Step on it. Con storia. Per le Scuole superiori. Con e-book. Con espansione online (Vol. 1) [Vol. 1] 8841643803, 9788841643808

Citation preview

EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

Janet Harmer

Step on it

1

let’s blog vocabulary games & idioms skills & culture grammar

The story

TREASURE ISLAND

Didattica inclusiva

EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

Realtà aumentata

let’s blog STEP

1

Welcome to my blog!

games & idioms

vocabulary 4 Getting away from it all!

5 Travel

6

1

STEP

2

Prince Ea

12 Get social!

13 Technology

14

4

STEP

3

Kilts and sporrans!

20 Looking good!

21 Dressed to kill!

22

6

STEP

4

Skam!!

28 What’s on?

29 TV

30

8

STEP

5

The “must tastes” of Scotland

36 Food, glorious food!

37 Food

38

10

STEP

6

The Scottish music scene

44 Music to my ears!

45 As clear as a bell

46

12

STEP

7

Storm Dennis

54 Nice day, isn’t it?

55 Weather

56

15

STEP

8

Great Scots!!

62 Be a good sport!

63 Time out!

64

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skills & culture LISTENING Cool holidays! I went glamping!!! READING Instagram READING Throwaway fashion LISTENING A TV project

READING The future is now

LISTENING From bullying to chart success

READING The World’s largest cave

LISTENING Sadio Mané – Made in Senegal

grammar

7 • The simple present • Adverbs of frequency • Possessive adjectives and pronouns 2 15 • The present continuous • -ing form as a noun • Possessive ’s

Boost your language! 8 • Cool slang • False friends • British English and American English 3 • Nouns to remember 16 • Verbs to remember

39 • Modal verbs - Potere: can/could, be able to/manage to, may/might - Dovere: must, have to - Volere: will 47 • Comparative adjectives • Superlative adjectives • Prepositions of time - At – in – on - Before – after – till – until – from… to/until/till… – between… and… – during – to • Prepositions of place - At – in – on – into – out of 13 57 • Countable and uncountable nouns • Indefinite adjectives and pronouns - Some / any – no / none - Much / many / a lot of / lots of 65 • Wh- question words • Adverbs of manner • The definite article 18 • The indefinite article

74 76 76

5

23 • The simple past 24 Glossary Social English • The past continuous • Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns 7 31 • The future form - Be going to - Will - Present continuous - Simple present 9

71 72

78

32

THE STORY Y 40 by Robert Louis Stevenson

11

48

14

58

16

66

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• Meet the author • The characters • The places

1 1 2

Episode 1 1 Billy Bones

4

Episode 2 2 The sea-chest

6

Episode 3 3 The adventure begins

8

Episode 4 4 The apple barrel

10

Episode 5 5 Ben Gunn

12

Episode 6 6 The battle at the loghouse

14

Episode 7 7 Jim the Captain

16

Episode 8 A trap

18

8

Episode 9 9 The treasure

20

• How well do you remember the story?

22

4. a 5. a SEARCH...

Hi there everybody! Well, summer’s here at last… and I’m going to help you with your English homework.

ѣ

vocabulary Getting away from it all! 1. Look at the pictures and write the names of the different kinds of holiday. wildlife and nature • backpacking • eco-friendly • cruise • camping • couchsurfing • house swapping • sightseeing • wellness and spa

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

1

2. Choose the best word to complete the sentence. Then listen and check.

1. I bought this ring as a a memory b souvenir

of Sardinia. c memorial

on beaches. I much prefer hiking in the mountains or activity holidays. c sunbathing

2. I hate a burning

b taking the sun

3. The a panorama

b landscape

from the top of the Eiffel Tower is awesome! c view

4. Rimini is a popular holiday a resort b seaside

among young people. c shore

5 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

1

STEP

games & idioms

Travel 1. Read the clues and solve the crossword. Across 1. A cheap hotel where students often stay. 3. You put clothes in this when you travel. 5. Where you go to take a plane. 7. You see wild animals on this kind of holiday. 8. A person who travels on a train or plane. 9. A popular holiday among young people. Down 1. When you exchange houses for a holiday. 2. To travel you need this document. 3. You find this on beaches. 4. You stay in a tent on this kind of holiday. 6. A holiday on a ship. 1

2 3

4

5

6 7

8

9

2. Look at the pictures and write the words of the objects. 1. W □ □ □ 2. S □ □ □ □ □ □ □ B □ □ 3. S □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ 4. L □ □ □ □ □ □

❷

❸

❹

❶

5. C □ □ □ □ 6. C □ □ □ □ 7. T □ □ □ 8. B □

□□□

U□□

❺

□□□□□ 6

EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

❽

❻ ❼

skills & culture

Cool holidays! Listening 2

I went glamping!!!

1. You will hear Luke talking about glamping. Listen and fill in the gaps.

1. The word “glamping” was recognised by the Oxford English Dictionary in 2. Another word for glamping is

camping or posh camping.

3. Children particularly enjoy staying in

.

4. A big advantage of glamping is that there is less 5. Luke thinks sleeping in

2

.

.

is unpleasant.

2. Listen again and complete the lists. TYPES OF ACCOMMODATION

Safari t T Vintage c Converted double –decker b S containers

FACILITIES

tubs

H S M F

parlours areas

7 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

ACTIVITIES TO DO

Mountain h M C W

biking -water rafting

STEP

1

The simple present AFFIRMATIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM

I/You/We/They + forma base del verbo

I/You/We/They + don’t + forma base del verbo

They go to Tuscany every summer.

I don’t like rice – I prefer pasta.

He/She/It + forma base del verbo + s

He/She/It + doesn’t + forma base del verbo

It takes me ten minutes to get to school on foot.

Stefano doesn’t like playing video games.

INTERROGATIVE FORM

INTERROGATIVE-NEGATIVE FORM

Do + I/you/we/they + forma base del verbo

Don’t + I/you/we/they + forma base del verbo

Do you help your parents at home?

Don’t they live in Newcastle?

Does + he/she/it + forma base del verbo

Doesn’t + he/she/it + forma base del verbo

Does Daniel study in Manchester?

Doesn’t Jim go to university?

• I verbi che terminano in -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -z, -o, -ss aggiungono -es alla terza persona singolare.

• Il simple present si usa per esprimere azioni abituali o di routine. È spesso accompagnato dagli avverbi di frequenza always, usually, sometimes, often, rarely, never o dalle ore.

crash ➞ crashes watch ➞ watches whizz ➞ whizzes go ➞ goes

I work for the Red Cross. Lavoro per la Croce Rossa.

My dad always gets up at 6.00.

• I verbi che terminano in -y aggiungono semplicemente -s se la y è preceduta da vocale. Se la y è preceduta da consonante essa si trasforma in i prima di aggiungere -es.

Mio papà si alza sempre alle 6.00.

– What time does the train to Edinburgh leave? – It leaves at 5.45. – A che ora parte il treno per Edimburgo? – Parte alle 5.45.

play ➞ plays hurry ➞ hurries

8. My little sister

1. Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 1. I

because she

(not eat) very much in the

evening because I

9. –

practice at 8 o’clock. (spend) hours

10. – Excuse me, what time –I

(not like) it.

1. The store opens at 8.30. What time 2. She speaks four languages fluently. How many 3. She does her homework in the afternoon. ? When

(go) three

times a week! (you, not speak) English?

6.

7. I love wearing jeans, t-shirts and sneakers but I

(not, know) sorry!

2. Write the questions.

(love) working

out at the gym. We

(the

train, leave) for Milan?

(live) alone but I

5. My mum and I

. She (work) in a clinic.

(your girlfriend, like) rap?

4. I

(Helen, not work) in a hospital?

– No, she

playing on his tablet! 3.

(go) to the pool to

train.

(have) football

2. My brother

(get up) very early

(wear) a uniform to school. 8

EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

? ?

grammar 4. My sister likes Fedez. ? Who 5. They watch YouTube videos in the evening. ? What

6. I go to school in Manchester. Where 7. That phone costs €700! How much

? ?

Adverbs of frequency • I principali avverbi di frequenza sono: always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, seldom, never, ever (quest’ultimo nelle domande). Essi si collocano prima del verbo quando si tratta di verbi ordinari, ma seguono il verbo be.

• Nella frase negativa gli avverbi di frequenza sono inseriti tra l’ausiliare e il verbo, ma dopo il verbo be. I don’t usually drink coffee in the evening. Di solito non bevo caffè la sera.

Where are they? They aren’t usually this late. Dove sono? Di solito non sono così in ritardo.

We sometimes go for a walk along the seafront on Sundays.

• Nella frase interrogativa si collocano tra il soggetto e il verbo.

Andiamo qualche volta a fare una passeggiata al mare la domenica.

Ben is always happy!

Do you often go out for a meal?

Ben è sempre felice!

Vai spesso a mangiare fuori?

Do you ever go to concerts? • Per chiedere la frequenza con cui si fa una cosa si usa How often…?

Vai mai ai concerti?

How often does your teacher give you a test? Ogni quanto la vostra insegnante vi fa fare un test?

4. Rewrite the sentences using never, always, usually, often, sometimes. Tell the truth!

3. Reorder the words and write sentences. 1. you / Do / stay up / all night / ever / ?

1. I go to cafés. 2. around / often / My brother and I / the / help / house

2. I cook. 3. I tidy my bedroom.

3. I / are / late / to school / go / never / by bus / they / because / always

4. I get up at 6 o’clock at the weekend. 4. money / spends / clothes / a lot of / My mum / on 5. I go on Instagram. 5. often / your / do / and / see / How / you / grandparents / go / ?

6. I do sport at the weekend. 7. I tell lies.

6. she’s / busy / works / She / in an ice-cream kiosk / so / always / at the weekend

8. I argue with my parents. 7. buy / do / usually / Where / you / clothes / your / ? 9. I copy my friends’ homework. 8. films / always / on Netflix / She / watches / or Amazon Prime

10. I play video games.

9 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP

1

Possessive adjectives and pronouns POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

my your his her its our your their

mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

• Gli aggettivi possessivi non sono mai preceduti dall’articolo e sono invariabili nel genere e nel numero. Mr Marsden is our new Spanish teacher. Il signor Marsden è il nostro nuovo insegnante di spagnolo.

• Il pronome possessivo sostituisce l’aggettivo possessivo e il nome a cui si riferisce. È usato spesso per evitare ripetizioni dello stesso sostantivo. Come l’aggettivo, non è mai preceduto dall’articolo ed è invariabile nel genere e nel numero. – Is this George’s phone? – No, it’s mine! – Questo è il telefono di George? – No, è mio!

That pendrive is his, not yours! Quella chiavetta è sua, non tua!

• L’espressione “un mio/una mia / un suo/una sua…” si traduce in inglese con: a… of mine/his/her oppure one of my/his/her… Leo is a friend of mine. oppure

I walk my dog twice a day.

Leo is one of my friends.

Porto a passeggio il mio cane due volte al giorno.

Leo è un mio amico.

6. – This is your parents’ car, isn’t it? – No, it’s . I bought it last week! a mine b their c my

5. Choose the correct form. 1. Mrs Walton gave us a lift in his / her new car. 2. Hey Mara! Is this bag your / yours? 3. – I haven’t got any shampoo… – You can borrow mine / my if you like. 4. Is it your turn or ours / our? 5. Some of hers / her videos are really funny! 6. – That’s Margaret and Sue dog, isn’t it? – No, their / theirs is a Pitbull! 7. Some friends of my / mine are coming to see me this weekend. 8. Hey kids! Are these yours / your sandwiches?

7. Fill in the gaps using the correct possessive adjective or pronoun. 1. – My brother visited some friends of in Rome last week. They’ve got a house there. – Oh, lovely! My grandparents have got a house in Rome, too, in the centre. is in the outskirts.

– Oh,

mum

2. – I have to go to the chemist for

6. Choose the correct answer.

this afternoon but my car won’t start.

1. Can you help me with English homework please? a my b your c mine 2. – Is that blue scooter Jane’s? – No, is white. a her b hers c its 3. I’ve done my homework. Have you done yet? a your b hers c yours 4. Do the boys ever help parents in the house? a their b theirs c your 5. – Is this my glass? – No, it’s not – it’s mine! a its b your c yours

if you like!

– You can borrow – Ok. Thanks!!

3. Ben and Ryan are on holiday in Spain with families. 4. – Take the snake out of

cage. I need to

clean it. – What? The snake or the cage? 5. – Is this your sister’s bicycle? – No,

is in the garage.

6. My girlfriend and I might go out with some friends of

this evening.

7. Jim is already here. That’s over there. 10

EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

backpack

grammar step it up 8. Read the text and choose the correct option.

“HOLITALY!!!”

Hi everybody!! I’m Alessia and I’m so glad school’s over at last!!!! If there’s one time during the year when we Italians drop1 everything and run, it’s the summer! And that almost (1) always / usually / often means going to the beach and more and more of us are choosing to stay in Italy – but where exactly (2) do we go / go we / we go? We Italians (3) never / usually / rarely go to places like Sardinia, the Riviera Romagnola, Sicily, Liguria and Tuscany but there is another place that is becoming one of Italy’s favourite holiday destinations thanks to (4) its / it / his fascinating culture and traditions… and that is Apulia, or Puglia, as the Italians call it, in the south-eastern tip2 of Italy. It’s an awesome place! My friend Simone owns3 a holiday home on the beach at Torre Lapillo, near Gallipoli. I went there last summer with (5) his / our / your family and we stayed in (6) their / her / our house – it was amazing!! The Salento area and (7) her / his / its beaches are becoming really fashionable. Lots of young people go there for (8) their / its / his discos and nightlife and the white beaches of Salento; Otranto and Porto Cesareo are the most popular with families with children. (9) Believe you / You believe / Don’t you believe me? – I’m telling you – the secret place to discover before the masses get there is Apulia – (10) don’t try / you try / try it and you’ll see what I mean… Have a great summer!! Alessia XX 1. drop_lasciar cadere 2. tip_punta 3. owns_possiede, ha

3 9. Translate the following sentences. Then listen and check.

5. – Quante lingue parla tuo fratello? – Quattro. Lavora spesso all’estero. 6. Che cosa fanno i tuoi genitori di solito il weekend? 7. Adam ama Gemma, ma lei non lo ama. 8. Non lavora a Londra tuo zio? 9. Sei sempre arrabbiata! Che cosa hai? 10. Guardi i film con o senza i sottotitoli?

1. Questo telefono non fa delle belle foto. 2. I miei genitori lavorano tanto quindi spesso li aiuto con i lavori di casa. 3. – Quanto spesso vai a judo? – Due volte alla settimana. 4. Non vanno mai in discoteca perché i loro genitori non li possono andare a prendere. 11

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2

4. i 5. s SEARCH...

Hi again! Well, like most teenagers I spend hours watching stuff1 on YouTube! I like loads of Youtubers but one of my favourites is Richard Williams, better known by his stage name12 Prince Ea – never heard of him? Well, he’s an American rapper, spoken word artist, music video director… sometimes he’s a bit controversial but I think he’s just awesome!! He was born in St Louis, Missouri, the youngest of three children and he graduated in Anthropology from the University of Missouri. He started his career as a hip-hop artist but then in 2014 he began to work as an inspiring speaker. His YouTube videos have received more than 2 billion views and more than 25 million subscribers. His videos include

topics3 such as environmentalism, race, work-life balance, school… interesting stuff! He often talks to high school and university students about living your passion and the importance of being motivated in the classroom. One of my favourite videos is “Dear Future Generations: Sorry” – it’s a really powerful video about climate change and it got more than 29 million views in the first 48 hours! Can you believe it?? In the video he apologises to future generations for the harm we have caused to the planet – he talks in particular about deforestation and destruction of our environment. He created “Stand for Trees” – it is an online initiative created to combat climate change through crowdfunding. Definitely food for thought4! Must go! See you soon

vocabulary Get social! 1. Match the words to their definitions. 1. □ emoticons 2. □ viral 3. □ social media avatar 4. □ app 5. □ crowdfunding 6. □ cloud computing 7. □ troll 8. □ meme 9. □ vlog 10. □ blog

a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j.

4

Your identity in social media. Short for weblog where you can find articles about a certain topic. Funny pieces of text, videos or images that go viral and users create and share their own variations. When you save documents and files in a virtual space where you can access all your files from anywhere. When a group of people come together to help others raise money for projects. Symbols which represent the expression on somebody’s face – they help the reader understand the writer’s emotions. Examples are WhatsApp and Facebook. Some of these are free but you have to pay for others. People who constantly harass and contact other people. Short for videoweblog or videoblog. There are a lot on YouTube. When a lot of people have seen the content of a video and shared it with others.

2. Fill in the gaps with one of the words in exercise 1. Then listen and check.

1. You can download the Coronavirus 2. Will Smith publishes loads of

from Google store. about his family, his vacations and his films.

3. The video of that dog singing went 4. I love the 5. I use

– it got 10 million views in a week!

of a hug – I use it a lot! to save all my files without filling up the computer.

6. You should report those kids if they’re bullying you online – they’re 7. To get people to visit your

!!

, share the link on social media.

8. The students presented a really interesting project and it was all financed by 13 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

.

STEP

2

games & idioms

Technology 1. Find words which match the following definitions and then look for them in the wordsearch. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

A small programme that will cause problems with your computer. A person who is enthusiastic about using technology. The initial page of a site on the World Wide Web. A name used to identify yourself. A list of answers to common questions about a product or service. The most widely used one is Google Chrome. A secret word or expression to prove identity. A person who is afraid of using technological devices. Something which is available in electronic form. To enter a system. Something which allows you to jump to a new location when you click on it. When you are linked to a computer you are… A large computer network. A small amount of data generated by a website. Junk e-mail or unwanted postings.

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skills & culture Reading

#Instagram As we all know Instagram is one of the most downloaded apps nowadays with people from all over the world sharing photos every second of the day. But do you know how this app came about1 in the first place? Well, Instagram was created in 2010 by Kevin Systrom, a computer programmer and American entrepreneur2, and Mike Krieger, a software engineer and Brazilian entrepreneur. They created a photo sharing app after working on a program called Burbn, and they named it Instagram, a blend of the words Instant Camera and Telegram. Instagram was launched on October 6, 2010 for the iPhone, and after only two months, the app had over 1 million users. They post Polaroid-like photos that can be tweaked3 with filters, and they can also share videos (maximum length 15 seconds). In November 2011, the Hashtag Weekend Project was created: users could use a certain hashtag each weekend. They chose a photo from these hashtags to share on their own profiles. Then in April 2012, Instagram was bought by Facebook and by July of 2012, Instagram had gained4 80 million more users. More filters and

features were added like Photo Maps, Mobile Photo Pages and Web Profiles. Here are some interesting statistics about Instagram: – every day more than 500 million people log onto their Instagram accounts; – 64% of users are aged between 18 and 34 and they spend on average an hour browsing and interacting with new posts; – the highest concentration of users is in the USA at 116 million users, followed by India at 73 million users and Brazil at 72 million users; – on average, 16 billion photos are shared daily, 55 million photos posted, and 1.2 billion likes every single day. Instagram’s history is just beginning. It is not just a fad5; it’s an app for the ages! 1. came about_nacque 2. entrepreneur_ imprenditore

3. tweaked_modificato 4. gained_guadagnato 5. fad_moda passeggera

1. True (T) or false (F)? Correct the false statements. 1. Systrom and Krieger are both computer programmers. 2. Burbn was the original name of the app before it was called Instagram. 3. Only videos that are shorter than 15 seconds can be posted on Instagram. 4. After Instagram was sold to Facebook the number of users increased to 80 million. 5. Almost two thirds of users are under the age of 35.

2. Find the words in the text which match the following definitions. 1. transferred from one location to another 2. a person who starts a business 3. changed, altered 4. a word or phrase with # in front of it 5. looking through something 6. something that people are interested in only for a short period of time 15 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

T

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STEP

2

The present continuous AFFIRMATIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM

Soggetto + simple present di to be + forma in -ing del verbo

Soggetto + simple present di to be + not + forma in -ing del verbo

We’re having a party to celebrate the end of school.

Anna isn’t working today. It’s her day off.

INTERROGATIVE FORM

INTERROGATIVE-NEGATIVE FORM

Simple present di to be + soggetto + forma in -ing del verbo

Simple present di to be + soggetto + not + forma in -ing del verbo

Are you going out with Dave?

Are you not (Aren’t you) coming to the Spanish lesson this evening?

• Il present continuous si forma con il simple present di be + la forma in -ing del verbo. Questa si ottiene aggiungendo -ing alla forma base del verbo (go ➞ going) e apportando le seguenti modifiche ortografiche:

• Il present continuous si usa – per esprimere un’azione che si sta svolgendo nel momento in cui si parla I can’t come out. I’m tidying my bedroom. Non posso uscire. Sto mettendo in ordine la mia camera.

– nei verbi che terminano con una consonante preceduta da una sola vocale accentata, la consonante raddoppia

– per parlare di un’azione temporanea, anche se non si svolge nel momento esatto in cui si parla

cut ➞ cutting stop ➞ stopping

I’m watching a really good TV series, it’s called Skam. Sto guardando una bellissima serie TV, si chiama Skam.

– per parlare di un’azione già programmata per il futuro

– nei verbi che terminano in -l, la l raddoppia quando è preceduta da una sola vocale

I’m not playing tennis this afternoon – it’s raining!

cancel ➞ cancelling control ➞ controlling

Non gioco a tennis questo pomeriggio. Piove!

– nei verbi che terminano in -ie, la ie si trasforma in y tie ➞ tying lie ➞ lying

ATTENZIONE!

Normalmente non si usa il present continuous con i verbi che esprimono:

– nei verbi che terminano in -e, la e cade increase ➞ increasing change ➞ changing

– percezione (to hear, to see, to taste, to smell, to feel) – conoscenza (to know, to think, to understand) – sentimento (to love, to like, to hate) – volontà, preferenza (to want, to prefer) – stato, condizione (to be, to belong, to seem)

Short answers AFFIRMATIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM

Yes, I am. Yes, he/she/it is. Yes, we/you/they are.

No, I’m not. No, he/she/it isn’t. No, we/you/they aren’t.

• Nelle short answers alla forma affermativa, il verbo essere non va mai usato nella forma contratta. Are you Italian? Yes, I am. Are these your jeans? Yes, they are. Are they your friends? No, they aren’t. Is that you dad? No, he isn’t.

16 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

grammar 1. Choose the correct form.

2. Write the correct form of the present continuous.

1. Listen to the kids – they argue / are arguing again!

1. – What

2. – This milk smells / is smelling strange. – Perhaps it’s off.

(the cat, do) on

the roof?

3. Please be quiet! I listen / am listening to the news!

– It

4. Charlie gets up / is getting up early on weekdays but today is Sunday and he still sleeps / is still sleeping.

2. –

(try) to catch a bird! (Tyler, sleep)?

– No, she

(get) ready to

go to school.

5. Roger usually plays / is usually playing tennis very well but tonight he doesn’t play / isn’t playing very well at all!

3. – Where’s Jason? – He’s in his room, he

6. – Aren’t you going / Don’t you go to netball practice today? – No, I’ve got too much schoolwork!

(download) a film. 4. – What

(your parents, watch)?

– A documentary on Netflix about climate change.

7. Iris usually finishes / is finishing work at 6.00 but it’s 7.00 and she still works / is still working because she has to finish a project.

5. –

(girls, not, do) their

homework?

8. – What do we have / are we having for dinner this evening? – Cottage pie! You know we always have / are having cottage pie on Fridays!

– No, they

(post) photos

on Instagram! 6. Oh no! The dog

(chase) the

hamster again.

9. – Do you read / Are you reading a lot? – Yes, at the moment I read / am reading a science fiction book.

7. Tony and his brother

(play)

football in the living room again!

10. – Why don’t you eat / aren’t you eating? – Because we aren’t hungry.

8. –

(they, go) to the beach?

– Yes, but I

11. Hurry up! Everybody waits / is waiting for you!

I

12. Listen to Leo! What language is he speaking / does he speak?

9. We

(not, go)… (stay) at home. (not, eat) in the garden

this evening, it

13. Nobody believes / is believing that Andy is 70 years old!

(rain).

