English-Japanese Conversation Dictionary (Classic Reprint) [1 ed.]

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EN6LISH=JAPANESE

CONVERSATION

DICTIONARY

PRECEDED BY A FEW

ELEMENTARY

NOTIONS

OF

JAPANESE GRAMMAR COMPILED BY

ARTHUR ROSE-INNES

AMERICAN EDITION

(

5)

INDEX.

PREFACE The compiler

is

indebted for the idea of this book

to that very practical series of little dictionaries Tho excalled Nutf s Conversatioii Dictionaries.

ecution of tho work would have proved an inipossibut for the excellent English- Japanese bility

Dictionary of the Spoken Language by HobartHai'.ipden and Parlett, mIucIi has been consulted

Frequent use has also been made Etymology.

continually. Imijrie's

of

intended for the use of tourists and now residents who wish to speak a little Japaneio. The compiler has endeavoui-ed to mako

This book

is

the book as practical

and simple as

possible,

at

the sacrifice sometimes of other good qualities: he of the will l^a more pleased to receive the thanks

beginner than the praise of the learned.

bo found that the Japanese in this Dicon the whole, the ordinary, every -day, homo-like, middle-class, colloquial language that It will

tionary

is,

one generally hears: the very rude and the extrabeen polite ways of speaking have purposely avoided.

Pages. Abbreviations Pronunciation

I II

Prefixes, Suffixes, Contractions

Ill *

GRAMMATICAL INTROliuCTioN.

*

Writing Conjugation of the Verb Voices of Verbs

7 12 L5

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

Ifi

Compound Verbs

16 17 19 21 21

Observations on some Verbs Adjective Comparison of Adjectives

Pronoun Article

Noun Cardinal Numbers Auxiliary Numerals Ordinal Numbers Fractional Numbers Honorifics, Polite Postposition Interrogations

Order

of

Words

Words

Homonyms Weights and Measures

DICTIONARY List of words with dialogues Common useful phrases

22 22 23 24 26 27 27 29 29 30 30 31 33

IV

V

(

I

(

PRONUNCIATION

ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGNS.

ai

ai in aisle

aux.

au

ow

comp.

compound

ch

ch

cond.

conditioned dative

e

e in

dat. dist.

distinct

ei

ei in

expr.

expressed

g

fig.

figuratively

sometimes as in goat; sometimes tlie sound of ng in king i in machine

in

cow

in child

pen rein

followed

intr.

intransitive

lit.

literally

o

o in

n.

noun

Ou

ou

opp.

opposed

«

s in sat

u

u

i

Pfige transitive verb intransitive verb transitive .Three points preceded by tlie first letter of the "principal word in a paragraph indicate the rc'jitition of this word: nbovo, a. . . A dash has been wod to indicate the omission

tran. v. i. v. t.

of a word or sentence. tdberu A decimal point shows the Seep. 12. to bo conjugated.

slanting line follows

way

the verb has

and indicates the proper

Within brackets will sometimes be serai-literal translation of the foregoing

[ 1

sentence.

found a Japanese .

placed in parenthesis illustrate the meaning of the context. are

often

The other

more

in

in

though

put

letters as in English

Double consonants must be pronounced double; long vowels must be pronounced long 5, e, o, u; and short vowels (i, M)are hardly pronounced at all. In the very common case of verbal terminations in suf

the u

is

practically silent: e. g. desu

is

pronounced

des8.

the word particle to be used in connection with to translated: e.g. to take charge of wo/azukaru; take charge of a parcel nimotau wo azukaru.

Words

a in father

foil.

p.

( )

(approximate)

a

aff.

A

)

accusative adjective affirmative auxiliary

ace. adj.

/

n

)

to

Japanese words are pronounced with an equal on each syllable except: 1) the syllable preceding a double consonant which has a longer sound; 2) the syllable containing a long vowel; 3) a short vowel makes the syllable short and as a consequence often throws an accent on a neighbour-

stress

ing syllable.

(

I

(

PRONUNCIATION

ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGNS.

ai

ai in aisle

aux.

au

ow

comp.

compound

ch

ch

cond.

conditioned dative

e

e in

dat. dist.

distinct

ei

ei in

expr.

expressed

g

fig.

figuratively

sometimes as in goat; sometimes tlie sound of ng in king i in machine

in

cow

in child

pen rein

followed

intr.

intransitive

lit.

literally

o

o in

n.

noun

Ou

ou

opp.

opposed

«

s in sat

u

u

i

Pfige transitive verb intransitive verb transitive .Three points preceded by tlie first letter of the "principal word in a paragraph indicate the rc'jitition of this word: nbovo, a. . . A dash has been wod to indicate the omission

tran. v. i. v. t.

of a word or sentence. tdberu A decimal point shows the Seep. 12. to bo conjugated.

slanting line follows

way

the verb has

and indicates the proper

Within brackets will sometimes be serai-literal translation of the foregoing

[ 1

sentence.

found a Japanese .

placed in parenthesis illustrate the meaning of the context. are

often

The other

more

in

in

though

put

letters as in English

Double consonants must be pronounced double; long vowels must be pronounced long 5, e, o, u; and short vowels (i, M)are hardly pronounced at all. In the very common case of verbal terminations in suf

the u

is

practically silent: e. g. desu

is

pronounced

des8.

the word particle to be used in connection with to translated: e.g. to take charge of wo/azukaru; take charge of a parcel nimotau wo azukaru.

Words

a in father

foil.

p.

( )

(approximate)

a

aff.

A

)

accusative adjective affirmative auxiliary

ace. adj.

/

n

)

to

Japanese words are pronounced with an equal on each syllable except: 1) the syllable preceding a double consonant which has a longer sound; 2) the syllable containing a long vowel; 3) a short vowel makes the syllable short and as a consequence often throws an accent on a neighbour-

stress

ing syllable.

EN6LISH=JAPANESE

CONVERSATION

DICTIONARY

PRECEDED BY A FEW

ELEMENTARY

NOTIONS

OF

JAPANESE GRAMMAR COMPILED BY

ARTHUR ROSE-INNES

AMERICAN EDITION

(

5)

INDEX.

PREFACE The compiler

is

indebted for the idea of this book

to that very practical series of little dictionaries Tho excalled Nutf s Conversatioii Dictionaries.

ecution of tho work would have proved an inipossibut for the excellent English- Japanese bility

Dictionary of the Spoken Language by HobartHai'.ipden and Parlett, mIucIi has been consulted

Frequent use has also been made Etymology.

continually. Imijrie's

of

intended for the use of tourists and now residents who wish to speak a little Japaneio. The compiler has endeavoui-ed to mako

This book

is

the book as practical

and simple as

possible,

at

the sacrifice sometimes of other good qualities: he of the will l^a more pleased to receive the thanks

beginner than the praise of the learned.

bo found that the Japanese in this Dicon the whole, the ordinary, every -day, homo-like, middle-class, colloquial language that It will

tionary

is,

one generally hears: the very rude and the extrabeen polite ways of speaking have purposely avoided.

Pages. Abbreviations Pronunciation

I II

Prefixes, Suffixes, Contractions

Ill *

GRAMMATICAL INTROliuCTioN.

*

Writing Conjugation of the Verb Voices of Verbs

7 12 L5

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

Ifi

Compound Verbs

16 17 19 21 21

Observations on some Verbs Adjective Comparison of Adjectives

Pronoun Article

Noun Cardinal Numbers Auxiliary Numerals Ordinal Numbers Fractional Numbers Honorifics, Polite Postposition Interrogations

Order

of

Words

Words

Homonyms Weights and Measures

DICTIONARY List of words with dialogues Common useful phrases

22 22 23 24 26 27 27 29 29 30 30 31 33

IV

V

(

T

)

GRAMMATICAL INTRODUCTION.

WRITING. The Japanese characters o)

The Kan-ji, a

are of three kinds:

collection of several

thousand

signs or ideographs of Chinese origin, in which each sign corresponds not to a sound but to an idea. Three

or four thousand of these characters are known to people of moderate education, and this niimber is

enough to read the newspapers and write about everyday matters.

The Hira-Gana, a collection of 50 cursive signs which each sign corresponds to the sound of •

0)

in

syllaljlc.

c)

The Kaia-Kana, a

signs in

collection

of

50 angular

which each sign corresponds to the sound

of a syllable.

In the following table the

and the second Kala-Kana.

2047160

first

sign

is

Hira-Oana

(

T

)

GRAMMATICAL INTRODUCTION.

WRITING. The Japanese characters o)

The Kan-ji, a

are of three kinds:

collection of several

thousand

signs or ideographs of Chinese origin, in which each sign corresponds not to a sound but to an idea. Three

or four thousand of these characters are known to people of moderate education, and this niimber is

enough to read the newspapers and write about everyday matters.

The Hira-Gana, a collection of 50 cursive signs which each sign corresponds to the sound of •

0)

in

syllaljlc.

c)

The Kaia-Kana, a

signs in

collection

of

50 angular

which each sign corresponds to the sound

of a syllable.

In the following table the

and the second Kala-Kana.

2047160

first

sign

is

Hira-Oana

a

hr

a

hr

iw

(

The double pp,

as,

letters in

(—

ssh

tt,

(

)

Japanese are

shsh), tch

(=

chch),

kk,

:

tts

(=

mm,

The numbers

nn,

teU).

Except ?nm and nn, they are generally written ia kana by replacing the first component by tsu (o or )!> ),

thus

:

rippa

is

^Titten ri-tsu-pa

dolchi is wTitten do-tsu-chi

Double mi-n-na

The

m

i

or

y

n would,

of course,

^^ Y ^^

^i

be written thus:

is not easy they m^^.y, however, be written by the novice by simply repeating the vowel thus ;

:

Tokyo

^ T ±

gozen, (morning)

^

deguchi,

nobori, (for

-

H

12

ifj

Y

ir

ii-3 ir

5 3£

-Y

20

-

j;

n

30

iJ-

30

m

-Y

-

-

''1 ''1 l^ ^ 8 A 9 ii 10

+

H

70

flf

go

-t

qn

+

+ 20

13 -f

«^^

etc.

:

js>

often be seen

gogo, (afternoon)

Tokyo)

Tokyo)

etc.

5oi 60

out)

-fc

-t-

U7

^ «

^-^

+

-b

^

s/ii,

(city)

PJ"

E

^ ^

Bf

ji,

(hour)

^

nimiber)

]£

^ X

getau, tsuki,

^'^orsimply

-t-

100^

^.c

1000 =p

H

/mm, (minute)

or p^ yen, sen.

Kobe

banchi, (house-

^

in)

^ or ^

viachi, (town)

Yokohama

Tokyo Nihon, (Japan)

Taisho,

(year-name)

Q

nichi, hi,

(day, sun) i^ adma, (Mr)

(human = 2-4 cho, (=120 A. S yards) miles) being) ko, (child) H otoko, (man) -^ onna, (woman) ^ okii, (big) chiisai, (small) mizu, (water) iori, ^ Tnaru, (suffix to names of ships) ri,

(

'li'o.

^p.

/]>

-I,

(way

'^ iriguchi,

(month, moon)

-21-400

4M

to

10

;^ A;m, tanc, (monej% metal)

things or the hours of trains.

3

X

up -trains

(way

ip ncn, (year)

2

may

z. (for down-trains from kudari,

^

M

#

3

following characters

as they can frequently be recognised in the prices of

—

and 10 ore abo written thus

jj;

:

Without pretending to go into details as to the Kan-ji, some of the simpler numbers are given*

1

2

-)-

correct wn.y to write long vowels

to explain

The

3

1, 2,

^

1

11)

^Jc

Jjt

When

(ice)

the characters are written with a brush, sometimes the form is the same as the printed characters, sometimes another form is employed ; just as in English the written letters are different to the printed ones.

iw

(

The double pp,

as,

letters in

(—

ssh

tt,

(

)

Japanese are

shsh), tch

(=

chch),

kk,

:

tts

(=

mm,

The numbers

nn,

teU).

Except ?nm and nn, they are generally written ia kana by replacing the first component by tsu (o or )!> ),

thus

:

rippa

is

^Titten ri-tsu-pa

dolchi is wTitten do-tsu-chi

Double mi-n-na

The

m

i

or

y

n would,

of course,

^^ Y ^^

^i

be written thus:

is not easy they m^^.y, however, be written by the novice by simply repeating the vowel thus ;

:

Tokyo

^ T ±

gozen, (morning)

^

deguchi,

nobori, (for

-

H

12

ifj

Y

ir

ii-3 ir

5 3£

-Y

20

-

j;

n

30

iJ-

30

m

-Y

-

-

''1 ''1 l^ ^ 8 A 9 ii 10

+

H

70

flf

go

-t

qn

+

+ 20

13 -f

«^^

etc.

:

js>

often be seen

gogo, (afternoon)

Tokyo)

Tokyo)

etc.

5oi 60

out)

-fc

-t-

U7

^ «

^-^

+

-b

^

s/ii,

(city)

PJ"

E

^ ^

Bf

ji,

(hour)

^

nimiber)

]£

^ X

getau, tsuki,

^'^orsimply

-t-

100^

^.c

1000 =p

H

/mm, (minute)

or p^ yen, sen.

Kobe

banchi, (house-

^

in)

^ or ^

viachi, (town)

Yokohama

Tokyo Nihon, (Japan)

Taisho,

(year-name)

Q

nichi, hi,

(day, sun) i^ adma, (Mr)

(human = 2-4 cho, (=120 A. S yards) miles) being) ko, (child) H otoko, (man) -^ onna, (woman) ^ okii, (big) chiisai, (small) mizu, (water) iori, ^ Tnaru, (suffix to names of ships) ri,

(

'li'o.

^p.

/]>

-I,

(way

'^ iriguchi,

(month, moon)

-21-400

4M

to

10

;^ A;m, tanc, (monej% metal)

things or the hours of trains.

3

X

up -trains

(way

ip ncn, (year)

2

may

z. (for down-trains from kudari,

^

M

#

3

following characters

as they can frequently be recognised in the prices of

—

and 10 ore abo written thus

jj;

:

Without pretending to go into details as to the Kan-ji, some of the simpler numbers are given*

1

2

-)-

correct wn.y to write long vowels

to explain

The

3

1, 2,

^

1

11)

^Jc

Jjt

When

(ice)

the characters are written with a brush, sometimes the form is the same as the printed characters, sometimes another form is employed ; just as in English the written letters are different to the printed ones.

(

12)

CONJUGATION. The following is not an attempt at giving a complete or scientific conjugation of t^e Japanese verb;

this is long and complicated. We have only endeavoured to show the easiest way of forming those parts of the verb in most common use. This book is only intended for begianers; and we believe that the novice will derive more benefit from learning a short abstract of the verb such as given here, than by trying to remember all the forms of the full conjugation.

TABLE 1

I.

(Bases)

(

12)

CONJUGATION. The following is not an attempt at giving a complete or scientific conjugation of t^e Japanese verb;

this is long and complicated. We have only endeavoured to show the easiest way of forming those parts of the verb in most common use. This book is only intended for begianers; and we believe that the novice will derive more benefit from learning a short abstract of the verb such as given here, than by trying to remember all the forms of the full conjugation.

TABLE 1

I.

(Bases)

(

14)

With regard

to Table I, the column 1 gives the terminatioii of the verbs as found in the Dictionary, As the bases of all verbs ending in e.ru and iru are in the same way, some have been distinguished by a decimal point (cru; i-ru): be careful to note whsther the verb has or has not tloia

not formed

point.

Table IT shows what terminations are to be to which base they niust bi added.

added and

In order to conjugate any verb, first f&rm the bases as per Table I and then add to the proper base the termination shown in Table II. Take the verb yohu, for instance. According to the second line of Table I we shall have as bases 1 yohu, 2 yobi, 3 yond, 4 yoha, 5 yob, 6 yobd.

'Many tenses have in Japanese a simple form as yohu corresponding to the passing act and a com* pound foiTn (composed of the gerund and the auxiliary verb i'ru or oru) as yonde iru which corresponds to the contmued act. Thus yobu means I call, yonde iru I am calling. Yohu and yonde iru have the same meanings respectively as yohimasu. and yonda inuisv. but the latter arc more polite. In each case in which a distinction is to be made, the polite forms will be found at the end of the tense. In the imperative, the forms in kudasai are the only really polite ones. The othera savour more or less of a command and should be used only. to inferiors.

The

meaning

future tense

is

of

not so

the

much

Japanese affirmative futurity as uncertainty.

(

15

)

Besides the forms given of the probable past tense we may also obtain others by adding daro or desho to any form of the past tense. The gerund is often used for continuing sentences without the use of a conjunction. For instance : I bought a book hon wo kalmashiia; I bought a book and returned home hon wo katte uchi ni kacrimash'ita.

The conditional serves not only

to express a conoften used to indicate other relations especially that of time. The present or past of the verb followed by n'ara, the 1st form of the present followed by to^ and the gerund followed by U'a, are often about equivalent to a conditional. The desidorative form of the verb is equivalent to a true adjective and has the inflexions of one. For instance: I wish to call, yobitai; if you •wish to call, yobitakereba; I do not wish to call, yobitaku nai ; etc. See pp. 10, 20. It is well to remark that the second base of a verb is frequently used by itself, and in this case it is generally equivalent to a noun. It is called the stem and is met with frequently as the first component of a compound. dition,

but

is

_

VOICES OF VERBS. The Passive is formed by adding re'r\i to the 4th base. In verbs ending in e-ru or i'ru, add rareru to the same 4th base. E.g.: korosu to kill, koroaare-ru to bo killed; tahe-ru to eat, taberare-ru to be eaten. The subject of the Japanese passive is the person affected by the action of the verb ; herefore not necessarily the direct object. The use of the 1

(

14)

With regard

to Table I, the column 1 gives the terminatioii of the verbs as found in the Dictionary, As the bases of all verbs ending in e.ru and iru are in the same way, some have been distinguished by a decimal point (cru; i-ru): be careful to note whsther the verb has or has not tloia

not formed

point.

Table IT shows what terminations are to be to which base they niust bi added.

added and

In order to conjugate any verb, first f&rm the bases as per Table I and then add to the proper base the termination shown in Table II. Take the verb yohu, for instance. According to the second line of Table I we shall have as bases 1 yohu, 2 yobi, 3 yond, 4 yoha, 5 yob, 6 yobd.

'Many tenses have in Japanese a simple form as yohu corresponding to the passing act and a com* pound foiTn (composed of the gerund and the auxiliary verb i'ru or oru) as yonde iru which corresponds to the contmued act. Thus yobu means I call, yonde iru I am calling. Yohu and yonde iru have the same meanings respectively as yohimasu. and yonda inuisv. but the latter arc more polite. In each case in which a distinction is to be made, the polite forms will be found at the end of the tense. In the imperative, the forms in kudasai are the only really polite ones. The othera savour more or less of a command and should be used only. to inferiors.

The

meaning

future tense

is

of

not so

the

much

Japanese affirmative futurity as uncertainty.

(

15

)

Besides the forms given of the probable past tense we may also obtain others by adding daro or desho to any form of the past tense. The gerund is often used for continuing sentences without the use of a conjunction. For instance : I bought a book hon wo kalmashiia; I bought a book and returned home hon wo katte uchi ni kacrimash'ita.

The conditional serves not only

to express a conoften used to indicate other relations especially that of time. The present or past of the verb followed by n'ara, the 1st form of the present followed by to^ and the gerund followed by U'a, are often about equivalent to a conditional. The desidorative form of the verb is equivalent to a true adjective and has the inflexions of one. For instance: I wish to call, yobitai; if you •wish to call, yobitakereba; I do not wish to call, yobitaku nai ; etc. See pp. 10, 20. It is well to remark that the second base of a verb is frequently used by itself, and in this case it is generally equivalent to a noun. It is called the stem and is met with frequently as the first component of a compound. dition,

but

is

_

VOICES OF VERBS. The Passive is formed by adding re'r\i to the 4th base. In verbs ending in e-ru or i'ru, add rareru to the same 4th base. E.g.: korosu to kill, koroaare-ru to bo killed; tahe-ru to eat, taberare-ru to be eaten. The subject of the Japanese passive is the person affected by the action of the verb ; herefore not necessarily the direct object. The use of the 1

(

Japanese passive

is

16)

'

17

)

OBSERVATIONS ON SOME

very different from the English

A^ERBS,

passive.

The Causative voice is obtained by adding se-ru to tlie 4th base. In verbs ending in e-ru or i-ru, sasp'ru is added to the same 4th base. E.g.* kau to buy, hawase'ru to have bought (by somebody); koshirae-ru to make, koshiraesase'ru to have made; I shall liave a tal)le made lebdm wo koshiraesase-

The negative form of the verb aru to be, to have, must be earefuUy noticed and remembered.

mavho. The causative may have two meanings : (a) to cause to do and (b) to allow something to be done.

aru arimasu

AFFIRMATIVE

NEGATIVE infinitive

.

.

.

present

nai ariviasen

;

—

Tl'.e Potential: The Passive does service as a Potential also. Besides this, most verbs (not those ending in e-ru or i-ru) have another form of potential obtained by adding e-ru to the 5th base. Passive, Potential and Causative verbs all end in e-ru ; they may be conjugated regularly.

TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS. In English it often happens that the same verb both transitive and intransitive: in Japanese such verbs have usually only the stem rn common. E.g. kowasu (trans.), koware'ru (intr.) to break. I broke the plate sara wo kowashimashUa; the plate broke is

sara ga kowaremashita.

COMPOUND VERBS. compound forms of the simple tenwhich we spoke above, the Japanese have a very large number of compound verbs: e.g. from noru to get on to, and kae'ru to change, we obtain nori-kacru, to change trains, carriages, etc. The first component is the 2nd base of the verb. Besides the

ses, of

atta arimash'ii

aru

.

past i

atte

.

arimasen deshlta

future

nai dexho arimasen

gerund

nakitte

.

.

arimash

nakatUi

areba

.

confl. present

nakereba

attara

.

cond. past

nakallara

attaro

.

probable past

nakattaro

desiio

The different contractions of the verb de aru are somewhat confusing to a beginner; as this verb is of such frocjueut use we shall give it in the form of a conjugation.

AFFIKMATB'E de

NEGATIVE infinitive

aru,

= de aru desU = de arimasH datta = de := de arimashila daro = de aro desho = de arimasho datlara = de = de da

present

.

atta

deshlta

past futiu'e

.

dattaro

attara

. .

attaro.

. .

cond. past

probable past

wa dewa

de

nai

nai

de toa arimasen

de

wa

nakatta

dewa arimasen deshlta de tea nai desho de wa aritrtasen deshS de nakattara de

wa

nakattarS

(

Japanese passive

is

16)

'

17

)

OBSERVATIONS ON SOME

very different from the English

A^ERBS,

passive.

The Causative voice is obtained by adding se-ru to tlie 4th base. In verbs ending in e-ru or i-ru, sasp'ru is added to the same 4th base. E.g.* kau to buy, hawase'ru to have bought (by somebody); koshirae-ru to make, koshiraesase'ru to have made; I shall liave a tal)le made lebdm wo koshiraesase-

The negative form of the verb aru to be, to have, must be earefuUy noticed and remembered.

mavho. The causative may have two meanings : (a) to cause to do and (b) to allow something to be done.

aru arimasu

AFFIRMATIVE

NEGATIVE infinitive

.

.

.

present

nai ariviasen

;

—

Tl'.e Potential: The Passive does service as a Potential also. Besides this, most verbs (not those ending in e-ru or i-ru) have another form of potential obtained by adding e-ru to the 5th base. Passive, Potential and Causative verbs all end in e-ru ; they may be conjugated regularly.

TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS. In English it often happens that the same verb both transitive and intransitive: in Japanese such verbs have usually only the stem rn common. E.g. kowasu (trans.), koware'ru (intr.) to break. I broke the plate sara wo kowashimashUa; the plate broke is

sara ga kowaremashita.

COMPOUND VERBS. compound forms of the simple tenwhich we spoke above, the Japanese have a very large number of compound verbs: e.g. from noru to get on to, and kae'ru to change, we obtain nori-kacru, to change trains, carriages, etc. The first component is the 2nd base of the verb. Besides the

ses, of

atta arimash'ii

aru

.

past i

atte

.

arimasen deshlta

future

nai dexho arimasen

gerund

nakitte

.

.

arimash

nakatUi

areba

.

confl. present

nakereba

attara

.

cond. past

nakallara

attaro

.

probable past

nakattaro

desiio

The different contractions of the verb de aru are somewhat confusing to a beginner; as this verb is of such frocjueut use we shall give it in the form of a conjugation.

AFFIKMATB'E de

NEGATIVE infinitive

aru,

= de aru desU = de arimasH datta = de := de arimashila daro = de aro desho = de arimasho datlara = de = de da

present

.

atta

deshlta

past futiu'e

.

dattaro

attara

. .

attaro.

. .

cond. past

probable past

wa dewa

de

nai

nai

de toa arimasen

de

wa

nakatta

dewa arimasen deshlta de tea nai desho de wa aritrtasen deshS de nakattara de

wa

nakattarS

18

(

Tho

following

list

(

)

of forms of

common may be

that are pronounced alike or nearly alike useful.

gerund of i-ru to be gerund of iku to go, of iu to say, of iru to need

He itte

vru iru

to be to need

kacru kae-ru

to to

oru

orimasu

to be, oru to break present of oru to be, present of oru to break, present of ori-ru to get o2

kiru ki-ru

to cut to put

suru 8ur^

to do (irrecular) to shave (regular)

toru tcru

to take to pass

imasu iitnasu

present of vru to be present of I'm to say

shite ahitte

gerund of sitru to do gerund of shiru to know

kiite

gerund of kiku to hear gerund of kuru to come, kiru to wear gerund of kiru to cut

kite kitte

ii ii

ii

come back change

on

second base of iu to say colloquial form of yui, second base of yuu, to do up a woman's hair the adj. good.

19)

AD ECTXVE. J

verbs

Adjectives in Japanese, as in English, have no gender, number, nor case.

There are three principal classes of adjectives: true adjectives, adjectives in na and no, presents and pasts of verbs.

The adjective may be used

in four

ways:

as an attribute, in which case it is placed before the noun: e.g. high house takai uchi; kind man sh insets il na hito. 1)

2) as

a predicate in ordinary sentences: e.g. this

house is high kono vxhi tea takai : that man is kind ano hito ua shinselsu de ariynasu [desu]. The verb 'to be' need not be translated when followed by a true adjective.

sentences with the verb 3) as a predicate in polite gozaimasu: e.g. that tree is high ano ki wa iako gozaimasu ; that man is kind ano hito wa shinsetsU de gozaimaaH. has becorne high 4) as an adverb: e.g. that tree ano ki wa takaku narimashlta; that man behaved kindly ano hito wa shinsetsix ni ahita.

True adjectives end in at", ii, oi, ui, their terminations according to the way in which they are used are shown in the following tables. attribute predicate predicate >

with gozaimaa u adverb

takai takai

yasashii yasashii

shiroi shiroi

samui samui

tako

yasaahiu

shird

aamu

takaku

yasashiku

ahiroku

samuku

1 \

\-

J

18

(

Tho

following

list

(

)

of forms of

common may be

that are pronounced alike or nearly alike useful.

gerund of i-ru to be gerund of iku to go, of iu to say, of iru to need

He itte

vru iru

to be to need

kacru kae-ru

to to

oru

orimasu

to be, oru to break present of oru to be, present of oru to break, present of ori-ru to get o2

kiru ki-ru

to cut to put

suru 8ur^

to do (irrecular) to shave (regular)

toru tcru

to take to pass

imasu iitnasu

present of vru to be present of I'm to say

shite ahitte

gerund of sitru to do gerund of shiru to know

kiite

gerund of kiku to hear gerund of kuru to come, kiru to wear gerund of kiru to cut

kite kitte

ii ii

ii

come back change

on

second base of iu to say colloquial form of yui, second base of yuu, to do up a woman's hair the adj. good.

19)

AD ECTXVE. J

verbs

Adjectives in Japanese, as in English, have no gender, number, nor case.

There are three principal classes of adjectives: true adjectives, adjectives in na and no, presents and pasts of verbs.

The adjective may be used

in four

ways:

as an attribute, in which case it is placed before the noun: e.g. high house takai uchi; kind man sh insets il na hito. 1)

2) as

a predicate in ordinary sentences: e.g. this

house is high kono vxhi tea takai : that man is kind ano hito ua shinselsu de ariynasu [desu]. The verb 'to be' need not be translated when followed by a true adjective.

sentences with the verb 3) as a predicate in polite gozaimasu: e.g. that tree is high ano ki wa iako gozaimasu ; that man is kind ano hito wa shinsetsU de gozaimaaH. has becorne high 4) as an adverb: e.g. that tree ano ki wa takaku narimashlta; that man behaved kindly ano hito wa shinsetsix ni ahita.

True adjectives end in at", ii, oi, ui, their terminations according to the way in which they are used are shown in the following tables. attribute predicate predicate >

with gozaimaa u adverb

takai takai

yasashii yasashii

shiroi shiroi

samui samui

tako

yasaahiu

shird

aamu

takaku

yasashiku

ahiroku

samuku

1 \

\-

J

(

20

(

)

What

remains after suppressing the final » of a true adjective is called the stom; it is ofto:i used as the first component of a compound.

is

True adjectives have a kind of conjugation whicii obtained from the adverbial forms; adverb

takakv

past future

taLa/:\Tri. takai.AiKb

of the true adjective are the adverbial; they are illustrated

in the following example:

nalcu

nakatta

nakaro nakide nakereba nakatlara nakcUlaro

No

desu (sometimes abbreviated to n' desu or used as is often added to true adjectives e.g. this house is high kono uchi wa predicates to desu)

:

No desii is likewise often takai (no) desu. to the final verb of a sentence.

The comparison of adjectives is geneitilly not expressed but implied in Japanese: which is the cheaper? dotchi ga ydsiii? dotchi no ho ga yasui? which is the cheapest? dore ga yasui? These sentences all mean: which This

is

is

cheap?

the clieapest (of two or more) kore ga ya-

sui; (of two) kono

of the

lid

ga yasui.

word

'than'

is

shown

in the Dic-

tionary.

not good not well was not good will not bo good not being good if is not good if was not good probably was not good

added

Adjectives in na (or no) change na (or no) into de or gerunds, and into n»

when used as predicates, when vised as adverbs.

imasu.

The use

well

nai

of verbs are frequently used as attributes; but as predicates in ordinary sentences they again become true verbs. Their use will bo understood by this example: a fat woman fulotta onna; that woman is fat ano onna wa futotte

COMPARISOX OF ADJECTIVES.

will

The negative forms

yoku yoku yoku yoku yoku yoku yoku yoku yoku

)

The presents and pasts

was high

be high being high takahi th gerund if is high cond. present takatKHEnx takak\TTAiiA if wlis high cond.past probable past takaksTTARb i^robably was high

obtained from

21

The this

is

superlative may be translated the best kore ga ichiban ii.

by

ichiban:

PRONOUN. The

personal and possessive pronouns are seldom used in Japanese; the context and use of humble words or honorifics are usually enough to show which person is being spoken about. As the sentences translated in this Dictionary have no context, a much freer use of the personal pronoun has been made than is usual in ordinary speaking. There are no relative pronouns in Japanese: examples of how sentences containing relative pronouns can be translated, may be found under the words That, Who, Whom, Which.

(

20

(

)

What

remains after suppressing the final » of a true adjective is called the stom; it is ofto:i used as the first component of a compound.

is

True adjectives have a kind of conjugation whicii obtained from the adverbial forms; adverb

takakv

past future

taLa/:\Tri. takai.AiKb

of the true adjective are the adverbial; they are illustrated

in the following example:

nalcu

nakatta

nakaro nakide nakereba nakatlara nakcUlaro

No

desu (sometimes abbreviated to n' desu or used as is often added to true adjectives e.g. this house is high kono uchi wa predicates to desu)

:

No desii is likewise often takai (no) desu. to the final verb of a sentence.

The comparison of adjectives is geneitilly not expressed but implied in Japanese: which is the cheaper? dotchi ga ydsiii? dotchi no ho ga yasui? which is the cheapest? dore ga yasui? These sentences all mean: which This

is

is

cheap?

the clieapest (of two or more) kore ga ya-

sui; (of two) kono

of the

lid

ga yasui.

word

'than'

is

shown

in the Dic-

tionary.

not good not well was not good will not bo good not being good if is not good if was not good probably was not good

added

Adjectives in na (or no) change na (or no) into de or gerunds, and into n»

when used as predicates, when vised as adverbs.

imasu.

The use

well

nai

of verbs are frequently used as attributes; but as predicates in ordinary sentences they again become true verbs. Their use will bo understood by this example: a fat woman fulotta onna; that woman is fat ano onna wa futotte

COMPARISOX OF ADJECTIVES.

will

The negative forms

yoku yoku yoku yoku yoku yoku yoku yoku yoku

)

The presents and pasts

was high

be high being high takahi th gerund if is high cond. present takatKHEnx takak\TTAiiA if wlis high cond.past probable past takaksTTARb i^robably was high

obtained from

21

The this

is

superlative may be translated the best kore ga ichiban ii.

by

ichiban:

PRONOUN. The

personal and possessive pronouns are seldom used in Japanese; the context and use of humble words or honorifics are usually enough to show which person is being spoken about. As the sentences translated in this Dictionary have no context, a much freer use of the personal pronoun has been made than is usual in ordinary speaking. There are no relative pronouns in Japanese: examples of how sentences containing relative pronouns can be translated, may be found under the words That, Who, Whom, Which.

22

(

(23) CARDINAL NUMBERS.

)

ARTICLE There are no

articles in

Japanese.

first

Abstract nouns are formed by adding: o) koto to an adjective or to the present or past of the verb; Jiayai rapid, hayai koto rapidity; ki ivo tsukeru to

wo tsukeru

careful, kl

an adjective stem;

kulo attention; 6) sa or

takai high, takasa height;

sweet, atnami sweetness;

r>

is somewhat complicated. In tho numbers there are three different sets of

This subject

NOUN be

mi to amai

kc to a noun: shio salt,

ten

numerals. hitotsu

hii

2 ni

jutatsu

ju

3 aan

mittsu

mii

4 shi (or yo or yon)

yottsu

yb

1

ichi

5 go

itsutsu

ii (or itau\

Concrete nouns are sometimes formed by adding mono to nouns, or to the stems of adjectives or

6 roku

muttsu

mu

nanatsu

nana

verbs: e.g. inaka the country, inaka-iitono a rustic;

8 hachi

yatlsu

ya

ahiokr. saltncss.

aoi green,

aomono vegetables; kau

to buy,

kaimono

purcha.se.

The names

of Trades, Artisans,

Shops and Shop-

keepers are formed by adding ya to the name of the article dealt in: e.g. sakana fish, sakana-ya fishmonger (the

man

The sex it is

seldom referred to; when can be done by prefixing for the males, and onna no or me for e.g. ushi any bovine animal, oloko no is

necessary to do so,

it

oloko no or o

the females uslii

or the shop).

of the animal

:

or o-usfii a bull, on>}a no nslii or me-ushi a cow.

The domo,

plural

suffixes,

used.

number may be expressed by adding (which is more polite). These

lachi, or gata

however, are rarely neccssarj' and seldom

7 shichi (or

9ku

nana)

22

(

(23) CARDINAL NUMBERS.

)

ARTICLE There are no

articles in

Japanese.

first

Abstract nouns are formed by adding: o) koto to an adjective or to the present or past of the verb; Jiayai rapid, hayai koto rapidity; ki ivo tsukeru to

wo tsukeru

careful, kl

an adjective stem;

kulo attention; 6) sa or

takai high, takasa height;

sweet, atnami sweetness;

r>

is somewhat complicated. In tho numbers there are three different sets of

This subject

NOUN be

mi to amai

kc to a noun: shio salt,

ten

numerals. hitotsu

hii

2 ni

jutatsu

ju

3 aan

mittsu

mii

4 shi (or yo or yon)

yottsu

yb

1

ichi

5 go

itsutsu

ii (or itau\

Concrete nouns are sometimes formed by adding mono to nouns, or to the stems of adjectives or

6 roku

muttsu

mu

nanatsu

nana

verbs: e.g. inaka the country, inaka-iitono a rustic;

8 hachi

yatlsu

ya

ahiokr. saltncss.

aoi green,

aomono vegetables; kau

to buy,

kaimono

purcha.se.

The names

of Trades, Artisans,

Shops and Shop-

keepers are formed by adding ya to the name of the article dealt in: e.g. sakana fish, sakana-ya fishmonger (the

man

The sex it is

seldom referred to; when can be done by prefixing for the males, and onna no or me for e.g. ushi any bovine animal, oloko no is

necessary to do so,

it

oloko no or o

the females uslii

or the shop).

of the animal

:

or o-usfii a bull, on>}a no nslii or me-ushi a cow.

The domo,

plural

suffixes,

used.

number may be expressed by adding (which is more polite). These

lachi, or gata

however, are rarely neccssarj' and seldom

7 shichi (or

9ku

nana)

(

24)

(

The third set is used in counting over things, e.g. linen to be sent to the wash; one. two, three In otiicr cases the sot to be used hii, fu, viii depends on the noun to which

numeral

tlio

refers:

weight or a) a few nouns, (units of time, money, moasiiro), tako the first sot witliout any auxihary numeral in this case the numeral precedes the noun: e.g. two yen ni-ycn; fifty son go-jis-scn; three ;

o'clock san-ji; six hours rokti-jlkan.

with an auxiliary numeral; in this case the order is: noun, n'.imeral. auxiliary numeral: e.g. six men hito rokunin; eiijht plates sara hachi-mai; three books hon h)

most nouns take the

first sot

ean-satsu.

a good many nouns take the second set; the numeral is placed after the noun: e.g. two eggs tamago juiatsu; three chairs isu mittsu; four boxes hac)

k9 yottsu

nouns tako the second set after suppresnumeral comes before the tsir. the noim: e.g. two nights ftita-ban; three boxfuls mihako; eight months ya-tsuki. d) a few

sing^

the final

House numbers are expressed by the first set of numerals followed by ban if they refer to the European part of tlie town, or banchi Japanese part.

if

they refer to the

AUXILIARY NUMERALS. The auxihary niunerals are very numerous; we name a few of the most common ones. In every cose we have followed the numeration far enough to show the irregularities there may be. shall only

NIN

men:

25)

san-nin, 4 yottarif or yo-nin, 5 go-nin, 6 roku-nin, etc. fr>i'

1

hitori, 2 fulari, 3

HON for cylindrical things, such as sticks, trees pens, etc: I ip-pon, 2 ni-hon, 3 sam-bo7i, 4 shi-hon, 6 go-hon, 6 rop-pon, 7 shichi-hon, 8 hachi-hon, 9 ktihon, 10 jip-pon, etc. MAI for flat things, such as, shoots of boards, coats, rugs, etc: 1 ichi-viai, 2 ni-rnai, etc. DAI

for rikishas, carriages, etc:

4 yo-dai

^

I

ichi-dai, 2 ni-daif

etc.

HiKi for animals, excepting birds: 1 ip-piki, 2 nihiki, 3 sani-biki, 4 slti-hiki, 5 go-Iiiki, 6 rop-piki, 7 ahichi-hiki, 8 hachi-hiki, 9 ku-hik , 10 jip-piki, etc.

WA for birds I ichi-wa, 2 ni-wa, 3 sam-ba, 4 shiwa. 5 go-wa, 6 roku-wa, 7 shichi-wa, 8 hachi-iva, 9 ku-wa, 10 jip-pa, etc. :

HAi for glassfuls, cupfuls, etc. 1 ip-pai, 2 ni-hai, 3 sam-bai, 4 shi-hai, 6 go-hai, 6 rop-pai, 7 shichiliai, 8 hachi-hai, 9 ku-hai, 10 jip-pai, etc. FT7KU for scrolls, sips of tea, whiffs of tobacco, doses of m.edicine, etc. 1 ip-pulai, 2 ni-fuku, 3 sambuku, 4 shi-fjikm, 5 go-fuku, 6 rop-puku, 7 shichijuku, 8 hachi-f-uku, 9 kujuku, 10 jip-puku etc.

8ATSU for books I is-satsu, 2 ni-sat»u, 3 san-acitau, 4 ahi-aaisu, 5 go-satau, 6 yoku-satsu, 7 $hichiaatsu, 8 haa-satsu, 9 ku-aatsu- 10 jia-scUau, etc. SOKtJ for pairs of socks, boots, clogs, etc. I ia-aoku, 2 ni-aoku, 3 aan-zoku, 4 ahi-aoku 5 go-aoku, 6 rokusoku, 7 ahichi-aoku, 8 hcu-soku, 9 ku-aokUf 10 ji»-»oku,' etc

(

24)

(

The third set is used in counting over things, e.g. linen to be sent to the wash; one. two, three In otiicr cases the sot to be used hii, fu, viii depends on the noun to which

numeral

tlio

refers:

weight or a) a few nouns, (units of time, money, moasiiro), tako the first sot witliout any auxihary numeral in this case the numeral precedes the noun: e.g. two yen ni-ycn; fifty son go-jis-scn; three ;

o'clock san-ji; six hours rokti-jlkan.

with an auxiliary numeral; in this case the order is: noun, n'.imeral. auxiliary numeral: e.g. six men hito rokunin; eiijht plates sara hachi-mai; three books hon h)

most nouns take the

first sot

ean-satsu.

a good many nouns take the second set; the numeral is placed after the noun: e.g. two eggs tamago juiatsu; three chairs isu mittsu; four boxes hac)

k9 yottsu

nouns tako the second set after suppresnumeral comes before the tsir. the noim: e.g. two nights ftita-ban; three boxfuls mihako; eight months ya-tsuki. d) a few

sing^

the final

House numbers are expressed by the first set of numerals followed by ban if they refer to the European part of tlie town, or banchi Japanese part.

if

they refer to the

AUXILIARY NUMERALS. The auxihary niunerals are very numerous; we name a few of the most common ones. In every cose we have followed the numeration far enough to show the irregularities there may be. shall only

NIN

men:

25)

san-nin, 4 yottarif or yo-nin, 5 go-nin, 6 roku-nin, etc. fr>i'

1

hitori, 2 fulari, 3

HON for cylindrical things, such as sticks, trees pens, etc: I ip-pon, 2 ni-hon, 3 sam-bo7i, 4 shi-hon, 6 go-hon, 6 rop-pon, 7 shichi-hon, 8 hachi-hon, 9 ktihon, 10 jip-pon, etc. MAI for flat things, such as, shoots of boards, coats, rugs, etc: 1 ichi-viai, 2 ni-rnai, etc. DAI

for rikishas, carriages, etc:

4 yo-dai

^

I

ichi-dai, 2 ni-daif

etc.

HiKi for animals, excepting birds: 1 ip-piki, 2 nihiki, 3 sani-biki, 4 slti-hiki, 5 go-Iiiki, 6 rop-piki, 7 ahichi-hiki, 8 hachi-hiki, 9 ku-hik , 10 jip-piki, etc.

WA for birds I ichi-wa, 2 ni-wa, 3 sam-ba, 4 shiwa. 5 go-wa, 6 roku-wa, 7 shichi-wa, 8 hachi-iva, 9 ku-wa, 10 jip-pa, etc. :

HAi for glassfuls, cupfuls, etc. 1 ip-pai, 2 ni-hai, 3 sam-bai, 4 shi-hai, 6 go-hai, 6 rop-pai, 7 shichiliai, 8 hachi-hai, 9 ku-hai, 10 jip-pai, etc. FT7KU for scrolls, sips of tea, whiffs of tobacco, doses of m.edicine, etc. 1 ip-pulai, 2 ni-fuku, 3 sambuku, 4 shi-fjikm, 5 go-fuku, 6 rop-puku, 7 shichijuku, 8 hachi-f-uku, 9 kujuku, 10 jip-puku etc.

8ATSU for books I is-satsu, 2 ni-sat»u, 3 san-acitau, 4 ahi-aaisu, 5 go-satau, 6 yoku-satsu, 7 $hichiaatsu, 8 haa-satsu, 9 ku-aatsu- 10 jia-scUau, etc. SOKtJ for pairs of socks, boots, clogs, etc. I ia-aoku, 2 ni-aoku, 3 aan-zoku, 4 ahi-aoku 5 go-aoku, 6 rokusoku, 7 ahichi-aoku, 8 hcu-soku, 9 ku-aokUf 10 ji»-»oku,' etc

(

When iiary

yoii don't

number

26)

know wlDch

to use

(

is

you had better ennploy the

?.ll.

of sara ni-mai [two plates] is

but

not right

it

is

For instance, you say snra

intelligible,

if

instead

jutatsn, it

sara ni-hon

is

)

FRACTIONAL NUMBERS.

the proper auxi-

second set of numerals. It may not be correct Japanese, but you will be understood; whereas if you use an incorrect auxiliary numeral you may not be understood at

27

hambun

a half a third a quarter

aani-bun no ichi ah i -bun

no

ichi

ahi-bun no aan three quarters three quarters of an apple ringo no ski -bun no aan

_

B

bun no

A

unintelligible.

numerical

Miscellaneous

:

ORDINAL NUMBERS. The

ordinal

numbers are formed from the

expressions will be age, time, year,

found under the words how, month, day, date, money, etc. car-

HONORIFICS.

POLITE WORDS.

dinal.

In cases a) and d) (page 23) you add me to the noun: e.g. the tiiird ho\iT aan-jikan-mc; the second night futaban-7ne.

In the case of nouns belonging to class b) you fidd me no to the auxiliary numeral. The order of the

words

is:

numeral, auxihary numeral, me no, noun;

the auxiliary numeral can always be replaced by ham. E.g. the sixth man roku-nin-me nohito, roku-

Honorifics are in constant use in Japanese. They largely take the place of personal and possessive pronouns of the second person: thus o tomodachi

the honorable friend, means, your friend.

The honorific particles are o and go; they are very frequently placed before nouns, and sometimes before adjectives. is

a if

bam-m,e no hito; the third book san-aatsu-me no hon,

special verb for the action of the second person, respect this second person is being treated with

ean-bam-me no hon.

saw

In the case of c) add me no to the numeral and put the noun at the end: e.g. the third chair "mittsume no iau.

respectful thus: base of the verb

In verbs

it

sometimes happens that there

:

I

nataimasMt a [deigned to glance]. When no special word exists, verb may sometimes be rendered more the

you

mimashUa;

1) ;

saw

goran

the honorific o;

3) naaaru, ni

nam,

the second or d« goxaru-

2)

(

When iiary

yoii don't

number

26)

know wlDch

to use

(

is

you had better ennploy the

?.ll.

of sara ni-mai [two plates] is

but

not right

it

is

For instance, you say snra

intelligible,

if

instead

jutatsn, it

sara ni-hon

is

)

FRACTIONAL NUMBERS.

the proper auxi-

second set of numerals. It may not be correct Japanese, but you will be understood; whereas if you use an incorrect auxiliary numeral you may not be understood at

27

hambun

a half a third a quarter

aani-bun no ichi ah i -bun

no

ichi

ahi-bun no aan three quarters three quarters of an apple ringo no ski -bun no aan

_

B

bun no

A

unintelligible.

numerical

Miscellaneous

:

ORDINAL NUMBERS. The

ordinal

numbers are formed from the

expressions will be age, time, year,

found under the words how, month, day, date, money, etc. car-

HONORIFICS.

POLITE WORDS.

dinal.

In cases a) and d) (page 23) you add me to the noun: e.g. the tiiird ho\iT aan-jikan-mc; the second night futaban-7ne.

In the case of nouns belonging to class b) you fidd me no to the auxiliary numeral. The order of the

words

is:

numeral, auxihary numeral, me no, noun;

the auxiliary numeral can always be replaced by ham. E.g. the sixth man roku-nin-me nohito, roku-

Honorifics are in constant use in Japanese. They largely take the place of personal and possessive pronouns of the second person: thus o tomodachi

the honorable friend, means, your friend.

The honorific particles are o and go; they are very frequently placed before nouns, and sometimes before adjectives. is

a if

bam-m,e no hito; the third book san-aatsu-me no hon,

special verb for the action of the second person, respect this second person is being treated with

ean-bam-me no hon.

saw

In the case of c) add me no to the numeral and put the noun at the end: e.g. the third chair "mittsume no iau.

respectful thus: base of the verb

In verbs

it

sometimes happens that there

:

I

nataimasMt a [deigned to glance]. When no special word exists, verb may sometimes be rendered more the

you

mimashUa;

1) ;

saw

goran

the honorific o;

3) naaaru, ni

nam,

the second or d« goxaru-

2)

(

28

(29)

)

Besides this use of honorifics in verbs, which consists in distinguishing my act which is ordinary from your act, which is honorable, there are some polite forms of verbs and some special verba which are to be used when speaking to a superior, performs the irrespective of the person who action of the verb. The commonest example of this arp the forms of the verb ending in tnasa, etc: aruku [I walk, you walk, he walks] does when speaking to an inferior or a chum; but ariikiiyiasu. should be use when speaking to anybody to whom we owe respect. Likewise desu, dc.-^liita and d^sho By freare more polite than da, datta and daru. quently replacing the verb aru by gozaru, we can make our conversation still more markedly polite.

Women

A certain class of Japanese words are called postpositions because they are always placed after the word or clause to which they belong. They correspond generally to English prepositions or conjunctions.

Wa

or ga are used after the subject of a sentence; after the accusative case and ni after the dative. Wa is also used after a word or phrase, placed at the beginning of a sentence, to which it is desired to draw special attention.

wo

It is very diflficult to give a rule for the use of or ga after the subject of a sentence.

freely than

men

It is not possible to put every sentence in this Dictionary in both the familiar and polite forms. The reader must mrxke the changes which the circumstances may demand. It has become the custom always to use an honorific prefix before certain words, as o yu hot water; o cha tea; and in these cases the honorific means next to nothing. Indeed, in some instances, the honorific has become incorporated the word and has etitirely lost its meaning, as: onaka [honorable inside] the abdomen. :

m

Be careful not to mix up in one sentence polite and impolite expressions. Go hon wo kasJilte o kure

me your book, would be wrong, because go hon pohte and kashile o kure is a non-polite form of

lend

the imperative.

wa

INTERROGATIONS.

as a rule, use honorifics and polite words

much more

is

POSTPOSITION.

Questions are expressed by putting ka after the verb. When there is already an interrogative word in the sentence, the final ka is not always necessary. Ikaga desu? or ikaga deau ka? are both correct.

The Japanese 'yes' or 'no' refers not to the objective fact nor to what you have said, but to what they think is in your mind. You may often hear things hke th-« Doko de katta no desu ka ? lie, jihun de koshiracla no desu. Where did you buy it ? No I made it myself i.e. your question supposes that I bought it somewhere, that is not

—

:

—

;

made it mj-self. The result of this custom

so, I

when answering but not always, say 'yes' aayo de gozainvasu, where we would say 'no', and 'no' He, where we say 'yes'. Supposing you ask somebody Kyo ikimasen ka ? 'areu't you going a negative question they

:

is,

often,

that

(

28

(29)

)

Besides this use of honorifics in verbs, which consists in distinguishing my act which is ordinary from your act, which is honorable, there are some polite forms of verbs and some special verba which are to be used when speaking to a superior, performs the irrespective of the person who action of the verb. The commonest example of this arp the forms of the verb ending in tnasa, etc: aruku [I walk, you walk, he walks] does when speaking to an inferior or a chum; but ariikiiyiasu. should be use when speaking to anybody to whom we owe respect. Likewise desu, dc.-^liita and d^sho By freare more polite than da, datta and daru. quently replacing the verb aru by gozaru, we can make our conversation still more markedly polite.

Women

A certain class of Japanese words are called postpositions because they are always placed after the word or clause to which they belong. They correspond generally to English prepositions or conjunctions.

Wa

or ga are used after the subject of a sentence; after the accusative case and ni after the dative. Wa is also used after a word or phrase, placed at the beginning of a sentence, to which it is desired to draw special attention.

wo

It is very diflficult to give a rule for the use of or ga after the subject of a sentence.

freely than

men

It is not possible to put every sentence in this Dictionary in both the familiar and polite forms. The reader must mrxke the changes which the circumstances may demand. It has become the custom always to use an honorific prefix before certain words, as o yu hot water; o cha tea; and in these cases the honorific means next to nothing. Indeed, in some instances, the honorific has become incorporated the word and has etitirely lost its meaning, as: onaka [honorable inside] the abdomen. :

m

Be careful not to mix up in one sentence polite and impolite expressions. Go hon wo kasJilte o kure

me your book, would be wrong, because go hon pohte and kashile o kure is a non-polite form of

lend

the imperative.

wa

INTERROGATIONS.

as a rule, use honorifics and polite words

much more

is

POSTPOSITION.

Questions are expressed by putting ka after the verb. When there is already an interrogative word in the sentence, the final ka is not always necessary. Ikaga desu? or ikaga deau ka? are both correct.

The Japanese 'yes' or 'no' refers not to the objective fact nor to what you have said, but to what they think is in your mind. You may often hear things hke th-« Doko de katta no desu ka ? lie, jihun de koshiracla no desu. Where did you buy it ? No I made it myself i.e. your question supposes that I bought it somewhere, that is not

—

:

—

;

made it mj-self. The result of this custom

so, I

when answering but not always, say 'yes' aayo de gozainvasu, where we would say 'no', and 'no' He, where we say 'yes'. Supposing you ask somebody Kyo ikimasen ka ? 'areu't you going a negative question they

:

is,

often,

that

(

30)

(

today If he does not intend to go he will say : Sayo de gozaimasu, and his meaning will be 'The suggestion implied in your negative question is correct I am not going'. If on the other hand he does intend to go, he will answer lie, and he am going.' means 'It is not as you suggest However, if the question is Tetsudatte kndnsaimasen f:n ? won't you kindly help me ? he will think you are counting on hi-s help, and his answer may be K, trtsudattc agcinasu to mo. of course 1 will or lie. lets ltd a i.» as en no, I won't. The bogiuner will lind at safer always to answer que.stions by a verb in the affirmative or negative inflexion, and not merely by yes or no; and he had better always ask questions in the affirmative form.

31

)

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

?'

.

With approximate equivalent

:

;

:

I

:

:

;

ORDER OF WORDS. In Japanese qualifying words precede the words they qualify; postpositions, of course, come after E.g. the tho word or clause to which they belong. red book akni lion ; of tho red book akai Hon no ; the price of the red book akai hon no nedan. The Older of a Japanese sentence is generally as follows: adverbs of time or place, or any word on which enphasis is laid; subject; clauses; dative; accusative; adverb; verb.

HOMONYMS. The beginner must bear ese

homonyms

in mind that in Japanare extremely numerous. A large

number of the words of one or two syllables have several meanings; not a few of them have as many Even among words of three sylas ten or more. lables homonyms are frequently met with.

in

European

Linear Measure

;

10

bu

units.

