Übersetzung - Translation - Traduction: 1. Teilband [Reprint 2017 ed.] 9783110194081, 9783110137088
210 40 12MB
German Pages 1135 [1134] Year 2004
Vorwort
Preface
Préface
Einleitung
Introduction
Introduction
Inhalt / Contents / Table de matières
I. Anthropologische Grundlagen, kulturelle Rahmenbedingungen und Formen der Übersetzung / Anthropological foundations, cultural contexts and forms of translation / Fondements anthropologiques, conditionnement culturel et forms de la traduction
1. Translation as conditio humana
2. Translation, culture and communication
1. Translation: Problems of definition
2. Cultures as semiotic systems and the role of natural languages in them
3. Intra-cultural versus inter-cultural communication and the perception of otherness
4. Translation as a necessary but problematic aspect of inter-cultural communication
5. Relations between cultures in their historical and ideological contexts
6. Selected bibliography
3. The relation between translations and their sources, and the ontological status of translations
1. Introduction
2. Translation as a problem-solving device
3. Translation from the recipient's perspective
4. The dual nature of translations
5. The relation between translations and their source texts
6. Conclusion
7. Selected bibliography
4. Contact situations and barriers to intercultural communication: Orality, nonalphabetic writing systems and translation
1. Ideology, script and 'orality'
2. Interfaces between different scripts
3. Script and unwritten languages
4. Spoken texts
5. Selected bibliography
5. Contact situations and barriers to intercultural communication: Alphybetic writing systems and translation
1. The alphabetic difference
2. Verbum e verbo: The Greek-Latin interplay
3. Beyond antiquity: Learned Latin and new vernaculars
4. Alphanumeric modernity and post-alphabetism
5. Selected bibliography
6. Kontaktsituationen, Verständigungs und Verständnisbarrieren: Buchdruck und Übersetzungskultur
1. Medienwechsel, Einstellungsveränderung, Übersetzung
2. Verlaufsformen
3. Kontinuitäten
4. Umgestaltung in Deutschland
5. Ausweitung auf Europa
6. Kontinuität und Umbruch: 16. bis 20. Jahrhundert
7. Literatur (in Auswahl)
7. Typical translation situations
1. Introduction
2. The cross-cultural movement of texts
3. Polysystem theory and translation situations
4. Textual manipulations
5. The translator's role
6. Translation after colonialism
7. Textual power relations
8. Visibility and translation
9. Selected bibliography
8. Translation as semiotic problem, including intersemiotic translation
1. Semiotic doctrine
2. Translation and semiotic equivalence
3. Roman Jakobson's intersemiosis
4. Translation following Saussure's tradition
5. Semiotranslation
6. Interpretive webs
7. Target-orientedness, difference and similarity
8. Selected bibliography
9. Translation and comparable transfer operations
1. Introduction
2. Typology of text operations
3. Translation and adaption as substitution transformations
4. Forms of 'metonymic' text processing
5. Selected bibliography
II. Die Allgegenwart von Übersetzung in der modernen Welt / The ubiquity of translation in the modern world / La prolifération des traductions dans le monde moderne
10. La traduction dans les sociétés monolingues
1. Introduction
2. Relations internes/externes
3. Interaction (dynamique) plutôt que dépendance (statique)
4. Le dessous des interférences linguistiques
5. Le réductionnisme linguistique, au nom de l'institution
6. Politiques linguistiques, politiques traductives
7. Les stratégies dans les traductions
8. Le camouflage de la législation: "Worüber man nicht spricht"
9. Les nouvelles cohabitations: vers les 'sociétés de communications'
10. Notes
11. Bibliographie sélective
11. The use of translation in international organizations
1. Overview
2. History and types of organization
3. Language policies in IGOs
4. Modes of translator employment
5. Impact on translator training
6. Selected bibliography
III. Übersetzung als Gegenstand der Reflexion und des wissenschaftlichen Diskurses / Translation as an object of reflection and scholary discourse / La traduction comme object de réflexion et comme object du discours savant
12. Translation as an object of research
1. Background
2. Modern research
3. The demarcation problem
4. The contemporary situation
5. Selected bibliography
13. Systematische Übersetzungsdefinitionen
1. Einleitung
2. Nichtwissenschaftliche Reflexion über das Übersetzen
3. Wissenschaftliche Reflexionen über das Übersetzen
4. Typologien formaler Definitionen des Übersetzens
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
14. Metaphor and image in the discourse on translation
1. Metaphor and the historical discourse on translation in the West
2. Antiquity and Middle Ages
3. Renaissance and since
4. Figurative language and the modern study of translation
5. Selected bibliography
15. Sprachphilosophie und Übersetzung
1. Der Begriff 'Sprachphilosophie' und Übersetzung
2. Antike
3. Sprachtheorien des Rationalismus und Empirismus
4. Herder und die romantische Sprachphilosophie
5. Das Zwanzigste Jahrhundert
6. Literatur (in Auswahl)
16. Kulturanthropologie und Übersetzung
1. Einführung
2. Ethnolinguistik, Feldforschungsparadigma und Übersetzung
3. Kultur als Text
4. Übersetzung und Repräsentation
5. Postkoloniale Anthropologie und Übersetzung
6. Literatur in Auswahl
17. Translation and cultural studies