10. Hurry up… the bus

(come)!

-ing form as a noun • Questa forma si può rendere in italiano con l’infinito sostantivato o con un sostantivo.

• La forma in -ing si usa anche come sostantivo in funzione di soggetto o complemento oggetto, soprattutto per esprimere un’attività.

➞ Dipingere è rilassante. ➞ Mi piace andare a cavallo e giocare a golf. ➞ È vietato tuffarsi.

Painting is a relaxing hobby. I like horse-riding and playing golf. No diving.

healthy is important.

reading • chilling • driving • smoking • listening • keeping • travelling • swimming 1. I enjoy

fit and

2. I think that

3. Fill in the blanks with the -ing forms from the box.

is not allowed in public

3. places.

4. One of the most complete sports is

with my friends

.

on Saturday evenings. 17 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP

2 in city centres can be

5. really dangerous.

way to learn about other cultures. to Michael Bublé’s

6.

is the best

7. I think that

in bad light damages

8.

songs makes me feel relaxed.

your eyes.

Possessive ’s • La relazione di possesso in inglese viene espressa con il genitivo sassone (possessive ’s o possessive case):

• Se il nome del possessore è una parola composta o i possessori sono più di uno, si aggiunge ’s all’ultima parola. my mother-in-law’s cat

possessore + apostrofo + s + cosa posseduta

il gatto di mia suocera

Betty and David’s Porsche

Alice’s sandals

la Porsche di Betty e David

i sandali di Alice

Michael’s costume

• Il genitivo sassone si usa anche con i luoghi e nelle espressioni di tempo.

il costume di Michael

the children’s trainers

Rome’s tourist attractions

le scarpe da ginnastica dei ragazzi

le attrazioni turistiche di Roma

New York’s theatres

• Si aggiunge solo l’apostrofo quando il possessore è un nome plurale che termina in -s.

i teatri di New York

the girls’ bags

last week’s lesson

le borse delle ragazze

la lezione della settimana scorsa

the teachers’ registers

yesterday’s newspaper

i registri degli insegnanti

il giornale di ieri

I’ve got two weeks’ holiday.

• Quando il possessore è costituito da un nome proprio che termina in -s si aggiunge di solito ’s.

Ho due settimane di vacanza.

Ross’s bike la bicicletta di Ross

4. Write the correct form.

5. Put in the apostrophe if necessary.

1. What a mess! The (children)

1. – Who is that girl over there? – It’s Anna – she’s Steve and Pauls sister.

shoes are all over the place. 2. The (Jones)

2. New Zealands prime minister is very popular

dog never stops

barking, it’s a real nuisance.

3. Jims friends sisters are really good at swimming.

3. Have you still got last (week)

4. It’s about two hours drive to Manchester.

issue of “Time”?

5. My mums cousins are from Edinburgh.

4. Helen went to the (doctor)

6. The bus stop is near St. Pauls Cathedral.

yesterday afternoon. 5. (Britain)

7. In Italy we have got three months holiday in the summer. In England they are off school for only six weeks.

weather is very

changeable. 6. (Tomorrow)

match is at

8. – How far do you live from Howarths house? – Oh, its only about five minutes walk.

14.30. 18

EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

grammar 6. Read the following text and choose the correct word(s) for each space.

What you probably didn’t know about

Mark Zuckerberg Mark Zuckerberg is one of the most famous CEOS in the world, and what he has achieved is amazing. a fortune and is continuing to change how the world communicates. He (1) life. Here are some interesting facts about Mark (2) the same grey Facebook T-shirt every morning – he’s extremely busy and – He (3) a whopping1 300 to 400 dollars! it saves him time. The iconic grey T-shirt (4) Hungarian n sheepdog, has his own Facebook – Beast, (5) page with more than 2 million fans. he is a vegetarian rian but among his likes on his – He (6) and In-N-Out Burger. Facebook page are (7) – He has red-green colour blindness2. The colourr he sees best is blue, which colour scheme. is why blue dominates (8) annual salary as CEO is 1 USD. – (9) – Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan’s marriage was a surprise for family and friends. They thought they were going to (10) medical school graduation but in reality it was wedding! (11) – Zuckerberg is one of (12) richest people. 1. whopping_enorme

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

5

2. colour blindness_daltonismo

a have a Zuckerberg’s a is wearing a costs a his a is saying a McDonald a Facebooks’ a Her a Chans a them a American

b is having b Zuckerbergs b wears b cost b its b says b Mc Donald’s b Facebook b His b Chan’s b they b America

c has c Zuckerbergs’ c wearing c is costing c it’s c say c McDonalds c Facebook’s c Its c Chan c their c America’s

7. Translate the following sentences. Then listen and check.

1. – Questi occhiali da sole sono di Beth? – No, sono i miei! 2. Camminare sulla spiaggia è molto rilassante! 3. Imparare tutta questa grammatica non è molto facile! 4. Sto cercando le mie chiavi di casa. Sai dove sono? 5. Stare seduti ore e ore davanti al computer non fa bene agli occhi.

6. Dov’è il vestito rosso di Jess? Vado a un matrimonio e lo voglio mettere! 7. – Perché correte? – L'autobus sta arrivando! Sbrigati! 8. Non credo che sia la macchina dei Becker. La loro è bianca. 9. Perché il treno si ferma? Di solito non si ferma qui. 10. – Che cosa fai? – Sto facendo una torta al cioccolato. Vuoi aiutarmi? 19

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Kilts and sporrans! Think “Scotland”… and you will probably imagine three things: haggis (I’ll tell you all about that later in another blog), bagpipes and kilts! OK, I know they are stereotypes, but they are part of Scotland’s national identity. Did you know that kilts originated in the Highlands of Scotland back in 1583? They were worn by “clans” – family tribes who farmed1 the land… and quite often fought against each other too! They wore kilts because the Scottish weather was so wet it wasn’t very practical to wear trousers. Kilts are made of tartan… “What is tartan?” you may ask! Well, it’s a fabric2 made of horizontal and vertical stripes3 in different colours… and there are hundreds of different types. Some people believe that a “true kilt” must contain eight yards4 of cloth, no more, no less. However, lots of kiltmakers now make kilts with just six, seven or eight yards of cloth. Still lots of fabric though! Scottish men often wear a sporran with a kilt (“sporran” is the Gaelic word for “purse”5),

3. a 4. a 5. t SEARCH...

ѣ

and a sgian dubh (pronounced “skee-an doo”) a small dagger6 which they put in their sock. Both men and women wear kilts on special occasions; at weddings, at the Highland Games (events held in spring and summer to celebrate Scottish and Celtic culture), and “Hogmanay” (Scottish New Year). One last thing… many people around the world think that Scotsmen don’t wear anything under their kilt. Of course every man is different… the only way to find out is to ask him!

vocabulary Looking good! 1. Complete the words.

1.

□L□□□S

6. H

□□D□□

□H□R□

13.

6

2. □ H □ E □

7. D

□□□S

3. T □ □ □ S □ □ S

8. C

11. T

□A□N□□S

14. F

□□P

F

□S□□M□

□□PS

12.

15. S

4.

9. P

□□I□T

5.

□L□O□E□

□A□K□T

10. T-S

□□R□

□□T

□O□□S

16.

□OA□

17.

□O□T□

2. Read the text and write the correct word. Then listen and check. new message

To: Hi Tommaso! Thanks for writing back so quickly – lovely to hear from you! In your last mail you asked me about our school uniform here in Scotland. You said you don’t wear a uniform in Italy. Lucky you!! We have to wear a uniform and the We can’t wear trainers to school – I have to wear black or brown (1) s , no shorts! boys wear black (2) t and we all have to wear a blue (4) p . The girls wear a black (3) s instead of a skirt and shirt. My little sister In the summer the girls can wear a (5) d hates it! It’s a horrible shade of green! and a white We also have a PE kit at school – a pair of red (6) s . (7) T. When we have swimming galas we wear the school swimming (8) c Write soon! XOXOXO Mike 21 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP

3

games & idioms

Dressed to kill! 1. Work out the meaning of the idioms from the context. Match each idiom with the expressions from the box. 1.

□

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

□ □ □ □ □

7. 8. 9. 10.

□ □ □ □

I can’t remember where I put my passport. I’ll have to put my thinking cap on. Put yourself in her shoes! She lost her job last week! You can see that his wife wears the trousers in that house. My sister was dressed to kill on her birthday! I love this dress. It fits me like a glove! The Liverpool fans went crazy when Firmino scored a hat trick in the final. Put a sock in it please! I’m tired of you complaining all the time! I don’t trust her. She’s a wolf in sheep’s clothing. Tell the children to sit down! It’s like they’ve got ants in their pants. Alice will have to pull her socks up if she wants to pass the exam.

a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j.

think hard seems good but I think she’s dangerous can’t sit still work harder fits me perfectly be quiet imagine what it’s like to be in her situation three goals is the boss wearing really nice clothes

2. Choose the correct idiom from exercise 1 to complete the sentences. 1. The kids were arguing so much that I told them to . and try to solve the problem. 2. You should in the final and his team won 4-2. 3. Saunders scored a in that house. 4. Bill seems very bossy but it’s his wife who if we want to win the championship. 5. The coach told us to 22 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

skills & culture Reading

CITIZENSHIP

Throwaway fashion When shoppers entered the H&M store in London last summer the first thing they saw was a dark blue flowery dress on sale for just £4. It also had a green label1 with the word “CONSCIOUS”, a sustainable fashion collection. Just a little further on was a recycling box where you could drop2 clothes you don’t want.

Inditex (the owner of Zara) and operates in 62 countries. Unfortunately, the impact that “fast fashion” has on the planet is disastrous. One full garbage truck of clothes is burned3 or sent to a landfill4 every second! The fashion industry produces nearly 4 billion metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions, 8.1% of the world’s total. And did you know that it takes 2,700 litres of water to make just ONE cotton T-shirt? And that in the process about 5kg of CO2 are emitted?

H&M is one of several famous high street stores with sustainability programmes which encourage customers to take their unwanted clothes back to the shop for reuse. It hopes to eliminate the use of dangerous chemicals in the manufacture of its products and promises to use 100% recycled or sustainable materials by 2030. But is it too late?

So, maybe it’s time to ask ourselves, “Do I really need 20 cheap T-shirts which probably won’t last and I’ll throw away ? Maybe it’s better to pay a little more and just have four or five which will last longer?”.

H&M is a Swedish clothes store founded back in 1947 and it is famous for its low prices, rapid consumption and changing trends. It is the second largest retailer in the world, just behind

1. label_etichetta 2. drop_lasciare

1. True (T) or false (F)? Correct the false statements. 1. “CONSCIOUS “ is the name of a dress on sale at H&M. 2. You can take clothes that you don’t wear to H&M stores for reuse. 3. H&M is the world’s largest retailer. 4. H&M only use 100% recycled materials. 5. Fast fashion is having a negative impact on our planet.

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

2. Complete the following sentences using the information in the box. 62 • 2030 • 4 • 2,700 • 1947 1. The dress in H&M stores last summer cost just £ . H&M aim to use recycled or sustainable materials. 2. By the year . 3. The store was founded in countries. 4. You can find branches of H&M in litres of water are required. 5. To make one T-shirt over 23 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

3. burned_bruciato 4. landfill_discarica

3

STEP

The simple past To be AFFIRMATIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM

I/He/She/It was You/We/They were

I/He/She/It wasn’t You/We/They weren’t

INTERROGATIVE FORM

INTERROGATIVENEGATIVE FORM

Was I/he/she/it? Were you/we/they?

Wasn’t I/he/she/it? Weren’t you/we/they?

• Il simple past si usa per parlare di azioni o situazioni collocate in un preciso momento nel passato. Roberta was in Milan yesterday for a school project. Roberta era a Milano ieri per un progetto scolastico.

Were you out last night? Eri fuori la notte scorsa?

1.

5. 6. –

you all at that new burger bar last night?

– Most of us

, it

cloudy every day!

many people at the match on

Sunday. Only about 50. 8. It

at school this morning! Where you? – I

! It

7. There

very well, so he

there. 3. – You

the weather good for your holiday?

– No, it

fantastic!

Unfortunately, Jim

your sisters at Kylie’s party last Friday night?

that your dad at the library this afternoon?

2. –

your mum born?

4. Where

1. Complete the sentences with was/were or wasn’t/weren’t.

my grandad’s birthday yesterday –

that’s why I

at the dentist’s.

at football practice.

Regular verbs AFFIRMATIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM

Soggetto + forma base del verbo + -ed

Soggetto + didn’t + forma base del verbo

Hannah passed all her exams easily.

They didn’t play tennis because the weather was awful.

INTERROGATIVE FORM

INTERROGATIVE-NEGATIVE FORM

Did + soggetto + forma base del verbo

Didn’t + soggetto + forma base del verbo

Did it rain during the night?

Didn’t we see that film at the cinema last year?

Variazioni ortografiche

• Si raddoppia la consonante finale nei verbi: – monosillabici che terminano con una sola consonante preceduta da una sola vocale clap ➞ clapped

• I verbi che terminano con: – -e aggiungono la d like ➞ liked – -y preceduta da consonante trasformano la y in i tidy ➞ tidied

– bisillabici terminanti con una consonante preceduta da una sola vocale e con l’accento sull’ultima sillaba prefer ➞ preferred – bisillabici che terminano in -l preceduta da una sola vocale control ➞ controlled 24

EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

grammar 2. Write the correct form of the verb (affirmative or negative). Choose from the box.

3. Last night I o’clock in the morning! 4. My mum

work • know • watch • like • listen • arrive • disturb • study • be (x 3) • travel • enjoy

2. They

6. We

myself!

7. I

a train strike.

• Il simple past dei verbi irregolari è la seconda forma del paradigma del verbo. In alcuni casi è uguale al participio passato. INFINITIVE

SIMPLE PAST

PAST PARTICIPLE

go

went

gone

buy

bought

bought

I didn’t have time to go to the museum, it closed at 6.30. Non ho avuto tempo di andare al museo, ha chiuso alle 18.30.

Didn’t you do the KET exam last year? Non hai fatto l’esame KET l’anno scorso?

4. Write the questions. Look at the example. – What did they do on Saturday evening? – They went for a pizza. 1. –

go • see • get • drink • sleep • pay • be • send • buy • have

2. – 3. –

a beautiful pair of shoes

4. –

a really good TV series during

5. –

?

– He bought a scooter with his savings.

too much coffee yesterday. I

6. –

?

– I got home at midnight.

(you) a mail to the head teacher

7. –

about the exams?

7. I

?

– We saw Jennifer Aniston in Sardinia.

at all last night!

6. What

?

– We stayed in Rome for four days.

lockdown. It’s called “When They See Us”.

5.

?

– They were born in Florence.

windy.

in the summer sales.

4. I

?

– There were 600 students at the end-of-year party!

to the beach on Saturday because

2. My mum

3. I

her.

Hai comprato quel telefono nel nuovo negozio nel centro commerciale?

3. Complete the sentences using a verb from the box in the correct form (affirmative, negative or interrogative).

it

she was busy, so I

Did you buy that phone at the new store in the mall?

cost

cost

1. I

this afternoon, we

• Le forme interrogativa, negativa e interrogativanegativa si costruiscono come nei verbi regolari.

Irregular verbs

cost

terrible!

to music instead!

at school this morning at 10

o’clock because there

that new pizzeria at all. The

pizzas

all summer at a beach restaurant. It hard work but I

to lots of countries as a

student. 5. We

1. I

television until two

?

– I played football four times a week when I was younger.

(he) for his birthday? enough cash so I

8. –

by credit card.

– He travelled through Europe by bicycle. 25 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

?

STEP

3

The past continuous AFFIRMATIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM

I/He/She/It + was + forma in -ing del verbo You/We/They + were + forma in -ing del verbo

I/He/She/It + wasn’t + forma in -ing del verbo You/We/They + weren’t + forma in -ing del verbo

When I called her she was having lunch.

You weren’t listening – that’s why you don’t understand!

INTERROGATIVE FORM

INTERROGATIVE-NEGATIVE FORM

Was + I/he/she/it + forma in -ing del verbo Were + we/you/they + forma in -ing del verbo

Wasn’t + I/he/she/it + forma in -ing del verbo Weren’t + we/you/they + forma in -ing del verbo

How fast were you driving when the police stopped you?

Wasn’t she waiting for you at the station?

• Il past continuous si usa per parlare di ciò che stava accadendo in un determinato momento nel passato.

She wasn’t paying attention so she didn’t know how to do the exercise. Non prestava attenzione quindi non sapeva come fare l’esercizio.

I was sending a message to my friend when the teacher walked into the room.

What were you doing this time last year?

Stavo inviando un messaggio a un mio amico quando l’insegnante è entrato in classe.

Che cosa stavi facendo a quest’ora l’anno scorso?

5. Complete the following sentences using the correct form of the past continuous.

6. Simple past or past continuous? Choose the correct alternative.

1. I (not, post) pictures on Instagram when you called me, I (read) a book for school! 2. He (have) a shower when the water went cold. 3. Who (you, wait) for when I saw you outside the judo club yesterday? 4. They (chat) outside school when the accident happened. 5. As usual the students (not, listen) to the teacher.

1. The boys played / were playing football when Harry kicked / was kicking the ball and it hit / was hitting the window. 2. She was sunbathing / sunbathed in the garden when a bee stung / was stinging her. 3. Did you enjoy / Were you enjoying the canal tour of Amsterdam? 4. This time last week I was lying / lay on a tropical beach. 5. She was listening / listened to music so she didn’t hear / wasn’t hearing the doorbell.

Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns • I dimostrativi sono this (“questo/a”), that (“quello/a”), these (“questi/e”), those (“quelli/e”). Possono essere usati sia come aggettivi che come pronomi.

Demonstrative adjectives

Demonstrative pronouns

This phone is mine.

This is my English teacher.

Questo telefono è mio.

Questo/a è il mio/la mia insegnante di inglese.

That boy over there is my boyfriend.

Is that your new school?

Quel ragazzo laggiù è il mio fidanzato.

È quella la tua nuova scuola?

Did you make those biscuits?

These are my birthday presents.

Hai fatto tu quei biscotti?

Questi sono i miei regali di compleanno.

These shoes are horrible!

Those are my schoolfriends.

Queste scarpe sono orribili!

Quelli sono i miei compagni di scuola.

26 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

grammar 7. Complete the sentences with this, that, these, those. 1. Aberystwyth?? Where’s

6. Who is

lady over there with your

mum?

?

2. Is the English exam tomorrow? Yes,

Lionel Messi?

5. Look over there! Isn’t

7. Hey Michelle! Is

’s

your e-book? It

was in the bathroom!

right.

8. Where are

cherries are delicious;

3. Yummy!!

where did you buy them? 4. How much are

books I lent you last

week? 9. – Ann,

boots over there in

is Leo.

– Hi, Leo! Nice to meet you!

the window?

step it up 8. Read the following text and choose the right word(s) for each space. pace.

Gate crashers Last August Mr and Mrs Benson (1) to go away for a few days and leave their daughter Ellen alone. for her final exams at university. She (2) to be alone though so her parents She (3) invite a few friends round. said she (4) ited lots of As soon as her parents left the house Ellen picked up the phone and organised a party! She invited themselves when, unfortunately, things started to go wrong. people and everyone (5) arrived. They (7) Suddenly a lot of people that Ellen (6) masks and they started to throw1 food all over the place. Ellen (8)

her parents who had to come home early

from their holiday. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

7

a was deciding a studied a wasn’t wanting a could a were enjoying a knew a wear a were calling

b were deciding b was studying b didn’t want b can b enjoyed b knows b were wearing b called

1. throw_ lanciare

c decided c studied c wanted c didn’t c was enjoying c didn’t know c wears c was calling

9. Translate the following sentences. Then listen and check.

1. Ho visto Jacopo ieri pomeriggio al centro commerciale ma lui non mi ha visto. Stava chiacchierando con i suoi amici. 2. Questa borsa è la mia, quella è la tua! 3. Mentre Federica stava nuotando in mare qualcuno ha rubato il suo asciugamano. 4. Quelle ragazze laggiù sono le mie compagne di squadra.

5. Il criceto è scappato mentre pulivo la sua gabbia. 6. Perché hai buttato quella rivista? La stavo ancora leggendo! 7. Questa pasta è deliziosa! Come l’hai fatta? 8. Stavamo facendo la lezione di inglese quando è mancata la luce! 9. Stavo prendendo il sole quando improvvisamente ha inizato a piovere! 27

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Skam!! Are you a Netflix fan? I am!! I adore it and I watch loads of TV series… old ones like Friends, Twin Peaks… and ALL the new ones! At the moment, I’m watching Skam – it’s so cool! As you probably already know it’s a Norwegian teen drama that was a viral hit on YouTube before it became a huge1 hit on Netflix. What’s so great about Skam? Well, each season concentrates on the story of one character – the first season was about Eva and her complicated relationship with Jonas. She doesn’t trust her boyfriend and then, ironically, she cheats on5 him so they break up! Lots of themes are explored in the first series like identity, loneliness and relationships. It's something we teenagers can really identify with…

I also really enjoyed the second season which concentrated on another character, Noora. She’s a really intelligent, confident girl but she meets a boy, William, who is really goodlooking but he has a “bad boy” reputation

4. s

vocabulary What’s on? 1. Write the kind of programme under the pictures. a cookery programme • a makeover programme • a reality show • a TV series • a game show • a cartoon • a documentary • a talk show • a sitcom • the news

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

8.

7.

8

9.

10.

2. Read the definitions and write the kind of programme. Then listen and check.

1. a television film in which the characters are drawn 2. a television or radio show that shows real people in real situations 3. a programme with famous chefs who teach people how to cook 4. a funny TV series 5. a programme which gives information about recent events 6. a TV show with a never-ending story to keep the audience interested 7. a programme with competitive games 8. a show in which a host interviews guests, especially celebrities 29 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP

4

games & idioms

TV 1. Read the clues and solve the crossword. Across 4. A famous cookery programme. .

7. America’s got

8. The part an actor plays in a TV series or film. 9. A programme which is part of a series. 10. The story of a film. .

11. Game of

12. All the actors and actresses in a film. Down 1. House of

.

2

1

V. 2. A person who watches TV. tegrated internet 3. These televisions have integrated and interactive Web 2.0 features. eatures.

3 4

5

5. The text translated into another language and shown on the screen.. 6. The device used to control ol a TV.

6 8

7

9 10 11 12

2. Choose the best kind of programme to complete the sentences. sentences 1. – Why are you laughing so loudly? – I’m watching a a comedy programme b a makeover programme 2. I love Spongebob – it’s one of my favourite a sitcoms b cartoons 3. “Who wants to be a Billionaire?” is a very popular a quiz show b talk show . 4. “The Crown” is a really excellent a sitcom b game show 5. National Geographic broadcast some superb a reality shows b documentaries

. c the news . c game shows . c reality show c TV series

. c news programmes

30 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

skills & culture

A TV

project John Logie Baird during the first televised pictures.

Listening 9 1. Listen to Natalie talking about a project she did with her classmates about television. True (T) of false (F)? Correct the false statements. 1. Natalie did the project on her own. 2. John Logie Baird was the first man to televise pictures of objects. 3. The BBC stopped broadcasting the day after Britain declared war on Germany. 4. Panasonic made a 152-inch TV in 2012. 5. Sony’s pocket-sized television has a screen the size of a smartphone. 6. The Poles watch more television than the Italians.

9

2. Now listen again and fill in the spaces.

1. John Logie Baird first televised pictures on

, 1925.

2. The BBC didn’t broadcast for almost

years during the Second World War.

3. When the BBC returned in 1946 the first programme they broadcast was a 4. The 152-inch screen made by Panasonic costs 5. The

.

watch TV for about 270 minutes a day. 31 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

.

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

STEP

4

The future form Be going to AFFIRMATIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM

Soggetto + simple present di to be + going to + forma base del verbo

Soggetto + simple present di to be + not + going to + forma base del verbo

I’m going to see the dentist tomorrow.

Nicole isn’t going to work this summer.

