196 76 5MB
English Pages 66 [68] Year 2019
Columbia University DEPARTMENT OF SLAVIC LANGUAGES SLAVIC STUDIES Russian language Series
READINGS IN RUSSIAN HISTORY Materials for Intermediate Russian Language Courses
Leon Stilman
NEW YORK
Sixth Printing 1954
1. TEPPHTOPHh COBÉTCKOrO C0¿3A. T¿KuITORI DF Th¿ bGVI^T. UNION COJO3
1.
PecnyóJiHic
C0QHa.VHCXK1I6CKHX
COB^TCKHX
-
OCCP
-
cáwaa ÓOJTBMÁFL cxpaH¿ B impe, Orpoirnaa xeppnxopHH Ooroaa n o / ' ' T ' I KpHBaex DO.ibmyv nacxb AByx K O H T H H Q H T O B , E s p o r a H A3HH. CeBepnaH rpaHHua COBexoicoro Gonsa - 6¿per JleaoBHioro OKeaaa. 5. A Ha
JOT©
' 6.
cxpaHH KJiHMax xaicoft X E I L M S , i #
BHHorpa«;
H
B
/
pacTyT /
XJIOÜOK »
Mecxax xaK xenjio, *rxo woryx pacxn
H©KOXOOHX
ANEJTBCHHH H JIHMÓHH,
*ÍXO TBM
NÁJIBMH H
naS.
Ha 3anaa©
Co-
COBEXCKHFI
ros rpaHH^IHX c pásHHVH expaHaicn OpéflHeíí E s p o r a , a Ha
BOCXÓKO
xojitKo y3KHÍi BepanroB npojiHB oxfleJiflex CCCP OT AJIHCKH, xó 1 I 10. ecxb OT auepHKaHCKoro KOHXHHenxa. B C0B9XCK0M C0¿3e MH¿rO
"TI".
COKHX
rcp.
K¿CXH
CojÓ3a,ne
16.
I
03@p f BU -
ÓOJLBWLX
Bojira cáiía« ¿MHHHaa pena He xójibKO Bcelí EBpóne;
H BO
ecxb eme óójiee ¿WHHiheB peKH. 15. M¿pe.
peK,
FLJIHHHHX
HO B
eBponéftcxoí!
B
Co»3a
A3H¿XCK0TT *IÁCXH
Bojrra anaflaex B KacnHiícKoe
KacnH#oKoe líópe co Bcéx cxopoH OKpysceHO seMJieit; n o -
I
T
OXOMY
I
I
I
I
B
CCCP
I
L
!
/
/
H
/
>
/
I
I
I
^caupe .
'
Bxopoií ropo^e Comea, " DN-io
Kaes
„
'
CJKJLO
' T .. ITccíe JleHHiirpaAa Hfler
pecjiydJiHKH.
'
ropn KaBKasa.
M©VI
- 3X0 GVO CTO^HIja, MOOKBa.
BOÍÍHOH B MOGKB6
I
.leni-i!:' >
I
/
rOpOfl
VHPOBCÍL
/ Tpcx • i ¿¿unto H^b. 2 5 .
L
A^r&HHOxaHa: aiH ropn BHiire,
>
MocKBa -
I
.
I
OH©HB
I
uaí^TIIOHA /
ÓOJIBM© I
cxooiHiia ynpa1
CTapue ropofla.
26. ¿dHHHrp&A ropaaAO HOBde KaeBa hjih Mogkbh; Ileip Bejiracnfi ocHOBeui C&HKT-OeTeptfypr, krk paHtme Haaraajicfl 3x01 ropofl, b i 7 0 3 /xsojna oeiibcox xpexbei*/ r o A y h Cfle'jxaji ero exojraqefi CBoeft H M n o p H H , BMecTO oxapoii Mockbh.
M o c K B a OHOBa oxajia
30. cxojmueii nocjre peBOJiMima 1917 /iHCirea AeBHibcox roAa. co»3
VOCABULARY 1 - 5 / ceBepHNH
union
CDBeTCKHH soviet (adj. from _ soviet,council) t coBex cxpana country MHp
"border coast
'
world
orpoMHwfi
o
»r
noKpNBa.Xb /»- e- » / to co ver (imprf.) nacxb (Fem.) nart grapes
Mecxo
pacx.H / y - e - y /
jihmoh i 3anaA
6
ocean
to grow
(Imprf.)
cotton
10, PB3HH6
various cpeAHHfi central
some
bociok i
place
anejrbOHH
Arctic
south
x^onoK
H6K0X0pue
'
JleAOBHiHH OKeaH
huge
BHHorpaA
northern
rpaHHua Ceper
ceMHaAuaxoro/
orange
y3KHH
lemon
east narrow
npo^iHB
strait
west
oxAeJiH.xi) / » - e - » / (Imprf.; to separate rpaHH^.HXb / y - h - a / to "border to ecTb that is (Imprf.) 11_-_15 , co B o e x cxopoH from all 3ides osepo lake He TOJibKO... ,H0 h. ..
not only.. oKpysceHHHft surrounded p r e d . lie-it.) ;
hut also...
3eMJifl
eme io^ree aJIHHHhS still longer
(0KpyxeH0
land
nosxoMy
therefore
Bnafla.Tb / » ~e - k / to fall into (Imprf.)
