Excavations at Francavilla Marittima 1991-2004: Matt-Painted Pottery from the Timpone della Motta Volume 3: The Fringe Style 9781407313900, 9781407343501

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BAR S2733 2015 KLEIBRINK EXCAVATIONS AT FRANCAVILLA MARITTIMA VOL. 3

B A R 2733 Kleibrink 3 Cover.indd 1

Excavations at Francavilla Marittima 1991–2004 Matt-Painted Pottery from the Timpone della Motta Volume 3: The Fringe Style

Marianne Kleibrink

BAR International Series 2733 2015 09/06/2015 08:49:53

Excavations at Francavilla Marittima 1991–2004 Matt-Painted Pottery from the Timpone della Motta Volume 3: The Fringe Style

Marianne Kleibrink

BAR International Series 2733 2015

ISBN 9781407313900 paperback ISBN 9781407343501 e-format DOI https://doi.org/10.30861/9781407313900 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

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PUBLISHING

“Such ceramics should be closely studied. They are one of the major starting points for investigation into the native societies of this part* of Italy.” *i.e. the south; M.K. D. G. Yntema, The Matt-Painted Pottery of Southern Italy, Galatina 1990, 9.

Preface

This is the third volume on ceramics in a series of publications on research carried out by Groningen University in the period 1991-2004 on the Timpone della Motta, Francavilla Marittima (Calabria), under the direction of the author. 1 It is preceded by an earlier volume on a local, Oenotrian, Matt-painted pottery style with undulating line decoration, labelled the ‘Undulating Band Style’ (UBS, in Italian Stile a Bande Ondulate);2 and by a second volume, on the ‘Cross-hatched Band Style’ (CBS, in Italian Stile a Rete).3 These three volumes are followed by a fourth on the Miniature Style (MS, in Italian Stile Miniaturistico) and a fifth on the Black & Red Style (SB Stile Bichromo) and the Tent Stile (in Italian Stile a Tenda) and a final volume on the Banded Style General information on Matt-painted pottery from the sanctuary on the Timpone della Motta has been presented in the first volume of this series. The present volume, on the ‘Fringe Style’ (FS, in Italian Stile a Frange) will discuss in detail information relevant to the position of this style in the wider context of Mattpainted pottery production, and discuss the chronological information. Unless stated otherwise, all photographs and drawings (in this volume not to scale) are by the author. I am most grateful to the late director, Silvana Luppino and to the director, Alessandro D’Alessio of the National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide and to the Museum’s staff for their kind assistance provided during my study sessions in the ‘Riserva 2’. In particular I would like to mention the invaluable assistance rendered by the museum’s restorers in preparing fragments and vessels for the photographs. Without the constant support of the ‘Archaeological School Lagaria’ at Francavilla Marittima and particularly of its director, Professor Giuseppe Altieri, this book could not have been written. The English text was proofread by Gerre van der Kleij of GrondTaal VerTaalbureau. I extend my warmest gratitude to everyone.4

1 For general information see Kleibrink 1993; 1996; 1997; 2000a; 2000b; 2003; 2004; 2005; 2006a; 2010; 2011; www.museumfrancavilla.com; De Lachenal 2007. 2 Kleibrink, Barresi & Fasanella Masci 2012. 3 Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2013. 4 [email protected]

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Preface ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER I THE FRINGE STYLE AND ITS MANIFESTATIONS .......................................................................................... 5

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 1.2 An iconographic interpretation of Fringe Style decoration ...............................................................................12 1.3 Different fringe types, and possible influences from elsewhere ........................................................................17 1.4 An overview of Fringe Style motifs from Dwelling CE4 and the sanctuary on the Timpone della Motta ..................................................................................................................................................................................17 CHAPTER II ASKOI DECORATED IN FRINGE STYLE ..................................................................................................... 22 2.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................................23 2.2 Fringe Style askoi from the Timpone della Motta ...............................................................................................24 CHAPTER III LARGE CUPS WITH ONE (ATTINGITOIO – DIPPERCUP TYPE) OR TWO HANDLES (KANTHAROI) IN FRINGE STYLE ........................................................................................................................................... 35 3.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................................................35 3.2 Fringe Style dipper cups and kantharoi from the Timpone della Motta ...........................................................39 CHAPTER IV MINIATURE AND SMALL CUPS IN FRINGE STYLE OR PLAIN ...................................................................... 75 4.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................................................75 4.2 Ritual sets? ..................................................................................................................................................................77 4.3 Miniature and small cups from the Timpone della Motta ..................................................................................78 CHAPTER V MINIATURE AND SMALL MUGS/JUGLETS IN FRINGE STYLE ................................................................... 100 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 100 5.2 Mugs/juglets in Fringe Style from the Timpone della Motta.......................................................................... 101 CHAPTER VI CLOSED VESSELS IN FRINGE STYLE: JUGS AND JARS ................................................................................ 118 6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 118 6.2 Closed vessels in Fringe Style from the Timpone della Motta ............................................................................... 119 CHAPTER VII VARIA ....................................................................................................................................................... 147 7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 147 CHAPTER VIII TABLE I: LIST OF EXCAVATION UNITS IN THE SCAVI KLEIBRINK 1991-2004 CONTAINING MATTPAINTED FRAGMENTS IN FRINGE STYLE ................................................................................................ 154 IX. BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................. 186

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CHAPTER 1 THE FRINGE STYLE AND ITS MANIFESTATIONS

1.1

Introduction

In 1990, Professor Douwe G. Yntema published a number of Matt-painted vessels and fragments from the Scavi Zancani Montuoro - Stoop 1963-’69 at Francavilla Marittima which, whilst resembling a few vessels from the 1888 excavation at Torre del Mordillo,5 nonetheless differed considerably in form and decoration from Matt-painted pottery found elsewhere in South Italy (e.g. Sala Consilina, or the Bradano area). This observation led to the conclusion that the ‘Crati basin’ had had its own Matt-painted style.6 Yntema dated two of the Sibaritide decorative systems to the Middle Geometric period. One system featured inscribed triangles slightly similar to the ‘Stile a Tenda’ well known from Sala Consilina and the Bradano area, but different in that on Sibaritide vessels the inscribed triangles are few in number and have a very wide base.7 The second system is characterised by unusual bundles of fringes not encountered in any of the other regions of South Italy. In 1998, Mariella Sangineto and the present author, on the basis of pottery fragments then newly excavated in the ‘Area Chiesetta’ of the Athena sanctuary on the Timpone della Motta at Francavilla Marittima, labelled the second decorative system the ‘Stile a Frange’ or ‘Fringe Style.’8 Following D. G. Yntema and also P. Pascucci and M. Carrara Jacoli (who in 1994 published Matt-painted pottery from Castrovillari (Figs. 3-4) in Flavia Trucco & Renato Peroni’s publication of the Broglio di Trebisacce excavation, they dated the style to the Middle Geometric period.9 In 2004 Francesca Ferranti et al. suggested that the style continued into the Late Geometric period and had had its main development in that period. 10 This hypothesis was recently confirmed by a re-analysis of the Macchiabate tombs by Francesco Quondam,11 and by the stratigraphy of find contexts encountered during the Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004 on the Timpone della Motta. 1. Decorative scheme of the Middle Geometric Fringe Style: a bundle of fringes hanging from a reserved area in a shoulder frieze consisting of alternating cross-hatched and reserved panels (after Ferranti et al. 2004, Fig. 3, Motif 26).

2. Decorative scheme of the Late Geometric Fringe Style: a bundle of fringes hanging from a reserved area in a shoulder frieze consisting of alternating hatched and reserved panels (after Ferranti et al. 2004, Fig. 3, Motif 38).

See now Cerzoso & Vanzetti 2014. Yntema 1990, 310-312. 7 This type of decoration is referred to as ‘Stile a Tenda di Torre del Mordillo’ for the Middle Geometric period and the ‘Stile Vuoto’ for the Late Geometric period, cf. Ferranti et al. 2004, 544; see also Quondam 2008, 153 ff.; Cerzoso & Vanzetti 2014, 87 with references. Fragments decorated in this style from Francavilla Marittima will be published in a future volume in this series. 8 Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, 1-60. 9 From the site S. Maria del Castello (Pascucci 1994, 671-681), including vessels in Fringe Style (e.g. Plate 127. Nos. 1-6, 7, 9, 11 and 16); and from the Belloluco necropolis (Carrara Jacoli 1994, 702-717), which also rendered fragments in Fringe Style (e.g. Plate 139, nos. 1-4, 6, 7 and Plate 141, nr. 1). 10 Ferranti et al. 2004, 549, 552-’53. 11 Quondam 2008, 139-178. 5 6

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3. Fragments of two askoi and two cups with Fringe Style decoration; from the Belloluco necropolis, Castrovillari (adapted after M. Carrara Jacoli in Peroni & Trucco 1994, Pl. 139).

4. Fragments of cups and a jar (n. 6) with Fringe Style decoration; from S. Maria del Castello, Castrovillari (adapted after P. Pascucci in Peroni & Trucco 1994, Pl. 127).

In the Middle Geometric period a preference emerged for fringed shoulder friezes with alternating crosshatched panels and trapezium-shaped reserved areas (Fig. 1),12 which later changed into alternating hatched and - frequently - rectangular reserved panels with fringes (Fig. 2). Quondam’s re-analysis revealed that more vessels from the Macchiabate tombs than previously known carry Fringe Style decoration. The best preserved specimen, a kantharos (Fig. 5) from tomb Temparella 87

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Compare also Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2013, Cat. nos. 73, 82; 138.

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at Macchiabate necropolis, a burial of an important man, had already been published by Paola Zancani Montuoro.13

5. Kantharos with Fringe Style decoration; Macchiabate necropolis, tomb Temparella 87, the burial of an important man. Height with handles 12.5cm. Late Geometric period. Scavi Zancani Montuoro 1963-’69, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari (drawing adapted after Quondam 2008, Fig. 5.1).

6. Mug/juglet with Fringe Style decoration; Macchiabate necropolis, tomb Lettere B, the burial of a small child. Height with handle 10cm. Late Geometric period. Scavi Zancani Montuoro 1963-’69, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari (drawing adapted after Quondam 2008, Fig. 4.2).

7. Cup (attingitoio type) with Matt-painted decoration; Macchiabate necropolis, tomb Temparella 16, the burial of a woman accompanied by many grave-goods. Height with handle 10cm. Geometric period. Scavi Zancani Montuoro 1963-’69, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari (drawing adapted after Quondam 2008, Fig. 4.1).

8. Jug with Matt-painted decoration, Macchiabate necropolis, tomb Uliveto 6. Height incl. the handle 28.5cm. Geometric period, Scavi Zancani Montuoro 1963-’69, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari (drawing adapted after Quondam 2008, Fig. 4.3).

13 Kantharos in Fringe Style: height incl. handles 12.5, maximum diameter incl. handles 22cm, lip diameter ca. 14cm: Zancani Montuoro 1974-76, 67-81, Plate 34; Quondam 2008, 155, Fig. 5.1.

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9. Jug with Fringe Style decoration, Macchiabate necropolis, tomb Temparella 61/62, the burial of a woman, man and child. Height incl. the handle 28.5cm. Geometric period, Scavi Zancani Montuoro 1963-’69, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari (drawing adapted after Quondam 2008, Fig. 4.4).

The decoration on this kantharos is of Ferranti’s Late Geometric type with on the A and B side shoulder friezes composed of alternating hatched and reserved panels, both trapezium shaped. The fringes consist of more or less parallel, vertical lines and are hanging from the reserved areas and from the ends of the friezes on both sides of each handle. Fibulae also found in this particular grave were of iron wrapped in bronze sheet. They are still unpublished because Fulvia Lo Schiavo and Francesco Quondam’s publications on the fibulae from Francavilla Marittima do not include iron specimens,14 and their dates are thus not yet firmly established. The conclusions of the UNICAL team that re-examined the stratigraphy of the Temparella tombs are not really helpful in this case since they provide two different dates for this particular tomb: Early Iron Age 2A2 to 2B1, or the 1st half of the 8th century BC,15 and Early Iron Age 2B1 or 2B2, i.e. the 2nd half of the 8th century BC.16 Another vessel with fairly well preserved Fringe Style decoration from the Macchiabate necropolis is a mug/juglet from Tomb B of the so-called ‘Lettere’ 17 cluster (Fig. 6). Tomb B is attributed to the burial of a small child (no skeletal remains were preserved, but the excavator believed the corredo to be intact and to resemble other child burials). The grave-goods consist of a globular jar with a dipper cup inside, and the above mentioned Matt-painted mug/juglet and a bronze serpentine fibula.18 Fulvia Lo Schiavo believes the fibula to be transitional in shape and she therefore dates it to Phase IB of the Early Iron Age with use continuing into the next phase. Francesco Quondam however dates the same fibula to the Late Geometric IIB2 period because he recognises parallels to it among the Murge di Strongoli fibulae.19 Regarding this grave it is relevant to observe that an askos otherwise at Macchiabate so frequently encountered in children’s graves is absent from this one, while this mug/juglet in Fringe Style decoration has been added to a more standard grave offering of a jar/dipper cup set. In other words, the mug/juglet in Tomb B appears to be a functional substitute for the askoi present in most other burials of small children in the Macchiabate necropolis. This, we believe, demonstrates that the Fringe Style decoration, even in the simplified version in which the frieze with alternating hatched and reserved panels has been replaced (as on this mug/juglet) by sets of horizontal lines and vertical sets of fringes, was still imbued with a specific 14 Zancani Montuoro 1974-76, 72, Nos. 5-8. Lo Schiavo proposes an approximate date for bronze specimens of this type, which has ‘elbows’ (a gomito type) but no spring, in the 2nd and 3rd quarter of the 8th century BC: PBF, 6767. Renato Peroni and Francesca Ferranti also date the earliest specimens in the Early Iron Age 2A.2 fase (Ferranti 2005, 462, note 10). Quondam points out that this type of fibula is comparatively rare at other sites and claims that the chronology established for the S. Maria Anglona fibulae also applies to the Francavilla Marittima specimens (Quondam Type 14), which would result in an Early Iron Age 2B2 date: Quondam 2008, 141. From the new excavations carried out in the Strada area under the direction of Martin Guggisberg 23 fragments of iron fibulae of the ‘a gomito’ type wrapped in bronze sheet were discovered in Strada Tomb 5, belonging to a man of high rank (Guggisberg et al. 2012a note 30; Guggisberg et al. 2012b, 103). 15 The re-analysis of the stratigraphy of the Macchiabate tombs excavated by Paola Zancani Montuoro by students of the University of Calabria was supervised by Paolo Brocato. For the tomb under discussion see Brocato 2011, 51. 16 Brocato 2011, 53. 17 Mug/juglet with vertical handle, height 10cm, diameter lip 8.5cm, maximum diameter 10cm; Zancani Montuoro 1977-’79, 15-16, Plate7a-b; Quondam 2008, 155, Plate 4.2. 18 Lo Schiavo 1977-’79, 93, Nr. 2, Fig. 37 and 106; PBF 6643 (Type 361). 19 Quondam 2008, 145. The burial is dated to the 2nd half of the 8th century BC (like all Lettere tombs) by the UNICAL study group: Brocato 2011, 74 ff.

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meaning which is expressed more explicitly by the Fringe Style askoi with anthropomorphic motifs (see below). The decoration discerned on this small vessel differs from the above examples in that the three sets of vertical fringes, instead of hanging from a frieze of alternating reserved and hatched panels, descend from the uppermost of a set of four horizontal and parallel bands around the shoulder to belly transition, with one set in each centre and the two others flanking the handle. Closer examination of the damaged decoration on the vessel may still reveal a frieze with alternating panels 20 or this simplified scheme may be similar to the ones found on smaller, closed vessels (see Chapter V, Cat. nos. 190-193, 196201). Hitherto only a few fragments are known with preserved fringes, two from the ‘Kerameikos area’ survey and one from the sanctuary. This type of decoration is found also on small and miniature cups (Chapter IV) but as far as I know does not appear on larger cups. For this reason the reconstruction of the decoration, on the basis of a few Matt-painted lines, 21 on a cup from Tomb 16 of the Temparella area at Macchiabate, is unconvincing (Fig. 7).22 An accurate reconstruction is important because it would allow us to narrow down the date of the tomb, which at the moment oscillates between the late Middle Geometric and the Late Geometric periods. Tomb 16 contained the remains of an important woman who was buried with many grave-goods, of which the fibulae are typical for the Sibaritide. They comprise a bronze shield fibula and two specimens featuring an ivory (or bone) plaque with incised decoration. Similar types of shield fibula occur in South Italy from the1B phase of the Early Iron Age onwards.23 Lo Schiavo dates the bone/ivory-plaque fibulae to the Early Iron Age 2A, but Quondam assigned the Macchiabate specimens predominantly to Phase 2B.24 Finally, the UNICAL team placed Tomb 16 in the second half of the 8th century BC.25 Quondam presents two larger jugs as carrying a Fringe Style decoration. Of these, however, the first one, from tomb Uliveto 6 (Fig. 8),26 is unconvincing since fringe bundles generally do not hang from bands on the rim/neck transition, but from those on either the neck/shoulder or the shoulder/belly transition. The decoration on this jug was more likely a panelled system of which the central section has now disappeared. Quondam’s second jug, from the only family tomb (containing a man, a woman and a child) discovered so far at Macchiabate, definitely carries a Fringe Style frieze (Fig. 9).27 The vessel’s B side shows what is left of the lines of such a frieze, as well as a finely executed, long fringe bundle which presumably descended from a reserved panel. The fibulae from this same tomb are of the serpentine type, but presumably little is left of them because neither Lo Schiavo nor Quondam mention them. The UNICAL study group dated tomb Temparella 61/62 to the second half of the 8th century BC.28

The author did not yet receive permission to study the vessel. Attingitoio type: height with handle 8.5cm, maximum diameter 8.5cm, diameter at lip 6.5cm; Zancani Montuoro 1980-82, 55; Quondam 2008, 155, Plate 4.1. 22 This impression may change after personal inspection of the object, which has not yet been possible. 23 PBF type 420; this particular specimen is PBF 7500, dated by Lo Schiavo somewhere between the Early Iron Age phases 1B and 2A. Quondam 2008, type 23; he, like Lo Schiavo, draws attention to the reparations frequently encountered on this type of fibula, an observation that leads him to date their deposition in the Macchiabate tombs to the Late Geometric period: Quondam 2008, 150. 24 PBF type 426, with specimens PBF 7533 and PBF 7544. Quondam 2008, type 11, assigned by him to the periods 2A-2B while Lo Schiavo opts for the earlier date on the basis of the four specimens from Torre del Mordillo tombs and their association in other tombs with scarabs. 25 Brocato 2011, 37. 26 Zancani Montuoro 1977-’79, Nr. 1, Plate 33d; Quondam 2008, Plate 4.3. 27 Jug: Zancani Montuoro 1983-’84, 25ff., Nr. 3: height with handle 28.5cm, maximum diameter 23.5cm, diameter at internal lip 10.5cm. For the tomb, see Zancani Montuoro 1983-’84, 25, Pls.11-12, 13b-c, 14a-b, Plate 17; see further Quondam 2008, 155, Fig. 4.4. 28 Brocato 2011, 63. 20 21

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10. Askos with Fringe Style decoration, Macchiabate necropolis, tomb Uliveto 6. Height 11cm. Geometric period. Scavi Zancani Montuoro 1963’69, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari (drawing adapted after Quondam 2008, Fig. 5.3).

11. Askos from tomb Temparella 14, Macchiabate necropolis, showing a representation of the ‘Goddess with Uplifted Arms’, Scavi Zancani Montuoro 1963-’69, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari (drawing after Zancani Montuoro 80-’82, Fig. 19 – G. Troiano).

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12. Conical-neck jar from votive assemblage AC22A.11 at the Athenaion on the Timpone della Motta, showing worshippers on the neck, and the ‘Goddess with Uplifted Arms’ and a ‘tent’ motif on the shoulder. The scenes are placed above and below a standard Fringe Style frieze composed of alternating hatched and reserved panels. Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari.

13a-b. Neck fragments of askoi with a stylized representations of the ‘goddess with uplifted arms’, AC16a.18.mm17+.22.mm18 and AC14.A21.mm11, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, ‘acropolis’, Timpone della Motta, Francavilla Marittima, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari.

14a-b. Neck fragments of askoi with a stylised representation of the ‘goddess with uplifted arms’, AC17A.21.mm105 (photo), AC10.18.mm382 (drawing) and AC25.02+26.11 (photo), Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004. ‘acropolis’, Timpone della Motta, Francavilla Marittima, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari.

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1.2. An iconographic interpretation of Fringe Style decoration The askoi with Fringe Style decoration retrieved from the Macchiabate tombs are particularly informative because of an anthropomorphic motif frequently encountered on the necks of these vessels. A small askos with this motif was found in tomb Uliveto 6 (Fig. 10), the tomb already mentioned above, which contained a burial the sex of which could not be established.29 The decoration on this askos is similar to that on another specimen, from tomb Temparella 14 (Fig. 11), which can be dated to the final decades of the 8th century BC on the basis of an a drago fibula associated with the burial.30 The necks of these vessels carry a central, vertical cross-hatched rectangle which represents a human torso; on both sides of this element are two long human arms extended sideways and raised. The hands are open and appear to be turned towards the viewer. All known instances of this motif lack a human head or lower body. 15. Askos from Tomb 13 of the Uliveto cluster, Macchiabate necropolis, an example of abstract anthropomorphisation of the askos; Scavi Zancani Montuoro 1963-’69, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari.

16. Anthropomorphic motifs on late 8th and 7th century BC Matt-painted pottery from Basilicata (after Nava et al. 2008, Fig. 19).

29 Askos from U6: 10 x 10cm; Zancani Montuoro 1977-‘79, 55, Nr. 2, Plate 33d; Quondam 2008, 155, Fig. 5.3; the UNICAL team based their proposed date for this grave on Quondam’s Fringe Style chronology, which leads to a circuitous argument: Brocato 2011, 78-81. 30 Askos from T14: height with handle 19.5, width 16cm: Zancani Montuoro 1980-’82, Nos. 1, 47-48, Figs. 18-19; Quondam 2008, 155, Fig. 5.5. The UNICAL team assigned the tomb to the second half of the 8th century BC: Brocato 2011: 35.

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17. Mourner, copied from the so-called Dipylon krater, a tall Attic vessel decorated in Geometric Style from the Kerameikos in Athens, dated to circa 750 BC. Metropolitan Museum, New York.

18. Terracotta figurine found in Tomb 69, Temparella cluster, Macchiabate necropolis, in association with the burial of a small child and representing a ‘Goddess with Uplifted Arms’. Height 18.5cm, 8th century BC. Scavi Zancani Montuoro 1963-’69, National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari.

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19. Terracotta figurine found during the Scavi Stoop 1963-69 on the ‘acropolis’ of the Timpone della Motta, representing an enthroned ‘Goddess with Uplifted Arms’. Height 8.3cm, 8th century BC. National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari inv. Nr. 64707.

Because these particular askoi come from graves, and because the motif vaguely resembles representations of mourning individuals with raised arms on Attic Geometric vases also found in funerary contexts (Fig. 17),31 one potential interpretation of the stylized anthropomorphic motif on the askoi that comes to mind is that of a mourning individual. However, several arguments speak against this interpretation, firstly the 31 For instance the mourners on the famous Dipylon krater in the Metropolitan Museum, New York. However, Greek images of mourners generally lift their arms above their heads and usually place the hands on their heads (Fig. 17).

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fact that the motif is also found on vessels used in the Athenaion on the Timpone della Motta, a context where funerary motifs are irrelevant (Figs. 13a-b, 14a-b). This group includes a fairly lavishly decorated vessel which on its neck features a group of worshippers, and an a tenda motif of inscribed triangles next to the anthropomorphic figure with raised arms (Fig. 12).32 Between the neck and shoulder decoration is a standard frieze of alternating reserved and hatched panels. This particular vessel proves that anthropomorphic figures with uplifted arms but lacking a head were not limited to askoi but also existed as representations per se, probably of a sacred concept such as was proposed earlier for the inscribedtriangle motif. 33 A second objection against viewing the anthropomorphic motif on askoi as representations of mourners is provided by their position on the vessels, i.e. on the necks of the askoi, and further by their standard association with fringed friezes. Apparently the decorative scheme, rather than referring to a mourner, intends to anthropomorphize the entire askos. Another askos decoration from Macchiabate, one found in Tomb 13 of the Uliveto cluster (Fig. 15),34 may emphasise this point. This particular askos has no figure with raised arms on the neck, carrying only oblique lines and a wellbalanced frieze with fringes. However, on the back, two bundles of lines ending in hooks flank the handle. This particular motif, which also occurs on Matt-painted pottery from Basilicata, derives from a form of decoration in which the anthropomorphic element is much more explicit (Fig. 16). The decorated askoi from the Macchiabate necropolis demonstrate that the Francavilla Marittima painters employed several different methods to ‘deify’ their askoi. Unfortunately much of their visual code eludes us because the paint on many askoi from the necropolis has not been preserved. In cases where it is preserved, the decoration is dominated by bundles of fringes pending from friezes with cross-hatched or hatched panels. In our opinion these panels are indirect references to female dress, specifically ornate woven garments. A third argument to regard Fringe Style askoi as a substitute for and/or reference to a beautifully dressed female is the fact that the anthropomorphic images with uplifted arms clearly resemble terracotta figurines with raised arms, which also occur in children’s graves in the Macchiabate necropolis (e.g. Fig. 18).35 Counterparts to these terracotta figurines were retrieved from the sacred buildings Vb and Vc on the ‘acropolis’ of the Timpone della Motta and in that context are associated with the goddess who was venerated there (Fig. 19).36 One terracotta representing an enthroned ‘Goddess with Uplifted Arms’ (necessarily executed as stumps since realistically moulded raised arms in terracotta would be too friable) found during the Scavi Stoop 1963-69 illustrates the significance of the dress motive, in this case rendered as lines (here incised) descending from the waist, while necklaces adorn the upper torso. Such parallels suggest an interpretation of this important group of askoi from the Sibaritide as objects that were in some way linked to a goddess who is traditionally represented with uplifted arms, or perhaps even as stylised images of the goddess herself. These pouring vessels with their emphatic display of the characteristics of the ‘Goddess with Uplifted Arms’ form a link to magical thinking in Oenotrian society. Evidently the goddess was considered a powerful protectress of children, and the pouring vessels in her shape must have had a specific function related to their content. In daily life the vessels were probably used to feed children, as their shape is eminently suitable for administering small quantities of liquids, no doubt milk. In the world of adults the vessels easily lend themselves to pouring oil, and of course also wine, but neither of these liquids are associated with children. Their use for other types of food is unlikely since the vessels’ shape makes them difficult to clean. Incidentally, this may also be the reason why the Macchiabate askoi are fairly large.

Compare Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2013, Cat. Nr. 177. Castoldi 2006, 101 with references. 34 11 x 11cm: Zancani Montuoro 1977-’79, Nos. 5, 64, Pls. 39-40; Quondam 2008, 155, Fig. 5.4. 35 Macchiabate tomb 78 of the Temparella burial mound, height 13cm, 8th century BC, National Archaeological Museum, Sibari: Zancani Montuoro 1983-84, 71-72; Zancani Montuoro 1974-76, 51-66; Kleibrink 2011. 36 Stoop 1974-76, 129; Stoop 1983, 230; Kleibrink 2011, 2012 32 33

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The askoi produced at Francavilla Marittima are predominantly decorated in the Cross-hatched Band or Fringe Styles37 and come either from graves of young children or from the ‘acropolis’, which emphasises their strong connection with burial and temple ritual. The distribution of the Fringe Style seems limited to Torre del Mordillo, 38 Castrovillari and Broglio di Trebisacce. 39 This observation in itself does not invalidate our hypothesis that the limited distribution of Matt-painted askoi and of the Fringe Style is suggestive of a special meaning attached to both the askoi and the style, the latter being restricted to the Sibaritide and either misunderstood or decidedly unpopular elsewhere. It is therefore all the more remarkable that a Fringe Style askos imported from the Sibaritide was found at Pithecusae in the grave of a child (Tomb 325) in combination with an object known in archaeological publications as the ‘Bocchoris seal’ (Fig. 27).40 The presence of this askos in the grave of a child, and one of an important family at that (as the other grave-goods suggest), makes it highly likely that it was specifically imported from Francavilla Marittima and given to the boy because of its significance, which in turn suggests that someone in the boy’s family probably had roots in the Sibaritide. An askos from tomb 117 at Torre del Mordillo (Fig. 24), decorated in a rather severe Fringe Style can be dated tentatively to the late Middle Geometric/early Late Geometric period. 41 Another, more lavishly decorated askos (Fig. 25) in the Cross-hatched Bands Style from Tomb 8742 occurs together with a fibula a drago43 which, like the famous Fringe Style askos from Tomb 325 at Pithecusae in the company of the Bocchoris seal only provides a terminus ante quem in the Late Geometric period. The contexts of the Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004 in the Area Chiesetta on the Timpone della Motta are therefore important to be able to establish a more precise chronology of the style.44 No Fringe Style pottery occurs in Temple V.b (the Weaving House) contexts lacking imported Greek pottery or local imitations thereof, examples in point being Context AC03.38 and Context AC18.17. The Weaving House contexts AC02.30, AC04.30-31 and AC18.15 with many impasto loom weights and fragments of cooking stoves and impasto pottery, but again lacking Greek imports, produced only a few Fringe Style fragments (Cat. no. 32 and no. 229; and Cat. nos. 280-81 with bell-shaped fringes, which in Basilicata occur already in the Middle Geometric period). On the other hand contexts belonging to Temple V.c and especially Contexts AC22A.10 and .11 which produced fragments of two Late Geometric/Early Protocorinthian pyxides 45 and a Late Geometric kyathos,46 also contained a relatively large series of Fringe Style vessels (Chapter III, nos. 59-66). This is also the case with contexts AC16A.29 in which fragments of so-called Thapsos cups occurred and Corinthian imports datable to the last quarter of the 8th c. BC 47 and context AC16A.22 with Greek imports of the first half of the 7th c. BC48 (Fringe Style pottery: Cat. nos. 51, 52, 89-92). Also context AC17.19b contained Fringe Style vessels (Cat. nos. 53, 55, 200) here in combination with Euboean-style 37 The author is aware of only one specimen decorated in the Undulating Band Style; it came from tomb Strada 8, a child’s grave containing also a bronze anthropomorphic pendant, excavated by a team from Basel University supervised by Professor Martin Guggisberg: Guggisberg, Colombi & Spichtig 2012, 8-9. 38 Torre del Mordillo, as indicated by Ferranti et al. 2004, note 50. 39 Broglio di Trebisacce Peroni & Trucco 1994, pl. 116, nr. 47; Ferranti et al. 2004, note 7. 40 Buchner & Ridgway 1993, T.325, the grave is important in the debate (started in 1987 by Cornelis Neeft) on the chronology of imported pottery from Corinth; see e.g. Nizzo 2007, 33 ff. with references. Francesca Ferranti and others before her pointed out that the association of the Fringe Style askos and the Bocchoris scarab establishes a terminus ante quem of circa 710BC for the style (Ferranti et al. 2004, note 51; Ferranti 2008, 57 with references). 41 Cerzoso & Vanzetti 2014, Cat. no. 462. Tomb 117 contained a Fringe Style askos buried in the company of a bronze quadruplespiral fibula and a bronze arch fibula of large proportions with a short catch plate (PBF no. 1734, pl. 139) as well as a small bronze disc decorated with incised circles. Even if some uncertainty exists as to which type of quadruple-fibula was precisely buried in this tomb (compare the description in Cerzoso & Vanzetti 2014 under no. 456), the majority of quadruple-fibulae from Torre del Mordillo is of ‘Torre del Mordillo type’, generally attributed to Early Iron Age 2A. The small bronze disc from the grave is of a kind generally attributed also to Early Iron Age 1B-2A, while the fact that the bronze arch fibula has a short catch plate, generally dated before the arch fibulae with long catch plates developed, suggests a date late in the Middle Geometric/early in the Late Geometric period for the first manifestations of the Fringe Style. 42 Compare Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2013, pl. 11c, 1 and 2. 43 Tomb 87, Cerzoso & Vanzetti 2014, 181ff., the fibula Cat. no. 446, the askos Cat. no. 450. 44 Compare the Table in Chapter VIII. 45 Kleibrink 2006b; Jacobsen et al. 2010, cat. A193, A194. 46 Jacobsen et al. 2010, cat. A859. 47 Jacobsen et al. 2010, Appendix I,1. 48 Jacobsen et al. 2010, appendix I,2.

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pottery.49 These data in combination with those from Torre del Mordillo suggest that the style may have developed in a later phase of the Middle Geometric period but – probably because of its growing sacred connotations - became popular only in the Late Geometric period. The presence of a relatively large number of Fringe Style vessels and vessel fragments among the remains of Timber dwelling CE4 on Plateau I of the Timpone della Motta may appear to contradict the assertion that the Fringe Style was linked to ritual.50 The contents of this particular dwelling attributed to the Late Geometric I and II periods, however, are abnormal in that with few exceptions only very small fragments of impasto were preserved,51 while the Matt-painted pottery, although semi-burned, could be reconstructed to many almost complete forms. All Matt-painted pottery was moreover concentrated in a small area to the extent that it gave the impression of representing the contents of a ‘cupboard’ specifically for Mattpainted ware.52 These and other observations lead us to believe that dwelling CE4 may have contained a (work?)shop of some kind or, if a more careful conclusion is preferred, that a purely domestic function for this dwelling is at the very least doubtful. This situation seems to resemble somewhat a recent discovery in the ‘Area Rovitti’ near dwelling CE4, where the remains of two subsequent 8th-century BC dwellings were unearthed.53 The contexts contained, like in CE4, animal bones, a few domestic objects (e.g. the clay parts of spinning and weaving tools) and in these cases also larger impasto fragments, 54 and interestingly Matt-painted and Oenotrian-Euboean pottery fragments. Because of the presence of a relatively large quantity of the latter fragments these Rovitti dwellings are attributed to residential Euboean potters by the excavators Attema and Jacobsen.55 The earliest of the two dwellings, hut A, is dated to the first half of the 8th c. BC (traditional dating) because of the presence of skyphoi fragments of the local 2a type, the Matt-painted fragments are decorated in the Undulating Bands Style and in the Cross-hatched Bands Style, not unlike fragments from the sanctuary published by the present author et al..56 The remains of structure Rovitti B are dated to the late 8th c. – early 7th c. BC because they contained Corinthian Late Geometric and Early Protocorinthian shards as well as Japygian and Achaean Style fragments next to Fringe Style matt-painted pottery. Among the latter kantharos fragments.57 20. Bell-shaped fringes encountered on 8thcentury BC Matt-painted pottery from Basilicata (after Nava et al. 2008, Fig. 20).

21. Long loose fringes encountered on 7thcentury BC Matt-painted pottery from Basilicata (after Nava et al. 2008, Fig. 20).

E.g. a stand decorated with horses: Jacobsen et al. 2008, 212-’13. For a preliminary publication cf. Kleibrink 2006a. 51 Kleibrink 2006a, Figs. 33.1-5. 52 A contradiction we have not been able to solve is the fact that quite a number of pottery fragments from the same Matt-painted vessels were severely burnt and other fragments not at all, which must indicate that the Matt-painted vessels from the building were already broken before part of the fragments were in a fire and other fitting fragments were not. Compare for instance the belly fragments of the askos illustrated with Cat. no. 1. 53 Fasti on line: http://www.fastionline.org/record_view.php?fst_cd=AIAC_2353 54 Colelli 2012. 55 Jacobsen & Handberg 2012, 685-711, with references to earlier publications. 56 Kleibrink, Barresi & Fasanella Masci 2012; Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2013. 57 Jacobsen & Handberg 2012, Fig. 8b. 49 50

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1.3 Different fringe types, and possible influences from elsewhere Although loose elements hanging from the lowest decorative band over a vessel’s belly also occur on Mattpainted pottery elsewhere in South Italy, bundles composed of three to five long vertical ‘fringes’ seem so far to be exclusive to pottery from the Sibaritide, in particular Francavilla Marittima where there is evidence for local production. 58 In the first half of the 8th century BC the Oenotrian culture as it manifests itself in Basilicata, particularly at sites along the rivers Sinni and Basento, adopted ‘bell-shaped’ ornaments suspended from the lowest horizontal bands of the shoulder decoration, usually in bundles of three (Fig. 20).59 In the second half of the 8th century BC these bell-shaped motifs, which are usually accompanied by semi-circular, long and pointed bands (referred to as ‘moustaches’) at either side of the handles, were copied by Francavilla Marittima vase painters (e.g. Chapter V, Cat. nos. 252, 155-157; Chapter VI, Cat. no. 278, 280-284). Likewise, another pending motif, two antithetical hooks was probably first popular in the Sinni-Bradano area, where variations of it are plentiful, 60 before the Francavilla painters adopted it (Chapter V, Cat. no. 254). In the 7th century BC both areas adopted long pending motifs which often feature a thicker or triangular upper section so that they resemble arrows (Fig. 21).61 These motifs occur also among the finds from the ‘acropolis’ at Francavilla Marittima and will be published in a next volume in this series.

1.4

An Overview of Fringe Style motifs from Dwelling CE4 and the sanctuary on the Timpone della Motta

22. Rim to lower body fragment AC18.09.ubs29 of a bowl from the sanctuary of the Timpone della Motta, attributed to the later Middle Geometric period. Decorated in the Undulating Band Style with a frieze consisting of alternating reserved panels and panels filled with parallel, horizontal undulating bands. Rim diameter 13cm (after Kleibrink, Barresi & Fasanella Masci 2012, Cat. no. 70).