INTERROGATIVE FORM

INTERROGATIVE-NEGATIVE FORM

Simple present di to be + soggetto + going to + forma base del verbo

Simple present di to be + not + soggetto + going to + forma base del verbo

Are you going to take the PET next year?

Aren’t they going to tell you what happened?

• Il futuro con be going to si usa per esprimere:

Isn’t she going to visit her grandma next week?

– un’intenzione; corrisponde all’espressione italiana “avere intenzione di…”

Non andrà (Non ha intenzione di andare) a trovare sua nonna settimana prossima?

Philip’s going to be a computer engineer. Philip diventerà (ha intenzione di diventare) un ingegnere informatico.

– una previsione sulla base di ciò che accade nel presente; corrisponde all’espressione italiana “stare per…” o “essere sul punto di…”

Carla isn’t going to study at university.

Take an umbrella! It’s going to rain!

Carla non studierà (non ha intenzione di studiare) all’università.

Prendi un ombrello! Sta per piovere!

Are you going to go bungee jumping this afternoon?

Look! That little girl is going to fall off her bike!

Andrai (Hai intenzione di andare) a fare bungee jumping oggi pomeriggio?

Guarda! Quella ragazzina sta per cadere dalla bicicletta!

1. Complete the sentences using the correct form of be going to and one of the verbs in the box.

3. The big match is on TV this evening. (you)

4. What (your sister)

study • lie down • look for • miss • buy • watch • wear • make

5. I'm really tired. I 6. (your brother)

lasagne and trifle.

2. What (you)

at university? for a couple of

hours.

1. – What’s for dinner? –I

it?

7. I

to the end-of-school

a job after school?

a present for my mum on Saturday,

it’s her birthday.

party?

8. Oh no – it’s late! We

the train!

Will AFFIRMATIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM

Soggetto + will (’ll) + forma base del verbo

Soggetto + will not (won’t) + forma base del verbo

I’ll do my homework after lunch.

Sue won’t be at school next week.

INTERROGATIVE FORM

INTERROGATIVE-NEGATIVE FORM

Will + soggetto + forma base del verbo

Will not (won’t) + soggetto + forma base del verbo

– Will you be here tomorrow morning? – Yes, I will. / – No, I won’t.

Won’t you be at the meeting tomorrow?

32 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

grammar • Il futuro con will si usa per esprimere: – una previsione; spesso sono presenti avverbi come probably, possibly, certainly

– una certezza su fatti che accadranno nel futuro, non dipendenti dalla nostra volontà

Liverpool will probably win the league. They’ve got some of the best players in the world.

I’ll be 17 in July. Compirò 17 anni in luglio.

Il Liverpool probabilmente vincerà il campionato. Hanno alcuni tra i migliori giocatori del mondo.

– un’azione decisa sul momento – I’ve got a banging headache! – I’ll get you an aspirin.

– un’opinione personale; spesso è accompagnato dai verbi think, hope ecc. Do you think she will get a good mark?

– Ho un terribile mal di testa! – Ti darò un’aspirina.

Pensi che prenderà un bel voto?

2. Complete the sentences with will or won’t and one of the verbs in the box.

6. – Look! There’s been an accident! (call) the police – Oh, my god! I straight away! (be) cold this 7. Do you think that it evening? (you, invite) Sylvia to your party? 8. (wash) the car. It’s a bit dirty. 9. I think 10. – Why are you switching on your computer? (do) some research for school. – Because I

happen • pass • help • climb up • lose • be • have • give 1. If you don’t eat less you

weight.

2. The cat is on the roof. I

and see

what I can do. 3. I

a salad for lunch. I’m not very

hungry.

4. Complete the sentences using the verbs in the box in the correct form of will or be going to.

4. I’m so sorry I haven’t got my homework. The dog ate it! I promise it 5. I’m sure Sophie

again!

snow • study • get • go • paint • look for • buy • lend • be • have • make

you do this

exercise if you ask! 6. I don’t think Andie

1. – What do you want to eat? a toastie, please. – Oh, er… I 2. – I’ve got a really bad cough. to the chemist’s and get you –I some cough syrup if you like. you 3. Don’t ask Luke for money. He any. He’s really mean! an exercise bike. He’s saved up 4. He 200 euros! 5. – I’ve decided to paint my bedroom. (you) it? – Oh, what colour this weekend? 6. Do you think it I fancy going to the mountains! dinner. You go and have a 7. I shower and relax. a good mark. 8. I don’t think she She doesn’t study enough. at university when she 9. Kerry a job instead. leaves school. She at school tomorrow 10. I don’t think I morning. I don’t feel too good.

the exam.

7. Thanks for letting me use your camera. I it back to you on Monday, ok? 8. I’ve got an English lesson tomorrow afternoon at school so I

home till about 5 pm.

3. Complete the sentences using the correct form of will or be going to. 1. – I think I (go) kite-surfing this weekend. (come) with you. – Good idea! I 2. – Why are you putting on your coat? (get) a take-away for dinner. –I 3. Oh no! It’s 8 o’clock already! We (miss) the beginning of the film! 4. – I don’t understand this exercise at all! (ask) my son to – Don’t worry, I help you. He’s very good at English. 5. Abbey’s just bought some boxing gloves, she (take up) kick boxing. 33

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STEP

4 I’m not using the car this weekend so you can have it.

Present continuous • Il futuro con il present continuous si usa per parlare di un’azione già programmata.

Non userò la macchina questo fine settimana, quindi puoi prenderla.

5. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the present continuous. 1. My parents

6. Use the present continuous to ask information about the future.

(not, work) on

1. they / take part / the hip hop competition / on Saturday?

Monday. It’s August bank holiday. 2. There’s a meeting for the school trip tomorrow afternoon but I

(not, go).

3. We

2. How / they / get / to Sardinia?

(move) house at the end

of the month. 3. When / your boyfriend / leave?

4. Did you know about Holly? She (get) married next month! 5. We

(go out) for a meal this

evening with Tom. He

4. you / do / aquagym / this evening?

(leave)

for Zimbabwe on Sunday for six months. 6. – I

5. they / stay / at home / on Sunday?

(have) a barbecue on

Sunday. Can you come? (visit)

6. Ann / do / crossfit / later?

• Il futuro si esprime con il simple present quando parliamo di orari e programmi (trasporto pubblico, cinema, riunioni, ecc.).

The plane leaves at 15.45.

– I ’d love to but my cousins me this weekend.

Simple present L’aereo parte (partirà) alle 15.45.

What time does the film start tomorrow? A che ora comincia (comincerà) il film domani?

7. Present simple or present continuous? Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs in the box.

3. What time (the match) tomorrow? on the 30th

4. The art exhibition travel • start • arrive • go back • not use • come (x 2) • finish (x 2) • go • visit

next week –

September. I

with me?

(you) 1. When (you)

to school after

5. I can pick you up if you like. My mum

the summer? 2. Jim He

the car so I can have it! to see us tomorrow.

6. This film is terrible! What time (it)

by coach and the coach

7. Do you think you

at Lime Street at 14.50.

when you’re in Florence? 34

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? the Uffizi

grammar 8. Choose the correct alternative. 1. – What’s that? – It’s paint. I ’m going to paint / will paint my bedroom red! 2. – What will you have / do you have to eat? – Oh, er… I think I ‘ll have / ’m going to have a baked potato and salad. 3. – Where are you going / do you go this summer? – Mmm, not sure. I think we ’ll probably go / ’re probably going to Spain again. 4. – These documents are for Carol. – OK, I ’ll give / ’m giving them to her. I ’ll see / ’m seeing her later.

5. The English lessons start / are starting at 9.00. 6. I’ve bought the flowers I ’m going to plant / ’ll plant them tomorrow. 7. You look really stressed out. Sit down and I ’ll make / ’m going to make you a cup of tea! 8. – There’s no bread. – I know, I ’ll buy / ’m going to buy some now. 9. – Do you think we ’ll see / ’re seeing Alex before he ’s leaving / leaves for Australia? 10. – Somebody’s at the door and I’m having a shower! – It’s OK, I go / ’ll go!

step it up 9. Read the texts and choose the correct alternative.

Spend, spend, spend! Martin Norton, aged 19

Jenny Kingston, aged 21

I won $60,000 on the game show The Chase a couple of months ago and I’m still thinking about how to spend it! I’m at university so I think (1) I’ll put / I’m putting some money aside1 for my studies. This summer (2) I’m working / I work in a pub about 10 miles from home and since public transport isn’t very good where I live I think (3) I’ll get / I’m getting a new car or motorbike. My girlfriend and I (4) are going / go away at the end of the summer – not sure where yet, but I think we’ll go either to Spain or to Italy. One thing’s sure, (5) we’re going to stay / we stay in a 5 star hotel!! (6) I’ll have to do / I’m having to do some studying this summer before going back to university in October, too. Otherwise2 (7) I’m having to work / I’ll have to work hard when I get back and (8) I’m not being able / I won’t be able to enjoy myself with my friends!

I’ve just won £120,000 on Pointless, a really popular British TV quiz show!! I know exactly how (9) I’m going to spend / I’m spending my money… or at least some of it!! First of all, it’s my mum and dad’s 20th wedding anniversary so I’ve decided (10) I’m going to treat / I’ll treat them to a holiday. Tomorrow (11) I’m going to have / I’m having a look on a couple of websites and (12) I’ll probably book / I’m probably booking a long weekend for them in either Paris or Rome. Then I think (13) I’ll buy / I’m buying myself a scooter – mine’s old and keeps breaking down, so that’s the next thing on my list. What else? Well, (14) I’ll have to think / I think about it!! But in the meantime3 on Saturday (15) I’m having / I’ll have a party to celebrate and (16) I’m going to invite / I’ll invite all my friends!

1. aside_da parte 2. otherwise_altrimenti 3. in the meantime_nel frattempo

35 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP 5 HOME

I

MEDIA

I

let’s blog

ARCHIVE

I

ABOUT ME

I

SEARCH...

MY DIARY

ѣ

The “must tastes” of Scotland Hi again! Remember in one of my blogs I said I wanted to tell you about Scottish food? Well, here goes! If you ever get the chance to visit Scotland, don’t leave without trying these dishes! One of Scotland’s most iconic dishes is, of course, haggis… and I love it – it’s made of sheep’s liver, lungs1 and heart mixed with lots of spices and onion – all cooked inside a sheep’s stomach. I can hear you saying “Yuck! That’s disgusting!” but believe me, it’s absolutely divine – my favourite dish!

1. lungs_polmoni 2. porridge_piatto a base di fiocchi d’avena 3. deep fried_ fritto in parecchio olio 4. batter_pastella

Ever heard of porridge2? On cold winter mornings there’s nothing better than a bowl of hot porridge. Some like it sweet, others like it salty (I like it both ways). You can also add fresh fruit or nuts… it’s yummy! We all know what shortbread is – everybody loves these delicious buttery biscuits and they come in all shapes and sizes. I adore shortbread with chocolate and caramel – it’s called “Millionaire’s shortbread”.

We Scots love our shortbread with a cup of tea or coffee, and we often give it as a gift at Christmas or the New Year. And… what about deep fried3 Mars Bars?? You can go into any fish and chip shop in Scotland and ask for a fried Mars Bar… Yes, really!! The famous chocolate bar is covered in batter4 and then fried – it’s a yummy, chocolatey, sweet, beautiful dessert. Don’t like Mars Bars? No problem! Choose your favourite chocolate bar and they’ll fry it for you!! See you soon!! C

1. Write the name of the food.

1.

2.

3.

4.

2. Complete the sentences with the words in the box. salt • spices • shortbread • presents • batter • porridge • lungs • winter • sheep • fried • tea • nuts • butter • haggis • sizes • stomach 3. (10) biscuits are very famous. They and come in contain a lot of (11) . The Scots different shapes and (12) or love to eat them with a cup of (13) . coffee and often give them as (14) Mars Bars are very popular in 4. (15) and Scotland. They are covered in (16) then fried.

1. (1) is a typical Scottish food eaten when it’s very cold especially in the (2) or in Scotland! You can add either (3) . sugar, fruit or (4) is made with the liver, (6) 2. (5) . Onions and and heart of a (7) are added and it is all cooked in a (8) . sheep’s (9) 36

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vocabulary Food, glorious food! 1. Match the pictures to the words in the box. 1. omelette • 2. fruit salad • 3. sausage • 4. croissant • 5. takeaway • 6. curry • 7. soup • 8. cereal • 9. hard-boiled egg • 10. baked beans • 11. porridge • 12. roast dinner • 13. fish and chips • 14. afternoon tea • 15. full English breakfast • 16. stew • 17. cottage pie • 18. scones

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

j.

l.

m.

p.

q.

k.

n.

o.

2. Complete the sentences using one of these words: dish, food, meal, plate.

10 3. Complete the sentences. Then listen and check. 1. Burgers, kebabs and burritos are examples of f . f 2. Orangeade, lemonade and cola are types of d . f . 3. Beef, chicken and lamb are types of m 4. We eat lettuce, tomatoes, and spring onions in a . s . 5. Tuna, salmon and swordfish are types of f d . 6. Wine and beer and are a . 7. Courgettes, spinach and peppers are v f . 8. Cheese, yogurt and butter are d

1. You should always brush your teeth after every . 2. I’m a big fan of Italian 3. The dog licked the 4. This

. clean. is called “cacio e pepe” –

it is typical of Rome. 5. The

in that restaurant is

delicious! 6. Pass me your

r.

if you want some

more! 37

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STEP

5

games & idioms

Food 1. Read the clues and solve the crossword. Across is very popular in Italy now. 1. Japanese 3. Typical Indian spice. 5. Food ordered and made in a restaurant, then taken home to eat. and chips is one of Britain’s favourite takeaway meals. 6. 10. A typical Scottish dish for breakfast. 12. You put your food on this. 1 is pasta all’Amatriciana. 13. A typical Italian Down 1. A dish made with eggs. 3. Many British people eat this for breakfast with milk. ato sauce. 4. White beans cooked in a tomato 7. A sort of cake. salad – a dessert. ssert. 8. day d 9. There are three of these in a day. rre e food. 11.. Burgers, chips and hot dogss a are 6

2

3

4 5

7 8

9

10 11 11 12 13

2. Work out the meaning of the idioms from the context. Match each idiom with one of the expressions from the box. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

□ □ □ □ □

6.

□

Opera is not really my cup of tea – I much prefer jazz. The twins are like two peas in a pod. That exam was a piece of cake – I finished in 30 minutes! You’re such a couch potato – get up and do some exercise! It started really well but then it all went pear-shaped and we lost 7-3. The two sisters are as different as chalk and cheese. 38 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

a. b. c. d. e. f.

a lazy person something very easy went unexpectedly wrong very similar opposites not the type of thing I usually enjoy

skills & culture Reading

THE FUTURE

It

’s very likely1 that today’s salad I ordered online or in app will be created in a Ghost Kitchen. “What is a Ghost Kitchen?” I hear you ask. Well, a Ghost Kitchen, sometimes called a Virtual Restaurant, a Dark Kitchen or a Cloud Kitchen exists to serve orders placed only with an app or delivery service web page. It’s extremely easy – all you have to do is go onto your app, place your order, pay and when the food is ready it is delivered to your home. You don’t even leave the house to go and pick it up2! Ghost Kitchens are becoming more and more popular because people often prefer to eat in the comfort of their own home, sitting on the sofa in front of the TV (especially since the appearance of Covid 19 and social distancing). Others prefer to order

IS NOW

something to eat in the office if they are working late. It’s so convenient. Lots of restaurateurs are opening Ghost Kitchens because they can save a lot of money. They are much cheaper to run3 because they don’t have to buy tables, chairs, plates, knives, forks and so on. They don’t need to pay waiters or bartenders either so they also save money on staff. Another reason for their popularity is that everything happens online: the customers enter their personal information and choose their meal. The food is prepared and delivered. The customers can rate4 the meal and give feedback, again online. In this way, it is very easy to monitor which meals are the most popular! However, there are also some cons5. One problem is that the only visibility is online – so it is extremely

important to use social media and online publicity. Another problem is that the relationship between the customer and the restaurant owner is only digital so it’s difficult to give the restaurant a personal touch. And last, but not least, many food items do not travel well. Still, whether we like it or not, Ghost Kitchens are here to stay… and who knows? That lunch you order tomorrow may come from a Ghost Kitchen – enjoy it! 1. likely_probabile 2. pick it up_ prenderlo

3. run_gestire 4. rate_valutare 5. cons_contro

1. True (T) or false (F)? Correct the false statements. 1. Ghost Kitchens only work online. 2. Customers can decide if they want to collect the food or use the delivery service. 3. Restaurateurs do not need to buy dining room furniture for Ghost Kitchens. 4. It is difficult to see which meals are most appreciated. 5. The success of Ghost Kitchens depends mainly on social media and apps.

2. Find the words in the text which match the following definitions. 1. a portion of food requested in a restaurant 2. people who buy things from others 3. keeping a safe space between people 4. a group of people who work for a company 5. useful 6. a reaction or response to an activity 39 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

STEP

5

Modal verbs • I verbi modali sono seguiti dalla forma base del verbo ordinario e non dall’infinito con to. Non prendono mai la -s alla terza persona singolare. I must go now.

She can ski very well.

Ora devo andare.

Sa sciare molto bene.

• Could si usa per: – esprimere capacità/incapacità generale, ma non specifica, nel passato Harry could read when he was four years old. Harry sapeva leggere quando aveva quattro anni.

• Si comportano come ausiliari, quindi non richiedono nessun altro ausiliare alla forma interrogativa, negativa o interrogativa-negativa.

– richiedere nel linguaggio formale Could you give me some more information, please? Potresti darmi qualche informazione in più, per favore?

Can you help me with these modal verbs?

• Couldn’t si usa sia per abilità generale che per abilità in un’occasione specifica.

Puoi aiutarmi con questi verbi modali?

I might not come tomorrow. I’m not feeling well.

He couldn’t understand Physics at all when he was at High School.

Potrei non venire domani. Non mi sento bene.

Can’t you come round to my house now?

Non riusciva a capire la fisica quando era al liceo.

Non puoi venire a casa mia adesso?

• Be able to:

• I verbi modali non hanno forme per tutti i tempi e i modi: normalmente hanno solo una forma per il presente e una per il passato/condizionale; per gli altri tempi bisogna usare forme sostitutive (vedi sotto).

– sostituisce can nei tempi e nei modi mancanti (infinito, -ing form, futuro, present perfect…) I used to be able to do a handstand. Ero in grado di fare una verticale.

I haven’t been able to get online.

Potere: can/could, be able to/manage to, may/might

Non sono stato in grado di collegarmi online.

– si usa per esprimere abilità in un’occasione specifica

• Can si usa per:

The boat sank but they were able to swim to the shore.

– esprimere possibilità/impossibilità

La barca affondò ma riuscirono a nuotare fino alla riva.

You can ski in Limone – it’s a beautiful ski resort.

• Manage to si usa quando è inteso che c’era difficoltà nello svolgere un’attività.

Puoi sciare a Limone; è una bellissima stazione sciistica.

I can’t come out this evening – I’m grounded!

The translation was very difficult but I managed to finish it.

Non posso uscire stasera… Sono in castigo!

– esprimere capacità/incapacità generale nel presente

La traduzione era molto difficile, ma sono riuscito a finirla.

I can speak Chinese and Japanese.

• May e might si usano per esprimere una probabilità (“può darsi che…”).

Parlo cinese e giapponese.

Jim can’t cook very well.

I may/might go to the beach tomorrow.

Jim non sa cucinare molto bene.

Può darsi che vada in spiaggia domani.

– esprimere una richiesta/un ordine

• May si usa anche per chiedere un permesso nel linguaggio formale.

Can you lend me your phone, please? Puoi prestarmi il tuo telefono, per favore?

May I borrow your pen?

– chiedere/concedere/rifiutare un permesso nel linguaggio informale

Posso prendere in prestito la tua penna?

Can we watch television, please? Possiamo guardare la televisione, per favore?

1. Complete the sentences using can or be able to. 1. My cousin speak six languages, she’s a foreign correspondent in the US. play 2. My grandfather used the violin very well but he never plays now. 3. My brother loves crossfit. He do 100 burpees without stopping.

speak English 4. You must fluently if you want to be a tour guide. you pass me the 5. Dad, mayonnaise, please? give you a lift to school if you like. 6. I do the tango like you! 7. I’d like 40

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grammar 2. Complete the sentences using could, couldn’t or managed to.

3. Complete each sentence using may/might and a suitable verb from the box.

1. We woke up late but fortunately we get to the airport on time. 2. – Did you find the Jones’ house? – Yes, it took us absolutely ages but in the end I find it. 3. I looked everywhere for my contact lens but I find it. 4. At first Ben didn’t want to go to the party but in persuade him. the end we eat 5. I felt awful yesterday, I anything all day. do the maths 6. Simone homework, it was far too difficult. 7. When my mum was 15 she do 100 metres freestyle in 58 seconds! 8. The PET wasn’t easy but she get an A!

have • be • get • close • stay • fall • study 1. Don’t play near the canal! You

in!

(I) the door please? It’s a bit chilly.

2.

3. – Where’s my pet hamster? in the garden.

– I don’t know. It 4. Don’t forget to take your jacket. It

cold later this evening. (I) another piece of apple

5. cake, please?

6. I haven’t decided what to do after school. Mechanical Engineering in

I Turin.

7. – Are you going away this summer? – I don’t know, we

at home

this year.

• Have to è usato per esprimere:

Dovere: must, have to

– doveri o regole abituali

Forma affermativa

I have to work two evenings a week in the restaurant.

• Must è usato per:

Devo lavorare due sere a settimana al ristorante.

– esprimere un obbligo forte, spesso in forma scritta

Do you have to take the bus to go to school? Devi prendere l’autobus per andare a scuola?

Students must be in class at 8 o’clock.

– un obbligo imposto dall’esterno

Gli studenti devono essere in classe alle 8.

I have to finish that essay for tomorrow.

– esprimere un obbligo sentito da chi parla

Devo finire questo saggio per domani.

I really must tidy my room.

• Have to sostituisce must in tutti i modi e tempi diversi dal presente.

Devo davvero riordinare la mia stanza.

– dare un consiglio, raccomandare fortemente qualcosa

They’ll have to work harder if they want to get a good mark.

You must come and see us soon!

Dovranno lavorare di più se vogliono ottenere un buon voto.

Devi venire a trovarci presto!

She’s had to work from home recently.

– esprimere una supposizione, una deduzione logica

Di recente ha dovuto lavorare da casa.

Forma negativa

They play tennis really well. They must train a lot!

La forma negativa mustn’t non ha lo stesso significato di don’t/doesn’t have to.

Giocano a tennis davvero bene. Devono allenarsi molto!

• Mustn’t si usa per esprimere un divieto. You mustn’t talk during the exam.

ATTENZIONE!

Non dovete parlare durante l’esame.

La supposizione/deduzione negativa si esprime con can’t e non con must not.

• Don’t/doesn’t have to indica invece assenza di necessità (“non serve / non è necessario / non c’è bisogno che…”).

– Isn’t that Mrs Linton? – It can’t be her, she moved abroad last year. – Non è la Signora Linton, quella? – Non può essere lei. Si è trasferita all’estero l’anno scorso.

You don’t have to do all of these exercises – just the first two. Non devi fare tutti questi esercizi; solo i primi due.

41 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP

5 6. Sarah is going abroad for a year. (She / excited) 7. In Scandinavia there is light 24 hours a day in summer. (It / easy / sleep at night) 8. There aren’t very many students at that language school. (The teachers / very good)

4. Complete these sentences with must or have to in the correct form. 1. You

swim here, the water’s polluted.

2. Isabel

pay university fees –

she’s got a government grant. 3. You really

try padel! It’s great fun!

4. Sorry I couldn’t come for a pizza last night – I

6. Complete the sentences using the affirmative or negative form of have to in the correct tense and one of the following verbs.

revise for a test. 5. You

get up • study • water • take • call • buy • wear • pay

buy the bread for the

sandwiches. I bought some this morning. 6. Tell them that they

1. You

be here

at 7.30. It’s very important! 7. Fortunately, we

to park here – it’s free.

2. Sylvia wait long

glasses when she

watches the TV or reads.

for the bus. It arrived as soon as we got there.