1. The cultural turn
2. Translation studies in Europe
3. Translation studies in the Americas
4. Cultural studies
5. Conclusion
6. Selected bibliography
18. Translation as an object of reflection in psychoanalysis
1. Introduction
2. Translation as a metaphor that translates psychoanalysis
3. The unconscious as translator in Lacanian psychoanalysis
4. Psychoanalysis as an exemplary theory of translation
5. The psychoanalysis of translation
6. The translation of psychoanalysis
7. Selected bibliography
19. Translation as an object of reflection in gender studies
1. Gender studies and translation
2. Gender issues in translation practice
3. Gender issues and translation theory
4. Gender studies and translation criticism
5. Gender plurality and translation
6. Selected bibliography
20. Die Übersetzung als Gegenstand der Sprachwissenschaft
1. Einleitung: Linguistik und Übersetzungsforschung
2. Sprachwissenschaftliche Übersetzungsanalyse als Teil der Beschreibung der Übersetzungssituation
3. Deskriptive, präskriptive und didaktische Ausrichtung der sprachwissenschaftlichen Übersetzungsforschung
4. Ausgewählte Problemstellungen der sprachwissenschaftlichen Übersetzungstheorie
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
21. Translation as an object of reflection in modern literary and cultural studies: Hermeneutics to poststructuralism
1. Hermeneutics and translation
2. Hermeneutics and translation studies
3. Poststructuralism and translation
4. Poststructuralism and translation studies
5. Selected bibliography
22. Translation as an object of reflection in modern literary and cultural studies: Historical-descriptive translation research
1. Introduction
2. Background and emergence of the descriptive paradigm
3. Translation and description
4. Equivalence and norms
5. Systems and corpora
6. Diversification and revision
7. Selected bibliography
23. Übersetzung als Gegenstand der neueren Literatur und Kulturwissenschaft: Rezeptionsforschung und Komparatistik
1. Einleitung
2. Die literarische Übersetzung in Vergleichender Literaturwissenschaft und Komparatistik - fachgeschichtliche Überlegungen
3. Parameter der aktuellen Forschung
4. Aktuelle Tendenzen
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
IV. Die Übersetzung aus sprachlicher und textueller Perspektive: Sprachwissenschaftliche Grundlagen / Translation from a linguistic and textual perspective: Linguistic foundations / La traduction dans une perspective linguistique et textuelle: fondements linguistiques
24. Übersetzen als wissensbasierte Tätigkeit
1. Einleitung
2. Wissenspsychologische Grundbegriffe
3. Wissensklassifikation
4. Gedächtnis
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
25. Translation as a topic of linguistics and text science
1. The roots of translation studies in other disciplines
2. The lingui sitics of translation
3. The concern of text science
4. Selected bibliography
26. Possibilities and limitations of linguistic approaches to translation
1. The role of linguistics in translation studies
2. Linguistics contributions to translation
3. Extralinguistic aspects of translation
4. The interdisciplinary status of translation studies
5. Selected bibliography
27. The different branches of descriptive linguistics and translation
1. To what extent can linguistics be useful in translation research
2. Contrastive linguistics and translation research: Common points and differences
3. Contrastive linguistics as an ancillary discipline to translation research
4. Conclusion
5. Selected bibliography
28. Gegenstandsbestimmung, Definitionen und Modelle der Übersetzung aus sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht
1. Einführung
2. Ansätze zu einer Definition des Übersetzens
3. Modelle des Übersetzens
4. Kritische Anmerkungen zu den Modellen
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
29. Übersetzung und andere Formen der Textverarbeitung und Textreproduktion in sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht
1. Einleitung
2. Übersetzung und Textverarbeitung
3. Übersetzung und Textreproduktion
4. Übersetzung und Transkodierung
5. Übersetzung und Interlinearversion
6. Übersetzung und Interpretation
7. Übersetzung und Kommentar
8. Übersetzung und Paraphrase
9. Übersetzung und Übertragung
10. Übersetzung und Korrektur
11. Übersetzung und Adaption
12. Übersetzung und Nachdichtung
13. Übersetzung und Bearbeitung
14. Übersetzung und Medienwechsel
15. Schluss
16. Literatur (in Auswahl)
30. Descriptive and prescriptive approaches in the linguistic study of translation
1. Description vs. prescription in linguistics
2. Linguistics and translation
3. The linguistic study of translation
4. Relations between description and prescription in the study of translation
5. The relative nature of the description vs. prescription dichotomy
6. From description to prescription: Generalisation in the study of translation
7. Normative decisions in the choice of the translated corpus for analysis
8. Translational norms and the description vs. prescription dichotomy
9. Towards laws of translational behaviour
10. Concluding remarks
11. Selected bibliography
V. Begriffe, Bereiche und Methoden der sprachwissenschaftlichen Übersetzungsforschung / Concepts, domains, and methods of linguistic translation studies / Concepts, domaines et méthodes de la recherche linguistique sur la traduction
