The Survivor Volume 4 [4] 1881801098, 9781881801092

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THE SURVIVOR Volume 4

By Kurt Saxon JUST A FEW OF THE [ARTICLESIN VOLUME 4 * McKenzies Recipes, 1065,Ten Thousand (Complete page text) shickens for469Everyone jamemade Fallout Meter find: Driven Generator 2 Beekeeping 2 Miniature illuminating Gas Plant + Home-ttade Lactic Acid Cultured Foods re Welding * Setting Up and Using Band Saw ‘eeping Pigs sing the Drill Press. \mateut Spectroscope 2 Making Small Metal ‘= Castings Gomplete First aid Kit aking High Frequency Coils «+ Ouain& FretcuttingTeslain Wood

Mota tate | = and Westin nampleToolsRedo arming Work Set Bench AitPurpose

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4

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THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4

THE SURVIVOR Volume 4

By Kurt Saxon ‘Copyright 1978 by Kurt Saxon

Pillows Made from Cattail Down Popular Mechanics, 1925 A cheap substitutecan forbe cider down, butnowsatisfactory very expensive, which grow in ‘obtained. Swamps orfromalongcattails, the shores of streams, Takes, or ponds ih almost parts should of the country. ‘The heads of theseall plants bbe gathered in the late summer, wnen and the down re they ‘moved arefrompartlythem ripe, with the hands. Pillows extremely "materialcost arefs practically filled Tight andwith soft.this Their nothing. Emergency Lifting Device of Rope and Lever Popular Mechanics, 1919

When block and tackle, chain hoists, or similaroe equipment theare notsimpleat hand,ar: rangement Blown in the Sketch forToads,liltingis uselul heavy Make lever A of piecethe osuf f? and by. tn notches into asit for the ropes, indented. From 2 suitable sup port, ropes CB, andfix D theto the lever A at the notches! proper permite ting the ensC1 and. Dl to be drawn down and fastened to the floor of as required in raising theotherloadssupport,Fit the rope E to the load W, and suspend itiom he Iver A at he proper ich b10nd, y means ear ofdowsa loop, on the endEl. Taof raise the leverthe ‘when itis in its orignal postion A, Bringing it to the position Az. This will bring Drs the lower the aacropein toropeposition D, to bring the loop to position D-2, and fase ten it. Thet it the lever A As, fom andits position the to A-2, position bring in rope C to lower Eraw up the’to slack The Et position toC-2, position theTope Toopwill up be brought

SURVIVAL THINKING

by Kurt Saxon Dave Font asked for an article on how to think; or how to put together all the confusing issues working up to the crash intoa set of workable ‘ules. Throughout the letter columns many have expressed confusion over how to handle all the conflicting attitudes between survivalists and standing up to the scoffing of non-survivalists. ‘So many have said they had felt alone in their thinking until they read my works or those of other professional survivalists. Others told of the walls they ran up against when they tried to convince friends that civilization was in real trouble. What I'm going to try to do in this editorial is set up a system which will give the survivalist a feeling of rightness in his stand. I'd like ofto ideas establish a kind of belongingness among individuals who are widely seperated. No one likes to fe ! he is alone in his thinking, unless he is a paranoid fantasizing that he's the only one who has the truth. Paranoids in the field just stumble on it. Without survivalism, they would just as likely have fancied themselves in contact with beings from outer space who would take them off the planet at the last minute. But normal survivalists need a set of common sources of identification so they will not think they are paranoid. Also, such an identification would be useful in keeping the survivalist from getting discouraged when people scoff at his preparations, Well, the survivalist is a loner by necessity, now. There are no real groups to join, no armbands to wear, no dues to pay, no demonstrations to participate in, So a survivalist can easily feel very different {rom those around him without being able to focus on an identifiable organization sharing his thoughts and ideals. This can make one lonely, indeed. But there is no need for loneliness. There are more potential survivalists around than you think. In fact, just about everyone with any sense shares your fears, but has not as yet seen a reason for optimism in the face of increasing adversity. This optimism is what sets off the survivalist from the non-survivalist. Let me first explain to you that you are not alone in your anxieties about the future. | will also point out why your scoffing neighbor is even more afraid of the future than you are. I'll describe him in an analogy which will let you know how atraid he is and why he finds a kind of refuge in scoffing at your reparations. Lot's say your neighbor bought a plot of land and built his dream home on it When it was finished he believed his security was assured. Then he went to get itinsured, The insurance agent looked at a geodesic survey map of that area and found the house to have been built on a major earthquake fault. No insurance. No insurance, lest a tremor break a gas main or cause an electrical short and ‘cause a fire. Anything that might happen tothe house, except something like a burglary, could be blamed on a tremor. The agent went on to explain that the area is due for a quake any time. Maybe in.a month, a year, three years at most, since geologists have kept records of periodic quakes in that area.

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may load may. this. processThe theropes. repeatinggradually. rateed beBy course, lengthsand.withinthe Of range Be ofof thevarioussupport the operators Bnamel Streak Aids Night Shooting Popular Mechanics 1925 bothered eaeby raisers aresuetoftenae skunks, Poultry prowler, nocturnal habit thechoicest have poosus,the eterhes which Tas ofthe howse SFfowistabbing shoot alten sedoneto cannot i darkness the fo due them: batA hotgun poor shooting n# Srp ths results tmwellran of whethe that beend found Wins in. wide painted doven

in sighting at night. Catching Large Fish with a Teaspoon Popular Mechanies, 1919 ‘Teaspoons may be made into allurig trolling spoon hooks, of a size suitable for catching large fish, by the ad dition of hooks, as shown in the sketch, Drill Y-in, holes near the end of the ‘spoon handle, the tip of the bowl, and near the handle of the latter. Procure three sets of triple hooks, a ‘smivet

swivel, and a strip of lead, about 1 in, long. Rivet one end of the swivel ‘and the loop of one of the triple hooks into the hole of the handle. Wire the Tower end of this triple hook to the fandie’ and with the same piece, of copper wire secure a second triple hhook at the thin part of the handle Drill a hole through the lead strip and rivet it, together with a third triple hook, into the upper hole of the bowl. the lower end of this hook by bind it with copper wire, through the

hole"This nearhoolethe tiphasbeen of the bow tested in the waters of P a g e t Sound and deadh Tore for rockfod, and other isAsha weigh ing up t0 12 Tb. ‘The famous barracuda and rock bass of the Catalina Tslands have also been to sinkwithto theit. bot-By permitting the lurecaught tom and bringing it up a yard or two with a quick’ jerk, it arte gs a “jig” Bait. also’ struck, be used ih troling. Once toa‘Te'may fish has able escape—

1403 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘So what does your neighbor do? He has sunk all he has in that doomed home. He can't afford a new plot or the price of moving the house to it. He can't sell it since anyone with the price would also have the sense to ask why i wasn't insured. It he were a survivalist, he would sell the house and fixtures to a salvage ‘company or to a party who had another plot of land and the money to afford moving it, either ata terrible loss. Then he would take what little he had, move toa safer place and build a shack. But he is not a survivalist so he rationalizes that a quake will not hit in his lifetime, He develops an ulcer, takes up bedwetting, gets a prescription for valium and says, “This is the best of all possible worlds”. Don't you realize by now that the average person who has given you th horse-laugh has built his house on an earthquake fault? How many of those ‘scoffers have everything they own, thelr lifestyles, their jobs, sunk in this foundering system? They know what's going on. They watch TV the same as you, read the same headlines, pay the same inflated prices for food and everything else. They just lack the guts to get out of the trap, even if, like an animal, they may have to chew a leg off to get free. Can you blame them for looking for pie in the sky, rather than sacrificing all they now hold dear to survive the coming crash? Of course, I've pointed out in previous editorials that the change need not be ‘80 radical. But too many non-survivalists seem to believe that facing the whole picture would be too frightening and find it easier to hope for relief from sources outside themselv Everyone knows that the surplus population, the increasing government and technological incompetence, Moslem fanaticism in the Middle Ea communist crap-stirring worldwide, etc., is bringing world civilization down. They know this, but refuse to admit its application to their own futures. Any ‘uy you meet in a bar, after a few beers, will say the world is going to hell in a handbasket. But the next day, he'll go on whistling in the dark, as usual. The only difference between a non-survivalist and you, is that the non-survivalist lacks the confidence to prepare. He will scoff, rationalize, call you paranoid and then fall to his knees before the TV evangelist and ask Jesus to save him. Barring that, he might join a political extremist group and set out to save the world by bombing a politician's flower box. He might lose himself in drink or drugs. In his anxiety and frustration he might batter his child. He may go into a mom and pop store, shooting the old couple and taking $50.00 from the register. He may turn to mugging. Losing himsel! In degeneracy, he might try to crash the Guiness Book of Records by scoring the most rapes in his area. ‘You'll also find him in a leather club, beating or being beaten. He may sexually ‘abuse children. The fag bars are also filled with people who say you’ full of baloney. These are the self-doomed, the damned and the undisciplined. ‘They know the end Is near for their kind and before they go, they're going to indulge in every primeval, infantile fantasy they've ever entertained. In short, the people of this planet are going mad through anxiety over situations they can't cope with. Oh, you're not alone in your anxieties. Your ‘special kind of aloneness simply manifests itself in facing reality, while those around you are going collectively mad. A bit of Black humor | like is the idea that the only one who keeps his head while al those around him are losing theirs is the one operating the Guillotine. You've got to be In control. You've got to approach everyone worthy within snd tell them they can ride this out. If they can’t handle the situation, you're wasting time best spent on someone else. Instead of making a debate of the issue, show them that you have a plan which helps you to face the same prob{ems inflicting them. Compare your respective situations and show them they ‘are not alone and there are answers. {remember joining the John Birch Society in 1964. They would create chapters made up of eltizens who met in the member's homes regularly. There they

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 LIGHTING A MATCH IN THE WIND Popiilar Mechanics 1919 To light a match in a is very easy if the wood part back wind of the prepared end ig fut’ and. turned up about it be

curle d-up"about shavethe ngsTike frethe crdi easlywlaryandeateh hold a eal ame, blown whereinot way Wen burnethde Compo e tsrker has up-— sition ofth oa Fuel Made from Balls of Paper Pulp Popular Mechanics, 1925 A good fuel can be sade by pulping old Usite”'A'tub, or other large receptacle, filed with the papers and they are. cov ceed water. to TEfloat,there& isfew anystones tendency Sf thewithpapers will hhold them ner water, It is well and the container inthe sun, a8 ist0 ill assise in reducing the material to Dulp.” Thewithpaperwater;shoulafter alwass Covered three beoF kept four days it will be soft enough to form into balls size of both The halls about should thebe squeezed hard fists.” to extract aS much of the water as possible, and the completed then set-aside’ to. dry. When all theballs moisture has evaporate they he almost as wooduse and fan bewill stored away’ as forhardwinter Eggshells as Flowerpots, Popular Mechanics, 1919 A novel method of eating for small plants until they are ready to be set out in the gardenis shown in the phiotograph reproduced. Holes. were bored tn the bottom of the till of an old tranke and eggshells fitted into them, Seeds

were planted inthe shells and the tameslof the varieties were marked on them. “The arrangement is compact, and when the plants are ready” for planting, the shells may be broken and the plants set without the roots—

disturbing

1404 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 would discuss many of the problems which have since grown into major con cers today. They talked over coffee and made it like a cordial little party. approaching The only thing wrong with them was that they blamed all the that every bit troubles on the communists, especially the Russians. It seemed even and woes of international and domestic skullduggery, all economic teenage acne were caused by the Russians. (! still get bulletins from various alert patriots explaining how the Russians are behind the bad weather, even though Moscow is being mobbed by peasants coming in {rom the countryside for meat. Russia's weather has been worse than ours, causing major crop losses, Dumb Russians for ruining the world's weather and thereby starving the own ir people). finally went out of business; at least, | haven't heard of them Birchers The for years. They told what was wrong, and quite well. But they offered no solutions except to write letters of complaint. Also, they blamed the communists for everything and our own system for nothing. Even so, thelr ideas of local chapters where concerned citizens could get together was good. Survivalist chapters might be the answer to the need for community preparation for harder times ahead. If you would like to start a survival chapter in your area, I'll give you a tew pointers on how to get started. First, put a classified ad in your local newspaper, Such ads cost very littl. Put It in the “Personals” column and keep it running until you have the group you need. You might word it like this; Survival Seminar. If you are worried about inflation, government bungling, job security, the decline of the world’s systems, etc., call — When people call up to enquire you can tell them it's just a non-political get-together to discuss individual and group preparation to make it through the worsening conditions facing the community. The discussions will deal with saving money on foods, starting home businesses, storing commodities soon tobe in short supply, ete. Wf they seem interested, tell them your address and the evening of the meeting; Fridays are best. Ifa caller begins to argue and tell you everything is. fine, you're talking to a boob who is so locked into the system he can't consid~ er an alternative. He called because he's afrald and hoped you were some sort of phoney who would reinforce his hopes that his fears were unfounded. He's, too far gone. Tell him politely that he must have had something else in mind ‘and wouldn't enjoy the group and then hang up. ‘The ones who have the guts to act will be receptive. They are the ones you ‘can count on for a good discussion. They may not accept all your ideas, nor you theirs. But such discussions will consolidate the worries your visitors have in common, Then you and they will leam to think concerning those survival issues confronting those In your arec ‘You wouldn't need to begin your first meeting with the rougher aspects of survival. You could emphasize the logic of learning alternative trades, dozens of which are in the four volumes of THE SURVIVOR. Not one of the visitors could reject them all You might also emphasize buying In volume or even creating a food cooperative. The way this works is for everyone to list what they regularly buy. ‘Then you could arrange for a visit to your nearest food wholesaler. Upon getting the wholesale prices for all the week's order, you could collect each ‘member's share for what he will take. That way, the group would get all thelr food at wholesale rates. There are thousands of such community food cooperatives around the country and that's the best way to start a survival group. ‘You could also broach the idea of buying commodities by the case or the ‘gross to resell or barter later. About three years ago, Johnny Carson jokingly predicted a shortage in toilet paper. There was nothing to it but a lot of people took him seriously. ‘One old lady panicked and bought 1000 cases of toilet paper. It finally

THE

SURV

Tropical Desert Plant

Heals Radium Burns

Popular Science Monthly, March 1838

BURNS caused by radium and by X rays are being successfully treated with aloe vera, a tropical desert plant shown In the photograph reproduced above. ‘The thick fleshy leaf of the plant contains a gelatinous inner surface which {s applied to the burned portion of the skin. Requests for the plant have been ‘made at botanical gardens In various cities for use in treatment.

1405 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 the cases stored ‘dawned on her that there was no shortage. However, she had them back to the in an outbuilding. A few months ago she decided to sell wholesaler. She got back over twice what she originally paid. ‘This system would work with anything and Is far more sensible than putting money into a savings account. A member might buy 100 cases of 50 book cartons of matches. Another might buy several gross of packets of sewing needles and spools of threads. Razor blades, safety pins, office supplies such as ball point pens, pencils, erasers, etc., would be relatively cheap by the {gross and would rise in value over the months ahead. ‘You can get such commodities wholesale from jobbers listed in your phone book or even from your local stores. The store owner would be glad to knock ‘off 10% on cases of canned goods and such. And if you use the product regularly , you ean be sure the price will have risen by the time you had used half the case. ‘The above money saving ideas would Immediately interest a general survival ‘group and make them more receptive to your ideas on the harsher aspects. To get them to accept the harder stuff, you could sell survival books to the ‘members. For instance, you can buy 30 of my books in any selection for half price. You could resell them to group members and make a profit or just ‘enough over to pay for refreshments. You could work the same arrangement with other survival book publishers and your members would assemble fine survival libraries and think more your way as the weeks went by. Ina short time, you'd have a gung-ho survival group, the kind of which so manyof you have been wanting, Not only will you havea fine survival group, but in helping others to think survival, you'd be getting your own thinking squared away. You and your group would then be the most stable force in the ‘community when the crash finally comes,

he

Built of Old Gas Tanks Grasshopper Catcher Popular Science Monthly, June 1998

TWENTY-THREE bushels of grasseee was added to act as an exterminator, hoppers were gathered from a ten-a grass‘The early morning, when theof the of alfalfa by S. Bell, ot Manhattan, hoppers field top the enjoying were Kans, with this so-celled "hopper dozer, falfa, was chosen as the time to movealwhich was constructed for §2.60. He sat only saved the alfalfa, but also an of corn, adjoining field of 400had acres started an in: where the hoppers attached to a pas‘Since it may be the autotruck, light r o ear senger ground more much covers “dozer” type than the conventional skimmer drawn by horses or miles (see “War on Grasshoppers Halts. Insect Invasion," PSM, Dee. "31, p. 60), Four discarded gasoline tanks were ought at an auto junk yard for twenty-five cents each, The tops were cut ‘open and bent back, and the tanks were then nailed to a frame consistIng of a 20-ft. length of 2 by 6-in. plank. four 2 by Gin, uprights. The upDer part of the frame was covered with Scrap galvanized iron sheets 26 in. high at the center, where wire netexcept ting was used to give the car engine ‘The completed “dozer” was hung fon the car bimper by means of two hooks. Before use, each tank was balt ‘led with water, and quart of oll Tho completed "dover" is about 20 ft, long

inst the pests, They were struck and line of tanks Knocked down into theon the water sufloating ail the where focated them.)

ond

hong on the car's bumper with

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 =

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4

1406

tho intro i wel ”Bo cat rubbed fom withthie mou, plumbago, the. to and when in. fied together, are metal Ilves Yerted the in poured in. from what gs Making Small Castin onsitutes the. base, prewing thewith‘sur« soft stil while metal the of fe board ao a8 to obtain level sur in Metal fmooth fon‘Tis igre could alo be cast hollow by the prooeen deveribed Inte (ee P- 378) 3 ‘THE AMATEUR MECHANIC “cite perdu,” underovttng being then no ‘England, 1920 articles, use- panels resemble old silverware. In makg, ‘Objects ofthis description are improved ‘Tamas are numberiess small are easily Ing the clay mode, avoid underouttin by filing the orovies with a mistare of which al, fal and omament at home. Panels for fut make al th incised linge V-ehaped, Inimpblack and bile ol, and then potiahmetal in est euily. hfe to cart the enable to as fo tokens, medals, old of copies fing all the prominent, partsmodelling with metal feabinets, Keephole’ plates, knobs, fect,af « “drawerPolish ; this brings the into handles, ete, can be made of a trifling rong rei, purely’ outlay,” For’ small objects

rh ele, Fact Par 2s S i e a h a ran is the Bear, chted areal Omanental nature,beingtypeeasy metal run Bee melt, to most eonvenient, cadde oe Salted reenur Chetan

3 to Plates.—Figs. Casting the Keyhole 6 show possibilities of what can be dono in keyhole plates, Figs. 4 and 6 being the end views of the respective castings. ‘The models for these may be done in clay, wax, oF plasticine, avoiding all under cutting and Keeping the engraved lines open. ‘The Key-way should be cut ot 2 emi th ikon of he cig ‘modelled at an anglo (as shown by the fhe done with alittle day. tlanting lines in the side section) 80 as ‘The cleanest method of casting is to to lift out easily.

exactly of thinwhichmaterial boxpanel, a wood rake 7.doneto 10in s and forms snowHandle latter the of zo thethe bottom of the box, the Ti closing s of Feet—¥i example wat cantgt. be doors the drawers of andcoune, addedof handles , for rings fin about only. leave. to. ax ro flown’ being the abinete space between it andthe mould, whic, ter tho casting is done, and holes for Of course, determines the thickness of th through part of therate drilled n reoeptio their ing. When placed onholeend,in pout dens, and are are 13 to tho end Torse“ feet for stands and cabinets Shout be done frome cay theor cardboard @ amallto guide box, ted the Deng offlnnel object of showing of fhegiven largesolelyTangewith ofthe posabli stream tes of this the comers inforthe pinboles few end otal, ing Interest art escape UFof theair, box2. wil be euiint Casting in Waste Moulds.—A waste

Fig. 1.—Onk Casket with Metal Panels ning well, and reproducing every detail of the mould, as, unlike most other metals, it in the process of cooling, due to expands the admixtare of antimony it. contains, Simple designs with no undercutting may moulds, care be readily cast from plaster angles of the the that sce to taken being destroyed that must be casting ‘ould is © g mould ‘model are sloping enough to allow of the of The cast, the releasin in lifting easly. In foundry par~ Casting a Figure.—fig. 2 isarya seo: fasting mous mach of means y b objects tora lance, view of the mould necess for ning metal of obtaiand simple method Sittiernthe model” i known as the tional the figure of the sphinx, in which the ise insects, plants, fruit, of replicas urface glass or al io timate oatany ‘model is placed on r& flat-s up until it es tile, and the ’ plaste yheaped Fig, ed1 illustrat a Panel.— Casting mide Figs. 14 and 15 the object with oak covers exactly halfwa (see the vertical fanjownear byof wheat, unpolish of sides a caskety 0 taken, is care if and is confined to ends, beirelict ‘area’ Tine). The plaster Hash, with,the panes andin ight oll ed. fnroament ‘be may detail, every in by packing up the other side wit copy, perfect east in type-metal or any of the first side of the mould tauily fasible the of figure the clay, and after the fromon typethe metal, fist Any model that can cut to a clean lifting be bint may alloys. this set it is taken,off, ‘holes ofd frst also Deing . d i l Sphinx bo used bored to make ‘Take « cardboard box lange enough to be modelle face, and a few can “All thew fetal, then fof the mould, hold the object when embedded in plasplaterside in other e made h t with mould key it aGating nde fom Inlay, s ‘After this i done the half is well oiled, ter, as shown atA (Fig. 14). The model od Fit the second is supported on the tapering’ wood peg 2, and. model, with the on contrast . n i replaced efit e h t i the as illustrated. as rich, edge its very to being built-up ‘ak half the" pl through the bottom of the

Fas Fuas Figs. 3 10 6—Keyhole Plater

Pus

‘which is thrust box, the pog, when ‘withdravn byafterwhichthe plaster is set, forming the gato step is to The metal is run in, ‘The first box the of bottom the the model well ® through10 support Terpush ‘ough away from the sides, and to the top of this peg. the object to be cast may bo acl by pot of glue op wax. isof @« spering ‘picoe of stecl wire, part

EENung Decl wil do, which alo

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4

through the bottom ofthe box Show the obfet in pontion THs wre ‘ould fotand touch thewithdsuwn lowest partformsof thethe Sbjct, when ‘SerHaving forthegotcosting. the object andin theBig. two1s pegs into Postion ss seen Ete pars fc painted and'n thatwithae a nse theol Bor shouldbe tle thick soap ston, 20 an to enable

which in not.Tou deeptendenough ae.to interfere Yih tho fengi trea, into which the’ molten "metal Poured ;in ‘The mould i s now placed ia an oven be position shownlayertn. ig.mite 16, andand ranon heating t h e wee fivay, 1 leaving between thethecentral walle model andm space tho mould,

being kept in its place by the four tho objects by means of string, and the core Snde wilh tia thes ae. blown out ch more the four side, dh Mond Sass of cally. ‘ig. 17 shows the mould tured upside The “Cire perdu’? Process.—A down in the” postion for ‘pouring, the rocese offor casting much used By the ald Reaisns ther statuary is Known ‘as “Cire. p e r d u . ” ‘wasteof tould isis used, boutonly a thin A shell metal round a central core. The is of clay, iv slightly smallermodel,thanWhi the ed notCoatingworkedejut outonand it ue hte tals we ot vax given to i t of the samo thickens Matrix Seoting. in requined, “This wat a‘yerthe Fig. 18, Taking « Peperoniohé Which maybe produced. by” immersion metalfinding ita way in alongthe {n'a bath of touches molten wax,” OF no. ih”neceenity aa for‘tae’risingsoud reoives all icloned there being chan: the finishing. of the modeler, toch as the fine crease Bon ie p o m fe oe oe and folds in tie i ‘itei) 4-— Mode (Bar of. Fig, 15—Model Burnt eed fin, hairs and the markings ofthe eyes, of S e c t Bt aes ‘tend the wa cot extends quite down See a by PlanerSurrounded" “MiOut co Make Eaatag-miichéFrom makesPapir-mihé Matrix them to bo easily withdrawn from the —Papier good matrix and Dlastr.” A thin plaster i v now made of is well adapted for taking eaats from very 1finepartbrickdust of platerof pariwith, s and water, 2 parts andof fine and shallow engravings where the mixed of metal plat e is very thin. ‘The process this is caeflly poured in antl the mel Ia follows: ‘Tho plate is slightly oiled jshown. s coveredIn upfilling to the inthis shaded. plaster, portion as all over its surface, and a sheot of soft tissue-paper is pasted smoothly toa Shoal bo well worked into the details of F i g . 16,—Model Fig 17 Mod el end ‘thethat mode!"with -camel-huit brash, so Covered "Sonia “Revered sod Poncewith Wax no sir spaces are left and ll the inter. “Canine ttioss are fled, id “should then | bo allowedap to thtrev set. "Whentdhardth themoskdpogsit© to the bottom of the base, a8 shown by fd the thethiebase,line, ‘Dunngthe model gently dred in an oven, and then heated of four‘one strip eol eesheet hallme af {ipUte until the model fre emb i v completly ed on burnt tach oy ash eing blown out through the fh i n g et rofoti ng as to nnnel_»” by iblowing throughreducing'e. the‘AB wih thoSdow of thois mal (ces, inage He Some diftculty s found in TO nd 17. ‘This impor tant ore Object to ashes, it to keep the central core ate fixed dis sak {auce ttion e previous to castingis advisable in strongto solu: trom the dwallsthe ofmodelthe mould. ign"t 119 tdom 2.—Frame for Messe MatingCant of saltpetr, ‘which, after “drys Papienauche acin g coate and given all caunes tt" residue burn amay” freely,ah, leo frethe fnthing toucen to iy the Bonds = ‘onlyTig. alight of white scraptrunk ed freeam wellfrom ‘wax and the tip 18 shows the mould reversed ready ‘ o f the mity of forcat ciatng, « basinshaped cavity bey the tail are connected asby thetwoextre small. wax away a t 3 #9 an to take the fl bands to the base (oce’ p) This alls feta while the” small channel at the metal to feed in at these points, whe Allows, the away theplacetached at etetal owair totheescape, catingandtotwhen comfull itwax.”al ‘Thehelpeentreto drain model i now on2 "hoa rd betwe en four retai ning wally the metal scold, i only remains Cardbeard bor serving this purpose ex: toWaste‘When breakmetal the mould andby to thecut away the felled, and a mixture of bckdust and formed dead. end Plaster made “into thick cream with Atm and th riser at cy when a delicate Water i ruin nunt the moda is covered opy of the model should be the result, After theis eve plaster r atidhan halftet. may th {ge tno poe ou deserted wil be ‘moul d found a-better method than suxpending yreat out with a che, the"Thsbeseope,(ee

sin set on oreAes Sri ae ioeer aar on es

TEE aoe ees andSere eo a pe cs eres Shoe it atl it hte Sy Scas

4

1408 Zine may be used instead of

metal, and although it hay © for pastinom, it fils the mould very

Bidewa hum

oet rates oar vs + but if the heat ises not raised

fharply, and imay be wed for small cast

toe ek opm i'd the man ia ‘Sa d with a layer of charcoal, i wilcat

Paar Satara eae 80ben, fat tae cl cell with hare a Sete we agenos ee ally, ia easlygt the theslate,im at with toe roquring tem om trey of copy ‘led, sharp nt farts, special ee trimmed toandthe thesize embowed is next (Fig. ‘ust also be done wth another mbstancs por 19), Frame

powdered ion is dusied over with ,finely d worke wel be go abould ba which um Pl brush. soft fine, a with details the Fito in side sec"The casting frame is shown where D is thethewallspaceof by nFig. 20, matrix, tio and x the mould, c the As sh in Fig.n 19, ow for the fluid metal. the metal, in g runnin ‘ia the gate for circula g, which openin r find 3 ia & small the serves and escape to air fllows the riser. 8 se of ‘Purpo « Frame ia Plater Fig. 23.—Pioture

Mould.Castingaf toa Frame Sige 28 showin « Plaster metal portrat in» it which ‘deals for ‘Thecasting Tame’ rwith mode, mould, pars of Fustebo worked well oldin Eng then immemeoutd in ballclay,itei depth heldset,in thethe traywurlacoo (Fig.of 23)-the gui plaster Ti‘Alter thisio uthaslevel, well soaped oF oiled, ‘laser in pethe 2” Bact shows per withfrepater. Ente’and filed tion embeded in the mould the iting tnodel the stright indicated by whole, forfocewhiehbeingterete itot aode Tenly romans, after boththe sid ato et,3) ati rar he a itn dt e prosed ofplombag e ualpowdere caving,sell thwith a mould the be followed, aod the model mey, Should

[ot setthein fuefireclay. Theback chimney leadbo ingtiles to at tho must aso Hed withportion th at» ater,is cut. ald avatho rete fangular fhe admission ir. Ateach row of pdfre-bary Bieown aA ofratig on 8 nde ene, wl ih top is covered aSig'Ss howe w i t h Sootherlengthof thof sa12-n, syle made from s 2ft, caston pipe, abso. with s space out away iown at withm2 Both thelpn we furacor mostto iethe tned frbrik cemented wala with,deyfireclay; thin last may be purclised and should be mixed in ‘nish water to a ef paste, which, alter aitady trame l wool ac et ae with al pe cn tet well, to should be allowed to’ stand tunderot must be carefully filled up with ‘eating few days temper, clay oF plasticine x0 aa to lift easily. “Bie fgace thom by Tig. 26 con plumbago en okt and ‘oro. size, ciblos of diferent. 'mand .‘The {nner one has the bottom chipped out itvile placee ciwular taken by hole« smalis cutironin gully grata, ‘ th larger tnetalowe,at to admit air from «pair of |

tl

{hesiderably size of farther. marbles, ‘Thoand coke after should heating beup ‘with the blast, a hole should be made in thothen eentre to accommodate the crucible, dravring the fuel round the sides. 21 is a cross section through a on ‘het is made entirely of five Shay in the which could beshapeeaslyof madechoew-box, st home and from Froelay and some iron he ‘The top has a alantingin hole 4forthe of aboutescape1}-in.of diameter Ybamt gase, end a semicircular” iron handle also the lid; is thatis the entry for the sirfitedblast,to while for fo gaa, the two. being. adjustable. 0 fs to obtain a” proper mixture, which, ‘whencoupleworking of inches effectively, out of theshouldhole emerge 4. Cructbles.—these are of either ley oF at ones and 3 plumbago in Big. of28, thethe shapes tops ofshown the clay being. ually to. admit of cary pouring, while those of plumbage have Somimonlyip, “The cay one re made ‘fe mixture of frelay with cement, burnt ‘lay, ote. and have of absorb{ng moisture, which thelaysdrawbeck them open to the Attacks of free. Thove termed plumbago

ey:

co

t

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4

coke will answer, Dut as this always contains much sulphur, itis adviable to buy furnace coke, which is more expensive, but goes con-

e

ee "fimtags Cros ook from Sreclay mixed with pow. ia metal pelpono ellahold. onto weg ofShould which they All erie beheating annealed’thembefore vse,farace which foris done by in the ‘an hou or ao in an inverted position thas to{6them,cool colthevery moet owlunfal‘hpe Of tongs fori tng ithat shown ato (Figthe28),crucible; where the hisendsmethod of the tongs enccle of‘ne Hiting ia ofsaferthe side. than taking hold of portion Moulding Sand and Flask.—For the moulds, sand the best material, a2porous, it while cheap,itforme infosble, adhesive, and retains any fore ‘given {ot very andlo yetgueit in to so.open init "Sand hrssharply, nf containing ‘ime ‘or onpe mage nes to be of any of use,loamwitsis foricedfineis ‘withtooorkdense ® proportion the sand?mast butnot inbethis80 lator ‘ce the ramming tight tsSoaps for sand’ alone, oF the gies cannot work from8 nll a, tho estForprocured a brassfounder;

ii

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1409 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘but it should sand is now flat and smooth as repre- tween metal and nd, while the peas ipod ightbey wellTaloresiftedprosiogbefore use,fats andthe ented bythe line

thin surface {snow well sprinkled b, ‘wthand parting sand, Which allows the top packing to. leave it readily when lifted. "the frame'» is now placedin onthe ¢fourby means of the pegs fd olen racks, and de Sprinkling a lite fresh sand’ over the Model As te top frame i s ramoned known a8 a" flask,” the usual shape of tp ith sand ntl level, Tewellshould now which is shown by Big. 29. ‘The flask ‘eas sown, the model « firmly embedded See aera ak However, in the middleeuilyof well-packed sand,reasonwhich,of Fe a yg rice separates by tear ee he pe ltheifted parting sand lower, when ‘The the topupperframeframeis from the Eagle neAit eae hae now a moulding board pied on it, Sm us at and gently rapped with a mallet to ender eed the model eaay to lift.modelTheted up er straght remo ee ater gia eas 2s lifted off the Sits Sete Matafe futthe 20two a8 cavities, not to disturb the annd, hd AotW representing the) me Bi gay Sel With.halves peemea, of the mode, dusted ighty, fst tac os aeofl and then with finely Powdered. charcoal, oes es to Channels are and.ow theext see, from theand cavity the ingato after ‘that the mould is full. 1: gently owing away tho surplus char Moulding and Pouring in Brass font, the tro. fames are Put topetier agai tt, Foc, Bate at sown fod’ the: backbourds bolted together, a0 caning Oe fits 31, The meta 1s nowlran ieee ia etebioney in untilin iBig.overs through the riser, 1 good head of metal being kept in the oatalecone Panga vedatee dffeign so toes al eee theis used mould forbeingpreventing properyfhefiled.metal fomChar. bere oe foal Sh eee a th castings. buming the sand, and so forming rough re ela and ts neu” te tan te giving off Tegeseeacts whichby. burning, form's layer bor

fee Net sendthe mat be theaol medel, for mees tng again io of thebeta leno tis or aeburntwarptindund butchertoid tn of ‘Sd ey be wd for fling up the rt of tem "The mm sand is held in a box

zeal’ helps the charcoal to. adliere to tho. mould's which otherwise ‘would have litlesides,atinity ‘Parting sand for brass. for.moulding rade from preventing finely powdered frebrick dust, ita nature surfaces of sand in the upper end tholowerbvo frames ‘oherings for ‘very fine work, loamfromis the sand, while’ the’ ramming 1s‘idenot soto hard soa to allow the gust ‘scape, 32 shows seriesVarious ‘of smallModels modcls—Fig, halt embedded in the lower half of the flask ; these have Aeir cavities connected to a central Channel ‘naya0 betha lage numberof cast together, each bei connected shen cold to the runner. igs. by’33,34,thi andmetal35 bon show the model for a drawer handle, which ay be cut out of thin, and polished to lift easily. "Fig.hard 34 wood, is a seo‘ion showing the bevel and the bosees 4 ing’the handle (Fig. 85). This handle

be hory, otthe om sheet metal of cast sparsel bose being dled to"reolv e the end of the hn, which B®Todels dprangutable in, Big, 90. and. 8 chowof {0 the enrichme nt Small cabinetsof eo,‘otkingwhile Figs 38 is an ian capable out in wood or Plaster frame,or thebrongefinal eat Thcbe malepituteinforbrave Ingfates beingotforarunner to require brass tochmoltenlargermetalthn forfor feeding ion atne henotheedbe atg ta. nor the rir al oe and castmakingprecautions, e many_ iAng Making ofto bisseBrass.—Th require the Habilty ofof ; the and sinethecontained {nthe alloy to bum custom Jthsn to copper mele thein nino in a crucible and add small portions at time, easly "slid "alloy is preduced. dwith be 5hSint broken ropoportionsandof reele oper p ne. A oe mount of old brass facltaign the mix. ture of the coppe and rtine.“ mutable proportions weight of are: copper,41 parts of Sia"parts brass, 89°by ports and. 3b of zine, "Te old bra i fist ine Eroduced melted down, then half the Zine in smalland pieces with withlayer« StInyercoal ofdust,oil thendust, halfcovered the copper ty the re tmninder of the zineTollowed and copper with foal dust fn v batween and on the aria, ‘The i nowand,heated forskimming: about threethe to fourwholehours, after Srface, is ready for casting. Maki Pewter, Gunmetal, and Pewter, which lead, an alloymeltsof 4 Pinchbeek.— pacts of tn with T'partof rntch more easily thanand either ofbo the’ two metal separately, ‘may. cast. Gunmetal consists of 90} t parts of copper parts thanof tin. Te i hander Stna"noreto 8}tonite copper, and on

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differenceto inmix;the butspecificthe account ofit theie dificult igravitie mel he nih Sioa tied is of copper, then remelt weight its twice wrth the proper amount of copper with ‘Constant "stirrings. Pinchbeck i com. pore of 3 parts of copper to L-pare of Zin and Prince's metal of equal parts of ite two, Aluminium and the heat .of —antimony’ betweenAluminium amelie‘Casting not dows it as and F, 1,200° namely ‘ver, volatilise there is no danger of loss. It,

1410 cibles with lids should be used for this metal, and the sand should notbe rammed very hard, while large ingates and risers ‘are necessary. No flux i required, but when dirty serap metal is used, a little taltpetre should be foreed down to the bottoms of the erucible ‘Useful alloys of aluminium are: Copper I part, nickel 8 parts, and atsminium 96 parts; or for light machine parts, 82 parts of aluminium, 18 parts cf zino, and 3 parts of tin,

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 readily in hot water, which makes them very suitable for taking im from ‘wood or paper matrices. The following mixtures “form readily fusible al oys? Lipowite’s alloy, melting at 150° F., consists of 8 parts'of lead, 4 parte of ‘ti 8 parts of cadmium, and 15 parts

fou8 parts Meal of cement antimony, anata andofI © pata part, bimuths Rose's metal, melting at 174 FofR, incomists of lead, 3 pa and 8 ofpart8 parts of bimuth,

Alloys—Al- casting ‘An easily alloy, suitable however, absorbs gases when raised much loysBismuth from melted wood. engravings, consistefor ean marepect battand andCadmiu of higher than its melting point, and is linble inasmuch a9 their melting points are i far to give spongy castings. Piumbego eru- Iedow thelr’ constituenta’ os

‘POPSY

[A SIMPLY MADE BUT VERY | UFELIKE DUMMY FOR THE AMATEUR VENTRILOQUIST

The ee fromRemchildrengos Tedsfoce isdof shaped

POPULAR SCIENCE

Tune 1938 = By ener = KENNETH a ten em oo at e inaterials eepensive = =\AURRAY without anyHis special name

kill or shop equipment. MONTHLY, comes from POPULAR SCIENCE over one halt object slightly smaller than the of the globe ‘fingers Gmich he was specially designed,wantHe to wags the face part that eo Warm.the may be it used. head, spread take ‘lay, and, if you Tis jew reallatically out into a sheet may be shaped first. If made to wink, fa litte extra trouble, he spi,can orbe even press and thick, in. i ‘about an ear, smoke, takes a Ittle blush! Shiggle that they overe, practic "Fencning him it'sto nottaik nearly separate the to easier be will comit lap, as hard course,beltevebutd, and once you #0learn the trick, of‘monly clay from the globe later on. ‘Take a small lump of clay between Jour will be able to entertain and. astonish hands and with a back-and-forth your friends Jour‘Modeli Movement of the palms form it into a paper and mold, plaster a ng ‘clay, Jong roll Strips of this can be pressed used ls materia the are -méche pepier or pulp n place on the face to the shape of the urScutpt head. the In maxing mouth and eyebrows. Roll another ng clayer modeliconsid theseemHeadto inrequire. Ing chunk between your hands to form may ski, but this is mostly an ‘mall balls, which will serve as the fable foundation for checks and nose, Cut Musion, as you will quicklThey ‘8 small ball of clay in half with a knife trial. Tearn at the first ying ‘and attach each half in place for proclay nondr Inexpensive truding eyes, is n childre of sold for the use ‘The clay should by now have some reduce To actory. needed, a quite satisf feemblance of a face, but it will require clay of t the amoun ‘the addition of other small pleces and light= old an from glass globe or any other smooth considerable smoothing up. Go over , fixture {ng

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘each of the crude features you have made with a finger or thumb, imparting a aliding pressure so that the parts will be nicely blended into the background clay. Tt will be necessary to of clay heresleeveand tothere, place toextra ‘And add bits a cardboard the ‘mouth of the globe in order to shape the neck. If you intend setting movable eyes into the head later, it is advisable to shape only the ‘bare eye sockets, because the eye holes can be ‘cut in the face of the paper head when itis made, If you do not wish to use artificial (crape) hair in finishing the head later, you can secure a hair effect by comb over of @ finefurrows. teeth shallow passing the clay theto leave ‘The back part of the head is quickmanner. If you ly madethis in cana similar ‘wish, be done after you have fished with the globe In making the face, because the mold is cast in two the frontthatand thethe claybackis ofof the parts—the head. Be sure ame thickness in both balves 90 that the paper halves of the head can be Joined up later. Lightly oll or grease the clay before ‘making the plaster mold. One method 4s to mix up a batch of fairly thick plaster of Paris and dab it over the clay, gradually building it up into & thick mold. Be sure that the plaster reaches every part of the surface and that it contains no air pockets. A. method that requires more plaster Is

SURVIVOR Vol.

1ovable thechin,operture ond a th to conceal

to use a thin mix, pour it into a box of sultable size, and press the clay face part way into it, “Again, avoid alr pockets “Allow the plaster to set and dry for several hours before attempting to remove the model from the half mold, If any bits of clay should stick to the ‘mold when the model 1s Iifted out, re ‘move them carefully. It may be neoessary to wait a day or two until the

se prey wespoe tnne talte aa renee os Stans Seong" ney fees Gt eens Sonne ene ee ei al eae ee inde oe pnd me A When dry,

Thy Noa figure” ot pe 2 better luton thon

dummies

4

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1412 The body, Note left, iphowmos cont of 0 sive to 0 the heed .

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 should be builtup into a thickness of about 3/16 in., and it isup most to build @ thin satisfactory layer and allow it to dry before adding succeeding layers. ‘The must be absolutely dry bepaper fore itformis lifted out, and the balves (face and back of head) ean then be trimmed with selssora 80 a8 to fit together evenly. ‘At this time you can introduce the various mechanisms, if you wish to luse more than the mouth movement, It is much simpler to do so now than to insert them through the neck opening later. Various suggestions "are given in the accompanying drawings. Join the halves with glue and, when it ls dry, reach in through the neck and reinforce the joint with more pieces of newspaper that have been soaked in

lluloid hie om be moc ek a

terete

te srctng satalope wopertory “Boching erope hoit

showntmokeinthewith disurprising realism theond device With Baht" the for Thon out puff in w o r d can dummy the ‘above,

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 paste, The outside must then be thoroughly gone ‘over with fine sandpaper to give it a perfectly smooth finish. ‘One of the illustrations shows how the chin is separated from the head with a razor blade to provide the mouth movement. A block of wood, one end rounded, I glued inside the chin, and the other end hinged as shown 'in a drawing. Cement a piece of thin cham‘ols over the opening underneath the fchin; then enamel the entire head & flesh color, halr is attached with ce‘Artificial ment, or hair may be simulated with dark’ enamel. HE body is only a wood frame covered with eloth and padded to represent the trunk. ‘Over the body frame is fitted either ‘an adult's suit that has been altered Sea child's outit of the correct size. The arms and legs are merely cloth sleeves that have been well padded and sewn across to represent joints. Tn making up the face, photo oil colors may be used on the lips and feheeks and to simulate the eyebrows fand eyelashes, unless the latter are made of actual hair. How to become a ventriloquist is the next problem. ‘The beginner is

1413 often told that the word means “to speak from the belly." This is as much f@ fallacy as the favored expression that a ventriloquist "throws his vole ‘The very essence of the work, exsimply, consists first in the ‘pressed tivation of @ pleasant, full-toned ‘speaking volce of your own and the enunciation of each word clearly with ‘2 full movement of your lips, This 1s the voice in which you address the figure. Second, you will need to develop a new voice, as unlike your nal ural’ voice as possible, and coming in your throat as posfrom asTn deeply ‘sible, other words, draw the sounds from your throat instead of forming them in the mouth, ‘This is not dificult to learn. Third, in using the latter voice, keep your lips slightly parted Dut absolutely immovable. Some professionals utilize for this purpose a device known as. the “Abbott gimmick,"a recently developed mechanical ‘aid in keeping the teeth parted. Do not ‘mistake this for the so-called “double throat” or "bird warbler’ ‘The best plan is to practice before a ‘mirror with the figure on one knee and with finger or thumb in the ring that controls its mouth movement. The head can be turned by turning the control stick. Speak to the figure in your «natural voice, using full lip movement.

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 When it is time for the figure to reply, talk in your “new” voice without move: ‘ment of the lips, and move the figure's mouth to synchronize with the sounds. ‘Avold words containing letters such as 5, m, and p, which must be slurred in ofder to avoid moving the lips. Above All, ook at the figure as if you actually twore listening to it speak. (

Secariont. Asi’ clothing mey be cdeptod tor ht

Childaise {etls polled shoes in place, reinforced ond woodwithhand,woodwhich cS. a tmoy be preferred to nuffed. glover: Left Te mokeup can be applied with abate ofc that should Secrets Of Ventriloquism starting point beand the the Fest. will come Tater How To Acquire This Amusing Art and‘Secure be far‘oneeasier. or“figures two 1880 ventritoquial Much“popular has been written regardin, gnd_you areSelect prepared this ‘form “of entertainment for, work. your and 108 our alm to ‘simplify and not Aialogue “and practice {oveonfuse ‘aa Inats notmajority’ of easof the following: a mir‘ventritoquism the throwing before ‘Stand the Volce as people are led ror and speak. “Whilea to believe but ‘merely. the imitation. of distant maintain Speaking, Voleés. Ventriloquiam consists of two fixity of countenance Kinds, distant ahd near. ‘Phe:the latter “is and @‘andrigidity of about mu! Used'"in connection with ‘wooden cles nerves dummies “that are 80" popular and fhe face ‘and tips, 80

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

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move: cay that, motlced Desayin mentfeginnofap byvisible as por distinctly as g 1-0-E, -~AsEsounda the‘closevowelthe mouth and rest the atblet Next the teeth buton bethe gureinnerthat.partyourof exupper lip, Tower and natural. Tt is isn't,

pression Ye easy Inake It go. Now, practice the vowel

Sounds again, cannot be easily pro~ ‘Some letters aro in. ventriloqulsm. ‘These these nouncea containing When PD. b, m. All words hard ‘to speak, Tetters Recesearywill to beutter such a word you similar sound: should substitute some away from the or turn your mouth can move your you that ‘so fudience, lip ‘without being seen, ‘Tho former method, however, 1s preferable and should be generaly adopted. For instance: If you, wish to pronounce a word with a “p” in It, subPOPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY AUGUST, 1988

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol.

stitute, or ki" For,“m" For “plano” sai"ne Steano” “f"or ‘Ron,“keano.” tay “molasves wb" For "veing” of“wor“gelng:g being” saysubptitute,

aire ater cre Seurs ate,in hs, Peat

ohae eac asters and Fe Re ae tate ae ees

Wind-Driven Generator By KENDALL FORD armature winding requires 1% mel1b. LECTRIC current for lights and ‘The radio in a vacation home may be ‘of No, 20 celenamel butwire.the Colton-ena generator will ‘obtained at a cost that should ay be substituted, turns since ‘ot exceed ten dollars by building Tequire a higher speed seefewer exch that case, t a h t In ‘wind-driven plant from a used auto fan be teed, number of turns.14 ‘mobile generator in good condition and toll ig reduced the same slots from 1 to ome odds and ends of materials, most Number the armature ing ‘of which may be obtained from salvage with sharp tool, and 1theto 28correspond (Fig. 1) ‘The generator may be geared up for ‘commutator bars from to Divide the wire into two equal amounts, much better proper Fewind speed, it to runbut atit aIs greatly reduced ‘wound on. separate spools, astwotwoendswires? older of; autoof type speed. Practically any wound together, omar, ng ‘mobile generator may be adapted, but fare ano @ the outit described is built around a ite et twenty-eight bar commutator, suchas is used on the Ford A, Chevrolet, Plymouth, ‘and Pontiae, Remove the cut-out coll from the generator, noting gento the which ‘terminal is connected erator terminal. Remove armature windings carefully. Note arrangement. of original arma coils, Clean slots in commuture Rewound tator bara with a hack-saw blade, Cut fourteen pieces of insulating armature Paper, 2 by 244 in, fold length1, and in armature ureslot slot the two wires ‘wise, and place one in each slot withas the 7, armat to around ue distance the Contin fends extending an equal and , 1 slot ure armat gh throu back ‘The paper may be then ‘Winding progresses. motors g until fourteenthe double and generators continue windin Dbtained wherever armatums have been wound on are repaired,

ends to comture, Connect, 7 theand coll8 (Fig. 2). For jnutator bars shown is wire ture Cleamness, oneline, arma n broke a as other the fas a solid the in wires l a , ‘space save ‘To fine, should be inparalwithlel a with farmature slot‘Press flat them Gach other. piece‘Connofectfiberendsor ofwood or calls to commutatwires the mark so 2, Fig. in as ly exact wound, or teat thee ft the colle aredry being r befor Cols with a ctedcell toandthe buzze utator. they are conne Continuecommthis. procedure untitthe armature. is completely

THE

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1415

wound, the folder doesSee notthatbridge two. sections of the commutator. Cut the insulation i In. paper above offthe about armature, fold the ends into the armature slot, and hold down with a ber ‘oF Wood wedge similar to ‘that winding. used on the original Paint the completed

8) Ope

Wiring Diegtam

Fie.12

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of inaulating varnish, allowing each to fry thoroughly. "Mark the feld pote pieces so they can be replaced in thelr original positions; then remove them and the fleldthe cols. ‘Make a Wooden winding form, censize as. the ter of which ia the same colls. Wind field original the in ‘opening ‘two new field colls im same direction as the old ones, each consisting of 220 tums of No. 20 celenamel wire (approximately 14 Ib. will be neededaltogether). Connect exactly like the original eld coils. Wrap olla with cotton tape and cover with Insulating The bow erage varnish or shellac. Fo'thow the Replace the pole and connect ends ppleces to sameandbrushnew andcoils,ground terminals as before. ‘Shape the end of & 1-in, pipe (long ‘enough to extend below the larger sup~ porting pipe) as in Fig. 10 and mount the generator as shown at Fig. 5. Drive pipe over the fa stort plece of 1%-in.« metal bearing solder and pipe Lin. to it. A set of ball bearings and cover faceway to ft the I-in. pipe may be pleked up in an automobile wrecking ‘Note that the pipe sizes are trade sizes, not the actual sizes in inches. The pipes may vary Outside diameters ofadvisable Somewhat, 0 it is a fairly tosnugselectat that wil make pieces 4when one is placed inside the other. ‘The collecting rings and brushes are shown at Figs. 10 and 11, The gener‘tor should be placed as high as posfaible, clear of surrounding objects. The mounting tower may be either wood (oF angle iron, ‘An adjustable vane {a provided (Figs. and 5), s0 the generator will not be 3{injured by strong winds. ‘The tension fon the vane may be set so the generator speed will be nearly constant in varying inWind speeds, because asto thefold wind right treases, the vane tends and thisat moves ‘angles to the propeller, away from the wind, ‘the"Topropeller stop the generator, the vane is pulled around by a flexible metal cable

to the propeller. 0 it fs at right angles racket for the ‘The lower mounting shown in Figs. 6 and 7. vane"The is propeller 4s cut from 20-gauge galvanized steel $ ct. square (Fig. 8).

BICARBONATE OF SODA CALLED FATIGUE CURE Popular Science, May 1987 Enpuraxce and physical capacity can bee increased from thirty to one hundred percent by doses of sodium bicarbonate, Berlin scientist reports. Numerous e3 8periments in the laboratory as well as in shown the field of sports are said to have an increase in the body's alkali conthat tent enables the system to dispose readily of lactic acid, which is the principal cause thus prepared ‘of exhaustion. A runner for fortyspeed full. at run to able ‘was ennormal his of instead m i n u t e s , {wo durance of twenty, and a bicycle racer ‘was able to maintain a sixteen-minute The Sprint, when his previous record was elev the generator pulley. It Is bolted to cing ring is threaded en. The method is said to be wholly dif ‘wire “resnfor and the ends are Unrough the holes, together . Bend the bolted or brazedabout 30 deg. slant to blades brought out ‘two No, 10 wiresfn theare tower to the pected to be useful for increasi and endurance of soldiers in an connected to the Glency 42, The lower brush, iswhich attack, is the posigenerator terminal that WATERPROOF BOOT Ee pole. At Fig. 5 s¢ will be seenthrough the generatorpportterminal passing hly SOLES.—If hot tar and rosin be the vane-eu bracket fs thoroug to boot soles, it will makepiecethem,of d with fiber washers from the applied {insulateding , Apply it with a by the ‘waterproof surroun metal cloth, and dry tin orel, flann fold ammeter fire, The operation Tt is advisable to include an may be repeated 2 also or 3 times diving themaywinter, 12); this in the circuit (Fig.© wreckin If neces g yard. — be obtained from of the leather Sry. Tt makes the surface longer. Oil quite hard, s0 thatit wears does not and sole, the softens grease for ‘keep the water out.

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1417

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4

PRR

A Simple Radio-Transmitting Set A Wire-Splicing Tool By FL BRITTIN Popular Mechanies, 1925, Popular , 1925 In splicing fence, telephone, and other A. SIMPLE. spack-coitradio-transmitMechanies ‘pan, into which enough insulating or wires, the stmple litle tool shown in the ting set can be used were Ernator messages thesan on “Urawing will prove its value, It is made are to be sent overs short distance.” The Poured, me” "Any fo desiredaver, capacity be ob: from 4 piece outie canbe put Eeined i n t o a , by small adding eo mmvcsps of tat Fron Complete the proper’ number of Sultease, and is well adapted to the aceds of outers inBeldmotor reas m0 cars or boats, and for M4 ‘Thebare-cop helix perconsists of 43 turns of No, lent size, and work, Boyescou t wire,bakelitewhich is wound formed ae ine ike necessar y insteume around nts a grooved composi ng tube, 4'in. in dicated. A the set are the following s a diam high-ten eter sion ad 7 in. long. Spring clips are cksaw, oF jump-spa rk col, of whieh afferent soldered siees ‘ey the” wires Grom t h e sei file, is wsed fan ‘be purchased, good restits havi found, and Spark gap, a6 shown in the for’ cutting Been ‘obtained. for Gistances up to 16 iagram. Four dry ells give good rewiththe ignition colkey, from'a forare used, stand sults shortediztheytance, work.” When ac wide by miles ard light automobi le; these a an ordinary may be. connecte d yin Tong, iclgraph key anewesin g the’ in purpose series, and a s shown in the upper part of fFeaving on! each 3 ‘side 2 ivesparktinesbatt gap, erywhiehelectrode may s:be mounte made rom the them drawing: another method asof shows connect= pro: tng isin d series-ma ltple, Jecting tongue {Wo upright fiberbe posta A thcondenser andr themakesinserths battery This distributes the loads and ‘whichis Dent helix will also needed; e condense last longer, over‘To into the form of a hook Sores up the energy, which ‘AC is the then present dis price of materials , and use, toolcrossoverthe wires to be joined, Gharged ‘across the spark ap, and. pro. assuming that all the parts are bought, hook the one piece, and let the duces” the’ osilations that are" thebwn ihe total cost of such a'set wil be abut ater wire ft into one" of the ‘notches into space from the antenna in the form $15, but this amount can be considerably ‘The tool is then turne d until the wire te-1s Le "ThePee‘cond ut’ by using’ materials that are-usually secure ly wrapp ed, the opera tion being enser can be made from a Svailabe around.shouldb the average Peate d with the’ remai ning end of the numbe r of glass plane Sih eheans eg ta insulated, el workshop aerial ‘The oe {oil between them. Old 4 by Sun, or 3 from the ground, but enot wwith poreslain cleats, Which should PORRRRRR ARPES, J, Memeativ nat be used for theal s e, fom , Serial’ of a transmit ting set. Solder Bill answe r the. li se! the. nel Sse, connections and mae al eds Popular pesMechanics, 1925, Sheets are cut Va purpo n, smaller than the plates, and a tah, or eae let projecting for connecting. the ‘ead’ wires to, each sheet. In assembling the condenser, the tinfoil sheets are placed between the glass so that fom the tabsopposite of alternate preces Iiplates project

sides, The Condenser unit may consist of ive sheets of foil and bindsix fhepase unit:plates,together, “After as. Sembling. and pies ia cig bon, ng the surround dng spaceor ‘with melvedhsulating ‘com: Pound, article for aparafin, portable to. set.make If a.thecompact trans:

|. mitter is to be stationary, the condenser may be supported on wooden blocks ina serves 28.8 permanent and alluring Rats, on entering, will almost. immediately’ taut string and camse the ‘weight chewofallthe, thus 1g an indication

Short. “The ground is important; have the ground wire water as shortpipe, a2 possible, and fasten i t 40-3 nt, frst ling’ the pipe ‘bright, if convenie and either Soldering the wire to it or using a ground champ, The sei to be lightaing sed inthearrester, house asor a stationar outtt,& y round switch, most be installed on the futside, to prevent building.from follow: into thelightning ing."Tothe wire operatelicensea tansmitt ing station, an der Full necessary. is operator s {lls of the necessary examination can be obtained fist in from which thethe radio builderinspector Fesides of2 the

Of their presence, Making Nicotine Spraying Solution Popular Mechanies, 1925 AAs concentrated nicotine solutions are netlug ala s coaat iy toth e gard en,can andhe tobac ustall sy the later sed making’ an ‘effective spray” for combatinforpests g aphis, radish maggot, and other insec‘Ant Ordin ary “plug: " costi ngwaterabout 10 ents, fs steep in sever ed al ttl s itsst has ned, rengtdh obtai been fully extrai cted, To the Tigui water (izes. adde d a2to take 10 galya this nd solut is used ion Spray. For radish ‘maggot and. similar ‘subterranean insects, the earth around the . fofested plans is saturated withthe solu: A Vay Glas pmaating ie m Aste BL Vy eeap BeRmsed

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WHAT TO D WITH A RATTLER Northwestern Sportsman, February 1979 by Sam Fadale around his small neck and transfer him in him The rattlesnake ills fess people the this country each year than the common bee; to holding sack. That was the idea, but the sand was too stl it emains the most widespread poisonmost the and aus snake in North America, soft and instead ofthe head being pinned, the dangerous, mainly due to the size it can ‘snake simply wriggled out trom underneath attain, Perhaps more deadly than the venom the stout branch and continued to work his is the means the snake has of using his way down the wash, He stopped at a small poison, two hypodermic fangs fed by filed ‘green bush, and it seemed that he had dis sacs, The poison i certainly lethal enough of appeared. No, he had gone down 3 gopher itsel, but then injected egg whites would be hole. Half of his thick body was stil sticking almost as final. He is @ type of it wiper, fut of the hole. He might pull hard and get though not a true form, for there are no down that hole. Against better juagement, genuine pit vipers in our country. Stil, the but wanting the snake, the reptile was Tattler has that loreal pit between eye and (grasped with a good handhold and tugged at ‘nostril, apparently an infra red. detector, to get him back out of that hole. Oniy he had ‘making him capable of deadly accurecy, even ‘not gone down the hole It looked like he had, inte dark, had simply doubled The writer has gained genuine respect butaround,insteadhis fontthe halsnakeying in the shade ofthe {or Crotalus, as his genus is cabed In college bush, appearing as though it had gone down demonstration of tne rattles ability was into the deep excavation in the ground. shown when @ mongoose, ater anhiliating @ The human arm was no more than six huge cobra, came up against Mr. Rattles, head. But that snake

Ina few seconds of strokes that were swift as to dety eve detection, the mongoose had been hit several times, and the powerful mammal soon layin acorn ofthe test cage in a dazed state, [As a sort of “class curator” another adventure with Crotalus took place, this one much more personal. The job was to gather ation specimens, live, for the glass observ pens in the classroom. Retlesnakes cannot tolerate much extreme in temperature being about one degree (F) above the air temperature isl nother words i itis 67F utsde, the snaie’s body temperature is approximately 68F. Their muscles won't wrk when it drops to A0F, and above 110 wil kil them, They are active between 80 and 90 degrees, and it was about 80 degrees in the shade when the near disaster took pace. ‘A huge rattle, wrstthick and welt over tour feet ong, maybe closer to five, fay inthe shade ofa sand wash, Hewesa prize, shining fer newly sheding his skin, and he would be a perfect specimen forthe lab back at the School A snake this arge and muscularis not so the regular stick with the an easy capture, hooked wice end was set aside for a much stouter piece of tee limb found in the wash, The idea was to place the sick across the snake's head and very cautiously grasp

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answers 10 en didnot strike, There areCallno tthe particular type. ounters of this he mood was in, nature ofthat snake, orgoingthe tobe by a but ever aman was unityn bitten warm the therei was ort rater, the opp sand wesh. Drawing back rom the hold the s was allowed author went his way and Crotalu to wander his own solitary route without further annoyance Anything 2s deadly a6 the rattierman is ‘bound to draw a lot of attention from nds of Every year nundreds and even thousa these snakes ar killed, angin mast cases i h sometning tha a normal reaction to dispatc f, can be lethal to yoursel as well as yout are nearby ‘The ony problem s thatthife theysnake i usually discarded at that ifamily point. Alot people believe tha, if passin, ‘what is cropped off ought to be used in one wayof another. The rater,as it urns aut,i quite uselul in two ways, at Teas, not'te mention the scientific eallecting of venom to al easons ice chemicFood prejud isthe only thing holding anyone back irom eating the pure clean meat af the rattler. After al, the nation asa whole gobbles down thousands of oggs (unborn embryo} and in the best restaurants people pay very, high prices foristicsnail,aboutcalledit escargo,” to be cuphem Indeed, rattlesnake meat is for sale,veryusually high in exclusive food stores, and at sisi

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Unmking os of este, te steps totaramakeoe, logGeyand sats witha sarethe dom th ete nae’ bali ram te eck hae the he fat‘uta!‘eenthough curahe asection the wawhicto heetait aus

Cate must be ner na ct thea singe an eet with the sharp azo Fr prtetin, Blade can halbe se,chs double er ear néetape Dae, can BeRteDu ver the futing 2 geod maty anaes, the aor ba lenred tangent ube ge ase mi at eanghse

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prices. In some places there are actual rater roundups, where hundreds of snakes are ‘brought in, Sometimes the meats cooked up ‘and served ata banquet, butoften it is simply tossed away as garbage Trying to relate what the ratter’s meat tastes like is ficult since individual taste buds are so different. But some people say it resembles chicken, while few disagree that it is elated closely tothe very best f frog legs. It is easy to prepare, at any rate and ia person’s food prejudice is set aside, it is enjayed by almost all who taste it, Rather than anything foreign in flavor, the only real drawback ofthe meats its rather bland taste Before going into cooking the snake up for your guess, a few statements have to be made, because if someone does have Mr Crotelus dispatched and decides not to waste him, he must do one thing before removing the Snake from te sit ofthe kill and into the kitehen--CUT OFF THE HEAD. In Ottewa County, Kansas, a snake head severed three ar four inches behind the head itself was handled by a child. The reflexes ofthe snake acted, struck, injected the poison, and the child died. Kiauber, the grat rattler expert, found that “The head of 2 rattler, when separated from the body, is dangerous for at least 20 minutes...” A Southern Prairie rattler, inone of Klauber’s studies, bit a stick and discharged venom intoit 43 minutes after the head had been cut of. The head should be cutoff then, and simply mashed into the dust before’ carrying the body away. Leaving a snake head behind intact could endanger someone later on, certainly up to several hours in some cases. The other attribute of the rattler, his beautiful skin, can be attended to right along with saving the meat Step on i to slit the snake full-length down the very center ofthe belly from anus to neck. By peeling the skin back from both sides of this cut-start atthe neck, never the tail end-the whole skin can be quickly removed by gently stripping it fight down, ust ke taking the pea off it, ‘When it reaches the tal section, the peeling action must be stopped or the raters will remain attached othe body ofthe snake, rather than the skin. Now that the hide is peeled all the way down, the same sharp razor blade that sit the snake is used to cut off the rattlers, being sure that they are left strongly attached to the skin section of the snake. There will probably be a litle bit of

1419

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4

¥

Sts the hing own teal log ofthe ied. bong eae nt ge Reyer the en otheSlvrtart oe ai, ipeapealyeh i skinsae il eh tren aerator ous ‘enough to cover it well, though a tle extra won't hurt. The skin does not have to be fleshed out or scraped at al. There is nothing easier to work with than a snake hide. Now the salted skin is stretched onta a board by tacking it carefully all the way up and down its length. It should be stretched to realize the best size, and of course, some big snakes hhave been stretched so much that they ‘esemble boa constrictors i size, a good way to fool the tourists when they see such a skin tacked tothe barroom wall In few days toa week, the skin willbe dry and it can be removed from the board Now the excess satis scraped away with a piece of wood that does not have extremely sharp edges that can cut. A damp rag will take off the rest of the clinging salt. Pa meat etclinging to the rate area, This can alycerine rubbed into the skin will give it be gently teased away with a pointed knife Softer texture, but the kin wll ast for many 1 someis ton, it wil not hurt anything Years with no further treatment, especialy if The skin, now ff ofthe snake, is spread its to be hung decoraively ona wall. Some ut and salted with plain table’ sal, just skins are turned into belts by lining a leather

3. The shins bean ex ety down tebemely ae,tha lseg an ual ith of white le on lth ies the ver decal sin At ths of har btn owed ery dy fraoff athe salt wl be seaged {ing Burt edged sch liad by oy {itn and then beat wh Al ys tom te e pS Then can be Sted deco al ‘oythi

ng tht the imagine the oer ‘Canupwih-also mite ood r atband belt with them. Some are converted into hat bands. They can be added as a veneer to almost anything by simply gluing the skin ver some objec. The meat is even easier t0 attend to Alter the skin was stripped off, the body of the snake only required evisceratng, which is accomplished with the same razor, ora sharp knife. The snake meat is delicate and can be hhandied quickly and neatly without rough usage. There are few innards in the rater, so cleaning him is rapid, Once the cavity is clean, the meat is held under cool running water and simply washed clean. Then itis soaked in brine for an hour, After the soaking, the meat, still in one piece, is dried on a paper towel and then cut into serving pieces. To cook, sprinkle garlic salt or powder sparingly on each piece, along witha trace of onion salt, some pepper and enough paprika to give ared color. Some taste buds preler a little bit of crushed tregeno, but just a litle, and others like little crushed sweet basil The serving pieces are put into a bater, which is simply an egg or two, depending on how much meat there is, and a litle milk

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4. Woring around he ates he wuchest shin sel but behind the ete ah ne we te sharp arr cus the mest part of aaythe rmopeatan,the akfr theytheycan myetebe an, Break oi ashanti aston Iradvrtenyeut away fa the shin. The

eee 6. The meatol he aenae int it un ig pleasa andi resem quite iler blandenn astsand Siren nt,peopl. rs bles lg

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5. Now hath bd he sake ands hi dre fly pare, the meat ht may cng ts the baseo! ne rate secon must cael, Teesed onay om the al. Here, 1 futher 2 veryhe sharp feleatlyoseremove excessponte meat HomAne theto fal seen ln aut abt how much te up tpt, il ft eystnp a exces Simply ardenmet pan i s beter leave lite oo much meat in lc, rater than cting he tes teal end whipped together. This mixture should be anly enough to just caver the meat and no ‘mare. The meat should soak in the egg/milk mix for atleast an hour; two hours is better. And then itis breaded, Flour breading s fine, but other types of breading will also work. Each pice is well breaded, and taken from the egg/milk batter, the flour will stick quit well, Some prefer to double-bread, which is

simply breading, then returning the meat to the ega/milk batter and then breading agai. Fried in pure lard and margarine over @ slow heat 2 $0:50,mix ofthe lard/margarine, the breading will adhere until the meat is cooked through. Depending upon the altitude itean take from 10 to 25 minutes for the meat to.cook through. It should not be burned to a just cooked to doneness. The last few ‘minutes inthe pan the heat can be turned up and each pice will emerge golden brown, If guests are over, itis wise to give the special meal a french name. Anything french‘sounding will do, unless the guests speak the language. After all, if escargo is served people love it, until they find out it i the “lowly snail. Aside from French names, the meat can be called Cranebrake Delight,

1. Ate ight stig tis tached wo 2 board for ying It thebetsin,a yn that sot of te det sn, bu oe lace humdi. This skin fom 9 ama rater,tram Thebig es are mach mae iret Prairie Finger Steaks, or any other ttle that ‘suggests just how delicous the meal is going to be, and it S going tobe delicous. Unlike many good-to-eat things we take either from under the water or above it, such as pantish that might take hours to scale, and game mammals that require carcying home ‘and packaging, the rattler offers no special problems, either removing the skin, or pre paring forthe table. If he is taken either in ‘organized roundups or individually, he might as well be used rather than tossed in the gatbage, for his skin rwvals the decoration of the alligator and his meat is as good as the chicken. C

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1421

FALLOUT PROTECTION FOR UNDER 20 CENTS!

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 rule, leaving five inches of thread exTnoert a knife beneath the center of

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‘This Week MagaNovember zine24,,1961 By Dr. and Mr. Luis W. Alvarez ‘as told to Allen Brown Article Locabyted John Nix ‘Al of us, in theoe tense days, fear the from a tin can, regular-weight aluminum foil, transparent tape, white nylon (not cotion) thread. As for your tools, collect black pocket comb, a hammer and nail, a 25fealit, smell, tasteit. cent coin, scissors, a table knife with a smooth handle and a 16-inch ruler or with nipped Laboratori complicated apparatus that measures yardstick. it. This foil should be only one half inch Line the glase with fol: Cut a sheet long, just enough to hook the foil to the radioactivity. Our homes, unfortunately of 2.aluminum foil to measure about one ‘thread. Don't touch the thread except at are not. We felt it urgently importantto foot. Roll this sheet around the ‘ends, Moisture changes the reading. develop a simple device to detect fallout ‘quare of the glase, completely covering radiation. Ideally, it should be made outside the other quarter-sized circle from inexpensive materials available in the sides and the bottom of the glass of Attach foil to the other thread in the same with foil ‘almost any home. way. Tn our own home, we made such an in- Slip the glass from ita foil covering. ‘Tie the two parallel threads to each strument—and it works. It measures Carefully ease the shaped foil i other at each end and pull each knot radiation danger, accurately showing the glass, molding it to the inside of the down tightly so that it falls exactly at hhow long one can tolerate the current ‘glass with the kenife’s handle. The foil the transparent of the level of radiation. In case of nuclear should hug the inside walle and bottom. fiverinch lengths.tape atTheneachmakeend double attack, a series of readings would tell 3. Cut windows: Remove the molded note to secure the first knots. you whether you could safely remain foil. Measure down from its top and 7. Install the indicators: Insert one set ‘where you are, or how well your fallout make marks on the side at two and at of the loose ends of thread through the shelter is protecting your family against three inches. Cut @ one-inch square from two holes on one side of the lid. Pull the radioactivity. It works fast enough#0 the foil between the two marks. On the threads up as far as they will go and tie that you could take a reading outside a ‘opposite side of the molded foil, repeat them on top of the lid. Remove tape on fallout shelter without danger of expo- ‘the measurements and cut another onesure, and it would tell you when you inch square. Return the foi to the inside of the glass. When the glass is held at ‘could emerge for i “This homemade ‘gadget may look like eye level, you should now be able to see ‘toy, but many important discoveriesin through the two windows. nuclear physics have been made with 4. Fasten scale to glase: Cut the cali that end. Then do tho same thing with similar instruments. In fect, it has brated scale which THIS WEEK has other set of loose ends. Next, remove tinct advantages over other radiation: printed below. Secure it with tthe tthe anchor tapes holding the threads to measuring devices. Geiger counters transparent tape to the outside of the the yardatick, ‘operate on batteries that can be dead glass, placing it horizontally just below ‘You should now have two loops of ‘when needed. Our fallout meter uses one of the windows 80 the top of the thread hanging below the lid, with a foil static electricity that always is available scale is at the bottom of the window. dangling from each loop. Slide the 6. Prepare lid: With the hammer and disk {foils on their throads eo they hang at the tail, punch two holes close together one ‘bottom of the loop, opposite each other. inch from the center of the can lid. Two 8, How a reading: Create sta ic inches directly across the lid from these ‘electricityto bytakerubbing the pocket comb holes, punch two more holes. hair or against wool. Then brush strument. When we showed it to Dr. 8. Make the radiation indicators: intheyour comb against aluminum indicaEmilio Sergre’, winner of the Nobel Using the 25-cent coin as a pattern, cut tor. Repeat until each static electricity sepaPrize in 1958, he said he would make one ‘out two circles of aluminum foi. ites the indicators by about half an himself that evening. Dr. Edward Teller ‘Cut two lengths of nylon thread of inch. ‘could hardly wait to see it. Dr. GlennT. bout 16 inches each. Be careful to touch Seaborg, chairman of the Atomic only the ends of the threads. Stretch out Place the lid on top of the aluminum‘Energy Commission, has endorsed it for parallel and almost lined glass, slowing the separated indi‘use in fallout shelters. they can be ators to hang freely inside without yardstick ‘You can make the device now with ‘measured at the same time. 90 Do not cross materials that probably are in your or tangle them. home. It will take you les than an ‘Measure off fiverinch lengths near the ur— save yout life. center of the two threeds. Anchor them some dayand hhomay for making to the yardstick ‘Here are your with two short strips of the fallout meter at home: transparent tape. Place the tapes just ‘your eyes. Move the lid 1. Gather material and tools: You'll inside the five-inch lengths of thread 90 {indicator points to the same are held taut against the ‘umber on either aida of the scale. need a 10-ounce drinking glass, the lid that five inches

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ADDITIONAL MATERIAL ‘CONCERNING THE. FALLOUT METER ved #0 many inquiries concerning our article (the the number ,,¢,rine has 14 million circulation) that ws jecided to prepare a few pi of ‘Take secondsa reading needed byfor timing the bottom cere y absh of material that would answer most of the questions, Gamma ray of the scale. Multiply this number by 10 to find out how many hours you can be 1422

ngi the disks closer together. ‘A reading of 600 seconds would indicate no radiation danger. Your test reading today probably will be 10 to 30 minutes, indicating the instrument is not being influenced by radiation. It will nt measure the slight radiation from current tests, But after « nuclear explosion it: might take only 13 seconds for the indicators to cover the distance between four end three on both sides of the scale. This ‘would mean that the radiation you ‘would receive in that location in 130 hours would be lethal ifthe radiation remained constant. A series of readings ‘would gauge radiation’s diminishing danger. Radiation decays and its danger decreases so even such a high initial reading could mean that over several ‘weeks you might receive only a percentage ofa lethal dose. How to storeit Now that you have your instrament put it away, with these instructions, for an emergency. We suggest storing it in ‘an empty three-pound coffee tin, sealed ‘with tape. We hope that you will never hhave to.useit. (1

‘The fallout meter is, in scientific language, an electroscope. ‘The nylon thread és an ingulator--charge won't flow along it ae it will ina copper wire. When the comb rubbed against the indicators, an electric charge is transferred from the comb to the aluminum indicators, Weill call the charge positive (+), but it could equally well be negative (). Air is a good insulator, so there is at firet sight, no way for the 4 charges to escape from the indicators. The indicatore are pushed apart, "Like charges (+ and ¢, or - and -) repel each other", ust as WITT Vee ee} because ‘To prevent Destruction unlike charges (+ and -) attract each other". These statenents can be of Fruit Buds by Birde—Just ‘called the fundamental laws of electricity. efor th buds and, aagein when theyarhaveretaybegunfo bt, toexpand when the ponetrating gama rays fron radioactive materials pass fro thom a plentiful dustin wit g himmey soot, "Tho soot ss unpalatablo through the volune of tho electroscope (inside of the glass), they have & to thethatbirds, and they will attack no Bush fethus spriaUled cortein chance of "on{zing" one of the molecules of oxygen, nitrogen, . It in no tway washod thenave off in ntdueloom nd Sefurs course orn, of tine argon, carbon dioxide, water vapor, ete, which rake up ordinary air. by the rain,‘Wasps destroy a good deal ‘on a (neutral) nolecule 4s Sonized, 4t breaks up into « positively tated ehargod portion, and a negatively charged portion, called the positive Jnof fei, sri butnaveneveryth hat ontocl pate and annoy. ance of a swain rm outurin, ‘and nogative Lona, respectively. We often cay that the gama ray produces ‘an fon pair where 4t "intoracte" with the molecule, (This 4s the sane

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1423 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 nechonan whereby a garra ray produces danage to a coll in the hunan body.) Popular Mechanies, 1915 Carrying Two Pails in One Hand Nos, by the fundanental laws of electricity, the negative fon When it is necessary to carry two small filed pothe als in one‘will handbe found andaa As attracted to the excoss positive charge on the indicators, and the the in package positive don 4s repelled. The wegative ion moves tosard the closest Andicator, which 4 eventually strikes. It tharefore reduces the excess Positive charge by one "unit". Since the indicators are held apart (against the force of gravity, which tends to make the cone together) by the mutual

8 positive charge, tho noutralisation of this difficult job, i f the contents are excess charge by the negative Sons created by the gama rays, vill cause ligiid, » Procure ‘ a stick of sufficient size cutto carry the notch weightin ofeachthe pails ‘the loaves to ‘collapse, and a small endeachto admit the bai, Place 2 pall on Jn concentrating on the rovenant of the negative fons, we may End of orthe sc and tae hold nthe enter, filled a Tite ifthe to onepalssideareof notthe equal center, have lost sight of the positive tons. They are repelled by the excess positive charge on the Andicatora, and are driven inte the aluminum Strainer for a Milk Pail Even though a milker may be eare- coating. ful, omall particles of wldirt al Rais, ete,the For those interested in the calibration of the meter, "one no mltrue ‘thatpai the Te is Givision" corresponds to 10 milliroentgens of radiation from a standard tile is ateained radionctive eobelt source. The ractor of 10", fron seconds to "hours of aiterward, Buta large survival" fndfeates that we used 360 roentgens ae the yurvival dose", ofthe percentage diet dis Actually fer persons who get 340 roentgens will die, but almost a1 Solves and passes through fusiner the lonmilethe persons who got twice that much will die, 360 roentgens 4s therefore 4 sort of threshold of death* dose, “The est plan to prevent this drt from info the over mil theisto.pailput opening, a piece Several parsons have weStten to ask about the effect of moisture offalling cheesecloth Securing it A,thereover bythe slipping, an open on tho rate of collapse of the indicators. We mde sone tests which shoved wire rig, tim, “The milk Will pase. through the cloth that in the "steams condition we could produce in the bathroom, the withoutreadily’spatering rote of collapse of the indicators was very fast, But auch a condition ‘A Stove-Wood Carrier A handy wood carrier, for basement bringing ‘would never be observed in nature. Vo didn't make a eo of neasurenents wood aid kindling trom the under various conditions of controlied huntdity, because we didn't have the bryaed to the woed box in the house, maybe made Yrom a. "Usegraina complete sak necessary apparatus, Wo tried very hard to insert a paragraph in the artic Shown in the sketch, fsck andWhenmakeused,ropeplacehandles. at each warning about the effects of excess humidity, but the editors rejected it. tnd, only scent Srood oF to kindling fn it to overpermitthe topthe If the article were to be published in the surner, we would have taken it Handles c o n t e together affortable the toad,grip and"This: itwillis no mahatder ke 2 com.to out of the ragesine, but since S¢ vas to cone gut tn the winter (when hunidity is normally ov), we felt that further descriptive material, to Cry than medium-weight suitcase When the wood is removed the carrer an be taken to the back Yard and be put out by the Office of Civil Defense, could tell how to treat the

nylon thread with paraffin, (We made a test of thread coated about hale ‘way up with paraffin, and found {t behaved all right 4n the steany bathroon.)C)

shaken out, thus doing away with the dirt that usually results from other methods of filling wood boxes

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Ccleago Tribune, Wedesday, Api 5, 1978

100 gallors of oi!

1424 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 FORMULAS FOR SALE AND BARTER

by Kurt Saxon In the 19th Century, formularies were big business. Every town had tradesmen who manufactured thelr own household products for sale in thelrits ‘own stores or to sell to general stores or individuals. They were always on the lookout for more and better formulas. As time went by, the big manufacturers took over and mass-produced products the little man had been making in his shed. The individual could theno {i Whie man pope tenuatewi longer compete with those selling through Montgomery Wards or Sears and Roebuck, and so went out of business. Now, everyone buys all their household products from chain-stores. Aside from a few boondockers making their own soap and preserving their own foods, do-it-your is more for the ng hob iest than for the general public. selti Books on formulas and processes have a limited market today, although world conditions are deteriorating steadily, week by week. Even so, the thedeo ‘ong Bat wer cone al at cnt ‘majority still believes someone will set things right. Only a few are gearing up Si losoy fe ote osoflof ements teed wt ‘met ln gle to be self-sufficient, whether our foundering system rights itself or not; which imp lng ont st itwon't. Mary Knoesch So formulas will have a limited market until the bottom drops out of the world systems and by then, only a few survivors will have the Atlan line of formularies or others. But then, what seems to most like a simple-minded nostalgia hobby, will be the basis of fortunes for those who have bought up. formularies while people like us can still collect and publish them and people Cleaning Paint like you can still buy them. Alter the crash, a person who has a collection of Atlan Formularies can Off Glass either choose one or more of dozens of basic businesses manufacturing industrial compounds or make such compounds to sell from farm to farm. ‘The Amateur Mechanic, 1920 With no more chain stores, you'd be surprised at the simple compounds ‘ToSed remove pained signs, ete, from the farmers would need. pan nnd bad om is Aside from making basic chemicals and/or selling household and industrial together a t h i n p a s t e of ordinary” f l o u r products, formulas themselves would be in great demand. Following is a 19th find water, boil i and then add songen Century account of two brothers who got rich merely selling the formula for a tratedbe oflythe sufiient to cause the mixture violet to consistency of coatings, ordinary low: past. This ink.might seem hard to imagine, ‘Apply and remove several how long do you think the supply of ing about a quarter of an hour between ball-point pens will last after the crash?but Even lead pencils will be scarce for a tech application; scrape ‘of with ong time. Ink will be back in demand and those who buy up a few thousand feraper or ordinary putty knife. Then metal pen points and a few gross of pen holders will be quite comfortable sponge th gaan a o d rub with whi when ball-points are a thing of the past. fed ater. “When this is sponged off homooF and witha piofelea Anyway, following is an excerpt from OLD SECRETS AND NEW purer Kaus polish fine © gla DISCOVERIES - TREASURE HOUSE OF VALUABLE MONEY MAKING IDEAS. (amou loose i t nted) , | can tell it was published in the latter part of the last century. vide bah of strong Ie solution i eo thasIts nothe datekind butof success which worked in the last century but would not tuitable receptacle, preferably of earthen- work today. However, in a story very short time it will be just as practical an idea as be ood Gnware,edge.ie"Al ow the gla canto stan dinoyedis in the early 1870's. Solutio until n the” paints destr Ink may not be your game in the near future, but you have your choice of when Femara, ie i lee aor od hundreds of formulas you could peddle just as easily and just as profitably. As ‘ipo dry with sandus t. R u b vithei lute you read, imagine yourself doing the same thing with any one or more Ammonia ‘nd whiling, dry” again’ with formulas. you need to confine yourself to only one, You could make Sevrdust, and fish by polishing ns above up samples Norof awould dozen products and sell their formulas wherever you went. imcte Thod,lyo above refered to may consist “THE PAUL BROTHER'S VIOLET INK a ain 3 op: stan and dow potash in fost auficient ‘water to “in 1871, '72 and '73, two young men (twin brothers) Frenchmen, were often Ive them, 8 oz. of quic met in different parts of France and England, dressed alike. By closely Afterwards added; or equal quantitiesof watching soda and quicklime could also be used offices, them they were seen to enter counting houses, banks, Insurance green grocers, merchants and stores and shops of every kind. They with the same effect. carried no luggage or large sample cases lke commercial travellers or drummers. “They had the appearance of young men with some determined object in Pot oeionirgy

ene

oer == poecar nance art eater rr Eevaeas crane, esoraniners

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1425 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 and as they flitted swiftly by the busy throng, on the crowded A Simple Trap for Catching Rats view, thoroughfares, little or no comment was made on them except by those that Popular Science, May 1938 noticed the remarkable resemblance each bore to the other. These two young 1 Youn ats” February tan the article on ‘men were the celebrated PAUL BROTHERS, that made clear in three years ‘adan'va intctested me very-much, between them, over one hundred thousand pounds sterling, without one cent and T would ike to tell jou Of mye in capital to start with, Derlence I trled all kinds of poisons and history does not record a similar case. They stood alone up to Erape witn very litleusedsuccess: Then I onrer 1871.Previous ‘membered how we to get them Their method of making a fortune was not known to the general public the ie farm. A bucket until they had fini theirshed successful tour over France and England, full of water it easy Teo Loon “ms “They did not advertize or manufacture goods. They did not force their wares laced Deaige asame box Brabout the on those they met. They had determined on a plan (successful as it proved to sight to eerveStraas 8 be), and they fotlowed it until victory crowned them with financial success. platform. o otheria font? “In 1870 they made the discovery of a very rich violet writing ink. They put it togfork,material then up in bottles and sold it for two shillings English currency. But they were very r= the on placed poor and could not advertize or commission it and they struggled hard, but ace of theof, ‘water Scraps fatty could not get ahead. They walked from shop to shop, every day, occasionally meat are” dropped selling a bottle. inte bait whieh “One dark, bleak Saturday night, in the cityof Paris, out of money, footsore, Ties ‘on tmateri op. of thePlace the box and t8e disheartene foating d and hungry, they entered a cafe to trade a bottle of their violet ink ‘bucket side by aide. ‘Phe rodent emells {if they could) for their supper. The keen proprietor tested their great discovery thethe bait, jumpy up on the bon, drops inte was amazed. He offered them five francs to teach him their secret so that bucket for a eleven meal and=-good-by ar and Hat. I drowned rate fn one might hhe could make his own ink, and never have to buy any more. ‘with this method, whieh ts cheap and “The Paul Brothers faltered. It was hunger on one side and the parting with Therefore worth trying. Perhaps others their secret on the other. They decided to accept the Frenchman's paltry tive willbe Interested franc piece and made the violet ink in his presence. They then determined to sell that secret to all France and England, “The five francs carried them over until Monday morning. From that day, fortune never failed them. They each took a pint bottle of the violet ink in their pocket and visited stores, banks, offices, and everywhere that ink is used or sold. They asked a moment's time of the storekeeper to show him their writing done with this ink. Then they told him he could make that ink for a trifle per gallon. He could sell it in his store or use it for his business purposes. “Five francs was their price to give the secret. They found hundreds of thousands ready to buy. Their fortune was made. Three years they worked OE a selling this secret in this way. Very many days they made five and six hundred francs. And in England they were known to make even more than that sum in single day. They retired in the fall of 1873, worth over half a million dollars, Flower-Bed Borders from Auto Rims aevery dollar of which was made selling the secret for making their elegant Popular Mechanics, 1925 violet ink. whe photograph shows the novel and “We purchased that secret in Paris from the Paul Brothers and you can now by possible made. r e s u l t not undttracive the violet ink in five minutes in your own home. It costs next to nothing Suiompbile tire rime as. the make to manutacture . Any storekeeper will pay you 60¢ for the secret after you have borders for Mower bes. Not only can shown him your therm be, edo ths manne ba ld “To make sample. Anybody that writes will buy this secret from you. one gallon: take an ounce of Violet Aniline. Dissolve it in four fins or tires are Bist painted white, the ‘ounces of hot alcohol. Stir it a few moments. When thoroughly dissolved, add pace within them fled with earthy and ‘one gallon of boiling water and the ink is made." theths flowers formed or plants set inside the circle That was a lot of ink for §0c and the price of four ounces of alcohol and an Tissue Paper as a Moth Preventive ounce of violet aniline, You can read up on making aniline on pagedss and on page 779 on dying Popular Mechanics, 1925 ‘Making aniline ink need not be confined to violet, There are different colors, a frend of mine keeps» uniform in a small closet,whenand,the happening to removed be there ‘and, since aniline was discovered in 1826 as a dry distillate of indigo and soon ata time wnform was thereafter, coal tar, any chemist can make it. Even so, the formula would be Fhallsnoted Uponthe asking absence himof about the woul mothe useless, at this time, since people use ball-point pens and even before, ink this, T'was was cheap enough and more convenient to buy than to make. Shown a small-quantity of tissue’ paper Scattered the closet, and also how will be expensive again, after the crash, as will everything one can't thetion moths around had eaten a considerable por: growBut orinkmake in the home workshop. So formularies will come back as highly of the paper, ut had not attacked in themselves. items saleable thefeverclothing” My clothes. friend said that he had known that ad been In the last century, when druggists stocked, or would cheerfully order, ‘wrapped in tissue paper to be harmed by anything available, people bought everything from the makings for shoe polish the insects, as it appeared they preferred to raw opium. People did put together the products they needed, rather than the paper to the eloth=—

1426 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 pay others to process household goodies for them. Home formularies were published by the hundreds. They came in all sizes, litle booklets, to entries in almanacs, through large volumes like “Dick's from A Simple Farm Hoist Encyclopediaof Formulas and Processes" with 6422 entries. Although many, Popular Mechanics, 1925 such as Dicks, 1872; “The Techno-Chemical Receipt Book A simple hoist that will fad many uses Scientific American Cyclopedia", 1903 were very professional and comprehen about the farm, for raising bags ‘of grain sive, most of them were simple and even trashy. nd‘Weights ther tobulkythe ‘Men would travel all over the states, contacting tradesmen, farmers and Upper oor of housewives with reputations as good cooks, and buy formulas, processes and arn orother recipes. They didn't test all the formulas, seldom being chemists. So they building. is and unscientific Shown i dhe often gave descriptions of processes so full of tradestillslang raving. figure some of can't tradesmen and terms that many modern chemists Riweoden of 19th dictionary the them out. It took me months of research to compile beam, of site Century chemical and trade names in GRANDDAD'S WONDERFUL BOOK OF able “thiekne CHEMISTRY, without which, many of the old formularies are impossible to understand. Wve seen many absurd, useless and even dangerous formulas bought and t in po the open door sold out of sheer ignorance. But the following is a classic. “Peoples Reference pringInsideother Book, 1892, is a very good collection of household and trade formulas. But on The s p e r page 28, between "To Soften Old Putty” and "To Make Hard Water Soft” is end of the beam is provided a Single-sheave "Protection Against Burgiars” to the ‘The method reads, “There is no safer protection against burglars than to Pulley,fg overdrum’whichthis thecanropebe passes easily impr feed your baby, before going to bed, with green apples. It will begin bellowing vied A wooden block can be mae a before midnight,and itis a sure thing that you can net stop it before morning” Inserted underneath the projecting beam 0 that the arm is heldin an inclined {At first, | thought some clown put it in as a joke. | later found a different ‘The packages are edition of the same book and, sure enough, it was in that one, too. It could Position,clearas of shown. ‘aised the building and, aswhenthe they who were sadistic, deaf and paranoid. applied by parents arm ‘onlyAlterhave thebeencrash, ‘each the pulley, swing inward factories will flourish. Owners of chemical backyard rises to a vertical position. GRANDDAD'S WONDERFUL BOOK OF CHEMISTRY and other books telling ‘Tool for Skinning Fish how to make chemicals will be turning out everything one needs to follow most Popular Mechanies, 1925 of the formulas I publish today. e disagre and dificult a s i The dullards will have died off and so people like you can go to the nearest Skinning fish nt unpleasa an also is sealing and job able but the skinning is simplited, and drug store and buy chemicals available as freely as people did in the last task, Then formularies will mean fortunes for those who sell them and Sealing eliminated, by using the simple century. those who can follow their instructions. Aside from buying all my formularies, | advise you to visit any second hand book shops in your area and look for old formularies. ! wouldn't advise buying the several modern formularies, however. This is because they are written mainly for established businesses and recommend modern, complex chemi cals. Most such chemicals are made with a much higher technology than we “will have fora generation after the crash e old formularies recommend chemicals easier to process, and therefore likely to be available soon after enterprising chemists get small tool shown in more processors set up. So, although the old ways are not necessarily the best, they the drawing. ‘This tool may will be the only ways possible fora long time. bbe made from piece of round hardBOAB IL ELI BL 2 SCE EE EETis PARR ‘wood,‘a provided with a EERE Rent oI YI EPA PEER SEARS Brads. being. driven handle atone through the stick end,so" that their paints pro is slit along ject about % in. The a skin cut is made with Ammonia Gun Easily Fastened to Flashlight and belly, and back the the point of a sharp knife directly behind] noes. MHIS combination of an wnmonia gun with a powerful behind! the gill. Start the skingetbackthe fromprojecting) Saliba cee Whe et the gills, enough fo in i, then turn A caught brads the of points omg g ihustahtietra r area emaai ten me {he stick, and the skin will be wrapped ‘around it, until the tall is reached, when 4 esie show te helt iinvansnonta a's is th The opnosies itis eut in off.the same shah mist fube be bentightly stifo $0the skinned manner, Should flesh begin to. teat away with the skin, Slee the Bulbic AIA eiih ammisoteeight pressure of ye the knife between the two, and the theouta bulb will shoot fine stream afwoeantnnonta a Asians ofte feat, the mbt bean perfect fo for itmnnia ashe Mit stream Waschod wil hit whereverthe light7 beam are

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142

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Amateur Sheepshank Knot Used to Recover Rope Popular Mechanics 1919 The knot shown has a peculiar characteristic which enables a person to recover the rope after letting himself

down from some elevated position, After the rope has been tied Armly to some support, as a limb of a tree, tie this knot, or “sheepshank,” as high up as possible. Close inspection will show that one of the three sections of the not halls no part of the weight below ‘This section is identified 28 the por. tion which projects through the loops Aand Bat both ends. The other sec~ tions project through at one end only. When the knot has been arranged, slide down carefully to a position just below it and cut the rope at C; then descend to the ground, By shaking the rope the knot may be loosened, ‘and oly a short piece will be left attached to the support

WATERPROOFING, for Boots and Shoes.—Linseed oil, 1 pint; oll of pint; yellow turpentine, wax, % Ib.or naptha, burgundy piteh, i Ib. Melt together with & le heat. For use, rub into the leather before the fre,

Sp ectra Popular Sete ence, 1948,

NY amateur experimenter will enjoy homemade Grown ‘usinghere. theA eheap ‘equilateralspectroscope prism, Costing about $150, ls all that need Bought. Au 16-Inch matting tube, binekenedbe ‘side, tose theforms tube, theandbody.drave Chip a linea small with s mirror sharp feaife through the slvering. “Then, black paper tape, cover all but a bait with inch or{Ghuedao taba of theattachalt theto. mirror obliterate pinholes, Unslvered side out, to one end is,of thewithmallthe Ing tube aa shows, ‘For the opposite end,

wth 0

-volt D.C. Soldering

eye

tvade

of on ne

Ironvolt E Soldering iron req ing only six Storage battery is easily mac Them Je the cen rom roa Maxhlghi bat tery,16 aleaving the fetal cap" in'p.ace, “Grind or fle Tower end of the carbon and salder a lengt paint the Tated may’wirebe ‘tomounted the brasson cap. For convent bonConneet ld electric solide the carbon electrode to one post of battery the‘lean plece joint,beingapply Soldered to others wsing battery ring carbon flux, Eomtiet with Work, draw backas hile, and apply ‘solder Soon af arc has heated: work,

scope

een

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1428

Making High Frequency Oudin and Tesla Coils

PisHL ROUEN gratify their ambition.

br RL BRITIN, Popular Mechanies, 1925 cate ve ny drawing, ‘The wooden the are madedisks,to asft shown into the in ends fof the secondary; the bottom disk is Screwed to the base, and theto topaccommo: one is

the through tothe"A ball leading rod center brassattached date iedis thethen tube. the to Sind from aat. neatthePine is made sap for theh coil hole. the brass Phonograp fecord; "the. take to Eenter'being enlarged and small holes b od, ing’ driedfor at“the opposite small points d wood serews Foundchea fasten uied to disk. ‘which theare wooden t'toAlmost junk yard any brass ball, the yield wil type ‘of theon metal fwiich is weed Jeommonly edateads, is preferably "The base made of hard wood, reich may "be fnished fis desired atit theis samesupand, ‘by ‘rube ported insulated firey Ber“crateh tips, which are fitted. over"wooden pcgs, one at each corner,

To make an tube, Oudin6 olla cardboard iny te neededthis foris thefysvenITsecoddary’ two orand ticewim coatsthe Sffast shee, coat’layerhas of “dried, a Hingle No, 25 mag sl-covered double net wirethe winding is wound of,In| eS Start ‘per end of thethsfrom end tube,the andfit fastening allowing Hoos end, of aboutToS 8 the Takes Baciedes Phoaterat forbrass'rod, ‘connecting withinare 1%madein, ofin thethe ‘The secondary having cen completed Tower end. Wind Salall toholes the maker’ must ind connections made,

fube at the start and finish of the windwire are ends of‘When loose WB, and the the pulled siadthrough and fastened. in. copper ribbon, which is held 10 ing has been finished, base by faur wooden cleats, as indifofoughly shellae,beforewhichproceeding. is allowed further. to dry thor= e ed; thete cleats are slatted,’ to. sepa. rate ‘the individual turns from each will destroy thousands; for the trees, and ‘you Grubs on orchardbushes,” grubs have such an objection to smoke, will iat_vory eurrant, gooseberrys and) of it makes them roll ly numerous be themselves little fometine bo sufficient up and fall off : they must {o spoil a deycrop; sticksbut andif aweedsbonfireon tho be swept up afterwards and destroyed. wthd side of the orchard, eo that minds {windwar may blow among the trees, ‘To Kill Cockroaches.— the smoke

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with helix clips at‘other, Flexible dleads, , are connected to the fiched n to one e Binding.instrumest. posts, a8 Usingindicated,a. Yiskw. to complete the tans: former and a regular single-nity olin. fmersed, from"high-tension type condenser, parks iD to. 16 in, long canbe ‘drawn from the coll, which fo connected fn cirouit as shown ia the diagram. ‘The Tesla-type coil is simple to make aed perat,of single an copie of No. secondary ‘winding layer of 28 single ed Cottonseover magnet wice over a the well Shellacked . § by I8-in, eardboard. ‘After the winding has been applied, itis each of which of shellacthoroughly” two coatsto. become given EE Mlowed ‘The wire is wound around the tabe to yetain Linpunched of eenthrough the eardbe ‘seo. small holes are BP the terminals, for drawing the through and fastening it. After the wites have been loopedare andbrought made tofastthe tobind:the tue, the ends Ing’ and. soldered. ‘The secondary tndfe posts idskstube snugly, ate turned to fit drilled the through ends of and are theie centers to receive the Sin. glase fod, oF tube, which is supported spe this. glass.in beblind Frotes inthe endpleces: obcantot glass if long? , n i 21 is port Eined, a wooden tod of the same dimen: Sone ‘will answer aswell The end blocks ‘supporting the coil are drilled at the center of fiber, their toupperthe upper edges ends to takeof Yisin, rods of which binding posts are Screwed,the a8: Secondary” shown. of i theby Nseparate. ein. brassturns ribbonof form‘Seventhe earns primary, which areoF cleats, held apartto which by meansthe ofribbon woodenis Trips, ESmtened with small tacks or serews, ‘The terminals of thetothe primarybasesare brought out Snd fastened ‘of binding the posts, “which ‘rooden base om ‘areshort elevated posts of from. hued rubs evr hber. Similar Aber edposts,£9 fastened tovone of the cet ape support the primary, and t Keep i properly space ‘with! relation to. the “secondary. Yoon parte of the tnstrument are Themade From Ynyellowthe davvingy pine. to. andthe finished dimensions town with "Ther wire, cleee parte, asphatturn black trois de bindingback and posts, forth and.shrowgh the Secondary regulate th af spark tea ma Tnteresting experiments With currentsny of high frequency can be The cirperformed without diftculty.. a coil of this kind i used nit in which type of condenser as Fequiresshownthe ia same the witing diagram of the that Ouida coil. A teacupful of well-bruised plaster of Paris, mixed with double the quantity of oatmeal, to which a little sugar may be added, although this last-named insgredient ‘is not essential. Strew it on ‘te floor, or in the chinks where they frequent.

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FINGER MATHEMATICS Popular Mechanics, 1913 By Charan

All machinists waesouldmathematics, Ask a:imchinst what be the product, to times 8 chang end is thesealyfiguresreply e would ite but eta, thd say 40 fimer 48 andthe chances treflute tat instead of plying st oncepache to gue st who By ungas anythe to following tneod in jist tell aa glance what 09 ave ab ily9 times $. You your wil far beyond hostTn sangwine expectations. the fet mombering, begin.palmby holding sour hands. with’ the tomart deon bedy and makeand imaginary ‘numbers the thumbs fingers1, follows? ‘Thumbs, Gy fit Sngers, fecond ger, 10,8; thindSupposefingersyou 3desire and fourth finger tomultipy by, ptthe theeghth ngerof fnthe oneotherHandhandazuiet ninth ager a shown,

two jened he Singers ‘heabove them Hngers (calling adthe al thumbs fingers) ae called the upper fingers and tach has a valve of ten which tena aro faded. rs All the fingers below the joined are termed the tech of the lower lower fingers fingers, repre fents a unit salve of one. ‘The air of the onitson plied by tho oneram handof theshouldunitsbe onmultiethe Uther hand, The total tens added to will give the prod. {his lst named sum Referring "Thus: desired, tetpieture or to your hgnds we to above {ens on the left hand and fourfindtensthreeon the ight, which would be 70. We alae find two units on the lft hand and one

1429

athe rit, ‘ue ime oe ato troy andof8 20tines plus 9.2 equals 72, o the product Supposing 6 times 6 were the :figures. Pat jour thumbs togethers thereare to flogers above, so the to thumbs rep recent. two tensor 205_below tho thumbs are four units on each hand, which ‘would be 16, and 20" plas 16 ‘equals 36, othe produet of 6 times 6, 7 is desired, Put theSupposing litle ger10 oftimesthe left Aba hand, against theglancefst youAger of the right hand see teen {ens or 1 0 , fhe ght hand you have three units andOn oning thgiveslettyounoting. "hee times nothe ing 70: nothing and 20 plus noth: numtering, or numbers shoveTa the"Id,secondrenumler fingers; thumbs, 15 frst fingers, your.12, ete. Lek tu miply 12 hy 18 at together tips of the fingers Inbeled 12. At thea glance seo four tens oF 40. At this pont youwe leave roethod explained in Case 1 and ignorethe theWe gounits (lower fingers). altogether back to the upper fingers again ad multiply the nam-fine hand ofby upper gers sel on thethe onenumber ier of upper fingers used on the other Thand,vizy 4, Adding 40-40 ves2 times us 44,2 equals ‘We now add 100 (Ueeanse:mnsthing over 10 times 10 ould wake over 100) and ‘we have Td, the product of 12 times 12 ‘The alton bing sip Ht ofanven100 tnis ariteary, but Still if we wishy we iiight nga th four upper fingors i the above example 28 four twenties, oF $0, and the si tens, or 60; then Tower relumingfingersto. asthe hx upper and tuullplying the two on the fingers right hand by the two on the lft we would have 4% hence 0 plas 60 pa § equals 135 hump adding and.the etter the rulethe ofquicker iereore sum is much method ‘Above 10 times 10 the lamp sum to alive 15 times 151 8 200; sul hore is 201005times want 25,10 400, ete, ley am20,high400;ap 25you times e Tm the third to multph lore 15 renumbernumbering your flgers, ning the tombe with 16, fiat beg. ager

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(2 Times

117, and so on. Oppose the proper finger tips as before, the upper fingers repre renting a valle of 20. Proceed as in the frst mumbering and add 200, Take for example 18 times 18, ‘At a glance wo see six twenties plas 2 ils on Tt hand tines 2 units om right hand plus 200 equals 324. ‘In the fourth numbering the fingers are marked, thumbs, 21, first fingers

2lelng ete,0." the Proowed valu of asthe inup er the fagere numbering, adding 400 insteedofsecond 100.

Above 25 times 25 the upper fingers represent a value of 30 cach and after proceeding as in the thinl numbering GOO instead of 200, ‘You"Thisadd system ean be carried as high ‘as you want 40 go, but you must ree nber that for iigures endins in 1, 2,34 and 5 proceed as in the second numbering. For figures ending in 6, 45,8, 9 and 10 the third numbering ap: plies Determine the value of the upper fingers whether they represent tens,

Awentics thirties, fortog oF en whnt. For1 ect any fo. fan 35, ‘be‘the 30,sale of thoie upper ng ‘would which the halfway point between the oftwo.the Ses In 8 Erne Si the value upper fingers sould be 80.two (thefives,halfway pint be Ibvaon the 13 and Bs, being 80).Tos Andthreethe lump sm to to arenember: thigs Which isto son’ follow, orwhether theunbering; one munbering decribed in thind te value which the upper fingers have; and, lastly, the lump sum toa lB accurately ale tnethan iy" fasterandy and more

Fok eter dremel of before OOK

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1430

THE MAKING OF MATCHES Matches are free in this country to people who smoke. You can buy a carton ‘£50 books of 20 matches each, or 1000 for only 30e. A box of Diamond wooden kitehen matches costs 30¢ also. Matches come in many different boxes, lengths and materials. Few people even regard th cost, they are so cheap and common. Then rette lighters. Most smokers either buy throwaway lighters or a few packages of metal “fints” and a can of ind maybe a few wicks and are seemingly set for life. Electr stoves are usually lit by ‘stove's pilot light can raise a kitehen's temperature as much as five degrees, which makes it hot in summer and is not needed for heat in winter. Besides, the lot light accounts for half the gas burned in the kitchen stove. Turn it off and use matches.) ‘The above is to show how Americans are almost unconscious of making fire. The following story is an example of how what wwe take for granted was once a major problem about 150 years ago. The deseription of pre-match days and ‘sweatshop match manufacture might give you an idea of how it will be after the trash when a book of matches might be worth an egg or two in barter. ILLUSTRATIONS OF CHEAPNESS.

shivering bas obtained a ight from the watch this of theCheapoesn, beginningftwof outratesexesthis ofantique se tuations ‘machinery action. through the vious sage of is pro. ‘Tho tnderbox and made the thesteelonehad:as heething cular. ‘The tinman madethe {ieter saucepan, with hammer and. sears was forgedBirmingham; at the great andmetalhappylatores of Shetield'und for the purchaser it were cometting betat than arid pice of ron, very eacomtabie to fe nearont chalk quar y soppied the fic” ‘The The domeate macuactare of to toder veas a serie afin. Ar dv secs, ‘en ithe th prenises were wie damp, esting selwho rise from Kitchen, to those rere ot inimato wih the process suggested Tout whether the house wero ore Br. “Te bos lien rag was peradicaly bray itsenaabesdoposite in the tama bon, préwed ih lv gy oe wile the tata ‘hop was almost ashamed off The mesdicant ‘was the oiversal match-sller. The gel who Tod the blind beggar bud invariably basketof ratches. In the day they wore vendors of fnatcher—in the otesiog: manufacturers. On the floor of the hovel ai two oF three squalid een, spliting deal with «commen knife ‘matron is watching pipki upon a slow “The fomes which it gives forth ae binding as the brimstone is ligating. Lite bu es of split deal are ready to be dipped, three for four at a time, When the peanyworth af wed’ up, when the eaplal is ex 1S over. In tho sam

HARPER'S MAGAZINE June 1850 OME eweny years go tho races of ob taining fire, In every in. England, ‘wih fee exception, was as house rade, tnd as tucerain, ab the efort of thea8 laborious, Indian to Draduce a flame by the fi ion of two dey years ago Chemistry discovered ks thatboatthe twenty tnder-box might be abolished. But "The nightlamp and the ral Chemistry sot about its with eopecial the comparatively laxurious. In tho bedrooms reference to the wants andfonction tho means of the ofthe eottager, the artisan, and th small trades: ich few. In the samo ‘nay the fit printed fan, the infant at its mother’s side too eter books were designed to a great Tesemawoke, like Milton's nightingale, darling”— blanco to mansicripts, and have thowe wealthy bt that noetarsal mato” was something dior. class were lane looked to asthe ofthe parchasrs nt from "harmoniods numbers” The mother ‘ho sill initations, Tho fst chemialight-ot ‘as soon on her feet; the frend tnder-box ‘producer was a complexand ornamental casket, ‘was click; notMorea od at a guica. Ina Sear er so, cero werd park dulytells sought. pen the Click, sullen lick, Mackness.” Drety portable cases of «pial and matches, ‘pully doce the Mit py the sympathetic ste ‘hich ennsiastic young hotsekeepers regarded ‘The room is bright with the radiant shower, 15 the cheapest of all teases at ive hiling. Bot the chill fir onough vith the operas By-and.by the ligh-box was sald as low as 8 io, is inpatient at its tediouaness and shoats shiling. Tho fre rovoltion vas slowly ap. Lillparkthe dosmotherits oleh i ratio. nder AC lenge one hacky proaching. The old dynasty of tinder-box in alight. Now Babel its preemiefo the a shart whe for the match. It wil pot burn. “A” gentle jtchen an garret,infrm-hodee an cottage, Trea is wafed into the murky box; the face At length some bold adventrer saw that il thot lees oter the tinder is fn a glow. Ane few chomieal discovery might bo employed fo ‘tier match, and other, and another They the production of largo article of trade-—th freDragerall damp. "soarsand8 matches in themsslves the vehicles of fie with: or to; ‘Thethe toil-wora baby is father deexorable; ‘ut aid of spark and inde, mightbe manufac. tho misery is only eaded when the goodman {red upon the factory system—tat the bumbles hiss gone tothe sttet door, and afer loeg inthe land might have «ow and indispensable

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cant st the vr owt i of cha tht west_psphore, fan tality itforsryupon oxygensaw tthe emer igh (cin nd Yul igute sup which required’ amuchtigi Higher temp to ure erators boone infr nblethos Tanking the phosph do t h e wort of thewhenold tinder w i t h for gretor certs ; er emis found at eboofrt polshto byrodgos sight fricdon might be exploe d so\as conbastins andationsmight bo suey raswed!beste ntd ‘Sime combin sig . ‘pon scety thathod‘canno sare te teasredby ite whokiv e former Keowee ‘t n ed ans em r same call wcfers, ssof io Congr e, of hntove icon, and an advano in cifantintango

ae mi ht morn gio ti epee Gapronrepeth ong coer eee Scots Son Senciser aesaber a Eee errs HomaeeSa Soest Saree cree ct reine ae Eeoeoraa ore ore eens ital aoe Cao se eases Sena cm mune Sess Bee pee ees Soe Sle mec Rhea iare meses Spas tte Stet era! Teva ee coi ans boeenes i cio peenre aeree Same ee tree daa tah attr edt nit codon Sp ict St SoSe cesses Sorted Sircuatisne cnet Sse ere Sess Soros Sie dita rie twee Tee eee ee pivots bree Soren Saarinen: pare ng er Boylsat oes catia Pia ene gies vosSiecoaia mea sacha Eesuaecenedkaae gerien ota ce pices Senta aa mite erases

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1431 ho slits metered adbrng to eckay ooae by bcd means ross‘The aholcle price per dazen boxes of the Tibetan dosing. A boy sting’ onthe Boo, wih a best matches is rousrencx, ofthe second gual=

ne etre Br,on thsondippedthe endratestl theywithbee& for ofa mallet Come theroeghly oseed Ine ndtstdango matches {Sepeti.pooas of‘Thy riprdippng buteposphors ow toor bechert plungedof ato parton of pote Sshvatcordog othe gealy ofthe match he Poptore tho pal noses fey Ubeina. ctlorate rodsees ofAerpoushhs thapletion shy erasing oftheate Hore {nihamablesolstace te matches epee ‘ated a d i d oak “Poooaply ed, Sey aesunny gathered op nla at bso he sre ay takenwil oth boys whe cut them; for thond rear bare bseted thn th bales have been dipped at eachi sane ed. "There ar ow tgs more ferartalo acrares tan th extesricary api of ti Gating’ poco aad that which ccnected srt. Tho ighboy stands efoe a taney the Ben nt Bd whithpl of a pe empy boxes on his lef, haveths been mane ‘ttred at another divin of estaba Itintnent. hinThese boxe are fred of seal-beard, ses of woud, planed o ele af Spink.” ‘Theton fuelconstie marl ofincewesnes fodtoutchespaees " I e of an hon a to, whieh th mache wro aged, fd of an otter cas, open a each ee ine bosal ahs he machen he, treone‘hichoy.”wo theft bn ut,_A bundle he opened) empty heboxesezcslel«forbp te, ithe knowing by log Hab, Ihe required berinto exscnes utethe hem rp naar of fame, kroks ends etenyhe together, cones them with a strap which tihtens wih knohs foo and coe nn tee tere with on Teverage: ng, whieh henge ton with'e-sucog the halves he Fearing orereackend othe fame} be grasps the Tete foto and hrs i into & ll open box, whichwithbe thelstntly ces, ad repeals tha frocesn matches i on peril hie get wih han. This sere of movements reply unexamped; orae Ineu isand way,06 twhowardhundredalmost hound matches hoses filed n'a day by ne ey, at thowage of anes tre talfpeuc pr grosup afandwoes eck doven hen poperel they avereaiy rth rete.” The mnie of boc lyfe at th factory 6 fom By to Say Chicago Tribune, Sunday, April 9, 1978

Underground living gets out many takers WHILE ADVOCATES OF méergound ercitectre have nereased recent years, the public still largely opposed to the idea of below the surface of the

“Thre are ters go Jyorinial towns." 'Tho while business {hil confined tothe supply fd imeliate neighbor a byhe themetople takers; fo the rand cari refs London to fee uve tho ata which is considered dangerous is'tvasit Bt wo most ot therefore ume tha teen poplan coma te Ineeopolian matcher. “Taking the population SCupmand af 08th ase Sous at about twottemillon hundred thousandof It fndeavor to estimate the dtibaon these Tilo artsles of dent omfre [At the manatatory at Wisker’s Gardens there aro iy tomo aoven thoosnd to Indra boxes,bande, raed whichot wildaly proce made seven om {seo hundred Iondedhondced and twentyworkingthousand matches Takingtae three days ithe year ‘vil give for onoof matches factory, to-snnaly handedor twoand mil sinc {con ilins ions onea boxhundred andhundredsixty tates thoasandfer bese being of on every individual o f tho enon popslaton But hereaco ae{stinaed ten other© predic Lucier about manafatrin, which four cannot or Bre times ax many more. "TLondon cra abot tea mlions of Luelor boxer annually, which sould faktied be atthe ome.rate of "Londo, thiny-treeperhapsfoxes de>to eh tmands a tied ofthethea supplythe anna for Ke eal ows con Sumption nd a forhatseachsoldathous haley, is cighspenceand those evreging penny. thosecost ‘Tho ianautorer sll thi deserted, ate, produced vith such onre as we b a v e t one Inrthing nod faction po box

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 fare one orto remarkable pint, which deserve Tt ise law of this manufheture that the demand is greater ia tho sormer than in the ‘wintor, Tho oid snatch rake, 8 oa ‘mentioned, was idle in the summer——without fire for heating tho brimstone—or engaged in ‘nore profitable fieldwork. "A worthy woman, ‘who onco kept a chandler’ shop ina illage, informs us that ia summer she oold buy ne ruatches for retail, but was obliged to make them for her customers. The iooressed ame mer demand for the Lucifer Matches shows thatthe great consumption is among the masses ihe laboring poplation-—those who make up ‘ho vast majority of tho contributors fof customs and excise. In the housesto fdatiesthe ‘wealthy there is iways fio; in the houses of the poor, fro ia summer is'a needless boty expense. Then comer Match to ‘supply tho want; to lightthethoLucifer candi to lok in tho dark cupbosrd—to light the aertoon to boil the kettle. Te in now unnecessary Bieto un tothe neighbor fora light of, aa a despere fate resource, 49 work atthe tindersox. The Lacie Matches sometimes fall, but thoy cost Tilo end 0 they are fteely used, even by the poorest. And this involves another great priaeple, ‘The demand for tho Leifer continuous, fori is perishableMatcharticle. m always The Alemarid never ceases. "Every match barat ‘mands a new match to supply is place, Thisde‘continuity of demand the supply always ‘equal 10 the demand. renders ‘The peooliar ature of the‘took;commodity prevents any accumulation its combustible character—reqitig theof Simple ageney of fietion to iguita it—renders it dangerous for lrge quantities of tosakesbo kept in one place. Thereforethe n0article for store, but all fr immediate saleone The average pric, therefore, must always yield poi, oF tho production’ woald altogether ease. "But these esootal qualities li profit. Tho manufacturers not be. ‘without. seeret processes ex eanmonopoly. The contest isto obini the largest prot by eco: nomical management. (aired in tho laborers, aad‘The theamount of ail we. Which makes fingers sot the pression of roschines, limit the aumberwithcf laborer, and pre ‘ont thet impoverishment. Every condition this cheapness is natoral and beneficial ree of ofthe las that govern production, 1

Aan thus, orth retail expeaditare of three farthings per month, every house ia London, from the highest tothe lowest, may sacar the inestimable Hesing of constant fir at al xan song, and at all hours. London bays this for fen thousand pounds snaually "The excesive cheapness is produced by the exteason ofthe demand, enforcing the factory Avision of labor and the most exact saving Inateria. ‘Tho’ scientiio discovery was the foundation of tho cheapnoss. But connected with tis general prizciplo of cheapness, there rather than on top of it, according libraries, schools and office build. {o an articlo in the April issueof ings.

the AIA. Journal, The Journal 1s published by the American TastiSap‘Theof fear Aestleee of being underground

seems to be the main obstacle to ‘underground architecture, the arti cle, says. The feeling persists, it fs, despite th fac that underround buildings, in many wa and habitable ‘are more attractive than their counterparts ab ground, especially the above: Surface structures which are windowless. “Hundreds of recently.comy below-grade bulldings — houses,

—' admit natural ght and views through courtyards, ekylghta and windows," the article says. MOST OF THE RECENT interest

srre eeenet sc Sanuge e nna cen. ae tee pat a iteSteg

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1432 Bicycle Grinding Outfit with Many Original Features By JOHN ANSON FORD. Popular Mechanics, 1925 with the rear wheel, when the rear ngsniouson tact a particle 1 contuctng fffon thethe bieyele isstand. raisedprovided ffom theforground Sling out, which #2 mounted mak special d emancipate has westeracr S vigjeer ‘outli stable. The frietion| fimselt {tom Indoor shop work, and’ pro-

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘ends there by hooks, thus formingand a fastened rigid support. ‘The manner in. which, this important feature of the device folds up parallel £0 the frame, without interfering with the operator when he is traveling, 1 shown, the second photograph,

meantman=of mself with a n'apractical’ Tied hinood congenial htning.alivetI Ure of“satisfactory. the rear hes,meansand of s0 driving providesthea any person equipmenttoolsis auchcam a8 make Sheholing see Nery ced to with uildinglevating wheel, the“Therear stand, orbieyete frame, from for litle or no dtu. ofthe the ground and supporting both the burt and about its operator, consists of {vo rods, § ft long, whieh are Hinged t0°atheblocksaddles fastened"these"just uns demeath are Spread. ous, and thelr ends. thrase ito the ground, when ‘outhit is to be used, the grinding

aggre Neat ‘The equipment, a illustrated in is origthe inal several with the photographs, builder, who worked up his own design. "It consists of fh oak frame that forms a table on which ‘a fine-grained emery wheet, for knife and tool grof the grinding ‘mounted. "The removed, ordinary arbor wheel was and a bieyele hub substituted, to insure ‘even, easy running. A small sprocket on the this hub sprocket, casries a also chain,mounted whieh uns sideoverof another fon a bicycle hub; thisis brought is fittedintowithcon~a Friction wheel, which Plaguel’

two chains each sideoneof tothethemachine areTofastened, Fear of the frame, at the hub, and the other at the upper end ‘of the front fork, ‘When the supporting Fods have been put into position, the chains are stretched taut to the lower

LOOKING FOR one more thing to worry about? Read “Plague!” by Charles T. Gregg (Scribner's, $12.50). Plague, Gregg writes, is stil "a lurking threat to humanity everywhere." One of his frightening conclusions is that terrorists could easily grow plague bacteria and launch a devastating attack. Gregg traces the history of plague from anclent times to the present, citing the many wars responsible for epidemics. Included is an excellent chapter on plague outbreaks during the Vietnam War. The United States provoked the disease in Southeast Asia, Gregg claims, through its defoliation program. ‘which drove piague-carrying rodents from thelr natural habitats into refugee camps and city slums. ‘A problem with Grege’s information Is that there is too much of it. He documents, symptom by gruesome symptom, ‘numerous cases of plague, when one or two examples would have sufficed. Also, his language is often too technical, making some chapters resemble a sclence textbook. Emily Dwass

whieh andne 2 buffer mount Scratch ed-on a brash,third bievele at He center, a offre-an upon jswhich, hub, means shown BY. clearly motinted, wel tion’ djustable frame, which is jn'the lower photograph on thisdownpage,to ese wheels an be brought Inake Contact with the grinding. whee), SoWithout that polishing and cleaning eam'be done the operator changing his. posi:to tion. A level ts mounted on the table fable the owner tosmallsetupvise,hispivoted machine(0 Sceurscely, while = ne corer of oilstone. the stand, When e weednot toin hold ine-grained use, theConvenient vie is swungholdersaround out of the way, arewrenches providedand onan the {able for two socket oil fan,Sttachedotherjusttoolsunderneath being carried in a case the waterto ean; Wich is drovided vithwater 2 petcock drip onte the whe Erinding ‘Theits whole “outhie cost maker shout $35, monthsto ofComplete. hisana'two spare ‘Thetime total ‘weight of the wheel nd its attachment iz about 80 iby and write thiswheel,is a'ather Heavy ie hardhas not been found To"when manage, "exceptthe “eatesing Dutht up teandroomdownia Stirs te whieh Wis thie kept. difieTo overcome’ culty a counterSeeight “and. pulley rigged theup in the corner of the haveporch.been When to. the’of thecounte Tope. rweighfet. isaIs biyel, at the front Fobked fastened very easy matter to move the outht Up oF down the steps.

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heeping Your Bicycle Fit By GILBERT RAE SONBERGH Popular Science, 1948 HORTAGES gasolineonceand more rubberto have turned ofAmeriea tor eauentiaifun, teasaportation BBe'bicycieas beatthful of ‘Thousands swell fen and women have found cycling.» Plesswsable sport, a dependable means ofexerelse neither Eetimvel, {oo mild ania gor tooformstrenvousa revival foftaina youthful that bidsfor fairmanyto its adult:Interest popularity year“Ts.remendous potential mileage is built {nto the modern bieyele: yours shou render trouble-free servicecaredalmost Gefaitely ila properly the few parts that wear out for are andreplaced. adequate regular maintenance mist‘An include leaning,program ling. ‘nd adjuatment every 200 miles every ‘month, whichever interval end Brst_ ‘The pedal, whec, erase, and Head be few dropsbraleeof piven be should Ings ght motor ol . Ir the coaster ‘lps, of Kerosene {he oll runcup a tnfewthe drops rear bub and spin into the ‘wheel a few times by hand. Follow with {2tL,drop oF two-0 more-~of light motor0 Don't so thin neving-machine "Teat the spokes shen making your perlodical inspection. Any Io0ee ones (Wrench thet however, ts the nipples ta warp the vim.the ‘Take care, not to ‘wheels out of line. Rotate ench, noting ‘whether in the forkeoF ima canthebe rimtruedrune bytretightening loosening alternate spokes, but) all taut wheat should be Il sreasonably ‘spokes through. You're often Bert leave Spoke adjustment to a bleyele to repair Inspect the chain, “master” replacing: orwealtsnapor links with damaged fnthrowinks.the A rider chain aodbreakdamage on the road can the rear wheel Kerosene,assembly. remove With grit unda ntidet brush from andthe WHAT TO DO EVERY 200 MILES

Coon off dirt hackck cote roteweek stninks, chon for Gift sheen of cn tela beatae oot rn Hooring fork boos he Examine whosls for looto spokes ‘Check height of saddle ond brondle bare

ea; then run oll along the sidepiates of cach link. When like will work collect freely, wipe fm excess oll; toothe much grit, ‘vhieh will eventually work tnto Internal Dearing ‘Aa Idealsurfaces. method of lubrication isto worke small amounts the insideon the link Bearings and. rubof ollatickinto graphite sprocket tecth' willand.not chain "Stick ‘raphite alone sufice, roller, ag it cannot Deaing surfaces, Penetrato’ tothe Invide satisfactory. quite s however, Oil It alone, the chain is very gritty with 1d remove 4€ and goal ie or in caked Kerosene, into anthe ollolfbath,haa Working dip it until ‘Thed forth And penetratedft backthe Flees.fore Wipe of the theexcesschain, sight slong replacing the sprockets, to ace whether they are in ligament, f sprocket tecth are badly worn, the sprockets should be replaced, particular. Iya new theebanchainfa toandbe adjust inatalied.it by turn. "Replace ing the long, aquare-headed serew that bears ‘against the axle. With the top of theno chain taut, the lower half should eag than #4". Turn the crank slowly, feelingmorethe chain to be mire there are no fight spots, for

to mako mure it tracks property, Bearingand cones the ube, Pedal, regularcrank hanger, head inabould be checked lyDing.for fre runningto without binding or wobAttention bearings pays dividends In long vervice. ‘The rear-whee! adjustmieDt cone side. If duat grit ishavealways workedon theinto left« bearing, placeandIt with axle vertical,revolving back offthe thepartcone,slowlyand pour itsin Kerosene, other end. unt the dit is Srashed out at theinclude ade mould check 200mlle "he. justing and tightening the aaddle, all nut and belts, and the handle bara, ‘The tip of on or alightty behind a saddle ahouldline bethrough the pervendicular the center of the eranushatt, andallowsthe seat post to.clamped atthea eight that the heel touch pedal at Its lowest polnt bara should be of the standard Aat-topHandle type and an wide as the rider's shoulders, and the rubber {rips must beto bring cemented frmly.levelAdjust the handle bars the gripe with saddle. ‘The rider will then lean forward theat ©the pedals slight angle, most of his weight being oa and eaddle, ‘To help keep dirt out of the bearings, the frame should laoof automobile be cleaned atwax thesell200-mlle ‘mark. A coat Keeping it clean. ‘Wipe plated parta Withad al13 metal bikepolish.should be taken chain. andSightsprockets placed. again withmay thehavechainto in beplacere-_olledOncerag,a oryearuse your .

