Miscellanea archivistica Angelo Mercati 882100449X, 9788821004490

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STUDI E TESTI ---------------------------------------------------- 1 6 5 ----------------------------------------------------

MISCELLANEA ARCHIVISTICA

ANGELO MERCATI

CITTÀ DEL VATICANO BIBLIOTECA APOSTOLICA VATICANA

1952

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STUDI E TESTI 1. Yattasso, H. Antonio Flam inio e le principali poesie dell’ autografo Vat. 2870.1900. pp. 66. 2. Vattasso, Marco. Le due Bibbie d i Bovino ora codici Vaticani latini 10510-10511 e le loro note storiche. 1900. pp. 44. 3. Franchi de’ Cavalieri, Pio. L a Passio ss. Ma­ rian i et la cob i. 1900. pp. 7 1 .1 tav. (face.). 4. Yattasso, Marco. Aneddoti in dialetto romane­ sco del see. xiv. 1901. pp. 114. l tav. 5. Mercati, Giovanni. Note d i letteratura biblica e cristiana antica. 1901. pp. vm , 254. 3 tav. 6. Franchi de’ Cavalieri, Pio. 1 m artiri! d i s. Teodoto e d i s. Ariadne. 1901. pp. 184 [3]. 1 tav. 7. Mercati, Uiovanni. Antiche reliquie liturgiche am brosiane e romane. 1902. pp. 75 [2]. 8. Franchi de’ Cavalieri, Pio. Note agiograiiche. 1902. pp. 36 13]. 9. Franchi de’ Cavalieri, Pio. Nuove note agiogra­ fiche. 1902. pp. 75 13]. 10. Yattasso, Mareo. Per la storia del dramma sa­ cro in Italia. lau3. pp. 1Zi. 11. Mercati, Giovanni. Varia sacra. 1903. p, 112. 12. Mercati, Giovanni. 1. Un framm ento delle Ipotiposi d i Clemente Alessandrino - II. Parali­ pomena Ambrosiana. 1904. pp. [2], 46. 13. Catalogo sommario della Esposizione Gregoriana. 2» ed. riveduta e aumentata. 1904. pp. 74. 14. Yattasso, Marco. D el Petrarca e d i alcuni suoi amici. 1994. pp. 105 [3j. 15. Mercati, Giovanni. Opuscoli inediti del beato card. Giuseppe Tommasi. 1905. pp. 55. 1. tav. 16-17. Yattasso, M. Initia patrum aliorumque scri­ ptorum ecclesiastic, latinorum. 1906. 2 vol. 18. Yattasso, Marco. Frammenti d ’un Livio del V secolo. 1996. pp. 18. 3 tav. 40x35 cm. 19. Franchi de’ Cavalieri, Pio. Hagiographica. 1908. PP. 185 L2J. 20. Yattasso, Marco. I codici Petrarchesehi della Biblioteca Vaticana. 1908. pp. x , 250 [2J. 2 tav. pleg. (facs.). 21. Carnei, Enrico. D ispacci e lettere d i Giacomo Gherardi, Nunzio pontificio a Firenze e Mi­ lano. 1909. pp. OLXXii, 723. 22. Franchi de’ Cavalieri, Pio. Note agiografiche Fascicpiq ?0. 1909. pp. 13], 122. 23. Tissà^tTJjdgtne. Codex Zuqninensis reserip t u f f i ^ t e r i s Testamenti. 1911. pp. [2], L xxxvf”;27ü [2]. 6 tav. (face.). 24. Flmheiii';de’ Cavalieri, Pio. Note agiografiche. Fascicolo 4°. 1912. pp. [4], 194. 25. Patzes, Μ. Μ. Κριτοΰ τον Πατζη Τιπούκβιτοε, sive librorum L X Basilicorum summarium. Libros 1-X1I graece et latine ediderunt Contardus Ferrini f Iohannes Mereati. 1914. pp. XLvii, 203. 1 tav. (faes.). 26. Cerreti, Michele. Documenti e ricerche per ia storia dell’antica Basilica Vaticana. Tiberii Alpharani D e Basilicae Vaticanae antiquis­ sim a et nova structura. 1914, pp. l x i , 222. 7 tav. (2 pieg.). 27. Franchi de’ Cavalieri, Pio. Note agiografiche. F ascicolo 5°. 1915. pp. [3], 135. 28. Yattasso, Marco. B im e inedite d i Torquato Tasso. 1915. pp. 92. 2 tav. (face.). 29. Carusi, Enrico. Lettere inedite d i Gaetano Ma­ rini. I. 1916. pp. 59. 30. Mercati, Giovanni. Se la versione da ll’ebraico del codice Veneto greco V II sia d i Simone Atum ano. 1916, pp. 64, 3. 2 tav. 31. Mercati, Giovanni. N otizie varie d i antica let­ teratura medica e d i bibliografia. 1917. pp. 74.