31. Linguistic models and methods in the study of translation
1. Introduction
2. Translation as a challenge to linguistic theory
3. Linguistic theories within translation studies
4. Recent developments
5. The current scence
6. Selected bibliography
32. Der Übersetzungsprozeß: Probleme der Beschreibung und Erklärung
1. Einführung
2. Untersuchungsdesign
3. Methodologie
4. Eine strategische Analyse des Übersetzungsprozesses
5. Professionelle und nicht-professionelle Übersetzungsprozesse: ein summarischer Vergleich
6. Literatur (in Auswahl)
33. Semantics and translation
1. Translation and meaning
2. Types of linguistic meaning
3. Meaning relationship between the SL and TL
4. Historical approaches to semantics and translation
5. Ontological basis of semantics and translation
6. Epistemology and linguistic meaning in translation
7. Context-free semantics
8. Semantics and pragmatics
9. Translatability
10. Equivalence in meaning
11. Commensurability and translation
12. Cognitive approach, translation and understanding
13. Conclusions
14. Selected bibliography
34. Pragmatics and discourse in translation
1. Pragmatics in translation studies
2. Discourse in translation studies
3. Selected bibliography
35. Paralleltext und Übersetzung in sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht
1. Einleitung
2. Paralleltext: Begriffsbestimmung und Typologie
3. Parallelkorpora und ihre Anwendungsbereiche
4. Forschungsschwerpunkte
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
36. Equivalence in translation
1. Introduction
2. Equivalence in translation practice
3. Equivalence in translation studies
4. Conclusion
5. Selected bibliography
37. Der Begriff der Äquivalenz in der Übersetzungswissenschaft
1. Zwei Begriffe von Äquivalenz
2. Äquivalenz als übersetzungstheoretischer Terminus: fach- oder allgemeinsprachlicher Herkunft?
3. Der Äquivalenzbegriff in der übersetzungswissenschaftlichen Diskussion
4. Äquivalenz in kontrastiver Linguistik und Übersetzungswissenschaft
5. Differenzierung des Äquivalenzbegriffs
6. Literatur (in Auswahl)
38. The problem of the unit of translation: A linguistic perspective
1. Introduction
2. The concept of the unit of translation
3. The unit in the process of translation
4. The unit of translation - a theoretical detail or a real help for translators?
5. Discussion
6. Selected bibliography
39. Übersetzung und sprachliche Mehrdeutigkeit
1. Einleitung
2. Typen sprachlicher Mehrdeutigkeit
3. Parameter der übersetzerischen Entscheidung
4. Mehrdeutigkeit in übersetzungswissenschaftlicher Theorie und übersetzerischer Praxis
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
40. Übersetzbarkeit unter sprachlichen und textuellen Aspekten
1. Zum Begriff 'Übersetzbarkeit'
2. Komponenten der Interpretation von Texten
3. Übersetzbarkeit der Bedeutung und des kommunikativen Sinns von Texten
4. Literatur (in Auswahl)
41. Translatability with reference to different levels of linguistic description
1. Linguistic and philosophic aspects of translatability
2. Translatability on the formal (structural) level
3. Translatability on the semantic level
4. Translatability on the pragmalinguistic level
5. Translatability and translation strategy
6. Selected bibliography
42. Übersetzungsverfahren
1. Vorbemerkungen
2. Begriffsklärung
3. Produkt- und Prozessorientiertheit: statisch/dynamisch
4. Objekt- und Subjektorientiertheit: obligatorisch/fakultativ
5. Wörtlichkeit und Nicht-Wörtlichkeit
6. Übersetzungstypen und -relationen
7. Folgerungen und Ausblick
8. Literatur (in Auswahl)
43. La traduction entre langues étroitement apparentées: Cas particulier de l'espagnol et du portugais
1. La parenté entre les langues romanes
2. Proximité spéciale entre l'espagnol et le portugais
3. Causes de la proximité entre l'espagnol et le portugais
4. Proximité entre langues et traduction
5. Manque de préparation chez beaucoup de traducteurs de textes portugais en espagnol
6. La traduction de textes poétiques portugais en espagnol
44. Translation between distant languages
1. Language distance
2. Linguistic distance and translation difficulty
3. Linguistic distance, cultural distance and polysystem theory
4. Linguistic distance and shifts in translations
5. The practice of translation
6. Language - culture
7. Specific linguistic parameters
8. Selected bibliography
45. Die Übersetzung aus älteren Sprachstufen am Beispiel des Deutschen
1. Einleitung
2. Historischer Überblick
3. Probleme, Ausblicke
4. Literatur (in Auswahl)
VI. Sprachlich-stilistische Problemfelder der sprachwissenschaftlichen Übersetzungsforschung / Problems of language and style in linguistic translation studies / Questions stylistico-linguistiques controversées dans la recherche linguistique sur la traduction
46. Typologie der Übersetzungsschwierigkeiten aus prachwissenschaftlicher Sicht
1. Das Phänomen Übersetzungsschwierigkeit
2. Typologisierung von Übersetzungsschwierigkeiten
3. Zu Nutzen und Brauchbarkeit der Typologie
4. Literatur (in Auswahl)
47. The heterogeneity of individual languages as a translation problem
1. Introduction
2. Field of discourse
3. Tenor of discourse
4. Mode of discourse
5. Languages, texts, models of translation, and norms
6. Selected bibliography
48. Lexical problems of translation
1. Words, lexical information, and reality
2. Typology of lexical meaning
3. False friends
4. Lexicon and terminology
5. Complex lexemes
6. Compound lexemes
