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German Pages 983 [1048] Year 2010
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t XJ2MK-*2L [JN CP-0LN0G0LJN J,+ PJN J,,N2,xKzM+ )0F D-*2P(z,,N- ^G, D-*2P(z,,N- (J-P *2+N-J-PJ,xKN, z,,N- yNNJxK2N+ Pz, PJN C0KG-*FN PN- Z-P-J2PN *,zFFN2K2 LN2P z*,MGG+ *2P PN,,N2 ]N(NL*2L,FLGJxKHNJ+ z*,,xKGJNGJxK P*-xK PJN $xK(N- H-zM+ yN,+JFF+ (J-P [B= uup #NJG v ppu BF (NJ+N,+N2 $J22N LNK-+ Pz, D-*2P (z,,N- * PN2 2*+yz-N2 ]0PN2,xK+N2 Z, (NJ,+ INP0xK (NJ ]N,02PN-KNJ+N2 z*M PJN MN,+N2 %0K,+0dN2 M-NFP ,J2Po Z, yN(NL+ ,JxK K2GJxK PNF Z-PG *2P N, *2+N-GJNL+ NJ2N- -z,xKN2 *2P yNJ2zKN ,+2PJLN2 =N*yJGP*2L *2P (z- z*xK P0-+ (0 N, LN2*++ (J-P [JN CP-0LN0G0LJN (JGG zG, LN0G0LJ,xKN J,,N2,xKzM+ )N-,+z2PN2 ,NJ2 NLN2 PN$02PN-,+NGG*2L PN, D-*2P(z,,N-, zGGN-PJ2L, H0FF+ PJN CP-0LN0G0LJN 2JxK+ 0K2N &*N-)N-yJ2P*2LN2 * z2PN-N2 2z+*-(J,,N2,xKzM+GJxKN2 [J,J/GJ2N2 z*, #zy w [N- z*xK LNy-*xKGJxKN ]NL-Jd DN0KP-0G0LJN yN+02+ PJN Fz+KNFz+J,xKKP-z*GJ ,xKN ]NKz2PG*2L PN, D-*2P(z,,N-, B2 ]N*L z*M PJN CP-0LN0G0LJN J,+ PJN CP -0G0LJN77]z*FLz-+2N- * ?JNy,xKN- ppsn ]J,(z, prn [xH pqn @NGGN- prp zG, PJN J,,N2,xKzM+ )0F z,,N- ,NJ2N2 Z-,xKNJ2*2L,M0-FN2 yN- z*M *2P *2+NPN- ?z2P0yN-VxKN ,NJ2N2 ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 *2P 2z+-GJxKN2 *,zFFN2K2LN2 zG, ~yN-yNL-Jd * )N-,+NKN2 B2 JK-N2 KN*+JLN2 B2KzG+N2 J,+ PJN CP-0LN0G0LJN NJ2N ,NK- I*2LN J,,N2,xKzM+ BF $xK-JM++*F +z*xK+ PN- ]NL-Jd CP-0LN0G0LJN77 N-,+FzG, qw yNJ ANz2]z/+J,+N #zyNGGN w pqu
&*N-)N-yJ2P*2LN2 PN- CP-0LN0G0LJN * z2PN-N2 J,,N2,xKzM+N2 z*, ]N2PN-
Hydrologie Geologie
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Fernerkundung
Ingenieurgeologie Lagerstättenkunde Geomorphologie Petrographie Stratigraphie
Hydrogeologie
Prospektions-Geophysik Geochemie Isotopengeochemie Geohydraulik
u
w CP-0LN0G0LJN
?zFz-xH ruuqwpn ,JNKN \z--0J psu z*M INP0xK 2JxK+ J2 PN- KN*+JLN2 ]N PN*+*2L Z-,+ qtt )N-(N2PN+N >z )02 'N++N2H0MN- *2P ,/+N- PN- Z2LG2PN- A ?*xz, qq PN2 ]NL-Jd M- "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 z2 D-*2P(z,,N-)0-H0FFN2 !0-G* MN- J2 PN- KP-0LN0G0LJ,xKN2 '-zJ, (z-N2 PJN E-z20,N2 CN2- [z-x qvqtqn ,JNKN [z-x qts *2P ^yyN6 ANz2 'z-zFNGGN rpqrt 'z-zFNGGN qts ^G, NLyN-NJ+N- NJ2N- ,NGy,+,+2PJLN2 z2LN(z2P+N2 J,,N2,xKzM+ PN- CP-0LN0 G0LJN (J-H+N2 zKG-NJxKN DNGNK-+N PJN ,JxK ,0(0KG )02 PN- DN0G0LJN zG, z*xK )02 PN2 B2LN2JN*-(J,,N2,xKzM+N2 KN- KP-0LN0G0LJ,xKN2 E-zLN,+NGG*2LN2 2KN-+N2 Z- (K2N2,(N-+ ,J2P J2,yN,02PN-N PJN N-,+N2 ?NK-yxKN- )02 A*GN, [N/*J+ qsv 'KJ GJ// E0-xKKNJFN- qqs pu ^P0G/K #KJNF *2P D2+N- #KJNF ps @02-zP @NJGKzxH pvt Cz2, CMN- )02 CNJFKzG+ pw JGKNGF @0NK2N puq NJ2N- pwv puw %*P0GM D-zKFz22 ptq $NJ+ PN2 pqN- AzK-N2 ,J2P zKG-NJxKN KP-0LN0G0LJ,xKN ?NK-yxKN- N-,xKJN2N2 PJN N2+(NPN- Pz, Lz2N $/NH+-*F PN- CP-0LN0G0LJN yJ, KJ2NJ2 J2 z2L-N2N2PN J, ,N2,xKzM+N2 zyPNxHN2 0PN- IN(NJG, yN,+JFF+N ^,/NH+N yN)0-*L+ yN+02N2 [N2 ^2 ,/-*xK z*M L-+FLGJxKN !0GG,+2PJLHNJ+ N-MGG+ Pz,)02DN0-L>z++KN,,KN-z*,LNLNyN 2N NGMy2PJLN PN*+,xK,/-zxKJLN ?NK-y*xK PN- CP-0LN0G0LJN )02 PNF yJ,KN- 2N*2 ]2PN )N-MLyz- ,J2P ]zGHN N+ zG wn ]*,xK N+ zG ppvn CNJ+MNGP ppn @,, ppwn >z++KN,,wvn>z++KN,,*"yNGGwvn>JxKNGpprn>0,N-*%z*N-+pqn'J22NHN- ppw ZJ2N2L*+N2~yN-yGJxH yN- Pz,DN,zF+LNyJN+ )N-FJ++NG+ Pz,]*xK )02 ]N-2(z-P CG+J2L (NGxKN, J22N-KzGy )02 t AzK-N2 ,JNyN2 =N*z*MGzLN2 N-M*K- CG+J2L *2P \0GPN(N wp NJ+N-N PN*+,xK,/-zxKJLN ?NK-yxKN- )N-dN2+GJxK+N2 PJN ^*+0-N2 #K*-2N- psr D @NGGN- psp @-*,NFz2 *2P [N %JPPN- prv %JxK+N- *2P ?JGGJxK prt?z2LL*+K*2P!0JL+wu@z--N2yN-L pq!JN-K*d N+ zGpqA0-Pz2 *2P NPN- ppt [JN L2LJLN2 >N+K0PN2 PN- CP-0LN0G0LJN (N-PN2 )02 vw ^*+0-N2 JF ]z2P v PN, )02 E ]N2PN- pqu KN-z*,LNLNyN2N2 ?NK-y*xKN, PN- ^2LN(z2P+N2 DN0(J,,N2,xKzM+N2 yNKz2PNG+ ~yN- PJN ?2PN-L-N2N2 KJ2z*, yNHz22+N M-z2,J,xKN ?NK-yxKN- ,+zFFN2 )02 \z,+z2 Z-Kz-P\z,,NL-zJ2 3 >z-Lz+ *2P $xK0NGGN-n N2LGJ,xK,/-zxKJLN )02 [N JN,+ [z)J, 3 [N JN,+ E-NNN 3 \KN-- ,0(JN PJN J2 PJN ?J+N-z+*-GJ,+N z*MLN 20FFN2N2 N-HN )02 #0PP pq *2P )02 CNz+K pqq $xKGJNGJxK ,J2P 20xK PJN KP-0LN0G0LJ,xKN2 @z-+N2 * 2N22N2 $+-*xHFNJN- pqp [zyNJ Kz2PNG+ N, ,JxK *F ,20/+J,xKN [z-,+NGG*2LN2 KP-0LN0G0LJ,xKN- [z+N2 *2P JK-N- B2+N-/-N+z+J02 z*M NJ2N- +0/0L-z/KJ,xKN2 ]z,J, $JN LNyN2 ^*,H*2M+ yN- !N- y-NJ+*2L >N2LN #JNMN2GzLN *2P &*zGJ++ PN, D-*2P *2P *-Fz2,H JF D-z2J+ 20xK J2 HF #JNMN EG*JPN Lz, *2P (z,,N-KzG+JL K0KN- >J2N-zGJ,z+J02 z2LN+-0dN2 [JN "2+N-L-N2N PN- P*-xKG,,JLN2 DN,+NJ2N K2L+ 2z+*-LNF )0F LN0G0LJ,xKN2 ]z* zy B2 !N-y-NJ+*2L,LNyJN+N2 )02 /G*+02J,xKN2 *2P FN+zF0-/KN2 DN,+NJ2N2 GJNL+ PJN,N D-N2N FLGJxKN-(NJ,N ,xK02 yNJ v F #JNMN B2 +JNMN2 $NPJFN2+z+J02,yNxHN2 Hz22 PJN,N D-N2N NJ2N #JNMN )02 2zKN* r HF N--NJxKN2 B2 #JNMN2 )02 FNK- zG, ts HF J,+ PN- ~yN-GzLN-*2L,P-*xH zyN- ,0 L-0 Pz,, PN- !0G*FN2z2+NJG z2 0dN2N2 '0-N2 (N2JLN- zG, ; PN- DN,+NJ2,Fz,,N z*,FzxK+ CJN- J,+ NJ2 !0-H0FFN2 )02 z,,N- 2*- 20xK J2 xKNFJ,xKN- ]J2P*2L FJ+ PNF DN,+NJ2 0PN- LNG,+ J2 FzLFz+J ,xKN2 $xKFNGN2 FLGJxK >z++KN,, * "yNGG wvn 'J22NHN- ppw
ttt CP-0,/K-N [JN CP-0,/K-N J,+ PJN *2*,zFFN2K2LN2PN z,,N-KGGN PN- Z-PN yN,+NKN2P z*, $zG(z,,N- $(z,,N- *2P DGN+,xKN-NJ, $JN *FMz,,+ PJN NN- [z, LN,zF+N D-*2P(z,,N- *2,N-N- Z-PN N2+,/-JxK+ yNJ PJN,NF !N-LGNJxK NJ2NF (J2JLN2 #-0/MN2 z2 PN- $/J+N PN- @z2GN EGxKN2FJL 2NKFN2 PJN J0 HFw PN- t >J0 HFw L-0N2 Z-P 0yN-VxKN NJ2 zG,0 rq ; [z, !0G*FN2 PN- >NN-N yN+-L+ -*2P vr >J0 HFv zG,0 vr Y w ?J+N- %JN,JLN $zGFN2LN2 ,J2P Pz-J2 LNG,+ Z, Kz2PNG+ ,JxK *F -*2P
ww D-*2P(z,,N- zG, ]N,+z2P+NJG PN- Z-PN
r
200 l gesamter Wasservorrat
97,5 % in den Ozeanen Gletscher, Polkappen
^yy ww
Wasserkreislauf
Abfluss Regen auf Land- ins Meer oberfläche
Grundwasser
DGNJxK2J, PN- z,,N--N,N-)N2 PN- Z-PN ,JNKN #N+
t Y s #022N2 $zG (NGxKN NJ2N2 %z*F )02 ws >J0 HFv NJ22KFN2 zG,0 ,NxK,FzG ,0 )JNG (JN PN- B2KzG+ PN- N*-0/J,xKN2 EN,+Gz2P,,xK0GGN B2 PN2 z2PN-N2 ]N-NJxKN2 PN- CP-0,/K-N J,+ N, ,xK(JN-JLN- * /Gz*,JyGN2 N-+N2 yN- Pz, z,,N- * H0F FN2 ZJ2N N-,+N ^22KN-*2L )N-FJ++NG+ PJN #zy ww [z, !0G*FN2 PN, D-*2P(z,,N-, (J-P z*M qu Y s HFv LN,xK++ >z,02 * >00-N pqt ^2PN-N ^*+0-N2 2NKFN2 N+(z 2*- PJN CGM+N z2 >z++KN,, * "yNGG wv #zyNGGN ww [JN !N-+NJG*2L PN, z,,N-, z*M PN- Z-PN >z,02 *2P >00-N pqt
>NN-(z,,NZJ, D-*2P(z,,N$NN2 $zG,NN2 *2P ]J22N2FNN-N z,,N-PzF/M EG,,N
!0G*FN2 J2 HFv
>z,,N J2 D-zFF
vr Y p wp Y r qu Y s v Y t Y t v Y u v Y v
u Y wu wp Y ww qu Y w v Y w Y w v Y p v Y q
tts \G+N- PN, D-*2P(w,,N-, [z, ^G+N- NJ2N, D-*2P(z,,N-, (J-P z*M PN,,N2 !N-(NJGNJ+ JF "2+N-L-*2P yN0LN2 [zyNJ ,J2P (NJ @z+NL0-JN2 * *2+N-,xKNJPN2o LN0G0LJ,xK zG+N D-*2P(,,N- *2P )zP0,N D-*2P(,,N- $0 LJy+ N, LN0G0LJ,xK zG+N D-*2P(,,N- (NGxKN ,NJ+ yJ, w >JGGJ02N2 AzK-N2 0PNG2LN- 2JxK+ zF z,,N-H-NJ,Gz*M yN+NJGJL+ LN(N,N2 ,J2P DNFNJ2+ ,J2P )0- zGGNF PJN *F #NJG K0xKFJ2N-zGJ,JN-+N2 H022z+N2 +JNMN2 D-*2P(,,N- N2LG x022z+N (z+N- yNJ (NGxKN2 N, ,JxK *F ,2,NPJFN2+-N M0,,JGN ,,N- Kz2PNG+ $0GxKN ,,N- (N-PN2 J2 L-0N2 z-+N,J,xKN2 ]NxHN2 z2LN+-0dN2 (0yNJ PJN D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- 20xK (N
q
w CP-0LN0G0LJN
,N2+GJxK G+N- ,NJ2 H22N2 zG, Pz, J2 JK2N2 FNK- 0PN- (N2JLN- ,+zL2JN-N2PN D-*2P (z,,N- $0 J,+ Pz, D-*2P(z,,N- J2 PN2 -*2P w >J0 AzK-N zG+N2 'N-F *2P #-Jz, zyGzLN-*2LN2 PN- @z,/J,xKN2 $N2HN *2P JF 0GLz"-zGDNyJN+ 2JxK+ G+N- zG, p >J0 AzK-N K2GJxKN ^G+N- (J,xKN2 *2P >J0 AzK-N (N-PN2 M- PJN K0xK H02N2+-JN-+N2 \z\Gw$0GN2 PN, z-+N,J,xKN2 ^2Lz-z?N2z]NxHN2, z2LNLNyN2 PJN J2 t yJ, v F #JNMN J2 *2+N-HzFy-J,xKN2 DN,+NJ2N2 )0-H0FFN2 'J22NHN- ppwn $ wu B2 LN0G0LJ,xK I2LN-N2 z-+N,J,xKN2 ]NxHN2 Hz22 Pz, ^G+N- PN, )N-,zG+N2 D-*2P(z,,N-, FJ+ PNF PN, L-*2P(z,,N-MK-N2PN2 DN,+NJ2, yN-NJ2,+JFFN2n ] FJ+ -*2P >J0 AzK-N2 J2 PN- N2+-zGN2 !0-PN-Hz*Hz,*,%NLJ02 [JN ]N,+JFF*2L ,0GxK K0KN- z,,N-zG+N- N-M0GL+ 2zxK PNF CNGJ*F^-L02!N- KG+2J, PN- JF z,,N- LNG,+N2 Dz,N [JN >N+K0PN yN-*K+ Pz-z*M Pz,, PJN >N2LN z2 ^-L02 Pz, zG, Dz, Kz*/+,xKGJxK z*, PN- ?*M+ ,+zFF+ NJ+GJxK /-zH+J,xK H02,+z2+ yGNJy+ (K-N2P CNGJ*F zG, -zPJ0LN2N, Dz, J2 D-*2P(,,N-2 2zxK *2P 2zxK z2LN -NJxKN-+ (J-P AN KKN- Pz, D-*2P(z,,N-zG+N- J,+ PN,+0 L-N- ,0GG+N Pz, !N-KG+2J, )02 CNGJ*F * ^-L02 ,NJ2 'J22NHN- ppw [z, D-*2P(z,,N- )zP0,N2 "-,/-*2L, Gz+ )zP0,*,o ,NJxK+ J,+ LN0G0LJ,xK ,NKI*2L *2P N, J,+ zF zGGLNFNJ2N2 z,,N-H-NJ,Gz*M yN+NJGJL+ (N22 JF ZJ2NGMzGG z*xK J2 ,H*Gz-N2 NJ+G*MN2 *2P z*M +JNM-NJxKN2PN2 (NJ+N2 EGJN(NLN2 >J+KJGMN -zPJ0 zH+J)N- *2P ,+zyJGN- "F(NG+J,0+0/N ,J2P [z+JN-*2LN2 PN, D-*2P(z,,N-, yJ, N+(z t AzK-N )0- KN*+N FLGJxK DNK * $xKGNJxKN- ppn C0NM, pqrn B^Z^ ppsn >0,N- * %z*N-+ pq [JN ,0 LN2z22+N2 "F(NG+J,0+0/N ,J2P B,0+0/N PJN Pz, z,,N- )02 =z+*- z*, 0PN- zG, E0GLN PN- @N-2+NxK2JH N2+KG+ CJN-* LNK-N2 )0- zGGNF PJN ,+zyJGN2 B,0+0/N w C [N*+N-J*F *2P $z*N-,+0d q< *2P Pz, -zPJ0zH+J)N B,0+0/ vC #-J+J*F PN, z,,N-F0GNHG, ,0(JN Pz, JF CP-0LN2xz-y02z+ PN, z,,N-, N2+KzG+N2N ,+zyJGN B,0 +0/ v\ *2P Pz, -zPJ0zH+J)N B,0+0/ u\ [JN HGz,,J,xKN2 u\^2zG,N2 PJN2N2 )0- zGGNF Pz* D-*2P(,,N- FJ+ ^G+N-2 )02 AzK-K*2PN-+N2 yJ, AzK-+z*,N2PN2 * *2+N-,xKNJPN2 $JN KNGMN2 Pz-yN- KJ2z*, Einzugs
gebiet
Wasserscheide
Grundwasse
roberfläch
e
Grundwassersystem
Tage Jahre Jahrzehnte
Jahrhunderte Stromlinien Grundwasserleiter
^yy wv
Abflussgebiet
Jahrtausende Grundwassernichtleiter
$xKNFz )02 >J,xK*2LN2 )N-,xKJNPN2 zG+N- D-*2P(,,N- CNz+K pqq
wv ^GGLNFNJ2N CP-0LN0G0LJN
p
yNJ PN- ^*M,+NGG*2L )02 >J,xKyJGz2N2 *2P yNJ $+*PJN2 yN-FJLN- D-*2P(z, ,N-2*+*2L [JN *LGNJxK PzFJ+ z2MzGGN2PN2 Z-LNy2J,,N )02 ! v\^2zG,N2 KzyN2 ,JxK yNJ PN- LN2N+J,xKN2 @Gz,,JXHz+J02 )02 D-*2P(,,N-2 yN(K-+ >J+ #-J+J*F ^2zG,N2 ,J2P FJ++GN-N !N-(NJGNJ+N2 )02 NJ2JLN2 AzK-N2 yJ, * N+(z, FNK- zG, NJ2NF AzK-K*2PN-+ zy,xK+yz- D-*2PGzLN J,+ +NxK20LN2N, #-J+J*F Pz, ,NJ+ N+(z psv P*-xK @N-2(zdN2)N-,*xKN *2P ,NJ+ NJ2JLN2 AzK-N2 )N-FNK-+ P*-xK PJN =*HGNz-J2 P*,+-JN J2 PJN CP-0,/K-N NJ2LNy-zxK+ (J-P ! q02z+N2 *2P vu AzK-N2 D-*2PGzLN J,+ PJN #NF/N-z+*-zyK2LJLHNJ+ *2P PzFJ+ PJN IzK-N,NJ+GJxKN !N-2PN-*2L PN- B,0+0/N2 *,zFFN2,N+*2L J2 PN2 =JNPN-,xKGLN2o [JN J2+N-2JNPN-,xKGLN ,J2P J,0+0/J,xK GNJxK+N- zG, PJN PN, $0FFN-, B2 PN- '-zJ, H22N2 ,JxK )N-,xKJNPN2 zG+N D-*2P(,,N,*FFJN-N2 [z, '-0P*H+ Hz22 NJ2 >J,xK(z,,N- ,NJ2 (JN ^yy wv NJL+ CNz+K pqq
ts \GGLNFNJ2N CP-0LN0G0LJN ts "2LN,++JL+N $JuHN-(w,,N-02N [JN ^GGLNFNJ2N CP-0LN0G0LJN yNMz,,+ ,JxK FJ+ PN2 (NJ+LNMxKN-+N2 J2+N-PJ,J/GJ2 -N2 D-*2PGzLN2 *2P PN2 >N+K0PN2 PN- CP-0LN0G0LJN *2P 2JFF+ ,0 NJ2N >J++ GN-M*2H+J02 (J,xKN2 PN- DN0G0LJN DN0xKNFJN ]0PN2H*2PN CP-0G0LJN z,,N- (J-+,xKzM+ *2P NJ2JLN2 B2LN2JN*-(J,,N2,xKzM+N2 NJ2 [N- E0-,xK*2L,J2KzG+ J,+ Pz, *2+N-J-PJ,xKN z,,N- (NGxKN, NJ2N- *2LN,++JL+N2 $JxHN-(z,,N-02N *2P NJ2N- LN ,++JL+N2 D-*2P(z,,N-02N **0-P2N2 J,+ ^yy wu [JN *2LN,++JL+N 02N yN,+NK+ z*, PNF [-NJ/Kz,N2,,+NF DN,+NJ2,/z-+JHNG h ?*M+ h z,,N- B2 JK- (J-P *2+N-,xKJNPN2 (J,xKN2 PNF M-NJyN(NLGJxKN2 PN- $xK(N-H-zM+ *2+N-GJNLN2PN2 $JxHN-(z,,N- M-z2 Nz* P1J2XG+-z+J02 N2LG J2XG+-z+J02 (z+N- PNF
jahreszeitlich schwankend
Boden Sickerwasserzone Kapillarsaum
= ungesättigte Zone
Grundwasseroberfläche
Grundwasserzone = gesättigte Zone
Grundwasserüberdeckung
Grundwasserleiter
Sohlschicht
^yy wu CP-0LN0G0LJ,xKN DGJNPN-*2L PN, "2+N-L-*2PN, >z++KN,, *2P "yNGG wvn [B= uup #NJG v ppu
w CP-0LN0G0LJN
^yy wt pps
wasserungesättigte Bodenzone
(Bodenwasser) Bodenzone
Sickerwasser
wassergesättigte
w
Haftwasser
Bodenteilchen umgeben von Adsorptionswasser
offener Kapillarwasserraum Bodenluft mit Wasserdampf scheinbare Grundwasseroberfläche (geschlossener) Kapillarwasserraum Grundwasseroberfläche (p = Patm) Grundwasser
Z-,xKNJ2*2L,M0-FN2 *2P ]NNJxK2*2LN2 PN, *2+N-J-PJ,xKN2 z,,N-, CG+J2L
CzM+(z,,N- (NGxKN, zG, C*+xKN2 *2P '0-N2(JxHNG(z,,N- zPK,J) z2 ]0PN2/z- +JHNG LNy*2PN2 J,+ *2P PNF )02 PN- D-*2P(z,,N-0yN-VxKN Hz/JGGz- z*M,+NJLN2PN2 @z/JGGz-(z,,N- ]0PN2,z*L(z,,N- [JN DN,zF+KNJ+ PJN,N- ,,N- (J-P zG, ]0PN2 MN*xK+N yNNJxK2N+ ^yy wt N2+(0-MN2 )02 E *2HN- ,NJ+ pv (JNPN-K0G+ /*yGJJN-+ *2P 20xK zH+*NGG )N-PN*+GJxK+ PJN Z-,xKNJ2*2L,M0-FN2 PN, *2+N-J-PJ,xKN2 z,,N-, [JN D-*2P(z,,N-02N P K PN- D-*2P(z,,N-H-/N- z*xK D-*2P(z,,N--z*F LN 2z22+ yNLJ22+ P0-+ (0 Pz, z,,N- PJN C0KG-*FN *,zFFN2K2LN2P z*,MGG+ [N- ^y,+z2P PN- D-*2P(z,,N-0yN-VxKN *- Z-P0yN-VxKN PN- EG*-zy,+z2P Hz22 (J,xKN2 (N2JLN2 [NJFN+N-2 EGzxKGz2P *2P FNK-N-N2 K*2PN-+ >N+N-2 DNyJ-LN yN+-zLN2
tst DN,++JL+N D-*2P(w,,N-02N tst CP-0LN0G0LJ,uKN D-*2PGwLN2 [z, KP-0LN0G0LJ,xKN ZJ2+NJG*2L,/-J2J/ PN- LN0G0LJ,xKN2 @-/N- y( DN,+NJ2, )N-y2PN yz,JN-+ z*M PNF D-zP JK-N- [*-xKG,,JLHNJ+ *2P JK-N- NL,zFHNJ+ M- z, ,N- B2 ^2zG0LJN *- ZGNH+-JJ++ J,+ NJ2N "2+N-,xKNJP*2L J2 D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- D-*2P(z,,N-KzGyGNJ+N- *2P D-*2P(z,,N-2JxK+GNJ+N- )N-,+2PGJxK Z, GJNL+ J2 PN- %N Gz+J)J++ PN, ]NL-JdN, [*-xKG,,JLHNJ+ Pz,, PJN LNLN2,NJ+JLN ^yL-N2*2L 0M+ *2,xKz-M J,+ ]NJ,/JNG,(NJ,N Hz22 NJ2 ENJ2,z2P LNLN2yN- NJ2NF )JNG P*-xKG,,JLN-N2 @JN, zG, CzGy 0PN- =JxK+GNJ+N- (J-HN2 LGNJxKNJ+JL zyN- LNLN2yN- NJ2NF $xKG*d 0PN- #02 zG, D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- [JN #zy wv LJy+ NJ2N ~yN-,JxK+ yN- PJN yGJxKN2 *2P MG,xK GJxK 20xK )N-(N2PN+N2 ]NL-JdN ^yy ws )N-PN*+GJxK+ PJN LNy-*xKGJxKN2 KP-0LN0 G0LJ,xKN2 ]NL-JdN 0K2N Pz,, KJN- [N+zJG, N--+N-+ (N-PN2 H22N2 Z, (J-P z*M PJN [B= uup )N-(JN,N2 [B= uup #NJG v ppu
wv ^GGLNFNJ2N CP-0LN0G0LJN
w
#zyNGGN wv ]NNJxK2*2LN2 *2P ]NJ,/JNGN )02 D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 D( J,+ PJN yGJxKN ^y H-*2L M- D-*2P(z,,N- ]NNJxK2*2L
?NK2(0-+
MG,xKGJxK
D( ?NJ+N-
^.*JMN-
D( #-LN@JN,N $z2P@JN,DNFJ,xKN >J,xK D( C0-J02+ ,z2PN @zGH,+NJ2N $z2P,+NJ2N ]z,zG+N D( DN-J2LGNJ+N- ENJ2,z2PN Fz2xKN $xKG*dN LNHGM+N+N #02,+NJ2N Fz2xKN $z2P,+NJ2N D( $/N--ND-z2J+ D2NJ, $+NJ2,zG DJ/, D( $+z*NGW-Druckfläche (≠ GW-Oberfläche)
steiler Anstieg der GW- Oberfläche
Quelle GW-Sohle (GWUnterfläche)
GW-Leiter GW-Mächtigkeit
GWHemmer
GW-Nichtleiter
GW-Nichtleiter
unteres. GWStockwerk
Druck s
piege l de
GW-Leiter
s u nt e
r en G
kein GW-Austausch
W-St o ckw
erks
GW-Leiter
GW-Nichtleiter GW-Austausch möglich
Verwerfung
^yy ws
1. GWStockwerk
freies GW
GW-Deckfläche = Oberfläche des gespannten GW
2. GWStockwerk
oberes GWStockwerk
GW-Oberfläche = GW-Druckfläche
3. GWStockw.
D( CzGyGNJ+N- 0PN- ^.*J+z-PN D( CNFFND( =JxK+GNJ+N^.*JxG*PN ^.*JM*LN
]NJ,/JNGN
CP-0LN0G0LJ,xKN ]NL-JdN CG+J2L 3 \0GPN(N wp
D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- N2LG z.*JMN- M-z2 z.*JMN5-N ,J2P DN,+NJ2,H-/N- PJN C0KG -*FN N2+KzG+N2 *2P ,0FJ+ LNNJL2N+ ,J2P D-*2P(z,,N- J2 2*+yz-N- >N2LN * ,/NJ xKN-2 *2P (NJ+N-*GNJ+N2 [z, 0-+ D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- (J-P zG,0 KJN- ,202F FJ+ ^.*JMN- LNy-z*xK+ ZJ2JLN ^*+0-N2 yNNJxK2N2 INP0xK 2*- PN2 (z,,N-N-MGG+N2 #NJG NJ2N, D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-, zG, ^.*JMN- %JxK+N- * ?JGGJxK prt B2 DNyJN+N2 (0 Pz, D-*2P(z,,N- H2,+GJxK (NJ+-*FJL *2P *F #NJG yJ, * FNK-N-N2 K*2PN-+ >N+N+JNM zyLN,N2H+ (J-P ] zF =JNPN--KNJ2 J2 =0-P0,+,zxK,N2 *2P J2 PN- ?z*,J+ ,xKzd+ NJ2N ,0GxKN ]N+-zxK+*2L,(NJ,N NKN- !N-(J--*2L zG, @Gz-KNJ+ CP-0LN0G0LJ,xK (J-P (J,xKN2 '0-N2 @G*M+ *2P @z-,+L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 *2 +N-,xKJNPN2 B2 PN2 '0-N2L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 J-H*GJN-+ J2 PN- LN,zF+N2 (z,,N-LN,++JL+N2 02N Pz, z,,N- P-NJPJFN2,J02zG PJd*, PJN K0-J02+zGN %JxK+*2L Hz22 zG, E0GLN PN$xKJxK+*2L PN- DN,+NJ2N zGGN-PJ2L, yN)0-*L+ ,NJ2 BF N,N2+GJxKN2 Kz2PNG+ N, ,JxK
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w CP-0LN0G0LJN
*F @JN,N *2P $z2PN ,0(JN Lz2 ,NG+N2 *F /0-,N $z2P,+NJ2N FJ+ z22KN-2P LGNJxK FJLN2 GzFJ2z-N2 $+-F*2L,)N-KG+2J,,N2 JF C0KG-z*Fz2+NJG [JN,N- K2L+ )02 PN- @0-2L-N2)N-+NJG*2L $0-+JN-*2L *2P PN- E0-F PN- DN,+NJ2,/z-+JHNG (N2JLN)02 JK-N- D-N zy ENJ2 *2P FJ++NGH-2JLN, >z+N-JzG J,+ FNJ,+ L2,+JLN- ,0-+JN-+ FJ+ M-NJN2 (J,xKN2-*FN2 *2P )N-LGNJxK,(NJ,N L-0NF 2*+yz-N2 C0KG-z*Fz2+NJG ]NJ $z2PN2 yN+-L+ N- yJ, * v ; PN, LN,zF+N2 DN,+NJ2,)0G*FN2, B2 @G*M+L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 J-H*GJN-+ Pz, D-*2P(z,,N- JF N,N2+GJxKN2 (NJPJFN2 ,J02zG VxKN2KzM+ JF @G*M+-z*F * PJN,NF (N-PN2 2NyN2 @G*M+VxKN2 $xKJxK+M*LN2 *2P $/zG+N2 z*xK ^yHKG*2L,M*LN2 Fz2xKN- FzLFz+J,xKN- DN,+NJ2N LN-NxK2N+ ]N ,+JFF+N P*-xK @G*M+,,+NFN )0-LNNJxK2N+N %JxK+*2LN2 (N-PN2 yN)0-*L+ (J,xKN2 (NJ (z,,N-MK-N2PN2 #-N22M*LN2 J,+ Pz, DN,+NJ2 +-0xHN277 Z, (J-H+ JF HGNJ2N2 ]N-NJxK PN- zG, Cz2P,+xH77 yNNJxK2N+ (J-P *2P*-xKG,,JL * PN2 @G*M+L-*2P(z, ,N-GNJ+N-2 LNK-N2 ,/-PN $z2P,+NJ2N @zGH *2P [0G0FJ+,+NJ2N Fz2xKN P0G0FJ+J,xKN #02,+NJ2N @02LG0FN-z+N NJ2JLN &*z-/0-/K-N *2P ]z,zG+N @z--N2yN-L pq @z-,+L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- ,J2P .*z,J P*-xK xKNFJ,xKN ?,*2L z*MLN(NJ+N+N @G*M+ L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- ]LGJ prq [z, @z-,+L-*2P(z,,N- J-H*GJN-+ J2 ?2L,-JxK+*2L NJ2PJFN2,J02zG77 J2 GJ2Nz- z*,LN-JxK+N+N2 )JNGN @JG0FN+N- -NJxKN2PN2 )JNGMzxK LN (*2PN2N2 $/zG+N2 *2P CKGN2,,+NFN2 +G pru [N- =zxK(NJ, PN- D-*2P (z,,N-yN(NL*2L J2 PN2 $/zG+N2 Hz22 P*-xK >z-HJN-*2L,)N-,*xKN N-y-zxK+ (N-PN2 @,, ppw [JN,N ,0 LN2z22+N @z-,+J-H*Gz+J02 J,+ yN,xK-2H+ z*M -NGz+J) GNJxK+ G,GJxKN @zGH *2P [0G0FJ+,+NJ2N ^2KP-J+ *2P DJ/, ,0(JN JK-N >J,xKLGJNPN-
tstt DN0KP-w*GJ,uKN D-*2PGwLN2 ^*, LN0KP-z*GJ,xKN- $JxK+ (N-PN2 PJN DN,+NJ2N NJ2LN+NJG+ 2zxK JK-N- KP-z*GJ,xKN2 ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ zG,0 PN- [*-xKG,,JLHNJ+ JF (NJ+N,+N2 $J22N [z-*2+N- )N-,+NK+ Fz2 PJN ZJLN2,xKzM+ NJ2N, DNyJ-L,H-/N-, J2 PN- ]NPN*+*2L )02 DN,+NJ2,)N-yz2P *2+NyN,+JFF+N2 [-*xH)N-KG+2J,,N2 M- z,,N- *2P z2PN-N EG,,JLHNJ+N2 P*-xKG,,JL y( P*-xKVJNyz- * ,NJ2 [JN KP-z*GJ,xKN ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ K2L+ zy )0F 2*+yz-N2 *,zFFN2K2LN2PN2 P*-xKV*,,(J-H,zFN2 C0KG-z*F)0G*FN2 PNF C0KG-z*Fz2 +NJG Z, (J-P (J,xKN2 NJ2N- DNyJ-L, DN,+NJ2, *2P #-N22M*LN2P*-xKG,,JLHNJ+ *2 +N-,xKJNPN2 ]NJ PN2 ?0xHN-LN,+NJ2N2 N2+,/-JxK+ PJN DNyJ-L,P*-xKG,,JLHNJ+ PN- DN ,+NJ2,P*-xKG,,JLHNJ+n yNJ PN2 EN,+LN,+NJ2N2 yJGPN+ ,JN PJN $*FFN z*, #-N22M*LN2 *2P DNyJ-L,P*-xKG,,JLHNJ+ (0yNJ N-,+N-N P0FJ2JN-+ ]NJ PN2 '0-N2L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 (J-P PJN KP-z*GJ,xKN ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ NzH+ P*-xK PJN J2 N+(z JPN2+J,xKN2 ]NL-JdN [*-xKG,,JLHNJ+ *2P 'N-FNzyJGJ++ N-Mz,,+ Z2LNG Kz-P+ ps Z, Kz2PNG+ ,JxK *F NJ2N FN,,yz-N LN,+NJ2,,/NJX,xKN @02,+z2+N PJN IN(NJG, 2*- M- NJ2N2 yN,+JFF+N2 DN,+NJ2,H-/N- LJG+ Z2+,xKNJPN2P J,+ PJN IN(NJGJLN NK-zKG PN- @G*M+L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- (NJ,+ INP0xK J2 0yN-VxKN2 2zKN2 ]N-NJxKN2 yJ, * FNK-N-N2 K*2PN-+ >N+N- #JNMN HGzdN2PN #-N22M*LN2 z*M ,0 Pz,, P0-+ HNJ2N GzFJ2z-N D-*2P(z,,N-,+-F*2L )0-GJNL+ *2P PN,KzGy Pz, [z- x,xKN DN,N+ 2JxK+ LJG+ ZJ2N !N-(N2P*2L PN, HM N-+N, *- ]N,xK-NJy*2L PN, z, ,N-GNJ+)N-FLN2, ,0GxKN- @G*M+ ,0(JN z*xK PN- @z-,+L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- J,+ PN,KzGy *2H0--NH+ *2P J--NMK-N2P )LG Pz* ]N2PN- pqu CJN- NJL2N2 ,JxK *- ]N,+JF F*2L PN- KP-z*GJ,xKN2 ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ ^*dGG)N-,*xKN yNJ PN2N2 yN- D-*2P(z, ,N-FN,,-0K-N z,,N- J2 PN2 ^.*JMN- NJ2LNMGG+ 0PN- NJ2LN/-N,,+ (J-P ^*, PN- ^*M 2zKFNMKJLHNJ+ N-KG+ Fz2 [z+N2 *- ]N-NxK2*2L PN- [*-xKG,,JLHNJ+ ]NJ NJ2NF L2LJLN2 !N-MzK-N2 z*, PN- ]0K- *2P B2INH+J02,+NxK2JH (N-PN2 PJN z,,N-)N-G*,+N *FLN-NxK2N+ z*M ?J+N- /-0 >J2*+N /-0 >N+N- ]0K-G0xK yNJ yz- [-*xH yz- f >NLz 'z,xzG >'z (NGxKN ZJ2KNJ+ zG, ?*LN02 GFJ2 Y F Y >'z PNX2JN-+ J,+ ?*LN02 N2+,/-JxK+ NJ2NF HM N-+ 2zxK [z-x )02 N+(z t Y gr F, AxHGJ pr
tss D-*2P(w,,N-2N*vJGP*2L [z, N2+-zGN #KNFz PN- CP-0LN0G0LJN KNJ+ D-*2P(z,,N-2N*yJGP*2L N2LG -N xKz-LN N2,xKN2 z*M PJN D-*2P(z,,N-2N*yJGP*2L yGNJy+ PzyNJ *2xK,+ *2yN-xH,JxK+JL+ [z, D-*2P(z,,N- J,+ NJ2 DGJNP JF KP-0G0LJ,xKN2 @-NJ,Gz*M [JN,N- ,xKGJN+ =JN PN-,xKGzL = !N-P*2,+*2L ! 0yN-J-PJ,xKN2 ^yV*,, ^ B2XG+-z+J02 *2+N-J-PJ ,xKN2 ^yV*,, $/NJxKN-*2L $ JF "2+N-L-*2P P*-xK !N-2PN-*2L PN, EG*-zy,+z2P, *2P JNPN-z*,+-J++ PN, D-*2P(z,,N-, NJ2 [JN (J,xKN2 PJN,N2 @0F/02N2+N2 yN ,+NKN2PN2 FN2LN2FJLN2 *,zFFN2K2LN (N-PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-yJGz2LGNJxK*2L
wv ^GGLNFNJ2N CP-0LN0G0LJN
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N-Mz,,+ BF Gz2LIK-JLN2 >J++NG Hz22 Pz-z*, M- NJ2 -NLJ02zGN, ]N+-zxK+*2L,LNyJN+ PJN D-*2P(z,,N-2N*yJGP*2L,-z+N ^" yN-NxK2N+ (N-PN2 ^" f =g!g^ g$
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künstliche Neubildung
Niederschläge
künstliche Grundwasseranreicherung
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Reserveänderung
Bewässerungsverluste Entnahmen aus Grundwasserfassungen
Drainsysteme
Wasserhaltungen künstliche Entnahme
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Ca-HCO3 Ca-SO4
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Säuerling
Ca-HCO3-Säuerling
Vulkan schlot
CO2 CO2 CO2
CO2
Überdeckung
Gips
gefaltetes Grundgebirge
Kalkstein
Ton und Tonstein
Magmatit
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tps %NLJ02wGN !N-v-NJ+*2L #JNMN, D-*2P(z,,N- J,+ (NG+(NJ+ ,0(0KG )N-,zG+ zG, z*xK KKN- +NF/N-JN-+ D-*2P (z,,N- FJ+ PJN,N2 >N-HFzGN2 J,+ zG, PN- 20-FzGN V,,JLN B2KzG+ PN- '0-N2 @GM+N *2P ,02,+JLN2 C0KG-*FN PN- Z-PH-*,+N z2*,NKN2o >J2N-zG *2P #KN-FzG(,,N,J2P PzKN- 2JxK+, ]N,02PN-N, ,JN ,J2P 2JxK+ PJN ^*,2zKFN ,02PN-2 PJN %NLNG $JN (N-PN2 J2 ]N-L(N-HN2 zG, D-*yN2(,,N- *2P J2 Z-PGGzLN-,+++N2 zG, E0-Fz+J02, *2P %z2P(,,N- z2LN+-0dN2 >J2N-zG *2P #KN-FzG(,,N- )N-Pz2HN2 INP0xK JK-N2 zGGLNFNJ2N2 ]NHz22+KNJ+,L-zP PN- yzG2N0G0LJ,xKN2 =*+*2L %NLJ02zGN ]N,xK-NJy*2LN2 )02 >J2N-zG *2P #KN-FzG(z,,N-)0-H0FFN2 PNCNJGyPN- *2P JK-N- CNJG.*NGGN2 HzFN2 JF )0-JLN2 AzK-K*2PN-+ J2 >0PN [JN ^*+0 -N2 PJN,N- $xK-JM+N2 (z-N2 FNJ,+ -+N "2yN-+-0dN2 J2 ,NJ2NF B2M0-Fz+J02,(N-+ *2P J2 ,NJ2N- D-2PGJxKHNJ+ J,+ 2zxK (JN )0- Pz, [N*+,xKN ]PN-y*xK )02 pr CJF,+NP+ pr [JN IN(NJG, 2N*N,+N2 B2M0-Fz+J02N2 yN- PJN z2N-Hz22+N2 CNJGy PN- *2P @*-0-+N J2 [N*+,xKGz2P N2+KG+ PN- [N*+,xKN ]PN-HzGN2PN-77 [N*+,xKN]PN-)N-yz2P wv ,0(JN PJN w ^*MGzLN PN, [N*+,xKN2 ]PN-y*xKN, @,, 3 @,, wq ZJ2N ,NJ+ psq J2 '-zL z2LN,+-Ny+N DN,zF+,xKz* M- zGGN ?2PN- PN- Z-PN >J2N-zG z2P +KN-FzG (z+N-, 0M +KN (0-GP psp yGJNy GxHN2KzM+ ]N,xK-NJy*2LN2 GJNLN2 )0- FJ+ (NG+(NJ+N2 ~yN-,JxK+N2 >N,,J2J *2P [J ?0GG0 ptrn z-J2L pst M- >J++NGN*-0/z \z-GN6 prt M- )JNGN %NLJ02N2 J2 [N*+,xKGz2P >JxKNG ppr ,+N--NJxK +G *2P D0GPy-*22N- ppv *2P M- PJN $xK(NJ CLG pq
to w,,N-,uK*+ to w,,N--NuK+GJuKN D-*2P,+N D-*2P(z,,N- J,+ *2,N-N (N,N2+GJxKN z,,N--N,,0*-xN *2P Pz-M P*-xK J)JGJ,z+0-J,xKN ZJ2V,,N 2JxK+ )N-*2-NJ2JL+ (N-PN2 [NF D-*2P(z,,N-,xK*+ H0FF+ 0yN-,+N '-J0 -J++ * [B= w =zxK (JN )0- (N-PN2 J2 [N*+,xKGz2P N+(z r ; *2P JF ]N-NJxK PN- Z" ,0Lz- rt ; PN, )N-+NJG+N2 #-J2H(z,,N-, z*, D-*2P(z,,N- LN(022N2 D-*2P (z,,N- FJ+ #-J2H.*zGJ++ ,+NK+ 2JxK+ J2 *2yNL-N2+N- >N2LN *- !N-ML*2L D-*2P (z,,N-.*z2+J++ *2P .*zGJ++ F,,N2 J2 ^yK2LJLHNJ+ )02 2z+-GJxKN2 z,,N-Pz- LNy0+ *2P PNF z,,N-yNPz-M PN, >N2,xKN2 yN(J-+,xKzM+N+ y( LN,xK++ (N-PN2 [JN, +-Jd+ ,NGy,+)N-,+2PGJxK z*xK M- z,+zy (JN yNJ #-J2H(z,,N-,xK*+LNyJN+N2 z2*GNLN2 [N- .*z2+J+z+J)N $xK*+ PJN2+ PN- Z-KzG+*2L PN, B2PJ)JP**F, CNJG.*NG GN77 *2P -JxK+N+ ,JxK LNLN2 yN-Lyz*GJxKN *2P z2PN-N +JNMN ]0PN2NJ2L-JdN (JN ]z* L-*yN2 $+0GGN2 #JNMy0K-*2LN2 *z #zy wq [JN -NxK+GJxKN2 !0-z*,,N+*2LN2 *^*,(NJ,*2L )02 CNJG.*NGGN2,xK*+LNyJN+N2 ,J2P J2 PN2 ?z2PN,(z,,N-LN,N+N2 MN,+ LN,xK-JNyN2 [JN %JxK+GJ2JN2 *2+N-,xKNJPN2 P-NJ ]JGP*2L,+/N2 )02 PN2N2 (NJ #/ w *2P #/ v J2 ^yy wu )N-z2,xKz*GJxK+ ,J2P $JN N-M0-PN-2 IN(NJG, *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN $xK*+Fz2zKFN2 [z, ]JGP*2L,LNyJN+ )02 #/ J,+ N-,+-NxH+ yN- FNK- zG, HF J,+ zG,0 JF !N-LGNJxK *F ]JGP*2L,LNyJN+ )02 #/ w ,JNKN ^yy wu ,NK- )JNG L-N- [JN EGJN,,+NFN )02 #/ GJNLN2 ,NK- +JNM Z, Kz2PNG+ ,JxK )0-(JNLN2P Typ 3 Bildungsgebiet mehrere 100 m [3H < 25 TU]
sonstige flache Fließsysteme HQ
Überdeckung Heilwasser-Fließsystem
T
Rn
CO 2
H 2S Rn
Sohlschicht des Fließsystems
T
HQ Heilquelle T Temperatur
Typ 2 Bildungsgebiet mehrere 1000 m [3H < 1 TU]
HQ
sonstige flache Fließsysteme Überdeckung
H2S Rn
Rn
CO 2
Heilwasser-Fließsystem
^yy wu
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Sohlschicht des Fließsystems
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Pz,, Pz, !0G*FN2 2*- (N2JL *2JFF+ [zKN- G,,+ ,JxK NJ2N NJ2PN*+JLN ]NJNK*2L (J,xKN2 [JxK+N *2P PN- @02N2+-z+J02 z2 LNG,+NF $+0d >N,,*2L FJ+ ^-0FN+N- ] D-zP z,,N PN, z*MLNG,+N2 $+0dN, IN !0G*FN2 [JxK+N*2+N-,xKJNPN )02 z,,N- ,J2P yNJ PN2 P*-xK #NF/N-z+*-L-zPJN2+N2 z*,LN G,+N2 !0G*FN2,+-FN2 J2 L-0-*FJLN2 ]NKG+N-2 yNJ PN- ]N-NxK2*2L PN, ^*M +-JNy, )02 ZJ, *2P z*xK yNJ PN- ]N-NxK2*2L PN- >xK+JLHNJ+ )02 ,0 LN2z22+N2 $(z,,N-GJ2,N2 zG,0 $(z,,N-,xKJxK+N2 0yN-KzGy )02 $zG(z,,N- JF D-*2P(z,,Nz2 PN- @,+N *F >NN- * yN-xH,JxK+JLN2 [JN >xK+JLHNJ+ KF PN- $(z,,N- ,xKJxK+ (J-P 2zxK M0GLN2PN- DGNJxK*2L z*, PN- [JxK+NPJdN-N2 (J,xKN2 D-*2P(z, ,N- /L( f pps *2P >NN-(z,,N- /, f wq yN-NxK2N+o KF f KL( Y /L(/, g/L(
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*2xK,+ J,+ PJN >xK+JLHNJ+ PN- $(z,,N-GJ2,N yJ, J2 PJN =KN PN- @,+N2GJ2JN ,NK- L-0 ]NJ NJ2N- $xKJxK+ PN, D-*2P(z,,N-, )02 w F KL( f w F yN- PNF >NN -N,,/JNLNG -NJxK+ PJN $xKJxK+ PN, $(z,,N-, yJ, N+(z J2 sw F #JNMN KF f sw F $JN J,+ zyN- J2 PJN,N- >xK+JLHNJ+ 2JxK+ )N-MLyz- PN22 ,JN LNK+ ,NK- ,xK2NGG *-xH *2P N, H0FF+ * NJ2NF ZJ2y-*xK ,zGJ2N2 z,,N-, ]-zxH(z,,N- (N22 Pz, D-*2P (z,,N- z*M >NN-N,KKN zyLN,N2H+ (J-P KL( *2P PzFJ+ KF f [N- DNM-JN-/*2H+ J,+ )02 [-*xH *2P #NF/N-z+*- zyK2LJL DNG,+N $+0dN ,N2HN2 JK2 /-0/0-+J02zG *- >N2LN 2JxK+ *- >z,,N PN- LNG,+N2 >0GNHGN y( B02N2 [N- EzH+0- KNJ+ H-0,H0/J,xKN @02,+z2+N F0Gz-N DNM-JN-/*2H+N-2JNP-JL*2L B2 >NN-(z,,N- FJ+ t F0GG @0xK,zG =z\G zG,0 t F0GG =z+-J*FB02N2 *2P NyN2,0 )JNGN2 \KG0-JPB02N2 yN+-L+ PJN $+0dFN2LN F0GG [JN,N, z,,N- Kz+ NJ2N2 *F q\ N-2JNP-JL+N2 DNM-JN-/*2H+ DGNJxKNJ+JL )N-,xKJNy+ ,JxK J2 ,0GxKNF $zG(z,,NPz, [JxK+NFzJF*F z*M N-+N *2+N- PNF DNM-JN-/*2H+ (z, yNJ PN- #KN-FJH PN0GNHGN2 FJ+ PN2N2 PN, z,,N-, )0-z*, PJN FJ2PN,+N2, PJN z,,N-,+0d y-xHN2yJ2P*2L N-,N++ NLN2 PN- J2HNGM0-F PN, z,,N-F0GNHG, J,+ NJ2N NxK ,NG(J-H*2L FJ+ /0Gz-N2 $+0dN2 N-GNJxK+N-+ ,JN ,J2P NKN- (z,,N-G,GJxK *2P FJ+ *2 /0Gz-N2 $+0dN2 N-,xK(N-+ ,xK(N-G,GJxK J2 z,,N- '0Gz-N >0GNHGN ,J2P ,0GxKN >0GNHGN yNJ PN2N2 PJN $xK(N-/*2H+N PN- /0,J+J)N2 *2P 2NLz+J)N2 ?zP*2LN2 2JxK+ *,zFFN2MzGGN2 $0GxKN >0GNHGN F,,N2 yNJ ^22KN-*2L ^2JNK*2L,H-M+N z*M NJ2z2PN- z*,yN2 PJN JK- !N-KzG+N2 *NJ2z2PN- ,+z-H yNNJ2V*,,N2 [JN z,,N-G, GJxKHNJ+ )02 $+0dN2 2JFF+ FJ+ ,+NJLN2PN- '0Gz-J++ * [JN NxK,NG(J-H*2L PN- >0GNHGN PN, LNG,+N2 $+0dN, *2P PN, z,,N-, MK-+ yNJ $+0dN2 FJ+ B02N2yJ2P*2L ] =z\G * PN-N2 $/zG+*2L ,0 Pz,, JF z,,N- 2N*N $+0dN 2FGJxK )02NJ2z2PN- *2zyK2LJLN B02N2 N2+,+NKN2 [JN,N ^*M,/zG+*2L FzxK+ ,JxK J2,yN,02PN-N yNJ PN- NGNH+-J,xKN2 ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ PN, z,,N-, yNFN-Hyz- zyNz*xK (NLN2 PN- *2zKFN PN- 'z-+JHNGzKG yNJ PN- DNM-JN-/*2H+N-2JNP-JL*2L PN- $JNPN/*2H+,N-KK*2L *2P yNJF 0,F0+J,xKN2 [-*xH B02N2yJ2P*2LN2 PJN 2JxK+ LN,/zG+N2 (N-PN2 HN22NJxK2N2 PJN @0F/GNN ] PJN \z2JP@0F/GNN PN, =JxHNG, 0PN- z2PN-N- $xK(N-FN+zGGN =NyN2 PJN,N2 ,+z-HN2 @0F/GNN2 PJN z2zG+J,xK )02 PN2 LNG,+N2 B02N2 L*+ * *2+N-,xKNJPN2 ,J2P NJ, +JN-N2 z*xK ,xK(zxKN @0F/GNN PN- >N+zGGJ02N2 FJ+ $*GMz+ \z-y02z+ 0PN- CP -0GJ02N2 [JN,N !N-yJ2P*2LN2 (N-PN2 zG, ^.*zH0F/GNN yNNJxK2N+ [JN *2+N- ,xKJNPGJxKN2 ]J2P*2L,M0-FN2 (N-PN2 zG, $/NJN, NJ2N, >N+zGG, yNNJxK2N+ ] ^G* FJ2z+ 2NyN2 ^G*FJ2J*FB02 *2P NJ2 0PN- FNK-HN-2JLN2 ^G*FJ2J*FKP-00H0F /GNN2 [JN ]JGP*2L )02 $/NJN, N2LGJ,xKo ,/NxJz+J02 J,+ N2+,xKNJPN2P M- PJN J-
tw
v \KNFJN PN, z,,N-,
H*2L PN- >N+zGGN J2 PN- "F(NG+ ^2zG+J,xK J,+ ,JN 2JxK+ JFFN- *L2LGJxK )JNGFNKF,,N2 PJN $/NJN, z*, PN- DN,zF+H02N2+-z+J02 PN- >N+zGG)N-yJ2P*2LN2 *2P PNF /C N-+ yN-NxK2N+ (N-PN2 ^y,xK2 vw $J2P Gz2LHN++JLN >0GNHGN z*M PN- NJ2N2 $NJ+N /0Gz- *2P PzFJ+ NKN- (z,,N-G,GJxK *2P z2 JK-NF z2PN-N2 Z2PN *2/0Gz- ,0 -NJxKN-2 ,JN ,JxK z2 D-N2VxKN2 z2 0yN- VxKN2zH+J)N $+0dN #N2,JPN (NJG PJN *2/0Gz-N $NJ+N )0F z,,N- zyLN,+0N2 (J-P ^*, PN- '0Gz-J++ )02 $+0dN2 Hz22 z*M JK-N Z2+MN-2yz-HNJ+ yNJ PN- z,,N-z*MyN -NJ+*2L LN,xKG0,,N2 (N-PN2 "2/0Gz-N $+0dN H22N2 P*-xK ^P,0-/+J02 z2 ^H+J) H0KGN 0PN- Z+-zH+J02 FJ+ 0-Lz2J,xKN2 ?,NFJ++NG2 )0F z,,N- zyLN+-N22+ (N-PN2 DNG,+N Dz,N *2P GNJxK+VxK+JLN $+0dN (N-PN2 P*-xK ^*,Lz,N2 $+-J//N2 N2+MN-2+ B02N2 (N-PN2 P*-xK EGG*2L N2+MN-2+ D*+ G,GJxKN B02N2 (JN ] =zhB02N2 H22N2 2*- P*-xK >NFy-z2)N-MzK-N2 "FHNK-0,F0,N 0PN- 'Kz,N2yN-Lz2L PN, z,,N-, [N,+JGGz+J02 ZJ,yJGP*2L )0F z,,N- LN+-N22+ (N-PN2 !02 PN2 F0GNH*Gz-PJ,/N-,N2 $+0dN2 ,J2P PJN H0GG0JPPJ,/N-,N2 $+0dN CP-0H0G G0JPN * *2+N-,xKNJPN2 $JN KzyN2 NJ2N-,NJ+, NJ2N2 L-N-N2 [*-xKFN,,N- zG, PJN LNG,+N2 $+0dN *2P ,J2P z2PN-N-,NJ+, JF z,,N- z*ML-*2P JK-N- NFy-z2N2 (J-P *- "2+N-,xKNJP*2L )02 PN- "FHNK-0,F0,N zG, "G+-zXG+-z+J02 yNNJxK2N+ $+0dN FJ+ 20xK L-N-NF [*-xK FN,,N- KNJN2 #-y,+0dN 0PN- $*,/N2,z 0PN- zyXG+-JN-yz-N $+0dN >NJ,+ H22N2 z*xK PJN,N $+0dN 2*- P*-xK EG0xH*2L )0F z,,N- zyLN+-N22+ (N-PN2 [JN "2+N- ,xKNJP*2L PN- $+0dN JF z,,N- 2zxK JK-N- D-N NJL+ ^yy v 10 - 10 1Å
10 - 9
10 - 8
1 nm Moleküle, Ionen
Durchmesser in m 10 - 7
10 - 6
10 - 5
1µm
10 - 4
10 - 3 1 mm
Hydrokolloide (Huminstoffe, Tonminerale) Viren
suspendierte Partikel, Trübstoffe Bakterien Algen
^yy v
D-N2)N-+NJG*2L )02 $+0dN2 J2 z,,N-
B2 PN- E0-FNG,/-zxKN PN- #KN-F0P2zFJH P-xH+ ,JxK PJN ?,GJxKHNJ+ J2 NJ2N*2zKFN PN- Z2+-0/JN PN- ?,*2L JF !N-LGNJxK * PN- $*FFN PN- Z2+-0/JN2 MPN2 *2LNG,+N2 $+0d *2P M- -NJ2N, z,,N- z*, [z PJN M-NJN Z2+KzG/JN 2NLz+J) ,NJ2 F*,, PzFJ+ NJ2 '-0N,, M-NJ(JGGJL zyGz*MN2 Hz22 '-J2J/ PN, HGNJ2,+N2 (z2LN, M0GL+ Pz,, PJN ?,*2L,(-FN ?,*2L,N2+KzG/JN ,0(0KG /0,J+J)N N-+N N2P0+KN-FN %NzH+J02 zG, z*xK 2NLz+J)N N-+N N0+KN-F z22NKFN2 Hz22 Z0+KN-FN %NzH+J02 Z-(-F*2L J,+ yNJ PN- ?,*2L )02 (z,,N-M-NJN2 $zGN2 ] =zw$z,,N #zy vw [JN ^2LzyN PN- @02N2+-z+J02 N2+,/-JxK+ NJ2N- D-N2LGNJxK*2L JF $J22N )02 [B= v @0--NH+ J,+ ] PJN ^2LzyN x\zwh f u FF0GG J2 PN- %NJKN2M0GLNo D-N f zKGN2(N-+ Y ZJ2KNJ+
vs
BF EGJN+N+ (J-P PJN,N DGNJxK*2L z*MLNG,+ J2 u FF0GG \zGxJ*FB02N2 [zKJ2 LNLN2 J,+ PJN ^2LzyN u FF0G \zG *2LN2z* *2P FLGJxK,+ * )N-FNJPN2 *2*G,,JLN !N-FJ,xK*2L )02 D-N *2P ZJ2KNJ+ ,JNKN z*xK #zy vw [JN ?zP*2L PN- B02N2 (J-P )JNGMzxK (NLLNGz,,N2 *F HGz-*,+NGGN2 Pz,, PJN yGJxKN ^2zG+JH 2JxK+ PJN B0 2N2,/NJN, \zwh N-Mz,,+ ,02PN-2 PJN $*FFN zGGN- $/NJN, PJN \zGxJ*F N2+KzG+N2 z*xK PJN @0F/GNN PN, \zGxJ*F, >z,,N !0G*FN2 0PN- $+0dFN2LN2z2+NJGN y( LNKzG+N )LG [B= v H22N2 zG, -NGz+J)N- N-+ 0PN- *F PJN ^2LzyN2 ,NK- HGNJ2N- zKGN2 * )N-FNJPN2 z*xK
tu
v \KNFJN PN, z,,N-,
#zyNGGN vw @02N2+-z+J02,z2LzyN2 *2P "F-NxK2*2LN2 @02N2+-z+J02,z2LzyN2 zF ]NJ,/JNG PN, \zGxJ*F, $+0dFN2LN2H02N2+-z+J02 x\z J2 F0GFv 0PN- FF0GG $+0dFz,,NH02N2+-z+J02 @\z J2 LFv 0PN- FLGn "F-NxK2*2L @\z f x\z >\z .*J)zGN2+H02N2+-z+J02 x \z f w Y x\z J2 F0GF 0PN- FF0GG ^2+NJG (\z J2 ; /N- xN2+ 0PN- //F /z-+, /N- FJGGJ02 0PN- //y /z-+, /N- yJGGJ02 zKGN2(N-+N M- @02N2+-z+J02N2 zF ]NJ,/JNG PN, D-N2(N-+N, M- =J+-z+ g H0--NH+o x=0GN2y-*xK PJFN2,J02,G0, yNNJxK2N+ B2 PN- Dz,/Kz,N (J-P FJ+ ]N*L z*M Pz, JPNzGN Dz,LN,N+ z2 $+NGGN PN- @02N2+ -z+J02 PN- 'z-+JzGP-*xH FJ+ PN- $xK-NJy(NJ,N ] /\$ F0Gz-N >z,,N PN, $+0dN, $ J2 LF0G
[z+N2 *- ?,GJxKHNJ+ )02 Dz,N2 N2+KG+ #zy vv [JN J2 ~yN-NJ2,+JFF*2L FJ+ PN- #KN-F0P2zFJH * N-(z-+N2PN *2NKFN2PN ?,GJxKHNJ+ FJ+ PN- #NF/N-z+*+-J++ N-,+ yNJ KKN-N2 #NF/N-z+*-N2 NJ2 $0 N--NJxK+ J2JF*F ,NJ2N- ?,GJxKHNJ+ FJ+ @y f r yz- ]NJ s\ J,+ @y f w yz- yNJ w\ J,+ @y f wt yz- *2P yNJ v\ J,+ @y f sv yz-
#zyNGGN vv ?,GJxKHNJ+ z*,LN(KG+N- Dz,N JF z,,NDz,
?*M+ $z*N-,+0d $+JxH,+0d z,,N-,+0d 0G*F,+N IN $NH*2PN $JN ,J2P PJN ,xK2NGG, +N2 yN-Kz*/+ yNHz22+N2 %NzH+J02N2 J-P PJN NJ2N E0-F ] CP-02J*FB02N2 P*-xK %NzH+J02 FJ+ *,z+,+0dN2 yN,+JFF+ ,0 J,+ z*xK PJN z2PN-N E0-F ] NJ2 $*-N^2J02 FJ+ J2 PJN %NzH+J02 NJ2yN0LN2 PN22 N, LNGJ2L+ 2JxK+ J2 ,0 H*-NNJ+ (N2JLN- zG, K, PJN NJ2N PN- yNJPN2 $/NJN, * XJN-N2
su
v \KNFJN PN, z,,N-,
$*-N2 *2P ]z,N2 yJGPN2 $/NJN, PJN zG, H02I*LJN-+77 )02 NJ2z2PN- zyK2LJL yNNJxK2N+ (N-PN2 (N22 ,JN PN- LGNJxKN2 D-*//N *LNK-JL ,J2P @02I*LJN-+ ,J2P ] $xK(NMNG,*-N *2P $*GMz+N 0PN- 'K0,/K0-,*-N [JKP-0LN2 CP-0LN2/K0, /Kz+ *2P 'K0,/Kz+ [JN (JxK+JL,+N $*-N JF z,,N- J,+ Pz, z,,N- ,NGy,+ Z, ,/zG+N+ J2 LGNJxKNF >zN CP-02J*FJ02N2 CvN,,L-N2 x\zwh *2P @$uv N-M0GLN2 [z PJN,N yNJPN2 >N,, L-N2 yNJ PN- ]NGM+*2L 2JxK+ )N-2PN-+ (N-PN2 0y(0KG PN- /C N-+ ,+NJL+ J,+ PJN,N !z-Jz2+N NF/MNKGN2,(N-+ *2P yN,02PN-, L*+ M- PJN '-zJ, LNNJL2N+ B2 #zy v ,J2P PJN N2+,/-NxKN2PN2 /C N-+N *,zFFN2LN,+NGG+ [B= vquu #NJG @*-,J) J,+ PN-IN2JLN /C N-+ z2LNLNyN2 yNJ PNF yNJ LNLNyN2N2 ^2zG,N2(N-+N2 M- x\zwh *2P @$uv 20xK NJ2 \zGxJ+G,N)N-FLN2 )02 t FLG \z\z2 ,JNK+ Pz-z*, Pz,, PN- /C N-+ )02 (NJxKN2 ,,N-2 2JxK+ KKN- zG, N+(z rr * ,NJ2 y-z*xK+ *F NJ2 \zGxJ+G,N)N-FLN2 )02 t FLG \z\L GJxKHNJ+ yNJ Lz2 (NJxKN2 ,,N-2 z*xK NJ2N2 +JNMN-N2 /C N-+ NJ2*,+NGGN2 yNJ PNF PJN \zGxJ+G,NHz/zJ++ )02 t FLG \z\J2JFJN-*2L,LNy0+ (JPN-,/-NxKN2 = KN-*2L,(NJ,N LJG+o AN +JNMN- PN- /C N-+ J,+ PN,+0 KKN- J,+ PJN $xK(N-FN+zGGz*M 2zKFN z*, FN+zGGJ,xKN2 ?NJ+*2LN2 ^*N-PNF (J-H+ ,JxK PJN LN-J2LN *2zKFN z2 '*dN-Hz/zJ++ yNJ EJG+-z+J02 yN- >z-F0- Z-KK*2L )02 @$uv L2,+JL z*M Pz, !N-KzG+N2 LNLN2yN- FN+zGGJ,xKN2 N-H,+0dN2 z*, [JN, J,+ GN++GJxK PN- D-*2P (z -*F J2 PN- #-J2H(! NJ2N /C N-+Z-KK*2L z*M FJ2PN,+N2, rr )0-LN,xK-JNyN2 #zyNGGN v /C N-+ PN- \zGxJ+,++JL*2L yNJ ]NGM+*2L /C\^ yNJ \ J2 ^yK2LJLHNJ+ )0F \zGxJ*FLNKzG+ *2P )02 @$uv PN, z,,N-, H*-,J) ,J2P PJN IN(NJGJLN2 /C N-+N NJ2LN+-zLN2 yNJ PN2N2 20xK NJ2 \zGxJ+G,N)N-FLN2 )02 t FLG \z\ 2c(Ca)
0
^yy vs
1
2
3 4 5 KS4,3 in mmol/l
6
7
8
-0,05
mindest KB8,2 bei Belüftung 0
1
2 3 KS4,3 in mmol/l
B,0G+N2 PN- \zGxJ+,++JL*2L @zGH@0KGN2,*-NDGNJxKLN(JxK+
4
5
qu
v \KNFJN PN, z,,N-,
Fz2,]NPJ2L*2L NJ2N- .*J)zGN2 (J,xKN2 \zGxJ*F *2P @$uv y( F N-+ +-J++ J2 PN- '-zJ, 2*- ,NG+N2 z*M (NJG 2JxK+ 2*- \zGxJ+ ,02PN-2 z*xK zGGN z2PN-N2 \zG xJ*FFJ2N-zGN \zGxJ*FB02N2 zy,/zG+N2 *2P ,JxK PzFJ+ zF \zGxJ+LGNJxKLN(JxK+ yN +NJGJLN2 [z, DGNJxKN LJG+ M- zGGN \z-y02z+)N-yJ2P*2LN2 [JN [z-,+NGG*2L PN- B,0 G+N2 FJ+ PN2 [z+N2,+N2 2zxK #zy v NJL+ Pz,, ,JxK PJN .*J)zGN2PJdN-N2 Z[ f Fgw x\z 2JxK+ z*M PN2 N-+ 77 yN,xK-2H+ ,02PN-2 J2 PN- '-zJ, N-+N )02 hv yJ, g z22NKFN2 Hz22 [JN B,0G+N2 NJL2N2 ,JxK yN,02PN-, L*+ M- PJN L-z/KJ,xKN Z-FJ++G*2L PN- \zGxJ+ G,NHz/zJ++ CJN-* ,J2P M0GLN2PN $xK-J++N N-M0-PN-GJxKo F f @$uv gt J2 FF0GG yN,+JFFN2 *2P PN2 \zGxJ*FLNKzG+ FJ+ x\z f @\zus )02 FLG J2 FF0GG *F-NxK2N2n PJN .*J)zGN2PJdN-N2 Z[ f Fgw Y x\z yN,+JFFN2n FJ+ PNF N-+ )02 Z[ J2 ^yy vs PJN *+-NdN2PN B,0G+N z*,(KGN2n \zGxJ+G,NHz/zJ++ [x yN,+JFFN2 Pz, z,,N- J,+ 2*- xzGxJ+G,N2P (N22 Pz, N-+N/zz- @$uv *2P @]qw NJ2N2 >N,,/*2H+ GJ2H, )02 PN- *+-NdN2PN2 B,0G+N N-LJy+ KJN-* )0F >N,,/*2H+ @$uv *F w ZJ2KNJ+N2 JF [JzL-zFF 2zxK -NxK+, *2P @]qw *F NJ2N ZJ2KNJ+ 2zxK *2+N2 )N-,xKJNyN2 ,JNKN 'MNJG J2 ^yy vs yJ, *F $xK2J++/*2H+ FJ+ PN- *+-NdN2PN2 B,0G+Nn =N*N2 N-+ M- @$uv zyGN,N2 *2P PJN \zGxJ+G,NHz/zJ++ [x (JN M0GL+ yN,+JFFN2o [x f t Y @$uv 2zxK g@$uv )0- J2 FF0GG
vus
y( 2zxK >*G+J/GJHz+J02 FJ+ PN- F0Gz-N2 >z,,N s J2 FLG \z\J,xK(z,,N- ,NK- ,+z-H xzGxJ+G,N2P J,+ *2P PJN NFN2+LN y*2PN2N2 N-H,+0dN z2LNL-JdN2 (N-PN2 N22 PJN * FJ,xKN2PN2 ,,N- PN2 ^2 M0-PN-*2LN2 PN- #-J2H(z,,N-)N-0-P2*2L N2+,/-NxKN2 *2P 2zxK [!D ^-yNJ+,yGz++ ws )02 LGNJxKN- ]N,xKzdN2KNJ+ ,J2P (J-P JF >J,xK(z,,N- PJN \zGxJ+G,NHz/zJ++ )02 FLG 2JxK+ yN-,xK-J++N2 =zxK PN2 LGNJxKN2 D-*2P,+N2 ,J2P z*xK ^,yN,+NFN2+-0K-N * yN(N-+N2 >NN- pquo $0MN-2 PN- /C N-+ PN, z,,N-, LGNJxK 0PN- KKN- zG, PN- /C\ J,+ (J-P PJN >z+-J PN- %0K-(z2P*2L 2JxK+ z2LNL-JdN2 *2P HNJ2N Ez,N-2 FNK- z*,LN(z,xKN2 $NK- LN-J2LN Ez,N-H02N2+-z+J02N2 (N2JLN- zG, t G Ez,N-2 G2LN- zG, t KF JF z,,N- ,J2P z*N-0-PN2+GJxK ,xK(JN-JL 2zxK*(NJ,N2 ,NGy,+ yNJ ZJ2,z+ NJ2N, #-z2, FJ,,J02,ZGNH+-02N2FJH-0,H0/, #Z> ^*N-PNF yN(NL+ ,JxK PJN,N- N-+ JF ]N -NJxK PN- LN0LN2N2 ]NGz,+*2L PN- %0K(,,N- '-zH+J,xK Mz,N-M-NJ J,+ zG,0 NJ2 z,,Nz*, ^,yN,+NFN2+-0K-N2 (N22 Pz, Z-LNy2J, *2+N-KzGy PN- =zxK(NJ,L-N2N77 zG,0 #Z>"2+N-,*xK*2L > t G Gz*+N+ *2P PN- /C N-+ LGNJxK 0PN- KKN- /C\ GJNL+ 0yGJLz+0-J,xKN !0-z*,,N+*2L Z, LJy+ z*xK EGGN yNJ PN2N2 ,JxK P*-xK ZJ,N2zyGzLN -*2LN2 0PN- ]J0XGFN z*M PN- B22N2VxKN PN, %0K-N, (N2JL Ez,N-2 zyG,N2 z*xK (N22 /C > /C\ J,+ xzGxJ+G,N2PN, z,,N- [JN, -NJxK+ zyN- 2JxK+ M- NJ2N2 ]NM*2P M-NJ )02 ^,yN,+Mz,N-277 z*, E- NJ2N2 ,0GxKN2 ]NM*2P J,+ N, (J2LN2P N-M0-PN-GJxK Pz,, PN- /C\ NJ2LNKzG+N2 0PN- yN-,xK-J++N2 (J-P B2 ,0GxKN2 EGGN2 (N22 PN- /C N-+ Gz*MN2P H02+-0GGJN-+ *2P PJN LN2z22+N ]NPJ2L*2L NJ2LNKzG+N2 (J-P J,+ N, -z+,zF PJN ^,yN,+NFN2+-0K-N 2JxK+ z*,*+z*,xKN2 ,02PN-2 P0-+ * yNGz,,N2 (0 ,JN ,J2P BK-N ?NyN2,Pz*N- J,+ *2yNL-N2+ (N22 ,JN 2JxK+ FNxKz2J,xK yN,xKPJL+ 0PN- N-,+-+ (N-PN2 ]NJ K*XLN2 %0K-y-xKN2 J,+ (N2JLN- z2 NJ2N2 ^*,+z*,xK zG, z2 NJ2N ^y PJxK+*2L FJ+ NJ2NF J22N2GJNLN2PNF '0GN+KN2-0K- * PN2HN2
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v \KNFJN PN, z,,N-,
?z2LM-J,+JL ,0GG+N PJN B22N2z*,HGNJP*2L zGGN- ^,yN,+NFN2+-0K-N FJ+ @*2,+,+0d -0K-N2 'Z 0PN- '' J2 ]N+-zxK+ LN0LN2 (N-PN2 [JN Z2+(JxHG*2L )02 ^2GzLN2 *- F0yJGN2 !0-N PJ*F J2 PJN,NF EzGG Pz, z,,N- ZJ2N ,0GxKN NxK,NG(J-H*2L X2PN+ JFFN- ,+z++ !02 NJ2NF @0--0,J02,,xKzPN2 (J-P INP0xK 2*- Pz22 LN,/-0xKN2 (N22 PN- N-H,+0d J2 ,NJ2N- E*2H+J02 yNNJ2+-xK+JL+ 0PN- Pz, z,,N- 2zxK+NJGJL )N-2PN-+ (J-P ,JNKN z*xK [B= Z= B$< quu @0--0,J02 J,+ (NLN2 PN- )JNGMG+JLN2 +NJG(NJ,N 2JxK+ )0GG ,+2PJL yNHz22+N2 ZJ2V*,,L-N2 NJ2 ,+z+J,+J,xKN- !0-Lz2L [zKN- ,/-JxK+ Fz2 z*xK )02 PN- @0--0,J02,(zK-,xKNJ2GJxKHNJ+ PJN ,0 PNX2JN-+ J,+ Pz,, J22N-KzGy NJ2N- )0- LNLNyN2N2 ]N+-zxK+*2L,Pz*N- ] ?NyN2,Pz*N- NJ2N- B2,+zGGz+J02 HNJ2 @0--0 ,J02,,xKzPN2 z*M+-J++ [N- @0--0,J02,,xKzPN2 zF z,,N- P K PJN ]NNJ2+-xK+JL*2L PN- z,,N-yN,xKzdN2KNJ+ Hz22 PzKN- 2JxK+ zF Z-LNy2J, NJ2N- NJ2NG2N2 z,,N- /-0yN ] 2zxK $+zL2z+J02 yN(N-+N+ (N-PN2 !JNGFNK- ,J2P PJN )N-y-z*xK, *2P (N-H,+0d,/NJX,xKN2 ZJ2V*,,L-N2 * yN-xH,JxK+JLN2 [B= tpv [B= tpv [B= tpvs
vv N-H,+0d *2P z,,N-
pt
[N- ]NL-Jd @0--0,J02 yNJNK+ ,JxK z*M z20-Lz2J,xKN N-H,+0dN *2P KJN- (JNPN-*F )0-(JNLN2P z*M >N+zGGN ]NJ NFN2+ ,/-JxK+ Fz2 ,NG+N2 )02 @0--0,J02 *2P J2 ]N*L z*M @*2,+,+0dN (J-P PJN,N- ]NL-Jd yN-Kz*/+ 2JxK+ )N-(N2PN+ [z, !N-,+2P2J, PN@0--0,J02 )02 >N+zGGN2 N-M0-PN-+ LN(J,,N @N22+2J,,N PN- NGNH+-0xKNFJ,xKN2 !0- L2LN PN- ]NPN*+*2L *2P E*2H+J02 )02 [NxH,xKJxK+N2 ,0(JN PN- -+GJxKN2 @0- -0,J02 ZGNFN2+yJGP*2L PJN zG, ?0xKM-z yNNJxK2N+ (J-P [JN @0--0,J02 )02 >N+zGGN2 J,+ NJ2 NGNH+-0xKNFJ,xKN- !0-Lz2L [JN >N+zGGN LNKN2 zG, @z+J02N2 P*-xK N+zGGB02N2 (z2PN-2 JFFN- N-,+ J2 PJN z,,N-,xKJxK+ *2P PJN [NxH,xKJxK+ (xK,+ JFFN- )0F z,,N- z*, P*-xK ^yGzLN-*2LN2 z*M PN- zG+N2 $xKJxK+ *2P 2JxK+ )02 PN- %0K-(z2P*2L ZJ2N K2GJxK PJxK+N *2P LGNJxKFJLN [NxH,xKJxK+ (JN Pz, ^G*FJ2J*F yJGPN+ Pz, ]GNJ ]GNJ(NJ *2P Pz, J2H yz,J,xKN, J2Hxz-y02z+ [JN ]GNJPNxH,xKJxK+ J,+ GNJPN,0(NJ+ G,GJxK Pz,, yNJ $+zL2z+J02 PN, z,,N-, J2 ]GNJ-0K-N2 PN- LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN ?NJ+(N-+ KLG 'y yN-,xK-J++N2 (J-P ^2,02,+N2 N-MGG+ ,JN zGGN ]NPJ2L*2LN2 MNJ2N2 KN-)0--zLN2PN2 @0--0,J02,,xK*+ [N- N-H,+0d ]GNJ J,+ ,NK- Gz2LGNyJL GNJ PN-8 J2H J,+ yNJ (NJ+NF 2JxK+ ,0 H0--0,J02,yN,+2PJL (JN ]GNJ 0y(0KG N, z*xK NJ2N LGNJxKFJLN [NxH,xKJxK+ yJGPN+ CJN- ,+-+ PJN *F PN2 EzH+0- K*2PN-+ L-N-N ?,GJxKHNJ+ PN, yz,J,xKN2 J2Hxz-y02z+, JF !N-LGNJxK * ]GNJ(NJ [JN, MK-+ * NJ2N@02N2+-z+J02 )02 N+(z yJ, FLG 2 JF z,,N- IN 2zxK z,,N-yN,xKzdN2KNJ+ ZJ2N !N-J2H*2L )02 $+zKG-0K-N2 yJN+N+ NJ2N2 z*,LNNJxK2N+N2 @0--0,J02,xK*+ [z Pz, J2H *2NPGN- zG, ZJ,N2 J,+ (J-P Pz, ZJ,N2 NGNH+-0xKNFJ,xK Hz+K0PJ,xK )0@0--0,J02 LN,xK++ ]NJ PN- !N-J2H*2L yJGPN2 ,JxK 2NyN2 %NJ2J2H )N-,xKJNPN2N ZJ,N2J2H?NLJN-*2L,/Kz,N2 [JN,N (N-PN2 JF !N-Gz*M PN, @0--0,J02,)0-Lz2LN, z2LNL-JdN2 ^*M PNF M-NJLNGNL+N2 ZJ,N2 H22N2 [NxH,xKJxK+N2 N2+,+NKN2 PJN zG, E0GLN )02 ^G+N-*2L PJxK+N $xK*+,xKJxK+N2 yJGPN2 !N-J2H+N %0K-N (N-PN2 /-zH+J,xK 2*- P0-+ NJ2LN,N++ (0 Pz, z,,N- K*XL ,+zL 2JN-+ 0PN- ,NG+N2 VJN+ zG,0 2*- J2 PN- Cz*,J2,+zGGz+J02 @*/MN- yJGPN+ GNJPN- HNJ2N PJxK+N2 [NxH,xKJxK+N2 (JN N+(z ^G*FJ2J*F ]GNJ 0PNJ2H ]NJ $+zL2z+J02 H0FF+ PJN @0--0,J02 2JxK+ N+(z (NLN2 PN- [JxHN PN- [NxH ,xKJxK+ *F $+JGG,+z2P ,02PN-2 PzP*-xK Pz,, PN- LNG,+N $z*N-,+0d z*MLNy-z*xK+ (J-P [-NJ >J2N-zGJN2 GzLN-2 ,JxK z*M PN- @*/MN-VxKN zyo Pz, G,GJxKN \*/-J+ \*wzGzxKJ+ Pz, %NLJFN N, yJGPN+ ,JxK PN- LN(2,xK+N >zGzxKJ+%z,N277 *2P N, (N-PN2 ,NGy,+ yNJ /C r Hz*F N-+N yN- FLG \* LNFN,,N2 [N- J2 PN- #-J2H(! LN2z22+N N-+ )02 /C ru 0yN-KzGy PN,,N2 2JxK+ FJ+ (xKN2+GJxKN2 [*-,xK,xK2J++,(N-+N2 yN- w FLG * -NxK2N2 ,NJ J,+ PNF2zxK NJ2N !N-NJ2MzxK*2L PJN 2JxK+ J2 zGGN2 EGGN2 *+-Jd+ =0xK H0F/GNN- zG, yNJF @*/MN- ,J2P PJN !0-L2LN yNJ PN- @0--0,J02 )02 ZJ,N2 [N- !0-Lz2L (J-P P*-xK NJ2N (NJ,+*XLN @J2N+JH yNKN--,xK+ ZJ,N2 LNK+ JFFN- zG, ENwhB02 J2 ?,*2L Z, LJy+ Hz*F ,xK(N-G,GJxKN !N-yJ2P*2LN2 PN, (NJ(N-+JLN2 ZJ,N2, )0F !J)Jz2J+ ZJ,N2BB'K0,/Kz+ zyLN,NKN2 Pz, H-J,+zGGJ2N $+-*H+*- Kz+ *2P PN,(NLN2 *- [NxH,xKJxK+yJGP*2L *2LNNJL2N+ J,+ B2 NJ2NF (NJ+N2 )02 PNNJLN2+GJxKN2 @0--0,J02 *2zyK2LJLN2 *2P Gz2L,zF zyGz*MN2PN2 '-0N,, (J-P Pz, (NJ(N-+JLN ZJ,N2J02 * P-NJ(N-+JLNF ZJ,N2 0JPJN-+ Pz, *2)N-LGJxK z*,MGG+ (0 z*xK JFFN- PJN N+zGGN2 [JN ]NPN*+*2L PN, /C N-+N, M- PJN @0--0,J02 (J-P (z- )02 PN2 EzxKGN*+N2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxK yN(N-+N+ ,JN J,+ zyN- ,0(0KG J2 ]N*L z*M PJN @J2N+JH PN- [NxH ,xKJxK+yJGP*2L zG, z*xK *2P yN,02PN-, J2 ]N*L z*M PJN ?,GJxKHNJ+ PN- @0--0,J02, /-0P*H+N NKN- 2zxK)0GGJNKyz- zG, NJ2N z2LNyGJxKN J-H*2L PN- @0KGN2,*-N E0G LN2PN Ez*,+-NLNG J,+ J2 ]N*L z*M PJN ]NPN*+*2L PN, /C N-+N, z2(N2Pyz-o PJN @0--0,J02 2JFF+ zy FJ+ ,+NJLN2PNF /C N-+ ,0MN-2 ,JxK 2JxK+ yNJ ,NK- K0KN2 /C N-+N2 CP-0Gz2J02N2 yJGPN2 J2Hz+ ^G*FJ2z+ EN--z+ ,JNKN ^y,xK2 vwn PN- /C]N-NJxK rq yJ, qt J,+ z*, H0--0,J02,+NxK2J,xKN- $JxK+ yN,02PN-, L2,+JL [N- ,0 PNX2JN-+N L2,+JLN /C]N-NJxK N-LJy+ ,JxK NJ2N-,NJ+, z*, PN2 ?,GJxKHNJ+>J 2JFz PN- N+zGGN PN- [NxH,xKJxK+N2 ,JNKN ^y,xK2 vw Z- N2+,/-JxK+ zyN- z*xK /-zH+J,xKN2 Z-MzK-*2LN2 >NN- pq (N22 z*xK 2*- zG, Ez*,+-NLNG *2P 2JxK+ 2zxK NzH+ (J,,N2,xKzM+GJxKNF ]N(NJ, B2,yN,02 PN-N J,+ PJN 0yN-N D-N2N *2LN2z* ,JN H22+N z*xK /C p 0PN- pt Gz*+N2 INPN2MzGG, M- @*/MN- *2P ZJ,N2(N-H,+0dN (NJMNG,0K2N yNL2,+JL+ PJN,N Ez*,+-NLNG 'G2N M- NJ2N N2+-zGN #NJGN2+K-+*2L PN22 PN- LN2z22+N L2,+JLN /C]N-NJxK J,+ 2*- JF C-+NyN-NJxK B yJ, BB ,JNKN ^yy vt *2P ^y,xK2 r -NzGJ,JN-yz- B2 PJN,N, PJdJJGN DGNJxKLN(JxK+ (J,xKN2 ]JGP*2L *2P N-,+-*2L )02 [NxH ,xKJxK+N2 Hz22 P*-xK PJN [0,JN-*2L )02 'K0,/Kz+N2 NJ2LNL-JdN2 (N-PN2 zyN- 2JxK+ JFFN- FJ+ NJ2NF /0,J+J)N2 Z-LNy2J, =*- NJ2N, G,,+ ,JxK FJ+ $JxKN-KNJ+ ,zLN2 Pz,, 2FGJxK yNJ (N2JL P*-xK,+-F+N2 %0K-N2 z*, ZJ,N2(N-H,+0dN2 PJN y-z*2N Ez-yN )N-,xK(J2PN+ (NJG PJN ,JxK yJGPN2PN2 ZJ,N2/K0,/Kz+N *2P z*xK PJN !0-G*MN-/-0 P*H+N PJN ^2GzLN-*2LN2 )02 'K0,/Kz+ z2 ZJ,N2KP-0JP (NJ ,J2P =JFF+ Fz2 z2 Pz,, PJN '*,+NG2 PN- ZJ,N2H0--0,J02 ^yy vp GzyJG ,J2P *2P ,JxK ,+2PJL *F GzLN-2 0PN- 2N* yJGPN2 ,0 H22+N PJN,N =N*yJGP*2L P*-xK 'K0,/Kz+ *2+N-y*2PN2 (N-PN2 PN22 ,0(0KG (NJ(N-+JLN, zG, z*xK P-NJ(N-+JLN, ZJ,N2 yJGPN2 ,xK(N-G,GJxKN 'K0,/Kz+N !J)Jz2J+ y( $+-N2LJ+ J-H,zF J,+ Pz, >020/K0,/Kz+ '0G/K0,/Kz+N (J-HN2 NKN- zG, @-J,+zGGJ,z+J02,J2KJyJ+0-N2 PN22 zG, [NxH,xKJxK+yJGP2N- [N- *,z+ )02 'K0,/Kz+N2 zG, @0--0,J02,J2KJyJ+0-N2 ,0GG+N 2*- N2+-zG JF z,,N-(N-H N-M0GLN2 [!D ^-yNJ+,yGz++ wq !JNGMzxK (J-P Fz2 2JxK+ 0K2N !N-,*xKN JF !N-,0- L*2L,LNyJN+ z*,H0FFN2 (N22 PJN [0,JN-*2L )02 'K0,/Kz+N2 J2 ]N+-zxK+ LN0LN2 (J-P [zyNJ J,+ z*xK PJN *F(NG+,xKPGJxKN J-H*2L PN, 'K0,/Kz+, * yNPN2HN2 Z*+-0/KJN-*2L ,JNKN ^y,xK2 r (JN z*xK PJN 2zxK+NJGJLN J-H*2L z*M !N-HNJ
vv N-H,+0d *2P z,,N-
pp