STEERINGih HEAD.tention For parodza! abo cle

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apart completely. If used dally, tor tong & {ipa ia rata,overhaul or on dusty or muddy roads, FRONT WHEEL. To ramove heal, simpy leon the le nuts ‘semlanntal Is advisable (oe rove thr if there ik 6 mod lated fac Unscrew ho Hoe of lla ‘Every abatt, come, and bearing should be Br therd} wey,and thei ba-bering tnoroughly cleaned’ oFIn petroleum kerosene, Jelly repacked ated th Sith Might grease

Ansembled, and adjusted, Lay out in order ‘or chinbel you remove them a0 post that cenall bepartaput aaback in is original tion.“Gonater Replacebracesany runt badly beworntaeparts. pat with tment care, Lay out al parts ina rowordera Yyouremove them, noting Bot only the Se removal but also the way each faces. Ree Placing any part incorrectly will emult a Faulty and bedbe checked wear. every few "Tie operation ludation sould aye Toebikesnarrow shoe-and-tube tires on ‘modern carry 50 to 60 Ibe. pressure eit ie vot marked on the sidewall, consult wears forlikehallaundern Nothing dealer. Your Woo, Examine tires dally bite of stone or glass in the tread. Inner or tubes anaretutbe patched ike automobile siptps y wrench, thenin Pook not to pinen beading or tubea, tubes butwhenbe fet i rm Won igang y withrn 0 spacil irc cil all hen 0 can res Single-tube removing. ft theNenionches, sereremoveide thethe wheal i vocerig the ie coaster bream then Pe Pca 6 02 with com. be"punclure-prooted" ARs forse the isa a Ap meats ad ieee fal & commercial molasoes Urpound. be mllacked they oFahould othe vimleave your bike outside ‘Never or honey dew, Doa't ride vain peroon on it. Jumping inother walls breakon theyourtre coaster urbe may depend Dont Tong alone Buti Youinstaldescend brake often, an extra hills brake. in FYthe caliper in. tlore o with romorel vhost Frontovhee! heat territe develops tion way sock aces, t brake it you use fe for prolonged Ear et ‘while. ‘This usually costs on ‘few dollars aad brake “Jamming on” the periods, oxen"To calculate the gear, multiply the mum ive tre Avold wear.« bike, tor, a “tightwelght® Tf you buy The newget “Victory of teeth in the Inrge #procket by the bikes” are ver meter, td pedaling. aay aches, byof Uhethe number Fear Wheel, and eaulpped ‘vide the inproduct fly Tbe 35 about. ligutweghta’ of teeth cated than‘oct a ‘To aeleck the proper frame size, taketo Your ‘wooden inthe small sprocket, You can change the hee! crotch from meamsrement leg inti of about ‘the using ora diferent to gear ratioandby adding: ‘Th should correspond fd rubtract 0". setepost same thickness as the Sprocket removing’ sereen One #10 crank fom mast, {hehangertengthto topofthebar. fend of‘the’the screen is tasked toframes" the frame, ‘alee‘And thenowchainyou StkBow Now to select a good| Snd block The’ie placed. ines atdownth “Care should befo exercised io wel determining bike and take care of It; but do you Know] Opposite end sercen t e laid a, Your alo eat she oterboththe block, and, placing the thumbs tothe ikeleastHt toeffort? get the ‘There greatestie only pleasure take gearitong "64."from.This"64"Dumto Drow Men strength. Sf hands on with one "54" from women Sar the ex a the’ edge, and. the withside theoftheTest feameof theoF wheel {rck-—pedailng. ‘Takeof thea tipfootfromsquarely of inches in ameter the le ber fingers. isesring down ‘on‘palling the ‘block, the traveling in one revolution the datanceof thethe perts: the ballpower through more thacof Tater Keep exert dravin ‘back, the tread the: wie revolution one with travel wotid ike by tilting each foo with it) When the peoper tension ‘has Dedain. expression the toprevolution of the stroke, down near th teen obtained) i fs Meld Ben theThe pedals were datesoo afromlargethefroatdays Uphalfnearof each hand dea vie tacky diven wthwith theone. others past pedals the pushing Uhh ‘whee. A High gear means, therefore, lest ‘insteadthe ofknees merelyin, letting them couste {his operation is repeated. as. neces greater effort; low geet, dee ‘vets Keep Dut Dedaling parallel to the ttt "Theshouldwire be haelatd been applied The Mrablo in" nly country, greater smoothness, speed, ant fereen Stace anyleverage will be bar. Thewill resulting on's tle oF other iafor Strfuce in order to provide 8 support surprise you, filam fnaide ‘the coaster brake In worth over the block,

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1435

Soapmaking

at Home

‘THE AMATEUR MECHANIC England, 1920 wl bs completed in tnty. four Maxy amateur mechanics will consider cpecation The soap maywire.”then Daring be turnedsspo out that soap making is certainly not within bars. cut up w i t h a their province, and may question. the fd wisdom of including ‘this chapter in. a feation, the. temperature rises sponta: general treatise on handicrafts ; but the ‘ously’ 0 about 16 = Editor hus had so many requests from Making Hard Scap in Quantity — plant required Tor the manutectare amateurs for information and definite ‘Tig firsthand instruction on the subject that of” cold process” soaps ona larger acal, he has thought it desirable to present. that is, up to about Tewt,, const of & cconeise chapter on the subject from the fo eating he fat or hie pepe pen of an experienced chemist, ments: A icing vat yl also be neces: MAKING COLD PROCESS SOAP ‘This consists of lage wooden ‘This method is the only one suitable Tub or half barrel, to which is Stted a for making soap at home, the utensil ftiring gear composed of a vetien of gequired being simple and few in number. ‘wooden ms fixed to @ central pece of ‘The best fats to use are kitehen fat, with food made up of to pices of hollow more oF les coeoanut il and entonsed Jrood and bolted toa vertical iron spindle, Making. a Small Quantity of Hard Soap. Hoe naling fewpuna i Inge owlpa tornly Keatingapparatus the oan requiredathena for a wooden wooden spatalatox forfo siring, anda mixing. linac ach a proportions may be used in ‘Themakingfollowing 0} Ibe ofgood hard oap !() Cottonseed iL 3 1 h fcuntio soda I Ib., , and“cocoanut water ony3 pt, 3 ThOF @) Kitchen fat 2"1, cosoanut of 2 th ottonsee Sater 3 pt oi Ih, eauitie soda 1 tb, nd ‘The fats should be heated to about 130° to 140° in(althetemperatures pan, and thenmentioned poored into the bow! in thin chapter are Fabrentet), ‘The out ol sould be dialed nthe Water, the temperature of the lye bei tout the temperstare ofthe fat ha 60".falen When to about 190°slowly” the iye theshouldfat bebringpoured into ie very constantly agitated with the stiver, 0 that the lye becomes perfectly incor porated with i t , If any Of the i e {othe bitom ofthe bw, wi bdfalls cult to gets to mix aubmequently ; there fore care ie required this Point. the: “Theutmosttemperature of the mixture Frould twow 105° or above 180", ‘The mouldnot be should now and be prepared byit wetting a . cotton cloth, placing Inside the wooden box, so sa to\cover the whole of the inside,” ‘The mixture of fat fnd poured in and the bhTye should. covered then“The be esponicaton at a theo Tow temperature takes place gradually adit contents Should be cohevered monldup and kept inheat8 roomthe fof about 40" to 808, at which

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 36° B, andof thein amount is exactly half iherequire weight fatlye thus 100 bof fat 60 Ib, of 14'0 per cent. of causticthissods,being "Theequalsodato in the toa inn ox and they ae consequently ra ine the’ aly ferine and Impurities are alo retained. ‘The following example iy” be taken old process, thee making quantitiesof soupe being bycalou.the fated for 100 1b. of fat oF oi, other than cocoanut: or fl, (2)100 Fora ib, cause fede lye 80 Iby(1) Fat at 26°.” white turd toap 50 1. of lard, 50 Ib. of beet tallow, 50 ib of caste sods freah Ive at Ge Tw. After mixing, air in 8 Ib. of Water and pour into frames, soapMaking may be Mottied mede by Soap.—A.mtied the cold proces by employing 7 I b , of cocoanut 8 1B, of cottonseed stearin Thews offand a r o heated {in a jecketed pan to 70" in summer, of 5" in winter, then run into a mixer, and 4crutehed Ib, of cold soda Iyei ofthen65° Te. in, Thecausticmixtare Tan {nto moulds, and ultramarin or red oxide ofp modwith ite tee {nto the soep by meats of @natrow sheet {ron frame, leaving it in wavy linen ‘The ‘moulds allowed to rest aruntilthenthe covered soap isup, fullyand formed. ‘The alkali inthis soup i in considerable com, oo that it wil be #atrong cloner Maicingof shaving ShavingsoapsSoap. bInthe mann: facture y the cold process, a certainproportion of the sodas sometimes by.solublepotashand increases oe this Tenders the soap more itslathering The following three examplespropertica, of this kind: (0) Talloware O'Tb, 1 Ib, eaustievoda Ivo 44h, cocoanut at72" Te,oilcaustic;potash av 72'Tw. Q) Tallow ? lby avdiye 1 Ibe 51, cocoanut 2 Tb, cnusticsode lye ak Ge 'tw., oil‘causticspotash 12 Tb. oilst 60° Tw.” (2) Tallow 84 Thylye cocoanut 18 Wb, cauntiesoda caustic potash Iye 125lye 42Ib. lnat at60° 71°Tw.Tw. soape made by the cold process contain"Theexces of eausti impure the alkall used, and theeda,whole of tho rom gly. cerine produced by the decomposition the fat hence they cannot be regerdadof ty any meana as pure

‘The oplndie rovolvas la a boating ta tho cronepicce the top,of andthe invatethe Ttsey i plate at theat bottom Tansed to revolve by two bevel woes aod 22 horizontal to whichto ithove s attached hand-driven spindle, vival similar used on. wringiog. machines, “The crow-pitee ibcachhold site,in poniuon during vee ‘withby lugscoreat wich, interfock, Tugs on the outside of the vat, hus prevent it moving. when the Binder are br otion, “The heated tne’ mixer fromfat should the pan,be delivered and. the intoive fun in slowly from. 2 lye tank fitted ath for regulating mupnly.a tuboDungend thecock addition of the theIve the" paddles should” be. kept constantly moving, 80 that the‘The mixing Teetly Complete, mixed mayfat andbe Berive js run off fom a valve at the bottom of the{homise moulds re made in piss, the take the sides, which are serewed or bated tegether, while the top is a plain piece stsoapwood’sticking simplyto laidthe on,mouldsTo prevent S it uauslthe AISTENT fofonp lie hasthemset with hard,a wet the cloth, cover i| When removed Cleaned by Vacuum Cleaner fd he sides are rained, leaving the block Clothes Popular Mechanies, 1925 ofSlowing soup on tothedrybottom of the mould, After for a day or two in the By using the forvacuum-cleaner attachcleaning the upholfi, the soap can’ be cut into bare by Stery ment intended ‘cans of 9 ofthinsonprmnking steel wire iu hts tated with of2 furniture, gar minimum lothing of troubleean beThecleaned Denalles ments are laid out flat on a table and gone with hydrometer, of which to kinds, ‘over several times; the result ae much the the Twaddel ore Beaumé in awe,” (B)The andrelations betreen (Pw), Geos more satisfactory than brushing— 8on testo are fly wet ut later grave page ‘The Tye used ie strong, usually about

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Ihit

Is

Walking

Wirst-Aid

Campi pach wtaosof ineSnbaidthe rant inthe photo

of theat theproblems of waradministering M ANY Mt ald s c e n e of attackswithof industrial accents are lessened thdthac aideas ofthis nursesaround Mat worm as'afrontbackwherepaceIe be swing to te itilabiesserve With as a haody instrument and medicine the front fap tnbuttoned. and hnglog down, bandages, renaings, stmulanta, find accetories are at hand fataid in easlyinstruments accessibleandcompartne by Mirathe as designed Tne ht wcher pockets,Campigia, Tine nurse for ‘Arerafe Company, t0 mest needs revealed by three full bullt aroundcompartments Bog andverticalfap aredirtprotected epin,

Station

Doctor von and8 foanur mabl, mayi t ‘

fre pulled throug slots #0 that none but that fa the and pockets Loopsflashlight, touted. used onis the {orbs peal, forbold flap and Font eps, elasors, and the like, nypodermie nee bottles of wabs, fnorphinestimulants, eye ointment,standard-size alcoRel, and castor oll that can be used covering bottleor ith forid water coffee,felt “Two horizontal mull-type are accessible the baciand ofare thelargebag enough pockets From the onoutside to bold ‘uch items aa splints and a isvacuum bottle used for the en tireHeavy, lat withserviceable pockets andduckfap lined with eotton made along convenof webbing ofls two "The onal harness lines, coomisting shoulder straps ‘anda clneh stra

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A Miniature Cement Plant Popular Mechanies, 1919 By MORTON SOUTHARD FOR many years geologists searched called Portland cement, as it was made for a subst could be and limestone molded into anyancesize which and form, and Frog isPortl“disco very. partly solved. the would have the hardness of rock. As problem of arti rock making, but a matter of fact it was found that lime- fot wholly, for ciak the makes’ will ‘stone was composed of carbonic-acid break, peel, and crackbest witho ut the gas, clay, and lime, and that when slightest cause and when least. ex. great heat was applied the sealing bond pected, and besides ts dark-gray color was disrupted and the rock re- nd rough appearance is unetiractive, duced to a powder. When this was powde r Much progress has been made with was placed in cement for inte: water the gas was ASBESTOS ROOF, Pio" decorations set free So fast and that it made the finest many”marblesof the are

waterweer, boll or The eal now f rock, ined s fenown as lime ‘This action dem-

closely" imitated, This grade of cemen t. will not weather and its use is. confined onstrated that nawholl y’ to interior ture used heat and Work A White moisture in form= fere nt uch ing these mateesired and man rials into rock. offactuthe large manu Knowing that ters maintain clay contained labor atori es where silica, and that expe rime nts are silica’ “furnished carri ed on con: the sealing quality Stantly in the enof rocks, experirien mt deavor “to Mi pro ments were made duce it, to reverse the "To bui ld a mini der ofthis rock formation, and ee- ature cement plant, first secur e ‘ment was produced. Equal portions of cient common brick to make a suffi lime and clay were mixed together and nace with an inside cavity, 20 in, squarfur-e stirred until all parts were and 24 in. high, Two sides and one ‘mingled, and then the mixturethoroughly was subwall are built up, sealing the jected to a very high heat, after which back brick with mortar, clay, or cement the resulting mass

was ground to a powder. When this powder was mixed with water, instead of the gases passing off as they did in the lime, they penetrated the clayease andof the the mixture became hard. This was frst

‘The bottom is covered’ with bricks standing on edge, and so placed that they will be about 34 in. apart, to serve as a grate. The top is then covered with a piec of tin, or asbes a hole is cut in its center totos,receiand ve a

SPPSEESH ASIPLE MOLE TRAP $HG-S-hG-GPopular Mechanics, 1925, A cheap and effective mole trap can be Ot scent. They the two, cans in the made from two empty tin cans. With with the caref blindul ‘ends touching 2it pene, atthe of ach can a burrow Cover up the hole tomoleexcludtravers e the: is held in place by only 14 in, of tin, Tight and await results. The “springy, be shoutd i condition t ‘Which’press i slightly’ inveard ing the runway in either divection,artives and. t partlyg lik.open ean and pushes on past ‘To set the trap, carefully remove the atthe ihe yieldin "Om finding no ove at ‘arth from the mole run, taking paine to the bln t so ack ut Drevent the hands feom contact with the whereupon ‘comesattemp agsinst the’ e”springy foil for the mole is suspictous and keen Tid Which’ prevents its escap

Pipe, about, "This3 in. in diameter, for a Enimin ey. “chimn eythe "should be about 18 in. high. ‘Build front wal haltway up by laying the brick loosely togeti erh sothe taterevicthe re will get the ait throug es,placethen cover the ate with kindling , coalition well Stitsa nd start the Aer When tinder way,one place afewof the fair-sized lumps ofetelimest on top fire laying and commthe the wal tothe top by Erick cal a0 closel possible.to Use Sut y2s atleas cient to burn t itll hours.cut ‘When the fire has bumsed and nt thewallfurnacande has cooled, remove the take outofthethelimest burned Timest one, Some paris one Will be mixed with the coa, but most Of it wil remain in the lump, which is known as “blac

lime,” and when it is waterkit will give off gas very Obtai n some fire ‘cughly mix equal portionsclayof andime thor and clay, then place the mixture ina onepiece made of pressed tin oF sheet fron, pan, as a " sold ered -bottom pan will come apart with the heat, Build up the front of the furna ce as befor fire and place the pan on thee, firebuildand2 let it owt.” When the fare hace hasburncooleitself d, remo ‘out the pan, and pulveverizethe thefron,misstakein thein water pan.” Wien this powder is placed it will become hard, If some Sand or grave is mixed with it, and the ‘mortar thus lforme d is spread out over a flat surface, a minia Wall wil be the resulture t.) cement side. Cat-and-Bells Scarecrow Popular Mechanics, 1919 A scarecrow resembling a living animal is often more effective than other devices, and the

catand-bells ar. ran Sitowngement sketch was infoundthe especial! so.fat was "the hide ofa stretched oxer a holl Frame. and ow suse pended by a cord fom. a large weat her vane, Seve hel were ral attac hed the cord, andto ‘when the’ vane Phifts in the Wind, iment ofthethe move: lingof the bells combinehideto andfrightheten ratt the Bird s

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ROY EO AO A Atay Pickling.—There are three jethodsof pickling; the most simple ismerely to put the article into cold vinegar. 'The strongest pickling vineBarat whits wino shoul always bo Used for pickles; and for white pickles, use distilled vinegar. This method may be recommended for all such vegetables as, being hot themsclver, do not require tho addition of spice, and such as do not require to be softened by heat, as capsioums, chili, nasturtiums, button‘onions, radish-pods, horseradish, garlic and shalots. Half fill the jars. with best vinegar, fill them up with the vegetables, and tie down immediately with bladder and leather. One advantago of this plan is that those who gow moturtiums,radish-pod, and 6 forth, in their own gardens, may gather ‘them’from dayto day, when they are exactly of the proper growth. They are very much better if pickled quite fresh, dad all of 8 sizc, whichean scarcely bo obtained if they be pickled all at tho same time, ‘The onions should be dropped in the vinegar as fast as peeled ; this secures their colour. ‘The horeeradish should be scraped a little outside, and cut up in rounds half an inch deep. ‘The Second Method of Piok~

boil the vince, for if 0 is strength Yell evaporate. ‘Put tho vinegarand into s jar, bung it down tightly, dora bladder over,and Int ie atand on the hob or on a trivet by the side of the

fire for threo or four days; shake it well threo or four times a day. ‘This method may be applied to gherkins French beans, cabbage, brocoli, cauli flowers, onions, and so forth, ‘Tho Third Method of PickYing is when the vegetables aro in ‘greater or less degree done over the fire. ‘Walnuts, artichokes, artichoke and beetroots aro done thus, andbottoms some ‘times onions and cauliftowers, French Beans.—Tho best sort for this purpose are white runners They are very large, long beans, but should be gathered quite young, before they are hhalf-grown ; they may be done.in tho same way as deseribed 1 first method. Onions.—Onions should bo chosen about the size of marbles: the

1438

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ROLE REVERSAL AND SURVIVAL

by Kurt Saxon n ‘The breakdow of civilization will doom millions who are locked into the artificial roles created for men and women. Women who will not or cannot who will not or shoot predators and looters will die with their families. Men ‘cannot care for children, cook, organize a home, will, on the death or ilinessof their mates, doom themselves and thelr children TV shows where women For as long as | can remember, I've seen movies and ent were cast as helpless dummies and men as incompet louts. A man will be attacked by a mugger or forest animal and the woman with him ,will just stand there and scream. There might be a gun on the ground, or a stick but she just screams. For years, TV situation comedies have shown men as helpless in the face of the simplest household problems. Without a shopping list made out by his if any, of what wife, a man will buy more of what is not really needed and little, g, thin ly is. When the wife gets home from a fami visit or some the house is a ‘mess, the children are filthy and hungry and the husband is drunk in front of the TV, watching football ‘This sort of foolishness Is okay for an occasional movie or TV show, but itis, constant and has reinforced the artificial roles imposed on men and women by ‘each other. The man's natural role as protector Is legitimate.al But ify he is overpowered, the woman with him should attack their mutu enem with whatever comes to hand, even if she has to kick, punch and bit The husband should, in cases of the absence or iliness of the wife, be able to.care for the children and home, at least well enough to keep things in orded,r g as woman's work Is sstupi until her return, Fora man to think of homemakin on linked. {a8 is anyone who believes the majority of social occupaaretisexWall started with Nature Imposing a system which worked very well until brains developed to the point where logic became more efficient than ies, Nature made most of the instinet, Throughout the various animal spec med whel and impregnated, in case they d over be ler coul les they so smal fema r mal g. were unwillin Their small size also made them dependent on the large g. youn by down , tied ially were they for food and protection espec when ‘Nature imposed several limitations on the male, which makes any ideas of hhis superiority over females ridiculous. Nature 'made the male a stud, a providerand a protector, period. Without the fulfillment of these functiong,s, or and youn the who helped protect the leader's female at least a camp follower g ing past puberty, youn the s, s. help upon stud hles the Even wort male was le, ely ndab were entir expe so most Furthermore, one good male could service any number of females, ler and simp tion was func males were expendable anyway. Also, ssince their er. ve t le outli migh fema their lives more dangerous, their litespan were short A several mates. le the ‘Nature didn't care. Nature, usually referred to as “She”, gave the fema sie Intelligence and ‘concerned with the survival of the species, This whole system worked well enough when females were plant gatherers ‘and males were hunters, wandering around in family or small clan units. But as females evolved agriculture and thus created more settled conditions, mal began exercising arbitrary authority. twas all right for them to rule females when they were wanderers. Afterall, ‘more about the territory and Its dangers than the females could. Therefore, thelr judgement was superior. But when the clans became more settled, the natural superiority of the females would have, in many cases, caused the males to be driven out after thelr usefulness was over. So the maies invented religions. ‘The males who still hunted and learned to plant and harvest and served as warriors were useful to the tribe so they still had a place while they were fit. Those who had women, knew their place and were tolerated. But those who were old and worthless had to have a hold over the women so they could stay alive. ‘The first religions were magic spolls to inoure fertility. The women bought this nonsense because they knew that once they stopped bearing children,

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silyer-skinnod sort are tho best. Pre1 brine, and put them intoit hot lt them remain ono or two days, then drain them, and when quite dry, put them into clean, dry jars, and cover them with hot pickle, in every quart of which has been steeped ono ounco each of horseradish sliced, black pepper, all spice, and eal, with Or without mustard ‘eed,’ In all picklea the vinegar should always be two inches or more above the vegetables, as it is sure to shrink, and if the vegetables are not thoroughly immersed in picklo they will not keep. Red Cabbagé.—Chooso fino firm eabbages—the largest are not tho Dest; trim off the outside leaves ; quarter the cabbage, tako out the large stalk, slice the quarters intoa cullender, and sprinklo a litte selt between the layers ; put but a little salt—too much will spoil the colour; let it remain in the cullender till next day, shakeit well, that all the brine may run off ; put it in jars, cover it with a hot pickle composed of black pepper and allspice, of each an ounce, ginger pounded, horseradish lie, and salt,of each half an ‘ounce, toevery quart of vinegar (steeped as above directed); two capsicums may be added to a quart, or one drachm of cayenne,

Garlio andpickled Shalots.—Garlc andway shalots nny bo stm as caeneolons, Mangoss inthe and Long Cucumbers may al ebould be donenotin beto much sane manner. Melons tore than halfgrown ; eveumbers fll frown, ut not overgrown, Cut off theof rind, top, which but leaveis toit serve hangingasa bybingoa itto boxelidy with and a marrow-apoon seowith fatal the seas, fl the fruit qual pang of ioustard sted; ground orand.Hourtwoof’ ormustard pepe ofand theginger, Tnated seed threeens lovee of garlic. ‘Tho lid which Clee the spicerami” may be visewed dha down arti t1d,hroug then, theaftrcucumber and throughth tying it together, extol theSilk ends The dreted piekle nnyfor bocusurtors, prepared tho opices frnearer with thoresemblance following, tothe svhich, Indian bears tnethod each of quart of vinegar PutPederoulTo four muster, cary bailed coger, farmer, halone EnGrachny ounce allof eae, yenne pepper lang gesfil ribbed ofarteslad together’ oallan l sbalotswith two unc, vineget tho in spice the steep flced fi tale detedy and put the vege>

1429 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 they would also be worthless, and therefore be driven out to die. Later, the fertility religions extended to the fertility of the plants and the livestock. This ‘sucked the men in, since if the magic worked, they would have more food with less work. ‘The idea that men invented the first gods, rather than women, is sound becauseit takes leisure to invent. Primitive women with children and a mate to care for had little leisure to be spent in contemplation. Also, since they were already fulfilled, they would have had little incentive to petition unseen forces for more drudgery Old and barren females wouldn't have invented gods, since the people would have demanded their own success as proof before accepting their fertility gods. But since the useless old men weren't expected to bear children, they could con women who were supposedly past childbearing into believing that an otherwise unexpected pregnancy was the gift of the old man's god, ‘As such religions became established, old women could stay alive by serving the gods. So itis evident that religion was invented by doomed males ‘and maintained by hopeful females and useless old crones. The above is not my theory. It runs all through the books on archaeology which describe fertility religions. Such books also describe hunting gods, undoubtedly invented by old men who couldn’t hunt, for younger men who had well exhausted the game in their territory. pretty ‘As people leamed where babies came from, the effect of seasons and weather on crops, and the animals became domesticated, the old men just enlarged their gods. Also, they gave them a sex change and made them male. Of course, many of the true female fertility gods, such as Isis, hung in there pretty big for awhile. But most of them were reduced to haunting small temples officiated by losers. ‘As societies grew and surplus populations developed, the losers were ripe tor ideas of male gods helping them in their wars of conquest. So priesthoods thrived, serving the gods of every nation, increasingly male and also Increasingly anti-fernale. Famales became increasingly inferior, fit only for childbearing, and the more children, the better. Farmhands, builders and warriors were wanted. Sons. Sons. Sons. Since sons were the most valued social commodity, women were not to concern themselves with thinking. Wis not really surprising that women went along with all this. Basically conservative, they supported any system which seemed to work. And it did work. For as they bore sons, they were respected and cared for. The luckier ‘ones, those whose husbands were rich farmers, builders and officers, were showered with jewels and finery. Even those women not so lucky wanted sons to work the land beside their husbands and to care for them in their old age. This has resulted in the terrible ‘surplus population in the Third World. By the 19th Century, developments in agriculture, industry and weaponry, ‘really decreased the need for sons. But the pattern had been set. Even though ‘only a small percentage of the male population was required for agriculture, Industry or war, women kept bearing more children than their families needed tocontinue their lines. The surplus farm workers drifted to the cities, adding to an already glutted work force. Wages plummeted. Slums evolved where crime increased. Strikes, flots and other social troubles continued to rise along with the birthrate of the useless. The middle class men, mainly secretaries, sales clorks, office workers and those holding many other positions considered women’s work today, saw the working woman asa threat. They dreaded the possibility of being replaced and having to seek brute labor and getting their hands dirty. ‘Since 18th Century women had no organization and so trickled into the male work force, they were easily intimidated. Rather than let a whole office full of male workers become upset at the hiring of a woman, and since it was to his, financial advantage, the boss paid her halt for the same job. ‘Adding to the working woman's disadvantages in securing gainful employment outside of domestic service, was the silliness, frivollty and fashionmadness of her sisters. 19th Century writers were quick to point out these negative traits to them. This is shown by the excerpts from the “People’s Reference Book", 1892, following this editorial. These traits which held women back were parily natural and partly socially Imposed role playing,

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tables into it hot. Broooli or Couliflowers— Choose such as are firm, and of full sie; et vay all tho leds, and pre the stalk; pul away the flowers by Sana, rnp ein a. day, the ‘wipe them dry, and put them into Hot piekde or merely ings for three days three ounces of curry powder in every quart of vinegar. ‘Walnuts.—Be particular in obtaining them exactly at the proper season ; if they go beyond tho middle of July, there is danger of their becom ing hard und woody. Steep them a week in brine. If they are wanted to bo soon ready for use, prick them with a. pin, or run a larding-pin several fines through tem; bot Hf they are not wanted in haste, this method had deter be left alone. Put them into a kettle of brine, and give them a gentle simmer, then drain them on a Sieve, and lay them on fish drainers (or what’ is equally good, the cover of a ‘wicker hamper), in an airy place, until they become black; then make a Piklo ‘ o f vinegar, edding to every juaxt, black pepper one ounce, ginger, Sialote, salt and mustard seed, one ounce ‘each. Most pickle vinegar, when the vegetables are used, mer be tumed to use, walnut. pickle is particular; boil it'up, allowing to each ‘quart, four or six anchovies chopy small, and a large tablespoonful of shaTots, also chopped. Let it stand a for days, till it is quite clear, then pour and bottle. ie isan extllent stare sauce for hashes, fish, and various other ig Beotroots.—Boil or bake them gently until they aro ncarly done; aecording to the size of the root they will require from an hour and a half to two hhours ; drain them, and when they begin to coo pecl’ and cut in slices half an inch thick, then put them into and a pickle composed of black pepperginger allspice, of each one ounce; salt, of pounded, horseradish sliced, and of gun e v e r y , to Each nl anone vinegar, steeped. ‘Two capsicums may to's quart, or one drachm of Terndded cayenne. Artichokes. — Gather young artichokes ax soon as formed; throw them into oiling brine, and let them bell two minutes; denn them; when cold and ary, put them in jars, anc cover wath vsepar, prepared & method ‘he thind, but the only epices employed should be ginger, mace, and nutmeg. ‘Artichoke Bottoms.—Select full-grown artichokes and boil them ;

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1440 ‘The entlty which inhabits your body, you, is neither male nor female. Never thas been; never will be. But the body it uses as a vehicle for locomotion and absorption of experience is a biological male or female animal, with all the in‘tinct of an animal. It is the entity itself, you, which determines superiority, not the sex of your vehicle. Tho animal instinct of the female body dictates that it attract a male and is the ideas and fashions reproduce. This is the natural role. The Imposed role dictated by the times. Both natural and social roles can be overridden by reason and logic and, when necessary, people who override their natural and socially imposed rolés, usually become successful. If they can't escape the roles, they become the Proletariat of the world. The studs and broodsows die with every civilization that falts. which ‘Cultural aavancement evolved as women overrode their natural and imposed roles and entered the work areas formerly restricted to men. By the time ‘women took over the offices, middle class men had educated themselves to {qualify for higher positions in management, science, medicine, etc. More and ‘more useless babies were born in the meantime, so there were always more job seekers than jobs. Thus women continue to be opposed or underpaid In labor and the professions to this day. Mt women would recognize their natural roles, yet educate themselves properly, they could successfully compete for any suitable job without losing their femininity. Too many excellent women have mistakenly chosen careers ‘over motherhood. They could have both and be far more fulfilled. The ideal situation would be for women to marry the best men available and have two or ‘three children while in their late teens. Then, when their children were six or seven, the mothers would still have pienty of time to fit themselves for the highest professions they could aspire to. ‘Whereas the female has the natural role of child bearer, the male has the natural role of protector. The only jobs | would discourage women from would. be those of combat personnel, police and firemen. Strength and size Is the ‘prime determinant. However, | would encourage combat training for home and even the National Guard. Resentment towards women in career roles as protectors Is partly due to the male's deep seated revulsion toward scarred females. A while back, | saw cute little Linda Purl play a West Point plebe. Despite her character's efforts, | didn't cheer her success. A battle-scarred male may be sexy to women. But imagine Linda Purl coming home from war with a breast shot off, an artificial leg due to a land mine and an eye patch because of a bit of shrapnal. Hardly turn on. But aside from this, socially Imposed roles should elther be dropped or experimentally reversed as survival training. Ws too late for the majority. There Just Isn't time, Women Activists have wasted too much time quibbling over women’s rights, instead of fighting their competitors, the brainless broodsows flooding the world with useless children. This surplus, itself, causes the competition. As long as there are ‘more people than jobs, women will always have to take second place at lower pay.‘The answer to sexual discrimination as well as unemployment and nearly every other evil in our society, leading to its death, Is the enforced sterilization Of Inferiors. But in no point of human history has enforced birth control of trash been practiced consistently or effectively. Quite to the contrary, the aristocracy of Roman womanhood left childbearing to the Proletariat. They ‘were the equivalent of our welfare recipients. No wonder Rome fell. During the following Dark Ages, the better people were either enlisted into the Church as priests or nuns, thereby removing them from the gene pool, or burned at the stake as witches. The lowest classes were allowed to breed iike rats and lived as serfs or were conscripted into the armies as foot support for the knights and nobility. The latter were largely illiterate but the best of them were wasted in stupid crusades and feudal wars. By the time of the Renaissance, largely brought about by the Protestant revolt against the suppressive Catholic Church, thinking men were allowed to express themselves. Up till then, few women were literate and Renaissance ‘man devoted himselt to long neglected science. By the time of the Industrial Revolution, women and children were recognized only as drudges in sweatshops, factories and mills, doing mad

BACKYARD CRUSHER

Light Globes Make Ornamental Vases Popular Mechanies, 1925 fom one of the new milk-ahite elec Hamp bulbs asactive litle ower

A tree stump, pole held down by stones or a tree with a supple branch ‘ean supply you with a erusher for grain, glass or anything you might want to pulverize in large quantities. A cirele of quarter-inch steel nailed to the bottom of the wooden plunger should make ita tool of great usefulness and power. THE CENT "URY MAGAZINE, January 1884

ment a un Va vases are easily made, The neck of the Iball with'a file, or glass cute ter, andis seratehed the brass tip removed by gently tapping The flame from toreh is it, directed against the lobe until the glass is red-hot, when the edge into tool any made of a byvariety. Shapes is byformed a forming drivingof ‘nail of the into'a head, wooden as shown,handleAfter and.thecutting. edge ftas been formed, and the glass has allowed. to. cool slowly, the. flamebeenis directed bottom wich is fattenedagainst after thethe rounded glass becomes sufi ciently: heated. ‘The fevulting. vases ‘omamented a$ desired with oil paintsare

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1538 MUD IS USED TO BUILD MODERN LOW-COST HOUSES Popular Science December 1996

dawn to form dorehe wal. The phate a the

Costrorranie homes made of mud have by Government. eng just hers heen near completed Birmingham, Als., as an ex ment in low-cost housing. Simple in desi and easy to construct, the houses. were frected on concrete ' foundations "and roofed with insulating fearth excavated on the materials. spot. was Damp mixed with sind and shale, dumped into wooden forms erected on the foundations, and amped. down into solid walls seventeen, inches thick. "The rammedLrarth walls ef

INSECTS SHOW COLOR PREFERENCE Popular Science Monthly, October 1983

“Tra insectsfor cent ike people, haveee themarkedde yeterencs Every of Pr erms, Universi ofina California entomologist . Pacingto Aythemtocage where they mere free var of mosgutoes diferent coor, Be ound Windows ‘sltomarsh especially partial to Bluegreen ight; variety. while violet fight lured the Treshowater Red speattractAyesmanyuevllynight-ying andGis, yellow Due, prefer day while the’Prof. tests"Hermsshow.has Applying his findings’ taps, electric devised with’ colored lamps to attract the insets

fectively block out heat and cold, and are strong cnough to withstand pressures as freat_as twenty tons {0 the Square foot, Because the materials are cheap, the tools simple, and the construction process easy {o learn, mud houses are expected to prove popular with home builders, esTo convince in rural pecially that Duilders earthensections, houses are durable, fengineers point out that some of the oldest buildings in the country are made of rammed €3

FruitPicking Pole with Gravity Delivery Chute Popular Mechanics, 1919 fruit without. bruising ition t, Forin thepicking home garden, oF for exh purposes, the frutplcking pole shown itis the sketeh wsefol. ABredwireto Ting i s the top.and of thethe pote, bag suspended from ity theis pole fase tened to atfruitintervals, The i s removed bysing means ofdropsthe and. tothe thechute,bottomwhichaf {stheldhand,closedFor bypicking large quantities the of fruit receptacle fe carried by the picker. Feeding Geese in a Poultry Yard

Having four geese in a yard with chickens, I found that the’ chickens ‘would not allow the geese to pick up the food. To feed the geese I placed the corn in the bottom of a pan and filled it. with water. ‘The geese will easily pick up the corn from under the water, where the chickens would not attempt to touch it

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1539 SURVIVOR

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4

Index

Amonia Gun... Angie Bender. anti-christ Ts Come, Band Sav Countershaél 1482 Barn, Toys. T1535 Beekeeping. 1452 Bench, Simple... 1496 Bicycle Grinding outeit...1432 Bicycle, Keeping Fit! 1433 Binding Magazines. 1498 Boat, Paddle Wheel. 1527 Boot Soles, Waterproof ing-1416 Butter, Bad, Improving, ...1472 Cannon, Electric... « 1534 Cannon, Gass.se.0 1532 Cannon, Toys. e+. 1523, Casting Lead Soidiers.....1532 Casting, Plaster & Conont,1502 Castings, Snall Metal.....1406 Cement Plant, Mineature...1437 Cherry Seedersssssseseeer 1501 Chickens for Everyon 1447 Chimey Fire Extinguisher.1482 Cleaning Clothes with Vacuum 1435, Cockroaches, Killings++++.1428 Corn Meat, Gritted 1465 Corn Shelier...++ 1466 Gorn Strippers... s+ 1473 Crusher, Backyard. 1537 Dextrine Adhesives: 1492 Dish Scraper... 1478 Doll House..sssse 1524 Dwarf Plants. 1472 Eggshell Flowerpots.. 1404 1472 Preserving. Eggs, Electric Furnace: 1497 Bnanelling, Art of: 1512 Etching with Acias. 1515 Experiment with Heat, 1532 Fallout Detector, Fatigue, Baking Feed Mixer... Files & Filing.ssss Finger Mathnatics. First Aid Kit... Fisk Lure from Teaspoon. Fish Skinner. Flute from Pumpkin Staik. 11531 Fly Trap.

Forgings Formulas for Saie'é Barteri424

Fruit Buds, Protecting. ...1422 Bruit PACKET. sseesserreees1538 Fuel From 1404 Gas Plant, Paper MiniaPulp. ture, ...+.1495 Geese, Feeding. i538 Generator, Wind-briven....1414 Glass, Cleaining Paint from 1424 Goats for survivar 1466 1403, Grasshopper Grass on Roof.Catcher... {tas Greenhouse, 1930.0000101.21443 Grubs, Destrying in orchards 1428 Hand Car, Boys. 1101532 Herbs, Drying. 121470 Hoist, Simple 1426 Hotbeds, Electric. 1aaa House from Mud 1358 Téeas, Good... + 1475 Insect Electrocuter.. 1479 Insects and Color. ++++4.-1538 Insects in Birdeages, 1521 Sheepshankes..+r++.+1427 Knot, Cultured Foods) 463 Lactic AciaAccurate. 1516 Layouts, Lazy Tongs Guide cutter. ..1482 ++.++2++1506 Leaded Glass Work.Emergenc y.1402 Device, Lifting Lightbutb Vases...+e+e+ + 13537 Man-Of-War Toy. Match, Lighting Matches, Making Metalcraft Tool Metal Cutting Shear. Mildew, Preventing on Trees 1472 1423 Mink Pail Carrier... Milk Pail Strainer......5:1423 1437 Nole Trap.++ Mushroom Beds, Artificiais1a71 Nicotine Spraying Solutionl417 Night Shooting Ald $1403, O41, Uses foresseerseeee Optical Titusions...1 Packing for Moving Paint Bucket Hook, Painting Around Windows... Pearl Finish, Synthetic. ..1511 Peephole Cabinet. .+++..0++1521 Peneil Sharpener, Use for.1478 Periscope, Toy. 1522 Pickling. Pillows from Cattaii ‘bown.1402

Plague... ieee +1432 Plane, Models sssceeeseese01533 Playground, Backyard. 11111528 Purpkin with Facess+sss+e1478 ta25 Rattlers, Preparing Skins.1418 Role Reversal & Survival, :1438 Sail for Wagons eeeeeeeeee 1521 Scarecrow teesegegi4a? Screen, Noodle for Repairing 1478 Sereen Wire, Applying... .1434 Scroll Sav, Honenade. +++ +1501 Sewing Cabinet, Chitd's.. 1534 Shop Motors, Overhauling. .1519 Siphon Support. «sssseeeees]475 Sheetproof with Castor 0111482 Soapmaking at Homesrs++4, 1435, Soldering Iron, 6 Voit DC.1427 Soldering, Soft. +. 483 Spectroscope, Amateurs:...1427 Sprouting seeetegsess146d Steel Tape Reaches into bottie 1482 Step-tadder, Making. +1488 Stove Wood Carrier.:++++:41423 Survival Phinking..+c2+¢441402 Survival Workshops. ..+1+¢61484 Technology for Survival.,:1498 ‘Tesia Coils. 11428 Tire Flower Beds..+.s.00061425 ‘Tissue Paper Prevents woths 1425, Toads for Gardens... 1472 Toy Making. ‘Transplanting Too! ‘Trees, Keeping Straight...1473 ‘Turning Metal Parts....+++1493 Underground Living.s:s164.1431 vice, Carpenter's. .....+1-1500 Ventriliquism, Secrets 62-1413 Ventriliquist*s Dunmy..s..1410 Waterproofing Shoes. t1a27 Weaving, Rag Strips 1481 Weeding Forceps. 1496 Well Pump. iaet 11417 Wire Splicing Tool. 21477 Motoreeeeseeee Wind Wondergraph: 11528 $1515 Workshop, Compacts+

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Chambers’ Enc yclupaedia 1891 Continued from page 1401 strontium (syn. Sr, dyad, atomic weight, e750 Io Sct dual Sad metal, colour” somewhatWhenlarderheatedthan tnTeed,the ndsit et4thalleable epale yellow Bulne ith’ crimson Bame, and becomes con:

Eee a ete ea Sa oii, eeTefe Ialcaae hotanriaebn en e c Sr n AS a a CS t ne S ti he EI Fr atom oun 170 ner Stroin,

W'sofknown FortanWiliam); me and agosulphavs fn ‘homineral Celene Tes obtained voli, decompyition of the chlorite o ernby

rel upon ib

js found in beautiful rhombic prisms in Sill Nitrate of 'Strontia, Si(NOs}y, teparates from ‘hot concentrated solution in latge colourless tran pent nahydrous octahedral. erytala whieh ik. foe in vater. By the addition of nitric fcld iefreely fr precipita ted fron jueous solation. ‘This alt & iowolable in aleohel it when fey fowdered 'communicates {hefateoholieandtamemixed bentwit ful{titred orerimson colour,t0

By ‘glting dango,spoutancoualy. and has The falta of ntontlaIn bn whieh nay‘ oat ‘water ryntals containing sitat moderate equivalents ofhontwater, leaving i s expelled’ {hetat: chloride ashydrous” The chock i the bees ont from ‘whic the’ metal ‘hae’ hitherto” shined Sirontia was discovered as an independent sub stance almoct simltancouny by Hope bantu aad Klspued foth in 178 In 1807 Davy obitined Strontium in a pure tateMatthienwen and fiom" ibsucceadet wassheirnot iaoxen,tll procuring 1885butthatnokpereciy Bateen end pare ‘pocimenn af the meta Strychnine, » yisonoas named oer from geting tres a ding, i othe Strycines ‘ux given Voniea,to’ iteso allel from the nate Nuk. Vomion seats, the. source of suvelpine "The tree and its soods a deceit at Nex Vonties,

Jecual) andsoluble Jomloruy, sacelyrectifel cluesprittn wate, bat vertible into tartare acid, and conversely. in boiling in ether, fan ehlorfonn,saintion, ‘Pave splot aes forms wih {t's ducolourless

; precleRu sett toes sees nome Coes ee eee pletely eer cee ee aeea epeeie a eee Tarra tse cee, asia, eg rp oc remaio otha eer sty et tem ies Scrat aclapeaier iia

Hatedfonbwing foe senporatate of inteoaly 10 "or evenare power more ‘Phe rtdin toad {i{thesediaphoretica atone, ipecacu, pia hve, liner ingly” of Gn combantton ‘mmonin andthe earbonato or acetate of smeae (Eno rea ssdcmarr

‘chief active piiciple of jaboraadk On most of thee ‘substances special articles willbe found. ‘A'Tavourjte. conaiing of formula. a grain iofs, Dover's opm, adPowderagra(4.¥-,af

Fpectouaaisa in.of from. Sach fiveten tograins of the Howe powder ‘Fidei done eel ‘by‘aailysear produces drinks copiods and plenty ef Blankets inin very body eon mux vomien perspiration, and Sinine soothing’ and oeefal im many commencing inflam fretory and febriledsocomplaints, "James's:he powder {aii om, the a, ma Mia ae precee preeri. domeste in above tthe ade {f"ohten Dmint y niseular twitehings, cramps, oramtwo minute jerking movea tlonay but neither of hese medicines efould bo Hach spaan fasta one ‘hed ay, an covtinstatonof tho stem theybo ‘Slloned by a hore epi daring whi the ‘may prove dangerous; and ey should pever Tes aya conplotly beexhausted, enn eiveato very young ellen eran aight bottn able to ane, Thefaker nial genetally retunins quite‘ clear ‘Death Suet is a variety of d fatty tissue, whic place within two hots rom exhaustion; ‘aceumitiates" in"thoeonsiderable. quantity “about the fron sifocation produced by the inpocbiey of Kidneys and omentum o f several domeatic Troathing during however fe santo’a quarter" Death ofiyaya yrain occur inI imal, especialy the ox and sheep.” Boe! auoh "few minntes, extensively gved thein nate cookery,of Senn while Prepare purified the smallest fatalarvived dose much of strychnine recorded, but |tution suet under Tanger amos oecare in the Pharmecapaia, and isabdominal obtained emptying the somnac, con from the internal sintsain i adaicig Keeping terpnt an gut a ose, Sy"fTmeltingcisand attaining ttre of the odin an tal f a t s with a g r e n t proponderanee of the most the tetanic ‘old of thein”visesveati, whieh oontitates abot of isthe white, whale. soft, ‘The pure suet almost af the i theeefourths Pharmacoperia smooth, But putting the patient. des soontles sandinteiet ie fathlein a, pate 105% (304). Tebs der th Inilvenc of‘ehoroorm i probably the Beaten and cites Ihoet eflacious mode of treatment. tho ame manneras ed, to preserve potted meats, hemieal ocess similar to Fish, e. from the action of tho at. Seo Fats. aan ee i ‘o Telia the mature of the atbetaheea iguideito ich appli Wheagency ini aa are converted by the Jheat into vapane by, which i condensed inof thewaterTigard in form ‘ually the, cooing ston ‘sublimation solud hdien art reduced by heat to {he stato of vapour, whieh isrensmumes the Solid form fnsalecooling, Sublimation usually conducted fn a rset of gl or om the rot bing the eiUp er part wate, eteited inIna ee oft in'aathesolid‘oft ‘onthe wallsof a large‘climber chamber,” , fotine Tone adonis sons a in nmallbrliant pares of the ashy

nt cant in of shape,Helandcntil of ‘patie withtheat theabowesnamed tomponnt, "Onfame fighting theita ong apes, there begins to front fd sublimed sulphan. tick serpent like oily wisi continues twisting nd Ineressing in shapelengthresulting to an extraonlinary degree, sefiletate etd, desires erin amber nun. tie serpent like from the salt beng ving orgtolly found (Lat ewe Suh, “Seen nel cuts as santana ‘humd the tinfoil cones " i feltuent not only ia amber, but also in the resins s sompler sytheticalcouyotton, hypnotic nowwith largely ffIeetae many" tndof wormirood the pine tebe, iain th Teaven of the aasteSulphonal, Bt MgMy” ike and ermine ( C H , LCiSO,E Hy Yolen dom it has boen detectod in the a pecan of| Ca HN.0, stam alkaloid occuring ate and hydroose, in (antes Cervinion very ANghily soluble te oold Water For sleepless ‘Styenine, ibe gen in dosey o F the thyme gland a {OTG8 grain. but opinions die 'as'to the’ plageof 18 in crputln has 2 ee iy biter tate, clon {tnd thyroid gland of the ox.

THE SURVIVOR Vol. will ultimately take in medicine. ‘Sulphonle Aetd. See Dvzisc.

4

Sulphur ip onlems,of theyoy ntSenimportantoe of@ the septal Foiled salpior 135, vapmur aod Gol of snap aap Ter op ar of wt B00" (482) ta 22" 1040)fo’ ater tbrAt being {heIniy wnttempers of 14" eonparinon the vapor, ord i ext sa oli Ueit Yatutesy and emtInadorons lay,dn water. of sharscor Yalow colour, inelbie A pice of ZIM" sipuuy, heat toa touperstare of 39° (H15" Cases into thin yellow liquid while in owed may’ being ty” farther ‘be, dis: tle chevisslsbeing point about eat890" (480°C),

oeSat dp a aegttactTe SNUG vl seo oa omen este Pees oe Gaede ate yi eae ley etee canteatat ea Sie Ci Sheets OU Bl nas SRS Sie tala cat coacal indie tao Saas fleet sah Sac SACS SU, ere ar ratemeer amt eae ne pies Pai tcc Ratalf ora eae ieeis,ae ate canes i il ar eed amending kehet Spina faecal iroaieatie etch china raalaced GeCRO Soporte tri eis Bee eb ini thang detain a tag(Pe eae late ee Sr elaKongi HSMeSrit an eae pirat io eabectacaane Saas cosas etn sa

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 conlinay tenperatnres, and, withelena,the exception of ‘vetinderdissolved in water; of sinilar action takesald place ope of pottatum, sodin secondo the influence hydrated nitric odie hap eetin metalic oxide, "Hence alpha. turin, and mingnesiom, are Snsluie tn water {hey ‘us This ac a.guspowertal htoften, trons eop ct ly ondary relucingand oFabundant of oceneley. deoxidsingpro in wcomanen Many of those that native, and ‘ctasonaly ie exhibitsameveo"metalbrian way andve chracteriie coloursand heat Nag eon peingy ‘The Several apis, in voleante rexions. ‘cay simpy taming f‘upides n eeueralaretherehowerer, ina nulpite for each exiter” The somatic the more nue. fuse Sulphur fe sulphates, sul more aan extensively Atel manganese, {nthe form of the ‘alpten of Gut acid and powered aul ofilack” manganese being. ealphar he po: Time, magnesia, baryta, Se. Inthe Yesetable gs thown by the equation 8+ Btn, = SO, Kingdom sufi isa eonaitaent. of Afbamen tied “+ Mu. In consequence of ite sofubility in water (Gee and of the volatile fritant ile of mista, fave Eontain astatite, it in the Wes form inorenver of certain vegetable atiphaten. jueesIn Sect aime ote B a eae he 1541

cee 2Spnatiora oreo aes tates blero En ee ba

tall refine saiplae i parted by tm recat Glas cqsionn ail and onmeagSd Kept conle"Whon ihe soporisalsulphar ie eon ened large satpro climber it is obtained in the Thr af inamired flowersand ofeoleets sultson list athe wall get hot it melts wooden tthe loonfomandwhieh, "'ronwhea intocoo, eplindieal Insalds is taken out as all or’ stick wuiph. "The rerlve Tein. he fn various with sulphur of maxture a Telos fnties “Under the maine in ofveterinary Mack sulphur, oF medicine, weed itis view, Migr tent for the jurpme of dressing moulds. hops: Bulpur is throwdown from certain of palyslpiide ft com solution ofby dilate ponds (as frou solia strong am)whitey veryhydro BPealidacy in, it falls oraapotnsni fine,ab grayishMateria lore ‘Mealica the in known Fightic powders GF auiphar, oF precipitat ‘on fipnriten met. edwithaulpher. ordinaryThe

Insect, fang. a apnneacae but ite ehif consumption is in ‘igpmaladive present Ue sharasert ‘ofwhenacklscombined‘Therewith nck have’Water, this composition

fame, with «blue (249 C_) burning ack s aulpherou into converted ovaming g faines are characteris foffocatin angen ent s i h to with oxygen only T is secondcement elem ‘ hur mortin s.tsof for oer Feetit af proportion several vera often i incombines and tetale hich mostunites, the of With ent of lightreadily, and with-nand developm canes in ome And copper” bura in sulphur heat, hus, silver n as iton-wofire es power, in oxygen.rea, we flf barns or zine waty jstenee ‘spo a te Silsondequ ‘ie roup the second tid,and fourths the u cll with the oxygen of the salphuro ‘tro,f forming e of h Ineapable Iatter t rendering andthuscombustio n, burning sulphur may be fiprting

how nen pet rer ae ey pga ae rasa SSL creat antares asco Bevte Ure t aie et cine bes wie oe a ae Sone Suerte Sree ri etic se telAE saute cl etiam capeacid may’ beomcondensedto netion of colt rulphuroue

gph chanre a iemale mgr whey esting te np oft fhe narGed pve weaa mnvolncng xtc top‘The sstaels thee occ spcby ealof the resquioxieof irom are euced Fhisphirie ed HO,yeh, only formerlyknows in'a called Hyporaiphurons Acids,

Hie oblate ih omler;te Gve ay onteate UpUtserSecompored looette the tellinto former lpr and selphaross St ign ia eae Be

Feeetiadsait, “Bite ted otter salable hype: fait by thefive, sind ei mnhe super fain i i exeoly ofwee as Kermng a eon ‘doubleef auhyposolphite here, aie tiara Uromide of sodium,actaTe is thisare power of diseoli fa watae which of involuble alls of tesilverhyposolphive {howe renders soda useful in {hat mis ho ist nyt gai havin th {ver organie compounds containing sulpiar undergo cenpooke Nd sewer stagnant asin iirefaetion, ENS charge wth sulphite ii of ter and with iron om acting iy iphates Ute saiphare acIyrogen sulphate of ion ia ‘produced ‘and sulpiuretted Hberate FeS + WSO,

£25 ‘ured while ng gists tainti presence tots were rooms in Aeenished bezome their booksproduced, findthe bindings acidof eventually fibrarians by the n ofsulpharie torrecombustio property of thes goa.withFromts Spike most mets, insoluble sulphideheater Feming he msngain rg These insaluble oc reinchemist sulphides Pel nenby slutg prose one.in am Ttacidfollows athe se Somer that allaline an in onfy some then andmetal to be analysed the eoltion ecilfying Frat ertain byrogen_c ed: saphoreti the tulding: a, ale precipit ole epoved SiS On now adding eas whieh unafected. liga np been have l w rgmperent cole “eG, thers and be#0 frm tnayporent eet wil betheremoved, portion alla second metaled ean of separating rai of he gua method ‘Sorking hydro (aonprs x aig the wt, and tatthe of althe ‘devine "The simplestof tet use oflo blotting. drain fori theeulpharett the’ nit, ing Although month the a0 (water iguid considerably genau sulp 0 pete dry exert of acetateoftheof gia. The tluion fnbrown ‘‘nsdng ac gas aniltyheavier.“ in presence d e x i m taras wen ‘ibid oxygen igulphide to frm le gui with carboninflammab eobines another, acdeere pi "Balpvr ‘t ion ‘ofich onenpour clotrien, 8 Se CBq, Carbon, of tind is converted into sulphate acide. t ‘Yoaiaethan wale, and having adiagreeable cout

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Sods pout arensa in shan A” Tecatethe ueo al nanan tie Mor) gas“ Abaaethee a thaenaty ends Prem aedind Owing wiabighegine Seine Minot Uefa taetitat Ll dienes cnogeel eo inuthc r ie’ahy'ts coisel Uy hoa tantscr. Be alalions ley the irl Know Ge te along wi the vulpine perio might

coal to Ina reio fn'a porcelain tube, and (SATS

ain iy of acidsight be produce. Th ert ant Kika, 3, eombactin !

ater iS thatpeer edo dcr’ “ocknen fe S ipEC tanel a solve ues fom

a ee re ee eeybne lng! apn iar eh prs Semel se pg irs sg Heh A s a thn a sek offen ar iste Treen aur melcogal ian of vie setae oe sicpnilie Ineetmeesl Deshi settee oa

oer

Salpher combinen wth coringa hong in eoreral pr np it pe n VMelts Didlrde of Sulphur, SCly and thohe eing tho Dirt Seb, Sand fgaln ald ar Yoried WF the det fsscan'ot theeoubining cements. The chloride Yellow

new ap of Shiehen i est ‘orang

PIE a ee a cenacTRds ek ukeae EeSactar eau al iE wat ortaly osing fo ehh ety of Neath ong SORRY, ‘he Ge patiam Sigs igh"Sal

pocorn owed

| “the Het pt ap in she manufacture of a sulphate a th trang of tlal ern shel) aad In the manlatae, tint $e

Phurisaculthuaprepared acconing tthe divections aur eeattshuens ofantsthe sul monopolysipcoteen nt oeof &goverment, liqaid which is “decomposed by. contact with Bf the British Biarnacopman anny be regardedaa {He,t ‘he Sician ef

ater—eulphur, Paap hydrochloric, ahah, and other ct acide perfectly pure, presuming arsenic iv not present, F ue crease nice dered te. mde Waegeubech rong tabpherie acid has comparatively Tuite quent, ietense in price SSLIP anhar s an enay pe rea t sen "de tre ene af ivemperaane, Paco Rlesiatnow mock more ie Sasi ‘aaron “ater inte ‘employed in valeastsing indin-rubber. The del Undergoes partial decomposition ; the metal being ‘ed than eulph

KAEGP slolrpihea;r ifm by liguil starting resembling the chloritethe a deeped Fevisun compotnd mont rapeafiindie properties, ft ESciomyeecl by the suse chlosde sed fee Sherine. EE fae

qt ties and tauren me pl Pear aie rman, Husewaipes auiec: Rventlaeg tee fad ci scdstrsear ten sae iaieitiad em e Gator eae Bore sre mecca meeis (ahiOd eetSite) fermen aie Ae af Acar he Govcton of Spr fhe Plarmacapis

Grae By portion the oupharou id hich alybecomes Secomposed info oxygen att urd $eS™WAM eat cesar of ubdecpwsel eld | Op te wig ‘ngaPorto veel ed tet

Or 6 im of sulphurie acid being allowed for every eto sulphtr ection of the ie

i

lism “sheHasextemal urotf sulphe ton @ef bacet-are, “wulphoris gener: seid articleof with In the form otiend inthe been already fintmient

Gloeiery

tatvice.

itl the atmtrdets lpr ely

patetary ie epek and pooviatas yakFeSO,7H0, al eeeof 1 equiva: sae

of Repent esensetally nsPun hy= tse heat lofpftacel ssiecnatince r a avg Réow iHan b cnn of rends, eats font Ar emi ae GaSe dune Pena close devel tcomint

Jone

ripe cll “oxide, NO.

teil and Yo

ack

Tee ip

vector

oxide in iO turn

na

Serte itself into nitvie peruxile, by the

alntraction

3 esta Hihoat wnier tnteci ibe ng cheno Grongh olea Pip e theteburmese nae "Wh Hato, Sat an Usp of potetenement and ino few Jt ea fo,bo, Cire id can oy tna Toe okie spine, uch a Uns of Varia, ti atey wil tei ‘nce Moret tie

fertin lth av lon intirand bench, OQ eciatny sees of all {e'the the property of typeal ing Stand alpteof code ednota,an which pleremainsals intensely changing vegetabeacl, colours fice of baryia and niente of weter, and when barr Ey corrrive ‘. irandature sorts water anh chitin The solute sulphates’ may be geaed iy moliog he gail on carbonate! fn teal ialacd alte nak aisvoluteattacked by azothe eaity act Belpre slpintc detaeted Uy" edewileyielding, witha of saluion ofofa Spee nat, precptave sulphate SBSulpuri italeldsinact preparedby theondillation large scaleaf byeentwo distinct procesesvie falphata ofithonthe ‘aedof Vale n center: orignal and by procean the af oidaion

or

sha srmaens etd ‘which renders it inapplicable for

Tanotmemetl ateial byene ie wetay gaini ng Mebane *borme (A) t" of tnickwork , hing Bae ete im Be 9a Underoe otthes torna ofShallton,fire terme the “burner pte. Eiee a es a ie nt fine lite hich is alloced to go fut alter the hs ened Tinitedsthe mitre A ftle-abos e Graee eaten tiefithersulphur suphir small pot, pots ein Sabi tec placed an a ctad'or Ing fons the! yale Toe Rien ie Be ihe ode af the act owen of eat pot nity of either alteate

of ‘orange pel rubbed’ together—tho dove teing with the aulpharie froma ‘auc oan oe, fin a 9 ts Yo form sulphate,

‘application in the form of vapour in often of

adoption inthe presence of feign matter inUniversal the pyres the it most deleterious been being found arsenal compos aul has hitherto. practicable ta free the sulphuric aed whol fra

Sy emg the ah loti cy aia, acting ed tt The chante i too bo or fm ofeaele youn tener wi aston eon Se'gsl el las soe ns ators fyesetErfeneh, aand ny 30 WoW fee wuonel Png PORN | Cur si iatah= tan ofthe thealghanty choc gettfe gyre essen, ay whch fulis utara’ een ace i'sa whe ape Hesosoln ae concn

sulpharouaeids thnoug the ageney h of nitrous acid fun” Wirerr ee Made ‘abet a for ote of the renctions of tke nitrows comp is chiefly account and hyponitrie ack. ‘The fine process employed at Nordhavsen in Gecinany. ‘The suf. ghoudly explained,be watex lage amonnt of nites geld plnte of ton tated in earthen retorts, and Youll wotnly bat wal alse dele the acid passes o v e r into a reveiser containing & erinas' to the wighbtbunl, were stops Ti fis etal ats acl fone 4 bam seamen nt This recovery usually fusing oily guide of bout. apege 1000, "Tine SaRCyetY uot le je f e d W cid 1 chiely known usedin Yor dissolving commerceax Inigo, Novdlstsen acid, ii cine ‘Sh nltfous "The wosorad method iy that tniverally followed fx gett lof asinglo fumes chamber, lose, those Pie cea catec

sit cuars toate tortion cacrancue gm

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

1543

‘As spasargr oy fmt;iaa ower, ekeen ByBet "Hfpas

He npr edn ca sien Soria eae ge a SEEISSls cnet octet iita Efe ee Siosop benamleeeak aee Serr og Ai poor ree pao Etat eimai eine a Sey eka Seas te Rae, este eas SUG Beene eae rims fei ee eb Sn aed Esper ies Saeat eae teed oa Feige topped a ogene Septet d Spite See ee ca en ree oa ge, Bee a Eee oun ieee tenons ere area ELS epee Sco wediwans Gee Sil tote eo rr Persea. whe ermatence STviee atid ois tee! Se aan SELigs sree SR Sas vey ema 2a era oe SEAT rene A nat ecuenereas die dh

with opposite or some Pyne

Sena ee ie ieee ree ee

dimer eth atatne'san height 208 {Bek and“aati, rough andthe flowers Irom I footnodng to fet thein gintcter orate Ti ple imo of the Spat andpart fr hewn 4betng.feldcrop, theneseeds valued. food forfandomGu account aod Pl, ofyield,the (etianta Sener ‘i which t h e y . meitor, Ts tle ierior Yo bane olveil ofAn are of god land produces about ‘hy eto of ci The seedsseed areonealsobank sel Hikeytding's almonds for raking demuleent and. seething emaleons ;_and {nom perey of Earope boul ea of ‘whic te Runans thencat

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4

the andthe round entrance or ext of the needa Fou‘when.incethe

‘ed y eongeon +f 2‘dure, hoina a8 theused feed inthe fpermt fr hare py ion Sri tranefixed "hich the by” woupins Fig 5 2 ‘round , beginning uppermost, fhtend iswhichwsted, in the formwithof thethe Bure 8 a

Tannin, Fannie Aetd,tadof Prowse Ac,an iiene g trator nets gal ate ele Eomgallatannis ache ou ire nna eve andes nario fuvingent compound ‘iting inthe, tag er tosringindmatly clue tp each ater voth aged ae o greenback compos aoon ond f o peocing Tea y tl nein ana! ‘iana” heboyy aesist tani Sedine sslsele ot iesireotsemorpous ono haste X'yolwihagecladety ho'eepat sor deveoye nthe ual enin wien excel fm he Tt readily ell ‘rater an alcohol, but insoluble in eiorotoem, Tt ‘eine cn yer nn ate for relaxed thronts ns 2 gargle, or in the fora of larenge "Ava sgpte inthe iu manta meh val, ofTeeke Serie cpinl tla woud tabake any astthe raeThe gatas inet“ih hengehim provers ‘ Out the trathe of rough I have endovored to inde in peerene the part varius ite-—The Jerusteun Artichoke Ie thet Paton vet rn ge (a. belongs to this genus, ofSha tang aeh re more employed in leather making Boa Treinen and eeckiIhrdgale. de Suture(la extant em "Fanning. Ses Learn. fnrgee wen t h e y arte fn it” Part sped b e t h Aoatomsy and Stnguy.”fsrntomy sein ‘and other irtane ‘nelly te, noticed ee He uel todas the moles of cuneate ‘teenth varons bones ft erotica ESN SE terete ome Sulphuric Anhydride, 50, ie obained auilingMoanfaring:of kyNoslbasn atiphatedopetied2 in aa indentfns ‘lke the edge of te) ng alee Teas ee eearama, erytls eid Uinl reoer, of aliydroue 1 nay ‘tho be preborasada ByTe = foes Sk un) are of thi hindsWA Maulphae ‘ug wi elting nt a5" (IR Cy andot cen pos Seif nme Ue piper a cl Aicting he skin andfo oneact aiathe core seh heat ia developed it then with possosses ‘ve proper of Supt ch Sulphuric Ether. See Eruss Sulphurous Aeld. See SuieHuR, Sunflower (cinta) « gene of pants of ing the needle, withthe edges of ry {he wound shouldbe held in contact the fore finger and thumb ofthe left hands and the needle

p la deta sagesaaof h ian Rl stage iAthe Ba,San, Sue d Hoes ae Hee ti me o tteins he falenan eouupres ed, with = pappes ofr ce Slat yet Sanecae ence

should penetrate thethansurface‘haifaat ght aboutanangle}eangle anof BoShoal,(rather more pao through tTho he whole thickness ff{ho the’edge atakinof least, at each ital distance. from Uhe wound at which exch stitch should pterand akin shoud mont varymoverwithbe theTess deh oF the Wound;lego butthe there than

See fyua THE ee neta oe no direct "communication

with

LHeadiumof til ave only cet fret when these henig nee desenyel” iia

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ive for ‘Thethe: adult most sexualpart Tenis ia binds and “Blather thera ema both higher (q.:) or ysticere entinmost 2oolgiste worms? nd Tower alone Tn tis fanily recognise gly “one igen Eere’ areTania, 20Leveka "manyatre that species « it Sa y subto severntant recogniseeonve (a) oee fe Fn te the:Bothri pale head’ nd. fattened: Seala Teta

Fie 2 cBtervern ot he CLS aS ENTHaye ate ater rater st ae tes the b Uedinaly tonic that He LHP ee pea trabtogtertt without a rsliom; the *jinte a detached eddyteip

ong, and modern separate, eythe uterus throughare opening ventraf hava Ihumbers ‘enibryos. Winch the embryos eeape to aviontheseabout in waters eiiatad sd alle Usually teh satan avyFen, ore stage eta cle wn inva ie ae wo Doe the most Cigale, Wvimnopivoray REnigeten, actlyare in Bobcats iportant their sult sexoal state fro Tein Tew man! in pesasite wit in "the‘the vader. Felton pigs stage ‘worm sncivedaia or worn iginatn the 0 Btadderothers 7 fn eucwnier sei Ln soipe fi Eman peop They adin ore bcessonally inten, pal the fee also Bothroceple there (ret tnfowl.ne Moreand fete be may Uerbion) ler.worme "Heniid.Ule ver in man,that hePe most flse occur being nortan Reco hie Hee tan thes majority nceof een ihthe imain esr thnougeating {Rpeworns cao aw ofor tefuperfetly Hahig or anna fr the Moet the pasate. ot Atay worsen, thein forthe theome Bladder cnr ok a Ceca, get, tued nup WIthof ‘a fovacto ona She ates deod, the Abys: innot hebe smalluangerons—in tapeworm Lise ‘nealsegue the pasite from.toullesome, inf giving 0sdartse& Teusually but sit offowdont ‘lsesters tordistuibance digestion, cate like pana,besides less the, of, on the contrary, constipation, neurotiethestates such as nivemie ets ngnoss Tooal eg i prnsibleand unless Noveertainii e u p r observe, be o daiett c the of forhd proglottides before 2616 always he. denied tiese curetnust's anthelmintics ax teatenent wih s-whieh fasieal are in “OFexpelthesethe anthelnintie Daten! from the, Intestine pvasive to ten plncrnincopeis in theevittent is no Tack there tn with reneomablenesyBaty, pre Ubuckare'insi ‘vention fs ether thaw cure tasewinchof tarfe diflers to the eval from 8 derived,accordingIn early Tiga tek, Bae or danscheown euee itiscompas ‘iSF camuplex tier of connteres ftave nation. eiacteriatie loweue shile var¥ingi with su scony ord “When origin, thee vessels In elose estenetive1) dictation ected arete produce (2) 8 genes, inealentable ‘ere mustances varia portion ofAntler consti’ poftion Tit apd (3)iu wat. is thinkcom water,sotalde fnlable of inealies post general y called tar nfm poraon Es TSE days rood tat Ni nant for ste the sae pur

1544 ves itas isthateuployed for whichnove.the residual yitehhasderived, Row The tite come when any bint o f tar fo fookel pon satin a8set Inutier lyon Seon whieh valeable cbemteal tances atein cheohthined than as suaterial to be wed prise art woods yieldpine-wood tars of iz not$0 favtheWauttar.—Ditlerent unlike sapares "The tar feo same'aspiodeed that frommin Easope gale or ibeeahobtainedMontfromof the trooistar the Novel lr (Peng ayes but its abso got front ‘ther pines and. fom larch. Coniferoge wood of tat, while to I per cent trees rom of 14 dicotyledonous Yields the. wood of is “temp Fegions only fiom ¥ to 10 per cent obtained,of Woodie at made yc very ai pros burningtone wand ingicone-shaped piles covered.atoverof ‘HG a tt texte Ivhich justby means enoughof fs admitted to tion apertares wt th the pile ignited. ple stands on isa clay oor, ly rocees weekThe much before any tar collected, ehartoal, crade aeeie

i ke tre t Saree thet Soe et aah‘channel sloping‘ities from foor formed into e sort of eee eee Sa ieee chee atte Races See meloh sor Bee aval feta Fame or lest from the fire enters at one Eoghan neuen, eee eG eae ee nae ae Soe iegieor olele otcot pin eee ee eetry fo Boon ee rarenentener ra taeSe ateare soeSreeSree a rehome eee al presse seals Beira wood methylncetate,” aectone,spie , o inethylaleohol,” ceslaiorrl create ches oeSear ees, Soe al ee hatha Sheen are ae Se Gee en teers on cen, ie crete Sn cheap an oil of this kind war made in s0arse ecune foo pee lier are eee rr We ge fee steer wae ante mein Serer watery liquor obtained when vas the cit Tarwater eso Brice Dakea tees amah, Srna Slane of cet eee lope Pepe ora eieneton Cees ak icin ah oe se Mace a eta Hh oa Ce ih na el aa intent e bi terre eects aeoe ingatireaieeae Ney asachatcea, cay nets fina dee aoe Sree iSree if Vo, ea Hetty yes en en Be See mnt ie aoe sores eee soda eal pent ieee maar ioe ee ioe Sinise ne ard Me re ee irene eee ee Se, e i l e cele a Seca ea cr ma fe a ren ee aides ioiocmirmbertea

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4

ry Un wmlwea heMcgee Cave Tg Sts Been coh Geororanraaa SrHate ee, sot eros kt ckaa Seat Bais San mickci ararcle, ee ie Sees o ari Rom ee GeeSHEeaMhealean Serre ea tah Recs Bice nce eco e ig nes ‘sis\eorra t tite r a teh gate at pence SEAR kacceraly inmerscenctoce ee te nfas at nso tes eens ar cea‘ovo Kindsheof cokestar aoejase noticed, Rettn Mak ie rer Shaha Pe eetae tycee ca atand Fete waetpeg AYee teak seid A e pe Spac Eco IN te pa Sate , ie from Ata given by theht aleenists fiesGe Meotaray some desive WeHerd, Rey 300 For. "ForCreamtartarof omTartar, droga see teeth the therm, Netanie ‘Dentists for tartar emetic, ANTIONY existe (COOH), CHUOU). e Acid, Tartarl in the fits and tase With gtion Mrcombin {repor {ifees of many riante, Te the rowan, grape, and con The flavour, s a subeckl eaur at xiveCarn, pine-appi t with chalk, wil i botled Inoreldl ti is removed frtate withof Time Sl the inlabie sei an sulphurie "On treatment Straining. Us obtained tartarent, acprimati Tppeti eerytala,I thewhich foare f inge n,transpare S‘ead ater, "Theyredlenepossess w pleasant solubleand thein wolution When hima.” {ck tte, become Taminowsthe in’ the dark the crystalsi melt fubbed forming eat acid je heated When taratieait fare at andy of tesamongformethe pnts aur fe acd. being snlcarbon commerce aresides others, the tartare aomeri acid,with theof above, iaownthereta

CEdive theSERN cate‘ofth ita peculiarSeasbe love explanation Soe ae See meted See mete th 2 al tc eg

e e gt ipowrdere nally it is «useful ci . di Me r e e e e e ele n i i e e c aa pSeieg teeth mrcinyn Pe r a e ce re Bn erBSage aieh SSelettotne re, o emediecine, einedoeses of yy eto e OF & cegrain aee ASL salen e p eeens r erse em S e es coe Bele

‘asa baking

‘Teears butwally of pre water,may” withmowslingth tracers in casesconsist of pohoring

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 poison, ‘secretions and in diabetes"The"become saccharine like ther Techrymal apparatus eseribed at moislen BV, eyeballs, interior eyelid Se formally’ to" anor, they aredisappear folly Serta arma uantties, and ‘ose, Where there

epee ece eyhie tan oe great fonetaatly oto Sneed Joy than paged ate” Peta ence ae Fhe tailed rons Enerovo

1545 fissge, dentinewith traecalleddentine sosvdentine, fsoften Such combined tnt and

the or ox, is eu annie.hare Morac arehostikewiae marked charneteristic.

‘The elaive densities

lle een“opinion” tnt’ cephants ‘it weep with ‘Fennents sorrow, ee Sepia tapported"hy the Keepers of tame Brthe det ofall te tia soontie ‘rheac rena nine noearate fl og ohenh id tn B64of Frepet anf Teeth ud bet ni atsoe sei eet {(rally wile Teme {eis Spt pe ern." cent an catia cement an erin s fear Sor conta seal ieee nl Herter wenzcenioa, Srt tary maiter £ tonaine i coparatly wile

Tesi, ddng uatlg, Ge andi the fod

Kitt cermatstec ener Sa ea aes nee te peeate rca “het ieee etn es {helio and habits of the animal ad are there eee teas

fae eth cn of oe,esupesitionoF orend intne, alfering in thsirchemieal het sreeto "eatin? wt wie forms oe Festhe outer eret, ae always present; the thir te, “enamel andwien cement.” present, The beg dentine, aftated which betweeis the dentine’ Bide it ht consists or te of dentin, va ‘dentine, an omen ovteodentine, an orginal a extn Seat tinuce tubes aintapn el a, andGe tubes of frearthy particles, con and ceils ‘The ‘esiten'the He clear esa colourless fon ofor thetrue dentine. In inant dentine the ddentivat “tuber proceed from "the hollow ‘of palethe {ooh Kon ae sstoty, innnesesightlyat) wav fone, rghit figies ta°the onter sur face.” “rhe ar sith. of the tootllow fine ranged alone pepe to hell reses and ‘eettainelaaiity feo hese cures" neal they Vig,hea1-—Vertia ection Rot edged fe” upright where “the frinding mucfane of the own teeives thetot Red snpulse ‘offee thehorn opposing he ows pipe Have to. reas the ‘The tabull alan receive the plasma transite from ‘the remains ibg of theUraacio vaselar'palpy which cienleten by antstomes ofthe Gabi! throught an though solicent a maintainin dentine, g Sitalityf t h e npatent ‘The delicate nerse-bra nches ‘onSow‘alte the pulp'sting surface c o n v e y seneati of ons tapes tb letine satiny of which een fieheneal ¥ithe dentine, alfa stall or whenthe ‘mecha on beth have“the tet vascular primitive of pare a ‘Wien remc Br trom which the dentine"Yed!fs Seveloped is rol arved ferensi y“uncal ies y vascular canals’ into the snieeance of the

anal compooed of atinal mumble of extreme

Th few fan the teeth consist of x single tases stig non site Heat consi o f dentin a n d sa dentn aro en seznam fa in Dele sent conatite {he'gening tis of dentinehe daguieng "ithe oe ee ihe St te a teloce tothe ‘huntan teeth and those apuent of the rnivoroas"ontnnel At Tat sight to be eompasad of deine chanel ley btant ike soumwe terial byathin costof cement, There iP te tae “conmontyoften sal ete ict “he et ete

‘HE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 aul speci devoof eth | The ive an eaters, tke panyolins and yuchus the eshidnabs neehoenyuretyeth toottnd ontithort te tose? thehippeewhales have traneitoy. teeth, muecetel the Jaw by whalebone “Tie "Narwhal (qe) Iits"n feeultae Wevelopment. "The never more itn ane entire mol or te ofelephant ve,has {6 wham ae to te wih ave mi incisors moretasksor lessare large devel in the ope uppercanis jam powerfal ami ‘ours ‘The Seth roene ave ty eyo ach ae jas whieh, Erle allel in$9 allhe fouht cutting teeth toon the. fone iHimber of teethin this order ta twenty, alms hares and, rabbive have twenty-ei ght ehehe iumbee of teeth, hiry.two, biel io, the ays tho oh wold a thet ‘he datton ican snail tothe ber find forme dental nines, thos ‘af heinskorea solaposition armor fh by Dankhe’ tes ‘eet ea may beis lenote fly b y fof " T h e dentition Tn ie arcs on tho sovent aale intent where itis of interest (especially ne Hons) and of animals the great_groap fn the articleson CanSivo e phina {se ns|.Boi af 15teethroveon te number 200 teeth, 8 tongue garden Teanally only sommon ofeachthe (Gomipare the in theof all) ed division inwellImark 105 teeththat wo 14,178 ‘of‘amvals have-s the teeth ,int cascanineab molarfour eatkindaof ofwhich incaors, and the rool lis chor or cating eth ae altantedip ikl, cent seed speci ‘octeatingstae trite “a aharpeut t food, tee for ple aoe their an tio, nm there are two of thete inclgors I each aide

‘alte fiersfrom fegarda thee composition the proved ietaiy ty evtineedt

on orton ar dpntan te Shatin atecottonBietaae tonto Incigor of hore, i $e the {eth nin ii nd t‘plese he ceontohn tiier sep esta Eipceein oft cered Sia Fig 2 LongitudinalI= cident cloud see afair ‘ection aofthe ioral Howe. odi e ois oarrm " pr ar more comp lene fo of th t h a this n ay be s by fo oc e ‘srm emennopo t, trs!cic in oter kinae of te eos EXiv iist “Ano com pe, tion fe protnced yan eggregaton of fray ple and(qe) 8 someAunBakes ann intomate singlMee naam teeth the of esth {Sefre natm tsk Pg ell Sing noted a

Tn the le hi to kn mola comp the Seph ound r nnt ’ te e n the fn e ates ete foSametheergrindiof ngih tic e,a anavaeae tthe nt: Nemes fh tn Be nay tnt he tosh o f fe, in regan to their mamb er eet Caner te ree unimereon,Stkng ef atur form e ont es wre an gett a ae acm n er olesl af Secnce avscn Ws thosethe teethtay" alee atShimvari os Taaltan isn siaca sawren she te aty fo cy "during.ocethean,walearthcourmanefta theInt leesre Spee Eee en icirpee a oral am certateein extintect eGo tae itieie, and tooth ‘Pore s, ton"Prog have nies' don cpt ave Scuv ane wer jejew aa“Nevepns anthe ee Sperranders nothae inteat‘the, obo stki t ecm cmt ye Sek well Pau t on fon are h teeth sat e erin senitan ria 8 ein Tn je tie an tine tooth in each ne Half jaw'; and there l s never anc i the of bse ra es re ‘more than this number in any of the lower annals: Taencompletion ie ti supe ea thaIcboneswlish etl “The premolar as Bieuspids and fale come (Unown elo iteraat molars) aera lncng apparently” wntiited. tn this elas. eithases (qhthere aeare the Yeronly geneWsr teethneOf“OFthtnmam ‘wthhr esti 7 Eotng which ar cemented tether.

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‘ehind tein, than to (orthat mulliospis) ofthe canines ane placed “Tre true molare most pontroiy.ieneThey.sie the remark for Somperatively square form Spree aurace, ‘on whieh aretherfomaborttreereat, coWMBye Nations or cusp, tind for iS Giided nia fom to to Be rangi, tch of Tn maa there are three “ho tehwhicharntheyadmiably adaptpon forthe special jrponen are ealied 0 Suid that fi them,generally easy,to what Trom aclaseareialextminetion ofSenet to sayra of aniialeogiUy auger 1c habits civ and. structure ofthethe claar generalye ‘hin animal ola ae ob ding teeth, but prosont sharp cutting Sicha of the upper adof tore favin ave oR ‘other, resembling e pai sesser thee action Infulated isestivorous the molare haveaad 9 depres: tbe surface, annals ‘with conealpoists Tock into each ether Ta

the connection ‘There onis lao. thein mathe andbetween jaw‘Thus, ower the anita.” ofclose orusedJoint articulati purely of the foods animalsby inthe which the teeth simply tear ‘henivorog fs rated, Sed eth hinges f a iusimple omotion only wile capable paneeining isvertical the i jewhe Town ted herbivorou ‘totion of ted of tallow contrac Enna thetdingjoint and 09lateral the ‘otlower motion ‘teria k the upon then antypethe tn gemea teetharienatio polar ofthis character neral positon {orm te.l argumentin to forman intermedia the teeth ftFelaton physiologia a and tomixedfoad,point decided has om dlet whieh genera! east Forte natal to our pete {Seok aril SKULL, Doo, a Roprxtts, Cantona, he evra ewe tna th ot ih Owen's , somparsee and human: anatomy, on Seats aad Flower work, other and” IEG} ny Biontooro e (886)ecay (Caries) i by ty TRETH.—D THe of ‘DiseasthetsoF Mamata the disses whic fest

i canferpeBoe sh omg a eae oearmre. SL Pr nlEaten Sere conten tenertn el gos ened erent aloneA ic a on noth rue rhe satan aetna, s, Sa seatsih Saire copy Pg braced ty tie BeRulce Sadense daar acu Tuoce ae eearis Rte Tee ore"the directly de does a Sa doc scat eve sen a SatateSea Sy tsoeCat Eat aeesisaio psceaDee epeeMercia ta ee pete at gheeMulia Segg Bp eget a Ss scp era ence ery taseha erence eps tei He aneOeAe ar ii i GbSLOPGu rch cua The" provedexeltin by.

1546 Ultimately the whpulptinybecomes exposed, when expe:the bin inerenses become very violent, ally thecavitynerveby bemastication. presel uponShotld by foodthis Torced into te take lt the uly heomen ace inane and or go on tiof either cease the pain fsmay formed. when abseest lien lveolar fu‘aries ‘The treatment enwith only be undertalcen by theofthe dentist, and ‘rari the extent and character disease. Ste'Dewrisri‘eid Alveolar Abgess—Peviatitis is (priesteun) ‘covers te roots of theveimirane teeth and! Hines hele sockets. T t m a y be ether general or oval. When {ral ae migra all the tothe co fhonly involved. Perostiis ofthisastype theamadian in usally Sie to constitutional enuees (such fheen, r the effects ofthe somepresence aucl of agentccumolated tn the aystentartara5 of ‘Shout the necks afto onethe orteeth.wn teeth-it "When themay disease fr{rin Tocal-confined result a blow or sonve aut njuryy or Tb may” proceed from ari theinflamed pulp:ofa butdealby frnerve,the themont poionoos comnvon, ‘use presence {oducts ofinfaniation whieh ace atHable the atend anytime’ to entwe lent of the toot. Vetpip iis not uncommon to find that teeth chose d‘and ics decays and whone tubstance gradually ineaks dow, nway donot give tse to any trouble, ‘When acate ptosis ha fury set iy Mt td fee ral necompusiment, alveolarto. which alaces,theareteeth petsare the mast pail affections stabjece. ‘The syapeon varyame,fn Sntensiey, Chews the\charcters remain the A dal acing ini felt and is relieved et rst by presare po {he affoste tooth jan the inllanmadion inereaes indnd taverty the toot leespenta slightlyhenintsbit en sk, bocorhesexqutstely ponsthe fhe gum eround it becomes congesta, aod’ ‘Mle aa anor coming “Atego Aberee my be define ma sapprration around the root of roots of & tooth.” Itesre afthoee wo ‘avieties, tte. and ron, Ite canes tof{htebling perionitin,nature we,of precedes itthdleating the eontinaons and lhe p a i n the forma Hon offacematter (pas) within the suerognding bane. ‘The with the glans about the neck, swell, Adetaphans exh tenemos om ue, he pus forcea {ts Way through the Done to reach Tie stface of mort the gum Reoppmsteteend the point of fest rei: nce, whichis often of the nk frrcomcaty eats (this e Hpopularly Known aa nebo) n fay alongat the canal bythe o f the root, and discharges eige of the fo, Some the dha ebro dann {ind an exitea on the face acl for removed slath {0{oththe Heer affected. With alatensent the escape ofineps bydatensity Sum Ui there fa marked ffNourthe ahdpany thewichsyellinggenerally ieappens inn fewto ina few ays It left itso, lowover, theexning alsees soon eaeumiesnt thebiechronie foc the wath sion comIn. fortsble. ‘Pais condition tay continue for an definite period, but ina. there miller may alsoform,be a "Not recurrence Sf the symptoms tne eng with Ger chron Shen {0"any bendpain,stall the onlytaealous evidence”opening of thie existance ‘often onthe surface he gn, om hiefrom ine o tne pa d"Ifthe ‘harges. Even this lant may b e wanting, ‘hoces resist all reatment, the deace can be eat

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pices sc coir whee nah eter IOI nie Ganinralinktany ee aireAta ote iat Se ise ge a te ce Sicrehn ee ean ada toe iesros ls atte imum cacy tae crri operate Haag eraetace mersin Ce Betty tins Soe erage StarsFs cneae A eat h y soeels Hea Le ante Ie ha int Seas ara fre rete itt Sealer fae erin ca atWeatet eet The ovrgingenaatani iEBele” gets apy tts bane

the bela up er iin and occasion of is tereayon ‘he inflammation Pius set up imalhy iting may extend oth proud ution joven ventricle, Whenft ii Se evident at oreofthe idulhen aetormedtion uw

Jeeta erapting tooth shoul although be removed,nab 8 “inflomonitiog of the Gana, cate The hetext enn Proper nonefo af teaya mon commen. Stef a SSeattatonal Zauerschrontedpppepaierheu am drugsor gout fomor‘he, JoPon of fuck Se ecury t i d e o f pot, Mow oft,eloat sowever romteeth,te tdfrsene ofof fave the neekarola of the Tae Sven due to onaletona

the approacha ofmiei w sreyenet ‘ithongh the majorityof the-gurmy with oF without ‘hrone Sollammation of tartar. mayHerellty oF betheaccount use of {oo{he deposition haf toth-brasty ikewie oneas front guy are te The Gilet ating "Theereteeth more the affected manera iosenet!in the‘and become consists GEGooddrop theoat. teethThe nowtreatment, finally Fennovaltea of any obvious sonree.of Seritation; Datbe sr bd to here nothing ean jo to arrest its course.

‘celasin, the grinding ithe ickie show eth eeand pon the ening gs sarees of, te flmost to the. gum, the rateef progress being gts ett iis getioe” What etteed 0 oper oon brushing ace onthe front surfaces a the echo songh clock rescinbing the’ nocondhet fora ofhand aston, nent eg th ‘the T a b i glands, {umeTolishedae ‘andsmaloftenconcave dopresion with x amooth hard form 2 yey achive orfce contin: fornia tarves vary fm ous with the front ofthe tooth, Aa ie progresses, to teeth. "Te io most often the pip reeedes, throwing eat uceouiveTayers saficlent quantity atfused the tanto ot adjoining fe “becomes entirely eaeof ‘by aight but continue ievitation of the Derloteum bymurfacee! caries, orOsrhering by empid auWearing of faticsting it sometimes ington Aloe teethpresence aterwizemay sound, es suspected diagnoseiil an nee ect fale; its notbe Sttempt ia aie to extract the tothy seh, owing foIrene the enlargement of the fangs, aahot even whee removed withoat eat iia Exostoais the jews, tay often ean neural pan abo the tots of which project int Impacton and di Aen ‘nt Eruption of the Windom ton symptom of the ruch'anostril condition isan offensive ane tere anconinn, tft dischaige fram of the. aflected. side, Sertain of the tsmportey teath only aot fn the Increased in quantity wlton the patient fies down! Siule jew, ‘and octupying the place’of the per ‘The treatinent iy very tedious) much depending

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1547 length, andcannot, not ofteo coute, closely beplaced, A hart-anfat rale laid down for everyite ‘one. t follow, but in the ‘majority of eases ‘vinable to ubewit thetht powder iy’phethe morning and ordre eves. the latter pat good. {expect

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ect ‘nerves wit alone, the etunlikeofthethe natn Ip loa Mod kidneys, vesale wel liver or whe freton provided with duct Reguiing thronzh whiehthe thet rereof ie earied aways fonction tishis concern, gland almort'nothing ixin knoen. Ie prolly in some w a y , altering the Ghemicalex: orftactives, cllularstracture of the blood. Numneronn sich as Touein andita tSrosin, are‘eanfounbe normally in ‘rom autstanee ‘etrete eh i

uponCoons the agein and general health of ness the patient Wefrat the femoral of any toothbe afc ie” ie carat iy followedthe byaotrum a dnchargo of pusbe" made" if not,‘rowgh an opetingthe Inte should socket of limalcng ane ofthe roots, and’ the caity dined, feb en Unit tle nog idition njected ts bySatablisied,” means of a Among tyringe‘tho l leshealthyeosomon cone of dense which attack theedontomes, teeth nt gum epuloid freforme neerosis,dentigerous eysts, Spd polypoid andtoothpalpitell” other timoarofThese, the jaw, and ‘eaten af the however, conpartively sae ent beof no interest {heroto g e n e r a renter period of fife when growth and titue formation are “Pethacte fn nots0 much a dvense naa ymptom. fa a abe in taing tine ha, conan Tua chief causes are mentioned. underwhichCarusvarie and. Aiticlene precanion agiet the sthonof such Alveolar “ddsese " F h e ping Agyness dd andthearehealthapne S y u p o n Tes c a u s e , pallent altemay’time of the attack. "Only a transient ‘Eneasiness in some ioaeancen be el ay fonnd'an a biloled stractare on either site of the 4sHt often, in others ‘almost insupportable. agon aerate in chaaster "Bows" eenly ie” Wht iach fhe apulpycork th oF Ythout nimple exposure of t h e the aac sobpenteratee Pie"mira Rates tte broug ‘aking fia Secs

fe

Peotone et ieee Pe ae ceeo ig ini eecemuatr otuaeBe obramts 1g Soareae Syhanes Sees Son rae tees ele Ee aes Sens cma attyae Buy ie Site cane Sen Ae trea As Solita eels ees Brice eaten pte eager cxealyptus oil and Pere arian ri aeae Segreseough a, fn thete Cah ee acerca eee cavity As has bi andof saluted "ontsamesCs Pep inghingsleuons Sine mastclnf atom Aca ae of ean fen adie aiaee rarce ebeatas Lee eeae Er Gaara eons Hen utce er heet fepaakrg a Term eo promi Sats tern ets un ‘teeth, nee the

ot Ute Tome, and Salter

‘Teething, acquirement of fron tet,aie especial Willies ofSent te mow tahatte celthe they ona

‘ofwhich itis componed.” If w tegtion of the gland

tere nea cere ioeenti avilaoe narchctgtth ciate es ee naa Seaman tara Sere ar et ec e areca oie gah iNollow its femoralheeland bytert the face that i Sepa isu alte tes

veal de to Improper fing

ee haere pce Be mleate care ‘never be applisd to the face, for beat tends to draw. Sep er keh the porSoweroutwarda. Abscess in connection with ‘he wisfonis often asuue’ avery serious Yalsione (q general diarrhna,haiand say eruptions. tosesun "Close character bless cut short by extraction of the Tsien feat. ‘Testepapers , aleohotiesl aro male uitn by dip ifung egetatls wnsized Hype Care of We Teh Many of the di paper tao aa prevent which changer colour wit ex for areatlygreatly “retarded. ‘ythy proper oper attention 10. the mel lovingtotematter ation af wnat alae wlation paper, alter ase,being’ “Hence, goatly dried, is ext into spe fa uitable by’ dipping the Appropriat e test-paper s into any’ solutions we can sheen sto ee oc alka or neassh

sa

tacit

Teath itatouehsaid and ple eae ce et edaf elt fiction too falof pretliated acon An excellent tooth-powder i composed> chalk, 2 ounces? ight magnesia, fudees ollotto of elnmanion, 8 drops; Ththymoltetheryatayshou gh paper becomes Blue when touched with Sleaine; of roses 10drope ‘bEbrashed treemanner‘ dai, to gang the morning and inmore the fren "he the brah important Can nan Horizontally, appaue.”bat a ‘moments The genera method th to brash Telcetion will stowmont thatfn tusmaeTeaves sntoneh Phethe tea rom te neck rit Into the shext, whee te rg, isaon of cleanng bra, used properly, should bo pressed agagst the feet 'andsweepthe vertically handle rotated so aaand fo-meke the Iniatles between over them: this cole with gn pani-down,mcion wil facer of he beck teth are best cleaned in a ike

SEerE told

wane

Thymes landed tet eneseae ees ceaeen eb cste

sn ce a at ‘what ay Ue called m blootand fr ie fr eon

“Some havegant tho cf the. eo wh ee tayit ont th le # _ pn fithas eeneaesuppoved en tat aye ace wa lan ia sone way the eve a "The england i ote Hon enlarze, fw tia the'irain, freqnenty for ingent thecnnditionterned Geite( nT ena anyen be de nw to zveat at tweein thetet vwth aenlargon ement the ort of the Hiulesapyuten which normal Seat ily. “He cape rte fer uo an often to Tor a r g o exstx f l o f Jlhn Associated wit c h s enlargeinentone often hervown symptom and distr bances of the cela: tory system "in"andexophtiniie,guitre the ‘earions ‘conditionwe havea erined creinism p{ith esaline am uotnpentant protrasion ofthe ascocited ‘often looking eyer swelling in the neck,

ina) ick (ate fa of‘man,miteseatile,(Acatdogs, r etS ate el te spe a wee ee n deceta8 pea eager ee eee ee iySpede ye to pte Pag ens, Sedee ee mtiat pd coat ee eee ne t seisp r ee either ie kn Cie a oe ee Beeeele eee ee ee eee an me oy

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Moa, allowed to fet il they are nats fh they amtwire heof estan drop ‘The sexes iemate ns {ite the. reality saunbed, wile thepecgn femle of", bone mele nt from MMos ners See psoas te fing "Wet come" have Teel known to aurviee Withont font for thoy at least offoursheyears,” Whentethe feted ele Yetanas heringefuhe'nnd placesginatheto lay ears egone By Done r As. fe front Mehlof says Her am 6 pile or sound al,

that the Tso laid thelr ess through te mouth pening; the fact being that the genital opening J2'very’ ear ‘mouths, the ‘ndmouth the Postion daring Guipaation wichthe that. "not reallly ech," The’ typical ent Ixodes inches many Syecieseg. ‘Hho American White spotted. ‘Tek Hades allipictue andthe European, Bo oe the: RFepterented egusa blind is genne “vel“by Btgesreferns, pigeonswhicha. per Maun thuces ob ome punetuees ona and calledva‘the pique.’ Te: is said Signa, sometines Uitt feverswarnconensons counties the bite sometimes pro {uve delim and even dedth but Mepis experiments (tn Europe) lead one ¢6 stapeet tne dre danger of estggeatl, “he he aay se the pest shoul he stimulated Awitha drop" Draw ale TheDiptera sheep tickiocct (Sfeopiagos seetave SiEP-.oUs isa ald t h e ertof Orith eons tive spaces of Nyeteribia.on late and omit birds,” The. eeathetck iy @ popula he foron Pheslgnenoptesons iscetsand ofClotlle< the family Procide ergs Puncuse C e c t i n y foe the lite Denticwateh (yy Anobkin)Tin (wn,TBO:So; atomic weight, sp. ge 3 ferhavetin ite ofan re of been known fom ery early tine, aa all ancient Tronsn objetsot contain a eertain Genero his mca (ee RON and MERALLA REY Ingots of metalic tin and articies madeof it have ten found othe in toveralconten of the Lakedvtllings feopered of Baope (4.0) tele to, been Corishtakentin,fo andItaly thetheoogh etalGaul is" knows tothe lace after Roman conquestof Britain, See al CASS Tin hae

"eanite betenely benten {nto fol oa hin oss ienot gre, with ewieefa weit the metalof Bb. of aa"Au inthe thee Braking tenporatre 4° F i (aryonderC8by banmer comes tle eno of to aloue Be educed

ing. Atto StbreakPetorsbang a barsmallofthegranular. metal hasparticles been Known up into daring a'very Tow winter temperature, The ta

1548

result may becbtained byat lowering itaa temperate ‘ileal to °C. ene fe verand leee sith tenportar, ih condita hat {icity moderately wel, Tan melting pointeof lead45 ° H(030" Gy Being considerably under that t‘Among in volatile,‘ominonbut ony at ate very leasthigh temperature metals Sirand water hencete uiityfor'a actedreat onmangby ariaes! Withvigorously the exrntion of theniaif of nae Aitzcle tin unl with hea 5 rao inv ton tie ‘aand stannic ovite, with corresponding. reieneee "Brace, mana sent or 0, insolution preparedof "bycarbonate hse aiding to dichloride o taPreciptate of soda. The white produced {hsorks oxygen from theis theryhydrated bat whenoxide,heatedwhichto redns ofinathissurvent oftheeabonie acid, or dred in & ‘ren gain abwenes of you fennoun oxide obtamed axa black pawderbut these The Hat o x i d e dissolves rentiy tn ally pores og inetydioooi acide, innate, oe etatannie ode,ateS00, ele forme oning ligarne of a at het accra Ths a rennoved nee Torupintandnhithagainie enaof irtoonecompletely oie i Sle fltte sell. Ie ia this oxide te of tin etal which, when ick om tard fr‘nod Pallyete "Power (a)iden, at Te alo eters relishingInto and othee the componition of one Kod of apiees theite miberal pls Stanmio\ exile otra tn"natare ‘cutee thesoe oninaryosidearotis of ti. ae, HSH Oy “ytd is obtalnadof ttyty adding eaelonate of feo tee hire also Byam to staat stifle Bcombining a ie gelato a afc, ang a age by with aise Inetiahlorde often oe lmao am anal acombi n't fo Banat, NeSnOye fottt example. Batwith . heres foto date ae oxen quite ‘Tternt properties, when ies termed pedatanne ead TEs peed convert in nite intoacid of white hone er3 fa it raf Wiis” pondrbut having te. byenete compotion ax Stanite fei, represented formula ofthis ii 'matpled by fe ofto ezone for metastannate tsa a toy Fa quantity bees tne, ois inte alt HeNnsnOy Metastannle aed ft Sotabie oat” acta "Cexeey‘umtiatd alphieacid,t ely stable in alien, And theby. saltshen thus swith formedexoom are converted into atan fates of the bare, ‘The ‘Manat of soda

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 of the metal‘amewhen heated on e soa inthe ier N Cicanmeree wbisied nn, Hiivine ura usenet ar ei elgra es Etimes yelonteh Coeea tess graiey @ ingen fom 63cnsaand Sand a Pe see fan Te ena Soares ny eranTorneyby fossa pee ani more complex en hen ats onslot tn band gen 28 Tietone ora ond a ge rake, Wed tis cr Brocton sgenigenschi tet, bast orm ofoleum flour it hsgga nometheresemblasce 4 Styfouodwoolinand thontructare ‘Sion tir cane aise allan! tedelatnome toring inethe Bel ot Sn eens esos Sterated by theoot ofthedintgraon ofthe senso, SHfis washed gravel or debris "ine oiver ernie tively comin ar England cornell a Soon an Malteca, Ania Batesand s, aad Chal some Pore neighbearingole nan fa spathort an other South "Snean sates” he moat ipteact st Treenty dgcovered i dst are i Rasta {Tee montfy New South Wales and Vitor flagert03 Setia rolecve, usmanin ais yeas the Unie Site, og noveVoshi SnytSosora aga inwore, there ae te dopa sre netrom tie opening {rper of gtwichHneny.Penly goat sonia eapeted hes South, Dakota; Martha ah, Wie rene, Caleta aad tne “pore ae fomWP ite the min prt ie abethatin to «comp cyte ses Sumber F Soraof oteaps enced wih gs nee ich cee fo be Zach fom falar DF heemph cong edsare renin ye a voles state},is the chief freot the meta

Semical Forte puivensn mechan! Sedaring proces proceten "amp tie Fequired, and thewei'w aresummary notice miler METALL ‘Tie following of the stages th by Atressing of the ore: {1) fb reduced to grains Stampas (2)by 8contre portion of the waste material ia then Fenored h e a d and concave buddies Bgare)s (3) m next separated in (neo the tossing atetub:cna(4) ofat thin the solphir3) fer and spn by heatstageealening ftwhich tere are several kind, 40, Be sal (5)Stes te rand oois thon Hallythe’ wash on slimeLe free:tie saytate etn Die,Tp oeanferenmparatvely pre,tive ta to separate arsenic aulaul conanphar 5, ieklovide “Pein of native snipe of tin and c o p e r ” whlch, " b n the form of arsenical tini ot alenvons ehtaride, alated al Sal,with pyvitesthe "so ovecommuonly” i the Yuetaccompany stageof “Cornish resins tnoes

tenga: mnee at tie es et pape pies se eek ge aniate Bere ee areal GPaOe me cat ike Mee eee ab ae ia feel cen eS tht ey ENS ar sreees Se a gen et Sas maf ieee Area tf imeem go os, etal ae ee aes yer, aes Dena 2352S

fc he was or btn By

bce) ix ealeined, "Ther ave ti Kits of el Ciera run nin eel i Oxland snd“ ative ich heaety Slreniar H ckings he chief feature of which iva revs thon ¢ Tis esteat tel up ina oping postion, wih a vel

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 the lower em,pris with: The ovethei snphye feat the‘andtop, vith al anthei Aceands famenio, which,in axthe “erade amenic"(arnenious acid), Pence specially construct flees of ‘Suamber im connection wi See'Alnsie "Tin ores of whiion ch aolcontain the mineral wolfram (tanpente wanunneno) are frente em Speed proces patented ig fr It Oslant af Bsthe Mouth, thie t a m e ! aint kin ore are ao nears atta ape ply tas clan med

Seay Dest nate “Gruen ose

1549

employed, ether aul aumonia Bee ‘Theaiepeanotic properae piu ually material, an inflarmnnble of th 1, one‘introduc: ian, ewan aint syaTinder, ef menne of procuring tine"Thobeforetnd wa male fiom of sheave! matches

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

queen af te fn

fp ifnneh cada greens ncnnes nase sleie feneiate eee plate, Theofthe manufacture HE" Rettee orien ea eat ey form hranch lion trae” ofThe thiearofsrticle ta. he en te Fall lowe deny iy eae a fhe pe vend ts inning of the aee Retacoaals 9 mae ect a 26th entry, Spel unin Seperate coppet was knownabooteatlcr. cin England 1670, Seats n tated cs a ertce B E Sseee salem a feather of cha: 1 EE fiat with eed noe is reds « ‘ticular earn inorder to void‘eenrealesrolledonthe rerriernty inc plates” Delta When uning.tho dhefron pats are cut, to ‘Diack has been ieee ih ano if ewe a ace size the plates are oF“pickled Le SoU ree eh oe seed tn thethey required hydrachloris apharte hot in fomern ane ‘whiehacd, hathe bet dilated by bein16g paris of waterall tert of use of the a c d to remove oiSat mache hittin stat ‘hide, “After Inthiswats he plates requireapealed to be washed ees ea dtuns ottaar ae ‘real ney and then "ha Fee eerie ean Gree ates are next paseed two or thee tines throu it is occasionally stirred to assist. the aggregation vonge sole highlywap poled witpuraceemery Onceaad ftincl oan nsealyeee aok res een fae enat Eitis silo them onic i sre sendilate fo thesulphuric annealing acid, furnace,witchpaneis in erin aco tore im theythrong fellowedwater,by another waching, bat With this time in This ran Perper het earn bing and then scouted sand. Fee i itreeteietionemier Gasteeegas et eat thokidTearé chem quite clean and bright, Dest aot ‘Bach (which plata in esnow cone put singly intohya uae), potofandmeltedeft CSAS ARA tatiana dees teatsag areas sicky eae i asowet STE A empty oid erieine th pate,ot finns of in en Un kean ate harnce es sve taken in parcels a ite{Svcdeethol fn govered with gre the unearmen Sane ae el etee oa te Voce re tae eT ce oes este peatyi ade era pem pier igne peer) gatas See tater tear aikenas So, tot ater eee The att POS a beat malin gehts Soe acer Maa Tee hee een Tenet ol Bek wintee walle

fere with speech and fmartiation, abd the child {odivisionof the frana, popularly known ax ent”

Paes ih cet Se etal fin SAEe Erect tei ieee hag se Se ia

the parts tongue by isa divided iat, tne a median Tongitadinal furrow, commencing at, the tip, and ‘extending back about two-things of the tangue' length”face aroThe described vatioae inKindsthe ofarticle papiTasts,on oatAL

dene te Hau et mune ange On th tstende the tip turface;) tothe. onfeensin, tan’ ‘on from the upper each side deeper of It

‘The muscles of the een tongue are ually ey dividedto pean Hamner ate ad pieel meters Si cenjecoamen Soccer wie eta solere {he market grasa beng It» the nar given totheprov cherie paved et ioap ie dat renee tes gualiy OF the metal. knaws hy a Latte teat neat Farty of becoming tac tn chie se ate oo Rd Te"Gheluing plat, brittle so thatwhenwhenenedi totoejane letbelow fa USES mar ead aa ne leak eras stat a Sl feelin tegen great thealana. y the of ation ie cab Et EA dopa ome ‘scl, of the maybe varows epperaurace se ae eps ee ame tongue Inde tof snca or mouth convex, ve orthe mayip heeypreted again BR ice aii Sac Seat ng omit ai Ue of the ERLE We a bedawn, proGaded Mla Hissin straight out ‘or laterally, upwatds nd Hagarwire naeneeee Ramee ‘symmetrical, muscularandorgan, exge ie dt sehitaginte tbpall teat upward Ponta Rar 12th ip rot and napping the, vocal

Sree ig tay ee seasoes era ane, RSL oe hace Se ee

Tinctures, av define by NySir Ka Chit sori Wetec antes Mate Cart elseif incl tn at audi nee"ALoono, Tie spit mow conoaly enploel rape Va ' p We). Some Himes ected ope 'usel, an ocemsionaliy thee. “Atmosne fesometine enjoined wi ‘nin, saw sation Seed a an Monit near‘ chose batween pro! eid the reece pore. oherape thddopenta‘on sative ptige of the seat drags

lossopharyogealea and. certain hoy. the’ ofmaperor-narface, bonter, arand free;an oot the h i n d dono fevior” third” "the inferior” surface" Dervetherare inthe s p e c i a l seme of tantoy slrowbero it attached to adjacent pars by the foncetncd” Stance of the finer Sehypoglossal coger ‘netve ineoh ‘Ary sensation, while the ‘cach"Theside nthe inmotormammals: neve of doesfhetongs tongue’ ot difer very aaterialy from that af man but in general thers coincidence bh tnjr.sizoand ‘brown or masealar tarag, [5this close formroente betweenthe organ and the lower ‘which ace toa certain In the bas a wedge ant as lignmonts to th tongs eanteater the si important probenee

Metin raceaare seore hy poplin vessel {nine the cone! are iengdy convertewhich nts feenrved pines o f geass and {Bessette nodapng mena in comng in far."fa Excapt in mammals the tongue is probably arn oat The Gatopde are re a very sogsla’apyacte kao Sera we og, fa ued Tongue and” anteondting Wonely f'nsce thieat memati’ ong marron, Aad Tale, teas extends abaoriliy to'the ip 90 asf inter He'tmnioroxtomity nto te; ths nontaae

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

1550 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 at asia pon Syrup), isa paferment whic oroars in thefomsecrethe y-ue d\ (Eaton's, every8 grainvachmof tion‘Trypsin which. of ation, prepar lelchine of the n c r e a s . "Tt may be talated roar dis) eoitane Jp of {the avin nereatie Suyennine Ite “sointed ‘Peiehina (Trishinein spiralis), a minote parasitic a ofFingwa,the tongue ae atop, pe: Nematode, occurring men, pig, rat and “Tie tear fapetion rable, formaox,also andare 3 nap. hedgehog, fox, marten d “rteaf, sexual {in man and sonkeps tin inetio ‘Biveake; but found int. Sntestine-—the t o n is for the pre-digestion of of en Ine in Fro, anf the preparation of Expt best 1 show hf as fxtrast and peptonteal milk," See Doestio the eitaratian of the food.

ieoe ee Eiovetiey G meauadaoet iE ra oe ee ope ice its appearance, whether firm or. aby, ses or Ectrmcrmeiy Seercekt Seok aetna et eo tyGlocntie ny aeationed. Inflection, oF "The Moat Se ee ee et EE ie Wa as/aneoeiSlopathic eat or ‘wallowing. It ravoly occur sais haat aces ete nt pee tele eer isms is ote. Gaceark al Ey patree! eepn th sips te Svea eereecreta: arora. ioe fendi oricd un morons a Ecaieee aa ara chest Pacer isticoactiiean penn sous Gc oS cet ean iis ice ee Shy Sear oe ard eee eyean ae foniahamntammamecsader hencedeh tuarnerny oh ironts Seared tondon dpe seine reaof thedea severe elivaton.

IC mnt be roatad. by pang

Se vemovel;

in the aceond todide of ‘potassium ‘with sorparila shouldbeyieldstried;to regulation and ithe of thirdthe the complaint generally andat ofthe digestive Canceris by far fhediet cnmen a snd la neary awa of withthe some epithelial variety ‘roquentiycdonected ease of it tmok ‘24fog-and om is« very brokenmuchtooth,moreor fom oxesaive common ia menfovmthasof in'women.” Tels in general a rapidly fatal chavery and le operations for ii byremoval alsthas fetious, are often followed invnuniey {nttome other organs ‘Tonles are medicines which, in eases of want of

Induce ‘certain

iorthe loca teil wa whet r to, po r sytem of tone in due ‘eof weakne or ofto thenfecbement hear to defective Uestionblood,‘or excrotion, of the Suerze the menses Bitrothydrochlovie, fous alts of ion, aver, and and phos ne ith thcas alkalotde and their sults, cuspaia, calumba, fail ita,mestgeninnygnuti an tac, Sdpos tomes generally vegetable bitters. “AlUiough an alld wtrgenina ae placed“apecial ‘wrters qu Materia Medica amongat tho tlimnlanta” when given in. very stall doves they fag elkmasked opie ations end the fhaa rabebly the Serup no tonteof medicine Phosphateof ofmareIrom general Quinine,wiiand

the"wallof the intestine io theboly-eavityorblond-reels, fad work connective thle way, expecially throng the miscle bres, withtfi col” themeeiver grow,“ed become eneysted Tihina ingaed y heath a fist ‘andIn these afterward el alba ee : caren ty whe tuAche ng. be somietimen presentnln ln mllony theof Yoxng ran ott th Rs tel ont. eaton b y mnother-vas b y : & pig eating frat, anda manaf cheeatingnew thehone pig. the “Ihexpose the ‘alyis Inentiry canal ‘salva, the enbryes are set tree, and rapily andfromemigraton becomef hereproductive. eveloping for Yapg ‘grunn ie hon oodproduce t h e of pata tater ‘anal ‘Teaver wie aveor often fata is the name of "Tareniaaasis, Tricttnosts, by tein ideaopines hie Trckdva tue daca enon ingestion containing Ig qmami Jes in eoannedane in Engl, Boen niet with afew casesThe lave. incustomGee tnt Btn, Usual comingn t h e of areosnt om ( l a r g e y Inany fat and nck, For“hereabon Sung ke a pidemics tren notare.infrequent ave syniptonn the thosedimemerely the aiveek thete. ofsce unt aout state fecteh tobe. to. touch, Teyin ioe fond painful foe and,nd tender” nnd voli Move

{irpentinelg commoniypine, teunderstoat to mean the pro Aina ofthe Scotch swap pine ofYentoe Ammerta fund the Pine marine of Prange entierf obtained from the lacy nd Chan En the Turpentine tees Prin iL from a cownercial pat of view they are prac tleally anced. "The cif supplies of turpentine Shiained fom Atneriea, ast throngh to feostheektent fom France Cavities are cat bark aand into the wood about one fot from the ground, the bark ransTaackedito alittle exe tar Hentine these above. eavties, ‘Thecommencing r ne 10

Aistanee to rum downthe tink inte the ‘at ast, down,aftervands a costportionthe conereten ego frankincense mixtites of rein and essenoiltial The lat er,

Oil offroperdien Turpentine "Lisdoesboiling not always pos es fromthe ranges point. same ‘5 to‘8BH tg (159" to Some 7 Ch anatmplenthe specie granity frou 870." rotate tothe the plane iTivolavisattn to the right, a other ef ssatos are the resen aerent t Tronerle componnds Oil fovf atatpenting ort of fino-an iti often call, powerfal galvent estos anh mich an employed inthe nants eture arof oisaints

Ta some epidemner on ritation yny orone-orp paeuonia. fourt nf the h ‘or’ Afth ‘Convaleseeneecazenis usuaarol sald to have pow BeserfTocula

‘Bat evencooking. infected zestis rendered innocuous by thorough seams fof to have taken ite nameh front‘Troy-welght eign Frayen vente ofToulon sommerse duringte the nie "Teaves tketantCele,

Umber uo, hy. lo gm» era He Ore, ce Sree eck site" vate tne” eget Gilg sine go py BE citar eatte TSarge Ear WiedhaSrey Scie St mace ioeonSara fr Sh Geer a Sst ah es eta SiG ieee kaerensteats SESE) eatince ela chap tare sed

Upas veale (3alay, ‘yoiwon') vara Foamy isix thethe name Tada givenAreeto Indluding some thisKindsnande of Strychnos.” Bab Bhat" Gest inown unter the arrow poison prepared from the gum thet exudes from Saco nthe nam of th& TangeAnsar‘ee, ofbelAnshar lice (Antuerstanioaria), the pond offromsilvers Artocarpacer: Tl portettous ‘oe differ i onlyandthe by Bes Tower ofan acepoxnd of 12 toin theBavope, espetaly towards the end tale of thecurrent 10th

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 fully from of farrine,novein serions affectionno Knows dstingishied "aaa Suppression whieh sn cP enna fn hn ‘oo war the. Beiceure an Sfetocion tiny anae im ainthe ny of uretta, ft formas« tumour, from conte mechael thetacle cated Tp oa CHINOy is present in small amount ii) ‘oe. enlargement ofthe wostac ron wa from of power nthe bine ar hyegli 1551

sided ammetindngaaa ongtay emit, stat gan cere Foes arias tes ic ene ae a a ke ine el SPcette rn eth ea rm ate Saeed RRR ecb SiTemeceecigCNGete = rel prema bose cage Goins tation snvintieaenea wot man Sersee a carar nym eeeho cere cua iy Mure Sanrio ees Eilon dn ite Soy nts Sag (0. it Sait See Sa. Sra sat aie Gi ae i or em eps peste byte name (an ieimpliad era thethe ures TCS ON at er ace edt ie it aac of Sir eine de arta ponte infrequently though fornotgrave asic. Sele cabana a whi, cause are due,are nleaya Sfinptonte ‘ofered from, ofits tartan eae ie tie Urantum (sym.malleabo Uy equiv.motel,240) apis. a very hand Sugars bub moderately g e 1833, er tare ae reverbling incl nickelcomminatol or ivon ftsitelustre and colour:8 wre tn gocaring. rea age pea dpaier si or water ratesbt if pe Bear ed yee Aen arta maartat aa sia pee 6Soest Seles ti one a Cone Sela Unaa tects geen Sebo Sa onteledta Sect Love Darwin’ Erman in forth set an cept, tions Inven aslo ay pl SPUR round hre frm, stnvap att ar troc Sa oe nt iy na i te spa oo ne nia Cat cle Sie he frfo mh SrFHlcIeta feeelo caes ong s mage teen r a h ' i ad s cupton ? EMSs that one wire fale Selo ketate seer estar h t ono animal 1 Grotto Segeotn Tr aunts de be sok cleans ated pave.

ae Oe eaeieeeeae ar get eer sen cate Laneee men a mos penne TEL fllauamane aml piasearns lel pris ea tor meertlog ool Soper Tis oe, Bape BRD Sr a aaa ea lt

fodifeatons in diseaye forme © most aaa important Branchfealtyaf ciel work, huminof « rine when freshlycolour, discharged Inaclearfuid bright amber biter ‘alish taste,-and-m peculiar aromatie sdowr. oral TeclonVL toay128A andi apace gray Tenge fom ally ate meh(25 passse on am average about $ 0 M u d ” oupeds ini)Foun ok is ine went fnr,bour grt, variation,tebelo. ery to s u b j e c t ished during sweating or thi, andtraits increase of AeHinkseure a oily enpons Tange quantities ofconstitucnts alt oraugar ax Wwel'ar andmangby drags, ve more slid than of ounces, of lidleurea ‘The othertwo substances Selglra Unify urine srhich about hale is Pretent are inthe phosphates, onder af quantity,sulphates,cowmion alt Frodte eile), rie and Kippurie' ails,” wir "others_ of Teas importance of ‘The amount matterof wenwe). excreted colouringainount (itteas, andthe (Glide por das, tre‘wholeTeen amon nubject.of urine; to, variation fm health hanof thethe e a r f u l olaervations daily excretion of ures ave of special nnportance in the"oes Savestisation of disease, CON Hi the fe i (chenia om ‘which the Tony great Disol of removed, the nitrogenous waste o The{ikiaeslstnan Tt formed ia the during theby dsintegention of Kidneys, proteld whe al and entre the blood bo the Separate Seam pase there,rine to Ye carbone in ve Feully soluble fn water;feof inIt given

Fences trialed Larger partic inthe(av). Bide Casiaof they leadthe to, kilney th ata Calelua tale faotIh ded pn fo the Kidney 3 UHRA fd atric indation of fice in the microscopes urinary tract. Noweroun They are other best recognised Sinfer"the ‘ro cccsionaly net with, hut they are Hotdepostes oF any several interest

eter of Urine,ee Bnet, ates Bret nr ugly Ee ta St ernUa oper carne tase Sea Spacey during sleep. The act ny take place once or ee ena Dre eta ecient liar ares zee So ue oe Se ae et aone ed Sr esSah aie hats ee tae oe a et gt cs eee ieee Been ase sete aa ie oe sss wl Sera ris

"Teention

of ioe

is the term ent lose

in

heros inlets ether ‘owing to sme’organ,pailoF oniiten in the” winay of aijacene ving to a finds Dutra! gona inpasethe i atin Toe patent himself mb to ater, ‘vote hos mre dente an makes rong ‘Hovteto do wo ie adder son become eo fen hetatpubW camo"Hlelt be anotanosspeedy roa afore, tmnt shove 10{ito Vind ay uta,stsaul cnr Heevecontents the poitonenl th whe de spent the web tre dnty give wr beinto d thethe eelllar steer lonof thethe adjine ese Seexdeavacatid font paste comiton. whieh i spot mapa ‘chert iy atrial intafeence, kel fo tf Towel yon, nl sinn dahy no evilente of upamabieolmtraction’m hot thy Eonlwel wih tbe ation of east droj Tin gel "aora Yallbtleywate,wilsten geyr reltheic Sometinee opt saniohtered tuo or prelraeay an ene,wil byte tio eae whi. etovoora allayal ‘an, give mediate rele If dee tans Mindeaf anitaevacasteaei be catetor a once“om procul, and thine aati, ten ee sey Sent nl see the yon esctte ‘sti oldstand Aina uretinethe nseoF ete Ppnctaee ofthethe iaddce through segeo the rect, aloe Teen take am inion into the wrethen Citta bli prostate the seat parame of the stare Inea outs of crag” welll Stheaine ba atedi tanto i options buteateri natfor re patient the Caves Atma ul ofere posed fom the danger of ‘ecurfene the Stent coat of ag the, foneMiterthe of the swear Vara sna au onthe ity ood Wefan never ofthe Ihhelm Wheawe syaten iste Heattateinjry of theow nervous mn ntctreheoe prosat eo of snes ‘ec,tenon ofnithee Father nore tan the uatal tine to elape withant

‘wating Tt akonon mw ta theeteMale if aie Lecomte” by teabliing away’ of the water, 0 the tin "Onnt exsination, ght he sidan forthat inentinnce of u r i n e how rer wil be on atthe dari ab tal distee ne iyevacunted iy tethe seta ef anhewpeannos tation. dene ull cen ayy nfo acne thecal ey wines nt he Bienwise to alo syaved pve eye to ct srs Ineallyom the jscutar enat uf the biuiter or on tieSoil"sna cantfoliarhefom inaTeaneos gh eentfon Senet ‘scars of choy hysterical tenpesament in Sti Reapucnt chei. wilomen rater the power eae Sa earth. sini ndUn oinfali ne te lao iniieation of ah abtainally eonesntratedy meld, fnan Cente tatingatest contin ofthethen, whieh oes iakle? at eon rms teri Hums nerthe theaetion nal Weseestat from inking seen Eling the quan f arihe n rit tecle see Salli thea fcresved icots n quantity in ete anc eave anthe more its trating esof Jai and anance f e eancen Bree Sinking {ive tet ate of sl to tenet cmalitien ones strnuas, 1 ‘that mgwhich, (Gr,murat’) piny many of i o n eT oe aut ong (eteser, ean fthe urinarygorse, Teen We) Te tion pe oMader

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 hw itself inwhich 8 froquent and ivesistible desireamlto pst waier, is digharged in very pa ‘and ‘hecutting nel tind canees Ahanciee, atlong the course of the tretia pain teen ‘Sets tote blaiter amd even tothe kidneys,thie ‘and is sometimes so severe. ay to implicate Toner" towelconition (te rectum}, andTevremmne. to produceTe manythe taining Known ax ‘iso Saved atari ly iritating sulatancen inthe wing, feria, Spar tes (whe filtant cretion priiple whither i fabletheto abovemnamed Bl Te waydrag nto the rerely ayplied to th skin when ts ih oft of turpentine, sulin tntof ofthecourse jeUlsan.aieisBe iastongpolemeantrenagenerally to“rveatment the eaur Demetca Siagisofalnei ean row oan into te vine of rac medlage Tower(of fowl, copious mild mieilagiuousdranghts Uarley-senten, for example), the warm andy It tiie cannot readily be sbeained, het lea!at fomenta theiS n (inocalation igusVaceinatio of eowpox Lat, artiBctl taceiuus,withCoyne of saccine, a cow" callvationin ofthe human “3 viens the pure (veeinia) cowgox of protect. — sit Spm with the object Spatem wasnt practice rile ifettomby malls gradually end 1708-08, 0. (qe) deater Aitced ‘nate way in pite\af the ferce opposition both of theCompor meicl profession an of the publi. Naurad iselehcows, weston sease of the” tanta and addi of the. vesiclesthe property ntain {mph which hes, when andinocalated, fronting the tame disease. Jenner thought that cowpox ‘vas, derived. from WrED), tho ailment and Loyin (see Grease called heels hort fetuslly sueseated in productogproduoed vaccinia vesicles from 6by Badeoek and Cecly Source’ Steolating cave (ce. infecting methem pox), and’ Voge Simeon, Chanveau Hu , and with Kingand: spall claim Kline though aueoteded, fornave fe no doubt protective vaccine faite There an beiy orolained from ther ‘natural aualpox "pease throwgh cowthe cowssppeare heto byeths tat ©, ofSuedte Simon Snvallpor c o w s ans opinion teHal justited by positive resale, since’ Artfeiathe net ow of en clely nnitained Senner by meansintendof Avoxonised mph, Tivhe seen.use farmer of preserved iympis alin eee of Iymvartnton ith Inamanise lymph. ane Ordinarily p l y ean be taken rece ea alt oe sb int from ccnecatl Hon Wahould be eateolly selected the ben forme Yesiles upon tite ealthiet andelildren.” The Vacwae mae Sek ke fash Kah finn nation effeecivelyconpelaory i aragland, so hat itis ortimated bout’ pordistrictcen, vacein. must within slot. The Nak of teregistrar erationof theof inet dlivs to the Fee within treeclinmnthsx ofoch its birth in Beata, Bagland gaInAmeriea Ueland fn saemation isnot compulsory, except hhlnectly, in aunt of the states of the Union, nor InSh Teng Canals. "It aot ts in Victoria, Western -cstrala, Se Soa at nal lymph‘ot in Bertin and {i typhi now ebligatonstations Stsouyit publievarcinntion anda estab. ientfr the grpartion of exit Bon Sonmeuentlysacintin there inene enyano active tod Hone agitation mp ottsnpersode Cat Staten IS, Tiaseca alot snticely suanised phbeen InfountBritain lao nail waceine has recently be ws ntsian as hammanis Hatin te ang Fabs Comat Sets yhonto.the Latent neat Boreas,‘ont a cae af Spontareon wreinataral compos: Five calves are Mtecinaeshdomen® every Theeek iondinaryhocourseintsrun places ‘nthe the ‘ikea at between threefine, ant fourbation Haye By ator a te Inston Appeary wiih the fit Onday theiv digtinetty vestthe tte a yieldon Tym. sixth dy’ or ontfalls hn ortenth afully forme esctheot, g e n e r a l y ours and esueti ‘igy STatoue the ond of the tint weeks Phe

1552 of‘hikeny the vesileandtheis mone rapid in the theealf Afththan day.in Impl ie Boston art of Ge lymph fe clletet on points nad sent ap tuettthe sates Nativnal ly Vaccine Establishment. A eal Naeinatig 4paigiied e 0 the

tae fat. thet raaj Pie weds increon ‘vee tatsnecem wath "with euétoaemm iynph be sa vnecinatoncmapared wie tatwthofa fananty,fos Soins te tnt esl Fron Sinsentatn withoue the sane apronex Snug infecion. poten wa orgy ected lat eis,enalyue ne non”ten newness irougit wishes years iim given pees we ara, R e c r e a t i o n smalls. tnecof ttn nner iecomplete “Ace ts td {ite State tenis to compel Illes, cuupilory resmeetation went Sacinntion be mete Farge” T h e ingafiunonee of infatiie iio een "wwe governtioncy to seterorution bnvauecesive. ae anereof thenwsaberfyphof enerationn ‘fective any one han hac wo a mike irutonce” “iy Arn ies intheHatoxaosof hemp of the Metrnelican 38000 ees rateat al achat No mame attest fore son spo ade ‘wh‘nung iave boon e-ewceiantat tay Protection Pash af Veeiuttons—thve repre the tat thawsinallpox 8s) of SieeaCegeHacan superiority” protective against extn compare ith private a Hon, wich in no aupervined."Hetore varias atewas cso theof anysally oral inEngland double th her Baropeasper Mite Svere ie was Gompuleonys Aad £0 t0 90" feo onal orale ie rand Uelant vcenrred wuler five y e a r o f age. Ninre ihejs Vctiaton Aa uP i g h l wa ae he sa in the tawhole countrys been inesrently wehyca.ortaity enc eco ol goung ‘wt rots TOof tnalipoax IFer ‘he thatthe ‘etaad, rater ality, ne ages tee Bre and ‘upwasis, seatbelt ‘sal yun ye otat rods DSSOINeset a T8SI-A® af sweat he ie ao the

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 sand uovacvinated ofvaceintead the population xeneally izoneage stack anne the unter ten yenrsof iirevery twenty stare among the snntinate ‘Bee feet ve notated aa, ‘nat houses, irvenpsctiva of aunty of excito ti there were wnfor ten yeast oe tuctibated ‘lovin uuvateinaeel, ttaekey ant veratacin ten year Spe atin fo 2 4 inant the children ‘under tenoreearseteuf mat lywhereT57 there Wee hve ask, ee unt, ool iesete oy wild attacky, an 24° ce Hinent ov severe attacks. wereMyureethere West were tw Centric, the rorenpandings ud There three estan 03 -tud 33. where fan rferent une eieatinoy 97°to aut“eaey” 23.pouring. The fatality a oie 10 the Rout sf vaccination te sion ty che sientricee ‘ihont reference tr thetrqaaliey. " seam Witlinereased ier aa e t yalty of the pwotuced teDinsmatn severity sdithe aun fataley of of sana ine Terence fates ad snort ‘coments ethicthe thenearaese of wonthe tine tothe ‘ciation patent attached aalipos. Thetorthe wreatestpelation prtestion again vaccini atte stone hear of painnty fion ortherecaeination, "Tho renter the hasrenateners from date af eination, the grenter heen the incidence of salon aa the facality pon these attack.inmodiately The sfeesmoing ito essen in thfinie yeane webuoquent. excita, the”thie gain esperaliy ac separ sanitation, infant life Were’ deetine die co itp ont "nagsrally gentexpectDang the falIN72ST ty he thesharedFall by th Iwona {ihe genetaldeatherace Ins 9 beenet eat por coy nl inh apni agin To ees ind FaberJer cout ent forsnaltpon: for hoopinenagty a comupased ‘etl Te fal fever” urtaliey has been mene naval, bu He he oe ne Objtinns agk. to eeenation ae we : the ound otal ‘he

Seyupelin or other wilein frm dvese,foe “rhe Keytar fener rewrts that Ay aesthe Sinaally"Vaccoation i s mentioned anny fatwon of fost ant fom 1808 ‘onvnndy iinet anh meen were the le thenabjectof caret gation tueMoctfomof alone the acovurts1863of cert cvaceinalcanesRetof {ete ‘eguelen fellowed re vacelnation ofp recelved midi. ab irreent, Holland, with iswantsed I m Trmaatcnntion fice Seven en were attacked

Thain Show that the toreportMe Maron's sellcknown tables, Tn"Boast Deation Gayton’ ease of come1003 ofthe Asylunie Metropolitan i theSinan" Sfeo aows the fatality per tes the “With maradona, fre‘evegoa"i ie alualate innperfect”nmanity our dent ond wpsearto frum the amdtherewith aNyd" tear,Tima ether t‘teat ne, ageEvy offrmorifeeen, three anoles stnlipo upto the agevaccinations fee” Whenare Ail{erogpel the "good"together, ait!e son "npertect that fom getentthe teen, EEn'om flte n to twenty yearsof “zonl" citi alle jan thes tn the amount ‘ofeffect” protectionwaeeination aginst snlpox death Thethatprotection the "in "afforded, nat ntiack fof chief aval fn the ead fen years Her Soc, a inane team ate easing cana ipevaed on nating ies Aecon Hints Deener Cayton whereas therehala wis no, oat, ‘hon Ave rae feviationy the Ermpercentage wa 38°3 nmonne the Tnsneeinateds fiva to ten Texyor werecent anna 352,over fromforty ht12S mat AGT TeAgpenrathacth tears seyort onthe Shell

invaceinaion: sey year in which the fons of ateination

dren ‘hat tone vip tale

Tmpeige contoginan, oh has been Averibntel fm he nla o tuccination of 1 a Elbe

‘Opponentsonly ofthatthe aflipox practice hashavenot attempted to show'net en Feluced Lyrracgination , nt thattt in{law aetonly Deen ne feared: alloying France the. Westgreatest ftoalpox, ‘mortality ‘oceatred In tha lnatad departinent, and oie erate "The rel Ye

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 were, homere etsown ae to sgn be ery incomplete and t h a t Rede roving”terethe falsiied waelesnese(int, an, anger ‘ofi867}vaccination Med, ‘Cone He las so nhunen, that while the uve natedsly 8 percent ofthe dont frei ama ther is tes thanei3) forsy all eae fos Saatthe pavcotage tn at fitted same aceite : hupoen coatedfromwithsivalljux. the declineDr Creighton, tthe prevalence And moreali¢y how ‘ter thinks fe newerage eatery aud ts nee removal liveof thelitle Shetieid influence etter ton uals: ‘The experieuco showed hit sialipox hospitals aheuht be tenaved outed inte He dn to dangcer uf terial npn Ride South Walon has a aystont of compulsory ication heyal tings asa pe o{esto f ilatingfawath persishice infect oes week i of IncterilogialCaltination.—Theanicrobee seein hae tren amcarefully with thein ew of producing articalinvestigated Inmpl ilentieal matermedia ial.” Soparsfay omnthe the staadart with puteney Enter ot cultivation af Iynapi in ‘he{Hon anfinal ln, hs beenof product found to be the deste of is specticpoxcer

Fear cte ancient Hoge ter teen

a

cca oa

1553 ‘vith a bright ight the colour tube, of whichthe glow varen being wih The nntnreof tho gus ithe

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

‘wight roand thei by negative electrode, but,Phebeing catnisafos Shin dane leer, de ‘rye nrepeled aitracted, or made to turn round (V git afcinati) skeet towpath sane way 8 Valerian Pree woes, pote Se [saat n mela o ol t a on of end in northern

see scl iat, om pian Sees

2

oer te usednero gem (sing in hysteria, Store "ey Cate acefe ‘Yalesann onan, ‘arg Sarge of the o f t h e battery b a t e r y ll i t s e l f dhrougle croup a rareed rareed gos Sry f o n d a f ity and Sat Sinan ta atria. Phe mbt end ‘xceien a" rentable position of te tris ia altered b y altering the eset toxicatin Bic idicalt” the ducaage w ty and egaarly glow is ecntite Spprosch intermitient of a conductorthe egnneeted with the toearththe fora condenser, onandrange ia Tepeled ofor theatiacted ther largeaecording Se

aloe Tee benot hattewiresaflatina antereleetre alo should in contact withthe rout; inab uliient to put eto wile ize wert abe ato between the Ienoba of x Holts mass

"i fw lw bbe hen thee re ety ins agar igi peal ia he hebalyfba be fe fhe mensions than hefr methclin ie santpt (no Cas)moleof iets te even nfo oevigWe theglumaegis electro il poly bo Senet of the tam fut, "he glans SEantlogly stn att to-lowsuchwi pint bright o's how Phoroetl ugly ey laos ing tete nti ecto It right elon snd racing tig ince Gheegate electrode bos fredtapanma el contatrate theme Inpet pon se ‘vith green light equal to that of enale; ruby

aa ed opt ate that DiS eal a Rt oleh ealtbeald io agent Era naa ate scree SEAGSFR Von es7 tiiea) bmgmat sain SERVE Bu Sseth arate Saeroatnen G Beograd ena

ies aed

ante

Lelfuce belongs to the order Valorianaca and

Varleose silted aes Veins.

Wen a vein becomes

‘ralunounyoxife, bright ted gsm, green.” The

Sen ‘profie they ke (ee Raprowecren alte eat wiih ean when they

wsen waletubes and in alewhichhasea Yaeuumetubes, Vasa tged te thon een levmetially seus and nexinte thehae been opp Steeatrenties of whieh platinn fare, vith antheyarmngewent atthe Teeewithends theof ihowe mirely may be connected ay Currentone faction fneu lactte Secondary a(eee l y, he Euderencrrs). patwistsinto ufthea ereate Theis objectpassauf thie anunge tent (eters tes) hgh presse ‘irrent of elactiielty through the so-called racuam, sre reality(ain, highly ered aunty ofwith tig Dartienlar gas oxygen, iteogen, hich had beenpues,bledthepriorresidual to exhntation ‘When thesuch (ibe«current gas glows

Valerianorder Vatesannoet, ( Yateriana),a i genvs of dt plants of the aaturl onlr exogense ints, containing uine genera and” abot ‘300

Knoeepy "haves 2 Kpeaechnate, tdfalshrube South “Amen Ral ay, peel ere, orapes, rarely andshrubs shalwith Opposite lesves, estate of Hower cymes hay arenearly allied Lo Dipascanes (seaf ores TEASE ndfence,Compost but difer ithe mode an intrinsic inte neds being destitute of albumen ndcoisa tier hy a features,” The genus Veleriana i coroles and putes Tree sain” he toon EME onmon

tid tote (avariewe,thonctsnsitataton bepgeated ‘Sarde vont tool i n this sense hy Cicero and Gelato" See eine oem oe, doaeced by overt svhich may be oticed an indolent. temperament, Auda debitated condition state-of of the Renerl aystem, Accompanied by arlaxel the walle of the ‘eine and positlyalw a congenital prediepoition retary enero wi nach nyetls position “are more ‘ i k e l y to snfler front fictionstaring i sir oroccupation I ant”one which Involves Sineh walling; cooks, washerab ote and tsar inser sels pecially "prone ay to vareoge vein. Varies. eettoa ofsac nd eins pv of i, tate fevelopedby anyduring iuite ofage. Theirwileformation inpieaes fide condition te syatem the cirenlation, as andcertainby eontinnedfaph disease of the Jeg, heart, ‘and iver, ipressure s cepecalyoh. Hable to intuce hemorrhoid the Velns, ee ly gators rly habitual onaipation, i theotentoe anof {porta tft i tseit appears rodacintat jnBowarenesthe esetrches o f A n d r a l , “eine the conta of Become tho dilatethin} vessels my become {htekened or tay that they maybe Fentivard he vos co tan i formation the ilatation may beandwneqta, giving tse to the of pouches; tht, i eonseqwence af the enlanged eave of th veel, the Valves

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1554 bdbeforeYvonmixingrege them8 ana,heating or tofaslog ely, and gradually undergo de Copasfiniary sae ine olventa Te proportionof vented for enpal Sra ovathe aleft aside,amos generally in, the andsrotum, ‘most often on apt seedy peta aod 30 parta af of of Alseribed ae feling ander th Arges ta i ‘vornts" Tt is razely seioge or infu, bat often San apa and ment tien Tie bathing withfn coldshe Water’ are’ generally ecient byin eel sti fe ofen remo opetation, particularly it preventatie patents tttrance into one ofthevlienpubligservieen ne the rea mill alent such distillation), Uy olf rao {aiterwandsor ether, and afterwards adding man:as {cetona of masgencce) borate kinds {Gencee™oll (linsad-oil Eed‘trpentine, There areand several of copal obtained best indtobeis race {ee Coat):tin butnowthe soa “eopal™ cheapwt other andinferior” kauri which from made ate ihe old are varies o l of use "ho Tuite oneal ofdat theseof thos as many (eome‘af be avlded, pee should Sewi "edpal) for varia,ea wel “An lant GR properly. over nade he waterproah fabrin textile rendering foe Senen a THINS of het 10}bog oz, lineeatl canatehous iis Yesin intanmadle here that,used,fomthe themaking ‘Way aturebe of bial te marily of ost Be of isk mich with atiended is ‘armies Giivarah ie extenvely waeherfor ater coating the of honeor imply co coverNhsthe wonton painted, intemal een ood o d previously tons ing thattr agaan.be aedGoo fo sop ‘are tatpat omi form a Bne glossy, Vai shei roperly aid ace,ite aap nl wterorabie, Teoding will probably cea fi continue, repesedly TReeng pel et etvemelmtb ameby mans rad pre of ojonlv urns the movth of he ‘witout injury, "To. produce such surface at of a bandage and eagh rojuiredexcept varnishwith,are pomice ofthesmooth Teast ive iscoats round the tumt b i the nin be pala the {tamn ie rubbed Trentmert h work, of clas best the in only Teste p a seme, Ue contthe aredais that more’teathan ttyto otor rev het, ‘eating woodwor on external nase oil putt of iplte i usedto frspit.oi varacommon transparent {othe pationvsteyuirements. ‘the weakened vets pictufen defeot the anit hae but being yarn trisha preferred forely this raepurpose,copa “Ales pure WMtlten "Axsie toYarnshes foroftenmae.conveniont vanishquickly,fuse Iaatic me it en iis Aryale very ina of iethem for coating metal, wood, oer tne fos fl pinto joeIshnoticed under Jarannse

Tele italnesdade blow hey Seeeee stasis eeta eee Me ie Sule Sad Siri aaa deat So ahah ee Sour ate Sreag eee bee Foie a ea ee Se hes total poe Hf iebs ana Sole le Tae Soe ea ee

Fig obbin, on which the esyarn onor pt thread laced ths its beingthe turned bySie theyarnlightest yarn end of passes ‘hroughs hole i the side ofthe shale, as ecen {alge * Hetwen cach athe ati picker, moved bw of fn tethe Fight y the ageney jectd piekliestick Unewonter, heft handof thethe along. the shnttlece. between. fram siatilebos toTetshuttle box,siatle ad {heThed-waup beating np of the threat Wy the Scholtes nt Vaing. eof pena, the oom of Vie glred tier are what forbeeany Fate thao Kink a ete ae quently interchanged, «nner of aattles coreIa ponding to the varieties of wefe mnt bo used. Shel compoundns here shutile-luxcomeagnuny 43 Inny caze‘n ‘compartment area of et is appliednt ta fiethe at loomthe dal a mclanisn fer less boggy paved she "Pomertonnne manifoldtothe.devoesperfectby wise ‘the, oom nsit into been thest/wobld brome. it has attained. foniition ena feet “Phe akin mt veot, Tnapucitleie fully exemplifying ail the principles of wesvins, snow for neary all purpotes aiperneted ee te wertoon, Antonnatle win es stantially Bho invention. of thethusHewgeaphieally Hetwnad ngrrates Cartwrightthe (aoe hime ‘hates of his meexperiments a tatf thenne fn htplainof weavin “Testruck toomthe conception te lnsiness, there heaclonly.Gtherthreein movements wie wonld. were" beto fellow sucsersion, dere Hae ater in proteing nnd repeating thers3 atl there ete eit shige tera snity "vowaecaryRnished then Tointo a eect, Aw Room the onatine weaver to put i the warp. which aw of ell teri as

Strength ofrate,tw andperl ven stn lonenearer im imneue that ‘Thad scsomplied all thatees toes secared what L then thouglt. moot valuable pro eet ye ean tA 8, Thin hg one, andthen! youSondre one how etereo yore, w i l guess my aatoriahmeat Tonpated Ene enry noe of pertion witht taling mowel howerey of wha 1eatyfhe a eyed ‘hae fou! in ha yeneal principe ietintnowcompli nde, andimy wasfveti not Hlhenthe: yearek 178ot "ign fotputand ah clung he marked, the powerioom wa cuore ain, we eompotek Sct apalont. the’ bamoom: Bet i‘iided y degre clto thedieity various ashanti witch enor {iia atloo, ital tat swe a

‘aviety andquali 1 Work, Which now characterise

1 the’maxt:marvellons ofallthe nations, Tn ge 3 is soem isleton of & power too divested’ of ity working: ts,watin whic there it necewaily grant varie ts Hie of the complented seri of motions Invariably derivedewe through the crank safe which ‘ves a Before the weaver isin posi tion ‘oom-mounting. go proceed withthe formation of te simples of web number of most

and the operation of weaving may be begun. of strip by esof bsinbyplain or‘wett of chee ky. g cloth noo im Sy.6 e, “A'seetion n

RAPP

FB moro thantherewith two shaftseineof elds are mountedof in‘When the loony the posslaity aviation, fa whieh With three «sinpleor evil produced, the shafts welt usher tateseanoverbe fone eeand undercingtwo warp.threadealvernately, i of inn ro, thie nple meat the warptlyends. are end three raed.shafts,while among two.the are divided {ntequally regan suosension fone ir deprenedthis to ewill form ietheshown shel. in fy.Viewed7 Ermsvorely, rou ths point upreneds with the theposallty ofof ‘enulinatfon and aration tse ‘nilitonal shaftsethof eal incresses enor foal Tae fos a ‘ina ‘whic ietwo Known ax the flush Cassinere el,undertn ‘hich wefe threats over snd theo teap.thrends alternately inof msafer diagonal© sesio® “We the umbar els fourwave it sel becomes ‘toon wv itpossible the Uaeto: ofobtains igured

tg ecncrn el en ehi ees Seen sreitsheeaac eeedema nay teaprt ak etic ie, Daoree entedith apes suerte LOS AR pores ROP

ost stig Finger ofall thethreadsoom,trou and thethe iwn ‘Thus the odd threnin,

GP

Fie T. complete patternof pike of anyge considerable dimens ‘ladye natuber shots ef the shuttlea a fended, n d for eal ek there ia diferent Linton $n posible the shes.to moan Now inthe8 emer of of te, elsenrpthreats shaft iti andto operae besites itmorem Snpessii for oF& hoon weaver thi ele een and ehel shaftonly of eryfalda repuicer mpdseein tretflen trae “ T e i ail andtn gre sea whieh ead be Sonplcted

Setnate up, to abot forty-eight rte of ends by secriing tee a fen" onlyremainn ‘reastbetm, attach to‘the car yene thet0 the‘werp. piecever.bean,the

SAE Se Woe ing ae es wep Dai ertyer ek Peer SRL SPERS as

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘Atangents and B attothewhich for ‘theThos moment the corde are cirelon the i m a g i n a r y simple ere Abi preserved, unaltereof equllfiiam Tn paiton andare Inageieada.”” Phe conditions the clreninfer: FB, on ainceto thelr AR = areWx proportional Unt cesoft Px circle ral, thatof lreunferenen of axle erenmferenes ‘wine. ‘The capefofam thieatl woindlas ae power, eiple and Common exanuples mechanieal nd Sonblnatfone of toothed whesl, or of week from ‘one to another of which motion is communicated y rmoitaneousl Ay ifting-bar the runtiy bythe ansaneendless band, are compound iMustrations of ther ih mie ene itee tos {aed ion,entch theiu projections pontwih in vor B, dota being tredlanay nt of most importa cin rlse ‘White, Eien Pigments, Theno only perio: attached. ey feo Site ‘reas of fie warp to-which ey are upon vy to ard ioe ae whe lar bat inl

{THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1561 apparatus, Jacquard of the and invention the task of aadty the tediousseparate difiott hadthe thecombinations ‘weaver in each {Dogster harness, the"draw-boy called * tying an operation his pattern, ‘sheds Fie 0. attached wore. tind’ these meelinicaly oper. were they which by am, Tn thee proper itt heite restore which rear: aprings,E of the snospiral clo —the great invention of ‘one room. sequence. Jacquard. Hse Jeoquard entirely ‘obviated “theeect todigua wttask anof eying, a n o ply ‘ formery'cdftcut, comple, tnd tedio eration ‘xchel ups taree of the Hiting wifeC, ©, Gs

Gawler met anvasemach andeta extatre ‘can be wovente with e and

o T m u i h d a sents atice iJeeaes coat es a PSoei Doaie tocnreee he e a mee Brey se pBee caringa eae erae n o ate r see flee ac ile op ietion that on one occasion ‘with hi lif,

[Dic of thle pressure regulationsoft Now, the nia re reslingsge a by hoisontl pefforated ailes nesdle of ita four wich hashole,each which, Aram, and the like ‘rowe.of swith orespond e h threads t to number in Titingwre,e plas eas rn ns Tpof de,perforati aber ons of Tos Wehole the Tow one into e hy h at frame t throng project they where ‘Roatan eh machinery order by then i rear 54 ar its four nfacea cach rowmoto on give

{he‘sie spot where the machine was tbe pubgratitude lisiy destroyed now stand to show of = ‘hore“Theenlightened meri of the invention waa too great to

Brodace th. pairn sid ch, previa wert warp thread

7 F ayo] ree te‘Steinetlon’ * in a " hook, ‘het . lg Sothing interfere, caught and’ raed

BBNsg-bar ation ofthe ing projections tar ts(Ef #), and i has five ‘upon which the hooks of the wires catch when in a sight B, but whichperpendicular, mise them if theve y tepostion, row aa outat B,of the os at thew wires given,

Ea Fy Te 2 toeEi oer erchee nant ae eran fet cnn pobre aks he ceone mend a liar eam a gee ae ate

pogielpeledenepe beetles Soe beeen Bene rence eae See ere Seer mee noes Siriaas (tas Stee ie aoe a ee fare cae csng Soesincere ee Sgro foieae eetie Se eaemae wateos, ee ERP a careers tote Stiri meagre i inet ecuesmiekaredanc sore gorge& sce od toute Sais dana eon immo are gen eur Bos atersens bre a ee imply to mention double-oth, ia which two warps are one Tots Tombinal toot rie lo ped textarea, like.becomeBrasels carpeting, farina with ivesToope wncatgases op plefoo, Ich high ier xample ac row of the tous Sine other Yatween"

"tried and Ant b .altin he are mae coer poco arte nie erties ist bac eigshanaate ir Sat

Saad witht to

Ea Mee at ,(000of He, oxide or penta Lind Wh

Telnetcen ae vances abe aria heere eee Geccerariomne tats fore me eenet tiee tment dows not change in beeen impure air, but cee { not nts leads'aa itSed renders it less ‘ots bat thes threo are by fare most important, White Vitrlol. Se Z1xc. slakod quicklime, tereduced r Te isto uedth If ey colouring of tllwally,by andmena"aceof wadisafectent. cforonmt enWhitewash, tnevely edfor esloarngy Ihe for sanitarya little purpowessie io ded, bat not washed to ground and ured is simply ichatk ‘WhitingInperion, te econivly separa Shue and frates otha for met gildinga ‘Welln gt Treluning anda preparingasver antido pols: ta te ung offen mixod with bo “Teo may le} (inby oxatie find {ng wil. white ied ah So adafterant Whitlow, of Panoxvoura, flamnatory affection of the fin on,zoording tote textare g”6f tothisauppurati proceedin alfstion, Varieties in situated Te maybe ; thus rinmrily teattacked ve) beneath tame (or conmecti elilarheal oy tend: he tenor don peri the tion lng thethe seatfinger,of inflamma th lace altar iche i % elie in rapepints.dlioy n fa‘retioeiatte dna He Sela‘any coien: y naf seteatnsenof esfnm laanmmd atthiorobbn thinerg e ofis «thepartpaio,fo thensatprimario se fe often conierable eile di

I whieh has in been thie

peels, thorn, be hel for ball should or thumb finger eet aca be Rane, watt fn fear the eran ‘points’ weight at whact. iely” Thesethe aie ay il ation thou ae ‘has Even ifintosuppacation sett inte ernpgt outta te escape, ofplace, tostinit the Tt inflamed ineision «fee taken fot Fadil areroundFA theand.cirleoand FB. They therefore act alongat the cone edie fiver rea rele, and mac the ‘wound

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

fog mcmama peorming ny of thé ia the force Seger wer Esme iaiaris of a waterbath eignSieof OSAsateltteer Secret eee weir

1562

ales ha of aal sir gearedt.tinto ogWegctel u corresponding wheel on. the0% eRe (hewtiateiion way'r ante sow

THE SURVIVOR

Vol.