58 Compare the fragments found near the remains of two kilns near the Timpone della Motta, Cat. nos. 72-76 and nos. 195-196, and see also Andaloro et al. 2011, 445-453 and De Francesco et al. 2012, 145-162. 59 E.g. Nava, Bianco, Macrì & Preite 2008, 275, Plate 20.BDI3, BDI3.1-5. 60 And where the motif is sometimes associated with more obviously anthropomorphic elements: Nava, Bianco, Macrì & Preite 2008, 275, Plate 19, BDISA.1-4 and Plate 20, BDI3.2. 61 Nava, Bianco, Macrì & Preite 2008, 275, Plate 20, BDI4.1-4, BDI5.2; at Amendolara, cf. De la Genière 2012, T10, 1; T12; T.50, 1; T107,1 etc. Pottery from the Timpone della Motta decorated in this style will hopefully be published in a next volume in this series.

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23. Rim to shoulder fragments of a kantharos from the sanctuary of the Timpone della Motta (AC17A.12.cbs etc.), attributed to the later Middle Geometric period. Decorated in the Cross-hatched Bands Style with a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels, from the lowest band sets of fringes are suspended. Rim diameter 12cm (after Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2013, Cat. no. 80).

The classification of the Fringe Style decoration on vessels from the Weaving House (Temple V.b), Temple V.c. and the Timber Building on Plateau I (CE4) of the Timpone della Motta62.63 here proposed is simple. In general the friezes of the Fringe Style developed out of earlier, local, decoration like the panelled type-D friezes of the Undulating Band Style64 (Fig. 22) and those of type C of the Cross-hatched Band Style (Fig. 23).65 Usually to those earlier friezes bundles of fringes were added only sporadically, this seems to become standard only with the Cross-hatched Bands Style cups, like the kantharos illustrated in Fig. 23. The Fringe Style classification starts with discerning a ‘Classical’ form with parallel, vertical fringes, and ends with friezes to which bell-shaped fringes or hook-fringes have been added. The mainstream of Fringe Style motifs with alternating panels gave rise to simpler a decoration of small vessels with friezes of continuous horizontal, parallel bands with suspended fringes and to Banded Style decoration, which is similar but lacks the fringes. These developments have been summarised below: Type A

Fringed friezes of ‘Classical’ form, showing well-balanced fringed friezes with alternating hatched reversed, and smaller reserved trapezia, with fringes suspended from the latter. These are applied immediately below the rim in the case of cups and usually over the transition from neck to shoulder in the case of closed vessels. The lines are straight and relatively well-drawn. The vessels decorated in this style usually are handmade of a pinkfiring, local, clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4)66 often in coils or sections, and covered in a thick very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/3). The application of straight, thin lines at little distance from each other makes one suppose that in some cases the vessels were finished on a slow-revolving potter’s wheel. With a few specimens the remains of an extra coating of slip applied to the reserved areas of the friezes has been preserved (Cat. nos. 29-30) so that a lively contrast between these empty trapezia and the surrounding densely hatched ones results. Unfortunately, this kind of slip did not adhere well to the vessel surfaces and usually crumbled away taking the decoration with it. The contexts of the fragments (cf. Table II) indicate a date late in the Middle Geometric period and early in the Late Geometric I period, which is the end phase of the Weaving House ( = Temple V.b).

Type B

Fringed friezes in a ‘Nice’ Style, applied immediately below the rim on cups and around the transition from neck to shoulder in the case of closed vessels. The fringed friezes are well-balanced with alternating hatched rectangles (less often reversed trapezia) and smaller reserved rectangles, trapezia or squares with bundles of fringes, consisting of parallel, vertical lines, suspended from the reserved areas. The vessels decorated in this style are usually handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) or reddish yellow-

For general information on the remains of these structures cf. Kleibrink 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000a, 2000b, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006a, 20010, 2011, De Lachenal 2007. 63 A number of fragments decorated in the Fringe Style come from a context indicated as “Stipe I” by Dr. Maria W. Stoop. Nowadays Stipe I is understood as having been part of the South Fill, with material from Temples Vb – Vd: compare Kleibrink 1993, 23; Kleibrink 2004, 55-57. 64 Kleibrink, Barresi & Fasanella Masci 2012, 25-26. 65 Kleibrink, Fasanellla Masci & Barresi 2013, 15. 66 Kleibrink, Barresi & Fasanella Masci 2012, 4-10. 62

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firing clay with grey core to which usually no slip has been applied (Munsell 7.5YR 6/6). A reason the decoration is better preserved than the type-A ones. Type C

Friezes with cross-hatched finishing, consisting of alternating reserved areas and horizontally hatched larger rectangular panels, the ends cross-hatched. The fringes consist usually of bundles of long vertical bands which thicken towards their lower ends and which spread out from a small starting point in the centre of the reserved areas and at the end(s) of the frieze at the handle(s). The vessels are predominantly handmade from either the usual, local pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) or a reddish yellow-firing clay with grey core (Munsell 5YR or 7.5YR 6/6). The latter clay has often been used for vessels from the sanctuary and presumably is local like the pink-firing one, but this has not been established by archaeometry.

Type D

Friezes with dots composed of alternating reserved and horizontally hatched panels, the latter with cross-hatched ends. In the reserved areas dots are placed and fringes are suspended.

Type E

This Plain Fringe Style is a type of decoration, which hitherto is found only on relatively small, closed vessels considered to have been juglets. It consists of parallel, horizontal bands over the transition from neck to body, with fringes from the lowest band. The clay usually is of the local, pink-firing type.

Type F

The Banded Style in its nicer form, with the application of a set of horizontal, parallel bands over the transition from rim to neck and application of a set of horizontal, parallel bands over the transition from neck to body is a simplification of the Fringe Style and in the present catalogue only the specimens that are closely related to the Fringe style are presented. The small pots usually are handmade from the local, pink-firing clay. The remaining fragments of vessels decorated in a Banded Style with more sloppily placed lines and bands will be presented in a further catalogue.

Type G1

The Lined Fringe Style with hook fringes in the case of closed vessels makes use of obverse and reverse neck panels, which leave the centre usually blank or have the addition of a small central motif like a horizontal zigzag. The contours of the neck panels are, however drawn with relatively thick bands, the horizontal ones usually in sets. From the lowest band fringes descend, usually hook- or bell-shaped. Vessels with such lines around their contours are more frequently decorated in the Miniature Style (see the next Catalogue in this series) than in the Fringe Style. There are a number of handmade vessels decorated in this way, but the impression is that generally the decoration is applied to wheelmade pots.

Type G2

With the Lined Fringe Style with bell-shaped fringes on closed vessels a decoration is in evidence which usually consists of a broad horizontal band with smaller bands on top and a neck division in compartments by vertical elements, often consisting of plain or undulating lines. From the centre of the lowest band bell-shaped fringes are suspended. Black matt-painted lines usually are painted around the lip of the vessels and along each contour of the handles. The lines from the handles usually are joined to the vertical bands which end the friezes and then drawn out in a long point over the belly of the vessel. These long vertical pointed bands have been named ‘moustaches’. Compare the cup from Pisticci illustrated in Fig. 57 below. The pots decorated in this way are predominantly wheelmade.

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A. Classical Fringe Style, application of a frieze consisting of alternating horizontally hatched reversed and reserved trapezia, from the latter bundles of vertical and parallel fringes. The reserved areas are covered with a thick layer of pale, almost white slip.

B. Nice Fringe Style, application of a frieze consisting of alternating horizontally hatched larger rectangular panels and smaller reserved areas, from the latter bundles of parallel, vertical fringes suspended.

C. Fringe Style with cross-hatched finishing, application of a frieze consisting of alternating reserved areas and horizontally hatched larger rectangular panels, the ends cross-hatched. The fringes consist usually of bundles of long vertical bands which thicken towards their lower ends and spread out from a starting point in the centre of the reserved areas and/or at the end(s) of the frieze at the handle (s).

D. Fringe Style with dots, application of a frieze consisting of alternating reserved areas and horizontally hatched ones with cross-hatched ends. In the reserved areas dots are placed and fringes are suspended from them.

E. Plain Fringe Style, application of parallel, horizontal bands over the transition from rim to neck and from neck to body, with fringes suspended from the latter.

F. Banded Style, application of a set of horizontal, parallel bands over the transition from rim to neck and application of a set of horizontal, parallel bands over the transition from neck to body.

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G1. Lined Fringe Style with hook fringes, application of obverse and reverse neck panels, drawn with relatively thick bands, the horizontal ones usually in sets. From the lowest band fringes are suspended, usually hook or bell-shaped. Lines are painted around the lip and along the handle contours.

G2. Lined Fringe Style with bell-shaped fringes, application of a decoration which usually consists of a broad horizontal band with smaller bands on top and a neck- division in compartments by vertical elements, in this case a leaf-band. From the centre of the lowest band bell-shaped fringes.

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CHAPTER II ASKOI DECORATED IN THE FRINGE STYLE

24. Askos from Tomb 117, the burial of a woman at Torre del Mordillo necropolis,1 Late Geometric period. Municipal Museum Cosenza, inventory number 3151043. Diameter at lip 7cm, height 16.2, width 15.7cm. Photo by kind permission of Dr. M. Cerzoso, director of the museum, and by the municipality of Cosenza.

25. Askos from Tomb 87 with the burial of a man at Torre del Mordillo necropolis,2 Late Geometric period. Municipal Museum Cosenza, inventory number 309 121. Height 18cm, diameter at lip 7.2cm. Photo by kind permission of Dr. M. Cerzoso, director of the museum, and by the municipality of Cosenza.

26. Askos from Sala Consilina, probably imported from Francavilla Marittima/Torre del Mordillo, h. 11.3 x 11cm (drawing adapted after De la Genière 1968, pl. 37, No. 6).

27. Askos from Tomb 325 of the S. Montano necropolis at Ischia, most likely imported from Francavilla Marittima. Late Geometric period. H. 8.1, maximum diameter 8.2cm (adapted after Buchner & Ridgway 1993, pl. 122, 4).

1 2

Cerzoso & Vanzetti 2014, 184ss., no. 462, pl. 32. Cerzoso & Vanzetti 2014, 182ss, no. 450.

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2.1

Introduction

Askoi, jugs with a horizontal instead of a vertical body, are known in many cultures; in the Mediterranean area they occur early on. Often the opening and sometimes also the body of these vessels is stylised to form an explicit reference to some animal, with birds and especially ducks being favourites.3 Matt-painted, Fringe Style askoi from the Early Iron Age, however, seem to be limited to the Sibaritide and within that region occur particularly at the sites of Torre del Mordillo, Francavilla Marittima and Castrovillari, where animal-references are totally lacking in the vessel shapes. Francesca Ferranti observes that this kind of vessel was already present in this region in the Early Geometric period, impasto specimens from that period are known from the necropolis of Torre del Mordillo4 and as a stray find from the necropolis of Belloluco at Castrovillari. More impasto askoi come from the Middle Geometric graves of Castiglione di Paludi, Torre del Mordillo and Belloluco.5 During the Middle Geometric the earliest Matt-painted specimens appear at Torre del Mordillo.6 These are smaller than the impasto vessels. The number of askoi increased in the Late Geometric period, especially because they were now placed in many children’s graves in the Macchiabate necropolis at Francavilla Marittima.7 Unfortunately, the decoration on most of them has disappeared (exceptions are e.g. Figs. 10, 11, 15). Further it has been pointed out that two of the four askoi known from Campania - one from Sala Consilina (Fig. 26) and one from Ischia (Fig. 27) - are imports from the Sibaritide.8 We will return to these specific vessels below. Because askoi produced at Francavilla Marittima often contain fringed friezes composed of cross-hatched or hatched panels, much of the success of the Fringe Style may perhaps be attributed to the success of askoi and of askos painters. Not only the askoi but also the Fringe Style were purely local phenomena of the Sibaritide. The most completely decorated specimens were found in tombs Uliveto 13 (Fig. 15) and Temparella 14 (Fig. 11) of the Macchiabate necropolis during the Scavi Zancani Montuoro 1963-’69, and also in the contexts associated with timber building CE4 (Capanna Enotria 4) on Plateau I of the Timpone della Motta during the Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004 (below Cat. nos. 1-2 etc.). Because many Matt-painted fragments found associated with this building were burnt almost beyond recognition in a fire,9 complete restoration of all the fragments was impossible. The vessels are all handmade and have horizontal, ovoid bellies, rounded at the back and rising to a conical neck at the front. The rims are outcurving and carry horizontal handles. The fragments decorated in the Fringe Style usually are too small to decide whether the pots were made with moulds as in the case of several specimens decorated in the local Cross-hatched Bands Style.10 The askoi from the timber building CE4 on Plateau I of the Timpone della Motta are the most informative regarding the decorative system that was developed for the vessels. These askoi have a decoration of circles composed of a few parallel lines around the base of their conical neck. From there, friezes depart on each side of the long and horizontal handle, running over the ‘back’ of the vessel to end abruptly in the zone where the handle is attached to the vesssel’s ‘tail’ end. The friezes are composed of cross-hatched panels alternating with reserved areas (in the case of askos Cat. no. 2) or of completely hatched bands with cross-hatched panels, such as on askos Cat. no. 1. The fringes (which gave the style its name), hang down on both sides of the frieze. The decoration on askos Cat. no. 2 (CE4.A2.4R9) is a Misch 1992; Guggisberg 1996. Compare now Cerzoso & Vanzetti 2014, Tomb 16, 136-137, Pl. 16 and Pls. 73-74. 5 Ferranti 2008, 60. 6 Ferranti et al. 2004, 549-551; A Matt-painted askos is part of the gravegifts in Torre del Mordillo tomb 24 of the IIA period: Cerzoso & Vanzetti 2014, 136, cat. no. 167. 7 The askoi from Macchiabate tombs: Macchiabate complesso primo No. 3; CR3.2; CR5.1; CR6/7.1; CR9.2; CR12.2 and 3; CR13.3; U2.1; U13.5; V4.1; V5.3 and 9; tomb T69,T7.1; T14.1; T19.1; T20.12; T69, T77.1; T79.2; T80.4; T84. 1 and 2; T90.1; T93.1. 8 Cf. chapter I, note 40. 9 Compare the remarks in Chapter I, note 52. 10 Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2013, Chapter 8. 3 4

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better quality than that on Cat. no. 1 (CE4.A24fsR10); this confronts us with the same question as we face with the cups from the same context which also juxtapose a refined and a coarser style: are they contemporary products by different hands, or are the more coarsely executed specimens earlier ? An answer to this question requires more securely dated specimens. As was stated above, timber dwelling CE4 on Plateau I contained a number of askoi decorated in the Fringe Style, and two more askos necks could be restored out of the pottery fragments, Cat. nos. 3 and 4. These necks and those from the more complete specimens discussed above show oblique lines running from the rings painted around the necks, which create an impression of a bridled animal, while the frieze decoration with the long fringes recalls an animal with a saddle blanket. It is doubtful, however, that these effects were intentional because at least in the Sibaritide further indications that askoi were ever perceived as animals by the Oenotrian beholder are lacking. Nonetheless, as demonstrated in Chapter I, decorated askoi were definitely special objects, as is understood not only by the exclusivety of their production in the Sibaritide but also by the fact that they were often buried with small children: almost all askoi known from the Macchiabate necropolis come from children’s graves.11 Yet another argument in favour of the assumption that the vessels carried a special meaning is provided by the human motif on the askoi Cat. Nos. 25, 28, which resemble the askoi discussed in Chapter I. Cat. No. 28 (AC21.10.fs01) is a neck to shoulder fragment of an askos, on the inside revealing the manufacturing process of kneading together the clay rings belonging to the neck and those of the shoulder, while the exterior has been meticulously smoothed over. It must have been slipped with the ivory to pink slip that was characteristic of all the ‘classical’ wares found in the Athenaion (compare the remarks with the type A decoration in paragraph 1.4). The fragment shows a ring decoration of five horizontal bands around the neck and the start of two bundles of oblique lines which fan down along the sides. Interestingly, another preserved askos-neck fragment from Temple V.C, Cat. no. 25 (AC16A.23.fs12) was manufactured from a yellowish red-firing clay. This kind of fabric goes often together with friezes composed of alternating reserved and hatched panels with cross-hatched ends. As remarked already elsewhere this combination results in less refined products than in the case of the pale, slipped fabrics with their precisely executed friezes. The decoration of this askos, unfortunately cannot be followed beyond what the fragment allows, but the neck shows the v-shaped motif, which in analogy with better preserved decorations on askos necks (compare Chapter I) may be interpreted as a stylised image of the goddess with uplifted arms. 2.2 Fringe Style askoi from the Timpone della Motta

1. Globular askos CE4.A2.04.R.fs10 (the R indicates the number on the restorer’s list): excavation context numbers CE4.A2.11.100, 112-3, 157, 166-7, 178, 191, 199, 207, 224, 233, 275, 294), base missing (Fig. 28). Preserved measurements: diameter mouth 6.4cm; body 19.5 x 13.5 x 0.4; handle 12.7 x 2.5 x 1cm. Weight: 394g. Clay: refined clay with calcareous and micaceous inclusions, 11

Compare note 7.

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28. No. 1. Almost complete askos, CE4.A2.04.fs.R10, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter mouth 6.4cm; body 19.5cm. Restoration A. J. Nijboer; drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

slip, many fragments are secondarily burnt others not at all,* handmade. Colours: for the burnt areas dark grey (Munsell 2.5YR 4/1) to light grey (Munsell 10YR 7/1), the original colour is reddish yellow (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6) with a pinkish white slip (Munsell 7.5YR 8/2), the paint is dark brown (Munsell 7.5YR 4/2). Squat globular body, two slight bumps on the shoulder. Conical neck, out-turned rim, tapered lip. The band-handle consists of two round sticks. On the neck a reserved metopal area defined by two oblique lines on both sides and in the centre three vertical lines; the oblique lines continue over the body and finish there like fringes, the vertical lines also finish with three sets of fringes. On the shoulder on both sides a frieze consisting of areas alternating filled with horizontal parallel lines and cross-hatched ones, from the cross-hatched areas bundles of four fringes descend over the belly. On the handle a set of four lines between two bands painted on both ends of the handle, they finish on the body. Ref.: Kleibrink 2006, Fig. 33.8. *See Chapter I, note 52.

2. Globular askos CE4.A2.04.R09 (excavation context numbers 4A.1.11.237+A2.fs02, fs10, fs21), incomplete, base and part of the strap handle missing (Fig. 29). Measurements: diameter rim 7.8cm; 11.3 x 15.5 x 0.6; 3.5 x 0.7 (handle). Weight: 270g. Clay: refined, slip on the exterior and the interior rim, a number of fragments are secondarily burnt, handmade. Colours: clay originally reddish yellow (Munsell 5YR 6/6), burnt to dark grey (Munsell 5YR 4/1), the slip is very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/4), the matt-paint dark brown (Munsell 10YR 4/3). The front end of the vessel is secondarily burnt. Globular body, slight bump from shoulder to tail, cylindrical neck, out-curved rim, convex lip. 25

Preserved decoration: filled triangles on the rim, forming a square. Three horizontal bands at the transition from neck to shoulder, from these, at the front two sets of two oblique bands continue on both sides of the body and three vertical bands in the centre. On both sides of the body a frieze consisting of trapezium-shaped reserved areas which alternate with cross-hatched rectangles is painted, sets of long fringes are suspended from both; on the handle horizontal lines. Ref.: Kleibrink 2006, Fig. 33.10.

29. No. 2. Upper part of an askos, CE4.A2.04.fs.R09, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter mouth 7.8cm; preserved height 11.3cm. Restoration A. J. Nijboer; drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

3. Rim to shoulder fragments of a large askos, CE4.A2.11.fs01, 02 and after the first drawing was made fragments CE4.A3.10.fs391, fs414 could be added and later on the neck with numbers CE4A2. 11, fs41, fs45, fs47, fs58 (Fig. 30). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 11cm, h. 13 x 13.5 x 0.6cm. Made by hand of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5 YR 7/4), in part secondarily burnt. Conical neck with out-curved rim and convex shoulder. 26

30. No. 3. Rim to body fragments of an askos, CE4.A2.11.fs01, 02 etc. Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 11cm; h. 13cm. Restoration A. J. Nijboer; drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

The decoration consists of 4 horizontal and parallel bands painted around the transition from neck to body, from these two sets of 4 diagonal bands depart over the body. The neck is divided in reserved areas by a set of two vertical bands and in the centre opposite the handle a cross-hatched (a scaletta) vertical band. The inside of the rim is decorated with five filled triangles.

4. Neck of an askos, CE4.A1.07fs09, fs247, 276, 317+4A2.02.fs103 (Fig. 31). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 6.5cm, h. 8.5 x 0.4cm. Made by hand of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5 YR 7/4), in part burnt. Conical neck with out-curved rim and tapered lip. The decoration consists of 2 horizontal and parallel bands painted around the transition from rim to neck, from these two sets of 3 diagonal bands descend to a set of three horizontal and parallel bands painted over the transition from neck to shoulder. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. 31. No. 4. Rim to shoulder fragments of an askos, CE4.A2.07.fs247, 276 etc., Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 6.5cm; h. 8.5cm. Restoration A. J. Nijboer, drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

32. No. 5. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A1.07.fs021, 45 etc. Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 5.3cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

33. No. 6. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A1.07.fs230+280, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 4.1cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

5. Convex wall fragment of an askos (presumably) CE4.A1.07.fs021 (Fig. 32). Preserved measurements: h. 5.3 x 7 x 0.55cm, secondarily burnt to a grey shade (Munsell 7.5YR 6/1).The inside surface is irregular. Preserved decoration: a frieze consisting of alternating cross-hatched and reserved panels, from the reserved ones sets of fringes descend.

6. Convex wall fragment of an askos or a small thickwalled cup CE4.A1.07.fs230+280 (Fig. 33). Preserved measurements: h.4.1 x 5.0 x 0.6cm. Handmade of refined clay, secondarily burnt to a grey shade (Munsell 7.5YR 6/1). Preserved decoration: a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels with crosshatched outer ends, from the reserved panels fringes descend.

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34. No. 7. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A1.07.fs233, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 4.2cm Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

35. No. 8. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A2.02.fs23, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 6.2cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

36. No. 9. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A1.07.fs245. Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 11cm; h. 13cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

37. No. 10. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A1.07.fs291+293, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 5.8cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

7. Convex wall fragment of an askos CE4.A1.07.fs233 (Fig. 34). Preserved measurements h. 4.2 x 3.8 x 0.5cm. Handmade of refined clay, secondarily burnt to a grey shade (Munsell 7.5YR 6/1). Preserved decoration: a set of 6 parallel oblique bands.

8. Wall-fragment CE4.A2.02.fs23 of an askos (Fig. 35) Preserved measurements: h. 6.2 x 7.4 x 0.6. Handmade of refined clay. Colours: a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), slip very pale brown (Munsell 7.4YR 8/3), decoration 10YR 5/2 greyish brown. Convex wall fragment. Preserved decoration: a horizontal frieze composed of at least four separate bands and bundles of 4 vertical fringes which descend over the belly.

9. Wall fragment of an askos CE4.A1.07.fs245 (Fig. 36). Preserved measurements: 6.4 x 4.0 x 0.7/0.5cm. Handmade of refined clay, secondarily burnt to a grey shade (Munsell 7.5YR 6/1). Convex wall fragment. Preserved decoration: a frieze composed of alternating reserved and hatched panels the outer ends cross-hatched, from the reserved panels a long bundle of fringes descends over the belly.

10. Wall fragment of an askos CE4.A1.07.fs291 +fs293 (Fig. 37). Preserved measurements: h. 5.8 x 5.4 x 0.5cm, for the better part secondarily burnt to a grey shade (Munsell 7.5YR 6/1). Convex wall fragment. Preserved decoration: a frieze composed of alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels, from the reserved ones a bundle of very long fringes descends over the belly.

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38. No. 11. Wall fragments of an askos, CE4.A2.07.fs290, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 6.5cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

39. No. 12. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A1.07.fs335, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 5.5cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

40. No. 13. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A1.07.fs256+331, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 4cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

41. No. 14. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A2.11.fs263+331, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 6.4cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

11. Wall fragments, CE4.A2.07. 290 of an askos (Fig. 38). Preserved measurements: h. 6.5 x 8 x 0.5cm. Handmade of refined clay, entirely secondarily burned. Colour: burnt to a light grey (Munsell 7.5YR 6/1). The inside wall is very uneven. Convex wall. Preserved decoration: a frieze composed of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter cross-hatched at the outer ends. From the reserved panels fringes.

12. Wall fragment of an askos CE4.A1.07.fs335 (Fig. 39). Preserved measurements: h. 5.5 x 5.0 x 0.6cm. Handmade of refined clay, secondarily burnt to a grey shade (Munsell 7.5YR 6/1). Convex wall fragment. Preserved decoration: a frieze composed of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter cross-hatched at the outer ends.

13. Wall-fragment CE4.A1.07.fs256+331 of an askos (Fig. 40). Preserved measurements: 4 x 5.9 x 0.6/1.0cm. Handmade of refined clay, burnt to a grey shade (Munsell 7.5YR 6/1). Convex wall fragment with handle root. Preserved decoration: a bundle of three long fringes descending over the belly.

14. Wall-fragment CE4.A2.11.fs331, 263 of an askos (Fig. 41). Preserved measurements: h. 6.4 x 9.4 x 0.5cm. Handmade of refined clay. Colours: secondarily burnt to a pinkish grey shade (Munsell 5YR 7/2). Convex wall fragment. Preserved decoration: a bundle of four long fringes which descend over the belly.

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15.

42. No. 15. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A2.11.fs156, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 5.5cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

43. No. 16. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A2.11.fs203, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 5cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

Wall-fragment CE4.A2.11.fs156 (Fig. 42). Preserved measurements: h. 5.5 x 9 x 0.6/0.5 (wall). Handmade of a refined, reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6), the outside covered with pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4). Preserved decoration: a set of four horizontal parallel lines from which vertical oblique sets of lines descend, which at the upper end are crosshatched and fan out over the body.

16. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A2.11.fs203 (Fig. 43). Preserved measurements: h. 5 x 8.5 x 0.6/0.5 (wall). Handmade of a refined, reddish yellow clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6), the outside covered with pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4). Preserved decoration: a set of four horizontal parallel lines from which vertical oblique sets of lines descend, which at the upper end are crosshatched and fan out over the body.

17. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A1.15.fs41 (Fig. 44). Preserved measurements: h. 4cm (wall). Handmade from refined, reddish yellow clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6). Preserved decoration: a bundle of five fringes. 44. No. 17. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A1.15.fs41, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 4cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

45. No. 18. Wall fragment, CE4.A2.2.1.fs168, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, preserved height 2.5cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

18. Wall fragment, CE4.A2.2.1.fs168, of an askos? (Fig. 45). Preserved measurements: no diameter, h. 2.5 x 3.5 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), a paler slip covers the in- and outside of the vessel (very pale brown Munsell 10YR 7/4). Preserved decoration: a frieze composed of alternating reserved trapezium-shaped and hatched areas. The reserved ones with a large dot in the centre and fringes pending from it.

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19. Wall fragment CE4.A2.2.2.fs85 (Fig. 46) of an askos. Preserved measurements: h. 4 x 4.7 x 1.3/1.0cm. Handmade of refined clay. Preserved decoration: a bundle of four fringes.

46. No. 19. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A2.2.2.fs85, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 2.3cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

47. No. 20. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A2.2.2.fs30, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 2.5cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

20. Wall fragment CE4.A2.2.fs30 of an askos (presumably). Preserved measurements: h. 2.5 x 6 x 0.5mm (Fig. 47). Burnt. Slightly convex wall fragment. Preserved decoration: a frieze of alternating crosshatched and reserved panels (presumably).

21. Neck to shoulder fragment of an askos CE4.A2.07.fs03 (Fig. 48). Preserved measurements: h. 3 x 6.5 x 0.5cm. Fragment of a conical neck. Preserved decoration: a horizontal frieze composed of bands from which fringes descend over the body. 48. No. 21. Wall fragment of an askos, CE4.A2.07.fs03, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 3cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

49. No. 22. Wall fragments of an askos, CE4A2.07.fs335, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 4.5cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans - H. Waterbolk.

22. Wall fragment CE4.A2.07.fs335 of an askos (Fig. 49). Preserved measurements: h. 4.5 x 4.4 x 0.6/0.4cm. Convex wall. Preserved decoration: a frieze with hatched panels, cross-hatched at the ends.

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50. No. 23. Rim to shoulder fragment, FM118248, Scavi Stoop 1963-1969, diameter at transition from rim to neck 7cm.

23. Rim to shoulder fragment of a jug (Fig. 50), probably an askos, Museum of the Sibaritide inventory number FM118248, Groningen University number FMI.811-812, Scavi Stoop 196369. Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to neck 7cm, h. 6.7 x 5.7 x 0.6/0.3cm. Clay: refined with calcareous and micaceous inclusions, handmade of a yellowish red-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 5/6) with grey core. Conical neck, rim out-curved with convex lip, globular body. The decoration of the vessel consists of a horizontal line over the transition from rim to neck and a small frieze at the neck with alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels. The inside of the rim is Preserved decoration: filled triangles. The provenance given by Dr. M. W. Stoop is “Prima Stipe”, which is now known to have been part of the ‘South Fill’ (compare Chapter I, note 2).

24. Rim to shoulder fragment of an askos, AC2756 (Fig. 51), diameter at lip circa 6.5cm, h. 4.5 x 4.8 x 0.5 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a very pale brownfiring clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3), outside covered with almost white slip (Munsell 10YR 8/1), partly missing or eroded. Conical neck with short flaring rim with convex tapered lip. The diameter of the neck is widening irregularly towards the shoulder, which is a reason to consider this fragment part of a horizontal jug. Over the transition from rim to neck two small parallel and horizontal lines are painted and the transition from neck to shoulder is decorated with a frieze consisting of hatched panels alternating (presumably) with reserved panels from which fringes descend over the shoulder.

51. No. 24. Rim to shoulder fragment of an askos, AC2756, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 6.5cm.

52. No. 25. Neck fragment of an askos, AC16A.23.fs12, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter c. 10cm.

25. Neck fragment of an askos, AC16A.23.fs12 (Fig. 52), maximum diameter circa 10cm, h. 4.9 x 4.8 x 0.5 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/3). Cylindrical neck with internal angle, inside very irregular. Over the transition from neck to shoulder a frieze, which consists of hatched panels cross-hatched at the ends and alternating with reserved panels from which fringes are suspended over the body. On the neck a v-shaped motif which must be part of a stylized ‘goddess with uplifted arms’ representation, compare the remarks in Chapter I. 32

26.

Shoulder fragment, AC16a.24.fs11 (Fig. 53) of an askos (presumably). Preserved measurements: no diameter, h. 3.9 x 5.6 x 0.8 upper sherd/ 0.4 lower sherd. Handmade of a reddish-yellow firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/6), with grey core. Convex shoulder. Over the shoulder three horizontal and parallel bands, which presumably were attached to bands encircling the transition from neck to shoulder. From the lowest band a bundle of fringes is suspended over the body.

53. No. 26. Neck to shoulder fragment of an askos, AC16A.24.fs11, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 3.9cm.

27.

Upper part of the body of an askos AC16A. 29.fs134, with part of a horizontal handle (Fig. 54), preserved measurements 6 x 8.0 x 1.0cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). On the outside smooth, inside irregular. Convex wall with pronounced bump. Over the body on each side of the handle area friezes composed of alternating reserved and hatched areas are painted, the latter cross-hatched at the ends.

54. No. 27. Upper part of an askos, AC16A.29.fs134, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, height 6cm.

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55. No. 28. Neck to shoulder fragment of an askos, AC21.01.fs01, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 7cm.

28. Neck to shoulder fragment of a small askos, AC21.10.fs01 (Fig. 55). Preserved measurements: h. 7 x 6 x 0.8cm. Made in a mould of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). From the mould half an askos – from top to base - could be taken as the joint of two halve askoi is in evidence at the front’s centre. With slightly convex, conical neck and globular body. The preserved decoration consists of a set of five parallel and horizontal bands over the transition from neck to shoulder, the shoulder is Preserved decoration: on the neck a stylized ‘Goddess with uplifted arms’ representation may have been present (compare the remarks in the introduction to chapter I).

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CHAPTER III LARGE CUPS WITH ONE (ATTINGITOIO , DIPPERCUP TYPE) OR TWO HANDLES (KANTHAROI) IN FRINGE STYLE 3.1. Introduction 56. A wide, open vessel from Gravina (named tazza = cup by Douwe Yntema), attributed to the Late Geometric period, 730-680 BC. Rim diameter 15.5cm. (after Yntema 1990, Fig. 146).

57. Dipper cup from S. Leonardo di Pisticci, attributed to the Late Geometric period, ‘Lined Fringe Style’, 730-680 BC. Decorated with a frieze consisting of parallel and horizontal bands, with from the latter bell-shaped fringes. A line around the rim and along the contours of the handle which join the ‘moustache’ at the end of the frieze. Rim diameter 8.3cm. (after Yntema 1990, Fig. 145).

Although in most cases the handles of the cups are not preserved, it can be surmised on the basis of the cups with preserved handles or fragments of handles (e.g. Cat. nos. 30, 33, 47, 53, 61, 66, 67, 75) that the majority of the vessels in this category had a single vertical strap handle rising a little less than circa half its height above the rim. Elsewhere this vessel shape is hitherto either relatively rare or has not been identified, although fragments found at Castrovillari certainly also are identified as cups.1 The fragments of wide and shallow cups from Gravina (for example the one illustrated in Fig. 56) are reconstructed with a staff handle which is horizontally attached in oblique position to the maximum diameter of the body (Yntema form 4, Bradano Late Geometric).2 The fragments of vessels from the Timpone della Motta with rim diameters above 15cm - Cat. no. 29 (AC2811.fs01); Cat. no. 31 (AC2639.fs01); Cat. no. 34 (AC17.15.fs65); Cat. no. 48 (AC17.15.fs653); Cat. no. 51 (AC16A.29.fs108), may have been fitted with a handle in the same position as proposed for the Gravina specimen. Such wide forms may have functioned as bowls rather than cups. The rim diameter, however, offers no certainty as wide vessels were also fitted with large vertical strap handles, as for instance Cat. no. 66 demonstrates. Another puzzle difficult to solve for lack of handles is which vessels will have been kantharoi. Although one of the best examples of the Classical Fringe Style is found on a kantharos (Fig. 5) from a man’s grave, T87, in the Temparella cluster of graves in the Macchiabate necropolis,3 it is felt that the cups from the Timpone della Motta sanctuary cannot all have been such kantharoi, especially the smaller specimens with rim diameters below 13cm

Cf. Chapter I, Figs. 3-4. Yntema 1990, 156. 3 Cf. Chapter I note 13. 1 2

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more likely were one-handled cups. The type is present in the illustrations belonging to the discussion of the cup-shapes from the graves of the necropolis near Santa Maria d’Anglona.4 In volume I of this series of publications of the Matt-painted pottery from the Timpone della Motta shallow, wide cups, to which most of those decorated with fringed friezes belong, have been separated from globular mugs/juglets (by others called deep cups) on the bases of form and function.5 It seems that the open, shallow cups gained much in popularity during the Late Geometric period, while the globular type becomes in this period reserved for small vessels with simplified Fringe or Banded Style decoration (Chapter V). There are some larger intermediate vessels like the one illustrated in Fig. 58a, which are kept with the closed vessels (Chapter V), because with their more globular form they are closer to jugs than to open cups. Interestingly, with these vessels the frieze is not placed directly below the rim but separated from it by a reserved area divided in compartments by sets of vertical lines or in the case of the mug/juglet illustrated in Fig. 58a there is a double frieze. The number of fragments of cups decorated with fringed friezes of alternating hatched and reserved panels was sufficient to allow a reconstruction of their complete form, an example in point is below Cat. no. 66 = no. AC22.04.09etc.+22A.11.fs01etc. This revealed that the ratio of width to height in these cups is usually ca. 2:1. The greatest diameter of the above mentioned specimen, for example, is ca. 20cm by a height of ca. 10cm; its wide strap handle extends above the rim for another 4.2cm. Another fragment with a complete profile from base to rim, Cat. no. 30 (FM I 895+2811.fs02) measures ca. 14cm in diameter by a height of ca. 7cm. These cups have compressed globular bellies or, less often, one with a carena. Cat. no. 92 (AC16A.29.fs03) is an example of the latter type; at its greatest diameter this vessel has a sharp ridge, below which is a convex belly and above a slightly less convex shoulder. The shoulder is decorated with a panelled frieze interrupted at the handle zone, and composed of hatched panels alternating with reserved ones. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles, and small dashes are painted at the attachment of the raised vertical handle. Cat. no. 57 (AC21.10.fs04) is a fragment of another dipper cup with a sharp turn at its maximum diameter; painted on its shoulder is a fringed panelled frieze. The just mentioned cup Cat. no. 57 only distinguishes itself from the also just mentioned cup Cat. no. 92 in its decoration, which has been applied by two brushes of different width, a broad one for the outlines and a narrow one for the inner hatching and the fringes. On other fragments – which are usually painted with less care - such tool differences are much less obvious. Fragment Cat. no. 55 (AC17A.13.fs15) also shows the use of different brushes; the effect is more pronounced, however, on Cat. no. 51 (AC16A.29.fs108), with its broad brownish strokes for outer lines and thin horizontal stripes applied to the decorative panel. The rather carefully applied decoration has a refined effect, whereas many more sloppily painted cups lack this finishing touch. One of the best examples of what can be described as a ‘classical’ decoration in the Fringe Style is fragment Cat. no. 30 (AC2811.fs02), from the ash layer in Trench C13 and matching a fragment found during the Scavi Stoop 1963-69. On this cup much of the original slip is intact, to the extent that it clearly illustrates the effect the painters tried to achieve with their Fringe Style friezes: the almost ivory-coloured reserved areas of the frieze on this cup form a pleasing contrast with the ‘charcoal’ hatched areas. Also the inside of this cup was completely covered in slip, which is especially thick on the inner rim where its pale shade, again, contrasts nicely with the darkly filled triangles. In another type of decoration, perhaps a variation on this preference for contrasting ivory-coloured empty trapeziums and hatched ones, small dots are placed in reserved trapeziums (e.g. cup Cat. nos. 77-80). Vessels labelled here as ‘classical’ are covered in an ivory to pale pink, rather thick slip (Munsell 10YR 8/2, very pale brown is close) of a colour that is different from the vessels’ fabric, which is often pink (Munsell

4 5

Bailo Modesti et al. 1999, Fig. 7D, compare Kleibrink, Barresi & Fasanella Masci 2012, Fig. 40, no. 1. Kleibrink, Barresi & Fasanella Masci 2012, 34-42.

