214 7 41MB
French Pages [389] Year 1998
BAR S738
MAISON DE L’ORIENT MÉDITERRANÉEN
1998 CAUVIN ET AL. (Eds)
L’ obsidienne au Proche et Moyen Orient Du volcan à l’outil
L’ OBSIDIENNE AU PROCHE ET MOYEN ORIENT
édité par
M.-C. Cauvin, A. Gourgaud, B. Gratuze, N. Arnaud, G. Poupeau, J.-L. Poidevin et C. Chataigner
BAR International Series 738 B A R
1998
MAISON DE L'ORIENT MEDITERRANEEN
L' obsidienne au Proche et Moyen Orient Du volcan
a l'outil
edite par
M.-C. Cauvin, A. Gourgaud, B. Gratuze,~ N. Arnaud, G. Poupeau, J.-L. Poidevin et C. Chataigner
BAR International Series 73 8
1998
Published in 2016 by BAR Publishing, Oxford BAR International Series 738 Maison de l’Orient Méditerranéen L’obsidienne au Proche et Moyen Orient © The editors and contributors severally and the Publisher 1998 Composition et maquette: Nelly Kalaї (Maison de l'Orient) Volume Editor: Rajka Makjanić The authors' moral rights under the 1988 UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act are hereby expressly asserted. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be copied, reproduced, stored, sold, distributed, scanned, saved in any form of digital format or transmitted in any form digitally, without the written permission of the Publisher.
ISBN 9780860549314 paperback ISBN 9781407350592 e-format DOI https://doi.org/10.30861/9780860549314 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library BAR Publishing is the trading name of British Archaeological Reports (Oxford) Ltd. British Archaeological Reports was first incorporated in 1974 to publish the BAR Series, International and British. In 1992 Hadrian Books Ltd became part of the BAR group. This volume was originally published by Archaeopress in conjunction with British Archaeological Reports (Oxford) Ltd / Hadrian Books Ltd, the Series principal publisher, in 1998. This present volume is published by BAR Publishing, 2016.
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SOMMAIRE
Foreword by Professor LORDRENFREW... .. ... ...... . .. ... ........ ....... ... ............. ..... .. ... ..... ... . ... .. .. ... ......... ... . .. ... . ..... . .... .. .
5
L'obsidienne au Proche et Moyen Orient : presentation et historique par M.-C. CAUVIN ...................................
7
PREMIERE PARTIE: Geologie, geochimie et chronometrie
A. GouRGAUD,Geologie de l'obsidienne
.......................................................................................................
15
......................................................................
31
N. ARNAUD& G. PouPEAU,La datation des obsidiennes ..............................................................................
49
G. POUPEAUet al., Fission-track dating of obsidians and archaeology
53
B. GRATUZE,Les methodes de caracterisation de l'obsidienne
..........................................................
G. BIGAZZIet al., Provenance studies of obsidian artefacts in Anatolia using the fission-track dating method : an overview . ... .......... .... . ... .... ......... ....... ........ ... ............ ............ .............................. ...... ........ ......
69
N. ARNAUD,Les methodes K/Ar et 40Ar/39Ar: principes et application a la geochronologie archeologique . ....... ..... ... .......... .... . ... .................... ........ ... ............ ........... ............................ ... .. ......... ... ... ...
91
J.-L. PoIDEVIN,Les gisements d'obsidienne de Turquie et de Transcaucasie: geologie, geochimie et chronometrie ............................................................................................................................................
105
J. BLACKMAN et al., Chemical Characterization of Caucasian Obsidian: Geological Sources ..... ... .. ... .............. ....... ..... .................... ....................... ............ ........... .. ......... .. . ..... ......
205
DEUXIEME PARTIE : Archeologie
i. Y AL
~
:,,: 0
p
Element
Na %
t0
(;.)