(

30)

(

today If he does not intend to go he will say : Sayo de gozaimasu, and his meaning will be 'The suggestion implied in your negative question is correct I am not going'. If on the other hand he does intend to go, he will answer lie, and he am going.' means 'It is not as you suggest However, if the question is Tetsudatte kndnsaimasen f:n ? won't you kindly help me ? he will think you are counting on hi-s help, and his answer may be K, trtsudattc agcinasu to mo. of course 1 will or lie. lets ltd a i.» as en no, I won't. The bogiuner will lind at safer always to answer que.stions by a verb in the affirmative or negative inflexion, and not merely by yes or no; and he had better always ask questions in the affirmative form.

31

)

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

?'

.

With approximate equivalent

:

;

:

I

:

:

;

ORDER OF WORDS. In Japanese qualifying words precede the words they qualify; postpositions, of course, come after E.g. the tho word or clause to which they belong. red book akni lion ; of tho red book akai Hon no ; the price of the red book akai hon no nedan. The Older of a Japanese sentence is generally as follows: adverbs of time or place, or any word on which enphasis is laid; subject; clauses; dative; accusative; adverb; verb.

HOMONYMS. The beginner must bear ese

homonyms

in mind that in Japanare extremely numerous. A large

number of the words of one or two syllables have several meanings; not a few of them have as many Even among words of three sylas ten or more. lables homonyms are frequently met with.

in

European

Linear Measure

;

10

bu

units.

there a house to let a here? kono hen ni Icashi-ya ga arimasu ka? 5 Concerning, occupied with what is it all a. . .? do shUa

is

.

no

.

liesu?

while you are a . tsuide ni

.

it

.

sotw

that know nothing a sono koto loa nani mo shirima sen he was talking a... you anaVi no koto too hanashUe I

.

.

.

ima.shit/i

I spoke to your father a goinz tomorrow o to-snn ni ashlUi iku koto wo iimashUa it (and I'll speak to him a. see what can be done) haiM.

.

.

.

miinusho it (for I'll speak to him a. him to dUcoiitinue the bad iimasho practice) It (and I'll speak to him a. see whoMier he can do it) shU".

.

.

. no hanashi de wa

on a

is

desn ka?

.

you need not pay .

.

.

that a. .s for it sore da kara 6 Various does this include everything? kono kanjo ni minna haitte imasu ka ?

tnasu a.

.

Verb

5

Bank watakHshi wa Mitsui Ginko

keshUe iegami too mo mise-nai de

letter

Ache

37

Adie I have an ear-a... mimi ga itai .. iiamu head a... 8 oAama ga itamimaiH; atama ga itai Acid (adj.) sui; suppai Acknowledge (admit) mitome'ru Acquaintance shiite iru hito

to a.

my

.

to settle definitely an a... kirei ni kanjo wo sunt; seisan

1

my

my

down^ to

put

Accustomed

. .

komatte iru

let

anybody

see

Accustomed

(to

be a ... ) na-

rete i'ru

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

to using tsiUcai-

be a to eating tabenarete iru to be a ... to hearing hikinarete i'ru I am a ... to foreign towels toatakushi wa taoruwotsukainarete imasu I am not a ... to Japanese

to

food watakUshi toa Nihon no gohan wo tai>*-narete ima-

mame na

Actor yakusha

onna yakushx; joj/U Actual (true) makoto no; honto no actress

the a. the a. the a.

. .

facts jissai

cost moto-ne genjo . . condition Add (calculation) yose'ru; shime'ru ; (one thing to another) .

.

'

kuwaerru

up

it

kuda-

yosete

words) tokoro;

(in

taku,'

writing) tokoro-gaki; (of a

(in

letter) -ate-na

what

your a

is

.

.

anata no o

.'

.

wa doko desa ka? wa doko desa ka?

tokoro ta-ku

this

my

is

ft.

.

(refering to

.

something written) witakiishi no tokoro-gaki toa kore desa is watakUshi ruy my a .

.

—

—

.

desu tokoro wa give me your a (written) please o tokoro-gaki wo kudo.

sai please

write

.

.

down

the a.

Japanese Nihon no

in

ji

.

de

tokoro-gaki wo kaUe kudasai this letter for me please a . uwagaki too kaite kudasai ni atete a. . it to .

.

—

.

—

kudasai to whom is ttiis letter a...ed? kono tegami wa dare ni kita no desA ka? ask for his name and a . . namae to tokoro too kiite kure

For house-number see p. 16 Adieu saj/onara Admirable kekko na Admiral kaigun-taisho

.

masu Active kappatsU na;

add

please sai

Address

.

.

to be a. . narete i'ru

sen

Acquire (obtain) e'ru Across the road miehi no muko a the park ano he went a hito wa koen wo totfe ikimashita how can one get a . . the river? do shiie kawa wo toatirimasii kaf I came a. . . a friend yesterday sakujitsA tomodachi ni aimashUa Act (deed) okonai; shiwaza to a. . suru; (of the bowels) tsuji ga aru; daiben suru my bowels have acted twice morning kesa ni-do this tsUji ga arimashUa sono ba de in the very a Action (act) okonai; shiwaza; (gesture) miburi (at law) I will bring an a. again&t you anata wo uttae-

Admission

Admire (personal action,

etc.)'

kanskin suru

la... that (somebody's art) kanshin shimashlta

la... that building ano

tatt-

monowarippada sd

[I

to omqiriMthink that building

splendid]

la... the colour of that sash ano obi no iro wa taihen ii Admission free.' tada desa kaf ticket ni/uiSken

a...

is

a.

.

.

30

Account

a... banjo ni ireU ku-

this kore too

dasai 1 will pay the a. . at once kanjo teo sugu ni haraimaBho kindly receipt the a... uketori ni shite kudascn .

anjount Ls still owing kono kanjo wa mada suitde

this

itndsen to pay

an

a

kanjo wo

.

.

.

harau

sum to collect an a

.

.

kanjo wo

.

morau) have an a at the Mitsui

torn (or

.

dare ni kudasai 4 Estimation you must take the circimistances into a . baai too kangae-nakercba nara-nai it is of no a nan de mo nai koto desa .

.

.

what

to

toriMki shite ori-

have an da kara

1 kaj/oi

tliere

.

haraioa-nai de

mo ii

.

—

3 Reason .

.

I did

.

.

.

kara demagA the food is bad I rui

.

[because

am

leav-

ing]

1 didn't go on a... of the rain ame ga jurimashUa kara ikimasen deshita

everybody is in difficulties on a . of this war kotio senso .

ni

.

wa minna

ou no

kore toa

nan

know nothing

I

kore wa ra-nai

of this item

watakUshi

wa

shi-

have only had three botof beer biiru wo sam-

1

ii.

bon

tottu kiri

desU

the

charges are too high liedan ga taka-sugimasU

wish to see, the landlord shujin ni aiiai I shall not pay this kore wa ftaraimasen I

Accusation kitsiimon; togameru koto

of wo tame ni it on a. of yonanata no tame ni shiinashlta I am leaving on a of the . bad food lafte-mono ga wa.

this?

tles

charge it to my a. . . tsukete oite kudasai 2 Narrative hanashi according to his a. . ano hiU> no hanashi de wa

on a

is

desn ka?

.

you need not pay .

.

.

that a. .s for it sore da kara 6 Various does this include everything? kono kanjo ni minna haitte imasu ka ?

tnasu a.

.

Verb

5

Bank watakHshi wa Mitsui Ginko

keshUe iegami too mo mise-nai de

letter

Ache

37

Adie I have an ear-a... mimi ga itai .. iiamu head a... 8 oAama ga itamimaiH; atama ga itai Acid (adj.) sui; suppai Acknowledge (admit) mitome'ru Acquaintance shiite iru hito

to a.

my

.

to settle definitely an a... kirei ni kanjo wo sunt; seisan

1

my

my

down^ to

put

Accustomed

. .

komatte iru

let

anybody

see

Accustomed

(to

be a ... ) na-

rete i'ru

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

to using tsiUcai-

be a to eating tabenarete iru to be a ... to hearing hikinarete i'ru I am a ... to foreign towels toatakushi wa taoruwotsukainarete imasu I am not a ... to Japanese

to

food watakUshi toa Nihon no gohan wo tai>*-narete ima-

mame na

Actor yakusha

onna yakushx; joj/U Actual (true) makoto no; honto no actress

the a. the a. the a.

. .

facts jissai

cost moto-ne genjo . . condition Add (calculation) yose'ru; shime'ru ; (one thing to another) .

.

'

kuwaerru

up

it

kuda-

yosete

words) tokoro;

(in

taku,'

writing) tokoro-gaki; (of a

(in

letter) -ate-na

what

your a

is

.

.

anata no o

.'

.

wa doko desa ka? wa doko desa ka?

tokoro ta-ku

this

my

is

ft.

.

(refering to

.

something written) witakiishi no tokoro-gaki toa kore desa is watakUshi ruy my a .

.

—

—

.

desu tokoro wa give me your a (written) please o tokoro-gaki wo kudo.

sai please

write

.

.

down

the a.

Japanese Nihon no

in

ji

.

de

tokoro-gaki wo kaUe kudasai this letter for me please a . uwagaki too kaite kudasai ni atete a. . it to .

.

—

.

—

kudasai to whom is ttiis letter a...ed? kono tegami wa dare ni kita no desA ka? ask for his name and a . . namae to tokoro too kiite kure

For house-number see p. 16 Adieu saj/onara Admirable kekko na Admiral kaigun-taisho

.

masu Active kappatsU na;

add

please sai

Address

.

.

to be a. . narete i'ru

sen

Acquire (obtain) e'ru Across the road miehi no muko a the park ano he went a hito wa koen wo totfe ikimashita how can one get a . . the river? do shiie kawa wo toatirimasii kaf I came a. . . a friend yesterday sakujitsA tomodachi ni aimashUa Act (deed) okonai; shiwaza to a. . suru; (of the bowels) tsuji ga aru; daiben suru my bowels have acted twice morning kesa ni-do this tsUji ga arimashUa sono ba de in the very a Action (act) okonai; shiwaza; (gesture) miburi (at law) I will bring an a. again&t you anata wo uttae-

Admission

Admire (personal action,

etc.)'

kanskin suru

la... that (somebody's art) kanshin shimashlta

la... that building ano

tatt-

monowarippada sd

[I

to omqiriMthink that building

splendid]

la... the colour of that sash ano obi no iro wa taihen ii Admission free.' tada desa kaf ticket ni/uiSken

a...

is

a.

.

.

Admit

38

Admit (let in) ircru; (ac knowledge) milomerti Adopt (a-i a ^oii) voshi wo

sum;

(of

a

daiialiter) yojo

wo

suru .

.

.

hi

.d

.

l\'n)io /ji/uin/ri

ga aru

iiuize-r.iono

tuini ni chi-

y:a

na i mil

Advince

(improve) suxumu; out on account of (p;iV another) tatek-neru

to

a.

.

.

price

in

ne-age

pay

a

in

.

. .

I

dcsi't

pay

in a.

.

.? saki-barai

there is no a... toku ga nai to take a... of the circum'^tance^ baai wo riyo suru Adventure lo fiave an a... lik'^n ni au a.,.r (injiio-t'ir) jiiimashi Advert Iscitijnt '.'livha 1

idverti^e h'lku'-n mru (counsel) chdkoku IKtPr of a annni-jo

Ad .'Ice a

kowagara-nai

a.,,

mo a am a .

Anxi.'tv are you a... of? nnni ga kizukui na no di'^u.' of spollinq my I am a... dres? kiiiumo wo lioim^n no ga aliiniijdi d toii ko.

.

hanaslii 7Hisai

.

dckini'ifiUDvii

I

.

shire-nai

omoiinnshilii it won't be ready I am a. .

[he says

don't be a. to speak A-awi«i"niasen kara go enryo naku o

.

2

'tie

.

kari: toii ko.

.

hanaslii 7Hisai

.

dckini'ifiUDvii

I

.

shire-nai

omoiinnshilii it won't be ready I am a. .

[he says

don't be a. to speak A-awi«i"niasen kara go enryo naku o

.

2

'tie

.

kari: t

until

.

.

.

.

.

ymoshii ka? a... with me (my opinion)? anata mo so omo:masii ka.'

do

you

cannot a.

.

to that shochi

.

ga dekimasen

cannot

a

.

.

with you so de

.

ma nai desho we had a...d

this

to

and

cannot be altered yakusoku shita kara kaeru koto wa dekimasen Japanese tea does not agree with me Nihon no o cha wa waVikHshi ni yolcv, arimasen Agreeable see NICE Agreement yakiisoku; yaku jo yakujo sum to make an a. it

.

Ahead

.

(in

saki;

(first)

front)

mvko will

I

AU

41

Agree

my

saki ye iki-

c

inasu

in all

a.

.

.

.

.

.

(t\ine) jushi

to put on a. .s kidoru Alcohol anikoru Alight v.i.oriru Alike to be a nite rru they are both a. . ryoho onaji desH exactly a. . sakoshi mo chigawa-nai Alive (to be a ikiie on* ) (not polite) is your father a anata tea tu-san ga arimasii ka! .

.

.

all together.'

minna

dem ka? taking it all together (on the whole) daitai kara ieba of us mina you mina san day long ichi-nichi'jii

all of all

.

my

night long yo-iit, year round nen-ju

all tlie

saki e o-ide

.

but

de ii.ura

all

an

(to

.

.

minna de

how much

inferior)

.

.

nakunarimashila mina; minna. .lapanese houses are very clean Nihon wa no ie minna taihen ni kirei desU I don't understand it all minmi ire nakariniasen

go straight a... massugu ni vmko e o-ide nasai I cannot see a... muko ga mie-nai Air kaki pure a. ii kiiki close a wand kuki to a ... a room heya ni kaze wo ireru to a... a mattress ffiton wo liosi'i fto dry a mattressl

a.

a.

all

all

you go

is

All

all

go a...

father

mother is dead chichi wa ikiie ima&U ga haha wa

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .«

one's life ixsho; shinu made all the time shijH all right (in answer to: may I do this?) yoroshii; ii; (in

answer e;

(in

to: shall

answer

I

to:

do

this?)

let's

do

verb in the future all at once (suddenly) /ct,amV (all at the same time) ichido ni once tV,r all mo kore kiri all the better nao ii all tlie worse nao warui not at all (none, by no means) siikoshi nw with neg; with neg; (after: kesshite thank you) do iUtshimashite 1 am not at all angry sUkosh2 mo okoUe im/isen I don't understand it all chitto mo toakarimasen this will ' not do at all kore de wa totemo ikemasen nothing at all nan de mo nai at all events do shite mo; tonikaku mo this) ttie

AU

42

Almost

over (finished) mo o shimai; (covering everything)

throw

it

Jtako

no

ifhimfn: darake

kure I inquired at

all

it

great ouantity)

over tno

all

is

(in

de^'i;

mo

[there

is

o shimai

shi-lcaUi ga Jielp for it]

covere ith snow ichini yUKi ga /urimashita over mud dcrro-darake over the place doko ni de

all

men all

all

mo to pieces mecha-mecha ni

all

for all that sore

he

na nn ni

come on Sunday

will

he ano

if

comes at all moshi mo ga kuru to mreba

hi to

ni-

ni kimasil all the same onaji koto

chiijd it

is

detu the

same

all

keredo}no four died

yottari

tomo

shinda

know

all

shira-noi

mono wa

nai [double negative]; minna thitte

imasu

men love money dare mo kane wa suki desi'i

all

de

after all tsumari; tolo after all I foraot it tOlu wantrele shiniatia after all he's only a boy of fouiteen taka ga ju-shi 710

it

all

id

gone mo

this

nearly

is

all

all

o to-san

there

is

.

.

yurushi

me.'

kudasaimasen ka?

—

me to offer you See ACCEPT FOOD, is smoking a...ed here? koko de tnbako too nonde ;

mo

kaniairivasen ka!

ano

to do as he likes no sUki na yo ni

h'llo

sanenuisu don't a... that

mo

tlie

to

ii

kore kin

out uri-kire-

a.

.

.

heart

knkorn

house

kesxhite uchi

wa nara-nai him to go ikasete

ye

yari

nasai

even

a...ing

that

sore

ni

mo

am

ready thi de dekimasu See NEARLY a

a.

all

.

.

.

.

md

kuma-

.

.

.

.

.

a. . the river kawa ni sote I knew it all a ha,ime kara sore wo shitte orimasu .

.

come

a.

.

.

.

o^ide nasai

.

.

.

.

Aloud oki na koe de

A

.

.

mo seen

.

wa mo

toaUi-

tore too

mima-

2 Kei)eated act mae ni mo I have a... heard that sore

wa mae

ni

mo

kikiinashita

mo buy

iairruisho

.

.

kore

mo

yatte

this a. .. kore

—

mo

only but a... bakari de naku mo put in not only this but a that kore bakari de naku sore mo irete o kure .

.

.

ed kore wo

.

.

.

mo

dekimasen a... wrong guimasii he is not a

marude

it is

chi-

happy

sonvo- ni onioshiroku nio nai sS .

.

desu See ALL

Always (without exception) itsa dc mo; (without intenuption) he is always out when I go wataknshi ga iku toki ni wn ilau de mo rusu desU the kitchen of that house is a. kept clean ano uchi no daidokoro wa itsd de mo kirei .

.

ko wa

crying

shijii naite iru

are you a... in itamimasit ka?

pain?

have you a... lived

shijii.

Tokyo (from the beK'inning)? hajime kara Tokyo ni o in

sumi desrX ka? Japan a... been divided into ken (from a long time ago)? mukashi kara Nihon wa ken ni wakarete

has

Bend ttiis a. hudasai I will

.

Although kcredomo; mo; no ni See THOUGH Altogether how much does it come to a. ..? minna de ikura desa ka? it is a impossible do thite

0410 it

shita

Also

.

ni nalte, imatif< that child is always

mo

single act

have a

.

shiju

go a.'. with you wwo ni ikiinasho to bring a. witk o;.e ic person or anijnal) Umrete kuni; i-\ thing) itujtte kuru 1 will

I

this a

.

da Along

1

naoxu

want

naoshite moraitai

.

.

rect) I

hitori de

leave it a... siltitt uite o kure; (don't touch) ijira-nai de kure are the childrei; all a...' kodomo duke desu ka? did you two go &. J fUtuii dake de ikinwshita Kai^ are are going a ? o hitori de o-ide nasu imasu ka? he a can do it sore ga dekiru no wa ano hito bakari

—

tuko-

.

Ambassador Alter v.t. (change) teerw; (cor-

me a... please wa-ruii de ktidasai

leave

not

Almost I

Alone

kdshi

prevent yon .^onna kuto u>a kamatoade

43

Already

la... him

shite

my

.

you must not allow him into

thatV all sore dake I have all I want mo takHtan all

you a

a...

mashUa with knra

yurushimashUa

w't

ka? will

irete

soid

all taigai

Allow (permit) yuntsiX did your father a... you?

nakunari-

nai is

mazu

fir^t of all

mashita

it

all

mimashUa

ntti

kodmno ja nai ka? by all means zehi

all

de sMete o

did you two go all by yourselves? jutari dake de ikiinamaslvta ka? I pulled with all my strength chikara '-.vpai tii hippatta it will take all next year raU nen ippai knkaHmasA there is all this konna ni takOsan arimasii

(nevertheless)

all

mama

the booksfinbo no hon-ya de kiile

ellers'

nai

no

sway box and

Alone

—

in^U ka? are crows a

.

.

.

black (every

one of them)? karasu wa minna kuroi mono desH ka? XmAtein shirdto

Ambassador

tniRJii

AU

42

Almost

over (finished) mo o shimai; (covering everything)

throw

it

Jtako

no

ifhimfn: darake

kure I inquired at

all

it

great ouantity)

over tno

all

is

(in

de^'i;

mo

[there

is

o shimai

shi-lcaUi ga Jielp for it]

covere ith snow ichini yUKi ga /urimashita over mud dcrro-darake over the place doko ni de

all

men all

all

mo to pieces mecha-mecha ni

all

for all that sore

he

na nn ni

come on Sunday

will

he ano

if

comes at all moshi mo ga kuru to mreba

hi to

ni-

ni kimasil all the same onaji koto

chiijd it

is

detu the

same

all

keredo}no four died

yottari

tomo

shinda

know

all

shira-noi

mono wa

nai [double negative]; minna thitte

imasu

men love money dare mo kane wa suki desi'i

all

de

after all tsumari; tolo after all I foraot it tOlu wantrele shiniatia after all he's only a boy of fouiteen taka ga ju-shi 710

it

all

id

gone mo

this

nearly

is

all

all

o to-san

there

is

.

.

yurushi

me.'

kudasaimasen ka?

—

me to offer you See ACCEPT FOOD, is smoking a...ed here? koko de tnbako too nonde ;

mo

kaniairivasen ka!

ano

to do as he likes no sUki na yo ni

h'llo

sanenuisu don't a... that

mo

tlie

to

ii

kore kin

out uri-kire-

a.

.

.

heart

knkorn

house

kesxhite uchi

wa nara-nai him to go ikasete

ye

yari

nasai

even

a...ing

that

sore

ni

mo

am

ready thi de dekimasu See NEARLY a

a.

all

.

.

.

.

md

kuma-

.

.

.

.

.

a. . the river kawa ni sote I knew it all a ha,ime kara sore wo shitte orimasu .

.

come

a.

.

.

.

o^ide nasai

.

.

.

.

Aloud oki na koe de

A

.

.

mo seen

.

wa mo

toaUi-

tore too

mima-

2 Kei)eated act mae ni mo I have a... heard that sore

wa mae

ni

mo

kikiinashita

mo buy

iairruisho

.

.

kore

mo

yatte

this a. .. kore

—

mo

only but a... bakari de naku mo put in not only this but a that kore bakari de naku sore mo irete o kure .

.

.

ed kore wo

.

.

.

mo

dekimasen a... wrong guimasii he is not a

marude

it is

chi-

happy

sonvo- ni onioshiroku nio nai sS .

.

desu See ALL

Always (without exception) itsa dc mo; (without intenuption) he is always out when I go wataknshi ga iku toki ni wn ilau de mo rusu desU the kitchen of that house is a. kept clean ano uchi no daidokoro wa itsd de mo kirei .

.

ko wa

crying

shijii naite iru

are you a... in itamimasit ka?

pain?

have you a... lived

shijii.

Tokyo (from the beK'inning)? hajime kara Tokyo ni o in

sumi desrX ka? Japan a... been divided into ken (from a long time ago)? mukashi kara Nihon wa ken ni wakarete

has

Bend ttiis a. hudasai I will

.

Although kcredomo; mo; no ni See THOUGH Altogether how much does it come to a. ..? minna de ikura desa ka? it is a impossible do thite

0410 it

shita

Also

.

ni nalte, imatif< that child is always

mo

single act

have a

.

shiju

go a.'. with you wwo ni ikiinasho to bring a. witk o;.e ic person or anijnal) Umrete kuni; i-\ thing) itujtte kuru 1 will

I

this a

.

da Along

1

naoxu

want

naoshite moraitai

.

.

rect) I

hitori de

leave it a... siltitt uite o kure; (don't touch) ijira-nai de kure are the childrei; all a...' kodomo duke desu ka? did you two go &. J fUtuii dake de ikinwshita Kai^ are are going a ? o hitori de o-ide nasu imasu ka? he a can do it sore ga dekiru no wa ano hito bakari

—

tuko-

.

Ambassador Alter v.t. (change) teerw; (cor-

me a... please wa-ruii de ktidasai

leave

not

Almost I

Alone

kdshi

prevent yon .^onna kuto u>a kamatoade

43

Already

la... him

shite

my

.

you must not allow him into

thatV all sore dake I have all I want mo takHtan all

you a

a...

mashUa with knra

yurushimashUa

w't

ka? will

irete

soid

all taigai

Allow (permit) yuntsiX did your father a... you?

nakunari-

nai is

mazu

fir^t of all

mashita

it

all

mimashUa

ntti

kodmno ja nai ka? by all means zehi

all

de sMete o

did you two go all by yourselves? jutari dake de ikiinamaslvta ka? I pulled with all my strength chikara '-.vpai tii hippatta it will take all next year raU nen ippai knkaHmasA there is all this konna ni takOsan arimasii

(nevertheless)

all

mama

the booksfinbo no hon-ya de kiile

ellers'

nai

no

sway box and

Alone

—

in^U ka? are crows a

.

.

.

black (every

one of them)? karasu wa minna kuroi mono desH ka? XmAtein shirdto

Ambassador

tniRJii

America Amerika; (in compounds) liei I am an American wataku-

wa Amerika-jin

shi

American legation Beikoku koshi-kan Amiable yasashii Among 710 naka ni; no uchi ni no tomodachi friends, a naka ni these people there's not a. one that 1 know kono uchi ni shi tie iru hUo wa hitori mo .

.

.

.

an ma sen these please choose from a. kono uchi kara erande kuda.

.

sai

some good ones them naka ni wa ii no

there are

a

.

.

.

mo am Amount what

taka; tlie

is

minna de minna de

a....^

ikura desu ka?

the a... of :t depends on nimotsu no taka luggage ni yorimasu so-daka whole a .

.

.

shime'ru to find the a. Amuse tanoshimaseru; asoomoskirogarase'ru baseru; it is very a... iug taihen omn.

bring

my

hat and umbrella

wo moUe

kasa

boshi to

kite

kure

have bought a pen, a penand some paper pen cil to, empitsu to, kam-i wo kaima-

I

desO,

the

.

Angry

44

America

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

:

I can't stand it tamara-nai; gaman ga deki-nai

SOME DISAQREEABLB REMARKS TO THE SECOND PERSON stupid donkey manuke ! :

shita

The conjunction between two clauses of a sentience is expressed by putting the verb of the first clause in the gerundial form. the boy caught a bird and

gave

to his friend

it

wo

ga tori

kodomo

tomodachi ni

totte

yarii.-ishUa

you ought to work and not talk hanashi wo ahi-nai de hataraku fiazu da of adjective? generally be expressed by putting all, except the last, in the gerundial form. a loug and interesting letter nagakixte omoshiroi tegami pretty and dear kirei de takai fat and dirty (Utotte kitanai the letter that came this morning was long and interesting kesa4ciUi tegami wa nagakute omoshirokatta

The conjunction

may

!

you are a liar uso-t^uki ! you are a nuisance urusai t don't talk nonsense baka na koto ivo iu na you are a rude fellow shitsHrei !

!

.

.

okoTU taihen okohe was very a. .

.

rimashUa you a

are

.

su ka ? 1 am not a I

am

a

.

.

.

.

iru nd de-

? okotte

.

.

ate ni narimasen he is not a very good sort of pereon amari yoku naihitoda he is a nasty fellow iya na hUo da he is a chatterbox zuibun

o-shaberi da

Animal

.

.

.

imasen

okotte

with you anata no .

is

.

not a.

.

ga okotte i-nakereba

.

anohito

ii

dobutsfi

.

baka ni

tsU;

mo

it is

ing

to

noise! a yakamashii\ none of your business kore wa omae no shitta koto

don't want it soon (tadaima)

want it immediately todaja nai 6-isogi da you are a slow-coach noroma you are very careless sosokI

ii7ia

bctsii

Dring

mo

yara-nai it's no use fyour talking, I wont give in) dame desu that's quite enough I don't ichi-rin

;

to liear anything more about it sore de ii, mo nani mo kikitaku nai can't you understaiTT) that I

^

don't want it when i say 1 don't ? ira-nai to itta no ni

wakara-nai no ka ? get out of the way and pass

doki nrntai

mo

Mto-

etc accord-

ichi-mai;

what

me

a. hitotsU .

kure bottle a .

Ls

no

wo nw .

wont give you another cent

mo

.

referred to; see p. 24; (a different one) hoka no; betsii no; (instead of) hoka no; (separate)

ja nni I

.

Another (one more)

shite iru

what a

.

.

peach

nwmo

motte kite o

beer

of

please

wo mo ip-pon

o kure not a cent mo is-sen mo nai (different) newsI want a paper hoka no shimbun ga biiru

have

1

.

.

.

.

.

want

koto da okotte imasti with me watadon't be a. kHshi no koto wo okora-naide

kudasai 1 hope he

is a terrible liar osaroshii uso-tsUki da he is not to be depended upon

1

1

I

okottf i'ru

.

.

he

na yatsH. da Anniversary kinem-bi you are very lazy anata vxi Annoy (cause inconvenience namakemono da to) korruirase'ru ; (tease) tViif you don't look out I'll call me'ru a policeman ki wo tsUke-nato feel a ed jireru ; (trouIcereba junsa wo yobu zo bled) komaru shut up damare Annual reinen no you are cheating me anutri

kashii

to be a to get a.

Another

SOME DISAQREEABtK REMARKS okorase'ru make a ABOUT THJ£ THIRD PERSON how &nnoyins komatta mon da

to

Angry

shiroi

ing those children are a themselves over that game ano kodomo-tachi wa taiso omoshtro-so ni asonde imasu I am a...d at the monkey watakHshi wa saru ga omoshiroi no desu to a ... a baby akambo wo ayasu Ancient mukashi no And The conjunction of nouns placing expressed by is to after each, but the last to i« generally omitted.

45

Angry

.

hoshii

boat betsu he came by a no tune de kimashita .

.

.

two years mo ni-nen day (not today) itsuka; a. (not the same day) hoka no k

.

.

.

.

.

hi let

me

one after a... hUotsU zutsU; Mtori zutsU

America Amerika; (in compounds) liei I am an American wataku-

wa Amerika-jin

shi

American legation Beikoku koshi-kan Amiable yasashii Among 710 naka ni; no uchi ni no tomodachi friends, a naka ni these people there's not a. one that 1 know kono uchi ni shi tie iru hUo wa hitori mo .

.

.

.

an ma sen these please choose from a. kono uchi kara erande kuda.

.

sai

some good ones them naka ni wa ii no

there are

a

.

.

.

mo am Amount what

taka; tlie

is

minna de minna de

a....^

ikura desu ka?

the a... of :t depends on nimotsu no taka luggage ni yorimasu so-daka whole a .

.

.

shime'ru to find the a. Amuse tanoshimaseru; asoomoskirogarase'ru baseru; it is very a... iug taihen omn.

bring

my

hat and umbrella

wo moUe

kasa

boshi to

kite

kure

have bought a pen, a penand some paper pen cil to, empitsu to, kam-i wo kaima-

I

desO,

the

.

Angry

44

America

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

:

I can't stand it tamara-nai; gaman ga deki-nai

SOME DISAQREEABLB REMARKS TO THE SECOND PERSON stupid donkey manuke ! :

shita

The conjunction between two clauses of a sentience is expressed by putting the verb of the first clause in the gerundial form. the boy caught a bird and

gave

to his friend

it

wo

ga tori

kodomo

tomodachi ni

totte

yarii.-ishUa

you ought to work and not talk hanashi wo ahi-nai de hataraku fiazu da of adjective? generally be expressed by putting all, except the last, in the gerundial form. a loug and interesting letter nagakixte omoshiroi tegami pretty and dear kirei de takai fat and dirty (Utotte kitanai the letter that came this morning was long and interesting kesa4ciUi tegami wa nagakute omoshirokatta

The conjunction

may

!

you are a liar uso-t^uki ! you are a nuisance urusai t don't talk nonsense baka na koto ivo iu na you are a rude fellow shitsHrei !

!

.

.

okoTU taihen okohe was very a. .

.

rimashUa you a

are

.

su ka ? 1 am not a I

am

a

.

.

.

.

iru nd de-

? okotte

.

.

ate ni narimasen he is not a very good sort of pereon amari yoku naihitoda he is a nasty fellow iya na hUo da he is a chatterbox zuibun

o-shaberi da

Animal

.

.

.

imasen

okotte

with you anata no .

is

.

not a.

.

ga okotte i-nakereba

.

anohito

ii

dobutsfi

.

baka ni

tsU;

mo

it is

ing

to

noise! a yakamashii\ none of your business kore wa omae no shitta koto

don't want it soon (tadaima)

want it immediately todaja nai 6-isogi da you are a slow-coach noroma you are very careless sosokI

ii7ia

bctsii

Dring

mo

yara-nai it's no use fyour talking, I wont give in) dame desu that's quite enough I don't ichi-rin

;

to liear anything more about it sore de ii, mo nani mo kikitaku nai can't you understaiTT) that I

^

don't want it when i say 1 don't ? ira-nai to itta no ni

wakara-nai no ka ? get out of the way and pass

doki nrntai

mo

Mto-

etc accord-

ichi-mai;

what

me

a. hitotsU .

kure bottle a .

Ls

no

wo nw .

wont give you another cent

mo

.

referred to; see p. 24; (a different one) hoka no; betsii no; (instead of) hoka no; (separate)

ja nni I

.

Another (one more)

shite iru

what a

.

.

peach

nwmo

motte kite o

beer

of

please

wo mo ip-pon

o kure not a cent mo is-sen mo nai (different) newsI want a paper hoka no shimbun ga biiru

have

1

.

.

.

.

.

want

koto da okotte imasti with me watadon't be a. kHshi no koto wo okora-naide

kudasai 1 hope he

is a terrible liar osaroshii uso-tsUki da he is not to be depended upon

1

1

I

okottf i'ru

.

.

he

na yatsH. da Anniversary kinem-bi you are very lazy anata vxi Annoy (cause inconvenience namakemono da to) korruirase'ru ; (tease) tViif you don't look out I'll call me'ru a policeman ki wo tsUke-nato feel a ed jireru ; (trouIcereba junsa wo yobu zo bled) komaru shut up damare Annual reinen no you are cheating me anutri

kashii

to be a to get a.

Another

SOME DISAQREEABtK REMARKS okorase'ru make a ABOUT THJ£ THIRD PERSON how &nnoyins komatta mon da

to

Angry

shiroi

ing those children are a themselves over that game ano kodomo-tachi wa taiso omoshtro-so ni asonde imasu I am a...d at the monkey watakHshi wa saru ga omoshiroi no desu to a ... a baby akambo wo ayasu Ancient mukashi no And The conjunction of nouns placing expressed by is to after each, but the last to i« generally omitted.

45

Angry

.

hoshii

boat betsu he came by a no tune de kimashita .

.

.

two years mo ni-nen day (not today) itsuka; a. (not the same day) hoka no k

.

.

.

.

.

hi let

me

one after a... hUotsU zutsU; Mtori zutsU

Any

46

Another

Anxious (to b« a...) shimpai suru about my I am very a friend watakushi no tomoAnswer henji dachi no koto wo shimpai fieiiji wo sum to a shite imasu I am a... to know watatdwhat is yoiir a....' fienjiMa shi wa shiru made wa shimikaga desiif pai desu I want a w vlttem. .tegami anshin sura; kure not to be a o de hen'd wo shite shimpai shi-nai I wart a plain a... hnkkiri time (next time) tsu{;i a. ni; kondo: (once more) niata o tagai ni one a ( persons) .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

kure shlti henji uo Anv I want a plain a... yes or have you any bread* pam no inaya no henji wo ghite ga arimnsi't ka? kure there is not any arimasen please let me have an answer any letter come for hayes or no as 'ioon as po^-^ible me.' wntnknshi ni tegami ga dekirn-dake fiaynku inaya no kimashlta ktf heniiwo siiitc tudasai have you any money with your reply is not an a. . to you.' aiuila wa koko ni kartt my qucVtion go henji wa u-o motte iiiiasen kaf uatashi no kiifc yatla koto no any money? you hnven't henji ni natlc iituisen kane iia i,a-nai (at all

.

.

1 don't mind what a. dare ga nan to itte mo

Anyhow

mo

it is none of your busi. . ness nani mo anata no shitta ko'o de wa nai a it seems that he went himself nan de mo jibun de itta yo desa

ii

axe any of these to your taste? dore ka o ki ni irimashiia ka? any soft wood will do nun de mc yauarakai ki de ii

tco

ka'

I

wo

Europeans consider rude

f

Any

events)

tcni-

Apart to be a... Jianarete i'ru to be far a... kake-luinarete

i'ru do shite mo; (in any way) do de mo; (notwith- Aperient

kak-u;

standing that) sore de mo (hat won't do a... do shite

mo a... I

mo do

ike-nai shall go out dekakemashA

it

tai

a...

diO

de

ma

tonikaku

hazu please

o shi na-

gezui

Apologise ayfimaru the least you can do is to ' a... ayamaru gurai wa suru desCi

accept

my

apolo-

gies yurushite kudasai Apothecary kfisuri-ya

Apparatus kiiai Appear (seem) mieru it

a...s

it

a... 3

to

toatakiifhi

no

tea votii; (si^ape) kata-

^ko

»...

to save

wo Juim

nil*

taimen

a.. .8

wo

ta-

motsu

*n*ka ga

a....»

gHkhnashita kaf

have no

a...

onaka ja suki-

masen Apple ringo Apply a...

too

,.

for

;

.

a situation xuenx

tanomu

whom must

la...? dare ni

tanomimasho hat this does not a... to

wa

toa watashi ni

me

kore

kanRei ga

particulars a... to num. 60 kuwashii koto wa roku-ju-bun de o kiki nasai

farther

Approve

to

ii

omou

that sore

a... ffi; smina ni yasrishiku wa nai 10 AS--AS(s\;perLative degree) run to the house as fast as you can dfliru dale hayak-u uchi kokHe itte •> intre take as inncl; a-* you want iru dake u tori tiasai as many a» there are aru dake rti

high as Ashiuoyu? Vuniotu wa Ashinuj/u to ona/i (jurai takai tokoro desit kai [sua high a place as] I have as much money as you wataki'ishi wa annUi to ODuji

is

you hase as many oranges as

An

61

AS

is

Ass roha;

(fool) t>aka

yoku nete

60

As struck me as we were speakini; havashUe iru uchi ni ki ga tsukimaxhUa 5 AS (opportunity) tntide ni as you are about it o tsuide ni as you are going to Tokyo you might get it for lue Tokyo e iku o tsuide ni sore too katte kite kudasai as I am going to Nikko I

AS gurai karu ga arcmasd

It

shall visit Cliuzenji NikkS e iku, tmiide ni Chuzenji e

ikimasho 6 AS (because) I wl«li to

night as

my account toam leaviri;: tarly

pay I

to-morrow iiuiniing mi/ojsa hayaku del.akcuixii ka;a kombun kanjd wo haTaimasu as you will not come with me anataoaissho ni ika-nni Inra as It has been raining the roads are in a bid condition ante (ja jvUe luichi o't- uanii I got up tliis momiiiK eiirlier tTian u^d.il as I wiinlcd to go for a \\alk krsa iia sampo tii ihi V^iiie ni Judan yon

haynlu 7

ol.in)f!x/iU/i

AS (httle ree?)

by

iiltle,

by

daka

yoku nete

Assist tets&dau; (for more important things) sewa wo suru; (ill case of absolute

tasukeru ance sewa a. thanks to your kind a. . .ance bodily need .

AttentUn

82

Assist

i

do you I will

X a.

,

so

maHaku

odorohasu;

hikkuri

you

.

it

is

so na no desii

sdt>eru

to be a. suru

am

I

a

.ed odoroku; bikkuri

.

seti

a

.

.

ed bikkuri shima-

sMta it is

I

a

.

.

.

ing odoroita

ed you should say am a such a thins anata ga sanna .

.

.

koto wo iwij to iva omoimasen deshlUi [I didn't tliink you could say such a thing] At (object) wo; (place) at

something is done) (place in which some-

which de;

thing exists) ni am looking a. tlie civstle shiro wo mite itnasd I bought it at Tokyo Tokyo de kaimnxhUa

1

.

.

home? o your mother a. kd-sanwa o uchi niorimasu

is

.

.

a... my house tomodachi no uchi ni orimasho at your house o taku ae (or ni) stop at that watchmaker's ana tokei-ya no tnae de tomete kure to arrive at Tokyo T^kyo ni tsUku a. . . 3 o'clock san'ji ni a. . 10 o'clock a. . . night ban no ju-'ji ni will friend's

.

the same

nedan

10 buy these cups a. each kono chawan wo .

.

zutfiii de kaimashS your request I wrote to friend o tanomi de tomo-

.

tegami

dachi ni mashita

a

.

a. a.

.

.

.

.

.

.

first

wo

kaki-

hajime wa

least siXkunaku nw all events do shite mo;to-

nikaku mo the latest osoku mo a any time itsa de mo a. a. a. a.

.

.

.

.

.

.

most

mo;

okiite

seizei

.

.

.

.

.

.

ddji ni

Attack (a person) ni/utte kakaru; (lit. and fig.) kogeki suru to bo a...edby (a desease) nilkakaru

Attempt

see

find

me

power

Try

yon a ... to it please? dS ni ka shite kudasai I will a ... to it do ni to $hi-

will

masho .

tsUkete

.

.

.

domo

iro-iro arigato gozaimashita

to attract a.

.

.

hUome wo

hiku to attract one's a...

mx

ni

tomaru to pay no a. . to wo mimi ni mo tome-nai; kamawa-nai de to something to call a, .

.

nen wo oaH

.

iiiin-jo

.

hiku Auction seri-ufi; okushon to -sell by a. . seri-uri suru .

wo

anata ga kimashita toki ni watakashi wa orimasen dSni

.

J

iku-nichi tsUkaemasii kaf this ticket is a for 3 days . kono kippu wa mikka tsUkae.

.

rnasH a.

means aru dake

.

.

no shudan

my

a.

.

.

money aru dake

no kane deshlta

Avenue r.amiki; namiki-michi Average heikin is

the a.

.

price.*

.

heikin

no nedan wa ikur* desu ka? how many n da on an a. yon walk a day< iehi-nichi heikin nan-ri arukimasH ka? .

.

Avoid

you must

a.

.

.

disputes kenka ni sh^te o kure

Awake

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

lor how many days is this ticket a... kono kippu wa

all

ichi-ri saki . far a . zuttu gaki to go » . ittf shimau go a. . .1 atchi e o iki nasai\ get ^... (from that thing) sono soba ni ite wa ike-nai Awful osoroshii ly osoroshiku; taihen; see a also VERY Awkward hetn na (inconvenient) it is very a . .

Authority ken-i the a ies tokyokHsha written authorisation inin-jo Autumn aki

every

shita

a mile a. .

August hnchi-gatsU Aunt oba; oba san Author chonha .

to be a. . fusu de aru; or the neg. of oru when you came I was a. . .

hitome

.

what

ki wo pay a thank you for the a. .

.

there was no money a. . . kane wa sUkoshi mo dekimasen

Attend

please

of a.

Attract hiku to a. . attention

Available

once sum ni times toki-doki the same time (nevera theless) keredomo; (not later) .

Away

Attorney (lawyer) benaoshi

.

Attention

ka?

you

.

.

my

.

.

.

jis-sen

Assure ukeau

Astonish

.

kore tea onaji

de urimasu kaf

.

o seiva sama Association kumiai; kai

sell this a.

price?

Back

53

Attorney

(to

getting into shi-nai yo

wo

be a.

samete i'ru is he awake.' imasH, ka? See Wakb

.

b

.

.

.

shaberi

r

Baby akambo Back (of the body) senaka;

place) kaette

to go b

.

.

.

kuru

(to another place kaette iku

than home)

I am going b... home uefd e kaerimasa here.' ano has he come b. hito wa koko « kaette kima-

m«

ga

ga samete

.

.

b.

.

shita ka?

when wiU he be ..)

(of

a house) ura the garden is at the b. . . of the house ura ni niwa ga arimasH; niuM wa uehi no ura ni arimasu to come or go b... (home) kaent to come b... (to another

hito

to

me

.

komatta mon da Axle shimbo Babble shaberu

wa kaerimasa

Tokyo and b

.

.

. .'

ttsa

ano

kaf .

Tokyo «

dfUku

how

long does it take to go to the post office and b...

Assist tets&dau; (for more important things) sewa wo suru; (ill case of absolute

tasukeru ance sewa a. thanks to your kind a. . .ance bodily need .

AttentUn

82

Assist

i

do you I will

X a.

,

so

maHaku

odorohasu;

hikkuri

you

.

it

is

so na no desii

sdt>eru

to be a. suru

am

I

a

.ed odoroku; bikkuri

.

seti

a

.

.

ed bikkuri shima-

sMta it is

I

a

.

.

.

ing odoroita

ed you should say am a such a thins anata ga sanna .

.

.

koto wo iwij to iva omoimasen deshlUi [I didn't tliink you could say such a thing] At (object) wo; (place) at

something is done) (place in which some-

which de;

thing exists) ni am looking a. tlie civstle shiro wo mite itnasd I bought it at Tokyo Tokyo de kaimnxhUa

1

.

.

home? o your mother a. kd-sanwa o uchi niorimasu

is

.

.

a... my house tomodachi no uchi ni orimasho at your house o taku ae (or ni) stop at that watchmaker's ana tokei-ya no tnae de tomete kure to arrive at Tokyo T^kyo ni tsUku a. . . 3 o'clock san'ji ni a. . 10 o'clock a. . . night ban no ju-'ji ni will friend's

.

the same

nedan

10 buy these cups a. each kono chawan wo .

.

zutfiii de kaimashS your request I wrote to friend o tanomi de tomo-

.

tegami

dachi ni mashita

a

.

a. a.

.

.

.

.

.

.

first

wo

kaki-

hajime wa

least siXkunaku nw all events do shite mo;to-

nikaku mo the latest osoku mo a any time itsa de mo a. a. a. a.

.

.

.

.

.

.

most

mo;

okiite

seizei

.

.

.

.

.

.

ddji ni

Attack (a person) ni/utte kakaru; (lit. and fig.) kogeki suru to bo a...edby (a desease) nilkakaru

Attempt

see

find

me

power

Try

yon a ... to it please? dS ni ka shite kudasai I will a ... to it do ni to $hi-

will

masho .

tsUkete

.

.

.

domo

iro-iro arigato gozaimashita

to attract a.

.

.

hUome wo

hiku to attract one's a...

mx

ni

tomaru to pay no a. . to wo mimi ni mo tome-nai; kamawa-nai de to something to call a, .

.

nen wo oaH

.

iiiin-jo

.

hiku Auction seri-ufi; okushon to -sell by a. . seri-uri suru .

wo

anata ga kimashita toki ni watakashi wa orimasen dSni

.

J

iku-nichi tsUkaemasii kaf this ticket is a for 3 days . kono kippu wa mikka tsUkae.

.

rnasH a.

means aru dake

.

.

no shudan

my

a.

.

.

money aru dake

no kane deshlta

Avenue r.amiki; namiki-michi Average heikin is

the a.

.

price.*

.

heikin

no nedan wa ikur* desu ka? how many n da on an a. yon walk a day< iehi-nichi heikin nan-ri arukimasH ka? .

.

Avoid

you must

a.

.

.

disputes kenka ni sh^te o kure

Awake

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

lor how many days is this ticket a... kono kippu wa

all

ichi-ri saki . far a . zuttu gaki to go » . ittf shimau go a. . .1 atchi e o iki nasai\ get ^... (from that thing) sono soba ni ite wa ike-nai Awful osoroshii ly osoroshiku; taihen; see a also VERY Awkward hetn na (inconvenient) it is very a . .

Authority ken-i the a ies tokyokHsha written authorisation inin-jo Autumn aki

every

shita

a mile a. .

August hnchi-gatsU Aunt oba; oba san Author chonha .

to be a. . fusu de aru; or the neg. of oru when you came I was a. . .

hitome

.

what

ki wo pay a thank you for the a. .

.

there was no money a. . . kane wa sUkoshi mo dekimasen

Attend

please

of a.

Attract hiku to a. . attention

Available

once sum ni times toki-doki the same time (nevera theless) keredomo; (not later) .

Away

Attorney (lawyer) benaoshi

.

Attention

ka?

you

.

.

my

.

.

.

jis-sen

Assure ukeau

Astonish

.

kore tea onaji

de urimasu kaf

.

o seiva sama Association kumiai; kai

sell this a.

price?

Back

53

Attorney

(to

getting into shi-nai yo

wo

be a.

samete i'ru is he awake.' imasH, ka? See Wakb

.

b

.

.

.

shaberi

r

Baby akambo Back (of the body) senaka;

place) kaette

to go b

.

.

.

kuru

(to another place kaette iku

than home)

I am going b... home uefd e kaerimasa here.' ano has he come b. hito wa koko « kaette kima-

m«

ga

ga samete

.

.

b.

.

shita ka?

when wiU he be ..)

(of

a house) ura the garden is at the b. . . of the house ura ni niwa ga arimasH; niuM wa uehi no ura ni arimasu to come or go b... (home) kaent to come b... (to another

hito

to

me

.

komatta mon da Axle shimbo Babble shaberu

wa kaerimasa

Tokyo and b

.

.

. .'

ttsa

ano

kaf .

Tokyo «

dfUku

how

long does it take to go to the post office and b...

Back

64

Vubin-hyohi e ofUku done gurai kakarimasH kai to send b . . . kaem to carry a baby on the b. .

akambo too obuu lie on one's b... tiomuke

to

m Tie'ru

Bad tParui a b boy warui kodomo; .

.

.

ike-nai ko

a b. . one warui no da I have a b finger watakHski wa j/tibi ga warui no it is

.

.

.

.

desU that 'a. b.,. gore tea ikemasen it i* too bad (what a pity) oshii koto da

b. . language want-kuchi to go b. . (of proviaions) wo.

.

rukunaru Bag fHkuro hand-b.

..

.

te-haban

.

Ball tama.; mari

Ballo«n keikikyu; (toy) fUten take

Banana banana Band (of music) gakuiai Bandage hotai Bang v.i. (as a door) patan

.

.

.

.

masho I did not b. Wa. ammari

K) b

.

.

.

.

for that

.

son

da

(haggle) neffint

Barge temma Bark hoe'ru that dog b...B all night long ano inu wa yo-jU has-

masu (of

tepvo no tsvisO, Barrister bengoshi Base (that on which a thing rests) dmi; (of a column) hashirm-dai; (fig.) moto b. (mean) iyatfni .

.

Basin (small) domburi; (large) hachi washing-b... kana-darai Basket kago; zaru wicker-work b . . (for lug-

to

river)

.

.

.

.

atsu-stiffim

please reduce the temperature sukoshi amete o kure want an attendant to wash

I

my

back senaka. wo

mrratte

moraitai kara sansuke (male; jochU female) wo yonde kudasai please scrub

my back a bit senaka wo sUkoshi kosutU o kure I wish to b. .e In the sea; is there a good place.' ff>»Uak&shi wa umi ni hairiiai ga ii tokoro ga arimasH Irn,? where can leave my clothes.' doko ni yofuku wo okimasho .

J.

The Japanese bathe

in very

hot water about 110'-113°F (44°-45''C.)

Jattle senso; ikHsm iri-umi; (id compounds)

—

wan Tokyo b. Tokyo-wan Be (in speaking of things

a hot b... y« ni

with life) iru; oru; (of inanimate things) am; (when foil, by a noun or pronoun

.

.

wo taU'm to take hairu

.

furo furo-ba . (hot) fvro

yu; yiidono;

room b to prepare the b .

to take a cold b. . . mizu ni hairu the b... ready^ furo wa wahimashita kaf please tell me as soon as the b ... is ready furo ga waUara sugu ni oshiete o kure e first watak^ I wish to b shi wa ichi-ban saki ni furo ni hairUai when will the b. . . be ready? furo wa nan-ji ni wakimasH ka? please lend me a bath -robe and towel yukata to tenttffui wo kashUe kudasai the water is too hot yu ga is

Bay

shoski

Batb (hot)

86

Bath

kaf

wastepaper- b . kamUcuatkago Bastard shiseiji; (recognised by father but not legitimised)

.

Bankrupt hasan shUa hUo Banquet go-chisd

.

.

no kishi

a

.

.

sum

(of

.

gage) yansgi-gori

oto ga Bank (for money) giriko; (of a river) kishi both b. . .s (of a river) ryo-hS

opposite b... hawa tnuko

.

a tree) ki no Jeawa Barley o-mugi Barracks hciei Barrel (cask) tarn; (of a gun)

Balance (scales) hakari; (of an account) sashiJiiki Balcony nikai no engawa Bald liage-atama Bale kori

Bamboo

Bar (metal rod) hano'bli Barber toko-ya b shop toko-ya Bare see nakei> Bargain (a cbe '.o thing) yasui kai-mono to conclude a b... (agreement) yakujo sum I will give you this into the b kore wo o make ni agtr

b.

Baggage see LuaoAOX Bake yaku b r pan-ya .

Batb

.

.

Be as a predicate) de aru, see p. 27; (when equivalent to: to become) nam; (when foE, by a true ad] as a predicate It is not translated) how are you.? iJcaga desH kaf I am ill byobi desQ. I am cold watakHshi itw

samui I

am

not cold samuku ari-

masen she

is

not very old sonna ni

toihiyori de wa arimasenis this man.' kono hUo

who wa how

dare desU kat

much

is

it»

sore

wa

ikura desU kaf is there any bread/ pan ga arimasU kaf to be in tuhi ni oru; oru to be out (from home) rusu de aru; or the neg. of I shall not be here tomorrow myonichi wa toko ni

»m

orimasen

have you ever been

in NaNagasah gasaki.' anata ni ita koto ga arimasH kaf let it be sfUete oke be careful ki wo tsUkete o

wa

kure be quiet shizuka ni shite o kure be a good child ii ko' ni o nari be so kind as to lend me a bath-robe dSzo yukata wo kashiU kudasai o« that as it may sore wa so to

be here by ten o'clock j^ji

made ni o-ide nasai I can not be there before 8 o'clock hachi- ji mae ni wa ikaremasen not there sokoni arimasen

it is

Back

64

Vubin-hyohi e ofUku done gurai kakarimasH kai to send b . . . kaem to carry a baby on the b. .

akambo too obuu lie on one's b... tiomuke

to

m Tie'ru

Bad tParui a b boy warui kodomo; .

.

.

ike-nai ko

a b. . one warui no da I have a b finger watakHski wa j/tibi ga warui no it is

.

.

.

.

desU that 'a. b.,. gore tea ikemasen it i* too bad (what a pity) oshii koto da

b. . language want-kuchi to go b. . (of proviaions) wo.

.

rukunaru Bag fHkuro hand-b.

..

.

te-haban

.

Ball tama.; mari

Ballo«n keikikyu; (toy) fUten take

Banana banana Band (of music) gakuiai Bandage hotai Bang v.i. (as a door) patan

.

.

.

.

masho I did not b. Wa. ammari

K) b

.

.

.

.

for that

.

son

da

(haggle) neffint

Barge temma Bark hoe'ru that dog b...B all night long ano inu wa yo-jU has-

masu (of

tepvo no tsvisO, Barrister bengoshi Base (that on which a thing rests) dmi; (of a column) hashirm-dai; (fig.) moto b. (mean) iyatfni .

.

