Voprosy ėkonomiki: 5/1981 May [Reprint 2022 ed.] 9783112623008

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ISSN 0042-1716

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O k o j i o 3U npHpocia p e a j i b H b i x a o x o a o b HacejieHHH Hbrae o f í e c n e H H B a e T c a 3a cneT on¿iaTbi T p y A a . r i p n HaMe'iaeMOM n p H p o c T e np0H3B0AHTejibH0CTH T p y A a b h o b o h naTHjieTKe 3 a p a 6 o T H a H n j r a i a p a é o n H x h cjiy>KaiuHx AOJiKHa B03pacTH b cpeAHeM Ha 13—16%, a aoxoah koaxo3hhkob o t o6mecTBeHHoro xo3HHCTBa — Ha 2 0 — 2 2 % • C p e A H e M e c f l i H a H o n j i a T a T p y A a k o j i x o 3 h h k o b n o oTHoiueHHio k 3apa-60TH0H n ^ a T e paSo^HX h cJiy>KamHX cocTaBHT o k o j i o 3/4 npoTHB 7 0 % b 1 9 7 5 r. h 6 3 % b 1 9 7 0 r. 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21

OCBOeHHH npOH3BOACTBa HOBOH TÊXHHKH Ha SKOHOMHKy npeflnpHHTHH. B 3TOM nanpaBJieHHH y>Ke B e a y r c n Hay^Hbie h n p a K T H 4 e c K n e p a ö o T b i . H a BTopoM 9Tane ocBOeHHa npon3BoacTBa h o b o h t c x h h k h T p e ö y e T c o BepmeHCTBOBaHHfl H CHCT6Ma 3K0H0MHHeCK0r0 CTHMyjIHpOBaHHH e e npOH3BOÄCTBa. B 3TOT nepHOa OCHOBHOH 4>OpMOH SKOHOMH^eCKOTO CTHMyjlHpOBaHHH HBjiHeTcn ueHa Ha HOByK) TexHHKy. H o ueHa e m e HeaocTaTO^HO 33hhTepecoBbiBaeT npeanpuHTHH b cepnñHOM n p o i i 3 B o a c T B e HOBoro H3aeaHH. ü,eJIO B TOM, H TO BTOpOH 3Tan OCBOeHHH — 3T0 öepHOÄ, KOrfla CeÓeCTOHMOCTb h T p y ^ o e M K O c T b e m e , KaK npaBHJio, Bbime, a np0H3B0auTeabH0CTb T p y a a HHHce 3 a n p o e K T n p o B a H H b i x . FlosTOMy npeanpHHTHe HeceT a o n o a H H Te^bHbie H 3 Ä e p Ä K H , KOTOpbie HeH3Öe>KHbI, HO KOTOpbie HaflO e M y B03MeuiaTb. B o a e e T o r o , b cbh3h c o ö i u h m h TpyanocTHMi-i BbinycKa ocbochhoh npoayKUHH ( y x y a i i i e H H e x o 3 p a c H e r H b i x n o K a s a T e a e ñ ) npeanpHHTHe aoa>Kh o HMerb JibroTbi aJiH BunojiHeHiiH njiaHa BbinycKa h o b m x h 3 a g j i h h . H 3 B e c T H o , « i t o onpeaeJieHHbie sKOHOMHqecKHe a b r o T b i , b i s c t h o c t h ycTaHOBjieHi-ie cymecTBeHHOH HaaöaBKH k onTOBoñ ueHe, o ô e c n e M H B a r o m e n b h c o K y i o peHTaôejibHOCTb, a nosTOMy h noBbimeHHbie OT^HcaeHHH o t npHÔbian B (fjOHÄbl SKOHOMHHeCKOrO CTHMyjIHpOBâHHfl, npeflyCMOTpeHbl Ha TOT nepHOÄ, K o r a s h o b s h npoayKUHH aTTCCTOBaHa h noJiy^aeT Bbicmyio K a T e r o p n i o KaqecTBa. C o r a a c H O ycTaHOBaeHHOMy n o p a a n y a r r e c T a u H H BHOBb ocBaHBaeMoñ npoayKUHH ÄOJi>KHa npoBOÄHTbCH ne no3ÄHee ^eM q e p c 3 r o a , a npoayKUHH 0C060H CJIOJKHOCTH — cnycTH ÄBa r o a a c H a n s a s e e c e p u H H o r o npoH3BoacTBa. 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1981—

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2

CM. « C o u H a j i H C T H H e c K H H T p y a » »Ns 3, 1980 r . , CTp. 73.

