Enigmatic Writing in the Egyptian New Kingdom II: A Lexicon of Ancient Egyptian Cryptography of the New Kingdom [1 ed.] 3110683660, 9783110683660

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Joshua Aaron Roberson Enigmatic Writing in the Egyptian New Kingdom II

Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde Beihefte

Herausgegeben von Susanne Bickel, Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert, Antonio Loprieno, Stefan Pfeiffer, Sebastian Richter Beirat John Baines, Elke Blumenthal, Julia Budka, Richard Parkinson, Kim Ryholt, Stephan Seidlmayer, Jean Winand

Band 12/2

Joshua Aaron Roberson

Enigmatic Writing in the Egyptian New Kingdom II A Lexicon of Ancient Egyptian Cryptography of the New Kingdom With contributions by David Klotz

Printed with the support of eikones – Zentrum für die Theorie und Geschichte des Bildes (Universität Basel)

ISBN 978-3-11-068366-0 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-068385-1 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-068404-9 ISSN 2198-5790 Library of Congress Control Number: 2020930395 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Typesetting: Meta Systems Publishing & Printservices GmbH, Wustermark Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com

Contents Acknowledgments Abbreviations Works cited

ix xi

xiii

Introductionary Notes 1 1 §1 Introduction 1 §2 Scope and limits of the cryptographic corpus 3 §3 Organization of the corpus 3 §4 Typographical conventions 4 §5 Citation conventions 4 §6 Substitution mechanisms 5 6.1 Acrophony 5 6.2 The Consonantal Principle 6 6.3 Class substitutions 6 6.4 Direct representation, antonomasia, and metonymy 7 6.5 Logograms and the rebus principle 8 6.6 Objects held or worn by cipher-figures 8 6.7 Phonetic interchange 6.8 Shape substitutions and substitutions from the Hieratic 10 6.9 Sportive writings or “visual puns” 10 6.10 Synecdoche: part for whole and whole for part 10 6.11 Synonymy 10 6.12 Unknown mechanisms

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list A

Men

15

B

Women

C

Anthropomorphic deities

37

D

Parts of the human body

49

E

Mammals

35

67

9

vi

Contents

F

Parts of Mammals

75

G

Birds

H

Parts of birds

I

Amphibians, reptiles, and their parts

K

Fish and their parts

L

Invertebrates

M

Plants

N

Earth, sky, and water

O

Buildings and their parts

P

Ships and their parts

Q

Domestic and funerary furniture

R

Temple furniture and sacred emblems

S

Crowns, dress, and staves

T

Warfare, hunting, and butchery

U

Agriculture, crafts, and professional tools

V

Rope, fiber, and baskets

W

Vessels of stone and earthenware

X

Loaves and cakes

Y

Writing, games, and music

Z

Strokes and signs derived from Hieratic

Aa

Unclassified

85 101 105

111

113

115

183

125 137 143 147 149

153 159 163

167 173

177 179 181

Contents

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order ɜ–j 190 191 jɜ.t–jmn 192 jmn.tj–ᶜ 193 ᶜ.t–Wɜs.t 194 w–wḥm-ḫᶜ.w 195 Wsjr–bj.tj 196 bjk–Ptḥ-tɜ-ṯnn 197 f–mɜ(ɜ) 198 mɜᶜ–mds 199 n–nb.t 200 nb.tj–nṯr 201 nṯr ᶜɜ–ḥ 202 ḥɜ–ḥḥ 203 ḥzj–ḫpd 204 ḫft–ẖr.wj 205 s–smɜ-tɜ.wj 206 smr–sḏr 207 š–kbn 208 Km.t–tj 209 tj.t Jmn–ṯn (tn) 210 d–ḏ 211 ḏ.t–Det. Rᶜ 212 Det. ḫᶜj–Det. ḏ.t Appendix: Index of cryptographic signs by number

213

vii

Acknowledgments No one should brave the Underworld alone. – Anne Danielewski (Poe), “Hello.”

The study of Egyptian cryptography has experienced something of a renaissance over the past decade. This renewed interest owes a tremendous debt to John Darnell’s seminal publication of the Enigmatic Netherworld Books of the Solar-Osirian Unity (2004), with its detailed investigation of the “normal” cryptographic system. In addition, over the past thirty-five years, all of the other major cosmological books have been published in updated, modern editions.1 Without those works, the present volume would not exist. Furthermore, numerous cryptic sign-lists, published as addenda to various monographs and shorter articles,2 have lightened the burden of sifting through this daunting corpus. Alongside the cosmological material, et al., which I collected initially, David Klotz has contributed a number of exemplars and alternate readings from private monuments, as well as miscellaneous royal inscriptions, exemplars from the Book of Nut, and additional references, all of which have increased considerably the scope and utility of the Lexicon’s corpus. Daniel Werning has provided insightful criticisms regarding certain sign values and their derivations. I extend my thanks also to Rosa Erika Feleg, for her feedback on select signs from the Luxor temple complex, and to my graduate assistants Tanya Olson (Fall 2017), for additional proofreading, and Rachel Suddreth (Spring 2018), for additional references. Finally, I acknowledge with tremendous gratitude the 2015 Eikones conference on New Kingdom cryptography in Basel, Switzerland, organized by Andréas Stauder and David Klotz, with the generous support of Ralph Ubl and “eikones – Zentrum für die Theorie und Geschichte des Bildes” (National Center of Competence and Research of the Universität Basel and Swiss National Science Foundation) and of Susanne Bickel and the Departement Altertumswissenschaften der Universität Basel, which has served as the impetus to draw this work to an acceptable – and hopefully useful – conclusion.

1 Thus, Hornung 1979–1980 (Gates); Hornung 1987–1994 (Amduat); Roulin 1996 (Night); Von Lieven 2007 (Nut); Müller-Roth 2008 (Day); Werning 2011 (Caverns); Roberson 2012 (Earth); and Roberson 2013 (Awakening of Osiris). 2 Notably, Manassa 2004; Manassa 2006, 112 ff.; Müller-Roth 2008, 452–459; Werning 2008, 137– 151; and Espinel 2010, 329–335; Roberson 2013, 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-203

Abbreviations ↑/↓ Abydos 1 Abydos 2 AMD Aksha AOTSB BC BE BG BSOU CT DAY Djehuty H1 Djehuty H2 Djehutyseneb Frankfurt Palette HDCT Khaemhat KRI LE LGG Louvre C65 Louvre Palette MLEU

See entry above/below Abydos inscription of Ramesses II, el-Noubi 2005, 340 (= Klotz 2012b, 23; Lurson 2017, 227). Abydos stela of Minmose, Ab K 2280 (= Effland and Effland 2004, 13–16). Book of Amduat, ed. Hornung 1987–1994. Enigmatic inscription at Aksha, Rodrigo 1985. Book of the Awakening of Osiris and Transit of the Solar Barques, ed. Roberson 2013. Book of Caverns, ed. Piankoff 1942–1945. Book of the Earth, ed. Roberson 2012. Book of Gates, ed. Hornung 1979–1980. Book of the Solar-Osirian Unity, ed. Darnell 2004. Coffin Texts, ed. de Buck and Gardiner 1935–1961. Book of the Day, ed. Müller-Roth 2008. TT11, sun hymn, ed. Espinel 2010, 306–312. TT11, chthonic hymn, ed. Espinel 2010, 312–318. Private inscription, ed. Hintze, Ricke, et al. 1989. Scribal palette, Liebieghaus IN 1899, in Seidlmayer 1991. Hieroglyphic Dictionary of Ancient Egyptian Coffin Texts, ed. Van der Molen 2000. TT 57, in Drioton 1933a, 2–14, Text A. Ramesside Inscriptions, ed. Kitchen 1975–1990. Lower Egypt. Lexikon der ägyptischen Götter und Götterbezeichnungen, ed. Leitz 2002–2003. Louvre stela C 65, in Drioton 1933a, 23–34, Texts D and E. Scribal palette, Louvre, in Seidlmayer 1991, Fig. a.

Late Period Underworld sarcophagi, after Manassa, Late Egyptian Underworld (Manassa 2007). MMA Palette Scribal Palette, MMA 30.7.1, in Drioton 1933a, 14–20, Text B. Neferrenpet Louvre statue 14241, in Drioton 1933a, 20–23, Text C. Nefertari Deir el-Medina block inscribed with queen’s cryptic titulary (Cairo JE 72051), in Taterka 2015 78–80 and fig. 8. NIGHT Book of the Night, ed. Roulin 1996. NUT Book of Nut, ed. Von Lieven 2007. Parennefer TT unnumbered, private inscription, ed. Kampp 1994 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1, B–E). RII Cryptic titularies and misc. inscriptions of Ramesses II, in Drioton 1934, 196 (Luxor forecourt east architrave); Drioton 1936a (Protocols D–E); Drioton 1940 (Abu Simbel 1–4, 7–14, 16; Luxor 1–7, 10–12, 15, 18, 20, 24, 26, 28–30, 32, 40–43); Kuentz 1971 (Luxor pylon); and Boraik 2008 (Luxor unnumbered); Klotz 2019. RRI IX Roberson, Ramesside Inscriptions, vol. IX (Roberson 2018a). RVI Cryptic titulary of Ramesses VI, in Abitz 1989, 92, figs. 1–14. Semna Statuette of Djehutymose from Semna, MFA 24.743, in Klotz and Brown 2016. Statuette SETY Cryptic titularies and misc. inscriptions of Sety I, in Drioton 1936a (Protocols A–C, F); and Drioton 1940 (Gurna 1–12, 14–19). https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-204

xii SHADOW TT32 UE Urk. IV Wb WHb

Abbreviations

Shadow-Clock text, Osireion, in Frankfort et al. 1933, pls. 82–83; Von Bomhard 2014. Theban Tomb 32 (Djehutymes), semi-cryptic spellings published in Fábián 1998–1999. Upper Egypt. Urkunden der 18. Dynastie, ed. Sethe 1906–1909. Wörterbuch der aegyptischen Sprache, ed. Erman and Grapow 1971. Book of Caverns, ed. Werning 2011.

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Van Walsem, R. 1984. “How and Variants Became a Spelling for sɜ ‘Son’,” GM 83, 81–83. Ventker, B. 2014. “Nahrung – Herrschaft – Schutz: Kas und Hemusut in den Soubassements,” in: A. Rickert, B. Ventker (eds.), Altägyptische Enzyklopädien: Die Soubassements in den Tempeln der griechisch-römischen Zeit, Soubassementstudien I), Studien zur spätägyptischen Religion 7, I, Wiesbaden, 441–465. Vikentiev, V. 1943. “Quelques mots énigmatiques dans un texte astronomique,” ASAÉ 43, 115–131. Von Beckerath, J. 1999. Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen, Münchner Ägyptologische Studien 49, Mainz. Von Bomhard, A.S. 2014. “Le début du Livre de Nout,” ÉNIM 7, 79–123. Von Lieven, A. 2007. Grundriss des Laufes der Sterne: Das sogenannte Nutbuch, Copenhagen. Ward, W.A. 1978. Studies on Scarab Seals, vol. 1, Warminster. Werning, D.A. 2004. “The Sound Values of the Signs Gardiner D1 (Head) and T8 (Dagger),” LingAeg 12, 183–204. Werning, D.A. 2008. “Aenigmatische Schreibung in Unterweltsbüchern des Neuen Reiches: Gesicherte Entsprechungen und Ersetzungsprinzipien,” in: C. Peust (ed.), Miscellanea in honorem Wolfhart Westendorf, GM Beiheft 3, Göttingen, 124–152. Werning, D.A. 2011. Das Höhlenbuch. Textkritische Edition und Textgrammatik, 2 vols., GOF IV 48, Wiesbaden. Werning, D.A. 2016. Review of Roberson 2013, BiOr 73/1–2, 69–78. Werning, D.A. 2019. “Semiotic Aspects of Alienated and Cryptographic Encodings in the Netheworld Books of the New Kingdom,” Stauder and Klotz (eds.) Enigmatic Writing in the Egyptian New Kingdom I, Berlin–Boston, 195–248. Winter, E. 1974. “Erfahrungsbericht über ein seit 20 Jahren verwendetes Ordnungssystem der Hieroglyphenzeichen der Spätzeit,” GM 14, 55–64. Yoyotte, J. 1955. “Jeux d’écriture sur une statuette de la XIXe dynastie,” RdÉ 10, 81–89. Zeidler, J. 1999. Pfortenbuchstudien, 2 vols. GOF IV 36, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.

Introductionary Notes § 1 Introduction The present Lexicon provides an index of so-called “enigmatic” or “cryptographic” signs,1 their values, and substitution mechanisms, as attested primarily in Hieroglyphic inscriptions from the New Kingdom. This work fills an important lacuna as the first, reasonably comprehensive index of pre-Ptolemaic cryptographic values, which does not demand recourse to the dubious principle of acrophony (§ 6.1). As such, it affords many insights into the ancient Egyptians’ awareness and exploitation of the flexibilities of their Hieroglyphic script (§§ 6.3–6, 6.8–12).2 In addition, it reveals the remarkable extent to which the Egyptians consciously exploited diachronic changes in the phonology of their language (§§ 6.2, 6.7). Because cryptographic values were derived according to the same principles that informed the non-cryptic script, the Lexicon also provides useful comparanda for non-standard Hieroglyphic orthographies in general. For those scholars working with new or previously published cryptographic material, the Lexicon allows one to determine quickly if a potential value has been attested or proposed previously and, if so, how often it occurs in the published corpora. Such a tool can prove invaluable for the identification of plausible readings, whether selecting an attested value or proposing a novel solution, when no plaintext “crib” is available. At the same time, however, the Lexicon must be employed critically, as a gateway to the primary and secondary literature for a given inscription. It is inevitable that some values, analyzed in context, will prove more or less plausible than others.3 Thus, the inclusion of a given cryptographic value does not necessarily imply endorsement of an author’s translation or contextual analysis but only of the relative plausibility of the sign’s derivation.

§ 2 Scope and limits of the cryptographic corpus The original purpose of the Lexicon was to catalog all of the enigmatic orthographies attested in the cosmological Books of the Underworld and Sky. The vast majority of

1 For terminology and additional references, see Darnell 2004, 1, n. 1; and Roberson 2020a, n. 1; see also Werning 2020, for a distinction between cryptographic and “alienated” orthographies. 2 See discussions of cryptography as a feature of Egyptian elite scribal culture in Darnell 2020, “Non-Royal Cryptography.” 3 In many cases (e.g., Amduat, Book of the Earth, and cryptographic titularies), direct, non-cryptic parallels render a cryptographic sign’s value fully transparent and secure (see Werning 2008; Roberson 2007). In others (e.g., Book of Gates judgment scene, the Awakening of Osiris, and the “Jackal Hymn”), parallel cryptic sources provide additional insight into otherwise obscure signs (see Manassa 2006; Roberson 2013; Roberson 2020b). In all cases, a plausible reading “must be consistent https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-001

2

Introductionary Notes

examples derive from those texts and every effort has been made to be comprehensive in the coverage of cosmological passages written either fully or primarily in the cryptographic script,4 including select parallels from post-New Kingdom sources.5 In addition, isolated cryptographic words and signs, occurring in otherwise conventional, cosmological inscriptions, also appear in the Lexicon. However, because the line between isolated “cryptic” values, common orthographic variation, and scribal error is not always clear,6 such occurrences should be regarded as representative, rather than comprehensive. Alongside examples from the cosmological genre, the Lexicon also includes selections from private tombs and other monuments, enigmatic royal titulary, and miscellaneous royal inscriptions, all dating from the New Kingdom. These examples are intended to provide comparanda for the more robust cosmological corpus and to illustrate trends in “thematic” and “ornamental” cryptography alongside the “normal” cryptic system.7 For reasons of space, I have chosen to omit the sporadic instances of cryptography found in earlier periods,8 prior to the emergence of the “normal” cryptographic system, which developed over the course of Dynasties 17–18.9 Likewise, I have omitted various enigmatic temple inscriptions from the Persian and Greco-Roman periods.10 I have also omitted hieroglyphs with conventional values that occur within otherwise cryptic inscriptions.11 Finally, cryptographic writings from scarab seals,12

with the compositions and genres of which they are a part” (Darnell 2004, 11, n. 43), citing reasonable comparanda to avoid the proliferation of spurious, ad hoc values (compare, for instance, criticisms offered in Lurson 2017, 224–225, and esp. 226, at n. 23). 4 Note that certain, exceedingly common values (generally in excess of 20 occurrences within a single composition) have been listed in italics as “passim” for the source in question, rather than enumerating a needlessly long list of occurrences with transparent derivations. Some of these common values also appear frequently in non-cryptic inscriptions, e.g., the red crown (s. v. S3) for n, or the knife-sharpener (s. v. T31) for sšm, select examples of which can be located easily in the standard references, such as Gardiner’s Grammar and the Berlin Wörterbuch. 5 Primarily Saite- and Persian-era parallels to the judgment scene from the Book of Gates, as catalogued in Manassa 2007; and Third Intermediate Period, Saite, and Ptolemaic parallels for the AOTSB, as catalogued in Roberson 2013. 6 S.v. for instance I9 ( ), which occurs with the value tɜ in indisputably cryptographic contexts (Book of Gates and Solar-Osirian Unity) but also in isolated, non-cryptic contexts, evidently in error (Amduat). The best examples of isolated signs and words, which were understood in antiquity as enigmatic, are those which the ancient authors have glossed with plaintext “translations,” for which see Werning 2008; and Werning 2020, § 2.3. 7 For terminology, see Darnell 2004, 14–15; and Darnell 2020. 8 E.g., Gunn 1926, 136–137; Faulkner 1981. 9 For an overview of this development, see Darnell 2004. 10 See, e.g., Sauneron 1982; Leitz 2001; Leitz 2008. 11 E.g., the cryptogram (s. v. G39), which occurs with tremendous frequency and a wide range of values, also appears with its conventional value, as sɜ, in come cryptic texts (e.g., AMD, 446– 47); the Lexicon records only the former, cryptic examples, omitting the latter, conventional value. 12 E.g., Jurman 2010, 227–242.

§ 4 Typographical conventions

3

and particularly supposed “trigrams of Amun,”13 do not appear in the present corpus.14

§ 3 Organization of the corpus Part 1 of the Lexicon presents the cryptographic signs, their value(s), attestations, and basic bibliography, organized by sign number. Part 2 supplies a reverse index, organized by Egyptian consonant and cross-referenced with the numbered entries from Part 1. An Appendix provides a concise index of signs, by number. The Lexicon’s sign numbering system follows the conventions established by Alan Gardiner for his compendious Grammar.15 Extensions to Gardiner’s list follow the numbers employed in the JSesh Hieroglyphic editor (§ 4). New signs and variants have been encoded as a numeric subset of the parent sign, separated by a dot, e.g., A5.1, , as a variant of A5, .

§ 4 Typographical conventions The Lexicon employs digitally typeset hieroglyphs, rendered in the JSesh environment.16 The advantages to this open-source platform are numerous, chief amongst them being the ability to modify existing signs or add entirely new glyphs. This ability has been particularly useful with regard to the so-called “thematic” cryptograms, which diverge frequently from their standard orthographies in ways that are semantically significant (e.g., the addition of scepters and crowns to cipher-figures, who derive their Hieroglyphic value from the objects they bear; § 6.6). Of course, the chief advantages of any typeset lie in its overall legibility and the aesthetic cohesion of the resulting document, to say nothing of its portability within the digital domain. However, such aesthetic considerations come always at the expense of accuracy. As any epigrapher can attest, actual Egyptian inscriptions – even those of the highest quality – are replete with variations, which are also highly susceptible to change over time.17 Such nuances are antithetical to the notion of modern typography, lexicons, dictionaries, and sign-lists. As a result, this volume was not intend-

13 See Drioton 1957; Hornung and Staehelin, 1976, 173–176; Morenz 2004, 315–316; Cooney and Tyrrell 2005, 2, 4, 7–11, and passim; Espinel 2010, 321–322. 14 For a cogent rebuttal of “scarab cryptography,” see Ward 1978, 58–64. Note that Ward’s damning criticism regarding the “lack of any real system” (ibid., 59) in the decipherment of cryptography was directed specifically against Drioton’s principle of acrophony, for which see § 6.1, below. 15 Gardiner 1994, 438–548. 16 http://jsesh.qenherkhopeshef.org/. 17 E.g., see recently Meeks 2004, i–xxv; Meeks 2007.

4

Introductionary Notes

ed, and makes no attempt, to address such epigraphic concerns.18 Of course, I have included all of the iconographic variations that appeared significant, with regard to the cryptic values proposed by any given author. Suffice to say, all typographic conventions were intended to navigate a middle path between epigraphic accuracy and overabundance of iconographic detail, with the understanding that no convention can satisfy everyone, all of the time. Ultimately, scholars working in the realm of Egyptian cryptography should endeavor always to consult the original inscriptions, clear photographs, or epigraphic copies, whenever possible.

§ 5 Citation conventions Given the diverse organizational principles at work in the various cosmological books, et al., modern publications often employ idiosyncratic notational systems to indicate parallel sources, text locations, etc. In an effort to minimize confusion and save space, the Lexicon cites primary sources according to the abbreviations outlined at pp. iv–v, above, followed by the page or plate number of the monograph, and the relevant column(s) or row(s) of hieroglyphs, in ascending order. Rows/ columns are listed in ascending numeric order, from left to right or top to bottom, as appropriate. Multiple instances of a particular value in a given column/row are indicated in parentheses and multiple pages or plates are separated by semi-colons, e.g., “BSOU, pls. 13B, 15 (2 ×); 23, 58” = Book of the Solar-Osirian Unity, plate 13B, column fifteen (two occurrences); and plate 23, column fifty-eight. Texts published in shorter articles have been cited either by page or by internal divisions provided by the author in question, e.g., “SETY, Protocol A” = Drioton 1936a, first titulary; “Djehuty H1, 2” = Espinel 2010, hymn 1, column 2. Citations of standard text editions and reference works (e.g. KRI, Urk., and Wb) follow the usual practice for those volumes.

§ 6 Substitution mechanisms Scholarly opinion diverges in many cases, with regard to the values of cryptographic signs and/or the mechanisms by which those values were derived. In general, divergent interpretations of a sign’s value(s) or its mechanism(s) of substitution have been listed with relevant cross-references, with the notable exception of acrophony (§ 6.1). In addition, the Lexicon also includes several new proposals for certain cryptic values and/or their derivations; such proposals are introduced in each case by a double slash (//). Finally, it is important to note that the translation and analysis of cryptographic texts is, and should remain, an ongoing process. As

18 Cf. comments in Werning 2016, “Epigraphie.”

§ 6 Substitution mechanisms

5

our understanding of any given text improves, certain values, with otherwise plausible derivations, will be discarded inevitably in favor of more contextually sound alternatives.

6.1 Acrophony No sign values included in the Lexicon demand recourse to acrophony. The principle of acrophony, as defined by Drioton, derives phonograms from any Egyptian word that describes or otherwise suggests a given cryptic sign, keeping only one consonant from the chosen word.19 The chief objections to this methodology are the arbitrary selection of “suggestive” Egyptian terms and the equally arbitrary reduction and/or preservation of either/both strong and weak consonants.20 In the wake of penetrating criticisms by Fairman and many others,21 most pleas to acrophony have been debunked already in print and/or explained via more plausible mechanisms of substitution. In such cases, the Lexicon omits the acrophonic proposals without additional comment. In a handful of instances, which have not been debunked or addressed otherwise in prior literature, new proposals appear in the main entry, marked by a double slash (§ 6), with the discarded acrophonic explanation noted under the relevant author(s) in the bibliography.22

6.2 The Consonantal Principle The consonantal principle, as defined by Fairman, derives cryptic values from attested multi-literal signs and logograms, whose weak radicals collapse around a strong consonant (e.g., jmj > m).23 Some scholars have employed the terms “consonantal principle” and “acrophony” interchangeably.24 Such terminological impreci-

19 Drioton 1934, 193. 20 Fairman 1945, 133–137; Darnell 2004, 10–12; Klotz 2012b. 21 Fairman 1943, 298–305; Fairman 1945, 51–54, 80–97, 130–138. For additional references, see Darnell 2020, n. 12; and Roberson 2019a, n. 22. 22 For examples, s. v. D12, b; D60, wp; O42, š; W54, wp. 23 Fairman 1945, 62–63, 109–110; cf. also Vikentiev 1943, 117–118. 24 Compare, e.g., Effland and Effland 2004, 11 (E), “sɜ (über Akrophonie) als ‘s’”; Werning 2004, 189, [N.26 / ḏw] “in the Amduat… most likely stands for /t’/… according to the acrophonic principle… SⲦⲞⲞⲨ ~ BⲦⲰⲞⲨ”; and Espinel 2010, 334, P5, “Acrophony from ᶜ(ɜ)”; versus ibid, 335, T21, “Consonantal principle from… m(sn).” The first and third examples, through reduction of final weak aleph (cf. Coptic Ⲟ, Ⲁ–; Greek -ω-; Wb I, 161), and the second example, through reduction of final weal w, represent the consonantal principle, while the last example, through omission of multiple, strong consonants (cf. Coptic ⲘⲞⲤⲚ; Wb II, 145), constitutes acrophony. Confusing terminological inconsistencies appear already in the works of Drioton, e.g., 1936, 4, “[cryptic value s] par acrophonie consonantique de wsyr, « Osiris »; [cryptic value t] par acrophonie de ty.t.” The former example

6

Introductionary Notes

sion should be avoided wherever possible. Following Fairman, the Lexicon employs the term “consonantal principle” exclusively with reference to multi-literal signs and logograms whose cryptic values derive from the reduction of weak consonants in specific environments.25 Such omissions include the semi-vowels ɜ, w, j, and y, which might drop from any position in a word; the word-final, feminine marker .t; ayin in direct (written) contact with ḥ (i.e. ḥᶜ > ḥ)26; reduplicated or phonetically similar consonants in direct (written) juxtaposition (e.g., ḥḥ > ḥ; mn > m),27 which might also be conditioned by phonetic change (§ 6.7) (e.g., mqmq > mk)28; and otherwise strong consonants, which nevertheless dropped from pronunciation in certain syllable- and word-final positions (e.g., nṯr > nt; nb > n).29

6.3 Class substitutions The Lexicon employs the term “class substitution” for the interchange of signs within the same semantic category, i.e. one bird for another, one crown for another, one plant for another, one water hieroglyph for another, etc.30 Substitutions of this type can be conditioned by additional characteristics linking the signs in question, e.g., similarity of shape (§ 6.8); or signs showing the same object from a different aspect,31 e.g., D21 ( ) writing p in place of D26 ( ), i.e., lips/mouth viewed from the front and in profile, respectively.

6.4 Direct representation, antonomasia, and metonymy Direct representation employs individual hieroglyphs as a sort of miniature vignette, illustrating the cryptic word. Such derivations might result in novel and highly iconic hieroglyphs that blur the already fuzzy line between art and writing. Thus, for example, sign A471, , writing dr-pḏ.t-9, “He who smites the Nine Bows,” depicts just that: The Egyptian king smiting a kneeling prisoner, who stands, in turn, for all “Nine Bows,” by synecdoche (§ 6.10).32 Unlike cryptic logograms (§ 6.5), signs qualified as direct representations are not often attested in the conventional script, as determinatives. This is a natural outcome of the signs’ extremely high

constitutes acrophony (cf. Coptic ⲞⲨⲤⲒⲢⲈ, ⲞⲨⲤⲈⲢ–; Wb I, 359), while the latter, through reduction of final weak gender marker .t and medial semi-vowel -y-, represents the consonantal principle. 25 Fairman 1945, 132 ff. Thus, already Vikentiev 1943, 117–118. 26 Fairman 1945, 63. 27 Fairman 1943, 296; Fairman 1945, 64, 110. 28 Fairman 1945, 110. 29 Klotz 2012b, 27–29. 30 Vikentiev 1943, 118. 31 Fairman 1945, 114–115. 32 Étienne-Fart 1994, 136.

§ 6 Substitution mechanisms

7

iconicity and semantic specificity. However, because of the potential for arbitrary selection of merely fortuitous cryptic values (cf. § 6.1), instances of direct representation should be ideally as “direct” as possible, if not virtually self-evident in a given context.33 In addition, the reading should be checked against other factors wherever possible. Obviously, the most secure occurrences are those for which a non-cryptic parallel is extant, as in the preceding example, from a titulary of Sety I. In a number of cases, direct representations have been conditioned by an epithet, which describes the figure in question. Such examples are described properly as antonomasia.34 Thus, for example, sign C95, depicting Onuris, the son of the sun god, writes sɜ Rᶜ, “son of Re,” in various Ramesside-era cryptic titularies. Closely linked to direct representation and antonomasia is the concept of metonymy. Metonymy involves the substitution of an emblem or symbol of a thing to represent the thing itself. For example, the white crown of Upper Egypt (S1) might write njsw.t, “King of Upper Egypt.”35 Similarly, the baboon (E35), a well-known hypostasis of Thoth, might write that god’s name.

6.5 Logograms and the rebus principle One of the most frequently encountered substitution mechanisms is the use of noncryptic determinatives as cryptic logograms, i.e. unaccompanied by phonograms that might otherwise clarify the underlying root consonants. Given that some logographic spellings are common also in non-cryptic texts, the decision to include or exclude a given sign in the Lexicon has been conditioned largely by context.36 Thus, e.g., A14 ( ) as a logogram for ḫftj, “enemy,” is attested in non-cryptic contexts but appears also in the cryptic annotations to the Judgment scene from the Book of

33 Note that some thematic cryptograms are anything but “direct”; cf., for example, the complex, but nevertheless secure, derivation for the cat, as a writing of f (s. v. E13, Bib.). 34 The term antonomasia, like acrophony (§ 6.1), has been applied inconsistently and inaccurately in Egyptological literature. Thus, e.g., Drioton 1936a, 5, suggests that “L’étoile, , est, par antonomase, « Celle qui se lève »”; Étienne-Fart 1994, 135, critiquing such solutions as unconvincing, explains that antonomasia involves “la désignation d’une divinité par un substantif ou un adjectif indiquant l’élément, ou la qualité, qu’elle représenterait par excellence.” However, while ÉtienneFart is correct to point out the subjective nature of Drioton’s methodology, the method he describes does not constitute antonomasia, properly speaking, because it does not involve an attested epithet. Cryptic values derived from a quality or adjective, where context demands, should be regarded simply as direct representations, e.g. A310c (s. v.), showing a royal figure as a writing of ᶜɜ, “great,” or various crowned figures employed as direct representations of a nb, “lord.” 35 Fairman 1945, 99. 36 I have chosen to omit, for example, the so-called “sculptural cryptograms” (Taterka 2015, 72– 74), in which design elements in royal or private statuary spell out all or part of an individual’s name. These types of rebus spellings (see below) generally employ signs with more or less standard Hieroglyphic values, which only appear “cryptographic” by virtue of their sculptural context, as design elements.

8

Introductionary Notes

Gates; only the latter examples are included in the present volume. The Amduat, in particular, is rich in cryptic logograms, accompanied in many cases by glosses in the conventional Hieroglyphic script.37 The rebus principle extends the function of logograms to write the relevant consonants without the semantic connotation of the sign itself.38 Thus, for example, M31 (s. v.), depicting a pot with emerging shoots of grain, writes rd, “foot” by rebus from the verb rd, “to grow”; likewise, various grinding figures (s. v. A36, B36) write nḏ, “to protect” from the verb nḏ, “to grind.” It seems likely that, once a sign acquired a particular value as a cryptic logogram, that value could probably always be employed also as a rebus. Nevertheless, not all logograms are attested as rebuses. In addition, it is important to note that the rebus principle may be observed in conjunction with virtually all of the substitution mechanisms under consideration here; most of these occurrences are self-explanatory and have not been indicated as such in the respective entries.

6.6 Objects held or worn by cipher-figures Cipher-figures appear without phonographic or logographic values. Instead, a Hieroglyphic object, which the figure holds or wears, conveys the relevant consonant(s).39 Thus, e.g., A24+R8 (s. v.) depicts a man brandishing a nṯr-fetish, like an axe. However, neither the man nor his bellicose posture effect the reading, which is simply nṯr. At the same time, it is important to note that, while cipher-figures themselves do not convey a sign’s consonantal value, the selection of one figure over another was conditioned very often by the theological/mythological content and context of the inscription. This observation is particularly relevant in the case of so-called “ornamental” and “thematic” cryptography.40

6.7 Phonetic interchange Cryptic signs frequently employ new consonantal values, which exploit the processes of historical sound change, evident to a greater or lesser extent in all phases of

37 For this phenomenon, see Werning 2008. 38 For examples of rebus substituions as design elements, which have not been included in the present corpus, see Silverman 1980. 39 See Fairman 1945, 122–23. 40 Darnell 2004, 14–15; and see now Klotz 2020. Cf., for instance, sign A311e.1, which depicts a standing god wearing the elaborate crown of Geb and carrying a ḥqɜ-scepter; the entire group conveys only the ḥqɜ-value. However, the choice of Geb, in the context of a cryptic titulary of Ramesses VI, surely alludes to the king as the Osirian son of Geb.

§ 6 Substitution mechanisms

9

the Egyptian language.41 In addition, some substitutions appear to exploit phonetic similarity between consonants that had not coalesced in the spoken language of the New Kingdom (e.g., b ~ p).42 However, not all possible (inter)changes are attested, nor do attested shifts occur with equal frequency. The most commonly attested shifts occur among the dental series (mostly t, ṯ, and ḏ, d)43 and the semi-vowels (including weakened r; see § 6.2). The following table includes all of the phonetic interchanges attested in the present corpus. The first consonant in each case represents the normal, non-cryptic sound value (including Ø, in final position only); the consonant(s) after the tilde (~) represent attested cryptic sound(s), which the normal consonant might encipher:

Ø~r

ɜ ~ j, r

j ~ ɜ, y, ᶜ, w, r, t

jw ~ ᶜ, r

y~w

ᶜ~r

ᶜ.wj ~ r

w ~ ɜ, r

b~p

m~n

n~m

r ~ ɜ, j, y, ᶜ, w

rɜ ~ jw

ḫ ~ ẖ, k, g

ẖ~ḫ

š ~ ḫ, ẖ, s

q~k

g ~ q, k

t ~ ṯ, d

ṯ ~ t, d

d ~ t, ḏ

ḏ ~ t, d

6.8 Shape substitutions and substitutions from the Hieratic In principle, any signs occupying the same space within the pre-Ramesside “ideal square”44 might interchange with one another, i.e., short/narrow signs; short/broad signs; tall/narrow signs; and tall/broad signs. In practice, such substitutions are ) writes conditioned frequently by additional similarities of form,45 e.g., D54 ( q, substituting for N29 ( ), as low/narrow signs with triangular shape; likewise, ) writes ḏw, substituting for N26 ( ), as low/broad signs, taller on the D40 (

41 For contemporary and earlier phases of the language, see references in Roberson 2013, 5, nn. 19–21. For Ptolemaic, see Fairman 1945, 64–67, 92–97, 111–112. Note that the cryptic interchange of ᶜ with r probably reflects a weakening of the latter consonant but not the former (see ibid., 94a). Also noteworthy is the exceptional use of ḫ for k and g, for which see references in Darnell 2004, 128, n. 408; with caveats in Quack 2005, 27. 42 For the graphic interchange of phonetically similar consonants, esp. with regard to d ~ t, see discussion and references in Schweitzer, 2011, 135, n. 40, and 137, n. 66; for a dissenting view, cf. Werning 2020. 43 Note that the interchange of d and t has been challenged in Werning 2004, 187–188 and ff.; for counter-arguments and examples supporting the interchange of d and t from the New Kingdom and earlier, cf. Schweitzer 2011, 133–142; and Roberson 2018b. 44 For the ideal square and its elaboration in Ramesside and later times, see Loprieno 1995, 21–23. 45 Thus, also Werning 2020, § 3.1, 7d. Compare also Ptolemaic examples in Fairman 1945, 116; for non-cryptic, graphic confusions and assimilation of similarly shaped signs from the Old Kingdom and later, compare, for instance, Régen 2010.

10

Introductionary Notes

ends and lower in the middle. In some cases, such as the latter pair, the similarity of shape might also exploit ambiguity in the Hieratic orthographies of the signs in question, as well as phonetic similarities (§ 6.7).

6.9 Sportive writings or “visual puns” Sportive writings involve plays on words,46 relating to the appearance or behavior of the object depicted in a cryptic Hieroglyph. Such puns are rarely subtle and typi), cally involve literal descriptions of what the sign is or does, e.g. hair (D3, writing ḥrj-tp, “that which above the head”; a duckling in an egg (H34, ), writing ), writing jmj, “what is inside”; or a snake emerging from an enclosure (I24, prj, “to emerge.”

6.10 Synecdoche: part for whole and whole for part Synecdoche may refer either to the part substituting for the whole (pars pro toto), or the whole substituting for the part (totum pro parte). Examples of the former substitution include, for example, the flower bud, (M112), for the whole plant, , , as a writing of as a writing of ḫ(ɜ); or the pupil, (D12), for the whole eye, jr(t). Examples of whole-for-part substitutions include the face, (D2), for the eye, , as a writing of jr(t); or the fighting man, (A206), for the fighting arms , as a writing of ᶜḥɜ. Both types of synecdoche are common in the cryptographic corpus.

6.11 Synonymy Substitutions by synonymy occur infrequently.47 Examples include the headless (F26), writing jm(j), “what is inside,” as a synonym for the sign’s normal calf, bi-literal value in the word ẖn(w), “interior”; and the scepter, (S42), writing ɜḫ, “effective,” as a synonym for the sign’s normal value as sḫm, “powerful.”

6.12 Unknown mechanisms A number of signs with clearly demonstrable cryptic values nevertheless continue to defy attempts to explain their derivation.48 Some, such as the grasshopper,

46 See already Sethe 1924 and cf. from the present corpus E22 + N5. 47 For Ptolemaic examples, see Fairman 1945, 106–107. 48 Cf. thus, with regard to Ptolemaic, Fairman 1945, 128–130.

§ 6 Substitution mechanisms

11

(D26), writing p,50 might represent (L4), writing r,49 and the spewing mouth, 51 examples of onomatopoeia. Such solutions can appear very attractive but can also be difficult or impossible to advance beyond the realm of speculation.52 Other cryp(E130), writing ḥ, remain more or less entirely tic signs, such as the mouse, opaque.53

49 Werning 2008, 144. 50 Darnell 2004 43, nn. 28–30. 51 For general references, see Osing 1982, 573. 52 Thus, Darnell 2004, 43, who notes that the onomatopoeic explanation for p “cannot be seen as a complete solution.”. 53 S.v. E130, for a tentative suggestion of onomatopoeia. In addition to the three “unknown” signs cited above, only the derivations for L1 (jkɜ, f, tɜ) and M4 (jnk) remain unexplained.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

A Men A1 j Exs. Bib.

rebus (< suffix =j). BC, pl. LXIX (= WHb, 264, 1). Djehuty H2, 3, 8 (?). Louvre C65, 30, nr. 60. Drioton 1933a, 36, nr. 1; Espinel 2010, 316 (p), 329.

f (?) Exs. Bib.

class (A9↓) / ancient edit: first person to third. Djehuty H2, 4, 8 (?). Espinel 2010, 316 (p), 329.

ḥkn Exs. Bib.

class (A26↓). AMD, 379, 5, 12. see A26↓

A2 j Exs. Bib.

direct (indication of first person; cf. A359↓: ) / class (A1↑: AOTSB 97, 2. Roberson 2013, 100 (h); also see A359↓

m Exs. Bib.

// logogram + consonantal (mrj ~ Coptic ⲘⲈ(ⲒⲈ), Wb I, 98–99). Khaemhat, 5, nr. 52. Drioton 1933a, 36, nr. 2 (acrophony).

sɜ (?) Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb IV, 14–16)? class (A47: AOTSB 105, 1. Roberson 2013, 107 (d), n. 511.

ḥkn Exs. Bib.

class (A26↓). AMD, 118, 9; 150, 5. see A26↓

A4 jmn Exs.

Bib.

).

)?

class (A5: ; also cf. cryptic A5.1↓: ). AMD, 348, 1, 3 (2 ×), 5, 6 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×), 10 (2 ×); 349, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10; 716, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8. BG, 197, 1, 2, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text L). BSOU, pls. 12, 19 (?); 22A (left); 30, 2 (left) (?); 33, 2. Djehuty H2, 9. Zeidler 1999, vol. 2, 150.4; Darnell 2004, 79, n. 199, 131, n. 421; Manassa 2004, 588; Manassa 2006, 112; Werning 2008, 127 (7d), 137; Espinel 2010, 329.

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-002

16

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

dwɜ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb V, 426–428). BSOU, pls. 5B, 15; 6A, 1; 7B, 2; 30, 2 (left) (?); 33, 2. DAY, 128, 3. Darnell 2004, 79, n. 199, 131, n. 421; Manassa 2004, 588.

A4c jmn

variant A4↑

A5.1 jmn Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (part for whole, A5: AMD, 348, 9. see A4↑

A7a ḏḥ Exs. Bib.

A9 f Exs. Bib. fɜj Exs. Bib.

A14 ḫft(j) Exs.

) + logogram (Wb I, 83.12–22).

// direct + consonantal (dḥ(ɜ)-ᶜ, “mit herabhängenden Arm,” Wb V, 480.3) + phonetic (d ~ ḏ). MMA Palette, 15, nr. 2 (in name, Ḏḥwty). Drioton 1933a, 18, 36, nr. 3 (reading ṯ, by acrophony).

consonantal (fɜj↓); also cf. A123↓ Abydos 1, 1. Khaemhat, 5, nr. 46; 7, nr. 103. Drioton 1933a, 36, nr. 4; Fairman 1945, 62 (i), 70; Klotz 2012b, 24; also cf. A26↓ logogram (Wb I, 573–574). BG, 197, 1, 2, 3, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text I); 198, 1, 2, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J). Fairman 1945, 99.

Bib.

logogram (Wb III, 276–277). AMD, 118, 3, 5, 7, 9; 144, 2, 3 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 7, 9 (2 ×); 285, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10. BC, pl. LX, 2 (= WHb, 236, 11). BG, 200 (top), 3 (= Manassa 2006, Text O); MLEU, pl. 96 (Text O), 1 (4 ×), 2(4 ×), 3 (4 ×). DAY, 206, 1, 2. NIGHT: MLEU, pls. 124, 2 (3 ×); 125, 2 (3 ×). Werning 2008, 137.

A14a ḫft(j)

variant A14↑

A Men

A16 nḏ Exs. Bib.

class (cryptic A36↓: ) / synecdoche (part for whole). BG, 192, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text A). see A36↓

dwɜ Exs. Bib.

class (cryptic A30↓: ). DAY, 331, 7. Müller-Roth 2008, 335, nr. 314 (without comment).

17

A16.1 + C12i.2 wḥm-ḫᶜ.w direct (Osiris “repeating coronation” in the afterlife). Exs. AOTSB, 112, 1. Bib. Étienne-Fart 1994, 137; Roberson 2013, 115 (j); Taterka 2015, 77.