7. Word combinations in translation
8. Multiple senses and metaphor
9. Lexical creativity and translation
10. Strategies of translating lexical items
11. Conclusions
12. Selected bibliography
49. Morphosyntaktische Probleme der Übersetzung
1. Einleitung
2. Ausgewählte Problembereiche
3. Zusammenfassung
4. Quellenverzeichnis (mit Abkürzungen)
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
50. Stilistische Probleme der Übersetzung in sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht
1. Zentrale stiltheoretische Ansätze
2. Gegenstand und Analysekategorien der angewandten Stilistik
3. Stil in der Übersetzungswissenschaft
4. Literatur (in Auswahl)
51. Sprach- und Textnormen als Übersetzungsproblem aus sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht
1. Übersetzung als Gegenstand der Sprachwissenschaft
2. Normen des Sprachsystems und ihre Bedeutung für das Übersetzen
3. Entsprechungsbeziehungen und Übersetzungsverfahren
4. Übersetzungsverfahren der Stylistique comparée
5. Übersetzungsparadigmen für syntaktische Strukturen
6. Übersetzungsverfahren für Übersetzerausbildung und Übersetzungspraxis
7. Übersetzung als Gegenstand der Textlinguistik
8. Textnormen und Textsortenkonventionen
9. Texttypologien, Textmuster und Übersetzungsstrategien
10. Literatur (in Auswahl)
52. Culture-specific elements in translation
1. Cultural studies vs. linguistics in translation
2. Universality vs. culture specificity in translation
3. Substantiating the notion of a 'cultural filter'
4. The role of English as a global lingua franca in cultural (non) filtering
5. Selected bibliography
53. Dialektale und soziolektale Elemente als Übersetzungsproblem
1. Einführung und Begriffsbestimmungen
2. Semantische Aspekte der Übersetzung dia-/soziolektaler Elemente
3. Kommunikativ-pragmatische Aspekte der Übersetzung dia-/soziolektaler Elemente
4. Übersetzungsstrategien im Vergleich: zum Umgang mit Dia-/Soziolekt-Elementen in Literatur Übersetzungen
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
54. Gesprochensprachlichkeit als Übersetzungsproblem
1. Einleitung
2. Gesprochensprachlichkeit und ihre Merkmale
3. Das Problem der Verschriftlichung von gesprochener Sprache
4. Zu Form und Funktion der Gesprochensprachlichkeit in der Belletristik
5. Gesprochensprachlichkeit unter dem Aspekt der Übersetzung: Textnormative und konnotative Äquivalenz
6. Fallstudien zur Übersetzung von Gesprochensprachlichkeit
7. Zusammenfassung
8. Literatur (in Auswahl)
55. Metaphor and other tropes as translation problems
1. Introduction
2. Metaphor and other tropes
3. Typology and subcategorisation
4. Metaphor and text type
5. Translatability of metaphors
6. Metaphor translation procedures
7. Conclusion and future directions
8. Selected bibliography
56. Names as a translation problem
1. Introduction
2. Names of real persons
3. Pseudonyms
4. Names of fictional persons
5. Place names and other geographical features
6. Names of organizations and institutions
7. Names of singular objects
8. Conclusion
9. Selected bibliography
57. Fachsprachen und Übersetzung
1. Fachsprachen als linguistisches Phänomen
2. Translation von Fachtexten
3. Literatur (in Auswahl)
58. Interferenz in der Übersetzung
1. Begriff
2. Interferenz im Text
3. Textuelle Interferenz
4. Kulturelle Intereferenz
5. Übersetzungskritik und Interferenzforschung
6. Literatur (in Auswahl)
59. Modalpartikeln als Übersetzungsproblem
1. Forschungsüberblick
2. Modalpartikeln und Übersetzen
3. Zusammenfassung
4. Literatur (in Auswahl)
60. Interjections as a translation problem
1. Preliminaries: problem areas and state of research
2. Definitions and taxonomies
3. Functions of interjections in literary texts
4. Interjections in translation
5. Translation strategies
6. Case studies: interjections as coherent poetic means in source and target texts
7. Selected Bibliography
61. Connectives as a translation problem
1. Introduction
2. Traditional approaches to connectives
3. Research to date
4. Translation problems and research questions
5. Conclusion
6. Selected bibliography
62. Die Übersetzung von Titeln und Überschriften aus sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht
1. Phänomenologie des Titels
2. Forschungslage
3. Ein pragmatisch-funktionaler Ansatz
4. Sprachenpaarbezogene Probleme der Titelübersetzung
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
63. Phraseologismen als Übersetzungsproblem
1. Forschungsüberblick
2. Kontrastive Phraseologie und Übersetzung
3. Übersetzungsanalyse
4. Spezifische Probleme (Übersetzung mit Untertiteln)
5. Schlussbemerkung
6. Zitierte Quellen
7. Literatur (in Auswahl)
64. Allusions and quotations as translation problems
1. Defining allusions
2. Defining quotations
3. Translating allusions
4. Translating quotations
5. Selected bibliography
65. Theme-rheme organization (TRO) and translation
1. Theoretical differentiation
2. The textual dimension of translation-relevant TRO
3. Translation decisions affecting TRO aspects
4. Summary
5. Selected bibliography
66. Wordplay as a translation problem
1. Preliminaries
2. Forms and meanings in language and wordplay
3. LInguistic mechanisms
4. Translation strategies: Possibilities and restrictions
5. Selected bibliography
VII. Textgattungen in der sprachwissenschaftlichen Übersetzungsforschung / Text types in linguistic translation studies / Catégories textuelles dans la recherche linguistique sur la traduction