,
6njio 6h
it would "be
16 - 20
BHUKT higher ( corm,
of
bhcokhH )
3. np&BH.xi>Hed - raore correct (cor,ip. HaxogWTb „ B0CT0^tHue CA&BAHd y*e b oqeHb ApeBHHe BpeueHa ftKJOí b ®toh t i i » / . . i ' cxpase JiecoB, fi ojio x h fiojibimix peK. B peicax h oaepax ohh jiobhjih ' ¿ i ^ i pwóy; b Jiecax oxothjihci» h cotìHpajiH uea h bock. 15.
3eujieAéjiRe paHO cxájio oahhm H3 rjiaBHHX 3anflTnS bocxohhhx c j i a / _ « / > , i i .bah. B ¿leciiott 3 o ho ApeBHHe seMJieAeJibuH BHSHraJiH ynacTOK Jieca; I
I
I
I
f
I
/
/
ocTaBazacb 304a; 30¿a - xopomee yAOÓpenne h aeuJta AaB&Jia aobojsbho I
.
i„
i
i
i
i
/
xopodHH ypoxafl. Ho / i i , t t xaic fiKCxpo. 3eMJiaAeJieu yaco Ha AOJcaeH fitwi xaK qacxo nepexoAHTb o ¡ i
i
i
i
OAHoro mg ex a Ha Apyroe; oh yate He
ul8ted, p r e d . o f , saoeJieHHHfi . p o p u l a t e d xosé^HO - o f c o u r s e , n a t u r a l l y
nepexoAHTb / l s g . nepexoac-; n e xdfl- y - H- « / - t o pass (IMP.) nojiy-icohobhhk . semi-nomad wteua - ( F e u t • ) t r i b e ; (axeuesiua mstr.pl.) 3 1 - 35 , npeflOK - a n c e s t o r opeABSft - m i d d l e ( a d j . ) baojib -
along
c^Bep -
TenepemHHft - p r e s e n t n o o6e CT0p0HH -
day
(adj.)
on e i t h e r
side
floxoflaxb 3sjihb -
north /\
sg.floxQK-j
gulfg0
aoxo'a-
a s
V
VOCABULARY REVIEW I . napoA - p e o p l e , n a t i o n HacaxeHHe - p o p u l a t i o n
Hacej[HXb - t o p o p u l a t e HaoejieHHKfi - p o p u l a t e d SHxejib - i n h a b i t a n t k o i ^ b h h k - nomad
cxpaHa - c o u n t r y cxojiHua - c a p i t a l ( c i t y ) xeppmo'pHH - t e r r i t o r y
rpaHHija - b o r d e r , f r o n t i e r rpaHHTOXb c - t o b o r d e r on
o é B e p , ceBepHHS - n o r t h (N.JeAd.j) b o c i o k , BOGXOHHHfi - e a s t ( N . * ror, b s h h K - south " " sanafl, 3ana^mitt - west " cpefflHHft - c e n t r a l , m i d d l e ceBepo-BocxoK - north-east " 3anaA » west 3Bujisi
_
i
AdjJ "
t
d
paBHHHa . p l a i n I>eKa - r i v e r c>3epo - l a k e npo^HB _ s t r a i t 3ajIHB - g u l f
nope, s e a . ° K e a H - ocean ropa - mountain c x e n b , cxenHoft - s t e p p e ( N . & A d J . ) Jiec - f o r e s t
10. Hacxo coceAHHe oeMbH oó'eAHHaracb b rpymiH - oflmHHH. KorAa aio 6imo HyyHo, rjiaBH xex ceuéft, KoxópH© npHHaanesajni k xanófi ¿6uçîhq, ooóHpajmcb h oóoyscrojbì BMOOxe óómae ae^ia. Taxóe ooöpaHH© naoL3ajiocb "Bene". Be*ie BHónpÉuio oxapéfenHH, Kox^pue ynpaBJiógH ABJI8LMH ÓómHHH. 15.
I
l
i
I
I
I
l
i
I
!
CHaiajia Kaacflan oöiuHHa, hjih Aase Ka»Aa« combh, xujib. lOJibKO i » I I ' I „ / I / TOMH npOAyKxaiiH, Koxopu© OHa caxta npOHSBOAH^a, Ilo3ah©e MexAy pas-
I
I
!
$
i
hhmh HacTaMH cjiaBHHCKHx 3©M©Jib Haiajxca 0(5m©h npoAyKXaMH. K AOBfl-
I
;
t
i
f
i
c
i
I
TOMy BQKy Boexo^HHe cjraBAHe 3HajtH yxe h© lOJibKO oömqh npoAjicxaMH,I ho h npoAasy i.e. oömqh inpoAyKioB Ha AeHbrn. io t yace i npoAyKxoB, » xoproBJiK) » l / B cjia20. BpeMH cjiaBHHe bqjih c ApyrHMH HapoAaMHj npoAyKiN /
i
;
t
i
/
BHHCKHX 3©M0JIb, MÔA, BOCK, MSXa H ApyrHÔ lOBapH, 3KCn0piHp0Ba" ' -' ' ' jiHCb b A&JieKH© 3eMJiH, Combine Boero b BHsaHXHio. /
/
I
I
I
/
/
BoAHue nyxH, peKH, óhjìk ©ahhcxb©hhhmh nyxaMH, no KoiopHM
I
'
t
t
I
'
>
xorAa mo»ho öhjio nep©B03HXB xoBapw, h nepBHte ropoAft cjiaBaH
I
'
!