A17 ms Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 139). Djehuty H1, 4, 5; Djehuty H2, 1, 5. KRI III, 636, 8 (Ostracon CG 25671). KRI VI, 43 (Statue CG 42151). Urk. IV, 48, 5. Sauneron and Yoyotte 1950, 10 (b); 11, n. 1; Morenz 2004, 314; Espinel 2010, 311 (v), 315 (e), 329.

nfr Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 258.1–2, nfrw). Nefertari (note: female variant in queen’s titulary). Taterka 2015, 79–80 (note: Taterka’s reading of the seated child + following goddess C156↓ as an elaborate thematic cryptogram, Nfr.t jrt mr n Mw.t, “young girl crying in front of Mut,” as a phonetic rendering of the full name of Nefertari, Nfr.t-jrj-mr.t-n-Mw.t, presents some difficulties, most notably, the fact that the seated child does not appear to be crying but rather holding her hand to her face in the usual manner of such figures).

ḫ Exs.

logogram (ḫjj, Wb III, 217.3–8) + consonantal. BC, pl. CXLVII, nr. 9 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 386, 3). BSOU, pls. 7B, 5; 12, 20, 21; 13B, 15 (2 ×); 23, 58; 24, 9, 16, 27; 25, 39. DAY, 143, 1. Djehuty H1, 3; Djehuty H2, 1, 2, 3, 9 (2 ×). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 13; 6, nr. 93. MMA Palette, 16, nr. 32. NUT, 31, § 133. Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1B). Drioton 1933a, 10, 36, nr. 7 (acrophony); Drioton 1942, 104, No 48; Fairman 1945, 76; Darnell 2004, 22, a, 85, nn. 228–29; Manassa 2004, 588; Werning 2008, 137; Müller-Roth 2008, 149 (12b), 455; Espinel 2010, 311 (v), 329.

Bib.

18

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

ẖ Exs. Bib.

// phonetic (ḫ↑ ~ ẖ). MMA Palette, 16, nr. 39. Drioton 1933a, 10, 36, nr. 7 (acrophony).

šr Exs. Bib.

logogram (šrj, Wb IV, 526) + consonantal. NUT, § 54. Von Lieven 2007, 32.

A18 n

Bib.

logogram + consonantal (nww / nn, Wb II, 215.20–23) / object (cryptic S3↓: ). Semna statuette, front, 2 (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278); pillar left side, 1 (= ibid., 283); body, 2R, 2L (= ibid., 285) from Louvre C65, 29, nr. 17. Klotz and Brown 2016, 286, n. 125, 287, 301.

A19 wr Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 326–329). AOTSB, 65, 5, 6, 7, 8. Roberson 2013, 73 (n), n. 358.

Exs.

smsw logogram (Wb IV, 142). Exs. BC, pl. LXXVIII, nr. 17 (2, 3, 5) (= WHb, 248, 4). Bib. Werning 2008, 137.

A21 ᶜḥᶜ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 218.3). DAY, 128, 8. NIGHT, 153, 1 (see wr↓) Drioton 1942, 102, No 18; Müller-Roth 2008, 131 (13b).

wr Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb IV, 70.17–23). NIGHT, 153, 1 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, j). Roberson 2020b, nn. 65–66.

nb

variant A23a↓, Cairo stela TR 30/10/17/8.

t Exs. Bib.

logogram (jtj, Wb I, 143) + consonantal. NIGHT, 153, 1 (see wr↑). Roberson 2020b, n. 68.

A21a variant A21↑, NIGHT.

A Men

19

A21a + U23 smr logogram (Wb IV, 138.5 ff., NK) + direct (mr-chisel) Exs. Louvre C65, 28, nr. 2. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 37, nr. 12.

A23a ᶜḥᶜ, wr variant A21a↑, NIGHT. njsw.t direct (a “king”). Exs. Louvre Palette. Bib. Seidlmayer 1991, 320–321. nb Exs. Bib.

direct (“lord”); also cf. A42↓ SETY, Protocol B. Cairo stela TR 30/10/17/8, 6 (= Selim 2003, 256, r). Drioton 1936a, 6 (i); also see A42↓

t

variant A21a↑, NIGHT.

A23a.1 nṯr direct (“god”); class (standing/seated gods, cryptic A40↓: Exs. RII, Protocol E. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 9–10 (a).

).

A23a.2 nfr direct (antonomasia, Nefertem = “He who is both nfr and tm,” LGG IV, 221, New Kingdom); cf. C8.2↓ Exs. RII, Protocol E. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 10 (a).

A24 ḥ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḥwj, Wb III, 46–48). Djehuty H2, 5 (2 ×). Darnell 2004, 2, n. 7; Manassa 2004, 588; Espinel 2010, 329.

ḫrp Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb III, 326.8 ff., New Kingdom). Semna Statuette, body, 1R, 1L (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285). Klotz and Brown 2016, 285 (m), 302.

t(w) Exs. Bib.

consonantal (twr, Wb V, 252.10–13). DAY, 142, 8. Müller-Roth 2008, 147 (7g), 455.

20

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

A24 + R8 nṯr // object (nṯr-fetish). Exs. BG, 197, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text I).

A25 ḥ

A26 j Exs. Bib.

variant: A24↑

logogram (Wb I, 25). AOTSB, 65, 1, 3, 4. Djehuty H1, 2 (?); Khaemhat, 7, nr. 112. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 4, 22; 27, nr. 63; 29, nr. 23. Drioton 1933a, 10, 36, nr. 8; Werning 2008, 137; Espinel 2010, 309 (g), 316 (o), 329; Roberson 2013, 66 (b), n. 316.

(w)n Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 89.1–6) + consonantal. BC, pl. LXII, 1 (= WHb, 236, 19); LXIX, 3 (= WHb, 264, 1). Werning 2008, 137.

f Exs. Bib.

logogram (fɜj, Wb I, 574) + consonantal. AOTSB, 65, 5 (alt., fɜj↓). Djehuty H2, 3 (?). Espinel 2010, 316 (o); Roberson 2013, 74–75 (s).

fɜj Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 574). AOTSB, 65, 5 (alt., f ↑). Roberson 2013, 74–75 (s).

m Exs. Bib.

// synecdoche (whole for part, cryptic D36↓: MMA Palette, 16, nr. 27. Louvre C65, 29, nr. 20. Drioton 1933a, 36, nr. 8 (acrophony).

hy

// class (speaking / reciting men, A2: ) + logogram (Wb II, 471, 1–9, noting also non-cryptic use of A26 as determinative from the Late Period). MMA Palette, 16, nr. 27 (in jrj hy-hnw). Drioton 1933a, 10, 36 (reading m by acrophony).

Exs. Bib. ḥkn Exs. Bib.

)

class (A30: ) + logogram (Wb III, 178.2–19). AMD, 115, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11; 118, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7; 141, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11; 146, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9; 150, 2, 3, 7; 379, 3, 7, 11. Djehuty H1, 2 (?), 3 (?); Djehuty H2, 8 (?). Werning 2008, 137; Espinel 2010, 329.

A Men

A26 + D53 m-bɜḥ cryptic A26↑ + object (D53: Exs. Louvre C65, 27, nr. 67. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 37, nr. 14.

, A26 + F34, I6, S1 f(ɜj) variants A26↑ Exs. AOTSB↑

21

)

,

A26 + X2 jt cryptic A26↑ + X2↓ Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 43. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 37, nr. 13.

A27 j Exs. Bib. jn Exs.

class (A1 / A26↑: / ). AOTSB, 97, 1, 2, 3; also cf. jn↓ see A26↑

Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 89.1–11). AOTSB, exs. at j↑ (= Werning 2016). BC, pl. LXIX, 3 (= WHb, 264, 1); LXXIII, 3, 4 (= WHb, 270, 1). RII, Luxor unnumbered. Djehuty H1, 2; Djehuty H2, 2. KRI II, 217, 4–5 (Amara West). Werning 2008, 137; Boraik 2008, 134; Espinel 2010, 329; Werning 2016.

(w)n Exs. Bib.

// consonantal back-formation (jn↑). BC: MLEU, pl. 288A, 6 (= WHb 236, 19). Manassa 2007, 406 (without comment).

A28 f Exs. Bib.

class, cryptic A9↑, A123↓ (“lifting” figures) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 48. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 25.

ḥᶜ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb III, 40.2). Djehuty H2, 6. Espinel 2010, 329 (“uplift,” sic.; cf. p. 314/6).

22

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

q Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (qɜj, Wb V, 1–3) Khaemhat, 5, nr. 42; 7, nr. 98; 8, nr. 144. Drioton 1933a, 10, 37, nr. 9.

A30 jɜw

see dwɜ↓

jmn Exs.

Bib. dwɜ Exs. Bib.

class (men with arms shielding face, A5: ); also cf. A4↑ AMD, 348, 2 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5, 11 (2 ×); 349, 2, 4, 11; 716, 5. BC, pl. LXII, 1, 2, 3 (= WHb, 236, 16); LXXVII, nr. 15 (1, 3) (= WHb, 248, 2); LXXIX, nr. 26 (2, 3) (= WHb, 266, 1); MLEU, pl. 288A, 5. see A4↑ logogram (Wb V, 426–428); alternately, read as logogram from jɜw (Wb I, 28.1–6); cf. also A26↑ Djehuty H1, 3. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 29 (jɜw). Fairman 1945, 99; Espinel 2010, 329.

A30 + R8 dwɜ-nṯr // direct (nṯr-fetish) + logogram (dwɜ, Wb V, 426.6–14). Exs. MMA Palette, 15, nr. 1; 16, nr. 17. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 37 (reading dwɜ only).

A32 jbɜ Exs. Bib.

A36 nḏ Exs. Bib.

A40 nṯr Exs.

logogram (Wb I, 62.14). AMD, 141, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 11. Hornung 1963, 29, nr. 87.

logogram / rebus (Wb II, 369.11–13); also cf. B36↓ BG, 192, 1, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text A). Djehuty H2, 1, 3. Also cf. B36↓ Drioton 1952, 25; Roulin 1996, vol. 1, 255, n. 1286; Darnell 2004, 24, n. 48; Manassa 2004, 588; Manassa 2006, 112; Espinel 2010, 329; Roberson 2013, 58 (b). Also cf. B36↓

logogram (Wb II, 358–359; LGG III, 557, New Kingdom). BSOU, pls. 21, 37; 30, 4 (right). Djehuty H1, 3; Djehuty H2, 2, 6, 7. KRI II, 215, 8 (Amara West). Semna statuette, front, 1 (3 × = plural) (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278). Khaemhat, 8, nr. 143 (3 × = plural).

A Men

23

Bib.

Drioton 1936a, 2 (a); Drioton 1942, 102, No 65; Darnell 2004, 186; Manassa 2004, 589; Espinel 2010, 330; Klotz and Brown 2016, 279, n. 55, 302.

tɜ Exs. Bib.

class / synecdoche (part for whole) (C12↓). AMD, 356, 11, 12. see C12↓

A40 + O6 ḥw.t-nṯr direct (ḥw.t-enclosure + nṯr); also cf. A296b.1↓ + O6 Exs. SETY, Gurna 1. Bib. Drioton 1940, 310.

A40b nṯr Exs. Bib.

variant A40↑ NIGHT, 154, 1 (= Roberson 2020b, § 6, b). see A40↑

A40c nb Exs.

direct (seated “lord”) // object + synonymy (ḥqɜ, “ruler” ~ “lord”). NIGHT, 155, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 9, b).

A40e nṯr Exs. Bib.

variant A40↑ SETY, Protocol A; Gurna 19. NIGHT, 154, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 6, b). Drioton 1940, 313; also see A40↑

A41 nṯr Exs. Bib.

class (A40↑). Louvre Palette. Seidlmayer 1991, 320–321.

nb

variant A42↓

n Exs. Bib.

consonantal (nb↑) Louvre C65, 27, nr. 68. Drioton 1933a, 27, nr. 20 (acrophony, sic.); for n(b) > n, see Klotz 2012b, 28– 29.

24

A42 pr-ᶜɜ Exs. Bib. nb Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

// direct (“pharaoh”). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 25; 29, nr. 35. Drioton 1933a, 37, nr. 21 (acrophony). direct (“lord”); also cf. A23a↑ DAY, 142, 1. Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1B). Khaemhat, 5, nr. 75; 8, nr. 145. Louvre C65, 27, nr. 68 (+ A43↓ + A45↓ = , nb.w) Drioton 1933a, 37, nr. 20 (reading nb(.w) n); Drioton 1942, 106, No 29; ÉtienneFart 1994, 137; Darnell 2004, 26, n. 62; Manassa 2004, 589; Müller-Roth 2008, 145 (3a), 455; Roberson 2013, 90 (b); also see A23a↑

njsw.t direct (“king”) Exs. Semna statuette, body, 1R, 1L (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285). Bib. Klotz and Brown 2016, 302.

A42a nb Exs. Bib.

variant A42↑ AOTSB, 112, 1 (3 ×) (= SETY, Protocol F). see A42↑

A42c nb Exs. Bib.

variant A42↑ SETY, Protocol B. see A42↑

A42c.1 nb variant A42↑ Exs. RII, Protocol D. Bib. see A42↑

A43 njsw.t direct (a njsw.t-“king”). Exs. SETY, Protocol C. Semnah statuette, front, 1 (in ḥtp-dj-njsw.t; also cf. A43b↓ and A57d↓) (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278). Bib. Drioton 1936a, 3 (d); Fairman 1945, 97; Klotz and Brown 2016, 278, n. 53, 302.

A Men

nb Exs. Bib.

25

// direct (“lord”) , nb.w) Louvre C65, 27, nr. 69 (+A42↑+A45↓ = Drioton 1933a, 37, nr. 22 (reading n, by acrophony, in nb(.w) n)

A43a njsw.t variant A43↑ Exs. SETY, Protocol A. Bib. see A43↑ nb Exs. Bib.

variant A43↑ AOTSB, 89, 1. see A42↑

Stẖ Exs. Bib.

class (seated gods, pious substitution of Osiris for Seth, C7: SETY, Protocol C. Roberson 2013, 95 (c), n. 442; also see C98.1–2↓

A43b nb Exs. Bib.

variant A43↑ AOTSB, 89, 4. see A42↑

)

njsw.t variant A43↑ Exs. Semna statuette, front, 1 (in njsw.t nṯr.w; also cf. A43↑) (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278). Bib. Klotz and Brown 2016, 279. Stẖ Exs. Bib.

A43c nb Exs.

variant A43a↑ AOTSB, 93, 1. Roberson 2013, 95 (c), n. 442; also see C98.1–2↓

Bib.

variant A43↑ Semna Statuette, front, 1 (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278; also see ibid., 280, n. 66, for alternate reading as ḫntj). Klotz and Brown 2016, 279–280 (d), 302; also see A42↑.

A43e nb Exs. Bib.

variant A42↑ AOTSB, 89, 3. see A42↑

26

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

Stẖ Exs. Bib.

variant A43a↑ SETY, Protocol B. see A43A↑; also see C98.1–2↓

A45 bj.tj Exs. Bib.

direct (bj.tj-“king”); cf. A43↑ SETY, Protocols A, B. Drioton 1936a, 3 (d); Fairman 1945, 97.

nb Exs. Bib.

// direct (“lord”) , nb.w) Louvre C65, 27, nr. 68 (+A42↑+A43↑ = Drioton 1933a, 37, nr. 22 (reading b, by acrophony, in nb(.w) n)

A45e n Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (whole for part, cryptic S3↓: SETY, Gurna 6, 15. Drioton 1940, 311–312.

A47 jry Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 103–106). Djehuty H2, 9. Espinel 2010, 330.

ḥ Exs. Bib.

class (men with sticks, cryptic A24↑: ) BC, pl. LXXVII, nr. 10 (= WHb, 246, 1). See A24↑

A51d nṯr Exs. Bib.

direct (“god”). Djehuty H2, 3. Espinel 2010, 330.

A53 j Exs. Bib.

).

class (cryptic A1↑: ) / synonymy (jɜw, “old age,” as euphemism for the deceased, Wb I, 28.10) + consonantal; also cf. A54↓ RII, Luxor 41 (in jšrw, “lake”). Drioton 1940, 327, nr. 41 (acrophony < jrw); Klotz 2017.

A Men

A54 j (?) Exs. Bib. jt (?) Exs. Bib. m (?) Exs. Bib. nb Exs. Bib.

27

class (cryptic A1↑: ) / synonymy (jɜw, “old age,” as euphemism for the deceased, Wb I, 28.10) + consonantal; also cf. A53↑ Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1C; also cf. jt↓ and m↓). Darnell 2004, 25 (b). consonantal (jwty ~ Coptic ⲀⲦ–, Wb I, 46) + direct (nocturnal form of the sun god, Atum). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1C; also cf. j↑ and m↓). Darnell 2004, 25–26; Manassa 2004, 589. direct (“dead”) + consonantal (mt, Wb II, 165–167) // logogram + consonantal (mny, “death,” see Bib.) BG: MLEU, pl. 96 (Text L, 1). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1C; also cf. j↑ and jt (?)↑). Darnell 2004, 26, n. 61; Manassa 2004, 589; Klotz 2006, 21, a (re: mny); Manassa 2006, 112, 130 (a). class (A42↑, bearded, wrapped figures); perhaps also logogram (Wb II, 227, Greco-Roman) Neferrenpet, 21, nrs. 7, 13. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 48; 28, nrs. 7, 11. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 24 (nb, as epithet of Osiris).

A57 ḥtp-dj-njsw.t direct (“king giving a ḥtp-hieroglyph”); also cf. A57d↓ Exs. Urk. IV, 46, 6. Bib. Clère 1955.

A57c f Exs. Bib.

logogram (fɜj jḫ.t, Wb I, 573.11, “to lift offerings”) + consonantal; also cf. A26↑+F34, I6, S1. RII, Luxor unnumbered. Boraik 2008, 134, bottom.

A57c + N62 ḫf antonomasia ~ synonymy (Khonsu = ḫy, the “child,” LGG V, 615–616, GrecoRoman ~ Khonsu pɜ ẖrd, “the child,” ibid., 770, New Kingdom) + direct (fɜj, “lifting” offerings) + consonantal: ḫ(y) + f(ɜj). Exs. RII, Luxor unnumbered. Bib. Boraik 2008, 134.

28

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

A57d ḥtp-dj-njsw.t direct (“king giving a ḥtp-hieroglyph”); also cf. A57↑ Exs. Louvre Palette. Frankfurt Palette. Semna Statuette, front 1 (note, with seated variant A43↑: ) (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278). Bib. Clère 1955; Seidlmayer 1991, 320–321; Klotz and Brown 2016, 278, n. 53.

A58 bɜ(w) direct (“hacking up”) / synecdoche (whole for part, U7+D40: gram (Wb I, 415.12–17). Exs. KRI II, 217, 4 (Amara West).

A59a.1 sḫm-ḫpš direct (“powerful of forelimb”). Exs. AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Bib. Étienne-Fart 1994, 136; Roberson 2013, 115 (g); Taterka 2015, 76.

A63b.1 nb direct (seated “lord”). Exs. SETY, Protocol B. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 5 (d); also see A43↑

A71 jmn Exs. Bib.

class (A4↑: ). BG, 197, 3 (= Manassa 2006, Text L). see A4↑

A73.1 ḥ Exs. Bib.

class (C11↓: ). AOTSB, 65, 2, 3, 4. see C11↓

ḥḥ Exs. Bib.

class (C11↓: ). AMD, 383, 3, 4, 5, 7, 12. Djehuty H1, 1. Espinel 2010, 330.

) + logo-

A Men

A84 j Exs. Bib.

29

direct (first person). AOTSB, 65, 1, 2, 3, 4; 97, 1 (2 ×), 2, 3 (2 ×); 110, 1. Roberson 2013, 69 (g).

A87 + N26 nḏ class (A36↑: Exs. AOTSB, 65, 7. Bib. see A36↑

).

A93.1 + O6 nb shape & class (A101d↓). Exs. AOTSB, 97, 1, 2, 3. Bib. Roberson 2013, 97–98 (c). nb(.t)-ḥw.t // direct (ḥw.t-enclosure) + shape/class (A101d↓). Exs. AOTSB, see nb↑ Bib. Werning 2016.

A93.2 + O6 variant A93.1↑ + O6

A101d nb consonantal (nbj, Wb II, 236.10–11). Exs. BC, pls. LXX, 1, 2, 3 (= WHb, 264, 2). BSOU, pl. 4B, 15 (goddess in the barque’s prow), 32. MMA Palette, 17, nr. 60. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 37, nr. 17; Darnell 2004, 40, n. 18, 194, n. 126, 278–79, n. 17; Manassa 2004, 589; Werning 2008, 131 (1), 137.

A101d.1 mḥ class (A100a: ) + logogram (mḥj, Wb II, 121–122). Exs. AMD, 403, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12. Bib. Werning 2008, 137.

30

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

A114.1 ms(w) synecdoche (whole for part, D36↓ + V17); consonantal (m-sɜ). Exs. Abydos 2, side A. Bib. Effland and Effland, 14 (d); also see D36↓ + V17.

A123 f Exs. Bib.

standing variant A9↑ Louvre C65, 26, nr. 43; 27, nr. 78. Drioton 1933a, 37, nr. 15; also see A9↑

A141a nb consonantal (nbj, Wb II, 236). Exs. NUT, § 134, x + 36. SHADOW 15; 17; 18; 20; 21. MMA Palette, 16, nr. 33. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 36, nr. 6; Vikentiev 1943, 117; von Bomhard 2014, 97.

A189 + S34 dj(w) ᶜnḫ object + phonetic (ṯɜw, “breath” ~ dj) + object (ᶜnḫ) / direct (“he who gives the breath of life”). Exs. RII, Luxor 20 (= KRI II, 612, 14). KRI II, 613, 2. Bib. Drioton 1940, 323–324.

A206 ᶜḥɜ Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (whole for part, D34: DAY, 282, 4, 5. Drioton 1942, 100, No 123.

).

A206.1 sḥ direct (anthropomorphized constellation, Osiris-Orion) / synecdoche (part / D61: ); + consonantal (sɜḥ) for whole, D61a: Exs. KRI II, 347, 3. Bib. Redford 1971, 117 (y) (reading bḫn); present reading follows a suggestion from Darnell 2015. A239 nṯr ᶜɜ Exs. Bib.

// Metonymy (sistrum as emblem of the “great god”)? Medinet Habu (Darnell 2004, 361, n. 376, and pl. 38B = Drioton 1934, 197). Drioton (ibid., citing Junker), citing the same value from a Ptolemaic inscription at Dendera.

A Men

A241 ḥzj Exs. Bib.

31

direct (a harp-playing “singer”) / logogram (Wb III, 164.11–22, note: noncryptic use from Greco-Roman period). Frankfurt palette. Seidlmayer 1991, 321, 324.

A245c.1 ɜw(.t)-jb object + class (F34: ) / direct (“extending the heart”). Exs. DAY, 143, 4. Bib. Müller-Roth 2008, 455; also cf. jn.w↓ jn.w Exs. Bib.

object (W24); direct (“tribute; that which is brought”). DAY, 143, 4. Drioton 1942, 103, No 52; Darnell 2004, 150–51 (without comment); also cf. ɜw(.t)-jb↑

A296b.1 + L1 jt object + consonantal back-formation (tɜ↓) Exs. RII, Luxor unnumbered. Bib. Yoyotte 1955, 86–87 (a); Boraik 2008, 134 (bottom). tɜ Exs. Bib.

object (L1↓: ). RII, Luxor unnumbered. Boraik 2008, 134 (top).

A296b.1 + N25 ḥ direct representation (Ḥɜ, the desert god) + consonantal. Exs. RII, Luxor 24; 26; unnumbered. Bib. Drioton 1940, 323–324; Boraik 2008, 133.

A296b.1 + O6 ḥw.t-nṯr direct (ḥw.t-enclosure + standing nṯr-figure); also cf. A40↑ + O6. Exs. RII, Luxor unnumbered. KRI II, 613, 1. Bib. Boraik 2008, 133.

32

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

A296f stp object / shape (wɜs-scepter for stp-adze, U21a: Exs. RII, Abu Simbel 10. Bib. Drioton 1940, 316–317 (10).

; see discussion from Bib.).

A296g.1 šps direct (the god Špsj; LGG VII, 67) + consonantal. Exs. SETY, Gurna 16 (damaged). RII, Luxor unnumbered (2 ×). Bib. Drioton 1940, 312–313 (16, restoring a seated figure); Boraik 2008, 133–134; Klotz 2019.

A303 qmɜ Exs. Bib.

direct (king “moving,” Wb V, 33.15). KRI II, 613, 1. Klotz 2019.

A304f nb direct (“lord”). Exs. AOTSB, 89, 2. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 2 (b); Darnell 2004, 26, n. 62; Roberson 2013, 90 (b). A304.1 nb variant A304f↑ Exs. SETY, Protocol A. Bib. see A.304f↑

A310b Ḥrw direct (Horus as human king; see LGG V, 230, New Kingdom, “Menschengestaltig, mit Doppelkrone”). Exs. AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Bib. Étienne-Fart 1994, 134–35, 137; Roberson 2013, 113 (a), 115 (i); Taterka 2015, 75.

A310c ᶜɜ direct (“great one”). Exs. SETY, Protocol C. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 6–7, b.

A Men

33

A311d nb direct (a divine “lord”). Exs. RII, Luxor 28 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1A); unnumbered. Bib. Darnell 2004, 18–19, n. 19; Manassa 2004, 589; Boraik 2008, 135.

A310.1 nb direct (“lord”). Exs. RVI, 3. Bib. Abitz 1989, 92. nb ḫᶜ.w Exs. Bib.

Direct (“lord” + “crowns”). RVI, 6. Abitz 1989, 93.

nb(j) Exs. Bib.

consonantal back-formation (nb↑). RII, Luxor unnumbered. Drioton 1940, 368 (Hibis, 169); Boraik 2008, 134.

A311e.1 ḥqɜ object (ḥqɜ-scepter). Exs. RVI, 13. Bib. Abitz 1989, 93.

A332 + R12 ᶜnḏ.tj direct (metonymy, nome emblem of Busiris). Exs. DAY, 283, 5; 293, 1, 2. Bib. Drioton 1942, 97, n. 1.

A359 j Exs. Bib. jnk Exs. Bib.

direct (indicating self, as first person); cf. A2↑ AOTSB, 65, 5 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×). Roberson 2013, 73 (m), and n. 355. direct (indicating self, as first person). Khaemhat, 5, nrs. 31, 41, 55; 6, nrs. 76, 87; 7, nr. 104; 8, nr. 143. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 46 (contra Drioton: ḥsy). Djehuty H1, 4. Djehuty H2, 1. Drioton 1933a, 27, nr. 11 (acrophony); Espinel 2010, 311 (w), 330.

34

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

wj Exs. Bib.

direct (indicating self, as first person). AOTSB, 65, S1 (2 ×), R6 (2 ×), Sh3 (2 ×), Mt (2 ×). Roberson 2013, 67–68 (d).

A366 j Exs. Bib.

class (A26↑: ). AOTSB, 65, 1. see A26↑

A394 dj ᶜnḫ direct (“giving an ᶜnḫ-hieroglyph”). Exs. Louvre Palette. Bib. Seidlmayer 1991, 320–321.

A434.1 jty direct + phonetic (one jty-“sovereign” jṯ-“conducting” another) Exs. Louvre C65, 29, nr. 18. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 37, nr. 16.

A458 mkj Exs. Bib.

Direct (jmj kɜ, “Give the ka!”) + consonantal. RII, Luxor 6. Drioton 1940, 320–321.

A465.1 + H6 wṯz-mɜᶜ.t direct (“who elevates mɜᶜ.t,” an epithet of Ptah; note that LGG II, 609, 3, cites the present example, with no other parallels relating to Ptah) // alternately, read nb mɜᶜ.t, as a direct representation of a “lord” and “possessor” of mɜᶜ.t. Exs. Frankfurt palette; also cf. nb mɜᶜ.t↓ Bib. Seidlmayer 1991, 320–322 (b)

A471.1 dr-pḏ.t-9 direct (king “smiting”) + synecdoche (part for whole, one enemy for all “nine bows”). Exs. AOTSB, 112, S1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Bib. Étienne-Fart 1994, 136–37; Roberson 2013, 115 (h); Taterka 2015, 76.

B Women B1 nnj Exs. Bib.

shape (A7: ). NUT, § x + 60. Von Lieven 2007, 104, n. 587.

B1d + R19 Wɜs.t direct (metonymy, goddess and emblem of Thebes). Exs. RII, Protocol D. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 9 (h).

B4 ms Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 137.4–17); also see B85↓ Djehuty H2, 4. Espinel 2010, 330.

B5d mw.t Exs. Bib.

direct (“mother”). DAY, 143, 1. Müller-Roth 2008, 149 (12b), 455.

B6 sɜ Exs. Bib.

direct (“son”). AOTSB, 93, 1, 2. Roberson 2013, 94 (a), n. 438

B23.1 nb.t Exs. Bib.

direct (a royal “lady”) Nefertari. Taterka 2015, 79.

B36 nḏ Exs. Bib.

class (A36↑: ). AOTSB, 56, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; 65, 5, 6, 8. NIGHT, 109 (nr. 17), 4, 5, 6. see A36↑

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-003

36

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

B36.1–4 , , , nḏ variants B36↑ Exs. AOTSB↑

B43.1 njsw.t direct (metonymy, goddess of Upper Egypt). Exs. SETY, Protocol B. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 5 (c).

B43.2 njsw.t variant B43.1↑ Exs. RVI, 8. Bib. Abitz 1989, 93, n. 8; also see B43.1↑

B81 bj.tj Exs. Bib.

direct (metonymy, goddess of Lower Egypt); cf. C188.1↓ RVI, 9. Abitz 1989, 93, n. 2.

B85 ms sɜ.tj Exs.

B100 jp Exs. Bib.

logogram, var. B3 / B4↑ + direct (two sɜ.t groups) Medinet Habu (Darnell 2004, 361–362, n. 376, and pl. 34B = Drioton 1934, 197).

direct (“reckon, count”). RII, Luxor 32 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1A). Drioton 1940, 324–325; Darnell 2004, 19 (c).

C Anthropomorphic deities C1 Rᶜ Exs. Bib.

direct (Re). BC, pl. LXXIX, nr. 28 (3) (= WHb, 274, 1); DAY, 128, 3. Müller-Roth 2008, 129 (without comment); also see C2a↓

C1d Rᶜ

variant C1↑

C2a Rᶜ Exs. Bib.

direct (Re). AOTSB, 105, 1. Drioton 1936a, 3 (e); Étienne-Fart 1994, 138; Roberson 2013, 107 (d), 117, n. 553.

C3 Ḏḥwty // direct (Thoth) Exs. MMA Palette, 16, nr. 18 (= Klotz 2019, in Ḏḥwty sr tɜ.wy). Bib. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 28 (reading ḏ only, by acrophony).

C4 bɜ Exs. Bib.

direct (nocturnal solar ba) / visual pun (ba-“ram”). DAY, 283, 7. Drioton 1942, 100, No 135.

C8 k Exs. Bib.

// consonantal (kɜ↓) MMA palette, 15, nr. 8. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 26 (acrophony)

kɜ Exs. Bib.

direct (antonomasia, Kɜ-mw.t=f = “bull” of his mother, LGG VII, 258–260, New Kingdom); cf. C155.1↓ (wr.t) SETY, Protocol B. RII, Abu Simbel 2; Luxor 2; Luxor forecourt east architrave. MMA Palette, 15, nr. 8 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1D). Drioton 1934, 196; Drioton 1940, 316, 320; Darnell 2004, 27 (b); Manassa 2004, 590; Klotz 2014–15, 9; Taterka 2015, 74.

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-004

38

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

C8.1 kɜ

variant C8↑

C8.2 kɜ Exs. Bib.

variant C8↑ AOTSB, see kɜ-nḫt↓ Klotz 2014–15, 9.

kɜ-nḫt

Exs. Bib.

C10a Mɜᶜ.t Exs. Bib.

C11 ḥ Exs. Bib. ḥḥ

C12a tɜ Exs. Bib.

direct (antonomasia, Amun, Min, et al. = “strong bull,” LGG VII, 263–264, New Kingdom); also cf. kɜ↑ AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Étienne-Fart 1994, 135; Roberson 2013, 113–14 (b); Taterka 2015, 75; also cf. C8↑

direct (Ma’at). SETY, Protocols A; C (2 ×). RII, Protocols D; E. AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Drioton 1936a, 3, e; Fairman 1945, 98; Étienne-Fart 1994, 138; Roberson 2013, 117 (l), n. 553; Taterka 2015, 77.

consonantal (ḥḥ, Wb III, 152–53). AOTSB, 65, 1; also cf. A73↑ Fairman 1943, 204, nrs. 7–14, 296; Fairman 1945, 64 (c), 75; Roberson 2013, 69 (f), n. 330; also see A73↑ see A73↑

class (seated / kneeling gods, crowned with double plumes, C18: ) + direct (Tatenen = “earth”). AMD, 356, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9. BC, pl. LXXIII, 3. Werning 2008 132 (7–8), 137; also cf. C18↓ and C101↓

Tɜ-ṯnn class (C18↓); direct (Tatenen). Exs. BC, pl. LXXVI, nr. 8 (1) (= WHb, 244, 2). Bib. see tɜ↑

C Anthropomorphic deities

tn Exs. Bib.

C12g Jmn Exs. Bib.

39

direct (Tatenen, abbrev. ṯnn, Wb V, 227.15); consonantal + phonetic. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 4. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 29.

direct (Amun). RII, Protocol D; Abu Simbel 16; Luxor unnumbered. KRI II, 613, 2. Drioton 1936a, 8 (without comment); Drioton 1940, 319; Fairman 1945, 97 (seated, no throne); Boraik 2008, 133.

Determinative: Nefertem Exs. SETY, Protocol C. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 7, g.

C12i Jmn Exs. Bib.

direct (Amun). RVI, 2. Abitz 1989, 92; also see generally C12g↑

C12i + C12i ḫᶜ-m-Wɜs.t direct (Amun ~ “risen in Thebes”) // note: reading fails to account for paired figures; cf. tj.t Jmn↓ Exs. AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Bib. Étienne-Fart 1994, 136; Roberson 2013, 114 (c); Taterka 2015, 75 (reading first figure as nḫt). // tj.t Jmn // direct (“image” of Amun + Amun himself). Exs. AOTSB↑ Bib. For tj.t Jmn as a variant of the Horus name of Sety I, see Von Beckerath 1999, 149, H21.

C12i.1 Jmn-ḥr-ḫpš=f direct (“Amun wielding khepesh-scimitar”). Exs. RVI, 11. Bib. Abitz 1989, 93.

C12i.2 + A16.1 wḥm-ḫᶜ.w see A16.1↑ + C12i.2.

40

C12L Jmn Exs. Bib.

C17b nḫt Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

direct (Amun). SETY, Gurna 9. Drioton 1940, 311.

direct (antonomasia, Montu = the “strong one,” LGG IV, 312, Greco-Roman); also see C61↓ KRI VI, 16, 1. Montet 1950, 26–27; also see C61↓

C18f Ptḥ-tɜ-ṯnn direct (Ptah-Tatjenen). Exs. Djehuty H2, 8. Bib. Espinel 2010, 318 (z), 330. tɜ Exs. Bib.

C19a wsr Exs. Bib.

Ptḥ Exs. Bib.

C25 wsr Exs. Bib.

direct (metonymy, Tatenen ~ primeval “earth”). BC, pl. LXXIII, 4. Werning 2008 132 (7–8), 137; also cf. C12↑ and C101.1↓

object (wɜs-staff) + class (wsr, F12: ); possibly also consonantal backformation: w(ɜ)s > ws(r). AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Étienne-Fart 1994, 137; Roberson 2013, 115–16 (k); Taterka 2015, 77 (“for unknown reasons”). direct (Ptah). Djehuty H2, 7. Louvre C65, 30, nr. 44. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 27; Espinel 2010, 317 (v), 330.

direct (anthropomorphized wsr-hieroglyph, F12: ) / synecdoche (whole for part, cryptic F78↓: ). RII, Abu Simbel 7; Luxor 12. Drioton 1940, 316 (unnecessary derivation by unattested epithet for Anubis, wsry), 321.

C Anthropomorphic deities

C35 qd Exs. Bib.

C38.1 nb Exs. Bib.

41

direct representation (“fashioning”) / antonomasia (Khnum = “builder,” LGG VII, 227, New Kingdom). RII, Luxor unnumbered. Klotz 2013; Boraik 2008, 134.

direct (antonomasia, Bɜ-nb-Ḏd.t = the ram-headed “lord” of Mendes, LGG II, 683, New Kingdom). DAY, 128, 8 (cf. Determinative↓). Darnell 2004, 19, n. 19.

Determinative: sšmw, “divine image” Exs. DAY, 128, 8 (cf. nb↑). Bib. Müller-Roth 2008, 131 (12a).

C53b Rᶜ Exs. Bib.

direct (Re). SETY, Protocol B; Protocol C. see C2a↑

C58 (or similar) Ḥrw direct (Horus). Exs. SETY, Protocol B. RII, Abu Simbel 1; Luxor 1; Luxor 10; Luxor forecourt east architrave (note: figure holds large ankh = sunjunctive ᶜnḫ Ḥrw, “May Horus live”). Bib. Drioton 1934, 196; Drioton 1936a, 4 (a); Drioton 1940, 316, 320–321; Taterka 2015, 74.

C59c Rᶜ Exs. Bib.

direct (Re). SETY, Protocol B. RII, Abu Simbel 9; Abu Simbel 12; Abu Simbel 14; Luxor unnumbered. RVI, 1; 10. KRI II, 613, 2. Drioton 1940, 316–317; Abitz 1989, 91; Boraik 2008, 133; also see C2a↑

C61 (or similar) pḥ(.ty) direct (Montu ~ the “mighty one”) // Note: reading is secure but pḥ.tj unattested as an epithet prior to Third Intermediate Period and not attested, as such, in conjunction with Montu (for Greco-Roman epithets of Montu that include pḥ.tj as one element, see Klotz 2012a, 159, 161; and cf. also LGG III,

42

Exs. Bib. nḫt Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

100–101for the G.-R. epithet of Horus as pḥ.tj-n-Mnṯw-m-ḫfᶜ=f, “The strength of Montu is in his fist”) // perhaps understand synonymy here, pḥ(.ty) ~ nḫt↓ SETY, Protocol B. Drioton 1936a, 7 (c) direct (antonomasia, Montu = the “strong one,” LGG IV, 312, Greco-Roman); also see C17b↑ SETY, Protocol B. RII, Abu Simbel 15; Luxor 18; Luxor forecourt east architrave; Luxor unnumbered; KRI II, 613, 2. Drioton 1934, 196; Drioton 1936a, 5 (a); Drioton 1940, 317, 322; Boraik 2008, 133; Lurson 2009, 47–48; Taterka 2015, 74.

C65a Ḥrw Exs. Bib.

direct (Horus). Djehuty H2, 1. Espinel 2010, 330.

C70.1 Ḥrw Exs. Bib.

direct + class (falcon-headed deities, Sokar ~ Horus). Djehuty H2, 1. Espinel 2010, 315 (c), 330.

C79 ms Exs. Bib.

direct (solar “child”). RVI, 12. Ostracon CG 25671. Abitz 1989, 93; Sauneron and Yoyotte 1950, 10–11; Morenz 2004, 314.

C80.1 ms(w) direct (Khonsu, the “child”). Exs. KRI II, 613, 2; also cf. C279↓ Bib. see C279↓ ḫ

see A57c↑ + N62.

C91.1 sᶜnḫ-tɜ.wy direct (metonymy, Hapy bearing the Nile bounty that “Causes the Two Lands to Live”). Exs. SETY, Protocol B. AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Bib. Drioton 1936a, 5 (b); Étienne-Fart 1994, 136; Roberson 2013, 114 (d), n. 535; Taterka 2015, 75.

C Anthropomorphic deities

43

C91.2 variant C91.1↑ SETY, Protocol F.

C94 kɜ Exs. Bib.

direct (a kɜ-genius bearing food). Frankfurt palette. Drioton 1936, 28–29 (d); Seidlmayer 1991, 322 (c); also cf. Ventker 2014.

C95.1 sɜ-Rᶜ Exs. Bib.

direct (antonomasia, Onuris = “son of Re,” LGG VI, 86, New Kingdom). SETY, Protocol A. RII, Protocol D. Drioton 1936a, 3 (f)

C95.2 sɜ-Rᶜ

variant C95.1↑

C96.1 sɜ-Rᶜ Exs. Bib.

C98.1 Stẖ Exs. Bib.

C98.2 Stẖ Exs.

direct (antonomasia, Onuris = “son of Re,” LGG VI, 86, New Kingdom); cf. C95.1↑ RII, Abu Simbel 13. RVI, 5. Drioton 1940, 317; Abitz 1989, 93; also see C95.1↑

class (C7: ). AOTSB, 105, 1. SETY, Gurna 3. Drioton 1940, 310; Werning 2011, vol. 1, 17, n. 10; Roberson 2013, 108 (e); also cf. A43a–b↑

variant C98.1↑ SETY, Protocol A.

44

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

C98a + N1 nb p.t direct (“lord” + “sky”). Exs. AOTSB, 101, 2. Bib. Roberson 2013, 101–02 (d).

C98a + N17 nb p.t direct (“lord”) + class (p.t, N1↑: Exs. AOTSB, 101, 1. Bib. see C98a + N1↑

C98e Wsjr Exs. Bib.

); cf. C98a + N1↑

direct (Osiris). SETY, Protocol B. Djehuty H2, 3 (?) Drioton 1938, 6 (h); Espinel 2010, 330.

C101.1 tɜ class (atef crown < Geb crown); direct (metonymy, Geb ~ “earth”). Exs. AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Bib. Étienne-Fart 1994, 137–38; Roberson 2013, 116 (reading: unclear); Klotz 2014 51 and n. 87; Taterka 2015, 77 (“for unknown reasons”); also cf. C12↑ and C18f↑

C102d Ptḥ direct (Ptah). Exs. AOTSB, 105, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). SETY, Protocol A, Protocol C; Gurna 7. Bib. Drioton 1940, 311; Roberson 2013, 108–09 (f).

C102e Ptḥ variant C102d↑

C102e.1 Ptḥ variant C102d↑

C Anthropomorphic deities

C104 š Exs. Bib.

45

direct (Shu) + consonantal (Šw). RII, Luxor 42. Drioton 1940, 327.

C118a.1 wḥm-ms.wt direct (the moon as a periodic deity ~ “repeater of births”) // note: as epithet, associated primarily with Osiris-Apis and the sun god in the New Kingdom (LGG II, 521); for the moon specifically, cf. also Greco-Roman epithet of Khonsu, wḥm-ms.wt-mj-jtn, “repeater of births, like the sun disc” (ibid.) and similar (Klotz 2012a, 92–93, and n. 408). Exs. AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Bib. Drioton 1936a, 13 (f); Étienne-Fart 1994, 136; Roberson 2013, 114 (f), n. 536. For Osiris as the moon, crowned with the crescent and disc, see Griffiths 1976; and Graefe 1979; Taterka 2015, 76 and n. 20; for Osiris as the periodically visible/invisible lunar deity, see Meeks 1991, 8–9.