4

of gae oF “the ze ao in goog ponent, kewie tases edge of thefourdome. lower geuerally tay gs) Saracensthe throne to, the record enceally soared ‘Early writers employment in number, im shown ini. % ides of ‘of windmills im Burope in the 12th century, men: generally i iphnte, calcium

ea Raat Teme te ini Soopers ert “aeoeey catenin Hoe na ere as eo Supa eercatienalosoeattic ac fe See ae apiece Sat dente aplaeiceats aces Sct nee

h laee incl Fi sin ions oe eitaecierah tis ieenmt tan oleh wes ct eee iesegt emaSet Macy i, ees ree ne Seerorcowisceeraet nhs E Set Bite eo eee ene deta benae nls Sot daar male e s ) Be, Heatiaceie Cieini tid Caserta a chee Senda gMiraiy Mount te uni ee heeoat See ei Set sai hs SoC‘ierelor,ecracin'are actchee at nn ‘Tho. Sarak tannin and’tho mtuiattaieee various acide are supposed to suse velocity increases,A { 3 Yo oner extremity. Wariadon of tho7'at e angletha from 18°at i'sthe Hneromter cxtenily

ba

Tian terangertene at Faverabam may be quoted ‘where a 18 ore-power windmill auxtiary tothe it

eflective form,

i

‘The amount of

aTibeciledesctiad edhaeheticdiana chip Fwith or for tywanonocovered whips ‘ers a windmill nfl att canvas beot pend which ayreatr orto suring could vg the2lventent strength of deisel the tind.for ‘Since then rious mathe hare tee ring thethe Inne for varying the wirfae expored to ‘ind we'll Winton’ intone aang iment’ rll are employed. onHordswhichare the fared can¥anhy asiting be'rollel up, motes Cchnd ein positions congue a's anor tan ind.on {ote dterent axina Vetotinn Si‘Wiliam Caliteat, theautonnte rocng strange” Rent inrodnead commencoment {Oth centry, was" of ‘th Tast-manel type,of thothe ‘sails beingof thin boards held up to the wind by @ eghe,"Asrs therel fore ofak te tlwindpial increwed st)the abr

{ip of i! aa weathered ay above tae, 12 times

exert preservative i ‘WineoftheTn normally” coloured wi ion @notannin and husks,Igelyand 2of the extractivesof theof seeds the Joes,stalls, contributes arene

i

aun

Z

is dependent on. one or other of the compound

batoangiie tap ethylene einetic Sowpet batoetgies capyi‘tiyle,“eapro-aiy ago-athylie,tannig, of other ether. ‘The Sine,to pomscoringfo Hom eu from the mort of tid another, that fs Ifthe ferment onemush dati be anymada o thest upChampagne, tas lamentation of derived, from Cate @ Or, rotor nebied dita: In ak en wins ‘Yad te, the Sune bouquetofof thetn vintagects fromfom hilwhic tethe Ned “ula! Ferment wos af itken The clegeneralThe thnoue yet the rexence arate chaon Nort Uhd"whns, hoveren,lagely. depends anit grown and liane tos niver e crtainpedirarityof vfToth frape om te Ine Hock; the same grape inixei in the valley of Herat aan itehen Heie"wute ving Lan fue a Secalantof

amen setae tna the velocity ofthe wind, whilkt the eaten Jniee of very"mapetene g r a p e s itte tayJuerelinte 40 per inentte Sanne authority gives the eiective power ofa wind. cil fo Fontenelle, rill with sale ‘of best form, and about 154 feet uth af France contains font 18 th 30 per ents ‘atowha beers of fet prsteot, at atoat Why dhe ejhbanl of Stiga Hae feo aha: power of windmills may he derived

and variable temperature of Holland, the juice of rom the following formula due to experiments by T3 yor cent, Of Soetrerii eee oh He the est at yrapen ear sells ceouly 10 arela

ali withhoof tne chib ihmao lane ooff resent Com es Hav 2 SRR ek mst, SR a ronda ral ad aE aE terme to“ge face ml fg) Tha eherg(2Gie “mee eneter ng tee. he dreste oft he slsige tt ate ‘xed’ wwe with & th an half to rake we p Dsethewit "Rig SMe tanitasme urements Rainestw BGT CSc h a r takes tom ite GCP ite os EO ae Soee SE tester fo nae MiG MSS" ties ning aces ieee tae atmc hgh heir dene po milan «ft “eu oaln'ydharet Mf i'n anette

oar te te Teta tt iors fea Serr mesaal eh al Serine “a Mtl‘ IntL eet grap cmS'gurenyal tet Si, Sa glentut wee @SiGeeeitette Pr tnawins mete esCgeolel bate ok splpateal napcuaer nay egst nl Peer)wei, tae a3 atof CeO son meg in anslaanauias or S104 Of carbon dioride, Cm whore molecular below.of from“The 8” aris i at an ryangie ofthe sails is inclined to 15"d are dine, notand unfrequently cont of neroranged beardvor arranged WORE #4, acconlng to the deation— Slab nf the ower hetramtrnerclng Lepkaene™an patna Cantar ta Gay?of vbaee) eh, ce owt ad pee Iy Sinan GyDy "= "RGHO) “ + ” 200, vi peculiarity ail, provided that there it no loss vecaliarty fnisn thethe sails; fatng an eles band and rotating the doms Yayoi acingontotone andice secaresthereliy of them'preservena max thee Mow ofrasfermentato weight) ofa grepe grapo-sagar Eeenr (hyfavourable cei conditions ((vith the nymbol i perpenticularity “About the year 1780 Andrew Meikle devised a Uontbe‘ater Revfu'atcats aide bat whenprsered ater ferthertosenirereht: munya of senha ot the wind the "PAGING 2 para by weight of sugar yield Tf i

0-45 to catch every wind.vanesHe placed s supple: ‘the rotating eap and at

thely reducing by $000 anglesthe to newthe cetcardinaofl aula; Fight Linke tb rane ‘Meton round toa veersevaiing enaoed te sap of Worn, Hie hoapyatatonco toeaan {‘fyer"or e wind" rst fron a galeryse fan (HiMoncton g Eg) proestng She le ppt fated ote

tails are raised to horieontal postion. the grape, ia joice of proxiatecouaitoenta Wine, the

alcohol. Krom this, says Mulder, ‘the juice of rene aul Germanfrom’?grapes given, cent. when ofaaa aleehol 10 15 per maxinnuni, tn weigh complex igh, whobe highly wine, iconahlerale found iy allextent sugar to Mulder, Accordi teckel: ‘Phojuice lable an change. geteeedingy ng Ua depends its quantity and from by presure obtaied mus termed cally Bul havingwl a veldfermentation in towonewbat he grape epontaneou troggtendeney tapas tthe boaof hen "The mast con:

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ever declares, on inthe two.other instances}, hand, that,Nislir, whi Shey (esespe and Champagne alway con and, sereMosellealevi plehl any, et of thine, Sasterne) eagerapes‘Tokay.whi ine,ve foreonexuuple, is preak Tate rom alld nly to get“oversipe, Ut. partyfronto rapes ky on,deedthe nari de pide soba tatewaterexpt to the sy andthe and Taconcentrated bate these ‘cues is-evaporated, nice siekds a ey wine of extra strength,wereThethanstrong engines the'anlens pre paredIn consequence of the close connection which existe hereon the amtonntof sugar tn the ga of the wine excellence ond sugar {ies and the sl, strength ‘hich extraneons ie intrenced Sheu) ctor or Hie poneaton Se"tiiatian “which amie, wuagaey be fos menefscbred if fentation gen ele /Puityintoysineand in beetpro: ical ty‘completed Seine are thas dss bottled seeWinetheie tionwines,trail fn progressTs erreacent

TES se he mt ae pel tom te ater ie ti Wy 8 ess a can asic eeea eee ce ok aa Eom streas cera eee corns der ani te Boh hema eee te weetia of platen eae eelee chan Sons a ie eons Sea cere ma, oy es coviden Sores tiara ie

Product of a varnier oF a colfer summer ‘Hut

i rewanbter wore in tructnre and notion SelB o fementing Tom th fares wilof ferment. tne ell Syraterave eine wl i forty cighe rang 8 et "The fein “Ea pointsthosein of scehavin mutter i" conmequence: oh vesbatances forsationwhich of ferment and sient; (2) af those are isolate in comnron water,

1563 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 nu ‘unthe pit cat fled of toll’ winewine, IFate hextlee a el ain ant th hetajgesini vei mt with placedof forfant esauple, ‘alent tartrate; ivBandgt eerin cooling wary Sater at a tenperntare (3}oferoun of tartar and prtncuan snlpiaey nee lle, thethelrTian contents rhc, ain ben fornstion soluteof tyalcohol sri inerences thar i Water, f o u n t fave aye aad {all the’ Teal oon of wine tat hws pe bette neveral ete ‘ines lowe’ jdion of colouring aatter and of te ‘Whur eel fue Dee fons hotile sometimes tannin, which is withdcawn ty these alts. ad "t peutinesorks avo shihreality dueincorrectly Frnge'becowe of a lighter eolour and oss eatin Fie Te ix totheof alia np whieh, grows frame the ate Tie"turk i inwantes and showhd rexel thebottleinnera suséase parts tothe contents of the rlysila inated Uete whatwae ie Kuso sad hetherare. View tn this taste teensy poor Mayor mometines tegaire

even afta da ales RY cent ttt HenBe rina Watters Sarai cles as dey tia Sats tte nia at tea ees are cart Sie ‘eitildie gina beeSaha es tii ae SHEL oor arrests See eid att anne solvcmeil ajurets cme ingen Saat geotal arte en CE Gee sae re ae Ske iN fi Sh CS /Sa Sitar ey ay atten aA cee oan SeShisan ie wit a ie ay ae ieee See Ie Ao rhhalite ite ion in aaa reba penser gemma ae, (elie cD i a sacar paces rian ee eee RS our tae SE Efe ie ae Bet hrtanrsSohacerca iaEi apne isia Mae anh et staan, ata oe SSE nL diet wine becomes less seid ant better taxted, Such

‘wine as" ie colocred often depots astood considerable casks in Wine be St HF and sediment; of Shvoane flere ism comntant incre’ of alcohol” i iiuproved. by being kept in ‘Wooden easke, othe nthe evaporation, Ty seater escapes fe‘Sonatituents ate relatively increased The vinous Constituents ‘being’ thas jan eoneentated “exertad othe, each action cenneal Stronger ender we wine not onlyhorever stronger,aes butnot better sopthe change, The Havourei” by replace be rast weer of logs Aree ‘tition of wine, ollervieeand theconvert act the sled sour, wie the try ‘Soul into aseie ‘acid; anv the vine,diminution of water, mona ents Uy replaeat tne ‘Whe Inorense Winestn which are poor in ‘ar ayaf tarttle nes acid.”esone se co proseod ‘he reentlyall"wines Jopular ea thatcatmnt wine tndengo. whellr hasthisgrown is mooi Become in kts htsfabstherefore the on dtlessfonmfe fe an ‘ltogeter faethe i only the strongest that eanwinebe "phe ealonns however,winesof battled tannic acik ax port win, Cor expt, deposit a wines Hotled Old Vighter hee and Shlinent nin aguferane eunsttuenta--ethen ofweve Yarious Seite-which are not foun in winear ime mays however, be tated ate the whi,of Paster showed for tePanny due preservation ine 1eaxfrat wasdeleterious necewsry thattoto te wcfobes whe presence LE hevalu of 60". {ez(ioe in theshowetesenoetat of# thetemperature slob i the win,ae the with contact out-of shot being thetras wine ancient in accomplinot thisonkyobject. Batsineit the was Uae fnsnd aferants War {inn teat preseve from apotaseune deteriora ‘Sony tne another thad ie al qualities equiva eliareterictie snueh of he Maven, ot god frovias UT darn) ine is pens si stay

apelin gs eis aia aint ge ee td Plating of Wine SUaaer ees Seen Gra are Soares ree oie tigernin eeshc aes vores mo Pian og Berek ere epee baold gagetormtoh eres ae ene ae orci ras oa lie br ah Seen see ‘wonrce nor are aware of the tendency to gouty Sno aos oe aa cg Fa ae ee TI ete hers Pies

‘Sagar aithongh ie found in(withceriabat nds rare exceptions) in all swine ery lt exon In'rei ‘Honleanx very thanlite suger fe fond rel Shem cotains Jn per cen ocx and‘ore thesome kinds quantityof ofMasext sat beHermitage vergminate;17; lenee while 2 parst aboutcontain extent,rel containing of an Cool 345sugar. Field ent. of wines sould Teast 4 edntain percentneatlyof agar "Someof irof the sweet ‘wines one fourth accarin matter Bence Jones fr th ‘Shey (8 sampler ea in vse rom 4101 lng ‘Gera Cea

:

H

San, the tamtartrate, fo known side” ayarereain of incl tartar, acidSindUnder potassivns Sher soluble bicarirates found in wine, bese ach acide as re quite uncombined. Sagat iach power fn ccealing he fe ach tatfentheir90 {ie favour of the wing, and. must therfore be bi aufictenly fn1 ce nahelgtest‘wine’importance faa abnndane medial or dieteti

Int of andSiew."heavilyOw telowdedoerBondeatx and taint FrshyPort wha nev nf cure of inew dcwhich i of alld by acic-a Beraaliueproces, the apotenca, cipitate tannie which facilitated by the, exposure of the wine in bottleracy forfalldaylight.. T h e r e ino doute t h a t t h i n by combining with the alburainous Dat sien, shine Port, Ehime Clee, "Atédir, Brgy "Tie cent detine indevelopo French avintazes hy reason a laa nee sino {ndusiry in France. Bnormoun quantities of die

ar ste cena fenar Saas lee int Wie sae eat th

4

gaSecret ge ta iduayhs itnreat mana

armani d otic Ager crite SEO betes Sete Pea Shange-are-shose whiol, ere’ descient: tanmis SPBediGh nat Shel Sati oie nectarSe Sue ofeater Gavriel gt formation citric ‘ether, et sue Isis eased Uy 7 he disease

{he sadimens, and often ceases() Acting onthe winedepends being Aran of nto ater cask ‘ym the rons iat heie leant eet by ae May be stopp commencement ad ingUh colony alkane nn etvbonates, whl huceser, Gatry alee the 4 tastecpeciaOf theie wiles Ake ‘ehfention ie veto" Howtdivessov i'sthe auface dineane afip i whichwine ode ares favourable totheinednese Meanfartuahe of snubs winePag caries oir dati in dierent commtien lee, his went On the lnc of Borde ihe ane oa a injae natin Pickentheinell testeichat ieee ret iy ih ser soreaf ame, fale Fae Riri of wine Se thew em til thent SatTowehe falls beinghn sel Thefor aout a wine vatof andy of frm do thirty to ‘Rept pee that tvintages sade varies vequring withthe qualtyof thelea npin t vigtage, thethereetter the Whethe in deka ‘fecha at grapes atarcliaygar it sometimes aldo.covered. ‘The withewe ‘ere when ill ix cloned ‘and well Sankt sry amd cokia eftof Sth telto preventoutshe entrance ont of al ties Sep om the boston ‘obersedy and tanufnctnrer to Know when themayeine,bs Hing hou’ eoo and suficienly eens, ck nto ennks,previousy prepared ipteusenter sangaf and piehoning th eae" at wank the oriiuary vintageWhe goet 1 fillows ees are ulin of acted ie pressthe ntfermentation pat with talen their ath neo the Sat "Abont wie a fontto ofleavetheapaceup er for paretheof In onter fermentation, whicham overiow in very mature siktages weThe times ocouinns of these lite erty chopra ia applied tothethesurface, floating “Themassrateof alk, ace and akdnw on See‘lglightly covered)f ealand forim frum a awn week off:to a forfort If the wine beng pan the Teefe mare) orthein ent th ItsSlt oust linpen would t a k e disagreenbe ‘ste of arethe nal” Theshuntbarrelstwo in tints seli intheethes placed fillet to. rtseine aferie wi hein ey cere portions epi ite(ask pote. into. de these so antl he; aad he reminder aed

1564 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 White wipesThe grapes are madeate i not,nme, dierent anner. as iy maki ‘wine, patof into the vattheyto ferment, but andafterwhenthe Tamoval te stalks are todden, taken the presswhieh the juice eking, and seeds ‘heInce,put anilfrom intowineeasy the fermentation takes i formed. "Wien the fersetaton fas ceaved thecaskswine andtx racked off from from evaporation the harele Into shialler any ose [nteplacul onceprewes or tice a week. ‘The ‘wine of the Jews connedelvan of two secepiacien dr vate, paced at diferent Inte nppertower one aneof which the the grapes were juice tden,of ‘white dhe vecsived expres inst (tee Joel,the tsolid i 13}.rock These ¥ate were nevally Hreven ove of (Hse. v 2 (margin Matt "wxi. 55), The ancient” Egyptian wineand sand apt to cause confusion. A treatise by Hughes Br alin ls coupon of, ha vate fe in'18%0 mentions no ese than fifty-five difeeent {ie proces aWilkinson'e’ eaing Ancient be TarEgyptians, fom as carta Siount af Joie tow wes" alloc to afore sends from te ie ae prea, the teaing’ bogun. audThis wosformed ep theseparte fonoF the vest ofthe Juice pleura, ‘ect wine nud inet 18. Ang he rice ae a {many countries, itis being graually depot Fanos mechanical epic tn fone! are ES eo va pa roe Airoctions ‘ae ‘employed to c r u s t the frat and Wie farmer ay ltrinng ROU of the ‘ore conpliatet presses ae nko in upae tafe Prsanotetiage arora ; Wire. Specimens of aremetallic shrels dating ax [arat farcovered back an'1]00 me, tet state to have been ee cco ha whist 800 a ie,sample exhibited of wire nade hy the ‘Tad ab veges en Ninevites about 1 the areas ington Muteun, Londen. Mention of a similar Seubessd Siig ete hal pet praluct is matey both Homer and Pliny. Wise Ser eae stayaapeaclg” epee Semta ‘a oignalls madeito by ere eating metal ins plates runny whieh were eat nder s t i p e , ant and inde suber {eats rod oy haaering. He a of we Bresiagy wag craliaHeomle, Ph Arawing was nox frnetted tl the 14th century, farintradgond”ingo Great Dita tll oone three enti ar, "he ety th wh ay meta pesca fe Pi fate drain ino wine depen pom te dct Most bismuth neta ad” postersantiwony, this"propertys es though some, teen aal Temes seer {ike' are co. brite the See ate ecto i s they can onlyrom be achdyawnmaloaf witholaditty, and alg ee eel re Sure nae an want Settee er bet aats coe gmae, oe GFcipletenacity (see Ducrintrs} The general p r i n TERI involved iu theingotsmanufactate of wie eons Sins Saye ee”ae meee {nProtling down or hare into vodstented of say {nh ute whe, ae altered Sn clinary aa em, thes een landHes rence in setion by being d r a w n cold throng Sees in eal plates oFepresents hurd nonea wiredeawer’ ‘The acco epoca essing few nll cas oe bene A vites and the dae Stock or gearing cylinders as show.” detven byaThe prime mover ane on coe though he draweplate, i oe lah AWietzenerly nde of hand stel, the holes te Saws Stents ced of ae beat Be 5Etonveing emanating tanael- shaped otheio excerive Seer at ca Sint ge Ee eeropeceecompreee Sim ATT aun Inreanes the holes rapidly wear sway” and Iaewe "Alter being onee down, the wire x again Br tee eee ee vas ehh tse oe untilhe the ra required te tered sere ioe, enemies ot Kini so the proces r repentet tras hase ‘She ereaehet.” Fine wire‘The ayspeed"require font deawiny trent erie eaten Coerise alte deca othirty slsuwings, of the Seca e pata ie Nit nat ate ge slime i inerease as the lamer of the wite Gnintshes, “The metal under treatment gradually fee atiMg mest ele ocZe aolesy a ee RGTRE hardens, nnd becoming les ductile requires an doating? alter which itisstecpet washedip inein anwater.eid sol‘The ae ‘om and subsequently ey {uci metal andwiththe whodiameter raving of theeanwirebe ree Aletermine of he’the rapiity flected naseper cansecondbe craven at speed StEe fomnections 12 Irom 0 49at aud,lnchen gold and er froin Gh to 10 inchte per second Whete great accumu ts tequiral, meter sings, atl for gold ad silverasinInce,chnoa plat som wire, &e, perforated r u b i e s , or aiilar bard Bonen are Atted Yo the draw-plata, A silver wire, Witeh-hazel m North American ahraty of(amamelie the nacaral virginica), order, Hamamsl

: # ;i B A:

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

‘clon ome xen ota wi‘lenateonsie bt has he adarelangy cgfoci spread yo abe ‘wire ranges from 4 ta 10 tone porary inc of sa fre “Wire gauges ate, ufortunstaly, numerous,

clustered, and oshowy, SSppearing iyellow tthe fall f the with year, thei

1 The ‘towers petals erp

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1565 Imsthleome apting. ‘The adseedalilcontain a quantity of oi), ber and ‘one of the most of ancient, convents of Germany. the Chartreuse ‘Buxhein, near Memmi whi he enesand {Se marngent, and the tincture in muck ‘sed for

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to rothe due ke, thetwig name Dilen arto Rippoted viacsveinsof forked asa iediving

WollianbottleBottles, orin Wovurr's Borris, ie tat tamed from the London chemisfet |

Practice of boxwood, Wood-enpraving Thethe wood usedgrainfor engraving ib whic haa slowest sty wont i tertdicen, fi proc Tapered box fromi too small fortobe, the of purpose Ee Bnalsh mech ase2

faves ie by meanswhichof e Bieay ate, 6 “he neck throug either wha with « {ates townte ,til admitting ‘air ao eran toor provent

Fig7

of leavingmay thebe Timesof thiehi various tools, etting cousout effete

or, Louie Xvioomaraythe ate (Grak rap tad asd annWood-engraving, designs engraing Sn woot, by difen afing plats havingomWe copper Pets White

aay.

txt squared fect‘wih a be brah engraved.‘andpenells drawn uponor it-may i be tsoal way Photographed on the wood fomp. 19)" ‘drawing made honpnecs and. expediti bureli paper hs(sceany Puorocearuy, The tage advantage and aot nilater Swood-engrarings posess i that they can be malt Biled toany extant hy mana af the elestotype aftnexeewtad on the wood, but 2an est a gato te us ‘prose er ter Bees “oefr Br ae toch the, vaeereng, tad it may bo sold separataly if of lue.or phot Me a? ane er s coo SEL cali peace the blocs prepared with the d r a w i n g , teage elfe n E'Eomencag. secctpeatbie e Pe eed carefully vers boenwax it wil thin paperis fantened round’ ube e d g e n Sith ai pas oles y dati eptiar fo aold rubbing theprocess drawingie otf graduthe Reaati ScWa Wang seo, the reign of "the renowned E m p e r o r rest. "As the engraving al y (Tigo ne)” There is ne doubt tt wood stamps Tears the paper off S n ae used by bricksthe ancient Egyptians and’ Romane {orrere mtamping and othe articles of elay7'and thal road Sed metal stampa of monograms, Ge,

lyited gh), ith placed tetween the in arventhe theblockdoble von and purpose

fngraver then nihseta andwhet.raytouching up nt fe requires fe en inlarge forthe arescrew to be bolt, nga and the San ‘of{ng woodprepare Joined are inthelocks with usual manners after whichi eethe tesving cnand he lnakeforthe tepratparpse or canveiene of working get ing qe ash Siahod’ by having am engraver plege=a matterofin some consequence n Extrated forexampl, the largeengrani newnpapers eee the la Wormwood te genus is the Xrtevnsie, popular namebelonging for Artemisia aguinehtin, to th Compo ing ery meron oo fund ape sy ote iy regan of the nrsbers hmipbere, found iy‘Thethe Common United Staten Wormwood of Britain fA alent) aot EE wormond, made ring «pint Dalag nal ders ounce and half Tetof the deed plant, ig at Hr a tes aonof

1, will which thor printa be understood that between, woodeut pieces partof'a {very on the paper Fentage eve are not ‘where worme

Fig Herel Baropnn punter atte iPoti, ng dew whenad ation othether ability documents, nt avery early to. write was an extra dinar’ scsoniplishment evenbeginningfor of the princ1th es. te ‘ot, however, u n t i l the ary that we fiad any evidence of the exibtenceeenaf ‘woodengraving, asoor we annnow undemtand if. It Fe bats Germasy at figureshatof me. for p playing-oards r a i n n d t . i n g Seine print af wan which discovered any crtanin {formation"he cancarted be obtained

BeSagres SERS prope

‘ei

oe

OfSora, the ngraver to tel andskil a i techni, ere, and, texextt etn Stik “Gitrent “objects, ee most fequired ‘where. theby raving” has”andthe been exeeution execnted work, broahmostly or ‘niely SF left'entircly to the engraver. Dy « judicious

‘Wormwood (Artes eee).

sep a hs et or nari ot Daece dm aie ge ail preety

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THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1566 5 to 8 at least use,are oF ainters eologts, are opaque this method to, have a fair tral, ‘The frat three lows rable yellow Houee;p eatent,,”yellow ‘and Eonside of lead)the largely (chromahvete than m chrome Schra forme i lively more & of ts neatly so deyable, Rew siennwe latter is kg a s soe ‘Fie not is fe Bal tin “i orca rece wobrown to pinktateand painted fortakes, puting Ich wel inelode fyi which Mat Yellow ae Sule We Hogi coloe. betel sre pink, Sele Flinn at i anna bark, ron quercit orn prepazed ord mesgenerally EE Wee ete fey ‘bat‘They someti froma Persian berries

se teSaini Ini ee sin ty ace eet hice Sala b Smear ee tae s t ees Sac eaeaca ESee SP era tin casks great peek serepoare pelt adi A ee oe ge seis ntec arate delgel Site hishechiromaticia nds geoe en euetah a Siac aor eimcl hopin elt iy eran beeps puree eatpeepee SOSDANSLD Wh Site eete hens cetiins rn See he ele tele pn Sera fea oe of the ules Be heise fom on, snciaed BaEitheel ass,“ Metapig da an ot Geral tl ait ae 2eatenRes a SeenSe & St eerSais anya meal @ bensea Gprrase sna te are tan Batre td vont iGa be geri eet teat he font apts San 2% Aca ies REUSE aeaie cae ey rine he Weta aici divided, ‘by their ligature or torsion (seo BLEED. Ee oe ch et eee Sa Aa Sosa meee BOE uated” Behe eran ted Eedago yp tte gate Maaer tat Bet Ea oyiaSereew eg ee slate SSOP at al sreeue gore Ry morethan el Bare ad iy a ae eee atin vibe atime el ee & omn ma y), alent to o vaio of wound te cient

order naturaMonto, of iheStates, of plants Yucca, » nengenos ofthe United ilassis"nat re often of ofwhiche ing ‘America,On some Geter In gardens Tne vated sccount "Fpl appearance. nd aplendon of thei tse countries otheso sau a0 toTt hardy in’ inEngland, begaiteieawianty See batmes flower the open ait. about 2 or 3 Tet high, the upper part Seah iDiack ng in termina “a “spine siaep rom centreof ofeavesthis thearies crown Howertally theof

t e ma tho not s ice Xovench arevarietth y. ipwhorOfl’tapuntarncemtuporeintsd witsevseerahcullyblnduns tpthe mopecustliat bevourts ose ade ointed Ipe rpr entyy ,ohaoee h thewnigsure eh ory tnom dpki ey mag anretd ract, ean‘butlose ere agaipren sseand soaionde es tbe ey ‘tfur chthat b r u i siwinthgdewen and in thi, les_ te i { s t r o m wotrunvads, beitraate thblewoo, d anord other ea we a ‘renee, ofy thetoesneext general Sithiede fedaavngiker el fot adly cape. ‘ThesessteSaid, by decomposing semblance habit or by mere presure, may excite inflammation, fandiain appearance

‘Mer the receipt, of tho injury, probabl or semetheremorbidis complt perstcnistation Some ‘ton

sccomplished, according Icioed to most” wounds, sargial may. authorbe five diferent waye:wen(1) theHealing by inmeete on takes plase wowed parts feng placed and maintained tn cootact fit Wek tower and then boone sankoaoun, without formationor of exazply any new wep materialof a ldo Sonmectin fred Dy diection in the remow a timour raed or a

‘covered th the tteScant, well with ean afer "“ete foo

seal Heating by vaing, oF ) 3 fig by rst ncendion. ( icatts‘of ail'Uhethe healing: cl saturaprovers, ad Ys asomeaniases thesahil best t's" often observed chat if etadations wound bedryTe wide pen the bleed and other on‘underfa Stnface ‘ a n d “form an airight ‘covering, ‘which pearingingtakescomple place, and, 10whichmag I hiscat proof Sen the os in Tess seenfroquctl, beeasse,oftenin produced the frat undef pace, xadations tobe more he'taby hich songcal detach iInterference amd prove seldom the healing Ani secondly, allow

tha ue eaote deep’ endof confirmed. suppuration land grat dentraction times. Contived. and danger a n d severe more teh are wens Icerkted ‘ous incisaltemtes woundaro ofbruised the sameand se, the tan adjacent injtredbecatse and sloughing is v e r y apt to ooour, Sach wounds on theton, limbs,"Ifsnion if extenaiv, often necessitate, ampaca: in to beof attempted, tho rulesmaagivenhe fore, talent ncn wound followed,clearing, especinl theattention. bclots eing ofpail Blood, totheand ‘careful removal of their warm covering aome softantepic materialyeat fetioal inno eatenwithcatfl ‘net an in severe woundof tis eam“ foIinportance acraln olitary wand "whi, frm’a hee ret surgery have l a n g e Mera: tmeof tier own i Ma Tn coneiaion ins vo rtm eomplicntor com: ‘ofStiuttonal whiehof wounds some "Anon:aveavelocalale and otis general the apni former nfe cela Teckrring me of Secondary ting at ‘nents, andthe présence of execu foreign nf lodlesy whist the Tater include defect or reaction, tra ‘paved, fever erie, py ean, in oil work(a native For rawsrtictc Yellowoalve Pigments, yellow (sce Geiss), sienna Earth}, eadmiom yellow (eunine sulpide), aure hin compound of(harcolle and patents nitriten, ivm chromate}, amon(a yellaw and: Naplen el low (hasig Teal antimontate) are all pettanent Satin yo and atin wl ean ise© (ar) ther igh whe mse with(prepared the in CyTalla am Indian yellow fre Sd or camel aide)areandbeast pigments toed ac much’ teanelucent, or franaparen¢ also to some extent but painting, Watercolour sisoar "hey hae othother.however, a dected ‘namedte pignents e h T " . e l a f to fendency ‘Sie’ keen aed at wet clr and rmament, except Naples ellos, whic feunsnited nt painting, For'waterSolo Cadman and. lemon

Some "et, them oFstem 50 feat3 wiTest sunk ron spate co" Theon ¥-¥. (rms Pa Eh) fife Spanish Bayonet or Mexican econtx in'ealled and yields ‘an edible uit, The tive of

Hivana, the Yncas and." is similar "usedto thatfor ofconte tie Agaves and Bromelian loth. and condage Hine Zo, aval o4. 05, op. gr.ial 69 Sone to clan 718) is fonsteak ty (sym. Parone yt oman ery in te “Chitin separate tt So sine wank, heh, know an Parasia o'r) pointed ontof that sing "war italy but (ho exaet natare this metal and18thof Hevores war not dintinety naw all-the entity, zine appears have rombeen anmeadearlyin ‘China, and"atperp alo in toTadic, pe 4 Muishowhite metal, breaking with a line endfracture.” "When chemically pare it ralleable ducile at o r d i n a r y tetuperacur tall conmierial sinedepart is someniat-tnile omee tina to the of 312” Fo ferably 900° ov F-(14bent. 0"C.), when it ean be harm eed, daw, " T e inate ena theif doce not readily become gain Uitte whe Shole, manipitating 2ine outto Stpreviously docre althugl in beat winteri worktven weneraly take the preeaation Gvera Bre,400" if Fitsind becomes, tabed 60to JTuite s femperattie as high us that pointsan ofthis ely ie reduced to powder, ‘The melting y 573 Fe (dIe Gy, at hain te metal aoe, Fou eesti fie, ent dame we ines fis when only slightly ected on fy Strap air and mmoitare, ‘Wak exposed " t o " Une ght tnecaile instre, taking oo atin lowes gray fee Bint which protects the metal beneath from’ the

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4

*

nao nd cen i, aePe Herternye sesh ea oes Hoe rn tant a ay lee te oo peer ele end cha htt dentbald ce fore comers saree Bie, ae Sey tae” Wastes ea et cer Se a r See Pieect natuen resinate set a Caba cetant Sh teten een ad dat acetate Pe taeEe rey Earth atcsretet he ee ars sean aienre Grae eee Eas See Pedetiet Fereiy ecanot eeeSeinoe met erence

inches

urna nones

etal”hatkyZinewhitAydrosie, ZnOfrom yn roationn thrown of down ‘Sra precipitate ne Salta by potash oF sody wvoiding exces of alka eden toa white 080powder. 1 Ziv Sulphate, HiyO, Thiel, whic, ws ftSige water, untfw aie tbe’ known ag'white viral thw ps hoop h tus with Epoom sats, andy as old; u s a l y the ranea, nanIk pte dagen ateteil Saippate im waten,ot fetin ofquantities tpiby roasting aid om theine,ative Due mdesulphideao lzinearger(onde) aa low red eat inthe air uatil the rode

Sli typetiaty Pro‘ adie in medicine. varnishes, malcing ta Printing, toe ofthe cic ee tes of sAste e "Bnmetaly GarbnataEnGr The lnc bats carbonates precigtation rom the sation of bo& Ese fale with an alleline carbonate, “When Sela of sodian casbona ie thetof prt«ths ur omtomesof sine euiphts slowly ae eparstoy ies thenWoyachedheel’aad SHEL?ine ase hinge he pe tute on Chrkte formers te knwo hater of Be bats infor aCewhaly by Boatng til i sa biasedaid“hy unHeating $eapieor ts satin oxide de yoshi en dryer de sel SalScadag inte ede ten "Tei fine’ grain prepael TShy e" contains some” oxyebloride. tty "inaodwate,aceaay hypee haa a htrent Very: lable for which it tnd cd ati chiwie ne ‘legompention, fein dinnfectant and entivepti, © referalHaden Causing ae ingested the toe pinos at Whe of mine rate Praline are) andSockseteor Sulphide Clanton of ‘Bien, Spaterte Bleck ine Cticln then te‘prs vanes OF perth We srl atte coah 35°54 apn, teioe ta TheYhe ests hoe felon TnperieIeergtaives miion the calc ecksniem,colour, andBends pre I n sh erm ee teil wh alga! fa of formations cert oretin Toad, mined "in the in United” hieiy Wales, theKingdom” fate of Monde Man, andis Crmnow

Serand’ with elon InStatand)We “Onaio deearsContinent et fountLens pent

1567

fully America swith infeatmany ore localities, in Misoer,and abundantly Wiscoosin, inTowa, and Ilinoia,Blende ie Australia, associated butwithhasothernot minerals Inmany places in yet been found‘Calaming, in Farge1 quantity. Carbonate of Snithznate, Zine—By some a miner logiatathit allymineral ty c a l e d nameTe given to the sileate of i n e ‘stallises ls arally when aprethe 98 thonbaliedral.systor, per cent of he.” and con:Canine fou inot Calenrents rocks soaour fe in usuallythe {EGR ninatve ello edie own state, Owing tots inpuritien ooff furthy inatters and oxtie of et, peteentage Sine sometimes alowfrequently aa from associnved. 15" to 90. TheCale: Ine end. blende re ‘metal obtained fromthe laterof zinefs generally’ someBel Wat inferior Carbonate occurs in izivm, in utSilesia, at isSantander in inSpain, and ceTn Shere; tte now said England. the United States it teoccurs plentifal at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and alto in sonthswent Mis iota, Wisconsin, aa in AY Kansas, fers sa count sit ound ered veal tary fat or" “Eussirie Calamine, Zine.—The com ponition of the auiberalSiientewhen of pure ia zine oxide water and P. ie Teerystaives 64), sien25°, instrongly the(Cineorthoriombae apstem, erga are pyrueleetic. "fee colouy, alway? delleate, iia inten chan we He. ree, Feourd along with otter nea sine gr leat verte ain Caretta seo, feed at near oe oto acs onthe,fhe Susque a tates) notably. Selim Taney andi Worth county,settVieginia. Siento ten fe how move easily than formerly ‘lhuongi the introduction of Siemens gas-farnce, Zine, x 1%halamineral ssaalyinte,Tonedor Red meOxidewieof either ora ery batae ecagnaly they areand rareite found, Slow” ie eitherIt felSotaiee or orange cout oifxideofper cont sine andof O'at provoxite fuamganee Tt i Fl astaclaved ssid Wann "The" tenperatare whe roasted ine ove, (eitheroF carbonate. ene) i thereduced smear sone shag wth Volatilises the rogues in toclosedhe ig 1 Vetio Section of = fivelbed Beiglan Puree, etre or male There were formerly theee kinds of closed tne forthe redacing Uebytore the thefstEnglof these is little tt fad Silesian, tall employed, The Tarmace employed in the Belgian Proc io a0 arched Sin section front fn Bg. 1” Thesetors Seon Ah'he chamber, and into which the change of ore ‘and coal is pat, are made of fireclay, each bein About 3 feou'3 inches Tong and from to 8 inches Jnfourinternal diameter.” In in ui oneovdinaryas sized furnacn,te of which are bit on gro chanibar containhue freyatx retorts abut arrangeddoutle.insight peralll rows, ‘some have th Bamber" ace naporl aca way aso allow the heat from the. fire {0‘nelle playsuch fealyafiretlay roundnozlotem. ach retort basin frontfive oF adapter (0) on whiel thst ram thece end. aie (ovina anal pening “ T h e Heeplace (a) stretches ftomof therotors, withandof thetho apacon farnaesbetween onder the lowest ow the retorts it the front wf file up with fesiay

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

vnc, Sant tsnicalnoncablay eatts Tented atedy ieee (oerae nerdend tetoe Hae tie ign ee ames eee of the oy, ‘adapter, but by gad by when zine tte = Nein Sale i a ay etn {ll TE ev ees, mage hfe St aeieti ae tata i te oe es Heute a taralo ontliereal Tetra ae haa Sanco Sites Sepia the edt’

ig,‘t's, 2—Longitadinal SesionC, of“sondooeng a Retort or“portion Mute (B)Gy Sean Faraanes Sropiaces Hus, which also yue lo te sidou,

‘repeated at completo intervals til n about twelve hours the UWilationt til al the ore supplied Stone time"Fhozine vo te collect retorts of froma algleTurnuoe iiss fedaced. t h e adapter Exit into comnetlty oblong plats ayweighing tallyIt iejets and Sinown spelt, noveoary ‘fore again charging the rotors to take of the ‘aie and Sra tthe let Wel ripita ng saga provided, matter, forthe reception of Wi theTete, : Proc Gresley retota (ann) are osed than i n t h e . Belgian, theytse fePhapeddffrencly arranged inthe formate, and ike2, am"Bashoblongriotchext.i internals with seieienlat feoiig or feat‘An Joh, a b o u t 18 incon high, and 8 inchea wie clboishapal nose inpiaatiached st into the Yop© eitable of one fend, and from this a degcends eccptacle. "As the Srched chamberof & rectangular shape. Piel mate gi rieae tel Singee ree ituiged withthe ore vats Ion 22 to per cent

egoerntor (sce. Grass 0)

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 metalic sinctellly40 per antSree theyll of «rch ‘Sinn ‘ conhe H e l g i a n frmnoe takes np lesa room and ‘gues abut one-fourththerefess infuelgreater than the2 $i ouves band, Gneonsthe: inthe oniof thetheir beyFig. fully exposed to former the heat f r e , amelting in tnemetingwith sdapeed toretorts. Sloman’ {oth Belgianfurnace and. Silesian per centandof thethe of from 16 404 blende, in therein the lou gre Tosswith i» Rogilsh fnetal the also considerable inount of thin in an inalmost {ae of foreignores” Zine is obtained

1568

estate rian in ly rts, Bub if it Futon by which omen one i ested.” eleribed “unde? socsine axcarbonate must be reloced arg enton, charcoal i ges I the of198,300" etary that runing ine to the, temperatare Sao iaee tee eae F

Sete igh vanieal a bau ta eA Beetle Shere macah et,AhaeSes sme merce Shoat he ay

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

ae mentioned shets and other forms for rot Peat’ witherstneats ope fatten Sod ofhon ak ofteamped end cites In'Paie and gwar ie lngely ced tii. for cheaper Kinds of “bronze” atatueticn ‘ecorative an Tt BRONZING). canbe eal Shiewed tate object, tronzs (see) of the ‘ives as rooting sheets, water repatation vane as struc: ‘riven Zine haa not & good {ural material other than for covering parpotes [7

CHAMBERS * INDEX hectic Acid:

Aelelestey. Reonite.! Reomeing Reipie acids10. 2 1

Rone: oh Maonds, Fixed ‘Git Monde, Easenciat Moers: Marina:

Royadatine porate Brecher Anaesthesia: | Angelica: Rnglo-taraeiite hoor): Rngostura Bark. Rnnyaeides. Anhydrous. Rnidine. Raman chesiateys 2. dneseias.: Antiemor: Antieebrin.s Antimony. Antiperioaice: Rneipniogist ie:s+ Rat ipyeines Bneisopeiea, Rneisestie sugary. Rper Lents. Rpomorphia.: Rava Fore Reginae. ava oF 03 RegisPlante: Rava Rguacie Agua Viewess =

aromatic Series, Reomatic Vinegar! Retaciesseser

Buckthorn. Buckwnest. ©.

Aepene teh! 2377 pybtyerics Resaying: errr Reropia or Airopinas L I N Sa Salmons Breet Balsam: Sa Bamboos 20. US Bartiaa, SSUE le aan. Baris ae Barkos eeee Ty Barley. 2 iam Barytay Baryees, Oxide’ of BatiGa, {12/361 Bane, ichomistey. crssseersseesensesesaBL Basile Bay Bedatzay Bect-tea: Belladonna’ ©0111 [3a2 Ben, 01 of (Doadiy Wightahada) erie ee Bonzote hele Benzein. Bonzoyi.. Bessoner, Sir Monty (Steel Converter) 383

Biteerwood.Black Figx: Black Lead, Graphite, Piunbaao! Bog-plants: Bonerash, donecoarch: Uone Manures. « Aeid, Boriea Acid! horacie lorage: Sorax, Biborate of" Soda per Boylers Fusing uiguors Brine-shrimp: Beiquette Brome Acid. Brunswick Biack

4

barnett +s’ biaingectingtiguid’ Butyl, see, ALconoa Butyrie Acta. — Butyric ether, ‘Pine Appi Oil! Burdock. Cacoayie; Rakedyies 10 Sadeiun, Ssesivn, Exezoinoy Calabar Calamus, Beans Coieite, calcareous Spar, Cale-apar Gaieiun,. Catonel Canora uueiaas ©1220 Gamera Obscura: Gatsshi er “Snancalie! 1.2

2303 Cancer O3t, “dosch Seopa.” Gandie.csess Ganaieverty: Eanker. = 0) capiiiaice, Caproic, capeyiic, “Caprice Capeicun. Sarat Saeaway CSeoaetic’ Acid sce Pirie’ Acid Carbiaes. Carbonyacogens’ Edeboaie held. sae’ iydzocarbane

THE SURVIVOR

Corunen | Shataza, Chatkes Chara 0000S Ghareoai /2 2.2 Cheeses Chemeai Chemistry. Affinity: Chicory. Chigee, chiggar.:! Shitbiaine. Ehitine Ehiton! Chiorai: Shiorants Ghtorie Acide s0 100000 Chiorisetrys Ehortpes

Vol.

4

1569 Currant wine! Curey Powders+ Catigie, Gueings; piant: +s Oxides (20000000 Cyanogen: Gyetin, Gyatio Damascening, Danaskening.ssscsc0 Damping offt.csessessersscscccecs Declination Needie, deci inomaters.s.10703 Denoatlonsy-ticesersecresses

SINNNT eaear CL cheeSING88 eas! Deuiriumesssss005. Delerium fronona. 200000000

Perrates.cceessccesste

Ferrideyanogen, Ferricyanogen. Ferrocyanogenee Fibrous Sabstances Pighting-tish. Biltersss++ Firearses 0000002 Fireball Fireciay.. c200000001 +. Firedampes Flatrrosisasieiciesesie Fluorinersss.00 Flusrotype: Fly Potaen:

Deoxidation..: Depiiatories.. Desiecaneey medicine, :s. Desieeationsrsssicsssc0 Fegnch Fol ishing. -

2.7 emtorophyli Shoke-saep: cmoresterin. chromiun

Chioretorm,

Cinnabar: Cinnamie acid! Citelesses Ciecutation, Giteie nid: “sided: reese Charieication: Coagulation. Soca. Coceuius’ indicus: Eoehinestsrs+s

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

x

Dinenesta. 2! Distemase Bievsincing biftastonss.. Digester

INI Mog bigestions (20001 Digteaiar 2000!Oli. Dippei's Animal Distempecersnssces-s0 Diseitiation: i020 Distinied Water...) ; Diuretic. s s : buctin bey, 2.0 Dyeing cocesersriutscos! Dynamocelectric Eee : achines. © 2! Eau de Cologne, Eeflorescence.--.

colloids. Coma, Combustion: Conerey. Eompressios " Condensers 22202. 0000001 Condiments. Conductors’ andMedicine. tion-coaduetors, Convuraion, Copaiba, Barsen of-Copal Copaichi Barks.secrets 0. Copper: Copperazss.scselce Corkander, (2200002! |? Corrosive Subiinate: Corrugated metals... Counter-ireieante Covhagessss-s+ s 2101) Ceankes:of Parkar..) Groom Creatine ssesess 220 Gricnets. Tanperaiare: Critical Crossbow, Arbalist. as Grucibiea... Crystatioysapiy+ Crystatioid. Gubeberersesisesessicces Cadbeae:

2. fuluinetesseer2 Punaric acid. oovignreiaa

Forfuranidess00000055 Fuse) or Pousel Oli... Garkiens 0200) Gelatine Gentian. Shlaing,

Hlecerieityee: Ehectrie Light Electropboruaesntel0l00. Electroplating, oe Bloctrolmataiiucgy Electrumrssetversesscesstesneseseesef37 Electuneyso0 0000020000001 nian Elecontey Choniéal (2101 IB} Wieeeigeiareseses c e r ot Elmo's Fire, St: S e eraeyeveaal, i‘ t NUUAD Geasscoit : Elutciation: Grokfire, Green Pigecats Groundnut, Pent. fened Gualacin, Eoutalacs. 2. Suns Emitaien: Guns. Enamels Gunzeat ton. 221 Epiderais.: Cunpowiers Epitheiiun: Cuteapercha. a0 Eprouvet te: Cypsumes s e Epsom Salescs0s00) Cypsynuore ess Gyfoscope: : Nategens, Sait Broddcere, L Beets Ethyisaines Harmonic Engine. + Euphorbia. Uaetahornesssress Euthanasiaing Flower’ Hashien: Everlast Hoaees Expectorants: s+ Hempe 3 Henbane, 2. Hopares:8

4

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Hippuric Acids ese. Horoisay Horsecradigh. 2 Horse-radisn tea, Hoeseghneing. Noted Mound tong.~ 2 Nouse-fiys Hydrateste woetae, "dee" Concnts liydraut Updral ieLe RoProse. Hydraul liyae ides. Acid? liyarobromic HWyaroearbons-sliyarocmioete Acid Upsrogen Iiydrephobia. Hpsroseaeios. tarosulphorie" Ald, "seo" Suipho Tygroneter. ypochtorous Acid: lypederaie Tnjection, Tdigoesss ss “eie te:esr Induet ion; Infanticide: ++ Internal Nachines, Intiuenza. Intwsione. Intweortas (20000000001 Ineusoriai Barth! Inout atlonssset1Plants Insectiverous Tpeeachanha, Iffaescence.. Tsinglaaa. .

Sapannings I Sate" and Sate hanafactures, Kateidoscopa:-r-s+ Kaoline =

THE SURVIVOR Vol. Quinoa ineschanical. esses ++ Radical, Raineguager =>

tyne LawGun:1! Hichine Magnesium. =. Marie Actas. Malteabilitys Mercury otaaicgy. Notal-work, artistic.

Mothytated Spirit

Saponif ication, “sea'olis; “Fats, Soap. Saponinersee Sareapariiias!

Napehakonas 0 Narcotine. Nervous sytem. MitEIe Acide cesses

Nitzo-benzol. ss.

Nitrogen. Niteoostyesrings 2.2000) Bey 0101 Nitrouatther, Nicrite’oé oteaadar!2!.1 Gietfane Gas;s0e ‘ethvien Dleeinos. bteie Acie lygroearsons Srgano-nctaiiié bodies! Oxlaat Orides ion.sol 0002 beter Oxyentorides! Serger: Ee Palate. Pantagraph, Pantograph. Papier-nache.«« Paregoric. Fagslonciower Parties. Patehoull

‘

Perwigs 000! Peanieans Pennysoyal:

Uighie acid. | Elenimes se Eithoaraphy: Litnotony.. Elthoeeteys. Citmiss er 0) Liver...

Teorey sponges: tueigen:

Satety-vaive: -.‘Ansonlum Chiorid Sal Aamoniae; Sarieyric acide

Pieters: Poppy: Pouaet. Potash; “Soe Potaasitm Potash’ Water, see Aerated Waters

Paoriaaie Pulleys. Puspsesselees Purple éaiors: Putty. Putty-pouwer. Pyroligneous acid, “wood Vincgae! Pyrophorus. « + Pyrotechay. Pyroxyiic spirit, ‘Wood Spiei Quinine:

Seisiier Shoit, gunPowlore., Shouider- joint: Stoweaatch: Soaprersss Soapooeey. 2. 21! Specific Density: Specitic Gravity: Specutus Metal. Spence: a Metal Spermacet! Spinal Colima and Spinal Cord! Esa Steamrengine: Stookeesecees Straw, Hanuéactares of!oe Stiantimesscserses Steyehnine: Succinic Acid Sudoritics, of Diaphoret ice! .! Sulphocyanat Suiphonal Suiphonte Acid:s Sas" dpiag 2"! Suiphueie Acid: Suiphurie anhyarie Suiphucie fener: See Bthee! Suiphurous Acid, See Sulphur’ Sunflower. annin, fannie’ Aakd. 2.212 ‘enning. ‘See Leather:

Tnderse.. Tinepiate ‘Tongue.

4

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4 Ventriioquism. Verdigris. Verditor: Versiiiion,. Vigitance Soaie

Vacuun-tabes, Valerlans veins: Varicose Varnien, vegetable Pigsiciony:

By Lyman E. Greenlee ‘The Bubonie Plague or “Black Death’ destroyed a quarter of the population of Europe during the 14th century, and it ‘appeared at various times and places throughout the Middle Ages. In 1603 in London alone 33,000 died. In 1625 it was 41,000 and in 1665 -68,596 perished. It was spread by fleas carried largely by rats, mice, eats, dogs and especially wild rodents like skunks, chipmunks, squirrels, ete. During a severe epidemic, it was also carried on the wind. ‘Now justin ease you may think that this is an extinct disease, remember that in our 20th century cases have been found in India, Iran, Arabia, Egypt, China, Japan, Algeria, Russia, ‘Brazil, Chile, Peru, US.A., Australia and Great Britain. In the last half ofthis century, the Plague has shown up in Tripoli, Uganda, Tibet, Arabia, China, and Viet Nam. Cases have ‘also been reported in the U.S.A. (New Mexico had a recent death from the plague.) The disease is caused by “Bacillus Pestis” which will live for months in a dead rat. It is destroyed by direet sunlight in 15 min. by boiling water in 24 hours, but CAN BE KEPT frozen for indefinite periods. It is a microscopic form of plant life but does not produce spores like molds. Therefore, it is most easily spread during periods of cloudy, damp, cold weather. ‘you come in contact with the germ, by being bitten by a flea, or by inhaling it into ‘the lungs, the incubation period is only 3 ‘or 4 days. At this point, the victim's temperature goes to 103/104° with headache, vomiting, diarrhea, back pains and sore muscles. There is painful swelling of the lymphatic glands, in the ‘groin, armpits, and neck. This oceurs within 24 hours and is one of the SURE symptoms of this disease. Plague spots also appear on the skin, and the skin turns blue with small red spots; hence the name “Black Death.” Death occurs from eardiae paralysis, The bacillus attacks the red ‘blood cells and destroys them so the body.

‘THE SURVIVOR heer and amie. Waite Bignenes: White vitriol. See zines

Motefian Battie, Mood-enarav ind Watersbede. Weaving

starves for oxygen. It also fouls up the whole blood circulation with debris of dead cells and other decaying consisting matter. By the time the average physicianis could make a diagnosis, the patient already dead. With the plague you may have from 16 to 48 hours to live after the onset of the initial temperature rise. ‘The worst form is the Pneumonic type which occurs if you inhale the bacteria. There is a cough and difficulty in breathing, pulse goes to 120, temperature to 103/104° and you may live only 16 hours after the initial onset of symptoms. This type occurs only during an epidemic when the bacillus is being carried in the air, or it ean happen to a person caring for a victim of the disease. The Plague is fatal in 90% or better of the untreated cases. There is NO KNOWN effective treatment that can be started after the symptoms are severe enough for a doctor to make a diagnosis! PREVENTION js the only thing that works. Persons who survive are immune to further attacks, however, no reliable vaccine has as yet been developed that. will offer protection. A bacteriological examination is the only sure method of diagnosis. It should be made from a blood culture (24-hour culture) beeause in the early stages, it will probably not be possibleto isolate bacteria by observing a blood sample directly. For those who may have to care for a victim, these rules are a MUST: 1. Wear ‘a mask so all inhaled air is filtered. Burn mask after ‘use. Could be handkerchief tied over nose and mouth or one of the “flu” masks. 2. Change and BOIL (for 15, minutes) all clothing, and this includes everything coming in contact with the patient. 3. Take a bath in an antiseptic solution and a nasal douche with strong salt water. A good antiseptic soap is suitable. 4. Nurses must wear rubber gloves, face mask, rubber boots and goggles and preferably a rubber apron. 5. All excretion from the patient must be either burned or disinfected. A crude carbolic acid (Lysol) solution is suitable for use as disinfectant. 6, ANYTHING

‘coming in contact with the patient must be disinfected or burned. The room must be fumigated after death. In the old days, they burned the house and everything in it! Not a bad idea, either. About all a nurse ‘ean do is to keep the patient comfortable, with plenty of fluid to drink; andNO food. PREVENTION: 1. Kill rats, mice, and rodents such as squirrels. BURN the remains. Burn all dead animals found in the area. Handle with a long handled shovel and WEAR A MASK. 2. Put flea collars on all pets and use other flea repellants if possible. CONFINE the pet toa flea-free area at all times. 8, Spray all buildings—barns, poultry hhouses; other buildings to kill eas and ticks. 4. Eat lots of GARLIC. Eat a whole head of RAW garlic every day. During the Middle Ages, it was the GARLIC eaters that survived. I suspect that the reason was that no hungry flea will touch a person who eats garlic. 5, Take massive doses of the B Complex vitamins for the same reasons. Also take at least 4 grams of Vitamin C daily. 6. Anti-bioties such as the Tetraeyelines are good as preventatives IF TAKEN BEFORE you get sick, but only if you know there is immediate danger of an infection. IF you were exposed to the Plague, these drugs could help you survive.

which those rootseumstituents nl help)fr theTos seed, the of Jeavon aud Shovel upon ite remedy this he, and ao fae ‘snab ane the arft False Pe ob tio is lady of the s mane. eave thethe hsprodustivene Bost vantagtnuy troImg atisapanel determined pup of eet important vary of oaphate food forto Bitaent of plants; and as it exits also in annetho in raising eaployedatleast, nol shuuldy when Ffhanty applied Bones of animals, = double relation. fallowss niuuls oF watyof reising manure forbo eels and Damely, that st shold be abyndant in sll on {he{Wlpurpotoeras et nay bo elated by mean ‘which pants arethe rleed forhandyfoodthatof toen and bones an , r l e h nok decomposition by t whis, ‘ofolygreenad crops, T a l s ; tnd, on other animal mould cone ofmpply vegetable tothe toashesto contain to aol when theyamount docay upon ie that aati the but llyamount the in {ined ‘Wood ‘a large of oar. ll Donate of potasss, with also the sulphste ond du thei?by thiegales, baralThat.uf tho& crop, found. sicher ‘Gould beSedome ‘Sioula Peat ashes vary in diffrent lite ofbutthats of tht erop thatwas sow, before tho bysudresulecting {hanwll bo"it wasunderstood Fegions, aay hreeehe felp, or tho ares of con-woo buy ne wate gai i ne feu atets” wayNitratethey of contin an(nite, of thie process air that byioatter derived fo,from thethe vegetable Jeon potusn Ploughingditused. through tho. whole in more br valtpetre) to quicken vegetable ection8 ually il and to ie the Tenves 12 Srben a dod tot rapidly de, ammonia i docper green, A hundred, pounds to the aoro of anddecomposition oretore gradualcertainly bymorete easily snd that reported to proyoung corn,offeet.have InboonTovalties of benefit [grass though generate ro acid trio Snd far Inland, e ‘iooe o are ine attra sual se when a largely Tot Indispensable is sodiuna of chloride fal, fommen sods, and fo'the sof, clthough small amount of it will theby green whothatmoglots ployed. of "Mle hedgerows hie flourish weeds Erops it. aa ANwaa exeots eontain manures “Anitnal bidice, Suportanttheynatural an" nd ofditeten,wealth.overlooks well, barteu; Land. render will sate ft ipo Toft theto themselves, aucients. the to Tnoven thea sowing heaps, colt extsnating edsol, inandcompost felde:cllet hs i Conclusions. fnoually ‘ey ald abaterally to his yeasty orops of corm We may takit forgrantel thatprovedy every tat thinking, practical indy will alu tax there Organie Mawures, Mit wn exact apt cd nen b ‘The following conclusions may be regarded ax Sandton of ony ites col ele pt scientially sustained, a8 well as eoudrmed by {0b mused nm sty and forthe that the ‘tactical experience Ben doo io aural xtusta a supp kno 1. That fresh human uring yields witrogen in fata ige.of is veguirenents will ena greater to vegetationand than The grest aiBculty i, Ttto mustoblatebo {Material abundance of easy acquisition; thot anythe other urine ieetbeialye this knowledge fully nd agsurately. ‘of animals is valuable forthe same purpose, Uut ‘outeated that, at present, amoch 18 wanting (O hot equally so. tender it ooupiete and nd exporinent directly avalltle. Talus. 2. That tho iisol exeroments of man and {Shaun ebscrvation may, boreal, ‘animals yield (if enrefully preserved from further take it soy and thas giro os a ays of tal Acconposition), agrcutere, only remain to he added to Valuable saline notani only eatthyaitrogen, natlersbut thatotherhaveine teientife ‘ k ' f e w statements ‘been already exteasted tn fod frou the sul haeberebeen thesaid.saterala he besthave.natural uyderivedace 3 hat aoiual eubstances whieh, ike urine, wat Those beon Aes, and Ulood, decompore raphy, are fitted to {om dhe breaking up and dscompeition, not of

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

enettyrpmby aitor Iyer,water,but ofnd manyittyavidBondomi peter? andintarmereanotlo Improving aebetby WnaedSa titsny dhe Ee “retheirepacer o ofnour: shen ae eagle consisting styan etGigante tnd sketancs ie iin sie tie'sndof towatyngabet poxaf Feelin bathe exomaton

1577

MACKENZIE'S

Tana, Femaining yielded § twoparts in 6 of sisious sand; and Soil of this desorption ars managed with inf the consisted of carbonate nial lees (rouble, anda am expenso gently fe. ofSt lime silexyalumitaparte , and-a innate Femaea proportion {Deor ropeio at prudiced clays require; uta are the generally wae ineof decouapesiog aniial and vegetable frou them Of theso sol the Tost wan by far the meat ‘sulle value. ‘Thoreare many vation of Sondof and the frat to lost, coherent in Yexture, Tail fs well us of clay; a n d in somo parts ‘ise, parte of Snely.divided tho soil which ry, thewherelnartibcial surfac is itl planta better Wilthannta bare tenacity tho constituent n d sins are the for atid, take tions; aod they possess this quality in proportion oot unless a dase of clay or good earth fs previtee gaan a aiine (ar earth fay) thoy fusly administered. This is'not tho soll ipeant bythe furmer when hespeaks ofsands, Tospenic ‘The varying power of s o i l to absorb and retain racially, the although soil meantthere10 onebo Whoro sandetheris weer fro the tie, is mish eonnested wih thie Predominat, several Eid pai ttnand itera of tse te done, proportions inTerllity. "hisfertile absorbont powerTheiriv alwaye greatest Sarthe in the mistore. From containing great tee nt byauy tho most lands” prodacivenes e Sanfy of eand hee a ae all Ma and {i als much Sofuenced hy the autee of the ae unbting and never getfe heinto grat aco even nthe di fone re ale elas having bn ormed sil en which they rests for, when sole are sit ist wether. "hia erie of Fonte dopstons of oly an very theytied drymeaty’ wyonthe sun'sed ofagencrock or ee, finotion betwixtto sand and that aundy i loame, A eandynet sooner b y y than Whos Team owing the clay in i dost fsSohal para ofan ovum ia eay or mani | E down,dogree or bee loss ikeafter areal sandyof tray won the ecacel sonfe vol heated evrabeol ‘A great deal more might bo enid upon other crumble’ Uutretainea of adbesion wetuecs Grought, notwistanding the quantity of Ion, saad Sane fuel Sn tha Are covtatngof ary rondeed point, Bat LR as ben alendy re the i ined with it. Perbape struc aandy tnarked,Ravo uitura sence yefuro yt, topero ineunibentall ale upon a "Upon sound esc, sansevery theKindmost value Tels a inistake or the practic! eoteun r abioof of 6gain Sires bythety the Beau”fom Beeson Btof vegetable of wl or‘boolurcass;faring” as if levers womelbing visionary inny be raised’ with advantoge, aa 20 Srivea the reales wile,aed onthe ser band, the agcout Deller ealoutated forare taraipe at grant sit ei hav Nel and ei ud Ural chemist ‘vogetable physiologist mush ‘The rel sande not favorabs tocovers he growth ‘pon thosly hich have been s p r e a d oro iby ful all their ndettos and eonlaalns toto ef wheat untocs when provoiel by ml ‘rere and ain o r which ns toon add by the testof earful and repeste tral The o n e en Lind th sarace and confor a teunporary sisenguh indie of men for the purporr of Snoeed fttsad feldow co'ruhing anolyzo stl,ervpsyaud tho other ean racely for sustaining that tegrain,of esMehdescription ofthe county ot 0 they mat help euch Novfll im Boglond; nit orgie parteierntvarias col much ioun quantity, and, ers, togetber, Hid ofin thendvanclng theGeant oldestof Yisiell known Uat Tow ofdatits of the‘Til Kingdom wcita“Dnis qaity, pent glne heSTSher,hum and’one most i e l d a greater quantity produon. Nov stences that of the eats eultar iowover, was invigorated by olay and marl measlyDF colivsad ane ia gent Say aiouat nes of i waa ite eter t h e n waste; but the sucessanewwhich solaccompanied tho uve of thess PRACTICAL PARMING, tran Gond wheat ay conta often ‘usileris, was in'& anne man rented} Gonponent parte of Se Hitless wight parte In t h e hundred o f organs ‘whieh, ‘ h y ’ « continuation of Judlelus Sita ofw soil vegetable matter;only onte14 perandeent.; 2ye will ‘The principal eomponont parts af the si, whist. ‘ent hus given a degre of faio thatto the hasbandey ‘over row in containing ant may be tue coun are clay, lime, sand wate, oF tht country, Tar turpassing of other diz arley when ouly two oF tree parts per coat. aro hd ait. ‘ho primitive ears, argiy lime, and Ueiets tural aore fer, fang) contain cach, perbaps in’ nearly equal do present. frees Gravely Suite the offyodYegoteton of planta; arebutmostin tele ation anthe ‘The inorgante portion of any given sul, agai, Purposes complately ‘Tho open porous nature of theso sole disposes fs divisiblein'wates, into twoaudportions; tat part whlch i Ewered, Tho protse quantities ofeach neceeary them to ibe1 woistare, and to part with iwi soluble thus tusily taken’ up by {o''make thin‘union erect, od. whether they fctromthe tTater Plants of ani which siete and'a gh that ob equal at vary eany to sera o , burn, iota mich more bulky portion wel Se fa tered, p o l n t is Boat dotermined in practic, The iain diferenes. Sir Humphre y Davy found the folloning to bo ‘ten the fromthe sil provessuperabundance to be neither tooof clay, Sif nor not fravel and sand is thatthe formers shieBybetweok come the compusition of good productive tel Ta {Uhotive, Doved of suall sft stones; though every 9 in parts, tote & consisted o f eiccous the ft to Toate and. weal a texture, fom nn over ‘Stones aveof of the onlearsous Feimuning (one-ninthprt) was composecand; aliloun or orSintychalky,na d in 100 Siuantty of saudi ite composition, “Th medfots tare, and, i n ollrs, Pars, a8 fellowes bitsmont butsefr an exoeaytoyards adhe: rom these oonsttationalcveumatences aries the Carbonateof lime (chalk)... 63 grain ifiomindoublelly ie ebviosly Auponatl orit acong col propriety of deepening gravelly sulle hy evats of Paro alex, Holds the water which falls for eiong cart, ofandgrassof keeping them fev by free Pure aluming, or thé earthfnofdlay,” a |11Ib graina: grains ting, and, Being capable of mush ploughing, ie thurlor Quent return’ Oxide (east) of irom, we Baturally' well-qualied for, currylag. the Woot et manure. Gravelly wily and fromnep nted thoapplications le and other saline maiter, " . 38 graine, lightness inthe of grains. Talusble stuble Srope. A. light to or one of their texto, are not expensive or uiflealt Moisture and loss, . 3 graiues Texture fasbloexhausted and easly bybroken, om equa Ineane ofeulivation. All the necessary businene trary, soon aration, and Fequited for gravels may be earied forward with 100 ronovation Uy. grt; of olherwis i cannot bo ‘tae and expedition; and& proper ‘Thus sch suestateare in gones the wholo amount of organic matter in this ‘Sulvated to advantage, fa, soon brought fate Instango for the 19. I s only 1 paren 200, of one option of crops. erStratecota et whan el one-half Wr deme To dininguish Clayey Soil. Minepropriety constitutional qualities themof gravels point out the fallacy of supposing that decompose A clayey soil, though distinguished by the t u e of ploughing fnlinal au thetroomthe and yogetablo ater fo ths soll fran the colas whic i bars, nase black, while, yellow, surace tll tony be augmented, audSeopygreater taclasive apply te growing plants SS vound ditere fouseonsequenty al aber sul, being tought to“A thoshellow-plongbed growth af the plants cultivated on Tn another lastaney aol was talon from a fla Wot, cold, and requiring good given ftom. gravel canby stand infuk Shsvex,romarable for ie growth of ourching calf labor rom the husbendan belo Seam se f e x c e a s of weather, however enriched ina trees “Tt consisted of 6 p a r t e of sandy and be suticiently pulvorined, arcornplacedor grass, la sateClayfor Tis barat up by a day or tvo of droughe, and part of tlay and. fnoly-divded matter Dearing arial crops sf equally injured by an excessive fal of Tunared ruins of it yielded, in chewed Ins Iind fs known by the following qualities, or pros isralpalmost aot the panbe frequenty ori otto hich suc gunge otis. foil easily gai, broken wthrough by Ofeilca (orsiex), . ss. Bt grainn. Pye ds wator koa evp, and once wetted doce deep plougting” OFCarbonate aluminn, ” * . .* . * 28 reine, aot goon diy. In like mhner, whon thoroughly of lime, 3 grins: Any, itis mot eoon wotted if wo exept the varie. Uses of different Seite, Oxide of frome. 5 grins {ice which avo «thin surface, and ere the wort ‘Vegetable matior in'a state of decoinCiayey avesoils,natal when aulotenty enticed with slayoroereoke snanures position, yess 4 grains, wel qualied foreoryiag ey Moisturesad los. 6 grains. trope of heats ots, bonus potatoes and cloverete butor evenate IFTikeplowed in a wet sat, i sticks to the ‘ot fitted for b a r l e y tatvip mortar, and in dry susomety the Tor being Kept user for gree longer ban one plage 00 plough turns it up inby great clods, soazeely to be Sean Bash tile oght tbe roultly summers "To sole, of the practical ‘rok oF separated the heaviest roller. farmer wheat will be mostthe attontion strongly directol. Ello sx of at eat once inin clean it year, cellent wheat soll trom West Drayton, in "Anng.ex: To manage Sani Sole. von whenoncom they arccomparaiively sae,

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

1578

MACKENZIE'S whch greatly promotes the rotting of the award and stubble.” This should by gathering Up tho idge, which both layebo thedone grouud dry und Hs up the furrows. As soon as soodctime is oven, the ridge should be cloven down, preparatory ‘ross ploughing; snd after lying’ & proper Une, should be harrowed and rolled repeatedly, and ‘every partite of quiakens that the burrows hare

thy contact grou andadoton fm ntto he Sandman, with whish whether it ie exeouted, thegrasyeropearinof tho hnssloughing, ony to be renoved by exposure of cor or great fun Snd wind during tho dry months of sxsmer, ‘rue fut Soil ofthis unlss kind rossive itor lags, labor; but, tthe inearly ages,tin,was theperformed by ploughing, oo faraslite thbene elr surfacofromia thereby doand moder plough hes boon necesnary the univer! natrument banc sed forof ral enaeating 4 mellows and reduc {his and aiportant work, prosonted to the frost, which Inbecause no otherthe mayexponsocan lange Selda be turoed over, {hem i n manner infutely superior to what could af digging withthe spade, bbe socomplished by all the operations of man. the only other uted of tarnig over he ground, BUil they ploughing; nro not cleaned or mado this free operation of woods Yeuld iuch exceed any prof thatcan be Seaped, by winter and therefore lying aboveobstrastion or below heto. perfect surface ate the can only bo considered ab a. good means for pro- most‘inesfortidable tage, uring a aved-led, in which tho sbeds of the future On stony ground, tho work i aot oblyinperfecly rep may be anfely deposited, Hence the nece executed, but pieinces, many eases the inplement. ily of cleansing soils during the suintaer to end a considerable potionardor.of ‘months, and of havingclay alwaye tlarge partot ever Ureken ost Uetoreit f e repaired ead putin lay fate under summer fallow. All clayey toe time removal balow of stones therefore,ovghtcepecially of Foaqirerablegreat industry and care, az well as 4 con ‘Tho To Prepare the Ground the eurlace, to be & pric portion of knowledge. ia. dressing oF suchry iobfontare with ‘Tho above object is most completely. acoomevery agroaturet; because © ‘nanagement, o He p them in good oondiion ; yet plished, when the boomground fs plough ind vany aftrmards oeesion hin ‘when thoir natural toughness fe got the better of, and inconvenience. nual, while th of the furrow imedately thoy always yield the heaviost and most abundant "To drainble tholas ground, bore in other words, to ly it the subsoit i prteoty Toveened and turnedthe srops, "One thing requisite for a elayey soli to dry also clans lage oxcodingly for peng guslly over with tho part whish constitutes Koop it rich and full of manuros'n poor clay boing {ng’connot bo performed with alvantage where Surface, "In "many places these properties sre ‘the ungrateful fltogethor aoglectad, thethe ground being ploughed ble most of repaying the ofall expentesols,of and labor,hardly after capes being tlther the surge or eubsol i wet inastallow wey, who bottom of treploughed ‘worn cut and exhausted. "A clayoy til also 70: Bent Mode of Tillage land romeiow soaething kothe thefurrowteth ef tay, ‘cives, comparatively, smell boned? fro grass; ‘Tho only euro and eortin way by which thesoit having the under part of 1d when ono allowed to get into a sterile con: leanedor rendered free of weeds by ploughe snd consequently not removed by the untowohel, action theof ai 0, Festore the. mostfertility activo to iendeavors with ditiin the sumer months, when the geound ia i h e plough, Wile there things avo sured culty ater will Tapes of many ing Ary, and weeds’ when, may by thehe influence of with the sunSuclity, and jest of tage ts only paray getnods "The als the destrayed. or plants ganwe dreaohod only Ve imperfectly procured; ‘Upon light caso iehusbandry; very diferent,snd ‘hesbare Scldom at any othet period isthe sol nach bens: food fd the ground abt injured by wel. ourish undersollthe tho grase Bt by ploughing, unlees so forse eced-bed is bess} theso ridges, of pisos of Iahdy which ore ‘summer fallow is rarely regulred, because they thus procure for the sucseeding crop and though Zot out, preventing a dencent ofthe maiatre fom tay be cleaned and croppel in the same ttove tothe open furrows {heintermediate stuation ploughings or stato of thoare bestowed, ground, whenis ofthees Tet byfor onoearring it of ‘with thot valuable esculent, turnip. Upon fu. Where the sotbed is prepared Foils, howover, wheat can seldoin bo extensively portance in judging of their atiliiyy yt the radi= {ho reatent etre ought fo be tedWhentt ploughing, having ‘ultivated; nor ean a crop be obtained of equal {a process of sumusrfallow cannot, by any means, ‘lovely and equally performed,” two fre9 Yalue, e i t h e r in rospect to quantity or quality, as dlspensed with. Thowgh, if tho mine given, they suould be in opposite direction, fn olay sand leamer ‘The best method of procus torfe tiogethor and. spring ploughinge aro exetated. under hat any firm land lft inthe et may bo out up {ng wbeat on light lands, isto dow upon a clover vireumnstanees, and forplonty tho ctcond of manure ploughing. is fnPlough Itean ds benotelelyProStalo to ‘stubble, whon tho coil has got an artidelu! solidity Favorable tsnay be delayed w greater nunber twos obe ayy avoided, of body and is thereby rendered capable of su athand, OtIndhandey yeurd than istois be otherwise practiablo, if good ‘Avothor inportant”polottumunds prosaring maintained 00d tillage, is never eneniragement to plough the land ‘Withott soumer fallow, or w h i c h He tho same frre state; becauue ie tha ‘and ‘upon eth baray found ally gener {o'the ‘hing, without working the ground in the summer gromth of moody wile e s o u r n of ‘This ad greatlays-aboneGt a8 wheat donths perfect husbandry se snattanab on all Kosion i communicated to the geoundyes enwhieh fo peat earths aro more friendl to nd y Kteavy or oneolda olos sols, or and’retentive upon bette every variety n- arely gotfallow tho better af tillrepeated, the opersions of & thefavoragrowth seasons of oats athanheavyof other rang though jn ‘inmet are nein cuttont Keep with hi landeverycleangoodwilfarmer}always for be it pring ‘All soils ought Hach not to kindbo wrought of ploaghed obtainedla from a thin clayey orop eo, ofwhenwheatit hastaybeonbe ‘Toobject the i a {none monnor. has fs particular and completely summer-fallowed and enriched with Moglected, in plaso of sppropriatequalities; earying r i c h crops of grain and, dung. A frst application of ealeareous manure rapes the ground will bo exhausted by ropa Jsupongenerally accompanied weads. must Whore land is fut, every operation at Troughing,whiah isthe capital operation of these olla; but when with onee great the efeatadvantage of this StHusbendey be proportionably-non-etective; bandey, obght, on these aountay to bo sdmini. pplication fe over, it conTandhardly be repeated sre bethe fot manates applied wily toa great tered aoording to tho nature of the eet whl acond tine, leestarthethe net hagdi Yeon very can sad ease, {o'beone operated upos,and notprinciple, exoouted agreeably ‘The necessity of summer fallow dopenda greatly to fixed and determined Ou strong ‘upon the natu and quality uf the wily as pea clay and lous, and on ved gravels and doops fan, to sols, a ropettion of tis practie fs less fox the plough ought to go af desp asthe cate standing the ploug Lavo ‘quently required than upon athers. Wherever able to work ty meron, on thin lay tore“Wheatthan ought aear orbe twoin tho course of cropa atation, heAigpesed toll i to incurbent upon when fad barren ely oriueumbent fi is ups sands th especialy ore ‘ery. tenetofwhen deop ploughing is to the predominant upon get foul, than quentionubley u h ar au tha lay and rong Tomy a n ight Suubent gravelly inbottom; besides, wet tise soils, umber on a til bottom, orsuch,wheremhenthe turned subsoil up,fs tolls of every Kind are well qualiied for tarnps, sfgdryploughed fa yellow-oohre nature} winter, contrasts which barley, eta. U p o n the thin aad mooriah oe, eats letiens the feeiving pasture af auffclentnourishwent, art plant, and provents being tte bettr than poison fo the turfoo, use strigs onary preven prominent rank, end them from When ese highlyof imprognated ith posonous alluvial stbstanes teedenywithbo diferent outivated upon every ono of land of a day gravelly bottom gots foal, i touy the effect compost, whtohexpala che fem, though degrees of nlvantage, caslyC8 crop, be cleaned without a plain stunner fallows Sontained ia whole thiskindof subsoil acsording to the natural and attbetl richness of and gives a foe chs turDips ea, may be subst ity tothe mass, nore decisively tach tllo o t h e qualities w h i o s it possestes for perma: tuted in it place, which, when dried at prop heat than would fallow heavy application Snoouraging the growth of sloor, in th B r a t i. of te Intervale, adit ef being ploughed ne offen at Set rotten dng Sane, and preserving the roots of the plant after: eetsary ;wisreas wet sols, which are paturally Too uta of Penghe required for perfet Tillage wards 15 erops, muss o» closned theOn clayey soit, where the ridgea aro to that Operation of Titoge. unfit for carrying tue groundcondition, ay be presorved in ‘something like Titlage i s a n operation whereby tho sole ether brought into good onder by froquont plough ary the plough ‘used for lage cleared from nosious weds, se prepared for to. ings aud barrowiogs duting the summer months Srught to have w'mould-board. considerably miter eulivatod hy thebu planta of saad the ving ft than is required for light sullen order thst To Coudteet a Faltor Sandan ‘Wheo ths pertion$t noglsted, or ie teow mey ‘be alto eat Below, end only fren parialy excouteds the hence, ll becowes foul, ‘Upon all clayey soils (and upon euch only is tured over." Vho mathod of constructing. the Dirten, and ‘unproductive; spon arable ‘8 complete aumnmer fallow necessary) the fiat Plough necesarly makes a Heavier drasght thea Ploughing ought to Ye given during tho winter Mould ue farms, tillage formto thete perfetion prominent branch of work; months, th mould-boned oF as early In the spring as possible; ntly; Dough if good Sd, ecording oF Superfeetion and talent paced work

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

be wanted, the necessity of oonstructing the im. plement in tl and ough to be beste used on light of whet ploughin ia techled sole ‘srowa Ghatand.adimitfurrow

atworkbelow,ina. and peeootyok bomanner. capable Onof very executingfarm,the.consisting ofbo "mixed toll, to sets of ploughs ought. to ke “All ‘ierwiss proper work efnnot be performed. Ind ought to bo ofploughed with inchs a sowlder,way’ and hethat, advantages plovghing. ars, if ploughed. Before winter, the surface ‘sosbled do ret tho winter nui e and afterwards thethe harrow ean se @ a fase on whieh Dresont oper impression, when ‘Sxetuteds This“ dosorves

‘ap? as, by cover Teoting it, the harrow are often unablo'to the food: It is perfectly practicable to plough land say 10,provided 11, oF 2 inches,with wandtoterably yet to broad ploughfurrow, it clean, tho implement weed is properly constructed; but, then, care mustdeopness, be takenotherwise that the it furrow proportionate will bo be Taidof fnDroper its back, inst of Using deposited procees at an ang! for undergoing the harrowing "Tho use of suboiler ia now to turn up. tho depth of the soil. In sandyeomiaon, earth, beneath {on-lach go'ten tuches deeper; butfarrow, this ais subsoiler not easy may or potsible in. all oils, Implements of Husbandry. No country in the world is better provided with fmoploments rural labormay,thanin Great ‘Bteia; andfor toexecuting this superiority some measure, bo attributed tho insteased’ ahd ine essing of agrcultre whole land. perfection American fogenulty has goneoverstillthe urther ploughs of all thein the same direotion. “We have ‘eonatruoted:

Ur various constructions. and. dimensions, Squsily numerous. Dati ein tho arileroore propery machinery, ent thatthetostconepiouous superior , Sr Aaefianalldruralto implem js Drills for sowing grain aod. mall sels with ‘epulority, boon conatrctod upon siento principles; bave and. tmechines for t o grain p a r a t i n g From stray, have been Jnvented, ead breagit &‘whendogreotheseof aaobinee pevfeotion wore whichdestfowitroduced, peopla expectedto ‘The double Michigan plough i an important Iinprovomen plough. Tostoadwtof = t ona thesenallod plough fouler it-has eatfrom theia front takes fore aiethe aod, ondof thomakerother, Gleanerwhisk work plough. Stouin ploughs havo also boon invented. 16

1579 ‘Tho machine, when made to be used without » plough, to bo drawn by « part horse,containe may bo.ofthe diferentandlengths. The upper hofngo p ers, the spouts. from whichThe thsoveral grain rpoute or soedal rest descendsupon sbar, which snd plays Treely by two ional supporters; trigger, Sxed to thie busy toh wheel: this being fixed on the axle, lar and eoutinued ‘tation, of slower or quicker spouts, the of Jogging ‘portion to the space the person sowing inwith pro-it Urives. At the bottom of the machine ie placed fn apron of shelf, in a sloping postion, aud tho ‘corn oF seed, by fulling thereon from the spouts ‘shove, in every direstion. ‘To sowis eeuitered the cornabouter coud in drills, there ‘movable spouts, whigh are Axed on of taken ft pleasure, to direct the soed from the upper {pout to the bottom of the furrow. Harrow, ‘Taose boncficial implements aro of various sizes snd commonly. used dimensions; consists of but four thebulls,harrow with mosteross-mortised sheaths, exch bull containing Ave testh, of Marrow of this kind, drawn by one horse, aro generally used on moat farms for all purposes, though on others large brako-harrows, consisting of five bulls, each ining six teeth, nd worked by two horses, fre employed during tho fallow proves, and for Foducing rough land Soune of theve brake-har~ ows1D accommodate are contlrustedthelrwithshapeJoints, as to bondof to the40 curvatare iges. A small harrow, with short teeth, Is alto ‘sed grass seeds, rom,though, Tarely forseencovering any irient palingw grate ‘as doop into the groundas the tooth of ordi ary ted Narrows are eapable of going.

Phe bat methods of Harrowing. When employed to rauco n strong obdurate soil, not moro than two barsows should be yoked together, beonute they aze ape to ride and Combe pon eachother, and thuOa Hapedo thesolework,hatsows nod execute it imperfectly. rough Sraght to their bo devon at{sinfast thoathdirt boresproportion ean wallyto Hsnsno eet the degre of catsvsloity within verywhich case they whoreare deveba Javordinary , and eon coveringbetauveth theyte , thSIes up bar Toma aceis themeant bottfor yoke, ond‘anmorewhonofectaslly andnumber leave 1 ployed, fower rasan a smalior ‘Theoadharrowaman’s atsntiony nt theto prevent evel Procthe bo eonstantly directed implements from of riding upon cach other, andto ety them lear ona impediment fom atone lamps offor earth, or theso elods, prevents ant quiekens or gras roots; any’ of the finploment From with perfston, and causes snark&o Grtho traieye, t working upon the eurfaco,alivaye wnplnsing andtho generally detrinontalie usually tthe given veg lation ef Sool. Harrowing Infanddiferont direotions, fret in lfret engty ‘Cnrofl thon serobus Sal in l e n g t h an at ‘Dindtoon studythe, im theburrowsfaishing partin ofa thestragght profen, to have. dawn, Fin, withoutand suforing theattontive horas tothat gu intho8 sige imager, aro alo horsesa fnter fairly upon the ridge, without taking Surve atthe outa, In sho istanses an oxcean2 ftfhe harrowing han been found very prejadiial euccooding erop; but itisthe frei, lays necessary tovgive so mash ay to brea and loved theperformed murfue, otherwise th operation Se tnperostly

{The universal Souing Machine ‘This machine, whether made tobe worked andby tuanddrawa bya horse, or xed to @ plough, sed init yinot able extremelyto be slope in Heeof order; oomelraaeaa ion, and put out thore it sowbut wheat, one movement to dicect the whole Teteed,willhemp, barley, eal, rye, el flax,af otbor canary, KindsPape, ¢ barn : frost variety grain and aee8, rondenst, aa accuracy hitherto oaknows Heevill Uiequallydnlwithwefut when fixed toe plowghy i s more extensive varaty of gral, Dulte, andto quality), seed (through every exch gradation, with Regard ad deliver ind ith srentar regularity than any drill plough whatever, ‘Amongfllmanytotosbor valuable nad. poles proportion only ow in the brondeust Wayox Rollers hithenie n'ont singolar exastnee, but save the oftunderseedatnan; thoat pleasure) seed being andsowntho(either ‘The roller 6 an implement froquently used for Uver or furrow Tend ploughed at tho tame operation ‘hnoth machine {he falling is,of the ool. wood er iron, astording to the nature of the epera-

MACKENZIE'S

tion intendeda rollerss tobe ported. ‘The only naterial Aifurene their weight; but it should toAlamtor, attendedthatto, itawhenweight© roller ie tunis of large ought to bythe restr, for beproportion ttheof Inrgeness of its which Ueterte ‘rl the extent surfuce upon Tollertobefestayia proportion ‘The weightto ofaits diameter rullor ought there {ore oto {tect wilHowever, be proportionably diwinished. ‘Koling, ispurposes. a modemnthinprovement, and ute for dierent Oat grass pace ive of great advantage to toll young iter tho ground a atone,tho beans toand ayo can ie be plated nearer urfac, tho crop fur more equally thaa omwhen,whichtho. turnips opera are to Baty? Gand eirepettol can rarely bo taleimplement. fe enough; uso ofthis Ad without th Baly. ae prow of sumer fallow, upon sreng rolls, "bysbdueato " rolling,odybecause Witiouti is aide‘ulvanced largo and eas asegras eradicated. Prom it walland really appea,are thatTe Toller of various sizes dimersions Quire on ovry farm for accomplisbiog diferent Purposes “Wooden Toller dramatrpby soeland; hore,but Shamer very wel for gras’ and tansayslonezllers, drawn eter onhy claytwo sll. or ies Hoven,“tis areobvious,abwoltay novesary thetof rollers whoa ought a largoat once Bel tobe fe to setbo rolled number Btfeverwork, othervise an opportunity may febe ost lest, bo rogelaed, ho detelenoy Conspicuous whenFromborloypoaching i taken theaftergrouad tureswithin 2'dry seaon, Sarl inorder ofto cary of thedogseeorop,6 andsifuene oven byte Gefontrsted, reading shecp,t. which the uso of tho olor fore‘On algrateoceasiona seeds canrequires bo sown Tt going 2 mostfa length, benefotalthe toiaplorol across, besuse, wien tment is aslivation of mall bench to the preventing furrows, thothe lightest af the sges ‘ror tom being equally performed." eaper i ‘ition whish takes place when rollre areprocext used, ‘compared vith the ttioss and oxponsive ‘ofal breaking cloda with proved mally formerly the geno:of coctum sulfolenty the inportunee oso implements, though desorves to upom be 70-a fared that, when rolling Te bestowed. spring-town ‘eld, borrowing st afterwards a of theof slode when advantage.the earthBy harrowing feat frueterreduced, stands the fects sa 49 afteriands, and does not consolidate Brmly as when tht process ia neglected, ower and Respert oe farals of greatOne vos, ape the ttower, o' ‘Thathor» camiasanas withbo lane mating, iu botto reapers perfor ate.Gaty Goutracted both with {frame aod. grainy pocily oF thoef latter. are sloby inane isPsome’ parts the oountsy,"Wenderdrawn howe POM he Phrashing Machine, ‘Tho thrashing machino is the most valuable implement in the tofarmer's possession, ‘which adds more the general produooand.of one the Country, than any invention hitherto. dovised, ‘Tho saving of mauual Tabor thereby obtained is almost incaloulable; while the work is porformed fopiastcable, p mich soreeven perfect than care wae formerly mhon manner the utmoct and ex frtion ‘wero bestowed. Tn fast, had not the Ghraching machine’ been invented, Wt is hardly possible to conceive what weuld have been tho Fale of expense of thrashing, or even whether 8 fuficent nutnberbeenof olitsined hands could, any rate theof fxpente, have for atthrashing igeuin of the country. ‘Sinco the invention of this machine, Mr, Meikle and others have progressively introduced a variety ‘of improvements, al tending to vimplify the labor, fandtaaugmont ho quantity of thework performed.

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 When first erected, though the grain was equally well teparated from tho-ttrum, Jet Of the straw, chal, and gral, we ately thrown into’ a confured heap, the work ‘ould only with propriety be considered as ball ‘xeguted. By the addition of rakes, or shakers, find two peirs of fanners, all driven by the same Imachinery,and thewinnowing diferent areprocestes thrashing, thaking, now all of atone per: formed, and tho grain immediately prepared for the public market. When It it added, that the the tuperive from toa of grainig gained ‘auantity Sr the machine fully equal twentiethpowore part ff the erop, and that, in somo cases, the expense of Teasthrashing than whatand wascleaning formerlythe grain paid foris oonsiderably cleaning it moe, tho immense saving’ arising from tho in‘ention will at ence be seen, "The expense of horse lnbor, chargo from theof hitinc keap-sd and tho value of the anioal Tog, Doing ‘an object of great finportance, Te fecommentted that, upon fll sizable farine, that Eto sty, where two hundeed neve, or upward the machine should be worked byof gesin'are Wind, uotesssows,where local cieunstances aford te convenioney of water. ‘Where coals aro plenty and cheap, steam may bo advantagoously dsed for working the machine.

1580 horses have travelled eightor nino miler, which {isthe oxtont of their ret journey; they are then led off to be foddered. end ‘watered, ‘when th trodden Tight thestrawsheavesis takenlie close, ‘of as anddeep areas but the place where pattilly bruised, ie removed, of ‘Asthe toon widthad ofthisthe Sstbed straw is turned over om one-thid the other ‘tro.thieds from tho inner side oF ecto of tho bed, hich The Horses narrows nro againtheTodneckon, ofthe and trotnextoutjourney.” thet second Journey, till the straw be clear of wheat. ‘The duter the bedthe horsesjs chen taketurned«nother upon jourthe fiddle partpartyof when ney. ‘The loose straw being then taken off the ‘while bed js turned up from the oor, nd remaining shaken with orks, and ladles of rakes, ior which the horsce give another tread, which Suishos from the theoorwork.with ‘Thethe grain houde ii ofthearakershoved tur up

MACKENZIE'S

fields‘Thethat rewidale tof April bo danged in autumn, i's good tieprovent Torthe cari the{rox foeyard but tis des not wor going partly ferward through tbe winter, when‘Whensuitabledriven.opportunites ooour out of the foldsyard, thepile,dungnot should be Heid up in regular heap or fxoceling lxcarequatler, orbe four fectnotandto patsalteitherin Height; ad shoutd ten horse or cart uponto ie,tent whioh andis easly nvood hy ‘cing the eat Teyng tho dong ompucly together withthe 8 extremities grape or fk. Ie ie ‘ho! uefa‘ face up with earth, ‘which inthedoingmoistare, and Perhaps prevents w the stallcu od windKeeps from. Injury. iy of earth‘Dung,etrewod upon th toptm thismightman. aaa when tanaged very rap but i it fo ‘er, general toiy beforments na backirard ‘iecavered sate, a completo turn over, about the Tat of May, when the esas warm, will quicken the process hetar Is ehakon asunder, th sooner will the obin view boapotaccomplishes jot“A secluted of groc, mach oated exposedwithto wind, and perfeotlysecute fromnot betng dratst,pileoughtor Reape, always toIfthe bo chosen buch fell to forwhichthe ste tis ofto bosavedapplied at Mand ite inatter-toulte maybe by tadoposting fe a there tho frst instaneo, But it found most convenient to rererve apiece of ground adjacentto the homestand for this pure pose.a greater hore i quieantitywlwayscan under the farmer's eye, be snored in shorter {me the situation distincttho $Bendes tinhan when. wet weather (and thieie nore generally time chosen for tach an operation), the roads are not eut up theby heap drivingis made, toa distance, Held only on which may be butpoachedthe and injured considerably. wee

twentber for soveral days, havehe Sous. corest American, grculturiets howorer, adjoining Ue{it tstreading ‘oor, where the grain is Geposied cleared from t h e ebalf sud ofa; though. 2ie ost of them continue tending, tho weather fuvorable, til the whole orp i spatatod from ‘Method of Treading Grain. 18 tho grat obviousof that pretty is it etram, the Tn tomo counties wheatmay i a8 trodden out by Hands a Sonsidenuble ebanee damaged being hoteesy easy in tho asin wee frat ‘efor the several procostes ato conclued, done‘The in tecuding Palestine by oxen. A hors butao thegonerally fom dame sity to Fannere 1b‘sy thofot easier in dansater; lags thelr advantage of sash ao geuin mashing t h r a s h i n g Xf is tho work. to tho horses, ‘Tbe to tho pubis f y noparating completely Waa or path om which the sbesves are lui aud {he ey i tedation of fame othe from ae on{pefuue whichfettho wide, horsesot walk ts from twelve to tren an chaff, from cleaneed is g r a i n which b y Chine more. ‘The floors re comare Torts of offal nay, with justi, be conahered only enclosed by fences; and the horses ageieulturst.fx to the pruetieal boncde muchines ofSinceealthrashing Upon Heavy Lands, fenerily drivon between them promiresously and were introduced, ealbe pressing toe foremost 0 and that fresh to (hei, Upon slay ois, whore wheat forms a principal annoted machines every casowhorearo powerful ininstangos almost ners airFoss, may sbtained,—biting joatiog, Kok Eni in rome of beaasfor qusnttia of the crop,andwhorefow great parteulivated; Jing each other with tho greatest fury.” ‘The labor fro used Atted internally with auftable riddles, t unless sown, tornipe Tee jfinal n‘ this Moors way is contretiok extrem ly vero. Upon(0 which some Sorfectly practical to measoro and market tho the sae of mach coms, the rttog of ding i not ta pled, wise,ordinaryne fray hntdiately asf eomed fom the achive nly a treublesowe but am expeneive ange a rope; orm pole and swivel, and four of the by consumed fs wat of lopendent fre horses being fortoned together, travel sound ‘Tho term manure isMaurer some tunst, tho straw of lan thebo uverplan faa oratock, to How applenon indsorieinatey t h o s regularity. in to kept pail by rotted, otter, experince from aro which substance, Breviously to laying down the wheat sheaves, he all racks, in srw tho toceivo either who od-gard, to enrich the diferent soils, or eomtibut stato of dry tho through any aa thetho dhy, probability of ta ‘cont tither ond yar to boto eaten the-Agconling thrownby serot i down ny ather moy to tender thom tore favorable ‘rhave in tinuing de flly considered, move this thea, trodden AF{o past thoy away revolvetilto thotrendydow theis removed orange A'row euforodaf {0 vegetation. Ch a stilof tisgreater evident removal fe is frquent n, foro CEconsuptio of eubjot the low, of point aprsultaral Tan uneof aces nesenelty ranures feof the fiat magattade, To corect sheaves i v frat lid opon th floors with the bead trampling tho from olieryise dongy fade. coll, Beasts, and the uaval want of moisture, ie would diferent rope, intheexhausting to vogetation fand a line noroee task ofand those ‘hot tois hurtful by Doliterbuttsfor inrecsiving other thesheaves; Tost ie what reatne putre to prevent as altogether ao nsch coin oupros be body, may which agrieltaro boaves range with the path, or eltelo, the butte nd im operations fr farts yon sufieendly dung propare Co faetlons thebyanal dlsuserin curingot t o t h e ‘eating on the for. Other shesvos are r a n g e d in fared tayIt aes an tis atl is decription this of occasioned labor. {ike atianer, wasto the withthe supplying hends Er rained on the former, fort seasons; dry in practicable searcly thu Lillfiledthewithwholenothing toor isbutfled,earswhenef whest it appears co be= phe it alseat stato To manage Dong upon Light Lande gels burnt to(are-anged), nee sloping of suitable nto ving fnpossbte ally a r e turnips whore of this dosoipton, For soils little Upwards. Upen laying down. cach" abeat, ite events all at andy afterwards; reparation well too be hardly can dung frterop, asm thosrind bend thereofdesirale fe eut while ith toading Kaif is“A. gowest taken considera dimportion he aredngthereby to which iewon of tho grop becouserendersthe natucomplete froparely iv always aeons, ent ‘a Soeorpor E applied. Un, ae when wind is fom tho eastward dampne the trap. by well-packed being competed aller Becomes fold-yard, 2 round. absolutely necessary il prevails, generally ikea rather eal of Ting than a tage of dong im preparatory state thele inc, behostnlarved the Soungintoplants Mc entennge “Ta somo. instances, twenty-four horsoy aro ‘ery famedat Binge ifnnighttho more formed at nome distange from the Hoor into four by mde water aad to dung of auficlent Small quantity kept rotted,than a yee, ‘Theth aminats i booftenpoet dung lskeountien Fane; snd when the Boor i roady Ini, the word slight case bars a that Senay Eigiven to mivance,, Tor tho onsakeone of ofdertho free amd in Tmondergeocl whento sight fermentation, andinto thisa compresed n pete thofermentation; moc Aci isnt farm; thor toraip regular work, 1 boy mownted ure sat, gets heap beeause, won dung ring dnont Horses advamees ia a walle andwithenters he while fring'on frotang, gucum aly sail, iter whichTo Uioxt seneun, fron the nature of the food used, Tank altered or fied togetben, upon its ciginal powers rarely be teslored, a provout quantity burning, of ligeld provicially passes fem Hre-unging, the ails, proven tue an injury, mo tognaute etm bo meter and two or three inches decp, according to Blemish Beau o; DuffMouseoek; "young A u g u s t tyr"Howell;BeurreBel Zuerati Toso; Doysams euro tho extent ofthiekne its roots. Fil thie basin with af Boptember, "Keep tho grow mel WAnjou; Sheldon} Bourre Clairgeau; Lavrence {owtho middle ung to tho weeds.groundTn ths following spring ‘which sprinkle alittle earth, jut onough to keep varieties d!Anjouy for dwar!Ducherce peat ondAngous yuloce ragureand andfree from hoo the stocks,‘Tho best aro to keep t ORE i from being blown about. "This both ‘nourishes Bourro ind free from weeds. With wall Ttimo;"Glow Morseaa; Viear of Waketel sich caresonequartplant,of the young bres, and keops the ground about fruit hae sometimes been pickod from ‘Tho nose serious disease of the, pear it the moist in hot woatberit wotted freely onoo bight, "the reine ito out the bight of! well {heprefernext sescon after planting. Some cultivators ‘hent a wool ‘low dota the send woods to cut ofall tho blossoms the st apring, To clothe the Steme of Standard Trees, os to stengthen tho plaate for growth? Ts The Peach. best vacotion of srayborty are, Wilson's ‘This ia done by an envelope of moss or short Albany ‘The soil most suitable for the peach-tree is « Hovoy's Seedling; Triomphe do Gand; Bartletes or litter of taalto ary, light, tandy, undulating souy with a light MoAvoy’s Superior at usewoundthe round first yearwithaftrshredsplanting ke p the bark moist, and thereby aid tho accont Cranberry, ‘and cirenlation of the cap in tho alburauia, This lay subsoil, and an easton oF southern expo- ‘Thi io hardy Thetelling growing wild in ‘operation should be performed at or toon after Sure. "The beat fertilizer forthe pene ie Peruvian smany parts of ths country. arab, Inisessly eatvated, Planting, and the clothing may be left on til by guano. Among the best varieties to ripen in sue von onco established in the soil requires very Aecay it drops off of itelt Tels of singwlar Eesti are, of elearstoues, the Early York; Early ‘attention; high it products lange crops, ond the ‘ioe in very lato or when, from unyoreTillotson; George the Fourth; Oldmizon Bree fruit commande price, ‘Tho bet oz i that oon eirouiaslances,planting, suite planting ‘besuiies stone; Columbian; Crawford's Tate. Of cling af swampy, sandy’ moadowe oF bogs walsh a9 Foust, ‘stone’,—Largo White; Oldiixon Cling; H e a t h nde forof anytho other purpose.sf any hie faltabas well Orchard Tree. "The prinipal diseases of the peach ate, th ‘worthy alention one who wel, ‘The objectToinprane lows, and worms which prey upon t orown h roots e pruning young toes ie to form @ Reawpy l e n d , Te will Sour from Maine 03 neat the surface of the ground ‘The most afec- ‘ile Virginia, proper hond. ‘The shoots may’ be pruned in pros {tual proven for thetive yellows is, to be earsfal to portion to their lengths, cutting cloun ‘away auch et Healthy tre s, and to plant them well abow {he surface of the ground, by throwing ‘withthe or twenty fe t apart {hen plantplough, the teessay onAfteen the Pidgo, also making & Slight mound to cover tho rots, the troe ebowa fighs of weakness, dig from andthe crown roots, scrape the the wormsearthaoraywell if any, then sprinkle in tho hole around the foots a band fulWormsor two of guano, and ll it up with earth, may be prevented, alto, by coating the ‘bar of each tre, for three or four Inches next to the ground, with’ coal or gas tary which will not

o plant Small Fruit, plantedof thein Hines,Currants by theandsidogooseberries of the walksare often or alleys garden; butt is better method to plant them {quarters thomselves, to make new plantations everyby slxth or sovonthand year Raspborriee when ‘young; that ig. produce about thethe thirdnei or fruit, fourth year afteris plating, properly soinemanaged proper toif plant ofall tho above fruite ona north border, or other sitaation, ia border to prolong the season ofabaded thom, if that be an

ft cross one another, and fanning’ tho treo out awards the extremitica keep ng it oqually potved, andon ital tosides,resistthereby the eects cof igh winds, Wien it Ie withed t9 throw a ote‘thought tee Ite bearingsooner sat, than which theshould of, however, third hotor fourth year after planting, the leading branches should bo very notlitleat all, shortened and thothe Knife lower boor fide branches nor should focout out Such slioots ad eross ont

‘The season for pruning orchords is generally

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

sinter or outly in spring. A weak tre ought to Bo prunod digeetlyat tho fall of tho leat. and willTo plant, strengthens autumn in probe {bring the blossom buds moro forward ta cut the ‘wood late in spring tends to check a plant, and is Uo of the reiedios for exsessivo luxuriance.

fo recover Deformal Treen ‘Whore a teen stated oFproned the heado bacon -shoped rome badly ovigisnly being ‘rom baring overborae.Rscf, or fou ‘ond remedy fe mostwithinexpeditious ‘ens Town the plant three, four or fvethe eyes (or a stem, of tap tho of tro) od fan Inches trder furnish Stwithtreo, if a notew tooboud.el bowill recovery for: be tine langulthing ‘tea taro atthe op it taking by promoted ther tad pruning theof tovrots: lnauriant foray, ontsetheof onepat hand, evenits tiat ssdopeiving moderate wil routs, hoslthy acu, Sigon, ao, on cankerol the eteror todecayed seliovooot,a atinted to prubeto ef heb TELIY lhe eattemitics of roundtap-roots footy ofandm plane especially aeted dangling the Shorten heading wih connection iin oben bad {y's {Tnn, or vory shortGrnpingpruningi hecessary and the ofrenovation thetrod.tube to soilmestand alling remedy that canbe StSouthe

To cure Diseases of Orchard Trees. an aceumu stinted fromfunctions ‘A tree often becomes affects of th the which of mows Jatiou This evil Dae and renders tho treo unfruitful.. eto be rewoved. by seraping the. stom. and Vranohes of old treed with the scraper, and on

medieated wash of rome of the diferent sorts for Aeattoying ogg of Insects. "Whvretor thetherbank is decayed or eracked it ought to be removed. "Pho other dacases to which orchard trons are sobject are chiedy tho canker, gum, mildewby suchand ‘light which are father to be prevented fulfora induco a healthy eindiedas bywilltopieal appleations. ‘Toostato than much to bo ‘nay bring on the conker and ifs tho rp 2 part of Such coll wth alluvial or vegetabio earth ‘wouldme begunnof serves tay be constitutional, arising from cifenaiva matter xternal injary. in Tnthethesoil;formeror local ease arising improve feothe foi in he latter employ tho kat ‘The mftdew may bo easily subdued at its frst appearance, by scattering four of sulpbur upon ‘loForinfeoted the Ogt pars,ofnd rotten’ caterpillars, recom wesdn, potato: wood, Forsyth amends burning hhavlm, windwardHoalsa side ro.of the trees,withwhensttay,theyete,afe onin theBlossom.” commends stems ofand“Gres bennches Srebard treeswashing with thotixture cow ofdu all with wine and soap-suds;" as a whitewasher woul rash the calling or wails of a room. The proTnised advantages are the destruction of inaeets find fing bark, nore expecially when it is found rocessary to tako offal the outer bark. To preserve"Prot Apple,ae precited Cherry, andin Rusia Plum-tres from at St. Potersbarg ‘The severity of tho winters trees will survive i, eve s frat fow that s so erent i‘with careful matting te prevent the loss wich i thus usually sustained, the following mode of with eoraplete success. training its Deon ateondedDranebes ofthe tos on the loading in Teeonsate hhorioutal (relltet oply ten or twelve inches from cots in, there aro the ground. When the winter tho of snow, and as the frost increases, hheang falls by whieh the teoes aro augments, generally Snow entirely Durie, amd ressive no injury frou tho host intense frost. taining trees advantagein theof growth great consists Jn “nother the aboveverymethod of tho ‘Woody it being of equal strengeh, andthe fait pro-

1612 MACKENZIE'S To manage Pineree, duced being all alike, tho blooms come out much farloe, and tho erop’ripens ‘The culture ofheavier Pine-apples (eays Nicol), 1s anyat. The toes fended with w expente than that of fro always clean and fre fromsooner. ingoot under gles, expecially grown ‘Tho only cherry that not susceed in that inthorlonyfraitstoves; thi, bepine-apindependent ifof they bet, way is tho Dlaok-heart; does thie t e attributed to the may certainly be produced in es amps which affest the but in a ples fection, if not greater, and with inf tuildor climate this iajaryearlywouldBassons, be obviated by plucing thetrelis higher uid pits, Whea rouble Hrwoted, andthan riskyin'anyin other way. i¢ properly” com tho talis doeays under thefrom theapples,ground. i ls never reas tho trees ko p always (roo the strengtt "The pinery should, therefore, be detached from OFnemed thor branches) thelr horizontal porition, thoIne other of threeone pitsfor range;forcing-hotses, one for crowns and andconsists suckors, fro other advantages of tresting fruit i this manners they cou sooner into Leurfon and ono for fruiting plants. ‘Tho fruitand their fruit fs wud affested {ng pit to'bo placed in tho contre, and the other by high winds, ‘Tho apples are never gatuered, but suffered to tworight and left, forming a vango of ono huadrop af for the distanes they fal isnot sulicient ‘red fest in length, which would give pino-apples though fora lange Dually. ‘to brace them. ‘The fruiting pit to be forty foot long, and ten To preserve and pack Root ee. wide, ver walls; andiningcachfostof thowide alsoothers to be Roots, eutings, grafts, and perennial plants ia thirty ofot Tong nd over wall, sgenoral, aro parserved, til ‘The breast-wal of tho wholo to bo on a lino, and oss, moderately moist, and wanted, shaded fromin earth the sunor ta'be eighteen inches above ground. The back‘Tho samo prineiple ie followed in packing thom wall of tho cantro ono to bo Hivefest, and of the te bo sont fo a distance. The roots, or rost ene ‘others tobe and. half feot higher than the of tho plants, or cattings, are enveloped in balls oat. ‘The four front and end duesiach toeavity, bo separated ‘offandclayair of isloan, wrapped round with ‘woist mos, from the bark bod by a three adwltted to tho tops, In this way ‘Daok fs to bo resol abore its level, and the ‘rangectrees are sent from Genoa to any pare of "Tho furaaoss tay either be placed in front or Burope and North Aumoriea in perfeot presetya- at the back, according to eonveniance;, but the TL frongth‘andof should tho heatretwrn shouldin bethe feat exhausted in tion; baek dues. The and cattings of plants sent to any distance whieh ean bo accomplished in vight months, oF youlltho require two tmalland fornsces ven longer with somekinds, Solentof the apple, rdor fgto pitdiftase heat regularly, keep up 18a pear, ete, if enveloped in clay, and wrapt up in ‘proper temperature in winter; ons to be placed at fos or stray, and ‘then placed in a portable ie fae ond; abd eithor to play frat in front and e{tra fn the back; but the dues to bo abore, and house, from pe vo as to prov otalongside of one another. Tho under ono to p for a year, dang 2 sent fro Bnglond to China’ bo considered merely as an auxiliary Mus, as $ ‘Tho butts of Trait trcea may bo preserved in would be wanted occasionally. Nono of these vogotatig state, and sent to a considerable dis {Hues need bo more than five or six indkes wile, taco by reducing tho half-stalks tow short lengthy ‘and nine oF ton deep. Nor need the furnaces bo a‘age-lea, nd enclosing the shoot in m double fold of tab: 0 large, Uy a third or « fourth part, sa those for bound closo togotior nt each ond, an Tange fotelng houses; beoause thero should bo prothen enclosing the packago in aletter, Its of perileloth covers forthe whole, ax guards againat ‘advuntuge to placo the under aurfaoa uf the eal {nvero weather, which would be e of bage-teul inwards, hy whieh the enelosed branch, fel, Tho depth of the pits ehouldgreatbs saving regulated is eupplied with Lumidity, being the porous fo that the avorngo depth ef tho bark-beds may turfuee of the leaf, the otter thatsurface lea yard bslow the level of the front Aes ast ‘or wholly impervious to moisture being Heut)y thet level the bark will generally settle although tuade oe high as thelr surfaces when mew stirred ‘Screen for protecting Well Tren Up. IT leaves, or a mixture of leaves with dung Te conssta of two d e a l poles, on which is nated ire to be weed instead of bark, the pite will thin convas, previouly dipped in a tanner's Werk pit to prevent is being tldewed when rolled up ‘ture to be'a foot or halfa yard deeper.

Ireis At thooope,top projecting the onde of the poles ft into General Mods of Cultivating the Pin. Aoultron &fow inches from the ‘Tho calture of thinfram pant generally ommence srl, meds cophigs and at the i n g common hotbed texted by dungy toat Totton they avo xed by a hole at tho end of excl fhe ead of ex or nine months ite reinoved pole, a forked irom coupling which projects larger framed hotbed ot pit, goneraly called host upon fourteen inches fromtheinlination wally thereby fucceason bed; months, and afterfe Isremaining horeTle from {ng tho terson a suficient to clear the three to twelve Temuoved to ual branches, When i e s wished to unoover tho trees, tion, the fruting-bel. ‘Ilcre it shows its one of the poles is disengoged, and rulled back to rat, continu 3g stato during a poriod theTho sidotortof violent Bho otherwindswhere havo-no ste fstened as before, of ffom six to twelve Yaonths, segording to the injurious efacd Variety itsgrown, modedies,of Ioaving culture thoete,grown an finally ‘upon shates of thls kind a wal ie very expodi= ‘pons fruit and of tertious covered and uncovered, and thoro i not ‘snd une oF more auckers ‘minal shoot of the fra Any danger of Jana {vay Fipens bo benailly sod Sah fruit to seour0 4 suessesion, byai setardin i the‘Tholowerens orp of any particular te of by ten thpalesareadvantazeouslyretained inher place ey, attached to tho coupling ofall by a shartfonchal,spring

fexotis Gulture, varying from eighteen months to three years, oe

‘Thoeatthpineapple plant a wilqisttorgrow ofin thoany Witoben sort of rich taken ua [garden or froth sandy loamsto. takenIf thefromearth wcom.bo Son pastored with sheep otThouldof be cb, anbdy.well quality, of darkish earsolnft mited with tomo perfectly To protect Fruita from Iuuces, flung and ihennd,fe wiland doif «lito vegetable wouldit put with 3 good, wd algo Some species, as wasps oto, aroor nets, prevented ‘Thosghtexture, pineplaate wll gowgrownosin car afim or by foot.” by gauze from attacking ripe fruits Sis, Ue atrongon yet thay fvely Inclosing the fruit, as grapes, in bags, food wndy loam ot af a Uindiog quailty. ‘The blo

from grape ‘common yew-treo the samen open ait,

Heat, Pines do not require so strong abottom-heat aa

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘many thom in; yet there is something in w rild tan-keep heat 40 congenial heir natures; that rive much better in potsto tplunged in abarkbed) if properly managed, than when planted out fon a bod of earth that Is heated, and. oft eorehed by understues. fare, therefor, essential to theTho pinery.tan or bark-pite Barkpits filled with tan whioh bas previously andor: oneeat thuscoteproduced of druning will lastandfromsweating. three to Thosit months, when i is afted and agiin pit ia a state of fermentation, by replacing the daelenoy occa ‘tioned by dosay, and a 72 separation of the dast by: with tan. “In this way the barle-bed {fifting in obliged to ‘now be stirred, turned, rlteshed, or ren renamed, sovoral times a year, 20 4a to produce ‘and retain at all times a boitom-hent Of from 175° ta 85° in euch ofthe three departiente of pine culture, Propagation of the Pine, and crownsother propagatedwith by every ‘The pineis suokors, though,generally in comuoa plant, may be'propagatedby seed. To uparate Crowne and Sucker When the fruit is served at tabl, the crown to bo dotached by a gentle twist and returned to denor,rackers if it be wanted for a ‘alle

1613 rt away; on the other hand, when the multilization af the stock fs a principal object, the fuckers must not be extipated. A yet further ‘advantage moybe given to the ewelling of the fruit, by baving a few of the Tower leaves of the plank taken of, by putting a rim of tn,or fnythingelse in and the form of a heop, round the top of tho pot, suffclont to raiee four inshet, ‘Tho mould shouldthe mould bo of thetheesbestot and constantly kept ina moderately moiat ta; this may bo dono by having the surface covered with mstatened mask. ‘The roots of the ptpine-plant,erpesially part of the stem Just underthosetheproduced leaves, willfroin thenthe take and the fruit will be ireatlya surprising. Deuetted by progress, this expedient. To cut Ripe Pines ‘Tho indications of maturity aro a diusive fs sgrance, by chango in the color of the fait;accompanied moat sorts Becoming yellow or straw color; others dark green, or yellowish tinged with green. Cut pine-apples. before they ‘avo dead ‘pe, or the spirit of the favor will be dissipated, Bring away with tho fruit above five inclles of Bal

MACKENZIE'S. thateven moderate moisture is destructive to these insects, his pine plantsFor overmanyHeadyearawithhe theregularly squirt watored daring the fumier months, ‘This was done only in the ovening. Tt nover injured” the plants, and the bug never appeared upon thom. The Grape, Fortho grapo,the besta high aol isandalight, dry, Yimestong “sof, with warm loamy, exposure, ‘specially to tho south. ‘The earth should be Rept ‘rll cultivated ‘The most eful fertilizers andfor freothe from grapeweeds. ave, well-rotted arn-yard manure,bone, and lamba, Diana, Delaware, Concord, Clinton, and the Rebocoa when you have a sheltered station, Some of the finer foreign wino.grapes, of Wrunce, aly, and the Ithino region, may be naturalized with suocess in some parte of the United Stutes; Dat it is hardly yet determined which aro best sulted forthe purpose. To plant Viner ‘Vines are often ‘either trained against tho Deck wall orcasoon &thetrellis a glass placed roof, in-In ‘tho former plantsunder are always ‘ide‘pinion the houses in the men,latter,enetherein favareor twoof among butpractical anthg them ould, and the other ise the wall, Darupet "AUererombie turmed out of tho pots “Let reducingthemthe boDallescarefully ite tod singling out tho matted roots,” Then place them before, ithe pits, just spreading as doop in outthe theearthbresas they ‘wero carefully and filingin with fino sifted earthor with vegetable ‘mould, a litle water, and let thom lave plentySettleof allfreewithnir every defending them from Very sovero frost or muchday,wets which is all the care they will require til thoy begin to puck young shoots. Compost for Viner, ‘Tho following are the materiale and proportions ‘4 good compost, recommended by Abererombie: Of top-spit sandy loam, from an upland pasture, e-thiedpart; unexhausted brown loud from &

to thebegintopfo Ifpine-appleand farebo thenot eutorownaonadhering afer they of in Savor oud vicbnes Sdcolor thatty fallsharpgreatly fusoloos tant, so mol alized, somes insipid. ‘herb ate oats ‘To destroy Inseas in Pine monly St for separation orhon the fais nature} If tho plante by proper culture Ue kept healthy though, Hf the stool be vigorous, they may be Tet tnd vigorous, insets will not seam annoy,%6 delight bat leari fa‘civing month ater the fat i xh be ool ‘Tho coos heaperides plentiflsuckerwaterings on ioved ther assoumt. ‘he tie abd dey any do ction, bef ftnoas of a to bor indented, at ing recipe may safely bo applied to pine-ap les thefn thelowerappearance par of theof which, Toaves, ifthe by isbrownish tot; invany lat, but certainly best f erowa and sack lower leat be os a Snin August; to silting, thors it whe may, roken of tho succor Se easly displanted by the Stony rat, bo weed the Marsh thumb. thy are shaken out of thir pots: If tho old fruting-plant ofers only rnall ot‘Tako of soft soap, 1 pound) fowers of sulphur tom suckers of fale furnish any, goad auske 1 pound; tabaoso, ball pound; niethessvoraiey L tinyTrait bois cutthus taobrought out: baving watod G i l the alee; sft wate gallons” Dail ai together thetheoldunder plat in ste pot out ofthe Si the liquor i Ftoed to threo gallons, ad Thanked; iripoff leaves near the to100%aig ie aide ta cool, Ta this Hguor inter the whole od i t h ’ the koifo cut away the loaves tradinthefot and otherfeavesstato,ate placed the roots plant afterPlats IManloehca from the bottom. Take outwithsonefrebyof andthe potting. any In mould from the pot Il up Banksbed, nay safelybo watered over head with five a lilo water. Plunge the old plant Sato a the liquor reduced in strength by the adil of ‘bed'with a good growing andthe heat, Letold thoplantsrouting ‘mould, o old tan reduc ‘ha tho bog harbors auont to earth, of rotten stable-dung, culture ust bo nefletod, wil one-eighth parts is the beter oon sead out good suckers; allow these Co grow hell man or mild lime, one-iwelth part. The ULgatthoyof aefacesfo detach inches them long or mor, and on the ‘eoause it will thoro remain the longest, and there borders to bs frou three fo five fet in depth, and, ‘here practicable, not loss than fourfeet wide {ts soiimentwill sot le, ‘Tho above is a remedy furface ‘As soon‘istaa offeither crowns or suckere are d within the house, communicating with© for every species of the eoccus; and for most ine ome of the leaves about the bass} order outside of the building not less than ton fect, 0 aocount of its strength and. glotinows ney thus made ‘froota, atthe bottomPareof thethe seta fet wide, ‘ature. Tes application will make the plants [ook stump dirty; theretoro, as soon as the intended effects To choos the Plante. hy‘shadedthenpartlay ofthetheintended plants ons shalt tnay be supposed to have followed, whatever ro‘Vines areto be had in the nureeres, propagated sfruit tove oftats of any tiedry ui apertfixing of the liquor on the Leaves should bo warked. cither from layers cuttings, or eyes; and, provided tment. "Let crows and the ‘of with clean water, “It would be improper to the plance be well routed, und the wood ripo, itis Dart that adhered to the fut sporty ested; ma offensive auch with sharged decoction a our f tantter of indiferenes from which clase the End woot suckers fa tothe the sate manneris become ti the pare {erials over fruiting plants hoize is made. ‘hich Was united oid stock Other Methods, fad tim.” They will be Bt to plant ia ive or Spesdy Mode of Storing « New Grape How days, ‘Tarn the plants out of the pots, and clean the Treatment of the Plants roots; for twenty-four ‘This mode is only to bo adopted where a vinery Fhourd inthenwaterkeepin them which immersod tobaoce stalks have been revi thethe open ‘Keep the plants growing gently, and have the lr or wore there Tho bugs aro then to be rubbed off with friendsexit vnery in pote, i general, completely filed with the roots Infused, neighborhood , Tn the endhave ofmadeJanonewor bogianing plants,ave after {ry the tie at which Hite Yo erate thes ‘sponge, oftenJal,tobwelve wh ‘Water and anddipped, to be being ropotied.washed in clean the vines from shots Ta the" Caledonian Hortiouleural Transactions,” {eat Lng, and about the time of the fruit setting, tnent” rop in owes proepeti 1{abaccojulea siilne modeLowers is described, the placeto ofbo tele any’ tuprraumirary shoots, and. loosening of sulphuronlyarein directed About month Wetare it i expected (0 thea from the troll, bond thoi dowa #0 a8 to coSnebesfeaitin dress the pants by taking away two tized with th water. With a bit of bassinet, sake them form tbl or Serare faa pt dled depth from the top ae the moat, Twist, Fixed on a amall tice and dipped in water, dis: ‘ith e a r t h , generally of alam sod ve Ineo ‘aa many of the insects as cam ba seen, Table mould taking encew stare Gifcmpost tome ofroundthe thelowersetsleaves. Hill up with fresh to make portion of feat aol othe remaining leaves. Then iiumerso tho plants iu tub of water, con: Youre wood, containing a joint, paos into the taining about one pound of dowers of sulphur to Inthe pot. ‘Phe earh fs Kept fa wet stato, and ‘Thotbark-bod sabe voded as to tlmakethe should ie time lively;forbe revived butthe noallt nowne thotanheater should beine, ach garden potful- Let them remain covered in ath time's moist warm air fo maintained ‘he water twenty-four hours, (hen Tay them with {inatthe tho house. In plenifally shout tan days roots are found Tit ie desired to ripen eminenty lage fay d i {have proceeded from theby terely joint of ates last {ete t o p e downwar Ateoy the wuckera au they sprog, by fisting ost ton bo may eso and wood, Year's ds 0 dry, and r e p t them in thoi? neaeta with parpese. an fon abarp-peinod instrament Gerad manner Hing bethe observed v7one tsof TP surfuoeofponetrating the earthy or sometimes th tnay formed forthe AppIy this to the heart Tho experienc of e Hay, tho bett prac. to St tho tunkses and, turning round, ing th tial gardeners in Soot leads bits a eondlude liyer toay now be saisly detached;

THE SURVIVOR Vol:

4

1614

MACKENZIE'S

quentl yGonsia it contai serving well-placed sho ts to come in. a8 beurn nst ono or and.to come bunchetos perfec of grapes , rood. ‘Which grow ue tion, lem which bas lead ‘oem Mayer eat off in the bogioning of July generally Teaded toThus,send supposing. up four vigorous eompoting attains, by the end of October the length of BE ry, teo are sutforel to best fruit and vo are dic ‘A process to vetard ssp hnslong been employed in teen of twenty feet.way Abe now Setted of such buds as brea into eluctery and ‘he gardens of Montreuil, ‘Tho practice fe (o digrapeetlyf hotsutaictere. Urained fore, might in thie ae onnpl tothe length of te, tele Stun fet ot varigate the ap as near tho root hed as may be, by With plants in t h r e month ee By s, the usual mee nore, for mother-beare r, which have. borne ‘euting off the main stem and training to lateral Thod, above dseriind Ja trae yes, ropa cat dona town two aye fe tod branches, from whish tho wall is tobe filled, orSiloLeg, according to the ttrength of the Hany other process of interrupting the rsiug of the Anesap Another Mode, tho seerved shoots love no amore of bby separating the bark bas been long in yx A mode of more genera wily than the fore {oye then See ine-forcing houses; this it douo.w going i to aolest eho plants fn tho nursery & year dEropes arediminishing full grown, theandaysevue is foundaulto increusing {crore wanted and to order thers tobe pute Tato To prune Vines t advantage, Gark in very large pots, s, d oFfototab,'tanfled.bed.with the In praning vine leavetomonow branches every tho saccharine julco. Fietat earth, and basket plunge Thay year, nd take amay(if a0 many) come of the To destroy Tutte in Vines. will thus mao soot wbish, the fst year teeof. “hd which will be of great advantage to tho tree, Femova to thle l Boal destin willy ation, under ‘The red spider is thopruning grand audenemyretaoval to the ofvinestho snd uch Inereate te quentity of and fritext.” When Ainary circumstance, produce fut ‘rery winter's ‘tro kote then! ou{ithtrim estyour nevine, oul to bate yield a ‘outward rind on the old wood anoint the branches, To prune and train Viner and trellis with the following eomposito thane oftobeor grapes.” abundantly, Vines thus wherens pruned othere ave thatbo n shoots ‘Thotnuchmethod saiyyof prunin establi g vines shed admit ‘the object Known ofuation diver as reckon the plants theare la aidereat avo been out cove to please the eye have been ohare of which isthe destruction of their egus Witho s." ut ing tely cullin dowe almost barzen of ttt Boft soap,2b. 2 Ibs.; nux flourvomien, of sulphur, 2 Ibs. totheg lower, ‘ot‘oatyoungeusmeor rweakaboot,planta sltera zolltobueeo, v2 which is but a temporary To mature Grapes by Tnctsion of the Vine Bark, nglish gil ouree, three diferé at system s of pruning af Tis not of much consequence in what part of ull the above in 8 English gallons of eet river ay a drat perp hee hage tho aonelles ad Duta i inrathe ‘water til ie reduced to th is appiosbl only e to vin oat of es {3 ery l a r onght to b o tnado ‘Lay. on this compoeition, anilk-warm, with a but it may bo transfered to plants in a vinery Buollr brsnohes. Ail ‘ahoots. which come. out painter's brush; thenshoot‘withanda bud, sponge Usingcarefully t abyndicucapital alterat n-th ion metho d from the root of the vin ot from the fout of tho fnoint every branch, {nowithouperpe loader to strained from the stem, te Sal tal th noon st ee ub itwell into every Joint, hole and angle.wuro IP19 fat wnifes th sido of lrwhich, the right and lef the rnoved as often as they appear, uals bearing the houve is nach infested tho walls, ues rafters, tions pring.” ‘Soon after shoots tbe growin g wood i particularly wanted toll up the lower sta, a0 alga to be painted over with the ease ason bas comive such need, rising ay are Watering oor the season, leaves andisthefruttprevelat al of tho wal in which ease ono or two neehoots liquor. Dart erin fruit ort to bo retain or a r e ed eligi i times, except the ripening placed for mothor-bearers next season, ste ld Fea groming ia forcing house are equally im prove. five fecommended, and whieh all’ gardeners apado oe aswell pein ofLysizetakingand ower, pT'tipen roved in earlier aoray elses of ibarks To protect Grapes fom Wasps ‘Tho time for doing this fe when th frit st Plant nett thefar‘ grapes aome yew-trey,Verses ond thour Bnd the betes a r e ubout the sie of stall thot vwasya ill wo prefer the yew-tee The vines removed circlein any here boslymaderwider thanis aly wo negest cho grepen cn growing the open as tho bork off Superftioue Suckers from Shrubs. fone rene in focng Hoanpisces,ovingHalf theaa ToMonytubedowering shrubs put yringa, out strong suckereof jaro and molitare in those from the oot, auch aa lil and seme Tach wil mot be too grentn width to tke off in kinds ofof theowesmotherwhiehplanttake altgreatlywhicly foni thohat tizele from athevigorous growing vine, but T do notia thaMrongth Feequiend peraton to be perforant {the moots in bearing extend ia. gromth, they are Wanted.eeasonfor should the purpose of planting he ‘llede kept stopped about two eyes beyond the fruit “This prectico may bo extended to othor frit, {ng Se wate of or ethorwive ‘The coronuto shoots, cultivatedmerely to eolarge 0 as to hasten thelr maturity espectlly Bg, in Hioyede the provision of wood, are divested of embryo ‘whlch there most abundaat Sow of retaebing bunches, if theyshow any, but aro trained at fall Top, aod it domoostrates tous why old trecs ate ot1 Appt Tree. length as they advance during the sumimer, until toro disposed to bess fruit than Young ones. Mile ‘Take freshTo reneate rnadoand Time frou thethe Kilo, eait ke it& they reach tie allotted bounds. In the wintar {er fora we hat vnsyards i lar thought well eh water wll doe tee ‘pruning there will thos Uo a good choice of 1n0- {0 tuprove every year by age Ul thoy are tity Tras an the nacts sind tes wilbe completely {her-betrors. That nearet the origin of the formiet onceies Hort tron econ a th the outer rat wil fal off and 4 ne, is retained, and the ethers on the fame branch are eatle do not convey the snp ino tho roots wilarin deserved, evil halon wi be fred an ta cut away ; the reat of the branch is also taken of, Aho nue fality thoy did whea Young. ‘Thus hy treo wit assnte a tat hesltyappecreuce aud 0 that tho old wood may terminate produce the finest fruit. co eecasonally emoving etces of bark we only a3‘dopted lateral. ‘The adopted ticipate the of process of mature In. bothsa the ages fencll to to, three, four, ox more Treutwent of Apple-Treet stagnation the truoenp iv oltsinel feu twits place’on the ving its own strength,coording or the ‘The tna of apple-tees are reoommended by branches, sua the fedundant nuteient then strength ofthe vine. The lower shoots are pruned ing some to behrusl alloverto fm Urathe tot of af in tho shortest, In order to leep tho ameans of itaes into the fru ther, but its dificult t h e branches always supplying young wood at the bottom of eeften happen aftr the cirslo of Dark os trees whet the fruit is upon thein, Tnvtead of ‘yon removed, small portionLt eofof thethe tuner bark the toe Drurking”htvothefallenteees in sammie,a8 avon 88: the there to th alburasa went Se eaves 4 every tea openshould wpaycage be carefully Portanee toin Femaveavery sorthis spaowof though ever a0.th sll tind frvely pruned, ths will ‘Second method. Uivcrrco Sine cn’ sie andl contribute to elt into thethe ‘Tho second method isto head the natural loader Jnusnietion is aga estabed with the vote nd tnfuturestdreasene ationMagesing to tis, eye a cr rez to-a8 to cause it to throw out two, these, or more Jitlasor no ese is produced. "Therefor,ia sbuut Ponitent of the InMonthly I xhesid {en dys after the Best operation ine been yore Plasipalaheots these are tained as leading brushing ofat thenny’ muse and thiseatting oat francls, and in tho winter-pruning aro not re: {rane took atthe par fyom whence the burs Eoumend tho canered parts season conver duced, orunlessunlessto shape them appears to the limits and separate soy small portion which bent, amd T further recommend the tt bo ‘uouse, the plant two woulof theto emuvod, escaped tho iente the st tine. fointed tome fest feonn the ground with come istaia them at longth. Latoraly from these 87 nny ave ‘a prevet the Dropping off of Grapes, Positionie ofploughed, sulphaeandthe goose ofsouldand waess the or.at cultivated about twelve inches apart, as mother: Make a ehreuar incision Inthe wood, eto Shard sull be opeuod Deureres those in Trult aro. stopped in. suas, vay a ring breath greater of the te rast. ‘and the leat are eutof theinto mother: ono of {rll of am ofineh,.bark ‘Thoaboutwoodthe equires ivo aftereyes. thaFromfall ofthe appearance To render Neo Pippina Productice. out the aesion, and tho eperation aceelee VDearers thus shortened, chs is called spur-prua- Sao ‘To rendor it fntrotdced more hardy, the farina of the pipe fates the siaturty ofthe wood, and that of tho pia should be & the Gower ofthe Site. Fruit Hkewise. Tho than incisionthe ahovll notiwihe oad Third method. rab, whersby mle iv produced mbieh foo dcop and farther bark, or spell pens im eold and ‘The third plon seems to flow from taking the caposed situate, yetDut retaing tho fru second as a foundation, a having tnore than’ one Toth te woot Toandretard {he rich davor of ‘tho other parents these the Sup. Bspiring leader, and frou juining the superatruo- At cortain periods provonting hybrid or mule productions nt» few genertinas or retarding the rotura to the chéracter uf the ono o: Ue otber var tare of the Brstayetem iminediutely tot