I
I
»
!
,
•
6wm
25. nocipoeHH Ha boahsix nyTax, y óo^bniHx peK pyccKOH pùbhhhh. / / > >, _ ' Ilyxb b KoHoxaHiHHonojib,cxojiHiiy BH3aHiHH,m©Ji bhh3 no ÄHenpy,
11. no
NVTOM
Möpio.
HEPHOMY
Ha BepxHeu ÄHenpe
CXOHJI
rópoa
Cuo^EHCK,
Ha cpeAHeu ¿iHenpe - KneB. B ToproB^e c Bn3aHiHoii npHHioiajiH ^o.ibinóe y ^ a c m e HÓpuaHHu, 30. 3KaHflHH8LBCKHe BTIKIIHTH, HJIH, KaK HX Ha3HBB.JIK BOCTO^HH© CJiaBÄHe - BapàrH. K3 Ea^iTHiìcicoro Mopa NIÈ!i yao'tfHHH BO'ÄHKFI nyxb,no poKaM H / i • • / 03epaM, no KOxopoMy BaparH npoHHKajiH B CJIBEHHCKH© aeMJiH. Ha sxou nyiH
CTOHJI
oflHH H3 caMHx flpeBHHx pyccNHx ropoß0B, HoBropoa,
!
/
w e c x a , r e e KOHna^ca
35.Toro
I
i
BOAHHH
0T
I
nyxb H3 5a.flXHÌioKoro Mop« Ha ror,
l
i
.,
!
_
.
6k.io Heflajreico flo Ha^sura BOflHoro nyxii B Mepuce Mope H B BH3aHXHx>. / / i i > ' Äpyroä pe^iioiì n y i b , Ha »ro-BoexoK, meji B H H 3 no B o r i r e , q e p e 3 uapcTBo
tfo.srap,
xrópKCKoro Hapofla,
n Äpyroe xiopKCKoe ; 40.Kft«nHÌicxcoe Mope,
KOXO'DKH
mui Ha cpéflHefi B o j i r e , -
uapcxBO, xosapcKoe, Ha Himien Bojire, H B
/
VOCAEUI \JÌY 1• KaÄflHÜ
each,
every
pò«
clan,
kin
t
C'iMta
family
npOHCXOAIIXt ( I sg,npOH3XOHC-J npoHCxòfl- y - H - a - ) 0Ö1I1JIH
t o come f r o m , d e r i v e common
COÖCTBQHl'CCIb
(fem.) property
pacce.iniboa (1 s g . p a c c e j i - ; p a c o s j i - IÒ-H~H)
to s e t t l e ,
i
5. p a c n a f l a . T b c « (ra-e-ic)
ba si o
efliurma
unit
oimecTBO paHbuio pOÄOBOH ceiviei'.HHi-i
s p r e a d over a t e r r i t o r y (prf.,intr.)
to f a l l a p a r t , d i s i n t e g r a t e
OCHOBHOH !
(imp.)
society e a r l i e r , formerly clan (adj . ) family ( a d j . )
(imp.)
12.
npn
under
0
npoKODoaHTb ( 1 ijgv rrpoaoaos:-; nponui^ofl- y - H - a ) OdKCK
bo l i v e on a one tiling t o produce
sale
flOHBTH
money
TOprOE^tif
t r a do
(SEP,-
y - e - y ) Tot>roBjno
(imp,)
exchange
npoflaaa
3ecTH
chief
power,
pa-q-!o) y^àciiie
to take part
(ynacxne
participation)
30.
yflóóHttiì
convenient
35-
KOHMa.TbCH (w-o-io)
to end, to finish, (ixnp.,intr» )
iranruao
beginning
LtâpCXBO
tsardom, Ir.ingdom
T»pKCKHfi
Turlric
HH3CHHÏ?
lower
5. ^ÈToniiCt. - PÌ3PI;X ii oJiÉr. - nórMAiii-m B impóni:. Tir; C;iK0!"ICL,3. - hurik a k d olsg. 1.
norsemen in europe
3 JieHTiHrpéflcKofi dndjxHoxéKe xpaHKxen Apéi3H]afi ManycKpKnx - wJiéxonncb"; QTot.vy i-iDHycKpanxy dó-ibnto iihthcÓt Jiex. onncain-ie LexopHHecKux coOhtiim rofl aa rosoni;
'ViTonncb" 3hIihhx éxo cjiobo npoHcxoAHT
ot "jréxo", hto uà cxapoji pyccKOM H3HK6 3iiaHH^ro "rofl", (mh h cefi*jao rouopHivT "naxB ,ieT", "cko^bko Jiex"), v. nucaxh",
^acxt sxoro MaHy*
cKpnnxa - KonHH c ente óónee ApeBHero «oKyMeHxa, opHrHHÉun Koxóporo ho coxpauHJicii; ero oCbtkhoeÓhho Hayncé-oT "FfaHaj:i.Ha5i ^IxonHCb". Hatiàvi&T'an JisTonHCb ^.¿ra HartFcaHs b ivner;o;
ona paccicasHBaex o co(5hihhx
pyccKoS KcxópiTE c fTCBiiroro sena ao oAHHHe.flnaxcro, x.e. p,o xoró spé10, MeHH, Koraa oira Oujia Haniicana.