Basin (small) domburi; (large) hachi washing-b... kana-darai Basket kago; zaru wicker-work b . . (for lug-

to

river)

.

.

.

.

atsu-stiffim

please reduce the temperature sukoshi amete o kure want an attendant to wash

I

my

back senaka. wo

mrratte

moraitai kara sansuke (male; jochU female) wo yonde kudasai please scrub

my back a bit senaka wo sUkoshi kosutU o kure I wish to b. .e In the sea; is there a good place.' ff>»Uak&shi wa umi ni hairiiai ga ii tokoro ga arimasH Irn,? where can leave my clothes.' doko ni yofuku wo okimasho .

J.

The Japanese bathe

in very

hot water about 110'-113°F (44°-45''C.)

Jattle senso; ikHsm iri-umi; (id compounds)

—

wan Tokyo b. Tokyo-wan Be (in speaking of things

a hot b... y« ni

with life) iru; oru; (of inanimate things) am; (when foil, by a noun or pronoun

.

.

wo taU'm to take hairu

.

furo furo-ba . (hot) fvro

yu; yiidono;

room b to prepare the b .

to take a cold b. . . mizu ni hairu the b... ready^ furo wa wahimashita kaf please tell me as soon as the b ... is ready furo ga waUara sugu ni oshiete o kure e first watak^ I wish to b shi wa ichi-ban saki ni furo ni hairUai when will the b. . . be ready? furo wa nan-ji ni wakimasH ka? please lend me a bath -robe and towel yukata to tenttffui wo kashUe kudasai the water is too hot yu ga is

Bay

shoski

Batb (hot)

86

Bath

kaf

wastepaper- b . kamUcuatkago Bastard shiseiji; (recognised by father but not legitimised)

.

Bankrupt hasan shUa hUo Banquet go-chisd

.

.

no kishi

a

.

.

sum

(of

.

gage) yansgi-gori

oto ga Bank (for money) giriko; (of a river) kishi both b. . .s (of a river) ryo-hS

opposite b... hawa tnuko

.

a tree) ki no Jeawa Barley o-mugi Barracks hciei Barrel (cask) tarn; (of a gun)

Balance (scales) hakari; (of an account) sashiJiiki Balcony nikai no engawa Bald liage-atama Bale kori

Bamboo

Bar (metal rod) hano'bli Barber toko-ya b shop toko-ya Bare see nakei> Bargain (a cbe '.o thing) yasui kai-mono to conclude a b... (agreement) yakujo sum I will give you this into the b kore wo o make ni agtr

b.

Baggage see LuaoAOX Bake yaku b r pan-ya .

Batb

.

.

Be as a predicate) de aru, see p. 27; (when equivalent to: to become) nam; (when foE, by a true ad] as a predicate It is not translated) how are you.? iJcaga desH kaf I am ill byobi desQ. I am cold watakHshi itw

samui I

am

not cold samuku ari-

masen she

is

not very old sonna ni

toihiyori de wa arimasenis this man.' kono hUo

who wa how

dare desU kat

much

is

it»

sore

wa

ikura desU kaf is there any bread/ pan ga arimasU kaf to be in tuhi ni oru; oru to be out (from home) rusu de aru; or the neg. of I shall not be here tomorrow myonichi wa toko ni

»m

orimasen

have you ever been

in NaNagasah gasaki.' anata ni ita koto ga arimasH kaf let it be sfUete oke be careful ki wo tsUkete o

wa

kure be quiet shizuka ni shite o kure be a good child ii ko' ni o nari be so kind as to lend me a bath-robe dSzo yukata wo kashiU kudasai o« that as it may sore wa so to

be here by ten o'clock j^ji

made ni o-ide nasai I can not be there before 8 o'clock hachi- ji mae ni wa ikaremasen not there sokoni arimasen

it is

Become

56

Be

he Ls much better now taihen yoku narimashita I wish to be called early tomorrow morning asMta no asa hapaku okoshUe moraitai it is wrapped up in a cloth furoshiki n» tsuUunde ari-

masu what

is

there inside? sono

naka ni nani ga

haitte

imasu

kaf

not a thing to be highly recommended ammari hometa koto de u>a nai

it is

am

i to register this letter? kono tegctmi wo kaki-tome ni sum no desu ka? this is where you are to sleep omae ma koko ni neru vo da naraba if that be so so what am I to do? do sKltara ka? ii it is all right isn't it? kore de ikemasen ka? is to hazu da the meeting is to begin at 3 o'clock kai wa san-ji ni

hand okureru

I

koto ga ichiban kirai cannot b ... to see anything wasted nan de mo muda ni sunt no wa ichi-ban kirai

b.

nam

tsumori desu, [l)ecome a doctor] do you like being a soldier? luilai wa do desi ka? is?ia

tii

Beach umibe

in

this

.

mind

oboete

o kure

ite

b

.

.

.

down

6a-

price)

(in

.

mono wa nai Beautiful kirei na; utsUkushii

a b. woman bijin; beppin Because kara; ito tame ni; gerund I can't go b... of the rain .

ame

qn futte iru kara ikaremasen; ame ga jutte ikaremasen of him ano Mto no b .

.

tame ni Beckon le-maneki

Become

sum

r^oru

s dark very early b hayuku kuratii narimasH boots have b uselesi watakvshi no kutsti wa uamt

it

.

.

.

my

.

.

.

sora-mame;

ni narimashita has b... a painter ano hUo wa e-kaki ni narima-

dnizu;

shita

Bean

mame;

(broad

b...9)

(haricot b...s) (french b. . .8) in-

gen-mame Bear

he

what has b...

cannot b... this tamaranai I cannot b... to see such cruelty sonna mugoi koto 1

wa mile irare-nai I cannot b . to be behind.

.

watakiishi shita ka?

of

no boshi

what has b...

my

hat.'

wa dS

ol him.»

ano

Mto wa do shimashita ka? sash D...S you sono obi wa anata ni yoku ni

that

aimasti

.

my

is

b.

.

.

.

toko

ga

[to

lie

thikemashita ka? .

.

.

neru

put away

nete i'ru the b . . . toko t6o .

.

katazukete o kure clothes laton . . stead (foreign) ne-dai .

b

.

b.

b

.

Before

good night o Bee hacM Beef gyHniku Beer biiru

.

me have

makura wa iy» da kara zabuton ni-san-mai himo de shibatte o kure please bottle

in a hot water yutampo wo irete o

put

kure are there any mosquitoes here ? koko ni ktL ga imasH ka? put up the mosquito net kaya wo tsutte o kure there is a hole in the mosquito net kaya ni ana ga aru

kite

o

kure

have you any Kirin or Asahl b...t I do not Tike the other brands Kirin ka Asahi ga arimasH ka? hoka no wa kirai desH

me the b immediately, I am very tliirsty nodo ga kawaite shiyo ga nai kara, swju ni biiru wo

another

quilt (blanket) kake-buton wo WW ichi-mai please let me have another quilt (mattress) shiki-buton wo mo ichi-mai are these sheets' clean? shiitsH wa araUe kara dare mo IsHkawa-nai no desH ka? [has any body used these sheets after the wash?] put the pillow on this side kolchi no ho ni rrutkura wo mukete o kure as I can't sleep on a Japanese pillow, please roll two or three cushions and tie them together Nihon no

of b...

bottle

ip-pon motte

biiru

bring

room ne-ma let

me a

bring

.

.

please

yMumi naiai

.

ready.'

down]

makesase'TU to be beaten by you anata ni make'ru nothing b. .8 (is better than) a rikisha kuruma yori ii

.

prejwre my b. . . (Jap.) toko wo shiite o kure netai I wish to go to b

to be in b

or animals) (other things) titsU

tsii;

to

Bed toko

to go to b.

See BORN Beard hige Beat (men

.

karimaru hazu da be off atchi e ike I am going to be a doctor

.

67

Bed

.

,

.

motte kite o kure Beet-root aka-kabu; biitsU Before mae; saki; (till) made; (in front of) no maeni; (formerly) sen wa I shall go out b. 9 o'clock ku-ji mae ni dekakemasho you ought to have done it anata wa mae ni sore b .

.

.

.

.

wo

shite oku hazu da have heard of this b...

I

kore

wa mae

ni

Jeiita

koto

ga aru as I said b.

.

.

mae ni hana-

shita tori

same as

the

mae no

b...

tori

hand mae-motte long b zutto mae b

.

.

.

.

.

.

long chikai uchi ni b ,b... this (in historical narration) kore yori saki to go b... (ahead) taki t .

.

.

iku I

didn't notice it told me ano hUo shi

b... he no hana-

wo kiku made

thirima-

sen desMta

he

was standing

b

.

.

.

the

Become

56

Be

he Ls much better now taihen yoku narimashita I wish to be called early tomorrow morning asMta no asa hapaku okoshUe moraitai it is wrapped up in a cloth furoshiki n» tsuUunde ari-

masu what

is

there inside? sono

naka ni nani ga

haitte

imasu

kaf

not a thing to be highly recommended ammari hometa koto de u>a nai

it is

am

i to register this letter? kono tegctmi wo kaki-tome ni sum no desu ka? this is where you are to sleep omae ma koko ni neru vo da naraba if that be so so what am I to do? do sKltara ka? ii it is all right isn't it? kore de ikemasen ka? is to hazu da the meeting is to begin at 3 o'clock kai wa san-ji ni

hand okureru

I

koto ga ichiban kirai cannot b ... to see anything wasted nan de mo muda ni sunt no wa ichi-ban kirai

b.

nam

tsumori desu, [l)ecome a doctor] do you like being a soldier? luilai wa do desi ka? is?ia

tii

Beach umibe

in

this

.

mind

oboete

o kure

ite

b

.

.

.

down

6a-

price)

(in

.

mono wa nai Beautiful kirei na; utsUkushii

a b. woman bijin; beppin Because kara; ito tame ni; gerund I can't go b... of the rain .

ame

qn futte iru kara ikaremasen; ame ga jutte ikaremasen of him ano Mto no b .

.

tame ni Beckon le-maneki

Become

sum

r^oru

s dark very early b hayuku kuratii narimasH boots have b uselesi watakvshi no kutsti wa uamt

it

.

.

.

my

.

.

.

sora-mame;

ni narimashita has b... a painter ano hUo wa e-kaki ni narima-

dnizu;

shita

Bean

mame;

(broad

b...9)

(haricot b...s) (french b. . .8) in-

gen-mame Bear

he

what has b...

cannot b... this tamaranai I cannot b... to see such cruelty sonna mugoi koto 1

wa mile irare-nai I cannot b . to be behind.

.

watakiishi shita ka?

of

no boshi

what has b...

my

hat.'

wa dS

ol him.»

ano

Mto wa do shimashita ka? sash D...S you sono obi wa anata ni yoku ni

that

aimasti

.

my

is

b.

.

.

.

toko

ga

[to

lie

thikemashita ka? .

.

.

neru

put away

nete i'ru the b . . . toko t6o .

.

katazukete o kure clothes laton . . stead (foreign) ne-dai .

b

.

b.

b

.

Before

good night o Bee hacM Beef gyHniku Beer biiru

.

me have

makura wa iy» da kara zabuton ni-san-mai himo de shibatte o kure please bottle

in a hot water yutampo wo irete o

put

kure are there any mosquitoes here ? koko ni ktL ga imasH ka? put up the mosquito net kaya wo tsutte o kure there is a hole in the mosquito net kaya ni ana ga aru

kite

o

kure

have you any Kirin or Asahl b...t I do not Tike the other brands Kirin ka Asahi ga arimasH ka? hoka no wa kirai desH

me the b immediately, I am very tliirsty nodo ga kawaite shiyo ga nai kara, swju ni biiru wo

another

quilt (blanket) kake-buton wo WW ichi-mai please let me have another quilt (mattress) shiki-buton wo mo ichi-mai are these sheets' clean? shiitsH wa araUe kara dare mo IsHkawa-nai no desH ka? [has any body used these sheets after the wash?] put the pillow on this side kolchi no ho ni rrutkura wo mukete o kure as I can't sleep on a Japanese pillow, please roll two or three cushions and tie them together Nihon no

of b...

bottle

ip-pon motte

biiru

bring

room ne-ma let

me a

bring

.

.

please

yMumi naiai

.

ready.'

down]

makesase'TU to be beaten by you anata ni make'ru nothing b. .8 (is better than) a rikisha kuruma yori ii

.

prejwre my b. . . (Jap.) toko wo shiite o kure netai I wish to go to b

to be in b

or animals) (other things) titsU

tsii;

to

Bed toko

to go to b.

See BORN Beard hige Beat (men

.

karimaru hazu da be off atchi e ike I am going to be a doctor

.

67

Bed

.

,

.

motte kite o kure Beet-root aka-kabu; biitsU Before mae; saki; (till) made; (in front of) no maeni; (formerly) sen wa I shall go out b. 9 o'clock ku-ji mae ni dekakemasho you ought to have done it anata wa mae ni sore b .

.

.

.

.

wo

shite oku hazu da have heard of this b...

I

kore

wa mae

ni

Jeiita

koto

ga aru as I said b.

.

.

mae ni hana-

shita tori

same as

the

mae no

b...

tori

hand mae-motte long b zutto mae b

.

.

.

.

.

.

long chikai uchi ni b ,b... this (in historical narration) kore yori saki to go b... (ahead) taki t .

.

.

iku I

didn't notice it told me ano hUo shi

b... he no hana-

wo kiku made

thirima-

sen desMta

he

was standing

b

.

.

.

the

68

Before shop ano

mae

wa mit* no imashita

hito

ni taUe

I never understood it b hajimete wakarimashita [I understood it for the first .

.

Believe of spring hatsu-ham . .ning b . ner (student) shogaMt' sha

b.

.

Behave you b

very badly omae uxi gtfogi ga warui

time] just b

.

.

I went out chSdo

.

dekakeyo

to

sum

tokoro e

b... he had time to say a word Mto-hoto iu ma mo naku, shinunashita please mend it as b moto wfl yo ni naoshiU kudasai I will have finlshod reading

he died

.

.

.

he comes ano h'lto no ko-nai uthi ni yonde shimai-

it

b.

.

.

mashv b.

.

it

.

gets dark akarui uchi

kuraku nara-nai ucH ni

ni:

.

.

Beggsr Begin

.

hoyiki liajime/ru

.

(trans.); ?td-

.

futXe kimashUa; ame ga ittridaihimasfiita to b . to cry naki-fiasu . to walk aruki-dasu to b b. . plea8e(to read) yotm-hakudasai rimete b.. .ning hayime at the very b...niiig idiiban hajime .

.

.

.

.

gt/offi

.

.

.

Hshiro ni the other rikisha

way b... mo kuruma wa zutto iniasd the train

sha

ni

ato

.

.

.

time K>

you must not do things b my back naisho-goto wothitt .

.

ike-nai

you were talking about mo b... my back anata im wntalci'iski no kage-goto U0 iimashita to be b . hand okureru Believe omou;shinjiru;honloni .

b ... so so omo7ma»& it watabiUhi r dou t b so omoimasen .

I

.

cannot b

.

.

.

Belly hara; onaka

Belong

whom

does this b wa dare no desH kat belongs to me kore

it

.

.

.

that $ore

.

wa

nobody b...8 such

(t thing darf mo sonna koto wo honto ni shi-nai it ask anyIf you don't b. .

.

body you

like ffishir/i pa are^ ba dare ni de mo o kiki na»ai servant joI b ... in

my

chu wo shinyo shite imasil he wants to make me believe that he is ill ano hito wa byoki da to iu no desH keredo

BKLEBVB may

.

.

to.»

watakuithi no mono; kore

be more or equivalent to: tldnk.

Berry ichigo; ki-iehigo Berth (sleeping place) nedoko; (situation) ArucAi

Beseech kongan

sum

watakushi no desQ does this 4id b to this.' kono juta ,wa kore no desiX kal Below no shita ni; no shUa e he is b shita desH b the bridge hashi no shita ni cost price sore that is b wa moto-ne yori yasui sample mihon yori to be b .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

ochite iru obi; (soft

Pelt

Japanese sash

men and

little girls)

(man's stiff belt) (two soft sashes used by ladies under the principal sash to hold up and keep the kimono in kaku-obi;

little

shiU-jim*; (soft used by ladies with cushion placed in the

bow

of

place)

sash

principal sash) obi-

(naiTow belt used for securing and keeping the bis sash of a lady in place) obl-dome kawa-obi leather b Bench nagai koshi-kake age;

.

.

.

Bend (trans.) mageru; magaru Beneath no thUa ni See PELOW

Beside no soba ni the table teburu no tot b ba ni it is b... the question ton wa betsU no koto da [that .

.

.

another tit|^g] 8 no hoka ni that sono ue; tore ni; sono hoka b that he didn't come sono ue kimasen deshUa nothing else came b... that sono hoka nani mo kimasen b. .\,6 these things kono hoka ni has he written anything b 8 this book/ kono hon no hoka ni nani ka kakimashita kat no b. .8 kiri shUca (with is

wa wa

heko-obi;

tta

shinxirareniasen

less

.

used by

I

Best

.

.

b

is

wa okuremam

.

suppose; they say: e.g. I believe she is ill See THINK; suppose; sat Bell kane; (fire b...) Jiansfio; (caD b. .) ifobi-rin; Tin ring the b please yobi-rin wo nurashite o kure

kore

a long ichi-dai no is

sum

jimaru (int.) %t what time does the school b....* gakko wa nan-ji kara hajimarimata kal ning to unaerI am b Btand a little .Tapanese wainbdthi wa sukoahi yihon-go ga wakatie kimashita it ha.1 begun t6 rain ame ga .

.

Behind no ushiro ni; (further back than) ato ni that chair sono isu no b

wa

b... your pardon gomen nasai earnestly (to beseech) to b. kongan turn lb... ged yoitnot to do it shinai de kvdasai to itta no ni

.

behiaviour

Bes I

.

59

Believe

. to do it (must) shi-nakereha ikemasen Boundary sakai Bow (of the head) o jigi to b jigi wo suru ship

Uon Kon

.

.

.

.

.

Bowels eho to have a motion of the b s tsu-ji ga aru ; daiben no suru Bow! domburi Box hako contained in a b... hako-iri no Boy otoko no ko: (servant) .

.

.

boi; (son) musxiko Brain nomiso; no; (kno-.viedgel

diic

the red ones and the white ones b... co^t the same price akai no mo sliiroi no mo nrdan ua onaji desU

go

.

you are

hands

musthparb.

I

mo

mo

b... ?ides

b

.

.

.

.

small b.

empty b. aki-bin Bottom (inside) soko: (under-

ryo

ryo-Iu'i fioshii .

Break

ikiincxlio

Boots kut\u leather

b

are

compounds

in .

.

onaji; dotchi mo onaji da b... this and that kore

let'.-

cliild's

gutsu laced b.

.

.

b... e

illii>tr:itcd

brown

Both ryo-ho; 1 want b

.

.

.

.

sendo

Body karada dead b shigai .

63

Borrow Borrow

tcalashi-hune

.

man

.

to

(of

Bom

62

.

Branch eda: I)

.

.

h.

.

.

(of a firm) shiten -line shisen

-road wnkare-michi

(mark) yaki-in; (trade mark) sliirushi

Br.'.nd

Brass skinrhH

Brave

jiersons)

(of

yuki no

nru: (of actions) isamashii Brazier hibachi

Bread

-pen

new b

.

dekitcte

.

.

no pan

jurui pan toast yaki pan; tosUto stale b.

.

.

Breadth haba

what

is

the b.

kawa-haba

.

wa

.of the river.*

dono

gurai

desu ka? (trans.) kowasu; (intr.) koware'ru: (for long things)

Break

oru; ore'tu

64

Break you have broken anaia cil oriinasMta

tea

have broken

I

my

my arm

ga oremash'ita that sore dont b wasa-nai de o kure .

.

you

if

.

are

pen-

empitsu

wo

wo

.

.

ko-

not careful you

.

wo kowashUe shimau thing is broken kore wa kowarete imasH b . . of day yo-ake does thfe ticket allow me to b... the journey? kono kippu de tochu-gesha ga dekimasil kat to b. . a promise yakUsoku this .

.

wo yaburu

my

rjkisha broke

Tuma

rti

down

kosM ^a

kuarima-

ahita

b

.

Bright (of

.

.

hashi

.

.

.

.

.

Breath iki to be out of b... iki ga birent to t^ke b... hUo-iki tsUku without taking b... iki mo ts&ka-zu ni Breathe iki wo sum with, difficulty iWto b .

.

.

gurushii Bribe wairo to b. . tMiro Brick /^Tt^a .

ery) yoki

na m-otte

kuru; (per-

son) tsurete kuru

my luggage up to my room nimotsu wo heya ni moUe kite o kure your friend with you b.

b.

.

.

.

.

wo

o tomodachi

please

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

a well brought up child sodachi no it ko bddly brought up sodachi no warui au action against to b .

.

an inch b

is

.

kono kawa .

.

haba wa

yaku Broker nakagai Bronze karakane

.

Britain

Great B... Dai Buriten

Broom

Sng?

wa arimasen ka

hoki .

ani; niisan

.

.

.

.

.

eha-iro

Bruise n. uchi-kizu ; aza writing) Brush (for fude; (European) burashi; hake paiiit-b

.

.

e-bake; e-fude

.

kutsu-bake hair-b kami no burashi my clothes fuku no hob. kori wo haratte kure .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Bud tsut>om,i; me Buddha O Shaka Sama; Buddhi'jm Bukkyo Bug nankin-mu^hi.

Bump

(swelling) kobu (\.t.)butsiikeru;(v.i) to b. .

.

Bunch lUsa Bund kaigan-dori

[sea-shore

street)

tsutsumi; taba

etc.)

(of

sticks,

Bungalow (one storied house) hira-ya Burial o tomorat

Bum

(a

to

b...

wound) yakedo (trans.)

it

.

.

up

wont b

.

yaku; mo-

yake'ru; moe'ru yaite shi$nau

sii; (intr:)

to b.

(in the ground) Hme'ru; (a corpse) maiso suru

Business (work, affair) yd; shigoto; (calling, profession) sAobai pressing b . . isogi no shigoto I have b . . there asUko ni yo .

.

am

ga

havecome on b. . . yogaatte kimashUa is your b ? (on what b have you come?) nanno go yd desil ka ? that is my b (my work you need not attend to it) sore wa toatakHshi no suru I

.

.

.

.

moemasen

.

.

.

.

.

.

koto desH is your b. sorewaanata no suru koto desii none of your b koi'e wa anata no shitta koto ja nai

that

.

.

it is

buts&karu

Bundle

ga aku

Bury

.

.

etc.) hareboil) kuchi

a

(of

what

Build tatrru ing taiemono b Bulb tama no yo na ne; kyUJcei Bulky kasabatta .

sum;

tsu

younger b. otito b 3 and sisters kyodai

8hoe-b

?

Burst (of a bomb,

elder b

Brown

something b nanikamoete iruno de

isn't there

Brother

.

this paper kono kami o kure b...t my finger yubi wo yakedo shimashita it tastes as if b...t koge kHsai

wo mosMte

I

is-sun da

.

tsu-

reU kite kudasai have my things been brought* watakushi no nimotsU ga kiinashita ka? why does not the boy b mj' things? naze boi wa nimotsu wo motte kimasen ka? my tell the boy to b things immediately nimotsii wo sugu motte kuru yo ni kure boi ni itte who has brought this? dare ga kore wo motte kimashUa ka7 back (a thing) motte to b kaeru; (a person) tsurete kaeru; (something lent) kaesH my umbrella back soon b watakushi no kasa wo sugu ni o kaeshi nasai up (cause to grow) to b.. lodate'ru; (cause to know, educate) kyoiku sum .

it

Busy b...

hiroi; hdba this river is b... wa hiroi

Broil

ux>/uttae'ru

wo Uahau

Wo

(full of light) akarui; colours) hade na; (che-

Bring (thing)

65

Broad Broad

b.

.

to pieces (separatmg parts which were previously joined) bara-bara ni (destroying things 8uru; which were solid) mechamecha ni guru to b . a law JiorUsH ni tonvuku Breakfast asa no shokuji Breast mune b. .s (of a female), chichi to

Bridge hashi to cross the

wcUaru itde

that glass ki wo tsuke-nakereba sono koppu

wUl b

Britain

.

.

.

not my b (duty) vxUakushi rto knkari de iva nai although it is none of my b. yokei na koto da ga anata mind your own b wa j'timn no koto dake shite ireba ii; jibun no atama no hai too Of [frighten away the flies on your own headj it is

.

.

.

.

.

Busy isogathii I am very b.

.

.

taihtn isooouini

.

.

now ima wa

64

Break you have broken anaia cil oriinasMta

tea

have broken

I

my

my arm

ga oremash'ita that sore dont b wasa-nai de o kure .

.

you

if

.

are

pen-

empitsu

wo

wo

.

.

ko-

not careful you

.

wo kowashUe shimau thing is broken kore wa kowarete imasH b . . of day yo-ake does thfe ticket allow me to b... the journey? kono kippu de tochu-gesha ga dekimasil kat to b. . a promise yakUsoku this .

.

wo yaburu

my

rjkisha broke

Tuma

rti

down

kosM ^a

kuarima-

ahita

b

.

Bright (of

.

.

hashi

.

.

.

.

.

Breath iki to be out of b... iki ga birent to t^ke b... hUo-iki tsUku without taking b... iki mo ts&ka-zu ni Breathe iki wo sum with, difficulty iWto b .

.

.

gurushii Bribe wairo to b. . tMiro Brick /^Tt^a .

ery) yoki

na m-otte

kuru; (per-

son) tsurete kuru

my luggage up to my room nimotsu wo heya ni moUe kite o kure your friend with you b.

b.

.

.

.

.

wo

o tomodachi

please

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

a well brought up child sodachi no it ko bddly brought up sodachi no warui au action against to b .

.

an inch b

is

.

kono kawa .

.

haba wa

yaku Broker nakagai Bronze karakane

.

Britain

Great B... Dai Buriten

Broom

Sng?

wa arimasen ka

hoki .

ani; niisan

.

.

.

.

.

eha-iro

Bruise n. uchi-kizu ; aza writing) Brush (for fude; (European) burashi; hake paiiit-b

.

.

e-bake; e-fude

.

kutsu-bake hair-b kami no burashi my clothes fuku no hob. kori wo haratte kure .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Bud tsut>om,i; me Buddha O Shaka Sama; Buddhi'jm Bukkyo Bug nankin-mu^hi.

Bump

(swelling) kobu (\.t.)butsiikeru;(v.i) to b. .

.

Bunch lUsa Bund kaigan-dori

[sea-shore

street)

tsutsumi; taba

etc.)

(of

sticks,

Bungalow (one storied house) hira-ya Burial o tomorat

Bum

(a

to

b...

wound) yakedo (trans.)

it

.

.

up

wont b

.

yaku; mo-

yake'ru; moe'ru yaite shi$nau

sii; (intr:)

to b.

(in the ground) Hme'ru; (a corpse) maiso suru

Business (work, affair) yd; shigoto; (calling, profession) sAobai pressing b . . isogi no shigoto I have b . . there asUko ni yo .

.

am

ga

havecome on b. . . yogaatte kimashUa is your b ? (on what b have you come?) nanno go yd desil ka ? that is my b (my work you need not attend to it) sore wa toatakHshi no suru I

.

.

.

.

moemasen

.

.

.

.

.

.

koto desH is your b. sorewaanata no suru koto desii none of your b koi'e wa anata no shitta koto ja nai

that

.

.

it is

buts&karu

Bundle

ga aku

Bury

.

.

etc.) hareboil) kuchi

a

(of

what

Build tatrru ing taiemono b Bulb tama no yo na ne; kyUJcei Bulky kasabatta .

sum;

tsu

younger b. otito b 3 and sisters kyodai

8hoe-b

?

Burst (of a bomb,

elder b

Brown

something b nanikamoete iruno de

isn't there

Brother

.

this paper kono kami o kure b...t my finger yubi wo yakedo shimashita it tastes as if b...t koge kHsai

wo mosMte

I

is-sun da

.

tsu-

reU kite kudasai have my things been brought* watakushi no nimotsU ga kiinashita ka? why does not the boy b mj' things? naze boi wa nimotsu wo motte kimasen ka? my tell the boy to b things immediately nimotsii wo sugu motte kuru yo ni kure boi ni itte who has brought this? dare ga kore wo motte kimashUa ka7 back (a thing) motte to b kaeru; (a person) tsurete kaeru; (something lent) kaesH my umbrella back soon b watakushi no kasa wo sugu ni o kaeshi nasai up (cause to grow) to b.. lodate'ru; (cause to know, educate) kyoiku sum .

it

Busy b...

hiroi; hdba this river is b... wa hiroi

Broil

ux>/uttae'ru

wo Uahau

Wo

(full of light) akarui; colours) hade na; (che-

Bring (thing)

65

Broad Broad

b.

.

to pieces (separatmg parts which were previously joined) bara-bara ni (destroying things 8uru; which were solid) mechamecha ni guru to b . a law JiorUsH ni tonvuku Breakfast asa no shokuji Breast mune b. .s (of a female), chichi to

Bridge hashi to cross the

wcUaru itde

that glass ki wo tsuke-nakereba sono koppu

wUl b

Britain

.

.

.

not my b (duty) vxUakushi rto knkari de iva nai although it is none of my b. yokei na koto da ga anata mind your own b wa j'timn no koto dake shite ireba ii; jibun no atama no hai too Of [frighten away the flies on your own headj it is

.

.

.

.

.

Busy isogathii I am very b.

.

.

taihtn isooouini

.

.

now ima wa

Busy am

I

irtw

66 too b... to do it now waisogashiikaraan ga kuru to omoUara kiiiiasen deshUa alJ b. he ano hiio no hoka this

Buy knu where can per

.

.

tninna I iiave

.

.

one hitoUu shika

nai

sandals

viiktin uo katte k'te o kure to h. for a mere song nute-ne de kau to b... up all the places of a caniai/e kni-l.iru what is the price? ikiiia desd

nothing for it b... to go iku yori hoka wa nai not only this b... al^o that

.

mo 7110

ka

kUotsu shika arimnKen should iiave cone li... for him hoka dc mo nai iju ano hiio no tame ni ikare-

it

tlifMi

ity

.

.

[not salted! tinned b .

.

.

kamume

no bata

lu-aper

ill III

i-^

ka

?

it

1

tnkus'ui kacba

xi

no ga

ka not what

qualari-

.'

no I'll ii/n ilii another hhade

have you another

j

I

wo

ui-zuhuri

J

want

so

some other

txutsiniUe

I

ilo

k:n(l ? iiiotto

thicker -motto dtxui )io; thinner tiiotlv Usui no: biKger motto ijkii no; smaller motto

iya

like

-fiot

Wo

1 wil!

ii(

I .

i

this is loiigiT thai! fb.it koic

by j> wi are

feet yori

has-shaka hodo naiiui 8 feet by y siin-Kiku ni has-

I

]

chea;>er someelse hoka dit wa motto

can get

where

by the temple

ni s-iwiniiuisii

i/O dose-

ma sen 1

•>' U'tt'.'

leal )in xol/u Wo U'liiiiii^li'Ui will hurt yourself by

Hie kiida^ni ^;lve

wo

yoii

uive

i/ii

by way

Shilieria

pa>--eil

1

barsainiiig,

me your lowest once ueijiiu nu wa knru ichi-lmn yasui

ii'tuiii

!sibi':ia

at,

neiliiii

wu

kuimichi

kuerimushu

no

please

shall

I

arat a lower |)rice? motto

jirice

out;

call

I

jiiurnitai

de ku iu no ga ariiifisen ku! is thi- tlie lowest price? kofe kiri makani,mxen kn!

hoka no

.laiiaiios'

dekiiii'ixhO

have you not a similar yasui

a

I'litL'iiii;:

he was hitteii by a "dot; inn ni kui-tsHkiiTcVi by bo.it Itine de by |io-.t 'r'lhin de by land oka wo liy s(.:i jiiue lie [by boat he entered by the window inado kara Iniitln

shite

I

hoka iio.shiiriii gii nnmn.^i'i ka' " isli to see several patterns iro-iro nnno uo m '.aete kudosai

chiisai no

ni

tiiu

it

klidilxiii

n:i

by me w':takushi no soba ni o kil:e nnsai s!i,l| bi- P'ady by 10 o'clock ji'i-ii •unite fi shil'iku ya

I

pack it carefully for a case ln'ko e intr

wi-h to «end

issJii}

more

ait

tliin^^here to be packed with the-e hoka no mono no koko ni vnki's/iiinasi'i knrii. kore t/t

a

xro '

VHilrkiiK/ii

i

ra h'lriniiKisii

'!

no

tiiotto

?

vxri'ti

that

stil!

.

(

y(iu

|

.

teredomo Butcher niku-ya Butter bata fresh b thioke no nai bata .

ha\e

let nic

iiifikeiii'ixu

have

.

.

you

Uikn-migint

ii.iitlo

juood day)

kudiiKiii

too dcTr

ki

ii'i

By

;:ildri.-ss

yoku

kindi

mav

tok'rro-gaki zrn -- disii 1 will p.iv vcjii wiien von -.end it /'.-/..( . lodof.rfr inuriitte kaplea-inu; in

a

shop there -hould be nobody in atli'ndance you

kitto hoshi-

no

little chcapci? yiUonhi o muke nnxtii intake several will you make

if I

.

.

f

mi^rt,-

Jf

kiiddsiii

my

ka

icii

Irish-

doiio-hi iii'idc ni rae'e murnUdi

dear'i

kuiUis::i: (s(nii("thuig e\iic;i-i .'* oi .iiHitiicr liiiiii

by Sntind.iy

it

t'sether

all

somt'thiiiu' bettei one oi the saiiir

motto

kiliil)

plca-c send this to my house kore wo uild ni todokete

I

is

can't

inasen deshlta

.

some orances

me

licttcr

(a

kn>

mn-t have

I

rnncli

minnit de ikrira

not that one. the next sore ia noi, sono towiri no the one al>ove tie no the one l>."iow sh'it'i no when can I have it.' itsii

yoi

ica

zori 110 kaitai

iodan

could butsee him my mind would be at ease ai sue sureba anshin shitnaxu haveyou^inotherliketliisb. a little larper ? kore to onaji mono de. sukoshi o/.ii )w ga arimaxu ka t do not CO on purpose b the i:ext time you are there buy sfime uaza-uaza ika-nakiiU mo kondo ittam katU kudasai

some good

vatnl-itshi

go and b...

tiiere is

b.

wish to b...

1

have nothing b... this kono hoka ni nani mo luii nothing b... a joke Hon no

I

?

how sliow

dekiiiiiisCt I

sell!

I

kore bakari de nalru sore it is the last b... one

nul-tio toki ni u;» yaku ni tatanut .

.

Cash

Carrot ninjin

pay c... for everything minna genkin dc harai-

Carry motte

mas.'io

way) Hsha no hako iku.

you c...

will

this

dozo kore wo motte dasaiinasen ka?

you c. . . station.* anata teisltaba e motte

can to

0.

.

for

me

itte

ku-

to the kore too ikaremasu ka? child on the back

a

.

1

this

wa

kodomo wo obuu .

.

ge'Tu

Cart

(drawn

by

Cartage kuruma no unchin Carve horu can-ing chokoku Cascade ttiki Case (box) hako in any c. do shite mo; tonikaku in c... he should do so moshi so sureba [if he should .

so]

.

.

Ceremony please do not stand upon dozo go enryo naku

tore'ru to c. . the

Certain

.

did

tomodachi

wo

dashi

ni

Vsukniinashlta

CataloKue mokuroku Cataract tak-i Catch V. t. (an animal) tetlkamaeru ; (as a ball) uke'ru we c... the train.' shall k'lsha ni ma ni aimasho kaf hold of tsukamae'r'i to c. to c. a cold kaze wQ hiku the child caught an Illness Kl.oki qa kodomo ni utsuri.

.

.

nvm/t'tla

ga

eye me ni tsiiku not quite c. what said anata no iu koto .

.

wakarinuisen

i/oku

sh'tta :

.

know the c. of it wake wa nhirimaaen; nun no .

.

tame ni da ka shirimasen -what c. .d it ? do shite okotta no dext'i ka ! for this c. kono lame nl for what c....* nan no tame .

.

.

ni?

apparent c... nan

without

nahu .

.

na

.

aru hito

for

tathlka

c....«

for c.

tashika shirimasen 0. . . taskUca ni

c.ly

ni c...ly

.

(please

.

.

.

Ay) tashika

do

so) dozo;

so) mochiron not kesshile (foil, by neg. verb) are there any.2 c.ly aru ka? arirrtasH to mo (it

is

C.ly

Certificate shomeisho;

m/mjd

Chain tusari Chair isu

hiki-okosii

sedan-c.

Causative verbs; see p. 16 Caution (provident care) vojin

(honour by ceremonies of joy) iwau; (religious) niaimru c. . .d nadakai; yUmei na o

celebration

iwai;

o

.

ano

ma-

Cemetery hakaba Cent sen See MONET one per c. . iehi-hu .

.

,

etc. ni-bu, etc.

ten per c. ichi-wari twenty per c. . ., etc. m-unri, .

.

c

him another wo kondo wa yura-

yaru

by any c... he should come moshi ano hito ga

if

kitara

Cement semenio

.

hito

shite

I'll c.

yatle

.

kago

.

.

I will give

tsuri

two per c

.

Chance by c. giZjenni /(luckily) »atwai ni

C...d place meisho c...d product meibiUsH

etc.

wa

kuto

know

c.

day aru hi

.

man

shitte iiiuisH {v/ith c.

.

I don't

.

.

.

it

dont know

I

tame ni desU ka?

c .

quite desu ka?

(purpose)

what is the c. of that ? do iu wake de dead ka f nan no

to

c.

is

I

Cause (reason) u-ake tame

to c.

on a a

de-

Ceiling ten)d

Cat neko he used my friend as a c ... 's paw ano hito wa watnkHshi

.

you

Celebrate

shiro

Change

the house caught fire uchi ni hi tja tsiikimashUa be caught (like a fish)

to

.

Cashier kaikei-kata

iu>

ni-guruma;

horses) bariki

do

paid c. for it at toe time sono toki h'iraimashita -4.S there any reduction for c...? genkiu nara waribiki wo shimasu kaf I

Castle

to 0. . iji the arms dnku to c. out mochi-dasfi; motte de'ru; (realize) ihito.

shall

71

Catch

I

some

.

wo

.

.

ke-nakcreba to be c. ki uo ireru

ii-uke-

take

need

ite

.

c.

Catch

Change

.

.

it ichi

ka bachi ka

miyo v.t. (alter)

hae:ru; (ex; v.fi hf-

change) tori-kae'ru

waru (money returned when

c.

paying a bill) o tsuri liave no small koma' kai no ga nai c. . . this into small money please kore too kuiushit$

c.

I

kudasai

Change c...

to

one's

naosu very

he^is

taihen

Cheap

72 mind kangae

man of bad warm h'lto

a,

lei

.

.

Charge

kavariniashtta there is no c... kawari ga

take

.

nam to

t;»ke

one's

suru to c.

to

.

[to

black

kuroku

become black]

a c... of air for health tcnchi-ryoyo

carriages nori-kae'ru •without c. . of carriages ncri-kae-nai de .

.

I c... for Yaniada? Yamada e wa doko de iiori-kaeru no desu kaf must 1 c ... for Nara.' Nara

wa nori-kaeru no deaii kn'f at what tinio are we due e

there.* nan-ji

dem shall

ni tsuku hazu

ka'f

1

long.?

have to wait there nagaku matsu no desu

kaH

when does the Yamada

Yanuida yuki no kisha nan-ji ni demasu ka? the Yamada train arrived yet.* Yamada yuki no kishu wa mada isukimasen ka? •where is the train for Yamada.' Yamada yuki no start.?

wa

has

kislia

wa

dotehi desH ka?

which

is the platform for Kobe.' Kobe yuki wa dotehi desu ka?

on

this side.* kotchi?

on the other

side.*

muko!

Character (letter) ji; (dispasition) Umare-UiUci; (reputation)

hydban

uu

in c. of this ancita 7io kaknri ni .

.

i.-i

sono

you

in c.

l(i!cari

have

.

.

oi it dare

me

c...i]

wnrhiqoUe iru a mistake)

somebody

eive

to

Mill

wo

ga

deni ka?

n;i;rh is

iujisii

»a

too

[tliere

c...

in

h'iki-wa-

tu.su

how much

wont

I

rete

.

kudaf:tinyd; of anxiety) an(al)-eiice ahin to

have

c.

.

.

iu

wo/shinyo

suru

'

I

ii

Cor.diictor sho

c... in wo/shcnyo shi-naku )iaru to inspire with c. . . anshin to

'ose

I'jseru

.

loasureUi

insolent shitsii'

is

nai ka c... myseU I to tliis matter? t/J iu lu ni

am

sureba

\

'

.

ira-nai no ka? sliall c... to the police /ansa ni h'in'ishii)Uisu

u...

rei )a

liow j

u


.

.

.

.

.

rain

shire-nai [it will I am not sure]

Dark

but

light) of koi; (per-

(destitute (colour) kurai;

sons) kuroi

man

that

wa

dark

is

arvo

hito

iro ya kuroi

ji

.

grand-d. step-d.

.

.

.

.

?

(what

day.*)

(when enmontli and day)

what d...?

quiring for

nan-gaisiX nan-nirhi!

.

.

.

uojo

soryo-musUme tsugi no rnitsii.

. .

me youngest

d...

hitori-musUme

Dawn Day

yo-ake

nichi; hi

one d

.

2 d.

.

irhi-nichi

.

futiuka

.

.s

.

.

.

.

.s

yokka

.

.

.

s

itsHka niuika

sono teiiami no id-nichi wa nan-nicid desu ka ? this letter has no d. . kono f.eynmi ni wa hi-nichi ga kai-

d. 7 d.

.

.s

namtka

8 d.

.

.s

9 d

.

.

yoka kokonoka

is

thed.

.

.

of

that letter.'

.

te

nai

23 of June 1912 Meiji go-nen nichi

shi-jU-

rokii-gatsu id-jH-sun-

{Meiji 45 year 6 dayl 15 of .March l!)13 Taisho nisan-galsH ju-go-nichi nen [Taisho - year, 3 month, 15

month

-I'-i

day J HOTE. The present era in Japan is callpd Taisho. It began on the 31st of July To pass from the H)r.J. Christian era to the era of Taisho and vice versa subtrnct tlie j'.ofore or add 1911. Taisho era was the era of Mnji, wliich besan in 1868 and ended at the death of the late Emperor on the 3()t.li July 1012. To pass from the Cliristian era to the era of Meiji or vi(-e ver*a subtract or add 18(57

no vm-

sue

sume

3 d 4 d. 5 d

what

.)

am mumme

giri

.

.

yome

nrngo-rnusurm

.

.

.

adopted d eldest d second d

only d...

ikka ni? nan-nirhi?

on

o jo-san d. .-in-law musiiko no

.

d... at 7 o'clock In evening ban iw shichiwa kurai

the

Date on what d

Daughter musUme; (your d.

.

is

it

Day

83

Dare

.

.

10 d. 14 d. 20 d. 24 d.

s mi.'cka

.s

s

tuka

.

.s

.

.s

jn-yakka

.

.s

hatmka

.

.s ni-ju-i/okka

others are formed with the fust set of nume-

All

tlie

rals (p. 23) 11 days jA-ichi-nichi anotlier d... (nut today) iisukn: (not tii'e s;ime day) fioka no hi how many d...s? iku-nichi?

what d...

(of

itto-ii.iv? dex'i ka?

kyo

svhat Ls

it

the week)

wa

nani

is

tfo-bi

(of the month) t(j-day? kyo wa nan-

d...

nichi desu hi? what d... did you go.? turn nichi ni ikinms/iUa ka?

d... by d... iiiiD'iKhi ni every d. mniidchi .

.

84

Day d

every other oki to-d.

.

.

ichi-niehi

.

.

kormichi; kyo

.

.

.

rnyogcmicM; asatte yesterday saL-ujUsu; kino oefore yesterday the d .

.

.

iasaJnijitsU; ototoi

d... time hiru during the d .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

other senjUtA; the d konaida twice ad... ffhi-nichi ni nir do good d . . konniehi tea ichi-nichi takes a d it kakarimasa by the d. . hi 4e sono hi made ni by tiiat d on ttiat d. .sono hi ni all d long ichi-niehi'ju all d... to-d... kyo ichi.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

and hour jijitsU and hour can what d. .

.

Bpeak nan-ji

I

.

you? nan-nichi to ni v hirtashi ga de-

himasM?

me know

hour

jijitsu

the d.

wo

.

.

and

oshieU

kudasai d.

.

.

ima made

month

of the

.

ichi-nichi; tsuiiachi

the last d.

misoka first d...

of the

jitsU last d...

month

of the

.

.

year gan'

the year o-mi-

soka ten d . a from to-d , kyo kara toka-mt ni in the coiir«e of to-d... kyo no uchi ni one d... (a certain d...) .

am

,

hi

d

one

.

.

.

tajitm;

some d

(in

.

iteii

.

.

future time)

.

.

.

ka

.

.

hi

two d. mae

.s

.

the next

before sono jutg&ka

d... sono tsugi no

and night hiru mo yoru

mo during the next few d. .s kore kara nv-san-nichi no aida within a few d...8 nirsanniehi no uchi ni; $ono uchi ni it has been put oS from d. to d... until now kyo wa .

.

hi

two d.

.

.8-

after

sono futsO-

ka ato the feast d... (of a shrine) matsuri ordinary d . . ludan already broad d. .-light sukkari akaruku narimashxta .

it is

.

Dead see die Deaf

ad... person tsumbo and dumb oshi you d..J (mockingly) mimi wa kazari mono kat

d

.

.

.

are

[are

d... sore

fs

wa

takai ka-

a d... (darling) waii d-esH nef d. . me! mdl

wliat

.

.

.

.

Deceive damasu December ju-nirgatsU

your ears ornaments?]

Deal a great d. . . taMsan; dosttui a good d... daUni; yohodo; y&ppodo

irasshai

most d. .dly mochiron Ded< kampan kampan ni on d .

a pleasant journey go buji de I think I must be going o

.

Decrease (trans.) herasCi; gOJcu-

naku suru; naku naru Deduct

(intr.) fieru; sUkit-

?ilku

Deep fHkai;

(of colour) hoi

d... here? fakai desho kat Deer shika is

it

koko tea

Defend mamora Deficient (to be d. ..) tari-itai in cream this milk is d . kono gvStnyu wa huriimu ga .

.

tari-nai

itoraa moshimasJu! don't go away so soon go yuhkuri The visitor on leaviag wfll generally say o jama (MmasMta [I have given you trouble 1 good night o yasumi nasai please grve my regards to your father o to-san ni yoroshiku take care of yoiirself o daifi ni nasai

Depend d...8 upon the |rea< ther sore wa o tenkt nt yoru that d...s on circumstances sore tea baai ni yoru can Id... upon it/ dai}6bt$ desa ka} a person to be d...ed upon ate ni naru hito d...ed upoa to be not (persons) ate ni nara-nai; (things) thiyo ga nai that

Degree (measurement) do by d. .3 danrdan not in the slightest d. .

.

sUhoshi mo (with neg. verb) Delicate (of health) yowai; (fragile)

it ;

.

.iulv ai'd

gust) to go

to

d...s daraku

MONEY

.

my .

.

to

.

wo

aketf .

.

wa ike-nai you must kinpok at thed... in haim before coniimg nine ni to uo tH'iku no dexA at wMiat tinie do ymi shut the d...? naii-ji ni to too sli'',neiii"^u ka? will it he ii|)(ned at any

hy

time

la;ocUiiig?

tatakcba

itt^d

dc

to

mo

wo

yume wo

.

no

.

.

.

clothes

wa shUa

hoi

kara

stairs loataI

ni

.

the next d tnnnri d... -keeper mohthan to go to the Iroiit d. .

.

(of

a

much

tot

7nasil

Drawer (rccei)tacle) }iikt-dn>ihi zubon(garment) Drawers sh 'lUi-nn, m:>h iki tmisu chest of d. ;

.

.

.

is 7ii

d...

.

no

d...

no

naku

about

it

chifrai )tai

whether

come ano

Dream yume

hito

1

.

.

d...t

vitnie la-t

uv miru

.

.t

about a dog inu no

yume wo

tnitnashita 1 never d. .t of it yume .

he

will

ga kuru ka

mo

shira-nai

a nightmare kowai yume

.

.

J'ip-pai

noininiUKa ka? I got a bottle of beer? doko de biiru wo urimam'i ka? you drink a glass o* will bopr wit) mo? biiru 7vo o txdldal niisniiiuisen ka? help yourself .7« jiyil ni; (drink what has been served yo.j) o aijori nami much nomid... too to

where can

I

|

:

SUi/i'TU

night yO be yu-

me wo miinnfltltii what did you d... about.' donna yume wo minuisUitt kaf 1 d.

.

wo

I

sli ita

.

.

.

nomiiiiaaen ka? tlianks I will itadakiniasho no, tliank you iUuiakimasen: takiisan wliat will you liave? navi

ki-

do not mind a d... kaze ga kite mo knmnimiisen Drav (drag li'ilru; (a pirturc) kaku: (water) kumi:; (tuiids) hiki-da.m the time d...s near inj jiki

to d.

i-

d. .-Iieari^d futa-gokoro Dniiht 1 d ... it so k(i Khira ut/tgai mo without d. soie

d... kazc ga

a

.

as

d... as big kore wa bai no uki.ift da

I

is

kiUti .

.

.

Draught theie

me

biiru wo notiiitid will you have a A.

rtni

nejuii: dotiu

Drain

ir,i

kure

cliange n>y d ki-kaetai to ydfuku d kara tetsudalie o

.

.

Dreadful osorosliii

(I... hoilo litxlai ^v.'ll,t

tliere

.

Dozen ddsii Dragon {jil^fi;

j

.

servant, to receive a guest) tori-tsu'ji ni dc ru

tiii>

.

niich

I

.

.

d...hill wa knd'iri-zakn desij oriru to got d is

want to yofOku wo

wo kiru kure See CIOTHKS (a Drink beverage) nonilhioiio: (to d. .) nomu want to d I some beer

.

road

.

.

ti'jfiiku

niolte kite o

assist

oki nasai put it d... the nver katva-shimo d. .

nightmare iouni nii'ru

.

d

is

ori»iami

the

have a

to

Dress fukii: (Japanese) kimono; (EuropeaTi) yofiiku to d... kimmio wo kiru T want to d bring my

(below) xhita ni

boy

kiishi

aketf-

kuretnasu ha? in-d. .s uchi no naka ni out of d. .S SdU) small d... in large one Aru-

Dot hii Double

sunt

do ka wakara-n.ii [whether

he comes, how is it, I dont know] your word atiata I don"t d. koloba wo uUigaiinasen no

Down

Drive

91

Dove hato

wo shimete

to

.

Doubt

oite

tlo:o

Doll iiinnud Do'iar (Japanese) yen; (forcigu) dAra one d... note ichi-yen satsU

See

.

kure you nuist not leave, the d open akfipiuinshi ni shite

kuda-

(end of do!/d beginning of Au-

tlie

(en-

/.-'ira/.-.-fffii;

trance) iri-imc'ii

shut the d. o kure open the d

1 .

/iis'iiihi;

don? d...)

Oocumcnt shonii d

semi-transparent(slidiug-panel, if opaif

.

ifh'i:

send for a d... please lalia

Donkey roba; (fool) baka Door to; hiraki-do; (sliding)

for

to do

I

Doubt

90

Do

ni

a great d...er o-zakenom', your healtli go keiiku wo

sMku

nhiinasa

See DRUNK Drive a horse to d .

.

.

Uma wo

gyo

sum d

.

.

.

r

gyosha iu a carriage hatha

to d ni no)-u .

.

.

how do you do?

ikaaa d«su

ka?

you? need?) nani

do

what

can I (what do yoii ka go yd qa ariinasu Iraf he is doiiig ver>' well ano ica no/:u yatte imnxit, room heii'i >h iki tmisu chest of d. ;

.

.

.

is 7ii

d...

.

no

d...

no

naku

about

it

chifrai )tai

whether

come ano

Dream yume

hito

1

.

.

d...t

vitnie la-t

uv miru

.

.t

about a dog inu no

yume wo

tnitnashita 1 never d. .t of it yume .

he

will

ga kuru ka

mo

shira-nai

a nightmare kowai yume

.

.

J'ip-pai

noininiUKa ka? I got a bottle of beer? doko de biiru wo urimam'i ka? you drink a glass o* will bopr wit) mo? biiru 7vo o txdldal niisniiiuisen ka? help yourself .7« jiyil ni; (drink what has been served yo.j) o aijori nami much nomid... too to

where can

I

|

:

SUi/i'TU

night yO be yu-

me wo miinnfltltii what did you d... about.' donna yume wo minuisUitt kaf 1 d.

.

wo

I

sli ita

.

.

.

nomiiiiaaen ka? tlianks I will itadakiniasho no, tliank you iUuiakimasen: takiisan wliat will you liave? navi

ki-

do not mind a d... kaze ga kite mo knmnimiisen Drav (drag li'ilru; (a pirturc) kaku: (water) kumi:; (tuiids) hiki-da.m the time d...s near inj jiki

to d.

i-

d. .-Iieari^d futa-gokoro Dniiht 1 d ... it so k(i Khira ut/tgai mo without d. soie

d... kazc ga

a

.

as

d... as big kore wa bai no uki.ift da

I

is

kiUti .

.

.

Draught theie

me

biiru wo notiiitid will you have a A.

rtni

nejuii: dotiu

Drain

ir,i

kure

cliange n>y d ki-kaetai to ydfuku d kara tetsudalie o

.

.

Dreadful osorosliii

(I... hoilo litxlai ^v.'ll,t

tliere

.

Dozen ddsii Dragon {jil^fi;

j

.

servant, to receive a guest) tori-tsu'ji ni dc ru

tiii>

.

niich

I

.

.

d...hill wa knd'iri-zakn desij oriru to got d is

want to yofOku wo

wo kiru kure See CIOTHKS (a Drink beverage) nonilhioiio: (to d. .) nomu want to d I some beer

.

road

.

.

ti'jfiiku

niolte kite o

assist

oki nasai put it d... the nver katva-shimo d. .

nightmare iouni nii'ru

.

d

is

ori»iami

the

have a

to

Dress fukii: (Japanese) kimono; (EuropeaTi) yofiiku to d... kimmio wo kiru T want to d bring my

(below) xhita ni

boy

kiishi

aketf-

kuretnasu ha? in-d. .s uchi no naka ni out of d. .S SdU) small d... in large one Aru-

Dot hii Double

sunt

do ka wakara-n.ii [whether

he comes, how is it, I dont know] your word atiata I don"t d. koloba wo uUigaiinasen no

Down

Drive

91

Dove hato

wo shimete

to

.