MACKENZIE'S ‘THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1615 rity, A moat excellent thie apple,by yo preserve Fruit Trees in Dlowom from Frott shout he middle or end of the sont, toy wll called the Downton Pippin, variety has Feenot oltsinet! Surround the trunk of the Thotree endin blossom with bogust,readyandi foria transplanting before the end ished of Aue {introducing the fariaa ur the golden to the female a wisp of straw or bomp. of this sink that eno will be wall . lower of the Orange Pippin, and the progeny is by ineans of a stono tid to iti a veesel of spring before the wintse. ‘The kinds are na at, i, ‘moro hardonod thu either purent. water ata litle distance from tho tre . One reas go, worl, taney, tarraguns and thytne conveniently40 rerve two trees several or the cordbe- Ba prvet th growth of Weeds romnd Young Frit obtain Barly Fruit by Exhibiting the Tree Feltoay willbo Tengthened a8 to surround Mr. Knightagainst bavinga tained of au foro te end fs plunged into thowater. Tes neces ‘To diminish the growth of weeds round frit apple-treo southernthe wallbranchee winter, should be placed in an open spread on tho ground found the fresh transIourened thers to their vinost, unio spring, whet the fower-bude began to appear, the braucice ere ‘he frost may produco all its effeets on the water planted trees a fara tho roots extend, te te ‘again trained to the wall,”"The blossoms suon ex Uy means of the cord communicating Talks of fax ‘Thisaftergivesthe theiSousvery parts have vigor, been with it cparated, surprising raded und produced fruit, which early attained ferfest muturty, and wht ie more, the f0eds fron) Chincre Mode of Propagating Fruit Tre ‘heir fruits afforded plants whieh, partaking of the Strip a ring of bark about an inch adage id ineneun orherd, ated ‘rien drooping quality of the parent, ripen th irfruit very eonfrom m beating branch ; eurzound the place with s fa the #a siderably. ea fr than ‘ther troea raised at the ball of fat eurth or loum, bound fast tothe branch will recover and pt ie out vegertu abate, ie 0 from eoads of the satuo frit, which had withtortor a plewith of matting, over this they Bolesuspend a place of fax stalks the leaves which fall from water having @ smal tbo rece in autumn may bo substituted, but they {grown in the orcburd. Dotesen just susie’ to let tho water dcop, fa rust be covered with waste twigs of enything To hasten he Ripening of Wall Fru rdor to keep tho eatth constantly mols. “ihe ‘ that l can prevent the wind from blowing thom e Printing: tho wall with blaske paint or laying ranch throw new roots inte tho earth just above oway. compunitisn of the same color, producer not only the placo where tho rng of bark Wad stripped "To avoid the bad cfecte of Iron Ne toro in quantity, im the sopetioe projordinin sizeuf five to Bavor three, ‘ot, "Tho operation iepertraued i tho spring, sad Brut-Tveen, But the quality tals and’ ihe branche sawn of and put i n t o the round at Teoften h a p e n s somo ofthe Himbs of frit4bal that wich grows agalust the wall of the atte the fal of tho leat ‘The following year i wil trees, trained againstthsta wall, are blighted and die, colin, uf tho trece aust bo clear of insets Wee frat ‘while others remtin in a healthy and dourishing fr‘hantheste wileae, tive, frum the sae. couse, more “This mode of propagating, not only fut trees ‘This h a e hitherto been trroncously attr butAttention pleats from of overyth description, recived particular Dated to the effects of lightaing; but from closae efor whe fa Ching, and haa ‘To preveree Plante from Fro ‘bcorvation, and from soveral experiuenta, it ae ince been pettisd by hit a this country with ore the plant has been exposed to the son or lueen found te arise from tho corroding eects of never failing suocess. ‘The mode ho bas adopted thawed alter's night's frost, sprinkle it well with the nails cramps with which trees in this ste Ie thist—A common Gn cup hee a round holo bution are andfastened. fpriug-water in whieh aal-sunbouiae er common To aveid this incon venienes, {htc been inteed ‘therefore, it requires only to be careful in pre 76 venting tho iron from eomting in eontact with the To eagroft the Cuffee Tree punched in the bottom, a little larger than tho trees, Plant in stall hauapers during the rainy season ‘the stem of the branch its intendedthe toedgere To destroy Movs on Trees, ‘young plunts raised by seed, when they aro from from mado be t o ivivthen Twelvote eighteen inches high, Remove it with « hard sovubbing brush in Febono side and along the bottom to the centeal ruary shade until they are quite recovered, then remove ‘own March, and wash tho frees with cow: Aperture. “The two sides oan thut be sepa theta in the hampers, respectively, tothe fot of fo as to let in the branch without injury itis ‘lung, und urine and soap-eads, ‘thocofe tree shuren forthe muther plants, whieh then closeil up, the cup Blled with luvs inixed To protect Treee and Shrabe fam the attack of ‘ueht to bo of the mort healthy and productive with chopped imoss, and another cup or gourd Haven ind, with a smal hole suspended l fron branch ‘Take three pints of melted tallow to one of tas, ‘Theso latter ought to bo cut down to withia Dlereed “This isto be kept Bod with water. 1 © anid unix then well together threo or four inches of the ground, to make them tbove. time to do this iv ja the spring just before the sup In November tako a soul brushover a gentle fie, {throw out new wood neat Uheir roots, Tt i s those "In the ful the lim, a8 before state isto ‘nd or bark af the trees with th mix shoots which are grafted when they aro abvut a ives. De taken the cup sind planted, with all ‘eatin state, a8 thin as ft can be laid ou with tho foot or teen inches Yong upon the seeing plants the earth offthatbelow to the re adheres brush. ‘This coating will nut binder the Juices ut in the hampers placed. tuund the motber plants, Treen, Wouncl heal To ‘sop expanding in tho suallest degree,” Tes efi ‘Tho hampers stuido in part buried in the Make a varnish of coumon inlinseed ceaty proved another, by applying liquid basto ground to preserve tho earth within them nis very drying by boiling it forthe space oi,of rendered One treehas andbeen iaissing when thethe lather an hour, ‘There are tevaral ways uf performing the epeattacked the former left. theDuring with an ounce of Hthurge to each pound of oil been tation of grafting, but wo shail give omy the tro ‘mized experience,and ofthose Uesmeared first five to with calsined bones, pulverizad and sifted Yeats following, which seem most likely to anawer the tothe consistenco ears at one was injured afterwards. If all With paste, liquid aluiot ofan purpose, ealling upon tho cultivator to ‘thie punto the wounds azo to be covered Uy means Ian were properly gone over with the aixtueeythe Dureue (oowithout they probally would mot noel any more for some ‘of albrush, after tho bark and other substanes year st. Draw complex togcthieta process: the stem of the plant in the a= whole the render to aw s0 ‘pared, been hamper and one of tho Uranches of the mother have and even us possible, “he varnish tn Te prevent the Prayngation of Inet on Apple plank. Then inake afongitadioalinesion on each smooth in dry weather,in order that it tuay Sftisions them together, of the sawe length; bring the two in- Yeatuaoh applied iteelf properly. a0 that one’ wound covers the Let a hard shoe-brush bo applied to every in‘her; biz thei closely together and finally cover Composition for Healing Wounds in Treen fected limb, as if ie wore to coush neness, to get them with a woisture of elayey arth aad cow and measures, three chalk pounded dry of ff tho dirt, with the Tewving tin Lox theta and ‘Tako Along, Te would bo useful 10 eat of the top of cof common vegetable tar ono measures tix them thrush, gto’ theafterTubswhich,e dressing, the plant inthe haroper, in order to force the sap, ‘horoughly, and boil them with t low heat til the exposed to the sun to increase the eficacy of tho inolthe uf tie wother plant. This should be repeated oceacionally ‘composition becomes of the consistency of bees- application, 24, DrawUronchtogether tho tr tu t h e hamper and uring the summer, choosing alwaye a dry tae, for state thi in ace for preserved b may i e wax? t tho Branch of the mother plant aa befor, ad take ‘and warm, clear sunshine. conveniently Iteballeeanm tie. of length tiny ot of frat threo to eight inches of the head of the boo got, ary brick-dust say be substituted. Alter To prevent the Ravages of the Gooseberry Caterformer. ‘Then 'a‘simniae take a 0 the broken or thedecayed limbmusthas bo beenvery saved of, ‘oir. this eut, and carefully saw-out of whole ‘the ‘moth plant fo unite the two wounds; make them parol away, and the rough edges of he bark, in ‘Tho only remedy is placing tomething about the fist together and cover thein with the gatno conse Dattoular, oust be wade quite smooth: the duing stom oF among the branches ofthe bush, the swell position as efure; then place the Uraneh upright {Of this properly is of great consequence; then lay ‘of which is cbmoxious to fies, and which they will, Ey'aicans uf a prep. When the parts are Ari fn tha ubove composition hot, about the thicknect ‘hot of eoal-tar orthepetruleua is saldapprosch. to Keop Theoff smell the eaterpillare; fact is, nit together, ent the Uranch away from te wounded tho over dolls, a bulf fr ee, and over ater plant, and the engrafting is completed. tho edges of the surrounding bat Ey Tatea be that it keeps off the ly. ‘The practice is to wrap a beam or twist of seod) strongly imprognated with after reinining with » hot trowal or "Yeung two yearstreesin thustho engrafted nursery, should be remove oneto spreadTo propagate this strong-ecented bitumen, willroundtouchthea Tout. stem of Herbs by Stipe and Citing the bush, and uo eaterpillar the plabtation they are designed for, ‘This method ta bighly usetut go the frale tees whieh Uo not ‘Many kinds of pot-herbs may, ia July, he pro- ‘Other 'vemodies aro used, such az eoap-suds Propagate with all chet best qualities by tena ppogated by cuttings or slips,border which for naya fewUr planted thrown overdecestion the bushes, lit, chitnney-soot, ‘out to nurse on a shady weeks, ‘strong of elder-teuves; but who and ca. ieee the sae anne excllen ree OF spies trees may bo raised feu plants propas for till they havo straek root, and imay then We ‘cit gootcborrios and currants after they ‘ave EEE planted out where they are tw reiaaln.” If male ‘Deon besmeared with sush Bithy materials?” Keeps fut Uy ses,

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ing off the dy by the smell which ta disagreeabi to it goes to theof something root of the evil at once; end there is hothing in the smel of coal-tat ‘whieh can exeite a prejudice im the most delicate stomach,

1616

MACKENZIE 'S ctOf allaccordingly monthly, pickin of the fellowing matgriala Ono-thied ofrleh top blights by repeat. hand, andthis using the water

Bins, wherofratablution maymarketbo necestary. "To every those frho havo or the prodt thereof Srohard or garden ilo or get, will Buply Toe pay auch trouble ad expense Awother Meth, ‘Treo nowly transplanted, in gona eoapo its stan whoa other tet, of ie sine iad of ful, grown in the same situation, are neatly doSroyed. Peach end nostarne trees sbould be dug ‘up encefreshin every dv orBy" sixthleyears,method, nd replanted with mould.” a larger {quantity of fait of a superior Kind will bo Soe ‘Re Tae soviet al, by let totally dopriving toens of gly has ates Aonoy’ ofto Bout erentoor eal blight, whieh often attends aa Saeets To preserce Apple- Trees from Blight ‘Washing the branches with qusk-limo wil prefervo the tres fromwasbing blight, and tasare’ ore; those which ereape sles stop. from the bigot hile th athers produce = good

spit earth, from an plana sixth pastor,of wellonealdocom-of poted‘MoPia oreo sod dang, vegetable with nailmouldquany offemsee & mae rixtarohorsof theand lenve of smi, beech yore thors amet on che space at, snathlon Sich fr,and wale, Inorh, evorgttay at omong them withered. gray an” weeks of evloussort s, ‘his vegetable mold preforele Diy other ‘vegetable mould, aad on

Another Method. A fomeop,amallbeing pits dug or Roles, famthe twelve to-Steen Jndhes among bushes, at cour Yenient distance, all ho nurfacnssould.sedi= ely underquantity and hear to tho is bushes, whereis the greatest of shell likely to bo depos Sites takenthereof Holes with oFcommon gardenwhich hoe sadthe Uaricd in pita; after Compost weed in Kew Garden. Whole surice Te carefully dig over 9 con OF light loam, a fow months from the common, Sorbie "Wiener thie operations ae cone-third p a r t; tho best rotton dung, one-third ropery performed, no apprsheasiow of lo fia part; loaf mould, and heath earth, equal parts, TEETKind or eaerpior eed be entertained, making together one-thied part; the whole well Inkzod for use, ‘To care the Diseate in Apple-Tree To form the Seed, Bath off the white down, clear off tho red stain If one light framo willbe lerge enough for ordi. sanderneath it andanoin th plaaes infested with nary purposes, choose a dey sheltered part of the Tiquid mixture of train oll and Sooteh saul ieion ground and form abed. When high winde fre eifeed to blow against Another Method. cucumber bed they havo very powerful efest on therefore, when Orchards aro oecasionally mush fnjured by ao To 2 prevent the Blight ight oror Mildew Mitdew frofrom m injuring injuring Or 4 cucumber bed in aboot to boit; formed, lnsest appearing ike a whit eforescenae; when the Brot ‘hjeet of considera tion should be to have bruisad bstwees tho Sngere it emits s blood-red ‘Rub tar well foto the bark of the appletrsc, tered from tho high winds and Boisterous stormy ud. Afiz'a quantity ofof cow-dung with busnan ‘about four OF siz foches wide round euch tree, Weather, "Having pot on the fram and matted tring to the consatence pain, abd Tt tho ine fand nt about one fiot from the ground, "Thi SI tho bed ft for moulin, lay fa fiveor six Teoted trees be anointed with i, about tho begin: ‘effectuall y provents Blight, and abundant crepe inches depth of the proper earth ov compost. bing of March. consequen the ‘io ce. Soreing. To cure the Conter in bpple- Trees To prevent Milde on Frait-Tre es. Abercrom bie sows some seeds in the layerof ‘The which only deatrays means ofthe proventing. theand canker (ho earth, which he epreads over tho bed, putting vrorm, young fra endane thom in bait an fact dcop. Ile pots alo ofsowsthe eowe kor‘whioh,thoin lifemanyofinstonces, the tree, baawhenproveddacovered and feeds in two, tee, of more all aan to bese Kind of earth, which may be plunged a ite into That,th aisstreak encircling. tho eo, about. knee-bigh, that of the bed of far arly inthe spring, and oo. ‘To raite Plante fom Catinge. lonally adding & feck goat, I n s t e a d of faieed rais ng from eucuraber plantsad from seed, Histenga, ‘The fruttrec, In other Trees Inthe spring ofthe year, ‘thoy may bo cuttings, thus kept Innmdataly aftr being leaned and ed up, ore Cut them of tothe quik, and apply « peso of fn from year to your in tho following manner: thar covered ltawith all thr branes os ‘ako’ shoot whieh fe reuly for sopping, ent it sound bor fromren any other Wee,the undsoaker, bia anda eon pletely this miatare, msby means of of below tho joint, then cut amooth th lower ead itis Sanaa Gat of Bem choot will grow atrongy but in a yeat oF two large paint-brusb. offr other tho suoot cutting,aboutandan stick it into Ane leat {fo prevett Mildew on Pesch-Treen You will Gd i eankered. rich ormould, Iu It plenty af beat and. shado itfachftomdeep,tho andayegiveof the montho a eure Uters én Et-Trec. of Fanuary and February, tbo i treesthoaro old!in'amould tho sun til i be fairly struck. Dy this method statedfromor thsickly ‘Tho remedyth Sea’ wae,as‘earefull take aayy2 ‘eucuner consist a in thboring Ailpost plants may Yeally be propegeteds e r o t e take et Hl ga and put ins plae fresh applying’ rotten a tabe tut t o fra the hole accasioned by. the fn old pastoo, without any Gungy andthe toes ‘Treatment tlt removed tthe Fruiting Bed. tote, penetrating abou nine linesbored,im depth, Theno ‘wl not only revver thelr heats but produce a Afir sowing continue tho glasies on the frames found treo, whioh ate also. urd giving ocesional vont ove for tho staat tocevas crop of ne fra Tiquor, whereas thovo that ae wleraied afford i t pants wil be up ina fow days, viten ‘Thoproper orate, {nigreat abundance, increasing partiolany in fine To prevent Gunnin g in Fruit. Beil bo Trees, to adit sir daily, but more vwouther, and when the wound i exposed to tho ‘To guardedly prevent tt gumming the upper or ons , the ofmattheoverlights, sponta neous Tn exu Touth. Stormy weather sud great winds. so ation oF gum aperthe of part hang weather Frosty from the trunks of fruit. trost {hebeat eitesion. To this manner he ulers dry an ‘whch injuresto a considerablo extent the growth ture.” Wien the plants are atte advanced, with in forty-oigt hours, {hd strength of the tresy— seed leaves about haan inch broady take hems ‘Tuko of horse dung any quantity, mix it wen tho To cleanee Orchard Trees by Line tome in small pots of Nght earth, priswarmod and. lap up with & quantit provioudl y of clay y and a ‘Tho litle uso of tho bed, "Put rand, of limo #0 has been a e highly recommended {to make a: composition; thon add a quantity of Three plants in each bypot,thoandhet fnBonothe fresh ingert dressingmadeof lite a litle old moss-eaten orchard. trees piteb-tar (which is pat upon cartwheels) and Blopingly, quite to tho sui-leaves, them Diungo the being slaked with water a. welsh composition of the whole.” The pots into ho earth; and prick tome plants also aud hittot old worn ent apple trees well drsced form of thobed. Give a very little water thototheearthrootss they are Foto withmotsa brush, the rovale thwas oster that iadfh f fruit slennedtoesand in tidtho up,speing are ofto thohaveyeartheirafterranks Susk tho water should be previously eats and wore and destroyed, lems complet ely Haraeds bedaub the porta ed or covered ih{etter ofdaly,eh.to promote tals new, mith sooty Draw onthe this oles, helhyold, oexsuuing fred fixture, at a but d glasses; m Tho i t ltWoogh twenty Fears cultivate the Cuounber, 40 givetho vontlight thebee aatiling noel hecithy appearance. well ofthe inplantas irowth ‘ ‘To produceTo oucusnber by b the e sing d Steam , ‘To cure Blight in Fruit Tres, igh, an heatinch oftothean bedinchandor thtwo temperay from batf verywho garden ers a cusand Hind A vemothering straw-Sro should be made carly tothe proportio n {hare is scateol any y person as not In October, in enlinan wonthor, wader eachThistree, an umber-bed in his garden. Tore the weather. Cover the glasses overy night Cucutabors are frced Kept up during hour or more. dono, indayth tidy tea and reinove gardon Givemats twice In hotbe d, pits, abd hot-ho ues, and th tohenthereof with forapo the mors and other Iupuritos fromthe to ia cnoo wesk, 4 Morning. fr, stam and dung have been applied from every abscure hole and corner sullor ‘oF daly, according to the season, a very light but ofdungwih fe thethe acte only thing pet os found outs tot{ngfrank,yourandluddare fo tho Branches, earful ean leatto theia lively moderate tp Maings "Keep by the leat r ay be advan: watering, thom in tho same way, taking from tha Tos dung lot of requisite by bod Tho cultiva tagoou aly ted. auining leaves every web of miles of feats TE 8 oe. Soit, Deed be, waah the trunk, and all the largor wood, Tikenot overyofker qth alution of lime and dang. Last of aly it anyCucumbers pdegre lant, wl grow ia To guard the Seeds from Mice, ei thongh withthe sub 1may B nocesury to of destroy igor, tho insects of egeay whch Loy a pane over the pot or pan till they provided thoy bo supplied with s suilcinoy of Ihave conte up, ofaudglassafterward have dropped upan the ground, and'tinay bo at nigi cover with sseed-leav ‘aca to loosen the sol in the sireuferenes” Ta Heat ght, water, anda ' pov of equal szo tll the er have ex tie spring, or early bighting season, apply your ‘or Karly Forcing. unde end the busks have dropped Iuders, aos east eurvey of every branch, and Aboreromie recommeands mould or compost then, the plants are lable to be estroyedfor, until Tho

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

1617

MACKENZIE'S Jet tho plants havo feve air; and, as the weather more plenifully, to given’ warmer, gets Harden the plants, o that they may thebe able Dur the open alr and run from under glusces.to ‘When begin to andfil the {rained theout plants Horlzontally, the glases, glastet tetheyuponara Licks to boar them from th plants. After this thy plonts nothingthe more then showers to bo su sro plied with require Water when suismer hot suficion, and'to stop thom when they’ run {oo thin of brunches, and thin them of loaves or branches when they ate likely to bo évererowded. wari ofgummers snd in thewarmplantssituations, this‘Ta mode management, will bearby plentiully for about two months, provided they be Hot attacied by insoots or weukened hy dizeacen

underTheretho isease,moverovenanybefore the molees ower bat ox. coves, biweoor, ouldwlways be reniorel by aight loss Pouds. inthe Feo, dnd roplaced fo tho eveninge dvs at feraaes,oft and ofthe {hes in tho visiity ace plodnecutsary, {neo thei depredatin rofusing, sbasltely by the dispersion No‘sand airvornin nood stegenerally hoam begins admittedcos tll the heat begine to tprogaate ti fenileawelblooms the fait buteveryafar that Gf wishto will not otherwise, ois ful so, thevbalavorstatethomeather ight shouldbe tlledto appear sae days Sod the ocous will bo abort.” ‘Tho early plants my boy unt a ats thoai glass, not having the offallbessearreatof tbe Break ground.asd iAisfonty, mast orthenvery boebilyadiited with ‘der Daturel of tho assatance sad thor ore care; the ead af to convey tho Turia,to‘etet tho atiblal {mat sbould be hungif ver the opening, ttseethe Twingo tho inib necessary eultivator id Gf thonatal firmay ait through and notiamodiaely Peeguationfhe plat To tranuplant Cucumber TEs tnoa0 son of frlicaion watch boand plants Aly, and, as afemalo Bower someact As soon asthe scedleav es of the plants are fly Saale lessons ace fully expanded, procod to expauitd, tanaplent them vngly fate pot of the The frat tho ame daye” Take of @ ule blostom, SSE sine, Th and givefomperste litle water end sit ight detaching it with part of ths fo t- talk; hold this To prevent the Irregular Growth of Melons tnd day.’ r forandsellings ias fromthe fetween tho finger and thumb; pull’away the 850 to°F5e. "With this beat watey in grow certainlurgersituations, Losesido Bower lest closeelovofo theLo thostamons end ofcentral pat, theirMelons circfrequently, arth in tho pote besomes dry, ands ite wir u l a r form snd. on one ‘which apply sigma. the feuale ight and day’ao as to Keep tho faternal aii the Hower, twirling it litle about, to discharge than he other, and theo true are Frame awect ani! Aoctostin between tho agrees g vaya bade‘ sero th heron soive particles of tho fertiing powder, heat above-twentioned, the planta wil bo ft for Proceed thus {o aot overy fruit, as tho dowors of ak, in proportion to th siz ofthe mul, and finally transplan ting ost intoin onothe month, Usetl ofntsthe thofriground. aethoneatly as posts toa sorts epon,perform while ofSt «val fal part expansions the Lich of Noveibe fruiting thats, frames,”by tot r {he{tte aking preautivn to fay End generally Sn tho early of tho moss tothe betweenforks”the tfo prongs, andthe suspend 1o form the rvitng Ded. ftp, unig a ftosh malo, p o s i b l e fur each tne {he mclon Ina fow daye Drofuation, as fesaloblossina tho tales aro usually more abun wilt Fesum it form, when th fork may melon Boginthreotomake preparation fr the fruiting bed, bo ro. about {ant than te In Consequonee, weekd Detore the plants are realy 3 ‘he young. frit will oon bo observed 10 all rely and the o p e r a t i o n is niehed. he quality tboAhirplanted ont for good. ‘Tho dung culectedy, wellfive worked, is mae up into a be od fatiering fraaly Evcausbore attain tho proper slo for othe frat reruns undiminished. thout being abuut Sfteen_ or twenty days fromfor furor fest high, a produes Mushroom andthe frnes and9 {Se tin uf jo ettings and often, in moooaion, Tights sot upon i t . els aterwards eudered IE the water whorsin mushrooms havobedboonor two or threo monthe or more tho sao bed by fad fora few day fo set and wal ie relent steeped or wasted be poured upon an old feat boin temewnat abated andplantswhento tisgrowhough food cultura,both necessary he above andartideil operation will the broken part of mushrooms. be strwod Ssfound efectuel in forcing (obo a ft tate for the insite {hereon, theo wil spoil arise great numbers. furfaco ia mado lovel, anda sl of tout Tat ia the oueuniber, between fhe dete of aatom snd Suet under thewarimilotho ofeach light, and when the Stay, whilesorete fully plantexpovc are mostlyto thosbutfre nde gs,kw To produce How Potaton ‘Mont througout the Winter ‘ould nplants ae Ce gets plants are fdgod out ini Propareloamya proper quantity ofwith red ean,© portion of ‘Aerts i hese tho bedenough ss beeome pertectiy sect, pragnatioa is eloted monly or wholly by nature, aller hate, and tix i t u p and there'bo Ja yan tho weather To save the Sw. ime days powder, vizy about one-thiray aboutbo proves ne, the planta will grow fcly. Solet gome best tummier fu,to continwe from goodSn pro:Tall, Sffourteen beforo using it, This s o i eto ductive plant which p e r m i t o Plant Ont about threebox,lacie thick atthe bottomellaroP fru tlving,theysobosom yellows ‘on oncutendthemia fproad ‘When the temperatures ascertained to beright, thy old wooden or cn a very dry brick {fea tho pase thot upright Seg hithomot turn ove the the full sun, for two or threo weoks, when they fos The ella ought mat to bo expored tothe apreceed f ouldtheto plantain forming agtog ain properly, andlean thenout ray be eut open, and, the sued being washed out Front, nor yet too tadch confined feom the ai, planting. Turn i pots or to of lange potatoes of @ fom the pulp, spread it to dry and harden; then priorcheyears4 eanure Sno at tito, withthe bait of eattt wile about peforrodof aroppletho tho thetortspink-eyes growth; pe it up in papers or bage for future sowing. Te theplantswoots; ahd thus dasert ‘one patch of threo Folsapplo potanos aust many Jearoy and teol ef threo potatias. Ket thon the soll whole, abu theca which haveinto geawn togethey withhil theearth ball, Jr(oe fourroauinyours!good Keeping’ preerablo for early oes par, with tho crown Etearth entre fhe mide ot eae or putth mopriuell aye frame crops.ucla and isDiseaoes Sng them nearly around tho stows. Also any not Uo tho soll in prefensay but asl over Invpotsif having beenfor prisked intomaythe beearthtakenof thoup ‘The thrips sometimes attack early cusumbers, hein Dlant about the 20th of Sepleter, which bed required planting, from ton toliotwelve wecks for their sprouts growt ani are to bo destroyed by fousigation, “The ved fallows wrth aamall ball of easth and platted simian}. the ula potatoes tw out munverowe rarcly mates ita appearance; when it-does With water wormed toabout tho aiethe uf rosty tho bedan givehat {pierter nust 80 growing on them. improperly Some stalks, with many potatoes very light watering rls produce have cankerbeeninthe aloo, withheld, especially where Town the glates til next moroing. Shade orginal potatoes forbe planting Wh of forperfeat e9!9 breuchthe fromonly theresource tain sew. “Whew thotis soll ‘Tho plants ato from thorootmidcdny eumills,a ondfew cover days, they infrom Beptember, should euch aa wero the ease, 18 to renew Eidthe they have faten in the in the Ostober ofthethewinter procediog‘The year,sprouts and overy ofeveningthe with forgo tate, which 0 the plant Seal presorved during shouldglates be taken mornings ‘whied shoot fromandthetathere shouldsprosts, be removed by thebe {To yrow Cuownbere unter Hanel-Glasser. Mr. Phils Method of Goering the Frases. Gnd of April wbiok will ‘The flowing mothod is given by MePbail as From ss to treaty sx inches long, may be planted Firs, lay clean single mats om the Tights in practiced: ‘The seeds are sownor trith all thor Aron u's garden fr fs crop length and notBreath neatlyany to partcorerof thetho wuts sashes,{0 that generally. taking care to sulfer nuddlethe bout! bed, add when of theyApri,comeia upa cucumbor June 15 the potato este may be sprit again, fuolon they are pot Shue Hang over tho sashca om or a¥ove tho linings, for fend the planted fora seond erop; and in plaots in Septembarsprouts out ito small pots, two or three that ould be the tesns of drawing the Seam fol. the potato eprit athrown third watered, and stopped at tint, and tho sproute ofcotsthe myist boproduce Jno the framos ia tho might tie.” Om these mata properly kept and ‘cach, treed anton uponthe theMay frstn wariaor necond aa oFuct" At thois toendbe of Sepoer tbeon eltuation,Joiut,whoreAbout the the mouldmiddle ia veryoF ag ay layequally nothera covering covering ofof sotoglo'ny, wats ‘riglaal seed potato g e n t l y placed about out dug. trench a and on, pitebol ja t]omatines three oF fur, eh, tll 8 below montioned for a” Chrismas and the Jongtl pea the" three tobroad, thro foot deep, which ar ni tno, a0 top. At thoshould ond of bethreocarefully montebvsted at forthet tho portioned ccoeling the niiabor of lights St f e fromon being thoTho covering to proven of ofboards Tows ‘ld potatoce from the Tutended for. This breach is filed with good next laid mats winds.” to Koop tho seeds und dust swarm dung, and when tha dung is como to ite full fnew anes, and tho sprouts taken of tho old por by arethemerely Kiowa glass tothe ight, ton, of twelvo tito, andthe old potato is thon tobe placed on ita with over covered is ic tho hay H fromthe getting Trent trhichthenayfaehappentongto bethofm plant deep of rich nou, The glacsos are thea bottom or side, on a fresh bed of ao propared as bel be inches Inte in evering up tepa oe mort ladderttoust from exch toro, and lf to produos anther erop from fea fet upon, ft rbuut threo feetgeta distant igh, Wasw under them yon placed ost the oils as you are fo cbucr¥e mowld the when aad USuiot byandthosegreathoracaro ficehuust ik Uefs totakencovernot andto ‘ther; the plants are torned out of the pote, with their ‘that fho old potato should nok bo et or pled tncivers, in the mould under tho thrice on the came re, and you must take care rea or inure tho glass. balls whole, and plunged given thet to settle the that tne to remavo the sprouts, to provent the litle water aad atheir lasses, about Sating the Fruit Should oot, the glasses st over thems Iolntere from soting tho ald potato. Dy the ‘The cucomber beset tila and female Blossoms to grove, Shove mothodl may be had four bro of new Doand roots snnie have they after fan) distncly on th tate plant. ‘stTho laterJo aniaature only pro fin flue days they are raised litle begin on one sido 0 {aloes from one potato, exolucive of those pro= appears wih fruit tho dice

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1618

MACKENZIE'S

‘duoed from the eprouts planted in the gerdsi in Inolose and cover tho bed with open frame April Jung, from which may be oltslaol two work, around and on whieh place the dung, aud The Portuguese Mod of Cultivating e Onions, ‘rope and of well-grown in September aud with this toatment the rhubwill arb come up very ‘They must frst bo rained on a nueeryOctober, weighing frompotatoes ten to twelve ounces exch, rogulatly, be of exellent quulity end. want for the warnieit and most ahellored part of thebedgarfa ‘Tho erops were very plentiful, s attention than is required. by thy former deoyas early in the month of February aa the sea proportion to the lemethod, for the feuine-work renders hund-glastee ‘on'will permit; a3 soon as tho plants are strong planted. ‘quantity ‘Tho for any potatoes then aro remarkably well davered, and Care sould bo cough tae Femoral chat fo any when they may be kept longer without projudioe aftr gath- taken to lay thecoverdunguanecostary. in such « manner the out the thickness of gooee-quil let ome ering, before dressed, than potatoes grown in the top may bo partly oF wholly taken off at anythat time ‘be prepared with garden mowld god water, matural ground. for the purpose of gachoring or examination mith. small proportion of soot, the whole to, be ‘out disturbing the # oF o raise Peas in Autuoin, the consist of thick cream as the planta "This isa euperior method of forcing the rheutn ‘are drawn from ence the let their route be in‘The purple-owered peas are found to answer hybridum, still tho forcing by pots wil ane ‘tantly immersed in tho seed-bed, puddle, beat for a late orop in autumn, ae they are not #0 sor vory but retpain well for any of the smaller growing til tbey are traneplonted, where andthey there Tiable to be mildowed as many of the ather sorts, ap aro perma rently to continue. ‘The'plante shodld be set oul ‘and wil continue flowering till the first orop stops P M h a i t r h d o boat ix inches apart, and the ground kept por. d , in July, August, ‘To thoso who dislike the troubl of either frame feelly cleat of weeds, and rogulasly refreshed with forthem,eo late‘Theto as thepeasrst maywookbe ingownSeptember, e if sown ‘or pots, it may bo useful to know that rhubarb sils hot and dry weather. "On this latter le{in warm, sheltored situation, and int goil ine ice will vry muh depend thelt ae and lining to fandSouk to pein warm mit and i‘nocmhee itthimcukck witqhuiickgehr by beingeaecovsehroed abbeoutta tix ‘after you havo draven tho dril s water thom before fn pustti it on and rtetmter; { tha unlod in kebne onions orioofrty jury oving t ‘You sow the peas; Tt best to vow them towards one to ngthe plants ‘ultivated in the By keeping tho roots in .To d R the evening. If tho autamn should prove very dry tude, if T t wero only r fora few minutes, during h y u they will requiro froquent watering. b erdr. {he interval besween the taking up and tranaplant, ‘ fare town beforo winter or early in spring,Whenthey peas T D h m e e o d e f s ara r i t t h s t s they are prevented from receivin it of its epiderhmiosd, ‘Thisyinfgew lounbgarboperatoi truiipt isatng check very apt g the alightto be eaten by mica. ‘a prevent this, frou tho acooas of the atioapho ‘oak the peas for a day or two in train oil before both time nnd exponso ero spared in the endonsby snd will require rie ait, ‘You sow them, which will encourage their vegeta: tho promptnes and regularit of the drying no immedia te watering when txst on and render them 40 obuesious to tho mice r‘Many cultivatosrs of rhubarb on y large ceale have (tansplanted, opeated the experiment and have met with the ‘that they will not eat them, m To sxe Peas in Circles instead of Straight Rows, ost docisve resTuolt,cure Rhub This a great error in those persons who tow the ‘The mothod of curing tho.arbt,ruo rhuba is ae rows lall-growing peas eloso togsther. Tt is follows Take the roots up whon tho sttlalk are ‘much ofbetter jn thoso uorts grow six or eight witherin or dying away, clean thet fou the fect high to have enly ono which rom, afd then to leave ‘earth witgh a dry brush, cut them in email picees ‘bod ten or twelve fest wide Tor onions, (of about four oF ive inches fm brewith and about ‘or any crops which do not grow tal . The eatsots, advan’ tivo in dept taking away all the ber, und make tages which will be derived aro, that the pens will ‘ ro extteate Aeparag not be drawn up ao mueb, bo stronger, wll Somer holo in the middle a81nd string them on pack oti much nearer the ground, and in wot weather con thread, That parttho sun, of theand garden whish byfo longest ex. every poset! ‘beinstead plese more easily gathorod without wetting you, Dut morning, Keeping a p a r t , and every. last shaded sts ond fe fine, place thera inthe Ec toby hips fr the at othe of sowing peas tows, if you ‘pen part ifof thethe weather garden ‘will form the ground intoin iralesstraightof thres on stages higerected quarter, by plas ppargus A mould piti whieh then tobeiv dog fve fest fot d i og snall posts about ab feet h in tho ground {depth ‘moter, with & space of tivo fect between each toda andthe tae from it et atundey at which horton nut circle, ia row thiety fect long, you will have eix heated) taking eave to rest-all stones, outa fot apart, beginningat the top, and ven at low in cease bert mut. The best parts fircles of peas, ench nine foo, sn all Sty.four foot Tee" shulard. sprung ‘cronwiee fot the bel of peas instend mould must then be laid sao for masing of thirty, on’ the same extentof Bales, place thembeingon theso oo that i ‘onit houldal Spe round, If.you want more than one row of cit- fain you could easly removepegs, each pole with the ‘The materials ofthe eds ar then tobe lad in ‘eave a bed of ten or twalve fect before you. fuspended pe s into any covered Never the following proportion aad srders— sin another. or tho very fourto grow foot {ater tem to bo outat aightas the ‘iz inchesof common dunghll manure; eight ireles will afford more room forfallthesorts roats inches of turfs sx inohes of dong as beforey six in and are must bo taken by applying some tene them, To eltvate Onions ches of very sited rotten earthy dung sight ight Aer twige or atbor suppor Snebes inches of turf]of thesix to prevant t, the circles ute the hve tothe inches plant of except it be for from joining each other. Thisimethod isequally Never ngshotthe outground frulevenweed,te theiWa the onfons Dest“Thoearths applicable for searlet beans. fate thor soy op, of earth‘Therout then be well mixed and vith thebest futlayerof dung To prevent Mice from Destroying early-oion Pens, hen they begin to gata ite brown fullatthe addition imof tal (thefar arth away of alt asparagus the all fom ‘Tho tops of Furze, or whins, chopped end {ar the beds, bulb down sepesally tothe places frou form the wen, ie suggested by the natural babita whcacoa Basin proceedroundthe bres of the rots ofroin thrown and thus covered up, by fing tnd goading into plane t h thus thom thein drils, och their bulb, whist atte mpts to geratcb, Wan tatoes the rain and serves az Feceplace or the ‘Tho quarter mut now be divided into beds fre fffectual preventiv e. "Sea tand strewed. pretty Mote tmeediatly thickly upon the surface has the eaao effect. Ht then wie, by paths constructed of tur, two fot rom the watering-pot ho neadw easy Bulbs wil infectbreadth, bpis gets in their ears and ts troublesome. form aud onoaboutin thickoese, and it Tho separagae toy nus are kept bo planted properly moist andthe the s c e end good of Mareb, eighteentop To exltieate Common Garden Rhubarb, tho elestert will bo ery largo. and.‘momieru, Inches asunder. Tn panting the, the bador This not enough to give it depth of good soil, 1 in not tho only advantage ofthis mode ef st the ehoot i to Le placed atthe depth of an nek Dut watered in drought, and in winter Ateatment, asthe bulbs thus grown above ground finda halt in the ground while the roots mat be ‘mustit bomustwell becovered straw of dung.” IP thie Sfomuch sounder (han those formed beneath the trend out as widely as ponsiblo,ia the form of en ‘botaken attended to your with rhubarb be solid when ‘Surface an will Keep quite as well ag any other inbrlla. "A sal bi of stile inuat he placed ae out of the ground, and will your teres wbich vas not the ease unt tht flan ees ‘As‘tnark atae each plant, aide ladand in the grout ‘warm one, will soontit for use, kiteheay if a opie. soon the enh is eatled dry, spastfu ‘By particular modo of culture, t h e onion in To force Rhubarb, Gf fine sand i to be throwa eo each plant plants a the enubtey may be. grown ‘eary to form and Cover plants of the sheutn bybridum with com- tals form ‘of a mle-bil. Tf the asparngus” tie iteof thethoseSpatinh from ofSpain mon garden-pots (number twelve), huving theie feeds should have begun to shoot before tei raneplane and: cnion Portugal,”should Thefor {non Portugal holes stopped. ‘These thewil,oi hota ahold bet oan are covered tv h ferment: {Gis purpose bo sown at tho Saal’ poriod in the Ing lang dung and the with ithess shopresautions be equal plents como very i n e and quick very thickly, aud fa poor stil under the ly, bat are much broken by the sides and tops of fpriag, ‘cesefuly though ld be performedfy th iad‘ apple or peartrees, the Ta pots. satan te After bulbs country i t is efen a l aslate well as up July. t h e dung ‘Shouldtheyany of the and pols are entirely taken off and large baud-glasses wall oot bo much larger than pea when they ants orginally inerted ave died, eo wey he tan spring, from the andait thenol planted preserveut come unt [otvoplaoat at tis eenony "be plane onght ‘ro substituted fn thelr stead, thickly covered with Toolaeceoling tats every night and fn dull weather. ‘This pro. Sioance rom eath other, ina good ll, and ox. ‘ye two yours old. when. they are rnsplonted cess they wil eren take" at thes, bat at four they are greally Improves Wavor, and. gives a pore to tho son. ‘Tho bul will often exceed Ave sptia regular supply till thet thelt fal in the open aie ready Toches in Gamcies, and will eop throught the furs To three plants wil be it to ont Winter mc better than thts cltivated in the forse. If yonrs tho budsthe largest Another Method. be suliienly large te fareh

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supplyBo incut thisas farts manner, theythe appears asparagusotherwise shoots ‘hou a9 Ui theeasequantity {hey mustforthbo in len which yall the Dust End size prevents Amthewironfrominfohavingis‘wsed so agreeable ‘or thie appearance. fnpurpore. will generally decribed separagus-b “Tho thirty edbut now they in cack planted be yoaray last sbundance ar to roquira sitting only once twenty-seven years, bal the bed being ays iuin 2fhore.stato ‘Tho of redorvaton, will lastthe a bede centacyshouldor init making tarf used ‘every fee from stones, Another Sethod, ft ide of gond bel itedung, Batre Maks the any or thorsedssow(lesti ithoe soil without‘Then tow two long nionn. fil) bout one inchanparagus Should near nadeach others ifthe ores tt anhand waydry tolot deop, ashe Erle tat is cold In October thec thoweedsbod grow spring with tnaover ain somes.

8 ‘nuro or rotten hot-bed. ‘The nextand spring remove ‘ho weakest of the two plants, Keep tho bod {free from woods. ‘To ralso cod, slost the thikfeat stems; tops, to makeaftertheblossoming seed strong.enough,Thie takeis alsooff the the Vert way to raiso double ten-weoks and Brompton stocks. Shr pounds are suiciet for any strong Plant; setting to inflower petanear doublefrom oneseulti-it (of no use. ‘Tho thomexcess l arises Wationy and teaneplanting into rich soil; wild Aowers are seldom double. Keep {in the pod until you eow thew. sll stnall egos

Te fers daarap, 3 pits im which bottom sucession pinot aro kept in {6tighteen suutnieebavo at ayer of leaves out inches deep, covered with th seth eas ofarotan,removed, whioh becomes quitethe eld whoa thobe Pines Ta one of pits should fora the atc root, src of The oi tn a ntity ovrof asparagus sndlinings soverof ithatwithdang, SSchce more o f tan and apply fa scsi enn round th side, ee {ngclized up therebyfn the & idle good heat The alovemod was of December by Be Witt Ham and asin thSvo shoots woke thsmade croptheiryasappear” Bt for uso, Rous, ‘Anand foonduring thoas much day-time hoposit took ef tho hts, introducing air aa igeve them largo_av a good natoral color, ondeen tho tio wasin Beatly if they bad produced the"Poopeninsureground,perfectattheeucowne, usual season, ie is expodient to have good routs to place 38 tho bed theol usual plan of taking them Frow the exhausted beds Sffd thounfitgarden i s bal It they are pat tir best to rennin fn the gain, ey cannot bo {n'a good state for forcing. Young sooty four eare uidcotly from if thethoyseed,aro tostrobe inuclt preferable: They a r e purchased every Year;ig but where ero is tuleiont space rogue paticlar pro of shna ade ually,fr andthis thus a susseasion etoc besecured To render Anparagua more Productice, To the formation ofriaVeds aaythe easlymalo plans onlyLy shout be sletod be done ‘otflowered. plantingWhenfroin thethe plants eea-edaro onounl they haveold yetr transplant dhemthemfotoralaain the other boa at as inch dlaunees let until second they Cowen, thich willbe Sn ost of thousthere inthe years Puta enall Hck to cash malo plant to mute ie€9 Enitrae pull«salup thoplantation females,withuoleeons ofi them is wished to prove Ge“romards cath of chotend experinent, oftheJuly,sialisespecialy if asparagus, itberainy rweathor, cut down of the Fork upwaterthe hon’ beds, withthe and eke draining thor rmooth. Ite bs dry, of » dangly itfutherantend of leavingi thethem tilde rou theLeaveDetterthen datortoliow Teun the water or rain. In bout twelve or fou.

1619

teen days tho wei asparagusono wil beginats to apy,onc and SEC Wag {rico e weok.tho "Byon. thisof Beptember; method exparagts mayGinobe ut{ho about at hich hot beda wil suoesed this t40hewiatthat by making voorsirbatbeleduring e r aregulor eas stion of i ay bo had every month of tie year, To raine Capicum and mabe Cayenne Pepper. CCeprouin popper is produced from the caps ‘om, which fs owors saised foror forornament, withthe meng Stier sunual pickling green an those aa pod whe iy Ta fatch or A p r precute tome p o d e of any of the torts of copious, aa thoro ard muny varieties of {hem thom of diferont shapes; takeout the seeds, sd sow an a bed not to thick, When they otar about four inches high pris thom out onthe ted at six inches natoder, or pt each into & stall Dot, into Jargo‘one ad Keep then silit UnderoF thothregles. In Jute, on the weather foited, plantwhorethem alla = wars situation tas Floh cally thoygordon ae to aideinai, sone on th borders othe ower into larger obs which you can shelter a tadonceweather To entvate the Alpine Sirueberry ‘Tho process consists ofbogisning sowing the seed on a rmoderate hotbol in the of Apri and1 Temoving the plants as soon a they have acy huliioné strength,to Mlossou to belt after In the open Eound ‘They wil ogin idgumaser, aad aford"an bundant late autumnal crop. ‘his ‘traneborty ‘val plonte ought always to bo teated 0 cur ate Te caltivate Soa Kail

‘Tho seed isto be sown fn tho month of April in Arilsom wll; athe plants ris, thin thom w atgoodKeoplightthoudry clean, ‘The Hrst wintet earth up to protect them from the frovt;vighteenthe folowingthem aumavet thin thea to about finches distance, leaving tho best’ plants “At fenveyor ower and cover upGhats each planttake withawaya tholargelesayed des pan po ‘pen which lay a quantity of the leaves of trees, Ue heap of tho foot and creat heat to the pants Stableitter iy aometines usol instead of feves, ‘uttha fllowiog iisupt to give tho plants a runic taste. Te tant of April the willbemayquite full of fine tendor blanched shoot,potewich be atstumpover coer by the ground (but not too near) and the fr wast erp ‘ay bo repeated pagan with the sanse plants two or three {ines durtug the spring, befure plants are lett for summer's gromthe” With thsthe treatment fea kat if auliciently boiled in two watery, wilthe Yonay found equalwithto any asparagas or anbrocallvinegar aad be eaten Butter or butler fand pepper, a9 may aut the tate. "Tho pleat being’a peréonial on, will Ist for any length of tise with proper clear. To cultivate Hadihes to have them at all Searone, "Tako eee of rash and lay them in rain water to slthoe p eomnom fur twenty-four put them quite wot into a sual linenhours ba, then well fied at the mouth with a packthread. if you have steeped a large quantity of seeds, you tay divide them iato several bags. ‘Thon capose the ‘bagsheattn aofplace whero they wil reeive the great fun for about twenty-oue hours, the ebd oftho whch ie sowthe itnta theil ustabannan. rom, and you may then Sor ia earth wall exposed tothe heat of tbe sun: Prepare to cover hyeuchuther exo ‘Theso maytw bosmaleasilylabsprovided seming a emul taik through tho anildlo,and thoy wil-werve ‘winters in sumer ono wil be suffclent for eachi Kind hne been sown, As soon as goa Ihave ofsownearth yourthat teeds you must cover thei Wil our tu, and at the cb days you wil Find radiates of the sire andof three thickness fettuees, having. at their extremities twoof young snail ‘ound leaves, ring from the e a r t h , o f reddich Salor, These radishes, ext or pulled up, will bo fxcellent if mixed salad) theand eouaton they havera e ‘uch moro dlieata withtaste than

MACKENZIE'S. {shesTy which aro eaten with salt. taking the following you may have them in the winter: precautions and even during theia hhardest frosts. After having steeped the seeds warm water, and expoted. then to the run ae Fealy Wirecled, oF iu a place sudiciently hot to

83 warm the rake them shoot forth, nefeds,of them with exeth wall dunged;to sowtubs; SoutAll thusthe prepared, In ono of them, and covet ‘vith you must then bo careful tonecessary. bprinklo ieotherwith tub; watea water as often as iay bo Thon cary tho two other tube covey joined, Ung eae tay cove cach ate vara Yatlto eller, aad at tho end of teen deye you Tay gather Sno cla ii To increane Potage Herbs. ‘The manzel worzel would, if permitted to ran up,plicking grow oftoa"potago great vegotabler height, and afferd a good twice Into,week ta ‘inter (only). e must bo planted but may continue two or thes yeary whe itswarts, roots faandwilltheit boground wasted, tho herbage, must be ronewed by seod. become

pred Otings hom te Pap cen af tea odes ofc gone wherein’ thei leapt catlbage he oon eee s eee So£5ee ee Le ee Grales aren eee eae re eee "bntaane,he Redth Sper uta the et cae aad Pgh peer ies eer gery rn ee ns ep te Hamas o Tidy ofdndlepilr Vegetsfown a

‘Take w chasing-aish with lighted charcosh snd tree ora buah Lranshes of thentho throw thoeaterillores it ualer place Iriroon ao tho ile Trimstone on the eval” The vapor ofthe sup, Irhich ia mortal to theofromSaseat and the sullat Ing. Bsed ie avsing the charooa, wil willnot nly destroy a l that are on the treo, but. ‘Sitesally proventwiththe thea,shrubs -A'pound from boing,of sulphur at hat Seon, infasted wil“Anutor cearasmethod many ofteeesdriving as growthes on insects soveralof cron, frit. troes is to bul together a quantity of rue, wort. troud, and common tabacee (ofliquoretchshould equal boparts), {ovation water. ‘Tho very Soong. Spell this ‘on the leaves sad young Bronabes every morning tino tho fet ripening. aad’ evening during the To destray Insets on Plants ‘lo up tr some fomaraandof withsulphur inthe a leaves pioce ofof ssl fino linen, this Young shoot ofthemplantsLy means should bo euianton dsted, or swans tansy ‘e'thfown on of downTrothput,aieuranecs or oven Lyhavea dreiging box.en reaived repeatedly ofSsethe if powerfulsssinduencead worof muphtur aguioet the mi nit ad ey on vogotles,hauth Sulphur has oolaowhicben twat foun Depron of plants penis andiaprovel that poash-teos insetined partoular were etarkably by iy and {0 absorb xtide" Tetan boon ikewize observed wero tht thepercoptbly verdure ether healthful appearances Increased;fortnedfor subsequently tho quantity tothe of ewoperation, thoots and sad leaves Ising noesmpurativ sulphur om index, thei surface servedowt asdi 8 ind of and posed finaly che secutnulacion of health, To eutivate the Suyjler, ‘Tho sunflower, Kidney-boans, and. potatoes, rized together, gros aduiratly, the neighbor: Hood of the sunilower proving havantageous to the potato. This well

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

1620

with folationof ralnswater, of half an ounce offa tss-ammeoniag in & ‘Phu, h e month of Pebe tssallentcarefulll attention, the sunflower will make Pint ho taro or refs of the sundower, after the Fuary, rite or rose wil eppear; andy with preted, nay pigeons be propuredand aspoulty, slight which viand pect are townfna they watered gener, if snd In. Mishecnias, ‘a ordowers for‘ill hogn and outa, ots at before banquet oni foratityQuery, piewould ot Eiular manner, they will blow at Christina Innke good eikoakes fatining if brought To preseree Wood from Inte Into ‘matice it might boom auralject of agai In thoBast Indio woodaloesfomare employed as avar‘Forty-aight pounds of sundower wil fro. sish to preserve sworn and. Aue pounds of eI Sa, I osteom ie az Saclay And eking and even Living animals,otherare ‘worthytwelve of eonideration of o ooiate with forthe sane reason. "The haves {leds il ender ;the ToruwofI. Iagrantho seal for fring by the white jusantto inprotest Toy wood frat fom sg. pigeons, ete. olivecompletly wnncosie aot Sommitted aloe of tal tho gested sary.88, Doutry, " Au i 2 resembles . ti would fem, for whiehor ispurpose theby juico isaolvnt,either used ‘be'Round, o examination, m competent to supply ts ovirate, eatin tome place? Whatevermay bo the points ofdierence, Te certaily may bo ‘To preserve Young Shoots from Sluge and Barwige, tion and manufactures "Zarwign andof alge ao fodand ofthe poate ofthe ‘looked a thoy become y. ‘young shoots carnations pla andere ords an agresablo and wholesome food fo sha Troublesome in place where they abound, to Yor prerabbit fo goats and rabbits the litle ipl sten he ate selina wate, Branches area delisions and uturions gratiioa: Tsing aot in cstrns or pans.” Ifa penelldippe tom aa fa have leo thebeen diotakenof theout. pureTabiteBowereatafter Snfenceoff ia waato drawn round oftho these bationToseetof theor yots tho'graine the days, nolthr ants tole, oxcopt the woody part of the plant, whieh ‘would attompt them, ew insets oan endure Ill edaptedappear for tho putpote of faenoice; br Iteforty- alt Rodthe malls quantity or it atop thei progress,ol, to deserve haven the Blowing of BalbousSioa eighty pounds of alka Vegetable spite Liquor He to hel teeee roduce four tines soperor fo that of any other Haut wo aro aoguainted with, maiz exteptel, Take nitre, 3 ounces; common salt, 1 ounce: Uehight sed atu lye? And tinuter potash, 1 ounce; sugar, $ ouneos rainwater 1 sincrvativni'notsoightbe convert it Sato soap, the basis ound. Dissolve the salts in a gentle heat, in a ot both boing of is com pot, andandwhen‘iterthe thosolution Elazed add.earthen Dig and trench about i, as both thet and the Pat whole. cuger, the ‘lots potato love now eartin. Let the rows be treaty” Jat, gla inta'n liquor t of drops eight h bout i s Dive inches s, divtaneab thofrom esch ether; and it wal ‘Ned with ralo or viver-water.. Tho jars mask be ‘beavantagoon tarusoleditant Loves soaroot,laches opt alway fal, and the water removed every ton “thee graina aro tobe sown a like quantity ortwelro days, addiog ench time frou each other, ad, hen their stow nee oma be placed must also Gowers Tiquor.”‘Tho the ff fight to twelve tichos high the est ofthe threo fn the oaruer of a chlaney-ploes, whero uly to been. Two tails of Branch beans to bo regulary kept.” Tho samo mixture may abe Seom.is Planted with potatos. ‘Tho Feeach beans mil ployed for watering for 73 in pots, or ling the inb'up thesesupport ofthe fesunBowrer, which wil sumesot fishes in which they aro placed, in order to keep and unify sks, and te ‘ower will sesond this dkposition, by kesping off {the earth, or the bulbs or" plants whieh they eon

the great produce toro ‘thon I all heat had from boon theplantedPotato,withandpotatoes, will produco or two pounds, and‘Buchthe sunflower aero will ring in a vastone amount, or con fain one thousand pounds, being one-third snore than gr To economize the Swyflower. ‘Tho cultivation of the annual sunflower fa re commended to the notice ofthe public, possessing tho of furaishing alundanco of agro fable advantage fuller for eattie in their leaves Whet ia Howerbees Bock from all quartore to gatherheney. ‘The is valuable in feeding.a striking sheep, Pzdeat in vuther seednisgalss ft produocs poulry, aa occasioningg them to Tay more ees, fd it yields a largo quantity of excellentoil by pressure, dry stalksquantity burn ofwell,alcali,tho ashes fording a ‘The roneiderable To remove Herbs and Flowers inthe Sunomer IF you have occasion to transplant in the #ummer season, let it bo in tho exening, afer tho heat is passod. Plant and water tho eau iunuedle ately, and; there be noin danger bout ‘oat day but bowillcarefel digging frou wp thethe earth

When

MACKENZIE'S To preseree Seeds fora long tins

: is vegetating ‘manner, may be af ved tatethemforin any0X ecerary length of tino by keeping Bey sitation fn any common brown paper, and oo. ‘aslnallyexponiog thomveether, tothe air‘Thison method fn day, ‘specially after damp wil Satecod with all the large

‘To preurce Exot Seed Five years ago, anys1 hada correspondent ofseedsthe Monthly’ Mogeting, collation of sent mehavefrom beamBorampoore, inthe Keptet, io Tadicn ‘which sinee that period snl Bottsning ima dry vthout orks last tome of them ‘ w e r e eown, and. produced rong,bubif healthytakenplants, under the following sysin tm; fom the hotles and soir {heAltogther ordioaryor wayto produc Lhave germination found them either tofu so weak the greatest caro can never bring them t9 that auy perfection. long obsorved that exygen is oolnecoteary to‘asThhave anitol and vogetabl ifs, and that which imbibed the greatest proportion of that ai ot a8 yields th strongest germination, and withthe fend careunder produssa tho best and1 prepare fort healthy plantsy that impression tho sol Uy"adiog to it's compost mado from decayed egetables, night soll reverel and freshtines eat,but wellthould ited the {ogethor and turned wather Ihave water generally foundmoist the someOn Pthost ereniog betterbe bydrybefore adding to Keep Tintended to solution sew tho ofseedscblo-I fhore andavmerod_ thom n'a wea suffered them foreman tt they beg to awell tal, in a'stato of moisture, ‘By pursuing this treatment even with our Eo~ with annd earlier graded Iam weeds, nal ash To restore Flowern soination and with generally stronger mare Most dowers bogin to droop and fadeaer being ealthy plant, ‘luring twenty-four hours in waters a few To dry Flowers, iy bo revived by substituting fresh water, but

‘most fogacious, exch as poppy, and por. haps ono or two othere excopted,) nay bo restored water. Tor thie porpote place weo ofin Hot bytheflowers sealding hot water, dep enough to te about ono-thied of the Tength of tho stems feovee by ste time the water has become cold the Lowers erect and fresh; then eatof the ‘wil baveendsbecome of the stoms and put them into eold ‘Soddlod To preuerce Flower Seeds ‘Those mho eurious about saving Bower seeds yust attoad areto them the month of August, Many kinds will begin into ripen apnoe, and should ‘vo carefully stcked and supported’ to prevent ‘hem from being shaken by high winds, Partly Tost, "Others should he defended andfrom20 Eauoh wet, auch as ally these of the

Method of Growing Flowers in Winter, St conreniene en driedcanlaini wrapng:thempowdere up dia Tn order to produce this efect the trees or Shareoal, Tight boxes 84 To improve all sorte of Seeds, Charles Miler, son of the celebrated botanis publishe ngnitreseed, and tried fn wheat,d a byrecip mizingfor fertiliti Time, dung in water, and therein steeping.aad. tepigeon ‘The produco of somo of there grains is statedseed,at "1 sixly, and eight mo, many ofthe ea fvelincsventy hen long, lees than forty. and fi corns excl, and nome

‘They should bo dried off ax speedily a3 possiDie, claws, areee, verybeingstall previcusly ff; thewhenculyees,the flowers the calyxtakenit {eft or oven the whole fowering spike, as ia the compound labiate0 lowers; ofthe sed portionpappous greatest overs with olan, be died very igh and before thy are ought entinyto opened, otherwise ‘mains would developethe theslight pappl,moisture and thesethatwouldro{form a kind of cottony nap, which would be very

85 burtfal fo fnfasions, by leaving Stating parti. cls inthe throat, Flowers of ite or uo euell tnoy bo dried ina heat of 75° to 1002plenty Fabry tho ficeulent.po tal of th lilisoous doris vary fagaceous, cannot wall be driedwhose sons of flowering top tatry, lily of theetoyvalley, wormmood, elliot, wa {eraud germane, are ied up a euallporele hungernup, orEatexposed to aythentsu,be wrapped in Fazer they oor color being of thequckly petals dried of red with rhon unes is aferpreserved bythothe their whisk yellow aathers aro toparated by s t i n g y theSar Soe of roses and ed pinks ie considerably ‘creased by drying. To dry Tops, Leases, or Whole Herb, They bo gathered in a dry season, clouaed should from disoolred andaclTottenoa baa, louver fered tom earth ont coveredwith blotting papor abd exposed to the fun orquicker the heatthoyofare. «stove, i'stho ory, arya0 place ‘The dried belie, they lua les time to fermentor grow moully; hence ty should be spread tha an frequently guened

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 bo shaken ia a large when dried they should eggs of any insects.a to gete rid to ofthe slav Imosbed ried. quiakly with d be ought herbs ‘Rrowatie not befn lost. thelr odor may fnoderate heaty that should that not be dried,tie a2qualities, s plants hucforou untiscorbu their of uiuch loge they face st to dry herbe ina Sime persons ccoasions them,as it were, to this but bath, trator ie bal boiled in their own water, To dry Roote be rubbed in water to get rid of "They should ‘and also sowie of the mucous substance

al oven, in 8 the top of oaiake Fahr-either on ng sidat120¢ tum ear exposed tothemthe clotti er foe, th aurface to cbange ‘ocasonallyand briony, juicy soot, a9 rhubar, dhe lek lice, atrung waterily, omy, heat of about 80°and(9 and hog fa aated, pun d thread Squila threaded in Uo? Bebe. Qhe tube ofare. « German orsepa stovetoed Avid sound Rhobarb shal be wash eC aeet" mucous principle would otherwise thatit bask and aoRt when which powdseed. rate PotaFendr {es aro out in toes and dried. To preserce ote in diforent ways, according ‘These aro preserved as those view. Tuberouseteyroot, te tho wlject inpunta, intendol taberoso, dublin, the fffe planted in the ruceecling spring, are preservedto re in dry earth 6 fanaturaltemperatu {hrough tho winter to theta, uboveots whatof commerce, thin under fates as hye Ho inay th bullous convenien for bub ste, onions tulip Sint, are kept elther loose, in cool dry ehelvesce,ot hes {oft or thelSer sorte fa papers til tho—reaton of ‘Motpanting preserved in an icoKinde may bometaral e ef all return the of house til the tho vacuites withcop.straw, and ‘iter studing same of tho ico with thebaskets, the stsface case covering casks, on ie with boxes, fanterih, plaos them turnips, carrots, beet: ‘tee potatoes” By the coldthatof, and in parteular foois, andl vegetationana’ t ho sothusnivohkeptsuspended the place artistes these SITinjured tll they give plac to antherfeshcropaodin unita ral eeaso0. To gather Vegetable. s i h T knife, andTallin part, in is ‘ torsion withwiththe a hand. part by factare or porformed principle general also knife, theoy Leaving fEnses a oundof sto be theattended futtingof using fection on the living plant. Gathering withthe Hand ought to be done ns to as pone. mi not lower noe muuch above’ the frcering perature, point. taken‘Thurout eabtages, endive, with ebicory, Ble, of the ground’ th I foals, weather, immersed at tho end faof andthe fcason, inandporfectly laid gn, dryoF partially or‘oom,dry wilearth,keepin through aclogo thoshed, winter,collar,andor beice-cold Bt for 0 tll spring, and often tll the returnof the soar ton of their produce in tho garden. ‘Tine for Gathering Fruits ‘ T h i s should tako plasepart in fomtho mtheio Urigeof «dey diy. Plats realy whenthe fipoy they should nol be auch handled ax ikem is aptrealytobewhenrubbed of next Apricots mayTolebo tecounted tho sido tho sun Site wot uponfirmly gente pressure withthewould hoger, ‘Thay adhere fo the tree, and ovenes tn jt‘soved aod bovoun wealy. ”Peschen and upwards,wll aparate and allowed to descend wrth alight on, ready and Thoy my be revived inte tin fine ined with ‘evel s0 as to avo touching withthe Sngero oF

1621

bruising of beegt ofthe ofrpenest for thejudging rule frit tho snall'end mben to‘notce ieines n ‘Reetain on ost ripe. tans eclorasapesthe large ‘Tho ofmostthe transparent are Ue equally} ripen never ht a bunch beret proper Allia thotherefore o dounripe away eut to tho buacles at prosenting Before. berries Sayed oh‘Asin and wit pears ace gated, when dry, a8 they auccssively copa ripen. mover maturity.ao well"Winteras that fruitspproaches "Fomature ness be lett on the tres ti there be dan-ape which shoutd Mes er of frst; they ave then gothored om a dry day, o gather Orchard Fri In respoot tia ofby gathering, thethelreritoe sion of ripenest,to thoadopted Koreythy fa boattentively Observe tre. tho fom fll to inning Shen the apples ani pearesme areregular ripe? end doof notthe at to with man A time Fick thom alvaysasin deya wetscsonono ‘ipening o f fru, and sre wil tine somtimes boa month If gathering. for proper the fa Uiterence this ts uttonded to the frat wil Keep well, and bo econo with al s i ripe. aot siveed Slump i it before tand hat isof gathered Fruit“The ert gathering isto giveif ip,them theya Uireadily 0 a3 tho sal,"Thosand that will not come off toportprosefrouawaythe treo. they longer;bo #0for when Eisly offehoatdhard hangthey a ht str to et will ome Sindtho vielenee dove a thethe footatak yearsmayfrondinjurein for dry next ineTetbudthetherepearsformed when’ orpulled, be quite the fruit banding avoid pinching anyony waydex bart astinTafetion ia tone but whproseally aco spread rss ‘hetavives, to be endbraved, en keptauspeated thetaj {hose Tfrst; et themnear bo earsfully from others, used as gathered, tay’ thom gently ia shallow baskets 86 ‘To presvee Green Fruit Green fraita are Shisgenerallyoperationprecervod by plekling or elling and is usually porformed by some p a r t of the domesta establish. mont To presrce Ripe Fruit. Iai ap te and ny or doatey htees senot poet inv spread nee peered tyre ofaptie drawers,eid sometimes out In them; et cylindrind etthon vareds ined tant wis "Ae Se no Satin an ‘pltoed ite

MACKENZIE'S ‘The most sucsoscful method oF preserving apss pans containing sky placingabout thea e in aed Yessels,sad each gallon, andertben eueFounding each fruit with paper.” ‘Theto vessels Deing ‘perfect ylindors, about a fo height, stand very conveniently upon each ether, and thus present the means of proverving a large ‘quantity of fruit in a very small rooiny and if the "pace betweed the top of ono vessel and the base (of anotherbo Sled with e coment composed of two aris byof whieh the curdthe ofalr skimmed milk, and theonelaterof ime, will be exeluded, of apples and pears will bo preverved with tdsnds ebange in their appesrnnee, without any anger of decey, froin October Giland February of ‘Moreh. “A dry and ool situation, in which there Tittle change of temperature, is tho best for the vessels; butby tho merits of taken’ the pears arethe greatly Increased their boing from about ten days before thoy ore wanted forvewelt a find Kept in 8 warm oom, for warmth at this, ‘atpeer.other periods, accelerates the maturity of the

To preserve Pears Having prepared a number of carthon-ware of dry moss, quentityalternately ars, aud a ‘pears tll thoplaceJar a islayerAlle,of ‘2 plug, and seal around with melted "Thote Jars arodeep ‘ella sunk in dry sand to thefor is preferable

reverve various sorts of Frat B y covering ome ree, tots ofether cherry,os alld pum, St gooee-on berry ani cutrant. Doshoe withand mate tho thisker-skinnedgoonaborsyfret of the rod end wbite currant, of tho Eres yit ho tho reserved Ghstos and inltr.tho rapes open si, may b e preserved fame manner; andhanging peacheson and’ nesterines may felkept a month the (ees after they sree byil theInt boginning forcing, retains plump and eve grapes onInter,“Antoright, bie tilvinethe maturity of May, of bis ely exops. In vay’ grapes may ho gathorod every day in the Jour Avother Method. But tho true way to proserre. keeping fui suchas the apple ma peat stoin Ueput futtema? tight V e t s e s , and place them ella ta a temperature between thirty-two and forly tee freee.” In thls woy al the heopng sorts of these Fre may be preserve in perfest ender for eating for one year aftr gathering. To sore Fes ‘Those tobe used Sra lay hy singly on shelves ron the fosr in a dry sathern fon on loen Ary or estSome,dryar tram 0 rest, a8 nothavingfo touch t{cid ne toss another. all the frat ortightslogy, and then neey cll, are to{he bemoatepread on sbelves or on ndry door, "But superior waiwith to very pack drytn large earthen, China or stone ary, long moss abif tagpossible. boliom, sides ‘and also’ bobween® them a’ mouth good shove coat ofwithmessconk o theother” top, al‘wise, thenwhioh slop“Pret the thould be seained round about with & Testi part inobject it. Baked exw Oustto Will do aa wall,of Decoway As tho in efectully Heep out ait (tho onaso of putrefaation) th Jury {teneiicn, mayboandastonover dy sand, which pat alos betwen, fount to 2 foot tiskshouldon tietostop.doubtTn ofall thelore soundness storingthem,cbservethore frat. JazeGuarof In‘ruttienutfrombe soon frost viedthose that ofthe lis open.” after uneesliog.

pare pit-sand, which bas been thoroughly dried, "Tho jars aro butKeptsecure in a from dry, ary fs potsitle, frosts situation, A label ason cool the wanted when and fruit, of kind the indicates {fonSeris thetakenshelvesfrom of tethe jarfrat-roem, and placed for some time Tn this way Colmarts, and ther fine Fronch ‘pears mayand bomany preserved tilof Aprils thetill Terling till Sono; tiada apples July, the kin remaining. ‘To preseree Apples and Pears,

Itampers, tome soft paper in the bottoms and round putting the edges of the basket, etey tolayer eop te‘tft,frat ondFromoverBoingthat bruised; then putin another layer ot paper abd 5Uitteen, basket layer orof hamper fait andbe ofull.paperCoveralternately, thoexclutetap ‘with paper theo or four tnbes thick to IheToreatait and fort ag mitch es possible. very aie tort ofbo fruit shouldbe placedto each separately find i t will proper ta 8x m label fr hamper, with tho name of tho frat that basket it cone

Sepik otatiea bsty teem, Spe Mo keep Apples and Pears for Marke Another Shed ‘Those whoof keep their fruit ia storehouses for hss pps ond pena or peeved in ined the supply the London other fruitoous, sackets, as jars, provided with covers, Th tho bottom of the ‘wall at thoee eho have notandproper jars, and betweon ench two layers of fait, put some inay keep their applor and. pears in baskets of

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 tina, and the time of ite being St for use. Another Way. Another way of keoping fruit is to pack it in or applesthon roust Jars. Tho carthornwrapped glazed ‘be separatoly up in pours soft paper, put iat well-drled bran im the bottom of the jun, fod over tho brana layer of fruit; then ttle ‘more bran to fl up tho interstices between the fruit, und toaltoroatey, eover It; andtill #0the 00,jar a bolayerfull: of fruit and ‘bran thea Shake i gontly, which will make the fruit and bran sink’a tle; All up the vacanoy at top with atheplecotop ofor Bladder the air; then cover ofto theoxelude Jar, observing that patit fitson fas closely a8 possible, ‘Thess jars shouldBe key? {mneather. a room where theroean bow fire in wet or damp them, The fruit ever after 7. "It should novor bo laid in Iheapa at all; but if gathered should bo immediataly quito earioldryto when the frait-ro0ns, fand bo laid, if notfinerslogly, feuite atareleastplacedthin on on ussthe shelves, If'the thing eto than lean hs shout wn Ri aper. Brown pa er gives them the Davor of ish.” ‘Tho faolargur findsof peare should nok 87

bo allewed even to touch one ancther, but should beordinary ladquite and all pears singlo ahouldandbolalddistinct. thin; Appley, never erabore ior. "Free ait should bo aduftted to tho frat ooinery day alwaysandin_good in damp weather, weatherfora soveral fro shouldhoursbs opt in ie Bo careful at al times to exoludi ‘when very mellow.ult, aud oscasionully to tara it To preserce Fruit or Flocert, Mix one pound of nitee with two pounds of axl somoniaeIn deyand weather three pounds of ofleansoy eort commonnot ‘tnd. le fruit fully to remain, put ‘thoi ripe, one byallowing one intothean stalks open glass till endis quite fall; cover the glace with ciled cloth, closely tied down} glass threo or four inches ‘arth inaput drythe cellar, and surround it on allintosidestho to tho depth of three or four inches, with th shove will preserve the fruit quitemixture, frah oll‘Thisthe method year round. To preseree Wala Walnuts for keeping should be autered to drop of themsalees, and afterwards ted fn an upon aley lace till thoroughly dried; then puck theo i jae, or eas,in thewithsun,fine in clean sand orthatbefore has ‘been boxes well dried an oven, ‘ho iz, in layers of sand and walnate alternately 5 oy but nut whore ite toe usel; tea this ‘wil make‘or cht them hours plutp bofure and fo,they andare eause to peel exily. Tu preveree Cheatente ant Filberta ‘The chestnnt to be treated walnut afte he ks israne, which like fn tetheestat opens of itself. Chestouis ani walnute say be preserve whulo winter hy covering. {hein with during earth, a8thecollagere do putatves, ‘Fillerts may always be gathered hy hand, and should afterwards bo treated as tho walnut, Nuts Intended for keeping should be puckol in jars ut boxes of dry san

{Po presrse Medtare and Quine The pia i ot inthe gon beginning rte af November, ie, TE nerally gathered nd{tematuraion. pacol botwoonOthers two layers of trawin ato box forward put sedlars onwell8 Aheesnch layer of fresh bra, moistened WTrtneen ith soft twarn waterscover then with etew a layer twa of atrow heta, und fruit ince

1622

MACKENZIE'S {isk moisten slo,aferbut thisnot vooperation wet as bofthey int enveloped in fine paper and packed in mest. n'aWemockwhich or ten days ‘The simplest mode for short distances is to wrep ft for uo. ‘each bunch in fing, sof paper, and lay them on & ‘Quinces aro gathered bed of moss in a broad, fat basket with & proper jn November, when they sce‘Tewgeal fm “Aer ened th a ap fr they are at to some bo wipeddistancedry andfrom placaeach Cherries and plums may be packed in tain layfn‘therthodays,fuiteblf, 2, with paper and inoas between each, sehen ns {To pack Fruit for Carriage 3 wrapped separately in hevineforor plums other may lear sch Xr greatfrit care bo should sont yy contra diit fine paper, ant packod in abundance of eotton, fax, ne moss, oF dried short tance, bo taken i n packing grass. Moss iv apt ‘Penoaid not be donein baskets ax they are ists 88 mg heweyiret. luggage, aad tho fralt 40 communicate its Qavor to fine dried fruits,andand tweet s0 Se Horsjth, therefore, short geass, if not thoroughly i of strong dea of ier: ie. “Cotton best preserves the bloom on peaches fitasked.”sees, aecording to tho quantity of fait to bo and The flowing aretobethe dhaenaions ofconchha plums, ‘To preseree Grapes, ceria which fruit sed sont by the toyaWinkor and Weymouth, for tho use of tho it ‘Where thoro aro soreral bunches in one branch, fil may bo about six Inchet in ‘Bho l a r g e r box ts two fest long, fourteen length or moreout ofofftheleaving woot, according tothe disches broad between the bunches, and alitle on the outfo loa, depth, ne thofot tallerbro beend ‘tnco i'n sanofnandia thodepth. ne came echoThosoboxesarosmade sido of tho fruit at each end; seal both ends of inch 5: in'a coitmon bottle taking wax, thencare hang deal, oud wall secured with three iron lamp dey room, to elipthemoat acrossithe pale ‘ash corner; end,theyby have tvo sal iron bane of srsiors any of the berries that begin to deoay ‘no atcach whioh thoy are fastened the ‘or booome mouldy, which, If left, would taint tho {oat

of tho coach. pears, Tn esoposebes, boxesneetarines ar vent soem, ‘herros,eurrants plums fnd grapes; they aro Bret wrapped in po fae, sudfrat then in payee. ‘ThoGn chersies sad eaerante aro packed fn's fat box ove fot four inchea og packing, inh proceed road adtha:oneFiestdepputa layer of fin, long,a lajerdryof tosscunranta in thoor bottom of then th finanother boxy thon eherees layer’ of ines, sadn ltornately frat and

toes i until the box isso full that when the Tid ary pack grass, in well nixed, in th bottom of the deal box; melons with some of the same, tight ia betweenthe all the rows, and also between tho imelons in the Method of Preserving Graper. faine row, til the layer ia fuished, choosing the ‘TakeFrench a ask oF barrel inaccessible to tho ext fruit na) nearly of so e2 possible, Bling up very intersti with the toss and geass. When nal aie, and put into ft layer of bran def in on vell'deod. and ef” sifted. Upon the melons are packed, puta thin layer of mse fan of bunehes grapes, well grass over thou, upon which place tho t Tse With tho etrrante packing i Grtaly all round leaned, and gathered in the afternoen of b dry ‘with noes to prevent ft frou shaking; then put a with day, alternte beforo theylayers are perfonty ipa,” roceed thus of bran Thin Iyer of moss over the box and pack. the aod. tll the jpeatsfraly (hat so ay not to brug theul) on that Taree is tll,tang care that the grapes r a p e s Wo be notof Taser inthe same manner 8 tho melons, and touch each other, and to et the lat l a y e r ‘on with the peaches, nectarines, plains, and lastly bran; then close to barrel, 40 that tho aie may ti grapas diag up Uhe Vox with aos that the sot abl to pendrin, which ta een lidtion thay st down so tight as to prevent any free int. Grapes thos packed wil keep nine or even uinong the fruit, locks and two keys, whioh‘Theinay boxes terve shuld for then have al, Enero nets, eutmonths, the end foof Fasere the stalethea of eachtheeBunchfrenof

cach of the &persona, who mowspack andand grave unpackshouldthe Trait having key. Tho flways bo roturned in the boxes, whieh, with lito shakenaddition, up aad will well serve sired theafterwhole each sesson, journey, being and Keeping itsweet and lesa. After the wooden bux ie che it Semlyeaccording to tho sbove diI fraitcordbe packed rections, or it wagens may bowithsontperfect to greatsufety.distances by ‘ouchies Other Methods of Packing Fruit, Brahh most delat sortsar sent fom pala and Italy'to Bngland, packed in jars with snvlust from woods not resinous or otherise il tasted.” One large branch of grapes is suspended from a twig or pin lald asrots the mouth of the Jnr, t0 that it either the bottom or s1deay enw-dustmayor notran touch is then atrewed io,to and ‘when fall tho jay is well shaken to cause it eet Uo; snore is then added till it fs quite full, when the supporting tvigis taken away, un the earthen ‘over closely Bitted and sealed, gence ally withof thefine jarstucco. In the same grapes may be setoat fromthe metho romotest part ofwayScotland or Treland tropolis. "When the distance is Teas they inay bo

rape of grapes white grapes into Wine aodandthatpot of that bluse ino todor wing, at Towore are put into water to rovivo to Keop ‘ho roc To pack Young Treee for Exportat ‘Tho long, white of the foranershes, phag‘qum palustte, nay moss be applied thie purpose, Equeoto ono part of the moisture from the moss, sui lay courses of ieabout three inches thiely

whole be trodden down and the lid properly thesecured, ‘The will want no caro even during avoyage of tentreesor twelve months, being retentive of moisture, and agentiugthe mace to owets an anti ‘eptic. property which provents fermenta Dutrofastion..Vogotation will proceed duri the Hime the trocs remain inclved, eHoote arising both Bow to dey Sieet Corn,

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

1623 should be well pruned house foDo thenotwinter kept water roses 40 as to make At thatin time, the aol sodden ground the roots, A Tittle broken tcharoval about thei wil aid tho brillianey of thle Down of the China, Tea, and BourRoses are chiefly OF tho first these ave much ad bon vatities mired Ageippina (crimson), Bel's Blush (a great bloower), Comm Dally, White Daily, Mrulam Lowe Philippa Sanguinen Bosanquct, Hardy (nearly white) aad Bayene forinvon), (uri eriuneon), Bogen Beaubarnoss ( “fou Roses are more delicate, The following

MACKENZIE'S

arth thou in the apsing, ‘Thothe aprn {hePrunethoround for (rasplanting thems” Ta tomer amay weak seus; in the fall cover Chota Sih cnr ure regan elo with Sedar or pine tought. ‘ C h o y say be propagated Bytie summer vision of the fotia ently tn Tho the spring or afterase blown oven. lowing. ‘hoioe Mads:Formorut), Lily of Phtox the Valley, Larkspur (Dele phingin. (PulocDrsvanon tye benutifal aoaual, Canterbury Bell, Foxglo Henorealis, Tes or Pag, Everlting, Spe zWille, um (Alyseum, coverel varetion ave very Deaiifl),PeaySeat Tong thshas with»greenbous, large or smal, ho saa4 enjoy good tanagenent in winter ‘rollaasutomer, the fillowings Cumllian,Olean Oronge nd ‘Temon tres, Daphne, Aasles, rca, Fuchsia, Silvia, Tropeclum (commonCactus, naa. (artim in Tropwolam maps), Abutilon, Cella, Caphwa, Achaenia, Maranta, Pitsporen, Sasinnes white and yellow, very sweet), Caloeos lavia, Chinese Prinrote, Lavrestings, Wes-plant, Bogsaie, Chrysanthomsae (good Uatboan garden Doi toa'in tulumg)-and the vagons pant ‘ately, OxalsyHyaohiths Tulips (grown ben Tully a beds) Croeuses, andthe Snowdrop Gladius Jong,a Nar~ lasts. Tho Tulberoso, Yerslly admired Th later ie gaining recently specially in favor.may beThereboughtare fortwenty oFor Uity ‘rarities, which thive fst fellas & dozen. Whom grown. from reed they ‘oom th third’ year, Brenebleyeasis, Finest variesCount of Gladde lar aro, Penelape, Moray, Vesta, Calypso. Thovgh not hero exactlyaad fn stall plao, wons mayboastful name inthe bed. Tn May transplanting, settng of the pertiniles larger bulbs, or bedding plants and towing steds may be Goraniume, in leaffengeand of flower, fortheandborder of &thobedmostorabout Aone. garden; Ivy aa pers ‘Weeding oan bo best done by hand, early i the ‘Theso require a strong loam for s o l ; the top of ly beautiulutvines fora wall: ‘The Pare morning; letting tho sun Mill the weeds that are f pasture will doy with a Httle sand and charcoal or elsewhere,nel intruebaskets polled op. SGtrnninnn require a good deat of light and ui, nota ity, however, "Never water, unleat the soil evidently requires st should aot be crowed. They bloon in spring it Clayey aos eeldom need it; Toogo and sandy fn summer ot olten Bowering in winter even Anna pote. orsesioe or scarlet geraniuan iv very pop niore always without a watering-pot, are ether hardy The next for ote, (0often, apriakleUsogently, pouring or with dash lar co are the rose oa, and nutmeg goraniuns ‘These mor maybeor earlysown in inspring. tho oFfallhal-hardy. to toon the Ing. Rain-water is the best; it nay bo culleted ‘Thay all boar proning very well_Largo-fowered mmr, lator are “These owa in's hogeead from a roof-spout. Very eold water foroniuis (polrgonitms) are boset by tho grean Sirly in’ springfo bloom da tho‘Tho numer. ‘Once i n a week oF two in warm weather they thould never bo uted for lomers; belige too warm to also ether for the bot-bed. only, of for the {han too cold, ‘oul be amoked, to got ri of the Sie, and sy- Sgarden. ‘Manyeperte plants whichlst,aronyannual in pethe Bhade-trees spoil a garden, but it should be ‘agol overy day or two. Sten a oa Basome protected from w strong wind. Verbenas Shrubbery. ‘Those repay care well: having variety of eoto,Ik BARE‘Daberous annuals, Kept through the winter to ‘To plant shrubs, dig for cash a hot tw or three Uuooming fen, and boing easly cultivated eat ago, ate the Houro oe Beat foot in diameter; A i l with rich loam; 44 tho shea easy f o . raieo now varieies fom tecde All ‘ram in theor midlo, andit attroul i ne If& torr bt hue ad's han yellow havo bees "Tho following must bo sown where they are to Xflowerpot E Groop, teesyringe eprinko ight, or set Produced. hoy sre oftensouldravedbe trom eattngs romain AnnualPea, Larkspur, Poppy, igenin pots, neat the rect and fll ie with water to ‘Tho wil forverbonas ubout tir parts ‘pio, Sweet “Thay may be tarted fou‘Pruno down.shrubs only to avoid too great iregular- toai, two Tea mould, andbe taken tle from sand ollCatlings ower. fof young shoots may plants “Te sowing annuals Tetverytho shallow depth befor acordin ity "orthoof shape of to remove dead pat tarlyin Becoary. After rooting fora Sow wea tothe sizeof the seed; tho smalup. winter, tendor plate requir to bo ted in'sandy ona, they may bo potted; bedded out Kinds,"hin ‘out the weakest an they como up in cedar boughs or enstraw, in Nuvetsbee. The tthoa wana Youweathot ote ahd repotted inchee Sep “August of April wil do to sow tho hardy had of'in-April Wnter, may take ‘euttinge frm ihe{ail oginninge ofoldMayale.for tho other sorte Ta the Favonto shrubs r e : the flowing: the Tune Plaote in Auguat, root thom for two mek, then pul wp the lowering Alien Lie Pot, and repot them when the roote toueh the Besides those mased shore, desirable annual Acscin, Tree Flowering Siberia Berry,Laburnuan ines, pa, Alte, vee Pacnies, Fide ofwitthe anyyot. plant ‘Tha i by the way, proper a Maguoliaa, Arson, Hriage ‘Tes, Tarta: ‘vole 90 ent Honeysuckle, Spinwas, Syringe, Pjeis Sapo. seedYVentnnas aro ative to dey, billy grovnd, and a r e , Avtors, Coreopsis, Sweet Alyssum, eeholtbat moderate watering. ‘Favorites ar, Gant a, Giiabers, CranberrywhlchTree.are both hardy and ornaments, ‘st attss, Sit Porualecse (a ine Uoomer ina good Genorl Sasso,Cox Genna Indice, Zion, and Cypress Vine. place), Dundas; Adeirat ‘The azo tho Trampet-ower (Bignonia andradioane) Vi Keatial, Detunee, Lord Raglan, Glory of America, Tat should havo a light frame fori to climb on Honey the climbing Glycene, Cleats, inthe above‘Theyoulean and tiger liesbeen havo, Tiles Heiotrope the and ato.y Evergreen, Gara, es,“Greeper, of gandomaoltre, ovetlookol. ss th Baltimore Balle, Quoon of tho Prarie, ‘This gives a delightful fragranco, and is not ‘nly board as having grt heauty and variety. are going out of iafashion; theyproportion to cultivate, TEbe mayropoted be managed jas allowed a the Dabliee ntal when Ihard orname fragrant, and ot superior boauty in ighly Verbena, bat should often, and they thrive. 80 is the Kalmia, or common laurel; {o grow lango, being trimtued for shape on. to thoartfeil pales formerly then. i uso a snd the evergreen Ledum, hating,takenth witheructares ‘bet Se galled the lemon verbuna ie another tho‘BorStove, the temperature iythe from 70° to swett 320° Fahe, where grownbe keptfor inthea calat ehruly plant, a ishaleherdy Roses Hot-house moisture; Scent’of leaves,” Ie ehould copious with ‘Theto roquiro a ich, well-mixed sol, in pots oF til winter and planted out in tho spring. ‘ong a sore ofcominon nameat forfromtho 40°rarto 70% Grooh-hoato, glass, kept (OfmanyLsnnalof great ad perennial Rowertg plantsof whish thera forcare ani’ reating of plants; and the Co aro beauty forthe garden, ‘awauchthe garden, Loam, or loaf mould, with half as sane, end fitlo fine sand, will do the sro have ao fiom to give voore than the nawee Yatoryy weed. more fo thei digpay whom ia por. beat, Hoses which require to bo taken up and They mequice Me care beyond Hoowsning tho Teotion, “A'Pit lt an excavation of six oF ight

com isfullyin good for enting,of bolle quantity grow,sondition grainethe being the‘When fare just enough took the sare, ead then lot {hom dry'sfow hour, and then sboll or cut of tll dried,of som pio in i thsto alla theThe bestgraing wayand to dryspreadthothom orn ‘lath of very open textaro om a fram, walsh fro fost wide and five Tong, will bane. Ifthe Gorn Se apread tial size to t nlon without sour-metdry quik cloth this ‘pon with «mosquito ing. Te should beTe wilcovered to keep off the fee. Ansther perton gies ling the following dlrestons for drying west dora and ft frovetho ortable, tho eorn ‘Av woon thoan ear ose huskguilty in an i open ipread dying place. When the grains lueson abl tho or shell toa drysoonintheay Joutun, samy ftrn, or en. thonpaperspeeadia Bouthera States. OF th ‘pon cloth ‘waren oven; sir ften, that i may dry guiaklyy ae Dijon, Souvenit de fa Malwnaizon, Iermos, undriod fand Dual Jovepls; though there aro iaeny other Tt aorterresi ind oroot and retainsthons wholo,inamec by itsnotbeingoverheat, 40 natural favor by drying fastr. When whl fine Kinds. Pinks, dried exposo ito the w i n d by tarning i t slowly but and picotoos are most admired, from dich to dish; the wind Mlows pal the rou theCarnations and prety very is p i n k Indian eriseoa double loom white ohad. fetsly rated. The pinksdo best in a silof threo Flower Gardening. ad sind Autumn fe the bett time to manure a flower Peatarts onoloamypartyote withpantw cowHie manure, paste, old garden. donenot onceat nal .your,Lay andou four bet- Pinks do aut boar woistare.or ‘They a greatInyersdeal orofpiping fer in springTe should (April) bethan from frou ther roieed tre Inches deep of well-rotted manuroy and dig it in and of! edt shouts superdous aro Pipings st onse. During the summer tho earth will need fod.” The motetsand. by sounded Compost in Jolted how and then to be stirred with a loo or rake; reds any bo sown in epein , potsBatesoF sar but iu May it should always bo thoroughly dug pans, or Ta open belt. Tn the a Northern cover with aspade, avoiding of eourse tho plants {iat piling forte water ary ae Oe

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

‘et withgluse roof, This is ‘eryGa indepth, ae,allandcovord not costly. sal accomplished all that can bo dono ta a agqecnchotse maybe inWalton a petlor ot Sbamber, with x Ward Case or & Case, Bee HangotneesDuke aod the guaran aro ao delight enjoyment fo tbare Whe te, ‘ire skill In hoir ofmanagement, Tuc Red spder ied bygadwater; exeingi wilngdee te potnof t. Sfely bug sea ave te besearched Tor andwithdestroyed by may hand;eee.but spooging, cape:ty sialy soapevadey The glen Shea gotbnorel aitof by smoking” Put the att binders ia swbichor smoking tobacco tobacco Js burning;aaderor ion’ tonaco-eave tho plant inte place,

Suit for Winow Gardening, Loam, oF camimon garden earth, brown or black, got from old pastures, left to crumbles peat, of ‘Slack from damp woods or meadome; leat auld, earth the top oll of old woods; manure, well Potted by timo, agin an old hot-bod; end common

or ser sa wil iedo for fromallslyplantathanFora ioe broperions potinge Fool authority (G8 Rand) Parlor and. Gardes) ‘Focoummencla two paris Teat-mould, one part may

1624

thro downthe al pathssc of tne andnth exteacons at {ers on alleys, a view to Dio thom up, oF tweop or rake W o t together lars trans; felis better to orcareysubavied, a basketin orehotherto {tens either common Hold one exteoncou part the plants to.otebo’ plauted, fa nother the matters, 3 Complete overy pare of am operation aa you oer ey TaFinishleavingone job before beginning another. af working at any Jol, leave tho vor“inandleaving tools inof anworkorderly manner. forthetho tools day, make tw to the a tool carry and flay porary” Toure 7 fa passing or on any ccatony through to thyend partfromof thewhatwork, i considered keopoF aanyVigllant tho gardener, of decayed the forctange Aitoe Tooke out wend, Touves, Aeformity, and remove then. atthe same athor tineue orop,romove In gathering 2. mts of ig e l i e whatever or stoma leaves thefarther ts, oF may appear slovenly, doceying, of sfensve erbaccous vegetables no onoxoptheofitor st “io asto s p o t . He FE."Gat down the doweratalls on ell plants

‘This is to bo acquired in part by practice, and partly also by relestion. For examploy in” dig‘ging over a pose ofto throw ground ibei is » common pea ticewith elovens waa an ins ‘onwalk,the with dug dheground, or on oftho gathering adjoining them alley of intention Attsrrards. A bellor way which i te have a hea bar row or a large basta to put the meeds fod extraneousSomo.peraon, matory av thoyin planting ar pickedoF gutweedof {hoing, ground.” whether in the open air, or in. hot-aoues,

1, Koop overs part of what is under your care in itsin ts porfest autumn to walls and "Altend buildings, and spring got themandrepaired, jointed, glazed, ‘and painted where wanted, Attond at all tmes to ‘ackines, implements, and tools, Keeping them Sco particu losn, sharp, and im perfect in repair. proper eitualarly that they are placed House thelr tions in tho taol-houee, ute, boteveryin iupleiwent, and ‘itnsll, of machine not fn it edings, winter sine rvs, prace Suomen. Allow no Blanks and even, where egings drills, bs, places, ie specimens, Keep in broadcast sown’ leuble, fand edges cut to the utmost nicely. Keep the with Wood sceordfhapos of the wall tres filed their training be ia tho et and kind, thelr to ing fire style of perfection. Keep all walks in per fact form, whother raised oF at, fre from weeds, ‘ey, and’ well in rolled, Keop ofall & close the lawns, textura,by power, your sn yolvot appearance. Keep water wotds, and theTet brimnot’ in pouls, fleur and fre fromrivers, wine roe to artifial or ick fates, very far under it in sumer. tes, nor

ough. This is hard work if'dono well. ‘Then ‘over the dough ond leave it for an eur, Tn old weather both sponge and dough must be placel'on soya0 room not {oo cold, oFtheit kitchen will not hearth, riso well,or in Beture the last ater is put in two tablespoonstal of salt must be

the samo to tho lid; this prevents waste,” When the butter is eoige tho battor-mili bo poured off and. spring water put into theiy to clugo, and formed for two or three minutes; this to be then Houred away and fresh adited, agata the ban fle turned for a minute or eo, andShou thers be

pure, ono-half patt loam, one-half part peat, and fn part sand. Potted. plants seldom need manure. Liga ‘manure or guano should, if used for them, be di uted and not often applied.

PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS DENERS, FOR GAR. 1, Perform every operation inthe proper sea 2, Perform every operation in the proper man-

MACKENZIE'S ‘the lst milkiness when thie is poured frum the ‘hur, moro must bo put in. placedthenon with w board oFerat rarblo ‘The butter slab andis then seltodto tobe tasto; lath, wrung fmoisture from outit. inWhenspringdry water, uad fir prostwakeall itpthe {nto with fat inboards. he wbuleof ahprocess sould rollsbo eowpleted three-quarters hese, “not wether pains aust be talen to keep the fren renching If thein dairy bofromnot cos! envugh,too keephigh thoa beat. ereum-pot ‘he oldest water you exh got; make the butter curly in the morning, aud place cold ator in the shun"Tho fora it aod cows while shouldbotore bo nilked near the dairy; ear ying tho will fur prevents Ste tsing well, Ta Fuuiber churn twice a week. Wash tho churn ‘val each tine with soap or wood-ashes,, To eure Hama. For cach bam of twelve pounds weight: Two ponds of cotumion salt; 2 ounces of ealtpetro; 2 sugar. coarse of pound 4 wll; bay of ound ‘This should be’ reduced tw the finest joreder, Rub hands arePhennut often Uoheavy’hauas well euch with to do i; thivfetgule thoroughly. a wingglasstal fn a deep ‘Turnpan,thoandhamsald every ffPacogoodthewviuogar. day’j {or thers three or four days rub thei wall with overtho Dring; after that tine it will eufico to ladieit the meat with awoodea or ron spoon. ‘They should romain three them weeks well,in theput them piekle.fa bags Whenof Brown taken from it wipe an then suuko them with wood smoke fur paper Atos weeks, 70 MANAGE A DAIRY. Directions to the Curo-Feeder. Go to the cow-stall at six clock in the ‘morning, ani summer give ench cow halt ‘bushel ofwinter the mangel-wartae, earrot, turnips, fr potatoes, euty at seven o'eloc, the ‘hour th ‘duirj-maid comes to mill thew, give eash some

hoy, lt themhay,feed veil they areallwilked,the wilHf ny cowandch refuses her something a gras,af Sarzue, etsy during the Use rilking, {ie absolutly nessasry the Sow should feed whist miiking. Ay toon ay the ‘roman Goished in theandmorning, turnbe lhoPlenty"comaefhaafatofresh the war airing milking ground, tet there iethreethegallons troughs;of tsa. mix aine elock give cach cow tataro? branto orelgbtpollard; gatons whenof graftthey addhave foureatengallons that Dutprot tome thre bay into ho ribs; at twelve oslo glo of tho mya bets Ii Gay cow loka f o r more gal RURAL and DOMESTIC ECONOMY. Tony en th contrary if she givewl hernot another eat what ou agave er, tako otk of the manger for never lo «oo havo thomoremangers than shoelm,wil eat tpriokled over tho our, Sometimes the four will tptonecleus.tine Mind Fi aeWasa ct biorb and keep smother pint of water that they do not get sour. At ‘After two o'clock the dough geese hay risen i should be nado quickly into Wouves; if muck handled then the cow hall's bushel of carota of turnipes lou the turnips,cots ete,as over well before giving’ thom to Brea he heavy. Ye will requley wo our and the’ 8 half'toWil bake, one and rottensotarmkelywil give o bad if inade into fuurspound loaves, ‘The taste oven to t h o should mile, bo well heated beiora epell thea whole the dough wp Ary el pssm of butter.” At four tr ge a Jaintoput into ol put it” ‘To tey sowssa its heat, throw a little four into the it; HF it brown direct i will do. stall to be milked feed thei on hay a mllking-tine athe morning, keepiog,feed onin Ty make Buter. tind that the cow whit saiking’ mut et the efcnm be at the temperature of 55° to something, At ax O'lock give tach cow tree 60%; by a Fahrenheit thermouster; thie is very Ealloos of the mixture ax before. ‘Rack thei a Simportant. IF the weather be etd put. Leightfedoclock. Twice n'aof week put into‘Gortec ot Water into tho churn for balf an hour boiliag before ows at noon maleduat, {you want fo uso it; when that ie poured uf sr iil feod (ofl froma quart grinding four frum wheat) inthe eream theough a butter clath. When the Still bets. One-half peck cor, hopped or Title nor ‘utter is coming, which is easily ascertained by tilled tise da, xed of with straw quarts of water of the eam temps ‘the sound take off the lid, and with ammall, at ‘ori, wet and mathed, board serapo down the sides of the ebura, and do nd well iead the whole mass into Directions tothe Dairy-Mait, Go to the cow-stall at 7 o'look; take with you cold a sponge, and. wash each cow's {ier water’ clean and bofore miliing; dowse the udder well with cold water, winter and summer, find repels heats, Keep your hans ax andit Lraces ars

1625 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 lean, Milk each cow asyoudrymillas youeachcan,coormorning cheap barley-aeal artslos for 4dfattening areboiledostineal ‘und evening, and when as you aniChertrescloj will oats fuppoce dry, login agatn with the cow you fst snd gromnd wal ruilked and drip them each, for the principal rea ‘Coin elu Using given to fowls should always onfenceof cows is from negli-at too orused snd soaked iu water. ‘The foud will in uot falling milking inthothelroow mille dry, particularly ge furtey, and itil tohelplay digestion, He tho timo tho calf is taken from the cow. Sufer thus whole the ding own been have thas fel no one to milk the cow but yourself, aud have no Of tho winter onthe, gossiping in tho stall. Evary Saturday night give ‘Turkeys ovo very tender while young, fter{nun extct account of the qusntity each cow has ‘wards quite hazy Put thom ia Wilh large ews,and open nd reid. wall he tay they ops; given in the wesk, Fae en se When hushed se patra ‘To make Oate prove Doubly Nutritious to Horse. UT black pepper down their throuts usa sort of Instead of grinding the oats, break thent in a oral, he best food for duces when batched mill, and the‘Anothereaine quantity nu "bres and ale w fow daa barley-meel, method istowill blprovethedoubly corm snd vwticd Suto balls big ab pens. w h i in liquor the Horses the give {To choose a Mitch Cos fotted; the esute will bo, tbat cls‘be ina crude state,three bushels vo preparedwi ‘Asto-a choice breeds for probubly. « private combine fasily, found to answer, and to keep the auiwaly in nono (eays Mr, ofLawrence) superior vigor and condition, dan cows,of the Bulfole osquantity EoTreyuonyexoel“advantages both in and quality Cheap Method of Rearing Horned Cute, IDilE; they food well alter poled they orBecomehoreless;barrensthe After Baving expresed the ol from the Tineeot, sai stallsiaed, are thoy ‘male up the remaining husks or dross into round {ed a"great convenience, ‘Tho horas of cows Tall of sndth diesolve sizeof @ two Ge, and afterwards imedistaly be polled should uthry and gore bet {Infuse or threo of thesedryballstheni ‘hich Toad tipped: ‘hore f u 8 reed of hot water, and aid ia the beginning © thicd or Shiro or Molderaeds sows, some of thei of York fourth part of fresh milk, but afterwards, whew Aling sine, gre millet, and well adapted toid= the fines where proa gaestfr noquantity of aie is the calves infusion.are gcown, nix only skin ilk with {sof ured, and wher ojest and food in To rear Calves. Plenty.fousIf richer tllebo desire and w comparison of the breeds ‘The best method of rearing calves is to take {wo one of eachandthe snay nanly, the Tnet nentioned them from the cows in three weeks orn month, and beaiherseletod, midlandfar nocounty, orthatlongehoraed spergvod torgive them nothing but a litte Bne bay until tice ofColorthe ins oes sete 9 92 | Gow nor a goodianhorseornamental ean ether yi bo uf theabadahvetod tors they begin through meoessity to pick a eto; then feverthelty, fut soue of the hay and mix it with bran er oats thd pled stock of tho Workshitesbort-horas snake Ihof a trough, and slice soma turnips abuut the tie a pistoresque gure in the growade, a dollar, which they will iy lisking cows yin to eat; after which give themsoonturnips enougt.leurn fool"ThethanAlderney larger stock, butane richsshdoamile largeupon wileless

o rear Calves without 3th, two orfromthreethedayscore,afterpat they ta Incalves them arinacalved housetakeby Giemsolves then a kindarly of waterantiwar gru sompoucd ofthenaboutgive onethied hinds of oate ground together very fine then cit {he iistare very oementionedy Hove, putandints the quantity ofthrough water a below oll half en hour, when take i ofthe fire and let emain til it it milkeworm; then give each eatit ‘bout quar in tho morning, and te sate Guat tity in olen. tho ovoning, and increase i¢ as tho calf ‘ows lite trouble fave them driaTe iguiree ity after very tho calves have hadto {is te up litle bundledie ofabout hay a andweek putor ittenin days, the middie of the Touse, which they will by degrees come to also pu a ltl of tho meat abovermentionel est} in & ‘taall trough for thein to eat oceasonally; Keep {hem in this manner untit they are of proper age to turn out to grass, before which they aust beat Teast tee monde old. Another Method, Make an infusion of malt, or fresh wort as a substitte for milly in summer fe may be given fofamehe dogreo calves ofcold,warmth tin aawater tho wile jost Bave sumingthe from the cow; tho quantity isthe eat os Uo mie omuionly given at oncfo 8 cal and_ to ba fsreased la proportion a8 the calf grows. To Fation Poultry. ‘An experiment has been triod of fooding geese with Tes intaroips slg, andsut in.put suallTato picses '« troughTike ofdiceywatersbut swith was thpounds, at alx geese, ach this when food Tean alone weighing the effet only pine acta” ly. gsined twenty pounds each ia about three ‘wetke fattening. nsforniedite ae prferredandfortherapid fattening; sui uf coonouy, unk {eve the grains should bo bled afresh.

MACKENZIE'S

proved, putor them under a henit that hasft getngKeptbeing the est three f o u r days; aud you or threo hens on the eae day you will fnve the advantage of shilling the good eggs ‘TheungbensPheasants having asaut aethelralready fall Une, each putin of ho8 batched ‘ake, with m pieceThe of‘roodfennel,now tlcometho puthenunderhae dione batching. ‘frame withcannoteuotgetovertothe fy andyoungapacepheasant, far theybut {hath that theyegg entmay wnat, go ther; aud feed read, them alain Wi Belted bolted sila urd) of sichthey sort, and.nequainied often. After {yohelo or tile Uhrethe days will bo wih em hae unc thay have thetr Hery to runto sifton thethen graseptt, oF ele. ‘whore, observing with the aun ‘snd ‘ut{bertof Sntho checod morning winds; titheytheneedsun oti up,haeand thaie ‘uuet be shut up mith the hen in good tne ia thoytho evening. You must bo very carefal in order to tard ageinst the distemper to which they are able, tho eboice of a situation Yorbreeding the Birds in'up, whero no poultry, pheasants, or winkeye, ia, have ever been tvoh ae the warm side ‘of & field, orchard, orkept, plesaure-grou or garen, tr even on a comnon, oF a good ns,gre n Tone, under ‘Grounstances of thi

zo phensants, ete bave been Kept, and therept fr, and season. are particularly seanty of protace in theoF tho! Winter They ara, beees, worth litle bieds in as they begin to shift eit tails.” young Sueh of them at are intonled to be turned Tothiog as barronery not only on agavunt of thet toa Dut at a future ti, oF in anather plnoe, pat into io, butquality their Pape tno pen netted over and leave theit wings as they Ue ordndsy of dois bestto take on fat und bre, tn thoso wanted for breeding’ pat. in. the {To determine the Eeonony of « Con, other pen, cutting one wing of each bird.” The ‘The annual consumption of food. yer cow, i gold aad silver pheasants pen eather, or they will turned tosummer, graze, andfrofromone asereton to onamareton anand 4a fo off Cat the wing often, and when first penned ‘atin {ood all tho young bindswith barey-aeal, dough, Lait of hay in the winter, A cow way be allowed corn, plenty of geen turnips, nnd alum Curd, to {wo peck of enrrota per d a y . "The geset being ‘Dako which tako new aul ny much as the young ut‘Tho andsonalcarved will Goooiae i full one-third Dirds require, and boil with a lump of alam, 80 produst of a govd fui dley cow da: fs not to make the curd hard and tough, but eu ing eoveral toathy after calving, and ther fa tarde Suter or will winter,be anidly fed anof seven kept puuns inthe ateof ‘litle ofthis eurd tice a-day, and ants’ egge {erbutterscason, average after every time they uve bad « Suftciont yun per week, frm five to thee lions of silk ayo the other fed, TE they do not eat beartily, poradajAtterards a weebly average of three give them some ants’ eggs to creute an appetite, Sr{quantity four pounds of butter ftom bara ule the Earby mu moans ia such abundance a8 to be con of mil Te depen onthe eonstttion dere thei food arte dow,het how neary se maygiving begoodmilked tothe ‘Nut more dhan fur hens shouldbe allowed in tins of ealving, seme milk unt tho pens to one cock. Never put more ogge under ‘thin a'wesk or fv. of lint pei, otiess rs hen thin the ean well and cluacly caver, tho Guiring’ to be ried ight or nino eeke previously. logge being feesh and carefully preserved. Short Pave heard (cays Me. Lawvonee) of twenty Hoods tbo joined and shifted to ono hen come pounds of butty tnd even twenty-tve pounds son len pleksante in elose pens, and with plenty Indo from the tlc of une lung-borned cow in of cover, will sometimes tuko’ their nests and oven days, but I buvo never“ been fortunate hatch their own ogg but they sem sueceod in ncugh t obtain one that would produce ote fearing their Uroed, being eo. naturally shy; {ian twelve pounds per week, lttough T L have ‘waenee should thie wtethod be desired, they must hhad'a Yorkshire cow which mixed seven gallons Vo lett entirely to themcelves, as they feel slaran Porthe day, yetnever mate five pounds of baller ia even in Using looked at. Byps for setting a weeks On the average, thre gallons of good generally realy ig Apri Period of incubation nik Wil make ono pound of bute {ihe same in the plieasnat as in tho cotnmnon hen.

To fatten Hogs ‘The Shakhavoers that ground cora is onecthird Vetter thanprovedunground, Dowouls of cooked mool are equal’to and.fifty nineteen pounds Taw. Boiled and slightly fermented. vegetable s fro also very fattening tu ewiue. To breed Pheanants

Phossants, the pea-fowh will clear grounds a nseets andlikereptiles, bat wil spoil all wal-trees hin theitreaab, by pecking off every bud and Toaf cleanliness to be observed, the meat not tobeBicisttainted with dung, and tho water to be pure find often renewed. Weed for grown phewants, Turley of wheat; generally the sate os for other poultry, Ina cold spring, hemp teed, oF other

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 waruing tho breadingseeds,stock.are comfortable, und will forward To manage Young Chickens, hatched toareTeave tobe hertakentusk from the‘Thehen,chickens lost she firstbo tempted wnfinished. ‘They may bo secured in a basket veool or goft hay, and kept ina moderate heaty ufif the weather near the fire.hours, ‘They ‘quiro no foodbe forcold,twenty-four shouldwillit o~be Bececsary to Keep thein so long fam the hen. ‘The whole brood being batched, placo the hon ‘under a coop abroad, npon a dry spot, and, if pose ible, not willwithinmix; reuch o0 tho ‘blokens and ofthe another bens arohen, apt to sinmaim ‘and destroy those which do not belong to them Nur should ‘whiet are likelytheyo berushplaced thems, ‘near. being young” always fowls, eager fr their small neat. frat food should food, bo eplit tall‘Thewheat; all watery soakedgrits,breadafterwards oF potatoes, being improper; eae oF tlll-sercenings (betore iv ground) boiledne hhard, or thecurtiswheatchopped small, willate do.Very Ege auitable first food, ‘Their water should be pure, ad often

ae hen.”thoy aroTheymuch benefited byot iheut foraging of the should ant be toothe early in thonor moraing, whilst thewover wst Hea “pon ground, be sere to range [act fe'4 Another, common cauton and fatal requ cee of dae feteard which fon. themparticularly aguinet ifainy." unfavorable changes oftdae ‘ronther, Neary al the {ised‘Por ofthofowlsperiodaris fom eo mietare. th ebickoss quitting the hea tare is ol general vale; wien ao begin toberyrors AUilervite, fobsienlytheyforward, they wil follow should be when eecurodthey in'a_proper place che ie aries ae tn ato with te cer young poulry, since the angerfe fro‘younger sure tobreeds overrunan devo feta tei food ‘RecessA warn toa barn-gard for worms te goodIs Ponyfor {hens nee fur abelee ia winter lniportant for ebichens. To hatch Chickens én the Egyption Mote, ‘Tho mands oF height ovens but of Lgypt aco ansearoely aoe n i e fet in Uy have extent Inblo,lengthand anyet brwadth which renders thou oink thoycentreare more aobuilding in thei is internal ractore. "The of the avery Sarvow gallery soually about tho wile of thet9 Tost, exending frm ce end of tho building {hoother, the strustar eight offorthe whieh moatis from eight to Sine fet; the part of brick, ‘Tho entrance intothethe whole oven extent i through thoan gallery, Which commande of i fash to {ates tho eoveral e p e r a t i o n s that are necessary oop thehas eggs to thenot proper degreeand of only heat. a8 bigh he oven adage tery wide, fthst theis mamala broad tarohie eammooly door, and nomanymore others fa use than round asTho oot gallery ie acorridors corridor, ior, which with with thihave thie dionly diference ‘rom eowmon one Tow of fom wheat tet of the otal ba Snags tro rows of them om both sides; namely, noGroryon onetheuponground the ovr, ground snd.Boor anothor hus one shore, abores Tho breadth, and length both equ, perfectly Foote af etch row on tho ground ovr, areal equal it lepgth, breadth, and height." in Reaueue atsers, "We kaow of no utherrooue world fo‘Theirlow preadth, aa thes, which boing ifnonlythotreesamefetdirection im thebelgie” with ‘heite length of tho gallery, i four or ive fey they very narrow in proportion to their leg,

1626 Which is twelve or afteen feet. very one of theso rooms has its door or round sporture, ubout w foot und a half in diameter of tho bole being wide pening into the gallery,

MACKENZIE'S

relied,is avand putin a melted state into somethin Tat ae theroakod rashes tafeor.” The Futhes ar DtTakenintooutthoTong grease, eulicen tiy:fromtase onl lana bit of Mark tage Young tre,up against to as notheto wallbe tooby large. Thisof straps bare Wise a ouple Dut round thejtvandrushes. there hangs fur the purpose Ebeli ng ed toKicedhest rho biny, stands to workar mado by, ortoforaout gothe to apurpog bedthe by,tbanathey batare soneoieof hich are high to stand on the gruind ,‘and Tow topartstand’ on table. ‘These nan have ae iron pairof plies to fem bold itetime raoto Une,in,someth andaa iting thebrasrushlike fea tiled orward doma to tho thing that halts bettersoelightnextthty a an small‘Thesedip rues candloygioand a they nolcommon

fora manaro‘Srat (© eeop ranged through.fa theo "All ierome, ogee fphough be babe Four or ‘hese ve thourand eggsovensaro aoputthatintothoeaohwholeof tiem. aa the real ‘life which fb denominated & ebioken oven, fe fn aszoublago ofandmanyover ovens aot together, eke by s i d e , opposite ench otbenthe g areand marredthe ging ct he procaea part {nthe up er Fooms, aftr having dieses been previous fn ‘Forty the lower, thousand ogg are hatched at onco, ex anchoro fity ascount extonds the number to flockseighty ‘Tho gga are epread on mate, cach Toon upen the. ground 800m, ‘where they contract their ofratdaysand general warmth, Turing a eertin number ‘Tho heat of the ait inthe inferior rooms, snd sonsoquontly that woreof thotho ogg, wouldgutter ise foIncean Meare, fre inthe Mustard. ep. They Keop it up only an bovr lein ‘A yard squareTo cultivate of ground, sown with common the crop of which may be ground for f the chick rmustard, ‘use in a Tittle mastard-asll ag wanted, will sare somo money. ‘The mustard look ‘brown ine stead of yellow, but the formerwil color good fstardthe latter and, as to the taste, the isrealas mshas corlainly a much taste than that of tho drugs end flour hich better sometisnes go under ‘hg namo of mustard. Tet any one tey ify wid he will never uso tho latter again, Tho drag, {akon freely, leave w burning pit of the Stomach, which the rel inustordat doesthe not,

{o cure Herrigt,Pitchard, Mackerel, Sprats ee Reservoirs of any sit, vate or eval porfatly watertight should beabout abouttventy-ogbt half fled wihpartsbegof Ide 1y dissolving Solid salt in seventofy-two fresh water. The fb, as fresh as posible, gutted or our quant bo planged ato this Tully-tatarated brine not,in auch nearly nsersed to Bll the forreservoir; and,days,aftertheyromaioing {ito Ave or sx will be Atta be packed usval, with largo’ grained slid folly and exported to tho hottest climates. As Urine I s alwaye weakest a the uper partyin order to keep it of 4 uniform saturation & wooden late ticeswork let Into tho insideframe,Of oftheschreservontee as isto sunkbo susly an Tash 30ef fort pure pote of suspending pon it luuips one or two ‘not elvaya the samo, from Pounds, of larger of flid alt, wbish eftetaally tho occasional diiculty of obtaining a sufieeat Enturates whatever soisture ty exude from the purer tony boatatl at aed {shy aod thus tho rine willbe continued of the etween oftheag,twowhiextremes utmost trength co Tong"thea any pare of the cale of forty and cighty ‘Gonsand to oash oven. ¥ remains undicolvel. ‘The overseer contracts to return, in a living ‘mite of heir belng applied.soliseveralof theCaseylapsof brood, twocthinds Svhonover tho reservoite atrepeatedly ropeniched with ke ef ogg9 toselhisin employer, the ovent—all above ofbingthe hinuinbet ora ind the brin,althou gh nog Dorgulste i adition to hs aalary for tho season, putrefy nor do tho fsb, Sept unrwed)te dove aurtac, Which eighty to tofortyreportcrowns, exclusive become rai . Tis board.is fomAscending the crop of poul-uf ver‘Alprovisi ons are best preserve hy euredy this method, Aryever, thus actfeially raised ia Hgypt wee neons, cecpecaly Lacan, which, when thus below that alto, making. the enormous Ser able to, become rusty as When done’ Uyia theak anaual‘omount of nivety-tvo milion six hundred Usual method of rubbing with fale sud forty thousand Portable eons, ‘To chickens are not sold from tho stove by ‘Tako an iron-bound butt or punchoom and tale, but hy tho bushel or basket full! neout the heals thea at's very sunall ole Eeecllont Subatittefor Candler meadow-rushes, Bottom,of about the sitotub,of shapod « wiae-cork, hopProcure shouts tothe potes wi. suchCut asthemthoywhentie theytho faPocothe fase i'm wooden like a hate attaied ‘her ful substance, but are ai Shura, resting it upon’ two poses of wood, watch vais ithefrominnertoushiag tho pounged bottom. charcoal, Fi he arecn. Srpith withTho mrush, green at akinthis onage,it. comets Cut off ofbotha body ends frefaceto round tab wth bane fffa thoavgrage, rush anmay leave tho pein past, half mbie,long.om nt HLto th tt a cover with convenient bo about afoot anda ‘le, having‘tnalde one or two small hoks, on ‘Thon ako off alt the green skin except for about ‘rhch te hotles aze fo be Bung during tho. opeTatlon, Placa on the lid'a bag of poused char. part pith. of ‘Thus {va plete of ofpiththe allway bueround a tilethe strip skin init Sol, about to fet square, 20d ver all pago ene caver which aust cover tho sad of the iota thart allpiththe way together. up, which is meseesury to Snother str ease ‘The rushes belong thus propared, tho grease ‘When the apparatus thus prepared let it be

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 plaood in a cold cellar, and buried in the earth Bbove four-fifths of dry;its height; but, though anwill not cold, wot ground be must eelar the ‘over, and a undy soll is tho best. ill ° pounded. tab, 'orin nearly ‘pared winter, 40,withwithenow well pressed dows, and {he apparatus will be complete, ‘Wiienover itis Wished to make ioos take of the ‘upper cover, then the sack or bagcontaining of poundedthe tho vessel suspend and fbareoal, Tiguid to'be frozen tothe hooks Inside ofthe toner ‘over; then cloce up the whole as before for half {tu‘provided huur, care when bo thetakenoperation be complete, to excludewillexternal ait.

To produce Ie for Culinary Purpotet i abouts alone bil with bt sig wt leaving pint vacant and pu i two ouneet aforyrele nite? thedownbottleintotue!a doepthea well.be stopped cle and lt After Uince or four hours ie will bo eomplstly fren, ‘uttthethe bottle bottle iesnustbe Droken to down procure0 asthe to fe bo moved up sad Souhtiacs Smevaporation and sometinesvil outBasten of thothowate, tho tensejuent proces Tio beating water atelts the sueequent sation ofabdtho experience has proved that eldhot Treoto more railythua vrater just rn froin 8 sprog,

:

‘minute, and the water remains ‘converted inte foe.

To procure Lee from a Power ‘ude. byof polveriing and drying tho shivery fegaents porplyeieteep, whieh will the ae ownnlargoweigh mate a a Tuefow sIBinuts, ant of iin an spond in s h , wil exhausted reeiver, ecto alt ofof {eo spartrs of spoon of water ina cup porous his reesing {o 4 cheap subatitoe frtioned insilearthenware. more powerful mixtures mas choroid works o char Peate atthe Moss of ehering peat hers they a‘wheal ro hodugbestis,the method when tho Poats ure propedy deity cutsdo of fhe muss & single hor areve ondfost ofin them. Levelneara spot ofdean, groan about disnoter, toa and dive ako uf wood inva tho ground abost Ave fectof Heng; roll toro dey heather or pol (ths ofa Aaa) round the sae, and lay aoe also upon the ground where the pests are to be placed; then set fie peate upon and all ound the wake, incliningto {he ited hetero po between each Sete two ‘honwih doors of the top or lat thoy peat are ald nil in ea n horicontt ites

1627

MACKENZIE'S otter purpose in them tho family, taketop dozen oFktehea fiteon kecp in a bottle and put a amall toncupfut into Dents and pat upon tho of the ‘iglt gallons of milk, when warm from the cot. refie, upon ego; thoy wil soon draw up the coal To make Duter, Dusbarton Method. and becom rein s short times Aer being First scald tho ohura with boiling water to in fried about onco of tic, and dono with smoke sure cleanlines s; then, having putin the creat, fog, they a t e charred, nd ssay be removed to the work itl the butice fo separated fron the will, sea more hg waited, ut om another ‘and put the formor into ecloan vostel. Next draw fupply of poate, By following” t h i s plan t h e ‘scornesic kle several times aross-wayt through I HElchen fre ia Kept up, aud thus, with very Tite for the purposo of extractin tcoubl, a sappy feoaf thofrombestsmoke, charredand peatthe ivaporobs fuities whieh may adhere gto it. any Lethairs theorebutter teinod, penfslly be put into spring-water during this operation, bywood,no bieans a0 noxious a8 chareoal mail from ‘will preventits turning aoft, nd hich wil "oat ehatred inthis way may be used in clear it from auy rownants of mill, Next {ehafor iu any room, or even Im'a nursery, ithe imix withikeWite every stono of butter ten ounces of elt. fut any danger arning from the vapor. Iemould Incorpora it to well, otherwise the butter will not lo bo found very BE for Uh warming of beds, ‘keep. In May'and June will fad much better then Lvo coals, which: are. ia take one ounce more of salteachbutstoneafterof thebuttermidale eneral used full of sulphur, and smell all over of August ono ounes lew will sufice. When wade fhe ‘Yeats house.charro put it into a woll-coaconed kit, and shake n bands ina g r a t e , and applied to the purful of aalé on the top, which will preserve it from pote of sharcoal fomodistaly wituout beng ea ‘moutdines s, Tn this'way eontiauo to ineke and Tngutsbed, mao’ the purest and bost c h a r s and salt the butter, plasing one eako upon the other fetgo ofquantity,sake,and ‘Wien pat ay here 6 4 ‘until the kit fe ful, “Observe that the kit doce extinguished, any part of the tho as Teak, ‘not oa atmest, ia not thoroughly bura inwillthesuoke hear andwit fasion the butter liquor to spol.oosiog through would ocTrbibe and whea twod To make Cheshire Chose have a dleagreealo moll whieb would at onc ‘kis necessary in making tho best eects to put Iisdor sans Tay.charred pout from bulng seed in e gentler inovernigh the pew mill without skimming, end if any ts milk bo mixed with ity it must be To make a Cheap Fuel Drought to the s a m o natural warmth; into tix coal, charooal, oF sawdust, ono part; sand, putas uuch rennet as is fast euisientto come thisto of any kind, two parts; marl or olay, one part; ia {he curd, and no mores for on this Just propor. (quantity as'thought proper. Make tho mast up tion the inildmess of the eheeto is eal to depend; fo balls convenient size, and ‘piece dried of tho size of a worn dime, and cientlyofaetrong place these bulls,when accortho ‘Put a tescupful of water with ite’ salt, ing to its size, «tte abavo tho top ba, au they. Aboutintotwelve hours before it is wanted, i cul” will produee @ heat eonsidorably sore intense than eighteen for ‘lent of milk. Tho eur. is ‘common fuel, ond ineuro a saving of one-half the next broken down, gallons and, when separated from verythe ‘quantity of coals. “Afro thon mado up will recheove-rat fato'e put is ‘whos, pressed and , ‘Quire no atiring, and will neod no fresh food for ry; it ismoxt broken very small by squeesing it ten hour wilh the hands. "New curd ts mixed with about To clean Watereasks. half of yesterday's, and which bas Scour tho inside wall out with water and sand, ‘been itsKeptquantity that for When the curds have and afterwards apply a quantity of ebarcoaldus been thus mized, wellpurpose. preased and closed with the aud Detter method is Co rinse theta with hbunds in a cheoso-vat, till they become one solid { ‘nother pretty strong solution of oll of viteiol and water, Towp, itis inio ‘pros forfouror Sve hours, which will eatzely deprive them of theirfouluess. then taken put out of the sheese-rat and turned, by ‘means of cloth put into tho same for this pure ‘To preserve Egg Bote ad azato out Sat the press fr the might Apply with a brash solution of gum arabe to is then taken eut, well salted and put into the thofey, tol, or mimeo tho egge thrsiny let the, press again till morning, when its taken out and and. aftermarde, pao then in dey sbarooal Jail upon a fag or board tll the salt in quite Sik "Tate provents their beg aested Ly any melted then put into a dry room,tand ‘erations of tomperatare, tumed’ every day,itis wiped, Ul it becomes dry enough for market, ‘the 6 Another Method. To correst Damaged Grain. rx together in tub o oF yeuol Put one tho bushel injured article jnto an oven, from of quicktime; thirty-two ouseesof wich eal; the breud eight ounces draven. Spread OF cream of tartar, with a much water as Wil in a bed of from hastheeebeen to just four inches in thick edie the competition nes, toa and muliient stir it consistence frequentl y with «shovel {otherein, font an egg. Thon put and Keep the ge to facilitate the disengagement of the vapor,or rakeTn which atleast. wil precerve them porieolly ossd (cn or fifteen minutes, according to ite humidity, fortwo! years withdraw it; when porfeetly coal and sired it will be restored tots wholesom e qualities “A Substitute for Mite and Cream, “Another Method. Bent up the whole of ts fresh egy gral in a basi,to Musty grain, totally undt for use, and wt soa dea! pote Boling ovr Prevent ie carding, “Wei dtieult from the Gate ‘ean searctly be ground, say bo rendered perfectly Aodlstingush the composition from rch eream. sreet and sound by siuply inmersing it in bolle ing water, and letting it remain till the water bo1 cure Butter. eoimes ‘The quantity of water must be double ‘Tak two parts of tho best common salt, one part that of col. the-cor to be puribed. ‘The musty quality of"pand sugarbond and othne-half part of ealtpetoy bea tent rately penetrate through s the hus of the wheat whole together, Tako one ousce i d in the very worst cases, it docs extend of this composition for every sixte n vunces of through the amylaceous matior which notTies imine Suter work wll into the as and close ap iataly under the skin, Tn the bot water ll tho or rotten grains swiia on the surface, 99 Butter oured this way appears of a rich, mar- ‘eenyed {hat the remuining wheat is efeetuslly cleaned omy consistoncs and ine color, a n d never ao from all impurities without any material Tove, Tt gules sbi harduey nor tar gat" wl fs afterwards to be, dried, stirring it cecasionally Mewiso Keep. good threo years, only observing on the kiln.

Sent, whoo formas tho bestr of pol sll con. fumed, and, theto spac shiney nd wisend vacasons burn Togs. the fio ‘shnid bara eotoo thought ust, aly anne wet tae ‘Wien the peat bo uiieny wed isesty knowsat fomsaat the anpentenee ofIuentiningshe sy et omwhite devin ofan ax posiie wnt t h e i‘ponSctingunhed. ‘The charcoal moy bo reuoved {hadi imust stand three wévks ort south befors te fl oning day. iis uset e New Seconds Flour of bad quality. To remove the Turnip Flavor from Mitk and Butter. o:inprov To char Peate for Fanily The. Mix common carbonate of magnesia ‘When charooal is required for sookery, oF any

Dissolve a Tittle nitro in apring-water, whieh proportion ef from twenty to forly painswell,toin

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

1628 ‘dy and inhour, four hours! fsboutfourhaif'an when ittinewill knead be Bt itto wellmouldor {ato loaves. ‘To prepare Household Bread, Mix four ounces of sult, three quarts of wat pint of yeast, and a peck of seconds flour, in & tough, Whouloaves, properly fermented, and divide it into Somotines « portionkneadof 1yetneal, ies, for, or builed potatoes, are mized ‘withthe the kneading the twoit ormer serveflourta previous Lind tho tobread, tho latter eause to be open aad spongy.

pound ofbutfours esleined magnesia willextent improveas thethe rend, no€ measly tothe samo Carbonate, TE seconds wil hopeove the color of breedthe Sade from naw Sour, whi i t Smpaie ‘lor of bread fom fing old and now out. To prevrce Flour. Attach » number ofbeinglofts thrust to everyintomil,sack o'that tho‘Bement our, ieine place offot hemachinery, feton ofthe sone, Tut ay tobe ooltakenia theup moet by theearful aud spreuvio= manner. ‘The lene feotion of ston tho stones necessarily crestesinte front heat and j and if our i thease moreoh Whee Bread 2"from* giveh ooks in this tate,clammy. «chemical aston wil male it To 2 prodace one-third Stanriy noi sof ad Bollaof water bushelforof oneth fury coarsestkeepbetatering jn soveni Ghat gale Po presrce Wheat, tone nay not tickoF (abto theful bottom; then pour toflay Kiln dryglazedit andon putthe iinoutsideeubeal aesfiledofearth{oto teogh of hole, over whieh cnwaro, and fall ne sloth orcover sieve. Onwith a theweight. top of suielent! the wholo [ocsble coversss,thouandwithasecured plac with of thea same wareof scare Ide to St mitare nea wooden Hite, try Acco and hempof thisclot,kitdtllmight the whole bo wich male {angikto pressth outtamth Iiquor foma ho ran, whpal. rctight” bs sade a th Ck would hold four bushels ora quarter of wheat. Yule i andchendneaded Tiguor wil contain inthowith essential proper il ofproper:tho To correct Moist Flour. {Eom fou i would will yield one-thied oein thothanusualth Im preparing the dough, let one-third of the fame quantity made with water oar bo keptadasnnixed tilthotheflour,doughand begine toit vy Tite then litle of when To make French Brew ‘five hes hours, again all tho ite more, and son for four ot into three quarts of water. whole ofwhich the fouroccasions ts used. gl In {a Putwintera pintlet ofit bemillesoulding lot, but in summer he ottlxture, dough,mentioned, wil be takerwill Mp,Us ie moe than aod. milka warm, Pa go dinsalo sient jae inio thealready. ‘Tako a pint hall of yout, freetha {ous bilermes, and Tay Sen gallon of water Highly improved. Bight Delors.and "Pour off the fa yeast intomorethe thaowile& To renove Flee from Rooms, nd water then trate rather ‘Tako half teaspoonfslof brown of Macksugar,pepper, of pound of butter, Work i inewall basny tlt ponder, one m teaspoonful aud oneta quarter iefodGisalveds then beat up tno egg stir with them thoin. Tiguor, Mix about a winter posk andmaoa balétho Lablespoonfal of oream; mix them well together, Sf lou ania fdAles place them fa theandroom,thoy onwillsoon plato disappear. mhero the flough prettyandaid,the butlets more tack in thoauiaery plait well i t 1a worked beter bre trcublosvng, ‘tir tho liguor into ous, ae Yor pisorast, aadxn To make Bacellnt Bread. Stor the dough i s mado obver i t writh mcoty Mix seven pounds ofpotatoes best fourSteamwith offthreethe tito to rap while tho oven fe heating. When pounds of pared boiled: 0 oflosresan low, have lain inthemquskon oven about sideaquarefor Irate, and ioave them a'few minutes on tho ter tara tho other bash then Sine, anda spooatsl mix thenor while quia varPat Shout a quart of an hour longer. ‘Then take inthe four, with more of salt. {hom outthemandlookchip tpongy, thom withand ef whichyellow, wil get of ater, al ce ith these rato of a fine Spoonsful of ityous,well gradually tothe dough, potatoes sulot Irons rasplng tales of thie ae colo, at rene Sen Work nto a stnooth and ors ther lon eas inviting. {toaain fue hours before i a baked. wholewome Mized Bread. To make Bread with a vory wnal quantity of Yeast, ‘Tako ‘Toof make rice 3 pounds; bol to‘it soft in w pulp, sufficient ‘Pat one bushel of four into the trough, mix ‘quantity of water lil reduced then toreo-quartere af a pnt of warm water, and ono Pub it with B pounds of mealy potatvos, evoked lenspoontal of inthisa hos yeastmadewell inthe together; pour 8 by steam, and, when wall blended, add 6 pounds fanall quantity contre of the of four, Make the wholo into a dough with water, four lrgsenough to contain two gallons of wer; yeast i the usual manner. tion stirfour,withvatlm Seis sek, anaboutthicktwows pudding feot long batter, seme fand ferment withTo make the Bran Bread. Strow somo ofthe dry flour over it und lek ost ‘To four pounds of best housohold four put two forfd anhaviog hous, thon pour about a quart more water, tablespoonsfal of Zotsmallit stand beer yeast and a ia halfa warm pint stirred ¢ ar befor, leave t for two fof warm water. two hours fours, andtho then addsgaim,gallon mune of warm water. lass “Ald aga poundof bay nd eas Bur ia four and in sbout four hours Lil of water; salt; ake theit updough withit stand skia-nilk or tore, mixup the dougly and cover it wary i a warm cover and lot an hour Shout fouelighthoursbreadmorewil Yoube mayobtained put iinas thethoughoven,& Pat the Toayes into warm dishes, and let thou Sando stand twenty minutes before they go ito the oven. Fint of yrast ad boon used, Another Method. Ba prepare Dred tn the Method of the Loon Sift enck of flour into the kneading-trough; add poundsof water of salt,(cooled diseolveto then90° Fabr,) separately fa sixpailful with tivo quarts of yeast, Stir it wel, and strain it through or sieve;next afterwards ix itluths with the leur «cloth into a dough, cover it up unwith tnd shut down the trough-id close (o retain the eat. In two hours more inix in another pailfal of{Wapwormfor two waterhours. with theAfterspoage, and again ts knead fe for cover more than an Hour, with three palatal of warm water, Roturn the dough to the trough, sprinkle it with

Mix ofwiththe half of four, aihole bran,a pock « quarter of & containing pint of sinatho Beor yeast, anda quatt of lukewarm water; stir itthickwell batter, with athenwooden put aspoon napkinuntiloverit becomes the dougha fund set it about threo fest trom the fro, until it aes litle ofmoresalt, warm water, well.strow Add, over ifiteroquisite tablespoontul Tike into a stifagain.paste.kneedPutit itintoto fre, andtho whole whon irises ‘dough. If baked in tive the loares will be use proved. To make Leaven Bread. ‘Take about two pounds of dough of the last

MACKENZIE'S making, which has boon raised by barm; keep i jn e wooden vossol covered well with sour. four. Work This mill Become leaven when suficiently this into a peck of dour with warm water. Covetquantity tho dough clove with a cloth or fate, and Keep it ina warm plaoos further mix itnert mornng vith two or three busbols of Hou, uieed up ‘with water anda "When theAa dough warm is thoroughly mado little evver salt. it us before. ‘soon a8 it rises knead it well nto loaves.” ObServo {o the inflourthis theprocess, lighter thatthe the breadmarewil leaven be, audia put the fresher tho leaven the leas aurIt will taste. To make Four Quavtern Loaves for Family Ure Procure coa peck lou, ofwithwater, whichandmixadd a handfulofeale three ofquarts hall & of good fresh yeast. Work tho whola well fogether, sot itttwo riseto three at a moderatn from the drenad from hours, whendistaneodie vide it into four equal parts put it into tins, and fend it to the bakers ‘Tho London bakers, to give their Qour 8 fst tious whitoness boil alum8 in the waters but auch ‘means will ntbo resorted to in any private faally. Tomake Cheap Bread. ‘Tako pumpkine and boll them in water until is quite thick, and with tho decostion mix our 0 a5 9 Tho make proportion dough. ‘This mules atan least oxeallent bread. is inoreased on fourth, and it keops good a length of time. Another Method Birkonmayor, a brewer of Constance, hus sueeseded in mantfacturing bread from the farina‘cous of beer. of ‘Fenyeastpounds of this ofspecies ‘of paste,residue one pound dve pounds ordi‘ary meal, and a bandiul of ealt produce twelve pounds of black bread, both savory and nourish ng. ‘To make Bread of Ieeland Moss aud Flour, with fourof fn ‘This the vegetable making of may bread.be usedHoll alone coven oF pounds Nichen meal in 100 pints of water, and afterwards amiz tho samo with 69 pounds of four, and when Daked productwhereas, will bo without 160 pounds of good householdthe bread; this addition, tha flour would uot produce moro than 79 pounds fof‘meal,broad.”in the Toformprepare 1 pound33 pounds of lishenof of paste,it, usoto about four, To make Bread on Mr. Cobbet?'s Plan. Suppose the quantity bushel ofhaveflour.for Patthe thie Hour into @ trough to thatbea people ‘purpose, or it toomay in aclean smoothlargo.tub ofMake any ape ifnot deepbe and suftolontly ‘8flour.proityakedocp (forholo 8 ibushel) tho a aide pint of ofthisgoodheapfreshof ‘yeasty mix it and etir it woll up in pintof toft frater, milk warn. Pour this into the holo in th Heap ofthe flour. ‘and workso. atit round outsideThen of thistako'a boy spoon of wolstare, {a bring into it by degroos flour enough to mu iewellformfor'aminuto a thin batter,of which about two. must ‘Then betalsatireed bandfal Gf four and seattor it thialy over the head of this, Totter, 0 a8 to hide ity then cover tho whole over swith a cloth to Koop it warm; and this covering, 3 Well as tho situation of the trough, as todistanco from the fire, must depend on the ‘nature of the laceThen theand state a8 to toHensanakeandcracks gold, battorof hasthe weather, risen enough Jn tho dour, bogin to form the whole mass inte dough, thus: Begin round the hele containing the Dater, working the flour into the butter, and pourfing in at its wanted to make the four mix with theDoginning batter, this, soft water, Beforeat seatter milkthe warm, salt overoF thomilk. heap, the Half ais pound to a bushel of flour,tt Whenriletheof wholo suficlontly moist, knead voll fe grand of the basins Unless Tisthe dough bo wellparworked, there will febe Lite lumps batter, of dourwhich in thefs loaves; sau be shdos round the original to give fermen.