Hctgpev.it XI ccKa, Kor,o;a km HystKO
ûiiMo onTicKi:axb xo. mio 6r.no at.bho, - .najieKoe nponuoe, - nojxb30BanHOA pa3HH'MH ^axepnajiaMH, ne lójxhKo
bhociì'Tìì^ckh^h xpoHHicaMH, ho h xakhmh
MaxcpHa.3aMK, kìik dntfjiKfl, krk napo^*«*© JiereHflH H3 cjiaB^HCKoro (a
14. HHorfla h h© ojjaBHHcKoro) (fojibKJiopa, h t. a. i l / , 15. Haïa^bHaa ¿©toiihci» paccKasHB&ox, ht o b 862 r o a y oJiaBHH© /
i
/
,
I
,
OTnpaBiMH noCTob b Ck&hahh¿bhk> npooHTb BaparoB npaBHXfc hx aeic-
Jt'éü, noTCMy * t o , KaK axH nocjni cxaaájiH s a p a r a i i , 3©icjui ojjaBÄH >
i
1
/
BejiHKa h o 6hJib Ha, ho b h©ö hot nopaflKa.
¡
i
3to npHrJiam©HH© npHHaji
PnpHR h e r o ABa 6 p a i a ; PœpHK ctsui khh3©u b HoBropoA©. 682 rofly O a é r , KOTopuft oxa^ hobropoackhm khh3©m nocjje PiipHKa, i _ i i i i > cnyciH^ca no AHenpy, 3axBaxHJi CMCJieHCK h Khob h cxaji khobckhm
20. B
KHH3GM. ?accK¿3 o Tom, KaK cjiaBaHe npHrjiacHJiH PnpKKa h e r ó ö p a x t e B Ho b 3toh JiereHA© ©ctb abreite ht HCTopHie-
npaBHib HMH - jrereHfla. '
'
'
I
I
2 5 . OKOH npaBÄH.
T»
«
'
'
I
/
'
/
Baparw a©ííctbht©jibho CKrpeuK myn pojib b 0öpa3O-
b¿hhh pyccKoro r o c y a a p c! i B a . I i ! CKaHAHHaBCKKe BHKHHTH, HJIH HOpMaHHH (HJIH BapflTH, KaK HX /
'
i
•
,
i
i
Ha3UBax>T pyccKHe jiexonHOH) Ha^a^H noaBJiaTtca y oeBepHHX öeperoB /
I
I
I
I
!
EBpOHH B KOHUe EOCbMOrO BSKa.IIO peKBM OHH npOHHKaJüH BrJiyÖb KOHTH30. HOHXa.
n03£Hee JiÓaKH
CKaHAHHaBCKHX BHKHHrOB nOHBJia»ICH B CpeflH-
3euH0M Mope h b HepHOM. ' /lojiroe Bpeua hx peHAH A©p*ft«SH ' b oxpaxe ! I I ' 3anaAHyro Eßpony. HHorAa ohh noaB.na.HHCb, rpaöHjra HacejieHHe h n o / / / , ' / TOM B03Bpama.1HCb B CKaHAHHaBHH). HHOrAa OHH OCXaBajIHCb Ha HöKOTO* /
I
/
I
I
I
poe BpèMH h ooöHpajiH c HacejieHHa AaHb. no3AHee ohh cxajm 3ai ¡ t i / ' 35. xBaiHBaib 3©mjih, Ha Koxopux ohh ocxaBa^tHCb oKOHHaxejiiiHO. TaK, i
,
i
i
,
b koHn© AesaToro BeKa, ohh 3axBaiHJiH ceBepHyio !
BepHyio 3>paHiiHio i
HopwaHHH,
' knrjimo,
-
noxo u
' ae-
I
( HopisaHAH»). ! HJIH
i
l
!
!
/
BaparH, Ó£WH He XOJIbKO rpaÖHTQJiaMH H 3aB0©Ba1 1 / ! ! / xejiaMH, ohh 6mjth xaKK© KynuaMH. Ohh BejiH MOpcKy» ToproBJiio c Aa40. JiëKHMH GTpaHaMH, Ky«a ohh bo3Hjih TOBapH no Boahm© nyTii, Koiópue hwh no pyccKoíi T Moj>a b HëpHoe Mo'pe no ÄHenpy, hjih no Bojir© yAo'öHH AJia BapároB. BapáatcKH© b¿hhh—Kynmá Tííx b cepeAHH9 A©BHToro BeKa.
MopaM h pénaM. paBHHH© H3 BajiTHÜcKoro Ha boctok, 6h^h o'hohi> noaBJiaioTca Ha 3THx n y -
VOCABULARY XpaH.HThCH (¿-H-«)
to be kept ( imp • )
3HaM»-HTj» (y-H-a)
to mean
onacaHR©
description
co6hxhq
event
roA 3a TOflOM
year aftor year
coxpaH. HTbc.q (»-É-a)
to bo preserved (prf.)
OdHKHOBOIiFO
usually
HaMajrBHiifi
initial
BeK
century
oniievBa. tb (w-e-io)
to dc 3 cr ibe (irap.)
flauHO
long ago
npor-jioe
the past
nojiij3CDa'rbCH (no.'ibsy- n-e-io)
to use, laake use of
HapOffHHÎÏ
popular, folic (adj.)