Doubt

oite

tlo:o

Doll iiinnud Do'iar (Japanese) yen; (forcigu) dAra one d... note ichi-yen satsU

See

.

kure you nuist not leave, the d open akfipiuinshi ni shite

kuda-

(end of do!/d beginning of Au-

tlie

(en-

/.-'ira/.-.-fffii;

trance) iri-imc'ii

shut the d. o kure open the d

1 .

/iis'iiihi;

don? d...)

Oocumcnt shonii d

semi-transparent(slidiug-panel, if opaif

.

ifh'i:

send for a d... please lalia

Donkey roba; (fool) baka Door to; hiraki-do; (sliding)

for

to do

I

Doubt

90

Do

ni

a great d...er o-zakenom', your healtli go keiiku wo

sMku

nhiinasa

See DRUNK Drive a horse to d .

.

.

Uma wo

gyo

sum d

.

.

.

r

gyosha iu a carriage hatha

to d ni no)-u .

.

.

Durable

Drop hUo-tarashi

ga

d... (trans.) otosu; (inochiru tiling d...ped (by mis-

to

.

take) otoski-mor,c (trans.) oborasu

Drown

to be d...ed oboreru

Drug kuguri d.

.

kusuri-ya

.gist

Drum

hokori-darake desH d... the table teburu wo soji shite o kure er sokin (which also d

ad

.

.

yolte i'ru

Dry

kawaita. d... (trans.)

to

means house-cloth)

en person yopparai

to get half d... ni nam

nama

yoi

.

kawakasu:

d socks kawaita kutsu-sMta wo moUe kite o kure to d... (with a cloth) /w/)i this tumbler kono koppu d. wo fuUe u kure to d in the sun hinata de hosfi Duck ahiru .

.

.

.

i

I

j

kakari

.

tlie train

.

it

. .^

.

.

shire-nai Dull (stupid) nibui; (of places) omosfiirol.u ymi; inki na; (of tlie

Dumb

weather) kunwtia oslti

.

1

.

.

.

ka?

dexil

do one's d...

to

want

I

to .

tco

made no

ofiiku ikura desu ka?

.

desii

.

they are on bad terms with hito-tiichi e... other ano wa naka iiiipossilde to say

the c. wa do he will

.

what

will he kono owari naru ka loakara-nai come to a bade... .

wa shi-nai [he ii shiiii-yi) Wont die a gooil dentli) there is no e... to tiiio A-or« ni kiri ga nai shiiiini ni in the e. I wonder how it will turn out shinuii ni wa do in the e. .

.

.

.

.

.

kata-hashi one e. muda ni to no e. to come to an e... owari shimtti ni wjru ni naru; to e... (iiitr.) owaru; owari naru; yamu; (cease) 7ii .

.

Japan)

kara; (in comp. often) aki aite i'ru to be e. . to be partly e. . suite i'ru ake'ru to e .

.

.

(of

Empty

.

.

niiru deiihd?

yuluu e. e.

.

mo

taishi-

kun

Emperor

bottle aki-bin e the bottle is e... bin wa desii; kara bin wa aite

tsOki-zue

Viif^lii-kcn

E

an

.

.

.

.

hnkn

.

kinui.th ita

.

what

.

de nakereba you had better write or else lie will not come tegami wo kaku ho ga ii, de nakereba ko-nai |if you do not .

.

what

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

car densha e. liglit Junki e. telegram dempo; denshin telephone denwa e ity denki Elegant rippa na Elementary (of learning) sho[iuku no: (simple) tanjun n» Elephant zo Eleven ju-ichi

U

if

Bomewliere e... doko ka hoka no tokoro e. .where /if./.« ni; hoka e

Electric

.

hachi; i/il ryo-hn; (one of two) (in fiuestions) dolcin kn: Xm atf. sentences) rfoehira de nin

Ell^ht

Either

you

.

viasu

miru

otte

.s

it is nothing e mo sore dake naraha to be there is nothing e. done so ntru hoku shikata gu nai

e

ikare-nai

End

95

Else

— command) e — ka——or ka dotchi ka; suggestion) — mo — mo

you can't go

Editor kl':hn

Educate kyjiku suru

it lias

Else

.

(conclude) sumu shimav; (trans.) e... to yame'ru; suniase'ru

94

Editor

Eel unaffi (consequence, result) Effect kehhn; Mruahi; set; (seusntional) mie to do for e. . viie ni suru .

no words to

e. . dame tliat e... .

koU'ha Effort to make an e... forth strcnfTth) nei

desa sono imi

lift

(try) mittc in spit^; of

hone wo

my

e.

.

(to

put

wo dasu;

all

e...s iro-iro

mo

were

in vain kotievi .larinutshita

ori ija muda Egg Uituaoo new laid e...

umitaU no

tniwujo

tamnno hard boiled e... ude tnmago soft boil''4 e... iamago no ni'.v e.

.

.

iinnia

hinijlkn fried e... tamago no iurai tlie wiiite of an e... shiromi tlU'

yolk

two

soft boiled e...s no Itaniihu jrtitin

(10

l.iriii

tavta-

ynttti'i;

(both)

you

will tcr in e.

.

rind that cliarac(liictionary) sono .

wa

ryo-ho ni arimasft will e... of these suit youV doU'hi ka o ki nt irimaii

sirUu

e...

kii.'

will

ao

doc/lira

de

mo

yoToshil in e. . . case aotc/ii ni sh'iff mo e. . . (in neg. sentences, equi-

valent to

or e

.

.

.

omne mo

.

(a

.

(a

e... hand over the goods or pay f-ic mo-

must

ney sldmimono wo iiyit'isA ka kanc wo fuirau ka dolchi shi nana! ka you can e... take a kayo or walk kago ni norii koto mo aruku koto mo deki-

you must e...

"also")

mo

be quiet or

go away shizul-a ni xhinakereba achira e o-ide [if you are not quiet, go

away] danryoku no aru: gonui

Elastic

no Elbow

hiji

.

.

he will not come] (not this person) dare ka hoka no hito : (an action which is repeated) mata dare ka (one more perBomc one e son) has come mata dare ka

Bomeonee.

.

.

iiani

ka hoka

no mono

British

.

Else e

..?

hoka'ni nani

WQ> want.' e... do you ni nani ga irinifisu

km what e... did lie say.' hoka ni nan to iiinnshitn kaf he say aiis thing e...f nani ka lioka ni hanashi-

did

nuishita ka!

there anything e....» ni arimasen kaf

hfikii

.

eometliing e.

Embassy

.

.

.

Eikoku

American E...

licikok-u tai-

shi-kan

Embroider nuitori suru e.

.

.y nuitori

KUtci

Ileika;

(of

Japan) Tenno Heika; Tenth i iyuma See KINO Empire teikoku Employ (use as a senant) . .

.ee yatoi-nin .er yntoi-nushi

Ayowu; Kogo Ecika

Empre.ss

.

imasil

Enamel

shippo-ijaki

Enclose kakou; (in a letter) ire ru I send you a moneye (J order for '.io yen nt-jd-goyen no kawuse wo irvte oku.

.

.

ri)nasii

Encourage kura

(a iierson) tsftkete

ni/chi-

yam

wo

End

owari; shimai; (of a place) hazure at tlip e... of the year toshi no owari ni; Lnrc at the e... of tlie month I

will give you something the e... of my stay watukfmhi no taUn toki ni nani ka agemaslio [wlien I

at

deriart] t i> iiiipossilde to say

the c. wa do he will

.

what

will he kono owari naru ka loakara-nai come to a bade... .

wa shi-nai [he ii shiiii-yi) Wont die a gooil dentli) there is no e... to tiiio A-or« ni kiri ga nai shiiiini ni in the e. I wonder how it will turn out shinuii ni wa do in the e. .

.

.

.

.

.

kata-hashi one e. muda ni to no e. to come to an e... owari shimtti ni wjru ni naru; to e... (iiitr.) owaru; owari naru; yamu; (cease) 7ii .

.

Japan)

kara; (in comp. often) aki aite i'ru to be e. . to be partly e. . suite i'ru ake'ru to e .

.

.

(of

Empty

.

.

niiru deiihd?

yuluu e. e.

.

mo

taishi-

kun

Emperor

bottle aki-bin e the bottle is e... bin wa desii; kara bin wa aite

tsOki-zue

Viif^lii-kcn

E

an

.

.

.

.

hnkn

.

kinui.th ita

.

what

.

de nakereba you had better write or else lie will not come tegami wo kaku ho ga ii, de nakereba ko-nai |if you do not .

.

what

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

car densha e. liglit Junki e. telegram dempo; denshin telephone denwa e ity denki Elegant rippa na Elementary (of learning) sho[iuku no: (simple) tanjun n» Elephant zo Eleven ju-ichi

U

if

Bomewliere e... doko ka hoka no tokoro e. .where /if./.« ni; hoka e

Electric

.

hachi; i/il ryo-hn; (one of two) (in fiuestions) dolcin kn: Xm atf. sentences) rfoehira de nin

Ell^ht

Either

you

.

viasu

miru

otte

.s

it is nothing e mo sore dake naraha to be there is nothing e. done so ntru hoku shikata gu nai

e

ikare-nai

End

95

Else

— command) e — ka——or ka dotchi ka; suggestion) — mo — mo

you can't go

Editor kl':hn

Educate kyjiku suru

it lias

Else

.

(conclude) sumu shimav; (trans.) e... to yame'ru; suniase'ru

96

End will e... by breaking ima ni kotvasu desho

he

Endorse ura-gaki

it

sum

v:o

Enemy

I

(busy) o d? you e isognshii desu ka? am e d itna wa isoga.

.

.

.

.

.

this seat e...d? koko a%te iviasil ka? d the teleplioue is e is

.

present denim toa hanashi chu desO.

.

at ima o .

make an e...ment

to

ya-

sum

kHsoku to

wa

an

fulfil

.

.

.

ment yakH-

soku wo mamoru ment have an important e tliis evening komban daiji na yo ga am. See SERVANT Engine kikai; kikan locomotive kikansha I

.

.

.

joki-kikan pteam e England IgirisO. .

.

.

kfishi

.

.

.

.

.

de Utkusan desho

gofive yen will not be e. yen de wa turi-nai two days fuUHkabun e. . for for one man Miori mat e . of tliat sore de ii *e well e . (pretty well) kanari .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

yoku not strong

it is

e.

.

johu ja ruii that is not sweet e

wa

kore

.

.

.

wa sore

.

satu on tari-nai

is

.

.

have not drunk e... yet motlo nonieru desho

amaru hodo more tlian e hitoone would have been e .

an

E

.

.

man

.

umta-

wa Igirim-jin desu

ing (picture)

Mnga;

e

via VinoshirokaUa

.

.

.

de yokaita

i-

e

.

will be time e... when come ha.ckkaeilekaTademo .

.

—

to hodo

have we

Enjoy (oneself) tanoshimu I e...ed tlie journey ryo^o

.

.

I

coal to last next spring? raiharu till made tsukau hodo sekiian ga

am

ni ica kutsu wo ike-nut no

toki

nuga-nakcreba desH ka?

e

.

.

.

ka? Enquire see INQUIRE

you

my

e...

service?

de watakushi no tokoro tsulnmemasen ka? Entertain (amuse) tanoshi-

maseru e...ment (banquet) go-chiso Entirely mnru de; sukkari Entrance

irl-rjuchi .

.

Envelope (of a kuro Environs kinjo e...

wa

letter) jo-bu-

omoshiroi desho ka?

Envy .

you

.

urayairutshii [en-

kore kore

not

is

wa wa

to tliat e. sore to cliiiiuimasu; .

.

sore to onajl de

wa

arimasen three e... wo onnji ni kore miltsiX ni wakete o kure these two tilings are e... kore to kore wa onaji desu Errand tsUkai to send on an e. . tsiikai ni

divide parti

this

into

.

ynru for can you go on an e me? tsakiii ni itte kuremasen kaf .

.

.

ni; betsU

ni

Esteem v. t. sonkei sum Europe Voroppa Even nw; de mo; (level) taira na if it rains I shall leave this afternoon ame ga lutte

e

.

.

.

vw him

karc dekakemnsii

if it did rain you ought to have come ame ga iuttatte kuru hazu desu

e ...

buy

shall

it

cares e.

ous

.

e

.

.

.

if it is

abunakUte

?

mono ka

.

if

it is

mo kaimasu

dear takakUte

who

danger-

mo kamau

?

once ichi-do mo e... the Japanese NUton no not e

e

.

.

.

.

.

nw

allowing

.

my

f...

that sore ni

mo

shite

were burnt kimono made mo ynkita hear it e... now ima I c;in clotlies

mo

de

vious]

Equal this

koto deshxta Especially tokubetsu

hito de

Yokohama

of

Yokohama no

interesting?

kinjo

.

I

.

.

the

Escape (run away) nigeU shimau it was a narrow e. . abunai

I

kuUe-guchi how much !s the e. .? nyiijoryo ?/'« ikura desu ka? Entreat kovgan suru servants' e

I e.

.

you

it

ftairu

will

Evening

97

Enter hairu; (write down in a book) ni/icaki-iomete oku it has not even e...ed my head kangae mo shi-ruikatta is one obliged to take off one's on e...ing? boots

are

not ricli e... ann hito tra sore dale no kane ten nai it i^ not nearly e... amari

he

speak E....« Ei-go

Engrave horu e

.

.

yen woukl be e...

ni-ju-ycn

isii

am

I

.

ga takilsan arimasO. ka?

.

we say Book Ei-go wa Book to iitnasH .

. .*

Enfer

.

twenty

ka? .

.

Uiri-nai

anybody here who E...? koko ni Eigo no dekim hito ga imasu

E

.

.

tlieie

de

.

mu sore de yoroshix e lakiisan yornimashita

speaks

in

kaf your-

that will do, you liave read

ga dekimasii ka? is

yourself

.

dem

no;

IgirisH (adj.) English (lanpuase) Ei-go

do you

tliis

.

e

.

san desU ka? sukunai; tari-nai not e mo takvsan I have liad e water? mizu have you e .

sMi [busyl

.

lakiisan e... sore de takHsan kore de takae

ttiat is is

e

do

will e...

tanoshimi desu ne

Enough servant)

yatou are

hope you self o

kataki; tcki (to e... a

Engage

how do you here? koko wa I

merit ura-gaki

e

Enquire

kikoeru a chair isu mo nai I can do it uatashi de sae riekimnsrn can't you do it when e... a little child can? kodomo de sae dekirti no ni anata iva dekiinascn Ira? I haven't yet read e... half mtida hamhun mo yomimasen

not e. not e.

°.

.

.

.

.

.

.

number

Evening

come

gasii

ba?i

the e... ban ni O' ide nasai an> going out this e... I komban dekakeyO to ornoi'

musu

in

96

End will e... by breaking ima ni kotvasu desho

he

Endorse ura-gaki

it

sum

v:o

Enemy

I

(busy) o d? you e isognshii desu ka? am e d itna wa isoga.

.

.

.

.

.

this seat e...d? koko a%te iviasil ka? d the teleplioue is e is

.

present denim toa hanashi chu desO.

.

at ima o .

make an e...ment

to

ya-

sum

kHsoku to

wa

an

fulfil

.

.

.

ment yakH-

soku wo mamoru ment have an important e tliis evening komban daiji na yo ga am. See SERVANT Engine kikai; kikan locomotive kikansha I

.

.

.

joki-kikan pteam e England IgirisO. .

.

.

kfishi

.

.

.

.

.

de Utkusan desho

gofive yen will not be e. yen de wa turi-nai two days fuUHkabun e. . for for one man Miori mat e . of tliat sore de ii *e well e . (pretty well) kanari .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

yoku not strong

it is

e.

.

johu ja ruii that is not sweet e

wa

kore

.

.

.

wa sore

.

satu on tari-nai

is

.

.

have not drunk e... yet motlo nonieru desho

amaru hodo more tlian e hitoone would have been e .

an

E

.

.

man

.

umta-

wa Igirim-jin desu

ing (picture)

Mnga;

e

via VinoshirokaUa

.

.

.

de yokaita

i-

e

.

will be time e... when come ha.ckkaeilekaTademo .

.

—

to hodo

have we

Enjoy (oneself) tanoshimu I e...ed tlie journey ryo^o

.

.

I

coal to last next spring? raiharu till made tsukau hodo sekiian ga

am

ni ica kutsu wo ike-nut no

toki

nuga-nakcreba desH ka?

e

.

.

.

ka? Enquire see INQUIRE

you

my

e...

service?

de watakushi no tokoro tsulnmemasen ka? Entertain (amuse) tanoshi-

maseru e...ment (banquet) go-chiso Entirely mnru de; sukkari Entrance

irl-rjuchi .

.

Envelope (of a kuro Environs kinjo e...

wa

letter) jo-bu-

omoshiroi desho ka?

Envy .

you

.

urayairutshii [en-

kore kore

not

is

wa wa

to tliat e. sore to cliiiiuimasu; .

.

sore to onajl de

wa

arimasen three e... wo onnji ni kore miltsiX ni wakete o kure these two tilings are e... kore to kore wa onaji desu Errand tsUkai to send on an e. . tsiikai ni

divide parti

this

into

.

ynru for can you go on an e me? tsakiii ni itte kuremasen kaf .

.

.

ni; betsU

ni

Esteem v. t. sonkei sum Europe Voroppa Even nw; de mo; (level) taira na if it rains I shall leave this afternoon ame ga lutte

e

.

.

.

vw him

karc dekakemnsii

if it did rain you ought to have come ame ga iuttatte kuru hazu desu

e ...

buy

shall

it

cares e.

ous

.

e

.

.

.

if it is

abunakUte

?

mono ka

.

if

it is

mo kaimasu

dear takakUte

who

danger-

mo kamau

?

once ichi-do mo e... the Japanese NUton no not e

e

.

.

.

.

.

nw

allowing

.

my

f...

that sore ni

mo

shite

were burnt kimono made mo ynkita hear it e... now ima I c;in clotlies

mo

de

vious]

Equal this

koto deshxta Especially tokubetsu

hito de

Yokohama

of

Yokohama no

interesting?

kinjo

.

I

.

.

the

Escape (run away) nigeU shimau it was a narrow e. . abunai

I

kuUe-guchi how much !s the e. .? nyiijoryo ?/'« ikura desu ka? Entreat kovgan suru servants' e

I e.

.

you

it

ftairu

will

Evening

97

Enter hairu; (write down in a book) ni/icaki-iomete oku it has not even e...ed my head kangae mo shi-ruikatta is one obliged to take off one's on e...ing? boots

are

not ricli e... ann hito tra sore dale no kane ten nai it i^ not nearly e... amari

he

speak E....« Ei-go

Engrave horu e

.

.

yen woukl be e...

ni-ju-ycn

isii

am

I

.

ga takilsan arimasO. ka?

.

we say Book Ei-go wa Book to iitnasH .

. .*

Enfer

.

twenty

ka? .

.

Uiri-nai

anybody here who E...? koko ni Eigo no dekim hito ga imasu

E

.

.

tlieie

de

.

mu sore de yoroshix e lakiisan yornimashita

speaks

in

kaf your-

that will do, you liave read

ga dekimasii ka? is

yourself

.

dem

no;

IgirisH (adj.) English (lanpuase) Ei-go

do you

tliis

.

e

.

san desU ka? sukunai; tari-nai not e mo takvsan I have liad e water? mizu have you e .

sMi [busyl

.

lakiisan e... sore de takHsan kore de takae

ttiat is is

e

do

will e...

tanoshimi desu ne

Enough servant)

yatou are

hope you self o

kataki; tcki (to e... a

Engage

how do you here? koko wa I

merit ura-gaki

e

Enquire

kikoeru a chair isu mo nai I can do it uatashi de sae riekimnsrn can't you do it when e... a little child can? kodomo de sae dekirti no ni anata iva dekiinascn Ira? I haven't yet read e... half mtida hamhun mo yomimasen

not e. not e.

°.

.

.

.

.

.

.

number

Evening

come

gasii

ba?i

the e... ban ni O' ide nasai an> going out this e... I komban dekakeyO to ornoi'

musu

in

good

e ..

komban um

.

.

yesterday e sakuban; yuhe e... of the day before yesterday iasakxthan .

.

.

myoban day after tomorrow myoffonichi no ban will you come out with me this e komban issho ni to-morrow e

.

.

.

e.

.

.

the

of

.

.

.»

.

kudasaimasen kaf

kite

at all e...8 dS shite mo;

to-

mo

.

.

.

.

.

ma^fn e.

.

.

e.

.

.

so far zutto toi so many times iiu-tabi

mo e. . . so much ikura de itgi made mo for e Just the same as e... .

.

mo

.

tted

mo no tori; chitto mo kawaro" nai Every mai; goto ni e.

.

.

body dare de mo

one (of a particular . group) minna e... one of the children has a^ cold aehi no kodomo tea minna kaze wo hikima-

e.

.

thita e. .. time

it

e. e.

Sunday mainichiyo

.

.

.

.

other one MtotsU, oki . e... other day ichi-nicki oki e... third day jut-mka oki where doko de mo; doko e ni de mo: hobo e thing nan de mo; minna before e thing else I must have foreign food nani yori seiyo-ryori ga tabetai are you willing to do e thing.' anata u>a nan de mo .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

tamM

ni

time I go out in the evening I catch a cold t/oru deru tambi ni kaze too hikimatH

e...

«... day Tnai-niehi

.

shimasH kaf he will help you in e way nan no sewademo thUekure.

.

Examine I

99

want to e . the class in English Ei-go no shiken wo .

.

thitai

.

a happy e... medetai koto Ever did he e... write to you.» ano hito tea anata ni tegami wo kaita koto ga arimam kaf I have hardly f seen any amari mita koto ga nai I hardly e go metta ni iki.

leave e . day* mair nicki detnasu ka?

does

.

Event nikaku

Examine

98

Evening

.

masa

that thing I want to e . . are wo mitai [see] the luggage be e...d at Vladivostock? Urajiwosulokka de nimotsU wo shirabemasU kaf .

Example .

.

.

isu

chair

mo

is

occupied dono

Isukatte iru

Evident it

is

e.

.

that nifchigai nai

.

please give me an e . . , rei wo hanashite kudasai good e . ii tehon ft tehon wo give good e o mise nasai [show a good e...] to you are giving bad e.

please be very e...

in your wa kichd-

accounts kanjo men ni shite kudatai e...ly ehodo; tashika ni I dont know e...ly yoku

sliirimasen it IS e . ly 8 o'clock ehodo hachi-ji deeH e...ly alike tHkoshi mo chigawa-nai; chodo onaji it is not e ly the same c/todo onaji de wa arimasen ly impossible it is not e .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

(but it is very difficult) deki-nai koto de. mo nai

you

caa't e

.

.

.

ly call

him

rich

kane-moehi to iu hodo de u» arimasen e ly so desa Exaggeritt! ogesa ni iu ExAinine (inspect) shirabe'ru;kensa wo sum; (in knovrledge) thiken wo suru .

.

.

1

mokore

.

kudasai

me

you give

for this? to tori-kaete kaf.

that in kore to sore

.

kudasaimasen

Bxcremeat daiben

.

.

tiJ.-unai ly, see very e Excellent (persons) (thing) kekko na

sugureta;

sore wa gOteki that is e da Except no hoka take all the luggage e... the small bag chiisai nimotaH no hoka wa minna motU .

.

.

o kure Exception without e... nokora-zu of my fawith the e ther chichi no hoka under e...al circumstances .

.

.

yamu wo e-nai baai de in faplease make an e vour of me watab&shi daki .

.

.

tokubetsi ni shite kudasai

e

.

.

asoM ni

.

iku

want to make an

Kamakura

e ... to

Kamakura

ni

asobi ni ikUai

Excuse e 1

.

.

.

me gomen

natai;

gomen

kudasai beg to be e. .d (declining a proposition) yurttshile ita.

dakitai my rudeness e, .

.

kore

wa

shitsHrei; shitsHrei itashimashiia me for having troubled e . .

.

you go mendo kakele sumimasen deshUa me for not having been e attentive to you o kairuii mo .

.

make an

to I

.

feet niing two not e shaku ika; ni-shaku yori sOkunai ten minutes not e...ing jip-pun inai; jip-pun yori .

.

tori-kaete

.

.

youf brother anata wa ototo ni warui tehon wo misete iru Exceed sugiru

.

wo will e .

.

.

.

Exact

tori-kae'tu; (of

ney) ryogae suru please e this dozo

Excursion

UUoeba

.

.

.

e.

Exchange .

will

for e

Excuse

.

.

shimasen deshita; o somatsU sama; o sosS sama me for having kept you e. waiting o machidS sama .

.

. me for saying so but shitsUrei desU ga luable to offer really I makoto ni you any e

e.

—

.

am

.

.

.

moshi-wake ga gozaimasen me for going first o saki e gomen kudasai tore wa iiUiat is only an e tvakeda

e

.

.

.

.

.

.

yourself ii-wake wo iunowao yoshi ^uisai e. . me for beingsolateo(oX;it

don't e

.

.

.

.

narimashUa

good

e ..

komban um

.

.

yesterday e sakuban; yuhe e... of the day before yesterday iasakxthan .

.

.

myoban day after tomorrow myoffonichi no ban will you come out with me this e komban issho ni to-morrow e

.

.

.

e.

.

.

the

of

.

.

.»

.

kudasaimasen kaf

kite

at all e...8 dS shite mo;

to-

mo

.

.

.

.

.

ma^fn e.

.

.

e.

.

.

so far zutto toi so many times iiu-tabi

mo e. . . so much ikura de itgi made mo for e Just the same as e... .

.

mo

.

tted

mo no tori; chitto mo kawaro" nai Every mai; goto ni e.

.

.

body dare de mo

one (of a particular . group) minna e... one of the children has a^ cold aehi no kodomo tea minna kaze wo hikima-

e.

.

thita e. .. time

it

e. e.

Sunday mainichiyo

.

.

.

.

other one MtotsU, oki . e... other day ichi-nicki oki e... third day jut-mka oki where doko de mo; doko e ni de mo: hobo e thing nan de mo; minna before e thing else I must have foreign food nani yori seiyo-ryori ga tabetai are you willing to do e thing.' anata u>a nan de mo .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

tamM

ni

time I go out in the evening I catch a cold t/oru deru tambi ni kaze too hikimatH

e...

«... day Tnai-niehi

.

shimasH kaf he will help you in e way nan no sewademo thUekure.

.

Examine I

99

want to e . the class in English Ei-go no shiken wo .

.

thitai

.

a happy e... medetai koto Ever did he e... write to you.» ano hito tea anata ni tegami wo kaita koto ga arimam kaf I have hardly f seen any amari mita koto ga nai I hardly e go metta ni iki.

leave e . day* mair nicki detnasu ka?

does

.

Event nikaku

Examine

98

Evening

.

masa

that thing I want to e . . are wo mitai [see] the luggage be e...d at Vladivostock? Urajiwosulokka de nimotsU wo shirabemasU kaf .

Example .

.

.

isu

chair

mo

is

occupied dono

Isukatte iru

Evident it

is

e.

.

that nifchigai nai

.

please give me an e . . , rei wo hanashite kudasai good e . ii tehon ft tehon wo give good e o mise nasai [show a good e...] to you are giving bad e.

please be very e...

in your wa kichd-

accounts kanjo men ni shite kudatai e...ly ehodo; tashika ni I dont know e...ly yoku

sliirimasen it IS e . ly 8 o'clock ehodo hachi-ji deeH e...ly alike tHkoshi mo chigawa-nai; chodo onaji it is not e ly the same c/todo onaji de wa arimasen ly impossible it is not e .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

(but it is very difficult) deki-nai koto de. mo nai

you

caa't e

.

.

.

ly call

him

rich

kane-moehi to iu hodo de u» arimasen e ly so desa Exaggeritt! ogesa ni iu ExAinine (inspect) shirabe'ru;kensa wo sum; (in knovrledge) thiken wo suru .

.

.

1

mokore

.

kudasai

me

you give

for this? to tori-kaete kaf.

that in kore to sore

.

kudasaimasen

Bxcremeat daiben

.

.

tiJ.-unai ly, see very e Excellent (persons) (thing) kekko na

sugureta;

sore wa gOteki that is e da Except no hoka take all the luggage e... the small bag chiisai nimotaH no hoka wa minna motU .

.

.

o kure Exception without e... nokora-zu of my fawith the e ther chichi no hoka under e...al circumstances .

.

.

yamu wo e-nai baai de in faplease make an e vour of me watab&shi daki .

.

.

tokubetsi ni shite kudasai

e

.

.

asoM ni

.

iku

want to make an

Kamakura

e ... to

Kamakura

ni

asobi ni ikUai

Excuse e 1

.

.

.

me gomen

natai;

gomen

kudasai beg to be e. .d (declining a proposition) yurttshile ita.

dakitai my rudeness e, .

.

kore

wa

shitsHrei; shitsHrei itashimashiia me for having troubled e . .

.

you go mendo kakele sumimasen deshUa me for not having been e attentive to you o kairuii mo .

.

make an

to I

.

feet niing two not e shaku ika; ni-shaku yori sOkunai ten minutes not e...ing jip-pun inai; jip-pun yori .

.

tori-kaete

.

.

youf brother anata wa ototo ni warui tehon wo misete iru Exceed sugiru

.

wo will e .

.

.

.

Exact

tori-kae'tu; (of

ney) ryogae suru please e this dozo

Excursion

UUoeba

.

.

.

e.

Exchange .

will

for e

Excuse

.

.

shimasen deshita; o somatsU sama; o sosS sama me for having kept you e. waiting o machidS sama .

.

. me for saying so but shitsUrei desU ga luable to offer really I makoto ni you any e

e.

—

.

am

.

.

.

moshi-wake ga gozaimasen me for going first o saki e gomen kudasai tore wa iiUiat is only an e tvakeda

e

.

.

.

.

.

.

yourself ii-wake wo iunowao yoshi ^uisai e. . me for beingsolateo(oX;it

don't e

.

.

.

.

narimashUa

100

Excuse e... me,

name

what may be the

of this place? xhitsurri

desil ga, koko wa turn to iu tokoro dexlio? for interniptinft you c. . when you were so busy u inogashii tokoro ivo o jnma aid.

me

mash'ttn

my back please us// (>o mukcte govien misni.

e...

lo')

anyone calls, e. me okijaku ga kimashUara liyo ni ko-

if

.

towatte kvre me I didn't e. pose tsui xhUa .

.

.

do it on purno ilesu kara

gomcn nasai

.

few moments

.

shitsOrei. desii

gasukoslito maclii kudasaru

yd ni

I e.

.

by

it

.

shi-sugite

iva

kovo tnugS I e... he

next steamer

tlie

lunr de kiinasho i-i writinc letters trgmri wo kiiUf. inc doiho it was only to be e. .ed that lie would KOt ill byoki ni 110

when does

tliis

e...?

Exit de-guchi Exorbitant h'igai na

.

entertaining

for

ko-

mi III useless e. .s mtida-zukai I doTit mind the e. .kakari .

.

wa kamainmscn is ton much

the e.

.

for

.

kane

o

ommivaKU

1 e ... "so so I

expect

dekimasu kaf ed omotta I shall e... you moshimusho .

.

it.?

itsu

tori

o

machi

am e...ine; some one in twenty minutes mo ni-jiptatf.u to kyaku ga kuru

pun

hazu desu he does not

e.

.

.

me

please e kore wo dasai .

can you

me

[how much

till flv*"

o'clock gn-ji no yakusoku desu kara so?io mae wa betsu ni matte i-nai desho

is

iittlo

e

sukoshi

. .

imaxu have you any e... of narete

velling

in

tlie

tracountry.*

ua

inaka wo ryoko s/nta koto ga arimasu kaf

anata

practical e

.

.

.

it

nai

jikken

.ly told

amc

you not to do

naza-wnza shite to itta no ni

ion of the isaki ion of the e tiuki it is a common e tsukau koto da

e

.

.

.

.

.

.

a polite

e...ion

kotoha Exterior soto; gaikci External soto nc use gaiyo e. Extinguish kesU .

ike-

iva

face

kao-

me-

eyes .

.

.

ion yoku

na

teinei

(appearance)

bclsii

charged

ni harau no

.

imtshita

keep an e ... on my luggage walahii.-ihi no ninujtsu ni hi

wo tsiikcte o kure strikes ttie e... me ni tsuku before one's very e...s»n« no mae de the .sun is in my e...s hi ga me ni chiratsUkimasH it tries the e. . .3 me ni saivaru it

one e both e. naked e .

e. e. e. e.

.

.

kata-me ryo-me nikugan

.3

.

.

.

.

megane

.

.-glass

.

.-brow mayuge

.

.-lush nuitauge

.

.-lid

mabuta

Face kao to my f... me 7io mae de i... to f,.. kao ivo mukir aivasete f V. t. (turn in any di. rection) ni/muke'ru ; v. i. (oftlieaspect of a house, etc.) ni/muile i'ru; (be opposite)

to

.

.

ni/rnukau to

to

make

;

f...s karakai-zura

be

f

.

.

upwards aonnik»

.

ni imtte i'ru

.

this

ka?

are the e...s.? betsu ni harau no wa nan desu kaf

tvo siiru

downwards (ol to be f things) fuseie aru; (of perutsuimshi ni ne'ru; sons) .

Extra Is

wa

desil

tliis is e. kore wa hen desii Extremely see very Eye nic: (of a needle) ana some dust has got into my e... me ni nani ka hairi-

iu

.

kore

what

Extraordinary

anata wa

this.?

find it difficult to e... myself in Japanese Sihongo de jibun no onwtte iru koto wo hakkiri hanase-

I e.

.

.

.

masen

it.»]

at tlic public e. kohi dt rrjardless ot e... katie ni kumaiva-nai de to stand e...s (for somebody) ogoru expensive (dear) takai; (dear but wortii the money) o kane no kakatta

Experience I have a

.

Express e... -train kyiiko-ressha to e... one's opinion iken

wo

Face

.

e.

(sliow) niisrru to be e...d to the rain ni dashite aru

down e...s kevyaku

ka.^

this to me dr)zo toki-akashite ku-

.

about this iroin him a?(o hUo ni kore wo toi-tadasu

ga kakari-

at your e... anata no kane de what are the e...a.' if:ura de-'^ii

.

i

kore ga icakarimaau ka? to demand an explanation

I

cut

person) semmon-ka;

(a

kuroto

Explain toki-akasu; oshieTu

Explode (intr.) haretsu sum Export yushilsii to e... yushitm sunt Expose (put out) dashite okw,

petty e. . .s zappi s rj/ohi t'ravellins e .

.

Expect

when may

Expert

.

vani hazu dii Expense kakaii

e...s

101

Expert

sum

itm kara kore ga arimasH kat

I

sfiiityo

ikeniasen

to

undo suru. Exhibition hakurankai

.

ajii/rri

nias-u

to tiike e...

as I e

.

amort

to iile o k-ure

Exercise

Exist since

it is betterthan I e. .ed omotta yori yoku dekiniaxhUa don't e... too much of him

.

am

sorry to trou'DJe you go nifndo kakete viakolo nisuniiviaien ask liim please to e. ine a

1

Experience

for

e

.

.

.

J

.

.

100

Excuse e... me,

name

what may be the

of this place? xhitsurri

desil ga, koko wa turn to iu tokoro dexlio? for interniptinft you c. . when you were so busy u inogashii tokoro ivo o jnma aid.

me

mash'ttn

my back please us// (>o mukcte govien misni.

e...

lo')

anyone calls, e. me okijaku ga kimashUara liyo ni ko-

if

.

towatte kvre me I didn't e. pose tsui xhUa .

.

.

do it on purno ilesu kara

gomcn nasai

.

few moments

.

shitsOrei. desii

gasukoslito maclii kudasaru

yd ni

I e.

.

by

it

.

shi-sugite

iva

kovo tnugS I e... he

next steamer

tlie

lunr de kiinasho i-i writinc letters trgmri wo kiiUf. inc doiho it was only to be e. .ed that lie would KOt ill byoki ni 110

when does

tliis

e...?

Exit de-guchi Exorbitant h'igai na

.

entertaining

for

ko-

mi III useless e. .s mtida-zukai I doTit mind the e. .kakari .

.

wa kamainmscn is ton much

the e.

.

for

.

kane

o

ommivaKU

1 e ... "so so I

expect

dekimasu kaf ed omotta I shall e... you moshimusho .

.

it.?

itsu

tori

o

machi

am e...ine; some one in twenty minutes mo ni-jiptatf.u to kyaku ga kuru

pun

hazu desu he does not

e.

.

.

me

please e kore wo dasai .

can you

me

[how much

till flv*"

o'clock gn-ji no yakusoku desu kara so?io mae wa betsu ni matte i-nai desho

is

iittlo

e

sukoshi

. .

imaxu have you any e... of narete

velling

in

tlie

tracountry.*

ua

inaka wo ryoko s/nta koto ga arimasu kaf

anata

practical e

.

.

.

it

nai

jikken

.ly told

amc

you not to do

naza-wnza shite to itta no ni

ion of the isaki ion of the e tiuki it is a common e tsukau koto da

e

.

.

.

.

.

.

a polite

e...ion

kotoha Exterior soto; gaikci External soto nc use gaiyo e. Extinguish kesU .

ike-

iva

face

kao-

me-

eyes .

.

.

ion yoku

na

teinei

(appearance)

bclsii

charged

ni harau no

.

imtshita

keep an e ... on my luggage walahii.-ihi no ninujtsu ni hi

wo tsiikcte o kure strikes ttie e... me ni tsuku before one's very e...s»n« no mae de the .sun is in my e...s hi ga me ni chiratsUkimasH it tries the e. . .3 me ni saivaru it

one e both e. naked e .

e. e. e. e.

.

.

kata-me ryo-me nikugan

.3

.

.

.

.

megane

.

.-glass

.

.-brow mayuge

.

.-lush nuitauge

.

.-lid

mabuta

Face kao to my f... me 7io mae de i... to f,.. kao ivo mukir aivasete f V. t. (turn in any di. rection) ni/muke'ru ; v. i. (oftlieaspect of a house, etc.) ni/muile i'ru; (be opposite)

to

.

.

ni/rnukau to

to

make

;

f...s karakai-zura

be

f

.

.

upwards aonnik»

.

ni imtte i'ru

.

this

ka?

are the e...s.? betsu ni harau no wa nan desu kaf

tvo siiru

downwards (ol to be f things) fuseie aru; (of perutsuimshi ni ne'ru; sons) .

Extra Is

wa

desil

tliis is e. kore wa hen desii Extremely see very Eye nic: (of a needle) ana some dust has got into my e... me ni nani ka hairi-

iu

.

kore

what

Extraordinary

anata wa

this.?

find it difficult to e... myself in Japanese Sihongo de jibun no onwtte iru koto wo hakkiri hanase-

I e.

.

.

.

masen

it.»]

at tlic public e. kohi dt rrjardless ot e... katie ni kumaiva-nai de to stand e...s (for somebody) ogoru expensive (dear) takai; (dear but wortii the money) o kane no kakatta

Experience I have a

.

Express e... -train kyiiko-ressha to e... one's opinion iken

wo

Face

.

e.

(sliow) niisrru to be e...d to the rain ni dashite aru

down e...s kevyaku

ka.^

this to me dr)zo toki-akashite ku-

.

about this iroin him a?(o hUo ni kore wo toi-tadasu

ga kakari-

at your e... anata no kane de what are the e...a.' if:ura de-'^ii

.

i

kore ga icakarimaau ka? to demand an explanation

I

cut

person) semmon-ka;

(a

kuroto

Explain toki-akasu; oshieTu

Explode (intr.) haretsu sum Export yushilsii to e... yushitm sunt Expose (put out) dashite okw,

petty e. . .s zappi s rj/ohi t'ravellins e .

.

Expect

when may

Expert

.

vani hazu dii Expense kakaii

e...s

101

Expert

sum

itm kara kore ga arimasH kat

I

sfiiityo

ikeniasen

to

undo suru. Exhibition hakurankai

.

ajii/rri

nias-u

to tiike e...

as I e

.

amort

to iile o k-ure

Exercise

Exist since

it is betterthan I e. .ed omotta yori yoku dekiniaxhUa don't e... too much of him

.

am

sorry to trou'DJe you go nifndo kakete viakolo nisuniiviaien ask liim please to e. ine a

1

Experience

for

e

.

.

.

J

.

.

Face

Fancy

102 on the

(flat

ho/ram-

belly)

a height) ochiru; wind) pamu

bai ni natte iru

Fact tashU-a na a positive f koto da [it is a tnie tiling] in f hmito wa; honto ni it is a matter of f... -iijitsu it is

.

.

.

.

.

to let

f

don't yo ni

let

I

.

as a matter of wa; honto ni Factory ko-ba

Fade

(of

to

flowers) shibomu does this colour t...? kono iro

wa samemaxu

.

ga irimaiii strenKth f...9 me chikara ga nuketa I will not f to come machiqai

don't

f

.

.

tsU'

.

.

.

.

out with him kenka suru

ano

[two hearts! f...h()od uao

.

.

(this word 13 for "you are

used miitakcu") say a f...hood

oiU-'n

wa ikenuisen I must got'xhiy without f. zehi kfiCi Kii ika-}iakere'ja nara-nai u-asurele

to

ki

v.i.

wo

toku nam tnemni ga shiiiicsa (market) irhi: (\iT(ily)

kirci

.

}>!i:

(just) tadasliii

complexion) that is not f da .

iro .

.

;

(of

no ahiroi

sore

wa

luuri

means or foul donna f koto tvo rh'ito mo t... and prniier xolo na weatiicr it tenki i. f .ly (nithcr) kanari Fall (from the upriRht posiof tion, persons) korohu; (ol things) taoreru; (from by

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

name (surniimc) myoji Famous yiimei na; nodakai lor what is tliis town f....' kuno ruachi de wa nuni ga f...

.

j

I

yumei desfi ku? a f... man yiimei a

f

{.

.

.

.

how

ma

f...

Is

very f... tnihen toi is it f... from tlic .'-tation.* teishaha kara toi don'i ka? how f have you cut? doko

made? from f

.

.

.

tuku kara f off were you.' donogurai hanarete imus/iita ka? as f... as possible dekiru dake toku as I... as possiijle (if possi.

.

.

.

as

f

.

.

.

as

.

.

.

7ia

hUo

place iiieinho

(non-toldiuii:)

(foklinu) electiii-f .

please

scttsti; .

.

f...

seinpu-ki me aoide k-uda-

Fancy f...

know he

Tokyo

wa

did not

nn shiUe una Ulto

wataki'islii t'ikoro de tvi

kuiiasen. deslntn f... as circuni^t;xnce.s pcrinit baai no yurunii

as

may

.

to ga/ki ni

.

f

.

.

.

f...

more zutto more beautiful

kirei ttuin . .

I.

.

.

.

i

.

.

.

masen

.

desluta

Farewell sayonnra to bid f...wejl Uoinagoi suru

Farm

wo

denji

Farmer hyakHsho Farther see FURTHER Fashion hayari it is very f...able at present ima wa sore ga O-hayaFast hayni f .er motto /iniiaku do not go so 1. sonna ni liayiiku ika-nni de o-kure go f...er motto hayaku itie o kure as possible dekirugo as f dake hayaku itte o kure please don't speai; so f sumiu ni hayaku /uinasa-nai de kudaxai don't go so f... down hill soitiia ni hayiku salca wo ori-iiai dt o kmc he is f asleep yoku nete .

.

.

.

.

.

.

so f... as I am concerned wataku.s/d dake tva it is ainusinsi as f as that goes omonhiroi koto wa omoshiroi ga f... anil away zutto is f superior ;utlo ii

by by

('

a

as I

como iru

have seen so f ima made mila uchi de kore ga iciiiban ii Fare (charge for conveyance) chinxen; (fooii) rh-lri what is the f... to Tokyo.* Tokyo made ikura dest'i kat I have f .d badly in Tokyo Toky'i de wa yoku ari-

.

.

.

.

.

ri desfi

Tokyo

.

uchivoa;

Oiji

.S'rt

to take iru

1

.

.

from here to koko kara Asa-

is

how

off zutto saki this is the best I

it

Asakusa.? made dono-gurai arimasii ka? is it still f...? mada toi desH

amari suku-

nai i.

odoroita

kHsci

it

na/ca atsui f... too "little

fmnarete

toi;

Fast hot samui dokoro ka naka-

.

kaijiri

.ly (finely) I'imaku

Fan

.

only f...!

Far

as

Family knzoku

ija

I feel'f

Fair

.

made

tsiiku

taore'ru; kizetsii suru:

f I have met him somewhere doko ka de a tin yo na ki ga suru If... lie will come kuru yd na ki ga suru

I

ble) dckircda

uso

.

Faint

103

ka.'

.

.

tliis

.

wo

te

.

.

.

naku kinmsii to remember

.

f

.

my

.

hands

complishment) dame ni nam False uxo no hair ire-qe f . f. teeth ire-ba seems to be f usorashii f... -hearted jdta-gokoro no

have my dress tomorrow without f machigai naku myonichi kimono

.

my

on

hito to

Fail I must

.

otosa-nai

to f... into ni/ochi-koniu to f... throuch (fail of ac-

ka?

.

the

korobimashita to f over a chair isu ni tsukkakatte korobu to f... asleep nemuru .

sameru;

(of colours)

(of

ite

honto

f

otosH it f...

.

.

fell on a stone ishi rurue ni korotnmasMta

I fell

da

.

Fancy

2Mfto

.

I

am

.

iriuisH

colours f... same-nai iro f... train kyikO-resslui hold f ihikkari tsukamaete o-ide iMsai .

being cold,

.

.

.

.

Face

Fancy

102 on the

(flat

ho/ram-

belly)

a height) ochiru; wind) pamu

bai ni natte iru

Fact tashU-a na a positive f koto da [it is a tnie tiling] in f hmito wa; honto ni it is a matter of f... -iijitsu it is

.

.

.

.

.

to let

f

don't yo ni

let

I

.

as a matter of wa; honto ni Factory ko-ba

Fade

(of

to

flowers) shibomu does this colour t...? kono iro

wa samemaxu

.

ga irimaiii strenKth f...9 me chikara ga nuketa I will not f to come machiqai

don't

f

.

.

tsU'

.

.

.

.

out with him kenka suru

ano

[two hearts! f...h()od uao

.

.

(this word 13 for "you are

used miitakcu") say a f...hood

oiU-'n

wa ikenuisen I must got'xhiy without f. zehi kfiCi Kii ika-}iakere'ja nara-nai u-asurele

to

ki

v.i.

wo

toku nam tnemni ga shiiiicsa (market) irhi: (\iT(ily)

kirci

.

}>!i:

(just) tadasliii

complexion) that is not f da .

iro .

.

;

(of

no ahiroi

sore

wa

luuri

means or foul donna f koto tvo rh'ito mo t... and prniier xolo na weatiicr it tenki i. f .ly (nithcr) kanari Fall (from the upriRht posiof tion, persons) korohu; (ol things) taoreru; (from by

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

name (surniimc) myoji Famous yiimei na; nodakai lor what is tliis town f....' kuno ruachi de wa nuni ga f...

.

j

I

yumei desfi ku? a f... man yiimei a

f

{.

.

.

.

how

ma

f...

Is

very f... tnihen toi is it f... from tlic .'-tation.* teishaha kara toi don'i ka? how f have you cut? doko

made? from f

.

.

.

tuku kara f off were you.' donogurai hanarete imus/iita ka? as f... as possible dekiru dake toku as I... as possiijle (if possi.

.

.

.

as

f

.

.

.

as

.

.

.

7ia

hUo

place iiieinho

(non-toldiuii:)

(foklinu) electiii-f .

please

scttsti; .

.

f...

seinpu-ki me aoide k-uda-

Fancy f...

know he

Tokyo

wa

did not

nn shiUe una Ulto

wataki'islii t'ikoro de tvi

kuiiasen. deslntn f... as circuni^t;xnce.s pcrinit baai no yurunii

as

may

.

to ga/ki ni

.

f

.

.

.

f...

more zutto more beautiful

kirei ttuin . .

I.

.

.

.

i

.

.

.

masen

.

desluta

Farewell sayonnra to bid f...wejl Uoinagoi suru

Farm

wo

denji

Farmer hyakHsho Farther see FURTHER Fashion hayari it is very f...able at present ima wa sore ga O-hayaFast hayni f .er motto /iniiaku do not go so 1. sonna ni liayiiku ika-nni de o-kure go f...er motto hayaku itie o kure as possible dekirugo as f dake hayaku itte o kure please don't speai; so f sumiu ni hayaku /uinasa-nai de kudaxai don't go so f... down hill soitiia ni hayiku salca wo ori-iiai dt o kmc he is f asleep yoku nete .

.

.

.

.

.

.

so f... as I am concerned wataku.s/d dake tva it is ainusinsi as f as that goes omonhiroi koto wa omoshiroi ga f... anil away zutto is f superior ;utlo ii

by by

('

a

as I

como iru

have seen so f ima made mila uchi de kore ga iciiiban ii Fare (charge for conveyance) chinxen; (fooii) rh-lri what is the f... to Tokyo.* Tokyo made ikura dest'i kat I have f .d badly in Tokyo Toky'i de wa yoku ari-

.

.

.

.

.

ri desfi

Tokyo

.

uchivoa;

Oiji

.S'rt

to take iru

1

.

.

from here to koko kara Asa-

is

how

off zutto saki this is the best I

it

Asakusa.? made dono-gurai arimasii ka? is it still f...? mada toi desH

amari suku-

nai i.

odoroita

kHsci

it

na/ca atsui f... too "little

fmnarete

toi;

Fast hot samui dokoro ka naka-

.

kaijiri

.ly (finely) I'imaku

Fan

.

only f...!

Far

as

Family knzoku

ija

I feel'f

Fair

.

made

tsiiku

taore'ru; kizetsii suru:

f I have met him somewhere doko ka de a tin yo na ki ga suru If... lie will come kuru yd na ki ga suru

I

ble) dckircda

uso

.

Faint

103

ka.'

.

.

tliis

.

wo

te

.

.

.

naku kinmsii to remember

.

f

.

my

.

hands

complishment) dame ni nam False uxo no hair ire-qe f . f. teeth ire-ba seems to be f usorashii f... -hearted jdta-gokoro no

have my dress tomorrow without f machigai naku myonichi kimono

.

my

on

hito to

Fail I must

.

otosa-nai

to f... into ni/ochi-koniu to f... throuch (fail of ac-

ka?

.

the

korobimashita to f over a chair isu ni tsukkakatte korobu to f... asleep nemuru .

sameru;

(of colours)

(of

ite

honto

f

otosH it f...

.

.

fell on a stone ishi rurue ni korotnmasMta

I fell

da

.

Fancy

2Mfto

.

I

am

.

iriuisH

colours f... same-nai iro f... train kyikO-resslui hold f ihikkari tsukamaete o-ide iMsai .

being cold,

.

.

.

.

104

Fast

raining f... atne aa jutte imnsii watcli is five minutes f... tvatnkushi no tokci wa go-jun siisunde irnastl to stick f... ^hikhari tsuku Fat intoUa he is f... fiitotte hnnsu a f... man /utotta hlto to set f f II torn I do not lilce f... ahurami wa kirni desu is

it

don-dcm

my

.

Father

.

o

chichi Ctliia less respect-

tfl-fcin;

is

ful) f.

.-in-law

.

.

.

.

f...able

opportunity ii ori a f...able opportunity ii ori wo matsu w;iit

an adopted

f

.

.

.

my

f...

watukushi

no (lynmnrlii de wa nriviasen;

wami

ga

watiiki'ishi

no

de tva ariiivisen tliat

wa

sore

ga tvarui no

cinata

desit

whose

f

.

.

.

dare ga wa-

it?

is

rui no dcsi'i Lai the I. of

it is

.

tenici

no

have no

1

him

0710

f

.

.

.

liHo .

to find with ni nhfiki Korei Sai) 17 Harvest ThanksOct. giving (A'(/;i Naun' Sai) Oct. 31 Postponed celebration of Emperor's. Idrtbday {Tenchosetsii iihuku.nl.su)

suru,

sickness byoki no furi wo sunt: kebyo wo taiikau Fellow hito; (term of contempt) yatsU to

Feminine onnnrashii

deatli of tlie late iiniperor

hands are so cold that have no f... in them te

wit)i sympathise your I .s o samhi ninshimasu f hurt someNidy's f...s to kiinochi wo waruka suru .

Festival

ri

f...s

it

this

Feci (touch) sau'iiru .

ni

ikaga desii?

..'

.

.

ga tsumelakute baka ni nulla

holiday)

Feed (traus.) tabemse'ru;

I can f no hone

f

kimochi

tabe'ni it

tash'ika

omoiinnsu

1

See FESTIVAL Feather hanc f... duster hane no halaki Features (iuce) kao-tsUki February ni-gatsu rei Fee rei

do me the f...

sure

f...

I

how do you

my

.lully osoroshiku

is

ill

.

OKoroshii

koiviti: I.

what

Favour :,ou

is

/lata-hi

desi't

ni nnrui koto ica ariinasen icarui koto to commit a f wo mirv

will

wa

i...-(lay

weather

tlie

.

n'i

f... of rain? duijohu desho kaf no f... of rain

tenki na duijohu drsil for i. of giving offence hito ga icaruku ornou to iketuii

your f... sore wn no aijonmrln drsu;

is

anuia

karada ga warui to f... bcttr-r yoku naru

it

any

shi-

masii

If...

I

.

samuke ga

cold

I f...

child omoi-go

there

ii

105

Feel

you need not f.

Fear child)

Fault

not

for

Favourite (of persons) hiiki na my f... liower icki-bun suki

there

is

ii

tsugn

to

tcnki it

.

circumstances

na liana

.

(of

.

f...able

sliTito

grand-f... o-jii-san miimd-rhirhi step f i...

watakfishi wa honto ni arigatai to omoimasU would like to ask a f... of_ you sukoshi o negai sliitai koto ga arimam [I would like to make a request] to be in f of ii to ornou I

.

term

latter

Feel

(of

or

Nov.

23

Second

Harvest

Pestival (Nii Aanic Sai)

loUowuig poi)ular holidays are more or less universally observed

Tile

Jan. 15, 10 Servants' days (Yabu-iri)

Mar. 3

tiirls'

Holi-

Festival (Dolls)

Hina no Sekku

104

Fast

raining f... atne aa jutte imnsii watcli is five minutes f... tvatnkushi no tokci wa go-jun siisunde irnastl to stick f... ^hikhari tsuku Fat intoUa he is f... fiitotte hnnsu a f... man /utotta hlto to set f f II torn I do not lilce f... ahurami wa kirni desu is

it

don-dcm

my

.

Father

.

o

chichi Ctliia less respect-

tfl-fcin;

is

ful) f.