C128.1 nb direct (“lord”); cf. A23a↑ Exs. RII, Protocol D. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 8 (b); also see A23a↑

C155.1 wr.t direct (antonomasia, Tɜ-wr.t = “the great one,” LGG VII, 331–332, New Kingdom); also see E134.1↓ Exs. Nefertari. Bib. Taterka 2015, 78–79.

C156 (or similar) m direct (Mut) + consonantal (mw.t); also cf. C161.1↓, C196↓) Exs. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 15. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 30. Mw.t Exs. Bib.

direct (Mut); note: second figure, holding wɜs-scepter in extended upper hand. Nefertari. Taterka 2015, 79–80 (see A17↑, nfr, for caveats on T.’s reading).

46 ḥm.t Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

direct (Mut, the “wife” of Amun); note: first figure, holding large sw-sedge in extended upper hand = ḥm.t nj-sw.t) Nefertari. Taterka 2015, 78–79.

C161.1 m antonomasia (Isis = mw.t-nṯr, “mother of the god,” LGG III, 261, New Kingdom) + consonantal (mw.t). Exs. RII, Luxor unnumbered (4 ×). KRI II, 613, 1 (damaged). Bib. Boraik 2008, 133–134.

C165 rw Exs. Bib.

direct (“lioness”) + consonantal (rw.t). RII, Luxor 43. Drioton 1040, 327.

C169.1 Sḫm.t direct (Sekhmet). Exs. Djehuty H2, 9 Bib. Espinel 2010, 330 (“A51A with lion head”).

C175 mɜᶜ.t Exs. Bib.

direct (Ma’at); cf. C10a↑ SETY, Protocol B. RII, Abu Simbel 4, 8; Luxor 4; Luxor forecourt east architrave. RVI, 4. Drioton 1934, 196; Drioton 1940, 316, 320; Taterka 2015, 74; also see C10a↑

C184.1 + C188b nb.tj direct (antonomasia, Nekhbet & Wadjet = the “two ladies”, LGG IV, 173, New Kingdom, “Kronengöttin”) Exs. AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Bib. Étienne-Fart 1994, 136; Roberson 2013, 114 (e); Taterka 2015, 75–76.

C184.2 + C188b + S12 nb.tj direct (as previous↑) + consonantal back-formation (nb.wj, “two nbw-hieroglyphs” > nb.tj) Exs. RII, Luxor 5. Bib. Drioton 1940, 320.

C Anthropomorphic deities

47

C184.3 sṯy direct (Satet) + consonantal (Sṯ.t). Exs. KRI II, 613, 1.

C185 n Exs. Bib.

direct (Neith / red crown) + consonantal (n.t) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 32. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 31.

C188b bj.tj object (crown of Lower Egypt) / direct (metonymy, goddess of Lower Egypt). Exs. SETY, Protocol B. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 5 (c). n Exs. Bib.

C196 m Exs. Bib.

object (cryptic S3↓: ). RII, Abu Simbel 11; Luxor unnumbered (2 ×). Drioton 1940, 317; Boraik 2008, 134.

consonantal + phonetic (Nw.t > n ~ m) / antonomasia (Nut = mw.t, divine “mother” of the deceased, see Schott 1965) + consonantal. RII, Luxor unnumbered (2 ×). KRI II, 613, 1 (2 ×, both damaged). Boraik 2008, 134–135.

C225 ẖnm.t object (ẖnm-vase) / direct + antonomasia (anthropomorphized temple of Ramesses II, ẖnm.t-nḥḥ). Exs. RII, Luxor unnumbered. Bib. Boraik 2008, 133.

C227 + I6 Km.t object (km-crocodile scale) / direct (anthropomorphized Egypt / Kemet). Exs. RII, Luxor 7. Bib. Drioton 1940, 320–321.

48

C228 nbw

Exs. Bib.

C268 Rᶜ Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

direct (antonomasia, Hathor = nbw.t, “golden one,” LGG IV, 180–181, New Kingdom) + consonantal / direct (“lady”) + consonantal (nb.t, Wb II, 232.4– 16/237–239). AOTSB, 112, 1. RII, Luxor 11, 40. Drioton 1940, 321–322, 325–326; Étienne-Fart 1994, 137; Klotz 2012b, 26, n. 45; Roberson 2013, 115 (i); Taterka 2015, 76–77.

direct (Re); variant C2a↑ Semna Statuette, front, 1 (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278). KRI II, 251, 7 (Amara West). See C2a↑

C268a Rᶜ direct (Re); variant C2a↑ Exs. AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). RII, Protocol E. Bib. see C2a↑

C278 Wɜs.t Exs. Bib.

direct (metonymy, emblem & goddess of Thebes). SETY, Gurna 11. Drioton 1940, 312.

C278.1 Wɜs.t direct (metonymy, emblem & goddess of Thebes). Exs. SETY, Protocol B. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 5 (a).

C279 ms(w) direct (Khonsu, as a “child”) // sportive (m-sw, “with the sw-hieroglyph) Exs. RII, Abu Simbel 15, Luxor 18, Luxor unnumbered; also cf. C80.1↑ Bib. Drioton 1940, 317, 322; Boraik 2008, 133.

C284.1 nsw thematic (Thoth ~ jn-sj > jn-sw, “he who brings it,” i.e. the solar eye) + consonantal; also cf. E36↓ Exs. KRI II, 346, 6 (= Kuentz 1971, pl. XXIII). Bib. Drioton 1940, 362 (130, similar spelling from Hibis).

D Parts of the human body D2 jr.t Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (whole for part, D4↓/D12↓: BC, pl. LXII, 8 (= WHb, 236, 19). see D12↓

ḥ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḥr ~ Coptic Ⲟ, Wb III, 125.6 ff.) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 13. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 33 (acrophony, sic.)

sᶜḥ Exs. Bib.

shape (S20↓) AMD, 286, 10. See S20↓

D3 w

Exs.

/ ).

// Hieratic (cryptic G39↓: / cryptic G39.1↓: ); cf. Möller 1927, 7, nr. 81, [D3] vs. ibid., 19, nr. 215, Harris H.M. (et al.): [G39]. // Harris H.M.: consonantal wn(wn)↓ > w(n)? BG, 195, 1, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text G, in sɜɜw=f )

wnwn logogram (Wb I, 318.1–9). Exs. BSOU, pl. 6A, 3. Bib. Darnell 2004, 79–80; Manassa 2004, 590. ḥrj Exs. Bib.

sportive (hair = “that which is above”); cf.↓ AOTSB, 89, 1, 4. Roberson 2013, 90 (d), n. 419.

ḥrj-tp sportive (hair = ḥr.t-tp “that which is above the head,” Wb III, 141.7–8). Exs. BG, 195, 1, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text G). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 25. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 35; Manassa 2006, 124a, n. 99. km Exs. Bib.

shape (I6: ) / class (body covering: human hair, crocodile scale). RII, Luxor unnumbered. Boraik 2008, 135.

D4 mɜ(ɜ) logogram (Wb II, 7). Exs. AMD, 122, 3, 5, 7, 9; 126, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9; 150, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9; 451, 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12. MMA palette, 16, nr. 25. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 36 (acrophony, sic.); Fairman 1945, 98; Werning 2008, 137. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-005

50 r Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

consonantal (jr.t / jrj, Wb I, 106–112) BG, 197, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). DAY, 209, 2. NUT, § 69. Manassa 2006, 132; Müller-Roth 2008, 455; Klotz 2011a, 481.

D4 + D4 ptr logogram (Wb I, 564) // sign doubled on analogy with D12↓ + D12, mɜɜ. Exs. AMD, 351, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. D6 jmj Exs. Bib.

direct (pupil “within” the eye; cf. D12↓: consonantal back-formation (mɜɜ). BC: MLEU, pl. 288A, 6. Manassa 2007, 407 (e), n. 566.

) // class (cryptic D4↑:

r Exs.

). class (cryptic D4↑: BG, 197, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text N).

D7 ᶜn Exs.

class (D6: ) + logogram (Wb I, 190). BG, 195, 1, 2, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text M).

r Exs. Bib. mɜɜ Exs.

class (cryptic D4↑: ). BG, 197, 1, 2, 3 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). Manassa 2006, 112. class (cryptic D4↑: / cryptic D7a↓). DAY, 265, 1, 2.

D7a mɜ(ɜ) logogram (Wb II, 7, since Dyn. 19) / class (cryptic D4↑: Exs. Djehuty H2, 7 (3 ×). Louvre C65, 30, nr. 57 (mɜɜ: ). Bib. Drioton 1933, 38, nr. 37; Espinel 2010, 330.

) +

).

D9 rm(y.t) logogram (Wb II, 417) + consonantal. Exs. AMD, 288, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7. BC, pl. LXXVI, nr. 4 (1, 2) (= WHb, 240, 5). NUT, § 75. Bib. Werning 2008, 126, 138.

D9a rm(y.t) variant D9↑

D Parts of the human body

51

D10 jr.t Exs. Bib.

class (D4: ) + direct (“eye”). AMD, 580, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11. Djehuty H2, 7 (also cf. wɜḏ.t↓). Werning 2008, 138; Espinel 2010, 330.

jr(j) Exs. Bib.

consonantal (jr.t↑). SETY, Gurna 12. Drioton 1940, 312.

ᶜnḫ Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (ᶜnḫ.t, Wb I, 205.5–7). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 54. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 38 (acrophony, sic.).

wḏɜ.t Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 402.3–4). Djehuty H2, 7 (also cf. jr.t↑). Espinel 2010, 330.

mɜᶜ.t Exs. Bib.

// sportive (Ma’at = the “Eye of Re”). Khaemhat, 5, nr. 52. Monuments of Senenmut, Berlin 2296; CG 42114. Drioton 1933a, 38 (reading ᶜ, by acrophony); Drioton 1938, 233–235 (reading ᶜ, by acrophony).

D12 jr(.t) Exs.

Bib.

synecdoche (part for whole, D4: ) + consonantal. AMD, 286, 2, 3, 5, 9; 288, 3, 5, 6; 298, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9; 301, 3, 5, 7; 348, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11; 382, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 12; 432, 2, 3, 4, 6; 536, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9; 537, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9; 539, 2 (3 ×), 5 (3 ×), 9 (3 ×); 558, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10; 565, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11; 570, 3, 4, 5, 7; 632, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10; 656, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8; 659, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9; 686, 1, 3, 5, 8, 9; 689, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9; 695, 1 (2 ×), 2, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5, 6 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×), 9 (2 ×); 709, 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6, 7 (3 ×), 8 (3 ×); 710, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6, 8 (2 ×); 711, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8; 713, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; 716, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; 807, 1, 2, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6; 808, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; and passim. AOTSB, 97, 1 (?), 2, 3 (?). BC, pl. LXII, 1, 2 (= WHb, 236, 17), 9 (= WHb, 236, 19); LXXVII, nr. 12 (2) (= WHb, 246, 3). NIGHT, 83 (nr. 2), 5 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×); 84 (nr. 2), 4 (2 × each, dual); 89, 5, 6 (2 × each, dual); 90, 3, 4, 5 (2 × each, dual); 91, 5, 6 (2 × each, dual); 92, 1, 3, 4, 5 (2 × each, dual). BG, 198, 2, 3, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J); 200 (bottom), 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pls. 13A, 6; 21, 47 (2 ×); 30, 5 (right); 33; 34A, 9. DAY, 356, 4 (2 ×). Djehuty H1, 1 (?); Djehuty H2, 8. Khaemhat, 7, nr. 121. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 39; Drioton 1942, 100, No 42; Fairman 1945, 104; Darnell 2004, 8, n. 29, 139–40, n. 463; Manassa 2004, 590; Manassa 2006, 112, 128, 135 (without comment); Werning 2008, 138; Espinel 2010, 308 (b.3), 330; Roberson 2013, 98 (e), nn. 456–457.

52

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

jtn Exs. Bib.

shape (N5↓: ) + direct/thematic (disc ~ solar eye); also cf. Rᶜ↓ AOTSB, 65, 5, 6, 7, 8; 97, 1, 2, 3; 101, 1, 2. Djehuty H1, 1 (?); Djehuty H2, 8. Fairman 1945, 98; Espinel 2010, 309 (h), 330; Roberson 2013, 74 (p), n. 361.

w Exs. Bib.

shape (Z7↓: ). DAY, 281, 2 (?). Müller-Roth 2008, 286 (3a).

b

Bib.

// logogram + consonantal (bɜbɜ / bb, “cavern; eye socket,” et al., Wb I, 419); also perhaps shape/phonetic (Q3: ; cf. p↓) Khaemhat, 4, nr. 9; 6, nr. 77; 6, nr. 85; 8, nr. 128. MMA Palette, 15, nr. 14; 16, nrs. 35, 42; 17, nr. 62. Drioton 1933a, 38 (acrophony).

bɜ Exs.

consonantal (bɜbɜ, cf. b↑). MMA Palette, 16, nr. 42.

p Exs. Bib.

shape (Q3: ); perhaps also shape/phonetic (b↑) Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 10. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 39 (acrophony)

pᶜ.t Exs. Bib.

shape (X6: ) + logogram (Gardiner 1957, 532) Khaemhat, 7, nr. 106. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 39.

m

synecdoche (part for whole, D4↑: (jmj, “that which is in” the eye). Djehuty H2, 5. Espinel 2010, 316 (r), 330.

Exs.

Exs. Bib.

) + consonantal (< mɜɜ) // sportive

). mɜ(ɜ) synecdoche (part for whole, D4↑: Exs. AMD, 116, 2, 3, 5, 9; also cf. D12↓ + D12. Bib. Werning 2008, 138. mt Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 165). AMD, 435, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11. Hornung 1963, 103 (without comment).

n Exs.

shape (O49: ) + consonantal (njw.t) / shape (W24: ) + consonantal (nw) Djehuty H1, 4 (2 ×), 5. KRI II, 880, 10. Khaemhat, 4, nr. 16; 5, nr. 40; 8, nrs. 134, 138. MMA Palette, 16, nr. 28. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 15, 31, 58; 27, nr. 77; 30, nrs. 56, 59. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 39, 46, nr. 127; Satzinger 1985, 31–32; Espinel 2010, 311 (r), 330.

Bib. nṯr Exs. Bib.

shape (O49: ) + consonantal (< njw.t) + phonetic (nt ~ nṯr); also cf. D12 + D12, nṯ(r)↓ Abydos 2, side B. Effland and Effland 2004, 15 (b), and n. 59.

D Parts of the human body

r Exs. Bib.

Rᶜ Exs.

Bib.

53

) + consonantal (jr.t, Wb I, 106–107) / synecdoche (part for whole, D4↑: shape (cryptic N5↓: ) AMD, 580, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11. BC, pl. 73, 1, 2 (= WHb, 270, 1). BSOU, pl. 24, 10. Djehuty H2, 6. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 10. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 39; Darnell 2004, 8, n. 29, 139–40, n. 463; Werning 2008, 138; Espinel 2010, 317 (t), 330. shape (N5↓: ) / direct (the “sun” disc); also cf. jtn↑ SETY, Protocol C. AMD, 146, 6 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×). AOTSB, 65, 5, 6, 7, 8; 93, 1. BC, pl. LX, II. 1, 2, 4 (= WHb, 236, 11); LXII, 1, 2, 3 (= WHb, 236, 16); LXXVI, nr. 5 (1, 2) (= WHb, 240, 7); LXXVI, nr. 6 (1, 2) (= WHb, 240, 9); LXXVII, nr. 14 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 248, 1); LXXIX, nr. 28 (1, 2, 4) (= WHb, 274, 1); LXXIX, nr. 29 (1, 2, 3, 4) (= WHb, 274, 2); CXLVI, nr. 5 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 380, 4); CXLVIII, nr. 22 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 404, 2). BE, 313/8, a, b. BG, 195, 1, 2, 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text M); 197, 2, 3, 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). NIGHT, 155, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 10, a). Djehuty H1, 1 (?), 5. Khaemhat, 5, nr. 75. Louvre C65, 27, nr. 87. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 39; Fairman 1945, 98; Werning 2008, 145; Espinel 2010, 330; Roberson 2013, 75 (t), and 95 (d).

ḥrj Exs. Bib.

shape (N5↓: ). AMD, 356, 7 (3 ×), 9 (3 ×), 10 (3 ×), 11 (3 ×). see N5↓

ḫ Exs.

Bib.

shape (Aa1↓: ). BG, 197, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text N); 198, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J); 199, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text I); 200 (top), 1, 2, 3, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text O); 200 (bottom), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). NIGHT, 155, 3, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 10, a). Khaemhat, 5, nrs. 64, 72, 73. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 10. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 39; Fairman 1945, 66 (5); Manassa 2006, 127 (a), 132 (a).

s Exs. Bib.

shape (F51↓ / H8↓: / ). AMD, 435, 11; 479, 5. see F51↓ and H8↓

k Exs. Bib.

shape (Aa1↓: ) + phonetic (ḫ ~ k). BSOU, pl. 11, 5. Darnell 2004, 128 (a) and n. 408; Manassa 2004, 590; for ḫ > k already from Dyn. 18 and later, see Quaegebuer 1990, 75, n. 9 (also cf. Quack 2005, 27).

g Exs.

shape (W11↓: NUT, § 97.

) / phonetic (ḫ ~ k↑ ~ g)

54 t/ṯ Exs.

Bib. dmḏ Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

synecdoche (whole for part, X1↓) / phonetic (t ~ ṯ). BG, 193, 2, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 196, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text F). Djehuty H1, 1 (?), 3; Djehuty H2, 3, 6, 9 (3 ×). NIGHT, 154, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 6, d); 155, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 10, d). Khaemhat, 5, nr. 40; 8, nr. 147. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 53. Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 39; Drioton 1942, 100, No 42; Vikentiev 1943, 116–117; Espinel 2010, 330. synecdoche (part for whole, S23: Djehuty H2, 2. Espinel 2010, 315 (j), 330.

).

Determinative: ɜ.t shape (N5: ) Exs. NIGHT, 155, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 7, a). Determinative: ɜw.t shape (X4↓: ) // synecdoche (whole for part, X1↓: ) + class (X4↓). Exs. Djehuty H2, 8. Bib. Espinel 2010, 330. Determinative: Jwnw shape (O49: ). Exs. NIGHT, 155, 1 (= Roberson 2020b, § 9, e).

D12 + D12 (horizontal or vertical) pɜw.tj shape (X6↓: ). Exs. Khaemhat, 7, nr. 106. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 39. mɜɜ Exs.

Bib.

nṯ(r) Exs. Bib.

,

); also cf. D12↑ and H16↓ + H16. synecdoche (part for whole, D4↑: AMD, 349, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10; 351, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10; 441, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12; 451, 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 12; 779, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7; 785, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6; and passim. BSOU, pls. 7A, 1; 10B, 6; 11, 6; 13A, 3; 13B, 13; 14, 8. Khaemhat, 5, nr. 48. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 40; Fairman 1945, 101; Darnell 2004, 8, n. 29; Manassa 2004, 590; Werning 2008, 138; Werning 2011, vol. 1, 183–85, § 110; Roberson 2012, 87–88. common values of D12 (n + t, ṯ)↑ + phonetic (nt ~ nṯr); also cf. D12, nṯr↑ Khaemhat, 5, nr. 40. Drioton 1933a, 38.

D12 + D234 dj class (D37↓: ). Exs. AOTSB, 65, 1, 3. Bib. Roberson 2013, 68 (e).

D Parts of the human body

55

D13 nw Exs. Bib.

shape (U19: ) MMA Palette, 17, nr. 88. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 98.

D18 jdn Exs. Bib.

class (ears, F21: ) Semna Statuette, body, 2R, 2L (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285). Klotz and Brown 2016, 287 (o), n. 130, 301.

D19 ḥ Exs. Bib.

class (D2↑: , ḥ). BC, pl. LXVII, 1 (= WHb, 258, 2) see D2↑

ḫft Exs. Bib.

direct (“what is in front”). BC, pl. CL, nr. 36 (RVI) (= WHb, 418, 7). Werning 2008, 138; also see ḫnt↓ and F63↓

ḫnt Exs. Bib.

direct (“what is in front”); class (F63↓) + logogram (Wb III, 302–303) NUT: § 1 (?). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 1; 27, nr. 74. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 41; Leitz, 2008–2009, 20; cf. Von Lieven 2007, 48, n. 176 (as determinative) and Régen 2015b, 222 (as determinative; hieratic confusion); also see ḫft↑ and F63↓

s Exs. Bib.

// hieratic confusion + consonantal (Aa32: , in stj, Gardiner 1957, 452, 512) Louvre C65, 30, nr. 56. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 41 (acrophony).

sn Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb IV, 153.8–15). Djehuty H1, 3; Djehuty H2, 4 (2 ×), 5 (3 ×), 7. NUT, § 132 (cf. the parallel in § 116). Espinel 2010, 330; Klotz 2011a, 488.

D21 ɜ Exs. Bib.

phonetic (r ~ ɜ). BSOU, pls. 21, 37; 25A, 39 (= 3, left); 28B, II. 3, 6; 30, 5 (right). Darnell 2004, 186, n. 98; Manassa 2004, 591.

j Exs. Bib.

phonetic (r ~ j). BSOU, pl. 28A, 12. Darnell 2004, 62, n. 120; Manassa 2004, 591.

ᶜ Exs. Bib.

); phonetic (r ~ ᶜ). back-formation (D36: BSOU, pl. 30, 6 (right). Darnell 2004, 235–6, n. 270, 265, n. 419; Manassa 2004, 591.

56 w

Exs. Bib. p Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

hieratic (Z7: ); cf. Möller 1927, 8, nr. 91, Gurob, Harris H.M., P. Abbott: , , [D21] vs. ibid., 18, 200B, Lederhs., Ennene: , [Z7]; also cf. , in ibid., 68, nr. LI: , vs. G43: , in ibid., 18, nr. 200, Ennene, Harris H.M.: , . BSOU, pls. 24, 32; 25A, 37, 38 (= 1, 2 left); 30, 4, 5, 6 (right). Darnell 2004, 109, n. 342, 168, n. 24; Manassa 2004, 591. class (D26↓: ). BSOU, pls. 18A (first dome, T1, T3); Ramesses VI passim. BE, 313/8, a, b; 356/44, 4. Darnell 2004, 167, n. 20; Werning 2008, 138; Roberson 2012, 94, n. 228, 97 and n. 253; also see D26↓

f Exs. Bib.

consonantal back-formation (r, “mouth” > r(ɜ), “serpent,” I14↓: BSOU, pl. 18A (first dome, B4). Darnell 2004, 168; Manassa 2004, 591.

m Exs. Bib.

phonetic (n↓ ~ m). BSOU, pls. 24, 30, 31; 25, 40, 47; 28B, 2; 30, 3, 6 (right). Darnell 2004, 217; Manassa 2004, 591.

n Exs. Bib.

) // note: similarity evident mainly in ligatures, cf. Möller hieratic (N35: ] vs. ibid, nr. XXX: , [ ]. 1927, 66, nr. XXIX, Petoere, Harris Th.: , [ BSOU, pls. 18B (1st dome, B4, 2 ×); 21, 10 (2 ×); 24, 12; 25, 44 (= 8 middle). Darnell 2004, 174; Manassa 2004, 592.

sɜ Exs. Bib.

consonantal back-formation (r, “mouth” > r(ɜ), “goose,” G39↓: BSOU, pl. 28B, 3. Darnell 2004, 168, 225; Manassa 2004, 592.

t/d

Bib.

/ V13: / X1: ); cf. Möller 1927, 8, nr. 91, Ennene Hieratic (D46: [D46] / ibid., 47, nr. 528: [V13] / (et al.): [D21] vs. ibid., 10, nr. 115: [X1]. and ibid., 52, nr. 575: AMD, 597, 8, 10. BC, pl. CXLIX, nr. 26 (= WHb, 414, 1). BSOU pls. 24, 31; 25, 40; 30, 3 (right, 2 ×), 6 (right), 4 (left, 3 ×). BE, 356/44, 4. NUT, § 63. Darnell 2004, 61, n. 118; Werning 2008, 138; Roberson 2012, 79, n. 123.

D26 ᶜ Exs. Bib.

shape (Aa3c: / Aa2↓: ). BSOU, pl. 8, 11. Darnell 2004, 97; Manassa 2004, 592.

Exs.

p Exs.

, f ).

, sɜ).

unknown / onomatopoeia + consonantal (*pwj, pɜj)? AOTSB, 89, 1. BC, pls. LX, 1, 2, 5 (= WHb, 236, 11, 15); LXII, 1 (2 ×) (= WHb, 236, 18–19); LXIII, 1 (= WHb, 238, 27); LXIV, 1 (= WHb, 240, 15); LXIX, 1, 2,

57

D Parts of the human body

Bib.

3 (4 × each) (= WHb, 1–2); LXXIII, 3, 4, 5 (2 × each) (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXIV, 8 (= WHb, 276, 4); LXXVI, nr. 3 (= WHb, 240, 3); LXXVIII, nrs. 18 (1) (= WHb, 248, 5), 21 (1) (= WHb, 254, 2); LXXIX, nr. 29 (2, 4) (= WHb, 274, 2); CXLVI, nrs. 2 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 274, 2), 5 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 380, 4); CXLVII, nrs. 8 (1, 2) (= WHb, 386, 2), 9 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 386, 3); CXLIX, nr. 26 (= WHb, 414, 1); MLEU, pl. 288A, 6 (3 ×); 288B (CG), 3; 288C (CG), 2. BE, 303/1, x + 2, x + 3; 304/2, 2, 14, 15, 16; 305/3, 1; 306/4, x + 3, x + 5, x + 6, x + 7; 307/5, 5, 2; 350/ 38, x + 12 (?). BG, 193, 1, 2, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). BSOU, pls. 4B (3 ×), 5B, 4, 18; 5C, 4, 12 (2 ×), 25; 7A, 1 (2 ×); 7B, 1 (4 ×), 3; Tutankhamun, passim; 23, 35, 41; 24, 34; 33 (5 ×). DAY, 128, 10; 142, 5. NUT, § 51; x + 6; x + 64. MLEU, pl. 129A, 2 (2 ×), 129B, 3 (2 ×). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1C). Khaemhat, 5, nrs. 39, 45, 61, 70; 6, nr. 80; 7, nr. 108; 8, nrs. 131, 137. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 43 (acrophony); Fairman 1945, 63, 70, 82–83 (d); Darnell 2004, 42–45; Manassa 2004, 592; Manassa 2007, vol. 1, 143, 406; Werning 2008, 128, 139; Roberson 2012, 97, and n. 254; Roberson 2013, 90 (c).

nt Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (ntt, Wb II, 357.6, Late Period and Greco-Roman). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 31. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 43.

t/ṯ Exs.

consonantal (tf↓). Djehuty H2, 3, 4 (2 ×), 5, 6 (2 ×), 9 (2 ×). Khaemhat, 8, nr. 123. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 9; 27, nr. 83; 30, nr. 57. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 43 (acrophony, sic.); Espinel 2010, 330; for final weak f, see Klotz 2011b, 248, n. 14.

Bib.

tf Exs. Bib.

rebus (Wb V, 297.6–8). BC, pl. LXX, 1, 2, 3 (= WHb, 264, 2). Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 21. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 45. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 43; Werning 2008, 139; Werning 2011, 264 (reconstruction, far right).

D26a variant D26↑ D26b variant D26↑ D35 ᶜ.wy Exs.

// direct (dual ᶜ-arms); class + synecdoche (whole for part, D36↓: BC, pl. LXVII, 2 (= WHb, 258, 2).

).

58 D36 jm Exs.

Bib. m Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

class (D38↓: ). AMD, 347, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11; 349, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10; 375, 1, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8, 9 (2 ×), 11 (2 ×), 12 (2 ×); 376, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11; 378, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12; 381, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12; 433, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11. BSOU, pls. 21, 10, 22; 22b, 3. Darnell 2004, 182; Manassa 2004, 592; Werning 2008, 139. consonantal (jm↑). AMD, 119, 2, 7, 9; 123, 1, 3, 5; 125, 3, 5, 7, 9; 355, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11; 438, 1, 2, 3, 4; NUT, § 69. Darnell 2004, 190, n. 111; Manassa 2004, 592; Werning 2008, 139; Klotz 2011a, 481.

n Exs. Bib.

class (D35↑: ). BSOU, pl. 10A, 4; NUT, § 50; 118. Darnell 2004, 118, n. 374; Manassa 2004, 593; Klotz 2011a, 482.

d/ḏ Exs.

synecdoche (whole for part, D46↓: ). BC, pls. LXII, 2, 3 (= WHb, 236, 18); MLEU, pl. 288A, 6. BG, 193, 1, 2, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 196, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text F); 200 (bottom), 5, 6, 7, 8 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). NUT, § 130. Zeidler 1999, vol. 2, 148.11; Manassa 2006, 112, n. 24; Werning 2008, 139.

Bib. dj Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (whole for part, D46↓: ). BE, 305/3, 3 (?); 313/8, a, b. BSOU, pl. 33, 4 (2 × = dd); NUT, § 111; 157. Louvre C65, 27, nr. 65. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 44; Werning 2008, 139.

D36 + D36 r phonetic (ᶜ.wj ~ r). Exs. NUT, § 116; 120; x + 76; Shadow, 12. Bib. Vikentiev 1943, 119; Darnell 2004, 235–36; Manassa 2004, 593; Von Lieven 2007, 32; Klotz 2011a, 482; von Bomhard 2014, 91 (p).

D36 + D36 var. kɜ class (D28: ). Exs. Louvre C65, 27, nr. 72. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 45. D36 + N29 d class / shape (D37↓: ). Exs. BC, pl. LXII, 1 (= WHb, 236, 18). Bib. see D36↑, d / ḏ.

D Parts of the human body

59

D36 + N36 m consonantal (mr) + non-cryptic determinative Exs. AOTSB, 97, 1, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×). Bib. Roberson 2013, 100, h.

D36 + M12 ḫɜᶜ direct (ḫɜ-plant + ᶜ-arm) Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 10. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 48.

D36 + V17 msw consonantal (m-sɜ); also cf. A114.1↑ Exs. Monuments of Minmose (= Effland and Effland 2004, 11–12, Kryptogramm Brooklyn 16.206). Bib. Effland and Effland 2004, 11–12 (acrophony, sic.); Klotz and Brown 2016, 273–274. For m, see D36↑ D37 ᶜ Exs. Bib.

m Exs.

Bib.

class (D36↑: ). NUT, § 6. cf. Gardiner 1994, 454 (the cryptic class substitution reverses the very common, non-cryptic use of D36 for dj). ) + consonantal (jmj). class (D38↓: AOTSB, 20, 7, 8. DAY, 4 (2 ×). NUT, § 140. Semna statuette, body, 2R (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285). For additional examples from Nineteenth Dynasty temple contexts, see cryptic spellings of M(w).t, cited in Lurson 2017, 227, n. 25; cf. also X8↓ Gardiner 1994, 454 (D37 for jmj); Fairman 1943, 219, nr. 130; Kurth 2009, vol. 1, 174, 63, nn. 328–29; Roberson 2013, 20–21 (b); Klotz and Brown 2016, 273– 274, 301.

t Exs. Bib.

consonantal (dj); phonetic (d ~ t). BG, 193, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). Fairman 1945, 95f; Manassa 2006, 118 (a)–119.

d/ḏ

consonantal (dj) + phonetic (d ~ ḏ) / consonantal (archaizing, ḏj, Wb II, 464). BG, 197, 1, 2, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text N: in wḏt.n=f ). BE, 377, Text 73, 7. NUT, § 130. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 28. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 46; Manassa 2006, 133 (d), n. 123; also see D40↓, ḏw.

Exs. Bib.

60 D38 m Exs.

Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

consonantal (jm, mj). AMD, 123, 9. NUT, § x + 35. Djehuty H1, 2, 3; Djehuty H2, 4, 5, 6, 7 (4 ×). Semna statuette, body, 2L (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285). Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 20. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 47; Espinel 2010, 309 (g), 331; Klotz and Brown 2016, 273–274, 301; also cf. D36↑

n Exs. Bib.

class (D35↑: ). Djehuty H1, 2 (?). Espinel 2010, 331.

r Exs. Bib.

class (D36↑: ); phonetic (ᶜ ~ r). Djehuty H1, 2 (?). Espinel 2010, 331.

d Exs. Bib.

consonantal (rdj↑). Djehuty H1, 2 (2 ×). Espinel 2010, 331.

dj Exs. Bib.

class (D37↑: ). Djehuty H2, 4, 8. Espinel 2010, 309 (g), 331.

D40 jm Exs. Bib.

class (D36↑: ). AMD, 349, 8, 11. see D36↑

ᶜ Exs. Bib.

class (D36↑: ). AMD, 194, 3, 8. NUT, § x + 5. see D41↓

m Exs. Bib.

class (D36↑: ). AMD, 119, 3, 5; 7 (2 ×), 8, 9, 10. see D36↑

ḏ

class (D37↑: ) + consonantal (dj) + phonetic (d ~ ḏ) / consonantal (cryptic ḏw↓). BG, 197, 3, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). Manassa 2006, 133 (d), n. 123.

Exs. Bib. ḏw

Exs. Bib.

shape (N26: ); similarity evident also in hieratic, cf. Möller 1927, 9, nr. 105, Louvre 3226, Lederhs.: , [D40] vs. ibid., 29, nr. 320, Gurob, Nḏm.t: , [N26]; also cf. D37↑, ḏ(w). AMD, 279, 6. BE, 352, Text 41, 10. BSOU, pl. 30, 5 (right). Darnell 2004, 260; Manassa 2004, 593; Roberson 2012, 79–80, n. 127.

D Parts of the human body

D41 ᶜ Exs.

Bib.

n Exs. Bib.

61

class (D36↑: ); also cf. D210↓, D234↓, and D235↓ AMD, 194, 1, 2, 5, 11; 372, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10 (2 ×), 11 (2 ×); 713, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. BC, pl. LXXIV, 8 (2 ×), 9 (= WHb, 276, 4); CXLVI, nr. 3 (1) (= WHb, 374, 1). BSOU, pls. 7B, 3, 4, 7; 11, 28–33 (also cf. t↓); 22A (?). Darnell 2004, 126, n. 402; Manassa 2004, 593; Werning 2008, 140; also cf. D210–235↓ class (D35↑: / cryptic D36↑: ) / logogram (nj “refuse,” Wb II, 201.4– 6) BSOU, pl. 6A, 3. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 42. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 97 (understanding the similarly shaped bird’s leg, H31: ); Darnell 2004, 79, n. 200; Manassa 2004, 593.

d Exs. Bib.

class (D37↑: ). BSOU, pl. 21, 41 (in: mdw=sn). Darnell 2004, 185–186 (without comment).

t Exs. Bib.

class (D37↑: ) + phonetic (dj > t). BSOU, pls. 11, 28–33 (6 ×; also cf. ᶜ↑). Darnell 2004, 126, n. 403; Manassa 2004, 593.

D43 ḫw Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb III, 244–245). Djehuty H2, 4 (2 ×). Espinel 2010, 331.

D45 ᶜ Exs. Bib.

class (D36↑: ). AOTSB, 101, 2. Roberson 2013, 103–04, o; also cf. D210–235↓

Determinative: jmnt.t shape (N26: ↓) + class (N25: ↓) / synonymy (ḏsr.t ~ jmnt.t, “necropolis”; Wb V, 616.1–4, and Wb I, 87.7). Exs. NIGHT, 4, 5 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, f). D46 wdj Exs. Bib.

consonantal back-formation (> (w)d(j), “place, put”) // cf. also non-cryptic spellings in Wb I, 384–385. Djehuty H2, 1. Espinel 2010, 331.

62 t

Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

phonetic (d ~ t) / hieratic (V13: / X1: ); cf. Möller 1927, 8, nr. 91, Ennene (et al.), 10, nr. 115: [D46] vs. ibid., 47, nr. 528: [V13] / and ibid., 52, nr. 575: [X1]. AMD, 435, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11; 442, 3, 5, 6, 11, 12. BC, pl. LXXIX, nr. 29 (2, 4) (= WHb, 274, 2: reading d); CXLVII, nr. 8 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 386, 2: reading d). Fairman 1945, 78; also cf. Werning 2004, 188–89 (reading d); and Werning 2008, 140 (reading d).

dj Exs. Bib.

). class / part for whole (D37↑: Djehuty H2, 1 (?). Semna Statuette, front, 2 (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278). Espinel 2010, 331; Klotz and Brown 2016, 301 (ḏj).

ḏ Exs. Bib.

phonetic (d ~ ḏ). Djehuty H2, 5. Khaemhat, 6, nr. 96. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 42. Semna Statuette. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 49; Espinel 2010, 331.

D49 m Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (ɜmm, Wb I, 10–11). Djehuty H1, 1, 5; Djehuty H2, 2, 5. Khaemhat, 4, nr. 6; 5, nr. 36; 7, nr. 111. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 30. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 8, 17; 28, nr. 530, nr. 48. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 50 (acrophony, sic.); Espinel 2010, 331.

ḏ Exs. Bib.

) + phonetic (d ~ ḏ). class (D46↑: Djehuty H2, 1 (2 ×). Espinel 2010, 315 (a, f: “from ḏr.t, ‘hand’”).

D51 + D51 ṯn see T14↓ + T14 D52 mt Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 167–168). BC, pl. LXVII, 4, 6 (= WHb, 258, 3); LXVIII, 4, 5 (= WHb, 262, 4); CXXVII, 8 (= WHb, 398, 20). BSOU, pl. 34A, 10. Werning 2008, 140.

t Exs. Bib.

logogram (ṯɜy, Wb V, 344–345) + consonantal + phonetic (ṯ ~ t). Djehuty H2, 5. Khaemhat, 8, nr. 146 (read: tɜ). Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 51; Espinel 2010, 331.

ṯ Exs. Bib.

logogram (ṯɜy, Wb V, 344–345) + consonantal. RII, Luxor unnumbered. Boraik 2008, 134.

D53 variant D52↑

D Parts of the human body

63

D54 ᶜp Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 179.7–15). AMD, 435, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11. Werning 2008, 140.

ᶜq Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 230–31). AMD, 110, 3, 5, 7; 435, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11. Werning 2008, 140,

nᶜ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 206.7–21). AMD, 374, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12. Werning 2008, 140.

šm Exs. Bib.

). synecdoche (part for whole, N40: AMD 355, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 (2 ×), 11; 357, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12; 378, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12. Werning 2008, 140,

q Exs. Bib.

shape (N29↓: ); consonantal (ᶜq↑). BSOU, pl. 5A, 2. Darnell 2004, 56, n. 99; Manassa 2004, 593.

D55 ᶜnn Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 188–89). BC, pl. LXXVIII, nr. 22 (= WHb, 254, 3). Djehuty H2, 8. Werning 2008, 140; Espinel 2010, 331.

D58 kbn / kpn class (human/animal feet, F118a: Exs. DAY, 293, 3. Bib. Müller-Roth 2008, 294 (2d), 455.

).

Determinative: sšm class/part for whole (D54↑: Exs. DAY, 209, 1. Bib. Müller-Roth 2006, 455.

D60 wp Exs. Bib.

).

// in wpš: consonantal + phonetic (wᶜb). DAY, 282, 8. Note: cryptic value unnecessary. Read in context as wᶜb (thus, also W54↓); also see comments for O42↓ Drioton 1942, 98, No 124A (reading w, by acrophony < wᶜb); Müller-Roth 2008, 288 (10b), 456 (acrophony).

64

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

D138 rs Exs. Bib.

class (D4: ) + logogram (Wb II, 449.8 ff.). Semna Statuette, body, 1R, 1L (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285). Klotz and Brown 2016, 285 (n), 302.

D140 mɜɜ Exs. Bib.

direct (“seeing”); cf. D12 + D12↑ and H16 + H16↓ Djehuty H1, 1; Djehuty H2, 7. Fairman 1945, 98; Morenz 2008, 170–71; Espinel 2010, 308 (c), 330.

D153 r Exs. Bib.

class (D21: ). KRI II, 613, 1 (damaged). Khaemhat, 7, nr. 114. Drioton 1933a, 39, nr. 42; also see D21↑.

D200 jnk Exs. Bib.

class (D32: ) + logogram (Wb I, 100.22) + phonetic (jnq ~ jnk). Djehuty H2, 4. Espinel 2010, 331.

D210 ᶜ Exs. Bib.

class (D36: ) / variant, cryptic D41↑: AOTSB, 97, 1 (2 ×, for dual ᶜ.wj) Roberson 2013, 100 (i).

b Exs. Bib.

class / shape (D58: ). BC: MLEU, pl. 288A, 6 (= WHb, 236, 18). Werning 2008, 139.

D234 ᶜ Exs. Bib.

class (D36: ) / variant, cryptic D41↑: , ᶜ. AOTSB, 97, 3; 101, 3; 110, 1 (2 ×, for dual ᶜ.wj). Werning 2008, 139–140; Roberson 2013, 100 (i), 104 (p).

dj Exs. Bib.

class / synecdoche (part for whole, D37↑: AOTSB, 65, 4. Roberson 2013, 68 (e).

Determinative: nḥm ). class (D40↑: Exs. AOTSB, 65, 2. Bib. Roberson 2013, 69 (f)

, ᶜ.

).

D Parts of the human body

D234 + D12 dj see D12+D234↑ D234 + W10 bɜ ? object (W10↓: ). Exs. AOTSB, 101, 3. Bib. Roberson 2013, 104 (p); also see W10↓ D234.1 variant D234↑ D235 ᶜ Exs. Bib.

class (D36↑: ) / variant, cryptic D41↑: , ᶜ. AOTSB, 97, 2 (2 ×, for dual ᶜ.wj). Werning 2008, 139–140; Roberson 2013, 100 (i).

n Exs. Bib.

class / synecdoche (part for whole, D35↑: DAY, 142, 8. Müller-Roth 2008, 147 (7g), 456 (212a).

D280a k logogram + consonantal (kɜ.t, Wb V, 93.12–14) Exs. MMA Palette, 17, nr. 59. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 53.

).

65

E Mammals E1 nb.t Exs. Bib.

metonymy (sacred animal of a bovine goddess, as “mistress; lady”). Abydos 1, 2 (= Lurson 2017, 227; cf. dn↓); // Nefertari (paired with M15↓ + 137, writing nb.t tɜ.wy; also cf. ḥnw.t↓) Lurson 2017, 228–229 (g).

šfy Exs. Bib.

class (E10↓: ) + whole for part (F7↓: DAY, 293, 2 (2 ×). Müller-Roth 2008, 294 (1b–c), 456.

kɜ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb V, 94–96). AOTSB, 97, 1, 2, 3; 110, 2. Roberson 2013, 99 (f).

).