MacécTHBli-
famous, v/ell-îmown
0Tnpa2HTb(lsg. oTnpàazr-; GTnpaB- lo-H-fi) t
to send
nocojr
envoy
npoc:ïTb(lsg,npo!U-; irpoc- y-a-a)
to ask, request (imp.)
npai3HTs( Isg. npai3jr-;npaB- io-h-h)
to rule, govern (imp.)
uo.aHKHii
great, vast
o6vu*.bHH>i
(se.raKa- predio.feiu. ) (oOHJibHa^. ^edic.fora. )
plentiful
rxopn.coK
order
npiiKrTb fnpib.i- y-e-y)
to accept (prf.)
npiirjianeHHe
invitation
CTapiMM
older, senior
flairée
further
cnycxHTi>ca/ (isg^cnym-; cnycT- y-H-a) 3a.x3aTHTB ( lsg. oaxaan-; ,3axEax- y-H-a) npur^tacHTb (1 sg. npyrjiaiii-; npKr..nac- y-K-a)
to descend,go down (prf.) to seize (prf.) to .invito (prf.)
16, 25* npaBfla
truth
geficTSHTQJEBHO
act\ially
CHrpa.xb (w-e-io)
to play (prf.)
pOJIb
role, part
0(5pa30DaHHe
formation
rocy^apcTBO
state
noHiwiH.Tbc« (w-e-ro)
to appear (imp.)
30. BrJiydt
deep into
jioRKe.
boat
CpeflH3eitHoo nope
Mediterranean Sea
flo^roe spewa
a long time
Aops.aTb
to hold (imp.)
(y-H-a)
cTpax
fear
rpacSiiTB (3.^ sg^pad^i-; rpa I I ' Bene corjiaaiajiHOb c KHA3EM,rJiaBOH Apy«HHH,
30.
HH ©rO
Hapofl
' noHpaBwjiacb
He
cpaay
i
'
TaKOfl
peJIHrHH
hto
MaroueT
/ yycyjifcuaHCKouy
i
i
UpHHHTb
H©
MoryT. Ha 35.
a
He
Cnjio
RQJie
caMOM
KaK^io
HHöyflb
pejüHraeK
'
HJ1K
'
B
45.
uepKBH,
KaK
/ HHMH (fcpéCKriMH nyö^iHMHaji
50.
boäh flK
BHanaoie
I
cTa.au
i
CHHe
BjiaflHMHpa,
KneBCKan
HHK,
ITpiI
i
C
i
3anaflHHM
B KHeBCKOÎÎ
Cium
CoAhh
/ COÖOp©
KiieB©
' CBflTOH
KHH3Ô
Hpoc^a-
c
ypoBH«
npeiepacHHe
'
b
/
BucoKoro
nocTpoeHH
'
p
i
caMOM
noaBj[HTbca
h
opnrHHajibHHe
i
aBTOpOB
¿HUI K H 9 B C K h 8
'
©ro
/ Co-
' ÖHJia
/ yCTpO©H« >
:
JIBOÖHTeJIHMH K H I i r .
ero
/
äöth
'
OflHH H3
OAHHHaflnaTOM
/
BCKOpe,
h
^éjrajiHCb
H3hk. /
Hapjifly
t
npoH3BefleHHH.
6o./ibin¿ro
ra©
IIoto'm
nepe-
nepesó-
nepeBOflaMH,
t
TajraHxa,
coflep-
/
c
Oähhm
HX^apnÓH,
no
/ nepBHx
h3
pyCCKHÍÍ
CBHatöH-
KOToporo
üpocjraB
uepKBK.
i
h
a
' pe.rarH03HaH
Eojirapnro,
MHTpOnOJIHT
jkShocth
pyccKoß
flpocjiaB
KHeBe,
t
(5oJiLiuofi
népes
i
0öpa30M
uepKOBHO-cJiaBHHCKiiß
b
CaM
B
cbhtoü
JuiTepaxypa,
t¿kctob
/
rjiaBoíá
i
cotfop
npoHHKajra
flejiaTt
HejiOBèK
cp,éji&ji
/
h
pyCCKHX
*iew
6oj¡bm&
öHÖJiHOT^Ka.
rpéqecKHx
Hanajrii
55.
,
/ H M03SHK&MH.
i „ BH3aijTHiicKaH »caHHio,
xpaoTHaHCTBo
rop¿ap,o
cnoco'öcTBOBajio
I
'
HanpuMep
ömjio
BH3aHTHH
I
pa3JIH*IHHX OÓ^raCTflX K y ^ b T y p H . T, rT npH H poc^aBe b pyccKHx r o p o a a x '
KiíeBa
/ H KyJTbTypHNX,
BJIHHHH©
b^hhhijô
npn
1054)
rpenecKoe
f
'
-
y
hto
xpHCTHancTBO,
BOCTOKOM.
3T0
y»©
rp¿«tecKoe
noTOMy
BH3aHTHeiî
XpHCTHaHCTBa
'
(1019
npHHfwrá
/ 3K0H0MHH©CKHX
ycHJiHJtocb;
,,
liyÄpOM
c
>
KHeBCKOH K y j T b T y p H . Be
a
C Mycy^tBMaHCKHM
3Ha^HTe^rbH0
Pyes
pe^rárnio,
B*i3aHTHH,
C npHHHTHeM 40.
flpyr^io
/ nOJIHTH^eCKHX,
CBH36H, MHpOM
Tta©BCKaH
BSK9
i
öhjih
/ oôpasoHaHHKMiî
/ CBIHOBe H H p O C J i a B a Kh8b
cTa^
OflHMM 113
3HaJI
>
jrioflbMH h naib
caMHX
„
*
oojibnnïMH
' ' H3HKOB.