F*2L JF %0K-2N+ B2,LN,zF+ J,+ NJ2N 'K0,/Kz+P0,JN-*2L 2*- (NJ+N zKG *F @0--0,J02,/-0yGNFN * yNKN--,xKN2 $JN J,+ zyN- JFFN- Pz22 z2LNFN,,N2 (N22 ] NJ2 !N-,0-L*2L,LNyJN+ z*M ,,N- *FLN,+NGG+ (J-P PJN 2zxK [!D ^-yNJ+, yGz++ ws )02 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN- ]N,xKzdN2KNJ+ ,J2P ] )02 Kz-+NF D-*2P(z,,Nz*M (NJxKN, #zG,/N--N2(z,,N- K-N2P PN- "F,+NGG*2L -NzLJN-N2 PJN @0--0,J02, /*,+NG2 PN, ZJ,N2 (NLN2 PN- (NxK,NG2PN2 B02N2LNKzG+N *2P PN- (NxK,NG2PN2 EGJN -JxK+*2LN2 yN,02PN-, GzyJG [JN FJ+ PN- K*XLN2 ^*V,*2L )02 '*,+NG2 *,zFFN2 K2LN2PN ]-z*2M-y*2L Hz22 P*-xK 'K0,/Kz+P0,JN-*2L zyLNMz2LN2 (N-PN2 =0xK *2yN-,JxK+GJxKN- J,+ PJN J-H*2L )02 $JGJHz+N2 !N-F*+GJxK (J-H+ ,JxK NJ2 *,z+ )02 z,,N-LGz, Kz*/+,xKGJxK PN,(NLN2 L2,+JL z*, (NJG PzP*-xK PN- /C N-+ z2LNK0yN2 (J-P B2 PJN,N, ]JGP PN- @0--0,J02,KNFF*2L P*-xK [NxH,xKJxK+yJGP*2L ML+ ,JxK Pz, ]JGP )02 G0HzGN2 @0--0,J02,,+NGGN2 ,0L @0--0,J02,NGNFN2+N2 ?0xKM-z zG, $+ -*2L PN- [NxH,xKJxK+ [z @0--0,J02 JFFN- ,+z++X2PN+ ,JNKN [B= tpv ,0GG+N ,JN K0F0LN2 yN- PJN LN,zF+N EGxKN )N-+NJG+ ,NJ2 B2K0F0LN2J++N2 ,0GG+N2 zF yN,+N2 Lz- 2JxK+ 0PN- (N22 ,JN *2)N-FNJPyz- ,J2P K*XL *2P z*M N2L,+NF %z*F z*M+-N+N2 /,N*P0K0 F0LN2 $0 H022+N ] PJN @0--0,J02 )02 )N-xK-0F+NF ZJ,N2 P*-xK >JH-0-J,,N J2 PN- \K-0F,xKJxK+ ,0(NJ+ yN- PJN LN,zF+N N+zGG0yN-VxKN PN- ZGNFN2+ yJGP*2L Z- Kz+ (NJ "-,zxKN2o ,+z+J,+J,xK yNLJ22+ ?0xKM-z J-LN2P(0 z*M PN- >N+zGG0yN-VxKN yNJ * K0KNF DNKzG+ PN, z,,N-, z2 $*GMz+ 0PN- \KG0-JPB02N2 (N22 PJN '*dN-Hz/zJ++ 2JxK+ z*,-NJxK+ [0-+ H22N2 ^20PN2 N2+,+NKN2 z2 PN- ,JxK Pz, >N+zGG z*V,+ -+GJxK LN+-N22+ Pz)02 (J-P z2 @z+K0PN2 ] $z*N-,+0d -NP*JN-+n G0HzG N2+,+NK+ ?0xKM-z (N22 PN- ^2+-z2,/0-+ )02 $z*N-,+0d *2+N- ^yGzLN-*2LN2 yNKJ2PN-+ (J-P ?0HzGNGNFN2+N ]NGM+*2L,NGNFN2+N \$xKJxK+N2 z*M @*/MN- 0PN@0--0,J02 z2 @-J,+zGGL-N2N2 yNJ 2JxK+-0,+N2PNF $+zKG CJN- N2+,+NKN2 ^20PN2 (K-N2P PJN EGxKN2 FJ+ *2LNKJ2PN-+NF $z*N-,+0d*+-J++ PJN @z+K0PN2 ,J2P ^G, Z-LNy2J, )02 ,+z+J,+J,xKN2 ^*,(N-+*2LN2 M0GL+ PN- D-*2P,z+ Pz,, Pz, F0Gz-N !N-KG+2J, PN- $*FFN z*, \KG0-JP *2P $*GMz+H02N2+-z+J02 * @$uv yNJ *2GNLJN-+NF
v \KNFJN PN, z,,N-,
2JNP-JLGNLJN-+NF *2P MN*N-)N-J2H+NF $+zKG PN2 N-+ )02 2JxK+ *2+N-,xK-NJ+N2 ,0GG+N [B= tpv "2+N- PJN,N- ]NPJ2L*2L H22N2 ,JxK ?0HzGNGNFN2+N 2JxK+ ,+z yJGJ,JN-N2 [JN, J,+ J2,yN,02PN-N yNJ PN- #NJGN2+K-+*2L * yNzxK+N2 [N,(NLN2 J,+ ] J2 PN2 =JNPN-Gz2PN2 PJN \zGxJ+MGG*2L P*-xK *,z+ )02 =z+-02Gz*LN N-Gz*y+ PN22 PzyNJ (J-P @$uv (N2JLN- ,+z-H -NP*JN-+ zG, (N22 ,JN P*-xK *,z+ )02 \zz,,J)N FJH-0yJNGGN @02+zFJ2z+J02 )02 #-J2H(z,,N-,/N2PN-2 ,NK- K*XL P*-xK ' zN-*LJ20,z Kz+ JK-N "-,zxKN J2 PN- Fz2LNGKzM+N2 &*zGJ++ )02 $xKG*xKN2 PJN M- PN2 ^2,xKG*,, ,0GxKN- DN-+N z2 PJN Cz*,J2,+zGGz+J02 )N-(N2PN+ (N-PN2 @*2,+,+0d,xKG*xKN J2,yN,02PN-N ,0GxKN PJN NJxKFzxKN- N2+KzG+N2 ,J2P M#-J2H(z,,N- *2LNNJL2N+ Z-KNyGJxKN '-0yGNFN yN,+NKN2 yNJF ^2,xKG*,, )02 2JxK+ 0-+,MN,+N2 ^2GzLN2 z2 PJN dN2+GJxKN !N-,0-L*2L ] 0xKN2F-H+N 0PN- $/0-+y00+N (N22 Dz- +N2,xKG*xKN 0PN- z2PN-N *2LNNJL2N+N $xKG*xKN )N-(N2PN+ (N-PN2 >z,,J)N !N-HNJF*2LN2 PN, z,,N-, J2 ^*,PNK2*2L,LNMN2 z2 z-F(z,,N-y0J GN-2 KzyN2 PJN LGNJxKN "-,zxKN 2FGJxK *2LNNJL2N+N @*2,+,+0dN PJN M- PJN >NF y-z2N2 )N-(N2PN+ (N-PN2 *2P 2JxK+ wr N2+,/-NxKN2
vv N-H,+0d *2P z,,N-
v
>z,,J)N !N-HNJF*2LN2 )02 LNVJN,+N2 0PN- FJ+ DGz,/Gz++N2 z*,LNHGNJPN+N2 z, ,N-yNKG+N-2 KzyN2 JK-N "-,zxKN J2 0-Lz2J,xKN2 *,+N2 *F E*LN2Fz+N-JzG 0PNJ2 %N,+N2 )02 !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 J2 C0KG-*FN2 KJ2+N- PN2 'Gz++N2 Z, NF/XNKG+ ,JxK z*M EGJN,N2 *2P 'Gz++N2 * )N-JxK+N2 *2P 2*- NFN2+F-+NG 2zxK vur M- PJN ^*,HGNJP*2L )02 ]NKG+N-2 * )N-(N2PN2 #-y*2LN2 PN, z,,N-, z*, z/MKK2N2 PN- Cz*,J2,+zGGz+J02 ,J2P 2JxK+ 2*- z*M @0--0,J02 )02 FN+zGGJ,xKN2 %0K-N2 *-xH*MK-N2 =JxK+ ,NG+N2 J,+ z*xK PJN ^yG,*2L )02 ]J0XGFN2 0PN- )02 ,xK*//N2z-+JLN2 #NJGN2 PN- 0-NG E>> *2P CN-J2L AD ppvo '-J2xJ/GN, z2P ^//GJxz+J02, 0M ^.*z+Jx \KNFJ,+- A0K2 JGN 3 $02, =N( 0-H =J,,J2L E-JNKN *2P $xK(N2H pqwo ~yN- PN2 ZJ2V* PN, $z*N-,+0dLNKzG+N, PN, /C N-+N, *2P PN- $+-F*2L,LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ z*M PJN @0--0,J02 MN*N-)N-J2H+N- *2P *2)N-J2H+N- *2GNLJN-+N- $+zKG-0K-N J2 #-J2H(z,,N- N-H,+0dN *2P @0--0,J02 vv $ vus vtp
q
v \KNFJN PN, z,,N-,
=J,,J2L *2P @GNJ2 = ppso /C N-+Z-KK*2L yNJ PN- B2yN+-JNy2zKFN )02 D* *2P $+zKG-0K-GNJ+*2LN2 FJ+ NFN2+F-+NG^*,HGNJP*2LN2 yy- z,,N- *2P %0K-yz* ur $ ws v $JLL ? *2P $+*FF ppso ^.*z+J,xKN \KNFJN u ^*VzLN ]D#N*y2N- !N-GzL $+*++Lz-+ $+*FF >0-Lz2 AA ppto ^.*z+Jx \KNFJ,+-J v ^*VzLN A0K2 JGN 3 $02, =N( 0-H $xK0xH >% *2P ?+GN [^ ppto ZdNx+ 0M /C [B\ >z2zKFN2 JF ?zy0-zGG+zL * /-MN2 [JN E0-PN-*2L Pz,, PJN,N E*2H+J02 *2zyK2LJL )02 PN- PJ-NH+N2 ?zy0-GNJ+*2L ,NJ2 F*,, yN-NJ+N+ )0- zGGNF HGNJ2N-N2 ?zy0-z+0-JN2 N-KNyGJxKN $xK(JN-JLHNJ+N2 [JN ZJ2,+NGG*2L NJ2N, (NJ+N-N2 >J+z-yNJ +N-, J,+ J2 PN2 FNJ,+N2 EGGN2 2JxK+ FLGJxK B2 PN- '-zJ, Kz+ ,JxK PzKN- PN- @0F /-0FJ,, yN(K-+ Pz,, PN- &>] JF %zKFN2 ,NJ2N- #+JLHNJ+77 *2zyK2LJL )02 PN- ?zy0-GNJ+*2L ,NJ2 F*,, P K 2JxK+ (NJ,*2L,LNy*2PN2 ^*xK (N22 PJN,N- >L GJxKHNJ+ J2 PN- ^2Mz2L,/Kz,N )JNG $HN/,J, N2+LNLN2LNy-zxK+ (*-PN ,0 yN-N*L+N P0xK J2 )JNGN2 EGGN2 Pz, E*2H+J02JN-N2 PN, &>$,+NF, *2+N- PJN,N2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 K-N2P ] ^2zG,N)N-MzK-N2 H02H-N+N !0-LNKN2,(NJ,N2 yNJ2KzG+N2 yN-NJ+N+ PJN E0-F*GJN-*2L )02 &*zGJ++,JNGN2 *2P &*zGJ++,/0GJ+JH 0M+ N-KNyGJxKN $xK(JN-JL HNJ+N2 [zyNJ (N-PN2 ,JN J2 PN2 FNJ,+N2 EGGN2 (N22 z*xK JF CJ2+N-L-*2P *2P 0M+ 0K2N H02H-N+N E0-F*GJN-*2L )02 PN2 ?zy0-z+0-JN2 )N-(J-HGJxK+ [JN E0-F*GJN-*2L PN- &*zGJ++,JNGN ,+NGG+ NJ2N2 P2zFJ,xKN2 !0-Lz2L Pz- PN- 2zxKKzG+JL *2P ,+N+JL PJN &*zGJ++ ,JxKN-2 ,0GG [JN &*zGJ++,JNGN ,0GGN2 * ]NLJ22 NJ2N, INPN2 AzK-N, M0- F*GJN-+ *2P FJ+ zGGN2 >J+z-yNJ+N-2 PJ,H*+JN-+ (N-PN2 [JN "F,N+*2L J,+ zF Z2PN PN, AzK-N, * /-MN2 [JN,N ]N(N-+*2L F*,, J2 PJN (NJ+N-N &*zGJ++,/0GJ+JH y( J2 PJN (NJ+N-N2 &*zGJ++,JNGN NJ2VJNN2 [JN &*zGJ++,/0GJ+JH J,+ NJ2N D-*2P,z+N-HG -*2L NJ2N, "2+N-2NKFN2, * ] "F(NG+ @*2PN2 &$>z2zKFN2 *2P K2GJ xKN, Z, (J-P z2LN-z+N2 yNJ JK-N- E0-F*GJN-*2L NJ2N yN,02PN-N ^*MFN-H,zFHNJ+ (zG+N2 * Gz,,N2 Pz KJN-P*-xK %xH,xKG,,N z*M Pz, $NGy,+)N-,+2P2J, PN, "2+N- 2NKFN2, N-FLGJxK+ (N-PN2 [JN !zGJPJN-*2L y( !N-JXJN-*2L )02 !N-MzK-N2 *2P PJN @zGJy-JN-*2L )02 '-M FJ++NG2 *2P ^2zG,N)N-MzK-N2 ,J2P N2+-zGN ZGNFN2+N J2 PN- &*zGJ++,,JxKN-*2L [zyNJ
u $JxKN-*2L PN- &*zGJ++
J,+ PN*+GJxK (J,xKN2 %0*+J2N)N-MzK-N2 *2P $02PN-*2+N-,*xK*2LN2 * *2+N-,xKNJ PN2 ]NJ LN20-F+N2 !N-MzK-N2 ,JNK+ PJN B$< rwt )0- Pz,, NJ2N !zGJPJN-*2L FJ+ PN2 ,02,+ yGJxKN2 @-J+N-JN2 2JxK+ FNK- P*-xKLNMK-+ (N-PN2 F*,, [z)02 *2yN -K-+ J,+ INP0xK PJN #z+,zxKN Pz,, PN- =zxK(NJ, NJ2N- z2zG+J,xKN2 @0F/N+N2 P K PJN ]NKN--,xK*2L NJ2N, !N-MzK-N2, * MK-N2 J,+ !N-JXJN-*2L77 * yN-xH ,JxK+JLN2 ,J2P FJ2PN,+N2, M0GLN2PN ]N-NJxKN P*-xK PJN NJ2 !N-MzK-N2 xKz-zH+N-J,JN-+ (J-Po
=zxK(NJ, *2P ]N,+JFF*2L,L-N2N2n ^-yNJ+,yN-NJxKN PN, !N-MzK-N2,n @zGJy-JN-*2L )02 '-MFJ++NG2n ZJ2V*,, )02 >z+-JH0F/02N2+N2
]NJ "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 PJN NKN- JF E0-,xK*2L,yN-NJxK zG, JF ]N-NJxK PN- ~yN-(z xK*2L z2LN,JNPNG+ ,J2P F,,N2 PJN,N &>>z2zKFN2 2JxK+ *2yNPJ2L+ FJ+ PN-,NG yN2 !0GG,+2PJLHNJ+ P*-xKLNMK-+ (N-PN2 Pz KJN- z*xK z2PN-N &*zGJ++,H-J+N-JN2 LNG+N2 H22N2 ]NJ PN2 ,0 LN2z22+N2 >*G+J>N+K0PN2 *F =zxK(NJ, NJ2N- !JNGzKG )02 'z-zFN+N-2 J2 NJ2NF ^-yNJ+,Lz2L J,+ * yN-GNLN2 0y N, 2JxK+ z*,-NJxK+ Pz,, NJ2N !zGJPJN-*2L 2*- M- NJ2JLN z*,LN,*xK+N *2P +/J,xKN 'z-zFN+N- P*-xKLNMK-+ (J-P [JN zGGLNFNJ2N2 >z2zKFN2 *- &*zGJ++,,JxKN-*2L yN+-NdN2 zGGN #+JLHNJ+N2 JF ?zy0- [zyNJ J,+ INPN- >J+z-yNJ+N- LNM0-PN-+ ,NJ2N2 ]NJ+-zL * GNJ,+N2 $JN *F Mz,,N2 JF N,N2+GJxKN2 PJN J2+N-2N &*zGJ++,,JxKN-*2L PJN N+N-2N &*zGJ++,,JxKN -*2L ,0(JN ^*PJ+ *2P %N)JN( ]N-JxK+ DN2N-NGG G,,+ ,JxK MN,+,+NGGN2 Pz,, yNJF ^*Myz* NJ2N, &>$,+NF, NKN- PJN =NJ L*2L yN,+NK+ * )JNG * +*2 [JN Z-MzK-*2L GNK-+ Pz,, NJ2N LN2z*N 'Gz2*2L *2P ^y,xK+*2L PN- =0+(N2PJLHNJ+ FJ+KNGMN2 H22N2 PN2 ^*M(z2P J2 NJ2NF zHN/ +zyGN2 *2P z2LNFN,,N2N2 %zKFN2 * KzG+N2 "2+N- PN2 J2+N-2N2 &$>z2zKFN2 ,J2P zGGN #+JLHNJ+N2 * )N-,+NKN2 PJN *ZJLN2H02+-0GGN PN- >J+z-yNJ+N- *2P PN- '-MFN+K0PN2 LNNJL2N+ ,J2P ^*xK (N22 J2 PN- !N-Lz2LN2KNJ+ J2+N-2N zyN- z*xK N+N-2N &$>z2zKFN2 * 2xK,+ )0-(JNLN2P z*M PJN xKNFJ,xKN ^2zG+JH LN-JxK+N+ (z-N2 ,0 P-MN2 PJN >z 2zKFN2 *- $JxKN-*2L PN- ^2zG,N2.*zGJ++ z*xK JF FJH-0yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 ]N-NJxK HNJ2N,(NL, )N-LN,,N2 (N-PN2 ^G, ]NJ,/JNGN LN2N-NGGN- >z2zKFN2 PJN # ,0(0KG PN2 ]N-NJxK xKNFJ,xKN- (JN z*xK FJH-0yJ0G0LJ,xKN- ^2zG+JH yN+-NdN2 ,J2P z2* MK-N2o
,xK-JM+GJxKN EJJN-*2L )02 ^2zG,N2FN+K0PN2n ]N,+JFF*2L )02 !N-MzK-N2,HN22L-N2n EK-N2 )02 @02+-0GGHz-+N2 ] JNPN-X2P*2L,Hz-+N2 >J++NG(N-+Hz-+N2n ]GJ2P(N-+H02+-0GGN2n !N-(N2P*2L )02 -NLNGFJL H02+-0GGJN-+N2 *2P (N22 FLGJxK N-+JXJN-+N2 $+z2 Pz-P,n !N-(N2P*2L )02 yN-/-M+N2 %NMN-N2H*G+*-N2n =K-FNPJN2H02+-0GGNn 'Gz*,JyJGJ++,H02+-0GGN )02 ^2zG,N2N-LNy2J,,N2n -NLNGFJLN DN-+NH02+-0GGN2n ~yN-/-M*2L (NJMNGKzM+N- ^2zG,N2N-LNy2J,,N P*-xK NJ2 ^G+N-2z+J))N-MzK-N2n !zGJPJN-*2L PN- Z[! LN2z*N-N Z-G*+N-*2LN2 KJN-* ,JNKN *2+N2
w
u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
* PN2 !N-MzK-N2,HN22Pz+N2 PJN zG, (N,N2+GJxK J2 NJ2NF ?zy0-z+0-J*F * 2N22N2 ,J2P LNK-N2 %JxK+JLHNJ+ '-J,J02 ?J2Nz-J++ *2P ^-yNJ+,yN-NJxK =zxK(NJ, *2P ]N,+JFF*2L,L-N2N2 LGJxKHNJ+N2 zyLN(0 LN2 (N-PN2
u $JxKN-*2L PN- &*zGJ++
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[JN,N !N-KG+2J,FJLHNJ+ J,+ 2JxK+ JFFN- LNLNyN2 )0- zGGNF 2JxK+ yNJ ?zy0-z +0-JN2 PJN y*2PN,G2PN-yN-L-NJMN2P z-yNJ+N2 0PN- PJN yN- *Gz,,*2LN2 *2+N- ,xKJNPGJxKN- K0KNJ+GJxKN- $+NGGN2 )N-MLN2 CJN- yNPz-M N, NJ2N- y*2PN,(NJ+N2 *2P GN++GJxK N*-0/z(NJ+N2 Cz-F02J,JN-*2L *F G2PN-,/NJX,xKN B2+N-/-N+z+J02N2 zy *LGNJxKN2 ZJ2N yN,02PN-N *2P KN*+N JFFN- 20xK 2JxK+ Lz2 LNHG-+N >z2zKFN J,+ PJN !zGJPJN-*2L NJ2N, Z[!$,+NF, *2P ,0FJ+ PN- =zxK(NJ, Pz,, PJN J2 NJ2NF ?zy0NJ2LN,N++N2 %NxKN2/-0L-zFFN *2P [z+N2N-Mz,,*2L,,,+NFN HNJ2N ,,+NFz+J,xKN2 ENKGN- N-N*LN2 *2P Pz,, *2,,+NFz+J,xKN ENKGN- N-Hz22+ *2P H0--JLJN-+ (N-PN2 [z* J,+ N, 20+(N2PJL Pz,, 2NyN2 PN- ~yN-/-M*2L PN- [z+N2NJ2LzyN )N-z-yNJ+*2L *2P z*,LzyN PJN %NxKN2zGL0-J+KFN2 -NLNGFJL LN/-M+ (N-PN2 [JN, ,0GG+N J2 LN NJL2N+N- NJ,N P*-xK '-0+0H0GGN P0H*FN2+JN-+ (N-PN2 [JN E0-PN-*2L Pz,, ^2z G,N2N-LNy2J,,N KJN-* /-zH+J,xK /N- Cz2P77 2zxK*-NxK2N2 (-N2 J,+ yNJ NJ2JLN2 !N-MzK-N2 P*-xKz*, /-zH+JHzyNG (J-P zyN- Pz22 zP zy,*-P*F LNMK-+ (N22 PJN (NJ+N-N2 &*zGJ++,HN22zKGN2 ] JNPN-X2P*2L,-z+N 0K2N ^*dGGJLHNJ+N2 ,J2P
rt {vN-(wuK*2L P*-uK NJ2N 2N*+-wGN $+NGGN [z, &*zGJ++,Fz2zLNFN2+,,+NF NJ2N, ?zy0-z+0-J*F, F*,, -NLNGFJL LN/-M+ (N-PN2 *F ,JxKN-*,+NGGN2 Pz,, PJN &*zGJ++,H-J+N-JN2 NJ2LNKzG+N2 (N-PN2 [z* LNK-N2 2JxK+ 2*- %J2L)N-,*xKN 0PN- !N-LGNJxK,z2zG,N2 ,02PN-2 z*xK NJ2N ^*PJ +JN-*2L [JN *,+2PJLN $+NGGN F*,, )0F ?zy0- (J-+,xKzM+GJxK *2zyK2LJL ,NJ2n ,JN Pz-M 2JxK+ P*-xK NJ,*2L LNy*2PN2 ,NJ2 ^2PN-N-,NJ+, F*,, z*xK ,JxKN-LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2 Pz,, PJN z*,MK-N2PN $+NGGN 2JxK+ J2 PN2 N++yN(N-y PN- ?zy0-z+0-JN2 J2)0G)JN-+ J,+ [JN ~yN-(zxK*2L F*,, PN,KzGy N*-0/zNJ2KNJ+GJxK ,NJ2 Z, (-N (NxHFJL z*M Pz, DG0yzGN @02N/+ M- N-+JXJN-*2LN2 *2P '-M(N,N277 PN- Z*-0/J,xKN2 "2J02 qp\ wsrv LN2z*N ]NNJxK2*2L ,JNKN ^2Kz2L *-xH*L-NJMN2 [JN ]N,xKNJ2JL*2L NJ2N- z2zG+J,xKN2 @0F/N+N2 Hz22 L-*2P,+GJxK ,0(0KG yNNJ2N ^HH-NPJ+JN-*2L zG, z*xK yN- NJ2N N-+JXJN-*2L N-M0GLN2 M- PN2 #-J2H(z, ,N-yN-NJxK INP0xK 2zxK t ^y,u PN- #-J2H(! )02 w 2*- P*-xK NJ2N ^HH-NPJ +JN-*2L P*-xK NJ2N KJN-M- zGGLNFNJ2 z2N-Hz22+N $+NGGN "2+N- ^HH-NPJ+JN-*2L )N-,+NK+ Fz2 PJN ]N,++JL*2L NJ2N- 2N*+-zGN2 $+NGGN yNPJN @0F/N+N2 NJ2N, ?zy0-z+0-J*F, yN,+JFF+N '-M*2LN2 P*-xK*MK-N2 JNG J,+ N, PJN LNLN2,NJ+JLN ^2N-HN22*2L )02 '-M*2LN2 JF N*-0/J,xKN2 ]N-NJxK * N- GNJxK+N-2 0PN- ,0Lz- N-,+ * LN(K-GNJ,+N2 [JN N-+JXJN-*2L PJN zGGN-PJ2L, yNJ PN- #-J2H(z,,N-z2zG+JH 2JxK+ z2LN(N2PN+ (J-P J,+ PJN ]N,xKNJ2JL*2L NJ2N- 2N*+-zGN2 $+NGGN yN- PJN ~yN-NJ2,+JFF*2L NJ2N, '-0P*H+N, 0PN- NJ2N- ?NJ,+*2L FJ+ )0-LNLNyN2N2 %JxK+GJ2JN2 JNG J,+ PJN Cz-F0 2J,JN-*2L *2P !N-LGNJxKyz-HNJ+ )02 '-0P*H+N2 y( [JN2,+GNJ,+*2LN2 (N22 ,JN ,JxK z*M PJN LGNJxKN D-*2PGzLN yNJNKN2 $/NJNGG JF ]N-NJxK PN- #-J2H(z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L (J-P z*xK )02 *Gz,,*2L FJ+ ]N*L z*M pw PN- #-J2H(! zG+N- Ez,,*2L )02 pp LN,/-0xKN2 CJN-yNJ Kz2PNG+ N, ,JxK *F NJ2N G2PN-,/NJX,xKN *Gz,,*2L M- PJN zF+GJxKN @02+-0GGN PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, Z, (*-PN NJ+(NJ,N )02 PN2 ?zy0-z+0-JN2 z2LN20FFN2 Pz,, PJN,N *Gz,,*2L z*xK PJN ]N,++JL*2L PN- &*zGJ++,,JxKN-*2L FJ+ NJ2,xKGJN+ (z, P*-xK PJN #-J2H(! zG+N-
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Nachfüllöffnung
Schutzhüle Glaselektrode
Schutzhülle
Bezugselektrode
Ableitelektrode
Ableitelektrode
Bezugselektrode Diaphragma
innere Pufferlösung (pHi) Glasmembran
(a)
(b)
Wasserprobe
(c)
innere Pufferlösung (pHi) Glasmembran
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ut 'K,JHzGJ,xKN *2P /K,JHzGJ,xKxKNFJ,xKN "2+N-,*xK*2LN2
tt
HGNJ2 J,+ 0PN- )N-,+0/M+ J,+ [JN ^y(NJxK*2LN2 PN- >N,,*2LN2 (J,xKN2 -*KN2PN- *2P yN(NL+N- ZJ2,+zyFN,,HN++N ,0GG+N2 2JxK+ FNK- zG, t /CZJ2KNJ+N2 yN+-zLN2 E- ,NKLN2z*N >N,,*2LN2 ,J2P ZJ2,+zyFN,,HN++N2 FJ+ $xKGJdPJz/K-zLFz * yN)0-*LN2 Dz2 zGGLNFNJ2 G*M+ PJN @zGJy-JN-*2L (JN M0GL+ zyo [JN >N,,HN++N (J-P J2 '*M MN-G,*2LN2 20-FzGN-(NJ,N (NJ ?,*2LN2 LN+z*xK+ *2P Pz, /C>N+N- (J-P z*M PN2 /C N-+ PN, IN(NJGJLN2 '*dN-, NJ2LN,+NGG+ [N- /C N-+ PN- '*dN-G,*2LN2 J,+ 2zxK [B= pwss z*M /C f } t LN2z* PNX2JN-+ ZJ2N '*dN-G,*2L PJN *- @zGJy-JN-*2L yN2*++ (*-PN J,+ z2,xKGJNN2P * )N- (N-MN2 Z, J,+ Pz-z*M * zxK+N2 Pz,, PN- B2KzG+ )02 LNd2N+N2 EGz,xKN2 zG,yzGP )N-y-z*xK+ (J-P Z, (-N *2,J22JL NJ2 +N*-N, /C>N,,LN-+ * Hz*MN2 *F Pz22 FJ+ zG+N2 *2LN2z*N2 '*dN-2 PN2 /C N-+ * ,xK+N277 PN22 Pz, >N,,LN-+ Hz22 JFFN- 2*- PN2 N-+ z2NJLN2 PN2 PJN /C>N,,HN++N z*M ]z,J, PN- @zGJy-JN-*2L FJ+ PN2 '*dN-G,*2LN2 )0-LJy+ ^*xK 2zxK PN- Z-,+HzGJy-JN-*2L ,J2P /C>N,,LN-+N 2JxK+ (z-+*2L,M-NJ E- NJ2N ,JxKN-N /C N-+yN,+JFF*2L F,,N2 PJN >N,,HN++N2 -NLNGFJL HzGJy-JN-+ (N-PN2 ]NJ PN- @zGJy-JN-*2L J,+ 2zxK PN2 !0-LzyN2 PN, CN- ,+NGGN-, J2 PN- ]NPJN2*2L,z2GNJ+*2L PN, /C>N,,LN-+N, * )N-MzK-N2 =zxK PN- @z GJy-JN-*2L PN- >N,,HN++N J,+ Pz, /C>N+N- M- PJN >N,,*2L yN-NJ+ ]N*L,.*NGGN2 M- /C>N,,LN-+N H22N2 PN2 yGJxKN2 ^P-N,,N2 JF B2+N-2N+ N2+20FFN2 (N-PN2 ] *2+N- ((((+(PN 0PN- (((xKNFJNz+ 0PN- (((LJ+)N-GzLx0F *- /C>N,,*2L (J-P PJN >N,,HN++N J2 PJN * *2+N-,*xKN2PN z,,N-/-0yN NJ2 LN+z*xK+ *2P PN- /C N-+ (J-P 2zxK N2+,/-NxKN2PN- ZJ2,+NGGNJ+ z*M PNF [J,/Gz PN, /C>N+N-, zyLNGN,N2 'z-zGGNG Pz* (J-P PJN #NF/N-z+*- PN- z,,N-/-0yN (K -N2P PN- >N,,*2L PN, /C N-+N, yN,+JFF+ [JN ^2LzyN PN, Z-LNy2J,,N, N-M0GL+ z*M NJ2N $+NGGN 2zxK PNF @0FFz LN2z* [zyNJ (J-P PJN z,,N-+NF/N-z+*- )N-FN-H+ yNJ PN- LNFN,,N2 (*-PN ]NJ,/JNGo /C N-+ rv yNJ pv \ [B= vquutowp ]NJ H0G0-JFN+-J,xKN2 >N,,*2LN2 J,+ NJ2 N2+,/-N xKN2PN- !N-FN-H z2*y-J2LN2 [z ,JxK PN- /C N-+ NJ2N- z,,N-/-0yN J2M0GLN xKNFJ,xKN- /K,JHzGJ,xKN- *2P yJ0G0LJ,xKN- !0-L2LN ,xK2NGG )N-2PN-2 Hz22 *2P ,JxK 2JxK+ ,+zyJGJ,JN-N2 G,,+ ,0GG+N PJN ]N,+JFF*2L ,0M0-+ 2zxK PN- '-0yN2zKFN z2 PN- '-0yN2zKFN,+NGGN N-M0GLN2 [zyNJ J,+ * yNzxK+N2 Pz,, PJN JF 0dN2N2 ]NKG+N- yNX2PGJxKN '-0yN (K-N2P PN, >N,,)0-Lz2LN, \N,, NGGN J2PNF Fz2 ,+z++PN,,N2 PJN ,0 LN2z22+N NGGN2H02,+z2+N PN- >N,,NGGN zG, &*0 +JN2+N2 z*, G *2P ^ yN,+JFF+ [JN NGGN2H02,+z2+N (J-P P*-xK JPN-,+z2P,FN, ,*2LN2 z2 !N-LGNJxK,G,*2LN2 LN2z* yNHz22+N- ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ )0F DN-+NKN-,+NGGN- N-FJ++NG+ *2P J,+ z*M PNF ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+,FN,,LN-+ y( PN- >N,,NGGN z2LNLNyN2 ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+,FN,,LN-+N ,J2P yN- PN2 *,zFFN2Kz2L (J,xKN2 JPN-,+z2P *2P NGGN2H02,+z2+N yN-NJ+, z*M PJN ^2NJLN PN- ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ z*,LNGNL+ [JN NGNH+-J,xKN ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ (J-P J2 $JNFN2, IN >N+N- $F LNFN,,N2 B2 PN- #-J2H(z,,N-z2zG,N J,+ PJN ZJ2KNJ+ $xF yGJxK 2*- yNJ ,+-HN- FJ2N-zGJ,JN-+N2 ,,N-2 (N-PN2 z*xK F$xF z2LNLNyN2 F$F f $xF [z PJN NGNH+-J,xKN ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ ,+z-H +NF /N-z+*-zyK2LJL J,+ (N-PN2 z*, !N-LGNJxKyz-HNJ+,L-2PN2 zGGN >N,,(N-+N )N-NJ2yz -*2L,LNF z*M wt \ yN0LN2 ZJ2 yNJ yNGJNyJLN- z,,N-+NF/N-z+*- LNFN,,N2N N-+ J,+ zG,0 z*M PJN,N ]N*L,+NF/N-z+*- *F*-NxK2N2 [JN ]N,+JFF*2L PN- NGNH+-J,xKN2 ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ N-M0GL+ 2zxK [B= Z= wrqqqoppv ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+,FN,,*2LN2 yz,JN-N2 z*M JPN-,+z2P,FN,,*2LN2 PN- (,,-JLN2 ? ,*2LN2 FJ+ NxK,NG,+-0F K0KN- E-N.*N2 (z, PN- (NJ+LNKN2PN2 !N-KJ2PN-*2L NJ2NZGNH+-0G,N y( '0Gz-J,z+J02 z2 PN2 ZGNH+-0PN2 PJN2+ *2P PzFJ+ NJ2N- !N-MG,xK*2L PN- >N,,N-LNy2J,,N )0-yN*L+ [JN z*M PN- ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+,FN,,NGGN z2LNLNyN2N NG GN2H02,+z2+N (J-P z*M Pz, DN-+ yN-+-zLN2 *2P N-FLGJxK+ PJN z*+0Fz+J,xKN "F -NxK2*2L PN, >N,,(N-+N, J2 PJN ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ [JN NGGN2H02,+z2+N J,+ Gz2LNJ+,+zyJG ,0 Pz,, PJN @zGJy-JN-*2L yN-NJ+, )0F DN-+NKN-,+NGGN- P*-xKLNMK-+ (J-P *2P )0F ^2(N2PN- 2*- LNGNLN2+GJxK FJ2PN,+N2, INP0xK zGGN s >02z+N * H02+-0GGJN-N2 J,+ CJN-* PJN2+ @\G@zGJy-JN-G,*2L PNX2JN-+N- NGNH+-J,xKN- ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ #zy u yNJ wt } \ #KN-F0,+z+ ^F >N,,LN-+ (J-P PJN NGGN2H02,+z2+N z*M PN2 N-+ xFg NJ2LN,+NGG+ AN 2zxK DN-+N+/ ,+NGG+ Fz2 *,+GJxK PJN #NF/N-z+*-H0F /N2,z+J02 zy 0PN- ,N++ PN2 GJ2Nz-N2 #NF/N-z+*-H0NdJJN2+N2 z*M PN2 N-+ @g G+ ]NPJN2*2L,z2GNJ+*2L PN, DN-+N, =zxK ZJ2+z*xKN2 PN- >N,,NGGN J2 PJN @zGJy -JN-G,*2L (J-P PN- >N,,(N-+ zyLNGN,N2
ut 'K,JHzGJ,xKN *2P /K,JHzGJ,xKxKNFJ,xKN "2+N-,*xK*2LN2
tr
#zyNGGN u ZGNH+-J,xKN ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ $wt )02 @zGJ*FxKG0-JPG,*2LN2 yNJ wt W \ x@\G F0GFv $wt F$F yN-NxK2N+ MNG M- @\G#/
t ru rup pp
ur upq pq
t rw rup ps
u upq pu
w wrr wppsu pw
t sr rup qp
wp upqw qs
w wuq wppsu qv
*- ]N-NxK2*2L ,JNKN ^y,xK2 vws MNG ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+,H0NdJJN2+ *- ]N-xH,JxK+JL*2L PN- LNLN2,NJ+JLN2 ]NKJ2PN-*2L PN- B02N2
[N- )0F DN-+ z2LNNJL+N zKGN2(N-+ J,+ LGNJxK PNF 2JxK+ +NF/N-z+*-H0F/N2 ,JN-+N2 -NJ/-0HN2 N-+ PN, NGNH+-J,xKN2 JPN-,+z2P, PNF ,0 LN2z22+N2 ?NJ+(N-+ D wt \ J2 $ F$ 0PN- $ IN 2zxK >N,,yN-NJxK [JN NGGN2H02,+z2+N @ J2 F N--NxK2N+ ,JxK z*, PN- DGNJxK*2L @ f wtD #zyNGGN2(N-+ wt J2 F$F LN+NJG+ P*-xK DN-+Nz2NJLN yNJ wt \ J2 F$ >JH-0/-0N,,0-DN-+N N-Gz*yN2 PJN ]N,+JFF*2L PN- NGGN2H02,+z2+N 0K2N Fz2*NGGN ]N-NxK2*2L [JN NGNH+-J,xKN ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ J,+ (JN 0yN2 ,xK02 N-(K2+ NJ2N ,+z-H +NF/N-z+*- zyK2LJLN D-N ZJ2 !N-LGNJxK (J,xKN2 N-+N2 PJN 2JxK+ z*M PJN ]N*L,+NF/N-z+*)02 wt \ *FLN-NxK2N+ (0-PN2 ,J2P J,+ ,xK(JN-JL 0PN- Lz- ,J22G0, B2 F0PN-2N2 DN-+N2 (N-PN2 PJN >N,,(N-+N z*+0Fz+J,xK z*M wt \ *FLN-NxK2N+ E- 2z+-GJxKN ,,N- \zYC\NN-(,,N- =zY\G#/ *2P J02N2z-FN ,,N- ,J2P PJN @0NdJJN2+N2 J2 NJ2NF ,0GxKN2 DN-+ yN-NJ+, LN,/NJxKN-+ $J2P PJN DN-+N 2JxK+ +NF/N-z+*-H0F/N2,JN-+ F*,, PJN yNJ PN- #NF/N-z+*- < \ LNFN,,N2N NGNH+-J,xKN ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ FJ+ CJGMN )02 J2 PN- =0-F [B= Z= wrqqqoppv z*MLNMK-+N2 "F-NxK 2*2L,M0-FNG2 0PN- @0--NH+*-MzH+0-N2 z*M wt \ H0--JLJN-+ (N-PN2 [JN >N,,*2L ,NGy,+ 0y JF E-NJN2 0PN- JF ?zy0- (J-P yGJxKN-(NJ,N J2 NJ2NF 0dN2N2 DGz,LNM ]NxKN-LGz, Z-GN2FNN-H0GyN2 ! f t FG )0-LN20FFN2 [z, FJ+ "2+N-,*xK*2L,(z,,N- FNK-MzxK LN,/G+N DGz,LNM (J-P N+(z *- CGM+N LNMGG+ [z, ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+,FN,,LN-+ (J-P 2zxK ^2(NJ,*2L PN, CN-,+NGGN-, )0-yN-NJ+N+ *2P PJN ZGNH+-0PN *2P NJ2 #KN-F0FN+N- (N-PN2 J2 Pz, * FN,,N2PN z,,N- NJ2LN+z*xK+ >NJ,+ J,+ KN*+N PJN >N,,NGNH+-0PN FJ+ NJ2NF J2+NL-JN-+N2 #NF/N-z+*-MKGN- z*,LN -,+N+ =zxK ^2/z,,*2L PN- #NF/N-z+*- (J-P PJN,N *,zFFN2 FJ+ PN- ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ zyLNGN,N2 [JN '-0yN2 M- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L PN- NGNH+-J,xKN2 ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ JF ?zy0- (N-PN2 FJ+ NJ2N- '0GN+KGN2Vz,xKN N2+20FFN2 [JN EGz,xKN (J-P )0GG,+2PJL FJ+ PNF "2 +N-,*xK*2L,(z,,N- LNMGG+ z2,xKGJNN2P PJxK+ )N-,xKG0,,N2 *2P yNJ u \ P*2HNG LN GzLN-+ ZJ2N @02,N-)JN-*2L PN- '-0yN J,+ 2JxK+ FLGJxK PN,KzGy ,0GG+N PJN ]N,+JF F*2L PN- ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ ,0 yzGP zG, FLGJxK P*-xKLNMK-+ (N-PN2 >N,,*2LN2 )02 ,,N-2 FJ+ NJ2N- NGNH+-J,xKN2 ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ )02 F$F $xF (N-PN2 P*-xK @0KGN2,+0dPJ0JP PN- ?*M+ ,+z-H yNNJ2V*,,+ B2 ,0GxKN2 EGGN2 F*,, PJN >N, ,*2L J2 ,/NJNGGN2 [*-xKV*,,NGGN2 )0-LN20FFN2 (N-PN2 [z, Z-LNy2J, J,+ z*M P-NJ $+NGGN2 LN2z* z2*LNyN2 PzyNJ (J-P PJN z,,N-+NF/N -z+*- )N-FN-H+ yNJ PN- LNFN,,N2 (*-PN [JN ^-+ PN- @0--NH+*- z*M wt \ J,+ z2 *LNyN2 ]NJ,/JNGo wt f vpv F$F f vpv $xF 2zxK [B= Z= wrqqqoppvn z,,N-+NF/N-z+*- \n Fz+KNFz+J,xKN @0--NH+*- z*M wt \
tq
u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
rp >ww2wG+J,uKN [N,+JFF*2LN2 J2 PN- w,,N-w2wG+JH % $uK*,+N- [Z D0-PwGGw rp D-*2PGwLN2 PN- >ww2wG+JH B2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH LNK-+ PJN >zz2zG,N * PN2 G+N,+N2 ^2zG,N2)N-MzK-N2 $JN (*-PN qv )02 Dz?*,,zx rrq yJ, qt *F N-,+N2 >zG J2 PJN z2zG+J,xKN \KNFJN NJ2LNMK-+ ZJ2N ^2zG,N z*M PN- D-*2PGzLN NJ2N- #J+-z+J02 (J-P z*xK zG, !0G*FN+-JN 0PN- )0G*FN+-J,xKN ^2zG,N yNNJxK2N+ $JN yN-*K+ z*M PN- *LzyN NJ2N, zyLNFN,,N2N2 !0G*FN2, NJ2N- ?,*2L FJ+ LN2z* yNHz22+N- $+0dFN2LN2H02N2+-z +J02 NJ2N, -NzH+J)N2 $+0dN, * NJ2N- z,,N-/-0yN yJ, * NJ2NF N-HN22yz-N2 Z2P/*2H+ NJ2N- %NzH+J02 FJ+ PNF LN,*xK+N2 $+0d J2 PN- '-0yN *2P "F-NxK2*2L z*M PJN @02N2+-z+J02 PN, LN,*xK+N2 $+0dN, ^*ML-*2P PN- Gz2LN2 #-zPJ+J02 *2P PN- * JK-N- [*-xKMK-*2L 20+(N2PJLN2 L-*2PGNLN2PN2 @N22+2J,,N yN- $+0d-NzH+J02N2 J,+ PJN #J+-z+J02 ]N,+z2P+NJG PND-*2Pz*,yJGP*2L J2 PN- \KNFJN E- %0*+J2Nz2(N2P*2LN2 KzyN2 ,JxK #J+-JN-z* +0Fz+N2 P*-xKLN,N++ PJN FJ+ /K,JHzGJ,xKxKNFJ,xKN- Z2P/*2H+yN,+JFF*2L z- yNJ+N2 $JN ,J2P FJ+ >JH-0/-0N,,0-N2 z*,LN,+z++N+ PJN NJ2N $/NJxKN-*2L )02 FN +K0PN2,/NJX,xKN2 'z-zFN+N-2 @zGJy-JN-(N-+N2 *2P '-0yN2J2M0-Fz+J02 N-FLGJ xKN2 ]JL*, ppq E0GLN2PN ]NL-JdN (N-PN2 yNJ PN- >zz2zG,N )N-(N2PN+o #J+-z+J02 J,+ PJN Z-FJ++G*2L NJ2N- *2yNHz22+N2 $+0dFN2LN 2^ 0PN- PN- >z,,N F^ NJ2N, LNG,+N2 $+0dN, ^ JF #J+-z2+N2 P*-xK PN2 !N-y-z*xK NJ2N, %NzLN2, ] JF #J +-z+0- NJ2N- >zG,*2L FJ+ yNHz22+N- @02N2+-z+J02 x] ^F .*J)zGN2/*2H+ +KN 0-N+J,xKN- Z2P/*2H+ Kz+ PJN LN,zF+N $+0dFN2LN PN, $+0dN, ^ FJ+ PNF Gz2L,zF *LNMK-+N2 %NzLN2, ] -NzLJN-+ [N- Z2P/*2H+ (J-P N2+(NPN- P*-xK PJ-NH+N ]N 0yzxK+*2L )02 ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 PN, $,+NF, 0PN- J2PJ-NH+ *2+N- !N-(N2P*2L )02 B2 PJHz+0-N2 zG, CJGM,FJ++NG N-FJ++NG+ E0GLN2PN !0-z*,,N+*2LN2 F,,N2 M- PJN ^2(N2Pyz-HNJ+ PN- >zz2zG,N N-MGG+ ,NJ2o NJ2PN*+JLN xKNFJ,xKN %NzH+J02 PJN ,+xKJ0FN+-J,xK J2 H*-N- NJ+ 0K2N =NyN2 -NzH+J02N2 )0GG,+2PJL zyG*M+n JF xKNFJ,xKN2 Az-L02 KNJ+ PJN, Pz, DGNJxKLN (JxK+ GJNL+ z*M PN- $NJ+N PN- '-0P*H+Nn $NGNH+J)J++ P*-xK PJN xKNFJ,xKN %NzH+J02 PJN,N Hz22 P*-xK z2LN/z,,+N '-0yN2 )0-yN-NJ+*2L zKG PN, LNNJL2N+N2 #J+-z+0-, *2P B2PJHz+0-,,+NF )N-yN,,N-+ (N- PN2n L*+N Z-HN22yz-HNJ+ PN, Z2P/*2H+N, P*-xK LNJNG+N zKG PN, B2PJHz+0-,,+NF, 0PN- FJ+ CJGMN /K,JHzGJ,xKxKNFJ,xKN- >N+K0PN2n >LGJxKHNJ+ PN- CN-,+NGG*2L KzG+yz-N- >zG,*2LN2 FJ+ LN2z* PNX2JN-+N- @02 N2+-z+J02 +J+N-,+zyJGN, %NzLN2, [JN >zz2zG,N FJ+ ,0 LN2z22+N2 "-+J+N-2 2FGJxK ?,*2LN2 PJN ,JxK P*-xK ZJ2 (LN2 )02 -NJ2N2 $*y,+z2N2 KN-,+NGGN2 Gz,,N2 J,+ NJ2 ^y,0G*+)N-MzK-N2 [N- %NzH+J02,zyGz*M Hz22 FJ+ M0GLN2PN- DGNJxK*2L Pz-LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2o ~^ ^ h ~] ] '-0P*H+N
us
us >zz2zG+J,xKN ]N,+JFF*2LN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
tp
[zyNJ N2+,/-JxK+ Pz, !N-KG+2J, PN- *FLN,N++N2 $+0dFN2LN2 2^ * 2] PN- $+0dN ^ *2P ] PNF !N-KG+2J, PN- ,+xKJ0FN+-J,xKN2 zKGN2 ~^ *2P ~] J2 PN- %NzH+J02, LGNJxK*2Lo 2^2] f ~^~]
ur
[z, !0G*FN2 PN- >zG,*2L !N-y-z*xK !] Pz, yJ, *- Z--NJxK*2L PN, .*J)z GN2/*2H+N, yN2+JL+ (J-P J,+ PJN >N,,L-N yNJ PN- #J+-z+J02 ^*, DG ur N-LJy+ ,JxK FJ+ 2^ f F^>^
*2P 2] f x] Y !]
PJN >z,,N F^ PN, $+0dN, ^ J2 L 0PN- FL F^ f ~^~] >^ Y x] Y !]
uq
(0yNJ >^ PJN F0Gz-N >z,,N J2 LF0G PN, $+0dN, ^ *2P x] PJN $+0dFN2LN2H02 N2+-z+J02 PN, $+0dN, ] J2 F0GG 0PN- FF0GG Pz-,+NGG+ [JN H02,+z2+N2 D-N2 Gz,,N2 ,JxK * NJ2NF ,+xKJ0FN+-J,xKN2 EzH+0- M^ *,zF FN2Mz,,N2 [JN @02N2+-z+J02 PN- >zG,*2L J,+ yNHz22+ *2P (J-P FJ+ NJ2yN0LN2 [N- EzH+0- M^ N-LJy+ ,JxK M0GLN2PN-FzN2o M^ f ~^~] >^ Y x]
up
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vt N! NJL+ PJN E^Z$ PJN L-N-N ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ ]NJPN >N+K0PN2 N-L2N2 ,JxK J2 PJN,N- CJ2,JxK+ [z-yN- KJ2z*, yJN+N2 F0PN-2N ^^$DN-+N PJN >LGJxKHNJ+ yNJPN #NxK2JHN2 NJ2*,N+N2 ,0 Pz,, PJN EGzFFN2^Z$ zG, ,N/z-z+N, >N,,)N-MzK-N2 KN*+N 2JxK+ FNK- PJN ]NPN*+*2L yN,J++ [JN F0PN-2,+N E0-F PN- ^+0FJ,JN-*2L *2P ^2-NL*2L J,+ Pz, J2P*H+J) LNH0//NG+N 'Gz,Fz B\'o B2P*x+J)NG \0*/GNP 'Gz, Fz ^*M PJN,N #NxK2JH (J-P 20xK LN,02PN-+ NJ2LNLz2LN2 ,JNKN *2+N2 ^*, PN#z+,zxKN Pz,, zGGN @0F/02N2+N2 PN- '-0yN NJ+LGNJxK NFJ++JN-N2 *2P PJN ZFJ,,J02 ,NGy,+ LNFN,,N2 (J-P N-LNyN2 ,JxK M- PJN -*FGJxKN ^*M,/zG+*2L PN- ZFJ,,J02, ,/NH+-N2 (NJ !z-Jz2+N2o >020xK-0Fz+0- *2P '0GxK-0Fz+0- >J+ NJ2NF P-NKyz- LNGzLN-+N2 ]N*L*2L,LJ++N- PNF >020xK-0Fz+0- H22N2 PJN ZFJ,,J02,GJ2JN2 2zxKNJ2z2PN- ,N.*N2JNGG z*M PN2 ^*,+-J++,,/zG+ /-0IJJN-+ *2P FJ+ PNF PzKJ2+N- GJNLN2PN2 NJ2N2 [N+NH+0- 2zxKNJ2z2PN- z*,LNFN,,N2 (N-PN2 [z, ^*,GN,N2 PN- ?J2JN2 N-M0GL+ zG,0 2JxK+ NJ+LGNJxK ~yN- NJ2N '-0L-zFFJN-*2L H22N2 FNK-N-N LN(2,xK+N ?J2JN2 M-NJ LN(KG+ *2P ,0FJ+ FNK-N-N ZGNFN2+N ,N.*N2JNGG yN,+JFF+ (N-PN2 $N.*N2,/NH+-0FN+N- ]NJF '0GxK-0Fz+0- yNX2PN2 ,JxK *F NJ2 MN,+ I*,+JN-+N, ]N*L*2L,LJ++N- H-NJ,M- FJL z2LN0-P2N+ )JNGN NyN2MzGG, MN,+ I*,+JN-+N ^*,+-J++,,/zG+N PJN IN(NJG, z*M yN,+JFF+N ZFJ,,J02,GJ2JN2 NJ2LN,+NGG+ ,J2P CJ2+N- INPNF ^*,+-J++,,/zG+ J,+ NJ2 [N+NH+0- FJ+ ,N/z-z+N- !N-,0-L*2L !N-,+-H*2L *2P [z+N2z*,(N-+*2L z2LN0-P2N+ [zFJ+ yN ,+NK+ PJN >LGJxKHNJ+ )JNGN ZGNFN2+N LGNJxKNJ+JL ,JF*G+z2 * yN,+JFFN2 $JF*G +z2,/NH+-0FN+N- NLN2 PN, yN-NJ+, N-(K2+N2 ?J2JN2-NJxK+*F, PN- ZFJ,,J02,,/NH+-N2 F,,N2 z2 PJN >020xK-0Fz+0-N2 y( '0GxK-0Fz+0-N2 yNJ PN- ^Z$ (N,N2+GJxK KKN-N ^2 M0-PN-*2LN2 zG, yNJ PN- ^+0Fzy,0-/+J02 LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2 B2 PN- ^^$ F*,, PN- >0 20xK-0Fz+0- GNPJLGJxK Pz, GJ2JN2z-FN $/NH+-*F PN, ,/NJNGGN2 z*,LN(KG+N2 ZGNFN2 +N, z*M+-N22N2 $/NH+-zGN $/zG+y-NJ+N2 (J,xKN2 w *2P w 2F -NJxKN2 KJN-M- z*, B2 PN- ^Z$ yN,+NK+ PJN E0-PN-*2L z*, )JNGN2 ,JxK yN-GzLN-2PN2 GJ2JN2-NJxKN2 $/NH+ -N2 zGGN @0F/02N2+N2 NFJ++JN-N2 LGNJxKNJ+JL PJN LN(2,xK+N ^2zG,N2GJ2JN z*, *,02PN-2 [N- ^*V,*2L PN, >020xK-0Fz+0-, '0GxK-0Fz+0-, H0FF+ ,0FJ+ PJN N2+,xKNJPN2PN ]NPN*+*2L * [z INP0xK zF [N+NH+0- 20xK NJ2N LN(J,,N $+-zK G*2L,N2N-LJN z2H0FFN2 F*,, *2P Pz-yN- KJ2z*, [-JM+/-0yGNFN ] P*-xK +KN- FJ,xKN ^*,PNK2*2L 0PN- P*-xK FNxKz2J,xKN Z-,xK++N-*2LN2 )N-FJNPN2 (N-PN2 F,,N2 H22N2 PJN $/zG+y-NJ+N2 2JxK+ yNGJNyJL HGNJ2 LN(KG+ (N-PN2 %0*+J2NLN-+N z-yNJ+N2 KN*+N FJ+ ^*V,*2LN2 )02 xz w yJ, v 2Fn K0xKz*V,N2PN $,+NFN ,0 LN2z22+N ZxKNGGN$,+NFN N--NJxKN2 ^*V,*2LN2 PJN J2 PN- D-N20-P2*2L PN- 2z+-GJxKN2 ?J2JN2y-NJ+N2 )02 t yJ, s /F GJNLN2 ,JNKN Pz* ^y,xK2 urvv [JN J2 PN- ^+0FNFJ,,J02,,/NH+-0FN+-JN )N-(N2PN+N2 [N+NH+J02,,,+NFN yN,+NKN2 (JN z*xK J2 PN- ^^$ FNJ,+ z*, NJ2NF 'K0+0F*G+J/GJN- (NGxKN- PJN 0/+J,xKN2 $JL2zGN J2 NGNH+-J,xKN $JL2zGN *F(z2PNG+ [JN (NJ+N-N >N,,(N-+)N-z-yNJ+*2L !N-,+-H*2L %NLJ,+-JN-*2L [z-,+NGG*2L N-M0GL+ yN- NGNH+-02J,xKN ^*,(N-+NNJ2KNJ+N2 J2 F0PN- 2N2 DN-+N2 NJ2,xKGJNGJxK [z+N2,/NJxKN-*2L *2P Z-,+NGG*2L )02 H0F/GN++N2 ^2z G,N2yN-JxK+N2 FJ++NG, 'N-,02zGx0F/*+N- *2P N2+,/-NxKN2PN- $0M+(z-N B2 2N*N,+N2 DN-+NN2+(JxHG*2LN2 (N-PN2 CzGyGNJ+N-PN+NH+0-N2 NJ2LN,N++ yNNJxK2N+ zG, \\[ \B[ 0PN- $\[[N+NH+0-N2 \Kz-LNx0*/GNP [N)JxN \Kz-LN B2INx+J02 [N)JxN $NL FN2+NPz--z \Kz-LNx0*/GNP [N)JxN [JN,N [N+NH+0-N2 z-yNJ+N2 FJ+ ,/NJNGG z*M ,JN *LN,xK2J++N2N2 K0xK z*V,N2PN2 ZxKNGGNN,,(N-+)N-z-yNJ+*2L EGNJyJGJ++ *2P ^2zG,N2LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ [JN,N I2L,+N DN-+NLN2N-z+J02 PN- ^--z$/NH+-0FN+NG,,+ ,JxK z*xK 2JxK+ FNK- J2 PJN HGz,,J,xKN "2+N-+NJG*2L J2 $JF*G+z2 *2P $N.*N2 ,/NH+-0FN+N- NJ20-P2N2 >J+ PN- K0KN2 $+zyJGJ++ *2P DN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ )02 $JF*G +z2LN-+N2 *2P PN- EGNJyJGJ++ *2P ^*V,*2L )02 $N.*N2LN-+N2 )N-yJ2PN+ ,JN PJN !0-+NJGN yNJPN- !z-Jz2+N2 ZJ2N ^2-NL*2L,.*NGGN Kz+ J2 PN2 )N-Lz2LN2N2 AzK-N2 ,0(0KG M- PJN ^+0FNFJ, ,J02, zG, z*xK M- PJN >z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+-JN ,JNKN *2+N2 NJ2N yN,02PN-N ]NPN*+*2L N-Gz2L+o Pz, J2P*H+J) LNH0//NG+N 'Gz,Fz B\' [JN B\'^Z$ Kz+ ,JxK * NJ2N- GNJ, +*2L,,+z-HN2 ^2zG,N2FN+K0PN J2 PN- ZGNFN2+z2zG+JH N2+(JxHNG+ =N*N-PJ2L, (J-P K*XL PJN ^yH-*2L B\'$ PN*+GJxK * FzxKN2 Pz,, N, ,JxK *F NJ2 0/+J,xKN, !N-MzK-N2 Kz2PNG+ CJN- (N-PN2 ?JxK+J2+N2,J++N2 LNFN,,N2 (K-N2P J2 PN- B\'>$ >z,,N2 y( >z,,N?zP*2L,)N-KG+2J,,N z*MLN+-N22+ *2P -NLJ,+-JN-+ (N-PN2 ,JNKN ^y ,xK2 uru B2 NJ2NF 'Gz,Fz ,J2P JF ^GGLNFNJ2N2 PJN Dz,z+0FN *2P F0GNHGN P*-xK Z2N- LJNz*M2zKFN * NJ2NF N-KNyGJxKN2 #NJG J2 /0,J+J)N B02N2 *2P ZGNH+-02N2 PJ,,0JJN-+ ]NJF B\' (J-P PJN M- PJN ]JGP*2L PN, 'Gz,Fz, 20+(N2PJLN Z2N-LJN*M*K- yN- PJN B2P*H+J02,,/*GN NJ2N, C0xKM-N.*N2LN2N-z+0-, -NzGJ,JN-+ ^yy uu NJL+ PN2 &*N- ,xK2J++ NJ2N, B\']-N22N-, Z- yN,+NK+ z*, P-NJ &*z--0K-N2 PJN H02N2+-J,xK z2 LN0-P2N+ ,J2P ~yN- Pz, J22N-N %0K- B2INH+0--0K- (J-P PJN '-0yN zG, ^N-0,0G )02 NJ2N- ^-L02,+-F*2L J22N-N- Dz,,+-0F J2 Pz, 'Gz,Fz +-z2,/0-+JN-+ 6000 - 8000 K
Induktionsspule
Quarzrohr
Plasma Argon
Aerosol Probe
^yy uu
&*N-,xK2J++ NJ2N, B\']-N22N-,
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
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*- CN-,+NGG*2L PN, '-0yN2zN-0,0G, (N-PN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N N-,+*yN-,,+NFN NJ2 LN,N++ CJN- H0FF+ N, Pz-z*M z2 z*, PN- V,,JLN2 '-0yN LGNJxKFJL *2P -N/-0 P*JN-yz- NJ2 ^N-0,0G * N-N*LN2 "2+N-,xKJNPN J2 PN- !J,H0,J++ *2P J2 PN- J+ "G+-z,xKzGG *2P C0xKP-*xHN-,+*yN-2 Hz22 JF !N- LGNJxK * /2N*Fz+J,xKN2 N-,+*yN-2 PJN ^N-0,0Gz*,yN*+N PN*+GJxK LN,+NJLN-+ *2P PzFJ+ Pz, =zxK(NJ,)N-FLN2 )N-yN,,N-+ (N-PN2 (J,xKN2 PNF FJ++GN-N2 *2P PNF *N-N2 &*z--0K- *N-N- Dz,,+-0F (J-P Pz, 'Gz,FzLz, *LNMK-+ FNJ,+ ^-L02 zyN- z*xK $+JxH,+0d 0PN- ?*M+ ,J2P FLGJxK ZJ2 (NJ+N-N- Dz,,+-0F (J,xKN2 PNF J22N-N2 *2P PNF FJ++GN-N2 &*z--0K- FJ++ GN-N- Dz,,+-0F PJN2+ PNF ^yKNyN2 PN, 'Gz,Fz, )02 PN- d2*2L PN, B2INH+0--0K-N, [zFJ+ ,0GG PJN +KN-FJ,xKN ]NGz,+*2L PN, B2INH+0--0K-N, )N-FJ2PN-+ (N-PN2 [JN B2 P*H+J02,,/*GN PN, CEDN2N-z+0-, J,+ H0zJzG *F ]-N22N- z2LN0-P2N+ JxK+JL J,+ Pz,, ,JxK Pz, 'Gz,Fz z*M PJN,N NJ,N -J2LM-FJL z*,yJGPN+ *2P Pz, '-0yN2zN-0,0G FJ+ PNF J22N-N2 Dz,,+-0F zJzG J2 Pz, 'Gz,Fz NJ2LNMK-+ (J-P BF N2+-*F PN, 'Gz,Fz, yN+-L+ PJN #NF/N-z+*- s q @ >J+ PN- -NGz+J) Gz2LN2 !N-(NJGNJ+ PN- '-0yN J2 PJN,N- 02N KN--,xKN2 ,NK- L*+N ]NPJ2L*2LN2 M- PJN Z2N-LJNyN-+-z L*2L )0F 'Gz,Fz z*M PJN '-0yN *2P PzFJ+ M- PN-N2 ^+0FJ,JN-*2L *2P ^2-NL*2L [N- K0KN ^+0FJ,JN-*2L,L-zP N-JNG+ J2 NJ2N- xKNFJ,xK J2N-+N2 "FLNy*2L ^-L02 ,0-L+ PzM- Pz,, !N-PzF/M*2L, *2P Dz,/Kz,N2,+-*2LN2 Hz*F NJ2N %0GGN ,/JNGN2 [z-yN- KJ2z*, (N-PN2 *2+N- PJN,N2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 z*xK ,02,+ ,xK(N- )N-PzF/M yz-N ZGNFN2+N z+0FJ,JN-+ [JN B\'LGJxK HNJ+ FJ+ z2PN-N2 =zxK+NJGN2 N-Hz*M+ (N-PN2 ,NK- K0KN ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 z2 PN2 ^*M ,+NGG*2L,0-+ [-JM+N-,xKNJ2*2LN2 *2P z2PN-N, B2 PN- '-zJ, LNK+ Fz2 PN,KzGy LN(J,,N @0F/-0FJ,,N NJ2 >020xK-0Fz+0-z*V,*2LN2 )02 w yJ, v 2F KzyN2 ,JxK L*+ yN(K-+ *2P ,/NH+-zGN B2+N-MN-N2N2 H22N2 P*-xK )N-,xKJNPN2N >z2zKFN2 H0F /N2,JN-+ (N-PN2 z*M PJN 20xK 2KN- NJ2LNLz2LN2 (J-P [JN yN-NJ+, N-(K2+N2 I2L,+N2 DN-+NN2+(JxHG*2LN2 FJ+ CzGyGNJ+N-PN+NH+0-N2 J2 @0FyJ2z+J02 FJ+ K0xKz*V,N2PN,0 LN2z22+N- ZxKNGGNLGJxKHNJ+N2 $J2P ,+z-H NFJ++JN-N2PN ZGNFN2+N ] \z >L ^G J2 K0KN- @02N2+-z+J02 J2 PN- '-0yN )0-Kz2PN2 ,0 H22N2 N-KNyGJxKN ?J2JN2)N-y-NJ+N-*2LN2 yN0yzxK+N+ (N- PN2 PJN Pz22 *2+N- "F,+2PN2 J2 PN- 2KN-N2 "FLNy*2L * ~yN-Gz//*2LN2 FJ+ ?J2JN2 z2PN-N- ^2zG+z+0FN MK-N2 B2 PJN,NF EzGG (JN 2z+-GJxK z*xK yNJ PN- ~yN- Gz//*2L 2JxK+ )N-y-NJ+N-+N- ?J2JN2 J,+ NJ2N "2+N-L-*2PH0--NH+*- ,xK(JN-JL N22 FLGJxK ,0GG+N Fz2 z*M NJ2N z2PN-N ^2zG,N2GJ2JN z*,(NJxKN2 zG,0 NJ2N z2PN-N xKz -zH+N-J,+J,xKN ?J2JN PN, ^2zG+NGNFN2+, z*,(KGN2 ZJ2N (NJ+N-N $xK(JN-JLHNJ+ ,+NGGN2 ,/NH+-zGN @02+J2*z Pz- ] PJN PN- ZGNFN2+N \z >L ^G JF MN-2N2 "! PJN ,NGy,+)N-,+2PGJxK z*xK P*-xK K0xK z*V,N2PN >0 20xK-0Fz+0-N2 2JxK+ zyLN+-N22+ (N-PN2 H22N2 K-N2P ?J2JN2,/NH+-N2 )02 ^+0 FN2 0PN- B02N2 *2P ]z2PN2,/NH+-N2 )02 >0GNHGN2 ,JNKN ^y,xK2 urt NFJ++JN-+ (N-PN2 ,J2P H02+J2*JN-GJxKN $/NH+-N2 2JxK+ z+0F y( F0GNHG,/NJX,xK $JN N2+ ,+NKN2 JF N,N2+GJxKN2 P*-xK M-NJN ZGNH+-02N2 JF 'Gz,Fzo ~yN-L2LN (J,xKN2 M-NJ N2 *,+2PN2 MK-N2 *- ]-NF,,+-zKG*2L ~yN-L2LN J2 LNy*2PN2N *,+2PN *%NH0FyJ2z+J02,,+-zKG*2L "2+N- yN,+JFF+N2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 H22N2 2NyN2 PN2 B2+N-MN-N2N2 P*-xK ]NLGNJ+ NGNFN2+N *2P @02+J2*z z*, PN- >z+-J z*xK $+-*2LN2 P*-xK ZFJ,,J02 *2P ^y ,0-/+J02 )02 >0GNHGN2 *2P %zPJHzGN2 z*, PN- >z+-J ]z2PN2,/NH+-N2 ,0(JN )0F 'Gz,FzLz, ^-L02 KN-)0-LN-*MN2 (N-PN2 B2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 NGGN2G2LN2yN-NJ xKN2 H22N2 ,0GxKN $+-*2LN2 ] P*-xK =N,,*2L FLGJxK J,+ ^*xK (N22 PJN,N ?J2JN NJ2N LN-J2LN-N ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ z*M(NJ,N2 ,0GG +N Hz22 Pz, *2+N- "F,+2PN2 L2,+JLN- ,NJ2 ?,,+ ,JxK NJ2N ,+-M-NJN ^2zG,N2 GJ2JN 2JxK+ X2PN2 F*,, PJN FJ+LNFN,,N2N "2+N-L-*2P,+-zKG*2L H0F/N2,JN-+ (N-PN2 [JN *)N-G,,JL,+N >N+K0PN KJN-M- J,+ PJN >N,,*2L NJ2N- ,0 LN2z22+N2 ]GJ2PG ,*2L P K NJ2N- ?,*2L J2 PN- PJN LN,zF+N '-0yN2Fz+-J *2P zGGN ]NLGNJ+NGNFN2+N N2+KzG+N2 ,J2P zyN- 2JxK+ Pz, * yN,+JFFN2PN ZGNFN2+ [zFJ+ (-N PJN >N,,*2L PN- ,/NH+-zGN2 $+-*2L NzH+ z*M PN- ^2zG,N2GJ2JN FLGJxK [JN,N- BPNzGMzGG J,+ IN P0xK J2 PN- '-zJ, 2*- ,NG+N2 LNLNyN2 Pz NJ2N PN-z-+JLN ]GJ2PG,*2L J2 PN2 FNJ,+N2 EGGN2 2JxK+ )N-MLyz- J,+ [z22 ,0GG+N PN- "2+N-L-*2P ,0 2zKN (JN FLGJxK z2 PN^2zG,N2GJ2JN LNFN,,N2 (N-PN2 >J++NG, ,xK(J2LN2PN- 0PN- P-NKyz-N- &*z-%N M-zH+0-/Gz++N J,+ PJN, FzxKyz- 0K2N PJN ZJ2,+NGG*2L PN, >020xK-0Fz+0-, ,NGy,+ * 2PN-2 [JN >N+K0PN Hz22 z2LN(z2P+ (N-PN2 (N22 PN- "2+N-L-*2P z*M yNJPN2 $NJ+N2 PN- ^2zG,N2GJ2JN L*+ PNX2JN-+ J,+ ZJ2 H0FM0-+zyGN-N, *2P *2J)N-,NGGN-N, !N- MzK-N2 J,+ PJN /-0L-zFFJN-+N ,xK-J++(NJ,N >N,,*2L *2P @0--NH+*- PN, "2+N-L-*2PN, (0yNJ PJN NGGN2G2LN2 yNJPN-,NJ+, PN- ^2zG,N2GJ2JN FJ++NG, \0F/*+N-,+N*N-*2L PN, >020xK-0Fz+0-z2+-JNy, M-NJ LN(KG+ (N-PN2 H22N2 $xKGJNGJxK N-FLGJxK+ PJN yN-NJ+, N-(K2+N F0PN-2,+N DN-+NH02XL*-z+J02 FJ+ CzGyGNJ+N-PN+NH+0- *2P z2 LN/z,,+N- C0xKGNJ,+*2L,0/+JH ^--z$/NH+-0FN+N- PJN NJ+LGNJxKN >N,,*2L )02 ZGNFN2+/NzH *2P "2+N-L-*2P >J+ PJN,N- P2zFJ,xKN2 "2+N-L-*2PH0--NH+*- ,J2P PJN >N,,/*2H+N Fz2*NGG ,N+yz- *2P z*xK 2zxK+-LGJxK 2PN-yz- *PNF (J-P PN%z*,xKMzH+0- PN, "2+N-L-*2PN, ,+z-H )N-FJ2PN-+ (z, (JNPN-*F /0,J+J)N ^*,(J- H*2LN2 z*M '-J,J02 *2P =zxK(NJ,L-N2N Kz+ [z-yN- KJ2z*, yJN+N2 ^--z$/NH+ -0FN+N- >LGJxKHNJ+N2 *- ^2(N2P*2L xKNF0FN+-J,xKN- %NxKN2+NxK2JHN2 (JN *F ]NJ,/JNG Pz, >*G+JH0F/02N2+N2$/NH+-N2 EJ++J2L >$E (N22 ^2zG+GJ2JN *2P $+- GJ2JN 2JxK+ )0GG,+2PJL LN+-N22+ (N-PN2 H22N2 >J+ >$E (J-P PJN LN,zF+N B2M0- Fz+J02 NJ2N, NGGN2G2LN2,NLFN2+N, *- *FMz,,N2PN2 ^*,(N-+*2L LN2*++ B2,LN ,zF+ MK-+ PJN NJ+LGNJxKN Z-Mz,,*2L )02 ^2zG,N2GJ2JN *2P JK-N- "FLNy*2L )N- y*2PN2 FJ+ >$E * NJ2N- PN*+GJxKN2 !N-yN,,N-*2L PN, =zxK(NJ,)N-FLN2, =JxK+,/NH+-zGN $+-*2LN2 xKNFJ,xKN- ^-+ xKNFJ,xKN B2+N-MN-N2N2 ] >0GN HGyJGP*2L )02 ^2zG+z+0FN2 FJ+ >z+-JH0F/02N2+N2 (JN ,JN K*XLN- J2 PN- D-z /KJ+0MN2^^$ z*M+-N+N2 ,J2P J2 PN- B\'N+K0PN2 H0F/N2,JN-+ (N-PN2o ^PPJ+J02,FN+K0 PN ^2LGNJxK*2L PN- $+z2Pz-P, z2 PJN '-0yN2Fz+-J 0PN- ^y+-N22*2L PN, * yN ,+JFFN2PN2 ZGNFN2+, )02 PN- >z+-J J-P FJ+ ,z*-N2 '-0yNG,*2LN2 KKN-N- @02
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N2+-z+J02 LNz-yNJ+N+ F*,, z*N-PNF FJ+ @02+zFJ2z+J02N2 P*-xK Pz, N-,+*yN- Fz+N-JzG LN-NxK2N+ (N-PN2 [N- ZJ2V*,, )02 B02J,z+J02,J2+N-MN-N2N2 (JN ,JN J2 PN- EGzFFN2^^$ yN ,xK-JNyN2 (N-PN2 ,JNKN ^y,xK2 urwv F*,, PJdN-N2JN-+ LN,NKN2 (N-PN2 C* XL (J-P PN- B\'LGJxKHNJ+N2 NJ2 L*+N, B2,+-*FN2+z-J*F J2 PN- Cz2P PJN,N $+-*2LN2 J2 PN2 (NJ+z*, FNJ,+N2 EGGN2 * H0F/N2,JN-N2 *2P ,0FJ+ Z-LNy2J,,N FJ+ K0KN- '-J,J02 *2P %JxK+JLHNJ+ * N-JNGN2 ZJ2N2 ,NK- ,xK2N2 ~yN-yGJxH yN- PJN B\'N +K0PN2 Hz22 yN,02PN-, JF #-J2H(z,,N-yN-NJxK zyN- z*xK yNJ D-*2P(,,N-2 *2P *2yNGz,+N+N2 w,,N2,/NH+-0FN+-JN BZ'>$ ror 'K,JHwGJ,uKN D-*2PGwLN2 [JN >z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+-JN yz,JN-+ z*M PN- B02J,JN-*2L )02 ^+0FN2 0PN- >0GNHGN2 J2 LNNJL2N+N2 B02N2.*NGGN2 PN- z2,xKGJNN2PN2 ^*M+-N22*2L PN- B02N2 N2+,/-NxKN2P JK-NF >z,,N?zP*2L,)N-KG+2J, FJ++NG, NGNH+-J,xKN- 0PN- FzL2N+J,xKN- ENGPN#-N22,,+NF *2P ,xKGJNGJxK PN- %NLJ,+-JN-*2L PN- >z,,N2 J2 NJ2NF [N+NH+0-,, +NF !N-,xKJNPN2N B02N2.*NGGN2 ] ZGNH+-02N2,+0 'K0+0 E*2HN2 *2P xKN FJ,xKN B02J,z+J02 Gz,,N2 ,JxK FJ+ )N-,xKJNPN2N2 #-N22,,+NFN2 ] EG*LNJ+ &*z P-*/0G 0PN- $NH+0-MNGPJ2,+-*FN2+N ,0(JN FJ+ )N-,xKJNPN2N2 %NLJ,+-JN-,,+NFN2 ] Ez-zPz^*d2LN- $NH*2P-NGNH+-02N2)N-)JNGMzxKN- H0FyJ2JN-N2 ]NL GJxK PN- ,JxK Pz-z*, N-LNyN2PN2 zKG-NJxKN2 ]z*M0-FN2 )02 >N,,z//z-z+*-N2 ,NJ z*M Pz, ?NK-y*xK )02 %NFz2N *2P CN-,xK*K prr )N-(JN,N2 ,0(JN z*M PJN (NJ +N-MK-N2PN $/NJzGGJ+N-z+*- ] ]*PJHJN(Jx ppw $xK-PN- pp $xK(NP+ ppw =NGF, wt #K0Fz, wu #zG0- w [JN M0GLN2PN2 ^*,MK-*2LN2 yN,xK-2HN2 ,JxK z*M NJ2N ^20-P2*2L FJ+ NJ2NF J2P*H+J) LNH0//NG+N2 'Gz,Fz B\' zG, B02N2.*NGGN *2P NJ2NF &*zP-*/0GFz,,N2XG+N- zG, #-N22NJ2KNJ+ (JN ,JN J2 PN2 KN*+N H0FFN-JNGG z2LNy0+N2N2 B\'>z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+N-2 NJ2LN,N++ (J-P >J+ PJN ,N- #NxK2JH Kz+ ,JxK PJN B\'>$ * NJ2N- ,NK- GNJ,+*2L,,+z-HN2 ]N,+JFF*2L,FN+K0PN M- xKNFJ,xKN ZGNFN2+N N2+(JxHNG+
qw
u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
rort >N,,/-J2J/ JN yNJ PN- B\'z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+N-, ,xKNFz+J,xK Pz-LN ,+NGG+ ^*, PN- V,,JLN2 '-0yN EN,+/-0yN2 F,,N2 P*-xK LNNJL2N+N ^*M,xKG*,,)N- MzK-N2 J2 ?,*2L LNy-zxK+ (N-PN2 (J-P JF N-,+*yN- NJ2 ^N-0,0G N-N*L+ Pz, PNF B\']-N22N- *LNMK-+ (J-P CJN- N-M0GL+ PJN !N-PzF/M*2L ^+0FJ,JN-*2L *2P B02J ,JN-*2L PN, '-0yN2Fz+N-JzG, [JN,N- #NJG PN- ^20-P2*2L J,+ JF N,N2+GJxKN2 )02 PNB\'z,,N?zP*2L,)N-KG+2J, PJN d2*2L (J,xKN2 PN2 $+zy NGNH+-0PN2 P*-xKGz*MN2 *2P zF [N+NH+0- NJ2N2 NGNH+-J,xKN2 BF/*G, z*,G,N2 $0FJ+ J,+ N, FLGJxK P*-xK 2PN-*2L PN, &*zP-*/0GMNGPN, PJN #-z2,FJ,,J02 PN, $/NH+ -0FN+N-, M- yN,+JFF+N B02N2z-+N2 * ,+N*N-2 >z,,N2XG+N- [JN ENGP/z-zFN+NGz,,N2 ,JxK N2+(NPN- M- NJ2N yN,+JFF+N >z,,N MN,+ NJ2,+NGGN2 0PN- x0F/*+N-LN,+N*N-+ ,0 )N-2PN-2 Pz,, NJ2 )0-LNLNyN2N- >z,,N2yN-NJxK J2 NJ2N- PNX2JN-+N2 NJ+ P*-xK Gz*MN2 (J-P ZJ2 >z,,N2,xz277 yN- PN2 LN,zF+N2 -NGN)z2+N2 ZGNFN2+yN-NJxK yJ, *F "-z2 P K yJ, wvq * * f z+0Fz-N >z,,N2NJ2KNJ+ f ss Y gwr HL Pz*N-+ (N2JLN- zG, , [zFJ+ ,J2P &*zP-*/0GFz,,N2,/NH+-0FN+N- (z- HNJ2N NxK+N277 $JF*G+z2,/NH+-0FN+N- zyN- P0xK ,NK- ,xK2NGGN $N.*N2,/NH+-0FN+N- ANPN, JF [N+NH+0- z2H0FFN2PN B02 G,+ NJ2N2 NGNH+-J,xKN2 BF/*G, z*, PN- 2zxK !0-)N-,+-H*2L J2 NJ2NF !JNGHz2zGz2zG,z+0- 2zxK >z,,N2zKG ,NGNH+JN-+ *2P (J ,xKN2LN,/NJxKN-+ (J-P [JN NJ2NG2N2 @z2GN N2+,/-NxKN2 PN2 >z,,N2zKGN2 PN- -N LJ,+-JN-+N2 B02N2 ~yN- PJN BF/*G,zKG IN >z,,N2NJ2KNJ+ H22N2 FJ+ CJGMN )N-,xKJN PN2N- @zGJy-JN-)N-MzK-N2 .*z2+J+z+J)N ZGNFN2+yN,+JFF*2LN2 P*-xKLNMK-+ (N-PN2 Z, )N-,+NK+ ,JxK Pz,, PJN NJ+N-)N-z-yNJ+*2L PN- %0KFN,,Pz+N2 yJ, *F N2PLG+JLN2 ^2zG,N2N-LNy2J, NJ2,xKGJNGJxK ^2zG,N2-N/0-+ J2 F0PN-2N2 B\'>$DN-+N2 NyN2,0 (JN PJN LN,zF+N DN-+N,+N*N-*2L *2P 0/+JFJN-*2L )02 NJ2NF %NxK2N- '\ FJ+ N2+,/-NxKN2PN- $0M+(z-N yN-20FFN2 (J-P &*zP-*/0G>z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+N- N--NJxKN2 NJ2N ^*V,*2L )02 t * yJ, * yNPN2 LN,zF+N2 >z,,N2yN-NJxK [JN,N ^*V,*2L -NJxK+ z*, *F zGGN B,0+0/N yN- Pz, H0F/GN++N 'N-J0PN2,,+NF * +-N22N2 [N*+GJxK yN,,N-N ^*V,*2LN2 N-JNG+ Fz2 2*- FJ+ (N,N2+GJxK H0,+N2J2+N2,J)N-N2 $NH+0-MNGP>z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+N-2 yNJ PN2N2 PJN ^*M+-N22*2L PN- B02N2Fz,,N2 J2 >zL2N+MNGPN-2 ,+z++X2PN+ [JN B\'>z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+-JN KG+ KN*+N * PN2 GNJ,+*2L,,+-H,+N2 #NxK2JHN2 M- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L )02 $/*-N2NGNFN2+N2 [z, J,+ *F L-+N2 #NJG P*-xK Pz, ,NKL*+N =zxK(NJ,)N-FLN2 K0KN ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ *2P =zxK(NJ,L-N2N2 JF ]N-NJxK w yJ, LG M- PJN FNJ,+N2 ZGNFN2+N *2P P*-xK PJN >LGJxKHNJ+ PN- ,xK2NGGN2 >*G+JNGNFN2+yN,+JFF*2L yNL-2PN+ [N- L-0N GJ2Nz-N ^-yNJ+,yN-NJxK yN- q yJ, p NK2N-/0+N2N2 LN,+z++N+ N, ZGNFN2+N J2 ,NK- *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 @02N2+-z+J02, yN-NJxKN2 ,xK2NGG *2P *)N-G,,JL * N-Mz,,N2 CJ2* H0FFN2 NJ2N -NGz+J) NJ2MzxKN
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u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
'-0yN2*M*K- *2P NJ2MzxKN @zGJy-JN-*2L,FLGJxKHNJ+N2 FJ+ ,2+KN+J,xKN2 ?,*2LN2 0PN- $+z2Pz-PzPPJ+J02,)N-MzK-N2 [z-yN- KJ2z*, Gz,,N2 ,JxK B,0+0/N2)N-KG+2J,,N PN- ZGNFN2+N yN,+JFFN2 *2P B,0+0/N2)N-P22*2L,z2zG,N2 P*-xKMK-N2 [z, '-J2 J/ PN- B,0+0/N2)N-P22*2L,z2zG,N J,+ M- zGGN ZGNFN2+N z2(N2Pyz- PJN FJ2PN,+N2, (NJ ,+zyJGN B,0+0/N yN,J+N2 *2P N-FLGJxK+ ,0(0KG >z-HJN-*2L,)N-,*xKN zG, z*xK PJN ]N,NJ+JL*2L ,,+NFz+J,xKN- ENKGN- >J+ PN- ^*V,*2L Lz2zKGJLN- z+0Fz-N>z,,N2NJ2KNJ+N2 G,,+ ,JxK Pz, LN,zF+N 'N-J0PN2,,+NF PN- ZGNFN2+N J2 NJ2NF >z, ,N2,/NH+-*F yJ, *F "-z2 Pz-,+NGGN2 [z N, (NJ+N-KJ2 M- PJN NJ2NG2N2 ZGNFN2+N 2*- NJ2N yNL-N2+N ^2zKG 2z+-GJxKN- B,0+0/N FJ+ L*+ yNHz22+N2 B,0+0/N2)N-KG+ 2J,,N2 LJy+ J,+ PJN B2+N-/-N+z+J02 PJN,N- >z,,N2,/NH+-N2 -NGz+J) NJ2MzxK JF !N-LGNJxK * PN2 FJ+ FNK-N-N2 +z*,N2P ?J2JN2 ,NK- H0F/GJJN-+N2 ZFJ,,J02,,/NH+-N2 yNJ PNB\'$ yN-/-M+ (N- PN2 J2 (NGxKN- NJ,N *2P (JN ,+z-H LN-+N+NxK2J,xKN 'z-zFN+N- 0PN- "2+N-,xKJNPN J2 PN- '-0yN2Fz+-J PJN ^2zG,N2N-LNy2J,,N yNNJ2V*,,N2 CJN- ,J2P PJN z2Mz2L, N+(z, * 0/+JFJ,+J,xKN2 ZJ2,xK+*2LN2 NJ2JLN- DN-+NKN-,+NGGN- (z, PJN ,+-*2L,M-NJN >N,,*2L yN+-Jd+ J2 JNFGJxK H*-N- NJ+ )02 PN2 ^2(N2PN-2 -NGz+J)JN-+ (0-PN2 #-0+ KN-)0--zLN2PN- z2zG+J,xKN- ?NJ,+*2L,MKJLHNJ+ J,+ N, z*xK FJ+ PN- B\'>$ 2JxK+ FLGJxK zGGN ZGNFN2+N JF LN,zF+N2 @02N2+-z+J02,yN-NJxK J2 INPN- '-0yN2 Fz+-J ,+-*2L,M-NJ * yN,+JFFN2 ^*xK KJN- Hz22 N, * M0GLN2,xK(N-N2 ,,+NFz +J,xKN2 ^2zG,N2MNKGN-2 H0FFN2 (N22 $+-*2LN2 2JxK+ N-Hz22+ *2P 2JxK+ H0--JLJN-+ (N-PN2 [N,KzGy J,+ NJ2N ,+2PJLN &*zGJ++,H02+-0GGN PN- ^2zG,N2N-LNy2J,,N z*xK M- PJN B\'>$ (J2LN2P N-M0-PN-GJxK $+-*2LN2 J2 PN- B\'>$ Gz,,N2 ,JxK K2GJxK (JN yNJ PN- ^^$ *2P ^Z$ (NJ @z+NL0-JN2 *0-P2N2o $/NH+-zGN $+-*2LN2 >z,,N2J2+N-MN-N2N2 *2P 2JxK+,/NH+ -zGN $+-*2LN2 P*-xK PJN '-0yN2Fz+-J [JN #z+,zxKN Pz,, z*ML-*2P PN- 2JNP-JLN2 >z,,N2z*V,*2L t * )02 &*zP-* /0G,/NH+-0FN+N-2 /-zH+J,xK 2*- Lz2zKGJLN z+0Fz-N >z,,N2NJ2KNJ+N2 LN2z*N-o >z,,N?zP*2L,)N-KG+2J,,N LN+-N22+ (N-PN2 H22N2 MK-+ +NJG(NJ,N * N-KNyGJxKN2 ,/NH+-zGN2 $+-*2LN2 yN,02PN-, JF *2+N-N2 >z,,N2yN-NJxK (J,xKN2 w *2P q * E0GLN2PN Z-,xKNJ2*2LN2 H22N2 >z,,N2J2+N-MN-N2N2 yN(J-HN2o
B,0yz-Nn @G*,+N-B02N2n P0//NG+ LNGzPN2N B02N2n =zxKyz-B02N2n z,,N )0-Kz2PN2 ,J2P ^*ML-*2P PN- H02,+z2+N2 B,0+0/N2)N-KG+2J,,N PN- 2z+-GJxK )0-H0FFN2PN2 ZGNFN2+N ^*,2zKFNo 'y *2P PN- #z+,zxKN Pz,, yNJ Mz,+ zGGN2 ZGNFN2+N2 FJ2PN,+N2, NJ2 B,0+0/ ,+-*2L,M-NJ J2 ]N*L z*M B,0yz-N2 LN FN,,N2 (N-PN2 Hz22 Gz,,N2 ,JxK J,0yz-N B2+N-MN-N2N2 -NGz+J) L*+ yNKN--,xKN2 >0 PN-2N DN-+N yJN+N2 KJN-* N2+,/-NxKN2PN $0M+(z-N M- PJN $/NH+-N2z*,(N-+*2L
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
qt
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CCCsL =z Hz22 N-Mz,,+ (N-PN2 ]N,02PN-, J2+N-N,,z2+ J,+ Pz,, /-zH+J,xK Pz, LN,zF+N ZGNFN2+,/NH+-*F 0PN- NJ2 L-0N- #NJG PN,,N2 J2 NJ2NF ?z*M77 N-KzG+N2 (J-P DN-zPN M- PN2 $/*-N2yN-NJxK J,+ PJN, (JxK+JL CJN- N-Mz,,+ Fz2 ZGNFN2+N z*+0Fz+J,xK FJ+ PJN Fz2 )0-KN- FJ+ z2PN-N2 >N+K0PN2 2JxK+ LNJNG+ LN,*xK+ Kz+ ]NJ ,,N-2 FJ+ NJ2MzxKN- >z+-J (JN &*NGG(,,N- #-J2H(,,N- *2P LN-J2L yNGz,+N+N 0GNHGN H22N2 PJN, z*xK ]NJ PN- ^+0Fzy,0-/+J02 yN(J-H+ PJN ^*M2zKFN )02 ?JxK+ PNX2JN-+N- NGGN2G2LN2 PJN ^2-NL*2L )02 !zGN2NGNH+-0
Vakuum-UV
-17
300
Ultraviolett
-16
-15
-13
pm
-12
-11
Blau
-10 nm
-9
Röntgenstrahlung
Wellenlänge
Gammastrahlen
400
Violett
Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse (RFA)
Röntgenemissionsspektrometrie
-7
ElektronenAnregung
-8
Gelb Orange
-6
-5 -4
^yy us
-3
-2 cm
m
KernspinAnregung
0
-1 dm
700
Elektronenspin-Anreg.