32. Yattasso, Marco. Hortus caelestium delicia­ rum ... a D. Ioanne Bona. 1918. pp. ov n [2], 158. 3 tav. (ritr., face.). 33. Franchi de’ Cavalieri, Pio. Note agiografiche. Fascicolo 6°. 1920. pp. [2 ], 224. 34. Guidi, Pietro e Pellegrinetti, Ermenegildo. In ­ ventari del Vescovato, della Cattedrale e d i altre chiese di Lucca. F ascicolo 1. 1921. pp. L2], 342. 35. Lanzoni, Francesco. L e origini delle diocesi antiche d ’ Ita lia ; studio critico. 1928. pp. 3, 672. 1 c. geogr. pieg. Prima edizione dell’ opera indicata al numero seguente

35 [bis]. Lanzoni, Francesco. L e diocesi d ’ Italia dalie origini al principio del secolo v u (an. 604) ; studio critico. 1927. pp. x n , 1122. 36. Schiaparelli, Luigi. Il codice 490 d ella B iblio­ teca capitolare di Lucca e la scuola scrittoria lucchese (see. v m -ix ). 1924, pp. [3 ], 115, 8 tav. (face.). 37-42. Miscellanea Francesco Ehrle. Scritti d i sto­ ria e paleografia. 1924. 5 v ol. e 1 album ili., tav. (face.). 43. Lanzoni, Francesco. Genesi, svolgim ento e tra­ m onto delle leggende storich e; studio critico. 192ù. pp. 12], vm , 304. 44. Mercati, Uiovanni. Per la cronologia della vita e degli scritti di Niccolò Perotti arcivescovo di Siponto. 1925. pp. x m , 170, 9. 5 tav. 45. Sussidi per la consultazione dell’ Archivio Vati­ cano. Voi. 1. Schedario Garampi. Registri vaticani. R egistri lateranensi. R ationes Ca­ merae. Inventario del fon do concistoriale. 1926. pp. lx , 222. 8 tav. (facs.). 46. Mercati, Giovanni. Scritti d ’ Isldoro il Cardi­ nale Ruteno e codici a lu i appartenuti ch e si conservano nella Biblioteca apostolica V ati­ cana. 1926. pp. x n , 176, 6, 9. 6 tav. (face.). 47. Schiaparelli, Luigi. Influenze straniere nella scrittura italiana dei secoli v m e i x ; note paleografiche. 1927. pp. 72. 4 tav. (face.). 48- Nogara, Bartolomeo. Scritti inediti e ra ri di Biondo Flavio, con introduzione. 1927. pp. o x cm , 282. 4 tav. (facs.). 49. Franchi de’ Cavalieri, Pio. Note agiografiche. F ascicolo 7°. 1928. pp. [3], 253. 50. Borghezio. Gino e Yattasso, Marco. Giovanni di M°. Pedrino depintore. Cronica del suo tem­ po. Vol. 1 (1411-1436). 1929. pp. v n , 564. 51. Patzes, Μ. Μ. Κριτοΰ τοΰ Πατζη Τιιτούκβιτοε librorum LX Basilicorum summarium. L i­ bros X lli- X X I ll edidit Franeiscus Doelger. 1929. pp. x vili [2], 226. 52. Yattasso, Marco. Statuto d i R occa de’ Baldi dell'anno mcccoxlviii p u bblicato... con in­ dice e glossario d i Pietro Sella. 1930. pp. 55. 53. Norsa, Medea e Vitelli, Girolamo. I l papiro Vaticano greco 11, 1. Φαβωρίνου irep\ tj>vyfjs 2. Registri fondiari della M armarica. 1931. pp. XXIII, 70. 15 tav. in parte pieg. (facs.). 43,5 x 32 cm. 54. Rome, Adolphe. Commentaires d e Pappus et de Théon d’ Alexandrie sur l’A lm agesto; texte établi et annoté... Tom e I. Pappus d’Alexan­ drie, Commentaire sur les livres 5 et 6 de l ’Almageste. 1931. pp. l x x , 314. ili., dis. 55. Sussidi per la consultazione dell’ Archivio Vatica­ no. II. Katterbaeh, B. R eferendarii utriusque Signaturae a M artino V ad Clementem IX et praelati Signaturae supplicationum a Mar­ tino V ad Leonem X III. 1931. pp. lxv , 408. 56. Mercati, Giovanni. Notizie di P rocoro e Deme­ trio Cidone, Manuele Caleca e T eodoro Me-

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IMPRIMATUR: D atum Rom ae, in Civitate Vaticana, die 25 Octobris 1952. t Fr. P etrus Canisius

van

L ie r d e , Ep. Porphyr.