.-in-law

.

.

.

.

f...able

opportunity ii ori a f...able opportunity ii ori wo matsu w;iit

an adopted

f

.

.

.

my

f...

watukushi

no (lynmnrlii de wa nriviasen;

wami

ga

watiiki'ishi

no

de tva ariiivisen tliat

wa

sore

ga tvarui no

cinata

desit

whose

f

.

.

.

dare ga wa-

it?

is

rui no dcsi'i Lai the I. of

it is

.

tenici

no

have no

1

him

0710

f

.

.

.

liHo .

to find with ni nhfiki Korei Sai) 17 Harvest ThanksOct. giving (A'(/;i Naun' Sai) Oct. 31 Postponed celebration of Emperor's. Idrtbday {Tenchosetsii iihuku.nl.su)

suru,

sickness byoki no furi wo sunt: kebyo wo taiikau Fellow hito; (term of contempt) yatsU to

Feminine onnnrashii

deatli of tlie late iiniperor

hands are so cold that have no f... in them te

wit)i sympathise your I .s o samhi ninshimasu f hurt someNidy's f...s to kiinochi wo waruka suru .

Festival

ri

f...s

it

this

Feci (touch) sau'iiru .

ni

ikaga desii?

..'

.

.

ga tsumelakute baka ni nulla

holiday)

Feed (traus.) tabemse'ru;

I can f no hone

f

kimochi

tabe'ni it

tash'ika

omoiinnsu

1

See FESTIVAL Feather hanc f... duster hane no halaki Features (iuce) kao-tsUki February ni-gatsu rei Fee rei

do me the f...

sure

f...

I

how do you

my

.lully osoroshiku

is

ill

.

OKoroshii

koiviti: I.

what

Favour :,ou

is

/lata-hi

desi't

ni nnrui koto ica ariinasen icarui koto to commit a f wo mirv

will

wa

i...-(lay

weather

tlie

.

n'i

f... of rain? duijohu desho kaf no f... of rain

tenki na duijohu drsil for i. of giving offence hito ga icaruku ornou to iketuii

your f... sore wn no aijonmrln drsu;

is

anuia

karada ga warui to f... bcttr-r yoku naru

it

any

shi-

masii

If...

I

.

samuke ga

cold

I f...

child omoi-go

there

ii

105

Feel

you need not f.

Fear child)

Fault

not

for

Favourite (of persons) hiiki na my f... liower icki-bun suki

there

is

ii

tsugn

to

tcnki it

.

circumstances

na liana

.

(of

.

f...able

sliTito

grand-f... o-jii-san miimd-rhirhi step f i...

watakfishi wa honto ni arigatai to omoimasU would like to ask a f... of_ you sukoshi o negai sliitai koto ga arimam [I would like to make a request] to be in f of ii to ornou I

.

term

latter

Feel

(of

or

Nov.

23

Second

Harvest

Pestival (Nii Aanic Sai)

loUowuig poi)ular holidays are more or less universally observed

Tile

Jan. 15, 10 Servants' days (Yabu-iri)

Mar. 3

tiirls'

Holi-

Festival (Dolls)

Hina no Sekku

May

Fin

106

Festival

ni

5 Boys' Festival (Flags

and

Tango

Armour)

Feast

15

14,

July 15, days (Yabu-in) Dec. 31 New Year's o-misoka

flowers are but f my garden watakushi no niva ni tea hana ga sukoshi shika arimasen

a

o called the fifnt are miya, of the second o tera. miija liave each one The or two big festivals a. year

fixed

dates:

and

.

reli-

we must remember that there are two religions in Japan, tlie Sliinto and the (Official) Buddhist. The temples of

vmUuri

.

f

the

Willi regard to festivals, gious

these are are

they

observed

in the district correspoiidiiic; to tlie temple. They al.-o have minor fe-tivali, called evniehi, three or four times a

month, and occuring always on the sjimo days of

.

.

have

month,

o

ijorne

tera

have

others

eniiidti.

not.

.

.

gozaimasu a

f

.

.

a time g&koshi-

at

.

zutsu

a

iu

f

.

days

.

.

ni-san-nicfti

no ucki ni in

a

f

moments mojiki

.

.

.

Fidget V.

you

f.

.

moji-moji turu

t.

me

.

jirettai

(niieadow)

Fie!d hatake; na ra !

ice-f .

.

I

little

iva

ariinasu to cure a

Few

rini/o

i- interestina kono hon ua tnihen omoshiroi to omoiinasu

1 f

.

.

.

If... I cannot go to-day kyo wa ikaremasen [I cannot go to-day]

and

try

f...

kure plea.se tell

f

.

.

.

him

\Batakiishi shite,

tai

kum

will

\l

sagashite mite

my

boy and come here no boi wo sagato

yo

out

(by asking) kiite (by looking) mite

f

.

.

m

iUe kuda-

out

.

kiite

mima-

mimasho

out at what time the boat leaves nan-fi ni fune kure fa_ demasu ka. kiite o out (in wrong to be f doing), ashi ga t«li« I have found this, whose is it.? kore wo mitsUkemashita, dare no desii ka? it is mine, watakushi no desii .

.

.

.

I

left

it

.

.

in

the train kisha

no TMka ye wasurete kimashita I

re-

have

iiashimasu I

.

irete o

and

it

me

to

it

.

sho; mile f

Final f

.

.

o kure; o kure 1

mono

y kitanai

.

dare de liberal reward sore wo nriisukeie xvatakushi ni todokete kudasaru kata ni wa s60 no o rei wo

gntf; (rintt/:ni)

t.

flowers tvatakHshi no f.

.

a

shimn-hita Figure (number) siiji; (form) katiichi; (of the body) «u-

Fill

shite o

with earth tsuchi de

.

mo

shita

ya

.

turns

Fight (a row) i.nika; (a battle) senso kenku sum; senso sriru to f ing f atari two men were f no hito ga kenka shite ima.

.

vme'ru f

tn

.

f

Filth kitnnai

Fifteen ju-go Fifty go-jU Fig icitijiku

I

siikoxhi;

have

condition)

disca.se)

have a kunhi

na-

Japan fought against China Nihon to Skina to senso

Fetch see bring Fever (a passing 7ietsu; (a

.

.

.

the

.

f persons shi-go-n\n [four or five persons) Japanese are tall set no takai Silion-jin ua sukuno

Eve

up ippai ni

it

.

.

.

to

in

in

of the dead O Bon 16 Servants' Holi-

memory

f

Finish

kure

there

Sekku July 13,

on

sukoshi ari-

ga

liana

masu

no

lo;

FUl

I

I

put it here (there) koko (soko) e okimashita had it only, tliis morning kesa made atta am afraid you willnevet f it mo mitsukara-nai desho .

.

you wiH f...8ome on the desk tsUkue no ue ni aru desh» Fine (slender) hosoi; (minute) komakai; (pretty) kirei na; (very good) saijo no (in te.xture)

me no komakai

that's f... erai (slang) arts bijutsu f weather ii tenki f .

.

.

.

.

.

Finger yw6v ibi the thumb, the fingers are called oya-yubi (parent-finger) (finger that hilo-sashi-yubi l»Vints at people)

Beginning with

:

ttnktt-yubi (middle-finger)

kusuri-yubi (medecine-flDger) ko-yubi (little-finger) Finish (to end) shrmau; (to be ready, of a thing) d^rJci•ru; deki-agaru; (to put the finishing touches) shi-age'ru

May

Fin

106

Festival

ni

5 Boys' Festival (Flags

and

Tango

Armour)

Feast

15

14,

July 15, days (Yabu-in) Dec. 31 New Year's o-misoka

flowers are but f my garden watakushi no niva ni tea hana ga sukoshi shika arimasen

a

o called the fifnt are miya, of the second o tera. miija liave each one The or two big festivals a. year

fixed

dates:

and

.

reli-

we must remember that there are two religions in Japan, tlie Sliinto and the (Official) Buddhist. The temples of

vmUuri

.

f

the

Willi regard to festivals, gious

these are are

they

observed

in the district correspoiidiiic; to tlie temple. They al.-o have minor fe-tivali, called evniehi, three or four times a

month, and occuring always on the sjimo days of

.

.

have

month,

o

ijorne

tera

have

others

eniiidti.

not.

.

.

gozaimasu a

f

.

.

a time g&koshi-

at

.

zutsu

a

iu

f

.

days

.

.

ni-san-nicfti

no ucki ni in

a

f

moments mojiki

.

.

.

Fidget V.

you

f.

.

moji-moji turu

t.

me

.

jirettai

(niieadow)

Fie!d hatake; na ra !

ice-f .

.

I

little

iva

ariinasu to cure a

Few

rini/o

i- interestina kono hon ua tnihen omoshiroi to omoiinasu

1 f

.

.

.

If... I cannot go to-day kyo wa ikaremasen [I cannot go to-day]

and

try

f...

kure plea.se tell

f

.

.

.

him

\Batakiishi shite,

tai

kum

will

\l

sagashite mite

my

boy and come here no boi wo sagato

yo

out

(by asking) kiite (by looking) mite

f

.

.

m

iUe kuda-

out

.

kiite

mima-

mimasho

out at what time the boat leaves nan-fi ni fune kure fa_ demasu ka. kiite o out (in wrong to be f doing), ashi ga t«li« I have found this, whose is it.? kore wo mitsUkemashita, dare no desii ka? it is mine, watakushi no desii .

.

.

.

I

left

it

.

.

in

the train kisha

no TMka ye wasurete kimashita I

re-

have

iiashimasu I

.

irete o

and

it

me

to

it

.

sho; mile f

Final f

.

.

o kure; o kure 1

mono

y kitanai

.

dare de liberal reward sore wo nriisukeie xvatakushi ni todokete kudasaru kata ni wa s60 no o rei wo

gntf; (rintt/:ni)

t.

flowers tvatakHshi no f.

.

a

shimn-hita Figure (number) siiji; (form) katiichi; (of the body) «u-

Fill

shite o

with earth tsuchi de

.

mo

shita

ya

.

turns

Fight (a row) i.nika; (a battle) senso kenku sum; senso sriru to f ing f atari two men were f no hito ga kenka shite ima.

.

vme'ru f

tn

.

f

Filth kitnnai

Fifteen ju-go Fifty go-jU Fig icitijiku

I

siikoxhi;

have

condition)

disca.se)

have a kunhi

na-

Japan fought against China Nihon to Skina to senso

Fetch see bring Fever (a passing 7ietsu; (a

.

.

.

the

.

f persons shi-go-n\n [four or five persons) Japanese are tall set no takai Silion-jin ua sukuno

Eve

up ippai ni

it

.

.

.

to

in

in

of the dead O Bon 16 Servants' Holi-

memory

f

Finish

kure

there

Sekku July 13,

on

sukoshi ari-

ga

liana

masu

no

lo;

FUl

I

I

put it here (there) koko (soko) e okimashita had it only, tliis morning kesa made atta am afraid you willnevet f it mo mitsukara-nai desho .

.

you wiH f...8ome on the desk tsUkue no ue ni aru desh» Fine (slender) hosoi; (minute) komakai; (pretty) kirei na; (very good) saijo no (in te.xture)

me no komakai

that's f... erai (slang) arts bijutsu f weather ii tenki f .

.

.

.

.

.

Finger yw6v ibi the thumb, the fingers are called oya-yubi (parent-finger) (finger that hilo-sashi-yubi l»Vints at people)

Beginning with

:

ttnktt-yubi (middle-finger)

kusuri-yubi (medecine-flDger) ko-yubi (little-finger) Finish (to end) shrmau; (to be ready, of a thing) d^rJci•ru; deki-agaru; (to put the finishing touches) shi-age'ru

108

Finish

you

have

tMr

mio

f...ed.»

maifnashita kai

when

will

you be

f

.

.

.-ed? ttoii

ihimaimasO, kaf be f...ed directly sugu ni shimaimasu

ru

when

be f...ed.'

will it

itsit

dekimasu kaf

dekimasen will soon be f...ed it

tw

jiki ni dekimasH,

f...ed

be

(consumed)

ninani matsa.; momi .

daskUa near here.* kaji the f ehikaku demi kat you are not careful you if will set the house on f . ki wo teHke-nai to kaji ni .

.

.

wa

.

f out hi wo keen has gone out hi ga kiemashUa to catch f . . . hi ga tsUku moeru to be on f a gMD teppo wo utsa to f . . i. . .-bell hansho f. ..-works handbi

the

f.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

I. t.

. .

Finn

-wood maki -brazier hibachi shikkari (adj.)

»Mta;

tell

me mazu

hcmashUe

kvdaiai i... ol all (time)

at f .

f

.

.

.

.

mazu on the

.

.

.

.

class it-to; jotS

t

.

.

f. .

.

.

.

.

yakirzakana cut into slices «a-

shimi f...

fried

no has

tempura; sakana

many

it

kont

bones.*

bemasen feel

like

a f...

out of oka e

kappa da [like a kappa gone on to the land: the kappa is a fabuga

water

agatta yo

that

has

lous fish] to f . . sakema wo toru f . . . erman ryoshi f.

.

.monger aakana-ya

. .

hajime ni

f...ing-line tsuri-Uo 1.

maoi

.

f.

.8

.

.

.

and

starts yattari

.

.

.

use sore wa mS tsUkae-nai to f... au these boots do not f . kono kutsu wa yoku aimasen (o f... in (trans.) hame'ru; .

(intr.) hamarti it will not f . into this place .

koko.ni hairimasen Fhre itsutsU; go; itsit or ii Fix (determine) kime'ru I am in a f . . taihen ni. komatte ivtasH .ed prices teika f tbere is no f .ed rule kimari §a nai letusf... j,yhiwQlnvnema' tho Flas hai'% Flame hi Flannel fUranneru Flat (level) taira na; hiratai t. country hirachi to refuse f . .ly kippari koUh .

.

.

.

.

.

iH-rai

I eat it only if it is quite fresh atarashiku nakereba to-

to

by

yara-nakaUari BOt f to eat t berare-nai that is no longer f . for

.

Fish sakana ni-zakana boiled f . f . . . broiled with salt sakana no shio-yaki

baked raw f

109

Fit

.

f . floor ni-kai de [second floor] to go f . . (ahead) saki e iku dozo o saki e . please go f excuse me for goia^ f . . « saki e gomen kuda^ ii

f...ing-rod tsuri-zao

First . .

.

.

(commercial) shdkan t.

rate ichi-ban ii train ichi-ban gisha in tiie f . . place dai ichi ni; .

the

ga takusan arimasH hat

tMrimatH to put a

.

.

Fir Fire hi; (a conflagration) kaji make the f . hi wo takitsUkete o kure a f . . . has brolien out at No. 2 ni-ban kara hi wo is

.

.

thimai

.

was there f . . . vxUak&shi wa ichi-ban hajime ni soko ni imashila f .sweep and then dost saki nihaite aw de hataite kure for the f . . . time hajimeU from the first hajime kara

I

f.

nearly f...cd hotondo it is dekimashita mada isn't f...ed yot it

to

Fit

.ing-book tsuri-bari

Fit (convulsions) kyofH; (stitr able) tekiiS wt

Flavour aji

.

Fog

.

.

moya

kiri;

Fold ori-me; (a to f tatamu .

.

pleat) hida;

.

please

my

f...

clothes po-

faku wo tatande kudatai Follow f dose, behind nte wotokuahi no ato ni tsuite o-ide from this it f .8 kore kara osu to as f .8 koko ni kaku tSri; .

.

.

.

.

tsugi

the

.

.

f.

no .

tori

.ing

no hi two days

day

son* Uugi

f...ing

IvUHka

•kiin]

tbe f .s tormented me last night yObe wa nomi nikurU' thimeraremaehita .

f... -powder nomi-yoke

Flesh niktt v.

i.

uku

ground

f. ..

f...

are you f . . . of appjes^ rfn* go ga atiki 4ts6 kaf I am very f.. . of you watO' kHshi wa anata. ga taihen saki desH

Food

thita

ni-kai

Fond

See LIEB

Flood n. o-mizu Floor yuka first

the irises are in f . . . now shobu wa md takimashUa f...-vase hana-ike; kabin artiflclal f. . .s zoka Ruently sura-sura Flute vokobue; fue (a kind of flute often used in the streets by divers vendors and masseurs) Fly (insect) hai; to f tobu; (flee) nige-ru

on the sixth and the thre« days f...ing muika iofa yokka-kan [N.B. not mikka-

See TA8XB Flaw kisM Flea nomi

Hoat

Flower }Mna

tsuiukete

want

.

Food

f. ..)

[second

floor]

second f . . tan-gai Flour kona; (imported) riken-ko

labe-mono;

(Eiiropeaa

aeiyo-rydri

morning meal aaa no sbokuji midday meal hiru no sh/h kaji

.

me-

evening kuri

meal

ban no aha-

108

Finish

you

have

tMr

mio

f...ed.»

maifnashita kai

when

will

you be

f

.

.

.-ed? ttoii

ihimaimasO, kaf be f...ed directly sugu ni shimaimasu

ru

when

be f...ed.'

will it

itsit

dekimasu kaf

dekimasen will soon be f...ed it

tw

jiki ni dekimasH,

f...ed

be

(consumed)

ninani matsa.; momi .

daskUa near here.* kaji the f ehikaku demi kat you are not careful you if will set the house on f . ki wo teHke-nai to kaji ni .

.

.

wa

.

f out hi wo keen has gone out hi ga kiemashUa to catch f . . . hi ga tsUku moeru to be on f a gMD teppo wo utsa to f . . i. . .-bell hansho f. ..-works handbi

the

f.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

I. t.

. .

Finn

-wood maki -brazier hibachi shikkari (adj.)

»Mta;

tell

me mazu

hcmashUe

kvdaiai i... ol all (time)

at f .

f

.

.

.

.

mazu on the

.

.

.

.

class it-to; jotS

t

.

.

f. .

.

.

.

.

yakirzakana cut into slices «a-

shimi f...

fried

no has

tempura; sakana

many

it

kont

bones.*

bemasen feel

like

a f...

out of oka e

kappa da [like a kappa gone on to the land: the kappa is a fabuga

water

agatta yo

that

has

lous fish] to f . . sakema wo toru f . . . erman ryoshi f.

.

.monger aakana-ya

. .

hajime ni

f...ing-line tsuri-Uo 1.

maoi

.

f.

.8

.

.

.

and

starts yattari

.

.

.

use sore wa mS tsUkae-nai to f... au these boots do not f . kono kutsu wa yoku aimasen (o f... in (trans.) hame'ru; .

(intr.) hamarti it will not f . into this place .

koko.ni hairimasen Fhre itsutsU; go; itsit or ii Fix (determine) kime'ru I am in a f . . taihen ni. komatte ivtasH .ed prices teika f tbere is no f .ed rule kimari §a nai letusf... j,yhiwQlnvnema' tho Flas hai'% Flame hi Flannel fUranneru Flat (level) taira na; hiratai t. country hirachi to refuse f . .ly kippari koUh .

.

.

.

.

.

iH-rai

I eat it only if it is quite fresh atarashiku nakereba to-

to

by

yara-nakaUari BOt f to eat t berare-nai that is no longer f . for

.

Fish sakana ni-zakana boiled f . f . . . broiled with salt sakana no shio-yaki

baked raw f

109

Fit

.

f . floor ni-kai de [second floor] to go f . . (ahead) saki e iku dozo o saki e . please go f excuse me for goia^ f . . « saki e gomen kuda^ ii

f...ing-rod tsuri-zao

First . .

.

.

(commercial) shdkan t.

rate ichi-ban ii train ichi-ban gisha in tiie f . . place dai ichi ni; .

the

ga takusan arimasH hat

tMrimatH to put a

.

.

Fir Fire hi; (a conflagration) kaji make the f . hi wo takitsUkete o kure a f . . . has brolien out at No. 2 ni-ban kara hi wo is

.

.

thimai

.

was there f . . . vxUak&shi wa ichi-ban hajime ni soko ni imashila f .sweep and then dost saki nihaite aw de hataite kure for the f . . . time hajimeU from the first hajime kara

I

f.

nearly f...cd hotondo it is dekimashita mada isn't f...ed yot it

to

Fit

.ing-book tsuri-bari

Fit (convulsions) kyofH; (stitr able) tekiiS wt

Flavour aji

.

Fog

.

.

moya

kiri;

Fold ori-me; (a to f tatamu .

.

pleat) hida;

.

please

my

f...

clothes po-

faku wo tatande kudatai Follow f dose, behind nte wotokuahi no ato ni tsuite o-ide from this it f .8 kore kara osu to as f .8 koko ni kaku tSri; .

.

.

.

.

tsugi

the

.

.

f.

no .

tori

.ing

no hi two days

day

son* Uugi

f...ing

IvUHka

•kiin]

tbe f .s tormented me last night yObe wa nomi nikurU' thimeraremaehita .

f... -powder nomi-yoke

Flesh niktt v.

i.

uku

ground

f. ..

f...

are you f . . . of appjes^ rfn* go ga atiki 4ts6 kaf I am very f.. . of you watO' kHshi wa anata. ga taihen saki desH

Food

thita

ni-kai

Fond

See LIEB

Flood n. o-mizu Floor yuka first

the irises are in f . . . now shobu wa md takimashUa f...-vase hana-ike; kabin artiflclal f. . .s zoka Ruently sura-sura Flute vokobue; fue (a kind of flute often used in the streets by divers vendors and masseurs) Fly (insect) hai; to f tobu; (flee) nige-ru

on the sixth and the thre« days f...ing muika iofa yokka-kan [N.B. not mikka-

See TA8XB Flaw kisM Flea nomi

Hoat

Flower }Mna

tsuiukete

want

.

Food

f. ..)

[second

floor]

second f . . tan-gai Flour kona; (imported) riken-ko

labe-mono;

(Eiiropeaa

aeiyo-rydri

morning meal aaa no sbokuji midday meal hiru no sh/h kaji

.

me-

evening kuri

meal

ban no aha-

110

Food may

offer you something? ha aiicmnslio ka! (The .Ti-paiiese doiit usually ask tin's qnesticii. hut iiave tea and cakes iiroimlit in to a Kuest irrespective of tlie hour of the day or tlie time I

vniri

of tiie year) please help yourself (of food, etc.) (jn jiiiu ni; (eat what has been sorved yon) o uyuri

Kinopcan f...?

ka? hreakfast too'clock morning nionow at 7 myOus'i shicUi-ji ni shokuji ga shUfi III European style Hotels the Knglish names of the eatables arc cennrally understood: in higi) class .fapanesc Inns in the hitrgcr towns you can somctniies get a sci'/o-rj/Ori

qn

ihlciitiiiau

my

want'

few sirnpli! I'.nropean dislies, badly iiroparcd. Wlien travelling in tlie country, you had bettor take a supjily and provisions some of sort of a cook with you. With regard to the towns

that

have

no

Knropean

Hotels, you will find milk a»id tinned butter otdy in the most important; bread in those of i«cg palatable:

less

bean soup

mi-to-shiru

no

sakana

Murray's

in

of or

shio-yaki

broiled

fisli

unogi-meshi layers and eels with soy

of

rice

tamarjo-yaki sort of omelette tori-Hobe chicken cut up and

stewed ushi-^nahe beef similarly treat-

nuKui can i fiave I

Food

list

of things sug-

ed cake snnbei thin biscuits yokan sweet bean paste sake alcfiliolic drink made kusn'ittira si)onge

from

The

may

rice followin;:

expre.ssions

be uselnl;

of faro kondale-hyo ct;g tamarjo new laid ej^g umitnte no tohill

wago soft

boiled

e.L'g

tamago no

hanjiku hard boiled egg ude tamago omelette omuretiu fish sfkana fried fish

mkana no

furai

meat riku beef njiiniku fowl tori

soup soppu; suimono breitd

pan

butter batti lard biUa no abura atnira olive oil orihwyu (Tlie Japane.se generally oil

um

goma no abura; the poorer aburm. The tane class Foreigner will probably prefer to avoid these.) boiled rice gohan; muhi

potato imo

Food sweet potato Batgu,ma-imo

111

For

110

Food may

offer you something? ha aiicmnslio ka! (The .Ti-paiiese doiit usually ask tin's qnesticii. hut iiave tea and cakes iiroimlit in to a Kuest irrespective of tlie hour of the day or tlie time I

vniri

of tiie year) please help yourself (of food, etc.) (jn jiiiu ni; (eat what has been sorved yon) o uyuri

Kinopcan f...?

ka? hreakfast too'clock morning nionow at 7 myOus'i shicUi-ji ni shokuji ga shUfi III European style Hotels the Knglish names of the eatables arc cennrally understood: in higi) class .fapanesc Inns in the hitrgcr towns you can somctniies get a sci'/o-rj/Ori

qn

ihlciitiiiau

my

want'

few sirnpli! I'.nropean dislies, badly iiroparcd. Wlien travelling in tlie country, you had bettor take a supjily and provisions some of sort of a cook with you. With regard to the towns

that

have

no

Knropean

Hotels, you will find milk a»id tinned butter otdy in the most important; bread in those of i«cg palatable:

less

bean soup

mi-to-shiru

no

sakana

Murray's

in

of or

shio-yaki

broiled

fisli

unogi-meshi layers and eels with soy

of

rice

tamarjo-yaki sort of omelette tori-Hobe chicken cut up and

stewed ushi-^nahe beef similarly treat-

nuKui can i fiave I

Food

list

of things sug-

ed cake snnbei thin biscuits yokan sweet bean paste sake alcfiliolic drink made kusn'ittira si)onge

from

The

may

rice followin;:

expre.ssions

be uselnl;

of faro kondale-hyo ct;g tamarjo new laid ej^g umitnte no tohill

wago soft

boiled

e.L'g

tamago no

hanjiku hard boiled egg ude tamago omelette omuretiu fish sfkana fried fish

mkana no

furai

meat riku beef njiiniku fowl tori

soup soppu; suimono breitd

pan

butter batti lard biUa no abura atnira olive oil orihwyu (Tlie Japane.se generally oil

um

goma no abura; the poorer aburm. The tane class Foreigner will probably prefer to avoid these.) boiled rice gohan; muhi

potato imo

Food sweet potato Batgu,ma-imo

111

For

For f.

112 uri-mono

sale

.

.

Foreign

giving offence oa waruJcu omou to ike-

f...

fear

hi to

of

.

to say watakuchi wo dasA

wa nai

have come f... the clock titri ni khnaxhUa

tokei wo [to take

I

me

.

.

tokoro de

I

avay the

went f... he was out

clock]

doctor but

t)ie

wo

iaha

yobi ni

iUa ga rusv datUi

has be gone

my

watcli? tori ni ikimasIAta

wo

tokei

f

.

.

.

kaf I will send

f

.

.

.

it tori

rimasho you give exchange f...

me

will

to

sore

ya-

tii

that in kore

tliis?

tori-kaeU kuda-

to

saimasen kaf

want

f...

of

money kane

ga (ari-nai kara once f all mo kore . .

letters

.

f

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

wo shimasho

mother wrote .

me

letter

ttie

o kd-san ni tegami

wo

kaite morai/tnashUa

inconvenient f me sore wa watasJii ni fuben desU rice f 5 men meski gothat

is

.

.

.

.

.

.

nin-nwe 1 want a key f this box kono kako no kagi ga in.

masa

.

.

.

.

two yen

.

.

.

shUa three

.

.

one sen mittsu de

.

in-sen

wha t is this used f ? kore wa nani ni tsUkau no desu ka ? these boots are too small f . me kono kutsu wa watakOshi ni wa chiisai didn't a package come f... me? uxitakAsM no lokoro ni nimotsU ga kimasen deshita ka? this is f . . . me kore wa waiakHshi no desu, I hadn't seen him f three months wj-toiAt bakariaimasen .

.

.

.

smear

with

.

.

not to get rustry sabi-nai yd ni abura wo nutte kure Forbid If... you to do this kore Wo sh'-!te wa ike-nai [dont

do

it

oil

f

.

.

.

it

this J f

.

.

.

.

.

chikara-zuku de; muri

. muri na koto ike-nai by the f of circumstances 3/amM wo e-nai boat de; lioka ni shiknta ga nakf/le I am f...d to do it muri ni saserareta Foreign seiyo no; gaikoku no (the first expression means " occidental ", the second "of another country": this last therefore includes Chinese and other non-Japanese Orientals), f . . .er teiyo-nn; teiyd no hito

f.

wa

ghite

.

.

.

.

Free

Form

(shajw)

katacM:

(style)

teisai

for

f

sake nen no tame ni a mere f... kU'i dake .'s

.

.

it is

no koto

.

to f tsuku .

.

desij.

an opinion kangae ga

.

Former sen no; moto no put it back in its f

place

.

.

.

.

moto no tokoro ni shimatte

.

.

oite

in i.

.

style seiyO-jvL de

.

dont

f...

wa

me

i to call at seven shichi-ji ni wasure-vai de okoxh'ite o kure .

.

.

to give my message don't f kotozuke wo wasurete wa ikemasen [don't forget the mes.

.

.

sage! I quite

forgot

sukkari

it

it

clwUo

for the

do-wasure

shimnsMta are you sure you have not forgotten anything.*^ o wasure-rnono wd arimasen ka? I forgot to tell him ana hito knrmsu no wo wasurerti maskita f...ful wasureppoi Forgive yitrum please f me yurushtte kuda-

me

.

.

for saying so but

skitsiirei desi'i

ga

—

you this time kondo wa yurushite a^gemasu See EXCUSE Fork hoku; niku-saski I'll

f...

f

.

.

.

.

.

Forward to f please .

.

(goods) okuru

.

f

.

address tegami

.

.

my

dozo

letters to this

watakOshi

na

wo kono- tokoro-gaki maunshde kudasai

Four i.

have forgotten

.

wa; moto wa

ly sen

.

.

yokatta fortune-teller uraruxi-slia .ly shiaivase ni

f

e

wasureinasMta

tai f...

.

.

.

sono hoka iro-iro Fortunate shiawase na that is very f... sore wa

il:emasen.

don't

f

and so

wasurete

it

.

kure

Forth

Foresee mi-losH Forest mori Forget wasure'ru

moment .

.

dear because I am a f watakushi ga seiyo-jin da kara sonna ni takaku kane »o torn no desho f country yoso no kuni t. clothes yojUku f. goods hakurai no mono f... writing seiyo no ji

I

ni

wo

are there many f ers in Moji? Moji ni seiyo-jin ga takHsan orimasH ka? you are charging me so .

f

do not use

do the work f you (in your place) watakushi wa anata no kavtari ni

f

f

.

by

Ame-

rika yuki no yubin

my

it

ni-yen de kaimashita paid eight yen f the five itfnUsu hachi-yen de kainia-

Force kiri

America

I will

shigoto

I

.

nai kara not f k&shi ga

it is

bought

I

two ^~ months ffita-tsHkino aida as f... my brothers watak&shi no kpodai tva f...

113

Foreign

.

yottsU; ski; yo;

.

yon

days yokka

persons yottari; yo-nin (Although you say san-nin for three persons, and go-

t.

.

.

nin,

etc.,

etc.,

you

shi-nin.

for five

persons,

must never say The word shi is

often avoided on account, tliey say, of the similarity of sound to shi, death) f... -cornered shi-kaku na -footed yotsu-ashi no f Fowl tori; niwa-tori Fox kitsune Frame (of a picture) gaku-buchi .

.

.

France Fnransn French FUransu no Frenchman FuransH-jin Free jivH- na; (no payment necessary) uida de

For f.

112 uri-mono

sale

.

.

Foreign

giving offence oa waruJcu omou to ike-

f...

fear

hi to

of

.

to say watakuchi wo dasA

wa nai

have come f... the clock titri ni khnaxhUa

tokei wo [to take

I

me

.

.

tokoro de

I

avay the

went f... he was out

clock]

doctor but

t)ie

wo

iaha

yobi ni

iUa ga rusv datUi

has be gone

my

watcli? tori ni ikimasIAta

wo

tokei

f

.

.

.

kaf I will send

f

.

.

.

it tori

rimasho you give exchange f...

me

will

to

sore

ya-

tii

that in kore

tliis?

tori-kaeU kuda-

to

saimasen kaf

want

f...

of

money kane

ga (ari-nai kara once f all mo kore . .

letters

.

f

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

wo shimasho

mother wrote .

me

letter

ttie

o kd-san ni tegami

wo

kaite morai/tnashUa

inconvenient f me sore wa watasJii ni fuben desU rice f 5 men meski gothat

is

.

.

.

.

.

.

nin-nwe 1 want a key f this box kono kako no kagi ga in.

masa

.

.

.

.

two yen

.

.

.

shUa three

.

.

one sen mittsu de

.

in-sen

wha t is this used f ? kore wa nani ni tsUkau no desu ka ? these boots are too small f . me kono kutsu wa watakOshi ni wa chiisai didn't a package come f... me? uxitakAsM no lokoro ni nimotsU ga kimasen deshita ka? this is f . . . me kore wa waiakHshi no desu, I hadn't seen him f three months wj-toiAt bakariaimasen .

.

.

.

smear

with

.

.

not to get rustry sabi-nai yd ni abura wo nutte kure Forbid If... you to do this kore Wo sh'-!te wa ike-nai [dont

do

it

oil

f

.

.

.

it

this J f

.

.

.

.

.

chikara-zuku de; muri

. muri na koto ike-nai by the f of circumstances 3/amM wo e-nai boat de; lioka ni shiknta ga nakf/le I am f...d to do it muri ni saserareta Foreign seiyo no; gaikoku no (the first expression means " occidental ", the second "of another country": this last therefore includes Chinese and other non-Japanese Orientals), f . . .er teiyo-nn; teiyd no hito

f.

wa

ghite

.

.

.

.

Free

Form

(shajw)

katacM:

(style)

teisai

for

f

sake nen no tame ni a mere f... kU'i dake .'s

.

.

it is

no koto

.

to f tsuku .

.

desij.

an opinion kangae ga

.

Former sen no; moto no put it back in its f

place

.

.

.

.

moto no tokoro ni shimatte

.

.

oite

in i.

.

style seiyO-jvL de

.

dont

f...

wa

me

i to call at seven shichi-ji ni wasure-vai de okoxh'ite o kure .

.

.

to give my message don't f kotozuke wo wasurete wa ikemasen [don't forget the mes.

.

.

sage! I quite

forgot

sukkari

it

it

clwUo

for the

do-wasure

shimnsMta are you sure you have not forgotten anything.*^ o wasure-rnono wd arimasen ka? I forgot to tell him ana hito knrmsu no wo wasurerti maskita f...ful wasureppoi Forgive yitrum please f me yurushtte kuda-

me

.

.

for saying so but

skitsiirei desi'i

ga

—

you this time kondo wa yurushite a^gemasu See EXCUSE Fork hoku; niku-saski I'll

f...

f

.

.

.

.

.

Forward to f please .

.

(goods) okuru

.

f

.

address tegami

.

.

my

dozo

letters to this

watakOshi

na

wo kono- tokoro-gaki maunshde kudasai

Four i.

have forgotten

.

wa; moto wa

ly sen

.

.

yokatta fortune-teller uraruxi-slia .ly shiaivase ni

f

e

wasureinasMta

tai f...

.

.

.

sono hoka iro-iro Fortunate shiawase na that is very f... sore wa

il:emasen.

don't

f

and so

wasurete

it

.

kure

Forth

Foresee mi-losH Forest mori Forget wasure'ru

moment .

.

dear because I am a f watakushi ga seiyo-jin da kara sonna ni takaku kane »o torn no desho f country yoso no kuni t. clothes yojUku f. goods hakurai no mono f... writing seiyo no ji

I

ni

wo

are there many f ers in Moji? Moji ni seiyo-jin ga takHsan orimasH ka? you are charging me so .

f

do not use

do the work f you (in your place) watakushi wa anata no kavtari ni

f

f

.

by

Ame-

rika yuki no yubin

my

it

ni-yen de kaimashita paid eight yen f the five itfnUsu hachi-yen de kainia-

Force kiri

America

I will

shigoto

I

.

nai kara not f k&shi ga

it is

bought

I

two ^~ months ffita-tsHkino aida as f... my brothers watak&shi no kpodai tva f...

113

Foreign

.

yottsU; ski; yo;

.

yon

days yokka

persons yottari; yo-nin (Although you say san-nin for three persons, and go-

t.

.

.

nin,

etc.,

etc.,

you

shi-nin.

for five

persons,

must never say The word shi is

often avoided on account, tliey say, of the similarity of sound to shi, death) f... -cornered shi-kaku na -footed yotsu-ashi no f Fowl tori; niwa-tori Fox kitsune Frame (of a picture) gaku-buchi .

.

.

France Fnransn French FUransu no Frenchman FuransH-jin Free jivH- na; (no payment necessary) uida de

114

Free

is it f. .? tada desU kaf f... and easy buenryo na of one's own f... will katte .

ni to be f .-. de aru

am

I

am

like

I

desit

to go or not itie ika-nnkute mo jiyii da f

.

.

.

mo

.

.

(not c(X)ked) namn: (just gatherL'im kara keep the child f... going near the fire kodomo ga hi no soba e ika-nui yo ni sh'Uc o kure Front otiiotv, in f of the house ie no mae ni Frost shimo v. Frown i. hachi no ji too yoseru [to make the figure eight A]; kowai kao wo suru; shikame-tsura wo suru Fniit kudamono; mizugashi Fry tUrai ni suru; agent f the fish in butter bata de sakana wo jiirui ni shUe o kure desil

.

.

.ed by the tire ? ga Luvxtkattu nu Uessii kaf

lUiji

f

.

.

.

fish

sakana

no fUrai;

ing-pan f&rai-nabe; nabe Fuel taki-mono to

iru

yotte

.

f...

book

age-

a promise gaJciXtoku

wo mamoru

is

f

.

of

.

.

things kono hon ni

my

funny

wa

oka-

arimam

account

in

f... kaite

komaka ni kanjo wo kudasai the cherry-trees are in f... blossom snkura no harm wa sakari de.':u domburi fill the bowl half f ni hambun bakari irete kuda.

.

.

sai of holes ana-dara-

f...

it is

ke desH f.

.

up

.

(of

a tram-car) man-

in

Fun

.

.

.

f

.

jodan desht'a judan ni .

.

iitnasMta

do not f.

.

to

like

be

made

is

of jodan wo sareru kirai desU f...ny kore wa oka-

f

.

.

no wa this shii

bow

.

.

.

.

.

Is

jiki

ny

!

back motto ushiro e only a little f...

okashii

I

Funeral o tomorai

mo

de.ii kat [what adviintage is tliere?) m order to g... time jikan wo habuku tatne ni .

.

.

.

.

.«

Game

jodan.

I did it in f I said it in

I

f

until

shii koto ga ippai

.

Fulfill

weie ynu

up) ippai; (to be

that bottle f...? ano bin wa ippai desH ka?

this

Gate

it

drunk)

.

tempura I.

duty gimu wo

one's

.

write

what 1 heard you have been ill anata wa go byoki da to kikiiiiuslula where are you f...? (what country.'') o k-uni wa doko

fried

.

.

(filled

is

f...

.

Full

no

I come t... the station trishaha kara kiniashitu f... the beginning hnjime kara f... morning to ifight asa kara

.

f

tsfikusi'i

Kyoto kono

desd

.

115

Fulfill

kara: yori

this obi obi wa

.

water

.

From

ban made

f... of duty mu-zei f ly /ijnt ni Freeze koru did it f... last night? yttbe wa kori ga harimashUa ka? [did the ice cover hist night?] Freight (goods). nu/ioteti; (cost of transportation) unchin Frequently labi-tabi Fresh (new, not i-tale) atara.

Frog kaeru

hima

leisure)

to do as

f...

kimama I

(at

.

Fulfill

asobi

a g... of

cards

(Japanese)

kariita-asobi

how

goes the g. do desH?

.?

.

shObu

wa

Garden niwa public-g... koen; koenchi er ueki-ya g Garlic ninniku .

.

.

Garrison chindai

Gas

gasi'i,

Fur ke-gawa

turn

Furious hidoku okotte iru to be f Furniture dogu Further I can go no f . . I am too

keski nasai is there any g. laid on (in house)? gasii. ga hiite tile

.

.

.

.

tired k-utabirete mo arukemasen how much f... is it? dono-

gurai arinuxsu ka? f particulars apply to No. 78 kuwashii koto wa skichi-jH-hachi-ban de o kiki naiai

for

.

.

.

the

off

g .

.

.

.

gasa

wo

.

arimasU ka? g. g.

.

.-liglit

gasHto

.-pipe gasHkan gasii de by g. Gate mo7i; iri-;Tuchi OMote-mon front g back g ura-mon .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

outdide the g de

.

.

.

mon no

$oto

116

Oate since

was

I

your pas=inp; toriniashita

wo

o l:ado

g... kara

(to oolloct, awonihle) alsume/ni; (iuif^r) sas>;/:li .

.

Qe

can you g... me somo chicken (now, soon)? tori ui« tottp, kite kudasainutsen ka? can you g. (order) one for me? tori-yosete kureinasen ka? where did youg... it from.' duko kura nwiaimashita ka? by what time can you g... it/ (tsS des/io ka! [when will .

be/!

it

.

_

.

kccf'i ;u nai Gentle 0!/ayaJi:a na; otnnashii a person of g. . birth umare no yoi hUo

do we s. to Tokyo* Tokyo e itsu IsiikitnasU ka? do we g... there Ijy day

of M de wa; sono kawari ni I have had no h... in this waiakushi wa nan no kankei

to

.

.

.

.

omou

in fan omoshiro-ltambun go halves iMmbun-zwUH ni iuru h asleep uto-tUo to be shite iru h... moon hangetsu .

.

kazui:u

.

.

.

.

»cAt-

jikan han ti. past three san-ji han I've h a mind to go iko ka to

te

.

empty -h. .ed kara-te de open-h. .ed omaka na by h te de to be close at h . (lit.) tejika ni am; (of time) chi-

miau ga

hambun .

.

.

-day hantiichi

.

.

hidari no

.

.

hangaku; han-ne

aud humbun

the

.

.

.

hill

.

.

.

.

(coHiproniise) ori-au .-ye^r Imn-toshi

h. h.

h

left

both h. .6 ryo-te a good h (skilful) joeu a bad h heta .

hambun

enough

is

.

Hanf

.

no nakahodo ni to meet anotlier h

to

the head) kami; kami no ke h -dresser (man who cuts the hair) tako-ya; (woman who does up the hair) kami-ii san (as of to do up the h (of

(European)

-pin

takHsan

.

furu

.

.

.

.

.

Hair ke;

omou Quest o kyaku tama

.

.

sum Guess (divine) ate'ru;

.

shi-narete iitiasu

hosho-nin ni natte kudasaimasen ka? Guard (of a train; shashS yojin to be on one's g . .

in

im

he is not in the h of walldng fast ano hito wa luiyaku aruki-narete imasen Haggle neffiru Hail (small) arare; (large) hyo h... -stone arare no tsubu; hyo no tsubu arare ga furu; hyo ga to h

.

.

.

.

.

.

h h

h

.

the h tmUakushi wa

.

Guarantee (person) hosho-nin; (money) hosho-kin hosho sum to g will you please be my g ?

.

.

.

.

.

(under

dobu;

eaves) toyu

tl)e

.

.

h

.

Habit shUkan bad h wartii kfise to be in the h narete

isii;

.

.

(ditcli)

.

(increase in

loaded? teppo ni

g...

.

kanzaski Half handmn

h h

tama, ga komete arimasu ka* to fire a g teppo wo utsa

.

.

.

-powder kayaku

tlie

is

Ground (surface of the earth) jimen; (reason) wake on what g...s? do iu wake

.

.

don

.

Grow

!...

cut

in

h

.

.

.

fiUatsii

ni

sum HaH

(large room) hiroi heya; (entrance to Japanese house) geaka (entrance in generfti) ;

rri-gneki

mo arirnasen lend us a h

Hatwe

V.

t.

futatsii

ni

sum

k*nazucki kanazuthi de utsu to h Hand te; (ef a tiMe-pie«e) h»ri light h... mi^ no te .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

sUkoshi

.

te

wo

ka shite kudasai to live from h to mouth sotw hi gwrashi wo sum please- h (pass) H»e that .

.

.

h

.

.

.

book sono kudasai

hon

wo

totte

these sweets round miiia-san ni o kashi tvo agete .

.

.

kudasai li over (deliver) todokeru: watasu h it over to him, axo hito ni wataskite kuda.

.

.

please

.

.

sai clap to

.

the

h...s

le

wo

Uitaku

h h

.

.

.

s of f

!

sat»aru

na

ful hUo-tsukami Handkerchief hankechi; .

.

.

wrapiiing

tilings

in)

(for Inro-

shiki

moUM

Handle e;

Ham hamU Hammer

.

on the one h. ip-p6 de wa on the otlier h U>M de wa; sono kawari ni I have had no h... in this waiakushi wa nan no kankei

to

.

.

.

.

omou

in fan omoshiro-ltambun go halves iMmbun-zwUH ni iuru h asleep uto-tUo to be shite iru h... moon hangetsu .

.

kazui:u

.

.

.

.

»cAt-

jikan han ti. past three san-ji han I've h a mind to go iko ka to

te

.

empty -h. .ed kara-te de open-h. .ed omaka na by h te de to be close at h . (lit.) tejika ni am; (of time) chi-

miau ga

hambun .

.

.

-day hantiichi

.

.

hidari no

.

.

hangaku; han-ne

aud humbun

the

.

.

.

hill

.

.

.

.

(coHiproniise) ori-au .-ye^r Imn-toshi

h. h.

h

left

both h. .6 ryo-te a good h (skilful) joeu a bad h heta .

hambun

enough

is

.

Hanf

.

no nakahodo ni to meet anotlier h

to

the head) kami; kami no ke h -dresser (man who cuts the hair) tako-ya; (woman who does up the hair) kami-ii san (as of to do up the h (of

(European)

-pin

takHsan

.

furu

.

.

.

.

.

Hair ke;

omou Quest o kyaku tama

.

.

sum Guess (divine) ate'ru;

.

shi-narete iitiasu

hosho-nin ni natte kudasaimasen ka? Guard (of a train; shashS yojin to be on one's g . .

in

im

he is not in the h of walldng fast ano hito wa luiyaku aruki-narete imasen Haggle neffiru Hail (small) arare; (large) hyo h... -stone arare no tsubu; hyo no tsubu arare ga furu; hyo ga to h

.

.

.

.

.

.

h h

h

.

the h tmUakushi wa

.

Guarantee (person) hosho-nin; (money) hosho-kin hosho sum to g will you please be my g ?

.

.

.

.

.

(under

dobu;

eaves) toyu

tl)e

.

.

h

.

Habit shUkan bad h wartii kfise to be in the h narete

isii;

.

.

(ditcli)

.

(increase in

loaded? teppo ni

g...

.

kanzaski Half handmn

h h

tama, ga komete arimasu ka* to fire a g teppo wo utsa

.

.

.

-powder kayaku

tlie

is

Ground (surface of the earth) jimen; (reason) wake on what g...s? do iu wake

.

.

don

.

Grow

vo tsftfxru; (2nd pers.) daiji ni sunt careless of h fuyojo na (1st

.

.

(when drinking)

your

h... go kenkS

.

wo shiku skiimui

(of persons) }db» no; (of food) kusuri ni nam; (of places) karada ni ii

how do you do? 1

am

very

ikaga desif

well

thank yo«

arigaio, jobu desii

I

am not very well jobu de arimtuen

o»w»ri

de

sora

de

iru

shitte.

chikara «>o otosH to lose h . chikara wo e'ru to take h h. .less funinjd na Heat atsitsa: (febril h .) ncLia I suffer very iimch from the h atsusa ni va tai/ien .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

kmnarimasii

Heavy kao-iro

wo

hikimitsliUa

have a lieadache atama

I

ga

itai

is only a sliaht indisposition rhotto shitu byoki desu take care of yourself o daiji

ni nasai kiku did you h.

Hear

. .? kikimashitn ka? it/ kikonriam ka? •can you h that he was ill ano I h...d hiio va bydki da id dexii

bave you

li...u li

ah...

full of

is

Holy kiyoi

Hobby olinlw;idoraku please

.

arimnxfi

(other thinss) utsU (trans.) li aaainst to biiUuke ru; (intr.) buUuknru h my liead against I the tree ntanm wo ki ni .

.

.

tiicre is

ke to

.

road orai ko-yama; yama; oka; (on

to an opinion ato e Idka-nai [not to go back]

Hole ana

Hire (of a servant.) yatou; (of a house) kariru His ano h'tto no Se? HE History rekishi natural h... hnktthvUfu gaku Hit (men or animals) butsu;

how

.

. .

it

cliotto

tower is 100 feet h... to no Uikasa wa hyaku-sMku desu [the licight of tbe tower is 100 foet| time we went mo it is h

h on (continue) tsuzuktt h ... on to a sticli bo ni

Hinge chiJUugei

.

ka?

h'torl dr: de;

.

.

to to

to h

.self jibun .self (a!ono)

(without hc:p) jibun hitori de See SELF

Hold

desii

(ace.)

siinaru

ga ainnri tnkai whicli is the li...est point.' otehi ga ichi-ban takai no

h h

.

.

hlto ni;

butgiikewanli'ita Hitherto inia made

otherwise the translations of HIS and HIM (q.v.) are

.

h

it

ano

wo

of height and price) takai ah... tree takai ki the price Ls too h... nedan

h

.

do

kakureru High (both

wo. These expressions may be used wlien it is desired to lay stress on the se.x;

.

.

tlie

.forth kore kara

that

.

guzu-guzu sh'ttciru kima tea nai h to ask it but osoreirunasu ga Hiccup ahakkuri Hide (trans.) kukusH: (intr.)

.

iim

(poss.)

gukctsfi

I

da

being astonished odoroku no huka un nai UikUke uo to call for h yobu Hemorrhage dd ga deta [blood li.

Hero

(dat.) T?io h''to

Sre HE li.

Honour

129

by h

walked h... aruite kimaslida

.

.

.

.

.

Him Him

koko ira

.

.

.

kcsn kimashita I

h. me move tliis table kono teburu no vi/okasU kara tetsi'idittle kurc \tdeI won't so if 1 ran h . kiru-dike il:a-nni t>u li

ah...

full of

is

Holy kiyoi

Hobby olinlw;idoraku please

.

arimnxfi

(other thinss) utsU (trans.) li aaainst to biiUuke ru; (intr.) buUuknru h my liead against I the tree ntanm wo ki ni .

.

.

tiicre is

ke to

.

road orai ko-yama; yama; oka; (on

to an opinion ato e Idka-nai [not to go back]

Hole ana

Hire (of a servant.) yatou; (of a house) kariru His ano h'tto no Se? HE History rekishi natural h... hnktthvUfu gaku Hit (men or animals) butsu;

how

.

. .

it

cliotto

tower is 100 feet h... to no Uikasa wa hyaku-sMku desu [the licight of tbe tower is 100 foet| time we went mo it is h

h on (continue) tsuzuktt h ... on to a sticli bo ni

Hinge chiJUugei

.

ka?

h'torl dr: de;

.

.

to to

to h

.self jibun .self (a!ono)

(without hc:p) jibun hitori de See SELF

Hold

desii

(ace.)

siinaru

ga ainnri tnkai whicli is the li...est point.' otehi ga ichi-ban takai no

h h

.

.

hlto ni;

butgiikewanli'ita Hitherto inia made

otherwise the translations of HIS and HIM (q.v.) are

.

h

it

ano

wo

of height and price) takai ah... tree takai ki the price Ls too h... nedan

h

.

do

kakureru High (both

wo. These expressions may be used wlien it is desired to lay stress on the se.x;

.

.

tlie

.forth kore kara

that

.

guzu-guzu sh'ttciru kima tea nai h to ask it but osoreirunasu ga Hiccup ahakkuri Hide (trans.) kukusH: (intr.)

.

iim

(poss.)

gukctsfi

I

da

being astonished odoroku no huka un nai UikUke uo to call for h yobu Hemorrhage dd ga deta [blood li.

Hero

(dat.) T?io h''to

Sre HE li.

Honour

129

by h

walked h... aruite kimaslida

.

.

.

.

.

Him Him

koko ira

.

.

.

kcsn kimashita I

h. me move tliis table kono teburu no vi/okasU kara tetsi'idittle kurc \tdeI won't so if 1 ran h . kiru-dike il:a-nni tin duke ikura III! Khokuii tvo sureba betsii ni h(iroii)i>i::a I bring provisions with me. I shall only require ecg3 de.''!';

and

yisli

wa

t/ihe-motio

hipi

imasii

snkana

ntolte to

ta-

mago duke moraimashij I'lense bring nie some hot water o yu wo motte kite o kure

where is the lavatory (for washing one's self) kesho-beya

wn doko sh'ite

ka? the

desu,

me

plc.Tse sliow

way an7iai

o kure

the lights akari wo tsvkete kure please bring a candle rosoku wo motte kite o kure See FOOD, UATU, bed, acplense

liglit

a you are very i namake-mono da

to

class)

.

a good

.

go shujin; anata your h no Uisku flower class) .

.

.

.

.

my

.

-chest kori-bako 1 Idea kangae

have you an

are in tai-

h. .s iXai hands h... U ga iiamimaqii; te ga itai one's self iUiku sum to h. youTf,e\Vf do/co ka did you h. itaku shinmsen de^hita ka? my leg ashi wo I liave h itaku sliimasUUa it

.

.

.

.

.

.

!

1

Ice kori kori wo ireta i... -water tnizu -cold kori no vo ni Uui

H

136

It

or adjective (see p. 13, 20);

I wafaktlshi desu (never] kessh'Ue

not 1

kariudo

.er

If

take care reba'

hi too tnuke-nake-

towashue shihiou

be late if you don't hurry isoga^nakereba osoku narimasfi you'll get wet if you don't you'll

take an

umbrella

kasa

too

motte ika-nakereba nuremasO, there's none in the shop

if

what sliall I do rnise ni nakereba do shimasho he does not come ano hUo ga ko-nakereba he is not otherwise engaged if hoka ni yoji ga nakereba

if

COND. PAST NEG. why if you did not like it did you buy it.^ o ki ni irai-utkctiara naze kaimashitakai COND. OF ADJ. costs too dear don't buy katte ainari takakcreba kite wa ilcemasen fine to-moiTow I it is if shall go to Tokyo myonichi tenki ga yokereba Tokyo it

if

it

e

ikimasu you were

comfortable there why did you return Isugo ga home.? soko de yokattara naze kaette kimashita ka?

if

if

it

is

not

cheap

yamku

nakereba if it was not good why, did you eat it.' yoku nakaUara

naze tabeniashita

ka'!