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7.5YR 7/4). Of the vessels that were polished to a thin slip almost the colour of the paste, a technique labelled ‘self-slip’, only a few are decorated in the Fringe Style (e.g. Cat. no. 47 = AC16.12.fs238). Slip was never observed, however, on Fringe Style cups of reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6 or 8/6), and it is doubtful that these ever carried any. The cups Cat. no. 56 (AC17A.13.fs15), Cat. no. 85 (AC16.16.fs22), Cat. no. 88 (AC16A.18.fs15), Cat. no. 89 (AC16A.22.fs111), Cat. no. 97 (AC22.04.fs03 +AC22A.11.fs27), Cat. no. 99 (AC23.02.fs18), Cat. no. 100 (AC23.05.fs21) are all made from the same kind of reddish yellow-firing clay with a grey core. Many of these are decorated in Fringe Style with crosshatched finishing.6 The pot-bellied fragment Cat. no. 88 (AC16A.18.fs15) has an irregular interior and may therefore come from a closed vessel form. However, the exterior is also uneven, which suggests that it may in fact be a cup fragment. The shoulder carries the usual frieze, this time applied with strongly oblique cross-hatching lines and long fringes. The effect is pleasing, but different from that of ‘fine’-style cups like AC16.02.fs257 (no. 49). The vessel’s hard-fired clay with a grey core shows two colours; the core is pink (Munsell 5YR 7/4), the outside burnt to a reddish yellow (Munsell 5YR 7/8) to gray (Munsell 5YR 6/1), the latter approaching that of the category of the ‘red’ dipper cups with fringed friezes which bears strong resemblance to those with Cross-Hatched Band friezes also found on vessels in red clay with a grey core. Judging by e.g. fragment Cat. no. 53 (AC17.19b.fs78) most sides of handles of ‘classical’ dipper cups carried no vertical lines, unlike the handles of cups with fringed friezes with more open hatching or with hatched panels with cross-hatched finishing, a type that is probably slightly later in date (compare Cat. no. 94). The handles on earlier cups carried only sets of horizontal lines, one set usually at the same height of the frieze (on intact cups), and two more at each end near the handle attachment. Most of these handles are slightly ‘saddled’, a term used to describe a concave profile, the sides slightly raised from the centre. Important contexts with ‘classical’ dipper cups are the ones of ash in trench AC06 (Cat. nos. 39 and 40) and Cat. nos. 29 and 30 of the ash stratum in trench C13; the fragments Cat. nos. 37 and 38 from the secondary ash layer in trench AC03 and a fragment from the loom weight context AC02.32 (Cat. no. 32) as well as a fragment from AC16A.18 (Cat. no. 33) and one from AC21.10 (Cat. no. 35). These finds indicate that the classical version of the Fringe Style production must have started sometime late in the Middle Geometric or early in the Late Geometric I period. As already stated in Chapter I, the most important contexts, however, are those of AC22A.11 and 10 with Cat. nos. 59-66, which produced several, differently decorated Fringe Style vessels. The decoration on no. AC22.04.09etc.+22A.11.fs01etc (Cat. no. 66), a large fragment of a complete cup, may be regarded as a more elaborate form of Fringe Style, in the sense that it contains no cross-hatching or suspended bundles of fringes but instead carefully drawn horizontal lines below a thicker line on the transition from rim to shoulder, and an equally carefully applied row of filled triangles instead of bundles of fringes. The mug/juglet Cat. no. 224 (AC22A.11.fs06+fs09 ), yet another interesting, very thin-walled vessel and almost complete except for the handle, lacks the ‘classical’ open shape of most large Francavilla Marittima Matt-painted cups, having instead a closed, almost globular form. This creates enough room on the neck for an application with vertical bands, an element the lower cups lack, and also for very long bundles of fringes suspended from the reserved areas of the frieze. The third example, fragment AC22A.11.fs22 (Cat. no. 59), belongs to a category of cups decorated in the ‘fine’ Fringe Style; it is possibly slightly older than the other two specimens. These three vessels, together with the cups nos. 60-65, all come from the well-dated Late Geometric II assemblage, which also included fragments of two Proto-Corinthian pyxides, and which is one of the pivots on which the chronology of the Fringe Style hinges. 7 As was explained in Chapter I, the contents of the square timber building CE4 on Plateau I represent another pivot. This context also contained Fringe Style vessels in combination with pottery decorated in a Greek style dated to ca. 725-680BC according to the Pithekoussai chronology.8 The Fringe Style vessels 6 7 8

Compare also a rim fragment of a Fringe Style cup from the former Bern collection: Kleibrink 2008, Cat. III.13. Kleibrink 2006a, 2006b; Jacobsen et al. 2010, A193, A194, dated LG/EPC. Kleibrink 2006a, 2006b.

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from this feature are confusingly varied in manufacture and style. First, there is the handmade, large, thickwalled mug/juglet Cat. no. 222 (CE4.A2.02.fs21+etc., illustrated in Fig. 58a), decorated with a painted shoulder frieze in thick lines and with bundles of equally thick fringes. The style of decoration somewhat resembles that of an askos from the same context, CE4.A2.04.fs.r10 (Cat. no. 1), in that it is more crudely executed than the decoration on the rest of the Matt-painted pottery from these contexts. The decoration on another askos from the same context (Cat. no. 2, CE4.A2.04.R09), however, is closer to the fringed friezes painted on the dipper cups presented in this Chapter. Then there are two almost identical cups, CE4.A2.04.fs.r13 (Fig. no. 58b) and CE4.A2.04.fs.r21, both finished on the wheel and both carrying simpler friezes of hatched small bands, which is a trait of the Matt-painted Miniature Style.9 Alongside vessels with crudely painted fringes are encountered others carrying decorations with bell-shaped fringes e.g. Cat. No. 285 (CE4.A3.14.146etc); Cat. no. 269 (CE4.A3.14.fs146) and handles lined with bands cat. no. 277 (CE4.A2.11.226etc.), the latter usually in combination with long pointed lines descending from the handles at both sides (so-called ‘moustaches’). These stylistic traits together render it likely that the pottery from the Oenotrian building on Plateau I of the Timpone della Motta spans at least the last half of the 8th century, and perhaps the first decades of the 7th century BC as well.

58a. A single-handle, globular mug/juglet, CE4.A2.-2.1.80 etc., diameter lip ca. 10cm. Timber dwelling CE4 on Plateau I, Timpone della Motta. National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari (compare Cat. no. 222).

58b. Cup in Miniature Style, CE.4A2.04.11.ms103, 164, 258 etc., diameter lip ca. 12.5cm. Timber structure CE4 on Plateau I, Timpone della Motta. National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide, Sibari.

Most cups carry friezes with trapeziums in the reserved areas, something the painters of the Fringe Style seem to have been fond of. Although there may not be enough fragments to prove the case, in this fondness of trapeziums the Fringe Style painters appear to have distinguished themselves from their colleagues working in the Cross-hatched Band Style, in which the reserved areas are usually square or sometimes rectangular, and the panels cross-hatched and divided into tiny squares (e.g. fragments Cat. no. 299 and no. 300 (Chapter VII). A difference is observable in the composition of the fringed friezes, in that ‘classical’ friezes juxtapose hatched areas with reserved ones, whereas in other friezes – usually executed with less care – the hatched areas are cross-hatched at both ends. On small vessels the reserved areas are often omitted and the shoulder friezes limited to sets of horizontal lines.

9

To be published in the next volume in this series on the Miniature Style.

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3.2

Fringe Style dipper cups and kantharoi from the Timpone della Motta

‘Classical’ Fringe Style

29. Rim to base fragment, AC2811.fs01 (Fig. 59), of a bowl or cup, diameter at lip 19cm, height 10 x 7 x 0.6cm. Weight: 85 gr. Handmade of a pale yellowfiring clay (Munsell 2.5YR 7/3), a pale yellow slip covers the inside and outside (Munsell 2.5YR 8/2). On the reserved panels extra thick slip. Outcurving rim and tapering lip, a somewhat pronounced, convex shoulder and flat base. Decorated with alternating reserved, trapeziumshaped and hatched panels. On the belly painted fringes are suspended from the reserved areas. The internal rim is decorated with filled triangles. One of the best examples of a group of “Classical” Fringe Style vessels. From the ash layer in trench C13 in the Weaving House courtyard. Ref.: Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, Pl. 18.

Fig. 59, No. 29. Rim to body fragment, AC2811.fs01, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 19cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans, H. Waterbolk.

30. Rim to shoulder fragments of a cup (Fig. 60), Scavi Stoop 1963-69 - Groningen University number FM I 895, and AC2811.02 of the Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004. Diameter lip ca 14.5cm, preserved height 7.4 x thickness body 0.6 x thickness lip 0.5cm, width handle 5.5cm, thickness at maximum diameter 1.0cm. Colours ranging from pink (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) to very pale brown (Munsell 10 YR 7/4), slip very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/2). Slip on the reserved panels extra thick. Outcurving rim, convex on the inside and with tapering lip, a somewhat angular shoulder. Decorated with a line around the transition from rim to shoulder and a shoulder frieze 39

of alternating reserved, trapezium-shaped and hatched panels, on the belly painted fringes suspended from the reserved areas. The internal rim is decorated with filled triangles. One of a group of “Classical” Fringe Style vessels. From the ash layer in Trench C1 in the Weaving House courtyard and the South Fill (for the latter compare Chapter I, note 63).

Fig. 60. No. 30. Rim to lower body fragment, Scavi Stoop 1963’69 (Groningen University number FM.I.895) and AC2811.fs02 of the Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 14.5cm.

61. No. 31. Rim to body fragment, AC2639.fs01, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 17cm.

31. Rim to lower body fragment, AC2639.fs01 (Fig. 61), of a bowl or cup, diameter lip 17.5cm, height 6.9 x 7.6 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 8/3) a very pale brown slip covers the vessel’s inside and outside (Munsell 10YR 8/2). Outcurving rim and tapering lip on a squat globular body. On the shoulder a frieze composed of reserved trapezium-shaped areas alternating with hatched ones, from the reserved areas pending fringes. Found on the bedrock in the courtyard of the Weaving House. Ref..: Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, Pl. 17.

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32. Shoulder fragment, AC02.32.fs06 (Fig. 62), of an open vessel. Preserved measurements: maximum diameter circa 16/18cm, h. 3.4 x 5.4 x 0.7/0.4cm. Handmade of a refined, palebrown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 6/2), with a very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 7/3) - the clay contains much lime inclusion and the slip is much corroded. With convex shoulder and outcurving rim. The shoulder is decorated with a frieze composed of alternating reserved and hatched panels.

62. No. 32. Shoulder fragment, AC02.32.fs06, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 16/18cm.

63. No. 33. Rim to lower body fragment of a cup, AC16A.18.fs84, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip circa 10cm.

Old photograph

33. Rim to lower body fragment of a cup, AC16A.18.fs84 (Fig. 63). Preserved measurements: diameter lip 10cm, h. 6 x 4.5 x maximum thickness 0.4cm. At the rim a very small part of a handle attachment has been preserved. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/4). On the trapezium-shaped reserved area a thick slip, very pale brown in colour (Munsell 10YR 8/2). On the outside and inside smooth. Out-curved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels. The inside of the rim was decorated with dashes.

34. Rim to belly fragment of a cup or bowl AC17.15.fs65 (Fig. 64). Preserved measurements: maximum diameter 16/18cm, h. 7.0 x 6.0 x 060.3cm. Handmade of pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), slip on both sides in the same colour. With out-curved rim and tapered, convex lip, the body is compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating 41

reserved and hatched panels, fringes are pending from the reserved ones. The inside of the rim is decorated with dashes. The fragment could not be found after the removal of the material from the Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004 from the Parco del Cavallo storage at Sibari.

64. No. 34. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.15.fs65, maximum diameter 16/18cm.

35. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC21.10.fs12 (Fig. 65), diameter at lip 15cm, h. 4.2 x 9.5 x 1.0/0.5 – 0.4cm. Handmade of a very pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3), slip white (Munsell 10YR 8/1). On the outside smooth, inside also fairly smooth. The slip severely eroded. With flaring rim and tapered lip, convex shoulder. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels; from the reserved one fringes descend over the belly. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles.

65. No. 35. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC21.10.fs12+11.fs04, diameter at lip 15cm.

36. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC22.01.fs04 (Fig. 66), diameter at lip 13cm, h. 5.6 x 6.9 x 0.8/0.4 – 0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), a very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 42

66. No. 36. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC22.01.fs04, diameter at lip 13/14cm.

67. No. 37. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC03.16.fs19, diameter at lip 14cm.

68. No. 38. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC03.14.fs06, diameter transition from rim to shoulder circa 15cm.

8/4) covers the outside as well as the inside rim. With flaring rim and tapered lip, compressed globular body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, from the reserved trapezium 3 fringes are painted over the belly. The inside rim is decorated with filled triangles. Made in the coiling technique, at the inside one feels that the coils are flattened with a pebble and brush strokes are also in evidence.

37. Rim to body fragment of a cup, AC03.16.fs19 (Fig. 67). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 14cm, h. 4.6 x 6.0 x 0.8/0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4); the slip (in almost the same colour) is partly eroded at the lower end. The rim is made separately and added. Out-curved rim with convex lip and convex shoulder. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. A relatively light fragment with lime inclusions and balanced decoration.

38. Rim to shoulder fragment, AC03.14.fs06 (Fig. 68), of a cup. Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder circa 15cm. Handmade of a pink firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), a very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/2) slip covers the outside and the inside rim of the vessel. With out-curved rim and tapered lip, presumably on a compressed globular body. The shoulder is decorated with a frieze composed of alternating reserved trapezium-shaped and hatched areas, only part of one hatched panel is preserved. The type of decoration can be established because the outer horizontal bands are broader than the inner ones. The inside rim is decorated with dashes.

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39. Rim to lower body fragment, AC06.cenere1.fs18 (Fig. 69), of a small cup. Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 11cm, h. 4.7 x 5.5 x 0.4cm. Handmade from a reddish-yelllow firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/6), a very dark grayish brown slip covers the in-and outside of the vessel (Munsell 10YR 3/2). With out-curved rim, tapered lip and compressed globular body. On the shoulder a frieze composed of trapezium-shaped reserved areas alternating with hatched ones, from the reserved areas fringes. Publ. Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, 31, Pl. 18. The fragment could not be found after the removal of the material from the Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004 from the Parco del Cavallo storage at Sibari.

69. No. 39. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere01.fs18, diameter at lip 11cm. Drawing M. Sangineto, H. Waterbolk.

40. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC06.cenere02.fs01 (Fig. 70). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip circa 15cm, h. 5.7 x 4.2 x 0.6 – 0.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4); the slip covering the inside as well as the outside is very pale brown in colour (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With out-curved rim and tapered lip, the body is presumably compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, from the reserved panels fringes are painted over the belly. The inside of the rim is decorated with a zigzag band (the lower part of possible filled triangles does not seem eroded away). 70. No. 40. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC06.cenere 02.fs01, diameter lip 15cm.

41. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC16A.26.fs19 (Fig. 71). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 12cm, h. 3.9 x 5.3 x 0.7/0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), surfaces much eroded. With out-curved rim and convex lip. 44

On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels.

71. No. 41. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.26.fs19, diameter at lip 12cm.

42. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC10.by.fs30 (Fig. 72). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 12cm, h. 5 x 6.5 x 0.3cm. Handmade of a very pale-brown firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/4), a slightly lighter slip covers both sides (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With gently out-curved rim and convex lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and almost certainly hatched panels, because the upper-and lowermost bands are thicker than the bands in between, which is usual for friezes composed of alternating reserved and hatched panels. The inside of the rim is decorated with dashes. 72. No. 42. Shoulder fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC10.by.fs30, diameter at lip 12cm.

Fine Fringe Style

43. Rim to shoulder-fragment, AC/AP2051.fs06 (Fig. 73), of a cup. Preserved measurements: diameter lip circa 14cm, height 2.8 x 4.7 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/3). Conical shoulder and out-curved rim with convex lip. Decorated with a frieze of small reserved rectangles alternating with hatched ones. Publ. : Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, pl. 18. 73. No. 43. Rim to body fragment, AC/AP2051.fs06, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter lip 14cm.

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44. Rim to shoulder fragment AC05.05/06.fs03 of a cup (Fig. 74). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 14cm, h. 4 x 6.2 x 0.5cm. Handmade of pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5 YR 7/4), no slip. Decorated on the shoulder with a frieze consisting of alternating hatched and reserved panels (because the outer lines are broader than the inner ones such a decoration may be presumed). On the inside of the lip faint traces of a decoration of filled triangles. 74. No. 44. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC05.05/06.fs03, diameter at lip 14cm.

75. No. 45. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC05.05/06.fs04, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 10cm.

45. Rim to body fragment, AC05.05/06.fs04 (Fig. 75), of a cup. Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 10cm, h. 5.9 x 4.6 x 0.8cm. Handmade of a light-brown firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 6/6), a very pale-brown slip covers the outside of the vessel (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With convex shoulder and out-curved rim with tapered lip. The shoulder is decorated with a frieze composed of six horizontal, parallel lines. In this case it cannot be established whether the shoulder frieze consisted of alternating hatched and reserved panels, because the difference in thickness between the outer and inner bands is only slight. On the bases of the equally slight difference between the bands painted on e.g. Cat. no. 36, it may be surmised that the cup was decorated with the usual type of frieze, consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels.

46. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, AC15.23.fs01 (Fig. 76). Preserved measurements: at transition from rim to shoulder circa 14cm, h. 4.2 x 3.8 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With out-curved rim and convex lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. 46

76. No. 46. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, AC15. 23.fs01, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, preserved height 4.2cm.

47a. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC16.12.fs238a (Fig. 77a), diameter at lip between 14 and 16cm, h. 7.2 (with handle) x 7.5 x 0.3/0.5 – 0.4cm. Handle h. 6 x width 3 x thickness 1.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay in the coiling technique (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), self slip on both sides. With long, flaring rim and tapered lip, convex shoulder and compressed globular body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, from the ends near the handle fringes are painted over the belly. The handle is decorated with sets of horizontal plain bands placed above and below the frieze as well as at the top. The cup must have shown an interesting Fringe Style decoration, not in the ‘Classical’ style but with a thinner and harder wall and decorated with more and thinner bands. Comment: in the administration of the drawings this fragment and the next one received identical numbers, one, however is a fragment without context AC,spor, fs09. 77a. No. 47a. Rim to body fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16.12.fs238a, diameter at lip between 11 and 13cm.

77b. No. 47b. Rim to body fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16.12.fs238b, diameter at lip between 14 and 16cm

47

47b. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC16.12.fs238b (Fig. 77b), diameter at lip between 14 and 16cm, h. 7.0 (with handle) x 7.7 x 0.3/0.5 – 0.4cm. Handle h. 5.8 x width 2.8 x thickness 0.8cm. Handmade of a pinkfiring clay in the coiling technique (Munsell

7.5YR 7/4), self slip on both sides. With long, flaring rim and tapered lip, convex shoulder and compressed globular body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, from the ends near the handle fringes are painted over the belly. The handle is decorated with sets of horizontal plain bands placed above and below the frieze as well as at the top. Comment: in the administration of the drawings this fragment and the previous one received identical numbers, one, however is a fragment without context AC,spor, fs09.

48. Rim to belly fragment of a cup or bowl, AC17.15.fs653 (Fig. 78). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip circa 16cm, h. 6.4 x 8.2 x 0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), slip on both sides in the same colour. With out-curved rim and convex lip, the body is compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of horizontal and parallel bands of almost equal thickness. In this case it cannot be established whether the frieze consisted of alternating reserved and hatched panels with fringes hanging over the belly; it can only be presumed. The inside of the rim is decorated with dashes.

78. No. 48. Rim to belly fragment of a bowl or cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.15.fs65, maximum diameter 16cm.

49. Rim to body fragment, AC16.02.fs257 (Fig. 79), of a large cup or bowl. Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 15cm; h. 6.3 x 9 x 0.5 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a refined, medium compact, porous clay with white mica inclusions.. Of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), slipped very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 7/4). With out-turned rim and tapering lip. Finished on a slow-revolving table. 48

On the shoulder a frieze consisting of reserved trapezoid panels and horizontally hatched panels, from the reserved areas fringes, interior rim with filled triangles. Fine style, resembles the pots decorated in the Classical style but the decoration is a bit more careless and the clay is finer and softer.

79. No. 49. Rim to belly fragment, AC16.02.fs257, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 15cm.

50. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, AC16A.26/25.fs03 (Fig. 80). Preserved measurements: diameter at the transition from rim to shoulder 12/15cm, h. 5.3 x 6.5 x 0.6 - 0.3cm. Handmade of a very pale-brown firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3), on the outside and inside a smooth slip in the same colour. With out-curved rim and convex lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels. From the corners of the hatched panels bundles of long fringes. The inside rim is decorated with filled triangles.

80. No. 50. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.26/25.fs03, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 12/15cm.

51. Rim to belly fragment of a bowl, AC16A.29.fs108 (Fig. 81). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 17cm, h. 5.7 x 6.8 x 0.7/1.0 - 0.6cm. Handmade of a very pale-brown firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/3), slip pale yellow (Munsell 2.5YR 8.2). Outside and inside smooth. With out-curved rim and convex, tapered lip, on compressed globular body. 49

On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels. The inside rim is decorated with filled triangles.

81. No. 51. Fragment of a bowl/cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.29.fs108, diameter lip 17cm.

82. No. 52. Fragment of a bowl/cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.29.fs24, diameter lip 17cm.

52. Rim (broken) to belly fragment of a cup, AC16A.29.fs24 (Fig. 82). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 12/13cm, h. 4.7 x 5.0 x 0.6cm. Handmade of a pink - firing clay, with pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With out-curved rim, the body is compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels.

53. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC17.19b.fs78 (Fig. 83). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 12cm, h. 7.5 x 7.8 x 0.5 – 0.5cm. Handle 7.7 x 3 x 0.7cm, rising 3.6cm above the rim. Handmade of a pink - firing clay, with pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With out-curved rim and convex lip, the body is compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably), the inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. On the inside handle perhaps the imprint of letters are in evidence.

50

83. No. 53. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.19b.fs78, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 12cm.

84. No. 54. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17A.01.fs05, diameter circa 12cm.

54. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup AC17A.01.fs05 (Fig. 84), diameter at transition from rim to shoulder circa 12cm, h. 4.6 x 5.9 x 0.6cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), slip on both sides in the same colour. With out-curved rim and convex lip, the body must have been compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels. 55. Wall fragment of a cup AC17.19b.fs61 (Fig. 85). Preserved measurements: no diameter, h. 9.2 x 5.3 x 0.9cm. Handmade of very pale brown firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/4), no slip. Body with a sharp carena. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably), from the reserved ones bundles of fringes.

85. No. 55. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC17.19b. fs91, no diameter.

51

56. Shoulder fragment of a bowl/cup, AC17A.13.fs15 (Fig. 86), maximum diameter 16cm, h. 3.5 x 5.5 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/6). Rounded carina between shoulder and belly. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, from the reserved panel a set of fringes.

86. No. 56. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC17A.13.fs15, maximum diameter 16cm.

87. No. 57. Rim to lower body of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC21.10.fs04, maximum diameter 19cm.

88. No. 58. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC22.04.fs20, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 15cm.

57. Rim to lower body fragment of a bowl/cup, AC21.10.fs04 (Fig. 87), maximum diameter 19cm, h. 9 x 10.4 x 1.0/0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/3). On both surfaces a slip in the same colour. Convex shoulder and carena at the maximum diameter. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels. From the reserved panels bundles of fringes. The cup belongs to the “Fine style” although the painting is somewhat more slipshod than usual.

58. Rim to shoulder fragment of a bowl/ wide cup, AC22.04.fs20 (Fig. 88), diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 15cm, h. 5.6 x 9.9 x 0.6/0.4 – 0.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), a very pale brown slip covers both surfaces (Munsell 10YR 8/4). With flaring rim and tapered lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably).

59. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC22A.11.fs22 (Fig. 89), diameter at lip 15cm, h. 6.0 x 11.5 x 0.7/05 – 0.34cm. Handmade of a very pale brownfiring clay (Munsell 10YR 7/4), slip on the outside and inside very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/3). 52

With flaring rim and tapered lip, compressed globular body with rounded carena. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, from the reserved trapezium 6 fringes are painted over the belly. On the inside rim filled triangles. On the inside a horizontal ridge indicates an application by hand of the rim to the shoulder.

89. No. 59. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC22A.11.fs22, diameter lip 15cm.

60. Rim to belly fragment of a wide cup/bowl, AC22A.10.fs13b (Fig. 90), diameter at lip 18cm, preserved height 4.9 x 6 x 0.9/0.5 – 0.6cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), a very pale brown slip covers the outside. With out-curved rim and tapered lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of hatched panels, presumably alternating with reserved ones. A horizontal ridge on the outside indicates the application of the rim to the shoulder.

90. No. 60. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC22A.10.fs13b, diameter at lip 18cm.

61. Rim to belly fragment of a wide cup/bowl or kantharos, AC22A.10.fs09 (Fig. 91), diameter at lip 12cm, preserved height 9cm (with handle root) x 10.2 x 0.7/0.5 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Secondarily burnt along the edges. With out-curved rim and tapered lip, the body with carena. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of hatched panels probably alternating with reserved ones. The frieze is interrupted by a reserved area underneath the handle. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. The inside of the handle has a decoration of parallel bands near the rim. 53

91. No. 61. Rim to body fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC22A.10.fs09, diameter at lip 12cm.

62. Rim to belly fragment of a wide cup/bowl, AC22A.10.fs13a (Fig. 92), diameter at lip circa 15cm, preserved height 6cm. Handmade of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), no slip. With out-curved rim and tapered lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of hatched panels, presumably alternating with reserved ones.

92. No. 62. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC22A.10.fs13a, diameter at lip circa 15cm.

63. Rim to belly fragment of a wide cup or bowl, AC22A.10.fs13b (Fig. 93), diameter at lip 14cm, preserved height 5.4 x 7 x 0.8cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With out-curved rim and tapered lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of hatched panels, presumably alternating with reserved ones. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles and its outer end is flattened.

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93. No. 63. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC22A.10.fs13b, diameter at lip 14cm.

94. No. 64. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC22A.10.fs22, diameter at lip 12cm.

64. Rim to belly fragment of a cup AC22A.10.fs22 (Fig. 94), diameter at lip 12cm, preserved height 4.8 x 7.2 x 0.5/0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With out-curved rim and tapered lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of hatched panels perhaps alternating with reserved ones, from the corner a set of three fringes descends over the belly. The left hand area is reserved and originally was located below the vertical handle of which the broken attachment to the lip is in evidence. The inside of the rim presumably was decorated with sets of dashes, three of these are still in evidence next to the handle.

65. Rim to body fragment with parts of a vertical strap handle of a bowl or large dipper cup, AC22A.10 fs39 + fs12 (Fig. 95). Diameter lip 16cm, height 4.3cm, made by hand of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6), on the outside a pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Strongly out-curved rim, convex at the lower side and with convex lip. The decoration consists of a frieze applied around the shoulder, consisting of reserved areas alternating with hatched panels, from the reserved panels fringes were descending. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. Fine style.

95. No. 65. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC22A.10.fs39+fs12), diameter at lip 16cm.

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66. Rim to lower belly fragments of a bowl/wide cup, AC22.04.fs09, 13, 57 + AC22A.11.01, 09 (Fig. 96), diameter at lip 17.2cm, preserved height 8 x maximum diameter 19.5cm x thickness x 0.9/0.5 – 0.6cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), a very pale brown slip covers both surfaces (Munsell 10YR 8/4). With out-turned rim and convex lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels. Triangular fringes descend from the lowest line of the frieze. The handle is decorated with bundles of horizontal lines placed above and below the frieze. The inside is decorated with filled triangles. Ref.: Kleibrink 2006, 146, Fig. 2.

96. No. 66. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC22.04.fs09, 13, 57 + AC22A.11.01, diameter at lip 17.2cm.

67. Complete cup, AC2812.fs11 (Fig. 97), only a part of its vertical strap handle missing. Maximum diameter 13.8cm, diameter at base 6.5cm, height 9.5 x 10.7 x thickness lip 0.7cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/3), covered with pink slip on both sides (Munsell 7.5YR 8/1). Outturned rim with tapering lip, compressed globular body, raised base slightly concave underneath. Decorated with three parallel, horizontal lines 56

97. No. 67. Rim to body fragment, AC2812.fs11, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 13.8cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans, H. Waterbolk.

on the transition from rim to shoulder, and a shoulder frieze consisting of alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels. On the belly painted sets of fringes are suspended from the reserved areas and near the handle. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles; on top of the handle a small ‘a tenda’ motif with three inscribed triangles and fringes suspended to the side. This decoration is different from that found on most cups in that the frieze is not placed below the rim but separated from it by a reserved area divided in compartments by sets of for lines. But for the curious, loosely striped ends of the frieze flanking the handle the decoration of this cup is more at home among the Cross-hatched Band Style published in a previous volume on Matt-painted pottery from Francavilla Marittima (Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2013). The specimen, with its cross-hatched panels, provides a link between the (later) Middle Geometric Fringe Style and the cups with hatched panels, which start in the (later) Middle Geometric period. The vessel’s shape is intermediate between the open dipper cup types and the closed forms of the mugs/juglets (compare Cat. nos. 222-225); those vessels, however have a more pronounced neck. The cup could not be found among the Francavilla Marittima material in Riserva II of the National Archaeological Museum of the Sibaritide; it may have been moved to another location unknown to the author. Trench D14, ash layer on the outside of a post hole of Temple V.c.

Ref.: Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, 23-24, Pl. 10.

68. Rim to shoulder fragment Scavi Stoop 196369, FM64706 (Fig. 98), of a cup, diameter at carena 9/10cm, height 6.2 x 5.8 x 0.6/0.35 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4) and covered with a wash of pinkish white (Munsell 7.5YR 8/2). Slightly outcurving rim and tapering lip. On the transition from rim to neck are two painted horizontal and parallel lines; the 57

98. No. 68. Rim to body fragment, FM64706, Scavi Stoop 1963-69, diameter at carena 9/10cm.

reserved neck is divided into compartments by sets of four horizontal lines. On the shoulder is a small frieze consisting of hatched panels alternating with reserved ones; from the latter hangs a bundle of fringes. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. Like the decoration of the previous cup, the decoration on this one is different from that found on most cups in that the frieze is not placed below the rim but separated from it by a reserved area divided in compartments by sets of for lines. Scavi Stoop 1963-’69, “Stipe I”, which nowadays is reckoned to have been part of the extensive South fill, cf. Chapter I, note 2.

Loose Fringe Style

69. Rim to shoulder fragment, AC2717.fs00 (Fig. 99), of an open vessel. Dimensions: 4 x 6 x 0.5. Colour: paste reddish yellow (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6). Partly preserved flaring rim. Decorated with a frieze composed of alternating reserved and hatched rectangles, fringes are suspended from the latter. Ref.: Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, Pl. 19. 99. No. 69. Rim to body fragment, AC2717.fs00, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, preserved height 4cm. Drawing M. Sangineto, H. Waterbolk.

70. Shoulder-fragment, AC2895.fs01 (Fig. 100), of a cup (presumably). Preserved measurements: height 3.5 x 3.3 x 0.6cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/3). Conical shoulder and partly preserved, flaring rim. Decorated with a frieze with very small reserved rectangles alternating with hatched ones. Ref. : Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, pl. 19.

100. No. 70. Rim to body fragment, AC2895.fs01, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, preserved height 3.5cm. Drawing M. Sangineto, H. Waterbolk.

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71. Shoulder-fragment, AC10.18.fs04 (Fig. 101), of a cup (presumably). Diameter circa 13/14cm. Preserved measurements: height 2.9 x 6.4 x 0.7cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/3). No slip preserved. Convex shoulder and attachment of flaring rim partly preserved. Decorated with a frieze with alternating reserved rectangles and hatched ones. 101. No. 71. Rim to body fragment, AC10.18.fs04, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 13/14cm.

Fragments from the “Kerameikos” area, in fine Fringe Style 72. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, K86 (Fig. 102). Preserved measurements: diameter at shoulder 14/16cm, h. 4.8 x 8 x 0.8cm. Handmade of a pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/4). Very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With out-curved rim and convex lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably), a bundle of three fringes is suspended from the reserved panel. The fragment was found during a survey along the provincial motorway SP263, near two large remains of pottery kilns.

102. No. 72. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, K86, diameter at shoulder 14/16cm.

73. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, K200 (Fig. 103). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 14cm, h. 3.5 x 4.8 x 0.6/0.8cm. Handmade of a pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/4). Very pale brown slip (Munsell 10 YR 8/3) With out-curved rim and tapered lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels. Internal rim decorated with filled triangles. The fragment was found during a survey along the provincial motorway SP263, near two large remains of pottery kilns.

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103. No. 73. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, K200, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 14cm.

74. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, K203 (Fig. 104). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 14/16cm, h. 3.6 x 6 x 0.6cm. Handmade of pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/4). Very pale brown slip (Munsell 10 YR 8/3). With out-curved rim and convex lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably). Internal rim deco with filled triangles. The fragment was found during a survey along the provincial motorway SP263, near two large remains of pottery kilns.

104. No. 74. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup K203, diameter at shoulder 14/16cm.

75. Shoulder to belly fragment with part of a vertical strap handle, K204 (Fig. 105). Preserved measurements: maximum diameter 16cm, h. 4.5 x 8.4 x 0.6cm. Handle 4.5 x 3.5 x 0.9cm.Handmade of pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With carena. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably), a bundle of four small fringes is suspended from the reserved panel. The fragment was found during a 60

survey along the provincial motorway SP263, near two large remains of pottery kilns.

105. No. 75. Shoulder to belly fragment of a cup, K204, diameter at shoulder 16cm.

106. No. 76. Fragment of a cup, K15, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 14/16cm.

76. Shoulder fragment of a cup, K15 (Fig. 106). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 14/16cm, h. 3.6 x 6 x 0.6cm. Handmade of a pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/4). Very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With out-curved rim (broken) and convex shoulder. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably). The fragment was found during a survey along the provincial motorway SP263, near two large remains of pottery kilns.

Fringed friezes with dots 77. Rim to shoulder fragment, AC4006.fs01 (Fig. 107), of a cup. Preserved measurements: diameter at lip circa 16/18cm, h. 4.1 x 6.2 x 0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), a paler slip covers the in- and outside of the sherd (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4). With out-curved rim and tapered lip, presumably on a compressed globular body. The shoulder is decorated with a frieze composed of alternating reserved trapezium-shaped and hatched areas. The reserved ones with a large dot in the centre. Fringes were pending from the reserved areas. The inside of the rim is decorated 61

with filled triangles. Ref. : Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, pl. 19.

107. No. 77. Rim to body fragment, AC4006.fs01, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip circa 16/18cm.Drawing M. Sangineto, H. Waterbolk.

78. Rim to shoulder fragment, ACcenere05.fs11, of a cup (Fig. 108). Preserved measurements: no diameter: h. 3.7 x 4.1 x 0.7cm.Handmade of a pink-fired clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4. With out-turned, broken rim, presumably on a compressed globular body. The shoulder is decorated with a frieze composed of alternating reserved trapeziumshaped and hatched areas. The reserved ones with a large dot in the centre. Ref. : Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, pl. 19.

108. No. 78. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC05.05/06.fs11, preserved height 3.7cm. Drawing M. Sangineto, H.Waterbolk.

79. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup AC17A.01.fs11 (Fig. 109). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 8/9cm, h. 3.5 x 4.7 x 1.0cm. Handmade of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), slip on both sides but almost gone. With out-curved rim and tapered convex lip, the body may have been compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternated reserved and cross-hatched panels in the reserved ones a dot. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. 109. No. 79. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC17a.01.fs11, diameter at lip 8/9cm.

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110. No. 80. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC22.04.fs08, diameter at lip circa 15cm.

80. Rim to belly fragment of a bowl/ wide cup, AC22.04.fs08 (Fig. 110), diameter a lip 15cm, h. 5.6 x 9.9 x 0.6/0.4 – 0.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), a very pale brown slip covers both surfaces (Munsell 10YR 8/4). With flaring rim and tapered lip, the body perhaps with a carena at the maximum diameter. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter cross-hatched at both ends. In the reserved panels three dots are applied descending in height from right to left and from left to right. Also bundles of fringes are pending from the reserved panels. “Fine style.” Made in the coiling technique and finished on a potter’s wheel.

Fringed friezes with cross-hatched finishing 81. Shoulder to belly fragment, AC1002.fs08 (Fig. 111), of a bowl/cup. Preserved measurements: maximum diameter 15cm, h. 4 x 5.3 x 0.6/0.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), no slip. With a carena at the maximum diameter. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably). At the ends, on both sides of the hatched areas fringes.

111. No. 81. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC1002.fs08, maximum diameter circa 15cm.

82. Shoulder to body fragment of a cup AC06.cenere 03.fs17 (Fig. 112). Preserved measurements: diameter at carena circa 16cm, h. 5 x 6.5 x 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With sharp carena. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably). 82. No. 112. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC06.cenere03.fs17, diameter at carena circa 16cm.

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83. Rim to body fragments AC10.08.fs10 and fs11 of a cup (Fig. 113). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 10cm, h. 3.7 x 12.5 x 0.4/ 0.2 cm. Handmade of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7.4). Out-curved rim (only partly preserved), convex shoulder. Below the rim a frieze with alternating hatched and reserved panels, the former ones crosshatched at both ends and the latter in trapezium shape. From the reserved areas a black bundle imitating fringes is painted. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. The rim was made separately and added in a sloppy manner. 113. No. 83. Rim to body fragments of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC10.08.fs10, 11, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 10cm.

84. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC10.18.fs1056 (Fig. 114). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 16cm, h. 3.9 x 7.0 x 0.4 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), the applied slip is very pale brown in colour (Munsell 10YR 8/4). With long, flaring rim, internal angle and convex, slightly tapered lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the outer ends of the latter cross-hatched. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. 114. No. 84. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC10.18.fs1056, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 16cm.

85. Shoulder fragment of a cup, AC16.16.fs22 (Fig. 115). Preserved measurements: maximum diameter 14cm, h. 3.5 x 6.5 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/8) with grey core; on the outside smooth with a pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), grey core inside uneven with fine brush strokes. Damaged by being too close to 64

kiln fire. Convex shoulder. On the shoulder a preserved part of a frieze consisting of a hatched panel which is crosshatched at both ends, from the left hand crosshatched area a solid bundle. 115. No. 85. Belly fragment of a cup, AC16.14.fs12, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter 14cm.

116. No. 86. Rim to body fragment of a cup, AC16A.08.fs06, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter lip 14cm.

86. Rim to body fragment of a cup (presumably), AC16A.08.fs06 (Fig. 116). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 14cm, h. 3.0 x 4.5 x 0.7cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With out-curved rim and tapered, convex lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, cross-hatched at one end. The inside rim is decorated with filled triangles

87. Rim to body fragment of a cup, AC16A.11.fs01 (Fig. 117). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 14cm, h. 5.4 x 6.8 x 0.5/0.3 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With out-curved rim and tapered lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, cross-hatched at one end. From the end of the hatched panels fringes are painted pending over the belly. The inside rim is decorated with filled triangles.

117. No. 87. Rim to body fragment, AC16A.11.fs01, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 14cm.

88. Shoulder to lower belly fragment of a cup, AC16A.18.fs15 (Fig. 118), maximum diameter 15/16cm. Preserved measurements: h. 6.8 x 9.5 x 0.6cm. Handmade, colour of clay core pink (Munsell 5YR 7/4), the outside burnt to a reddish yellow (Munsell 5YR 7/8) and to gray (Munsell 65

5YR 6/1). On the outside smooth, inside with rough brush strokes. Compressed globular body and flaring rim (broken). On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter with crosshatched ends. From the hatched panel a long bundle of fringes descends over the belly.

118. No. 88. Shoulder to lower body fragment of a cup, AC16A.18.fs15, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter 15/16cm.

89. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC16A.22.fs111 (Fig. 119), maximum diameter between 10 and 14cm, h. 4.5 x 4.3 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6). On the outside smooth, inside smooth. With flaring rim (broken), convex shoulder and compressed globular body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, from the reserved area 7 fringes are painted over the belly.

119. No. 89. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC16A.22.fs111, maximum diameter between 10 and 14cm.

120. No 90. Rim to body fragments of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.22.fs158 + fs183, diameter lip circa 15cm.

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90. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC16A.22.fs158 + fs183 (Fig. 120), diameter at lip circa 15cm, h. 5 x circa 13.5 x 0.8/0.3 – 0.5cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6). On the outside smooth, on the inside more roughly smoothed with a brush. With flaring rim and tapered lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the outer ends of the latter cross-hatched. From the reserved panels fringes are painted over the belly. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles.

91. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC16A.22.fs163 (Fig. 121), diameter at lip 12/14cm, h. 5.8 x 4.5 x 0.5/0.7 – 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/4). On the outside smooth, inside brush strokes. With flaring rim and tapered lip, conical shoulder. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, of the latter the outer ends are cross-hatched. From the reserved area long fringes are painted over the belly.

121. No. 91. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.22.fs163, diameter at lip 12/14cm.

92. Rim to belly fragment with the root of a vertical strap handle of a cup or kantharos, AC16A.29.fs03 (Fig. 122). Preserved measurements: diameter at the transition from rim to shoulder 13cm, h. 7.9 x 10 x 0.8/0.6cm. Handle: 1.1 x 3.5cm. Handmade of pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/3), with a slip on both surfaces of the same colour. Outside smooth, inside with rough brush strokes. With out-curved rim, the body with a carena at the maximum diameter. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels. At the ends, on both sides of the handle a vertical line and bundles of fringes. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. A row of small fringes is painted at the handle attachment to the rim.

122. No. 92. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.29.fs039, diameter at the transition from rim to shoulder 13cm.

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93. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, AC13.02.fs212 +17.15.714 (Fig. 123). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to lip circa 10cm (irregular), h. 4 x 7 x 1.0/0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With out-curved rim and convex, tapered lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the outer ends of the latter cross-hatched. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. The application of the paint did not succeed and the decoration is smudged.

123. No. 93. Rim to body fragment of a cup, AC13.02.fs212 + AC17.15.fs714, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder circa 10cm.

94. Rim to belly fragment of a cup or kantharos, AC17.15.fs14 (Fig. 124). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 12cm (irregular), h. 7.1 x 12.6 x 0.5 – 0.3cm. Handle 6.8 x 2.7 x 0.7cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6), with a superficial wash of very pale brown colour (Munsell 10YR 7/4), grey core. Outside smooth inside irregular. With out-curved rim and convex, tapered lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter cross-hatched at the outer ends. The inside rim is decorated with filled triangles. 94. No. 124. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.15.fs14, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 12cm.

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95. Rim to shoulder fragment of a bowl/ cup AC17A.12.fs12 (Fig. 125). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 14/15cm (irregular), h. 6.5 x 8.3 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), slip on both sides in the same colour. Secondarily burned, especially at the inside. With out-turned rim and convex lip, the body must have been compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably), at the end of the frieze fringes. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles.

95. No. 125. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC17A.12.fs12, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 14/15cm.

96. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC17A.12.fs16 (Fig. 126). Preserved measurements: diameter at the transition from rim to shoulder 14cm, h. 4.5 x 6.3 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). On the outside smooth, inside irregular but smoothened. With flaring rim and tapering lip, convex shoulder and compressed globular body (presumably). On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter crosshatched at the outer ends. From the reserved panels fringes are painted over the belly. The inside of the rim is decorated with a plain band. 126. No. 96. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17A.12.fs16, diameter at the transition from rim to shoulder circa 14cm.

97. Rim to belly fragment of a kantharos, AC22.04.fs03 +AC22A.11.fs27 (Fig. 127), diameter at lip 14/15cm (irregular), h. 4.6 x 10 x 4.5 – 0.4cm. The strap handle root at the rim measures 4.8 x 0.8cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6), no slip, 69

127. No. 97. Rim to lower belly fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC22.04.fs03 +AC22A.11.fs27, diameter at lip circa 14/15cm.

old photo

grey core. With flaring rim and tapered, convex lip, compressed globular body. Decorated with panels consisting of a line at the transition from rim to shoulder continuing in vertical lines at each side of the handle. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, cross-hatched at the ends, from the ends near the handle bundles of fringes. On the inside rim filled triangles. The vessel differs from the other cups presented in this chapter because of the line painted over the transition from rim to shoulder and the division of the shoulder in reserved areas by vertical lines. The decoration system resembles the one on the globular mug/juglet types published in Chapter VI, but is different because this vessel lacks a neck. The best parallel is a kantharos decorated in Cross-hatched Bands Style: Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2012, Cat. no. 80.

98. Rim to lower body fragment of a cup, AC23.01.fs03 (Fig. 128), diameter at lip 12cm; h. 8 x 10 x 0.4cm. Handmade from refined, clay. With globular body, out-curved rim and convex lip. Decorated on the shoulder with a frieze consisting of alternating panels of reserved and hatched areas, from the corner and the reserved areas bundles of long fringes. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles.

125. No. 96. Rim to lower belly fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC23.01.fs03, diameter at lip circa 12cm.

99. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, AC23.02.fs18 (Fig. 129), diameter at lip 13cm, h. 3.1 x 6.2 x 0.8/0.2 – 0.4cm. Handmade of a reddish yellowfiring clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6) with grey core. On the outside smooth. 70

With flaring rim, convex lip and conical shoulder. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels. The inside of the lip is decorated with filled triangles.

129. No. 99. Fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC23.02.fs18, diameter lip 13cm.

100. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, AC23.05.fs21 (Fig. 130), diameter at lip circa 12/14cm, h. 3.1 x 6.2 x 0.8/0.2 – 0.4cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow- firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6) with grey core. On the outside smooth, inside smooth self slip. With out-curved rim, convex lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter crosshatched at the ends. The inside of the lip is decorated with filled triangles.

127. No. 98. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC23.05.fs21, diameter at lip circa 14/15cm.

101. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, AC25.01.fs07 (Fig. 131), diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 12cm, h. 4.5 x 7.8 x 0.6 - 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) with grey core, self slip in the same colour. With flaring rim, internal angle and tapered lip. The handle, which must have been a vertical strap specimen is broken away. The shoulder was decorated with a frieze composed of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter cross-hatched at both ends. The ends of such a frieze are in evidence on both sides of the reserved area below the handle. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles.

131. No. 101. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC25.01.fs07, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 12cm.

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102. Rim to body fragment with a completely preserved vertical strap handle of a cup, AC25.02.fs46 (Fig. 132), maximum diameter 17cm, h. 7 (with handle) x 9 x 0.8/0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), on the outside and inside covered with a very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With convex shoulder and out-turned rim with tapered lip, a carena at the maximum diameter. On the shoulder a frieze which ends with vertical lines on both sides of the shoulder and long fringes pending over the belly. The strap handle is decorated with sets of horizontal bands painted just above and below the frieze, on the inside it is decorated with a crosshatched panel.

132. No. 102. Rim to lower body fragment with vertical strap handle of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC25.02.fs46, maximum diameter 17cm.

133. No. 103. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC25A.01.fs06, diameter lip 13cm.

134. No. 104. Shoulder fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC26.03.fs15, maximum diameter 14cm.

103. Rim to shoulder fragment of a cup, AC25A.01.fs04 (Fig. 133), diameter at lip 13cm, h. 4.5 x 7.5 x 0.6/0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6), slip very pale brown (Munsell10YR 8/3). With out-curved rim, and tapered lip. Decorated with a frieze with alternating hatched and reserved panels.

104. Rim to belly fragment of a cup, AC26.03.fs15 (Fig. 134), diameter at shoulder probably 14cm, h. 4.0 x 5.0 x 0.4cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/6). On the outside smooth, inside irregular. With broken, out-curved rim and conical shoulder with carena. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels, the latter crosshatched at the ends.

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135. No. 105. Rim (broken) to shoulder fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC27.06.fs06 + spor.08, maximum diameter 16cm.

105. Two non-fitting rim to belly fragments of a cup, AC27.06.fs06 (Fig. 135) and spor08, maximum diameter 16cm, h. 4.0 x 3.9 x 0.5/0.3cm (small frag,); h. 4.9 x 8.5 x 0.5/0.3cm (large fragment). Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), grey core. Smooth on both sides. With compressed globular body and out-turned rim (broken). On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved – smaller – and hatched trapeziums (larger), the latter cross-hatched at the ends. Bundles of fringes descend from the reserved panels.

106. Body fragment of a cup, AC27.07.fs14 (Fig. 136), no diameter, h. 6.0 x 2.0 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink firing-clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), grey core. Smoothened on both sides. With convex body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched trapeziums, the latter crosshatched at the ends. 136. No. 106. Rim (broken) to shoulder fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC27.07.fs14, h. 6cm.

137. No. 107. Body fragment of a cup, AC13.04.fs519 +17.15.714, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter 14cm.

107. Body fragment of a cup, AC13.04.fs519 +ac17.15.fs714 (Fig. 137), max. diam 14cm, h. 5.2 x 6 x 0.7cm; handle root 1.8 x 2.6 x 0.6cm. Handmade of a pink firing-clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), grey core, very pale brown slip. Smoothened on both sides. With convex body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched trapeziums, the latter crosshatched at the ends.

108a. Body fragment of a cup with vertical strap handle, AC16.02.fs221 (Fig. 138a), max. diam 13/14cm, h. 4.6 x 7.9 x 0.6/0.4cm; handle 1.8 x 2.6 x 0.6cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow firing-clay (Munsell 7.5YR 6/8), grey core. Smoothened on both sides 73

but very irregular wall. With convex body. On the shoulder a frieze (presumably), from it near the handle fringes are hanging. The handle is decorated with vertical bands on each side and sets of horizontal bands at regular intervals (presumably).

138a. No. 108a. Body fragment of a cup, AC16.02.fs221, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter 14cm.

138b. No. 108b. Body fragment of a cup, AC16A.22.fs11, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter 13/14cm.

108b. Lower body fragment of a cup with vertical strap handle (broken), AC16A.22. fs11 (Fig. 138b), max. diam 13/14cm, h. 6.8 x 9.2 x 0.7cm; handle width 2.7cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow firing-clay (Munsell 7.5YR 6/8). With compressed globular body. On the shoulder a frieze (presumably), from it on each side of the handle bundles of fringes are hanging over the belly. The handle is decorated with vertical and horizontal bands.

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CHAPTER IV MINIATURE AND SMALL CUPS IN FRINGE STYLE OR PLAIN

4.1 Introduction

139. Miniature and small cups from the loom weight area (AC04.30/31) and the ash layer in trench AC06.

140. Miniature and small cups from tombs in the Macchiabate necropolis: T3, no. 18 (max. 7.6cm); T15, no. 2 (lip 5.8cm); T16, no. 20 (lip 6.5cm); T17, no. 8 (lip 9cm); T21, no. 10 (lip 5cm). Adapted after Zancani Montuoro 19801982 (not to scale).

141. Miniature or small cup (AC05.10.fs01) and mug/juglet (AC05.07.11) from the altar area. For the mug/juglet compare Cat. no. 205 below, for the miniature or small cup Cat. no. 113.

There is no standard method to distinguish miniature pottery from regular-sized vessels. One would, for instance, suppose that the majority of the miniature or small cups offered in graves will have been of 75

normal size and similar to miniature or small cups used in daily life. The shallow miniature or small cups, however, used as gravegifts in the Macchiabate and S. Maria D’Anglona necropoleis, have lip diameters between 5-9cm (Figs. 140, 142a and b).1 These miniature or small cups are much smaller than the regularsized, Matt-painted miniature or small cups published in the previous Chapter. Although sizes fluctuate one may conclude that the miniature or small miniature or small cups from Macchiabate and the ones published in this Chapter are approximately half the size of the miniature or small cups we consider regular-sized ones and published in Chapter III. In the case of miniature or small cups it may be hard to distinguish between small miniature or small cups and miniature ones, because the difference in size between ‘real’ miniature or small cups and their miniature counterparts may have been not very pronounced. Small but ‘real’ miniature or small cups may for instance have been used in daily life to measure small quantities of some liquid, or for children. Regarding the latter situation, however, the many askoi in graves of small children at Macchiabate (cf. Chapters I and II) show that at least to the Oenotrians at Francavilla Marittima, small miniature or small cups and children were not closely associated. Because of contextual evidence, especially provided by provenances from altar ash, it seems safe to classify the miniature or small cups from the sanctuary on the Timpone della Motta with a maximum diameter less than 10cm as miniatures or at least as deliberately chosen small ones. T2 T3 T15 T16 T17 T20 T21 T22 T23 T27 T39 T40 T41

T88 T92 T93 T97 T98 T104 T102

h.6.2cm h.6cm h.6.5cm h.6.5cm h.5.7cm h.7cm h.4cm h.6cm h.8.7c, h.7cm h.5.5cm h.6.0cm h.6.5cm

h.6cm h.7.2cm h.6cm h.6.8cm h.7.2cm h.6cm h.7.2cm

max. 6cm max. 7.6cm max. 9cm max. 8.5cm max. 10cm max.10cm max. 6cm max. 9cm max. 9.7cm max. 10cm max. 7cm

lip 5.8cm lip 6.5cm lip 9cm lip 8.3cm lip 5cm

max. 9cm

lip 6.3cm lip 8.3cm lip 5.1cm lip 6.2cm lip 6.3

max. 8cm max. 8.4cm max. 8cm max. 7.2cm max. 8cm max. 7.8cm max. 8cm

lip 6cm lip 6.8cm lip 6cm lip 4.4cm lip 4.8cm lip 4.4 cm lip 4.8 cm

142a. Measurements of a number of miniature or small cups offered in the Temparella cluster of graves (after Zancani Montuoro 1980-’82, 9-129.; Zancani Montuoro 1983-’84, 7109).

142b. Measurements of a number of miniature or small cups offered in the graves of the necropolis near Santa Maria d’Anglona (after Frey 1991). The measurements are only approximate because calculated from the illustrations which are given as 1:4.

The ‘classical’ Fringe Style dipper cup, catalogued in Chapter III, existed in a miniature or much smaller version, but usually the decoration on those is poorly preserved. Often the miniature or small cups were made of the local pink-firing clay and covered with an even lighter, almost ivory slip before the decoration was added. Unfortunately, the slip did not adhere well to the surfaces of the pots; it may have been applied after firing. Examples in point are the miniature or small cup fragments Cat. no. 114 (AC06.02.fs104); Cat. no. 118 (AC13.09.fs140); Cat. no. 125 (AC18A.16.fs07); Cat. no. 126 (AC23.01.fs08) and Cat. no. 128 (AC25.01.fs94). Only the decoration on Cat. no. 117 (AC10.18 or 19.fs51), a lavishly decorated miniature or small cup, is fully preserved, but the elaborate character of its decoration is somewhat misleading; other Fringe-Style miniature or small dipper cups carried a panelled 1

Zancani Montuoro 1980-’82, 9-129.; Zancani Montuoro 1983-’84, 7-109; Frey 1991.

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frieze of only a few horizontal lines and fringes of sets of three small lines (as already stated). The more elaborate cup Cat. no. 117, on the other hand, has two tiers of hatched panels alternating with reserved areas, while a wider horizontal band, filled with paint, is drawn over the neck from the shoulder to the lower belly. The upper panels carry fringes suspended from the corners, the middle panel being unusual in that its fringes cover the reserved area between the hatched panels and are attached to a line which connects the panels. The lowest fringes start from the blackish band but are still below the upper ones. Cat. no. 126 (AC23.01.fs08) is a rim fragment of a miniature or small dipper cup with outcurved rim. The carefully manufactured vessel is made of a medium-hard, slightly porous clay that was first covered with an ivory slip before the fringed frieze with small blackish-brown lines was applied. A similar rim fragment Cat. no. 125 (AC18A.16.fs07) of a small dipper cup has a compressed globular body and an outturned rim with internal angle and convex lip. Its more advanced shape suggests a slightly later date. The shoulders of both vessels, although tiny, carry panelled friezes displaying the full program of horizontal hatching with cross-hatching at the outer ends, alternating with reserved areas from which fringes are suspended. The painter of the small cup Cat. no. 119 (AC16.02.fs242) was perhaps familiar with this classical decorative program but wished to apply a more fanciful decoration to his little miniature or small cup : its horizontal reserved shoulder panel received a row of crosses and straight lines acting as fringes.

4.2 Ritual sets? One nicely decorated Fringe Style miniature or small cup accompanied by a mug/juglet decorated with a shoulder frieze of lines (Fig. 141) was found in the altar courtyard itself. These small vessels may have belonged together and may have formed a set with a ritual function. The miniature or small cup’s decoration is typical of small dipper cups: as already mentioned, a panelled frieze composed of only a few horizontal lines and, usually, fringes made up of sets of three small lines, which in the case of this small cup are slightly bell-shaped (compare the remarks in Chapter I). The mug/juglet on the other hand is decorated with sets of plain, horizontal lines painted around the transitions from rim to neck and from neck to shoulder. Other painted miniature-to-small cups found in the layer of altar ash deposited immediately south of Temples V.b. and V.c (Cat. nos. 114etc.) were accompanied by some 8 plain ones which may never have had any decoration (Cat. nos.154-161, 170) and which because of their association with the altar ash suggest also specific ritual practice. In this Chapter plain miniature-to-small cups are included, not only because they strengthen the picture of the ritual function of this category but also because it is far from certain that these miniature or small cups were originally plain and, also, a publication of Oenotrian plain, refined ware is not planned for the foreseeable future. Not only the miniature or small cup from the set illustrated in Fig. 141 but also the mug/juglet is mirrored by other mugs/juglets found in the sanctuary, which in most cases are unfortunately only known from fragments (Chapter V). A number of small mugs/juglets are from deposits of altar ash (Cat. nos. 218-221) like the small cups mentioned earlier, which reinforces the idea that we are dealing with ritual pottery, either used in sets or individually and in that case without much difference between the small miniature or small cups and the mugs/juglets. It has been decided to include in this chapter the plain miniature and/or small cups, not only because they strengthen the picture of the ritual role but also because it is far from certain that these miniature or small cups were originally without decoration. Moreover, a publication of Oenotrian, plain ware from the Timpone della Motta is, as far as I know, not planned for the foreseeable future. A considerable quantity of the plain miniature or small cups described below were found in Timber building CE4 on Plateau I of the Timpone della Motta, which may be seen as another indication that this

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structure functioned as a (work)shop.2 Unfortunately, the larger part of these miniature or small cups is severely burnt.

4.2 Miniature and small cups from the Timpone della Motta 109. Shoulder fragment AC2822.fs01 (Fig. 143) of a miniature or small cup. Preserved measurements: 3.2 x 3.7 x 0.4 cm. Handmade from a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6), with a very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/3). Convex shoulder. 143. No. 109. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Decorated with reserved rectangles (presumably) Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC2822.fs01, h. 3.2cm. Drawing B. alternating with hatched rectangles from which L. Hijmans, H. Waterbolk. fringes are suspended. Found on top of the conglomerate in trench B/C14-18 of the courtyard of the Weaving House. The fragment could not be found after the removal of the material from the Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004 from the Parco del Cavallo storage at Sibari. Ref.: Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, pl. 18.

144. No. 110. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC2850.fs15, diameter at lip 6cm.

145. No. 111. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, MS.fs10, diameter lip 9cm.

2

110. Rim to lower belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC2850.fs15 (Fig. 144), diameter lip 6cm, height 3.5 x 3.2 x 0.5/0.4 – 0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), pink slip on the outer surface (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4). Outcurved rim and expanding, convex lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating (presumably) reserved and hatched panels. Fringes are suspended from the corner of the hatched panel. On the inside of the rim a decoration of filled triangles. 111. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, MS2.fs10 (Fig. 145), diameter lip 8/9cm, height 3.7 x 4.5 x 0.7cm. Handmade from a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), with a very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/2). Outturned rim and tapered lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels or of a set of horizontal, parallel lines.

Compare Chapter I.

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112. Rim to lower body fragment of a miniature or small cup, Bb50.15 (Fig. 146), diameter lip 6/7cm, height 4.5 x 4 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), with a very pale brown slip (partly eroded) (Munsell 10YR 8/2). Upright rim and tapered lip, the body is compressed globular with a slight carena. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably), a bundle of fringes is suspended from the end of the frieze near the handle zone. The inside rim is decorated with filled triangles.

146. No. 112. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, former Bern-Getty collections, Bb. 50.15, diameter lip 6/7cm.

113. Miniature or small cup, AC05.10.fs01 (Fig. 147), handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), with a single vertical handle attached to the lip and to the vessel’s largest diameter. Diameter at lip 4.5cm, height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. Outturned rim with convex lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The shoulder is decorated with a frieze consisting of four parallel and horizontal bands, the area underneath the handle is reserved and near the handle the frieze is closed off by vertical bands. Fringes are suspended from the ends of the frieze and from its centre. The handle is decorated with sets of horizontal bands placed above and below the frieze, and the lip is decorated with dashes.

147. No. 113. Miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC05.10.fs01, diameter at lip 10cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans, H. Waterbolk.

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148. No. 114. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere02.fs04, diameter at lip 7/8cm.

149. No. 115. Shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere09.fs26, preserved height 1.9cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans, H. Waterbolk.

114. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC06.cenere02.fs04 (Fig. 148), diameter at lip 7/8cm, h. 3.5 x 5.5 x 0.5/0.2 – 0.2cm. Handmade of a pink firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), pale yellow slip (Munsell 2.5YR 8/2). On the outside smooth, inside smooth and abraded. The slip and the decoration are only partly preserved. With slightly flaring rim and tapered lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels or of a set of horizontal, parallel lines.

115. Rim to shoulder fragment AC06.cenere09.fs26 of a miniature or small cup (Fig. 149), maximum diameter perhaps 9cm, but most likely smaller. Preserved measurements: h. 1.9 x 3.4 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-fired clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), pale slip (very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/3). Out-curved rim, convex shoulder. The shoulder decorated with a frieze composed of alternating hatched and reserved panels.

116. Rim to lower belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC10.05.fs09 (Fig. 150), diameter at the lip 6.2cm, h. 5 x 5.4 x 0.6/0.4cm. Handmade of a very pale brown- firing clay (Munsell 10 YR 6/4). Outside smooth, inside irregular. With slightly outturned rim and convex lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of hatched panels, fringes are suspended from the corner of the panel. The inside of the rim is decorated with dashes.

150. No. 116. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC10.05.fs09, diameter lip 7/8cm.

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117. Rim to lower belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC10.19 or 18. .fs50 (Fig. 151), diameter at lip 6cm. Preserved measurements: h. 6.3 x 7.4 x 0.7 – 0.2cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6), pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4). On the outside smooth, inside slightly irregular. With slightly out-curved rim and tapered lip, the body compressed globular. Just below the lip a single, plain horizontal line. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of panels filled with horizontal lines, finished by two vertical fringes and alternating with reserved trapezia. Above the maximum diameter of the small vessel another frieze, consisting again of panels filled with 151. No. 117. Rim to lower body fragment of a miniature or horizontal lines, but this time finished by single, small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC10.19.fs50, diameter lip 6cm. Pencil drawing by Rosa Lucente. plain vertical lines. These panels are on each side of a reserved rectangular area in which a set of 7 vertical lines is painted. Around the maximum diameter itself a broad plain horizontal band is in evidence, from it two sets of fringes are painted in such a way that they enclose a reserved area which is wider than the rectangular reserved area of the body frieze, which in turn is wider than the reserved area of the shoulder frieze. On the inside rim filled triangles. The fragment could not be found after the removal of the material from the Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004 from the Parco del Cavallo storage at Sibari.

152. No. 118. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC13.09. .fs140, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 7cm.

118. Rim (damaged) to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC13.09.fs140 (Fig. 152), diameter at transition from rim to body 7cm. Preserved measurements: h. 2.9 x 4.8 x 0.6/0.3 – 0.2cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6), pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4). On the outside smooth, inside smooth and abraded. With outturned rim and tapered, convex lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of hatched panels (presumably). Fringes are suspended from the corner of the hatched panel. The inside rim decorated with dashes (three are preserved).

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153. No. 119. Fragment of a miniature cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16.02.fs242, diameter at lip 3.2cm.

154. No. 120. Fragment of a miniature or small cup or juglet, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.08.fs04, maximum diameter circa 6cm.

119. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature cup, AC16.02.fs242 (Fig. 153), diameter at lip 3.2cm. Preserved measurements: h. 2 x 1.6 x 0.3 – 0.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With small outcurved rim and bevelled lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of a row of small crosses placed between two horizontal, plain bands, fringes are suspended from the centre of the lowest band.

120. Shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup or juglet, AC16A.08.fs04 (Fig. 154), maximum diameter circa 6cm, h. 4.1 x 4 x 0.3cm. Made on a revolving potter’s wheel. Clay pink (Munsell 7.5YR7/4). On the outside smooth. Convex shoulder. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of either a frieze with panels filled with horizontal, parallel bands alternating with plain ones or a frieze consisting of only plain, horizontal and parallel bands; two hook-fringes are suspended from the lowest band. A similar fragment is known from the so-called former Bern-Getty collection of objects from the sanctuary on the Timpone della Motta: Kleibrink 2008, Cat. no. III.33.

121. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC17.15.fs216 (Fig. 155), diameter at lip 7cm, h. 2.5 x 4.7 x 0.4 -0.15cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4 - 8/4). On the outside smooth, inside irregular. With flaring rim and tapered lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a hatched frieze with crosshatched areas, placed on a broad horizontal band which is painted over the maximum diameter. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles (damaged).

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155. No. 121. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.15.fs216, diameter at lip 7cm.

122. Rim to belly fragment with vertical strap handle of a miniature or small cup, AC17.15.fs63 (Fig. 156), maximum diameter circa 6cm, h. 4.6 (with handle), 4.3 x 4.9 x 0.4 – 0.2cm. Handle 3 x 1.8 x 0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With upright rim and tapered lip, the body is compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of hatched panels (presumably), from the corner of the hatched panel fringes. On the handle, near the attachment to the rim two sets of horizontal bands on either side of inscribed v-motifs. 156. No. 122. Fragment with vertical handle of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.15.fs63, maximum diameter circa 6cm. Pencil drawing by Rosa Lucente.

123. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC17.15. fs668 (Fig. 157), diameter at the lip 5/6cm, h. 3.2 x 3 x 0.3/0.1cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6). With upright rim and tapered lip, the body is compressed globular. On the rim a frieze consisting of hatched panels alternating with reserved ones or with horizontal, parallel bands only.

157. No. 123. Rim to body fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.15. fs668, diameter lip 5/6cm.

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124. Rim to lower belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC18A.15 or 21.fs06 (Fig. 158), diameter at lip 7/8cm, h. 4.7 x 4.7 x 1/0.7 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 6/4). With short outcurved rim and convex lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze of which a hatched panel is preserved. Fringes are suspended from the outer end. The inside of the rim is decorated with small dashes.

158. No. 124. Rim to body fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC18A.15.or 21.fs06, diameter lip 7/8cm.

159. No. 125. Rim to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC18A.16.fs07, diameter at lip 6cm.

160. No. 126. Rim to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC23.01.fs08, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 6cm.

125. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC18A.16.fs07 (Fig. 159), diameter a lip 6cm, h. 3.0 x 5.3 x 0.5/0.2 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), slip very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/2). The inside abraded. With flaring rim and tapered lip. The transition from rim to shoulder is marked by a horizontal band. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter cross-hatched at the outer ends. Fringes are suspended from the reserved area.

126. Rim to shoulder fragment of a small miniature or small cup, AC23.01.fs08 (Fig. 160), diameter at transition from rim to shoulder circa 6cm, height 2.9 x 4.5 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), slip on the outer surface (Munsell 10YR 8/2). Upright rim and tapered lip, the body compressed globular. The root of a vertical strap handle is preserved at the rim. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating (presumably) reserved and hatched panels.

84

161. No. 127. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC23.11.fs03, diameter at lip 9cm.

127. Rim to belly fragment with part of a vertical strap handle of a miniature or small cup , AC23.11.fs03 (Fig. 161), diameter a lip 9cm, h. 4.2 x 9 x 0.5 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), a slip varying in colour from vey pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/4) to pink (Munsell 7.5YR 8/6) covers both surfaces. With short, slightly flaring rim and tapered lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably), near the handle a bundle of fringes. The rim of the miniature or small cup is decorated with dashes.

162. No. 128. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC25.01.fs94, diameter lip 6cm.

128. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup , AC25.01.fs94, (Fig. 162), diameter a lip 6.0cm, height with handle 5.5cm, preserved measurements: h. 3.5 x 4.5 x 0.3/0.2 – 0.2cm. Handmade of a very pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/4). The handle measures 3cm vertically x width 1.6 x thickness 0.4cm. Both surfaces smooth. With slightly flaring rim and tapered lip, the body compressed globular. The relatively large vertical strap handle rises for circa 1.1cm above the rim. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably). From the outer ends of the frieze near the handle fringes are painted pending over the belly. The handle is decorated with sets of parallel plain, horizontal bands, placed just above and just below the frieze as well as on top.

129. Rim to belly fragment with a completely preserved vertical strap handle of a miniature or small cup, AC26.18.fs04 (Fig. 163), internal diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 7cm, h. 6.6 with handle x 5.3 x 0.5/0.4cm. Handle width 2.2cm x thickness 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4). On the outside smooth, inside brush strokes. With flaring rim and tapered lip, the body compressed globular. Over the shoulder a horizontal band is painted and 85

another one over the belly. The handle is decorated with horizontal bands placed at more or less regular distances.

163. No. 129. Fragment of a miniature or small cup , Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC26.18.fs04, diameter at transition fron rim to shoulder 7cm.

130. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC26.18.fs08, diameter lip 8/9cm, h. 6.0 x 6.0 x 0.7/05 – 0.35cm (Fig. 164). Handmade of a very pale brown- firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/4), slip on the outside and inside of the the rim a very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With outturned rim and tapered lip, compressed globular body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the upper and lower bands broader than the middle ones. On the inside of the rim a plain horizontal band.

164. No. 130. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC26.18.fs08, diameter lip 8/ 9cm.

165. No. 131. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC27A.03.fs05, diameter lip 7cm.

131. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC27A.03.fs05 (Fig. 165), diameter at lip 7cm, preserved measurements: h. 3.5 x 3.5 x 0.5/0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), slip pinkish white (Munsell 7.5YR 8/2). Slip crumbled away from the rest of the vessel. With out-curved rim and convex lip, the body compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably), the outer ends of the latter cross-hatched.

86

132. Rim to belly fragment - with the roots of a vertical strap handle - of a miniature or small cup, AC27.11.fs48 (Fig. 166), diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 7cm, h. 6.5 x 7.5 x 0.6/0.5 – 0.3cm. The handle width 2.1 x 0.6cm (irregular). Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6). On the outside smooth, inside irregular but smoothed. Globular body and with flaring rim and tapered lip. Over the transition from rim to shoulder a horizontal line is painted, connected to it a vertical band passes downwards to the left of the handle. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of horizontal lines. 166. No. 132. Rim to belly fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC27.11.fs48, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 7cm.

Plain miniature or small cups

167. No. 133. Fragments of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A1.07.24, 357 etc., diameter at lip 6.4cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

168. No. 134. Lip to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A1.07.232, 238, diameter at lip 6.4cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

133. Miniature or small cup, CE4.A1.07.mini24, 357, 378,407+4A3.14.minipl212 (Fig. 167), part of the handle broken away, handmade of a refined, pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), partly burned to dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1). Diameter lip 6.4cm, height 5.6cm; handle 3.9 x above lip 2.1 x 2.1 x 0.7cm. Slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

134. Rim to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup , CE4.A1.07.minipl232, 238 (Fig. 168), handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) partly burned to dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1). Diameter lip 6.4cm, preserved measurements height 2.7cm x 7.3 x 0.4cm. Outcurved rim with convex lip, compressed globular body (presumably).

87

169. No. 135. Fragments of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A1.07.357, 378. etc, diameter at lip 6.4cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

170. No. 136. Lip to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A1.07.261, 333 etc., diameter at lip 5.9cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

171. No. 137. Lip to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A1.07.361, diameter at lip 7.1cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

135. Miniature or small cup, CE4.A1.07.minipl357, 378, 407, 4A2.07.minipl24 (Fig. 169), part of the handle broken away. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), partly burned to dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1). Diameter lip 6.5cm, height 6.8cm; handle 1.6 x 2.0 x 0.5cm. Upright rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle (broken), rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is slightly concave.

136. Rim to lower body fragments of a miniature or small cup, CE4.A1.07.minipl261, 333, 351, 4A2.07.minipl05, 290, 353 (Fig. 170), handle broken away. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) partly burned dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1).. Diameter lip 5.9cm, preserved measurements: h. 5.7 x 8 x 0.4cm. Slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body. The roots of a vertical strap handle are preserved at the lip and at the largest diameter of the vessel.

137. Rim to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, CE4.A1.07.minipl361. (Fig. 171). Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) partly burned dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1).. Diameter lip 7.1cm, preserved measurements: h. 2.1 x 8.8 x 0.7cm. Slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body (presumably).

138. Rim to lower body fragments of a miniature or small cup, CE4.A2.07.minipl223+114 (Fig. 172), handle broken away. Handmade of a refined, pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) partly burned dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1).. Diameter lip 4.6cm, preserved measurements: h. 3.7 x 6 x 88

0.5cm. Upright rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body. The root of a vertical strap handle preserved at the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup .

172. No. 138. Fragments of a miniature or small cup , Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A2.07.223, diameter at lip 4.6cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

173. No. 139. Lip to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A2.094.7-16 etc, diameter at lip 4.7cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

174. No. 140. Lip to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup , Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A2.02.151, diameter at lip 5.8cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

175. No. 141. Lip to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A2.02.289, diameter at lip 8cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

139. Rim to shoulder fragments of a miniature or small cup, CE4A2.02.94+07.16+4A3.14.48 (Fig. 173) with vertical strap handle. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) partly burned dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1).. Diameter lip 4.6cm, preserved measurements: h. 3.7 x 6 x 0.5cm. Slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body. With a single vertical handle attached to the lip and to the vessel’s largest diameter. The handle is concave.

140. Rim to shoulder fragments of a miniature or small cup , CE4.A2.02.minipl151 (Fig. 174). Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) partly burned dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1).. Diameter lip 5.8cm, preserved measurements: h. 3.7 x 8.2 x 0.5/0.3cm. Almost upright rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body (presumably).

141. Rim to lower body fragments of a miniature or small cup, CE4.A2.02.minipl289 (Fig. 175). Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) partly burned dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1).. Diameter lip 8cm, preserved measurements: h. 5.5 x 11.3 x 0.7cm. Almost upright rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body (presumably). 89

176. No. 142. Lip to base fragments of a miniature cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A2.04.R29, diameter at lip 4.0cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

142. Rim to base fragments of a miniature cup, CE4.A2.04.miniplR29 (Fig. 176), handle broken away. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) partly burned dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1).. Diameter lip 4cm, preserved measurements: h. 4.3 x 5.4 x 0.8cm. Almost upright rim with tapered lip, globular body.