Vie. Gen. Civ. Vat.

EDIZIONE ANASTATICA Anno 1974

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STUD] E TESTI ---------------------- -------------- ------

105--------------------------------------------

MISCELLANEA ARCHIVISTICA

ANGELO MERCATI

CITTÀ DEL VATICANO BIBLIOTECA APOSTOLICA VATICANA

1952

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Questa Miscellanea dì studi archivistici viene dedicata a

M

ons.

A

ngelo

M

ercati

per ricordare il suo X X V di Pre­

fettura nell'Archivio Vaticano e il suo L X X X Compleanno. A l presente omaggio idealmente partecipano quanti nu­ trono verso Viilustre Prefetto sentimenti di ammirazione e di riconoscenza. Sono innumerevoli gli studiosi che si sentono in tal modo a Lui legati, specialmente tra quelli affluiti da ogni paese in un tempo così lungo all'Archivio Vaticano, dove Mons. Mercati li ha sempre assistiti con generosa larghezza, grazie alla sua multiforme erudizione e alla sua profonda conoscenza del mateHale archivistico. Una più vasta collaborazione di questi studiosi alla Mi­ scellanea sarebbe stata sommamente desiderata, ma il loro ingente numero ha costituito un ostacolo di ordine pratico non facilmente sormontabile e quindi si è dovuto limitare Vargomento della raccolta, invitando a collaborarvi solo alcuni Direttori di archivi e cultori di discipline archivisti­ che di diverse nazioni, i quali potessero quasi rappresentare gli altri nel collettivo attestato di stima e di gratitudine. Alcuni tra gli invitati, pur avendo cordialmente aderito, sono stati poi costretti, con loro e nostro rincrescimento, a rinunziare alla collaborazione per motivi indipendenti dalla loro volontà. L'Archivio Vaticano, che ha l'onore di offrire al suo ve­ nerato Prefetto questa Miscellanea, si unisce ai collaboratori

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nella persona, del suo Vice-Prefetto, mentre ringrazia anche pubblicamente la Direzione della Biblioteca Vaticana per aver raccolto gli scritti nella collezione « Studi, e Testi » . A liions. Mercati vada l'augurio fervido ed affettuoso di una ancor lunga, e feconda attività a vantaggio della Chiesa e della scienza. M a r t in o G i u s t i

Viir-Prcfello ·;-·£? ·; : ^ · · ? · · " ^ ’■·

··.’ ·.···;

F. B ock - Annotationes ssu tien Registern Urbans IV.

99

überliefert sind. Nach B a u m g a r t e n s Zettelkatalog findet sich kein Original dieser Briefe in Paris. Auch für die nachsten Briefe mit Ausnahme von 24 babe ich keine zweite Überlieferung gefunden. Nr. 24 betrifft die Metzer Kirche und bat auch bei Berard als einzige Urkunde Urbans voiles Datum. Eine Kollation zeigt wôrtliche Übereinstimmung mit dem Text des Registers (Anbang I I n, 24). W ir haben damit ailes zusammen, vom Arbeitsmaterial bis zur noeh unvollstândigen Urkunde und einer, die vollstândig fertig ist und kônnen min versuchen, daraus vorsicbtig Schlüsse zu ziehen. D ie Sammluhgen Berards enthalten àhnlicbes Material, wie es naeh dem Tode Johanns X X I I . nach den Konzepten in Papierlibri gesammelt w u rd e 97, die dann wiederum auf Pergament abgescbrieben den Namen Sekretregister erhielten 98. Dass Reg. Vat. 29 A in derselben Weise entstanden ist, Uegt nacb diesen Beispielen auf der Hand. Nàheres wird man erst nacb Untersuchung der gesamten Gruppe dieser Handschriften sagen konnen. Mein personlicher W unsch gebt dahin, nach dieser Vorstudie einst das gesamte corpus litterarum secretarum Urbani quarti usque ad tempus Honorii quarti dem Jubilar vorlegen zu konnen.