öojibinux
h
Öora-
i
'
'
i
i
i. "yjiycH 1 '.
HMnepHS öKJia pasflöwieiia Ha npoBHHimn, hjih
OflHH H3 BHyicoB HHnrno-xaiia, Baxy, ncjiyMHJr sánaflHHe 3GMJIH
h c (SombríoH apMH3K oinp&BHJicfi b noxcfl na 3anafl.
B 1237 r»fly, pa3-
rpcMHB uapoxBO Bf^rscKHx öo^rrap, Baxy BCTymw b c é s e p o — boctÓ*ìhh6 pyCCKHe
3¿MJIH. 3^6flHH Mec.qu laxápH B3HJIH H COSCIVIH HeiHpHaÄUaXb
ropoflOE, b XOM
B c^re'ñyiomeM, 1238 r o f l y , bqjihkhíí
MoôKBy.
HHOJIÉ
KHH3b ^^afliiwHpcKiiH nHia.;iCf! ocxaHOBHXB xaxa'p, HO eró B¿KCKO
KOB, KoxopHe npoH3BejiH nepenHOb HacejieHHa H ooóHpeuffH C Hero XHxe-ayio
_ / BCHKHQ
/
/
nonuxKH Boccxaiins óecnomaAHO noAaBJuuiHCb / I I / / / BOHCKfiMH, KOTOptl© HeMeflOieHHO HBJZHJIHCb H3 30JI0X0H OpflH. AAHB.
Taxapu
HO UAUQNVUM
HH^ERÓ
Pycii, Hcnójtb3ya ero' HpH3H£lHHe '
OpAy.
CBO0H
T»
B
CBOHX
nojiHxiiMeoKOM annapa'xe xorflanraeft
B
HHiepe'cax,
BJtaCXH, 3E KOXOpHM OHH AOJUCHN ÓHJIH 03AHXb B
'
'
'
KHH3bA, a ianace Ayx0B9HCiB0, He iwaxiWH
I
!
/
I
^
nacxo noMora^H xaxapaM oofinpaib ee HeKOIOpue KHH3hJl
H0B6HHH.
^xo
KHH3bH uojiynaJXH ox xaHa
I OHH
I
I
óoajiHOb noxepaxb
npmiép AJieiccaHAP *ejiaHHa, nomata«, 6e3H&AOJKHHM•
HQBCKHE, HTO
B6JIH
T CBOH
I T I AAHH xaxapau H
I
/
Aepsaxb HacejieHHe
H
B
IIOBH-
XaKyD IIOJtHXHKy npo'oxo noxouy I
npHBHJierHH;
noA^HHAJIHCB
conpoxHBJie'HHe
HO
I
Apyrrte, KaK Ha-
xaxapaM npoiHB csoero
BKXM
HHipMraHOU, HOTOputt He CTeCHHJICH HiLKaKMkM CpeACTSailH «eHHA CBoéfi uéjin: KAJIMTA
AJIA AOCTH-
yBejMmeHHH u ycHJieHHH CBoeró KHHKeCTBa.
yuep B 1341 roA#.
y Heré CKJIO TÓJIBKO Asóe CKHOBeit,
H3 KOTOpHX OAMH yuep Ce3tféTHHM. M COXpaHUJIO CBOe eAHHCTBO*
KHHfiteCTBO He pasCMJIOCh Ha yABJIU
BHyK KaJIMTH, BeJIMKMfi KHfl3b ÌUiHTpuil,
(1359 - 1389) 0K0HQATEJIBH0 YCTAHOBHJI NPHHIJHN nepeA^WH Beerò BejiMHoro KHHmecTBa OAHOt&y HacjieAHHKy, no^omMB kohcu yAeJibHOiiy nopflAKy. B TO BpeMflf uorjxa. fciocKBa HawuHaJia BupacTaTb B noBoe HannoHajibHoe rocynapcTBO, 3ojioTan OpAa. npHXOAMJia B y n a n o x .
OTAeJibHue
TaTapcKue KHH3bH, OTnaBnaie OT OpAH» coBepmaJi» HAÓÉRH Ha pyccKHe KHHmecTBa H rpàówjiM MX.
l y c c K w e 0Ka.3tBajiK KÌÀ aHepruuHoe conpo-
TMBJieHwe h BMfeCTe c Teji, uyBCTBya ocjia6jieH«e BJIACtu xàHa, yueHbniajiH pa3tóép AaH« h njiaTMjiu eè Heperyjifl'pHO. HX
BJiacTb HAJJ, Pycbio B cepb63HOÌì onacHOOTu•
T a m p a nÓHflJia, WTO Kor^a óójibman qacTb
OpAH CHOBa 0Ka3ajiacb noA BjiacTb» 0AH0ró xaHa, i.iaii4fl, ÓOJibmóe TaTapcKoe BOIICHO oTnpaBHjiocb saHOBO noKopflTb PyccKyio 3ekJao. HaBCTpéwy Malia» BKCTynmi BejiMKMit KHfl3b JUtfiTpMiì.