3. When Milly starts her summer job next week she

8. The trains were on strike so I

very early.

walk to work.

4. The train is leaving in ten minutes and I still

5. Make positive and negative deductions about the following situations using must or can’t and a suitable verb.

the tickets! 5. If the trains are on strike tomorrow I

1. She got 10 in her Latin test! (She / very pleased) 2. Harry’s got a Porsche and a Lamborghini. (He / wealthy) 3. Liam has only been here for a month. (He / many people) 4. Karen knows a lot about the cinema. (She / a lot of films) 5. That Tex Mex restaurant is always empty. (The food / very good)

a taxi.

6. You

the flowers – I did it

this morning. 7. Andy broke his leg while he was playing rugby and we

an ambulance. (we) the whole chapter for

8. the next lesson?

Volere: will

– offrire qualcosa

• Will è usato per:

– invitare qualcuno a fare qualcosa

Will you stay for lunch?

– chiedere qualcosa (questa forma è più cortese rispetto all’uso dell’imperativo) Will you please listen?

Resti a pranzo?

Will you come to the beach with me? Vieni alla spiaggia con me?

– promettere

Per favore, ascolti?

I’ll be there on time!

Sarò lì in tempo!

7. Write polite imperatives, invitations or requests using will. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Open that window! Ask your friend to stop talking. Give me a chocolate! Ask your mum to lend you some money.

5. 6. 7. 8.

Stop it! Switch off the computer! Ask your mum to take you to school. Ask your friend to help you with your English homework.

42 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

grammar step it up 8. Choose the correct word(s) for each space.

CITIZENSHIP

Fast food facts

We all know that a quick meal from Burgerr King or d Mc Donald’s is far from ideal, but fast food poses serious dangers to children’s health. In America 40% of children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 eat fast food every day. Unfortunately, however, not everybody knows about the long terms have on children. effects that this food (1) food (2) •evenFastdental health issues. It (3)

play a role in diabetes, obesity, heart problems, chronic headaches and also affect a child’s academic performance – the high sugar content makes it difficult for children to concentrate for long periods of time.

with a diet which is high in processed food (4) also suffer from depression •– forPeople be worsened by low self-esteem or poor body an overweight child depression (5) 1

image. If you really (6) eat fast food then you (7) still choose more •nutritional items like salad instead of French fries, or grilled chicken instead of chicken nuggets. Then limit the number of times you eat out – it’s better for your budget, family you (8) 2 bonding and, of course, the health of your family. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

11

a must a can a may a manage a have to a must a might a may

b can b has to b are able to b has to b can b may b can b can

c is able c must c must c might c manage c can c have c must

1. worsened_peggiorato 2. bonding_legame

9. Translate the following sentences. Then listen and check. 5. Abbassi il volume per favore? Sto cercando di leggere! 6. Quando finirò la scuola può darsi che vada all’università. 7. Damian comincia a lavorare come bagnino la settimana prossima. Dovrà alzarsi alle 6 per prendere l'autobus alle 7. 8. Non posso aiutarti adesso, devo finire i compiti. Può darsi che ti possa aiutare stasera.

1. Domani mattina posso dormire fino a tardi perché non devo andare a scuola. Gli insegnanti fanno uno sciopero. 2. Apri la finestra per favore? Fa tanto caldo qui. 3. Il tempo sta peggiorando. Ci potrebbe essere un temporale questa sera. 4. Ora ti racconto un segreto ma non devi dirlo a nessuno.

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STEP 6 HOME

I

I

MEDIA

ARCHIVE

let’s blog I

ABOUT ME

I

SEARCH...

MY DIARY

ѣ

The Scottish music scene I also love The Biscuit Factory – the factory was built in 1947 by Crawford’s biscuits and was their home for 10 years. It was transformed into a trendy concert, arts and fashion hub3 where lots of mini-festivals and club nights are organised every week. There are 15 different studios, a gin distillery and loads of events and exhibition spaces which are all open to the public! It’s awesome!! If you want something a bit more “Scottish” you should go to Summerhall, the biggest

1. venues_ luoghi, sedi 2. gigs_ concerti 3. hub_cuore, centro 4. ceilidh_ festa celtica

Hi! Do you like music? I love it and Edinburgh is THE place to be if you’re looking for great music venues1 and music festivals! One of my favourite festivals here is the “Hidden Door Festival” – it’s a really cool nonprofit alternative festival set up in 2014 by a group of volunteers. Four large abandoned spaces are dedicated to the arts and music, and I love it because it combines amazing visual displays and lights with incredible urban music. Another great event which takes place annually in June is the “Leith Jazz and Blues Festival” – at this three-day festival you can listen to all kinds of music, from lunchtime until late evening, from Friday to Sunday. What’s more, it’s free! Then there are loads of other bars like Nobles, The Granary and The Shore which all have regular gigs2.

cultural arts venue in the UK. At Summerhall you can watch live music, dine, and visit the onsite brewery. You even enjoy a ‘ceilidh’4 with regular traditional country dancing nights and traditional music. What could be more Scottish than that? See you soon! C

1. Which festival or venue? Answer the questions. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Which venue had a very different function in the past? Which festival was created by people who worked for free? Which venue offers traditional Scottish music and dancing? Which festival takes place once a year?

2. Find the words in the text which have a similar meaning to the following. 1. 2. 3. 4.

scenes unused unbelievable concerts

5. 6. 7. 8.

modified fashionable centre eat

44 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

vocabulary Music to my ears! 1. Write the names of the musical instruments.

1. G □ □ □ □ □

2. C □

5. B □

□□□□□□

9. P □

□□□

12

10. A □

□□□□□□

6. V □

□□□□

□□□□□□□

3. T □

7. S □

11. K □

□□□□□

4. F □

□□□□□□□

□□□□□□

□□□

8. D □

12. T □

□□□

□□□□□□

2. Now listen to the instruments and write them in the order you hear them.

1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8.

9. 10. 11. 12.

3. Read the texts and write the music styles in the correct place. rap • reggae • rock • pop • gospel • house

1. A kind of AfricanAmerican music of the 1980s and 1990s in which rhyming lyrics are chanted to a musical accompaniment. Famous singers are Eminem and 50 cent.

2. A genre of electronic dance music characterised by a repetitive beat 3. Popular music of and a tempo of Jamaican origin 120 to 130 beats with elements per minute. It was of Calypso and created in the rhythm and blues. 1980s by DJs and It became popular music producers in thanks to Bob Chicago. Marley.

4. It is not a particular genre or style of music, but simply that which is the most popular.

6. A kind of Christian music based on American folk music, with strong rhythms and elements of spirituals, blues and jazz.

45 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

5. A kind of popular music originating in the 50s: a blend of black rhythmand-blues and white countryand-western. It was first popularised by Elvis Presley.

STEP

6

games & idioms

As clear as a bell 1. Work out the meaning of the idioms from the context. Match each idiom with one of the expressions from the box. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h.

excellent news made something seem more important than it was easy to understand boasting about his talents or abilities pleasant but boring music are repeating the same thing again and again accept unpleasant results of an action seems familiar

1. □ Missy got a bad mark in maths. Now she’ll have to face the music when her parents get home! 2. □ When the students heard that there was no school the following day it was music to their ears! 3. □ I’ve never met Holly Winters but the name rings a bell. 4. □ I usually like his songs but his last album is just elevator music! 5. □ Please stop talking about your new boyfriend – you sound like a broken record! 6. □ He’s blowing his own trumpet again – saying he’s the best student in the class! 7. □ I only asked her to tidy her room, but she made such a song and dance about it! 8. □ Her instructions were as clear as a bell – everybody knew exactly what they had to do.

2. Read the following descriptions. What are the words? 1.

A group of musicians that play music together.

B□□□

2.

Several songs or pieces of music on a CD.

A□

3.

A group of people who watch a concert.

4.

The words in a song.

□□□ A□□□ □ □ □ □ L□□□□□

5.

A version of a song recorded by a singer or band who did not originally record the song.

C□□□□

6.

A live performance.

G□□ 46 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

skills & culture

From bullying to chart success CITIZENSHIP

Listening

13 1. Listen to a girl, Sandra, talking about one of her favourite singers. Decide whether the following are true (T) or false (F). Correct the false statements. 1. Tones and I had a daytime job when she lived in Melbourne. 2. She lived in Byron Bay before moving to Melbourne. 3. While she was in Byron Bay she was spotted by Lemon Tree Music. 4. She wrote Dance Monkey after a frustrating day in Byron Bay. 5. The song was number 1 in more than 20 countries.

13

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

2. Listen again and complete the sentences with the following numbers. 6 • 2018 • 650 million • 30 • 2019 • 16

1. Dance Monkey came out in

.

2. She started posting videos on the Internet at the age of 3. In 4.

.

she moved to Byron Bay. months after living in Byron Bay she met a music lawyer.

5. It took her less than

minutes to write Dance Monkey.

6. The video has been viewed more than

times. 47

EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP

6

Comparative adjectives • Gli aggettivi che terminano in -ow, -er, -le e alcuni altri (quiet, polite, friendly) possono avere entrambe le forme.

Comparativo di maggioranza • Il comparativo di maggioranza degli aggettivi si forma in due modi e quando c’è un secondo termine di paragone esso è preceduto dalla preposizione than.

Can we go somewhere quieter/more quiet? Possiamo andare in un posto più tranquillo?

1. Gli aggettivi di una sola sillaba o formati da due sillabe terminanti in -y aggiungono il suffisso -er.

• Alcuni aggettivi hanno forme irregolari: good ➞ better

Your scooter is faster than mine.

Your bedroom looks better now!

Il tuo motorino è più veloce del mio.

La tua camera da letto sembra migliore ora!

Modifiche ortografiche: – la -y finale cambia in -i e si aggiunge -er (easy ➞ easier)

bad ➞ worse False friends are worse than enemies. I falsi amici sono peggio dei nemici.

– gli aggettivi monosillabici che terminano con una consonante preceduta da una sola vocale raddoppiano la consonante finale (big ➞ bigger)

far ➞ further/farther – How far is it to your school? A mile? – No, it’s further.

– gli aggettivi che terminano in -e aggiungono solo -r (large ➞ larger)

– Quanto dista la tua scuola? Un miglio? – No, è più lontana.

• Davanti a un comparativo si possono trovare gli avverbi much, far, a lot (“molto”), a little, a bit, slightly (“un po’”).

2. Gli aggettivi di due o più sillabe formano il comparativo con more. It’s more convenient to live in the city centre.

Rome is a lot/much bigger than Florence.

È più comodo vivere nel centro della città.

Roma è molto più grande di Firenze.

Mattia is a bit/a little/slightly taller than his brother. Mattia è un po’ più alto di suo fratello.

1. Write the comparative form of the adjectives in the box in the correct column. Some may go in two columns. small • quiet • silly • careful • large • nice • healthy • cheap • happy • funny • hot • simple • clever • busy • intelligent • easy Adjective + -er/r

Adjective + -ier

2. Use the comparatives in exercise 1 to write sentences. Use than where necessary.

More + adjective

3. Use the words in brackets to write sentences. Use than if necessary.

1. Vegetable fats are animal fats. mine, you can 2. Your car is hardly hear it! 3. There was a lot of traffic on the roads yesterday, . but today was even the book. 4. I think the film is It really made me laugh! from now 5. Please try to be on. You made some very careless mistakes!

1. Travelling by train is (expensive) travelling by bus. 2. Paris was even (beautiful)

I

had remembered. 3. The cake tasted (a lot / good)

it

looked. 4. Marta is (a bit / pretty) Nicola but Nicola is (a lot / nice) 48

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.

grammar Comparativo di uguaglianza

Comparativo di minoranza

• Il comparativo di uguaglianza si forma con as o not as/so + aggettivo + as + secondo termine di paragone e corrisponde all’italiano “tanto… quanto…” o “così… come…”. Spesso il primo as viene preceduto da just.

• Il comparativo di minoranza i forma con l’avverbio less davanti all’aggettivo. Il secondo termine di paragone viene introdotto da than. In March and April the weather is less predictable than in the other months of the year. In marzo e aprile il tempo è meno prevedibile che negli altri mesi dell’anno.

Their motorhome is (just) as big as the one they had before. Il loro camper è grande come quello che avevano prima.

RICORDA!

The pool isn’t as/so busy as it was yesterday.

Nota che in inglese, alla frase The book is less exciting than the film. si preferisce usare The book isn’t as exciting as the film.

La piscina non è così piena come era ieri.

4. Mr Green is younger than he looks. 5. Last summer was hotter than this summer. 6. The dress and the skirt both cost €60. 7. The airport was quieter than I expected. 8. Jim and Kyle are both 1m 80 tall.

4. Write a new sentence with the same meaning using as or (not) as/so + adjective + as. 1. The shopping mall was nearer than I thought. 2. Your tablet was cheaper than mine. 3. Laura and David both earn £30,000 a year.

Superlative adjectives • Il superlativo relativo di maggioranza si forma in due modi.

bad ➞ the worst

1. Gli aggettivi di una sillaba o due sillabe terminanti in -y aggiungono il suffisso -est. Il superlativo è sempre preceduto dall’articolo determinativo the, tranne quando c’è un aggettivo possessivo.

Il mio voto peggiore quest’anno è stato in latino.

My worst mark this year was in Latin. far ➞ the furthest/farthest It’s the cheapest hotel but it’s also the furthest from the beach. È l’albergo più economico, ma è anche il più lontano dalla spiaggia.

JK Rowling is one of the richest women in the world. JK Rowling è una delle donne più ricche del mondo.

Your best results were in English!

• I superlativi sono seguiti da:

I tuoi risultati migliori sono stati in inglese!

– in quando il termine di paragone è rappresentato da un luogo, da un’organizzazione o da un gruppo di persone

Le modifiche ortografiche sono le stesse del comparativo.

Our classroom is really small, it’s one of the smallest in the school!

2. Gli aggettivi di due o più sillabe formano il superlativo con the most.

La nostra classe è davvero piccola, è una delle più piccole della scuola!

Giorgia was the most talented singer in the show. Giorgia era la cantante più talentuosa dello spettacolo.

• Gli aggettivi che terminano in -er, -ow, -le e quiet, polite, friendly, possono avere entrambe le forme. Davide is the most clever/the cleverest in the class.

Marcus is the tallest in the class. Marcus è il più alto della classe.

– of quando il termine di paragone è un’espressione di tempo

Davide è il più intelligente della classe.

February is the shortest month of the year. Febbraio è il mese più corto dell’anno.

• Alcuni aggettivi hanno il superlativo irregolare: good ➞ the best It’s the best book I’ve ever read.

• Il superlativo relativo di minoranza si forma con the least seguito da aggettivo.

È il miglior libro che abbia mai letto.

It’s one of the least expensive phones I could find. È uno dei telefoni meno costosi che ho trovato.

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STEP

6

5. Choose the correct words. Use in or of if necessary. 1. My mum always tells me that school days are days your life! a happy b the happier c the happiest

6. What’s way to send a parcel to the UK? a the cheapest b the most cheap c cheaper

6. Complete the dialogues using a comparative or a superlative form. 1. – Why did you buy a new computer?

2. Hugh is one of people I have ever met. a the unpleasant b the most unpleasant c the more unpleasant 3. The Cartoon Museum is one of London. a the more fascinating b the most fascinating c fascinating

my

old one. It’s also (easy)

to use.

– I bet it was (a lot / expensive)

!

2. – How did the Swahili exam go?

museums

– Quite well, it wasn’t (easy) I thought. (difficult)

part was the

reading, it took me absolutely ages! 3. – It is (much / cheap)

4. Mandarin Chinese is one of the world a complex b more complex c the most complex 5. Alaska is state a bigger b the biggest c the most big

– Because it’s (much / good)

languages

to live in

Como than in Florence. – Yes, but it’s (not / interesting)

.

Florence is (much / exciting)

.

4. – Have you been to that new Indian restaurant yet? – Yes, I have – it’s one of (good)

the USA.

restaurants I’ve ever been to, but it’s (not / cheap)

I expected. In fact I think

it’s one of (expensive)

in town!

Prepositions of time • In si usa:

At – in – on

– con i mesi

• At si usa:

My boyfriend’s birthday is in August.

– con le ore

Il compleanno del mio fidanzato è in agosto.

The train leaves at 7.30.

– con le stagioni e le parti del giorno (eccetto per at night)

Il treno parte alle 7.30.

– in riferimento a un momento preciso del giorno

In spring I love to visit Rome.

She got up at midday!

In primavera amo visitare Roma.

Si è svegliata a mezzogiorno!

I usually watch a film in the evening.

– con le festività (con riferimento al periodo)

Di solito la sera guardo un film.

We usually go to the mountains at Christmas.

– con gli anni

Di solito andiamo in montagna a Natale.

In the nineties they lived in the Hebrides.

– con le espressioni at night (“di notte”), at the moment (“al momento”), at the same time (“nello stesso momento”), at the weekend (“il/nel fine settimana”).

Negli anni novanta vivevano alle Ebridi.

– con i secoli Agatha Christie was born in the nineteenth century.

Our cat usually stays out at night. Il nostro gatto di solito sta fuori di notte.

Agatha Christie è nata nel diciannovesimo secolo.

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grammar – con il significato di “fra/tra” per esprimere il futuro

– con i giorni di festa (in presenza delle parole day e Eve)

Your dad will be here in a few minutes. Tuo padre sarà qui tra pochi minuti.

On New Year’s Eve we always throw a party. La notte di Capodanno organizziamo sempre una festa.

– nell’espressione in time con il significato di “in tempo” I got there just in time to see the match!

– nell’espressione on time (“in orario”):

Sono arrivato appena in tempo per vedere la partita!

The buses here are awful – they’re never on time. Gli autobus qui sono terribili – non sono mai in orario.

• On si usa:

• Non si usano at, in o on prima di last / next / this / every.

– con i giorni We went to a Japanese restaurant on Saturday. Siamo andati in un ristorante giapponese sabato.

Next week we’re going on a school trip to Prague. La settimana prossima andremo in gita scolastica a Praga.

– con le date

This weekend we’re going to a concert in Bologna.

The exam is on May the 25th/on the 25th of May. L’esame si terrà il 25 maggio.

Questo fine settimana andremo a un concerto a Bologna.

7. Write at (the), on (the), in (the) if necessary.

Monday.

Saturday and we’ll be back

1. The Spice Girls were a very popular pop group

7. – What are you doing

nineties.

Sunday

afternoon?

2. – What does your brother do?

morning and afternoon but

– I’m busy

moment

– He’s a student in Parma but

evening.

I’m free

he’s here on holiday. 8.

Christmas Day we usually have a big

3.

next

6. We’re leaving for Liverpool

April we usually go to a European city for a long weekend.

family get-together. 4. Get a move on! The webinar starts

9. My mum’s car is at the mechanic’s. It will be ready

5

a few days.

minutes! 5. – What did you do

10. The first train to Glasgow leaves very early,

last Saturday?

5.05 am.

– I went to a friend’s party and we went to bed 2 o’clock morning!

School doesn’t finish until July.

Before – after – till – until – from… to/until/till… – between… and… – during – to

La scuola non finisce fino a luglio.

• From... to/until/till… e between... and... indicano il momento di inizio e la fine di un’azione.

• Before traduce l’italiano “prima di”. I’ll see you before dinner in the square.

Yesterday I studied from 10 in the morning until/ till/to 4 in the afternoon.

Ci vediamo prima di cena in piazza.

Ieri ho studiato dalle 10 del mattino fino alle 4 del pomeriggio.

• After traduce “dopo”.

I’ll be in Scotland between the 25th and the 30th of July.

Let’s go out after lunch. Usciamo dopo pranzo.

Sarò in Scozia tra il 25 e il 30 di luglio.

• Till e until traducono l’italiano “fino a” e, a volte, anche “prima di”.

• During traduce l’italiano “durante”. Switch your phones off during the lesson.

We were at the party till/until midnight.

Spegnete i telefoni durante la lezione.

Siamo stati alla festa fino a mezzanotte.

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STEP

6 4. In the evening

8. Complete the sentences using the prepositions in the box.

six o’clock

seven o’clock I take the dog for a walk. 5. We usually go skiing

before • during • until/till • from… to/until/till… • between… and…

off-season because it’s cheaper. 6. Never put off

1. We had football training last night – I didn’t get

tomorrow what you

can do today.

11 o’clock!

home

the

7. – What’s the day

2. Bars and restaurants were closed

Friday?

– Thursday!

the lockdown.

8. Carl never gets up

3. The head isn’t here, she won’t be here

9 o’clock

the summer. He loves sleeping till

the 26th.

late!

Prepositions of place • On si usa:

At – in – on – into – out of

– per indicare che qualcosa è sopra qualcos’altro con contatto Put the pizza on the table please.

• At si usa: – per segnalare che qualcosa o qualcuno si trova presso un luogo (ma non necessariamente all’interno)

Metti la pizza sul tavolo per piacere.

– con mezzi di trasporto grandi (bus, train, plane, ship/ferry) I met my old schoolfriend on the train last week.

at the bus stop / at the cinema / at the traffic lights… – con indirizzi in presenza del numero civico

Ho incontrato un mio vecchio compagno di scuola sul treno la settimana scorsa.

at 38, Merrilox Avenue

– nelle espressioni on the right, on the left The chemist’s is over there on the right.

• In si usa: – per segnalare che qualcosa o qualcuno è all’interno di un luogo circoscritto

La farmacia è laggiù, a destra.

• Into si usa per indicare un movimento verso un luogo chiuso. Everyone stopped talking when the teacher walked into the room.

in a country / in a town / in a village / in a room / in a street… – con i punti cardinali

Tutti smisero di parlare quando l’insegnante entrò nella stanza.

in the south-east of England – nelle espressioni in a newspaper, in bed, in the country, in a queue

• Out of si usa per indicare un movimento da un luogo chiuso. Everyone started talking when the teacher walked out of the room.

I love living in the country. It’s so peaceful! Amo vivere in campagna. È così tranquillo!

Tutti cominciarono a parlare quando l’insegnante uscì dalla stanza.

4. She came

the shop and jumped a taxi. Birkdale, a town 5. I live the coast between Liverpool and Southport. 6. – How do I get to your house? – Go down Neden’s Lane, turn left traffic lights into Benson Drive. I live your right. number 45. It’s

9. Complete the sentences using the prepositions of place. 1. I read an article about Covid 19 Time magazine. 2. The children were playing near the swimming pool the water. when one of them fell 3. She had a nightmare last night and she fell bed. 52

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grammar 5. The cat jumped when it saw the birds in the garden. – he got home late 6. Jordan is still last night! to New York? 7. Guess who I saw Harry Styles!! 8. When the bell rang the children rushed . and drove off quickly. 9. He got – he said he had a 10. I saw Rob terrible headache.

10. Complete the sentences. Use in, at, on, into or out of and one of the following. the Irish Sea • the doctor’s • the bus stop • bed • the beach • the window • the mountains • the plane • school • his car 1. Tourists go there to walk in the sea. 2. There was a really long queue 3. I think we’ll go skiing d’Aosta this winter. 4. The River Mersey runs

and swim . in the Valle .

step it up 11. Read the text and choose the right option. n.

IC

MUS

BONO

CITIZENSHIP

a social activist

Paul David Hewson, (1) best / better known as Bono, was born (2) on / in May 10th in Dublin. He is the lead singer for one of the (3) most popular / more popular rock bands in the world, U2, and a prominent human rights activist. In Dublin, (4) in / on 1977, he and three schoolfriends formed a band that later became U2. The group quickly became popular worldwide with the album “War”. In 1984 they became even (5) more successful / most successful with “The Unforgettable Fire”. The next year, the band joined the “Conspiracy of Hope” tour to bring attention to human rights violations and Bono toured Nicaragua and El Salvador helping victims of violence and poverty. Following this journey he grew (6) most interested / more interested in the problems facing poor people in underdeveloped countries. In 1987 the band released “The Joshua Tree”, the band’s (7) big-selling / biggest-selling and most influential recording. In 2002, Bono founded DATA, an organization that seeks to eradicate poverty, hunger1 and the spread2 of AIDS (8) in / of Africa. Bono’s (9) most high-profile / more high-profile trip was to Africa in May 2002, when he travelled throughout the country with US Treasury Secretary Paul O’Neill. It was in 2002 that Bono appeared (10) on / in the cover of Time magazine with the legend “Can Bono Save The World?”. In 2020 he shared a new song on social media called “Let Your Love Be Known” which was dedicated to the Italians under lockdown due to the Coronavirus pandemic. 1. hunger_fame

14

2. spread_diffusione

12. Translate the following sentences. Then listen and check. 4. – Caeleb Dressel è uno dei nuotatori più veloci del mondo. – È anche uno dei più belli! 5. A Natale di solito rimaniamo a casa, ma durante le vacanze di Pasqua andiamo via per qualche giorno. 6. Non scendere dal treno finché non si ferma!