. 143. Rim to base fragments of a miniature or small cup , CE4.A2.16.minipl? 25; A2.04.82, 07.21; A3.14.02.216 (Fig. 177), handle broken away. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) partly burned dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1).. Diameter lip 5.5cm, preserved measurements: h. 7 x 8.5 x 0.8cm. Almost upright rim with convex lip, globular body. With vertical strap handle 177. No. 143. Lip to base fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A2.16.25 etc., diameter at lip 5.5cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

178. No. 144. Lip to shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A3.14.48 etc., diameter at lip 6cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

179. No. 145. Rim fragments of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A3.10.66, 304 etc., diameter at lip 5.9cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

144. Rim to lower body fragments of a miniature or small miniature or small cup, CE4.A3.14.minipl48+02.minipl94 +07.minipl16 (Fig. 178), handle broken. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) partly burned dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1).. Diameter lip 6cm, preserved measurements: h. 3.2 x 7.3 x 0.5/0.3cm. Handle above rim 1.9cm, 3.4 x 1.5x 0.7cm. Slightly outcurved rim with convex lip, globular body (presumably). 145. Rim fragments of a miniature or small cup, CE4.A3.10.minipl66, 304 (Fig. 179) with a single, vertical handle. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) burned dark and light grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1-4/1)... Diameter lip 5.9cm, preserved measurements: h. 3.4 x 8 x 0.5cm. Handle above rim 1.5cm, 1.5 x 0.6cm. Slightly outcurved rim with convex lip, globular 90

body (presumably). With a single vertical handle attached to the lip and to the vessel’s largest diameter.

146. Rim to base fragments of a miniature or small cup, CE4.A3.14.109 etc. (Fig. 180) handle broken away. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter lip 5.3cm, preserved measurements: h. 5 x 7 x 0.5cm. Almost upright rim with convex lip, globular body (presumably). 180. No. 146. Rim to base fragments of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A3.14.109 etc., diameter at lip 5.3cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

181. No. 147. Complete miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC2003.west section.plmin01, diameter at lip 4.8cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

147. Miniature or small cup, AC2003.west section.plmin01 (Fig. 181), handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.8cm, height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

148. Miniature or small cup, AC01.west section.pminR01 (Fig. 182), broken in two halves, handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.6cm, height 4.2cm; handle 4 x 1.2 x 0.5cm. Upright rim with convex lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

182. No. 148. Miniature or small cup , Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC01.west section.plminR01, diameter at lip 4.6cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

91

149. Miniature or small cup, AC02.29.plmin.01 (Fig. 183), handmade of a refined, pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.5cm, height 4.2, with handle 5.4cm; handle 5.4 x 1.7 x 0.6/0.5cm. Upright rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave. 183. No. 149. Miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC02.29.plmin01, diameter at lip 4.5cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk. 150. vacat

151. Miniature or small cup, AC04.04.plmin179 (Fig. 185), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.5cm, height 3.8cm, with handle 5.1cm; handle 3.9 x 1.5 x 0.6/0.5cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

185. No. 151. Miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC04.04.minipl197, diameter at lip 4.5cm.

152. Miniature or small cup, AC04.30.plmin20 (Fig. 186), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.3cm, height 4.8cm x maximum diameter 6.5cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with convex lip, compressed globular body with slight carena, vertical strap handle from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim (broken). 186. No. 152. Miniature or small cup with broken handle Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC04.30.plmin20, diameter at lip 4.3cm.

92

153. Miniature or small cup, AC04.30.plmin14 (Fig. 187), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 3.9cm, height 3.8cm; handle broken. Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

187. No. 153. Miniature or small cup with broken handle Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC04.30.plmin14, diameter at lip 3.9cm.

154. Miniature or small cup, AC05.cenere0.plmin07 (Fig. 188), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.1cm, height 3.8cm; handle (broken) 1.6 x 0.6cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

188. No. 154. Miniature or small cup with broken handle Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC05.0.plmin07, diameter at lip 4.1cm.

155. Miniature or small cup, AC06.cenere05.plmin08 (Fig. 189), part of the body misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.5cm, height 3.8cm, with handle 5.5cm; handle 4.3 x 1.2 x 0.5cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

189. No. 155. Miniature or small cup,Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC06.cenere05.plmin08, diameter at lip 6.8cm.

93

156. Miniature or small cup, AC06.cenere08.plmin10 (Fig. 190). Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 3.7cm, height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

190. No. 156. Miniature or small cup, AC06.11.mc.10, handmade of refined clay, diameter at lip 3.7cm (irregular).

157. Miniature or small miniature cup, AC06.cenere11.plmin09. (Fig. 191), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.5cm, height 4.2, with handle 6.5cm; handle 5.6 x 1.7x 0.6/0.5cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave. 191. No. 157. Miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere11.plmin00, diameter at lip 4.5cm.

158. Miniature or small cup, AC06.011plmin01 (Fig. 192), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.9cm, height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. 94

Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave. 192. No. 158. Miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere11.plmin01, diameter at lip 4.9cm.

193. No. 159. Part of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere11.plmin00?, diameter at lip circa 7/8cm.

159. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC06.cenere11.plmin02 (Fig. 193), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4. Diameter at lip circa 7/8cm, height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

160. Miniature or small miniature or small cup, AC06.cenere8.plmin02 (Fig. 194), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.4cm, height 3.8cm; handle broken away. Incurved rim with tapered, convex lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave. 194. No. 160. Miniature or small cup,Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere08.plmin02, diameter at lip 4.4cm.

161. Miniature or small cup, AC06.cenere11.plmin153 (Fig. 195), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.1cm, height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. Upright rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. 95

195. No. 161. Miniature or small cup,Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere11.plmin153 or 165, diameter at lip 4.1cm.

196. No. 162. Miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC09.15.plmin105, diameter at lip 6.8cm.

197. No. 163. Miniature or small cup,Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC10.08.plmin03, diameter at lip circa 6.5cm.

162. Miniature or small cup, AC09.15.plmin105 (Fig. 196), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 6.8cm, height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. Incurved rim with convex lip, compressed globular body.

163. Miniature or small cup, AC10.08.plmin03 (Fig. 197), with handle roots. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip cica 6.5cm, height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. Outcurved rim with tapered lip, convex body, of the vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim, only the roots are preserved. 164. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC16.20.plmin136 (Fig. 198), with vertical strap handle. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 5cm, height 3.3cm, with handle 4.3; handle 4 x 1.5x 0.6/ 0.5cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with convex lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

198. No. 164. Miniature or small cup,Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16.20.plmin136, diameter at lip 5cm.

96

165. Miniature or small cup, AC16.20.plmin350 (Fig. 199), complete. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 3.9cm, height 3.6, with handle 5.2cm, handle 4.3 x 1.4 x 1.2cm. Outturned rim with convex lip, globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave and its sides are rising sharply upward.

199. No. 165. Miniature or small cup,Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC16.20.plmin350, diameter at lip 3.9cm.

166. Miniature or small cup, AC17.15.plmin51 (Fig. 200), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at inner rim 3.5cm, height 3.65cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. Incurved rim with convex lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

200. No. 166. Miniature or small cup,Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.15.plmin51, diameter at rim 3.5cm.

167. Miniature or small cup, AC18.15.plmin09 (Fig. 201), the handle broke away. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 5cm, height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, 97

compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

201. No. 167. Miniature or small cup,Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC18.15.plmin09, diameter at lip 5cm.

168. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC18.15.plmin70 (Fig. 202). Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter unknown, height 3.8cm. Outcurved rim (broken), compressed globular body (presumably). 202. No. 168. Fragment of a miniature or small cup,Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC18.15.plmin70, h. 3.8cm.

203. No. 169. Fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC18.17.plmin320, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 6.2cm.

204. No. 170. Rim to body fragment of a miniature or small cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC19.04.plmin07, maximum diameter 7cm.

169. Shoulder fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC18.17.plmin320 (Fig. 203). Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 6.2cm, height 4cm. Upright rim (broken), compressed globular body (presumably).

170. Rim to body fragment of a miniature or small cup, AC19.04.plmin07 (Fig. 204), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Maximum diameter 7cm, preserved height 5.5cm. Outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle was concave.

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171. Miniature or small cup, AC25.01.plmin21 (Fig. 205), part of the handle misses. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip 4.1cm, height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 0.6 x 0.5cm. Upright rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the miniature or small cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle was concave.

205. No. 171. Miniature or small cup,Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC25.01.plmin21, diameter at lip circa 4.1cm.

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CHAPTER V MINIATURE AND SMALL MUGS/JUGLETS IN FRINGE STYLE

5.1 Introduction The fragmented preservation of the Matt-painted jugs published in the next Chapter allows no conclusions as to ‘normal’ sizes for jugs. Jugs buried in tombs at Macchiabate necropolis, however, offer two different size-categories, the first of small mugs/juglets (Fig. 206):1 for example tomb Lettere A, no. 2 – maximum diameter 9.5cm; Lettere B, nos. 2 and 3 – respectively with maximum diameters 10cm and 9.2cm; Cerchio Reale Tomb 6/7, no. 6 – maximum diameter 10cm and Vigneto Tomb 5, no. 7 – maximum diameter 9cm. The second category comprises jugs of much larger proportions (Fig. 207): e.g. tombs Lettere A, no. 1 – maximum diameter 26.2cm; E, no.1 – maximum diameter 22cm; G, no. 2 – maximum diameter 15.5cm; tomba I, no. 1 – maximum diameter 18.6cm. From the measurements of the fragments one may conclude that the small mugs and/or juglets from the sanctuary on the Timpone della Motta published in this Chapter had a maximum diameter up to 8/9cm. They are thus less than half the size of the 2nd category of Macchiabate jugs which we consider to have been regularly in use. The juglets from the sanctuary are only somewhat smaller than the Macchiabate pots in the first category, but the difference may indicate that the sanctuary juglets are miniatures. In the previous Chapter we explained why it may be assumed that miniature-to-small cups and juglets may have functioned in sets. Even if this was not the case, their find-circumstances – many are from ash contexts – indicate that the small cups and juglets belonged to a category of utensils which had a ritual function. A couple of juglets made by hand of refined clay and decorated with small circles punched in with a rod or reed are from the same ash context as the plain and Matt-painted miniature and small vessels (Cat. nos. 218 and 220). One of these must have been a small hydria (Cat. no. 218). This tiny jug is an early representative of a class of votive gifts which in the sanctuary on the Timpone della Motta during the 7th century BC extends into thousands of vessels.

206. Small mugs/juglets from tombs A and B of the Lettere cluster of the Macchiabate necropolis: Adapted after Zancani Montuoro 1977-1979 (not to scale).

207. Regular-sized jugs from tombs A, E and I of the Lettere cluster in the Macchiabate necropolis: Adapted after Zancani Montuoro 1977-1979 (not to scale).

1

Compare notes 4 and 5 of Chapter III.

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5.2 Miniature and small mugs and/or juglets from the Timpone della Motta

208. No. 172. Shoulder fragment of a small closed vessel,Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A2.2.01.fs81, diameter at lower horizontal band circa 7cm.Drawing B. Hijmans, H. Waterbolk.

173. No. 209, Rim to belly fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC855, diameter at transition from rim to body 4cm.

210. No. 174. Shoulder to belly fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16.12.fs396, maximum diameter 7/8cm.

172. Neck (broken) to belly fragment of a small conical neck vessel, CE4.A2.2.01.fs81 (Fig. 208), diameter at lower horizontal band circa 7cm, preserved measurements 2.5 x 2.3 x 0.25cm. Of refined clay secondarily burnt to grey (Munsell 10YR 6/1). Conical (presumably) neck and convex shoulder. Decorated with a shoulder frieze composed of alternating cross-hatched to hatched panels alternating with reserved ones. From the latter long fringes.

173. Rim to belly fragment of a small conical neck vessel, AC855 (Fig. 209), diameter at transition from rim to body 4cm, h. 4.5 x 4.0 x 0.5/0.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), grey core, covered with very pale brown slip (eroded): Munsell 10YR 8/2. With rather sharply out-turned rim and tapered, convex lip, short convex, conical neck; the body presumably compressed globular. A decoration of panels on both sides of the handle is composed of at the transition from rim to neck a single line attached to a vertical line which ends the panel. At shoulder height alternating reserved and hatched panels, from the outer ends of the latter fringes are suspended.

174. Shoulder to belly fragment of a conical necked juglet AC16.12.fs396 (Fig. 210). Preserved measurements: maximum diameter circa 7/8cm, h. 3.9 x 5.4 x 0.4cm. Handmade of a refined, reddish yellow- firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 6/8). On the outside smooth, inside irregular. On the shoulder a frieze with hatched panels alternating with reserved areas or consisting of horizontal, parallel bands only.

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211. No. 175. Rim to belly fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16.12.fs518, diameter at lip circa 6/7cm.

175. Rim to shoulder fragment of a conical necked juglet AC16.12.fs518 (Fig. 211). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip circa 6/7cm, h. 4.2 x 6.2 x 0.3/0.2cm. Handmade of a refined, reddish yellow- firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 6/8). On the outside smooth, inside also smoothed but irregular. Over the transition from rim to neck two horizontal, parallel lines are painted. Over the neck a frieze with hatched panels, alternating with reserved areas.

176. Rim to body fragment, AC16.20.fs463 (Fig. 212), of a juglet. Diameter at lip circa 7.0cm, h. 4.5 x 4.5 x 0.5/0.2 – 0.15cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With conical neck, out-curved rim and convex lip; the body ovoid. Over the transition from rim to shoulder two parallel horizontal bands. Decorated on the shoulder with a fringed frieze, consisting of panels of horizontal parallel lines alternating with reserved areas from which sets of fringes descend over the belly. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. 212. No. 176. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC16.20.fs463, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip circa 7.0cm.

213. No. 177. Neck to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC16A.18.fs02 and fs05, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at transition from neck to shoulder circa 6cm.

177. Two non-fitting fragments of a conical neck juglet AC16A.18.fs02 (photo) and fs05 (drawing) (Fig. 213). Neck to shoulder fragments of a small jug. Preserved measurements: diameter at transition circa 6cm, h. 4.2 x 3.7 x 0.3cm. Handmade of refined, reddish yellow firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6). On the outside smooth, inside also smoothed but irregular. Conical neck, ovoid body.. Over the transition from shoulder to belly a frieze with hatched panels, cross-hatched at the ends, from the reserved area a bundle of long fringes descends.

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214. No. 178. Fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.23.fs09, maximum diameter 8/9cm.

215. No. 179. Rim to shoulder fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.23.fs09, maximum diameter 8cm.

old photograph

178. Neck to belly fragment of a small jug, AC16A.22.fs93 (Fig. 214), maximum diameter 8/9cm, h. 4.5 x 4.0 x 0.5/0.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), grey core. The body is presumably compressed globular. A decoration of panels on both sides of the handle closed off at the sides by a set of three long vertical lines. At shoulder height a frieze presumably alternating hatched/crosshatched and reserved areas, from the latter fringes are suspended. The outer vertical lines end in fringes too.

179. Rim to shoulder fragment of a juglet, AC16.12.fs454 (Fig. 215), maximum diameter 8cm, h. 3.3 x 4.2 x 0.4/0.3 - 0.3cm. Handmade of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4). With out-turned rim and tapered lip, conical neck, the body globular. Over the transition from rim to neck two horizontal and parallel lines. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the outer ends of the latter crosshatched. On the lip dashes.

180. Neck to belly fragment of a mug-juglet, AC17.15.fs864 (Fig. 216), maximum diameter 7/8cm, h. 7 x 6.5 x 0.8/0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4). Conical neck, the body presumably compressed globular. Over the transition from neck to shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the outer ends of the latter cross-hatched. A bundle of long fringes descends over the belly. The fragment could not be found after the Francavilla Marittima material had been moved from the Parco del Cavallo storerooms.

216. No. 180.Neck to belly fragment of a juglet, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.15.fs864, maximum diameter 7/8cm.

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181. Rim to body fragment of a juglet, AC17A.01.fs370 (Fig. 217), maximum diameter 7.5cm, h. 6.1 x 4.9 x 0.3/0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), on the outside smooth, inside rough with brush strokes. With conical convex neck and globular body, only part of the rim has been preserved. Decorated with a small horizontal band painted around the transition from rim to neck. On the neck a frieze consisting of alternating hatched and reserved areas.

217. No. 181.Neck to belly fragment of a juglet, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17A.01.fs370, maximum diameter 7.5cm.

218. No. 182. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC18.15.fs286, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at the transition from neck to shoulder 6cm.

219. No. 183. Neck to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC20.01.fs12, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at the trasition from rim to neck 4.7cm.

182. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, a jug or jar, AC18.15.fs286 (Fig. 218), diameter at transition from lip to neck 6cm, h. 5.2 x 6 x 0.5/03 - 04cm. Handmade of a very pale brown firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3), on the outside much abraded. With conical neck and flaring rim with convex lip. Decorated with two small horizontal and parallel bands painted around the transition from rim to neck. The transition from neck to shoulder is marked by a small frieze or by horizontal and parallel bands, from the lowest the lines of a few fringes are just in evidence on the belly.

183. Neck to body fragment of a juglet, AC20.01.fs12 (Fig. 219), diameter at transition from rim to neck 4.7cm, h. 5.2 x 5 x 0.7cm. Handmade of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With conical neck and slightly compressed, globular body. Decorated with a small horizontal band painted around the transition from rim to neck. The transition from neck to shoulder is marked by a frieze consisting of rectangular panels filled with two horizontal lines alternating with reserved areas, from which fringes descend over the belly.

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220. No. 184. Shoulder fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC22A.11.fs44, diameter at shoulder circa 7/8cm.

184. Shoulder to belly fragment of a small closed vessel, AC22A.11.fs44 (Fig. 220), diameter at shoulder circa 7/8cm, h. 3.2 x 3.5 x 0.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Ovoid body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of hatched and reserved panels, a bundle of long fringes is hanging from the reserved area. The neck was divided into reserved compartments by sets of three vertical lines. Compare for this and the next few vessels a similar fragment in the so-called Bern-Getty collection with material from the Timpone della Motta: Kleibrink 2008, Cat. no. III.17.

185. Wall fragment of a juglet, AC23.01.fs05, maximum diameter at 8/9cm (Fig. 221), h. 3 x 4 x 0.4cm. Probably made on a fast wheel of reddish-yellow firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 6/6), with grey core. With conical neck and ovoid (presumably) body. The neck was divided into reserved panels by sets of three vertical bands, The shoulder is decorated with a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter cross-hatched at the ends. From the reserved panels long fringes. 221. No. 185. Fragment of a juglet, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC23.01.fs05, maximum diameter 8/9cm.

222. No. 186. Rim to body fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC25A.01.fs09, diameter at lip 7/8cm.

186. Rim to belly fragment of a mug-juglet, AC25/25A.01.fs09 (Fig. 222), diameter at lip 7/8cm, h. 4.0 x 4.0 x 0.3 - 0.3cm. Handmade of a reddish-yellow firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6). On the outside polished, inside rough. With out-curved, slightly concave rim and convex lip, the body presumably compressed globular. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the outer ends of the latter cross-hatched. The neck is divided in reserved areas by sets of three vertical bands. From the reserved panels of the frieze parallel vertical fringes are in evidence.

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187. Wall fragment of a juglet, AC.spor.nn09, no diameter (Fig. 223). Preserved measurements: h. 4.8 x 5.0 x 0.4cm. Handmade of pink firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With convex conical neck and convex shoulder. The shoulder is decorated with a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter cross-hatched at the ends. From the reserved panels long fringes. 223. No. 187. Rim to body fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC25A.01.fs08, diameter at transition from rim to neck 8cm.

188. Rim to shoulder fragment, AC24.10.fs05, of a juglet (Fig. 224). Diameter at lip circa 3.7cm, h. 3.0 x 3.5 x 0.4/0.3 – 0.15cm. Handmade, secondarily burnt (Munsell light grey, 2.5YR 7/1). With conical neck, out-turned rim and tapered lip. Over the transition from rim to neck a single, plain band is painted, the neck is divided in reserved sections by vertical plain bands. On the shoulder a fringed frieze, consisting of panels filled with horizontal parallel cross-hatched at the ends and alternating with reserved trapezium-shaped areas from which fringes descend over the body. The lip is decorated with dashes. 224. No. 188. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC24.10.fs05, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip circa 3.7cm.

Plain Fringe Style 189. Shoulder-fragment, AC2022.fs01, of a small closed vessel (Fig. 225). Maximum diameter circa 8cm. Preserved measurements: 3.5 x 4.9 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 225. No. 189. Fragment of a juglet, Scavi Kleibrink 1991- 7.5YR 7/6), a pale brown slip covers the outside of 2004, AC2022.fs01, maximum diameter circa 10cm. the vessel (Munsell 10YR 8/3). Drawing M. Sangineto, H. Waterbolk. Convex shoulder. Decorated with a set of three horizontal, parallel lines from which fringes are hanging. Publ.: Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, pl. 11.

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226. No. 190. Fragment of a juglet, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC2803.2, maximum diameter at rim circa 10cm.

227. No. 191. Fragment of a juglet (presumably), Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC2806.fs01, no diameter. Drawing M. Sangineto, H. Waterbolk.

228. No. 192. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC16a.24.fs33, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at the lowest band circa 9cm.

190. Neck to body fragment of a mug/juglet, AC2803.fs02 (Fig. 226), maximum diameter circa 10cm, h. 5.3 x 4.2 x 0.3/0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 8/4); inside rough with brush strokes. With conical neck and globular body, the broken rim was out-turned. Decorated with two small horizontal bands painted around the transition from rim to neck. On the transition from neck to body three horizontal parallel bands, from which five fringes are hanging over the belly.

191. Shoulder fragment, AC2806.fs01 (Fig. 227), of a small closed vessel. No diameter. Preserved measurements: 4.6 x 5 x 0.5cm. Convex shoulder. Decorated with horizontal parallel lines from which fringes are hanging. Publ. : Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, pl. 11.

192. Neck to body fragment, AC16A.24.fs33 (Fig. 228), of a jug. Preserved measurements: diameter at the lowest band circa 9cm, h. 6.0 x 6.0 x 0.7/0.4cm. Handmade of a very pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/2), eroded, pale almost white slip. With convex conical neck and globular body. Decorated on the transition from neck to shoulder with a fringed frieze, of which six horizontal and parallel bands are preserved as well as the rest of a bundle of fringes descending over the belly.

193. Neck to body fragment of a small closed vessel, AC21.04.fs06 (Fig. 229), diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 13/14cm, h. 7.5 x 7.8 x 0.8/04 - 04cm. Handmade of a very pale brown firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3), on the outside covered with a slip in the same colour. With conical neck and globular body. 107

The transition from neck to shoulder is marked by five horizontal and parallel bands, from the lowest fringes hang down over the belly.

229. No. 193. Neck to body fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC21.04.fs06, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 13/14cm.

194. Neck to body fragment of a small closed vessel, AC25/25A.02.fs10 (Fig. 230), diameter at transition from neck to shoulder 6/7cm, h. 4.8 x 3.5 x 0.3cmcm. Handmade of a very pale brownfiring clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With conical neck and ovoid body. The transition from neck to shoulder is marked by six horizontal and parallel bands, from the lowest a set of oblique fringes are painted over the belly. 230. No. 194. Neck to body fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC25/25A.02.fs10, diameter at rim 6/7cm.

231. No. 195. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, K31, survey along the SP263 near two kiln bases, maximum diameter 8/10cm.

195. Neck to body fragment of a juglet, K31 (Fig. 231). Maximum diameter 10cm, preserved measurements 5 x 5.5 x 0.4. Handmade of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6), on the outside smooth, inside eroded. With conical neck and convex shoulder. The transition from neck to body is marked by a horizontal frieze with hatched panels or continuous horizontal and parallel bands. From the lowest band a set of three fringes suspends. From the ‘Kerameikos’ area, found during a survey along the Provincial motorway SP263 near two bases of pottery kilns.

196. Shoulder to body fragment of a juglet (presumably), K57 (Fig. 232). Maximum diameter 10/ 14cm, preserved measurements 4 x 3.5 x 1.0 handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6). With convex shoulder. On the shoulder a horizontal frieze with hatched panels or continuous horizontal and parallel bands. 108

232. No. 196. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, K31, survey along motorway SP263 near two kiln bases, maximum diameter 10/14cm.

From the lowest one a bundle of five fringes descends over the body. From the ‘Kerameikos’ area, found during a survey along the Provincial motorway SP263 near two bases of pottery kilns.

197. Rim to body fragment, AC17.19b.fs92 (Fig. 233), with the root of a vertical strap handle of a jug. Preserved measurements: diameter at the transition from rim to neck circa 5cm, h. 5.3 x 5.0 x 0.3/0.4 0.25cm. Handle 1.9 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6), on the outside a pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 8/3). Grey core. With conical neck, slightly convex at the upper part, out-turned rim and tapered convex lip. Over the transition from rim to shoulder a horizontal band. On the shoulder a fringed frieze of which a hatched part with two fringes has been preserved as well as the vertical line which ends the 233. No. 197. Rim to neck fragment of a closed vessel, frieze near the handle. It seems the rim was AC17.19b.fs92, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at the decorated with dashes. transition from rim to neck circa 5cm. Comment: presumably not an askos because at the inside the thin sherd is smooth and not irregular as is more usual with askoi in Fringe Style.

234. No. 198. Rim to neck fragment of a closed vessel, ACzn.fs10, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 11cm.

198. Rim to body fragment, AC.zn.fs10 (Fig. 234), of a juglet. Preserved measurements: maximum diameter 10/11cm, h. 7.3 x 4.5 x 0.4/0.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Grey core. With conical neck, out-curved rim and globular (presumably) body. The neck is divided into compartments by sets of three vertical bands. Over the transition from neck to shoulder a set of three horizontal, parallel bands has been painted. From the lowest band a bundle of three long fringes descend over the belly. 199. Neck to body fragment, AC18A.15.fs12, of a jug (Fig. 235). Diameter at the transition from neck to shoulder 8cm, h. 4.5 x 4.5 x 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). 109

235. No. 199. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC18A.15.fs12, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at the transition from neck to shoulder 8cm.

236. No. 200. Rim to shoulder fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC26.01.fs08, diameter lip circa 6cm.

237. No. 201. Rim to shoulder fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC10. spor, no diameter.

With conical neck and globular body. Decorated on the transition from neck to shoulder with a fringed frieze, of which three horizontal and parallel bands are preserved as well as three more or less bell-shaped fringes descending over the belly. The neck is divided into reserved areas by a set of three vertical bands.

200. Rim to neck fragment of a mug-juglet, AC26.01.fs08 (Fig. 236), diameter at lip 6cm, h. 2.6 x 4.7 x 0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With out-curved rim and convex lip, conical neck. On the neck a division of lines indicating a panelled decoration.. On the inside of the lip decorated with dashes. 201. Rim to neck fragment of a mug-juglet, AC10 spor (Fig. 237), no diameter. Preserved measurements: h. 3.0 x 3 x 0.3cm. Handmade of a yellowish redfiring clay (Munsell 5YR 6/6) with grey core. With out-turned rim and convex lip, conical neck. On the neck a division of lines indicates panel decoration, perhaps with fringes. Filled triangles on the inside of the rim.

Banded Style

238. No. 202. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, CE4.A3.10.381, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at shoulder circa 11cm.

239. No. 203. Neck to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC03.04.fs09, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004.

202. Neck and shoulder fragment of a small closed vessel CE4.A3.10.381 (Fig. 238), diameter at shoulder circa 11cm, preserved measurements 3.7 x 3.5 x 0.7cm. Conical neck and convex shoulder. Decorated with three parallel and horizontal bands around the transition from neck to shoulder. 203. Neck to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC03.04.fs09 (Fig. 239), h. 3.2 x 4.9 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/) With convex conical neck and globular body. A set of three horizontal and parallel small bands are painted over the transition from neck to belly. 110

240. No. 204. Rim to body fragment of a mug/juglet, AC03.04.fs15, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004,.

204. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC03.04.fs15 (Fig. 240), h. 4.0 x 6.2 x 0.4 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6), pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With conical neck and out-curved rim with tapered lip, globular body. A thin line painted over the transition from rim to neck and a set horizontal and parallel small bands painted over the transition from neck to belly.

205. Complete conical-neck mug/juglet AC05.07b.bs11 (Fig. 241) with vertical strap handle. Measurements: diameter at lip 6.6cm, h. 8.5cm, handle 6.1 x 2.4 x 1.1cm. Handmade from a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5 YR 7/4). Compressed globular body, conical neck with flaring rim and convex lip. The decoration consists of two horizontal, parallel bands over the transition from rim to neck and a set of four horizontal bands over the transition from neck to body. The handle is decorated with sets of horizontal bands too: four at the level of the transition from rim to neck and three just above the attachment of the handle to the body. On the internal lip sets of dashes.

241. No. 205. Complete mug/juglet, AC05.07b.bs11, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 6.6cm.

206. Complete conical-neck mug/juglet AC16.20.bs713 (Fig. 242) with vertical strap handle. Measurements: diameter lip 5.3cm, h. 7.2cm, handle 5.1 x 2.2 x 1.1cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5 YR 7/4), the outside covered in pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/3), which is partly eroded. Compressed globular body, conical neck with flaring rim and convex, tapered lip. 111

The decoration consists of two horizontal, parallel bands over the transition from rim to neck and a set of four horizontal bands over the transition from neck to body. The handle is decorated with sets of horizontal bands: four at the level of the transition from rim to neck and three just above the attachment of the handle to the body. A similar jug among the Francavilla Marittima material is one from the so-called Bern-Getty collection: Kleibrink 2008, Cat. no. III.27 (h. 9.7 x diameter at lip 6.8cm).

242. No. 206. Complete mug/juglet, AC16.20.bs713, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 5cm.

207. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC16.07.bs30 (Fig. 243), diameter at transition neck to shoulder 8cm, h. 4.7 x 4.3 x 0.5/0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With slightly convex conical neck and out-turned rim (broken away). The body was globular. Decorated with two small horizontal and parallel bands painted around the transition from rim to neck. The transition from neck to shoulder is marked by three horizontal and parallel bands. 243. No. 207. Rim to body fragment of a mug/juglet, AC16.07.bs30, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at transition from lip to shoulder lip 8cm.

244. No. 208. Complete mug/juglet, AC16A.18.bs01, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at transition from rim to neck circa 8cm.

208. Rim (broken) to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC16A.18.bs01 (Fig. 244), diameter at transition from rim to neck circa 8cm, h. 6.8 x 4.8 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a very pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3), on the outside covered with a slip in a light, almost white colour. With slightly convex conical neck and flaring rim which is only partly preserved. The body must have been globular. Decorated with three small horizontal and parallel bands painted around the transition from rim to neck. The transition from neck to shoulder is marked by five horizontal and parallel bands.

112

209. Neck to body fragment, AC16A.18.fs35 (Fig. 245), of a juglet. Maximum diameter 6cm, h. 5.0 x 3.5 x 0.3cm. Handmade from very pale brown firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/2), eroded, pale almost white slip. With conical neck and globular body. Decorated on the transition from neck to shoulder with four horizontal and parallel bands.

245. No. 209. Neck to body fragment of a small closed vessel, AC16A.18.fs35, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter 6cm.

246. No. 210. Fragment of a small closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.04.bs38, diameter at transition from neck to shoulder circa 5cm.

210. Neck to belly fragment of a mug-juglet, AC17.04.bs38 (Fig. 246), diameter at transition circa 5cm, h. 3.0 x 3.5 x 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), With conical neck and ovoid body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably) or with horizontal lines only.

211. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC18.04.bs86 (Fig. 247), diameter at the belly circa 8cm, h. 6.5 x 6.4 x 0.7/0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With conical neck and out-turned rim with tapered lip, globular body. With two thin parallel and horizontal lines painted over the transition from rim to neck and a set of three horizontal and parallel small bands painted over the transition from neck to belly.

247. No. 211. Rim to body fragment of a jug, AC18.04.fs86, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter belly 8cm.

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212. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC18A.15.bs06 (Fig. 248), diameter at lip 8cm, h. 9.0 x 7.9 x 0.8/0.3 – 0.7cm. Handmade of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/4). With convex conical neck and out-curved rim with tapered lip, globular body. A thin line painted over the transition from rim to neck and a set of four horizontal and parallel small bands painted over the transition from neck to belly. 248. No. 212. Rim to body fragment of a jug, AC18A.15.bs06, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 6.6cm.

213. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC19.14.fs13 (Fig. 249), diameter at the transition from neck to shoulder circa 8cm, h. 7.1 x 5.9 x 0.6 – 0.2cm. Handmade of very pale brown firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With conical neck and out-curved rim with tapered lip, globular body. A thin line painted over the transition from rim to neck and a set of four horizontal and parallel small bands painted over the transition from neck to belly. 249. No. 213. Complete mug/juglet, AC19.14.bs13, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at transition from neck to shoulder 8cm.

250. No. 214. Rim to body fragment of a jug, AC20.14.bs01, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip circa 8cm.

214. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC20.14.bs01 (Fig. 250), diameter at lip circa 8cm, h. 5.8 x 5.4 x 0.6/0.4cm. Handmade of very pale brown firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With convex, conical neck and out-curved rim with tapered lip, globular body. Two thin parallel lines painted over the transition from rim to neck and a set of three horizontal and parallel small bands painted over the transition from neck to belly.

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251. No. 215. Rim to body fragment of a jug, AC25.02.bs05, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip circa 8cm.

215. Rim to body fragment of a juglet, AC25.02.bs05 (Fig. 251), diameter at lip circa 8cm, h. 5.5 x 4.7 x 0.5/0.3 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With convex conical neck and out-turned rim with tapered convex lip and globular (presumably) body. Two horizontal parallel lines are painted over the transition from rim to neck and a set of four horizontal and parallel small bands painted over the transition from neck to belly. The outer bands are somewhat broader than the inner ones. The lip is decorated with dashes.

216. Neck to body fragment of a juglet, AC23.01.bs08 (Fig. 252), diameter neck circa 8cm, h. 6.4 x 5.8 x 0.6/0.3 – 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With convex conical neck and globular body. A set of four horizontal and parallel small bands painted over the transition from neck to belly. The outer bands are slightly broader than the inner ones.

252. No. 216. Neck to body fragment of a juglet, AC23.01.bs08, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter neck circa 8cm.

253. No. 217. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC17A.01.bs101, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at the transition from neck to shoulder 5cm.

217. Neck to shoulder fragment, AC17A.01.bs101 (Fig. 253). Diameter at the transition from neck to shoulder circa perhaps 8/10cm, h. 5.3 x 5.0 x 0.3/0.4 - 0.25cm. Probably made on a fast wheel of a reddish yellow- firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6), on the outside a pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 8/3). With conical neck and convex shoulder. Over the transition from neck to shoulder a frieze with horizontally hatched panels.

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218. Miniature jug, hydria type, AC05.08.plmin03 (Fig. 254), broken and mended. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), with a vertical and a horizontal handle. Diameter at lip 4.3cm, height 6.1cm; handle 4.2 x 1.4 x 0.6cm. Slightly outcurved rim with convex lip, conThe vessel is decorated with tiny circles punched in with a hollow rod or reed.

254. No. 218. Miniature jug (hydria type) with broken horizontal handle Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC05.08.plmin03, diameter at lip 4.3cm.

219. Miniature jug, AC06.cenere04.plmin01 (Fig. 255), broken and mended. Handmade of a refined, pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), with a single vertical handle attached to the lip and to the vessel’s largest diameter. Diameter at lip 3.5cm, preserved height 3.8cm; handle 3.9 x 1.2x 0.6/0.5cm. Very slightly outcurved rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body, vertical strap handle, rising from the widest diameter of the cup and attached to the rim. The centre of the handle is concave.

255. No. 219. Miniature jug Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere04.plmin01, diameter at lip 3.5cm.

220. Rim to body fragment of a miniature jug, AC06.cenere09.plmin05 (Fig. 256). Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Diameter at lip circa 5cm, preserved height 5.3cm. Outturned rim with tapered lip, compressed globular body. The juglet is decorated with tiny circles punched in with a hollow rod or reed.

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256. No. 220. Miniature jug, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere09.plmin05, diameter at lip 5cm.

221. Miniature jug, AC06.cenere18.plmin03 (Fig. 257), with root of a vertical handle. Handmade of a refined, pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Maximum diameter 4.0cm, preserved height 4 x base 3.5cm. Outcurved rim (broken), compressed globular body. With root of vertical handle preserved at the belly.

257. No. 221. Miniature cup Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC06.cenere18.plmin03, maximum diameter 4cm.

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CHAPTER VI CLOSED VESSELS IN FRINGE STYLE: JUGS & JARS

6.1. Introduction This chapter contains in the first place four almost globular closed vessels, which because of their single horizontal strap handles may be classified as mugs or juglets.1 Moreover, fragments of closed vessels of larger proportions are enclosed (i. e. not miniature or small as in the previous chapter). Unfortunately, no difference could be made between jars and jugs because in most cases handles or handle roots are missing. The most complete preserved matt-painted jars decorated - very nicely - in the Fringe Style found so-far at Francavilla Marittima are the ones from the timber dwelling CE4, reconstructed from many fragments (Cat. nos. 226 and 227), some badly burned and a nice jar, preserved in many fragments (Cat. no. 257). The latter vessel has a globular belly and a conical neck, the rim is thick and out-curved with convex lip. The neck is divided by means of two vertical parallel thin lines in two large reserved compartments, one at the front and one at the reverse side of the vase and presumably two smaller ones over the handle zones at the sides. In the large compartments a small and free-standing motif of four horizontal parallel lines has been painted. The internal rim is decorated with filled triangles. The panelled frieze of this bi-conical vessel has been applied carefully to the upper shoulder and consists of long panels at the obverse and reverse sides, filled with 5 horizontal lines, which are, although applied to the area where the convex wall of the shoulder dips into the conical area of the neck fairly straight. The reserved areas which alternate with the long striped panels, but only in the handle zones, are small and almost square, the dividing lines of the neck depart from these. The fringes have been added in an original way: because they start as bundles of three vertical lines at the top line of the horizontal frieze and then cross obliquely through the frieze to continue as three thin lines widening over the belly as fairly elegant fringes. This decoration resembles the one from the vessel Cat. no. 226 so much that one may suppose a provenance from the same workshop. The latter jar had a hollow base to stand on and an ovoid body with conical neck. Typical is the place of the fringed frieze decoration over the transition from globular shoulder to conical neck. The jar has the same thin and widening fringes as the frieze discussed above, moreover it has, on top of the fringed frieze long reserved panels in which stylised waterbirds are painted, alternating with panels with the motif composed of sets of horizontal stripes, a motif that may indicate a stylised lake or water element, now recognisable also in the case of the neck decoration of the vessel discussed above, Cat. no. 257. Application of the Fringe Style to large closed vessels with a globular or ovoid body seems to have been rather unpopular; relatively few jug or jar fragments with this type of decoration have been found on the ‘Acropolis’ of the Timpone della Motta. This of course may be related to a specific selection of cups and small vessels for ritual purpose but even then one would expect more matching full-sized jugs. One reason for this unpopularity may have been a perception among vase painters that on conical-neck vessels the fringed friezes ought to be applied to the transition between the globular body to the conical necks. The surface of these areas is not level; it is difficult to draw straight horizontal lines, especially on the inward sloping section from the convex shoulder to the conical neck. Cat. no. 236 (AC2003.fs01) is a fragment of a handmade conical-neck closed vessel. It carries a panel filled with lines successfully drawn straight on just such a transitional area. The clay is pink and slip-covered, which marks the jug as a ‘classical’ type locally produced for the Athenaion.