ḥnw.t synonymy ~ nb.t↑ Exs. Nefertari (paired with M15↓ + 137, writing ḥnw.t šmᶜ mḥw; also cf. nb.t↑). Bib. Taterka 2015, 79 (epithet of Hathor, no citation). tnt Exs. Bib.

logogram + phonetic + consonantal (ṯnw.t, Wb V, 379.16). Louvre C65, 30, nr. 62. Drioton 1933, 40, nr. 55; also cf. dn↓

dn Exs. Bib.

logogram + phonetic + consonantal (ṯwn, Wb V, 359–11–12). Abydos 1, 2 (= Klotz 2012b, 24; cf. nb.t↑). Klotz 2012b, 24–25 (h).

E2 sm Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (smɜ, Wb IV, 124). Khaemhat, 7, nr. 105. Drioton 1933a, 40.

k Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (kɜ, Wb V, 94). Djehuty H1, 2. Fairman 1945, 62 (i), 78; Espinel 2010, 209 (k), 331.

E3 + N24 + R56 km-wr class (bovines on nome standard, E199: Exs. Djehuty H2, 6. Bib. Espinel 2010, 332. E9 jw Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 47.12). AOTSB, 97, 1, 2, 3. Roberson 2013, 98 (d).

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-006

).

68

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

[E9.1?] variant E9↑

E10 šfy Exs. Bib.

whole for part (F7↓: ). DAY, 293, 1 (2 ×). Müller-Roth 2008, 294 (1b–c), 456.

E10 + R7 b consonantal (bɜ) Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 20. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 56 (acrophony, sic.). E12 r Exs. Bib.

consonantal (rrj, Wb II, 438.7) Louvre C65, 29, nr. 14. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 57.

š Exs. Bib.

consonantal (šɜj, Wb IV, 405.7–9). NUT, § 139; 142. Darnell 2004, 32; Manassa 2004, 594; Klotz 2011a, 482.

E13 f

Bib.

thematic (metonymy, solar cat that kills the enemy snake < enemy snake ~ ; also cf. ḫft↓ I9↓: Abydos 1, 1 (= Klotz 2012b, 24, d; cf. m↓). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1B). Darnell 2004, 23; Manassa 2004, 594; Klotz 2012b, 24 (d).

m Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (mjw, mj.t, Wb II, 42.1–7); also cf. E90↓ Djehuty H2, 6. Abydos 1, 1 (= Lurson 2017, 227–228, d; cf. f↑) Espinel 2010, 317 (t), 331.

ḫft Exs. Bib.

thematic (metonymy, solar cat that kills the enemy snake > enemy snake = the “enemy” of Re); also cf. f↑ Djehuty H2, 4. Espinel 2010, 331.

tf Exs. Bib.

direct (Tefnut as a seated feline) + consonantal (tfn.t) Louvre C65, 27, nr. 76; 28, nr. 5; 30, nr. 61. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 63.

Exs.

E Mammals

69

E15 ḥrj-sštɜ Exs. Bib.

E17 jɜb Exs. Bib.

direct (antonomasia, Anubis = “master of secrets,” see DuQuesne 1998). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 21. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 59.

thematic (jackal-souls of the west, writing “east” in allusion to the perpetuum mobile of the solar cycle). NUT, § 111, 127. Djehuty H1, 1. Darnell 2004, 32, n. 86; Manassa 2004, 594; Espinel 2010, 309 (f), 331; cf. also Wb I, 31.7 (Greco-Roman).

s Exs. Bib.

consonantal (sɜ↓) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 57. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 58 (acrophony, sic.)

sɜ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (sɜb↓); possible synecdoche (part for whole, E17↓ + H8). Multiple occurrences cited in Van Walsem 1984, types a and c. Van Walsem 1984 (“acrophony”); for final b as a weak consonant, see Klotz 2012b, 28–29.

sɜb Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb III, 420.5–13). NIGHT, 153, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, k). Drioton 1942, 107, No 77 (reading sṯɜ↓); Roberson 2017b, nn. 70–73.

sb

see E228↓

sš Exs. Bib.

// logogram + consonantal (sštɜ, Wb IV, 298–299). Louvre C65, 30, nr. 59. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 58 (acrophony).

sṯɜ

see E228↓

E17 + H8 sɜ object (H8↓ with conventional value sɜ); possibly reinforced by E17↑ ideographic value as sɜ(b). Exs. TT32 (multiple occurrences). Multiple occurrences in Van Walsem 1984, types b, d, e, f. Bib. Van Walsem 1984 (“acrophony” < sɜb); Gardiner 1994, 474 (H8 in “Hieratic contraction” for G39, with the value sɜ); Fábián 1998–99, 29–30, §I; for final b as a weak consonant, see Klotz 2012b, 28–29.

E17.1 sɜb

variant E17↑

70

E18.1 sɜb Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

direct (a “jackal” image). NIGHT, 154, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 2, a); also cf. wp(.w) wɜ.wt↓ Roberson 2020b, nn. 79–80.

wp(.w) wɜ.wt rebus < logogram (Wepwawet, Wb I, 304). Exs. NIGHT, 154, 1, 2 (see sɜb↑) Bib. Roberson 2020b, n. 78.

E22 + N5 m ẖrt hrw logogram, consonantal (m < mɜj, “lion,” Wb II, 11.14–19) + logogram (hrw, “day,” Wb II, 498–500) + sportive (m “under” hrw). Exs. Cairo stela TR 30/10/17/8, 6 (= Selim 2003, 256, r). // Possibly also MMA Palette, 24, 75, for which cf. E23↓ + N5. Bib. Selim 2003, 256 (r), and n. 14; cf. the similarly constructed, sportive writing of m-ẖnw (Sethe 1924) and, from the Ptolemaic Period, mɜ(ᶜ)-ḫrw (Devauchelle 2008, 109, n. 20). E23 w Exs. Bib.

phonetic (r ~ w). NIGHT, cf. r↓ Drioton 1942, 93, 107, No 109 (acrophony < rw); Darnell 2004, 95, n. 270; Manassa 2004, 594.

m Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (mɜj, Wb II, 11.14–19) Louvre C65, 29, nr. 38. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 61.

nb

see E23↓ + N5.

r Exs.

consonantal (rw, Wb II, 403). BE, 304/2, 1; 307/5, 1, 7. NIGHT, 155, 2 (= Roberson 2017b, § 9, d; also cf. w↑). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 2; 7, nr. 112. Louvre C5, 29, nr. 38. RII, Luxor unnumbered. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 61 (acrophony, sic.); Fairman 1945, 62 (i), 74; Boraik 2008, 134.

Bib.

E23 + N5 rᶜ-nb direct (rᶜ, the “sun” + a royal lion, as “lord,” for which cf. Greco-Roman spellings, e.g. Wb II, 227); // alternately, see also E22↑ + N5, m ẖrt hrw Exs. MMA palette, 16, nr. 24; 17, nr. 75. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 62.

E Mammals

E23a pẖr Exs. Bib.

direct (the lioness, Pekhat) + consonantal + phonetic (Pḫɜ.t ~ pẖr). RII, Luxor unnumbered. Boraik 2008, 135; Klotz 2019.

E24 b Exs. Bib.

// logogram (ɜby, Wb I, 7.11–14) + consonantal Louvre C65, 29, nr. 33. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 64 (acrophony).

E25 ḫp Exs. Bib.

consonantal + phonetic (ḫɜb, Wb III, 229). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 2. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 65.

E31 s

71

Exs. Bib.

// class (E10: , goat for sheep) + logogram + consonantal (sr / sj, Wb III, 462.7–13) Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 21. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 41. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 67 (acrophony).

E32 j Exs. Bib.

thematic (metonymy, baboon = Thoth + antonomasia, Thoth = j, Wb I, 25.6). AOTSB, 56, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (also cf. t↓). Fairman 1943, 222–223, nrs. 154 and 156, 256–257; Roberson 2013, 59–60 (d).

jᶜn / bntj logogram (Wb I, 41.6–8 / 464.9–12). Exs. DAY, 128, 6; 211, 1, 2, 3. Bib. Müller-Roth 2008, 131 (9c), 211 (4b). k Exs. Bib.

logogram (kjw, Wb V, 110.4) + consonantal Louvre C65, 28, nr. 4; 29, nr. 42. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 68.

t Exs. Bib.

thematic (metonymy + antonomasia, baboon = Thoth = djw, “five,” Wb V, 420.12) + consonantal + phonetic (d ~ t). AOTSB, 56, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (also cf. see j↑). NIGHT, 109 (nr. 17), 1, 4, 5, 6. Roberson 2013, 59 (d); Fairman 1943, 257–263.

E34.1 ᶜwt Exs. Bib.

class (jumping mammals, E3a: Djehuty H1, 1 (?) Espinel 2010, 331.

) + logogram (Wb I, 170.7–16).

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Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

Determinative: tfj (?) direct (“jumping”). Exs. Djehuty H1, 1 (?). Bib. Espinel 2010, 308 (b.2), 331.

E35 jry

Exs. Bib.

antonomasia (seated ape as jry-“warden” in the Book of the Dead, e.g. spell 125, 126) // epithet and resulting derivation are questionable; consider value with caution // Louvre C65, 26, nr. 49; 28, nr. 10. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 69, n. 2.

Ḏḥwty direct (Thoth); cf. E51↓ Exs. Many (see references in Bib.). Bib. Sauneron and Yoyotte 1950.

E36 nsw Exs. Bib.

thematic (Thoth = jn-sj > jn-sw, “he who brings it,” i.e. the solar eye) + consonantal; also cf. C284.1↑ KRI II, 607, 9. see C284.1↑

E51 Ḏḥwty direct (Thoth); cf. E35↑ Exs. Semna statuette, body, 2R, 2L (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285). Bib. Klotz and Brown 2016, 273–274, n. 33, 302.

E54 sš Exs. Bib.

E82.1 ḥty Exs. Bib.

direct (Thoth as “scribe”). Semna statuette, pillar right side (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 281). Klotz and Brown 2016, 282–293, 302 (zẖɜw).

direct + phonetic (ḥṯ.t, Wb III, 203.16–17) /synecdoche (whole for part, F80: ). MMA palette, 15, nr. 2 (in the name Ḏḥwty). Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 71.

E Mammals

E83 ᶜ (?) Exs. Bib.

Consonantal (ᶜmᶜmw, Wb I, 186.10–11). Djehuty H2, 2 (?). Espinel 2010, 315–16 (l), 331 (“acrophony,” sic.).

E83.1 nb Exs. Bib.

class (recumbent mammals, E23↑: AOTSB, 92, 1. Roberson 2013, 92–93 (a).

E90 m Exs. Bib. E130 ḥ Exs. Bib.

73

).

logogram (mjw, mj.t, Wb II, 42.1–7; alternately, from mɜj, “lion,” Wb II, 11.14–19) + consonantal; also cf. E13↑ RII, Luxor unnumbered. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 23. Drioton 1933a, 40, nr. 60 (mɜj); Boraik 2008, 134.

unknown // onomatopoeia from the faint sounds of mice? AOTSB, 101, 1. Khaemhat, 5, nr. 66. MMA palette, 15, nr. 3 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1D), 10, 62. Drioton 1933a, 41 (acrophony), 15, 17–18, 41; Manassa 2004, 594 (as E263↓); Roberson, 2013, 102 (f), and n. 479.

E134a s object (sɜ-amulet) + consonantal Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 2. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 66.

E134.1 wr direct (antonomasia, Tɜ-wr.t = “the great one,” LGG VII, 331–332, New Kingdom) + consonantal (wr.t); also see C155.1↑ Exs. RII, Luxor unnumbered. Bib. Boraik 2008, 134.

E151a nb Exs. Bib.

direct (royal/divine sphinx as “lord”) / class (cryptic E23↑, recumbent lions) Louvre C65, 29, nr. 29. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 133.

74

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

E181 + R17a Wsjr-Ḫntj-jmn.tjw direct (metonymy, emblems of the god). Exs. RII, Protocol E. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 11 (i).

E228 sṯɜ.w wjɜ n Rᶜ direct (“those who haul the barque of Re”). Exs. NIGHT, 152, 4, 5 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, h–i). Bib. Drioton 1942, 90, 102–103, No 75 (reading sbj.w wjɜ n Rᶜ); Roberson 2020b, nn. 54–60. E231 tkm Exs. Bib.

class (C24: / A318: ) + direct (the god tkmy). BSOU, pl. 27 (bottom). Darnell 2004, 230; Manassa 2004, 594. For the standing, jackal-headed deity, see Hornung and Abt 2014, 140–141, second guardian.

E263 ᶜ

variant E83↑

ḥ

variant E130↑

F Parts of Mammals F3 ɜ.t Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 1.12–21). NIGHT, 154, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 7, a). Gardiner 1994, 461; Roberson 2020b, n. 156.

jɜ.t Exs. Bib.

// rebus + consonantal back-formation < ɜ.t↑ Khaemhat, 7, nr. 100. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 74 (reading y, by acrophony)

ḥɜ.t Exs. Bib.

class (F4↓). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 29. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 74.

F4 ɜ.t Exs. Bib.

class (F3↑: , heads of mammals). DAY, 405, 10. Müller-Roth 2008, 408–09, nr. 479.

F7 ḥɜ.t Exs. Bib.

class (F4: , heads of mammals). Louvre C65, 29, nr. 21. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 75.

tp Exs. Bib.

class (D1: ). BC, pl. LXXIX, nrs. 28 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 274, 1), 30 (1, 3) (= WHb, 274, 3). Werning 2008, 132 (6), 140 (reading dp).

F8 tp Exs. Bib.

class / whole for part (F7↑: ). BC, pl. LXXIX, nr. 30 (2) (= WHb, 274, 3). see F7↑

F12 ɜḫ Exs. Bib.

class (S42↓: ) / synonymy (wsr, “powerful” ~ ɜḫ, “effective”). AMD, 118, 2. see S42↓

F13 ᶜb Exs. Bib.

direct (“horns,” Wb I, 173.12–16); synecdoche (whole for part, F16↓: BG, 199, 1, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text I). Manassa 2006, 127 (a).

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-007

).

76 ẖr Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

shape (V102↓: ). AMD, 560, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10; 561, 5 (3 ×), 6 (3 ×), 8 (3 ×), 9 (3 ×), 10. Werning 2008, 150.

F16 + F16 wp class (F13↑: ). Exs. BE, 188/Tawosret, 1; 189/Ramesses III, 1. MMA Palette, 15, nr. 3 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1D); 17, nr. 71. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 78; Drioton 1942, 100, No 39; Darnell 2004, 26 (a); Manassa 2004, 594.

F16 + Z11a smd.t shape (N13: ) Exs. Abydos 1, 1, 2. Bib. Klotz 2012b, 24 (e). F18 ḥ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḥw) / adapted from LE group writing Khaemhat, 5, nrs. 43, 56. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 24. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 79; Gardiner 1957, 463.

F18 + F18 wnn shape (cursive adaptation from ). Exs. BSOU, pl. 13A, 2. Bib. Quack 2005, 28; also cf. Darnell 2004, 141 (reading with conventional group-writing value, as ḥḥ, for which see Gardiner 1994, 463).

F20 mr Exs. Bib.

sportive (jmj-r, “one who is in the mouth”) + consonantal. Khaemhat, 6, nr. 94. Gardiner 1994, 62, § 79, n. 3.

ḏ Exs. Bib.

). shape (I10↓: AOTSB, 65, 5, 6, 7. Roberson 2013, 74 (q).

F21 ᶜ Exs. Bib.

// synonymy (ᶜ.t, part of an animal’s body, Wb I, 160.21–22) + consonantal. Note: derivation probably unnecessary; see F43↓ MMA Palette, 17, nr. 62 (see F43↓). Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 81 (acrophony).

F Parts of Mammals

F23 ᶜɜ Exs. Bib.

77

shape (O29: ) // class (limbs, D36: ) + consonantal back-formation > ᶜ(ɜ). NIGHT, 155, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 9, c). Drioton 1942, 100, No 117 (reading ᶜ); Roberson 2017b, nn. 182–185.

F26 (j)m(j) synonymy (ẖnw, “interior” ~ jmj, “who is in”). Exs. AMD, 382, 3, 5, 7, 11, 12; 394, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 811, 12. BC, pls. LXII, 1, 2, 3 (= WHb, 236, 17); LXXVI, nr. 6 (1, 2) (= WHb, 240, 9). BG, 193, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 197, 1, 2, 3, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text L). BSOU, pls. 5B, 7; 5C, 6. DAY, 128, 8. Bib. Drioton 1942, 110–11, § 13; Darnell 2004, 64, n. 133; Manassa 2004, 595; Müller-Roth 2008, 131 (13b); Werning 2008, 141. ẖ Exs. Bib.

F27 (j)m Exs. Bib.

class / synecdoche (whole for part, F32: BG, 196, 1, 2, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text H). Manassa 2006, 112, 125 (b).

).

synecdoche (part for whole) / class (cryptic F26↑: ). BC: MLEU, pl. 288A, 5 (also cf. ideogram↓). BSOU, pl. 18A (right, beneath dome; thus Quack 2005, 29; cf. k↓), 22A (right of scarab, 3). Darnell 2004, 64–65, 68–69, 109, n. 342, 193, n. 123; Manassa 2004, 595; Manassa 2007, vol. 1, 407 (d).

nm Exs. Bib.

logogram (jnm, Wb I, 96.14–20) + consonantal. Djehuty H1, 2 (?); also cf. sɜb↓ Espinel 2010, 332.

sɜb Exs. Bib.

class (F28↓: ) + logogram (Wb IV.17.13–15). Djehuty H1, 2 (?); also cf. nm↑ Espinel 2010, 309 (h), 332.

ẖ.t Exs. Bib.

shape / class (animal parts, F32: AMD, 356, 9 (3 ×), 11 (3 ×). see ẖ.t, F51↓

k Exs.

). part for whole (E1↑: AMD, 446, 1, 6, 8; 447, 5, 6, 8, 11. AOTSB, 92; 97, 1 (2 ×), 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×); 110, 1, 2. BC, pl. III, 7 (2 ×) (= WHb, 6, 11); LXIX, 1, 2, 3 (2 × each) (= WHb, 264, 1); LXXIII, 3, 4, 5 (2 × each) (= WHb, 270, 1). BE, 303/1, x + 3; 305/3, 1; 353/

).

78

Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

42, x + 17. BG, 197, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text N). BSOU, pls. 10B, 5; 13B, 12; 17A (3 ×); 18A (right, beneath dome; also cf. (j)m↑); 21, 9 (2 ×), 21 (2 ×), 46 (2 ×); 22C, 17, 22; 23, 30; Ramesses VI and IX passim. MMA Palette, 15, nrs. 1, 5 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1D); 16, nrs. 17, 32, 37, 42, 50; 17, nrs. 51, 53, 66. Khaemhat, 4, nr. 11; 5, nr. 58; 7, nr. 98. Djehuty H1, 2 (2 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4 (4 ×); Djehuty H2, 1 (2 ×), 2 (6 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4 (4 ×), 5 (4 ×), 6 (3 ×), 7, 8 (5 ×), 9 (4 ×). Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 82 (acrophony); Darnell 2004, 68, d, and n. 146; Manassa 2004, 595; Manassa 2006, 112; Werning 2008, 141; Werning 2011, vol. 1, 105, § 9; Espinel 2010, 332; Roberson 2012, 97 and n. 255; Roberson 2013, 93, b, n. 436.

Ideogram: [cryptic text] Exs. BC, pl. LX, 5 (= WHb, 236, 15); LXI, 4 (= WHb, 238, 26); LXVII, 1, 3 (= WHb, 258, 3); LXVIII, 4, 5 (= WHb, 262, 4); LXXI, 5, 6 (= WHb, 266, 3); CXXVII, 6, 7 (= WHb, 298, 20). Also cf. jm↑ Bib. Werning 2008, 133–34; Werning 2011, 475; also cf. jm↑, with arguments contra Werning in Quack 2015, 301. F27.1 variant F27↑

F28 variant F27↑ F28.1 variant F27↑

F30 n Exs. Bib.

shape (V23a↓: ). BG, 193, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); also see V23a↓ see V23a↓

F34 p Exs. Bib.

consonantal (jb) + phonetic (b ~ p). BG, 193, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). Fairman 1945, 63 (iii), 65 (b), 70, 83–85 (e).

n Exs. Bib.

shape (W24: ); also cf. W7↓ and W22↓ Semna Statuette, body, 2R (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285) Klotz and Brown 2016, 287 (o), n. 131, 302.

F Parts of Mammals

t Exs.

79

// shape (X2↓: ). BG, 198, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text J).

Determinative: bj.tj // rebus (bj.t, “honey,” Wb I, 434.6–11) + shape (W22 , W32: , or similar) Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 20. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 84 (reading j/y by acrophony from jb).

F34 + A26 f(ɜj) see A26↑ + F34.

F35 jb Exs. Bib.

shape (F34 + Z1: ) + class (mammal organs) Louvre C65, 30, nr. 50. Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 85.

F39a sḫm Exs. Bib.

shape (M20: , sḫ.t + M21: Djehuty H2, 6 (?). Espinel 2010, 317 (s), 332.

F41 šᶜ.t Exs.

// logogram (Wb IV, 416–417). BG, 200 (bottom), 5, 6, 7, 8 (= Manassa 2006, Text P).

F42 ᶜ.t

see F42↓ + F43 + F44.

, sm).

F42 + F43 + F44 ᶜ.wt logogram (Wb I, 160.15–23, cf. OK determinatives). Exs. Djehuty H2, 2. Bib. Espinel 2010, 332. F43 ᶜ Exs. Bib.

ᶜ.t

// consonantal (ᶜ.t↓). MMA palette, 17, nr. 62. Drioton 1933a, 41 (understanding F21↑: from ᶜnḫ, “ear”). see F42↑ + F43 + F44.

and reading ᶜ, by acrophony

80

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

F44 ᶜ.t

see F42↑ + F43 + F44.

m Exs. Bib.

class (F51↓: ). BSOU, pls. 21, 37; 22B, 4; 24, 12. Darnell 2004, 196–97, 214; Manassa 2004, 595.

k Exs. Bib.

class (F51↓: ). BSOU, pl. 22B, 4. Darnell 2004, 196–97; Manassa 2004, 595.

F46 pr Exs. Bib.

shape (I24↓: ). AOTSB, 65, 6. Roberson 2013, 70–71 (i), n. 341.

Determinative: wɜj.w shape (V1↓: ). Exs. DAY, 282, 9. Bib. Müller-Roth 2008, 456. F51 j Exs. Bib. jwf Exs.

// phonetic (ᶜ↓) Louvre C65, 27, nr. 70; 28, nrs. 4, 6. Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 86 (acrophony).

Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 51.14–17). AMD, 424, 1 (3 ×), 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4, 5 (3 ×); 442, 1 (3 ×), 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×), 5 (3 ×), 6 (3 ×), 11 (3 ×), 12 (3 ×); 445, 1 (3 ×), 2 (3 ×), 3(3 ×), 5 (3 ×), 6 (3 ×), 7 (3 ×), 11 (3 ×), 12 (3 ×); 446, 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 11; 447, 3, 5, 6, 8, 11; 536, 1 (3 ×), 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4 (3 ×), 5 (3 ×), 7 (3 ×), 9 (3 ×), 11 (3 ×); 710, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8; 713, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8. Werning 2008, 141.

ᶜ Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (ᶜ.t, Wb I, 160.14 ff.). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 16. Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 86 (acrophony, sic.).

w Exs. Bib.

shape (Z7↓: ). DAY, 128, 1, 2; 142, 8 (also cf. f↓); 282, 1, 2. Klotz 2012b, 22, n. 11.

f Exs.

consonantal (jwf ↑). DAY, 142, 8 (also cf. w↑). NUT, § 155. MMA palette, 15, nr. 12. Louvre C65, 29, nrs. 21, 38. Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 86; Müller-Roth 2008, 456; also cf. w↑

Bib.

F Parts of Mammals

m Exs. Bib.

81

). class /synecdoche (part for whole, F26↑: Aksha (= Rodrigo 1985, 69). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1C) (2 ×). Djehuty H2, 3, 6, 8, 9. KRI II, 215, 8–9; 217, 4–6. Rodrigo 1985, 69 (g). Darnell 2004, 26, 68–69, 196–97; Manassa 2004, 595; Espinel 2010, 332 (derivation unknown).

ḥ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḥᶜ↓). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1E) (2 ×). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 16. Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 86 (acrophony, sic.); Darnell 2004, 48 and n. 62; Manassa 595.

ḥᶜ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 37.5–10). BC, pl. LXXVI, nr. 6 (1, 2; 3 × each) (= WHb, 240, 9). KRI II, 880, 10. Satzinger 1985, 32; Werning 2008, 141.

ḥr Exs. Bib.

consonantal back-formation (ḥᶜ, “flesh” > ḥr, “face”) / synecdoche (part for whole, D2↑: ). BSOU, pl. 34B, 12 (bottom left, 2). Darnell 2004, 325; Manassa 2004, 596.

ẖt Exs. Bib.

). class / part for whole (F32: AMD, 356, 1 (2 ×), 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×), 5 (3 ×), 6 (3 ×), 7 (3 ×). Hornung 1963, 83, nrs. 280–82 (without comment); Werning 2008, 141.

s Exs.

shape (H8↓: ). AMD, 405, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 11; 435, 10; 470, 4; 479, 1, 3, 4, 9; 536, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 11; 537, 3, 5, 7, 9; 580, 1, (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 9, 11 (2 ×); 849, 1, 2, 3, 4. AOTSB, 56, 1. NIGHT, 109 (nr. 17), 4, 5, 6. Roulin 1996, vol. 1, 255, n. 1289; Werning 2008, 131, 141; Roberson 2013, 60 (e).

Bib.

k Exs. Bib.

class / part for whole (F27↑: ). BSOU, pl. 21, 38. Darnell 2004, 68–69, 197; Manassa 2004, 596.

F51 + F51 + F51 ḥr consonantal back-formation (ḥᶜ, “flesh” > ḥr, “face”; cf. D2↑, ḥ). Exs. Khaemhat, 7, nrs. 99, 101. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 87 (reading ḥ only). F63 pɜ (?) Unknown. Exs. BC, pl. LX, 1. Bib. Werning 2011, 236 (a) (“corrupt”).

82

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

ḥt Exs. Bib.

class (mammal heads, F4↑: ) + consonantal (ḥɜ.t) BSOU, pls. 28A, 7; 28B, 8. Darnell 2004, 227 (e); Manassa 2004, 596.

ḫnt Exs.

direct (“what is in front”) / class (faces, noses; D19: ). AMD, 612, 7, 9. AOTSB, 92; 101, 1. BC, pl. LXXIX, nrs. 28 (1, 2, 3) (2 × each = nisbe) (= WHb, 274, 1), 30 (1, 2, 3) (2 × each = nisbe) (= WHb, 274, 3). BE, 304/2, 3. BC, pl. 13, 4. DAY, 283, 7. NIGHT, 90, 3 (2 ×), 4; 155, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 9, a). Werning 2008, 141; Roberson 2012, 97, n. 256; Roberson 2020b, n. 169; also cf. D19↑

Bib.

ḫft Exs. Bib.

direct (“what is in front, before”). BC, pl. CXLVII, nr. 12 (= WHb, 390, 2). BSOU, pl. 33. Darnell 2004, 300–01; Manassa 2004, 596; Roberson 2012, 97, n. 256; also cf. D19↑

sḫr

Exs. Bib.

class (face/nose, D19↑: ) + Hieratic (Ff4: , sḫj, “be deaf,” see references in Bib.) + phonetic (sḫj/y ~ sḫr) // synecdoche (whole for part, calf’s head for ear: Ff4, sḫj). BSOU, pl. 21, 1. Darnell 2004, 177, n. 60; Manassa 2004, 596.

sḏm Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (whole for part, F21: ). BSOU, pl. 25, 44. Darnell 2004, 218; Manassa 2004, 596.

tp Exs. Bib.

direct (“head”) / class (D1: ). AOTSB, 89, 4. Roberson 2013, 90 (d), n. 420.

F63a fnḏ Exs. Bib.

direct (“nose”); class / logogram (D19↑: AOTSB, 56, 6. Roberson 2013, 60 (g).

ḫnt

variant F63↑

F78 wsr Exs. Bib.

, Wb I, 577.10–15).

synecdoche (pars pro toto, anthropomorphic variant) / class (F12↑: ); also see C25↑ KRI II, 186, 9. KRI VI, 16, 1. Montet 1950, 26–27; Fischer 1977, 17–18.

F Parts of Mammals

F88 rnp

83

Exs. Bib.

unknown // perhaps class + logogram from rnp, “young steer” (Wb II, 434.20, Greco-Roman; also cf. rnp, “young horse,” ibid., 434.19, Dyn. 18)? Khaemhat, 8, nr. 140. Drioton 1933a, 41, nr. 76.

F125 ms Exs. Bib.

class (F31: , hides and tails of mammals) + shape Louvre C65, 27, nr. 85. Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 83.

F127 Jnpw Exs. Bib.

metonymy (fetish of Anubis) Khaemhat, 4, 24. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 152.

F158a ḫm metonymy (divine standard of Letopolis, Ḫm). Exs. SETY, Gurna 17. RII, Luxor unnumbered (damaged). KRI II, 614, 6; 346, 9 (partially damaged, but see Kuentz 1971, pl. XXIV, top). Bib. Drioton 1940, 313–314 (also cf. ibid., 345, for similar spelling at Hibis 35); Meeks 2008, 77, n. 166; Boraik 2008, 135. F181 y Exs. Bib.

// sportive (“dual” testicles) + consonantal (wy). Khaemhat, 5, nr. 57. Drioton 1933a, 40 (acrophony).

ẖr.wy Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb III, 393.5–7). Djehuty H2, 7. Espinel 2010, 332.

G Birds G1 ɜḫ Exs. Bib. j Exs. Bib.

class (G25↓: / cryptic G39↓: ). BG, 197, 1, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). Manassa 2006, 132 (a). phonetic (ɜ ~ j). AMD, 471, 2 (2 ×). BSOU, pl. 24, 31. Semna statuette, pillar right side (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 281). Darnell 2004, 62, n. 120; Manassa 2004, 596; Klotz and Brown 2016, 282, nn. 85–89, 301.

ᶜq Exs. Bib.

class (G35: / cryptic G39↓: ). BSOU, pl. 30, 2 (right). Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 597.

w Exs.

class (G43↓: / cryptic G39↓: ). BC, pl. LXVII, 1 (3 ×) (= WHb, 258, 2–3); LXXIII, 3, 4 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXVIII, nr. 23 (2) (= WHb, 258, 1); CXLVIII, nr. 20 (= WHb, 400, 5); CXLIX, nr. 24 (RVI) (= WHb, 404, 4). BG, 193, 6 (3 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 197, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text N); 198, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J); 200 (bottom), 4 (2 ×), 8 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pls. 7B, 1; 18A (first dome, B3); 21, 33; Ramesses VI passim; 33. DAY, 128, 6; 206, 2; 429, 4 (2 ×). NIGHT, 152, 5 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, g); 153, 5, 6 (= Roberson 2020b, § 5, d–e); 154, 1, 2, 4 (2 ×) (= Roberson 2020b, § 5, e, and § 8, c). Drioton 1942, 110, No 137; Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 597; Müller-Roth 2008, 131 (10), 456; Werning 2008, 142.

Bib. bɜ Exs. Bib. m Exs.

Bib.

/ cryptic G39↓: ). class (G29↓: AMD, 123, 8 (2 ×); 373, 12. BG, 200 (bottom), 6, 8 (Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pl. 18A (first dome, B4); 21, 48; 24, 16; 25A, 42 (= 6, middle). Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 597. / cryptic G39↓: ). class (G17↓: AMD, 438, 5; 450, 4, 6. BC, pl. LXVII, 1 (= WHb, 258, 2); LXXIII, 3, 5 (= WHb, 270, 1); CXLVI, nr. 6 (1) (= WHb, 380, 5); CXLVIII, nr. 22 (= WHb, 404, 2); CXLIX, nr. 23 (1) (= WHb, 404, 3); CL, nr. 35 (RVI) (= WHb, 418, 6); CLI, nr. 41 (RVI) (= WHb, 424, 4). BG, 192, 10 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 197, 2, 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text N); 198, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J); 200 (bottom), 4, 8 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pls. 7B, 1 (2 ×); 18A (first dome, T3, T4, B2, T7 [2 ×]); Ramesses VI passim; 33; 34A, 16. DAY, 200, 1; 209, 1, 2. NIGHT, 154, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 7, a). Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 597; Manassa 2006, 112, n. 23; Müller-Roth 2008, 456; Werning 2008, 142.

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-008

86 r Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

class (G38: / cryptic G39↓: ); consonantal (rɜ). BG, 200 (bottom), 8 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pls. 21, 20; 24, 18, 29; 28A, 5. NIGHT, 109, 1, 4, 5, 6. Roulin 1996, vol. 1, 255, n. 1291; Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 597; Manassa 2006, 135 (without comment).

Ḥrw Exs. Bib.

/ cryptic G39↓: class (G5↓: DAY, 373, 5. see generally G39↓

ḥtm Exs. Bib.

class (G38: / cryptic G39↓: ). BC, pl. CL, nrs. 32 (RVI) (= WHb, 418, 3), 35 (RVI) (= WHb, 418, 6). BG, 193, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). BSOU, pl. 21, 2. Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 597; Manassa 2006, 118 (a)–119.

ḫt Exs. Bib.

class (G38: / cryptic G39↓: ); consonantal (ḫt-ᶜɜ, Wb III, 342.1). BSOU, pl. 23, 40. Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23, 137; Manassa 2004, 597.

sɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G39↓: ). BG, 195, 1, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text G). BSOU, pl. 28A, 3. Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 597.

t Exs.

consonantal (tyw↓). BSOU, pl. 21, 5, 21 (2 ×), 22, 31, 33, 45; 24, 18; 30, 4 (left). NIGHT, 154, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 6, c). Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 598.

Bib. tjw Exs.

Bib.

).

/ cryptic G39↓: ). class (G4a↓: AMD, 696, 1 (2 ×), 2, 3, 5, 6 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×), 9; BG, 193, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 200 (top), 2, 3, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text O); 200 (bottom), 3, 6, 8 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text P). DAY, 126, 3, 4; 282, 1, 2; 377, 1 (2 ×). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1B). NIGHT, 152, 4, 5 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, b); 155, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 9, a). Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 598; Müller-Roth 2008, 377, n. 1407; also see G39↓

Ideogram: [cryptic text] Exs. BC, pl. CXLVIII, nr. 22 (3 ×) (= WHb, 404, 2; cf. bɜ↑) Bib. Werning 2008, 133–34; Werning 2011, 475; also cf. Darnell 2004, 109, n. 342 (as bɜ↑); with additional suggestions contra Werning in Quack 2015, 301.

G4a w Exs.

class (G43↓: / cryptic G39↓: ). AMD, 382, 7. BG, 196, 3 (= Manassa 2006, Text F).

G Birds

G5 nb Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 227.5–11). AOTSB, 105, 1. Roberson 2013, 106–07, b.

nṯr Exs. Bib.

direct (“divine” falcon) / synecdoche (part for whole, G7↓: AOTSB, 61, 1; 101, 1. Roberson 2013, 61, c, n. 308.

G7 nṯr Exs.

87

).

Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 358). AOTSB, 89, 1, 2, 3, 4; 101, 2. BC, pl. LX, 5 (= WHb, 236, 15). Djehuty H2, 8 (?). RII, Protocols D, E. KRI II, 607, 9. Espinel 2010, 318 (ac), 332; Roberson 2013, 61 (c), n. 308.

G7.1 kɜ (?) Exs. Bib.

direct (royal ka). Djehuty H2, 2 (?), 6. Espinel 2010, 316 (l), 317 (s), 332.

G7c nṯr

variant G7↑

G7d nṯr

variant G7↑

G11 nṯr Exs. Bib.

class (cryptic G5↑: KRI II, 880, 10. Satzinger 1985, 32.

G14 m Exs. Bib.

).

consonantal (mw.t, Wb II, 54); also cf. G179↓ AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). NUT, § 139; 142. SETY, Gurna 8. RII, Luxor unnumbered. Abydos 1, 1; 2 (= Lurson 2017, 227; cf. n↓). Drioton 1940, 311; Étienne-Fart 1994, 137; Darnell 2004, 32; Manassa 2004, 598; Roberson 2013, 116 (k), n. 546; Taterka 2015, 77 (“acronym”).

88

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

n Exs. Bib.

consonantal (nr↓). Abydos 1, 2 (= Klotz 2012b, 24; cf. m↑). Klotz 2012b, 25 (h).

nr Exs. Bib.

consonantal / logogram (nr.t, Wb II, 277.1–3; nrj, Wb II, 277.4–8). Djehuty H1, 2. Espinel 2010, 332 (“direct representation”).

G15 ḏ.t Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (ḏtɜ.t, Wb V, 618.8) Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 16. Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 88, n. 4.

G17 ɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G1↑: / cryptic G39↓: ). BSOU, pl. 33. DAY, 210, 3. Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 598; Müller-Roth 2008, 456.

jm Exs. Bib.

consonantal back-formation (m > jm). NUT, § 56. Klotz 2011a, 487.

n Exs. Bib.

phonetic (m ~ n). BSOU, pls. 21, 10; 28A, 6. Darnell 2004, 59–60 and n. 110; Manassa 2004, 598.

t Exs. Bib.

consonantal (tjw / tyw↓). BC, pl. LXXVIII, nr. 19 (2) (= WHb, 248, 6). see generally tjw / tyw↓

tjw Exs. Bib.

class (G4a↑: / cryptic G39↓: ). BC, pl. CL, nr. 30 (O) (= WHb, 418, 1). BSOU, pl. 23, 63. Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 598.

G17a tp Exs. Bib.

cryptic G39↓: // Note: derivation questionable, cryptic value tp unattested for G39 (!) BC, pl. LX, 7 (= WHb, 236, 15). Werning 2011, 236, nrs. 15–15*.

G Birds

G25 ᶜq Exs.

89

Bib.

class (G35: / cryptic G39↓: ). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 39 (ᶜq=f ); also note ibid., nr. 47, reading as non-cryptic ɜḫ, “effective one” (contra Drioton: ᶜɜ). Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 89 (reading ᶜ only, by acrophony).

w Exs. Bib.

class (G43↓: / cryptic G39↓: AMD, 565, 7; 686, 2 (“sic”). see generally G39↓

G28 ɜ Exs.

class (G1↑: / cryptic G39↓: ). BG, 195, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text G).

bɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G29↓: / cryptic G39↓: ). DAY, 439, 7. Müller-Roth 2008, 457; also see generally G39↓

G29 w Exs. Bib.

class (G43↓: / cryptic G39↓: AMD, 558, 6. see generally G39↓

ḏsr Exs. Bib.

/ cryptic G39↓: ). class (G27: DAY, 142, 5. Müller-Roth 2008, 457; also see generally G39↓

G29a ɜḫ Exs. Bib.

class (G25↑: / cryptic G39↓: ). DAY, 283, 7. Müller-Roth 2008, 289 (23); also see generally G39↓

w Exs. Bib.

/ cryptic G39↓: class (G43↓: AMD, 382, 2. see generally G39↓

m Exs. Bib.

class (G17↑: / cryptic G39↓: ). BG, 200 (bottom), 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). see generally G39↓

).

).

).

90

G30a pɜ Exs. Bib.

G31 m

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

phonetic + consonantal (bɜ.w) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 34 (name: Pɜ-sr). Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 90 (reading p, consonantal from pɜy, “bird”).

Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (whole for part, H2: ) + consonantal (mɜᶜ) / alternately, class (G17: ) Abydos 1, 2 (= Lurson 2017, 227; cf. t↓) Lurson 2017, 229–230 (j); Morenz 2008, 219.

t Exs. Bib.

consonantal (tɜ↓). Abydos 1, 2 (= Klotz 2012b, 24; cf. m↑). RII, Luxor unnumbered (in: ḫft-ḥr). Boraik 2008, 134; Klotz 2012b, 25 (h).

tɜ Exs.

logogram (Wb V, 212.6, Late Period and Greco-Roman). AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). BSOU, pl. 40 (2 ×, dual). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1C; 2 × = dual). Étienne-Fart 1994, 137–38; Darnell 2004, 26; Manassa 2004, 598; Roberson 2013, 116 (reading ɜ); Klotz 2014, 51; Taterka 2015, 77 (“unknown reasons”).

Bib.

G36 w Exs. Bib.

class (G43↓: / cryptic G39↓: ). BG, 196, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text F); 197, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text L). see generally G39↓

bɜḥ Exs.

// shape (D53: )? BG, 200 (bottom), 3 (= Manassa 2006, Text P).

Ḥrw Exs. Bib.

class (G5↑: ) // direct (antonomasia, Horus = wr, the “Elder,” Wb III, 123.5). AMD, 399, 11; 696, 9; 709, 7, 8. see generally G39↓

sɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G39↓: ). BG, 195, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text G). see generally G39↓

tjw Exs.

/ cryptic G39↓: ). class (G4a↑: BG, 196, 1, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text F); 200 (bottom), 1, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). Manassa 2006, 123, n. 97; also see generally G39↓

Bib.

G Birds

G39 ɜ Exs.

Bib.

91

class (G1↑: / “birds” generally). AMD, 348, 10, 11 (2 ×); 377, 7; 433, 10; 434, 10 (2 ×), 11; 437; 446, 6, 11 (4 ×), 12 (3 ×); 447, 6, 11 (3 ×). BC, pl. LX, 5 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×) (= WHb, 236, 15); LXII, 1 (= WHb, 236, 18); LXIII, 1 (= WHb, 238, 27); LXVII, 3 (= WHb, 258, 3); LXVIII, 4 (= WHb, 262, 4); LXIX, 1, 3 (2 ×) (= WHb, 264, 1); LXX, 3 (= WHb, 2); LXXIII, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×) (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXVII, nr. 16 (1, 2) (= WHb, 248, 3); CXLVI, nr. 3 (1, 2) (= WHb, 374, 1); CXLVIII, nr. 22 (1, 2) (= WHb, 1); CL, nr. 36 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 418, 7); CLI, nr. 45 (RVI, P) (2 × each) (= WHb, 432, 1). BSOU, pls. 5B, 10, 17; 7A, 1, 8; 7B, 1 (2 ×), 4, 7; 8, 8; and passim. DAY, 281, 2 (2 ×). Drioton 1942, 110, No 119; Darnell 2004, 8, 42, n. 23; Manassa 2004, 598– 600; Müller-Roth 2008, 457; Werning 2008, 142; Roberson 2012, 97 and n. 257

ɜḫ Exs. Bib.

). class (G25↑: BG, 197, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). see generally ɜ↑

jw Exs. Bib.

) + phonetic (rɜ ~ jw). class (G38: BSOU, pl. 8, 6. see generally ɜ↑

ᶜq Exs.

). class (G35: BSOU, pl. 9, 3. NIGHT, 86, 2. Louvre C65, 29, nr. 22 (ᶜq=f, contra Drioton, reading ᶜ + q only) see generally ɜ↑

Bib. w Exs.