67. Textwissenschaftliche Grundlagen und übersetzungsrelevante Texttypologie
1. Textwissenschaftliche Grundlagen
2. Übersetzungsrelevante Texttypologien
3. Literatur (in Auswahl)
68. Linguistic aspects of the translation of scientific and technical texts
1. Scientific text
2. Knowledge representation in science and technology
3. Multicultural, multilingual communication
4. Professional communication
5. Translating scientific text
6. Technical text
7. Translating technical text
8. Challenges in scientific/technical translation
9. Computer-enhanced translation
10. Essentials of scientific/technical translation
11. Selected bibliography
69. Die Übersetzung geisteswissenschaftlicher Texte aus sprachwissenschaftlicher Perspektive
1. Begriffsklärung
2. Die Universalitätshypothese
3. Die Hypothese der kultur-spezifischen intellektuellen Stile
4. Der integrative Analysemodus
5. Mikrostrukturen
6. Übersetzungsstrategien
7. Literatur (in Auswahl)
70. Sprachwissenschaftliche Aspekte der Übersetzung sozialwissenschaftlicher Texte
1. Problemaufriss
2. Sozialvissenschaftliche Texte
3. Das Verhältnis von Sprache und Fach bei der Übersetzung
4. Sprachwissenschaftliche Aspekte: Fachlexik und Textsortenkonventionen
5. Zusammenfassung
6. Literatur (in Auswahl)
71. Die Übersetzung von Gebrauchstexten aus sprachwissenschaftlicher Perspektive
1. Eingrenzung der Textgattung
2. Sprachliche Charakteristika von Gebrauchstexten
3. Die Übersetzungsproblematik bei Gebrauchstexten
4. Literatur (in Auswahl)
72. Linguistic aspects of the translation of advertisements
1. The advertising genre
2. International and multinational advertising
3. Translation
4. Selected Bibliography
73. Sprachwissenschaftliche Aspekte der Übersetzung literarischer Texte: Erzählprosa und Versdichtung
1. Einleitung
2. Der Begriff des Ästhetischen
3. Übersetzbarkeit
4. Was wird übersetzt?
5. Übersetzung von Kunst
6. Zusammenfassung
7. Literatur (in Auswahl)
74. Sprachwissenschaftliche Aspekte der Theaterübersetzung
1. Einleitende methodische Überlegungen: Der Dramentext als Partitur und Literatur
2. Bühnensprache als gesprochene Sprache
3. Sprache als Handlung
4. Literatur (in Auswahl)
75. Sprachwissenschaftliche Aspekte der Übersetzung von Comics
1. Comics und Comic-Forschung
2. Übersetzungsrelevante Eigenschaften von Comics
3. Übersetzungsprobleme
4. Fallbeispiele
5. Schluss
6. Literatur (in Auswahl)
76. Linguistic aspects of the translation of children's books
1. Introduction
2. Children's literature in translation
3. A linguistic analysis of translations of children's books: Some examples
4. Conclusion
5. Selected bibliography
VIII. Übersetzungsanalyse, Übersetzungsvergleich und Übersetzungskritik in sprachwissenschaftlicher Hinsicht / Translation analysis, translation comparison and translation criticism in linguistic translation studies / Analyse, comparaison et critique de la traduction dans une perspective linguistique
77. Concepts and methods of translation criticism
1. Introduction
2. Translation criticism: A review of different approaches
3. A functional-pragmatic model of translation criticism
4. The limits of translation criticism
5. Selected bibliography
78. Sprachwissenschaftliche Übersetzungsanalysen und Übersetzungsvergleiche am Beispiel von technischen Texten
1. Zu den Analyse-, Vergleichs- und Bewertungskriterien
2. Makrostruktureller Vergleich
3. Vergleich von stereotypen Formulierungen
4. Vergleich von Sprechakten und ihrer sprachlichen Realisierung
5. Vergleich der Sachlichkeit der Darstellung
6. Vergleich metakommunikativer Elemente
7. Vergleiche auf syntaktischer Ebene
8. Literatur (in Auswahl)
79. The English Freud translations: Textlinguistic considerations
1. The Freud translation controversy
2. Textlinguistic categories in evaluating the English Freud translations
3. Reader-orientedness in Freud's texts and their translations
4. The translation criticism reviewed with respect to textlinguistic categories
5. Summary
6. Selected bibliography