Rotationen
mm
lg (λ / m)
Mikrowellen
Rot
kernmagnetische Resonanzspektroskopie (NMR)
Elektronenspinresonanzspektroskopie (ESR)
Gamma-Resonanzspektroskopie (Mößbauer-Spektroskopie)
1
2
km
3
Radiowellen
4
800
800
5
rot
6
7
Längstwellen
nahes Infra
Schwingungen + Rotationen
IR-Spektrometrie
900
8
2000
ZGNH+-0FzL2N+J,xKN, $/NH+-*F *2P >N+K0PN2 PN- $/NH+-0FN+-JN
IR-Spektrometrie
Schwingungen + Rotationen
µm
Infrarotstrahlung
λ /n m 600 VIS (sichtbares Licht)
UV-Strahlg.
500
Grün
Elektronenanregung
UV/VIS-Spektrometrie
Atomabsorptionsspektrometrie (AAS)
Atomemissionsspektrometrie (AES, ICP-OES)
KernKern- Elektronenanregung umwandlung Anreg. innere Niveaus (K,L)
-14
kosmische Strahlung
10
200
185
160
p u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
p
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pw
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roqr $+-*2LN2 J2 PN- "!!B$$/NH+-0FN+-JN [JN ]N-NxK2*2L PN- ^2zG+H02N2+-z+J02 z*, PN- ^y,0-/+J02 J,+ 2*- Pz22 LN2z* (N22 PJN M0GLN2PN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 N-MGG+ ,J2Po [JN ^2zG,N2G,*2L N2+KG+ 2*- PJN * yN,+JFFN2PN @0F/02N2+Nn Pz, ?,*2L,FJ++NG J,+ M-NJ )02 !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2n !N-LGNJxK,H)N++N *2P >N,,H)N++N ,J2P 0/+J,xK )GGJL JPN2+J,xK *2P M-NJ )02 * N-N2 !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 [JN,N- BPNzGMzGG J,+ INP0xK J2 PN- '-zJ, J2 PN2 ,NG+N2,+N2 EGGN2 *2P Pz22 2*- z2 2KN-2P * -NzGJ,JN-N2 B2,yN,02PN-N J,+ PJN N-,+N ]NPJ2L*2L yNJ -NzGN2 '-0yN2G ,*2LN2 NJLN2+GJxK 2JN N-MGG+ B2 PN- @02,N.*N2 MK-+ Pz, * ^y(NJxK*2LN2 )0F ?zFyN-+]NN-1,xKN2 DN,N+ CJN- *2+N-,xKNJPN+ Fz2 (zK-N ^y(NJxK*2LN2 *2P ,xKNJ2yz-N ^y(NJxK*2LN2 zK-N ^y(NJxK*2LN2 )0F ?zFyN-+]NN-1,xKN2 DN,N+ 0PN- z2PN-, M0-F*GJN-+ ^y(NJxK*2LN2 J2 PN- (zK-N2 ^y,0-/+J02 (N-PN2 P*-xK xKNFJ,xKN !N-2PN-*2LN2 PN- zy,0-yJN-N2PN2 $*y,+z2 )N-*-,zxK+ ] P*-xK [J,,0Jz+J02 ^,,0Jz+J02 !N- yJ2P*2L,yJGP*2L FJ+ z2PN-N2 @0F/02N2+N2 z*xK FJ+ PNF ?,*2L,FJ++NG J2 ^y K2LJLHNJ+ )02 PN- @02N2+-z+J02 PN- @0F/02N2+N2 !02 ,xKNJ2yz-N2 ^y(NJxK*2LN2 ,/-JxK+ Fz2 (N22 Pz, * FN,,N2PN ?JxK+ 2JxK+ 2*- P*-xK (zK-N ^y,0-/+J02 ,02PN-2 z*xK P*-xK $+-N**2L *2P %NVNJ02 0PNz2PN-N /K,JHzGJ,xKN ZJ2V,,N LN,xK(xK+ (J-P ^*xK PN- ,0 LN2z22+N $JNyNdNH+ J,+ KJN- NJ2*0-P2N2 Z- +-J++ z*M (N22 PJN zy,0-yJN-N2PN2 >0GNHGN 2JxK+ K0F0LN2 J2 PN- '-0yN2G,*2L )N-+NJG+ ,J2P [zP*-xK N2+,+NKN2 ]NJ-HN ?xKN- (JN J2 NJ2NF $JNy P*-xK PJN Pz, z*, PNF >020xK-0Fz+0- z*,+-N+N2PN ?JxK+ 0K2N NxK,NG(J- H*2L FJ+ PN2 zy,0-yJN-N2PN2 >0GNHGN2 KJ2P*-xKLNK+ B2 PN- z2zG+J,xKN2 ^y,0-/+J02,,/NH+-0FN+-JN ,0GG+N Fz2 ,JxK ,+N+, )N-LNLN2(- +JLN2 Pz,, PJN ,*y,+z2,/NJX,xKN ^y,0-/+J02 2JN PJ-NH+ LNFN,,N2 (N-PN2 Hz22 ,02PN-2 JFFN- 2*- NJ2N DN,zF+zy,0-/+J0277 P K NJ2N $*FFN z*, PN2 ^y,0-/ +J02N2 PN- @)N++N PN, ?,*2L,FJ++NG, PN- J2+N-N,,JN-N2PN2 $*y,+z2 PN, ^2zG+, *2P PN- ]NLGNJ+,*y,+z2N2 J2 PN- '-0yN2G,*2L [JN ^y,0-/+J02N2 )02 @)N++N *2P ?,*2L,FJ++NG )N-,*xK+ Fz2 (JN yN-NJ+, N-(K2+ FJ++NG, !N-LGNJxK,FN,,*2L * H0F /N2,JN-N2 CJ2,JxK+GJxK PN, ^2zG+, *2P PN- ]NLGNJ+,*y,+z2N2 F,,+N 2*2 NJLN2+GJxK z2 $+NGGN PN, ?zFyN-+]NN-1,xKN2 DN,N+N, NJ2N K2GJxKN NF/J-J,xKN ]NJNK*2L +-N +N2 B2 PN- z2zG+J,xKN2 '-zJ, J,+ N, PN,(NLN2 )N-NJ2MzxKN2P yGJxK PJN ,/NH+-zGN2 ^y,0-/+J02,H0NdJJN2+N2 2JxK+ zG, $+0dH02,+z2+N z2*2NKFN2 ,02PN-2 FJ+KJGMN )02 @zGJy-JN-FN,,*2LN2 * yN,+JFFN2 >z2 N-FJ++NG+ M- NJ2N )0-LNLNyN2N NG GN2G2LN PJN ^y,0-/+J02N2 NJ2N- %NJKN )02 @zGJy-JN-G,*2LN2 FJ+ )N-,xKJNPN2N2 PNX2JN-+N2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 PN- * yN,+JFFN2PN2 $*y,+z2 *2P +-L+ PJN,N yNPN- @02N2+-z+J02 z*M =zxK PNF ?zFyN-+]NN-1,xKN2 DN,N+ F,,N2 PJN NJ2NG2N2 @zGJy-JN-/*2H+N z*M NJ2N- DN-zPN2 GJNLN2 PJN P*-xK PN2 =*GG/*2H+ LNK+ (0yNJ PN,/NH+-zGN ^y,0-/+J02,H0NdJJN2+ PN2 ^2,+JNL PN- @zGJy-JN-LN-zPN2 yN,+JFF+ ^y(NJxK*2LN2 )0F ?zFyN-+]NN-1,xKN2 DN,N+ (N-PN2 J2 PN- @zGJy-JN-H*-)N zG, ^y(NJxK*2LN2 )02 PN- ?J2Nz-J++ ,JxK+yz- [*-xK >N,,*2L PN- ^y,0-/+J02 NJ2N^2zG,N2/-0yN Hz22 yN- PJN @zGJy-JN-H*-)N PJN *2yNHz22+N @02N2+-z+J02 J2 PJN,N'-0yN N-FJ++NG+ (N-PN2
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
pr
^GGN-PJ2L, H22N2 ,JxK yNJ PJN,N- '-0NP*- N-KNyGJxKN ENKGN- NJ2,xKGNJxKN2 [N@zGJy-JN-H*-)N J,+ N, *2xK,+ 2JxK+ z2*,NKN2 0y PJN '-0yN2G,*2L N+(z ,+-N2PN ]NLGNJ+,*y,+z2N2 N2+KG+ 0y ?,*2L,FJ++NG 0PN- @)N++N2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxK )N-*2 -NJ2JL+ ,J2P 0PN- 0y $+-N*NdNH+N z2 PN- N,,*2L ,xKFzGN- ^y,0-/ +J02,yz2PN2
EzG,xKGJxK+MNKGN-
EzG,xKGJxK+ENKGGJxK+,+-z GJLK+ f ?JxK+ MzG,xKN- NGGN2G2 LN Pz, PN2 >020xK-0Fz+0- /z,,JN-+ $+-N**2L z2 0/+J,xKN2 EGxKN2 PN, >020xK-0Fz+0-, [0//NG yN,,N- zG, ZJ2MzxK F020xK-0Fz+0-N2
EG*0-N,N2
ZJLN2V*0-N,N2 yN,+JFF+N- @)N++N2+/N2 ZJLN2V*0-N, N2 PN- '-0yN ^y,+z2P '-0yN *F [N+NH+0- ,/NH+-zGN ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ PN, [N+NH+0-,
#NF/N-z+*-MNKGN-
!0G*FN2MNKGN- P*-xK #NF/N-z+*-2PN-*2LN2 2PN-*2LN2 J2 PN- -NGz+J)N2 ]N,N+*2L PN, $xK(J2L*2L, *2P %0+z+J02, 2J)Nz*, !N-y-NJ+N-*2L )02 ^y,0-/+J02,yz2PN2 FJ+ ^y2zKFN PN- ]z2PN2KKN yNJ #NF/N-z+*-N-KK*2L yN,02PN-, JF Gz2L (NGGJLN2 ]N-NJxK
$+-N**2L P*-xK >N,,G,*2LN2
#-y*2L,L-zP @02N2+-z+J02 'z-+JHNGL-N 'z-+JHNGM0-F NGGN2G2LN ]NPN*+*2L yNJ yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 *2P FNPJJ2J,xKN2 '-0yN2
pq
u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
PJN N2+,/-NxKN2PN2 ^2zG+H02N2+-z+J02N2 ]N(NLN2 ,JxK PJN,N JF %zKFN2 PN- ENK GN-L-N2N2 ,0 GJNL+ (zK-,xKNJ2GJxK HNJ2N $+-*2L )0- DJy+ N, PN*+GJxKN ^y(NJxK*2 LN2 ,0 ,J2P (NJ+N-N @-J+N-JN2 *- @G-*2L PN- $+-NdNH+N KN-z2*JNKN2 ] B2 M0-Fz+J02N2 z*, ,0 LN2z22+N2 ^y,0-/+J02,[JzL-zFFN2 >z2 (KG+ FNK-N-N xKz -zH+N-J,+J,xKN NGGN2G2LN2 yJ, 2 z*, ] NGGN2G2LN2 FNK-N-N- ^y,0-/+J02, FzJFz JF $/NH+-*F *2P FJ,,+ IN(NJG, PJN ^y,0-/+J02N2 ^ yJ, ^2 NJ2N- !N-P2 2*2L,-NJKN =*2 H22N2 PJN * PN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 NGGN2G2LN2 LNK-N2PN2 ^y ,0-/+J02N2 LNLN2NJ2z2PN- z*MLN+-zLN2 (N-PN2 ^ LNLN2 ^w ^2g LNLN2 ^2 [N2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 @02N2+-z+J02,(N-+N2 N2+,/-NxKN2P !N-P22*2L,-NJKN N-KG+ Fz2 IN(NJG, DN-zPN2 JF ^y,0-/+J02,PJzL-zFF B,+ HNJ2N $+-*2L )0-Kz2PN2 ] yNJ NJ2N- @02N2+-z+J02,-NJKN NJ2N- NJ2JLN2 -NJ2N2 $*y,+z2 N-LNyN2 ,JxK ut=*GG /*2H+,LN-zPN2 ^2,+JNL f ?JNLN2 $+-*2LN2 )0- LJy+ N, ^y(NJxK*2LN2 )02 PJN ,N- DN-zPN2 ]NJ,/JNG,(NJ,N *N-2 ,JxK zy,0-yJN-N2PN ]NLGNJ+,*y,+z2N2 J2 =*GG /*2H+,LN-zPN2 FJ+ HGNJ2N-NF ^2,+JNL zG, ut *2P ENKGN- P*-xK ?JxK+,+-N**2L J2 =*GG/*2H+,LN-zPN2 (NGxKN ,+NJGN- )N-Gz*MN2 'z-zGGNG )N-,xK0yN2N utDN-zPN2 PJN 2JxK+ P*-xK PN2 =*GG/*2H+ LNKN2 PN*+N2 z*M *N-GJxK )N-*2-NJ2JL+N @)N++N2 KJ2 Z, ,0GG+N2 FLGJxK,+ )JNGN NGGN2G2LN2H0FyJ2z+J02N2 LNLN2NJ2z2PN- z*MLN+-zLN2 (N-PN2 *F zGGN $+-FLGJxKHNJ+N2 * N-HN22N2 ^y,xKGJNN2P *F #KNFz $+-*2LN277 ,NJN2 20xKFzG, FLGJxKN ,,+NFz+J,xKN ENKGN- yNJ PN- ]N,+JFF*2L ,/NH+-zGN- ^y,0-/+J02,H0NdJJN2+N2 ,0(JN EzH+0-N2 PJN ,JN yNNJ2V*,,N2 H22N2 +zyNGGz-J,xK z*MLNMK-+ #zy uu 0K2N JF ZJ2NG2N2 z*M ,JN NJ2*LNKN2 CJN- ,NJ z*M PJN (NJ+N-MK-N2PN EzxKGJ+N-z+*- )N-(JN,N2 Dz*LGJ+ pqvn 'N-HzF/*, pqsn $xKFJP+ ppu
roqq XJ2,w+FLGJuKHNJ+N2 J2 PN- w,,N-w2wG+JH >N+K0PN2 PN- "!!B$$/NH+-0FN+-JN X2PN2 KN*+N NJ2N y-NJ+N ^2(N2P*2L JF ]N -NJxK PN- "F(NG+z2zG+JH *2P ,/NJNGG z*xK JF z,,N-Gzy0- *- ]N,+JFF*2L ,0(0KG )02 @z+J02N2 *2P )02 ^2J02N2 zG, z*xK )02 0-Lz2J,xKN2 !N-yJ2P*2LN2 ,0(JN )02 E-y*2L *2P #-y*2L [z-yN- KJ2z*, (N-PN2 $/NH+-zG/K0+0FN+N- J2 PN- N2Fz+J,xKN2 ^2zG,N *2P Z2FHJ2N+JH ,0(JN z*xK zG, [N+NH+0-N2 J2 PN- C'?\ ,JNKN *2+N2 NJ2LN,N++ ^*xK (N22 J2 ,/NJNGGN2 ]N-NJxKN2 (JN ] yNJ >N+zGGHz+J02N2 0PN- yNJ ^2J02N2 F0PN-2N !N-MzK-N2 PN- ^+0F,/NH+-0FN+-JN ^^$ B\'N+zGGHz+J02N2 JF ,JxK+yz-N2 $/NH+-zGyN-NJxK 2JxK+ 0PN- 2*-
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
pp
,NK- ,xK(zxK zy,0-yJN-N2 ,NK- HGNJ2N, ^yKJGMN ,xKzd+ N-,+ PJN #z+,zxKN Pz,, ,JxK )JNGN @z+J02N2 FJ+ CJGMN )02 @0F/GNyJGP2N-2 J2 ,+z-H Mz-yJLN !N-yJ2P*2LN2 FJ+ ,/NH+-zGN2 ^y,0-/+J02,H0NdJJN2+N2 u GF0G Y xF yN-MK-N2 Gz,,N2 ]N,02PN-, yN(K-+ KzyN2 ,JxK 0-Lz2J,xKN @0F/GNyJGP2N- (JN *F ]NJ,/JNG [J+KJ 02 qCP-0xKJ20GJ2 E0-FzGP0JF =z[J+KJ0xz-yzFz+ *F 2*- NJ2JLN * 2N2 2N2 $/NJNGGN ^2(N2P*2LN2 (N-PN2 J2 PN2 ^y,xK2 u *2P u yN,xK-JNyN2 [JN FNJ,+N2 @0F/GNyJGP2N- H22N2 FJ+ ,NK- )JNGN2 >N+zGGN2 @0F/GNyJ2P*2LN2 NJ2LNKN2 P K ,JN ,J2P 2JxK+ ,NK- ,NGNH+J) ^2PN-N @0F/02N2+N2 H22N2 Pz22 PJN ]N,+JFF*2L PN, J2+N-N,,JN-N2PN2 ZGNFN2+, ,+-N2 Z, LJy+ zyN- z*xK %NzLN2JN2 PJN ,NK- ,NGNH+J) FJ+ NJ2N- yNL-N2+N2 zKG )02 ZGNFN2+N2 0PN- ,0Lz- ,/NJX,xK FJ+ 2*- NJ2NF ZGNFN2+ -NzLJN-N2 [JN $NGNH+J)J++ PN- Ez-y-NzH+J02 J,+ PzyNJ )02 zKG-NJxKN2 EzH+0-N2 zyK2LJL (JN *F ]NJ,/JNG )02 PN- N+zGGJ02N2 H22N2 FJ+ 0-Lz2J,xKN2 Ez-y,+0dF0GNHGN2 B02N2z,,0 Jz+N FJ+ ,NK- L-0N2 ,/NH+-zGN2 ^y,0-/+J02,H0NdJJN2+N2 yJGPN2 PJN Pz22 FJ+ 0-Lz2J ,xKN2 ?,*2L,FJ++NG2 N+-zKJN-+ *2P /K0+0FN+-J,xK yN,+JFF+ (N-PN2 H22N2 [JN,N >N+K0PN2 PN- Z+-zH+J02,,/NH+-0/K0+0FN+-JN FJ+ yz,J,xKN2 *2P ,z*-N2 Ez-y,+0dN2 N--NJxKN2 ,NK- L*+N ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+N2 *2P =zxK(NJ,L-N2N2 yJ, J2 PN2 LG]N-NJxK ZJ2JLN ,xK(N-G,GJxKN B02N2z,,0Jz+N PJN 2JxK+ N+-zKJN-+ (N-PN2 ,02PN-2 ,JxK zG, EG0xHN2 z2 PN- 'Kz,N2L-N2N *,zFFN2GzLN-2 Hz22 Fz2 P*-xK [NHz2+JN-N2 0PN- EJG+-JN-N2 zy+-N22N2 PN2 %xH,+z2P z*V,N2 *2P /K0+0FN+-J,xK )N-FN,,N2 ^*xK FJ+ PJN,N- #NxK2JH PN- ,0 LN2z22+N2 EG0+z+J02,,/NH+-0/K0+0FN+-JN ,J2P ,NKL-0N ,/NH+-zGN ^y,0-/+J02,H0NdJJN2+N2 * N-JNGN2 JN JF EzGGN PN- @z+J02N2 J,+ Fz2 z*xK yNJ PN- /K0+0FN+-J,xKN2 ^2J02N2yN,+JF F*2L yN,+-Ny+ NJ2N Mz-yJLN JNG)N-yJ2P*2L * N-N*LN2 PJN JF "!!B$]N-NJxK ,+z-H zy,0-yJN-+ CJN- LJy+ N, L-*2P,+GJxK (NJ )N-,xKJNPN2N #/N2 )02 %NzH+J02N2 ]NJF N-,+N2 #/ J,+ Pz, * yN,+JFFN2PN ^2J02 J2 PN- JNG)N-yJ2P*2L N2+KzG+N2 ]NJ,/JNGN KJN-M- ,J2Po [J-NH+yN,+JFF*2L )02 ]-0F *2P A0P 2zxK 020xK-0Fz+0- yN,+NK+ z*, PNF $/zG+,,+NF PN- >020xK-0Fz+0-0/+JH *2P PNF PJ,/N-LJN-N2PN2 ZGNFN2+ ZJ2+-J++, *2P ^*,+-J++,,/zG+ Gz,,N2 ,JxK (J ,xKN2 N+(z F *2P NJ2JLN2 FF NJ2,+NGGN2 (0FJ+ B2+N2,J++ *2P ^*V,*2L yNNJ2V*,,+ (N-PN2 H22N2 *- z+N-JzGJN2 NJ2LN,N++ (N-PN2 F*,,+N2 BF FJ++GN-N2 B2M-z-0+yN-NJxK (z- Pz, )0-(JNLN2P =z+-J*FxKG0-JP M- KKN-N NGGN2G2LN2 @zGJ*Fy-0FJP \,J*Fy-0FJP \,J*FJ0PJP DGz, *2P &*z- ,0(JN ?J+KJ*F V*0-JP *2P \zGxJ*FV*0-JP (z-N2 2*- JF H*-(NGGJLN2 ]N-NJxK NJ2,N+yz- CN*+N (N-PN2 2*- 20xK ]N*L*2L,LJ++N- zG, PJ,/N-LJN-N2PN, ZGNFN2+ )N-(N2PN+ ]N* L*2L,LJ++N- (z-N2 z2Mz2L, +N*N- *2P GJxK+,xK(zxK =N*N #NxK2JHN2 N-FLGJxK+N2 yN,+JFF+N E0-FN2 PN- DJ++N-M*-xKN2 ZxKNGN++NDJ++N- *2P PzFJ+ NJ2N L-N-N ?JxK+,+-HN NJ+N-N !N-yN,,N-*2L PN- Z2N-LJNz*,yN*+N FJ+ !N-FJ2PN-*2L PN, $+-N*GJxK+z2+NJG, N--NJxK+ Fz2 FJ+ K0G0L-z/KJ,xKN2 DJ++N-2 [z, B2+N-MN-N2!N- Gz*M,XG+N- zG, yNHz22+N, '-J2J/ Ezy-'N-0+B2+N-MN-0FN+N- X2PN+ Fz2 KN*+N (JNPN- J2 yN,02PN-, H0F/zH+N2 DN-+N2 ] J2 +-zLyz-N2 DN-+N2 JF ]N-NJxK PN- "F(NG+z2zG+JH ]NJ PN2 [N+NH+0-N2 *2+N-,xKNJPN+ Fz2 /K0+0NGNH+-J,xKN *2P +KN-FJ,xKN [N+NH +0-N2 [JN /K0+0NGNH+-J,xKN2 ZF/M2LN- (z2PNG2 yN- PJN NxK,NG(J-H*2L 'K0+02 ZGNH+-02 PJ-NH+ B%$+-zKG*2L J2 NGNH+-J,xKN $JL2zGN N2+(NPN- P*-xK 2PN-*2L PN?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ )02 CzGyGNJ+N-Fz+N-JzG 0PN- P*-xK ^*Myz* NJ2N- 'K0+0,/z22*2L z2 NJ2N- 2/D-N2,xKJxK+ [JN +KN-FJ,xKN2 [N+NH+0-N2 2*+N2 ZJLN2,xKzM+,2PN-*2 LN2 PJN P*-xK #NF/N-z+*-2PN-*2LN2 yNPJ2L+ ,J2P ^F K*XL,+N2 z2LN(z2P+ J,+ Pz, #KN-F0NGNFN2+ Pz, z*M PN- #NF/N-z+*-zyK2LJLHNJ+ PN- #KN-F0,/z22*2L yN -*K+ NJ+N-N !N-+-N+N- ,J2P Pz, ]0G0FN+N- PN- D0Gz[N+NH+0- *2P PN- /K0+0zH*, +J,xKN [N+NH+0- [JN 'K0+0PN+NH+0-N2 FJ+ JK-N- KKN-N2 ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ *2P H- N-N2 ^2,/-NxKNJ+ KzyN2 PJN +KN-FJ,xKN2 ZF/M2LN- (NJ+LNKN2P )N-P-2L+ ^2 Pz, 0/+J,xKN $,+NF J,+ PJN E0-PN-*2L LN,+NGG+ PJN $+-zKG*2L,.*NGGN FJ+ FL GJxK,+ LN-J2LN2 $+-zKG*2L,)N-G*,+N2 2zxK NGGN2G2LN2 ,NGNH+JN-+ z*M PNF [N+NH+0zy*yJGPN2 DGz, 0PN- &*z-GJ2,N2 ,J2P JF B2M-z-0+yN-NJxK 2JxK+ FNK- )N-(N2Pyz- $JN zy,0-yJN-N2 yNJ NGGN2G2LN2 )02 FNK- zG, w F DGz, 0PN- vq F &*z- /-zH+J,xK ,F+GJxKN $+-zKG*2L,z2+NJGN [JN 020xK-0Fz+0- [z, Kz+ z*N-PNF PN2 !0-+NJG Pz,, Pz, )02 '-0yN *2P @)N++N )N-*-,zxK+N $+-N*GJxK+ P*-xK PN2 >020xK-0Fz+0- z*, LN,xKzG+N+ (N-PN2 Hz22 ZJ2 =zxK+NJG yN,+NK+ Pz-J2 Pz,, PJN LN,zF+N 2JxK+ PJ,/N- LJN-+N $+-zKG*2L z*M PJN '-0yN NJ2(J-H+ *2P NF/X2PGJxKN @0F/02N2+N2 N)N2+*NGG +KN-FJ,xK yNNJ2V*,,+ (N-PN2 H22N2 E- PN2 !N-,+-HN- LJG+ ,NGy,+)N-,+2PGJxK Pz,, N- z*M PJN IN(NJGJLN2 DNLNyN2KNJ+N2 PN, )0-GJNLN2PN2 DN-+N+/, zyLN,+JFF+ ,NJ2 F*,, yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N z*M PJN E-N.*N2 PN- zF [N+NH+0-z*,Lz2L z2GJNLN2PN2 NxK,NG,/z22*2L PJN yNJ PN2 KN*+N yN-(JN LN2P z2LN(z2P+N2 (NJ,+-zKGLN-+N2 NxK,NGGJxK+FN+K0PN P*-xK NJ2N2 -0+JN-N2 PN2 $NH+0-,/JNLNG \K0//N- )0-LNLNyN2 (J-P [zP*-xK (N-PN2 E-NFPGJxK+z2+NJGN PJN NyN2 2JxK+ F0P*GJN-+ ,J2P z*xK 2JxK+ )N-,+-H+ *2P ,0FJ+ NGJFJ2JN-+ $xKGJNGJxK N-M0GL+ PJN >N,,(N-+)N-z-yNJ+*2L yNJ F0PN-2N2 DN-+N2 (JN yN-NJ+, FNK-MzxK yN,xK-JNyN2 z*xK J2 PN- B%$/NH+-0FN+-JN yN- %NxK2N- '\ FJ+ ,/N JX,xKN2 '-0L-zFFN2 PJN z*xK PJN LN,zF+N DN-+N,+N*N-*2L yN-2NKFN2 CJ2* H0FFN2 ,/NJNGGN $0M+(z-N,,+NFN *- $/NH+-N2,/NJxKN-*2L *2P *F !N-LGNJxK FJ+ $/NH+-N2yJyGJ0+KNHN2 NJ2,xKGJNGJxK N2+,/-NxKN2PN- $*xK,,+NFN E#B%$/NH+-0FN+N- E0*-JN-#-z2,M0-FB%$/NH+-0FN+N- (NJxKN2 ,0(0KG FN +K0PJ,xK zG, z*xK )0F DN-+Nz*Myz* KN- )GGJL )02 PN- KN-HFFGJxKN2 >N,,z20-P 2*2L PN- ^y,0-/+J02,,/NH+-0FN+-JN zy CJN- N-M0GL+ PJN NGGN2G2LN2PJ,/N-,J02 FJ+ +NG, NJ2N, B2+N-MN-N2)N-MzK-N2, 2zxK >JxKNG,02 >JxKNG,02B2+N-MN-0FN+N- 0PN>JxKNG,02^20-P2*2L ^*M '-J,FN2 0PN- ]N*L*2L,LJ++N- Hz22 yNJ PJN,N- #NxK2JH L2GJxK )N-JxK+N+ (N-PN2 @N-2,+xH NJ2N, ,0GxKN2 >JxKNG,02B2+N-MN-0FN+N-, J,+ NJ2 $/JNLNG,,+NF z*, NJ2NF MN,+N2 *2P NJ2NF yN(NLGJxKN2 $/JNLNG [JN )02 PN'-0yN P*-xKLNGz,,N2N $+-zKG*2L NJ2N- /0GxK-0Fz+J,xKN2 $+-zKG*2L,.*NGGN +-Jd+ z*M NJ2N2 $+-zKG*2L,+NJGN- KzGyP*-xKG,,JLN- $/JNLNG PN- NJ2N2 #NJG PN- $+-zKG*2L z*M PN2 MN,+N2 $/JNLNG -NVNH+JN-+ *2P PN2 z2PN-N2 #NJG *F yN(NLGJxKN2 $/JNLNG P*-xK G,,+ =zxK %NVNJ02 z2 PJN,N2 yNJPN2 $/JNLNG2 (N-PN2 yNJPN #NJG,+-zKGN2 z2 PN%xH,NJ+N PN, $+-zKG*2L,+NJGN-, (JNPN- )N-NJ2+ J2+N-MN-JN-N2 P0-+ *2P LNGz2LN2 z*M PN2 [N+NH+0- [JN 0/+J,xKN NLPJdN-N2 yNJPN- J2+N-MN-JN-N2PN- NGNH+-0FzL2N+J,xKN NGGN2 (J-P P*-xK PJN '0,J+J02 PN, yN(NLGJxKN2 $/JNLNG, yN,+JFF+ J-P 2*2 PNyN(NLGJxKN $/JNLNG H02+J2*JN-GJxK )N-,xK0yN2 ,0 N-KG+ Fz2 NJ2 ,0 LN2z22+N, B2 +N-MN-0L-zFF Pz, PJN LN,zF+N $+-zKG*2L,zy,0-/+J02 PN- '-0yN 2zxK NGGN2G2LN *2P B2+N2,J++ zG, E0*-JN-$*FFN N2+KG+ ^*, PJN,NF B2+N-MN-0L-zFF Hz22 FJ+ @N22+2J, PN- $/JNLNGLN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ PJN NGGN2G2LN PN- *-,/-2LGJxKN2 $+-zKG*2L yN-NxK2N+ (N-PN2 [JN,N %NxKN20/N-z+J02 PJN ,0 LN2z22+N E0*-JN-#-z2,M0-Fz+J02 PJN JF Z-LNy2J, Pz, H02)N2+J02NGGN B%$/NH+-*F PN- '-0yN GJNMN-+ J,+ ,NK- z*M(2 PJL >z2 yNPN2HN Pz,, )JNGN NGGN2G2LN2 /0GxK-0Fz+J,xKN, ?JxK+ LGNJxKNJ+JL J2+N-MN-JN-N2 !0-+NJGN PJN,N- >N+K0PN ,J2P zyN- )0- zGGNF PJN K0KN ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ yz,JN-N2P z*M yN,,N-N2 Z2N-LJN)N-KG+2J,,N2 yN,02PN-, JF FJ++GN-N2 *2P MN-2N2 B2 M-z-0+ *2P PJN DN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ , FJ+ PN- NJ2 H0F/GN++N, B%$/NH+-*F N-KzG+N2 (N-PN2 Hz22 [zFJ+ Gz,,N2 ,JxK NJ+GJxKN !0-L2LN )N-M0GLN2 [z-yN- KJ2z*, N- LNyN2 ,JxK >LGJxKHNJ+N2 PN- PJ-NH+N2 !N-MzK-N2,H0//G*2L yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N PN- PJ
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
wt
-NH+N2 @0//G*2L FJ+ PN- Dz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN D\B%@0//G*2L >J+ E#B% $/NH+-0FN+N-2 Hz22 PN- LN,zF+N B2M-z-0+yN-NJxK )0F 2zKN2 B% yN- Pz, FJ++GN-N B% yJ, *F MN-2N2 B% N-Mz,,+ (N-PN2 ZJ2N ,NK- z2,xKz*GJxKN [z-,+NGG*2L *2P Z- HG-*2L PJN,N- #NxK2JH X2PN+ Fz2 yNJ D2GN- *2P ]xH pp
ropr \2wG+J,uKN \2(N2P*2L,FLGJuKHNJ+N2 [JN B%$/NH+-0FN+-JN Hz22 *- .*zGJ+z+J)N2 $*y,+z2z2zG,N zG,0 *- @02,+J+*+J 02,z*MHG-*2L *2P *- $*y,+z2BPN2+JXJN-*2L P*-xK $/NH+-N2)N-LGNJxK *2P Pz -yN- KJ2z*, *- .*z2+J+z+J)N2 ^2zG,N )02 $+0dN2 JF z,,N- NJ2LN,N++ (N-PN2 ^*Myz*N2P z*M PNF z*N-0-PN2+GJxK K0KN2 B2M0-Fz+J02,LNKzG+ NJ2N, B2M-z-0+ ,/NH+-*F, Kz+ PJN .*zGJ+z+J)N $*y,+z2z2zG,N FJ++NG, PN- B2M-z-0+,/NH+-0,H0/JN JF %zKFN2 PN- LN,zF+N2 B2,+-*FN2+NGGN2 ^2zG+JH NJ2N L-0N ]NPN*+*2L N-Gz2L+ CJN- LJy+ N, L-*2P,+GJxK (NJ NLN *F * .*zGJ+z+J)N2 z2zG+J,xKN2 ^*,,zLN2 * H0FFN2 [N- N-,+N NL yN,+NK+ Pz-J2 Pz,, Fz2 PJ-NH+ z*, PNF B%$/NH+-*F z*, PN- ?zLN )02 ^y,0-/+J02,yz2PN2 J2 yN,+JFF+N2 NGGN2G2LN2yN-NJxKN2 z2Kz2P +KN0-N+J,xK zyLNGNJ+N+N- 0PN- NF/J-J,xK N-FJ++NG+N- ]NJNK*2LN2 CJ2(NJ,N z*M Pz, !0-Kz2PN2,NJ2 yN,+JFF+N- $+-*H+*-L-*//N2 0PN- $+-*H+*-NGNFN2+N LN(J22+ [JN,N PJ-NH+N >N+K0PN H0FF+ 0K2N !N-LGNJxK,,*y,+z2N2 z*, ^*, PN- DN,+zG+ PN, $/NH+ -*F, Hz22 K*XL FJ+ L*+N- zK-,xKNJ2GJxKHNJ+ z*M Pz, !0-Kz2PN2,NJ2 0PN- z*M Pz, =JxK+)0-Kz2PN2,NJ2 M*2H+J02NGGN- D-*//N2 (JN CP-0G \z-y02G *2P ^FJ20 L-*//N2 0PN- z2PN-N- $+-*H+*-NGNFN2+N (JN >NK-MzxKyJ2P*2LN2 *2P %J2L)N-yJ2 P*2LN2 LN,xKG0,,N2 (N-PN2 [N- (NJ+N NL *- Z-Gz2L*2L .*zGJ+z+J)N- z2zG+J,xKN- B2M0-Fz+J02N2 2*++ yN Hz22+N B%$/NH+-N2 )02 !N-LGNJxK,,*y,+z2N2 *F $/NH+-N2)N-LGNJxK [JN,N >N+K0 PN yz,JN-+ z*M PN- yN-NJ+, N-(K2+N2 #z+,zxKN Pz,, ^2zKG ?zLN *2P B2+N2,J++ PN- ^y,0-/+J02,yz2PN2 JF B%$/NH+-*F NJ2N- $*y,+z2 z*N-0-PN2+GJxK ,+0d,/N JX,xK *2P ,NK- L*+ -N/-0P*JN-yz- ,J2P C*XL (J-P ,0Lz- PN- ]NL-Jd EJ2LN- zyP-*xH>N+K0PN77 LNy-z*xK+ EJ2LN-/-J2+ $/NJNGG PN- NGGN2G2LN2yN-NJxK (J ,xKN2 N+(z s F *2P F (J-P zG, EJ2LN-/-J2+]N-NJxK yNNJxK2N+ CJN- N-,xKNJ2N2 PJN ^y,0-/+J02,yz2PN2 )02 DN-,+,xK(J2L*2LN2 PN, @0KGN2,+0dLN-,+N, PJN MPz, DN,zF+F0GNHG yN,02PN-, xKz-zH+N-J,+J,xK ,J2P !N-LGNJxK,,/NH+-N2 GJNLN2 KN*+N J2 ,NK- L-0N- zKG )0- >J+KJGMN F0PN-2N- %NxKN2+NxK2JH ZJ2,z+ NGNH+-02J,xKN[z+N2yz2HN2 *,( J,+ N, FLGJxK NJ2 *2yNHz22+N, B%$/NH+-*F FJ+ ,F+GJxKN2 J2 N2+,/-NxKN2PN2 $/NH+-N2yJyGJ0+KNHN2 N-Mz,,+N2 $/NH+-N2 J22N-KzGy )02 (N2JLN2 >J2*+N2 * )N-LGNJxKN2 &*z2+J+z+J)N ^2zG,N2 z*M PN- ]z,J, PN, ?zFyN-+]NN-1,xKN2DN,N+N, ,JNKN 0yN2 ,J2P JFFN- Pz22 FLGJxK (N22 NJ2N ^y,0-/+J02,yz2PN FJ+ z*,-NJxKN2PN- B2+N2,J++ )0-Kz2PN2 J,+ PJN 2JxK+ P*-xK ]NLGNJ+,*y,+z2N2 0PN- ?,*2L,FJ++NG LN,+-+ (J-P 0PN- PN-N2 $+-*2L *FJ2PN,+ H02+-0GGJN-+ (N-PN2 Hz22 >J+ F0PN-2N2 \0F/* +N-/-0L-zFFN2 Gz,,N2 ,JxK z*xK yN-Gz//N2PN ^y,0-/+J02,yz2PN2 J2 LN(J,,N2 D-N2N2 .*z2+J+z+J) z*,(N-+N2 Z, LJG+ 2z+-GJxK z*xK M- PN2 J2M-z-0+N2 ]N-NJxK PN, $/NH+-*F, Pz,, PN- ,/NH+-zGN ^y,0-/+J02,H0NdJJN2+ 2*- yJ, * NJ2NF LN (J,,N2 D-zP )02 PN- @02N2+-z+J02 PN- * yN,+JFFN2PN2 $*y,+z2 *2zyK2LJL J,+ ?J2Nz-J++,yN-NJxK PN, ?zFyN-+]NN-1,xKN2 DN,N+N, [NF*M0GLN F*,, (JN yNJ PN2 z2PN-N2 ,/NH+-0FN+-J,xKN2 >N+K0PN2 z*xK PJN,N- .*z2+J+z+J) 2*+yz-N ]N-NJxK
ws
u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
FJ+KJGMN )02 @zGJy-JN-FN,,*2LN2 yNHz22+N- @02N2+-z+J02N2 N-FJ++NG+ *2P H02+-0G GJN-+ (N-PN2 BF ^GGLNFNJ2N2 GJNL+ PN- @02N2+-z+J02,yN-NJxK J2 PNF .*z2+J+z+J)N B%,/NH+ -0FN+-J,xKN ^2zG,N2 FLGJxK ,J2P JF '-0N2+yN-NJxK yJ, ; B2 ^*,2zK FNMGGN2 ,J2P ]N,+JFF*2LN2 yJ, * NJ2N- @02N2+-z+J02 )02 ; FLGJxK [z, KNJ+ Pz,, PJN B%$/NH+-0FN+-JN J2 PN- %NLNG 2JxK+ M- $/*-N2z2zG,N2 LNNJL2N+ J,+ "F(NG+z2zG+JH *2P ,/NJNGG z*xK PJN z,,N-z2zG+JH M0-PN-2 INP0xK Pz, !0-P-J2 LN2 J2 PJN,N2 $/*-N2yN-NJxK E- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L 0-Lz2J,xKN- @0F/02N2+N2 JF z,,N- (N-PN2 PzKN- ^2-NJxKN-*2L,,xK-J++N z2LN(z2P+ *F J2 PN2 FLG]N-NJxK * LNGz2LN2 FNJ,+ P*-xK Z+-zH+J02 FJ+ LNNJL2N+N2 ?,*2L,FJ++NG2 ^G, ]NJ,/JNG ,NJ PJN ]N,+JFF*2L )02 @0KGN2(z,,N-,+0dN2 2zxK [B= vqup #NJG q z2LNMK-+ yNJ PN- PJN @0KGN2(z,,N-,+0dN FJ++NG, w#-JxKG0-+-JV*0-N+Kz2 E-N02 z*, PNF z, ,N- zyLN+-N22+ N+-zKJN-+ (N-PN2 [*-xK NJ2 /0Gz-N, ^P,0-/+J02,FJ++NG (N-PN2 N+-zKJN-+N =JxK+@0KGN2(z,,N-,+0dN PJN zG, !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 JF Z+-zH+ PJN ^2z G,N ,+-N2 N2+MN-2+ *- .*z2+J+z+J)N2 ]N,+JFF*2L (N-PN2 v xKz-zH+N-J,+J,xKN ^y ,0-/+J02,yz2PN2 KN-z2LN0LN2o PJN \CvD-*//N vvq F PJN \CwD-*//N vuw F *2P PJN \CD-*//N PN- %J2L)N-yJ2P*2LN2 vv F >J+ PJN,N- >N+K0PN H22N2 ] J++NGPN,+JGGz+N (JN CNJG *2P $xKFJN-G )0-(JNLN2P \CwD-*//N2 ,0(JN '-0P*H+N FJ+ K0KNF ^-0Fz+N2LNKzG+ (JN #NN-GN K0KN- \CD-*//N2^2+NJG N-Mz,,+ (N-PN2 NJ+N-N (JxK+JLN ZJ2,z+LNyJN+N PN- B%$/NH+-0FN+-JN J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH ,J2P PJN ]N,+JFF*2L z2J02J,xKN- Hz+J02J,xKN- *2P 2JxK+J02J,xKN- #N2,JPN ,0(JN PJN \Kz -zH+N-J,JN-*2L )02 C*FJ2,+0dN2
roo Dw,uK-0Fw+0L-w/KJN roo '-J2J/ *2P YNMJ2J+J02 PN- >N+K0PN [N- ]NL-Jd \K-0Fz+0L-z/KJN (*-PN )0F -*,,J,xKN2 ]0+z2JHN- > #,(N++ JF AzK-N pv NJ2LNMK-+ Z- G,,+ ,JxK (-+GJxK zG, Ez-y,xK-NJy*2L77 yN-,N+N2 L-JNxKJ,xK xK-0Fz M- Ez-yN L-z/KNJ2 M- $xK-NJy*2L *2P LNK+ z*M NJ2 ,/NJNGGN, ]NJ,/JNG *-xHo PJN #-N22*2L PN, ]Gz++L-2, J2 NJ2NG2N Ez-yH0F/02N2+N2 "2+N- PNF ]NL-Jd \K-0Fz+0L-z/KJN ,J2P #-N22)N-MzK-N2 * )N-,+NKN2 PJN z*M *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN- !N-+NJG*2L PN- '-0yN2H0F/02N2+N2 (J,xKN2 (NJ 2JxK+ FJ,xKyz -N2 'Kz,N2 yz,JN-N2 !02 PJN,N2 J,+ NJ2N MN,+ z2LN0-P2N+ ,+z+J02-N 'Kz,N (K-N2P PJN z2PN-N J2 NJ2N- !0-*L,-JxK+*2L P*-xK PJN ,+z+J02-N 'Kz,N yN(NL+ (J-P F0yJGN 'Kz,N *2P zGGNJ2 PN2 >z,,N2+-z2,/0-+ PN- '-0yN2H0F/02N2+N2 )N-FJ++NG+ ^GGLN FNJ2 J,+ Pz, 'Kz,N2)N-KG+2J, z2 INPN- $+NGGN J2 PN- !0-*L,-JxK+*2L H02,+z2+ [JN C0F0LN2J++ PN- ,+z+J02-N2 'Kz,N P K PJN @02,+z2 PN- ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 yN- JK-N2 LN,zF+N2 &*N-,xK2J++ J,+ NJ2 z2LN,+-Ny+N- INP0xK J2 PN- '-zJ, Hz*F * N--NJxKN2PNBPNzGMzGG J-P J2 NJ2 ,0GxKN, $,+NF *F NJ+/*2H+ + f NJ2 $*y,+z2LNFJ,xK PN,,N2 @0F/02N2+N2 zGGN J2 yNJPN2 'Kz,N2-*FN2 NJ,+N2+ ,J2P NJ2LNMK-+ ,0 +NJG+ ,JxK INPN PN- @0F/02N2+N2 JK-N2 ,/NJX,xKN2 ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 LNF J2 NJ2NF P2zFJ ,xKN2 '-0N,, z*M !0G*FN2NGNFN2+N PN- yNJPN2 'Kz,N2-*FN z*M BFFN- Pz22 (N22 ,JxK >0GNHGN PN- @0F/02N2+N2 J2 PN- F0yJGN2 'Kz,N z*MKzG+N2 (N-PN2 ,JN )02
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
wr
PJN,N- yN- NJ2 2N*N, !0G*FN2NGNFN2+ PN- ,+z+J02-N2 'Kz,N LNMK-+ FJ+ PN- ,JN (JNPN-*F J2 NxK,NG(J-H*2L +-N+N2 [*-xK NJ2N !JNGzKG ,0GxKN- z*MNJ2z2PN- M0G LN2PN- $xK-J++N (N-PN2 PJN @0F/02N2+N2 PN, z*MLNLNyN2N2 DNFJ,xKN, yNJ z*,-NJ xKN2P *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 -*FGJxK )02NJ2z2PN- LN+-N22+ *2P +-N+N2 ,0FJ+ NJ+GJxK 2zxKNJ2z2PN- FJ+ PN- F0yJGN2 'Kz,N z*, (0 ,JN PN+NH+JN-+ (N-PN2 H22N2 B2 PN- Dz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN (N-PN2 PJN * z2zG,JN-N2PN2 !N-yJ2P*2LN2 )N- PzF/M+ *2P FJ+KJGMN NJ2N, Dz,N, zG, F0yJGN 'Kz,N P*-xK NJ2N #-N22,*GN +-z2,/0- +JN-+ [JN F0yJGN 'Kz,N (J-P zGGNJ2 zG, #-LN-Lz, LN2*++ ,0 Pz,, NxK,NG(J-H*2LN2 PN- F0yJGN2 'Kz,N FJ+ PN2 ^2zG+N2 HNJ2N %0GGN ,/JNGN2 "2+N-,xKJNPGJxK ,+z-HN NxK,NG(J-H*2LN2 PN- * +-N22N2PN2 $*y,+z2N2 FJ+ PN,+z+J02-N2 'Kz,N yNPJ2LN2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN z2PN-*2L,LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+N2 PN- '-0 yN2H0F/02N2+N2 PJN *- xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN2 #-N22*2L MK-N2 [JN z*MLN+-N22+N2 $+0dN LNGz2LN2 FJ+ PNF #-LN-Lz, 2zxKNJ2z2PN- 2zxK *2+N- ,xKJNPGJxKN- %N+N2+J02,NJ+ P K [z*N- PN, %xHKzG+, J2 PN- $*GN J2 NJ2N2 [N +NH+0- *2P (N-PN2 P0-+ zG, Dz*H*-)N2 'NzH, -NLJ,+-JN-+ *2P zG, ,0 LN2z22+N, \K-0Fz+0L-zFF P*-xK NJ2N2 $xK-NJyN- B2+NL-z+0- 0PN- NJ2 [z+N2)N-z-yNJ+*2L, ,,+NF z*MLNNJxK2N+ ^yy uq Substanz 1 Substanz 2
Substanz 3
Retentionszeit Substanz 1
Substanz 4 Peakhöhe
Peak Peakfläche
Start (Probenaufgabe)
^yy uq
]NJ,/JNG NJ2N, \K-0Fz+0L-zFF,
[JN 'NzH, GJNMN-2 .*zGJ+z+J)N *2P .*z2+J+z+J)N B2M0-Fz+J02N2 yN- PJN J2 PN- z, ,N-/-0yN N2+KzG+N2N2 $*y,+z2N2 ZJ2N .*zGJ+z+J)N B2M0-Fz+J02 J,+ PJN !N-(NJGNJ+ NJ2N- $*y,+z2 J2 PN- #-N22,*GN PJN ,0 LN2z22+N %N+N2+J02,NJ+ $JN J,+ PNX2JN-+ zG, PJN NJ+ PJN )0F ZJ2,/-J+N2 PN'-0yN yJ, *F Z-,xKNJ2N2 PN, 'NzHFzJF*F, )N-,+-NJxK+ [JN %N+N2+J02,NJ+ NJ2N@0F/02N2+N J,+ yNJ LGNJxKN2 xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 ,+N+, H02,+z2+ [JN ,+0dGJxKN BPN2+JXJN-*2L NJ2N, 'NzH, Hz22 PN,KzGy P*-xK !N-LGNJxK PN- %N+N2+J02, NJ+N2 PN- '-0yN2H0F/02N2+N2 FJ+ PN2 %N+N2+J02,NJ+N2 )02 $+z2Pz-P, %NMN-N2 0PN- %NJ2,*y,+z2N2 N-M0GLN2 *- LN2z*N2 BPN2+JXJN-*2L NJ2N, $+0dN, (N-PN2 @0//G*2LN2 PN- Lz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN2 #-N22*2L FJ+ Fz,,N2,/NH+-0FN+-J,xKN2 [N+NH+0-N2 -NzGJ,JN-+
wq
u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
[JN EGxKN *2P CKN NJ2N, $*y,+z2/NzH, JF \K-0Fz+0L-zFF ,J2P .*z2+J+z+J)N B2M0-Fz+J02N2 $JN ,J2P PN- $*y,+z2H02N2+-z+J02 J2 PN- ^2zG,N2/-0yN /-0/0- +J02zG "2yNHz22+N $*y,+z2FN2LN2 J2 PN- ^2zG,N2/-0yN H22N2 P*-xK !N-LGNJxK PN- 'NzHVxKN2 KKN2 FJ+ yNHz22+N2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 yN,+JFF+ (N-PN2 ]NJ PN- &*z2+JXJN-*2L NJ2N- $*y,+z2 yN- PJN 'NzHKKN F*,, Lz-z2+JN-+ (N-PN2 Pz,, HNJ2N !N-2PN-*2LN2 PN- 'NzHM0-F J2M0GLN )02 ,JxK 2PN-2PN2 xK-0Fz+0L-z /KJ,xKN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 z*M+-N+N2 [JN 'NzHKKN (-PN ,02,+ PN- $*y,+z2H02N2+ -z+J02 2JxK+ FNK- PJ-NH+ /-0/0-+J02zG ,NJ2 [JN Dz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN (J-P J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH yN)0-*L+ M- PJN ]N,+JF F*2L +KN-FJ,xK ,+zyJGN- *2P *2N-,N++ )N-PzF/Myz-N- $+0dN NJ2LN,N++ Pz (JN ,xK02 N-(K2+ yNJ PN- Lz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN2 #-N22*2L PJN * z2zG,JN-N2PN '-0 yN Lz,M-FJL J2 PN- #-N22,*GN )0-GJNLN2 F*,, [*-xK xKNFJ,xKN "F,N+*2L [N-J )z+J,JN-*2L H22N2 INP0xK z*xK 2JxK+VxK+JLN 0PN- +KN-FJ,xK GzyJGN !N-yJ2P*2LN2 J2 ,+zyJGN VxK+JLN [N-J)z+N yN-MK-+ *2P Lz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xK z2zG,JN-+ (N- PN2
root \*Mvw* NJ2N, Dw,uK-0Fw+0L-w/KN2 ZJ2 Dz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/K ,N++ ,JxK JF N,N2+GJxKN2 z*, M0GLN2PN2 ]N,+z2P+NJGN2 * ,zFFN2 ,JNKN ^yy upo
#-LN-Lz,)N-,0-L*2Ln '-0yN2z*MLzyN,,+NF B2INH+0-n #-N22,*GN NJ2LNyz*+ J2 NJ2N2 $*GN20MN2n [N+NH+0-n %NLJ,+-JN- *2P ^*,(N-+NNJ2KNJ+ FJ+ [z+N2,/NJxKN-*2L
[JN ^-+ PN, #-LN-Lz,N, zG, F0yJGN 'Kz,N ,0(JN ,NJ2N $+-F*2L,LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ P*-xK PJN #-N22,*GN J,+ M- PJN Lz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN #-N22*2L )02 L-0N- ]N PN*+*2L [z, #-LN-Lz, (J-P z*, NJ2N- [-*xHLz,Vz,xKN FJ+ NJ2NF K0KN2 [-*xH N2+20FFN2 *2P FJ++NG, [-*xHFJ2PN-N- z*M PN2 2JNP-JLN-N2 ^-yNJ+,P-*xH PN, Dz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KN2 -NP*JN-+ ^G, #-LN-Lz, H0FFN2 $+JxH,+0d CNGJ*F *2P z, Gasversorgung
Probenaufgabe
Säulenofen
Auswerteeinheit Schreiber
Injektor
Detektor Trennsäule Computer bei oraler Aufnahme: Ermittlung relevanter Lösbarkeiten
der
Schadstoffe aus dem
^yy up
$xKNFz+J,xKN- ^*Myz* NJ2N, Dz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KN2
Drucker
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
wp
,N-,+0d *F ZJ2,z+ [JN $+-F*2L,LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ F*,, NzH+ NJ2,+NGGyz- ,NJ2 *F -N/-0P*JN-yz-N %N+N2+J02,NJ+N2 * N-KzG+N2 Z, (J-P *FNJ,+ J,0yz- 0PNP-*xH/-0L-zFFJN-+ yNJ 2N*N-N2 DN-+N2 LNz-yNJ+N+ [z, '-0yN2z*MLzyN,,+NF 0PN- PN- B2INH+0- Kz+ PJN E*2H+J02 PJN V,,JLN 0PNLz,M-FJLN '-0yN J2 PN2 #-LN-Lz,,+-0F NJ2*,xKGN*,N2 [JN '-0yN ,0GG+N FLGJxK,+ 0K2N !N-2PN-*2L PN- .*z2+J+z+J)N2 *,zFFN2,N+*2L J2 PJN #-N22,*GN LNGz2LN2 ZJ2N H0--NH+N '-0yN2z*MLzyN J,+ !0-z*,,N+*2L M- Pz, DNGJ2LN2 NJ2N- Lz,xK-0Fz +0L-z/KJ,xKN2 ^2zG,N "2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN z2zG+J,xKN ^*MLzyN2,+NGG*2LN2 z*M PNF DNyJN+ PN- Lz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN2 $/*-N2z2zG+JH )02 z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN2 )N- Gz2LN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N '-0yN2z*MLzyN+NxK2JHN2 (JN $/GJ+$/GJ+G0, z * -NP*JN-N2 B2 PN- Dz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN *2+N-,xKNJPN+ Fz2 (J,xKN2 LN/zxH+N2 #-N22,*GN2 *2P @z/JGGz-,*GN2 [JN ]NNJxK2*2L $*GN M- NJ2N Lz,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN #-N22 ,+-NxHN J,+ KJ,+0-J,xK yNPJ2L+ $JN ,+zFF+ z*, PN- M-KN2 NJ+ PN- EG,,JLHNJ+,xK-0 Fz+0L-z/KJN F0yJGN 'Kz,N J,+ NJ2N EG,,JLHNJ+ zG, H-2JLN ^P,0-yN2+JN2 zG, ,+z +J02-N 'Kz,N J2 H*-N *2P PJxHN %K-N2 LN,+0/M+ (*-PN2 PJN P*-xKz*, K2GJxKHNJ+ FJ+ ,+FFJLN2 $*GN2 Kz++N2 DN/zxH+N $*GN2 ,J2P *M-FJL 0PN- (N2PNGM-FJL LNy0LN2N %0K-N z*, DGz, 0PN$+zKG FJ+ B22N2P*-xKFN,,N-2 )02 w yJ, t FF *2P FJ+ ?2LN2 )02 yJ, t F PJN FJ+ PNF ,0 LN2z22+N2 $*GN2MGGFz+N-JzG PJxK+ LNMGG+ LN/zxH+ ,J2P $JN ,J2P KN*+N J2 PN2 ?zy0-, P*-xK @z/JGGz-,*GN2 )N-P-2L+ (0-PN2 (NJG PJN,N NJ2N (N,N2+GJxK KKN-N #-N22GNJ,+*2L zG, LN/zxH+N $*GN2 yN,J+N2 [JN 'NzH, (N-PN2 PzP*-xK N2LN*2P KKN- (z, yNJ PN- $/*-N2z2zG+JH )02 z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN2 )02 !0-+NJG J,+ [z, @z/JGGz--0K- Hz22 z*, >N+zGG 0PN- DGz, ,NJ2 yN)0-*L+ (N-PN2 KN*+N zyNMz,+ z*,,xKGJNGJxK P22(z2PJLN E*,NP$JGJxz@z/JGGz-N2 z*, LN,xKF0GN2NF zF0- /KNF $Jz,,N2,/NH+-N2 M- INPN2 NJ2 NG2N2 'NzH PN, \K-0Fz+0L-zFF, NJ2PN*+JL JPN2+JXJN-+ (N-PN2 [zyNJ J,+ NJ2 z*+0 Fz+J,xKN- $/NH+-N2)N-LGNJxK FJ+ %NMN-N2,/NH+-N2 z*, NJ2N- $/NH+-N2yJyGJ0+KNH NGNH+-02J,xKN [z+N2yz2H FJ+ $+z2Pz-P,/NH+-N2 )02 L-0NF =*+N2
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
w
[JN (JxK+JL,+N2 DN,JxK+,/*2H+N PJN M- PN2 ZJ2,z+ NJ2N, >z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+N-, zG, D\[N+NH+0- D\>$@0//G*2L ,/-NxKN2 ,J2Po
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Injektor
Injektionsspritze Vorsäule
Pumpe Mischkammer
Registrierund Auswertesystem be i or al er Au fn ah me : Er mi tt lu ng relevanter Lösbarkeite n der Schadstoffe aus dem Boden (Substrat) z.B. mi tk ün st li ch em Ma ge ns af tr el ev an te Lösbarkeitsanteile = maximale Sc ha ds to ff -Ve rf üg ba rk ei t ma xi ma le
Drucker
Trennsäule zwei verschiedene Elutionsmittel (Gradiententechnik)
Computer
Detektor
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~yN- Pz, '-0yN2z*MLzyN,,+NF B2INH+0- (J-P PJN '-0yN J2 PJN VJNN2PN F0yJGN 'Kz,N PJ-NH+ )0- PN- #-N22,*GN P0,JN-+ [JN '-0yN2z*MLzyN J,+ NJ2 ,/NJNGGN, '-0yGNF J2 PN- C'?\ Pz NJ2N-,NJ+, Pz, $,+NF *2+N- K0KNF [-*xH ,+NK+ PN- (K-N2P PNB2INH+J02 2JxK+ zyMzGGN2 Pz-M *2P z2PN-N-,NJ+, yNJ !N-(N2P*2L NJ2N, $N/+*F, $xKNJ PN(z2P PJN F0yJGN 'Kz,N Pz, $N/+*FFz+N-JzG xKNFJ,xK z2L-NJMN2 H22+N >z2 )N-(N2PN+ PzKN- *- '-0yN2z*MLzyN NJ2 ,N/+*FM-NJN, B2INH+J02,,,+NF J2 E0-F NJ2N,0 LN2z22+N2 [0,JN-,xKGNJMN [JN '-0yNG,*2L (J-P FJ+ NJ2N- >JH-0GJ+N-,/-J+N yNNJ2N2 =zPNGNJ2Gz,, yNJ =0-FzGP-*xH J2 PJN $xKGNJMN NJ2N, $NxK,(NLN)N2+JG, NJ2LN y-zxK+ [JN [0,JN-,xKGNJMN yN,J++ NJ2 PNX2JN-+N, !0G*FN2 FJ+ NJ2N- -N/-0P*JN-yz-N2 DN2z*JLHNJ+ PJN NJ2 NzH+N, ^yFN,,N2 PN, B2INH+J02,)0G*FN2, FJ+ PN- $/-J+N yN- V,,JL FzxK+ N, ,NJ PN22 N, ,0GG NJ2 HGNJ2N-N, '-0yN2)0G*FN2 zG, P*-xK Pz, $xKGNJ MN2)0G*FN2 )0-LNLNyN2 J2IJJN-+ (N-PN2 [*-xK "F,xKzG+N2 PN, !N2+JG, (J-P PNZG*N2+N2,+-0F P*-xK PJN FJ+ '-0yN LNMGG+N [0,JN-,xKGNJMN KJ2P*-xK LNGNJ+N+ *2P ,0 PJN '-0yN z*M PJN #-N22,*GN LN,/G+ E- NJ2N K0KN '-J,J02 yNJ PN- B2INH+J02 (N-PN2 z*+0Fz+J,xK z-yNJ+N2PN '-0 yN2z*MLzyN,,+NFN yN)0-*L+ NJ2LN,N++ PJN NyN2MzGG, z*M PN- ]z,J, )02 [0,JN- ,xKGNJMN2 z-yNJ+N2 >JH-0/-0N,,0-LN,+N*N-+N '-0yN2z*+0Fz+N2 ^*+0,zF/GN- H2 2N2 ,0(0KG PN2 ]NPz-M 2zxK NJ2NF K0KN2 [*-xK,z+ z2 '-0yN2z2zG,N2 zyPNxHN2 zG, z*xK J2 NJ2NF [*-xKGz*M )N-LGNJxKN2PN "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 FJ+ *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 D-zPJN2+N2/-0L-zFFN2 N-FLGJxKN2 '-0yN2z*+0Fz+N2 H22N2 yJ, * ps '-0yN2 z*+0Fz+J,xK *2+N-+NJG+ J2 $N-JN2 2zxK )N-,xKJNPN2N2 >N+K0PN2 zyz-yNJ+N2 [JN #-N22*2L J2 PN- C'?\ yN-*K+ PNF '-J2J/ 2zxK (JN yNJ PN- D\ Pz-z*M Pz,, PJN * +-N22N2PN2 @0F/02N2+N2 NJ2N- '-0yN ,JxK J2 NJ2NF %0K-77 $*GN LNMGG+ FJ+ NJ2NF LNNJL2N+N2 'zxH*2L,Fz+N-JzG ,+z+J02-N 'Kz,N *2+N-,xKJNPGJxK Gz2LN z*MKzG+N2 [N- $*GN2Fz2+NG yN,+NK+ Mz,+ JFFN- z*, ZPNG,+zKG Z, LJy+ zyNz*xK $*GN2 z*, PJxH(z2PJLNF [*-z2 0PN- '-NLGz, [JN #-N22,*GN2 (N-PN2 J2 @z-+*,xKN2M0-F J2 Pz, C'?\$,+NF NJ2LNyz*+ #/J,xKN #-N22,*GN2 ,J2P t yJ, v xF Gz2L FJ+ NJ2NF B22N2P*-xKFN,,N- B[ )02 w yJ, t FF Z, H0FFN2 z*xK yN-NJ+, FJ2JFJN-+N $*GN2 ,0 LN2z22+N >Jx-0y0-N$*GN2 FJ+ B22N2P*-xKFN,,N-2 )02 yJ, s FF *2P ,0Lz- @z/JGGz-,*GN2 B[ v F yJ, w F *F ZJ2,z+ PJN zGGN-PJ2L, ,/NJNGGN '*F/N2 *2P ,/NJNGGN [N+NH+0-N2 FJ+ ,NK- HGNJ2NF NGG)0G*FN2 yN2+JLN2 [JN ^-+ PN, 'zxH*2L,Fz+N-JzG, P K PN- ,+z+J02-N2 'Kz,N yN,+JFF+ PN2 #-N22 FNxKz2J,F*, J2 PN- C'?\ B2,LN,zF+ ,+NKN2 M0GLN2PN #-N22FNxKz2J,FN2 *- !N- ML*2Lo ^P,0-/+J02, ^dJ2J++, ^*,,xKG*,, B02N2z*,+z*,xK ,0(JN !N-+NJG*2L, \K-0Fz+0L-z/KJN [JN ,+z+J02-N2 'Kz,N2 *2P PzFJ+ PJN #-N22,*GN2 Gz,,N2 ,JxK PN,KzGy Pz2zxK HGz,,JXJN-N2 (NGxKN2 #-N22FNxKz2J,F*, ,JN -N/-,N2+JN-N2 [JN !N-+NJG*2L,C'?\ zG, J2,LN,zF+ K*XL,+N C'?\E0-F (J-P (NJ+N- *2+N-+NJG+ J2 PJN =0-FzG/Kz,N2 *2P "FHNK-/Kz,N2C'?\ >z2 ,/-JxK+ )02 =0-FzG/Kz,N2 C'?\ (N22 NJ2N /0Gz-N ,+z+J02-N 'Kz,N *2P NJ2N *2/0Gz-N F0yJGN 'Kz,N )N-(N2PN+ (J-P BF DNLN2,z+ Pz* 2N22+ Fz2 PJN *FLNHNK-+N ^20-P2*2L PN- 'Kz,N2 (N22 FJ+ NJ2N- *2/0Gz-N2 ,+z+J02-N2 'Kz,N ] @0KGN2(z,,N-,+0dN *2P NJ2N- /0Gz-N2 F0yJGN2 'Kz,N ] z,,N- >N+Kz20G xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN-+ (J-P "FHNK-/Kz,N2 C'?\ [JN "FHNK-/Kz,N2xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN J,+ PJN zF FNJ,+N2 NJ2LN,N++N #-N22FN+K0PN J2 PN- C'?\ [JN #-N22,*GN N2+KG+ M- PJN,N ^2(N2P*2L zG, $*GN2MGGFz+N-JzG ,+z+J02-N 'Kz,N ,0 LN2z22+N "FHNK-/Kz,N2 N2LG -N)N-,NP /Kz,N %' "FHNK-
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
wt
/Kz,N2 yN,+NKN2 z*, /0-,NF @JN,NGLNG z2 PN,,N2 N,,*2L 02GJ2N FJ+ PN2 [z+N2 NJ2N- $/NH+ -N2yJyGJ0+KNH )N-LGJxKN2 (N-PN2 >J+KJGMN PN, \0F/*+N-, Gz,,N2 ,JxK z*xK GNJxK+ [N-J)z+J),/NH+-N2 N-,+N *2P KKN-N ^yGNJ+*2LN2 yN-NxK2N2 (0P*-xK ,/NH+-zGN [N +zJG, yN,,N- ,JxK+yz- (N-PN2 >J+ CJGMN PN- ,0 LN2z22+N2 ,/NH+-zGN2 "2+N-P-xH*2L P K P*-xK ^*,(zKG NJ2NLNNJL2N+N2 NGGN2G2LN yNJ PN- 2*- ,0GxKN $*y,+z2N2 zy,0-yJN-N2 PJN M- PJN IN (NJGJLN z2zG+J,xKN E-zLN,+NGG*2L -NGN)z2+ ,J2P J,+ N, FLGJxK *2N-(2,xK+N 'NzH, z*, PNF \K-0Fz+0L-zFF z*,*yGN2PN2 [JN [N+NH+J02,(NGGN2G2LN G,,+ ,JxK (K -N2P PN- ^*MNJxK2*2L NJ2N, \K-0Fz+0L-zFF, 2PN-2 [N- ]-NxK*2L,J2PN[N+NH+0- -NLJ,+-JN-+ zGGN $*y,+z2N2 PJN NJ2N2 z2PN-N2 ]-N xK*2L,J2PN yN,J+N2 zG, PJN -NJ2N F0yJGN 'Kz,N [z, $JL2zG J,+ *F,0 L-N- IN ,+-HN- ,JxK PJN ]-NxK*2L,J2PJN, )02 F0yJGN- 'Kz,N *2P PN2 IN(NJGJLN2 LN+-N22+N2 '-0yN2,*y,+z2N2 *2+N-,xKNJPN2 [JN ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ J,+ zGGN-PJ2L, LNLN2yN- PN2 "!!B$[N+NH+0-N2 N+(z *F PN2 EzH+0- 2JNP-JLN- B2 PN- 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $/* -N2z2zG+JH )02 z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN2 ,/JNG+ PN- ]-NxK*2L,J2PN[N+NH+0- PN,KzGy HNJ2N %0GGN !0F EG*0-N,N2[N+NH+0- (N-PN2 $+0dN PJN V*0-N,JN-N2 0PN- )02 PN2N2 P*-xK xKNFJ,xKN "F,N+*2L V*0-N,JN-N2PN [N-J)z+N KN-LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2 H22N2 FJ+ K0 KN- ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ N-Mz,,+ [JN NGGN (J-P FJ+ ?JxK+ LNNJL2N+N- NGGN2G2LN yN,+-zKG+ *2P Pz, P*-xK PJN EG*0-N,N2 NFJ++JN-+N G2LN-(NGGJLN ?JxK+ (J-P ,N2H-NxK+ *ZJ2,+-zKG*2L z*MLNMz2LN2 [JN ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ Hz22 FzG KKN- ,NJ2 zG, yNJ NJ2NF "!!B$[N+NH+0- [N- EG*0-N,N2[N+NH+0- NJL2N+ ,JxK z*,LNNJxK2N+ *]N,+JFF*2L /0GHGJ,xKN- z-0Fz+J,xKN- @0KGN2(z,,N-,+0dN '^@ J2 ,,N-2 [N- NGNH+-0xKNFJ,xKN [N+NH+0- NJL+ !N-yJ2P*2LN2 z2 PJN GNJxK+ $ N--NJxK+ [JN ^2H0//G*2L NJ2N, >z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+N-, zG, [N +NH+0- yJN+N+ NJ2N ,NK- L-0N CJGMN yNJ PN- PJ-NH+N2 BPN2+JXJN-*2L *2yNHz22+N- 'NzH, JF \K-0Fz+0L-zFF =NyN2 PNF \K-0Fz+0L-zFF Hz22 LGNJxKNJ+JL Pz, >z,,N2,/NH+-*F NJ2N, 'NzH, z*MLN20FFN2 (N-PN2 ~yN- $/NH+-*F,)N-LGNJxK P*-xK Pz, $0M+(z-N,,+NF FJ+ %N MN-N2,/NH+-N2 NJ2N- $/NH+-N2yJyGJ0+KNH G,,+ ,JxK NJ2N ,JxKN-N BPN2+JXJN-*2L PN$*y,+z2 P*-xKMK-N2 $NJ+ >J++N PN- pN- AzK-N (*-PN PJN -0*+J2NFJLN ^2(N2 P*2L PN- C'?\>$ N2+,xKNJPN2P P*-xK PJN Z2+(JxHG*2L )02 -0y*,+N2 B02J,JN-*2L, .*NGGN2 *2+N- ^+F0,/K-N2P-*xH (JN ^'\B ^+F0,/KN-Jx '-N,,*-N \KNFJxzG B02J z+J02 B2+N-MzxN *2P Z$B ZGNx+-0,/-z B2+N-MzxN )N-yN,,N-+ [N- !0-+NJG PN- C'?\ >$ LNLN2yN- PN2 K*XL NJ2LN,N++N2 "![N+NH+0-N2 GJNL+ J2 PN- KKN-N2 $NGNH +J)J++ P*-xK PN2 LNJNG+N2 =zxK(NJ, PN- LNyJGPN+N2 B02N2 *2P0PN- PN-N2 +/J,xKNE-zLFN2+N [zFJ+ N-KK+ ,JxK J2 PN- %NLNG z*xK PJN =zxK(NJ,NF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ [z-yN- KJ2z*, LJy+ PJN C'?\>$ P*-xK PJN ,xK02N2PN2 B02J,JN-*2L,+NxK2JHN2 ^'\B *2P Z$B B2M0-Fz+J02N2 yN- Pz, >0GNH*Gz-LN(JxK+ ]NJ ZJ2,z+ PN- C'?\>$ H22N2 z*M(N2PJLN [N-J)z+J,JN-*2L,,xK-J++N NJ2LN,/z-+ (N-PN2 PJN *F #NJG M- D\ >$>N+K0PN2 N-M0-PN-GJxK ,J2P Z, Gz,,N2 ,JxK z*xK /0Gz-N *2P +KN-F0GzyJGN $*y ,+z2N2 z2zG,JN-N2 PJN K*XL *2+N- PN2 'Vz2N2yNKz2PG*2L, *2P $xKPGJ2L,yN HF/M*2L,FJ++NG2 ']$> PN- 2N*N2 DN2N-z+J02 * X2PN2 ,J2P ?z2LN!N2+HN- wt [*-xK PJN ^2(N2P*2L PN- #z2PNF>$ zG, *,+GJxKN- #-N22PJFN2,J02 H022 +N2 '-0yN2)0-yN-NJ+*2L *2P xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN #-N22*2L yNJ PN- &*z2+JXJN-*2L J2 H0F/GNN- >z+-J ,+z-H )N-NJ2MzxK+ *2P )N-H-+ (N-PN2 E- zGGLNFNJ2N D-*2PGz LN2 PN- C'?\>$ ,NJ z*M >x>z,+N- wt *2P #-zGPJ N+ zG ws )N-(JN,N2 B2 *H*2M+ (N-PN2 z*xK (NJ+N-KJ2 J2 )N-,+-H+N2 "FMz2L C'?\!N-MzK-N2 MPJN ]N,+JFF*2L )02 z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN2 *F ZJ2,z+ H0FFN2 PJN FJ+ PN- D\ 2JxK+ 0PN- N-,+ 2zxK NJ+z*M(N2PJLN2 [N-J)z+J,JN-*2LN2 yN,+JFFyz- ,J2P NJ+N-MK-N2PN C'?\?J+N-z+*- X2PN+ ,JxK yNJ >NN- pppn Z2LNGKz-P+ pqsn "2LN- pqpn D0++(zGP ppv *2P yNJ @-0FJPz, wt
rom B02N2uK-0Fw+0L-w/KJN [JN F0PN-2N B02N2xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN Kz+ NJ2N2 ,0GxKN2 $+NGGN2(N-+ M- PJN ]N,+JF F*2L )02 ^2J02N2 *2P @z+J02N2 J2 ,,N-2 N--NJxK+ Pz,, JK- NJ2 NJLN2N- ^y,xK2J++ LN(JPFN+ (J-P $JN Kz+ ,JxK *2+N- !N-(N2P*2L )02 C'?\>0P*GN2 * NJ2N- NJLN2 ,+2PJLN2 ^2zG,N2+NxK2JH N2+(JxHNG+ *2P (*-PN N-,+FzG, prt )02 $FzGG $+N)N2, *2P ]z*Fz22 )0-LN,+NGG+ [JN @0FyJ2z+J02 )02 B02N2z*,+z*,xKN-,*GN2 *2P ?NJ+ MKJLHNJ+,PN+NH+J02 M- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L )02 ^2J02N2 *2P @z+J02N2 X2PN+ )N-y-NJ+N+ ^2(N2P*2L B02N2z*,+z*,xK\K-0Fz+0L-z/KJN CJN- *2+N-,xKNJPN+ Fz2 (NJ #NxK2JHN2o FJ+ *2P 0K2N xKNFJ,xKN $*//-N,,J02 NJ+N-KJ2 ,J2P PJN B02N2z*, ,xKG*,, *2P B02N2/zz-\K-0Fz+0L-z/KJN * 2N22N2 AN2,N2 ppq z*M PJN KJNINP0xK 2JxK+ (NJ+N- NJ2LNLz2LN2 (J-P ^2(N2P*2L,yNJ,/JNGN ,J2P yNJ AN2,N2 ppq yNJ >z-xKN++0 N+ zG ppt yNJ $xKMN- N+ zG pps *2P yNJ NJ pp * X2PN2 ZJ2 B02N2xK-0Fz+0L-z/K yN,+NK+ z*, M0GLN2PN2 ]N,+z2P+NJGN2o ZG*N2+N2!0--z+,yNKG+N-n
ur B2,+-*FN2+NGGN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH
wp
NJ2 0PN- FNK-N-N '*F/N2 *- E-PN-*2L PN, ZG*N2+N2 P*-xK Pz, $,+NFn '-0yN2z*MLzyN B2INH+0-n !0- *2P #-N22,*GN FJ+ 0PN- 0K2N $*//-N,,0-n [N+NH+0-n %NLJ,+-JN- *2P ^*,(N-+N,,+NF B2+NL-z+0- '\
[z, Z-LNy2J, J,+ NJ2 ]JGP (JN N, z*xK z*, z2PN-N2 \K-0Fz+0L-z/KJN#NxK2JHN2 KNyNHz22+ J,+ [JN #-N22*2L PN- B02N2 FJ+ CJGMN )02 B02N2z*,+z*,xKN-,*GN2 N-M0GL+ L-*2P,+GJxK 2zxK D-N *2P 2zxK ?zP*2L PN- B02N2 $0 N-LJy+ ,JxK ] M- PJN ZG*+J02 PN- ^2J02N2 M0GLN2PN %NJKN2M0GLNo EG*0-JP \KG0-JP =J+-J+ ]-0FJP =J+-z+ 'K0,/Kz+ $*GMz+ NGxKN- ZG*N2+ )N-(N2PN+ (J-P K2L+ )02 PN- !N-(N2P*2L PN- $*GN *2P #NxK2JH FJ+ 0PN- 0K2N $*//-N,,J02 zy C*XL )N-(N2PN+N ZG*N2+N2 M- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L )02 ^2J02N2 ,J2Po
'K+KzG,*-NZG*N2+ 0K2N xKNFJ,xKN $*//-N,,J02n ]N20N,*-NZG*N2+ 0K2N xKNFJ,xKN $*//-N,,J02n CP-0LN2xz-y02z+\z-y02z+ZG*N2+ FJ+ xKNFJ,xKN- $*//-N,,J02n \z-y02z+ZG*N2+ FJ+ xKNFJ,xKN- $*//-N,,J02
[N- ZG*N2+ yNNJ2V*,,+ ] PJN ^2J02N2,*GN2 P*-xK ,NJ2N @02N2+-z+J02 H-N-N %N+N2+J02,NJ+ yNJ KKN-N2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 PN2 /C N-+ [J,,0Jz+J02,LGNJxKLN (JxK+N ,J2P /CzyK2LJL *2P 0-Lz2J,xKN >0PJXN- 0-Lz2J,xKN ?,*2L,FJ++NG )N- G2LN-2 %N+N2+J02,NJ+N2 E- PJN ^2zG,N PN- ^GHzGJ *2P Z-PzGHzGJFN+zGG@z+J02N2 (N-PN2 zG, ZG*N2+N2 )N-P22+N >J2N-zG,*-N2 *2P NJ2,*-N[J/Jx0GJ2,*-N )N-(N2PN+ "F PJN $*GN * ,xK+N2 *2P PN-N2 ?NyN2,Pz*N- * N-KKN2 (N-PN2 GNJxK+ z*, +z*,xKyz-N !0-,*GN2 NJ2LNyz*+ [z, #-N22)N-KzG+N2 PN- B02N2z*,+z*,xKN-,*GN J,+ zyK2LJL )0F D-*2PFz+N-JzG y( )02 PN2 P0-+ LNy*2PN2N2 B02N2z*,+z*,xKL-*/ /N2 *2P )0F ZG*N2+N2 C*XL NJ2LN,N++N D-*2PFz+N-JzGJN2 ,J2Po '0G,+-N2[J)J2GyN2N2\0/0GFN-Nn '0GFN+Kzx-Gz+N '0GKP-0zGHG>N+Kzx-Gz+Nn \0z+NP $JGJxzLNGN [JN EJ-Fz [J02N Kz+ NJ2N2 ^2J02N2z*,+z*,xKN- FJ+ K0KN- @z/zJ++ N2+(JxHNG+ PN- NJ2N )N-NJ2MzxK+N xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN ]N,+JFF*2L PN- z20-Lz2J,xKN2 [N,J2MNH +J02,/-0P*H+N PN, #-J2H *2P ]zPN(z,,N-, (JN \KG0-J+\KG0-z+]-0Fz+ N-FLGJxK+ "F ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ *2P $/NJX++ yNJ PN- [N+NH+J02 PN- B02N2 * N-KKN2 H0FF+ 2NyN2 PN- PJ-NH+N2 B02N2xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN z*xK ,0GxKN FJ+ $*//-N,,0-+NxK 2JH *F ZJ2,z+ \zGJzFz2J, N+ zG pprn [N2LGN- N+ zG ppsz ]NJ PN- ]N,+JFF*2L PN- ^2J02N2 J,+ PJN B02N2xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN FJ+ xKNFJ,xKN- $*//-N,,J02 PzLNLN2 yNJ PN- ^2zG,N PN- @z+J02N2 PJN PJ-NH+N ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+,PN+NH+J02 NF/X2PGJxKN[N2LGN- N+ zG ppsy [JN $*//-N,,0-N2 (N-PN2 zG, #NJG PN, [N+NH+0-, z2LN,NKN2 Pz ,JN PJN =zxK(NJ,NF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ PN*+GJxK )N-yN,,N-2 0K2N PJN 'NzHM0-F * yN NJ2V*,,N2 =0yGN ppt [z, $*//-N,,0-,,+NF Kz+ (NJ ^*MLzyN2o !N--J2LN-2 PN- K0KN2 D-*2PGNJ+MKJLHNJ+ PN, ZG*N2+N2 *2P ~yN-MK-N2 PN- * z2zG,JN-N2PN2 B02N2 J2 NJ2N ,+-HN- GNJ+N2PN E0-F
ww
u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
!N-,xKJNPN2N $*//-N,,0-#/N2 ,J2P JF ZJ2,z+o
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]NJ PN- J2PJ-NH+N2 "!!B$[N+NH+J02 (N-PN2 ZG*N2+N2 FJ+ K0KN- ^y,0-/+J02 NJ2 LN,N++ (JN ] 'K+KzGz+ ]N20z+ =J+-z+ * yN,+JFFN2PN ^2J02N2 )N--J2LN-2 Pz, [N+NH+0-,JL2zG ,0 Pz,, NJ2 2NLz+J)N- 'NzH JF \K-0Fz+0L-zFF * ,NKN2 J,+ [JN "!!B$[N+NH+J02 FJ+ =zxK,*GN2PN-J)z+J02 (J-P M- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L PN~yN-Lz2L,FN+zGGN z2LN(N2PN+ CJN- (N-PN2 2zxK PN- #-N22,*GN NJ2 /K0+0FN+-J ,xKN, %NzLN2, *2P CJGM,G,*2LN2 J2 PN2 ZG*N2+N2,+-0F *LNLNyN2 =zxK PNF [*-xKGz*M PN- %NzH+J02,,/J-zGN Hz22 PJN ^y,0-/+J02 PN- N2+,+z2PN2N2 >N+zGGH0F /GNN LNFN,,N2 (N-PN2 $N*yN-+ ppv B2 !N-yJ2P*2L FJ+ PN- =zxK,*GN2PN-J)z+J02 (J-P z*xK PJN EG*0-N,N2[N+NH+J02 z2LN(N2PN+ PJN zyN- J2 PN- B02N2xK-0Fz+0 L-z/KJN HNJ2N L-0N ]NPN*+*2L N-Gz2L+ Kz+
rn BFF*20uKNFJ,uKN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- "F(NG+w2wG+JH ' @-FNrn XJ2GNJ+*2L BFF*20xKNFJ,xKN >N+K0PN2 M- PJN "F(NG+z2zG+JH *2P KJN-yNJ J2,yN,02PN-N MPJN z,,N-z2zG+JH (N-PN2 ,NJ+ PN2 pqN-AzK-N2 N2+(JxHNG+ LN+N,+N+ *2P *F #NJG J2 NJ2JLN2 ^2zG,N2Gzy0-, -0*+J2NFJL z2LN(z2P+ CzFF0xH *2P >*FFz pqn CzFF0xH N+ zG ppn D00G,y N+ zG pp N+K0PN *F *FMz2L-NJxKN2 $x-NN2J2L77 P K M%NJKN2*2+N-,*xK*2LN2 2zxK yN,+JFF+N2 "F(NG+xKNFJHzGJN2 0PN- 'N,+JJP-xH ,+2PN2 ,J2P [z2H(z-P+ *2P C0xH pprn @-FN- N+ zG wrz ,J2P JFFN- 20xK N-KNyGJxKN ]NPN2HN2 )02 $NJ+N2 NJ2JLN- ^2zG+JHN- * )N-NJxK2N2 $0 ,J2P JFF*20xKNFJ,xKN >N+K0PN2 M- NJ2JLN NJ2N * ,NGNH+J)N M- z2PN-N Pz LNLN2 NJ2N * *2,NGNH+J)N ^2zG,N2FN+K0PN (0yNJ ,JxKN- yNJPN $NJ+N2 NJ2N2 #NJG PN- zK-KNJ+ +-NdN2 >J+ z2PN-N2 0-+N2o ^yK2LJL )02 PN- E-zLN,+NGG*2L Hz22 PJN,N ^2zG,N2FN+K0PN 2FGJxK yNJPN, ,NJ2 * ,NGNH+J) 0PN- * *2,NGNH+J) >J+ PN- -JxK+JLN2 Z2+(JxHG*2L *2P PNF -JxK+JLN2 ZJ2,z+ Hz22 ,JN zyN- z*xK LN2z* Pz, ,NJ2 (z, )02 )JNGN2 $NJ+N2 * K-N2 *2P * GN,N2 J,+ 2FGJxK NJ2N ,xK2NGGN NJ2MzxKN H0,+N2L2,+JLN *2P *)N-G,,JLN >N+K0PN PJN )0- N+K0PN2 PJN >LGJxKHNJ+N2 zyN- z*xK PJN D-N2N2 PN- ,NGyN2 LNNJL+ (N-PN2 [JN ?,*2L PN- PN-NJ+ 20xK NJ,+JN-N2PN2 '-0yGNFN FJ+ PJN,N- #NxK20G0LJN K2L+ )02 PN2 *H2M+JLN2 Z2+(JxHG*2LN2 zy ZJ2JLN ]NJ,/JNGN M- Z2+(JxHG*2LN2 z*M PJN,NF DNyJN+ ,J2Po E0-+,xK-J++N J2 PN- ^*+0Fz+J,JN-*2L ^*Myz* )02 >*G+Jz2zG+FN+K0PN2 *2P B2+NL-z+J02 FJ+ z2PN-N2 zHN/+JN-+N2 ^2z G,N+NxK2JHN2 ] ?\ EG,,JLHNJ+,xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN !0- zGGNF (J-P zyN- z*xK PJN Z2+(JxHG*2L 2N*N- ^2+JH-/N- NJ2N2 ]NJ+-zL *- !N-y-NJ+*2L *2P *F Z-M0GL PJN,N- #NxK20G0LJN GNJ,+N2
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rnt X2+(JuHG*2L )02 \2+JH-/N-2 D-*2PGwLN wGGN- JFF*20uKNFJ,uKN2 >N+K0PN2 ]N)0- JFF*20xKNFJ,xKN >N+K0PN2 z2LN(z2P+ (N-PN2 H22N2 F,,N2 PJN N2+,/-N xKN2PN2 ^2+JH-/N- KN-LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2 [JN, LN,xKJNK+ J2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN- ^-+ *2P NJ,N 2FGJxK zG, /0GHG02zGN, ^2+J,N-*F zG, F020HG02zGN ^2+JH-/N- 0PN- J2 GN++N- NJ+ z*xK zG, -NH0FyJ2z2+N ^2+JH-/N- '0GHG02zGN ^2+J,N-N2o =JNPN-F0GNH*Gz-N $*y,+z2N2 t [zG+02 ,J2P M- NJ2N2 J-yNG+JN-0-Lz2J,F*, 2JxK+ JFF*20LN2 P K N, (N-PN2 HNJ2N ^2+JH-/N- ^H LNLN2 ,JN LNyJGPN+ [zKN- F*,, Pz Pz, >0GNH*Gz-LN(JxK+ )02 "F(NG+z2zG+N2 J2 PN- %NLNG 2*- (N2JLN [zG+02 yN+-L+ NJ2 [N-J)z+ PN- ,/+N- * z2zG,JN-N2PN2 $*y,+z2 ,2+KN+J,JN-+ *2P PJN,N, H0)zGN2+ z2 NJ2 KKN-F0GNH*Gz-N, >0GNHG LNy*2PN2 (N- PN2 J2 PN- %NLNG z2 NJ2 '-0+NJ2 [JN,N, [N-J)z+ (J-H+ Pz22 zG, Cz/+N2 L-JNxKo Kz/+NJ2 f z2KNM+N2 z*M PNF KKN-F0GNH*Gz-N2 '-0+NJ2 Pz, zG, ,0 LN2z22+N- \z--JN#-LN-F0GNHG M*2LJN-+ [N- J-yNG+JN-0-Lz2J,F*, ] @z2J2xKN2 $xKzM JNLN yJGPN+ Pz22 ,0(0KG ^H LNLN2 Pz, '-0+NJ2 zG, z*xK LNLN2 Pz, 2JNPN-F0GNH*Gz-N Cz/ +N2 [z Pz, $N-*F J2 PN- %NLNG 0K2N (NJ+N-N ]NKz2PG*2L PJ-NH+ NJ2LN,N++ (J-P J,+ N, PJN ^*MLzyN NJ2N- L*+N2 $NGNH+J02 FJ+ -JxK+JLNF ^*Myz* NJ2N, ^,,z, PJNIN 2JLN2 ^H z*, NJ2NF $N-*F * 2*+N2 PJN LNLN2 PN2 "F(NG+,xKzP,+0d )0-Kz2PN2 ,J2P =0-FzGN-(NJ,N LNK+ Fz2 Pz)02 z*, Pz,, PJN, xz ; PN- ^H z*, NJ2NF $N-*F ,J2P Z, Kz2PNG+ ,JxK KJN-yNJ *F ^H )0F #/ BLD BFF*2LG0y*GJ2 D ^yy u JxK+JL M- PJN ]J2P*2L PN, ^2zG+N2 J,+ KJN-yNJ 2*- PJN ^2+JLN2]J2 P*2L,,+NGGN Ezy PJN /-0 BLD>0GNHG (NJFzG )0-Kz2PN2 J,+ [N- %N,+ PN, ^H >0GNHG, PJN2+ *- $+zyJGJ,JN-*2L *2P Kz+ ^*MLzyN2 JF J-yNG+JN-0-Lz2J,F*, PJN M- PJN "F(NG+z2zG+JH 2JxK+ )02 ]NPN*+*2L ,J2P ]NJ PN2 2N*N-N2 Z2+(JxHG*2LN2 ,JNKN -NH0FyJ2z2+N ^H (N-PN2 PNFN2+,/-NxKN2P 2*- 20xK E-zLFN2+N PN- ^H N2+ (JxHNG+ ZJ2 (JxK+JLN- ^,/NH+ )0- zGGNF JF DNLN2,z+ * ]J0z,,z, J,+ Pz,, BFF*20z, ,z, HNJ2N ^*,,zLN yN- PJN #0JJ++ 0PN- J-H*2L NJ2N- $*y,+z2 FzxKN2 [JN ]J2P*2L PN, ^H z2 Pz, ^2+JLN2 ^2zG+ ,N++ ,JxK z*, FNK-N-N2 ]J2P*2L,z-+N2
Fab-Teil CDR (hypervariable Domänen)
AntigenBindungsstelle ......