AN H AN G I Liste der Franziskanerprovinzen aus dem Jahre 1203, Orig. Perga­ ment, Vat. Archiv, einst in Reg. Vat. 26, beute Insti. Mise. 98. Druck G. L evi , A rch ivio della Soc. R o m . I X (1886) 625; l i . Golubovich, A rchivu m F ra ncise, historicum I (1908) 17, beide unvollkommen. Ministro Fratrum Minorum administrationis provincie Romane. Item ministro T u sciea. Item ministro M archiea Anconitane. Item m i­ nistro provincie Januensis. Item ministro Siciliea. Item ministro Cala­ brie a. Item ministro A pu liea. Item ministro S. A n gelia. Item ministro Terre a Laboris. Item ministro Marchie a Trevisane. Item ministro Regni a Francie. Item ministro Burgundiea. Item ministro provincie Mediola­ nensis. Item ministro regni Ungarié. Item ministro Sclauoniea. Item ministro A lam anniea. Item ministro Coloniensis ». Item ministro Saxonie a. Item ministrò provincie Dacie. Item ministro provincie Aragonie. Item ministro Portugaliea. Item ministro regni Boemie. Item ministro8 7

87 Quellen und Forschungen X X X V I I I (1937) 200, 213. 88 I b . 208. a D a v o r d u rcb D u rch streich en g e tilg t provincie. 6 V o n an derer H a n d , w oh l v o n der H a n d 2 der N o te n in R eg . V a t. 27 I.

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Miscellanea Archivistica A ngelo Mercati

100

Austrie a. Item ministro provincie Sirie. Item ministro A n glicaa (!). Item ministro Ibern iea. Item ministro A quitaniea. Item ministro provincie Turonie. Item ministro provincie Castelle. Item ministro S. Prancisci. Item ministro Pennensi. Item ministro Provincie. Auf der Biickseite B(ecipe) C und in R ot ganz links: q

AN HANG II List der aus Reg. Vat. 29Λ besproehenen Urkunden.

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8

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350

G. 2867 Anhang I II Druck

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Vgl. Reg. Vat. 28 f. 97 de cur. 58 dat. 1264 I I I 20. Gu i ­ raud 772 T h e in e r ,

Cod. dipi, dom. temp. 1 158 η. 296 6 San Severino w estl. v o n M acera ta am Flu ss P oten za . 7 T erni.

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M. G. H. Const. II 522 n. 405

Reg. Vat. 26 f. 114v-116v n. 212. dat. 1263 V III 7 G. 350 R o ­ ll ENBERG 560.

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s N a ch K altenbrunner , MIÔG V I I 25 g eh òrt au ch n och n. 11 U rba n IV . Bliss, Papal Letters I (1893) S. 619 ep. 13 ist Urban IV . zu geech rieb en. Ich lasse m ich hier a u f eine U n tersu ch u n g d er Z u g eh orig k eit n ich t ein. 8 B egin n des dritten Q uinterns.

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R eg . V a t. 29A.

f. 27v28v n. 4 4 10

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Miscellanea Archivistica

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AKELAHG III 1. Urban IV . schreibt einein Bischof (wohl Gerardus vOn Fermo) über ihm zu Ohren gekommene tìbie Gertìchte. Beg. Vat. 29 A fol. 5-5v n. 8.

(Anfang Guiraud , Appendice I n. 2814)... et ad debitum adhibendum circa ipsa consilium || partes nostre sollicitudinis proculdubio invita­ R eg . V a t. 29A fo l. 5V rent. Verumtamen, quia, dolosa labia detractorum frequenter satagunt fabricare mendacium et contra personas precipue dignitatis eminentia preminentes vero numquam odio vel livore laxantur, nec aures adhi­ buimus credulas nec animum exhibuimus facilem ad credendum ea que relatorum huiusmodi assertio continebat', sed ad sciencie donum et vir­ tutes, quibus te virtutum dominus insignivit, nostre considerationis aciem convertentes, excusationes, quibus dilectus filius .. clericus et nuntius tuus pro te multipliciter et fideliter institit, libenter audivimus et illis eo promptius paterno more inclinavimus credulitatis assensum, quo ad prelatos singulos et te specialiter pleniorem gerimus caritatis1 4 14 A u ch m it B la tt 133 b e g in n t ein Q uintern.