80. Traduire le langage du droit: langue, droit et traduction
1. Introduction
2. La langue du droit, langue de spécialité
3. Traduire le droit: la lettre ou l'esprit des lois?
4. La traduction juridique: art et technique de l'équivalence
Bibliographique sélective
IX. Maschinelle und maschinenunterstützte Übersetzung / Machine and machine-aided translation / Traduction automatique et traduction assistée par ordinateur
81. Geschichte der maschinellen und maschinenunterstützten Übersetzung
1. Einführung
2. Chronologie
3. Wissenschaftliche Entwicklung
4. Anwendung und Praxis
5. Fazit
6. Literatur (in Auswahl)
82. Maschinelle Übersetzung – die gegenwärtige Situation
1. Einleitung: Probleme und Lösungen
2. Der Ausgangspunkt und die wichtigsten Entwicklungsimpulse
3. Alte Defizite neu ins Licht gerückt: Lösungsansätze im Maschinellen Dolmetschen
4. MÜ vom Kopf auf die Füße gestellt - benutzungsorientierte Lösungen
5. Fazit
6. Literatur (in Auswahl)
X. Dolmetschwissenschaft / Interpreting and the study of interpreting / L'Interprétation et la recherche sur l'interprétation
83. Issues in research into conference interpreting
1. From early studies to present issues: Views of research into interpreting
2. Which paradigms?
3. The 'professional axis'
4. Language-related issues
5. Cognitive issues
6. Achievements and prospects: A general discussion
7. Selected bibliography
84. The practice and theory of consecutive and simultaneous interpretation
1. Background
2. Interpreting practices
3. The process of interpretation
4. Conclusion
5. Selected bibliography
XI. Übersetzung und Kulturwissenschaften: Grundlagen und Grundfragen / Translation and cultural studies: Foundations and issues / Traduction et cultural studies: approches et concepts fondamentaux
85. Translation research from a literary and cultural perspective
1. Preliminary orientation
3. Transfer: Contacts, networks, and regimes
4. Transformation and the issue of cultural enrichment and impoverishment of a reading culture
5. Reading cultures: External demarcations
6. Reading cultures: Internal structures
7. Identifying the facts of translation
8. Translational transformation: Deviations, norms, and cultural productiveness
9. Findings and their integration: Representative corpora, histories, and contrastive poetics of literary translation
10. Historical translation studies and literary historiography: A transfer-oriented approach
11. Selected bibliography
86. Literary translation as art
1. Introduction
2. The dualistic textual concept of literary art
3. The monistic textual concept of literary art
4. An intertextual concept of literary art
5. Summary conclusions for the art of poetic rendering (Nachdichtung)
6. Selected bibliography
87. Kontexte in der literarischen Übersetzung
1. Problemstellung
2. Definitionen, Forschungslage
3. Kontextbezüge, Kontextfelder
4. Translatorische Verfahren im Umgang mit Kontexten
5. Paradigmatische Fälle und übersetzerische Lösungen
6. Übersetzerischer Umgang mit kontextuellen Bezügen im einzelnen Text, im Oevre
7. Literatur (in Auswahl)
XII. Literaturwissenschaftliche und kulturwissenschaftliche Übersetzungsforschung: Stilphänomene / Literary and cultural translation studies: Style / Questions controversées des recherches littéraires et culturelles sur la traduction: phénomènes stylistiques
88. Literary style in translation: Wordplay
1. Preliminaries
2. Semantic stability and the spotting of puns
3. Wordplays as textual elements (I): Institutional subtypes
4. Wordplays as textual elements (II): Ad hoc textual functions
5. The acceptability of wordplay
6. The source-oriented translator's double bind
7. Multilingual wordplay
8. Selected bibliography
89. Literary style in translation: Humour and irony
1. Introduction: Humour and irony as stylistic phenomena in literature
2. Typology
3. Translation
4. Reception
5. Special problems and desiderata
6. Selected bibliography
90. Literary style in translation: Archaisms and neologisms