WITH Moshi anything done if you want pray let me know at any COND.

time moahi go yo ga areba mo itle- kudasai you do if it were to rain.' moshi ame ga futtara do shimasil ketf mr'shi if that should happen sonna koto ga attara itsu de

what would

Import

136

If

you dont need

if

it

moshi

ira-nakerena

COND. WITH Nara if you should need lend

arn

it I will to yoii moshi v iriyo

it

agemusho do if he is out nisu nara do shimasho I would not if I were you do it watak-ushi nara so iva skimuscn it you go I shall go also anata flit iku nara uatas/d mo iho if he is hiisy iHomshii nam if that he so so naraba if you wi^h to co ikitai narn tuira kaslnl". •what shall 1

please asU

yu

fia

hathisrea'Jy waiUt ka kiite mite if tlie

kvdasai

a geisha called Tora

if

I

re-

member Torn to ka iu geisha who cares even if it is dangerous ? abujMkute mo kamau mono ka >

T

heard a sound as if something had broken nani ka kbuvrcta yo nooto ga shimash'da

If

not de nakereba

you had better write if not he will not come tcijami wo kaku

ho ga a de nakereba ko-nai Ignorant inwjuku na

and

inc-xi»erienced person wlio atlects knowkUge tuimaiki na hiio

i...

IU are I

you

am

i

i. .

.

.

.

.? hyoki des& ka? watakunhi wa byd-

ki desu i

.

.

ihite

e

Image

kuri desu kanfjae'ru

do kangaeie

mo

i... imkcira->iai

1

think so naze sonna koto wo omou no can't

!

.

.

why you

.

desho i.

real ivory or

\.

.

.'!

honio

.

deki-nai

.

koto

.

(to take

oti) no/timnr no suru inimcdiateiy sjtgu ni it can't be done i... ni wa dcki-nai

sugu

will return

lie

drsh'i

prob.-.ble

Improve

kairyo

I

not

to

liel

suru;

yoku

nam wa

dcsCi

kn>

somebody

that

i...

returri

that

is

i. .ment sore yoku nurimashila

a great

t/iihen

DATE

•

in town machi de in the country inaka de what is in it/ sono naka ni nani ga haittc intui-Ci k:r? say it in English please Eiffo

in in in in

de

kvdasui

itte

am

morning

tlic

the daytime hiru.mi the alternoon o him kara my opinion wutakUshi ru> kangae de tea iu short miiikaku icba in spite of that sore da no ni in tliat case sonnara in fact honlo ivu; honto ni in half an hour han-jikan tatte

.

In de; ni; urhi ni in .Japan Nippon, de in the house uchi ni (here uchi means "house") in doors uehi »'o naka ni it is in

the ship is not in yet fune ga niada tsukimnsen in 1917 Taisho roku-nen ni; see

kaera-nai

no zogc desu ka' axn no to imitate

deki-nai koto

.

Improbable it is

I... leather OTar/«!-'Wwa (couutcrieit) n-oiicy nisci. . . r.iine: nisi'-kin is it

.

is i... to prevent it do suru koto mn deki-nai for me to absolutely i. go da shit'' mo ikaremascn Impostor kaUiri Impression (mark) ato to be under ttie i... ki ga

gold kin-ma gar

.

.

sum

after) .

i

i...

it is

md'

.!

.

imitation magai (usually placed i.

not

wa nai that is desu it

sum;

siJzo

cau't

1

just

Impossible tliat is

shozo

he is the i... of his father ano hito wa o tosan ni sokImagine

Include

Important daiji na

no

the box hako no naka

vain

iii

vnt^a

ni;

dame ni

to go in hairu to put ii! ireru come in o huiri 7uisai; o agari nnsai Incense ko

stieU of

i.

.

.

scfiko

after (future) kara sugu ni; (past) kara ma mo naku it is wanted i... o-isogi desu

ni aritnasii in two or three days ni-sanuichi no uchi ni

Inch (Japanese) sun; see p. 31

great hurry it is] Impatient to be i... (habitually) ki ga mijikai; (now) seilc i'ru to become i tanki wo dasu to wait i...ly machi-kaneU

in (after) two weeks time I shall go to Kobe yn-shiikan tatte Kobe ni ikimasO, 1 was just in time yatto ma

against oTie's i. im da ga falthoMgh disagreeable]

i.

.

.

[a

.

.

.

iru Imperfect

lu-kmizeri 7ia; lu-jO,-

na Impertinent shitsurei na; burei i/uu

karada ga warui IU- treat v.t. hidoku suru Illegal ho ni luizureta lllcgftiniate (of a child) shisoiji; (rea^nised by father but not legitimised) shoshi 1 feel

Illustration (picture) e coloured i. . . iro-dori

Important

na dont be

i

.

.

.

ni aimashiia was not in

.

.

.

shiisurei

woiuna

V. t. yunyu suru ed goods yunyH-hin

wa

ma

ni

Mr. Tanabe in? TaruibeSan

wa orimasa he he

is

desu

ka?

orimasd not in orimasen; rusu

is in

i.

.

.

.

Incline (intr.) kutr.,HUku

he

is

hitit

time

ainuisen deshita to be in uchi ni oru not to be in nisu de am; oi the neg. of om is

i

Impolite zoHzai na; shitsurei

Import

I

dun-dan

.es lnclin::tion l.atamuki l.y

am

I

i...d to drink ano sake wo tiomu i...d to tliink so do-

wa

irw sOrashii

am

1

i...d

to

think

that

he will come ano hito ga kuni yo na ki ga shimasu I feel much i. .d to stay two days more mo jutsuka itai Include ireru i. ing myself watakiiski ko .

.

irete

Import

136

If

you dont need

if

it

moshi

ira-nakerena

COND. WITH Nara if you should need lend

arn

it I will to yoii moshi v iriyo

it

agemusho do if he is out nisu nara do shimasho I would not if I were you do it watak-ushi nara so iva skimuscn it you go I shall go also anata flit iku nara uatas/d mo iho if he is hiisy iHomshii nam if that he so so naraba if you wi^h to co ikitai narn tuira kaslnl". •what shall 1

please asU

yu

fia

hathisrea'Jy waiUt ka kiite mite if tlie

kvdasai

a geisha called Tora

if

I

re-

member Torn to ka iu geisha who cares even if it is dangerous ? abujMkute mo kamau mono ka >

T

heard a sound as if something had broken nani ka kbuvrcta yo nooto ga shimash'da

If

not de nakereba

you had better write if not he will not come tcijami wo kaku

ho ga a de nakereba ko-nai Ignorant inwjuku na

and

inc-xi»erienced person wlio atlects knowkUge tuimaiki na hiio

i...

IU are I

you

am

i

i. .

.

.

.

.? hyoki des& ka? watakunhi wa byd-

ki desu i

.

.

ihite

e

Image

kuri desu kanfjae'ru

do kangaeie

mo

i... imkcira->iai

1

think so naze sonna koto wo omou no can't

!

.

.

why you

.

desho i.

real ivory or

\.

.

.'!

honio

.

deki-nai

.

koto

.

(to take

oti) no/timnr no suru inimcdiateiy sjtgu ni it can't be done i... ni wa dcki-nai

sugu

will return

lie

drsh'i

prob.-.ble

Improve

kairyo

I

not

to

liel

suru;

yoku

nam wa

dcsCi

kn>

somebody

that

i...

returri

that

is

i. .ment sore yoku nurimashila

a great

t/iihen

DATE

•

in town machi de in the country inaka de what is in it/ sono naka ni nani ga haittc intui-Ci k:r? say it in English please Eiffo

in in in in

de

kvdasui

itte

am

morning

tlic

the daytime hiru.mi the alternoon o him kara my opinion wutakUshi ru> kangae de tea iu short miiikaku icba in spite of that sore da no ni in tliat case sonnara in fact honlo ivu; honto ni in half an hour han-jikan tatte

.

In de; ni; urhi ni in .Japan Nippon, de in the house uchi ni (here uchi means "house") in doors uehi »'o naka ni it is in

the ship is not in yet fune ga niada tsukimnsen in 1917 Taisho roku-nen ni; see

kaera-nai

no zogc desu ka' axn no to imitate

deki-nai koto

.

Improbable it is

I... leather OTar/«!-'Wwa (couutcrieit) n-oiicy nisci. . . r.iine: nisi'-kin is it

.

is i... to prevent it do suru koto mn deki-nai for me to absolutely i. go da shit'' mo ikaremascn Impostor kaUiri Impression (mark) ato to be under ttie i... ki ga

gold kin-ma gar

.

.

sum

after) .

i

i...

it is

md'

.!

.

imitation magai (usually placed i.

not

wa nai that is desu it

sum;

siJzo

cau't

1

just

Impossible tliat is

shozo

he is the i... of his father ano hito wa o tosan ni sokImagine

Include

Important daiji na

no

the box hako no naka

vain

iii

vnt^a

ni;

dame ni

to go in hairu to put ii! ireru come in o huiri 7uisai; o agari nnsai Incense ko

stieU of

i.

.

.

scfiko

after (future) kara sugu ni; (past) kara ma mo naku it is wanted i... o-isogi desu

ni aritnasii in two or three days ni-sanuichi no uchi ni

Inch (Japanese) sun; see p. 31

great hurry it is] Impatient to be i... (habitually) ki ga mijikai; (now) seilc i'ru to become i tanki wo dasu to wait i...ly machi-kaneU

in (after) two weeks time I shall go to Kobe yn-shiikan tatte Kobe ni ikimasO, 1 was just in time yatto ma

against oTie's i. im da ga falthoMgh disagreeable]

i.

.

.

[a

.

.

.

iru Imperfect

lu-kmizeri 7ia; lu-jO,-

na Impertinent shitsurei na; burei i/uu

karada ga warui IU- treat v.t. hidoku suru Illegal ho ni luizureta lllcgftiniate (of a child) shisoiji; (rea^nised by father but not legitimised) shoshi 1 feel

Illustration (picture) e coloured i. . . iro-dori

Important

na dont be

i

.

.

.

ni aimashiia was not in

.

.

.

shiisurei

woiuna

V. t. yunyu suru ed goods yunyH-hin

wa

ma

ni

Mr. Tanabe in? TaruibeSan

wa orimasa he he

is

desu

ka?

orimasd not in orimasen; rusu

is in

i.

.

.

.

Incline (intr.) kutr.,HUku

he

is

hitit

time

ainuisen deshita to be in uchi ni oru not to be in nisu de am; oi the neg. of om is

i

Impolite zoHzai na; shitsurei

Import

I

dun-dan

.es lnclin::tion l.atamuki l.y

am

I

i...d to drink ano sake wo tiomu i...d to tliink so do-

wa

irw sOrashii

am

1

i...d

to

think

that

he will come ano hito ga kuni yo na ki ga shimasu I feel much i. .d to stay two days more mo jutsuka itai Include ireru i. ing myself watakiiski ko .

.

irete

138

Include

everything i...d nan de ino

Ink

India-rubber gomu; (for erasing

marks) keshi-gomu

irete

I suppose this (charge) i...s everything kore ni minna haitte iru no desho

Income sainyu; shotoku Inconvenience v. t. jama wo sum; (to be in the way) jajna de am, does this

jama i

.

.

without i

.

.

.

.

you kore

.

via

sashi-tsHkae-naku

.

can

do

it

without

sashi-tsukae ga nakereba

Inconvenient

no

,

d komtmi

.

i.

you

.

kal

desiX

to be if

i

na; benri

fuben

guai no warui

loarui;

Incorrect machigaOa entirely i . sukkari .

.

ma-

chigatta

you

pronounce i...ly hatsuon ga machigatte imasA Increase (trans.) (in quantity) luyasH: (in size) okiku sum; (in price) takaku suru to i... (intr.) (in quantity) lue'ru; (in size) okiku naru; (in price) takaku Incurable naora-nai

iMdeed

nam-

?umto ni 1. J so desa ka? . domo o I am very sorry 1 kinodoku sama desu ne (in fact)

.

.

.

Indemnity tsuffunoi-kin Independent dokuritsii no; (not subject

mama to be

from one's

i

to influence) toaga-

.

.

i

.

I

.

.

I

class]

the goods are i...

jUMUa shUe

t°ru

.

.

.

sam-

(personal)

through your kind i... o kage sama de Infonn shiraseru the XKilice junsa I shall i ni shira^emasH I ought to have been i. .ed oiit so itte kurereha ii no ni where can I get i...ation about that? doko e ikeba sore ga wakaru deshot [if go where about that I tiling will they know] .

.

.

Inhabitant

how many in

i...s

are

town? kono

this

wa dono-gurai ni imasii ka? Initial

self)

to

wa mihon

there

maehi ga

hito

(cruel) mugoi (letter) namae no shira-ji Injure v. t. (person) kega

ka-

sMVru

wo

; (things) ilams'ru i ... d (persons) kega \oo turu ; (things) itamu Ink CE^iropean) inlei; (Japan-

to be

ese,

i.

e.

Indja-ink) sumi

tuzuri-

.

mi'ru; tazune'ru better i kiite

^'^^2«

.

.

.

U

i...

will

about

it

kiite

mimash/i have i...d every~where in the neighbourhood kono kin-

jo wa minna tazunemash'ita please i. . for me (on my behalf) kiUe mite kudasai he i...d for (about) you amo hUo wa anata no koto .

wo

kiite

immshUa

does Mr. Tanaka live

here.'

Tanaka San wa kochira desi kaf

do you know his address.* bandd wo go zonji desu ka? do you know a gentleman of

the

name

of

Smith.'

Smith Santo iu hUo wo go zonji desu. ka*

Tanaka at home.' Mr. Taruika tan wa o uchi desi ka?

is

please

Instead

tell

him

I

have called

umtakushi ga nuiirimashUa to kudasai when can I see him.' tteti o rue ni kmkaremasho ka? I will call again thi« afteritte

to inquire about see WAT Insect muahi

ni

agett

i...

-powder nomii/oke

[flea

preventative]

naka i out ura-gaeshi to put i naka ni ire'm a person's 1... onaka are you going !.../ naka ni .

.

.

.

.

.

hairimasd ka? Insist I i, .

. on it dS thUe nakereba ikemasen

must

I

at

i.

.

o'clodc

7

shiehi-ji

mo sM-

on your arriving

.

do

sMte

m»

made ni ko-nakerdkt

ikemasen Insolent zuzHshii Inspect kensa turu i ... or kensa-nin instaOment (part pa7ment> wari-barai Instance for i. tatoeiM Instant kata-toki nvabataki suru ma in an i . [while you ni shut and open the eyes] on the 12th inst. hongetsU no jH-ni-nichi ni Instead kauxiri ni .

.

.

.

of me watakHski no kawari ni kawari ni kore take this i mochi nasai wo i

.

i

.

i

.

.

.

.

noon mata gogo ni kimnsU a note for Mr. Tanaka Tanaka San ni chotto

.

.

my

direcof following tions he did something else waiakHshi no ii-tsOketa koto too shi-nai de hoka no koto tto .

.

skimashila

ikimashd

please give this to Mr. Tanaka as soon as he returns o kaeri ni nailara sugu kore

the way;

Inside

I will leave kaite

Tanaka San

too

kudasai

miru ho ga

.

.

(Japanese)

-stand inki-dre

Inlaid zogan with silver gin zogan i. Inn yado-ya; see hotel Innocent tsumi no nai; (simple) mujaki na

.

ple shinamcno yori wami Influence eikyo; kuiika

.

you had

Infectious utsuru i. disease utsuru byoki Inferior i quality kato [lowest .

.

Inquire

.

Inhuman

.

.

ga nai person shiroto .

.

.

e-nai

too

Inexperienced keiken no nai he is i . ano hUo wa keiken

(not needing Help anybody to support .

yamu

Inevitable

l...-box bako 1

.

na .

gentleman of 1 means nam mo ahvte i-^nai hUo; mu-iftoku India Indo I. .n (person) Indo-jin l...-ink «umi .

band gomu-wa Indigo (colour) kon Indorse see endorsb i.

139

Ink

of doing his work he sleeps all day thitotowo tkir .

.

Ttai

de ichi-mehi

mte imatH

138

Include

everything i...d nan de ino

Ink

India-rubber gomu; (for erasing

marks) keshi-gomu

irete

I suppose this (charge) i...s everything kore ni minna haitte iru no desho

Income sainyu; shotoku Inconvenience v. t. jama wo sum; (to be in the way) jajna de am, does this

jama i

.

.

without i

.

.

.

.

you kore

.

via

sashi-tsHkae-naku

.

can

do

it

without

sashi-tsukae ga nakereba

Inconvenient

no

,

d komtmi

.

i.

you

.

kal

desiX

to be if

i

na; benri

fuben

guai no warui

loarui;

Incorrect machigaOa entirely i . sukkari .

.

ma-

chigatta

you

pronounce i...ly hatsuon ga machigatte imasA Increase (trans.) (in quantity) luyasH: (in size) okiku sum; (in price) takaku suru to i... (intr.) (in quantity) lue'ru; (in size) okiku naru; (in price) takaku Incurable naora-nai

iMdeed

nam-

?umto ni 1. J so desa ka? . domo o I am very sorry 1 kinodoku sama desu ne (in fact)

.

.

.

Indemnity tsuffunoi-kin Independent dokuritsii no; (not subject

mama to be

from one's

i

to influence) toaga-

.

.

i

.

I

.

.

I

class]

the goods are i...

jUMUa shUe

t°ru

.

.

.

sam-

(personal)

through your kind i... o kage sama de Infonn shiraseru the XKilice junsa I shall i ni shira^emasH I ought to have been i. .ed oiit so itte kurereha ii no ni where can I get i...ation about that? doko e ikeba sore ga wakaru deshot [if go where about that I tiling will they know] .

.

.

Inhabitant

how many in

i...s

are

town? kono

this

wa dono-gurai ni imasii ka? Initial

self)

to

wa mihon

there

maehi ga

hito

(cruel) mugoi (letter) namae no shira-ji Injure v. t. (person) kega

ka-

sMVru

wo

; (things) ilams'ru i ... d (persons) kega \oo turu ; (things) itamu Ink CE^iropean) inlei; (Japan-

to be

ese,

i.

e.

Indja-ink) sumi

tuzuri-

.

mi'ru; tazune'ru better i kiite

^'^^2«

.

.

.

U

i...

will

about

it

kiite

mimash/i have i...d every~where in the neighbourhood kono kin-

jo wa minna tazunemash'ita please i. . for me (on my behalf) kiUe mite kudasai he i...d for (about) you amo hUo wa anata no koto .

wo

kiite

immshUa

does Mr. Tanaka live

here.'

Tanaka San wa kochira desi kaf

do you know his address.* bandd wo go zonji desu ka? do you know a gentleman of

the

name

of

Smith.'

Smith Santo iu hUo wo go zonji desu. ka*

Tanaka at home.' Mr. Taruika tan wa o uchi desi ka?

is

please

Instead

tell

him

I

have called

umtakushi ga nuiirimashUa to kudasai when can I see him.' tteti o rue ni kmkaremasho ka? I will call again thi« afteritte

to inquire about see WAT Insect muahi

ni

agett

i...

-powder nomii/oke

[flea

preventative]

naka i out ura-gaeshi to put i naka ni ire'm a person's 1... onaka are you going !.../ naka ni .

.

.

.

.

.

hairimasd ka? Insist I i, .

. on it dS thUe nakereba ikemasen

must

I

at

i.

.

o'clodc

7

shiehi-ji

mo sM-

on your arriving

.

do

sMte

m»

made ni ko-nakerdkt

ikemasen Insolent zuzHshii Inspect kensa turu i ... or kensa-nin instaOment (part pa7ment> wari-barai Instance for i. tatoeiM Instant kata-toki nvabataki suru ma in an i . [while you ni shut and open the eyes] on the 12th inst. hongetsU no jH-ni-nichi ni Instead kauxiri ni .

.

.

.

of me watakHski no kawari ni kawari ni kore take this i mochi nasai wo i

.

i

.

i

.

.

.

.

noon mata gogo ni kimnsU a note for Mr. Tanaka Tanaka San ni chotto

.

.

my

direcof following tions he did something else waiakHshi no ii-tsOketa koto too shi-nai de hoka no koto tto .

.

skimashila

ikimashd

please give this to Mr. Tanaka as soon as he returns o kaeri ni nailara sugu kore

the way;

Inside

I will leave kaite

Tanaka San

too

kudasai

miru ho ga

.

.

(Japanese)

-stand inki-dre

Inlaid zogan with silver gin zogan i. Inn yado-ya; see hotel Innocent tsumi no nai; (simple) mujaki na

.

ple shinamcno yori wami Influence eikyo; kuiika

.

you had

Infectious utsuru i. disease utsuru byoki Inferior i quality kato [lowest .

.

Inquire

.

Inhuman

.

.

ga nai person shiroto .

.

.

e-nai

too

Inexperienced keiken no nai he is i . ano hUo wa keiken

(not needing Help anybody to support .

yamu

Inevitable

l...-box bako 1

.

na .

gentleman of 1 means nam mo ahvte i-^nai hUo; mu-iftoku India Indo I. .n (person) Indo-jin l...-ink «umi .

band gomu-wa Indigo (colour) kon Indorse see endorsb i.

139

Ink

of doing his work he sleeps all day thitotowo tkir .

.

Ttai

de ichi-mehi

mte imatH

140

Instead

of going to Yokohama to Tokyo Yoko-

J...

went

he

hama e

e ikanai de ikinmshUa

Tokyo

of Kamakura KamaIcura yori Hakone e iku hu ga a dcaho Instinct tensei Instruct (educate) kyoiku sum; (order) oshie'ru; (teacli) i...

Instrument dogu; kikai Insufficient

(of

quantity)

mii; sukurtai ni/shikkei V. t. Insult koto wo iu

tari-

na

Insurance hofren fire i... kasai-hoken i

i

.

.

.

i

.

.

.

i

.

.

seiinei-hoken

premium Iwken-ryo policy hoken-sluJken

Intelligent (clever) riko rut

what do you

sum i

.

i.

.

to onion to do? do

.

tsumori d£su kat .

to-morrow

go

to

.

ashUa, iku tsumori da; ashlta iko .p) onwimasu to buy a sash obi 1 (he) i.

uo kau,tsunwri da to buy a do not i. eash obi uo kauHi-nai tsumori not to buy] da [1 i does she i . to buy a sash ? obi wo kau tsumori desko ka f BO you i . (it seems) to t>«y a sash ohi wo kau o tsumori da so desu ne 1 hear you don't i ... to buy a I (he)

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

wo kawa-nai o

sasli obi

tsu-

mori da so dcsu ne to buy a sasli ? J wo kau o tsumori desH kaf

do you «bi

doing

.

so

i

mru

so

.

.

.

of

tsumori

wa

sukoshi mo arimasen have the i... of going to Tokyo to-moriow ashita Tokyo e iku tsumori desA Interest (on money) risoku to take (have) an i... in nilkyomi wo niotte iru in JapaI take a great i. ese customs Nihon no shfikan ni taihen kyemi wo moUe imasu I fcike an i... in that man a no hito 7ii kyomi wo motte imasu

.

.

is

my

to

i

.

.

.

.

sore

wa

watakushi no ioku desu Interesting omoshiroi Interfere (witli words) kuchibasin wo ireru; (put an obstacle) yokei

na

(involuntarily)

koto

wo sum;

sashi-tsukae

ga dekiru; (of a thing that is in the way) jama ni nam yokei na koto wo don't i ski-nai de o kure .

.

.

Interior (of a hoii=e) naka; nchi; (oi the couutry) naicfd Interpret tsuben wo sum tliis for me please i tsii.

.

.

wo

shite kudasai Interpreter tsiiben Jten

a good 1

i

.

.

.

no/jama wo sum; tomeru Intimate naka no ii naka i friends no ii Interrupt

.

.

.

tomodachi Into ni/haii-u to go i. the garden he went i niica ni lmirinw.\iritx to fall i... n'ilorh(-komu he went i... the tcMiiple o miya no naka ni ikiinaslnta (one person Introduce to .

.

jOiu rux

anotlier) shOkiti sum you to I i...

Mr.

Jealous

i.

.

i.

.

.

pipes tekkan -foundry sei-tHsii-jo

i...clad (ship) kutetstisen Irregular kimari no nai

shima

Island sore

It

was not I that said it itta no wa watakiislii de wa arimasen it is not Taro who is going iku no wa Taro de wa anmasen

it

See KELF Italy Itnria Itch tiie verb to

sl/ijkui sh'de kiidnmi a letter of introduction

kaii Ivory zoge

slio-

kai-jo

In the act introducing you may say, for in-tance: kono knta wa 'Jaiiahe San, kono

Veda San

katu loa

Invent (discover) Iwtsumei suru a cle%'er i...iou hi jo na fiatsHniei it is

a pure

i

.

.

.

story)

ted

ion (a fabricakoshirae-goto

desH Inventory shina-gaki Invilc maneku; yobu; o nuineki suru although I i...d him he wdvild not come o inaneki shite mo kiinasen deshlta Invoice okuri-}0 Iron tdsa jukutctsU wrought -i .

.

.

chiiteUCi .

tthn-ita

(li*uopean) airon (Japanese) smoothfng-i

flat-i.

.

.

.

.

.

(large) hivoshi: (smalll kote

(sponta-

of itself hitori dc; neously) shizen ni

Tavahc San Tanabe.? ni go shOkai shitnas/io ka? nie i... to thiit please a)io gentleman knta ni

.

tsuben i...

.

.

may

cast-i... sheot-i.

want to engage an we yatoUai

tsuben

141

Interrupt

.

have not the least

I

.

.

.

Intention tsumori

it

am;

Intend tnwirwri de

I

.

.

kaijo-lwken

.

.

.

.

.

I

ii-ts^iike'ru

marine

i to write a letter this . afternoon kyo gogo tegami wo kaku tsumori desu how many years do you i to stay in New York ? ikunen gurai Nya Yuku ni iru o tsumori desu ka }

I

.

you had better go to Hakone

life

later pre ter

i.

.

is

.

by

expressed

ly

usualadj.

the

Jam

(j're-erve=) jami January ^lio-(iuUii: ichi-galsO, Japan Xi/ioii; Si/ipon

J

like

1

.

ythoii

.

.

ga

sUki

di'xil

how

long

in

J....^

have you been Nihon ni dono

gurai inasii kn> Ja;>ancse (person) Nippon-jin; Aihon no hilo; (laiiguage) h'ihon-go; (adj.) S'ppori no I canr.ot speak J... 2\ihongo ga dckiniaseii a little 1 can speak J yUiun-go ya siikoshi deki.

.

.

Jar tauho Jealous yakiiHocJii-yaki na yakimochi-yaki de to be j aru to

be

.

.

.

j

.

.

of

.

t/ Ja;>ancse (person) Nippon-jin; Aihon no hilo; (laiiguage) h'ihon-go; (adj.) S'ppori no I canr.ot speak J... 2\ihongo ga dckiniaseii a little 1 can speak J yUiun-go ya siikoshi deki.

.

.

Jar tauho Jealous yakiiHocJii-yaki na yakimochi-yaki de to be j aru to

be

.

.

.

j

.

.

of

.

t/ wa he is a j of paintings ano hlto wa c ga wakarimasH, .

.

ne a put up

j

.

.

Join (trans.)

j

ii

. . .

koto desa

koshirae-ffoto aivase'ru;

.

t-su^u;

ni i\aru . us? issho ni will you not j ikimasen kat [wont you go (intr.)

issito

.

.

witli us?]

I would like to kfirabu

j.

.

.

liairitai

e

the club to omoi-

masu j...er sashiiiiono-ya Joint Uruqime; (of the body or ol plants) jushi Joke jodan jodan no iu to j. he can't take a j... ano Mto ni toi jodnn rao deki-nai you are joking surely jodnn dexho .

.

.

Journey

.

.

ruo/.O; tahi

tdbu to j . . over tobi-koe'ru a ditch dobu wo tobito j koe'ru to j... at (an offer) sugu

.

.

.

kakarimusu I wish you

.

.

ni shfirld suru imineiliateJy] Junction (railway)

safe

[to

accept

j

.

.

.

go

buji de. Joy ureshisa; yorokobi f ul ureshii; vortkobaehii j . to feel j...ful powkobu

.

.

.

.

.

come here a moment

j... j...

bridge

next door sugu tonari behind tlie house uchi

after meals shokuji sugu ato de

j... .

.

.

out-ide

the

gate

no sugu soto de I have j been .

manage masMta

no

rrvon

able

yatto

to deki-

kaitate no mo7io fruit ttiat has j

tndaima

no kudamono going to begin ima I am j hajimeru tokoro desU J . . as I started dekakeyd to furu toki ni j... as tall as he chodo ano

right chodo ii j... tlie same citodo onaji like it chi'do onaji da j returned chodo I liave j .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

ima kuerimn^lnta .

.

as

.

it is

j

.

.

hoahii

sono

is

it

what

.

I

omotte

to

tori

wanted

.

.

.

ila

.

.

.

yo ni as I have itta

tori

j

.

.

.

said tadaim*

.

.

been pick-

.

.

.

hUo

should j desu to mo

j

.

. .

a

.

.

try

.

tp-pen

yatte

write and ,see hltotsU

.

mimasho

kaite

an ordinary house (not a shop, nor a public building, etc.) tada no uchi that is j about it conna

j

.

.

.

.

mono desa Keep motsU;

.

(have

in

one'a

service) oUe iru (animals kau house uchi wo motsA to k howlongwillthi.sk...? dono .

.

.

gurai moch'onasu ka? two servants I k

jochQ wo fiitari oite i»iasu k. . this (doDt throw it away) kore uo totte oite o kure what has kept you so long T .

.

.

.

.

think so to

.

shita

ka

f

back nokosu; totte k oku; (by force) osaeru; (not hikae'ru; to give up all) (ndt to say all you know)

to

.

.

.

kakusU better k... back the goods until the next steamer kono tsugi no k'l^eit mid'' nimOtsU wo nokosh'de okn hu ga ii

k... back

wo

onaji aei

to

I

nwno

like

.

.

ni cJiodo

a foreigner j maru de seiyo-jin no yo ni mieru like a dream to it seems j me maru de pume no yo d«sii as you like anata no ii j.

he looks

.

bakari no kudamono;

totta toritate

.

naze sonna ni osoku narima-

(impartial) kohei tia; tndashii; ckohiiki no nai; (exactly) citodo; (just now)

ed

.

.

.

it

j

;

no suQu ufhiro ni

j

j

mimasho I'll

.

by the Bank ginko no

something I have only j... bought katta bakari no mono;

Just

j

.

I'll

.

ehotto O'ide nasai

no

Junk wiifcn

j

.

.

tetauJo

rcnraku-eki June roku-gatsU

.

a,

j

.

dfsfi

to taiie a j... ryoko suru on the j. . Vihi de. ichi-nichi . it is a day's j

.

Jump

.

.

.

July shichi-gatsU

.

it is no j. .. jodan ja nai Jolly yukai na; omoshiroi follow taitki-ai ii hlto a j Jolt (inti.^ gnVitsitku the riki«lia oatadon't j tsi'ika-iwi no ni shite o kiire.

.

jiki soba ni this side of the j . . . hashi no jiki temae

Juice shiru

.

.

aimarhita

j

Jug mizu-sashi that s a good

missed the train j . . ehotto no koto de kisha ni nori-okureta I was j able to catch the train yatto kisha ni ma ni

.

Keep

143

Jittt

I

to j... (legal) saiban suru from kara/sassuru to j . judging from his acts suru koto kara sassuru to

.

.

Ja»t

osacie

tluit

dog

.

.

bakari

so mattaku j. j... fancy! d! so desa kaf

inu

.

.

little siikoshi

ajjo

He o kure

watch ban wo suru sure and k strict be watch shikkari ban wo shite k

to

.

.

tatta

o kure to be kept in by the rain juri-komerareru off lusc'ju; the neg. to k

j... wait a moment ehotto matte kud/nsoi it is j at the top of tliat

of kuru (to come) please staud up a screen to off the wind kaze ga k ko-nai yo ni soko ni byobu

j.

.

.

.

.

now

ima koko ni

.

.

ima

tatta

he was here

j

.

.

.

now

imas/uta,

.

iiiU su(ju

sono suka no ue da

.

.

.

.

.

.

wojatete kudasai

142

Jetty Jetty haloba; (wooden) bashi Jewel hoseki .le.r kazari-ya j. ry kazari-mono j

$aw-

.

Judge (person) hanji .

.

.

kuruma

Jinrikisha

See KIKISHA

Job (a piece of work) work done by the j .

shiooto .

ukeoi-

.

judghig from appearances mita tokoro Q> wa he is a j of paintings ano hlto wa c ga wakarimasH, .

.

ne a put up

j

.

.

Join (trans.)

j

ii

. . .

koto desa

koshirae-ffoto aivase'ru;

.

t-su^u;

ni i\aru . us? issho ni will you not j ikimasen kat [wont you go (intr.)

issito

.

.

witli us?]

I would like to kfirabu

j.

.

.

liairitai

e

the club to omoi-

masu j...er sashiiiiono-ya Joint Uruqime; (of the body or ol plants) jushi Joke jodan jodan no iu to j. he can't take a j... ano Mto ni toi jodnn rao deki-nai you are joking surely jodnn dexho .

.

.

Journey

.

.

ruo/.O; tahi

tdbu to j . . over tobi-koe'ru a ditch dobu wo tobito j koe'ru to j... at (an offer) sugu

.

.

.

kakarimusu I wish you

.

.

ni shfirld suru imineiliateJy] Junction (railway)

safe

[to

accept

j

.

.

.

go

buji de. Joy ureshisa; yorokobi f ul ureshii; vortkobaehii j . to feel j...ful powkobu

.

.

.

.

.

come here a moment

j... j...

bridge

next door sugu tonari behind tlie house uchi

after meals shokuji sugu ato de

j... .

.

.

out-ide

the

gate

no sugu soto de I have j been .

manage masMta

no

rrvon

able

yatto

to deki-

kaitate no mo7io fruit ttiat has j

tndaima

no kudamono going to begin ima I am j hajimeru tokoro desU J . . as I started dekakeyd to furu toki ni j... as tall as he chodo ano

right chodo ii j... tlie same citodo onaji like it chi'do onaji da j returned chodo I liave j .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

ima kuerimn^lnta .

.

as

.

it is

j

.

.

hoahii

sono

is

it

what

.

I

omotte

to

tori

wanted

.

.

.

ila

.

.

.

yo ni as I have itta

tori

j

.

.

.

said tadaim*

.

.

been pick-

.

.

.

hUo

should j desu to mo

j

.

. .

a

.

.

try

.

tp-pen

yatte

write and ,see hltotsU

.

mimasho

kaite

an ordinary house (not a shop, nor a public building, etc.) tada no uchi that is j about it conna

j

.

.

.

.

mono desa Keep motsU;

.

(have

in

one'a

service) oUe iru (animals kau house uchi wo motsA to k howlongwillthi.sk...? dono .

.

.

gurai moch'onasu ka? two servants I k

jochQ wo fiitari oite i»iasu k. . this (doDt throw it away) kore uo totte oite o kure what has kept you so long T .

.

.

.

.

think so to

.

shita

ka

f

back nokosu; totte k oku; (by force) osaeru; (not hikae'ru; to give up all) (ndt to say all you know)

to

.

.

.

kakusU better k... back the goods until the next steamer kono tsugi no k'l^eit mid'' nimOtsU wo nokosh'de okn hu ga ii

k... back

wo

onaji aei

to

I

nwno

like

.

.

ni cJiodo

a foreigner j maru de seiyo-jin no yo ni mieru like a dream to it seems j me maru de pume no yo d«sii as you like anata no ii j.

he looks

.

bakari no kudamono;

totta toritate

.

naze sonna ni osoku narima-

(impartial) kohei tia; tndashii; ckohiiki no nai; (exactly) citodo; (just now)

ed

.

.

.

it

j

;

no suQu ufhiro ni

j

j

mimasho I'll

.

by the Bank ginko no

something I have only j... bought katta bakari no mono;

Just

j

.

I'll

.

ehotto O'ide nasai

no

Junk wiifcn

j

.

.

tetauJo

rcnraku-eki June roku-gatsU

.

a,

j

.

dfsfi

to taiie a j... ryoko suru on the j. . Vihi de. ichi-nichi . it is a day's j

.

Jump

.

.

.

July shichi-gatsU

.

it is no j. .. jodan ja nai Jolly yukai na; omoshiroi follow taitki-ai ii hlto a j Jolt (inti.^ gnVitsitku the riki«lia oatadon't j tsi'ika-iwi no ni shite o kiire.

.

jiki soba ni this side of the j . . . hashi no jiki temae

Juice shiru

.

.

aimarhita

j

Jug mizu-sashi that s a good

missed the train j . . ehotto no koto de kisha ni nori-okureta I was j able to catch the train yatto kisha ni ma ni

.

Keep

143

Jittt

I

to j... (legal) saiban suru from kara/sassuru to j . judging from his acts suru koto kara sassuru to

.

.

Ja»t

osacie

tluit

dog

.

.

bakari

so mattaku j. j... fancy! d! so desa kaf

inu

.

.

little siikoshi

ajjo

He o kure

watch ban wo suru sure and k strict be watch shikkari ban wo shite k

to

.

.

tatta

o kure to be kept in by the rain juri-komerareru off lusc'ju; the neg. to k

j... wait a moment ehotto matte kud/nsoi it is j at the top of tliat

of kuru (to come) please staud up a screen to off the wind kaze ga k ko-nai yo ni soko ni byobu

j.

.

.

.

.

now

ima koko ni

.

.

ima

tatta

he was here

j

.

.

.

now

imas/uta,

.

iiiU su(ju

sono suka no ue da

.

.

.

.

.

.

wojatete kudasai

144

Keep

k... off (don't come neai me) kite wa ike-nai company with to/ to U tsukinu (take charge of) azuto k. .

.

.

.

.

knru

back

come made kore wo

\\M

k..

plea^ie

kaer'i

I

till

azuknlte k'Khisni I will

1;

.

.

.

it

for

you o azu-

Kiss

Kidney jinzo k

to

.

.

all

that k

.

anything

always keep my word sunha iUd de mo marrwrimam

I

yakiiffokii

k

to

.

.

.

yo-jitkashi

k

to

.

.

.

bad

hours

(late) ni^ru

wo

kokoro-

to k... silence damaru to k. . . up (continue)

tsu-

zukeru* on Uuzuke'ru to k Kennel inu-bako .

.

aimasen .

.

.

k'lm

.

mas/iUa twistod the k . kagi ga mt'ijurimashUa I left the k . . in tlie lock kagi wo ana ni oite kinia.

.

shita

Kick keru to k. .. out oi-dashUe shimau to k up a row okoru [to . get angry] .

.

.

ivo

no wo

mittsU

.

.

chigatia

kUoisu-:^tt'!il

.

.

.

.

.

.

of

man

a

is

he?

Into drsH?

the k... of person I ko iu kilo ga suki, desU of person that Ls the k

this

is

like

iu

so

one k

two a.

k

k. .

.

will

Knee

.

.

.

V.

butsA to k.

tataku;

t.

utsii;

against v. t. butsAke'ru ; V. i. buUsOkaru to k . at the door to wo .

.

tataku to k... down bucJti-taosiX to k... in burhikomu to k . to pieces buchi-ko.

.

wnsit, tliere is

a k... at the door

dure ka to wo tatuitc i7nasu you nmst k at the door before coming in hairu mae ni to wo tataku no desu Knot muKUhi-me (may mean also a bow); komnmusubi (a .

.

.

non-slipi>ing knot)

person

shinsetsU

shim; wakaru; zonji'ru

(a polite verb)

na

1

k...

shitte

irnasH;

wakatU

my

fetch

wo

.

.

.

enough to

hat? dozo boshi kite kudasaiiruisen

toUe kaf [please

I don't

k

.

shira-nai I don't k

Kiss seppun; kisii seppun to k

1 don't

.

.

.

.

ni

sum;

tisd

.

.

sMrimasen

.

wont you take my hat and come) King o-sama

wo sum

.

;

desH ka skirimasen 1 k notking about watashi wa son)m koto .

irk,

shi-yo

.

.

.

where he

is

.

.

.

to say do

mo

to

su,

k...s

as you k. do you k ii

about

all

it

ano

wa minna

kilo

.

shitte imasH shitte iru tori

.

.

a good inn*

of

.

.

yado-ya wo

do you k

shitte

iinasU kaf

whether he has arrived? t'^uita ka do ka shitte imasu ka? 1 should like to k whether he has arrived tsuita ka do ka shiritai mono desH do you k that gentleman? ano kata wo shitte .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

imasO. ka!

have k...n him for some si'n kara shitte imasH he has been ill ano kata no byokl dalta no wa skitte imasH I k. her by sight ano hito wa kao dake shitle imasH whether it is I don't k so or not so de am ka nai I

1

time k .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

ka shira-nai

how

k

sliould I

.

.

.

?

do shite

shitte iru mono desH kaf as far as Ik... he did not watakiishi no cofoe shitte iru tokoro de tva dno hito

wa kimasen deshita he k s English very well ano hito wa Ei-go ga yoku

it

dekiru [he can English well]

wo

doko

ka shtrimasen k 1k)w to do it tono

wa skirimasen

what

.

.

do

imasH

you be k

.

ka skirimasen don't k. what to do with this child Aono ko ni ica koynarinuisU of course Ik... shitte irtM' ielia ii

I

.

Ictire

Know

of li ito-iro .s of luta-iro

.

.

.

.

Knock

I don't k.

he

/liza

Knife (in general) vaitU pocket-k... ko-ijatnna kitelien-k . Itocho; debabocho a blunt k . kire-nai naifii have this k... sharpened kono naifii wo togashiie o

Iiito .

.

.

.

d(m what k

.

.

different k...s iro-iro no I want all k...s of samples iro-iro no yuihon ga honkii kesshite notliinu; of the k. lif dictionary this is a k kore iva jibiki no yo na motu>

d'O iu,

.

.

.

kind ko iu no okulti' kudnsai one of e;icli k

h'lto

have

.

.

.

k -entrance katte-gucM Kite tako to fly a k... tako wo age'ru

.

oi kO in oi so lU : a iu how many k. .9 ? iku-irot will any k do nan de jiio ii pleaing knot)

person

shinsetsU

shim; wakaru; zonji'ru

(a polite verb)

na

1

k...

shitte

irnasH;

wakatU

my

fetch

wo

.

.

.

enough to

hat? dozo boshi kite kudasaiiruisen

toUe kaf [please

I don't

k

.

shira-nai I don't k

Kiss seppun; kisii seppun to k

1 don't

.

.

.

.

ni

sum;

tisd

.

.

sMrimasen

.

wont you take my hat and come) King o-sama

wo sum

.

;

desH ka skirimasen 1 k notking about watashi wa son)m koto .

irk,

shi-yo

.

.

.

where he

is

.

.

.

to say do

mo

to

su,

k...s

as you k. do you k ii

about

all

it

ano

wa minna

kilo

.

shitte imasH shitte iru tori

.

.

a good inn*

of

.

.

yado-ya wo

do you k

shitte

iinasU kaf

whether he has arrived? t'^uita ka do ka shitte imasu ka? 1 should like to k whether he has arrived tsuita ka do ka shiritai mono desH do you k that gentleman? ano kata wo shitte .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

imasO. ka!

have k...n him for some si'n kara shitte imasH he has been ill ano kata no byokl dalta no wa skitte imasH I k. her by sight ano hito wa kao dake shitle imasH whether it is I don't k so or not so de am ka nai I

1

time k .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

ka shira-nai

how

k

sliould I

.

.

.

?

do shite

shitte iru mono desH kaf as far as Ik... he did not watakiishi no cofoe shitte iru tokoro de tva dno hito

wa kimasen deshita he k s English very well ano hito wa Ei-go ga yoku

it

dekiru [he can English well]

wo

doko

ka shtrimasen k 1k)w to do it tono

wa skirimasen

what

.

.

do

imasH

you be k

.

ka skirimasen don't k. what to do with this child Aono ko ni ica koynarinuisU of course Ik... shitte irtM' ielia ii

I

.

Ictire

Know

of li ito-iro .s of luta-iro

.

.

.

.

Knock

I don't k.

he

/liza

Knife (in general) vaitU pocket-k... ko-ijatnna kitelien-k . Itocho; debabocho a blunt k . kire-nai naifii have this k... sharpened kono naifii wo togashiie o

Iiito .

.

.

.

d(m what k

.

.

different k...s iro-iro no I want all k...s of samples iro-iro no yuihon ga honkii kesshite notliinu; of the k. lif dictionary this is a k kore iva jibiki no yo na motu>

d'O iu,

.

.

.

kind ko iu no okulti' kudnsai one of e;icli k

h'lto

have

.

.

.

k -entrance katte-gucM Kite tako to fly a k... tako wo age'ru

.

oi kO in oi so lU : a iu how many k. .9 ? iku-irot will any k do nan de jiio ii plea the last place) .

shimai ni; (result intended or wished for but obtained only after delay or difficulty) yoyij; (result not intended nor wished for) totS we went to Shiba shiat 1 nuii ni Shiba e ikimashita the dinner is ready at 1... shokuji ga yoyo dekimashita it is done at 1.. yoyo dekimashita he died toto nukunariat 1. maghita Late osoi to be 1... (behind time) okure'm; osoku nam he is 1 okureta I am afraid we shall be 1. osoku naru ka mo shire.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

masen

f

the

1.

.

long 'Will it I. nannichi gurai arimasH kaf [how

am

the

.

.

how

ga i/^i

is

.

of all ttumari to 1 (hold out) tinue) tsu^zuku I

ban shimai no ji destl he came 1. iehi-bon ato ni

I

.

.

.

thii

L. year sakunen; kyonen the year before 1... issakunen; ototoshi \... night sakuban; yiibe the night before 1. . . issafor the

.

.

family tai-kauai

1

is the I (of a number of things that have been enumerated) kore de shimai the very 1 ichi-ban shimai no

many days \vlll it 1. .] soap has l...ed a long time koTio shabon iva nagaku

bottle o-bin

.

.

utvagi

i...

Last

.

lapsible) aruitn; metal te nple 1.

.

hon

Ei-go

.

.

.

.

Late this

hiza tknee]

gurai obi na as an egg tamago gurai as 1.

.

.

EnglibU

Lap

Lard rado; buta no abura Large okii; oki no.; (extensive) hvroi; (thick) IMoi as this kono about as 1

I...

rampu no

.-wick

147

Lap

a

.

poiiiiik) -go

.

Lamb

Lamp

.

.

ki-fujin

the dot

wants

.

.

Laoiaer urushi l...-ware nuri-mono Lad toaka-mono Ladder hashigo

Lady

.

.

.

.

by L nin-

(coolie)

.

thin Land (as distinct from the sea) oka; (ground) jimen

shigoto

L.er

1

trimming rampu no shin too kira-nakereba narinmsen there is no oil in this 1 . rampu ni abura ga nai the wants cleaning 1 rampu wo kirei ni sofi thinakereba ike-nai smoke don't let tl>e 1...

1.

Korea Chosen Labour

the wick of this

1.

Label fuda to 1 fuda .

Lantern

146

.

.

.

letter z

.

kimashUa I remained to the

I

1... 1

.

.

.

made rwkote imashita

shimai

too

I.

.

J

osoku nari-

mashUa kaf train

ten minutes ga jip^pun obu-

is

kisha

rtmashUa to be too

I

.

.

.

rtM ni atji}-atM%

Know

book is not k...n yet hon uw mada skira-

thi8

kono

.

imasen

rete

to becorne k...n (famous) nadakaku, nam n shirase'ru to make k .

Knowledge

.

.

(learning) chishiki

.uxUakUshi without my k ga shira-nai uehi ni I iiave no k of that matter sono koto wa ihirir .

.

.

.

.

ma sen

.

.

wo tsUkeru

rodosha;

soku

Lace

(fabric) rewtl; (of a boot)

himo

(wdman

of

1

.

education)

.

.

with the blue

hat

kabutta kata (the person wearing the blue hat] do respectable I . ies visit the place? ki-iufin ga ikeru yo na tokoro diru kaf boshi too

.

Lake 1

.

mizu-umi;

.

(in

com-

pouB(Js)-*o Biwa Bitva-ko .

rampu wo

wa

Iburasete

ko-hittuji Laoie (a 1. .person) to walk 1... bikko .

ikt-

nai .-chimney hoya .

to

1

.

.

.

oka wo

.

joriku

.

sum

I shall 1... at Kobe Robe ni jurika shimasu are we obliged to 1 in a boat.' boto de joriku sum no dexu ka? tol. (goods,) riku-age wo guru Landlady (by her own right) see L.\NiiLORD; (wife oi the landlord of an inn) yadoya no o kami-san; (of the inn in which the speaker n) ucld no o kami-san Landlord (of ground) ji-nushi; (of an (of a house) oya; inn) shuyin .

Landscape keshiki Lane ku-iuiehi Laneuage; koieba;

Hkko ivo

hVm

(European) rampu; (Japanese, square, non-collapsib\e)andon: (round, collapsible lantern) choekin the light from this 1... ia very poor kono rampu wa kurai

1.

Japanese

1

colloquial

(in

com-

spoken

1.

written

rude 1 Lantern

.

1 .

.

clMchin;

.

.

.

.

.

Nikon-go

.

.

.

1.

zotugo kogo

.

.

.

ikii

the coat is too ga oki-sugiru 1

.

month

sengetsU

kubun I...

week is-shukan

mne kara has been very

it

warm

tliese

1 two or three days kono ni-san-nichi ua Uiiso attakai . . train shuressha time I went kona the 1 niae itta toki the place 1 went to 1 . . time kono viae itta tokoro .

.

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

the book you promised roe time you came kono the 1 .

mae

.

.

toki o

Irita

yakHsoku no

bungo

burn na kotoba (round

collRpsibto)

(square, .

Don-eol(stone or

.)

tSrS

time

is the I. I shall come here mo kore k-iri koko e ko-nai when did you have (use) it

this

1

.

.

.

.

?itoM

desiX

ka

()

.

.

.

.

tsiikai nasatta

no

.

am; .

(con-

J

arimashita gootl fortune cannot

tliis

koniui

koto

ii

wa

1.

.

nagaku

tmziika-nai the .--trirm 1. .ed 2 days araahi ira futsCtku tsuzukimushita at I... (n> the last place) .

shimai ni; (result intended or wished for but obtained only after delay or difficulty) yoyij; (result not intended nor wished for) totS we went to Shiba shiat 1 nuii ni Shiba e ikimashita the dinner is ready at 1... shokuji ga yoyo dekimashita it is done at 1.. yoyo dekimashita he died toto nukunariat 1. maghita Late osoi to be 1... (behind time) okure'm; osoku nam he is 1 okureta I am afraid we shall be 1. osoku naru ka mo shire.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

masen

f

the

1.

.

long 'Will it I. nannichi gurai arimasH kaf [how

am

the

.

.

how

ga i/^i

is

.

of all ttumari to 1 (hold out) tinue) tsu^zuku I

ban shimai no ji destl he came 1. iehi-bon ato ni

I

.

.

.

thii

L. year sakunen; kyonen the year before 1... issakunen; ototoshi \... night sakuban; yiibe the night before 1. . . issafor the

.

.

family tai-kauai

1

is the I (of a number of things that have been enumerated) kore de shimai the very 1 ichi-ban shimai no

many days \vlll it 1. .] soap has l...ed a long time koTio shabon iva nagaku

bottle o-bin

.

.

utvagi

i...

Last

.

lapsible) aruitn; metal te nple 1.

.

hon

Ei-go

.

.

.

.

Late this

hiza tknee]

gurai obi na as an egg tamago gurai as 1.

.

.

EnglibU

Lap

Lard rado; buta no abura Large okii; oki no.; (extensive) hvroi; (thick) IMoi as this kono about as 1

I...

rampu no

.-wick

147

Lap

a

.

poiiiiik) -go

.

Lamb

Lamp

.

.

ki-fujin

the dot

wants

.

.

Laoiaer urushi l...-ware nuri-mono Lad toaka-mono Ladder hashigo

Lady

.

.

.

.

by L nin-

(coolie)

.

thin Land (as distinct from the sea) oka; (ground) jimen

shigoto

L.er

1

trimming rampu no shin too kira-nakereba narinmsen there is no oil in this 1 . rampu ni abura ga nai the wants cleaning 1 rampu wo kirei ni sofi thinakereba ike-nai smoke don't let tl>e 1...

1.

Korea Chosen Labour

the wick of this

1.

Label fuda to 1 fuda .

Lantern

146

.

.

.

letter z

.

kimashUa I remained to the

I

1... 1

.

.

.

made rwkote imashita

shimai

too

I.

.

J

osoku nari-

mashUa kaf train

ten minutes ga jip^pun obu-

is

kisha

rtmashUa to be too

I

.

.

.

rtM ni atji}-atM%

148

Ute now «w

too late

i3

it

suoiru: mo getting

oso-

1

ma

ni awa-nai hi ga kuremasu [tile sun is going down) before wc will be 1 it arrive tsuka-nai uchi ni hi ga kureru desho how 1 ? (until what hour.O nan-ji made? it is

1

.

.

.

.

how

1

.

.

.

.

you

.

arei Oiihen osoi\

.

.

Law

.est

news saikin no

.

1.

.est

.

telegram saikin no

Lather sluihon no

awa

LaDgh wnrau it

l...ed very much over «w!0 koto de tailien warai-

mashUa nothing to 1... about "carai-goto ia nai I cannot help l...ing okashikute tamara-nai he 1. ..s longei-t who 1. .s no kachi wa last hajime use kuso-gacfn fit i-s no gaining the fiist victoryj at wo/warau to 1. to be l...ed at uarauureru to 1... manely baka-warai suru to 1... in one's sleeve hara no naha de warau it

is

my

side ga horitsu

1

.

.

.

to

1

to

1

.

.s of this

sosho too okosU

.

e

oku

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

and dirty busho na Lead (mmeral) namari -pencil empitm Lead (verb) h'lk-u; hipparu;

.

1

.

.

.

1

.

.

.

(conduct) amiui .sura

I

mai

how many

leaves.? (of

paper)

kami nan-mai? turn

to

new

a

over

.

1

.

.

1

.

.

.

.

moru

.

this barrel

1.

.

kono taru

.«

wa

morimnm window

the

1

.

s

.

.

mmlo kara

ame ga hairimasii [rain cornea in through the window] Lean

from the katamuku

(incline

(intr.)

vertical)

to 1... against (of persons) nilyori-kakaru; (of things) ni/tate-kakeru 1

.

.

.

(tliin)

yaseta

Learn narau; (liear) kiku. wtiere did you learn it.' doko de naraimnxhita ka?

am

l...uig Japanese Niwu naratte irnasU I wish to 1 Japanese Kihon-go wo naraitai to 1 to speak Japanese Nihon-go no kaivua wo I

an easy hf e raku ni to 1 kurashite iru astray mayoviatii to 1 .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

narau

.

.

.

[to

1.

.

.