1

Compare Chapter III notes 4 and 5.

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Cat. no. 253 is a wall fragment of a large vessel, presumably a conical neck jar, decorated on the upper shoulder/ lower neck area with a fringed frieze; the decoration consists of a hatched horizontal panel drawn with thicker lines alternating with a reserved area while fringes are pending from the corner of the panel as well as from the reserved area. The 8 lines the panel is filled with are nicely horizontal and thin, which, together with the pink fabric and ivory slip put the vessel in the ‘classical’ category. Rim fragment Cat. no. 239 illustrates the Fringe Style applied to a ‘classical’ jug, with a conical neck widening into a globular body and an outcurving rim decorated with filled triangles. The classical character of this jug is expressed by its decoration of relatively fine and straight lines applied to a surface of pale refined clay covered with an ivory to pale brown slip. In this case the painter selected the lower neck as the area to be decorated, thus avoiding the problem of curved surfaces. The decoration is interrupted at the handle zone on which suspended fringes have been painted. Many of the fragments mentioned in this chapter are decorated with friezes which were probably finished off with bundles of fringes. However, in many cases the material is so fragmentary that the presence of fringes can only be presumed, and indications for an interruption of the hatched friezes by reserved panels are often lacking. On jugs which resemble the smaller mugs/juglets published in the previous chapter, like Cat. nos. 267 and 268 the hatched friezes were probably continuous. On a number of closed vessels produced at Francavilla Marittima the fringes are not bundles of simple, more or less parallel vertical lines or brush strokes, but bell-shaped elements (Cat. nos. 269-285), often three in a row and centrally placed in a frieze. The friezes themselves usually also deviate from the ‘classical’ pattern of alternating reserved and hatched panels, consisting instead of an arrangement of broad and low, horizontal, parallel bands, intersected by reserved areas usually with a wide reserved area at the neck. On most of these vessels handles are flanked by long pointed bands which extend downwards over a significant portion of the convex belly. In publications these lines are called ‘moustaches’ or ‘baffi’. The more sober compositions with bell-shaped fringes may derive from a tenda decorated pottery, which was in vogue at Sala Consilina and at the Oenotrian sites of Basilicata.2 At Francavilla Marittima the trend starts late in the Middle Geometric period as finds from AC18.15 indicate (Cat. nos. 280-281) but in general these variations probably date to the period of ca. 725 into the early decades of the 7th century BC. The fragments in this chapter marked with an * are too small to decide whether they are from cups or from closed vessels, because our impression is that they belong to the latter category they have been incorporated here.

6.2 Closed vessels in Fringe Style from the Timpone della Motta

222. Single-handle, globular, closed vessel, presumably a mug/juglet CE4.A2.-2.1.80; -2.2.21; 4A2-4.33; 11.43, 85, 87, 88, 1562.fs21+etc. (Fig. 258). Diameter lip ca. 10cm, height ca. 9cm, maximum diameter ca. 14.5cm, thickness fabric ca.0.8/0.5cm, idem lip 0.2cm. Handmade of refined clay, fired to a very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/2); the base is secondarily burnt to grey and dark grey shades (Munsell 10YR 6/1 to 4/1). The matt paint is 2

Yntema 1990: Fig. 139 motif 27.

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258. No. 222. Rim to base fragments of a mug/juglet, CE4.A2.-2.1.80; -2.2.21; 4A2-4.33; -11.43, 85, 87, 88, 1562.fs21+etc., Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, timber dwelling Plateau I, diameter at lip circa 10cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans, H. Waterbolk.

259. No. 223. Rim to lower body fragment, CE4.A1.17.fs02, of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, timber dwelling Plateau I, diameter at lip circa 6/7cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans, H. Waterbolk.

brown (Munsell 10YR 4/3). Flat base, relatively wide globular body and conical neck; the short rim is outcurving and the lip tapering. The single, saddled strap-handle extending upwards from the vessel’s greatest diameter was originally attached to the lip. The decoration consists of a broad band - partially subdivided into two smaller ones - around the rim/neck transition; the neck is decorated with two horizontal, parallel hatched bands, the upper one wider than the lower. From the latter, sets of long fringes descend over the belly. The inside of the rim is decorated with small dashes. The vessel is included in this catalogue because of its conspicuous bundles of fringes, but otherwise deviates from the classical Fringe Style decoration in that its fringes are not associated with a frieze of alternating reserved and hatched panels. The thick, bold decoration style suggests that the vessel may be slightly earlier than the Late Geometric period, although in isolation hatched bands in friezes are also found on Francavilla Marittima Matt-painted pottery in the Miniature Style; compare e.g. cup CE.4A.A2.4.fs.r12 from the same contexts (Fig. 58b). The fragments of juglet Cat. no. 222 were found among the half-burnt Matt-painted contents of the Late Geometric timber dwelling on Plateau I (Kleibrink 2004, 2006, 2010). The vessels were probably already broken and partially scattered before the fire occurred, which did not touch the building itself since no burnt wall material (daub or dried brick) could be identified, nor any ash layer. Ref.: Kleibrink 2006, pl. 33.9.

223. Rim to lower body fragments of a closed vessel, presumably a mug/juglet, CE4.a1.17.fs02 (Fig. 259). Diameter at lip 6/7cm. Handmade, severely burnt. With upright rim, tapered lip and globular body. Decorated with a small horizontal band painted around the transition from rim to neck. The shoulder is decorated with a frieze consisting of alternating hatched and reserved panels, from the reserved ones and the ends of the frieze at the handle bundles of long fringes are suspended. The lip is decorated with dashes.

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224. Many fragments of a globular mug/juglet AC22a.11 fs06a (Fig. 260). Diameter lip 9.5cm, height 11.9cm, maximum diameter circa 17cm, thin wall of 0.25cm. Handmade from a refined, reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/6), on the outside with a thin pinkish white slip (more a wash, Munsell 7.5YR 8/2). Slightly raised base, globular body, conical neck, outcurved rim with convex lip. At maximum diameter root of rounded staff handle (broken away). The decoration consists of a line applied around the transition from rim to neck, the neck is divided into reserved areas by sets of three vertical lines. Over the transition from shoulder to body a frieze composed of alternating reserved and hatched rectangles, the latter cross-hatched at the ends. From the reserved panels bundles of long fringes descend over the belly. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. Ref.: Kleibrink 2006, 146, Fig. 1.

260. No. 224. Rim to body fragments of a mug/juglet, AC22A.11.fs06a, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 9.1cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans, H. Waterbolk.

225. Mug/juglet with a single strap handle (partly broken away), stray find during the Scavi Attema/Jacobsen 2008-09*, diameter at lip 6cm, maximum diameter 9.5cm (Fig. 261). Preserved measurements h. 8.2 x 9.5 x 0.6/1.0cm. Strap-handle 2 x 2.3 x 0.8cm. Handmade of pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4. At circa half the vessel the decoration is abraded. With slightly out-curved rim, short conical neck and globular body. Decorated with a horizontal band painted around the transition from rim to neck. The shoulder is decorated with a frieze consisting of alternating hatched and reserved panels, from the latter and from the ends of the frieze at the handle bundles of long fringes are suspended. Compare for a similar specimen from the former BernGetty collections of material from the 121

Timpone della Motta, Kleibrink 2008, Cat. no. III.12, rim 6cm, h. 9.2cm *Handed to the author in 2010 by Dr. Jan K. Jacobsen.

261. No. 225. Rim to body fragments of a mug/juglet, Spor. juglet.fs01, Scavi Attema/Jacobsen 2008-‘09, diameter at lip 6cm.

226. Large conical neck jar CE.4A2.11.fs15, 17, 35, 46, 49, 84, 86, 106, 133 +4A.3.10.fs83, 322+4A2.2.fs10, 15 + 4A2.12.11.32 or 92 and 4A?.24 (Fig. 262), recomposed of many fragments. Diameter lip: 14cm. Preserved measurements: height 26.5 x width 0.7cm; width of handle 12cm. Weight: all fragments together over 5 kilograms. Clay: depurated neutral slipped over the exterior internally secondarily burned to a dark grey. Colour: greyish pink (Munsell 5YR7.2), slip pinkish white (Munsell 5YR8/2). With slightly convex, conical-neck, out-turned rim with tapered lip and ovoid body. On a profiled hollow ring foot, with two upturned staff handles flattened towards the interior and rounded towards the exterior. The neck is decorated with three fine horizontal and parallel lines around the transition from rim to neck and below those divided into reserved panels by sets of two parallel thin, vertical lines. The panels are alternatingly decorated with a swimming waterbird and three horizontal, parallel dashes (indicating water?). Over the transition from neck to shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, bundles of fringes are suspended from the reserved ones. The handles are decorated with vertical and horizontal lines and below the handle opening a small ‘a tenda’ motif is in evidence. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. Ref.: Kleibrink 2006a, Fig. 33.11. 262. No. 226. Rim to base fragments of a jar, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, CE.4A2.11.fs15, 17, 35, 46, 49, 84, 86, 106, 133 + 4A.3.10.fs83, 322+4A2.2.fs10, 15 + 4A2.12.11.32 or 92 and 4A?.24AC17a.12.fs16, maximum diameter 18cm. Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk.

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227. Several neck to shoulder fragments, CE4.A.2.11.fs8 + 4A2.2. of a large, conical-necked jar (Fig. 263). Measurements: h. 10 x 9.5 x 0.7/0.4cm. Colour: greyish pink (Munsell 5YR 7/2), slip pinkish white (Munsell 5YR 8/2). Slightly convex, conical neck and convex shoulder. Decorated so much like the previous catalogue number that the fragments were thought to be part of that vessel. However, during restoration of the vases these fragments appeared to belong to a second, almost identical, perhaps somewhat wider and larger specimen. On the other hand the previously catalogued items may have shrunk when secondarily burnt.

263. No. 227. Neck to body fragments of a jar, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A.2.11.fs8 + 4A2.2, maximum diameter 23cm? Drawing B. L. Hijmans & H. Waterbolk

228. Belly fragment with the root of a horizontal staff handle of a jar, AC04.09.fs151 (Fig. 264), maximum diameter circa 24cm, h. 7.2 x 10.1 x 0.6cm. Handle 1.2 x section 1.2/1.8cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). On the outside and inside smooth with small parallel ridges which show the borders of the individual coils. With convex belly. On the shoulder a frieze (presumably) from which a set of four long fringes descends next to the handle. 264. Fig. 228. Belly fragment of a jar, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC04.09.fs151, maximum diameter circa 24cm.

229. Belly fragment with the root of a horizontal round handle of a jar, AC04.31.fs117 (Fig. 265), maximum diameter circa 22cm, h. 7.5 x 9.0 x 1.9/0.5cm. Preserved handle part 3.0cm, diameter 2.5cm. Handmade a of pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). On the outside smooth, inside irregular. With convex belly. 123

On the shoulder a frieze (presumably) with alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels from which near the handle a bundle of fringes is in evidence.

265. No. 229. Belly fragment of a jar, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, AC04.31.fs117, maximum diameter circa 22cm.

266. No. 230. Rim to body fragment of a jar, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.24.fs88, maximum diameter circa 22cm.

230. Belly fragment with the root of a horizontal staff handle of a jar (presumably), AC16A.24.fs88 (Fig. 266), maximum diameter circa 22cm, h. 6.0 x 10.5 x 1.0cm. Handle 2 x 1.5cm. Handmade of pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), self slip in the same colour. On the outside smooth, on the outside smooth, on the inside irregular and with brush strokes in evidence. Outcurved rim (upper part missing), and convex belly. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably) which end at the handle with a bundle of fringes. The handle is decorated with circles near its attachment to the body

231. Shoulder to body fragment of a mug/juglet presumably), AC10.10.fs79 (Fig. 267). Preserved measurements: maximum diameter circa 9cm, h. 5.5 x 4.5 x 1.2/0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/4). On the outside smooth, inside iregular. Ovoid body. Over the shoulder a frieze with alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels. From the reserved area a bundle of fringes is hanging. With its small dimensions the vessel resembles the juglets published in the previous Chapter.

267. No. 231. Rim to body fragment of a mug/juglet (presumably), AC10.10.fs79, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 9cm.

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268. No. 232. Rim fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC2047.fs02, maximum diameter circa 9cm.

269. No. 233. Fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC2775.fs02, diameter at lip 15cm.

232.* Rim fragment, AC2047.fs02, of a closed vessel, diameter at lip 21cm, h. 4.3 x 4.8 x 1.0cm (Fig. 268). Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), on the outside a heavy, very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/3). Out-curved rim and beveled lip. Decorated with a frieze with alternating hatched and reserved (presumably). The inside rim decorated with filled triangles.

233.* Rim to shoulder fragment AC2775.fs02, of a closed vessel (Fig. 269), diameter at lip 15cm, height 3.5 x 4.7 x 0.7cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Outcurving rim and convex lip. Underneath the rim a frieze consisting of hatched panels. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles.

234.* Rim to shoulder fragment with strap handle root of a closed vessel, Scavi Stoop 1963-69. Museum inventory number FM118241 (Groningen University number FMI 808), (Fig. 270), diameter at lip 16cm, height 3.5 x 4.4 x 0.8/0.3 - 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Outcurving rim and tapering lip. Underneath the rim a frieze consisting of alternating hatched and reserved panels. On the right two vertical bands cross-hatching the ends of the hatched panel are visible. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. 270. No. 234. Rim to shoulder fragment, of a closed vessel The preserved fragment is irregular and the FM118241 (Groningen University number FM I 808), Scavi Stoop 1963-’69, diameter at lip 16cm. diameter of the lip may have been less wide. Scavi Stoop 1963-69, “Stipe I”, which nowadays is seen as part of the South Fill, compare the remarks in Chapter I, note 2.

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235.* Rim to body fragment, AC16.12.fs507, of a closed vessel (Fig. 271). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 15cm; h. 6.3 x 9 x 0.5cm. Handmade of refined, medium compact, porous clay with mica inclusions. With out-turned rim and tapering lip, beveled at the inside. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of horizontallyhatched panels. The inside rim decorated with filled triangles.

Fig. 271, No. 235. Rim to shoulder fragment of a of a closed vessel, AC16.12.fs507, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder circa 15cm.

Classical Fringe Style

236. Rim to lower body of a of a closed vessel AC2003.fs01 (Fig. 272). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 9cm; h.5.6 x t. 0.4cm. Weight: 102 gr. Clay: handmade of depurated, fine clay. Colour: paste very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 7/3), a somewhat lighter slip covers the outside and also the internal lip (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With out-turned rim and tapering lip; a truncated conical neck and squat globular body, flat bottom. Decorated with two lines around the neck and a fringe on the shoulder on the shoulder a frieze consisting of reserved rectangles alternating with rectangles filled with horizontal, parallel stripes. From the empty areas fringes pendle. On the internal lip filled triangles. Ref. : Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, pl.10.pl. 8

272. No. 236. Rim to lower body fragment of a closed vessel, juglet?, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC2003.fs01, diameter at lip 9cm. Drawing H. Waterbolk.

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273. No. 237. Wall fragment of a closed vessel, CE4.A2.01.fs03, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 3.9cm. drawing B. L. Hijmans, H. Waterbolk.

237. Wall-fragment CE4.A2.02.1.fs03 (Fig. 273), of a closed vessel. Preserved measurements: h. 3.9 x w. 2.8 x t. 0.9 cm. Clay: refined with mica and lime particles, handmade, exterior covered with slip. Colours: clay pink (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4); very pale brown slip (Munsell 7.4YR 8/3), decoration grayish brown (Munsell 10YR 5/2). Preserved decoration: a reserved area alternating with an area filled with horizontal parallel bands

238. Rim to shoulder fragment AC05.07.fs160, of a of a closed vessel (Fig. 274). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 8.4cm; h. 8.8 x 7.4x 0.9/0.7 – 0.6cm. Clay: handmade of refined clay. Colour: paste pink (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) slip very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With out-curved rim and tapering, convex lip; a slightly convex, conical neck and squat globular body (presumably). Decorated with two lines around the transition from rim to neck (the handle area reserved) and a frieze consisting of reserved trapezoidal areas alternating with rectangles filled with horizontal hatching cross-hatched at the ends. From the reserved areas fringes descend as also from the ends of the frieze. On the internal lip filled triangles. ‘Classical Fringe Style’ Made from stacked clay rings. The neck which has been smoothed on a slow turning wheel was added with the aid of a stick. The joint is only roughly smoothed over.

274. No. 238. Rim to shoulder fragment of a of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC05.07.fs160, maximum diameter circa 8.4cm.

239. Rim to shoulder fragment AC14.A2-1.fs11, of a of a closed vessel (Fig. 275). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 6cm; h. 6.3 x 8.4x 0.6 – 0.4cm. Clay: handmade of refined clay. Colour: paste pink 127

(Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) slip very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With out-curved rim and tapering, convex lip; a conical neck and squat globular body (presumably). Decorated with a line around the transition from rim to neck (the handle area reserved) and a frieze consisting of reserved trapezoidal areas alternating with rectangles filled with horizontal hatching cross-hatched at the ends. From the reserved areas fringes are hanging as also from the ends of the frieze. On the internal lip filled triangles. ‘Classical Fringe Sryle’ Comment: not clear whether a horizontal (askos) or vertical jug.

275. No. 239. Fragment of a of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC14.A2-1.fs11, diameter at lip 6cm.

240. Shoulder fragment of a of a closed vessel, AC16.10.fs770 (Fig. 276), maximum diameter 16/18cm, h. 5.5 x 5 x 0.4cm. Hand made from a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Outside smooth inside irregular Of the decoration a shoulder frieze is in existence with alternating reserved and hatched areas.

276. No. 240. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC16.10.fs770, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter 16/18cm.

277. No. 241. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC17.14.fs59, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter at the transition from neck to shoulder circa 9cm.

241. Neck to shoulder fragment, AC17.14.fs59, of a closed vessel (Fig. 277). Diameter at the transition from neck to shoulder circa 9cm, h. 6.0 x 6.0 x 0.7/0.4cm. Handmade from a very pale-brown- firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/2), eroded, pale almost white slip. With convex conical neck and globular body (presumably). Decorated on the transition from neck to shoulder with a fringed frieze probably consisting of bands or panels only, the start of a bundle of fringes descending is just in evidence. Comment: with its small dimensions this vessel belongs with the juglets published in the previous chapter.

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278. No. 242. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC18A.02.fs07, diameter at lip 13cm.

242. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, a jug or jar, AC18A.02.fs07 (Fig. 278), diameter at lip 13cm, h. 7.5 x 10.8 x 0.8/04 - 04cm. Handmade of a very pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 8/3), on the outside covered with a slip in the same colour. With conical neck and flaring rim with convex lip. Decorated with two small horizontal and parallel bands painted around the transition from rim to neck. The transition from neck to shoulder is marked by three horizontal and parallel bands, from the lowest fringes are painted over the belly. Comment: The vessel resembles the mugs/juglets published in the previous chapter but is of somewhat larger dimensions.

243. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC25.01.fs08 (Fig.279), diameter at the lowest band circa 22cm, h. 9.5 x 9.9 x 1.0cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow -firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 6/6), no slip. With conical neck and globular body. A set of 8 horizontal and parallel small bands are placed in a panel alternating with a reserved area.

279. No. 243. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC25.01.fs08, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lowest band circa 22cm.

Fine Fringe Style 244.* Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel juglet, AC15.18.fs121 (Fig. 280), diameter at the lowest band circa 20/24m, h. 9.5 x 9.9 x 1.0cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), no slip. With outturned rim and conical neck. Below the rim a frieze with alternating reserved and hatched panels is painted. 280. No. 244. Rim to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC15.18.fs121, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lowest band circa 20/24cm.

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245.* Rim to neck fragment, AC18.15.fs10 (Fig. 281), of a of a closed vessel. Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 14cm h. 3.5 x 5 x 0.6cm. Handmade from a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) Out-curved rim and presumably with conical neck. Decorated with a frieze of which a hatched panel d is in evidence. The rim is decorated with dashes.

. 281. No. 245. Rim to neck fragment of a closed vessel, AC18.15.fs10, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 14cm.

246. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel AC25/25a.05.fs06 (Fig. 282). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 9cm, h. 6 x 11.2 x 0.7cm. Handmade from reddish-yellow-firing clay (Munsell YR 7.5 7/6), with a very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/2). Conical neck with out-turned rim and tapered lip. Decorated with a small shoulder frieze consisting of alternating hatched and reserved panels, from the reserved one a fringe descends, presumably it was bell-shaped or a bundle of fringes. Comment: The vessel resembles the mugs/juglets published in the previous chapter but is of somewhat larger dimensions.

282. No. 246. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC25/25A.05.fs06, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip circa 9cm.

247.* Rim to neck fragment of a closed vessel (presumably (Fig. 283), AC26.17.fs08. No diameter. Preserved measurements 3.6 x 6.8 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Below the rim a frieze consisting of alternating hatched and reserved panels. 283. No. 247. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC26.17.fs08, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, h. 3.6cm.

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With cross-hatched finishing

284. No. 248. Rim to shoulder fragments of a of a closed vessel, AC06.cenere.01+AC19.04.fs103 and AC06.cenere.02, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 10cm.

285. No. 249. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC25.18.fs86, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter 12cm.

248. Two fitting rim to body fragments, AC06.cenere.01+ AC19.04.fs103 and one non-fitting fragment AC.cenere 0.2 of a jug (Fig. 284) of a closed vessel. Diameter at lip circa 10cm, h. 6.5 x 11.2 x 0.5cm. Hand made of a light redfiring clay (Munsell 2.5YR 6/6), exterior slip pinkish grey (Munsell 7.5 YR 6/2). With convex shoulder, conical neck, out-curved rim with tapered lip. Over the transition from rim to neck a single plain line. On the shoulder a fringed frieze, consisting of broad panels of horizontal parallel lines ended on both sides with vertical lines and alternating with reserved areas (presumably). The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles.

249. Neck to body fragment of a of a closed vessel, AC25.02.fs50 (Fig. 285), maximum diameter circa 12cm, h 4.9 x 4.8 x 0.3cm. Made on the fast weel from a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6). With conical neck (presumably) and convex shoulder. A division in panels with a horizontal line painted over the transition from rim to neck attached to the vertical line that descends at one side of the handle zone. Over the transition from shoulder to body a frieze with horizontal lines cross-hatched at the centre. Comment: The vessel resembles the mugs/juglets published in the previous chapter but is of somewhat larger dimensions.

250. Shoulder fragment of a of a closed vessel (presumably), AC16A.18.fs86 (Fig. 286), maximum diameter 12cm, h. 3.5 x 7 x 1.5/0.3CM. Handmade, colour of clay very pale brown (Munsell 10YR7/4), soft abraded surface. Conical shoulder, out-turned lip (broken), globular 131

body (presumably). On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter crosshatched at both ends. From the reserved panels bundles of long fringes are hanging. 286. No. 250. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC16A.18.fs86, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter 12cm.

287. No. 251. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16.18.fs08, maximum diameter 10cm.

251. Neck fragment of a closed vessel, AC16.18.fs08 (Fig. 287), maximum diameter 10cm, h. 5.8 x 6.5 x 0.6/0.4 - 0.4cm. Handmade of reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/6). On the outside smooth, inside brush strokes. Conical neck, the body presumably compressed globular. Over the transition from rim to shoulder a broad horizontal band is painted and an even broader one over the transition from shoulder to belly. In between alternating reserved and hatched panels. On the inside rim a broad band describing a concentric circle.

288. No. 252. Fragment of a closed vessel, fragment found during a survey along the Provincial motorway SP263 near kiln remains, K15, gdiameter at transition from rim to shoulder 14/16cm.

252. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, K30 (Fig. 288). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder, 14/16cm, h. 1.7 x 3.5 x 0.6cm. Handmade of a pale brown-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/4), with very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/3). With out-curved rim (broken) and convex shoulder. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably).

253. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, probably a jug, AC18 (or 10).08.fs12 (Fig. 289). Preserved measurements: maximum diameter circa 16cm, 8 x 9.9 x 1.0/0.6cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), slip pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/2). With convex conical neck and ovoid 132

(presumably) belly. On the transition from neck to shoulder a frieze composed of alternating reserved and hatched panels, from the reserved panels and from the ends of the hatched ones a set of fringes descended. 289. No. 253. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC18.08.fs12, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 26cm.

290. No. 254. Neck to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC18.04.fs73, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at the transition from rim to neck circa 12cm.

254. Neck to body fragment, AC18.04.fs73 (Fig. 290), of a closed vessel. Preserved measurements: diameter at the transition from rim to neck circa 12cm, h. 6.0 x 6.0 x 0.7/0.4cm. Handmade of a very reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/6), slip on the outside pink (Munsell 7.5 7/4). Presumably with conical neck and globular body. Decorated on the transition from neck to shoulder with two horizontal, parallel bands, on the shoulder a frieze, of which a long rectangular hatched panel, cross-hatched at one end is in evidence and occurred probably at the other end too. Comment: The vessel resembles the mugs/juglets published in the previous chapter but is of somewhat larger dimensions.

255. Three shoulder fragments of a closed vessel AC16.12.fs486 (h. 4.8 x 6.1 x 0.4cm) +AC22.04.fs03 (two fragments, 3.9 x 7.8 x 0.4cm). Maximum diameter 20cm (Fig. 291). Hand made of a red-firing clay (Munsell 2.5YR 6/6). AC16.12.fs485. Handmade of a light red-firing clay (Munsell 2.5YR 6/6). On the outside smooth, inside brush strokes. Convex body. The neck was decorated with vertical ondulating bands, the shoulder with a frieze with alternating reserved and hatched trapeziumshaped panels; from the reserved ones fringes.

291. No. 255. Neck to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC16.12.fs486 +AC22.04.fs03 Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 20cm.

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292. No. 256. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, perhaps a jar, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17a.12.fs16, diameter lip 13cm.

256. Rim to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC17A.12.fs16 (Fig. 292). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 13cm, at transition from rim to shoulder 11cm, h. 5 x 7.0 x 0.3cm. Handmade of a reddish-yellow firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/6). On the outside smooth, inside slightly irregular. With strongly out-turned rim and tapered lip, globular body. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, the latter crosshatched at the outer ends. From the reserved panels fringes are painted over the belly. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. The inside of the rim is slightly concave which is taken as an indication that the fragment may belong to a jar with two vertical handles.

257. Rim to body fragments AC24.05.fs20 of a large, conical-necked closed vessel (Fig. 293), presumably a jar, compare Cat. no. 226. Diameter at lip 13cm, preserved height circa 25cm, thickness 0.7cm. Fired to a reddish yellow hue (Munsell 5 YR 6/6) with a pink slip (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Outturned rim with convex lip and slightly convex, conical neck, the body is probably ovoid. Decorated with two small horizontal bands around thetransition from rim to neck and a frieze of long-rectangular hatched panels at the upper shoulder, with fringes hanging from them at regular distances. The panels which presumably cover the A and B sides of the vessel are interrupted by reserved area and from these again bundles of fringes are suspended. The neck is divided in panels by sets of two vertical lines. In these reserved areas sets of four short horizontal lines are in evidence, which by the evidence of pots like Cat. no. 226 - where such motifs are alternating with acquatic birds - may be interpreted as a symbolic rendering of water.

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293. No. 257. Neck to lower body fragments of a large closed vessel (presumably a jar), Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC24.05.fs20, diameter at lip 13cm.

294. No. 258. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, FM113244 (Groningen University number FM.I.701), Scavi Stoop 1963-69, diameter at transition from rim to neck 7cm.

258. Rim to shoulder fragment, Museum inventory number FM113244 (Groningen University number FMI 701), of a closed vessel, probably a globular jar (Fig. 294). Diameter at transition from rim to neck 7cm, height 4.9 x 6.4 x 0.5/0.3 - 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), light brown slip (Munsell 7.5YR 6/4). Outcurving rim and expanding lip, convex shoulder. Underneath the rim a frieze consisting of alternating hatched and reserved panels, the hatched panels are cross-hatched at both ends. From the preserved, reserved panel hangs a bundle of five long fringes. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. Scavi Stoop 1963-69, “Stipe I”, which nowadays is believed to have been part of the South Fill, compare the remarks in Chapter I.

Sloppy Fringe Style

259. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel AC16A.18.fs16 (Fig. 295), maximum diameter 10cm, h. 6.4 x 6.5 x 0.4/0.4 – 0.6cm. Handmade, colour of clay core pink (Munsell 5YR7/4), the outside burnt to a reddish yellow (Munsell 5YR 7/8) to gray (Munsell 5YR 135

295. No. 259. Body fragment of a closed vessel (presumably), Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.18.fs11, maximum diameter 10cm.

296. No. 260. Belly fragment of a closed vessel (presumably), AC16A.09.fs06, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, no diameter.

297. No. 261. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC13.04.fs245, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at the transition from rim to neck 15cm.

6/1). On the outside smooth, inside with rough brush strokes. Convex shoulder. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, from the reserved panel a solid bundle. Comment: The vessel resembles the mugs/juglets published in the previous chapter but is of somewhat larger dimensions.

260. Body fragment of a closed vessel, AC16A.09.fs06 (Fig. 296). Preserved measurements: no diameter, h. 4.8 x 4.9 x 0.6cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, cross-hatched at one end. From the end of the hatched panel a bundle of fringes is painted over the belly.

261. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC13.04.245 (Fig. 297). Diameter at the transition from rim to neck 15cm (irregular), 6.9 x 6.1 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). With convex conical neck and globular body, rim missing. Over the transition from rim to neck a single plain line. The neck is divided in reserved panels by sets of two vertical lines. On the shoulder a frieze, consisting of hatched panels.

262. Body fragment of a closed vessel, AC22A.10.fs08 (Fig. 298), maximum diameter 13cm; h. 6.3 x 7 x 0.5/0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing refined clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), outside smooth, inside slightly irregular. Globular body. Decorated on the shoulder with a frieze of which the lower horizontal band is in evidence, from it a long bundle of 4 fringes. 298. No. 262. Body fragment of a closed vessel, AC22.10.fs08, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 13cm.

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263. Body fragment of a closed vessel, AC22A.11.fs40 (Fig. 299), maximum diameter 17cm; h. 5.5 x 9/0 x 0.7cm. Handmade of a refined, pink- firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), outside smooth inside very irregular. Globular body. Decorated with a frieze of which the lower horizontal bands are in evidence. The considerably broader lower one and the upper two, a broad bundle of fringes pending from the broad one.

299. No. 263. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC22A.11.fs40, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter 17cm.

264. Body fragment, AC22A.11.fs36 (Fig. 300) of a closed vessel. Preserved measurements: maximum diameter ca. 20cm, h. 4.9 x 5 x 0.6cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Outside smooth, the inside surface is very irregular. With globular body. A horizontal line is in evidence over the max diameter from it a bundle of fringes of which the outer two are ending in hooks. 300a. No. 264. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC22A.11.fs36, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 20cm.

300b. No. 265. Body fragment of a of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC25.01.fs08, maximum diameter circa 22cm.

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265. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel (presumably), AC25.01.fs08 (Fig. 300b), maximum diameter circa 22cm, h. 9.5 x 9.9 x 1.0cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). On the outside smooth, inside irregular. With conical neck. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and hatched panels, ending at the handle in vertical bands which result in long fringes descending over the belly. Around the handle root encircling lines.

Banded style 266. Body fragment of a closed vessel, AC16A.22.fs08 (Fig. 301), diameter at transition from neck to shoulder 19cm, h. 10.3 x 7.2 x 0.8/0.7cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), on the outside covered with a slip in the same colour. With conical neck and convex shoulder. The transition rim to neck is covered by two small parallel lines, the one from neck to shoulder is marked by three horizontal and parallel bands, from the lowest three fringes are painted over the belly. Comment: The vessel resembles the mugs/juglets published in the previous chapter but is of much larger dimensions.

301. No. 266. Neck to body fragment of a of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.22.fs08, diameter at transition from neck to shoulder 19cm.

302. No. 267Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC18A.16.fs06, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 15cm.

303. No. 268. Neck to body fragment of a of a closed vessel, AC26.11.fs09, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter neck circa 11cm.

267. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC18A.16.fs421 (Fig. 302), maximum diameter circa 15cm. Preserved measurements 5 x 9.3 x 0.2cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4). With conical neck and globular body (presumably). A set of five horizontal and parallel small bands painted over the transition from neck to shoulder.

268. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, AC26.11.fs09 (Fig. 303), diameter at transition from rim to neck circa 11cm, h. 5.2 x 8.3 x 0.9/0.4cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), which is soft and leaves a residue on the fingers. With slightly convex conical neck and flaring rim which is missing. The body is globular. Decorated with three small horizontal and parallel bands painted around the transition from rim to neck. The transition from neck to shoulder is marked by four horizontal and parallel bands. Comment: The vessel resembles the mugs/juglets published in the previous chapter but is of somewhat larger dimensions.

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‘Lined’ vessels in Fringe Style 269. Many fragments, CE4.5A2.11.fs218, 222, 230, 232,.238, 241-’42, 244, 246-’48, 278 of a jug (Fig. 304). Two fragments of the vessel are secondary burned which resulted in a gray colour with lighter patches. Preserved measurements: diameter at rim 11.7, rim fragment h. 10.9 x 12.4 x 0.6, base diam. 7.5 - handle 3.1 x 0.9cm. Weight 539 g. Clay: refined clay with micaceous and lime inclusions, slipped on the exterior and on the interior rim. Colour: clay from reddish yellow (Munsell 5YR 6/6) to grey (Munsell 5YR 5/1), slip from white (Munsell 10YR 8/2) to very pale brown (Munsell 10YR 8/3), paint very dark greyish brown (Munsell 10YR 3/2). With out-turned rim and convex lip, conical neck and globular body on a slightly raised base. A vertical strap-handle is attached to the rim. On the internal rim decorated with four filled triangles which form a square, on the lip a band. The neck is divided in reserved rectangular areas by vertical bands and horizontal ones painted over the transition from rim to neck and neck to shoulder, on the shoulder a horizontal smaller and a broader band from which sets of bell-shaped fringes are pending. On the handle a set of four horizontal bands. . Quite a number of fragments with old breaks, which indicates that those were recovered in context. The fact that some fragments with old breaks are secondarely burnt and other joining fragments are unburnt is an indication that the pot was broken and its fragments dispersed over separate areas before a fire broke out.

304. No. 269. Rim to base fragments, CE4.5A2.11.fs218, 222, 230, 232,.238, 241-’42, 244, 246-’48, 278 of a jug (presumably), Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at rim 11.7cm.

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305. No. 270. Rim to body fragment, FM646955 of a closed vessel, Scavi Stoop 1963-69, diameter at lowest band circa 20cm.

270. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Stoop 1963-69, Museum of the Sibaritide inventory number FM646955 (Fig. 305). Preserved measurements: diameter at lowest band circa 20cm, h. 12 x 9 x 0.7cm. Clay: refined with calcareous and micaceous inclusions, handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6); on the outside a very pale brown slip (Munsell 10 YR 7/3). Conical neck, out-turned rim and tapered (presumably) lip, globular body. Decorated with a band around the transition from rim to neck. The neck is reserved and decorated with a stylised horse. Over the transition from neck to shoulder three horizontal and parallel bands from the lowest a set of three bell-shaped fringes. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. The decoration of the jug is noteworthy because of the animal motif painted on the reserved neck. Unfortuately the animal is not completely preserved and can be taken to be a stylized rendering of an acquatic bird or a horse. The image compares more closely to the stylized images of horses incised in the reserved centres of a number of 8th- century BC loomweights found in the Weaving House on the acropolis of the Timpone della Motta (e.g. Kleibrink 2006a) and less well with the images of ducks or other waterbirds painted on Oenotrian matt-painted pottery (e.g. Kleibrink 2006a). The fringes added to the lowest band of the bundle of three painted over the transition from neck to shoulder seem to be of the bell-shaped kind. This feature places the jug in the period of the last quarter of the 8th century BC to the first quarter of the 7th centuryBC. Ref. : Yntema 1990, Fig. 304, b.

271. Belly fragment of a closed vessel FM64713 (Fig. 306), Scavi Stoop 1963-69, maximum diameter circa 20cm, preserved measurements: h. 6.5 x 8.0 x 7.5 x 0.6/0.4cm. Made on a potter’s fast wheel of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 8/4) with pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/3). The neck is made separately and joined to the body by hand. With compressed globular belly and conical neck. The neck is divided in compartments by a set of three undulating vertical bands. On the shoulder a 140

306. No. 271. Rim to body fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Stoop 1963-69, FM64713, maximum diameter circa 20cm.

frieze consisting of a broad band with two smaller ones on top. Three bell-shaped fringes descend from the centre of the lowest band. Ref. : Yntema 1985, no. 16; 1990, Fig. 307.