>-'
K
%
Sc Cr Fe Co Zn As Br Rb Zr Sb Cs
ppm ppm
%
ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm Ba ppm La ppm Ce ppm Nd ppm Sm ppm Eu ppm Tb ppm Yb ppm Lu ppm Hf ppm Ta ppm Th ppm u ppm
TCUNK-1 (N = 18) Mean S.D. Cone. %
TCUNK-2 (N = 16) Mean S.D. Cone. %
TCUNK-3 (N = 5) Mean. S.D. Cone. %
TCUNK-4
3.33 3.40 1.90 n.d. 0.720 0.620 30.1 5.24 n.d. 133. 161. 0.735 3.97 766. 35.3 51.0 15.0 2.26 0.353 0.398 2.14 0.254 3.77 1.36 21.0 7.37
3.69 3.60 3.43 n.d. 0.734 0.066 63.6 3.87 n.d. 154. 214. 0.800 4.50 200. 41.9 72.4 29.2 5.84 0.293 1.21 5.72 0.782 7.03 1.89 20.2 6.38
3.42 3.18 2.61 1.88 0.968 1.91 34.6 2.86 n.d. 108. 171. 0.305 3.79 760. 34.7 53.7 15.6 2.41 0.537 0.408 1.81 0.143 3.62 1.86 16.5 7.68
3.09 3.67 2.18 n.d. 0.773 0.636 38,3 1.93 n.d. 116. 148. 0.199 3.52 1298. 43.5 66.S 21.5 3.06 0.677 0.368 1.66 0.158 4.10 1.19 16.7 4.68
2.3 5.6 3.8 4.8 30.1 6.2 11.2 4.2 17.0 5.6 3.9 14.9 3.5 3.3 11.3 3.4 5.4 7.9 4.2 32.0 3.7 4.0 2.6 9.1
2.5 8.2 1.9 4.9 28.0 4.0 11.7 5.2 21.2 13.2 5.3 42.6 10.7 8.2 10.2 4.2 20.5 4.7 3.3 11.1 6.8 4.4 2.4 11.0
2.2 3.4 2.5 6.8 5.2 9.6 4.0 7.1 4.6 17.6 3.7 2.9 12.9 4.4 1.9 11.9 4.4 4.7 5.1 7.1 18.3 2.5 2.0 0.8 7.6
(N
= 8)
Mean Cone.
S.D. % 1.3 4.1 1.2 5.3 13.0 2.9 26.1 3.9 10.2 17.4 5.4 4.2 3.8 2.1 8.8 1.9 3.1 32.5 5.2 23.1 2.4
5.6 1.7 23.7
TCUNK-6 (N
= 4)
Mean. Cone. 3.39 3.40 1.59 n.d. 0.619 0.511 27.6 2.41 n.d. 106. 136. 0.325 2.97 920. 46.0 63.4 17.6 2.00 0.330 0.240 1.18 0.141 3.08 1.77 31.7 11.2
Appendix E. Artifact samples from unknow sources in either the Caucasus or northeastern Turkey. (n.d. indicates concentrations below the detection limits).
S.D. % 2.3 2.9 2.7 3.6 6.2 2.2 29.2 3.0 10.2 1.7 5.0 5.6 1.5 2.9 6.1 4.8 2.7 9.4 8.2 33.5 1.4 2.2 3.3 5.5
TCUNK-7 (N = 3) Mean. S.D. Cone. % 3.83 3.60 3.33 n.d. 1.04 0.147 62.0 3.05 n.d. 144. 289. 0.589 4.08 652. 44.3 74.1 30.6 5.50 0.742 1.09 5.15 0.756 7.03 1.41 17.8 6.45
2.9 1.0 1.1 5.1 3.5 9.3
()
gJ ::.:
n ~ ()
1.6 42.4 9.4 4.5 1.0 3.0 4.0
5.9 1.9 14.1 6.8 6.0 7.4 14.1 5.0 0.6 1.7
~
f) @ ~ N
~0 z
~ ()
► C ()
►
"' > z 0
to
"' 8
~
DEUXIEME PARTIE
Archeologie
CHAPITRE PREMIER
DECOUVERTES PALEOLITHIQUES EN OBSIDIENNE EN AN ATOLIE ORIENT ALE i§m Y AL