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affectum. Habet enim dilectio proprium, ut sibi de dilectis bona facilius quam contraria suggerantur. Nichilominus autem expedit, ut premissa, etsi forsan processum habuerint a fermento mendacii, sic tamen te sol­ licitent, sic excitent tue vigilande studium et te faciant vigilanter inherere virtutibus, quod per bonorum evidentiam operum oppilentur ora iniqua loquentium, emulorum detractionibus obvietur. Propter quod prefato magistro, cui super hoc fidem volumus adhiberi, commisimus, ut in predictis intentionem nostram oraculo tibi vive vocis exponat. Ceterum si apostolico provisionis manum aperuimus aliquibus in ecclesia, cum nimie instantie necessitas circa nostre quasi promotionis initium id a nobis extorserit, tua debet sinceritas equanimiter substinere, presertim cum ecclesiam ipsam non gravare, sed relevare potius a gravaminibus intendamus, personam tuam tanquam honorabile membrum universalis ecclesie speciali prosecuturi tuis id exigentibus meritis gratia et favore. In tuis igitur et eiusdem ecclesie negotiis, quotiens oportunum fuerit, te ad nos cum securitate recurrere volumus, petitiones tuas prout res exegerit ad exauditionis gratiam quantum cum deo poterimus admissuri. 2. Urban IV. ermahnt die Stadt Terni, sich durch Versprechungen Man­ freds nicht vom Gehorsam gegen die Kirche abbringen zu lassen. Beg. Yat. 29 A fol. 5v-6 n. 9. Idem .. potestati, consilio et communi Interampnensi. Cum sit amor res timoris plena solliciti, nec affectus aliquis paternum superet, nulla vobis esse debuit turbationis occasio, set cedere potius debuisset ad gau­ dium si, emulis ut creditur lacescentibus15 famam vestram, mentem no­ stram paterna quam ad vos gerimus sollicitavit affectio^ ut, ne in vena­ toris vos contingeret incidere laqueos, paternis vos munitionibus mu­ niremus. Nonnullis etenim asserentibus nuper quod vos fidelitatis debite, qua nobis et ecclesie Eomane tenemini, federe violato, ad Manfredum quondam principem Tarentinum manifestum dei et eiusdem ecclesie inimicum, nuncios et litteras miseratis offerentes eidem militiam suam in vestra civitate recipere ac ipsius parere mandatis. Nos qui devotionem vestram inter ceteros nostros et ipsius fideles ecclesie affectione paterna complectimur, ubi primum aures nostras talis de vobis infamia contigit, ipsas detrahentibus non inclinavimus credulas, set licet eo molestiofol. 6r rem aversionem huiusmodi reputaremus, ii in vobis, quo vos cariores habemus tantoque gravius exinde vos et eandem ecclesiam extimaremus offendi, quanto quevis gravamina molestius inferuntur, a caris tamen increbescentibus postmodum contra vos super predictis et credo talibus apud vos susurriis iteratis exhibuimus vobis manifesta paterne since­ ritatis indicia nostrum erga vos ex hiis non immutantes affectum, set ut vobis consuleretis consultius, ponentes ante vestros oculos causam 15 In margine: lacessentibus.