272. Two rim to lower body fragments of a jug or a kantharoid jar, Scavi Stoop 1963-69, Museum of the Sibaritide inventory number FM11850, Groningen University number FMI.847 (Fig. 307). Preserved measurements: diameter at lip circa 9/10cm, (the larger fragment) h. 6 x 6 x 0.25 – 0.3cm; h. 5.5 x 5.0 x 0.3cm. Clay: refined with calcareous inclusions, handmade of a yellow-firing clay (Munsell 10YR 7/6) on the outside a very pale brown slip Munsell 10 YR 7/3). Conical neck, out-turned rim and convex lip, globular body. Decorated with a band just below the lip, the decoration of the vessel lower down is divided into a frontal and a reverse panel, the vertical handles placed in between are not preserved. The panels consist of a reserved neck marked off by sets of horizontal bands over the transition from rim to neck and three over the transition from neck to shoulder. Near the handles the decorations are closed by vertical lines and with ‘moutaches’. From the lowest band two hooks. Scavi Stoop 1963-69 “Stipe I”, which nowadays is considered to have been part of the South Fill, compare the remarks in Chapter I. Because of the pale-firing clay the vessel must be considered to be imported. The place of origin may be Sala Consilina because panels composed of similar horizontal bands are painted on the neck/ shoulder areas of cantharoid jars and jugs found there (Yntema 1990, Fig. 103-105; Late to SubGeometric). A stylistic comparison is the vessel from the former Bern-Getty collection of material from the Timpone della Motta (Kleibrink 2008, Cat. no.III.32).

307. No. 272. Rim to lower body fragments, FM11850 of a jug or kantharoid jar, Scavi Stoop 1963-69, diameter at lipcirca 9/10cm.

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308. No. 273. Fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.09.fs09, diameter at lip circa 4.5cm.

309. No. 274. Fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC23.01.fs08, no diameter.

273. Rim to belly fragment of a closed vesssel, AC16A.09.fs09 (Fig. 308), diameter at neck to shoulder transition circa 4.0cm, h. 6.9 x 5 x 0.4/0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), on the outside smooth, inside rough with brush strokes. With conical, slightly convex neck and flaring rim with convex lip. The belly presumably compressed globular. The transition from rim to neck is marked by two horizontal and parallel plain bands. The reserved neck area is decorated with a reversed w-shaped motif. On the shoulder a frieze with two smaller horizontal plain bands above a third, broader and plain band. From the broad band a reversed wshaped fringe. A stylistic comparison is the vessel from the former Bern-Getty collection of material from the Timpone della Motta (Kleibrink 2008, Cat. no.III.32).

274. Wall fragment of a closed vessel, AC23.01.fs08 (Fig. 309), no diameter. Preserved measurements h. 4.2 x 6.3 x 0.3cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), on the outside smooth, inside rough with brush strokes. Convex wall. The shoulder (presumably) is decorated with a set of three horizontal, parallel bands, the upper two thin and the lowest one somewhat broader. From the latter a reversed W-shaped fringe.

275. Complete mug/juglet, AC05.07.fs15 with a vertical strap handle, complete (Fig. 310). Measurements: diameter lip 6.5 x diam. base 4 x h. 5.5 x 0.2cm (rim). Weight: 118g. Clay: refined with calcareous and micaceous inclusions, handmade of a pinkfiring clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Conical neck, out-turned rim and tapered lip, compressed globular body, slightly raised base,. Decorated with a line around the transition from rim to neck. The neck is divided into reserved areas by vertical, undulating lines. Over the neck to shoulder transition two smaller horizontal bands on top of a broader one are applied and from the 142

latter sets of three bell-shaped fringes pendle over the belly, whereas on each side of the handle a long pointed line (moustache) descends. Horizontal bands are painted over the top of the handle and vertical ones lower down. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. Comment: With respect to its measurements and its provenance, the vessel belongs to the mugs/juglets published in the previous chapter but it has a different kind of decoration.

310. No. 275. Complete mug/juglet, AC05.07.fs15, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at lip 6.5cm.

276. Rim (broken) to shoulder fragment, Museum of the Sibaritide inventory number FM48254, Groningen University number FMI.810 (Fig. 311), of a of a closed vessel, Scavi Stoop 1963-69. Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to neck 4.5/5cm, h. 4.2 x 5.7 x 0.5/0.3cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/8), on the outside a pink wash (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4). Rim missing, globular body. Underneath the rim a frieze consisting of 5 311. No. 276. Neck to body fragment, FM48254 of a of a horizontal and parallel bands from the lowest three closed vessel, Scavi Stoop 1963-69, diameter at transition fringes. From “Stipe I”, which nowadays is from rim to neck circa 4/5cm. considered to have been part of the South Fill, see the remarks in Chapter I. Comment: With respect to its measurements and possibly its provenance, the vessel belongs to the mugs/juglets published in the previous chapter but it has a different kind of decoration.

312. No. 277. Neck to body fragment, of a of a closed vessel, a jug or kantharoid jar, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A2.11.226+228.

277. Wall and vertical strap handle fragment of a of a closed vessel, a jug or cantharoid jar CE4.A2.11.226+228 (Fig. 312). Convex wall. The decoration consisted of a shoulder frieze with hatched panels from which at each side of the handle long fringes (‘moustaches’) descend over the belly. The handle is decorated with vertical lines along both sides which merge into the ‘moustache’ bands and sets of horizontal bands. 143

313. No. 278. Wall fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.11.fs01, diameter 14/16cm.

314. No. 279. Belly fragment of a of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.22.fs157, maximum diameter circa 16cm.

315. No. 280. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed vessel, AC18.15.fs36, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at the lowest band circa 14/16cm.

278. Body fragment of a of a closed vessel, AC16A.11.fs01 (Fig. 313), maximum diameter circa 14/16cm, h. 3.1 x 3.8 x 0.25cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 6/8). Made on a potter’s wheel. Decorated with a broad horizontal band around the maximum diameter with two small bands above and bell shaped fringes below. The fringes are hanging from the curve between the just described broad band and a ‘moustache’ line, which usually is flanking a handle.

279. Belly fragment with the root of a horizontal round handle of a closed vessel, AC16A.22.fs157 (Fig. 314), maximum diameter circa 16cm, h. 8.5 x 10.8 x 0.3cm. Length of handle part 3.5cm; diam. of the total handle2 x 2.5cm, of the one preserved part 1.2cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/8), the surface darkened by excessive firing to light brown (Munsell 7.5YR 6/4). On the outside smooth, inside irregular. With convex belly and horizontal handle made of several strands, which were presumably braided. On both sides of the handle the ends of long fringes enclosed by rounded horizontal bands which start at the handle.

280. Neck to body fragment, AC18.15.fs36 (Fig. 315), of a closed vessel. Preserved measurements: diameter at the lowest band circa 14/16cm, h. 5.0 x 7.5 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), eroded paint. With conical neck and globular body. Decorated with a frieze consisting of a horizontal broad band with two smaller ones on top. Three bell-shaped fringes descend from the lowe band.

281. Neck to belly fragment of a closed vessel AC18.15.fs119 (Fig. 316), diameter circa 14cm. Preserved measurements: h. 5.6 x 7.5 x 0.3cm. Made on a potter’s fast wheel of apink-firing clay 144

(Munsell 7.5YR 8/4), self slip in the same colour. On the outside smooth. With compressed globular belly and conical neck. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of a broad band with two smaller ones on top. Three bell-shaped fringes from the centre of the lowest band. The neck is divided into reserved compartments by a branch-like motif.

316. No. 281. Neck to belly fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC18.15.fs119, maximum diameter circa 14cm.

282. Belly fragment of a of a closed vessel AC22A.11.fs24 (Fig. 317), maximum diameter circa 20cm, preserved measurements: h. 5.2 x 9.2 x 0.7cm. Made on a potter’s fast wheel of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/6), self slip in the same colour. On the outside smooth. With globular body. On the belly a frieze consisting of at least a broader lowest band ending in pointed ‘moustaches’, three bell-shaped fringes are suspended from the centre. 317. No. 282. Belly fragment of a of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC22A.11.fs24, maximum diameter circa 20cm.

283. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel FMI.892 (Fig. 318), Scavi Stoop 1963-68, maximum diameter circa 14cm, preserved measurements: h. 6 x 9.0 x 0.9cm. Made by hand with the coiling technique, coils visible, from a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4) no slip. With globular body. On the shoulder a frieze ending in pointed ‘moustaches’, three bell-shaped fringes are suspended from the centre.

318. No. 283. Belly fragment of a of a closed vessel, Scavi Stoop 1963-69, FMI.892, maximum diameter circa 14cm.

145

319. No. 284.. Body fragment of a of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC.AP01.fs03, maximum diameter circa 30cm.

320. Body fragment of a of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, CE4.A3.14.fs146, no diameter.

284. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel AC.AP01.fs03 (Fig. 319), maximum diameter circa 30cm, preserved measurements: h. 14 x 18 x 0.5cm. Made on a potter’s fast wheel of reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/8). With globular body. The decoration painted over the widest diameter of the vessel consists at least of a broad, horizontal band with two smaller parallel ones on top and a set of three bellshaped fringes suspended from it. Ref.: Kleibrink & Sangineto 1998, 22, Pl. 9.

285. Shoulder fragment of a closed vessel CE4.A3.14.fs146 (Fig. 320), no diameter, preserved measurements: h. 3 x 3.2 x 0.3cm. Burnt. Convex wall. On the belly (presumably) a frieze with bell-shaped fringes.

146

CHAPTER VII VARIA 7.1 Introduction The first two fragments published in this Chapter belong to large bowls decorated in Fringe Style. Another group of fragments belonging to vessels of large dimensions are decorated with small horizontal lines and bundles of fringes painted in equally small lines. The interior surfaces of these fragments are fairly smooth and brushed over, which makes it not easy to decide whether they are from large closed or large open vessels. Perhaps the fragments belong to large askoi. A second set of enigmatic fragments are sherds of smaller vessels, most likely globular, all decorated in a rather wild Fringe Style. At the end of this Chapter three fragments are added which are probably decorated in Crosshatched Bands Style1

285. Rim to base fragment of a bowl AC17.15.fs879 (Fig. 320). Preserved measurements: maximum diameter 22cm. Made by hand of a pink-firing clay and burnished. Flaring rim (broken) and compressed globular body. The shoulder is decorated with alternating reserved and hatched panels (presumably), fringes were painted from the lowest band of the frieze. At the widest diameter dashes are painted forming a semi-circular bow.

320. No. 285. Rim to base fragment of a bowl/cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC17.15.fs879, max. diameter 22cm.

286. Rim to body fragments of a bowl or wide cup, AC18A.15.fs03 +AC18A.25.fs02 (Fig. 321), diameter at lip 10cm. Preserved measurements fragment 15.fs03 = h. 6.0 x 9.2 x 0.3/0.5 – 0.6cm. Handmade of reddish 1

Compare Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2013.

147

yellow firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/6), brush strokes inside. With slightly out-curved rim and globular body. Decorated with a small horizontal band painted around the transition from rim to neck. The shoulder is decorated with a frieze consisting of alternating hatched and reserved panels, from the reserved ones fringes.

321. No. 286. Fragment of a bowl, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC18A.15.fs03+25.fs02, diameter at lip 10cm.



  323. No. 288. Wall fragment of an unidentified vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16.04.fs06, no diameter. 

322. No. 287. Neck to shoulder fragment of an unidentified vessel, AC21.03.fs04, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, h. 2cm.

287. Wall fragment of a unidentified vessel, perhaps a large askos, AC16.04.fs06 (Fig. 322), no diameter, h. 12 x 11.9x 0.4cm. Handmade from a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/4), outside well-smoothed. Presumably conical neck which is widening irregularly towards the shoulder, which is – together with the irregular inner surface - a reason to consider this fragment part of a horizontal jug. Preserved decoration: over the transition from neck to shoulder three small parallel and horizontal lines are painted from which a bundle of four long fringes are hanging. A small part of an oblique band, painted presumably over the body, is preserved at the lower end.  

288. Neck to shoulder fragment of an unidentified vessel, perhaps an askos, AC21.03.fs04 (Fig. 323). Preserved measurements: h. 2.0 x 6 x 0.8cm. Perhaps made on the fast wheel, of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/6), grey core. With conical neck. The transition from neck to shoulder is decorated with a frieze with horizontal and parallel bands, from the lowest bundles of long fringes.

148

289. Wall fragment of a unidentified vessel, perhaps an askos AC23.05.fs04 (Fig. 324), maximum diameter body circa 18cm, preserved measurements 4.3 x 7.0 x 0.8/0.4cm. Handmade of a light red-firing clay (Munsell 2.5YR 7/6) with grey core. On the outside smooth, inside irregular. Conical neck, convex shoulder?. Preserved decoration: over the transition from neck to shoulder three horizontal and parallel bands are painted, these are connected to the rim by three vertical parallel bands. From the horizontal bands a set of three fringes.

324. No. 289. Wall fragment of a closed unidentified vessel, AC25.05.fs04, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 18cm.

- ---- =incised line 325. No. 290. Wall fragment of an unidentified vessel, AC22.01.fs06, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, maximum diameter circa 26cm.

326. No. 291. Wall fragment of an unidentified vessel, AC25A.01.fs02, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, no diameter.

290. Shoulder fragment of an unidentified vessel, AC22.01.fs06 (Fig. 325), maximum diameter circa 26cm. Handmade of a light red-firing clay (Munsell 2.5YR 7/6). On the outside smooth, inside fairly smooth with traces of brushing. Globular body. Preserved decoration: over the transition from neck to shoulder three horizontal and parallel bands are painted, from the lowest a bundle of long fringes.

291. Neck to shoulder fragment of an unidentified vessel, AC25A.01.fs02 (Fig. 326), no diameter, h. 8.8 x 7.0 x 0.4cm. Handmade of reddish yellow clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6). On the outside smooth very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/2), inside irregular. Almost no profile Over the shoulder (presumably) three horizontal and parallel bands are painted, from the lowest band a set of three fringes.

292. Neck to shoulder fragment of an unidentified unidentified vessel, AC25A.01.fs03 (Fig. 327), no diameter, h. 5 x 8.5 x 0.5cm. Handmade of reddish yellow clay (Munsell 5YR 7/6). On the outside smooth very pale brown slip (Munsell 10YR 8/2), inside irregular. Conical neck, convex shoulder. 149

Over the transition from neck to shoulder three horizontal and parallel bands are painted, these are connected to the rim by three vertical parallel bands, From the horizontal bands a set of three fringes.

327. No. 292. Neck to shoulder fragment of a closed unidentified vessel, AC25A.01.fs03, Scavi Kleibrink 19912004, h. 5.0cm.

293. Body (presumably) fragment of a closed vessel, AC16.04.fs09 (Fig. 328), no diameter, no position, h. 4.3 x 5 x 0.5cm. Handmade of a brown-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 5/3). Made on a potter’s wheel.. Decorated with a frieze with crosshatched panels (presumably).

328. No. 293. Wall fragment of a closed vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16.04.fs09, no diameter, no position, h 4.3cm.

294. Shoulder (presumably) fragment of a jar (presumably), AC17.06.fs95 (Fig. 329), maximum diameter circa 23cm, h. 4 x 7.5 x 0.7cm. Handmade of a pink-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 7/3). Made on a potter’s wheel and subsequently brushed. With globular belly. Decorated with two horizontal, parallel bands and a frieze with crosshatched panels (presumably).

329. No. 294. Shoulder fragment of a jar (presumably), Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC24.02.fs148, maximum diameter 23cm.

150

295. Shoulder (presumably) fragment of a jar (presumably), AC24.02.fs14 (Fig. 330), maximum diameter circa 16cm, h. 4 x 4.3 x 0.4cm. Handmade of a weak red firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/8). Smooth on both sides. With globular belly. Decorated with a frieze with crosshatched panels and fringes.

330. No. 295. Wall fragment of an unidentified vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC24.02.fs148, maximum diameter 16cm.

331. No. 296. Wall fragment of an unidentified vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16.12.fs209 no diameter.

296. Fragment of an unidentified vessel, AC16.12.fs209 (Fig. 331), no diameter. Preserved measurements 4.8 x 5.3 x 0.4cm. Handmade of a weak red-firing clay (Munsell 5YR 6/8). Smooth on both sides. Decorated with a frieze with crosshatched panels and fringes.

297. Belly (presumably) fragment of an unidentified vessel, AC24.01.fs08 (Fig. 332), maximum diameter circa 17cm, h. 8.8 x 7.4 x 0.25cm. Handmade of a brown-firing clay (Munsell 5.7YR 5/3). Made on a potter’s wheel and subsequently brushed, outside surface shiny. With globular belly. Decorated with a frieze with crosshatched panels (presumably) from which fringes are hanging over the belly.

332. No. 297. Wall fragment of an unidentified vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC24.01.fs08, maximum diameter 17cm.

151

298. Wall fragment of an unidentified vessel AC24.01.fs08 (Fig. 333), no diameter, h. 8.5 x 3.8 x 0.25cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay (Munsell 7.5YR 6/8). Made on a potter’s wheel. Decorated with a frieze with crosshatched panels (presumably) from which small fringes are painted.

333. No. 298. Wall fragment of an unidentified vessel, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC24.01.fs08, no diameter, h. 8.5cm.

Crosshatched Bands Style

299. Rim to body fragment AC10.01.fs02 (Fig. 334) of a kantharos or cup. Preserved measurements: diameter at lip 12cm, h. 3.7 x 7.5 x 0.4/ 0.2cm. Handmade of reddish yellow firing clay (Munsell 7.5 YR 7/6), polished on the outside. Out-curved rim with convex lip. Over the transition from rim to shoulder a single line, on the shoulder a frieze with alternating cross-hatched and reserved panels, from the reserved areas fringes. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles.

334. No. 299. Rim to body fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC10.01.fs02, diameter at lip 12cm.

300. Rim to body fragment of a cup, AC16.20.fs610 (Fig. 335). Preserved measurements: diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 9cm, h. 4.6 x 6.0 x 0.8/0.5cm. Handmade of a reddish yellow-firing clay, with grey core Out-curved rim with tapered lip. 152

335. No. 300. Rim fragment, AC16.20.fs610, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, diameter at transition from rim to shoulder 9cm.

On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels. The inside of the rim is decorated with filled triangles. On the one hand this fragment may belong to the Cross-hatched Band Style (cf. Kleibrink, Fasanella Masci & Barresi 2013), but the rather loosely attached vertical bars at each side of the reserved square may on the other hand also point to crosshatching at the beginning of hatched panels, see for instance // in which case the cup belongs to the Fringe Style.

301. Rim to body fragment of a cup, AC16A.09.fs38 (Fig. 336), diameter at lip 14cm, h. 4.4 x 7.2 x 1.0/0.3 – 0.4cm. Handmade of a reddish yellowfiring clay (Munsell 5YR 7/8). On the outside smooth, inside uneven but smoothened. With flaring rim and convex lip. On the shoulder a frieze consisting of alternating reserved and cross-hatched panels. From the reserved panels fringes are painted pending over the belly. The inside rim is decorated with filled triangles.

336. No. 301. Rim fragment of a cup, Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004, AC16A.09.fs38, diameter lip 14cm.

153

10,9 6th c. BC votives buried

15 ash and brown soil

21, 22, 23 gravel fill

36-28 votive deposits near post holes M and L 29 sandy fill

AC01

ash layer between the south wall of building V (several phases) and the ‘Muro Schläger

MS2

(from the conglomerate bedrock to the top).

Trench number and context descriptions

29 pithos fragment.

34 pithos fragment.

.

Impasto pottery and textile utensils BA = Bronze Age, gw = grey ware, lab. weight = loom weight decorated with a labyrinth motif; cord weight = loom weight decorated with impressed cords, donut weight = small weight with finger impressions, inc. weight = loom weight decorated with small incised motifs, pl. weight – plain pyramidal or conical loom weight.

10 bronze patera, iron spits.

ubs= undulating bands style; cbs= crosshatched bands style; rb= red and black style; fs = fringe style; ms =miniature style; pbs = plain bands style; mess.= messapian style; te = a tenda style; wt = wide a tenda style.

2-spir.pendant = bronze wire pendant of the type with two spirals, 4-spir. fib.= bronze wire fibula with 4 spirals.

15 fs07 (jug).

25 cbs22 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 132.

cbs05 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 114; cbs08 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no.63; cbs12 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 150. cenere 2 cbs02 (jug), cat. II, no. 24; fs10 (mini cup), cat. III, 112.

‘cenere’ (ash)

Oenotrian Matt-Painted pottery:

Metal objects the scodelle (wide bowls) and the skyphoi (cups) are divided in types. The first types (t.1) have a terminus ante quem of circa 730 BC, of the skyphoi the types 2A and 2B (t. 2) probably also.

Oenotrian-Euboean pottery

.

36, 34 lpc-tr aryballoi, kotylai, lekythos and pyxides.

lg = late geometric epc = early protocorinthian mpc = middle protocorinthian lpc = late protocorinthian tr = transitional to early corinthian.

Corinthian pottery

10 hydriskai, mini vessels.

29 filetti cups, kanthariskos, kalathiskoi, hydriska.

Local pottery in Greek Style

10 faience aryballos.

36 faience spindle.

Faience objects and other East Greek imports

11 thin level with ash layer with many bones 9 gravel with hydriskai and mini pottery 8 conglomerate block

25, 24, 22 yellow soil with votive pottery 20 red soil of cooking place 17 yellow soil with hydriskai (see 9) 15 a gritty red soil, 15b yellow patches

30 brown soil with ash 29 ashy layer with many bones, 29b yellow patch

37 conglomerate 36, 28?, 27, 26 postholes with 35, 34, 29b, 24, 22b, 22b and 20 posthole dedications 32 Weaving House fill, brown soil with reddish gritty patches on conglomerate 31 reddish gritty soil from cooking area

AC2

in gravel layer.

11 4 x BA frags., 1 jar.

15a 1 lab. weight, 2 other weights,

20 2 spindle whorls.

29 2 lab. weights.

32 2 complete lab. weights, impasto jars and pithoi. 31 4 lab. weights, 1 teglia. 30 3 lab. weights, a spindle whorl , teglia, complete jar and pithoi. 29 4-spir. fibula; bone plaque fibula. 28 bone plaque fibula. 23 borchia. 22 2 -spir pendant.

31 iron knife. 30 2-spiral pendants.

32 fs06 (cup), Cat. III, no. 32;

9 bronze scrap.

8 wt02 (closed vessel). 5 cbs01 (askos) , cat. II, no. 201.

11 askos.

15a ubs01 (mug), cat. I, no. 23; ubs15 (w. tenda jar), cat. I, no. 122; ubs05 (w. tenda jar), cat. I, no. 123.

29 ubs27 (mug), cat.I, no. 23; pbs01 (attingitoio); ms02 (mug).

31 pbs20 (scodella); pbs04 (cup); fs06 (fringe st. cup) cat. III, no. 32; pbs29 (con. neck jar).

11 wall frag.

9 tr pyx. lid, frag. of kalathiskos (with AC04.06.2).

15b lpc aryballos.

20b tr aryballos.

24 aryballos.

29b tr pyxis.

10 kanthariskos. 9 4 hydriskai, bowl and pyxis lid.

17 kalathiskos, lekythos, hydriskai.

25 kanthariskos. 24 kanthariskoi. 22 kanthariskos.

AC3 40 conglomerate bedrock 17/22 post hole 15/19 post hole 16/30 post hole 31/32?post hole 33/34 post hole 39 Weaving House fill with sample Gr. A9034 = 2690 +/- 50 BP, calibrated circa 850 BC 38 Weaving House fill, ash mixed with brown soil, mixed with V.c deposit

38 18 donut weights, 14 spindle whorls, compl. mug, mini situla, 1 pithos w. serpent , 1 small jar. 38 3 hairspirals, 2 hairstraps, a bracelet, 5 bronze rings and 2 groups of ear?rings), 2 4-spir. fib. and 2 olive beads.

38 anthropomorph foot, cat. I, no. tc267; tc484 (anthr. foot), cat. I, no. 268; ubs11 (dish), cat. I, no. 255; ubs06 (ciotola) +18A.14, cat. I, no. 65; ubs12-13 (cup), cat. I, no. 52; ubs15 (bowl), cat. I, no. 192; ubs65 (bowl), cat. I, no. 194; ubs300 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 193; ubs458 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 63; ubs479 (jar), cat. I, no. 114; ubs492 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 68; ubs494 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 76; ubs497 (multiple brush), cat. I, no. 151; ubs517 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 217; cbs21? (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 61; cbs18 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 56; cbs14 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 15; cbs 214 (mini vessel), cat. II, no. 45; cbs446-441 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no. 49; cbs61 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no. 66; 8 or 28 38 wall frag., tripod frags 3x, scodella t. 1, 1x scodella t. 2.

11 secondary ash layer covering entire pit

13b secondary ash mixed with brown soil

13a yellow patches

23 assemblage sheep and knife 14a yellow loamy soil mpc/tr 14b secondary ash of Vb and Vc put down over yellow floor before the construction of Ve.

26 assemblage

28 and14” brown ashy layer - north

36’ yellow loamy soil lpc/tr votive assemblage including re-used Thapsos pyxis 36 assemblage 35 red gritty layer 29 mottled gritty layer with yellow patches

37 Weaving House fill with brown soil

13b 3 jars, 4 pithoi, 2 scodelle,

15 =14b 6 lab. weights); 1 cord weight, 10 spindle whorls;

21 con. weight.

36 jar.

4-spir.fib; iron ring, hairstrap; cluster of 5 rings, ring.

14b

29 hairstrap. 27 fib. (ad arco rivestito). 24 scudo fib. 23 knife. 21 br ear? rings. 20 torque.

31 olive bead.

13b wbs01 (bowl), cat. I, no. 241; ubs05 (jug), cat. I, no. 180; pbs77 (jar); pbs78 (jar). 11 ubs237 (ciotola?), cat. I, no. 102;

14b ubs111 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 78; cbs07 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 59; cbs03 (rattle), cat. II, no. 226. fs06 (cup), cat. III, no. 38.

29 cbs113 (closed vessel), cat. \II, no. 117. 28 cbs14 (small vessel), cat. II, no.69. 20 cbs05 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no. 53. 16 fs19 (cup), cat. III, no. 37; rb26 (closed vessel); 224 (closed vessel).

36 cbs39 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 34.

37 ubs05-8 ( deep cup), cat. I, no. 46; ubs115 (jar), cat. I, no. 136; cbs10 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 12; cbs82, closed vessel, cat. II, no. 22; cbs67 (cup), cat. II, no. 32; cbs?125 (closed vessel), cat. II, 25; cbs09 (closed vessel), cat. II, no.119; ms125 (closed vessel).

mess/cbs18 (mini vessel); te40 (closed vessel).

13 b wall frag., crater, skyphos t. 2a, lekane t. 2, oinochoe, skyphos t. 1b, wall frag.

14b scodella t. 1, wall frag.; skyphos 2a, mug (cat. I,no.15).

29 1 scodella t. 1.

13a (epc-tr) epc/ mpc kotyle and tr. alabastron.

14a 2 pyxis lids, alabastron, louterion.

26 aryballos, lid, lekythos, kotyliskos, pyxis. 23 aryballos. 21 cup,

29 mpc lekythos.

33 (mpc –tr) aryballos, lpc/tr kotyle.

36 lg/tr: 3x pyxides, 3x kotylai, lekythos, aryballos.

29 10x kanthariskoi, jar, hydriska and filetti cup. 26 2 hydriskai, 2 kanthariskoi.. 24 hydriska, aryballos. 23 2 kanthariskoi, 1 hydriska, 1 stamnos, 1 closed vessel, 1 filetti cup. 16 kalathiskos. 14a kanthariskos..

35 kanthariskos, compl.

14a f3 scarabs; Horus pendant; Bes pendant; glass whorl.

20 scarab.

26 scarab; cowrie shell; bone bead.

12, 9 disturbed ashy layer

13 cooking stove remains

29 mottled red gritty ‘floor’ and 21 mottled fill with yellow patches. 25, 23, 21,18 ashy fills with yellow floor patches 20 yellow floor patch

AC4 33-30 (loom weight stratum)

13 fornello frags. bowl, diam. rim c. 25cm.

31 base of closed vessel; 1 jar; 1 situla; 10 pithoi; 6 jars; 1 grey ware mg/juglet frags. 31/30 36 loomweights, small and large; 10 spindle whorls. 30 2 x scodella; 15 x fornello frags.; 3 x pithoi, 1 x large wide bowl; 2 x situla; 1 x mug and 1 x jar frags.

12 2 hairstraps.

31 hairspiral. 30 ring and hairspiral.

25 ubs04 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 195. 23 ubs08 (ciotola) + 18.15.88/105!. cat. I, no. 66; 18 ubs05 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 81; wbs01 (lekane), cat. I, Fig. 300. 13 ubs04 (jar/jug); cat. I, no. 157. wbs05 (jug). 12 ubs13 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 61; ubs03 (jar), cat. I, no. 108; ubs51 (bowl), cat. I, no. 239.

31/30 ubs11 (mug), cat. I, no. 36; ubs22 (tenda jar), cat. I, no. 117; cbs61 (cup), cat. II, no. 37; fs117 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 229 pbs141 (deep cup); pbs020 (deep cup).

33 ubs08 (cup), cat. I, no. 39;

ubs529 (ciotola?), cat. I, no. 101; ubs557 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 97; pbs12 (wide bowl); pbs36 (wide bowl); pbs34 (wide bowl); pbs81 (wide bowl); pbs88 (wide bowl); rb105 (jar); rb23 (jar); rb526 (jar); rb526 (small frag.). 10 rb26 (attingitoio). 3 cbs15 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 92.

9 oinochoe.

21 wall frag.; amphora; skyphos 1b, closed vessel. 18 scodella t. 3, lekane t. 2, amphora, wall frag., jar and a closed vessel.

29 skyphos t. 3; scodella t. 2; lekane.

lekane t. 4. 11 2 wall frags.

12 lpc ovoid aryballos; kotyle rim. 9 epc/tr mini pyxis.

20 lpc kotyle.

29 mpc pyxis lid.

30 lpc kotyle.

25 kanthariskos. 20 kanthariskos.

5 gravel pavement courtyard

7 votive group with terracotta pinakes

AC5 22, 20 recently disturbed areas 16 red gritty soil of cooking area Bronze Age 3 level 15, 13, 8 (mixed with Iron Age material), from 8 radiocarbon date Gr A9038 =2680 +/- 50BP, calibrated 894 -802 BC. 11 and 10, yellow floor deposit mixed with ash

7 /5/4 shrubs

10 gw07 (complete cup). fornello frags., jar.

15 jars and jar handles, BA 3 period

16 7 cord impressed weights 2 spindle whorls.

7 hairspiral, 2x br. ring. 6 hairstrap. 5 b01 (duck).

12 bronze ring.

30 iron pin. 17 bronze ring. 16 triangles (closed vessel). 15 ubs26 (jar), cat. I, no. 115; 13 ubs17 (miniat.), cat. I, no. 184; cbs22 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 93; cbs10 (small vessel), cat. II, no. 70. cbs27(closed vessel), cat. II, no. 118. 11, 10 ubs05 (mug), cat. I, no. 22; ubs08 (tenda jar); fs11 (cup), cat. III, no. 78; fs01 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 113; 8 plmini03 (juglet), cat. III, no. 218; 7 ubs16 (jar), cat. I, no. 170. fs160 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 238; fs15 (jug), cat. III, no. 275. 6 fs04(cup), cat. III, no. 45; 5 fs03 (cup), cat. III, no. 44;

7 ubs22 (lekane), cat. I, 245. 5/4 05/04.sect.ubs08 (mug), cat. I, no. 27; cbsR204 (vessel foot), cat. II, no. 3. 1 ubs 01 (cup), cat. I, no. 73. ubs0x (jar), cat. I, no. 133.

9 ubs10 (jug), cat. I, no. 182; ubs18 (bowl), cat. I, no. 196; fs151 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 228;.

5 scodella t. 1.

5 2 tr aryb; 5 lpc/tr pyxis lids; 1mpc/tr oinochoe lid.

7 kyathos, jug.

22 lekythos, kyathos. 20 pyxis.

7 lpc kotyle.

6 4 kanthariskoi.

12 kanthariskos. 11 kanthariskos. 7 grey ware arys,

C6 jar.

9 gw95 (carinated cup). gw closed vessel; imp87 (snail handle frag.).

9

9 ash (It. cenere)

10 jar.

10

11

16

AC6

C3 leech fibula.

cenere C10 tc (human foot), cat. I, no. 270; C9 fs26 (mini cup), cat. III, no.115; plm05 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 220; C6 ubs05 (cup), cat. I, no. 41; C4 ubs04 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 56; plm01 (mug/juglet(, cat. III, no. 219; C3 ubs31 (mug), cat. I, no. 20; ubs06 (mug), cat. I, no. 25. cbs370 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no. 54; cbs00 (askos), cat. II, no. 193; cbs115 (askos), cat. II, no. 220. fs17 (cup), cat. III, no. 82. C2 fs01 (cup), cat. III, no. 40; fs04 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 114; fs01 (jug/jar), cat. III, no.248.. C1 ubs16 (bowl), cat. I, no. 191; fs18 (cup), cat. III, no.39; NN ubs01 (jar), cat. I, no. 166. cbs13 (askos), cat. II, no. 213.

18 plm03( juglet), cat. III, 221. 16 ubs01 (bowl), cat. I, no. .224. 15 ubs26 (wide tenda jar), cat. I, no.115. 11 ubs06 (mug), cat. I, no. 56; cbs07 (complete mug), cat. II, no. 7. 10 ubs08 (w. tenda jar), cat. I, no. 120; cbs01 (askos?), cat. II, no. 209. 7 bs11(mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 207; 5/6 cbs01 (handle), cat. II, no. 239.

NN wall frag.; frags. of two craters.

C3 crater, wall frag.. C2 scodella t. 3.

10 kotyle rim.

7 thin ashy layer

21, 15, 10 yellow floor deposits mc-tr

25

31

AC9 37, 31 thin Weaving House fill

26 iron spear.

31 cbs01or 05 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 57.

31 rings, 2 ear? rings. 28 ear? rings.

7 wt39, 24,71 (closed vessel).

25 cbs01 (cup), cat. II, no. 76.

37 ubs11 (bowl), cat. I, no. 209.

37 serpentine.fib. 21 lpc kotyle; mpc-tr kotyle; tr aryb. 15 2 tr aryballoi, see further Jac. 2010. 383. 15 6 kanthariskoi.

10 disturbed South Fill

33, 20, 18,15

AC10 39 Weaving House fill, perhaps mixed with V.c deposit

10 mug, foot, miniature bowl; miniature scodella, scodella.

15 shield fibula. 12 bronze sword.

39 serpentine fib.

ubs39 (jar fast wheel), cat. I, no. 163; ubs54 (jar), cat. I, no. 165; fs79 (jug/jar), cat. III, 232; 10 section ubs100 (mini), cat. I, no. 186; by- ubs18 (jar), cat. I, no. 154; cbs132 (large vessel), cat. II, no. 5; cbs110 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no. 52;

39 ubs01 (jar, cat. I, no. 112; ubs29/31/46 (tenda jar), cat. I, no. 118; ubs47 (miniat.), cat. I, no. 185; ubs75 (mug), cat. I, no. 9; ubs82 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 210; ubs28 (jug), cat. I, no. 171. wbs09 (scodella), cat. I, no. 231; cbs37 (hollow base), cat. II, 237; cbs49 (juglet), cat. II, no. 44; cbs04 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 116. 33 mess/cbs06 (mini) 20 mess19 (small vesssel) 19 cbs59 (askos), cat. no. II, no. 214. cbs.a1 |(base), cat. II, no. 237; fs50 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 117; 18 ubs02 (bowl) cat. I, no. 203; cbs01 (askos), cat. II, no. 200. fs04 (cup), cat. III, no. 71; fs1056 (cup), cat. III, no. 84; 15 ubs50 (mug), cat. I, no. 37; 04 (mug), cat. I, no. 35. 10 ubs09 (cup), cat. I, no. 47; ubs10.section100 (mini jug), cat. I, no. 186; ubs26 (bowl), cat. I, no. 202; ubs28 (bowl, fast wheel), cat. I, no. 232; 8 wall frag.

15 (conical neck vessel. 13 wall frag.; wall frag.; closed vessel. 10 skyphos t. 3; cat. no. 94; conical neck vessel.

19 closed vessel..

39 scodella, closed vessel, scodella t.1.

10 2 epc pyxides; mpc/tr kalathiskoi, lpc lekythos, 1 tr. kotyle.

24 faience scar.

5 and 4 uprooted stones temenos wall

AC13 15 South Fill

AC12 severely disturbed

15 gw31 (conical neck closed vessel); gw51 (closed vessel); gw231 (rim); gw250 (conical neck jar); gw252 (conical neck vessel; gw267 (conical neck closed vessel); gw401 (conical neck vessel). 27 impasto spindle whorls; 3 piram. weights. 8 hairspiral.

15 bronze duck.

15 ubs282 (cup/bowl), cat. I, no. 62; ubs285 (jug), cat. I, no. 179; cbs385 (attingitoio?), cat. II, no. 91. 12 wt272 (wide tenda closed vessel); 11 rb (closed vessel). 9 fs140 (mini cup), cat. III, no.118; 5 ubs24 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 80. 4 ubs615 (jar), cat. I, no. 106. cbs50 (kantharos), cat. II, no. 89. fs519 (cup), cat. III, no. 107. 2 cbs01, 100, 101 (jar), cat. II, no. 152.

15 ubs01 (bowl), cat. I, no. 229.

cbs05 (cup), cat. II, no. 35; cbs41 (cup/bowl), cat. II, no. 88; cbs15 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 115; fs30 (cup), cat. III, no. 42; ms55 (closed vessel). 8 cbs04 ( closed vessel), cat. II, no. 246; fs10+11 (cup), cat III, 83; 5 fs09 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 116; 3 ubs17 (lekane), cat. I, no. 246. by .ubs18 (jar tornio), cat. I, no. 154.

15 wall frag.

12 skyphos t. 2a.

4 lpc aryballos.