06a BÓftCKa
BCTpeTMjiMCb 8 ceHTflòpfl 1380 ró^a Ha KyjiHKÓBOM «¿Jie, y BepXHero ¿OHa.
TaiapH 6HJIH pa3ÓHTb: w oÓjaTKjiucb B òércTBO. TaTapcKoe l i r o OAHÌKO He KÓHMIJIOCB c noóeAofi R i m a n a »HoHCKoro.
Mepe3 ABa r a n a TaTapaiì yAaJiócb 3axBaTMTb iwocKBy h 3acTaBMTb pyccKHX CHOsa iuiaTMTb Hk Aa.Hb.
leu He MeHee noòe'Aa Ha KyjiHK^BOM
ncijie 6ujia BaxtHHw noBopoTHMM nyHKTOH B MCTOPHH p y c c K o r o KOHCU TaTapcKoro a r a npumèa ÒHTBH.
rooyAapcTBa.
wepe3 CTO jieT nócjie KyjiMKOBCKOii
52» B03BHSI9HH6
rise
HyBOTBOBaTbca HaH(JoJiee
t0
"be
3BaHHe felt
most
OTfla^BHHN«
distant, remote
i
onpaBJiaTBca to recover / HamecTBHe Invasion
(tiro.)
rank, title
) noHMfHory 11 3a c^iox
u t t l e by little
8t
BHTOflHHil
the exnense of
advantageous
"fleHexHstt MemoK" money bag ' i xaKHM odpaaou thus; in this way
nojioxeHHe
situation, position
cynexb
cnocoCHHii
capable
npnotfpecxH t o gain / flOBepwe confidence < / B ero pacnopflaceHHH a t his command
3aflana task co3AaHHe
creation
t
BHnojiHaTfc to achieve, realize i nepeueiiteHne
capital
i
3aMevao cxpoii
AeHesHHe cpefloiBa yaepataib to withhold
shift
fiacceiiH "basin (of a river) CTOjiHua
to be able
(city)
noticeably order
/
(prf.)
/
nonwHHa
customs duty, tax
i floxofl income
n0^b30Baxb0n noieynKa
to make use of (inra.)
purchase
t
aaceoiHTb to colonize, populate
flOHOO
3Ha^HxejitH0 considerably
no'flKyn bribery
(5nxb fleJiOM to be the work of
co^exaxb to combine (inro.)
yHacjieAOBaHHHg inherited
HCKyoHHlt expert, dexterous
poflOBo'ii
JtOBKHiiI Skillful oxecHaxbCK to be embarrassed, to have scruples f flocmaceHH© achievement, reaching / 6e3fleiHHg childless
tribal, clan
cxpoHTe^t JiHHHHii
builder
personal, private
ceMe'gHKg
fatni ly (adj .)
codcTBeHHOcTB property > o HeorpaHH^ieHHHH absolute, unlimited npeflcxaB^teHHe idea, notion naciHHH
private
denunciation
/
pa3(5HXbca / coxpaHHXt i
nepefla^ia
to break utd, to be snlit (nrf.) to nreserve, keen (prf.) transmission
53. HiiyiuecTBO
no^o«HTb KOHeu
property
TaK HaaHBaeuHfi s o - c a l l e d / 3aBemaHHe
testament,
will
HacJieflHHK
heir
cj»ACTBHe
consequence,
result
oxnacxi> t o s e c e d e ( n r f . ) i coBepmaifc t o p e r f o r m , a c c o m p l i s h (Imp.) / rpatfHXB t o ro"b, p l u n d e r (inrD.) conpoxHBJieHHe r e s i s t a n c e , , pa3uep s i z e , amount
ApoCJieHHe f r a c t i o n i n g , "breaking / UP ocjiafi^eHHe nojiy^axb t o r e c e i v e , t a k e i n , gain (imp.) ( ( CTpeMHXBCH
to ast)ire
TOT KJIVL HHofi one or cnocoC way, means
(imp.) another
to seek,
look
I noffflepscKa
gupport
BOBJieKa'iB
to i n v o l v e ,
cnop
dispute
for
draw i n [imp.}
opposition
weakening
onaoHoexb danger 3aH0B0 a new T
noKopait. t o subdue
t
HCKaxb
t o "bring t o an end
(imp.)
oflaaKo however 3acxaBjiHXi> t o compel, f o r c e ( i m p . ) / xeM He MeHee n e v e r t h e l e s s / noBopoxuHH nyHKi t u r n i n g p o i n t
54. 14.
l.
T&xápoKoro a r a * - paonaji
KOHÔA
¿¿TOM
1480
xaK Kax
MOCXBH,
ßOHCKORO,
róffs x a s
3 oJt ©x oft
njiaxáxb
OTKAAÁJTCFL
(?HJÏO SABHCNUTOCTB KOCKBH OT 5.
EUY
B
npoxHB
flpyroro,
He HanHHaa
HOHtfpé HFT^aJIHCB XOJÍOR&, 3iTH30a
3TOX
noKa3cm, *ixo
H
COOIHOINEHHE
K
H
npoiHB
BOHCKOM
III,
npasayK JbtBtpBX
npHssaBax* jcaKy»
ÓH TO RH
Oöa s o S c K a , xaxâpcKoe ® r o - 3 a n a « y ox
6ÓH.
xaxápN
OÖHKHOBÖHHO
KHH3Ï> HBSH
flaat
Taxáp.