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 tation to the whole, will not be duly mize. It taust bo rolled over, prossed out, fulded up, and [proseed again,4 tifuntandit tough bo completely Bnd formedout into daugh.. tized, "Whoamip in thethedoughmiddleis mado to be formed intoa of theititough, and, with Tuto dry four scattered ‘covered fret agai tobe thinly Kept warm and to forson,and

inThavetisto tate, all bethondonoaboutrightly, rousin more fitoon He orwilletynot ‘ifie even should befn hotthe byTauptho abuut timo thatthe dough fs zotained twentySte fhinites: When both are ready’ tao out the nd wipe the oven clean, and at nearly the same moment take’ thoor ome doughpropcr out wpon thext lid of the bang trough, plac, it ypints esso and miko 1 up into Toarc kneading gain in thethocoborltoparate parcel,thedoug saking a lis four over to provent aihering {0 oc ad pt it he oven uickly as possible after they seu formed whenery {ihe ovea td or door shouldbe fastened up tlosely, nad sizeif allof boquarter properly Tosves tanagedwill lentesto ufof shout ihe ‘ently baked about aod twolook houra, Hatbreathey usually fa down the li at tho a order to sn how Ils going on. To detect Adultertion in Brent, ‘on into the considerably emsmb of a loaf one dey old the bade of knife heated aif aul torated w i t h alum ie will show it sawholesums futherenees on the surfs, and i t annyor further be detected hy the smell Bome-dust Plaster of Paris may thiebo dacovered by Weinisingelargetho' soft par, afSt aleat and waking quantity water in an earthen vessel placed over a sow fre theo orandfourpap hours. ‘Then having {ie water the obuosious uatepoored will olte ound atthe baton, ‘Ta prescree Howse from Vermin. Bags in may zealy be desteoped byao dlsolvingpatieuas, half a’drachm of gorse subi laa quarter of an ounce of sally taixing it yith one quart of aptof apirit of turpentine Shako thero places well togsthee, diaao brach i ie toreand wrath thoe where bags supposed fort, remove theun with ereaoreet{alatyanthanthlsanywilother mode now practised To make Hominy. Tadlen com ie ade into countey, hominy by akind of will nowor generally thachine: In the However ii often made Uy soaking the corn fot 9 short te, nteely enought soften an lvsen tho. outer hull of the so that It eau be broken off by beating ingrain,a mortar ‘To make a mortat large enough a log of woot fsallowed chosen,to onburntop of whieh large decfe cavity tity andoF out a wulfliently tlie with a sayy an cago or shoulder fs eat on four sidesand ofhatchet the log, agatast which shir gles are fastened ‘upright, prgcetinga Feeeptats. above te {op of the log far enough to make “Aftor beating, a8 above mentioned, the grain i pat into water, when bopreparatory separated, Some the ada lvownel Iyotv thehuiswatereat foeeasilythe the hull Sooner, but itsoaking, injures thebeeaute flavor We ofsoftens the houiay. MANAGEMENT OF BEES, To work Dees in Clee Hie without the honcy nest virgin theof destroyin To produeo exul practice the g bec a laray having 4 thle ae Cacia seeing of opportun {hedoubleto ity by been inveuted ppeleystronbd hingi uenar uh a n M.S o et fourand glasses, whieh may he teuoved ith aft the bec Kept warniera ture al suse other Ithirer hanHive anywars hive befn omer atparttheof topthe tact the boant Tho may. thohep usual the onenge care theto sare casodonohy byaking Ahlsis turning top Uoard Ly mesothe t'a Ghumk atvew, so that wen fest hive

1629 holes of both Loards shall not correspond, andby ths the upperthrough board itwhilo will prevent bees taraing trom passing hiving. theAt night Dring theto hivo tis intended stand;into in theaboutbee-house, two daysor where after place on the glasses (which should be clean) ovar

99 {heir respective openings, and stop them round sul eta, flere hih fon te boar oad the bees to ascend for the purpose of working forer tho glasses with tho tall upper ive, wedno Mo{ing not lookwil denat thom for afew dayes Taleed, be necessary but to aorta when they aa bo taken and all tho elses rotored,Tenoyit iso w i l be roqinito ‘heJnifefoose oar nto them excludefromthethebees; then fest with to turn thin adaptor; Teave them thus for about am hours thon eaty the glasses inYertod short-distance from the hive tuto th s,oF Fuso theremain glasseswllwith a ninall wedge, and Inhat” few boos leave nd roturn to hie ovigial hive.‘oadly ofeted erlyime in'thoseav will ford tho opportunit of on, y tmodistaly€ boreplacing tho sane, of another set of lass n fled, g e i n wanted at any time to take only ono ‘orboar,Observe, tno atof hytheif glasses withthe Honey, do not turn the 40 doing combs are diunited, tndtaining the bees thesiselv will then empty tho "ees glasses althoogh atorward sre-l thsn, ‘which unght ecesion a lat of tne dn tho bert Dart of the season. for working} ( snplify 0 . Prlct, only loosen mich glrses a are wih (0 tAiton with thin nfo aot thew on 8 o retoved and replace others in their steal, Tho luidile of a Ge day fs the beat time to remove las, not betheadxinabl to takoaa anythe honey from to Te hivewill aftr ond of July, resaining pat of the season might not prove favuruble te lucie gathering enough for thee winter supports Uioraére, Jt wl boto necessary abouttho thisglasseyUm, aadof aly in ‘August, remove all {urs the board, to aly shut them up. "Thoso bo glasses onlyaot ado partly fo ited with on combs sul carefully bo placed again thereteflowing Aprils if, however, the stock will fig Fav ao or mort of he nice vridh uoder honey for that purpose, whit is byij far the Nest ce "Thus michAprifor thetho swarm which is left tilag the following tine to somsence wortng tho glasses, as hives aro mun fall of em {aWork brood should’toetheor reason prove favorable, tie glasses mor, ad equalonding sucess Tlaltend every subsequen corresp t TtSil the teat seagon a sara eannot be expesielyearto the glasies moro than once, which will roe aoe eightof manageme poune ntof wil the notfinestprovent honey.the Lbia teed bees from ewarsing. “The honey thus obtained being fresh from the ive wll bothe of young the Guestbrootyquality,of remarkably pure, perfectly fee’ froin . fnto fragrance, clea in color, and very fur superior any produced fom common Ives; tay alsa ‘elaken pleasureboingwithout injury’to resort to tho’ at heeany especialy atwthout obliged {ie proversoftmothtring tothe these painful indastiouands Excerabie and valuable iaeets “To work Bees iu Straws Hives, ‘The double cottage stray hive will answer many poser in the Keeping af hoes, we either a glass ‘sill be workedover om thothe conte top ‘i, whichstra gives liveit autayadvantage man hive, although the mithod of laanagement EB simple Prepare anthis thehiveprice fora easy. swarm by apreading mortar round the erown of ito carry the adapter to fipport a glass or awl straw hive, as i aaay be worked with either. “Hive the swarm ag usual,

MACKENZIE'S

taking care to secure the opening atthe top; atter eimoving let the atewara ‘work furtonitodays,its appointed tien clear place the opening top, nd fix either & glass or a stoall straw hives tho besehiveil around Chen teen for workings Upper with mortar to tbe Stop adapter,the [End darken it with aeommon hive; in tbe egurss ‘of frou Gite to twenty days examine i and it the honeytheas adapter here diested: forfall wireake between sad snaPassaveknifeto Separate the combs, wer which renove the eal hive of boney on a divider (a brace plate aboot twelve inches square); ely ‘necessary to, placeit will a then auuall‘hivebe fumed on. the ‘tlapte, or stop tho epening fil another hive is toSiviter bo worked. stall hive now umintothe a short Curry distancethe away, or rather asked rons avert an ae over ial ‘ompty hivo of tho sum size; Keep thet steady, find, the bottom bees in'a fewby tapping minutes round will ascend to the bivehive tho,aboves carry then to within about tira ‘at of helt Srignal sagen as stocks oo aiake them out, and Gey wil tar "To tork Bees én @ Boz Hive ‘This clogant hive consists of threothat divithe sony ands 0 box bigenlonly constructed finest honey muy bo taken without destroying the hoes; you tay work & glass hive on tho top, and inspect the wholedisturbing of Chee thet. eariows nd Satereating Tnbure without ‘When a swaru is placed in thie hive abut the slider uf the adapter; tie @ small eont round to Sceuro tho parts} hive the vwaria in the uavsl Tanners at nigh open bring thei entrance into tho atVeoshouse pce sppotited; bottom anor Feuve th cordy Sta glass hive is worked on tho top placa eon tho suo evening, stop He rudy thea drav back the andthe aider to bees cleat wfiule grat, it'a few minutes, aseondleavefor Working. “When fate the tivodive, upper divisions to Torte to remove the bottun and by the compression the bees are obliged to work in the with ex bo darkened should which glass hivo, Proper cover und lft fora fow daye witout Weed tii bo nectay to ropace theboing woe croployel division at tho botaus four or Be days previeus tothe removal of tho gas of honey : in Femoving which shut tho sivier and leave it in {his stato Yor ono hours then follow thos plain Aireotions Jad" down ‘for tho roioval of last hives. Tf more honey is wanted from this iyo than tho glass alles, exausing tho civisions enol in September tho theca ato fully viny the to ‘upper hives ofif Roney and theto bottom ani not ollerwise, proceed reaove ofthe combs, Bets Offrretho thse top division and pase the brace Aber pars, wae ie should remain forabee Hours them tietase’siderthe ofthe divisiontaptersith tolea weethe beet ahd ray back fut, and when clea, whieh will bo Mu 4 few inine Aes, divisionand amhy pluco the alaylerthe to the remove nese this division, "withdrawing Slvilr it wil Blase down when. the suns ue Honey are takenat hoout baton; from thisconseuntly, division it should elreplacl every eae or once ih to years gives dem, as Aires division or part of a hive to rebuildera,ior Irhich Keo goudthe beet at work wad hs combs ine slate sonstantly of preservation, ‘fo work Dees in a Mesagon Bat Bice and Straw “ce ‘This box hive ie admirabty constructed with stidor and grating, having large glass wiudows, 1 hive on the top, that when and supporting a glas swell supplied of with,"viewingees, theafurds the atthe plosing Soportentty progress Ido, exhibits a very interertng aad boas {il"To hiveandappearance, atheswarm iti andonly thennecessary to asshutborsthe ser over grating, proce airected, tho (When a glassgivenhive withte tothebo eaperior worked follow Inatuctions

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘box hive) ‘This hive is the bet ealewlated to ‘ork bess from other hives, cepesially when they tro in a state of decoy, particularly the common Rive." Te is ofefeoted withdrawing flider clear the gratomerely and byplaving the coumonthe hive evening,withtaking’ stop {ho over ontrance it inof thetho former mortar.caro "Theto bees writ of‘have eourceworked then theenterbottom at bottom, and when they hive nearly ful, whieh fe ascertained by aeana of the windows, under anoaad place them ft them Carefully thor hexagon hives upconsequently thie colony eon tists of throo hives, and it yell not bo safe to remove the upper hive unless the bees have worked. combs into bottom thehive,common which ifhiveeffected {ho end of thetho season, anay beat safely taken with its contents. To work Bees in the Crnsmon Hive. ‘This hive being in auch general use in this for many years, requires but Tittle obser= country exeept ‘ation, on some esvatial whieh, to,to hhonoft the oultivator, ought to points, te attended Fit, cate should ho taken to have the hive made ‘of‘nitable clean and good straw, thickness, "Some andhivesmanufactured are ao thia ofand Toso es to require many days of tho most value blo thio of the swarm to onder the bivo ft for hole use «hive ehovld be chosen in proportion ‘Secondly, tothe size of the ewarm; and when a yood hive 4¢ouldobtained, which il toanda within swarm a rik deplaced two of intheit bottom, slilter it fron gold winds and vain; for, if once tho orbs, and hive ie afets ‘he the wetbees penetrates getting a distaste for their homey will vrork very slowly, and often desertit altogether; to their Wking Teave they haveand ahive herons them unmolested, they will soon furnish it ‘with combe and boney. It ts not material in what aspect tho stk stands, provided the sun ehines of the day... Well tho course fn the hivehives,onoeKeptin dry, peopled will thrive in most sit ations. ‘One of thote fatal aesidents to which this hive sn ubjoet,ocours through covering it witha hackle orSs enticed, turf, Ly who whiohwillthoirmakegreata nestenemy, on thethe top,mousey and bldimately eat its way theough the crown of the hive,"Aboutand Augwt destroy thebothrobbing combs and bees, by bees commences wn iin ‘and wasps, wbieb 1 but lito byregarded; the destroying be derived beneBteeenwill about portant April, which 1s the mo‘wasp, Jucen ther of thousands; mol therefore depends om which are to atand the preservation of those hives apply the guard i thom protect ‘To winter. the ‘vento by Bf. Bspinasse, whieh is culeulated to proveTn September highly Henebiial eects. be directed to sttentionia itsshould weigh tho slacks; none of those of less than from Bitoen to twenty pounds im weight ean safely be Teliod om to ata tho winter without feeding; and top all hives down tothe board with mortar ‘Fo etablih an Apiary. an aujary ia about to establish time best ‘The ‘Rebroary, as the stocks have passed through the then empty . ‘The andcombsthe aroremoval in ofvafelyhoney, ‘winter Hight safe andof Brood; faay,” should’ alone be selected a competent Suge, Blocks ue the weight eannot by alway be re fiod’on; but such we weigh twelve pounds and spwarda— must also terved, and thethat number they areof wellhees eonibed to neatbe ob-the Dottind these may be safely chosen. When theylingare particularly Drought Home Leese, earfulsot tothemkeep iathesthe Ary. The noxt day plaster the hive to the boerd, leaving entrance the sizo purebase of the littethe Snger Tr this anseason has passed, frst aud carly smarme; for late ones or casts are not Keeping, unas two or three have been uniteworth the evening ie the someVesthourdtao; the"flo hivereinoveshouldstocks, be valsed bybe wedges alco moveable with unless the floor previous, Rie hve—olherwise many’ bees will remain on

1630 the floor at the time, and prove very troublesome. at when the door is moveable, plaster the hive swith mortar tothe board; pin a’card pierced with Doles the hiveto boned tafore firmly thefa entrance, (hs way Itcearing would travel any diethe anc‘warms purchacod should be brought home the same evenings for if delayed for a day or two, combs will be worked, and subject t0 bo brokea i removing. To eultivate Dee-Flowere.

MACKENZIE'S

‘Bees aroowers most fond of bethosefountyplacestherfore where thelr fuori are to ber Hops sh crnagy te. growth of sth Eirubs and fowersgeenort as ar inoya fo supply honey sate ht hu‘tionswaxbeesin hedo Sot By farabundance; fr mays food generally Botto tiove than Ualfw milo; they ubnerved foturn with great approaches prospitaion ‘Thefo thefllowing hive whenaro ator a or Tain TheUlostom most erly favorsbtefor pasturage and ose whicd are the suet dasrable: Shrvde, ete. Gray willow. ‘Talip poplar Persturmon. Gooseberry. Raspber Aprlect and all other Fruittrees. ‘Ameriean Tindon.

Flowers, Mignonette, Teraon tyne. Gatden and wild thyme Binck beat Winter savory. Hyssop wien Muster.) Turnips. | hen Cabbage. se White clover. J #64 Bearlet and oitier basns.

ignoeln borage and eon thy ae he vinetpalyas theydestcoatinuo veryRosemary Iong in f Hoa als 4 honey. the ford Tad fret favor, unless but eldom ropplas much honcy very clehot wontheryet proves thebosom, countrys Ear worl its in tis with dry tod Liyang, epoxy acomatio ina southern apest, being Ueone hich from plants GrBeesthein principal eit collest of Narbonne heneighborbood Burup ta Buest the eileoued ie ich Honey, HIAWs of beuas, wise clover, and buckyleat of ofwatergreatae fteame or "Rivers bevel, afSidgreat us mae bees as beneficial ory deal of waters To nonrm Bees.

and of bees,breeddepends on tho incroase ‘Swarming them. ‘Thole being ready to lead aceaeding. fa queen ing begins sooner or liter,tho feuitfulnessto theof for~the In the evening, tan the ervwn of tho hive into epring, of the hive, When swarduestand of thethe populousness (queen, thele thighs it toes carry in farina or pellets om breeding, Alenotes they have couneneed end aot duishwhichtl tut litle practised an bas boon overloked” by thay be aa early a2 February, 101

are much inthelr numbers and hen indication Octoter; they s of swarming, by frtat hoe-kesping) and theadvantages of show reaced quantities ombelowa finethe restfei elusteringin great day, Hse Lut They never ing-board, resettle, and forvantsomeof eauso tei sometimes will probably w queen for stock, ‘iro towiththe them, Sone ives wil east three thnes,be Tring Tho secondabdcastnoveraayTater twiee. or four y only dhr bartnostl fxpected within the fret,esdays, Should a stock edover~ 5 days italter fide ten iesit wil perish, unless strongtion Fara the quantity ite moy bo easertained by observing is necessary It enter. to s seen Mterward bees tu Joly, par faUf the swarming seasun, frumto April the hives ticularly im Bay au June, beesobverve abuut forth iaeue tho general i ; day wine fnfoo fruit nine Us to Welock, abut resin Ue atternoon. To hive Rees hives by them, ave ss sare Bee-keepers prepared to hiveshould the bees soon a5 they are setods for should thesum shine hot upon theswarm sauy possibly be it tay take another tight, ofan biving them must wanner The entirely. Inst ‘be regulated by the nature of the plteo on which

unitng

1631 toe Jaid over the double fold of white paper with larger quantities each ine, ‘whieh itis covered. Another Method. To take the Honey without detroying the Beee. Hav a tick woolen Bow boats nees de p eset upon th board when the hive i taken

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

MACKENZIE'S

4

Spyuad sotor huney-ousbe with thea Tittlenaturalmoistened, honey inthem, f i e d with sugar fa setwakefhea hivo upon iA”Oid piece ofesmbs un oldshould hive will good Hoop. tupty boTinencarefully keptnacovered wp witha poefor feeding of thin or musi, very elean place thotacobees. fom Weak hives when souldtheybe runoved atfol if tho rest, mist Uo eae tho strongmanners will rub Take them.” ap Temove thetwithin tho{he hive flowing tho board to itclot Snbetween over ip twatnd where with wiisbondine Treo carey gontly tended tobe placed.suger ‘Trough of pithy wood, fled ‘with molstoned or Roney, und thrust fot thoIng. aperture of the bivo, ia mgood method of foi "He sure when raising a bve fom the board, LoliBe notbasty it down again with plaster lie,ie dead though th covsluding abive tho bes upon sem a inntiva,-xpous themth atrun dda, {urued white sect, where i more powerful for haan hour} then Bouse them innot= drarm place, where nether mols, bad ell, TightTe eon anyto pureago them a hive deferi tit fay, wanted Solr pono by 0watshwae tne, several stall taew {hoy may eben, every Tondod Ui ome in fOrtaborrs ten oFshould Aiftecnbo misuter. ‘ThatAll Tie hes mast the choos. tho refusebe honey, aftera leandraining thefor bos fn jars,tho should kept fa place feeding tees Inproved Machine for fading Das

‘To manage Been generally.

03

‘The beeof situation for beeson theisto summit the north,aud wi tor linen cloth; lay twa tik oni tro fet asundor range hills wooded JayUUy-enthe thebodysticks, on which the ear havethe Sxed gen.8 ‘rand She bast, eniehed with heater, sired to covering e with hive by Ue easttle with stream from the rok. Tosow0 the ‘potion the last poresptibl, and taking eure that Sno Tivulty the bee.mantor should ges of with the hvew cloth rest forthe upon thewunsticks, Coallure andy beech withthe seed of fut and cover ft hive afd all might with a light suslaco of etrtb, ‘The Tarte would {ie bees to sive again, When they have gove fata hive, cover vegsiate; and Blooming, with its onHes board in theproviding and tocaryleave eonre theof UeSautinsiy Prepare a board a little Jarger than the bottom toon to ts ataions are apt years, ererpay Mi labee by of the hive, in th centre uf which snake un open {ee Ute behivewatched ith pasturo oven after onbrooksoll world they beginand to throughout ethers work, to eythe barrens andFigo dust ‘ng about ten inches diameter ten Turn a frie ieee Ul evening the mang of the graually of half inch deal, to consist of four sides, ch este its eneroachmunt on fers Janda, Bun fniuing dy. "Whenever they ae sure to remainy out twelve Inches by three inchee; make the Powe a wbite caver field tothe mouth the il, HY the hive to is board with a litle une round tangles fim with siaall wooden blucks, to whiok ni outhwinterfromgreensthe have snd neaterowaor rain, feld alivenlargeoilewed it with green sods tu keep gardensto ower hers foes, 102 Iray Gut foo great fi thebe x before ia mentione dof board, A door scanty fod forthe should Secu. in White TWeachfivetwas nual divideshas intoa queon, sot two evar itisinto ign then mae a a l e the frame rulclo nty fat so bo town very surly patshes Dut neue each the hive; ld largo to admit deep plate, or tall deh 0 core Su aot"nearer ean one hives or Loxea but they must be kept separate, ars A Yow dwar? {in tarhe fedfood,quietly,"Byte wea of this machine the flomors may come within tio fet, but tall grown I's cluster of hoes about the sig of small plum ‘oes and nprotect ed frombe s the eld nes ouldbe nest insects to get Po the west is teen together, the queen wil. generally be eather aod the intrusio of ether ‘tout ie desirableor toheather i there down have'smou,shrubbery, woods found Separate thom,taeand thewithqueen. adrinkang Sry sen tah t fathen int te 1 broom camun glace turned you tay Wor af the ichno should fac cash fastof the ‘Tho stations for tho bives must bo six yards Ker and a scor or fo of her autjets into a Pubox ‘boe-houso as best suits convenicneThe s, dish aun and never nearer thn three yards, The fall ef hats, large eooygh to adit it, and yet tT4 ple fuod oftoce bethickplodpaperuate shoul be sovered wth ‘onrd onof which they are underside allow thewad beeskeep to herestupo. eed her with placed ought tothebe joining of ue notloneyto cout th ete of Hee; th pate i j e i s e d , day tho ut ia reserve in eas of ered in holes ttvugh which the bes Thoula wil be feed ted with th death a thinner of'@ queen in voued one ofsuretho signbivea,to queen el oes “When udfoto thea quantity of short Pesos of straw alto put ‘wth wooden ns, ‘Tho fi hive consce to work ie la elgee uf this routed isn watThoy prevend thebo bes fromnightdeo an ‘andar more,et sea shoul then loaded projettheofour wooden the bebee-master enter thoaybablation, ebes allpillarrund sixteen wale an fmt {ino Mlomecv es,” should fed af {he hive. Plaoo fon Tour att {iedonning ah, only takthis en theawayfee elyand onhaathe felling Inches tong, Cen Snches above the grounds bat six Buti the spare queen be taken late in th even: Uo do should be inches of is length shoul be ivuly thea Sato ing, wetting lee wings to prevent ber essay and Severed.” ‘ho wstomn ud early part of the {he earth; in all ita Yength toe sateen inches, Jnffoduco ber to the Geapunling soeety, they will fring are t i t i e s proper to exuinin o Hf any hives ‘The pillar fo frowt should ecivo lice glally and begin to work ho an inch thoror than ‘equie feeding ; but alwaye comun eotherwi beforese thothe {he ether two, and the. Ges plas should bo th boos uf-w hive Bight aasong themselves, tiock i fa lute want of food, ‘within tnelve tabr exclude fOurten rateinceani ances the outor edge boslroyassured there arei oneto i queens: andsway they towilop. tec wil bo 0 poot and weak as io be unable to or the board each ether nat taken ‘Fur the come dow, ono means enaon forno agent ives aro to wari asevond or nore timer, tallogrowing plant,wiihinno wall, notoF thoy‘Whendo'notcutne To manage Honey. fy ehould be Cres out im luster, but they make To {ur feet o the hive. “In Sno weather the en. judge of the a best Souud) honey, called it bllings, should be which age of « may andbe. hearty bright pale color, thick, and litle arowatie. ‘To snteanooned tothe hivo must bo four lashes Tong nd Seng fora lit, and newod agatn. halt in depth, ebtain I from tho combs in ie pure tat it must YFows anda At 'here re diferent touce Seis certain there do networms. oat beesDuss but routines ara usefel to them, several young quesna in tho hive. Its only aroby beclrleft shows to nun whether fem themit iewithout pressings The by destroying eat them Putting fino of foferer, “IP ahd are led thereby. the arcu toe Oot the sound eu be ented to presh Tard distintly. somo in the cottby choose the Fhirest an in‘suchwhiteas havo not boon brokeny weap eesTa'the beginaing of avethe finestoresseason, when the To keep large Hives fur Winter. ac eam comb got foe, or yaper euch ns ramaining, lines the bey not be more than three years old over of loaf sugar. Bol it edemays aa i sowd eemaster hes tothing'to do but to keep thethe ‘and‘Theywel must stocked with bees. hive for preserving {nthe hive and it may be proverved wany mont. round about the hives cleat from weeds and hould weigh trou thinty to forty pounds, Place ‘he comb Tay meat to be Hewett be eat there" from whatever might exable vermin (0 lin them slices, in October Yet a8 thriving stock inclines very soon they aroagainst them to reinain, obor on supported by {o ware, the bises mest be frequenty locket serving tho usual where 8 rack’ over the jar, ina har-ecarchy precautions veruiin wha the honey foto ‘winds, on giving them if possible « distance of Thain tho libFi thoseed ater dialing the fhe from eight in tho orang Ul fo in the fx better fori keeps. or eight Yards asunder, Mernoon. ‘The apmptow are geaerally those they may not rob far to tho bras 3 ‘Tho litle city scema crowded fach other. Sct the hive that Tit sum must bo after taken af when i t with bas inbabitomta; acted, A blader, well washed in Taker mates, ought theyare condiwally fn motion uring the day ‘the ede fiwly round with plaster suneet Time all Plaster except

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 the entrance, two heles Fit a piece of bard to the sperturo,cut aquarter of aa wood buch square, Shi Hy the Losrd as a door with plaster lime. Gover the hive with drawa straw tied together sand. Cutat

1632

MACKENZIE'S

centro covered with pice of tin, Mfr, Thorly aces the glasereeiver upon the top ofthe straw Live'andtho ploce of enlarged, tne Tho pursber, draws theirout habitation now ‘nding {hee labors with such alserity thae they lth the bowholenos Hikswisoworks.with Tetheir wil, sore, hivesof their slats brogress however cwsry to cover tho glass with eu emptyhive of ‘ stam toaworking.wih a thy et wayto Me. Thorley ight ioferveboardwhoacleanturing wad brass away dead wovent their In this them intoup aif waratorsitoaton, they move their Tit good season, bas hada glass hive dled ia tvings) i no, bring them ‘hiryy days, coutaning thirty-eight pounds of ne Troe from no, and the light exsluded, Keep 104 completely {im there tl the extreme figor of the season It honey. When the glass flied slide etuatin ol thle to thom sotara then and past Un plate etimeen tho hive or hex, a8 o cover heShaan’ wonset amo i dstrative to bee i hey tho passage, and in batt an hour tho glass may bo faewillray Witgotosat,their companto, “ho few bots that tout, Pat a planting of tnigeuoros t h e holes reuain eally {Gipive airthonandsnoreSot hanconfineeight theor tenInmates. Novore Br. Thorley haw added. glast window to his tomfine days, and to ebservefa useful the progressespeciallyof Sept in show in tho suoshine, their own sagecity {hostrabees,ives, aud inthisordercontrivance will diret when forit isthaienfe ogo out. Te is abto- if one hive is to bo removed whilst the senson Intoly necessary have leave fot continues favorable for thelr cllesting of honey, going in and out in tlerablyheathmildto weathers for when thoup, combs ar beesfiledforsake with honey thoand callerennd ths them, Zo manage BowLlives of Mr. Thoreys Contruce frofile seiled mosty in theon, hives n whichalso Ukethat morks are bee shied carried Observing the beet partaboutisan anootangular bebo, madethe trare apt to extend thelr combs through the ofGover‘Thedealofbottom boards Inch in thicknely, thge ar communication intodivitho theuppercomhive,whenwhichth which f e externally seventeen inca ia Fendered i t necessary to Senicter butten. internall only oftfteenthe cover ysida Inches, of end Upper site hive sorcon was taken away, theho teshes pt ofthewi pa itseigit Ta the tis wage or netting’ ‘ctangula r box iby a moana hol, whe may be opened ot fie largo enough for & loaded bee to pees easily Shut at pleasure of walider, In one of them, from and thusone he boxprovents theother,janstion the panels is-a pane of glass, covered with & Ahrough of the combs to tho and ‘wooden door. ‘Tio entrance at the bottom of the oosequently.obvistar the necesity of eulting box is about three anda half inches broad and them sod of spilling somo honey, whieh, running half inch high. ‘Two slips of deal, about halt down anon crow of bees, ommoted thet fn Ichan square, each other in the centro of ‘buch. the box, and aro cross fastened the panel by means Tangstroth’s patent hive is now much recomof small sorews: to these to elipa bees fasten rpenited. In iteach comb has e separate frame, heir combs, Tn this octangalatho box r the bees are ‘You ean cat oat tho quecn cll in he spring and hived after swarming in the usual manner, and thus prevent swarming. "A hive ought nottho taboosbe then auffored to continue till they have built their tod f o r more than eight years. But ‘combs them which may be eed not te detroyed re ty sive thom from known andby Alled opening thewithdoorhoney, and their fone bive to anotier by rapping on the occupied ‘works through tho glass pang, or viewing by the weigit

Of the hiva.” When the bee-master finds Bis laLorious insects have filled babtation, ho to place # common beo-bive their of straw, mudo either at on the top er in the common forts, felangular box, and drawing out the slide? aon conthe ‘munieation will bo opened between tho box and the straw hive; in eousequence of which the bees it evo ateo wit tho produet of their When tho straw-hive is well Sled the slider ‘may be pushed in, and the hive away and another placod in its room, with taken the lider ‘out. ‘This new hive will aso bo filled in thedrawn sans Mr. Thorley assured the of Arts that ho td taken thee suosctsiveSootety hives ed with honey and wax from a single hive during fame summer, and that the fod stl remaining tiin the sulci for the support of thooetangular bees duringbox was tho winter. Ile eays that if ‘method were pursued in every of tho Kingdom, instead of the erucl method part of destroy ing these useful insoots, from Jong experience, chat was hewoulig persuated, bo cll sue plenty tet candles fold as elieap as thoso ofmadetallowwith arei m sold at resent, ‘Mr. Thorley bas algo added another part to his bee-hive, consisting of a reservoir eighteen jnches high, eight pokes inglassdiameter otto, and in the” greatest papt thirteen ; atthlsthe receiver lias w hole atthe top aout one inch in diameter, through which a squaro pieso deal Is extended nearly to the bottom of the ofvessel, having tro to'whioh the bees fasten their comb ther end of this square plete i screwed ‘epieco of brass, which serves ast handle to the ‘etsiver or glass hive. Whon the beet havo filed their straw hive, which must have a hole in the

‘Tho Tohostmanage hives Beeraro onthoseMr. Cobbet?'s made of plan. lean, wnblighted rye-ttraw. “A-syarm thould always be put into a new hive, and tho sticks should bo new The bees to workandon,& fort arethe puthiveintobo thold live it fs notfer the #0 wholesome, housand to one but it contains the embryos of ‘moths other insvets injurious to bees. Over tho hiveand itself there should of thatch, nado also of clean rye-straw, boanda eapit should not ‘only be new when frst pat on tho hive, but a new ‘one should bo madotheo orto supply the placefor ofwhent {ormer one every four months, the straw boqine to get otton, abit soon does, in

sects ini ite smell i bad, and is effect on TheMisbeesbreed ie dangere beratsplaced on ereep bench, ‘p.th ialogs offound whiehtehivesloge amigoshould and cannot ie bit.re mortal But oven this wallto bees.not Keep oyu ang, whieh eames Xeop thom awayfiatif theyoudinfestthe tho hiv,the take e green stick and leg of Bonshy nd attar.afow‘Thisincheswil frou it, andthecover thie Bk withBesides Keep away ants. the ithhivetp, andbadeits capand thore should beud:a sort of shod, ends to givo “tional protection ia winter, though in ease euunmertha hives may bo bopt too hot, sad in that ‘eot Becomeof thesicklyhive andie tothe tacoproduce ight. Theor Stuation the soucat, atWest.any rato from andthe north and westthe Fromsitto thebe sheltered north always, f r u m the boa tothe very drysucces seasonof inthe summer conteibutos greatly beesthatfo [eo clear water note their home ia a thing fey oan conveniently drink out of for f they have groat way for drink they have nut much toiego'aft on n years at ; ts s u p o s e d that boos l i v e only any rateoveritetwobestyears novertokoop thebe wanted sum stal 9 ot Tuaily except tt cease theshould numberbe always of bivertakenThointheswarmautumn of ofthis Somer thoIhongynextie Gayear. if youanast save be thefed, bessand when thesaved l e n , thoy if they wel young dio of ones old-agewit betore thethe nextplacefalof aodthe thongh supply dicady tothing like a good swans put Sp during“A\gondthei the stallsummer. bees that istoto eaybashelvthe prodace ofwheat”ono, ‘Thoalwayscostof worth shout is nothing to tho laborer.of goodHe

‘ust be stupid countryman, indeed, who cannot Bako laxy ono, i€ BO all not hoo-bive, if he ean.end Tn a short, there indeed is nothing Dut there aroa taburag’ very fow san it ioneuro demanded, the ouhieyand where ‘may mot havo half a dozen stalls of bees to {ako every year, to Keepa faway insests, valoa_ ‘Thoand mainbirds,things and ero especially little bird called tho bec-bird, and to. keep all clean and coverings, Never andput feesh @ swarmas tointothean hives old hive, If was forGay hornets aznoy sou, watch them homo in the time, and balling water. in vie night kil thein by dre or by ‘The new Tialian boo ia more industrious than. the common bee, Tt has, too, a nrger proboscis, and can ack tho red clover. It is moro doolle than the common hee. ‘A now queen can be best jntroduced a ive in a stall cago of wire ‘gauze, with into about a hundred bees of her own lind, fr esp the may be pat in while unhatoed in the royal call

FARRIERY.

[Attention Rens 47, 468, 400, whi could wat bo Sued nr ie ete to Inertto valuaieasites hor, owing t iyupon inRane curing thea ment, tet ropeon pageassnton tay Tose)

Theof age Teaththeof horse a Horsehas forty teth— At fire yours twenty-four oldsove oftes jaw teath, UwelveteatMele oF front teth nnd or canine between {heths mare. maura and incisors,but uscally wanting in "AU birth only tho two nipperd oF mide in oar oldet tho ncisos ae all sible of tha“AL‘before frattno oP threo years the permanent nippera have seine"AL foe though gers areold outthe permanent dividers next to the nippers ‘At hve tho mouth ie perfet the yocond sat of teoth boving been completed.

Ae as the disappeared low waderfromthethoiper mppery allo tedit marly 0d ‘inished In the divine. a from the Atsevon tho inark hie diseppoared avers, and the next Leth, or comers, ae level though Showing the mane. “AY sight the mark gone from tho corners, sid the hors is suid to huabo aged. Alter this us,tbe Indeed good authorities say after Ave year fge of geadally a horse canchange only their be conjoturad.” Dut bthee {eth orm the iaciors coming rotnd, oval and then traglar, Dealers 105 sometimes Bishop tooth of old horse; that ia, coop thein out, to thefaitate the marke; but this an

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

1633 MACKENZIE'S the gonoral treatment and dressings to the sore bo known hy tho absence of the white edge of ‘used,IE theto part oF bandage Keep willthe allow lips ofa roller It together, this totaybo Bow atentoned should bo continued; and in the fnauiel which always surrounds t h e real murky by te shape of the teeth, and othor marks of age Tikewise the sides the animal, when andfe mayof fever, sf tho woundbo, employed; ft would for,Tassonby eupporting any pitt which the ouras of tho oure aout ce anita, red belicr proviien, taketho itchy occasion,” With ths teaturont the wound Hf th animal be feblo from When a Horse ie Unsound. ofofaMoodforersh originally, oxprolucel fri the by logthe eoutinu vften in a short time or ina few days, varcly {oes Any ofa flowing dfectaconstiatewnsond- heals ance stat, fans. sxeceding ive or siz, aud sooner hx the Young and ition attending tho wound, oF from weakness healthy than in the o l d and relaxed, aud seouer “Truzencty, ofall Kinds and dogrees. Diseases in the quiet and motionless than in’ the restless ‘rising from confinement, or connected ith organs.or eaturth, Cougls ofawhile inlthey sand active. feonsttation naturally,state,andveryA thopale wound apes onto a lany1 of tho fnterual ‘Cite {erin a stationary and abby ‘Should the wound be large and Inflammation, et! "“carhg; broken winds thick win theashaogobattershould food swith the dcharge af matter, likely to take place, Sieaay cages, tinge; megriaaetor staggers} be givenwithalong to n it;Onwithanddiscrgo, iftho stil no all bo proper, by gentlo means, to bring ie obsorved, Fonds farey sonvesad glanders; et; coment pavia theIL maydivided better foed, the wound near to situation eaeh other,by an to retain ind ringbunes; evlargenents of the ainews OF ther in theirpartsnatural nay bo trested somewhat ineans of a diferent feumaywhatbo Iigaments;eaterats advised,” ‘Tho ointment be sight. uo other defedts of thoeyen, bbundage. ‘This should not bo made too tight, but rudebeenmoreurea sialon, by adding to it somo resin

‘rely to stiwolant support thoopplsation, part, In thisthe way, aul wilby fad les boesas, or, wine would. be snore simu: fveiling wound. readily tans otherwiey and tho chanee inJaneverysti raresomecareomiion turpentine; for eeeanonlybo that oll of tarponting ffHeatanymoteblemishes falowing v be. i dished. l electbe of an alteration inthe moda Washes of pints brandy, and eo likey Hvar equiste."‘The ‘of Urontiont should particulary roared alia, ofsuchrine firtaing aad, casphor,tug pentin,are ‘timolants thoold bo iid aside, continued, or andn= frUghiy any, apint other applications according av may bo applied judged (the prowound, per. eisproper, andwouldsometites tales a fethyof reused, ting, constiates foro chtaging the dressage cle wath (ha endl est soc. emotiod habit by eurein. {tect Taam and perhaps mostly or boovine or beloro rendering thom more stualant and sontrmed Quilting, ul when'a Suds woundons fative by using heating applications th effect the called blouses,a hors.are: Sears, from bro- Esrere Jars‘Dest Slosee Soreerice and Bruise Sam y bindoging maya litle be Wied; for Srinlysumetiney by Keeping tho paris more tog, Over the mola sro or where th p a r t i e braised xensud Ices; eappo hocks, splints, bog-spaving fhe ware Ss promoted, ‘orpoultice whoro sald thero beie appli a tendency to supporaion, 8 throwghpiney loss of ote, from Mistors of Fuod and Reginen, largeinenofts the corerfrm ofMawthe aye. or euttng specks Eiidagcs The poultice cayand bekeptoudou ofby anyeee Kind Tn caso of sovero wounds attention should be Uratroae ofinpmedi necarrotbrim, ete.”breedThe inveey or of mashed pid 0 the condition of t h o animal im ather re‘Vices are: Itestivenes, shying, bolting, ranflowingHaehas bboon pects ‘There being always when sueh happens sing ancy, fiaioking, rearing, weating oFquidingy io¥log {una taal as oxen poulicos Undeneyend tofatally, violent means faautnation andemployed fever thatto {obeat sds to side stringhalt, Tits pour on a nulleledt quantity of bllng i f may should be ‘ppg the halter. vwstert tke thin pasto; to'this ad of nse Ioderato both, ‘the apartment shoslshould be goalnot andbe ‘Wonnde in Horse or Cattle consistence” proper a i give to enough Powder bey, and so quit that tho anisal When hors estilo, o any of our domestio ane ‘Tho poultice maylunges, be heptif necrsary, on for a werk oF teaIt istabed the driok should nat be wary but Iinale ave woutod, the tresunent aay Vo very dayor or oven changing father cold, and t's given 'ine; frely, thovgh ht tn oo pi and tachimproper the eaeto afollow inthea practice hutan rac ‘nve’or vie a day, and cleaning the wound, when Here geanlis the tod qualshoal be ei eztromely that by masking ft by means syaviogly given, ul of a lighter i t y than 4sfisier,comaunumetoctura, im may andFars oven of thoshepborda=thut country amen thoof 'voftpoulticerag ts orreared, linen eli,sposgeswith arewitertoo uotroo morefor oust, and'shouid be sutier saceuient und Inaa han ood warm (omo live, thanmay‘deybe orerployed, apt to. ether producegenerally cstivence, sore Uno Sato pling or woud, tho to Capping Ue purposs; 0 where the wound i e deep, Bleeding ftomby ort, iro} powder ofaa Liue saltSa'spiits, contion witel ay i injected inte by u tyre i i n , or in tome ease, when ites be done, Urare eloths dipped brandy, run, et Under eo clea it rom the bottom, eeepi frou ths Supra he cate Ue‘such farpentng,very mcs or anyerease sthor stalant seislesy for atzo (though ast will eldou bo requis the thepai and by Ointment, er found convenient), Laxative mllicines also {dung the dor, ay Ineroae fatumnaation, In the course of a fow days, when the wound, Sught to bo given and repeated we Wiero sa0y be yen to tho Teagth of inducing mortifeation, by caro and proper manngemeut with the oul. Though the treatueat mayostbo varied. according ties, hegine (u put on a healthy appeirance, and {0Ssficlent eieuustance, jel, i caves it may be ecto to bloody, be clean thenand. there of a mayreddiel. color, 108aa ‘These aro swellingsAbscenser matter, that to tke sotce af the Cllowing particu. Diack oF bo applied make their appearance ia diferent ot tho itrie ntas Teautwil bethe proper to ash away anpartial y foal intent mado tallow, linseed oil, Lecswax, Dody. ‘The remedies are, to wash the parts swollen part par und to exame ‘tu hogs’ Tned, in such proportions aa to make Ie rth e quart of vinegar in whish are disalved Wereondito Ta atyp the Bleeding. Of a consltonce somewhat: Armer than Lutter tro ounes of sal smoniae and batt an ones of ‘Tho ointineat on some soft never clean, ugar of lead, If tho sweling does not bute in aud when should appliedbo tospread tho sore it ought Should any large bloodvessel bo eut, and di ‘tow, to'be tod. bard upon it (which ie Wome too free two or three days, apply tho suppurating poultice charging bo right toeomprestion stop it, by ‘quently aud very improperly), but only fixed by When the tamor becomes tft and points, open i uuu Tine coploasty, ot sponge, {twillwith moderate bandage of a proper length ‘and breadth (for & rth frOf baosagings tthe same tite, and not taking i wad often. fet ont the matte Sen dren for two or thre says. Should the pressice snare curd is tent hupruper), ro close and te wth laneet Baiton failof eft, cxustic applications, such us the lunar urelyas to Keep it from sipping of. ‘This appli Anbury oF Wart ‘ation may be changed onee a day, or, when nearly ‘ati, the avtualhosted, cautery, oai thastrong elk, oFwar,tro tightening of threo horse-halr, {hick wre,ur oven eufclently may thebe point ted; of0,& well and discharging Dut litle onee ia (wo days. neck ofthe it gdually Wemaurgen beat Land, tho veseol may be taken UH tlsaray Then ip pias 106 ftv alae up by the eronkeed needle, with waxed thread, aud ‘ater aud b i d ston Wo spot for a whole d Green Ointment for Wound, tea tied. Adhesive Plaster and Seeing. eal te sore with the green vintnents into a woll-glazed Balls for Horses ‘Whore there is no danger of excessive bleoding, of Putbeeswaxs melt it overscarthen olear vessel Bre and2 ounes add nd a mere division of the parts, ora deop gas ounces of resin won that ie melted, putin half ‘These should always bo made freeh for using, traf, i will be byright to adjust part, andaulhesive keop pound lard; to this put 4" ouneet of lest tey become ‘hey should fea be abuttne thom togsther a etrip of uny thecounuon {arpentine;of hogs" Keep stirring all the time with weleun Ahrecelghthe of antoonehharksin diamond plasters ut, when this Will wot do by itself tho Siok or wooden spatula.” When all ir well mixed, anda Wal to fou inches long. ‘tir in L ounce of Sucly powdered vendigris. De Infloned Blader, fareful it does not boil over, Strain ie through a Make drink largely of faxsoed tea, foarso cloth, and preserve it in a gallipot, “This barley or thevice animal water, or any tucllaginows liquid Sintiment is Yory good for old and rovent wounds, ‘hd inject» portion of the enue. frequently, ‘whether in “flesh or hoot; also galled’ backs, Bleedingnovris somtimes unefuhandm dose of castor tracked heel, mallenders, sallenders, bites, broken itis totho be fulowing omitted. DallAftereverythe alts ol hus hours ope. nees, ete. fated, give [part swells so such that itis dient to get thew Treatment, according to Appearance of the Part. Powdered nitro, half am “ounes}” camphor Ext and drawn vst without giving pain und doing ‘When the wounded part boginw to discharge a Urachans Uquorie powder, 3 draohiney Menoy foie ages whitish, thio matter, and fs observed Co fll‘up, flclent tofora the bal .” Should the aay or may not oosasion un‘The following founutoess, according’ to the ato or degres. fa twhich exist; ‘Cornswind-gala,eribbiting oplints, thrushes, bogpaving, they“throughpinn, Furbowith unsoundngss ‘horse hasine Worked then fur soweuslessmouthsthe without

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 not relieve the animal, omit the half, and give Adachi of opiuin twiee « day. Dog Spavi ‘This is an entargement of the from hock-joint, id, common in Young horses, Violent ex-with of the ate th eweling, and ofrabhardall roundip outside of thefomswelling with u piece ‘rowa soap, thon apply to the swelling a blister rae of the following Diistering Ointment. contharides, with four times its weight of ‘live oi, may bo used, instead of the ointient, ‘should Ue dessedsrith sist”

1634 MACKENZIE 'S snd small; lege vd cars cold; profuse sweate; able Purge waria, with eastor aud linseed oi aeitene te: ‘ortiestion and death, ‘The second species of tho dicorder Is when the smefone Indammation attacks tho internal coat of the i n Symptoiia—The horso raises bishaelheadbs higher testines, and iv generally accompanied lyx vio- thom uaval nal pricks upocthwate eee Tent urging anil tome fever-—the symptoms of n e c k stiff and limovatte, skin tight, le eave the Iatter, hewover, aro much less violent, nor in esiruddling postaro, pants lad ecaihes with oe the animal appear to bo in so much pain. ditloulty. Frakes, Cure—Meed imbigh, if bie strength will permit it and is puts te ese Kindsthon rcenot or peritne To thoacsft iach , the onlyaH You avert Unsi brepeanyryoteset aeptnto cat alindar bo zernation Meghigg uf worm, addition to this rub the whole belly well with the P4sue

Bone Spasin. ‘This mey be treated ike tho formers iti, bow ever feeraly toute, Thea. optalon ofTaerer fing (ile ehould bo: dono by profssol hd turningof rola to grass, ford te duly‘ rotons hancot ‘The Inneness diseaso withof thegroshockelerty. ie poculiats the lib inboingtia drawa Lote Several kinds of wort Safest the sid Lowesinterof horaca, ‘Tho bot infeste the shomash tings reddish observ wor, withInthe& duns Iara Hod,‘Tho ti andtrunchton may small, befrequently i shore and thnk, whore with alae: Jah‘ret head roti, and is found theta, sf aul i sometine pierode through, aad {hua ‘Thois manworm many a Sne hove destroyed, is offroma palotwo relto color, rexein= biog an eurth.worm, thees fushes Tong oosupying, alo, the soa Tui isto ainrelieveterethe animal Unto ala inethat e044 aneto ‘Symptoms of Worma in Horses, done for Stamping forebly onthe ground withat hiseitherbellyof tenable him to perform a day's work, ‘To de this ‘orevfeat and frequenty striking the following With ts hind oned Sel y projecting and hard — make Paste-Ball for Broken-Winded Horect, Tooking i'n gloat frequently pain, bebind hia, aad gromsing aa ‘Hdachaaaylintoad ounces;Lotepowdered auills, % Auatetida, pontton 1M, 2 Remedtes for Worms, chase powder | onnoes honey, ae sith ‘Keep tho horse from all kinds of food for ono and give one wormingand evening. Much hone: aay; at night giv hin a small quantity of warn wayert result otfromthe bleeding at un Ut ashy miedo as usualy and direeUy alter, « FitSeay conteftin this te dsorior tiooior at ‘all wnado of 1 aeraple107of exlomel, 1 soruple of tarpeth much erat of brea give and hotly as roineral, will formsud'astho mass. Next evening Lim a pict of castor, anil balf a pint of nsced Gil. The anizoal is then to be fl usual for to frplovel three days, and the tame plan again to bo etme Tu theUntsfall,tonywhenoftenthe behorses taken them from grass, expelletave fiat by giving Frine (Fur or flve ounces of salt to ono quart at atu) following a dreneh of swastened talk. 0 Of turpentine ie sleo a powerful vernifuges Give fomees may be given ia a pint of geucl, Easting fretlously. An alioat cere eure forte fe the os vuuea, ealled vulgarly dugsbutions. Tasp tho whole of ono of the: nule, and pour upon it& pint of boiling water, Let # ovol fo bloed-hent, Bnd then drench the horse with avin, halt an hour botvro, Wed bin it;in the mnt,abut50 {hat wouldtheswallow Mod, which Wworaishe into stouachhe feu the mucousdratentho brane, into which they fasten themselves Tutammation of the Bove ‘This not very common, but when it oes ocenr Aangorous,disorr je of two kinds, Tho Sppetite din down, ris he fiewcountenance fore tofeet; Paving withloksteround fddenly, his Danks Strongly expressive of pain urine small, high olor and voided with great pain; pulse quick

the treatme

for them.

recomm

ended nt Cong ‘cute in ltt cn Seed e ily nboutFeshscepaui ie t andif poa tenettinsevers! Takoflowinquart of Heed trots Soinek th nes,y and sat give the them ptting belly the'bes {Prete g fore Gogh generales? he Dosesaad tee serng omntinent ofA esior lly Tyeitan ounce Batt ene bal an bone a ar'Victo nM bles give aii half an one Veins o dtl.e ounso f eegroeeeneederedort Aigdy wierae artige Fae ser be tn enaee ieal umes tn apain Binplentyiegnof ithcleantho hand well and too Wat he baw grado acy eee eens nite fresh liter. 'If in eix andhoursthouthe Sad remedy costivoncee by castes sth L hit gat, relieved not {ten , ,eedrope et it out wth w sharp lite sil anitely Leb the farierea eu thom eontisun {he contivne ss Fee Tn ere the ee Should theathey withshown nopaecdyn on to egrowaed agate, e e cont fast vitro orenust of et dupocti igre inuree touch tae hada sraso entta showing in cael Le green citient speciesto ofunltat tsar, Th thenat cceond rons 08. the ear et Wess ajinpe Hotthesto vith the faleceding rosie be noel Be use lttho the horeo andwary, Clathe fresiy, Mish. temaron ee the oni eubroca usted l, tion anda inthe thoback sprain, from Swe 8 ,,TH458 ( Wotle a of mesos i by frequen hin b Give e lli tly, ng, in curb "Caateci Keck. the of Dart YO"ST or groe thin very of qlante i) dri nor Stil zs nk n ppply tho blistering ointeonethe REBe down oF itodinmid in spite ofthis, Aaxeecd cinfmenordle fl se eipetary ifthethatdisea atyne tinue useton.the Tir t Cracked Mele Sriggent draught. The. pain ooeasoned by errots or tarnips bed with parts the Poultie | of clysters large by rlioved bo ito Phyeic king 508 epine pate ie hada Goud INR fvacuatious and 2 thom with or fourmixedtines,withthen anoint tof,llowthreobasilcon Broken, Wied. Hille groen oiat

2ORY Dal

erat

a

ee

The Gripes ‘As soon a9 the disease is observed, give tho ight below, and w elyster compose of 8 0 _soinmon rail i six quarts of water reel oF wart pain wilh quick pule greatof Uood, thoro isquart "ater.noeayLf threo take ‘The blly should hyo wall rabbed with the mustard or other sim U6 exbrovation, If no role is obtained in {2 should hours ropent the falldrauzitgive himaand pint embrocation, and oven this Pe ereteor turmipa, The ing, ont; centeneree ell with ono and a half ouneor of intuanuay.of eastIf Berea aru Bein acl etek net castor oll cannot be had a pint uni quarter of seed oil may be used. sand always sprinkled with clean, sft water, Draught for Gripes Broken Knows,

Apply a poultice of trea anit silk or Ureud and watertowithreluee the fnlauuation then ‘ress waren the wound basticun. Burns or Sead IF stight, apply i€ extensive, fa Tinimont iuado of coldequaloadpartswatersof finsced Taso water. If theres mel fever, blew fl sud Conter. ‘Cut uwap freaty all tho diseased parts and if necessary dra the frogs, then apply the ‘Liuiweut for Canker. ‘Warm 6 ounces of tas ins with i op yr drop on by measure of ol af vitro then nll 1 oe etoil of turpentine, ‘Mind thi Bey on the past Aestcoying the diseased rotiberaaces with ti eet1a"lu dua eaustie. allWhen the woutd looks heslthy, wide the gece ointment. Chapped Hocks, If tho selling from a bruise or a blow, bathe it tres or proveed four doles day with gui vinoger mae wari. If it threaten wbyerrs,salt apply the suppurating poultice, and when matic te formed tet it out hen bar use the groen vinuneut. Take quart of Mec tom the nes, thon give warn mashes with a sernple oF nites in thet

ein of nitous ater hall tunes tine ater pint. Affe for one dese, : “Another.—Allsics, bruise, } pound; brandy, 2 quar "Dose, 2 to 4 ounces, in water, ale,of mint fea Diabetes ‘This disorder, which consits in an involuntary Aischargo of he urine, whieh is pa wid thin fee quently proves fatal. "Mo treat it, give tho follow hag Ball for Disb Peruvian bare 4 drechins, gn 1 drach, if ost ater it a give m pat of or oll, Repeat if necessary. Bye Inflammation of the by teatned sying wilt n inueat the eyehideis oftenof thecuredupper dwt brow, ant the distended veel of tie oye ftw It fs to be remombered that la Creating 9m inflammation of this important orn, we should proceed daboring peecively under the ns raveif ireating complainto hun and keepLslgthe aniual on chort allowance, prevent cosivences, kegp reness tho steleor weakness cool un dase of tho eye is cured hy Sieg fom the neck and using the flowing Byeswater

1635 MACKENZIE'S bale. Mister his ses, rowel tho chest, and give hock jot, drachms 3 put water of ‘To 1of quart the following ball, whioh iv to beis eonstdera taken’ morning white of draching orIntiOvo. atte Staggers Tent ager ‘nd evening uatit the staling the of pour and Gissived {Won for use. A dcop aay bo pat into aaah oye creased; one a day will then bo eulfeient. Gr tagger, tigbeaioynama:ney med rv often rer hoc oF inansuation of t b e ITguor tr bran mashes should be the food. Tile timc a day with a fethor. of Paly af the stomachtho staggers sr dpileey, and The Bail te very Wilent; aol afected. in arethee Film or Cataract Slotach. Bleed altro 6 drachios; camphor drachma Seung horees tot froquently operationtoyby ‘as Powdered thie bat ofan washes, remedyisu for varity is no shore ‘Thora attended fe Segrine treatment. svat tthe and Unsced oil ws wil form the Tog hurgovu, od by rarious authors, Dut they aro hall;anuchor, asyrup afeooumend lasting adfor confusion, feeding and Moderate drachin of tartar emetic, §drachine uf bythe agns of at vertigo tne, mites nitre and t drach of digitalis. he Slane Farey. Malloudere. geverally proceeds from datension of he in small hard knots, ‘This ia @ soabby eruption in the bend of the scgger ‘This aleease commences indigestible food, especially when ‘Rotiach genorally Feneo-joimt causing lameness, Wash the cracks the horse iswith othorwiso wocrous, soft andvessels becouseIymphatie which soonon the in a bad gendition, ‘The extending and twelfth warm #op-#uds and a sponge, and then Ttuated eat ob glanthe in onds unfrequently ‘with the vulnorary water twice every day; wip fapwends, Tt not the parte dry and apply the citrine ointment, or ders. Cure for Farey. feand water, utedfe‘white Toad earate. Bange, insid the touch and Open the werawith powdored -vordig for Staggers. ‘This ia a Kind of itch. Wash with coap-sude BaradoesoeDrenchdrach} “slightly eiges enamelwater tino 2 drab sun tho hair pencil. At arsenio 8 g ‘cans of a ettol'sball: ciLof popper 20 dropes 109 warm 1 pint White the fullowing ive Ainctufo of eardanions 2 ounces,” Mix" for one snd porge with eastor andof, andrepeatedly. and folpiurindulonttreely then apply 6 grains, powderedvebicle strong Er corresive subliunto tose Heed the other or any tniaed with four or bread Another, the Horse wal, and work him moderately. with molasses, Keep that vill form aixball chopped Common rat 4 ouneey; ginger 2 drachms carhis with carrots ‘warm, fnimal or Dyrentery. ball Bleed andMoltenpurge Greare Sonata of toda ounces water T quart day and give similarAttend hunches, "Tutefuit onograins moderately, feedback regularly on of opium toit, warm diminished ellowanco, it purge add 10vleers; wash and to rag aa ‘Stra, them with fonstautly to tho large injections. To whatever part of the body orfthis acident oote: soap-ruds, and keop the animalby himtslf—It the Pollet, curs the toate shouldbe set o disenee geins tho nostrils and head, and becomes ‘This is a ewoling of the back of tho head from Tal leling end purging tl the intamnation ‘landers thero is uo remedy. bruise.tunot,Bringby thethe suppurating when any * stimulating . eiabroation te swelling to a poultice head, aawhisk any Teduce, filer be used, 4 Grease, as followss ns P Swrangury. discharge fom the Setmade ‘This is @ white offensive part Take away a quart of bivod and throw up a well withbe wari Suppurating Povitice the jn ofthe heels. day,Wash laxative elystor: then give one ounco of saltpetce great swelling the if and twice a toap-auds ‘Take four handeful of bran and three middling and ono fvidounce of sweet spirits of uitre in a tho sores are inacleansed ‘pply a poultice toi,rag whenor feather sized turnips, boil them till sof, beat them well pint af water dipped sola~ {together} touch them with then bil then again ia anil toe thiek Strangtee. tion of ebloride of zinc, 1 grain to the ounco of poultice, alding to it 2 ounces of l i n s e d and half ‘This is Lnown by a awelling between the jamwater, pound of hogs Taed, Poundered Feet. Done aad the root of a Targo ti Quitor. ‘mor appear under the thejaw, tongue. apply theTf euppurating ‘This is known by tho contraction of thethan hoof, ifollowed a sovoms after bruiegby ofsuppuration. the coronet by Make the poultice. When it is vipe open ie, squecse out the the otterQuittor considerably sinallerthe ground whieh will appear horso foot and offapply a waria poultice. In w and few days touches just Sound theone.toe ofhethe foundered foot on account of ‘2 opening forthe matter to descend from all the ‘utter twill ron Olve warm bran saashes geu‘with Belghboring sinuses. Keop tho parts well oleaned te exerese, you that way a tottering fond stand overin suoh with slausea, warm soap-suis, with your hand him Inay’thove Take It there thenbe ainject eure, alum touchwater it. withinto Remove tho shoe Thrush. from the {ho off all the ragged off tha shoo, heed frealy Gare austic; whion this iv discharged dress with the parts co as to exposeandtheparodicated tus. thigh vein, and purge twoand orthothreo Breen olutinent. Ring Bove leaning the frog nicely apply a solutionpartesof after blue parts ele the aie clase trimmed Vitro}, and stortly after pour some melted tar Hoof. bound I rooont, Mister the parts if an old aestion, Sintmeat into the elft of tho f r o g , and cover ite Cat down soveral lines fom the coronet to reedurve mist be had to ring. ‘whole surface with tow foaked in the same, aud tho cute ithand ton the tow a Mat pieoe of wood about the width of Sand-Crack. {allowtoe andall round soap the moof ixed. Takoand ofBll thothe shoee the frog, one of its ends passing Uuder the toe of Removeof thethe injurshoe a n d . ascertain carefully the (Gt you cen epare him) turn the ania ito'« wet fexteat tho shoe, the othor extending tothe hack part of y j If the below, eruck andbe superbe, Ineatlow, rhere hit feot wil be kept moist. Never Sie with tho counposition tho frog and bound aredownplacedby crossunder pieses of Wood, the remove the solo nor burn the lines dow, as this {oot cool and tuiat” If the orack baa Meap the ends of whieh the shoe.” Re extended peat the dressing nereases the ovil Lampas every day. tofishythe sonsible para, and you eanknifesee mnremove.fungusthe with. small drawing. Vives. ‘This consits in a swelling of the first bar of tho gee Of tho cracked hora that press upoa it upper Tels cured wellingof {Touah ‘tho fungus with caustie, dp over a roll of tbe tow {io oF palate, thres times @ day bywithrubbing half anthe ounco or linen ia tar and bind it Srmly nd thesamo quantity of double refined sugar fot or is untilto bothekeptlameness in-a broniw poulic fora"A fixed with a litle honey. Ia young horses it trholo Tow dase, Temoveds toe may thea bo put on, sos not to pross om the th sed part. plegetwith of the”tow compasition, nay now Ve removed, the erack‘Tho filed fd tho aniunal turned into some soft meadow. has killed many fine horses. To hegia the eure Wind at. Composition for Sand-Crack. give bina the fulowing ‘Then sellings eppear sidedangers ofthe back Beeswax 4 ounces; yellow tallow rosin or2 ounces; com- sinew above. the Tosi, on each Ie i s mon turpentine 1 ounce; suet ounce. Mild Purging Batt Tunelare thoincerablo sis sometniy dunes as 8 ay Rhubarb in powder magnesiaT drachtn. half an ‘To bo melted together. Trotuce ws lemenees ‘Tight bandages cunco calomel Tsorupla;1 ounce; ollef aniseed {nd mcatening the pats fequanti tho ‘up a ball with honey and liquorice powder iy WiyoatsnenSiftnn Cae Gt toluion of sal ammoning i vinogee muy do some Next horse On1 fuidounco laud- rallle “TALS held ef thea with npalot pincers co. fmm in day give plot ofthewator. the third dayof repeat thdrteect dhe out edleaiyg Vote tae20 paboi rt behing, © Wound, {ho dreteh until the animal is wal. tl ge gatos” Dees atk ach ales lik owt inhumanthi eutjet for the Inflanmation of the Lung thetpten dscns ‘Satter reatnont o f wound inthe ood the animal copiously a4 soon ae the come Mrktly topastor bores.oinet"As bein uset splefhecuteedgesewer, plaint is perceived, and repeat it in six houreif ishing Roquirthosume reattent a mallenders which The fever, quickness of Dreetbing, ete, do not sca iy dar only boing st the bond ofthe ‘round sould be neatly atehed togethes. afMuchthe THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ean bo done also by the judicious application of pursuin Fatal practices in these cnses, either by eutting off » part thut ‘appears to be partly tora from its connection, oF

SySane wing tilting pen thet aee eet tier ov fl" a estocto'nun fe ne ek teapots ane eyaiyse cee fein tileat yo raping. Red ovr Berle E t o n ota “ett td yeaa bs low how pr

Dueding tu Genera, Bieelingi often the mostfa. waeful andote,effectous mean of curing diseases horees In frstine ammatory afstions i is generally. tho. Fonedy reverted to, and ita Dutfumediate walatary ties are ohn surpicing. iisoften abusedor iybeing practi where 1 is not required Whore. done tho animal is tooor tooweak oftento bear i orguiseby Tring too largaly inthe cou Ueber teapotHleotiog. tat ll di nse or enter o f dionecerequie ‘When itis necessary to lneenopen thethewhol quanoF tity of blood inthe syst, Jopulae hcek velo.in iIf cononieaty tho indasacation is ToeayfomBleodte whorl done the part afestod, or nis vein visiny, as thighby opening the Dito el, superial ofthe or teape™ fabartria Tn fevers ofattacks all kindsany intaporant the hort,organ,and atthe when Jndnmation rain ner, eye, linge, stomach, eof Jatestiney livery us, eye es, tluding th greatest He iaunaher the qunatiy ofth blood fa the Hedy; and by tis moans proven bal consequences ‘of{akonndatumation.ho toquantity ofze,blood tobe varios necording the ajo, condition, and conetiation of tho horse, ed ungency of the: Ee n s tenn omgene a largebo strong Ror, furor six quarts vel seit this tay bo te peated in ouster quanti sf symptoms lemon Te‘iargeTho rico ood, rondo im these diseasevein. Aucthonteow from inthe should hever be sufored to ileed upon the ground, hit Jnto'e measure inorder tathorse,th ale,proper quasi aay bo taken, Young, whilecometab ding thelr teat, have Someries mich iota afections rian itiich bleding relieves. But ‘hes Very fevers raraly nessecury toor bleed to‘urls tho same extent asin tej two generally sulle to be taken bay tree

Fullness of Wood. Moderate bleeding, as from fo three of four ‘quarts, is also used ronove two fullness of babi mp-of plethora, attended with slight indaminatory foms. tn this easo the ayes appear heavy, dull red oF Snflamo, frequently local as if asleep; the polis small nd opprestod; the heat of the boay Somewhat inereased} tho lege swell; the hae also ube Horsesaadthat grase andto ‘warmof stable, full arefol romoved on hay andfrom corn, ‘ot eufictently exercized, aro very suljoct to one formoreof foodof those Regulating {ity given symptom. to lim, proper exerese,theandquat-oe. easional lavatives, as the following powder, will beDieeding, commonly found suficient™ the frstIn and operation of am aloctiealterpurge. light affections of this kind, « brisk’ purge will foften alone be suffcien Luzative and Diaphoretic Powder. ‘Take of nitre, oream of tartar, and dower of sulphut, of enob, 4 oumoes, Powter ond mix thom wall together for wee, One night tablespoonful of thie mixture may besoulded given and morning, in ad much bran, ora feod of corn moistened with water, that the powders may adhere thereto ‘This powder will be found exedlont for such horses as are orkepttravelon dry in the sable, on thefood,real;whether also forthoy dalebe

1636 MACKENZIE'S lions year, as they not only. Ist this ball bo given to the horse about two Keep inthe thebodyspringcuol of andthe epen, Dut euveo after bleeding; aud in sie hours after giv cast his coat, and make bis skin appear as himbrightto hours ng hina the ball, le him have the fllowing silk, Purgeuice Drink. Purging. ‘Take of Bpsom ounces; nitro, # aa Tn obstinate groasp nnd awelings of the legs, ounce; coarse sugar,salts,two 4 tablespoonsful.” Dis accompanied ‘with fanenesh of the Joint, dry folve them in a quart of gruel; then add ough, worm diveanee of the skin, frey, apo. ‘uncos of eastir gi” Blix, and give it while now-10 leay or staggers alfeatons of the liver, end. ‘ilk warm. fra of inthis bos After the frst ball is given the aloes may bo al other purgesdisesen are of treat tho greatest Jefe out,a dayand (one then inchetheballmorning and drinkand may beotter givenin Purge; destroy worms; generally i ence the raring; the aki,causelive, and other ‘the eveuiag), until a proper passage be obtained, Viegera in operate a peculinespon wauner; a health Powerful Misture for Fevers ‘ction in these paray and reiove many complaints iaeident to tho horse, Great chroaie If tho fever still continueto increase It will bo caution is necossary blood from him, and litle moreto the lest the horse hen fake a recourso to have proper {ako colds Theduringwatertheirgivenoperation, to following iaver his inst be warty And‘orteswhen that exercised ho should bo properly clothed, power: of tartar emetic, 1 ounco; caleined har on dey food, and are fll horn,‘Tako Launee,. fed with litle areor kept a mortarfor no exeroi, require regular toafine powders Bfix,thenandputgrindthemthomin ain bottle tging every six months. uso; twoudrachis of these powders aro a proper Zo prepare Horses for Phy fur a horse. Previously to administering « purge, the bod Aloo‘A dose of thistwicepowder, witimed th one aounee of anitro, shguld be prepared, i z may be given or tee day in ‘The proper of preparing a horse for of warut gruel, or bo modo into a ball with on.pint physio fs to givemethod threo mashes of the ftorvo of rosce,” If the fever be violent, and the featded bran and himoats twoand orwarts water, for three ng state, # nu ounce of tineturo of rfour days together. Ls wll soften the feces, opiam may be added to each dose of powders fad promote tho operation of the medicine. Drink for an Inyfonnatory Fever. {Pelton purge ho given ta Raae of covBuk abit, without proparation, it will prubably oc ‘Tako of tarter ematis, 1 deaehm; camphor, 1 sionOften& violent sndammation, y, ‘deychia. rubbed into powder, with a few drops of the bren mashes ‘pinto will move. tho bowels ruflcently,

without other physie. he oush is tuado Uy pouring freshaired, eweut bra n'a palo that bollingwateton tho mixture, when Ve efabsat the consistence of a safe poulie, may Pargatve Lalla for Hover, ‘Tako of Barbudoed slog, TE ounces; Castile ‘soap, 1H ouncss; powder syrupy ginger,w 14auficlont ounces;quanoll of aniseed, 5 drachios; tity to make 6 balls, exch of whe is 2 dose. Drink to check Over-purying ‘Tako of prepared chalie, ginger, and anieceds, in power, each 1 ounce; essential ol of peppe int, 19 drops; retied spirit Wine, ¥an oe, Mix the whole fa pint sed gruc, and give it anda alfof warm line ‘Tako of prepared “Another 2 ounces; aniceds, and caraway seeds, inhall, povdon, euch, uence? piu, 4 drachm,” Mix, and g i v e itia a pincof Ainseod gruel. “Astringent Drins after Loovenese continue, aNerne thethreabove drink ‘hasIf eothe loosoness dasnisteral fortwo following astringent deink may bo givendays the of pomegranate shell, powder, and prepared‘Tako testtceous eich, T ounces Dovers Powers, nd yiogerpowder, powdered, eash 2ndzach Bix and give n e iat of wara gruel, repeat ‘ied day. Cough Drink. Tako of Barbadoct tur and gui ammoniae, cach, 1 ounce. Incoeporate thein with the yolk St'ah. then ad, nitro 1 ounce} inxer half fan ounce;ogg, tincture of apiuus T ounce.” Alte theta together. mixedie inin thea pint warmTot alothis ofdrink Iinsoodbo gradually ‘ea, and’ give moraof ing fasting let the horso stand without food for ‘bro hours after, then give him a ash of sealded wt

frit hours, tn or threo times a day, ina pinteveryof four water-gruel Purging Ball for Jaundice, ‘Take of Burbadocs alas, from 4 to 8 drachme; antinenial end Castilo 2white deuchwa; calomel,powder 1 deachin, Mix, soup, and cach, bent thom into ball with a sufioient quantity of ayrup of ‘The buckthorn. lorso should have a couplo of mashes the ‘ayan, before this ball is given, by way preparathe and the ball should be given offasting. ‘moraing for twobran hours after, then forewing; give blin @letmashhim of fastsealded and fats with waran water, and treat ua Tn tho eatno fsnnoe a for other physio, Heatorative Balle after Sawlice, ‘Take of gentian and careveayginger, secs 6 indrachun; powder, of each 8 Gunces; powered Castile foros intosoap,Bale,1} outees; and honey’ sullelent to ‘Ono of these balls should be given overy other day for sowe timo. Pectoral Balle for Broken Wise ‘Take of tar, Venice Castile sap,Barbadoos each 2 ounces; equi,turpentine, in powder,and1 founeo. Ieut them well together; then add nite, 2 ounces; aniseods und caraway Seeds Sresh pow dored, each L ounce, Beat theit nto bbmey and Hquoriee powder, and divide massinto withtea Valle

“Atuerative Dale for Surf Songs te ‘Tako of sndprecipitatl sulphur of antimony, gootian roo, socotrine aloes, enh 1 ounce ng 2 order; altro, 2 ounces; calvin, in pomder, Urasbusg, "Bf, andor teasl. snake thomash Sotoball@ (amassweighfor Wale with honey oguse and a willhalk bo found sometimes useful ia ‘howe Valls bran warm or mater, diseases; auch legs,ad surfeit hideboud, ange, four Une”Rapet orery rmany reas or swell lamenote of tho jin, fortes Olbee andiow,oatsFeverand Silt grease, inlanation of the eyes) amd, Bal for Hore indeed, nal lingering and vbstina dion tavtavinedaire antand ‘Ono ball nay’ be given every other morning or « antinonial eachjowden eke anof comer, among T drach aonWil2 vwosk together. ‘SongBiseiand3 druchins;,Durbadoes Earl bal a ita thet beat Sache, uringont Ball for Pinfuee Stating tyrapot buckthorn. Tako of galls fa fino powder, drachiiss Pox

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 avian bark, 4 ounce. Mako into a ball with honey of treacle. TE Will bo proper to repeat this bal every mornIng, and if theanddisease an morning, continueis obstinate, until te everyurine uight fe die fibished to about its natural quantity. Restorative Balls for Profuse Stating. ‘Take of geatian roat, in powder, $ an ounee; ginger, powdered, 2 drachurs; alum, 1 druchiny treacle, sudicient to make into bull Mereuriat Bal for Worm, ‘oko of calomel. and “Castile soap, each 1 Arachin; powder, 4am ounce. Bent ‘hem infoswormsced, all with in syrup of buekthora "This ball should bo given at night, and the fo Jowing drink, or purging bal, tho next moraing? Drivk for Worms, ‘Tako of toBerhadoes fron 8 to 6wormseed drachons (according thet size alos, an’ strength); fnd gentian in power, each }an eunce} earaway seeds, 1 otace.of worm Mix, snd. andgive repent in a int fnegpoveder,deastin {n about four or five days; but omit giving the sereural bil after tho het tipo, Oe Paging Balt forthe Worms ‘Tako of Barbailoes alocs, § drachms: ginger, Castile soap, and oll of eavio, each 2 drach; syrup ball. of buekithora, sulfeiont to make them into "This purge is calculated fora strong horse; but ittmay bo mado weakr by lessening the quantity ofSufioient aloes toafter 6 or a T merourial drach ball. which'The arehorse , in genoral, shonld Ihave moshes, warm water, and proper exeroise. Stomach Drink after the Expulvion of the Worms. ‘Tako of aromatio spirit of ammonia and sweot spite of nitro, each 1 ounces gentian.to0ty in poder, 1} ounees; Peruvian bark snl ices piers, InMixpowder, each jo} anthreo ounce;intehorseof ale, spice,and2 oan the wWholo divh into threo pers, and give ono every morning fasting. ‘Two howe after gite Wim a mach ond warm water. ‘Tho.a virtues" of this driuk deserve the Highest commendation in restoring those lo which havedicase; been astuckin lowness reduced.of bysprite, sumedebility long Continued tnd relaxation ofthe solids, aloss of appetite, and for such also na are override, either ia the elt or on the road. Clyster for Conenteione, ‘Tako of linseed “and valerian root, cach 4 ounces; boil them in 3 quarta uf water to 4 pints} fd Bpeom salts, 4 ounces; assafitida, 3 vance; pinay 2 drachins. “Dissolep the whole in the above while hot, and apply it ew milk-warm. 112 ‘This'a a most powerful elyster inwithall disorders of the intestines, that are attended pans and Sonvusins or spasm fh tho pats sh as 8 Violent attack af the celle, proscoding from ah ‘Obstruction in the urinary padeage, To cure Gripes in Hore ‘This disorder by dierentaa Fret,names 3 disrits of thgoescountry; from in thedifun ness attending bots, fromor worms, its beingeto.thought tovarise from theseit; antinals The animal locks dull and rejests his food; beoomes eatloss and uneasy, frequently pawingy vols hie fxeremente small asqanttien ries orto tales looks inround, if towards wnhis often own dank the soon appearsnuddenly to get worse, oftenseatlyingof complaint; dow, und sometines ¥sing: Up, or at times trying to oll, oven in tho stable, ‘ete, As the disorder goes on the pain becomes ‘more is Violent, le appears at about Kicks belly, groan elle more often, resteas or tumbles swith of greatmoisturo agitation; Yerish,otherand marks hus a cold at the became foote of hisfe fenrs ad about his flanks, and when bo les at rest

1637

ile space wihbeginsaettto oreo porpir lnstrongly, and to Begcovefd rite inmostor ofcasostho ofpresence ordinary of gripes signs of inatathe tence wit conbnot Dowel, aof partit ofthe discs,a frjet meraseto occurwih it andonsttate ‘The rwoval eherefore the attention of ost grooms fas been in cia dogros divested; and as team fee quently hethe gotpowerfl rl af, action and theuf thedisease sure, eoby reiting Intvtines, sl ood no.stiulating medlines areafforded bad recourto {o,Someand, doubt, mony have rele. fariery iniced, without sovch c a r e ia dae {Snguisng eases alinat exclusively Tay upon fab, andnat euplay thomfor tooit somotimes fresly. ‘Tals,happens however Should he done; thatdo Anorders not unlike fatalnt colle or gripes cour, thero isor neither penteup alr present Sr{ntheanywhen relaxation want of energy and intestines themselves, and stinlating aston sede icines might thon dome good, but often much Chek‘When tho disordor 2 easly diesovered, or na cone en,n'elystor, it will boand proper to lose medical no Ui tonowy g o t ready Hkowise'& Uratight for removing’ the wind and. abating any exere-the bead tho with rewoving After pain. Foeol in made tho greatof fivegut that can quarts be reseed by iy oF8 tlyster, or sh of water ‘water grucl, fat,Doodmaywarm, pnd fix anior eight ounces {teomien be ijooted; one or atheror tthe following draughts way be given, before ost the sum time, _ Drang forth Same. ‘Tako of table-beor, © litle warsed, 1) pints (Bgl); common papper oeor powdered ginger, S*esepoomfal gin, whttkey, many fom’? fo d funeety of from Lt 2 ghisesul. These mised {ogsthos for one dose. ‘Avotker communicato to thle loves of silver and oop: {adisatod, add prepared nutel or linseed, om, ‘erProce those shining colors observedin foils. ‘The ‘The wattere ground with thio varuish dry more of industry becomes vores of presperty ftowly; they fiate befor then mized sp pointing, withthe orflom” othe manufncturers of bunds buttonsof and work fred niordant dries very specdily sit has body and ad Ingirteish, common with tl, which inthe tho Jeweller ane IMerex to, and ateongly rotaing, goldcesh whon ap: Puttouise raraisbes destined tor cuore and for ‘ith Tributes ‘with so much ssccesa t o" produce thtae lied to wood, metels, and other substances, Erode refletion of the r a y a of light which, doubles Lacquer for Brow and varoish sparingof quality of precious stone ‘Deavings To Prepare u Composition for making Colored ‘Take of seod-'ue, 8 o1.; amber oF copa ground lustre Testo and Prints Resenble Paintinge iu Oe tis kind that were indebied for the manufastory of gilt lather whiehy taking ‘Take of Canada of commetorpen baleion, 1 on sprit refuge in Baglond baa given plus to that of pe y 9 Spe’ en then tin, 208.5 a ‘his whichis eteemployed for the decoraton printata, sbould sara 36 oy lad gt Persmache, St In the palaces,lasttheatos, ion af nna ndchair placa ifs by the effect of a foreign hen dry, apply tho varnih with comel tint obtained Trom the colering part of salen, brush, aS that tho acalos of silver disseminated confection A Varnich to Color Baskets, conse iyneitherebesta Beastial gold solr ‘Take either red, black, or white eealing-wax. ‘Tho colors trenemitted by diferent coloring ab- biohever color you wieh to make; to every 2 oF, ish'ie durable stances require tones sulted to tho objects for ling-wax, add T of. of a Which they'are destined. “Tho art bae fei bis ‘wn power to vary theta at pleasure, by tbe ade

dition of anatto to tho mixture of dragon's blood, Lacquer for Philosophical Instrument fnfiron, ete, or somo changes in the doves of the ‘This Inoquer or varnish is destined to oh fo ‘mode intended to made in colors. Tt ta here or to modify the color of those bodies to which, it ts applioa. ‘Take umsof gamslem,gatte 2 o:.; gum make Lacquers of Various Tints argo, cach (gamboge), 2 on; dragon's blood,of ‘ThereToinonesim plo method by which artiste may {he beet quality, or; aeed-ae, Tox j terra merita, ‘e enied to bln all th diten 20x,; oriental saffron, ints they rofo 2 gre; pounded glass, Son} girs. Tafuso separate 4 ly oz of gum gutta Pare alcohol, 20:on 32gon'sbloe ox. exsencoof turpentine, and of of dene ‘The tincture of safron and of terra merite is d,estence. and I oxThereof sonatt also in eeparsta frat abisined by infusing in aloabol of es infusions may vocally hours, oF exposing theus fo them the heat of the forsun 24in dov tade tn the sun. After 15 days exposure pour ‘tummer, ‘ T h o tincture must be stained through quantity of toss liquéry into f piece of clean linen ‘loth, ed ought to be fortain a fut varying the dose diforent shades of cle and Strongly squeezed. This ne poured ove byBe ohtsnes. wil ‘the dragon's Liood, the gum lens, the eeed-Ia0, Totusions may be employed ‘and the guin gate, all pounded and mixed ith Aloohais vireshes this also ease thefor "Tie varnishriven,fv then ide according to tse af anon, as wellaa thatofutredi sandal weed, boot wil estence, with ‘coool Te may be applied with great advantage to phigive tho thetone eolornecessary for imitating with otker logophoal Instruments, he ue of it sight bo tineturea of gold. extended aleo to various oast or moulded articles ‘with which furnicore is ormaunented, Mordast Varnish for Gilding,

it} let thom dry, and do them over s second Une, To Prepare Anti-attrition, According of the patent, this mixture cotonsists the ofspecifeation T owt. of plumbage, ‘ewt of hogs lard, oF other grouse; the two to to be4 ‘well incorporated: “The iofstoengines prevent the affects of friction in allapplication desriptions or machines; ‘uffsient must be Fubbed over the surface of the quantity axle tpindle, oF other part where the bearing is. Liard, A French lubrioating compound,is thus made: Into 50 parts of the finest rape-oll put 1 part of Toaia-rubber, eut into strips, and apply # gentle ‘heat until nearly diolveds Varnith for Palee and Coarte Wood-work. ‘Take any quantity of tar, and grind it with as ‘much Spanish-brow n as it mill bear, without rea:

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 to be used ax a paint or varering or unstretched, give & for spread it on the pale, or other Steetshed ‘ish, itand toothen thie arrangomect of the pogswillemployed ‘wood, a8 soon ax convenient, frit quickly hardens {the ing the sloth apperatus, orBy relaxed, these toesn the cloth ean inbo this easly stretched when an action om ite brah naor hobo Sapte fren ‘the olly varnish thes exercisedoperation. frieded iyYe 8workbard aboeld ‘hus errenged, a Tiguid pasto made with (fon detand Invest poe thon vrais arying-oll, woth Mild Sil te deye ly EPhonth etn a goed gn and’ east ‘appliod tothewhichlothmay bo Varied at ploasare, is

Preciowel oF an Senie!beng cheap metre; ou far nuh pree Erte lye kdepln, 9f batwood:fr ptiogs Sad aotlather Heat" obtog ether Seal fethe argillaceous hoe which wil andbuen fa werce rant purrs Where toe gltey f e p a r t party, to produce be ade fodiment. BUF the sediment’ with & broom, to tho workstattnay proportion ns Hite, Toorn cadatcbeoms, wlsing by eEaipayi at white lead, or whiting nd rory bask, wth the 848 ovss y Spopubctr "Bot cal tar i extosvel completo the division of the earth; and after it Shel fr th ene puro peated some seconds, deeant the turbid water an earthonwill beor wooden “A Blak Varnish for Ott Stow o Chip Ho liasinto the earth teparatedvesel. from Bythethiesaadprocest snd “ake ot bat back teaing nef ony cotfed ther foreign bodies, which are precipitated and ittotwise ont“pli at wine itohing Cwey ‘which must be thrown away. Jf the earth hus ‘BodiSea’ or near ryor: piasthe bboen warhol by the same process on

MACKENZIE'S, thas may befold,rumpled waysa no withoutpolich.retaining It any’ or evena thousand the mark ofoue i ‘tol to travellers in wet weather. “Another Method, ‘A kind of varnished sll, whieh has only a yollowish eolor, and which sufers the texture of the ‘stuf to appouy is prepared with a mixture of $

linseed nd 1 of plnks,o oilvarsih, partstt boiled SFarco copal whieh extended wit it” Twom iestenta brush n or k ave silent Wien oll o has been r froed f ie gronsy partilea Svera slow froy when Boiled wits fourth park OF eeie wight of lidharg o pamice-stone and watesinequalities after whichar removed the copal hyvaruuh in ape skaabd white to giver eperation spe hie tied Selon color which atives from the buted eit tie when “This varnished sillprepareions postcaes allof silk tho whic ary ssoibed to cor{uin Fecrntended to ba worn as Juckets by persone ‘jet to houston. To Prepare Waterproof Boole vax is dissolved; ley tt on warm with a no sof 1. Boots n composition Feir-broab, efofore w rin tho aus. Tt givesa loves, om pesos of cloth, where ite sored to to ator hy andthe shoes fallowtag. to old andstrawresistshats,welania bosutifal rain? Wei thon sized up with ol rendered ty fn of aperineett aad tel i n © pips or a good lous, wiifess oqual to nev, Sng iy of& large dove ofof theitbango, that consistence ie sbost ‘irthonvorcl cere low fro ud crsto 8 Flesible Paint four the weight wit The ‘of Taia-raiber, eat into ofSeendthin oferce the ething bygivenansto theof un misture 1 i s weil presently diasvo.rd, 2 Thonv2 a te ‘ T a k o of good yellow soup, cut into a l i c e s , 24 Ibs Lalo, 8 or; hogs boiling water, 1} gale. Dimolve, and. grid the elength af whi ie equal te ht of thoion spat fe. Mix, wd Neil be Be for tuo tneditaly. solution while hot with 14 owt, of good cllpalnt. ft tha sth, This spatula perforant paveUrendths of & ‘ii teld ur other anatrial to be frented are b,40 ‘Used to paint on canvas, Kite, a n d pushes furan the excess of matter teesive? urduatewitu common Dvcking-braa Porous Water-proof Cloth. bore the queatity sufleient to cover the cll, find fine poli ofie theshociakers result dain ‘This quality Is given to cloth by simply passin ‘When t h e fret stratum I s dey, a seound 2. Malt-found At throvgh a Bot solution of weak glue and funn, Tho inoqualitie produced. By tho cou incest! Fp of solution of a ‘To apply it to the olath, make up & weak solution the cloth or hy an uneqoal extension uf the past, Discov with a gontloboots.hes This (tx wilvery lstido. of(about glu, and whilo itis hot adda piece of alum ‘avoid down with punieestone. ‘The pat Bio) and rub onthe forsor= ox, to 2 gta), and then brash it over the fostone is reduced to powder and rubbed over cra onthe, face of the clothwhile ia hot,and fs aft the eluth witha pee of vsEy Indivcrubber Varaith, ‘wards dred. Cloth fo pieces may’be run through In wutor. The sts must eretfrequently Digest Indinrubl into aiallabaking pieces, theia {hi solotion, and then run out of it avd rater to loan sty ad wfter it died, a vars bene s for y several a d By adding a fow picees of soap to the Offortes pumrlse diasived in lineoeloil Dotted. With Vote comtuning’ the teria. “A jelly wil bo ‘lth w i l feel much softer. “Goods in pieces may to be applied to which wil separate fron the Bezino; tha Beran through = tubfll of weak glue, soap, and “This preparation produess yellowish varnished forused, Alcotved d in n the Gxed a volute ily withdries some Tay and equcezed between Follers. ‘This would cloth,” Wien wanted Bask, ani Iunphck with Ses not crack or ein, Blas mixed cheep‘Weoollan and goods expolitious mode of prepara fhe Spanish white or liquid tobaceopipe. tay, shades whieh sinus substance. are prepared by brushing forms thobusis of th paste, Varios them with thethe abovegrain mixtore ‘On Chtoreformic Solution of Outtarpercha. gray way bo which obtained,ir added, according Cuber, ta the Calognes quanti Gutta-percha ‘then with or nap offrsttho in cloth;the inti after ofst Taupe i tinal"To lies, 14 08. chloro which iti dried. Te is tho beat to dry this rst foray 12 Msidounoes, 8 Bsiduonces of the fart, aul diferent ocbeyargilaeesns earth, nay Inthe ait and thon in a stovo-room at slow hes ‘Soffer sontsined in bottle, add the gota. Tevet to vary tho tints, without causing 80 ‘atLine, allow tho lath to retain for a considerate pre, and bse oseasionally Gil isolved thea alton to dhe expense, to expel the moitare completely. This Kind TO Wo" corbonate of leads previously xed {To prepare Varvished Sit af loth, white i drain wufllenlyDelngmeterquiteprootpervious to keep toothy with the resinier of the, shorofora, Varaished il or making uubells,eapots iy having shaken the whole thoroughly together coverings for bale, ta, is prepared in the sane Soverl tines at itervals of } boutyast the mgs the varithed and polished othe a To Thicken Linen Cloth for Sereene and Dede Saanaetaa fre aside pd let it stand for 10° days, or unt eudy deseribed; but with sone variation ta the the insoluble watter Yas subsided, amd the elas Tiga paste or varia tion bne bevoue lini, abd ether t curlers or of Grind whiting withuiittesinohoney(whit), andtun totakespreveot ithe surface of the alle bo p r e t y large, it is lor., ulighttravc easty,deoun and keep the itscrackng add t o i soft made fst toa wooden franefursianel with hooks Solution in a glasestopped both rush andsuteriag lay W'upon themeanwile cloth andto dryto do?between or 3 tnt niovable pegs, such a thot ured in Uh miso times, it the To make Black Jape. faotae of ofeummon varnished ela. “A fourth sf past, Inyings on; aad for the las laying, smcth i t Boiled il, 1 gull; umber 8 on asphaltam, 3 ‘omponed linseed-of bulled witha part ‘with Spanish white ground with linseed th cxycllof turpestine) as much aa wil luce 310 Sr litharges tahsoco-ppo clay, dried and lled Ui{ty boing frat Reated and wized witha mal quan Trough oi wove, 16 partayftharg,groand on the thinness Foquired of the lthargo beter to endoro Porpliyy with mater, ded ood nied a the sine "To Peeseree Tiles {he weather; and soiof gold il bothelasting. Examen, # para, and lawpblsck, 1 part. This Aner tho adoption of glazing, varishing,ba et Common Was, or Varnished Cloth. past shen spread ne uniform inaoter over the to inerenve tho Hardness of tle, tasing kilo, bay fovea completely to stopthei pores and to of lungIn-numiner hy nienns of the silk ingIelace a bondle at each extremity. 24 for te lnpervious to waters TWd peu fa hrs are aufelnt for ha dstesation. When Procicable, and net oxpcusive, Line sd te, dry, the outs produecd by the inequaitien of ihatecil or drege of olyoBenpors™ aro equallyTrungadapted to a r e sobothed With’ punicestone. hie fon largo frames placed onder sheds, the sides of 12st ihe puspose, and ail x pare is surface performedoftheitha'sator,wished” and, when ‘which are open,al #0 ‘Theas manner to afford passageslothto Operation Aiculr eifencios when tes are ervckd by the Abished, the Te x the extoraal in a whiehfree the fronts tat thoextent, expenseal ofsuppos soak tion suered to dry, and at copal varnish is ape {or foraHeinroofeatcolated Into fastened to thos frames f o aa follows: it ie Axed of a middling each tide of tho frame by hooks which catab tit fg veh a root to require’ one hundredwengh, PIT it be Intended to polish this varnish, apply 0 drould not exceod 15 dollars the ge of the sot and by places of tang pecktbresd passing through oles at the other segond erutuny afer whi olsh Te with’ bal To Brome Plaster Pipers, St eluth an very ne tripe | "he varnished silk or the ground, extremity are tied after it has ben siaed and robe ‘movable pegsof the in thehooks, lower which edgo ofthe frame.around The {has tnnde i vety lac exceedingly piso,

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 bed down, take Prussian blue, verditer and spruce 849 coohe; grind them separately in water turpenfine, or cil, according tu the work, and oly thet Inch proportions ae will pruduse the color de red: then grind Dutch metal in a par} of Unis ition it with judgment on the pro ent parts of laying the figure, whieh produoe x graad s ‘fect To Polish Varnished Furniture

1780

MACKENZIE'S.

oil, ot; sugureanity wud gum Anubis, uing out; ortho same affect may be produced in'tne powder, melt thereto these wellnbnuttogether© epvont timple appllation of atimined mil overlof byStentheovat feat f r e , abd ad by frequen wi ‘Rha bat [trjentine, and lampbloce afield (0 give fen using the later ie piltoes andlaythethondrawing atup uoopon the dowd Lack cotr.”"W hilshot enough tor, ke burface of the tang we Rinuo aor lly pouringti alsoat the liufold; tote «tin orner tl i drains and dvien ‘The inilk'mse oul let sand sy perfectl y te odode ha Pape free from eres, or it will grease ‘Po make Liguid Japan Placing Tomake Varnish for Wood, which Resists the ‘Acton of Boiling Water, Toke $98 of vory.blnc 2 y of. ofentae angar, 1tablesp ez of oon sulphuro atid 1 om of mninte act L of sweetFirst oiltie an lemon neil, ed | plese of eurk Dot vinegar, the ivory bag witand snd proces to polish tho varnish, ale weet ol togethor thea the lemon und sugae, with thethe process teipali and water,” byTe a hte vinegar to qualify the bisktogy en nd ‘wil 4 bowelting known it when is fied ih sulph urand dura aidy and a thet all ‘Miping a part of the work with « sponge, und ab well together, ther a isabit offairmutton even gloss. ion.—fomTbefajurng sugat, theoi, feathery and vinegar preadd is te‘whether ease, take auet andWhenfine vent‘Obereat the acids sid four and clean the work. Uo he lustre of the Masking. To Palieh Wood, A Cheap Method. Tako 2 pieco of punice-stone und water, and Tvory-back, 2 of; brown. sigs, 1h on; and pase regularly over the work uatil the risingof sweet oi, tablspooatuly Mi that wel, ad ner: Ada to the pound of amber, the grain is ent down; then tike powdered tripolh {em gradually ald 4 pl of anal Bere Bion of linseed andbuilol Hueeed-oll, end polek the work {0-8 “Another Sethe. ‘right wurface, Aquarterib ofivory-a omeletwoods sugar,toe To Polieh Brass Orunsente inlaid in Wood, tablelyoonta of Sout, cl,plete 3bof tallow ogIti for2 or 8 minatee, sesing the sao of a walout an small pee of goin Atal Filo the b r a s very clean hole w i t h up a wel amooth file; chen preserved lte to ettoy, W th four, and wale bet put fo then take some tipolt powdered very fine, and {heMaketlla pastethen ofthe Position fe decanted and the sugar, aul aerwatda uit the ames cold in welloorked botten siz it with the linseed ofl, of felt, with which polish theDipworkin thie wat a theruber ‘wut well together n'a quart of water: ‘terbe appolishing thogivewoodto ontho which this varnish sited Tt ef ect iv obtained. {nto “india Hubber Blacking (Patent) l i e d , you the work iy shony, oF black rosewood, take Tvory-back,60 Ibs. 5 treacle, 45 Ibe} vs ger a itso odtanos, for waltwood the colorre ome elder coal powered very tin, and apply it (03%), 20 pala; porrderd gum, 1 i dee oat of a mistare of sot with the dry after you have done with the tepoti und it foller wn fs.” (ahe Tater fade by assole. Pentine.” When this color is perfectly dry, give till protuce a superive pollah with a sepa ue’ sponge, Ta'otder Ing by” Grind host or.the ofwholeIndia tsoeth rabherin tn a Dts of ape- Ttee ovalonat of varnish ‘Tle French mode of ortanenting with brass Sif) vory eal thse eae foe a i n t ol, Aifers widely frown ours; theies being billy times, t e k i n g eave alae to it the thn preceding add by smatl coat quant st ities atime I hn of alt (Crom excating berdred. the dat of i: aa fil-ef vital airing it atrngly ford Bos x Columns, ete,which are To Resttheore Bluctnees of oi Leather Chair ee, uring. Totlenstuue, and finished polished with eldervorycoal.high with {hy fora orener ‘Many families, expecially in the country, po Leather Waterpre f. som cinit, settee To Brown Tron aud Steet Oljct. “with may blackbe Teare‘This f s done hy rabhing Hatoof thethe use, long by peirod Dissolve 2 parts of crystallized chlorite of iron, leather ariatare'of drying oroils,brushing end toy Hored nearyto thelr origloal good silor aod glass 2of parte of ucidsulkin eblorids uf antiwony, andWith1 part talesoftheof led copperrosinw ot teninthe ron oF by ofthe eabattati og by: eazynowly-laidand agusapproved proses: gale or 5 parte uf water, this Shy guthy mts ‘aketheyolksfolowing of 2 andup, and the white tiolsten i pivco uf sponge or cloth and apply to Tosilee of one. ot t h e s e be well besten then the object, gun-bareel for instances Let ay for Colored Drawing, shaken i n a. glase vessel or Jog, to bocome like in the air, and epeut the operation several tines ‘ausTo ofmakeCanaleVarnish Dalat, 1 oj Were aprit ofthsturpen{ick o l ; alesolve fn about iblespoon fal orl then wash with waters ary, and rub with Dolled ting, Bot, Mia then together. con of geneva, an ordinary tou-lamp of loat-augar} Iingeed-oil. "Objests browned in this way have & postion is applied, the drawing or print should thisBit ofthiksti;withmixivory black, well worked up very agrecable dead gray appearance, and. the Yo'iced witht solution ofeingdage in waters und take feith th egg for uae, Tat Shade deepens isaccording shen dey apply the saves with a coaal State thse ado ekg withengl eforsof sown the operation repeated, to the nuuber of tes ina After a yory few minutotypo lieh witha very To make Blacking. To make Furniture Paste. ‘clean brush, till complotely dry and ehining, then Take of ivory Viack and treacle, each 12 of. Scrape 4 oz. of beeswax into busin, and add {ott retain a day to harden, speruaacet ol, doz, white wine vinegar, Apts. Mist ssunuch ‘Thegentlemen's same process answers butadmirably for Iadioe ui of a 4 varpentine aresin, wil moisten i through. oF ‘Now powder oz of and ad 43 much dres-thoos, withthe follow To make Liguid Backing, ing’ addition for Tdian red a s will bring it toa deep anabogauy protecing the stockingsbe'chaten feo of vinegar, No. 18 (tho common). 1 qt colur. When the composition is properly sired ‘oi, “et the white or gatof eggs sek ad tren, attriaig avid up, it will prove an excellent cexent or paste for a large plas pial until i becomes perfoot bléwishes fa maboguny aud other furuiture cil,ie rash over the inner edges of the shoes with und when goptetely" Anuther Method. dey it requires wil prevent all rbot coche dees act acing from tho leather. ‘bia tobe #0 Sorape 4 os. of beeswax as before, Toa pint aryof te quickly enough om the leather ada tle smora peated, of oil uf turpentine, in-a glazed pipkin, add an vita,Whena htethere ataie tootone auchfl ofthe aries virile quickly Sunce of alleinet-roct, Cover i close and put it ‘Tho process forTransparent Ioory. fuough making ivory transparent and a slow lire atending it carefully that it ay ihiewbichita isbrown variouscolorin ia strength the mistare over ly noersion tn onTigudphoxphore fot buil over, oF euteb Gre, When the Tiguid te ‘whe it "Vinegar ia wold hy aumbers, vit, No. 18 (the 850 weakest) 19,20, 21,2: “Tho celebrated blaeking ot m deep red, add as much of it to the wax aa will Banae with No. 18. When this mixture is pros amaisten it thtough, also of sa ounce of ivory petly finished, the ivory-blask will Ue about ene- wwdered resin. » Cover the quarter whole close, uted the euntents of the bottle, ‘and 6 hours, when it wil bo St for uso. and lt it tiAcetidh ofperta epofecifanc grinchav,ityandof pl1.13ac1,ed un if hoapbera we

To muke Bailey's Composition for Blacking-cakes. ‘Take gum tragucanth, 02.5 veats-foot oil, supartine ivury-black, deep 1 bus, prepared from iron and copper, each 2 o7.; brown wigar candy, verewater, euch f o2.. Having well these ingredients, etaporete the water, mixed and fonm yout To make Blavking Bale for Shoes ‘Take mutton suet, 402-; beet'was, on; smeut

‘ome transparent, when itis taken froitn the batby ‘washed in water, and dried with a clean lines ‘Take d-ol, put it into m cloth. It becomes dry in the air without the ape with as linsee much alkbnetroct a it wil cover Dlieatio n of Heat, and voftens again undor ware boil gently , nd i will becom e of a strong red color; When eval t wil be Bt for ues To make Wash for Presrcing Drawige made "9 of Ieory. with a Black Lead Peve. ‘Whish have become quite A thin wash of isinglasa will x elther being left y for from 2 to 4 hour b l a c k lead, oF hard black ehilk, nas co prevent thelr ‘8 walery solution of suipburcus acid, become

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

theite ivoryngnin.crack‘The ac i the a gassous form To Varnish Drawings ond Cord Wor, Boil some clear parchment cuttingsa very in water ifine na glanedpipkln, tl thoy produce chat Bera i t and keop i t for wee. the workover2 costs of thoaotzo, passing rua‘Give quay the mony Ustar thetbe To make Turpentine Varnish. Mix 1 gall and 6 Tbs. of powdored resinof putoil ofit turpentine fa alin ean, ‘and Jet it bo or } an hour. When ons eool itstove, ie Bt

frase, Mannfactur of Papier Macht, ‘There are at present fivefhe redertiet principal varieties of paploramaché known io 1 Shee Urhyaper pasta together Thi shots or'boards produced’uponLy meds. pressing 2.erilnary paper pulp between dics. 3.'#orous tab, wick cthyate alter, varieled of bre onl, aed and certain chemist genus for tho purpose of rendering Uitilted,massandintroduced incombustble, " A ceneatiog see with tho whole wel knended togetber ate. "The kxeaded whieh sods aqusseo i parsed Gat toaat perfectly waif thickness, Itispiers, then dried & proper tewperatre. he Carton whieh ib made of pulp orintopaper mizedyiecowitmould, wit ngaod glue, preaed plaster Dacked with drying paper, inand,shotwhenroom.eufciently et Nardened'by 8: Maris Gosamiein 1838, Papier-Sckt, 2 newof composition, pa ‘hte wha consists paper pulpy 2, fs dized rying proportions oil and ugar of leat kmved in cere El’ and. n e a d e : together ‘This componton deor aoulded extremely plastic and required ny bo vrorked, preted, nto sayy Form, I¢soveral my mnt bo presorsed Sa this plats ondie {ion for hy keeping the ale away, Sind‘Theft occasionally kneading the t n e , mentioned varityAyceal ofpepicr kindof mecKéslone engages our altention hore t's Porous texture, manutastured for thispaper, pare poser An irom a0, of eomowbat anally ise Than the object required i e greased with Reursian fallow. tncace A sheat ofof thothe mould; paper andis lidcovered on to overthe (reaved Sith n andcoat lyof pasa madospreat of theevenly best allbicute ower whichis over fhe{nid shooyot andwithrobbed tbe bands; tnothor shot is daw evenly, to that the thea to

{ict thefoalpartsremoved tousbodwithwitheaence asphaltom, and tho Inter"Avert of trpentive, application of eroryor varnlabed coat of fslor oF rarnish tho elect eo eoored i ied Feet oras nae elt ary Uployed y Heeto witht higs teuperature a canend bated safely be l u r i n g tho a l e n of etsog Gicvaraih togrounds, tear drop iory-blck ‘Por bask mixed with darivcolord enlne'varaah is seed; for colored mas moti plat clon grove foeeodscl er turpoutlag, and sxed with sine arab 3he greater atmonpbers bel Titney, ty Zor $ oats of copal or anne varaish. Buperior articles receive ne polished, many a8 Sor 6 coats ot ‘Thy varaish, and a r e Sally omamentation of awaren l eachi artes as bycomethe tunice tho head of tile elfsted ‘rdinary mode of painting with tho camelehait inition where Bttng aubatitte; Devel {cadaor tote ap marble intended tho odinry fany patteras are roa pro oon artes by rioting.” veeDesig then rubbe down over the fn with allblack Dished over, died, d cout of varnish another with putsidried, Acsiga cesfo no; and the part covering tbe is then laid'on, vad a Tubbe off with pumic design thus several gsincoats ared laid on, dot alle-etothone,surfaco vel with that of the design,

MACKENZIE'S: wr water, aro eut transvereely, and pressed in ‘ill, Tho exprosted feral month, taking olfjuico the ofsowseach i ke times Att the liquor fe deawated, and two parts of tho ope are to onsproportions part ofthe other, {Uo be used an varnish,added Other of in {redionts are souetimes employed, but im ll the inous juice of tho. Sewecurpus’ predominates, ‘The varaish is laid on like paint, and whon dry is with an agato or swooth by polished pebble, Thisrubbing varnishit also provents destrustion Gf wood. eta. by the white and.

and'again withthe varaishi called Ul thegil-leathen oslor sndap ears ‘ufilently d o g p . What ‘any pltire them frame, withhave noilootersestied than thisict lleof Ing washing wise sforde aadprootleaving of thistho tsilvr he apieleaf distolving theSrones, arash, of may owe For plein fromen thick tinal Mthe’o toedpce tosteed ot alferers tobe‘Theburalhed, Ga-lat xed oh orth glue then th emery and ane Linen ty and

sing then lacquered over ‘Tho sameit looks varnish,very madeneat-ywith likea lossDuraished proportiongold,of coloring materials, ie applied also on. works of ‘brass, both for heightening color and. of thefor metal {to a rosemblanco with that thoof gold, preserving it from being tarulshed by the air. To Reooser Varnish. (lear ofthe ith with u lyewaado of potash, ond Aiapocal, aod the neces of etending to a pro the ashes of the les B52 then take 48 ot. of| wines mentioned Uiatsbuiio and Sting of lighte and shades, Dotath ant 16 of the ofabuve ashes, aad fut them into 6 ql of water, and this completes (On « Black Varnish for Zine. The I M. Bastgor dosoriben process for covern To Polish Varaieh rine with a shea adberene, veer tack va

nish." by weight cbloida of mitra copper Disgolve sud 3 parts2 parts of crystallized in 64of Parts of astdistiled water;density.ald & Tato parts thiof Hydro. Ehlorio of 10 Hguid lunge the. in previously scoured. with ‘ne3 ana hem wash to nical wih water, and dy spy.

pattiand put upon a piceof2 ser gan!This Toe poorer, foopaipable Inulstned ith waters with this Therab triplt lightly iustput aubstanos, ratsish the auelly SEO Golucod to every Bo power, and with ote sotshing tet beol porforsed. woollen a clots yoo Th lth whiah the p o l i Protection of Ian aud Steel Mevarnish fe then tobe wiped offstarch wieor Spanish linen, Modorately:heuted benzino dissolves half its with c l e a n e d dry quite whom {ind weight of wax; and if this tolution bo carefully tis, end!rubod wit the palta ofthe hd. {ppited to the tool with a brush, tho evaporation

shoots aro closely pasted together at all points, Iaves a vory albesive and perinanent costing of Procens for giving earions Objects a Pearly Lualre. ‘After this the mould i gear. ‘was, whieh will preserve the motal evea from the "To produce the iridesconco of mother-of-pearl silk, Tether, paper, process: glass,aleptsetal,the resin, ‘elion of acid vapors. on stone, 2 parts fulloding Reinach fete, Varnish used for Indian Shield, sanday of that of parts 2 copa, of solution Of oom, of audpastasothorafter which test tise Iaidreturned on, withto ‘heooghout Indi for tho stro and daabilty of Sand 4 parts of solution of Damara resin (equal cont aro or mixed sleobol) and absolute of resin parts i e v a r n i s h with which they are covered, thoFepentad drying chambers snd tho some operation f e ro bergamot of ail of volume their bal h t i r F Sith shields constitute, thoretvre, no inconsidero v e r and over age, wat sufcient the to evaporated bo to ia mixture This mary. blo article of traf, being in request sinong {lke is attained, whey fur superior ariley, then be varuish this If eavtoroil, of ness natives who othe carry arms, and andretaineke, the aaciout Such ns'30"toaro anttuctored al thevoandworks, roquses35 edie, drawn, by meant of a fenther or brash, over the ait “The from 40 slcsts of paper, of course some water, i wil form a beautiful ie surfee ‘arnish is composed Aemecarpua of the onacerdiuny expressed juss of thattho ‘lescent ofpellicle. Inany coats of paste betwees. “The sll i s theo in now to bo applied to tnarkingsost, and Feinoveda carpenter's from tho plano, mould fterand which planeditisto dipped shape tanothor kindred fruit, Holiarna toyiflia the objests which "This are fle to bo rendered iridescent, wrth 08 Is contained, in whichhas thebeen water vessel ‘The between abell of itethe integuments Semeenrpur snacordivm con "Tho Jolinseicoil and from sprite of tar to harden ie there: waust produced, pellicle the hich hunges tains numerous. cells, the color grfae y thento a stovedy dingy and’ yellowishof filled with a black, sori, resinous juice, whieb fore be us large as or luger than those object, frown tint. ‘The article water should have about § percont. of Bcoateofvaroish are lad offon each(with& likewise isthefound, though lets abundantly, fa theat ‘The olution of lime added to it;"ite temperature tach}, which are cleared ‘wood of tree. Te it commonly empliyed. be kept at about 72°." The objects are n'indelible alto mark quicklin. al aorta of cotton loth, hould ‘ried fm the sie, ‘The color in Axed with The cortical part of the fruit ofite Hotigarnt longfoliecellikenBled To Prevent the Formation of Pungi in Tinber. Sontainslaeweon lamie nusiesees ‘The following paint hus beon fovnd euooessfl {ation which i frith a Back, thick sera uid ‘The matives of applied im bronse Flour of eulphury 3088 get; common linseed powdery g o l d , ‘or color, an, for many articles, alsoin motherof. Malabar exteut by’ incitin, with which thoy var 2084 gra; refined ofl of manganese, 463 ges. pearl. Tho’ oroamentation af these articles fe sinh target Prevention of Rotting of Wood. Fourtimes effected in the highest style of the ‘To prepare tho varnish according te the method ners are practved in Bile, the outs of t h e Senecarpue ‘Take 50 parts of rosin,40 of finely powdered "The gold-leaf is Iid on witha solation of isin- Aacardiain, and the berries of the. Hotigera ctl, 300 parte o lee of fine, white, huxp sand, lass ib water, tho design then pencilled on wi Tengiftia Waving been stespod form south in ‘parts of linseed-oil 1 part of mative red oxide

1782 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 To make Cement for Floors, of copper, and 1 part of sulphurie acid, Pint anule of oaof 5 at Ue rosin, chalk sand and oi, in wn iron earthen floors are commonly malt vy drake to aud, withandcare,applythe and suietiines,capectally the oxide, cureully, then ust and ‘Stir theaddcomposition roak-said, and im ut. If too thick, ad wore oils, This cout. from he manuor of making earthen forge, the ng, whien ould and dry, forms a varnish baed at is as follows: habitations ‘Boors well sifted, with « } conl-sahes take } forlimeplainandcountry whole to it tho making fall quantity of loam clay;withmixwater, CEMENTS. ether anid tempor it well Hyrautio Mortar. tom heap; Tot it He a week oF 10 daya and ‘After thie, heup itp Slaked Vien, 1 bo. ealsined olay, 12 bus washod peat the tempering ad, 12 bu eaey. ti Theic edomes nth, sil ough very and Conerete. ground beog inn Unslaked lime, 3 bu.; nd, 9. athe 3m.botorchic,the broken stone, 4 bt Cement. bu.; gravel, 2ba.; or therewithThs ubost teh, when ooriti thoroughly dred Hydraulio cement, 6 bu, (6-5 London, ot 2 New tril take: thoaud beet for Howe, epeclly York bUL);sand, 6 ba, his amount will sulico Maou to lay 1,000 bricks or 2 perches of stone. Perse Composition for Ronfing Ba Bortare ‘Take theet bohardest nid parat inextone 3. Stone Timo (unslaked), 1 bu.5 sand, 3 bu. marble preferred), ee fom tay farses say OF 2! Stano lime (anslaked), 1 ba. gravel, 10° bu, der alin being ie snereierateny Beton pase hrovghwahpiers” Oneof laypar wellof weight i s to be nized 2 ports Te superior,in every respest, to concrete, Tt is Deletes ‘and sinilariy pulverized, conducting thethe made’ in the xame way, using hydraulic instead eked holo cperation with grent carey ‘This forma ‘of eoutnon mortar. Mastic, Ertpomicr. acini ato be made aft part tf edetedparsandof‘hoelaypalvered,aypeun, fo stil Sand, 100. ; marble-dust, 100 he; reestone, ‘ideas aed al putversod The 4004 rod. loud (miniumn), 3b fro powers ato bo amabined nnd atimataly Tintced-o, 21 pt

MACKENZIE'S Cement for Cast-Iron, In mixing coment cast-iron, put 1 on. of snl amtmonine to cach forbundredwaight boringe, ir without allowing i to heat.”of Multiply the Tength of say joint in R. by tho breadth ia in,uot by the thickness in eighthe, aod by 3; the prowill bo the weight of dry borings, in Tbe, ‘yoirdupois, fo All that Solnt neatly required to make cement Or, take of ral ammomine, 2o7.; lowers of sul. hut, Tor.; clean cast:

ast ibpon Berd theae desire stone, allows no. mulatare to penetrate, and is not oracked by beat. When well prepared {twill lst any length of time, Whenin ‘ay be colored of any desired tint, Zeindelite,

‘Coment for Rock-sork and Resereoire, Where great quantity of coment ip wanted forteracoarscra ties, the coulash Mortar (or Welsh the cheapest adconstantly wil hl kept tremelyell not only ahd wherbes e i s dry, but eve where it fv sunetinige dey id t atoF others but where iis liable to be ox seding laid to weton, andbe wet;eufered frost, thinta drycement ahould, at is thoroughly before 'yWil atrehu nnns o dy nCa osy be great improvesiont to to ‘rth likewise the blood of ny besa io ‘The mortar must be formed of L part lime and 2Urowghly parts of wellsifted cost -asbos, and they must be mized by being fn‘odie the porostcommnatare of th To make Slortar. Mortar is composed of quicklime and sande. duced w paste with The Hine acta ought ts hein puro, complotely freewaters fom curbonie the otsand seal We dhowtate tree trom ofaclay,verypartyfine fnpowders the wate fine sand,bs partyin thet of gravel; tho water should Brey nd if previously sataratad with fe, Trweh tho Theof coarse best proportions ara Squicks pata StTime,tine,resently und better. 4 parts s a y I part of and"alwaysas lite ator bd poss sible, “There sake, should bo enough moter aed at fats Hf water in nde the lating tae“Thobegat will echited und teeftermortar ange addition of burat bones hnproves morse byfuckin ging tnetn onder lo ig d r y i n g but dey ought never tu excee of the lime entployed. es =f When a tls manganese i added to mortar soquites the iuportant property of bardeniagit

Genuine Ronen Comer, Orsing,portuolan, from mitre the neighborhood of Vestand is x pocoliar of sles, clay, Time, whishhas Yeonliveealoined by the ‘The volenas fn used tnied with snd sand. fllowing the yowdored formula of 6 Vitrwvine: 12 parte porsodans sharp ‘Te sandbas thewell power washed,of 9 ich Time, becently taked, Aardening sndvr water, " wepil cat Porn Cement. dry excess chalk ofa water; moist ‘ened nnd ground in tetie thieto areaddedthoroughly 1374 I. inourporated, of pure alluvial ‘Theela inind toro iefa aie into Bale,seca, mbich ay dried and eal‘Sood an ordinary Rosedale Coment Tstong,madofourby eslaining thoPotala. limestonerndvtone. oF cement. bore the endIt ‘slot the Ution slate of the New York survey. consists of tomeail,el a magnesia, nla, oxide of fron, with sf potash and ole ono is found andin eastern Pennsylvania VirginiaNew York, Now Jersey, “Artifcad ydrantic Cemente ‘Are made i , 10by tocombining thoroughly sled ine srith frum 40 per cent wnburnt clay, 2d Tining the mixture ia m kiln; 2 by gricding Slay aud 3,challe ng directed above’ forposzuolaBorland Cotent; by making arliell Sacnredu ‘snd anof cay, abd8 or 10 pe heolution ue ofof seato sodas consistence of thio yr, ie te be nized with themortar af fat Lane Cement for Rooms, ‘coat of oxida oftho.sinewall(sine tile) mixed with sian, n applied to e l n g or wuinicog; ver thi waje sno Theof ebluride of sine, feepared in the eine two unite and! fom seen ‘vot a8 polished as glace Parole Coment ‘Take unealted evr pulverize, of skinnedand mill, presover tho& whey out, dey and wart eave. “OF thts, 0 parts; caustis ytcktat, ine power, 10 patsysnd eppondered cantor, Hia"intntely in mall estes. stunt corked Jerfsty Gights “fo usoy ais the require Irth ditey.water sri palettes al upp ine

“A mixtureof white paint with red lead, spread on canvas or woollen, and placed Detwoen the Soin, ia beat adapted for jotnts that re . ieoften eeparateds 100 a. andof of Tnsulphur, To Preverse for Use, Pack it close in an water.

sufficient to ‘must be ap lied tothe broken part of ‘hon tho retort is ata good working heats after Thishas been done, forcuver it with fine coal dust, and ig charge the retort working.

offind sulphur and"Tho 42iaizture 1h is exposed glass, to thea massgentle biseat, wbiels mts the siphon, and then atredtig til runi becomen thoruaghly homogeneuns, Ine aaa oss and towed soils {o{a eool, T h i s preparation la proof against genera, whnover their degree of concentration, fod will as nn Todas tis. mallet about Baeyand may bo r e m p l o y e d without las of any Stthe ieformqualities whenever ies desiablo to change of an apparatus, bysepta, melting “ALwen SoU"gentleie eat and operating an with Yecomes aa coupuct ne ttone, and therefore pre asrven ito itamaysolidity i boilingLy water, introducing Slabs Letween of tai= be joined ‘heat ‘some. of th $829) wich

Poca, Chaiaber in aco Et lead, the inventor ‘will enable inant The coat wil bo only price of lead.ad. The compound i alsoone-Neaid to be buperior to hydraulis lime for uniting stoue aud Fatleting the netion of water. To maike Cement for Canale ‘Tako 1 part of iron filings, reduccd to sited powder, § partsof ofpulverized silica, 4 parts Saige quantity brick, ofandred 2 clay, pris theuf hot fines the whtle messured by’ weight ind aot by Putbull,tho mixture into a large wooden tub i ordor thut nothing foreign may be inteeduced ito ie"th Treufheient i pouredof liquidness oxt to extinguish ime and givewatera degree (0 the cement, and if all the compoueot parta ave Uriakly ‘rred a great degres of Best will be emit ed foun tho Hime, and an intimate wnion formed by the heat.

in eonmay be aroemployed that it which underrutingwater;those£0 edifices constantly x= ‘posed to the sation of water. Limestone is often {ombined with manganese; ia that cass it becomes Brown by calsization, ‘up with oil and water alternately,tll they eon

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘pose paste of the desired consistency, Water-eesent, oF Stuoeo. 56 Ibs, of puro conte sand, 42 Ibs. of pure fing‘Take eand; mix them together, and’ moisten them ‘horoughly with lime.wa io the wetted sand

fand andthe fosand r otherste seat sand members foglime theisalone dcr tobe employed, the greater quantity of To make a Fire and Water-proof Cement. ‘2044 pLeof vinegar add andthe tixtamethe'whey quantity withof will; separate the curd, the woiter of cuflcleat 5 egge; beat it wellof together andto fift Tato ita quantity quiekline, convert it t0 themended. consistency ofa coment thick. paste, Broken vessels with this hover lorrndsecpaat fr Fests theta of both ro and water ful to render it liguid; i another veneel, Aisselve as much Isinglass (which has been pre ‘viously soaked water Ul [Lis ewollen and soft) Ta brandy as willin make meature of strong luo, and add two small 2 ox,its ofby gum-galbanum Smmoniacum, which must be rubbed or groundor till they are dissolved; then mix the whole with a sufficient heat; Keep i ina and when into bo used sot it in hotphial water.stopped, ‘Solution of Indiaerubber. ‘A solution of eaoutshoue, or Indiacrubber, for repairing india-rubber shoes, ja prepared in” the following manner: Cut 2 Ibs, of sasutehoue inte thin, siallsiges; pat thei in a vessel of tinned sheet ron, and pour over 12 to 14 Iba, of sulphide ff carbon, or the promotion of solution place {he vestel in another containing proviously heated up to ubout 80° Fabr. The watersolution wilt promptly, but the uid will thicken 3 and thus render the epplication di Cult if not impossible. order to of cavutehous provent this thickening aud difioulty,« "In solution land rosin t(eolophony) of turpentine must De adiled the elutionin ofspirits enoutchoue in sulphide of carbon, andin such quantity that tho iixtur ‘oblaios consistencyandof rosin a thinin paste. ution of thecacutchoue apivt of Tho turpens#0: tine should bo propared as fllowa: Cut 11h of noutehous thin,a moderate small slices;coal heat Sltablevouselinto over fire, thera watl inthe ntchoue becomes uid; then add 3 Ib. of pow ror, and melt both materials aia modferate id heat.” Whon these ‘Buid, then gradually add 3materiale or 4 Ibs. areof perfectly apictof turpentine in small portions, and stir well. ‘the addition of tho last solution, the rapt thickBy ‘eniag and hardening of the compoundwil be preented, and a mixture obtained fully answering ‘he purposbof gluing together rubber surfaces, ele, Marine Glue, (Qu parte Toda ruber into mall piss, and issoleolt by beat and agitation in 34 partsot ‘old naphthjchleroforw, or beorine; ald to thie 64 parts of powdered shetlas, heut the whole witheonstant string until the and shellac is disclved, then “pour it whilo hot on tnctal plates, form shects When used it must be Rated toto 21S" Fabre, and applied with a brash. Water-proof Glue. Fino shreds of Tudia.rubler dissolved jn warm opal varnish, mnke a water-proof eewent forwood solve it;-add 8 or. of ros ‘and add’¢'parta of varpen Tals should be done in a earpentor’s glue-pot, to avail duruiog. ic ee

MACKENZIE'S 1783 1M. Edmund Davy prepares a new cement, wbich nearer to the color of the body om which itis eufsual s well spoken of, by melting in an icon vessel “Thie coment ust be heated when applied, pteh abd gutta-percha Te suo the asta of the subject to bo ceatented tor {s'keptpartsether of commen liquid ubder wateror eld to bo

antlthoroughly eare mustdy be taken likewise that they melted when wanted, "Tes not attacked by w fcther, Shy bo {er audvery,adheresleather, Seal to wood, y stonoyglass pores Fo make Lacs. Inia, parebment apyaad eather of vexth janetara wool, cotton, hemp, and linen f or andseringsubliaatione. usd ere ‘ T h e t o fabriss, evento scis in ditilations Por the veruish Sistlation of water, nen dipped in thin paste Aquaria Cement, waters autieients A Tulenadeof greater Ono parthy measure, of litharges 1 part plas our ccurity and checomposed of quickie, into & terpowdered of Parte;rosin 1 partmix no beash-ratdy 4" part fap Fastewith whites of egg. But the aseurity ‘hit may bo UP veay corrosive vapor, clay finely powdered ad apt for Years, while ry,all together. ints wel-corked bale; ondeuptliedfoto tow thepastejuneture, wih beled linseed, hen usd, make indryera puttynay with bolled linseed fied ‘oust We which must bo$a Uily alittle patent bevel twill stand Mterwards covered with slips of linen, dipped Waler at once, either salt or freak, the paste ofastquicklime end dried the whites ofthe oggs New Ouitaprsha Conente be. porfetly before Fe ho fate For uniting shet gutta-percha to silk: or other the heat may eause it to dey fabrics: Gutta perch 0 ibs; eaoutshou, 9 I @ roby cause tho lute to eruck. shellag, Canadastyrax, baleauy38 lb or Venice tape tts be the easeit fa repaired by applying fresh tine, 14 Thay3s; liquid j gun mest late in the cracks, and aulfering it to. dry gradu, IBF oxke of ean) ally. "Vessels which aro to bo exposed to tho naor uniting sheet’ guta-percha to lathe Kel fire are Irequently euated to resiet tho elfeate soles of shoctat.+ Gutters, 60 Ibe} Ver for which prpuee the. best coating heat, te ff {orpenting 40 Ths; shea 4 Ibe enoutchous, funsists in dissolving 2 or. of borax in 1 pl of 10.7 guid styra 6 Ibs. b o i l i n g water, and adding to the eolution as much ‘Metalic Coment. flaked Inge we necessary to forin veisl must by covered all overa thin with pasto. it by A metallic cement, which answers forall por ‘The menus of w painter's brush, and then walferei potet and becomes hard im tho heat, may bet ab. diy. Teutust then bo covered with 4 thin pasteto {ined inthe following way: Onv hanred parts neck. of oxide of tino, with the eum quantity of eu Of limeedcoll und slaked oflite,itself,exceptand thethe retort Phato of Toad,are tritursted with 30. part of ‘ll dry will daysit Ta 2ur3 then Dene the greatest dro without crackingby dco, thes of& mixture consisting of 100 ‘The cracks of blackand oxida of chemical vereeld way be seoured mangensce and 160 parla Tats. second the ido of "Thisfron isaddedeatenuntil then'a hort mass forme a for td To make Portable Glue. eur during which the remainder of the above best glue, boil and strain it 1b. 1 ‘Tako mixture ef fon and. manganese is ded by de very clears builof thelkewine 4Ibcofon Bne of singlass, pat 3t frees. The goodness of tho coment may be re ns double glue-pat, with J brown sugar, Sogulted toon the byBogeies not crumbling whe vuled out be. fd bl prety thiek; then pourit inte moulda Cement for Stoneware, by M, Heller. Gelating is allowed to swell in cold water th Jelly warmed, and” so much recently-ssked lie addled a is requisite mass cuflciently ofthis ceA thin thecosting thick for the purpore. to render ‘ment js spread while waria ovor the gently-hested Surfaces of fracture of the What articles, cogesudout letie dryrepressure. Under strong moved directly with « moist rag. ‘Yates! Waterproof Cement ‘Take of the best glue4 of; of isinglas,20, snl diseslve thetn fn nid ale aver slow fre, ‘common gluo-kettl, tothe tut Tinsel!af strong wen 1h ot of wel boiled consistency ver e gradually added, and the whole be well mixed Dy stirring. When eold and made into cakes it 855

‘ren cold eut dl dey theinia emall pieces. ‘his {uo useful to dilutes draughtsmen, architects, ‘toy uei iverytaaeditely in Wari Water, and fase the paper without the procoss of dausping. To make Glue that will Reiat Moieture, Dissolve gum tandarso and mastic, of cash, 2 ory in 1 pt of spirit of wine, adding abut1 0 of is take equal parts Gf{lassUlearaudepentine. parobaneat ‘Thenglue, iaade according to the direstion® the preceding having ‘eaten the infsinglass into suallarticle, bits, and.and reduced tho gluo to tho sawe stato, pourthe solution ofthe ggucas upon them, wnd gomeltgreatthe awhole ‘well covered, avoiding beat asia athatvss Boiling water. When melted, strain the give trough coarseadding Finen cloth i agein fhe # fre, abowt and1 onthen efputpowdered

resembles India-rubber. Whoa wanted quantity for ur, preparation may be best managed by hangslven piece of i t i n ' e proportionate Sng the'veatel in boiling water, which will prevent Gate This comet apliebieto al Joints of the matter buraing (othe Vetsc), or it thois apinit ofto ‘woody to jin earthenwaty china, p l a s . Let an ‘wine from taking fe, and iudecd Deller Sreclent comentete. fur ‘TheTeather, the same method for all the evaparation of fer nichinery, jonteforof harness, these artobonsbe tee diser glues and sizes; but in that ene, lest water be to cement the sing for as erat than the propor ‘ireoted should be added to ick hot, laying a weightsipon cash Joint ana the materials, "paseo wc statofoundi nearly tobe letna fm8 boura, when Another Method, iheMor joiner wile ae {thoy A very strong glue, that will resist water, may of abore, an entiroyou piece. ‘by excellemt adding een lite tofor benlso made by adding 41. of common glue, of tothe have an Ininglase glue t0 mixture 2 qQs.of tothe skimmeddue milk, and thenof Teale evaporating the consisteneo Goninon Coment for andSoiningother Alabaster, “Porphigrg Stones Marble the'glue, To make Parchment Glue. Take of beeswax 2 Tht nd of resin 1 b.5 melt ‘Take 1 1b. of parchment, and bell itn 6 gts of them,dor, and asaddthe body Te. oftobethe camentod same kofi coupored tater, water tll the quantity be fedused to 1 gt; strain OfUH theSebediduf thefrom consistence the dregs, ufand gluethea boll t again {ironing i e tato the melted tistur, and s‘bg theunin ellwatersthat together, theand powder aferwardetay kneading ‘Tho sume may bo done with glover! exttings of thovmnasn be thors leather, shioh takeof s thecolorless glue, if not burnt ‘ugh incorporated with thewas and resin, ‘ho inthe evaporation water. proportion of the thpowdorel varied ‘A cery Strong Componnd Gla Inbere required order tomuttrbiog.tayth bo extent

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 commongluesgleeinfuso in verythomsmall thin epirit bits, and‘Takeleinglash in sa oFmuch Sf‘Thenwinomeltas thewill whole cover together, them, forand,at least while 24theyhoare,aro over the fig, add as miueh powdered cball a will Feuer them an opako whit ‘The infusion in the spirit of wine bas been di rected but the at ‘ark onin thethe usrovipes o of it given fa ane foroftheglue;proseding tes will hold good also in this, aud the ufaturs ‘may be mado with water only.

Tomake Compound ue, ‘Tako very finelitour,yeast; tix imingle with whitthe materia of o fninglas, ands eat thotimagewellthintogetiery spre them,on thvenbat tia sing with gutwaber, {late ad Podrycolarthentht,ia estove thenpateeu with tein Bra-out Kailorte. ur vormilion tinge the red; aigo ot verde,ety etyfor Toeyalow.blue; salon, furturmeric, oF gamboge, To make Iinglase Glue ‘Thisbyis buliog, mado by anddstolving beaten ienglass in water having strained i through Soares linen that, sloth, being eveporstng i nga toWillwachbe fperfectly t Sonslatenc, cold tho glue hurdimprovement wod dry. ie mado{n this glue b “A-grout adding inethe or brandy tr litj gins tho Sid then renoing evaporation Ai consatence To make Ieingloe Site ‘This may also be prepared in the themanner above airested fo tho glu by inoroasing peupertion fat tho water for diseolving i and the sume holds of the eome sort treated size. A bettr ofe parcbinent good fon s a may be likewise made by tings of glover teathor in the same manner. cut To make Flour Paste Paste is formod of wheatenor vised four boiled in water Ul itprincipally be of @ glutious with tote inbo856prepared tence, plyTt formay Comaton purposce; but when ‘by bookbinders, orafourt, for: paper-bangings or sixthand it 8 ofuaualthe toSourmix of powdered Ath, toot thorooms weight ress; ted atl more tenacious, gust ara any Hind of size may be ade Biotor To make Chinove Pate. and quictlin, bulloal’s blood together ‘Mix to 10 Tbs. ofin 1b. of the lator

proportion It of becomes thethe Tormer, in it which sti Jelly, down beat o h w rs, consume the to tld tis fate ‘an addition of water, lato state auficiently uid for use.

To Weld Tortose-shell. pincers, the tongsNowof flewhichthe & Provide pair ofbeyond the rivet. rash 4l inehee will oblopjoint, carefully rtole-sbol clean to a grease about i.hot, Wetfllow=the at there be syno the pincers mand the shell willleebo found G Fitter’ Cement 1 ,Ib. 1 1b; red oobrebrik: ax, The-5 beesw 6 n, ‘Rosi dored Pinely-pow on. 3 Pais, of plaster Bast may be used insiead of the red oebre and plaster. Turnerd! Cement. Soft rosin, 8or.; wax, 1 of.; piteh, 1 on; red ccbre,} 02.5 bard shellne,2 os; powdered pumice, Tom Opticians! Cement. ‘ited wood-asos, Los; melted pitch, 24 08, Lapidaried Cement. Rosin, 10 o2.; becewax, 1 of.; tallow, 2 0; rod oebte, 4 of

MACKENZIE'S: 1784 in 4of pints watersahdin another ves in British Guo. gumhf ofArabic on of glue ‘Tako 1000 Ths, of starch, molston with a mix fon.water. tho mix. the imo thesolutions adthemamixture, tere of 800 Ibs. of water, and 2 Ibs. of n i t r i o acid, {ore hot. Immerse paper ani fallow it to dry spontaneously, and beat fur 1 or 3 hang it u p to dry or pass it between hours in stoves, ata temperature of 212° to 230° then fen bang it up dey oF si el Fabe, Preparing Glue for Ready Use, ‘The alum, tosp, glue, endprotects gum theform a sort ofof artical covering’ which surface 1, Bo any quantity of ge use common {ho paper from the action of water, and to a catfnetendy of 9 {sin extent from five. whiTbis will be tovery fork It ky Useful for packages oh maypaperbe exposed srl be Stor uso ithost. tho aplication of hat, of the weather. Sis iestw At prepared wiloxcapthepin orveryourseuld andweather, ya inclemency for s e , New Applications for Gun-cotton. frien hould be ain Par water before ung In order to obtain cheap gun-cotton it maybe Fo‘Uigutobvibyato the thoglue ifielty of the sopper getting mado of rage instead of wow cotton. It is Bret drying i n t e mouth of the ve Aigsolved fa any of its eolvents, suchTo asthisetheris ow and sche stn ronal, with tho cover Aloohol, and bevomes eollodion. {Seraporation. cote f'provet the eng oftheof ptt by fidded any of the purest animal and vogotube oil, "A strong olution istoglass, fori thoand ‘new is toto bite gos used ‘made in the same =e an oxedent tte find fe a itcement vebicle.liquid Bywhichadding fnd resins a cement is formed, which muy bo folled out into sheets and stamped inarticles. diet ito eabod, ¥ o m y With ups, faney boxes, snd various other The feonsuant stirring diss ‘oxide of eopper imparts a green color toit, ‘water by means of e water-bath. Add the alcohol, the ebloride of Kime added fenders it nina.and Had continuo the hent fora few minutes. Lastly, table, The addition of Bue fax fbre, or the flocks of wool, renders ieatrong and exible. Te ‘pour foto bottles while iis stil hot, to be an excolleat compound for taking ‘ated Lignid Glue ‘Tako 2 and 15th Is. of glu, and dicotving it fn‘gentle2 and Sr1-0th pts, of water in'a glazed pot over ‘atta required for the 857 purposes of dentistry, the or, what i better, ia the mater bath, ‘Rodsle of jeweller, and sting it fom tne a tine. "Whonall the gas harp and emooth edges andothersides.articles requiring: inlted, Yon. Av. ofaitrio noid (spe. grave ‘The eolodienoll-liqui when very thin, may leo fre to be poured in, in all quantities ata time be varniah for plotares, print, ela, ‘hie addition prods an eforresence, owing to employed us «Artificial ‘he diengegomeatof hyponitro acid. "Whoa all Tu one of his lst leotures Wood. at the “ Consorvatol the acid is added, the yess ie tobe taken from des Arts et MGtirs,” BM. Payen called the atten. the fo, and elt to cool, tion of bis hearers t o the process of making a kind “Avother.-Diescive the best iinglaas in the ststoy arial ody ey bard er Baty strangest (glacial) acai aad And enpable of res iving ' very high polish wud Bote Cement brillant varnieh, Be Tadej, tho ine {his proven, kee very Guo suw-dust, Resin, 15 punta; tallow, 4 (or w a r , 8) tighly dried Fed ochra, 6 partes or Vatopbleck sat. ‘with Ulood from the slaughter-housoy, and sul folont to give calor. Init the by resulting paste to presa. u very I heavy pi ‘obtained the hydraulle Diamond Cement. ‘een encloned in moulds it will take the form of Tsinglany 1 08; dinttled w a t e r , § os; dint moulds, and resembles pisces of ebony carved snd boil down to 802.5 add 1d on of sleohl, bysthe ahial bund. application of thin paste eon: Bei or elie or wast an whe bol ‘Another ouriove ad Jor.of milky emulsion of guia ammonia iat in the formation of brushes; the bristles ar fd5 des. of Gnottre of oasto, i feraoged fn tho pasto while yet soft; the paste is covered by a plate pierced with holes, through Oxychloride of Zine Cement ‘which bristles pass; the preesure is then p= In lghldehloride of sine of 50° to 60° Basuné, Pled andthe brushes Aisnotve 3 por cent of borax or sal ammen! ve cheaper and aro moreobtained, lasting made than ofthew single usual ‘add oxide of rine (zino white) until the mara eof id. ‘Taw artteil wood of Mt. Tadry tach proper conaatence. ‘This comet, when bard, Bo heavi than comton woods Somes as Grin ae marble, Te thay bo cast into

‘moulds Tike plaster, na used in Moeato work. ird Lime, Boil tho mide part 7 of 8 hoart in waters drain itr and oflaythe it holly io Deaps ‘ground, covered with stones, for 2 or $ week,in: thetl Foducedit into rainewater, a wuvilage. and eat kneadthisie intil a feeworn, ‘wash fo fxtrancous matters. Put it into omen pots aad nor will bot for use. An inferior ina fa 8madedays by itbolling ‘ntiit becomes a vise linseed paste, for some hoy, ‘Trannparent Cement Dissolve 15 parts India-rubber in 60 parte of chloroform of Venting, and ald to tho wolation 1S partsNinsther.-—Daleam of matio. of fir is a strong cement when not exposed to beat. Te is to be warmed previously warmed, tho glas, itself nd appliedfort cementing wo. tensed, mousting tis istedobec, et. for broken wall ffs when i fa not to bo washed ia wari waler. {The dhicker the balsam the stronger,evaporation when 0 thin iy bo thiokened by gentle "To make Paper Waterproof Dissolve 8 on. of alum and 38 ox of white e

Blood Cenent for Cupperoithe ‘A cement seed ofby thecoppersmiths toeupper lay overia coraltooftenages sheets of werve ab an cock aditional veourty leak.to thefog,tejoinings, and to cure et, Irom mode Jtby wut toixingbe appli pounded frstquicktine with trea boods tude, us ete hard. If tho properties of this eeuent ro duly. investigated ie would.to which probably38 haebe rund etal for any purposes fever boca aypliolr eis extremely cheap, tnd veryyet daraite. “Entonslogin’s Comet. ‘Toa solution of guin‘ondaiamoniae in poof epige add the bes unite thom witha Aobeut. “The qront tale ofit this comentand hoooutiats forthe readioeas with which melts, itlI tangy eto abet by tre enerolly employed by entomologists Srodintocated parts ofiasest, for whichin rejoining iis very “epanese Cement, or Rice Qtee ‘Thin slegant coment by mixing rie four intinely with oo thon gently Tolling yi is Papers beautifypasiedwhite,together end drierby almost frabaparont. Means

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

own separatewhichin thelr (hi comenttine willat sooner ofSSovanc make” Jing helevofeuroun atc, i paperetter SEALING-WAX. Dive 1, Shotae,ch,2 party dammar relay 2 parts; argandy 1 pra; Vente arpentig, part rds drain part ight of dine, Ae th las with 1 pst of dry ssiptate ed Dark FonBlue-—Ventee 3 oz; 1 Snest shelsg, ear uber turpentine, of lsc’ esi, on; Prausia blue, Tet; earbonsts of magnesia, dr.‘rth "Tbeil oflatLarpeotine two to boaudmadeaddedTato to a theSl melted paste1h Talias and Veto urpentine, Black, 1. Venic, turpentine, 44 08;mixedsella,to 9 pane 08; colophonyy bony lampblac. ail af terpeatiog, Igerivn = Vena andturpentine, & om; shall, on S o r ofasophuny, mucin lempblaak iige with if8 on tprtine elon iblack, Salle, Vout tarpentine, oj amp-i 6 on. ie “C Conmon, for Rien — ox;Retin, 6 ox sh *Wenes trpentng, nupbloc Brows 1, Light Brown.—Venice turpentine,water), 4 stella 74 on? brown earth (Baglin ny 2 tllel 3 of tarpenprepared or vistened Synateclonabar, ot magoete with aeF Te Liyhl4 onBrownj abel, Secondor. Quality —Venlee ta pentine resiy ons Hopish ber on asthe tinnabat,{'os-j prepared chal, 1 ony THE magnesia st dna Veniceember? turpentine, on; fine shelve, 7H ony Baglin Ifonr} maghesia eine 1 Dark Brown— Second Quay —Venie to3. 7 on edophony, on; 1)soll, pening, ngusumber, oz; mugucta ae before, Green VenleeUbon]tarpentin,? thelln, 4 02; eotobony, Kings ox yolloy 4 omy Pruatan Huey Pon Foadgnedie esr brows. utd 1, gol, Venies14 turpentine 4om-; fine shelle #0 5 leaf shettsy browsewitpowdon, 4urpeatine, ox; ange Movs (ecedo fe a pant ol of Than. ve gold tle instead of god leaf snd broats ‘Marbled Mele each evlored wax sopartey, taey begin to grow nollie ipatbee and just 8 et. 1. Fine Carmine War.—-Venis turpentine, 2 cat} inet shale, 4 eslophony, Long Hag Hie yon1d teagnena (lated with Oil 2 ofverulion, torpontog), Pine Hot Venioe turpentine, of4 on;magnesia ahelJag, on sianebar, toms cafbonate {wih3 Avtofthe turpentise), id drfos of lonabar laity with uly 4 Venlo fon; turpentine, dns29 oxsell OF ony (with sol ving, Smubee, y inagness Silo‘Venice turpentine), 1 4 ot; selina 6 0, ealoturpentine, phony do latclnaabat, 2 exlopuony on} mingueia aa clan a ele, Aa tue butte cath Ihe. torpenting, 4 ot; sbllse 54 on Vente ceclophony, magneds As bate 18 of elntabes,1f ca} » Bon; shell

1785 2 on.jeulophony, I uz; verilion, 1 oz, omove froin tho re; aud add } oz rested spirit, Yellow. , 2 oz; shellae, 4 01.5 eolo-a turpentine Venigo phony, 12 02-5 King’s yellow, 2 08.7 magacsi as Beture Perfned Woe. ‘Add to any of the above a small quantityof fine beusoin. Common Bottle Wax.