1. – Com’era il film? – Non male, ma non era bello come il libro. 2. Vado a vivere in campagna. È più tranquillo, meno caotico e le case sono meno care. 3. Questo esercizio è molto più facile di quanto pensassi!

53 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP 7 HOME

I

MEDIA

I

ARCHIVE

let’s blog I

ABOUT ME

I

ѣ

SEARCH...

MY DIARY

Storm S tor Dennis

1. joking apart_ scherzi a parte 2. flooded_ inondate 3. floating_ galleggiare 4. relatives_parenti 5. landslides_frane 6. slid down_ scendevano, scivolavano giù 7. slopes_pendii 8. stream_ruscello, fiume

Hi guys! W Well, in the past few years I’ve read quite e a bi bit about the bad weather you’ve had in Italy… Ita aly… but over here, believe me, it’s even worse!! B British weather is so changeable – in fact, lots of people say, “If you don’t like the weather, wait 5 minutes!”. Joking ap apart1, things are getting quite serious here, as II’m sure they are where you live… Ap A Apparently, p pparent the South Wales valleys are going t have 50% more rain in the next to decade! As if it didn’t rain enough here deca de already! al a lre read ad ad had W h We a a really bad storm at the beginning ad 2020 of 2 020 02 0 ccalled Storm Dennis. It was terrible homes – h ho ome m s and businesses were inundated in nun unda da ate e by the storms and areas that ar rea eas tha th h had never flooded2 for decade decades es w were left underwater. In fact, some of my friends who live in Nantgawr had to leave their houses! One of them, Kyle, and his family were sleeping when they got a phone call from their gran telling them that the street was starting to flood. He turned on the light and saw the sofa floating3 at the bottom of the stairs!! They had to evacuate and stay with relatives4 till they cleaned up their house… it was awful! The rain also caused loads of landslides5 – nearly 30,000 tonnes

of soil slid down6 the slopes7 into the stream8 below causing terrible flooding. Unfortunately, things are not going to get any better – the warming climate is causing more rain, storms and more extreme flooding, especially in the deep valleys of South Wales. I find it hard to understand sometimes – we’ve known about climate change for years – we need to do things that can prevent the effect that this bad weather has on our communities… Ah well, have to go out. Now where did I put my umbrella? It’s started to rain… See you soon C

1. True (T) or false (F)? Correct the false statements. 1. Over the last decade there has been 50% more rain in Wales. 2. In 2020 many places were flooded for the first time ever. 3. Caitlin’s grandmother rang Kyle to tell them about the flood.

T

F

T

F

T

F

4. The lights went out in Kyle’s house during the flooding. 5. Kyle and his family stayed with Caitlin until their house was ready to live in. 6. The warm weather means that there will be less bad weather.

2. Find the words in the text which match the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4.

likely to change often a period of ten years bad weather with rain, thunder and lightning to be covered in water

5. 6. 7. 8.

to remove from a place for reasons of safety members of one’s family the falling of a mass of soil or rock wide low regions

54 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

T

F

T

F

T

F

vocabulary Nice day, isn’t it? 1. Match the pictures to the expressions. it’s windy • it’s snowing • it’s foggy • it’s overcast • it’s cloudy • it’s stormy • it’s raining • it’s freezing cold • it’s boiling hot • it’s frosty • it’s hailing

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

15

10.

11.

2. Read the following and put the words in the right places. Then listen and check. erupt • ice • carbon dioxide • climate • gases • heat • ash • temperature

GLOBAL WARMING Global warming is the term used to describe the rising of the average (1) on Earth. It concerns of the Earth, rather than the weather on one particular day. It is a very complex the overall (2) subject. Things that can have an impact on global warming include the natural temperature fluctuations of the such as carbon dioxide, volcanic eruptions and increased solar activity. planet, greenhouse (3) is because of greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases: the reason the Earth isn’t a ball of (4) They insulate the Earth and keep it warm. However, as more and more greenhouse gases get into the atmosphere, the Earth will get warmer and warmer. they can change the temperature of the Earth for a short Volcanoes: when volcanoes (5) and particles into the atmosphere. period of time because they send large amounts of (6) This blocks the sun’s rays and causes the Earth to cool. However, volcanoes also emit large amounts of . (7) on the Earth comes from the sun, it follows that the Sun activity: since all the energy and (8) sun’s activity will have some effect on the temperature of the Earth. 55 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP

7

games & idioms

Weather 1. Find the words.

H

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M

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P

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G

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B

V

O

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R

H

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C

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X

R

T

Z

L

Y

D

B

L

O

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S

E

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H

C

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H

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T

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C

Q

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R

O

Z

M

H

X

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L

A

U

M

O

U

U

E

A

U

A

O

E

S

A

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L

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N

I

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K

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C

H

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D

T

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H

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K

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J

E

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CLIMATE OZONE HURRICANE DRY LIGHTNING THUNDER

2. Match the words from the wordsearch with their meaning. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

□ climate □ ozone □ hurricane □ dry □ lightning □ thunder □ ice □ rainbow □ drought □ forecast □ earthquake □ tsunami

a. when there is little or no rain b. this sometimes appears in the sky after rain c. a loud noise during a storm d. the general weather conditions of an area e. a prediction about the weather f. a violent tropical storm g. vibrations in the earth’s crust h. a colourless toxic gas i. a very large seawave j. solid water k. a flash of light in the sky during a storm l. a long period of dry weather

56 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

ICE RAINBOW DROUGHT FORECAST EARTHQUAKE TSUNAMI

skills & culture Reading

THE WORLD’S LARGEST CAVE A cave with it’s own weather system The entrance to Son Doong cave (or “cave of the mountain river”) was discovered in 1991 by a local farmer, Ho Khanh, while he was looking for agarwood1. The discovery was immediately reported to the British Caving Research Association but it wasn’t until 2009 that the cave was explored for the first time. The cave is believed to be between 2 and 5 million years old. In 2019 some divers discovered that the cave is connected to another cave, Hang Thung. It is the largest known cave system in the world – the main passage is about 5 kilometres long, 200 metres high and 150 metres wide.

There are two dolines2 (areas where the roof has collapsed) and sunlight enters resulting in the growth of trees and other vegetation. It is so big that you could fit in a 40 storey3 skyscraper… and believe it or not, a Boeing 747 jet could fly through it easily! The cave has its own weather system, a rainforest and amazing limestone cave pearls4, as big as baseballs. It can get very cold during the winter months (-8-15°C) and very hot during the summer (32-40°C). It can also get very muddy5 when it rains in the jungle. The cave opened to tourists in 2013 and it can be explored at a cost of $3,000

for four days, trekking through a jungle, seeing strange, eyeless creatures and swimming in the black waters of the cave. Only 1,000 people are allowed to travel through the cave system every year (the tourist season runs6 once a week from February to August) so you have to book well in advance! You don’t need climbing or caving experience but you should have some recent experience of trekking and camping. 1. agarwood_ legno di agar 2. dolines_doline 3. storey_piano

4. limestone cave pearls_perle di calcare della grotta 5. muddy_fangoso 6. runs_si svolge

1. True (T) or false (F)? Correct the false statements. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

The Son Doong cave was explored by Ho Khanh in 1991. The discovery of the cave was reported to the British Caving Research Association in 2019. It is possible to fly through the cave in a plane. Temperatures in the cave can be extreme. The number of tourists who are allowed to visit the cave is limited.

2. Find the words in the text which match the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

people who swim underwater plants found in a particular area facts or signs that make you believe something is true a very tall building in a city making a long journey on foot takes place a long time before 57 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

STEP

7

Countable and uncountable nouns • In inglese i sostantivi possono essere: – numerabili (countable) quando si riferiscono a persone, animali o cose che si possono contare. In questo caso hanno una forma singolare e una plurale.

• I sostantivi non numerabili non hanno una forma plurale e non sono accompagnati né da un numerale né da un articolo. Swimming is good for you. Nuotare ti fa bene.

one/a memory stick ➞ two memory sticks

Where is your luggage?

– non numerabili (uncountable) quando si riferiscono a cose che non si possono contare e indicano

Dove sono i tuoi bagagli?

• sostanze e materiali: water, paper, plastic… • alcuni alimenti: cheese, bread, wine, pasta, rice… • nomi astratti: honesty, knowledge, happiness… • discipline e sport: English, History, Mathematics, running, gymnastics…

• Se si vuole precisare la quantità di sostanze non numerabili si usano gli indefiniti some, any, much… oppure espressioni come a bar of (chocolate…), a cup of (coffee…), a glass of (orange juice…), a piece of (information, advice…).

1. Put the nouns into the correct column. salt • advice • beach • bread • child • hair • money • man • holiday • sugar • information • girl • person • homework • coffee • mouse Countable nouns

Uncountable nouns

2. Look at the pictures and write the right captions using the words in the boxes. a cup of • a jar of • a can of • a slice of • a packet of • a sheet of paper • jam • cake • tea • tortilla chips • orangeade

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6. 58

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grammar Indefinite adjectives and pronouns – con parole che hanno significato negativo (without, hardly, refuse ecc.)

Some / any – no / none • Some si usa:

She went to school without any money.

– nelle frasi affermative con sostantivi numerabili e non numerabili

È andata a scuola senza soldi.

There was hardly any traffic this morning. Stamattina c’era pochissimo traffico.

We’ve got some pizzas in the freezer. Abbiamo delle pizze nel congelatore.

She refused any advice.

I have got some homework to do for tomorrow.

Ha rifiutato ogni consiglio.

Ho dei compiti da fare per domani.

– quando si offre e quando si chiede qualcosa Would you like some more cake? Vuoi ancora un po’ di torta?

• No ha solo funzione di aggettivo e si usa nelle frasi con il verbo in forma affermativa, in alternativa a not… any. I’ve got no time. = I haven’t got any time.

Can I have some water, please?

Non ho tempo.

Posso avere dell’acqua per favore?

• Any si usa: – nelle frasi negative e interrogative con sostantivi numerabili e non numerabili

• None ha solo funzione di pronome e si usa nelle frasi con il verbo in forma affermativa, in alternativa a not… any. – Are there any German students in your school? – No, there are none. = No, there aren’t any.

I haven’t read any good books lately.

– Ci sono studenti tedeschi nella vostra scuola? – No, non ce ne sono.

Non ho letto nessun buon libro ultimamente.

I didn't spend any money. Non ho speso soldi.

• I pronomi any e none corrispondono all’italiano “ne”.

I can’t print the letter – I haven’t got any toner left.

– Did you see any celebrities? – No, I didn’t see any.

Non posso stampare la lettera – non ho più toner.

– nella forma affermativa quando significa “non importa quale” o “qualsiasi”

– Hai visto qualche celebrità? – No, non ne ho vista nessuna.

– Which bus can I take to get to the centre? – Oh, any bus will take you there.

– Is there any more ice-cream? – None at all.

– Quale autobus posso prendere per raggiungere il centro? – Oh, qualsiasi autobus ti porterà lì.

– C’è ancora del gelato? – Non ce n’è (più).

3. Choose the correct alternative. 1. I did this exercise without any / some help from my teacher. 2. – Can I have some / any coke please? – I’m sorry but there is none / any left. 3. There was hardly anybody / nobody in town this afternoon – the weather was awful. 4. Why have they gone shopping if they haven’t got no / any money? 5. There isn’t much fruit left. I’ll go and buy some / any this afternoon. 6. Can I have some / any chocolate mousse please? 7. You can take any / no tram from here. They all go to the city centre. 8. Would you like any / some seafood risotto? It’s really good!

9. Ann’s grandparents are over 65. They can travel free on some / any bus or train they like free of charge. 10. I didn’t buy some / any strawberries, there were no / none left.

4. Use the words to write interrogative or negative sentences with any. 1. you / visit / art galleries / when / you go / Paris / last year / ? 2. there / not be / tickets / for the play / at the Echo Theatre 3. Gabriel / not have got / brothers or sisters 4. there / students / want to / help / at the summer camp / ? 5. you / take / photos / school trip / to Naples / ? 6. day of the week / suit / me / ! 59

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STEP

7

5. Complete the sentences using no or none.

4. – How many tickets did you get? –

1. – Is there any coffee left in the pot? – No,

5. There are

, sorry!

Indian restaurants in

this town.

2. Millions of children in Africa have

6. He needed some money to pay the postman but

food or water. 3.

, they were sold out!

there was

of them is here yet.

in the house.

Much / many / a lot of / lots of

I don’t know much about geography.

• Much è seguito da sostantivi non numerabili, mentre many è seguito da sostantivi numerabili.

Were there many people at the school recital?

Non ne so molto di geografia. C’erano molte persone al saggio scolastico?

There is a lot of/lots of unemployment nowadays.

• Much e many sono preferibilmente usati nelle frasi negative, interrogative e interrogative-negative.

C’è molta disoccupazione al giorno d’oggi.

• Nelle frasi affermative si preferisce invece usare a lot of/lots of seguiti sia da un sostantivo numerabile sia da un sostantivo non numerabile.

Ho molti libri da leggere per la scuola quest’estate.

6. Right (R) or wrong (W)? In some of these sentences much is wrong or unnatural. Write R if it is correct. If not, write W and correct the sentence. 1. There isn’t much to do in this town, it’s really boring!

R W

2. During lockdown I had much free time.

R W

3. Kevin does much sport so he doesn’t eat much sweets and chocolates.

R W

4. I don’t know much interesting people here.

R W

5. The weather has been terrible recently. We’ve had much thunderstorms.

R W

6. Laszlo didn’t spend much money in England.

R W

7. There wasn’t much traffic on the roads this evening. I got here really quickly!

R W

8. Do you read much books in your free time?

R W

I’ve got a lot of/lots of books to read for school this summer.

7. Reorder the words and complete the sentences with much or many. 1. last summer / didn’t / for / We / homework / get

2. meat / She / eat / doesn’t

3. where / aren’t / buses / I / in the evening / There / live

4. your / there / Are / in / cultural events / hometown / ? 5. didn’t / last / We / winter / have / snow 6. fail / Did / exam / the / students / ? 7. isn’t / furniture / There / my / flat / in / new 8. got / We / time! / Hurry up! / haven’t 9. tourists / There / here / aren’t / now 10. don’t / time / I / for / have / sport

60 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

grammar step it up 8. Read the text and choose the correct word(s) for each space.

UNDERGROUND CITY:

A MUST IN THE COLD

You might think it’s not (1) fun living in or visiting Montréal in the winter – after all, it is one of the coldest cities in North America, and when the temperatures go below zero and the snow starts to fall, the last thing you can imagine doing is walking around the city! point in winter you can’t not Well, you’re wrong! If you’re planning to visit Montréal at (2) go to the Underground City, or Le Réso, one of the city’s top attractions. It’s warm and dry, and offers of the best perspectives on Montréal life. (3) There are (4) underground1 tunnels to explore; more than 33 kilometres and numerous skating rink2! malls, banks, museums, and (5) universities and high schools even though there aren’t There are even (6) inhabitants actually living there: nobody calls the Underground City “home”. (7) In fact, most parts of the City are open from 5.30 am to 1.00 am – the same hours of operation as the metro. In winter weather, more than 500,000 people use the underground city every day – that’s people! Most locals use it to get away from the freezing winter days – (8) days the temperature can reach –20° C – or the hot humid summer days. (9) Montréal’s underground city is unique – it’s the only place in the world where you can see a show, park your car, go to the dentist, do (10) shopping, go to work, attend university, visit a 1. underground_sotterraneo museum take the metro… all without going outside! 2. skating ring_pista del ghiaccio 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

16

a a lot aa a lots a a lot of a an a many a much a lots a many a some

b much b any b some b much b some b some ba b a lot of b some b any

ca c many ca c any ca ca c any c some c a lot ca

9. Translate the following sentences. Then listen and check. 5. Hai degli spiccioli per il parcheggio? 6. Ho fatto delle ricerche per Storia questo weekend. 7. Non ho molto da fare oggi quindi possiamo vederci a qualsiasi ora. 8. Durante l'estate molti giovani lavorano come bagnini. 9. Quanti “mi piace” ha quel video? 10. – Che lavoro vorresti fare? – Qualsiasi lavoro! Non importa quale.

1. – Andiamo al ristorante giapponese! – Buona idea, ma non ho soldi – me ne presti? 2. Ho mangiato un sacco di gelato questo pomeriggio. Ora ho mal di pancia. 3. Scusi, mi può dare dei consigli su quale computer comprare? 4. – Ho sete. Posso avere della spremuta di arancia, per favore? – Mi dispiace, non ci sono arance. Vuoi dell’acqua? 61

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5. … 6. … SEARCH...

I love sport and I was terribly disappointed1 when the 2020 Tokyo Olympics were cancelled because of the Covid pandemic

ѣ

vocabulary Be a good sport! 1. Look at the photos and write the words. Then put the words into the correct column.

1. CIE NKRI

2. KRCTA

3. OFAOBLTL HITPC

4. ORFAOBELLT

5. LCIYSCT

6. ERWSMMI

7. NTE

8. SETSAK

9. WMGMIISN OPOL

10. APC

11. EEERRFE

12. TKI

13. ETSNIN UTCOR

14. SEGGGOL

15. YGM

16. TISDMAU

PLACE

EQUIPMENT

63 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

PEOPLE

64

skills & culture

CITIZENSHIP

Listening

18 1. Listen to Keith talking about one of his favourite footballers, Sadio Mané. True (T) or false (F)? Correct the false statements. 1. Mané is also popular with supporters of teams other than Liverpool. 2. Mané was only 7 years old when his father died in the village of Bambali. 3. He left his home town against his mum’s wishes. 4. Mané played for Dortmund before moving to Southampton. 5. He is well-known everywhere for his generosity.

18

T T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

2. Listen again and fill in the spaces with numbers.

1. Mané was

when he lost his father.

2. At the age of

he ran away from home with a friend.

3. He represented his country in the 4. Liverpool paid

World Cup. for Mané.

5. During the Covid 19 pandemic Mané gave

to the Senegalese government. 65

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F

STEP

8

Wh- question words • Le wh- question words si chiamano così perché quasi tutte sono caratterizzate dalle iniziali wh-: who, what, which, whose, where, why, when, how, how much, how many. • Who…? (“chi…?”) si riferisce a persone e può essere soggetto o complemento.

• When…? (“quando…?”): When did you start watching “Teen”? Quando hai cominciato a vedere “Teen”?

Who switched off the computer? (soggetto) Chi ha spento il computer?

Who did you see in town? (complemento)

• How…? (“come…?”):

Chi hai visto in città?

How does your mum get to work?

Who were they looking for?

Come fa tua madre ad arrivare al lavoro?

Chi stavano cercando?

• How old…? (quanti anni…?):

• Nella lingua colloquiale who si usa con la preposizione collocata in fondo alla frase. Who were you talking to?

How old do you have to be to drive a car? Quanti anni devi avere per guidare la macchina?

• How much…? (“quanto/a…?”) si riferisce a un sostantivo non numerabile.

Con chi stavi parlando?

How much time have we got to do the test?

• What…? (“che cosa…?”) si riferisce a cose e può essere soggetto o complemento. What happened last night? (soggetto) Che cosa è successo ieri sera?

What are you doing later? (complemento oggetto)

Quanto tempo abbiamo a disposizione per fare il test?

• How many…? (“quanti/e…?”) si riferisce a un sostantivo plurale. How many people are going to England this year?

Che cosa fai più tardi?

Quante persone andranno in Inghilterra quest’anno?

• Which…? (“quale…?”) si riferisce a cose o persone e può essere pronome o aggettivo. Which is your pendrive, the red one or the blue one? (pronome) Qual è la tua chiavetta, quella rossa o quella blu?

Which team do you support? (aggettivo) Quale squadra sostieni? ATTENZIONE!

• Which può essere seguito da one o ones quando si riferisce a un sostantivo già nominato in precedenza.

Se who, what, which, how many ecc. sono soggetti della frase interrogativa il verbo è in forma affermativa, e non si usa l’ausiliare do.

I prefer the white sneakers. Which ones do you like?

Who uses the WordReference app?

Io preferisco le scarpe da ginnastica bianche. Quali ti piacciono?

Chi usa l’applicazione WordReference?

Which contain more vitamin C, oranges or lemons?

• Whose…? (“di chi…?”) è usato per formulare domande relative al possesso da parte di una persona.

Quali contengono più vitamina C, le arance o i limoni?

What happened to David?

Whose are these sunglasses?

Che cosa è successo a David?

Di chi sono questi occhiali da sole?

How many people came to the book club? Quante persone sono venute al club di lettura?

• Where…? (“dove…?”):

Who saw you last night at the pizzeria?

Where did you take that photo?

Chi ti ha visto ieri sera in pizzeria?

Dove hai scattato questa foto?

Diversamente da:

• Why…? (“perché…?”):

Who did you see last night at the pizzeria?

Why didn’t you come to the volleyball match?

Chi hai visto ieri sera in pizzeria?

Perché non sei venuto alla partita di pallavolo?

66 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

grammar stop when I saw you yesterday ? – My new boyfriend. 3. –

□ Hey dad! What have you made for dinner? 2. □ How many video games do you have? 3. □ Who took you home last night? Francesco? 4. □ Which hoodie do you like best? The black one? 5. □ What went wrong with the programme? 6. □ Which apps do you use to learn phrasal verbs? 7. □ Who helped you do these exercises? 8. □ How many people came to the party? 1.

–

bus do you take, the 45 or the 46?

– The 46. 4. –

is your costume?

– The striped one. 5. –

is that boy over there?

–

boy?

– The tall one with red hair. 6. –

I don’t know, it just stopped working. Nobody, I did them all by myself. No, my mum picked me up. Not much, I forgot to do the shopping. I use two or three, they’re all good. Not many, my parents don’t like me playing too much. g. No, I don’t like dark colours. h. Loads! The place was packed!

1. –

do you get to school?

– By bus.

a. b. c. d. e. f.

2. Put an appropriate wh- question word in the gap.

were you with at the bus

2. –

1. Circle the wh- question words if they are the subject of the sentence and underline them if they are the object of the sentence. Then match the questions to the answers.

did you buy those sandals?

– In Greece last summer. –

did they cost?

– Oh, about 25 euros. times do I have to tell you to

7.

open the window after you’ve had a shower! 8. –

wants a smoothie?

9. –

do you catch the bus to school?

– At 7.20. 10. –

is that sweatshirt?

– It’s Tim’s,

was the weather like on

?

– Because I like it, it’s cool!

Saturday? – Gorgeous. We went for a long walk along the seafront!

did

he buy it? – At the new shopping mall.

Adverbs of manner • Gli avverbi di modo rispondono alla domanda How? e si trovano in prevalenza dopo un verbo. Si formano generalmente aggiungendo il suffisso -ly all’aggettivo.

• Alcuni avverbi di modo mantengono la stessa forma dell’aggettivo: early, fast, straight, hard, late. Tomorrow I have to leave early. Domani devo partire presto.

He drove slowly because it was raining.

He usually drives very fast.

Guidava piano perché stava piovendo.

Di solito guida molto veloce.

• Possono tuttavia precedere un aggettivo, un participio passato o un altro avverbio.

• L’avverbio di good è well. I did this exercise really well.

She’s incredibly beautiful.

Ho svolto questo esercizio davvero bene.

È incredibilmente bella.

• Alcuni avverbi hanno due forme (con o senza -ly) con due significati diversi.

Nobody was seriously injured in the accident. Nessuno è rimasto gravemente ferito nell’incidente.