Bib.

class (G43↓: ). AMD, 348, 11 (2 ×); 349, 11; 359, 8, 12; 363, 12; 382, 12; 448, 11; 536, 7, 11; 537, 7; 558, 10; 565, 11; 632, 7, 10; 656, 8; 686, 9; 689, 8; 709, 7, 8; 716, 7, 8; and passim. BC, pl. LX, 5, 8 (= WHb, 236, 15); LXI, 5 (= WHb, 238); LXVII, 3 (2 ×) (= WHb, 258, 3); LXVIII, 4 (= WHb, 262, 4); LXIX, 1 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×) (= WHb, 264, 1); LXXIII, 3, 4 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXVII, nr. 12 (2) (= WHb, 246, 3); LXXVIII, nr. 17 (1) (= WHb, 248, 5); LXXIX, nr. 33 (1) (= WHb, 276, 2); CXLVIII, nrs. 17 (1) (= WHb, 396, 6), 18 (1, 2) (= WHb, 396, 7), 22 (= WHb, 404, 2); CXLIX, nrs. 24 (P) (= WHb, 404, 4), 28 (= WHb, 414, 3); CL, nrs. 36 (RVI) (= WHb, 418, 7), 37 (2 ×) (= WHb, 418, 8); CLI, nr. 45 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 432, 1). BG, 192, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11 (= Manassa 2006, Text B); 193, 2 (3 ×); 195, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text D); 196, 2 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text F); 197, 1, 2 (3 ×), 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text N); 198, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text J); 200 (bottom), 2 (2 ×), 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pls. 5B, 9, 13, 20; 5C, 7, 8, 10; 7A, 1, 7; 7B, 6; Tutankhamun passim. DAY, 142, 1, 2; 156, 4; 239, 1. NIGHT, 152, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, g). MMA Palette, 16, nr. 32. see generally ɜ↑

92

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

b Exs. Bib.

class (G29↑: ) + consonantal (bɜ). BSOU, pl. 12, 20 (?) see generally ɜ↑

bɜ Exs.

Bib.

class (G29↑: ) AMD, 118, 7 (2 ×), 9; 123, 7; 133, 7 (= Régen 2015a, 49–50); 373, 7; 590, 7; 592, 3, 7; 593, 3, 7; 630, 1, 3, 7, 10; 631, 7; 635, 5. BC: see G.64↓; also cf. ideogram↓. BE, 281, 2 (right); 313/8, a, b. NIGHT (RLdN2), 37 (nr. 6), 5. BG, 200 (bottom), 7 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pls. 5C, 22; 7A, 1, 5; 7B, 1; 8, 1; 9A, 9, 18; Tutankhamun passim. DAY, 283, 7; 439, 7. see generally ɜ↑

p Exs. Bib.

class (G40↓: ) + consonantal (pɜ). BC, pl. LXXIV, 8 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 43A, right); also see G39.1↓, p. see G39↑ Darnell 2004, 94–95 (b), and n. 269.

m Exs.

Bib.

class (G17↑: ). AMD, 349, 6 (3 ×), 11 (2 ×); 435, 10 (3 ×), 11 (3 ×); 438, 5 (2 ×), 10 (2 ×); 626, 7, 10. BC, pl. LXII, 1 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×) (= WHb, 236, 16, 18); LXVII, 3 (2 ×) (= WHb, 258, 2–3); LXVIII, 4 (= WHb, 262, 3); LXIX,. 1, 3 (= WHb, 264, 1); LXX, 1, 3 (= WHb, 264, 2); LXXIII, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×) (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXIV, 8 (= WHb, 276, 4); LXXVI, nrs. 5 (1, 2) (= WHb, 240, 7), 7 (1) (= WHb, 244, 1); LXXVII, nr. 15 (1) (= WHb, 248, 2); LXVIII, nrs. 17 (2, 3) (= WHb, 248, 4), 19 (1, 2) (= WHb, 248, 6); CXXVII, 6, 7 (= WHb, 398, 20); CXLIX, nrs. 23 (2) (= WHb, 404, 3), 25 (P) (?) (= WHb, 410, 1), 27 (= WHb, 414, 2); CL, nr. 35 (P) (= WHb, 418, 6); CLI, nrs. 41 (P) (= WHb, 424, 4), 42 (P) (= WHb, 424, 5). BE, 313/8, b. BG, 192, 7 (2 ×), 8 (= Manassa 2006, Text B); 194, 1 (2 ×), 2 (3 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 195, 1, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text G); 197, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text N); 198, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text J); 200 (bottom), 6 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pls. 4B (2 ×); 5B, 3, 5, 15; Tutankhamun passim; 30, 1 (right). DAY, 283, 5. MMA Palette, 16, nr. 31. see generally ɜ↑

mwt Exs. Bib.

class (G14↑: ). BG, 198, 1, 2, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text J). see generally ɜ↑

n Exs. Bib.

class (G17↑: ) + phonetic (m ~ n). BSOU, pls. 5B, 17; 5C, 22 (2 ×); 10A, 2; 22C, 18. see generally ɜ↑

nḥ Exs. Bib.

// class (G21: ). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 16; 8, nrs. 134, 138 (in : nḥ(ḥ), “eternity”). see generally ɜ↑. Drioton 1933a, 38, 42 (understanding determinative D12↑ as n + = ḥ, by acrophony from ḥtm).

G Birds

r Exs. Bib. ḥtm Exs.

Bib.

93

consonantal (rɜ). BC, pl. LXXIII, 3, 4 (= WHb, 270, 1). BG, 192, 2, 3, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text A); 200 (bottom), 6. Khaemhat, 5, nr. 60. Louvre C65, 27, nr. 80. Wb, II, 393.1–5; Drioton 1933a, 42, nr 91; Fairman 1945, 74. class (G38: ). AMD, 631, 7; 660, 3, 4; 792, 7. BC, pls. LXVII, 3 (= WHb, 258, 2: reading w); LXXIV, 8, 9 (= WHb, 276, 4: reading w); CL, nrs. 32 (P) (= WHb, 418, 3), 35 (P) (= WHb, 418, 6); CLI, nr. 1 (= WHb, 418, 9). BG, 193, 1, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 194, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). Darnell 2004,94– 95a; Manassa 2006, 118a–19, 120 (d); Werning 2008, 143; also see generally ɜ↑

ḫt Exs. Bib.

) + consonantal (ḫt-ᶜɜ, Wb III, 342.1). class (G38: BSOU, pl. 12, 17. see generally ɜ↑

s Exs.

consonantal (sɜ). BG, 193, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). BSOU, pl. 8, 18. DAY, 281, 2. NUT, § 116; 135 (in sbɜ.w, “stars”; Von Lieven 2007, 89, 93, preferred prj, “hervorgehen”, based on PC1, but this value is not otherwise attested). Khaemhat, 5, nr. 65; 7, nr. 102. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 30. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 38. Drioton 1933a, 42, nr. 91; Drioton 1942, 99 (acrophony); Fairman 1945, 77; Vikentiev 1943, 117; and see generally ɜ↑

Bib.

skr (zkr) Exs. Bib.

); part for whole (G10: class (G5↑: AMD, 434, 10. see generally ɜ↑

Gb Exs. Bib.

). class (G38: AMD, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 9. see generally ɜ↑

t Exs.

consonantal (tjw / tyw↓). BC, pl. LXXIV, 8, 9 (= WHb, 276, 4: reading w). BG, 194, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). BSOU, pl. 9B, 6 see generally ɜ↑

Bib. tjw Exs.

Bib.

).

). class (G4a↑: AMD, 659, 8, 9. BC, pl. CL, nr. 36 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 418, 7). BG, 193, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 195, 1, 2 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text G); 196, 3 (= Manassa 2006, Text F). see generally ɜ↑

94

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

Ideogram: [cryptic text] Exs. BC, pl. LX, 5 (3 ×) (= WHb, 236, 15); LXI, 5 (3 ×) (= WHb, 238, 26); LXVII, 1 (2 ×), 3 (3 ×) (= WHb, 258, 3); LXVIII, 4 (3 ×) (= WHb, 262, 4); LXXI, 5 (3 ×), 6 (2 ×) (= WHb, 266, 3); CXXVII, 6, 7 (3 × each) (= WHb, 398, 20). Also cf. bɜ↑ and G64, bɜ↓ Bib. Werning 2008, 133–34; Werning 2011, 475. Also cf. bɜ↑ and G64, bɜ↓, with additional suggestions contra in Quack 2015, 301. ? Exs. Bib.

unknown. BC, pl. CXLVIII, nr. 18 (1, 2) (= WHb, 396, 7). see generally ɜ↑

G39.1 ɜ standardized hieratic variant G39↑: ; cf. Möller 1927, 19, nr. 216. Exs. AMD, 348, 1, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5, 8, 9 (2 ×); 377, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 11; 424, 1, 2, 3, 5; 433, 1, 3, 4, 7; 434, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×); 437, 2, 3, 4, 7; 446, 1 (3 ×), 3 (5 ×), 5 (3 ×), 8; 447, (2 ×), 3 (4 ×), 5 (4 ×), 8 (2 ×). BC, pl. LX, 2 (2 ×) (= WHb, 236, 11), 7 (2 ×) (= WHb, 236, 15); LXI, 4 (= WHb, 238, 26); LXVIII, 5 (= WHb, 262, 4); LXIX, 2 (= WHb, 264, 1); LXXIII, 5 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXVII, nr. 16 (3) (= WHb, 248, 3); CXLVI, nr. 3 (3) (= WHb, 374, 1); CXLVIII, nr. 20 (1) (= WHb, 400, 5). BE, 303/1, x + 4; 304/2, 15; 305/3, 1, 2; 306/4, x + 4; 307/5, 2, 7. BSOU, pls. 33; 34A, 7 (2 ×), 24; 34B, 1, 4; 37A, 4 (2 ×). Bib. see G39↑ ɜḫ Exs. Bib.

. Hieratic variant G39↑: BG, 197, 3 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). see G39↑

w Exs.

Hieratic variant G39↑: . AMD, 348, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5, 7, 8, 9, 10; 349, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10; 358, 2, 3, 5, 9, 11; 359, 2, 3, 4, 5; 363, 2, 3 (2 ×), 4, 5, 9, 11; 382, 3, 5; 432, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8; 448, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8; 536, 1, 3, 4, 5, 9; 537, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9; 539, 2 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 9 (2 ×); 558, 2, 3, 5, 8; 565, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9; 632, 3, 4, 5, 8; 656, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 686, 1, 3, 5, 8; 689, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 709, 2, 3, 5; 716, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; and passim. BC, pl. LX, 7 (= WHb, 236, 15); LXI, 4 (= WHb, 238, 26); LXVII, 2 (2 ×) (= WHb, 258, 2); LXVIII, 5 (= WHb, 262, 4); LXIX, 2 (= WHb, 264, 1); LXXIII, 5 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXIII, 5 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXIV, 9 (= WHb, 276, 4); LXXIX, nr. 33 (3) (= WHb, 276, 2); CXLVI, nr. 2 (3) (= WHb, 274, 2); CXLVIII, nrs. 17 (2) (= WHb, 396, 6), 20 (2) (= WHb, 400, 5), 22 (3) (= WHb, 404, 2). BG, 193, 4 (3 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 197, 3 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text N); 198, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text J); 200 bottom), 3 (2 ×), 7 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BE, 303/1, x + 1, x + 5, x + 6, x + 7; 304/2, 4, 13, 16; 305/3, 1; 306/4, x + 20; 307/5, 1, 2, 4. MMA palette, 16, nr. 32. see G39↑

Bib.

G Birds

bɜ Exs.

95

Bib.

. Hieratic variant G39↑: AMD, 100, 3, 4, 7, 8; 114, 1, 5, 6; 116, 1, 2, 3, 5; 118, 2, 3, 5 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×); 123, 1, 3 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×); 373, 3, 5, 9, 11; 590, 1, 3, 5, 8; 592, 1, 2, 5, 6, 8; 593, 1, 2, 5, 6, 8; 594, 1 (3 ×), 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4 (3 ×), 5 (3 ×), 6 (3 ×), 8 (3 ×); 630, 2, 5; 631, 1, 2, 3, 5; 635, 2, 3, 5, 8; 659, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8; 715, 1, 2, 5, 6; and passim. BE, 304/ 2, 16; 307/5, 3, 5. see G39↑

p Exs. Bib.

Hieratic variant G39↑: . BC, pl. LXXIV, 9; also see G39↑, p. Darnell 2004, 94–95 (b), and n. 269; and see G39↑

m Exs.

Bib.

Hieratic variant G39↑: . AMD, 435, 1 (3 ×), 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4 (3 ×), 7 (3 ×); 438, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×); 450, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×); 597, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8; 626, 2, 3, 4, 5. BC, pls. LXII, 2 (= WHb, 236, 16); LXVIII, 5 (= WHb, 262, 3); LXIX, 2 (= WHb, 264, 1); LXX, 2 (= WHb, 264, 2); LXXIII, 5 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXIV, 9 (= WHb, 276, 4); LXXVII, nr. 15 (3) (= WHb, 248, 2); LXXVIII, nrs. 17 (5) (= WHb, 248, 4), 19 (3) (= WHb, 248, 6); CXLVI, nr. 6 (3) (= WHb, 380, 5). BE, 235 (cenotaph); 304/2, 1, 4 (?); 306/4, x + 18, x + 19 (?), x + 20; 305/5, 1; 307/5, 3. BG, 192, 9 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text B); 194, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 195, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text G); 197, 3 (= Manassa 2006, Text N); 198, 4 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text J); 200 (bottom), 3, 7 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pls. 33; 34A, 14, 15, 24; 37A, 1 (3 ×), 2, 4 (2 ×), 5. MMA palette, 16, nr. 31. see G39↑

mwt Exs. Bib.

Hieratic variant G39↑: . BG, 198, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text J). see G39↑

r Exs.

Hieratic variant G39↑: . BG, 192, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text A); 200 (bottom), 7 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BC, pl. LXXIII, 3, 4 (= WHb, 270, 1). BSOU, pls. 34A, 4; 37A, 1. see G39↑

Bib. ḥtm Exs.

Bib.

Hieratic variant G39↑: . AMD, 147, 2, 3, 5; 631, 1, 2, 3, 5; 660, 1, 2, 5, 8; 792, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. BG, 193, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 194, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). BSOU, pls. 34A, 4; 37A, 1 see G39↑

Gb Exs. Bib.

Hieratic variant G39↑: . AMD, 594, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×). see G39↑

96 tjw Exs.

Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

Hieratic variant G39↑: . AMD, 537, 5, 9; 659, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. BG, 193, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 195, 4 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text G); 196, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text F); 200 (bottom), 7 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). see G39↑

Ideogram: [cryptic text] Exs. BC, pl. LXI, 5 (= WHb, 238, 26); LXVIII, 5 (= WHb, 262, 4). Bib. Werning 2008, 133–34; Werning 2011, 475. Also cf. bɜ↑ and G64, bɜ↓, with arguments contra Werning in Quack 2015, 301.

G39.2 jmn(?) sportive (“hidden” disc)? Influenced perhaps by G47 + D12: which is inside”)? cf. also Z8.1↓ Exs. BE, 154. Bib. Fairman 1945, 119, n. 1 (re: jmy).

(jmy, “that

G40 ɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G1↑: / cryptic G39↑: AMD, 446, 6; 447, 6. see generally G39↑

ɜḫ Exs. Bib.

class (G25↑: / cryptic G39↑: BG, 1 (Beischrift), 1. see generally G39↑

w Exs.

class (G43↓: / cryptic G39↑: ). AMD, 359, 7. BG, 193, 1 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 197, 1, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text N); 200 (bottom), 1 (2 ×), 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pl. 21, 41. see generally G39↑

Bib. p Exs. Bib. m Exs.

Bib. r Exs. Bib.

).

).

consonantal (pɜ). Djehuty H1, 4 (?); also cf. sp↓ and sḥ↓. Espinel 2010, 311 (s.2), 332. / cryptic G39↑: ). class (G17↑: AMD, 450, 6, 12 (2 ×); 597, 7. BG, 192, 6 (2 ×), 11 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text B); 194, 1, 5 (3 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 197, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text N); 200 (bottom), 1, 5 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text P). Manassa 2006, 112, n. 23; also see generally G39↑ ). class (G39↑: BG, 192, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text A); 200 (bottom), 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). see generally G39↑

G Birds

97

ḥtm Exs. Bib.

/ cryptic G39↑: ). class (G38: BG, 194, 1, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). see generally G39↑

sɜ Exs. Bib.

). class (G39↑: AMD, 446, 6. see generally G39↑

sp Exs. Bib.

logogram (spɜ, Wb IV, 100.121) + consonantal. Djehuty H1, 4 (?); also cf. p↑ and sḥ↓. Espinel 2010, 332.

sḥ Exs. Bib.

class (G41: / cryptic G39↑) + logogram (sḥwj, Wb IV, 211.13–16) + consonantal. Djehuty H1, 4 (?); also cf. p↑ and sp↑ Espinel 2010, 311 (s.2), 332; also see generally G39↑

t Exs. Bib.

consonantal (tjw / tyw↓). BG, 193, 1, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). Manassa 2006, 120 (d).

tjw Exs. Bib.

/ cryptic G39↑: ). class (G4↑: BG, 193, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 200, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). see generally G39↑

G41a m Exs. Bib.

class (G17↑: / cryptic G39↑: AMD, 349, 11. see generally G39↑

).

G43 ɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G1↑: / cryptic G39↑: AMD, 434, 10 (2 ×). see generally G39↑

).

wɜ(t) Exs. Bib.

Hieroglyphic variant: Z7↓; shape (V1↓); consonantal back-formation: w(ɜt). AMD, 437, 5. see Z7↓

m Exs. Bib.

class (G17↑: / cryptic G39↑: ). BC, pl. LXVII, 1 (= WHb, 258, 3). BG, 198, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J). see generally G39↑

mwt Exs. Bib.

class (G14↑: / cryptic G39↑: ). BG, 198, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J). see generally G39↑

98

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

sɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G39↑: ). AMD, 446, 6. see generally G39↑

tjw Exs.

class (G4a↑: / cryptic G39↑: ). AMD, 659, 7; BG, 195, 6 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text G); 196, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text F). see generally G39↑ ). class (G47↓: NUT, § 30. Von Lieven 2007, 58, n. 257; Klotz 2011a, 481.

Bib. ṯɜw Exs. Bib.

G47 m Exs. Bib.

class (G17↑: / cryptic G39↑: ); sportive (chick = jmj, “one who is in” the egg) + consonantal. AOTSB, 65, 6. Fairman 1945, 119, n. 1; Roberson 2013, 73 (o), n. 359; also see generally G39↑

ṯ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ṯɜ) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 9. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 92.

G49 ḫ(r) Exs. Bib.

shape (M8↓: ) + logogram (jɜḫj: Wb I, 33.2) + consonantal + phonetic (ḫj ~ ḫr). BC: MLEU, pl. 288A, 6. Manassa 2007, vol. 1, 407 (e).

G51 ḥm Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḥɜm, Wb III, 31). Louvre C65, 27, nr. 83. Abydos 2, side B. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 93; Effland and Effland 2004, 15 (b).

G64 ɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G1↑: / cryptic G39↑: ). BC, pl. LXIX, 2 (= WHb, 1); MLEU, pl. 288B (CG), 3; 288C (CG, 2). see generally G39↑

w Exs. Bib.

class (G43↑: / cryptic G39↑: ). BC: MLEU, pl. 288A, 5. Manassa 2007, vol. 1, 407 (d); also see generally G39↑

G Birds

bɜ Exs. Bib.

/ cryptic G39↑: class (G29↑: BC: MLEU, pl. 288A, 5 (3 ×) see generally G39↑

m Exs. Bib.

/ cryptic G39↑: ). class (G17↑: BC: MLEU, pl. 288A, 5. Manassa 2007, vol. 1, 406 (without comment); also see generally G.39↑

(n)pɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G40↑: / cryptic G39↑: ); logogram (npj: Wb II, 248.6)? BC, pl. LX, 4 (= WHb, 236, 11; MLEU, pl. 288C (Berlin), 2). see generally G39↑

).

G64.1 cursive variant G64↑

G80 ɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G1↑: / cryptic G39↑: AMD, 434, 5. see generally G39↑

G144 ḏr.t Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb V, 596.2–8). NIGHT, 153, 5, 6 (2 × each = ḏr.ty) (= Roberson 2020b, § 5, c). Drioton 1942, 91, 102, No 86; Roberson 2020b, § 5 (c), nn. 115, 117–118.

ḏrw Exs. Bib.

logogram↑ + consonantal. NIGHT, 153, 3, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, g). Drioton 1942, 91, 103, No 84.

).

G144b variant G144↑

G179 m Exs. Bib.

consonantal (mw.t, Wb II, 54); variant G14↑ RII, Luxor unnumbered. KRI II, 613, 2. Boraik 2008, 134.

G213 ɜ Exs. Bib.

class (G1↑: / cryptic G39↑: AMD, 433, 5; 437, 5. see generally G39↑

).

99

H Parts of birds H1 skr (zkr) class (H10↓: ). Exs. AMD, 434, 11. Bib. see H10↓ H2 w Exs. Bib.

part for whole (G31↑: AMD, 363, 7, 8. see generally G39↑

H5 pɜ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 494.1–12) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 2; 27, nr. 75 (both exs. in name Pɜ-sr) Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 96.

H6 j Exs. Bib.

shape (M17↓: ). AMD, 10. BSOU, pls. 13B, 15; 22C, 1. Darnell 2004, 144; Manassa 2004, 601.

p Exs. Bib.

part for whole (G40↑); consonantal (pɜ). BSOU, pl. 13B, 9. Darnell 2004, 144; Manassa 2004, 601.

r Exs. Bib.

shape (M17↓). AMD, 382, 12; 397, 9; 446, 12. see M17↓

); class (G43↑:

/ cryptic G39↑:

).

Determinative: sṯɜ shape (V2↓, see discussion in Bib.). Exs. BSOU, pl. 11, 7. Bib. Darnell 2004, 128–29, n. 410; Manassa 2004, 601.

H6 + A465.1 see A465.1↑ + H6. H6.1 (w)s(j)r ). shape (H8↓ + L4↓: Exs. AOTSB, 56, 4. Bib. Roberson 2013, 60 (e); also cf. Werning 2016 (understanding scribal error). https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-009

102 H8 ɜs Exs. Bib. jmj

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

shape (F51↑: ). Djehuty H2, 5. Espinel 2010, 332.

Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (part for whole, H34↓: ) / sportive (“that which is in” a bird, or “that in which” a bird is) Urk. IV, 46, 14; 49, 7; Louvre C65, 26, nr. 1. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 99; Rashed 2015, 13.

jr Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic D12↑: ). AMD, 537, 10. see D12↑

bɜ Exs. Bib.

). part for whole (G29↑: AMD, 631, 10. Hornung 1963, 149 (“siebente Höhle”; without comment).

pᶜ.t Exs.

logogram (Wb I, 503.2–8, cf. NK abbreviation: AMD, 661, [1], 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9.

).

ms(w) sportive (egg containing a “child”). Exs. TT 32 (multiple occurrences in the name Ḏḥwty-ms). Monuments of Minmose (= Effland and Effland 2004, 12–13, Kryptogramm Brüssel E.4181). Bib. Kákosy 1989; Fábián 1989–99, 31, §II; Effland and Effland 2004, 12–13. nw Exs. Bib.

shape (W24↓: ). BSOU, pl. 33. Darnell 2004, 294; Manassa 2004, 602.

s Exs.

); consonantal (Wsjr and ɜs.t only). part for whole (G39↑: AMD, 405, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6; 424, 2, 3, 4, 5; 435, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5, 6, 7 (2 ×), 10, 11; 470, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4, 5 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×), 10 (2 ×); 479, 7, 10; 539, 2, 5, 9; 597, 5 (2 ×). AOTSB, 56, 2, 3, 5. BC, pl. LXXIV, 5 (= WHb, 276, 5). BE, 281, 2 (right); 286, 1 (bottom), 328/19, 1; 331/22, 2. BG, 125, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7; 130, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7; 199 (8 ×); 200 (4 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text O); 253, 5, 7, 8. DAY, 283, 3, 4. NIGHT 89, 2; 109 (nr. 17), 1; 129, 1; 132, 1; 167, 1, 5b. Fairman 1945, 90–92 (m); Werning 2008, 131, 143; Roberson 2013, 60 (e).

Bib.

Determinative: ẖɜ.wt shape (Aa2↓: ). Exs. BSOU, pl. 13B, 8. Bib. Darnell 2004, 147; Manassa 2004, 601.

H8 + E17 sɜ see E17↑ + H8.

H Parts of birds

103

H10 ᶜḫm(?) part for whole (G11↑: ). Exs. Djehuty H1, 2 (?); also cf. bjk↓ Bib. Espinel 2010, 309 (h), 332. bjk(?) Exs. Bib.

). part for whole (G6: Djehuty H1, 2; also cf. ᶜḫm↑ Espinel 2010, 209 (h), 332.

skr (zkr)

Bib.

part for whole (G10: ). AMD, 348, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11; 424, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 434, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; 437, 2, 3, 4, 57, 10; 445, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11; 447, 3, 5, 6, 8. Werning 2008, 143.

H16 jr Exs. Bib.

class (D4↑: ) + consonantal (jrt); also cf. H16 + H16↓ Abydos 1, 1. Khaemhat, 4, nr. 1. Drioton 1933a, 9, 43, nr. 94; Klotz 2012b, 24 (g).

Exs.

mɜ(ɜ) class (D4↑: / cryptic D12↑: ) also cf. H16 + H16↓ and N5 + N5↓ Exs. KRI III, 650, 13; 651, 15; 652, 9, 11; 653, 9; 655, 13. Bib. see D12↑ mr Exs. Bib.

) + consonantal + logogram (mr.t, Wb II, 107.10–15). class (D4: Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 11. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 94.

skr / zkr Exs. Bib.

part for whole (cryptic H10↑: AMD, 348, 6. see H10↑

H16 + H16 jr.ty see H16↑ Exs. Louvre C65, 29, nr. 28. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 95. mɜɜ Exs. Bib.

see H16↑ AMD, 349, 6. see D12↑

H31 n

see D41↑:

,n

/ G10:

).

104

H34 jmj Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

sportive (“one who is inside”). Djehuty H1, 2; Djehuty H2, 2 (2 ×), 5. Fairman 1945, 119, n. 1; Espinel 2010, 309 (i), 332; Rashed 2015.

jmj-jtn Exs. Bib.

sportive (“he who is in the solar disc/egg”); also cf. jmj dwɜ.t↓ AOTSB, 65, 5, 6. Roberson 2013, 72 (k).

jmj-dwɜ.t shape (N15: ) + sportive (“he who is in the Duat”); also cf. jmj-jtn↑ // possibly also phonetic (ṯɜ.t ~ dɜ.t) Exs. AOTSB, see jmj-jtn↑ Bib. Werning 2016.

I Amphibians, reptiles, and their parts I3 ɜᶜ Exs. Bib. jt Exs. Bib. ḫntj Exs.

thematic + consonantal (the crocodile Wnty described as ᶜɜᶜy, “ejaculating,” the sun god). MMA Palette, 15, nr. 9 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1D). Darnell 2004, 27 (b), n. 69; Manassa 2004, 602. consonantal (jtj, “sovereign,” Wb I, 143.3–13) // + phonetic (< ɜd, “to rage” Wb I, 24.12) KRI II, 880, 10. Satzinger 1985, 32.

Bib.

logogram (Wb III, 308.4). AMD, 470, 1, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×), 10 (2 ×); 471, 1, 2, 3, 4, 58, 10, 11; 491, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11; 717, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×). NIGHT, 3, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, e). Werning 2008, 143.

I5 š Exs. Bib.

logogram (šwy, Wb IV, 434.8) + consonantal. NIGHT, see I3↑, ḫntj. Darnell 2004, 30, n. 77; Manassa 2004, 602.

ḫntj Exs.

variant I3↑ NIGHT, see I3↑, ḫntj.

I6 + A26 f(ɜj) see A26↑ + I6.

I6 + C227 Km.t see C227↑ + I6. I9 n Exs. Bib. tɜ

Exs. Bib.

Hieratic (N35: ); cf. Möller 1927, 30, nr. 331, P. Abbot: 24, nr. 263: [I9]. BSOU, pls. 25A, 37 (= 1, left); 28 A, 8; 28B, 7 (2 ×). Darnell 2004, 97, 218, n. 199; Manassa 2004, 602.

[N35] vs. ibid.,

); cf. Möller 1927, 29, nr. 318, P. Rollin: [N16] vs. ibid., Hieratic (N16↓ 24, nr. 263, Rollin: [I9] / class (I10↓: ) + phonetic (ḏ ~ t) + consonantal back-formation / thematic (nether “earth” as realm of serpents, Apep). AMD, 567, 10 (“sic”). BG, 63, 4, 5. Darnell 2004, 215; Manassa 2004, 602.

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-010

106 ḏ Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

class (I14↓: ). BSOU, pl. 13B, 10; 24, 30, 31, 34; 30, 4 (right). Darnell 2004, 8; Manassa 2004, 602; also see I14↓

Determinative: fnṯ class (I19: , Wb I, 577.5–7) Exs. Khaemhat, 8, nr. 123. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 101.

I10 f Exs. Bib.

class (I9↑: ). AMD, 710, 5. AOTSB, 65, 7. Fairman 1945, 65 (c); Roberson 2013, 74–75, s; also see generally I14↓

d Exs. Bib.

phonetic (ḏ) Khaemhat, 6, nrs. 86, 95. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 27. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 102, n. 3.

I10 + U36 ḥmt(y) direct + phonetic (ḥm-club + ḏ > t). Exs. KRI II, 613, 1.

I14 jᶜr.t Exs. Bib.

class (I64↓: ) + logogram (Wb I, 42.1–5). BSOU, pl. 5B, 16 (two serpents, dual: jᶜr.tj). Darnell 2004, 59; Manassa 2004, 603.

(j)r(t) consonantal back formation from r↓ Exs. BC, pl. LXII, 7 (= WHb, 236, 19). Bib. see r↓ f Exs.

). class (I9↑: AOTSB, 56, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 61, 1; 93, 1, 2. BC, pls. LXII, 1 (= WHb, 236, 19); LXXIV, 8 (= WHb, 276, 4); LXXVIII, nr. 20 (= WHb, 254, 1); CLI, nrs. 40 (P) (= WHb, 424, 2), 45 (RVI, P: phonetic & determinative) (= WHb, 432, 1); MLEU, pl. 288A, 6 (2 ×). BE, 236; 303/1, x + 2; 304/2, 13, 14 (?); 305/3, 3. BG, 200 (bottom), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pl. 4A; 7A, 1 (2 ×); 7B, 1 (3 ×); 10B, 7; and passim. Djehuty H1, 1 (?), 2 (2 ×), 3 (3 ×); Djehuty H2, 1 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 9. Khaemhat, 5, nrs. 58, 74; 7, nr. 110. MMA Palette, 16, nrs. 25, 37; 17, nrs. 74, 78. Neferrenpet, 21, nrs. 1, 8, 11, 18, 26. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 3, 39 (contra Drioton: q), 55, 62; 27, nr. 83; 28, nr. 7; 29, nrs. 22 (contra Drioton: q), 25, 41; 30, nrs. 57, 58.

I Amphibians, reptiles, and their parts

107

Bib.

Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 103; Zeidler 1999, vol. 2, 20; Darnell 2004, 45 and n. 39; Manassa 2004, 602; Manassa 2006, 112, 135; Werning 2008, 143; Roberson 2007, 108, pl. 1a–b; Espinel 2010, 333; Roberson 2012, 91, n. 204, 97– 98 and n. 258; Roberson 2013, 58–59 (c).

n Exs. Bib.

class (I9↑: ). BSOU, pl. 30, 1 (right). Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 9, 21, 52. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 103; Darnell 2004, 97; Manassa 2004, 603.

r Exs.

logogram (rɜ, Wb II, 393.7–10) + consonantal. BE, 136, 3 (Ramesses IV); 172, 2. Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1E). Cairo stela TR 30/10/17/8, 5 (= Selim 2003, 256, r). Djehuty H1, 1 (?); Djehuty H2, 1, 4, 5, 7 (6 ×). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 13. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 53; 27, nrs. 66, 75; 29, nrs. 15, 41. Drioton 1933a, 43, nr. 103; Fairman 1945, 74; Darnell 2004, 46 and n. 43; Manassa 2004, 603; Espinel 2010, 308 (b.3), 333.

Bib.

ḥf(ɜw) logogram (Wb III, 72.14–20). Exs. BC, pl. CXLVIII, nr. 20 (1, 2) (= WHb, 400, 5). Bib. Werning 2008, 143 (“fälschlich für f ?”). ḫᶜ Exs. Bib.

class (I12: ); logogram (Wb III, 242.6–7). Djehuty H1, 4 (?). Espinel 2010, 310 (q), 333.

t Exs.

Bib.

) + phonetic (ḏ ~ t). consonantal (tɜ↓) / class (I10↑: BC, LXIV, 1 (= WHb, 240, 15: reading d↓); LXXVI, 1 (= WHb, 240, 3: reading d↓); CXLIX, nr. 27 (= WHb, 414, 2: reading d↓). BSOU, pls. 4B; 8, 11; 24, 2. Djehuty H1, 4 (?). Darnell 2004, 45.

tɜ Exs. Bib.

class (I9↑: , tɜ). BSOU, pls. 21, 18, 31; 24, 14. Darnell 2004, 215.

d Exs.

class (I10↑: ). BE, 306, x + 4, x + 18. BC, pl. LXII, 8, 9 (= WHb, 236, 19); LXIV, 1 (= WHb, 240, 15); LXVII, 4, 6 (= WHb, 258, 3); LXVIII, 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×) (= WHb, 262, 3); LXXVI, nr. 3 (= WHb, 240, 3); LXXVIII, nr. 24 (1, 4) (= WHb, 262, 1); CXLIX, nr. 27 (= WHb, 414, 2). BSOU, pl. 37A, 1. see f ↑

Bib. ḏ Exs.

class (I10↑: ). AMD, 442, 3, 5, 6, 11, 12. AOTSB, 65, 1, 4; 101, 1, 2. BC, pls. LXII, 1 (= WHb, 236, 19); LXXIV, 8, 9 (= WHb, 276, 4); LXXVII, nr. 13 (1, 2) (= WHb, 246, 4); LXXVIII, nr. 20 (= WHb, 254, 1); CXLVI, nr. 3 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 374, 1); CXLIX,

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Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

Bib.

nrs. 27 (= WHb, 414, 2), 28 (= WHb, 414, 3); MLEU, pl. 288A, 6. BE, 235 (cenotaph); 305/3, 1; 307/5, 3, 4. BSOU, pl. 7A, 1 (2 ×), 5; 8, 7, 13, 17; and passim. Djehuty H2, 9. Khaemhat, 4, nr. 17. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 3. see f ↑

I14.1 f, ḏ

variant I14↑

I14a f

variant I14↑

I14c f, ḏ

variant I14↑

I24 pr(j) Exs.

Bib. [I25]? ᶜq (?) Exs. Bib.

I64 f Exs. Bib.

sportive (viper “emerging”). AOTSB, 65, 5. NIGHT, 158, 4, 6; 159, 1, 2, 4; 162, 3, 5; 163, 1, 2, 4; MLEU, pl. 164 (top), 1; 164 (bottom), 1; 288C (CG), 1. Djehuty H1, 2. Khaemhat, 5, nr. 35. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 37; 29, nrs. 19, 39. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 104; Fairman 1945, 98; Espinel 2010, 333; Roberson 2013, 70–71 (i), nn. 339–340. damaged / questionable, but note contextual pairing with sportive I24↑ Also cf. V13↓ AOTSB, 65, 5. Fairman 1945, 98 (re: ); Roberson 2013, 71–72 (j); Werning 2016 (caveat, re: illegibility of damaged sign).

class (I9↑: see I14↑ see I14↑

/ cryptic I14↑:

).

I64.1 variant I64↑ I75 ḏ.t Exs. Bib.

// class (I10↑: ) + consonantal back formation (ḏ > ḏt). Djehuty H2, 8. Espinel 2010, 333 (“Uroboros?”).

I Amphibians, reptiles, and their parts

I80 f Exs. Bib.

class (I9↑: see I14↑ see I14↑

/ cryptic I14↑:

).

109

K Fish and their parts K2 s Exs. Bib. K3 s Exs. Bib.

class (K3↓: ). Djehuty H2, 6 (?). Espinel 2010, 317 (t), 333; see K3↓

logogram (Wb III, 406.12). BSOU, pl. 10A, 3. Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1B). Semna statuette, front, 2 (3 ×) (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278); pillar left side (=ibid., 283). Darnell 2004, 22–23, 118; Manassa 2004, 603; Klotz and Brown 2016, 301.

K5 ẖɜ(.t) class (K4: ). Exs. BC, pl. LXXVI, nrs. 7 (1) (= WHb, 244, 1), 9 (1, 2) (= WHb, 244, 3). Bib. Werning 2008, 144. s Exs. Bib.

). class (K3↑: Khaemhat, 5, nr. 54. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 23. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 24; 27, nr. 79; 29, nr. 23; 30, nr. 58. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 105.

K6 ḫ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḫɜ(.t)?, Wb III, 218.17; ḫɜ.t, ibid., 222.6–7; ḫɜ, ibid., 222.12–13). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 7. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 108.

K7 špt / ḫpd logogram (Wb IV, 453–454). Exs. NUT, § x + 11.

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-011

L Invertebrates L1 jk(ɜ)? unknown. Exs. BSOU, pl. 5C, 21. Bib. Darnell 2004, 71; Manassa 2004, 604. ᶜnḫ Exs. Bib.

rebus (Wb I, 204.7). AOTSB, 105, 1. BSOU, pl. 5C, 20. Khaemhat, 4, nr. 5; 5, nr. 53. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 106; Fairman 1945, 102; Darnell 2004, 71, and n. 160; Manassa 2004, 604; Roberson 2013, 109 (g).

f Exs. Bib.

unknown. NIGHT, 109 (nr. 17), 1, 4, 5, 6. Roulin 1996, vol. 1, 255, n. 1288.

t Exs. Bib.

consonantal (tɜ↓). AOTSB, 93, 1. Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1C). Yoyotte 1955, 86–87; Darnell 2004, 25; Manassa 2004, 604; Morenz 2008, 180; Roberson 2013 (c), 95, nn. 443–444.

tɜ Exs.

unknown // onomatopoeia? AOTSB, 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). Also see A296b.1↑ + L1. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 25. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 51; 29, nr. 31. Wb V, 212 (non-cryptic exs. in Late Perdiod and Greco-Roman era); Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 106; Fairman 1945, 128; Étienne-Fart 1994, 137–38; Roberson 2013, 116 (reading: t); Klotz 2014, 51; Taterka 2015, 77.

Bib.

L4 j Exs. Bib. w Exs. Bib.

back-formation (D21↑: ); phonetic (r ~ j). BG, 192, 1, 2, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text A). Manassa 2006, 115 (b), nn. 45–46. phonetic (r ~ w). BC, pl. LXXIV, 8, 9 (= WHb, 276, 4: as r↓); MLEU, pl. 288A, 5; also cf. ideogram↓. BSOU, pl. 9A, 19 Darnell 2004, 94–95 (c), n. 270, 108–10 and n. 342; Manassa 2007, 407 (d); also cf. ideogram↓

b Exs. Bib.

) + consonantal (bj.t). class (L2: BC, pl. LXX, 4 (2 ×) (= WHb, 264, 3). Werning 2008, 132 (2), 144; Werning 2011, 264, 3 (reconstruction, center).

r

unknown; perhaps onomatopoeia (Werning 2008, 144), or class interchange with generic “flying” animal, G39↓, r (Klotz and Brown 2016, 281, nn. 78– 79).

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-012

114 Exs.

Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

Aksha (= Rodrigo 1985, 69). AOTSB, 56, 1, 3, 5. BC, pls. LXII, 1, 2, 3 (= WHb, 236, 17, 19); LXX, 1 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×) (= WHb, 264, 2); LXXIII, 3 (3 ×), 4 (3 ×), 5 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXIV, 8 (4 ×), 9 (3 ×) (= WHb, 276, 4); LXXVIII, nr. 23 (2) (= WHb, 258, 1); CXLVII, nr. 9 (1, 2, 3) (2 × each) (= WHb, 386, 3); CLI, nrs. 44 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 432, 2), 46 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 432, 3); MLEU, pl. 288A, 5, 6. BE, 303/1, x + 6, x + 7; 304/2, 3; 339/28, 5. BG, 194, 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). BSOU, pls. 5B, 5; 5C, 5, 16 (2 ×); and passim. KRI II, 215, 6, 10; 217, 4–5 (Amara West). Djehuty H2, 1, 3, 6, 7, (2 ×), 8. Khaemhat, 5, nr. 34; 6, nr. 93. MMA Palette, 15, nrs. 3, 5, 11, 13 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1D); 16, nr. 18. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 26. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 7, 55; 29, nrs. 15, 33. Semna statuette, front, 2 (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278). Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 107; Darnell 2004, 108–110; Manassa 2004, 604; Manassa 2007, 407 (e); Werning 2008, 128, 144; Espinel 2010, 333; Roberson 2012, 98 and n. 259; Roberson 2013, 60 (e); Klotz and Brown 2016, 281 (f), 301.

Ideogram: [cryptic text] Exs. BC, pl. LX, 5 (= WHb, 236, 15); LXI, 4 (= WHb, 238, 26); LXVII, 1, 3 (= WHb, 258, 3); LXXI, 5, 6 (= WHb, 266, 3); CXXVII, 6, 7 (= WHb, 398, 20). Also cf. w↑ Bib. Werning 2008, 133–34; Werning 2011, 475; also cf. w↑, with additional suggestions contra in Quack 2015, 301.

L25 srq-ḥty.t logogram (srq, Wb IV, 202, incl. dets. L25 and F10, ; srq-ḥty.t, 181.7, incl. det. F10). Exs. see Ideogram↓ Bib. Klotz 2011a, 483, n. 33. Ideogram: [Underworld begins] Exs. BE, 132 (fig. 5.1, bottom left). Bib. Roberson 2012, 98 and n. 262, 134 and nn. 45–48.

M Plants M1 m Exs. Bib.

M1.1 ḫt Exs. M2 j Exs.