..... ...... . ...... ...... ......
Fv-Teil
leichte Kette schwere Kette Kohlenhydrate
Disulfidbrücken
Fc-Teil
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u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N Direkter kompetitiver ELISA Ein Trägermaterial (z.B. Polystyrol) ist mit Anti-Analyt Antikörpern (Ak) beschichtet. Analyt (Umweltchemikalie) und AnalytEnzym-Konjugat werden zugegeben und konkurrieren um die limitierten Bindungsstellen der Anti-Analyt-Ak.
Nach Trennung von gebundenen und ungebundenen Molekülen (Waschschritt) und Zugabe von Substrat für die Enzymreaktion erhält man ein zur Analytkonzentration umgekehrt proportionales Ergebnis.
Substrat
Produkt
Analyt
Indirekter kompetitiver ELISA Ein Trägermaterial (z.B. Polystyrol) ist mit einem Coating-Antigen beschichtet. Freier Analyt und Coating-Antigen konkurrieren um die limitierten Bindungssellen der Anti-Analyt-Ak.
Nach Trennung von gebundenen und ungebundenen Molekülen (Waschschritt) wird ein Anti-Antikörper (mit Enzym markiert) hinzugefügt.
Nach einem weiteren Waschschritt und nach Zugabe von Substrat für das Enzym erhält man ein zur Analytkonzentration umgekehrt proportionales Ergebnis.
Analyt-Enzym-Konjugat Coating Antigen Anti-Analyt-Antikörper Anti-Antikörper mit Enzym markiert
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*,zFFN2 FJ+ NJ2NF >N,,LN-+ H0FyJ2JN-N2 [JN ~yN-L2LN PJN,N- ZJ2(NLBFF* 20,N2,0-N2 * BFF*20z,,z, BFF*20#N,+@J+, *2P ]J0xKJ/, ,J2P VJNN2P ZJ2 ]NJ,/JNG * NJ2NF ZJ2(NLBFF*20,N2,0- @02N/+ NJL+N2 ] >N*,NG N+ zG ppq *F =zxK(NJ, )02 wu[ CJN-yNJ (N-PN2 ^2+JH-/N- FJ+ NJ2NF EG*0-N,N2Mz-y ,+0d Fz-HJN-+ [N,,N2 ^2-NL*2L N-M0GL+ FJ++NG, NJ2N, ?z,N-, LNM0GL+ )02 NJ2N- [N +NH+J02 JF N)z2N,N2+N2 ENGP @-FN- N+ zG wry ,N++N2 PJN,N, $,+NF NJ2 *F [[# *2P 'KN20+K-J2 J2 "F(NG+/-0yN2 * z2zG,JN-N2 BFF*20,N2,0-N2 PJN z*M PN- D-*2PGzLN PN, PJ-NH+N2 =zxK(NJ,N, PN- ^2+JLN2 ^2+JH-/N-%NzH+J02 yz,JN-N2 ,J2P ,NK- J2+N-N,,z2+ Pz PJN [*-xKMK-*2L NJ2MzxKN*2P (N,N2+GJxK ,xK2NGGN- J,+ ]NJ,/JNGN KJN-* ,J2P Pz, '-J2J/ PN- N +K0PN2 J,+ Pz,, ,JN JP% 2*- J2 NJ2NF *F FJ2PN,+N2, NJ2N NK2N-/0+N2 ,xKGNxK+N-N2 @02N2+-z+J02,yN-NJxK PN+NH+JN-N2 H22N2 zG, PJN z*M @02H*--N2 yz,JN-N2PN2 >N +K0PN2 PJN LGNJxKNJ+JL 20xK NJ2N $JL2zG)N-,+-H*2L ] FJ+ CJGMN NJ2N, Z2F, 2*+N2 ,JNKN 0yN2 ^yy uw ZJ2 L-0N- =zxK+NJG yNJ PN- Z2+(JxHG*2L )02 BFF*20,N2,0-N2 J,+ PN- Pz,, PJN BFF*20-NzLN2JN2 ^2+JH-/N- Cz/+N2N Cz/+N2'-0+NJ2@02I*Lz+N M- *F(NG+ -NGN)z2+N ^2zG+N 2zxK (JN )0- 2*- ,NK- yNPJ2L+ H0FFN-JNGG )N-MLyz- ,J2P $0FJ+ KzyN2 N, $,+NFN2+(JxHGN- J2 P0//NG+N- CJ2,JxK+ ,xK(N- 2FGJxK N-,+N2, yNJ PN]N,xKzd*2L PN- LNNJL2N+N2 BFF*20-NzLN2JN2 M- JK-N Z2+(JxHG*2LN2 *2P (NJ+N2, yNJ PN- !N-,0-L*2L PN- /0+N2+JNGGN2 ^2(N2PN- JK-N- #NxK20G0LJN FJ+ PN2 20+(N2 PJLN2 %NzLN2JN2 BF "F(NG+yN-NJxK ,J2P PzKN- P*-xKz*, )JNG )N-,/-NxKN2PN Z2+ (JxHG*2LN2 yJ,KN- 2JxK+ yN- PN2 '-0+0+/$+z+*, KJ2z*,LNH0FFN2
rnn \*,vGJuH BFF*20xKNFJ,xKN >N+K0PN2 ,J2P J2,yN,02PN-N Pz22 M- PN2 =zxK(NJ, )02 "F (NG+,xKzP,+0dN2 LNNJL2N+ (N22 ^2zG+N KP-0/KJG ,J2P Pz, '-0yN2)0G*FN2 HGNJ2 J,+ *2P0PN- NJ2N K0KN '-0yN2zKG FJ+ NJ2N- )N-LGNJxK,(NJ,N NJ2KNJ+GJxKN2 >z+-J 2zxK (N2JLN2 ^2zG+N2 *2+N-,*xK+ (N-PN2 F*,, CJN- Hz22 PJN,N #NxK20G0LJN NJ2N2 ,NK- L*+N2 ]NJ+-zL *- "F(NG+z2zG+JH GNJ,+N2 Pz PJN H02)N2+J02NGGN2 ^2zG,N2 FN+K0PN2 M- KP-0/KJGN ^2zG+N FNJ,+ NJ2N z*M(N2PJLN '-0yN2)0-yN-NJ+*2L [N-J )z+J,JN-*2L )N-Gz2LN2 NJ2N ^2-NJxKN-*2L PN- '-0yN yN2+JL+ (J-P EzH+0- *2P PzFJ+ yNJ >N,,*2LN2 )02 )JNGN2 '-0yN2 ,NK- NJ+J2+N2,J) *2P +N*N- ,J2P ]J,KN(z- Pz, '-0yN2z*MH0FFN2 JF ]N-NJxK PN- z,,N-z2zG+JH INP0xK 2JxK+ K0xK LN2*L *2P NJ2 $x-NN2J2L77 2zxK (N2JLN2 z*,LN,*xK+N2 ^2zG+N2 (z- 0M+ 2JxK+ LNM-zL+ [N- >z-H+ M- PJN N2+,/-NxKN2PN2 #N,+@J+, J,+ PzKN- X2z2JNGG 2JxK+ ,NK- G0K2N2P ^*N-PNF J,+ z*xK PJN ^HN/+z2 )02 $NJ+N2 PN- z,,N-z2zG+JHN- *2P )02 $NJ+N2 PN- ]NK-PN2 M- PJN #NxK20G0LJN JFFN- 20xK 2JxK+ LNLNyN2 Z, LJy+ (z- ,xK02 ,NJ+ A*2J w NJ2N [B= * BFF*2+N,+)N-MzK-N2 [B= vqutw *2P ,NJ+ w NJ2N
uq BFF*20xKNFJ,xKN >N+K0PN2 J2 PN- "F(NG+z2zG+JH
wvv
B$z z2 ZJ2z-yNJ+*2L J,+ 20+(N2PJL CJ2+N-L-*2P(J,,N2 J,+ ,NK- KJGM-NJxK *2P NJ2N NJLN2N !zGJPJN-*2L PJN LNLNyN2N2MzGG, z*xK NJ2N2 !N-LGNJxK FJ+ NJ2N- %NMN-N2z2zG+JH NJ2,xKGJN+ J,+ ,JxKNM- yN,+JFF+N E-zLN,+NGG*2LN2 * NF/MNKGN2 ~yN- ^-+ *2P "FMz2L PN- !zGJPJN-*2L ,0GG+N z2Kz2P PN- ^2(N2P*2L /-zLFz+J,xK N2+,xKJNPN2 (N-PN2 B2 PN2 AzK-N2 ppsw Mz2P ] J2 [N*+,xKGz2P JF %zKFN2 NJ2N, E0-,xK*2L, )0-KzyN2, ]>]E E@ urvu NJ2N *FMz2L-NJxKN !zGJPJN-*2L PN- #N,+@J+, M'^@ *2P #=# M- PN2 ZJ2,z+ yNJ PN- Z-Mz,,*2L *2P ]N(N-+*2L )02 ^G+Gz,+N2 )N-PzxK+,VxKN2 ,+z++ @-FN- ppq B2 PN2 "$^ z-yNJ+N+ PJN Z'^ Z2)J-02FN2+zG '-0+Nx+J02 ^LN2xn K++/o(((N/zL0) FJ+ PN- !N-LzyN )02 >N+K0PN22*FFN-2 ?N,2JH ppu [JN ^N+K0PN2 Pz, zyN- yJ,KN- 20xK 2JxK+ H0FFN-JNGG LN2*++ (*- PN Z, LJy+ ,NK- L*+N ^2,+N KJN-* KG+ ] z*xK PJN Z2+(JxHG*2L )02 >*G+J z2zG+$,+NFN2 FJ+ PN2N2 Fz2 LGNJxKNJ+JL FNK-N-N ^2zG+N )02 B2+N-N,,N yN,+JF FN2 Hz22 ] #,xKFNGzH N+ zG wtzy BF %xHyGJxH G,,+ ,JxK ,zLN2 Pz,, ,JxK PJN Z2+(JxHG*2LN2 PN- BFF*20,N2,0-N2 2JxK+ ,0 ,xK2NGG J2 H0FFN-JNGG N-M0GL-NJxKN '-0P*H+N *F,N+N2 GJNN2 (JN Fz2 Pz, ^2Mz2L PN- ppN-AzK-N z22zKF [N220xK J,+ MN,+*KzG+N2 Pz,, (JN PJN,N- H*-N &*N-,xK2J++ LNNJL+ Kz+ JFF*20xKNFJ,xKN2 >N+K0PN2 ,NK- )JNG,NJ+JL ,J2P $JxKNJ,+ PJN, NJ2N *H*2M+,+-xK+JLN #NxK20G0LJN Pz ,JN PJN >LGJxKHNJ+ NJ2N- H0,+N2L2, +JLN2 *2P *F(NG+M-N*2PGJxKN2 ^2zG+JH J2 ^*,,JxK+ ,+NGG+
wvu
u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
rm $*FFN2vN,+JFF*2LN2 X $+0++FNJ,+Nrm XJ2GNJ+*2L #-0+ PN- KN*+N (NJ+ M0-+LN,xK-J++N2N2 ZJ2NG,+0dz2zG+JH )02 z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN2 J,+ N, z2LN,JxK+, PN- *2LNKN*-N2 !JNGzKG 0-Lz2J,xKN- !N-yJ2P*2LN2 2JxK+ z2LNFN, ,N2 zGGN 0-Lz2J,xKN2 z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN NJ2NG2 * JPN2+JXJN-N2 0PN- .*z2+J+z+J) * yN,+JFFN2 [JN LNJNG+N ZJ2NG,+0dz2zG+JH J,+ 2*- Pz22 ,J22)0GG (N22 D-N2 (N-+N )02 ZJ2NG,+0dN2 0PN- $+0dL-*//N2 ] #-JKzG0LN2FN+Kz2N 'N,+JJPN NJ2 *KzG+N2 *2P * H02+-0GGJN-N2 ,J2P 0PN- (N22 NJ2 !N-PzxK+ z*M yN,+JFF+N $+0dN )0-GJNL+ ] J2 $xKzPN2,MGGN2 B2 zGGN2 z2PN-N2 EGGN2 J,+ N, 0M+ z2LNy-zxK+N- *2xK,+ PJN 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $+0dN FJ+ CJGMN )02 LNNJL2N+N2 $*FFN2/z-zFN+N-2 * N-Mz,,N2 JxK+JLN $*FFN2/z-zFN+N- M- LNG,+N 0-Lz2J,xKN $+0dN JF z,,N- ,J2P PN- [$ "!!B$$/NH+-0F
KLG KLG q FLGw KLGr
FLG
]
^^$ D-z/KJ+0MN2 ^^$ CP-JP+NxK2JH B\'$ B\ >zz2zG,N >zz2zG,N
pps q ppq r pps q ppq r
Zu [B= Z= B$< ttqso wu w Zww [B= Z= B$< qqt ppq u Zwp [B= Z= B$< rwpuowt w Zs [B= vquss pp v
n >N+K0PN ]o w KLGn >N+K0PN \o t KLG
u
s
v
pp p pq p pqs v
Zu [B= Z= B$< ttqso wu w [wu [B= vqutwuo pqr t B$< qvo ppu q [u [B= Z= B$< quwows w Zww [B= Z= B$< qqtoppq u Zwp [B= Z= B$< rwpuowt w [ww [B= Z= B$< vuppr vo
Z [B= Z= wvvo B$< pruo Z [B= Z= wvvo B$< pruo
Zr [B= vqusr Zw [B= vqusw B$< qwqq
ppt t ppt t wu w pq p pqs v
Zww [B= Z= B$< qqtoppq u Zwp [B= Z= B$< rwpuowt w Zs [B= vqusso pp v
Zp [B= Z= B$< tpso Zp [B= Z= B$< tpso Zu [B= Z= B$< ttqso Zw [B= vquswo B$< qwqqo
Zwp [B= Z= B$< rwpuowt w Zvu [B= Z= B$< upoppp w Zv [B= vqusvo ww v Zv [B= vqusvo ww v
KKN-N DNKzG+N P*-xK LNNJL2N+N !N-P22*2L PN- z,,N-/-0yN
]N,+JFF*2L zG, \K-0Fz+ \-z+-JNJ2V,,N2 $+z2Pz-P zPPJ+J02,!N-MzK-N2
u
s
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n >N+K0PN ]o t t KLGn >N+K0PN \o w t KLG
KKN-N DNKzG+N P*-xK LNNJL2N+N !N-P22*2L [0,JN-)0G*FN2 KG KKN-N DNKzG+No )N-P22N2 0PN- HGNJ2N-N !0G*FJ2z
FJ+ Z+KGN2PJzFJ2+N+-zN,,JL,*-N Z[#^ FJ+ Z+KGN2PJzFJ2+N+-zN,,JL,*-N Z[#^ $*FFN )02 \z *2P >L
p
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>2
^^$ EGzFFN
>L
^^$ EGzFFN ^^$ D-z/KJ+0MN2
^^$ D-z/KJ+0MN2 B\'N,,yN-NJxK
E0-+,N+*2L
ZGNFN2+
#zyNGGN uw
v
KKN-N @02N2+-z+J02N2 2zxK !N-P22N2 PN- z,,N-/-0yN [0,JN-)0*FN2 w nG KKN-N @02N2+-z+J02 P*-xK !N-P22N2 0PN- HGNJ2N-N !0G*FJ2z
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p
s
v
?*M+^xN+GN2EGzFFN FJ+ *,z+ )02 ?z\Gvn Z-(NJ+N-*2L PN, ^-yNJ+,yN-NJxK, 2zxK 0yN2 0PN- 2zxK *2+N2 P*-xK )N-,xKJNPN2N !N-P22*2L,MzH+0-N2
p
s
^-yNJ+,yN-NJxK Hz22 P*-xK !N-P22*2L,MzH+0-N2 N-(NJ+N-+ (N-PN2 ^-yNJ+,yN-NJxK Hz22 P*-xK !N-P22*2L,MzH+0-N2 N-(NJ+N-+ (N-PN2 ?*M+^xN+GN2EGzFFN FJ+ *,z+ )02 \,\G
%NP*H+J02,FJ++NGo $2BBxKG0-JP 0PN- =z+-J*F+N+-zKP-0y0-z+n ^*M,xKG*,,)N-MzK-N2 *- Z-Mz,,*2L zGGN- 0-Lz2J,xKN2 &*NxH,JGyN-)N-yJ2P*2LN2 N-M0-PN-GJxK %NP*H+J02,FJ++NGo $2BBxKG0-JP 0PN- =z+-J*F+N+-zKP-0y0-z+ ^2-NJxKN-*2L z2 ZPNGFN+zGG0yN-VxKN ] ^*'+DzN %NP*H+J02 PN- $ w nLGr !0G+zFFN+-JN nLG t FLG
^^$ EGzFFN
^^$ EGzFFN ^^$ EGzFFN ^^$ D-z/KJ+0MN2 B\'[\ ]NJ K0KNF [z+-J N-+N H22N2 M- )N-,xKJNPN2N B,0+0/N NJ2N, ZGNFN2 +N, *2+N-,xKJNPGJxK ,NJ2 q #/J,xKN- ^-yNJ+,yN-NJxK yNJ ZJ2,z+ NJ2N- nG$xKGNJMN p ]N,+JFF*2L,FN+K0PN M- p LNG,+N @z+J02N2 ?Jh =zh =Cuh @h >2wh \zwh >Lwh $-wh ]zwh FJ++NG, B02N2xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN [N- ^- yNJ+,yN-NJxK J,+ P*-xK PJN B02N2z*,+z*,xKHz/zJ++ PN- #-N22,*GN yNL-N2+ [JN '-0yN (N22 2+JL )N-P22N2 M- 2JNP-JLN-N ^-yNJ+,yN-NJxKN nG$xKGNJMN )N- (N2PN2 [JN,N- B$N+K0PN2 *- ]N+JFF*2L )02 \0 =J \* 2 \P 'y >N+K0PN ^o PJ-NH+N ]N,+JFF*2L FJ++NG, EGzFFN2^^$ >N +K0PN ]o EGzFFN2^^$ 2zxK \KNGz+yJGP*2L FJ+ ^FF02J*F/--0GJPJ2PJ+KJ0 xz-yzFz+ ^'[\ *2P Z+-zH+J02 FJ+ >N+KGJ,0y*+GHN+02 >B]@ >N+K0PN \o EGzFFN2^^$ 2zxK \KNGz+yJGP*2L FJ+ CNzFN+KGN2zFF02J*FKNzFN +KGN2PJ+KJ0xz-yzFz+ C>^C>[\ *2P Z+-zH+J02 FJ+ [JJ,0/-0/GHN+02 [B'@ KKN-N @02N2+-z+J02N2 P*-xK !N-P22N2 ]N,+JFF*2L,FN+K0PN M- r ZGNFN2+N ^L ^G ^, \P \0 \- \* EN >2 >0 =J 'y $y $N #G ! 2 J2 z,,N- *2P $NPJFN2+/-0yN2
u ]N,+JFF*2L )02 >N+zGGN2 *2P CzGyFN+zGGN2 wur
wuq
u \KNFJ,xKN z,,N-z2zG,N
#zyNGGN uw FN+K0PN2
=JxK+ J2 PN- #-J2H(! z*MLNMK-+N >N+zGGN *2P CzGyFN+zGGN ]N,+JFF*2L,
ZGN >N+K0PN FN2+
>N,,yN-NJxK 0PN- ]NFN-H*2LN2 [Z! =0-Fo ^*,LzyNPz+*F =zxK(NJ,L-N2N
^* ]N
t nLGr w FLGw t nLGr t w nLG u FLGw t nLGr nLGr w u FLG
]J \N \0
\0 \, [ ZZ* Dz DP DN CM C0 B2 B?z ?J ?* >0
=P 'P ''+ %y %N %K %* $x $J $F $2
B\'>$ B\'$ ^^$ EGzFFN
^^$ EGzFFN w nLG ^^$ EGzFFN FLG ^ w nLG ] t nLG \ B\'>$ w nLGr !0G+zFFN+-JN nLG ^^$ s s nLG D-z/KJ+0MN2 B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ v nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ v nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'$ nLGr B\'$ nLGr B\'>$ t nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ t nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ nLGr B\'>$ t nLGr B\'$ B\'>$ B\'>$ B\'$ B\'>$ B\'$ B\'>$ B\'[\ ]NJ K0KNF [N+KGJ,0y* +GHN+02 >B]@ >N+K0PN \o EGzFFN2^^$ 2zxK \KNGz+yJGP*2L FJ+ CNzFN+KGN2zFF02J*F KNzFN+KGN2PJ+KJ0xz-yzFz+ C>^C>[\ *2P Z+-zH+J02 FJ+ [JJ,0/-0/GHN+02 [B'@ K KN-N @02N2+-z+J02N2 P*-xK !N-P22N2 ]N,+JFF*2L,FN+K0PN M- r ZGNFN2+N ^L ^G ^, \P \0 \- \* EN >2 >0 =J 'y $y $N #G ! 2 J2 z,,N- *2P $NPJFN2+/-0yN2
wt
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natürlichen Quellen
Abwasser aus: Kernwaffen- Unglücksfällen Medizin, Technik kerntechn. Anlagen versuchen mit großräumiger und Forschung Kontamination
Grundwasser (natürlich radioaktive Stoffe und künstlich radioaktive Stoffe durch Bodenpassage) Entnahme zur Versickerung Wasserwerk
Uferfiltrat direkte Entnahme
mechanischbiologische Kläranlage
Fluss
Kühlwasser- Kühlwasserentnahme rückgabe
Oberflächenwasser (Fluss/Stausee/Talsperre)
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prq pqs "$^ ppw ppu Z2LGz2P zGN, prq pqu pqs pst pvq pqv pps
[N*+,xKGz2P B,Fz2J2L B2PJN2 #KzJGz2P "$^ %J)N-,JPN\zGJM A*L0,Gz(JN2 [N*+,xKGz2P 02z+N *2P yN+-zM -*2P 'N-,02N2 [z, z,,N- (z- ,+z-H FJ+ \0GJM0-FN2 z*, NJ2NF ^y(z,,N-+z2H H02+z FJ2JN-+ ZJ2N yN-NJ+, pqr *2P NJ2N pqq yN,xK-JNyN2N Z/JPNFJN FJ+ NJ2N- zH*+N2 Dz,+-0N2+N-J+J, *2HGz-N- +J0G0LJN NJL+N @-z2HKNJ+,,F/+0FN PJN M-KN- FJ+ PNF DN2*,, )02 -0KN- >JGxK J2 *,zFFN2Kz2L LNy-zxK+ (*-PN2 @GJ2J,xKN >N-HFzGN PN*+N+N2 yNJ NJ2JLN2 @-z2HN2 z*M !J-*,J2MNH+J02N2 KJ2 0K2N Pz,, INP0xK PN- ]N(NJ, N-y-zxK+ (N-PN2 H022+N Pz,, PJN B2MNH+J02 P*-xK z,,N- yN-+-zLN2 (0-PN2 (z- 60 50
6
40 Anzahl
Art der Wasserversorgung Einzelne
Σ 53
nicht Kommunale Kommunale
21
30
Werte addiert
20
26
10
1994
1992
1990
1988
1986
1984
1982
1980
1978
1976
1974
1972
0 Jahr
^yy t z,,N-N/JPNFJN2 zyK2LJL )0F #/ PN- z,,N-)N-,0-L*2Ln ssv EGGN J2 PN2 "$^ pr yJ, ppt &*NGGNo \N2+N- M0- [J,Nz,N \02+-0G \[\o (((xPxL0) 60
akute Gastroenteritis chemische Stoffe Viren Parasiten Bakterien Werte addiert
Σ 53
50 29
30 20
7
10
8
1994
1992
1990
1988
1986
1984
1982
1980
1978
1976
3
1974
0
6
1972
Anzahl
40
Jahr
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tw #-J2H(z,,N-N/JPNFJN2
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!Jy-J0 NG+0- J,+ M-KN- yNJ Z/JPNFJN2 2JxK+ 2zxKLN(JN,N2 (0-PN2 [JN LNLN2(-+JLN r 'z2PNFJN )N-*-,zxK+ P*-xK !Jy-J0 NG+0- $N-0+/ B2zyz yNLz22 ps J2 PNF Z2 PNFJNLNyJN+ *F \NGNyN, $*Gz(N,J !02 P0-+ z*, N--NJxK+N ,JN z2PN-N ?2PN- J2 N2,xKN2 ,+z-yN2 z2 PN- @-z2HKNJ+ ,JNKN #zy tu [zFJ+ ,J2P pp FNK- >N2,xKN2 z2 \K0GN-z N-H-z2H+ zG, ,02,+ J2 t AzK-N2 ]z-H(z *2P $JFNz*+ pp r; PN- EGGN (*-PN2 J2 Gz+NJ2zFN-JHz2J,xKN2 ?2PN-2 -NLJ,+-JN-+ Pz)02 zGGNJ2 N+(z v J2 'N-* >J+ vt EGGN2 z*, p ?2PN-2 (z- z*xK ^M-JHz ,+z-H yN+-0dN2 NJ+N-N EGGN ,+zFFN2 z*, v z,Jz+J,xKN2 ?2PN-2 %*F2JN2 *2P PN- "H-zJ2N Z2PN Az2*z- pp y-zxK (JN N-(K2+ PJN \K0GN-z !Jy-J0 NG+0- $N-0+/ B2zyz J2 $P *2P >J++NGzFN-JHz z*, @z/N- ppt ^FN-JHz (z- JF w AzK-K*2PN-+ yJ, * PJN,NF AzK- )02 PN- $N*xKN )N-,xK02+ LNyGJNyN2 [JN N-,+N2 @-z2HKNJ+,MGGN (*- PN2 z*, PN- @,+N2,+zP+ \Kz2xz s @JG0FN+N- 2-PGJxK PN- /N-*z2J,xKN2 Cz*/+ ,+zP+ LNFNGPN+ B2 PN- Pz-z*M M0GLN2PN2 NJ+ y-NJ+N+N ,JxK PN- Z--NLN- FJ+ NJ2N*2LNzK2+N2 DN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ z*, *2P (z- J22N-KzGy )02 2*- (NJ 0xKN2 yNw @JG0FN+N- N2+Gz2L PN- /N-*z2J,xKN2 @,+N B2 PJN,N- NJ+ (*-PN2 J2,LN,zF+ w Z-H-z2H*2LN2 -NLJ,+-JN-+ B2 )JN- 0xKN2 r ENy-*z- yJ, w >- pp N-H-z2H+N2 r tt 'N-,02N2 P K JF [*-xK,xK2J++ yN- -*2P w t EGGN /-0 #zL J2 NJ2N- ]N)GHN-*2L )02 N+(z ww >JGGJ02N2 ZJ2(0K2N-2 ^*, (NGxKNF \K0GN-zZ2PNFJNLNyJN+ J2 ^M-JHz 0PN- ^,JN2 PJN Z--NLN- NJ2LN ,xKGN//+ (*-PN2 J,+ 2JxK+ LN2z* yNHz22+ ZJ2N FLGJxKN Z-HG-*2L M- PN2 ]NLJ22 PN- Z/JPNFJN J,+ Pz,, J2XJN-+N 'N-,02N2 (zK-,xKNJ2GJxK $NNGN*+N \K0GN-zN--N LN- z*,LN,xKJNPN2 KzyN2 *2P PJN,N FJ+ PN2 EHzGJN2 J2, CzMN2(z,,N- LNGz2L+N2 (0 ,JN >*,xKNG2 *2P EJ,xKN H02+zFJ2JN-+N2 #-0+ PN- )N-,xKJNPN2N2 >z2zKFN2 *F NJ2 ~yN-L-NJMN2 PN- $N*xKN z*M =zxKyz-G2PN- * )N-KJ2PN-2 N--NJxK+N PJN \K0GN-z zF wq ENy-*z- Zx*zP0- \0G*FyJN2 zF q >- \KJGN zF s ^/-JG *2P ]-z,JGJN2 zF ww ^/-JG pp Z-,+z*2GJxK J,+ Pz,, PJN N-,+N2 DNyJN+N FJ+ \K0GN-z J2 Zx*zP0- *2P \KJGN q y( r @JG0FN+N- )02 PNF ^*,Lz2L PN- Z/JPNFJN N2+MN-2+ GzLN2 ppq (*-PN2 )02 PN- C< wpvw \K0GN-zZ-H-z2H*2LN2 LNKG+ (0yNJ ^M-JHz FJ+ wruq EGGN2 rw; PN- (NG+(NJ+ z*MLNMK-+N2 EGGN FNGPN+N $NJ+ ppw ,J2P PJN \K0GN-z yNPJ2L+N2 @-z2HKNJ+,MGGN J2 $PzFN-JHz -xHG*XL wq (*-PN )02 PN C< HNJ2N \K0GN-zZ-H-z2H*2L J2 $PzFN-JHz LNFNGPN+ CJH-00-Lw2J,FN2 J2 D-*2P(w,,N-GNJ+N-2 *2P w,,N-MJG+N-2 qs [J0+0/ D-*2P(w,,N'z+K0LN2N >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 H22N2 JF ]0PN2 G2LN-N NJ+ /N-,J,+JN-N2 *2P 2zxK *,JxHN-*2L )02 JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 yGNJy+ PN,KzGy 0M+ *2yNHz22+ J,+ zyN- JFFN- FJ+ NJ2N- @02+z FJ2z+J02 PN, z,,N-, FJ+ +JN-J,xKN2 0PN- FN2,xKGJxKN2 ^*,,xKNJP*2LN2 )N-y*2PN2 DNGz2LN2 ] EHzGyzH+N-JN2 J2 Pz, ]J0+0/ z,,N- ,0 H0FFN2 ,JN J2 NJ2N "F LNy*2L PN- ,JN 2JxK+ z2LN/z,,+ ,J2P CJN- F,,N2 ,JN ,JxK FJ+ PN2 /K,JHzGJ,xKN2 *2P xKNFJ,xKN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 PN, ]J0+0/, z,,N- z*,NJ2z2PN-,N+N2 *2P *2+N-GJNLN2 NxK,NG(J-H*2LN2 FJ+ >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 PN- z*+0xK+K02N2 z,,N-yJ020,N BK-N ?NyN2,Pz*N- Hz22 J2 PJN,NF M-NFPN2 >JGJN*77 P*-xK z2PN-N #NF/N-z+*-N2 /C N-+N %NP0FJGJN* $zGH02N2+-z+J02N2 =K-,+0dN ?JxK+)N-KG+2J,,N $xK(N-FN +zGGNJ2V,,N z2+zL02J,+J,xKN 'K20FN2N ]zH+N-J0/KzLN2 %z*yyzH+N-JN2 *,( yN NJ2+-xK+JL+ (N-PN2 BF !N-LGNJxK * JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 J2 +JNMN-N2 ]0PN2,xKJxK+N2 *2P JF D-*2P(z,,N- (N 2JLN- yNHz22+ E- PJN #-J2H(z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L ,J2P yNJ NJ2N- @02+zFJ2JN-*2L PN+JNMN-N2 ]0PN2,xKJxK+N2 *2P PN, D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-, FJ+ /z+K0LN2N2 >JH-00-Lz2J, FN2 (NJ )JNG,xKJxK+JLN H0F/GNN !0-L2LN )02 N2+,xKNJPN2PN- ]NPN*+*2L Z, Kz2 PNG+ ,JxK *F PJN 'N-,J,+N2 PN- /z+K0LN2N2 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 JF ]0PN2 *2P J2 D-*2P (z,,N-GNJ+N-2 *2+N- PN2 )0-KN--,xKN2PN2 yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 *2P LN0xKNFJ,xKN2 >JGJN* yNPJ2L*2LN2 ,0(JN *F PJN >NxKz2J,FN2 PJN M- PN2 #-z2,/0-+ PJN !N-,xKGN//*2L )02 /z+K0LN2N2 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 JF ]0PN2 *2P J2 D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 *2+N- 2z+*-LNLNyN2N2 /K,JHzGJ,xKN2 *2P /K,JH0xKNFJ,xKN2 !N-KG+2J,,N2 )N-z2+(0-+GJxK ,J2P
tv ~yN-GNyN2,NJ+ /z+K0LN2N- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2
vp
[JN 'N-,J,+N2 *2P PN- #-z2,/0-+ PN- /z+K0LN2N2 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 (J-P yN,+JFF+ P*-xK xKNFJ,xKN '-0N,,N (JN EG0xH*2L $*-N]z,N2%NzH+J02N2 JH-00-Lz2J,FN2/0/*Gz+J02 LNxK+N+ (N-PN2 z*, PN- yNu %NJ2H*G+*-N2 J,0GJN-+ (*-PN2 ?JxK+ *2P NGNH+-02N20/+J,xKN ^*,(N-+*2LN2 GJN N2 F0-/K0G0LJ,xK yN- )N-,xKJNPN2N >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2+/N2 N-HN22N2 Z+(z p; (z-N2 L-zF2NLz+J) PJN y-JLN2 L-zFGzyJG y( L-zF/0,J+J) B2 NJ2NF $xK2NGG +N,+ (*-PN2 PJN J,0GJN-+N2 zN-0yN2 %NJ2H*G+*-,+FFN z*M JK- !N-KzG+N2 LNLN2yNZ x0GJ LN/-M+ wv; KNFF+N2 Pz, zxK,+*F )02 Z x0GJ *2P wq; M-PN-+N2 PN-N2 Z2+(JxHG*2L qt; NJL+N2 ^LL-NLz+J02,)N-FLN2 B2 PN- =z+*- H0FFN2 ]zH+N-JN2 z2 J2N-+N2 JH-0H0G02JN2 )0- Z+-zNGG*G-N /0GFN-N $*y,+z2N2 Z'$ (N-PN2 (JN J2(J,xKN2 yNHz22+ J,+ J2 PN- NJ2N2 0PN- z2PN-N2 E0-F )02 2zKN* zGGN2 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 LNyJGPN+ [JN F0-/K0G0LJ,xKN2 $+-*H+*-N2 H22N2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxK ,NJ2 *2P (N-PN2 )N-,xKJNPN2 yN2z22+o @z/,NG $xKGNJFKGGN $xKNJPN DGx0xzGJ ,JNKN ^y,xK2 pu [JN,N $*y,+z2N2 ,J2P yJ,KN- )JNGMzxK yN-,NKN2 (0- PN2 (NJG ,JN yNJ ^2xK+*2L *2P $*yH*G+J)JN-*2L PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 J2 V,,JLN2 *2P z*M MN,+N2 =K-FNPJN2 2JxK+ LNyJGPN+ (N-PN2
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t >JH-0yJ0G0LJN PN, z,,N-,
[JN Z'$ N-MGGN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N E*2H+J02N2 $JN N-FLGJxKN2 Pz, CzM+N2 )02 >J H-00-Lz2J,FN2 z2 JH-00- Lz2J,FN2 P*-xK @02+zH+,xK*+ LNLN2 0GJL0P2zFJ,xK (J-HN2PN >N+zGGJ02N2 0PNz2PN-N yzH+N-JJPN $*y,+z2N2 [z, !0-H0FFN2 PJN,N- Z'$ zG, $xK*+,*y,+z2N2 N-HG-+ Pz,, NJ2N yN,+NKN2PN FJH-0yJNGGN ]N,JNPNG*2L )02 z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L,,,+N FN2 2*- ,NK- ,xK(N- (J-H*2L,)0GG yNHF/M+ (N-PN2 Hz22 ~yN- PJN ]NPN*+*2L )02 Z'$ yJGPN2PN2 ]zH+N-JN2 z*, PNF D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- M- PJN #-J2H(z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L J,+ yJ,KN- (N2JL yNHz22+ [JN PzFJ+ *,zFFN2K2LN2PN2 'K20FN2N (N-PN2 PN2 ,0 LN2z22+N2 ]J0XGFN2 *LN-NxK2N+ ,JNKN ^y,xK2 pu
qst 'N-,J,+N2 )02 >JH-00-Lw2J,FN2 "2+N- 'N-,J,+N2 )02 ]zH+N-JN2 *2P !J-N2 (J-P JK-N JPN-,+z2P,MKJLHNJ+ LNLN2yN*N-N2 yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 xKNFJ,xKN2 0PN- /K,JHzGJ,xKN2 ZJ2V,,N2 )N-,+z2PN2 >z+ +KN,, *2P 'NHPNLN- pqt ^*, H0G0LJ,xKN2 D-2PN2 F,,N2 (NJ >JH-00-Lz2J, FN2D-*//N2 *2+N-,xKJNPN2 (N-PN2 *2P (z- NJ2LN,xKGN//+N zGG0xK+K02N >JH-0 0-Lz2J,FN2 PJN zG, @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN- 0PN- zG, +0JLN2N ?NyN2,FJ++NG)N-LJM+N- (J-HN2 H22N2 *2P z*+0xK+K02N >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 PJN *- ]N,JNPG*2L PN, D-*2P(z,,N-, LNK-N2 [JN z*+0xK+K02N2 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 N--NJxKN2 *2+N- L2,+JLN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 )0zGGNF yNJ N2+,/-NxKN2PNF =zK-*2L,z2LNy0+ ,NK- K0KN @02N2+-z+J02N2 @0G02JN zKG LN2z*N-o @0G02JN2 yJGPN2PN ZJ2KNJ+N2 @]Z ; ; v J2 FG JF D-*2P(z, ,N- *K-Fz22 pq ZJ2LN,xKGN//+N zGG0xK+K02N >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 (N-PN2 PzLNLN2 NGJFJ2JN-+ ]NJ LN -J2LNF =K-,+0dz2LNy0+ Hz22 JK-N zKG *2xK,+ H02,+z2+ yGNJyN2 0PN- ,JxK LN -J2LMLJL )N-FNK-N2 $JN 2JFF+ INP0xK zG,yzGP N/02N2+JNGG FJ+ PN- NJ+ zy !J-N2 H22N2 ,JxK 2JxK+ JF z,,N- )N-FNK-N2 BK-N zKG 2JFF+ LGNJxKMzGG, N/02N2+JNGG FJ+ PN- NJ+ zy ]N-L prs [JN,N @NJFzy2zKFN JF D-*2P(z,,N- (J-P P*-xK PJN >JGJN*)N-KG+2J,,N yN,+JFF+ JxK+JL,+N- EzH+0- *- ZGJFJ2JN-*2L )02 zGG0xK+K02N2 ]zH+N-JN2 *2P !J-N2 J,+ N2+(NPN- NJ2N L*+ N2+(JxHNG+N J2+zH+N ]0PN202N 0PN- zyNNJ2N z2zG0LN zH+J)N $xKJxK+ z2 PN- D-N2VxKN z,,N-$NPJFN2+ [JN,N yJ0G0LJ,xK zH+J)N2 ]N-NJxKN N-JNGN2 ,NGy,+ yNJ K0KN2 ]NGz,+*2LN2 ,NK- (J-H,zFN ZGJFJ2JN-*2LN2 )02 zGG0xK+K02N2 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 JxK+JL,+N EzH+0-N2 ,J2P PJN ~yN-GNLN2KNJ+ PN- z*+0xK+K02N2 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 yNJ PN- @02H*--N2 *F =K-,+0dN *2P JK-N ^*,,xKNJP*2LN2 z2 J2KJyJ+0-J,xKN2 $*y,+z2N2 ,JNKN ^y,xK2 tvr B2 20-FzGN2 (z,,N-LN,++JL+N2 D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 z*N-KzGy yJ0G0LJ,xKN- zH+J)N]N-NJxKN yNL2,+JLN2 NyN2MzGG, NJ2N %NJKN /K,JHzGJ,xKN- *2P /K,JH0xKNFJ,xKN!0-L2LN ] #NF/N-z+*-(NxK,NG C0-J02+zGyN(NL*2LN2 FJ+ !N-P22*2L, *2P EJG+-z+J02,NdNH+N2 $NPJFN2+z+J02, *2P ZJ2Mz2L)0-L2LN2 ,0(JN !N-2PN-*2LN2 PN, LN0KP-0xKNFJ,xKN2 >JGJN*, NJ2N ZGJFJ2JN-*2L PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 #-0+ PJN,N- EzH+0-N2 (NJ,N2 )N-,xKJNPN2N "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 yNJ PN- N-M0-PN-GJxKN2 ]N-xH,JxK+JL*2L )02 Z+-NF(N-+N2 z*M K0KN 'N-,J,+N2NJ+N2 K0KN %N,JP*zGHNJF PJxK+N2 ,0(JN L-0N @NJF+-z2,/0-+,+-NxHN2 KJ2 J2,yN,02PN-N yNJ FJH-0yJNGG Hz*F zH+J)N2 FJ+ $z*N-,+0d LN,++JL+N2 ,,N-2 yNJ L2,+JLNF /C N-+ N+(z r yJ, ru
tv ~yN-GNyN2,NJ+ /z+K0LN2N- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2
vw
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t >JH-0yJ0G0LJN PN, z,,N-,
[JN,N Z-LNy2J,,N yN,++JLN2 Pz,, PJN ^y2zKFN )02 Z x0GJ zG, B2PJHz+0-yzH+N-J*F M- @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN- z*,LNKN2P )02 NJ2N- -NzGJ,+J,xKN2 ^2Mz2L,H02N2+-z+J02 z*M PN2 Z x0GJD-N2(N-+ PN- #-J2H(! ^*MN2+KzG+,NJ+N2 JF D-*2P(z,,N- )02 # )JN GN2 >02z+N2 N-M0-PN-+ (N22 ,JN zGGNJ2 z*M ^y,+N-yN *2P B2zH+J)JN-*2L,)0-L2LN2 yN-*K+
qss \P,0-/+J02 *2P YN,0-/+J02 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 *2+N-GJNLN2 # -N)N-,JyGN2 ^P,0-/+J02, *2P [N,0-/+J02,)0- L2LN2 [JN ^P,0-/+J02 PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 z*M MN,+N2 >J2N-zG,+0dN2 PN- D-*2P (z,,N-GNJ+N- ,+NGG+ ,JxK )N-KG+2J,FJL ,xK2NGG J2 -*2P w y( wu $+*2PN2 NJ2 ~yNPJN ^yG,*2L J,+ (N2JLN- yNHz22+ [JN ,+2PJLN2 ^P,0-/+J02,[N,0-/+J02,!0-L2 LN MK-N2 * NJ2N- !N-LN-*2L PN, ]zH+N-JN2 *2P !J-N2+-z2,/0-+N, LNLN2yN- PNEGJNLN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ PN, z,,N-, MzxK,/-zxKGJxK zG, ^y,+z2P,LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ yN NJxK2N+ PJN zG, !N-LN-*2L,MzH+0- z2LNLNyN2 (J-P [JN,N- Hz22 FJ+KJGMN NJ2NDGNJxK*2L yN-NxK2N+ (N-PN2 (N22 PN- !N-+NJG*2L,H0NdJJN2+ )02 ]zH+N-JN2 *2P !J-N2 JF D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- yNHz22+ J,+ >z++KN,, *2P 'NHPNLN- pqt ^GGN-PJ2L, J,+ PJN ]JGP*2L )02 ]J0XGFN2 * yNzxK+N2 PJN PJN *)N-G,,JLHNJ+ ,0GxKN- !N-+NJ G*2L,H0NdJJN2+N2 J2 E-zLN ,+NGGN2 ]NJ ^y,+z2P,LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+N2 *2+N- F#zL ,+NGGN2 ,JxK ,xKNJ2yz-N ^P,0-/ +J02,LGNJxKLN(JxK+N NJ2 CKN-N ^y,+z2P,LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+N2 )N-LN-2 PN2 #-z2, /0-+ PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 2PN-*2LN2 PN- /K,JH0xKNFJ,xKN2 >JGJN*yNPJ2L*2 LN2 )0- zGGNF PJN ^y2zKFN PN- B02N2,+-HN PN, D-*2P(z,,N-, MK-N2 *- [N,0-/ +J02 [JN #-z2,/0-+)N-LN-*2L )02 ]zH+N-JN2 )0- zGGNF zyN- )02 !J-N2 N-KK+ (z2L,G*XL PJN !N-(NJGPz*N- PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 JF D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- [z P*-xK (N-PN2 NJ+zyK2LJLN ^y,+N-yN *2P B2zH+J)JN-*2L,/-0N,,N yN,xKGN*2JL+ [JN ENGP)N-,*xKN yN,++JLN2 PJN Z-KK*2L PN- ^P,0-/+J02 yNJ 2JNP-JLN2 /C N-+N2 *2P [N,0-/+J02 JF zGHzGJ,xKN2 >JGJN* EN-2N- +-J++ NJ2N *2zKFN PN- ^P,0-/+J02 )02 ]zH+N-JN2 *2P !J-N2 FJ+ ,+NJLN2PNF ENJ2H0-2LNKzG+ NJ2 ]zH+N-JN2 yN,J+N2 JF !N- LGNJxK * !J-N2 PJN EKJLHNJ+ *- zH+J)N2 ^2KNM+*2L z2 @0-20yN-VxKN2 ~yN- PJN,N !0-L2LN J,+ yNJ K*Fz2/z+K0LN2N2 ]zH+N-JN2 J2 D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 (N2JL yNHz22+
qsr #-w2,/0-+/-0N,,N *2P EJG+N-(J-H*2L [JN #-z2,/0-+FLGJxKHNJ+ PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 (J-P P*-xK >J2PN,+L-N2 PN- '0 -N2 *2P D-N PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 yN,+JFF+ D-N2)N-LGNJxKN NJLN2 INP0xK Pz,, P*-xK FNxKz2J,xKN EJG+N-)0-L2LN #NJGxKN2 J2 PN- D-N )02 ]zH+N-JN2 *2P !J-N2 J2 $z2PN2 *2P @JN,N2 2JxK+ 0PN- 2JxK+ )0GG,+2PJL *-xHLNKzG+N2 (N-PN2 ~yN- PN2 'z-+JHNG+-z2,/0-+ )02 ]zH+N-JN2 *2P !J-N2 JF '0-N2-z*F J,+ (N2JLNyNHz22+ zG, yN- PN2IN2JLN2 )02 EN,+,+0d/z-+JHNG2 ]N-NxK2*2LN2 0PN- ^y,xK+ *2LN2 ,J2P ,xK(JN-JL (NJG ]zH+N-JN2 FJ+ z2PN-N2 ]zH+N-JN2 PN- NJLN2N2 0PN- M-NF PN- $/NJN, 0PN- FJ+ C*F*,,+0dN2 y( z2PN-N2 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $*y,+z2N2 ] '0 GFN-N PN- NGG0yN-VxKN2 zLL-NLJN-N2 *2P ,0 (N,N2+GJxK L-N-N '0-N2P*-xKFN, ,N- N-M0-PN-2 EN-2N- H22N2 ,JN ,JxK zH+J) (N22 ,JN FJ+ EJFy-JN2 z*,LN,+z++N+ ,J2P z2 @0-20yN-VxKN2 z2KNM+N2
tv ~yN-GNyN2,NJ+ /z+K0LN2N- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2
vwv
!N-LGNJxKN (J,xKN2 PN- EJG+N-(J-H*2L LNLN2yN- Z x0GJ *2P LGNJxK L-0N2 NyN2 MzGG, 2NLz+J) LNGzPN2N2 @z0GJ2J++NJGxKN2 k w KF D-N KzyN2 N-LNyN2 Pz,, #02 /z-+JHNG *-xHLNKzG+N2 (N-PN2 (K-N2P Z x0GJ )JNG ,+-HN- zG, +KN0-N+J,xK * N- (z-+N2 (-N JF EJG+N-zyGz*M 2zxKLN(JN,N2 (N-PN2 [N- D-*2P J,+ z*N- ^LL-NLz+J02 P*-xK EJGzFN2+N *2P $xKGNJFz*,,xKNJP*2L FLGJxKN-(NJ,N PJN zH+J)N >0yJGJ++ PN- ]zH+N-JN2 PJN yNJ HGNJ2N2 [*-xKFN,,N-2 PN- '0-N2-*FN (J-H,zF ,NJ2 Hz22 [JN ZJLN2yN(NL*2L PN- ]zH+N-JN2 J,+ J2(J,xKN2 z*, PNF !N-KzG+N2 J2 ]J0XGFN2 yNHz22+ (02zxK ]zH+N-JN2 ,+2PJL z*, PNF ]J0XGF zyLN,02PN-+ (N-PN2 *F 2N*N M-NJN EGxKN2 PN, EJG+N-Fz+N-JzG, * yN,JNPNG2 C0KN ^2Mz2L,H02N2+-z+J02N2 MK-N2 * NJ2N- @0zL*GJN-*2L *2P yN,,N-N2 EJG +N-(J-H*2L zG, 2JNP-JLN ^2Mz2L,H02N2+-z+J02N2 [JN, N-KK+ PJN ^y2zKFN PN- -N Gz+J)N2 EJG+N-(J-H*2L FJ+ *2NKFN2PN- Z2+MN-2*2L B2 KN+N-0LN2N2 D-*2P(z,,N- GNJ+N-2 H0FF+ N, * NJ2NF #-z2,/0-+ 2*- J2 L*+ P*-xKG,,JLN2 D-0/0-N2,,+NFN2 [JN EJG+N-FNxKz2J,FN2 ,J2P z*N-PNF )02 KP-z*GJ,xKN2 DNLNyN2KNJ+N2 EGJN LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ *2P -JxK+*2L zyK2LJL EzGG, PJN,N ,JxK 2PN-2 H0FF+ N, N-2N*+ * NJ2NF @NJF+-z2,/0-+ B2 PN2 N-(K2+N2 !N-,*xK,MNGPN-2 H022+N2 PN,KzGy 2zxK s #zLN2 J2 PN2 ]N0yzxK+*2L,y-*22N2 ]zH+N-JN2 2zxKLN(JN,N2 (N-PN2 [JN, yN PN*+N+ Pz,, Gz2LN NJ+ MN,+LNKzG+N2N ]zH+N-JN2 yNJ ,JxK 2PN-2PN- KP-z*GJ,xKN- $J +*z+J02 -NF0yJGJ,JN-+ (N-PN2 B2 '0-N2L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 (N-PN2 JF ^GGLNFNJ2N2 LN-J2LN-N FJ++GN-N ^y,+z2P, LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+N2 k F#zL 2*- -+GJxK yJ, FNK-N-N F#zL zG, J2 @G*M+ *2P @z-,+L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 yJ, q F#zL y( ws F#zL yN0yzxK+N+ B2 PN2 @G*M+ *2P @z-,+L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 J,+ PN,KzGy FJ+ N-KK+N- [J,/N-,J)J++ *2P [J, /N-,J02 * -NxK2N2 PJN * NJ2N- ,+-HN-N2 !N-P22*2L PN- !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 J2 PJN,N2 ]0PN2z-+N2 MK-+
qsq EJG+-w+J02 vNJ Yw*N-vNGw,+*2L ]NJ NJ2N- [z*N-yNGz,+*2L NJ2N, D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-, P*-xK "MN-XG+-z+J02 ^y(z,,N- NJ2GNJ+*2L J2 PN2 "2+N-L-*2P 0PN- ^y(z,,N-)N--JN,NG*2L yJGPN+ ,JxK yN,02PN-, z2 PN- D-N2VxKN z,,N-$NPJFN2+ K2GJxK (JN z2 PN- JH-0yJ0G0LJN PN, z,,N-,
PN,KzGy yNJ K0KN2 ]zH+N-JN2@02N2+-z+J02N2 * ^LL-NLz+yJGP*2LN2 ,0 Pz,, PNL-+N #NJG PN- ]zH+N-JN2 J2 *2FJ++NGyz-N- =KN PN- ZJ2LzyNy-*22N2 MN,+LNKzG+N2 (*-PN ZJ2N ^yPJxK+*2L PN- $NPJFN2+0yN-VxKN X2PN+ J2 0GJL0+-0/KN2 ,,N-2 2*- Gz2L ,zF ,+z++ J-P PJN zH+J)N D-N2VxKN N-,+-+ ] P*-xK ^*,+-0xH2*2L 0PN- ^y +-zL*2L ,0 N-M0GLN2 @NJFP*-xKy-xKN PJN N-,+ 2zxK NJ2JLN- NJ+ *-xHLNKN2 ZJ2 ,0GxKN- EzGG (*-PN J2 PN2 "$^ P0H*FN2+JN-+ %z2PzGG pr $0 LNGz2L+N2 ]zH +N-JN2 )0F zy(z,,N-yNGz,+N+N2 $*,.*NKz22zEG*,, J2 PN2 s F N2+MN-2+N2 z,,N- (N-H,y-*22N2 2zxKPNF PJN,N- J2 PN2 )0-z2LNLz2LN2N2 p AzK-N2 0K2N FJH-0yJNGGN $+-*2LN2 yN+-JNyN2 (0-PN2 (z- [JN "-,zxKN (z- NJ2N !N-+JNM*2L PN, EG*,,yN++N, yJ, * yN,,N- P*-xKG,,JLN2 LN0G0LJ,xKN2 $xKJxK+N2 Z, J,+ JFFN- FJ+ N-KK+N2 N-+N PN- @]Z J2 ,02,+ NJ2(z2PM-NJN2 ]-*22N2 * -NxK2N2 (N22 PJN 0yN-,+N $xKJxK+ PN"MN-02N ] P*-xK ]zLLN-z-yNJ+N2 )N-GN++ (J-P ZJ2 ^y,+z2P PN, ]-*22N2, )02 t F )0F "MN- -NJxK+ 2*- Pz22 z*, (N22 ,JxK NJ2N J2+zH+N yJ0G0LJ,xK (J-H,zFN $xKJxK+ z2 PN- D-N2,xKJxK+ (J,xKN2 z,,N- *2P ]0PN2 z*,yJGPN+ $NK- Gz2LN FJ+ ^y(z,,N- yNGz,+N+N EJG+N-z2GzLN2 NJLN2 Z-FP*2L,N-,xKNJ2*2LN2 PJN )0- zGGNF z*M PJN ^2K*M*2L )02 +0J,xKN2 $+0d(NxK,NG/-0P*H+N2 PN- >JH-0 0-Lz2J,FN2 *-xH*MK-N2 ,J2P "FLNHNK-+ Hz22 P*-xK J2+N-FJ++JN-N2PN z,,N- yN,xKJxH*2L PN- $z*N-,+0dLNKzG+ J2 $z2PXG+N-z2GzLN2 N-KK+ *2P PJN EJG+N-GNJ,+*2L LN,+NJLN-+ (N-PN2
qsp $uK*+02N2 [JN >LGJxKHNJ+N2 !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 *2P ,02,+JLN ]NNJ2+-xK+JL*2LN2 PN, z,,N-, P*-xK ^*MyN-NJ+*2L * N2+MN-2N2 0PN- *2(J-H,zF * FzxKN2 ,J2P 2zxKKzG+JL 2*J2 NJ2NF >*G+J]z--JN-N2$,+NF FLGJxK ,JNKN @z/ p [JN, LJG+ )0- zGGNF yNJ *2 )0-KN-LN,NKN2N2 0PN- yNJ H*-M-J,+JL NJ2+-N+N2PN2 2PN-*2LN2 PN- z,,N-yN,xKzM MN2KNJ+ [N,(NLN2 ,J2P )02 )0-2KN-NJ2 !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 *2P ,02,+JLN ]NNJ2+-xK +JL*2LN2 )0F %0K(z,,N- MN-2 * KzG+N2 "F PJN, * LN(K-GNJ,+N2 J,+ PJN ZJ2-JxK +*2L )02 z,,N-,xK*+LNyJN+N2 N-M0-PN-GJxK ,JNKN ^y,xK2 pw "FMz,,N2PN ?J+N-z+*-,+*PJN2 LNJNG+N ?zy0-z+0-J*F,)N-,*xKN *2P J2,yN,02PN-N PJN Z-LNy2J,,N PN- +KN0-N+J,xKN2 *2P N/N-JFN2+NGGN2 E0-,xK*2L,z-yNJ+N2 J2 PN2 u D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 [0-2zxK >N-PJ2LN2 CzG+N-2 *2P $NLNyN-LN- E0-,+ ,0(JN IzK-NK2+NGz2LN z,,N-(N-H,N-MzK-*2LN2 KzyN2 PJN @N22+2J,,N yN- PJN 'N-,J,+N2 )02 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 *2P JK-N2 #-z2,/0-+ J2 D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 (N,N2+GJxK N-(NJ +N-+ D-*2P(z,,N-LN(J22*2L *2P ]NFN,,*2L,L-N )02 #-J2H(z,,N-,xK*+LNyJN+N2 ,J2P PzP*-xK z*M NJ2N (J,,N2,xKzM+GJxK M*2PJN-+N ]z,J, LN,+NGG+ (0-PN2 $JN N-FLGJxK+ yNL-2PN+N $JxKN-KNJ+,Fz2zKFN2 *2P )N-yJ2PGJxKN %JxK+GJ2JN2 M- PJN z,,N-LN (J22*2L *2P PN2 z,,N-(N-H,yN+-JNy $JN ,0GG *2P F*,, PJN D-*2PGzLN M- PJN EN,+ ,N+*2L PN- $xK*+02N2 ,NJ2 [JN %NJ2JL*2L,(J-H*2L PN, "2+N-L-*2PN, Hz22 KJ2 ,JxK+GJxK PN- NJ2NG2N2 '-0N,,N FJ+ CJGMN )02 >0PNGG-NxK2*2LN2 N-Mz,,+ (N-PN2 ,0 Pz,, PJN ]NPN*+*2L PN- NJ2NG2N2 !0-L2LN J2 PN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 D-*2P(z,,N- GNJ+N-+/N2 zyLN,xK++ (N-PN2 Hz22 ^*, PN- '-zJ, *2P PN2 Z-LNy2J,,N2 PN- ENGP)N-,*xKN J,+ * M0GLN-2 Pz,, PJN t#zLN?J2JN M- PN2 ,N*xKN2KLJN2J,xKN2 D-*2P(z,,N-,xK*+ yNJ zGG PN2IN2JLN2 D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 2JxK+ z*,-NJxK+ M- PJN L*+N $0-/+J02,yNPJ2L*2LN2 2JxK+ )0-
tv ~yN-GNyN2,NJ+ /z+K0LN2N- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2
vwt
z*,*,N+N2 ,J2P ] @z-,+L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- 0PN- D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- J2 DN,+NJ2N2 FJ+ @GM+N2 (NJ+N- d2*2L [z-z*, J,+ * M0GLN-2 Pz,, PJN $xK*+02N BB 2NyN2 PN- DN(K-GNJ,+*2L NJ2N- D-*2P(z,,N-z*MN2+KzG+,Pz*N- )02 t #zLN2 yNJ '0-N2 L-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 z*xK 20xK NJ2N ^*,PNK2*2L )02 FJ2PN,+N2, F J2 yNL-2 PN+N2 ^*,2zKFNMGGN2 t F *2P FzJFzG F N-KzG+N2 ,0GG+N B2 D-*2P(z, ,N-GNJ+N-2 FJ+ ,NK- L-0N2 C0KG-*FN2 ,0GG+N PJN ^*,PNK2*2L JF ZJ2NGMzGG MN,+LNGNL+ (N-PN2 [JN,N [JFN2,J02N2 P-M+N2 J2 PN- '-zJ, (NJ+z*, PJN FNJ,+N2 EGGN PN$xK*+LNyJN+,MN,+GNL*2LN2 zyPNxHN2
qso [wH+N-JN2 J2 w,,N-MJG+N-2 FJ+ H-2JLNF >w+N-JwG [JN ]zH+N-JN2 *2+N-GJNLN2 (K-N2P PN- EJG+-z+J02 NJ2N- !JNGzKG )02 NxK,NG(J- H*2LN2 "F PN2 ZJ2V*,, PN- FJH-0yJNGGN2 EG0-z * yN,+JFFN2 ,J2P "2+N-,*xK*2 LN2 z2 >0PNGGXG+N-2 N-M0-PN-GJxK PJN ,JxK *- CN-,+NGG*2L LGNJxKN- $+z-+yNPJ2L*2LN2 z*xK ,+N-JGJ,JN-N2 Gz,,N2 N-2JxHN pp EJG+N-Fz+N-JzGJN2 (z-N2 ^H+J)H0KGN &*z-,z2P *2P $J2+N-LGz, !N-LGJxKN2 (*-PN2 PJN Z-LNy2J,,N z*, yN,JNPNG+N2 *2P 2JxK+ yN,JNPNG+N2 ,+N-JGN2 EJG+N-,,+NFN2 ^G, ]zH+N-JN2,+FFN (*-PN2 LN(KG+o Z x0GJ ?NLJ02NGGz /2N*F0/KJGz *2P ',N*P0F02z, zN-*LJ20,z [JN #N,+,+FFN H022+N2 ,JxK 2*- J2 )0-KN- ,+N-JGJ,JN-+N2 EJG+N-2 2JxK+ zyN- J2 yN-NJ+, yN,JNPNG+N2 EJG+N-z2GzLN2 zG, yJ0+0/M-NFPN 0PNGGXG+N-2 2zxK(NJ,yz- ', V*0-N,xN2, J,+ zF ,xK2NGG,+N2 z*, PN- EJG+N-z2GzLN NGJFJ2JN-+ (0- PN2 ZJ2N %0GGN ,/JNG+N Pz, )N-(N2PN+N EJG+N-Fz+N-JzG ^*, PNF ^H+J)H0KGNXG+N- (*- PN2 PJN #N,+,+FFN J2 PN- H-N,+N2 NJ+ N2+MN-2+ BF $J2+N-LGz,XG+N- yN-GNy+N2 ,JN zF G2L,+N2 >J+ IN NJ2NF PN- v LN2z22+N2 ]zH+N-JN2,+FFN J,+ INPN PN- EJG+N- z-+N2 FJ+ N+(z @]Z yNJF/M+ (0-PN2 [JN NJ+ yJ, JF EJG+N-zyGz*M @]Z /-0 FG 2zxK(NJ,yz- (z- yN+-*L M- ', zN-*LJ20,z (J,xKN2 u ^@0KGN *2P s #zLN2 $J2+N-LGz, M- Z x0GJ (J,xKN2 r *2P u #zLN2 *2P M- ? /2N*F0/KJGz (J,xKN2 *2P wt #zLN2 [JN, yN,++JL+ M-KN-N ]N0yzxK+*2LN2 Pz,, z-+JXJNGG *LNLNyN2N Z x0GJ *2P ',N* P0F02zPN2 J2 ^H+J)H0KGNXG+N-2 )02 z*+0xK+K02N2 ]zH+N-JN2 )N-P-2L+ (N-PN2 *2P zy,+N-yN2 ZyN2,0 H022+N J2 Cz*,KzG+,XG+N-2 FJ+ ^H+J)H0KGN HNJ2N !N-FNK-*2L )02 Z x0GJ MN,+LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2 EJ0-N *2P ]zyJ2Nz* prrn A0K2,+02 *2P ]*-+ prs ^G, (JxK+JL,+N EzH+0-N2 M- PJN ZGJFJ2JN-*2L *LN,N++N- ]zH+N-JN2 z*, NJ2NF EJG+N-,,+NF F,,N2 PJN ^*,,xKNJP*2LN2 J2KJyJ+0-J,xKN- $*y,+z2N2 *2P PJN @02 H*--N2 *F =K-,+0dN z2LN,NKN2 (N-PN2 B2 ^2yN+-zxK+ PN- -NGz+J) LN-J2LN2 ]N ,JNPG*2L PN- EJG+N-Fz+N-JzGJN2 FJ+ ]zH+N-JN2 PN- z*+0xK+K02N2 EG0-z (JN N, NGNH+ -02N20/+J,xKN [z-,+NGG*2LN2 yN,++JLN2 H0FF+ PN- >J+yN(N-y*2L *F %z*F 2*NJ2N *2+N-LN0-P2N+N ]NPN*+*2L * NPJN2 2zxKLN(JN,N2 JH-0yJ0G0LJN PN, z,,N-,
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*2P )02 PN- Hz*F * N--NJxKN2PN2 LGNJxKFJLN2 \Kz-LN2&*zGJ++ KN- J2 PN- %NLNG ,NGy,+ M- D-0)N-y-z*xKN- 2JxK+ FNK- G0K2N2P *2NKFN2P ,+NKN2 zyN- z*xK PJN z*M PJN,N2 D-*2P,*y,+-z+N2 z*MLNyz*+N2 M- PJN ,/NJX,xKN xK+*2L )02 >JH-0 0-Lz2J,FN2 *2P JK-N yJ0xKNFJ,xKN '-M*2L yN(K-+N2 $*y,+-z+N J2 NJ2(z2PM-NJN&*zGJ++ PN2 ?zy0-z+0-JN2 JF Cz2PNG *- !N-ML*2L #-0+ *2NKFN2PN- !N-y-NJ+*2L )02 EN-+JL/-0P*H+N2 *2P $*y,+-z+N2 (N-PN2 z*, )N-,xKJNPN2N2 D-2PN2 J2 PJzL20,+J,xKN2 ?zy0-z+0-JN2 NJ2NG2N 0PN- FNK-N-N =K- FNPJN2 ,NGy,+ KN-LN,+NGG+ !JNGN yJ0G0LJ,xKN =K-yPN2*+z+N277 Gz,,N2 ,JxK 2**2LN2LN2P ,+z2Pz-PJ,JN-N2 *2P *2+N-GJNLN2 J2 JK-N- *,zFFN2,N+*2L FNK- 0PN(N2JLN- L-0N2 $xK(z2H*2LN2 [N,KzGy ,J2P *- &*zGJ++,H02+-0GGN yNJ INPN- \Kz-LN %NMN-N2,+FFN NJ2*,N+N2 ^Lz-^Lz- NJ2N LN+-0xHN2+N KP-0/KJGN z*, $NNzGLN2 LN(022N2N @0GG0JP,*y ,+z2 NJL+ IN 2zxK "-,/-*2L,LNyJN+ "2+N-,xKJNPN N+(z JF DNKzG+ z2 $zGN2 0PN]zH+N-JN2 J2 JK-NF $xKFNG *2P Z-,+z--/*2H+ *2P J2 JK-N- DNGJN-MKJLHNJ+ [JN NJ2NG2N2 $0-+N2 *2+N-GJNLN2 NJ2N- Gz*MN2PN2 @02+-0GGN *2P Gz,,N2 KJ2,JxK+GJxK JK-NDNG,+zyJGJ++ y( DNGJN-H-zM+ NJ2N (NJ+LNKN2PN @02,+z2 N-(z-+N2 [N,KzGy ,0GG+N2 M- LGNJxKN =K-y0PN2z-+N2 FLGJxK,+ JFFN- PJN LGNJxKN2 ^Lz-,0-+N2 )N-(N2PN+ (N-PN2 ~yGJxKN ^Lz-H02N2+-z+J02N2 ,J2P M MN,+N =K-yPN2 ww; Az/z2^Lz- y( v; =N*,NNGz2P^Lz-n KzGyMN,+N =K-yPN2 t; Az/z2^Lz- y( tv; =N*,NNGz2P^Lz- 'N/+02N ,J2P z*, NJ(NJKzG+JLNF >z+N-JzG ] EGNJ,xK \z,NJ2 $0Izy0K2N2 *,( FJ++NG, N2Fz+J,xKN- CP-0G,N KN-LN,+NGG+N '-0P*H+N PJN ZJ(NJPN-J)z+N (JN '0 G/N/+JPN [J/N/+JPN *2P ^FJ20,*-N2 N2+KzG+N2 BK-N *,zFFN2,N+*2L K2L+ )0F )N-(N2PN+N2 %0K,+0d *2P )02 PN- ^-+ JK-N- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L zyn PNFN2+,/-NxKN2P J,+ PN- ^2(N2P*2L,yN-NJxK PN- NJ2NG2N2 $0-+N2 )N-,xKJNPN2 ZJ2N (NJ+LNKN2PN @02 ,+z2 PN- &*zGJ++ ,N++ PJN '-0P*H+J02 J2 L-0N2 >N2LN2 *2P PJN >J,xK*2L )N- ,xKJNPN2N- CN-,+NGG*2L,xKz-LN2 )0-z*, [JN (JxK+JL,+N2 E0-PN-*2LN2 z2 'N/+02N ,J2P JK-N )GGJLN ?,GJxKHNJ+ J2 z,,N- *2P NJ2 /C PN- ?,*2L (J,xKN2 t *2P r E- ,/NJNGGN (NxHN (N-PN2 *,+GJxK LN,02PN-+N ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 LNM0-PN-+ (JN ] E-NJ,NJ2 )02 @0KGN2KP-z+N2 yNJ !N-(N2P*2L M- @0KGN2KP-z+,/zG+*2L,+N,+, Pz, LN(K2GJxK @0KGN2KP-z+N N2+KzG+N2PN $0IzFNKG/N/+02 J,+ PzKN- M- PJN,N #N,+, 2JxK+ LNNJL2N+ 0PN- #-/+0/Kz2LNKzG+ yNJ ]N2*+*2L *- B2P0G-NzH+J02 ,02,+ F*,, PJN,N $*y,+z2 LN,02PN-+ *LNML+ (N-PN2 EGNJ,xKN+-zH+ M- yzH+N-J0G0LJ,xKN (NxHN (J-P z*, FzLN-NF %J2PVNJ,xK KN- LN,+NGG+ [JN B2KzG+,,+0dN *F #NJG zyLNyz*+N ZJ(NJ,*y,+z2N2 *2P z2PN-N, (z, ,N-G,GJxKN, >z+N-JzG ,J2P 2*- (N2JL PNX2JN-yz- [JN @0G02JNzKG ,0GG 2JNP-JL @0K GN2KP-z+N ,0GGN2 2JxK+ )0-Kz2PN2 ,NJ2 CNMNN+-zH+ (J-P z*, z*+0G,JN-+N- CNMN KN-LN,+NGG+ [zyNJ ,0GGN2 PJN +KN-F0GzyJGN2 $*y,+z2N2 J2,yN,02PN-N !J+zFJ2N PN, ]@0F/GNN, N-KzG+N2 yGNJyN2 CNMNN+-zH+ Kz+ 2NyN2 'N/+02 LN(K2GJxK NJ2N2 K0KN2 @0KGN2KP-z+ *2P =z\GDNKzG+ ?N+ +N-N- Pz-M t; 2JxK+ yN-,+NJLN2 CNMNN+-zH+ J,+ (NLN2 PN, @0KGN2KP-z+LNKzG+N, *2LNNJL2N+ zG, *,z+ * EN-FN2+z+J02,+N,+,*y,+-z+N2 E- PJN ]N,xKJxH*2L )02 %K-xKN2 FJ+ LGNJxKN2 !0G*FJ2z ,J2P ^yMGG,/-J+N2 [J,/N2,JN-z//z-z+N *,( LNNJL2N+ PJN FJ++NG, NJ2N, $xKGz*xKN, PJN NJ2LN,+NGG+N >N2LN z*, PNF ^2,z+LNM ,z*LN2 =K-yPN2 FJ+ LNGJN-N2PN2 *,+N2 (N-PN2 PzyNJ
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*2P (JNPN-*F z2PN-N (JN > L0-P02zN > +N--zN *2P > )zxxzN N+-NF ,NG+N2 0PN2JN J2 Z-,xKNJ2*2L [z, $/NH+-*F PN- )02 z+/J,xKN2 >H0yzH+N-JN2 yNJF >N2 ,xKN2 KN-)0-LN-*MN2N2 Z-H-z2H*2LN2 -NJxK+ )02 B2MNH+J02N2 PN- Cz*+ NJxK+NJGN *2P ?F/KH20+N2 yN- +*yN-H*G0,NK2GJxKN ?*2LN2J2MNH+J02N2 yJ, KJ2 * PJ,,N FJ2JN-+N2 zGGN NJ,+ F,,N2 * PJN,NF (NxH yN- )JNGN >02z+N KJ2(NL >NK-MzxKH0FyJ2z+J02N2 )02 #*yN-H*G0,NFNPJHzFN2+N2 FJ+ *F #NJG +0 J,xKN2 =NyN2(J-H*2LN2 NJ2LN20FFN2 (N-PN2 [N- Z-Py0PN2 N2+KG+ NJ2N L-N-N zKG 2zxK FJH-0,H0/J,xKN2 "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 N+(z w yJ, t >H0yzH+N-JN2 /-0 L *2P z*xK NJ2 y-NJ+N, $/NH+-*F z2 >H0 yzH+N-JN2 Z- (J-P PN,KzGy )02 NJ2JLN2 ^*+0-N2 zG, PN- NJLN2+GJxK 2z+-GJxKN $+z2P0-+ z2LN,NKN2 ]NJF H*G+*-NGGN2 =zxK(NJ, Hz22 PJN B,0GJN-*2L,-z+N ,+z-H )02 PN- CN- H*2M+ PN- ]0PN2/-0yN2 zyK2LN2 ^*, zGPyPN2 FJ+ /C N-+N2 (J,xKN2 wp *2P us Gz,,N2 ,JxK 2*- -NGz+J) (N2JLN $+FFN J,0GJN-N2 (K-N2P NJ2N ,xK(zxK ,z*-N %NzH+J02 /C u yJ, s NJ2N2 M-PN-2PN2 ZJ2V*,, z*M Pz, !0-H0FFN2 )02 >H0 yzH+N-JN2 J2 ]PN2 *2P >00-yJ0+0/N2 * KzyN2 ,xKNJ2+ =z+-GJxKN F*x0,*F FJ+ xKz-zH+N-J,+J,xKN- NGG(z2PGJ/JP*,zFFN2,N+ *2L yN-JxK+N+ (J-P PJN J2 N-PG)N-,N*xK+NF z-H+J,xKNF >NN-(z,,N- )N-y-NJ+N+ *2P FJ+ JK-N2 $+0d(NxK,NGM*2H+J02N2 z2 #NF/N-z+*-N2 *2+N-KzGy )02 \ z2LN/z,,+ J,+ B2 PN2 pqN-AzK-N2 (*-PN yNHz22+ Pz,, z*xK z*MyN-NJ+N+N, #-J2H *2P ?NJ+*2L, (z,,N- MzH*G+z+J) /z+K0LN2N >H0yzH+N-JN2 N2+KzG+N2 Hz22 ZJ2JLN MzH*G+z+J) /z +K0LN2N ^-+N2 (JN > Hz2,z,JJ *2P > N20/J (*-PN2 z*N-KzGy PN, FN2,xKGJxKN2 0PN- +JN-J,xKN2 DN(NyN, N-,+FzG, *2P yJ, KN*+N Mz,+ z*,,xKGJNGJxK J2 #-J2H(z,,N2zxKLN(JN,N2 ZJ2N ^2zKG )02 "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 (*-PN *PNF )N-dN2+GJxK+ J2 PN2N2 #-J2H *2P ?NJ+*2L,(z,,N- zG, &*NGGN M- LNK*M+N B2MNH+J02N2 P*-xK z+/J,xKN >H0yzH+N-JN2 yN,xK-JNyN2 (*-PN
ts NJ+N-N /z+K0LN2N ]zH+N-JN2 JF z,,N-
vqt
BF %zKFN2 )02 LNJNG+N2 "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 $xK*GN%yyNHN N+ zG ppr ,J2P z*, ,NxK, z,,N-(N-HN2 ppu >H0yzH+N-JN2,+FFN z*, z,,N-/-0yN2 J,0GJN-+ *2P PJdN-N2JN-+ (0-PN2 r *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN >H0yzH+N-JN2,/NJN, GJNN2 ,JxK NJ2PN*+JL JPN2+JXJN-N2 $NxK, PJN,N- $/NJN, > xKNG02zN > L0-P02zN > KJyN-2JzN > Hz2 ,z,JJ > F*x0LN2Jx*F *2P > /N-NL-J2*F H022+N2 FJ++NG, '\%%N,+-JH+J02,z2z G,N '%^ J2 )N-,xKJNPN2N $*y+/N2 *2+N-+NJG+ (N-PN2 [JN yNJPN2 '%^$*y+/N2 PJN yNJ PN2 B,0Gz+N2 PN- $/NJN, > xKNG02zN *2+N-,xKJNPN2 (*-PN2 H022+N2 FJ+KJGMN PN, ?J2N '-0yN ^,,z, J2 (NJ+N-N ?J'^$*y+/N2 *2+N-+NJG+ (N-PN2 [JN zG, > ,JFJzNGJHN77 yNNJxK2N+N D-*//N N+-NF Gz2L,zF(zxK,N2PN- B,0Gz+N GJN ,JxK HNJ2N- yJ,KN- yNHz22+N2 >H0yzH+N-JN2z-+ *0-P2N2 *2P )N-ML+ yN- C Ce *2P @N+0>H0G,*-N2 J2 PN2 NGG(2PN2 \KNF0+z020FJ,xK (NJ,N2 ,JN NJ2N !N-(z2P+,xKzM+ * PN2 $/NJN, > LN2z)N2,N > J2+N-FNPJ*F > GN2+JVz)*F > FzGF0N2,N *2P > ,JFJzN z*M ^*xK FJ++NG, s$-[=^$N.*N2JN-*2L (*-PN NJ2N N2LN /KG0LN2N+J,xKN !N-(z2P+,xKzM+ FJ+ PJN,N2 $/NJN, yN,++JL+ =zxK KN*+JLNF J,,N2 ,J2P M0GLN2PN ^*,,zLN2 FLGJxKo >H0yzH+N-JN2 ,J2P FJ+ LNNJL2N+N2 "2+N-,*xK*2L,FN+K0PN2 J2 qp; PNH0yzH+N-JN2H02N2+-z+J02 *F N+(z (NJ ?0L$+*MN2 DGNJxKNJ+JL ,J2H+ PJN =zxK(NJ,-z+N z*M N+(z rt; BF ?z*MN PN- z2,xKGJNN2PN2 !N-+NJG*2L PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, JF %0K-2N+ H0FF+ N, * NJ2NF JNPN-z2,+JNL PN- >H0yzH+N-JN2H02N2+-z+J02N2 z*M PJN ^*,Lz2L,(N-+N JF %0K(z,,N- Z, Mz2P ,JxK yJ,KN- HNJ2 /K,JHzGJ,xKN- xKNFJ,xKN- 0PN- FJH-0yJ0G0LJ,xKN- 'z -zFN+N- PN- J2 z,,N-/-0yN2 J2 2N22N2,(N-+N- NJ,N FJ+ PN- >H0yzH+N-JN2 H02N2+-z+J02 H0--NGJN-+ CJ2,JxK+GJxK PN, !0-H0FFN2, )02 >H0yzH+N-JN2 yNJ *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 z,,N- +NF/N-z+*-N2 *2P /C N-+N2 yN,+NKN2 H0yzH+N-JN2,/NH+-*F )0- PN- #-J2H(z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L *2+N-,xKNJPN+ ,JxK FNJ,+ PN*+GJxK )02 PNFIN2JLN2 Pz2zxK ZJ2JLN >H0yzH+N-JN2,/NJN, (JN > Hz2 ,z,JJ > N20/J *2P > GN2+JVz)*F ,J2P ,0Lz- zG, z*,LN,/-0xKN2N #-J2H(z,,N- ,/NJzGJ,+N277 z2*,NKN2 *,zFFN2 FJ+ PN2 .*z2+J+z+J)N2 ]NM*2PN2 ,/-NxKN2 PJN ,N #z+,zxKN2 M- NJ2N !N-FNK-*2L PN- JF #-J2H(z,,N- 2zxK(NJ,yz-N2 >H0yzH +N-JN2 (K-N2P *2P 2zxK PN- #-J2H(z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L [JN FNJ,+N2 PN- J2 [N*+,xKGz2P JF #-J2H(z,,N- 2zxK(NJ,yz-N2 >H0yzH+N-JN2 ,J2P -NGz+J) Kz-FG0,N2 ^-+N2 (JN > xKNG02zN > L0-P02zN > F*x0LN2Jx*F *2P > /N-NL-J2*F **0-P2N2 ^*xK MzH*G+z+J) /z+K0LN2N ^-+N2 (JN > z)J*F > J2+-zxNGG*Gz-N > Hz2,z,JJ > GN2+JVz)*F *2P > N20/J ,J2P )N-+-N+N2 (0yNJ * HG-N2 yGNJy+ 0y N, ,JxK KJN-yNJ *F K*XL zG, @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN- z*M+-N+N2PN $*y+/N2 Kz2PNG+ BF EzGGN )02 > Hz2,z,JJ (*-PN PN- zF K*XL,+N2 z*, 'z+JN2+N2 J,0GJN-+N $*y+/ J2 #-J2H(z,,N-/-0yN2 yJ,Gz2L 2JxK+ 2zxKLN(JN,N2 "2yNHz22+ J,+ (NGxKN >z2zKFN2 ,JxK yNJ LNK*M+N2 Z-H-z2H*2L,MGGN2 *- %N P*H+J02 PN- >H0yzH+N-JN2H02N2+-z+J02 JF #-J2H(z,,N- NJL2N2 [JN [N,J2MNH +J02 FJ+ \KG0- *2P \KG0-PJ0JP J,+ J2 PN2 yGJxKN2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 J2NdNH+J)
vqs
t >JH-0yJ0G0LJN PN, z,,N-,
H0yzH+N -JN2)N-FNK-*2L H0FFN2 Hz22 ^2 PN2 D-N2VxKN2 (J,xKN2 z,,N- *2P ?*M+ N2+,+NKN2 ]J0XGFN P*-xK PJN ^2-NJxKN-*2L KP-0/K0yN- $*y,+z2N2 *2P >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 ^*xK J2 PN- =z+*G,,+ ,JxK z2 PN-z-+JLN2 D-N2VxKN2 NJ2N >H0yzH+N-JN2z2-NJxKN-*2L yN0yzxK+N2 >H0yzH+N-JN2H02N2+-z+J02 J2 #-/MxKN2 PJN z2 PN- z,,N-0yN-VxKN NJ2N, EG*, ,N, J2 !J-LJ2Jz P*-xK N-/Gz+N2PN ?*M+yGz,N2 J2 PJN ^+F0,/K-N LNGz2LN2 N-Lzy LNLN2yN- PNF ,+-FN2PN2 z,,N- NJ2N P*-xK,xK2J++GJxKN Z-KK*2L PN- @02N2 +-z+J02 )02 > J2+-zxNGG*Gz-N N+(z *F PN2 EzH+0- v *2P )02 > ,x-0M*GzxN*F N+(z *F PN2 EzH+0- w > z)J*F H022+N J2 M-NJGNyN2PN2 ^xz2+KzFyN2 2zxKLN(JN,N2 (N-PN2 [z, '-0yGNF PN- #-J2H(z,,N-H02+zFJ2z+J02 FJ+ 2JxK++*yN-H*G,N2 >H0yzH+N -JN2 yN,+NK+ 2JxK+ 2*- J2 PNF PzFJ+ )N-y*2PN2N2 B2MNH+J02,-J,JH0n )JNGFNK- (*-PN2 z*xK zKG-NJxKN ',N*P0J2MNH+J02N277 *2P ',N*P0N/JPNFJN277 yN,xK-JNyN2 PJN P*-xK PJN @02+zFJ2z+J02 PN, '-0yN2Fz+N-JzG, 0PN- )02 "2+N-,*xK*2L,-NzLN2JN2 P*-xK ?NJ+*2L,(z,,N->H0yzH+N-JN2 )N-*-,zxK+ (0-PN2 ,J2P $0GxKN EGGN PN, MzG,xK/0,J+J)N2 H*G+*-NGGN2 =zxK(NJ,N, z+/J,xKN- >H0yzH+N-JN2 JF FN2,xKGJxKN2 "2+N-,*xK*2L,Fz+N-JzG ] J2 ]-02xKJ0zGGz)zLN PJN FJ+ NJ2NF ]-02xK0,H0/ LN (022N2 (*-PN Pz, *)0- FJ+ ?NJ+*2L,(z,,N- P*-xKLN,/G+ (*-PN KzyN2 2JxK+ ,NG +N2 * NJ2N- *22+JLN2 z2+JFH0yzH+N-JNGGN2 ]NKz2PG*2L LNMK-+ PJN NJ2N ,+z-HN /,xKJ,xKN ]NGz,+*2L M- PN2 'z+JN2+N2 Pz-,+NGG+ *2P FJ+ N-KNyGJxKN2 +0J,xKN2 =N yN2(J-H*2LN2 NJ2KN-LNKN2 Hz22 [N- =zxK(NJ, *2P PJN H*G+*-NGGN ^2xK+*2L PN- >H0yzH+N-JN2 N-M0GL+N 2zxK PN2 )02 $xK*GN%yyNxHN pps *2P =N*Fz22 N+ zG ppr yN,xK-JNyN2N2 !N- MzK-N2 *- \Kz-zH+N-J,JN-*2L PN- >H0yzH+N-JN2J,0Gz+N ,J2P M0GLN2PN !N-MzK-N2 z2LN(N2PN+ (0-PN2o P22,xKJxK+xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN >H0G,*-Nz2zG,Nn %N,+-JH+J02,z2zG,N NJ2N, J2 )J+-0 zF/GJXJN-+N2 DN2zy,xK2J++, '\%%N,+-JH +J02,z2zG,N z*xK '%^ LN2z22+n [JdN-N2JN-*2L z2Kz2P /K,J0G0LJ,xKN- >N-HFzGNn H0FFN-JNGG )N-MLyz-N DN2,02PN2 ^xx*'-0yN Ez DN2'-0yN *F =zxK(NJ, )02 > L0-P02zN > Hz2,z,JJ > z)J*F@0F/GN > z)J*F *2P > J2+-zxNGG*Gz-Nn $N.*N2JN-*2L PN- s$ -[=^n $*y+/J,JN-*2L )02 B,0Gz+N2 PN- $/NJN, > xKNG02zN FJ+ CJGMN PN, GJ2N /-0yN z,,z,77 ?J'^ ?J+N-z+*-o \J-JGG0 N+ zG pprn EzGHJ2KzF ppsn EJ,xKNPN- N+ zG ppn CzGG$+00PGN N+ zG ppqn @J-,xK2N- N+ zG ppvn ?zFPN2 N+ zG ppsn =N*Fz22 N+ zG pprn 'NGGN+JN- N+ zG pqqn
tr 'z-z,J+N2
vqr
'N+N-, N+ zG pptn '0-zNG, pptn %z+GNPLN *2P $+z2M0-P pqwn $xK*GN%yyNxHN *2P EJ ,xKNPN- pqpn $xK*GN%yyNxHN ppsn $xK*GN%yyNxHN N+ zG pprn $+NJ2N-+ N+ zG ppqn #NGN2+J N+ zG ppvn )02 %N2 N+ zG ppv
qo 'w-w,J+N2 qo X2+wFvw KJ,+0G+Juw [z, '-0+0002 Z2+zFyz Z KJ,+0G+Jxz -*M+ PJN ^FyJz,J, NJ2N zH*+N 0PN- xK-0 2J,xKN Z-H-z2H*2L PN, [JxHPz-FN, KN-)0- [N- Z--NLN- J,+ (NG+(NJ+ )N-y-NJ+N+ Z- H-z2H*2LN2 +-N+N2 JF N,N2+GJxKN2 2*- J2 +-0/J,xKN2 *2P ,*y+-0/J,xKN2 DNyJN+N2 zyN- z*xK yN-NJ+, ,PGJxK PN- ^G/N2 z*M [JN ^FyJz,J, KG+ * PN2 K*XL,+N2 'z-z,J+0,N2 PN, >N2,xKN2 AK-GJxK N-H-z2HN2 N+(z t >J0 >N2,xKN2 z2 NJ2N- J2)z,J)N2 ^FyJz,J, FJ+ yJ, * #0PN,MGGN2 B2 >J++NG *2P =0-PN*-0/z ,J2P PJN z*, ,PGJxKN2 ?2PN-2 FJ+LNy-zxK+N2 B2MNH+J02N2 HGJ2J,xK )02 ]NPN*+*2L $F/+0FG0,N ^FyN2+-LN- ,xKNJPN2 ^FyN2,+N2 0M+ J2 L-0N- zKG z*, zyN2JxK+ PJN z2 ^FyJz,J, N-H-z2H+N2 'N-,02N2 [*-xK MNKGN2PN 0PN- Fz2LNGKzM+N #0J GN++N2 *2PJxK+N z,,N- *2P ^y(z,,N-GNJ+*2LN2 LNGz2LN2 ,+N2 J2, #-J2H(z,,N-n )N-,xKF*++N #z2H, +-zLN2 *- ^*,y-NJ+*2L yNJ ~yN- #-J2H(z,,N- *2P =zK-*2L, FJ++NG DNF,N N2,xKN2 yN-+-zLN2 ^*xK EGJNLN2 )N-y-NJ+N2 PJN ^FyN2,+N2 ]N-NJ+, pwt (*-PN2 z*ML-*2P N/JPNFJ0G0LJ,xKN- ]N0yzxK+*2LN2 *2P #JN-)N-,* xKN ,0(0KG NJ2N )J-*GN2+N zG, z*xK NJ2N z)J-*GN2+N $/NJN, )02 Z KJ,+0G+Jxz yN,xK-JN yN2 PJN F0-/K0G0LJ,xK 2JxK+ * *2+N-,xKNJPN2 ,J2P "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 PN- B,0N2FF*,+N- PN- ^FyN2 ,0(JN JK-N- [=$ yN,++JL+N2 Pz,, Z KJ,+0G+Jxz (NJ $/NJN, yNJ2KzG+N+ [JN NJ2N J,+ z)J-*GN2+ *2P )N-*-,zxK+ 2*NJ2N ,F/+0FG0,N [z-FG*FN2J2MN,+z+J02 Z PJ,/z- (K-N2P PJN z2PN-N NJ2N ^F yJz,J, z*,G,+ 0y(0KG z*xK PJN,N $/NJN, NJ2JLN NJ+ ,F/+0FG0, JF [z-FG*FN2 )0-H0FFN2 Hz22 B2 >J++NGN*-0/z LJy+ N, (zK-,xKNJ2GJxK N+(z ; ,F/+0FG0,N [z-FG*FN2J2MNH+J02N2 P*-xK Z PJ,/z- ]NJ Z KJ,+0G+Jxz Gz,,N2 ,JxK (NJ $+zPJN2 *2+N-,xKNJPN2 Pz, )NLN+z+J)N *2P Pz, ,+N2$+zPJ*Fo [N- #-0/K00J+ JF )NLN+z+J)N2 $+zPJ*F yN,J++ HNJ2N M0-FLNyN2PN *N-N CGGN ]NJ PN- VJNN2PN2 zFy0JPN2 ]N(NL*2L (NxK,NG+ ,NJ2N DN,+zG+ ,+2PJL [N- NGGGNJy yN,+NK+ z*, PNF +0/Gz,Fz FJ+ =zK-*2L,)zH*0GN2 *2P NJ2NF NGGHN-2 Z, LJy+ L-0N E0-FN2 >zL2zM0-FN2 wv KF PJN DN(NyN z*V,N2 *2P Z-+K-0+N2 N2+KzG+N2 ,0(JN HGNJ2N E0-FN2 >J2*+zM0-FN2 wq KF PJN 2*- JF [z-FG*FN2 GNyN2 [JN ,+N t KF L-0 zG, *2yN(NLGJxKN, [z*N-,+zPJ*F J,+ )02 NJ2N- (JPN- ,+z2P,MKJLN2 CGGN *FLNyN2 *2P yN,J++ *2xK,+ NJ2N2 @N-2 2zxK #NJG*2LN2 JF !N-Gz*MN PN- %NJM*2L (NJ *2P Pz22 )JN- @N-2N [JN ,+N2 (N-PN2 FJ+ PNF $+*KG z*,LN,xKJNPN2 B2 MN*xK+N- HKGN- "FLNy*2L ,J2P PJN ,+N2 FNK-N-N >02z+N J2 MNH+J, ,+N-yN2 zyN- P*-xK ZJ2+-0xH2*2L 0PN- KKN-N #NF/N-z+*-N2 yN- tt \ ,xK2NGG zy
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(J,xKN2 ^-+N2 z*,yN2o ]NJ G2LN-M-J,+JLNF >z2LNG yN,+NK+ NJ2 @02H*--N2)0-+NJG M- PJNIN2JLN2 ^-+N2 FJ+ PN- KxK,+N2 ^dJ2J++ M- PN2 GJFJ+JN-N2PN2 =K-,+0d [JN NGG+NJG*2L,-z+N *2P ,0FJ+ PJN zxK,+*F,-z+N NJ2N- 'K+0/Gz2H+02'0/*Gz +J02 J,+ )02 PN2 =K-,+0dH02N2+-z+J02 J22N-KzGy PN- NGGN2 z*xK xNGG .*0+z,77 LN2z22+ zyK2LJL "F * yN*-+NJGN2 0y Pz, zxK,+*F zH+*NGG 2K-,+0dGJFJ+JN-+ J,+ F,,N2 PzKN- PJN =K-,+0dLNKzG+N J2 PN2 NGGN2 LNFN,,N2 (N-PN2 B2 PN- '-zJ, J,+ PJN, K*XL ,xK(JN-JL Pz *- ^2zG+JH PJN 'K+0/Gz2H+02NGGN2 )02 z2PN-N2 'z-+JHNG2 zyLN+-N22+ (N-PN2 F,,N2 PJN PN2,NGyN2 $+0d N2+KzG+N2 ] 00/Gz2H +02 *2P [N+-J+*, B2,yN,02PN-N 'K0,/Kz+ Hz22 )02 )JNGN2 ^GLN2 *2P \z20yzH +N-JN2z-+N2 ,NK- L*+ LN,/NJxKN-+ (N-PN2 J2 >N2LN2 PJN M- yJ, * u 0PN- Lz- t NGG+NJG*2LN2 z*,-NJxKN2 ^*xK 0K2N LNG,+N, ' J,+ PNF2zxK )02 z*,LNMGG+N2 $/NJ xKN-2 z*,LNKN2P NJ2N xz sMzxKN Z-KK*2L PN- NGGPJxK+N FLGJxK [JN FzJFzGN ]J0Fz,,N PJN JF DN(,,N- N2+,+NKN2 Hz22 (J-P P*-xK PJN DN ,zF+KNJ+ zGGN- yJ0)N-MLyz-N2 E-zH+J02N2 PN, H2z//,+N2 =K-,+0d, yN,+JFF+ D-*2P GzLN M- JK-N ^y,xK+*2L J,+ PJN NGNFN2+z-N *,zFFN2,N+*2L )02 'Gz2H+02NGGN2 PJN JF N,N2+GJxKN2 z*, t ZGNFN2+N2 yN,+NKN2o \ J++NG uw KL @0KGN2,+0d *2P r KL $+JxH,+0d N2+KG+ ^*, PN2 @02N2+-z +J02N2 z2 yJ0)N-MLyz-N2 =K-,+0dN2 JF z,,N- *2P PN- %NPXNGP%NGz+J02 #zy r Hz22 PJN @z/zJ++ PN, H0,,+NF, *- ]J0Fz,,N]JGP*2L yNHz22+ *2+NPNF N2LGJ,xKN2 ]NL-Jd PN- xz--J2L xz/zxJ+77 zyLN,xK++ (N-PN2 *F ]NJ,/JNG Hz22 z*, KLG 'K0,/K0- 2zxK PN- %NPXNGP%NGz+J02 NJ2N 'Gz2H+02yJ0Fz,,N N2+ ,/-NxKN2P uw KLG @0KGN2,+0d N2+,+NKN2 0PN- J2 N+(z uw KLG E-J,xKLN(JxK+ (N22 @0KGN2,+0d N+(z ; PN, E-J,xKLN(JxK+, z*,FzxK+ ,0MN-2 z*xK FJ2PN,+N2, r KLG $+JxH,+0d )N-MLyz- ,J2P B,+ (N2JLN- $+JxH,+0d )N-MLyz- ] 2*- vt KLG ,0 Hz22 N2+,/-NxKN2P (N2JLN- ]J0Fz,,N N2+,+NKN2 JF EzGGN PJN,N, ]NJ,/JNG, 2*- N2+,/-NxKN2P w KLG @0KGN2,+0d 0PN- J2 N+(z w KLG 'K+0/Gz2H+02E-J,xKLN(JxK+ [z22 (-N $+JxH,+0d GJFJ+JN-N2P 'K0,/K0- PzLNLN2 JF ~yN-,xK*,, )0-Kz2PN2 *2P LNG,+ JF z,,N- 2zxK(NJ,yz- [JN @z/zJ++ PN, H0,,+NF, *- ]J0Fz,,N]JGP*2L (J-P P*-xK PN2IN2JLN2 =K-,+0d GJFJ+JN-+ PN- N2+,/-NxKN2P PN- %NPXNGP%NGz+J02 *N-,+ z*MLNNK-+ (J-P ^GGN-PJ2L, J,+ KJN-yNJ * yNzxK+N2 Pz,, ,JN 2*- L-0yN $xK+*2LN2 PN- ]J0Fz,,N@z/zJ++ N-FLGJxK+o *F NJ2N2 (*-PN ,JN 2JxK+ z2 =K-,+0dGJFJ +JN-+N2 NGGN2 N-FJ++NG+ *2P yNJ ^*MNK-*2L PN- NGGJ2+N-2N2 $/NJxKN- H22N2 KKN-N >N2LN2 z2 ]J0Fz,,N LNyJGPN+ (N-PN2 , 0 *F z2PN-N2 +-N+N2 "2+N-,xKJNPN (J ,xKN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 ^-+N2 z*M #zyNGGN r %NGz+J02 PN- M2M Cz*/+yN,+z2P+NJGN )02 'K+0/Gz2H+02NGGN2 %NPXNGP ptqn J+JN-+ 2zxK %N20GP, pqu