15 lg wire bird kotyle, kyathos; Thapsos skyphos, mpc ovoid aryballos; lpc aryballos. 7 epc bird kotyle, tr. alabastron.

15 2 kanthariskoi.

15 East Greek pottery.

12 disturbed deposit

17, 16 disturbed South Fill- till tr.

18 South Fill

AC16 23 bedrock 20 secondary fill with pithos sherds and South Fill

AC15 23 Weaving House fill mixed with V.c deposit 21, 20 red gritty soil with level sherd layer with yellow patches 18 post hole BX 16 yellow soil 15 secondary deposit 13 post hole 10 shifted deposit of cooking material

17 mug, cup, jar. 16 gw01 (cup); 14 gw69 (mug). 12 gw420 (base frag); gw469 (conical neck jar); gw540 (conical neck vessel);

20 3 conical neck jars, 2 scodelle.

13 gw251 (closed vessel). 11 gw103 (mug).

23 6 fornello frags., 3 loomweights, 1 compl. 21 2 x cord weights. 20 10 x fornello legs, 10x loom w, small incised style.

17 plaquette fibula.

20 borchia, plaquette fibula.

24 spiral pendant; gold leaf.

23 cbs02, mp05 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 174; 20 ubs00 (bowl), cat. I, no. 199; wbs07 (tripod leg) cat. I, no. 264; ubs459/ 522 (mug) cat. I, no. 31; ubs697 (mug) cat. I, no. 8; ubs669 (jar), cat. I, no. 148; ubs680 (jar), cat. I, no. 142; wbs685 (proto-kotyle), cat. I, no. 92; cbs88 (askos), cat. II, no. 205; cbs658, 674-’75 (jar), cat. II, no. 166; cbs687 (cup), cat. II, no. 74; cbs534 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 68; fs463 (mug/juglet(, cat. III, no. 176; ft673 (closed vessel). 18 cbs22 (juglet), cat. II, no. 50; cbs03 (jar), cat. II, no. 99; bs713 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 208; fs08 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 251; wt701, 702 (wide tenda). 17 ubs11 (jug), cat. I, no. 176;

18 ubs103 (mug), cat. I, no. 8; cbs13 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 106. fs121 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 244.

23 cbs85 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 181; fs46(cup), cat. III, no. 46.

17 conical neck vase, jar or crater, cat. no. 268.

20 wbs07 (tripod leg) cat. no. 272; wbs685 (proto-kotyle), cat. no. 92;

10 lekane t. 2.

23 lg type 2 skyphos .

18 5 lpc aryb, further 8 pyxides, 16 pyxis lids, 6 kalathiskoi; 8 lekythoi, 3 bb oinochoai, 1 hydriska, 4 kotylai, 4 skyphoi; 1 bird kotyle, 1 bird oinochoe, 2 bird bowls mpc-tr, a few pieces earlier: Jac. 2010, p. 386.; kotyle frags. 17

22 mpc aryballos, 20 2 Th skyphos frags; 2 mpc ovoid aryballoi, 1 lpc aryballos; m/lpc aryb; 2 lpc aryb; kotylai frags 53x.

13 lpc aryballos 10 epc??

20 bird oinochoe.

23 lg chevron skyphos.

17 7 hydriskai, 3 hydriskai

20 20 kanthariskoi, 11 filetti cups.

11 kanthariskos

15 kanthariskos. 14 kanthariskos

18 kanthariskos.

20 4x faience scarab East Greek pottery.

10 East Greek pottery.

7

8 secondary ash

10 clandestine pit

6 gw120 (rim of jar); 3 gw1028 (conical neck closed vessel). 1 gw01 (small cup).

10 jar, mug, scodella

gw579 (cup). pyxis?; 2 jars, pithos; mug.

ubs13 (bowl), cat. I, no. 200; wbs943 (jar or crater, Mt2007, no. 131), cat. I, no. 268. 16 fs22 (cup), cat. III, no. 85. 12 ubs24+410 (cup), cat. I, no. 43; ubs213 (mug), cat. I, no. 18; ubs451 (jug), cat. I, no. 175; ubs483 (small cup), cat. I, no. 49; ms400 (attingitoio) cbs505 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 128, WITH RED BAND; cbs200 + 202 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 29; cbs53-54, 58-59 (jar), cat. II, no. 152; fs238 (cup), cat. III, no. 47; fs396 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 174; fs518 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 175; fs454 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 179; fs507 (jug/jar?}, cat. III, no. 235; fs486 (jug//jar), cat. III, no.255; ts (closed vessel); wt (closed vessel); wt272 (closed vessel). 11 ms07 (|closed vessel). 10 wbs02 (glob. mug Mt2007, cat. I, no. 16; ubs728 ciotola, cat. I, no. 59. ubs776 (mug), cat. I, no. 189; ms720 (attingitoio); cbs726 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 62; fs770 (jug/jar), cat. III, 240; 8 cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 175a. 7 ubs56 (cup) with 17A.a and 25, cat . I, no. 42; filled triangles34 (small vessel) cbs08 (kantharos), cat. II, no. 90; ubs05 (mug), cat. I, no. 51; ubs19 (jar), cat. I, no. 113; ubs242 (cup), cat. I, no. 51; 2 skyphos 1b.

10 glob. mug, crater, lekane, scodella..

10 mpc aryb, Th skyphos mpc aryb, kotyle silhouette dogs 4x; kotyle frags. 3x;

tr. aryballos. 12 epc wire bird kotyle, 3x Th skyphos; kotyle frags. 12x.

7 kanthariskos with white.

10 15 kanthariskoi; a filetti cups.

10 East Greek pottery.

24, 23 level with pithos sherds

25

27, 26 level of small cobbles

29 a level fill with impasto frags. 29b votive deposit temple V.c

AC16A post holes, 28, 32/30, 33/31, 34

24 1x bowl, 1x base.

29 a 5 spindle whorls; 2 loom weights (conical and common); 23 x jars; 2x pithos, 1 boccale, 1 bowl, 2x scodella; 3 x mug. 29 b ubs156/24 (jar), cat. I, no. 107; ubs609 (cup), cat. I, no. 50. rb181 (cup); ms04 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 160; ms16 (closed vessel); cbs15 (cup?), cat. II, no. 83; cbs 00 (jar), cat. II, no. 177. wt103 (large closed vessel); meander162 (closed vessel); cbs177 (jar), cat. II, no. 154; cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 178 (or context 22); cbs29 (dish), cat. II, no. 228; cbs08 (askos), cat. II, no. 210. fs134 (askos), cat. III, no. 26. fs108 (cup), cat. III, no.51. fs103 (cup), cat. III, no. 52; fs03 (cup), cat. III, no. 92; 27 Te111 (closed vessel); 26 ms32 (closed vessel); cbs05 (closed vessel)’, cat. II, no. 23; fs03(cup), cat. III, no. 50; rb03 (jug); fs12 (askos), cat. III, no. 25.

cbs29 (jar), cat. II, no. 4; cbs04 (cup), cat. II, no. 9; cbs646 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 84; cbs20, 178 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 187; bs (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 2089 rb166 (kantharos). 2 fs257(cup), cat. III, no. 49; fs242 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 119;

18 thap skyphos, mpc aryb.: see further Jac. 2010, 389-392: 9 aryballoi, 12 pyxides, 12 pyxis lids, 2 kalathiskoi, 6 con. lkythoi, 1 hydriska, 7 kotylai, 4 skyphoi, 3

22 mpc oinochoe; /mpc kotyle; mpc aryb, subg kotyle, 2 mpc broad bott oinochoe, m/lpc aryb, lpc aryb .

23 lg/epc oinochoe.

29a 2x lg/epc pyxides, epc kotyle, Th skyphos. 28 Th kotyle.

18 South Fill

22 ‘deposit’ epc/mpc mixed with South Fill

18 7x pithos, 4x jar, 3x bowl, 1x scodella.

1x jar, 1xbase, 1x situla, 1x scodella.

22 3 bowls.

25 cbs02 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 9. 24 ubs18 (jar), cat. I, no. 158; ubs31 (jar), cat. I, no. 107; ubs58 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 69; cbs22 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 247; cbs02 (askos?), cat. II, no. 243; cbs01 (askos?), cat. II, no. 244; fs11 (askos), cat. III, no. 26. fs19 (cup), cat. III, no. 41; fs33 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 193; fs88 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 230; fs08 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 266. st37 (closed vessel); ms14 (small fr); rb (small vessel); wt60 (large closed vessel, partly misfired). 23 ubs10 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 79. rb178 (cup); 22 ubs00 (jar), cat. I, no. 145; ubs02 (jug), cat. I, no. 178; ubs08a (mug), cat. I, no. 8. ubs05 (foot), cat. I, no. 259. rb34 (closed vessel) ms21 (attingitoio); ms05 (attingitoio); cbs129 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 2 cbs102 (cup), cat. II, no. 19; cbs09 (jug), cat. II, no. 60; cbs37, 70 (jug), cat. II, no. 96; cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 149; cbs03 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 151; cbs13 (jar), cat. II, no. 179; cbs18 (handle), cat. II, no. 236; cbs05 (askos), cat. II, no. 223; fs111 (cup), cat. III, no. 89; fs158+183 (cup), cat. III, no. 90; fs163 (cup), cat. III, 91; fs93 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 178; fs16 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 259; fs157 (jug/jar), cat. III, 279; 18 oinochoe.

22 wall frags., stand, crater.

bird bowl, 2 bird oinochoai, 2 dishes, 1 pouring vessel; kotyle silhouette dogs; kotyle frags 10x. 16 mpc oinochoe. 12 mpc aryb. 11 mpc mini pyxis, epc/mpc pyxis lid, m/lpc pyxis lid, lpc/tr pyxis th2/ 9 (thap , Th skyphos, tr kotyle, 9 mpc aryballos, see further Jac. 2010, 38889: epc/tr.: 9 pyxides, 5 pyxis lids, 4 kalathiskoi, 2 con. lekythoi, 2 br. necked oinochoai, 4 kotylai, 1 skyphos, 3 bird bowls, 1 bird oinochoe, 1 kanoun; kotyle silhouette dogs 4x.

8,7 ash layer Weaving House mixed with V.c. deposit

9 South Fill.

8 115 cup

9 2x scodella, jar, mug.

wt171 (large closed vessel); wt44 (jug). 20 cbs07 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 60; rb03 (small frag). 19 ms10 (jar). 18 ubs11, cat. I, no. 10; ubs25 (mug), cat. I, no. 26; cbs24 (small vessel), cat. II, no. 41; cbs20 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no. 51; cbs45 (small vessel), cat. II, no. 64; cbs129 (cup) cat. II, no. 2; cbs14 or 44 (unid. vessel), cat. II, no. 112; cbs223 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 149; cbs45 (unid. vessel), cat. II, no. 64; cbs06 (askos), cat. II, no. 222’; fs84 (cup), cat. III, no. 33; fs15 (cup), cat. III, no. 88; fs02 +05 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 180; bs01 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 210; bs35 (mug/juglet), cat. III, 211; bs03 (closed vessel); (very) late tenda76 (closed vessel); bs06 (closed vessel bs29 (closed vessel) fs86 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 250; ms85 (small vessel); wt90 (closed vessel) 14/13 ubs18 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 69. fs59 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 241; 12 fs485 (closed vessel). 11 ubs06 (bowl), cat. I, no. 201. ubs25 (jar), cat. I, no. 138; cbs22 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 122; cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 149; fs01 (cup), cat. III, no. 87; ms22 (jar); 5 pyxis.

8 2x lekane t. 2.

15 South Fill

17 pebble floor

18 sandy fill

19b

AC17 postholes, 20/21, 22/23, 24/25, 27/28

15 gw02 (conical neck vessel); gw10 (wall frag.); gw44 (open vessel, cup?). 15 4x jar, pithos, 2x scodella, 1x teglia, 1x bowl, 1x mug.

19b gw68 (closed vessel); gw89 (conical neck closed vessel); gw119 (closed vessel); 2x jar, 1 mug. 18 jar, 3x scodella, 17 4x jar, mug, mini scodella, 2x bowl. 19b ubs88 (jug), cat. I, no. 168; cbs93 (cup), cat. II, 28; cbs85, 68, 97 (jug), cat. II, no. 95; cbs140 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 133; cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 149; cbs73 (base?), cat. II, no. 233; fs78 (cup), cat. III, no. 53; fs61(cup), cat.III, no. 55; fs92 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 197. 18 ubs12, amphora, cat. I, no. 164; wbs07/04 (bowl), cat. I, no. 235; mess09 (small vessel); ms07 (closed vessel); cbs24 (jar), cat. II, no. 95; cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 149; ms09 (closed vessel); 15 ubs26 (bowl), cat. I, no. 228; ubs42 (mug), cat. I, no. 10; ubs49 (wheel bowl), cat. I, no. 233; ubs229 (jar), cat. I, no. 140; wbs330 (scodella t. 1), cat. I, no.

fs01 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 278. A11 ubs26 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 69. 10 rb102 (deinos). 9 ubs21/22 (jar), cat. I, no. 106; fs06 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 260; fs09 \|(jug/jar), cat. III, no. 273. 8 fs06 (cup), cat. no. 86; fs04 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 120; 2 cbs111 (askos), cat. II, no. 188. 1 cbs 272 (askos), cat. II, no. 202.

15 wall frag., scodella t. 1.

18 skyphos lg, scodella. 17 krater, ‘Cesnola’ stand, scodella t. 1. 15 Jacobsen 2010, 392 s.: 1 aryballos, 3 pyxides, 7 pyxis lids, 1 pyxis , kalathos, 1 kalathiskos, I lekythos, 1 oinochoe, 5 kotylai, 1 skyphos, 2 louteria, 1 krater (mpc/tr. a few pieces earlier).

19b epc? kotyle, tr lekythos, mpc pyxis.

14 gw69 (mug).

330. ubs671 (jar), cat. I, no. 153; ubs685 (bowl), cat. I, no. 214; ubs716 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 206; ubs742 (bowl), cat. I, no. 190; ubs854 (cup), cat. I, no. 48; ubs855 (ciotola), ubs923+ (ciotola), cat. I, no. 75; ubs819 (jar), cat. I, no. 113; ubs822 (jug), cat.I, no. 175; ubs928 (jar), cat. I, no. 127; rb311 (bowl); mess03 (small vessel); ms870 (closed vessel); cbs765 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 16; cbs724 (cup), cat. II, no. 71; cbs689 (cup), cat. II, no. 20; cbs859 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 129; cbs310 (closed vessel), cat. II, 145; cbs303 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 125; cbs858 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 102; cbs853 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 136; cbs860 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 127; cbs 882 (cup), cat. II, no. 28; cbs826 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 126; cbs69 |(closed vessel), cat. II, no. 185; cbs820 (askos?), cat. II, no. 242; wt970 (closed vessel); wt950 (closed vessel) fs63 (small cup); fs65 (cup), cat. III, no.34; fs653 (cup), cat. III, no.48; fs14 (cup), cat. III, no. 94; fs216 (mini cup), cat. III, no.121; fs63 (mini cuup), cat. III, no. 122; fs668 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 123; fs864 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 180; 14 ubs70 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 64; ubs48 (jar), cat. I, no. 146; 2 tripod leg.

4 krater.

14 skyphos. 6 m/lg proto-kotyle, Aetos 666.

14 ash with yellow spots

16, 15 South Fill

24 pebble floor, Weaving House 19 21 and 18 disturbed – mixed with South Fill - Weaving House floor level

AC17A post holes 22/23 26/27, 28/29, 30/31 no votives around them? or ctx 19 (not yet found)

16 mini jar, i03 raised base, i13 closed vessel, 2x scodella, dish, mug.

21 pithos i02 bowl, i03 pithos, i26 pithos, i24 pithos.

13

14 rb10 (closed vessel); mess06 (small vessel); ms01 (closed vessel).

21 ubs37 (mug), cat. I, no. 29; ms56 (closed vessel); ms109 (closed vessel) ; cbs05 (kantharos), cat. II, no. 89; cbs135 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 141; cbs13 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 108; wt29 (large closed vessel); wt107 (closed vessel). 19 cbs01 (jar), cat. II, no.141.

24

ubs29 (bowl), cat. I, no. 205; mess/cbs12 (closed vessel)* 6 ubs87/88 (bowl), cat. I, no. 204; cbs33 (closed vessel) loz., cat. II, no. 169; 4 ubs48 (lekane), cat. I, no. 249; ubs57 (wide bowl) cat. I, no 238; ubs58 (jar), cat. I, no. 132; cbs22 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 102; 2 wbs31 (tripod leg), cat. I, no. 265. 1 wbs00 (lekane), cat. I, no. 252.

24 wall frag.

16 lpc aryballos, 2x tr aryballos, lpc/tr pyxis, epc kot. pyxis, mpc pyxis lid, 3 pyxis, pyxis lid; mpc con. lekythos, kalathiskos 3x, mpc bb oinochoe . 15 tr. aryb., mpc/tr pyxis lid, kalathiskos, kotyle silhouette dogs. 13 mpc pyxis lid, m/lpc

21 (pyxis lid knob, tr05 oinochoe, 2x bird bowl , kotyle frags. 18 kotyle.

16 kalathiskos.

17 bird oinochoe .

21 kanthariskos.

18, 17 Weaving House

AC18

8, 7 South Fill

13, 11 compact grey soil

12 clandestini hole

13

12 i01 jar, i02 bowl, i09 scodella i10 scodella, i22 jar, i128 pithos, i323 pithos, gw34 cup, i352 pithos, i447 pithos i448 bowl. 510 bowl 211 pithos Nn01 jar

fs05 (cup), cat. III, no.54; fs11 (cup), cat. III, no. 79; fs370 (mug/juglet), cat. III, 181; 18 ubs60 (mug).

7 ubs01 (cup), cat. I, no. 99; 4 Te100 (closed vessel); cbs21 (askos), cat. II, no. 206. 3 ubs336/337 (jug), cat. I, no.187; 1 ubs161 (mug), cat. I, no. 33; ubs366 (miniature jug), cat. I, no. 187. cbs202 (cup), cat. II, no. 75. 01A ubs44 (cup), cat. I, no. 38; ubs182 (jug), cat. I, no. I, 174; ubs333 (jug), cat. I, no. 172.

12 ubs5 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 69; ubs99 (lekane), cat. I, no. 250; rb18 (closed vessel); ms71 (small vessel); cbs341 (cup), cat. II, no. 71; cbs07 (cup), cat. II, no. 73; cbs05, 13 (attingitoio), cat.. II, no. 80; cbs303 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 89; cbs313 (kantharos), cat. II, no. 89; fs12 (cup), cat. III, no.95; fs16 (cup), cat. III, no.96; fs16 (jug/jar), cat. no. 256; wt (large closed vessel); cbs01 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 20.

cbs194 (bowl), cat. II, no. 6. cbs03 (jar), cat. II, no. 141b. fs15(cup), cat. III, no.56;

8 wall frag.

12 scodella t. 1, black cup.

8 kalathiskos, tr aryb., lpc/tr pyxis, con. lek., lekythos, kotyle silhouette dogs. 7 mpc aryb., lpc pyxis, 2x kalathiskos, bb oinochoe, kotylai silhouette dogs 2x.

pyxis, lpc pyxis, 3x kalathiskoi, m/lpc03 bb oinochoe. bird oinochoe, kotyle silhouette dogs, 2x. 12 pyxis, pyxis lid, lpc/tr pyxis, 2x kalathiskoi, 2x kotylai, bird bowl , bird oinochoe, kotyle silhouette dogs 2x; kotyle frag. 3x. 9 kalathiskos.

15 Weaving House deposit

deposit.

15 gw11 (small cup); gw28 (closed vessel); gw72 (conical neck jar); gw74 (conical neck jar); gw102 (base frag.); gw149 (base frag); gw162 (conical neck jar); gw170 (conical neck jar); gw258 (wall frag.); gw364 (conical neck jar); b102 (black burn. With cupelle); bowl, 4x mug, jar 7x, pithoi, 3x cup, 3x scodella, 2x unident; i234 bowl, i231 jar, i378 jar.

17 1458 (jar); I2504 (deep bowl).

17 ubs00 (mug), cat. I, no. 4; ubs112 (mug), cat. I, no. 5; ubsp1 (lekane), cat. I, no. 243; ubs07 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 197; ubs11 (deep bowl), cat. I, no. 57; ubs14 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 198; ubs18 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 221; ubs23 (lekane), cat. I, no. 242; cbs 13 (mini vessel), cat. II, no. 46; wbs80 (lekane), cat. I, no. 247; ubs112 (mug), cat. I, no. 5; cbs51 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 128; cbs15 (juglet/mug), cat. II, no. 50; cbs21 (askos), cat. II, no. 212. undef. 100 (closed vessel); te09 (closed vessel); te?09 (closed vessel). 15 cbs/oe104, 124 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 173; cbs108 (closed vessel), cat. II, 94; cbs 12 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no. 43; cbs 02-3, 28, 44. 66. 102, 114, 124’5, jar), cat. II, no. 166; tc01 (human foot), cat. /I, no. 269;; ubs03 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 55; ubs13 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 225; ubs43 (w. tenda jar), cat. I, no. 116; ubs58 (‘bichrome’ jug), cat. I, no. 181; ubs78 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 74; ubs82 (mug), cat. I, no. 1; ubs88 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 66; ubs143 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 83; ubs201 (lekane), cat. I, no. 248; ubs220 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 213; ubs313 (cup), cat. I, no. 53; ubs// (w. tenda jar), cat. I, no. 116; cbs46 (attingitoio), cat. II, 13; cbs30 (wide bowl), cat. II, no.18; cbs63 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 104; cbs19, 107, 123 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 144; cbs108 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 94; cbs13 (mug/juglet), cat. II, 47; 15 skyphos t. 2a, scodella Fig. 286b; 2x skyphos t. 2, , skyphos t. 3, scodella t. 2 , 124 (closed vessel).

17 skyphos t. 3, skyphos t. 2A, wall frag., stand, scodella t. 1, wall frag.

17 pyxis.

20 fill of post hole

AC18A

8 post hole Vb 6 yellow layer 5 ash layer buildings Vb, Vc 4 ash layer buildings Vb, Vc 1 fill

9 cenere/ Weaving Hhouse deposit

10 lower yellow layer

13 Weaving House deposit

13 4x lab. weight, 8x small weight, 8x conical weight. 10 2x bowl. 9 mug. 8 lab. weight.

16 Fs07 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 124;

20 cbs112 (jar), cat. II, no. 98.

cbs111+176 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 179; cbs114 (askos ?), cat. II, no. 216; cbs328 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 248; fs119 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 281; ms (small fragment); wt48 (closed vessel); ms122 (closed vessel); te?77 (closed vessel). 5 cbs25 (askos), cat. II, no. 207. 4 cbs05 (askos), cat. II, no. 204. ubs98 (w. tenda jar) cat. I, no. 124; ubs 167/209 (jar), cat. I, no. 149; ubs00 (wide bowl), cat. I, no. 240; bs86 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 212; fs73 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 254; 1 Sal03 (cup), cat. II, no. 41. 10 skyphos; scodella t. 2, stand. 9 skyphos t. 1a. 8 skyphos t. 2a, crater, scodella t. 1, scodella t. 3. 5 crater. 4 wall frag., scodella t. 1, crater 2x.

13 skyphos lg.

17 lpc aryballos.

6 tr. alabastron, lpc aryballos.

8 epc1 (handle).

10 mpc kotyle.

13 lg/epc kotyle.

12 ashy layer

14 ashy layer

15 ashy layer

16

14 jar complete; lab. loom weight frags. spindle whorls.

15 i03 pithos, i05 pithos, i06 base, i101 mug, i10 pithos, i34 pithos.

1A ubs17 (jar), cat. I, no. 126.

2 ubs05 (wide cup), cat. I, no. 55; cbs05(jar/’), cat. II, no. 144’; wbs101 (wide bowl) , cat. I, no. 236, 137;

7 cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. I, no. 149; wt221 (closed vessel)

lt114 (closed vessel); wt121 (closed vessel); te?103 (closed vessel). fs421 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 267. 15 wbs55 (jar, fast wheel), cat. I, no. 159; ubs06 (large hollow foot). +22A.15.06, cat. I, no. 262; cbs26 (askos), cat. II, no. 219; mess11 (small vessel); ms21 (attingitoio). fs06 (mini cup), cat. (=AC18) III, no. 124; fs12 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 203; fs10 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 245; bs06 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 213; 14 ubs20 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 65; ubs26 (jar), cat. I, no. 106; cbs11 (cup), cat. II, no. 72; cbs01 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 79; cbs 7, 13 (jar), cat. II, no.100; cbs10 (jar), cat. II, no. 110. Fs03+05 (bowl?), cat. III, 286. 12 ubs03/04 (jar, tornio), cat. I, no. 152. ubs291 (jar), cat. I, no. 113; rb (closed vessel); ms16 (closed vessel).

2 scodella t. 1.

4 wall frag.

7 scodella t. 1, lekane t. 3.

11 scodella t. 3.

12 skyphos t. 3, cat. no. 92.

10, 4. 3 secondary ash layer

13 yellow layer

AC21

AC20 secondary dump of ash with in the upper layer small intrusive pits

secondary dump of altar ash with in the upper layer small intrusive pits

AC19

3 i94 jar, i99 pithos, i111 pithos, i110pithos, i14 pithos i34 pithos.

3 i15 jar, i31 pithos, i38 pithos, i45 pithos, i46 pithos /jar, i47 bowl/cup, i58 pithos.

4 jar and pithos.

13 i42 bowl, i44 jar, i55 jar, i63 jar. 9 scodella, jar, i05 jar, i12jar, i26 bowl/cup. 5 bowl, i32 jar

10 ubs08 (dish), cat. I, no. 253; t06 (cup); fs01 (askos), cat. III, no. 28;

13 cbs00(jar), cat. II, no. 99.

14 bs01 (mug/juglet), cat. III, 215; 4 ubs94 (jar), cat. I, no. 135; wr (closed vessel). 3 cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no .65; 1 ubs07 (jar), cat.no.134; ubs19 (lekane), cat.I, no. 254.

17 ubs36 (deep bowl), cat. I, no. 82; 14 Bs13 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 214; 11 cbs?08 (closed vessel), cat. II, no.27. 9 wt10 (closed vessel). 7 wbs36 (bowl), cat. I, no. 82; 5 wbs07 (bowl), cat. I, no. 236; 4 ubs76 (jar), cat. I, no. 128; cbs98 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 184; cbs10 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 148; 3 ubs13 (bowl), cat. I, no. 207. 1 ubs24 (bowl), cat. I, no. 208.

03 wall frag., wall frag.,

10 crater.

11 black cup.

13 dish; skyphos.

? krater

5 skyphos, scodella. 4 skyphos, stand, krater.

13 mpc ovoid aryballos.

3 tr. aryballos.

15/11 Votive Deposit Temple Vc

AC22A

AC22 8 disturbed fill 4 same context as 22A.111 and 10, levelling Temple V.c.

11b I100 (Col. 2012, no. 246 I16 (Col. 2012, no. 147

15 ubs99 ); ubs06 (large hollow foot+18A.15), cat. I, no. 262; mess20 (small vessel); ms11 (closed vessel);

8 cbs154 (askos). 4 mess36 (closed vessel); cbs55 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no. 55; cbs02 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 158; cbs 03, 163 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 100; cbs05 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 123; cbs10 (closed vessel), cat. II, 161; cbs78 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 179; fs03 (closed vessel); fs24 (closed vessel); fs03 (cup), cat. III, no. 97; fs20 (cup), cat. III, no. 58. fs09 (cup), cat. III, no. 66; fs08 (cup), cat. III, no. 80. fs 3 ms99 (cup). 1 fs04(cup), cat. III, no.36;

4 cbs61 (closed vessel) , cat. II, no. 175; fs06 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 193. 3 ubsxx (mug), cat. I, no. 32; cbs18 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 183; ms84 (closed vessel);

Fs04(cup), cat. III, no.57; 7 cbs00 (jar), cat. II, no.152. fs12 (cup), cat. III, no. 35;

15/11 lg skyphos type 2, jar.

krater , krater, amphora, scodella, scodella.

15 lg/epc kyathos, lg/epc pyxis. 15/11 lg/epc kyathos, lg/epc

6 secondary deposit of

AC23 16 8 post hole fill

I09 Col. 2012, no. 248 I07 (Col. 2012, no. 249 I02 (Col 250 I05 Col 251 I20Col 252 I03Col 253 I04Col 254 I 03bCol 255 I18 Col 256 I88Col 257 I01Col 258 I21 Col 259 15 I04Col 260 I05 Col261 I20Col 262 I06 Col263 I07Col 264 I03Col 265 I02Col 266 I28Col 267 I09Col 268 I30Col 269

16 cbs04 (wide bowl), cat. II, no. 17. 11 fs03 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 127. 6 mess25 (jug); cbs05, cat. II, no. 2;

cbs/oe32 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 167; ms01 (small frag.). cbs 32 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 173; 14 ubs08/09/010/011 (jar), cat. I, no. 109; cbs19 (closed vessel), cat. II, 137; ms03 (cup?). 11 ubs04 (globular jar), cat. I, no. 111; ubs06 (vessel foot), cat. I, no. 262; cbs03 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 30; cbs04 (juglet), cat. II. no. 31; cbs04* (cup), cat. II, no. 143; cbs09, 11, 12, 16 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 142; cbs66 (jar), cat. II, no. 97; cbs04, 44 |(jar), cat. II, no. 167; cbs00 (jar), cat. II, no. 177; fs22(cup), cat. III, no. 59; fs01+09, cat. III, no.66; fs40 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 263; fs36 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 264; fs24 (jug/jar), cat. III, 282; 10 fs13b (cup), cat. III, no.60; fs09 (cup), cat. III, no.61; fs13b (cup), cat.III, no.62; fs22(cup), cat. III, no.64; fs39+ 04 (cup), cat. III, no.65; fs27 (cup), cat. III, no. 97; fs44 (mug//juglet), cat. III, no. 184; fs6a (mug/jug), cat. III, no. 224; fs08 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 262; 4 ms01 (closed vessel\) ms18 (closed vessel).

6 wall frag.

8 hydriska.

6 glob. mug.

pyxis.

15 cbs44 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 103. 10 ubs08 (jar), cat. I, no. 103; cbs01 (jar), cat. II, no. 140; fs05 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 188 (=AC25A); ms04 (closed vessel); 6 cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 149. 5 ms08 (closed vessel); fs20 (jug/jar), cat. III, 257.. 2 cbs12 (unid. vessel), cat. II, no. 113; . 25? 18

AC24

AC25/ 25A

5, 4 secondary fills

cbs51 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 153; st (closed vessel); ms77 (cup) 5 ubs03 (cup), cat. I, no. 45; cbs08 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 134. cbs01 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 156. Fs21 (cup), cat. III, no. 100; 4 ubs04 ( ), cat. I, no. 113; ubs4,5,9 (cup), cat. I, no. 44; ubs30 (jar), cat. I, no. ; ubs80 (tenda jar), cat. I, no. 125; cbs/sal04 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 39; cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 149. 2,1 ubs 37, 38 (jar), cat. I, no. 121. cbs01 (closed vessel), cat. II, no.4; fs03 (cup), cat. III, no. 98; fs18 (cup), cat. III, no. 99; fs08 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 126;

pithos fragments

5 olla.

1 bowl?

7 kotyle silhouette dogs.

9 etc. disturbed (by clandestine digging) South Fill

15/11 South Fill

17

18 late 8th-c. BC deposit

4 mess85 (small vessel). 3 cbs09 (cup), cat. II, no. 36; wbs21 (w.tenda), cat. I, no. 119; ms19 (closed vessel); ms11 (closed vessel). 2 ubs105 (mug), cat. I, no. 21; ubs60 (jar), cat. I, no. 105. cbs06 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 105; cbs76 (juglet/mug), cat. II, no. 48; cbs00 (askos), cat. II, no. 203. fs46 (cup), cat. III, no. 102; fs04 (cup), cat. III, no. 103; 1 cbs01 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no. 67; cbs57 (closed vessel), cat. II, no.

9 rb00 (closed vessel). 7 ubs05 (ciotola), cat. I, no. 67; ms18 (closed vessel). cbs88 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no. 48. cbs83 (cup?), cat. II, no.85. cbs81 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 111. 6 cbs01a |(cup), cat. II, no. 78; 5 cbs55 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 101; rb09 (closed vessel); fs06 (jug/jar), cat. III, 246.

17 cbs13a (cup), cat. II, no. 77; cbs13b (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 120. 15/11 ubs08 (bowl), cat. I, no. 226; bs (closed vessel); cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 146; cbs02, 05 (closed vessel, loz.), cat. II, no. 170.

1 mug.

7 mpc aryballos. kotyle silhouette dogs.

15. mpc kyathos, mpc aryballos, aryballos.

18 lg/epc kyathos.

AC26/26A disturbed (by clandestine digging) South Fill 20 ubs05 (jar), cat. I, no. 103; cbs15 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 131; ms05 (cup). 18 ms01 (wide bowl); ms55 (closed vessel); cbs02 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 11 Bs09 (juglet), cat. III, no. 268. 10; cbs08 (askos), cat. II, no. 191; cbs22 (cup), cat. II, no. 81; fs04 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 129; fs08 |(mini cup), cat. III, no. 130; bs55 (closed vessel); ms89 (closed vessel). 17 ms06 (closed vessel); ms13 (closed vessel); cbs10 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 245. cbs05 (handle), cat. II, no. 240; cbs88 (dish), cat. II, no. 230. fs08 (jug/jar), cat. III, no. 247. 13 ms18(closed vessel); cbs04 (jug), cat. II, no. 8; 11 ubs27 (jar/jug), cat. I, no. 162; cbs22 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 81; cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 169; bs04 (closed vessel); bs15 (cup); t14 (closed vessel) 8

121; cbs20 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 130; cbs99 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 135; fs44 (attingitoio). fs07 (cup), cat. III, no. 101; fs94 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 128;

6 scodella, glob. mug.

11 lekane.

11 lg/epc kyathos, lg/epc thap skyphos.

AC27 disturbed (by clandestine digging) South Fill 8 rb00(closed vessel); cbs88 (jug), cat. II, no. 8; cbs15 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 107; cbs00 ‘(closed vessel), cat. II, no. 149; cbs10 |(dish), cat. II, no. 229; wt27 (closed vessel); wt56 (closed vessel) 7 wbs02 (cup), cat. I, no. 14; fs14 (cup), cat. III, no.106; wt55 (closed vessel); bs41 (closed vessel). 6,5 ubs100 (mug), cat. I, no. 30; ubs09 (miniat.), cat. I, no. 188; mess09 (small vessel). fs06 (cup), Cat. III, 105; w3 cbs00 (closed vessel), cat. II, 168. 2 cbs01 (mug/juglet), cat. II, no.9. 1 ubs155 (jar), cat. I, no. 156; ubs12 (jar), cat. I, no. 160; cbs66 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 124; cbs44 (cup), cat. II, no. 11.

11 fs05 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 131; fs48 (mini cup), cat. III, no. 132; wt24 (closed vessel); wt (closed vessel).

cbs14 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 14. 7 ubs15 (lekane), cat. I, no. 251; 3,2 cbs08 (vessel) cat. II, no . 139. Fs15 (cup), cat. III, no. 104;

1 tripod leg.

7 cup.

8 lpc aryballos.

cbs.00 (attingitoio), cat. II, no. 82.

fs01 (jug/jar?), cat. III, no. 236.

AC1155

AC2003

AC2715, yellow layer

fs01 (cup), cat. III, no.31.

glob. mug.

wbs01 (bowl), cat. no. 232; wbs01 (scodella), cat. I, no. 234.

AC2292 courtyard conglom.

AC2639

cbs (krater), cat. II, no. 231.

ubs 01(mug), cat. no. 22.

AC2052, cenere

conical neck jar.

tripod leg.

wbs01 (skyphos), cat. no. 85.

Oenotrian-Euboean pottery

AC2057

cbs? (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 26. fs06(cup), cat. III, 43.

fs01 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 189;

AC2051, cenere

AC2047, cenere

Ac2022

AC2015, cenere

AC2009, cenere

cbs03 (cup), cat. II, no. 33.

cbs/sal12-13 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 38. fs08 (cup), cat. III, no. 81.

AC1002

AC2008

Oenotrian matt-painted Pottery

Courtyard

fsaskos, cat. III. No. 24

cbs02 (jar), cat. II, no. 144.

AC2756

AC2760, conglomerate rock

fs02(mug/juglet), cat. III, no.190.

ubs01 (jar), cat. I, no. 141.

fs01 (mug/juglet), cat. III, no. 191;

fs01 (cup), cat. III, no. 29. fs02 (cup), cat. III, no. 30.

ubs029 (dish), cat. I, no. 256. cbs03(closed vessel), cat. II, 249. fs11 (complete cup), cat. III, no. 67.

wbs02 (wide bowl) cat. I, no. 233.

ubs00 (jar), cat. I, no. 139.

fs01 (mini cup), Cat. III, no. 109.

fs15 (mini cup), Cat. III, no.110

fs01(cup), cat. III, no.70.

fs02 (jug/jar?|), cat. III, no. 233.

ubs01 (jar), cat. I, no. 147;

AC2803

AC2805

AC2806

AC2811

AC2812, cenere

AC2813 fill with grey soil

AC2814

AC2822

AC2850

AC2895

AC2775

AC(=AP)

AC2777, cenere

fs00 (cup), cat. III, 69

AC2717

wbs0 skyphos, closed vessel .

skyphos lg.

Fs01 (cup), cat. III, no.77;

AC4006

1

Cf. Kleibrink 2006; Jacobsen e.a.2008/09; Jacobsen e.a. 2010.

Table with excavated units of the Scavi Kleibrink 1991-2004 on the acropolis of the Timpone della Motta, with catalogue numbers of the UBS fragments, together with the more important contexts (Italics) with dated finds.1

ubs10 (flaring foot), cat. I, no. ; cbs04 (closed vessel), cat. II, no. 26.

2051

BIBLIOGRAPHY Andaloro et al. 2011:

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