Bib.

logogram + consonantal (jmɜ, Wb I, 79–80). MMA palette, 16, nr. 36. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 109.

direct (ḫt, “tree,” Wb III, 389.10–14. Note: not yet a logogram; determinative unattested prior to Greco-Roman era). KRI II, 217, 4 (2 ×) (Amara West).

class (M17↓: ); also cf. M2 + M2↓, y, w AOTSB, 101, 1, 2. BC, pl. LX, 5, 7, 8 (= WHb, 236, 15); LXII, 1 (= WHb, 236, 18); LXVII, 1, 3 (= WHb, 258, 3); LXVIII, 4, 5 (= WHb, 262, 4); LXX, 1, 2, 3 (= WHb, 264, 2); LXXIII, 3, 4 (= WHb, 270, 2); LXXVI, nr. 6 (1) (= WHb, 244, 1); LXXVII, nr. 15 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 248, 2); LXXVIII, nrs. 18 (= WHb, 248, 5), 19 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 248, 6), 23 (2) (= WHb, 258, 1); CXXVII, 8, 9 (= WHb, 398, 20); CXLVIII, nrs. 19 (2, 3) (= WHb, 400, 1), 22 (1, 2) (= WHb, 404, 2); CXLIX, nr. 23 (2) (= WHb, 404, 3); CLI, nr. 41 (P) (= WHb, 424, 4); MLEU, pl. 288A, 6. BE, 313/8, a, b. BG, 195, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text D); 196, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text F). BSOU, pls. 4B (2 ×); 4C (2 ×); 5B, 8 (2 ×), 15; Tutankhamun passim. DAY, 156, 4. NIGHT, 154, 4 (2 ×) (= Roberson 2020b, § 8, a, d). Djehuty H1, 2; Djehuty H2, 1 (?), 2 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×), 9 (3 ×?). Khaemhat, 5, nrs. 54, 72, 74. MMA Palette, 16, nrs. 40, 45; 17, nrs. 56, 72, 76, 81, 84. Louvre C65, 27, nr. 64; 28, nr. 9. Urk. IV, 76.16, 77.5–6 (non-cryptographic stela). Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 110; Darnell 2004, 62, n. 120, 222; Manassa 2004, 604; Manassa 2006, 112; Müller-Roth 2008, 157 (3a); Werning 2008, 144; Espinel 2010, 316 (n), 333; Roberson 2012, 98, n. 261; Roberson 2013, 101 (b).

jb Exs. Bib.

class (M1: ) + logogram (Wb I, 60.17–18, 62.3–4). BC, pl. CL, nr. 37 (= WHb, 418, 8). Darnell 2004, 9, 39; Manassa 2004, 604.

y Exs.

phonetic (j ~ y); also cf. M2↓ + M2. BC, pl. LXXVI, 1 (= WHb, 234, 1*).

b(ɜ) Exs. Bib.

consonantal (jbw↑); logogram. (bɜ.t, Wb I, 416.6–10) + consonantal. DAY, 128, 1, 2; 282, 1, 2. Darnell 2004, 9, n. 39; Manassa 2004, 605; Müller-Roth, 130 (4a), 457; Klotz 2012b, 22.

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-013

116

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

p Exs. Bib.

// phonetic (b↑ ~ p). DAY, 143, 7. Drioton 1942, 109, No 61 (dubious derivation by acrophony). Müller-Roth 2008, 151 (17c) (reading as determinative).

n

logogram + consonantal (nɜw.t, Wb II, 200.7; njɜjɜ, ibid., 202.6; njwj, ibid., 203.3). Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 29, 57. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 110 (acrophony).

Exs. Bib. r Exs.

Bib.

class (M17↓: ); phonetic (j ~ r). BC, pls. LXIX, 1, 2, 3 (= WHb, 264, 2); LXXIII, 3, 4, 5 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXVI, nr. 9 (2) (= WHb, 244, 3). BE, 305/3, 1. BSOU, pl. 5B, 18. Djehuty H2, 3 (?). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 30. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 110 (acrophony); also see j↑

ḥ Exs.

consonantal (ḥɜ↓). BC, pl. CL, nr. 37, 1 (= WHb, 418, 3*). NIGHT, 154, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 6, b).

ḥɜ Exs.

class (M16↓: ) AOTSB, 65, 8. BC, pl. LXXIV, 8, 9 (= WHb, 276, 4: reading ḥn). BSOU, pls. 4B; 8, 11. Darnell 2004, 48–49, nn. 66–67, 94–95, c; Manassa 2004, 605; Roberson 2013, 74 (r); also see generally j↑

Bib.

ḫ Exs. Bib.

class (M12↓: ). AOTSB, 101, 2. BSOU, pl. 9B, 8. Darnell 2004, 68; Manassa 2004, 605; Roberson 2013, 103 (m); also see generally j↑

ẖ Exs. Bib.

class (M12↓: ); phonetic (ḫ ~ ẖ). BSOU, pls. 5B, 10; 9B, 6. Darnell 2004, 68; Manassa 2004, 605.

s Exs. Bib.

consonantal (sw↓) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 30; 30, nr. 59. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 110 (consonantal < js)

sw Exs. Bib.

class (M23↓: ). BSOU, pls. 11, 8; 22C, 8. Djehuty H2, 9 (?). Darnell 2004, 129; Manassa 2004, 605; Espinel 2010, 333.

k

hieratic (cryptic F27↑: ); cf. Möller 1927, 24, nr. 268, Lederhs., Pentoere, P. Abbott: , , [M2] vs. ibid., 14, n. 166, Gurob, P. Abbott, Nḏm.t: , , [F27]. BSOU, pls. 5B, 13 (2 ×); 5C, 10 (2 ×). Darnell 2004, 68, n. 146; Manassa 2004, 605.

Exs. Bib.

M Plants

t (?) Exs. Bib.

117

// logogram + consonantal (tjw, Wb V, 242.8, a medicinal plant). AOTSB, 101, 2. Roberson 2013, 102 (i).

M2 + M2 y class (M17↓ + M17: ). Exs. BC, pl. LX, 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 (= WHb, 236, 11, 15; MLEU, pl. 288C (Berlin), 2); LXI, 4 (= WHb, 238, 26); LXIII, 1 (= WHb, 238, 27); LXIV, 1 (= WHb, 240, 15); LXVII, 1, 2, 3 (= WHb, 258, 2); LXVIII, 4 (= WHb, 262, 3); LXX, 3 (= WHb, 264, 2); LXXI, 5, 6 (= WHb, 266, 3); LXXIII, 3, 4, 5 (= WHb, 270, 2); LXXVI, nrs. 1 (= WHb, 234, 1), 3 (= WHb, 240, 3); LXXVII, nrs. 10 (= WHb, 246, 1), 12 (= WHb, 246, 3); LXXVIII, nrs. 21 (1) (= WHb, 254, 2), 24 (1, 4) (= WHb, 262, 1), 25 (1, 3) (= WHb, 262, 2); LXXIX, nrs. 26 (2, 3) (= WHb, 266, 1), 31 (3) (= WHb, 270, 3), 32 (1) (= WHb, 276, 1); CXLVI, nrs. 1 (3) (= WHb, 374, 3), 4 (2, 3) (= WHb, 380, 1), 6 (3) (= WHb, 380, 5); CXLVIII, nr. 19 (= WHb, 400, 1); CXLIX, nr. 26 (= WHb, 414, 1); CL, nr. 32 (P) (= WHb, 418, 3); CLI, nrs. 39 (P) (= WHb, 424, 1), 40 (P) (=WHb, 424, 2), 41 (P) (=WHb, 424, 4), 42 (P) (= WHb, 424, 5), 43 (P) (= WHb, 424, 6), 44 (P) (= WHb, 2), 46 (P) (= WHb, 3); MLEU, pl. 288A, 5; 288B (CG), 3; 288C (CG), 2. BE, 313/8, a. Djehuty H1, 3. MMA Palette, 15, nr. 6 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1D). Khaemhat, 5, nrs. 61, 70; 7, nr. 121. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 37, 49. Bib. Darnell 2004, 222; Werning 2008, 144; Espinel 2010, 310 (m), 333. w Exs. Bib.

phonetic (y↑ ~ w). BE, 304/2, 16 (?). BSOU, pl. 7B, 6; 10A, 6. Djehuty H1, 2 (?). Darnell 2004, 119, n. 380, 304, n. 135; Manassa 2004, 605; Espinel 2010, 333.

M3 ḫ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḫt) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 36. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 114 (acrophony, sic.).

M3.1 tr Exs.

class / pars pro toto (M1+M3 / M1a: ) RRI IX, 22, 18 (in personal name Ḫᶜ-m-tr; cf. Ranke 1935, 264, no. 5).

M4 jnk Exs. Bib.

unknown Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 35, 40; 28, nr. 1; 29, nr. 32. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 115.

118

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

M4 + N5 r // class + shape (cryptic M17↓: , r) + consonantal (rᶜ), as phonetic complement (cf. N5↓) Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 15, 34. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 44, nr. 116 (acrophony). M4.1 jnk

M4a n Exs. Bib.

M8 n Exs. Bib.

see M4↑

class + shape (M22: ). SETY, Gurna 18. Drioton 1940, 313–314 (acrophony < nḥb.t); Fairman 1943, 277, LXI; Faulkner 1981, 173.

class (N35↓: ). Djehuty H2, 9. Darnell 2004, 22, n. 38, 39–40, 53–54; Manassa 2004, 606; Espinel 2010, 333.

ḫ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ɜḫ.t) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 44. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 117 (acrophony, sic.)

š Exs.

consonantal (šɜ). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1B). Djehuty H1, 4, 5; Djehuty H2, 9. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 28, 57. Darnell 2004, 22; Manassa 2004, 606; Espinel 2010, 333.

Bib.

M9 nḥb(.t) Exs.

logogram (Wb II, 294.2–3). Müller-Roth 2008, 146 (7c), 457.

M9.1 + M11 tɜ.wy metonymy (heraldic plants of Upper and Lower Egypt). Exs. SETY, Protocol B; Protocol C. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 3, c.

M Plants

M9.2 ᶜnḫ Exs. Bib.

M12 ḫ Exs. Bib.

119

class (plants with three shoots, M2↑) + rebus / logogram (Wb I, 203–204, a kind of plant) Nefertari. Taterka 2015, 80.

consonantal (ḫɜ). NUT, § 49; 131. Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1B). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 9; 6, nr. 85. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 22. Louvre C65, 27, nr. 79. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 118 (acrophony, sic.); Fairman 1945, 76; Darnell 2004, 22, 68, n. 144; Manassa 2004, 606.

M12 (6 ×) sš sportive: “six ḫɜ-plants” + consonantal (sjs, “six” ~ Coptic ⲤⲞⲞⲨ, Wb IV, 40.7 + M12↑, ḫ) + phonetic (ḫ ~ š) Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 5. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 119.

M13 wḏ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (wɜḏ); also cf. M17↓ NUT, § 64; 127; 130; x + 16. see M17↓

M13 + M127 tɜ.wy metonymy (heraldic plants of Upper and Lower Egypt); also cf. M15↓ + M137 Exs. DAY, 356, 9; 405, 8. RII, Luxor 30 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1A). SETY, Protocol A. Also cf. M9.1↑ + M11. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 3 (c); Drioton 1940, 324–325; Fairman 1945, 100.

M15 ɜḫ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 13.3–6, et al.) RII, Protocols D, E. SETY, Gurna 2. Drioton 1936a, 8–9 (d); Drioton 1940, 310; Gardiner 1957, 481

120

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

ḫ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ɜḫ↑) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 61. Drioton 1933, 45, nr. 120 (from ḫɜ, sic.).

š Exs. Bib.

class + shape (M8↑, plants with three large, rising stalks) / phonetic (ḫ ~ š) RRI IX, 69, 9. Jansen-Winkeln 2007, 113–114, 28.

tɜ.wy Exs. Bib.

class (M13↑ + M127: ) + synecdoche (whole for part). AOTSB, 105, 1. Roberson 2013, 107 (b).

M15 + M137 šmᶜ mḥw metonymy (heraldic plants of southern and northern Egypt; paired with E1↑ = ḥnw.t šmᶜ mḥw, “Mistress of the South and North”). Exs. Nefertari // alternately, read as tɜ.wy↓ Bib. Taterka 2015, 79. tɜ.wy Exs. Bib.

M16 j

// metonymy / class (M13↑ + M127; paired with E1↑ = nb.t tɜ.wy, “Mistress of the Two Lands” + determinatives B23.1↑ [nb.t] and N23 + N23 [tɜ.wy]) // Nefertari; also cf. šmᶜ mḥw↑ see M13↑ + M127.

Exs. Bib.

// class (M17↓ / cryptic M2↑: ); in J(w)nw, perhaps also read as sportive plural: j.w > jw. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 14 (in Jwnw). Louvre C65, 29, nr. 19. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 121 (acrophony).

ḥ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḥɜ). AOTSB, 101, 3 (?). BC, pl. 150, nr. 36 (1, 4) (= WHb, 418, 7). Werning 2008, 144; Roberson 2013, 104 (p).

M17 ɜ Exs. Bib.

phonetic (j ~ ɜ). BSOU, pl. 5C, 8. DAY, 142, 8. Darnell 2004, 74–75; Manassa 2004, 606; Müller-Roth 2008, 147 (7g).

wḏ Exs. Bib.

class (M13↑: ); consonantal (wɜḏ). BG, 193, 1, 2, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). Zeidler 1999, vol. 2, 144; Manassa 2006, 112, 120 (d).

M Plants

121

b Exs. Bib.

class (cryptic M2↑: , b). NIGHT, 153, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, a). Darnell 2004, 9, n. 39; Manassa 2004, 606.

r Exs.

phonetic (j ~ r). AMD, 202, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9; 213, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 11; 217, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10; 382, 3, 5; 397, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12; 442, 3, 5, 6, 11, 12; 435, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11; 446, 1, 5, 6, 8; 447, 3, 5, 6, 8, 11; 539, 2, 5, 9. Fairman 1945, 64 (i); Darnell 2004, 62, n. 120; Werning 2008, 145.

Bib. ḥ(n) Exs. Bib.

class (ḥ: M16↑: ; ḥn: M2↑: ). BC, pl. LXXVIII, nr. 21 (1) (= WHb, 254, 2). BSOU, pls. 18B (first dome, T4); 24, 28; 30, 6 (right). Darnell 2004, 263; Manassa 2004, 606; Werning 2008, 145 (reading: ḥn).

ḫ Exs. Bib.

class (M12↑: ) + consonantal. BSOU, pls. 21, 10, 20; 24, 16; 28A, 5, 10; 28B, 6, 12; 30, 2 (right). Darnell 2004, 68, n. 144; 181, 227; Manassa 2004, 606.

s(w) Exs. Bib.

class (M23↓: ) + consonantal. BSOU, pls. 21, 50; 22B, 4. Darnell 2004, 187–188; Manassa 2004, 607.

M17.1 j Exs. Bib.

class (M17↑: ). BE, 306/4, x + 8. BSOU, pl. 33; Ramesses IX passim. Darnell 2004, 8, 294; Manassa 2004, 607; Roberson 2012, 98.

sw Exs. Bib.

class (M23↓: ). BSOU, pl. 33. see j ↑

M17.1 + M17.1 y see M17.1↑ Exs. BE, 306/4, x + 1, x + 2, x + 10. Bib. see M17.1↑

M17.2 j Exs. Bib.

variant M17.1↑ BC, pl. CXLVIII, nr. 19 (= WHb, 400, 1); CXLIX, nr. 23 (1) (= WHb, 404, 3). see M17.1↑

122

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

M17.2 + M17.2 y variant M17.1↑ Exs. BC, pl. LXX, 1 (= WHb, 264, 2). BE, 305/3, 1; 306/4, x + 19 Bib. see M17.1↑

M17.3 j Exs. Bib.

variant M17↑ BSOU, pl. 9B, 8, 9. see M17.1↑

M18 jn Exs. Bib.

class (walking objects, W25↓: ). Sethe 1908, 10*. Darnell 2004, 75–76, n. 186; Manassa 2004, 607.

M22 j Exs. Bib.

class (tall plants, M17↑: ). BE, 305/3, 1. Roberson 2012, 98.

M23 j Exs. Bib.

class (M17↑: ). DAY, 331, 7. Müller-Roth 2008, 335, nr. 314.

rsj Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (part for whole, M24: ). AOTSB, 79, 6; 82, 4. NIGHT, see s↓ Roberson 2013, 79 (a).

s Exs. Bib.

consonantal (sw). NIGHT, 153, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, j). Drioton 1942, 90, 99, No 76.

M29 ḥ Exs. Bib.

shape (V28↓: ). BSOU, pl. 20, 1, 4 (right). Darnell 2004, 233; Manassa 2004, 607.

M Plants

M31 rd Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 462–463). BG, 200 (bottom), 1, 2, 3, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). Manassa 2006, 135.

M31.1–3 , , variants M31↑

M44 srt Exs. Bib.

rebus (Wb IV, 190–191). Djehuty H1, 4. Espinel 2010, 333.

tp Exs. Bib.

shape + phonetic (jdb, N21↓: ); shape / class (sharp things, T8: ). AOTSB, 89, 2. BC, pl. LX, 5 (see N35a↓) Klotz 2012b, 23, n. 22; Roberson 2013, 90–91 (d).

dwɜ(?) shape (X8: ) + consonantal back-formation (dj > dwɜ). Exs. NUT, § 30 (uncertain). Bib. Klotz 2011a, 481.

M105 j Exs. Bib.

class (M17↑: ). BC, pl. CXLVI, nr. 2 (1) (= WHb, 374, 2). see M17↑

M105 + M105 y class (M17 + M17↑: ). Exs. BC, pl. CXLVI, nr. 1 (1) (= WHb, 374, 3). Bib. see M17↑

M107 Ideogram: [Underworld begins] Exs. BE, 132 (fig. 5.1, bottom left). Bib. Roberson 2012, 98 and n. 262, 134 and nn. 45–48. M112 ḫ Exs. Bib.

part for whole (M12↑: ). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1B). Fairman 1945, 76; Darnell 2004, 22; Manassa 2004, 606.

123

124

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

M127 + M13 see M13↑ + M127. M134 ḥɜ Exs. Bib.

class / part for whole (M16: AOTSB, 65, 5, 6. Roberson 2013, 74 (r).

M134.1 ḥɜ variant M134↑

M137 + M15 see M15↑ + M137

M139 Determinative: bj.tj Heraldic plants of LE. Exs. SETY, Protocol A. Bib. see A45↑

M140 Determinative: njsw.t Heraldic plants of UE. Exs. SETY, Protocol A. Bib. see A43↑

).

N Earth, sky, and water N1 p(w) Exs.

Bib.

consonantal (p.t). AMD, 435, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11. BG, 197, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). DAY, 126, 1, 2, 3, 4; 175, 1/Ga; 281, 1. NIGHT, 152, 4, 5 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, d); 154, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 5, e); 155, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 9, a, § 10, d). Drioton 1942, 105, Nos 4, 71, 89, 106, 112B, 114; Darnell 2004, 8, n. 30; Manassa 2004, 607; Manassa 2006, 132 (c); Müller-Roth 2008, 457.

n Exs. Bib.

). shape + class (N35↓: AOTSB, 65, 4. Roberson 2013, 68–69 (f).

ḥr(j) Exs.

logogram (Wb III, 133–136). AMD, 348, 2, 3, 4, 7; 351, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10; 382, 3, 5, 7, 11, 12; 352, 7; 424, 1, 2 (2 ×), 3, 4, 5 (2 ×); 432, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8; 445, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11; 696, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9; 792, 1, 2, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×); and passim. AOTSB, 93, 4; 105, 4. DAY, 171, 1; 281, 1. shape (R4↓: ). AMD, 432, 2 (“sic”). AOTSB, 89, 1. Roberson 2013, 91 (f).

ḥtp Exs. Bib.

N1 + N8 wbn direct (sun “rising” above sky); logogram (Wb I, 292–293) Exs. DAY, 142, 1, 2. Bib. Drioton 1942, 102, No 28.

N1 + C98a nb p.t see C98a↑ + N1. N1 + N33a tɜ class + shape (N16: ). Exs. NIGHT, 153, 3 (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, b). Bib. Roberson 2020b, nn. 89–90.

N3b kkw Exs. Bib.

class (N46b: ) + logogram (Wb V, 142–144). NIGHT, 154, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 5, e). Roberson 2020b, nn. 125–130.

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-014

126 N5 jr(t)

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

Bib.

// thematic (jr.t, “eye,” and jrw, “form,” of the sun); shape (D12↑: ) / part ) + consonantal back-formation (rᶜ); cf. r↓ for whole (D4↑: AMD, 286, 7; 558, 6; 686, 7; 689, 7; 807, 2. BG, 198, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text J); 200 (bottom), 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). see D12↑

wbn Exs. Bib.

class (N8↑: ). DAY, 128, 6 (2 ×). Müller-Roth 2008, 457.

Exs.

wnw.t logogram (Wb I, 316–317). Exs. BSOU, pl. 24, 28; 25, 41 (= 5, middle). Bib. Darnell 2004, 4; Manassa 2004, 607. m Exs. Bib.

direct (sun as the mr.t, “eye” of the solar deity, Wb II, 107.10–13, dets. ) + consonantal // shape + consonantal (cryptic D12↑, mɜɜ). Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 15, 18; 29, nr. 40. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 122.

n Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic D12↑) Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 27, 60; 28, nr. 3; 29, nr. 33. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 122.

r Exs. Bib.

consonantal (rᶜ); cf. also D12↑; as phonetic complement, cf. also M4↑ + N5 Louvre C65, 26, nr. 18. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 122.

ḥrj Exs. Bib.

// direct (“he who is above”). AMD, 356, 2, 3 (3 ×), 5 (3 ×), 6 (3 ×). Hornung 1963, 83, nrs. 280–282 (without comment).

ḥḏ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb III, 206–208). BSOU, pl. 21, 22. Darnell 2004, 181; Manassa 2004, 607.

ḫ Exs. Bib.

shape (Aa1↓: ). BG, 199, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text I). Manassa 2006, 127 (a).

ḫnt Exs. Bib.

// logogram + consonantal (ḫnt.t, a goddess associated with Re, Wb III, 286.14). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 33. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 122 (mechanism unknown).

t Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic D12↑) Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 18, 27. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 122.

,

N Earth, sky, and water

127

N5 + N5 mɜɜ shape (D12↑ + D12: ) // thematic (the solar disc ~ eye of Horus, in a speech of Horus to the Damned); also cf. H16↑ + H16. Exs. AMD, 785, 7. Bib. see D12↑ + D12.

N5 + E22 m ẖrt hrw see E22↑ + N5. N5 + E23 rᶜ-nb see E23↑ + N5. N6 psḏ Exs.

// shape + class (N9: ). BC, pl. 4, 4 (= WHb, 10, 1); XCL, 8 (2 ×) (= WHb, 308, 25).

N6b njsw.t-bj.tj metonymy (paired uraei = emblems of dual kingship). Exs. RII, Protocol E. Djehuty H2, 8. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 10–11 (f); Espinel 2010, 318 (aa), 333. N8 ɜḫ Exs. Bib.

logogram (jɜḫw, Wb I, 33.3–5) + consonantal. BG, 197, 1, 2, 3, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text L); 200 (bottom), 1, 2, 3, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). Louvre C65, 29, nr. 16. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 123; Manassa 2006, 112.

wbn Exs.

logogram (Wb I, 292–293). BG, 198, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text N).

ḥḏ(w) logogram (Wb III, 206–208). Exs. AMD, 374, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12. Bib. Hornung 1963, 88.

N8 + N1 see N1↑ + N8.

128 N11 ḥrj Exs. Bib. N14 nṯr Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

sportive (moon ~ “that which is above”); also cf. N62↓ Urk. IV, 48, 15. Seidlmayer 1991, 325 (e).

metonymy (emblem of divinity) // note: value only otherwise attested from Greco-Roman period (Wb, II, 358); for a less problematic derivation, cf. sb↓ DAY, 126, 1 (3 ×=nṯr.w), 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×); 175, 1/Ga (4 ×); 281, 1 (4 ×). NIGHT, 152, 4, 5 (note: reading excluded on syntactic grounds; cf. sb↓) Drioton 1942, 103, Nos 3, 70, 113, 127; Müller-Roth 2008, 457; for caveats, cf. Roberson 2020b, nn. 31–32.

ḫᶜj Exs. Bib.

direct (“rising” star). SETY, Protocol B. Abydos 1, 1 (= Lurson 2017, 227–228, a; cf. also dj↓). Drioton 1936a, 5 (a).

sb Exs.

logogram (sbɜ, Wb IV, 82–83) + consonantal. NIGHT, 152, 4, 5 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, c). Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 18 (in msb ~ msw, “bring,” Wb II, 125, Dyn. 18, as rebus for msw, “child”). DAY, probably also examples cited as nṯr↑ Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 124 (reading s, by acrophony); Roberson 2020b, nn. 33–36.

Bib.

sk Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb IV, 311.7–9). Djehuty H2, 9 (?). MMA Palette, 17, nr. 80. Espinel 2010, 318 (ae), 333 (author’s alternate interpretation as s < sbɜ is implausible, demanding recourse to acrophony; cf. sb↑).

dj Exs. Bib.

direct (djw, “five”) + consonantal. Abydos 1, 1 (= Klotz 2012b, 24, a; cf. also ḫᶜj↑). Klotz 2012b, 24 (a).

N16 n Exs. Bib.

shape; class (N35↓: ). BSOU, pl. 30, 6 (right). Darnell 2004, 203, n. 162, 261, n. 404; Manassa 2004, 608.

s Exs.

); cf. also N18↓: shape (O34↓: AMD, 597, 3, 10.

t Exs.

consonantal (tɜ). BSOU, pls. 5C, 22; 14, 3 (bottom); 23, 28. Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pls. 1B, 1C). Darnell 2004, 22, n. 35; Manassa 2004, 608.

Bib.

.

N Earth, sky, and water

129

N17 variant N18↓

N17 + N21 + Z1 t consonantal (tɜ). Exs. BE, 303/1, x + 4. Bib. Roberson 2012, 98 and n. 263.

N17 + C98a nb p.t see C98a↑ + N17. N18 ɜḫ.t Exs. Bib.

class (N27↓: ). AOTSB, 101, 2 (2 × = dual). BC, pl. CXLV, 5, 7 (= WHb, 468, 19). Roberson 2013, 103–04 (o).

w Exs. Bib.

class (N18↓) + consonantal (jw). NIGHT, 153, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, g, n. 105, reading n↓). Darnell 2004, 54.

j Exs. Bib.

consonantal (jw). BSOU, pl. 23, 43. Fairman 1945, 68; Darnell 2004, 204; Manassa 2004, 608

b

class (N21↓: ) // shape (F18: ) + logogram (bjɜ, Wb I, 436, 439.6–8) + consonantal; also cf. N18 + N21 + Z1↓ BC, pl. LXII, 1 (= WHb, 236, 18); pl. CL, nr. 37 (= WHb, 418, 8). Darnell 2004, 256–57; Manassa 2004, 608; Werning 2008, 138 (reading as D210↑) and 145.

Exs. Bib.

m Exs. Bib.

class + shape (N36↓: ) + consonantal (mj). BSOU, pl. 4C. Darnell 2004, 39–40, 52–54; Manassa 2004, 608.

n Exs. Bib.

). shape + class (N35↓: NIGHT, 153, 3, 4 (2 ×) (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, f–g; also cf. w↑ and r↓) Darnell 2004, 21, n. 31; Manassa 2004, 608; Roberson 2020b, n. 105.

r Exs.

) + phonetic (jw ~ r). shape (D21: NIGHT, 153, 3, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, f; also cf. n↑)

s Exs.

shape (O34↓: AMD, 597, 6.

); cf. also N16↑

130

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

š Exs. Bib.

shape + class (N37↓). DAY, 293, 4. // Note: cryptic value unnecessary in context. Read as jw. Drioton 1942, 96, 100, No 130; Darnell 2004, 39–40 and n. 12; cf. MüllerRoth 2008, 295, 4a (reading: conventional value, as jw).

t Exs.

consonantal (tɜ↓). BC, pl. CL, nrs. 36 (RVI) (= WHb, 418, 7), 37 (= WHb, 418, 8). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 9.

tɜ Exs. Bib.

). shape + class (N16↑: BSOU, pl. 4, C. DAY, 143, 4. Darnell 2004, 52 (b)–54 (but note preferred reading as w); Müller-Roth 2008, 458.

N18 + N21 + Z1 jw rebus (Wb I, 47.6–11). Exs. NIGHT, 153, 3, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, f; also cf. b↓); 153, 5 (= Roberson 2020b, § 5, a). Bib. Drioton 1942, 91, 103, No 85. b Exs. Bib.

, b + determinatives. Cryptic N18↑: NIGHT, 153, 3, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, f; also cf. jw↑). See N18↑: , b.

N18 + Z1 variant N18 + N21 + Z1↑ N18 + N33a t class (N16↑: ) + consonantal (tɜ). Exs. AOTSB, 65, 7, 8. Bib. Fairman 1945, 78; Roberson 2013, 74 (q). N18 + Z2 t class / variant N18 + N33a↑ Exs. AOTSB, 65, 5, 6. Bib. see N18 + N32↑ N19 ɜḫ.tj

Dual construction with N.18↑

N21 jwf Exs.

// shape (F51↑: ). AMD, 446, 6.

N Earth, sky, and water

131

m Exs. Bib.

) + consonantal (mr). class (N36↓: Khaemhat, 4, nr. 3; 5, nrs. 51, 59, 68; 7, nr. 117. Drioton 1933a, 10, 41, nr. 80 (acrophony); Darnell 2004, 52–54; Manassa 2004, 608.

tp Exs. Bib.

logogram (jdb, Wb I, 153.2) + consonantal + phonetic NUT, § x + 75. Klotz 2011a, 483; Werning 2004, 198 (reading: dp).

N21 + N17 + Z1 see N17↑ + N21 + Z1 N23 p Exs. Bib. N25 ḏw Exs. Bib.

// shape (Q3↓: ). BC, pl. LXII, 4 (= WHb, 236, 19). Darnell 256–257, n. 384.

class (N26↓: ). BC, pls. LXII, 1 (= WHb, 236, 18; MLEU, pl. 288A, 6). BSOU, pls. 30, 3 (right) (2 ×); 30, 2 (left). RRI IX 69, 5 (in wnḏw). Drioton 1942, 101, Nos 5, 72, 81, 115; Darnell 2004, 242–42; Manassa 2004, 609.

N25 + N25 jmn.tj logogram (jmn.t, Wb I, 86–87) + written twice, as false dual/nisbe construction. Exs. NIGHT, 153, 3, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, d). N26 m Exs. Bib. mn Exs. Bib. mr Exs. Bib.

consonantal (mn↓) Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 9. see mn↓ logogram (Wb II, 64.13–15, Dyn. 19/20; also cf. mn.t, Wb II, 69.3–6, in dual, Greco-Roman). Louvre C65, 30, nr. 62. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 125 (< mn.t); Fairman 1943, 236, nr. 239 (e) (< mn.t). class (N25↑: ) + logogram (mrw, Wb II, 109.5–8) // consonantal backformation (m↑) Louvre C65, 28, nrs. 6, 9. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 125.

132

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

ḫɜs.t Exs. Bib.

class (N25↑: ). Djehuty H1, 1 (?). Drioton 1942, 100, No 118; Espinel 2010, 333.

t Exs.

consonantal (ḏw) + phonetic (ḏ ~ t). BC, pl. CXLVI, nr. 5 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 380, 4: reading d↓). BG, 193, 2, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). Manassa 2006, 118 (a)–119.

Bib. d Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḏw) + phonetic (ḏ ~ d). AMD, 661, 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9. BC, pl. CXLVI, nr. 5 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 380, 4). Louvre C65, 27, nr. 63. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 125; Fairman 1945, 65 (b), 78–79; Werning 2004, 189; Werning 2008, 145.

N26 + A87 nḏ see A87↑ + N26. N27 jw Exs.

class (N18↑: ). NIGHT, 152, 4, 5 (= Roberson 2020b, § 1, g).

N28 ḫ Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḫᶜj). Djehuty H1, 4 (?). Espinel 2010, 334.

N29 ḫnt Exs. Bib.

shape (F63↑: ). AOTSB, 101, 2. Roberson 2013, 103 (k); also see F63↑

N31 ḥm Exs.

shape (N41: , high corners, central depression). NUT, § 155 (in ḥmsj).

ḥr Exs.

shape (N1↑: ). AMD, 358, 2, 3, 7, 9, 11, 12; 362, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12; 376, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12; 399, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 11; 470, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10; 563, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11; 597, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10; 626, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10; 630, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10; 655, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6, 8 (2 ×); 696, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9; 709, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×); 710, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6, 7, 8 (2 ×); 711, 1, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×); and passim. AOTSB, 101, 2. BC, pls. XII,

N Earth, sky, and water

Bib.

N32 w Exs. Bib.

133

4 (= WHb, 50, 7); XIII, 3 (= WHb, 54, 43); XV, 3 (= WHb, 64, 1) ; XXII, 6 (= WHb, 90, 18); XXIII, 2 (= WHb, 92, 24); XLV, 6 (= WHb, 186, 12); XLVI, 2, 6 (= WHb, 188, 5, 9); XLVII, 8 (2 ×) (= WHb, 194, 6); LXXVII, nrs. 14 (1, 2, 3) (2 × each) (= WHb, 248, 1), 15 (1, 2, 3) (2 × each) (= WHb, 248, 2), 16 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 248, 3); LXXVII, nr. 17 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) (= WHb, 248, 4); LXXIX, nr. 30 (1, [2], 3) (2 × each) (= WHb, 274, 3); CXV, 2 (= WHb, 358, 10); CXL, 9 (= WHb, 450, 36); CXLIV, 9 (= WHb, 470, 8); CXLV, 5, 7 (= WHb, 468, 19); CXLVII, nr. 10 (= WHb, 390, 4). BE, 176, 2 (bottom, cursive); 304/2, 3. NIGHT (RLdN2), 83 (nr. 2), 2; 84 (nr. 2), 4; 108 (nr. 17), 2; 167, 1. NUT, § 152; x + 6; x + 13; x + 61. Djehuty H2, 7. Louvre C65, 30, nr. 47. Drioton 1933a, 45, nr. 126; Hornung 1967, 84 (284); Darnell 2004, 66–67; Werning 2008, 146; Espinel 2010, 334; Roberson 2012, 98 and n. 264, 176, n. 327 (cursive variant); Roberson 2013, 103–04 (o).

shape (Z7↓: ). AOTSB, 105, 1. Roberson 2013, 109 (g), n. 523.

N34a? tp // shape (D153: ); part for whole (D1: ). Exs. BC, pl. LX, 8 (= WHb, 236, 15: reading dp). N35 jwtj Exs. Bib.

back-formation < negative arms (jwtj, D35↑: ) as writing of n. AMD, 357, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 12; 378, 2, 3, 5, 9, 11, 12. Hornung 1963, 83 (nrs. 280–282, without comment).

ᶜnḏ Exs. Bib.

shape (V26: ). NUT, § x + 7. Vikentiev 1943, 128–129.

bj.tj Exs. Bib.

back formation < red crown (bj.tj, S3↓: ) as writing of n. AOTSB, 65, 2. Roberson 2013, 69–70 (h); also see S.3↓

r

hieratic (D21: ) // note: similarity evident mainly in ligatures, cf. Möller 1927, 66, nr. XXIX, Petoere, Harris Th.: , [ ] vs. ibid, nr. XXX: , [ ]. BSOU, pl. 30, 4. NIGHT, 153, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 3, a) Darnell 2004, 9, n. 39; Manassa 2004, 609.

Exs. Bib.

134

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

t Exs. Bib.

consonantal (tɜ↓). BG, 192, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text A). NUT, § 30 (uncertain). Darnell 2004, 9, n. 39; Manassa 2004, 609; Manassa 2006, 115 (c)–116, n. 51; Klotz 2011a, 481.

tɜ Exs. Bib.

shape; class (N16↑: ). AOTSB, 110, 1. BG, 63, 1, 2, 3, 6. DAY, 281, 1 (3 ×). Müller-Roth 2008, 286 (2a), 459; Roberson 2013, 110–109 (b), and n. 526.

Determinative: bjɜ.t shape (F18: ). Exs. DAY, 143, 1. Bib. Müller-Roth 2008, 458.

N35a m Exs.

Bib. n Exs.

consonantal (mw). AMD, 347, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11; 349, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11; 377, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12. NUT, § 55; 56; 61; 69; 157; § x + 5; § x + 35; § x + 37; § x + 54; § x + 71; § x + 75. Yoyotte 1955, 86–87; Werning 2008, 146.

Bib.

synecdoche (whole for part, N35↑: ). Djehuty H1, 2 (2 ×); Djehuty H2, 1, 2 (2 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6 (4 ×), 8 (3 ×), 9. Espinel 2010,308 (d.1), 334 (as “substitution of shape”).

N36 wɜ.t Exs. Bib.

class + shape (N31↑: Djehuty H1, 3. Espinel 2010, 334.

m Exs. Bib.

n Exs. Bib.

).

consonantal (mr). AMD, 371, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. AOTSB, 97, 1; 110, 1. BSOU, pl. 5B, 20. NUT, § 54. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 38, 56. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 128; Fairman 1945, 62 (i); Werning 2008, 146; Roberson 2013, 100 (h). ) / phonetic (m↑) / logogram + consonantal (nwj, Wb II, class (N35↑: 221.4–18). Djehuty H1, 2 (2 ×); Djehuty H2, 1, 2 (2 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6 (4 ×), 8 (3 ×), 9. Khaemhat, 5, nr. 62. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 55; 27, nr. 73; 30, nr. 58. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 128; Espinel 2010, 311 (u), 334.

N Earth, sky, and water

š Exs. Bib.

135

). class (N37↓: Djehuty H1, 2. Espinel 2010, 309 (g), 334.

Determinative: ḏ.t ). class (N18↑: Exs. AOTSB, 105, 1. Bib. Roberson 2013, 109 (h). N36 + D36 m see D36+N36↑ N37 j Exs. Bib.

class (N18↑: ) +consonantal (jw↓). BSOU, pl. 9A, 25. Darnell 2004, 39–40, 52–54; Manassa 2004, 609.

jw Exs. Bib.

class (N18↑: ). BSOU, pl. 4B. Darnell 2004, 39–40; Manassa 2004, 609.

p Exs. Bib.

shape (Q3↓: ). BG, 193, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). Darnell 2004, 21, n. 31; Manassa 2004, 609; Manassa 2006, 112.

m Exs. Bib.

); consonantal (mr). shape + class (N36↑: BSOU, pl. 15 (mummiform deity in barque); 22A (left). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 53. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 129; Darnell 2004, 39–40, 52–54; Manassa 2004, 609.

n Exs. Bib.

class (N35↑: ). BSOU, pl. 18A (second dome, B3). Darnell 2004, 39–40, 170, n. 31; Manassa 2004, 609.

ḥtp Exs. Bib.

shape (X4↓: ) + logogram (“offering” loaf, Wb III, 183.9–12) / shape (R4↓: ). DAY, 143, 4 (3 ×). Müller-Roth 2008, 15 (16b).

ḫ Exs.

phonetic (š ~ ḫ < ẖ↓). MMA palette, 16, nr. 50.

ẖ Exs.

phonetic (š ~ ẖ). AMD, 124, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7. BC, pl. LXIII, 1 (= WHb, 238, 27); CXLIX, nr. 25 (P, O) (?) (= WHb, 410, 1); MLEU, pl. 288B (CG), 3. BSOU, pls. 5C, 8; 7A, 1; 7B, 1; 8, 8; 9A, 4; Tutankhamun and Ramesses VI passim. Fairman 1945, 76; Darnell 2004, 34; Manassa 2004, 610; Werning 2008, 146.

Bib.

136 s Exs.

Bib. ṯ Exs.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

phonetic (š ~ s) // synecdoche (part for whole, cryptic S28: ). AMD, 372, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12; 561, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9; 597, 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5, 7, 8 (2 ×), 10; 627, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10; 776, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; 779, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. BC, pl. LXXIII, 3, 4, 5 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXVI, nr. 2 (= WHb, 240, 1); LXXVII, nr. 12 (2) (= WHb, 246, 3); LXXIX, nr. 28 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 274, 1); CXLVII, nr. 14 (1) (= WHb, 396, 1). BG, 193, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). BSOU, pls. 4B; 4C; 7A, 6; 7B, 3; 15 (Isis in the barque); 24, 28. Fairman 1945, 65 (c); Darnell 2004, 53; Manassa 2004, 610; Werning 2008, 131, 146. ). shape (V13↓: BC, LXXVII, nr. 16 (2, 3) (= WHb, 148, 3).

N37 + Z1a ẖ variant N37↑: Exs. BE, 305/3, 2. Bib. see N37↑

.

N38 ẖ Exs. Bib.

phonetic (š↓ ~ ẖ). BE, 307/5, 2. see š↓

š Exs. Bib.

). class (N37: BE, 304/2, 2, 14. Darnell 2004, 53, n. 85; Roberson 2012, 98 and n. 265.

? Exs. Bib.

unknown. BE, 304/2, x + 12, x + 13. see š↑

N62 ḥrj Exs. Bib.

sportive (moon ~ “that which is above”); also cf. N11↑ Frankfurt palette. Seidlmayer 1991, 321, 325–327 (e).

N124 mry Exs. Bib.

class (pools, canals, N36: SETY, Gurna 5. Drioton 1940, 311.

).

O Buildings and their parts O1 p

Bib.

consonantal (pr // note: derivation questinable; on analogy with other words exhibiting final weak –r, cf. strong value in Coptic reflexes SⲠⲢⲢⲈ, SⲠⲈⲒⲢⲈ, B ⲪⲒⲢⲒ, Wb I, 518) // shape (Q3↓: / cryptic O4↓: ). AOTSB, 101, 1, 2. BG, 193, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). BSOU, pls. 7B, 1; 23, 74. Darnell 2004, 88; Manassa 2004, 610; Roberson 2013, 102 (f), nn. 480–481.

h Exs. Bib.

class + shape (O4↓: ). BE, 304/2, 12 (?); 306/4, x + 8, x + 19. Roberson 2012, 99 and n. 266.

Exs.

O1.1 variant O1↑ O4 p Exs. Bib.

class (O1↑: ); consonantal (pr, but cf. comments in O1↑); shape (Q3↓: ). BSOU, pl. 30, 5, 6 (right). Darnell 2004, 263, n. 410; Manassa 2004, 610.

O4b wsḫ Exs. Bib.

class + shape (O13a: ) MMA Palette, 17, nr. 59. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 130.

O6 p Exs. Bib.

class (O1↑: ) + consonantal; shape / synecdoche (whole for part, Q3↓: ). Hintze and Reineke 1989, 160, nr. 529. Darnell 2004, 2, n. 7; Manassa 2004, 610.

ḥr Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ḥw.t) + phonetic (ḥw ~ ḥr). SETY, Gurna 10. RII, Luxor unnumbered (2 ×). Drioton 1940, 311; Boraik 2008, 134.

O6 + A40 see A40 + O6↑. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-015

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O6 + A93 see A93 + O6↑.

O6 + A296b see A296b.1 + O6↑.

O6 + S55 pr-mḏɜ.t ) + logogram (mḏɜ.t, “medjat-crown,” for references, see class (O1: Bib.↓). Exs. Abydos 1, 2 (= Lurson 2017, 227; cf. determinative↓). Bib. Lurson 2017, 230 (k.2), and n. 27; for additional examples of the S55-crown with the value mḏɜ(.t), as both logogram and rebus, see Gabolde 2015, 168– 169. Determinative: ḏnj.t class (S3↓); consonantal (ḥw.t + bj.tj > ḥb ~ W3: Exs. Abydos, 1, 2 (= Klotz 2012b, 24; cf. pr-mḏɜ.t↑). Bib. Klotz 2012b, 25 (h).