1. Dark ren, 18 025 shells, 1 084; Deoswaxe 858color with redlend, Ven. 1tian-ted ox ixor topathor and lamp10 bial Z, Resin, 01; beeswax, 1 02.5 color as before Indiacrubbe Court Plaster, A stoutmg frame of wood must wi. bo made,Within sboattie3 and about 1 yards Frame muttlongitulinally be placed 2endsidesacrossof another fra, running no xed fn the futer frame that the 2 picees may sido indepen: dently efinches, each other backward and. boforwards Sout 6 "Tapes of eaavus must tacked Found the inside ofthe inper frame, eo as to form ‘quae for the material to bo sown ny whi Whton dove, the outer two byloop-trames inst bo passed desis Tightly to the menns of « twine ound each, In order Co atatoh perfectly fre fom regularities tho silk or satin proviows to laying the eomportion, To make thein. Plater Dissolve Tndia-rubber naphtha or naphtha and turpentine; lay ton with Bat brush on thethe ‘epposite i to that whioh is intended for platter, When themeasure wi i perfectly dry, andwill thebo Eat fa a grent snpated, Feady forthepartsadhesive material: to Mtusian fouke which {aie equal of Salisbury or ae glue sud the best isnglasg dissolve in a suhelent quan. Uyflat of hogtol water over a wariwaterbath, endroqusito ny oo to withuse while Tt He reat cuution tosnd spread tho plaster evenly and i Ste dieston, a wuticeat nutber of coutog te given to form a smooth surface,pereeptb thre thich the texture of the fubria isnot Each coatingone should ruceceding ts given;be perfectly after whichdry thbefore frau thoIs to‘whorebe placed in of lesituation feeTuiitato from dotthe ryend draught would Tog. Thotwo quaotiy of mustwater beuseda lite and thevari weightse stethe materiale cording to fe acason an the latino strength thoy poatest.Taly, tho plasterwhich,being realy tho eodive the polishing coat, gives aleo Balsam etbet tomater i, » preparation fe madetnein nearly tho tame athe compound ture afpreparation bangla, withthe addition ofoncetoreolyguad ‘This mst bo Tail on vith tras opt forsilithe ispurpose. For uning Hlasters on colored. amly mestsury tere Test the sila shado deeper tun tho colors Quire, cxvses it to appear ile Tighter as tho plaster ‘Tooth Cements ‘Ave onlygo resommaended when the pluggiog decay basi iepr Seeded far that tho ordinary porsble, Those containing mcroury are cjeted Toby many. ‘Shey conic ofan‘The amalgam of aie, fold, or tn, applied waran. following bave CoeTr Anhydrousee porphorie oet ge sed,a , 1 12 auata ihe, 1S gray both atBaelythe powdered ad fbised rapiliyin'etortar im of ing. Einoothe of with the Bnger moistened with a drop trate 2 Aabostos, levigated quarts, made foto ‘with tasteor vara

Artificial Ioory for Photographers gelatine oFWhen gluo entirely are immersed ia a ay, ‘Tablets of Joming. penetrated 9 Spanish Venice turpentine 8 2. seta, ‘bythe eloinina, the slabs ure to be reinoved ded

MACKENZIE'S, and polished lke ivory,

INKS, ete.

PRELIMINARY REMARKS. Ordinary contains of the tantatorblackaniwriting-ink gallstes ofthe proto u nndmixture ses uioxtde of iron. ‘hesoare iasoluble in water, 2nd are suspended by meansto prevent of gun,moulding. Grecsots r estential oils are added ‘Many ae reeeipte for inkyrule, Whose Deli relate, are As givengeneral toe usfoundof vineger, logvood, Inksand salts of copperare'richer i not to beat ecoutendod, so prepared Bret, but wil Todo and aot'on yons, ‘Moat inkdark;is pate when frstto writen but becomes tila sowing oxidation.with, "Such, ink‘When late inkbetterfades,than tiethat fromwhicha fedevonipostion very Black. of tho fg organto over withmatter) infusionit ofmaygullsbe orrestore solution byof brush fero~ ide of potasiuay The durability of any iok {2 impaired by the uso of stosl pens, Writing Piide, used (Star's, Stee when firstsulphate blue in whibh Tok Araoli’e) sontaina phenw's, of which indigo, fe ora Tolle’ Prossian blog. I t is an ile {tuo a muspendd Nate. elation,‘The tameand isnottruemerely of Runge ChromereoTk, Barking Jibs, Containing of bysilver,oyanidesto ofnotpotas, indelible; theyGarton may intebo nitrate renored ths, ar indelible,such as coal-tar dilated with mujh: “Aniline butBlacknotis emoved, nearly indelible; selomish, by chlorineit ‘armed To muke common Dlack Jak, Pour 1 gal ofproviousty beling suftput water onproper1 Ih esof powdered gall fate a Bal" Step the taouth uf the vesse, aad et iets theMearmed aa fnly susan, erin winter where ftor may bn any fr and let stand # dag Then add’4 IB. theof te green vitriol powdered,wilae bing atl wall gtr Moo spatula let i stant again fer 2 or # da Tepeatng the airing, when faadd further tae of gum andArabio dissivel quart of bollngI lastly, 2 or of ala after wb ie strain throogh a coare linea loth “Another.—A good and durable Bask ink moy To 2 pts of be aite by the folowing directions: Water ald $ oz, of the dark-colorel, raugh loge Aleppo galls in gross powder, unl of raped skinned ‘woot green vite, and guin srabie, easy 1 ox "This nisture isto bp putin a convenient vee, n day, for ten ‘and well shaken four or Ave ties fr twelve days, at tho end. of which tite i wll {Le tt tur us, though twill improveby rematalng nger on the ingredients Starl’s Suk (Writing fd). ‘Twelve oz-nut-galls Sor. eachysulphate ofindigoand copperas, afew cloves, 4or 8 of-of gum Art Siete gallon of ink. Tue addition of the wale 859 and Teas Tiable to mould. Tt fs blue when frst rritten with, but soon Uecomes an intense black Chrome Lak (Ranges Ink). ‘This ink is of an excellent blue-black does not fade, no guia, Rows frely froin the pen.and, as"Tt itdoceeontsing nut afect tel peng, Take T oxestractof logwond, pour over it? gts. of bile dng and, wlien the exteast is dissolved, aid Le water, of Yellow chromate of potassa,” ‘Thi ink tan bo uiule for twonty-Bre cunts a gallons It ‘ul into un old inkstani, ie anust Le thoroughly ‘loanted, as ordinary ink decomposes ehruine ik. Writing Fluid. Disgolve Now-corvosice sulphate of indigo (ehemie or Saxony ‘lao) in twelve times ite woight of water, add cate

THE

SURVIVOR Vol.

4

bonate of roe as tong as ofany precipitate falls, Lott water, nearly in 150slenepartsportion,beingTe dries Aiselveasthis the fete tek, ows very freely, and will not corrode pend Tks Leonor BEDE 24 Alizarine Digest parts Aleppo gallswatoe. with 8 parts Dutch Mix 120 parteof watt indigo, 8.2 partsalter.sulphato andsolution sider r2{oF ifonpartsand 2 parts crade acetate of iron solution, gum, eanaotfroinget mvuldy; no. prevented. ink contains de iron uf fheThinby tannato tho sulphate: of indigosAlizrin exes and.waterformedwil into to6 dryness Wevaporatel fore then bot parts with pare One fo exellentiting foi. Tndevracite lnk for Resnting the Action of Cor to em: it is ofhy importance On anmanyfuk occasions and any. process, sndestrctible ploy whch on ster the dosteny equally not Ii Srapplicds iat 29ia £00\gr4 gre. of copay in ower aro to“Woevo black disolved of ail of eat, td sesistance frefence, then’ toby bethe mixed with ofSok24" x weegtsgentle120uf lumpblask gre of ofell 3 gr, of indigo; ttfn lavender, 17 gr. forof redops,lavender and 60o ofgrain il of ink bo found too tarpen"addy A tile ifthe Sermilion, thick: be may Tite ‘Amixture of gensine sepbattana distolved in oil suber varnish and latnpbensine, or ftHaetarpentine would be stil superior useful in Iabelling is partictarly” T h i s " ur eorrsive sube eletsical cesink contalning phialy ances Ik Powder.

‘Take 4 or. powdered gal s, dried sulphato of my Lor. fubvdceed gut, Tog} white sugar, 3 "to wake n yustt of uk with water or beet. MARKING INK. ‘ules Guillier, why ressived five years’ exclusive

Nitratepowdered of ever, yum1 para; diated wae tor, 88" parts; Arable, 20 party atbunate sola, 29theportoarbonut solutionof se, of simnonia, and af. parca” theufDissolve Sbferwards gus (Uy tritsration in a mortar) a thefinmonin water, ‘anddisoive the ‘nitrate of silver in the of sodsthe value eat ad to the carbunate ig very point ink dark. ‘No.2. Nititepower af avergin 5Arabi parts} distilled Wsca tery 13 parts; 8 part Yosateluf sot, 7 parts} solution of amon, 10 parte, dMeat ery ark olor,as Uotore, ‘Thinhy elamps, inkand inheatvery until Uace it andhaa isa {able for marking

A Purple-red Ink for Marking Linen. ‘Tho place where the Tinen is to bo marked Is frat wetted with a solution consisting of 3 ofissolved carbonatein ofTh soda, & drs. then of gumdriedArabis, on.” ofand water, and mocthed. ‘Tho place ia now to ba ‘written ith a solution composed of 1 dr. of chloride oxof Platina dissolved in ® oof distilled water, then Eil owed to dry. When quite dry, the writing is to be painted over with & goose’ feather, moistned with a liquid consisting of one dr. of proto‘bloride of tin lssolvod in oz of dlstiled water, Blue ancl Indelible Black Iu ‘Tako of potassium,Make 1 07a-5 solution fodine, of § drs.j water, fodide402 ofdazolve, 2'0u of ferrooyanide the iodine solution toof potassium the recond.in water. “A Uluo Add pro‘ipitate vill Tal, which, after tering, may ‘bo olved in water forming a blue ink. ‘This blue, ‘added to common fok, renders it indelible. Carmine Ink. Dissolve 10 grs. ofthe best carminoin tho east

1786

ontity possibleof solution of ammonia. Tetit tind for24 hours, and add 24 8. oof dgtiled oto om Spt of Ie place the and wetvioegu happens, asthe soon ofsoralacldent e y wit or lemon ot vwittjuie soupy or uco a weak solaion wits beat hard Theof oxalio acid. To take out Barking Tuk. removed by dadwetting ink ofta potest, markinginary afer: sfeyenide auulttion swith must be ‘The eyanide witanetwater ia vilent Yards washing poison. Carefully bandiad, To make Neo Writing ok Old. infoas ,i inteand 4 ipt willof ‘Take 1d.wariof itsafron, gentoo s with over and inkyand tuen yellow, {toslaving. is ofwaiter whatever Taube Years toany if as appear hd "To Weiteon Greaay Paper or Parchment & sal andwhe of well 1 bandful gall to bulloc’s Pat voegay ice he ntl st so is greaey, put 1 drop parchasont Ttheie fallpaperr Ink, and the dtialty wil be in the nto tantly obviated, To Restore Decayed Writings

‘pentoit spread Tbe mallthe ferrooyaben best hasfeather iGlanewor cut Cono2it of stickshould thpoint.witha‘Though theofaferroeynnide pido Uline Yet ofthe a mo-Tetaf everycolor, trace change no cidtenable sion’ it, upot comes the mout aoa tomcowparison once ow Anand buin whieh beyond fntensity, fall {tsiErtuneal tate.bo care:Tf originalpaper than theofagolorbit ofof thebltting: bMronger hewod corner then llter, ofeo applied neat thethetaining dexterously superivousliqdo, the fsfully{0 hnbibe avoided; measure agrent shment uaybetn fivous fiquor which, wbaarbo the coloring matters Trom theCarseters, must B touches. whatever Wo yo tien not to bring the Blotting:papermullerm contact is oft with ee letter, beta the coloring 360

hilt sheny wet, anauploged sey enslyfr the bemoritio; robbed offet bath The Sed ihornsnhuris andfar tiated at 908 to wll They€ ‘tbe so bo liable ove Sf teenththe’ dentparchment not sv after fo be hich taterthe of degen eh Bronte Prcem — Tho paper or prchaent vruiten on inet rat inet sonal snith dated water Tes thon pasa for 8 sesond Tra solution atafteoxai aid (of aot te 100 of taer) next, wesiogiy Sensing {2°500 of dried,‘ fined water); and.shoullnallybo wasted tun and proces earned ktrardwithenr and proupenesy, thet eny sol dental azcolortion a the paper tay be avoid, ZoThinetaka doe Inprenins fomof Recent Manuscript by means fsbo metal. picoTn orof derfaporto onshowte thebtuaplication of pata ofupon Chine inser, aud iowwe Trloarys then write i t wth nestanon ting ineandaprakle somewhichSnclyproduces powdered sight gs ‘ecie ever the writing feloe Won it Tofa wellth dred andthe arin odor Urvshed funtie meta i poured Tito the seen, andi cool rp, to provent ciysalicotion? ‘howhen ata UoSeretakce inmat of {Sowriting, and, ie aichly rors wne ie oimore adbering Kans bape

MACKENZIE'S: sions may be taken from itas from a eopper-plate, “AnotherintoMethod. Pot a l i t l e sagar a common writin ink, and Tet the writing be executed ‘common paper, sized na usual. 7 method the copyrequires will be nomiami ‘Thie jon, and inay be employed im any

To Produse a Fas-sinileof any Writing. glasa enamel be made pen shoul ‘The ig d of poled vo ha the ely a al point partaboveinktheey, point may be l a r g e enough or moro than s common to bold Ei'much ‘A mizturo of equal parts Frankfurt black, ‘and fresh butter, ia now to be ofsmeared over sheets of paper,and rubbed of after a certain time, ‘The aper, thus ainearod, is to be preseed for aoms ours, taking care to have shots of lot Teper enbetnean cnoh weiting-paper of eho seats af black paper it for use, is pat between sheots of blackenod paper, and the upper sheet ie to lassbe written oF enamelon, pen.with common Dy this writingrink, method, not by onlytho the obtained on which tho pon weites, but also copy two oFis moro, made by moans uf theblackened paper, Sabattate for Copying Machiner,

Ta the common Ine used, dlaalve Tat sogar (1a:,to 101 of f a l ). Molaten theto copying-puper, Shi then pai i t in sot eapepaper abtoropaper he on Peruous moinare, “Pat the molatend Ene mtg, lecthe both between some ofaof orpel paper and either put whole in the folds roll upon a ruler 3 or4 tines To Copy Writings eco of tounslad paper molten exactly of withthe 0 of the paper bo coped, tater, or withthe of ds. ied vinga, 2 Ibe,following dnsolye guid: fein LosTakoof boracis take ox. of oystarthll rust; put thom fornto24 theos tare aquently Wdepentts Ma sediment; ‘iter he vosclea fenpart through nsized papor into x gloss ddlsc 2 theon oflguorthe ina best ward Aleppo pleceysbake gulls braisedWe andfie Jjuonty foramsized 24 hour, thenand Alteradd teto (afer liquor again through paper, Sra: tion, ft ale mdastre, of p a r e water, Tt mn thon tind 24 h o u r s , and Be Sltored ageto ‘howsenorally aafapeaton to dopoiepaperanyassoabeen wot shwith dors. When Utoa absorb igus theput superduous te Between maistore; thio unszedthen papay rerlean thewrting-peper writing to beshovecoped,it andPut'thePats piasmisisaaof {hethroughboardthe ofa rola, elling-press, andprinting proce copper them af done in ites; tidesendsof theeopy thinof themoistened’ weiting mil sppet on Ucth papery ou 208 silo insidea reverted onder andorderdiestion, bt on haaf ‘thor Ta the pataral aud rection the lines. COPPER-PLATE PIINTERS' INK, nk for the rolling-proas it mado of lintendol ‘burnt just as forcowson andi ‘There thea smixed with Frankfurt Muck, printing-ink, Gnely ground, trefa) neoF black certain to proportions, workman most addlagot suit.” Good eaty ink depends fhe purity of the vi, and on its being thoroughly burtod. ast it vceusionally by evvling drop fon{ie thothuisbinsideaadof Singer, an oyster.shell; fel i outbetweeInt und. if i€ druws reads, ik ie Lunt’ enuugh. Weak oll wall hed Waok i withcalleday ofmuchbok blackfay ‘bursed andwith charged at

1787 of indigo, une, Boil 1 hour. Printers Hed luk, Boft varnish and version with white of eggs aot very thick.” Common varuish, red lead aud ‘range. Coleothar is intelible, Blue, Prastian blue and a litte ivory-black with varhand eggt very thick. Common indigo and ‘ariah ; then wash of with boiling loos. Green, j o x i d e of chromium (chrome groon). ‘This ein printing Greenback. @, abiatt,atermarde with roportion the strong above and ‘and cannot be photographed. Itis Perpeual Ink Nase for fcipionse on Tombutncs, Dut they should bo the deepes eee dnd, anddepends perfectly by mixing aboutmaking 3 partsthemof ffect on thatteansparent quality, in oil asthe whole pis‘his ithok is{partformed of lotapbaskao4

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 will io, is tormed strong ink, ‘The obsracter oF thetakoengraving to be printed suitable.” Tt ls cleaned out withdotermines spirite ofwhich tar eat Another Method. Tnstend of Frankfort, or other kinds of black commonly nsed, the following composition maybe Substituted,and will form auch deeper nnd wore ‘beautiful black then enn be obtained by any other

MACKENZIE'S.

Write with weak tld appear, sarcbrashand overwhenwithth to required 17 swrting Mreak olution of ioding} tho eters will appear Thue

CAloride of Cobatt,

‘ill MINGbe green ain haibe loin more rapor. Te cam then brought out tered fo fad for many suecostive tines au Other Syupathete Inks Tf the previcus will weenowof appear nitrate Oot bismuth be concealed feom the spectators, great appearance of Surprite wil be exsited byof theafeather. ting, merely by the dash when infusion‘Theof some gulls ‘Pheboienon wil take placo is peittcn with, and 362, the elt of smut applied

Rrsrporate moltingmeltedthe ptep. With thi coma0 panon uselly fo't als the bers volanee,enTied; dor oaafdlngwilai without the stoneextraerlibary tel Ink for Weiting on Zine Labels Hertiatara ink piDissolve 100A graleeofehoride : of paper any eenuelige ancevards mater of n t fan atsol plntinam Another: Welle on a shest ttrtlneeBxpny te added tenes wthpaper« taneperent infusionsolution of aut ofyalethe adule “Another thoroughly 2 parts (By weight) d i p tne ina transparent enter ore. wellof before tempol, ofwilion. now,Thoon welling, which wa tothe beforeaie Wot water. Alwaye shake using, and aad ae ‘Visio m alight expostre write isi with a qull farms eporiment gute Baewil "Abe nestor way. of performing wil Weeppen. manyWriliogs youre made on zine {his by smearing thesotution wettenof paris o v e r witha feather dipped in th Tdienints Tie mnetaa eal;and tema aso bewiththe Tet ory or upblack bo mixed with a small ‘with rovere infsion. by wetting t h e alt smearing portion o f ’ Prussian bine or tiga for, blue ‘dvathen-~fa Ieiron, ter bethewriten inserption with aolaely torte nue bckYredstebe ar vated anyw. ithlier raw tion'of spate of willby bo crowe,burntandinsta aber, U t e , Savi but i wancrasin be rubbed ovr o¢ t h e blue, ter n brows Vack. eatherappear dip ed ofins« solution ofUaeprosiateof pasta, ‘These should be astied Genttagetber beautiful eslor jue (lehapr mil iw aalenrweakIbe gun: ae itll “Avoilere= bismuth. Writes TheletterTeles with wilaalation of ic ve tionwaeron foat alviguing” them "When very del One, toin trsto‘of be invite {Sean mnttah feather bo now dipped im a solutionpaper,of thethe tterhe contatence of with 8 pastethem;lt ththacwill e glutinous tet Yes the elo, ve oyeyellow and ruubed polars bo well mized be found Drusslatoot ‘writing will appeat af beaut fsuftdently stong. which ‘eis the compedtany Shslonad by a formation of prusrat ofof Vawth. toast preventsknull fubbingefthy theas toush Todina? “Anotker”_Weite with olution sugar (orof oe dreiage Se uandled ighily at pes dead” or tartar eet; iolsten the wrting Toortauch gam ia tho compoaton wi Anring) augas. expose ta a willcurrenttara ofMask, sulpburetad rosie an afunsive gious, Uydrogen Tho lead and the “voter Method, tian Orange brown. Ihlnglas, 6 on, aod 12 on of tnt water ese Genie Landucepes inte ney Ad0 Ton of road Iquorin, geod ‘Thea are dean priya and partly pth mel.”ce Saporae of geauine toivorywaterUk:in balueut and Sr mathe in sympathetie inks, wih oak re only visio whica ‘whole Another Method. gently heated. The picture represents ordinarily Ti, au form th siks or ces pound a oflawulampbluck very finoblueor winter scene, batreso,whenandheated the andsky fruit becomesare "A Subvis for Indian. ranOnethrough sieves 202groundof Prussian iit, te Teaves owere wal boiled Boll parohment slips o outtngs uf ovo-lenther teen, Tie fateas areas follows: Gren, eo very fines or.4 ozof ofspirit Unseod-oil, roundskinned; formes aie, ofwhieh,jel ywhenthen, eosbavlogbos File of nick Une, pure chloride or acta of 0. fod of turpentine, very4 incueswaterof Athel i corsstsnce leary dcx of eoftvaralahy or neat’ alt geo, eblride of copper} devon, bested bromideit Uinckened an earthen plato by bolding overt ot nite oo’ highly top burned off by several tines af fuecanZto, ix up,tuswitscbtloed x ene-bai pen then putighttheed fae Dapor., Last these Lo well wixedapplying Si the lumpblaek with some Whole io a jug, place that ina pan, and bail oun St the above aif walle the plate a sil warms ay carefully 1 hour. ‘Tha requteeocolor,no hich grinding,werkand at praises an COLORED INKS, ink{he pofenbas the same fcly With ‘A Fine Black Printivg-Ink a n t e g n a le goin lab e and is a esfotlyWranaparcat as the ota gol 2 Lol, without Prostian blue, ten indienin pars, Arable, to1 E pat,properero rubbed up'with water ‘il reduced onditton s riturate in a mortar Siteer equal Jub, parte of INKS. Tn. secured icon pot(8re outside when possi- SympathetioSYMPATHETIC foil inks aro with, such buta1 whieh donot mngyappearbo and sulphate of potasss, until reduced silver bie) boil 12 gulls of nut oF linveed-oil; stir with ace they ato writen t o . fine iron lad, lng hand ppowiler; then wash outtho eat, and mix the resiSado to appear it plenaure by certain eats tobe conver parily over aot t h reby lighted ue with a mucilage of equal parte of guus Arabic tied for Ghat purjose. A visoly uf subetances eae apnied hep ating we ad and water, have beenflowing urod'nseyipathetio take, suony wid re hourat least (or til the sily parti Brown tuk, ate the ‘amt; them all 1 Ih of onluns euttn pieces, Digest powdered eatechu, 4 parts, with water, ‘fow crusts of brond, to get out the fesidue of Chloride of Gold and Tin Golpat rans bours leof andpotasts,dd wala ‘Sl; Mao varnish, 16 o2-; fue lampblack, 3 02.5 Write with a solution of gold in aque regi of hsolitionof bishromate Joved fadigo, 02, Boil well T hour, Yb of water, 1 1 oe part In ani atthe paper dry gently ie the shade.” Naik ingsrl will solution appear, ofbuttnUeawin aqua s spongeropa,overnod fythewetted Yellow Fak. Good Common Printing-Tak, we Macerate gatoboge, part (or); alam, 4 part; ‘Take 18 of, of varnish, 4 oof Iinzeed-oll well, Ting will iuinedtately spew, of a purple core gum Arable, T pat, in aetieaeid, 1 part and wae boiled, of, of clear oil of turpentine,18 om of ter, 24 pa ‘Storch and Todive fe Tauopblack, 2 vs. of Prustian blue, Sno, Tos.

PRINTERS’ INK. ‘Ton or 12 galls oftromnatorpotlinsced-fl aeto wtbot overTt theJn thenAronasiredlargewith and brought an vapor from ladle; aadfromwhitit ether lle ing, the indammable arising tales tre thisof itself or about iy Kindled4, bouryandsthe eifered ta ‘rm in way for pot be ail covered so at totheregula Fame, and consequently beat communiated ta he{hat olesthe whole feequenty sired during this may bo houted equally; ether artPho would be charred and the Fest left impertes Maio i then extinguished by eately ngfof itstheunstuone pot. ‘Thoqualityoll destroyed; ky this proces,and when bas cover much ead {8falled of thevarnish, consistenceAfterof thisof iti turpentine; i t i s then ink by taisture with the requisite quantitymadeof into lampblac, 361 of forthe 1805. ot 24 aboot whish af{he'prepared cil, Tho aeol suliient loses by boiling oflensive end ents acoverymade weigh, additions ofSevorat its otter SSodt to tho fame.during the boiling, uch aa eruate of bred, fitSion ant sometimes Curpentin. ‘Thosof arotet kent "The intention

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Blas Ink: ‘Tritorate best Prussian blug, 6 part, with 920. lution of Tpart of oxalic acli'in 8 20uf addwater,gradend towards the end of 2 of an hour or ally got Arabic, 18 parts, and water, 280, "Pout on'elear, Red Inks 1 . Pornambuco-wool, of tartar, each 1 part, with4 pa30 of water; boll dowa tof party Tet stand pour of ter, and disolv Inthe liguid goin Arabic, 14 parts; white sugay,1 part 2 Digest powdered eachineal, 8 parts, and extDonate of potash, 18 parts 14 of mater for 24 Tours; up withof powdered alum, parts 4 pars,of and ald then24 bolof ereum tartar, with tartaric acid, and, when eflervestonce hat exad, another letpartevo,of the produceoa ilor; Str, meld, and or bullenoughthe to residue Slter with 12 ports of water} Slter ago, sox the Jiqulis ig, and andTaatlydissolvepartin them of oll 24 of parts cloves,of gumNo Arte ion vessels must bo used in this proces. eochiseat, acid,‘3. Digest 2 parts;powdered dilute acetio acid, 8016 parts; parts; oxalls dsl. Tederedwater, 0 parts fur 38 hours; then add pow. alu, I party uaa up, let stand for 12 hours, Arabic, and strain1 to 10; ebake '{ Dissolve 1 part of carting ia 8 to 10 parte of aqua ammonia, und add mucilage of gum Arable ‘nuficient to reduce it properly. Violet Fuk. ‘Bight parts of logwvod 64 parte oil down to one.half, hen andstraia and addof wat pat ‘of ebloride of tin, Green Inks, 1, Digest 1 part of gaunboge with from7 to10 the blte inkbichromate of : potases § part paris2. Toof puwdered ‘oniained in & porccluin ash, aad oll of vita 8 ‘parts, previously diluted with 64 of water; Chen Frat'and, while evaporating,add) gradually 24 parts and liquor reduce dissolve £0 58 parts, which gumflfer, andof jn thoatovhol,clear 8 partsof ‘Arabic,

Crime Lik ‘A‘eautifl crimson nk inkyia shadeabouby equal ining parsred inje Nor I with the violet vill"iheanswer given areof those ofArabic weight, prevent notm the wre.no particles “tepartstaellage om of color flling to thoto Uttom ithe forma of u sedioent, Sugar gives inks glosy Sppearane, it sbould be uedat SEU able fo batmakeverytheItenk ofsticky. METALLURGY. ASSAYING OF METALLIC ORES.

1788

great; wo that abilthe contents of determine tho ore, obtained Byte aaseyy senrataly hy such Zelative proportion tho quantity #0 bo expected ras any" welght of te ofo oa slargse scale. unating the Ore Tn the ltting of the oeet caredierent shouldspecimens, bo taken tobave sual portion frou trhichor shoul be pulverized, and wellqiantty mixed oftn thean Ton bast wore, ‘The proper ‘now taken, andinto ifa itsrucibie eontain oreither sulphurx= i s pt tert, and posed moderate degreethi of volatilization hat ill no vapor S{Nid ince toa from it To asst small quantity of powdered chareoa! some Pleson ‘To asset th fasion of conmested tho ors, withand tothemconvert ‘hefcoria,sssayers extrancsus wvtatters foto diferent kins of Bux. Tho ‘oat rue! and efleaions materials forthe oom Postion of theso are, borax erent Bur of tarry ni {slral amsmoniag,somusou elt pass epaycha poder, pita lun, tig, ato, im dierent operton Phe process of made whichforthe we aepurpove speakingof fnSicertaining merelythe an wholeexperiment, wlat endthethenature of tho sta eon= Gained in the oe, pro bears to the ater the Wit ldstanalexpeoee ine furred byi oiploying aiid fustend of weyetelle Shareoul net to be regarded, partoglaly when {neherbyinerensed fusibiity of tho ore occasioned considered, Crude or White Ph. ‘This consate of 1 parttogether of nite and 2 of eream of tartar, wall mixed Black Flas ‘Tho above erado fu detonates by bemeans electedof srindied ebureeal, and it the detonation fu'n mortar ofslighily becomestn blacks {sa miatare carbonat covered of potuse charcoal It Gurioh Heducing Plax, Mix‘a0 well together cream1drof oftartar, 8 dra of uitro, 10audom, 3 ofox.and brea, 8 Cornish Hefining Plus, an of sfterwarde pulverie,2 parts of siloDofagrate, an | part ere of tartar ‘Thoubovethe ores Auxesbe answer the ofpurpose verysulphur, wel, provided deprived all t h e i r Sri contain easuck arthy unttere; {invertthetheylatter se they unit ewith thes andbu-wuse, em” thon into tba glass; but any quany ‘Sfformulphur romain, these whieh fzer unite wi power i andof a liver of wulphur, les the jestrayingho anaiay portionunderof such all theeloctstances metas conse{iweutly Bevery inacourate, ‘The principal difeultynantin

ressying appears to bo in tho appropriation of taxesthatto such each a diseriminatiog particular ore, kaowland. it Before nti ore aro marked upoingulre.in whatthe theIikeiteproperappears largo wey, ik wil be necessary of i to to be found fdge can only bo acquired frvan an extensive prace

of metal ad what portion fore of the ore; to discover ina determiaatei bo quantity worth while to extract largely, End mannerthatthe process os is what fo answer purpose, ia toThobe sonducted, knowledge equisite for tis is eallod the art of assuying. ‘Assay of Ores iu the Dry Way. insont,‘The the dryassaying Or molstof ores way; maythe befaperformed is (bo mostsider and, in inany respects th tmost advaata: 363

rou, and consequently still continues to be eoaty sed. mondo either with the sat‘Ausys of toareellos, or in tatsIn erucbles under 8 lle, seay Weight, ‘Tho meay weights are always imaginary, somsun adgean ouneo representssubdivided a hundredwelght, on aefutnberof sets, and fa te nine paras tstut honredweight in the

“In astaying wo are a liberty to uso the wost cxpensive waterials to eMeot our purpose, hence the use of diferent saline fluxes; but in the work ig at large cannot Uemetals applied, as by suchsuch expensive processes means the inferior frould be too much enbineed in value, expecially inwhiehworking very poor in smelting works,ores,whereTn theconsequence object is theof oduotion aroof used, auetals insuch thoas fimestoue, great way, ebeaper aitions fll fuor-epar, quarts, Sandy slate, and slog aSfre theto operator be chosenandaecording the natureto the of thediferent ores. views ‘Thus fron ores,on acou ntof tho argillaceousea contain require calcareous ations, and the cop of itrscent ate, dan ores rather perfaleareous earth, sage Husid Aseny of Metall Ore ‘Tho mode of assaying ores for their partioular

MACKENZIE'S. metals by the dry way i 0 fur as relates (o pointing out the differentdeficient, substances connestedby with thei, because they are always destroyed. the proceas for obtaining metal. The ‘say by the moldt way ie themoreaesaycorres, the diferent substances can be accurately beeatse uacet~ tained,

Dry Assay of Iron Oren Mix 100 gra. of100 thegr ore,of thoroughly powdered, with from 30\to calcined bora. Gosh Sends upon ih ore, ndof eller ia to bo inoreased with tho Torign nutter. Ie the ore eontaine sulphur, sess Best Herouated. ‘The anature i introduced into ible lined with chiuteoal, covered with. powdered ‘hareoa,on which fs iid a pleoo of charcoal, ‘The rucile is then closed,heattheforam corerhour,Iutel ‘Thon, andion Submitted to m white fund nh arthe quality of ton ntpig ion is ot which yar, u t gives abuse uf the vil Be obtained frat the es Humid Amay of Tron Ore. Poet's method the relativo quantity of ie protoxide asurteandand dstrnines perexilo in aato ‘rs whioh in often Geslablos “Tho only aves which it cannot those couuon containingi frsenious ac, andbo thiapplied ie nolareavery sredient Dissolve the ororound-bottomed in murat acid, andand iter, Pattightly into’anil sual ask, eo realy to bol rele tp of oppen

“aulply the at will Volumetric Asay of Tron Ore (Percy). Heat 10 gra of iron-ote, finely pulverized, with strong bydrocblorie acid, for} an hour, in eon fal-sbuped fask with inthe nock hen decomposition isa fone completeinserted dilate with water acidulated with eulpbutie theaeld,solution and Ail a f o w pieces of granulated ine aad boil until Al traces of yellow evlor disappear, or the sulution remains af pale groom tin and free from fine particles of tino. ‘ranster to'n white poreeJn sh, and dilute ty 20 on. with distil ed water, When cold it is ready for tenting with the fllowing‘Dissolve tolution. 60 gra, of crystallized permanganate f potas in 20 02, of distilled water, and keep it in tightly corked bottle, marked "Standard Solution ‘Permanganato of Potassn.”. ‘To eecertain the of this solution, dissolve 10° gee. of iran standard phino wito in dilute bydrosblorio aeld in « nrrow-uouth with gentle heat. Dilute to 10 0x. Tako 1 Gask o2,of thediuted iron solation and dilate to 20 os, with distilled waterin a white poralain dis, Allow ‘the solution of permanganate to ran slowly from a graduated pipette, tiring eon ancly in until the solution faint pink Goler.” Neoord the aimount adstuer'a weed, thie representa Vgr. of metalic iron. in the tame manner to testthe aclation of ‘Proceed ore first obtained, noting the amount requi {to produce the drst tint of pink eulor. Divide imoant by tho amaunts required for 1 ge of th and iron, the result is the number of grains of ‘metallic iron eontsined in the ore. Tin Ores. ‘Mix a quintal of tin ore, previously washed,

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 pplverited, and roasted il uo. arsenical_ vapor {rives, with hulf quiatal of calcined borax, and {he put sane quantity {tobe in a crucibleof pulverized Iined with pitch; charcoal,theeewhichare it placed in an airfurnace. "After the pitch ia ‘aknt, a violent heat fora quarter of an hour, and on givewithdrawing the erucibe, the regulus will fe found at the bottom. If tho are be not well wash willfrombe earthy ‘Borax requisite,matters with some «larger powderedquantity glassof fand if the ore contain iron, somo alkaline salt nay Deadded. In the Hussid Way. Dissolve the ore in hot muriatio seid, pase Ghrough the solution a current of ulphurctted precipitateniteo 1bhydmagen subse, in addlargeto excess, i, oth theAllowaid theuf beat, Iphuretted hydrogen is given af. hie transforais tin intoStannio stanieacidacid,contains wash ‘earofully, dry, andthoweigh. ‘TROL per cout of tin. Lead Ores, ‘An most of the lead ores contain cor arveni, they require to be well 2 quintal of roasted ore, with the same quantity of calcined bores, 4 a quintal of fino powdered lass, 4 of a quintal pte, andwith as wetted much clean fron tlings, “Line theof crucible char oal-dust, and put the mixture into the erveible, fand placo it ‘ellbeforeot, thoraisebellows the Oreof forforge-ire 18: or 20 minutes; then withdray the erueible aud break it ‘when cold In the Humid Woy. Powder the ore (Galena) Suely. Moiaten with faming aitrio acid and digest the sand-ath. ‘Tals’ converte the whole lato onsulphate of lead, Dilute with water and Site. ‘The insoluble su phate of Teaddeywillit, remain Thoroughly, and weightn the—100Alter.parts Wash of sulphato of lead contain 78.56 parts of oxide of lead [ind 68.286 of metalic Tead. Zine Ores, ‘Take the aasey weight of roasted ore, and mix 1‘Into wellstrong with one-eighth part of retort, charoosl-dust, put luted earthen to whieh tat De fitted receiver place tho retort in a furnace ‘and raise the fir, and continue itn a violent heat {or two houra; sufer it then to cool gradually, and tho bo found form. adhering to the neck of the rotorttinei wilits wetalie In he Humid Woy (Perey)

Bizet ie with or Tew drops of hydros arty water 2 pats, Eble aid 110 carbonate of anion qual bulkBel.'A.of dated 5 ler and tsk the SThrate disating 1010 Make g5mra ofSola itandard pureb. tne tlation tn mitre ofacdine andby diluting 7 of Mae's soltion of oulphide of sous, tox saturated to 10 02. of distilcd water SL“Take of solution solution chlorideamauta; af ron, $0;separadite water, Buz; add agua Ue “Take fon. of “Shake. “ByBul, i De 5 dilate to 8 on; ad solution atSf solution Dy and1 on.j takegradually fas tograduated pipeleof solution Cy ail the mixture Band D (airing rapiliyto change all te white) antl the Aocsulend iron tiyins solur Co grayiah tack. "Makoof a woltion iemoranduen of the ‘This puurber of {raduations ‘required. ft Stout of 1g.euipidef sviluth uecessary to pre tiptato of malic sno 4 Ofof solution AD, (diluted to 12 with oz) equal 6 xjStedMakeaddpipette solution 2 o1-} then gradae fn stowiythane the solution Aicetlen tronrun bogie eter C auntilbeforetho

‘The the cate ee

MACKENZIE'S 1789 In the Humid Was number of graduations divided by Bismuth is easily in nite actd or aqua, nniuber used in the formerrequired experiment indie regia. Is solution iysoluble colorless and ia precipitable the numberof grains of wetsilic z i n e in water; 118 gra. of the af the ore, and epretent he per ovatage10 By the addition of pure acid, well washed and nitro from precipitate Gridy aro equal to 100 of ismuth In its mstallic Copper Oree fora!

sn exact troyouncei wll;of theate ore, previously pulverized, an ealine athe inethe Sith an fon tod without e a u v i n g (etre Sruciie; after thetho clsnation add'th equal questhe {iy ofitybornay quantity of fusible giatat of surface pts, adof thoItoerveble charcoalwithdustsa fabpaslg Toner composed of shareoal-dust mass newith. powlored clay, and water. Cover the lila co ful and pat a lid upon 2

Continued in it for} hour aticeog the metal fee guetly anto can ved appears and whenclear, the thesta Shieh with Adheros tho rod n the Srucible must be taken out and suered to ceoly fer which itabust be broken and: the regula Separated and weighed. ‘This ts clled lack cope ery ogual pasto oftogethor common heoat find nitotro refuoare which to bo well mized Biack copperat theie brought into fusion anda te Spoontel flex tswhenthrowa upon i whlch ie fopeated 3 or 4 tes, tho metal is" poured Into tn ingot mould tod tho button fie coppers In the Hunid Way. i found tobe timeMake » solution of

asa Aisolve the vteol thus formed, "To this lets ‘uid a clean barcopper of fron,in itawhichmetals will prosipitate thothe ‘whole of the form. I TThu olation Ue bere-disolved contaminatedin thewith sumeioty ianosr the copper sad esiptated again. ho aulphur mey bo spe rated by flttetion. alii 865 Volumetric Aucy of Copper Ores. (Perey) Dissolve 10 gre of withth enpper ore fasly puverlaed nad molsoned string aulpharia ash,tadin firong n i t r o u s , adding tho acid gradually Ihent theadd» fumer‘af hyponiteio acdwaterceaseand to bolbe rulved, small amount of fora for minaten Dilute to will10 ozbeooweand treat with in exceaand i t of & Jeepth See'asido to evo, and prepare Dianolve. in 80020 gee of Stiled gran f sarpotaaium Ss, of Sr tightSalton atoppered bolle of thePe dard Gyuaide neni? "To 10ascertain the standard copper of this indisl Un, iscolve gee of eectrotype testis eidluceand to10boll os:to expel hype wataod furnes, and with ditlod ike iedofthiswater,elution Lox, andthe dilate to $2.eyanie wi and allow standard lution to Bow verypipette,slowlyanddatonoteit atthe ioterely, from a gradvatel auoun tied (o Gender i hear Colorieas,” This: process {kes from 4 to f of an hour, Proceed in the fae manner 1 fst the sation of oe Sato itinea,to'snotingfaint the Hagesinount requiredamos to oduco tbo lor Divide this by the forgeof ofgrata metallicof netalis sopper, nd untthe fod recitethorequirednutuboe Ir the ore be mineralized by sulphur,or sulphur tnd will bo noctssnty. ‘The iron, stronga previous ‘ores requireroasting no roasting, beweight reduced to. fino powder. Takebutthe onlyaacayto und aniz the quantity of eal. fined borax, and theit withsamehalfof pounded glass; line the crucible with charcoal, m o l t it as parle, and hen well dong ake ot quiedly the crac le and ferit cool ge found at the bottom.

Antimonial ores ‘Tako « coromon crucible, of erie small hMomalos size in thosmaller, bottom,luting and them piscborewellfeinanumber other patInto thethe upper proper erteble, quantifyandof lateore thereon intogether; nal & gotomythen Plice these orsls on 6 fn. earth andfromsurround tiemthe Irth stones about distant them Tolcrmodiate space crucible aunt bo mayBled be withcovered ares, with19 ‘hat tho uodertnost hein; Dutwholesponmadethe rel'hot wpper charcoal smut bo I of fn tho by the azsatamse ‘ited bellows and‘ho rune nntinony Being ofholed easy offasionthe ipper e reperated, throogh tho ited veal iuto the fnforior one, whereit i ole “Hund Antay of Arseniated Antimony. iesolve by thofiltration, ore in agus roginy theth sluton eulphar toi separated Evaporate Apnea aud beat Uslow redness untaotimonio al the mites fell ie expeled. ‘Tho rovulting Sontag 76.9 por cont. of metalic antimony. acid ‘Banganese Oren ‘The reguls i s obtained byaking mixing fSnto the eaxa ballor oveSpotting of tanganero with ol, it intoof aneracible lined with powdered Sharla LH0th toch on t h e tide, fof St'inch ac bottom; theo Sling the emptyand apace wrth chareoal-dost, covering theand crite withit Another lnveried and luted, exposing {o'the forge for an hour or tore: strongort “The we 18heatvery ofdificult to rece Aruenical Ores ‘This sasay by sublimation fn close acl Beat tho ore into small n'apiecesaadepot and pat with them into matrasy, which place degree of ‘ndheat.”airesTho toarsenic Troper thie operation the sublines epper part afa thewritevetse;viewwhento sacerain it must bote carefully weight. collested, A single Tlimation will not be aufielnt Tt ister to Perform first sublimation » moderate Hsse,‘and theafterwards brutse thewith remainder and expose it to n nronger heat, ‘The addition uf hteoal fa useful. In the Humid Way. Digest the ore nits by degrees, to helpin moriatic the solution.acid, adding ‘The sulphur wre found onthe Slters the arsnie wil emain Jn‘otalio the solution; in ile form by and boilingnaywithbe xprecipitated stip of eepper. Nickel Ore.

the nlokely hebut proper the redder in of thisthe more in ore3 ontainn. qunality rssted In 'Tosed infofan'open etvlbl,snd with twigs orevered thrice blue ux, the whole wrth common Hout ent of Dy forge exposing the eoling crucible theto Tho{sionstrongest Bre, and complete ygulir wil be aproduced. hiaaregulun i not p a r e , but cuntsine portion of io cabalt, and iron. Of the rt ie tay ‘be tpowderel charcoals and of foation. Trood fromBuethe iision.with didicuty that it is enteely Jn the Hui Woy. solution in ilefs aid it io feed from ita sulphur; and addingbe water to the solution, Tismuthy if any, by may precipitated; as may silver, if contained iy by murat acid; and eop, when any, by iroae Peja separate cobalt from nickel, thetotation two died oxides

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 vith distilled water. ‘The liquor is sxtorated with blorine, and when cold, an excess of precipitated ‘oerbonale set aside for 18 hours,of baryea when thoadded. eobale Ttwillis then Ue precipitated fF aeaquioxlde, while tho nickel will rowain in ‘olution. Cobatt Oren,

‘Freeby them as mush as andpstible fromsulphur earthy mat. tore well wesbing, fru and aro So‘Dicedty roasting. ‘Theof orblackthusfive,propared ito bo with 3 parts and lite ropltetedsetsal;. pitplasethe itmistare ia a tnedot rutile over i, and in a forgosire, Snfuslon.hot faraaco, fr thi oro i very difheall of ‘Whenat wll fused, &covered metalisithregulusseoriawill ofbo& foand the Dott, deep blue thief color} redced an imoby allthe Cobalt ores contain Disbuth samo operation theof chetleally regulus of uniting cobalt; but as theytheyare aveincapable together, alway found dating feo ego other in the rac ‘The rguluei slwaye of bismuth haviogbottoma gresid ater tyspecitebo ravi, atthe Separated by a blow with « banomet, In the Hamid Way. Make solation of the ore in itso acid ot

1790 ‘any oe should undissolved; ‘what ofis theadherent to theemain hook when rage frouend theif ‘rue again, and. the extremity ‘of the hook,meltsafterquickly itt grown cold istoorifeation covered withis ‘thin, shining smooth o r u s t , the pefect; but, on the contrary, i, while tiring i, Eny considerablo clamimineer in the ‘eoria, aud when it adheret toia theperceived hook, though ol‘ustybot, and appears unequally Uinged, and seetbe ce rough, with graine interspersed here and thore, the seorifeaton i incomplete; in conse quence of which the fre should. bo increased a Tide, hooka smal shouldadiebe gently andbestenwhatof adberee and returnedto thewith {nto again. - When the eeoribeation is Verfot,the theerucible metal should be poured into a cone, rubbed with a Tittle tallow, and. when [i reviowsly ecoraes cod, the ecoria may be separated by ow strokes of a bawuer. ‘The button is the pron ‘duce of the neany.

By Cupattaion. ‘Toko to asay qhanttyof ofkaro er, roast and inagrind i2t orit party an onalaud pavtion divide rap each up ieseasoned sama plenot papers put's cupel: previously Sera Tnuie, with about 6"times the. quany of lead pom f e ” When te lead! bop to works carey 866 putTordone patof theon'a papers ponandit guand oneftertl this abe 0 regia ait evaporate t o : ryan; he sound, the whole ‘Hunn, traded with the neti ac1, wil yleld to it quantity is itcoduoudy hen vale the Oe and an iheby tbehei”addonhe arent tsat formed ie wilsilver bowilltakenremain up bythe af watersoul beta pected ‘heTtocin opel and. Lae the aloe,the ‘ T i s rl be the produce of the assay, w a l e s Mersuriat Oven ‘The eoleiorm ores of mereury are easily re- ical containe wal tion of silver, which may

duced any addition. A quintal working it of at ff pt without Into a olor, and a receiver luted of on,the ou!ore the some timo; if any silver findbe produced it mastthe taining some water; the retort is placed’ ina be deducted from the assay. ‘This ts called sand-tath, heat given it,in to force overand thea sudicient mercury degree Which lyof eouddused In the Hywid Way— Gayin nels Luseac'sacid.Method. th water of the reseiver. Dissolve the oro or cain Pe Sulphureted Merourial Ores ‘The eulphurous ores aro assayed by dintilation

fciver, “Theveknoworeswhether shuld it Wewise the pur-for will anewerbe tied to innate, lve uf extracting i fom Uhem for thie dete Ininate ofves), the ore powdered and put int quantity a elisa whichista Gnclyexposed to a gene Tienothing: heat more at Bret, aod graduallytho increased is sublimely quantity thustil fequrel, a frdgment tay be formed whsther the iocets answer.colorSuites this cionabur ht of #0willively'a as that which Is used isia fo; in Unis eage ie may be refine by a second tublination, and if be sil of too data calor, Hinay be brightened by the addition of a quantity fr mercury, and subliaing it again, Humid Aaay of Cinnabar. ‘The stony dissolvedin should nitric cid, and the mutzix cinnabar should being be disengage, ‘e builed in 8 oF 10 tines is weight uf aqua regia, composedThe of meroury 3 parts ofmaynitric, and 1 of muriutio. eid. bo precipitated iu the ielalie form by sino. Siteer Ore ‘Take andthe assay dered, roast quantity i well inof a theproperore finely legteepowof font airsingheIt with ods then fad tofrequenty ttabout double quantityan fron of granilated Tend, pat itn eraciti, at aad it in & furnate; raise atecovered fire gently rt, andplacecontinue to inerenge it gradually, tthe metal beginsthineto appear tuo thie male it shauld ‘works Ber by the addition a tle more lead;shouldif thebe fetal should ‘The boil surface tooof rapidly, the fire will’be covered by do‘tiainished. time the teoria, of tats with freee Seta should ‘bo carefully atsteed.which with an iron Hook heated, expecially towards tho border, lest

‘Ada th solution appearsaf noun of ung ulation,no. andprecipitate coneeqsenty acter fined without further weighing. ‘To corest tho Fesule m standard silver solution is used nt tbe ato Appliedte,toteandrestanyof correction the essay. it may requirei To Auay the Value of Siee. ‘Tho general method of examining the partyof siiyer i by tomixing ie with a quantity lead pro-by portionate the nopposed portion ofof alloy? Testing thie mixture, and afteewarde weighing the Femaising button of silver. "This is the tame ror eauTesas ruining silver by eupalition, supposed that the of sliver tobe ex amined consists of 12 oqualmasspart, called peony: sreighte; ao that if an ingot weighs Ton» cash of Thetpards bo iti 1120hcalled02" silver Henco,af 12 dwta rif ttFe contain elver bowill purey 113K of its weight of alloy ft aod Bliver of 1 dts 2-T2tha of ite weight eis ealled silver of 10 diay which parts beofallopare silverore thatare assayers called 5 givedws,the name it mustdt botomobserved weight seal geey which mast ‘not be etn: Bt to fehuel funded with thoit astyer! a are called fine grideal Anweight.gotof‘Theneler Srailver of 12 dues, contain, then, 288 8Oneallgragfo alley, ie i contain 0 288th Afbo tisilvergotof conta Lt dvts, and 23 gra; EExGSth co be must Ai dole,be takes 20 gray Ste. Nowof aallay, ccriain Ssouh real welght Feyresent the 12 fiaseny-weightsy etcropresent dws; (hlsfor ie instance, eubivided36 real ito F'hunteleot nuniber of othor stualer weights rhe tao represent of dinefine dtsdwts;and3 anus, 18 real gra fractions tepresent oa ges represnt 24 ge s pe Thveprereal eas represent 12 gra.;ne 1-920dorof oxateal

MACKENZIE'S sents $ of a fine ge, which is only 17524 part af fuses of 12 dwt Dente Ausy of Sitver. Ttis customary make be& double silver for the assay toshould taken femassy.oppos‘The fides tried theon avaluetovshaf Hone. ‘Asinyeraof theknowingot,prettyand nearly alvor tuerely by the Louk of tho ingot, aud stil better Uyleadthoto testbo ofaddedtho istouh-ttone. regulated by‘Thethe quantity portionafof alloy, ‘which ‘being in general cuppet, will be ‘beatly a8 follows

867 OF atverdint. gr. dt.gr. Requires from WCw—— Som stbw 6)o)e3 gE{'s'ou |e 9112 0 we | es2S iol #) cist 610 Wtots| BS Slot 112 ‘Otis [Ee Tite 018heated bt.) F bale an ‘The cupel must bo recat for howr ture anyineayelted, metal patWhensponthe them byie sinoat whch AiVtmcituve eupe Teal Become is put foto andthe ce TRereosed til the Tend red-hot, mokingy gitaed by a motion of all i t e parts allaon itsthe cup eitulation,” Then the avery C0 be pat andTeady the Seeand sontinuod ilmassthe alyeiulatesbas ‘tered the when tho trl the theheatdoorwastof bethe diieshed by slosing more Urless aeay formate, Tip Beatsnr Should be'eo regulate, that tho metal on its fase anay apa eonvexthe andsmokeardent, wiletothethe aye vfs rods that shall ree {oot‘al ofthe sale; andthatthatundulations shalof tho be metmade divctionss tho mide Ssruich hal s speae smooth, withibida sina by icothe eupel. of Iitbarge,iy continually Tie treasnent the eupel, Lead andand. alloytho willbesilver eotisly Storbad by the become inight and shuing, when 3 is aid (0 Dighton; tfter wich, if the peration hae heen well pers formed, "which the silver wit umdulate. bo covered.andwitcrossrainbow lor guiely each Sthen? aod then the button ‘becomes fixed and ‘ol‘Tho diwinution of weight shows the qusntity offiver,alloy.aa equal Ag alweight lead Gomitos ose portion of with that used la te at istested off und Thisthe portion product i deducted frowits, m the fesay-weight. called the rau’ Metall Art,

Ly Specific Gravity. ‘The approximate weight of silver or gold in a ‘magget be determined by ealeulution rom its tecific may gravity. Sco Miscutiaxtous, vee and Eurthe Containing Gold ‘That which is now most generally used is by smalgewation. ‘The proper quantity isof taken an Feduged tou powder; about one-teuth ts weight Gffatedparein quicksilver is add7 rad the while trite an leon mortar. between the gold. and quicksilver, quielly unites hem fa the form of aa autalgaro, which ia pressed through Teather; the goldexporure1s easly sep r‘ogres ate rotof sbasnuy thie amalgam, by to prupor heat, which evaperatea tho qulskeilver, fant louves fade with thefutgol,vessels,This evaporation ould bo ‘Thie isthe foundation of all the operations by amoich gold is obtained from tho rick taines of Peru, it South Aumeriea. Another Method. ‘Take a quantity of the gold-sand and heat it red-hot; watery therepeat this become two or three times,quonch and theit ineolorof rand will Sreldish brown, ‘Then. mix iethe withlitharge tice intoite freight of ltharge, and revive ead, by adiling © stall portion of cbarcoal-dust, fdthe exposing 4 proper degree of hentyfromthe when Tend revivesi to t-separacea the gold

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 tan; and the frecing of the gold from the lead tnust be afterwards performed eupellation. -Another—-Herguann assayedby metaliooret con taining gold, by mixing 2 parte of the ore well pounded and washed, with 1) of Vitharge, and 3 Of glaan; covering the whole with common cal fd. melting it Ina smith’s forge, in a covered crucible; he then opened tho eraoible, puta nail {nto i, and continued todo ron was no Tonger attacked. The lead owastill thuthe s precipitated whieh eparatedont by eupellation,gold, and was" afterwards Humid Auray of Gold mixed reith Iron Pyrter. tho ore in 12 times insolve ac, gradually added} itis degree of heat; this takes up’ the soluble si eaves the gold untouched, with the ie Imatri, whioh it way be separatel by aqui agin.” Thefom gold be again separated (rom the ‘aqua regia by pouringmay ther ether takes up the gold, and by beinguponburntit; offthe leaves in ite metal tate, The soluti may on contat ion, eopper, manganese, calcarearth, eous of wil i it be evaporated to dtyness, and the residuum Ihéated to redness for 4 un Bout, ammonia. will extract the copper; foosing nitric acid the onthe; the acid the menganeso; and the muriatic ‘cid acetic the oxide of floats on the first solution, fromiron.wiseh‘heit nulphur should be eeparated by Blation, PARTING.

process gold“These andOosilvermstasaro equally separated fromBy this each other. Sinting tho ation of romeans. and lead,“This ismustelected therfore0 other by Kenoparated dinerent’ ‘Nitric attack acy musi ued, SdUpon lpr,menstrus. whisk cannot gly operate silver; and these are the prise pose c mont convenient,agents inthis ‘lapel co. by mo Hating wost is sequently used indo, i t Se the ouly tiployed by guldauith, This is called stonye30 Peat by the muratio acd is by cementae » ad made i a called parting and parting hy'bulphur is malecomented by fast, nd called dry ve Parting by Agua forie. ‘This proces eannut succeed unlers me attend to somo esventialsicomitances: Ist hevi thesiver gold ant Siver must be faa proper proportion, ought to be three twoparts to one of golds though & tate containing parts ofofsilver to one ofof thegeld day be partole To Judge the qually tial te be parted, asayera snake'sgrein compari upon atocch-stone, betmcen fad neon unposed of gold aad iter in graduated propre tioned propery markely ‘whichtbat are cel ed root nee, It this trl shows the fsilver Anot tothe gold as threo to one, the macs a inebo reper for ie eperalion, tmletg nore aver ENGL, “And 2apysattotbe thevty paring may bo act thefrom agua-frts purer espedaly res aay mixture of the aulphurie or mutiats fd, sliver orproportional it thie wore notto these attendtwo fyforeign 4 quantity GfMoule asethie feperated during the elution snd {junnity of iver would remainwould tingled with the fall wih consequently hot be eateely fribe by theandoperation, ‘Tho gold liver toby bemelting parted feinoughtencke preously o be granulated pouring fattusitonea arapid veuel ofcrear water, tion giving {heUyBieyama waterat the s quiekiy string it round with

1791

contig composed of a mixture of sew-saked lino, srith boor and whites ofthe egg spread on a loth, fed nepped found lay at theof titan! ‘hey apply a composition say and yeti, Bong tan bout be pled ip ‘‘fre ensls containing water suppontd by tvets, wi under thom; beens i's gla should brea the contents aro conght in the nesel of water 1a eat envio te pater Yo tent, i e may b o properly regulated Hy pouring sid gruddolly nnd oaraully dows the sds of thewater vessel tate a parting atthe glare 16bottom laches placed high, fund 10 or 12 jachea'wido fe copper pan 12 inches wide: at botltm, 15 fctes bighy twee there atis sual widepot atabouttop, 80 andot 10of inebes metal, with toh oaqua-oris, nites aid ought to be of be22° B., afterwards orSb "The 32° B. Little heat should thebutliquor i theat to oyell and fst; when sold is pearly eaturated tho Heat may ately be focreaod, the svltion cases ung, whichtheis liquor known itaby bothe "When eBervetence dist poured of if soy Eeains ttheappeariver entire, iv moro aqua-fortisIt taut bo ded, all isolveds the op fation wilas havebeen theperformed slowly, themaces, femsining eld fora of distinct The old a p e a r s back after parting it porte han fo adhesion boctuge the sliver death from iliesity,lfttogether, many intersicn, igre 1 and Rprora th color, the erformed hastily, the gold will have the. appear: ice’ tae de por, whisy ata wel wraching, mast be melted” "The siver usually recovered by precipitating 18‘rbyfrom tho aquasforun by meana of pure copper precipitation by murlatiesaturatedy aidan noreduction Tttationth solution bo peststy precip e a n take place ill few dropeofaquaforts rofistaded to the liquor. ‘Thoboilingprespitate of sitver be wall washed with water aad be tused With hie, of tant of ith leads may Pasting by Cemevtation ‘A coment is andprepared, sited; composed of 4 parla of bak powdered of 1 part af groen tril calcined tit T e s e c o m e s r e d ; tod of part, Stpastecomnon salt This i to bo mundo into hr witha lito water.” Tes eaed the eeu Pyal. gold wouey. to be cement fs reducedof into plates saSr "Tho(hintta "At the botiom te cele, cementing. pet, stratuin of coment, of ths ‘Diakneas of oge, i pty which fe evered with, tes of gold; au othe trata ee placed ster: Bataly.” The mwholeaiaturede covered with iy, which {Tate with of clay and c a n d "hie Dotdually aust betl placed ina farnnee of oven, heated becom Neamtnot fetcontidued during 2¢ hours Te Heat must or erultlesep {orelooo;te andgold,the ‘Tiegod potearefully uthen t Gesassayed inn age upon id at be pot Sioaliy pure, it fs couentel a seond’ ine uleta

except furfuea toof gold, and thus giving t total the color and appearance of pu that the glasses aro apt to crack by exposure to Pattineon's Proceet cold, or evenseoure when thetouched separating silver from lond ores, enabl ‘operators bottom byof thethe band, glasses Some by 2

MACKENZIE'S.

rec oe cotalning ut of ae YerMoy to ofthoprof ta. Te depends whenupon th fac thataa Tead and. silver cooled, wih otce Sonal stirring, to near the point of slligeto n, crystallizes in part, and there oryaale

Fenining pots, thupoorer gradually orang ‘ue tdebothe Feftand becoming to thevight. Allo, termed lend rsh, then caelied, ALLOYS, OR COMPOUND METAS. Metals, in general, will unite with each otber by fusion or atpalgantation, and aoqul perties, "Brass is geompou nd and slag, fod possesses a diferent colorof copper to ether of the ‘component parts, “Ae et should

orate and leave the eompousd Innperfeot, (Or, if they are brought into fusoa toe iether i sbould be ‘ander atx to. preventtht ‘olaiile metals from evaporating before the lot In elected Or-moutn—Mornie Gold. Mole togethor equal parts of copper and sing ‘at the lower temperature that will fase the forme, thein well ( produce an Tntitate miatureof totals and add by dogrees small quanttieeat ines the alloy frst assumes a yollow oolor Uke Hrust, on addiag a Tittle more aid i begomes pure ple, and Tasty perfectly white, which ithe prox ber appearanceot the desired product when fred, ‘he quantity ofaine to he used bo from £2 to 88 parts out of thealtogether, hutdrod, shoud Talni Gold. A beautiful gold-colored alloy, gold under above natae, gives on analyst: Bt ‘inc, 12.25 tiny 11; tron, OS. ‘ThoCopper presence {the ieon was probably aeeidental, Metat. Delt together44 Queen's Ibs. of § 1b of antitnong, and 4 Tb, oftin, lead.3 Ib. ofA yobiamuth r y excel Tent fine slverclookiog motal by composed of 100‘Avery Ua, of tin, Sof rogulse of sale mony, 1 of biswuth, and dof eoppers Tombae. Melt together 16 lbs. of capper, 11h. of Uo, and Libvof sing, 369 Red Tombac. Patinton crucible 6 Ibe ofcopper; when fasod sid1. of sing; these metals will combine, formpossessin, reddish andcolor,also butgreater of « copper, alloy than fgtore anlustre dur ‘ir.

White Tombac, When c o p e r i s argent,adby cover: meltIng{ofthethem surises topeerwiltcombined in common a sowowithrule, to preven ox Aion wile ble allay ta altformed. Covina Peter Matt in servile Is,© onof oftn,topper and when fared tau int hol lead and 2 oxan tune This combination of metae will frm Soya Herat great late,surbity ana tenis leaf con

Bat Pester. ‘Tho best sort of pewter consists of 100 parts of

THE SURVIVOR Vol. ti, and 17 of rogalus of antimony.

4

1792

by. being areseparated th plaster the potsand andwashing, cutof for ready plates the atmmering Hard Peeter ingaeived tb ost exact and poet 12 ths. of tin, 1 1b. of regulus of wie together Mt Fimpresions antimony, and 4 oz of copper. White Metal.

Conon Sotder, and when crucible a into Pot throw in I Ib, of2 Ibe, relied tia. of‘hi lead,alloy igWhen that of slder- iron rally known ironby thoand namo applied to tinned ffted by a hot as a cement oreolder; ‘itt pomtdored toros,joa ieacs leaden pipes, eto sno used Hard Solder. Mate together 2 ths of copper, and 118 oftin, Soft Solder. tend. ‘The of tin, andgood1 ofsolder 2 Tbs.makes Melt oftogether tning feo chests for tin of tin ani Tead im about the mado being frre oper propertions. ‘Gold Solder of 24 parts gold, 2 silver, and1 of copper. Gonssts ‘Sileer Solder Hard —4 parts of silver to 1 of copper. Bok — 4 pars ofalver to Tof bras wire Shot Metal oad, 1000 parts; metallic arsene, 8 parts Printers Typer, at into a rucible 10 Ibs. of lead, and when it wing atatof fusion, throw in 2 Tbs, of antinony | these proportion, ethmetals evenin suclipining type areforemade,tbo alley “Tho fulinony gives a hardness to tho lead wit hich type would renders of Tessin athopriating press. speedily Diferentbe proportions eonand antimooy, brass, Bvory lea, eopper, tate this stale’ artist basfrequently Bis ow profertlony ao that tho sano composition eannet bo BElined from dierent Ae superiority of his ownfoundriesy mizture. eash boasts of ‘Smal Types and Stereotype Plate ‘ett9 Ths of Lead, and throw into the erucible 2fetal Ibe wil of antimony 1Ib, anof alloy biemuth; these combine, ‘and forming of & peouIie asi cols,of Fie quality. erlore hiswall ally ie is Yrexpansion the formation fall printing types (particulary when many are fis to form is stereolype ‘wholetogether of the mould accurately plates), filled aswith thethe toy; consequently thero can be no biomish in fhe laters “If a metal or alloy liable to cont in eooling mere to be uted, the effet of cour vould borvory diferent. “Another propriotrs of diferent foundries adopt diferent compositions for streatype patos, S02 fren layin pets of nd,Ppa ot antimony, and § pat of ti. Mode of Casting. or tho manufetore of stereotype plates, plaster of Para of the oonsatenoe of bater-padlog before baking is poured over the letter-prew pager and workedTt ie itothenthe collect intersticesfromof thethe types wth brash, ses by & ship of iron of wood, #0 as to be simooth and cam. ack Thabout’?solid mfouten te‘Thiswholecake, which mesa iy hordShedvo asinfo'a cake tho matrix of th atereotype plete, is tsnow1 put upon e vack in an oven, woere it urdorgoss molar,t> eupertuousaccording heatreadyao tora8 touso, drivethesoof moulds, reat Grten hair sizo, aro placed in Bat cast-iron pols, aud tion intended forthe ration of now thowareeyp "Mo at easteon pots are plat Tere cian which cats them sanly fo fasaned the o>

tals bayer melting pot wher din, they ant are all tored and Kop for econsdcrable thetnd poranandcreriot ofthe thi hasare taken completly acotrately Alled. Whon mould place

{he pots are elevated from the bath by working, the and areWhenplacodcoldover thea wator foot Grano, gradually. whole trough, fs ta 10‘

MACKENZIE'S ‘is spplied ‘a ixture of

Sli Fie, app lore

10 of.bf ofantimony. lend, 6 or, of bistouth, andMelt4 drs,togethor of rogolue 2 Ibs of rogulus of antl “Anoler.—-Mel mony, 8 0. of bras,togother and 10 03. of Uo. ‘Conmon Hard White Metal ‘Melt together 1 1b. of brass, 1} ox. of spolter, Moirée Maitique—A Method of Orvanenting fe and bor of tin. Tatenag ‘Serjoe of Tin Plate by Acide eolation, an alka.line oF eprnkled washedand by spenged plates ‘Molt together 2 parts of tin and I of bistuth, thon‘Thein water, aroheated, Fusible Ate an Pat ito a orusible 4 of, of smth, and when Sr th acd sation he apenrance varie

mature after heat and. the‘he plates tho of degretioacideof employed Tih Nrsogtl Hato aroand plunged of thete, selds, ion acdala epylieat fhe‘Paver with coverd dried, lrgly g, are followineriato s. used ‘Tho Nitro-m ed varnishe orculor itt xtares of dilution; sulphur wcld-mi Yoo inof thodiferen dogroos t cid s of watorsand 2ofpartwatersof eulpuel 6 ports asi ithPof ria SEI strong a Seid of ite acid; I part atria a0 2 oul Scion 19 of waler Balaton of potadh fs ead Shurig" Uso ated. o Plate Leaking lassen, , fo, eofa8 termedfy Botslering y tBero is erroneoul ‘Thisboart presently parol a soon, wwll tion. wholed composi inStythodispose pracent Tiiver on Life, ‘bu be poured and gently fatrubbedtable, mer th « witit, to is cury the with ect nites far then ‘E'soon’ of, es thoIs , flash veryn splendid becomes Ihieh A plate quicke n say; werttae ta the tides, ly a2 ¢8to boewoepslid ofupon’the redun Thon aeautiou mer. dant mannerisnot ncorporsted with the in; leaden tuck which fury ‘wesghts tobe placed tho gas, andix vored ontn-fit TUEIe ateime thon the quikall adheres mayof. be here that thoof welghta to the glace firmly ved without any danger He falling .glte ars thus ooated ig & common looking t covering for sullelea ar meroury of os. 2 4SRoote fet of ofthis gust. operation depends ayeon “Bhaguatesucccss and thotho lout of tho willglass;prevent theSst clounos on its s surfaco edlesiedietn ofot {he amalgam oF aloy. Liquid Foil for Sitering Oto Globe Molt together Lontronof adlog clean lead andhamedaaly Lot.ot fing tn, i's clea thes {ld Les otfromblanch ‘Skim of the docs reuore10 {hefr oftad tho fre, and boforw it ste ald quicaliven Nownotstir the whole eaeily ogee, taking sare to brent overt athe foes of tho mereury ae very pernooun” "Pout tila though an earticn pipe alo to gas lobe, ‘hich turn repeatedly round “Anker. Pot o r . of quickalver add es bed, mush tsssful az will beaome Daroly ud when Lt(iuckalver th globeby be cleanmeans ofanda wars, andtho inject the pipet aperar, i abourahtl out,itsand allvert all globeover up. Let the{Riming reiaaer hang the “ihother Forhavethisbeenpurpose I butparit of metry and Tet tin tacds pera areof SBereuy, Lof Gy 1 o f Toad aud 1 of Dismath Seltet together the compoua whisk theyof tha, fom, Will snawer th! purpose better. Either ist ia anionstimed. lads, over alee Be, End susebe made be frequently ‘Martin's Proces for Steering Glas 1. 100A flaton of of10 grass of atte2 afaiePrepare, silveralton grammes istiled water of tmnt of 139 Cart parecauss Ser 3 A olution of 20 grammes A toe water. grates ofof distilled inof $0029\grammes Sai iukon ordiary while sagan 200Eubiecuntimetee gratnod of ofdiedateowater.aot, of"Pour362,fotoand fitbo1 eaabions which press the plate or eylinder of an for 20 uinuteay then take up the vuluaof 30

ing stattiny ofthese fusionmetalthoow wlin combing on of load, an 24 tof forming log fsibo at chein temparataro of boiling water ‘Mould this alloy urs nd ta thei o's Yecamid toone2 of oathesTato halcn-zon to& poone., I f bo given to a saanger SEES too aobo sonnot anw tle tie poured tomto Bnd the tonetho pot, bo wil furprieed Spoon ole i th of tor. ‘Tho fsblliy this alloy is ofesrtalaly surpris. ing, forth fasiog temperate each of te com potent, singly, uigher than twice that of boll: Tog water, Divunath foscs at 4788, lead at 6125, snd“dvother tn at Ate 442%; whilst water1 om.boleof atsins,212°.10. of together iamuth, andremanbly Lon. of load, ‘bie alloy oush will boof ound to bo Susie (althoug® {he metali}, sopuratay, requiresoven comidorablo heat {omit sd il mall hot w ‘Wil likowive reinaa i'sof fosod lato on whosBothof Tater, over the Saw a lamp or eandie. Urs voulingy stoaad aro well ‘Mlapted foralloystakingexpand asta onof medal Woods (patent) Fusibte Meat Malis betwoon 180° 4 andtn, 8100°lea,Fabs.sd 15It bivaath, coosate o€3 parts cadmint, ebas arealy brilisat totals Toate, sua does not taraieh Gast fom Bubleof Meat ‘A-combinaton af 8 parts lon, with 2 of in 870 and 6 of bismuth, of forms an slloy which mole at Ue‘Ja temperature 197° Fabr. making tocastsuae thewith metathie ondat similar alloys asit Jslow important l temperature a poetla; anit but to a thofow thing dogrenfromelevated, the water which adheres which tts aro to be taken forms vapor, and. prodacoe Subbtes to oot {n'a tesoupThevolluedjustmetalreadymustto st beallowad at tho edges,in fand then pour it into the moulds, rosaring {is vay beauiil casts from moulds of olhor similar subatanees "When oftang wo d,neoF fresions from gous,oa pape seit, ele, tho faved alloy Rlould be placed or pasteboard, and ‘tered about il ie becomes pasty, from eovlig, tivhioh moment of featsharpshould Suddenly stamped theon get, i and aea very lmpresebo ‘om will chon bo obtained. Metal Injection. Mott together equal quaatiy parts of ofbismuth, lead and ta“Phiswlthcompostion, a sutlelont quickslier. withthe addition of a mallthe proportion of meroury, is used for injeting ‘esses of manyoasisanntoen! preparations als for taking cosret of various cavities of obody, 5Bs corroded thew of theand eat.separated ‘ho byaaiual structure may means of a solution Gf potaca in water abd tho toetlie ast will bo probed in an iolated state or Cushions of Electrical Machinee Molt togethor in serucilo 2 des. of tino and 1 ofontuing ting when8 fused, pour them into‘Theweal erucie, drs of mereury, mercury willfor Sombino with those metals aad fore an allay Scualgnay as ite called) Stto bo rubbed om tho

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

cubiocontntres with del water and 60 eabia entietrs of alcobol at 86°. This dono, prepare snfabioargentferous olution, by mizing e8's cub fuak ene centimetres of aoletion thee timetes3nd of elation 2, ako then 20 centinetes of to Iution lastly, voluie of 10 contimettos by 6D oeatimetessup ofa distled Irthe dtections have ben propery observed wteater Figuld wil romain Hops, and'advop of slation ‘ofSita nitrate oer f silbing ver willeeproduss a poraneat pre quit fortho 3suri har tobe tolation is ready for use.” Clea Slveredof withallio» cotton plug motstaood witha for rope aid; hen wash withon dstiled ‘wate, drain, and pace i om rupporte th t Taco of a bath composed of tho. argent to whioh ofbastugarbuen(2,addedUnder20ththe orinducnce Li2t affofTiga, the solution digased light the lguid becomes yelow, then trowa, and aterglaa from 2 to 8Deenminute ho whelo Burfuco ofthe wll havo ilened. Afar Gor ib minucesit wil Bave attained th required ‘hickness. Washwaters.frstdrain, with dry ordinary maton with thea ‘with dlisted and. poli Tougo on shawls, (A table of Hrenth Weights nd ela Measures wil bo found at tho end of the Modeof Repairing the Svering of Looking lane, Uncover and clean tho damoged epot by very ‘atau ootton until there is tooo of rabing greaie orwithdustyfino thon with the point of © 871

Iknfo sito ofglass; tho required ‘ering outof thoanother a small picoo globuleon ofthemorsil. ary (te szo of pin's head for a surface the sito

Tisthe eat thea anda gently with a pisc of cotton. sot Bath-neta Mott togethor 1 1b of brass and43 8 of splter. ‘Brow, Put of cop er ondInto a perfesty erusbl,expote st to{fmol beat 4}inaTeine.furnace when fused 40 combize forming tae“daoihen generallyForusedThoratellymeleewhichis calledwil ross, to bo ateeattto. Intobo which pate and Kotter ates, {voi plbade andthewireinst ia tobo drawn, brasier to sine, cela: inv of ort eaten} of pure and jnve greater proportion than when common bra tml generally 56 which is of basealemine to $4 beesIb, coppers Old bras, Troquenty exposed to thaado action of tho fr,ronerywheathe mixed withfat {R8ore copper cylin Brae Aor fr the making of Se wits {han idelle t would andbe without. Piehbeck. Pot into a erasble when Weis ina stato of fusion5 ox.addof Loz ofpor epppers tae. These Atala gold; combing,pourforming ana alloy notof unlike jow flere it Sn would any shape ‘hs allay fo Uaed for ffir jowetey. Boweproportion We only thehalfalleythin f gantity 6 sing, fa snlch more exally worked, Specially in the making or Jowetiery. of brass with 14 r3SanBfuoter-Malt on of copper, togeor fs underLoxa coat of crsoal= Ortide, @ Neve Brass M, M. Mourigr and Vallont, of Pacis, have taceeodel in near meking an alloy which imitates gold fisiently to merit the ame OrGide. The operiss aro as follows: Pure co 3 weight; tine, 17; magnetia,0; Sb; quloklime, 1.80; ten tartar theof mages, coiameree, 0.gal ame The ‘copperis frst meted) tarlarstirred in powder {heteonine erucibl Ine isandbriskly for aboutlittle4 byan ite; hour, ors to mix thoroughly, and then thie sino is ad {tod fa amall grains by throwing it on the surface ‘nd stirring until iti entirely fused; th erueibto ‘then covered and fusion inaintained for about 35,

1793 minutes; then inuncovered, fayefully andthe erusibe tho alloy is east mould skimmed of damp send or metal. ‘Tho oréide molts at s {ure low enough to allow its applicationtempera to all Kinds of ornamentation; it has'& fine grain, sallesble, and capable of taking” the most bi Tiant poli; when, affor a timo, it becomes ta ished be reis Flore byfroma litleoxidation, acidulatedee brilieney water, If anay the zine feplacod by tin, the motel will be still nore bile Tent. Princ’e Metal. Molt together 8 0% of copper, and 1 ot of sings oy, "Auotier.—Melt Sor, of brass and1 oz. of tine. in eructble tos. of eopper, and swben fused, ad 2 ox. of sino; they will combine, {nd form a very bouucifel Prince Ituperts metal. and ueefl alloy, called

MACKENZIE'S Composition of Aneteut Statuer, According to Pliny, the metal used by the Ro‘mans for their statues, and for the plateson which they engraved inscriptions, was composed in tho following manner: w quantity of copper, ito which‘Theythey.frst patmelted a third ‘weight of old copper, whieh had beon longinof I use {0419}every 100 Ibs, woight of thismixturo they added iba of an alloy composed of equal parts of ead and tin, Con be rolled and Munts worked Metat at a red heat, It com ‘ists of 6 parts of copper and4 of sine, Mock-platina. (Molt togother 8 ot. of brass aud 6 of rpelter,

Fins object Or0lal Bowara, The prncipl ci

Brome Th.of pore coppers e l t in a cles era shen tot coubin, Ib of ino : the Wn. food hee vonatal formingand boss,ibe ‘wash nor be injared by overs oF surrounds the model should bein, clove fund) afterwithremoving the mould, tbe mode” mast RSS rm a o a ‘hood mes, burnt through b e n rotten-stanoyand covered with generally used in the formation of Joam, each dusted bist, medalwad sues. a bag,tay.ond the mould ee ntheid down upon it; this Tasing be repestod, ‘Specwla of Telescopen mould must he dried and ticked withwith»torch; of copper snd when fred add 310, new of water, the tand ia molstened ofSineMal ineto andIho.Alla of th, ‘These otal wil cont ton of tarts, oF the les of win, or with orn2! form a boautital alloy of torentbe asroreead of tartar. Cate tus be taken to loasen the band t's Tight yellow color tied mude i n t o ‘ulckly, viz: pouring, loosente.the Onfretremoving mould While the Spel ieenpe” Bs Mog eat oly ‘eon is ‘thecarefully work coyper and grain tay ia the proportion every parts of the facing ‘Should b o hyo ‘ahi i fcrape from tho mould and thrown away. Part Oun -ma tat {he moulds with coal and black rons Mot t tog eth 112 or Ibe of va t] bras s, Wt Gilding-metat, iilery ead 7 ‘Ibs. of block tin, ate Malt together 4 iot parts of copper 1 of Bristol old tog eercompouparsns ofara copReperseeed an ‘bras and 1 on oftin 1falpart ofhertin;—Hfele tho to every I of capper abo ve e malicaneef smal tnd grat atu For Common Joelle.

Mett together 8 parts of copper, 1of Bristol old evarpolishng, fo sper thofre‘Thebuileplecesof ofPragueord,nanwocere useastdusibyiy thometbesediogGyers tneat brats ‘hinanoallay ifs nf for tne the'tn mayakbe que of ney the Bri ngs the mis tar of e hic out e Sod mixiay onda antiony thoy w e r e m a d e oa ta "Pater polishing metal is parte mado By reittwould have beenle, lesinedprones largtt e elepartionand oneoffensds Mitated: Alcing tho copper to tor to one bed contained none, A Dippingemetal Aix tur Of e cop per amd tintinSs prefered ts pure Molt togetherYellow2 parte brass} part of co opp er no ony for the cas g Brruacauuinnon, ba of et with a litle old brass,of and? Sai on of tin fo ns et, for pur e cop per it , very Ib.oto,ofofcopper. ‘This lloy i alioat thohnol vatofioutsd beaparte of the mould, wotg foroseoughSe ‘tl, of the gold ov t as to et or be old to tours Another — Good dipping.metal may be madeot Ausra Gasca (diesso etl ), 1 Thi ot coppor to 5! on- of epeler) the copper Rem arl for abl grea e str t eng bein th, str g, ong ‘houid er he tating tough cake, wid not ae Aha gun n -ml of wro al ion ugh cou t oar se ‘When ie ted instead of to, itshould er, 88015 sine, 42.30; tiny 9 fous Le Dein smaller quantity, oth motal wil be brit, “Ateminon Bronce Tnitation of Silver Res emb gol les in app ear anc et e; a toe ti copper is melted with tin, about 8 ot of an ttrong athe ea gunvtctaly aa Tight oo tin ‘When to1 Ib. Yro ugi tcr isn pale bell-metal ony oteed.uilyta misomp hedonc . dofTel10teaparslye {cil ol andof copper, ing verywll nearmake to asterling am pe and d eng rav Tl isc of ahuinum aa90d of coppers Tt requieaveha Tatenia or Britannia Metal ovm elted, a tho Seat teltog is brit Mote together 4addoof en plate-brass and 4 of,rogae tin. Fenn fio, Dabhites Antfeietion Matt bismuth nad ho, st of entatony. tin and aint theto henna, whisk tobe ded at 8JnvtofMixaptbotogitnethny.er 24Thopartstin,ofbestcopperqua,lit24y ofof Dan ces cretion molted tayuntil it has the requisite add o gra ed to dua the mel lly sou ted ps? ‘olor and hardness a ton. ay, Bellm etal Mat, propor togethtions er 6 ateparte of copper and 2 of tn, ‘These approved for ell throughout Europe ationd in moat Chinn her-—tsSon balls sro tondo fa he proportion“Avut of 10'par to of propor tin, tionTeinny bo ini general obsorvofod,copper tha «loss stndabethotafor making church bel s aad clock: ufbellyia ltt tne a added for the Wells of et peatlag watche s and other emall ele Ts St for use as Britannia metal Blonched Copper Tut togeth er sal,8 of, fused of copper and 4 o:.0f new Male together German tealMatsarsen 2 dre of al er Ioof regulas togeth er, compoted of ealsned borax charvoa!andesdust a Ouad ot entinony and 12 ux of coptne e finly-powdered gla. ‘Spanich Tutania,

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘To 8 08. of sony Jeon or sec), ata whito heat, in esall porting, wth 8 ‘aad 1 Th. of encinon} 3‘ofof nitro, ‘Melt anc this compound, hnoeden 1 fb of tin with 2 German Siter. Molt together 20 parta of copper, 16.8 of nlkel, AT of ain

EngesroomTat Met to ge & ny parts erbmn, coppe»r, 8 part regu soliandmoth rt , Toateompoeun on Added to 100 parts of i, this ‘wil be ready l for use. » ard

Kittens Metal for Timing, ‘To Ib, of malleable iron, at « white heat, ald §HMolu on rogl of as entinony, abdi Ib ofit

css allytn, i ut the _ ‘The polish es witho ble t n t tee fiom lead or asenie i aad a Solder for Stet Joint, Take of fine silver,Mot19 dwte; copper, T dnt; snd bras 2 dvi these une & cost ‘Sharcoal dust eralrast, whea adcaniages oer eapoye d ith oceer lieat, and ite whiteness tyTee ana otterPosesappeara ‘than bras

ra Str i Ba mee lenegtk ren ‘Thin plat

ington See, Experiments havo been made at Vienns, Dret= den, and otber places, in the use of tungsten ot wolfram, in the alloyiog of ste), and some extra. ordinary are stated to have, It in and thatrenults steel ed with 20 pe tungsten produces a alloy mixt ure, whicht tains all the genor al q u a l i t i e s fs oxeee, tlvely hard, chat tools made of ofi atel, will out wil ‘iticuty, the hardoatcast-stool. A New Si Alley. 1M, DoobtaiReels and D. lately ned, ‘now alley, whieh ma oin and formany ind 25 to 30, ofSrte§ silver 60 ,

1794

long ran, sometins than in'the the pure metal. Th will most uiefl for smal coin, Its Preparation nd becoluage dificult that the coin made of texnnot ensilyaro bevo counterfeited. Ts would render it more durable thant tilver;hurdnessand thus tho expense re-eoining, and the honvy loss arising from theof wearing silver coinage, would bo greatly diminished, of our Sileer Test Silver coins, jewelry, or any other rich alloy, moistened with a sation of ebroiaie acid, (orthenemixtore of bichromate sulphiue Fie acid, become covered withof apotassaand red purple bichromate of wilver. This spot does not epotoccurof ‘poor alloye or total imitating silver. Useful Alley of Gol seth Platinum. Pat into a clean erusible 74 drs. of pure gold, and when perfectly melted, throw in $a de of latinum, "The 2 metals combine intimately, forming an alloy rather will whiter bt remarkably ductile and eleaieythanith purealso gol, perishable thun pure gold or Jewellers” gold less but nore readily fusible than thai metal must render tis alloy an ‘Theto objoot excellent of great qualities intrest to workere in metala, Por springs, where atest cannot prove exceedingly advantageot be used, it wi that theallo y of gold andTtiescuriouselrc platinuun isumatance, soluble in nitric noid, wich does Bot aot on eilhor of tho metals ina separate state, Teisrerarkablo, too, that thealloy has very neatly the color of platinuz, whenmetal composed of TY parts of guld to1 oftheovenformer Ring Gold. Melt together of Spanish copper, 6dwts, and 12 agraj Ane aver, Gita. of gull eoin,$ dwte, and 10 grey toll on 5 Gold from 85x to 40s per om Melt togetho on.r § dmts, of Spanish copper, 10 dws, ofa 8 silver, to Tox. of gold coin, AMauihein- Gold, oF Siniter. Melt togethor and 15 gra of pure34 of.gold.of copper, 14 ot. of brass, PREPARATION OF FOILS. ‘oils aro thin plates or leaves of metal that are tions i imitation uf

‘Thoreare eouseqesntly two kinds of foes tho one wareie theprodused tf by ving lateof srthe play eri tothe sone t h e palsh mes provent ie act a 6 mitur eo, Uybiesurfs, radeoting whieh tho ight, chat deednees attonds the having’ duller round Uo stone, end brings thy tho double reactionunderof the light thatThei eased, nearer to the eect ofthe Aiamond.. other is sulored with some plat tuoot of stain of the sano hus asthe ston, of of fo ctherwhi ohis intended todegree} modily alas, wheres chenge the thethue ot t h e ston in nmo e Jelow fil may be put uuder given, whizh i foo gHfs Totes tre bard nd taveh Insinedto d tothe be, or undercecrimson, where ductile malleab le, v e r y eal iE date ave the Sppeeran move orange ted Gots when trick a beauifl sound, ‘or soalet affected by exposu re tothe atm ospSeisherorte,an Foils may be made of copper or tiny and ilar but the most power fal reage nts. hs been forsometime itedtint auvise, aed, withto mixwhichgoldihasbut been spurposes, color, "Tt specit e gravit y is fits lesa than coin thebe of silver. An alley poueeting there qual o s at , eopB6E may aut bo very useful fo gold and silyeremithe ry

MACKENZIE'S. Ts Prepare Copper for Fos Whore colored file are wanted, copper may therefore be West usod, and tho‘Takepurpose, by the following taymeans:be propared for copper plates beaten toa proper thickness, and pass pair of too stoelrulleré very cloto them set, andbetwixt draw a theta ae thin ‘le to retain a proper tenacity. Polish wetheaia possi ith very fine whiting, or rotten-téon t i l t h e y ane ‘and have aa ugh brightnessas cnn bo given thew, ‘ind they will then be Bt to recetve the eulor Te Whiten Foils, “Where the yellow, or rather orange-color of the ground would be injurious to thethe efest a8 Ja bethe {uso of purples, or evinsaon red, ole ahoald whitened, whigh may be done In the following a emall quantity of silver and diseolve it in Take aqua-fortis, nd then put bit af eopper into the olution, and’ preipitnte th ‘abloh being Aone the duid inust be poured of and fresh water tulded toi, to wash away all tho remsinder frst duid; after which the silver must bo dod, of thean ‘equal weight of eeeaia of tartar and common talt imuet then be ground with duced to very fine power?(tlland thewithwholethiy bee mix. ture, the foils, ling frst lightly moietoned, must bo rubbed hy'the Huger, & bit of linen rag, till they be of the degree of orwhiteness ; tor whieh, if i appear to be wanted, thedesired polish must Do rofteshod. nl re ony used in the ean of color Jess‘lestones, employed 4 they may be" where deawa quicksilver out by the issame rollers, Is but reed not be further polished, asthat effect proAlucod by other means in thi ease, Bails for Litre Orystate,ad Pebble, Paste to 9 the Play of orDiamond

The manne of pepting ly 8 gre colosteassunes theso greatest degree of play and {Wetoi surtace, by ralsing high a polthoramoctinest on a s give the the fet of x niron wichuse eanof quonly be'doneaplted n'a inthe porfect samomannergenerby thevaya c k a l v e r , in thoi maycase beofloating-ganss, ‘Te flloms tethod Tyfoich best pettorwe i e as roped dn the ae notintoakeasstaatforlavepeersft sl vering of Tooking-gasn euch sce an St, “Lay thesmoistened of thes thethen,inside one upon fnd having of the sock wrgain thin grata and tere bee vo dry that only light a i s k i n e s remain, Put the thao pieces of leaves yingom eash ether Into and aradape therm When tothe this surfacetv done in aa eved amanner possible, boat thartoket and fl with warm quiskiver, wich Inte be sere tein in. Thoor stoninate fnd thon gently poured out, uuiy tien be trast into tho socket, and elosed mith fate having been without taken toefigping give suchof room forandit hat itmay enter he i n Auiekalver from well aay closed past of round the furnace. Theto work shouldbe the stone, prevent qaickilver eokst fromth tinboingand.salen out by contained any volenefn the

‘The lustre of stones 874 actin this manner: ue Tonger than whon they are set ‘ion ways as the cavity round there wil be'no passage found forthemmois {sto injurious to the wear of stones any other way, fol Tkewise gives ‘glass‘Thisor kind other oftransparent matter, which bas Lite Of itself; but to stones oF pastes that have come shaso of ‘play it gives a mvt beautiful briliance,

okrafiles otis ventede ofthe for eloin g the one ig the surfac coppe oftherthe bycolorstaaingroquted by means of saskeyfe ton ot ather colorinoFg’ paintin mbetagsee it with rou’ bilpig,

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

foils may be tem paintingrendered used oi,for water ‘Thored thcolors either dydeepwiselde0varnish,proper,Whore Arabi oil size or mst y gum wanted firate aun se ents become wholly transparent ia yas lake, EetPrasian bluoy bat yellow snd green may be Dottor sid on in varnish, as there eolors tay ia in perfostion fom a inge wholly dissolved bofa btrict of win in the tame Sauer sin the cana OFrodusad agers he motvordigrs, raul gr y dointilled hich Ts no b w apt t9 Bolts ctor and turn black with oi. In coutmon tases, tou however,Taft eGnny ofwiththe tings colors a, may be,fa withthe feast fhe tmanoe ax th glaing coloe tur a maine fro PRNOE painting. Ready Colors For red, whore the riby is to be imitated, ear. sing, a lit lake used in sings sie, or shellac ‘Yaruish‘ul is erimeon, tobe employed, glass thoor paste verging ithe towards purple;be To tho eaarlet or orange, ‘ot purple) may bo used ote in Gornet Red, or the garnet red; dragon's Bloodfor dasolved in seed-lee vanish may be wees and the rnegar geroct, temperod with shell aonb, thowil orange bo foundlak,excellet “Amey. or the amethyst, laverywitha little rusian ‘so ote with oy snd thay epread on the foil'wil completely answor tho end. or bla, wherwanted,"Blue Ge clonothBan, fit of not ie t a t eupphiteebould be used Prssin’ tho{bo deep, noom theand fl,Ie shvalsbo tpread ore or lets thinly color i theaoooeding Which of deepness or ightnes {B'te requlzed to bo.

Eagle Marine, with a ‘Por the eagle marine, commonin verdigris Prussian bie tempered shellso varaish, Title may bo used. Yalow is desired, the asfoilformayotherbe ‘Where a fullyellowyallowInequer on of topazes with colored ppurporee; and for tho alighterlaid ealor fol tet wil bosufisiently strong burnithany andaddition Bho‘without * Gree, Bor green, where # deep ue is required, the tempered in shellag isvarnish, crystals of verdigrs,but where to be used, yellow lacquerthe emerald shouldbe «Title {mitated thould less be added color to e truer green, and vergto bring Ing tothethebus. Other Colors. ‘The stones of moro diluted color, rsh as the amethyst, topes, vinegar-garnet tnd eagle-n Fine, choaply hile mayglassbo orvorypaste, even imitated without byfol.tranepanent ‘This {oe done by tempering the eolore above enue erated with turpentine snd maste, and pat {ng tho scoket in which the counterfeit toneatonestoit hevset with the mixture the sdeket and Lf being proviously heated. Tn this ease, hom {ismediately ae, and the or,fooketthe sfono loved should upon i bebefore thelake mixture cols tind grows bard. The erange above me tioned! was invented for this purpose, fa whish it hus a beautiful effect, and was used with great sucess by a considerable manutuoturer, ‘The eo lov it produces is that of the vinegar-garoet, which itaffords with great brightnede, Lhe colors before directed fo be used in oll shouldbe extremely well in oil of turpentine, and tempered with ground old nut or popry-oll; or, if time can be Biven for the drying, with strong fat oll dilated fvith spirit of turpentine, whlch will gain & te polish "The ofcolorsitseletied io varnish ehout be liken thoroughly well ground and, in the caso of tha dragon's bloodandin themised; seod-taa rarieh

1795

snd theare laoquor, the foils shoud bo warmedshouldbeforebe hey iid ute” AIT the mtxtares Iaido theposedfile fmwith ono bron sfttho oer bros, andwalshbo ‘ust bo end fo art shouldbe costed or toe gonedryyoverbent ft {fan nor ei the fre coat can be thesay coor donot ie strong enough, a bsua cat be given:

MACKENZIE'S. Daniell Cott In dolicato operations, as in copying engraved ales, where great consaney is reglrd,

ELECTRO-METALLURGY. Gatvanoplasty or Electrotype i theleoticty. art of eldIte tolation ofof sulphate copper (bue-rtone). {elation copper i of gradually decompose The

‘ype i

io) af 8 tadhed

expper bein ng deported pontalwaya beIn into thequantity cop er cop er of pluerysaleHonceof thoro should a {hetaatintulphato at thebaie bottom ino of the cel'and the hold ste; the 3 orytals fop of the aaysalation,be suspended in a bast neat

{o the sive plate in all cases, The Batiry. ‘Th tr ba tt m o er y the postive voltate cells united. te prreopqueronytlapy,pliehodweveto rsoretide Amalgomsted. rine ‘aves excited. by dilute ‘used to designatea single cell. ‘The form uavally ‘ethmployed in practice ate Smeo Dani and e nitro acd’ battery. Tu orde'sr, to avaloid, cone us cell rom the negative plato, which, fos must be well under- Er'pltinum (Gore), canton (Dneen), oF pase foodion.’, thTaeallfolltheowingbpoaintstnai ero are to {ron (Callan). The negative plato i Sumersd med, rUhi lates and ay oxciting Quid. One plates intteong nitric ack. ifon may be rendered pase e of theiees fo sin wa au bo am b y st to f al e, h ga ma te d byanddipping it onoo orwithticewater and. eaelly ping it info weak sulphurio sold and rubbing dithe ve Sid, hen waablog furfaco with mercury or better stil, immersing ang. the whol plat in a ath of mercury.” ‘This uae To Prepare Articles for Plating, borree pefraeomtetimde to timo, when the ba is tt er y ‘Wash in Iye to remove grease. Dip into inuse, Thiesine plate ie alone acted on Ly the x. dilate nitrioweak anid oxide. havingSoourfastened with a citing uid. Teisctheapolsiltiveepadta. Attached ‘bard brash and finoto remove sand. ‘Thon wire, dip in strong nitric acid end immer ‘cto onivneiscteda biwindthintheg soplarete,s, by Thwhisiceah reaw,wizoor themay enbed toa {nth electrolyteas quickly as porble, of‘Th tho attached wire,is ealled the pole or elecrade, e name of the pole is oppo to thet of the ‘Solution for Sitering ‘plate. ‘Tho positive pole or enodsitee being attached ‘Ada to» elution of ltrats of sliver (made by { the nogative plate, and tho ‘negative. pole or unlving sliver in pure nto aid), » elation ‘cathode to the postive (zine) plate. of{ato"is oyanido of potassium until no further precip. The Decomposing Cel, formed; atready bat notthrown enoughdown.to redisore {he Us th li to be de (e precipitate e qu es ua co id tr ll mp oy os ed “Dour andof Iyte) is Kopt in separate vessel, and tho current fhe Hupernatant Higa, wash, with water {ten re-dissolve the presipitate in eyanide por conv to it by wi e aneaodunee ischarusacually {assiam, ‘attaceyheedd pleco ofres,metal ‘oofththe anodee.onshou ter the olution‘Theehung beg, ofaddiver,w Sheet Keopin ltd fresh 376 cyanide, Use a modor ate curren t. An cunco end 1 that to bo deposited. This ie gradually enten ‘ball oF ‘vay whilo the deposition ie goivg om, on the fathode, and tho solution thus kept of wuiform strength. ‘The eurzont may bo rogulated by alter{ng the distanco hebwoen the poles, With the ‘he amount of electricity ‘as the distance of the poles Jn the electrolyte is greator. ‘Too powerfil a cure ent must be avoided, as it rondere the coating Urttle hould not be strong enough andto mon-aduorent. cause bubbles ofTt gas to arise fromplatedthe abject. large number of objects can be by-one battery if thoy suspended on copper os, tho ends of which areareconnooted withthe pole, Somees Colt Solution for Ging. Consists of two plates of amalgamated sino, sop- Hlectro-glding is do in like manner. ‘The srated by a plcco of baked and varnished wood, gold ts dislved: in "nitrotytroeons_ acy fnd them a plate of silver baving depore Mashed with boiling mites asta then digested fied between on it by the electric ourront fnsly divided ‘th calcined ‘he afergold belag i Uejonted platinum; s9 a5 to roughen it and provent the Jn the form of anmagtesia.” txioy whieh Paneof in fudhesion of hydrogen. ‘Tho silver plata iv fixed boiling mittie ois diseived in aide In the wood separating the zine plates; to the Petastiumfn which Slaton the. ance to be ino and to the silver plates are alfached binding Pistedwith gol after due propartion, are oa ped, Fro terews forthe wires. The exelting fi is dilute Teadliy ateland tie snr ual Ga talpburie acid; part of anid to 30 of water, it Tigutiy recive fo go doponi retebe Sak rong enough, pated with Snppor When more intonstywireis required, ornittte did offn menouryeL elas {everal calle are joined by passing from the afTattsnitrate af ever, Trey nid ge SatoE964)of the4 puny ‘tnodo one ell tothe eathode of the next. This Tarts, mio postive wateaah 20be form ofof battery is gonerally preferzed on aecount BF gol, the bay ther pte of of ts simplicity, constaney, and oaso of manage-

itn deserted er copper ages Phe rotors th samo'n that above

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 feeble current. o~ ‘Tho popular notion that genuinedal lectr aiding tet necestarity adda good tthe fost tho articlomay'beplated,” his is erroneous. tilverof thimble so handsonsly plated as toA

Have the appestaea of beinga alla alsbcee gol'for 8 conta positon far 20 conta, for Aan timate of th tive au of ees {torglding, a0 compared with siversplating, con: ‘ering te cost of material alone is about To toe Topowdered Deport Bram. Dissolve 5 or, acetato of ofcopper in 4 sll of water, ald I pt of solution aurzcnia, Bjasalve'10water,of. sulphate of sineand(white vero). gallo at 180° Far, when coal4 The fe of coltion of emiouin. Distal polnisa inof Iga of in wate1r, gallof Lastly,hot daz 8Mieom, Syunide potasiom water. itUathea following ordersthe potash at thoandcopper sluandigest> ain then epanie, forsit, an Work four orto, andbratsaad anode water andto make up 8 with’ an. aatrs power, occasionally adding ‘i mote ammonis andfsWteryevant, To Copy Medals Caste of the medala may bo made in fusible roti of « non-metal mould plaster, ie muse wax,have eto.ite Tnfacecaso brushed over with Ulack lead. The metalic mould is to, bo coated fntually the back or varbynish, soldering‘The or wire attachewithto thowax edge twist ng. A decomposing cell is not necerstry.” A ‘water-tight bow is divided Teather) partition, Om one bysidea ieporous a plate(plaster of singoF immersed in dilated,Lt 20, sulphuric well; on tho other a solution, kept ssorated, of sulphate of copper, A wiro from the ano is attached to 8 which the medals are suspended, copper tod,into from ‘tipping the copper solution. To Bronze Copper Medals. 1. Brosen, —Moiston he

sci, sulphydraio of ammonia or liver of nulphure ‘8. Green, Bxpoee in a lore box to the fumes of chloride of lime or to tho vapor of aetio ot fouriatio eid, yest sation of bhlorde of pain it y varying the temperature and col

Detween obtained,” a ateel EYgray and doup i black may i be Fo Deposit Copper on Iron, Popare a solution of epaaide of copper, by dae siving oxide of sopper ia eyanido a l potassium, frSF gulphato byradding et cyanide ofad potassiumre-disoling to’ solution copper, the proSipltate formed. "Work w i l t -a strong ‘batterythe power, The copper will not doposit unless Eurrent bo which strong enough to evulve hydrogen at heveathode, evolution should alwaye’ be ‘voided in dopuitng the othor metal Voltaic Protection of Metale When to alwhichae would i actaunequally exportupona corroiva agent, thom if separaiay the onethe whish would. De tuont toted on tecetvesinostof fore of the corrsi Ile the other esapes. ‘hus ironJearyeoatodexpect with te genie ion) wl at fr {o'the atmosphere. Copper ptine, oint onwhenlightning. oda emain Urght for tong sorewed nto a ine ball. Couting Hectrotypesplaes with Iron

1796 and Keep it in elose-covered the solution, filer (then not fa we) to prevent oxidation, n-cal ‘ata ‘The iron plate used in tho asdecompostio to be surfacebatlery,tho ofplate must bewithof theirony sate& Smoe's at least8 coated acid, and 60 tcl, charged with 1 partfor sulphuric decomposition the parts water, being utedthe following roles most, be "Po insure eueeest be thoroughly feed bserved Tet, The plate mutt in a sl from any greasy mstler byNosed immersing ral clean in then soda, caustic of {on fer which fp it im dilate acetio cold eld, and of fronthe it to the solution Finmediately transfer between adhesion perfect insure will thisals. 2nd, The eolation gust be Gltered pretho oxide of ion formedhay by to remove ‘lows to use(o the atmosphere. After the plates ‘xposure in well rinsed ‘been coated with iron they theamustin bea weak alkaline warm rala-water; pieos of clean soft cotclear falation, well dried withto &prevent oiled ie very hard oxidation, slightlyof ion ton,"ineandconting and brite, re. s of fron used by ofmanufacturer combing the white Should surfacebebe iron."whale outingany of ironthe way fulleable Gannged, the dilate sulpburio acid, and Scored by jumersionthein above proces. tercoated again by Copper Tubes made by Galvanie Proce tho details of a Le Génie Induetrial publishes -tubes soldering, processfor making copperwithout

MACKENZIE'S by camel’ urfuce of tho glass a eo glass is putof anintoannealing When quite dry thethetomporatu re heated the€o about borax, by vite gun burat off and grentthe ramets yen tothe cewantswhichthe igoldmay with fying, “Theby’ pds bo barasbed, ian after fixed {hg upon poresiain iain likethismanner wareand being kindof and uso of borex; the transpare fa chat nt or Hable to often, Deiter feo i heat rod low a in form, ie in d e r u j n i be {a and more finer from thesustain {rom tho rik ofandglassinjuryare which sah ape Co

sible ntskinds Dorelain another wares may be Kreatme ed,slvered, nned, and bronzed in «tke platnis ar snane in ‘Preparation for Gilding onPoreta she brothers of Tho tion,d onthe bySayenti prepara ‘This pealar ,, Salvétat reporte is Dutusts goldxai the burning after that i, of gs uvonte g. Thiry-t polishinwarmed bright asof notgoldto require foframes with 128 aro geally 877 of tho samearo welght of nitio a‘Tocid theandsolution rmmnes reasid, 12 added rrocbloesof tin and 12 grammes of butioferan~ tamm the solution all are s ofdaslved, snd,with when Gimony, water gramme $00 d Inailte ‘Aumistaro is now prepared e,by heating togetheofr grammes 16 of turpentin gramtoeandr of16.ol gramme a0 iphury s of Veni turpent ine d 0 grammes fs of nowoll is dsclve the rsulphur Whoo gold solution ‘The rredto is added. WF lovonde gother, unt ‘tied, and the two aro well {he aquous elution Becomes withthe docoloried, showing "The balsa. united has gold tho al hat swatery portion i ten poured away, and the oly EAT Washo with ain water a en eae r has dsuppeared, hen esthe last tracy of molstu r bran moreof lavende ol ine are added,sadand100re,”thegramme of‘war oll med of turpent to Insure tho pexfot admixtu Whwhole atepart lsof bismuth of suboitr graumes fuld 8Affec Guileadded, wards refrom the lear decanted any redwood gold aud othe ne aio ting bala i cnauntzated2 ft consne d forpala with. ‘The balsam 90 prepare is a {hide duidyof x pale-greon color, the gold being Perfectly disolved. e Whoa prepur properioncaroneveris taken blisthis all moistur {o'reaoia veburaing tera

‘which consats by simply ositing 00 end Can Kad pater the’ ingavatie depbatory sneltig oat thetubeslead. dod of coutae form-—steaight, curved, or tubes rightanglet, This suggests the idea of foroing inthe se tine oores or pipo ela through Tho sley 47 ioTate;forcedthemwithint allowed the anaof towaxofthe harden lightly, he Ie Zn bo covered with plumbogo andan else: Gepost of When’ eopper thetaadocopper uponis deported it with aguante attery. sn roBete slant ibiskness tho clay ny be removed from Intarior by bling the piperequire in water.longTods eondact thie manvfact troughs, aadmaking the srsight expnse would probally be tofor veal for oopper-tabes; tut feed aber ash ap hecopper-tubes wor of il od perhaps pay” Carved are commeoly Se by sing straighttubetabsintowithis htcurved ret, form, on forating the entire To Gild Leathe When thethe repsiin pobecomes ooo! it thefs driven oat atoby frig , whieh breaks roun-or gilt Agures, impross to order In ual pees. as on the cove must tier marke upon Teather, ete, doors, for eigings books,‘bor dusted over with very. thefinelyleatherpowdered GILDING, SILVERING, AND TINNING. or iron tools ‘The before mastic gum. of arranged resin Yellow To Gitd Glues and Poreelain, clone t rack a on now are ‘Kamps Drinking and othes bocoming red

on their edges. This is do five varnish or by hoat. ‘The varnih 1a prepared an equal weight bycltherdissolving of eopal in orboiled amber.”Tingeed-ol This isto bo diluted by ® proper quantity of oll of turpentine, ao ust be of tho glam ‘ap lied aa thin at possible tototis pars which done, is When gilt be to itended ll be in about $4 hours, tho glans i to be paced fo bura the iis eo warmAt a¢thisalmost Tn a stove,wtientill handled.” Angers temperature the la wll beams adherveway, anwilla eet ‘aro in eval tho in old,tek, applied "Sweep off the superfuous portions of the be burashed, quite colda pieceit tay and leat; taking care towheninterposo of very thin papet and the burasher, ‘he geld paper) i very good, Cindin lah tis is the best method of gilding glass, as the gold is thus fixed on more tvenly than in any other way. Another Method. Tt often happens, when the varnish i but int. ‘washing the gold wears ferent, that by slel-plato a9 th practice of buraing tia ‘on thie hedavcountrenurnto ‘Dissolve engravings 1 ib of eal aromoniao in 1 gal. of ra ‘ fomutines water, add 2ia Ibs.an offron-kettle neutral acetate of run}roFor this purpose somo gold powder ie groun a Boil the thensclution for 2 hours, placing the water lost by evaporation; when col, with borax, and in this state applied to the clean

without fre,0 Ife8 theto betoolswellareheated, letters, they have anletteralphia- or Shot, Hach Datical arrangementtied, onas totheisrack. beat, by bmprinting muston thebe raw side of a pieos Hampark of waste leather. Ha to judge workman the enable will practice ‘AMittle bo pressed down The tool ig now to will tho heat, ‘ot‘wards of courseon beit on the gold-leathe whish imprinted Bgare show and Jndealed, or stamp Se now to be taken and ‘The next in letter manner, and 40 ionn amwithoventhelineothers,with jempedike keep toTike thsetho iletors n to the leather, heres gilded Saaprese then be rubbed offon bythea loth, leather. th, as to tions remaining ‘very other operation, adroitness ‘acqured by ractice, to should be slightlytheregroaswill Priije sloth alluded wiped (otherwise offmouths); retain the gold the cloth will Yeto great waste in a few saturated withare o loaded be eonWhencompletely {hud clothe these caso, ot t h i s gold, the end bara thon who afford the einen so anucl, of theso RCcovdeergy tuewlgold. as Some {old by buriiing to be worth from soven to ten

THE

SURVIVOR Vol.

4

1797 covering of leather), and is eut into strips of a proper size by a blunt palletnifes each strip, being thento thetaken part uponintended the pointto beof gilded, tine brush, is applied aad Ie then gently preated down by a ball of soft cotton. ‘The gold itamodiately adheres to the sticky aur~

doers or Drewsingy, ee, on Paper To Gilad Weitings, Parchmcnt a Letters inwritten on ttyVolum otsiz paper are ith gilded thoin ainkywages tho desta ie mixed lttors arodegreesritenof tiekiness a sual is olen tdived hey andthe abyre dry, a alight pro378 a fow minal breathing on them, apon whieh the gold and, after leaf is iumediately its presaof a ile mado to sppliod, alboro andwith bysusie rm {eroas application Teoso i tBae hou wil dsbotrbog comm the res.ried,Tn and8 aytheot operation willbe faished. am ‘lien Whe mixtaro is almost dry the gold leaf imay ‘that‘Tho advantages of this method of gilding are simple,of very durable,even andwhennot exposed readily bo‘method laid on, ‘The siz, last injureditn byverychanges weather, is to andmix afterwards up some goldburnished. powder with open air; and when soiled it may be cleaned tnd to form the letters of this by means of a rash Dy{0 thealittle warmis inwateroutdoor anda work, soft brush, Its oi Ttissupposed that this Inter method was that u s e d Its disadvan by the monks in illuminating thee misels,peal- smploywent {ago is that it eannot be burulshed, and. therefore tors, and rubies. wants the high lustre produced by the following To Gild the Eager of Paper. metho ‘of the loaves of books and

ter

End oneto. of proper candied consstonc, sugar, groundand together ith mater laid on bya Brush, with the white of an ogg. This coating, ven nearly dry a smoothed by theof agate, burmisher, ‘whichis generally erookodplege very Ernooth and xed ina handler Tes then slightly Inofatned bythea sponge dipped in cleanie water, nd guessed fn hands, The gold-tea now ken “pon pies onof thecottonmoistened from thesurface. leathern When cushion, hd applied dy feds tobe buraal epeatedy from endby Yothe end,pointtakingof thecareburnisher not to dronnd tho eurface A'piece of silk theor goldIndin-popee is usually inter: posed between and the burnisher. ‘Cotton. wool upis generally ueed by beng book binders to take the leaf from the ossbion, the bat forthe softs, purpose ooaadaccountslight ofmolstes, Hs plist ftpSilnptedmocthnes,

To Gila Silk, Satin, Ioory, ete, by Hydrogen Gea Tusmerse a piace of whito eating sll, o ivory in ‘solution proportionwater.of I part of ofthe ebloride eblorideof gold, to 3 nthe of disiled Whilst the substance to bo gilded is still wet, i= jar of hydrogen gas; it will soon bo covered by a complete cout of gold.

Another Method. bo veryPaintprettily may forogoing experiment ‘Theadvantageously fulowez te vari and ao ul fowe with ery ie latin nants tevnel,r other above-mentioned the in dipped ete, and old thera ESL, ou places of sil satin gaa from'which hydrogen Eyota Florenceduring flask, water the ot decomposition the evolved, paintedall The with Seon dings. by‘saiphurieley inaedafowand iinutes, shine Wilcoating overs gold tothe airofthis tho purest oftarnish fhe aplondor oF i exposure on ot will fied aching Oil Ging on Wood, by frst bo covered, or andprimed, wood mustof buledlnceedell 2 or‘Thocoatings carbonate and conceal th pores d, in obdor tooftheAll upsurface Stthe leairregularities byquitetho Seasoned Veins Is tho mood, When the priming i t ois must becomolad red00, exile gold icotogether Sry shin goaby ofgriuing prepared that fean may.ba oil ‘That ciying Seed withad ihetho tiekete Geter. the older frosured, Monk frediy itis tooi bsef tarpenlas ed, previously tobrought being fe il wile th ted good If 12tho hotrs,pold-sizemore ioan conten, proper {2Tora mil be suficlontiy dry a {oll the artis thoto provse totheofthe ast pat ofthe For Gat. application wiih rece Tis purpove a leat of gold i spread on a cushion (formed by a fowaboutfolds8 Tacbes of Maunel on a Mote of wiod, square,seared by a tight

1 Gild by Burniahing.

‘his operation ig beading, chiefly performed on pict frames moulding, and tne stueoa-work, ‘Tho taeface to sizbogiemade snustby boboiling onrfully covered with a strong dows piecestil Sf{heywhiteare reduced leather orto slippiags of parchment a sl amtetjelly"be applidy This coating Teing dried 6 or 10 ore cone fini of the sme sie, mixed with Soo Panis plaster or washed chalk.’ When a suficent nan {sroflayer have heen pat on, varying aceording toomethe quitnature dry,of a themoderately work, andthistha layer holo mestis by bo Spplied, compesed of sine ad Armenian bole, or aniet thi lost uacal yetmanner, oxide offs telead.bo putWhileon inthe Slowgotd-eat iheJil pres ed by fhe cottonmediately bay and,atherobofore om thebeingsie\is besom® to ave intended whichcarefully ose parte dry,Urilant perfectly Bethe stort re te burn Dyan‘In order agate to cr saea doge’ toothy offixedbaraishingy ina handle,i tho labor ‘ouamon, but badand topractic, eightythe torst buraieh the aliant parts, deaden by drawing aontratt brush betmeen over themthe dipped in andsize; thetheunpoli required poled fold te iodeod thusto obtsinedy but the In general est WPoswsh inferior that produced the regular ‘adWay; andpart theoo smallest drop Ths of watr kindof falling ongildingthe fan ony be a the bygolda softto b Push, with hot epirit of wine, oF leaned ‘iol torpentie,

Matting. ‘The parts to be burnishod (in gilding on metals) Doing covered with the usual guarding, piece [s 1d;fasteneditis thenby tufivebe ironhighlywires heated to tho ontend theoftheanguard. iron Jog becomes brown,4 fe when gold'color. tho gildingwillTt isbo wowfoundto tohave acquired ‘bofad covered with a mixture of common salt, nitro, slut, Iyuesed in the water of crystallization {hey poe theto beexline carriedcoating again is to inthea fire andeautain’ hentedthe until state fusionbewithdrawa and beeomesandneatly transparent, ‘hen ofit must suddenly plunged nto cold water, which removes both coating and guarding.” Dip it sferwards in cory weak mite fold, andwater. wash it repeatedly in either severalby exposure separate tbe of Thinay be delod to ait, oF gently wiping it with clean, sll, dry nen To Gild Copper, stey by Amalgam, Immerso a very clean bright piece of eopper in ‘diluted solution of nitrate of mercury. Dy the ‘dinity of copper for nitric cid,the amalgam the mercuryof gold will now spread bberaterprecipitated; thinly overThisthe cont coat unites of mareury given tothe copper. with Just tho simalgam, but of course will romain on the copper.

MACKENZIE'S ‘Now plaos the piece or so operated on fn a ‘lean oven oF furnace, pisces where ie Nothesmoke, Afceurythe heat isa little greater thanthore 660, merof the amalgam will bo volatlized, and the ‘copper will be beautifully git

there in by which the volatile "Thar alana contrivance particle ary are prevented fiom fojuringtho gilderof me. To Gild Steet. Boar some of the ethoreal solution of chloride ofaf gold Jato wineglas, and dip thorsin the bladebe new pookeitelanet, ot reer) withdrew Snteumnost snd ali tobethe ether to hyevaporate: ‘The Usd wil Le ound covered a very beste {ial cout of gold. may& clean vag, oria all posandof ‘ery dry sponge, bo dipped the ether ‘eed‘in tathi ota tho ladois n0 wihocosion the saneto pour raul the caso there Liquid into w glas, which must undoubtedly los

by evaporation; But the rag or spongo maybo the way in which words and other cat. ry‘Thisaro isornamented, “Lancet to toowooure are inthesthis from way gilded with great advantage Gol Powderfor Gilding. Gold powder may be prepared in three different ways: Put into mortar some gold-eat sith a litle honeyan earthon or thick guin-water, and grind tho mixture til the

gold thisis i rodueed fo Ittleextremely “when dons warn ‘rater il washout t h e honoy or gus leaving the {old Uchindin p ate u l v = e r i e n t ' “Another way to dase pare goldte (oS esi iran aly andthe p er of bya anton StHeciitate ruphate ofby from plesthoaf coprecipitate (it ondby cop. Der)atuct be digested in Sie vinega rSea Araned (hy pouring water over ie repestelly) and dred. Tile precipitate will be inthe for of ‘ery foo powders 1 glworkseat better more ‘Sta geand andwith iz huey in Asother,— Tho bestpropel methodof soulgas preparing Std gold pir i b honing y r In"an open clean eraoble, andof tcontinuing Bleong leat ntl the: whole he ae Svaporated; at tho same time constaaty aiiog {hery amalgan with «glass rode When the gore bas completely Mt the gold, the remaiing Dower is to'bewateground in a'Welgwood mortar With"a Mle and aftermarde Grad. Itt hen“Although dt tr use.the lst modo of operating hasbeen bere givesof thethe danger operatorattending annette much tninded the sh “tmercury. Inoperatethesmallwithoutway dangers imposnbla t o fore belter chan to prepare he forme Aretions trick ittheagording health byteto tlater, ‘To Coser Bare se ofhettalCopper,ove ee.Sno with SheetGeld, wo a4 ‘This method of gilding Mrswas Turner invented Bretby pre: Me Birwinghaine of ‘rarnor aren ingots or sndposessings.of copperIfo then or bras n th ‘niet lengths clase From makes gold,thelr osurfaces fve with ond Drepatestnpurlyy plate abdof puro gold mised

‘porticn of alloy, of thothikness sain sizoHaving asthe placed ingota tinct ant of atta of yoldandupon an ingot intended to be lated, ¢pice hamuers compresses them. both together, {how together with wire, ia order to keap thom in fhe tame position during the process required to

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 attach thom, Aflarwards he takes silver ‘which be msizoswith boraxto a Bro ia a stove or fuennco, where they renisin until the elverand borax place slong tho fdges tctalethe melt, unt the adheston fof the ofgoldtho with metal andis perfect. He then {kes the ingot earefully out ofthe stove. By this with gold, and prepared ingot isintoplaced process Feady fortherolling sheet

Zo Siler Copper Iogot ‘The principal copper andinott are,to bring diffealtes tho turfaces fn ofplatiogthe enpper int fusion'at he sumo tn; purposes and to provent {heifrever unede copper from sealing; fr which duxestho ‘Tho arfueaf the copper on whieh visto bebo Axed most boThemadesilverGat ie byfretBing,aa ndtedshould loft rough. andi planishe, afzrwardsand then pickledsorainped weakon muriatc tside it the sor fice to be htted on the copper, ese prepared furfaces ar anolated with bores soiationStalf,ofand Bthon ors, or rowed with ne powdered onfned in contads ash toother,a nuliiont by bibdingdewrite. "When they arewithexpored to fasethoyst ens theythe succes of heat,tinethe andfx after reo Brann beome ead ‘te‘Copper found Smita may’ likewie be Spon plato i'e0'may by heatingfonit and Burnihing leat-siver ‘This proces de ealed French-plain. Grecian Gilding. ‘Equal af pacts dtslved of eal-mmeniae andite,eorcosive sub Aimela, in epic of end tan tion of gold oremadewitht with thismensteausn. The silver Je‘om brased wha 8 turned las, butof exponuce to ned heat, i t asunies the color i 25 Dissolve Goldin Aqua Regn. ‘Tako aniy an aquatofropia, composed of 2 urintio nai fot the parts gold ofbe Iheat. During the tolution an effervescence take place, and it acquires beautifulintense,yellowUl color, Which tieomes more and« more ithas color. When the me orange oven or golden ‘trowin is saturated iia very clear and. trans

1798

{injurious (the healt ofthe workman, they have ‘lopted anther metbod, ly which they Sa great thenvare avoid ina that dangéx.” ‘They now disslye the qusiatser botsair containing aqua-fortis, tn leave itn the open during tho &6 That che noxious vapor escapee its the solution gic. Then att of thise solution fe poure into basin, d and ‘ith a brush dippod therein, thoy stroke overtalythe forfaco ofthe otal tobe gil, whishfemedi quisked. ‘The eialgu is now applied Lybecomes ane ofthe fillowing mnthode, va: ‘cleo st. By proportioning it to the quantity of ati be yan puting tem Sto» fogether, working them about witha sultwiebryhat ‘if sable ia uniformly spread ‘Or one’part 2dly. By anuapplyingspreadinga portionie on ofthothe surfaces smalgaaif upon ‘tts by warking it aboat with a herder brush “Tho work thus managed Is pat into pan, nd expose gentle ot heat; walt bosomes d dogres Hot itis toatrequeully put into a bat, toandpoveat workedan about with a paintars large brash, Ierogoer dissipati ofdiecipated ia lat tho ontho moroury, aquickallvori senticely ty » of the hea, 9nd the gold i ullashod to therepetition rurfaee of the meta his thengit artnts suring i wel cleaned by 8 ‘wire brs, an tho color of the{hs gold by tho epplisation of heighten yxttous compositions, pat of the proces in ellod coloring Sitering Powders. silvoring copper, covering tho worn parts or orpled podof silver common ® ‘Nitrate salt each 30 gr. crea of tartar, m 3h drs. All Moiaten with ‘water and rub on th avila to bo slvera old (orcipitated from the nitrate by ‘lum 30 gre, 5 roam of tartar 2

ipltated silver, 4 ox. vublimate,ext 1 dr.tal ammoniac, each 2 01.5 cortoivo5 common Make into « pasto with water. Copper utensils fro previously boiled with cream of tartar and with this paste made red bot end ‘lua rabbedpolished. ‘Meranda 4 . Nitzato of silver, 1 parts eyanide of potassium, 8 parts; water enough to ako a paste, Removing Sitver from Injured Plated Ware, “Among the many’branches of manufacturing at ‘Nuremberg, of metals intoimporva i articon in hasGermany, obtainedthat considerable tanec, include elvor-plated ware of produce diferent styles ‘They and quality; Which necessarily largo quantitiesof ofwhiehspoiledas waaterals ard veryclippingy, the recovery hitherto boen i aceomlished: petfectly ltt. ‘onsbderabl ‘ofWithout emethodmuchby expense, whiohtheandaver mightbethus removed the copper forced from its coating used again,

MACKENZIE'S

ait of nitrouscheaper asi endevolution of slphurieThe rane portion and atamueh ike place, ol of wirl mixture byof employing {ecblalued materials the are woh cols, nivate Sod now {othe practin ‘Tho following Sethe method ued with lgether iro, of Oil of sod, tv Beatod (a8 employed: goneraliy of nltrato re per cent stonewareate Pan,pacedto or better, elippiogs astmFabs. boler‘he slverplated 2128 fast i inthe which lusketmayor colander, shestirom ja about moved bo pulley that ted toa eoon athe slver be removed, the Sci, is As reno dor allowed to todean,bo egain then Hminersed fn ‘21d eter and emptied, sed fo the ‘ato tanner, prooceds When verytho rapiiy, acid-bath andSees, the Aesilvoring even with Savy’ plated waresaturation takes ofbuttheefor fhe fridual bath moreminutes)tanwithis Fequired)and itis roadly perceived whenof actthe eoliaid faust be renewed. ‘The saul aunount tion ndaring tointothothecopper, precipitates itsis om the brought water. ‘To obtain Plete removal,baththe amdclippings when raged infromwater,te Teslvering before omersion tay bomanuey,dip edwhich into a iasecond bath toprepared ‘acto afterwards bo soli the3a Bret bat, on covting, congeals to be‘Phe af the saturated cexyataling tomiuid tones is ofremoved rulpbateat copper ‘til of soda. The silver by chloride oftime, sod, which in agedis yet in warm. small portions at while the solution ‘The chloride of‘acelin liver separates realy, and ‘Tho is athe and 19. tho usual saber, acid solution tentains (obutspay veryfar recovering. small portion of copper hardly “Another Method.

‘This process is applied to roooverthe sly fom ng any & largo portion of the copper. or thie purpose, men Struuin is composod of 3 Ibs. of uil of vitriol,1) forfe boiled of mitre,in i a041 ll the1b ofsilverater.‘The Is dicsolved,platedand metal then the silver is resovered by throwing common salt nto the tla To Plate Irom. Iron may be plated by threo different modes

sud carefully burnished dows. ‘saturated solu: 880 ongold in aqua rogis, gently dried, and after. ti of til a suficient number of loaves are applied, to ‘wards burnt to tudor.” The substance to be gilt body. proper a silver tho ive ust be wel polished; a pleofcocork ie fest dip 2 plaged By thebetween ase of thea 4ldor} sipsever,of thin eodse on n i t u ped into l o s of comm salt In water, and ave ron ahd with eile SMterwarda into the tinder, which is well rubbed ie and soared together by binding wires Tele fon the surface ofthe motel ta be gilt, and the gold {hen placed in welenr Bre, and continued tn i ‘appears in allie metallic Lustre. the soldori found melts;to when itisArty.taken out, sad oa “Amalgam of Gold inthe large way. adhere cooling A quantity of quicksilver is put ina to crucible 3. Hy tnning tho im Set and vniting the or{o iron ladle whichis lined with. olay end expased silver by otothe fusion iitertedia of lipsheat,of rlled tay beat till it begins to swoke The, gold to be gentle a in Trough d sized should bet previously granulated ead heate To Heighten the Color of Yelle Gold Fei bot, when i should be added to the quicke ‘Tako of saltpetr o,6 of 02.3 etch,gren coppers 2 obj rod tl itis an irould with ‘about and stirred ‘Yer, Vax alum, and vitriol white ed. o r e perfectly redies, © tmall portion of it bo wanted ry,{e mayIfbo th sho uous mercadissolv toparatod beby anypassing super-it Solved, wil precipitate the silver from ite elution uoTE Witeat Toust beaded. These! sr to be gh clean soft Teather; andd tho remaining througam Yell mized, and diselved in w a t e r ne the colar smal will have the consistenc of Utter, ad I vanted contain about 3 parts of mercury to 1 of gold. ‘To Heighten the Color of Green Galt Tako Lor. 10 dts sal aumonk To Gild by Amalgamation. ac,‘erdigels Loe. of 418taltptce, dwts.; Roman vito) Loz dle dis, ‘and quick silvor put therein; when a suflelent quantity of mercury is dissolved, the artiles to be gilt’ aro Pie the waaton, and rush ll they beeome white, aired ‘This isabout called ith qui Ing. Bat, as daring quicking by this modo, nox fos vapor continually arises, which proves very

Mix thomas oosasion well together tnd requires water, ia portion Uisate compo be Beatdip ed into thet ‘The worktoa must burn proper spplied {hea quenched in water or vinegar, thou of aad To Height the Color of Red Gold 2s 4 of tad yom 1) wayor. of800 Yerdig in ao ashrey ted of ox. If powder, ‘icine tl eyield uo omaananSon of ealed

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 borax} mix thom well together. to ealcino tho verdigrs, oF else by theTt isheatnosotsary applied Jn burning tho was, the vinogar becomes $0 concontrated aa to corrode the surface, and make it spear speckled. To Separate Gold from Gilt, Capper and Sileer. ‘lution of borax, in water, to the gilt tha fineod gulphut. brush, andBake“spriskle tho picooverredit fot, it ja asoratch-brush, water. ‘The goldand may casiyandqueneh wiped off with reaor=be fredGoldby capac, takenits frompaste themadesurfaceof powdered of sllver by spreadingGs! over ‘moniae, with and equa-forts, Iatter sucks, le nearly anddry,heating when ietell goldthe ‘may be reparatod by rubbing itwith a soratshe Drab. Zo Tin Copper and Brows ol 6 tbs, of cream of tartar, 4 galls, of watery, and 8 Ibs of havegrain-tin, tin shavings, ‘the materials beled oraeudioient ime, the "After abe Stance to be tinted is put therein and the bollig fontiaued, when the Ua is presipitated in ite mer {alli form, "To Tin Iron or Copper-plate, Tron whieh isto be tinned is frat stooped in sid ‘islers ctey ‘melted tin,wash,baving tolation of eal sme fat. with a d,coataadof then ig It cleanse per vetsels must be well Kelont quantityof tia with sal ammoniaa is pul therein and brought into fusion, and the copper vessel moved about. A nslitle reat s fe wometimes ‘ded. ‘Tho sal ammoni prevent the coppet from sealing, and causes the tin to be fixed wher ever it touckes, To prepare the Leaden Tree, Pat jor. of the sugar of lead, in powder, into clear glase globe or wine decanter Sled the fottom of tho neck with distilled water and 10, drops of nitro acid, and shako the mixture wel, 881 Prepare a rod of xine with and file,and s01 that it may be a quarter ofa hammer an inch thick Ich long, att thes in each Aida for a thread, by whieh theit isto b o suspended, Go the threadso that knot shall be up: tod JPrsest he th eta bang uit perpendienar. When it ie tied, pass tho two ends of the thread oork, ofandwoodlet thom bethrough again tieds porforation over a oallin theeplinter Taich tay pase between them and tho cork. When the string is tied tet the Tongth between ‘he(the gorktine)andmaythe bozineat beequal auch that distancesthe preipitant from tho tes bottom and top of the vessel, when immersed init) all things aroit may thus’ notprepared, place Ahevessel‘Whenina placowrhere be disturbed, fand introduce sino, willat theveryeamsoontimebe Sting the cork, ‘Phethemetal coveredIn the Tead, which i precipitates from the solawith and flop, will continue place which until will the hole be thieprecipitated upon to thetake zinc, {sume the fori of a tres or bush, the leaves and branehes of mbich ‘aro lominal, or plates of & sotallie lustre, To prepare the Tin Tree, Toto th tefore,theandla putin $ dre. of chloride of tin, addin 0 deops of nitric acid, and shake tho vessel unt the tale fs completely dissolved, "Replace tbo tine (which must be cleared from the eects of tho former before, disturbance. and eet the whole tails to experiment) precipitate aswithout "Ta. fewhoure the eect wilbo similar to the lst, only that the to of tin will have more lustre. To prepare the Silver Tree, Pour into a glats globe or decanter 4 dra of nitrata of flver discoved in Ib. oF more of dl.