DN(JxK+,-NGz+J02 F0Gz-N %NGz+J02
\
zJFz GJNLN2 PzKN- J2 +JNM P*-xKFJ,xK+N2 DN(,,N-2 z*xK yNJ =K-,+0d~yN-,xK*,, 2JNP-JLN- zG, J2 VzxK P*-xKFJ,xK+N2 DN(,,N-2 #zy rw )N-PN*+GJxK+ PJN, z2Kz2P )02 P-NJ ]NJ,/JNGN2o [JN %NGz+J02 PN- z,,N- +JNMN J2 PJN ?JxK+ 20xK NJ2P-J2LN2 Hz22 PN- ,0 LN2z22+N2 N*/K0+J,xKN2 #JNMN77 N* * PN- P*-xKFJ,xK+N2 #JNMN FJ Hz22 yNJ J2 N+(z K2GJxKN- DG0yzG,+-zKG*2L *2P #-y*2L P*-xK LNG,+N z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN zG, L-0yN, >z PN- P*-xK,xK2J++ GJxKN2 ?JxK+)N-MLyz-HNJ+ M- 'K+0/Gz2H+02NGGN2 LNG+N2 B2 PJN,NF ]NJ,/JNG J,+ PJN,N %NGz+J02 M- zGGN P-NJ DN(,,N- LGNJxK ]NJ +JNMN- [*-xKFJ,xK*2L P K FJ )02 t F Hz22 INP0xK 2*- NJ2N 'K+0/Gz2H+02NGGPJxK+N N2+,/-NxKN2P xz v KLG \KG0-0/KGGz N2+,+NKN2 ]NJ KKN-N- NGGPJxK+N (-PN PJN #-y*2L z2,+NJLN2 J2
uvq
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w nLG nLG v nLG
PN- E0GLN (-PN PJN N*/K0+J,xKN #JNMN *-xHLNKN2 yNJ LGNJxKyGNJyN2PN- [*-xK FJ,xK*2L,+JNMN (-PN INP0xK PJN %NGz+J02 )02 N*FJ *2P ,0FJ+ PJN FJ++GN-N ?JxK+ )N-MLyz-HNJ+ NyN2MzGG, *-xHLNKN2 B2 PN- E0GLN F,,+N2 NJ2JLN NGGN2 zy,+N-yN2 ,0 )JNGN yJ, N*FJ (JNPN- t N--NJxK+ [JN ?JxK+)N-MLyz-HNJ+ PNX2JN-+ ,0FJ+ PJN FzJFzG FLGJxKN ]J0Fz,,N[JxK+N ,0MN-2 PJN =K-,+0dH02N2+-z+J02N2 PzM- z*, -NJxKN2
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Kapazität für Chlorophyll-a in µg/l
B2 )JNGN2 DN(,,N-2 (NxK,NG2 PJN PJN ]J0Fz,,N GJFJ+JN-N2PN2 %N,,0*-xN2 JF AzK -N,Lz2L B2 PN2 J2+N-F02z+N2 J,+ ,NGy,+ yNJ LN-J2LN2 =K-,+0dH02N2+-z+J02N2 PJN ?JxK+N2N-LJN GJFJ+JN-N2P *F NJ2N2 Pz PJN 'K0+02N2V*[JxK+N J2M0GLN PN- LN -J2LN-N2 $022N2NJ2,+-zKG*2L 2*- NJ2N2 ]-*xK+NJG PN- $0FFN-(N-+N yN+-L+ CJ2* H0FF+ PJN J2 PN- %NLNG +JNMN-N [*-xKFJ,xK*2L PN- DN(,,N- (N22 ,JN JF J2+NHNJ2N +KN-FJ,xKN $xKJxK+*2L z*M(NJ,N2 %N20GP, ppr )N-PN*+GJxK+ z2Kz2P FNK
N
150
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F
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rw $+NKN2PN DN(,,N-
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100 1980
Chlorophyll-a in 1 m Tiefe in µg/L-1
60
1984
30
2006
10 6
2006
3 Schlachtensee 1980 − 2006 Tegeler See
1984 − 2006
1 10
30 300 60 100 Gesamtphosphor in 1 m Tiefe in µg/L-1
600 1000
^yy rv $z2JN-*2L,yNPJ2L+N !N-2PN-*2LN2 PN- AzK-N,FJ++NG PN- @02N2+-z+J02N2 z2 DN ,zF+' *2P 'K+0/Gz2H+02]J0Fz,,N LNFN,,N2 zG, \KG0-0/KGGz J2 P-NJ DN(,,N-2 [JN '*2H+N HN22NJxK2N2 AzK-N,FJ++NG *2P ,J2P xK-020G0LJ,xK )N-y*2PN2
P*-xKFJ,xK+N2 #NLNGN- $NN [*-xKFJ,xK*2L,+JNMN JF $0FFN- uq F ,+N+, 2JNP-JLN(z- zG, JF $xKGzxK+N2,NN [*-xKFJ,xK*2L,+JNMN JF $0FFN- wtt F [zP*-xK ,N+ +N ?JxK+GJFJ+z+J02 JF #NLNGN- $NN yN-NJ+, yNJ NJ2N- LN-J2LN-N2 'K+0/Gz2H+02NGG PJxK+N NJ2 ,JNKN ^y,xK2 rwvw Z-,+ PN- %xHLz2L z*M (N2JLN- zG, s KLG DN,zF+ ' )N-F0xK+N PJN ?JFJ+z+J02 )02 ?JxK+ z*M ' *F*,xKzG+N277 *2P JF ]N-NJxK (J ,xKN2 w *2P s KLG DN,zF+' NJL+ ,JxK NJ2N 2zKN* GJ2Nz-N ]NJNK*2L (J,xKN2 PN2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 z2 DN,zF+' *2P \KG0-0/KGGz [JN, ]NJ,/JNG )N-PN*+GJxK+ Pz,, PN- #-0/KJNL-zP 2JxK+ *2yNL-N2+ FJ+ PN- DN,zF+'@02N2+-z+J02 ,+NJL+n )JNG FNK- (J-P J2 N+-NF N2+-0/KN2 DN(,,N-2 zy NJ2N- )02 PN- DN(,,N- 0PN- [*-xK FJ,xK*2L,+JNMN zyK2LJLN2 @02N2+-z+J02 NJ2 >zJF*F PN- 'K+0/Gz2H+02NGG PJxK+N N--NJxK+ [JN >J++NG(N-+N ,J2P M- INPN, DN(,,N- xK-020G0LJ,xK )N-y*2PN2 *F PN2 NJ+ GJxKN2 !N-Gz*M PN- $z2JN-*2L * )N-PN*+GJxKN2 [N- ,xKz++JN-+N ]N-NJxK )N-PN*+GJxK+ PN2 ]N-NJxK J2 PNF PJN DN,zF+'K0,/K0-@02N2+-z+J02 PJN 'K+0/Gz2H+02]J0 Fz,,N GJFJ+JN-+ [z-yN- GJFJ+JN-+ )0-(JNLN2P ?JxK+ B2 DN(,,N-2 PJN 2JxK+ P*-xK C*FJ2,+0dN 0PN- FJ2N-zGJ,xKN $xK(Ny,+0dN ,+z-H LN+-y+ (N-PN2 J,+ PJN #-y*2L (NJ+LNKN2P )02 PN- [JxK+N PN- 'Gz2H+02'z-+JHNG zyK2LJL !JNGN HGNJ2N 'z-+JHNG MK-N2 * NJ2N- ,+-HN-N2 #-y*2L zG, (N2JLN L-0N (N,KzGy )0-(JNLN2P Pz, 'K+0/Gz2H+02 *2P Pz-*2+N- J2,yN,02PN-N HGNJ2N E0-FN2 PJN #-y*2L 0M+ NJ2MzxK zG, $JxK++JNMN LNFN,,N2 yN,+JFF+ Z2+,/-NxKN2P ,+NGG+N2 !0GGN2(NJPN- *2P @N-NHN, pqw 2NLz+J)N @0--NGz+J02N2 PN- $JxK++JNMN *- @02N2 +-z+J02 z2 \KG0-0/KGGz MN,+ [z GN++N-N N2L FJ+ PN- @02N2+-z+J02 z2 DN,zF+ 'K0,/K0- H0--NGJN-+ 2JFF+ PJN $JxK++JNMN FJ+ ,+NJLN2PN- DN,zF+'@02N2+-z+J02 zy
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6
6 wt
4 w
4s
6 q q wt wt rt 4 rt
4 s s v v t 6 t
4v v t t r 6 r
u
6
6 6 wt vt wt q vt q wt 4 4 wt
1,0
1,0 ultraoligotroph
oligo- mesotroph troph
eutroph
hypertroph 0,5
0,5
ultraoligotroph
oligo- mesotroph troph
eutroph
hypertroph
0
0 1
10 100 Gesamt-P (Jahresmittel in µg/l)
1,0 ultraoligotroph
oligotroph
mesotroph
hypertroph
1 10 100 Chlorophyll-a (Jahresmittel in µg/l)
1000
1,0 hypertroph
eutroph
eu- meso- oligotroph troph troph
ultraoligotroph
0,5
0,5
0
0 1 10 100 Chlorophyll-a (Jahresmaximum in µg/l)
0,5
1 2 3 5 10 20 50 Sichttiefe (Jahresmittel in m)
100
^yy ru zK-,xKNJ2GJxKHNJ+ (J,xKN2 *2P NJ2N, #-0/KJNL-zPN, IN 2zxK AzK-N,FJ++NG (N-+N2 M- PJN @02N2+-z+J02 z2 DN,zF+' y( \KG0-0/KGGz M- PJN $JxK++JNMN *2P M- Pz, AzK-N,FzJF*F z2 \KG0-0/KGGz !0GGN2(NJPN- *2P @N-NHN, pqw $ rt
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ZJ2V,,N 0GJL0+-0/K 0- /K0FN+-JN \Kz-zH+N- PN, ZJ2*L,LNyJN+N, *2P 2z+-GJxKN-(NJ,N * N-(z-+N2PN=K-,+0dNJ2+-LN N-LJy+ ^*, PN- [JdN-N2 (J,xKN2 PJN,NF ?NJ+yJGP*,+z2P77 *2P PNF B,+*,+z2P77 N-LJy+ ,JxK PJN -NJ2 H0G0LJ,xK yNL-2PN+N ]N(N-+*2L [zFJ+ J,+ *LGNJxK NJ2N E0-PN-*2L PN- Z*-0/J,xKN2 z,,N--zKFN2-JxK+GJ2JN %%?n ,JNKN ^y,xK2 rvu N-MGG+ PJN ]N(N-+*2LN2 zG, ^y(NJxK*2L )0F z2+K-0/0LN2 *2yNNJ2 V*,,+N2 *,+z2P M0-PN-+ [JN,N, $,+NF LJG+ 2*- *- N-,+N2 ZJ2,xK+*2L PN, #-0 /KJNL-zPN, 2z+-GJxK N2+,+z2PN2N- $NN2 *2P HGzFFN-+ PJN #zG,/N--N2 *2P z2PN-N z2+K-0/0LN2N $+z2PLN(,,N- ] PJN ^yL-zy*2L,,NN2 z*, E- PJN,N DN(,,N,J2P N2+,/-NxKN2PN2 +/0G0LJ,xKN !0-z-yNJ+N2 N-M0-PN-GJxK @Gz,,JXJN-*2L,,,+NFN M- PN2 #-0/KJNL-zP (*-PN2 *-,/-2LGJxK 2*- M- ,+NKN2 PN DN(,,N- N2+(JxHNG+ B2 VJNN2PN2 DN(,,N-2 (J-P PJN 'Gz2H+02]N,JNPG*2L (N ,N2+GJxK z*xK ,+-HN- P*-xK PJN !N-(NJGNJ+ JF $,+NF PJN ^yV,,N PJN J++N-*2L PJN $+-F*2L,)N-KG+2J,,N *2P #*-y*GN2 PN, z,,N-, LN/-L+ Z-,+ 2zxK FNK-+ LJLN- EGJNNJ+ Hz22 ,JxK NJ2 NxK+N, 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)02 'K+0/Gz2H+02 ,/-yz- ,JNKN ^y,xK2 rw ru *2P rt *2P )N- ,xKJNPN2N >z2zKFN2 *- Z*+-0/KJN-*2L,yNHF/M*2L (*-PN2 JF/GNFN2+JN-+ =N yN2 PNF ^y(z,,N-zyLzyN2LN,N+ (z- KJN- J2,yN,02PN-N PJN M- PJN %NP*JN-*2L PN- =K-,+0dE-zxK+N2 pqt LN+-0dN2N !N-NJ2yz-*2L PN- ^2-zJ2N-,+zz+N2 *F $xK*+ PN- =0-P,NN ,0(JN PN- CZ?\]N,xKG*,, )02 pqr *F $xK*+ PN- z 2zKFN N--NJxK+ 2FGJxK PN- $*y,+J+*+J02 )02 'K0,/Kz+ J2 z,xKFJ++NG2 P*-xK Z- ,z+,+0dN Z2PN PN- pqN-AzK-N ]NK-N2P+ N+ zG w ^GGNJ2 J,+ PJN,N >z2zKFN INP0xK M- PJN >NK-zKG PN- N*+-0/KJN-+N2 DN(,,N- 2JxK+ z*,-NJxKN2P Pz PJN =K- ,+0dE-zxK+N2 z*, FN2,xKGJxKN2 ^*,,,xKNJP*2LN2 J2 ]zGG*2L,-*FN2 ,0 K0xK ,J2P Pz,, JK-N Z2+MN-2*2L z*, PNF ^y(z,,N- 2zKN* J2 INPNF EzGGN N-M0-PN-GJxK J,+ ,JNKN @z/ v E- ,N2,JyGN DN(,,N- ] #-J2H(z,,N-+zG,/N--N2 Hz22 PJN ^yGNJ+*2L PN- ^y (,,N- z*, PNF ZJ2*L,LNyJN+ PN, yN+-0dN2N2 DN(,,N-, P*-xK %J2LGNJ+*2LN2 z2 LNNJL+ ,NJ2 (JN ,JN ] z2 NJ2JLN2 ,PPN*+,xKN2 $NN2 N-M0GL-NJxK yN+-JNyN2 (N-PN2 [zFJ+ )N-LGNJxKyz- J,+ PJN JF Cz- yN+-JNyN2N ^yGNJ+*2L )02 ^y(,,N-2 yN-(JN LN2P z*, E-NFPN2)N-HNK-,NJ2-JxK+*2LN2 z*, PNF ZJ2*L,LNyJN+ )02 #zG,/N--N2 Z, Kz2PNG+ ,JxK PzyNJ *F z*,LN/-L+ /*2H+M-FJLN =K-,+0d.*NGGN2 PJN GNJxK+ * Mz,,N2 ,J2P [JN,N $+-z+NLJN Hz22 INP0xK *- '-0yGNF)N-GzLN-*2L MK-N2 (N22 Pz P*-xK ,+-0Fzy(-+, PJN =K-,+0dH02N2+-z+J02N2 N-KK+ (N-PN2 ZJ2 (NJ+N-N- (JxK+JLN- ^2,z+/*2H+ J,+ J2 )JNGN2 $+P+N2 PJN >J,xKHz2zGJ,z+J02 J2 PN- FJ+ PNF ^y(z,,N- z*xK PN- =JNPN-,xKGzL,zyV*,, )02 $+-zN2 *2P z2PN-N2 )N-,JNLNG+N2 EGxKN2 J2 PJN @G-(N-HN +-z2,/0-+JN-+ (J-P =K-,+0dH02N2+-z+J02N2 JF =JNPN-,xKGzL,zyV*,, H22N2 J2 ]zGG*2L,LNyJN+N2 N-KNyGJxK ,NJ2 J2,yN,02PN-N yNJ $+z-H2JNPN-,xKGLN2 2zxK G2LN-N2 #-0xHN2/N-J0PN2 [N- !0-+NJG PN- >J,xKHz 2zGJ,z+J02 J,+ PzKN- PJN %xHKzG+*2L 0-Lz2J,xKN- $*y,+z2 *2P =K-,+0dN z*, PNF =JNPN-,xKGzL,zyV*,, P*-xK ^*MyN-NJ+*2L JF @G-(N-H [N- =zxK+NJG J,+ INP0xK PJN @z/zJ++,L-N2N PJN,N- $,+NFN yNJ $+z-H2JNPN-,xKGLN2 PJN J2 )JNGN2 PN-z-+JLN2 $J+*z+J02N2 *F ~yN-Gz*MN2 *2LNHG-+N2 >J,xK(z,,N-, PJ-NH+ J2 PJN DN(,,N- MK-+ ZJ2 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piscivore Fische (Raubfische)
planktivore Fische (Friedfische)
Zooplankton (Anzahl und Individuen -Größe)
Nährstoff bedingte Kapazität für Biomasse verwirk(Phytolichte plankton) Biomasse (Phytopl.)
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LN2PN- 'K+0/Gz2H+02'0/*Gz+J02N2 FJ+ DJM+,+0dN2 $xK(N-FN+zGGJ02N2 CN-yJJ PN2 J2 ]N+-zxK+ #-0+ *2NKFN2PN- ^yGNK2*2L z*, H0G0LJ,xKN2 ~yN-GNL*2LN2 KN-z*, (N-PN2 J2 )JNGN2 ?2PN-2 >z,,N2N2+(JxHG*2LN2 )02 ^GLN2 *2P \z20yzH+N -JN2 FJ+ @*/MN-J02N2 yNHF/M+ DN-zPN yNJF Fz,,N2KzM+N2 ^*M+-N+N2 )02 \z20 yzH+N-JN2 J,+ PJN !N-(N2P*2L )02 @*/MN-J02N2 zy*GNK2N2 PN22 P*-xK PJN J2M0GLN PN- @*/MN-NJ2(J-H*2L NJ2,N+N2PN2 ?,JN PN- NGGN2 H22N2 PJN Pz-J2 N2+KzG+N2N2 #0J2N M-NJLN,N++ (N-PN2 B2 [N*+,xKGz2P LNK-N2 PN-z-+JLN >z2zKFN2 PN- !N- Lz2LN2KNJ+ z2 ] (*-PN2 J2 Fz2xKN2 EJ,xK*xK+yN+-JNyN2 EzPN2zGLN2 FJ+ CN-yJ JPN2 (JN [J*-02 yNHF/M+ ^*xK PJN ]NHF/M*2L )02 G,+JLN2 >zH-0/K+N2 FJ+ PJ)N-,N2 CN-yJJPN2 (*-PN 20xK J2 PN2 sN-AzK-N2 PJ,H*+JN-+ B2 PN- '-zJ, N-(NJ,N2 ,JxK M- PJN,N2 (NxH ,/NJNGGN >Ky00+N zG, *F(NG+)N-+-LGJxKN-N, !N-MzK-N2
otp [J0G0LJ,uKN "2+N-,*uK*2L )02 ,+NKN2PN2 DN(,,N-2 otp 'Gw2*2L *2P !0-vN-NJ+*2L )02 E-NJGw2Pw-vNJ+ [JN D-*2PGzLN N-M0GL-NJxKN- *2P NdJJN2+N- ~yN-(zxK*2L,/-0L-zFFN ,J2P ,0-LMG +JLN JNGPNX2J+J02 *2P 'Gz2*2L [z-z*, N-LNyN2 ,JxK PJN ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 z2 'N-,02zG *2P ^*,,+z++*2L B,+ *F ]NJ,/JNG Pz, JNG PN- "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 J2 N-,+N- ?J2JN PJN PN,H-J/+J)N Z-Mz,,*2L PN, '-0yGNF, *2P LLM NJ2N %J,JH0zy,xK+*2L ,0 Hz22 NJ2N -0*+J2NFJLN ]N/-0y*2L PN, #zG,/N--N2'Gz2H+02, )02 NJ2LN(JN,N2NF 'N-,02zG z*, DN,*2PKNJ+,yNK-PN2 z,,N-(N-HN2 0PN- z2PN-N2 B2,+J+*+J02N2 P*-xKLNMK-+ (N-PN2 [N- *L-Jd z*M GJF20G0LJ,xKN @0F/N+N2 Hz22 Pz22 z*M H-J+J,xKN 'Kz,N2 PN, "2+N-,*xK*2L,/-0L-zFF, yNL-N2+ (N-PN2 J2,yN,02PN-N 'Gz2*2L &*zGJ++, H02+-0GGN PN- z2LN(z2P+N2 >N+K0PN2 ^*,(N-+*2L *2P ]N(N-+*2L PN- [z+N2 CJN- * Hz22 NJ2N @00/N-z+J02 FJ+ "F(NG+yNK-PN2 0PN- "2J)N-,J++N2 N-M0GLN2 0PNN, H22N2 /-J)z+N D*+zxK+N- KJ2*LN0LN2 (N-PN2 CJ2LNLN2 J,+ GJF20G0LJ,xKN @0F/N+N2 H02+J2*JN-GJxK N-M0-PN-GJxK (N22 Pz, JNG z*xK PJN ^*MHG-*2L PN- "- ,zxKN2 PN, ^*M+-N+N2, )02 .*zGJ++,yNNJ2+-xK+JLN2PN2 N2LN NJ2NG2N- yN,02PN-, /-0yGNFz+J,xKN- ^-+N2 0PN- PJN '-0L20,N PN(NJ+N-N2 Z2+(JxHG*2L PzKJ2LNKN2P 0y PJN 'Gz2H+02FN2LN JF *2NKFN2 yNL-JdN2 J,+ *2P (NGxKN FzJFzGN ]J0Fz,,N N-(z-+N+ (N-PN2 Hz22 [JN ]N,+z2P,L-N77 ,0(JN PJN zxK,+*F,-z+N NJ2NG2N- 'Gz2H+02z-+N2 Hz22 z2 Kz2P JK-N- B2PJ)JP*N2 0PN- NGGPJxK+N /-0 ?J+N- z,,N- zP.*z+ yN,xK-JNyN2 (N-
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Fz+N-JzG -z,xK zy,+N-yN2 >z2xKN @GNJ2H-Ny,N ,J2P (z- -NxK+ NJ2MzxK yJ, z*M PJN Dz++*2L * yN,+JFFN2 PJN Z-FJ++G*2L PN- ^-+ N-M0-PN-+ INP0xK PJN '-/z-z+J02 xKz-zH+N-J,+J,xKN- Z+-NFJ++N2 *F JK-N z-+,/NJX,xKN2 E0-+,+N N-HN22N2 * H2 2N2 [z/K2JN2 z,,N-VKN77 H22N2 Cy-JPN yJGPN2 PJN P*-xK *2LN,xKGNxK+GJxKN !N-FNK-*2L yN- )JNGN DN2N-z+J02N2 KJ2(NL PJN '0/*Gz+J02 P0FJ2JN-N2 zyN,xK(N-GJxK NJ2N- ^-+ **0-P2N2 ,J2P ^*xK KJN- LJG+ N, PN2 ]N,+JFF*2L,z*M(z2P z2 PJN E-zLN,+NGG*2L z2*/z,,N2 D-*2PGNLN2PN N-HN *- 00/Gz2H+02]N,+JF F*2L ,J2P ZJ2,GN ppv M- \0/N/0Pz C/MN-GJ2LN77 @0,+N prq M- %0+JMN-z *2P EG2N- prw M- \GzP0xN-z [JN ^*,KG*2L PN- LN,zF+N2 '-0yN 0PN- NJ2N- .*z2+J+z+J)N2 #NJG/-0yN N-M0GL+ J2 KGHzFFN-2 *2+N- PN- $+N-N0G*/N yNJ PN- M- PJN IN(NJGJLN2 N+K0PJH GJNMN-2 #F/GJ2L *2P E-JNP-JxK ppp ,0(JN N+NG *2P ?JHN2, w ^*,MK-GJxKN ^-yNJ+,z2GNJ+*2LN2 *- .*z2+J+z+J)N2 Z- Mz,,*2L PN, 00/Gz2H+02, FJ+ ^2LzyN2 yN- LNNJL2N+N '-0yN2zKFN+NxK2JHN2 PNZ2+2zKFN )02 #NJG/-0yN2 KG+NxK2JHN2 *2P ]J0Fz,,N]N,+JFF*2L X2PN2 ,JxK J2 [0(2J2L *2P %JLGN- pqu *2P ,/NJNGG M- '-0+00N2 J2 @NF/ N+ zG ppv D-*2P,+GJxK J,+ )02 PN2 FLGJxKN2 $*FFN2/z-zFN+N-2 M- PJN 'Gz2H+02]J0 Fz,,N INPN- >N,,(N-+ LNNJL2N+ PN- M- PJN E-zLN,+NGG*2L KJ2-NJxKN2P NF/X2PGJxK *2P ,/NJX,xK J,+ [JN L-z)JFN+-J,xKN ]N,+JFF*2L PN- 'z-+JHNG>z,,N J2 PN- %NLNG zG, $N,+02#-0xHN2LN(JxK+77 N-FJ++NG+ N-MGG+ PJN,N ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 0M+FzG, 2JxK+ BF z,,N- ,J2P )0- zGGNF yNJ C0xK(z,,N-N-NJL2J,,N2 z20-Lz2J,xKN $+0dN (JN ] #02/z-+JHNG ,*,/N2PJN-+ PJN NJ2N KKN-N ,/NJX,xKN [JxK+N zG, Pz, 'Gz2H+02 z*M (NJ,N2 *2P PN2 L-z)JFN+-J,xKN2 >N,,(N-+ N-KNyGJxK )N-MG,xKN2 H22N2 $J22)0GGNJ,+ N, zGGLNFNJ2 JF 'Gz2H+02 )N-y-NJ+N+N B2KzG+,,+0dN * FN,,N2 PN-N2 @02N2+-z +J02 FLGJxK,+ H02,+z2+ yGNJy+ *2P ,0FJ+ PJN ]J0Fz,,N (JPN-,/JNLNG+ ^*, PN- #z+ ,zxKN Pz,, zGGN 'K+0/Gz2H+N- J2 PN- ?zLN ,J2P 'K0,/K0- (NJ+ yN- JK-N2 2z+-GJxKN2 ]NPz-M KJ2z*, * ,/NJxKN-2 N-LJy+ ,JxK Pz,, PJN,N- B2KzG+,,+0d zG, 'z-zFN+N- MPJN ]J0Fz,,N 2JxK+ LNNJL2N+ J,+ NJ+z*, LN-J2LN-N2 $xK(z2H*2LN2 N-GJNL+ PN- @0K GN2,+0dLNKzG+ zyN- z*xK PJN,N, ZGNFN2+ (J-P LN,/NJxKN-+ 0PN- z2LN-NJxKN-+ ] zG, $+-HNH-2N- P*-xK D-2zGLN2 J2 E0-F )02 G+-/MxKN2 P*-xK [Jz+0FNN2 *2P J2 PN2 \NGG*G0,N'z2N-2 Fz2xKN- [J20VzLNGGz+N2 DN-J2LN-N $xK(z2H*2LN2 zG, yNJF 0-Lz2J,xKN2 @0KGN2,+0d ,J2P yNJF 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $+JxH,+0d * N-(z-+N2 ^*xK Hz22 PJN,N- -NGz+J) NJ2MzxK 2z,,xKNFJ,xK 0PN- J2 ,/N JNGGN2 ^2zG,NLN-+N2 yN,+JFF+ (N-PN2 [N- JF z,,N- ,*,/N2PJN-+N $+JxH,+0d (J-P N2+(NPN- zG, $N,,*2L (NJ+N-N- 'z-zFN+N- ] FJH-0,H0/J,xKN "2+N-,*xK*2L 0PN- EG*0-N,N2 ]N,+JFF*2L G,,+ ,JxK Pz22 N-FJ++NG2 0y PJN #-y*2L )0-(JNLN2P z*M $0FFN-K*,Nos XJ2GNJ+*2L =zKN* zGGN EGJNLN(,,N- (N-PN2 ,NJ+ "-NJ+N2 LN2*++o [JN FNJ,+N2 EG,,N *2P ]xKN ,J2P F0-/K0G0LJ,xK )N-2PN-+ yNL-zPJL+ )N-+JNM+ 0M+ yNMN,+JL+ *2P LN,+z*+ *F ?z2P P*-xK Z2+(,,N-*2L 2*+N2 * H22N2 0PN- * yN(,,N-2 [z, z,,N(J-P Pz-yN- KJ2z*, N2+20FFN2 M- PN2 DNy-z*xK zG, #-J2H ]-z*xK *2P @KG (z,,N- ,0(JN *F #-2HN2 PN, !JNK, [JN ^yGNJ+*2L )02 K*,GJxKNF *2P LN(N-y GJxKNF ^y(z,,N- J2 PJN EGJNLN(,,N- ,/JNG+N *2P ,/JNG+ NJ2N ,NK- yNPN*+N2PN %0GGN M- Pz, ?NyN2 *2P J-HN2 PN- >N2,xKN2 ~yN- Gz2LN NJ+ )N-HzFN2 EGJNLN(,,N,0 * !0-V*+N-277 JK-N H0G0LJ,xKN2 E*2H+J02N2 zG, ]N,+z2P+NJG PN- ?z2P,xKzM+ *2P PN, =z+*-Kz*,KzG+N, (*-PN2 )N-2zxKG,,JL+ [z-yN- KJ2z*, *2+N-GJNLN2 PJN DN(,,N- J2 yNPN*+N2PNF >zN PJd*,N2 ZJ2+-LN2 )02 $+0dN2 )0- zGGNF z*, Gz2P (J-+,xKzM+GJxKN2 EGxKN2 *2P P*-xK )N-,xKF*++N, =JNPN-,xKGzL,(z,,N- ^*xK (z, ,N-yz*GJxKN ZJ2L-JdN M- $xKJdMzK-+ *2P Z2N-LJNLN(J22*2L 0PN- PJN ^2GzLN )02 %NLN2-xHKzG+N *2P C0xK(z,,N--xHKzG+NyNxHN2 H22N2 PJN z,,N-.*zGJ++ )02 EGJNLN(,,N-2 yNNJ2V*,,N2 *2P yNNJ2+-xK+JLN2 [z2NyN2 ,/JNGN2 E-NJNJ+2*+*2 LN2 *2P PJN EJ,xKN-NJ NJ2N %0GGN yNJ PN- =*+*2L *2P yNJF $xK*+ PN- EGJNLN(,,N- ,0(0KG PN, z,,N-, zG, z*xK PN, DN(,,N-yN++N, *2P PN- z2L-N2N2PN2 ^*N BF ?z*MN PN- GN++N2 AzK-NK2+N (*-PN PJN ]NPN*+*2L ,z*yN-N2 z,,N-, *2P 2z +*-2zKN- EGJNLN(,,N- *2NKFN2P N-Hz22+ *- N-M0-PN-GJxKN2 ]N*-+NJG*2L PN z,,N-.*zGJ++ *2P PN- DN(,,N-yN,xKzdN2KNJ+ (*-PN2 PJN M- PJN "2+N-,*xK*2L *2P *,+z2P,yN(N-+*2L N-M0-PN-GJxKN2 >N+K0PN2 *2P DN-+N N2+(JxHNG+ '-0yN2zKFN2 yJ0G0LJ,xKN "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 *2P ]N(N-+*2LN2 )02 EGJNLN(, ,N-2 *FMz,,N2 (NLN2 PN- !JNGLN,+zG+JLHNJ+ PN- ?NyN2,-*FN J2 PN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 #/N2 )02 ]xKN2 EG,,N2 *2P $+-FN2 *2P PN- *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 E-zLN,+NGG*2LN2
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r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++
NJ2N N2+,/-NxKN2P y-NJ+N 'zGN++N )02 #NxK2JHN2 *2P >N+K0PN2 *FzG z*N-PNF M- PJN )N-,xKJNPN2N2 0-Lz2J,FJ,xKN2 B2PJHz+0-L-*//N2 IN 2zxK PNF JNG PN- "2 +N-,*xK*2L *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN >N+K0PN2 *2P #NxK2JHN2 *F ZJ2,z+ H0FFN2 F,,N2 =zxKM0GLN2P (J-P PzKN- 2*- z*M (N,N2+GJxKN *2P zH+*NGGN !N-MzK-N2 NJ2LNLz2LN2 J2 ZJ2NGMGGN2 (J-P PJN Z2+,+NK*2L,LN,xKJxK+N *2P KJ,+0-J,xKN ]NPN*+*2L )02 !N- MzK-N2 z*,LNMK-+ BF >J++NG/*2H+ PN, B2+N-N,,N, ,+z2P ,NJ+ ]NLJ22 yJ, J2 PJN rN- AzK-N PN, w AzK- K*2PN-+, PJN ]NGz,+*2L PN- DN(,,N- P*-xK yJ0G0LJ,xK GNJxK+ zyyz*yz-N 0-Lz2J,xKN $*y,+z2N2 J2 *2yNKz2PNG+N2 ^y(,,N-2 [*-xK PN2 VxKN2PNxHN2PN2 ]z* )02 ^y(z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L,z2GzLN2 J,+ PJN ]NPN*+*2L PJN,N- ZJ2V*,,L-N J2(J,xKN2 * -xHLNLz2LN2 ]N,02PN-, (JxK+JL LN(0-PN2 ,J2P J2 PN2 GN++N2 AzK-N2 PJN ,0 LN2z22+N2 $/*-N2 ,+0dN >JH-0)N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 PJN z*ML-*2P F0PN-2N- ^2zG,N)N-MzK-N2 KN*+N * 2NKFN2P J2 PN2 DN(,,N-2 FNJ,+ J2 ,NK- LN-J2LN- @02N2+-z+J02 z*ML-*2P F0 PN-2N- ^2zG,N2+NxK2JH 2zxKLN(JN,N2 (N-PN2 Z, Kz2PNG+ ,JxK KJN-yNJ *F (NJ+ )N- y-NJ+N+N ^-2NJFJ++NG-xH,+2PN * z $xKFN-FJ++NG ]G*+P-*xH,N2HN- ^2+JyJ0+JHz C0-F02N ,+-0LN2N %xH,+2PN z*, ,/NJNGGN2 J2P*,+-JNGGN2 '-0P*H+J02,/-0N, ,N2 'E# #zH-0/K+N2 *2P >00,N H22N2 ,0(0KG J2 ,xK2NGG VJNN2PN2 zG, z*xK Gz2L,zFN2 yJ, Mz,+ ,+NKN2PN2 EGJNLN(,,N-2 NJLN2N \K0-J0+0/N ,NJ2 B2 PN- %NLNG ,J2P FNK-N-N )N-,xKJNPN2N $*y,+-z+N J2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 >N2LN2z2+NJGN2 z2 NJ2N'-0yN,+NGGN )0-Kz2PN2 ^*,2zKFN2 ,J2P Z+-NF,+z2P0-+N Z, Kz+ ,JxK ,NK- yN(K-+ yNJ PN- Z-KNy*2L PN- yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 [z+N2 z*xK PJN /K ,J0L-z/KJ,xKN2 !N-KG+2J,,N z2 PN- "2+N-,*xK*2L,,+NGGN *F NJ+/*2H+ PN- "2+N- ,*xK*2L * P0H*FN2+JN-N2 [z* ,0GG+N2 (JN z*xK M- PJN yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 [z+N2 ,+z2 Pz-PJ,JN-+N ENGP/-0+0H0GGN )N-(N2PN+ (N-PN2 ^G, zH-0/K+N2 PN, 'K+0yN2+K0, *2P MPJN ]N,+JFF*2L PN, $z/-0yJN2J2PN @z/ rvu [*-xK EN,+GNL*2L PN- $zFFNGNJ+ 0PN- z*xK PN- *- yN,zFFNG2PN2 EGxKN Hz22 NJ2 LN(J,,N- %zKFN2 MN,+LN,N++ (N-PN2 zyN- N-MzK-*2L,LNF J,+ N, zF (NxH PJN2GJxK,+N2 z2LN/z,,+ z2 PJN $J+*z+J02 PN- )0-LN2z22+N2 D-*2P-NLNG * M0GLN2 !JNGMzxK (J-P yNJ NJ+GJFJ+JN-+NF ]N,zFFNG2 FJ+ ^2LzyN PN- LN,xK++N2 C*XL HNJ+N2 )02 N+(z v >J2*+N2 $zFFNGNJ+ /-0 '-0yN2,+NGGN z*,LNLz2LN2 =KN-N ZJ2 NGKNJ+N2 *F NJ+z*M(z2P yNJ yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 z2 DN(,,N-2 LNyN2 Pz, ?NJ,+*2L,)N-NJxK2J, M- ?JF20G0LJN ?!?B> [D? ppr ,0(JN [B= vqu # *2P [B= Z= wrqwq
ostr $/NJNGGN \,/NH+N PN- '-0vN2wKFN )02 02J+0-J2Lz*MLzyN2 z*ML-*2P 2z+J02zGN0PN- J2+N-2z+J02zGN- !N-/VJxK+*2LN2 PN, =z+*-,xK*+N, ] N2+,/-NxKN2P PNZ*-0/J,xKN2 EG0-zEz*2zCzyJ+z+-JxK+GJ2JN EEC ZD ppw B2 INPNF EzGGN ,J2P PzyNJ ,+N+, PJN 2z+*-,xK*+MzxKGJxKN2 DNy0+N *2P !N-y0+N * yNzxK+N2 [JN Z2+2zKFN PN- *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 #JN-L-*//N2 ,0(JN PN- >zH-0/K+N2 *2P yN2+KJ,xKN2 ^GLN2 ,+NGG+ *,+GJxK * PN2 zGGLNFNJ2N2 IN(NJG, ,/NJX,xKN ^2M0-PN -*2LN2 =NyN2 PN2 LN2N-NGGN2 Z-M0-PN-2J,,N2 PN- ^-yNJ+,,JxKN-KNJ+ LNK-+ Pz* z*xK Pz,, P*-xK Pz, ]NLNKN2 PN, DN(,,N-, HNJ2N ]NNJ2+-xK+JL*2L PN- yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 ]N ,JNPG*2L z2 PN- "2+N-,*xK*2L,,+NGGN N-M0GL+ PJN ZJ2V*,, z*M Pz, Z-LNy2J, KzyN2
rv EGJNLN(,,N-
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Hz22 [zKN- ,0GG+N L-*2P,+GJxK J2 EGJNLN(,,N-2 )02 *2+N-KzGy PN- '-0yN,+NGGN KN-z2LNLz2LN2 (N-PN2 B2 )JNGN2 EGGN2 J,+ PJN Z2+2zKFN )02 yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 '-0yN2 FJ+ (NJ+N-N2 [z+N2N-KNy*2LN2 )N-y*2PN2 PJN (NJ+ yN- PJN NJLN2+GJxKN Z2+2zKFN )02 B2PJ)JP*N2 PN- * *2+N-,*xKN2PN2 02J+0-J2L, z*M(2PJLN $z2JN-*2L,Fz2zKFN2 P*-xK LNMK-+ (N-PN2 ]J0G0LJ,xKN "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 *FMz,,N2 J2 PN- %NLNG NJ2N ENGP *2P NJ2N ?zy0- H0F/02N2+N Z, J,+ ,JxKN- * ,+NGGN2 Pz,, Z-LNy2J,,N z*, E-NJGz2P*2+N-,*xK*2LN2 *2P ?zy0-z2zG,N2 J22N-KzGy MN,+LNGNL+N- D-N2N2 )N-LGNJxKyz- ,J2P %N/-0P*JN- yz-HNJ+ *- DN(K-GNJ,+*2L L*+N- Z-LNy2J,,N ,0GG+N2 zGGN ]N+NJGJL+N2 ,0(0KG MPJN E-NJGz2P*2+N-,*xK*2LN2 zG, z*xK M- PJN ^-yNJ+,)0-L2LN JF ?zy0- -NLNGFJLN
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r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++
$xK*G*2L,/-0L-zFFN * PN2 '-0yN2zKFN *2P '-0yN2yNz-yNJ+*2L,>N+K0PN2 ,0 (JN *- #z020FJN PN- * *2+N-,*xKN2PN2 00,N EGNxK+N2 *2P ^-FGN*xK+N-LN(xK,N \Kz-0/K+z \Kz-zxNzN *,zF
rv EGJNLN(,,N-
urv
FN2LNMz,,+ ZJ2N *FMz,,N2PN-N [NX2J+J02 )02 NyN-zH-0/K+N2*2+N-,*xK*2LN2 PJN2N2 PN- Z-z-yNJ+*2L )02 D-*2PGzLN2 JF =z+*- ,xK*+ PN- ?z2PN,/VNLN *2P PN- z,,N-(J-+,xKzM+ [z, ,J2P ] -NLJ02zGN EG0 -N2GJ,+N2 !N-y-NJ+*2L,Hz-+N2 )NLN+z+J02,H*2PGJxKN ^-yNJ+N2 *2P [0H*FN2+z+J02N2 )02 !N-2PN-*2LN2 P*-xK ZJ2L-JdN *2P %N2z+*-JN-*2L,Fz2zKFN2 $NJ+ ZJ2MK -*2L PN- %%? ,J2P PJN >zH-0/K+N2 ]N,+z2P+NJG PN- H0G0LJ,xKN2 ]N(N-+*2L )LG @z/ rvpw [JN "2+N-,*xK*2L PN- >zH-0/K+N2)NLN+z+J02 N-M0GL+ (NxHFJLN-(NJ,N z2 -N /-,N2+z+J)N2 ^y,xK2J++N2 .*N- *F EGJNLN(,,N- y( N2+Gz2L )02 #-z2,NH+N2 FJ+ NJ2NF H0G0LJ,xK -NGN)z2+N2 D-zPJN2+N2 =NyN2 PN- LN2z*N2 ]N,xK-NJy*2L PN?zLN PN- "2+N-,*xK*2L,,+NGGN2 ,J2P M- PJN B2+N-/-N+z+J02 PN- Z-LNy2J,,N *,+GJxKN [z+N2 yN- DN(,,N-+/ *2P F0-/K0G0LJN ,0(JN Pz, $+-F*2L,)N-KzG+N2 )022 +N2 Pz* 20xK PJN ^*M2zKFN ,JL2JXHz2+N- $+-*2LN2 0PN- ]NGz,+*2LN2 [JN \Kz-zH+N-J,JN-*2L PN- !NLN+z+J02 ,0GG+N PN2 [NxH*2L,L-zP PN- NJ2NG2N2 *xK,M0-FN2 *2P PN-N2 EGxKN2z2+NJGN N2+KzG+N2 ]NJ PN- '-0yN2zKFN ,+NK+ PN0/+J,xKN ZJ2P-*xH JF !0-PN-L-*2P $JxK+H,+N2 *2P K2GJxKN CJGMN2 ,J2P Pz* FNJ,+ #zyNGGN rt $xK+,HzGz 2zxK @0KGN- prq )N-2PN-+ ^*, @0KGN- *2P Az2z*N- ppt $xK+,+*MN C*XLHNJ+
C*XLHNJ+,HGz,,N
w v u t
,NK- ,NG+N2 ,NG+N2 )N-y-NJ+N+ K*XL ,NK- K*XL
#zyNGGN rs $xK+,HzGz 2zxK ?02P0 pru )N-2PN-+ ^*,o )z2 PN NN- wv [NxH*2L ;_ h w u r w w v u t s r q p
k j v j vt j t jt jtwt jwtvt jvtut juttt jttst jst rt jrtqt jqtpt jpt
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osm 'K+0/Gw2H+02 [JN EGJNLN(,,N-yN(N-+*2L z2Kz2P PN- z.*z+J,xKN2 &*zGJ++,H0F/02N2+N PN- JF E-NJ(z,,N- ,xK(NyN2PN2 ^GLN2 'K+0/Gz2H+02 yN,xK-2H+ ,JxK ,J22)0GGN-(NJ,N z*M zxK+ 'Gz2H+02 MK-N2PN EGJNLN(,,N-+/N2 'Gz2H+02 MK-N2P ,J2P ,0GxKN EGJN LN(,,N- PJN JF $zJ,02FJ++NG (J,xKN2 ^/-JG *2P 0PJXHz+J02N2 )0-LN20FFN2 $*y+/N2yJGP*2L [JN Pz2zxK yN+-zxK+N+N2 #/N2 N, Kz2PNG+ ,JxK P*-xK(NL *F EG,,N *2P $+-FN P K L-N-N EGJNLN(,,N- ,J2P J2 #zyNGGN rq *,zFFN2 LN,+NGG+ [JN B2PJHz+J02 yNJNK+ ,JxK z*M PN2 $+-N,,0- Z*+-0/KJN-*2L
rv EGJNLN(,,N#zyNGGN rq +/N2
upt
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>J++NG(N-+yJGP*2L [ Z E
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DN,zF+FJ++NG
rv EGJNLN(,,N-
t
E- PN2 NJ+-z*F PN- '-0yN2zKFN LJy+ N, NJ2 MN,+LNGNL+N, ,0(0KG M- HGNJ2N (JN M- L-N-N EGJNLN(,,N- LG+JLN, NJ+MN2,+N- JF $/+,0FFN-CN-y,+ ^*L*,+ yJ, JH-0yN2+K0, NJLN2 ,JxK )0- zGGNF DGz,/Gz++N2 *2P 'Gz,+JHM0GJN2 PJN z2 LNNJL2N+N2 %zKFN2 JF DN(,,NN/02JN-+ (N-PN2 [N- !0-+NJG PJN,N- H2,+GJxKN2 $*y,+-z+N yN,+NK+ z*xK Pz-J2 Pz,, JK-N ]N,JNPG*2L,NJ+ LN2z* yNHz22+ J,+ )GGJL LGNJxKz-+JLN $*y,+-z+N )N-(N2PN+ *2P *2+N- LGNJxKz-+JLN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 PN- $+-F*2L z*,LN,N++ y( J2 LGNJxKN- #JNMN N/02JN-+ (N-PN2 H22N2 BK- =zxK+NJG J,+ PJN ^2MGGJLHNJ+ LNLN2yN- !N-G*,+N2 P*-xK N+-NFN $+-F*2L yNJ C0xK(z,,N- *2P )0- zGGNF PNF !z2PzGJ,F*, (z, yNJ 2JxK+ LN,xK++N- Z/0,J+J02 )JNGMzxK * !N-G*,+N2 PN- Z/02z+N MK-+
tu
r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++
E- Pz, >JH-0yN2+K0, GJNL+ NJ2N J2+N-2z+J02zGN =0-F*2L 2JxK+ )0- ]NLGJxK PN- /-zH+J,xKN2 ^*,LN,+zG+*2L H2,+GJxKN- $*y,+-z+N *2P PJN )JNGMG+JLN2 ZJ2,z+ FLGJxKHNJ+N2 ,NJ KJN- z*M ]zxHKz*, psr E-JNP-JxK prv *2P J2,yN,02PN-N @-JNL ppp )N-(JN,N2
ost XFN-LN2*2+N-,*uK*2L !JNGN DN(,,N-J2,NH+N2 )N-y-J2LN2 2*- NJ2N2 (N22 z*xK ,NK- Gz2LN2 #NJG JK-N, ?N yN2,HG*, JF z,,N- Z-,+ PJN N-(zxK,N2N2 #JN-N PJN BFzLJ2N, N2+,+NJLN2 PNF z,,N- $JN H22N2 zG, ZFN-LN2 N-Mz,,+ (N-PN2 (JxH *2P >z-+N2 ppp ZFN- LN2*2+N-,*xK*2LN2 ,J2P NJ2N (N-+)0GGN >N+K0PN *F yNJ B2,NH+N2 ^*M,xKG*,, yNzGGN )0-Kz2PN2N2 #zz * yNH0FFN2 Pz )JNGMzxK PJN ?z-)N2 2JxK+ KJ2-NJxKN2P ,/N JX,xK yN,+JFFyz- ,J2P =NyN2 PJ-NH+NF ^y,zFFNG2 )02 BFzLJ2N, FJ+ 0PN- 0K2N @N,xKN- H0FFN2 Ez2LLN-+N *2P ?JxK+MzGGN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N- @02,+-*H+J02 *F ZJ2 ,z+ ] z*M PNF DN(,,N- 0PN- Pz-yN- N/02JN-+N $xKG/M+-JxKN- ?JxK+MzGGN2 yNJ PN2N2 PJN VJNLN2PN2 #JN-N FJ++NG, ?N*xK+,+0d-K-N2 z2LNG0xH+ (N-PN2 ,0(JN ,0LN2z22+N >zGzJ,NMzGGN2 yNJ PN2N2 PJN #JN-N z2 ,N2H-NxK+N2 2PN2 N-yN*+N+ (N- PN2 E- PJN %0*+J2NFN,,*2L J,+ PJN >N+K0PN J2 PN- %NLNG * z*M(2PJL *2P (NLN2 PN- 20+(N2PJLN2 Z/0,J+J02 *2P z-+*2L PN- DN-+N z*xK ,+-z2MGGJL C0xK(z,,N- !z2PzGJ,F*, )LG #J++JN- ppp ZJ2N J2+N-N,,z2+N >N+K0PN J,+ NyN2MzGG, PJN ^*M ,zFFG*2L )02 '*//N2KGGN2 PN- *xHFxHN2 \KJ-020FJPN2 )02 PN- z,,N-0yN- VxKN PN22 PJN,N B2,NH+N2L-*//N J,+ ,NK- )JNGLN,+zG+JL *2P z2Kz2P PN- '*//N2KGGN2 L*+ yN,+JFFyz- )LG [B= Z= tps
oss [J0G0LJ,uKN "2+N-,*uK*2L PN, C/0-KNwG, [N- ?NyN2,-z*F *2+N-KzGy PN- EG*,, 0PN- ]zxK,0KGN Pz, ?xHN2,,+NF (J,xKN2 $xK0++N-@JN, *2P $z2P C/0-KNzG z*xK K/0-KNJ,xKN, B2+N-,+J+JzG $xK(0N-yNG ps J,+ ,0(0KG FJ+ PNF D-*2P(z,,N- zG, z*xK FJ+ PNF EG*,,(z,,N- J2 INPN- CJ2 ,JxK+ N2L )N-H2/M+ [JN $+-F*2L J,+ GJ2Nz- ,xK(zxK *2P V*,,zy(-+, LN-JxK+N+ >J+ PNF EG*,,(z,,N- yN,+NK+ xKNFJ,xK *2P yJ0G0LJ,xK N2LN- ^*,+z*,xK B2 PNF GJxK+G0,N2 %z*F H22N2 z*N- ]zH+N-JN2 *2P '-0+00N2 z*xK yN,+JFF+N >zH-0 0N2 ,0(JN )JNGN EGJN(z,,N-+JN-N Pz*N-2P 0PN- NJ+(NJ,N GNyN2 ,0 Pz,, NJ2 -NLN^*,+z*,xK yN,+NK+ ]N,02PN-, A*LN2P,+zPJN2 *2P [z*N-,+zPJN2 PN, >zH-000yN2 +K0, *2P )02 EJ,xKN2 KzyN2 KJN- J2 yN,+JFF+N2 Z2+(JxHG*2L,/Kz,N2 NJ+(NJ,N JK-N2 ^*MN2+KzG+ z*xK zG, EG*xK+-z*F yNJ C0xK(,,N-2 [z-z*, N-LJy+ ,JxK ,NJ2N L-0N ]NPN*+*2L M- Pz, JNPN-yN,JNPG*2L,/0+N2JzG yN2+KJ,xKN- #JN-N *2P z*xK M- PJN JNPN-z2,JNPG*2L )02 ,JxK ,NGy,+ N-KzG+N2PN2 ?zxK,/0/*Gz+J02N2 ^*ML-*2P PJN,NE*2H+J02N2 J,+ Pz, C/0-KNzG J2 GN++N- NJ+ )N-,+-H+ J2 PN2 E0H*, PN, DN(,,N- *2P =z+*-,xK*+N, PN- EJ,xKN-NJ *2P PN- z,,N-(J-+,xKzM+ LNH0FFN2 $+-*2LN2 yJ, KJ2 *- !N-KJ2PN-*2L PJN,N- E*2H+J02N2 +-N+N2 J2 )JNGN2 EGJNLN(,,N-2 z*M zG, E0GLN PN- P*-xK N-0,J)N2 ENJ2Fz+N-JzGNJ2+-zL N2+,+z2PN2N2 ^yPJxK+*2L PN, C/0 -KNzG FJ+ *,N+N2 PN- '0-N2 PN- @0GFz+J02 [*-xK ,JN LNK+ PN- K/0-KNJ,xKN '0 -N2-z*F )N-G0-N2 ]-*2HN wq *- >N,,*2L *2P ]N(N-+*2L PN- @0GFz+J02 Kz+ >GGN- wq NJ2 NJ2MzxKN, >N,,)N-MzK-N2 )0-LNGNL+
rv EGJNLN(,,N-
tt
[JN yJ0G0LJ,xKN "2+N-,*xK*2L PN, C/0-KNzG, J,+ ,xK(JN-JL *2P JK-N >N+K0PN2 ,J2P +NJG(NJ,N 20xK J2 PN- Z2+(JxHG*2L yNL-JdN2 =NyN2 D-zy*2LN2 JF LN(,,N- 2zKN2 "MN- ,J2P )N-,xKJNPN2N DN-+N (JN $xKGzL-0K-N 0PN- @N-2,+NxHN- NyN2,0 J2 DNy-z*xK (JN PJN Z/0,J+J02 )02 $zFFNG-0K-N2 "2LN,+-+N $NPJFN2+/-0yN2 H2 2N2 P*-xK ZJ2M-JN-N2 FJ+ CJGMN PN, ,0 LN2z22+N2 E-NNNx0-J2L LN(022N2 (N-PN2 )LG Pz* #J++JN- ppp [N220xK (J-P PJN,NF $/NJzGGNyN2,-z*F z*ML-*2P PN0 L D-2PN *2NKFN2P L-N-N ]NPN*+*2L *H0FFN2 F,,N2 )LG ]-*2HN w wq #K*GJ2 *2P CzK2 wq ]-JPP0xH wp EGNxHN2,+NJ2 *2P $xKFJP+ wp ]NLGJxK PN- >N+K0PN2 ,JNKN J2,yN,02PN-N [zKF N+ zG ws *2P (((K/0-KNJ ,xKN,2N+(N-HPN ,0(JN (((PLGN)PN ^@ D-*2P(z,,N-
osr "2+N-,*uK*2L +NF/0--N- DN(,,N#NF/0--N EGJNLN(,,N- zG,0 &*NGGN2 ]xKN *2P +NJG(NJ,N z*xK EG,,N PJN NJ+ (NJ,N z*,+-0xH2N2 (*-PN2 Gz2LN NJ+ )02 PN- E0-,xK*2L (JN )02 PN- z,,N-(J-+ ,xKzM+ Hz*F yNzxK+N+ PzyNJ H22N2 ,JN J2 Fz2xKN2 %NLJ02N2 K*XL )0-H0FFN2 *2P NJ2 2z+-GJxKN, 'K20FN2 ,NJ2 ^G, ]NJ,/JNGN ,NJN2 PJN Fz-Hz2+N2 @z-,+LNyJN+N LN2z22+ 0PN- ?z2P,xKzM+,-*FN J2 PN2N2 LN-J2L FxK+JLN 0yN-VxKN22zKN D-*2P (z,,N-K0-J02+N yN,02PN-, JF KP-0G0LJ,xKN2 $0FFN-KzGyIzK- M- PJN Lz2IK-JLN $/NJ,*2L PN- &*NGGN2 *2P EGJNLN(,,N- 2JxK+ N-LJNyJL LN2*L ,J2P [*-xK =*+*2L [-zJ2zLN2 JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 z*M PJN ^2(N,N2KNJ+ yN,+JFF+N- $+0dN LN,xKG0,,N2 (N-PN2 *2P )JxN )N-,z N22 INP0xK )N-,xKJNPN2N >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 0PN- $+FFN FJ+ )N-,xKJNPN2N- '-0P*H+J)J++ M- PN2 LGNJxKN2 DN-*xK,,+0d )0- Kz2PN2 ,J2P J,+ NJ2N /0,J+J)N @0--NGz+J02 )02 DN-*xK,,+0d>N2LN *2P >JH-00- Lz2J,FN2zKG 2JxK+ FLGJxK [z, DGNJxKN Hz22 *+-NdN2 (N22 DN-*xK,,+0dN P*-xK 00/Gz2H+02E-z 0PN- ZH-N+J02 M-NJLN,N++ (N-PN2 [N- ]NL-Jd yJ0LN2N DN-*xK,,+0dN J,+ z*M $*y,+z2N2 yN,xK-2H+ PN-N2 LN,zF+N, @0KGN2,+0dLN-,+ )02 PN2 /-0P*JN-N2PN2 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 z*MLNyz*+ (J-P *2P PN-N2 ]JGP*2L z*M N2Fz+J,xKN2 "F,N+*2LN2 yN-*K+ ]NJ PN- "2+N-,*xK*2L PNyJ0LN2N2 DN-*xK,,+0dN JF z,,N- F,,N2 P-NJ )N-,xKJNPN2N E-zH+J02N2 *2+N-,xKJN PN2 (N-PN2o ZJ2 #NJG PN- yJ0LN2N2 DN-*xK,,+0dN GJNL+ F0GNH*Gz-PJ,/N-, JF z,,N- LNG,+ )0- ZJ2 (NJ+N-N- #NJG J,+ P*-xK )z2PN- zzG,@-M+N NGNH+-0,+z+J,xKN [J/0G[J/0G ^2JNK*2L *2P z,,N-,+0dy-xHN2]J2P*2LN2 J2 'z-+JHNG2 0PN- N2LN2 )02 '-0G,N'-0P*H+N2 * X2PN2 PJN z*M PN2 "F,z+ 0-Lz2J ,xKN- @02+zFJ2z+J02N2 0-Lz2J,xKN- *,+N PN- =K-FNPJN2 0PN- 0-Lz2J,xKN- $+0M MN PN- DNM,+0/MN2 *-xH*MK-N2 ,J2P zKG-NJxKN !NxKz2J,F*, N-KNyGJxKN $xK(JN-JLHNJ+N2 *2P ,xK-2H+ PJN ^*,,zLNH-zM+ ,0GxKN- "2 +N-,*xK*2LN2 NJ2 ZJ2 FLGJxKN- ^*,(NL J,+ PJN ]N,+JFF*2L PN- FzJFzGN2 E-NJ,N+ *2L,FN2LN NJ2N, DN-*xK,,+0d, *2+N- PNX2JN-+N2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 ZJ2 yNPN*+,zFN, '-0yGNF yNJ PN- ^2zG,N PN- DN-*xK,,+0dN ,+NGG+ PJN ^-+NMzH+ yJGP*2L yNJ PN- '-0yN2zKFN *2P ^2zG+JH Pz- PJN 2*- ,NK- ,xK(N- * yNKN--,xKN2
ru ]J0LN2N DN-*xK, *2P DN,xKFzxH,,+0dN
tp
J,+ ZJ2JLN $*y,+z2N2 ,J2P ,0 GzyJG Pz,, ,JN ,JxK yN-NJ+, yNJ H*-NF @02+zH+ FJ+ KNJN2 N+KG+KJ0N,+N-2 >N+KG+KJ0zxN+z+ *2P >N+KG+KJ0/-0/J02z+ NJ2KN- A++2N- *2P CzK2N pq B2 PNF )N-(z2P+N2 02z, L*++*Gz LNNJL+ KzyN2 [JN,N- >JH-0VzLNGGz+ J2LN, +JN-+ 'K0-FJPJ*F +N2*N *2P ,N++ PzyNJ HNJ2 w>N+KGJ,0y0-2N0G M-NJ Pz, J2 PJN,NF \z20yzH+N-J*F LNy*2PN2 J,+ Z, Hz22 Pz)02 z*,LNLz2LN2 (N-PN2 Pz,, NJ2 ^yyz* PJN,N- !N-yJ2P*2L ,+z++X2PN+ $*LJ*-z N+ zG ppr >N,,*2LN2 K0-J02+zGN- *2P )N-+JHzGN- @02N2+-z+J02,'-0XGN )02 DN0,FJ2 J2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 $NN2 KzyN2 LNNJL+ Pz,, N-KNyGJxKN @02N2+-z+J02,*2+N-,xKJNPN J2 NJ2NF z,,N-H-/N- )0-Kz2PN2 ,NJ2 H22N2 BF -JxK,NN (*-PN2 #JNMN2/-0XGN yN- NJ2 AzK- z*MLN20FFN2 PJN FJ+ ^*,2zKFN *- NJ+ PN- !0GGJ-H*Gz+J02 NJ2N $xKJxK+*2L PN- DN0,FJ2@02N2+-z+J02N2 z*MNJL+N2 Z-KK+N @02N2+-z+J02N2 (*-PN2 JF Z/JGJF2J02 yN0yzxK+N+ "2LN(K2GJxK K0KN @02N2+-z+J02N2 /z-+JHNG LNy*2PN2N2 DN0,FJ2, H022+N2 z2 PN- $NN0yN-VxKN J2 PN2 0yN-N2 xF LNM*2PN2 (N-PN2 [*--N- N+ zG ppp [JN DN0,FJ2 *2P w>N+KGJ,0y0-2N0G@02N2+-z+J02N2 NJ2N, z,,N-, (N-PN2 INP0xK 2JxK+ 2*- P*-xK /Gz2H+J,xKN \z20yzH+N-JN2 yN,+JFF+ ,02PN-2 z*xK Pz, ]N2+K0, P K NxKz2J,F*, PN- *- E-NJ ,N+*2L )02 DN0,FJ2 *2P w>N+KGJ,0y0-2N0G P*-xK yN2+KJ,xKN 0 20+N-/N2N z2+K-0/0LN2N2 "-,/-*2L, ,J2P *2P yN- K*,GJxKN ^y(,,N- NJ2LN+-zLN2 (N-PN2 A++2N- ppw ppt ppp [JN J2 $NN2 z*M+-N+N2PN2 >020+N-/N2N A++2NN+ zG pqsn \K0-*, N+ zG ppw )02 PN2N2 ?JF02N2 q\J2N0G Z*xzG/+0G *2P \zF/KN- zF K*XL,+N2 z2*+-NdN2 ,J2P P-M+N2 )02 yJ,KN- *2yNHz22+N2 'K+0 /Gz2H+02J2Jz+*-J,JN -*2L PN- $0-/+J02,Hz-+*,xKN2 D-N2N2 LN,N++ >N+zGGyzGLN2/*F/N2 KzyN2 ,JxK zG, LNNJL2N+ N-(JN,N2 *F NJ2N @02+zFJ2z+J02 PN- '-0yN * )N-FNJPN2 [JN ^2GzLN F*,, PJxK+ ,NJ2 Pz ?zy0-G*M+ FNJ,+ FJ+ !z,,N2 ,/NH+-0FN+-JN wtt )N-,xKJNPN2N Jx-0x,+J2N >Jx-0)J-JPJ2N ^N-*LJ 20,J2N ^2zyzN20/N/+J2N *2P *2yNHz22+N 'N/+JPN JPN2+JXJN-+ PN-N2 J-H*2L 20xK (N2JL *2+N-,*xK+ J,+ E0-xKN-+ *2P Z-Kz-P /N-, >J++ [zKN- J,+ z2*2NKFN2 Pz,, PN-NJ+ HNJ2N,(NL, zGGN /0+N2+JNGG yJ0zH+J)N2 0PN- Lz- +0J,xKN2 $+0dN z*, \z 20yzH+N-JN2 yNHz22+ ,J2P [JN KLJN2J,xKN ]N(N-+*2L PN- \z20yzH+N-JN2 (J-P P*-xK NJ2N2 >z2LNG z2 yN Gz,+yz-N2 N/JPNFJ0G0LJ,xKN2 $+*PJN2 N-,xK(N-+ zKG-NJxKN Z-H-z2H*2LN2 )02 >N2 ,xKN2 2zxK Z/0,J+J02 LNLN2yN- \z20yzH+N-JN2 ,J2P yNHz22+ \K0-*, N+ zG w ] PJN z+/J,xKN ?*2LN2N2+2P*2L )02 $0GPz+N2 J2 Z2LGz2P 2zxK PNF $xK(JFF *2P Z,HJF0-0GGN2#-zJ2J2L J2 NJ2NF ,+z-H FJ+ +0J,xKN- >Jx-0x,+J, ,// yNGz,+N+NF DN(,,N- #*-2N- N+ zG pp PJN +NJG, GNyN2,LNMK-GJxKN Z-H-z2H*2L )02 u 'N- ,02N2 )0-(JNLN2P @J2PN-2 J2 ^*,+-zGJN2 2zxK PN- @*/MN-,*GMz+]NKz2PG*2L PN>z,,N2N2+(JxHG*2L )02 \GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J, -zxJy0-,HJJ J2 NJ2N- #-J2H(z,,N-+zG,/N- -N EzGx02N- ppv *2P PJN yN- t #0PN,MGGN J2 ]-z,JGJN2 2zxK Z/0,J+J02 LNLN2 yN- +0J,xKN- >Jx-0x,+J, ,// P*-xK CzNF0PJzG,N A0xKJF,N2 N+ zG ppq ^GGN2 EzGGyNJ,/JNGN2 J,+ LNFNJ2,zF Pz,, z2PN-N "-,zxKN2 PN- Z-H-z2H*2LN2 2JxK+ LNM*2 PN2 (N-PN2 H022+N2 *2P NJ2N Z/0,J+J02 LNLN2yN- +0J,xKN2 \z20yzH+N-JN2 ,+z++ Mz2P PJN INP0xK 2JxK+ .*z2+JXJN-+ (N-PN2 H022+N ?NPJLGJxK JF EzGGN PN- [JzG,N #0+N2 H022+N LNNJL+ (N-PN2 Pz,, PJN #0J2H02N2+-z+J02N2 JF DN(NyN PN- !N- ,+0-yN2N2 PN2N2 N2+,/-zxKN2 PJN J2 #JN-)N-,*xKN2 2zxK NJ2N- ?N+zGP0,J, LNFN,,N2 (N-PN2 ^GGN-PJ2L, PNF02,+-JN-+N2 EzGx02N- N+ zG pqv M- PJN $+zP+ ^-FJPzGN NJ2N2 PJ-NH+N2 ]N*L (J,xKN2 N-KK+N- ?NyN-N2F^H+J)J++ JF $N-*F 2*- PN,IN2JLN2 #NJG, PN- ]N)GHN-*2L PN- z*, NJ2N- #-J2H(z,,N-+zG,/N--N )N-,0-L+ (J-P *2P PN-
s j w
>Jx-0x,+J, 'Gz2H+0+K-J NxKz2J,F*, PN- #0JJ++
HNJ2N [z+N2
yG0xHJN-N2 =z+-J*F@z2GN *2P ,0FJ+ 2N*-02zGN $JL2zGyN-+-zL*2L 9 ^+F*2L,GKF*2L
`` w u yG0xHJN-+ /0,+,2z/+J,xKN [N/0Gz-J N-,+N ,z+J02 *2P ,0FJ+ 2N*-02zGN $JL2zG yN-+-zL*2L 9 ^+F*2L,GKF*2L ^22K-L
HNJ2N [z+N2
HNJ2N [z+N2
u
nLP Y HL
=Jx-0x,+J2?% >Jx-0x,+J, xxGJ,xKN 'N/+JPN 'Gz2H+0+K-J FJ+ ^[[^z Jx-0x,+J2N )0-(JNLN2P J22N-KzGy PN- \z20yzH+N-JN2 NGGN2 )0- *2P (N-PN2 2*- yNJ PN-N2 ^y,+N-yN2 *2P ^*V,*2L ?,J, J2 Pz, *F LNyN2PN z,,N- zyLNLNyN2 [zP*-xK Hz22 N, z*xK M- >Jx-0x,+J2N * K0KN2 @02 N2+-z+J02N2 z2 LNG,+NF #0J2 H0FFN2 INP0xK 2*- H*-NJ+JL ZJ2N $+*PJN z2 qv '-0yN2 z*, vt DN(,,N-2 J2 [N*+,xKGz2P Mz2P 2*- J2 ; '-0N2+ PN- '-0yN2 LNG,+N >Jx-0x,+J2N J2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 )02 FNK- zG, KLG Ez,+2N- N+ zG w E- JF z,,N- LNG,+N >Jx-0x,+J2N ,J2P FJH-0yJNGGN ^yyz*(NLN FJ+ CzGy(N-+, NJ+N2 JF ]N-NJxK )02 NJ2JLN2 #zLN2 yNHz22+n )02 LN-J2LN-N- ]NPN*+*2L ,J2P z*xK /K0+0xKNFJ,xKN z,,N2 z2 PN- z, ,N-0yN-VxKN zHH*F*GJN-N2 *2P )0F J2P *,zFFN2LN+-JNyN2 (N-PN2 FNJ,+ zF "MN- *2P J2,yN,02PN-N J2 ]*xK+N2 B2 PJN,N2 ,0 LN2z22+N2 ]G+N277 GJNL+ PJN NGG PJxK+N *2P N2+,/-NxKN2P z*xK PJN #0J2H02N2+-z+J02N2 +z*,N2PMzxK 0PN- FNK- yNPN- JF 0dN2N2 z,,N- DNGNLN2+GJxK N2+,+NKN2 K0KN #0J2H02N2+-z+J02N2 z*xK Pz P*-xK Pz,, ,JxK >z++N2 )02 yN2+KJ,xKN2 P K zF DN(,,N-L-*2P GNyN2PN2 \z 20yzH+N-JN2 zyG,N2 *2P z2 Pz, "MN- +-NJyN2 [N- !N-NK- )02 ,0GxKNF >z+N-JzG Kz+ yN-NJ+, FNK-MzxK *F #0P )02 C*2PN2 LNMK-+ C*XL H022+N2 J22N-KzGy NJ2N- ^-+ z*xK DN20+/N2 zG, @*G+*-,+zFF J,0GJN-+ (N-PN2 PJN NJ2 #0J2 2JxK+ /-0P*JN-N2 (z, 2zxK K2GJxKN2 Z-MzK-*2LN2 yNJ DN -*xK, *2P DN,xKFzxH,,+0dN2 z*xK N-(z-+N+ (*-PN E- >Jx-0x,+J2 J,+ J2(J,xKN2 Pz, DN2 yNHz22+ Pz,, M- PN2 >*G+JN2FH0F/GN H0PJN-+ PN- >Jx-0x,+J2 ,2 +KN+J,JN-+ Z, NJxK2N+ ,JxK zy Pz,, DN20+/N2 PJN PJN,N, DN2 yN,J+N2 z*xK ,+N+, >Jx-0x,+J2 N2+KzG+N2 [z, yNPN*+N+ Pz,, >Jx-0x,+J2 NJ2 H02,+J+*+J)N- NGGyN,+z2P +NJG J,+ *2P PJN '-0P*H+J02 2JxK+ N-,+ P*-xK "F(NG+MzH+0-N2 J2P*JN-+ (J-P "F (NG+MzH+0-N2 yNNJ2V*,,N2 PN2 DNKzG+ 2*- (N2JL FzJFzG *F NJ2N2 EzH+0- )02 v yJ, t \K0-*, N+ zG w [JN #0J2H02N2+-z+J02 NJ2N- E-NJGz2P/0/*Gz+J02 J,+ ,0FJ+ )02 PN- DN20+/*,zFFN2,N+*2L zyK2LJL [JN KxK,+N2 >Jx-0x,+J2LNKzG+N J22N-KzGy PN- /z-+JH*G-N2 E-zH+J02 PN- '-0yN2 $N,+0277 J2 PJN,N2 '-0yN2 0M+ )0-(JNLN2P z*, \z20yzH+N-JN2NGGN2 yN,+NKN2P (*-PN2 J2 [N*+,xKGz2P yNJ [0FJ2z2 )02 'Gz2H+0+K-J -*yN,xN2, LNM*2PN2 K2GJxK K0KN DNKzG+N (JN, ' zLz-PKJJ z*M ^yy rrz >Jx-0x,+J, ,// N2+KJNG+ KJ2LNLN2 -*2P KzGy ,0 )JNG >Jx-0x,+J2 K2GJxKN Z-LNy2J,,N NJL+N2 ,JxK yNJ PN- !N-(N2P*2L )02 \KG0-0/KGGz zG, ]N*L,L-N PJN 2JxK+ PJN DN,zF+KNJ+ zGGN- 'z-+JHNG ,02PN-2 2*- Pz, 'K+0/Gz2H+02 Pz, J2 PJN,N2 $J+*z+J02N2 K*XL )0-(JNLN2P z*, PN- IN(NJ GJLN2 \z20yzH+N-JN2z-+ yN,+z2P (JPN-,/JNLNG+ ^yy rry [z PJN,N ]N*L,L-N z*ML-*2P JK-N, -z,xKN2 *2P -NGz+J) NJ2MzxKN2 ^2zG,N2)N-MzK-N2, ,JNKN ^y ,xK2J++ rws J2 )JNGN2 ~yN-(zxK*2L,/-0L-zFFN2 -NLNGFJL zG, 'z-zFN+N- M- PJN @02N2+-z+J02 z2 ^GLN2 *2P \z20yzH+N-JN2 LNFN,,N2 (J-P H22N2 z*, >Jx-0 x,+J2\KG0-0/KGGz %NGz+J02N2 (JN PN- J2 ^yy rry Pz-LN,+NGG+N2 (0-,+ xz,N77
tws
r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++
^22zKFN2 M- PJN >Jx-0x,+J2@02N2+-z+J02 /-0 ?J+N- z,,N- zyLNGNJ+N+ (N-PN2 (N22 GN++N-N 2JxK+ PJ-NH+ yN-(zxK+ (J-P BF 0yN2 LN2z22+N2 >N,,/-0L-zFF (z -N2 /-0 ?J+N- z,,N- PJN @02N2+-z+J02N2 z2 NGGN2 LNy*2PN2NF >Jx-0x,+J2 yNJ [0FJ2z2 )02 ' zLz-PKJJ zF KxK,+N2 ^yy rrx Pz PJN,N ^-+ NJ2N-,NJ+, ,NKK0KN DNKzG+N J2 PN2 NGGN2 z*M(NJ,+ *2P z2PN-N-,NJ+, J2 ,NK- K0KN2 NGGPJxK+N2 )0-H0FF+ ^GGN-PJ2L, (*-PN2 PJN,N '-0yN2 JF 0dN2N2 z,,N- 0M+ yN- PN- +JNM,+N2 $+NGGN PN, DN(,,N-, N2+20FFN2 ^2PN-, )N-KG+ N, ,JxK yNJ "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 )02 ]G+N277 zF "MN-o ZJ2 >N,, /-0L-zFF N2+Gz2L PN- ]N-GJ2N- Cz)NG JF $0FFN- ppr (K-N2P NJ2N- >Jx-0x,+J, >z,,N2N2+(JxHG*2L NJL+N M- PJN CGM+N zGGN- '-0yN2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 yN- KLG z2 NGGLNy*2PN2NF >Jx-0x,+J2 PN- '-0yN2 N2+KJNG+ yN- KLG *2P $/J+ N2(N-+N N--NJxK+N2 *2P wu KLG ^yy rq ^*dGGJL J,+ z2 PJN,N2 Z-LNy 2J,,N2 MN-2N- PJN yN- PN2 NJ+-z*F )02 FNK-N-N2 0xKN2 (N2JL )z-JzyGN %NGz+J02 )02 >Jx-0x,+J2 * \KG0-0/KGGz )02 yJ, w PJN Pz-z*M KJ2(NJ,+ Pz,, J2 PJN,NF NJ+-z*F (N2JL !N-,xKJNy*2L (J,xKN2 DN20+/N2 FJ+ *2P 0K2N PNF DN2 M- >Jx -0x,+J2/-0P*H+J02 ,+z++Mz2P !z-JzyNG (z- PzKN- (N2JLN- PN- FJ++GN-N >Jx-0x,+J2 DNKzG+ PN- \z20yzH+N-JN2NGGN2 )JNGFNK- INP0xK PJN NGGPJxK+N /-0 ?J+N- z,,N- [JN Dz++*2LN2 >Jx-0x,+J, *2P 'Gz2H+0+K-J LNK-N2 * PN2 K*XL,+N2 \z20 yzH+N-JN2 J2 [N*+,xKGz2P Z2+,/-NxKN2P (*-PN2 J2 PN- 0 L $+*PJN Ez,+2N- N+ zG pppz *2P w J2 -*2P z zGGN- '-0yN2 J2,LN,zF+ suw *2P yN- PN- CGM+N zGGN*2+N-,*xK+N2 DN(,,N- wu >Jx-0x,+J2N 2zxKLN(JN,N2 ^GGN-PJ2L, K2L+ PJN =zxK(NJ,K*XLHNJ+ N2L )02 PN- C*XLHNJ+ PN- "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 zyo $0 (*-PN2 >Jx -0x,+J2N J2 r; zGG PN-IN2JLN2 DN(,,N- LNM*2PN2 PJN M+N- zG, (NJFzG *2P J2 pu; zGGN- PJN M+N- zG, FzG yN/-0y+ (*-PN2 [JN, ,/JNLNG+ PJN K0KN zK-,xKNJ2 GJxKHNJ+ (JPN- FJ+ PN- >Jx-0x,+J2 /-0P*JN-N2PN2 ^-+N2 JF AzK-N,Gz*M NJ+(NJGJL z*M+-N+N2 =N*N-N "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 *F !0-H0FFN2 )02 \GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J2 J2 [N*+,xK Gz2P NJLN2 Pz,, PJN,N, #0J2 K2GJxK K*XL (JN >Jx-0x,+J2N J,+ Ez,+2N- N+ zG wr [JN yJ,Gz2L LNFN,,N2N2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 GJNLN2 JF ]N-NJxK yJ, FzJFzG w KLG %xHN- N+ zG wr BF DNLN2,z+ * >Jx-0x,+J2N2 GJNL+ J2 PN- %NLNG NJ2 K0KN- ^2+NJG z2 \= LNG,+ JF z,,N- )0- %xHN- N+ zG wr (0yNJ J2 Fz2xKN2 DN(,,N-2 \GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J2 z*ML-*2P LN-J2LN- ^yyz*-z+N2 20xK 0xKN2 2zxK ^y,+N-yN2 PN- /-0P*JN-N2PN2 \z20yzH+N-JN2 2zxK*(NJ,N2 J,+ ^G, Cz*/+/-0P*N2+ )02 \GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J2 \= J2 [N*+,xKGz2P J,+ yJ,Gz2L ^/Kz2J0FN202 V0,z.*zN JPN2+JXJN-+ '-N*NG N+ zG ws PJN Z-LNy2J,,N PN- E-NJ Gz2P*2+N-,*xK*2LN2 (NJ,N2 INP0xK z*xK z*M z2PN-N ^/Kz2J0FN202^-+N2 ,0(JN ^2zyzN2z zG, '-0P*N2+N2 %xHN- N+ zG wr \GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J, -zxJy0-,HJJ NJ2 yNHz22+N- \='-0P*N2+ +-0/J,xKN- DN(,,N- ] ^*,+-zGJN2 J,+ zG, =N0/K+ J2 [N*+,xKGz2P (z- FJ++GN-(NJGN (NJ+ )N-y-NJ+N+ zGGN yJ,Gz2L J,0GJN-+N2 @*G+*-,+F FN z*, PN*+,xKN2 DN(,,N-2 /-0P*JN-N2 INP0xK HNJ2 \= Ez,+2N- N+ zG wv [z PJN \='-0P*N2+N2 J2 [N*+,xKGz2P K*XLN- ]N,+z2P+NJG PN, KNJFJ,xKN2 'K +0/Gz2H+02, ,J2P Hz22 Pz)02 z*,LNLz2LN2 (N-PN2 Pz,, yNJ KKN-N2 '0/*Gz+J02, PJxK+N2 PJN,N- ^-+N2 z*xK J2 [N*+,xKGz2P KKN-N @02N2+-z+J02N2 )02 \= 2JxK+ z*,*,xKGJNN2 ,J2P [JN J2 #zy rwq z*MLNMK-+N2 =N*-0+0J2N ,J2P (N2JLN- K*XL $JN (*-PN2 J2 NJ2N- $+*PJN z2 u '-0yN2 IN 2zxK #0J2 2*- J2 -*2P PN- '-0yN2 *2P PN- DN(,,N- v yJ, q DN(,,N- IN 2zxK #0J2 LNM*2PN2 \K0-*, N+ zG w
rt \z20yzH+N-JN2+0J2N Microcystis
Microcystin pro Seston in µg g-1 TG
6000
P. agardhii
P. rubescens
twr
5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0
(a)
n
51
39
32
n
48
34
20
49
32
10
Microcystin pro Chl.-a in µg µg-1
4 3 2 1 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0
zellgebundenes Microcystin pro Liter in µg l-1
(b)
(c)
500 400 300 200 100 50 40 30 20 10 0 n
^yy rr >Jx-0x,+J2@02N2+-z+J02N2 J2 [N*+,xKGz2P K*XLN- \z20yzH+N-JN2'0/*Gz+J0 2N2 Ez,+2N- N+ zG w ^2LNLNyN2 (N-PN2 wtrt 'N-N2+JGN @,+N2 >NPJz2(N-+N &*N- ,+-JxK JF @z,+N2 tpt 'N-N2+JGN &*N-yzGHN2 z*N-KzGy PN- @,+N2 *2P Z+-NF(N-+N z B2 ]N*L *F $N,+02#-0xHN2LN(JxK+ =N+ FJ+ u F >z,xKN2(NJ+N y B2 ]N*L *F DNKzG+ z2 \KG0-0/KGGz x NGGLNy*2PN2N, >Jx-0x,+J2 /-0 ?J+N- z,,N-
=N*-0+0J2N (N-PN2 yNJ \z20+0J2$+*PJN2 LN2N-NGG (N2JLN- *2+N-,*xK+ PJN >NK- zKG PN- $+*PJN2 Kz+ ,JxK yJ,Gz2L z*M PJN >Jx-0x,+J2N H02N2+-JN-+ 0 [z+N2 )0- GJNLN2 ,J2P PJN ]N0yzxK+*2LN2 K2GJxKo ^*xK J2 =0-(NLN2 [2NFz-H '0-+*LzG
twq
r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++ Summe aller Microcystine [µg l -1] 100000 10000 1000 100 10 1
14.7.1997 12.8.1997 21.8.1997 31.8.1997
(U): Unterlauf der Havel
l ve Ha
(U)
^yy rq $+z-H ,xK(z2HN2PN @02N2+-z+J02N2 )02 >Jx-0x,+J2 N2+Gz2L PN- Cz)NG ]N-GJ2 (K-N2P NJ2N- >z,,N2N2+(JxHG*2L )02 >Jx-0x,+J, ,// JF A*GJ *2P ^*L*,+ ppr \K0-*, w $ q
*2P @0-Nz +-z+N2 =N*-0+0J2N 2*- J2 (N2JLN- zG, PN- *2+N-,*xK+N2 DN(,,N0PN- '-0yN2 z*M (K-N2P >Jx-0x,+J2N J2 yN- s; PN- '-0yN2 LNM*2PN2 (*-PN2 ,JNKN *,zFFN2,+NGG*2L J2 \K0-*, w
oqs %J,JHN2 M- PJN FN2,uKGJuKN DN,*2PKNJ+ ^*ML-*2P PN, ENKGN2, N/JPNFJ0G0LJ,xKN- Z-LNy2J,,N Hz22 NJ2N %J,JH0zy,xK+*2L M- zH*+ +PGJxKN !N-LJM+*2LN2 2*- z*M PN- ]z,J, )02 [z+N2 *- @02N2+-z+J02 PN\z20+0J2N JF )02 >N2,xKN2 LN2*++N2 z,,N- *2P PN2 +0JH0G0LJ,xKN2 B2M0- Fz+J02N2 z*, #JN-)N-,*xKN2 N-M0GLN2 E- @GNJ2HJ2PN- PJN JF "MN-yN-NJxK ,/JNGN2 Hz22 PJN ,+-H,+N DNMK-P*2L z2LN20FFN2 (N-PN2 Pz ,JxK P0-+ K*XL PJN KxK,+N2 NGGPJxK+N2 z2-NJxKN-2 ~yN-+-L+ Fz2 PJN z2 >*,N2 *2+N-,*xK+N zH*+N #0JJ++ yN- 0-zGN ^*M2zKFN LNFN,,N2 zG, ?[t )02 t KL >Jx-0x,+J2?% /-0 HL @- /N-LN(JxK+ #zy rwq z*M >N2,xKN2 ,0 GJNL+ NJ2N +PGJxKN [0,J, M- NJ2 @GNJ2HJ2P
rt \z20yzH+N-JN2+0J2N
twp
)02 HL @-/N-LN(JxK+ yNJ t KL E- NF/X2PGJxKN @J2PN- H22+N z*xK PJN,N, N-+N, +PGJxK (J-HN2 NGxKN- NGGFN2LN N2+,/-JxK+ PJN,` ^yy rr NJL+ Pz,, JF NGGFz+N-JzG yJ, * t KL #0J2 /-0 L #-0xHN2LN(JxK+ )0-H0FFN2 H22N2 DNK+ Fz2 )02 NJ2NF z,,N-z2+NJG J22N-KzGy PN- NGGN2 )02 N+(z s; z*, ,0 N2+,/-JxK+ PJN, wt L E-J,xK LN(JxK+ $0FJ+ Hz22 Pz, !N-,xKG*xHN2 )02 wt yJ, wt L -NJ2N2 \z20yzH+N-JN2>z +N-JzG, yN-NJ+, +PGJxK (J-HN2 ^GGN-PJ2L, J,+ PJN,N, Z+-NF$N2z-J0 *2(zK-,xKNJ2GJxK PN22 \z20yzH+N-JN2 +-N +N2 J2 PN- %NLNG 2JxK+ /*- ,02PN-2 J2 (,,-JLN2 $*,/N2,J02N2 z*M P K z*xK (J ,xKN2 PN2 NGGN2 yNX2PN+ ,JxK ,NGy,+ yNJ ^GLN2yG+N277 20xK NJ2 N-KNyGJxKN z,,N-z2+NJG [JN J2 ^yy rq LNNJL+N Z+-NF,J+*z+J02 z2 PN- Cz)NG FJ+ >Jx-0x, +J2H02N2+-z+J02N2 )02 yJ, * wu KLG Kz++N yN-NJ+, NJ2N @02,J,+N2 )02 Z-y,N2 ,*//N E- NJ2N ?N+zGP0,J, )02 t yJ, t KL K++N NJ2 HL ,xK(N-N, @J2P IN 2zxK ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ w yJ, w ? )N-,xKG*xHN2 F,,N2 Z, H0FFN2 INP0xK 20xK PJxK+N-N NGG,*,/N2,J02N2 )0- FJ+ LzGGN-+z-+JLN- @02,J,+N2 (JN ,JN ] JF ?NJ/JLN^*N2,NN *2P JF D-0N2 D-0Kz-+Fz22,P0-MN- #NJxK yN0yzxK+N+ (*-PN2 *2P PJN LLM /-0 ?J+N- N2+,/-NxKN2P KKN-N #0J2H02N2+-z+J02N2 )N-*-,zxKN2 H22N2 [JN,N ~yN-,xKGzL,-NxK2*2L NJL+ Pz,, zH*+ +PGJxKN !N-LJM+*2LN2 P*-xK >Jx-0 x,+J2N (z- *2(zK-,xKNJ2GJxK zyN- 2JxK+ z*,*,xKGJNN2 ,J2P E- L-N-N @J2PN*2P Z-(zxK,N2N J,+ PJN ^*M2zKFN KJ2-NJxKN2PN- z,,N-FN2LN2 *2P ,0FJ+ #0J2 FN2LN2 J2,yN,02PN-N yNJ "2MGGN2 yNJF ]zPN2 *2P $NLNG2 PN2Hyz- [JN, LJG+ z*xK M- PJN z2PN-N2 \z20+0J2N (JN PJN J2 #zy rwq z*MLNMK-+N2 =N*-0+0J2N 0PN\GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J2 PJN J2 K2GJxKN2 0PN- N+(z, LN-J2LN-N2 J2+-zNGG*G-N2 DNKzG+N2 )0-H0FFN2 *- Z-FJ++G*2L NJ2N, $xK(NGGN2(N-+N, PN- xK-02J,xKN2 #0JJ++ )02 >Jx-0x,+J2 ?% H22N2 (NJ $+*PJN2 J2 Z2LGz2P z2 >*,N2 Ez(NGG *2P AzFN, ppu *2P J2 ^*,+-zGJN2 z2 $xK(NJ2N2 EzGx02N- ppu KN-z2LN0LN2 (N-PN2 ]NJPN H0FFN2 * ,NK- K2GJxKN2 Z-LNy2J,,N2 (0yNJ PJN C< NG+LN,*2PKNJ+,0-Lz2J,z+J02 *- ^y GNJ+*2L NJ2N, )0-G*XLN2 ?NJ+(N-+N, M- >Jx-0x,+J2?% JF #-J2H(z,,N- PJN N+(z, NF/X2PGJxKN-N Ez(NGG$+*PJN *L-*2PN LNGNL+ Kz+ B2 PJN,N- $+*PJN NJL+N NJ2N [0,J, )02 u KL /-0 HL @-/N-LN(JxK+ yN- v 0xKN2 KJ2(NL HNJ2N ZdNH+N [JN,N=Jx-0x,+J2Z/0,J+J02 yN- PN2 #-J2H(z,,N-'MzP N-M0GL+ ^GG0Hz+J02,MzH+0- ^E f qn ,JNKN ^y,xK2 qvw N-LJy+ ,JxK ,0FJ+ M- PJN GNyN2, Gz2LN Z/0,J+J02 yN- #-J2H(z,,N- NJ2 ?NJ+(N-+ )02 wq Y #[B f KLG PN- yNJ Gz2L M-J,+JLN- Z/0,J+J02 2JxK+ yN-,xK-J++N2 (N-PN2 ,0GG+N !N-LGNJxK+ Fz2 2*2 PN2 #[B )02 u KLP Y HL FJ+ PN- >zJFzGH02N2+-z+J02 )02 wu KLG z2 PN- Cz)NG , 0 ,0 N--NJxK+ NJ2 HL ,xK(N-N, @GNJ2HJ2P PN2 #[B yN-NJ+, yNJ ^*M2zKFN )02 2*- r FG PJN,N- Z-y,N2,*//N77 *2P yNJ NJ2NF !JN-+NG PN- JF $0FFN- ppr z2 PN- Cz)NG LNFN,,N2N2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 P K zGG
tv
r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++
PN2N2 FJ+ KLG >Jx-0x,+J2N2 N2+,/-zxK PJN ^*M2zKFN )02 u FG Cz)NG (z,,N- PNF #[B M- >Jx-0x,+J2 $NGy,+ yNJ PN- ^22zKFN Pz,, M- PJN NKN- )0- yN-LNKN2PN Z/0,J+J02 yN- Pz, ]zPN2 LN-J2LN-N Z+-z/0Gz+J02, *2P "2,JxKN-KNJ+, MzH+0-N2 zHN/+JN-+ (N-PN2 H22N2 )N-PN*+GJxK+ PJN,N- !N-LGNJxK Pz,, PJN J2 \z 20yzH+N-JN2>z,,N2N2+(JxHG*2LN2 LNM*2PN2N2 #0J2H02N2+-z+J02N2 NJ2 N-KNyGJ xKN, DN,*2PKNJ+,-J,JH0 Pz-,+NGGN2 J2,yN,02PN-N yNJ (JNPN-K0G+N- Z/0,J+J02 E- PJN z2PN-N2 \z20+0J2N ,J2P )N-LGNJxKyz-N ^y,xK+*2LN2 z*ML-*2P PN, ENKGN2, )02 $+*PJN2 *- xK-02J,xKN2 #0JJ++ Hz*F FLGJxK ^GGN-PJ2L, NJL+ NJ2N FJ+ ^2z+0J2z z2 >*,N2 P*-xKLNMK-+N $+*PJN Pz,, Pz, %J,JH0 ,*yzH*+N- !N- LJM+*2LN2 (zK-,xKNJ2GJxK 2JxK+ LN-J2LN- J,+ zG, yNJ >Jx-0x,+J2N2 #zy rwq
oqr >w2wKFN2 *F $uK*+ )0- Zw20+0J2N2 JF #-J2H(w,,N- *2P J2 [wPNLN(,,N-2 $0(0KG M- #-J2H(z,,N- zG, z*xK M- ]zPNLN(,,N- ,J2P !N-FNJP*2L,,+-z+NLJN2 LNLN2 Pz, ^*M+-N+N2 )02 \z20yzH+N-JN2 J2,yN,02PN-N J2 >z,,N2N2+(JxHG*2LN2 PNyN,+N $xK*+ [*-xK %NP*H+J02 PN- Z*+-0/KJN-*2L Hz22 JK2N2 PJN =zK-*2L,L-*2P GzLN N2+0LN2 (N-PN2 *2P z*xK z2PN-N >z2zKFN2 H22N2 N2+(NPN- *- %NP* JN-*2L JK-N- ]J0Fz,,N 0PN- * NJ2N- !N-,xKJNy*2L )02 \z20yzH+N-JN2 * (N2JLN/-0yGNFz+J,xKN2 ^-+N2 MK-N2 ,JNKN Pz* ^y,xK2 rwt #-0+ yNLJ22N2PN- Z-M0GLN J2 PN- DN(,,N-$z2JN-*2L J,+ PJN,N, JNG 2JxK+ J2 zGGN2 $J+*z+J02N2 LGNJxKN-FzN2 -z,xK N--NJxKyz- $xK*+Fz2zKFN2 ,J2P N-M0-PN-GJxK E- PJN #-J2H(z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L )N-*-,zxK+ ] J2 Fz2xKN2 +JNMN2 FN,0+-0/KN2 #zG,/N---N2 'Gz2H+0+K-J -*yN,xN2, >Jx-0x,+J2H02N2+-z+J02N2 JF ]N-NJxK FNK-N -N- KLG JF %0K(z,,N- !N-,0-L*2LN2 z*, N*+-0/KN2 EG,,N2 H22N2 P*-xK >Jx -0x,+J2N z*, >Jx-0x,+J, ,// 'Gz2H+0+K-J zLz-PKJJ *2P J2 Fz2xKN2 EGGN2 z*xK ^2zyzN2z ,// yNGz,+N+ (N-PN2 K-N2P 2N*-0+0J,xKN \z20yzH+N-JN2 J2 [N*+,xK Gz2P M- PJN #-J2H(z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L )N-F*+GJxK Hz*F -NGN)z2+ ,J2P J,+ PJN ]NPN*+*2L )02 \GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J2 *2HGz- !N-MzK-N2 PN- ZGJFJ2z+J02 )02 \z20+0J2N2 J2, yN,02PN-N >Jx-0x,+J2N2 *2P \GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J2 P*-xK PJN #-J2H(z,,N-z*MyN-NJ +*2L ,J2P M- yNGz,+N+N %0K(,,N- 20+(N2PJL [zyNJ H0FF+ N, )0- zGGNF Pz-z*M z2 PJN \z20yzH+N-JN2NGGN2 * N2+MN-2N2 0K2N Pz,, ,JN G,JN-N2 *2P ,0FJ+ JK- #0J2LNKzG+ JF z,,N- LNG,+ (J-P ZJ2N ?,J, P*-xK FNxKz2J,xKN2 *2P xKNFJ,xKN2 $+-N,, ] z*M EJG+N-2 *2P J2 %0K-N2 FJ+ ,+z-HN- $+-F*2L *2P P*-xK !0-002*2L J,+ (zK-,xKNJ2GJxK 'JN+,xK N+ zG ww [zKN- yJN+N+ ,JxK PJN ZGJFJ2z+J02 LNG,+N2 >Jx-0x,+J2, P*-xK z2zKFN2 yJ, KJ2 *- =0+)N-,0-L*2L yNJ FNK- zG, NGGN2 /-0 FG FNK- zG, FFv ]J0)0G*FN2 ,JNKN ^y,xK2 rwsw 0PN- FNK- zG, t KLG \KG0 -0/KGGz yNJ [0FJ2z2 )02 \z20yzH+N-JN2 JF 'K+0/Gz2H+02 CJN-yNJ ,NJ z2 LNFN-H+ Pz,, >Jx-0x,+J2N KJ+N,+zyJG ,J2P ZJ2 ^yH0xKLNy0+ J,+ PzKN- (J-H*2L,G0, B2 [N*+,xKGz2P ,+zFF+ 2*- (N2JL #-J2H(z,,N- PJ-NH+ z*, yNGz,+N+NF JH-0,H0/ NJL+ Pz,, PJN,N, 'JLFN2+ )0-(JNLN2P z*, \z20yzH +N-JN2 *2P Hz*F z*, ^GLN2 ,+zFF+ ^yy rpn ]*2PN,LN,*2PKNJ+,yGz++ ppr [JN,N ZF/MNKG*2L ,0GG+N z*xK )0- *2yNHz22+N2 $+0dN2 z*, \z20yzH+N-JN2 ,xK+N2 ZJ2N )0-yN-LNKN2PN $xKGJN*2L )02 ]zPN,+NGGN2 (J-P yNJ \KG0-0/KGGz@02N2+-z+J0 2N2 t KLG NF/M0KGN2 (0yNJ )0-KN- NJ2N ^2zG,N z*M >Jx-0x,+J2 )0-LN20FFN2 (N-PN2 Hz22 ?JNL+ PJN >Jx-0x,+J2@02N2+-z+J02 *2+N- KLG ,0 Hz22 )02 NJ2N$xKGJN*2L ^y,+z2P LN20FFN2 (N-PN2 [JN B2M0-Fz+J02 *2P z-2*2L J,+ INP0xK
tvw
r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++
2zxK (JN )0- N-M0-PN-GJxK PzFJ+ ]zPNL,+N LLM z*M+-N+N2PN $F/+0FN JF CJ2yGJxH z*M \z20yzH+N-JN2 zG, "-,zxKN /-MN2 H22N2 =zxK PN-NJ+JLNF @N22+2J,,+z2P (N-PN2 P*-xK z2PN-N B2KzG+,,+0dN PN- \z20yzH+N-JN2 )0-(JNLN2P %NJ*2LN2 PNJ22N-N2 *2P *N-N2 @-/N-0yN-VxKN2 N-(z-+N+ PJN LNLN2yN- PNF P*-xK >Jx -0x,+J2 LNLNyN2N2 %J,JH0 )02 ?NyN-,xKPN2 (N2JLN- ,xK(N- (JNLN2 ^*xK (J-P *2+N- PN2 yNHz22+N2 \z20+0J2N2 Pz, >Jx-0x,+J2 zG, Pz,IN2JLN yN(N-+N+ )02 PNF PJN KxK,+N DN,*2PKNJ+,LNMzK- z*,LNK+ Pz M- PJN =N*-0+0J2N HNJ2N xK-02J,xKN J-H*2L yNHz22+ J,+ [JN LNLN2yN- PNF C< #-J2H(z,,N-?NJ+(N-+ MzxK K KN-N @02N2+-z+J02 Hz22 PzFJ+ yNL-2PN+ (N-PN2 Pz,, M- )0-yN-LNKN2PN Z/0 ,J+J02N2 PN- Z+-z/0Gz+J02,MzH+0- )02 N2+MzGGN2 Hz22 *2P Pz,, zG, )N-,xKG*xH+N z,,N-FN2LN 2JxK+ w ?J+N- ,02PN-2 2*- )02 t FG z2LN20FFN2 (N-PN2
Ist Sichttiefe < 2 m?