CKOo, BcxpeTHJiHCb Ha pené y r p e , OAHÓ
OpAÚ Biícxyinw c
Be^HKHÖ
UOCKOBCKHÖ
Optai,
3OJIOTÓÜ
Tan
YNÜIH
cxHiaioi
OHH
MOCKBH,
npocxoéra
0
10.HacxoJibKo, ^xo xan yxcé He u o r 3acx¿BHXb irocKoacKoro KHH3H HcnojiHHXb IIp0n30J¡WÓ 3XO HE Xixo Pycb hm©©t cboio, üeaaBHCjoiyio h ohôhb apôbhd» TpaAHQH» 60. xpHCTHaHCKoro rocyaápcxBa.
/ U h oToro n0Jii>30BaJniCb H^KOTopmcn ct¿-
Phmh JiereHAauH, eme KiíeBCKoro nepnofla, hjih see HdOdpexaJiH hobh©; co* ivtácjxo oahoö xaKoß JiereHAe, pycoKyy 3exur» •KfcrAa-'TO noceTKjr anócTOJi AHflpéñ n/ , /öJiarocjioBHJi xo môcxo, Ha KoxopoM öiw nocTpoeH rópOA KÁ©b. 9to ÓJiaroc^roBeHiíe OAHÓró u s npsamx y^eroiKOB Xpacxa yMeHbmaao, icoho^ho, pojib 65. BH3aHT0HCKHX MHCCHOHepOB, y^ácTBOBaBlüHX B Kp©JU©HHH PyCH npH BJiaAHMnpe b flecflTOM B¿Ke. flpyráa Jierénna yxBepsAajia, *rro Piópinc npoaoxoAHJi OT 6páxa pHMCKoro ramepaxopa Aßrycia. HaKOHeiî CHHiájiH ncTopHiecKHM (JjaKTOM, HTO KHeBCKHÍí KHH3b BJiaAHI-Hp LlOHOMaX ÜOJiy^IIJI OT BH3aHTHÍiCK0ro m m e p a T o p a
ciímbojih uápcKoíí B^iacxH (©ahiim NA hhx 6hui¿ "mamca Moho-
/ „ / / / i / / / 70. Kaxa, KOTopyw hoch^ih pyccKHe uapn). TaKHM 0öpa30M, ecjrii npe©MCTB©H/ i .. f * t HocTb ox Bn3aHXHH h npii3HaBajrH, xo ee othochjih ©me k KHeBCKOMy nepao-
Ay, He cBA3HBaH éé c naaeHueu
BH3aHxáii b naxHaAiiaxoM b©k©.
Ho xoxa MocKBa h He npii3HaBaJia ceóíi HacjteAHHuei'i BnsaHxmi, b^hhHH© ÖH 30. HT KÖCK O H no JIHT^HeCKO E Ii KyJtbXypHOÖ TpaAHUHII ÖHJI0 BeJTHKO.
63« 75«
OHO ycHAutoofc e seaáxkóoíi H B a a a I I I n a HHQO n o a a é a a e r o
m i üajieojiór, ÜJIQMÁH-
Bsaaaxafioicoro a u n e p a x o p a , K o x ó p a a rautík c o osoihc
O T K O M B Pline. c aett npaexajio B U o o K B y n a ¿ r o P p d K O B , H 3 KOBCXaBXBaOlIOJXH.
C p O Ä H H E X H OpÔflB A p y P B X SUBTpa'aXOB B 3
H 3 BOJtrápHB H B 3 C e p 0 B B , 8 0 » H&CJTH B M O C K B Y
SUHTp^pOBflBSHX BasaHTHü,
MHOrO yqÖHHX H MaCXep^B, KOTOpH©
6UXO
C B O H 3HfìHHiI B 0B06 B C K y C C X B O . 3BaTniXOJtï>HÔ
6tÜÍ0
npH-
H DOJIH-
Xíí^QCKOÓ BJJBHBHQ B H 3 a H T B Ö C K O r O aóCOJEDTH3MÚ R a aöCOJI»XHyiO MOB¿pXHI>, K o x ó p a n HûTOHajia cKJtaßHBaxi>CH B MOCKBÓ. IÏOCJIO FL&nroîi H n o v x a noJiHoft B30¿&KBB BCJieaoxBaa x a x á p c R o r o poccHH, npB HBane m
BocoxaHOBJiaBaex c b ^ 3 b c 3¿naflOM b H a i a a a e x
85.aauaxi> a K X H B H O © y i a c x a e B QBponeficKoö n o n H X K K o . B H O C X p a B S H X nOOJI^Bf
óra, npn-
B MOOKBG n p B E B K a m r
B M 0 C K 0 B C K B 6 BOCJOI OXnpQBJIHDXCa B ©BpOIlá&CKBe
CXpCLHH« KOHÍU B 9 0 . «A
1492
naxHíifluaxoro BÓK&
ráiia ÄOöpaJicß ÄO HHABH. B
1472
onóxott
Bejifacxx
KopcKjfac n y r e m á o T B H Ü :
oxKpiwt A u e p a x y ; mooxfc Jiex o n y o x a nopxyriÍJion Ba'cao
R O A Y KOJIYMÓ
KOSÄY 1 4 6 6