1799 tiled water, and lay the vessel on the chimne plo, in domepour plaoe not be Ina i Yorbed,or Now in 4" where des. ofIe may meroury. ‘hort time tho! silver wil be prosipitated fo the host BeautifulThisarboresoont resetbling real ‘regetation, has beon form,tarmod tho Arbor Dinne. Chinese Sheettead,

on by dattwo ttone mensbatone fn ‘Tho teatedoperation on the oris carried with alarge bi st with movable fatatandsstone-etand thi, tborusble ide and"Hie withfellow workman bes bien fled withquantitytoltedupon.Toad,the andtong,havingthe red cerain Biker its loadtho prose movabletoutstone) and dasbing itthinon thevdald tnt flat and Hist, he instantly stone. Wfebondwhichquantity of loadremoves is pouredfemfa tho esi tay, and onamir plato formed,rapidity.” tho process being Tied with angular The rouge ges ‘the platesforatousethon out of and they ato folderedot together TRON AND STEEL. Expeditions Mode of“lable Reducingrok ron Ore into Maling is by stamping, washing, eey the easing and instrils, to spurate tho trtiom exteanoove matter; then fusing the pro: ved oreto sutter in am Sto open furnace, andthe bottom Snead ofofcusttho Mie, remain at furnace tll becomes eal. Neo Method of Shingling and Manfacturing Iron, ‘The or n i g fasod im a rverborating farnaoe, Asconveyed, whl Hai, oto an ait-furnass Wvexpesed to s strong het il bluial wher ame 4the observed on theToesruacy itny themand collated surface ili is f a s b i t Intointo another mps calledairfornaes, lo ps. These loops to areshite then Pator brought Yldingies. hon,Theyand arothenagainshingled blon exposedintoto Bal: th ae-are and the bare, half Boome talonand outrodeandfor forged Into ancowin, half, eee while t h e slaber aro pated, when of welding Tet, through theit mattrs groovednot tolls. ‘of preceoling, whether Tovthethis IronwayTe thra nor is coke, cold orsefot ofhortfinery,metalcbarens, fom forthe prepare ny eoenston thatery or hllow-fre; or any blast by bellows of oF tho uso of see fn any past of te ipproved Method of Welding Iron onsate iththeure aku bundling of the lange ion od i of an extraordinary forge Si ofhaunmse tn employing w Balingen tofurnace « hooey oF skpery pscsing tho iron, reduoed. toa malting ‘best, Carouge srooved se royulned.tl rollers of diferent shapon and sats, Welding Ste, or fro and Cast Stet Molt borax’ in an earthen vessel, and. sda 10th pounded ea ironanmoniaa. When wel tixed, pour i t out on an plato and aa toon aries old, pulverize end mis it with an ego quantity Sfthe sntlaked lime. mastLo proceed. toheated the opertion, ron or steel bo frat to pieces red heat, and tho power strowed over i; the AfSreymotand thn peopared areconsiderably to Do again Cover pat fa thanthe raised to'a oat theand analwel Botan weldingBy one,a hater when i tl istheto bo surfaces withdrawnare perfectly united. Welding by Presre. SoM metals can boHydraslio welded cold hy has great boom pros sore an recently presnire Spptied by roa.M- Duportall tothe welding of heated ‘asses of ‘he advantage of prestate ovet Haminering, is that it reashon tho centro of the har and produces « homogencous weld. Common Hardening. {ron by belog ested red-hot, and plunged into

MACKENZIE'S. cold water, acquires great dogreo of hardness, ‘This ‘proceeds from the coldness of the water ‘which contrasts the particles of the fron into les " Case-hardening. Cate-hardening is a tuperfiial conversion of steel byof cemtentation, performed cn into small pieces iron by enclosingTU 19them in an. 2 box gontaining burnt Teather, bone-dust ot ferrosyanide rote Hours toaof potsssiuu, ved heat.” and The exposing surface af thom tho ironfor thus perfectlyof thehardened. {reatodbecomes is suscoptiblo finest polighIron thus ‘To Convert Iron into Steel by Cementation. ‘The iron 1s formed into bare of @ convenient hen placed in a comenting furnace with Tent goments: Ist, 1 part of and J'a part2 parts of wood-ashes mixed together dnd, of charcoal,well moderately. pow. ered, 1 part of borax, horn, hair, or skins of fanimals, urat in elosevessols to blackness, an mix them and d's‘Thepartbarsof wool-ashes; ‘Powdered, frell together. of iron converted into Hed), are placed upon stratum of exment, and covered all over with the samo, and the vessel ‘which contains them, closely Iuted, must be ex

382 posed to a red beat for IronBtcclwil be converted jnto8 ortee.10 hours, when the is. prepared fom «barbatcironinto meled by fusion; which consiets of plunging ion, tod keeping i t there fora iy which pros ome‘Allit iron.converted into good becomes.is ealled harder stestyby suddenly quenching i which cold water and thatdee iTowrest g aoquidogroo res the af greatest beat and

Inproced Process of Hardening Stet Artisles are, manufastored of steal for tho purpoees ‘of cutting, almost without an exoe} a; ka nod. frost the forger anvil; tothe iy other word taken from the ba tlrgoing any intermediate proceees und. sushi {hotcoustomed routine, thal the ieee? ansing Iie scape obeervation, ‘ho ack of forging pret dees strong seule oF coating, which fr tpresd vertemorewhaforaidatie of the Diatay and oto contin make the erisn Ml this seal qual In substance, varying proportion tothe ‘prec or heat communicated tothe steal fore {ngs ies, pally almoat hapenctrable totheof ‘oti of rater won isered forthe purpose Tardening: Honoe i i that diferent Uegrees of hardnee’ preeviduntly vail fn nearlya poalve every rater tanue-sp tured thio in defesty and’ Tong a2 it continues to exist gest diferonce of feuperature mutt ext likeiie, Razerstateblades Bot Unfrequently exit the fat ore n'toF ‘ery tiiking manner; what-are termed elouds Perle of unoqual polth, snd derivedistinc, their origin foun Wiis causes and ceaey’ or ralber aininetySosting though hasnot extended, clr, andshow whero how forthe partial thewhorenc. Tom of the water has been ysl to, and revised. Ie certainly cannot bo matte have. of aston. inhement, det 0 few improvements boos aado inthe harden of seh when the evil herefa Complained of univorelly obtain, as sinost wrarrantmade theto supposition thatTho noremedy, atta has ove Been remove it. H o w e v e r a7 and. a snple ia the extreme, andcannot 0 evenly ‘fiviont ita appleation, that ie but ox ‘ts surpic, that, fo tho protent highly improved Stats of beourmademantactues, suchentirely a comimumleation Should au »dicotery newsmodo of Toston therafor, of the oustomary Inasdening the Badefomfromthe tho.handssovilyof thelet forgetbe passed Gnimediataly T'tho grinders a ight appliention of the stone

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1800 MACKENZIE'S {hin general ly takescement place ofin theaboutprove will remoye th whole of tho seale or couting, and fs, of a darker huo i ite eurface, 12 minutes from “tho commen ‘theranor sil Chen bo properly prepared to un 5.arity.To general, tas! has a greater spease carbon now begs to uate more fog with Th

‘bingon thoremoved to Tthehe steel, mediate aston of tho wator body of thto later becomes easly hardbofersadded,on0 extromity tho o t h e r . "To this tay at ashardthe ssLowestindsbitaby ponte theeat beste at whiehmadene! bereby ‘comer ‘Fecommended vilhardening be found canthe booly effected ono by withwhicha fhe provses of Tots of fro then io, or can bo, required anySd portion other way. Theso observations areestabadessa, wil n a i l probability, tend to generalimportant ite, whatimprovement cannot btinthebo Togarded es ‘ery mansfsctring ‘fered Hanajacturesteel ofinstruments. « Basen, keder Buen on the Improved Mods of Hardening Stet by Hammering. ‘Beavers axcy and Sn fatal tel instruments that require to be excessively hard, may be easly rendere o by heating thei to ths tempering defree andto bohamtacring theam till old. hatmerod Ife proveron LPTs heated fo a straw-color, the acute edge ofthe belly, tompored to thestranflor ground and whettel to a. proper Shape. agein, A gtavor (hus prepared vithoat previous decarbouisation.vil outIftheinto steal Should 8 tial be found not auficeatly bards pointthe ‘poration hosting, bammeriog, and tempering, ley ay boof ropeatst an often a necessary, English Cast. Stel

ae ‘By being hardened and wrought, it maybe

rendered much mors elas to strongly than ten.by the magoet “Tele not attracted satetirn 1 hori sees meg Poti moro slowly, but inretainsmaking them neades longer; frfr Which reeton, ata eased Compass andi igoted articalsooner, magasteand fase with Tee Stee degree mhleh conof teatocly afbe heat made thanto fotalesble without iron, the addition 383 powdere d chareou l; by converted into esa‘Polisheatararia itewichead itis on 7 d s t e a l is tooner t i n g e d by heat, an ‘hatHn withri higherng eolors then iro es su le hes,oe anby bAcurning tame thn soften doe a the tie,” Tn salatat ionwith «light blue fame lovers o v e r thse, either of without esa Phoreias olor

‘aygen ofthe ar,Incraee pro duc atin Bratshoutstall ing fame, wilh rapidly , and thr ies from it dret appearance me hove moat is tente combust ion goingveonl, on: thesomtin metaes Heseceuysi Lightog and higher in the Hore then doable 19 anforter space,surface The Hele liguia now present s enoruous tothe action of le oxygen of tho wir, which uniter Faplily with tho carbon contain ed Tn the erastoe iteo, aud preduce s a most intense combust ion, alin fact, carbon betog'aix perfect mixture of eet tnd fie. Tho howa harlow eliminated expa so rpilly {6 owing to induc sre ny, out the S u l d sags in great quantit hile thenousunion ofSametho gasve Is eo poet that Yolumi white Ashetes from the mouth of {hedieatin vesselgtousioat ing’ whole bulding , and fon ofthe metalthe practi fside. sed1 eyo the preciso gone

i fa 'vioent the sulphur , d,frbut Se onges stele iyataoe nd felvig than iro. After aucerati ons Se ero acy on arr gray clo} Sie The Bessmer of Making Stl Tomato pigiron Prose smelted with coke and bot.

‘outside of it, s0 that, by means ofa lever handle, the workmen may movelitup and down as desired? ‘The lower part of the lag, which cocuples the interior of the lado, has Sttod to its lower end a Sro-elay cone, which rests in a seating ofthe same ‘material Tot into the Dottom of the ladle, dius formi ng a cone valva, by menus ofwhich tho Auld ‘ansforred steel js run into differen moulds, as may bo ‘to the vessel i whio its conversion into atel it required, tho stream of t-sized Buid stecl boing prevented to doweated, Tt bby the valve plug from flowing during the move aint of the casting ames ladle more h from i g h l y eazbonixed one mould in propo a ther, By tapping the metal from below, ro tosooria fe‘eile quantity of Hox, and in sonseqzence or other extraneous foating matters are allowed Weare, “ence tm to pase into pEnrdnony, ast ‘tndl andotharfsiie'than steel in woifrmity of hetexture sloenest of geaoy und i Hl coployed inal

ho Soest ails of Bnglish cutlery. ‘To make Bge-toole from Caat-Seet and Tron ‘Thi iron, method brought consis toin xing a clean pesoim theof ior of the vestl, and at theof wrought a melding-heat box called the tuyere-bos, into which a currentof Gente of a would, and. then’ poustog i elted sir from a suitable blast eogine i conveyed unde ‘tea, too irony sod thea f = pressure of about 14 Ibs 1 the equate inch, & Torgingto theau entirely tous atoto thoenvelop shape requiced Drescuro more than aufi clon to prevent t the Aid To Color Steet Blue, hnelal from entoring. the tayeres, ‘Before

‘The ste l must polished on ie surface, ‘nd thon exposed be tofinely a niforin degree of beat. Accordingly, thoro aro three ways ‘of coloring frat, by & flame producing no coat, a9 sprit of wine; secondly, hy a hot plate of iron; and thirdly, by wood-aches. “Asa vorg regular degree of heat ie necessary, wood-ashes for fine work bears the preference.” The work must be covered over with thet, und carefully falor is suffciontly heightened,watched; the workwheni per-the fect. ‘This color ig occasionally taken off with &

‘fo Distinguish Stet from Tron. cipal which steel— may be cdfroncharacters eon, a6 byfellowes 1. Afterght boing whiter gray bu,‘polished, withoutsteeltho’ appears blue eas of a Wiited iron. Te also takes « higher polish 2."Thoby hardest steal,dull,whenandnotwithout annested,shaingape peats granulated, but Thre iWon steeped fn woide tho harder tho steel

mencing the first operation, the interior of com-the vearel is heated by'eoko, a Diast througl the luyeres being usedto urge the dre, Whee sufi ‘ently heated, tho vessel i turned upside down, and the unburned coke te mbaken out, Tho Inoltenail pig-iron run in from the ladle before referred to; is thethenvessel, during the pouring in of the ion is kept , i sue a position thatthe (riccs of the tuyeres are ata Higher the surface of tho metal, ‘When all theleveliron than has yun in the blast turned on, and the vette Auiekly moved round. ‘Tho air’then rushes up“nto Duid metal from cach of the 85 smal ‘rices produeing & moet vielent ‘agitationof ofthethe tuyeres, whole mass, ‘Tho tliat, always Droseot in geeater or less quantitie s in pinot, it Bratattacked. Ie uaites readily with of the air producing aie seid; ntthetheoxygentame time « emall portion of the iron undergoes 03 tion, hence a duid silicate of the oxide of fron ts formed, a litte carbon sioultaneoualy ein inated.’ “The heat is being thus Inereased ‘until nearly tho whole of the geadually slisim ie oxidized;

Pig-iton is frotgrantlated by ronning Ito 8 oval stream intogravulsaldted watormetal kepth constantly Sgiated , ‘The wih pany iron ore, td if nesenary a selmizedportion etAinary mmoganoateto,stl andblathosted furnace,in oraciles in the or. B8t

PYROTECHNY, MATCHES, etc. Tomate Gunpneder oko of sofed 7p ;cbarendh nha, 19 art; Dest Tolned willow. Tepe s, Jrowalr water each tparat ely, and ‘Theix Incase With ‘The in wot, pasteandwayMetbe oiled ent into t h i n rods out into qtane a,Brains oneare_minh on “On hn rge sale adestentcby foreiog. the paste tod Sova, dvied by hontfaa aadbarrpolleMeedp d byouder ele fog{s ingrai tgainenedt each other powder. To make Our-eotton Tmmer clean e cotton wool andin eiuixt aroof equal part of the stronge nisi st eulphu adds, re tTlowewater, d to coalond fordry onein theminuautt,orbywash ina fery plentygoneof fold {i atte steanaru gun-u Inakin g eufodieat,on, see"PorPuovo y, ton Ged fs

SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Lenk’ Our-onton. ‘This process gives a. gun-ootton which is eonstant in composition, not liable to change, and of ‘moderate rapidity of explosiveness. thas boon favorably by the Imperial Commis ton. ‘Tho reported following ondirections arcoxtrected from, the specifications of his patent iret, andTho cotton i rst taken spun inteorather Yoose vegetable threads ofAber sufficient strength to be easly handled. econd.in solution Tho cottonof potash must then Dolled or of be sod,thoroughly in order {0tnayremove all greasy substances w h i c h tho contalo, and aftr thus bolled it may bocottonexposed to the sup, oF Wind, or in a heated room, to ry,Tied. The cotton must now be taken intoa to mak itperoom heated to 100° abr. in order featly dey. is nowof 148 madeto-1.50 containing part‘Fourth, weight A ofmixture nitric acid specide1 ravity, and 3 parts weight of common sulphuric oid, his mixtaro moct stand in closed earthen fr glass jars for sovoral days, or util the two frida‘Filth,becotme and cooled. This fully mixturemixedof sods fs now put into en apparatus containing threo apartments, ono for the bulk andof theone acs, one for thethe immersion fof themaincotton, for reosiving cotton after being immersed. ‘This apparatusmay bo made of Sinth, east iron.‘The cotton is now taken and dipped in ‘tho asid-bath, in said apparatus, in such man nner that every 3 02. of the eatton must come in

THE

oing dipped. The pare fow back allowed areto then rently {nto thepressed, asid-batb,and endtho aoids the parcels put {nto the third apartment of the apparatus for every 11. of eotton thoro must be 103 the tad mixture of the acids. The cotton must remain stato and subjectthe to mixture tho actionmustof theal. fcids forin 48this hours, ‘ways have an equally strong concentration, and Butt be kept under a uniform temperature by a swoling procost. Seventh. ‘The cotton is now taken out from the iato a ceuteifugal thenputacids, and to pressed,remove andall surplos acide Iaehine Bighth. ‘Pho cotton fe again, put into anothor contrifogel machine, inte whichTisw constant process i sinetream ff frosh water is adrutied. ended to remove the last particles of adhereut acids‘Nioth, The cotton is now taken and put into in such & manner and secured trough, stream or running ‘fame of fresh water may pase ‘hat a and over forit; at andleastthe Ldsamodays,mustTo remain {inthrough this situation im may beTeseen the time for this operation the cotton for the epece of 24 Imerted of saturated in sleobol iv algo intended to extract ‘This process hours, particles of acids that may povsiall‘ly andadherethe last tothe cotton. ‘The cotton is now taken fromtho stroam, ‘Tenth, of water or from tho aloohol ofit must be washed, cominon_seap solution a in boiled: then nd” fand again dried, ‘This process is intended tore ‘tore the cotton to ite original softeess and ap. ‘pearance. Eleventh. The cotton ig now taken and ime rmoriod in ¢ solution of waterglus of 1b. to 2 Ibe.riya, of sof connate wator which must beTot 1.09 speci ton 198-1000ths of aib. ofthis eolution of 46° Beaune {s‘olution roguired.snd exposed ‘Tho cottonto theis then ectiontakenof out tho ofatm ths here prooessand basalvo thoto Tendencyfor atto. lenet prosorve -daya, the ‘This material, ‘ako“Twelth, its oxplasive qualities lessie rapid. The gun-cotton again washed in soft water fres feous lime, defed, packed {n rood or metal boxes for storageandor then. exportation

1801

MACKENZIE'S

eed from this eause. Sulphide of Cadi Tn the following comp: hide of cadmium gives a white Damo, which is blue margin: Saltmagnifeeat by Exreunded ptre, 20 parte; sulphur, 6; tulphide of cadmium, 4; powdeted charcoal,Tron 1. Sand. Usedto give corrussations io Groworks, is far betier than iron oF stool-flings. Ibis made by eating east on an anvil Thesosteelaro or sitediron intointo 4 inal sizes, pieces the wnallest forthe siallest pieces) and vive verst. ‘The eor~ raeations. produced by theso are exceedingly brillant ‘The sandbottle, shouldae beany keptrost-damages ina dry placeit ‘well-loved Fireworks containing it should not bo made very lung beture using. ‘Touch. Paper. Boak unglazed papor ins solution of nitro in vinegar fatter wilor water. burn, ‘TbeA goodstronger plan theis tosolution, dip tinathe wreak solution, dry it try it, and if it burns too tlowly, make the solution stronger and dip i e per cent. chlorate of potas, 16 axl again Sixty-oneb ir, 35 Roe-red. Ta madeby immersing lamp-wiok chlorate of potash, 16 eul- saltpatr ith meal powder winding ten efeame, cant, por ne Sixty-o phus, 29 ebloride of caleium. nd afterwards dusting with meal powder. ToL

ry, torpedoes, sells, and may be us {ining blasting, tmall arms, end forall purposet ve ‘where explosi rq le ‘Thirteenth. Altpower other is vegetab Sbres may bo treated snd roanufuatured as herein stated, which [process will make tho samo explosive like the gua‘ottan and adapted to the same purposes. White Gunpowder (Augendré'). Ferrooyanide of potassium, 28 part 28 parts; eblorate ofttingpotas, 49 pa not require granula or glazing. New Bxplosice Costpound, d Net Tavented te k, 27.53, unded ‘ra of sodaby Reynau 628; apontde tan-bar k: ‘ulphr, 20.” Tes choap, and applicable to‘power {ng mines and quarries. COLORED FIRES. Red. Sixty-ono per cent. eblorate of potas 16 ele hur, 29 carbonate of etronti. Purpleed.

385.

Orgs sah 14 sl potas, of carat ose p e r Ninety-two itr Sd aba Yellow, chlorate of potas 16 vale cent, por Sixty-one pat‘Or, 60daypor Todas cont nites,16 sulphur, 20 soda, 14 gunpowder. ‘Ot, C1 per cent, nitre, 174 sulphur, 20 soda, 14 uate. Light Ble, of potash, 16 sul shiorat cont per Sinty.one pr, 23 steopgly-eatoned alu, Dark Bitsy ao of potash, 16 sulphur, chlorate12a. po cent, st Bixty carbonute of copper, Dark Vil san 16 sulphur, potash, of cblorate percent Sisty awearbonateof potas, 12 alum. Pale Vialet potash, 16 guleblorate 18of sum. percent. 10 carbonate of potaa, hur,Finy-four Green,chlorate of potash, 17 cent per Seventy-three ssiphur, 10 borate acid. “hight Gren. of potash, 16 sulphur, chlorat cent, por Sixty Mearbonate of baryta. ‘For Theaticetltemination— Whit Sixty-four per cent. nites, 21 eulphur, 18 gun-

powd‘Orer, 76 per cent. nitre, 22 sulphur, 2 chareosl. Ted.ate x ti . ynt r nitr of strontia, 24 oulft ce po Fi ‘hur, 20 chlorate of potash. Green, Sisty per cent. nitrate of baryte, 22 sulphur, 18 tblorate of potash Pink. ‘Tmenty per cent. sulphur, 82 nilre, 27 chlorate f potash, 20 cball, 1 charcoal. Blue ‘Twenty-saven per cent. ntre, 28 chlorate of pot tub, 15 euipbur, 18 sulphate of potash, 18 ammo Biaceulphate “Phe dark afluocopper ia rendered atill darkerby tho and enmodition of tome sulphate ofwuspotash be bernesn mind Te copper. of bfo-tulphate {Bat tho red and: purple fires are liableto ignite ‘pontaneously, and serious accidents have hap-

15 alcohol, saltpetre,of single Tisa2on 2{othe gary pnt), water,of coton, 3§ gale; gla;takemealed solution powder, 10 Ibs.(L ox Port Fires ‘Tako of eulpbus, 2 parte;Thin saltpetr, @ party; sealed powdes, 1 pare iy rammed fate tanafntornaldlameter, of from 6 ioebee to 2 fet long, and inch should b ght racomed. ‘lint ‘They amo, 1 part ofcharcoal, on cand se dame 1 pat ofedpowdered Stare Comsnon. —Selipetse, 1 b.s ulphur, 4} of sntimony,Eodon; Singles, 4donoe; campo, 085 Bea p o w d e r att "WhiterGhent heald powder, 1208.3 seins of ato,don; 4 anltpete, ony camper,

above are to be made into balla, rolled in grained powder and dried in the sun, Used in oman candles, ookets, eta. railed Stare. Saltpetre, 4 on; sulphur, 6 on; sulphate of antimony,2 02-5 With Sparta. Mealed powder 1 0 saltpetre, 102.5 camphor, 2 ox. Colored Stare May bo mado by any ofOftheisinglasa, receipts o2.5for colored iret, with usingsolution ‘camphor, 4 02-5 and alcohol, 2 02. Mako into balls of the requisite sna, roll in gunpowder, dry the tun. oman Candler, ‘Meal-pomder, 5. Ib; saltpette, 2¢1bs.5 eulpbs, glass This is of the ratomedease ina casessmal fs followe!dust, each, Dat t3 Ib.tho bottom ‘quantity of clay, then some gunpowder, then = ‘tail of paper, tthen hen ¢ of a thowad height af tho casoend ofa ‘the composition, and powder star oF ball,felled, then more on til the caso Phe composition, wads must beandlo se go (only ta prevent the mizing of the composition and (gunpowder), and the ramining should not be {gun until the ease ie filed, and then whould be {oat lest the atars be broken, Chinote Fire, Red.—Saltpetro 11b,; sulphur, 8 of.; shareosl, 4.025; iron sand, 7 ox ‘White.—Saltpetce barooal, 7H o2-; ron b,j sand, meated fae, LTpowder, os. 12 08.5 Golden Rain. Mealed powder, 02-5 sltpetre,11b.; sulphur,

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 4 on; bracs-flings, 1or.; saiedust, 25 on; glase omar, 6 dr Silver Rais Mesled powder, 2 o%,;§ on.solipetre, 4 or; sul phur, Lon alecl-dust, Wheel Gaver. Meslod powder, 2 lbs.; saltpetr, 4 or. ‘lings, 6 o2For Rockets. Four-Ounce.—Moaled powder, 11b.; charcoa 1

1802

MACKENZIE'S. arising fom the universal a 2 oF 3 times and placed on tho beam whore they tion‘Thoof dangete the common lucifer match fr araped fet on the gran tide and lary ob bave infused homiets to sak substtite for i t . Peer ‘oth ledh and grain with a worker sisar to the thas revently proposed compound which iv ae tained in the shape of a violet powder, by lx tno, teed in Wubalring, after which thoy are

together oneequaof which volames f ofsupersaturat eluto ofedslp af ns copper, With Imoulay and the other with byposulphite of eda, ‘A'imivture ofcatchehlorate of percuscion potash and or thorbblogy bore powder wit fre by Pherae ike goupodr, fetving a tack rede xy ‘BighOunce—Mealea satpro, A, Viedorholdmivtur of byposuiphie propo wes& powder, Ih. 1 of; ant Aloud or baryte, or clorste of potas for matcher pot‘One-Powids—Moalgd dos; sulphus, 3h0n 5 obarcoal Lo Without phosphorus, Tho only inconvenience of powder, 1s; chareosh 8 This compouud fo that it attracts most oo ox sulphur i on case 886 ‘ee-Pound-—Moslod powder, 11 4 ot; ealtpetee, 2 022; charcoal, 8 o2-j sulphur, 162,) eon

vee

TANNING.

‘Th afoort converted of tanningfoie leather, that” by a whieh animal skius prodast poeof teasing cortain propertin dering from those Mohes for Iutantanous Light, tigurposes raw material, snditneminently adapted to tho 1. Chlorsta matches, without eulphur. ChloTor which einplayed. Chemie rats of deypotaabyIycopodtum, tepartely tar; powdered, 6 det)2 vor:drs; ontidored leather ir a compound of fanoin and Bilion, ne four, Eslatine, possessing thoin, roqusites of great_powar durablty, ‘Biz carefully Ub cblorato with the four abd lyeoe Hib, inolubity water, and odin, avoldng muchwholefriction, theaucla ad theasvor= Uroviting tho soton of chemial reagents. Sind tie th with ‘Thowcnanieofis obtained tan in applied to from coarsely powdered trith ide powdered gun Avabie,10 g e . of nga bark tosty oak and orhemTete South, 2 des of Bout, and 4 on of ho waters mix, Took tee, although all barks contain tore daMstenee,subsiont water to bringwood,it previously to'8 properdipped con tba and nee cour the extract ohare and d i p in ithe ‘a woltion ofox Tox.of ol of of gum cepal, and] + on of ‘To tan a skin Js to saturate i with tannin in huphor ia 8 t a r p e n t i o n s sucha manner as to promote tho slow combina. 2. With sulphur. ‘Chlorate of potath, 9 gras tou of this prineple wtnith the thoforsen. gelatine, albumen, sulphur, 2 g r a s } sugar, 3 gras} Yerillon, 1 pr) find fbrine contained fue, 2 eta, grey must spirit be ofecpartaly ming qr.reduced chlorate of ‘Tuo principal stop in tho manvfasture of la Polat, to powder {bara ary and acd soakingwat im pure mater, for End the ork mixed with as fie freton a p Tr Tis washing bles thould. bo previously prepared the porpose of lesnsing and fftening tho sking, fs{goted above"Thobyor wood withdlp leamphorated spin [The nd1. preparing them forThis i elfested hy the uso o g thein in sulpburio acl, and 'The waheiring. ulantly withdrawing thom.Thoy ‘Theara nowach become should of limo, or by ameatng the bides, which dale Versbworbed by asbestos] frfclitates softens thotheirbulbous foots hyof thoamorebat meehasieal and ths obsolete baving given place to removal ‘buoifer Matches, Scraping with is enployed, blontodged about Fates4 bisa slashed ‘Those contain phosphorus in a Soely divided ‘Wher lime state, to hichsolutioni is of reduced byglueagitatiog 3 in and put into a larg vat of loon woler capable Some warm gum or then edding tholding 40 hides or 2 hundred calt-tioay the {he‘hichodhorthe ingredients, s0 as to form a paste, into Hime isarewellthonmixedput byintoa plunge aod theto bides or wood or cord is dipped, Tes sid that fing Sead allowed remula Trine’ aniarteial uren havewhenthe weried property sudof from 1te 10 daye for the former, snd 10014 feadily. dividing phosphorus aye for thetho proces, Inter, drawing thos out duly to Bgltaled together.” Tho following are soto ofthe fachate Published repens ‘When andthe plunged baie wil Intoslip they are taken outof 1. Form ® pars of glueinto a mooth jelly, and ‘hells ateri from mishof! rub with it # part of phosphorus at temper {ey goto the basin whereclean the hair torapd ith longfs water curved again Blume-cdged kaif;baskeyto arethe taro of 140° oF 180°Fah; a 10 part of itr, 6 Immerse and taken ‘of‘te reddippod ochre,in and? of fino emalts. ‘The matabes allor theskin dosh removed rom thesalar indein wax to the depth of 110th teat, efShapethe and bide with a sharp kilo ‘of an eh, ftmelted subbing their ends on a bt iron fo reuty the onofor used in Unbulrng, afer wiih a, {hey aro es No S Beteing— As a Secondition ll important to have the sie soft and in to abvorb th ta ‘lng liquor readily this is accomplished by pt 387 ting thes. fn ater impregnated with pigeon ed, 187°takingFabs.care that the tee dung, Ubu. being enough for the mombor of hides poral i not above orafins above named, ‘Tie called a bao and ‘1 Give, 215 phosphorus, 17; it tan by meano of t h e muriat of ammonia whi read, 24; proceed a Vtore Iceontains thewhichimetaking the aid besomes ture Safety Matcher tio of lite, it eofable and easily worked ‘Will only ignite upon the prepof potas, 8 pars find washed out of tho skins, while tho ammonia tho splints fake of chlorate sate gaseous a offi san sulphuret of surface, antimony,amorphous 8 parte gloe,phosphors, 1 part Far10 Pitan intended for elelether shoold rem tha’ feetion 21utant hours areio rendy this bath, whonback theyoxtrnal may beeaten, worked parts; s u l p b u r e t of antimony, or black oxide of forth Tangaucte, 8 theparts;aurfice, gluo, previously 8 to 6 parte.made Spread Srother upper days, lather,aeording should remain inweather the bats ‘evenly upon rough from 3105 to te wth glusand wads? = Ieoger Hee being sequel fa cold than tat “Matcherwithout Phorphoras, Irodiherjvand dung ths tae they ar taken ext

{Siping grounda daybark,wotendtheyshouldare Dohunalede wealtwo solutfon or tees oftimes into wstronger thaytheyshoulduiay goremain when tfiquor, renty colorel, or coe, where a 08week,at boing taken ont daly andallowed to drain the ooze, ‘They tray time strengthening {hehow tame For away. laying for ready eonvidered be {his purpose a vat ts half led with a very strong fxtractof or eine erecovered cares fully iid in,bark ote sndat tho wo,tohides each being of half footan swith hel, finely until aflpound re thus bark laid theawaye™depthAbout fnSol thickness of epent withtan boards. fs put on fora heading," covered vat the "Thethiehtsat or layor skh frmaytnobo woekty alomed at tothoremainexpirasfn fais tion at which ino they wuststebo taken up,opens washed prootes tho a liquor, ints ‘lean thing a newabsorbed logout fromfreshtho hank, as tho arenge its boon others the more tne hing proceeds tho extractto is Lmonth ‘othaustod. be atc 3 weeks layer, after thesnay Brat and iromsuccessive Tiowiy! ‘reach fowed layers being enough for eslfing, and 4 toof 8 thefor tho thickness t acoorling Teather tole ide‘Wen the sole-lesthor i tanned tf taken out of the vats, washed clean, and hung up torolleddry onin sts dey mearly When lon. heating themovil,(rai bungwith up a brassagain, roller until it i died, quite and thoroughly and is ready for tho inarkot

Gurrying or Finishing Caljehine, When calfsking are suliciently tanned thoy should be rinsed in the Tiquvr iu the vate, and hung slightly sareful overnot topolesexpasoand them to tivlnatened, direct ra heing the sun in the summer mnths

shaved beinof using which ndpros fSends es tenrororslevsled rough ourir's feiant aken wad the butts the rinsed rougl ofedgesslekedtuned aifSoarble‘thotaoskinewithave a thon on a sor eeker ahd 3 Dust fontho thebarkoshstoned side brushed tho dnt ana and sticked erloring matter of grain se. "hey showld then be bung outup, on bythea foap eat ia the end, for a few hour thge the valor naytheabo partly dried out of thom? ey Toust bo dows and placed n'a pila Bul"heace ready forGakeneuflng. ealled is oomypoted of equal parts ofgrea cod liver ull dubbing and melted tallow, and when

ready tho skin table and licked on the fleshis laidside." on ‘Thea wooden stretch this manner taken out, and the skin should it bein pore feetly emooth on the table before the dubbing is coated on; for whioh s brush or pad is ‘used, the quantity put purpose on varying, according to thickness of t h e ekio, They next hung up by the hind shanks, and alloweareto ddry. Whee entively dry, they mus bo t taken down, and flesh to eth and geain to grain, and shouldpiledro rin for a week oF two, 40 4 to become i ever olor, of the Breace. andWhenalso readyto absorb to finishthethestrength grease mist bo Nicked off on a Suishing table (made of eherry ‘mahogany wood), ad the skine are eoftened byor rolling thom with a board Baving fine grooves cut InUy it, ho surface of the flesh tide is emoothed saving over itwith eurtier’s knife whish thas 8 very fine and delicate on It #0 that te smallest quantity onlyedgeis takenturned off process is terued whitening, Th toned on the grain sido, and all wrinklestheand breaks taken out, and a dive geain Ye turned om

MACKENZIE'S. fine water, taken out, stretabed, and sowed up all dleve), 45 dra gutta gamba, 15 drs.; gato Are board, oF with veryfor so, them withcut a io smooth, ound, fo the minnor of b a g s , leaving oat t h e io, 10 dre; white slam, pulverized, 10 drs;juee,bark2 groovesdows in a pilit. thoTheylargeraro onematched bottomof Rader I inthe t h e c o u r s of the pomegranate tree, 10 dra; eitrou {iid with a compound sidedubbing, {raj eouaiaonwater, 130 Ibs on the fesh tnd blaoked tanners mall athrough. and thus semed are pat to Inke-warm and ol, ‘The alia i ampbluak, i laid striving rater, w h o r e dog's exoremente have een” di t9 prevent cles, and boiled in» copper for about 2 hour rcntity of are mor, strip. a over aro Tolved, " H e r e they are stirred with long ples for thoy. fone-tenth part of the water is consumed. Jerihaymust nowWiscked black Pam hous left at rant for 12" boura, taken ou To Benufacture the provent to paste, be ‘They Lenther in Iuitaion of Moroces, wheat-fourof Finvedin fresh water and Bld by a tonoel with of quency fe composed ‘Pho paste of watery ubbing "fron South American Horas Hien, a's enall 2 Holted preparation offel waler ready and sumach, mixedee they end Soften the bide ia water; then epread it on m slisingia applied. Enfap. bolling bras, » with and ‘allow, and over tho ta boll and, beam, and let it be wrought with a brite possible ee head quantity aby sll irpasenge,’ filed theTn thibind lege they are towed updownto stop thethe fontammer'ethe fosh-side, with them eulig and subjected to the action of and the tn loop s tate are lt foto tho up bung are ‘hoy em glee wich plished gly aiher Yewsl of water and sumach, and kept string for Feds trentea rly rset prolst forthe and svegonreadyused is guia tage ‘Ghoura tuoeeslely; taken out and leaped on one side, desh Sule Soother; The afterall gumuming. Geos, tine1] boure heir ies are changed, Juloos; ten let it be again weoughh with « kno appliedwhe withtho & {ind thos they continue and up,is and Gi drained, his el Hethfo water, Gnuthedisolv an{intoboth sides, on 8 taomer's beams atormatds pat they are looened, and Bled s gond time Sponge blood-tvarm water with bran; andy hua, for sal, outing Iato done, ready Bung gy andde,on shethethey aro sds, wrth’ t h e samo proparaton, sowed up age, and tan it with samach, {oote Kept stirring 2 hours, piled up and drained as To Manufacture Ressia Leather, Tolores Se p r o s e s i agen repeated, with this a into other Shesp-ahin Convert ‘To Sierence thatwhish theytheyare arethenlftonlyll stirod fof an of Calf-akins steeped in a weak bath of carbonate ng which of variety a for used aro Sheep-ki hour; after est morning, potacs and water, are wel cleaned and scraped, r, and ote, bokecove purpssns suchdyedas gloves, shen dhe are taken out, Uralned ona ashy wie to bave the balr, removed. ‘Thoy dog are mW Mo et, tho soach taken out faldod in two frou finmerced in anotherete, ‘bath, into iosk aroessedconverted when Thigh, containing ad a They floes . a ere Teather, Tooon Hedio tly the balrade eutwards, ald over free, freed thus Doing water. io dung pigoon’e toof sepa: r and behandled, bo aoaked inwha watesony fash other outon thoand leg,ried;to perfect thei draining, the alka, they are thrown into'aauxtaro of oxtHist allta fnpurtes, a by serapod fate ftrotehed Men trampled under ‘eal and water to undergo a slight fermentatinn. hung tobe then are hey boat, a on Katte footy tmo and two, stretched on a wooden tbe ont ‘To tan thee hides, tit novestaryto use birob bare putre: This putrefy. o srhat Hes and tunnohremainnsernped ol room wari ecloe ‘pin ‘tend of onk bark; and during the operation Wntthey exudation the and causes Hotton loosens theiywooleattr ji rubbed over wie, and t h a t agate with fre to be frequently handled or agitated.» all‘thinswhiska arenom tofo bobe tanned, andmuchperfectly dry, theytheyaroarethenmade topliable by oil and friction; bo rubd n thicket a harden to mal offorline eeped in retain ‘bed over gently with Vireh tar, which gives them leathr, weeks, ou,score or 6taken booth 1 they tere that agrosable odor pecullarto this kindof when aide with a sharthey itvongly over with x handful of rushes, (0 aqucexe fand ‘which secores them against the attacks of ekcumatancones thand to smoothed Ingfre tobe Geshy e ‘moths end worms. ‘This odor will preserve the batho Ina ateped be to now e r a “hey ‘out as much ofthe ol remsining as possible. ‘The {info Teather for mauy years; and, on account of i, fer patil a undergo they were wate and {Bra coat of Dlaek js now Tail on the bait-aide, by tram ‘entation and become thinnercalledin thelr ate to bo ‘means of a lock af hair twisted and steeped in 8 Ratsa leathers mach uted in binding handsome pelts substan

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

are ofnowalum and cowaron salt ‘Tho sig,ina which solution Inomered ofThey120 areshioyto beto 3muchLbs intheBibaproportion {In water; e l a t of dum tnd SfSgitated order argto salinehisatin fn thsand compound hey bad Fram tough frm ‘Meome braw byand 2 ofplant composed to another, romoved {obo quit remain they whore Aotr, surfaces give thelrinaupper Tight frmentaivn. tub wooden bo‘To tfoden thay aro ofto yolke i low, solution t‘wilh pre water, in eggs of tgthat alton Helenentup. is Whom. well Finsly the skina proof & transpar Tocome havo absorbed th glasiog watler. ‘Th pelt may

1803

ind of blask dso, prepared of sour ber, wera throws”on a When rontheyhavoare been of odin rusty piecos Faitsdried tho te tretahed tab, rubbed orer every wey with a paunele or wood, n-toothed instrament,lightto courcahizee theof water, gratoy thea over which ie pansod Heekod by rubbing thia with rushes prepared for the purpose, ‘Thusthenslecked, they have a second nuche af binck, dried, cork laid on totheraisetab rubbed over with s pauailieof th rain again; and after light soucho of wate, Bice pruelle over anomyof wood and tois rive tho grain e tied timo. ret "Alterthethefeaksily bniraide bow rosived all prepara. tions iehat pared with 888 forver thewithpurpose; tho wodllen ep, ba ing beluro given it now bo auld tobe converted into leather, which floss with batherres, hooks upon bung or crange. ‘Tho whol moisture, f r o m drained be foswarm apartment to dry, and smoothed over wi Fh finished by raisingefron the grain Iigity,eo hutfor theythe Tast im with the paumeli of cok swarm hang-iron se now ft forthe market. Morocco, To Prepare Red Moroco, ‘Tho goat-skias being feet dried in the air, aro Aner steeping, stetebing , eorsping, beatin stooped in water days and nights; thon stretched and rinsing the s k i n s m a before, they area nes tannernveeh bors, beateneveryday witha large knife, and ‘Veung, stretched on theleg, and puseod aferTenge each Steoped in water ; Chey are then Bier fat water where alsin bas beon dissed, fhrowa fate quokiios a largo vathea onbeenthe sled, grownaadfullthereof ‘Thos alumed, thoy are lef to drain tll morafng, trata, where then wrung eu, pated onthe eg nd folded free Trtimed e lo'daye, mionce they a r e taken, and again bend Yothistail,stato tho Best inards every night and woroing. ‘They ate next. Ta thoy heir Brat aye, by ‘hrown into a fresh vat of lie and water and patting them ator ono rescivo't another into a red iguoy, fitted might and morning for 15 d a y s longer; Aeeerbed herenfter, ‘This a sepeated agai then and then raged in clean war, nd the balintotakenthirdoff ‘again, til the skins have got thelr frst vor; they ara rinsed In clean wate, etctebed nthe Jegyand to drain 12 houre;th eomay intsfor a mater through Loft 0 sievo, and stirred incessantl day Tong poles; taken cut, hung on « bar across Thang the watar all night, white’ agatast red, and fol {ind Be sh taken of returned Into pale of now againstwhito, and in the morning the water vired toler, taken oot, and the hair-side torsped no: ‘up, and the skine returned into for 24 hours Tormed inte feeb p a i l s akon out, and thrown into Ingredient forthe Hed Color. 2 fom;pall bore of «patil form, having holes et bt. ‘The following thoy water are poured besten foron foustho timo spaseto ofti;an of the ingredientsisrequired the quentity and proportions ons, and fro for due rol colon, ora parcel of 30 then being trctched on the log, and scraped on king (crocus ine ‘iter ede, they are returned foto pal y of fresh Cochineal, 130 dra.; ground auchet aia

fod bookTeather,Thearo marks, or saterseoting Tines ooly ‘on this given to it by pasting ver i grained turace & heavy leon e¥liodee Sot round by wise ‘To Tan or Dress Skins in White for Gove ‘clean the vatkineof fromsaked woollimecwater ot bas, by Ser laying6 thom ins for ‘Werks, During this operation the skinn aro to be rete be (rice change and the hited every day, and when in taken out forwater, good,t6 thoy aze to bo laid al night wrunming Sfost ie hem othon 8 forelng qualities of the toty get lay then wooden l o g by aso, Gefrith necklitleoff water, then they are to fuled bo ladwith inawoodenwat an tobe estos for ia quate of ofan water hou, after whieh Fine kcal hf vt place them on‘hemaslean pavement to drain, and afterwards next ost into a frch pit of water, i n t thei agai, nd relayevertheswhichon thsa whotstons wooden logy & with theibriskly bait ‘ited, t0 bo fibbed, tonetfe to thesn Torinta.e forthor Preparations, They ate be pu pit of wataythe icedBran with wheaten ran, and” stised until Uiska toof thefermentation, wooden poles ‘hayoftennowas ative to ‘hind end as they rise fnAt thethe saat top oftinthe tbewater, aro nowto behighlyplungod down Higa, fermented, Bto bethemned.out, When the skiaway ng havetho done rising, tate and scrape bran with KEito'on the logs when susiently drained. give tim their feeding. For 100 large sheepskins, {ake lb with of aluayjand 3 Theyeas.ofeceealty and sulue mele tive whole water in Pout the tion0 oat,ibe while Takewarm, Hatoflour,tough imhe whieh of the Snest wheat wth t yolk is O18formed dozena Idodof egg, of which mixed materials of Past, somewbat thicker than hildeen'epaps nxt pout bot watoriats he tough were the paste wa, & mixing 9 poo, spoontulgwhichof thewil Taste with it with wooden Eontain a wallsuiceney for 12 kine anddorenwhenof thotho ‘whole is incorporated, put 2 ino takinghavecaro bocathat fathe some water tin, fs not taketoo Hott’ into “After'thoy

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 hem severally out of tho trough, and. stretch them twice well out,” After absorbed theet past, put them into tubs, theyand have full us them le in a vat 6 days, and beng thembeforeoot to dry; in fale weather, ou cords or tasks, When ary, into bundles, Just dipped in clean ‘water,putandthemdrained; throw t em they ioto anare empty fab, and having Tain some htime taken out snd trampled under foot; bang tothembe up &stoond timo he curds to dry, and Snally ‘nbooth them upoa on a ttable ready for eae Zo Prepare Shesp, Goat, or Kid Skins in Oi, én Anitation of Chamois, Sheep Shin smeared. with quicklime on the fleshy’ nro folded the wool out wards, andside, laid on heaps, to feruont 8 days; oF TF'they ld been loft to dty after faying, for 15 days. ‘Then they are washed ont, drained, and. belt ried lsd on a wooden horse the wool stripped Of with a round staff for the purpose, and laid in ‘8 weak pit orslacked lime, “After'24 hours they are out, and leftpit,to ‘ain 24 more; then put datotakenanother etrong Then they aro taken vut, drained, and. pat in guia by turnas which begins dispose themforto6 take oil; ‘and ‘this practi. ieto continued ‘reeks in summer, or 8 months in winter; at the ud whereut they ace waslied out, laid on the woods 890 en bores, and the of the skin on the woot side peeled of, to surfac render thea ‘ade into parcils, steeped athomnightthein softer; the rivet, in winter more; straiched 6 oF 7, never another’ on the wooden hor

brewed among the skins til the greater part stick totheythem} and thon separated tabs ill swell, and risoor themselveHntos distinct abore the water, By Theco moans, the remine of the lime sleuted out; they are then wrung out, hung up a to aytityon ropes, and sett te mil, wih the qua of oil necessary to all thea; the best oil thatof ood re they are frat in bundles into the vor for 12 hours, thenthrown laid ‘and falled without oi till they in arethewellmill-trough, then oiled "with th formed into parcols of 4 kins each, whieh are nuled, and dried on eord a second e tise, then third;'thon oiled again and dried ae often as necessary; when done,‘This if isanyrepeated invisture rnining they are dtied in stove, and aadup in parocle wrapped up in wool alter'som o timo, they are opened wrapped up ayain nt before, Ul theto elthe ait,gem bubto Fnave los all ies fore, whieh it ordinarily does ia 2 hues To Scour the Stine,

skins are now returned to the charociser tobe‘Tho seoured, by putting them into a latvia of vwood-ashes, working and beatiog thea tn i with Boles and leaving them til the ye has bad fsivium,effetwrung thea wrung out,to steep segped in another lice again, and thie repeated tl theto reaso and oil aro. purged out. ‘They aro Snifdved and pasuelorcrasharp-eiged iron strument, paced cularly in 8 Mock, which ‘pens and softens perpendi them; lastly, are thoroughly Arid, and paasod over tho suns theyinsruune nt ngaisy ‘whisk shes th operation. Kid aud Gout Shinn, Kid, and goat skins, ro chanissed fo the same manner excepting thatthe from bal takon nsoff thoeo by heat:of alep, and that when brought he millthe they » of reparati Hing woot undergo dificult al on called attal, "R consat ia tie, tet as brought from howl ay aro steeped inat »soonft fixiviuan taken

1804

MACKENZIE'S

cout, sretshed on hea round wooden Jog, them andthe hair Sorg of with ped Kafe; tem a oot, Sud in worki Scraping them casteveng nly,a Sto nap. ‘The difealtyit To Dre Hare, Mole, or Rabbit Skis ‘Toko teurpontel of alum, and well, 2 of sulpetr, both tnaly powdered mix them eprnits {iothe fapowderaateddn sides the desh together, side a leaving the skins the thon lay f out. u r ‘ward; with roll pask-thready the thin eseeedingly ight aud ie ound hangin ty place dryfor tome days, thon open i and Hf sudileniy forape deyit qhteatuation. clean witha“This Goishes Blunt knife and keep inte the proce Tr may not bo generally known, that the bitter

Bue B l a s la given by ateping the ty eckjest alum? day fa grin ant indie thea bufing tuny be washing given by thetempering he Jligowi wine, and shine therewith “Avother,and ‘Bol ederberries or drar- ‘wind will prove. Also, ab fn Resumurs, and 212° on Fahrenheit’: Iencs 100°C. 80" Rom 170°'Fabr, To reduce Reate yell ow, tur degrees to wultiply by divide oF gray . ats, the coming weather may be foretold very by 4, end add $2Fabronbelt, "To redicg Centigrade to Fab nea ; indeed, Wf aided by instruaments, almost renbolt, multiply by 9, divide by 5, and add 22, eacrly tly 443, Sina ink clo fore rain ligh ada y-l , tell t ; ock ing soud-c ds driving cross heavy masses) show FISH. ‘Wind lou and rain, but if alone, may indicate wind ‘Tae Waitor is indebted to Mr, Froas, editor of only.

THE SURVIVOR

Vol.

4

1836

MACKENZIE'S owantic streams and dilapidated mill-dacos, We bites freoly at the red worm, rises readily at the fy or minnow, be taken as curly a2 April fend Muy, accordingatid mayto loeation, Bock. ‘This superb same fish, also known as the Striped Bass, is found in all tho from the Penobscot ‘toshoresSavannab, but is mostriversaumorons along the of Cohnecticut, Rode Island, Mavevchi= fatts,and Maine. Block within four mil of the Rhode Island coast, Island, i s eoasidered the best locality, Just after a heavy gale ie about the moet ‘opportune time to toll for thetn, as tb6 largest Ash then come from Deut with rod, feneartho tousualshore.style of‘Trolling angling. For ‘Dail, the skin o f a n eal attached toa equi” Usually used. "For still rivor Sshing, minnows oF the roo of any kind of fa mostof 100 killing. rock froquontly attains afh,weight pounds,"The Pike

a pound in weight thetableGortantows for the following val- exovnding inWeight tho mst favored Toonlities articles: elegeapb, imreeltheso Stato, tho of fish i n the angler’ ANGLING. would uot ex IntrostNowfe much York Jorger. anf the InEastern Among the oflakes,tho iver and brooks ofrareour opporcoun ceedStates{1hthe cach. rou of try, the lover gentle att” as af the Iker end tribataranof Maine they areusuyoxfining fe bi favo aunt colingly andnot ofoulvery thelargesort site Om {You thor ae,i couparatively apeeking, Sertain daysnumerous they will fompe thnling how elnd fowantrout-Sshing fare Cnierig tha a igfeanybal,Kindwile of t other tines they’ ris analy partiulary,unvaly T o a d s Mss, andthe angler ire. {isof nature, among it, tho wildest and. moet Beautiful scones {quently ills at ertolal xeast weiguing 2 much or 8 leac caclIo Indes) rowarkable tht thin ‘Thoy a r o often eught weighing as Tight soorestion i s nor more generally indulged most nupaonr a doi Sonshal {ny"treatise isnot our thisintention however, enter Intoto ade fomfremagog, upon manly apot, bat snerely fe‘Tho Wibateneas Mubagog aud Sekula luke, and tbody withia the limits of bgle article ine most agreeable months "Eater to visita theo lakes foreation, that mey bo wish ueefal properly to an unpretiod are Agana Steer th eaten hand in regard to Bah come nack Acs, goats aod Coke aro very. euvoytoig der th anglers not Even eanly in themountains, spring, botoeo tho snowtho haa ‘melted fromm the thoy trouble ans In the United Stator thre i inet flor. Tnaeets of any kind, however, say be kepi spacesdome of tio ay talon.aon ora Ie lea boldof bisbiter,tag a fv{ce respoctalditanes bycoverig the hands snd ‘This savago creature is considered the Longe {ed with preparation consttng of ll of pene lived of all fresh water fish. Tn thie counts as find build, poreosts g r e a t leaping powers syroyal end tho remainder syeet ci, itis alo known a the Pickerel, but ‘inreachesBogland, ‘Norasois feeder and moy bo Aen by the ase ‘tho Salmon-trout i s Ssh of such largo its g r e a e here., peculiarity flor with is favofite food lainnom, ththee u-sondrent sgrowth than the sposited trout, and is less apron ofthis Bah Hsat geentperfection about which voraclossness EG as a acti of fod, bt never a iv not very He told. anecdotes many aro {here Tver of fords the angler capital sport. They are name eon, usually it but food, to regard im partioula fornia, Oregon, and Washington ‘orrtory, are the ous in any of thelakea sf Now York all neurly inhabits He frog. and ich of sists and Maine, only sizeaae within the anita of tho United States {Tako Superior and ia the Straits of Mackinaw, fhe lakes and inland waters of the Northera and ‘whore the salmon faThaynumeroas andthe anger en ‘Tue sume taokte used fr salon Sehing could bo Miudlo States. A siuple and good equipinont for rave good sport. sony butabers also be i taken withall suvantagoously ueed for tho slmon-treut ot for pike Gehingis «stout rod and ee, a strong linen line in cosidetabe neany {he speskted teout im Bfaibe Fine, brass leader, © sbarp Kirby hooky and a Ue{he strains wish dow into the St Lawrence fom a live mlanow smal landing net. "For stl hing Porch, north below Quobeo, and those whish empty “shiner” tnall a trolling for and bat ‘gexccllont ‘Tho white perch fs w bold Into the Gult of St Zawreuos and into the Atanbiter and a decidedly ld be used, In the wintery when the pretty fab. Te is found im nearly all the rivest ‘and ponds are frozen, by making an openinglaborfa Aioalong the ovat of Labrador. Anglers ually Atlantio cout fom orton to Norfolk Te ths ite very fine pike azo frequently taken with {ate th saloon ro,withabout the arial yy Tonge, and usewith 5the theDelaware, ad Pots, thoy live minnows, For this purpose the bait should lastio-peated 18 fest Sn are particularly Sunguehatae, numerous, ‘and feel capublo of holding from 300 to 800 feet of give the anglet Yo obtained fa tho summer oratiain fall andthe Keptweight aliveof Taro port, “Oa the Delaware a contrivance fir {ised bair and silk l i n a . Tho Sebing searon $a often Pike epring-water, in atahing’ them called How-line deejuee,hooksis from 60 fo 60 dbs Canada and Nownd brunswick commences aboutoat,the inuoh used. Usually ubout eight smalor sired Oth of Juno, in Nova Scotia about one fro atlached tot. Teean be obtained at tho Babe ‘This fish belongs Mushatouge, casi ing-tackle and usually sores. This atyloof tubing requires weighs from 20 1040to thoIbepikeTe family, Front, with favorit w ia no skill whatever, and is touch, l e s interesting ‘This isthe Veoutifelmostfab,superb with getne-foh the exception of the thon Along tha edge of the water docks anglers upperof theMtasanipp}, great lakes,along thothoshores on tho and ia the world, hich angling, Outs Tawrenge, St the shirt these rivers, orn among the leaves “iro soveral species. “La noarly all the pure when tho’ tide fs ruficlntly high and hte in ferce vory is Ife Tonnessee, the cold-water streuns'of tho Northern, Middle wad Offinethesportplants, aay be bad during the summer months {re and attacka almost ev ry species ofthe any Bastern States the spockled trout abounds, The with fod and best. bait, ia. early" -apeing, is the red” dung” for white perch;ine. but ‘Dung-worms the betlargebai tribe, "Binall fab are exedliest bal thoyare often aroeaughtof ‘worm, but in Juno and July tho By is: probably size with the minnow. ‘his fab, wheu cooked 6a ‘Theso well-known Cayfeh. the most killing.” Ta many of the States a very members of the Ash family proper law is in fore for th protection of the fsb, 444 sre, with one exception, fond of muddy wntery Blowing them to be taken only during the epring hour or two after ‘and being aro numerous taken, North ie our South. ‘There are opinion, is and sumer months. Oftheartifelil fies the red Uunsacpus ced several varieties. ‘Tho whiteandeatBch in Mayor by any, when nut exe withthe axcepton ack” isusually prefervod, The out of the trout enon and ceding shad a pound " or i t two fa bat weight ela Is excellent led ‘anglershouldconststof light elastic rodandsinall SED iaqurtar n the rivers by angler exeeding pound ania ing. ‘fie fe usually found tn streams afectod eatsby ool ith 50 or 60 feet of plated hair and silk the tides, and is fond of clear water. lttough in pondsca Tine, and a silk worm “leaden,” 6 fest in length, inlets fedin weights-a be propagated, tho rivers, however, in all the Ni froyuculy attached. AL tho end of this, when baitis used, uch Inego®by sie. stream and ponds. ‘Like tho eat we be salmon, bad, whos and Tieve, inbabies ponds, ‘Thelakes,yellowand rivers faston book of small sige, horring. they are a igratory shy’ and ‘and, if atheloug-shanked current shouldKirbybe very @ eoclosl in fresh water pou they horer propa portion of the Uuios, "Inthe Mississippiin every plik busk-shot to the leader aboutswifta footattach above kate, and often become Grow to the weight of a hundred pounds, they emaciated shorly ahr tho but tho hook. “Put a whole live worn on the hook, Migratory season, Elsewhere ‘Those they that don't often turrive exceed the: ten pounds, Brot, allowing tho head and tail to be free, so thie it Year tow lange sie. ‘They may be taken with various kinds of ait, ‘wilmakeas natural anapposranes es posible in ‘Thounuiliyyel ow grow perch, although a prety ‘Tuo fl eatish prefere pisos of itianowoF and a the water. Asigall woollen bag planed or bute stcong ‘iter, i consider rather inferior ns on ‘ho softwhiteportion of Clams. toned to tho pantaloons i the best receptacle for cxculent. Tt inbabits nearly all tho rivers and At Sunjah, large ponds ofthe Hastrn ‘and Mile Staton ‘This bonutiflly colored to ale ‘Thoy bite byat slnost anything. Indeed, we mere most every school boy. Theyfish is aro familiar uavally found Informed asberia n in weabia onPenn.the in “shallow water, fo very strong. bilere. and 1Y banks of u beautiful pond,residing in Pik Gout, good eating. They show feat italic splrania, that he has saught thom with orto: {erably the brook whero the current is not very sift, once in soustructing. nests forthe reception of berry atiached to a hook. ‘This Beh frequently their spawn. Ta the shallow ‘Tho streata should bo waled very eautiovely, and ating Maryland Weight of from tres to our pousds, they can bo taken ja lumensestrosmisof the fy or bait thrown as far ae possible, ae tho nuimbere. ‘They trout is tho most tinid of all the funy’ tribes, Black Bs fare not very particular in ogerd to bait, but ‘When you fee the fh biting, deaw the lige slowly ‘Thie superb mombor ofthe Anny trbo is pecas fer either gruathoppers,eriakets, or young peo towards you2 or 8 fect, and if it soome to be ede iar to cho West and South, Ite found i tho ‘To eatoh, them with tho greatest © short rod, w light line with float, and einallaatefustion, ‘urely fuatenod draw him directly out of the water ‘eatest mutbers In the Kirby tibutaroe of the up if small; when otherwise, allow him to romata tn tesisipp, im nearly a the lakes of Now fork hhouk, are necessary. The swatch but veldom ex the giving bim ae ouchto linebe drawn us lo desires ceeds a pound in weight, Tho largest are taken nd Canata,of Inaluding the great Takes, wich the util water, sutlelently eshautted to the fxeepton in August and September, and canbe as read Superior und fn the river St Law. ‘captured Shore and lifted out. "In Pennsylvania, New Jet Fence. Ile la ferco titer and, wolike with the aribotal Ay os with bale the trot, ay and Maryland trout are but seldom nage inoi a timid fob.” Me he partieularly fond of Fel

THE SURVIVOR

Vol.

‘Tin aippery fd ofFndabte noaeySuite all cho Tes Ike g rivers and ponds the, United. ngular facof howorer,Wenthatthe great Miesisippt inidesitate not extvciing Lorst rapid hx JnWay eight they ao csptal eating. The m o "uy" come ie withstrungthe togsthes, thet wort, ofof cashing Posed l a r g e earth Por {bie prose waxed homexpm trea with a lo tovilo should be used.Tengthave ofthethenono and niltl a through tho entire wore, fring about 6 fostup fawithLength.foops a formed, whichia Should be doubled fer inches Jengeh, securelyor tedOfest together, nd fastened to rng ato tn length--an oll broom wouldof snawer‘trent very andwell awhenKeepthe theecleworms fnSTinile tho bed pall them cy jerk them up ints the boat at ore, whororer you iy happon tbe fyandandlng 8 apse fab ara of taken ata iesingle ‘Wink ro minnow excellent Init ‘Young eel fow inches tn lengthy ory kiliog bat for perch pike aud tock. are & Chat. ‘Throoghoutrettythe GchHastero,very Northern and HoMi iv & nuweress, disrealy, often audfoundia decidedly in trout stream By game he heat evry oy bt ir « eng Porposts So tauoh asis guileBand infer. 6 bs, Mio witcines weight

1837 ‘THR CULTURE OF FISH. Piacicultre Ts tho name of a new and very important art destined, believe, ere long, to hold « conspieu ‘ous place woIn husnan interests Tho {extent to which Naturo may boandaidedpursuits, bytralyartigelel won jad at no dis lnegely aot only to, the quantity but the variety slo of those up lie for man's sustenance and Tuxury, adwits of a doubt, Fishes, whethersoarealy in the freedom of nature oF ia ifoial’ receptacles, show plainly enough the Spproach of spawning. Tho! belly of the female f stand and yieldo readily to pressure ‘fluctuation which ahows that the ogge eve foeunderfrouthe” theband, ovary ‘easly displaced. This being the eas, tule upwadia {our loft hand gfemalo Sah, and hold it suspented bby the head and thorax over a Sat-bottomed vessel containing lear water. ‘Then with tho right band passed from abore downwards, squseso Che lWorenedl through tho abal opening. A male fish is theneggstaken, 3 expressed. in the rame way, thoughend. oftenthe milt i t flows by the mere ‘ct of suspending. his eubatance, and ‘ream like, s00n gives to the water thewhiteappearfanoo of whoy. To insure alfectual foundation, ‘he mixture inthis stato should be gently aticred ith the Nand, or with soft bruas Te requires ‘but 2 or 8 minutes to accomplish the feeundation,

‘hose found in rivers and ponds, ‘The former are 445 f better flavored fish than chub, and may'be taken ‘with theare rolpoorworm any toaton ‘They bers,in. butdeep oftenwatershowat considerable fight after being hooked. full eown fiah weighs from 3 tod Ibe. Herring.

‘Thief the most numerous of fiah United andStatenon clearIedays, with ‘worm in or thoshad-roo, a southe frm wind, will jump at a gaudy dy or pice of rod Anne goingstonthroughto hook. after eourse Porof * gating our parpey, ‘ety palatable Sab, He don't often exooed ab. ia weight. Roach. ‘ThisGah ie found in nearly every portion of the United States; le fair biter, bue the poorest of allas don't atusually 3 1b, In weight,an nd myesculont, DoHo taken any exooed season with

Tiule pace ot dough attached to ball hook. Redfi

alongside of tho trout. Ie but soldom exoae br Banchesin iyth. inrats,poured

MACKENZIE'S. somovo them for the purpose of cleaning, Buch changes the procoss of incubation. ep thy retard are bate, the young Bah at aptBrento ‘hafo yeiolo whiehby coming with’ thethe umbilical wize, an injury generallyim contact proves tal.Tn preference tothe above M, Coste recommends tho ute of « wooden box with binged ends and corer, in all of which are openings for the water, protected by wire gauzo, snd containing also © fourfold frame of glass rode for the sccommodaton“Ta ofthothecourse spewn.af a few hours after the process of fecundation, a change may be seen in the eggs ‘Attransparency, iat they become soon netresumeappears their ‘Celopaque,oundbut pot hich geataly extends until ono end tak the ‘Asthe ogee open tho head and ‘ail Gret emerge, and {to tha belly ofth the Ss ‘me, a8 tho only’ eouroe of nutrient To ease the eggs in the hatehing-box becot covered with film from the impurity of tho wator, ‘hoy shouldof bohadger's eloansedbar.with a feather, or with fine brush "Dhe ogga may bo traneforred from one veseal to nother gle poe the sem of ied is byclosedmanneby theof finger. ThoBg egg is mado {eater tho tubo by removing the ‘Tho young Sah very soon of ature and inatinet. ome,displays Hike tho diferences piko and them free quichly Deel, Yesicle and shoot about at they andrequire but little cara. ‘The pike, for instance, the trout, may very coon 4 pli into ponds and rivers, whera they will lok cut for thenelves, Butothers, morodelicato and ‘often valuable, be Keptatrongth in artiselal ba ins wotmoro they bavo must acquired to resist tho destructive agenotes that await them in the ravenous ‘in box waters, lest than 2fot long, inshos wide and 4 inches deop, Prat. Coste has Sometimes reared to ‘8Salinon auffiient slzo for removal, no leas than 2000 ata tie. ‘The basin ur tho Gallego of Franco may

the rooptasesfor theabovesh naued, hae d i f e r e n t compartnents of chatdi {erent gon. ‘Too wall io built walst-high thesod ‘at ty be conveniently overlooked Ireof ther, on the gravelly bed, are sal Deaps pebllensabout,‘Litto of earthenware freFounded scaled that thoshelter Sih may bavo dark places in which to hide and rest, “A few aquatio Blasts aro alded to eomplote the conditions wish Yrould be found fa mature ‘Tho slioo, the (out nd the 5,20 fed upon boiled boot oF hor 0th, which is prepared for thenw ore la’ by arepoundingeagetlyina tartan, These delicate T‘Aner sized bydoshthe ts young. daly 8 of 10 days tho boded exctianged forTota ra, which ir pounded and given in litle fal Humainguo saloncheaper and dehy trout are fel with theAt" lsh of other'and whichearkea Frepared for them by pounding. Small Worog contac of staganat was tera are andoughthe tba with avidity by theso young fey Tor the proper acsiation of abc ead for other reasons itis often desirable t0 transport thoSage eggs to &andsontiderable distance, Wi are feeo suparate w i t h fn theare cate uso,with the once "os ortn fragments ef foesponge,SF or with some aquaie, plant, tho mat which the eggs ae Fanged in layers. "The eggs, which com in agglutinated clusters,

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘with tender envelopes, such as the spawn of the the0 easily.” roach, theThe perch, e,, cannot con boot metiod ie to putbe them threo:quartare ed wi water a con. ero iy another

feat ache thoy adhere, bo wrapped up in a wet slot, and then be put ints box or busket. ‘Tho distances young fish in also are containing often traneported to areal bottles water and fome living equate planta, ‘Theater must be

1838 renewed from time to time. ‘To keep up the supof air, which Sshos must have, no Tete than ply fninals which live init, an ingenious appara by some fishermen of tbe Vas hhasbeen‘Tho devised voscel which olds the ch is swung ai ges. ia the Style of the rag-pivkor. A belthe’ back Tow, Tike that of the Seotsh bagpipe, worked u der the arm, sends at pleasure its current of air ‘rough the water that contains the fib. An oocasional equeezo of the bellows keops the fh in good breathing condition.

MACKENZIE'S.

{potin thoie over Le thehand,thumb; tur therepeatfreo this, ond andwadortheit,hteand Etnade (Pig: 6)partofWhentho ihereps clovs-titeh tspassed mate oo‘round the standing afer ivhas ormethod box itisof fasting called two boxes hall: bitabes, fdSte latheTipostbest te or bun’fo hal s o a r b e fend “ord atvigit angls toe on, but thatin Tine with i (Big. 6) Fig.6.

MISCELLANEOUS. which sido, caso itarorcon tsrning bo tied thevoryda quickly, Tt is ‘70 TIE KNOTS. ly kno by past how to tie a Inoty even ing oue end seross or under the loop iostond of personstheirknow Faw with neatnese fo all other matters tioto ‘brongh ‘women it. loopTeis longobvious that in having theof free easy, indeedto moro easy, easy It Srmia ueknot, YeryInake badly. ‘ed of tho it can bo used instead one av uatie, a neat, Sthor end, and thus hoary bodies, as window-sush Tn prac- ‘eights voudily jammed, insecure, andat fist tlumey, use a conrs0 cord oF Fig.3 and clook waighis are bung. balerknots given(0 below ising it is ‘The can all be mas In td for fastening broken atic or rods after fered i en hour's practice, and will be found of ‘orving them with several turns of the oord whieh, dally use. ‘Wig. L.— The Regfng Knot, ‘thould never overlap. Before the xerv= {ng make a Toop littls longer boglaning than the proposed, fxtent of tho turns (a Fig.) Whon the eer 4s Bnisbed past the end of the cord through loop, and. by pulling tn end the otheria drawn within’ the servingits free and made sooure (8 Fig. 3). Fig. 4—The Single Hal-hiteh knot, is tho onoendsbestof adapted ‘Also called the Satin tying estring. the two for ordinary use This nest, Hat dose not readily aip, and is exsly

‘arawn through. ‘fons ring sha granny” knot. ‘wil be forme ig. 2.— The Sheet Bend,

‘Also called the weavers knot is used wheroslp, great its small, eannot and firmness Ue required when one end of the ring te Just made be can Yong enough to make Bend onelett eadbanof the a oneloop,last-named. than into Hus cord hold whieh hopuss the ipToop,the around exeit the other end’ through Und then ‘under tele A litle practice will AAT Fig. 8.— The

Is made more quiskly then any other ti, can be Instantly undone, and ia very stoure. It ie teed aro‘0 fasten to bo endsquicklyof ropes east of, and te,7 bewhenused theyfor 1stndpodwil inrover slinging heary thebodies; i cannot sip,TE an undet eatiet strain, ‘linging l i g h t bodies of small diameter Iie aleo [put over the tops of bottles to fasten ‘dicate to eadertand at etysanity,” bt wiRakth» ite {Bnd fe thon ealled the be rato ee tale very it fed or stan of he rope tho fet ha

the loloepaad,in make econ theg's). right bandAt Dart so putt through the Bret (a lrwands sing,"Borondlarge aroundports rots fad{ho cloveditehy all fey itpons throgh (5, Pig. 4), woe the Sing bale nieh wil tp. Romomber thatstandingwhen part,itis ta hold tho ome on the Tediers but sligbehtly from the common s i g e bow-lnot, and ean ‘ade as easly witha ile prastice

(iis seul ‘bodein makingai! knots} Iny

odloopoverin iytheandeandiog thon by & twistshaf thacall retie ‘ake pert Slane the fen theondetaingig) pore thonand cary the feotee gud behind thibagh, {oop self,spent Fig.) ‘his knot ‘vill‘paatel pay withthe trouble in eariog ie 448 KNITTING.

Shetland Woo! Shawl (forthe Contre). itches on needlen No. 7. Knit. two; kait two. together 5.—The Clove-itek, nit one; thread forward ke Ono of tho most useful of all fastenings it ogaher: knit ona; Kat two together; dora properly a knot, for itis nelther tied nor untied. ri thread forward} kal two toTes largely employed on thip-board and in re sother; knit one, using akventions, but snportanities for its us ‘Second Rovo.Plain knitting, Third Row —Koit (wo togethers knit one; d forward kit throes thread forward; lait threa her; Uhread forward; thre toget thread forward; knit three togother. Abkit thothree; end of this row plain ke the to Tastsitehes,, os

three; thread knit thre together; thread forward; knit forward: three; thread. knit three together; thread forward. At ordinarylife are of daily occurrence. In prea theforwards {in end ofthis row bring the read forward; knit ‘le tho learner to use both hands at once, in tising, take the Bxed or standing part of the rope bro.

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Borda for he Seton‘one-half Wl Shal( for (Gaston 600 stitches on needles No. 3. First Row.—Knit tro eight togethertimes;fourknittimes; thread forwerd; Knit one two together four times; purl ong; knit two together four forward; knit times; two thread together four times; knit purl oneoneeight times; knitting. How.—Purl knitting. ‘Second Row-—Plain {Third Row—Panl;knitted commences pees againballaf «yard at frstin row.”Fourth Afier having ‘epi, katt six roms plain and purled alternately; ‘then oles, forward; worked thus: row plain, sizsooondrows towof thread Kait twoonein one, find thontwosix rows of plain sutches and arled,.go om;‘To third form plain; th corner and threo Eiuet be knitted togethor im the centro and at the ‘nds, commencing from the plain rows.

1839 not be allowed in the samo cage, or they ‘must vall ght her outof to feed her young, tir He the hen neplet ber with‘an areabundance the nestfood.and Assupply ‘ofSelicate hatched soon as the young con feeding. troughcxg and oup stale tho usin hard-boiled lace berida grated. finely Enining milk; andalso,afterone soaked inboiled Dread fubbed fine andrape-seed, crushed containing Srards wasbed with fresh water. "he 4 Jong woks.oy be placed in sparta oo about Feeding.

MACKENZIE'S

noSU birde idea ofthe hooting to adaydog bowhichin taken does notinto stopthe vory feet eld. ave not bad a ztter which was broken over mlf nor won, 20 years pyLhavofreethemfor above atoms only one toro dye you must tarathoe fo dog-botwesn breaking,a peintor and and not toeater, shooting. prefer which Lake after thfst,ello, oF, i'wgenerally peaking, they have b e t e r which grton Point in'a dog, for certain they have morehair Toke fect, bewhichkept isn.clean.grontT sever preservative tocockerthe foot AF Kept s spaniel instrongest my lif; covers, Talwayswithshootbelato pointes oven {athe ound their Bock Tae,ba thon for certain, you hindwillyounot arefod ar9o ‘uch game, what you Wahoo ats youHere myistheshootgreateverybenef offashooting {potters dy find‘ookingnat drivespanielsthe dto gamo a wood, away. which Duty quest it-you wad ta wi ‘hey come youon tthewil drivefoot everyof & phensamyin'a ery few daya Pheasant out of he trood.A/Newfoundland dog,not tutored to a ke p dorenbor Bind you in the Selds, and t o go sbove orfal wonty yard from you and ta 8 wood sof wounded wonder. utility” in rotroving bringing fame. ‘tetal”, Phavebed soveral that were useommonly How to know the oftod, @ Dag s until he ie Sie

: be ald Med trary fe i tra ld bw he Fete tucesbeldof anls g dag, woppie areforhatear Greene weake ice hing Sater TeSyTosDingo the Sex 2 ted 30Me Initaton of Slept for Children, ae singag;we ‘ho trot af the mle wbratee wie a Them Caton 1 0 8 ates, Fit Blous endrag thdthe woolRows ornate Plas elting ISSETE threatof tb bod) etter thei fell sore n gan tore sTe Fouih winge the of Pinte RG tagtbor aka a tho bak) ena th me a {Be mate is Bnger and ore tapering Sigh. and tapering odin ‘A dog bas a very visible roark in bis tooth, at “sheath at ther & Fa wt wt th th p o e p o e b bo e abou a b o u t 18 tought lng h t i w torhr ogni tat the aig comer fo arg Ddstbe vet agin Dy putt wel as'& hore, which mark does not disappear to Sas 3 Sr comet {Dtally until be is very near oF full 6 years old. ob. etch with wile hey thes ro No. 19 neds are required, and doable Look toJew,thebut4 front teeth, bothtothein teoth the upper andupGeran wen ind dine shade match he Tower partiulatly fa the Gclor af ote’ Commence ite heighten shades Sure tom impro er or eeoblo Yor in those 4 front teath the mar reangshown [porJaw, ns Vand dares renga then the eccondy alas t h o At 412front monthsteeth,old you wah ely, the of tyWye" bang ‘again tothe lightest. forve everylongest, one of the both wilTn obfl covert and t paren cteen sapen Ratid sd u n d e r jaw, jagged ond uneven, neatly Another Mu ene om to ft ro In eodasl ibs and bore a te Nhe form of & fleur de lx, but not quite ®0 ite el wih Cast on 45 sttahes, he Sie x ginning; Knit one; purl one; repeat to SALA lke amy canary, ond dd tome pointod‘a at the edges of thejugs as a fleur defi

449 andgrow smooth theTe ond the row.a poeo of about 20 inches long will ofrequire 4 the fn anfron 3 and litle Put p o r g o s will y e a r . which ny ts, dowo, worm lf ‘S moderate-ized mult, which most be Sater” Anotat the afeted pars with almond Sears old hess marks il be fullDetwocn Znd'when you endobservelowerallojae, 4 qultefrontworntet,stoth bork wool and a sul- “task, stulfed with silk, ofandhorse-bair cold. Ttto produces ined with ® dry, husky {n'tho upper Gare. (ive thet some lent quantity to retain itn shape. ‘ough,nndtromis diffout fund thatthe ot tn" thedogaca jaggedst notthenfallyen8 Gord and tatvcle to mateh tho color of the mutt flaxtesd mised mith the bid-eeed. and a, Mile hover tay eonciade is neary feck-eandy inthe water and for a few mordings & ‘may bo sown at the ends, or it may Ue drawn up old. andWhenthosethosetetgrayquiteaze loveworn atquite even, Gat Title oiled broad snd eile WHEE 68808, 08- years ‘with ribbons. End even, from perspiration “Hrteiee CROCHETING. of w dog. lokMany fined Tocalit, nroof ruled silting ondtoo closely on thethe neat judge the ageignorantly ean no and:Longergaie-Respers you A pretty Toilet Slipper. ‘Thefeable.feuthers damp, end bird Rontemen of w dogs there sve canker mony Washor sprinkle with ale fewand.dropswatorof sherry for ov thedogs sidenot and2 yearsoyeteath Mako a chain of fitzen stitches in single’ eroold which havo had the ftorningy hot; crochet‘antltwoyoustitches in the midalo stitel {he bled nnaytvom put tncold.tho sonGiveto dry. have completed twelve tho mouih, with hardly one sound tooth in their the bird Title inheads. fffeient for the front. Take ‘rushet thirty rows, and Jofa Distemper in Doge war, with abdomen. tne. fottheoanotat Urea ely Hf fal, plvo a drop of eastorel ‘of the 1front then exteb the 1s charaoterined hy a rooning from thebynotea wast and d erosbet one row. ‘Houlting. Avoid old, give tunsbiae, wome followed cough, dry thort anda yon, titahesin every loopin bread and’ ogg, with aatvon fa the water {gf the thoferh, brainand Tose ef andstrength and epriteof ‘Srecsiug caused by obetrastion ofthe nosti single erochet, very 1oos, to form a ell file ‘Ablength s a f e r , dts, paraysi "When fished, torn the slipper i svhioh my bo ramoved by exddenly s nual qui ibetetepoontl calemitie or eonvanons coe night on. Sivas trina cork sole; then pass th “Fil—-Blungo the bird ito cold waof saagnesia every other ‘Under the fil and tie in front in a bow, The tor, and cut two of ite clawe abort enough for tho sui quantity of washed Somers of sulphate ort ‘above is exceodingly protty in shaded Deri wool, Viood to run. Mange in Doge MANAGEMENT OF CANARY BIRDS I s a l i e d to the itch the same,aul: oop cago veryPutclan, some,wit hollow aticks 1a the trostment, Wash within toan, soft andsoap,requires and apply {im thetho bottom, Breeding. tho lice will calloct in thom, and may be hur ointiment. Worme in Doge ‘The breeding cage should have plenty of fine ‘cage; removed. of lamp a ahd bottom, the to pick. Goats! or ten-eand ‘gravel ‘Drooping —W Aro a frequont eauso of fits, and whon they get ‘1d mortar, for she at birds ‘out apparent c a u s e , give & into tho Forwostrls,thote windpipe, etsy, generally cause ‘must when, ‘Seal mixed with broad and eng death. in the bowels, Youatt recom. put up beshouldsupplied be fedforon thebrea,nest the Theyolkbirdsof boiled a broken log oFwing, put the twond> powdered glass mado up into a roll with bgge and o little suger. Let thot ave freeh bird“Accidente.—Yor in a engo without porches, and gover Sater tr ard” Cohage Gowstbytcna) ie {een The twibirds should not be Dottous with ita oodbe within easy probably quitesseffectuat,andis safer. Ateaspoon‘l owed in tomoderation. bre d more than thro a year each, and Keepsof thehay. cage"Letcovered. Ful may bo given in lard, und ropeated if noctsfodof incubation ie days; in very wart tary. Turpentine should not he given to dogs. of March ioee.early enough Does. {to‘weather, put the 18,birds Theia thelastbrooding. Sportuman'e Beef: they are probably Of the Best Breed of Doge for Shooting Game, 8 ualtpetre, of beet, & ot.on oftho beef, round fine s ‘bad,'f and ‘Take and well the henshouldbe ext Ker thrown eg , feedout er well very ear ‘ofan on of allsica; rubthenit rub cos inbreakthe themorning, male find « pointer, but not b standae 24wil houre;elt it, Lay it inby as12 much leet tura~ days, oggy orJet lste'at him havenighttwo Ifhens;the these anit fon ‘high Have no’ natural point in them, for T have

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flange ing itovery day; thon tayputwithit into a fim’pan, auch as pice aro baked 3 or o f bee. ‘ual some under, someit forover.6 hoursCover Te wil ie-withkeep {hak eras, and bate fortwo months, sad most exellut i is.

1840 Beach Poivon. Pat a drashm in e ask with 2 oof water; plungeof thephosphorus fale into nd ‘when the phosphorus is melted, pourhot-water, the contents into a mortar with 2 or 3 on of lard. Trivurate briskly, adding water, and 3 Ib. of lous, with 1 ot 2ox, of brown Plaster reni, is eaid to sugar.” destroy roaches, of Pari! with oat, and rod-lead, heated in wafer irons. se

MACKENZIE'S, o Avoid Injury from Been A wusp or boo swallowed may be Killed before itfalecan dissolved do harm imby water. taking ateaspoouful common It bills the of Ingest and ures the sting. Salt at all times isa good cure forfor onions, externalpowdered stings; chalk ewestoll, wallows, made pounded into a paste with ‘water, or Weak ammonia, arg also eficucious. bee antaro sk andtanae and1 hold empty uponhive heover ead the load, they wl enter ft.

‘70 DESTROY INSECTS. sth pyrethrum rorum Caeaaiewn. ‘The contrat ortubdlar Norets are alonedestructive used, ‘They to fasect are growod ‘Although Iie It 451 fs Barmlese to man or domestic animale. PETROLEUM. Prooure a ly To Dasioy Body Lice. ‘ThisMusing name, meaningih unite rock ol is ap lied ert, to “Ea certal 1, Merourial ointment well rubbed on th Viutmes, or ayphell, difers bat both Ite Being In. chemicom feotod part and washed off with warm wator and Composition. frou “pstroleum, soap. "In tho army e common practice waa to founds of carbon and hydrogen. ‘oar a string saturated with the ciatmont around ‘Many thicker variehy ofexposure peroloum,tothe andaly perhaps al, the waist ealivation. aga moans of procestion, ‘This might ‘ssome and finally ‘produce tolid, resemblingsis,aspbaltom, ‘Ditaenes, end exist doubl2. Corrosive sublimate, 1 dr.; cal ammoniao, 2 eae petrolaase was known from tho dra; water,ceunly. 0s. This ib to bo usod asthe first in Guba, but iva violent poison and its twee not fags being tho-"pitsh which Noah used in blldits moro recommended. a ‘etieTowerAtk,af Babel, and theboinglime” wood plain for mortar fa 5 Goals Sadia 1 on; beling water 1 wt {Ue dug from the Vale vue wha To keep Ante out of Clots or Drawers of Sod, preoely day, a whore Se done theinthe samoaa. 450 Draw a tine with « brush dipped in the fellow {oy fegion at the present Arabs ing solution round ehelfto be pratected. ‘Tho Illy oxtrast considerable quantities To Desiroy Fleas on Aninats ‘ants will not eross it.the ‘Wash with infusion of eoculus Indious, or with diuriate " Corrosiv eublimate, 1 ox, "Ph did ptcotoutn haa been clleied fa Burof ammoni 2 oz; water, I pint Thi rnah forat least 19 contrien. Te is seed by the oal-oil, end thon with soap and warm mater. olution may also he bseds, to destecy bed-bugs by {havitent fr light and fant. ‘Tho product o ‘applying it tothe cracks with a feather or brush, {ined at che present Ee, from 620 wall Corie of Lime to Destroy Insects, to bo 420,400 hogehoads unnwally. Tn the United By teattoring cbloride of lime on a plank ia stable, biting Hous aro d Destruction of Insets in Grain, Sprung ods $f vogetabes with «wank sation of tht In M. Louvel’'s plan tho grain is put into a fait effsteally prosorves them from caterpillars, hollow on eylinder, from which the aie is ‘No method of purifying it was known,90 that i ‘lugs; moths, ole. Te bas tho somo eft hot partially ast-ir exhaust ed, ‘No’ animal can there live, twas Looked pda as valueless, and soveral wells Sprinkled on feat trees or shrubbery. Mixed ia Ferment ation iteolt coasea ae it has neither aif Tored for tult water wore abandoned on socount sipasto with fatty mattor a n d appled in a narrow nor moisture , On the large seal, tho vacuum it 10 ofl randoring the salt impure, Tn 1861it ‘and created by filing’ commun icatin cylinds g r with ‘ras puried, ol,andto take introduced extensively a9duidan reopingaround up. the tee, it proventsineects frou steam, which is then condens ed, ilueataating the place of buraing A vacuutn of 20 inched is quite waficlent, Goateit a Remedy for Insect, (oaimphono and’ aleohol), tha price of which was Ata late meting of the cod, and whieh, by the explosive Cneinnat ortoultral To Drive away Moths, Seciaty Ate Well nado tho fillowing stotowent lo ssidfor heall hadossata,foundbothcostoil ticles aro to. be wrapped up, encloso fund tome of them yiclting several hnndred bat a ery undefeotual emily on plants tee couphor , smu orin Persian inseot andpowdee. arecut fala @ day, and making thelr posseezors at once When bo desird to ra bi te ould be Kopt ‘eoubo: codar Doses, opened some pests as had been the oaso stated what fas eon kuowa aa tho oll fn beaten occasionally during’ the sutnaer, Tt Sealthy, when Sistotalpiemfalar, orop threatened from their inroods to be fever, Lane told for fxbulous p r i c e s , sometimes { i r itated that the Russian proctrve s fora by Wrap S00 times az tauah ag 2-0r 3 years before, ho had sed with entire success ping up with them a quill containing s sug for ‘Petroleum probablymatter been under formed thohy earth a slow Tuantty of meroury and securely ‘erked, ta decomposition hsof orgunia fulletions of birds open bottle of s ether npei ar placed furfuoa, It ie found in cavitiesrookand Tnroves, andfor iprobably nthe ese hous ch cheapo d mining anéwer , hoa articles becouse infested ty and eometimos Thea lempart surest ireremedbelow yis toWthet Bakowhiehthet would in an oven at 760 or 800 fect deep, ls boredmeter, by drills, generally soneh petroloum containing rock W h e n steam-powor. by dipping b preterv b y may e Feathers {hom,. ed Wfil”beingiy found, bored through, what isand.called “adrawa show ofup tem in a solution We 16 fre of stryc hale fa ‘The chips water or twice & week. pint of alechol, 19 well show and smell of the oi, but ua ‘He Bibron'e Antidote for Swake-Bite r, ‘il strikes a cavity or erevies filled with to prevent t i l ae well vot productive, Thaof uncertainty had of bromino, 2b drt; fodide of potassium, 4 the most unfortanato peoullarity oiling, this found ease he saturated the costae chips from Ta@ 2 gre;‘Takecorrosive .sublimat e, 1 ge. dilated alec, ‘and makes Tt, o'& great extent, a lotiery, for planing-mill with undiluted lf, placing a hand B0°A. drs. Dose, 1'8- dr, ia 1 tablespoon tal af ‘ther are no supiace indications by which these fal of them, wo prepared, arousd’ exch plant. ‘wine or brandy, to be ropented as requlred by the ‘avitiea can bo discovered. Ho had t r i e d experiments on plants, wing dil 'Petroleaia ie uch Tighter than water, of dark ferent proventions ‘with the fullowing results: For Bites and Stings of Sinalt Repites and fects, sgroen or bluck eolor, with & peculiar, and,t9 most One hundred cabbage plant treated tn the t= Tt is commmersially die Frersone, toimary tanner, with ashes, were stil altasked by ‘Tho local pain produced the biter really and stiogs ided intounpleasant to Kinda, odor. the heavy, or lubricating al ‘the worm, and fulfored from the depredations of of reptiles and inewat in bygeneral ‘and the lightof theofl consistance Tho formerof isthinmoremolasses. dense, andTt the lose, "One undead plants srround with Tieged by the following spplloation lotion ‘tomotites common planing-mill chips —one plant. alightly Of ao auld wey nd Lox Make of unsure at {eused, without preparation, for lubricating” mafetten; worm found doud beneath the leaves. “One immediately. a be “To opin. p l i e d hhundved plants surrounded with chips satu Mitsodler ee Me ‘54 o8, of goft water, and 4 os, thineryy for whieh ie 1s admirably suited.” The it ean bo usod, ie eubmitted to with coaloil— the part repeatedly Tight off, Before water of fre from liso and intouched by ‘vith rifying processes, the pin abate, until the Wash this ofationammonia. the worm. He had beon equally forcanat ‘isulation. applieation of coal-oil (0 melon and ether vines to To Remove Bugs, et. [purpore the erude oil ie pumped into ‘provent the inroads of the buge. olding 200 0 1000 galls. exsb, ‘The bedsteads ought to bo taken down three or To Datroy Slugs and Earthworme Yo fromgradually. Increasing heat, andthe four times a year, tho sorews rubbed with pure a solutionTheyof carbonate ing passed througa worm iimersedin cleaning given to alt te ¥ of ‘Water ammonla,tho 1plants oz to with the gallon. wil come oil, parts.and Thisgoodplan,manual which ‘Sold water. Atfiret there comouexceedingly over averyinflam: light, Ite been slightly noticed tothe surfaco end perish. Tho ammonia will protmobile, and volatile. liquid Under the general hoad of cleanliness, will render ‘mote the growth of tho plants, all poitonous mixtures unnecessary. tanble.” ‘Thie ia bonsine, largely usol a8 a eheup

pation

face Tas

alps

aL Sete Bam anes sad akeop

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1841 fa done near tho battery, that certain marks are produced by meant of style or lover, which Is ‘ho length of the interval of the breaking and of thiof current, that signs of diferont appearagees and {engths out pomalphabet, paper, making axein produced themselvesanda written bioroglyphio Foadablo to those who understand the key. This fentiro principle af electro-magnetic te graphing. ‘Te waswiro formerly considered nocottary to utenowa second to complate the magneto eireult, ‘bat onewio is usod, and the earth is madeto porof the ather. ‘Whore the distance is groat hetween the places to bo comminionted with a relay battery i neces

MACKENZIE'S.

‘IsSooke,to contain thoder final their results proper of theheals.preesding as a pelotingy fomondbenaole e inTur turpentin forIndiacrobbe ubsttute srranged Tieal r. for by dination from coal-ges tar), and folvent Toft hand side, fa individsal Aeonnty shows {Gliained the olher party ered omes™—thedup right from ine latter. eanobtained colore Benue {fo tr it, baad sido hi paymect, ‘Tho Petzoloaes of bensine the from made bo tottera benaine nd benzo confounded ‘Tho Waitor of this work recommends the folho aate fed oren tel axspnonyis arbat often lowing (furnished by a practical printer, Mr J fo any onaandof from appliedin nlycoal-tar, ‘rope TL Morris) to the attention of authors, editors, which the contained tauocecolor ‘and all those who wets for the press: obtained & les volatile ond tn fnllina'Noxt, there arecondonses ON PREPARING "PROP, COPY AND MARKING y. ‘hie specidogravit ofand greater liquid fcamable is generally ol produce Sethe Hints from a Typo rises heat abune Whenumesthothemontover valuablo dant andburning ‘As there aro nota few ake who sorta to dowri mo is ehat oi! tho Fabry 800° {ouear for nenapnpers anata bal who ie an excellent Tooger Spear to thisnowarticle,how whoto hows.prepare howthei copycopy,soldte sube machinery.ut Vinal, for lightfor burning, Ibrleantsuitable writer of commona thetosiperat solid atrostalne (paraina) ‘ance Se -R propee renpethly ofofers 8 fr seston rotor,ar at over, and thor Atle cdatence,comporet Sno, well-chosen wordand {ho eat orhas porous been s e l of greater, thick tarey ray bo so marred by inaceursto pusotwation ng coke. Whento oldthe lubricati atten, Serangoment, as Uo seta to an ordinary render batine il, just mentioned, exposed a consider: produce b‘ble S'tonsolns string of words.” Now, ie the t a t i o n at dhe othor end a th and it, from separates of paradiae an auth, as wells8 his duty, notpanotunte only ‘lated fa ordinary printing toroatof used and” puriSedy Stet, upon collected" Goportion ‘an {o'tlet the words but to arrange and type upon stzipa of pap and for other purposes for candle, gie ters femployed on tho Morse ustrucaent to represent oar “Alrequire hove prodasts, ad eapesaly tho burning feived by any reader poseised of common there Letter tho distil: purioation oii, "Tule furthor ‘Pate daty sbould notof & Toreed upon the compost onsiste in atoragitation, Seat unaally’c fons on Te ‘part compositor’ busines to to procoding mothods, simply ia employing the r e t acid, by strongwith.eulphurie With wa sole, followed. “Eee ap Sn fact te notgonerou of tho win withoutthe thopaper meansthe water. andThoto tcnda Snithed and fnustio (which to logoby timo himeenco”" ust, toin expost ‘ta magnet or stylethounelvs, to press upon colores oll tho rondor to thins o€ ‘Sect in fs brea) “inaking punctuating, that to: propared the odor.sinountof these sooral products Dapor ‘iminih beingcltuitSeveofshombeally neagraphing, atari aan ‘onthe sctiity ie omnpete the oreof gana relative ‘Tho s o y hs cop ont passer through the paper from the polnt varios very groatly in diforont region, dine Uovvires and doosmpesct& ‘Gopy shut bo written onlyon one side of each chomies! composed, rogion. earn tho ia well ditoront of off Scent teat; a lear, legible hand, and, as fr as posstwitch tars the paperpon te i prepared, andot textes the itbontorasosor of 20 vith tleparain Canadaoi, contains il fioin tho much ‘Thus, interlineations; when astoss10 Teoessary hore ie tho soma rauch aud burning Denang, ‘are unavoidable, they should be #0. marked deed for flay bateros pon this lin as upon t h cont Virginin Western and the sume auount of there Oba about that fron Mo ave no exeuso for sista. Proper name, eohbonne, youch Taine nisal or be sossientifo terms,9 toandshowall enah unusualTettrwords, “The gre ite parain and atloulition former,in toany oil asthe ‘burning Should written di attempts tho escent laying of the thia on found is ‘Petrloum tinelly, If the author wish « word. emphasize Allanti Obusiness sos, which was Sonlly comploted hes may bo mentionednia,a ‘he Among, tCanada continent. by fates oF suaut earreats, be should under. {tnd open for oly 28th, 1865, ‘Thocable Pennsylva Wes, ioportant {hebio,mortWesteta with onethecsline lines fortheunder former,n word and noindicate lines Jeet mid oeean f n the unsuecoafl attempt of and to summerof 1805, bes boon recoverd,and nom ‘one Kentucky, Galvani, Virgin, for the lattr; fam Aino Seat four yield ‘Toodossas. its to bo in CAPITALS, It ia alwaye safer the Western sccond eabioini connecting tho astern that thatas forms probate itssorewell Bu dowwilobtain, ll ‘ho ofroqione tenths {o indicate wheretothe paragraphs aoparagraph to le commescat trib the Continess when equally old ther Ly pretising ret word the “Tuoently operation of tlographing ivorymeshesiea. simple, and When a word io to have a. capital initalmarke thovoptly explored tttr, can be laroed, boing pavely To Test Burning Oit iis well to make threo strokes under the letter, DBaraing oli sometimes adulterated with benthough this fn unecessary if the weiter makes an BOOK-KEEPING. sino, or withthe heavy ole‘ datost the fran, Uinmistakuble diforence between his capitals and and engrarUncoup, or uta If «tinal into Isttrs. two of common or ease unon ounce Doublo-ontry book-keeping consists s i z p l y in Jowor Pourabi t orchoo. tho bulb thie grt prisipo™thet ery deb mat hove ings are to be inserted, they should al be realy placing tompers: a lamp, aver atove ‘Teaasthe Sfathermometorin before the copy is pat in hand, and shouldthei inebo andoeevery hesediwholorrosond. toro ries, ty witb lighted taper whom tho oll Baidaga erat wishes algebraio authorformule, Sil tury of tnurled cried. fnIf justthe wero work thecontain below be this Ir vapor, lo indomnab of eclowny bntearing. For talus, yon ives spoil f dangerous Fake, themized o with foevapor"i102becoming peculiae o other upon Problems,rotldtables, be bestowed the, maticr, so 3540 bare talaltothe uso,lampa atharge parson with $100 worth uf mora sie itstay Tnvrangeinent elear to the colposior The af th take freoll sndshownexplode. joone ia tind that not every fstra hysumedimnosetime, accompas heuvy ‘with ied for having burned After the ao always make his com. understand Dositor ofthe wisi, bya charrng thoutd author ‘The ‘king an equalization in tho to Neots, dashes, paren semicolons, colons,ho periods, ness seen ping are in- inn, To Batinguoh the Plame nf Petroleum or Bons portant: appear shes boro jut theca the work to bo sot thouin to dierent ning will quantity, overwboli In unless “Water, if s b i , eat whioh coat us valu. in"prak h tho Bam of potuieumn or hanna extinguis not einM theproduces us value, by smothorod bo apectily however, aay, TeWoolle’cl 458 Merctandice caso above cited,morehandiee prodaosd othy linen oF muslin wet t oF carpet, or or styl r y e to the individea, hones type, the copy should bo marked thrownwhichrercomit, es eri and tho party who secives gels the Accordingiy. ofPosiry Biot, actof byearthexcludingor sandthe being should: always be properly ‘These ai without Sharge oF debit Phe Day-Book bution cannot be maintained. “is intended toproof appearor ia ELECTRO-MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH. Is used to ent all daily belonging tranections,to Cash. as its namo The authcr neod soo no Inmports, cxcopting tho ‘This tlegraph is based upon tho principle that f0y reason, to eee prot, iemey be unnostaty for ‘4 magnet shay be endowed and deprived at will into thatmul thealterations. Jtalterations should beie borne in The Cash- Book, sriththe peculiarity of attracting iron by connesting tind making of charged tr disoonnecting i with a guivanio batty all or cash entra only. The let hand, or debi extra hy the compositor, and, i propostion at magnetic tlographs are based sulely upoa this wi, for sacipte; thotho rigbt hand, or eredit ide,te they are autnerou, they ental bonny extra out Principle. ‘The telographs bearing the nauis of for payments. 10m the part of the publish the several inventors, as Morte (who anybo culled Journa The l, propotd to give some rules for punetaa: tho plouoer in this iuvention), Mouse, Bain, ete, ‘To ar ange together in more convenient form for ino“Teas tbe enactthan gag achwerk posting (oF entering into the Hedger) the several Tule would. akaresol up ore space Sask & fntries in tho Day-Book , Cash-Buok, and such 4s this can spare; hone, Lill ooly uy that,a8 ‘re modifeations i ‘the application of this other books as maybe kept ‘Reentsimply priaelple the of punststion snk cominas the messing ti by breaking off the magnetic circuit, whish fof theobjectauthor close to thoistoreader, The Leger end

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1842 ther points should only bri marks appended,may be instructiveto ‘woald’be obscure without bethom.used where the senso the suthors who are called upon to read ‘Tho following example of proofmarking, with ‘prouf as andwell otashers intarestin gto tho curious CASTING TYPES. 6 benke CC CASTING Types.

MACKENZIE'S. the bringingup theto body up to the handle, and net feather, tho handlo the body. 18. Strikes thew ‘t an obtuse angle, orrows ‘he 14.frstCutspartshort in thethe a end, prematurely slackening GASoPop swan tverohervo mich dive ttn 15.stShivers out the feather, commencing i too S©ay 4 pain Wal thtarerenyst has teenothemaeaang ary inion with rspect tothe name ofthe in- soon and bringing the blade into & plane with the the 4 Yeator of the inven. water while work may yet bo dave; thus the ox ;well as tharthe time oe ate are Har rota wll a th tine ft avetion, ton of(asPeating, ‘water in porfct time, but stroke ts not can bono quain ng, thas oan gution bat hat to dl but that to Param Sonarren of Gere ‘in rowing, and invaive th the most subtle faults Rolle baaleward, wit EH of Goan aos th ‘sheim belongs tho honor of originating the16.jaside or outside of the boat, oor ngage otigenting of elbows pastat thethe fanks. feather instead of (he ousting of metal letters, thos wilting 5 Yr.ingingTurnsthemhis sharp st ne thor lining te oof et he art of arte Keeps the head depressed between the shoul he bad lard frp the word enonned H ‘Mehad learned from the world-renowned 4%18,19, instead of the boat instead of straight be tersfdatontors eat oenting bute ye Outings tho ar of tng ato oieLooks(Thisofouterect, the boat)it up almost the waterinevitably instead rolls of turning wood. from wood, Not eat jo wth hi tm, cll20, aft‘Throws angle af the Dade. "A wave ov (Gor catiated with thie x etion mode loli mods of mekinglotars, bo keri Suse offted theis lower extremely annoying to aft; thoro should be no wave travalling us: ier tl of makinf itor) bolBitfapeT)upon th ‘he Me senso expdin of eting theca. ther form, cexpefiont of cutting the sharanterseark in Raw. Put uch In a matriey im tbs the lt trite, bul an eddy containing two siall circling be enst, and thus many letara marx [hun anny Tellers might be ade ON cfoters might ROADS. ‘af, Jn the mo ine tha it had formers (oo 4 pan™ ght bo mado in the same time that it Stone is MACADAMIZED to be procured in somo form in almost Pad formerly taken, ty the cating me ‘every part of the country, and a road mado of by the cutting method, to muko cash onejg]-, Small Uroken stone to the depth of 10 inches, will to make cach one TG [Faust was co pleased with Soho aie 1/ tho, and durable. ‘Faust was so pleased with Sohoafor'edis. Besmooth, ‘The size solid, of stones for a road should be about AED covery, that ho gave hing only dnoghy | ‘covery, that of a hon's egg. Te mastw wheel bo in ofduoordinary proportndithat he gave him his only daugh‘fe Christina in marringe. [Littldia dither to the space occupied by mension willon be« found sooth level this polat antpipato tho vast triumphsto bo achieved | lar Criatian in marge to bo urfaoo; Longitadialy, aboutof “tts aid ete ifpate the vast trie fontast Winey nd every pleas of stone put into a rod, lumphs to be achieved through this dis. whieh exceeds 1 inch in any of ils dimensions, is Biushiovows covery. Tn repairing an old road no addition of mateton to an article i sometines run tn sials upon iaqua unlts inoteeusione soy part 1 bef the fest paragraph with period snd shore vith «full tension on the arms at the instant of Ganttfo bo bongt therein nt hah =m curva contact, tual "She toatone10 nehes fo inthickuese rally used);eke butainwevallyot ta its put thors 4 3 . A horizon tal and dashing pull through the ‘already road is to be loosened 1h the entre of tho line In cptiaay as ‘water immediately tho blade ia covered, without up, The roadie then to thebead wat atsidesposible, Acepening in the space subsequently traversed, Fle offorainches fom the centre tothe aul 4 Rapid reoovery after fouthering by an elas Seiet road 30 fet wiles tio motionof the body from the hips the arae being thrown forward perfectly straight simaltar ‘The atones when loosened inthe road are tobe ously with the meansanaof there «strong. beary Toke fenoh ceasing at thobody,samesndtime,the forward iotion of gathere {Be‘fhe sided ofthof thobyTageroad, broken, ensbape, an have bena femoved he 454 r o s d is to b o put fa drake employed 5. Lastly, equabilit y in all the actions, proseryfo'amou th the burt ee ing full strength without bursh, jerking, elated When the road is thse prepared the stones that i uncompenated uavreaents ia aay sogle eat en or moe thn four words have heen be let broken by neha frame. the Of of the oa! ar then tut hake «carat hes the owiedon ootare aa {o bo careul

Al I

4]

by]

‘ibeNea wncgn writeterOuts soy,Xe comctnen tl grea desta oc aeraco arid resat,iy oan ing , weeeae Oe SFwucbo and i the angle r'ith ow w alt sggctethed seco n cs, enseee Bho che uld author spe he en he tiie seo only the Gry if'be eels fe frese on sponta Whore a tho gote ovag aiehe thcopycreati at hand, devic from copy, andor cur wishes ethe coyAs itera felone d, Seeci ble deubea ets l Plas, and perhaps wie tte rpt oe ae batopye ia Tight extend thie roma, impalone bande fo mention averyT tan uppotal eanes correctiion {hu and , eny the aboveown egmien example andtoneremshold bo fhe able oa Sprott. THE ART OF ROWING.

Regu whl Fae rar, ling 2, nine backs gradually a tle past the. perpendicular Preserving the shoulders throughout squarg and Ae ehate Seveloped at the end Catching theater and Dogoning the stroke

Peale in Roving. ‘Tho above laws ato tianed ageinst when the 1. Docs not straighten beth erme befor hi Keeps attyro convex wrist instead of the outside2 wrist ‘ontrives toaftrput thehis hand forward by a sub. sequent motion shoulders have slisid tise reeh, whl feeling the body forward ‘wittont t h e arms. 4, Brtends the ofarmsthe without a corresponding bend on the part shoutdore, whieh i gee tingB: the arts forward without the body. Catches the water with sostrightened arms rar, and aslackened tension a it consequence} thar tineeating mey bo kept, but not troke; Roopa stokeHangs worm of work before digpiag dowiiwarde to begin tho "Docs ator . : not cover the blade up tothe shouier. 8 Rowe round and deep sn the middle, with hands high and biado wlll sunken after te Brat ntact. 110.. Curves bia back formard oro Keeps ono shoulder higher than the othe. 11,12, Jen Doubles forward and bends over tho oar at

y batspreadeattron d it-—nct wo besti, laid ont08 inslovelf ahv e var he al folowing another, ond aprending'over ‘a considerable space. " i When additio nal stone i wanted on a oad that bas coneld ated b y uso the ait hasdon ed rurace fto mako the therd i freshtobemateria loosenelsd unite with withth a pic e inorder ods Every toa ip be wade of broken stone whe cutmatteriiature of cathy clayy shally or any oiber thatwill nUibe water and boasted wit fJrsenc rost; enothing isto; bebroke ladonn stonethe dean stone en of Unding coi thet by 1S"gannotowa angles nto a mouth soldwil tarface bo hy thealec by vsiituden of weather ot Aisplac ed whecly ently which,without will passin, ver without jolt,aotionand ofconsequ Su. Flint tothe makes sie; ap exedten tfromroadwant1-dae attentio n ‘paid but of tht tle tion, many ofthe fiat roads are rough, oot and Sxpenti ve. Limesto ne, a when properl y road,preparedand and eplied aakes' smoot, sold Besnaes fonstli dated sooner than any other materi from its nature ln wot the wos lasing, al but

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

Mo Manage Woter-pipes in Winter,

Wheni the frost bogine rawto stbandsin, cover tho pttwae tated and keep ator-sts trashed out ocosionalyj eras This will tho waterbo fresh up water into tho cistern for the Pre“Tn andpawplog aterslont be very parila, fapipe winter tine, ‘Eat altho watoe bolt out of the wien done} ‘be ff tinal! this fsgilt forgotten,and andbore should be frou, {als bole inthe pips fle dae frm tho pac wir tit thick its bursting.” tho bolewil wenprovent the water islet Put 4 peg into

No make an Bulian Harp. or 7 orother& inches soft wood amukeOF very a box thin § or cedar, 0 inches pine,Jeep, Wide, ‘and ofa length just equal to tho width of tho low dn which i foto be placed. Across the wintop, hear ouch ond, glue u strip of wood balf an inch igh ane ends quarter ofbox insert Foch thik for pins Urdgeike nto tho of the wooden those of a viola, to wind the strings around, two PAilnea of eaoh , Mako the wide the top, endand string thesound-holy box with in mal eat gutnd ofor each blue string Brit-Addle strings. Fastening to n metalie pin jn uno end oeof the box, and, carrying tt over tho bridges, wind il frounil the tarsing-pan in the opposite end of tho bos, ends ofthe thewooden box shoul be increased {hieknesshe where pins enter, by a placein ‘of wood glued upon the inside. Tune the stings fnbotter Gnisonto and box inas thedescribody window. butIts have pluce four thestrings, bbarp with e single sing prolusee an exceedingly sweet melody of notes, which vary’ with the for00 of tho wind. 455 To Gure Smoky Chimney ‘The common causes of smoky chimneys aro at the wind is too elsemuchthatTet thein above that ‘either smoke is the mouth of the shaft or also from thera below.littleTheyroommayin tho proceed Hided too being vent, particularly samo funnel. Tho nto thelikewise ‘where ioneoveral of tho open howso imay affost thom, topecially if backed by higher ground or higher buildings "The best method of cure is to oarry from the air ‘pipe under the Noor and opening wnder the fre; are the cause, to dx a higherut theobjeate nr when oovl ‘Movable top of tho chimney. a fow facta and sbieanoys, Tn regardmay to be sioky useful; and a vory simplo remcautione ily coay oftenunnecessary. render the calling in of masons and Drleblajers ‘Observe that a northern aspost often produces a smoky chimney. “Asigle chimney fe eptar to smoke then when it forme part of a stack. ‘Straight funnels seldom well. partioulanly Large fir-plnccs are apt dray to smoke, ‘when the aperture of the funnal doas not corres temporary remedy may

ate itoone theof of fresha pipo, adanonatrodico a constant roqure Dest modstall lst leapertures Todi, tho open maywie boandmedstho bo ia openings thoes or grato; tho aader ‘her the top of the apartsont, Hf Lit, without Sear tiny inconvenience oven to persons siting else by the‘ThisOe spesion of atital ventilation wil always is std whoreor gas for comfort slighted found necesacy beintarnlly, ot. whetbot afro & froby alets against be goardedsmokes when this may onlyGraduall lightd,5 shisiney frat‘Where y or Towing hero. grat, tho rapid ich as shavings, om the top ofthe onbustion of wih will warm tho ale ta the

1843 chimney, and give ita tendonoy upwards, before fany staoko is areproduced ire itself. old tovesgratet apt to from smoke,the they may beIf improved by vellig the stove furthor bask. If that falls,Tn eothagos, contract thethe lower shortnessorioo.of the fonnel or ohimrey may produce smoke; in which cago the lower ‘riboe mast bo eomtracted as sinll as possible by ‘means an upright registeroverpowors that of the TH’ ofkitchen chimney parlor, ao is often the easo in tall houses, apply Ao each obimnoy a freo udmission of at, until tho rll‘Whos couse « chimney Ig Bled with smoko, nt ofits own but infromsovering the funneleach nextfonnelto iwithaa tasy formation, reinety efors, f conical top,or carthen crock, mot cylindrica bata frustum of cone, by means of which the thro openings are separated a few inches, and the of wind no Tonger forees th cold air or thewithgostthom. down folke ‘Ir these remadies fil i will bo generally found when the wind only smokes chianoyquarter, tho hat {n'a partioular connected with the pos or = Ll, oF grov don of aoane higher building, tho’ common tarneap, a In tuch andcasesironiongers, foffadetrees,by tinmien will generally end proposed. A bo fund Sully adequate to thea smoky of curing chimnoy exby fase haeto oceurred the northwest wind, and commanded fese building on the southeast, by the TollowPottycouteivane fog ‘A painted « conical was over sus pended by a tinring cap, and ofowivel, s0-a8 form, to soning the mouth of the chimney-pot by meant of aa ‘ached strap or bar of iron nailed on eaeh sido of fhe chimney. | When a gust of wind laid this eap (Gehioh, from Sts resemblance bx form and ute to ‘tn uinbrella is called a paravont or a wind-guard) ‘logs to. the pot on one sido, t opoaod. passage forte eseapo of the smoke on the wider oppoHie side, whichever way the wind came, while ain, hail, le. wore efuctually provented from dofending the Aus. Do Clean Chinneye ‘Tho top of each should ofbo @ farsished with a pot somewhatchimney in the shapo bell, une omoath the contro of which should be ploy, with a chain ef cufistent Bength forSxedbotha {nds fastonod, oatwhoaof sight, not in butuse,within to nailsreachoF pine into thebo chimney, From below. Ouo ar both of theve ends should bo ‘adapted to tho rocoption of a brush of an approprlato and thu chimney withtoayYorybo Swept asconstruction; often as desiod, by cervants, Title ditional tronble,

To Kstingush a Chinney on Fire ,topthrow water on theShutdre inthethdoorsgratandand windows then u p t h e betta ofthe ebinaoye up teva Anotherb Method. produce gar ‘The « handfu g g coal l ofa don ythe throwin tower stlphi of burain where r s hivsn y is 08 Boy wil imeseditaly eatin gis the dames Do Clean Furnivere, ‘Koop the paste ore ins propor ean or Jar that there may two bo nopisses dangerof ofwoollen upsctting cloth,whonono.Usingfor it, “Have rubbing It on, the other for rubbing it dry and Polishing; also an old linen cloth to Bush with, tnd out the Blain.a pieso ‘Use ofbrushtmoothifthe aotepastecorkbe tohard,rub Always ‘Bust the table the oll orrabpasteit with in put fon} and, if it well shouldbeforebo stained, amp spongo, and then with a dry sloth. IC the tain doos thenot waydisappear, fe well forwithif rubbed a cork ‘ora brush the woodrubgrows; frost-grainod. to seratch atefal wo keop itthewilloorkbe andeuro brush free from tt dustTe fand the cut, dust putis cleanod and the Stains diet.have When been got on tho olloffor pasta, nut pot too much ata tne; sub it wol Tada Us wood. Tol, be ar quick ae possible in rubbing

MACKENZIE'S,

oar tli one ad san pli rewth ahr cig to enh Aesth Sea SENAY Mulftuetltole pte en 1afae SiediccheetiteanTowa coc tS eee ated fa ile itSiti fet sonia nw teat tae iya TSEak SUSAR NS sonnel pet eae as be len's hea re ey by ae Pasnt aly Mio Beata BRSmaeGppcnan i dag tesNS osha Incl a sane a, eae eue Sans tm ahi eae SSNS ateh Nec tea ae aeSha et tpseaaan oesrare Gao Lat ia, ary aight ay ano be exon uy radee bare plot spt Pe grr terrane eed Pratpetetoeheme rt receipe torch eiaa Sota eatin Renta tal Ge roca ea ne iya a Whe pode ae on thee elem he era, etic re eA SEE TatTete anna oyebing TiTe Aeea Ratt ah fn O y yep a dendem ounona hl a fis ESereetch wit i b s tt sep meSer an lignite dt den Honea theseee Geese cis ma uguaitarmotenttat Savin ener een thet Ne “ drawings, or unvarNover i ‘or Slshedoi-paatiogs, when cloning’ and dusting To Clewn Kisien and Forks, Procure a sinoath board, fre from knots, or one covered with leather. If the latter, wmelt's sults ‘Sient and put it hot upon the quantity leather withof amution-auet, poco of dannel; two pieces of soft Bath brisk, and rab themthenonetake against {he other over the leather till iin cover the poveder, which until no grease. comes through wien & nifrub ie inpased over the feather, biel hiemaymay easily cal y bo known bya tho knife eepingke ping IF onlya plain board, rub the Bath briok2 oF 3 times over it; for he pt on at ones iandwill make the bladesif tooof much the knives rough serutched. Tot the board be oflovke proper Ihcight, may Bo plitie $5 {BSand sop soiwhleo that the cleaningperson the hsivan. Take 8 Koife in each hand, holing them beck to back} stand oppo the mildas

of bear the boar layuponths IEnives dat upon it and do not too hard the; byatathie mothod i wil be easto eslean two Knives tino thasfr good ‘one, nv and theywill willsnapbewhen loos Tino tobe broken, Droste clean om to twoheavy” Manyont,willor saythas thet thoy funnet Wolves a theyi ean fetMit through thea faster one by one} but ta theunuehway recone tended,only theytry wiail Sadfew sttineanot omy more ex easier but editions, good edgeon the Me koiver Ci Be eel ivesin keaping fo irae out kefa bi may edly b done hy taking e one o ‘anand, back to back when’ elanningy fare

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

Ietiog butthemwhoatouehdreving th board when expending the the Uande together sgain "lite bardbothon a thgoodedgeedgeof tand he katver; f i v e them une lish, and f s much better than shatpening them wine a hay well ofdow, mosh; ndmakelet it ays it teStoelKeptforksdamp.fow times By running theall prongs of theom into thi, tho sting isn will erred: henlesthor Save a weal to itypol: ‘Kaif, with round, ieeeof thethe dasebronge, havieg. ketsom saretily rushed from thom ag they fo ker out of tho tub. "A kaifocboard faas ofan spoiled in cleaning forks upon it, and likewise the bucks of the knives; to provent this bave a piess of or leather put on the board where the {forksold andhat backs the knives are cleaned “Always tara theof back towards the palof the hand in wipingof thethem,knives this will pre allthe danger from cutting. 1 wiping the forks corner of the cloth between the prunge, a pal move any dict or dust that may not havo beestethoroughly brushed out; and if there should silver on the Kaives handles,ferules they aust ber ibbed witha piceo of leaning.ing the blades covered ing’ wbod,28 the l frome and stains on t

To Brash Cloth ‘Have a wooden hiorsoto put tho clothes op, and the dist boardoall orcanetableto beat long enough outfor ofthemthem,to'bealsoput their whole length when Brushing them, Have two brushes, one hard briste,gho other soft; use ‘the hardest for the grout contend others ‘when epotted with dire. Pine eloth forthe coats should never be brushed as this will ake off the nap, with andtoomakehardthema brush, look bare ia ‘ittle t i m e . Be careful fs the choice of the do nothave it too and ast to hit too Burd. Ho largo, eqreful also benotpartiouar to bit the but ot break them; there: fore stall haacl-whip fs tho best to beat with, bo wot and spotted with dit leit be aquiteIt's drycoat before brushing it; then rub ont the ‘pote with the hands, taking eare not to ruople iin so doing. Tf it want do it as before ‘irooted, then put the coat beating at itr full length onand& ‘board; fet tho collar bo towards the lott hand tho brush in tho right. the buck of the collar Gest between the twoBrashshoulders next, and then the sleoves ets, observing to brash the eat the same way that the nap tho skirt of tho coat. Whengoes,both which sides leare towards prop: erly done fold them together; then brush the i: de, and last ofall the collar. To Clean a Hair Brush,

‘of cleansing or shampooing the hal Yepanning Old Tor Trays sn tethemraten-one; thoroughly enwithdy soapthe andby ‘Wiping and exposure at the fe. "Now get som [ood sopel varnish, i soni bronse pows {Ee and-cpply with mixbrushwith tothe denuded par,

1844 After which st the ten-tray in an oven, at a heat ‘of 212° or 8009, until varaish is dry. wo ‘oats will make it equal theto new. To Cleane Silver Ctean silver with hot water, followed by a aul of equal parts of spirits of ammon audia aprita oftion turpentine; and after this If necosary, pared chalk, whiting, magnetia, or rouge. yeas

MACKENZIE'S

Tleatheris toooften ov. ond the Coots sndWinchshoesff Spoiled. hen tao the hard brurh and the remaindeandr all the dusts they aust lee behing. quite dry‘notbefore blacking, or they will atmnot ‘Do put on to much biacking 3 fori i dries bere using the shining brush 457 {he{heeleather wil lool brown insiend of Bagh, If ro boot-trees, nover clean bootstrees wr mrt shooe To Pack Glas or Chine. Without thew, but take car thatthe Procure some aut straw or bay to pase them Ways kept clean and feeo from dust. Never pul tn, andy if they areto bo tent along way and are Sno shoebootswithinor shee, another,be’ and when lensing Tax heavy, the h a y or straw’ ehould b o 8 Title damp, d i c e " to sled. have. seaAle which 'Wwll prevnt thomthingssipping about. put Letundertho hands that the Talogs maycareful not get Tirgeatand' Leavin bo almaye ‘soepo off the dirt mien wel from boots og those in tho box or hamper. Lat ther bo plenty too near the Bre when Stfuton tea, 0 andpuckpackup thegleanatiles ghey which but wever ary, ae that racks the lothee or Chita is of Keep Up Sash Window Inuch consequence, tl job.that ‘hebeen expense overlonked bybe ‘This ie To performed fine one used tothe wll by means af cor, inthe simTat trifing to have'a person to-do fewbo under: est maniner, nod with sonrcly aby expense, Hoods ity tnd t h e los tiny be great, i artis of oro 3 or ‘ules im tho ses of the ry nto buch vale are packed up ion Improper manner, ‘which invert common bottler, projecting sashout Thesisteenth part of an inch, ‘Phese wil press To Clean China and Glare ‘sgnnst the window frames sung thousial groove, ‘The beet material f o r cleaning either porcelain by their elatiity mupport the sash St any or glassware ie fuller’ earth, butt aust be bonten height which may be required ‘arefully eleured from the all To Choue « Gurpet ‘which inightendanger Always aslct one tho figures of which are polleh of the Drliantstrtvco, teoall; for f this ensare thealveys m (wo webs incloser whichintersthe ‘To Clean Wine Decanters arpetiog consats, tnich paper into very sina bits, to ‘woven than in earpeta where large igurss upon fas Catto goomewith brown ease inte the decanters; then out a ‘tnplo grounds ar fopresonted qo pieces of woup very sual, and put suxne water, Starch. tail warm, into the decanter, upon the toxp and “Use two kinds of clear fm iswashing. BorTt paper: pu in also w title pearlasb, By wall work. Shirts an collars tho pearlstarch arch prefered. {ng this aboutin the decanters i wiltake of the Should be well beled and sinouth-” Tol qh of crust of the wine and give the glass a fine palish, starch putin a pleco of spermaceti as large as a Where oranddissolve 2throught os. sf gotsloth Arabicof tmlthis pint wine Teftthe todecanters stand inhavothembeena eerutehed, long time, andhavethe& Ur‘walnuts water, strain Tinall cane, with abit of sponge tied ght at one ‘ tablespoonfal to each pinto earch. Tn add fffend; the wine by putting into the When deeantorthe anydeeantors erust A very Mile corrosive tublinisto may be pat wi may bethis removed. fhe glsa to mnie i keep. t h ave been properly washed let them be thoroughly a 4of Sats Flor 7 AFied and turned down in a proper rack 0 strong lye woodcashen add enough Tf the dccanters havo wino tn thein when put pera for tho required oe shod, Put this oop03 ‘by, have some good corks always at hand to pat With a mop, and varnish afterward, ‘mill keep the wine To watar; Tell Goodif theBypebutt ends tara up Pot them into 178 Decant Wine. they aro not fre. his is eid to bo acetain Bo careful not to sbake or disturb the erust teat hen moving it abuutor drawing the cot Presereation ofiethod Eg Lknow of to tleularly Port w i n e . Never deaunt wie without A writer sayet Tha best ine strainer, with aoe fine cumbrio nit to proserve eggs i to ll the poresof the bol with Prevent tho Inerastdecanting and bitePortof wine cork doguingnot inte cleat ard, vothisa toupload exchade allestythemethod ait. Tti {coanter. dain theit Fras i s my opinion that too near; thore are generally two-thieds of a wine Preferable to any now in uso.” Boine put theta in lass of thick droge in each bottle, which ought Fime-water, tome lay ButthemthedownTine in cooks alt, ome pat80 fot to be put in; b u t i n white wine there is not thom in sa-dust, thot, ‘much sctling. Pour it out, however, slowly, and (hat they have appearance; salt has sim raite tho bottle up graduslly. ‘Tho wine ebould ita etet, whilea dried eggs sotorted rth never sn my experience goss) open feoh andavdnice(4s fagfa Ie betorobe decanted the familyin stat hurry; down therefore to dinner, always "Do notdo Hari they andertan the hinge each other when may- horobghly,boweverre against decanters the jostle egey sre preserved b y ‘suervion ing them about, as they easily break when full. hot watsyas fllows: Waters taade to boil fa "To Preserve Heats, kettle, a dotenInto eggstho arokettle,put leftintotherea colander, whioh Tats requiro grout care or they will eoon Look i s pluoged about’ tin shabby." rash them with a ‘oft csinel-bhvir i thon withdrawo vith the eggs. By thiy ‘brush this will Keep the fur stnoth. Have. tnoags a thin layer or yolk becomes congulted, Mick for euch hat to koep it in its proper shape fd arn i the Intel ara of th shall ¢ ‘pecially i€ the hat has got wet. Put the stick of coating, which oppose slgg, totheaadevapo fn'as soon as tho bt is tileen of, and when dey ‘ort ration of tho substance of the conte:in con in not if fiently tothe contact of tho ale whlch ruabes particularly hat-box, a into it put ‘tant use, ae the air and dust ebon turn bate brown, {orl tho vod ltt by the evaporation, Iethe hat is very wet, handle it's lightly as pos. A Method of Presereng Line-Juiee sible; wipo it dry with a cloth or silk bondker- ‘Tho juice, having boon exprentod Grom the frat, ‘beg then brush it with the soft brush. If the ‘aap tioks so lose, when almost dry, that it ean fot be got loose with the soft brusbes, then use the hardwithones;@ sponge but ifthedippednap instilbeoe sticks, darmp it Tittle or vinegar then brush it wicha hard brash tll dry. {Po Clean Boots and Shoes

458

‘was strained and put into quart bottle; these baving been carefully corked, wore put into a pan of cold water, which dogrees raised the boiling point, yas"At thenthat bytemperatars fe wasto kept for half en hour, and was thea allowed to

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1845 cool down to the temperatureof the wir. After for u Few Daye, without Salt and without ‘le Ueing bottled fur 8 months the Juice was a the fate of a whitich, turbid liquor, with the eetity% much of the find appear to have undergone any alteration. Some ‘afBefore, the juies, which had been examined the year and’ carefully wittsh hadbottled since wasonly stillbeenin again ‘peated aud niin, retaining muchof

that, by the appli Sse ee eve er bye a GrAvolted, other without apie torendering lime oF Stat lemon-jusn, all wore Inay i be fpontanoous altertion ‘To Presrve Mit Provide both raw “rhichth mustmilk befronperfectly the cowclean, weet and dry. te botties, and, as they are filed, iminediately ‘hom wellor wire,up ‘Then and fasten. corksstraw ith pack-thrend spread thoa ite on is bottom of bei, on which place the butlos ithtufloent tea between quantity. them,Wil uot i up thewithellercold comtains mater, Iheat the wer, and as soon a 3 bogioe bull draw col, When thoquitefre,eatdand takelot thowut wilo.gratualy the bottles, and pack them with ers sawcdoetpart fmaf hasapers, tow them fn the orcoolest the howso "andor hip. Mile preserved. in this manner, slhough 48 tmonths inthe bates, will boas swest as when fist milked froin the %e Preseree Cabloges and other Bsctlent Vegete‘Fresh during a Sea Voyage or a Seeere Winer Cut the eabhage a0 a8 to leave about 2 inches or tore of the isin attache toi; after which Scoop about or thebruisedepththeof rind1 ach,by faking outoncethonot.ithto towound the operation. ‘Suspend the cabbage by means of ‘ort roundthe the pithstom, that postion oF it fromted which is takenthatremnans upper: ‘oat, which rogilaly ll every morning with fresh rater. brocall ‘Dy thi ote,siple cabbazes, enull Hower, hay bemetiod prevecved fresh during. f iong voyage or ina severe winter, for domestis Fish-Howse (State of Schull) Puch. One-third pt. of lemon-juice, 2 Ib. white sugar, 4‘Samalea ple poschrum,Ursndy, Drandy,of ice, 2p no water,4 pintbut copaias a large lump old: ‘ized,water, after which « brash with w large head, and flong handle, to rows the selling af the root, it ‘sed to spread it thinly on tho walls, ete. When fy beautifully white, but to {trsubstitute koown cheap. nent ihastis induced the plasterers a mix tare of‘optlent give sizecustomers; and whiting for the houses and this, whew onceof the ‘tho employwent of whiting, limewashingbu ret Taid on i is anofthe admirable mannerund ofwholrendering the dvllings poor clean

Jssubstance clea tueaddedand t e r . " Any animal or Yogotable Eiministes theBu adhesion andis drabiityof th washthe ‘Second. ithe wall bard and smooth, vwaths improved byaandmistars of applied very fine sand— [Etuch at wil sig can bo ‘Third, For £18ioside walls an addition of thea itla giaeiny pale “incre Aes at i deed to hav the walt ery white othe gltho whitesof egge oeaay bo usedin the m place ‘To Present the Sucking of « Lanp. Soak youthe wick in stone vinogne and ry two before u e ity He will Them buen oth forsweettho find ploseant an give snuch stitution {city trouble in preparing Enry Method of Preerng Mest sn the Country

‘Realytind Mote Mending Oracks inbu Stover, Tron ofOseus, on Practted GormenyePipe, ‘When theeras is stoke discovered na stove, though which fre or tho aperture thay be completly closepenetrates, in moment with © oupoition consistingof wood-ashesusd common fattyimado' over up intothe paste with Thea Litgood water and Hlastered oracky effet Equally certain, whether the stove, 10, bo cold oF ite

6,0 maePOTICHOMANTA; Gln Jars ta tite Chin Ator p a i n t i n g the gute,parouremal, them onythenso take that none ofthe while ef the tote thika gum Arable water; pas ioft over alt figures, plac thom on th aside the glass tates them ot them sand wetto dyth for 30 bose then slean well witha bats thethe prin {indlet them stind a fow hours lengeriea watewat ‘Mould move nny ofthe eign then take white fan duke white groumd very brash Srey tntgo ovetel llthethe {egethor; with Japanning above waters the prints} dane nglaneinthis anner they Srlfle hold or boil ttn Jelly,fayanditomix in i thyp ith whiteaero lead, grad fine and sine ane neta ei fake-white. Fors banbugground, dotne} withfr Mite war ani Prossnn growed Tedh wat"and anerdigiss verminfor of9 chocolate sardine clo for geewa waz nd burnt umber "To make Grindstone withont Monte washed, ‘Takeover san 3 p a r t s of tele, 1{nepartsinase NixTato them over Sto aya hlhavinfort the shape of grindstone, ‘quaro hile inheatthe thecentres fait on am aateand wiby Tiqueel Iny stone motors, {ulning the'asis shanie, may"Polishing easily be genstanes forme into aream xact circular ‘ul only oftn shtho proportion sand as wil of?pao partseasly through Fine muslin sandHeeto atin, This apt ef at aginaule oupoced ofwithsmallirony anger eryataine purses tinged re Spare te Vf tat mage nelle nd. "Tho sno-caters, instead of nd fetesthe ponder fa very hard granite cate erune ginistones ct very ft. When they ta, mask {cinerea ther power they throw vad apes ‘or lt thew occasionally touch tho ego of av

MACKENZIE'S. To wake Kitchen Vegetables Tender. When tospens,woually Frenoh bebeans, eta,to dothe notcoolnesboil n imputed razon, orto the rsine, This popular no of boiling.iabibed thom ‘oft arises from an"Theexces diticulty of gypsum Guring their growth, To correct this, throw a ‘mall quantity of earbonate of soda into the pot alone with the vegetab To Prevent Haystacks from Taking Fire, ‘When there any rensoa to fear that the hay ‘which is intended to bo housed or stacked i not Suficiently lta feweachhandfuls bo seattereddry,Detweon layer. of Thicommon sorbing tho humidity of the hay, not ‘ents on oftheit, fermentation, but adds a tasteand oonsequent tot, whieh the appelites of eatle and preserves thom fom ‘many diseases, To Prune a Poyg pho Irae for Weng

Tn hie inare juined to eachother by lips of wood necessiry, {sting upon tedravring pivoty one ofotherthessto follow pens cannot ove without the altheyta Tnovemente: the rules are Tnflexile, and. preserve thie postions parallels ofwhisk [iron ly inaluoithg them. ‘Thethe movemonts oneof meas ho frececondare the exact counterpart of those whish the tsasoformed it orthorather ono tzeif sboretak tho eratch, Paper andoF torte toward the In-bottle the other faittul {o‘Gvance the ‘movements which arewhichtrnsmited to ie by {Ge‘Stes apories of ight wood direst iether be oscasion sorasbes to orgivedowsany inky and that withoutto inving peroula attention ithe copy i made of il and withoutiever inking of expensive;it i usd withpoy graphadisnot ‘Thoaitouty, cout almost with the samo falta Snordimary writing. The ounstraction fas aiscol ected Dooes as tbe tis convetienty ait the parts a r e taken to pikes,of teandtaking pat up 2 fully.” I t e sve ate besccurding postin,to horieental,perpendtouts, oF oblique, t h e applionion which sade ofto bo nd Whe ploce of Rirature to which it in bo Bxed ton drawer, fnSSlaptedy nkstand,fortam mayeasel, or simply lai upontes,the hie; els ufgenoealy drawer, fd caso the foraaccompanied and bull of bya0 a ordinary

Castor Oit as « Dressingfor Leather. Castor beds ing a exellent dres ing for leathot renders it vermin-proofy it shoal boOh. mizedy half and bal,Sorwith othertallowvermin or other "Neitherfay rate, roscbes, Will attack leather so prepared for a Corkscrew, ‘Subsite 459 A-convenient substitute when fied brick. ‘Tho seme composition is formed upon th latter is not at hand, moyfor bea corkscrew, found in the sticks for euting stones, sells, ete, by the band. Sta common torew, with an attached string to palluse the“Another cork Stick two forks vertially into tho Ta make Wax Candler Place a dozen wioks on an iron ciree, at equal ork on opposite tk Taot too near the edge. iatances, over wax; a largeyourcopper vessel oftinned and on the binde of a knife through fe to, and fail of snelted 4 ladlefull the wax a bi Fill the hollow at the bottom of the fon the tops of the wicks, one after anther what five ‘Anether: vessel, the into drop will take not oes wick {ho or towel; grasp the handkerchief withone@ hand, ‘which inst be kept warm by a pan of coals; con: bottle Gnaly and steadily strike and with heck Tinu this proeess candles ofaro a. aspyfamidal large a8 trith the other upon the handkerchief . oquireds "If theytil nro.the wanted To send Messages in Cypher. fori, Tot the fst thresladlesful bo podted on at fourth at the height of the wick, the of top the tres-quarters the BfLh at half, and the sixth at renters down hot, and ide each thenuthertake in then feather-bed foldedInyin them two §tliableto be decyphered.fom: ‘The correspondents to preserve thelr warmth and keep the wax soft elect two cop roll thom one by on trord to be used is designated by Sgures re fhe and down them tfonhen a tale emouth table, and cut off tho thick end as {othe pago lin, and number ofthe word i the Foquirel. ing} or the message may be written on wali of

THE

SURVIVOR Vol.