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vestram et animum nostrum vobis tamquam devotionis filiis fiducialiter exponentes. Sane super hiis excusationes vestras missis ad nos insertas litteris et ministerio vive vocis ambassatorum vestrorum expressas le­ tantes accepimus et ad letitie materiam acceptas habemus. Delectat namque patrem innocentia filiorum, delectabile nobis existit illam quam in vobis sperabamus constantiam invenisse, siquidem supra firmam pe­ tram vestre fidei posito fundamento, firmo proposito prout iidem vestri nuntii et littere promittebant, contemptis si opus esset personarum pe­ riculis rerumque dispendiis non vitatis, ab eiusdem vestre matris ecclesie non declinare uberibus decrevistis. A d quod, sicut eedem continebant littere, recepit vestra devotio quod gratanter audivimus de nostra erga vos benivolentia inductivum. Porro hec matri debentur a filiis, hec pater experiri debet necessitatis tempore in alumpnis. Ceterum de illius auxilio, qui facit magna et inscrutabilia, spe concepta speremus, quod per vestre sollicitudinis studium memorati Manfredi sic conatus reprimentur ad­ versi, quod ipsum non solum propria increpavit adversio, set idem potius in sua perversitate deficiet, dum impium in sua malitia digna dei censura subvertet, universitatem vestram monemur rogamus et hortamur attente mandantes, quatinus constanter debitam et promissam fidelitatis vestre constantiam integram conservantes, in nostra et eiusdem ecclesie devo­ tione indefesso studio et intrepidis animis persistatis, non accomodantes aures vestras fallacibus suggestionibus aliorum, qui vos eiusdem Manfredis salutis vestre ac libertatis emuli libenter addicerent servituri, nec patientes ipsius fraudibus aliquos vestros concives involvi. Sic etenim, excogitatis ad vestrum ceterorumque fidelium statum prosperum variis viis et modis, aderit vobis apostolice sedis presidium, quod auctore do­ mino, sedatis imminentium turbinibus tempestatum, tranquillitatis vobis ipsisque fidelibus serenitas arridebit. 3. Urban IV . dankt dem K ônig der Tartaren Olao fiir seinen Brief, den sein Nuntius Johannes Ungarus überbracht hat. Reg. Vat. 29 A fol. 6 r-6v n. 10. Idem Olaoni, regi Tartarorum illustri, gratiam in presènti, que per­ ducat ad gloriam in futuro. Bxultavit cor nostrum in domino, et in sa­ lutari suo noster animus multa letitia dilatatur, cuius misericordia ut firmiter credimus tue mentis oculos dextera sue pietatis aperuit. Sed, prout accepimus, adeo tibi veri luminis splendor illuxit, quod ad agno­ scendam Christiane fidei veritatem plenis anelas affectibus et puro corde suspiras. Nuper siquidem Johannes Ungarus, tuum in hoc se nuncium asserens, nostro apostolatui reseravit quod tu, ad salutem dirigens vota tua, votive desideras secundum veram catholicam evangelicamque d oc­ trinam, quam S. R. E. fatetur et ... {ivie Guieaud 284 bis).

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GEOFFREY BARRACLOUGH

MINUTES OF PAPAL LETTERS (1316-1317) (w ith 2 plates)

In spite of ithe immense progress achieved since the opening of the Vatican Archives by Pope Leo X I I I in 1881, knowledge of certain categories o f the documentation produced by the papal chancery in the middle ages still remains limited and insufficient; and it has become evident — as in course of time the work of archivist's and historians has created a more exact picture of the contents of the Vatican Archives and permitted a more realistic calculation of what we may expect to find in them 1 — that further knowledge and further evidence must be sought, and will be found, not gathered together in the fonds o f the Vatican, but scattered widely throughout the ar­ chives and libraries of Europe. This applies particularly to the drafts (notae) or minutes of papal letters, the importance of which for the “ genetic ” study of the acts of papal administration — i. e. for our knowledge of the process by which the final engrossment, which issued from the chancery, came into being — needs no emphasis 2. If our knowledge of original pe­ titions earlier in date than the series of registra supplicationum, preserved in the Vatican Archives, i. e. prior to the pontificate of Clement V I (1342-1352), may now be said to be adequate — thanks to discoveries in which Mgr. Angelo Mercati himself has played a part 3 — this is not yet true of original minutes. Here, apart from a few isolated specimens from the twelfth and thirteenth centuries 1 Cf. K . A . F in k , Das Vatikanische Archiv. Einfiihrung in die Bestdnde mid (2n d ed ., 1951), 152-3. 2 On “ g e n e tisch e A k te n k u n d e ” c f. H . 0 . Meisner , Urkunden- und Aktenlehre der Neuzeit (1950), 52 sq q .; ib id ., 65, on th e “ zen trale W ich tig k eit, w elch e

ihre Erforschung

das K o n z e p t im 3 Cf. E . A .

K o m p le x d er ‘ S c h r i f t l e g u n g der ‘ c o n s c r ip t io ’ , b esitzt ” . M oÉ, Suppliques originales adressées à Jean X X II, Clé­ ment VI et Innocent VI, Bibl. de l’école des chartes, X C I I (1931), 256-276; A . M e r ­ c a t i , Documenti dall’Archivio segreto Vaticano, Miscellanea P . Paschini, II (1950), 1-37. I m a y p erh a ps b e p erm itted also t o refer to m y co m m e n ts on fo u r p e titio n s fro m th e p o n tifica te o f p o p e J oh n X X I I ( Instr. Mise. 643, 755, 1151, 1177) in m y v o lu m e Public Notaries and the Papal Curia (1934), 271. van