3. « B o n p o c b i 3K0H0MHKH» MJ 5.

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A. KOTJIHP, M. TAJIAJIAH

34

p a c T , y M e e b i i i H ^ a c b . n p H p o c T HacejieHHH B Tpyaocnoco6HC>,M B03pacTe KpaTHTCíi B 8 0 - e ROAH n o cpsBHeHHio c 70-MH roA3MH c 18 AO 3 , 8 %

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4

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TEKyHECTH

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35

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yBOAbHeHHH paóoTHHKa A0CT3T0MH0 oóocHOBaHbi (H3npnMep, nepeMeH3 jweCTa >KHTeAbCTBa), e r o ó e p y T Ha yneT. Elpn noHBAeHHH cooTBeTc.TByiomeH BaK3HCHH 6iopo HH(J>opMHpyeT o Hefi ,rpa>KA3H h OAHOBpeMeHHO noA6HpaeT 5 TaK, Hcc^e^oBaHHH H H H Tpyfla CBHfleTejibCTByiOT, HTO B nepBbift Mecau paóoTbi Ha HOBOM MeCTe paOoHHH BbinOflHHeT HOpMbI BbipafiOTKH B cpeAHeM Ha 7 0 — 7 5 % , BO BTOpOH — Ha 9 0 % , B TpeTHft — Ha 9 5 — 9 7 % (CM. « H e K 0 T 0 p b i e npofijieMbi TeopHH cxaTHOTHKH H CTaraCTHiecKHX ìiCCJieAOBaHHiì», h. I I . M o c K B a , 1971 r., CTp. 25).,

36

A. KOTJIHP, M. TAJIAJIAH

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NYTH

TEPECBL:

COKPAIHEHHH

TEKYHECTH

NPO^ECCHO'HAJIB.HO-KBA^HCFIHKAUHOHHBLE

37

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r r . B H a c T o a m e e BpeMH KOMnjieKCHbie SKOHOMeTpHMecKHe MOASJIH HMeIOTCH B ÓOJIblIIHHCTBe CTpaH C 3 B . H a OCHOBe OAHOH H3 T3KHX MOAeAeñ B paMKax P A S O ^ E Ñ r p y n n b i n o np0rH03Hp0BaHHK> FIOCTOJJHHOH KOMHCCHH C 3 B n o BHeuiHeH T o p r o B J i e 6HJI p a 3 p 3 6 o T a H n p 0 r H 0 3 P33BHTHH BHeuiHeñ T o p r o B 1980

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12 MaTeiuaTHHecKHe nporpaMMbi pacMeTOB no MeTofly flBoñHoñ nponopuHOHajibHoc™ ;UIH corJiacoBaHHí) nporH03Hbix noKa3aTe^EFT 6bIJIH pa3pa6oTaHbi A. ElpHBajioBbiM ( H H 3 H npn ROCNJTAHE CCCP) H E. neTpoBoft ( U 3 M H AH C C C P ) . 13 J. S u j a n, J. K o 1 e k, M. O 1 e x a, P r o g n o z y vyvoja ekonomiki CSSR («Politicka ekonomie» Ns 8, 1978).

84

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16 E . H . K A N Y C T H H , COUHAJIHCTHQECKUFT H 3 J , A T E . I B C T B O « M B I C J I B » , 1 9 7 6 R., C T P . 1 8 .

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17 CM. NO^PO6NEE: O. E. J L A 6 E U K H H, T . JL. K A M E H K O. H E C 0 C T 0 H T E J I B H 0 C T B 6 Y P > K Y A 3 H O H KOHU.ENU.HH « K O H B E P R E H U H H O 6 P A 3 0 B K H 3 H H » N P « COIJHAJIH3ME H KANNTAJIN3ME ( « H 3 B E C T H H A K A ^ E M H H HAYK C C C P . C E P N A 3 K 0 H 0 M H Q E C K A H » J\FS 2 , 1 9 7 8 R., CTP. 109—119). 18

P.

H.

K A H N,

WORLD

ECONOMIC.

DEVELOPMENT.

1979

AND

BEYOND.

LONDON,

1979,

123.

19 J. B O T K I N, M . E 1 E M A N D J R A, REPORT TO T H E C L U B OF R O M E . OXFORD, . 1 9 7 9 .

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«The A m e r i c a n J o u r n a l of E c o n o m i c s a n d S o c i o l o g y » , J u l y 1978, p. 245.

104

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