I did this exercise surprisingly quickly.

hard high late near

Ha fatto questo esercizio in modo sorprendentemente veloce.

hard (“tanto/duramente”) – hardly (“a stento”) high (“in alto”) – highly (“altamente”) late (“in ritardo”) – lately (“recentemente”) near (“vicino”) – nearly (“quasi”)

67 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP

8

Modifiche ortografiche • Se l’aggettivo termina in -y, questa si trasforma in -i e si aggiunge -ly.

• Se l’aggettivo termina in -ple, -ble o -tle, l’avverbio termina in -ply, -bly o -tly. simple ➞ simply probable ➞ probably subtle ➞ subtly

happy ➞ happily

3. Write the adverb next to the adjective. 1. fast

4. Now complete the sentences using an adverb from exercise 3. 1. Trent didn’t play very on Saturday. ? 2. How did you get here so successful in 3. The Beatles were the 60s and 70s. recommended by 4. This book is the teachers. all winter to 5. I have to get up go to school; now it’s summer and I can get up . during the night and 6. It snowed in the morning the children built a snowman.

2. high 3. quick 4. heavy 5. happy 6. incredible 7. good 8. early 9. terrible 10. late

The definite article • In inglese l’articolo determinativo ha un’unica forma, the, invariabile nel genere e nel numero, e corrisponde all’italiano “il”, “lo”, “la”, “i”, “gli”, “le”. the student the pen the students the pens

• L’articolo determinativo si usa anche davanti a:

• L’articolo determinativo viene usato davanti a sostantivi singolari o plurali per indicare persone o cose:

– nomi di cui esiste solo un esemplare

– già note a chi parla o a chi ascolta

– nomi dei locali della casa quando sono unici

– nomi singolari numerabili che rappresentano una categoria The elephant is the largest living-land animal. L’elefante è il più grande animale terrestre vivente.

the sun, the moon, the sky, the world, the North Pole

Have you got the car keys?

the hall, the utility room

Hai le chiavi della macchina?

• L’articolo the viene anche usato con i nomi geografici che indicano:

I need the memory stick I lent you. Ho bisogno della chiavetta che ti ho prestato.

– catene montuose

I’ve got a motorbike and a car. The car is a Lancia and the motorbike is a Honda.

the Alps, the Rocky Mountains

Ho una moto e una macchina. La macchina è una Lancia e la moto è una Honda.

– arcipelaghi (ma non singole isole) the Hebrides, the Balearic Islands

– rese specifiche da un complemento introdotto da of, in, for o da una proposizione relativa

– fiumi, canali, mari, oceani (ma non laghi), deserti the Thames, the Seine, the Mediterranean, the Atlantic, the Pacific, the Sahara

A

The children in 3 are rather noisy. I bambini in 3A sono piuttosto rumorosi.

– nazioni con un nome plurale o composte dalle parole Kingdom/Federation/Republic

The lady who answered the phone was very polite. La signora che ha risposto al telefono è stata molto gentile.

the USA, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, the Russian Federation, the Republic of China

68 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

grammar – alcuni nomi di stato, di regione o di città singolari

– le parti del corpo e i capi d’abbigliamento (l’articolo viene sostituito dall’aggettivo possessivo)

the Crimea, the Congo, the Hague

Raise your hands! She took off her scarf.

• L’articolo determinativo non si usa con: – i sostantivi usati in senso generico

Alza le mani! Si è tolta la sciarpa.

– i nomi delle nazioni al singolare

Cats are more independent than dogs.

Juanita lives in Spain.

I gatti sono più indipendenti dei cani.

Juanita vive in Spagna.

– gli aggettivi possessivi e il genitivo sassone

– i continenti

His girlfriend is a professional ballerina.

Asia is the most densely populated continent.

La sua fidanzata è una ballerina professionista.

L’Asia è il continente più densamente popolato.

Keith’s daughter is 16 tomorrow.

– le isole

La figlia di Keith compie 16 anni domani.

Santorini is one of the most beautiful islands in the world.

– le ore It’s 12 o’clock. / It’s half past seven.

Santorini è una delle isole più belle del mondo.

Solo le 12. / Sono le sette e mezza.

– i laghi

– bus, train, plane quando sono usati come complemento di mezzo

Lake Windermere is the biggest lake in the Lake District. Il lago Windermere è il più grande lago del Lake District.

They travelled round Europe by train. Hanno fatto il giro dell’Europa con il treno.

5. Reorder the words to make sentences and insert the where necessary. 1. was / broke / Jim / while / he / his / waterpolo / arm / playing 2. in / rabbit / Pygmy rabbit / is / smallest / world 3. are / hiss / afraid / Snakes / they / when 4. people / restaurants / Fast food / millions / daily / of / serve 5. largest / is / in / Which / country / Europe / ? 6. villa / a / Prince Harry / in / Los Angeles / Megan Markle / bought / and

6. Write the where necessary. If not write “0”. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Norway Indian Ocean English Channel Japan Lake Ontario River Tiber United Arab Emirates Lake Superior USA Greek Islands

The indefinite article • In inglese l’articolo indeterminativo ha due forme, a e an, invariabili per genere; traducono l’italiano “un”, “uno”, “una”. La forma a si usa davanti alle parole che iniziano con consonante, con h aspirata e con il suono /ju/. La forma an si usa davanti a vocale e h muta. a book a horse (h aspirata) an answer

– davanti ai nomi che indicano professioni o mestieri He’s a doctor. She’s a teacher.

È un dottore. È un’insegnante.

– con alcune parti del corpo (beard, moustache…) He’s got a thick black moustache.

a computer a university an honour (h muta)

Ha dei folti baffi neri.

She’s got a high forehead.

Ha una fronte alta.

– nelle espressioni che indicano

• L’articolo indeterminativo viene usato:

– prezzo:

– come in italiano davanti a nomi numerabili singolari quando non sono determinati o vi si accenna per la prima volta

Apples cost two euros a kilo. Le mele costano due euro al chilo.

– velocità:

He was driving at 90 kilometres an hour. Stava guidando a 90 chilometri orari.

– frequenza: He plays tennis three times a week.

I’ve got a new mobile phone. Ho un cellulare nuovo.

Gioca a tennis tre volte alla settimana.

69 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

STEP

8

7. Write a or an if necessary. If not, write “0”.

8. Write a or an.

1. Cherries cost 2 euros kilo at the street market. answer. 2. He pushed me for burgers and chips 3. At school we had lunch today. for short black hair and green 4. He’s got eyes. friend of mine studies at Oxford 5. Univeristy. day. 6. I walk my dog twice 7. I went hot air ballooning this weekend. It was amazing experience! sugar in your tea? 8. Do you take

1.

unicorn

2.

university grant

3.

heiress

4.

European country

5.

historic town own

6.

X ray

7.

home

8.

UFO

9.

umbrella a

10.

hourly bus service e

step it up 9. Read the text and choose the right option.

SPOR

T

PARKOUR

The world of extreme sports is growing very (1) fast / faster / fastly y in popularity. Both adults and teenagers are keen to participate in these risky, sometimes (2) extreme eme / extremely / extremist dangerous sports; one of these is Parkour. (3) The / A / An word parkour derives from parcours du combattant (obstacle course), a method d of military training. It is a form of entertainment or (4) an / the / a hobby in which (5) the goal / a goal / the goals is to move from one place to another as (6) quick / quickly / quicker and efficiently as possible without (7) an equipment / equipment / equipments. It is practised in (8) the rural / rural / a rural and urban areas by “traceurs” or “traceuses” (females), and they are often very (9) highly-skilled / highskilled / more-skilled athletes or stuntmen. The sport requires1 significant technical ability as well as strength and endurance. Although Parkour involves2 many risks and many people get injured every day, it is important for kids to express themselves (10) physically / physical / physique – these sports can build self-confidence, relieve3 stress and promote physical fitness. 1. require_richiede

19

2. involves_comporta

3. relieve_alleviare

10. Translate the following sentences. Then listen and check. 4. – Chi ti viene a prendere in discoteca questa sera? – I miei, ma non posso stare fino a tardi. Devo alzarmi presto domani mattina. 5. Nora perso la partita perché ha giocato veramente male. Per fortuna la stagione è quasi finita! 6. – Quanto spesso ti alleni? – Ultimamente, quasi tutti i giorni.

1. – Con chi è andato in vacanza Michele? – Con un suo amico. 2. – Quest’estate lavoro in un ristorante. Lavoro duramente per 10 ore al giorno! 3. – Hai sentito che ieri un ragazzo è stato ferito in modo molto grave in un incidente di moto in centro città? – Eh lo so, vanno sempre troppo veloce.

70 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

BOOST

your language!

Cool slang 1. Match the slang expressions in column A to the word(s) in column B. A

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

B

a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l.

□ awesome □ chill □ dude □ dunno □ stuff □ epic fail □ what’s up? □ hang out □ have a crush on somebody □ dump somebody □ hooked on something □ rip-off

a boy or a man crazy about something don’t know finish a romantic relationship big failure how are you? like somebody a lot relax spend free time things too expensive for what it is amazing

2. Read the dialogues and complete them with the slang expressions in exercise 1. 1. – What did you think of “The Crown”? – Oh, it was

2. – Busy this weekend? – No, I think I’ll just in the town centre with my friends.

!

3. – Who’s that over there? – Oh, it’s my sister’s boyfriend

I loved it! 5. Don’t leave all your on the floor! Pick it up!

4. – What are you doing this weekend? – Oh, nothing much, we’re just going to

6. – Why is Brad so mad? – I think his girlfriend has just him.

at home. 8. – Did you see Barcelona lost 8-2? – Yeah, !

7. – What do you think of that new sitcom? – It’s brilliant – I’m already!

10. – I really like Harry Styles. – Yeah, who doesn’t him?

9. – Where’s Cassie? ,

– she’s never on time.

11. – How much did you pay for your scooter? – 2000 euros – What?? What a !! It’s only worth half that! 71 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

12. – Hey Tom, – Oh, nothing much…

?

BOOST your language!

False friends ENGLISH

REAL MEANING

FALSE FRIEND IN ITALIAN

TRANSLATION IN ENGLISH

accident

incidente

accidenti!

damn!

actually

in realtà

attualmente

currently

advice

consiglio

avviso

warning

argument

litigio

argomento

topic

attend

assistere, frequentare

attendere

to wait

basket

cesto

basket

basketball

box

scatola

box

garage

canteen

mensa

cantina

cellar, wine shop

college

università

collegio

boarding school

conductor

direttore d’orchestra

conduttore

driver

confidence

fiducia

confidenza

familiarity

to control

dominare

controllare

to check

convenient

comodo, adatto

conveniente

cheap, advantageous

educated

colto

educato

polite

eventually

alla fine

eventualmente

possibly, if necessary

extravagant

spendaccione (persona) esorbitante (prezzo)

stravagante

odd, bizarre

factory

fabbrica

fattoria

farm

firm

ditta

firma

signature

large

grande

largo

wide

library

biblioteca

libreria

bookshop

lunatic

pazzo

lunatico

moody

magazine

rivista

magazzino

warehouse

morbid

morboso

morbido

soft

nervous

teso, inquieto, ansioso

nervoso

irritable

notices

avvisi

notizie

news

novel

romanzo

novella

short story

parent

genitore

parente

relative

pavement

marciapiede

pavimento

floor

petrol

benzina

petrolio

oil, petroleum

to pretend

fingere, simulare

pretendere

to claim, to assume

to retire

andare in pensione

ritirare

to withdraw

rumour

pettegolezzo, diceria

rumore

noise

sensible

sensato, ragionevole

sensibile

sensitive

spot

foruncolo

spot

advert (ad), commercial

sympathetic

compassionevole, comprensivo

simpatico

friendly

terrific

formidabile, eccezionale

terribile

terrible, awful

toast

pane tostato

toast

toasted sandwich, toastie

72 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

1. Read the clues and solve the crossword. Across 2. The

of today’s debate is social networks. !

4. Our new English teacher is really

is on at 8.00pm.

6. The BBC national

.

7. On the bus it’s forbidden to speak to the .

9. I’m not very hungry. I’ll just have a Down 1. I bought this novel from the new 3. Have you seen the new It’s amazing! 5. It wasn’t very without asking.

in town. for Coke?

of you to serve yourself

1

6. Why are the children making so much 8. You can park your car in my

.

2

if you like.

3 5

4

6

7 8 9

2. Choose the right word. 1. Over there on the wall there is a warning / advert about incorrect behaviour.

5. The local shop has very cheap / convenient opening hours.

2. The band is currently / actually on tour in the USA.

6. These sneakers are really soft / morbid and comfortable to wear.

3. My dad keeps his wine in the cellar / canteen.

7. You shouldn’t use perfumed soap on sensitive / sensible skin.

4. My grandma invited relatives / parents from the four corners of the world for her 80th birthday party.

8. I get very nervous / irritable before a big race. 73

EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

BOOST your language!

British English and American English vocabulary BRITISH ENGLISH

AMERICAN ENGLISH

ITALIAN

flat

apartment

appartamento

biscuit

cookie

biscotto

lift

elevator

ascensore

rubber

eraser

gomma da cancellare

chips

french fries

patatine fritte

post

mail

posta

maths

math

matematica

film

movie

film

on holiday

on vacation

in vacanza

trousers

pants

pantaloni

pavement

sidewalk

marciapiede

football

soccer

calcio

rubbish

trash/garbage

spazzatura

jumper/pullover

sweater

maglione

autumn

fall

autunno

garden

yard

giardino

Spelling BRITISH ENGLISH

Grammar

AMERICAN ENGLISH

BRITISH ENGLISH

AMERICAN ENGLISH

colour

color

At the weekend

On the weekend

favour

favor

At Christmas

On Christmas

centre

center

Monday to Friday

Monday through Friday

metre

meter

organise

organize

Have you already got the tickets?

Have you already gotten the tickets?

realise

realize

We have got a new car

We have a new car

travelled

traveled

We’ve already seen that film

We already saw that film

cancelled

canceled

She’s just left

She just left

cheque

check

I haven’t read the book yet

I didn’t read the book yet

grey

gray

programme

program

pyjamas

pajamas 74 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

1. WORDSEARCH. Look at the pictures and find the words.

R

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75 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

BOOST your language!

Nouns to remember abitudine custom: consuetudine, usanza Each country has its own customs and traditions. habit: abitudine (personale), vizio Brushing your teeth after every meal is a good habit. Smoking again? What a terrible habit! routine: routine, abitudini ripetitive Jack’s daily routine is taking the kids to school in the morning, then going to work, and doing household chores in the evening.

biglietto/prezzo

fee: retta scolastica/parcella Student fees are higher for non-residents. price: prezzo di un prodotto What is the price of diamonds at the moment?

gioco game: gioco, partita, incontro sportivo Do you fancy a game of cards? joke: scherzo, barzelletta Mike is really good at telling jokes! play: usato al singolare indica “attività ludica” Play is an important part of growing up.

ticket: biglietto del treno/ autobus/cinema/teatro Tickets are available at the Art Centre for £3.50. note: banconota Have you got change for a twenty-pound note? fare: prezzo di un biglietto per un mezzo di trasporto Train fares are going up again.

labour: forza lavoro The cost of labour has increased significantly recently.

strada/via road: indica solitamente una strada in un contesto urbano o extra urbano The road curved suddenly to the left. street: indica una strada in un contesto urbano Aimee lives on the same street as Abbey. way: indica la direzione, il tragitto Do you know the way to the new train station?

straniero

lavoro work: è un sostantivo non numerabile e indica il lavoro in generale I’ve got lots of work to do this morning. job: indica un’attività, una professione She got a job at the local bowling alley. My mum has a good job in the local bank.

foreigner: una persona che si trova in una nazione diversa da quella della sua cittadinanza It’s difficult for a foreigner to understand phrasal verbs. stranger: sconosciuto, estraneo Don’t speak to strangers!

1. Choose the correct noun from the list. 1. He attempted a

but

5. I have never met a

nobody laughed.

speaks such good English.

2. The child ran off when a

6. What is the return

offered him sweets. 3. Fred has this irritating

to

Glasgow? 7. The rules of the

of

interrupting! 4. I think I’ve got the

who

are

quite simple. 8. I drove the wrong

– let’s

celebrate!

a one-way street. 76 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

down

Verbs to remember affittare to rent: dare o prendere in affitto We rented a flat in Sardinia last summer. to let: dare in affitto My aunt let her house when she went to live abroad. to hire/to rent: si usano entrambi per il noleggio di un mezzo di trasporto I always hire/rent a car when I go on holiday. to hire: ha anche il significato di assumere qualcuno It would be a good idea to hire an accountant.

conoscere to know: conoscere da tempo, sapere I haven’t been here long so I don’t know many people. to meet: fare la conoscenza I met my boyfriend at the drama club. to get to know: imparare a conoscere qualcuno Diego’s very nice – I’d like to get to know him better.

crescere to grow: crescere, coltivare prodotti agricoli Wow! You’ve grown fast! My neighbours grow all their own vegetables. to grow up: diventare adulto I grew up in a small town just outside Edinburgh.

educare to bring up: educare (in un contesto familiare) The children were brought up to respect their elders. to educate: si riferisce all’insegnamento, soprattutto scolastico My cousins were educated at Eton College.

indossare, vestirsi to wear: portare un certo capo di abbigliamento What are you going to wear to the party? to get dressed, to dress oneself: vestirsi I usually get dressed/dress myself after breakfast, not before. to dress: vestire/essere vestito in modo ricercato My mum has to dress quite smartly for work. to put on: mettere un indumento (l’atto di indossare) Put your hat and gloves on – it’s very cold today.

perdere to lose: perdere un oggetto, un incontro sportivo, peso… I lost my identity card at the airport.

How many goals has he missed this season? I really miss pizza when I go abroad.

prendere to catch: prendere un mezzo di trasporto, afferrare, prendere una malattia The kids usually catch the bus to school. Catch the ball! I caught a cold from you! to collect/to fetch/to get/ to pick up: andare, passare a prendere My friend’s dad collected us from school at 13.30. to get/to buy: comprare I got a book for my mum for her birthday. to take: prendere un oggetto, una direzione, un mezzo di trasporto She took her computer to the shop to be repaired. They took the wrong turning and got lost. I have to take the 7-o’clock train to get to school on time.

sembrare to feel: sentirsi, sembrare al tatto How are you feeling today? Your pullover feels really soft. to look: avere l’aspetto, apparire You look exhausted!

We played well but we lost 3-0. Sally’s on a diet – she’s lost 8 kg so far.

to sound: sentire (udito) That sounds like my brother coming now!

to miss: perdere un mezzo di trasporto, un’opportunità, mancare un bersaglio, sentire la mancanza di qualcuno o qualcosa Hurry up or we’ll miss the train!

to smell: sembrare (olfatto) That bread smells lovely!

77 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

to taste: sembrare (gusto) This fish tastes a bit strange.

BOOST your language! suonare

vedere/guardare/osservare

to look (at): guardare What are you looking at?

to ring: squillare, riferito al telefono/campanello… The phone never stops ringing!

to see: vedere, capire, (andare a) trovare/visitare qualcuno I can’t see the blackboard. Can you step aside, please?

to watch: osservare/guardare un film, programma Will you watch the kids for a few minutes, please?

to play: suonare uno strumento musicale Paula is learning how to play the harp.

Ah, ok, now I see what you mean. I’m going to see the dentist tomorrow morning.

We watched a football match on TV last night.

2. Write the verb in the correct form. Choose from the list. 1. How long

6. Strawberries

(you) each

other?

best in a

cool, moist climate.

2. We did some interesting activities

7. Many women still take career breaks to

each other.

their children.

3. Let’s leave early – I don’t want

yesterday? ! The

4. Hurry up and

9. Children are in such a hurry nowadays. Life is long!

guests will be here soon! 5. They

(you)

8. How many fish

the train!

every Friday to play

rooms in

10. Most students

5-a-side football.

university residences in their first year.

GLOSSARY English-Italian

a achieve (v) raggiungere agarwood (n) legno di agar ahoy esclamazione usata per attirare l’attenzione su qualcosa a distanza aimlessly (avv) senza meta all-rounder (agg) versatile apology (n) scusa appeal (v) piacere ashore (avv) a riva aside (avv) da parte average (n) media

b bagpipe (n) cornamusa

bargain (n) accordo barrel (n) botte batter (n) pastella bloodthirsty (agg) assetato di sangue board (v) imbarcarsi, salire a bordo bonding (n) legame book (v) prenotare bow (n) prua brass (agg) di ottone bright (agg) radioso briskly (avv) in modo spiccio, svelto broadcast (n) trasmissione burn (v) bruciare bury (v) seppellire 78 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

c ceilidh (n) festa celtica chase (v) rincorrere, inseguire chatty (agg) loquace cheat on (v) tradire cheerful (agg) allegro chilling (agg) agghiacciante cold-bloodedly (avv) a sangue freddo colour blindness (n) daltonismo come about (v) avvenire, succedere cons (n) i contro cove (n) insenatura crawl (v) strisciare creep (v) strisciare lentamente

crew (n) equipaggio cutlass (n) sciabola da abbordaggio

d dagger (n) pugnale deep-fried (agg) fritto in abbondante olio delighted (agg) contentissimo dig (v) scavare disappointed (agg) deluso disappointment (n) delusione diver (n) subacqueo dolines (n) doline drag (v) trascinare drift (v) andare alla deriva drop (v) lasciare, lasciare cadere

e eager (agg) impaziente, desideroso entrepreneur (n) imprenditore

f fabric (n) tessuto fad (n) moda passeggera faint (v) svenire farewell (n) addio, congedo farm (v) coltivare fence (n) recinto, staccionata float (v) galleggiare flood (v) inondare fond of (agg) affezionato a food for thought (n) punto di riflessione forehold (n) stiva

g gain (v) guadagnare galley (n) cambusa get on (v) andare d’accordo get rid of (v) liberarsi di gig (n) concerto give up (v) rinunciare, abbandonare, arrendersi goal (n) obiettivo, meta gold bar lingotto d’oro grab (v) afferrare grip (v) afferrare growl (v) ringhiare grumble (v) brontolare, lamentarsi

h

n

halt (n) fermata, sosta handle (n) maniglia hang (v) issare hanging (agg) appeso, sospeso harm (n) danno haul (v) trascinare, trasportare head up (v) dirigersi verso held (v) trattenere hub (n) cuore, centro huge (agg) enorme hunger (n) fame hunt (n) caccia

nasty (agg) brutto

i involve (v) comportare

j joke (n, v) scherzo, scherzare

k keen (agg) appassionato kick in (v) dare calci

l label (n) etichetta ladder (n) scala landfill (n) discarica landslide (n) frana leap (v) saltare likely (agg) probabile limestone cave pearls (n) perle di calcare della grotta liver (n) fegato load (v) caricare loghouse (n) casa in tronchi di legno lookout (n) vedetta, sentinella loose (agg) sciolto, libero lung (n) polmone

m maroon (v) abbandonare in un luogo deserto mast (n) albero maestro meantime (avv) nel frattempo mood (n) umore, stato d’animo muddy (agg) fangoso mug (n) tazza mutiny (n) ammutinamento 79 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

o otherwise (cong) altrimenti outgoing (agg) socievole overall (agg) complessivamente owe (v) dovere own (v) possedere, avere

p perish (v) perire, morire pick sb/sthg up (n) prendere qualcuno/qualcosa porridge (n) piatto a base di fiocchi di avena portray (v) ritrarre purse (n) portafoglio

r ransack (v) rovistare, frugare rate (v) valutare relative (n) parente relay (n) staffetta relieve (v) alleviare require (v) richiedere retailer (n) rivenditore row (v) remare rowing boat (n) barca a remi run (v) gestire, svolgersi

s sabre (n) sciabola sail (n) vela sea-chest (n) cassa da marinaio seafaring (agg) marinaro set off (v) partire set sail (v) salpare shallow (agg) poco profonda share (v) condividere shipwreck (n) naufragio skating rink (n) pista di ghiaccio skill (n) abilità slide down (v) scivolare in giù slope (n) pendio smash (v) sfasciare spare (v) risparmiare spin round (v) girare intorno spot (v) notare, individuare spread (n) diffusione Squire (n) nobile proprietario terriero