basierend auf der EU Badegewässer-Richtlinie mit 14-tägiger Probenahme
ja
_
Ist TP > 20 40 µg l-1? ja
Erhöhung der Probenahme-Häufigkeit
Sind Cyanobakterien dominant? ja
Warnhinweise publizieren Optionen zur Reduktion der Nährstoff-Belastung prüfen
Ist Chl.-a > 40 µg l-1? ja Ist Chl.-a > 150 µg l-1?
oder vorübergehende Sperrung
oder MicrocystinAnalyse
Ist Microcystin > 100 mg l-1?
^yy rp $xKNFz *- ]zPNLN(,,N-yN-(zxK*2L *2P LLM )0-yN-LNKN2PN2 $/N--*2L "]^ ]*2PN,LN,*2PKNJ+,yGz++ ppr
rt \z20yzH+N-JN2+0J2N
tvv
^GGN-PJ2L, J,+ * yNPN2HN2 Pz,, IN 2zxK $/0-+z-+ LLM PN*+GJxK FNK- z,,N- )N- ,NKN2+GJxK )N-,xKG*xH+ (J-P ] yNJF J2P,*-MN2 yNJ $NLNG-NLz++N2 *2+N- ,+-FJ ,xKN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 0PN- yNJF z,,N-,HJMzK-N2 (0 LLM PJN ^*M2zKFN zG, ^N-0,0G KJ2*H0FF+ ZJ2N )0GG,+2PJLN )N-,+2PGJxKN B2M0-Fz+J02 PN- DN(,,N-2*+N- J,+ PzKN- *2N-G,,GJxK *FzG PJN @02N2+-z+J02N2 yNJ ^-+N2 PJN ]G+N277 z2 PN- z+N-JzG NF/M0KGN2 [JN ,,+NFJ,xK (J- HN2PN2 CN/z+0 *2P =N*-0+0J2N ,+NGGN2 N-,+ Pz22 NJ2 DN,*2PKNJ+,-J,JH0 Pz- (N22 ,JN P*-xK B2LN,+J02 0PN- B2KzGz+J02 z*MLN20FFN2 (N-PN2 Pz22 INP0xK yN-NJ+, J2 LN-J2LN2 >N2LN2 [zKN- ,0GG+N yNJF ^-yNJ+N2 FJ+ LNM-JN-LN+-0xH2N+NF \z20yzH +N-JN2Fz+N-JzG J2,yN,02PN-N yNJ ^-yNJ+,,xK-J++N2 (JN >-,N-2 ,0-LMG+JL z*M PJN !N- FNJP*2L )02 $+z*yN2+(JxHG*2L LNzxK+N+ (N-PN2 ^y*L >*2P,xK*+ *2P LLM ^y PNxHN2 PN- Czz-N * yNPN2HN2 J,+ J2,yN,02PN-N Pz, CJ2+N-Gz,,N2 NJ2N, LN,*yN-+N2 ^-yNJ+,/Gz+N, Pz %NJ2JL*2L,/N-,02zG 0M+ 2JxK+ KJ2-NJxKN2P yN- Pz, P*-xK PJN,N $+*yN yNPJ2L+N %J,JH0 J2M0-FJN-+ J,+ [JN KN/z+0+0J,xKN2 >Jx-0x,+J2N H22N2 P*-xK Jx-0x,+J, z*ML-*2P JK-N- z*,LN/-L+N2 !N-+JHzG(z2PN-*2LN2 )02 yJ, * F IN $+*2PN -z,xK PJN ^*MN2+KzG+,+JNMN )N-2PN-2 [JN ]N/-0y*2L )02 'Gz2H +0+K-J -*yN,xN2, PJN J2 PN- %NLNG J2 +JNMN2 LN,xKJxK+N+N2 DN(,,N-2 )0-H0FF+
tvu
r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++
F*,, yN-xH,JxK+JLN2 Pz,, ,JxK PJN,N ^-+ JF $0FFN- )0- zGGNF JF >N+zGJF2J02 NJ2,xKJxK+N+ *2P 2*- (K-N2P PN- [*-xKFJ,xK*2L yN- PJN LN,zF+N z,,N-,*GN )N-+NJG+ J,+ 'Gz2H+0+K-J zLz-PKJJ J,+ PzLNLN2 )0-(JNLN2P J2 VzxKN2 *2LN,xKJxK+N+N2 DN(,,N-2 P0FJ2z2+ *2P P0-+ J2 PN- %NLNG K0F0LN2 JF z,,N-H-/N- )N-+NJG+ =NyN2 FLGJxKN2 @02N2+-z+J02,L-zPJN2+N2 PN- \z20yzH+N-JN2 J,+ NJ2 @-J+N-J*F *- ^*,(zKG )02 '-0yN2,+NGGN2 *2P '-0yN2K*XLHNJ+N2 z*xK PJN DN(,,N-2*+*2L ] M- ]zPNLN(,,N- JF $0FFN- *2P )0- zGGNF z2 ]zPN,+NGGN2 zyN- z*xK z2 (J2PzyLN(z2P+N2 "MN-yN-NJxKN2 *- Z-Mz,,*2L P0-+ z2LN+-JNyN2N- ]G+N277 PJN /0+N2+JNGG -z,xK *- ]zPN,+NGGN )N-P-JM+N2 H22N2 E- #-J2H(z,,N-+zG,/N--N2 FJ+ Lz2IK-JLNF !0-H0FFN2 )02 ' -*yN,xN2, Hz22 NJ2N [z*N-yN/-0y*2L 20+(N2PJL ,NJ2 J2,yN,02PN-N (N22 JK-N ^*MN2+KzG+,+JNMN 2zKN yNJ PN- Z2+2zKFN+JNMN GJNL+ B,+ Pz, JNG PN- "2+N-,*xK*2L PJN Z-Mz,,*2L PN- \z20yzH+N-JN2'0/*Gz+J02,N2+(JxH G*2L ,0 F*,, PJN ]N/-0y*2L PJN ^*MN2+KzG+,yN-NJxKN PN- '0/*Gz+J02N2 FLGJxK,+ -N/-,N2+z+J) (JPN-,/JNLNG2 [JN C*XLHNJ+ ,0GG+N u #zLN 2JxK+ *2+N-,xK-NJ+N2 *2P NKN- yNJ r #zLN2 GJNLN2 *- '-0yN2zKFN M- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L NGGLNy*2PN2N- \z20+0J2N NJL2N2 ,JxK DGz, *2P 'Gz,+JHLNMN LGNJxKN-FzN2 E- LNG,+N >Jx-0x,+J2N ,0GG+N2 DGz,Vz,xKN2 )N- (N2PN+ (N-PN2 Pz ,JN z2 @*2,+,+0dFz+N-JzGJN2 zP,0-yJN-N2 '-0yN2 *- .*z2+J+z+J)N2 ]N,+JFF*2L )02 \z20+0J2@02N2+-z+J02N2 JF z, ,N- (N-PN2 J2 PN- %NLNG zG, NJ2MzxKN $xK/M/-0yN N2+20FFN2 PJN z2,xKGJNN2P yN- >NFy-z2XG+N- >z,xKN2(NJ+N ut KF XG+-JN-+ (J-P [JN,N >N+K0PN J,+ KJ2 -NJxKN2P LN2z* *F )0F EJG+N- PJN zH+*NGGN @02N2+-z+J02 z2 NGGLNy*2PN2 )0-GJN LN2PN2 #0J2N2 FJ+ NJ2N- ]N,+JFF*2L,L-N2N )02 yJ, KLG IN 2zxK >z+-J *2P ^2zG,N2FN+K0PN * N-FJ++NG2 BF EJG+-z+ PN-,NGyN2 '-0yN H22N2 PJN LNG,+N2 \z20+0J2N yN,+JFF+ (N-PN2 [N- =zxK(NJ, PN, #0J2LNKzG+, PN- NGGN2 xNGG .*0+z,77 J,+ yN,02PN-, (N-+)0GG JF %zKFN2 )02 "2+N-,*xK*2L,/-0L-zFFN2 *- '0/*Gz+J02,PJxK+N PN- \z20yzH +N-JN2 P K NGGN2 0PN- ]J0)0G*FN2 /-0 ?J+N- z,,N- E- >Jx-0x,+J2N J,+ z2* 2NKFN2 Pz,, ,JxK PN- FJ++GN-N DNKzG+ /-0 NGGN J22N-KzGy NJ2N, DN(,,N-, (N2JLN-z,xK )N-2PN-+ zG, PJN NGGPJxK+N *2P J2,yN,02PN-N (N2JLN- -z,xK zG, PJN !N-+NJG*2L PN- NGGN2 JF z,,N-H-/N- $0FJ+ H22N2 (N2JLN ]N,+JFF*2LN2 PN, #0J2LNKzG+, /-0 NGGN FJ+ NJ2N- K*XLN-N2 *2P LLM HGNJ2-*FJLN- z*V,N2PN2 ]N,+JFF*2L PNNGGPJxK+N JF z,,N- H0FyJ2JN-+ (N-PN2 *F @02N2+-z+J02N2 JF z,,N- zy*,xK+ N2 [N- #0J2LNKzG+ /-0 NGGN N-LJy+ ,JxK z*, PNF #0J2LNKzG+ /-0 ?J+N- , * *2P PN- NGGPJxK+N /-0 ?J+N- ,JNKN ^y,xK2 rwsw ]NJ LN-J2LN2 #0J2LNKzG+N2 0PNLN-J2LNF ^2+NJG PN- \z20yzH+N-JN2 zF DN,zF+$N,+02 $*FFN zGGN- 'z-+JHNG Hz22 PJN ]N,+JFF*2L PN, #0J2LNKzG+N, z*M PNF EJG+N- KJN-M- * *2LN2z* ,NJ2 *2P PJN ^2-NJxKN-*2L L-N-N- >N2LN2 z2 \z20yzH+N-JN2 FJ+ NJ2NF 'Gz2H+022N+ >z ,xKN2(NJ+N )02 u KF N-M0-PN-GJxK (N-PN2 [*-xK ^*,KG*2L PN- \z20yzH +N-JN2 J2 NJ2NF ^GJ.*0+ PN- =N+/-0yN *2P #0J2z2zG,N z*, NJ2NF z2PN-N2 Hz22 z*, =N+/-0yN2 PN- #0J2LNKzG+ PN- NGGN2 -NxK+ LN2z* N-FJ++NG+ (N-PN2 ^*xK M- ]J0z,,z, 0PN- *- DN(J22*2L )02 >z+N-JzG M- PJN $+-*H+*-z*MHG-*2L (NJ+N-N- J-H,+0dN Hz22 PJN ^2-NJxKN-*2L L-N-N- >N2LN2 z2 NGGFz+N-JzG 20+ (N2PJL ,NJ2 [z* (J-P Pz, 'Gz2H+022N+ IN 2zxK yN)0-*L+N- ^*MN2+KzG+,+JNMN PNJx-0x,+J2N NF/XNKG+ ,JxK INP0xK NJ2 *,+GJxKN- Z+-zH+J02,HG*, FJ+ -NJ2NF >N+Kz20G ^2z+0J2z Hz22 FJ+ z,,N- z2LN,*N-+NF z,,N- ,0(JN FJ+ z2LN,*N-+NF (,, -JLN2 >N+Kz20G N+-zKJN-+ (N-PN2 ZP(z-P, N+ zG ppw ^*xK (NJ/Kz,JLN Z+-zH +J02N2 (N-PN2 NJ2LN,N++ ]o $zG,*-N LNM0GL+ )02 [JxKG0-FN+Kz2 0PN- \KG0-0 M0-F LNM0GL+ )02 $zG,*-N Cz-zPz N+ zG pqpn ]*FHN!0L+ N+ zG pps E- PJN Z+-zH+J02 )02 '$'#0J2N2 (N-PN2 NyN2MzGG, )0- zGGNF ,z*-N ?,*2L,FJ++NG2 (JN Z,,JL,*-N 0PN- $zG,*-N *2P z2LN,*N-+N, (,,-JLN, >N+Kz20G yN,xK-JNyN2 xZGKJ2N N+ zG ppq \GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J2 Hz22 ,0(0KG FJ+ >N+Kz20G zG, z*xK FJ+ t; Z,,JL,*-N N+-zKJN-+ (N-PN2 Cz-zPz N+ zG ppun Cz(HJ2, N+ zG ppr
tvs
r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++
[JN N-KzG+N2N2 Z+-zH+N (N-PN2 *- #-0xH2N NJ2LNN2L+ *2P J2 PNF M- PJN IN(NJGJLN ^2zG+JH H0F/z+JyGN2 ?,*2L,FJ++NG z*MLN20FFN2 DNG,+N #0J2N PN-N2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 JF z,,N- *FNJ,+ PN*+GJxK *2+N- PN2 NGGLNy*2PN2N2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 GJNLN2 (N-PN2 N2+(NPN- 0K2N (NJ+N-N ^*MyN-NJ +*2L FJ+ N2+,/-NxKN2P NF/X2PGJxKN2 >N+K0PN2 (JN ] Z?B$^ *2P ?\>$>$ yN,+JFF+ 0PN- J2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN- NJ,N z*MH02N2+-JN-+ (0P*-xK N, yNJ ,NGNH+J)N2 !N-MzK-N2 *FNJ,+ LGNJxKNJ+JL * NJ2N- ^*M-NJ2JL*2L H0FF+ B2 )JNGN2 '-0L-zFFN2 (*-PN2 yNJ [0FJ2z2 )02 \z20yzH+N-JN2 L*+N ^2zG ,NN-LNy2J,,N 0K2N ^*M-NJ2JL*2L N--NJxK+ E- ]J0z,,z, (J-P ,JN LLM LNJNG+ *2+N- Gz,,N2 *F PJN DN,zF++0JJ++ NJ2N, Z+-zH+N, * N-Mz,,N2 ^*xK J,+ yNJF ZJ2,z+ ,NGNH+J)N- [N+NH+J02,)N-MzK-N2 (JN >z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+-JN ^*M-NJ2JL*2L ,NG+N2 2+JL ^*M-NJ2JL*2L,,xK-J++N ,J2P J2,yN,02PN-N Pz22 N-M0-PN-GJxK (N22 z K0KN ^2M0-PN -*2LN2 z2 PJN LN2z*N &*z2+JXJN-*2L yN,+NKN2 y yNJ LN-J2LN2 #0J2H02N2+-z+J0 2N2 J2,y *- ]N,+JFF*2L )02 LNG,+N2 #0J2N2 *2P x (N22 \z20yzH+N-JN2 J2 PN- '-0yN 2*- ,*yP0FJ2z2+ )0-Kz2PN2 ,J2P *2P ,0FJ+ J2 *2L2,+JLN- %NGz+J02 * ,+-N2PN2 >z+-J]N,+z2P+NJGN2 )0-GJNLN2 ?N+N-N, yN+-Jd+ J2,yN,02PN-N xK-0Fz+0 L-z/KJ,xKN =zxK(NJ,FN+K0PN2 (JN C'?\[J0PN2z--z [N+NH+J02 [^[ M- PJN >Jx-0x,+J2yN,+JFF*2L PN22 HGNJ2N >Jx-0x,+J2'NzH, H22N2 )02 x0NG*JN-N2PN2 >z+-J,*y,+z2N2 yN-GzLN-+ (N-PN2 PJN * NJ2N- ~yN-,xK+*2L PN- #0J2H02N2+ -z+J02 MK-N2 0PN- PJN BPN2+JXHz+J02 )N-NJ+NG2 [JN zF K*XL,+N2 )N-(N2PN+N ^*M-NJ2JL*2L, *2P ^2-NJxKN-*2L,>N+K0PN M- LN G,+N *2P NGGLNy*2PN2N >Jx-0x,+J2N J,+ PJN EN,+/Kz,N2N+-zH+J02 $'Z FJ+ %' \q>z+N-JzGJN2 Jx-0x,+J2N2 J2 %0K(z,,N-/-0yN2 FzxKN2 J2 Fz2xKN2 EG GN2 N-KNyGJxKN >z+-J/-0yGNFN NJ2N (NJ,+*XLN ^*M-NJ2JL*2L N-M0-PN-GJxK CJN- Kz+ ,JxK z-+J2 N+ zG ppn @02P0 N+ zG pps E- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L )02 NGGLNy*2PN2N2 '$'#0J2N2 *2P ^2z+0J2z H0FF+ NyN2MzGG, PJN ^*M-NJ2JL*2L yN- %'\q *F ZJ2,z+ %z/zGz N+ zG ppvn 0GNHG, 2JxK+ 2+JL ]*FHN!0L+ N+ zG ppsn AzFN, N+ zG ppr E- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L )02 LNG,+N2 '$'#0J2N2 J2 @*G+*-FNPJN2 yN,xK-NJyN2 =NL-J N+ zG ppr (z- PJN ^2-NJxKN-*2L FJ++NG, ^H+J)H0KGN P0xK PN- yN-(JNLN2PN #NJG PNyJ,KN- )N-dN2+GJxK+N2 >N+K0PN2 N-Mz,,+ -NGz+J) K0KN @02N2+-z+J02,yN-NJxKN y( z-yNJ+N+ FJ+ z2PN-N2 >z+-JxN, *2P J,+ PzKN- M- PJN $/*-N2z2zG+JH J2 %0K(,,N-2 0K2N >0PJXHz+J02N2 2JxK+ z2(N2Pyz-
rt \z20yzH+N-JN2+0J2N
tvr
oqp YN+NH+J02 *2P BPN2+JMJHw+J02 oqp [J0w,,w, *2P #0JJ++,+N,+ B2 PN2 ^2M2LN2 PN- \z20+0J2M0-,xK*2L (*-PN PJN #0JJ++ )02 z,,N-yG+N2 *2P @*G+*-Fz+N-JzG )0- zGGNF FJ+ #JN-)N-,*xKN2 >z*, 0PN- %z++N2yJ0z,,z yN ,+JFF+ ]NGG *2P \0PP ppun EzGx02N- ppv !0-+NJGN ,J2P ,xK2NGGN [*-xKMK- yz-HNJ+ Z-Mz,,*2L z*xK *2yNHz22+N- +0J,xKN- $*y,+z2N2 *2P [JdN-N2JN-*2L z2 Kz2P )02 $F/+0FN2 ] (J,xKN2 =N*-0 *2P CN/z+0+0J2N2 (0yNJ INP0xK PJN ,xK2NGGN- (J-HN2PN2 =N*-0+0J2N Pz, !0-Kz2PN2,NJ2 )02 CN/z+0+0J2N2 Fz, HJN-N2 H22N2 =zxK+NJGN ,J2P PJN NKN- LN-J2LN ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ ,0(JN N+KJ,xKN Z- (L*2LN2 E- PJN yNHz22+N2 \z20+0J2N ,+NKN2 J2(J,xKN2 NJ2MzxKN-N H0,+N2 L2,+JLN-N *2P NF/X2PGJxKN-N xKNFJ,xKN ^2zG,NFN+K0PN2 *- !N-ML*2L ^*xK (N-PN2 zKG-NJxKN z2PN-N ]J0z,,z, )0-*L,(NJ,N z2 B2)N-+Ny-z+N2 0PN- NGGH*G +*-N2 P*-xKLNMK-+ (0yNJ INP0xK yJ,Gz2L HNJ2N- PJN,N- ^,,z, PN2 >z*,+N,+ J2 ,NJ2N- ZJLN2,xKzM+ zGGN \z20+0J2N z*M NJ2FzG * N-Mz,,N2 N-,N+N2 Hz22 '-0yGNFN yN,+NKN2 J2,yN,02PN-N KJ2,JxK+GJxK PN- $N2,J+J)J++ MzG,xK 2NLz+J)N- y( MzG,xK /0 ,J+J)N- ]NM*2PN *2P $2N-LJ,FN2 FJ+ z2PN-N2 $*y,+z2N2 ZJ2N )N-LGNJxKN2PN !z GJPJN-*2L PN- M- \z20+0J2=zxK(NJ, NJ2LN,N++N2 ]J0z,,z, ,+NK+ z*, *2P LN 2N-NGGN ZF/MNKG*2L KJ2,JxK+GJxK JK-N- ^2(N2P*2L,yN-NJxKN H22N2 20xK 2JxK+ LN LNyN2 (N-PN2 ZJ2N PN+zJGGJN-+N ~yN-,JxK+ )02 ]J0z,,z, *F \z20+0J2=zxK(NJ, LNyN2 Cz-zPz N+ zG ppp E- PN2 =zxK(NJ, )02 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 *2P =0P*Gz-J2 (*-PN2 ]J0z,,z, FJ+ B2 )N-+Ny-z+N2 (JN [z/K2Jz ^-+NFJz #KzF20xN/KzG*, *2P >0,HJ+0Gz-)N2 \zF/yNGG N+ zG ppun @J)J-z2+z N+ zG pp*2P ppvn ?z(+02 N+ zG ppuyn #-H2N ppp N2+(JxHNG+ [z2NyN2 H0FFN2 M-J,xK J,0GJN-+N CN/z+0x+N2 ] z*, %z++N2 *F ZJ2,z+ ^*2N *2P ]N-L pqsn CNJ2N pps =N*-0+0J2N (JN ^2z+0J2z *2P $zJ+0J2N (*-PN2 FJ+ ^-+NFJz *2P z2 $xKJ,+0xN-xz L-NLz-Jz \zF/yNGG N+ zG ppun @J)J-z2+z N+ zG ppn >xZGKJ2N N+ zG ppq 2zxKLN(JN,N2 $/NJX,xKN-N ]J0z,,z, M- $zJ+0J2N ,J2P PN- =N*-0yGz,+0Fz NGG ^,,z >z2LN- N+ zG pptn #-*Fz2 z2P ?zHN pps PN- z*xK H0FFN-JNGG N-KG+GJxK J,+ NJ2 %NN/+0- ]J2P*2L,^,,z [0*xN++N N+ zG ppr ,0(JN NJ2 2N*-0/K,J0G0LJ,xKN, !N-MzK-N2 FJ+ CJ//0xzF/*, DN(NyN z*, %z++N2 @N-- N+ zG ppp !N-,xKJNPN2N ]zH+N-JN2]J0z,,z, (JN PN- >Jx-0+0 ?N*xK+yzH+N-JN2+N,+ 0PN- NJ2 ^,,z PN- z*M PN- B2KJyJ+J02 PN- 'JLFN2+yJGP*2L J2 $N--z+Jz Fz-xN,xN2, zG, #0J J++,2zxK(NJ, yN-*K+ (*-PN2 )02 FNK-N-N2 $+*PJN2 zG, 2JxK+ LNNJL2N+ M- PN2 =zxK (NJ, )02 \z20+0J2N2 yN(N-+N+ ?z(+02 N+ zG ppuyn \zF/yNGG N+ zG ppun !NJN N+ zG ppso Z, NJL+N ,JxK (N2JL @0--NGz+J02 FJ+ PNF DNKzG+ z2 yNHz22+N2 \z 20+0J2N2 *2P *PNF -NzLJN-+N2 PJN #N,+,,+NFN z*M *2yNHz22+N $*y,+z2N2
oqpt [J0uKNFJ,uKN >N+K0PN2 BFF*20z,,z, J2,yN,02PN-N Z2FN?J2HNP BFF*20 $0-yN2+ ^,,z Z?B$^ ,JNKN ^y,xK2 uq (*-PN2 yJ,Gz2L )0- zGGNF M- >Jx-0x,+J2N \GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J2 *2P '$'#0J2N N2+(JxHNG+ [N- Z?B$^ J,+ z*ML-*2P ,NJ2N- ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ *2P NJ2Mz xKN2 ^2(N2P*2L J2,yN,02PN-N M- NJ2 ,xK2NGGN, '-0yN2,x-NN2J2L * NF/MNKGN2
tvq
r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++
Z?B$^ yz,JN-N2P z*M /0GHG02zGN2 \K* N+ zG ppn ^2 *2P \z-FJxKzNG ppu 0PN- F020HG02zGN2 ^2+JH-/N-2 =zLz+z N+ zG pptn "N20 N+ zG pps LNLN2yN>Jx-0x,+J2N2 ,J2P FJ+ NJ2N- =zxK(NJ,L-N2N )02 t KLG ,NK- NF/X2PGJxK ZJ2 '-0yGNF ,J2P *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN @-N*-NzH+J02N2 FJ+ PN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 >Jx-0x,+J2 )z-Jz2+N2 !N-,xKJNPN2N Z?B$^ #N,+HJ+, M- PJN >Jx-0x,+J2yN,+JFF*2L ,J2P PN-NJ+ H0FFN-JNGG N-KG+GJxK Z2Fz,,z, *F =zxK(NJ, )02 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 =0P*Gz-J2 *2P ^2z+0J2z, yz,JN-N2 z*M PN- yJ0xKNFJ,xKN2 ^H+J)J++ PJN,N- #0J2N [N- '-0+NJ2'K0,/Kz+z,N B2KJyJ+J02,^,,z ''B^ M- >Jx-0x,+J2N *2P =0P*Gz-J2 J,+ FJ+ NJ2N- =zxK(NJ, L-N2N )02 pqr KLG IN 2zxK %0K(z,,N-*,zFFN2,N+*2L K2GJxK NF/X2PGJxK (JN Z?B$^ ?zFyN-+ N+ zG ppu ^G, ^G+N-2z+J)N * PN- *-,/-2LGJxKN2 &*z2+J XJN-*2L yz,JN-N2P z*M vw''K0,/Kz+ ?zFyN-+ N+ zG ppu (*-PN2 J2 I2L,+N- NJ+ N-M0GL-NJxK H0G0-JFN+-J,xKN ''B^ N2+(JxHNG+ ^2 *2P \z-FJxKzNG ppun z-P N+ zG ppr *PLN ppv KzyN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N $+*PJN2 M- PJN,N2 ^,,z NJ2N L*+N ~yN-NJ2,+JFF*2L *C'?\]N,+JFF*2L )02 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 ,0(0KG M- @*G+*- zG, z*xK M- E-NJGz2P /-0yN2 LNM*2PN2 z-P N+ zG pprn J-,J2L N+ zG ppp ZJ2 ^xN+GxK0GJ2N,+N-z,N B2KJyJ+J02,^,,z ^\B^ Hz22 M- PN2 =zxK(NJ, )02 ^2z+0J2z, )N-(N2PN+ (N-PN2 >zKF00P *2P \z-FJxKzNG pqr
oqps 'K,JHwGJ,uKuKNFJ,uKN >N+K0PN2 ZJ2N2 *FMz,,N2PN2 ~yN-yGJxH yN- )N-,xKJNPN2N xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN >N+K0PN2 *]N,+JFF*2L )02 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 LJy+ >N-JG*0+0 ppr N+K0 PN2 N/GJJ+ M- PN2 =zxK(NJ, )02 >J-0x,+J2N2 N2+(JxHNG+ (*-PN2 H22N2 PzFJ+ z*xK =0P*Gz-J2N z2zG,JN-+ (N-PN2 Pz ,JN K2GJxKN /K,JH0xKNFJ,xKN ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 (JN >Jx-0x,+J2N yN,J+N2 "2+N- PN2 zKG-NJxKN >N+K0PN2 *- $/*-N2z2zG+JH )02 \z20+0J2N2 J,+ M- PJN >Jx-0x,+J2yN,+JFF*2L PJN C'?\ LNH0//NG+ FJ+ 'K0+0PJ0PN2z--z[N+NH+J02 [^[ PJN PN-NJ+JL zF K*XL,+N2 yN2*++N >N+K0PN [JN xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN #-N22*2L N-M0GL+ J2 PN- %NLNG yN- -N)N-,NP/Kz,N \q$*GN2 (0yNJ ,JxK PN- D-z PJN2+ 2zxK ?z(+02 N+ zG ppuz yN,+NKN2P z*, z,,N- *2P ^xN+02J+-JG yNJPN, FJ+ t; #-JV*0-N,,JL,*-N yN(K-+ Kz+ Pz N- PJN #-N22*2L )N-,xKJNPN2N- >Jx-0x, +J2)z-Jz2+N2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN- '0Gz-J++ N-FLGJxK+ [JN ]N,+JFF*2L )02 LNy*2PN 2N2 *2P LNG,+N2 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 2zxK ?z(+02 N+ zG ppuz ,0(JN PN- Z+-zH+J02 2zxK Ez,+2N- N+ zG ppq ,+NGG+N PJN D-*2PGzLN PN- Z2+(JxHG*2L NJ2N, ,+z2Pz-PJ ,JN-+N2 !N-MzK-N2, Pz- B$< wrp ^2PN-N #-N22FN+K0PN2 )N-(N2PN2 *2+N-,xKJNP GJxKN ZG*N2+N2,,+NFN (JN yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N >N+Kz20G'K0,/Kz+/*dN- *2P ^FF02J *FzxN+z+^xN+02J+-JG Cz-zPz pps [JN [N+NH+J02 )02 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 FJ++NG, 'K0+0PJ0PN2z--z N-M0GL+ z2Kz2P JK-N, xKz-zH+N-J,+J,xKN2 "!$/NH+-*F, JF NGGN2G2LN2yN-NJxK )02 wv 2F FJ+ NJ2NF >zJF*F yNJ wvq 2F M- PJN FNJ,+N2 $+-*H+*-)z-Jz2+N2 ?z(+02 N+ zG ppuz ZJ2 '-0yGNF PN- &*z2+JXJN-*2L )02 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 yN,+NK+ Pz-J2 Pz,, PN-NJ+ 2*- ,NxK, PN- FNK- zG, s yNHz22+N2 $+-*H+*-)z-Jz2+N2 H0FFN-JNGG zG, $+z2Pz-P, N-KG+GJxK ,J2P (z- H22N2 PJN,N !z-Jz2+N2 Pz22 LN2z* .*z2+JX
rt \z20yzH+N-JN2+0J2N
tvp
JN-+ (N-PN2 (0yNJ NJ2,xK-2HN2P N-(K2+ (N-PN2 F*,, Pz,, N, * \0ZG*+J02 )02 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 >Jx-0x,+J2)z-Jz2+N2 H0FFN2 Hz22 Ez,+2N- N+ zG pppy [JN,N s $+z2Pz-PFJx-0x,+J2N H0FFN2 INP0xK JF E-NJGz2P )0- zGGNF J2 PN2 Dz+ +*2LN2 >Jx-0x,+J, *2P ^2zyzN2z )0- J2 PN- %NLNG INP0xK 2JxK+ J22N-KzGy PNDz++*2L 'Gz2H+0+K-J Ez,+2N- N+ zG pppy E0GLN2PN ^yKJGMN (J-P NF/M0KGN2 EzGx02N- N+ zG pppo 'NzH, PJN zG, >Jx-0x,+J2N JPN2+JXJN-+ (N-PN2 zyN2JxK+ PN2 H*VJxKN2 $+z2Pz-P, N2+,/-NxKN2 H22N2 FJ+ >Jx-0x,+J2?% .*z2+J XJN-+ *2P PJN DN,zF+H02N2+-z+J02 zG, >Jx-0x,+J2?%@02N2+-z+J02,.*J)z GN2+N77 z2LNLNyN2 (N-PN2 [N- ENKGN- J2 PN- &*z2+JXJN-*2L z*ML-*2P *2+N- ,xKJNPGJxKN- $JL2zGJ2+N2,J++ PN- >Jx-0x,+J2)z-Jz2+N2 GJNL+ yNJ N+(z v; $xK(N -N- (JNL+ INP0xK PJN *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN #0JJ++ PN- )N-,xKJNPN2N2 >Jx-0x,+J2)z -Jz2+N2 [z )JNGN (N2JLN- +0J,xK ,J2P zG, >Jx-0x,+J2?% J,+ NJ2N ,0GxKN @02 N2+-z+J02,z2LzyN z*, +0JH0G0LJ,xKN- $JxK+ zG, Z+-NFzy,xK+*2L (0-,+ xz,N ,xN2z-J077 * yN(N-+N2 [N, NJ+N-N2 H0FFN2 *- >Jx-0x,+J2yN,+JFF*2L #-N22FN+K0PN2 (JN [22 ,xKJxK+\K-0Fz+0L-z/KJN #?\ *2P @z/JGGz-NGNH+-0/K0-N,N \Z *F ZJ2,z+ [JN [N+NH+J02 PN- >Jx-0x,+J2N Hz22 yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N z*xK P*-xK EG*0-N,N2 E?[ $z20 N+ zG ppwn Cz-zPz pps 0PN- \KNFJG*FJ2N,N2 >*-z+z N+ zG ppt ,/NJX,xKN[N-J)z+N N-M0GLN2 *- LN2z*N-N2 BPN2+JXHz+J02 PN- NJ2NG2N2 >Jx-0x,+J2)z-Jz2+N2 J,+ PJN EG,,JL HNJ+,xK-0Fz+0L-z/JN LNH0//NG+ FJ+ PN- >z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+-JN ?\>$ NJ2N )JNG )N- ,/-NxKN2PN >N+K0PN Pz ,JN 2zxK xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN- #-N22*2L NJ2N NJ2PN*+JLN BPN2+JXHz+J02 )02 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 N-FLGJxK+ ,JNKN ] @02P0 N+ zG ppt C*F FN-+ N+ zG w ^G, NF/X2PGJxKN .*zGJ+z+J)N =zxK(NJ,FN+K0PN *2P *- LGNJxK NJ+JLN2 BPN2+JXJN-*2L )02 z2PN-N2 xz20yzH+N-JNGGN2 'N/+JPN2 yN(K-+ ,JxK PJN >z+-J ^,,J,+NP ?z,N- [N,0-/+J02 B02J,z+J02 #JFN 0M EGJLK+ >^?[B#$ Z-Kz-P N+ zG ppr EN-2N- N-FLGJxKN2 Fz2xKN !N-MzK-N2 NJ2N ,JF*G+z2N ^2zG+JH )02 CN/z+0+0J2N2 *2P =N*-0+0J2N2 Cz-zPz N+ zG ppsn 'JN+,xK N+ zG w !N-,xKJNPN2N xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJ,xKN >N+K0PN2 ,J2P M- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L )02 ^2z +0J2z )N-MLyz- Pz-*2+N- C'?\ FJ+ "![N+NH+J02 Cz-zPz N+ zG pqpn '0(NGG ppr [22,xKJxK+xK-0Fz+0L-z/KJN 0GNHG, *2P =zxK(NJ, PN, [N-J)z+N, FJ++NG, D\Z\[ NGNx+-02 xz/+*-N PN+Nx+J02 D\>$ C'?\E?[ 0PN- C'?\>$ ] ]-*20 N+ zG ppun 0+0* N+ zG ppun ]*FHN !0L+ N+ zG ppsn AzFN, N+ zG pprn #zHJ20 ppp \GJ2P-0,/N-F0/,J2 Hz22 FJ++NG, C'?\[^[ z2Kz2P PN, xKz-zH+N-J,+J,xKN2 "! $/NH+-*F, PN- $*y,+z2 Cz-zPz N+ zG ppun Cz(HJ2, N+ zG ppr 2zxKLN(JN,N2 (N-PN2 ^GGN-PJ2L, H0FF+ N, yNJ E-NJGz2P/-0yN2 ,NK- K*XL * N-KNyGJxKN2 $+ -*2LN2 P*-xK PJN >z+-J Z-M0GL-NJxKN- J,+ KJN-M- PN- =zxK(NJ, FJ+ C'?\>$>$ ZzLGN,KzF N+ zG ppp [JN (NLN2 JK-N- ^2-NJxKN-*2L J2 >*,xKNG2 *2P z2PN-N2 Fz-J2N2 ?NyN2,FJ++NG2 J2 PN- ?NyN2,FJ++NGKLJN2N N2+(JxHNG+N2 >N+K0PN2 *- ^2zG+JH )02 '$'#0J2N2 $zJ+0J2N2 (*-PN2 # N-M0GL-NJxK *F =zxK(NJ, PJN,N- #0J2N J2 \z20yzH+N -JN2 )N-(N2PN+ ] =NL-J N+ zG ppr [N- yN-(JNLN2PN #NJG PN- yJ,KN- )N-M MN2+GJxK+N2 >N+K0PN2 J,+ z*ML-*2P z2PN-N- @02N2+-z+J02,yN-NJxKN *2P >z+-JxN, M- PJN $/*-N2z2zG+JH J2 z,,N- 2JxK+ 0K2N >0PJXHz+J02N2 z2(N2Pyz- [JN zF
tu
r ]J0G0LJ,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- z,,N-2*+*2L *2P z,,N-.*zGJ++
K*XL,+N2 )N-(N2PN+N >N+K0PN *- $zJ+0J2yN,+JFF*2L J,+ C'?\ FJ+ =zxK,* GN20JPz+J02 FJ+ 'N-J0Pz+ *2P EG*0-N,N2PN+NH+J02 N+K0PN 2zxK z*,+N,+, J,+ INP0xK FJ+ P-NJ )N-,xKJNPN2N2 ZG*N2+N2,,+NFN2 *Z-Mz,,*2L zGGN- $zJ+0J2)z-Jz2+N2 ,NK- z*M(2PJL ^2PN-N >N+K0PN2 yN,xK-NJyN2 PJN !N-(N2P*2L )02 C'?\ FJ+ !0-,*GN20JPz+J02 *2P EG*0-N,N2PN+NH+J02 @z /JGGz-NGNH+-0/K0-N,N \Z FJ+ [^[[N+NH+J02 ,0(JN PJN PJ-NH+N ]N,+JFF*2L FJ++NG, C'?\>$ ?z(-N2xN N+ zG pptn 'J2NJ-0 N+ zG pppn '002 N+ zG ppvn C*F/zLN N+ zG ppu ANP0xK yN,+NK+ yNJ zGG PJN,N2 >N+K0PN2 Pz, '-0yGNF Pz,, 2*- NJ2 #NJG PN- '$'#0J2!z-Jz2+N2 zG, $+z2Pz-P, H*VJxK J,+ CJN- ,J2P P*-xK PJN @0//G*2L PN- #-N22,,+NF (JN C'?\ *2P \Z FJ+ >z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+-JN E0-+,xK-J++N * N- (z-+N2 JG, z2P C*G,+ ppvn ?0xHN z2P #KJyz*G+ ppu BF ^GGLNFNJ2N2 N-M0GL+ PJN $+-*H+*-z*MHG-*2L )02 \z20+0J2N2 FJ++NG, =>% ^FJ20,*-N2z2zG,N *2P >z,,N2,/NH+-0FN+-JN Cz-zPz pps !0- zGGNF PJN =>% yN2+JL+ INP0xK J2 PN- %NLNG L-N-N >N2LN2 z2 $*y,+z2 *2P J,+ ,0 zG, %0*+J2N )N-MzK-N2 *2LNNJL2N+ N-+)0GGN CJ2(NJ,N GJNMN-+ *2NKFN2P PJN >^?[B#$
oqo [N(N-+*2L *2P \*,vGJuH DN2N-NGG G,,+ ,JxK MN,+,+NGGN2 Pz,, PJN ]N,+JFF*2L NGGLNy*2PN2N- \z20+0J2N L*+ *2+N-,*xK+ J,+ *2P KJ2-NJxKN2P NF/X2PGJxKN >N+K0PN2 N2+(JxHNG+ (0-PN2 ,J2P *F #NJG J,+ PJN, PzP*-xK yNL-2PN+ Pz,, PJN \z20+0J2N J2 PN2 NGGN2 *FNJ,+ J2 K KN-N2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 )0-GJNLN2 zG, LNG,+ JF z,,N- E0-,xK*2L,yNPz-M yN,+NK+ PN,KzGy )0- zGGNF J2 PN- Z2+(JxHG*2L )02 >N+K0PN2 *- ^2-NJxKN-*2L *2P ^*M -NJ2JL*2L )02 LN-J2LN2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 ,0(0KG LNG,+N- zG, z*xK NGGLNy*2PN2N#0J2N ZJ2 (NJ+N-N, '-0yGNF J,+ Pz, ENKGN2 H0FFN-JNGG )N-MLyz-N- %NMN-N2,*y,+z2 N2 zG, $+z2Pz-P, J2,yN,02PN-N M- PJN D-*//N PN- >Jx-0x,+J2N *2P '$'#0J2N E- PJN >Jx-0x,+J2N J,+ NJ2N BPN2+JXJN-*2L PN- NJ2NG2N2 !z-Jz2+N2 (z- FJ+ ZJ2 ,xK-2H*2LN2 yN- >$ FLGJxK PJN, G,+ INP0xK 2JxK+ Pz, '-0yGNF PN- &*z2+JX JN-*2L CJ2* H0FF+ Pz,, PJN ^2LzyN NJ2N, DN,zF+>Jx-0x,+J2LNKzG+N, PJN #0 JJ++ 2*- *2yNM-JNPJLN2P (JPN-,/JNLNG+ Pz NJ2NG2N >Jx-0x,+J2N J2 JK-N- #0JJ++ ,NK- *2+N-,xKJNPGJxK ,J2P )LG ^y,xK2 rt #zy rwq [N- PN-NJ+ NdNH+J),+N ^2,z+ M- NJ2N *FMz,,N2P,+N DNMzK-N2zyxK+*2L J,+ PJN @0FyJ2z+J02 z*, NKN- *2,NGNH+J)N2 yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 #N,+)N-MzK-N2 *- Z-Mz,,*2L PN#0JJ++ CN/z+0 *2P =N*-0+0J2N ,0(JN LLM *2yNHz22+N J-H,+0dN LNM0GL+ )02 NJ2N- 0/+JFJN-+N2 ZJ2NG,+0dz2zG,N ] yN- C'?\>$ ]N,02PN-, (JxK+JL J,+ PJN !zGJPJN-*2L PN- >N+K0PN2 ,0(JN NJ2 yN(*,,+N- *2P )N-z2+(0-+*2L,)0GGN- "F Lz2L FJ+ PN2 IN(NJGJLN2 D-N2N2 JK-N- ^*,,zLNH-zM+ J2 %NGz+J02 *- '-0yGNF,+NGG*2L
rs J+ MNJ2Fz,xKJLN2 'Gz2H+022N+N2 z*, =G02 0PN- '0GN,+N-Mz,N-2 J,+ NJ2N '-0yN2zKFN Mz,+ yN-zGG /-0yGNFG0, FLGJxK N22 P*-xKV*,,yN0LN2N ^*,
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q #0JH0G0LJN
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nt %NGN)w2+N #N,+,,+NFN M- PJN /-wJ,vN0LN2N DN2+0JJ++,/-M*2L ~yN- Gz2LN NJ+ yGJNyN2 M- PJN Z-H*2P*2L PN- @-Ny,*-,zxKN2 2*- (NJ FN+K0PJ,xKN ^2,+N FJ+ z*,-NJxKN2PN- !zGJPJ++o PJN N/JPNFJ0G0LJ,xKN "2+N-,*xK*2L *2P PN#JN-)N-,*xK NJG PJN,N "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 *F #NJG ,NK- z*M(N2PJL ,J2P yN,+NK+ *2+N#0JH0G0LN2 ,xK02 Gz2LN PN- *2,xK ,xK2NGGN *2P H0,+N2L2,+JLN ^G+N-2z+J))N- MzK-N2 *- !N-ML*2L * KzyN2 [z H-Ny,J2P*JN-N2PN =0N2 LGNJxK,zF z*xK F*+z LN2 (J-HN2 ,0GG+N N, JF BPNzGMzGG LNGJ2LN2 $+0dN JF >*+zLN2J++,H*-NJ++N,+ J2 Hz2N-0LN2N *2P 2JxK+Hz2N-0LN2N NJ2*+NJGN2 [JN,N FNJ,+ FJH-0yJNGGN2 *2P NGG yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 @*-NJ++N,+, N-Mz,,N2 P-NJ (N,N2+GJxK )N-,xKJNPN2N @z+NL0-JN2 z2 LN 2N+J,xKN2 Z2P/*2H+N2o B2P*H+J02 )02 [=^$xKPN2 *2P %N/z-z+*- DN2F*+z +J02N2 *2P +0LN2N+J,xKN !N-2PN-*2LN2 ,0(JN B2)J+-0#-z2,M0-Fz+J02,)0-L2LN H*G+J)JN-+N- $*LN-NGGN2 #0Fz+J, N+ zG pps ]N,02PN-, J2 PN2 GN++N2 (NJ AzK- NK2+N2 ,J2P PJN,N @*-NJ++N,+, NJ2NG2 0PN- J2 @0FyJ2z+J02 *F $x-NN2J2L z*M /0+N2JNGGN Hz2N-0LN2N *2P LN2+0J,xKN ^H+J)J++N2 )02 ZJ2NG,*y,+z2N2 H0F /GNN2 "F(NG+LNFJ,xKN2 *2P @-/N-V,,JLHNJ+N2 ] "-J2 *2P $/NJxKNG N2+(J
q DN2N+J,xKN #0JH0G0LJN
tqv
xHNG+ *2P N-M0GL-NJxK NJ2LN,N++ (0-PN2 ^*, PN2 #N,+N-LNy2J,,N2 GNJ+N2 ,JxK Pz22 ]N(N-+*2LN2 zy PJN 2JxK+ ,NG+N2 * NJ2N- !N-FJ2PN-*2L PN- Z/0,J+J02 *- $*y ,+J+*+J02 PN- LN2+0J,xKN2 =0N2 *2P * '-)N2+J)Fz2zKFN2 MK-N2 !0- PJN,NF CJ2+N-L-*2P Kz+ J2 PN2 GN++N2 AzK-N2 z*xK z*M PNF DNyJN+ PN- z.*z+J,xKN277 DN2 +0JH0G0LJN NJ2 N20-FN- FN+K0PJ,xKN- Z2+(JxHG*2L,,xK*y ,+z++LNM*2PN2 [N-NJ+ NJ,+JN-N2 PJN )N-,xKJNPN2N2 !z-Jz2+N2 NJ2 *2P PN,,NGyN2 #N,+/-J2J/, NJ2 LN,xKG0,,N2 N+(z w #N,+)N-MzK-N2 M- PN2 =zxK(NJ, )02 DN2+0JJ++ [JN 2zxK M0GLN2PN [z-,+NGG*2L PN, >N+K0PN2,/NH+-*F, yN,xK-2H+ ,JxK z*M PJNIN2JLN2 #N,+ ,,+NFN PJN J2M0GLN PN- J2+N-2z+J02zGN2 Cz-F02J,JN-*2L PN- #N,+,+-z+NLJN2 J2 PN2 '-M-JxK+GJ2JN2 PN- J+ PN- Z2+(JxHG*2L PN- z*+0Fz+J,JN-+N2 >JH-0+J+N-)N-,J02 PN, ^FN,#N,+, ^FN, BB PJN NJ2N F0PJXJN-+N !N-,J02 PN- HGz, ,J,xKN2 #N,+)z-Jz2+N ^FN, B Pz-,+NGG+ (J-P NJ2 FNK-MzxKN- '-0yN2P*-xK,z+ N- -NJxK+ [JN,N #z+,zxKN ,+NGG+ NJ2N2 (N,N2+GJxKN2 !0-+NJG M- PN2 ZJ2,z+ J2 $x-NN2J2L /-0L-zFFN2 Pz- ZJ2 ]NJ,/JNG M- PJN ,J22)0GGN ^2(N2P*2L PN, ^FN,#N,+, yJN+N+ PJN $*xKN 2zxK F*+zLN2N- ^H+J)J++ JF #-J2H *2P ]zPN(z,,N- PJN )02 [N,J2MNH+J02,2NyN2/-0P*H +N2 [=' z*,LNK+ $0 Hz22 FJ+ PNF ^FN,#N,+ J2 LNxKG0-+N2 #-J2H *2P ]zPN (,,N-2 Pz, [N,J2MNH+J02,2NyN2/-0P*H+ > vxKG0-uPJxKG0-FN+KGtKP-0 wtCM*-z202 2zxKLN(JN,N2 (N-PN2 > J,+ NJ2 PJ-NH+N, >*+zLN2 *2P PJN yJ,KNJF ^FN,#N,+ $zGF02NGGz$+zFF #^ (J-H,zF,+N LN2+0J,xKN $*y,+z2 C0GF y0F N+ zG pqun >NJN- N+ zG pqr *2xK,+ 2*- z*, NGG,+0d(,,N-2 yNHz22+ (*-PN > ,NK- yzGP z*xK J2 LNxKG0-+N2 #-J2H *2P NJ2 [=' Pz- Pz, yNJ PN- \KG0-*2L J2,yN,02PN-N )02 K*FJ2,+0dKzG+JLN2 ,,N-2 N2+,+NK+ >NJN- N+ zG pqt JF #-J2H(z,,N- 2*- JF =z20L-zFF yN-NJxK )0-GJNL+ +-L+ N, ] J2 X22J,xKN2 #-J2H(,,N-2 * NJ2NF [-J++NG *- LN ,zF+N2 F*+zLN2N2 ^H+J)J++ yNJ @-02yN-L *2P !z-+JzJ2N2 pqq
nr =wuK(NJ, )02 ZK-0F0,0FN2wvN--w+J02N2 J2 PN- $*LN-NGGH*G+*\K-0F0,0FN2zyN--z+J02N2 N2+,+NKN2 (N22 yNJPN $+-2LN PN- [=^ z2 LNLN2yN- GJNLN2PN2 0PN- N2L yN2zxKyz-+N2 $+NGGN2 y-NxKN2 [0//NG,+-z2Ly-xKN [JN 'Kz,N PN, NGGHG*, J2 PN- Pz, >*+zLN2 NJ2(J-H+ yN,+JFF+ PJN ^yN--z+J02,yJGPN- \K-0 Fz+JPxKz-zH+N- yNJ /0,+-N/GJHz+J)N- ^H+J)J++ *2P B,0xK-0Fz+JPxKz-zH+N- yNJ -N/GJ Hz+J)N- ^H+J)J++ [JN (N,N2+GJxKN2 \K-0F0,0FN2zyN--z+J02N2 ,J2P Dz/, ]-xKN #-z2,G0Hz+J02N2 *2P %J2LxK-0F0,0FN2 PJN JF E0GLN2PN2 H*- xKz-zH+N-J,JN-+ (N- PN2 ^yy qwo Dz/, ,J2P JF Z-,xKNJ2*2L,yJGP *2+N- PNF >JH-0,H0/ ?xHN2 N2LGJ,xKo Lz/ J2 NJ2N- \K-0Fz+JPN \K-0Fz+JPDz/ 0PN- J2 yNJPN2 \K-0Fz+JPN2 B,0xK-0Fz+JP Dz/ 0K2N [J,G0Hz+J02 PN, zyLN+-N22+ N-,xKNJ2N2PN2 $+xHN, (N22 P*-xK ,+-*H +*-NGGN !N-2PN-*2LN2 PN, \K-0F0,0F, PJN ^2M-y*2L 2JxK+ )0GG,+2PJL N-M0GL+ ]-xKN ,J2P NxK+N [J,H02+J2*J++N2 J2 NJ2N- \K-0Fz+JPN 0PN- J2 yNJPN2 \K-0Fz +JPN2 FJ+ PN*+GJxKN- [J,G0Hz+J02 PN, zyLN+-N22+N2 ]-*xK,+xHN,
tqs
^yy qw
q #0JH0G0LJN
ChromatidGap
IsochromatidGap
ChromatidBruch
azentrisches Fragment
Translokationskreuze
dizentrisches Chromosom
IsochromatidBruch
Ringchromosom
D-*2P+/N2 ,+-*H+*-NGGN- \K-0F0,0FN2zyN--z+J02N2
#-z2,G0Hz+J02N2 ,J2P Pz, %N,*G+z+ PN, (NxK,NG,NJ+JLN2 ^*,+z*,xKN, )02 \K-0F0 ,0FN2zy,xK2J++N2 J22N-KzGy NJ2N, \K-0F0,0F, 0PN- (J,xKN2 (NJ 0PN- FNK-N -N2 \K-0F0,0FN2 %J2LxK-0F0,0FN2 *2P PJN2+-J,xKN \K-0F0,0FN2 N2+,+NKN2 P*-xK ENKG-N*2J02 )02 B,0xK-0Fz+JP+/]-xKN2 [N- =zxK(NJ, )02 \K-0F0,0FN2zyN--z+J02N2 PJN 2zxK FJ+0+J,xKN- #NJG*2L PNJNGNGGN2 P*-xK PJN ,+-*H+*-NGGN2 !N-2PN-*2LN2 z2 \K-0F0,0FN2 * \K-0F0,0 FN2F*+z+J02N2 MK-N2 H22N2 J,+ MN,+N- ]N,+z2P+NJG PN- DN2+0JJ++,/-M*2L "2 +N- FJ+0+J,xKN- #NJG*2L 0PN- >J+0,N )N-,+NK+ Fz2 PJN #NJG*2L PN- @-/N-NGGN2 yNJ PN- Pz, @N-2Fz+N-JzG N-yLGNJxK z2 PJN #0xK+N-NGGN2 (NJ+N-LNLNyN2 (J-P [N- ZJ2,z+ )02 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 NGGGJ2JN2 PN, \KJ2N,J,xKN2 CzF,+N-, *2+N- z2PN-NF !rp \CN+z/Kz,N2 z*,LN(N-+N+ PzyNJ (N-PN2 ,+-*H+*-NGGN ^yN- -z+J02N2 )0F \K-0Fz+JP *2P \K-0F0,0FN2#/ 2zxK PN- =0FN2HGz+*- )02 $z)zLN prs N-Mz,,+ ^yy qv *2P ^yy qu
^yy qv NGGN2
=0-FzGN >N+z/Kz,N )02 \CN+z/Kz,N )02 \CNFy-z2+-z2,/0-+ *2P z2PN-N, H0FyJ2JN-+ >0PN-2N >N+K0PN2F0PJX Hz+J02N2 PN- F0GNH*Gz-N2 +0LN2N+JH PJN Kz*/+,xKGJxK M- K*Fz2LN2N+J,xKN E-z LN,+NGG*2LN2 N2+(JxHNG+ (0-PN2 ,J2P ] EG*0-N,N2J2,J+*Cy-JPJ,JN-*2L EB$C KzyN2 PJN $N2,J+J)J++ PN, #N,+,,+NF, *2P Pz, =zxK(NJ,,/NH+-*F xK-0F0 ,0FzGN- ^yN--z+J02N2 N-KNyGJxK N-(NJ+N-+
tqq
q #0JH0G0LJN
nq ZK-0F0,0FN2w2wG,N J2 /N-J/KN-N2 ?F/K0+N2 )02 N/02JN-+N2 'N-,02N2 C*Fw2vJ0F02J+0-J2L [JN HGz,,J,xKN \K-0F0,0FN2z2zG,N J2 /N-J/KN-N2 ?F/K0+N2 PN, >N2,xKN2 J,+ z*,-NJxKN2P )zGJPJN-+ $JN N-Gz*y+ NJ2N .*zGJ+z+J)N %J,JH0zy,xK+*2L PJN zGGN-PJ2L, )0-(JNLN2P -N+-0,/NH+J) N-M0GL+ ]G*+N2+2zKFN @*G+*-yNPJ2L*2LN2 '-/z-z+J02 *2P ^*,(zKGH-J+N-JN2 ,J2P J2 $+z2Pz-P/-0+0H0GGN2 MN,+LN,xK-JNyN2 'N-- *2P 0Gd pru [JN DN,NGG,xKzM+ M- "F(NG+F*+zLN2N,N D"> Kz+ %JxK+GJ2JN2 *- [*-xKMK -*2L +0LN2N+J,xKN- ^2zG,N2 J2 FN2,xKGJxKN2 '0/*Gz+J02N2 N-z-yNJ+N+ $/NJ+ N+ zG ppu ZJ2N ,JL2JXHz2+N Z-KK*2L PN- \K-0F0,0FN2zyN--z+J02,-z+N J2 PN- N /02JN-+N2 D-*//N JF !N-LGNJxK *- @02+-0GGL-*//N (NJ,+ z*M NJ2 LN2+0J,xKN, DN MK-P*2L,/0+N2JzG KJ2 *2P NJL+ *LGNJxK NJ2 N-KK+N, @-Ny,-J,JH0 M- PJN N/02JN-+N '0/*Gz+J02 z2 [JN /0,J+J)N @0--NGz+J02 (J,xKN2 NJ2N- N-KK+N2 \K-0F0,0FN2 zyN--z+J02,-z+N *2P NJ2NF H0--N,/02PJN-N2PN2 N-KK+N2 @-Ny,-J,JH0 J2 '-0yz2PN2 L-*//N2 (J-P )02 zKG-NJxKN2 $+*PJN2 yNGNL+ CzLFz- N+ zG ppq [JN >NK-zKG PN- "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 LzG+ yJ,KN- E-zLN,+NGG*2LN2 z*, PN- ^-yNJ+, FNPJJ2 D-*FF+ N+ zG ppvn #z+N, N+ zG pp *2P ppun ?z2PJ2 N+ zG ppr ]NJ PN- Z-z-yNJ+*2L PN, $+*PJN2PN,JL2, M- z-yNJ+,FNPJJ2J,xKN E-zLN,+NGG*2LN2 (J-P )02 ,J2L*G-N2 @z*,zGJ++N2 z*,LNLz2LN2 $xKzP,+0d J-H*2L [z-yN- KJ2z*, ,J2P PJN ^-+ PN- N+N-2N2 $xKzP,+0dN/0,J+J02 *2P JK- * N-(z-+N2PN- @02N2+-z +J02,yN-NJxK FNJ,+N2, yNHz22+ Gz2LM-J,+JL M- PJN ZJ2NG/N-,02 'N-,02N2P0,JFN+-JN 0PN- M- PN2 ^-yNJ+,/Gz+ P0H*FN2+JN-+ *2P N2+,/-NxKN2P PN- /K,JHzGJ,xKxKNFJ ,xKN2 ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 PN- $*y,+z2 z2zG+J,xK 2zxK(NJ,yz- ^F ^-yNJ+,/Gz+ FJ+ FNJ,+ KKN-N2 $xKzP,+0dH02N2+-z+J02N2 N-FLGJxKN2 PJN z*,,zLNH-M+JLN2 >N+K0 PN2 PN, ]J0F02J+0-J2L -NGz+J) ,JxKN- PN2 =zxK(NJ, yJ0G0LJ,xKN- ZdNH+N [0,J, J- H*2L]NJNK*2L PJN PJN D-*2PGzLN M- PJN Z-z-yNJ+*2L )02 ]N(N-+*2L,H-J+N-JN2 *2P )N-MzK-N2 *- EN,+GNL*2L PN, -NxK+GJxKN2 B2,+-*FN2+z-J*F, PN- $xKzP,+0d-N L*GJN-*2L *2P FJ2JFJN-*2L yJGPN2 [z-z*, N-LJy+ ,JxK M- PJN z-yNJ+,FNPJJ2J,xKN '-zJ, NJ2N K0KN %NLNG*2L,PJxK+N *- >J2PN-*2L LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN- ^*,(J-H*2LN2 ^*M PNF DNyJN+ PN- "F(NG+FNPJJ2 GJNLN2 PzLNLN2 Hz*F N/N-JFN2+NGG LN,JxKN-+N ]NM*2PN )0- ,0 Pz,, NJ2N EN,+,xK-NJy*2L *2P NJ2N -0*+J2NFJLN ^2(N2P*2L )02 #N,+)N-MzK-N2 (JN ,JN M- z-yNJ+,FNPJJ2J,xKN E-zLN,+NGG*2LN2 N--NJxK+ (N-PN2 H022 +N2 )0-G*XL 2JxK+ FLGJxK ,J2P [JN =0+(N2PJLHNJ+ )02 ]J0F02J+0-J2L'-0L-zF FN2 *- ^y,xK+*2L )02 *F(NG+yN0LN2N2 %J,JHN2 (J-P INP0xK P*-xK 2N*N-N "2 +N-,*xK*2LN2 *- #0JH0G0LJN )02 H0F/GNN2 DNFJ,xKN2 *2+N-,+-JxKN2 [JN,N ^- yNJ+N2 yN,++JLN2 PJN ^22zKFN Pz,, yN-NJ+, yNJ ,NK- 2JNP-JLN2 *G+-zG0(77 @02 N2+-z+J02N2 JF //y]N-NJxK +0JH0G0LJ,xKN ZdNH+N * N-(z-+N2 ,J2P Z, NJL+ ,JxK Pz,, PJN $xK(NGGN2(N-+N )02 FN,,yz-N2 ZdNH+N277 *2P HNJ2N2 FN,,yz-N2 ZdNH +N277 ,NK- N2L yNJNJ2z2PN- GJNLN2 [z-z*, N-LJy+ ,JxK PJN =0+(N2PJLHNJ+ Pz, *!N-ML*2L ,+NKN2PN >N+K0PN2,/NH+-*F *2+N- PNF DN,JxK+,/*2H+ PN- z*,-NJxKN2 PN2 $N2,J+J)J++ *2P $/NJX++ yNJ PN- Z-Mz,,*2L PJN,N- $xK2J++,+NGGN PN, >N,,MN2,+N-, (J,xKN2 NdNx+77 *2P 20 NdNx+77 * /-MN2 [JN ~yN-+-zL*2L PN- z-yNJ+,FNPJJ2J,xKN2 !0-LNKN2,(NJ,N z*M *F(NG+FNPJJ2J ,xKN E-zLN,+NGG*2LN2 (J-P (N2JLN- P*-xK PJN FN+K0PJ,xKN2 [N+zJG, PN- #N,+)N-MzK-N2 N-,xK(N-+ zG, )JNGFNK- P*-xK PJN )0-KN--,xKN2PN2 Z/0,J+J02,,N2z-JN2 (JN N+(z Z/0,J+J02N2 LNLN2yN- $xKzP,+0dLNFJ,xKN2 JF =JNP-JLH02N2+-z+J02,]N-NJxK yNJ
q DN2N+J,xKN #0JH0G0LJN
tqp
FNJ,+ GNyN2,Gz2L NJ2(J-HN2PN2 =0N2 FJ+ )z-JJN-N2PN2 ]NGz,+*2L,F*,+N-2 J2 ^y K2LJLHNJ+ )02 %z*F NJ+ *2P @02N2+-z+J02 [zFJ+ FLGJxK,+ )JNGN $+-NJ2V,,N PJN 2JxK+ *2FJ++NGyz- FN+K0PJ,xK yNPJ2L+ ,J2P z*,LN,xKG0,,N2 (N-PN2 H22N2 J,+ NJ2N ,0-LMG+JLN 'Gz2*2L PN, $+*PJN2PN,JL2, M- *F(NG+FNPJJ2J,xKN "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 20+(N2PJL ]NJ ,J22)0GGN- @0FyJ2z+J02 PN- )N-,xKJNPN2N2 >N+K0PN2 Hz22 NJ2 y-NJ+N, $/NH+-*F z2 [=^$xKPN2 J2 PN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 JNGNGGN2 N-Mz,,+ (N-PN2 [*-xK PJN ZJ2yNJNK*2L zGGN- )N-MLyz-N2 [z+N2 (J-P z2LN,+-Ny+ ^*,,zLN2 *F J2PJ)JP*NGGN2 %J,JH0 yNJ yNHz22+N- $xKzP ,+0dH02N2+-z+J02 *2P Z/0,J+J02,Pz*N- * +-NdN2 [JN,N J2PJ)JP*NGGN2 !z-JzyJGJ ++N2 J2 PN- ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ LNLN2yN- "F(NG+,xKzP,+0dN2 H22N2 2*- P*-xK yJ0 G0LJ,xKN 'z-zFN+N- *2P Z2P/*2H+N N-Mz,,+ (N-PN2 >J+ PNF PN-NJ+ )N-MLyz-N2 >N+K0PN2,/NH+-*F *2P PNF * N-(z-+N2PN2 FN+K0PJ,xKN2 Z2+(JxHG*2LN2 ,J2P N- M0GL,)N-,/-NxKN2PN ^2,z+/*2H+N LNLNyN2 %J,JH0L-*//N2 *2P PN-N2 '-PJ,/0,J+J0 2N2 * N-Mz,,N2 [JN, ,+NGG+ (JNPN-*F NJ2N (N,N2+GJxKN D-*2P)0-z*,,N+*2L M- NJ2N2 N-M0GL-NJxKN2 )0-,0-LN2PN2 DN,*2PKNJ+,,xK*+ Pz-
np >JH-0HN-2w2wG,N N+z/Kz,N2 NJ2N L-0N /-zH +J,xKN Z-MzK-*2L N-M0-PN-+ *PNF J,+ ,JN ,NK- NJ+z*M(N2PJL [zKN- J,+ Fz2 yNFK+ FJ+ +0LN2N+J,xKN2 >N+K0PN2 * z-yNJ+N2 PJN )N-LGNJxKyz-N ^*,,zLN2 GJNMN-2 zyNNJ2MzxKN- * Kz2PKzyN2 ,J2P ZJ2N ^G+N-2z+J)N *F =zxK(NJ, )02 \K-0F0,0FN2 zyN--z+J02N2 J,+ PN- >JH-0HN-2#N,+ >JH-0HN-2N ,J2P xK-0Fz+J2KzG+JLN $+-*H+*-N2 JF +0/Gz,Fz N22 NGGN2 FJ+ \K-0F0,0FN2,xKPN2 J2 PJN ^2z/Kz,N PN- NGG +NJG*2L NJ2+-N+N2 H22N2 PJN N2+-0FN-G0,N2 ]-*xK,+xHN 2JxK+ FNK- * PN2 NGG /0GN2 LNGz2LN2 *2P yGNJyN2 J2 PN- NGGN z*N-KzGy PN- #NG0/Kz,NHN-2N GJNLN2 [JN ]-*xK,+xHN yJGPN2 NJ2N NJLN2N @N-2FNFy-z2 *2P K2NG2 J2 JK-NF Z-,xKNJ2*2L,yJGP HGNJ2N2 @N-2N2 (N,KzGy ,JN >JH-0HN-2N LN2z22+ (N-PN2 >JH-0HN-2N ,J2P zG,0 \K-0F0,0FN2M-zLFN2+N ,NG+N2N- Lz2N \K-0F0,0FN2n ,JN N2+,+NKN2 2*- (K-N2P PN- FJ+0+J,xKN2 NGG+NJG*2L 2zxK PN- B2P*H+J02 )02 \K-0F0,0FN2zyN--z+J02N2 [z KN- ,+NGGN2 >JH-0HN-2N -NGz+J) NJ2MzxKN B2PJHz+0-N2 M- \K-0F0,0FN2,xKPN2 Pz- *- EN,+,+NGG*2L 0y NJ2N ,0GxKN NGGN PJN >J+0,N P*-xKGz*MN2 Kz+ (J-P FJ+ PNF NGGLJM+ +0xKzGz,J2 PJN #NJG*2L PN- NGGN )N-KJ2PN-+ [z, MK-+ yN-(JNLN2P *
^yy qt $xKzP,+0dJ2P*JN-+N >JH-0HN-2N J2 NJ2N- (NJHN-2JLN2 NGGN 2zxK PN- N-,+N2 @N-2+NJG*2L
tp
q #0JH0G0LJN
(NJHN-2JLN2 NGGN2 J2 PN2N2 PJN >JH-0HN-2N L*+ ,JxK+yz- ,J2P EN2NxK *2P >0-GN pqp [JN, Lz-z2+JN-+ Pz,, PJN z*,(N-+yz-N2 NGGN2 NJ2N N-,+N >J+0,N P*-xKGz*MN2 KzyN2 *2P *FLNK+ PJN $xK(JN-JLHNJ+N2 PJN *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN #NJG*2L,-z+N2 )N-*-,z xKN2 ^yy qt [N- >JH-0HN-2#N,+ G,,+ ,JxK ,0(0KG J2 )J+-0 zG, z*xK J2 )J)0 z*,MK-N2 B2 )J)0 (J-P PN- #N,+ FNJ,+ FJ+ *2-NJMN2 Z-+K-0+N2 z*, PNF @20xKN2Fz-H ,0(JN z*, PNF /N-J/KN-N2 ]G*+ yNKz2PNG+N- >*,N P*-xKLNMK-+ CNPPGN N+ zG pp K-N2P ,JxK PN- NGGHN-2 J2 PN- %NJM*2L PN- Z-+K-0yGz,+N2 z*V,+ yGNJyN2 PJN >JH-0HN-2N JF -NJMN2 Z-+K-0+N2 N-KzG+N2 B2 )J+-0 J,+ PN- >JH-0HN-2#N,+ FJ+ NJ2N- Lz2N2 %NJKN )02 $*LN-NGGH*G+*-N2 z2(N2Pyz- ?2xK *2P 'z-- ppv %*KN2PN /N-J/KN-N ?F/K0+N2 Gz,,N2 ,JxK ] FJ+ J02J,JN-N2PN- $+-zKG*2L 0PN- -zPJ0FJFN+J,xKN2 \KNFJHzGJN2 yNKz2PNG2 yN)0- FJ+ PNF >J+0LN2 'K+KFzLLG*+J2J2 PJN NGG/-0GJMN-z+J02 ,+JF*GJN-+ (J-P ^G+N-2z+J) (N-PN2 PJN ?F/K0+N2 N-,+ 2zxK PN- >J+0LN2yNKz2PG*2L LNLN2yNPNF >*+zLN2 N/02JN-+ ,0Pz,, PJN $xKzP,+0dyNKz2PG*2L PJN ,N2,J+J)N $'Kz,N PNNGG+NJG*2L NJ2,xKGJN+ B2 yNJPN2 EGGN2 (J-P FJ+ +0xKzGz,J2 yNKz2PNG+ *F PJN (NJ+N-N NGG+NJG*2L * ,+0//N2 =NyN2 PN- HGz,+0LN2N2 xK-0F0,0FN2y-NxKN2PN2 J-H*2L NJ2N, $xKzP,+0d, Hz22 PN- >JH-0HN-2#N,+ z*xK ^2N*LN2N z2NJLN2 PJN *F !N-G*,+ Lz2N- \K-0 F0,0FN2 MK-N2 BF EzGGN z2N*LN2N- $xKPJL*2L N2+KzG+N2 PJN >JH-0HN-2N Lz2N \K-0F0,0FN2 *2P PN2 $/J2PNGMz,N-z2,z+ PN- *2+N- z2PN-NF FJ+ V*0-N,N2Fz- HJN-+N2 ^2+JHJ2N+0xK0-^2+JH-/N-2 N-HN22yz- (J-P [JN,N #N,+)z-Jz2+N J,+ J2 )J)0 *2P J2 )J+-0 NJ2LN,N++ (0-PN2 ?2xK *2P 'z-- ppv ^2Kz2P PN, @J2N+NxK0-, N2+-0FN- $/J2PNGMz,N-z2,z+ JF >JH-0HN-2 G,,+ ,JxK (J,xKN2 HGz,+0LN2N- *2P z2N*LN2N- $xKzP,+0d(J-H*2L PJdN-N2JN-N2 E- PJN ]N,+JFF*2L PN- DN2+0JJ++ JF z,,N- *2P ^y(z,,N- ,+NK+ ,NJ+ (N2JLN2 AzK-N2 NJ2 20-FJN-+N- B2)J+-0>JH-0HN-2+N,+ [B= Z= B$< wuwrw *- !N-ML*2L Z- (NJ,+ +0LN2N+J,xKN $xKPN2 J2 !rpNGGN2 PN, \KJ2N,J,xKN2 CzF,+N-, 2zxK PJN )02 z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN2 z2 PN2 \K-0F0,0FN2 0PN- zF >J+0,Nz//z-z+ PJN,NNGGN2 KN-)0-LN-*MN2 (N-PN2
no YN- "Y$#N,+ [JN >N,,*2L PN- [=^%N/z-z+*-,2+KN,N "[$ J,+ NJ2 (NJ+KJ2 z2N-Hz22+N- B2 PJHz+0- M- PJN DN2+0JJ++ *2P /0+N2JNGGN @z2N-0LN2J++ xKNFJ,xKN- $*y,+z2N2 '-JF- ,N+N2 LN2+0J,xKN $+0dN NJ2N2 $xKzPN2 z2 PN- [=^ [JN,N- $xKzPN2 Hz22 J2 PN- ^*,yJGP*2L H0)zGN2+N- ]J2P*2LN2 FJ+ PN- [=^ J2 xKNFJ,xKN2 !N-2PN-*2 LN2 z2 PN2 ]z,N2 PN- [=^ 0PN- JF ]z,N2)N-G*,+ yN,+NKN2 [*-xKG*M+ PJN NGGN NJ2N2 %N/GJHz+J02,HG*, yN)0- PN- [=^$xKzPN2 -N/z-JN-+ J,+ Hz22 N, *- ^*, yJGP*2L ,+zyJGN- >*+z+J02N2 H0FFN2 BF 20-FzGN2 ?NyN2,HG*, PN- NGGN yN,+NK+ (J,xKN2 $xKzPN2,,N+*2L *2P -N/z-z+*- NJ2 DGNJxKLN(JxK+ ^GGLNFNJ2 J,+ NJ2N NGGN J2 PN- ?zLN ?,J02N2 z2 PN- [=^ M-KNJ+JL * N-HN22N2 PJN LN,xKPJL+N2 [=^ ^y,xK2J++N KN-z*,*,xK2NJPN2 *2P P*-xK =N*,2+KN,N * N-,N+N2 [JN,N2 '-0N,, 2N22+ Fz2 z*N-/Gz2FJLN [=^$2+KN,N "2,xKNP*GNP [=^ $2+KN,J, H*- "[$ $JN G*M+ J2 PN2 FNJ,+N2 NGGN2 FJ+ FNK- 0PN- FJ2PN- L-0N- DN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ zy
q DN2N+J,xKN #0JH0G0LJN
tp
[z, '-J2J/ PN, "[$#N,+, yN-*K+ Pz-z*M Pz,, xKNFJ,xK/K,JHzGJ,xKN =0N2 PJN [=^ZJ,J02,-N/z-z+*- J2P*JN-N2 H22N2 [N2 PzyNJ NJ2LN,N++N2 NGGN2 (J-P *,zFFN2 FJ+ PN- '-M,*y,+z2 0PN- PNF '-MLNFJ,xK -zPJ0zH+J)N, #KFJPJ2 z2 LNy0+N2 [JN,N, (J-P Pz22 (K-N2P PN- %N/z-z+*-,2+KN,N J2 PN2 2N*,2+KN+J,JN-+N2 [=^^y,xK2J++ NJ2LNyz*+ [JN >N2LN z2 NJ2LNyz*+NF -zPJ0zH+J)N2 #KFJPJ2 Hz22 z*+0-zPJ0L-z/KJ,xK yN,+JFF+ (N-PN2 *2P J,+ NJ2 >z M- NJ2N ,+z++LNM*2PN2N %N /z-z+*- Z, ,/JNLNG+ PJN LN2+0J,xKN '0+N2 NJ2N, ^LN2, (JPN- P K ,NJ2N EKJLHNJ+ PJN [=^ * N--NJxKN2 *2P * )N-2PN-2 [N- %N/z-z+*-#N,+ (*-PN J2 zKG-NJxKN2 !z-Jz2+N2 FJ+ )N-,xKJNPN2N2 '-JF- NGGN2 *2P NGGGJ2JN2 (JN ?F/K0+N2 Z/J+KNG *2P ?NyN-NGGN2 CN/z+0+N2 N2+ (JxHNG+ ZJ2N ,+z-HN !N-y-NJ+*2L Kz+ PN- "[$#N,+ FJ+ ?NyN-NGGN2 z*, =zLN-2 LN M*2PN2 [JN FNJ,+N2 $+z2Pz-P/-0+0H0GGN *F "[$#N,+ PJN J2 PN- \KNFJHzGJN2 /-M*2L z2LN(z2P+ (N-PN2 z-yNJ+N2 FJ+ /-JF-N2 %z++N2 0PN- >z*,KN/z+0+N2 ]*++N-(0-+K N+ zG pqrn >zPGN N+ zG ppu E- E-zLN,+NGG*2LN2 PN, DN(,,N- ,xK*+N, ,J2P z*xK NGGN2 z*, z.*z+J,xKN2 JH-0 ,0FN2#N,+ 2JxK+ N-M0-PN-GJxK FzxK+ [z, CN/z+0+N2,,+NF Hz22 PzKN- z*xK ,NKJ2,+zyJGN LN2+0J,xKN %NzH+J02,/-0P*H+N N-Mz,,N2 Pz JK-N Z2+,+NK*2L *2P PJN [=^ J-H*2L J2 PN-,NGyN2 NGGN zyGz*MN2 ZJ2 (NJ+N-N- !0-+NJG GJNL+ J2 PN- #z+,zxKN Pz,, ?NyN-NGGN2 ,JxK J2 @*G+*- Hz*F +NJGN2 [JN -NL*G-N [=^%N/GJHz+J02,,2+KN,N (K-N2P PN- NGG+NJG*2L (-PN * NJ2NF Fz,,J)N2 ZJ2yz* PN, -zPJ0zH+J)N2 #K FJPJ2, J2 PJN [=^ MK-N2 *2P PJN %N/z-z+*-,2+KN,N yN-PNxHN2 [JN (N2JLN2 -N/GJHz+J)N2 CN/z+0+N2 ,J2P KJ2LNLN2 GNJxK+ * N-HN22N2 *2P H22N2 yNJ PN- ]N ,+JFF*2L PN- [=^%N/z-z+*- *2yN-xH,JxK+JL+ yGNJyN2 "2zyK2LJL )0F )N-(N2PN+N2 NGG+/ +NJG+ ,JxK PN- "[$#N,+ JF N,N2+GJxKN2 J2 (NJ FN+K0PJ,xKN ^-yNJ+,,xK-J++No $xKzP,+0dNJ2(J-H*2L *2P #KFJPJ2NJ2yz* ,0 (JN ^*+0-zPJ0L-z/KJN *2P ^*,(N-+*2L J-P HNJ2N /N-Fz2N2+N NGGGJ2JN NJ2LN,N++ ,02PN-2 FJ+ '-JF-NGGN2 LNz-yNJ+N+ LNK+ PNF NJLN2+GJxKN2 "[$#N,+ PJN DN(J22*2L PN- NGGN2 z*, PNF #N,+0-Lz2J,F*, )0-z*, *- DN(J22*2L PN- CN/z+0+N2 (J-P KN*+N FNJ,+ NJ2N (NJ,+*MN2/N-M*,J02 LN (KG+o B2 NJ2NF N-,+N2 'N-M*,J02,,xK-J++ (N-PN2 PN- ?NyN- (K-N2P PN, [*-xK,+-FN2, )02 \z *2P >LM-NJN- '*dN-G,*2L PJN (NJ(N-+JLN2 B02N2 N2+0LN2 [zyNJ (J-P PJN NGGKzM+*2L LN,/-N2L+ [N- (NJ+N 'N-M*,J02,,xK-J++ ,+NGG+ Pz22 NJ2N N2Fz+J,xKN ^*V,*2L PN, DN(NyN)N-yz2PN, P*-xK Pz, Z2F \0GGzLN2z,N Pz- >NxKz2J,xK )N-NJ2NG+ (N-PN2 PJN NGGN2 P*-xK ^*,HFFN2 *2P ^*,,xK(NFF*2L J2, >NPJ*F *2P EJG+-z+J02 yN- DzN2 FJ+ >z,xKN2(NJ+N2 )02 N+(z wt KF *2P r KF [JN LN(z,xKN 2N2 NGGN2 (N-PN2 J2 @*G+*-FNPJ*F z*MLN20FFN2 *2P 2zxK PN- ]N,+JFF*2L )02 NGGzKG *2P !J+zGJ++ z*M PJN M- PN2 "[$#N,+ LN(KG+N NGGPJxK+N NJ2LN,+NGG+ ~yGJxKN-(NJ,N (J-P KN*+N PN- "[$#N,+ J2 >*G+J(NGG7'Gz++N2 z*M -*2PN2 'Gz, +JH,xKNJyN2 ,0 LN2z22+N2 \0)N-,GJ/, P*-xKLNMK-+ z*M PN2N2 ,JxK PJN CN/z+0+N2 ,NK- L*+ z2KNM+N2 #N,+,*y,+z2N2 G,,+ Fz2 w yJ, q $+*2PN2 Pz, vCFz-HJN-+N #KFJPJ2 yGJxKN-(NJ,N q $+*2PN2 z*M PJN NGGN2 NJ2(J-HN2 [JN )0-yNKz2PNG+N2
tpw
q #0JH0G0LJN