1. Aspects of cross-temporal translation
2. Neologisms and/in translation
3. Archaisms and/in translation
4. Discursive aspects
5. Selected bibliography
91. Literarischer Stil in der Übersetzung: Epochenstile und Personalstile
1. Grundlagen und Eingrenzung
2. Übersetzer Stil im Normengeflecht
3. Methoden der Erfassung und Beschreibung
4. Zwischenergebnisse
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
92. Stil als Übersetzungsproblem: Sprachvarietäten
1. Sprachvarietäten in der Literatur
2. Stilistik und Sprachvarietäten: Grundsätzliche Überlegungen
3. Stil- und Sprachvarietäten in der Übersetzungsforschung
4. Zusammenfassung
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
XIII. Literaturwissenschaftliche und kulturwissenschaftliche Übersetzungsforschung: Makrostrukturen und Mikrostrukturen von Texten / Literary and cultural translation studies: Textual macro-structures and micro-structures / Questions controversées des recherches littéraires et culturelles sur la traduction: macrostructures et microstructures textuelles
93. Die Übersetzung von Titeln, Kapiteln und Überschriften in literarischen Texten
1. Begriffsklärung
2. Forschungslage
3. Wörtliche vs. freie Titelübersetzung
4. Funktionsgerechtigkeit + Loyalität
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
94. Normen und Konventionen der äußeren Textgestalt
1. Einleitung: Die Textgestalt als Spiegel der Übersetzungs-konzeption
2. Titelblatt
3. Vorreden
4. Annotationen
5. Fremdmarkierung im Text
6. Normen im historischen Wandel
7. Literatur (in Auswahl)
95. Übersetzung von Realienbezeichnungen in literatischen Texten
1. Zur relevanz von Realien für die Übersetzungswissenschaft
2. Übersetzungsmöglichkeiten von Realien
3. Schluss
4. Literatur (in Auswahl)
96. Kulturelle Schlüsselbegriffe und Kulturwörter in Übersetzungen fiktionaler und weiterer Textsorten
1. Problemstellung
2. Forschungslage, Definitionen
3. Formen und Funktionen von Schlüsselbegriffen und Kulturwörtern in fiktionalen und halbfiktionalen Texten, in Sachtexten
4. Translatorische Verfahren
5. Paradigmatische Fälle und übersetzerische Lösungen
6. Übersetzerischer Umgang mit Schlüsselbegriffen und Kulturwörtern im Textganzen
7. Literatur (in Auswahl)
97. Anrede und Titulatur in der Übersetzung
1. Problemstellung
2. Forschungslage
3. Das Forschungsfeld: Systematische, historische und kulturspezifische Dimensionen
4. Anrede und Titulaturen als Problemfälle der literarischen Übersetzung
5. Transferstrategien
6. Translatorische Lösungen im paradigmatischen Feld
7. Fallstudien: Translatorische Lösungen im Textzusammenhang
8. Literatur (in Auswahl)
98. Spielarten von Intertextualität in literarischen Übersetzungen
1. Problemstellung
2. Forschungslage
3. Intertextualität als Text-Text-Bezug und als Systemreferenz: Formen, Definitionen, Funktionen
4. Translatorische Verfahren
5. Paradigmatische Fälle und übersetzerische Lösungen
6. Übersetzerischer Umgang mit Spielarten des Zitats und Systemreferenzen im Textganzen
7. Literatur (in Auswahl)
XIV. Literaturwissenschaftliche und kulturwissenschaftliche Übersetzungsforschung: Vers und Prosa / Literary and cultural trabslation studies: Verse and prose / Questions controversées des recherches sur la traduction: le vers et la fiction narrative
99. Versification and stanza formation: Towards a transfer approach
1. Basic distinctions
2. Towards a metrical polysystem
3. The transfer diagram
4. Reproducing the identical schema
5. Transposing a meter from one system into another
6. Substituting a different schema
7. Substituting non-metrical arrangements: printed schemas
8. Substituting non-metrical arrangements: freed verse
9. Substituting non-metrical arrangements: free verse
10. Substituting non-schematic arrangements: prosy verse
11. Substituting prose for verse
12. A contrastive approach to stanza formation
13. Conclusion
14. Selected bibliography
100. Die Übersetzung des Verses im Drama
1. Problemstellung
2. Forschungslage