Japanese con-

versation]

l...ed person gakusfta Lease (of a house) tanauke-sho; (of land) shakxichi-shosho to 1... (lend) kasa; (hire) kari'ru

Least (in size) ichi-ban ohiisai; (in quantity) ichi-ban at

1.

iiay half

.

.

pay

you can't

if

minna deki-nakeMmJbun de mo haratte all

reba

kudasai there are at

1

.

.

.

100 sUku-

naku mo hyaku arimasu

turn over a 1 (of a book) ichi-umi ake'ru (a crack) mori-ana; (liquid oozing out) mori a 1... in the roof aina-mori [ame mori rain oozing out] to

to

Lea^e

sukunai

Leaf ha; happa; (of a gate) tobira; (of paper) kami ichi-

hon-go

a 1 person namake-mono omae wa you are very 1. namake-mono da .

.

Leak

L.azy

.

.

on

hold of tfukaniae'ru the blame on somebody kitonitsuim wo kiseru; hUu no sei ni suru 1... the blame on me waiakuKhi no sci ni shite o oki nasai is gas laid on (in the house).* gasu ga hiite arimasii kaf

dempo

I

.

shUa

shira/te

the

.

La\vyer brnrjoshi Lay (depc^it) oku; (eggs) umu to be laid up with illness byoki de uchi ni iru; bydki de nele i'm to 1 (something) down

1. . .ly koiiaida; kono-goro at 6 at the 1 ... est osoku mo roku-ji made ni .

.

country kono kuni no horitsU ne to go to

aka re

1.

.

.

e

desu ka?

Umare-kawaUa yo ni naru

lioritxu 1

road 1. to.? iku michi

this

wa doko

kore

wat(ikuf:hi no hu ni knnatte inyisu. according to the 1.

lf

the

warai

have the

I

.

.

.

.ter

See W.\TKR-OLOSET

.

.

.

.

l...-nian gentaku-ya See WASH Lavatory (place for washinj^' liands and face, etc.) kesholicya; (pri\y) benjo; hahakari

.

konaida; kono-goro of 1 osoku t'^uku to arrive 1 liours yo-fickashi to keep I wo suru ni-jH-nen 20 years l...r tatU kara I shall call l...r ato it Jcimasii sooner or l...r osokare ha.

.

149

Lead where does

able okashii

.

1.

Launch (s-team) ko-joki Laundry xenM-u-ya

.

.

.

Lead

sUkoshi mo; kesshUe (both are used with neg. verb) the 1. expensive ichi-ban yasui [tiie most cheap] at 1 wash your hands te gurai aratte o-ide the 1 you can do is to . apologize ayamaru gurai wa

not

in

tlie

.

.

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

sum

da

hnzii

make

at 1 . . the necessary preparations shilalcu dake wa shite oile iMre I at 1 tvatashi dake wa won't you give me at 1... half? semete hnmbun de mo kudasaimasen ka? the 1 said the soonest men.

.

.

.

.

.

.

ded kuchi,-kazu im sukunai hodo ii Leather kaiva imitation 1... magai-gatva

Leave (permission) yurushi to take

1.

.

itomagoi wo suru 1 kotowara.

.

without asking

.

.

nai de

without 1 yurushi nashi ni did you give liini 1. to go? itte mo ii to yurushimashita .

.

.

.

.

ka? take French

to

1

1.

.

.

damatte

shimau

itte

te ask

1

.

.

.

yurushi wo uke'ru

beg to ask you for two days

1 futsOka hima . dakiio gozaimasH to give 1 . . . v^iru*^ .

.

wo

tto-

148

Ute now «w

too late

i3

it

suoiru: mo getting

oso-

1

ma

ni awa-nai hi ga kuremasu [tile sun is going down) before wc will be 1 it arrive tsuka-nai uchi ni hi ga kureru desho how 1 ? (until what hour.O nan-ji made? it is

1

.

.

.

.

how

1

.

.

.

.

you

.

arei Oiihen osoi\

.

.

Law

.est

news saikin no

.

1.

.est

.

telegram saikin no

Lather sluihon no

awa

LaDgh wnrau it

l...ed very much over «w!0 koto de tailien warai-

mashUa nothing to 1... about "carai-goto ia nai I cannot help l...ing okashikute tamara-nai he 1. ..s longei-t who 1. .s no kachi wa last hajime use kuso-gacfn fit i-s no gaining the fiist victoryj at wo/warau to 1. to be l...ed at uarauureru to 1... manely baka-warai suru to 1... in one's sleeve hara no naha de warau it

is

my

side ga horitsu

1

.

.

.

to

1

to

1

.

.s of this

sosho too okosU

.

e

oku

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

and dirty busho na Lead (mmeral) namari -pencil empitm Lead (verb) h'lk-u; hipparu;

.

1

.

.

.

1

.

.

.

(conduct) amiui .sura

I

mai

how many

leaves.? (of

paper)

kami nan-mai? turn

to

new

a

over

.

1

.

.

1

.

.

.

.

moru

.

this barrel

1.

.

kono taru

.«

wa

morimnm window

the

1

.

s

.

.

mmlo kara

ame ga hairimasii [rain cornea in through the window] Lean

from the katamuku

(incline

(intr.)

vertical)

to 1... against (of persons) nilyori-kakaru; (of things) ni/tate-kakeru 1

.

.

.

(tliin)

yaseta

Learn narau; (liear) kiku. wtiere did you learn it.' doko de naraimnxhita ka?

am

l...uig Japanese Niwu naratte irnasU I wish to 1 Japanese Kihon-go wo naraitai to 1 to speak Japanese Nihon-go no kaivua wo I

an easy hf e raku ni to 1 kurashite iru astray mayoviatii to 1 .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

narau

.

.

.

[to

1.

.

.

Japanese con-

versation]

l...ed person gakusfta Lease (of a house) tanauke-sho; (of land) shakxichi-shosho to 1... (lend) kasa; (hire) kari'ru

Least (in size) ichi-ban ohiisai; (in quantity) ichi-ban at

1.

iiay half

.

.

pay

you can't

if

minna deki-nakeMmJbun de mo haratte all

reba

kudasai there are at

1

.

.

.

100 sUku-

naku mo hyaku arimasu

turn over a 1 (of a book) ichi-umi ake'ru (a crack) mori-ana; (liquid oozing out) mori a 1... in the roof aina-mori [ame mori rain oozing out] to

to

Lea^e

sukunai

Leaf ha; happa; (of a gate) tobira; (of paper) kami ichi-

hon-go

a 1 person namake-mono omae wa you are very 1. namake-mono da .

.

Leak

L.azy

.

.

on

hold of tfukaniae'ru the blame on somebody kitonitsuim wo kiseru; hUu no sei ni suru 1... the blame on me waiakuKhi no sci ni shite o oki nasai is gas laid on (in the house).* gasu ga hiite arimasii kaf

dempo

I

.

shUa

shira/te

the

.

La\vyer brnrjoshi Lay (depc^it) oku; (eggs) umu to be laid up with illness byoki de uchi ni iru; bydki de nele i'm to 1 (something) down

1. . .ly koiiaida; kono-goro at 6 at the 1 ... est osoku mo roku-ji made ni .

.

country kono kuni no horitsU ne to go to

aka re

1.

.

.

e

desu ka?

Umare-kawaUa yo ni naru

lioritxu 1

road 1. to.? iku michi

this

wa doko

kore

wat(ikuf:hi no hu ni knnatte inyisu. according to the 1.

lf

the

warai

have the

I

.

.

.

.ter

See W.\TKR-OLOSET

.

.

.

.

l...-nian gentaku-ya See WASH Lavatory (place for washinj^' liands and face, etc.) kesholicya; (pri\y) benjo; hahakari

.

konaida; kono-goro of 1 osoku t'^uku to arrive 1 liours yo-fickashi to keep I wo suru ni-jH-nen 20 years l...r tatU kara I shall call l...r ato it Jcimasii sooner or l...r osokare ha.

.

149

Lead where does

able okashii

.

1.

Launch (s-team) ko-joki Laundry xenM-u-ya

.

.

.

Lead

sUkoshi mo; kesshUe (both are used with neg. verb) the 1. expensive ichi-ban yasui [tiie most cheap] at 1 wash your hands te gurai aratte o-ide the 1 you can do is to . apologize ayamaru gurai wa

not

in

tlie

.

.

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

sum

da

hnzii

make

at 1 . . the necessary preparations shilalcu dake wa shite oile iMre I at 1 tvatashi dake wa won't you give me at 1... half? semete hnmbun de mo kudasaimasen ka? the 1 said the soonest men.

.

.

.

.

.

.

ded kuchi,-kazu im sukunai hodo ii Leather kaiva imitation 1... magai-gatva

Leave (permission) yurushi to take

1.

.

itomagoi wo suru 1 kotowara.

.

without asking

.

.

nai de

without 1 yurushi nashi ni did you give liini 1. to go? itte mo ii to yurushimashita .

.

.

.

.

ka? take French

to

1

1.

.

.

damatte

shimau

itte

te ask

1

.

.

.

yurushi wo uke'ru

beg to ask you for two days

1 futsOka hima . dakiio gozaimasH to give 1 . . . v^iru*^ .

.

wo

tto-

150

i.eav«

(quit, depart) deru (suffer rede!:ake'ru; to main) nohoshUe oku; (depo>it) azun-fru: (chauge re-

to 1...

sidence) hikkoshi

.vwrjt

Kobe wo

mo

dekakeinash'tta,

ka? left fi;i' Kobe yesterday kino Kobe e itimashUa 1 loft tlie steamer at Naga-

lie

orinmshUa

[oriru to get off]

to-morrow tnj/oI sliall 1. nichi dekakemasho .

to

1

.

.

.

to-morrow

tiU

it

ashiia no koto ni suru (in dejwsit) at the it station teu/iaba ni azukemasfiita I wiU 1 . it to you to decide anata no kangae ni

I left

.

.

makasemasu to me, I will do it tcatakushi ni inafMseU kudatai, yatU minuislto ray card meishi . I will 1 too oHe ikima^Ci

1.

.

.

it

.

.

where can e

II...

this.*

doko

okimasho ka?

1 have

left wliere saifti

.

my

purse sometvodoko e ka oki-

wamtremashUa I left it in my room ipatakHshi no heva ni okimashUa has anything been left for vaef toatashi hi nani ka oHe

.

.

.

tiling

bemud

left

wasure-

mono to

wa Haga-

ivataLiiKhi saki de June too

salti

.*

.

.

demaali'da

left.'

there are only three left mo mittsu sfdka arimaxen there are none leit mo ariniasen to I alone sutete oku; utchatu oku It alone Kiitete oit-e o kure, 1. (don't touch) inra-nai de o kure 1. me alone please kamawanai de kudaxni to 1... behmd (by mistake) olci-wasureru .

at what time does the steamer 1...;' ncn-ji ni June ga devfuisu ka? I lei't Kobe this morning kesa

has he

Leg

(cease) yame'ru;

off

1...

Legible yomi-yasui please write it very

yomi-ynmku

.

.

off

.

thing) to 1...

(stop domg someyoshi nanai

opeu

akeppanashUe

oku to 1 . . hanc;iiig panashiie oku to 1 out (not .

.

up kakep-

hima

dashippnvashUe oku; ing

(in writ-

unintentionally)

otosH; (purjiDsely)

kaki-

nukasu

it AS it id sono mama ni skUe • oki nasai Lecture kogi Leek nira Left hidari side hidari no ho 1. l...-hand hidari no U hidari e o-ide go to the 1. natai -handed person hidari-kiki 1 \jet*»hi i

.

.

.

.

left.'

mada

toki

1.

.

will

1

it

to

it

to

me

.

.

you

me your book

1...

.

o kure

shaku .

a

.

.

ryo-ashi kata-tmhi table with 3 l...s sam-bon ashi no lUruru (slang) to pull another's 1. .

.

.s

.

.

.

.

haye

one's

I.

.

.

pulled

benkyo

wo

sum; nobasH

keiko ga

.

1...S

Japanese

in

wo

suru

.

Lessor kashi-nushi

him Wait

.

.

moment

a

iruUase shite o kure a nyone come in dare mo irete wa ike-nai this get cold kore dont 1 wo same-nai yo ni shite oki sUko-ihi

dont

1

.

.

.

.

.

nasai

l...than

an

hour

tlAn an horn- iehi-jikan

.

have

1

.

.

toatakashi

money than he

.

wa

ano

1

.

1

.

.

wa B

still I.

.

.

.

yori beiikyii shi-nai motto sukunai .

hltori sUkunai a man 1 than 20 persons not 1 m-;u-ntu pari sulMnaku nai than a year ichi-nen In 1 .

.

.

.

.

.

.

tata-nai uchi

.

it

.

be

siitcte oite

o kure;

tUchcUte oite o kure .

me

.

alone please

kamawa-

nai de kudasai him go (allow

to depart) ikasete o yari nasai them laugh if they like . tBarailainara warauashite oki

I...

hito yori

kani too sUkoshi shVca motU imasen studious than _B A A is 1

.

katsxigare'ru

.

.

Ut

.

.en nagaku little

.

.

1.

.

Nihon-go no keiko

yori sUkunai 1

1

one's

to me thLs will be a 1. korimasli'ita it will be a good 1. . . to you anata u>a koritura ii desho

ichi-ji/can ni sidoshi siiku7ui% 1

Vnow

wafcaru

1.

(at last) yoyo; (in I... detail) komaka ni 2 feet in 1 . . . nagasa toa ni-

at

1.

mise-

.

.

Length ntigasa

L^

Lessee kari-nushi benkyo; Lesson keiko;

kash'Ue

you kashUe

a moment.* cliotto hon too kaskiU kudasaiiiiasen ka? us a liand te wo kashite 1 .

taiffai

.

stiru

agemasho will

correct

1.

ii

to take .

.

to study one's

kudasai 1

more or

to

please 1...

for

yu na

ramum

.ade

it

.

shi)ii.e

Lend kasA

.

both 1. one 1.

to

hima no

o

Lemon remon

.

ikiimiuhUa ka* there any ttrimatu km

an

wa

.

.

.

ii)M

defru

at your 1... ui

.

shut up)

.

.

kaile kudasai

now

.

.

legibly

me have

let

? motto yasUku dekimw1 sen ka? more or 1 . gurai; tasho more or 1... the same OTUtji .

Legend viukashi-rnonoyatiiri

Leisure hima I am at 1...

Let

cannot you

Legal horiUaijo no Legation kiJshi-kan

yosu 1

161

Legal

1

.

.

nasai to

1

.

.

.

go (loosen hold)

te

wo

hanasu to to to

1. 1

.

.

.

1.

.

1... gji/.-i

. . .

go of wo/haTMsH in ireru; tosii (one) do ni/sase'ru likes

him do what he ni sashUe

oite

kure

150

i.eav«

(quit, depart) deru (suffer rede!:ake'ru; to main) nohoshUe oku; (depo>it) azun-fru: (chauge re-

to 1...

sidence) hikkoshi

.vwrjt

Kobe wo

mo

dekakeinash'tta,

ka? left fi;i' Kobe yesterday kino Kobe e itimashUa 1 loft tlie steamer at Naga-

lie

orinmshUa

[oriru to get off]

to-morrow tnj/oI sliall 1. nichi dekakemasho .

to

1

.

.

.

to-morrow

tiU

it

ashiia no koto ni suru (in dejwsit) at the it station teu/iaba ni azukemasfiita I wiU 1 . it to you to decide anata no kangae ni

I left

.

.

makasemasu to me, I will do it tcatakushi ni inafMseU kudatai, yatU minuislto ray card meishi . I will 1 too oHe ikima^Ci

1.

.

.

it

.

.

where can e

II...

this.*

doko

okimasho ka?

1 have

left wliere saifti

.

my

purse sometvodoko e ka oki-

wamtremashUa I left it in my room ipatakHshi no heva ni okimashUa has anything been left for vaef toatashi hi nani ka oHe

.

.

.

tiling

bemud

left

wasure-

mono to

wa Haga-

ivataLiiKhi saki de June too

salti

.*

.

.

demaali'da

left.'

there are only three left mo mittsu sfdka arimaxen there are none leit mo ariniasen to I alone sutete oku; utchatu oku It alone Kiitete oit-e o kure, 1. (don't touch) inra-nai de o kure 1. me alone please kamawanai de kudaxni to 1... behmd (by mistake) olci-wasureru .

at what time does the steamer 1...;' ncn-ji ni June ga devfuisu ka? I lei't Kobe this morning kesa

has he

Leg

(cease) yame'ru;

off

1...

Legible yomi-yasui please write it very

yomi-ynmku

.

.

off

.

thing) to 1...

(stop domg someyoshi nanai

opeu

akeppanashUe

oku to 1 . . hanc;iiig panashiie oku to 1 out (not .

.

up kakep-

hima

dashippnvashUe oku; ing

(in writ-

unintentionally)

otosH; (purjiDsely)

kaki-

nukasu

it AS it id sono mama ni skUe • oki nasai Lecture kogi Leek nira Left hidari side hidari no ho 1. l...-hand hidari no U hidari e o-ide go to the 1. natai -handed person hidari-kiki 1 \jet*»hi i

.

.

.

.

left.'

mada

toki

1.

.

will

1

it

to

it

to

me

.

.

you

me your book

1...

.

o kure

shaku .

a

.

.

ryo-ashi kata-tmhi table with 3 l...s sam-bon ashi no lUruru (slang) to pull another's 1. .

.

.s

.

.

.

.

haye

one's

I.

.

.

pulled

benkyo

wo

sum; nobasH

keiko ga

.

1...S

Japanese

in

wo

suru

.

Lessor kashi-nushi

him Wait

.

.

moment

a

iruUase shite o kure a nyone come in dare mo irete wa ike-nai this get cold kore dont 1 wo same-nai yo ni shite oki sUko-ihi

dont

1

.

.

.

.

.

nasai

l...than

an

hour

tlAn an horn- iehi-jikan

.

have

1

.

.

toatakashi

money than he

.

wa

ano

1

.

1

.

.

wa B

still I.

.

.

.

yori beiikyii shi-nai motto sukunai .

hltori sUkunai a man 1 than 20 persons not 1 m-;u-ntu pari sulMnaku nai than a year ichi-nen In 1 .

.

.

.

.

.

.

tata-nai uchi

.

it

.

be

siitcte oite

o kure;

tUchcUte oite o kure .

me

.

alone please

kamawa-

nai de kudasai him go (allow

to depart) ikasete o yari nasai them laugh if they like . tBarailainara warauashite oki

I...

hito yori

kani too sUkoshi shVca motU imasen studious than _B A A is 1

.

katsxigare'ru

.

.

Ut

.

.en nagaku little

.

.

1.

.

Nihon-go no keiko

yori sUkunai 1

1

one's

to me thLs will be a 1. korimasli'ita it will be a good 1. . . to you anata u>a koritura ii desho

ichi-ji/can ni sidoshi siiku7ui% 1

Vnow

wafcaru

1.

(at last) yoyo; (in I... detail) komaka ni 2 feet in 1 . . . nagasa toa ni-

at

1.

mise-

.

.

Length ntigasa

L^

Lessee kari-nushi benkyo; Lesson keiko;

kash'Ue

you kashUe

a moment.* cliotto hon too kaskiU kudasaiiiiasen ka? us a liand te wo kashite 1 .

taiffai

.

stiru

agemasho will

correct

1.

ii

to take .

.

to study one's

kudasai 1

more or

to

please 1...

for

yu na

ramum

.ade

it

.

shi)ii.e

Lend kasA

.

both 1. one 1.

to

hima no

o

Lemon remon

.

ikiimiuhUa ka* there any ttrimatu km

an

wa

.

.

.

ii)M

defru

at your 1... ui

.

shut up)

.

.

kaile kudasai

now

.

.

legibly

me have

let

? motto yasUku dekimw1 sen ka? more or 1 . gurai; tasho more or 1... the same OTUtji .

Legend viukashi-rnonoyatiiri

Leisure hima I am at 1...

Let

cannot you

Legal horiUaijo no Legation kiJshi-kan

yosu 1

161

Legal

1

.

.

nasai to

1

.

.

.

go (loosen hold)

te

wo

hanasu to to to

1. 1

.

.

.

1.

.

1... gji/.-i

. . .

go of wo/haTMsH in ireru; tosii (one) do ni/sase'ru likes

him do what he ni sashUe

oite

kure

152

Let

loose hanasii to 1 to 1 out (suffer to escape) dasu; (devuTge) rnorasu Bhall I 1. the dog out? inu uo dafiiimashd Jca'f I... us «o tor a little walk sukos?d saiiipo sMnmsIto iki1. \\i go and see mi ni masiio us go ikimasho I to I. (iiire) kasu a house to 1. kashi-ya to 1. . . off (pardon) yurusu .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Lie 1.

.

to

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

Letter tegami; (of ths alphabet) ji

taira ni

onaji takasa

.

sum

usotsUki

(less

cii'fcnsive

than the English word) Liberal (generous) mono-oshimi

Wo

shi-nai

.

1

.

.

kono tegami

.

wo

dusliite kurc arc there any l...sforme? tegumi ga kite imam koi have not received a 1... ] Iritolsu mo trgnmi ga ko-nai 1 have receix ed a i tegami . ga kimushiia liow much will the poftnge on these l...s cost? kono tegami wn ikura dc ihimasu ka? will you please v.cigh this 1. for me? kotio tegami loo kakete mite kudasai please forward my l...sto tliis address dozo waUikushi no tegami wo kono iokorogaki e niuimsU'dc kudasai 1... of introduction shukai-jo I-., .-box (in the cate or for posting 1. .s) yubiii-bako l.-.-pujier tegami 7io kami; (Jaijanese in roll) maki-gami registered 1 kaki-tome no tegami

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

See POST Lettuce chisa; rettasu Level taira na; hiratai

ground hlrachi

theless 1 ask yon]

to t:ike

1.

.ies witli

.

on one's back aomuke to 1 ni neru to 1 on one's face utsHbushi ni neru; (flat on the belly) harambai ni natte .

a

woman

onna ni lawn mare ru you are ;it 1... to mention hanashile mo ii are you at 1. to do so? so s/iite mo ii no desd kaf Library (working room in a jirivate house) s/tosai; (public) toahokan Licence (written permission) nienkyo-jo Lick numeru Lid filta put on the 1... fiitawo shitt o tare take off the 1... liUa wo lotte o kure Lie (a falsehood) vso to 1... (utter a falsehood) ii.o wo tauku: (rest extended) ne'ru down ne'ru; yoko ni to 1.

.

.

.

.

.

vru Life inochi is

1

.

wa

.

pleasent here? koko toko desU kaf [is this

.

ii

a nice plac«?] a ciuestion of

it is

Liberty jiyn at 1 to do as one likes kalte shidai I take the 1. . of asking you sliil-surei desil ga o taeune shiinasu [it is im])olite never.

post this

.

.

Liable sekinin no aru 1... to duty zei ga kukaru

Liar

.

.

.

1.

.

.

I.

man mono no

.-headed

waJcatta hito

on the same

153

Li«

1

.

.

.

and

death ikiru ka shinu ka no mo7idai desii never

my

in

1

.

.

kesshlte

.

by

neg. verb) watak-ushi ga uma. . reie kara [since I was born];

(followed

all

my

I

.

shinu made [until death] raku ni 1

to lead an easy kurashite iru

.

.

.

nam I am down

.

.

I want to 1 . kutabireniashiia kara

tiled

1

.

.

.

.

gasHtS to get in one's 1... kage ni naru to hold up to the l...hini

gas-1...

kazashUe

miru

show me a o kure give me a

1...

akari

1...

cigar) hi wo please] I...-I10USC todai

.

.

s in

no oyobu dake

me

chikara

wo

nlease

kudasai

misete (for

a

[lire

Light (adjective) (not obscure) akarui; (not heavy) karui; (moderately coloured) usui; (easy) yasashii

.

to be l.ed tsuitc i'ru to 1 ... en (make less heavy)

sum

karuku

Lightning inabikari to be struck by 1... (of a person) kaminari ni utare'ru [to be struck by thunder];

ga

kaminari things) (of ochiru [thunder falls]

where

did the 1 doko ni kaminari inashita ka? .

.

.

strike? ga ochi'

yo na; yd ni (of the

(adj.)

same kind)

.

netai

as far as

.

.

Like

Light (noun) ^i^•an,• '(artificial) akari the 1 of the sun hi no hikari light the 1 . .3 akari wo tsUkure kete o put out the 1...3 akari wo keshite o kure the 1 . . is bad kurai [it is dark} electric-1... denki .

Light (verb) tsUke'ru 1. the lights akari wo tsikeie kure 1... the fire hi wo taki-tsukete kurc

.

Lift ageru, mochi-age'ru

it

.

Like

nita to be

1

.

.

.

onaji;

(similar)

nitnite rru aivy more silk

have you this.? kono yo na

1

kinu

. .

git

arimasii kat 1 want one exactly 1... this kore to diodo onaji na no

ga hoHldi

want one something 1... in yo na no ga

I

this ko hoshii

have you another

1...

this

only larger ? kore to onaji mono de sukoshi okii no ga arimasii ka ? tliis ko iu 1 want it made 1. yd iii ku!

m

.

.

.

shire-nai

m

be he iias been toW already mo kiita ka mo shirenai be that as it ra... sore wa

it

.

.

.

so to

m

hapi)en (though very improbable) that I shall not return to-night moshi ka shitara komban wa KoetU kimasen I ask you whether you have seen him.' sfutsiirti desu ga anata tea ano kata

it

m

.

.

.

.

.

.

m

a great

.

(things)

.

.

takii-

san; (people) ozei people ozei rn great a there are (things) takusan arima^ii who think so there are m.

m

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

omou hito wa ozei arimasu m... of the Americans have «o

Amerika-jin ni hito ga ozei

eyes

blue

wa me no am arimasH. there are

m

foreignnot ers in Napasaki Nagasaki ni wa neiyo-jin wa ozei imasen ynkei too (n you have as n\... oranges as I anata wa wutakushi .

.

.

.

.

.

wo oarai mikan to onaii motte imasu dake as m. as tliere are take as as you want ikuOsa de wo hoshii dake o tori nasai Map c/hzu of Japan Nikon no m. chizu .

.

.

m

am

.

.

.

.

Maple momiji the M... (luh Koyokan Marble duiriseki

March (month)

san-gatsii; (dis-

tance) michinori susaimi to

m

.

.

.

Marine umi no

Mark

(sign) sliiruxhi; (trace of soraetliinpr that has ceased

to be) ato to m... (affix a sign) ni/ shiruski wo tmke'ru please put this on the case hako ni koiio sliirushi

m

wo

tsiikete

.

.

.

kudasai

m...ed?

shiruski ga ka? this table has some m...8 kono telmru ni ato ga ariis

Mat

162

Many

it

tsuite itnasvL

Ttiasii

f inger-m trade-m

.

.

.

.

.

.

an eight m... room hachi-jo

yubi-ato

ma

shohyo

to re-cover am... tatami no omote wo kae'ru

Market

m

.

.

ichi-ba -price soba in the m. .

.

none

.

skina-gire

Marriage kekkon; see marry Marry (in general) kekkon sunt he (or she) is married ano kito wa kekkon shimash'Ua they are married (to each other) /m/m de-sH to give in marriage

saseru that man

came ano

is

to

hito

live

kekkon

married (bride in his house) morai-

wa pome wo

mashiia; (he went to live in tlie bride's house) ano hito wa mukd ni ikimnsk'ita she is married (slie went to the husband's house) ymne ni ikiniashlta; (the husband came to her house) muko wo

moraimaskita Marvel iOskigi m ous luskigi na Masculine otokorashii .

.

Mask

amma momu masseur amma gan .

.

m... hUo-

M... Taro Taro San

m

Mat

.

.

.

(on

yoku wakaru; yoku of

.

m m

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

mo kamaimasen know

m.

wliat

Japanese

.8 little

.

is

the

m

.

.

betsu

m kamai-

masen wiiich nan de ma DO m kamaimasen it will be a m... of 15 yen jH-go-yen gurai no koto desho how often you go to no m see it you will enjoy it iku.

do

.

itte

it is

a

.

mite

m.

.

.

.

m

jits a

.

.

.

.

ni

.

mo

omoshiroi

of fact jijUsa da of fact jUsii, wa;

m

daiji

a serious

of a mat called tatami no omote; is goza is similar in texture to this outer covering.

na koto what does it m

.

.

.

na

koto;

taihen

tore wa ja nai

Matting goza Mattress fiiton; shikirbuton

May (month)

m

to you.' anata no shitt/i koto .

.

.

go-gaisiA,

he get up.' okite mo desho kd? get up okite mo ii; he okite mo ii dc^ko put it either in m... you the drawer or on tlie table hlki-dashi e irete mo teburu no ue ni oite mo ii .

.

.

ii

m

m

.

.

.

.

.

go

I

.

out.'

ilte

mo

ii

desho ka?

m

go I'/te mo ii you he m... go whenever he likes ano hito wa fibun no .

.

.

na

sOki

toki

dekakera-

ni

remasH ih

it

.

m

he

.

.

.

.

.

be tabun so desho have lost it tabun

nakusMta no desho

m

be

a

iiouse

there to let in

Kamakura

tabun

Kamakura

ni kashi-ya

possibly

.

room) tatami

The outer covering

with you.'

.

do shlta no desi'i? there is nothing the m. . nan de mo 'nui kamaimasen it doesn't to me watait doesn't kOshi wa kanmimasen bit sukoshi a doesn't m. it

as a floor

m.

the

is

ka?

Mast hobaskira Master danna; skujin is your m... m! danna tan wa imasH kaf

to deki'ru

no dcsa?

what

it

.

to be one's own ri-dachi shite iru

soroeru be a m... for w aite de aru Matter wliat is the m....« da shita of)

to

sihU'i koto ka shirimasen the m... with is. anything you? doko ka o tvarui no desu

men

o

m

thing (as lamp) shUi-motio a teapet m... dohin-sh'iki Match matchi to m... (procure the equal

do

Massage to

to place under some-

am...

I don't

.

May

163

Mat

.

.

.

ga aru desho

m

I

.

ra

it

.

.

mo

ka

.

.

.

have seen 'nim mita, shire-nai rain to-night kom-

ban ame ga iuru ka mo shirt nai not have been tok he yet mada kika-nai ka mc>

m

.

.

.

shire-nai

m

be he iias been toW already mo kiita ka mo shirenai be that as it ra... sore wa

it

.

.

.

so to

m

hapi)en (though very improbable) that I shall not return to-night moshi ka shitara komban wa KoetU kimasen I ask you whether you have seen him.' sfutsiirti desu ga anata tea ano kata

it

m

.

.

.

.

.

.

May

164

ni o [it

ai ni varimaahita kn? impolite of me, but

is

have you seen him?] m... I t^ike tlie liberty shUsurei

m.

desic

of

(/ii

I offer you some milk? eiiic/ii iru fiririiirUo dowasure shivMsliUa oboe to have a Dad ni . ga warui oboe ga to lose one's . . . it

.

waniku

nam

m

.

.

of Prince

.

Ito

10

m

please this dvzo wo naoshite kudasai

kore

kore

.

.

.

.

.

be m...ed.' qa naoscni desho ka? tliis

what Would

cost to m... naosfi no ni

it

wo

kore

this.'

ikura kakariniasu. ka?

have

tn ed Tiaosase'ru send to be m...ed naoyaru

to to

.

.

.

shi ni

Menses Uiiki-yaku Mental kokoro no: seishin no Mention (in writing) kak-u; (in speaking) iu; ha>iasu don't m it d'l itashimas/(i7e; (after being thanked for relreshmcnts) o somatsu sama for form's sake ne» to m .

.

.

.

.

.

no tawf ni itte oku Merchant sho-nin; akindo foreign in seiyo no «Ao.

.

.

Tiiit

wholesale

m

.

.

.

ton-ya

Mercury suiyin Mercy

am

at iiism... watakOshi

no

h'do

sum mama

ni narimnsu Mere hon no; tada no joke hon no jodan a 10 a m... ordinary liouse (not a palace) tada no uchi song . to buy for a sUte-ne ni kau ly tada; bakari Merino nierinsu Merry ydki na .

kie'ru

Member

Memory

.

wa ano

makuw.i-uri suika water-m Meit v. i. iokeru .

.

no kinen ni

can

I

Melon uri .-

m

in

Mend naosu

tnigai

Mechanic shoku-nin Medal meiaru; (military) kun-

m. I

.

.

Meat niku

(what do you mean by this beliaviour'O nani wo sum no knchi

.

.

.

.

destl/

says

.

.

s ku/u sum to take hakaru; sumpo ivo torn to m.

.

wliut do you rn... by that? sore wa do iu wake desa? wliat do you m... by not coming.' ko-nai 710 wa do iu wake dcsii? wliat i'^ the m...ing of this.* kore wa do iu wake desiif

he does not

m m

some

Message

Ko

m

a great

sho

hatnha m...? wa nan no koto

to

desii

by no m. .s kesMte (followed by ueg. verb): do shite mo (foil, by neg. verb) by all 111. .8 zehi a man of m...9 kumen no ii Mto a man of no m...3 kumen no voarui Mto by m s of de by m s of a stick bS de I got rid of him by ra s of a lie uso wo itte kaeshita (I told a lie and made him .

J

165

measuring length) m/mo-

for in in

chiijaUe iitiaau

iyashii;

kcdii na

.

.

does

(!

mo

ii tliis afteriiiM)n 'J'aro

ni kyo

w

.s

.

he m... come at any time

now mo

.s

.

iinkari-sd na mono da m. (signify) iu \vh;it doe^ tliis in. kore

to

ike-nni

to

.

!:/iUe

there is no m...s of knowiiic; ahiru koto ga drki-nai there must be some ni...s 01 finding out do ka shite

.

it

otosu

wo

kotn

.

.

Measure

.

.

m

m

.

.

.

.

.

Mess (medley)

konzatsil

be in am... (covered with dirt) yoaorete vru Message (verbal) kotozuke kotoivkt «M to send a m suru to

.

.

.

m

any

.

me? TMni ka

for

.

.

kotozuke ga nrimashila ka? don't forget to give my kotozuke ivo waimrete wa ike-

m

masen any m...

Mr. tiike a (shall I from you to Mr. Smith San ni 7mni

.

.

Smitli?

for

message Smith.') ka koto

zuke wa ariiiiasen ka?

Messenger tKukui please send a m wo yatte kudasai let me know by m de shirasete kudasai .

m

.

teukai

.

.

made

m

of

no

.

.

.

kaTia-

mono

.

.

know

ano

hito

hia u)a

kokoro ga kimara-nai bear it in m oboete iU .

.

.

mannaka

.

nen; (of a about the

man) ehUwoman) toshima

m

.

.

of April goro

.

shi-qatsiX no naka Midnight yo-naka Might see may with all one's m. and main isshokemmei Mile mairu; the corresponding Japanese unit of length the ri is equal to 2"4 mile. See p. 31 Milk chichi cow's m... chichi; yyUnyO. .

boiled m. fresh m.

.

.

.

toakashita i/yiinyii

(not boiled) tiamn no gyunyu; (recently drawn) shikoritate no gyHnyu .

.

.

m...

katt'

.

.

.

.

dasaseru

man

my

of

puts

me

in

lather ano

wo miru

yosii

to

m

.

.

hUo no

chichi

.

.

.

(feel

aimoyed

at)

.

y'limii

m

.

.

.

.

.

.

m...

(dont

kai(iawa-nai de;

(it

worry) doesn't

matter) kamaimasi^ watakHshi tea . i dont

m

.

.

kamaimasen

.

fca

nan

mo

to

.

.

own

your

.

wa

dake $h'>te no atanui [frighten

business

no

jihun ireba

no

Misinform ed nwcMnafin koto to be in wo oshierareru [to bo taught .

hai

oe Hies

too

away tlie own head]

.

.

something wrong] Misjudge v. t. mi-sokonau Mislay oki-wasiire'ru

Mislead (puritosely) damasH to be misled (purposely) da-

masarrru

;

(

misinformed)

machifiatta koto ivo oslmiare'ru

Miss (to m... a train) norisokonan- (to m... meeting a peixm) iki-chigai ni nam 1 m...e(l the train kls/ia ni

koto

jibun

ii;

1

nuri-aokonaiiiiasltiUi m...ed him (failed him) meet iki-chigai iturintashita

to ni

on yoiif Mine wntakiinhi no th:it i.* m... swe wa watakihhi no desu Mine (pit) kozan

my pencil empitsU I m... ga niir-nckn varimashita one panel is m...iiic nimo-

Minister (cabinet) daijin; (diplomatic) koshi; (religious) bokushi after Minute /u«; certain

there :ue

numerals -pun ip-pun 1 m .

m. m.

3

6

10 ni.

.

.

.

.

.

.8 .8 .8

sam-pun Top-pun jip-pun ju-ip-pun, etc. .s.' iku-fun?

II m. .8, etc. how many m. .

.

wont be cone am... sugu ni kacite fiinasH [I will be back soon]

See TIME Mischief itazura

o txiike nasai

never

110

an/ita

I

you don't forget k-itto m wasurete iva ike-nai the step dan ni ki too m

totte

omoiia-imi

.

m

wo

not m... what his |i;ir(Mitss,iy oi/n no iu koto wo rhilld 7IIO kiku-vai tlit> cold at all I don't m.

omoi-dashimasu what brought it to your m. .? nan de sonna koto wo omoi-

Isukeru; ni/kanuiu

dozo shio

s.ilt.'

ku(ln.te no atanui [frighten

business

no

jihun ireba

no

Misinform ed nwcMnafin koto to be in wo oshierareru [to bo taught .

hai

oe Hies

too

away tlie own head]

.

.

something wrong] Misjudge v. t. mi-sokonau Mislay oki-wasiire'ru

Mislead (puritosely) damasH to be misled (purposely) da-

masarrru

;

(

misinformed)

machifiatta koto ivo oslmiare'ru

Miss (to m... a train) norisokonan- (to m... meeting a peixm) iki-chigai ni nam 1 m...e(l the train kls/ia ni

koto

jibun

ii;

1

nuri-aokonaiiiiasltiUi m...ed him (failed him) meet iki-chigai iturintashita

to ni

on yoiif Mine wntakiinhi no th:it i.* m... swe wa watakihhi no desu Mine (pit) kozan

my pencil empitsU I m... ga niir-nckn varimashita one panel is m...iiic nimo-

Minister (cabinet) daijin; (diplomatic) koshi; (religious) bokushi after Minute /u«; certain

there :ue

numerals -pun ip-pun 1 m .

m. m.

3

6

10 ni.

.

.

.

.

.

.8 .8 .8

sam-pun Top-pun jip-pun ju-ip-pun, etc. .s.' iku-fun?

II m. .8, etc. how many m. .

.

wont be cone am... sugu ni kacite fiinasH [I will be back soon]

See TIME Mischief itazura

o txiike nasai

never

110

an/ita

I

you don't forget k-itto m wasurete iva ike-nai the step dan ni ki too m

totte

omoiia-imi

.

m

wo

not m... what his |i;ir(Mitss,iy oi/n no iu koto wo rhilld 7IIO kiku-vai tlit> cold at all I don't m.

omoi-dashimasu what brought it to your m. .? nan de sonna koto wo omoi-

Isukeru; ni/kanuiu

dozo shio

s.ilt.'

ku(ln.ne kane wa inni nwHe imasen .

.

m...

expecting

morrow

to-

kane ga kuru desho be hard up for m... kane ni komatte iru out of m. kane §a nai to gain kane wo moashita

tva

to

.

ke'ru to lose

m m .

.

.

.

. .

.

kane wo son

iiur»

man

that

m

.

.

.

barjflre

is

free

ano hUo ga

with his kane-

wa

ii

there's m... niokaru.

in

it

is

more precious than the

2 3 4 5 6

.

am

.

tuttoi

1

will

I

soula for m. . Amida yoii kane no hikari Lthe glitter of gold

ga

m

.-lender kane-kashi; (usurious) kori-kashi

I

.

no hlKafi

nue-gane;

.

.

when work

decisions of even Hejl itsell can be influenced by money] people are willing to sell

komakai kane

.

.

glory

of

the

Kternal Buddha] it is simply a question

.

counterfeit nise-kin

.

shimaeba

m... can do anything ^ojhi no sata mo kane shidai [the

refulgent

.

.

.

the

nai

.

.

m

shite

kane too a,genm>i(i, you can't get it for love nor m. kiisuri ni shitakiite mo

.

small

wo

shigoto

a m... (soon) s^/j/m nl, sudden result) soba kara wait am... chotto inatte kurc from the ni I arrived kimnshiUi toki kara the m he comes'let me know ano hito ga kitara sugu ni shinisete o kure I am expecliiiK him every m inui tura ka oma kuru ka to matte iinasu

.

Model (example) tehon; (imitation of a structure on a

m

thita

1

m

in (a

it

.

kata-toki

for the iyna wa

Mix mazeru .

m

Moment

169

m... -changer ryogac-ya

See Mr.

Misunderstand (something saia)

m

you have made a great

Moment

kane ga

7

8 9 10

.

.

.

sen sen sen sen sen sen sen sen sen

is-sen

ni-sen

san-sen shi-sen; yon-ten

go-sen roku-sen n/iichi-sen;

nana-ten

has-sen ku-sen: kyU-ten

.=en )i>f-sen

11 sen 20 sen 40 sen 70 sen sen 1

of

kane shidai da

ju-is-gen ni-jis-sen yon-jis-sen; shi-jit-aen nana-jis-scn; shichi-ju-

yen ichi-yen

2 yen ni-yen 3 yen san-yen 4 yen yo-yen 5 yen etc. go-yen etc.* See note on n&t page Monkey saru Monopoly sembai; (exchiaivo right of sale) gembai-ken to monopolise (by buying ap) kai-skimierv,

Mission

168

Mission (religioufl Institution) dendokai m. ..ary senkyoshi

Mist Mri Mistake machigai torn... (trans.) to rn

.

.

machigaeru

tori-c/iirjae'ru

to

make a

m

.

sokonau in writing In seeing

mi-sokmmu, etc. I have made machigaimasMta is there no m .

m.

a

.

arimasen kaf anybody can make am... dare ni de mo machigai wa

am

no

is

m.

.

.

I

some

m

.

.

.

it

ka

jtani

machigai desho may be m...n watakfishi no machigai ka mo shirema-

sen

you

m...n

are

desu

.

.

shita

man called, if I m. not Suzuki Suzuki to ka iu hito he was angry and no m okolta no okora nai no )a nai f\'is,HT San: Sama (more polite) a

.

.

.

.

Tanabe Tanabe San

Alistress (wife of the master of the liouse) oku-san; (of an inn, etc) o kami san; (teacher) sensei; (paramour)

mekake

about

machigai hxl nai fs

.

Mr.

machigai

.

«'«

there

machigai no nai yd ni I ni not he said he would come kun( to ka lirm-

rAachigau;

.

.

to make am... kaki- sokonau to make a m.

there

you have m ... n the day hi uo machigaemashita in order to prevent m...8 if

compounds)

(in

mistook A for B 4 wo fi to machigaeniashUa I mistook what you said kiki-

I

chigaemashitu

the meaning imi wo

.

Atolst

o machigai

kiki-chigae-ru : (sometliing written ) omoi-chigaeru

mazete o kure m. .ed (confused) maze-koze dont m them up mazekoze ni shUe um ike-nai .

.

.

.

.

6-machigai desu excuse me but I think you are n shiUUrei desu ga

m

.

.

.

ajuita ga machigatte irass/taru

yo desH was a m... on my part watakushi no machigai de-

it

Moat

.

hori

small scale) hina-gata Moderate ii-kagen na; (mediocre) nanii no; (of. price)

kukko na ly kanari .

.

.

took this by m... kore Modem kinsei no W6 ton-chigaemashiia m times kinsei perhaps somelwdy has taken Modest (not boastful) kenson it by m... for his own na; (of a «oman) otonashii dare ka yibun no to machigaeU Moist shimeppoi .

motte

itta

no detho

.

.

torn.

.

.

.

(at

.

present)

.

.

.

.

.

Monopoly you will get your you have done

.

Monday geUuyo-bi Money kane; oashi paper m.. sotsrt ready m. genkin

m

.

.

.

m

.

ni.

their

you lend me a little ni... please.? kane wo sukoshi kashite kudusaimasen

ka.'

.en shimtsu.

have np m . with >ne kane wa inni nwHe imasen .

.

m...

expecting

morrow

to-

kane ga kuru desho be hard up for m... kane ni komatte iru out of m. kane §a nai to gain kane wo moashita

tva

to

.

ke'ru to lose

m m .

.

.

.

. .

.

kane wo son

iiur»

man

that

m

.

.

.

barjflre

is

free

ano hUo ga

with his kane-

wa

ii

there's m... niokaru.

in

it

is

more precious than the

2 3 4 5 6

.

am

.

tuttoi

1

will

I

soula for m. . Amida yoii kane no hikari Lthe glitter of gold

ga

m

.-lender kane-kashi; (usurious) kori-kashi

I

.

no hlKafi

nue-gane;

.

.

when work

decisions of even Hejl itsell can be influenced by money] people are willing to sell

komakai kane

.

.

glory

of

the

Kternal Buddha] it is simply a question

.

counterfeit nise-kin

.

shimaeba

m... can do anything ^ojhi no sata mo kane shidai [the

refulgent

.

.

.

the

nai

.

.

m

shite

kane too a,genm>i(i, you can't get it for love nor m. kiisuri ni shitakiite mo

.

small

wo

shigoto

a m... (soon) s^/j/m nl, sudden result) soba kara wait am... chotto inatte kurc from the ni I arrived kimnshiUi toki kara the m he comes'let me know ano hito ga kitara sugu ni shinisete o kure I am expecliiiK him every m inui tura ka oma kuru ka to matte iinasu

.

Model (example) tehon; (imitation of a structure on a

m

thita

1

m

in (a

it

.

kata-toki

for the iyna wa

Mix mazeru .

m

Moment

169

m... -changer ryogac-ya

See Mr.

Misunderstand (something saia)

m

you have made a great

Moment

kane ga

7

8 9 10

.

.

.

sen sen sen sen sen sen sen sen sen

is-sen

ni-sen

san-sen shi-sen; yon-ten

go-sen roku-sen n/iichi-sen;

nana-ten

has-sen ku-sen: kyU-ten

.=en )i>f-sen

11 sen 20 sen 40 sen 70 sen sen 1

of

kane shidai da

ju-is-gen ni-jis-sen yon-jis-sen; shi-jit-aen nana-jis-scn; shichi-ju-

yen ichi-yen

2 yen ni-yen 3 yen san-yen 4 yen yo-yen 5 yen etc. go-yen etc.* See note on n&t page Monkey saru Monopoly sembai; (exchiaivo right of sale) gembai-ken to monopolise (by buying ap) kai-skimierv,

Month Month

m

m

2 m.

7

m.

m m m

.

.

.

s? iku-tsHJn t

.

.3

.

.8

.

.

8

.

.

.

s

mu'tsuki nana-tsuki

quantity) motto; (the greater quantity) yokei

m m m

8 m. .8 ua-tsuki 9 m...s ]fco/bo7io-teM/ti

once 7)io ichi-do mo sukoshi a little one mo hitotsft two yen m... 7no 7ii-yen we sliall need tliree m.

.

m. m.

10 11

.8 to-tsuki

.

.8, etc. ju-icAt-ifca-tetU-i,

m.

.

.

kongetsu

.

m...

m

next

m

.

.

.

.

m

.

.

.

on

.

.

full-m

.

I

m

.

.

.

.

.

kara wo iremasH ilsit

.

ra

.

.

kugi ga iriniasH tliere

getsu

.

nails

nuMo

room

m

are some waUikiixhi no .

.

.

in

my

hcya ni

mada

half-m.». hangetsn new-m mikazuki .

.

arimfisil any m... (in aff. sentences) mada; (in neg. sentences)

.

-light tsidi-kage nigiit teiifri-yo

mo with

m... -light

neg.

—

• The coins in common use are copper 5 rin, 1 sen, 2 sen; aickel: 5 sen; silver: 10 sen, )iO sen, bO sen. Bank notes: 1 yen. 5 yen, 10 yen, etc : in travelling in the interior do not take larger notes than 10 yen.

—

:

;

APPROXIMATE EQtnTALENTS.

Japan

= 100 »en = 10 rin

1 1

U.S. A

G. Britain

1 Tin

$en

yen

= =

=

1/40 d J4 28

d

have you any ra arimasu ka? have not any arimasen

I don't

want

masen no m...

mo

= = =

t/20 cent cent 0.50

i

Germany

=

= =

1/5 pf

2 pf 2

mk

Franc© =::

= =

mada

. .»

.

.

ni...

.

mo

mo

iri-

. .

mo

ari-

I shall do it no shiTnasen I can say no m...

m...

mo

masen

m. 20 persons or m. is

.

omdke ni

. .

.

ni-ju-nin

and m... wuwV-nuisfi the m. the better oi hodo

ni...

.

Hc 2>s c

2,50 fr

.

ii

m... or

m

.

.

less gurai; tasho

or

.

yona m. or .

.

.

I

think

I

like it

.

.

it

over

omoeba

ii

think

over understand it

I

I

it

kan'iaeru hodo uxtkarn-tiaku narimasii m... tlian 10 yen ju^en ijo no_m... than 30 persons sanjH-nin yori yokei wa nai I have ni... apples than pears nashi yori ringo ga takiisan arinutsu apples tlian you I have m. anota yori ringo ga takman ahrmisi) of that kind there are than oi the otliers sono hO ga ox .

.

m

m

.

.

.

.

.

enough

than

hodo

how much

.

is

.

.

.

.

.

.

Morning asa; (forenoon) hiru mae; gozen thLs m... kesa; koncho to-morrow m myiJasa early in the

amaru

have you

mo dono gurai arimasu ka f

?

.

.

m

.

.

.

.

.

asa fuiyaku

from m till niglit asa kara ban made good m Itnyo m. sun asa-ld the next m (after that) Umgi no asa

m

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

-glory asngao

Mortgage teito ni sura Mosquito ka ni -net kaya to be bitt«n by am... ha .

.

ni sasare nt to hang up a m... net Aaya tiX) tsuru there is a hole in my m... net ko'ja vi nvn ga arimasH .Most .

toit'i

tiiujiii:

ni. /ton

.

of the

books taigai no

at tile m oki'ite mo; seizei 10 minutes at m... seizei jip-pun to make the m. . . of it dekiru .

.

.

dake t.tvkan

m.

.

.

m

the

likely taigai .

.

.

beautiful

woman

Yokohama Yokoliama han kirei na onna I understand m of .

.

.

in

d« idii-

it

taigai

U'akannias/iita

m.

.

.ly taigai

which box

m

mo siiioskiki

nothing m to be said about it mo o yoshi nasai don't use m... than necessary yokei ni tsukatte wa

.

less correct taigai ii

. .

the m... the omou hodo the the less kangaerebd

m m

the same onafi

less

ctirefu]

tsuketc o Icure

.

mo nani

iemasen

and what

be m... there

iketruisen

witli lies.

no m...

there are

Most wo

m

I

amari .

.

mada want some

171

.

man^etsu

.

.

.

kuruma mu san-^i

men.'!

More

mo

(left)

tsiiki-^aku

Monument kinen-hi Moon toiAri; o Uuki sama;

.

m...

m

salary gekkyu

.

.

motto shoku-nin ka! some (in addition) motta;

.

Monthly mai-tsuki

m... courses

.

dochira no hako ga yokei hairu daro? still m. motta when are you going to put

.

m

.

.

box holds the m.

which

.

hajime the beginning of this kongetsu tw hajime the end of a m. . tsfiki-ztte

m

.

rikishas iriinnsu

sengetsO.

raigetsA after next saraigetsu the beginning of a teu^-i. .

.

.

.

.

etc.

thi8 last

nan-ji

Moral

.

.

no de wa

tsuki

eclipse of the m. .. gesshoku (relating morals) to dotokujo no; (virtuous) katai More (additional) mo: (a greater

fiUa-Uuki mi-tsuki

..3 t/o-tsuki s itsu-tsUki

.

.

what time does the m...

rise.?

desO kaf

hito-tsuhi

. .

.

3 m. 4 5 6

at

tsUki; getsU

how many 1

Mere

170

holds

dono hako ni rimasii kat

the

ichi-ban

ra... hat-

Month Month

m

m

2 m.

7

m.

m m m

.

.

.

s? iku-tsHJn t

.

.3

.

.8

.

.

8

.

.

.

s

mu'tsuki nana-tsuki

quantity) motto; (the greater quantity) yokei

m m m

8 m. .8 ua-tsuki 9 m...s ]fco/bo7io-teM/ti

once 7)io ichi-do mo sukoshi a little one mo hitotsft two yen m... 7no 7ii-yen we sliall need tliree m.

.

m. m.

10 11

.8 to-tsuki

.

.8, etc. ju-icAt-ifca-tetU-i,

m.

.

.

kongetsu

.

m...

m

next

m

.

.

.

.

m

.

.

.

on

.

.

full-m

.

I

m

.

.

.

.

.

kara wo iremasH ilsit

.

ra

.

.

kugi ga iriniasH tliere

getsu

.

nails

nuMo

room

m

are some waUikiixhi no .

.

.

in

my

hcya ni

mada

half-m.». hangetsn new-m mikazuki .

.

arimfisil any m... (in aff. sentences) mada; (in neg. sentences)

.

-light tsidi-kage nigiit teiifri-yo

mo with

m... -light

neg.

—

• The coins in common use are copper 5 rin, 1 sen, 2 sen; aickel: 5 sen; silver: 10 sen, )iO sen, bO sen. Bank notes: 1 yen. 5 yen, 10 yen, etc : in travelling in the interior do not take larger notes than 10 yen.

—

:

;

APPROXIMATE EQtnTALENTS.

Japan

= 100 »en = 10 rin

1 1

U.S. A

G. Britain

1 Tin

$en

yen

= =

=

1/40 d J4 28

d

have you any ra arimasu ka? have not any arimasen

I don't

want

masen no m...

mo

= = =

t/20 cent cent 0.50

i

Germany

=

= =

1/5 pf

2 pf 2

mk

Franc© =::

= =

mada

. .»

.

.

ni...

.

mo

mo

iri-

. .

mo

ari-

I shall do it no shiTnasen I can say no m...

m...

mo

masen

m. 20 persons or m. is

.

omdke ni

. .

.

ni-ju-nin

and m... wuwV-nuisfi the m. the better oi hodo

ni...

.

Hc 2>s c

2,50 fr

.

ii

m... or

m

.

.

less gurai; tasho

or

.

yona m. or .

.

.

I

think

I

like it

.