*2P z*M PN2 \0)N-,GJ/, XJN-+N2 NGGN2 (N-PN2 N2+,/-NxKN2P PN2 CN-,+NGGN-z2LzyN2 FJ+ E0+0NF*G,J02 yN,xKJxK+N+ *2P NJ2JLN #zLN FNJ,+ yNJ #NF/N-z+*-N2 )02 g w \ zyN- z*xK g r \ J,+ yGJxK N/02JN-+ [JN ^*+0-zPJ0L-z/KJN yJN+N+ LNLN2yNzG+N-2z+J)N2 -zPJ0xKNFJ,xKN2 >N+K0PN2 (JN PN- EG,,JL,J2+JGGz+J02 PN2 !0-+NJG Pz,, -N/z-JN-N2PN NGGN2 )02 -N/GJHz+J)N2 P0//NGHN-2JLN2 *2P /H2J,xKN2 NGGN2 GNJxK+ zyL-N2yz- ,J2P *2P z*M PN2 ZJ2,z+ )02 CNFF,+0dN2 *- "2+N-P-xH*2L PN- %N/GJHz+J02 )N-JxK+N+ (N-PN2 Hz22 =zxK PNF /K0+0xKNFJ,xKN2 Z2+(JxHNG2 *2P PNF ^2M-yN2 PN- '-/z-z+N M0GL+ PJN FJH-0,H0/J,xKN ^*,(N-+*2L PN- NGGN2 M- PN-N2 z*+0Fz+J,xKN2 0PN- KzGyz*+0Fz+J,xKN2 ^yGz*M N2+,/-NxKN2PN $0M+(z-N yN-NJ+, H0FFN-JNGG *- !N-ML*2L ,+NK+ DNKG+ (J-P PJN ^2zKG PN- $JGyN-H-2N- L-zJ2, yN- PN- NGGHN-2-NLJ02 *2P yN- NJ2 yJ, P-NJ LGNJxKL-0N2 'Gz,Fzz-NzGN2 ~yGJxKN-(NJ,N (N-PN2 v yJ, t NGGN2 /-0 '-/z-z+ z*,LN(N-+N+ [JN =N++0,JGyN-H0-2-z+N J,+ PJN [JdN-N2 PN- $JGyN-H0-2 K*XLHNJ+ ==D yN- PN2 @N-2N2 *2P PN- FJ++GN-N2 +0/Gz,FzVxKN ]NJ PN,+z+J,+J,xKN2 ^2zG,N (J-P z2LN20FFN2 Pz,, PJN [JdN-N2N2 20-FzG )N-+NJG+ ,J2Pn P K Pz,, PJN [JdN-N2N2 NJ2N =0-FzG)N-+NJG*2L FJ+ NJ2NF >J++NG(N-+ *2P NJ2N$+z2Pz-Pzy(NJxK*2L KzyN2 [JN,N- >J++NG(N-+ HN22NJxK2N+ PJN !N-+NJG*2L PN- [JM MN-N2N2 (J,xKN2 PN- '-0yN *2P PN- =NLz+J)H02+-0GGN AN L-N- PN- >J++NG(N-+ ==D PN- '-0yN J,+ zG, PN,+0 ,+-HN- LN2+0J,xK J,+ PJN '-0yN NJ2*,xK+N2 ZJ2N N-KK+N @02N2+-z+J02 z2 $JGyN-H-2N-2 JF !N-LGNJxK *- *2yNKz2PNG+N2 =NLz+J) H02+-0GGN NJL+ PJN )02 PN- #N,+,*y,+z2 J2P*JN-+N z*N-/Gz2FJLN [=^%N/z -z+*-,2+KN,N z2 >J+ /-JF-N2 %z++N2KN/z+0+N2 LNG+N2 *F ]NJ,/JNG PJN @-J+N-JN2 2zxK PN2N2 NJ2N '-0yN zG, /0,J+J) z2LN,NKN2 (J-P zG, N-MGG+ (N22 PJN FJ++GN-N =N++0,JGyN-H0-2-z+N N-+N )02 FNK- zG, v yJ, t $JGyN-H-2N-2 N2+,/-NxKN2P PN2 H02H-N+N2 !N-,*xK,yNPJ2L*2LN2 JF !N-LGNJxK *- =NLz+J)H02+-0GGN z22JFF+ ZNF/Gz-J,xK J,+ JF E0GLN2PN2 Pz, ^-yNJ+,/-0+0H0GG NJ2N, B2)J+-0"[$#N,+, FJ+ /-JF-N2 CN/z+0+N2 PN- %NLN2y0LN2M0-NGGN NJ2,xKGJNGJxK PN- NGGLN(J22*2L Pz-LN,+NGG+o B,0Gz+J02 PN- '-JF-NGGN2 #JN- yN+*yN2 ?NyN- M-NJGNLN2 EGLNGHz2GN J2 PJN 'M0-+zPN- NJ2MK-N2 /0,+KN /z+J,xKN2 ]G*+H-NJ,Gz*M d2N2n 'N-M*-,J02o \z *2P >LM-NJN Cz2H,CZ'Z$?,*2L 'N-M*,J02,G,*2L B /C ru v \ t FJ2n w 'N-M*,J02o 'N-M*,J02,G,*2L Bh\0GGzLN2z,Nh\zwh h>Lwh h%J2PN-,N-*FzG y*FJ2 /C ru v \ xz wt FJ2n NGGN2 z*,HFFN2 yN- wt *2P r KFDzN XG+-JN-N2 (z,xKN2n NGGzKG *2P !J+zGJ++ yN,+JFFN2 ] FJ+ #-/z2yGz*>N+K0PNn [=^%N/z-z+*-#N,+ NGG,*,/N2,J02 )02 /-JF-N2 CN/z+0+N2 q Y t NGGN2 J2 u FG JGGJzF, >NPJ*F Z z*M \0)N-,GJ/ ] #KN-Fz20O 'N+-J,xKzGN 0PN- s(NGG'Gz++Nn NGGN2 u K yNJ t \ *2P ; ?*M+MN*xK+N z2KzM+N2 Gz,,N2n B2)J+-0$xKzP,+0dN/0,J+J02h#KFJPJ2 K\JFG M- q K yNJ t \ *2P ; ?*M+MN*xK+Nn (z,xKN2 FJ+ ;JLN- =z\J+-z+?,*2L yNKz2PNG2 z*M \0)N-,GJ/ XJN-N2 FJ+ Z+Kz20GZJ,N,,JL v o n \0)N-,GJ/ z*M N-xHn
q DN2N+J,xKN #0JH0G0LJN
tpv
M- ^*+0-zPJ0L-z/KJN E0+0NF*G,J02 )N-(N2PN2 ] @0PzH =#]w z*+0-zPJ0 L-z/K ,0G*+J02 r #zLN yNJ g w \ N/02JN-N2 N2+(JxHNG2 ] FJ+ @0PzH [N)NG0/N- *2P EJN- z2M-yN2 ] DJNF,zn *2+N- PNF >JH-0,H0/ z*,(N-+N2 =N++0,JGyN-H0-2-z+N ]J0FN+-JN
nn YN- Z0FN+\,,w [N- \0FN+^,,z N- (J-P z*xK zG, >JH-0LNGNGNH+-0/K0-N,N 0PN- ZJ2NGNGGDNG ZGNH+-0/K0-N,N yNNJxK2N+ ,+NGG+ NJ2N NJ2MzxKN *2P NF/X2PGJxKN >N+K0PN *- &*z2 +JXJN-*2L /-JF-N- [=^$xKPN2 Pz- *2P J,+ (NLN2 ,NJ2N- $N2,J+J)J++ *2P !JNG ,NJ+JLHNJ+ * NJ2NF (NJ+ )N-y-NJ+N+N2 B2PJHz+0-+N,+ LN(0-PN2 [z, !N-MzK-N2 FJ,,+ ZJ2NG *2P [0//NG,+-z2Ly-xKN J2 PN- N*Hz-0+J,xKN2 ZJ2NGNGGN P K J2 ZJ2NGGN-2 0PN- )N-NJ2NG+N2 DN(Ny,NGGN2 FJ+ NxK+NF NGGHN-2 *2P PN+NH+JN-+ [=^$xK PN2 PJN )02 zGHGJN-N2PN2 *2P J2+N-HzGJN-N2PN2 ^LN2JN2 *2P 0JPz+J)NF $+-N,, z*,LNG,+ (N-PN2o ^GHGJN-N2PN ^LN2JN2 /-0P*JN-N2 *2+N- /K,J0G0LJ,xKN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 K0xK-NzH +J)N NGNH+-0/KJGN \z-y02J*FB02N2 PJN FJ+ 2*HGN0/KJGN2 $+-*H+*-N2 J2 PN- NGGN -NzLJN-N2 H22N2 B2 PN- [=^ ,J2P PJN, )0--z2LJL PJN 'K0,/Kz+L-*//N2 *2P PJN $+JxH,+0dz+0FN J2 PN2 =*HGN0+JPyz,N2 B2+N-HzGJN-N2PN ^LN2JN2 ,J2P xKNFJ,xKN $*y,+z2N2 PJN ,JxK yN-(JNLN2P yNNGNH+-0,+z+J,xKN ]J2P*2LN2 J2 PJN [=^[0//NGKNGJ NJ2GzLN-2 *2P PzP*-xK '*2H+F*+z+J02N2 *2P \K-0F0,0FN2)N-2PN-*2LN2 KN-)0--*MN2 H22N2 [JN [*-xKMK-*2L PN, \0FN+^,,z J,+ FJ+ Mz,+ INPNF N*Hz-0+J,xKN2 NGG+/ FL GJxK *2P )0F NGGHG*, *2zyK2LJL [=^$xKPN2 H22N2 PzKN- ,0(0KG J2 /-0 GJMN-JN-N2PN2 zG, z*xK J2 2JxK+/-0GJMN-JN-N2PN2 NGGN2 2zxKLN(JN,N2 (N-PN2 BF \0 FN+^,,z F*,, PJN NGGN 2JxK+ N-,+ (JN M- PN2 =zxK(NJ, )02 >JH-0HN-2N2 0PN\K-0F0,0FN2zyN--z+J02N2 N-M0-PN-GJxK NJ2N >J+0,N P*-xKGz*MN2 yN)0- Fz2 NJ2N2 ZdNH+ yN0yzxK+N2 Hz22 [JN >N+K0PN LNK+ z*M %PyN-L *2P A0Kz2,02 prq ,0(JN 0PJXHz+J02N2 *2P !N- yN,,N-*2LN2 KzyN2 JK2 * NJ2NF ,N2,J+J)N2 #N,+ JF $x-NN2J2L )02 ZJ2NG,*y,+z2N2 *2P H0F/GNN2 DNFJ,xKN2 (N-PN2 Gz,,N2 >J+ PNF \0FN+^,,z ,J2P ,0(0KG B2 )J+-0 zG, z*xK B2)J)0"2+N-,*xK*2LN2 J2 zKG-NJxKN2 JL-z+J02 JF NGNH+-J,xKN2 ENGP zG,0 yN- PJN ?2LN PN, @0FN+N2,xK(NJMN, yN,+JFF+ =NyN2 PN- $xK(NJV2LN H22N2 FJ+ CJGMN N2+,/-NxKN2PN- ]JGPz*,(N-+*2L,)N-MzK-N2 ] )02 PN- Ez 0FN2+77 *,zFFN2LNMz,,+o #zJG >0FN2+ f #zJG?N2L+K Y #zJG[=^
q
B2 PN- %NLNG (N-PN2 /-0 @02N2+-z+J02 @0FN+N2 )02 (NJ N,,/z-zFN+N- FJ+ CJGMN PJ)N-,N- ,+z+J,+J,xKN- !N-MzK-N2 z*,LN(N-+N+ ZJ2 ^-yNJ+,/-0+0H0GG PN, \0FN+^,,z J,+ zF ]NJ,/JNG NJ2N, B2)J)0 *2P B2)J+-0^2,z+N, FJ+ /-JF-N2 *2P /N-Fz2N2+N2 EJ,xKNGGN2 JF E0GLN2PN2 Pz-LN,+NGG+o
q DN2N+J,xKN #0JH0G0LJN
tpt
EJ,xKN J2 )J)0 LNLN2yN- PNF $xKzP,+0d N/02JN-N2 *2P z2,xKGJNN2P '-JF- NGGN2 ] ?F/K0+N2 CN/z+0+N2 @JNFN2NGGN2 J,0GJN-N2 0PN *N-,+ '-JF-NGGN2 J,0GJN-N2 *2P PJN,N 0PN- NJ2N EJ,xKNGGH*G+*- ] %#Dwn %#? J2 )J+-0 LNLN2yN- PNF $xKzP,+0d N/02JN-N2n NGGN2 J2 ?0(>NG+J2L^Lz-0,N NJ2yN++N2 >J2JLNGN z*M z*MLN-z*K+N2 $*+z+J02,M0-,xK*2L Kz+ PzM- PJN (J,,N2 ,xKzM+GJxKN2 !0-z*,,N+*2LN2 * ,xKzdN2 *F NJ2N z*M [z+N2 LN,+++N .*zGJ+z+J)N *2P .*z2+J+z+J)N ^2zG,N * N-FLGJxKN2 *2P MK-N2 * H22N2 [JN ]N(G+JL*2L PJN,N- ^*MLzyN N-M0-PN-+ LNNJL2N+N >N+K0PN2 *F =zxK(NJ, LN2+0J,xKN- $*y,+z2 N2 [z N, M- PN2 =zxK(NJ, NJ2N- FLGJxKN2 DN2+0JJ++ HNJ2 BPNzG#N,+,,+NF LJy+ ,J2P J2 PN2 *-xHGJNLN2PN2 yJ, w AzK-N2 #N,+,+-z+NLJN2 PJ,H*+JN-+ (0-PN2 PJN *- BPN2+JXJN-*2L NJ2N- /0+N2JNGGN2 LN2+0J,xKN2 !N-yJ2P*2L )02 NJ2JLN2 (N 2JLN2 NdJJN2+N2 @*-NJ++N,+, z*,LNKN2 ?N++GJxK ,0GG Pz, LN2+0J,xKN %J,JH0 FJ+ ]GJxH z*M Z-yL*+)N-2PN-*2L *2P @z2 N-0LN2J++ .*z2+JXJN-yz- ,NJ2 [JN >NK-zKG xKNFJ,xKN- !N-yJ2P*2LN2 FJ+ Hz2 N-0LN2N2 ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 Hz22 z*xK * )N-N-yyz-N2 >*+z+J02N2 MK-N2 Z-HG-+ (J-P PJN,N 'z-zGGNGJ++ )02 @z2N-0LN2N,N *2P >*+zLN2N,N P*-xK PJN ,0Fz+J,xKN >*+z+J02,+KN0-JN PJN J2 PN- J--N)N-,JyGN2 B2P*H+J02 PNF N-,+N2 $xK-J++ PN- @z2 N-0LN2N,N NJ2 >*+z+J02,N-NJL2J, ,JNK+ ^*M PJN,NF *,zFFN2Kz2L yz,JN-+ Pz, @02N/+ M- PN2 ZJ2,z+ LN2N+J,xKN- @*-NJ++N,+, *F =zxK(NJ, /0+N2JNGGN- Hz2 N-0LN2N- $*y,+z2N2 B2(J,xKN2 Kz+ zGGN-PJ2L, PJN ,+2PJL (zxK,N2PN zKG )02 #N,+,,+NFN2 N, N-M0- PN-GJxK LNFzxK+ NJ2N zGGLNFNJ2N Cz-F02J,JN-*2L J2 PN- ^*,(zKG *2P ^2(N2P*2L PN- @*-NJ++N,+, z2*,+-NyN2 B2 PN2 zxK+JLN- AzK-N2 (*-PN J2+N2,J) 2zxK NJ2Ny-z*xKyz-N2 @0FyJ2z+J02 )02 #N,+,,+NFN2 LN,*xK+ PJN NJ2N FLGJxK,+ ,JxKN-N BPN2+JXJN-*2L F*+zLN2N- $*y,+z2N2 N-FLGJxK+ [zyNJ H022+N2 NJ2JLN (JxK+JLN ^*,,zLN2 M0-F*GJN-+ (N-PN2 PN $N--N, *2P ^,Ky pqn ^,Ky N+ zG pqt *2P pqqo [JN N2+-zGN $+NGG*2L PN, $zGF02NGGz#N,+, 2zxK ^FN, J2 PN- >*+z+J02,+N,+*2L (J-P yN,++JL+ [JN >NK-zKG PN- >*+zLN2J++,+N,+, Hz22 PJN Z-LNy2J,,N PN, $zG
tps
q #0JH0G0LJN
F02NGGz#N,+, yN,++JLN2n PJN ]N*-+NJG*2L )02 '-0yGNFMGGN2 yGNJy+ *2zyK2LJL )02 PN- zKG PN- NJ2LN,N++N2 #N,+, K2GJxK ,xK(JN-JL ]NJ $*y,+z2N2 FJ+ N-(JN,N2N- @z2N-0LN2J++ yNJ =zLN-2 zyN- NJ2N- B2zH+J)J++ JF ^FN,#N,+ N-(NJ,+ ,JxK PN- B2)J+-0=zxK(NJ, ,+-*H+*-NGGN- \K-0F0,0FN2zyN--z+J0 2N2 zG, GNJ,+*2L,MKJL *F @z-J20LN2N zG, LN2+0J,xKN =0N2 * JPN2+JXJN-N2 (J,xKN2 PN2 ^*,,zLN2 z*, B2)J+-0 *2P B2)J)0!N-MzK-N2 F*,, PN*+GJxK *2+N- ,xKJNPN2 (N-PN2 BF N,N2+GJxKN2 J,+ zG, $xKG*,,M0GLN-*2L NJ2N #N,+,+-z+NLJN N2+(JxHNG+ (0-PN2n PJN z*, v z*MNJ2z2PN- M0GLN2PN2 $+*MN2 yN,+NK+ ] N+K0PN ^FN,#N,+ *2P NJ2 $*LN- NGG+N,+ B2)J+-0=zxK(NJ, )02 \K-0F0,0FN2zyN--z+J02N2 )0-LN,xKGzLN2 ]GNJy+ PJN #N,+,*y,+z2 J2 PJN,N2 B2)J+-0!N-MzK-N2 (J-H*2L,G0, H22N2 LN2 +0J,xKN ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 2zKN* z*,LN,xKG0,,N2 (N-PN2 !02 =zxK+NJG ,0GxKN- @0F yJ2z+J02N2 )02 @*-NJ+)N-MzK-N2 J,+ (N22 ,JN z*M PNF LGNJxKN2 FN+zy0GJ,xKN2 ^H+J)JN-*2L,,,+NF yz,JN-N2 @-zFN-, N+ zG pp =N*N-N B2)J+-0$,+NFN yN -xH,JxK+JLN2 FNK- NJ2N2 zP.*z+N2 >N+zy0GJ,F*, ] P*-xK PN2 ZJ2,z+ /-J F-N- NGGN2 FN+zy0GJ,xK H0F/N+N2+N- NGGN2 0PN- K*Fz2JXJN-+N- $*LN-NGGH*G +*-N2 *2P N-JNGN2 PzP*-xK NJ2N KKN-N ^*,,zLNH-zM+ JF !N-LGNJxK * PN2 KN- HFFGJxKN2 $+z2Pz-P)N-MzK-N2 [JN E*2H+J02 PN- w $+*MN J,+ N, FJ+ (NJ yJ, P-NJ B2)J)0>N+K0PN2 ] ENGG VNxHN2+N,+ #-z2,LN2N >0PNGGN *2+N- PN2 B2)J+-0DN2+0J2N2 PN- $+*MN IN2N KN-z*,*X2PN2 PJN M- PN2 >N2,xKN2 -NGN)z2+ ,NJ2 H22+N2 [JN,N, !0-LNKN2 ,xKGJN+ NJ2 Pz,, 2NLz+J)N [z+N2 zF J2+zH+N2 $*LN- NJ2N2 /0,J+J)N2 ]NM*2P z*, PN- B2)J+-0#N,+*2L yN-,+JFFN2 *2P .*z,J z*N- @-zM+ ,N+N2 Z/N-JFN2+NGG (J-P PJN,N- !0-Lz2L P*-xK NJ2N %NJKN )02 B2)J+-0DN2+0J2N2 *2+N-Fz*N-+ PJN J2 )J)0 (NPN- DN2+0JJ++ 20xK @z2N-0LN2J++ z*M(NJ,N2 ^-2J N+ zG pqqn ^,Ky *2P #N22z2+ pp ]J, *- 'Kz,N v J,+ PJN #N,+,+-z+NLJN M- PJN BPN2+JXJN-*2L )02 /0+N2+JNGGN2 @z- J20LN2N2 *2P @NJFNGGF*+zLN2N2 JPN2+J,xK [z, JNG PN- v $+*MN J,+ N, * HG-N2 J2(JN(NJ+ PJN yN+-NdN2PN #N,+,*y,+z2 *2+N- B2)J)0]NPJ2L*2LN2 yN- F*+zLN2N NJ2,xKGJNGJxK HNJFNGGF*+zLN2N *2P0PN- Hz2N-0LN2N ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 )N-ML+ !JNGN \KNFJHzGJN2 zyN- J2,yN,02PN-N 2N*N !N-yJ2P*2LN2 (N-PN2 JF EzGGN NJ2N/0,J+J)N2 $+*MN w 2JxK+ z*xK 20xK J2 NJ2N- (NJ+N-N2 $+*MN LN+N,+N+ P K J2 PN/-zH+J,xKN2 \KNFJHzGJN2/-M*2L N-y-JL+ ,JxK Pz22 FNJ,+ PJN #N,+*2L J2 $+*MN v Pz yNJ PN- %J,JH0zy,xK+*2L Pz, LN,zF+N +0JH0G0LJ,xKN '-0XG NJ2N- $*y,+z2 NJ2yN0LN2 (J-P [JN ^2(N2P*2L NJ2N, DN,zF+H02N/+, J2 Pz, 2zxK >LGJxKHNJ+ )N-,xKJNPN2N ^,/NH+N PN- #0JH0G0LJN NJ2yN0LN2 ,J2P Kz+ *- E0GLN Pz,, NJ2 =NLz+J)yNM*2P FJ+ NJ2NF @NJFNGG+N,+ Pz22 HNJ2N2 ZJ2V*,, z*M PN2 ^yGz*M PN%J,JH0z2zG,N KzyN2 (J-P (N22 PJN $*y,+z2 N-(JN,N2N-FzN2 Hz2N-0LN2 J,+ =zxK PNF LNLN2(-+JLN2 J,,N2,,+z2P (J-HN2 zGGN yNHz22+N2 @NJFNGGF*+zLN2N z*xK J2 ,0Fz+J,xKN2 NGGN2 J2 )J)0 F*+zLN2 *2P0PN- Hz2N-0LN2 *FLNHNK-+ J,+ PJN, zyN- 2JxK+ PN- EzGG
q DN2N+J,xKN #0JH0G0LJN
tpr
[z, '-M,xKNFz ,+NGG+ HNJ2N ,+z--N #N,+yz++N-JN Pz- *2P *2+N-GJNL+ PN- FN+K0PJ,xKN2 NJ+N-N2+(JxHG*2L ^G, NJ2 *2xK,+ M- PJN \KNFJHzGJN2/-M*2L )0-LN,xKGzLN2N, *2P N2+(JxHNG+N, !N-MzK-N2 (J-P N, J2 ,NJ2N- D-*2P,+-*H+*- N-M0GL-NJxK z*xK Mz2PN-N E-zLN,+NGG*2LN2 JF LN,*2PKNJ+,yN0LN2N2 "F(NG+F02J+0-J2L z2LN(N2PN+ AN 2zxK PN- E-zLN,+NGG*2L 0y NJ2N ZJ2NG,*y,+z2 0PN- NJ2 H0F/GNN, DNFJ,xK * yN(N-+N2 J,+ ,0GG+N Pz, >N+K0PN2,/NH+-*F JNG0-JN2+JN-+ z*,LN(KG+ (N-PN2 EPJN LN2+0JH0G0LJ,xKN ]N*-+NJG*2L NJ2N- z,,N-/-0yN zG, H0F/GNN, DNFJ,xK -NJxK+ FNJ,+ NJ2N Az=NJ2Z2+,xKNJP*2L LN2+0J,xK 0PN- 2JxK+LN2+0J,xK z*, PJN FJ+ (NJ yJ, P-NJ B2)J+-0!N-MzK-N2 -NGz+J) *)N-G,,JL LN+-0dN2 (N-PN2 Hz22 E- PJN \Kz -zH+N-J,JN-*2L NJ2N- ZJ2NG,*y,+z2 J,+ Mz,+ J2 INPNF EzGGN NJ2N *FMz2L-NJxKN *2P z*M PN2 $+0d yN0LN2N VNJyGN >N+K0PN2z*,(zKG 20+(N2PJL ^F ]NJ,/JNG PN, ]-0Fz+, Hz22 z*MLNNJL+ (N-PN2 Pz,, FJ+ VNJyGN2 #N,+,+-z+NLJN2 ,/NJX,xKN E-zLN,+NGG*2LN2 *F J-HFNxKz2J,F*, LN2+0J,xKN- $*y,+z2N2 zyLN HG-+ (N-PN2 H22N2 BF ^FN,#N,+ yGJNy ]-0Fz+ (NJ+LNKN2P 0K2N F*+zLN2N J- H*2L =*- JF #N,+,+zFF #^ (J-H+N ]-0Fz+ ,xK(zxK F*+zLN2 B,KJPz+N N+ zG pqun @*-0Hz(z N+ zG pp B2 PN- $*LN-NGGH*G+*- *2P JF @20xKN2Fz-H PN%z++N G,+N ]-0Fz+ yN-NJ+, zy -NGz+J) 2JNP-JLN2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 P0,J,zyK2LJL \K-0F0,0FN2zyN--z+J02N2 *2P >JH-0HN-2N z*, Czz,KJ N+ zG pqqn B,KJPz+N N+ zG pqun =zHzIJFz N+ zG pqp [JN B^%\ ,+*M+N ]-0Fz+ zG, Hz2N-0LN2 JF #JN*2P zG, FLGJxKN-(NJ,N H-Ny,N-N*LN2P M- PN2 >N2,xKN2 NJ2 B^%\ pp z*, 0PN- D0GPKzF,+N- -Nz LJN-+N2 (N2JLN- NF/X2PGJxK CNFy-z2 KJ2LNLN2 Hz22 PN2 ZJ2+-J++ )02 #-/z2yGz* J2, NGGJ22N-N 2JxK+ FNK)N-KJ2PN-2 BF ?JxK+FJH-0,H0/ (J-P (J,xKN2 LNM-y+N2 *2P *2LNM-y+N2 NGGN2 PJdN-N2JN-+ *2P Pz-z*, PN- ^2+NJG LNM-y+N- LGNJxK +0+N- NGGN2 N-FJ++NG+ ^2PN-N Ez-y,+0dN (N-PN2 P*-xK J2+zH+N Z2FN J2 GNyN2PN2 NGGN2 * Mz-yJLN2 %NzH
q DN2N+J,xKN #0JH0G0LJN
tpp
+J02,/-0P*H+N2 *FLN,N++ CJN-* KGN2 PJN #N+-z0GJ*FMz-y,+0dN >># *2P $# PJN )02 PN2 [NKP-0LN2z,N2 PN- >J+0xK02P-JN2 * H-M+JL LNM-y+N2 E0-Fzz2N2 *FLN,N++ (N-PN2 #0+N NGGN2 yGNJyN2 KJN-yNJ *2LNM-y+ ZJ2 z2PN -N- )JNG )N-(N2PN+N- Ez-y,+0d J,+ =N*+-zG-0+ PN2 PJN GNyN2PN NGGN zH+J) J2 PJN ?,0,0FN2 +-z2,/0-+JN-+ *2P ,JxK PzP*-xK -0+ M-y+ ^G, NJ2 (NJ+N-N- *2P K*XL yN,+JFF+N- 'z-zFN+N- M- PJN +0+0JJ++ PJN2+ PJN ?zH+z+PNKP-0LN2z,N^H+J)J++ JF @*G+*-FNPJ*F ]NJ NJ2N- $xKPJL*2L PN- NGG FNFy-z2 (J-P Pz, J2+-zNGG*G-N Z2F )02 PN- NGGN M-NJLN,N++ [JN ,xK2NGGN *2P ,JxKN-N &*z2+JXJN-*2L PN- +0+0J,xKN2 J-H*2L J,+ z2 NJ2N LNNJL 2N+N >N,,FN+K0PN LNy*2PN2 ZJ2N )N-y-NJ+N+N ^2(N2P*2L KzyN2 >JH-0+J+N-)N-MzK -N2 LNM*2PN2 PJN NJ2N yN-,JxK+GJxKN #N,+*2L )02 ZJ2NG,*y,+z2N2 )02 PN-N2 @0F yJ2z+J02N2 0PN- )02 H0F/GNN2 DNFJ,xKN2 yN- (NJ+N @02N2+-z+J02,yN-NJxKN N- FLGJxKN2 >NJ,+ J,+ PN- ZJ2,z+ )02 >JH-0+J+N-/Gz++N2 z2 NJ2N /K0+0xKNFJ,xKN >N +K0PN LNy*2PN2 Pz *- ^*,(N-+*2L KN*+N GNJ,+*2L,MKJLN 'K0+0FN+N- M- NJ2N2 L-0N2 '-0yN2P*-xK,z+ *- !N-ML*2L ,+NKN2 [JN /K0+0xKNFJ,xKN >N,,*2L N- FLGJxK+ NJ2N L*+N &*z2+JXJN-*2L +0+0J,xKN- ^H+J)J++N2 P*-xK -NGz+J) NJ2MzxKN, Z-,+NGGN2 )02 [0,J, J-H*2L]NJNK*2LN2 z*, PN2N2 J2 ^2zG0LJN * PN2 ?[t N-+N2 PJN z*, PN- B2)J)0#0JJ++,+N,+*2L yNHz22+ ,J2P ,0 LN2z22+N ?\t N-+N zyLNGNJ+N+ (N-PN2 H22N2 [JN ?[t NJ2N- =0N J,+ PJN GN+zGN [0,J, ?[ yNJ PNPJN CGM+N PN- !N-,*xK,0-Lz2J,FN2 J22N-KzGy NJ2N, yN,+JFF+N2 NJ+-z*FN, ,+J-y+ (K-N2P Fz2 FJ+ ?\t PJN GN+zGN @02N2+-z+J02 NJ2N, $+0dN, J2 z,,N- ]0PN2 0PN?*M+ yNNJxK2N+ yNJ PN- t ; PN- !N-,*xK,0-Lz2J,FN2 ,+N-yN2 $NGy,+)N-,+2PGJxK ,0GG+N Fz2 PJN >LGJxKHNJ+N2 *2P D-N2N2 )02 B2)J+-0+0+0JJ++,+N,+, -NzGJ, +J,xK NJ2,xK+N2 ZJ2 B2)J+-0#N,+ yGNJy+ *2xK,+ NJ2 z*M PJN NGGN yN,xK-2H+N, Z-NJL2J, *,N2 (*-PN2 ?[t N-+N M- \z20yzH+N-JN2+0J2 J2 (,,-JLN2 '-0yN2 N-FJ++NG+ PJN NJ2N )N-LGNJxKN2PN ZJ2,+*M*2L PN- #0JJ++ N-FLGJxK+N2 [JN LN2z*N-N "2+N- ,*xK*2L PN- #JN-N z*, PJN,N2 zH*+N2 #0JJ++,+N,+, N-y-zxK+N Z-HN22+2J,,N KJ2,JxK+ GJxK PN- J-H*2L,FNxKz2J,FN2 *2P PN- N,,*2L PN- CNFF*2L PJN,N- Z2FN FL GJxK >zx@J2+0,K N+ zG ppt [JN,N, yJ0xKNFJ,xKN #N,+)N-MzK-N2 N-FLGJxK+ N-,+N )N-LGNJxKN2PN ZJ2,xK+*2LN2 PN- +0J,xKN2 J-H*2L NJ2N- "2+N-,*xK*2L,/-0yN z*M F0GNH*Gz-N- ZyN2N ]NJ !N-LJM+*2L,MGGN2 *2P J2 #JN-)N-,*xKN2 Kz+ ,JxK NJ2N ,+z-HN GNyN-,xKPJLN2PN J-H*2L PN- >Jx-0x,+J2N LNNJL+ "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 z2 NGGH*G+*-N2 yN,++JLN2 NJ2N ,NGNH+J)N $xKPJL*2L )02 M-J,xK J,0GJN-+N2 ?NyN-NGGN2 ^*2N N+ zG pp ^2PN-N NGGH*G+*-N2 )N-,xKJNPN2N- CN-H*2M+ yGNJyN2 *2yNNJ2V*,,+ 0y(0KG PN- F0GNH*Gz-N J-HFNxKz2J,F*, PN, #0J2, J2 zGGN2 NGGN2 LGNJxK J,+ ^G, "-,zxKN PN- ,NGNH+J)N2 $xKPJL*2L PN- ?NyN-NGGN2 *2P PzFJ+ z*xK PN- ?NyN- JF DN,zF+0-Lz2J,F*, J,+ PN-N2 ^*,,+z++*2L FJ+ NJ2NF $,+NF *F zH+J)N2 #-z2,/0-+ )02 DzGGN2,*-N2 2zxK LN(JN,N2 (0-PN2 ~yN- PJN,N, #-z2,/0-+,,+NF M- DzGGN2,*-N2 H22N2 z*xK E-NFP,+0dN (JN >Jx-0x,+J2N zH+J) J2 PJN ?NyN-NGGN2 +-z2,/0-+JN-+ (N-PN2 *2P ,0 PJN ]z--JN-N PN- NGGFNFy-z2 yN-(J2PN2 PJN yNJ z2PN-N2 NGGN2 Pz, ZJ2P-J2LN2 PN- $*y,+z2 N-,xK(N-N2 %*22NLz- N+ zG pp [JN "2+N-,*xK*2L )02 xz20yzH+N-JN2KzG+JLN2 '-0yN2 z2 M-J,xK J,0GJN-+N2 ?NyN- NGGN2 LN,+z++N+ z2 Cz2P PN- N-FJ++NG+N2 ?\t N-+N @02N2+-z+J02 PJN t; PN?NyN-NGGN2 *F ^y,+N-yN2 y-J2L+ NJ2N ]N(N-+*2L PN- z*M >Jx-0x,+J2N *-xH *MK-N2PN2 #0JJ++ CNJ2N pps *2P N-FLGJxK+ PJN >J2JFJN-*2L )02 #JN- )N-,*xKN2 *- zH*+N2 #0JJ++ >J+ PJN,NF #N,+ z2 ?NyN-NGGN2 (J-P PJN J-H*2L zGGN- >Jx-0x,+J2)z-Jz2+N2 NJ2N- "2+N-,*xK*2L,/-0yN J2 JK-N2 NxK,NG(J-H*2LN2 N-Mz,,+ ^GGN-PJ2L, J,+ Pz, !0-H0FFN2 (NJ+N-N- 20xK *2yNHz22+N- zyN- KN/z+0+0 J,xK (J-H,zFN- $+0dN J2 PN- "2+N-,*xK*2L,/-0yN 2JxK+ z*,LN,xKG0,,N2 BF EzGGN PN- >Jx-0x,+J2N H22N2 P*-xK PN2 !N-LGNJxK PN- J-H*2L PJN yNHz22+N-FzN2 )02 PN- FJ++NG, xKNFJ,xKN- ^2zG,N 2zxKLN(JN,N2N2 >Jx-0x,+J2H02N2+-z+J02 )N- *-,zxK+ (-PN FJ+ PN2 +z+,xKGJxKN2 ]NM*2PN2 PN- "2+N-,*xK*2L,/-0yN LLM CJ2 (NJ,N z*M z2PN-N 20xK *2yNHz22+N +0J,xKN $+0dN N-KzG+N2 (N-PN2 E- PJN ZJ2,xK+*2L NJ2N, LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 %J,JH0, *2P PJN ^yGNJ+*2L LN,*2P KNJ+GJxKN- ?NJ+(N-+N M- #-J2H *2P ]zPN(z,,N- Hz22 zGGN-PJ2L, z*M PJN [z+N2 PJN z*, #JN-)N-,*xKN2 LN(022N2 (N-PN2 2JxK+ )N-JxK+N+ (N-PN2 [JN J2 NJ2NF PNX 2JN-+N2 !N-,*xK,z2,z+ NJ2N, #JN-)N-,*xKN, z*, NJ2N- [0,J, J-H*2L]NJNK*2L N- FJ++NG+N KxK,+N [0,J, NJ2N, $+0dN, 0K2N ZdNH+ (J-P zG, =N2,xKN2 * N-(z-+N2 J,+ ]NJ PN2 +JN-N/N-JFN2+NGGN2 "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 FJ+ >Jx-0x,+J2N2 yN,+NK+ PJN $xK(JN-JLHNJ+ Pz-J2 Pz,, PJN !N-yJ2P*2LN2 J2 zKG-NJxKN2 $+-*H+*-)z-Jz2+N2 )0- H0FFN2 *2P N-,+ J2 I2L,+N- NJ+ )02 NJ2JLN2 PJN,N- $+-*H+*-)z-Jz2+N2 PJN %NJ2 ,*y,+z2N2 J2 PN2 M- NJ2N2 #JN-)N-,*xK z*,-NJxKN2PN2 >N2LN2 )0-GJNLN2 Z-,+N ZF/MNKG*2LN2 M- LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN ?NJ+(N-+N CJx-0 x,+J2)z-Jz2+N >Jx-0x,+J2?% +LGJxK NJ2FzG /N- $02PN z2 >*,N )N-zy-NJxK+ (*- PN >J+ PN2 J2 PJN,N2 !N-,*xKN2 N-FJ++NG+N2 =Jx-0x,+J2?% z2 %z++N2 )N-zy-NJxK+ CNJ2N ppp ]NL-2PN+ J,+ PJN,N- #JN-)N-,*xK P*-xK PJN DNMzK- NJ2N0-zGN2 ^*M2zKFN )02 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 PJN z*N- J2 H02+zFJ2JN-+N2 ]zPNLN(,,N-2 z*xK yNJ PN- DN(J22*2L )02 #-J2H(z,,N- z*, N,,*2L zGGN- >Jx-0x,+J2N NJ2N- '-0yNn
J-HFNxKz 2J,FN2
B2)J+-0"2+N-,*xK*2LN2=zxK(NJ, PN- J-H*2LN2 z*M yJ0G0LJ,xKN $,+NFNn ]J0xKNFJ,xKN "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 *- CNFF*2L PN- '-0+NJ2'K0,/Kz+z,N2 *2P w^=zxK(NJ, PN- J-H*2L )02 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 z*M F0GNH*Gz-N- ZyN2Nn #N,+*2L z2 /-JF-N2 CN/z+0+N2=zxK(NJ, PN- J-H*2L )02 >Jx-0x,+J2N2 *2P z2PN-N- KN/z+0+0J,xKN- $+0dN z*M NGG*G-N- ZyN2Nn
DNMK-P*2L, /0+N2JzG
B2)J)0"2+N-,*xK*2LN2 #JN-)N-,*xKN"2+N-,*xK*2LN2 JF J2+zH+N2 *+z+J02N2 *2P )N-2PN-+N DN2N/-N,,J02N2 zG/KzEN+0/-0+NJ2 ^G, yN,02PN-, LNNJL2N+ JF CJ2yGJxH z*M J-H*2LN2 (N-PN2 >N+K0PN2 z2LN,NKN2 yNJ PN2N2 '-0+NJ2 0PN- [=^^PP*H+N LNFN,,N2 (N-PN2 'KJGGJ/, N+ zG wn Cz2,N2 N+ zG wp $JN ,J2P zG, $+0dz*,,zLN ,/NJX,xK *2P JF $J22N PN- ]N(N-+*2L PN- ^*,(J-H*2L z*M PN2 yN+-0dN2N2 N,,*2LN2 GJNMN-2 CJ2(NJ,N z*M CJ2+N-L-*2P,N/0,J+J02N2 *2P >NK-MzxKyN Gz,+*2LN2n PJN yJ0G0LJ,xK (J-H,zFN [0,J, (J-P yN,+JFF+n PJN +z+,xKGJxK )0-H0FFN2PN2 2JNP-JLN2 Z/0,J+J02N2 (N-PN2 LNFN,,N2n PJN -NGN)z2+N $/NJN, (J-P *2+N-,*xK+ *2P PJN !z-JzyJGJ++ PN- JNG,+-*H+*- 0PN- PN, #z-LN+, (J-P yN-xH,JxK+JL+ *- Z-Mz,,*2L PN- *2N-(2,xK+N2 J-H*2LN277 0PN- z*xK 2N*z-+JLN2 J-H*2LN277 ,+NKN2 PJN !N-MzK-N2 *F =zxK(NJ, NJ2N- DN2+0JJ++ NJ2N- BFF*2+0JJ++ 0PNNJ2N- N2P0H-J2N2 J-H*2L *- !N-ML*2L [z2NyN2 Kz+ ,JxK PN- EJ,xKNJ#N,+ PN*2xK,+ zG, Z-,z+ M- PN2 D0GP0-MN2#N,+ H02J/JN-+ (*-PN * NJ2NF #N,+ *>N,,*2L NJ2N- *2N-(2,xK+N2 J-H*2L77 N+zyGJN-+ 2FGJxK PN- %N/-0P*H+J02,+0 JJ++ *- ]N(N-+*2L PJN,N- J-H*2LN2 ,J2P 2NyN2 PN- "2+N-,*xK*2L PN- z, ,N-Fz+-J z*xK ]N,+JFF*2LN2 PN- 0-Lz2J,FJ,xKN2 $+-*H+*-N2 N-M0-PN-GJxK
ss
q #0JH0G0LJN
nts EJ,uKNJ#N,+ ]NJF EJ,xKNJ#N,+ (N-PN2 2JxK+ EJ,xKN zG, Dz2+JN-N ,02PN-2 2*- PJN ZJN- J2 PJN,NF EzGG PN, Ny-zy-yGJ2L, [z2J0 -N-J0 CzFJG+02]*xKz2z2 zG, #N,+,,+NF )N-(N2 PN+ [JN Z2+(JxHG*2L PN- yNM-*xK+N+N2 EJ,xKNJN- Hz22 P*-xK z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN *2P "F(NG+NJ2V,,N yNNJ2+-xK+JL+ (N-PN2 ^G, $xKPJL*2L LNG+N2 PN- #0P PN- ZFy -02N2 ,0(JN PNX2JN-+N $+-*2LN2 PN- ZFy-02zGN2+(JxHG*2L PJN GN++GJxK NyN2MzGG, *F #0P MK-N2 [B= vqut#s ?N+zGN J-H*2L KzyN2 H0zL*GJN-+N @NJFN MNKGN2PN ^2GzLN PN- $0FJ+N2 0PN- PJN MNKGN2PN ^yG,*2L PN, $xK(z2N, NJ+N-MK-N2PN "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 KzyN2 LNNJL+ Pz,, ZFy-02N2 FJ+ PN-z-+JLN2 ENKGN2+(JxHG*2LN2 2JxK+ ,xKG/MN2 ZJ2 ZFy-0 LJG+ ,0 LNF [B= vqut#s 2zxK uq K zG, +0+ (N22 N- N2+(NPN- H0zL*GJN-+ J,+ HNJ2N $0FJ+N2 z2LNGNL+ Kz+ 0PN- PN- $xK(z2 2JxK+ )0F [0++N- zyLNG,+ J,+
ntr DN2+0JJ++ *- >N,,*2L PN- DN2+0JJ++ J2 B2PJHz+0-+N,+, *- EN,+,+NGG*2L NJ2N- *2N-(2,xK +N2 J-H*2L77 (N-PN2 ,0 LN2z22+N D!< LN2+NxK2J,xK )N-2PN-+N *+zLN2N,N PJ-NH+ yN+NJGJL+ J2PNF N, PN2 ZJ2yz* MzG,xKN- ]z,N2 yNJ PN- [=^=N* ,2+KN,N N-FLGJxK+ [JN B2P*H+J02 PN, DN2, J,+ ,0FJ+ NJ2 >z M- Pz, LN2+0J,xKN N-yL*+)N-2PN-2PN '0+N2JzG PN, *2+N-,*xK+N2 #N,+L*+, NJ2N- z,,N- y( ^y recAOperon recA-Gen
umuCOperon lacZ-Gen
lexA-Gen
Repressor
Repressor
recA-Protein
Inaktivierung der Repressoren
β-Galaktosidase Protease DNA-Schaden
^yy qr '-J2J/ PN, *F*#N,+, [B= vqut#v FJ+ $zGF02NGGz #/KJF*-J*F #^tvt /$@w
qw "2N-(2,xK+N J-H*2LN2
sr
#zyNGGN qw >N+K0PJ,xKN ~yN-,JxK+ PN, [=^^*M(J2P*2L,+N,+N, DN(NyNC0F0LN2J,z+J02 y( NGG,*,/N2PJN-*2L zGHzGJ,xKN ?,N ^*M(J2P*2L =N*+-zGJ,z+J02 CP-0Gz/z+J+]z+xK77ZG*+J02 V*0-0FN+-J,xKN >N,,*2L )02 [=^ZJ2NG,+-2LN2
V*0-0FN+-J,xKN >N,,*2L )02 [=^[0//NG,+-2LN2
(z,,N- 0PN- $xKGzFF 0PN- $NPJFN2+/-0yN [z Pz, *F*\DN2 JF )N-(N2PN+N2 #N,+0-Lz2J,F*, FJ+ PNF GzxDN2 M- PJN @DzGzH+0,JPz,N LNH0//NG+ J,+ (J-P PJN >N,,*2L PN- B2P*H+J02,-z+N PN, *F*\DN2, P*-xK PJN ]N,+JFF*2L PN- @DzGzH +0,JPz,N^H+J)J++ %N/0-+N-DN2E*2H+J02 FLGJxK BF EzGGN NJ2N, [=^$xKz PN2, (J-P NJ2N '-0+Nz,N zH+J)JN-+ PN- %N/-N,,0- J2zH+J)JN-+ *2P PJN LN2+0J,xKN J- H*2L y( PN- [=^$xKzPN2 yN- PJN ^H+J)J++ PN- @DzGzH+0,JPz,N LNFN,,N2 'z-zGGNG *- DN2+0JJ++ F*,, (J2LN2P IN(NJG, PJN +0+0J,xKN J-H*2L PN, #N,+L*+, ] J2 E0-F NJ2N- zxK,+*F,KNFF*2L PN- ]zH+N-JN2 yN,+JFF+ (N-PN2 Pz ,02,+ PN- Z2P/*2H+ DN2+0JJ++ 2JxK+ NJ2PN*+JL yN(N-+N+ (N-PN2 Hz22 >J+ PNF *F*#N,+ J,+ NJ2N ^*,,zLN KJ2,JxK+GJxK DN2+0JJ++ /-JF-N [=^$xKPN2 zyN- 2JxK+ KJ2,JxK+GJxK NJ2N- >*+zLN2J++ FLGJxK [N- *F*#N,+ GJNL+ zG, [B= vqut #v *2P zG, J2+N-2z+J02zGN- B$JH-0+J+N-/Gz++N PJN V*0-N,N2,G*FJ2N,N2 Fz-HJN-+N2 ]zH+N-JN2 CNMNNGGN2 0PN- ?z+N'z-+JHNG /KzL0+JN-+ (N-PN2 =zxK PN- Z2+MN- 2*2L PN- CF0GF/KN (N-PN2 PJN 2JxK+ /KzL0+JN-+N2 ]zH+N-JN2 0PN- CNMN2 z*, LN(z,xKN2 0PN- P*-xK #-/z2yGz*G,*2L LN.*N2xK+ [N- yN,,N-N !N-,*xK,z2,z+ J,+ Pz,, PJN EG*0-N,N2 2*- 2zxK N-M0GL+N- 'KzL0+0,N J2 PN- NGGN N2+,+NK+ [JN CF0+N2zKG (J-P 2NyN2 PN- 'KzL0+0,N *- ]N(N-+*2L PN, BFF*2zy(NK- ,,+NF, PN- >*,xKNG FJ+ KJ2*LN0LN2 [JN EG*0-N,N2?*FJ2N,N2 J2 PN2 /Kz L0+JN-N2PN2 CF0+N2 (J-P LNFN,,N2 *2P zG, 'KzL0+0,NJ2PN 'B yN,+JFF+ "2FJ++NGyz- )0- 0PN- 2zxK PN- V*0-N,N2/K0+0FN+-J,xKN2 ]N,+JFF*2L PN- 'Kz L0+0,NzH+J)J++ F*,, J2 PN2 LGNJxKN2 '-0yN2 z*M PN- LGNJxKN2 'Gz++N PN- '-0+N J2LNKzG+ PN- CF0+N2 yN,+JFF+ (N-PN2 ^G, -NGz+J)N EG*0-N,N2NJ2KNJ+ %EZn N2LGJ,xK %E" (J-P PN- Z+J2H+J02,(N-+ PN- /KzL0+JN-+N2 ]zH+N-JN2 0PN- CNMN2 PNX2JN-+ PJN )02 PN2 CF0+N2 J2 FG !0G*FN2 PN- CF0GF/KN /KzL0+JN-+ (N-PN2 [z, '-0yN)0G*FN2 !'-0yN z*M Pz, ,JxK PJN %EZ yNJNK+ F*,, PzKN- J2 FG z2LNLNyN2 (N-PN2 ] FG M-
qw "2N-(2,xK+N J-H*2LN2
s
KG [JN @02+-0GG/-0yN N2+KG+ 2*- ]zH+N-JN2 0PN- CNMNNGGN2 J2 KG '*dN- 0K2N CF0GF/KN %EZ f Z'-0yN g Z@02+-0GGN!'-0yN
qu
[N- 'KzL0+0,NB2PN 'B J,+ Pz, !N-KG+2J, PN- -NGz+J)N2 EG*0-N,N2NJ2KNJ+ *F '-0+NJ2LNKzG+ PN- CF0+N2 x'-0+NJ2 J2 FLFG (J-P zG,0 z*M FG CF0GF/KN yN0LN2 'B f %EZx'-0+NJ2
qt
ntp X2P0H-J2N J-H*2LN2 ntp [NPN*+*2L *2P EwGG,+*PJN ZJ2N (NJ+N-N *2N-(2,xK+N J-H*2L77 J,+ PJN J-H*2L )02 $+0dN2 0PN- $+0dL-*/ /N2 z*M Pz, C0-F02,,+NF PN- z.*z+J,xKN2 LGJxKHNJ+ PN- ~yN-,xK-NJ+*2L NJ2N, D-N2(N-+N, yNL-N2+ L-N2+ NJ2 (J2L+ * Cz2PG*2LN2 * >z2zKFN2 PJN H0,+,/JNGJL ,NJ2 H22N2 ZJ2 D-N2(N-+ J,+ PN,KzGy JFFN- NJ2 zKGN2(N-+ PN- * NJ2NF z2zG+J,xKN2 ]NM*2P PN- ,NJ2N-,NJ+, PN- +z+,xKGJxKN2 @02 N2+-z+J02 ,0 2zKN (JN FLGJxK H0FFN2 F*,, J2 ]NJNK*2L * ,N+N2 J,+ ZJ2 D-N2(N-+ J,+ zyN- 2JxK+ 2*- NJ2 z2zG+J,xK -N/-0P*JN-yz-N- ,02PN-2 z*xK NJ2 zJ0G0LJ,xKN- zKGN2(N-+ ] NJ2 N-+ M- PN2 $xK*+ PN- DN,*2PKNJ+ 0PN*F yN,+JFF+N Cz2PG*2LN2 * N-FLGJxKN2 EzGHN2yN-L pps ^G, ,0GxKN- *2+N-GJNL+ N- LN(J,,N2 !N-MzGG,Pz+N2 0PN- -NLJ02zG/0GJ+J,xKN2 ]N,02PN-KNJ+N2o [N- D-N2(N-+ M- EG*0-JP N-FLGJxK+ PN2 *,z+ )02 =z+-J*FV*0-JP yJ, *- CKN PN, LN,*2P KNJ+GJxK 20xK [*GPyz-N2 [N- KN*+JLN D-N2(N-+ M- ]GNJ J,+ 2JxK+ LGNJxK PNF D-N2 (N-+ )0- AzK-N2 [NF*M0GLN Hz22 NJ2 D-N2(N-+ *2P PJN P*-xK JK2 LNHN22 NJxK2N+N D-N2N 2JxK+ (J,,N2,xKzM+GJxK zyLNGNJ+N+ 0PN- yN,xK-JNyN2 ,02PN-2 F*,, J2 NJ2NF /z-GzFN2+z-J,xKPNF0H-z+J,xKN2 '-0N,, MN,+LN,N++ (N-PN2 Z, J,+ zGGN- PJ2L, ,NK- NF/MNKGN2,(N-+ J2 PJN,NF '-0N,, (J,,N2,xKzM+GJxKN Z-HN22+2J,,N * yN -xH,JxK+JLN2 J2,yN,02PN-N *F $xK*+ PN- DN,*2PKNJ+ PN- "F(NG+ 0PN- +NxK2J ,xKN- ZJ2-JxK+*2LN2 BK-N )0GG,+2PJLN ]N-xH,JxK+JL*2L J,+ zyN- 2JxK+ (J2LN2P [JN+N- *2P D-0KFz22 ppt [zLNLN2 H22N2 LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN ?NJ+(N-+N FJ+ (J,,N2,xKzM+GJxKN2 >N+K0PN2 z*, +0JH0G0LJ,xKN2 [z+N2 zyLNGNJ+N+ (N-PN2 (z- J,+ NJ2N ZJ2V*,,2zKFN PN- '0GJ+JH 2JxK+ )GGJL z*,*,xKGJNN2 P0xK JF %zKFN2 PN- "2zyK2LJLHNJ+ PN- J,,N2,xKzM+ )02 PN- '0GJ+JH P0xK ,NK- yNL-N2+ DN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN ?NJ+(N-+N M- #-J2H(z,,N- F,,N2 ] z*xK NJ2N LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN "2yNPN2HGJxKHNJ+ yNJ GNyN2,Gz2LNF DN2*,, NJ2N, z,,N-, FJ+ NJ2NF yN,+JFF+N2 $+0d z*M PN2 ,JxK PN- ?NJ+(N-+ yNJNK+ (JPN-,/JNLNG2 *,+GJxK ,J2P INP0xK z*xK ?NJ+(N-+N N-M0-PN-GJxK *F ] yNJ D-N2(N-+yN-,xK-NJ+*2LN2 PJN #-J2H(z,,N-)N- ,0-L*2L 2JxK+ *2+N-y-NxKN2 * F,,N2 $JN yNJNKN2 ,JxK z*M H-N-N Z/0,J+J02N2 FNJ,+ AzK-N *2P JK-N ~yN-,xK-NJ+*2L (-N LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK FJ+ KJ2-NJxKN2PN zK-,xKNJ2GJxKHNJ+ 2JxK+ FNK- *2yNPN2HGJxK J-P PJN [z*N- PN- Z/0,J+J02 z*M PJN ,JxK NJ2 ?NJ+(N-+ yNJNK+ N-KNyGJxK yN- ,xK-J++N2 ,0 J,+ NJ2 ,0GxKN- ?NJ+(N-+ JPN2+J,xK FJ+ NJ2NF DNMzK-N2(N-+ $0 J,+ N, ] z2LNFN,,N2 NJ2N2 ?NJ+(N-+ PN- ,JxK z*M t AzK-N Z/0,J+J02 yNJNK+ zG, DN MzK-N2(N-+ * yNNJxK2N2 (N22 PJN Z/0,J+J02 +z+,xKGJxK yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N AzK-N z2LNPz*N-+ KzyN2 ,0GG+N B2 PJN,NF $J22N (J-P yNJ PN- $z2JN-*2L )02 ^G+Gz,+N2 ] yNJ PN- ]0PN2,z2JN-*2L )02 DNMzK-N2(N-+N2 LN,/-0xKN2 0PN- zG, ^2Gz,, *- '- M*2L PN, !0-GJNLN2, NJ2N- +z+,xKGJxKN2 DNMzK- )02 '-M(N-+N2 [JN zK-,xKNJ2GJxKHNJ+ NJ2N- LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 ]NNJ2+-xK+JL*2L P*-xK K0KN @02 N2+-z+J02N2 LNMK-GJxKN- $+0dN JF z,,N- (J-P H*-LNMz,,+ zG, %J,JH0 yNNJxK2N+ ^*, $JxK+ PN- yN(N-+N2PN2 #0JH0G0LJN J,+ NJ2 ,0GxKN, %J,JH0 Pz22 2JxK+, ^2,+JLN, (N22 JKF NJ2 zP.*z+N- =*+N2 LNLN2yN-,+NK+ [JN ^y(L*2L )02 =*+N2 *2P %J,JH0 F*,, JK-N-,NJ+, N2+(NPN- LN,NGG,xKzM+GJxKN ^HN/+z2 LN2JNN2 0PN- /N-,2 GJxK zHN/+JN-+ ,NJ2 ZJ2N2 H*-N2 ~yN-yGJxH yN- PJN ]N2N22*2L )02 CxK,+(N-+N2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN- ]NL-2P*2L z*, $JxK+ PN- J,,N2,xKzM+ NJ2N-,NJ+, *2P PN- '0GJ+JH z2PN-N-,NJ+, X2PN+ ,JxK yNJ [JN+N- wp
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nst =N2,xKN2 NJ2N J-H*2L,,xK(NGGN yN,J++ 0PN- 2JxK+ [JN+N- ppt ]NJ $+0dN2 FJ+ J-H*2L, ,xK(NGGN K2L+ N, )02 PN- [0,J, zy 0y NJ2 $+0d 20xK +0J,xK (J-H+ *2P zy "2+N- ,xK-NJ+*2L (NGxKN- [0,J, N- 2JxK+ FNK- +0J,xK J,+ [JN,N, 'z-zxNG,*, *LN,xK-JNyN2N '-J2J/ (N,(NLN2 J2 PJN,NF *,zFFN2Kz2L FJ+*2+N- z*xK )02 'z-zxNG,*,$+0dN277 LN,/-0xKN2 (J-P LJG+ zyN- 2JxK+ JFFN- Z, LJG+ 2*- ,NK- yNPJ2L+ M- ,+z-H H*F*GJN-N2PN $+0dN (JN ] \zPFJ*F Pz, J2 PN- =JN-N z2LN-NJxKN-+ (J-P *2P FNJ,+ 2JxK+ M- Hz2N-0LN2N *2P F*+zLN2N $+0dN ,JNKN *2+N2 ^*,Lz2L,/*2H+ PN- .*z2+J+z+J)N2 +0JH0G0LJ,xKN2 ]N(N-+*2L )02 $+0dN2 FJ+ J- H*2L,,xK(NGGN yJ, KJ2 *- ^yGNJ+*2L LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN- ?NJ+(N-+N [JN+N- pptn ppp J,+ PJN ]N2N22*2L PN-IN2JLN2 KxK,+N2 [0,J, NJ2N, $+0dN, LP Y HL_ f @-/N-P0,J, zG, $+0d*M*K- /-0 #zL FJ+ ]N*L z*M PJN @-/N-Fz,,N PJN JF "2+N-,*xK*2L,z2,z+ 20xK 2JxK+ yN0yzxK+yz- ,xKPGJxK (J-H+ [JN,N- N/N-JFN2+NGGN 0PN- N/JPNFJ0G0LJ ,xKN =N2,xKN2 yNLGJxK PN- N /N-JFN2+NGG yN0yzxK+N+N2 +0J,xKN2 Z2P/*2H+N *2P PN- * N-(z-+N2PN2 Z/0,J+J02, Pz*N- zF NKN,+N2 )N-LGNJxKyz- ,J2P [N- =NxKz2J,FN2 yNJ ,xK(NGGN2G0,NF J-H FNxKz2J,F*, zyN- JFFN- NJ2 *MzGG,LN,+N*N-+N- '-0N,, *L-*2PN [z, M- NJ2N )0- yN,+JFF+N @-/N-P0,J, N--NxKN2yz-N Hz2N-0LN2N '0+N2JzG G,,+ ,JxK *2+N- PJN,N!0-z*,,N+*2L J2 E0-F NJ2N, P0,J,zyK2LJLN2 zK-,xKNJ2GJxKHNJ+,(N-+N, z*,P- xHN2 Z, Kz2PNG+ ,JxK PzyNJ *F PJN LN,NGG,xKzM+GJxK *2P0PN- /0GJ+J,xK zHN/+JN-+N *,+GJxKN B2JPN2 B J2 ^2zKG @-Ny,N-H-z2H*2LN2 /-0 $+0d *2P )0-LNLNyN2N^2zKG yNGz,+N+N- 'N-,02N2 ] B f gt zG,0 NJ2N Z-H-z2H*2L /-0 r AzK-N2 Z /0,J+J02,NJ+ *2P JPN2+J,xK N/02JN-+N2 'N-,02N2 [JN PJN,N- *,z+J2JPN2 B -NxK2N-J,xK *LN0-P2N+N FNPJzGN @02N2+-z+J02 NJ2N, Hz2N-0LN2N2 $+0dN, 0K2N J-H*2L,,xK(NGGN J,+ P0-+ PN-N2 ?NJ+(N-+ ] JF #-J2H (z,,N- [JN yN-NJ+, J2 PN- ZJ2GNJ+*2L N-(K2+N !N-H2/M*2L (J,xKN2 =*+N2 *2P %J,JH0 Kz+ yNJ Hz2N-0LN2N2 *2P F*+zLN2N2 $+0dN2 0K2N J-H*2L,,xK(NGGN yN,02PN-N, DN(JxK+ %\^%>\^= ppsn "$Z'^ wn CN,,(N-+N z*xK
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yNJ PN*+GJxKN2 D-N2(N-+yN-,xK-NJ+*2LN2 (NJ+ *2+N-KzGy LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN- ?NJ+(N-+N yGNJyN2 (JN yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N FNJ,+N2, yNJF 'N,+JJP'z-zFN+N- E- 'N,+JJPN PJN Pz, %0K *2P #-J2H(z,,N- N--NJxKN2 H22N2 J,+ pqp P*-xK ZF/MNKG*2L PN- #-J2H(z,,N-H0FFJ,,J02 PN, ]*2PN,FJ2J,+N-J*F, M- DN,*2PKNJ+ zF "F(NG+y*2PN,zF+ NJ2 $,+NF PN- ZJ2,+*M*2L J2 +-J2H(z,,N-KLJN2J,xKN ]N(N- +*2L,HGz,,N2 NJ2LNMK-+ (0-PN2 ^*xK yNJ PN-N2 ~yN-,xK-NJ+*2L ,J2P LN,*2PKNJ+ GJxKN ?NJ+(N-+N zG, ]N(N-+*2L,H-J+N-J*F KN-z2*JNKN2 ,JNKN ^y,xK2 u *2P sr [JN N2+,/-NxKN2PN2 >z2zKFN(N-+N PN, "]^ M- #-J2H(z,,N- > # (N-PN2 Gz*MN2P zH+*zGJ,JN-+ *2P ,J2P *,zFFN2 FJ+ PN2 (N,N2+GJxK KKN-N2 -NJ2 +0JH0G0LJ,xK yNL-2PN+N2 CxK,+(N-+N2 PN, ]M% zF =N+,+z2P0-+ PN, ]*2PN,J2 ,+J+*+, M- %J,JH0yN(N-+*2L NJ2,NKyz- (((yM-y*2PPN [0xK 2JxK+ 2*- yNJ 'N,+JJPN2 '$> ,02PN-2 z*xK yNJ zGGN2 z2PN-N2 'z-zFN+N-2 J,+ yNJ )0-yN-LNKN2PN- ~yN-,xK-NJ+*2L LN,N+GJxK MN,+LNGNL+N- D-N2(N-+N * M-zLN2 (JN K0xK PJN LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 N-+N ,J2P =*- ,0 Hz22 Pz, FzJFzGN ^*,Fz PNLN,*2PKNJ+GJxK P*GPyz-N2 ~yN-,xK-NJ+*2L NJ2N, D-N2(N-+N, M- PJN NJ+ PN- JN PN-KN-,+NGG*2L +-J2H(z,,N-KLJN2J,xK NJ2(z2PM-NJN- DN(J22*2L,yNPJ2L*2LN2 yNJ $z2JN-*2L,N2+,xKNJP*2LN2 z2LNFN,,N2 yN-xH,JxK+JL+ (N-PN2 '-zH+J,xKN Z-MzK-*2LN2 *F "FLz2L FJ+ ~yN-,xK-NJ+*2LN2 LN,N+GJxKN- D-N2 (N-+N 0PN- Lz- LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN- ?NJ+(N-+N (*-PN2 2zxK PN- !N-NJ2JL*2L [N*+,xKGz2P, yNJ $z2JN-*2L *2P $JxKN-*2L PN- z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L J2 N2,xK N2+(JxHNG+ (0-PN2 (z- $JN )N-H2/M+ I*-J,+J,xKN *2P +0JH0G0LJ,xKN @-J+N-JN2 M- PN2 KJ2-NJxKN2P (zK-,xKNJ2GJxKN277 ZJ2+-J++ NJ2N- DNMzK- yNJ PN- ~yN-,xK-NJ+*2L ,+0d ,/NJX,xKN- ]0PN2'-M(N-+N77 [JN '-M(N-+N JK-N-,NJ+, ,J2P zG, +JNM,+N PN2Hyz-N zyN- 20xK (J-HGJxKHNJ+,2zKN DNMzK-N2(N-+N77 PNX2JN-+ [JN B'> J,+ ,NJ+ >J++N ppp zG, #NJG PN- /-zH+J,xKN2 "F,N+*2L PN, ]]0P$xKD -NL*Gz+0-J,xK+0JH0G0LJ,xK )N-yJ2P GJxK )LG ]*2PN,z2NJLN- AzK-L t =- sz )0F q A*2J ppp [JN B'> N-(JN, ,JxK FJ+ PN2 20+(N2PJLN2 +-J2H(z,,N-,/NJX,xKN2 NJ+)0-LzyN2 z*xK JF #-J2H(z,,N-yN-NJxK zG, MzxKGJxK +-zLMKJL *2P PN220xK /-zJ,2zK zyN2JxK+ /N-FJ,,J) $JN ,JNK+ J2 ~yN-NJ2,+JFF*2L FJ+ PN- #-J2H(! )02 w )0- PJN J2 H02+zFJ2JN-+N2 ZJ2*L,LNyJN+N2 )02 z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L,z2GzLN2 * N-,+NGGN2PN2 >z2zKFN2/G2N 2zxK NJ+,+*MN2 * LGJNPN-2 ^2PN-, zG, yNJ PN- $z2JN-*2L )02 ^G+Gz,+N2 (J-P JF *,zFFN2Kz2L FJ+ #-J2H(z,,N- zyN- 2JxK+ )02 DNMzK-N2(N-+N2 ,02PN-2 )02 LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 ?NJ+(N-+N2 M- H*-N Z/0,J+J02 LN,/-0xKN2 [JN+N*2P D-0KFz22 wv [JN ZJ2KzG+*2L y( "2+N-,xK-NJ+*2L PJN,N- ?NJ+(N-+N LN(K-GNJ,+N+ LN,*2PKNJ+ GJxKN $JxKN-KNJ+ (K-N2P M0GLN2PN- Z/0,J+J02,Pz*N-2o [N- ? t J,+ PJN LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK P*GPyz-N CxK,+H02N2+-z+J02 (K-N2P $z2JN -*2L,NJ+-*FN2 )02 (N2JLN2 >02z+N2 yJ, * t AzK-N2 [z*N- Z- yN+-L+ IN
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mq !0-w*MvN-NJ+*2L )02 JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 *2P @-z2H KNJ+,N--NLN-2 zG, z*xK PJN Z2+MN-2*2L )02 z20-Lz2J,xKN2 ] $xK(N-FN+zGGN *2P 0-Lz2J,xKN2 !N-yJ2P*2LN2 #J+ CJGMN PN- ?z2L,zF ,z2PXG+-z+J02 Hz22 PzKN- NJ2 yJ0G0LJ,xK ,+zyJGN,77 z,,N- KN-LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2 Pz, )0- ^yLzyN J2 Pz, =N+ 2JxK+ FNK- PN,J2XJN-+ (N-PN2 F*,, )z2 PN- @00JI N+ zG pppn JFFN-Fz22 w 0 PJN KP-0LN0G0LJ,xKN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 PJN, *Gz,,N2 Kz+ ,JxK z2,+NGGN PN- ?z2L ,zF,z2PXG+-z+J02 PJN "MN-XG+-z+J02 ] zF =JNPN--KNJ2 0PN- PJN ]0PN2/z,,zLN FJ+ H2,+GJxKN- D-*2P(z,,N-z2-NJxKN-*2L P*-xKLN,N++ ]N,02PN-, L-0N ]NPN* +*2L Kz+ ,JN ] JF %*K-+zG N-Gz2L+ E-z2H pssn )LG z*xK %JxKN-+ p [JN yNJ PN- "MN-XG+-z+J02 *2P B2XG+-z+J02 (J-HN2PN2 '-0N,,N *2P >NxKz2J,FN2 ,J2P )JNGMG+JL *2P *2+N-GJNLN2 zKG-NJxKN2 LNLN2,NJ+JLN2 ]NNJ2V*,,*2LN2 $JN -NJxKN2 )02 FNxKz2J,xKN- $NPJFN2+z+J02 *2P EJG+-z+J02 yN- xKNFJ,xKN EGG*2L $0-/+J02 *2P B02N2z*,+z*,xK yJ, KJ2 * FJH-0yJNGGNF ^yyz* *2P zyJ0+J,xKN2 ZdNH+N2 [JN,N '-0N,,N PJN (J,xKN2 PN- MN,+N2 *2P V,,JLN2 'Kz,N zyGz*MN2 yN,J+N2 NJ2 N-KNy GJxKN, %NJ2JL*2L,/0+N2+JzG LNLN2yN- $xK(Ny,+0dN2 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 *2P @-z2H KNJ+,N--NLN-2 ,0(JN 0-Lz2J,xKN2 !N-yJ2P*2LN2 *2P (NJ,N2 *PNF NJ2N N-KNyGJxKN '*dN-Hz/zJ++ LNLN2yN- H*-M-J,+JLN2 !N-2PN-*2LN2 PN- ]N,xKzdN2KNJ+ PN- J+ PN2 >N+K0PN2 PN- ]N,+JFF*2L )02 ^2 LNG yNJF %N,,0*-xN2,xK*+ yNJ PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L 0PN- yNJ PN- %0K-2N+/VNLN * H0F/N2,JN-N28 ^GGN-PJ2L, J,+ PN- *,z+ )02 \KG0- 0PN- \KG0-PJ0JP *2N-G,,GJxK (N22 DNMzK- P*-xK @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN- P-0K+ z,,N- (J-P 2JxK+ )N-y-z*xK+ ,02PN-2 LN2*++ [JN FNK-MzxKN =*+*2L )02 z, ,N- y( PN- DN(,,N- J,+ J2 PJxK+ yN,JNPNG+N2 DNyJN+N2 KN*+N ,xK02 *2)N-FNJPGJxK *2P (J-P J2 *H*2M+ NJ2N L-0N CN-z*,M0-PN-*2L M- )JNGN ?2PN- (NG+(NJ+ yNPN*+N2 ZJ2N @02+zFJ2z+J02 PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, F*,, ,0 (NJ+ (JN FLGJxK P*-xK !N-FNJ P*2L,,+-z+NLJN2 yNL-N2+ (N-PN2 [z, (J-P zyN- 2JxK+ z*,-NJxKN2 ^*xK PJN ^y (z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L (J-P JFFN- (NJ+N- * )N-yN,,N-2 ,NJ2 [JN "G+JFz %z+J0 PN- ^y (z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L J,+ Gz2LM-J,+JL PJN %xHKzG+*2L zGGN- $xKzP,+0dN J2 PN2 H0FF* 2zGN2 *2P J2P*,+-JNGGN2 @G-z2GzLN2 ^G, $+0d,N2HN277 KzyN2 ,JN PJN ^*MLzyN PJN ]NGz,+*2L PN- "F(NG+ P*-xK *2)N-FNJPyz-N H02+zFJ2JN-N2PN $+0d.*NGGN277 zGGN^-+ J2 Cz*,KzG+ DN(N-yN *2P B2P*,+-JN * H0F/N2,JN-N2 ^2(N2P*2L )02 $+0dN2 *2P Z2+MN-2yz-HNJ+ J2 PN2 @G-z2GzLN2 F,,N2 z*MNJ2z2PN- zyLN,+JFF+ ,NJ2 PN22 (z, J2 PN2 $+0d,N2HN2 2JxK+ *-xHLNKzG+N2 (N-PN2 Hz22 (J-P ,JxK FJ+ PN- NJ+ ,NJ N, J2 AzK-N2 AzK-NK2+N2 0PN- 20xK G2LN-N2 NJ+-*FN2 2NLz+J) z*M PJN 2z +-GJxKN2 DN(,,N- *2P GN++N2PGJxK z*M PJN #-J2H(z,,N-LN(J22*2L z*,(J-HN2 [JN ^2(N2P*2L )02 2z+*-2zKN2 !N-MzK-N2 (JN ?z2L,zF,z2PXG+-z+J02 0PN- "MN- XG+-z+J02 K*XL J2 @0FyJ2z+J02 FJ+ +NxK2J,xKN2 !N-MzK-N2 yJN+N+ z*xK J2 PJxK+ yN,JNPNG+N2 DNyJN+N2 NJ2N %NJKN )02 !0-+NJGN2 *2P (J-P z*xK z*, D-2PN2 PN- =zxK KzG+JLHNJ+ zG, ,J22)0GG N-zxK+N+ B2 ZJ2NGMGGN2 P K yNJ N+-NFN2 z,,N-FN2LN2 /-0yGNFN2 N-Gz*yN2 PJN -+GJxKN2 DNLNyN2KNJ+N2 HNJ2N z2PN-N ?,*2L zG, PJN #NxK 2JH PN- ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L ,0(NJ+ * )N-yN,,N-2 y( * 0/+JFJN-N2 Pz,, z*, PNF LN-NJ2JL+N2 ^y(z,,N- PJ-NH+ 0PN- J2PJ-NH+ yN- NJ2N ]0PN2/z,,zLN #-J2H(z,,NLN(022N2 (N-PN2 Hz22 $0 ,+++ ,JxK PJN z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L J2 J2PK*H =zFJyJz z*,,xKGJNGJxK z*M NJ2 +NxK2J,xKN, F*G+J/GN, ]z--JN-N2,,+NF *F JF @-NJ,Gz*M #-J2H (z,,N- / ^y(z,,N- / ^y(z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L / #-J2H(z,,N- yN-Kz*/+ z,,N- MPJN ]N)GHN-*2L *- !N-ML*2L ,+NGGN2 * H22N2 [JN JNPN-)N-(N2P*2L )02 ^y (z,,N- (J-P PN-NJ+ (NG+(NJ+ J2+N2,J) *2+N-,*xK+ *F *H2M+JL z*xK FJ+ z*MyN-NJ +N+NF ^y(z,,N- PN2 *2NKFN2PN2 z,,N-yNPz-M * PNxHN2 B2 DNyJN+N2 FJ+ LN FJL+NF @GJFz *2P z*,-NJxKN2PN2 z,,N--N,,0*-xN2 J,+ yNJ PN- =*+*2L )02 J+ PNF DN,N+ *- =N*-NLNG*2L PN, z, ,N--NxK+N, )0F v A*GJ wp J,+ PJN yJ,KN-JLN %zKFN2H0F/N+N2 PN, ]*2PN, JF ]N -NJxK PN, z,,N--NxK+N, P*-xK NJ2N !0GG-NLNG*2L N-,N++ (0-PN2 %NLNG*2LN2 PN z,,N-LN,N+N PN- ?2PN- (*-PN2 J2KzG+GJxK J2 Pz, 2N*N z,,N-Kz*,KzG+,LN,N+ yN- 20FFN2 [zyNJ N-Lzy ,JxK NJ2N (N,N2+GJxKN $+-zd*2L *2P yN,,N-N ~yN-,JxK+GJxKHNJ+ [JN z,,N-LN,N+N PN- ]*2PN,G2PN- F,,N2 N2+,/-NxKN2P LN2PN-+ (N-PN2 [z, 2N*N z,,N-LN,N+ 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suq
p $JxKN-KNJ+ *2P $xK*+ )0- @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN-2 P*-xK NJ2 F*G+J/GN, ]z--JN-N2,,+NF
DN(,,N-,xK*+ Pz-M ,JxK zG,0 2JxK+ z*M PJN =*+*2L,z2,/-xKN PN, >N2,xKN2 yN ,xK-2HN2 $xK02 PJN %z*F/Gz2*2L *2P PJN H02H-N+J,JN-N2PN ]z*GNJ+/Gz2*2L F,,N2 z*M Pz, ,+z2P0-+LNy*2PN2N z,,N- LN-zPN zG, (JxK+JLN ?NyN2,L-*2PGzLN M- PJN H2M +JLN2 ]z*LNyJN+N %xH,JxK+ 2NKFN2 ^*xK PN,KzGy (N-PN2 yN-NJ+, J2 PN2 %z*F 0-P2*2L,/G2N2 J2,yN,02PN-N J2 PN2 DNyJN+,N2+(JxHG*2L,/G2N2 !0--z2LLNyJN+N M- PJN z,,N-(J-+,xKzM+ y( DNyJN+N *F $xK*+ PN- DN(,,N- z*,LN(JN,N2 J2 PN2N2 ] HNJ2N ^yMzGGPN/02JN2 B2P*,+-JN ^2GzLN2 FJ+ N-KK+NF ]N+-JNy,-J,JH0 PJN ^*,(J-H*2LN2 z*M DN(,,N- KzyN2 H22+N2 zyN- NyN2 z*xK HNJ2N ]z*LNyJN+N )0-*,NKN2 ,J2P ^*xK PJN z,,N--zKFN2-JxK+GJ2JN wsZD JNG+ z*M NJ2N (NJ +N-N !N-yN,,N-*2L PN- DN(,,N- KJ2
mtt EGuKN2PNuHN2PN- DN(,,N-,uK*+ EGxKN2PNxHN2PN- DN(,,N-,xK*+ zG,0 NJ2 DN(,,N-,xK*+ PN- 2JxK+ -*FGJxK yN,xK-2H+ J,+ J,+ * z 20+(N2PJL (NJG zGGN DN(,,N- ]N,+z2P+NJG PN, =z+*-Kz*, KzG+N, ,J2P *2P NJ2N (JxK+JLN E*2H+J02 JF H0,,+NF KzyN2 ^.*z+J,xKN ?NyN2, LNFNJ2,xKzM+N2 -NzLJN-N2 NF/X2PGJxK z*M .*zGJ+z+J)N *2P .*z2+J+z+J)N DN(,,N-yN Gz,+*2LN2 ^*, H0G0LJ,xKN- $JxK+ ,J2P PzKN- PJN ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 z2 PN2 DN(, ,N-,xK*+ 0M+ KKN- zyN- z*xK ,xK(JN-JLN- PNX2JN-yz- zG, M- PJN #-J2H(z,,N- )N-,0-L*2L ZJ2 z*, H0G0LJ,xKN2 D-2PN2 yN+-JNyN2N- DN(,,N-,xK*+ H0FF+ J2 INPNF EzGG z*xK PN- #-J2H(z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L *L*+N zKG-NJxKN ZJ2NGLN(J22*2LN2 ]-*22N2 *2P &*NGGN2 PJN 2JxK+ P*-xK yN,02PN-N z,,N-,xK*+LNyJN+N LN,xK++ (N-PN2 H22N2 (N-PN2 *- #-J2H(z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L )N-(N2PN+ ZJ2FzG )N-*2-NJ2JL +N, D-*2P(z,,N- Hz22 (N22 yN-Kz*/+ 2*- FJ+ ,NK- K0KNF ^*M(z2P ,z2JN-+ (N-PN2 D-*2P(z,,N- *2P J++NG PN- zKG ?N++GJxK (J,,N2 (J- KN*+N 2JxK+ (0 *2P (JN ,/+N-N DN2N-z+J02N2 JK#-J2H(z,,N- LN(J22N2 (0GGN2 D-*2PGzLN zGGN2 DN(,,N-,xK*+N, J,+ zG,0 PN- zGGLNFNJ2N VxKN2KzM+N D-*2P (z,,N-,xK*+ ^GGLNFNJ2N- DN(,,N-,xK*+ +-L+ J2 yN,xK-2H+NF "FMz2L yNJ LGNJ xKNF "F(NG+JNG z*xK PN2 IN(NJGJLN2 -+GJxKN2 ]0PN2)N-KG+2J,,N2 %NxK2*2L $0 J,+ ] J2 @z-,+LNyJN+N2 FJ+ LN-J2LFxK+JLN- ]0PN2z*VzLN Pz, D-*2P(z,,N- (N ,N2+GJxK ,+-HN- LNMK-PN+ zG, J2 ?0xHN-LN,+NJ2,LNyJN+N2 FJ+ FxK+JLN2 ?z*VzLN2 [NFN2+,/-NxKN2P ,J2P J2 @z-,+LNyJN+N2 z*xK PJN LN2N-NGGN2 L-*2P(z,,N-,xK+N2 PN2 ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 ,+-N2LN- zG, J2 ?0xHN-LN,+NJ2,LNyJN+N2 (NJG FNJ,+ HNJ2N NJ+ )N-yGNJy+ 2NLz+J)N ^*,(J-H*2LN2 )02 @02+zFJ2z+J02N2 z*M PJN #-J2H(z,,N-LN(J2 2*2L * )N-KJ2PN-2 [JN (JxK+JL,+N2 JNGN PN, VxKN2PNxHN2PN2 DN(,,N-,xK*+N, J2,yN,02PN-N PN, D-*2P(z,,N-,xK*+N, ,J2Po
Z-KzG+*2L PN- 2z+-GJxKN2 ]N,xKzdN2KNJ+ PN- DN(,,N-n =*+*2L PN- DN(,,N- 2*- yJ, *F Pz*N-KzM+ )N-MLyz-N2 [z-LNy0+n $z2JN-*2L )02 z2+K-0/0LN2 yNGz,+N+N2 DN(,,N-2n !N-FNJP*2L INPN- (NJ+N-N2 ]NGz,+*2L )02 yN-NJ+, )N-*2-NJ2JL+N2 DN(,,N-2 !N- ,xKGNxK+N-*2L,)N-y0+
pw [JN yN,02PN-N ]NPN*+*2L PN, %N,,0*-xN2,xK*+N,
sup