3. Grundsatzentscheidungen des Übersetzers
4. Einzelprobleme
5. Die Übersetzung von Verssprache in Dramentext und Kontext
6. Literatur (in Auswahl)
101. Erzählweisen in literarischer Prosa und ihre Übersetzung
1. Einführung, Begriffsbestimmungen
2. Diegetisch-narrative Erzählweisen als Übersetzungsproblem Beispiel: Die Landschaftsbeschreibung im Roman
3. Mimetisch-dramatische Erzählweisen als Übersetzungsproblem Beispiel: Die direkte REde als Erzählmedium in Roman
4. Erzählweisen im Grenzbereich von Diegesis und Mimesis als Übersetzungsproblem Beispiel: Freie indirekte Rede (Erlebte Rede / Style indirect libre / Free indirect discourse) im Roman
5. Erkenntniswert der Untersuchungsfelder im Kontext einer historisch-deskriptiven Übersetzungsforschung
6. Literatur (in Auswahl)
XV. Literaturwissenschaftliche und kulturwissenschaftliche Übersetzungsforschung: Probleme der Übersetzung im multimedialen Bereich / Literary and cultural translation studies: Multimedia translation / Questions de traduction dans le monde des multimédia
102. Bühnensprache als Übersetzungsproblem
1. Einleitung
2. Die literaturwissenschaftliche Betrachtung von Bühnenübersetzungen
3. Die übersetzungsorientierte Perspektive
4. Die theatersemiotische und kulturhistorische Perspektive der Bühnenübersetzung
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
103. Übersetzen für das Theater: Dramatische Konventionen und Traditionen
1. Einleitendes
2. Dramatische und theatralische Konventionen
3. Transferbedingungen und -probleme
4. Literatur und Theater: Transferstrategien
5. Literatur (in Auswahl)
104. Übersetzen für das Theater: Redetext und Nebentext
1. Problemstellung
2. Forschungslage, Definitionen
3. Typologisches Inventar des Nebentextes, Verhältnis von Rede- und Nebentext
4. Translatorische Verfahren
5. Paradigmatische Fälle und übersetzerische Lösungen
6. Übersetzerischer Umgang mit Nebentext im Stückganzen
7. Literatur (in Auswahl)
105. Wort und Musik: Liedtexte und Libretti als Übersetzungsphänomen
1. Themenstellung und Gliederung
2. Zur Geschichte sangbarer Übersetzungen
3. Sieben Thesen zur sangbaren Übersetzung
4. Literatur (in Auswahl)
106. Les mots et les images en traduction: sous-titres et doublage
1. Un domaine en émergence
2. Des enjeux divers
3. Modes de transfert
4. Implications
5. Bibliographie sélective
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Übersetzung c1)$1* Translation Traduction HSK 26.1
≥
Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft c1)$1*
Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science Manuels de linguistique et des sciences de communication Mitbegründet von Gerold Ungeheuer (†) Mitherausgegeben 1985"2001 von Hugo Steger
Herausgegeben von / Edited by / Edite´s par Herbert Ernst Wiegand Band 26.1
Walter de Gruyter · Berlin · New York
Übersetzung Translation Traduction c1)$1*
Ein internationales Handbuch zur Übersetzungsforschung An international Encyclopedia of Translation Studies Encyclope´die internationale de la recherche sur la traduction
Herausgegeben von / Edited by / Edite´ par Harald Kittel · Armin Paul Frank · Norbert Greiner Theo Hermans · Werner Koller · Jose´ Lambert Fritz Paul In Verbindung mit / In association with En association avec Juliane House · Brigitte Schultze 1. Teilband / Volume 1 / Tome 1
Walter de Gruyter · Berlin · New York
" Gedruckt auf säurefreiem Papier, das die
US-ANSI-Norm über Haltbarkeit erfüllt.
ISBN 3-11-013708-9 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über #http://dnb.ddb.de$ abrufbar. ” Copyright 2004 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, 10785 Berlin. Dieses Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zustimmung des Verlages unzulässig und strafbar. Das gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen. Printed in Germany Satz und Druck: Tutte Druckerei GmbH, Salzweg Einbandgestaltung und Schutzumschlag: Rudolf Hübler, Berlin
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