GLOSSARY stage name (n) nome d’arte stare at (v) fissare stick (v) attaccare, attaccarsi storey (n) piano storm off (v) andarsene arrabbiato stow away (v) nascondere stream (n) ruscello, fiume strike (v) colpire stripe (n) riga stuff (n) roba summons (n) mandato, convocazione swing (v) sbandierare, oscillare

t tap (v) picchiettare tear (v) strappare telescope (n) cannocchiale

tend (v) prendersi cura thigh (n) coscia though (cong) anche se throw (v) lanciare tied back (agg) legati dietro, raccolti tight (agg) stretto tin (n) stagno, latta tip (n) punto topic (n) argomento treat (v) trattare trick (n) trabocchetto, inganno truce (n) tregua trust (n) fiducia tweak (v) modificare

unwilling (agg) riluttante

u

y

underground (agg) sotteraneo

yard (n) iarda (0,9 m)

fare uno sciopero (v) to strike, to go on strike ferito (agg) injured gabbia (n) cage incidente (n) accident lavori di casa (n) housework mal di pancia (n) stomach ache mancare la luce (n) lack of light matrimonio (n) wedding non male (agg) not bad

ore e ore (n) hours and hours

v venue (n) luogo, sede verge (n) bordo, limite

w wander off (v) allontanarsi whereas (cong) mentre whirl (n) vortice whirl (v) trascinare; girare, turbinare whopping (agg) enorme worsen (v) peggiorare

Italian-English all’estero (avv) abroad andare a prendere (v) to pick up arrabbiato (n) angry bagnino (n) lifeguard cercare (v) to search (for) chiacchierare (v) chat consiglio (n) advice criceto (n) hamster due volte alla settimana (avv) twice a week

Responsabile editoriale lingue straniere Samantha Papaianni Redazione, coordinamento e ricerca iconografica Paola Bollani Progetto grafico e copertina Giuseppina Vailati Canta Impaginazione Valentina Greco Disegni Filippo Pietrobon Contenuti digitali Progettazione Marco Mauri, Giovanna Moraglia Realizzazione Alberto Vailati Canta, bSmart labs

Referenze iconografiche UE - Unione europea / ICP Online / Shutterstock Tutte le altre immagini provengono dall’Archivio Principato. Per le riproduzioni di testi e immagini appartenenti a terzi, inserite in quest’opera, l’editore è a disposizione degli aventi diritto non potuti reperire, nonché per eventuali non volute omissioni e/o errori di attribuzione nei riferimenti. ISBN 978-88-416-4380-8 Step on it 1 con The Story Treasure Island ISBN 978-88-6706-137-1 Step on it 1 con The Story Treasure Island solo versione digitale Prima edizione: gennaio 2021 Ristampe 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 VI V IV III II I* Printed in Italy © 2021 - Proprietà letteraria riservata.

peggiorare (v) to get worse prendere il sole (v) to sunbathe ricerca (n) research rivista (n) magazine rubare (v) to steal sciopero (n) strike sottotitoli (n) subtitles spiccioli (n) change

È vietata la riproduzione, anche parziale, con qualsiasi mezzo effettuata, compresa la fotocopia, anche ad uso interno o didattico, non autorizzata. Le fotocopie per uso personale del lettore possono essere effettuate nei limiti del 15% di ciascun volume dietro pagamento alla SIAE del compenso previsto dall’art. 68, commi 4 e 5, della legge 22 aprile 1941 n. 633. Le riproduzioni per finalità di carattere professionale, economico o commerciale o comunque per uso diverso da quello personale, possono essere effettuate a seguito di specifica autorizzazione rilasciata da CLEARedi (Centro licenze e autorizzazioni per le riproduzioni editoriali), corso di Porta Romana 108, 20122 Milano, e-mail autorizzazioni@clearedi. org e sito web www.clearedi.org. L’editore fornisce – per il tramite dei testi scolastici da esso pubblicati e attraverso i relativi supporti o nei siti www.principato.it e www.europassedizioni.it – materiali e link a siti di terze parti esclusivamente per fini didattici o perché indicati e consigliati da altri siti istituzionali. Pertanto l’editore non è responsabile, neppure indiretta-

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mente, del contenuto e delle immagini riprodotte su tali siti in data successiva a quella della pubblicazione, dopo aver controllato la correttezza degli indirizzi web ai quali si rimanda. Casa Editrice G. Principato Via G.B. Fauché 10 - 20154 Milano siti web: http://www.principato.it http://www.europassedizioni.it e-mail: [email protected] La casa editrice attua procedure idonee ad assicurare la qualità nel processo di progettazione, realizzazione e distribuzione dei prodotti editoriali. La realizzazione di un libro scolastico è infatti un’attività complessa che comporta controlli di varia natura. È pertanto possibile che, dopo la pubblicazione, siano riscontrabili errori e imprecisioni. La casa editrice ringrazia fin da ora chi vorrà segnalarli a: Servizio clienti Principato e-mail: [email protected] Stampa: XXXXXXXXXXXXXX

by Robert Louis Stevenson

M E E TE TH OR AUTH

The characters Jim Hawkins The protagonist of the book. He is a young, adventurous country boy (probably 12 to 14 years old) who goes on a treasurehunting voyage to Treasure Island. His parents own the Admiral Benbow Inn.

Although Robert Louis Stevenson only lived to the age of 44, he had a great impact on the world of literature. He was born on November 13, 1850 in Edinburgh, Scotland and spent much of his childhood in bed with serious health problems. He studied law at Edinburgh University but turned his attention to writing after graduating. He wrote adventure and travel books, novels for adults, short stories and poems. He eventually settled in Samoa in the South Pacific with his wife, where he was very popular. He died on December 3, 1894 in Vailima, Samoa, following a stroke.

Long John Silver The dangerous one-legged man who works as a cook on the Hispaniola and leads the mutineers’ attack against Captain Smollett’s men.

Captain Billy Bones A tall, strong, heavy, and drunken man with a sabre1 cut across his right cheek who comes to the Admiral Benbow Inn with an old sea-chest2.

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Dr Livesey

The places

A calm, composed man who decides to take Jim on the voyage. He is also a close friend of the Hawkins family.

Squire3 JohnTrelawney A close associate of Dr Livesey. He is the person who arranges and finances the voyage to Treasure Island. The novel Treasure Island is set in two separate locations in the mid-18th century. The book opens at the Admiral Benbow, a small seaside inn located near Bristol on the Southwestern coast of England. It is at the Admiral Benbow Inn where Jim, at the request of Dr Livesey and Squire Trelawney, records the story of their journey to Treasure Island. Most of the novel, however, takes place on Treasure Island and the ocean that surrounds it. The island is a huge stretch of land in the West Indies, inhabited mostly by wild animals and birds. Most of the island is covered with grey woods, filled with tall trees and hills.

Blind Pew A blind beggar, who was once a friend of the pirate Captain Flint and visitor to Captain Billy Bones at the Admiral Benbow Inn. He dies after being trampled under some horses.

Captain Smollett Ben Gunn

The brave Captain of the Hispaniola. He is intelligent, tactful, and very strict when it comes to handling the ship and its crew.

The only human inhabitant of Treasure Island. He was marooned by his fellow pirates three years back.

1 sabre sciabola 2 sea-chest cassa da marinaio 3 Squire nobile proprietario terriero

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TREASURE ISLAND

EPISODE

1

Billy Bones

M

y name is Jim Hawkins and my story begins at the Admiral Benbow Inn, a guest house owned by my parents on the south west coast of England. I remember the pirate Captain Billy Bones very well. One day he walked in through the door of the inn – a big, brown-skinned old man, his long dirty hair tied back1 in a pigtail and a nasty2 scar on his cheek. He was dragging3 an enormous sea-chest behind him. He shouted fiercely, “I want a room!” and threw some gold coins on the floor. “Tell me when I’ve worked through that!” During his stay he often asked if any seafaring4 men had stopped at the inn, and every day, sun or rain, he climbed to the top of the cliff and looked out to sea using his brass telescope5. In the evenings, he sat beside the fire and told us terrible stories of shipwrecks6 and sang old pirate songs. It wasn’t long before I started to understand the reason for this strange behaviour. “Listen here, Jim!” he said to me one morning, “I’ll give you a penny a month if you keep your eyes peeled for7 a one-legged man!” How the man with one leg haunted my dreams! On stormy nights I saw him in a thousand forms. Sometimes his leg was cut off at the knee, sometimes at the thigh8. In my nightmares, he chased9 me, calling out my name and hopping on his good leg. He was always just behind me. Bones stayed for several months at the inn but never offered any extra payment. It was during this period that my father fell ill and died. The day after my father’s funeral, I was standing at the door feeling 1 2 3 4 5

tied back raccolti nasty brutta dragging trascinando seafaring marinaro brass telescope cannocchiale di ottone

very sad when I saw a blind man slowly walking up the road, tapping10 the ground with a stick. As he came near, he called out, “I am Blind Pew! Can you please tell me where I am?” “You’re at the Admiral Benbow Inn,” I explained. “Please give me your hand and take me in!” I gave him my hand, and the blind man gripped11 it hard. I struggled to escape but he pulled me towards him.

6 shipwrecks naufragi 7 keep your eyes peeled for tieni gli occhi ben aperti per 8 thigh coscia 9 chased rincorse 10 tapping picchiettando

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Comprehension 1 1. Read and listen to the story, then match the sentences.

“Now, you listen to me, boy,” the blind man growled12, “take me to Billy Bones. If you don’t, I’ll break your arm!” I obeyed him without further hesitation. I took him to the room where the captain was resting. When he saw Pew, he turned pale. The blind man put a piece of paper into his hand, left the inn and went back along the road, his stick tapping as he hurried away.

Jim’s parents own a guest house A pirate called Billy Bones Bones asked Jim to keep his eyes open A blind man called Pew came to the inn When Bones saw the Black Spot Jim and his mother

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. a. b. c. d. e. f.

Bones stared at 13 the piece of paper. I could see that there was a black spot in the middle of it and some writing. “Pew has given me the Black Spot!” cried Bones. “But what is the Black Spot captain?” I asked. “It’s a summons14, mate. Mutiny! 15 ”and with that he crashed to the floor. I hurried to assist him, but it was too late. He was dead. My mother and I decided to open the captain’s seachest and take the money he owed us. But it was locked – we had to find the key. I searched the dead man’s pockets, but I could not find it. “Perhaps it’s round his neck,” suggested my mother anxiously. I opened up his shirt, and there it was, hanging16 from a piece of string.

took the key to Bones’ chest. he fell to the floor and died. for a man with one leg. called the Admiral Benbow Inn. came to stay at the inn. looking for Bones.

2. REPORT BACK. Use the following words to complete the summary. neck • chest • blind • fell • scarred • money • guest house • one-legged Jim Hawkins’ parents ran a (1) called the Admiral Benbow. One day an old, (2)

dirty hair called Billy Bones showed up at the inn, dragging behind him a large (3)

gripped afferrò growled ringhiò stared at fissò summons un mandato, una convocazione

, looking to rent a

room. Bones stayed for several months but did not pay for his room or board. He spent most of his time watching the sea. He paid Jim a small amount of money to look out for a (4)

sailor

who he seemed to fear. One

afternoon,

a

(5)

man arrived at the inn and demanded to see Bones. When he saw him, he put something into his hand and left quickly. When Bones saw that it was the Black Spot,

11 12 13 14

sailor with long,

he

(6)

to

the

floor and died. Jim and his mother took

15 Mutiny! Ammutinamento! 16 hanging appesa

the key to the chest from round Bones’ (7)

and went to get the

(8)

that Bones owed them.

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TREASURE ISLAND

EPISODE

2

The sea-chest

I

cut the string with a knife, and then we raced upstairs to unlock the chest. Inside we found a new suit, a tin mug1, guns, a Spanish watch, some shells… but no money. Then, right at the bottom my mother found some gold coins and a small packet. “I’ll only take what he owed2 us, no more no less. I’m an honest woman,” she said, taking some of the money. Just then, we heard a tapping noise outside the inn. We held3 our breath as the door handle4 slowly turned. Fortunately, my mother had locked the door and we heard the stick tapping down the road again. “That was Blind Pew,” I said to my mother. “He’s looking for Billy Bones’ chest! We have to go before he comes back again with his men!”

The pirates were furious – they started to smash6 the windows, throw7 the furniture around and kick in8 the doors. The inn was destroyed. “The boy can’t be far!” screamed Pew, “Get him! He’s got the map!” Pew’s anger escalated and he started to swing9 his stick at the others. Suddenly, horses arrived from the top of a nearby hill and they galloped past Pew, knocking him to the ground. He lay there silent. He was dead. Then I saw that the horsemen were officers and they were looking for the pirates. One of the horsemen took us to Dr Livesey’s house. He was the local doctor who had looked after my father. He was with his friend Squire Trelawney, a powerful local nobleman. We told them what had happened and when Dr Livesey saw the packet he was very interested.

I took the small packet and we ran out of the inn. Then, sure enough, I saw some men coming towards the inn. “Under the bridge, quick!” I said to my mother. From our hiding place I could see eight men standing at the door of the inn. They looked like pirates… “Inside! Find him!” a chilling5 voice commanded. Five of the pirates broke down the door and ran inside while Blind Pew and the other two waited outside. A cry came from inside the guest house, “Billy’s dead!” Blind Pew ordered, “Look for his chest! Get the map!” After a few minutes, one of the pirates shouted out, “Somebody’s been here already! The money’s gone!” “Forget the money! Is Flint’s map there?” asked Blind Pew. “No, that’s gone too,” came the reply. 1 2 3 4 5 6

tin mug tazza di latta 7 throw lanciare 8 kick in dare calci a owed doveva 9 swing sbandierare held trattenemmo 10 bloodthirsty assetato handle maniglia di sangue chilling agghiacciante 11 buried seppellì smash sfasciare

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Comprehension The two men started to talk about a certain Captain Flint. Livesey explained, “Flint was a cruel, bloodthirsty10 pirate. He robbed many ships, stole their treasure and buried11 it somewhere. Apparently, Billy Bones helped him.” The doctor looked at the packet on the table and said, “Let’s open this and see what it tells us…” The packet contained a book and a map. Printed on the first page were the words “Billy Bones, his accounts”, and the next twenty pages were filled with dates, sums of money and little crosses. There was also a list of the names of the ships that Flint had robbed and how much money he had paid Bones to help him bury the treasure and look after the map. The map itself showed a small island with some notes about how to get there, and where a ship could anchor. There was a star in red ink in the southwest part of the island and under the star there was a note: “Treasure here”.

2 1. Read and listen to the story. Answer the questions. 1. What did Jim and his mother find in the chest? 2. Why did Blind Pew come to the inn? 3. Why did the pirates destroy the inn? 4. Who was Captain Flint? 5. What did the map show? 2. Find words in the text which match the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

to open with a key you drink from this frightening very angry demolished or ruined a record of money spent

3. REPORT BACK. Use the following words to complete the summary. dead • coins • steps • horsemen • buried • furious • knocked • bridge Jim and his mother opened the chest to find some gold (1)

, which

they took as Bones’ payment. Then they heard some (2)

in the

street outside. Jim quickly took a small packet from the chest and he and his mother fled from the inn. They hid under a (3)

out of sight, but within

earshot of the inn. Jim saw eight pirates outside the inn, including Blind Pew. The men entered the inn and found Billy (4)

. They ran to the chest

but did not find the map. The pirates were so (5)

that they destroyed

the inn. Some (6)

came

to investigate and one of the horses (7)

Pew to the ground and

killed him. Jim was taken to see Dr Livesey and Squire Trelawney. They examined the packet and found a logbook and a map of an island where some treasure was (8)

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.

TREASURE ISLAND

EPISODE

3

The adventure begins

quire Trelawney was delighted1, “Let’s go and find the treasure! I’ll be the admiral! Livesey, you will be the doctor and Jim, you will be the cabin boy!” I was so excited! I started to imagine the island and how we would find the treasure! The following day, Trelawney left for Bristol with two of Livesey’s servants to look for a ship and a crew2 to take us to the island, and Livesey went to London on business. While they were away, a letter arrived for the doctor from The Old Anchor House in Bristol. On the front it read, “To be opened by Jim Hawkins if Dr Livesey is away”, so I opened it…

S

pirate! He read the note and said, “Ah! So you are our new cabin boy!” and he shook my hand. The following morning we all boarded the Hispaniola, but Captain Smollett didn’t seem very pleased. He looked at Dr Livesey and grumbled8, “I have a bad feeling about this voyage – I don’t like some of the seamen. I’ve heard we’re going to look for treasure and everybody seems to know you have a map of the island and that there is a red star where the treasure is buried. Even Long John’s parrot knows!” He continued, “I’m afraid they may mutiny… I saw the men putting guns and powder in the forehold9.” “Very well,” answered Livesey, “we will hide the map and lock up the guns.”

Dear Livesey The ship lies at anchor here in Bristol. Her name is Hispaniola and I have found a good honest crew and a captain by the name of Smollett. I have also found a man called Long John Silver, who will be our cook. Poor man, he lost a leg in battle… but he’s very keen3 to work! Tell Jim to spend the night at the Admiral Benbow Inn with my servant, Redruth, so he can say goodbye to his mother. John Trelawney

We lifted anchor and set sail. The Hispaniola began her long voyage to Treasure Island. The captain and the crew were very capable and I was especially fond of10 Long John – he was highly respected and always very kind to everybody. He fed us well and he kept a barrel11 of apples for the sailors in case they got hungry! He even introduced me to his parrot, “This is Cap’n Flint,” he told me, “named after the famous pirate, isn’t that right, Captain Flint?” I wondered at this choice of name. “Pieces of eight! Pieces of eight!” cried the parrot. Silver told me that pieces of eight were gold coins.

I said farewell4 to my mother and the dear Admiral Benbow Inn, which had been beautifully restored by Trelawney, and the day after Redruth and I set off5 to meet the squire in Bristol. “There you are!” he cried. “Now we’re complete! We set sail6 tomorrow morning at dawn!” Then, Trelawney handed me a note to take to Long John Silver at the Spyglass Guest House. Silver seemed a friendly, cheerful7 man – he could not possibly be a 1 delighted contentissimo 2 crew equipaggio 3 keen entusiasta 4 I said farewell Salutai 5 set off partimmo

6 We set sail Salperemo 7 cheerful allegro 8 grumbled si lamentò 9 forehold stiva 10 fond of affezionato a 11 barrel botte

Then Silver smiled at me in a way that made me think that he was either the best of men in the world or the worst.

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Comprehension 3 1. Read and listen to the story. Which of the characters did the following things? went to search

1.

for a ship for the journey. is going to do

2. the cooking on the ship. 3. Jim and

went to

meet Trelawney in Bristol. had refurbished

4.

the Admiral Benbow Inn. gave Long John

5. Silver a letter.

suspicious of

6. the crew.

2. REPORT BACK. Use the following words to complete the summary. set off • mutiny • parrot • ship • treasure • pirate • boarded • crew Trelawney started to organise the journey .

in search of the (1)

He went to Bristol where he found a (2)

by

the

name

of

Hispaniola, a captain named Smollett and a one-legged sailor, called Long John Silver, who would be the cook. After spending the night at his mother’s inn Jim (3)

with Redruth, Trelawney’s

servant, for Bristol. The following day they all (4)

the ship.

However, Smollett immediately expressed his dislike of the crew; he had bad feelings about

the

(5)

and

suspected that they were planning a (6)

. The long journey began.

Jim was particularly impressed by Silver and fascinated by his (7) which was named ‘Captain Flint’ after the famed (8)

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.

TREASURE ISLAND

EPISODE

4

The apple barrel

O

ne evening after sunset, I was hungry so I went to get an apple from the barrel. There was only one apple left so I had to climb inside and while I was eating it I fell asleep. I woke when I heard the voice of a man. It was Long John Silver. “Flint was our captain and his ship was the Walrus. I lost my leg on that journey and Pew lost his eyes. All the other pirates were afraid of me – and so was Flint.” A younger pirate asked, “But where are all those pirates now?” Silver replied, “Perhaps some of them are on this ship!” “I’ll help you get the treasure,” said the younger man. “We’re with you, Silver. When can we become real pirates?” “Not yet,” he answered. “I don’t know where the treasure is yet. We have to wait until Livesey and Trelawney find it, bring it on board… then we’ll strike1!” Another pirate asked, “And what will we do with Livesey and the others?” “Well, we could leave them on the island to perish2… or we could kill them,” replied Silver. I froze. Just then the lookout3 cried, “Land ahoy!4” Everyone ran to the bow5 of the ship. We had reached Treasure Island! Captain Smollett asked, “Men! Has anyone ever been on this island before?” “I have,” answered Silver. “Once, when I was a ship’s cook I stopped here for fresh water.” 1 we’ll strike colpiremo 2 perish perire, morire 3 lookout vedetta, sentinella 4 Land ahoy! Terra in vista! 5 bow prua 6 disappointment delusione 7 cove insenatura 8 I owe you an apology Ti devo delle scuse

9 unwilling riluttanti 10 on the verge of sul punto di 11 ashore a riva 12 sail vela 13 wandered off si allontanarono 14 cold-bloodedly a sangue freddo 15 I felt faint mi sentii svenire

“Can we anchor here?” he asked, and he showed Silver a map. But it wasn’t the map I had found in Bones’ chest. It was a copy, and of course there was no red star. Silver carefully hid his disappointment6. “Yes, I believe the best place for anchorage is over there by that small cove7,” he replied calmly. Later, I met with the doctor, the squire and the captain and told them what I had heard when I was in the apple barrel. Trelawney looked at Smollett, “I owe you an apology.8 You were right. The crew are a band of cruel pirates!” Smollett answered, “I accept your apology, but we have to think about our next move. We can’t turn back – if we do, they’ll mutiny at once. We have to keep going… and we’ll attack them when they don’t expect it!”

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Comprehension 4 1. Read and listen to the story. Complete the following sentences with one word. 1. Jim overheard the pirates’ conversation from a . 2. When they saw land in the distance the crew ran to the of the ship. 3. Smollett showed Silver the . 4. Jim was of the pirates now. 5. The pirates seemed to be planning a . 6. Smollett sent Silver and the crew . 7. Jim hid under a in one of the boats. 8. When Tom refused to join the mutiny, Silver him. 2. REPORT BACK. Use the following words to complete the summary.

Some of the pirates were on our side, but there were a lot more against us. Now I was frightened of them. They were unfriendly and unwilling9 to take orders – they seemed to be on the verge of10 mutiny. Captain Smollett said to us, “Gentlemen, we have to leave things to Silver. He doesn’t want the men to mutiny yet… let’s allow the men to go ashore11 if they like. Silver can then talk with them and get them under his control.” We all agreed that this was the best plan. Smollett told Silver to take the pirates ashore – their spirits lifted, believing that they would find the treasure. I thought I wasn’t needed on board, so jumped into one of the boats with them without telling my friends and hid under a sail12. When we reached the shore, the men wandered off13 and I started to explore the island alone. After a while, I heard voices in the distance. As I got closer I could make out Silver and one of the pirates, Tom. Silver was trying to get him to join the mutiny but, when Tom refused, I saw Silver coldbloodedly14 shoot him dead. I felt faint15… then I ran away as fast as I could.

crew • hiding • join • killed • anchored • plotting • barrel • shore One evening Jim got hungry and climbed on board, where into the apple (1) he overheard an important conversation. He heard Silver telling some (2) members about his adventures with Flint. He learned that many of Flint’s former crew members were on board and were (3) to take the treasure for themselves. When they reached the island, Smollett consulted a map. Jim noticed that it was an exact copy of the one he saw before, but without the red star marking the treasure’s (4) place. The ship (5) , and Jim went to tell Smollett and Trelawney what he had heard. Smollett decided to send Silver and the crew ashore. Jim hid in one of the pirates’ boats and when they reached the , he started to explore the (6) island. After a while, he heard voices; Silver was trying to convince one of the sailors, Tom, to (7) the mutiny. When he refused, Silver (8) him.