4

of wood; theso aroundby arod paper‘onlywoundbe spirally bringing them decyphered around 8 by. wrapping heir [Har Srataraerie sang size.” rod of fhepasion, fecond orginal seo Tnx.) ‘os, Bapection of Life any Age fom Bie Sty Every man, woman, and chil@ has a property Mfrin this property? “WantMWetho value tite am etremaly ‘hae thisofetblsel Chores yalue—this* exprecsing for rule Say of kifo™ at any age frm ® to 60, TisBxyeoion plats or (Si), twochirde of to ogual i olf xpectaion The and. that80, party the of age the botmeen Aiiference old betwovn of 60 now 6020yoarayyearstwo-thirds ie aro Thon fuenya80 man thero Ugo ofa of his wilexpectation this otheno sitsG0 yc andSane’ F540 hare Har of life nearly 1 ponte nore, By the txpectason of (0Tiebis ona8 has hn laBeerycdone canof 5 apply Sate rule the yearn, tay be aslastesily hypothosis Mr. atWilieh's 2pen cone Do Moivreobsoleteinthe ‘rom that by become amomberel tary, which bas now mortality tables. ‘The theTo. {restr acouracy of the ver fults obtained. by tho nowDr. luFars’scorn ondeh ioe with thore from tlosely constructed with groat care fro in ‘Table,

1846

illmaver mae to andcomplain of them cll (at ab requent washing tubbiog thorough {ry witpurpose.linen oth or Bean, uf forthe sata ‘A Natural Denifrie, ‘The common strawberry ispreparation, natural denttic, send its juice, without any disslves {he tardarods Inorustatione on tho teeth aad takes tho breath sect and ngresable,

Fine Clay at Dring for Soe Dr. Sebraber, heii, resommends the wae ofthe caymoatasthespl,soakofautho “energie, te mont ionoen uot ecouomeal of pal” i ie to ertnces yielding fot sod erectionsmmaray ens cat in atelerating Intoma care tag toned eriedowa ladin waters and feed nye ofbyaboate eyes ine oer TE Stucted prt tothe thicksos dey sndsurfcn: fal of 'heeh irnlating Inyors ar seus applied 1Gfbecowe the cleanatd sorb, by th clay and the contact, ial

MACKENZIE'S slowly but surely; it docs not confine the patient fo any partioular diet,so one lives soberly, and sbsaing thos mea peraleious and guiin theChal gouthas ‘ways beenom accounted , as Sleeps dee tigi narer ee ‘Ta rhoursati¢m which ie nut habitus, « few of ion, the Tmay powderdo, but must if be taken us for

Pradiers Cataplavn. Peadlngsrmey fr thepro gt wasputtin porahaad by tnaTako Einperos Napoleon, bono for 2006, of or. Daten saseaparlia, ef Movin, 6 dey relcagebutkyoss1 on08 fallon, 1 on lied spirit of wine,Ibs: Dicsolve paral

the balla of Mecoa in of the spirit ‘erate the rest of the for 48 hours; filter,

of

bo'shaken in ordet to mix the precipitate settled at the bottom by standing. Mode of Application. ‘The following the modo of applying the remedy: A poultice must bo prepared of linseed of gootl consistency falledor a the day. Te remains 4 long time tup- ‘eal, which very hotiustof bothe thiokness of @ fuger onan le, and tho piocos which falloff in uo powder Spread ‘napki, par the produce no ineonvenience, tense ass of returns. feted; if#0 ita8 becompletely required toforsurruand both Togs,tho foun Grafting War. Ligure ia feet tothe Knees, it will ake about 3 qts of lin ColdBxereve. Drinking of Bese the Prevent To of part 1 by beeswax, Heated of of rosin, in I part Five parte 461 tin cup, oF any Warm Wether or when skillet, "Meltthetheseskillet tallow. ced meal, When the poultice i aboutprepared, endof being preferable, ax it cum a hot as the patient can bear iy 2 ee keeps warm longer Vetter, andrer thethe wax theUs he preparedof theliquor must be poured equally over Are, and mix together face ofeachthonwithout Hs being precautions have Tf these incident well, When the fow scionsas are set—say as hemanymieas ireter drinking. before the part afested ie to be wrapped ed, deine to disorder tho and neglest Bean 20 or 80, oF asapply Itwarm and Dourheat.”d up Thewith Bannel andfe generally bandages iu ing cold. water oF eating ice when the body is Ue preserve ready and ture the poultice paddle. Seo that every partisreguites covered,no bandage. IReated, has boon produced the first and In mostle ‘hinged every 24 hours sometime st ths end of ir completoly excluded: Ttdifferent the only remedy to be administered twa to Inatanees oF water, wax io bo bestproportions and apieits in Weave made the find laudanum of drops 60 Licbig's Soup for Invade, adapted to wracin drink of any Kind these to above, but Thewe object the beet oF fowl, chop i to be attained isto have “Ir this. should fail of giving relief, the same fine,‘Takend } 1}1. ibs.of newly-kiliod the purpose. of dill ate, with of& drops crack not will t i that consistency afterwards. euch af tinuies wax 20 the may be given muriale net and 3410 67 grain commonof be obtained, ram and urd and April nor run ia avantity eanaot March of winds laudanam cold ‘When ‘he and stir woll together. After an hour the the bot suns of guinmer. brandy and water, or oven wearin water {aie watery should ‘rice bo thrown.on given. be lone, 460 The Guidis toallowed to flowa conical through hairsteve, without’ nd any g. Dram-arivkin of Efete the Remedy ‘To pressure. "The frst thick. portions which. past To Prepare a cheap Hortut Sicewe. to abandon spi Through are tobe returned t0 the siove, until the ‘Whoever makes the attempt All the rmaller plants should be expanded under arial tue, a raukling to time from ‘Sad, Suit Pando quit lar. Halt ah of tied water, in plate, upon. a piogo of writing: pape coldsinking, of sensation & with stomach, the in ‘water Is tobe poured inthen smallsiver‘Thorowill portions ata timebe abyon Tun fo the Yottom. To this state they will aasuime ness and inoxpressible auxiety. This may be t Gio their natural form and position. ‘The paper, with Tieved by taking offen 1 cupful of un infusion of tainedteshi seiduo way about 1 Ib of uid (ould extract, withdraw from the ‘loves made by steeping about an oz. of them ia of flesh), this be must it, upon plant ‘he of a nd having a pleasaat ‘ater gently and the plant and paper afterwards § pint of boiling water for 6 hours, and thon strain- rato of soup. tedThe color, invalid is allowed Te temusttakenotit blotting. of sheets threo or two betwixt placed to a tal sold, scupful at a tio,at pleasure, of tho liquor, or from a tonspoontul book of dat board. Tt ing jonful a with pressed and Japer of atsionia, Ia te tated, a it becomes muddy by beat, and d elixr of Yalerisnate of perminent 1f'fhen to be laid up in a quize of bloting- pape doblity, 1k ox. posite thie coagalum of albumen and coloring and e Ianguor t a of t tinder preature, for a day or two, when, ff dry, 1 oF the cascurilla bark (being also frat bruised matter of blvod. In soup propared ia the usu nay be placed permanently upon writiag-paper mortar), should be addeil fo the infusion. Thia by boling, ali necessary thore constitventa of Beah areof above. specified 3 tray quantity the in tukon To make Artifial Red Coral Branches, for the fixture ‘wanting which ate forthe formation times a day will be found a useful strengibence Blood albumen; and tho. yolk of ogg, which is "Babelliehment of Grottoes. have bee ‘tdled, is poor in those wubttances, Or sonal the stomach aud bowels whenand they pan; ver-to of‘isoedered brassfinest itdr, in ofa the rofosinwhich , dissolve clear ‘Take iutosieution. exeots frequent by fall B2) per cent. of wat ‘and fat, and only 175 ‘orery ounce‘wien stirred addwell 2 together, choose the The Porttend Powder. or veryequalsimilar itis in ite led and dried, then take root, Urthwort or rotunda,gorwander, topsand ‘Take ofroot,aristolochia branches all over whilatt gentian the leaves, and tope pencil andition paiut is warm; aflrwards shape them feaves, ground pine, tops and leaves, centaury, of Heaof coloring tho new apmat ercon:of This don, Hold the tops aad leaves. ‘Take of all thete, well dried, teins a certain‘nibumen guanity moo por dered a gentle coal fie, tl all is mann Urunohes over thea mix weight; equal Boe, sifted and ani ironwith forthe tx much largsr of quality of tho Tn tho same. this nixed pow. ood, fod together, and take 1dr. of exp necestary formation the blvod-cr‘white even coral asmayif bepolithed, prepared with whitelead, und frell and wine of ina fasting, everybroth,morning, anda great aly, cstacithee Cote toe of soup Visck coral, with lampblack.” A grotto may bo dor Vehicle you Tikehis Pussies, or tet, ‘water, glass, claders, peb- Dest; keep fasting Hf anyhoursother t Poston, eontinse i; after baile, with little expento, of shells, foeters is lnbity to change Hgta warm stones, monthe without interruption, then diminish% fh'sumer of largepiecesMint,of chalky moss, Dies pieces eoral, 1 Ine fren Sag al Bound ot ford tien to wer longer, counterfeit mouths 3 for dr. # to dose the inoro, taking it rogulaely every ith yeast, but without angering » bad odor Cemented together with the above described {for months be ths ivaubstance bic wellgivesworbyio ofto ‘Morning if possi nfter tho Brat year ie will bo Wat’iaay Gold Feet at Night, fermentation question doperhaps take This every other tiicient to take ddr.ingens, being investigated, be Themace extrawictth ionvery ofcoldthe water, Boh i will ‘ust consequent Shi, in withioe a cool plaoe ator, thisaod aiicully. extoral ‘can bo birne for $ or 10 minutes. ‘This will erosive must utnotfrstbe diveburaged, Soin completelye d removes any great amendsient: Giture a plensurable glow, and those who do 90 ou

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Bat the mostmeatimportant point tokilled, bo attended to-omploy quite recently and not to is feral days old. ‘The soup las been successfully ‘employed of children,in low fevers und the summmer.complaint Liebige Soup for Chitdren. ‘With that remarkable estimation of the greateau of emulhighthingsUotellectual which is qualies, the most valuable ‘is many and with of tender Huron appreciation the importantes of smallin people, Lichig: ofdevotes a special artile ‘OF hn aBoglish nev dietseiontife which parodioal ho conceivesto tothebe description the most Suing sabsttotsforebonataral nutrient dren robbed of their mother's mle Te ‘hil

Eton themilecow'sof'amile healthy: dons notwomao, adequately feot tho anu Liebig when ‘whealen dour i added, a0 it commonly Points forout tha, although that sarah be‘bot war Stung nourishment of Satan, thdigestion change atinpoees it lato anthesugar‘nneaosary inthe stomach daring laborit onSf thethe wateh. organi bo ony which vill be spared shaagod Tato th soluble frus of sugar aad dex: ‘This he quantity ofeste ofby adding to mieaten the wheaten eonaia alt, a four fal‘he supplion one soma t e fal than woman's thisaborly when prepare preparing tho soup, ‘Tai soup may bo as follows: ‘"fhtf a oz of wheaten four atl an eqoal gun” tity'of male our 74 gre of bicarbonate of potash tnd loti of arwaterthen aretbe to be ghd wall mixed; Soneloof Sons ted be ut on a iffgente Siro; when tho miature begin to Taken removedand from the fearedlt bocoes dusing ‘nites, heated arzedagein Guid, ofthe nod tally maila eweto boilitis ready "After forthe verveparaeiy tio bran by boiling tf“The fowimmediate minutes indvcement it loner al taste of the four forackSarva Lichig making thin up arose fui the thathy ‘itsone mother, of his grandehildren could sot be suckled and that another required, besides bi nother’ milk, « excelloat more concentrated fei, he Soup ‘proved in food the shildven tsoup hre withon it.ton ‘Baron Libig ha himeel vad hie ae a breskst, and a toct thor. ‘cughly bee The149"tempera: tare Betorenutritious boling meal shouldit mat not exceed Fan

To Write for the Use of the Blind. Tat an iron pea be used, the point of which ie ot aplit, Blind persons writing without ak, end presaing will produee sharacfora in elie, which they can Smomediately reed by [passing Ringers sideover of thethe projesting. {ers on thetheleopposite paper, in thecharac: con (ary direation. Ou the Honing and Stropping of a Razor. Let the hove be seldom and but sparingly zesorted to, and never, unless by frequent and peated steopping the edgo of tho razor is eutirely Aestroyed ; use the best pale oil and bo careful

1847

MACKENZIE'S

hie tng ‘fn power, will adsirably supp the place of tho best composition ever wed fee theing purpove, rubbing imode is by exellent t well ofwithsenor.pow. razor.stroAnother p ter, and impregaat pariles, ing th leather with the daast molalie

pt a atck in about 1 foot above to a thestrongwater;plecocutaof stick the of top the Eiigac pecicthread round a biickcbato oa Intge sono; [ete string, afterlonger; havingtothe other Ged it roundnd thefasten stne, byeSollabout a foot een baled orath pionhorvarbean;of alk’ Lights sheep's paumeb, thennearlyabout Paste for Sharpening Razors, 5'or din. from tho brsk-bat fasten stick ‘Take oxide of tin levigated, vulgarly termed fs big a your lite Sager and about 4 in, tolong,es propred pay 1 o x ; altated solution of exalio {ying th string With a single kat exactly cid, a suflcfont quantityto forma paste, This Sentfo of tho stor; thon place that part of the composition is to. bo rubbed over the strop, and String whish is bstween fo brick-bat and. the may be added. ‘The’ oxe- Short sia into the notch at the top of tho lou Ianton dey a littl frewatorattachment alto which tick fe stack inprevent the Dotiomlof the pout. fatto withie (powder gives a nofor irony edge to th Stick ‘The short wil the weight oftheth Trisk-bat from drawing the string Craugh 462 otah, and and the hoc wilbat bang afew fachestiom theia water the Briok hang Paling atthe Hatter. f a s t hy the nett tbatted op of the stick. "When tho waterfowl takes Many remedies have been propaeed for curing Ihe {isat andthe hookTerhe polls tho bricks thie bat hit, at a siaple nud effective ono i te ‘plls thebisickundernod wator Aiseard the eomnon baler and get a broad, strong end leather strap to buckle around the neck for afew finches ‘ue wilbelow soon thogive cart.ip A hors thay pul a Ausintance to « Person in Danger of Drowning ‘fo Bxcape from or Go into @ Howse on Fire If the spectator is unable to swim, canto make thoHis sufrorands andhear,rashe under ought water to iretuotandhunasseane beef Creep or cra with your fase-neas tho ground, although the room be full of rnok to fue. othe tea, te fiom tardy hn a fn ge nen th oor hea pr dy to some foe, pols, oror anyom thing Urentbed thatbe may with safety. ‘ T h o help fo bring bestbut expe fom upper Hin athoro; board; will eagerly eeee windows ia hp rope i leap ae Shaver i s passd within it retch; thes te wnayy Yoidabl, thon bed should be thrown out fst, of be dostableobjest Fesoued from hs appears procs altainable situation by Tous be place hy thote outa forthe purpose, Duthaps, But this {To Bring Horses out of a Stable on Fire the proper uso ofa mane bat and pocket hundkee ‘Throw theaesustomed, haraces or over saddles tobuckswhichofthethey horace moy bie, why boing all tho apparatus necewary, thave been the tobe weedor deck, thus: aulSpread the handkorchiet on th {nthis predonment, and they wil como eat of the ‘ound; places hat wth te bia Fabio as trastably aa una Towawards,on the iddleof i t ; then othe and kerebetrodnd th est ba, likeof theUurde keoping the Hove‘Goodto knoe whether a Horse has @ Strong ant Tots as near the se andposite bep Eye,or a Weak Eye, and likely to go Blin, Now, by asain the knot a onoerow band, generallyhis turn horas ead to bright ing the opening uf the tat upwards, persea lightPeopleto ofamine eyes, sortYouofancon epee knew horse vecy without Rnowing bow to ewiny nay fatlesly ide by this method wht plungeintothevator, with wbatevor nay bo meee. hha, unless ib a very defeat one.” Nou must Tay to save tho life of fellow xentuy. exaimine tho eyo frst, when the hore stands with ‘than it Win as in the darker ligbt,? en you may be sure the To Eatinate the Didance rong, good eye, Dut, provided the 5 nearly of the same zo ae it ap Sound travels atthe rate ofof 1120a Phunter-cloud. fst per eecond. eared in the darker light, the horse bas a weak Count the number of seconds between theDy fab {¥e, therefore have nothingto do with him, There and the thunder, and. muitiply by 1120. tals ‘fe contracti and_ dilating muvclee the eye, in ng tans he dace of ttn br la of fsa ‘which will plainly what one,stato the ey Inay aso bo estimated. ‘The pulse of ‘eal 45, whether it bo & show sleong youor ain weal {duit beats bout 10 ties innate, 7 Hose o Catch Wood- pigeons. To Ewape the Efecte of Lighaing. Wood-pigeons aro very caught in hard ‘When pertons happen to be overtaken by senther, particularly when easily snow is torn although they may ot be tered You have but to sweep the snow onon onethe ground. side for Ly"thunder the lightning, yob they’ suturally wich for bout a dozen yar

seeking pro> tcotion, then, by retiring wnder adtheof shelter uf

THE SURVIVOR

Vol. 463

4

1848 MACKENZIE'S remain in the ainorphous or glue-like condition, prewsure; the toes sce pointed up without eon. Teis well known that many boiles have a ten aint, wna oa the anise fino with the knees for if

‘Wien in-a house, avoid sitting or standing near the window, deor, oF walls, a. Ouinderstoria, The nearer persom Is duriog Uo the middle of © tag it shenor uttan contacted af aul nem ovat the better or pochmontwoe pyria (hugetye 42 stla fonted. Means of Restor Persons oho have been Sine Grinotd Pawished, through into the sotronting Uyak wlle"Gis Ta our attompts to recover thora who have suf eo wil onan "tao a atoy aust fccuinspeetion ore under the calamities of famine, geest ci ‘aus t ecdany titra, fr lp wenbenne Ws is requiced. Warmth, eortials, aud Watce-pronf buts of w moto complex nature. {ood are the mean to bo employed of Professor Graham consists of a : bat itifa thelr ori aap‘Tho ofdialyzor wood Moving Ms oom madoat pore gor thst these say prove too powerful operation, if not aiuistered with caution end dmenpayer Wreseeyin ac, anordiney tne julgment. For the body, by Long fasting, ie ro urine hie is ote on thinpdaracea stg ine ues to & state of more that intantita debility; fn tho misturo i pouet Atera ‘tho winuter vessels of the given am evaporation tesrytals at and of th othee hole farlnwabes ‘organs, collapse for want ofbrain, we the esti egy for fod iatanes, to distend thera} the stotoneh nd Intestines shrinks in their capa feunin within dhlgeere city and tho Beart languidly vibrates, havi, ‘taong tho esete af ianetigaton wit (sand, scareelysuflcient enor’ to propel the asaaty esr paratus have been tho diseovery af lice hivaprent of blood. Uniler euch circumstances @ pro- Flckerysal) ina slate fom (gage A) ahd the. ofstomach rtisline str potions of remany anganiasthrs matswil wnestentia sensuré, separator nd ‘ay ention bo effected,heat bysceneplacing dent tho ici on each side, 8 Healthy ian in contact “Pelle Stood ite sent siete Jour Ivis, or forentation ofthewithfet,thosaypatent, loafers also bo used swith avant Plain proces tanto anprooued ‘The temporature of these should be lower than at A,ingsA Whtelr for btenng the fargo sunt that of the buwsan body, and gradually increased flout otter wes eknte nt bri of sedng secording the lfects of their etintlus, andoeich 2 say tare aeay. Hee nll, weak to broth, or water-gruel, ought to Nowbe Seat cop gal ot ne i employed, both for tho one ad tho other; as ta aac tic Maes patadand mage nourishuseat may bo conveyed into the systent this passages,tent properly pervious Sins fa Rage eC aster sacubeet ana tes n.a way, Mato byof farting, too lngthe most protracted. thew in water; the salt passes through, and the Ieappeas safer € advise tho admraisteaton of allumigous aud extractive matters retuti, conliats in very small doses, and a est, ‘Sly diltod with either wine or epiritay considorbut slau To Bresken Salt eu that of rae der wino whey wil very well answer this prpoes, Anotesapplation ofjusey,leistender ant digests fod afford, atthe sate ti, an easy and plescant dering salt teat more Dourishivent. When the stomach hme boon 2 ila ‘be meat is placed 12" a bag of untauned Strongthiened, an eg may be mixed with the whey, ble. Urine funor sertay. lel mith sea'nate nalyplasty che aki, ‘or‘Thaalininistorel under emo other agresable fort, ‘Tit tinea yolle uf ane was, to Coruaro, sfiiont for 6 days when tho bring having fost i salt by ameal} ad the narrative of thst noble Venotian, ral Sina bums educedin sngbeen tocontracted chat ef fnnly.whotstwo aounces fever war excited by the addition ef sciswater. ‘Tho beef, which fad of food to his daily allowance, chet up i esl tstne totale of hows, that tho return to a full diet should be GP}3 alcacan ately Sad to ahorbs pare Inof thistho conducted with great caution, and by very slow juice iawhichtho it bagy bud given out te brive. ‘gration ayn ue ae sutanl yey ao tein Wetek Rabbit. ene ten te may d p s PURO M E capt” Megha Cut your eheeso into emall slips, i ott; if hard, {grate itdown. Havo ready aspirivof-ine amp, ‘Thoroughly ated mest withoat tone gradually fey and deep block-tin dish; put in the choose takes up nearly def its woightof juices from the wnteyhaclielanh ee then eee "Getecdaos itine arith « Top of butter, and sect over tho lat Havo ready the yolk of an ogg whipped, with balt aay be a glacseheoso. of Madeira, Bose; elit Saunt fora meat Your when and melted,as much till itao ts or thoroughly Jaixed. with tho butter, thea add. gradually. tha fg and wine, keep stiring tll it forms a sanoste tucs, Seovonwithwitha this Cayenne and grated mutineg ‘Tobe eaten hot tons, Fesprompen Chafing Dish. TLoften happens that in travelling, tho mate= tfae ials inthe for arabbitmay baa when camthereeat. is nothing housethe bogourmand Tn thie 464 tte if thero is no blacer, or cbating dish am ox‘allt cubstitute is formed in a moment’ by two plates, oorkseparated cach zimother of thoby pisses fof‘Soupa bottle placed fromon tho Tower ‘ong, which should contain any kind of apiite. Pat your cheeso Sato the tip oie, fw the spits ithe dip of paper; and sat our rabbit of the orks.; eanswers as woll a tho most expensive Iheater in Christendoun, DIALYSIS Is the term applisdby Profersns Graham to pro ‘esh devised ofby their bin tendoney for separating by taking tart af the iog, hanging vertically fora the ‘advantage to formbodiescrystals or to Tower Kneos, tales tho horse, but withant tho slightest

efcrakeEngrs Gere teeth codder toar fadesponaed weecujesucene whos wna sh ote, tbatsi fheog" ll tas eatseeotepushfnehthe edbetios them ith tho fon Beshee sone hal sahenrsoprarctee eestenegs this a accomplished hp replaces the foot pooporly stir up, and the hoel will thea be seven in the Gliese ale te entat the Insaco, get tide a sorvest havin to oot sgh eae thetowyed lower raie gffre guns napeceuelandat umeahes the equare tay aoeonthe ing Bu ack of the tides sates the, teat eon ofbendte ouleg WeWitan’the knoe begadatecarieste fomer at oleh are the thigh and Kaeo s0 aa to brig the crotch the hscur covering telowersd,ae theof thigh square 156 a tes mie egeacetteat hshe atc utoes i tui dor i mucho te spd toin wellthe under vasaMin.of theMe oneal Usthe Tnuecke consists seat that rider the, Ha ha the Reman of the consis ia {hnHae hkty theeheerpets grcpa the bosepen thewith add Bis as coals Safer wth the movements of te Yay, Sad shld coe the of thaie honeore” ileie ahead Bnaa ener lowing hit t'placo thin in the atireyps for thi i %¢of the most eevential conditions for a good scat, Donghente

abeitovoeach”dep dich if poundof oe cone tho i hae Mako Mou of thet and pour ia a. wineglasful of tho best brewer's yeuat; Takowara imix the flour gradually into ity sel and i cover watery Wow Reing two ach. thaeane or ovat re the hy Smo, ol up 6 ve of butter into the othordish of Howe and ub eno with ote Babes a0 2 of powdered sugar, a teaspoonful of powdered lof roe inion a grted autmogstablespeon Water andand stef hint 3 og ‘Then, very light, thom afhardik,ito theasemixture, he thgree spongy tbsing preytbe gyal theron li fh er c hy thedourfreJourfor eS heat, Cater “Waun i faaadquitesat Iig, anoter paste-board, tarn out theor oun lump ofshapedoug, and eatTE ees. Unmend hak eatin unanagal sul agoilsvebu ready youWenafind theile dough a iyalleabd Rowe wore sibling lary put the dovyh aula It try hem brows. Craters One and a alt ths. 5 eggs # of Th, of sugar, 6 oof butter,of 1 Bows, teaspoonful ‘aon and motineg mixed, 1 wineglassfal ofof cinas water, 1 tablespoon uf ealoratas, Rub theosebut ter, and four together, ad tbe apie, 10 wales,sigar, and aaleratus, Meat the eggs very light, ibis all nto s dough, knond it well, end roll R iba iach thick. “Cat it into slfps, twit them

Horo to Keep Fresh Fish

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Draw the fish and remove the gills, then insert 1 pieca of charcoal in their mouths, and two ot three pieoes in their bellies If they are to be conveyed any distance, each fishFish separately in paper and place theta wrap in Dox.” thas proserved will keop freah for several days, Fo Varnish Articles of Iron and Stee. Dissolve 10 parts clear grains of maatio,§ camphor, 15 gr. saudarac, and 8 parts cewi, ia 1Waraish sullsientwithout quantity thie heat. of Thealcohol, artilesandwilapply not only bo proserved frou rust, but the varnish wil ro. jn its teanspurency, and the metalic brilianey ‘of the attiles will not be ipaited, To Keep Water Pure in Iron Kettler Keep an oystershellin the bottom of the ket, thie wiliprevent the iron from rusting aud keep the water clour. To Wash Flannele Wash first in warm somp-suds and rinse the fn waria water, having the water neither too bo nor 0 cold,

1849

tures. ‘The polishing varmish stiowld not bo appiled until the carefully nextday, outKeeping thedust pictus in Thetor menntio ot tho hela yernh shouldbo pot on slig\tly ae poetible, TEdark-co lored ofngs objests aro to boleh ormatoonloathe to, such as bindi book uelan bags, do, the pioluve mut fet be covesed with a aittire andand tarpeatng, following thesisof whitetho lead dig covering uty. e n this conti perfectl y d e y , proooedne cording 40 tho above instruct i printon ate sll, pathoper, pees or materials that exanot b{over oar ‘To aching proosed aa follows the potureen with slight coat of xticly Jing varniah and lot it day for an hour of tosthe then pass a sponge, lightly damped, orer ‘holecompositi wurfac onofthe pape, in order to tle aay the teen im the blank party ad which often which cleans the material ‘When the paper is dry, ro-varnith the potas, snd Itavoiding om to theto material by neous of & papertransfor eter, ouploy the fee ofeth SrAightiy anything damp; the, withtho paper paintbru sh steeped i water, wot Tightly, n " nd leave itn fall quarter of su hour on the sbjest itor rowoving it Pharaoh's Serpent's Bag ‘To removes spoied print, rubit with soft rag ‘These are iti cones of eulpbonyanide of mo lnbitod intorpent ing, cary wbe, ellwish-browa when ghd, Body give forth longo ‘Ourthie reales ils chont once appresiato the morte ent Hike of inventian Tlity ith whl 1 ean Peprepur nitrate of mereuryacid by esdissolving red Be opted also ia nusiorousapplisati ons, itis as long in strongalso nitrorulphooyanide of nnmoprecipitate Prepareone votome of Vaulphide of eurup.” Uiker Comstic for tle Complexion, nium fourby mixing Mis glyeorino with water, together with a small and four qaauily ealation ofIstoammonia, bony of alcobol, nd Cologne, or other per of "alobol.of etong ‘bin mixture be. froqbently fuuo, and you lavo'a preparation eloscly rescab. there baslu- Hing the celobratod about 2 hour coure of forming halen.will Taavthe dissolved, mail de Pavin, ‘This: peedeep a hHon.it Boil thie until the red color disappears and pparation is said to iapact eof white, and cle 52" sn of tho testes abd olor of polished elon. until‘The ivory, anil fo remove all discolorations, ight yellow ofst a abeut beoomes the tolutin blask nora Jn'to bo eraporated 80° Pal. speck’, and roughness of the tin, and stots hoyantda lp the itl by It A ryatalizaa, ‘out the marks uf siwal-pox. {othe volation. the‘Tho supornatent eulphucyante of Iereury moreury wil presipitates Liquid Cheap Outside Pain cones into i n a d e mass the and of, poured be fny ‘Take 2 parts in bull) of wator-Himo ground fine, hott aif am nok fa eight. ‘Tho powder of the 1 part (in'bulk) of white lend ground in oll. Mi p ai tho to iifating very is friphveysnide ‘hein thoroughly, best boiled linseed ingen and the vapors feoinaspossible, tho, burtingTo ignit cones ‘enough to prepare byit adding to pase throughs paint, as ouch oulthombo avaided aftr which temper with oi ili can be applied plato or come, theTho hikeresultand is ightecrtunlythet With a‘ell commonlast paint-bra sh. as ong Make ns auy eos to AT{et the apexon of a the thzee times and Lead part, wibdiog vapors, ery the romartabley tiost is wupericy, and oost not one fourtl as iaushe {ising ia tho strangest fashion, render them hjeots of eurionly and astonishment to all whe Britian Whitacash,ctnely reenting Paste ‘witness their perfurmanes, Manyhavo heerd of the briliant sluoeo wbiteoh .tho eastthoend of tho President's house af 465 Washington following i'siyreisuk fori wih DECALCOMANTA, ‘Toko § bushel nice vanlaed Art of Orsamenting China, Glass, Barth- boiwater, 0r the Woodenware, lin cover g i during ththough process tonekepsiovein enware, Fancy Boxes, Ivory, and tho steam. Bleain tho liquid Paper Mache Goods; Japunsedware, Binding of or strainot, and inaddwarmtoit a peck 2 ofTbeeat, previously Booke, Wil dsseved Fans, Leathot Work, mater ots, gabuud ries, ‘Dirttioet—Cover the piatare enivly (taking Toted fo thin pats, and tired ia bolingofcleas hot, ato not to go beyond tha outince) witha sight 4b powdored Spaoich whiting, and 1b. Soot of fixing varnish; then put the picture on flue, which has boenpreviounly dxclved by aoake {ng {yell and then the object to atbo once, ornamented, it over a slow Gey ino it properly. in orderbeingmot eareul to spoilto place it by sural Rete within bang large.oae fledaiatnre, wit water, ‘Aad 6 galle’of nuving. ‘Tho varaish newly appliod boing too hot water to the Tiguid, the picture should bo lett t dry eight or ‘oll, and lot We stand’ fom day, covored fomsirethe “Te shguld bo puton sight ot’ forte pure ‘mented,when just damp enough to be still adler- Ait: i o tilea on & portale fora: p ot; hi done, cove i fee,” Teiscan tidbe kotthat tnsbout Pint of this wixtare will cover a squaso yard upon the outside of’ ous if properly applied. "Brushes moro or ray Ue utodacoordiag to tho nestness ofthe less job Wanvwers a8 wells lt-paiue for wont Brot slonganynd cheaper. Te raaibo rilltney for years, with hero i i nothing of the Kind that will compayo either foe ine fide. or outside walls fow be washed with a wet paint-brusb, and dzied ‘ery lightly with zomo blotting paper. "The ornamented article should, aftr this, bo put near the ftove of avy other warm place,to annie it diy ‘well and to improveths aahesivenoss of tho pi-

MACKENZIE'S

chro further atigrod andiu makes maker yollow-wash botextesuied eroime fgooe color generally Pretticr. of Tosa theisse detamained casoe the bydarknces of the Shades, courte, the quantly ‘toloring used.” ts dilate to sak rae bonice teoies aroona diferent; St would bedry.bes Greed try SEperitens hlogle, and let ke faust andthe not bo mized with oninesfect it ondestroys th clot, color hes tho white: trash wiih tsawoke it orack anand Sou pect, wish"Whent wale Seo bac ely Lave tic a sloun whit it is-well {0 squeeze indigo plcsy tog ing infole haitn hor youor aduy fre te a nth Tidewaatod, bi stan Ira larger quantity torere. tho saize proportion aloull”tin 9be galeeb:

To render Gunpowder Incombuatitle and Condust‘leat pleanure, Ttbas been recently announced that a plan has bbcon dissovared by whieh gunpowder may be readlefed pleasure,of and afterwards "oatorednoa-oxplosive to ia former ateoudision combastibllity, ‘This discovery was lately announced to baveromarkablo been mado ‘n England, but it seeued fmprobablo that litte attention wat pail to By experiments made during his your (S68), at Jersey City, Now Ostebor Jersey, of unde the ‘charge of 3fe, Handel Corsham, one ot the party ‘of Kinglish railway eapitallst necompanyiog Si Moston dowonstrated Poto to this eountey, tho inatterAt hasthis b ex ‘learly to Ue possible, periniont, common gunpowder wae fret exploded Inthe nixed ordinary wih i in manner. proportionGrauud of to glampart wosuf gathen powder to ono of ground glass, his mixture then refused to explodo under the stinlation of ol-hot pokers, watshey fuses, and lighted paper, Ue took fire and busned slowly, but it would wot 466

explode,powderAfterwerothose sited,tests the remains of the fimo and tout tho glass cleared from if when, a the slightest of ttcDut thethe whalo compound went off sta fash outof romariabl of kegthe ofexperinents wa in cng fou-pound prepared guapows ntheof ign," tp of a mallUnderportable furnacy i fll prov

‘Tho auton of weshante ground lly.glass has no chemical effec at ie acts he glagoatinussepa fates the grains of powder, an prevents ‘us combusti Bach grainate ie auicent Consume fcby is fell ant doveonsnot omatie Co ightor t o render the tier dangerou s, Mixed nheavierand proportio ns, tefourgunpow der wil acaresly Dura; by wating parts of grows. plas ith one of gunpomde s, the later is render edaa Tncomba ilo wea son Thoostimate importance ofthis dlcoverycan searcel bootium d Tesover dacoverd ono ofthe. groutst safeguar d lis “1 wil render te order insgesin g Baie and prevent those quent and terrible events rerullg tho fone ofhunnylif which ‘have sent misery and woin throug comumupit ies ef Plymouth ‘his dacovery waa made hy Hr.toaa, James ale , Beglundy a tind daysly eeengaged vision inwasseietige denied him, hadWhe beinn happier “oxtonsive

pursuits. ‘Tu prevent and correct Rancidity in Vegetable ond “antinel Oite

small quantity ho of nitricreetheroye (“emo eirts ofthe Aeel aatue diagrecable odor of ancl whilst b y sequently warmingis retoved the cll toandtated, thebetesaint: tous fagrodient the if Sweet adto a bottle Inapid.of oll“A when fow drops of nitricserveschetus fied fst opened Scomstant preventive to rancidty.

MACKENZIE'S 1850 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 ‘pasture, our nglntorvals, and washing ofthe skin, When sown with grain ‘Patty bodios in a globular state may be Kept a ‘Timothy, | inaaturon, Proper Foodfrequent at propot protection frou tobe follow Jute on Jong tite without besoming rancid. ‘hia pecue {heloment weather, tho utmost cleanliness in tho fel by clover iu spring. Jinratate can be imparted to fatty matters by melt r e m o v a l of usanuro, with ita storage at a great Bown on grain i ing thom at 130° Fabr. and adding a sinall quanGistaice from the catia ee spring” in. connection Lily of yolk of ogg, or bilo, or ulbuminous sul RodClover,¢ with Tinothy (without -13 to2 gala, stances,or best, solution ofallcali, composed of 5 ‘Timothy double {0 10 parts for every 100 ofoil at thesame tomporatre, Tho whote is then ngitatedforsome time to Torbs, or Red op,» ‘aqwanity) 1 to 1) bushels of 14 Ibs. Dring the fatty matter into’ globular eoudition. Kentucky Bie Grass, toh" 1k A New Hydrautic Cement, Pretec ee pelo Lucero, dried) e ee ey se 10 At a silting of tho Academy of Sciences at Date White Clover, broadcast, Be aeited 408 aris, Decetnbor 4, 1865, ie wus announced that a Lawneee very Grass, +2to 3) bushels of 15 valuable hydrauli cement may be olisined dy heating dolomite, commonly known as mage Milley ee 3 to 1 bushel. ‘esl limestone,” tobetweon575° and 750° Fa Cornyn bia 2"... 1 gallons, Or below a dull redues, pondering tho calcined Sorgmma, or Ciinés’ augur eine, 2 ¢0C014 qual, v os. + +L bushel. ‘uss, with water. hard This Buckwheat, form’ and undermaking wator itintoa a stone pasto of extraordinary Boots and Hews Masigel-Waresi, ".". 4 sts" to 6 Iba, erirgne ‘ness, whigh, whom onco set, fs not affestel ia the lightest degree either by and Wats Bags, ". 11, or sea-water. animal looks olesad ofandlooms dispirited ifleaden ho exhibits an falzo found that a mbatuto fresh of wnagaesia with’ powIfe Pause ee eee ees A108 Tbs. Uunwonted if his eye een ered chalk or marblodust forms with water a ‘Beans t8 ANS, 24 fet apart, 1) bushels fizod and astonished, be assured that this ruel ee Ee plastic mass, which, by exposuro in water for somo Poatesy wpe ime, becomes marble converted into a kind of extremely 467 hoard artielal ‘THE CATTLE PLAGUE, OR RINDERPEST* Ie holds’ his head’ dows, his ears sink frequent Clay for Modeling and Luting. and fal, ‘The Disease followinghas comprohensive aztalo on th fan ho grinds bis t e t h , ‘Tho clay is frst well dried, and thon rendored Cattle ‘Then, aa to tho cows, propared from the best Uhoir nl, which ras already diminished, plastio by admisture with slycerine, Te retain hglish authorities been subject, by a protic Aenly dries "up altogether, andthe lownoss nud,of the on hisusedplasticity for months, and is capable of belug of Philadelphia {pints which intohadstupor. boen visible for time sume youGaystoeDor over and over again just Hike wax, with the nent"Theplyssin wide-spread present fot in tho Eire, panes If at thie Advantago of always retaining the sause couslet~ tecrivas ditorder whichiaterest-at now proveling iu age {holt horas, ther extremities or their hife tn any ance of plasticity, being neither hardened by cold innd another pars of 1s Barope, undert maythe justly nao part you will find that all thes dierent parts or softened by heat. Ur t h e ™ Cattle Hague,” and hich fre sometinea War nd somettnoseolde ‘Another. for modelling —A cheaper andmethod u sucessoPromof avatlate Tutingthana tothe makeabove, 4 te feared it destined also to afflict tho United tite day formacd-you ill witness

in conea3 tosuchfurnich i dosirablo ronders Staten fiensed and popstar form, information ‘an be roiedon, an tho rosult of the studies of Scontife men. Tn 1865,0% ost valuable treatin On oftho Horned Catto Plgguo;. tho Contagious Typhus Cattle its History, Origin, Description, ate,”ef. waatho published uy i’ Bourgdignon, ‘Doolor Bcaty of aooosat Pars, ol, eto. condensed. Prom it mush of the following had besa ‘Tho through davation allof tsthephases, enti wp toplague,the when it pacses death. of Tiouoimal consists ofare fomusvallytontofour twestage, lve days, InGf these this ibavoraging thore threo each or four days, Fist Aantpera of ofinoubation, daring which New Waterproofing Material. the lived homors tho a n i m a l are poloned ie melted linseed y noxious Secon oxbalatons, and sagasundergo “hinds important fandParafin an inte eakos withfor §use.per cont. When ofneeded itis UShangass A febrile Ave. ‘melted, and the mizturo epread with a brush over Sulkin, inducing stor. Fourth, Cherteterizod tho cloth, leather, atone, ron, ete. liechargot lange, fom bowels at he tay nusousending membranes, 22byirenefee te prostration notrlg ino: ant doathe “Thisnon-reourring typhus is adisease, virulent,to regulate contagious,which,febrile, To initate Meerschausn, and iti Mix 1 patt of casein, or curds of milk, with 6 SUihnportant hut every wonne show beepteyed pparis of calcined magnesia and 1 part of oxide af i pony ety ot only nny ta ‘ine, suflelent.(s Jltquantity of rater nnn capecially shove wb, imbasing oomactight ‘paoty andmas,a whieh to solidify, aad towhenforma dry isto Sorex abrasion of th sc cou with 4g extremely bard, susceptible of receiving & fhe diveased animals.

imistra of ofpipe-lay with gravity a solutionof 15.of chivide ‘foalolum tho epenito ‘This tains its plasticity for more thea a year, takes a capita luting. * sud A New Artificial Light Postessing a very highby dogreo of ofetinis power, haaprodsced. beon dioovered M: Sayes Paria” Tes24 by the combustion ofa miatute of arts of four well-iriod and. pulverized nite, withThis7 part of of sulpbur"and 6 of reagan.” Inietore doesite notight gostfe therefneeheper more thaa 0-ceuts porthe pound, and than Teagoosium, to wienenergy. itis only“Ie very slighty des ficient i n Sctinfo Js aot, hoveven, Bultae for in-door photography,

high polish, aad is sold na a-substitute for meereiauts. To clean Sileer or Plated Ware Plungo the artiste in this solution? 8oz,; Llypoeu solution phiteof today 1Ib.;402-7 sulamimoniae, 4 wx, potassiuun, of eyanile Dfyet auamouis, buck rub with wash, and.iv very it eualn. 4 bourypotassium poisonous, ‘Thoeyanideut skin. is not 30 the solution Teimay be omitted, bat1s then in polishing. No powderFarm necessary active, "patimate Seeds for an Are of Wheat, broaleast,. ss + 1202 bushela we alle, y Ryo, broadcast.” «“ Grilled Barley, Yrondcasi,. ““ oiled, 3 oats, broaueast,..” “ riled,

Sioedrsufo and echabind iveringy at panting the stehrnnte logs, lo, breathing, fight cough, soaaty and thisk ovine, with Tard iy andexcosaive constipsied droppinge, and Hnally gone warath, Ifthe back is towof pressedy i will causo pain, and all tho sigas Intense foverthesowil boindications mani. ‘ave divulged the ‘Alroudy nature of the malady havetothem, dat wit, but dlliors more signifcantyouscoeed and’ will oppressed, and ‘mo ther itris a af, frst thinuth and efevtat

takes thoandplacesomeof wilconstipation; thoperiodscattle1 grow Ioaner, dioat tht they llent,holdout, tho diarheca becdmoe more fregases more fetid, and sometimes Uloody thsfro developed under thewhich skin crachlo along thewhensp presed and wid, lat tuors, ‘ipons-—dnaly, thethicker taueus andwhiehnorerunsfetidfrougluethe Head bosoms ail {nous foum snk stops in wptho theorbits; mouth;tho thebodyeyeswaraita ld trth boro Ueereaaeas the animal says andfis heua frouhis right forint becoming inssasiia cold; HeadexIsis en ono tide, and ho dis, pasting frou Irastion andthe discus asphyxia,lise onboontheconfessed, nthe oF elt {ay‘heafterearea x repulsivei aieke appoarance; thobones,hidewhiehis dryshowexhibits andthe ertokeis to auttho form of the skeleton, tieUofuredeath, putrid decomposition whiston allad theslrouly cet in solos rapiy tenic. "Tho Souetines gourds of thethe dseate {3 not always tha samo, aninal is agitated at Grey {End all th fanstions of lito are so distarbod that ‘oath comes on in Ura or three days, At tes Aisngans lunge ieare cong sre alate than he andoor thoInterna i moro tense, bread, ithe and obstructed,

taken inasnong Englandthe to Various prevent theaneasuces spread have oftheDeencontagion, aud "tho ofremoval of mbiohor Burying provineat shout {estruetion by Uoruing all mattore Sapuble of reproducing thein diseases” a discotaet withhone booa have which SrUles teed anal or any af ts dieehanges pecially SeIlsaung,Ueased ast bohad ropsel a8 at nfestowss” Anand better be once killed Seep basi, "Tnthoraorder should fo maintain or restoreabun.the Tlith of eat, bo farnahed ‘dance Ponty ofofpurepve watdry, clean, lean wnadel ventilated dry tenowssheds,of ‘Whon once seen, it is iunpossiblo to mistake

THE

SURVIVOR Vol. 4 cleeah nal act

{his typhus —cattlo plague) foraleany etter,disso amie (oxtothe chest cbupiin eri-pneumonia, which is likewise contagious; but open or lcure-preun tho attack iy gence niaprecerve alt insdiods, ~ te eyes visas fan the appeita fo not Tost wal thelrtonaras ‘hove, deyTn’ emg this Uivorder (pleuto-pmeumona) a ‘er shows il rom these, fn persist; the breathing ls frequent and pain” fal; anthesis of th chert, when truck the dngers give out tho hard slid sound wih ot a {ull Darel (datas), this poresson being pains ful. "Tho eyes, seeretions ose, and south dotpt ot deebango {hae purulent scen in the Uinrehtes only comes on at the eny begand Leas 468the mitch cows tho mie frequent apd fold, Th Aoctenses, butof isthon0thoras quite andsuppressed. “Tho heat lower extremities iMoreetd, he pani an regulary, the sola! dying thatabout thdistene fou teeek, “ins ew bo soon the two ers widely derpisguoin thelr symptoms, Pho cattle (ox typhus)ean,ie tac by far ani.the forma tonady which Wheit carries fet offalninetyot trad itof Sudgment, cattle owt ARondred,” In prior ssiatons, and especily ia 21a "whe ans of orm eal tert of in Earopo, England lostnuaber from thres to ur honieedthouseady and tho ofJunesteto Mui have perished f o " Hnglond from Detaber, 1883, exovade sixty thous Bvory furmor who Keeps many cattle should iyide them into teveral lasses} thus: —Pirst. ‘The sound and healthy Uhat have had no direct or indireot interoourse with and these must bo kopt carefully tainted Isolated.eattle,Second, Cattle whieh, though unaffected, have boon ex ‘posed in cura, ships, or markets, These are to bo nade of troatment the moment the fist signtho ofsubject the disease showsitsel. hind, Cattle actually smitten, with he ‘ccording to euch ctago of tplague, ho disease,to be treated cattle mnuct bo remove from the farm,‘Tho of,healthy Hf they remain at the rack, must. be taken twico daly for the (wofuld purpose of {aking outwholesome exercise allowing. theit stalls ed sheds to bo erougilysnd. clesne” feeding should also be carefully watebt, aniTheir fellowing provisions led to their duily suppliesthe Pounded oats 4 pounds Pounded janiper b e r i o s 1 pound. Posederod gontian 1 Sulphate of ron 1 2 ounes. drachins, Carhonato of soda 2 drach ‘Whilst

inthe outfeldyof pond th ‘site a should not be staguant any todriak allowed wetor muddy belonging or Gaius ta. our wine sen peeive clss the(having bean oxpoved to infection) sams owen the in ration tonie and ftrengtoning bd Eran every doy take the flloving arco idorato of potash. ~ 2 drachms, ” ste. | i pint Waters Dissolve. and nie with drinks ‘ono gallongiven angeaonor when be given yop‘Thoutans ofto thie ts of tho antd-contagin unbe dria iguotimpor tano, Te shou continued even aut bron aa the plague florToring oatle which aro of theastrontinenty thotheabvenco anlorgolng proventive et thobe 'sede sn stalls iste of condition” Healthy loakel day; liter every ven ‘Do thoetrefalHove toand tkeeleansoout Httho thoroughly wash Hite place juniper wall fumigata ie with Waent ut jie theor died beriy, saga and resem,

MACKENZIE 'S,

by a watering-pt, after @ thorongh_scrubbing All brootns und «ther inlementay or persons stepping from diysuseot patty leaned nce to lant one may salted with saltpetr, an fitle arsnio, ‘his Uovning back tfetion, Workuen that ae be ‘will buen r e a l i t y 3 placed on u pan of couse At Sacelal to wash helt own bots nd hale with Hight, tae creosote hovsing, podtoleum gr fodine Iny be Teft in the able, to difuce heir vapors soup and to doy sl St {ou modity dhe si ‘As tho cate plague, oF orox aleep, typhus,taually when once “iiDotpatabesnaresied bythe Department o develope in the of, eo, pure f Stax fies oe th aos nto a ha oy fcom the nitod States cool a teno n net iroso ofthe changed donde, that thoyte varyfoverding the diferent {ie of arch i, 18 gio the flag owe ‘tags at eat producing Sas sow at, toe very ea fxeitentent, but in tho lator stagen reat oc este Paraan ark, Loz of fon, on haustion, "Teneo it requires «high dogres of Skil, pratisale speriones and vigilance, , Darn afiDon mtu and pln oly thothe order the ox sorgocs fa two meeke al ory ons dy feverish commotion whieh © aan Tabering ‘he other preston i" —1 Th, of onions, under typhohl fover would be subject to int sal and rong 1b of uri {Toot groan runt Binge ud tha bated boiva caver th ‘The phenomena succeed exch othr wth teri wate stead on th toe aly pps swiftness, leaving barely thoe for tho medicines then pitove rtheoi oratin y ald eft ba wack ts tr every? ot the mitre Dew e Avie oatboak of the aboih slithey cota pin ay feeding.” This is eacily donedisorder, asthe onital lfulost his appetite. Give dis fstoud ln pail of sonbed ay, adding to tn eprnkling ot Among the To keep Sele; or give water, whiteted with bran and ho many methods adapted to proserve With ttle vinegar, thre oF four thoes dally nile for lengthened porn bo ie thatot At. Pasteur When’ the animal coughs and bis breathing 36 Ie has found that if ile heated tosweat 2135; forathe pprestd g i , v e him wut Yoiting dink such as ened p o i n t of water, ie w i l rouisin Varley tyr a but mash, and cover bi fow days If heated fo 220° (wader pressure, of valliandlblankets bathygien enrae) twill remain sweet for soreral weeks ba dont exelute te fo ‘Tho following AF meanuree” tro ty ba taken against the extension of the plagues erheated of oarto, 260°, tho mille wil hoop for any aus To detect Watered Mite, ‘Tho cheapest easiestaudmethod of adullerating "The contagious tatters aco all Kinds of cattle null is by ndingand water we: tnay ofhoofstho ox tribe, and also iden hair horny and certain tho exist extent uf adulterationrellyhy thea those led or dead with the plogea. following plan. If glas tube, divided inte 160 ‘The of intestin al dicharges are thot pesnspal ts, be filed with mile and eft standing for 24 agents that spread tho diverder out andthe oream wil riso to the upper pat the Hones that have been in eontact tube witha diseased anigal or any of ite discharges, tal gonaoccupy fom 21 to 13 divisions if the aa scraping of stalls, etc,

tre eapablo of carrying the dfestivn for au GeGnite timo, as racks of wood, or ian ety, oe tuanger of wood, ron, or tone, collars srapa rope sebaing, , carts, wagons or eetugey hick they haveharnesstouch ; gutters’ or draine i hich diet urine has fowed ents fy Tomoving mnanure; the manure yallHeaphoplem the gaara ‘on which thoy have stool; paths ead rosie on walked ot disafet ben des, tWhich oy ete ;— diseasetod allcattleund have any of whieh, ants moet pn, 7 eying deeply ia dry ground fs the quickest, ‘cheapes meat certata way of disinfosting a nia t,deadand fromth e plagues “Tho droppin gs, straw all other matters contaminated shold iso andbo buried, so that they aunot be disturb ed for a log tno Manor and, s Jowocvelten manury of cattle yards, heap if infecte by even a sinall quaatiy ofFemove the ddroppings of m d disease d anime, should Lo toa suitabl e plac, and covered wilh a layer of earth “oora of any shed or stable in whieh divoned cattle have trable stood, sateri It not formed of water tent tnd impene ta bo infeated to tho dopth ofa sicmustinches, bw acsumed Tlf rlten ‘wood llyof favorable carrier of inf. tion. isAny:an especia lining a pen hero's tieaned animal lias stout, should! bo ‘broken out and ihumned. atin ne racks of wot orn, ley‘in ean it bo disinfo sted by ‘exposing them to heat ret will cha and all tuch of Iron shout thon be galvanwood) ic. Chloride of Iino is among tho cheapest and moat l ofas articial dsinfotastar wad ® posibe Should’ powerfu bo upped touch ws in stalin eis not applic abl wo large qusatt io of nara, or to amallors ich tn minuto, ay putrid Ona’ pound of chloride of Tint to oe gallonwineuk water can bo distributed by a garden cagite, ot

‘To preserve Milk Mill, becom os by the formation of lactis ‘acid, which is rapidsourly devel oped at a temperatare of‘woot70 to 90°. Tho best way ve. milk for domestio purposes 1 totoapreser d to Alay a fo grains of carbonate of soda per itpintsevery, ‘koep the mile alkaline, TRICLINE,

The flowing azcount of this disease has been cond ense don ftomof nroport made fu Apri 1983, bya Somu otii ecfetive an molical er, 3 Pointed by the Chica tomyof Beiencar kd nay be regarded as goShorAea ough tyed rella biee ‘Tech inn i e the term appli tow aniga lo ante sl (para site) kaow n for some tine to have ns {sted In the muse s of man, and which cout So ‘red in tho musc leso f somo ether maui nale be feeding them with i More recent it has bee Aiseo reredIt jtoy occur naturally tn the muscles of Sorino ." amino; slendeny and nseparent Worm, scarc ely 1-20ce h of an uch in lengli Aer {RG chin a Mon nade tet stomach af sna othoraninals suscepibe tots raya Sul which aay ‘eed upon ed aeseee tho warms taco fread frofal thirinfstexpm {hoJn thoaetion of tho digestive Auidy and Fange feBya stomach and intetins of the easton Their deve lopment proeceda rapily, ant pros asin tales placo within Lor dayey exch'fnate gives bisth to frou G0 to 100 yong and diessoos After. ‘Tho youn g thethreiniag sdciko monb wordrasemalaof s thefoe ‘Short ine withi n testines, causing’ frtations darrhwe,a teate tims death it present in sufiient nuubors, “Anse atai a propeto r penet sizeratenad thestronwalls gth, ofthesetho yous e ‘ohioing na begin ata tines, may towaed thir proper homes, andthe make voluntarythelrmusdl es. “In traversing the

1852 THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 this animalNow andto history ofofdisease. sauscles they do not seem to poneteate the Aibro of So auch now for endthe causo ‘the inoicl, but to wind their way between them. its mode of fs, this nt country? does paraite exit inthiscoonaissi este to those aieted great ma that At hi tne they caus on ‘An examioation of this” modieal 1886, of spring tho during in 48, were found matte in Chicago, ofIll, them, 1 1594 hogs, 28 and oFnumbering fof fcomimenco to eneyst them in each hog fibre, none having ever been found eneysted ia to containto 18,000 triching, ichina to-a cable inch. fat or the other teaies, They perforatetho ws ‘ou48 of tho fibre ealectod ag their abode, pase into it fd fasten themselv ‘As no trichina nor germ of trichina has over ‘worm then gecrotes a delicate membranous found in vegetable fuod, tho parasito must ‘bean hich Snally becomes ealearooue by still further evitably come through tho’ ewing of flesh {verotions. Tei only a man, however, thut these obsorved, hogs sing faleareous and their contineme Usually liledeystslonghave beforeeontime hus lapsed for the hogs ‘mal food is aveessible, a “Asan theinfallible preventative osumulation of tuiclentline, ‘Theyoungtrichina fgalnat Tvichiniasi” disease cannot bo stage, it wll so re- detected by exterasl appearance, no farmer torpid it reached now having can main during’ tho lifeine of its custodian. It sists omong is animals, feads 0 longer, but goee on slowly ia. dovelopait atonor ‘ont it has itsreaohed fd thentl awaits clances the ofeandition freedom of topuberty, “cou soopo will ffectuallychin if tho muscles of the hog tence ite eyele.” They can breed but once ia the be free from this paras ody of ove and the same animal. ‘They have eonruselesKnown cause auaher partial paralysis by theto great enivedded ofin certain them. "To do this itis simply nocessary to thoroughly Rosvess, 122 INDEX. ‘Acorenrs,the M3Horse, 108, Bitter, Oi of 291 ‘Compound, 149 2k of, 308 ‘Acetate of Ammonis, 178 ‘Aciws, ‘Aectio, 298, 433.296 Almonds, Oil of, 301 ‘Alun, 315 of, 215 Carbatotis, 318, ‘Aluming,Cabo, Aceinto Carbolio, 436, ‘Aluininvin Brose, $71 Carbone, 433, ‘Aualges, ‘Amandine, for308 Blestreal Machines, $70 ‘Ammonia, Acetate, 176 ‘Molybdate Mur, 2 Water of 178of, 313 Nitromarinle, 379 Avorazion, 148, 161 Poteonag byy281 Anatto, Pyralignsous, 208 ‘Anbury, 824or Wart in the Horse, 106 Balphhydrio, ‘Anchoviee, Arica), 239 Balphutio, 208, 433 ‘Aveurismy 141 137 Bulphuroue, 433 ‘Angina Peotorie, Adams, ‘Anauine, 443, ‘Adhesive 438 Plaster,175 ‘Aoimal Hood, 247 ‘Adulteration in Bread, 08 ‘Flour, 438, olian Iarp, to121make, 454 Anittte doforthe Bordeaux, 289 €9 ‘Age of Cattle, ‘Amal, Garden, Dog, 449 ‘Antiattition, 347 Powder, 433 ‘Horse, 104 Teraslation AGRICULTURE, 9 Antimony, Ores ofby 808102 Palsoning ‘Ague, 123 Cake, 129 Antinscrbatio Water, 296, ‘Ailanthue Silk Worm, 59 Axniaeencs, 433 ‘Ais, Froaby, Tosportanco of, 184 ‘Ante Provent and Destroy, 450 Tn Buildings, to cool, 485, ‘Aperient Pills, 100, purify, Water, 108 00 ‘Apiary, 100 138 Aix Ia toChupello ‘Apoplexy, ‘ALeowon, 283 Appetit Tinprove, 261, tofrommake, 280 Apt, Caltare of, 88 15, 6,07 Potatoes, 283 Brandy, 288, $89 from Wood, 253 ‘Paploos, 100 20 Proportion of ia Wine eto, 287 Aprioots fo Preserve, to Beodorize,04 ‘Agua Mellie, 203.379 Aux, London, to Drew, 254 Regi, from Sagar and Malt, 256, Aquaria Consent, 54 fonPossot, Mer Coblet’s Plan, 255 ‘Aguatint 421 200 ‘tracy 282 198 Table, 253, ‘Arrow: root, to Breve, in tmall Familie, 254 Gren260 365 to Brev, Burton, Nottingham, Hesex, Radin. ‘Arsonial ‘Artichoke, ‘burgh, 250, 287 ‘lt Got 495287 ‘toto Botte, Fine and202 Preserve, 258, 259 ors, Be {to Ripen, if Flat, when Bottled, 263, Stabe, 499337 to Manage in the Cells, 268 Wau “Alexiterial Water, 208by, 152 Annsrs Colons, 381 100 ‘Alkalies, Poloning ‘Avoardes, ot Bexttorm, ‘Actors, 908 ‘Asparag,to Calttate 6, 82 ‘Almonds, Artificial, 201 Sashes of, 280

MACKENZIE'S.

ook thehavepork,experienced a0 that every portion ofof the ment Sal a tomperatare atleastit {00° Fab. “this ft of the wtaost importance, isflonod owingsuchto eating porklfo among uncookedthe. thatpoorerhar eansen ocea~ loa of fn'"Geraany. Agata, ty property" aaltingtrine,and ttnolng the aos for clcus 0 dg tha Should they ofexist willmeatbe i certainly kled.fora Siploperiod Alesication the centinged SfStance eflcien lenge, wilbe found alao il in thom they willnorer old bamaf that but I hog out of 48 of tho 1394 examined ‘vas found to contain triching at all, and bit one inumber’ 300 wasto found to eontain theta jn ufcent cause considerable danger,and that even in these eases the worms are rendered ince ‘out by proper emoking, drying, or couking, wo ‘cannot tee that the popularto eontinue panio which ‘exiata should bo permitted auiong nowine telligent persons, and thus deprive aine.tenths of our agricultural population of ono of their chiet fnticle of food. Tagout, 213, 220 Assafetida, Aseavixo, 263,Pils of 161, Asthma, 127 ‘Asthinato“Affecting, People, to185 Prevent Lamp Smoke from Astringoat Injoctions, 168, Asteingentils, Mixture, 166, 124 Autition, ‘Autography,Anti,425 947 Babbit’s Metal, S71 9 Dallinoogns,in Hors2es9 , 414 Balllsam, Go22db2 ol's, 176 Ba Banowterens, to Construct, 439 to Read, 440 Basilicon Bath Metal,Ointment, 371 174 Bathing, 189 Battoricy, Blectroal, Bavarian Beer, 257 374 Dead for Liquors, 288 Beans, String, to Cultivate, 195. 38, 468 Bee Bubr,Flowors,to dla Mode,Cultivate, 203, 251, 100, ‘to Chose, 248 ‘and Pork, to Salt, 259, Braised, Collopa, 211207 Corned, 190 ‘enDried, Daubo,190. 205, Essence, 178 Hashed, Potted, 190207 249 208 Qualities Salt, and ofCubbage, Sanders, 200 Sportsman’, Bloat, 206, 207449 Tea, Tongue,18, 205 Brrr, ‘Auber, or Two-penny, to Brow, 253, te Botte, 237 268, Cheap, Dead, Bnliven, 259259 ‘Fiat, to10 Recover, from Pea-thells, to Brow, 258, from Sugar, 258

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol.

Frosted, to Restor, 260 Foxing, to Care, ee, 259 Ginger Lager, 257238 Molnstes, to make, 258 Must, to Mestore, 259, ‘on Mr Cobbett's Fou156 Plan, 255 Root, 257nd Time for Keeping,oe 258, Bareaparls, Space 257 257

4

Blalo otto Sour,Brow tofromRestore, 250 255 Table Pale Mal, to {0fo grea FineFine, and266,350 Prosorvo Cask3 of, 25 Reb Baer ty rent becoming State and Flat 269 White, 257 * fo determine Quantity of Aleshol in, 237 Bans, Flowers best for 100 ‘Tatas, in Sta 104Iles, 09 Management 98, 102,450104 to'Aveid Ljeryof te, Docs toto Feed 10L101 lie, 6 Swarm,289. 100 ‘Boot Brandy, Sopa’St85, 263, Bal Meta Bally, Wotnds of 145, Beassin, Taotare ofof 176160 Bargunet,"Water,senso 294 for Saote-bites Bibron’s Antidote 460 Blennials, 89 Biles, atRerer, 128 Billoo Birch Oi, 200$50 Birastin, Birds, Canary, 448Farmers, 8 Unetal to Biscuit, "paney, Albert227 $36224 ‘Naples, Bavoy, 228202 pongo, Bhar, 201to Assay, Binmuth Ores, $05, Animal, Bites and Stings of Noxious 145, 80 Diacking, 49 ‘Blackberry Brandy, 230 ‘Cortial 336 Galtare of256 Extract Mas, tor20 Syrup, Wine 178236, 209 Black Drop Bladder,a Tndamed, 192 the Hors, 106 Stone in#29,1 220, Blane Mange, 289 DUUACIIING AND SCOURING, 309167 leading,Biretins fter Bxtraction of eels from tho Nowfor, 158

‘steina Food i the 249iors, 106 Diao gpiting of 12 Dlote loeb da FacMeare, aoe’26 lube blue, Prssan ,ot 95,997 con Choi, S16 ‘Tren 388 and, f ing of, 180 Doethaave's Rules for Health, 184

1853

ogBono Spavn, 108 825 ta Stato, Dowcens Inokostarons my, x0 Basra, dt Dal eile,Saatage, 100 400" Bonbon 8 452 Booechino,

MACKENZIE'S

Hats, to lean, 456 Babo, 133 Buckwheat, 45,Sot460 Cakes, Budding, 03 Bugs to Provoke, Balboa Boots, to hasten,480 8 Buns, Common, 201 a a SP 377 Burgundy Titch Paster, kd Burdette Anti io by,Bld,37 435 Printed, o Bleach, 310 Garnicking, to Uild oots, to ams andto Coe, Sets,96 183 Waterproof, 348, Batts, Bots, 108 ‘Deana, to Tomoye104 Puraip Favor from, 96 Bottle Stoppers, 434 Bougios, Pass, 158 Dumbarton Mode,2 98 oul eu toMateloto, 191,205 Matiz dita, Bouyuet de Caroline, 266 Nunes 190 Essence of, 303, tomake, Estorhasy, 305 Dattons, Now 288Material for, 434 Bowels, Inflammation of, 129 Dutprie Act, her, 288 Boxes, Capacity‘in thoof, Horso, 428 107 rain, Compression of, 144 Cavbages,{© Keep Qualities of, 249 from, 63 Concussion of 145, Caterpars Tatawmation of, 125 to Aromat, Drederve fur307 Seu-Voyagen, 488 Dean Broad, 97 CCachos Bieandy,“hiackberry, Apple, 289 286 Caius,Tn Yellow, S34$85 Bieoworks, British, Caen, ‘albany, 200 291 Cherry, 231 280, Tnitation, ‘Almout,“Chee, 225, 297,208 Peach, 289 289 285 Peaches, 282 Appt, 202 tofromPreservo Proits283fn, 240 Diaby, 2. Root Beer, Bath, 200 seas, and S71 ak, 2: Copper, to Tin Rapidly, 433, ‘Oroaments, to heap Brat, 202202 to Polish, $29, Preserve, 488 Ghecte, read Brasil 200 to detect, 98, 439, Ghee, Rice, 202 Bread, Paper, Adulorated, iter, 250 offn Teeland Cocosnat 222 Cobbetts MossPlan,and98 Flows, 98 Grea, 21 Cup, 280 229 Broad, ‘Gualites Booteh, 228of 250 Bietivo, to make, 90, 97, 08 Federal 231 225 ‘Breasts, Tnlazied, 169, Pino Chocte, Broosheo Ball 313. Flannel 201 Brew, to, Alo ia Small Families, 264 Erench beat, ‘Atsbor Bratt, Pian Plain, 220202 ‘Beer andDeer,Alo 28from Pea-Shell, 258 ‘Good ‘Brown Stout, 254 Yemen, 228,200 Burton, Edinburgh, Essex, and Nottingham Maitvon, 224226, ‘te, 356,257 Phan Seed, Lager, 237Al, 266 Plat, 221 200 Totten Portugal, Molases Hear, 258 Pan, 254 Pound, 26,Pound, 224 Poner on the Lonton Pudding out Ber,eer,257 Queen, 25a0 Spruce 257 Ruah ‘Mle Wont fom Pato Malt, 255 255 ities, 260 226 fom Bugar aad Bit Pum, treacle, ‘White Boor, 257 Wh Soot,200 224 Brow-House Savoy, ot wp Sal, 252 Brnwiso,fo Shoowe 251 Water for, Shrewsbury, 200, 225 Sponge, 231, 200 252 {itens ove! Wort fo, 228 260 Bhgae 230227 to preserve, Swe, rng to toUi Weng, 29 Bristle, Dye, 328, carzco Pritt, $22 DritanaautyMetal396 872 CCalves atlan's Batery, 988, 231 eek Head, to Dees Broting, 311195 ‘Poot S91,92 eley, 299 Bronse, tear, “xlusinam, 971to, 249 Camphor, 290 324 ‘Guin Barrels ‘Minture, Planter Cavan Dinos, 43 ‘Broth, On Chicken,Figo, 1 248 Ghneer, 138 Ganceroaa Ulcers,232 Lotion for, 154 Sable, 216, 4 Candied Sagar, Mattoo, 199 217 toLemon Calor,Deel234 233 Seotsh, 193, Brown Brew,357254 ‘Candied Oranges, 235, Brash Stout, in obo 10pies,

‘THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Orange Peal 298 for, Candle,“Wax,Substitute make, £53 ‘Canker in the ,Horse, 107-115, ‘in Drees 77 , 240ning aa Cams s, Poiso CantharideFrost by, 152 Canvas, 1o Waterproot, 34 Caoutehoue Varnish, 318, Boxes, 428 of ty aai Cap Capstoum, to Raise, $2 Caraway Cordial, 285 Gi, 290 Carbasotio Acid, 818, 486 arbotionic Acid, Carbo Actd, 483 Carbuncle, 14k , Oarlsbad Water 299 choosore, 457 Carpets,to toRest 311, 10 Seoun, $12 atus, 435, Care's ApparCulti 40, ts,gea, fo Dispvate, Carro laced,135 Cartla CARVING, AIT 381O¥, 241 Caso Hardening, Sweeton,201 260, 273 asks, Musty,to toSeaso ‘Now,close withoutn, Bungs , &o, 261, 262 fo sca ia r Of, to Obtain, 290 Casto Oi, 801 asa er,Dress158ing for Leather, 459 Clyst cast Stee, 383 le Motal, 70 (Casts from, Fusib Cold, Gataplaeme inthe Horse158, 108 Cataract Cold, 126, Catareh, oF herres, to Remove, 78 CaterpillarsShrubon s,Gooac Plants, ote ng§3 the, 183 ‘on tons for Passi ‘cathepter,for Diteo Sea Storesmake, 104 194, 214, 220 Gatsu tomato,room,to ‘Mush 214 Age of,ie, 121120 alte, ‘Caida Disteymper in, 116 Frenz in, 120 Garget in, 118 Muvenioof in,Blowa120 ia, 122 ‘aud Fever joyin, 122110 Lang Paunohing ie Sur, 120 ed Water in, 116 Scourliingng h18407;od, 106

SiSwrcinmtogwiin thPoo Iiead io, 221 ‘Trearatewaeatntor foofr, 11110 6 Wounnads, in it10on8 ing by, 162 i, st Ccauyenne ZaPepper, Boto Rate, 8 CaRons, Stary, 178,180 G to’ Paitors ad lasers, 164 Codrat BCounnicea,, to290 make, 288 CcCEelMorEy,NTQuS,alit39ie2s of, 250 erate aofrmSporan,ish4 Flies, 114 ‘chaalfie ngSistDishur,e, Lm13pr0 ompta, 468 ShGhalybente Draughts, 166 ilWas,ter,168500 Chaltsybpaoagatse, Wi25ng8 , 100 haShans ‘Chap ed rinHocka8, 106. areca,‘tr AsDoiodnor, iz20er8, 488 ‘PoasiesPa,rife15r,8 18 tormake, 250

1854 to Protect from the Rect of, 186 Charlotte Russe, 223 Cheese Cakes, 202, 225, ‘hese, 36 Hage, 216 Danson, 237 y, 309 Gooseberr Green 190 Hogehead, of, 249 lua, 16, Chemo ‘Qualities S, 432 AL RECEIPT CHEMICLandscapes, 862 horsie, to Dry, 240 Brandy, 286 Cherry ‘Chestouts, to Keep, 87 (Chest, Dropsy of 37 ‘Wound in the,with145,Mushroois, 209 Hrioassee, Chicken,Broth, 194 210 188, ‘Pie, Pox, 138 Sal, 231, with Cora, 210 Stawed,Hateh, to e, 93,88 115, Chickens,"to'Manag chiblains, 156. nt and Diseases of, 168 Manageme ‘Ouildren, and Fever, 128 Chil s to Extingulab, 460 on Fire, ChitimeysSmoky, to Cure, 459 to Clean, 455 o, to Manufacture, 304 China-war and Glass, to Cleaa and Pack, 457 to Clean, 437 to make, 381 Sheut-loud, oveFire, $85, 310 Obints, to Wash, £86 450 Limo, of bloride‘to Destroy Insects, 483, 480 Chlorine,“Water, 209 309 Chlorimetzy, 186 200,

MACKENZIE'S

from, 314 40 Wako Bpots of Paint Take Spots of Grease from, JI te Ball to make, 313 (other ible, 437 Tocombust ‘on Fito, How to Act, 437 to Brash, 436 to Scour, 312 totake Grease from, 314 Cuorntse, 186 to make, 286, Glove Corin, ‘Oil of, 290, 302, 450, 451 th Destroy Tusects, 450 18, ag438Manure, 2. Coal-tar,“Ashes Gators, 318 Goats, fo Soour, 313 Ores, to'Assay, 265, abate 200 Goooa, oake, 222 Cocounut"Padding, 222 odssh-ca200,kes,262 191 Cotes, of, 251 Qualities ‘Tree, to Hograt,75 Coins, 47 Tmpressions from, 438 Basy Mode of ofTaking lue and Foreign 431 iveVaAmerican Relat 808 old Cream, ‘Artigcial, 435 of, 460 Drinks, Brevent Eifeots n from, 151 ‘Suspendedfor, Animatio 159 Colds, Gargles in die Head, 126 fn the Moree, 107 Cole Slaw, 195 Colig, 180Painter's, 191 of, 146 bone, Hractures Ccolla- Dislocatio n of, 8 Colodion, 40 s, 19 CCollyria, or Bye-wasbe 251 , f o es liti ‘Qua 188 of, Pills Golooynth Ani,ina62l Hood, 247 of nts Choiee Pla Gologneswater, 304 Chevfoul'18.s Method of Graduating, 821 Sonous, Goaltar, Choking, 103, Cnonenaa, 162bus, 129 Compound, 310 Mor ler Cho to Discharge, 316 Chowder, 192 nery, 838 forOi, Confectio Chrome Green, "18238 382, ‘Composition,21) Waterproof, 981 ‘Composts, Compression of the Brain, 144 208 $52 Concrete, ‘Conoussionof the Brain, 143, Condy’s Disinfecting Solution, 486 Seoteh, 208, oweny, 282 CaxezortColors tora 3 fof, 338 {o{founManego, ory, to ake, OL Conservat Pas, Assay 208 of 385 ion, 127 Consumpt Itami Cinnabar Cootustons, 143, 145 Cinnanvh, Coral, to take, 285 ts, Soup for, 178 Convalescen Convulsions in Progaaney, 168 Cinnamon, Oil of, to Obtain, 299 fn Childven, 171 ‘Water, to nake, 204 in tho Morse, 107, 111 Citrate of Magaesta, 275, Y, 188 ‘COOKER (Citron Cordial to make, 285 Rules for Seamen Captain, Cook's, Clam Copal Varnish, S41, 343, Clap, Soupe, 133) 193 304 (Capper,"Yn Assay’of, ‘Churet Punch, 291 Pickles or Tea, 493 [Luting, 466 289 Tmitate, to Wine, Claret Clarifying Toney, 240 Clay for Blodolling and 378 from Corrosion, 422 Foils, Plates, Soureby, 152 Craig's Method, 24 Me, lay, Burning, Poisoning anil to Underdeaia, 49, 50 Cleaning Water Casts, 25 for, 43” ‘Test ‘Tubes, 316 Climate, Bet of, 78, copy, oe ClimbingBafl-colored, Shruby 88 to Clona, S11 ‘Cloth, for the 400Printer, 452 ou Preparing, Faded Black, to Revive, 313 Avidelal, Garalpy, Branches, n Seinira, 285 Scaret, and 31 om Coxtsoux Conprats“Anigo-ee d, Caraway, ‘the Nap toon,Clean to Raise, Colrat, Cinnamo to Bleach, 10

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Burong Cinnamon, Citron, Cloye, Coriander, Eau do Bigarrade, Gold, Pepper Lemon, Lovage, Nester, Noyau, Orange, ‘mint “Ratata, ‘Dry Hatala, Whiskey 235-287 Cork-screw, Substitute for, 459 (ora, Indign, to Cultivate ,29, Oysters, 219 to Dry 83,219 Corn-bread, Gorned Beet, 232190 Coens, 150 Worse, 107 Gosmetiein thefor Complexion , 465 Cosietics, 208 Costivenes, Cottage Cheese,158, 214161, 107 Cotton, 88 Coughs and Colds, in the Horco, 158,107 159 ourt-plastor, 175, 968. Cow Feoder, Direations to92 the, 91 ‘Mileh to Choose, to Keep, 92 Pos, 188 Crabs, to Choose, 248 Pot, 190 Crackedto Heels in the Horse, 107 Cracks in Stoves, 468 Cramp in tho Stomach, 161 Cramps, 168° in Bathing, 183 Cranberry, Calturo Crean, Colteo, 237 of, 60 ‘oo, 288 Painters, 343, Pistachio, 235 Qualities of, 240

‘de Noyeau do Martinique, 264 Orange, 285 Crocheting , 48 Crops, Rotation 10, 26, 27 Croquots, Chicken,of, 232 Group, 173 Crows, to Banish, £0, 99 Crullers, to make, 464 Crampots, 201 rast, Short, 108 Cucumbers, fo Cultivate, 1, 78, 79 to Pickle, Cunawany Aurs, 239 Curacos, 289 188 Currants, Culturo of, 69 of, 261 can itQualities 215, Selly, Wine, 836, 367235 Carrying Leathe, 387 Garey, Bie “Indian Sauce, 214 Maloy’s, Powder, 216118 Salmon, 210 Custards, Alutond, ‘Appl 280 222 Baked, 222 Boiled, 199 Cota, f99 Lemon, 222 Grange, 222 222 Cutlets, Rico, Lain, with Peas, 208 ‘iutton, 208 Pork, 208 Veal, 206, 52 Cuts, Treatinen t of, Mk63 Cutting, for Plants, Oypher, ‘writing in, 459

Dablie-paper, DDanton airy, @ Cheeses Manage, 2992072. ‘Plum, Pickled, 291

1855

in tho468Hort, 108 Duawrsis, Diamondto Tmitate’ Coment, 373356 Diaries, 228150, 182,171 Diavoling, Duet, 247 to Tuprove, 126,161 Digeto Diphthen Dippa's Oi, 6to Obtain, 201 Dikeases“General ob Cantons, 169 Rules for Treating, 122 Proutian ro Fasats, 165 ot Wheat, 29 Dasinpneraxes, 164, 185, 185, 430 Distaeation, 1 8 5 , Disuooarrons, 118351 Distotper, 328, in Dogs, 115,23749 DISTILLATION, ofof Coxspound Spints, 28522, 204 Compound Waters, ‘ofGoueral WssentialMalesandfor,eter Oily 299 simple waters, 298 to Presa Mlomera for, 292 istrict, Bully,Pies113 in, t xtnguish, 280 Diuretio ods, Best Breed of, for Shooting Game, 449 Distemper i115,489 440 Mange i, 16, Purging al for, tas to Kaow the Agoof to ix 7yours, 449 Dourstic‘Medicines, Heavonr f0 173 Dongh-nuts, 404 owas, Medisinal, 188, 261 Dover's Powders, 173 Dram-Drinking, to Remedy Eets of, 460 Drainiog Landy 49, 50 Dramings,‘te Varnish, Lead Pénel to Proterv, 850 360, Drawn Butter, 104 Dresden Chinn, 95 Dresses, Inconbustible, 487 Drier for Pain S32 Drilling Glass, {39 heat 26 Drop, Blasi 175 Drops, Chocolate, 234 Clove, 234 Soi, 206 to nfectionery, make, 234 Giogen a907 Grange’Flower, 224 Peppermint Se Dropay ofthe Bag, 134 ally, 132 Chest, 127 Kee’ 135167 Medieins for Drowning, 151, 190,18), 182 opine in Dahan ing is Herbs30 oot, otosBS Dey-rot 882,492,498 Disheat Dusk, 18W Choon 248 Dofy’s Blisin,pale,175 Dumplings, 199 ‘aspoerty, 198 Dung Beds, to 292fos, 60 utah Drops DYBING,Pins bis 800 of Leather,

MACKENZIE'S Dyseotery, 180 Dyspepsia, 128 Eas, Extraneous in the, to Bxtraot, 167 ‘TnduumationBodiesof 125, Wounds of, 145 Bau do ‘deBarbado, Bouquet,294304 4 Cologue, 204, do Javelle, 86

sorb BE ao oowasra See Sa Gratin, 212 orn ieee it Pee ‘Elbo, Dislocation of, 149 2A

Hleseteal Mac 374 Bewerno-Puavixay Elephants Bilin Daly's,Mik, 173284 Bin trees 77 Penal do Pars,for 405Rheum Einbrosation ‘and Spraing, 154 Enbretiery, to Clean, St Eialsions,fnvoluntary, 198 EEnamel ine Water,for Cooking 299 Utensil, 809, 888 Palak toy S 0 3 ENAMELLING, $90240 Varah fn ngraye, tn Aguatits, eS ‘Mezzotinto, 421 on Char Oscar, 422423, fnoh Dresious Stones, Ste), fnWood, Sting, 2023422 ENGRAVING, 419 418 ‘rom Puotograpbs, Engraving, Cleaning Iranafet, and Preserration of, 428 on aso Bolargemeat of ‘Tonsil,Spermatie128 Yoln,107, 194428

126 Eolian Harp, to Uvula, make, 454 Hpllepay, 156 Beysipelas, 138 Eatonce of Cadrat, 20 Lave Neral, 291 Pots269 Grains, 201 Bssential Oils, Brenna, 419, 422 Either,to’ make, 281 Eril, the‘to Purity, King’s 281135, Exorelse, 185 Expectation ofPille,Lie,159,459 Expectorant Extracts, Toilet, $04 yo Waters, 187 of the 125, Inflatmation Ryolids, Infamed, Remedy for, 57 yes of tho Morse, 108, 114 Hycsight, to Preserve the, 186 Bas Sines 360 actos Liquors, Fainting, 126Photography, 417 Fallow, Conduct a, 15 Fauistiedto Persons 09 Iestore, 463, Fans for Cloantag, Grain, 18 Furey, 108.

MACKENZIE'S* THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 1856 Spray, 178,288 oul Air, Suspended Animation from, 151 FARRIERY, 104 tSngerbread, o Cay, out Rosie, to Ventiat, 108 Futtening Hoge, 02 Bain, 200, 228 Foundered fest, f108 240 Poultry, 82 ‘Poundeate, Fowl, ales 80, fas Feathers,Dye,to 823,Cleanse, 913 Short 228 Ghote of 28 Bote 224,without Batter, 200 Treatment of 85,116 Gingerbread ‘Wild to Cate, £02 Post, to Ke Glande, Bescrnes He Todared, 188 ‘Disease of fa the Horso, 18 landers, 16 rangipual T o l e 807 elon, 142,185, Ges, 0 300Annes,401 Fron 360 435 Fats, Diseases ov, 165 Funtive Mixromss, Fenwestarion, 251, 254, 201, 202 tnd ‘roach Yall, Polity28Sut Poreclatn, to Paint and Stato, 406, 408 Rortlizerg 11 123 to Draw on, (07 Raven, Bilious, ‘Stor Tigh il 9for Stvering, 370 Brose St fom Saly tectie, 124 123, Ground, to Tntate, ‘Fresh Water 179 Intermitiont, In'Tmitdtion ot aut, 423Stones, Mill 168, 168 Fricassco, 209 e n e Preions 408 ‘Puerperal, ‘rietion for Ruoumatism, oto, 162, 185 Ponder Pling by a2 Romittent, 123, to 19lessen, 47, 438° re , in any Roguied Way, 408 Scarlet, 137 Pritts, ‘to Clean, 409 Nie i Simple, Inflammatory, 128, Frogs, fo Cook, 232 to Dry 490 ‘Typhoid, 124 Proatbite, 151 topoor Bich upon, 422 424 ‘Typbus, 124 in Frutt Pre 6 fo Laaen Bilborts, to Keep, 87 in Potatoas,288, 38 to 402,Oroatben, in Tuition of Bagravin Film, or Cataruct in the Horse, 108, ‘Fruit Hasences, 407, 4 aad Filter, for Corrosive Liguids, 488 {0 Protect, from Tnseot, 71,450 to Pas, 451 Bluing of Spirits, 285 ‘Trees, 67,69, 10, 15,76, 77 to Pulish and0 Grind, 402 ‘Wines, 274 Sots, to Remove, 314 fs Siver, ‘Fininga, tv make and Apply, 274 to67, Remove, 314, 436 JarsGraton ike Chinety 184 to make,458 ‘Winos and Spirits, to Boree down the, 27° Fruits, Blaing, 85, 86, 88 Glaziers, Fires, Glasings for Eurenware ete, 896, 998 Co ‘without So Pieters) in loDirestd,ller38ie4s, to Extingatsh, 250 Qualities of 260, 251 ‘Gloves, toDyo,Clean32 35 in Hay-stacks, to provent, 480 to Pack, 87 ‘to to , iu Ch402imne 460 Fromenty, 197 to Proparo Skin fo, 880 to ExHscutipe ngfruiom ys sh , Frying, 190 tu, 354, 538 Biroproot Dresses, 437 Yael, Cheap, 95 “Ligue, $56394 PaWopor, 437 Falling Clot, et, 310 Mating, ody 437 Fuulgation, 163, 164, 438 Goudby's Baletion, 435, of, 249, Fiewonxs, 384 Fuudament, Paling of, 17. Goats F e s t , Qualitioe FuFi smxe, 448 Furnace, Sdnd-heat, to make s, 278 Shine,Musas, 389 176 sh Bones, to Extract, when swallowed, 158 Furnaces, Portal, 278 Godtolts ullars, 445 ture, Oi, 380 Godtrey’s Cordial, 173 to Cure, 04 Paste, to make, 319 Goites, 138 Poisoneus, 163, to Clean, 486 (Gold, ‘stay, AmalgomS67of, in the Largo epWay, 810 Qu‘to alCoitokic,e 19of,1, 242008 ‘Varnished, to Polish, 349 Pers, to Preserve, 450 Lace, to Clem, 314containing, 367 to Presteve with Sugar, 239 ‘ P u c e l Ou, 255 ‘et and Earths Pusibte Beta, 309 Poisoning by, 152 intula,to 14Ke2 ep Fresh, 464 itr in Chil 172 pot “Varvinh Mast, toformake, Grinding8 Colorg, 345, Eaten clr, toio ae Prepare, ropa 860 Fixed Oils, dr30en1 , Bowe ElBlannel Cakes, 20), angina” {of2 Dissolve infomAqua Regio, $79 annels, to Wash, 464 Gardeners, Practionl Diteetuns to, 00 Soarate Gil, Copper and Sve, Flat 11, 170 Ganvexp 8 * FlPl avulorenincegs, for Tmitatod Wines, 267 Varnish,133, 381 ax, to Cultivate, Dros, ee, 42, 43 Gonorrhea, Flea to Dest 450, Goodillow's, Are, Lemon Pudding, 222 FlHious,r dali, roy,304 ‘Meter, to Read, 450 Goose, Choice of 242 of, 69, 76 e, to Remove from Rooms, 96 toute, 480 Gooscberzies, Cultaro Biab 450 Geese, to Chovse, 403218, Gooscberry Ghease, Greon, 100 Floors, “Cement to Stain,for,457382 les, ome, Arise, Gout, 134, 162. Penney Remedy fr, 161 Goms, to Engrave, 423, hee Florida 30 191 Genova, Lnglish, to wake, 282 oornd,ial, 12to make, 161 Flounders, Water, to Cook, ontias! Water, 296 L o t i sePowdor for, 460 lou, Chat in, to Doteat, 438 ‘Wing, 160, nd la rt Po to Improve, 88, 98 Goraniuing, 89 PrRhadteieumr’atsio,Cata196plasm for, 459 to Prowerve, 96 German Silver, 872 Flower Gardening, #4, 88 Uild by Busnishing, 318 Grasting, 03, , 65 Flowers, Balbous, to Accclerate, 67 ‘wages of Paper, 877 ‘WDaaswiag15ed9, to Correct, 90 ‘Faded, toto Restore, 84 {Giats and Porecain, to, 376 n, ai Gr Dry,af202 Ketter, 877with 01,377 toHenpiog Prosrvoboforefrom Ripe, Vertis,31 98 {for Distillation, tn Wood, to Grow ia Winter, 82, 88 Big340-379 Sati Tory, es ly Hydrogen Gas, 77Grapes, to tokeep, Uukivat, 78 to Preserve, 87 Giang, 88 Fluor Atbusy 160, Tictroy 875 Sugar ftom, 293 Plax, 130 Hie Gravel, St Bluxes, 303 Towellery, 870 Remedios forthe, 131 Boils, 373, Bolution, 275 ‘Walks, to make, 60 ‘Fomentations, 154 Cations to, 185 Gravy, 216, 380 ooo, Quavities oy, 247, 251 Wamish for, 316 ‘Cakes, 194 of Plants, 9 Gin, to Prepare, as in Holland, 282 Greaso, in Horses, 108, 118 Foreomeat, 218; T u s t a e , 288 ‘pote, $12,814, 438, Eoralgn Spirit, to Tmitato, 281 Gresian Painting, 339 Boretolling tho Weather, 489 "Nuts, 202 Groen, Chrome, 438 Borges, Water, 300, Pop, 237 ‘Golare free from Arsenio, 388 Fothergill Process, 414 Powers, 438

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Louse, to make, 61 338 288 infrth, Bickuase, 168 Grindstones,to'mako, Gripes im the Tore 105458 Griping ia Childres, 170 Grottocs, to Busbellib, 460 Ure, to10,11 wake, 77 Guano, Haus Lendvin, Oi of, to obtain, 20 iastie, to Dissolve, 330, 354 the Yellow, 170 Gun Barrcls, to Brows, 819 Cotton, ‘a288a Filter £33, Goment, Explosive,358,334 ‘Link's, 384 Soluble, 408 Mets, $7 ower, Yo 384veauler Tncombustiblo at pleasure,

to205Clean, 486, Tiyet ter for the,ve,$08 ewaouy, sey rdiv to803Remo 305 Supc es, at, Wash iucs of 218 Hams, toQualCure, OL207 {0{0 Cole 230 d Animation from, 151 Sate ende ing, Susp Hang , ,Paper, to Iestre, 14 gingMeese Stan oo r, 300 sry te omga Wate Mare row Mar shorn 18Jelly, to make, 285, Hart of Too, 203 Hash Mats, ‘SeaDyey to324 Clean, 318 4st ace,r, to ing 40 Hay 9 Mak Save 123from Piro, 459 to ns, asbeMSta,to'ck Usto Head Hea ,bccs128,rnva101rion on, 183 butn eartts, o, of, 227 , Papito tati Heart th, S31 d Against, 133 Paint Hear g, asiv Guar fo Hacw at, o Pever , 234 lnes siti j, e-ho Usta Uesg ,31 of the, 20 s,, lor sage Gras elt e, ked,89. 107 Helctrop ng Teeth, 157 esire vate Pali 40, HeaplsgePtoroces Caltaftr of e,Gra16,ssi88ng,AL Proposet Merb, toto Dey , es 139 88 Herp ngs,ato Care, 04 Heri g m iceap, Mi123Chikeen, 288170 , 138re, BoraDinea era 135 joint Hip y 104 Cobbette iver, Teaug eteati’s, 104 , HivestouThorn leys€2 ,Cant108y, 238 oss Chap oaks dge,pel,215,107217 Hoag,e-Po 117 92 Cholera, og on, Fitt Hogs ,head116, Hoge ! 121 Chess, 199 Hogeiey, 98 Mows Clarige,fy, 240 Money, to to Mana 102, Water 253, 05

1857 Hoot-bound, 108 Hooping-eosgh, 172, 173 Hops, to Cultivate, ee,3, 44, 45 toto Choose, Keen, 260,353. Horn, to Dyo Various Colors, 27 Monsis, ‘Anbary, Absoeses fay 108 or Wart fo, 106 Balling with Saw 114 Balls for, 100 ladder, inflamed, in, 108 Bleeding in, 110 Blsading, €9 Stop, i, 114 $Blistaring Ointisent for, 108 Bog Spavin Bone Spavin in,fa, 106106 Bote 100 Bzokeain, Kes 107 Broken Wind ia,in, 107, Duras or Sealds in, 107111 ‘Gane in, 107 Catataet (Chapped fn,Jocks108, in, 107, oid in, 107 Gonvultions Goras in, 107 jo, 10%, 112 C(Graaked ough is, 107, 110 ects in, 107 Carts io, Diabetes 107i 108 Diseaso of Het 5n, 118 Diuretio Drink for,Balls10 for, 113. Dyzontory, 109, Eyes Barey of,in, 108,108 114, 462 Yever in, 111 Foundored Fest fn, 108, ‘Glaniters, 118, Grease, 108, 115 106, Grecn Ointivent, Gripes, 108, 112 Hoot BoatBevrels, 103 105 Tnitaaued Talased Lage, WS, 10, 114 Soundive, Lauenese, 11 1 Lawapas Tasity in,i, 108108 Tock-Jaty, 115 Looseness Mallenders, in,108110 Mange, 05, 111,100114 Molten 1Grease,

Yeo Taker, 468 Parga 105,110 Phrging aa 108, 120 Gago 200 100 Bingefone, Rujtare, 1a100 allies, Banners 109 Berntouedlicele, 114 Shosing Biting, in 108Winter,114 Bites 109Drvises, 108 Sores and Sparin, 10010 Bloggers Staling Brotueely, 21 String 200, 114/118 Burangle 160, Btcangury, 109 Sorte, 1tt Tet, ‘Tetanus or Lock Jaw, 115 ‘Thea 100, 214 to Tike out of108a Stabo on ire, 462 Gosundness, Vives, 109 Wart, 108 Wingate 109111 Waring, 105, Wounds 105, 109

MACKENZIE'S Honttovrzuns, Hot houses, 67 60 Tot-bede, 60 Hortus Sieou, 450 ‘Mouses on Fire, How to Escape from, 402 Hoven inintiog, Catt, $2721 Manus, @ Huager and Thirst to Restore Famishel Petone, 46 Honpary Waters, 295, 304 MUSBANDRY, Tipplemente9 of, 18 TToxham’s Tincture of Poraylan Bark, 176 Mydeaulie Comment, Uyarogen, 433 $52, 466 Hydrometer, Aydrophobin, 43015 Hyeteris Fits, 165, 167

Ten, to tomake, 98, 435Persons from Broken, 181 Bstresto Feoina Dover to Peocare 05,435 Cretn, Watr-ice, 295,386, 257 ous! Porta $4 for Culinary Purpose, to Produce,95 Icing for Cake 2 0 " Tesland Moss134Brea, 98 Trsfoteney, Iclorvs, to62 Form, 5% Tirarehing) Tucombustisle Wood, 497 Dresses, 437 Tncontinense of Urine, 182 Tadelitle Writing, 43? Tuli Sbicht to Prepare Varnish for, 51 Tndiga, for Dyeing, to ropa, 316 ‘paper, 200of 316 Solution Yotamtsation of the 284Diadder, 292 tBrain, o Ditninish, 12 Hse, 135 4Ghibds, 56, 125 138, Sutestines 129 Kidneys 1a Liven 188 128 Stomteby ‘Trot, 128 adia.rullen Solvent fon, 839 ‘Varnish, 45,548, Biscking, 839 Ceinoat, 354 Indias coro, Bulutions 21,460 of 354 Tatian-cors, Pone, 107 Indigestion, 128 HMedeines for, 168160, 161 Injection, Laxative, Tastruments, Maes,Aids,to Sto, $23 INKS and Wriing 388 nk, Indelible 396fur239Writing on Tombs, ate, 381 Perpetual, Pamir, 859 Prlnters 350 Markiog, to Teke361 Out, 389 Hortcaltora, forTualan, ino toLabels, make, 20%36

Persian Poder for, 419 ‘Stings and Dites, 245, 173, Tatermittent Fever, 122 of, 129 Intestines, Toflatination Tntosieation, odie, Tincture179 of, 187

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

Isish Whiskey, toS18Enitato, 289 Iron, Acetate of iteato of 318 363 Ores, tose, snd Sted), to irown,381, 819 to protec Caet, Cementco Preserve, for, 383 458 Polit, to Plate to‘, 380 380 ‘Voitly “tReduce o ep from Rust 464 381. re, to into Mallee, {oSbingle Now Way 81 {eSiardcoing We 381andof, 381Sfanutactar intoCopperSto,ox, 381318 {otoeatConvert Depuat fon fo 433Remove, 313 Mould Nami toor woketot Tinglasjlly, , 1 Fanti ase’ Rebing Tyory, 0fo 187 Gia, 77300 Bleach, ‘Asta 358 Colors, 828, Dye Various Moda of Slvering, 4 raneparent, 330 Sely,1E Tam, Siranberty, Raspberry to 2make, 23 Sopan-Uask, 38Tos Trey, 458 Tepanaing Gil Fatndisin'the20 lors, 111 Fessamino-water, to Prepare, 204 TeliyTsnplay, 8 ‘Apple, 230, Curren, eto, ole, 235-237 Harishor, Civ, Goonsbory, 238"295,250 Ivory, Itt 257 Plnegppie, Punely Raspberry,231 297 236Common, 972 Sowsly,Strawberry, Meta fr Bateuy for,34 409 Toskey. Teint, ‘Wounds Carding in,8 195 Saja Pate, 238 Teas, 208,228 ‘unipery Gopound Spit of, 295 Kal, Sou, 307to Cultivate, 82 Kalydor Redes, Ten Nuegayy to Roep 304fm Rust, 464 Kewagerden Kidney, Lndanumation of 181 Kid-Skins, 389, Kirelirasser, 283 Kite adding, 198 King’s Evi, 135 Keuee.juint, Dropsy of, 185, Kalvos ani Burks, to Cloan, 458 ‘nundles, Kyirris, 48) Ivory, to Bleaoh, 350 Ksors, 70, ie, 440, Kwatily’ Kasttien’s Oil Metalto frProoure,Tianing,291 372 Kyun's Autiseptio Hud, 459. Lattanusn Plaster, 174, 176 Labareaque’s Tice, to Waal Solution, 310 126 ‘Valls, White, Clean, 311, Bask toto Clean, 310 Point, to Cleva and Starch, 811 and Buobroidery, to Glew,345, 814346 Lackers Goldof Various Tints, make, Lacquer, Lascuurhs, for Brass, 5 115

1858

MACKENZIE'S

Liquors, Factitious, 287 Lakes, 08, 336 for, 288, Taager Lishon Bou Dist258 drink Tama, Cailets, Qsor, ualities 257208of 247 LITHOGRAPLY,, 439 Lithograph Inky 134 Kilns, 204 Pencils, Lamps, 108 for Dyeing,224 {intaps to Provent betng Poraeious to Asthmatio Litmus, Paper 0 of the 128 185, orton, Taathiation to Brovont Sina 6 458 Tock jam, 137 Pats, 400 Lampblack, 328Management of, 9 Tookingrats Kan Arable, ooking latesteiRepaln toate to270, $02 Landi, Clay, Cheaiesl, to Underirain, £5, 50 Yandseape, 202 fey to Cla, ican, 30h Pusoniog by, 152 456 Tobatre,td to Poy}, 2at Laudanin, 1 268 Tnughing1 Chota vender,petges, Oi 160,208 of433 (Foreign, to obtain, 291, totter Salat ution 22 Wate, to Peopass, 178, 298 Loosen {6 Chesk, 130 286 {brt Innediate Usb, 298311 Tovage Gena to tke, Lawns, Wash and Stareb, IvanTokLiworbes Sat10 Tax, 10 Solations, 158, 175 Pest Lazuive samt bec Layering, 2to Assay, 364 letting ead Ort, 24,ioe Tambo, Comeau, 1 6 2 ‘Chins Teta for,Shest, 438 to Prepare, 282 Tanger the Horse, 108 Eatig foreeirafting, Chromate of 84 459; Laing Cy, 468 Paper, 280 ‘Lye, to make, 311 Pensil Drawings, et, to Roeser, 850 sd aig 3k Musadamized Roads 454 saving 190”by, 162 ‘Macaroni, 195, 208.7 Water, ftSu Flta treeto idsPrepare the, 880 ignn e,20 220 Grat Leather 347 in srith Breesng Macaroon‘Eog {0 Chany for, ak 459 , liabCrea 224y 202n,288 220 10 Tendes Waterproof 6, 349 Macaoral ssnr, Di,te, 300 Tather‘hoep, Chairs,to toPrepare, Restore387,the Baokmes of, $50 Mesk Maier, to Cstvtoate,Cure18 94 Moroco, to Mawufastor, 988 310,t {oto Convert Oldfrom Purchnest Sat, 390 wanogy aly‘teens Prowrve Mout 990, itsof, U8 ‘Moroseo andManufacture, Sheep, to Dye388 358, 390 Made ira Wine , to 260 275 Tussi, te Angabogee,aoy, Ga to Coley 390 to To Stin heaven, Dread, 07 Sotation, 164, 438 oot of,a315, Malo Feray Reme ly for Kedayea's Disnfoting Worus Mallenders, 108 baa Teoeks, Application sf 150 aca Maly 268, 358 Kemonado, Portable, 300 esE50l,Ore 1551 eon “ules, CordialPreservation to aoa, 290of, $57 Assay,388 Beebo Ganiyy 284 Mange, ange, 108 108, tf 104, 1, 16, Water, to Proyrs, 206 Mao bei n Gols, Leprosy, tion fay 180 ra” Manur,10 187 22-26 1 4? Teprose Altations, 136, Bona e,Gard 2 en, Fetters to Disinfect of tho Plague, 106 for 60 Kescorrhas, 100 Ta gu a Tae for Labreoting, 847 Mi nt tt Tice, to Destroy, £40,Doth, 40 gun , IL tig’ Soup at PlasteYor29, Tit spectation of, 152Artiola, 468 Bot Viteooal 1815 Light, Spre adintog tenoof,vat, 29 Lightning to aed gatas, 42 Man osr ips , Tl as“Yo Burny Manto,Without itn, 2¢ 889 Maple Sugar, 52 o Marccbivo Codi 299 Tuloe, to Preserve, 457 Marb le ‘eme to nts Clean,frsieote, ino Engraving, 410 £23 955 Tinea Measurouent, Mari ne Guo, 360 Linen Cloth to RenderTor Waterproof 247 Masking fois 360 ete, tom, to Thicken, 247 “ot he out, 14 to Remove Sereens, Trom-moulis S18 Proo 432 f, Mildew oo, touke Out, S14 Menfari 238 t alud Fieo-proof, 437to Dye, 820 l, 222, 298 and Gotony Mast 258 i, inimens,‘of Atomtniy, Compote 178Sony, 173 Maton, 984 Matt ing’ateGola,210918 Linseed Boulicg, 1bL Nayons ye, 215, Eipetalvo, 174 Sauc Ligoeces, to make, 264 eed, 258 Kiquid snore, 25 Men tosbug , ,00 to Water, 61 aot nth Devingo to make 847 Mea tyworse, trast of to m a l , 234 Measles, fses, seer, to make, S85 Mea svt Touengee, 2 3 4 Monsorng 427tes, 18, 261 edna, to Propar, 235

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

ofa Yaar, 429 «20 Stony aif {oGayPreserve withoat ab Toe 68 Balt to Freshen, 463, oe of, 248, 249 MadatytofoQualities Cony S16 Brome, 318 expr 2 5) Domest, 18ff Mowrshanm, Halon oe a8 sans, irregular Growth aft Provan Means, tho, 166, 1¢t, oa fer

670

Moreu'y,fo Parity, Poioniog by, 162 4, 40 ‘et fo, 138 to Proteot Gilders from Effects of, 185 Meringues, 227 362 METALLURGY, MetalioTnjction, 370 Metals, ‘tVeltse, Protection of#11870 o Glan all wort of Mozzoting, 421 Mildew,To 29Itemore, 314, 437 Mak, Qian of 09) aed ta dt 00 24 Crean, abuse, teot fn fos Dural Winer,88 Rose, 308 Fever, Pane 1682006, 458, 469 st 2, Pies 198 Morena Warns, 800, Mint, tof, 201 MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS, 48 Mock a r i l , 218, 231, 292 Moleée 373 Molybdate of Metaligus, Amtonia, 318, ‘Mont 20s Water, 800 Monty Sickness, 106334 Montpaltior Yellow, Morooso 886,816,346 390 Mordants, Mortar, $82,388133 Mortifeation, Motaie ‘make, Gol; 36,$63.393 Moss, any 2,228 Land to Kapron onto Trey, toaay,Dastioy, 78 Moths Drive 480 ‘Mother of Bean367 to Hitat, 952 Mouth Wash, Mocwasiwoce Fixe Ons, 201 Mul, 201‘ree, onto Cultivate, 69 ‘Cough Mixture, 190 dante Metab313 371 Marexido, SMuriats td 208 abel and Poriwinen as food, 260 ‘Mushroom, 79,196 hist, 214 Muah 197 Mak Mistare, 126 06 Mustard, to Celtivate, DMustoatTnatramont, Matto, uae oy 08eo Stan, 826 Leg off 208, Shoulder {0 Chooso, of,218,204 Myrtle AYAnglaic, Water, 204 208

Napoleons Pils, 169 Nafen ‘Yellow WavesPectoral 300 Nature rong 33425

1859 Neatefoot Oil, 302 Nectar, 202 159 Nettl-taab, Neuraigia, 197, 162 Neutral 287 388, Nickel Ore,Spiit,to Assay, Nightmare, 161 Nipples, Sore, 168438. Nitrous Oxide, Noodles, 193 Noto, blooding of, 125

owoxtous Ina Vapors, of, 18498 145 Neyo? Nelmops, Nuow sotOlof 01

MACKENZIE'S.

ie Dye 386 Prose, 418 Photogeaphio Ottogen,of Roses, £65 m 433 Oxpmel Suis,101 17 Oster, ofto Bey, foGormChoate, 248 andy 219 Pan, 101191 Pickle, ous Beollep, 191101 181,191 ple, tondBtéw, ton, teatCatides, for, 259 Qualities of, 249

Paint, Cheap, for Outside Work, 405 Painter'solla,Cream, 31 to make, $18 PAINTING, 827, 465 ‘on Glass, Patatings, to Cleanety and406 Restore, 89 Paints, 027, 465, “ola, Solvents for, 39 Ploxible, 47Wood-work, 847 {for Coarto Palpitation, 127 Paley, 136: Panada, Pancakes,177,199 219 ‘Paper, to Gild the Rages of, 877 ‘OILS, ‘Adaltertions Essenvids, nro,of 202 289 ‘Fire-proof, 437 toHangings, Remove toSpotsClean,of Grease from, S14 Bositiv, $51, 840 314 Euraitre,to'make, 850 ‘Water-Proof, 358 Fixed, gO Parehinent, 436 atSosebenut, Sweet Almonds, $02 for Dranghtemes 301 ‘racing, 425 Brick, 203 Popior-Maché, 350 Maf-not, or Patohment, Old, to Convert into Leather, 390 Maco, 301 ‘to make, 389 ‘lives, or Sweet, 201 to Dye, yarious Colors, 328 Castor, lad, 300 Paper,188 430 to‘Mista, Pasty, 120303 Parogoria, Parsley, Qualitas of, 250 in Guernsey, 40,280 Croton, 301 Paranipo, Modo of Cultivating Rape, to201Pasify, 801 Parting, Process of, 187, Pasey Water, 800 Vogeubi to ary, 201 Paste, noche, Liquid, to225make, 255 Watshimakers, 308 Cosh toto Clarify, 302 Chinoso, to make, 358 Test, 481, for Arolal Gems, £03157 ng 851, 340 ‘Ward's, for the Pies, PubnEi aad8 ante, 202 SOL Baring 39 ‘Animal, Ha, ot, Orgeat, Hogsto Party lard, 202and Bleach, 802 Puli, 26 200 ‘aspberry, 237 Bpertnacai, to Rafing, 308 Bhort, 230 ‘Trotter, or Neatefoct, 302 Greenland Whale and Beal, to Reding, 802 Pastle for30 Tarts, eto, 198 to Bxtract from Stoneor Marble, SLL PASTRY, zre,,of, Qualities of, 250 out of Boards, 438 Patehoull Oi 201 Wisb to Pury and Apply the Ras to Pte do Guimauve, 298 Useful Parpoces,302 e Jujube, 338 868 tofor Provent becoming Rancid, 308, 466 Pattingon’s Prootss, making Hard Soup, to prepare, 302 Paunching in Cattle, 116, Ointments, 174 Peach, Culture of 68, 77 Oto Broth, to make, 205 Omelet, 212 Peaches,‘Brandy, Brandy,283,282289 287 81 to Purity, 402 Pearlash,‘Powder Onions, ‘Bouts, to Cultivate, for the Paso, 237 Spodelice 11 Pearly Lustre, to Produco, 292 Opium, Peisooiog by, 152 Pears, Culture of, 380 (Optical lasses to Polish, 402 Pong; to Raise, 3 (rvide, S71 o Keep ro Mico, 80 Ors ‘ndRaasy, Now Bras, 963, {to Bol 195,1 20 22 K e r t h y containing Gold, 307 ormol, oF Mosaieto mals, Gold, 368260, ities of, 250 Grange ‘Marmalade, Condit, ‘and Bacon, to Cook, 191 232 Peat, at Manure, 24 Blower Drops, Water, 234204 Pats, 95 Peotoral Lozenges, 176 Panto fr Hands, 308 Pelisses, to Seour, 12 238, 2256,70 Poneil Drawings and Writings, rebar,to Candy, to Manage, Pennyzoyal, Of of to Obtains 201to Preserve, 250,

tooat, Dye 3282 Gat at 38Genin a8 of, 250 Oxtmo rae ib to Romer, 185,438 Oise Unpanan Oitan “ari War Calor (ee Coons) 352 of Glen, 288 AWing lSarge a, das8 Peas, 289 ie dimaa 3 Geri Macas

THE SURVIVOR Vol.

4

Pepperatot, 298to ake, 298 PP Bio iates, Sprit, Gimp Brose Bat208 alt to Prepay Depperpet, 18289 Perennials, PERFUMERY, 303, ery, toan make, 206 PernoueunyBary451 Tincture of, 175 Powter 300;to Pharaoh's Serpent's Begs, ME 464 Pheastata, Breed, 92 ns “Roxsy 210to make, 408 hia), Bologas Phllcomes PPhilosophical hilips Rees305Inseuments, for Healt, 188hacker for, 46 Phosphoros to Preserv, 488 "Patcang by, 158 Photogeivanogsopb, 419 from, 418 Photographs, to Engrave Sn Potala, PuOToGRAPHY 400Imperfections, 417 ‘allures and Photlthogeaphy, 7418 Photorincogeephy, Plot 08238 Prexung,“Alieiat Anchovies, 289 Grumbers 238 iMashtosne, n Bene, 250 288 Onions 288238 Preeti, Salmon, 250238 Sampo, Sourkroct 23828 Seod-wiony toSratnut, Detst White, Copper in, 439 298 Petre,Ws Restore, fo Coan, 939288 to‘Ancient; roert,t'Restore 389 the White of, 399 an Wax, 830and Oyster, 211 Pies Ueeienk heken, 211, 212 Crash 18 Gini 0188 Mince, Oyster 23211 Porgeed, Pigson, $10 i ita, 214 Pore’ 211 Rhubarb, 299211 Homprtea Pig, Age eased, atti21 208 Pigeon, in Gauthier 200 ‘Botta, io A cate, 462 10210 Roasted, Pie to210Cure, 96 Pitehards’ Piles, 142,137, 198,162, 164 OWants intincat Past fo 12 for,198, 157 Biectury for, Pile, Aperient &Compound460,161 Aloeti, 158,178 Aloctio ana Myer, 113 ‘Anstetign, 11 Blears atpound Coleeyath, 158 Aloetic, 158, rr Compound Rhubarb, 198 SSzpectorany 159 Napoleon's Botaral, 150 Atte, 3 Vimenio, Oil371of, to Brovice, 291 Pincha ‘ineepplo Rom, 280

1860

MACKENZIE'S

Selly, to Reise,231 71, 72 Pinery, to Manage a, 71, 72, ‘Pinkks,Saucers, 89 885 Pipings, a Modo of Cultivating Plants by CutPippins, fing, 73 05 Pismires, in Grasy, to Provent, 33 Puscrovuuns, Pistachio, Cream,448 235 ‘Pitsh 174 Substanoos of the, 164 Plague,Plaster, to Disinfect Plant, to, Shrube and Trees, 66, 68 Plants, ‘ato Choose, Accelerato, 60 in Hot-houses, 67 Tnsocta on, to Destroy, 88,39, 7,72, 16,19, 64, 80, from 440 Frost, 75 to 83,Broservo to Proserve from Sluge, 450 Plaster, ‘Gompound of SpanishBurgundy Flies, 174Pitch, 174 ‘Labdanu,176 Adhesive, 178 Court, for Bi 358

Pork, Qualities Pies, 211 of, 249 toholes Gale, of,239 242, 248 Catets, 208 Port Wine, 260 Portable Lemonade, 300 Porter, to Brow, Loudon System, 254 "three Darrelandof,Malt, 254 255, from Sugar to makos Butt of Stout, 260 to Hottle, 262 Ripen, if352Flat, when Bottled, 268 Portlandtt Cement, Gout, 460294 Portugal‘Powder Water,forto thePrepare, Posset, Ale, 200 Potatoes,Die Culture Creme, of22084, 36, 79, 466 Be Maitee d'fote, 219 fand Greens, 195, Balls, Bread 195 from, to make oiled, 198 old, Fried 105 Early, to Produce, in Great Quantity, 36 ecaloped, 19 Plate, to, Looking- glasses, 970 ‘Fourteen Ways of Dressing,198 ta Clean, 31, 460, ‘ried in Sees, 195 Plated Copper, from, to Obtain Silver, 79 Mashed,Onions, 195 195 Plating, Mock, to Propare, 371 ‘with Prarino,“Blostro, $15 376 Frosted,‘Whole, to Use,195 8, 196 ‘to male Starch of, 28, Plourisy,Bilver127 Solder for, 369 Trish Method Caltivating, iambers, Paintors,end Glasiers, Cautions to 164 Modo of Takingof upand Surring36 the Crop, Plums, Culture of 0 38 195 Masha, "Piokded, 281. Poisoned Wounds, 145 Pio, 198 260, Bibron’s Antidote for, 450 Qualities ofof, Seed Quantity Roasted, 195, fur, 34 Pomows,‘oea,151-153 Snow, 105 Aids,162 151 for‘to Bol, Sta Provisions, ‘Aleaies, Mealy, 195, to Keop, 196 ‘areonio, 162 {0 Caltivate, 24 ‘Antimony, 182 Copper, 182 to‘to Grow BxtractConstantly Alcohol from, on the283Same Pieoo of Hesnloc, 183 Ground, 36 Yaudanetn, 162 Lead 122 toto Propars Prasorve thofromGround Frost, for,$8 34 Tonar Causti, 162 to Preserve, 36 Meroury, 162, Nigutabad, to Maite, Advantageous Method, 35 153 Optom, 182 Potatoes, o Remove Froxt from, 88 Phosphorus, 152 te Steam,488108 Powdered Gass, 152 otishomania, Eal Ammonia 152 ot-pio 196, Balepotee, 162, Potied Beef, 190 Salts of i, 152 Lobster, 190 Balls of Bismuth, Gold, and Zino, 168 Shad 204 180 Spanish Flies, 162 POTTERY, Spurred Rye, 188. English Stoneware, to Mamufaotare, 394 Yellow, or Queonsware, 04 Poisons,‘Pobaceo, Tondstooe, 163 Poultices, Various, 184 128 Poultry, to faten, oto, 92. 94 Polis, ‘Frenah, to, Varnish, $52 Poundeake, Plain, 200 344 200 ‘Varoished Buraitor, $49 Powders,Gingerbread, 8

Wood, 349 Brass Ormaments Inlaid in Wood, 49 Bott Bri, 109 Polygraph,Hersan at Instrument for Writing Two Lote Ouce, 459 Polypas, 185$08 Porat, Pomade japuytre, Din, 908308 Yorin Horo, 308 208 Bitte Almonds, Buck,332308 Bono, 19%, Poredlain,to allato Manofectare, 894 378 Bama fr, 391for, 891 New Bnarael toPhotogcankis Paint on, 400on, 16

“Alvotl, with Tron, 173 for Gitding, 378 Ginger 308,Boor, 438 ‘Tole, Pox, 135, Cataplaam for Gout, 460 Pradier’s Precious Stone, to Tnltate, $74, 403 Prag engrave cs 423 regnuney, Various, Diseases of, 154167 rosriptions, Pinsenvino, Bretooh’s Process,239 419 Prince Ruperts Drops, 403 Princes’ Mota, 371 413, Printing, Photographic, "fe, sao

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Nature, 425, Prints, to Bleach, 310 Pading, $13 vtithout ‘ato Wash make, Resemble Paintings,47 to Deodorize, Proofvies, Marking, 482. 165 Provisions Freshen, 463, Pruasian-Bluo,Sult, fo tomake, $30, 337 Soluble, 387, 380 fo Dye, 317 Pooas Abscess,“to 142Paint, 380 Pudding,Baked!Appl,Apple,228, 229, 229 Indian, 229 Batter, 198 Beefsteak Bide, 220 nad Oyster, 222 ‘Boiled, 109 Broad, 198, 228 ‘Brown-bread, Carrot,197 223 hese, tor 1) Sosnaba 22, 229 Cottage, 222 Greats, 220 Currant, Custard? 232 199, 222, 29 Dateh, i97 Taian, Kidney, 199, 213 220 Witebener's 198 Lemon, “Goodfellow, 198, 222, 23 222 Meringue, 198, 250 Nowensts, Newunarcet, 198198 Nettingham, Oldbury, 198 197 Orange, 229 Ping Pallett 222 ” Hie, 197, 220 Plam, Potato, 228197, 220 Potato'Rice, 197 Paompkin, ‘Queen's, 322199 Quince, 198 Rice, 197, 229 Sage, 226, Buel, 199) Swett Potato, 229 Swiss, ‘Tapioca,197223, 292 ‘Transparent, 197 Vermeeli, 198 Wedding 22 Cake, Wedding, 229 Windsor, 197 ‘White Potato,197 22 Yorkshire, Puerperal Put Paste, Fever, 198, 290168 Pallo the,Water,122 299, ‘Palas, Pumps, Temporary, at Bon, 182 Punch, 202 ‘aitk, 200, 202 Clare, 231 Fish-louse, 468 251 Paris Mla Nina, Purgatives, 168, 175 Purification of Water408, by Charcoal, 178 Purple of Cassius, Patsid Sore Throat, 126 Patty, Old, to Soften, 839 Pyrmont Water,Acid,300 208 Pyroligneous PYROTECUNY, 84 Quass, to make, 208

1861 Queen's Metal, 368 Guine, “YoMarae Keep, to make 286 Quinine Mier 124 Quittor, 109

abit Ps,dia 209Boorguingnonne, 209 abbits, adie of ala widong 82make,213 agout Asparaguy, o ‘Mushrooms, toto make; make, 213213 ‘Avichokay vos" Sweatfo bread satunost make to14 make, 216 pi te Catvat, 69 Hubert: riety 28 Creat, to make, 238 Dumplings, 105 Jam, toto make, 237237 Dats, mato, Vinoger, 257280 Ratata, 251 285, Ratlesaake' Bites, Ms Antidat for, 450 ‘ibron's Razor, "pane to Hone,for Sharpening, Stop, ea, 401461 Reading Proof, 488 Reaper I Reaping Unsipe Grain,Plaid, 31 485 Keboutsts Antsopio Ted Spier 8,Letion, 90, 154 Retrigerant ‘RetentionMistares, of Uias,133 192 Rhodiam, of, 291 80 Whubarb, toOilCultivate, Pills, 158,

Rive Cups, 228 228 Dion, Plummery, 223 Friters 235.191, 229 Pudding, Rickets, 172 Disinfostant, 166 Ridgwood's Raina, 403 201 Kige Balsam, Kunoenersn, 407;156,Ringhono, 108 Ringworm, 13%, 172 oagh Paton, 480454 Roads, to make, Rockets, 385 Land, 16 Toler, foreuch, owns ‘Contes, Cement, 228385382 Roofing, Compositionfor, for, 353 Roomey Comene 332 oot Boor, 257 a Pack, 70, 8 Roots, to Preser Tosamary, Oi of, 291 oseadaisWater Csment, $52 of, 208 Ronee Dotter 88 of 291 Milk of $08 Otto of, 468 438 Rot, Dry, 35 499, Rotation Rouge, “Jewellers, 393of Crope, 30728 Rowng, Ate OF, 453 Rao,og, Oito of,Tt 291 Seow, 281312 Ruta, Jemaien tofrounTmitat, 268 282 Molasses, Shab, 238 Uther, 288 Ruperts Drops, 408

MACKENZIE'S.

Rupture,To the140 Hog, 117 Horie, 115 ECONOMY, 99 RURAL AND DOMESTIC ‘asks, 21,Tania 202, 20Proce, 414 ‘techs ‘Ratsia Leather, Kast toveces Prevent 388 30, 351,486438 Ratabage Bye 33,460Turns, 38 Scots, Tot, 07 Bafety-matches, 986 Balfron, $24 $47 Ball-eleth,Bastard, Waterproof, Salads, 240,221, 281 Sallenders, 109 Sally Saltis Lunn, of Wild202 Duck, 209 Salmon, Garry, to Pickle, 210 289 Balt, Sprit of, 208 Ball to Freshe239 SaltingMest,of Meats, Salutary Cautions, 178-180 Bamphire, to Piokle, 238

Band pot,Crack,Portabe, 208 109 Impressions in, to Preserve, 437 Sandnihes, 220 Santon, 39 177 Barssperill, ‘Boer,to 288Clean, 316 Saraenoa, BSesanfan, Olof 97722 Bating to Gil iat 218 mal, Boar's Head, 215 Brown, 104 Brown Oyster, 214 Oster, 2 Sher y, 215194 Comma, Creat, for a aro, 214104 ream, Béchaunel, Garant Garey, 216lly, 215 Damaén,194 291 Fish, Tadinn Curry, 214 Tallonne, 218 Kitahencr’s Superlative, 213 Niverniso, Nooparel, 104194 Nun's, 218 Plain Curry, 215, Poivrado, Ponts, 1324 Poor Man's, 214 Queen's 104 Sailor's, Smoot, 104194 Sausages, 1904 Baxon or Che ‘Astiilal, Blao, 316 338 Sayce's Photographic Process, 416 Beald Bealds, Head, 123 189, 138, 112 Beale oa Plants, 90 Boller, 483of, 145, Bealp, Wounds Beaslet-fover, 197 to Tmnitat 288 Schnapps, Beiatien, 162 Befons, to Choos

THE SURVIVOR Vol. Seicrhas, 135 Boorbutio Hruptions, 154 Soounira, 312 Berapple, Berofutay 138101 Bouryy, 140 ‘Gras 1 Sprit of Sea Bathin , Substitute for, 183 Cultivate, 82 Water, 118

4

r 248° Fit for obWashing, 180 oot to atsaRende n g 18 e d us Mace, 2 8 Sealing'wa178y, 357 Beam ee, h of to Proserre Uealt 190, Beatw 160, orme, Bodative Loti 186 ‘Calaplasm, 164 Seeds, to Som, 66, 468

Seldlity‘Water, Powders,300 to Prepare, 178 Beltrer-water, 200 158 Senna, as a Laxativa, Serpents, Bites of, 145 ‘Bhad, toto Pot, 100 248 Choose, Shampoo Liquor, 305 Shawls, Silk, Sheep, Poot-rotto in,Dyo,17 321 ‘Age of, 121 ‘Maggots in, 117 Seab 118, Bking, io,to 1f,Propare, toWater Provent Gatahing 287,Cold 289attor Shearing, 117 in tho Heads of, to Care, 16, 119 Sheops Tongues, 204 Shella, to Bleseh, Sherry Wine, 289 300 Shield-budding, 63 hips, Health on Board of, to Preserve, 178, 180 ‘Hint on board,170 180 to Fumigate, to Render Sinking Impose, 162 Shipwrecks, Preservation in caso of 1 SShot hoes, to MRender etal, 360, Waterproof, 348 Shomer-bathy Bhrubbory, 88 183 Shrubs, Brandy, to make, 285 ‘Rom and Currant, 285 to Plant,104 66 Siok Rooms, Bight, Woak, Remedy for, 157 Silica, Diyness Soluble, 434of, 125, Silk, to Gila, 377 to Clean, 311 Bxtrict Grease-spots from, 312 ‘Silks, toto Clean, 312 to Bleach, $10 to Dye, 317 0Varnish Varaish,for, 318348 Stuewonws, 53-80 80 ‘ilanthus, Silver, Tost fr, 432 Tositation of, 372 Plate, to take Stains out of, 314 Plato, 379 Platiog, 375, Bolder, Solutions269 375 to‘Tree,Clean,to Prepare 436, 486. the, 81 to Recor tfom Bath, 375, 417 Pl SllverinCog Glass Globes, Liquatide 3Pil for, $70 pper Ingots, 370 316 Ble Giack, es, $70 Powders, 279

1862

Siniore,, or109 Manheim Gold, 373 Bitrat Bite, Isnglass, to make, 355 Skie, Hruptions, 156,171 Sinali -eer, Stuall-pox, 139to Brow, 256 eccnation,138 Smee’ Datery moky Chimneys,, S18to Cure, 455 Smutwater, 90, teSmall BaallBaake bites, 450 to make, 24 Bibron’s Antidote for, 450 Soap-l inimen ty 113, Soars, 208 Soapstone as a lubreator, 438 Sedncw to Prepare, 89 silaater,rte, Window-g ardening , 90 Sellingfor a1 euen ing Boi

srem enty{26 Solder,Mear 660, 372 forJointT,o , 91232 for‘Grate Sea Gora, 369360 Sard, BeivforerJowallrs, 860 Boleil, Coup de, 136 Boll Bore eLee,Sila195 134 Mtoe'i99 te,168 Zarea Sore, Dre fr, 0 Ging 9,16 a's Dres sing for, 400 Sorgh om, 0 SoutAcpardgas, 192 Settgrib rary, 102102 Gha Shop,k, 128193 Eric Chicken,18 without Chicken, 251, Gham, DeforGorn!Conv Green193atsc 's ens, Doan, 291 178 Giote 192 errso'fo 198 , dge Hodg 215, 207 Iulis 207 ne, ist Netrtous, 103 Ox-ceek 210 Oxi, 193210 Oyster, Fae eppetpob i92 123 Portal ‘Rice andBrot, Moat, 192 Beatch 03 Spring, 217 eae a Vealgrary, Vegelieand03 Vermicelf Vegetable 218 White, 210 Winter,238 215 Sour-rout, Boy, Tomato,30 250 Botodont Sponie 108,Pies, Ointmentof, 114 Spain, Bpowrtiativater, Simpl, 204 Srreivio Gnavrty, 420 Bpestacles, Use oi80 S71 Eposul, for ‘Telesopes, Bpermecet210, to 250Rebus, 301 Spinach Bpine, Crk Spins to Dist

MACKENZIE'S

eit joeenss, tlt ne peeks eg

Sprco-ber, &

Brown and White,257 Vinogar of, 177

Siatning Wood, st, 995

er aa pt Noe ee ores ee oe aoa‘Bessemer Process for, 385,

Goods, to Preserve, 301 Improv ed Mode ‘Tangsten, 72 of Tardening, 982 Color Blue, 382 {toto Distingui sh to Engrave on, from 420, Tron, 382 to Gila, $78 Vohatius, 388 ‘Varnis h for, 334464 Stoinbu Yellow, hl ‘Stereoscopio Plotures, 411 Storeotypo Plates, 300, Buereot Rapid, £25, yping, Stews, 181

for Simple Waters, 208 tnd Bites 143 Stockinge, Sil, to Clan, 312 to Dye, S21 Stomach,lampTaftamed, 128 in, 18 Stomachio 160 182 Stonein‘Artis, thePlsBladder, 3 Stoneware, 304 Bimevark Moumronet of 400 Bioppers, Ghemal, to Provent Sticking, Pe te Looe, 434 Stoves, Cracks in,ement to Mend,for, 358, 458 Btrangory, 183 "fa the100,Hore, 109 Strangles, Biraw Hels to ‘toClean, 913,215, Dye, 3 Importance of264 46, 49 Strawberry Water, Jolly, to make, 238 3em/257 to{ualtes Caltivat,ofthe,69, 249 82 te'Presc evo the, Whote, 240 a8 Sti le Btio StBiyaVitus1 Dance, 197 Sulfocation

, by Noxious bby Hanging, 151 Vapors, 151, Suffooation, Drowning, 151 Sugar, by282,Strangling 233, 234 , 163 ‘Brown, to Clarify, 238 Gandy, Cane, $2 to make, 233. 0 Obtain from Boots, 288

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Birch, Grapes, 233,233 Pears, 233 Blareh, 283, toOrnamentamake Devices In, 284 fa, 234 Sulphur in Blectrial 439 Bulphuretted Hydrogen,Machines, 433 Sulphurous Acid, 320, 433, Sunifower, the,88 Sunstroke, 138 Suppuration, 156 Surface Meamirement, 428 Swoetbreads, 200, Bwelling, White, 135.208, ‘of thoArtFest,of 167183 Swimming, ‘Sine, Age of, 121 Cholera toKidney Patten,in, 02107 Worm Measles, ote, in,in, 116,116 207 ‘Rupture in, 17 ‘Patent, Sore Threat io, 117 Syllabub, Whipped,4605to make, 3 Solid, to make, 254 Syphilis, 138 Syrup af Ginger, 176, Poppies, 177 Squllls, 17 ‘Violets, 177

‘Table Beer, 257368, ‘alm Gold, ‘Tansive, aN0100ta Taeanweyr" o” Leaman i ‘Tape Werm, aplocn, 195,225, 232 208 at Oilair, Price toPeioning Prepare, 177 Tortar Emetl, by, 152 Tans, 108 Paste for, 198 ‘Taupenots Collodiow Abumen Process, 415 ‘Toa,Bof, to make, 173 ‘Qualities ofClean, 251 458 Trays, to ‘Teeth, Cements Cutting the, 17h fr, Dinas tractionoff 358Remedies fo, 187 of, to Chesk omorrhage in, 1 ST Preservation of, 186 hago Remedies fr, 4311, 187 ‘Talegraphy Elst, ‘Taesoopee, Specule for,148 STL ‘Teadons, Wounds of, ‘Tepid Bath $10168 ‘Terrapins, Tost Papers, 299 184 ‘Tatil Caboorof, ‘eats, Choral, 432 and Copper, 432 forTron,Gold,Lead,iver, Mangenese, 02 Liquors, 289 483 ‘Tetanus, Mercury, 137 1a199tho Horo, 115 etter, ‘Thermometers 442blea de, 333 ‘Thenard Thora-hedget, 51

‘Threshing Machines, ‘Throat, Wounds ty 143,17 Foreign Garg for,Bodies 126, 159in, 153. Todammatory, 128, 159 Putri, Strjtates128,ia, 159126 Uloersted, 159 ‘Thrush ‘dug in Children, 50Remedies for, 169, 171 he Hor ®, 109, 114 ‘Thunder,in theeton 402 ‘Thyme, Oil of, 202 ‘Tio Doulouresy, ‘Tilfanies, to Wash 137and Stain, 311

1863

‘ile, a Red“ Distemper for, 331 to Presefrom ‘Tube“o'Proven rve, $52,438 r, t in, 438 ng,438 Detest 420Desay Splitti teMoansre, ‘Timothy, 16 of408Bentotn, ‘actuGaeo: 6 singer, 118 176 Guutecum , to Prepare, 261 ‘Teponics 116 Bari, Poravian 18 Rhubarb, 145,175 Senna, Tole, ot fo Ansny, 264Bute of 70 Tin Ora,{p Orames reo,to Prepare the 381 ‘Tinning, 376 = ‘Brass and Copper, Reply874 380,498 or, Metal Kuethden ’s Ting omoaing by, 159 106 by, 152 Pipe, Pleoning ‘Toadsto ol 300, ‘ollet Tomato Powders, Catep, 184, 214, 290 108 tofo Bake, Dro296 196 Boy, 9 Propar,120 866, 369 ombas, ‘Tenge Tonal, Swoten, don, ‘anu, Champagne, 205, ‘Tonics, 160, 166 ane Toothteh"Powdore e, 187 and Paste, 208 358 Cements, voor th 387 Process, 417 covey's Photoltuo grephie ‘Tortoise Shell,Actissal, to Well, 356 ‘Tourmali ne, 4236ty to Pores, 68 ‘Tracing Graft, ‘Troe oto Paper, for65, Beportat ivn, 88 68 Plant, tofo Pack Protest fom 8,Hares,82 16 Transplan to t 408 Sine ts Tasoumn a when 378i, 170 Clitato,by Cautions ‘Tropa! Electrot Copper, ‘Pubes, ype 14 254 ‘Tumors, 140,Cetnent, ‘Tunisian of 249, Qualities ‘arkeys,Ghote 3 of pay ithe Crope of, 119 Rouen Paper, 209 ‘Turmerio 176 3,468 Cera ‘Pomars Daripe, to Cultivat e

‘Turnips,Tosects Flavorfo, of38. in Butter, 96 of, 249, Qualities Hata-boge, 38 1s Remove Tasto from Butter, 08 Tamsole, ‘Turpentine,or OilLitmus of, 202Blue, for Dyeing, 324 Turtle, to Dress, $00, 230 Calls Head ‘Totania,‘wo orDrestBritannia Metal, liko, 272 251 ‘Tatenng, to Prepare, ‘Twigg’ Wale Dyo, 305,368, ‘Twining’s Yeo Machine, 485 Tying Knots, 46

ci‘Typhus Fever, 124

ieee, ‘snd126, Pimple 142, 149,156, 158Tongue, 154 on the Ultramarine, 332 ms "Ari, 388

MACKENZIE'S Underdraining, 49 Unventilated Places, o Bxplore, 436 Urine, Tngontinencs of, 152, 168 Dificulty of, 133182 Sapprestion'of, Uequebaugh, 288 ‘Uvula, Bolarged, 126

Vaosiation, 188 (64 390, Vanstone, to Polis, of,352249 Veal, Qualtion Treas, Clo, 20¢ Cale, bo mala, 205 Catie,208 252 Ragost, 208 Savory, Dishen Gelantin of to make,20204 Shoulder, vegaigcraetg ais 62 ay to Bropagate; eee ualiis of 2 450 {tato malo onder, Preserve, to(0 Clean, Protect3117 88 Spermats, 134,168 Vell, Bnlarged, to make, 300 “Arita 438 220 to Stat, Green, Veneers Warts, 9 Print 158fro, 425 Venereul VenisonPastChops, 209 Sealops108,184 208 entiation, Verbena, $0 of, 304 Verben, Extract ¥ Vichy Water, 800 Vinegar, to make, 296 ‘Aatlteration, 200 ‘Arornatio, 164, 208308, Sco or Glacial, ‘of Squills, 177 Quass, to make, 208 Maspberry, Berength of, 237" to Determine, 298 ‘Tarragon, 108 toto Deprive Puniy, 208of Celor, 28 to Strengthen, 207 ‘Vives, Caltareof, 73, 14, 265 ‘Vinous Fermentation, 251,

Violets, Bsenco of, 804 Vives, 100 Yolh-Vent, to make 211 omiting‘a Childreo, in Progwanty,178" 16

Was 202, 228, 50 Walks, Gravel, to make, 60 Wallflower, Wall Trees, 68,Bxsouco 71 of, 304 Walnuts, 19 Pickle, 299, taPaste Keep,for87 Piles, 157 Ward's Warping of Planks, £33 ‘Warts, ‘inCommon, the Horse,187 106 ‘Wateh, Vonereal, Works, Oil134 for, 303, ‘Water, Casks, to Cleab, 95 ‘Distilled, 294 Frosh, from Son, to Obtain, 179 Grusl, Pipes, to177 Manage, in Winter, 454 Bea, to Render Wit for Washing, 188 Boda, 483 if Hard or Sof, 433, to Determine toto Keep Purity,Pure437 in Iron Kettles, 404 Water-bath, Solutions for, 290 Watering fendovs, Gardene,Si 60 ‘Wall Trees, 66

THE SURVIVOR Vol. 4 Water-proof Cloth, 8175 Water-prooting, £60 Boots, 34849 Leather, Paper, $58 Waters, Simple, Hues for Distilling, 492 “heratede290 Ghalybeste, 200 Distilled, 204 Compound 209, ‘Medisinal, for, 298 toBullsPury, 438 Was, Sealing, to make, 387 ‘ordering, for Hogravers, 420 Candles, Painting toon, make, 389 459 Woather, to Foretell, 187, 439 ‘Wools, to Destroy, $9 ‘a Provent Growth of, 76 241, 427 WEIGHTS AND MRASUKES, Welding, 381 ‘Welsh 463 27, 28, 466 Wheat, Rabbit, to Cultivate asc of, 20,30 to Preserve, 08) Whips, 290 Whiskey, Pectitions, 288, 289 White Beer, 257 Beta, 869 155 Swellfag, Whites in Wonton, ‘Whitewath, to, 488, 168485 Heseubling Paint, 465 Whitlow, Treatment Wild-Fowls 9 Food, of,249142, 155, fo Salis, 210 ‘Wind Broken, to 107Capture, 462 Gall, 109 Window Glass, 00 Windows, to Keop up, 457 Wine Gardening, 00 ‘Vaults, te Manage, 275 ‘Whey, 178, 200 WINES, Axtznicay, 265, “Auerican hobey, 272 Wines, ‘anPort,Spite, to makeCellar Rough,oto 278Bt up, 276 ‘pricet, 270 Balm, 278

1864

Blackberry, 260Corking, 260 Dotiing aud Clare, 280200 Sherry, arrest‘Back, sed, 267207 Dutsh, 2207 ponent emesis, Managementof 266, 278 Biderberty 200 e oossborry, 266 267 ‘snd Curzant, Honey, 29of 274 INSeaat Saniperborty, 260 amon, 2807 Madeira, 299 Mead, 211 Matberry, 268Doras, 268 ther Bizet Poach,to 270Tnitate, 28, 200 Bort eopborry, 268 277 Redinte Waite, Rhubarb,389272 Bhorry, Strawberry, to10 Decant, Chock fe487208Rermentation of, 274 tofo Determine Quantity26 of Aloobol i, 237 make Sparkling, Vasiout Kinds, 21-275, 289 276 White, to Conrert into ied, Whordl, Gi orofBilberry, 260 Wintergreen, 202 Woud Wood, forAvital, to Dysing, Preserve,S37(964Propar 3, 382324 Desostion ofto 178Prepare, 825 TorOlt Dyeing, Ghiing on, or $77 308 fote Bye Various Eagrave on, {6 Heller tncabusbl, 497 Wood, to Polish, 819, Woot to Dye, 818

MACKENZIE'S to Bleach, 310 ‘Woollons, Undyed, to Scour, 310 ‘Fuller's Pariter for, 313 w Dye, a16 ‘Worms,to 13Pall,132,310, 158, 169 ‘inin Doge, das 108 the Tors, Medisines for, 159, 160 Wormwood, Oil of,to Procure, 292 ‘Worthlytype Proces, for Photography, 415 Worts, teto Gon Boil, 254 254 mine the Strength of, 263 to Mig the Yous wit te 284 Wounds,in 144 Toes, 76 wait 1fr Fluids, 850, 461360 the Biind, in Cypher, 489 gs Greasy Paper, 959 toto Gilg, 317 Took O14, 359 make New {a Produce Fac Similo of, 360 ont, $13to Restore, 859 ‘Writings,{0 tao Decayed, 2 Copy, 360 arm, Scour, 312159 ‘Yeast toPoultices, Substitutes for, 263 to Koop, 262 Yellow ‘Cadtniam, Fover, 123. 284 Chrome, $34 ‘Gum, do, Children, 170 ‘Montpelier, Naples, 334 334 ‘Steimbuh, $84

Late, 08 358 Zevodaite ‘ino Ore, to Varnish Assuy, 886for, 882 Dick Poisoning Palat, Dryer Deyogby, for,182Oil 340for, 840 Whit, 338