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preserved in the archives of the beneficiaries (Empfangerarchive) 4, little has come to light earlier in date than the thirteen volumes o f minutes in the Vatican Archives, which date from the pontificates of Innocent V I (1352-1362) and Urban V (1362-1370), the reason being that such preliminary drafts were normally destroyed, or disposed o f as waste paper, once they had served their immediate purpose, since they possessed no lasting legal or administrative value as titles or warrants. Only if they were bought up for re-use b y sta­ tionarii or book-binders, and thus fortuitously preserved, is there any likelihood of their existence to-day; and it is, in fact, to this circumstance that we owe the preservation o f the only tw o sub­ stantial collections hitherto brought to light, the one at Beims and the other (originally at Carpentras) now in the Bibliothèque nationale in Paris 5. These, although no earlier in date than the volumes ex ­ tant in the Vatican archives, are nevertheless of considerable inde­ pendent value; the reason being that, whereas the Vatican collection is composed of drafts of secret letters or letters de curia, which passed through the hands of the papal secretaries and therefore stood apart from the normal routine, the Beims and Paris collections provide specimens of minutes for ordinary letters of grace, and therefore reflect the ordinary procedure of the chancery. The fact remains, however, that the evidence they provide in this connexion is relat­ ively late in date, and that we are still left with a gap of approxim a­ tely half a century between the material from the second half of the fourteenth century preserved in Paris, Beims and the Vatican ar­ chives, and the few surviving minutes of the pre-Avignonese period. In these circumstances considerable importance and interest attaches to the discovery in Cambridge o f a series of drafts for papal letters, which date from the early months of the pontificate o f pope John X X I I . These documents constitute without doubt the most considerable accession of new material of this class since 1907; and it has therefore seemed to me that a brief account of their contents,

4 F o r a su m m a ry o f sou rces a n d litera tu re t o d a te, cf. B b e ssl a u , Handbuck der UrTcundenlehre I I (2 n d e d .), 154-6; A . d e B oü ard , Manuel de diploma­ tique I (1929), 89. T w o fu rth er m in u tes (th e on e tw elfth ce n tu ry , th e othfer fr o m th e p o n tifica te o f N ich ola s I I I ) a re n o te d b y J . R a m a ck er s , Le Moyen Age X L I V (1934), 96-8, a n d G·. B a t t e l l i , Quellen u. Forsck. aus ital. Arckiven u. Bibi. X X X I I (1942), 33-50. 5 Cf. B e r l iè r e , Revue bénédictine X X I V (1907), 456-78; X X V (1908), 19-47; L ia b a str e s , Annales de la société d’études provençales, I (19 04 ), 168 s q q . A sp ecim en fr o m th e P a ris m a n u scrip t, d a ted 27 O ct. 1359, is re p ro d u c e d in fa csim ile b y d e B oü ard , o p . o it., p i. -IX .

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Minutes of papal letters (1316-1317)

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illustrated by facsimiles, might prove an appropriate and acceptable contribution, of value to scholars generally and perhaps of particular interest to one who has played so outstanding a part as Mgr. Angelo Mercati in furthering knowledge of the records of the mediaeval papacy and o f the work of the papal chancery. The documents in question are preserved in the library of Gonville & Caius College, Cambridge, where they were recovered — another example 6 of the important materials which can be rescued from oblivion by the skilful technique of the trained archivist :— from the binding of MS. 214 7. They comprise 49 numbered items and three scraps of unwritten paper, normally 9 X 13 cm. in size, but there are a number of double pieces (approximately 10 x 30 cm.) as well as numerous smaller slips. All are written on paper, and with one exception (no. 14) each is written — apart from chancery marks added, sub­ sequently — on one side only. A one is complete in itself 8; but in all cases sufficient remains to leave no doubt as to the nature of the documents, and also as to their coherence as one single group ori­ ginating at one time. A detailed description, item b y item, would be out of place; but a register of places and persons, completed where necessary with annotations, is appended 9. The character of the documents is best established from the . attached facsimiles, which leave no doubt that all are drafts or minutes of papal letters. Although the pope himself, John X X I I , is only once specifically mentioned by name (no. 5), they can be dated with unusual accuracy, since ample evidence is available for the careers and functions of the persons and officials named. The provost of Clermont, Guillelmus de Turre, whose name appears three times, Was dead before 22 June 1317, and this date may be taken as an outside limit. But more accurate dating is possible. Three of the officials, mentioned were raised to the cardinalate at the promotion 6 Cf. th e a c c o u n t o f th è recen t d is co v e ry o f m ore th an a hun dred letters, d a tin g fr o m th e m id -th irteen th cen tu ry , fr o m th e bin d in g s o f m a n u scripts in th e lib ra ry o f th e m o n a stery o f K rem sm iin ster, b y W . N e u m ü l l e r a n d K . B o l ­ t e r , Festschrift z. Feier des 2 0 0 ,- jdhrigen Bestandes des Haws-, Hof- u. Staatsarehivs, I (19 49 ), 412-434. 7 On th e m a n u scrip t c f. M . E . J am es , A Descriptive Catalogue of the Manu­ scripts in the Library of Gonville and Caius College, I (1907), 251. - T h e d o c u ­ m en ts w ere b r o u g h t t o m y a tte n tio n b y th e la te Z. N. B r o o k e , w h o requ ested m e t o p rep a re a d escrip tion o f th em ; th eir r e co v e ry is du e t o th e skill o f Mr D. W . O. P a ig e , A ssista n t L ib ra ria n . 8 N os. 7 a n d 16 are e v id e n tly p a rts o f th e sam e d o cu m e n t; oth ers (12, IS a n d 35; 28 a n d 39; 34 a n d 40) are w ritten in th e sam e h a n d w ritin g. 9 B e lo w , p p . 119-127.