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TREASURE ISLAND

EPISODE

5

Ben Gunn

I

stopped to catch my breath and looked around. I saw a figure hiding behind a tree! Was it a pirate? I started to run back the way I came but he followed me. I remembered I had my pistol but just as I was about to shoot, he threw himself1 onto his knees and cried out, “Don’t shoot!” “Who are you?” I demanded. “My name’s Ben Gunn,” replied the man. “I haven’t spoken to anybody for three years. I was a pirate but I argued with my crew here on this island and they left me here, marooned2… Help me, please. I’m a rich man.” Rich? I thought he was crazy! How on earth could he be rich? He continued, “I saw you come on that ship. Is it Flint’s ship? Is there a pirate with one leg on the ship?” “Flint is dead,” I said, “and yes, Long John Silver is on the ship. He’s the cook and the leader of the pirates.” “And what’s your name?” asked Gunn. “Jim,” I replied. We started talking and after a while I no longer

1 threw himself si buttò 2 marooned abbandonato 3 get rid of liberarvi dai 4 gave up smisero 5 hunt la caccia

feared him, so I told him the whole story. “Listen, Jim, I can help you find the treasure and get rid of3 the pirates. If I do, will your squire, Trelawney, let me sail home with you?” “I’m sure he will,” I replied. Ben went on to tell me his story. “I was on Flint’s ship when he buried the treasure here on this island. He went ashore with six men and left the rest of us, that is Long John Silver, Blind Pew, Billy Bones and me, aboard. After six days Flint came back on board, alone. The others were dead – he’d killed them all!” He continued, “Then, three years later I was on another ship and we sighted the island. ‘This is where Flint buried his treasure!’ I said to the other pirates, ‘Let’s go ashore and look for it!’. We spent twelve long days looking, but we couldn’t find it. The others grew impatient with me and we argued. They gave up4 the hunt5 and went back aboard, leaving me here alone. Now Jim, you go and speak to Squire Trelawney, please…” “But how can I get back to the ship?” I asked. “I can’t go back with the pirates – I’m scared of them now!” “I’ve got a little boat,” answered Gunn. “It’s hidden under a white rock.”

6 spotted notammo 7 loghouse casa di tronchi 8 Jolly Roger bandiera pirata

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Comprehension Just then I heard the boom of the cannon from the Hispaniola. “They’ve started fighting,” I cried. Ben and I stayed together, listening to the cannon and pistol fire. Eventually, I decided to make my way back to the ship. At some point along the way, we spotted6 the Union Jack flying above the trees. “That must be your friends, they’re in the old loghouse7 built by Flint many years ago!” said Gunn. “It can’t be them, they’re on the Hispaniola! It must be Silver, or some of the other mutineers!” I replied. “Not likely,” said Gunn, “Silver would fly the Jolly Roger8. I think your friends have retreated to the loghouse, Jim, and Silver has the ship,” said Ben Gunn. “You go, Jim, and tell your squire that if he wants to talk, to come with a white flag to show he means well.” I looked out to sea and I could see that the Hispaniola was still in her place – but Gunn was right: she was flying the Jolly Roger.

5 1. Read and listen to the story, then reorder the following events. The first one has been done for you. a. He explained that he had been alone on the island for three years. b. Jim and Gunn saw the Union Jack flag flying from the loghouse that Flint had built. 1 c. Jim saw a man behind a tree and threatened to shoot him. d. Gunn promised to help Jim and his friends in exchange for a journey home. e. Gunn told Jim the story of his life. f. When Jim saw that the Hispaniola was flying the Jolly Roger, he realised that the pirates had taken over the ship. g. The man introduced himself as Ben Gunn. 2. REPORT BACK. Use the following words to complete the summary. rock • begged • flying • rest • hunt • flag • loghouse • locate Jim ran away from the pirates and when he stopped for a (1) , he saw a man hiding behind a tree. He took out his gun to shoot him but the man (2) him not to; he told Jim that his name was Ben Gunn and that he had been on the island for three years after his crew had left him there alone, after a failed treasure (3) . Jim learned that Ben had been in Flint’s crew and so he knew all the pirates that were on the island. Ben said that he had made a boat and he had hidden it under a white (4) . He promised Jim that he could (5) the treasure in return for a journey home. Suddenly Jim and Ben saw the Union Jack (6) flying in the woods. Gunn told Jim that this meant his friends were in the (7) built by Flint and that Silver was probably on the Hispaniola. Jim looked out to sea and saw that the Hispaniola was, in fact, (8) the Jolly Roger.

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TREASURE ISLAND

EPISODE

6

The battle at the loghouse

H

ad the pirates really taken over the ship? I walked through the woods and came to the loghouse. Again, Ben was right – my friends were there. They had come to look for me and welcomed me warmly. I told them my story and they told me theirs. When fighting broke out on their ship, they decided to row1 to the island with guns and supplies, but the pirates fired at them and also attacked the loghouse. The following morning, Smollett woke me, “Silver is coming and he’s got a white flag! Get inside! It could be a trick2…” “I want to make peace!” cried Silver. “What do you want?” asked Smollett. Silver was not in the mood3 for playing games. “We want that treasure, Smollett. Give us the map and we won’t kill you.” He went on, “You can come aboard with us once the treasure is stowed away4 and I promise I’ll put you ashore somewhere safe. Or you can stay here. We’ll divide the supplies with you, and I’ll send the first ship I sight to pick you up.” Smollett stood up and shouted angrily, “Not a chance, Silver! You don’t have the map and there’s no way we’re going to give it to you!”

Silver’s pirates and three of our men were killed. Smollett was badly hurt, too – he had a broken shoulder and a cut leg. Fortunately, the mutineers ran off and did not return, so we had time to look after the wounded and get some food. Then, after dinner, I saw Livesey pick up his hat, a pistol, a cutlass7 and the map. He also picked up a handkerchief for a white flag and set off briskly8 through the trees. “He’s going to see Ben Gunn,” I thought. I was right, as I found out later, but in the meantime I had an idea. I decided to go down to the shore and look for Ben Gunn’s boat. I took some food and my pistols and left the loghouse when nobody was

Silver was furious. He stormed off5 through the trees. Smollett turned to his men and said, “He’ll be back with his men soon – we must be ready for him!” We waited for Silver and his pirates to return. Sure enough, the pirates arrived and attacked the loghouse. They climbed over the fence6 like monkeys, and in an instant they were upon us. The loghouse was full of smoke, cries and confusion. A fierce battle followed, and in the end six of

1 row remare 2 trick trabocchetto, inganno 3 was not in the mood non aveva voglia di 4 stowed away nascosto

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5 stormed off se ne andò infuriato 6 fence recinto 7 cutlass sciabola da abbordaggio 8 briskly in modo spiccio, svelto

Comprehension watching. I headed up9 the east coast of the island and after a while I came out into the open and saw the Hispaniola. The Jolly Roger was flying in the breeze. I continued walking until I got to the white rock. I found Gunn’s boat and pulled it out of its hiding place. I thought that the mutineers were probably planning to raise anchor and sail away. My idea was to prevent this, so I decided to row out to the Hispaniola and cut the ship loose10 and let her drift11 toward the shore. I set off in the little boat. When I got there, I carefully cut the ropes and the Hispaniola drifted free in the current. To my surprise, my little boat started spinning round12 quickly – I was being whirled13 along by the wake of the Hispaniola ship. Not knowing what to do, I lay in the bottom of the little boat – and I fell asleep.

6 1. Read and listen to the story. True (T) or false (F)? Correct the false statements. 1. Jim’s friends left the ship because T the pirates attacked them. 2. Smollett promised to collaborate T with Silver. 3. The pirates and Smollett’s men T fought on the beach. T 4. Jim went to visit Ben Gunn. 5. Jim rowed out to the Hispaniola T in Gunn’s boat.

F F F F F

2. Find words in the text which have the opposite meaning to the following. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

wrong war dangerous put down slowly

3. REPORT BACK. Use the following words to complete the summary. ropes • retreat • broke out • built • woke • stormed • drifted • cease-fire When Jim entered the loghouse and saw his friends, they told each other their stories. The following morning Jim to hear someone say that (1) Long John Silver was coming with a white flag. Silver wanted the treasure map in . When exchange for a (2) off Smollett refused, Silver (3) angrily and returned later with the other at the pirates. A fight (4) loghouse and the pirates lost several men. . After They were forced to (5) dinner, Livesey left the loghouse to look for Ben Gunn, taking a white flag with him. Jim decided to go and search for the boat . He found it that Gunn had (6) under a white rock, jumped into it and sailed out to the Hispaniola. When he got to the and the ship ship, he cut her (7) away. (8)

12 spinning round girare 9 headed up mi diressi su se stessa 10 cut the ship loose lasciare libera la nave 13 I was being whirled mi stavo facendo 11 drift andare alla trascinare deriva

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TREASURE ISLAND

EPISODE

7

Jim the Captain

T

he following morning when I woke up, I realised I had drifted to the south of the island very near the shore. I spotted the Hispaniola drifting aimlessly1 and concluded that either the crew were sleeping or they had deserted the ship. I decided to board2 the ship and return her to our captain. When I reached the ship, I climbed on board – but everything was deadly quiet. There was no one in sight – where was everyone? Then I saw a pirate lying on his back – dead. A little further on was a second pirate, I knew him – his name was Hands – he was alive, but injured. “Water,” he groaned. “Please give me some water.” I went down to the galley3 to get him some water – I thought he might be useful. When I got to the galley, I looked around in horror. All the cupboards were open, food was everywhere, everything was broken. The pirates had ransacked4 the ship and opened every chest in search of the map.

1 2 3 4

I got the water for Hands and went up on deck. Hands told me about the dead man. “We were left alone on the ship,” he explained. “We put the sails up and we were going to sail away, but we had an argument, started to fight and now he’s dead.” “I’m taking possession of this ship,” I said firmly. “From now on I’m your captain and the first thing I’m going to do is take down the Jolly Roger flag.” “Listen Jim, you’re not a sailor. I’ll help you to sail the ship if you tend5 to my wounds,” offered Hands. I agreed to work with him, at least for the time being. We set off. The wind was blowing strongly and soon the ship was sailing fast. “Cap’n,” he said after a while, “would you please go and get me something to eat?” I guessed that he wanted me off the deck for some reason, though I wasn’t sure why. I went below and I climbed up a ladder6 from where I could see Hands but he couldn’t see me. I saw him crawl7 across the deck and take a knife from under a pile of ropes. He hid it in his jacket and

5 tend curi aimlessly senza meta to board salire a bordo 6 ladder scala 7 crawl strisciare galley cambusa had ransacked avevano rovistato

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Comprehension went back to where he was before and lay in the same position. This was all I needed to know – Hands was mobile, he was armed and I was going to be his next victim. I went back up on deck. We continued to work in unison. He gave orders and I obeyed – he had no idea that I trusted him as much as I trusted my worst enemy. But just as we were approaching the anchorage, I saw a shadow from the corner of my eye. Hands was coming towards me with the knife.

7 1. Read and listen to the story. Complete the following sentences. 1. The following morning Jim on board the ship. 2. He saw two pirates, one and one alive, but injured. 3. Jim told Hands that he was now taking of the ship. 4. Jim saw Hands put a in his jacket. 5. Hands attacked Jim with the knife, but him in the face. Jim 6. After tying Hands to the , Jim went ashore. 7. He went to the , hoping to see his friends.

Quickly, I stepped aside and he missed. Then I punched him hard on the nose and he fell onto the deck. It was all over. I tied him to the mast8 and since the ship was now in shallow9 water, I climbed out of the ship and walked up to the beach. I approached the loghouse quietly. When I got there, there was nobody on guard – this was very strange. I opened the door quietly and crept10 in. I nearly jumped out of my skin11! A voice screamed, “Pieces of eight! Pieces of eight!” It was Captain Flint, Silver’s parrot – the pirates had taken over the loghouse!!

2. REPORT BACK. Use the following words to complete the summary injured • knife • mast • medical • punched • shallow • rowed The following morning, Jim (1) out to the Hispaniola and climbed on board. He saw two pirates; one was dead and the other, Hands, was lying on his back, (2) . Jim told him that he was now the captain of the ship and he took down the Jolly Roger flag. Hands promised to help Jim sail the ship in exchange for (3) help. Jim didn’t trust Hands and when asked to go and get some food he saw Hands put a long (4) in his jacket. Jim went back up on deck, and while he was concentrating on reaching the shore, Hands attacked him. They started to fight and Jim (5) Hands hard in the face, knocked him out and tied him to the (6) . The Hispaniola was now in (7) water so Jim climbed out, walked to the shore, and found Smollett’s loghouse. He opened the door and crept in quietly. Suddenly, a voice cried out, “Pieces of eight! Pieces of eight!” and Jim realised that the pirates had taken over the loghouse.

8 mast albero maestro 11 I nearly jumped out 9 shallow poco profonda of my skin! Mi balzò 10 crept avanzai il cuore in gola! lentamente

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TREASURE ISLAND

EPISODE

8

A trap

T

hen I heard Long John Silver’s voice! “Who’s there?” he shouted. I turned to run but I fell into the arms of another man who grabbed1 me and held me tight2. I was a prisoner. “Well, hello, Jim. Have you come to visit us?” said Silver. “Where are the others?” I asked. How could they have driven my friends out of the loghouse? “Don’t you worry, Jim boy, they’re alive and safe,” said Silver. “I like you Jim, join us and get the treasure. If you don’t, you’ll die.” “Where are my friends?” “Livesey came to see me yesterday morning with a flag of truce3 and told me that the Hispaniola had gone. The doctor said, ‘Let’s bargain4,’ so we bargained. We have got the loghouse here, supplies and some firewood. As for them, we spared5 their lives. They’ve gone, and I don’t know where...” “Why should I join you?” I asked. “You have lost your ship and most of your men. You haven’t got the map so you won’t find the treasure. And, if you want to know who did all of this it… it was me! I was in the apple barrel the other night and I heard you talking with the others! As for the Hispaniola, I was the one who cut her loose, I captured the pirate you left on board! Kill me if you like, or spare me and I’ll save you… I’ll tell you where the ship is.” I stopped. I was out of breath. The pirates were staring at me, speechless. They made a move towards me but Silver stopped them 1 grabbed afferrò 2 held me tight mi tenne stretto 3 truce tregua 4 Let’s bargain Facciamo un patto

5 spared abbiamo risparmiato 6 will stick together resteremo insieme 7 leaped saltarono 8 tearing strapparono

and there was a long uneasy silence. The pirates were angry with Silver and they went outside grumbling, leaving me alone with him. Silver then said, “I’ll save your life, Jim, but you’ve got to help me. I’m on the squire’s side now, and you and I will stick together6!” Silver continued, “Perhaps you can explain to me why the doctor decided to give me Flint’s map?” I could not imagine for one second why the doctor had given Silver the map, and I started to wonder if he really had. Just then, the door opened and one of the pirates walked in and handed Silver a slip of paper.

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Comprehension 8 1. Read and listen to the story. True (T) or false (F)? Correct the false sentences. 1. Silver tells Jim that his friends are on the Hispaniola. 2. Silver defended Jim from the pirates. 3. The pirates stole the map from Silver. 4. Silver let Jim go the following morning.

T

F

T

F

T

F

T

F

2. Connect a word in column A with a word in column B which has a similar meaning. A 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

“The Black Spot!” cried Silver. “I thought so – they are going to mutiny!” But Silver called the pirates back into the room and asked them, “Do you want to know why I made a bargain with the doctor? Well, look here!” As he spoke he put his hand into his pocket and pulled out a piece of paper. He threw it on the floor and the pirates leaped7 on it and passed it from hand to hand, tearing8 it from one another. I looked and saw that it was the treasure map with the red cross. Doctor Livesey had really given the map to Silver! But why? I could not imagine. “We’re going to get the treasure!” they shouted. “Our clever captain, Long John Silver, has found the map!” The next day at breakfast, Silver said to the other pirates, “Listen men, we’ve got the map… but not the ship… We’ll find it when we’ve got the treasure. Livesey isn’t going to be a problem – we’ve got Jim here and he doesn’t want us to hurt him…” Then we all set off on the hunt for the treasure. Why did Livesey give the map to Silver? What was he planning?

c c c c c c c

bargain supplies captured grumbling mutiny leaped tearing

B a. complaining b. negotiate c. took prisoner d. pulling to pieces e. food and drink f. rebellion g. jumped quickly

3. REPORT BACK. Use the following words to complete the summary. rope • hostage • stick • join • threatened • refused Silver asked Jim to (1)

him and

his pirates in the search for the treasure, and revealed that

but Jim (2)

he had heard the pirates’ conversation from the apple barrel, cut the (3)

on

the Hispaniola, and captured Hands. Silver’s men were furious with Jim and left the room. Silver told Jim that they needed to (4)

together to save their lives,

and that Livesey had given him the treasure map, which surprised Jim. When the pirates returned to the room and (5) to mutiny, Silver threw the treasure map onto the floor. The pirates jumped on it enthusiastically. The following day, the pirates set off to look for the treasure with Jim as their (6)

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.

TREASURE ISLAND

EPISODE

9

The treasure

e took two rowing boats1 and rowed to a beach on the other side of the island. Then we started to climb a hill and after a while the pirates sat down. Silver took the map from his pocket and said, “Men! Look out for a tall tree! The treasure is next to it!” Now the men were in excellent spirits and continued to climb the hill tirelessly. Suddenly, one of the pirates cried out, “Look! There’s the tree!” The pirates all broke into a run, but when they got to the tree they came to a halt2. In front of them was a large hole in the ground… inside the hole there was a chest… it was empty. The treasure was gone. The men were furious, “You fool, Silver! You and your stupid map! There is no treasure here! Let’s fight Silver and the boy, let’s teach them a lesson!”

W

“Remember the day I left the loghouse to meet Ben?” said Livesey. “Well, he told me where the treasure was, so I gave Silver the map. Of course it was useless! We were eager5 to get away as soon as possible – we wanted to keep an eye on the treasure!” Ben took us to the little cave where he had hidden the treasure. At last I was going to see it! I was so excited! Trelawney and Smollett were there waiting for us, surrounded by thousands of gold coins, jewels and gold bars6! Now we had the treasure, we had the ship and we were going home! We rowed out to the Hispaniola and brought her near Ben Gunn’s cave. The next day, we hauled7 the treasure to the ship. I spent the morning putting the money into bags – it took many trips to the ship but at last we were ready to set sail. We boarded the Hispaniola with food and water for the journey, hung 8 the Union Jack flag and sailed off, leaving the mutineers

Just then, three gunshots came from the trees and the pirates ran off, leaving me and Silver standing next to the hole. Livesey and Benn Gunn appeared from the wood. Livesey was holding a smoking gun in his hand. Silver didn’t try to escape. He dropped3 his weapons and threw his arms around me. “Thank you, doctor!” said Silver. “I’m on your side now!” He looked at Ben Gunn, “Gunn? Is that you?” “Yes,” Ben laughed. “I’ve been here for three years. I found the treasure, dug it up4 and took it to a cave in the north of the island.”

1 rowing boats barche a remi 2 came to a halt si fermarono 3 dropped lasciò cadere 4 dug it up lo dissotterrai

5 eager impazienti di, desiderosi di, ansiosi di 6 gold bars lingotti d’oro 7 hauled trasportammo, trainammo 8 hung alzammo, issammo

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Comprehension on the island with some supplies. We felt sorry for them but we couldn’t risk another mutiny. We sailed to a port on the coast of South America where we docked and went ashore, leaving Silver aboard. When we returned to the Hispaniola, Long John Silver had gone, taking a bag of treasure with him. We got a few new sailors on board and made an enjoyable cruise home to Bristol. We all got our share of the treasure. Smollett retired, Gunn spent all his money in 20 days, and I haven’t heard of Silver since. There is still more treasure on that island but nothing could ever tempt me back there. I still have dreams at night when I wake up suddenly with the sharp voice of Captain Flint ringing in my ears: “Pieces of eight! Pieces of eight!”

9 1. Read and listen to the story. Which characters did the following things? told the pirates the exact location of the treasure. 2. When the saw a hole in the ground, they were furious. 3. had told Dr Livesey where the treasure was hidden. 4. and were in the cave guarding the treasure. 5. still has nightmares about the adventure.

1.

2. Find words in the text which match the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

not easily made tired extremely angry not useful enclosed on all sides people who mutiny

3. REPORT BACK. Use the following words to complete the summary. useless • hill • woods • fired • sailed • cave • empty • site When the pirates reached the top of the (1) , they found the (2) where the treasure was buried, but when they got there they saw that it had already been excavated. Again, the pirates were angry with Silver and began to move in against him. Suddenly, a gun (3) and the pirates fled, leaving Jim and Silver next to the (4) hole. Livesey and Benn Gunn appeared out of the (5) and Gunn told Silver and Jim that he had found the treasure years ago, dug it up and taken it to a (6) . So Silver’s map was (7) . The group went to the cave and found Trelawney and Smollett waiting for them with the treasure. The following day, the men took the treasure to the Hispaniola and (8) back to Bristol.

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TREASURE ISLAND

?

?

How well

do you remember the story?

Complete the summary of the story using the words in the box. guesthouse • dug • mast • hide • attack • crew • ashore • pirates • woods • fight • boat • aboard • capture • map • cave • disappears • treasure • dies Jim Hawkins’ parents run a (1) on the south-west coast of England. One day, a pirate called Billy Bones arrives and rents a room there. After a few months a blind man, called Blind Pew, comes to see Bones. He gives him a piece of paper with the ‘Black Spot’ on it. After Blind Pew leaves, Bones has a heart attack and (2) . Jim finds a treasure (3) in Bones’ chest and flees from the inn with his mother. Later, Blind Pew returns to the inn with his men to look for the map, but of course they don’t find it.

Jim shows the map to two important men, Doctor Livesey and Squire Trelawney and they decide to go and look for the (4) . They ask Jim to be their cabin boy. Trelawney hires a ship, the Hispaniola, and a (5) led by Captain Smollett. The cook is a onelegged man called Long John Silver, who has a parrot called Captain Flint that always sits on his shoulder. During the voyage, Jim overhears a conversation between Silver and the other members of the crew. He realises , that these men are (6) not sailors and that they are planning to mutiny. He warns the squire, the

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Silver gives Jim the chance to join the pirates, telling him that Livesey gave him the treasure map. Jim refuses to help them but leaves with them the following day to look for the treasure.

doctor and the captain. When they arrive at Treasure Island, the crew go (7) . Jim goes with them and runs into the (8) where he meets a man called Ben Gunn who promises to help Jim and his friends. Meanwhile, the captain and the others have come ashore and they have found an old loghouse, where they (9) . The pirates attack the loghouse in an attempt to get the map, but they do not succeed.

When the pirates reach the spot marked on the map, they find an empty hole – the treasure has gone! Silver knows that the pirates will turn against him and Jim but before the pirates can (15) them, Livesey and Ben Gunn appear from behind the trees and the pirates run off.

The following morning, Silver promises to let them go free in return for the map, but when Smollett refuses, a (10) breaks out. Jim finds

Gunn tells Jim and his friends that he (16) up the treasure some time ago and hid it in a (17) . They all take the treasure to the Hispaniola and set sail for South America. When they stop to recruit more crew, Silver (18) , never to be seen again. Eventually they get back to England – Jim promises never to go chasing treasure again!

the little (11) that Gunn has hidden and he sails out to the Hispaniola to cut her ropes free, hoping the ship will drift away. When Jim gets to the ship, he climbs (12) and sees two pirates; one is dead, the other, Hands, is alive but injured. Hands attacks Jim, but Jim manages to knock him out and tie . He then him to the (13) heads back to the loghouse where he finds the pirates, who (14) him.

23 EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato

TREASURE ISLAND Meet the author The characters The places

2 2 3

EPISODE

1

Billy Bones

4

EPISODE

2

The sea-chest

6

EPISODE

3

The adventure begins

8

EPISODE

4

The apple barrel

10

EPISODE

5

Ben Gunn

12

EPISODE

6

The battle at the loghouse

14

EPISODE

7

Jim the Captain

16

EPISODE

8

A trap

18

EPISODE

9

The treasure

20

How well do you remember the story?

22

EUROPASS © Casa Editrice G. Principato