,HH H njieHyMOB UK». H3J. 8, T. 3 (1924—1927). H3iiaTejibCTBO nojiHTimecKOH jiHTepaTypbi, 1970 r., c r p . 131— 132, 513; «KoHTpcwibHbie u,Hc[)pbi H a p o Ä H o r o xo3HñcTBa Ha 1925/26 roa». M..-JI. H3ÄaTe^b-

CTBO «rijiaHOBOe X03HHCTB0», 1925 r., CTp. 48; «KoHTpOJIbHHe U,H(})pbI HapoÄHoro X03HHCTB3 HA 1927/28 T O Ä » . M. H3ÄATE.ibCTBo «n.naHOBoe x03aflcTB0>, 1928 r., CTp. 53; «naTHjieTHHH n^AH HAPOAHOXO3HÄCTBEHHORO CTPOHTE^BCTBA». H3ÄaTe^BCTB0 «rijiaHOBoe XO3HHCTBO», 1929 r.,

H3Ä. 1, CTp. 94—97 H Äp. 3 «MaTepHaJibi XXVI rbe3aa KnCC». riojiHTH3aaT, 19S1 r., CTp. 139. 4

CM.

«üpapAa»,

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r.

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n. M C T H C J I A B C K H H

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n p 0 H 3 B 0 f l C T B e H H b i x (})OHÄOB. M e a c / i y TEM H . ,/THCH-

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1960 r„ 2

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C M . 5Î. A . CTp. 398.

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B a J K H o O T M e T H T b , m o b K a j K A O H H 3 npeA-noJKeHHbix B u i n e cTpyKTyp c o B O K y n H o r o A e H e j K H o r o o ß o p o T a A B H w e H H e A e H e r b n p o u e c c e peaAH3au,HH T O B a p o B h b n p o u e c c e pacnpeAejieHHH (to ecTfa c o ô c T B e H H o o ö p a m e H H e AeHer HjiH a e H e j K H o e o ô p a m e H H e ) BKJiioqeHo b c o B O K y n H t i H AeHejKHbiñ 060p o T H a p s a y c Ä p y r H M H (})opMaMH a b h j k c h h h A e H e r ( H a n p H M e p , c O Ó O P O T O M (Jjohaob n p e / m p H H T H H hjih c K p e A H T H b i M O Ö O P O T O M ) . OTCiOAa, H a Ham B3TJIHA, n p a B O M e p e H b h b o a , ^ t o A e H e > K H o e o ö p a m e H H e He T O K A e c T B e H H O c o B O K y n H O M y A e H e j K H O M y o ö o p o T y , HBjiaeTCH qacTbio nocJieAHero. B A a H H O H C B H 3 H CJieAyeT O T M e T H T b , MTO M H O r H e 3 K 0 H 0 M H C T b I n O A AeHe>KHbIM 06p a m e H H e M n o H H M a i O T HCKjiiOHHTejibHO o ö p a m e m i e h s j i h h h m x AeHer. B coO T B e T C T B H H C 3 T H M p 3 3 A H H H e M O K A y A e H e X H b I M 06p3IU,eHHeM H C O B O K y n HbiM A e H e m H b i M o ö o p o T O M OTOJKAecTBjiaeTca c pa3JiHHHGM w e j K A y o ö p a m e HHeM HajiHHHbix A e H e r h ABHaceHHeM coBOKynHOCTH Bcex AeHe>KHbix c p e A C T B — H a A H M H w x h 6e3HajiHqHbix. K a n e c T B e H H o e pa3jiHqne M e x A y A B H jKeHHeM A e H e r b o ö p a m e H H H h A B H J K e H H e M A p y r H x AeHe>KHbix (})opM — (})ohAOB, A O X O A O B , K p e A H T a — C B O A H T C H K pa3JIHHHK) M O K A y HajIHHHblMH H 6e3HajIHHHblMH AeHOKHblMH CpeACTB3MH. fl. K p o H p O A n p a B H ^ b H o p a c n p o c T p a H H e T n o H H T H e «AeHejKHoe oöpam e H H e » H a A B H j K e H H e A e H e r b 6e3HajiHHHOH (J)opMe. O a h 3 k o n p n s t o m o h OTOÄAecTBJiaeT A e n e j K H o e o ó p a m e H H e h c o B O K y n H b i ñ A e H e Ä H b i H oôopOT. E a h h u h o ó m e c T B e H H b i H AeHe>KHbiH K p y r o o ô o p o T , n o ero MHeHHio, «HBJiaeTca cneuH(j)HHHOH (})0pM0H AeHe>KHoro oôpameHHa npn counajiH3Me»5. H . K p o H p o A nojiaraeT, hto npoTHBonojio>KHocTb M e > K A y A B H > K e H H e M AeHer h A B H J K e H H e M A e H e ^ i H o r o KanHTajia, H a KOTopyio yKa3biBaji K . M a p K c , o6ycJIOBJieHa HCKJIÍO^HTeJIbHO C T H X H H H O C T b K ) KanHTSJIHCTH^eCKOTO X 0 3 H H C T B 3 , B laCTHOCTH CTHXHHHbIM (J)yHKUHOHHpOB3HHeM ero A e H e i K H O H CHCTeMbI, H n O S T O M y H M e e T 3 H a ^ e H H e TOJIbKO A-Í1H K 3 n H T 3 A H 3 M a . 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Cm. «3jieKTpHM6CKHG CTaHUHH» Ws .11, 1982 r„ cip. 46—48. CM. T. C. X a i a t y p o b, Hoßbie nepcneKTHBu sKOHOMHiecKoro h couwaJibHoro pa3BHTHH C C C P («Bonpocbl 3KOHOMHKH» N° 1, 1981 T., CTp. 11). 5

5. «Bonpocbl 3KOHOMHKH» M 8.

C. HTPOB, M. nHEJIHH. T. KYTOBOH. C. KPALLIEHHHHHKOB

66

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