.

it

over

omoeba

ii

think

over understand it

I

I

it

kan'iaeru hodo uxtkarn-tiaku narimasii m... tlian 10 yen ju^en ijo no_m... than 30 persons sanjH-nin yori yokei wa nai I have ni... apples than pears nashi yori ringo ga takiisan arinutsu apples tlian you I have m. anota yori ringo ga takman ahrmisi) of that kind there are than oi the otliers sono hO ga ox .

.

m

m

.

.

.

.

.

enough

than

hodo

how much

.

is

.

.

.

.

.

.

Morning asa; (forenoon) hiru mae; gozen thLs m... kesa; koncho to-morrow m myiJasa early in the

amaru

have you

mo dono gurai arimasu ka f

?

.

.

m

.

.

.

.

.

asa fuiyaku

from m till niglit asa kara ban made good m Itnyo m. sun asa-ld the next m (after that) Umgi no asa

m

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

-glory asngao

Mortgage teito ni sura Mosquito ka ni -net kaya to be bitt«n by am... ha .

.

ni sasare nt to hang up a m... net Aaya tiX) tsuru there is a hole in my m... net ko'ja vi nvn ga arimasH .Most .

toit'i

tiiujiii:

ni. /ton

.

of the

books taigai no

at tile m oki'ite mo; seizei 10 minutes at m... seizei jip-pun to make the m. . . of it dekiru .

.

.

dake t.tvkan

m.

.

.

m

the

likely taigai .

.

.

beautiful

woman

Yokohama Yokoliama han kirei na onna I understand m of .

.

.

in

d« idii-

it

taigai

U'akannias/iita

m.

.

.ly taigai

which box

m

mo siiioskiki

nothing m to be said about it mo o yoshi nasai don't use m... than necessary yokei ni tsukatte wa

.

less correct taigai ii

. .

the m... the omou hodo the the less kangaerebd

m m

the same onafi

less

ctirefu]

tsuketc o Icure

.

mo nani

iemasen

and what

be m... there

iketruisen

witli lies.

no m...

there are

Most wo

m

I

amari .

.

mada want some

171

.

man^etsu

.

.

.

kuruma mu san-^i

men.'!

More

mo

(left)

tsiiki-^aku

Monument kinen-hi Moon toiAri; o Uuki sama;

.

m...

m

salary gekkyu

.

.

motto shoku-nin ka! some (in addition) motta;

.

Monthly mai-tsuki

m... courses

.

dochira no hako ga yokei hairu daro? still m. motta when are you going to put

.

m

.

.

box holds the m.

which

.

hajime the beginning of this kongetsu tw hajime the end of a m. . tsfiki-ztte

m

.

rikishas iriinnsu

sengetsO.

raigetsA after next saraigetsu the beginning of a teu^-i. .

.

.

.

.

etc.

thi8 last

nan-ji

Moral

.

.

no de wa

tsuki

eclipse of the m. .. gesshoku (relating morals) to dotokujo no; (virtuous) katai More (additional) mo: (a greater

fiUa-Uuki mi-tsuki

..3 t/o-tsuki s itsu-tsUki

.

.

what time does the m...

rise.?

desO kaf

hito-tsuhi

. .

.

3 m. 4 5 6

at

tsUki; getsU

how many 1

Mere

170

holds

dono hako ni rimasii kat

the

ichi-ban

ra... hat-

Mother

o l-d-san;

haha

(this

latter term is less respectful) m... -in-law shutome manm-haha 8tep-m. .

.

.

.

ail

(of

adopted child)

yobo

grand-m ". . . o-bd-san Motion undo to have am... of the bowels tsuji ga aru ; daiben sum Motor car ji dosha 1

want go-ji

the car at five o'clock made ni jidosha ga

irimosrl I

want a car to go to A ^ made jidosha ga hoshii 1 go by car all the way to Hakoiie? Hakone made

can

jidosha de ikaranasu !:a? I want to go to A and back

A I

made ojukv sh'tUii want to drive round the town wachi-ju tvo kembutsu sh'.Vti

suppose this charge includes everything kore ni minna haitte iru no desho where is the nearest bicycle shop? chikaku no jitensha-ya uu doko drsn'f I

where 'can

I

buy some

jwtrol

(kerosene)? kihaitu-yit (sekiyH) iva doko de urhnasu ka? the tyre is punctured pank-u ga (irimasu something is wrong with the engine kikai ga do ka shite iru

Mouldy kahita to be ni to bi'cimie .

Mountain

.

.

kabite i'ru m. kabi'ru .

ynma;

(in

Fuji t'uji-san

needle a stick]

Mouse nezumi .

.

.

m

kv^hi de .

.

wate

.

yodare ya de so da Move (intr.) ugoku; (trans.) ugokasti to m... (trans.)

m

to

.

.

.

aside

dokeru back

hik-

dasU

m

.

.

.

house (ciiange one's

of residence) hikkoshi

sum I could say would him watakHshi ga ikura

nothing

m

.

.

.

itte

mo

m.. .ment undo

nabe's wifel; (referring to lower class people) Tanabe o kami-san;

(my

wife)

kanai

Much

takusan; (with an adj.) yohodo; (in neg. sentences)

amari with neg.

m m m... m .

.

.

better yohodo

.

.

.

more yohodo

.

.

.

less

com-

.

.

Si

there

.

.

m.

.

.

money

in

that

box? ano hako no naka ni

m

m

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Murder

.

wo/txiisctsu

.

.

.

desu.

to ni

m

maritnasH there is not m... difference taishita diiijai wa nai for me (beyond my too m. control) tvatakHshi no te ni

.

h'do-goroshi .

.

korosH

Museum

h(ikui>utsii-kan is it iree.' tada desu, kaf

ni

troubled about wa ko-

.

him domo ano hUo

how much is the nyujoryO wa ikura \

entrance.'

desu kaf

Mushroom matsudake Music

orif/aku

a in

very

onqaku

t/a

I

fond oi

m...

dai suki desd

.

Miiilin inosi'irin f\uit, auxiliary verb,

too m... for me (I eat all that) sore de wa i/okei dc ijozaimasii twice as m. bai hodo three times as m... san-bai hodo very (in degree) taihen; (a great deal) daibu na . aiuUa I love you very ga. taihen sUki desu very m... money daibu na is

can't

.

m

.

Muffler eri-maki

portance to) suru

that

.

.

M« taxhlka

of that I don't think so kanshin shiniasen to think m... of (attach im-

am m

sono gurai

.

doro the streets are very ni...dy michi ga doronko desu

ide nasai

1

.

Mud

.

.

.

.

is expr. by the neg. conditional fHe^cnt loll. l)y mira-ruii or tiarinuisen lor tlio 1st person, and ike-nai or ikeinusen for the liiid and Hrd pei'sons. you m... do it shi-nakereba

ike-nai

.

m

.

.

,

m

I

.

.

go ika-nakereba nara-

.

nai I

have some business which I m do shi-nakereba nara.

.

.

yoppudo iu:u

nai ydji ya aru the wick of this lamp m... be trimmed ramjw no ghinwo

I feel very ra . . better tothen yoku narimashUa not m... ntiviri foil, by neg

m... be otf now mv ikanakereba ruiriinasen I m... see about that sore

m

.

.

.

i)etter

I utiUts;,i yori

at

it

than

kira-iiakereba

da .

yohodo siikunai is

m

.

m

sore mita koto ka; so daro to onwUa this is certain sore dake

m

sore yori

than that sore yori

about tliat m 1 thought as

.

.

takHsan

yohodo siikunai

more than that less

?

as as there is aru-dake as you like bring as ikura de mo ii kara motie o-

kane he is

ti

yohodo oi .

.

.

.

amaru

Mr. San; Sama (more polite) Mr. Tanabe Tanabe San Mrs. Tanabe (politely) Tanabe Sama no okH-sama [Mr. Ta-

San no

m

(of quantity) doiw-gurai? as tliat I don't need as ni sore kodo ira-nai ... as possible dekiru-dake as

.

kikimasen

.

wa ikemasen

(of price) ikura)

m

(intr.)

you must not drink so m. beer sonna ni biiru wo rumde

haitte iinasa

kane ga tak&san

how

Must

173

kai

doku;

(intr.)

komu; (trans.) hikkomeru to m... forward (intr.) mae ye deru; mae e (trans.) to place

Much

.

Mouth kuchi by word of m makes my it

m

.

ponmls) san;-lake

Mount

make a m. . . of a moleno koto wo hill hari hodc bo hodo ni iu [to call a

to

Moth ga

m.

Much

172

Motb

I

dunt iwashi

like

sardines m... rukitnasen

wa amari

uarimasen

I

wo mite

iniiiuisho

see about that)

[1

eliall

Mother

o l-d-san;

haha

(this

latter term is less respectful) m... -in-law shutome manm-haha 8tep-m. .

.

.

.

ail

(of

adopted child)

yobo

grand-m ". . . o-bd-san Motion undo to have am... of the bowels tsuji ga aru ; daiben sum Motor car ji dosha 1

want go-ji

the car at five o'clock made ni jidosha ga

irimosrl I

want a car to go to A ^ made jidosha ga hoshii 1 go by car all the way to Hakoiie? Hakone made

can

jidosha de ikaranasu !:a? I want to go to A and back

A I

made ojukv sh'tUii want to drive round the town wachi-ju tvo kembutsu sh'.Vti

suppose this charge includes everything kore ni minna haitte iru no desho where is the nearest bicycle shop? chikaku no jitensha-ya uu doko drsn'f I

where 'can

I

buy some

jwtrol

(kerosene)? kihaitu-yit (sekiyH) iva doko de urhnasu ka? the tyre is punctured pank-u ga (irimasu something is wrong with the engine kikai ga do ka shite iru

Mouldy kahita to be ni to bi'cimie .

Mountain

.

.

kabite i'ru m. kabi'ru .

ynma;

(in

Fuji t'uji-san

needle a stick]

Mouse nezumi .

.

.

m

kv^hi de .

.

wate

.

yodare ya de so da Move (intr.) ugoku; (trans.) ugokasti to m... (trans.)

m

to

.

.

.

aside

dokeru back

hik-

dasU

m

.

.

.

house (ciiange one's

of residence) hikkoshi

sum I could say would him watakHshi ga ikura

nothing

m

.

.

.

itte

mo

m.. .ment undo

nabe's wifel; (referring to lower class people) Tanabe o kami-san;

(my

wife)

kanai

Much

takusan; (with an adj.) yohodo; (in neg. sentences)

amari with neg.

m m m... m .

.

.

better yohodo

.

.

.

more yohodo

.

.

.

less

com-

.

.

Si

there

.

.

m.

.

.

money

in

that

box? ano hako no naka ni

m

m

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Murder

.

wo/txiisctsu

.

.

.

desu.

to ni

m

maritnasH there is not m... difference taishita diiijai wa nai for me (beyond my too m. control) tvatakHshi no te ni

.

h'do-goroshi .

.

korosH

Museum

h(ikui>utsii-kan is it iree.' tada desu, kaf

ni

troubled about wa ko-

.

him domo ano hUo

how much is the nyujoryO wa ikura \

entrance.'

desu kaf

Mushroom matsudake Music

orif/aku

a in

very

onqaku

t/a

I

fond oi

m...

dai suki desd

.

Miiilin inosi'irin f\uit, auxiliary verb,

too m... for me (I eat all that) sore de wa i/okei dc ijozaimasii twice as m. bai hodo three times as m... san-bai hodo very (in degree) taihen; (a great deal) daibu na . aiuUa I love you very ga. taihen sUki desu very m... money daibu na is

can't

.

m

.

Muffler eri-maki

portance to) suru

that

.

.

M« taxhlka

of that I don't think so kanshin shiniasen to think m... of (attach im-

am m

sono gurai

.

doro the streets are very ni...dy michi ga doronko desu

ide nasai

1

.

Mud

.

.

.

.

is expr. by the neg. conditional fHe^cnt loll. l)y mira-ruii or tiarinuisen lor tlio 1st person, and ike-nai or ikeinusen for the liiid and Hrd pei'sons. you m... do it shi-nakereba

ike-nai

.

m

.

.

,

m

I

.

.

go ika-nakereba nara-

.

nai I

have some business which I m do shi-nakereba nara.

.

.

yoppudo iu:u

nai ydji ya aru the wick of this lamp m... be trimmed ramjw no ghinwo

I feel very ra . . better tothen yoku narimashUa not m... ntiviri foil, by neg

m... be otf now mv ikanakereba ruiriinasen I m... see about that sore

m

.

.

.

i)etter

I utiUts;,i yori

at

it

than

kira-iiakereba

da .

yohodo siikunai is

m

.

m

sore mita koto ka; so daro to onwUa this is certain sore dake

m

sore yori

than that sore yori

about tliat m 1 thought as

.

.

takHsan

yohodo siikunai

more than that less

?

as as there is aru-dake as you like bring as ikura de mo ii kara motie o-

kane he is

ti

yohodo oi .

.

.

.

amaru

Mr. San; Sama (more polite) Mr. Tanabe Tanabe San Mrs. Tanabe (politely) Tanabe Sama no okH-sama [Mr. Ta-

San no

m

(of quantity) doiw-gurai? as tliat I don't need as ni sore kodo ira-nai ... as possible dekiru-dake as

.

kikimasen

.

wa ikemasen

(of price) ikura)

m

(intr.)

you must not drink so m. beer sonna ni biiru wo rumde

haitte iinasa

kane ga tak&san

how

Must

173

kai

doku;

(intr.)

komu; (trans.) hikkomeru to m... forward (intr.) mae ye deru; mae e (trans.) to place

Much

.

Mouth kuchi by word of m makes my it

m

.

ponmls) san;-lake

Mount

make a m. . . of a moleno koto wo hill hari hodc bo hodo ni iu [to call a

to

Moth ga

m.

Much

172

Motb

I

dunt iwashi

like

sardines m... rukitnasen

wa amari

uarimasen

I

wo mite

iniiiuisho

see about that)

[1

eliall

I

look into this matter m. kono koto wa shirahele mima.

.

sho there in.., the matter

nai

change trains at Maibata? Maihara de norikaeru no desu ka* .

I

. .

m

be true honto ni chigai nai jrou be right kitio so . desho belong to O Yuri this m

It

.

.

.

m

.

.

.

.

.

San kore wa

O I'un San

no

desho be some mistake there m. nani ka machiuai desho m... 1 take? which road .

.

dono

micJii

wo

ikeba ii des/to ? siikoshi

you ni rest awhile yasumi nasai .

It

m

.

so pretty that

is .

.

.

buy

.

it

I roilly amiiuiri kirn da

mo

kainuioho m... not, is expr. by the Deg. imperative,

kara do shite

m

you

.

.

.

wa

thUe

do that

no

ike-nai [don't

do

not

that]

.

.

.ly tarjai

See Si'XF

.

.

Naked hadaka nn (trans.) hadaJea to ftr.xt n ni suru; (intr.) Iiadaka ni nam suashi; feet (out of n doors) hadanhi nmppadaka stark n .

.

.

.

.

the n... eye nikugan truth sore that is the "n ga ari no nuinui no jijilsU da Name na; namae (for person's only) The .lapanese say first the tamily name (myoji) and then the i)er?onal name (na) .

.

.

Naka-

Taunbe Makoto;

e.g.:

mura lane what is your

n....»

o

namae

n

.

.

John Smith wa John Smith to

is

.

wat/ikushi

moahitnasH

know him by n... namae dake .

iinaxd

shitt-e

address

anti

.

.

namae

to

tokoro-gaki

ask for

namae

n. and address toloro-gaki wo kiite

ills

to

.

.

o kure

don't

I

know anybody

so iu na no hito n riniasen .

.

.

what

n...

the place." koko Diasu kat is

of

that

wa

ski-

wa nan

this to

ii-

a book hon no hyodai n... of (in the place yiolhiwari ni of) (reputation) cood n a hyolMU ga ii n

.

III

.

.

of

tlie

.

.

.

.

escape yaUo

.

.-minded kokoro no chiisai Nasty (of taste) mazui; (un.

na Nation kokumin; kuni pleasant) iya

n. n. n.

.

.al

.

.al

kuni no customs kuni no fH

.

.al

holiday hata-bi

Native (opp. to foreign) naichi

no n. country hono'ikn Natural ishiz.'n tiu: (le^titiniate) atarinuie no it is only n tliat .

.

— no

n...

.

.

—

.

ii-a/atJirii.irc

child

. me teatakOshi no soha ni o-ide nasai quite n jiki chikai n est ichi-ban cliikai Nearly it is n 7 o'clock m5 siikoshi de shichi-ji desa I have n... a hundred fe)tomlo hyaku arimagu died shini s5 ni he n... lUiHe imashiia I have n... finished the bouk hon wo mO sUkoshi de yonde Fliimnhnasd in... fell at this liill kono sakii (Ic k'Jivin ko ni 7tari-

Nature

(sum

of (natural

matter

tjiialities)

.

is it

it

no

tlie

jiier.'

div.ii

.

.

.

that

he

hiUi

ira

'!

nnkereba narima.

(for

.

him)

should come aiu> do s/iite tno ko-

ariniafu the post-office is n... (in the prn.\iniity of) the bank yiViin-kyokn wa gniko no kiiijo ni ariiiiaau to be ji. at h;inil (lit ^ lejika ni am; (of time) ,hika:uku

ii.

.

.

(for

me)

should come ano do shite mo kite mvraua-nnkerclHi nara-nai

that

he

hito

ni

hntoba ni

kiif

n... (beside) the dog tama wa inu no s^)a ni is

.

II

it is al)suliiti-k>isai Mutton maten; kitsuji no niku Mutual tagai no consent hanashi-ai de by ni .

tsume; Nail (of the body) (metal) kugi whi-tsuke'ru to n . up that box ano hako n. no ivta wo iwhi-tsukete o kiize to liit the II... on the bead zuboxhi wo sasii .

be something with him aru> do ka shila ni chigai

wa

hito

m

Name

174

Must

Neck kvbi; n... -cloth

tri

(Japanese)

eri-

maki n 1

. .

.

-lie fri-kazari

have a ^tiff n... watakHshi urn ne-r/iiqaihiashita

Nectarine zubai-mvtM)

Need you n

mo

.

ii

.

.

not

go ika-nakdte

I

look into this matter m. kono koto wa shirahele mima.

.

sho there in.., the matter

nai

change trains at Maibata? Maihara de norikaeru no desu ka* .

I

. .

m

be true honto ni chigai nai jrou be right kitio so . desho belong to O Yuri this m

It

.

.

.

m

.

.

.

.

.

San kore wa

O I'un San

no

desho be some mistake there m. nani ka machiuai desho m... 1 take? which road .

.

dono

micJii

wo

ikeba ii des/to ? siikoshi

you ni rest awhile yasumi nasai .

It

m

.

so pretty that

is .

.

.

buy

.

it

I roilly amiiuiri kirn da

mo

kainuioho m... not, is expr. by the Deg. imperative,

kara do shite

m

you

.

.

.

wa

thUe

do that

no

ike-nai [don't

do

not

that]

.

.

.ly tarjai

See Si'XF

.

.

Naked hadaka nn (trans.) hadaJea to ftr.xt n ni suru; (intr.) Iiadaka ni nam suashi; feet (out of n doors) hadanhi nmppadaka stark n .

.

.

.

.

the n... eye nikugan truth sore that is the "n ga ari no nuinui no jijilsU da Name na; namae (for person's only) The .lapanese say first the tamily name (myoji) and then the i)er?onal name (na) .

.

.

Naka-

Taunbe Makoto;

e.g.:

mura lane what is your

n....»

o

namae

n

.

.

John Smith wa John Smith to

is

.

wat/ikushi

moahitnasH

know him by n... namae dake .

iinaxd

shitt-e

address

anti

.

.

namae

to

tokoro-gaki

ask for

namae

n. and address toloro-gaki wo kiite

ills

to

.

.

o kure

don't

I

know anybody

so iu na no hito n riniasen .

.

.

what

n...

the place." koko Diasu kat is

of

that

wa

ski-

wa nan

this to

ii-

a book hon no hyodai n... of (in the place yiolhiwari ni of) (reputation) cood n a hyolMU ga ii n

.

III

.

.

of

tlie

.

.

.

.

escape yaUo

.

.-minded kokoro no chiisai Nasty (of taste) mazui; (un.

na Nation kokumin; kuni pleasant) iya

n. n. n.

.

.al

.

.al

kuni no customs kuni no fH

.

.al

holiday hata-bi

Native (opp. to foreign) naichi

no n. country hono'ikn Natural ishiz.'n tiu: (le^titiniate) atarinuie no it is only n tliat .

.

— no

n...

.

.

—

.

ii-a/atJirii.irc

child

. me teatakOshi no soha ni o-ide nasai quite n jiki chikai n est ichi-ban cliikai Nearly it is n 7 o'clock m5 siikoshi de shichi-ji desa I have n... a hundred fe)tomlo hyaku arimagu died shini s5 ni he n... lUiHe imashiia I have n... finished the bouk hon wo mO sUkoshi de yonde Fliimnhnasd in... fell at this liill kono sakii (Ic k'Jivin ko ni 7tari-

Nature

(sum

of (natural

matter

tjiialities)

.

is it

it

no

tlie

jiier.'

div.ii

.

.

.

that

he

hiUi

ira

'!

nnkereba narima.

(for

.

him)

should come aiu> do s/iite tno ko-

ariniafu the post-office is n... (in the prn.\iniity of) the bank yiViin-kyokn wa gniko no kiiijo ni ariiiiaau to be ji. at h;inil (lit ^ lejika ni am; (of time) ,hika:uku

ii.

.

.

(for

me)

should come ano do shite mo kite mvraua-nnkerclHi nara-nai

that

he

hito

ni

hntoba ni

kiif

n... (beside) the dog tama wa inu no s^)a ni is

.

II

it is al)suliiti-k>isai Mutton maten; kitsuji no niku Mutual tagai no consent hanashi-ai de by ni .

tsume; Nail (of the body) (metal) kugi whi-tsuke'ru to n . up that box ano hako n. no ivta wo iwhi-tsukete o kiize to liit the II... on the bead zuboxhi wo sasii .

be something with him aru> do ka shila ni chigai

wa

hito

m

Name

174

Must

Neck kvbi; n... -cloth

tri

(Japanese)

eri-

maki n 1

. .

.

-lie fri-kazari

have a ^tiff n... watakHshi urn ne-r/iiqaihiashita

Nectarine zubai-mvtM)

Need you n

mo

.

ii

.

.

not

go ika-nakdte

Need

176

you n.

.

not ran

.

mo

nakUte

you n

away

niffe-

ii

medicine A-««Mrt tco noma-nakereba i/remnsen In. it very much nah-ereba .

.

.

.

n

.

mo .

.

N^iect

V. t. okotani n... one's duties gimu teo ckoinru to n one's health luyojo guru Negro kuroTnbo

to

.

.

.

Neighbour tonari no n. .ing kinjo no Neighbourhood kinjo

htto

.

do you know the n... of Hakoue? Hakone no kinjo

wo

imam

shitte

n

the

in

.

.

.

.

.

.

ka?

kono kinjo ni

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

too

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Kobe ni iUa masen 1 shall n.

.

tea

.

wa mo

it

mo

again

hesshite

kane

mo

haravxi-zu shina-

kaesa-tiai

want an... one

n.

eggs

.

class

it-to

e

n.

latest skirase

no

.

.

N I

ka?

understood

[hadn't it

until

no

taikin

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Japan> Eiji shimbim; (from England) IgirisU no shimbun New Year skinmn

Tnaaen

desldta

alarastni

umiiate

have you any n ? betsU ni nani mo arimasen deshUa ka? I have good n for you anata ni ii koto ga arimasH Newspaper shimbun English n (printed in

.

.

's

. .

.

's

.

.

's

.

.

day

ganjitsd

N

wLsh you a happy o

medeto

.

.

gozai-

masa

been there until lately konaida hajimete ikimashita if you put it in that place ft will u. ge( hot ioko de «M n

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

M

tei-

.

.

.»

.

.

.

one

sore ja nai, sono tonari desfi n. to y0n? nnata no tonari wa dare deshUaf

who was n

.

.

mouth

.

.

.

raigetsii

n year rainen sarainen the year after n . n . door tonari n to nothing goku sUkoshi Nice (pleasurable) omoshiroi; (of .

.

.

.

.

.

.

persons) ii; (kind) skinsetsU na; (of eatables) umai; (pretty) kirei na that was not n of you sore wa yoku nai desho this will do n...ly kore de .

.

kekko desa

sweep and tidy the garden n ly niwa wo kirei ni soji .

.

.

shi nasai Niece met Night yoru; yo

t(>n

.

konya; komban sakuban; yube

.

.

n the n

last

.

.

.

before last issakuban

.

.

.

to-morrow n .

.

.

.

.

myoban

yo^naka

.

good n (on retiring) o yasumi nasmi long yo-jU all n hito-ban; (a certain one n ) aru ban n yoru at n mai-ban every n train yo-gisha the n to work day and n. . .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

shaba the u day tsugi no u . . . week tsugi no shUkan .

.

.

ni o-ide nasai not that one the n

.

Next tsugi no the u station tsugi no .

.

we do n konda wa nani wo shimashof what n ? (after that) sore kara ? (now) konda wa f come n. Monday getsHyo-bi

mJdn

eve o-nnsoka no ban gift o toshidama

akemashite

.

.

the

N N

.

shall

.

ttimago shirage

you n... understand it before.' ima tnade wakari-

liad

.•laid

.

time tsugi ni; kondo

.

what

.

no desa

no ga hoshii

.

did

1

.

.

In... ride first wa norimasen

you

atarashii n. .? ataraskii

.

the n place (in enumeration) tsugi ni wa

.

kaf I

kaeri-

now.?!

.

mxmo mo Nephew oi

.

. !

News

he went out and n... returned ano hiio wa deta kiri ka'rimasen J n tell a lie (a protest) kesshile uso wo iimasen .

is it

ari-

go back to Eng-

.

land Igirim e

mxmen I will do

koto

.

New

.

.

mind (dont worry) kamawa-rmi de; (it doesn't matter) kamaimasen .

.

.

.

.

it]

well I n . mA\ Nevertheless keredotno

n ity chUritsn Never I have n seen the Emperor Tenno Beika wo mita koto wa arimasen I have n been to Kobe

.

paid the price nor returned the goods ano fiUo .

.

.

n.

koto ga nai

n

Neutral churitsU no

shi-nui

he n

.

.

mitmkerare-nai

you have not a whatever you do you

In... saw such a silly book konna baka na hon wa mita

.

.

Wfht

in

[if

light will not find

spirit]

of boxes ire-ko

iUishininsen

1 want n dochira mo iranai n, is good dochira mo yoku nai n good nor bad yoku mo tvaruk-u mo nai tliere were n fleas nor mosquitoes nomi mo ka mo imasen desMta lie n. saw por heard anything mi ma ihi-nai kiki mo .

[we^k

nori-

.

mo

desho

tvatakHshi

Net ami mosquito-n kaya Nett n weight shomi-mekata n proceeds iun-eki n pric« seika

Neither

.

lev-

shiie

ki ga youxii

an...

Tokyo Tokyo

of

no kinjo ni in this n

agitated)

(easily

Nest su

.

See WANT Needle hari n -work hari-shigoto .

itsa made mo atsUku masen

you'll n find it without . a light akari ga nakereba do .

am an... man wa

masaka no

. .

desi'i

na

yotva I

another chair isu ga hitoUu irirriasH

.

Nervous

.

in time of toki ni

I n

daitan

177

Never

Nerve skinkei he has a great deal of n...

.

komarimasU

Never

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

mo

yoru

mo

hataraku

Mm

Need

176

you n.

.

not ran

.

mo

nakUte

you n

away

niffe-

ii

medicine A-««Mrt tco noma-nakereba i/remnsen In. it very much nah-ereba .

.

.

.

n

.

mo .

.

N^iect

V. t. okotani n... one's duties gimu teo ckoinru to n one's health luyojo guru Negro kuroTnbo

to

.

.

.

Neighbour tonari no n. .ing kinjo no Neighbourhood kinjo

htto

.

do you know the n... of Hakoue? Hakone no kinjo

wo

imam

shitte

n

the

in

.

.

.

.

.

.

ka?

kono kinjo ni

.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

.

.

.

too

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Kobe ni iUa masen 1 shall n.

.

tea

.

wa mo

it

mo

again

hesshite

kane

mo

haravxi-zu shina-

kaesa-tiai

want an... one

n.

eggs

.

class

it-to

e

n.

latest skirase

no

.

.

N I

ka?

understood

[hadn't it

until

no

taikin

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Japan> Eiji shimbim; (from England) IgirisU no shimbun New Year skinmn

Tnaaen

desldta

alarastni

umiiate

have you any n ? betsU ni nani mo arimasen deshUa ka? I have good n for you anata ni ii koto ga arimasH Newspaper shimbun English n (printed in

.

.

's

. .

.

's

.

.

's

.

.

day

ganjitsd

N

wLsh you a happy o

medeto

.

.

gozai-

masa

been there until lately konaida hajimete ikimashita if you put it in that place ft will u. ge( hot ioko de «M n

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

M

tei-

.

.

.»

.

.

.

one

sore ja nai, sono tonari desfi n. to y0n? nnata no tonari wa dare deshUaf

who was n

.

.

mouth

.

.

.

raigetsii

n year rainen sarainen the year after n . n . door tonari n to nothing goku sUkoshi Nice (pleasurable) omoshiroi; (of .

.

.

.

.

.

.

persons) ii; (kind) skinsetsU na; (of eatables) umai; (pretty) kirei na that was not n of you sore wa yoku nai desho this will do n...ly kore de .

.

kekko desa

sweep and tidy the garden n ly niwa wo kirei ni soji .

.

.

shi nasai Niece met Night yoru; yo

t(>n

.

konya; komban sakuban; yube

.

.

n the n

last

.

.

.

before last issakuban

.

.

.

to-morrow n .

.

.

.

.

myoban

yo^naka

.

good n (on retiring) o yasumi nasmi long yo-jU all n hito-ban; (a certain one n ) aru ban n yoru at n mai-ban every n train yo-gisha the n to work day and n. . .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

shaba the u day tsugi no u . . . week tsugi no shUkan .

.

.

ni o-ide nasai not that one the n

.

Next tsugi no the u station tsugi no .

.

we do n konda wa nani wo shimashof what n ? (after that) sore kara ? (now) konda wa f come n. Monday getsHyo-bi

mJdn

eve o-nnsoka no ban gift o toshidama

akemashite

.

.

the

N N

.

shall

.

ttimago shirage

you n... understand it before.' ima tnade wakari-

liad

.•laid

.

time tsugi ni; kondo

.

what

.

no desa

no ga hoshii

.

did

1

.

.

In... ride first wa norimasen

you

atarashii n. .? ataraskii

.

the n place (in enumeration) tsugi ni wa

.

kaf I

kaeri-

now.?!

.

mxmo mo Nephew oi

.

. !

News

he went out and n... returned ano hiio wa deta kiri ka'rimasen J n tell a lie (a protest) kesshile uso wo iimasen .

is it

ari-

go back to Eng-

.

land Igirim e

mxmen I will do

koto

.

New

.

.

mind (dont worry) kamawa-rmi de; (it doesn't matter) kamaimasen .

.

.

.

.

it]

well I n . mA\ Nevertheless keredotno

n ity chUritsn Never I have n seen the Emperor Tenno Beika wo mita koto wa arimasen I have n been to Kobe

.

paid the price nor returned the goods ano fiUo .

.

.

n.

koto ga nai

n

Neutral churitsU no

shi-nui

he n

.

.

mitmkerare-nai

you have not a whatever you do you

In... saw such a silly book konna baka na hon wa mita

.

.

Wfht

in

[if

light will not find

spirit]

of boxes ire-ko

iUishininsen

1 want n dochira mo iranai n, is good dochira mo yoku nai n good nor bad yoku mo tvaruk-u mo nai tliere were n fleas nor mosquitoes nomi mo ka mo imasen desMta lie n. saw por heard anything mi ma ihi-nai kiki mo .

[we^k

nori-

.

mo

desho

tvatakHshi

Net ami mosquito-n kaya Nett n weight shomi-mekata n proceeds iun-eki n pric« seika

Neither

.

lev-

shiie

ki ga youxii

an...

Tokyo Tokyo

of

no kinjo ni in this n

agitated)

(easily

Nest su

.

See WANT Needle hari n -work hari-shigoto .

itsa made mo atsUku masen

you'll n find it without . a light akari ga nakereba do .

am an... man wa

masaka no

. .

desi'i

na

yotva I

another chair isu ga hitoUu irirriasH

.

Nervous

.

in time of toki ni

I n

daitan

177

Never

Nerve skinkei he has a great deal of n...

.

komarimasU

Never

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

mo

yoru

mo

hataraku

Mm

to pass an... at ni/tomaru n... -dress nemaki mare kawai yuvu n mare kowai to have a n Ifume wo mi'ru B. .ly mai-ban Nine kokonotsU; ku; kokono; kono .

.

n. 1

.

.

.

.

.

No

Nose

178

Night

tie

knows dare mo

. .

have met n . aimasen

n.

.

hUn bakari

Noise

(sound)

mo

there shira(row)

oto;

.

.

ano

. .*

moto . .

have no time

I

Mma

mo (ja

(foil,

there is n. . nai there are n... left .

have no more mn arimasen there were no oranges in the market (not even one) ifhii)fi ni tea littotnu ma mikan ya arimaxen deslt'iia I«_ ca.-;es like this lari-keshr'ai

mnke to kcshirae'ru

1

my

my

boy to bring bouts boi ni kutsu uo

o...i:d

yo ni ii-tsukekur^x mashila in o... sorotte i'ru; k) be i'ru; katazuite (arranged) niotte

totonoUe i'ru tliesb

koru)

put

loom

tlie

wo

books are not in o... hon wa soroUi i-nai

heya

o...

ill

kaUtzukete o kt^re out of o... (t^ngs)

bo

i^ni; (ninch;r!*ry) wnrni; kuriUte i'ru of o. (machi>ja variiku varu-

aorniie

jun ni

.

chOmon wo

w

when

.

.

to

an o... chUmon

'.'

be wiU go to

(for ser-

(to

n^rtccl

.

three persons ni-san-

niH

.

jun;

shima^tho want to

.

this or that kore ka are ka is it good or bad.' ii ka warui

two or

in rcmilnr o.

I

anange the books in hon ivo jun ni narabci.kudaxai to put in o... katazuke ru; please

tototioeru

(seiiuencc)

chumon; goods) vants) ii-tsuke I will give

Other

o.

Orange mikan

nial^mei)t aiiai

no

yakOsoku Privy bcnjo; hnbakari wherH is the p....« benjo tea doko rfwii k(tf Prize (reward) /lobi to p... (value highly) daiji ni sum; diincho mru Probable I think it «o daro is p...

ommmaiH

hi p.

.y will

.

come to-morrow

tdbun myonichi hum desho he has p. .y arrived by now md Onuta dnro Procure cru; tori-yosR'ru dasi'i; Produce (tr. exhibit) .

.

*

.

.

.

.

small rieki

Li

ga

and so to

to be ile^nai

touched)

mono

a p... room (into which you must not go) haiUe wa ikenai hcya

.

.

.

Progress n. susumi Promise yahisok-u to break a p... too yaburu to keep a p...

.

.

.

.

.

.

ni ima ni suru

nigeyo

natte

must keep you

I

p... zehi

to

.

fo

your

yakusoku-dori ni nara-

shite moratoa-nakereba

nai verbal p kudii-^i/akHsoku p... in .writing shomon to p.. . ydkiisokti sum I can not p . it yakiisoku ga dekiinasen when I p... anything I always keep my j?ord yakiisoku. sureba OsiX de mo .

.

.

.

.

.

nwrnorimasd

Prompt hayai ly hayaku p I want it done p. .

.

.

.

.ly

hayaku

shite nwraitai

Pronoancc v-dasfi; hatmon suru please teach me how to' p. this; Tord kono kotoba no

wo

hattv/yo,

oskicte kudastti

prpnuncJisii See miru,- goran nasaru (polit«) I wish to s... if milai

I don't 8

have not

8.

.

.n

you

for

him

it

now ^1 ima

wakarimashiia

put here

bow a thing I only a moment ago

.

.

.

let

olf

.

about

tHshaba

it

.

.

shirabete

e

itiiokuri

mi ittc

us go and s...

ni

yam

miru Ute mi-

mas/io

go .and steamer

s. if the mail has arrived yubinsen ga tsuita ka, it^e mite o kure naruhodo] I s to s... into (examine) sin.

.

.

.

. I

raberu

a

long time shibaraku desMla 8. . . ima ni lOfikaru

detM yes Is...

.

ni ikima.sho to send and s. to go and 3. .'.

.

masa ka?

Secretary shoki Secure daijubu na to 5... daijobu ni sum Security (financial) teiio Sedan-chair kago

.

mimasho

can Is...

1

.

•

.

tsU ni ki ivo Isukcte will you s... to it do ni ka shite o kure

kudasai

I

.

.

nasai;

(when considering a question) e to please let me s ones jMoao ii

.

please s...

mise

o

s...

.

goran tmsai touch it and s whether it is hot or cold atsui ka ty.umetai ka te wo atete goran nasai s. if this will do? kore de ii desho ka ? after the luggage nimo3 •

did you s....* miinashita ka? let s. . your tongue shita too misete kudasai (show

me

nakunaru hazu wa tuti if you can open It akete s

See I

is often not translated. s; that Mr. Smitli has returned Smith San ga kaette .

.

kimashUa

\Mi.

Smith

has

returned)

Is... that your servant has come hack nnata xw iochU

222

Screen

translucent covered with piper are called skSji; those covered with wail paper or cloth are called fusuma, or kara-kami) to set up a 3... byobu u>o tateru to s. .

puaishment)

(from

.

See nyubai (about 3 weeks from about the middle of June)

rainy s...

Seat (chair) isu; koshi-kake; (bench) nagai koxhi-kake pray take as... dozo o kake nasai

kakumau

wa

Screw

neji; (propeller) puropera .-driver neji-mauxuM to s. . neiiru

8.

.

.

Scrub kosiiru Sculptor horirtumo-sM Scuttle (coal)

surm-tori (this is for holdiiig

a basket or box charcoal)

Sea umi at 9. umi de

mashUit the

s.

generally smooth?

.

.

umi wa

itsu

mo

odayaka

desu ka? is rough umi ga imasH is sometimes rough when there is a west wind

the

s.

areie the s

.

.

.

.

.

nishi-kaze ga

liiku

to

loki-

doki umi ga aremam .-breeze shio-kaze. 8... -side kttigan to go by s... tune de Hat B.

.

heavy

s

.

.

.

Seal (signet)

6-nami han

ni/han wo osu to s please s... this kare ni han wo oshite kudasai Search (look for) stHWcd Season jistinu at this 8... ima jUmn uxi oat of a. . . yiitd huure no to be in 8... (food) shun de .

aru

.

.

.

.

imam

aite

s

.

.

.

ka? for

me

.

.

tokoro desu

a s... free.' ga arimatu ka! s...a* basho wo kaemasho kaf Second (in number) ni-banme no; (measure of time) byo 8... time ni-do-me 8... diZ.y futsuka-me day the 8... of month juisuka there

still

aite iru tokoro

shall

8

.

.

.

we change

class ni-to; ehOto

Second-hand (urui I waut a s... one furui no ga hoshii as... book furu-hon Secret tiaisho no keep it s please naisho ni sliUe kudasai s...Iy naislio de .

.

hav«* never s. .n it mita koto ga arimasen I can't 3. it miemasen may I s. it* mirarema-

.

See could disappear of itself ima koko e oiti mono ga hitori de

.

sho

ka?

what

is

.

.

.

.

there to be s . n here.' konv kinjo de miru tuhrro wa doko desu ka?

worth please .

.

1

engaged? koko

.

koko ivo totte oite kudasai pardon me this is my s. shitsdrei desu ga koko wa watakiishi no tokoro desU excuse me but I ra'served skiUurei desu ga this s koko ton uxdakushi ga totte is

. .

s

keep this

oita

8. . .-water umi no mizu to be s. . .-sick lune ni you i am 8... -sick fune ni yoiis

this

is

223

See

s.

mini yd na

.ing

.

goran

here

8...

.

.

nasai;

(to

ano ne

call attention)

.

me

your tongue please]

me

let

.

.

some

.

.

.

o kure

please?

to the child a

moment kodomo wo mite to s.

ite .

bete

better

no wo misete

chotio

kudasai

about (inquire) sAiramiru ; (consider) kan.

miru; (arrange

gaete

do ka

me

.

things)

sum

some cheaper ones vwlto yusui no

1 will s

wo

to 8... off (on a journey) mi-okuru I'll go to the station to s. .

please

let

s

.

. .

misete kudasai

wish to

s

.

.

your master

.

shujin ni aitai Mr.

Nakamura.' ni o me ni kakaremasu ka? I'll 8. you to-morrow myonichi o me ni kakarimashu I went to s. him ano hiro ni ai ni ikimashUa; (more social) ano h'do wo tazunemashita when can Is... Mr. Tanabe? itsa Tanabe San ni ae-

Sakamura San .

.

.

you'll

Seduce kudoki-oU>sii See miru,- goran nasaru (polit«) I wish to s... if milai

I don't 8

have not

8.

.

.n

you

for

him

it

now ^1 ima

wakarimashiia

put here

bow a thing I only a moment ago

.

.

.

let

olf

.

about

tHshaba

it

.

.

shirabete

e

itiiokuri

mi ittc

us go and s...

ni

yam

miru Ute mi-

mas/io

go .and steamer

s. if the mail has arrived yubinsen ga tsuita ka, it^e mite o kure naruhodo] I s to s... into (examine) sin.

.

.

.

. I

raberu

a

long time shibaraku desMla 8. . . ima ni lOfikaru

detM yes Is...

.

ni ikima.sho to send and s. to go and 3. .'.

.

masa ka?

Secretary shoki Secure daijubu na to 5... daijobu ni sum Security (financial) teiio Sedan-chair kago

.

mimasho

can Is...

1

.

•

.

tsU ni ki ivo Isukcte will you s... to it do ni ka shite o kure

kudasai

I

.

.

nasai;

(when considering a question) e to please let me s ones jMoao ii

.

please s...

mise

o

s...

.

goran tmsai touch it and s whether it is hot or cold atsui ka ty.umetai ka te wo atete goran nasai s. if this will do? kore de ii desho ka ? after the luggage nimo3 •

did you s....* miinashita ka? let s. . your tongue shita too misete kudasai (show

me

nakunaru hazu wa tuti if you can open It akete s

See I

is often not translated. s; that Mr. Smitli has returned Smith San ga kaette .

.

kimashUa

\Mi.

Smith

has

returned)

Is... that your servant has come hack nnata xw iochU

224

See

ga kaette kimasMia nef (the woM ne is about equivalent to: isn't that so?) Seed tune

Seem

mierti; also expr. —rashn; da; yd da

by

Send by

ones. (alone) Mtori de; (without help) hitori de wa I can't do it by mys. . . MtorL de UM dekimasen I mys. can't do it waia-

knshi

it it

s

S...S so miemasu 8...S dirty kitanarashii 8... 8 true honloraskii s

.

.

.

good

s

a thing that

na

8.

.

s

. . .

as

3

there is going quarrel kenka ni if

to be a nari-so da the fire s...s to Tiave gone out hi ga kieta yo da

no one

to be coining dare jiw ko-nai yo desu ne it 3. .8 to me waiakuski no omou ni wa Seize (grasp) tsukamae'ru Seldom tama ni; metta ni with neg. he 8. . comes tama ni kimasH often tran. by aneg. sentence I have s . seen any amari tniUi koto ga nai it 8 . SBOws yuki ga metta ni fttrimasen It 8 . . . happens $5 arimasen s

.

.

.

s

.

.

it

.

.

very

s

.

.

.

happens mezura-

«^i

koto desa Select (choose) erabu Self jibun; (ateo) mo be did it himself ano hito wa fibmi de sHmashita I want it mys. . . jibunno ni

irinuuH

go youis...

nuai

.

Sell

ish

mo dekimasen wagamama na

. . .*

yuzvtte itada-

kemasH ka?

how much

will

you

s

.

. .

this

damasare'ru

Send (a person, towards one) i/okosu; (a person, away from one) yam; (a thing, a long distance) okuru; (a thing, a short distance) todokeru; (by post) dasa . . the maid here please jochU wo kochira ni yo/boshite kudasai please s. . . a messenger tgfikai too yaiie kudasai please s... for the doctor o itha wo yobi ni i/atU lot dasai please s... to my room for my hat heya ni hoshi too tori ni yatte kudasai I wish to s. . somebody to Tokyo dare ka Tokyo e tsUkai ni yaritai. I will s. . . for it dare ka tori ni yarinuuho please s. . this package to .

.

.

jibun

de o

iJci

uchi

ni

house

todokete

Tokyo

kono

Tokyo e

okutte kudatai

nimotsU

.

this

s...

package

to

kimashita .

away

.

(dismiss

from

service) dasu; (drive away) nigasH; oi-dashUe shimau to s . . back kaesH to 9 . by a messenger tsUkai de yaru' to s a message kotozuke

wo

.

.

.

.

.

wo suru to B . . to the wash sentaku ni yaru to 8... to be mended naoski ni yaru Sense .

a man of good no wakaOa hito

as...

s.

of inseciirity

. .

mono

/tt-«mWn

no kimochi

common

s

.

. .

josMki

(not In

such frequent use as the English expression) have you taken leave of your . s? anata wa kidemo ehis oaMa no desa ka* B. . .less (foolish) bakaraskii Sensible mono no wakatta Sentence (gram.) buraho; (judgment) senkoku Sentimental kanjoteki na .

Sentinel bampei

Separate

nave

to

wh'ch have

things

s...

which tiungg been umted) beUit

(of

jiot

hanare'ru;

(intr.)

(trans.) hanasiX betsiX-betsO, . .ly

s.

kudasai has anybody sent for me? dare ka yobi ni kimashiia kaf fcome to call me] he sent word to say he could, not come korare-nai to moto s

no; (of

been united) hanareta

my

.

to be sold out un-kire'ru that's as... (hoax) ippai ktttta

8

io shite

it.'

this to

.

kudasai

shiie

for.' kore wa ikkra desU kat to be sold (for sale) uri-mono;

(flg.)

.

Tokyo (by post) kono nimowo ^ Tokyo e dashxte

uru .

shall I 8...

okurimasho ka? please a. kore wo

tsU

.-respect jicho

this? kore tea

how

please

it s UTemasH kat would you be willing to s...

.

.

.

doo9

koto

a face that s. .s happy ureshi-so na kao so it would s ... so da so da it 8...S as if it would ra;u ame ga ftiri so da it

.

Self-conceit imubore

iiraskii s . . . s difficult

muzuk-fishi-so

.

.

.

.

so

it it

.

Servant

225

Send

ni

the parts are not sold 8, ..ly betsu-bet.ni ni urematen September ku-gatsU in maimer) (grave majime na a 8... man majime na Mto as... matter taihen «« kot»

Serious

it

is

nothing

8

taitkita

koto ja nai 8...1y majime ni. Serpent fiebi Servant koko-nin; (male in A hotel comm»idy caUe4) Wt; (female) jochU; gejo I want to engage a boy who

European food little English gn dekite Ei'^ wo sukoshi hatuueru bSi wo yatoUai s...'8 agency kuchOre-ya: keian to engage as... (female) /o* ehU wo yatou can

cook.

and speak a seiyo-rydri

where was your last situation ? kono mae iea d»ko ni immshUa ka f how long were you there T dono gurai wfconi trrmshUa^

kat

why

did you leaveT' note d4» mashila ka t did you. leave of your owb accord or were you dismis* sed? jibun de deta no detHka soretomodasareianc desUktit What wages did you receiyef gdcjcyu wa ikura deshUa kit f are you married or single f kUori-mono dtmi kat [aM

you

single T]

224

See

ga kaette kimasMia nef (the woM ne is about equivalent to: isn't that so?) Seed tune

Seem

mierti; also expr. —rashn; da; yd da

by

Send by

ones. (alone) Mtori de; (without help) hitori de wa I can't do it by mys. . . MtorL de UM dekimasen I mys. can't do it waia-

knshi

it it

s

S...S so miemasu 8...S dirty kitanarashii 8... 8 true honloraskii s

.

.

.

good

s

a thing that

na

8.

.

s

. . .

as

3

there is going quarrel kenka ni if

to be a nari-so da the fire s...s to Tiave gone out hi ga kieta yo da

no one

to be coining dare jiw ko-nai yo desu ne it 3. .8 to me waiakuski no omou ni wa Seize (grasp) tsukamae'ru Seldom tama ni; metta ni with neg. he 8. . comes tama ni kimasH often tran. by aneg. sentence I have s . seen any amari tniUi koto ga nai it 8 . SBOws yuki ga metta ni fttrimasen It 8 . . . happens $5 arimasen s

.

.

.

s

.

.

it

.

.

very

s

.

.

.

happens mezura-

«^i

koto desa Select (choose) erabu Self jibun; (ateo) mo be did it himself ano hito wa fibmi de sHmashita I want it mys. . . jibunno ni

irinuuH

go youis...

nuai

.

Sell

ish

mo dekimasen wagamama na

. . .*

yuzvtte itada-

kemasH ka?

how much

will

you

s

.

. .

this

damasare'ru

Send (a person, towards one) i/okosu; (a person, away from one) yam; (a thing, a long distance) okuru; (a thing, a short distance) todokeru; (by post) dasa . . the maid here please jochU wo kochira ni yo/boshite kudasai please s. . . a messenger tgfikai too yaiie kudasai please s... for the doctor o itha wo yobi ni i/atU lot dasai please s... to my room for my hat heya ni hoshi too tori ni yatte kudasai I wish to s. . somebody to Tokyo dare ka Tokyo e tsUkai ni yaritai. I will s. . . for it dare ka tori ni yarinuuho please s. . this package to .

.

.

jibun

de o

iJci

uchi

ni

house

todokete

Tokyo

kono

Tokyo e

okutte kudatai

nimotsU

.

this

s...

package

to

kimashita .

away

.

(dismiss

from

service) dasu; (drive away) nigasH; oi-dashUe shimau to s . . back kaesH to 9 . by a messenger tsUkai de yaru' to s a message kotozuke

wo

.

.

.

.

.

wo suru to B . . to the wash sentaku ni yaru to 8... to be mended naoski ni yaru Sense .

a man of good no wakaOa hito

as...

s.

of inseciirity

. .

mono

/tt-«mWn

no kimochi

common

s

.

. .

josMki

(not In

such frequent use as the English expression) have you taken leave of your . s? anata wa kidemo ehis oaMa no desa ka* B. . .less (foolish) bakaraskii Sensible mono no wakatta Sentence (gram.) buraho; (judgment) senkoku Sentimental kanjoteki na .

Sentinel bampei

Separate

nave

to

wh'ch have

things

s...

which tiungg been umted) beUit

(of

jiot

hanare'ru;

(intr.)

(trans.) hanasiX betsiX-betsO, . .ly

s.

kudasai has anybody sent for me? dare ka yobi ni kimashiia kaf fcome to call me] he sent word to say he could, not come korare-nai to moto s

no; (of

been united) hanareta

my

.

to be sold out un-kire'ru that's as... (hoax) ippai ktttta

8

io shite

it.'

this to

.

kudasai

shiie

for.' kore wa ikkra desU kat to be sold (for sale) uri-mono;

(flg.)

.

Tokyo (by post) kono nimowo ^ Tokyo e dashxte

uru .

shall I 8...

okurimasho ka? please a. kore wo

tsU

.-respect jicho

this? kore tea

how

please

it s UTemasH kat would you be willing to s...

.

.

.

doo9

koto

a face that s. .s happy ureshi-so na kao so it would s ... so da so da it 8...S as if it would ra;u ame ga ftiri so da it

.

Self-conceit imubore

iiraskii s . . . s difficult

muzuk-fishi-so

.

.

.

.

so

it it

.

Servant

225

Send

ni

the parts are not sold 8, ..ly betsu-bet.ni ni urematen September ku-gatsU in maimer) (grave majime na a 8... man majime na Mto as... matter taihen «« kot»

Serious

it

is

nothing

8

taitkita

koto ja nai 8...1y majime ni. Serpent fiebi Servant koko-nin; (male in A hotel comm»idy caUe4) Wt; (female) jochU; gejo I want to engage a boy who

European food little English gn dekite Ei'^ wo sukoshi hatuueru bSi wo yatoUai s...'8 agency kuchOre-ya: keian to engage as... (female) /o* ehU wo yatou can

cook.

and speak a seiyo-rydri

where was your last situation ? kono mae iea d»ko ni immshUa ka f how long were you there T dono gurai wfconi trrmshUa^

kat

why

did you leaveT' note d4» mashila ka t did you. leave of your owb accord or were you dismis* sed? jibun de deta no detHka soretomodasareianc desUktit What wages did you receiyef gdcjcyu wa ikura deshUa kit f are you married or single f kUori-mono dtmi kat [aM

you

single T]

Servant

how

226

old are you? toshi iva iku-

tsUf

you must give me a month's notice if at any time you wteh to leave hima go. toritai toki ni tva kUo-tsuki niae ni

shirase-nakereba ikemasen Serve (work for) tsulome'ru to s the purpose ma ni au to make s the purpose ma «t aiense'TU I will make it s the purpose temporarily kari ni ma ni cuvaienuuho if I can 8 you in any way please let me know waUikilski ni detiru koto ga areba iiti kudasai .

.

.

.

.

.

it

8.

.s

.

atatta

.

.

.

.

you

right btichi

ga

haiimeru .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

tsukeru to 8 . . riglit naostX it S...8 my teeth

rendered)

(assistance

a

of

sOkoshi o negai shitai koto ga

.

.

the 8.. .ting-sun

suns ... hi no

.

iri-hi

iri

(of things of the

same

kumi

Settle (fix) k-ime'ni

to be s...d (fixed, established) k~imaru; (one's resi-

dence) ochi-tsuite iru 8. a bill Kirci ni kanjo

to

.

.

wo sum; seuan sum

me a great s. taihen setoa ni narimashita of no B . . . (use) yaku ni lata.

nai

us

let

kore sko

s.

.

.

wa

this

k-itnete

nfatter

mo

shiinaima-

that s. .8 it sore de kimatta Settlement (of an affair) rakuchaku; (of an account) kanjo-barai Seven nanatsU; shtchi; nana .

this of any 8... to you? kore ga irin%a»ii ka? will you enter s...? tcatakiiski no tokoro de tsulois

my

Sew nuu

meviasen kat Set (place) oku;

(a jewel) hameru; (go below the horizon) hairu to 8 a bone hone wo tsugu .

.

8,..

an

example

rei

to s. . . to 8...

down orosa down in

.

.

kudasai

8

.

.

.

.

.

s. ^hop?! hut I could Hfit set it hobo no miu' wo tizunemashili ga, arimasen deshUa Japane;