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on 17 or 18 December 1316; two others were promoted to bishoprics on 22 December 1316 and 14 March 1317 respectively; and two officials, the Vice-Chancellor himself and Bigaldus de Asserio, left the curia on missions about the middle of 1317. The minutes in which Bertrandus de Monte Faventio, Bertrandus de Pogeto and Guillelmus Meschini are named must all have been written before 22 D e­ cember 1316; but as the Vice-Chancellor, who was prom oted to the title of ss. Marcellino e Pietro on 17 or 18 December 1316, is always referred to as “ cardinalis ” , it is equally clear that the drafts in which his name figures fall between that date and his departure for England in or shortly after March, 1317 101 . Some individual letters may be dated more closely u ; but it will suffice to say that as a whole the documents fall within a period of approximately six months, begin­ ning not earlier (and in fact, as we shall see, later) than the coronation o f pope John X X I I on 5 September 1316. This conclusion is corroborated b y an examination of the contents of the minutes; for in every case where sufficient evidence is avail­ able to permit a judgement to be formed — and these cases are suf­ ficiently numerous to warrant the assumption that the same applies to the remainder — it will be found that they are drafts of letters of provision to benefices drawn up in favour of “ poor clerks ” , i. e. “ isti qui non habent beneficia nec expectaciones ” 12. A ll are drafted in accordance with a uniform basic formula, beginning: “ Constitutus in presentia nostra., pauper clericus., diocesis, nobis humiliter sup­ plicavit, ut, cum ipse, sicut asserit, nullum sit ecclesiasticum benefi­ cium assecutus... ” ; all make specific mention of the examination prescribed for poor clerks supplicating for a benefice13; and all end uniformly with the clause “ decernentes irritum et inane, si secus super hoc a quoquam quavis auctoritate contigerit attemptari ” . This is the established form of the communis forma pauperum, which

10 Cf. W . E . L u n t , Financial Relations of the Papacy with England (1939), 564. - T h e d eta ilèd e v id e n ce fo r th e p re ce d in g sta tem en ts is a ssem bled b elow , p'p. 119-127, a n d n eed n o t b e rep ea ted here. 11 E . g. n o. 14 m u st fa ll b e tw een 22 O ct. 1316 (w hen a c a n o n ry a t B ord e a u x w as con fe rre d on P etru s d e N og a reto) a n d 17-18 D e ce m b e r 1316 (w hen B e r ­ tran d u s de M on te F a v e n tio w as m a d e ca rd in a l). 12 Cf. C. L u x , Die Besetzung der Benefizien in der Breslauer Diôzese dutch die Papste von Avignon (1906), 22. 13 O n th e e x a m in a tion c f. E . G-oller , Repertorium Germanicum, I (1916), 8 3 *-8 5 *, a n d C. T ih o n , Bulletin de l'institut hist, belge de Rome, Y (1925), 51-118; th e o a th o f th e exam in ers a n d th e “ titu li ” (or class-m a rk s) o f th e ca n d id a tes are p rin ted b y M . T ang l , Die p&pstl. Kanzleiordnungen, (1894), 48.

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