, as determinative).

O6 + V15 + N16 ẖnw antonomasia (Iṯ-Tɜ.wy = the “residence (ẖnw)” during the Middle Kingdom, Wb I, 150.6; III, 368.18, 369.18–19). Exs. NUT, § 55; 56; 61; 69; 157; x + 5; x + 37; x + 54; x + 71; x + 75. Bib. Vikentiev 1943, 119; Fairman 1945, 105, n. 2.

O18 pr Exs. Bib.

class (O1: , a “house” for a divine image) Louvre C65, 28, nr. 12. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 131.

ḫm Exs. Bib.

class (O20: , shrines) + logogram (Wb III, 280.10–12). AMD, 594, 1, 2. Werning 2008, 147.

O20 šty.t Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb IV, 559.3–21). SETY, Protocol B. Drioton 1936a, 6 (i).

O Buildings and their parts

139

O20.1 + X1 ḥw.t class + shape (O6↑: ). Exs. RII, Protocol D. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 9 (i).

O25 mn Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 60.6–11, Dyn. 19 and later). SETY, Protocols A, B, C. AOTSB, 70, n. 336; 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). KRI II, 613, 1. Drioton 1936a, 3 (e); Étienne-Fart 1994, 138; Roberson 2013, 117 (l), n. 552; Taterka 2015, 77.

O28 ᶜn Exs. Bib.

phonetic (jwn ~ ᶜn). NUT, § 49; 131. Klotz 2011a, 482.

O29 ᶜr Exs. Bib.

phonetic (ᶜɜ ~ ᶜr). AMD, 260, 2. Darnell 2004, 186, n. 99; Manassa 2004, 610.

O34 f Exs. Bib.

shape (I9↑: ). BSOU, pl. 30, 1, 6 (right). Darnell 2004, 231–32; Manassa 2004, 610.

ḥtp Exs. Bib.

shape (R4↓: ); also cf. Y1↓ BG, 197, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). see Y1↓

O35 s Exs. Bib.

O36a m Exs. Bib.

consonantal (sj) / synecdoche (whole for part, O34↑: ). BC, pls. LX, 5, 7, 8 (= WHb, 236, 15); LXII, 1, 2, 3 (2 × each) (= WHb, 236, 17– 18; MLEU, pl. 288A, 6). BSOU, pl. 30, 3 (right). Fairman 1945, 77; Darnell 2004, 240; Manassa 2004, 611; Werning 2008, 147.

// shape (Y5: ) + consonantal (mn). Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 19. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 21, 45; 29, nr. 37. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 134 (acrophony); for m(n), see Fairman 1943, 247, nr. 313.

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(m)-ẖnw ) + logogram (Wb III, 368–372). class (O1: Exs. BC, pl. LXX, 2, 3 (= WHb, 264, 2). Bib. Werning 2008, 132 (5), 147. O38 q Exs. Bib.

shape (triangular corners, N29↑: ). BE, 339/28, 5. Werning 2008, 147; Roberson 2012, 99 and n. 267.

Ideogram: [Underworld begins] ). class + shape (corner of building, sky, N44: Exs. BE, 132 (fig. 5.1, bottom left). Bib. Roberson 2012, 98 and n. 262, 134 and nn. 45–48. O39 jnr Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 97.12–18). RII, Luxor unnumbered. Boraik 2008, 134–135.

š Exs. Bib.

). shape (N37↑: Djehuty H2, 7. Espinel 2010, 334.

O41 t Exs. Bib.

direct (stairs as “ground” for the feet, tɜ-rd.wy, Wb V, 226.2–4) + consonantal (tɜ) Louvre C65, 29, nr. 42. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 135.

O41 jᶜr Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 41.14–24). BSOU, pl. 5B, 21. Darnell 2004, 63–64; Manassa 2004, 611.

O42 š Exs. Bib.

// in wpš: confusion from the Hieratic (N37: ); cf. Möller 1927, 30, nr. 335, Harris: [N37] vs. ibid., 33, nr. 368, Harris: [O42]. DAY, 282, 7, 8. Note: cryptic value unnecessary; read in conText as sšp, “shine” (Wb IV, 282–283); also see comments for D60↑ Drioton 1942, 99, No 124 (acrophony < šsp); Müller-Roth 2008, 288 (10b), 458 (acrophony).

O Buildings and their parts

O44 jɜ.t Exs. Bib.

// logogram (Wb I, 29.7–11) Louvre C65, 26, nr. 9; 28, nr. 5. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 136 (reading y / j only, by acrophony).

O48 mɜ Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic D12↑: ). AMD, 116, 11. see D12↑

t Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic D12↑: ). BG, 193, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text C). see D12↑

141

O48.1 Rᶜ shape (N5↑: / cryptic D12↑: ). Exs. AMD, 116, 11. Bib. see generally D12↑ Determinative: Rᶜ ? shape (N5↑: / cryptic D12↑: ). Exs. AOTSB, 101, 3. Bib. Roberson 2013, 104 (p); also see generally D12↑ O49 p Exs.

Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 489.8) / shape (Q3↓: ). DAY, 128, 6; 143, 4. MMA palette, 15, nrs. 3, 6, (= Darnell 2004, pls. 1D, 2 ×); 16, nr. 50; 17, nr. 56. Khaemhat, 6, nr. 78. KRI II, 880, 10. Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1E). Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 138; Satzinger 1985, 32; Darnell 2004, 26 (a), 46; Manassa 2004, 611; Müller-Roth 2008, 131 (10b), 458.

nw Exs. Bib.

shape (W24↓: ); consonantal (njw.t). Djehuty H1, 4, 5. Espinel 2010, 311 (u), 334.

nt Exs. Bib.

consonantal (njw.t). AMD 397, 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12; 593, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7. 8. Werning 2008, 147 (“rebus”).

Rᶜ Exs. Bib.

shape (N5↑: / cryptic D12↑: ). BC: MLEU, pl. 288, 5. Manassa 2007, vol. 1, 406 (without comment); also see generally D12↑

142 t Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

shape (D12↑: ). Djehuty H2, 4, 6. Espinel 2010, 334; also see generally D12↑

O51a Determinative: ḏ.t / N18↑: ). class (N16↑: Exs. AOTSB, 93, 1. Khaemhat, 8, nr. 142. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 139. Roberson 2013, 96, nn. 452–453.

O211 w Exs. Bib.

// class, shape (columns, O29: ) + phonetic (ᶜɜ ~ w; cf. Coptic Ⲟ, Ⲁ-, Wb I, 161.3 ff.). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 28. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 132 (acrophony).

P Ships and their parts P1 ḫt Exs. Bib.

logogram + phonetic (ḫdj, Wb III, 354.9 ff.). Louvre C65, 29, nr. 25. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 140.

P1a jw Exs. Bib.

class (P1: ) + logogram + consonantal (jwj, Wb I, 47.13–15) Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 17. Louvre C65, 28, nr. 10. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 141.

ᶜq Exs. Bib.

logogram (ᶜq / ᶜgɜ, Wb I, 234.22 / 235.9). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 7; 6, nr. 83. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 141.

P2 ḫntj Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb III, 309.3–22). Ramesses II titulary, Luxor (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1A). Darnell 2004, 19; Manassa 2004, 611.

P5 ᶜ Exs. Bib.

direct + consonantal (ᶜɜ, “mast”). Djehuty H1, 1 (?); cf.↓ Espinel 2010, 308 (d.1), 334 (“acrophony,” sic.).

t Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ṯɜw); phonetic (ṯ ~ t). Djehuty H1, 1 (?); cf.↑ see ᶜ ↑

P8 ᶜɜ Exs. Bib.

shape (O29: ). AOTSB, 56, 2; 101, 2. Roberson 2013, 60 (f).

mdw Exs.

// shape (S43↓: ). BG, 196, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text F).

P8.1 ᶜɜ

see P8↑

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m Exs. Bib.

// consonantal (mr↓) Khaemhat, 5, nr. 42. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 143 (acrophony).

mr Exs. Bib.

shape (U23: ) Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 8. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 165.

P11 j Exs.

// shape (M17↑: ). BG, 198, 1, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J).

mn Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 73.13 ff.). Khaemhat, 6, nr. 81. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 144.

ḥtm

thematic + metonymy (stake upon which the Damned are punished in the ḥtmy.t, “Place of Destruction”) + consonantal. BSOU, pl. 8, 5. Manassa 2004, 611.

Exs. Bib.

P18 (or similar) wsḫ.t class (P1: ); logogram (Wb I, 366.3–4). Exs. Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 3 Bib. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 142. P30 wjɜ / dp.t / mᶜnḏ.t logogram (Wb I, 271.8–16, etc.); also cf. E228↑ Exs. Djehuty H1, 3. Also cf. E228↑ Bib. Espinel 2010, 334.

P60b skr (zkr) synecdoche (part for whole, P60: Exs. SETY, Protocol B. Bib. Drioton 1938, 5–6 (g).

P109 wjɜ n Rᶜ see E228↑

); metonymy (barque of Sokar).

P Ships and their parts

P112 wjɜ / dp.t nṯr direct (“barque” + nṯr-fetish). Exs. NIGHT, 153, 5, 6 (= Roberson 2020b, § 5, c, reading wjɜ nṯr). Bib. Drioton 1942, 91, 102, No 87 (reading: dp.t nṯr).

145

Q Domestic and funerary furniture Q1 b Exs. Bib. Q3 j Exs.

// shape (D58: ) Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 6. Drioton 1933a, 46, nr. 145 (acrophony).

// phonetic (r↓ ~ j)? BC, pl. LXVIII, 5 (= WHb, 262, 3). Note: bi-graph j + j = y (variant: M2↑ + M2).

r Exs. Bib.

) + r-mouth for p. back-formation (D21↑: BSOU, pl. 30, 4, 6 (right; also cf. š↓). Darnell 2004, 261 (e); Manassa 2004, 611.

š Exs. Bib.

). shape (N37↑: BSOU, pl. 30, 6 (right; also cf. r↑). Hornung 1979–80, vol. 2, 146; Darnell 2004, 21, n. 31, 262–63, n. 407; Manassa 2004, 611.

Q7 ns Exs. Bib. t Exs. Bib.

logogram + consonantal (ns(r), Wb II, 335.4–10). Louvre C65, 29, nr. 13. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 146. shape (U33: ) + consonantal. DAY, 293, 1, 2. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 20. Darnell 2004, 95 and n. 266; Manassa 2004, 612; Müller-Roth 2008, 294 (1b), 458.

Q7a t

variant Q7↑

Q7e m Exs. Bib.

shape (Z11↓: ) + consonantal (jmj). Djehuty H2, 6. Espinel 2010, 317 (s), 334.

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Q12 ns(w)t Exs. Bib.

logogram (ns.t, Wb II, 321.6–17). RII, Luxor 29 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1A). Drioton 1940, 324–325; Darnell 2004, 18–19 (a).

s Exs. Bib.

class + shape (Q1: ) + consonantal (s.t); also cf. Q.12a↓ RII, Luxor 33 (= Darnell 2004, pl. 1A). Drioton 1940, 325; Darnell 2004, 19–20, (c); Manassa 2004, 612

Q12a s.t Exs. Bib.

class + shape (Q1: ). Djehuty H1, 2. Espinel 2010, 209 (k), 334.

Q18 sḏr Exs. Bib.

part for whole (A55: ); logogram (Wb IV, 390–391). Djehuty H1, 3. Espinel 2010, 334 (“kind and shape”).

R Temple furniture and sacred emblems R3 (or similar) ḥtp class (R4: , tables of offerings) Exs. Louvre C65, 27, nr. 65. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 147. R4 t Exs. Bib. R7 b Exs. Bib. bɜ Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (whole for part: X1↓: ). BC, pl. LXXIV, 9 (= WHb, 276, 4, reading ḥtp). Darnell 2004, 95 (c); Manassa 2004, 612.

consonantal (bɜ↓). BC, pl. CLI, nr. 40 (P) (= WHb, 424, 2). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 4; 5, nrs. 32, 38, 63; 7, nrs. 107, 109; 8, nrs. 130, 132. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 6. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 148 (acrophony, sic.); Werning 2008, 148. logogram (Wb I, 411). AOTSB, 97, 1. BC, pl. CXLVII, nr. 13 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 396, 3); CLI, nr. 39 (P) (= WHb, 424, 1). Werning 2008, 147; Roberson 2013, 99 (f).

R8 + A24 see A24↑ + R8.

R8 + A30 see A30↑ + R8.

R11 s

Exs. Bib. d

Exs. Bib.

metonymy (emblem of Osiris) + consonantal (Wsjr; note: on analogy with other words ending in final weak –r; cf. mr, “love” ~ Coptic ⲘⲈ, Wb II, 98.12, vs. Wsjr, “Osiris” ~ Coptic ⲞⲨⲤⲒⲢⲈ, Wb I, 359.5). Louvre C65, 27, nr. 82. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 149. phonetic + consonantal (ḏd; note: on analogy with other words ending in final weak d; cf. ḏd, “speak” ~ Coptic Ⲱ, Wb V, 618.9 ff., vs. ḏd, “djed pillar” ~ Old Coptic ⲦⲀⲦ, Wb V, 626.9–14). Semna statuette, pillar right side (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 281). Klotz and Brown 2016, 282 (g), n. 86, 301.

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R12 jɜ.t Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

// logogram (Wb I, 26.7) Khaemhat, 7, nr. 118. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 150 (reading y / j only, by acrophony).

R17a + E181 see E181↑ + R17a.

R19 + B1d see B1d↑ + R19.

R20 sfḫ / 7 = determinative: ḏnj.t direct (“seven” petals). Exs. Abydos 1, 2 (= Klotz 2012b, 24–35, h; cf. sš↓). Bib. Klotz 2012b, 24–25 (h). sš Exs. Bib.

metonymy (emblem of the goddess Seshat) + consonantal (sšɜ.t). Abydos 1, 2 (= Lurson 2017, 227; cf. sfḫ↑). Lurson 2017, 229 (i).

R24 m Exs.

phonetic (n ~ m). Abydos 1, 1 (= Klotz 2012b, 24; cf. n↓).

n Exs.

Bib.

consonantal (n.t). Abydos 1, 1 (2 ×) (= Lurson 2017, 227–228, c; cf. m↑); 2 (in smdn.t). RII, Protocols D; E (2 ×); Luxor unnumbered. Djehuty H2, 2. KRI II, 217, 4–6 (6 ×) (Amara West); 613, 1. Khaemhat, 4, nr. 12; 5, nr. 71. Neferrenpet, 21, nrs. 11, 19, 27. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 6, 44; 27, nr. 71; 30, nrs. 54, 57. Semna statuette, front, 1, 2 (3 ×) (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 278); pillar right side (= ibid., 281); body, 1R, 1L (= ibid., 285). Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 151; Drioton 1936a, 9 (e); Fairman 1945, 72; Lurson 2009, 49, n. 15; Espinel 2010, 334; Klotz and Brown 2016, 301.

R26 smɜ(-tɜ.wy) logogram (Wb III, 449.12–13). Exs. AOTSB, 89, 1, 2, 4. Bib. Klotz 2012b, 23, n. 23 (as smɜ); Roberson 2013, 91 (e) (as smɜ-tɜ.wy).

R Temple furniture and sacred emblems

R82a nfr Exs. Bib.

151

metonymy (emblem of Nefertem) + antonomasia (“He who is both nfr and tm,” LGG IV, 221, New Kingdom). KRI II, 613, 1. Drioton 1940, 358 (118, similar spelling at Hibis).

S Crowns, dress, and staves S1 njsw.t metonymy (crown of Upper Egypt). Exs. AOTSB, 65, 1, 2, 3; 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). RII, Luxor pylon (= Kuentz 1971, pl. XXIII, top). Louvre C65, 27, nrs. 65, 79, 84; 29, nr. 30; 30, nr. 52; also cf. S6↓ Bib. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 153; Fairman 1945, 99–100; Roberson 2013, 69–70 (h); Taterka 2015, 77. ḥḏ(.t) logogram (Wb III, 211.3–7) + consonantal. Exs. AMD, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8. AOTSB, 110, 1. Bib. Étienne-Fart 1994, 138; Roberson 2013, 110–11 (b), and n. 525. ḫᶜ

see S1↓ + S3 + S8a.

S1 + S3 + S8a ḫᶜ.w direct (three “crowns”). Exs. RII, Protocol D. Bib. Drioton 1936a, 8 (c).

S1 + A26 f(ɜj) see A26↑ + S1.

S3 bj.tj Exs. Bib.

n Exs.

metonymy (crown of Lower Egypt). AOTSB, 65, 1, 3; 112, 1 (= SETY, Protocol F). RII, Luxor pylon (= Kuentz 1971, pl. XXIII, top). Louvre C65, 30, nr. 55; also cf. S6↓ Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 154; Fairman 1945, 99–100; Étienne-Fart 1994, 138; Roberson 2013, 69–70 (h); Taterka 2015, 77. consonantal (n.t↓) AMD, passim. AOTSB, 61, 1; 65, 1 (2 ×), 2, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5, 7, 8; 93, 1; 97, 1 (4 ×), 2 (4 ×), 3 (4 ×); 101, 1, 2; 110, 1. BC, pl. LX, 1 (= WHb, 236, 11); LXIX, 1 (2 ×), 2 (4 ×) (= WHb, 264, 1–2); LXX, 2 (= WHb, 264, 2); LXXIII, 3, 4, 5 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXIV, 8, 9 (= WHb, 276, 4); LXXVIII, nrs. 17 (1) (= WHb, 248, 5), 21 (1) (= WHb, 254, 2), 25 (1) (= WHb, 262, 2); LXXIX, nr. 33 (3) (= WHb, 276, 2); CXLVI, nrs. 2 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 374, 2), 4 (2, 3) (= WHb, 380, 1); CXLVIII, nrs. 17 (1) (= WHb, 396, 6), 18 (1, 2, 3) (2 × each) (= WHb, 400,

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Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

1), 21 (1) (= WHb, 400, 3); CXLIX, nrs. 24 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 404, 4), 25 (P, O) (?) (= WHb, 410, 1); CLI, nr. 40 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 424, 2). BE, 235 (cenotaph); 286, 1 (top, left); 287, 1 (top, left); 303/1, x + 1, x + 2, x + 6, x + 7; 304/2, 1, 2, 3, 5, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16; 305/3, 1; 306/4, x + 3, x + 5, x + 6, x + 7, x + 18, x + 19; 307/5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6; 313/8, b. BG, 193, 1 (5 ×), 2 (4 ×), 4 (6 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 194, 1 (5 ×), 2 (3 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5, 6 (5 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 195, 1 (5 ×), 2 (5 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (4 ×), 6 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Texts D, G, M); 196, 1 (2 ×), 2, 3, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Texts F, H); 197, 1 (3 ×), 2 (3 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 200 (bottom), 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU passim. DAY, 128, 1, 2, 3; 142, 2; 143, 1, 4; 156, 2; 281, 2 (2 ×); 282, 4; 283, 4; 373, 7; 414, 10; 432, 4; 439, 2. NIGHT, 104, 2, 3, 5; 154, 1 (= Roberson 2020b, § 6, a). Djehuty H2, 4, 5 (2 ×). Cairo stela TR 20/10/17/ 8, 6 (= Selim 2003, 256, r). Khaemhat, 5, nrs. 53, 60. MMA Palette, 15, nrs. 5, 7; 16, nrs. 22, 28. Neferrenpet, 21, nrs. 14, 22, 23, 27. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 19, 25; 27, nrs. 64, 86; 30, nr. 51. Nefertari. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 154; Fairman 1945, 62 (i), 72; Darnell 2004, 41 (a), nn. 21–22; Manassa 2004, 612; Werning 2008, 148; Espinel 2010, 334; Roberson 2012, 99 and n. 268.

n.t Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 198.4–8). BSOU, pls. 9A, 1; 30, 4 (left). Darnell 2004, 104 and n. 316; Manassa 2004, 612.

ḫᶜ

see S1↑ + S3 + S8a

dšr.t Exs.

logogram (Wb V, 493.12–17). AMD, 708, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8. BG, 195, 1, 2, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text M). NUT, § 18. Manassa 2006, 112, 130–31.

Bib.

S6 njsw.t-bj.tj metonymy (double crown of Upper and Lower Egypt). Exs. AOTSB, 105, 1. Louvre C65, 29, nr. 36 (note: crowns paired, separate: also cf. S1↑ and S3↑ Bib. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 155; Fairman 1945, 100; Roberson 2013, 106 (a).

S8 ḫᶜ.w Exs. Bib.

direct (atef, combining features of multiple “crowns”). AOTSB, 105, 1. Roberson 2013, 107 (c).

);

S Crowns, dress, and staves

S8a ḫᶜ

see S1↑ + S3 + S8a.

S9 ḫᶜ (?) Exs. Bib.

direct (type of “crown”). Djehuty H2, 7 (?); also cf. šwy.t ↓ Espinel 2010, 317 (x), 334.

155

šwy.t (?) logogram (Wb IV, 424–425). Exs. Djehuty H2, 7 (?); also cf. ḫᶜ ↑ Bib. Espinel 2010, 317 (x), 334. S12 nb.w Exs. Bib.

rebus (Wb II, 237–240). RII, Protocol E. NUT, § 17. Drioton 1936a, 10 (d).

S20 sᶜḥ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb IV, 49.3–14); part for whole (E31: AMD, 286, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7. Gardiner 1994, 506.

).

Determinative: [sun] shape (N5↑: ). Exs. Djehutyseneb. Bib. Darnell 2004, 2, n. 7; Manassa 2004, 612. S24 ᶜnḏ Exs.

shape (V26: NUT, § x + 5.

).

S28 (m)-ẖnw logogram (ẖn, “tent,” Wb III, 368.1–8). Exs. BC, pl. LXX, 1 (= WHb, 264, 2). Bib. Fairman 1945, 103. ms Exs. Bib.

sportive (m-s, “with s”) // shape (hanging cloth, foxtails, child’s limbs, F31: ~ B3: ). RII, Protocol D. Drioton 1936a, 9 (g).

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Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

ḥ Exs. Bib.

// logogram + consonantal (ḥɜj, Wb III, 13.13–18). Louvre C65, 29, nr. 35. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 157 (acrophony).

ḥbs Exs.

logogram (Wb III, 64–66). AMD, 655, 2. BC, pl. LXXVII, nr. 12 (2) (= WHb, 246, 3); LXXVII, nr. 14 (1, 2, 3) (2 × each) (= WHb, 248, 1). BG, 192, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text A). BSOU, pls. 8, 18; 9A, 22; 12, 8, 24; 14, 2 (bottom); 22A (ram emerging from disc). Darnell 2004, 133 and n. 428; Manassa 2004, 612; Manassa 2006, 112, 115 (a).

Bib. s Exs.

Bib.

S29 j Exs. Bib.

S34 ḥr Exs. Bib.

class / synecdoche (whole for part, S29↓: ). Aksha (= Rodrigo 1985, 69). AMD, 356, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11. AOTSB, 97, 1, 2, 3; 110, 1. BC, pls. LXIX, 1, 2, 3 (= WHb, 264, 1); LXXI, 5, 6 (= WHb, 266, 3); LXXIII, 3, 4 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXIV, 8, 9 (= WHb, 276, 4); LXXVII, nr. 16 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 248, 3); LXXVIII, nrs. 17 (2) (= WHb, 248, 4), 20 (= WHb, 254, 1), 25 (1, 3) (= WHb, 262, 2); LXXIX, nrs. 32 (1, 3) (2 × each) (= WHb, 276, 1), 33 (1, 3) (= WHb, 276, 2); CXXVII, 6, 7 (= WHb, 398, 20); CXLVI, nr. 4 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 380, 1); CXLVIII, nr. 18 (1, 2) (= WHb, 396, 7); CXLVIII, nr. 22 (1, 2, 3) (= WHb, 404, 2). BE, 235, 1; 303/1, x + 4; 304/2, 1, 2, 13; 305/3, 1, 2; 306/4, x + 18, x + 19, x + 20; 307/5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7; 313/8, a, b. BG, 193, 1 (6 ×), 2 (5 ×), 4 (6 ×), 6 (6 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 194, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 196, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text D); 198, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text H); 200 (bottom), 5 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×), 7 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pls. 4B (2 ×); 5B, 3, 6, 11; and passim. Djehuty H2, 3, 5, 6. Khaemhat, 4, nr. 11; 5, nr. 49; 6, nrs. 95, 97. KRI II, 215, 6 (Amara West); 613, 1–2 (Luxor). MMA palette, 15, nr. 10; 16, nrs. 18, 29, 32. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 24, 61; 29, nr. 35. SETY, Gurna 14. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 157 (acrophony); Drioton 1940, 312; Darnell 2004, 42, n. 24; Manassa 2004, 612; Manassa 2006, 112; Espinel 2010, 334; Roberson 2012, 99; Roberson 2013, 99 (g), n. 469.

shape (M17↑: ). BSOU, pl. 13A, 6. DAY, 142, 8 (?). Darnell 2004, 140; Manassa 2004, 613; Müller-Roth 2008, 147 (7g, without comment; reading demands perturbation if not read with normal value, as s).

shape (D2↑ + Z1: ); also cf. V9↓, ḥr. AMD, 751, 9 (“sic”); Amenhotep II passim. Hornung 1987–1994, vii–viii; Darnell 2004, 62, n. 122; Manassa 2004, 613.

S Crowns, dress, and staves

S35 ḫ Exs. ẖ Exs.

157

shape (M12↑: ); consonantal (ḫɜ) / consonantal (šw.t); phonetic (š ~ ḫ). Abydos 1, 1 (= Klotz 2012b, 24; cf. ẖ↓). phonetic (ḫ↑) Abydos 1, 1 (= Lurson 2017, 227, transliterating incorrectly as ḫn(w), for ẖn(w); cf. ḫ↑).

S42 ɜḫ Exs. Bib.

synonymy (ɜḫ, “effective” ~ sḫm, “powerful”); also cf. F12↑ AMD, 118, 3, 5, 7, 9. Werning 2008, 148.

S43 j Exs.

// shape (M17↑: ). BG, 198, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text J).

wdn Exs. Bib.

shape (U32: ) + logogram (Wb I, 390–391). BG, 198, 1, 2, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J). Manassa 2006, 112, 129 (b), nn. 110–111.

tj Exs. Bib.

shape (U33↓: ). AOTSB, 101, 1. Roberson 2013, 102 (e).

S55 mḏɜ.t

see O6 + S55↑

n Exs. Bib.

class (S3↑: ) // synecdoche (part for whole). Djehuty H1, 4. Espinel 2010, 311 (t), 335.

S55 + O6 see O6 + S55↑ S56 k Exs. Bib.

consonantal (kɜ, Wb V, 93.10; kɜɜ, Wb V, 93.10, 101.10–11) Khaemhat, 5, nr. 50. Medinet Habu (Darnell 2004, 361–362, n. 376, and pl. 34B = Drioton 1934, 197). Drioton 1933a, 38, nr. 34 (acrophony, sic.); Fairman 1943, 279, note LXXIV.

158

S57b ḥr Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

sportive (that which is “atop” the head) + consonantal (ḥry) Abydos 1, 1 (= Klotz 2012b, 24); alternately, cf. determinative↓ Klotz 2012b, 24 (c); also cf. Lurson 2017, 227–228 (b), and 231 (reading n, through improbable thematic / acrophonic derivation).

determinative: ḫᶜj // ideogram + rebus (ḫᶜw, “to crown,” Wb III, 241.19 ~ ḫᶜj, “to appear,” Wb III, 239–240; for the reading of the determined word itself, see N14↑). Exs. Abydos 1, 1; alternately, cf. ḥr↑

S77 ṯn Exs. Bib.

part for whole (C18: ) / metonymy (crown of Ta-tjenen) + consonantal (ṯnn). Djehuty H1, 4. Louvre C65, 27, nr. 70. Drioton 1933a, 47, nr. 156; Espinel 2010, 335.

T Warfare, hunting, and butchery T12 r Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ɜr). DAY, 142, 8. Müller-Roth 2008, 458.

T14 r=s (?) class/shape (T13: ) + logogram + rebus (rs, Wb II, 449.8 ff.) Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 12 (?) Bib. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 159 (reading r only, by acrophony). ts Exs. Bib.

logogram + phonetic (ṯs, Wb V, 407.16) Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 22. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 159.

T14 + T14 ṯn // synecdoche (whole for part): paired determinatives (e.g., mtn, Wb II, 170.11–12; mtr, ibid., 171.9 ff.) substituting for single logogram (ṯnj, ibid., 373.1 ff.) + consonantal. Note: possibly also shape substitution for D51 + D51: , with same derivation otherwise (see comments in Gardiner 1957, 513). Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nr. 11. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 159 (reading signs individually as ṯ + n, both by acrophony). T16 nm Exs. Bib.

class (T34: ). DAY, 270, 5. Müller-Roth 2008, 458.

T21a w Exs. Bib.

class (T21: ) + consonantal (wᶜ). Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 27. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 160.

T22 sn Exs. Bib.

rebus. AOTSB, 97, 1; also cf. k↓ and U22.1↓, sn, k. Roberson 2013, 99–100 (g).

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160

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

k Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic F28↑: ); also cf. U22.1↓, sn, k. AOTSB, see sn↑ Werning 2016 (as scribal error).

T22a mdw Exs. Bib.

shape (S43↑: ). BC, pl. LXXVI, nr. 7 (1) (= WHb, 244, 1). Werning 2008, 148; Werning 2011, 244 (1), nn. 1*–1.

T24 ᶜḥ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 213.17–19) Louvre C65, 29, nr. 27. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 161.

ḥm Exs. Bib.

synonymy: fishing net ~ fishing (ḥɜm, Wb III, 31.12–13) + consonantal Louvre C65, 30, nr. 61 (in filiation, ḥm.t=f ) Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 161.

T26 bt ~ b(j).t(j) logogram (jbṯ, Wb I, 64.21; jbṯ.t, ibid., 54.1–2) + phonetic + consonantal Exs. MMA Palette, 15, nr. 15. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 162. T28 p Exs. ḫr Exs. Bib.

// shape (Q3↑: ). BG, 195, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text D). phonetic (ẖ ~ ḫ). BC, pls. LXII, 2, 3 (= WHb, 236, 17). BSOU, pls. 4B; 5A, 4; 5C, 3; and passim. Djehuty H2, 9. Darnell 2004, 42; Manassa 2004, 613; Werning 2008, 148; Espinel 2010, 335.

T30 (or similar) m // class / shape (T34: ) + consonantal / phonetic (nm); also cf. T32↓ Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 23, 26, 36; 27, nrs. 74, 80; 29, nrs. 15, 24. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 163 (acrophony). mds Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 183.1–16). AMD, 356, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12; 367, 2, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12; 383, 3, 4, 5, 7, 12. Werning 2008, 149.

T Warfare, hunting, and butchery

161

dm Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb V, 448–449). AMD, 365, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12. Werning 2008, 149.

ds Exs.

logogram (Wb V, 486–487). AMD, 570, 3, 4, 5; 588, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×), 10; 594, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; 597, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10; 601, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10; 605, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. DAY, 283, 1, 2. Drioton 1942, 95, 103, No 125; Werning 2008, 149.

Bib. T31 sšm Exs.

Bib. T32 m

part for whole (T32: ). AMD, 133, 7 (?); 348, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11; 349, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10; 560, 1, 3 (3 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (3 ×), 8 (3 ×), 9 (2 ×), 10 (2 ×); 561, 1, 3 (5 ×), 4 (5 ×), 5 (5 ×), 8 (5 ×), 9 (3 ×), 10 (2 ×); 562, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8; 563, 3 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 10; 590, 1 (4 ×), 3 (4 ×), 4 (4 ×), 5 (4 ×), 6 (2 ×), 8 (4 ×), 9 (2 ×), 10 (4 ×); 591, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×), 9 (2 ×), 10 (2 ×); 593, 1 (2 ×), 2, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×), 9 (2 ×); 594, 1 (4 ×), 2 (2 ×), 3 (4 ×), 4 (4 ×), 5 (4 ×), 8 (4 ×), 9 (2 ×); 597, 2, 3 (6 ×), 4 (6 ×), 5 (6 ×), 8 (6 ×), 9 (3 ×), 10 (4 ×); 600, 2, 3 (4 ×), 4 (4 ×), 5 (2 ×), 6 (3 ×), 7, 8 (2 ×), 9 (2 ×), 10 (4 ×); 601, 2, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5, 6 (2 ×), 8, 9, 10 (2 ×); 604, 3 (5 ×), 4 (5 ×), 5 (5 ×), 6 (5 ×), 7, 8 (5 ×), 9 (3 ×), 10 (5 ×); 605, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10; 606, 1, 3, 4, 9; 608, 3, 4, 8, 9; 612, 1, 2, 3, 5, 9 (2 ×); 623, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×), 8 (2 ×); 624, 2 (, 3, 4, 5, 8; 625, 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4 (3 ×), 5 (3 ×), 8 (3 ×); 849, 1 (3 ×), 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4, 5 (2 ×). BG, 195, 1, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text G). DAY, 209, 1, 2; also cf. T30↑ Werning 2008, 149.

Exs. Bib.

// synecdoche (whole for part: cryptic T30↑), perhaps also conditioned by shape (G17: ). BSOU, pl. 21, 4. Darnell 2004, 176–77 (without comment); Manassa 2004, 613.

ds Exs. Bib.

class / synecdoche (whole for part, T30↑). AMD 570, 7. see T30↑

U Agriculture, crafts, and professional tools U1 m Exs. Bib.

consonantal (mɜ). Djehuty H1, 2. Espinel 2010, 309 (g), 335.

U21a n Exs. Bib.

consonantal (nw↓) Neferrenpet, 21, nr. 27. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 164.

nw Exs. Bib.

shape + class (U19: ). NIGHT, 154, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 8, b). Drioton 1942, 92, No 102 (without comment).

U22.1 sn Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic T22↑: ). AOTSB, 97, 3; also cf. k↓ see T22↑

k Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic F28: ). AOTSB, see sn↑ Werning 2016 (as scribal error).

U23 ḫsf Exs. Bib.

class / shape (U34: ). DAY, 282, 1. Müller-Roth 2008, 458.

sn Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic T22↑: ). AOTSB, 97, 2; also cf. k↓ see T22↑

k Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic F28: ). AOTSB, see sn↑ Werning 2016 (as scribal error).

U23 + A21a see A21a↑ + U23 https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-021

164

U25 bɜ Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

class / shape (U26: ) + consonantal (wbɜ). AOTSB, 97, 2. Roberson 2013, 99 (f), nn. 465–466.

U26 + O39 (or similar) w // derived perhaps from initial radical w-, common to otherwise unrelated verbs of drilling and boring, re-analyzed as though a separate word or prefix indicating “drilling”: w.bɜ, w.ft, w.hb, w.tn, w.ḏɜ (Wb I, 290, 306, 340, 380, 406)? Exs. Khaemhat, 7, nr. 98; 8, nr. 125. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 166 (acrophony). wbɜ Exs. Bib.

direct / synecdoche (whole for part: wbɜ-drill, drilling into something). Louvre C65, 30, nr. 56. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 166.

ṯ Exs. Bib.

direct / synonymy + consonantal (ṯɜj, “to engrave,” Wb V, 347.11–13, New Kingdom). Louvre C65, 26, nr. 15. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 166.

U33 ḥ Exs. Bib.

shape (V28↓: ). DAY, 210, 3. Müller-Roth 2008, 458.

s Exs.

shape (S29↑: ). NUT, § 69.

t/ṯ Exs.

consonantal (tj) + phonetic (t ~ ṯ). BC, pl. CXLIX, nr. 24 (2 ×) (= WHb, 404, 4); CLI, nrs. 44 (= WHb, 424, 3), 46 (3 ×) (= WHb, 432, 2–3). BSOU, pl. 22c, 13. Khaemhat, 4, nr. 6. Werning 2008, 149.

Bib.

U36 + I10 see I10↑ + U36.

U38 mḫɜ.t Exs.

logogram (Wb II, 130.8–16). BG: MLEU, pl. 96 (Text I), 1, 2.

U Agriculture, crafts, and professional tools

U92 mḫɜ.t Exs. Bib.

165

// synecdoche (part for whole, U38↑: ). BG, 197, 1, 2, 3, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text I); 198, 2, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J). see U38↑

V Rope, fiber, and baskets V1 w Exs. Bib. wɜ Exs.

shape (Z7↓: ). Djehuty H1, 2 (2 ×), 4; Djehuty H2, 3, 7, 8, 9. Espinel 2010, 309 (i), 317 (u), 335.

Bib.

class (V4: ) Semna Statuette, pillar right side (2 ×, in Wɜwɜ.t) (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 281); also cf. Z7↓ Klotz and Brown 2016, 281–282 (g), n. 84, 301; Werning 2008, 151–152.

V2 ɜs Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 20.1–8). BC, p. 57. Werning 2008, 149.

wɜ(t) Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (whole for part, cryptic Z7↓: ). AMD, 354, 9. see Z7↓

sṯɜ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb IV, 351–356). AOTSB, 65, 1, 2, 3, 4. Drioton 1952, 27; Roberson 2013, 66, n. 317.

V4 w Exs. Bib.

V6 mj

Exs. Bib. s Exs. Bib.

consonantal (wɜ). Semna statuette, body, 2R, 2L (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285). Klotz and Brown 2016, 287 (o), 301; also cf. ibid., 287, n. 132, for an alternate reading, by class substitution and logogram, as Wɜwɜ.t).

shape (W19↓: ) // hieratic; cf. Möller 1927, 47, nr. 520, e.g., Lederhs., Pentoere, P.Abbott: , , [V6]; vs. ibid., 45, nr. 509, Lederhs., Pentoere, Nḏm.t: , , [W19] // synecdoche (part for whole: cord supporting milk jar in W19). Djehuty H2, 7 (4 ×), 8, 9 (?). Espinel 2010, 335. consonantal (šs) + phonetic (š ~ s) // class + shape + consonantal (V17: , sɜ) or class (cryptic S28↑: ) Djehuty H2, 3, 4 (3 ×), 5, 9, (2 ×?). Khaemhat, 5, nr. 58. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 168; Espinel 2010, 335; Gardiner 1994, 522 (interchange of V6 and S28 as determinatives, from Dyn 19; also cf. cryptic interchange with V17↓, šn).

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Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

V9 jr Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic D12↑: ). BSOU, pl. 18A (right, beneath dome); also cf. ḥr↓ Darnell 2004, 171–72, n. 35; 339–40; Manassa 2004, 613.

ᶜn Exs. Bib.

logogram (ᶜn.t, Wb I, 188.8–9) + consonantal. BSOU, pls. 7B, 1; 23, 45. Darnell 2004, 88–89; Manassa 2004, 613.

r Exs. Bib.

consonantal (jr↑). BSOU, pl. 37A, 1. Darnell 2004, 171–72, n. 35, 339–40; Manassa 2004, 613.

ḥr Exs. Bib.

shape (D2: ); also cf. S34↑ BSOU, see jr↑ Hornung 1987–1994, vii–viii; Quack 2005, 29.

Ideogram: [Underworld begins] Exs. BE, 132 (fig. 5.1, bottom left). Bib. Roberson 2012, 98 and n. 262, 134 and nn. 45–48. V13 w Exs. Bib. m Exs.

Bib.

class (cryptic V1↓: ) + shape (Z7↓: ). BC, pl. CLI, nr. 41 (= WHb, 424, 4). Werning 2008, 150. ). shape (Aa13: AOTSB, 65, 5 (?). BG, 193, 1 (2 ×), 2 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C); 195, 2, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text M); 198, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J). BSOU, pls. 8, 8; 10A, 1; 12, 17; 13B, 19; 18A (second dome, B3, rightmost below middle); Ramesses VI and IX passim. Darnell 2004, 8, n. 28; Manassa 2004, 614; Manassa 2006, 112, 118 (a)–119, n. 66; Roberson 2013, 71–72 (j) (also cf. I25↑).

mɜᶜ Exs.

). shape (Aa11↓: BG, 196, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text F).

n Exs. Bib.

phonetic (m↑ ~ n). BSOU, pl. 15 (mummiform deity in barque); 22C, 6, 22, 28; 28B, 7 (?). Darnell 2004, 194, n. 128; Manassa 2004, 614.

ḥ Exs. Bib.

class (V28↓: ). BC, pl. LXVII, 1, 2 (= WHb, 258, 3); LXVIII, 4 (= WHb, 262, 4). Werning 2008, 150; Werning 2011, 262 (reconstruction, far right).

V Rope, fiber, and baskets

t Exs.

Bib.

phonetic (ṯ ~ t). AMD, 348, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11; 349, 1, 2 (3 ×), 3 (2 ×), 4 (3 ×), 5 (3 ×), 6 (2 ×), 8 (3 ×), 11 (2 ×); 351, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11; and passim. BC. pl. LX, 5, 7, 8 (= WHb, 236, 15); LXI, 4 (2 ×), 5 (2 ×) (= WHb, 238); LXII, 1 (2 ×) (= WHb, 236, 18–19); LXVII, 1, 2 (= WHb, 258, 2); LXIX, 1, 2, 3 (2 × each) (= WHb, 264, 1– 2); LXX, 1 (3 ×), 2, 3 (3 ×) (= WHb, 264, 2); LXXIII, 3, 4, 5 (= WHb, 270, 1); LXXIV, 8 (= WHb, 276, 4); LXXVI, nrs. 1 (2, 3) (= WHb, 234, 1), 7 (1) (= WHb, 244, 1); LXXVII, nrs. 13 (1) (= WHb, 246, 4), 15 (1, 3) (= WHb, 248, 2); LXXVIII, nrs. 19 (1, 3) (= WHb, 248, 6), 21 (1) (= WHb, 254, 2), 23 (2) (= WHb, 258, 1), 24 (4) (= WHb, 262, 1), 25 (1) (= WHb, 262, 2); LXXIX, nr. 32 (1) (= WHb, 276, 1); LXXIX, nr. 33 (1, 3) (2 × each) (= WHb, 276, 2); CXLVIII, nrs. 18 (1, 2) (= WHb, 396, 7), 22 (3 ×) (= WHb, 404, 2*); CXLIX, nrs. 23 (2) (WHb, 404, 3), 29 (= WHb, 414, 4); CL, nr. 32 (RVI) (= WHb, 418, 3); CLI, nrs. 38 (= WHb, 418, 9), 39 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 424, 1), 40 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 424, 2), 41 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 424, 4), 42 (P) (= WHb, 424, 5), 43 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 424, 6), 44 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 432, 2), 46 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 432, 3). BSOU, pls. 4B (2 ×); 5B, 5, 7, 10, 15, 19, 20; and passim. Fairman 1945, 79; Darnell 2004, 40–41, and n. 19; Manassa 2004, 614; Werning 2008, 149.

V15 sšm Exs.

shape (T32↑: AMD, 349, 11.

V16 s Exs. Bib.

consonantal (sɜ). Louvre C65, 27, nr. 75. Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 169.

V17 s Exs.

169

).

Bib.

consonantal + phonetic (zɜ) Semna Statuette, body, 2R, 2L (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285); also see D36↑ + V17. Klotz and Brown 2016, 273–276, 301.

šn Exs.

shape + class (V7: ). NUT, § 44; 47; 51; 96.

V17 + D36 see D36↑ + V17.

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Part 1 Cryptographic sign-list

V19 nḥɜ Exs. Bib.

Hieratic (see references in Bib.). BSOU, pl. 33, 1. Darnell 2004, 287 (b), nn. 53–55; Manassa 2004, 614.

V23a n Exs.

// shape (K1: ) + consonantal (jn); also cf. F30↑ BG, 193, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text C); also cf. F.30↑

V28 ḥf Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (part for whole, V75: ). BC, pls. CXLVIII, nr. 22 (2 ×) (= WHb, 400, 5); CLI, nr. 45 (= WHb, 432, 1). Werning 2008, 150.

ᶜnḫ Exs. Bib.

hieratic (S34: ); cf. Möller 1927, 47, nr. 525, Louvre 3226, Ennene: , [V28] vs. ibid., 48, nr. 534, Lederhs., Harris Th.: , [S24]. NUT, § 118. Darnell 2004, 62, n. 122; Klotz 2011a, 482, n. 25.

Determinative: nwḥ class (V1↑: ). Exs. DAY, 283, 1. Bib. Müller-Roth 2008, 289 (16a), 459. V30 ḥ(ɜ)b Exs.

shape (W3: ) RRI IX, 69, 1 (in ẖrj.w-ḥ(ɜ)b).

V31 mɜᶜ Exs.

shape (Aa11↓: ). BG, 196, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text F).

sšm Exs. Bib.

shape (T31↑: ). DAY, 209, 3. Müller-Roth 2008, 459; also see T31↑

V31.1 bng Exs. Bib.

// direct: an “overflowing” basket (bng, Wb I, 464.5). Louvre C65, 30, nr. 60 (in personal name Bng(y) ~ Bgn(y), for which see Ranke 1935, 97, nr. 21, and 98, nr. 30). Drioton 1933a, 48, nr. 170 (reading: bgn, mechanism unknown).

V Rope, fiber, and baskets

V39 tj Exs. Bib.

V102 ẖr Exs. Bib.

171

consonantal (tj.t). AOTSB, 105, 1. BSOU, pl. 37A, 1. RII, Luxor unnumbered. SETY, Protocols A, B, C; Gurna 4. Nefertari. Drioton 1940, 310; Darnell 2004, 336, n. 272; Manassa 2004, 614; Boraik 2008, 134; Roberson 2013, 108 (e); Taterka 2015, 80.

direct (“that which is beneath”). AMD, 560, 3, 4; 561, 3 (3 ×), 4 (3 ×). Werning 2008, 150.

W Vessels of stone and earthenware W7 nw Exs. Bib.

class (W24↓: ); also cf. F34↑ and W22↓ Djehuty H1, 2. Semna Statuette, Espinel 2010, 309 (i).

W10 ᶜ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 158.13–17). Djehuty H2, 3, 5. Khaemhat, 4, nr. 27; 5, nrs. 34, 66; 8, nr. 129. Drioton 1933a, 48 (acrophony); Espinel 2010, 335.

bɜ Exs. Bib.

part for whole (R7↑; ). AOTSB, 101, 2. Roberson 2013, 103 (n), and nn. 493–494.

ḫm Exs. Bib.

shape? (note: interchanges with cryptic O18↑: AMD, 594, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Werning 2008, 147 (O18).

t Exs. Bib.

part for whole (cryptic X2↓: ). AOTSB, 101, 2. BSOU, pl. 34A, 31, 33. Darnell 2004, 315–16 (d); Manassa 2004, 614; Roberson 2013, 102 (j), and n. 484.

).

W10 + D234 bɜ see D234↑ + W10. W11 p Exs. Bib.

shape (Q3↑: ). BSOU, pl. 30, 1, 4 (right). Darnell 2004, 232, n. 252; Manassa 2004, 615.

ḫ Exs.

// consonantal (ḫr↓). BG, 197, 1, 2, 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text N).

ḫr / ẖr Exs.

Bib.

shape (T28↑: ); phonetic (ẖ ~ ḫ). AMD, 680, 7, 9; 683, 8. BE, 307/5, 2. BC, pls. LXII, 1 (= WHb, 236, 17). BG, 200 (bottom), 1, 2, 3, 4 (= Manassa 2006, Text P). BSOU, pls. 4B; 5B, 4; 5C, 4; Tutankhamun passim; 30, 1 (right). DAY, 439, 7 (2 ×). RRI IX, 69, 4 [1] (in ẖrj.w-ḥb); 69, 9. Darnell 2004, 42 (c) and n. 25; Roberson 2012, 99 and n. 270.

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q Exs. Bib.

phonetic (g ~ q). BSOU, pl. 28B, 10. Also see W56↓+W11. Darnell 2004, 76–78; Manassa 2004, 615.

k Exs. Bib.

phonetic (g ~ k). BG, 196, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text H). Manassa 2006, 125 (a), n. 100.

W11 + W56 ᶜq shape (Aa3: , with value ᶜ) / Consonantal (jᶜj, “wash,” see refs. in Bib.) + phonetic (g ~ q). Exs. BSOU, pls. 5C, 16; 7B, 1. Bib. Darnell 2004, 76–78; Manassa 2004, 615.

W19 ᶜɜ Exs. Bib.

shape (O29↑: ). DAY, 210, 3. Müller-Roth 2008, 459.

smɜ(w) shape (F36: ). Exs. NIGHT, 154, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 5, e). Bib. Roberson 2020b, nn. 127–129.

W20 bɜ Exs. Bib.

shape (R7↑: ). AOTSB, 97, 3. see R7↑

ḥnq.t Exs. Bib.

class (W22: ). BSOU, pl. 34, 31, 33. Darnell 2004, 315–16; Manassa 2004, 615.

W22 (or similar) n class (W24: ) + consonantal (nw); also cf. W7↑ and F34↑ Exs. Semna Statuette, body, 2L (= Klotz and Brown 2016, 285). Bib. Klotz and Brown 2016, 287 (o), n. 131, 301. W24 jr(t) Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic D12↑: ). AMD, 286, 10; 432, 5, 8. see D12↑

W Vessels of stone and earthenware

t Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic D12↑: ). DAY, 143, 7. NIGHT, 154, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 6, d) Müller-Roth 2008, 459.

W25 jwn Exs.

consonantal back-formation (jn). NUT, § 59.

W54 wp Exs. Bib.

175

// in wpš: consonantal + phonetic (wᶜb). DAY 282, 7. Note: cryptic value unnecessary. Read in conText as wᶜb (thus, also D60↑); also see comments for O42↑ Drioton 1942, 98, No 124B (reading w, by acrophony < wᶜb); Müller-Roth 2008, 288 (acrophony) (10b).

W56 + W11 see W11↑ + W56.

X Loaves and cakes X1 j Exs. Bib.

hieratic, writing 1cs suffix pronoun; cf. Möller 1927, 3, nr. 33, and 52, nr. 575. RRI IX, 69, 5 (2 ×) (in jt=j and mw.t=j). Jansen-Winkeln 2007, 113, 18; Fairman 1943, 247, 290 (noting only 1fs examples in the Ptolemaic inscriptions of Edfu).

ḫ Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (part for whole, Aa1: / cryptic D12↑: ). BG, 197, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). BSOU, pl. 24, 11. Darnell 2004, 213; Manassa 2004, 615; Manassa 2006, 132 (a).

ṯ Exs. Bib.

phonetic (t ~ ṯ). BC, pl. LXXI, 5, 6 (= WHb, 266, 3). Fairman 1945, 79; Werning 2008, 150.

d Exs. Bib.

phonetic (t ~ d). BC, pl. LXXVIII, nr. 24, 3 (= WHb, 262, 1: “corrupt”). Djehuty H2, 9 (?). see ṯ↑

X1 + O20.1 see O20.1↑ + X1. X2 t Exs.

Bib.

direct (“bread”) + class / synecdoche (whole for part, X1↑). RII, Protocols D; E. AMD, 438, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10; 450, 1, 2, 3, 5, 12. AOTSB, 65, 5, 6, 7, 8; 89, 1; 93, 1, 2; 101, 1. BG, 196, 2, 3, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text D); 198, 1 (2 ×), 2, 3 (2 ×), 4 (2 ×), 6 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text J); 199, 1, 2 (= Manassa 2006, Text I). DAY 142, 5, 8; 143, 1; 171, 1. NUT, § 2; 6; 31; and passim; SHADOW 1; 6; 9; 11; 12; 15; 16; 18; 20; 22. Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pls. 1A; 1E). Djehuty H2, 4 (2 ×), 5, 7, 8 (3 ×), 9. Khaemhat, 5, nr. 57; 6, nr. 89. MMA palette, 15, nrs. 9, 14; 16, nrs. 26, 32. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 28, 31;27, nrs. 66, 87; 29, nr. 35. RII, Luxor unnumbered. Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 172–173 (acrophony); Drioton 1942, 106, Nos 35, 49; Fairman 1945, 78; Gardiner 1994, 531, n. 6; Darnell 2004, 8; Manassa 2004, 616; Manassa 2006, 112, 127 (a); Boraik 2008, 134; Müller-Roth 2008, 459; Werning 2008, 151; Espinel 2010, 335; Roberson 2013, 72 (m), n. 353.

ṯ Exs. Bib.

phonetic (t ~ ṯ). NUT, § 96; 100; x + 36; x + 54; x + 61; x + 71. Von Lieven 2007, 33.

d(j) Exs.

// phonetic (t↑ ~ d). BG, 198, 1, 2, 4, 6 (= Manassa 2006, Text J).

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Part 1 Loaves and cakes

X2.1 variant X2↑ X4 (incl. variants with or without internal details) t class (X1↑: ). Exs. Abydos 1, 1 (2 ×); 2. BC, pl. CXLVI, nr. 4 (1, 2) (= WHb, 380, 1). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 9. Bib. Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 174; Drioton 1942, 106, Nos 60, 62; Fairman 1945, 78; Werning 2008, 151; Klotz 2012b, 24 (e); Lurson 2017, 227 (e).

X4a+W10 t class, variant X2↑ Exs. Nefertari (2 ×) (note: first occurrence belongs certainly with preceding word wr.t, not following word ḥnw.t, contra Taterka 2015, 79). Bib. See X2↑ X6 m Exs. Bib.

// shape (cryptic D12↑: ); also perhaps class (cryptic X8↓: , bread loaves notched at bottom). Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 25, 33. Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 176 (mechanism unknown).

t Exs. Bib.

class (X1↑: ). BSOU, pl. 34A, 14 (+haplography). Darnell 2004, 8; Manassa 2004, 616.

X8 m Exs. Bib.

synecdoche (part for whole, D37↑: Neferrenpet, 21, nrs. 5, 28. Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 177.

t Exs. Bib.

class (X1↑: ) + consonantal (dj) + phonetic (d ~ t) BC, pl. CL, nrs. 32 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 418, 3), 35 (RVI, P) (= WHb, 418, 6). Fairman 1945, 78; Werning 2008, 151.

ḏ Exs. Bib.

consonantal + phonetic (d(j) ~ ḏ) / consonantal, from archaizing ḏ(j) Khaemhat, 5, 65. Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 177.

)

Y Writing, games, and music Y1 b Exs. Bib.

shape (N17↑: ). BSOU, pls. 23, 74; 30, 5 (right). Darnell 2004, 255–59; Manassa 2004, 616; Werning 2008, 151.

m Exs. Bib.

phonetic (n↓ ~ m). AOTSB, 65, 6. BC, pl. CXLVIII, nr. 22 (2?) (= WHb, 404, 2). Roberson 2013, 71–72 (j).

n Exs. Bib.

). shape (N35↑: BSOU, pl. 22C, 23. Darnell 2004, 202; Manassa 2004, 616.

ḥtp Exs. Bib.

). shape (R4↑: BE, 305/3, 1. BG, 197, 3 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). Roberson 2012, 305, n. 23.

t Exs.

); phonetic (ṯ ~ t). shape (V13↑: BG, 194, 2, 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text C).

Y5 s Exs. Bib.

shape / synecdoche (part for whole) (S28↑: ). BE, 304/2, 2. Fairman 1945, 77; Werning 2008, 151; Roberson 2012, 99 and n. 271.

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-025

Z Strokes and signs derived from Hieratic Z1 j Exs. Bib.

extension of non-cryptic use as suffix =j Khaemhat, 5, nrs. 31, 41, 65; 6, nr. 83; 7, nrs. 102, 114, 118. MMA Palette, 16, nr. 29; 17, nrs. 62, 67. Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 178; Gardiner 1957, 535.

Z2 w Exs. Bib.

rebus < plural marker. NIGHT, 154, 4 (2 ×) (= Roberson 2020b, § 7, b–c); also see Z3↓ Roberson 2020b, n. 160.

p Exs. Bib.

hieratic (Q3: ); cf. Möller 1927, 34, nr. 388, Louvre, Ennene: , 50, nr. 561, Lederhs., P. Rollin, Ennene: , , [Z2]. BSOU, pl. 7A, 1. Darnell 2004, 81–82; Manassa 2004, 616.

Z3 w Exs. Bib.

variant, Z2↑ NIGHT, 155, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 9, b). see Z2↑

Z4 t Exs.

// phonetic back-formation of feminine marker j/y ~ t + shape (X1↑). BC, pl. LXXIII, 5 (= WHb, 270, 1).

Z7 ɜ Exs. Bib.

phonetic (w ~ ɜ; G43↑: ~ cryptic G39↑: BC, pl. LXVII, 1 (= WHb, 258, 3). see G39↑

wɜt Exs.

Bib.

[Q3], and

).

class (V4↑: ); consonantal back-formation: w(ɜt). AMD, 347, 2 (3 × = plural), 3 (3 ×), 4 (3 ×), 6 (3 ×), 10 (3 ×), 11 (3 ×); 350, 1 (3 × = plural), 2 (3 ×), 3 (3 ×), 4 (3 ×), 6 (3 ×), 8 (3 ×), 10 (3 ×), 11 (3 ×); 351–354, passim; 433, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11; 434, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11; 437, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7; 438, 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 10; 450, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6; also cf. V1↑ Fairman 1945, 95, n. 2; Werning 2008, 151–52.

Ideogram: [cryptic text] class / back-formation (G43↑: ~ cryptic G39↑ ). Exs. BC, pl. LXVII, 1 (= WHb, 258, 3). Bib. see G39↑, with additional discussion contra in Quack 2015, 301. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-026

182 Z8 jm Exs. Bib.

Part 1 Loaves and cakes

direct / sportive: line enclosing “that which is within” (jmj) + consonantal. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 25, 62. Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 180.

Z8.1 jm(n?) class (cryptic Z8↑) // alternately, as a component of jmn, perhaps understand as direct / sportive: something “hidden” (cf. G39.1↑), followed by phonetic complement n in each case. Exs. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 14 (jmn), 31 (jmn). Bib. Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 181.

Aa Unclassified Aa1 jr(t)

Bib.

shape (cryptic D12↑: ); perhaps also Hieratic < D1 ( ), for which cf. Möller 1927, nrs. 574 (esp. Lederhs. and Ennene) and 82. AMD, 536, 11; 686, 2; 710, 7 (2 ×); 713, 7; 716, 7; 807, 6. BC, pl. LXII, 3 (= WHb, 236, 17). cf. also RRIIX, 38, 23; 39, 4, 14 (first element in Wsjr). see D12↑

t Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic D12↑: ). DAY, 331, 8 (RVIb). Müller-Roth 2008, 335, nr. 315.

Exs.

Aa2 ᶜ Exs.

Bib.

consonantal (ᶜwɜ, Wb I, 172.3–6). BSOU, pl. 34B, 8 (upper right). Parennefer (= Darnell 2004, pls. 1A; 1E). Cairo stela TR 30/10/17/8, 6 (= Selim 2003, 256, r; note that the author’s derivation by acrophony from ᶜd, “pustule,” is unnecessary). MMA Palette, 16, nr. 35. Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 179 (acrophony); Darnell 2004, 46–48; Manassa 2004, 616.

p(p) Exs. Bib.

consonantal (jpp.t, Wb I, 69.10). BSOU, pls. 33; 34B, 16. DAY, 143, 4. NIGHT, 154, 4 (= Roberson 2020b, § 7, b). Drioton 1942, 104; Darnell 2004, 294–95; Manassa 2004, 616.

nḥɜ Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb II, 290.5–14). BSOU, pl. 34B, 12. Darnell 2004, 287; Manassa 2004, 616.

Aa11 m Exs.

Bib.

shape (Aa15↓: ) / consonantal (mɜᶜ). BC: MLEU, pl. 288A, 5. BG, 192, 1, 2, 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text A); 197, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (= Manassa 2006, Text N). MMA Palette, 15, nr. 9 (alternately, read conventionally as mɜᶜ, plus cryptic phon. compl. ᶜ). Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 182 (acrophony); Manassa 2006, 112, n. 25, 132; Manassa 2007, 407 (d).

s Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic N37↑: AMD, 776, 2. see N37↑

t Exs.

/ cryptic Aa15↓: ) / phonetic (ṯ ~ t). shape (V13↑: BG, 194, 1 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Text C).

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).

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Part 1 Loaves and cakes

Aa13 / Aa15 / jm consonantal (jm / m). Exs. NUT, § 56; 69. Bib. Klotz 2011a, 487. r Exs. Bib.

shape (D21: , possibly construed as a mouth in profile, for the frontal mouth; cf. D21↑: , p). NIGHT, 154, 1, 2 (= Roberson 2020b, § 5, e). Roberson 2020b, nn. 130–133.

ḥ Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic V13↑: ). BC, pl. LXVIII, 5 (= WHb, 262, 4). see V13↑

s Exs. Bib.

shape (cryptic N37↑: AMD, 779, 2. see N37↑

ṯ/t Exs.

shape (V13↑: ) / phonetic (ṯ ~ t). BC, pl. LX, 5 (= WHb, 236, 15); LXXVII, nr. 13 (2) (= WHb, 246, 4); LXXVIII, nr. 25 (3) (= WHb, 262, 2); LXXIX, nr. 32 (1) (= WHb, 276, 1); CL, nr. 32 (P) (= WHb, 418, 3). BG, 195, 1 (2 ×) (= Manassa 2006, Texts G, M); 196, 1 (= Manassa 2006, Text F). BSOU, pls. 5C, 14, 15 (2 ×), 16; 7B, 1 (2 ×); 8, 6, 10; 18A (first dome, T4, T5, third dome, B3); Ramesses VI and IX passim. Darnell 2004, 8, n. 28; Manassa 2004, 617.

Bib. Aa18 s Exs.

).

Bib.

consonantal (sɜ). Khaemhat, 4, nr. 14. Neferrenpet, 212, nr. 15. Louvre C65, 26, nrs. 22, 54; 29, nr. 14. Drioton 1933a, 49, nr. 183.

Aa20 j Exs.

// shape (M17↑: ). BG, 198, 3 (= Manassa 2006, Text J).

ᶜp Exs. Bib.

consonantal (ᶜpr). BSOU, pl. 24, 25. Darnell 2004, 217; Manassa 2004, 617.

Aa28 s Exs. Bib.

shape (M40: ) / consonantal (js). DAY, 142, 8. Müller-Roth 2008, 147 (7g), 459.

Aa Unclassified

Aa36 ᶜpr Exs. Bib.

logogram (Wb I, 181.6–11). AOTSB, 105, 1. Roberson 2013, 109 (h).

185

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

189

In order to conserve space on the printed page, compound signs listed in Part 1 with the format sign number 1 + sign number 2, e.g. “A16.1 + C12i.2,” appear here under the first sign number only, followed by an arrow, indicating “see above” under the parent sign: A16.1↑. Cryptic determinatives appear at the end of the index. Also note that alleged cryptic values identified in Part 1 as “unnecessary,” i.e. those possessing contextually plausible, non-cryptic alternatives,54 have been omitted from the reverse index. Regarding the indexed values, it is important to recall that weak or otherwise omissible consonants, including gender, number, and nisbe markers, semi-vowels, and geminating or reduplicated elements (§ 6.2), might be included in some uses of a sign but absent in others. For example, signs listed under ḫftj might function as logograms (“enemy”) and include the final weak j, whereas rebus values for the same signs, writing the preposition ḫft, would not. Likewise, values listed under jmj or jn might include reduced readings, as m or n, etc. Thus, when searching for possible mono-literal values, one should consider not only the consonant in question but also combinations with initial- or final-weak elements. Along similar lines, a search for possible values ending in t should consider the feminine marker functioning by rebus as a root consonant (e.g. ɜ.t > ɜt); through omission, as a weak element (e.g. jr.t > jrj); as well as final-t roots re-analyzed as the feminine gender marker (e.g. ḫt > -ḫ.t). In all cases, the reader should refer to the individual occurrences with full citations and additional bibliography, in Part 1.

54 Thus, s. v. D60, wp; N18, š; O42, š; W54, wp.

190

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

ɜ

D21

G17

M17

Z7

G28

ɜ.t

G39

G39.1

ɜᶜ

F3

G43

G64

G80

G213

ɜw.t-jb

I3

F4

G40

A245c.1

ɜḫ

F12

G1

ɜḫ.t

G29a

G39

G39.1

G40

M15

N8

S42

ɜs

N18

H8

V2

j

A1

A2

A26

A27

A53

A54

A84

A359

A366

D21

E32

F51

G1

H6

L4

M2

M16

M17.1

M17.2

M17.3

M23

M105

N18

N37

P11

Q3

S29

S43

X1

Aa20

191

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

jɜ.t

jɜb

F3

O44

R12

jᶜn

E17

jᶜr

E32

jᶜr.t

O41

jw

I14

jwf

E9

G39

jwn

N18↑

M16

jwtj

W25

N27

N37

jb

N35

P1a

F51

jbɜ

F35

M2

N21

jp

A32

B100

jm

D36

D40

F27

G17

Z8

jmj

D6

Z8.1

jmj-jtn

F26

H8

H34

Aa15

jmj-dwɜ.t

H34

H34

jmn

A4

A4c

A5.1

A30

A71

C12g

C12i

C12L

G39.2

Z8.1

192

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

jmn.tj

Jmn-ḥr-ḫpš=f

N25↑

C12i.1

jnk

A359

jry

Jnpw

A27

M18

jnr

F127

O39

jr(.t)

D200

M4

jkɜ

A47

jn

D2

D12

D10

V9

W24

Aa1

H8

H16

I14

jt

L1

jdn

N5

jtn

A26↑

A54

A296b.1↑

A434.1

I3

D12

y

D18

F181

M2

M2↑

M17.1↑

M17.2↑

M105↑

ᶜ

D21

D26

D35

D37

D40

D41

D45

E83

E263

F43

F51

P5

W10

Aa2

D210

D234

D235

193

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

ᶜ.t

ᶜɜ

F42

ᶜwt

F43

F44

ᶜb

E34.1

A310c

ᶜp

F13

Aa20

ᶜnn

D7

ᶜnḏ

N35

ᶜḫm

H10

O28

V9

ᶜnḏ.tj

A332↑

ᶜnḫ

D10

ᶜḥ

O29

L1

ᶜḥɜ

T24

M9.2

D54

G1

C278

C278.1

G25

A206

G39

V28

ᶜḥᶜ

A21

A21a

ᶜq

Wɜs.t

B1↑

W19

Aa36

D55

ᶜr

P8

ᶜpr

D54

ᶜn

F23

I25

P1a

W11↑

A23a

194

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

w

D3

D12

D21

E23

F51

G1

G4a

G25

G29

G29a

G36

G39

G39.1

G40

G64

H2

L4

M2↑

N32

O211

T21a

U26↑

V1

V4

V13

Z2

Z3

wɜ

wɜ.t

V1

wj

G43

wjɜ n Rᶜ

wjɜ nṯr

P109

N36

V2

wbɜ

P112

wp.w-wɜ.wt

E18.1

wnn

A27

A359

Z7

wbn

U26↑

wn

N1↑

N5

wnw.t

F18↑

A21a

A23a

C155.1

wnwn

N5

E134.1

F16↑

N8

D3

wḥm-ms.wt

A21

P30

wp

wr

A19

wjɜ

C118a.1

wḥm-ḫᶜ.w

A16.1↑

195

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

Wsjr

Wsjr-ḫntj-jmn.tjw

C98e

H6.1

E181↑

wsḫ(.t)

C19a

wṯz-mɜᶜ.t

O4b

wsr

P18

wdj

A465.1↑

C25

wḏ

D46

F78

wḏɜ.t

M13

M17

M17

N18

D10

b

D12

D210

R7

Y1

E10↑

E24

G39

L4

N18↑

Q1

bɜ

A58

C4

D12

D234↑

G1

M2

R7

U25

W10

W20

bɜḥ

G36

G28

G39

G39.1

bj.tj

A45

B81

C188b

N35

S3

T26

G64

H8

196

bjk

H10

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

bng

bntj

V31.1

E32

p

D12

F34

G39

G39.1

G40

M2

O4

O6

O49

T28

W11

Z2

pɜ

pɜw.tj

F63

pp

G30a

H5

D12↑

pr

Aa2

psḏ

N6

pᶜ.t

ptr

D4↑

I24

D12

O18

N23

H8

D21

pr-mḏɜ.t

O1

D26

N1

A42

pḥ.tj

O6↑

Ptḥ

C19a

N37

pw

pr-ᶜɜ

F46

M2

pẖr

C61

E23a

Ptḥ-tɜ-ṯnn

C102d

C102e

C102e.1

C18f

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

197

f

A1

A9

A26

A26↑ +vars.

A28

A57c

A123

D21

E13

I10

I14

I14.1

I14a

I14c

I64

I80

L1

O34

fɜj

F51

fnḏ

A9

A26

A26↑ +vars.

F63a

m

A2

A26

A54

C156

C161.1

C196

D12

D21

D36

D36↑

D37

D38

D40

D49

E13

E90

F44

F51

G1

G14

G29a

G31

G39

G39.1

G40

G41a

G43

G47

G64

G179

M1

N5

N18

N21

N26

N35a

N36

N37

O36a

P8.1

Q7e

R24

T30

T32

U1

V13

X8

X6

Y1

Aa11

mɜ(ɜ)

D4

D7a

D10

D12

D12↑

D140

H16

H16↑

N5↑

O48

198

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

mɜᶜ

mɜᶜ.t

V13

V31

mj

C10a

C175

mw.t

V6

m-bɜḥ

B5d

C156

G39

G39.1

G43

mn

A26↑

mr

N26

O25

mry

F20

H16

mḥ

N26

P8.1

mḫɜ.t

A101d.1

N124

m-ẖnw

U38

U92

O36a

m ẖrt hrw

S28

E22↑

ms

A17

ms sɜ.tj

B85

B4 C79

S28

mkj

A458

A114.1

C80.1

mt

D12 D52

C297

mdw

P8 T22a

D36↑ F125

mds

T30

H8

P11

199

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

n

A18

A26

A41

A45e

C185

D12

D21

D36

D38

D41

D235

F30

F34

G14

G17

G39

I9

I14

M2

M4a

M8

N1

N16

N18

N35a

N36

N37

R24

S3

S55

U21a

V13

V23a

W22

Y1

A42

A43

A43a

A43b

B43.1

B43.2

S1

n.t

njsw.t

S3

A23a

njsw.t-bj.tj

N6b

nᶜ

S6

nw

D54

D13

H8

O49

U21a

W7

nb

A21

A23a

A40c

A42

A42a

A43c

A43e

A45

A54

A63b.1

A310.1

A311d

C38.1

C128.1

E23

A42c

A42c.1

A93.1↑ A101d

E83.1

E151a

A43

A43a

A141a

A304.1

G5

A43b

A304.1 nb.t

B23.1

200

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

nb.tj

C184.1↑

nbw

C184.2↑

nb-p.t

C228

nb.t-ḥw.t

nb-ḫᶜ.w

A93.1↑

A310.1

nm

S12

C98a↑

npɜ

G64

T16

A17

V19

Aa2

nḥb.t

G39

nsw(.t)

Q7

C284.1

nḫt

M9

R82a

nḥ

G14

ns

A465.1↑

A23a.2

nr

B1

nḥɜ

C98a↑

nfr

nnj

F27

nb-mɜᶜ.t

E36

Q12

nt

C61

C17b

O49

nṯr

A23a.1

A24↑

A40

A40b

A40e

G7

G7c

G7d

G11

N14

A41

A51d

D12

D12↑

G5

201

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

nṯr ᶜɜ

nḏ

A239

A16

A36

A87↑

B36 +vars.

A16

r

D4

D6

D7

D12

D36↑

D38

D153

E23

G1

G39

G39.1

G40

H6

I14

L4

M2

M4↑

M17

N5

N18

N35

Q3

T12

V9

Aa15

C268a

D12

Rᶜ

C1

C1d

rᶜ-nb

rw

A23↑

hy

A26

C2a

C53b

C59c

rmy.t

C165

D9

C268

rnp

D9a

F88

rs

D138

O48.1

rd

M23

O49

h

M31

ḥ

A24

A25

A47

A73.1

A296b.1↑

C11

D19

E130

E263

F18

F51

M2

M16

M29

S28

U33

V13

Aa15

O1

202

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

ḥɜ

ḥɜt

M2

M134 M134.1

ḥᶜ-m-Wɜst

F7

V30

ḥnw.t

A40↑

A296b.1↑

N31

T24

W20

F51

F51↑

O6

S34

ḥrj-sštɜ

D12

N1

I10↑

N5

N11

N62

S57b

M17

V9

ḥrj-tp

E15

D3

Ḥrw

A310b

ḥn

ḥr

ḥrj

D3

A57c↑

ḥmty

C156

F51

ḥf

S28

ḥm.t

G51

ḥnqt

E1

A28

ḥbs

ḥm

V28

ḥᶜ

ḥwt-nṯr

O20.1↑

ḥfɜw

I14

F3

ḥwt

C12i↑

ḥ(ɜ)b

ḥḥ

C58

C65a

C70.1

G1

G36

N31

A73.1

C11

203

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

ḥzj

ḥkn

A241

ḥqɜ

A1

ḥty

A2

A26

ḥt

A311e.1

ḥtp

A82.1

F63

ḥtp-dj-njsw.t

N1

N37

O34

R3

Y1

ḥtm

A57

A57d

N8

S1

ḥḏ

G1

G39

G39.1

G40

P11

N5

ḫ

A17

D12

F26

K6

M2

M3

M8

M112

N5

N28

N37

S35

W11

X1

ḫɜᶜ

D36↑

ḫw

D43

ḫɜs.t

M12

ḫᶜ

N26

M17

ḫᶜ.w

I14

N14

S1

ḫr

S9

S1↑

ḫp

G49

M15

T28

V102

W11

S8

ḫpd

E25

K7

204

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

ḫft

ḫm

A14

A14a

D19

E13

F63

F158a

ḫnt

D19

O18

ḫrp

F63

F63a

I3

I5

N5

ḫt

N29

P2

W10

ḫsf

A24

U23

ẖ

G1

G39

M1.1

P1

A17

M2

S35

ẖ.t

F27

ẖɜ.t

F51

ẖr

F13

ẖnw

K5

ẖr.wj

W11

F181

ẖnm.t

O6↑

C225

N37

N37↑

N38

205

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

s

D12

D19

E17

E31

E134a

F51

G39

H8

K2

K3

K5

M2

M23

N16

N18

N37

O35

Q12

R11

S28

U33

V6

V16

V17

Y5

Aa11

Aa15

A18

Aa28

s.t

sɜ

Q12a

A2

B6

D21

sɜ-Rᶜ

C95.1

sᶜnḫ-tɜ.wj

C95.2

C96.1

E17

sᶜḥ

G1

E17.1

E18.1

sw

D2

sfḫ

G40

E17↑

G36

G40

G43

sɜb

C91.1

sp

E17

S20

sm

R20

sb

M17

E17

smɜ

E2

F27

R26

N14

smɜ-tɜ.wj

W19

R26

206

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

smr

smsw

A21a↑

A19

srq-ḥty.t

sk

D19

sḥ

M44

sḫr

A59a.1

sn

F16↑

srt

L25

sḫm-ḫpš

smd.t

G40

G39

C169.1

sšm

E54

M12↑

R20

Skr

N14

T31

V15

sty

H1

U23

Sḫm.t

F39a

sš

E17

U22.1

sḫm

A206.1

F63

T22

H10

H16

P60b

Stẖ

V31

stp

C184.3

A296f

sṯɜ

A43a

A43b

sṯɜ.w wjɜ n Rᶜ

E228

A43e

sḏm

F63

C98.1

sḏr

Q18

C98.2

E17

V2

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

207

š

C104

šᶜ.t

E12

I5

šwy.t

F41

N36

špt

A296g.1

šmᶜ mḥw

D54

M15

šps

S9

šm

M8

E1

šr

V17

q

D54

O38

W11

Q3

E10

šty.t

A17

O20

qmɜ

A28

O39

šfy

K7

šn

M15↑

N38

qd

A303

C227↑

k

C8

D12

D280a

E2

T22

U22.1

U23

W11

E32

F27

kɜ

F44

F51

kɜ-nḫt

C8

C8.1

C94

D36↑

E1

G7.1

C8.2

M2

S56

kbn

D58

208

Km.t

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

km-wr

C227↑

kkw

E3↑

g

N3b

Gb

D12

G39

G39.1

t

A21

A21a

A23a

A24

D12

D21

D26

D37

D52

F34

G1

G31

G39

G40

I14

L1

M2

N5

N16

N17↑

N18

N18↑

N18↑

N26

N35

O40

O48

O49

P5

R4

U33

V13

W10

W24

X2

X4

X4a↑

X6

X8

Y1

Z4

Aa1

Aa11

Aa15

tɜ

A40

A296b.1↑

N18

N35

C12a

C18f

tɜ.wj

M9.1↑

C101.1

G31

Tɜ-ṯnn

M13↑

M15

M15↑

C12a

I9

I14

L1

N1↑

tj

Q7

S43

V39

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

tj.t Jmn

209

tjw

C12i↑

G1

G17

G36

G39

G39.1

G40

tp

G43

tf

F7

tn (ṯn)

F8

F63

tnt

C12a

G17a

M44

tr

E1

N21

ts

M3.1

N34a

D26

E13

tkm

T14

E231

ṯ

D12

D26

D41

D46

U33

X1

X2

Aa15

ṯɜw

G43

ṯn (tn)

S77

T14↑

D52

E32

G40

G47

N37

U26↑

210

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

d

D21

D36

D36↑

D37

D38

D41

I10

I14

N26

R11

X1

dj ᶜnḫ dj

D12↑

dp

D36

D38

dn

see tp↑

dm

D46

dr-pḏ.t-9

E1

A4

ds

D12

N14

X2

A189↑

dwɜ

A471.1

dmḏ

T30

D234

A394

dwɜ-nṯr

A16

A30

M44

A30↑

dšr.t

T30

T32

S3

ḏ

D36

X8

D37

D40

D46

D49

F20

I9

I14

I14.1

I14c

211

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

ḏ.t

ḏw

G15

I75

ḏr.t

D40

N25

Ḏḥwtj

C3

E51

Det. ɜ.t

D45

F46

C12g

Det. Jwnw

D12

Det. bj.tj

F34

Det. fnṯ

M139

Det. njsw.t

Det. nwḥ

M140

V28

I9

Det. nḥm

D234

A7a

I14

D12

Det. wɜj.w

Det. Nfr-tm

G144

Det. ɜw.t

Det. jmnt.t

N35

ḏḥ

ḏd

G29

D12

Det. bjɜ.t

G144

ḏsr

E35

ḏrw

Det. Rᶜ

O48.1

S20

212

Det. ḫᶜj

S57

Det. dnj.t

O6↑

Part 2 Reverse Index of Cryptographic Values, by Phonetic Order

Det. ẖɜ.wt

Det. sšm.w

H8

C38.1

Det. ḏ.t

N36

N36

O51a

Det. tfj

E34.1

Appendix: Index of cryptographic signs by number A Men

A1

A2

A4

A4c

A5.1

A7a

A9

A14

A14a

A16

A16.1↑

A17

A18

A19

A21

A21a

A21a↑

A23a

A23a.1

A23a.2

A24

A24↑

A25

A26

A26↑

A26↑

A26↑

A26↑

A26↑

A27

A28

A30

A30↑

A32

A36

A40

A40↑

A40b

A40c

A40e

A42

A42a

A42c

A42c.1

A43

A43a

A43b

A43c

A43e

A45

A45e

A47

A51d

A53

A54

A57c

A57c↑

A58

A57

A57d

A59.1

A63b.1

A71

A73.1

A84

A87↑

A93.1↑

A93.2↑

A101d

A101d.1

A114.1

A123

A141a

A189↑

A206

A206.1

A239

A241

A245c.1

A296b.1↑

A296b.1↑

A296f

A296g.1

A303

A304f

A304.1

A310b

A310c

A311d

A310.1

A311e.1

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110683851-028

214

Appendix: Index of cryptographic signs by number

A332↑

A359

A366

A394

A434.1

A458

A465.1↑

B1

B1d↑

B4

B5d

B6

B23.1

B36

B36.1

B36.2

B36.3

B36.4

B43.1

B43.2

B81

B85

B100

A471.1

B Women

C Anthropomorphic deities

C1

C1d

C2a

C3

C4

C8

C8.1

C8.2

C10a

C11

C12a

C12g

C12i

C12i↑

C12i.1

C12i.2↑

C12L

C17b

C18f

C19a

C25

C35

C38.1

C53b

C58

C59c

C61

C65a

C70.1

C79

C80.1

C91.1

C91.2

C94

C95.1

C95.2

C96.1

C98.1

C98.2

C98a↑

C98a↑

C98e

215

D Parts of the human body

C101.1

C102d

C102e

C102e.1

C104

C118a.1

C128.1

C155.1

C156

C161.1

C165

C169.1

C175

C184.1↑

C184.2↑

C184.3

C185

C188b

C196

C225

C227

C228

C268

C268a

C278

C278.1

C279

C284.1

D Parts of the human body

D2

D3

D4

D4↑

D6

D7

D7a

D9

D9a

D10

D12

D12↑

D12↑

D13

D18

D19

D21

D26

D26a

D26b

D35

D36

D36↑

D36↑

D36↑

D36↑

D36↑

D37

D38

D40

D41

D43

D45

D46

D49

D51

D52

D53

D54

D55

D58

D60

D138

D140

D153

D200

D210

D234

D234↑

D234↑

D234.1

D235

280a

216

Appendix: Index of cryptographic signs by number

E Mammals

E1

E2

E3↑

E9

E9.1

E10

E10↑

E12

E13

E15

E17

E17↑

E17.1

E18.1

E22↑

E23

E23a

E23↑

E24

E25

E31

E32

E34.1

E35

E36

E51

E54

E82.1

E83

E83.1

E90

E130

E134a

E134.1

E151a

E181↑

E228

E231

E263

F Parts of mammals

F3

F4

F7

F8

F12

F13

F16↑

F16↑

F18

F18↑

F20

F21

F23

F26

F27

F27.1

F28

F28.1

F30

F34

F34↑

F35

F39a

F41

F42

F43↑

F44

F46

F51

F51↑

F63

F63a

F78

F88

F125

F127

F181

F158a

217

I Reptiles and their parts

G Birds

G1

G4a

G5

G7

G7.1

G7c

G7d

G11

G14

G15

G17

G17a

G25

G28

G29

G29a

G30a

G31

G36

G39

G39.1

G39.2

G40

G41a

G43

G47

G49

G51

G64

G64.1

G80

G144

G144b

G179

G213

H6

H6.1

H8

H10

H Parts of birds

H1

H2

H5

H16

H16↑

H34

I Reptiles and their parts

I3

I5

I6↑

I6↑

I9

I10

I10↑

I14

I14.1

I14a

I14c

I24

[I25]?

I64

I64.1

I75

I80

218

Appendix: Index of cryptographic signs by number

K Fish and their parts

K2

K3

K5

K6

K7

L Invertebrates

L1

L4

L25

M1

M1.1

M2

M2↑

M3

M3.1

M4

M4a

M8

M9

M9.1↑

M9.2

M12

M13

M13↑

M15

M15↑

M16

M17

M17.1

M17.1↑

M17.2

M17.2↑

M17.3

M18

M22

M23

M29

M31

M44

M105

M105↑

M107

M112

M127↑

M134

M134.1

M137↑

M139

M140

N1↑

N3b

N5

N5↑

M Plants

N Earth, sky, water

N1

N1↑

N1↑

219

O Buildings and their parts

N6

N6b

N8

N8↑

N11

N14

N16

N17

N17↑

N17↑

N18

N18↑

N18↑

N18↑

N18↑

N19

N21

N21↑

N23

N25

N25↑

N26

N26↑

N27

N28

N29

N31

N32

N34a?

N35

N35a

N36

N36↑

N37

N37↑

N38

N62

N124

O Buildings and their parts

O1

O1.1

O4

O4b

O6

O6↑

O6↑

O6↑

O6↑

O6↑

O18

O20

O20.1↑

O25

O28

O29

O34

O35

O36a

O38

O39

O40

O41

O42

O44

O48

O48.1

O49

O51a

O211

220

Appendix: Index of cryptographic signs by number

P Ships and their parts

P1

P1a

P2

P5

P8

P8.1

P11

P18

P30

P60b

P109

P112

Q7e

Q12

Q12a

R12

R17a↑

Q Domestic and funerary furniture

Q1

Q3

Q7

Q7a

Q18

R Temple furniture and sacred emblems

R3

R4

R7

R8↑

R11

R19↑

R20

R24

R26

R82a

S Crowns, dress, and staves

S1

S1↑

S1↑

S3

S6

S8

S8a

S9

S12

S20

S24

S28

S29

S34

S35

S42

S43

S55

S55↑

S56

S57b

221

W Stone and ceramic vessels

S77

T Warfare, hunting, and butchery

T12

T14

T16

T21a

T22

T26

T28

T30

T31

T32

T22a

T24

U Agriculture, crafts, and professions

U1

U21a

U22.1

U36↑

U38

U92

U23

U25

U26↑

U33

V Rope, fiber, and baskets

V1

V2

V4

V6

V9

V13

V15

V16

V17

V17↑

V19

V23a

V28

V30

V31

V31.1

V39

V102

W11↑

W19

W20

W Stone and ceramic vessels

W7

W10

W10↑

W11

222

Appendix: Index of cryptographic signs by number

W22

W24

W25

W54

W56↑

X2

X2.1

X4

X4a↑

Z4

Z7

Z8

Z8.1

Aa11

Aa13

Aa15

Aa18

X Bread loaves and cakes

X1

X1↑

X6

Y Writing and games

Y1

Y5

Z Strokes and dots

Z2

Z3

Aa Unclassified

Aa1

Aa2

Aa28

Aa36

Aa20