ZJ2N PJ-NH+N 0PN- J2PJ-NH+N =*+*2L NJ2N, DN(,,N-, J,+ Pz-yN- KJ2z*, * )N-,zLN2 (N22 ,02,+ NJ2N ]NNJ2+-xK+JL*2L PN, 0KG, PN- ^GGLNFNJ2KNJ+ * N-(z-+N2 J,+ tt CD ^y(z,,N-z2GzLN2 P-MN2 2*- 2zxK PN2 zGGLNFNJ2 z2N-Hz22+N2 %NLNG2 PN#NxK2JH N--JxK+N+ yN+-JNyN2 *2P *2+N-KzG+N2 (N-PN2 CD s DN(,,N-,xK*+ (J-P *2+N- z2PN-NF N--NJxK+ P*-xKo Z-KzG+*2L PN- Pz, D-*2P(z,,N- yN-PNxHN2PN2 *2P -NJ2JLN2PN2 $xKJxK+N2 J2, yN,02PN-N J2 JK-N- E*2H+J02 *F ^yyz* "Fyz* *2P %xHKzG+ )02 $xKzP,+0dN2n -NP*2Pz2+N $JxKN-*2L,,,+NFN yNJ ^2GzLN2 *F "FLz2L FJ+ (z,,N-LNMK-PN2PN2 $+0dN2 ,JNKN ^y,xK2 pwvn EGxKN22*+*2L PJN PJN !N-,JxHN-*2L,MKJLHNJ+ PN, ]0PN2, N-KG+n *F(NG+)N-+-LGJxKN ?z2PyN(J-+,xKzM+*2Ln KJN- J,+ MzxKLN-NxK+N ^*,y-J2L*2L )02 [2LN *2P 'Vz2N2,xK*+FJ++NG2 *2zyPJ2Lyz- PzFJ+ ,JN (NPN- J2 Pz, D-*2P (z,,N- )N-,JxHN-277 20xK FJ+ PNF =JNPN-,xKGzL J2 J 2N-zGGN *2P >J2N-zGG/-0P*H+N ,02PN-2 *2NKFN2P z*xK \KNFJHzGJN2 *2xK,+ ,0GG+N LN2N-NGG )N-,*xK+ (N-PN2 (N2JLN- (z,,N-LNMK-PN2PN $+0dN NJ2*,N+N2 [JN, J,+ zGGN-PJ2L, 2JxK+ JFFN- FLGJxK ^2GzLN2 *F "FLz2L FJ+ (z,,N-LNMK-PN2PN2 $+0dN2 F,,N2 ,0 yN,xKzdN2 ,NJ2 *2P ,0 yN+-JNyN2 (N-PN2 Pz,, NJ2N !N-*2-NJ2JL*2L PN- DN(,,N- 0PN- NJ2N ,02,+JLN 2zxK+NJGJLN !N-2PN-*2L ,NJ2N- ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 2JxK+ * yN,0-LN2 J,+ E- INPN2 ZJ2NGMzGG M- zGGN ^,/NH+N yNJ ?zLN-*2L #-z2,/0-+ *2P "FLz2L FJ+ (z,,N-LNMK-PN2PN2 $+0dN2 FLGJxK,+ z*xK *2+N- ZJ2yNJNK*2L )02 $+-MzGGFz2zLNFN2+ F,,N2 LN,02PN-+N ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 N-z-yNJ+N+ (N-PN2 @02 H-N+J,JN-+ (N-PN2 PJN,N ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxK,+N- ^-+ P*-xK %NxK+,)N-0-P 2*2LN2 PN- ?2PN- ?z2PN,)N-0-P2*2LN2 yN- PN2 "FLz2L FJ+ (z,,N-LNMK-PN2 PN2 $+0dN2 !^ $ %NP*2Pz2+N $JxKN-KNJ+,,,+NFN ] ?NxHz2NJLN yNJ P0/ /NG(z2PJLNF ]NKG+N- *2P ^*dz2L,,+NFN FJ+ PN2N2 ,NGy,+ PJN L-+FLGJxK z*, +-N+N2PN $+0dFN2LN z*MLNMz2LN2 (N-PN2 Hz22 ,J2P NJ2 ]NJ,/JNG M- PN-z-+JLN ^2 M0-PN-*2LN2 BF (NJ+N,+N2 $J22N ,J2P JF %zKFN2 PN, z2GzLN2yN0LN2N2 DN(,,N-,xK*+ y( PN, "FLz2L, FJ+ (z,,N-LNMK-PN2PN2 $+0dN2 z*xK !0-LzyN2 M- yz*+NxK2J,xKN >z2zKFN2 z2 $+-zN2 N-M0-PN-GJxK Z2+,/-NxKN2PN %JxK+GJ2JN2 %J$+ zL H02H-N +J,JN-N2 PN2 yN,02PN-N2 DN(,,N-,xK*+ J2 ZJ2*L,LNyJN+N2 PN- J2JFJN-*2L,LNy0+o %J,JHN2 M- PJN FN2,xKGJxKN DN,*2PKNJ+ F,,N2 ,0 LN-J2L (JN FLGJxK LNKzG+N2 (N-PN2 IN(NJG, *2+N- ]N-xH ,JxK+JL*2L PN- "F,+2PN PN, ZJ2NGMzGG, [N- z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L F*,, zyN- DNGN LN2KNJ+ LNLNyN2 (N-PN2 z*M "2MGGN *2P z*xK z*M ,xKGNJxKN2PN !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 z2LNFN,,N2 * -NzLJN-N2 CJN-* *2P *F %N,+-J,JHN2 yN- PN2 VxKN2PNxHN2PN2 DN(,,N-,xK*+ KJ2z*, z*,*,xKGJNN2 0PN- (N2JL,+N2, * FJ2JFJN-N2 H22N2 JF B2+N-N,,N PN- yN,+NKN2PN2 0PN- H2M+JLN2 dN2+GJxKN2 z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L z*M PNF !N-0-P2*2L,(NLN z,,N-,xK*+LNyJN+N MN,+LN,N++ (N-PN2 !0-z*,,N+*2L M- PJN EN,+,N+*2L NJ2N, z,,N-,xK*+LNyJN+N, ,J2P $xK*+(-PJLHNJ+ $xK*+yNP-M+JLHNJ+ *2P $xK*+MKJLHNJ+ D-*2P,+GJxK ,J2P $xK*+(-PJLHNJ+ *2P $xK*+yNP-M+JLHNJ+ JFFN- LNLNyN2 [JN yN,02PN-N JxK+JLHNJ+ PJN,N- %NLNG*2L ,JNK+ Fz2 ,xK02 Pz-z2 Pz,, zGGNJ2 J2 zxK+ DN,N+N2 PJN FJ+ PNF z,,N--NxK+,2N*0-P2*2L,LN,N+ )0F v A* GJ wp 2N* LNMz,,+ (*-PN2 N/GJJ+ z*M PN2 t CD )N-(JN,N2 (J-P [JN %NLNG*2LN2 J2 PN2 NJ2NG2N2 $xK*+LNyJN+,)N-0-P2*2LN2 H22N2 J2 E0-F )02 !N-y0+N2 Cz2PG*2L,/VJxK+N2 *2P DN2NKFJL*2L,/VJxK+N2 N-M0GLN2 [JN -NxK+ GJxKN2 !0-LzyN2 t ^y, CD N-FLGJxKN2 PJN,N, !0-LNKN2 P0xK GJNL+ N, z2 PN2 -+GJxKN2 !N-(zG+*2LN2 JF ZJ2NGMzGG NJ2N2 B2+N-N,,N2z*,LGNJxK yNJ JNGH02VJH +N2 )0-*2NKFN2 *2P PN220xK PJN >LGJxKHNJ+ z,,N-,xK*+LNyJN+N NJ2*-JxK+N2 JF N-M0-PN-GJxKN2 %zKFN2 *F*,N+N2 $xK*+LNyJN+N H22N2 PNF2zxK HNJ2 Z-,z+ M- PN2 20+(N2PJLN2 VxKN2PNxHN2 PN2 DN(,,N-,xK*+ ,NJ2 ,02PN-2 JK2 2*- N-L2N2 [N- VxKN2PNxHN2PN DN(,
pw [JN yN,02PN-N ]NPN*+*2L PN, %N,,0*-xN2,xK*+N,
st
,N-,xK*+ J,+ ,0*,zLN2 ]z,J, M- PN2 yN,02PN-N2 2*+*2L,yN0LN2N2 $xK*+ PN, z,,N-, P*-xK z,,N-,xK*+LNyJN+N [NFN2+,/-NxKN2P LNKN2 PJN P0-+ * +-NdN2PN2 EN,+GNL*2LN2 yN- PJN yN-zGG LNG+N2PN2 %NLNG*2LN2 PN, VxKN2PNxHN2PN2 DN(,,N- ,xK*+N, KJ2z*, Z, J,+ zGGN-PJ2L, 2JxK+ PzFJ+ LN+z2 NJ2N *FMz,,N2PN z,,N-,xK*+LN yJN+,)N-0-P2*2L * N-Gz,,N2 ZyN2,0 (JxK+JL J,+ PJN [*-xK,N+*2L JK-N- %NLNG*2LN2 [JN H02H-N+N2 ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 J2 NJ2N- z,,N-,xK*+LNyJN+,)N-0-P2*2L ,J2P N2+ ,/-NxKN2P PN2 J2 @z/J+NG w yN,xK-JNyN2N2 KP-0LN0G0LJ,xKN2 D-*2P,+N2 * N2+ (JxHNG2 [JN ^-yNJ+,yG++N- PN, [!D *2P w ,+NGGN2 FJ+ JK-N2 ]NFN, ,*2L, *2P [JFN2,J02JN-*2L,L-*2P,+N2 PJN +NxK2J,xKN2 %NLNG2 M- PJN Z-z-yNJ +*2L PN- $xK*+02N2zyL-N2*2LN2 Pz- ,JNKN *2+N2 $JN LNyN2 z*N-PNF (JxK+JLN CJ2(NJ,N M- PJN * +-NdN2PN2 %NLNG*2LN2 J2 z, ,N-,xK*+LNyJN+,)N-0-P2*2LN2 PJN ,JxK JFFN- z*M Pz, J2PJ)JP*NGGN ZJ2*L,LNyJN+ NJ2N- z,,N-LN(J22*2L,z2GzLN yNJNKN2 AN ,+-HN- Pz, ZJ2*L,LNyJN+ NJ2N- z,,N- LN(J22*2L,z2GzLN ]-*22N2 0PN- #zG,/N--N z2PN-(NJ+JL LN2*++ (J-P *2P IN PJxK +N- N, yN,JNPNG+ J,+ *F,0 ,+-HN- J,+ Pz, z,,N-)0-H0FFN2 LNMK-PN+ NLN2 PN*2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 DNMK-P*2L,FLGJxKHNJ+N2 yNJ D-*2P(z,,N-LN(J22*2LN2 *2P #zG,/N--N2 ,J2P PN*+GJxK PJdN-JN-N2PN %NLNG*2LN2 * +-NdN2 D-*2P(z,,N- J,+ PNF ZJ2yGJxH N2+0LN2 ]NGz,+*2LN2 (N-PN2 ,/+ N-Hz22+ ^*xK NJ2N HGNJ2N zyN- ,+N+JLN $+0d*M*K- Hz22 ,JxK *2L2,+JL z*M PJN z,,N-yN,xKzdN2KNJ+ z*,(J-HN2 Pz Pz, %xHKzG+N *2P ^yyz*)N-FLN2 PN, ]0PN2, yzGP yN-M0-PN-+ (J-P !N-,xKF*+*2LN2 y-NJ+N2 ,JxK JF D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- z*, *2P H22N2 J2 +JNMN-N D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N- LNGz2LN2 [zFJ+ ,J2P ,JN NJ2N- $z2JN-*2L 2zKN* N2+0LN2 *2P *FJ2PN,+ )N-yGNJy+ JFFN- NJ2N %N,+yNGz,+*2L #zG,/N--N2 N-M0-PN-2 NJ2N2 20xK ,+-HN-N2 $xK*+ PN, ZJ2*L,LNyJN+, Pz ,JN 20xK (N2JLN- 2z+-GJxK LN,xK++ ,J2P zG, Pz, D-*2P(z,,N- [N- N2+,xKNJPN2PN $+0dNJ2 +-zL LNGz2L+ ,xK2NGG J2 PN2 $+z*,NN ^*xK KJN- H22N2 ,NGy,+ LN-J2LN zyN- Pz*N-KzM+N $xKzP,+0dNJ2+-LN zGGNJ2 ,xK02 P*-xK NJ2N ^2-NJxKN-*2L JF $+z*,NN * 2zxK+NJGJLN2 !N-2PN-*2LN2 PN, z,,N-, MK-N2 >J+ L-N-N- Z2+MN-2*2L /0+N2JNGGN- 2NLz+J)N- ZJ2V,,N )02 PN- z,,N-LN(J2 2*2L,z2GzLN 2JFF+ PJN DNMK-P*2L PN- ^2GzLN zy @-N-N EGJNNJ+N2 yN(J-HN2 #zyNGGN pw $xK*+JNGN *2P %NLNG*2LN2 J22N-KzGy NJ2N, z,,N-,xK*+LNyJN+N, 02N
$xK*+JNG
%NLNG*2L
B
zy,0G*+N- $xK*+
]N+-N+*2L,)N-y0+
BB
FJH-0yJ0G0LJ,xKN-77 $xK*+
!N-y0+ 0PN- ]N,xK-2H*2L zGGN- Cz2PG*2LN2 PJN FJ+ NJ2NyzH+N-J0G0LJ,xKN2/z-z,J+-N2 ]NGz,+*2L )N-y*2PN2 ,NJ2 H22N2 (NGxKN PJN 2zxKM0GLN2PN z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L yNGz,+N+ *2P JK-N E*2H+J02 JF F*G+J/GN2 ]z--JN-N2,,+NF NJ2,xK-2H+
BBB
xKNFJ,xKN-77 $xK*+
!N-y0+ 0PN- ]N,xK-2H*2L yN- PJN ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 PN, VxKN2PNxHN2PN2 D-*2P(z,,N-,xK*+N, KJ2z*, zGGNCz2PG*2LN2 PJN NJ2N xKNFJ,xKN ]NGz,+*2L PN, z,,N-, yN(J-HN2 H22N2 *2P yJ, *- z,,N-LN(J22*2L 2JxK+ yN,NJ+JL+ (N-PN2 H22N2
stw
p $JxKN-KNJ+ *2P $xK*+ )0- @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN-2 P*-xK NJ2 F*G+J/GN, ]z--JN-N2,,+NF
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Vektormaßstab 4000 (mM/m)
Tiefe (µm)
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O2 (mM) 0,142 0,114 0,086 0,058 0,029 0,020 0,010
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(a)
360 480 Distanz (µm) 300
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240
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0 0,04 0,08 0,12 0,16 O2 (mM)
^yy ps '-0XG PN- $z*N-,+0dH02N2+-z+J02 J2 NJ2NF ]J0XGF [z+N2 z*, >N,,*2LN2 FJ+ >J H-0NGNH+-0PN2 2zxK [N]NN- ppu &*NGGNo C\ EGNFFJ2L *2P A J2LN2PN- w
EJ-N,+02N ppwn '0++, ppu [JN M- ]J0XGFN +/J,xKN K0KN NGGPJxK+N N-Gz*y+ PN2 B2M0-Fz+J02,z*,+z*,xK J2 E0-F )02 DN2+-z2,MN- 0PN- FJ++NG, 2JNPN-F0GNH*Gz-N$JL2zGF0GNHGN (z, J2 '0/*Gz+J02N2 /Gz2H+02J,xKN- NGGN2 2JxK+ FLGJxK J,+
mrr E-KN X2+PNuH*2L ,/+N X-M0-,uK*2L [JN M-KN,+N2 ]N0yzxK+*2LN2 )02 ]J0XGFN2 LNKN2 z*M PJN FJH-0,H0/J,xKN $JxK+ yz-FzxK*2L )02 ]zH+N-JN2 P*-xK ^2+02JN )z2 ?NN*(N2K0NH svwrwv *-xHo Z- )N-dN2+GJxK+N sqv N-,+FzGJL NJxK2*2LN2 )02 ]zH+N-JN2 z*, PN2 zK2yNGLN2 PN, >N2,xKN2 ^GGN-PJ2L, N-M0GL+N2 J2 PN- HGz,,J,xKN2 >JH-0yJ0G0LJN FNJ,+ ?zy0- *2+N-,*xK*2LN2 z2 /Gz2H+02J,xKN2 NGGN2 J2 %NJ2H*G+*-N2 (K-N2P ]J0XGFN zG, z2P(zxK,+*F77 J2 $xK++NGH*G+*-N2 NKN- zG, $+-*2L yN+-zxK+N+ *2P 2JxK+ NJ2LN KN2PN- N-M0-,xK+ (*-PN2 [zKN- (*-PN Gz2LN NJ+ yN-,NKN2 Pz,, PJN ZJ,+N2 )02 FJH-0yJNGGN2 ?NyN2,LNFNJ2,xKzM+N2 J2 ]J0XGFN2 *2P EG0xHN2 PJN *2J)N-,NGGN ?N yN2,M0-F )02 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 Pz-,+NGG+ ^*xK J2 zH+*NGGN2 ?NK-yxKN-2 PN- >J H-0yJ0G0LJN >zPJLz2 *2P >z-+J2H0 ws X2PN2 ,JxK JFFN- 20xK -NGz+J) (N2JL B2M0-Fz+J02N2 *F #KNFz ]J0XGF ^*ML-*2P )02 E0-+,xK-J++N2 J2 PN- Z2+(JxHG*2L FJH-0,H0/J,xKN- #NxK2JHN2 ,/N JX,xKN- EG*0-N,N2Mz-y,+0dN )02 >JH-0NGNH+-0PN2 ,0(JN PN- ^2(N2P*2L F0GN H*Gz-yJ0G0LJ,xKN- >N+K0PN2 z*M PJN Z-M0-,xK*2L )02 ]J0XGFN2 [0GN pppn
pu ]J0XGFN PJN yN)0-*L+N ?NyN2,M0-F PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2
ssv
JH-00-Lz2,JFN2 Kz2PNG+ (NGxKN zG, %NzH+J02 z*M PJN IN(NJGJLN2 "F(NG+yNPJ2L*2 LN2 ,/NJX,xKN *,zFFN2,N+*2LN2 *2P ^H+J)J++N2 z*M(NJ,N2 [JN ]JGP*2L )02 ]J0XGFN2 ,xKNJ2+ NJ2N2 M*2PzFN2+zGN2 >NxKz2J,F*, *2P NJ2N N-M0GL-NJxKN $+-z+NLJN M- PJN ]N,JNPG*2L *2P Pz, ~yN-GNyN2 )02 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 J2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 ?NyN2,-*FN2 Pz-*,+NGGN2 *2P Pz, ,xK02 ,NJ+ LN-z*FN- NJ+o ]J0XGFN ,J2P PJN G +N,+N yJ,Gz2L yNHz22+N E0-F )02 ?NyN2,LNFNJ2,xKzM+N2 !N-,+NJ2N-+N ]zH+N-JN2 J2 FJ2N-zGJ,JN-+N2 M0,,JGN2 ]J0XGFN2 $+-0Fz+0GJ+KN77 LN2z22+ (N-PN2 z*M yN- vt >JGGJz-PN2 AzK-N *-xHPz+JN-+ $xK0/M N+ zG pqv B2 >JH-0yN2Fz++N2 FJx-0yJzG Fz+, ,J2P JF !N-Gz*M PN- Z)0G*+J02 >JH-00-Lz 2J,FN2 N2+,+z2PN2 PJN *- 'K0+0,2+KN,N MKJL (z-N2 $JN KzyN2 PN2 $z*N-,+0d J2 PJN *-,/-2LGJxK z2zN-0yN Z-Pz+F0,/K-N NJ2LNy-zxK+ *2P PzP*-xK PJN yJ, PzKJ2 )0-KN--,xKN2PN2 z2zN-0yN2 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 z2 N2+,/-NxKN2PN $+z2P0-+N )N- P-2L+ ]J0XGFN KzyN2 z*xK N2+,xKNJPN2P *- ]JGP*2L M0,,JGN- ]-N22,+0dN yNJLN +-zLN2 *2P ,J2P z2 PN- ]JGP*2L )02 ?zLN-,+++N2 ,0GxKN- ZGNFN2+N (JN ZJ,N2 @*/MN- ]GNJ "-z2 'K0,/K0- *2P $xK(NMNG yN+NJGJL+ \0,+N-+02 N+ zG pqrn ZK-GJxK ww !N-LGNJxKyz-N >JH-0yN2Fz++N2 ,J2P KN*+N yN,02PN-, J2 N+-NFN2 ?NyN2,-*FN2 yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N ,+z-H ,zGKzG+JLN DN(,,N- J2+N-+JPzGN ]N-NJxKN (JN Pz, Ez-y,+-NJMN2 $z2P(z++ z2*+-NdN2 CJN- ,+NGGN2 ,JN H0F/GNN )N-+JHzG LN,xKJxK+N+N FJH-0yJNGGN ?NyN2,LNFNJ2,xKzM+N2 Pz- J2 PN2N2 +/J,xKN-(NJ,N )N-,xKJNPN2N D-*//N2 /K0+0 ,2+KN+J,xKN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 *2P KN+N-0+-0/KN- ]zH+N-JN2 )0-H0FFN2 >JH-0 yN2Fz++N2 H22N2 zG, NJ2N E0-F )02 H0F/GNN2 ]J0XGFN2 z2LN,NKN2 (N-PN2 B2 PN- "F(NG+ LJy+ N, /-zH+J,xK HNJ2N D-N2VxKN2 PJN 2JxK+ )02 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 yN,JNPNG+ ,J2P 0PN- yN,JNPNG+ (N-PN2 H22N2 #zy ps Z, ,J2P yJ,Gz2L z*xK HNJ2N N-H,+0dN yNHz22+ PJN Pz*N-KzM+ NJ2N- FJH-0yJNGGN2 ]N,JNPG*2L (JPN-,+NKN2 AN 2zxK ^yK2LJLHNJ+ PN- D-N2VxKN2 )z-JJN-+ PN- z, ,N-LNKzG+ J2 ]J0XGFN2n J2 (,,-JLN- "FLNy*2L Hz22 N- yJ, * pq ; yN+-zLN2 (K -N2P N- z*M z2 PN- ?*M+ N/02JN-+N2 ENG,N2 0PN- J2 +-0xHN2N- "FLNy*2L (N,N2+GJxK LN-J2LN- ,NJ2 Hz22 KJN- ,J2P ]J0XGFN K*XL ]N,+z2P+NJG )02 $xKF*+,xKJxK+N277 #zyNGGN ps ]J0XGFN z2 D-N2VxKN2 D-N2VxKN
]NJ,/JNGN M- Pz, !0-H0FFN2 )02 ]J0XGFN2
EN,+N N2LN2 z2 $+0d (NxK,NG/-0P*H+N2 ,+z-H J2 PN2 !N-(J++N-*2L,/-0N,, NJ2L-NJMN2 [zFJ+ +-zLN2 ,JN *- ]J0)N-MLyz-HNJ+ N,,N2+JNGGN- >N+zGGJ02N2 (JN EN >2 \0 *2P z2PN-N2 yNJ $xK0/M N+ zG pqv [JN ^yyJGP*2LN2 pr yP NJLN2 ]J0XGFN z*M '0-N2 NJ2N, $z2P,+NJ2MNG,N2, ^yy prz (0yNJ PJN * H0)J,JP0,N yN-*K+ Pz-z*M Pz,, ,+z-H $xKGNJF yJGPN2PN ]zH+N-JN2 PN- ^-+ ',N*P0 F02z, zN-*LJ20,z Pz, Z/J+KNGLN(NyN J2 E0-F )02 ]J0XGFN2 yN,JNPNG2 INP0xK J2 PJN,N- E0-F P*-xK PJN K*F0-zGN2 ,0(JN NGG*G-N2 BFF*2zy(NK-FNxKz2J,FN2 2JxK+ N2+MN-2+ (N-PN2 H22N2 \0,+N-+02 ppp B2 ]J0XGFN2 )02 Cz*,J2,+zGGz+J02N2 H2 2N2 ,JxK +/J,xKN z,,N-yzH+N-JN2 FJ+ /z+K0LN2NF '0+N2JzG 0//0-+*2J,+J,xKN @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN- z2,JNPNG2 (JN *F ]NJ,/JNG ?NLJ02NGGN2 z+/J,xKN >H0yzH+N -JN2 0PN- ' zN-*LJ20,z @NN)JG N+ zG ww (NGxKN P*-xK PJN yGJxKN #-J2H(z,,N- xKG0-*2L 2JxK+ zy*++N2 ,J2P
mrp X2+(JuHG*2L )02 [J0MJGFN2 ]J0XGFN ,J2P KN+N-0LN2N $,+NFN [-NJ 'Kz,N2 ,J2P z2 JK-N- Z2+,+NK*2L yN+NJGJL+o [z, >NPJ*F V,,JLN 'Kz,N yNNJ2V*,,+ P*-xK #NF/N-z+*- /C N-+ LNG,+N 0- Lz2J,xKN *2P z20-Lz2J,xKN $+0dN JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 planktonische Zellen
Substratum
Flagellum
"conditioning film"
(a)
Pa
"twitching motility"
(b)
Zell-Zell Kommunikation EPS
EPS-Matrix
Mikrokolonie
(c)
(d)
sloughing
Schwärmer- Zellen
Erosion
(e)
Neubesiedlung
(f)
ssr
ssq
p $JxKN-KNJ+ *2P $xK*+ )0- @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN-2 P*-xK NJ2 F*G+J/GN, ]z--JN-N2,,+NF
#-0+ zGGN- !JNGMzG+ Gz,,N2 ,JxK J2 PN- Z2+(JxHG*2L NJ2N, ]J0XGF, LN2N-NGG )N-,xKJNPN2N $+zPJN2 N-HN22N2 EGNFFJ2L ppu ^yy pp [zyNJ ,J2P M0GLN2PN EzH+0-N2 (JxK+JLo PJN B2P*H+J02,NJ+ yJ, *F ]NLJ22 PN, G0Lz-J+KFJ,xKN2 ]J0XGF(zxK,+*F,n PJN zxK,+*F,-z+N PJN yN,+JFF+ (JN ,xK2NGG Pz, 'Gz+Nz* N--NJxK+ (J-P *2P Pz, ^*,Fz PN, zxK,+*F, Pz, PJN [JxHN *2P PJN ^*,(J-H*2LN2 )02 ]J0XGFN2 yN,+JFF+
mro \2KNM+*2L w2 NJ2N JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 z2 NJ2N ^*M(*xK,0yN-VxKN Pz, $*y,+-z+*F PN- !N-FNK-*2L * >JH-0H0G02JN2 *2P PN-N2 *,zFFN2(zxK,N2 * PJdN-N2JN-+N2 ]J0XGFN2 !0zGGNF P*-xK PJN ^2zG,N )02 PNX2JN-+N2 >*+z2+N2 GJNN2 ,JxK J2 PN2 GN++N2 AzK-N2 PJN ^2KNM+*2L *2P PJN ]J0XGFyJGP*2L NJ2JLN- ]zH+N-JN2z-+N2 J2 NJ2N ^yM0GLN PNX 2JN-+N- ZJ2NG,xK-J++N z*V,N2 (JN J2 ^yyJGP*2L pp ,xKNFz+J,xK Pz-LN,+NGG+ J,+ [N- #-z2,/0-+ )02 ]zH+N-JN2NGGN2 * NJ2N- JGJN*, MK-+ * NJ2N- L-0N2 !z-Jz +J02 PN- ]J0XGFyJGP*2L [JN FNJ,+N2 ]J0XGFN J2 z.*z+J,xKN2 $,+NFN2 (NJ,N2 NJ2N2 FNK- 0PN- (N2JLN- KN+N-0LN2N2 ^*Myz* z*M \Kz-zH+N-J,+J,xK J,+ PJN -NGz+J) K0KN NGGPJxK+N JF !N-LGNJxK *- "FLNy*2L ]J0XGFN z2 z.*z+J,xKN2 $+z2P0-+N2 H22N2 yJ, * w NGGN2 /-0 >JGGJGJ+N- ]J0XGF)0G*FN2 N2+KzG+N2n N, Kz2PNG+ ,JxK *F @02 N2+-z+J02N2 PJN *F PN2 EzH+0- v yJ, u KKN- GJNLN2 zG, J2 PN- M-NJN2 z,,N-/Kz,N yNJNK*2L,(NJ,N zG, Fz2 ,JN J2 ?zy0-V,,JLH*G+*-N2 N--NJxKN2 Hz22n LNLN2yN- PN z,,N-/Kz,N J2 PN- ,JN (zxK,N2 H22N2 PJN "2+N-,xKJNPN 20xK N-KNyGJxK L-N,NJ2 (N22 Fz2 yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N z2 ]J0XGFN z*M $+NJ2N2 J2 0GJL0+-0/KN2 ]N-LyxKN2 PN2H+ \0,+N-+02 N+ zG pqr ]J0XGF0-Lz2J,FN2 (N-PN2 z2 PJN z,,N-/Kz,N zy LNLNyN2 INP0xK ,0 *2-NLNGFJL Pz,, JK-N ]N,+JFF*2L HNJ2N2 CJ2(NJ, z*M JH-00-Lz2J,FN2z-+N2 >NJ,+ P0FJ2JN-N2 PJN ]zH+N-JN2n N, H22N2 IN 2zxK $+z2P0-+ INP0xK z*xK yN+-xK+ GJxKN ^2+NJGN z2 ^GLN2 yNJ ?JxK+*+-J++ 'JGN2 *2P '-0+00N2 )0-Kz2PN2 ,NJ2 * ,+GJxK H22N2 ,JxK J2 (NJ+N-N2 +-0/KJ,xKN2 ZyN2N2 FNK-NGGJLN JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 N- 2K-N2 ,0Pz,, N, *- ^*,yJGP*2L )02 =zK-*2L,HN++N2 J22N-KzGy )02 ]J0XGFN2 H0F FN2 Hz22 [JN, yNNJ2V*,,+ PJN *,zFFN2,N+*2L *2P PJN [2zFJH PN, $,+NF, 2zxKKzG+JL
mr B22N-N- *,wFFN2KwG+ !02 (N,N2+GJxKN- ]NPN*+*2L M- PJN *,zFFN2,N+*2L $+-*H+*- *2P E*2H+J02 )02 ]J0XGFN2 ,J2P PJN ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 PN- Z'$ (NGxKN PJN $xKG,,NGF0GNHGN M- PJN z2zKFN2 *- @02+-0GGN *2P ]NHF/ M*2L *2N-(2,xK+N- ]J0XGFN J2LN2PN- N+ zG pppn EGNFFJ2L ww ^GGN2 ^-+N2 )02 ]J0XGFN2 J,+ LNFNJ2,zF Pz,, ,JN )02 PN2 Z'$ *,zFFN2LNKzG+N2 (N-PN2 $JN )N-GNJKN2 JK2N2 JK-N E0-F *2P JK-N /K,JHzGJ,xKN2 ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 $JN )N-FJ++NG2 z*xK PJN CzM+*2L PN- ]J0XGFN z2 JH-0
pu ]J0XGFN PJN yN)0-*L+N ?NyN2,M0-F PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2
sr
0-Lz2J,FN2 *2P KzG+N2 ,JN J2 JK-N- P-NJPJFN2,J02zGN2 ^20-P2*2L *,zFFN2 Z, J,+ yNHz22+ Pz,, PJN,N >z+-J ,NK- KN+N-0LN2 z*MLNyz*+ J,+ *2P Pz,, JK-N ]N,+z2P+NJGN ,+z-H )z-JJN-N2 H22N2 IN 2zxKPNF (NGxKN >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 *LNLN2 ,J2P *2+N(NGxKN2 =K-,+0dyNPJ2L*2LN2 ,JN ,JxK yNX2PN2 *2P (NGxKN KP-0P2zFJ,xKN2 ]N PJ2L*2LN2 )0-GJNLN2
mr [N,+w2P+NJGN PN- X'$ Z'$ yN,+NKN2 yN-(JNLN2P z*, LNGzPN2N2 FNJ,+ z2J02J,xKN2 0PN- 2N*+-zGN2 '0 G,zxxKz-JPN2 *2P '-0+NJ2N2 ,JN H22N2 zyN- z*xK PN*+GJxKN ^2+NJGN z2 =*HGNJ2 ,*-N2 KJ+xK*-xK N+ zG wwn >z N+ zG wp ?J/JPN2 $z2P *2P DNK-HN ws *2P z2PN-N2 >zH-0F0GNHGN2 N2+KzG+N2 DNGzPN2N D-*//N2 J2 yzH+N-JNGGN2 '0G FN-N2 yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N \z-y0GL-*//N2 )02 "-02,*-N2 ,0(JN $*y,+J+*N2+N2 yNJ ,/JNG,(NJ,N ^xN+GL-*//N2 J2 '0G,zxxKz-JPN2 yNNJ2V*,,N2 JK-N /K,JHzGJ,xKxKNFJ ,xKN2 ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 EN,+JLHNJ+ !J,H0,J++ z,,N-yJ2P*2L,Hz/zJ++ ]J2P*2L )02 z20-Lz2J,xKN2 B02N2 ^*ML-*2P PN- BPN2+JXJN-*2L )02 '0G,zxxKz-JPN2 zG, K*XLN Z'$@0F/02N2+N2 (*-PN PN- ]NL-Jd DGx0xzG77 M- /0G,zxxKz-JPKzG+JLN $+-*H +*-N2 (JN @z/,NG2 0PN- $xKGNJFN NJ2LNMK-+ Z, H22N2 INP0xK z*xK '-0+NJ2N 0PNz2PN-N >zH-0F0GNHGN J2 yN+-xK+GJxKN2 ^2+NJGN2 J2 PN2 Z'$ )0-H0FFN2 ^*ML-*2P PN- HGNy-JLN277 LwhB02 J,+ PzLNLN2 0dN2,JxK+ GJxK * HGNJ2 *F zG, ]-xHN2yJGP2N- * (J-HN2 EGNFFJ2L N+ zG w [N- FN2 LN2FJLN ^2+NJG PN- Z'$ J2 ]J0XGFN2 Hz22 ,+z-H ,xK(z2HN2n N- GJNL+ (J,xKN2 t *2P p ; PN- LN,zF+N2 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $*y,+z2 JF ]J0XGF [NX2J+J02,LNF ,J2P PJN Z'$ z*N-KzGy PN- NGGN2 G0HzGJ,JN-+ >LGJxKN >N xKz2J,FN2 P0-+ KJ2*LNGz2LN2 ,J2P PJN zH+J)N $NH-N+J02 PJN ^yG,*2L )02 ]N ,+z2P+NJGN2 PN- *N-N2 >NFy-z2 D-zF2NLz+J)N- NGGN2 yNJNK*2L,(NJ,N PN- NGG (z2P D-zF/0,J+J)N- NGGN2 PJN ?,J, )02 NGGN2 0PN- PJN $0-/+J02 z*, PN- (,, -JLN2 "FLNy*2L D-zF2NLz+J)N ]zH+N-JN2 (JN ' zN-*LJ20,z (NJ,N2 NJ2N2 (NJ+N-N2 >NxKz2J,F*, PN- E-NJ,N+*2L )02 NGG*G-NF >z+N-JzG z*M Pz, yGNyyJ2Lo K-N2P PN, 20-FzGN2 zxK,+*F, (N-PN2 >NFy-z2)N,JHNG 2zxK z*N2 zyLNLNyN2 $xK00 GJ2L N+ zG ws $JN H22N2 zG, -*yN-J,xKN !N,JHNG77 z*M+-N+N2 (N22 ,JN Z2FN 'N/+JP0LGHz2 CP-0Gz,N2 N2+KzG+N2 FJ+ PN2N2 yN2zxKyz-+N NGGN2 JF ]J0XGF G,JN-+ (N-PN2 EGNFFJ2L *2P J2LN2PN- w [*-xK ^y,+N-yN2 *2P ?,J, M-NJ LN,N++N, >z+N-JzG (J-P J2 PN- ]J0XGFFz+-J *-xHLNKzG+N2 *2P Hz22 P*-xK PJN )N-yGNJyN2PN2 ]J0XGF/0/*Gz+J02N2 J2 E0-F NJ2N- ^-+ )02 %NxxGJ2L (JNPN- )N- (N-+N+ (N-PN2 [*-xK PJN ^H+J)J++ PN- Z0N2FN N2+,+NK+ NJ2 Lz2N, N+-zNGG*G-N, !N-Pz**2L,,,+NF J2 PNF zyyz*yz-N '0GFN-N M- PJN ]J0XGFNGGN2 )N-MLyz- LN FzxK+ (N-PN2
srw
p $JxKN-KNJ+ *2P $xK*+ )0- @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN-2 P*-xK NJ2 F*G+J/GN, ]z--JN-N2,,+NF
mrt X'$$+-*H+*[JN $+-*H+*- PN- Z'$ *,zFFN2LN,N++ z*, ,NK- )N-,xKJNPN2N2 >zH-0F0GNHGN2 N-,xKNJ2+ z*M PN2 N-,+N2 ]GJxH -NJ2 *MGGJL *2P 0K2N N-HN22yz-N 0PNGG PN- Z'$$+-*H+*- ,J2P PJN @-M+N )02 PN2N2 PJN ]J0 XGFFz+-J *,zFFN2LNKzG+N2 (J-P [JN @-M+N yN-*KN2 2JxK+ z*M H0)zGN2+N2 ]J2 P*2LN2 ,02PN-2 z*M ,xK(zxKN2 NxK,NG(J-H*2LN2 EGNFFJ2L N+ zG w BF '-J2J/ H0FFN2 M- PJN,N ]J2P*2L,M0-F P-NJ #/N2 J2 E-zLNo [J,/N-,J02, NxK,NG(J-H*2LN2 KP-0/K0yN NxK,NG(J-H*2LN277 ]J2P*2L, N2N-LJNo wt HAF0G NGNH+-0,+z+J,xKN NxK,NG(J-H*2LN2 ]J2P*2L,N2N-LJNo wwp HAF0G *2P z,,N-,+0dy-xHN2yJ2P*2LN2 ]J2P*2L,N2N-LJNo v HAF0G Z, J,+ * yNzxK+N2 Pz,, (z- PJN ]J2P*2L,N2N-LJN NJ2N- NJ2NG2N2 ,xK(zxKN2 NxK ,NG(J-H*2L +z+,xKGJxK ,NK- LN-J2L J,+ N22 zyN- NJ2 >zH-0F0GNHG yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N s ,0GxKN- ]J2P*2L,,+NGGN2 yN,J++ *2P z*xK 2*- ; Pz)02 z2 PN2 NxK,NG(J- H*2LN2 yN+NJGJL+ ,J2P F*G+J/GJJN-N2 ,JN ,JxK *F PN2 EzH+0- )02 t (z, * ]-*++0 ]J2P*2L,N2N-LJN2 yJ, (NJ+ J2 PN2 ]N-NJxK H0)zGN2+N- ]J2P*2LN2 MK-+ [JN,N -N,*G +JN-N2PN @-zM+ ,N++ ,JxK z*, PN- $*FFN zGGN- P-NJ #/N2 )02 NxK,NG(J-H*2LN2 *,zFFN2 =z+-GJxK (J-HN2 PJN,N @-M+N 2JxK+ 2*- (J,xKN2 PN2 Z'$>0GNHGN2 ,02PN-2 ,JN N-,+-NxHN2 ,JxK z*xK z*M 'z-+JHNGn Pz-z2 GJNL+ N, Pz,, PJN Z'$ M- ,JN zG, @GNy,+0d (J-HN2 N22 PN- z,,N-LNKzG+ zy2JFF+ H22N2 FNK- D-*//N2 J2 NxK,NG(J-H*2L +-N+N2 ]NJ ^*,+-0xH2*2L H22N2 XGzFN2+,N $+-*H+*-N2 N2+,+NKN2 (JN ,JN K*XL z*M -z,+N-NGNH+-02N2FJH-0,H0/J,xKN2 ]JGPN-2 * ,NKN2 ,J2P z*xK z*M ^yy pt CJN-yNJ Kz2PNG+ N, ,JxK INP0xK *F #-0xH2*2L,z-+NMzH+Nn JF 2z+J)N2 * ,+z2P ,J2P PJN Z'$ 2*- ,NG+N2 XGzFN2+, ^*ML-*2P PN- ,xK(zxKN2 NxK,NG(J-H*2LN2 N2+(JxHNG+ ,JxK NJ2 =N+(N-H V*H +*-JN-N2PN- CzM+/*2H+N PJN ,JxK ,+2PJL G,N2 *2P (JNPN- )N-yJ2PN2 AN 2zxK PN2 $xKN-H-M+N2 PJN z*M Pz, =N+(N-H NJ2(J-HN2 X2PN2 ,JxK PJN LGNJxKN2 CzM+/*2H+N (JNPN- *2P Pz22 )N-KG+ ,JxK PN- ]J0XGF zG, DNG $J2P N, )N-,xKJNPN2N CzM+/*2H+N Pz22 )N-KG+ ,JxK PN- ]J0XGF zG, K0xK)J,H0,N EG,,JLHNJ+ >J+KJGMN NJ2N, 2N* N2+(J xHNG+N2 EJGF-KN0FN+N-, H022+N PN- z//z-N2+N ZGz,+JJ++,F0P*G*, zG, 'z-zFN+N- MPJN FNxKz2J,xKN $+zyJGJ++ )02 VzxKN2 >0PNGGyJ0XGFN2 z*, ' zN-*LJ20,z yN,+JFF+ (N-PN2 @-,+LN2, N+ zG w >J+ PJN,N- >N+K0PN H022+N LNNJL+ (N-PN2 Pz,, \zGxJ*F @*/MN- *2P ZJ,N2J02N2 PJN FNxKz2J,xKN $+zyJGJ++ PN, ' zN-*LJ20,z]J0 XGF, ,+z-H N-KK+N2 (K-N2P >zL2N,J*FJ02N2 PJN, 2JxK+ +z+N2 >zN- N+ zG ppp
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]J0XGFN2 ,0(JN z2 PN- ^*M -NxK+N-KzG+*2L PN- B2+NL-J++ )02 ]J0XGFN2 yN+NJGJL+ ,J2P [JN ]JGP*2L *2P %NL*Gz+J02 )02 ^C?, ,J2P yN,02PN-, NJ2LNKN2P yNJ ' zN-*LJ20,z *2+N-,*xK+ (0-PN2 'N,xJ *2P BLGN(,HJ ppp [z, ]zH+N-J*F yN,J++ (NJ &*0-*F ,N2,J2L$,+NFN Pz, ?z,%?z,B$,+NF *2P Pz, %KG%%KGB$,+NF Z, ,J2P yJ,KNvp DN2N yNHz22+ PJN PN- %NL*Gz+J02 P*-xK PJN,N $,+NFN *2+N-GJNLN2 E- PJN ]J0 XGFPJdN-N2JN-*2L (J-P Pz, ?z,%?z,B$,+NF yN2+JL+ >*+z2+N2 Gz,B>*+z2+N2 PJN 2JxK+ FNK- J2 PN- ?zLN (z-N2 Pz, $JL2zGF0GNHG vz+-J NJ2N, PN- J2+N-N,,z2+N,+N2 ZGNFN2+N )02 ]J0XGFN2 Pz- PJN,N >z+-J yJGPN+ zG, z-xKJ+NH+02J,xKN D-*2P,+-*H+*,0*,zLN2 Pz, Cz*,77 J2 PN- $+zP+ PN- >JH-0yN277 (JN ]J0XGFN ,xK02 LN2z22+ (*-PN2 z+2JxH *2P @0G+N- wn EGNFFJ2L N+ zG wr [JN !N-F*+*2L GJNL+ 2zKN Pz,, PJN Z'$$+-*H+*- H0G0LJ,xKN E*2H+J02N2 N-MGG+ *2P HNJ2N -NJ2 *MGGJLN >z+-J Pz-,+NGG+ Z'$ (N-PN2 yN-(JNLN2P )02 PN2 ]J0XGF0-Lz2J,FN2 ,NGy,+ LN yJGPN+ *2P ,JN M0-FN2 *2P yNNJ2V*,,N2 PN2 %z*F J2 PNF ,JxK FJH-0yJNGGN B2+N- zH+J02N2 zy,/JNGN2 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sq
p $JxKN-KNJ+ *2P $xK*+ )0- @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN-2 P*-xK NJ2 F*G+J/GN, ]z--JN-N2,,+NF
^*xK yNJ NJ2N- ZGNH+-0G,N )02 z,,N- N2+,+NK+ ,0MN-2 FNK- zG, N+(z FLG \KG0-JPB02N2 )0-Kz2PN2 ,J2P z2 PN- ^20PN 2JxK+ 0PN- 2JxK+ 2*- $z*N-,+0d ,02 PN-2 z*xK \KG0- D-*2P J,+ NJ2N K0KN ~yN-,/z22*2L M- PJN z2 ,JxK yN)0-*L+N ]JGP*2L )02 $z*N-,+0d PJN P*-xK zKG LNNJL2N+N- ZGNH+-0PN2 )N-,+-H+ (N-PN2 Hz22 [JN, J,+ NJ2N ,JxKN-N >N+K0PN PN- \KG0-KN-,+NGG*2L ^2 PN- @z+K0PN N2+,+NK+ NJ2 z,,N- FJ+ K0KNF /C N-+ (z, * @zGHzyGzLN-*2LN2 MK-N2 Hz22 !02 NJ+ * NJ+ J,+ NJ2N '0+N2JzG*FHNK- ,J22)0GG *F PJN ^yGzLN-*2LN2 (JNPN- z*M*G,N2 [JN HNJF++N2PN J-H*2L z2 PN- ^20PN (J-P NJ2NF $z*N-,+0d J2 ,+z+* 2z,xN2PJ77 *LN,xK-JNyN2 (N,(NLN2 z*xK )02 z20PJ,xKN- J2PN,+H02N2+-z+J02 z2 [N,J2MNH+J02, FJ++NG2 JF =N+ HNJ2N KJ2-NJxKN2PN $JxKN-KNJ+ (N22 %N,,0*-xN2,xK*+ ^*MyN-NJ +*2L 0PN- %0K-2N+/VNLN 2JxK+ PN2 %NLNG2 PN- #NxK2JH N2+,/-NxKN2 N22 zGGN-PJ2L, J2 %0K-2N+N2 PJN ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 PN- #-J2H(! J2 ]N*L z*M @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN- 2*P*-xK [N,J2MNH+J02 NJ2LNKzG+N2 (N-PN2 H22N2 Pz22 J,+ NJ2N [N,J2MNH+J02,Hz/z J++ JF %0K-2N+ 0yGJLz+0-J,xK *G,,JL M- PJN [N,J2MNH+J02,Hz/zJ++ JF =N+ ,J2P 2*- M-NJN, \KG0- FJ+ KxK, +N2, v FLG \Gw J2 $02PN-MGGN2 yJ, * s FLG \Gw 0PN- \KG0-PJ0JP FJ+ KxK,+N2, u FLG \Gz,,N2 !N-KG+2J, )N-KG+2J, * \KG0* \KG0\Gw CLGJxKHNJ+ xKNFJ,xKN- %NzH+J02N2 PN, \KG0-, FJ+ z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN2 NKN- ,/NH*Gz+J) *2P (z- +-0+ PN- @N22+2J, yN- PJN ]JGP*2L )02 LN-*xK,J2+N2,J)N2 \KG0-zFJ2N2 [JN,N ^*dz,,*2L Kz+ ,JxK P*-xK PN2 =zxK(NJ, PN- ]JGP*2L )02 \KG0-0M0-F J2M0GLN PN- \KG0-*2L PN, z,,N-, L-2PGJxK LN2PN-+ %00H pru [JN Z2+,+NK*2L *2P PJN !N-KJ2PN-*2L PN- Z2+ ,+NK*2L )02 FLGJxKN-(NJ,N M- PN2 >N2,xKN2 +0J,xKN2 [N,J2MNH+J02,2NyN2/-0 P*H+N2 [='n N2LGJ,xKo PJ,J2MNx+J02 y/-0P*x+, []' ,J2P yJ, KN*+N K*XL DN LN2,+z2P ,,+NFz+J,xKN- (J,,N2,xKzM+GJxKN- "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 =NyN2 PN- ]JGP*2L )02 \KG0-0M0-F J2M0GLN PN- \KG0-*2L yN+-Jd+ PJN, J2 [N*+,xKGz2P J2,yN,02PN-N Pz, \KG0 -J+ Pz, yNJ PN- !N-(N2P*2L )02 \KG0-PJ0JP zG, [N,J2MNH+J02,FJ++NG N2+,+NK+ [z ,JxK INP0xK 2JxK+ 2*- \KG0-0M0-F yNJ PN- \KG0-*2L yJGPN+ ,/-JxK+ Fz2 * ,zFFN2Mz,,N2P )02 CzG0M0-FN2 M- PJN $*FFN z*, ]-0F0M0-F \KG0-0M0-F *2P >J,xK)N-yJ2P*2LN2 [JN xKNFJ,xK H0--NH+N ]NNJxK2*2L J,+ #-JKzG0LN2FN+Kz2N #C> M- PJN $*FFN z*, #-JxKG0-FN+Kz2 [JxKG0-y-0FFN+Kz2 [Jy-0FxKG0-FN +Kz2 *2P #-Jy-0FFN+Kz2 [N- ZJ2,z+ PN, ,+z-HN2 ,J2P [N- >NxKz2J,F*, PN- #C>]JGP*2L J,+ ,NK- H0F/GN B2 PN- ?J+N-z+*- (N-PN2 PzM- FNK-,+*XLN %NzH+J02N2 yN,xK-JNyN2 (0yNJ zG, (JxK+JL,+N %NzH+J02,/-0P*H+N 2NyN2 PN2 #C> 2JNPN-F0GNH*Gz-N 0-Lz2J,xKN $*-N2 N2+,+NKN2 A0GGN prt $J2P JF z,,N- $/*-N2 )02 ]-0FJP N2+KzG+N2 (N-PN2 PJN \KG0-z+0FN PN- #C> +NJG(NJ,N 0PN- )GGJL P*-xK ]-0FJP N-,N++ *2P N, N2+,+NKN2 PJN y-0FJN-+N2 [N-J)z+N PN, \KG0 -0M0-F, D-z2PN+ N+ zG pqsn ]-z*xK *2P CzyN-N- ppr [JN $*FFN (J-P N2+(NPN- H0--NH+ zG, F0GG y( F0GG 0PN- (N2JLN- H0--NH+ zG, $*FFN PN- NJ2NG2N2 $+0dN J2 LG 0PN- zG, $*FFN PN- \KG0-0M0-F.*J)zGN2+N LNyJGPN+ E- PJN,N $*FFN2yJGP*2L (J-P Pz, !N-KG+2J, PN- >0GFz,,N2 PN- NJ2NG2N2 $+0dN )N-(N2PN+ E- PJN \KG0-0M0-F.*J)zGN2+N LJG+ M0GLN2PN "F-NxK2*2Lo #C>
xKG0-0M0F
f \Gv\C h rv \Gw]-\C h tr \G]-w\C h ur ]-v\C
pq
[JN E-zLN (z-*F M- PJN #C> NJ2 D-N2(N-+ MN,+LN,N++ (*-PN M- z2PN-N [=' zyN- 2JxK+ J,+ P*-xK PJN Hz2N-0LN2N J-H*2L PN- ]-0FPN-J)z+N * N-HG-N2 zyNz*xK P*-xK PJN -NGz+J) NJ2MzxKN >N+K0PJH PN, =zxK(NJ,N, [JN #C> ,+NKN2 zG,0 ,+z-H )N-NJ2MzxKN2P ,+NGG)N-+-N+N2P M- z2PN-N KzG0LN2JN-+N =NyN2/-0P*H+N [JN @0--NGz+J02 PN- @02N2+-z+J02 PN- [=' FJ+ PNF [ ,0Gz2LN LN2LN2P M-NJN, \KG0- JF z,,N- )0-Kz2PN2 J,+ BF DNLN2,z+ Pz* J,+ PJN ]JGP*2L PN- y-0FJN-+N2 =NyN2/-0P*H+N 2JxK+ GJ2Nz- Pz PzM- P-NJ %NzH+J02,/z-+2N- \KG0- [ LNGJ2L+ PNF2zxK 2*- (N22 z*N- PNF [GGN- ppt >z2zKFN2 *- !N-FJ2PN-*2L PN- [=' F,,N2 yNJF $xK*+ PN, %0K(z,,N-, (NGxKN, PN- #-J2H(z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L PJN2+ yNLJ22N2 =JNP-JLN yzH+N-J0G0LJ,xKN *2P 0-Lz2J,xKN ]NGz,+*2LN2 PN- %N,,0*-xN2 N-FLGJxKN2 PJN Pz*N-KzM+N ^yLzyN NJ2N, FJH-0yJ0G0LJ,xK NJ2(z2PM-NJN2 z,,N-, z2 PN2 !N-y-z*xKN- *F #NJG 0K2N 0PNFJ+ 2*- ,NK- LN-J2LN2 [N,J2MNH+J02,FJ++NGP0,N2
spu
p $JxKN-KNJ+ *2P $xK*+ )0- @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN-2 P*-xK NJ2 F*G+J/GN, ]z--JN-N2,,+NF 500 obere Kurvenschar 4 US Studien Median 40 bis 55 µg/l THM
Trihalogenmethan (THM) in µg/l
200 100 50 20 10 5 2
NaOCl Cl2
ClO2
1 0,5 0,2
sämtliche chlorh. Stoffe 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 95 97 Unterschreitungshäufigkeit in %
untere Kurvenschar unterschiedliche Verfahren der Desinfektion in Deutschland Median 0,5 µg/l THM bei Chlordioxid-Anwendung bis zu 3 µg/l THM bei Chlor-Anwendung
99 99,5
^yy pt !N-LGNJxK PN- $*FFN2K*XLHNJ+ )02 #C> J2 PN*+,xKN2 *2P J2 "$zFN-JHz2J ,xKN2 z,,N-(N-HN2 CzyN-N- ppu
ZJ2N (JxK+JLN %0GGN ,/JNG+ z*xK PJN ^*,(zKG PN, z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L,/-0N,,N, PN- PJN DN,N+FJLHNJ+N2 PN- #C>]JGP*2L yN-xH,JxK+JLN2 F*,, =JxK+ *GN++ N-Gz2LN2 *,+z2P *2P PJN 'VNLN PN, %0K-2N+N, NJ2N (zxK,N2PN ]NPN*+*2L (NJG P*-xK PJN ]J0XGFN 0-Lz2J,xKN, >z+N-JzG zG, %NzH+J02,/z-+2N- yN-NJ+LN,+NGG+ (J-P B2 PJN,NF *,zFFN2Kz2L J,+ NJ2 !N-LGNJxK PN- \KG0-*2L *2P PzFJ+ PN- [=' J2 [N*+,xKGz2P FJ+ PN2 !N-NJ2JL+N2 $+zz+N2 )02 B2+N-N,,N B2,LN,zF+ GJNLN2 PJN C* XLHNJ+,)N-+NJG*2LN2 PN- #C> N-+N J2 PN*+,xKN2 z,,N-(N-HN2 N+(z *F PN2 EzH +0- *2+N- PN2IN2JLN2 zFN-JHz2J,xKN- z,,N-(N-HN ^yy pt ^*, PJN,NF D-*2P ,J2P zFN-JHz2J,xKN $+*PJN2 * LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 %J,JHN2 PN- \KG0-*2L J2 )JNGN2 ?2 PN-2 Z*-0/z, Pz-*2+N- C0GGz2P [N*+,xKGz2P ,+N--NJxK *2P PN- $xK(NJ 2JxK+ z2(N2Pyz- B2 PN2 "$^ yNLJ22+ IN++ N-,+ NJ2N ]N,J22*2L z*M PJN ]NPN*+*2L PN, F*G+J/GN2 ]z--JN-N2,,+NF, *F $xK*+ PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, zG, (J-H,zFN, >J++NG *!N--J2LN-*2L PN- [=']JGP*2L =NyN2 PN2 #C> J,+ PJN ]JGP*2L )02 $+0dN2 (JN ] #-JxKG0-N,,JL,*-N #-JxKG0-0 zxN+Jx zxJP #\^^ \KG0-/JH-J2 #-JxKG0-2J+-0FN+Kz2 *2P ww[JxKG0-/-0/J02 ,*-N [zGz/02 zG, [=' )02 NJ2JLN- ]NPN*+*2L (NJG PJN,N $+0dN M-KN- zG, 'Vz2 N2,xK*+FJ++NG )N-(N2PN+ (0-PN2 ,J2P y( 20xK JFFN- )N-(N2PN+ (N-PN2 B2, yN,02PN-N PJN @02N2+-z+J02 PN- #\^^ Hz22 J2 #-J2H(,,N-2 PJN D-N20-P2*2L PN, \KG0-0M0-F, P K zG,0 FNK-N-N LG N--NJxKN2 [N- D-N2(N-+ M- 'Vz2N2 ,xK*+FJ++NG yN+-L+ INP0xK LG [JN E-zLN 0y J2 NJ2NF ,0GxKN2 EzGG NJ2N D-N2 (N-+yN-,xK-NJ+*2L )0-GJNL+ (J-P z*ML-*2P NJ2N- -JxK+N-GJxKN2 EN,+,+NGG*2L *- ]N (N-+*2L )02 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $+0dN2 PJN JPN2+J,xK FJ+ 'Vz2N2,xK*+FJ++NG2 ,J2P )N- 2NJ2+ !N-(zG+*2L,LN-JxK+ [z-F,+zP+ ppwo Z, HFN 2JxK+ 2*- z*M PN2 $+0d zG, ,0GxKN2 ,02PN-2 z*xK z*M PN2 !N-(N2P*2L,(NxH z2 BF H02H-N+N2 EzGG (z- [J xNL*Gzx,*-N * yN(N-+N2 PJN z*, NJ2NF EG*,, J2 PN2 Pz, LNHG-+N ^y(z,,N- PN>N-xH ^D [z-F,+zP+ NJ2LNGNJ+N+ (*-PN *2P yN- PJN ]0PN2/z,,zLN GN++GJxK J2 Pz, #-J2H(z,,N- LNGz2L+N [JxNL*Gzx J,+ NJ2 ^yMzGG/-0P*H+ PN- CN-,+NGG*2L )02 !J+z FJ2 \ Z, (J-P zyN- z*xK zG, zxK,+*F,,+0d M- 'Vz2N2 )N-(N2PN+ J,+ FJ+KJ2
ps [N,J2MNH+J02,2NyN2/-0P*H+N
spt
NJ2 'Vz2N2yNKz2PG*2L,FJ++NG BF H02H-N+N2 EzGG (z- N, J2 Pz, #-J2H(z,,N- 2JxK+ (NLN2 ,NJ2N- ^2(N2P*2L zG, 'Vz2N2yNKz2PG*2L,FJ++NG ,02PN-2 zG, ^yMzGG/-0P*H+ PN- !J+zFJ2\CN-,+NGG*2L LNGz2L+ [N- D-N2(N-+ )02 LG (z- PN,(NLN2 2JxK+ z2*(N2PN2 Z, FzL PzKJ2LN,+NGG+ yGNJyN2 0y PJN,N ]N(N-+*2L JF EzGG NJ2N, )N- FNJPyz-N2 ^yMzGG/-0P*H+, JNGMK-N2P J,+ BF EzGG PN- [=' INP0xK J,+ N, yN-NxK+JL+ 2JxK+ PN2 D-N2(N-+ M- 'N,+JJPN KN-z2*JNKN2 PN22 KJN- J,+ NJ2N %J,JH0zy(L*2L (J,xKN2 NJ2N- DNMK-P*2L P*-xK @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN- yNJ *2+N-Gz,,N2N- [N,J2MNH+J02 *2P PN- DNMK-P*2L P*-xK [=' z2LNFN,,N2 0GG+N PN- DN,N+LNyN- NJ2N ]NL-N2*2L zGGN- PN2Hyz-N2 [=' )0-2NKFN2 ,0 yGJNyN N, JKF *2yN20FFN2 (JN JF EzGG PN- #C> 0PN- PN, ]-0Fz+, LNNJL2N+N D-N2 (N-+N MN,+*,N+N2 ]J,KN- yGNJy+ N, INP0xK )N-NJ2MzxKN2P yNJ NJ2NF D-N2(N-+ M#C> *2P M- ]-0Fz+ *F PN2 !0GG*L PN- #-J2H(! 2JxK+ *2/-zH+JHzyNG (N-PN2 * Gz,,N2
mps ZKG0-J+ *2P ZKG0-w+ \KG0-z+ J,+ NJ2 [=' yNJ PN- !N-(N2P*2L )02 \KG0-PJ0JP B2M0GLN PN- %NzH+J02 )02 \KG0- FJ+ z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN2 !N-(N2P*2L )02 \KG0-Lz, 0PN- C/0xKG0-J+ ] \KG0-yGNJxKGz*LN (J-P N, 2JxK+ LNyJGPN+ NJG INP0xK PJN JF z,,N-(N-H LN GzLN-+N2 \KG0-yGNJxKGz*LN2 NJ2NF ^G+N-*2L,/-0N,, *2+N-GJNLN2 J2 PN,,N2 !N-Gz*M \KG0-z+ N2+,+NK+ D0-P02 N+ zG ppt (J-P N, LNGNLN2+GJxK z*xK 2zxK NJ2N- \KG0-*2L )02 z,,N- 2zxKLN(JN,N2 [N- =zxK(NJ, )02 \KG0-z+ J,+ NJ2 CJ2(NJ, Pz-z*M Pz,, \KG0-yGNJxKGz*LN *2P 2JxK+ \KG0-Lz, yNJ PN- [N,J2MNH+J02 z2LN(N2PN+ (*-PN [JN K*XL *- [N,J2MNH+J02 )N-(N2PN+N \KG0-PJ0JP,+zFFG,*2L (J-P z*, ,JxKN- KNJ+,+NxK2J,xKN2 D-2PN2 JF z,,N-(N-H H*- )0- JK-N- [0,JN-*2L KN-LN,+NGG+ [z yNJ J,+ * yN-xH,JxK+JLN2 Pz,, PJN,N \KG0-PJ0JPG,*2L FNJ,+N2, ^2+NJGN z2 M-NJNF \KG0- *2P $/*-N2 )02 \KG0-J+ *2P \KG0-z+ N2+KG+ [JN, MK-+ Pz* Pz,, J2 PN$+zFFG,*2L *2P 2zxK PN-N2 [0,JN-*2L J2 Pz, z,,N- NJ2 [N,J2MNH+J02,LNFJ,xK )02 \KG0- *2P \KG0-PJ0JP ,0(JN PJN =NyN2/-0P*H+N \KG0-J+ *2P \KG0-z+ ,+N+, LNFNJ2,zF 2NyN2NJ2z2PN- )0-GJNLN2 BF !N-Gz*M NJ2N- FNK-,+*XLN2 %NzH+J02 PJN,N$+0dN *2+N-NJ2z2PN- H0FF+ N, *- =zxKyJGP*2L )02 \KG0-PJ0JP *2P \KG0-z+ $xKFJP+ pppz [JN,N %NzH+J02 )N-G*M+ J2,LN,zF+ ,xK2NGGN- zG, PJN %NzH+J02N2
Konzentration in µg/l
1000
Chlordioxidzehrung Chlorzehrung
100 Chloritbildung
10
Chloratbildung 1
0
100
10 100 1000 Kontaktzeit in min
1000
^yy ps =NyN2/-0P*H+yJGP*2L yNJ PN- [N,J2MNH+J02 FJ+ NJ2N- \KG0-PJ0JP\KG0-G,*2Ln \KG0-PJ0JPP0,J,o u FLG $xKFJP+ pppz
sps
p $JxKN-KNJ+ *2P $xK*+ )0- @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN-2 P*-xK NJ2 F*G+J/GN, ]z--JN-N2,,+NF
)02 \KG0-PJ0JP y( \KG0- FJ+ 0-Lz2J,xKN2 z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN2 [z, Kz+ PN2 !0- +NJG Pz,, GN++GJxK PJN #C>]JGP*2L *2P PJN NK-*2L PN, \KG0-PJ0JP, J2M0GLN PN%xHyJGP*2L )N-FJ2PN-+ (N-PN2 =zxK+NJGJL J,+ Pz,, JFFN- FJ+ PN- ]JGP*2L )02 \KG0-z+ JF z,,N- LN-NxK2N+ (N-PN2 F*,, [JN ]JGz2 PN- H0F/GNN2 %NzH+J02N2 NJ2N, \KG0-PJ0JP\KG0-DNFJ,xKN, J,+ J2 ^yy ps Pz-LN,+NGG+ \Kz-zH+N-J,+J,xK Pz M- ,J2P NJ2N K0KN \KG0-NK-*2L NJ2N )N-FJ2PN-+N NK-*2L PN, \KG0-PJ0JP, P*-xK PJN %xH-NzH+J02 PN, \KG0-J+, *2P NJ2N Gz2L,zFN \KG0-z+yJGP*2L PJN N-,+ *F $+JGG ,+z2P H0FF+ (N22 HNJ2 %N,+ PN, [N,J2MNH+J02,FJ++NG, JF z,,N- FNK- )N-MLyz- J,+
mpr [-0Fw+
20 15 10 5 340 240 140 Bromidgehalt in µg/l
^yy pr
0,7
1,5 Ozondosis in mg/l
2,5
0
Bromatbildung in µg/l
[JN ]JGP*2L )02 ]-0Fz+ z*, ]-0FJP yNJF ZJ2,z+ )02 NN-(z,,N- FJ+ \KG0- *2P 02z+N2 *- Z2+PNxH*2L PN, Z--NLN-, PN- zG, ?NLJ02NGGz /2N*F0/KJGz yNNJxK2N+ (*-PN >x[zPN N+ zG prr [JN N-,+N ?NLJ02NGGN2H*G+*- (z- yN-NJ+, JF AzK-N pur J,0GJN-+ (0-PN2 $JN yNMz2P ,JxK yJ, *F AzK-N prp *2JPN2+JXJN-+ J2 NJ2NF @KG,xK-z2H [JN ,/+N Z2+PNxH*2L PN- ?NLJ02NGGN2 J,+ Pz-z*M *-xH*MK-N2 Pz,, ,JN z*M PN2 PzFzG, yGJxKN-(NJ,N )N-(N2PN+N2 yzH+N-J0G0LJ,xKN2 =K-FNPJN2 2JxK+ z2LN xK+N+ (N-PN2 H022+N2 >NN-,xK(NJ2xKN2 *2P yNM-*xK+N+N CK2N-NJN- yJGPN+N2 PJN N-,+N2 B,0GJN-*2L,FLGJxKHNJ+N2 %N+-0,/NH+J) H022+N2 M-KN-N N/JPNFJ,xKN ^*,y-xKN )02 ?NLJ02NGG0,N2 yNJ PN 2N2 PN- Z--NLN- *2N2+PNxH+ LNyGJNyN2 (z- 2zxKLN(JN,N2 (N-PN2 ,JNKN #zy pp B2(J,xKN2 GJNLN2 z*, zKG-NJxKN2 ?2PN-2 ]N-JxK+N yN- N/JPNFJ,xKN ^*,y-xKN PN- ?NLJ02-,H-z2HKNJ+ )0- $JN J,+ ,JxKN-GJxK (NG+(NJ+ )N-y-NJ+N+ $0 N-NJL2N+N ,JxK ] NJ2N Z/JPNFJN JF ^/-JG pqt J2 NJ2N- N-,+ M2M AzK-N zG+N2 @GJ2JH JF N2LGJ,xKN2
#zyNGGN pp
Z/JPNFJ,xKN ^*,y-xKN PN- ?NLJ02-,H-z2HKNJ+ %*xHPN,xKNG *2P ZK-N+ ppv
NJ+
zJ prr [N prp [N prp [N pp A*2J$N/+ prp $N/+ pq zJ pqr
z,KJ2L+02 ]N2JP0-F 'KJGzPNG/KJz 'KJGzPNG/KJz ?0, ^2LNGN, @J2L,+0202#KzFN, !,+N-z, ?JP0 PJ $z)J0 ]N-GJ2 DGz,L0( $+zd0-P ^-Fz(J- "P$
%$q qs w ww u sq wv r vv sv j w
rt vt tu wtt wu t qr uv v wvp `
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s Z-G*+N-*2LN2 * xKNFJ,xKN2 'z-zFN+N-2 *2P * B2PJHz+0-/z-zFN+N-2
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Fz+N2 yN-NJ2 (0 !N-2PN-*2LN2 PN, !N-KzG+N2, *2P PN- zK-2NKF*2L zG, E0GLN 2zxKLNy*-+GJxKN- ]GNJyNGz,+*2LN2 ,xK02 zy p LG ]G*+ ,JL2JXHz2+ LN(0-PN2 ,J2P ]NJ @GNJ2HJ2PN-2 H22+N PN- ]G*+(N-+ 0yN-KzGy PN,,N2 yN-NJ+, Fz-LJ2zGN J-H*2LN2 z*M+-N+N2 ,0Lz- 20xK +JNMN- GJNLN2 J22NHN N+ zG ppn $xK(z-+ ppu [JN J- H*2L,,xK(NGGN (J-P KN*+N ,0Lz- 2JNP-JLN- )N-F*+N+ zG, PJN +z+,xKGJxKN Z/0,J+J02 FLGJxKN- %J,JH0L-*//N2 ZE$^ w ^G, yJ0xKNFJ,xKN2 >NxKz2J,F*, M- PJN 2N*-0+0J,xKN2 J-H*2LN2 PN, ]GNJ, )N- F*+N+ Fz2 N2+(NPN- NJ2N $xKPJL*2L PN- $2z/,N2=N*yJGP*2L NJ2N $xKPJL*2L PN- ]G*+CJ-2,xK-z2HN 0PN- z*xK NJ2N *2/K,J0G0LJ,xKN ^H+J)JN-*2L PN- '-0+NJ2HJ 2z,N \ NJ2NF -NL*Gz+0-J,xK (JxK+JLN2 Z2F JF DNKJ-2 0PN- )02 \zGF0P*GJ2 P*-xK 'yhh z2,+NGGN )02 \zhh D0GP,+NJ2 ppn \Kz0 N+ zG pqu $NGy,+ NJ2N ,NK- 2JNP-JLN Z/0,J+J02 PN, E+*, LNLN2yN- ]GNJ yN-NJ+, JF >*++N-GNJy H22+N PJN 20-FzGN Z2+ (JxHG*2L ,NJ2N, ,N-0+02N-LN2 $,+NF, *2P PJN ,/+N- )02 PJN,NF zyK2LJLN2 B2+NG GJLN2GNJ,+*2LN2 2zxK+NJGJL yNNJ2V*,,N2 #z2L N+ zG ppp [N- )N-NJ2JL+N Z/N-+N2z*,,xK*,, AZ\E^ )02 C< *2P E^< yN2z22+N GN++FzG, pqr NJ2N M- @J2PN- LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK P*GPyz-N ^*M2zKFNFN2LN z2 ]GNJ J2 CKN )02 vt LHL @-/N-Fz,,N @> *2P #zL zG,0 PJN CGM+N PN, M- NJ2N2 Z-(zxK,N2N2 20xK LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK P*GPyz-N2 ^*, JK- GNJ+N+N PJN C< C0-z+0-J*F )02 yJ, * t J2 0-+N2 M2MNK2 AzK-N2 LNMK-+ J22N-KzGy PN,,N2 PJN -NxK+,)N-yJ2PGJxKN "F,N+*2L PN, 2N*N2 D-N2(N-+N, M- ]GNJ ppq *LN,+z2PN2 (*-PN %JxK+JL J,+ NJ2N z2PN-N ]N0yzxK+*2Lo ^*M PN- B22N2(z2P )02 ]GNJ-0K-N2 yJGPN+ ,JxK ,NGy,+ Pz22 (N22 ,JN Kz-+N, z,,N- MK-N2 HNJ2N *,zFFN2K2LN2PN 0PNMN,+N @zGH,xKJxK+ BK- MNJ2(NJN- Fz2xKFzG P*-xK ZJ2,xKG*,, )02 ZJ,N2BBBCP -0JP z*xK y-*2GJxKN- ]NGzL yN,+NK+ ,+z++ PN,,N2 z*, yz,J,xKN2 ]GNJHz-y02z+N2 ]GNJ (NJ [N-N2 ?,GJxKHNJ+ yN,+JFF+ PN2 ]GNJLNKzG+ PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, ,0 Pz,, Mz,+ JFFN- z*M INPN2 EzGG zyN- 2zxK $+zL2z+J02,/N-J0PN2 PN- zy w wv LG+JLN D-N2(N-+ J2 CKN )02 LG 'y JF #-J2H(z,,N- yN-,xK-J++N2 (J-P [JN *P0,JN-*2L )02 'K0,/Kz+N2 JF z,,N-(N-H 0PN- zF z,,N-KGN- J2 DN y*PN2 J2 PN- ^22zKFN PJN (N2JLN- G,GJxKN2 ]GNJ/K0,/Kz+N K++N2 -NLNGFJL NJ2N "2+N-,xK-NJ+*2L PN, H0FFN2PN2 D-N2(N-+N, yNJF !N-y-z*xKN- *- E0GLN Hz22 yN,+N2MzGG, zG, =0+yNKNGM z2LN,NKN2 (N-PN2 PN22 ,JN J,+ +NxK2J,xK z2MGGJL *2P (J-H+ 2JxK+ *)N-G,,JL EzH+J,xK ,+NGG+ PN- IN++ N2PGJxK * N-(z-+N2PN D-N2(N-+ )02 LG 'y JF #-J2H(z,,N- NJ2 !N-y0+ PN- !N-(N2P*2L )02 ]GNJ-0K-N2 M- #-J2H (z,,N-(NxHN Pz- ^2LN,JxK+, PN- G2L,+ yNHz22+N2 #z+,zxKN Pz,, M- yN-KK+N ]GNJLNKzG+N PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, *2P JF ]G*+ ,NJ2N- @02,*FN2+N2 z*,,xKGJNGJxK ]GNJ -0K-N )N-z2+(0-+GJxK ,J2P K++N ,JxK PJN E-zLN 2zxK PN2 -JxK+JLN2 ^yKJGMNFz2zK FN2 PNF2zxK z*xK P*-xK NJ2 PJ-NH+N, !N-y0+ )02 #-J2H(z,,N--0K-N2 *2P ?0+N2 z*, PN2N2 ]GNJ J2 Pz, #-J2H(z,,N- yN-LNK+ yNz2+(0-+N2 Gz,,N2
s Z-G*+N-*2LN2 * xKNFJ,xKN2 'z-zFN+N-2 *2P * B2PJHz+0-/z-zFN+N-2
rup
po [0]0- H0FF+ J2 !N-yJ2P*2LN2 FJ+ $z*N-,+0d Mz,+ J2 PN- LN,zF+N2 "F(NG+ zG,0 z*xK J2 ?NyN2,FJ++NG2 *2P JF #-J2H(z,,N- )0- CzyN-N- ppsn ^yHN N+ zG ppr $NJ2 (JxK+JL,+N, 2z+-GJxKN, @0F/z-+JFN2+ ,J2P PJN N2,xKN2 N--NJxKN2 Hz22 J,+ PN- 'Vz2N2/MzP zF yNPN*+N2P,+N2 ]N,02PN-, K0KN @02N2+-z+J02N2 (N-PN2 J2 E-*xK+,M+N2 FJ+ yJ, v FLG ] *2P NJ2 FJ+ yJ, * qt FLG ] LNFN,,N2 ZJ2 P*-xK,xK2J++GJxKN- Z*-0 /N- 2JFF+ yJ, * ut FL ]0- /-0 #zL FJ+ PN- =zK-*2L z*M N,N2+GJxK KKN-N Z/0,J+J02N2 H22N2 P*-xK PN2 FNK- 0PN- (N2JLN- z*,,xKGJNGJxKN2 !N-NK- )02 %0KH0,+ y( /Vz2GJxKN- =zK-*2L *,+z2PN H0FFN2 ]N2PN-P0*- N+ zG ppq ]0-z+ (J-P z*, PN- ?*2LN *2P PNF >zLN2[z-F+-zH+ L*+ -N,0-yJN-+ yN- J2+zH+N Cz*+ PzLNLN2 Hz*F N,+N- N+ zG ppq z*MLN20FFN2 !N-yJ2P*2LN2 PN, ]0-, *2+N-GJNLN2 /-zH+J,xK HNJ2NF >N+zy0GJ,F*, ~yN- p; NJ2N- NJ2FzG )N-zy-NJxK+N2 [0,J, (N-PN2 FJ+ NJ2N- CzGy(N-+,NJ+ )02 xz wu $+*2PN2 *2)N-2PN-+ JF "-J2 z*, LN,xKJNPN2 ]NJ z2Pz*N-2PN- ]NGz,+*2L yJGPN+ ,JxK JF LN,zF+N2 z,,N-H0F/z-+J FN2+ zG,0 *2+N- ZJ2yNJNK*2L zGGN- 0,NFz22 ppu *2P N, )N-yN,,N-+ JF #JN-)N-,*xK yNJ ,*y+0J,xKN- [0,JN-*2L PN2 [-*xH(JPN-,+z2P )02 @20xKN2 \Kz /J2 N+ zG ppr 'z+K0G0LJ,xK K0KN 0-zGN ]NGz,+*2LN2 FJ+ ]0-z+ MK-N2 * ?N+Kz-LJN [N/-N,,J0 2N2 >J,,NF/X2P*2LN2 ^+zJN2 *2P ~yNGHNJ+ [JN >NK-zKG PN- J-H*2LN2 PJN z*, PNF ^-yNJ+,yN-NJxK yNHz22+ ,J2P LNKN2 zGGN-PJ2L, z*M %NJ(J-H*2LN2 2zxK B2 KzGz+J02 ]0-KzG+JLN- $+*yN *2P [F/MN *-xH $xKPGJxKN J-H*2LN2 z*M Pz, F22GJxKN %N/-0P*H+J02,,,+NF (*-PN2 NyN2MzGG, yN0yzxK+N+ BF #JN-)N-,*xK J,+ ]0-,*-N (NPN- Hz-J20LN2 20xK LN20+0J,xK [JN+N- >' ppu *- ^y,xK+yz-HNJ+ PN, Hz-J20LN2N2 '0+N2JzG, )02 ]0-,*-N *2P z2PN-N2 ]0-)N-yJ2P*2LN2 GJNLN2 (z- HNJ2N C*Fz2Pz+N2 )0- P0xK ,J2P ]N)GHN-*2L,L-*/ /N2 FJ+ yN,02PN-, K0KNF %J,JH0 PN- $xKPJL*2L P*-xK ]0- *2P ,NJ2N !N-yJ2P*2LN2 2JxK+ yNHz22+ B2 %z++N2 @* N+ zG ppvz >*,N2 EzJG N+ zG ppn CNJ2PNG N+ zG ppw *2P @z2J2xKN2 '-JxN N+ zG ppsy MK-+ ]0- * $+-*2LN2 PN- F22GJxKN2 %N/-0P*H +J02 ,0(JN * )0- *2P M-KN2 2zxKLNy*-+GJxKN2 Z2+(JxHG*2L,,+-*2LN2 ^2L-Jd, /*2H+N M- PJN $+-*2LN2 PN- F22GJxKN2 %N/-0P*H+J02,M*2H+J02N2 ,J2P (zK-
rt
]NM*2P *2P ]N(N-+*2L
,xKNJ2GJxK PJN [=^$2+KN,N (K-N2P PN- $/N-Fz+0LN2N,N *2P PN- Z2N-LJN,+0d (NxK,NG PN- $N-+0GJ,xKN2 $++NGGN2 J2 PN2 F22GJxKN2 @NJFP-,N2 #-NJ2N2 z2P \Kz/J2 ppn @* N+ zG ppvzy ^G, PN- NF/X2PGJxK,+N +0J,xKN Z2P/*2H+ Kz+ ,JxK J2 NJ2NF >NK-LN2N-z+J02N2 )N-,*xK FJ+ %z++N2 PJN J2+-z*+N-J2N DN(JxK+,N2+(JxHG*2L )02 E+N2 PN- EDN2N -z+J02 *2P Pz, )N-FNK-+N ^*M+-N+N2 PN- )N-H-+N2 %J//N v N-(JN,N2 [JN,N ZdNH+N +-z+N2 yNJ ,*yxK-02J,xK FJ+ ]0-,*-N yNGz,+N+N2 +-xK+JLN2 %z++N2 zy xz v FL ]0/-0 HL @> *2P #zL z*M ^G, =N+zy0GJ,F*, )02 ]0-,*-N [JN,N- (NJ+N #NJGMzH+0- Hz22 PN,KzGy HGNJ2N- zG, LN(KG+ (N-PN2 (NJG ]0-,*-N PJN NJ2JLN J2 PN- "F(NG+ )0-H0FFN2PN *2P N/0,J+J02,-NGN)z2+N E0-F PN, ]0-, )0F $*LN-0-Lz2J,F*, /-zH+J,xK 2JxK+ FN+zy0GJ,JN-+ ,02PN-2 J2 -NGz+J) H*-N- NJ+ Mz,+ )0GG,+2PJL *2P *2)N-2PN-+ z*,LN,xKJNPN2 (J-P [N- HGNJ2N J2 Pz, $HNGN++ )N-M-zxK+N+N ^2+NJG J,+ LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK J--NGN)z2+ [JN GNyN2,Gz2L +LGJxK P*GPyz-N #zLN,P0,J, #[B J2 CKN )02 v FLHL Y P N2+,/-JxK+ NJ2N- LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK GNyN2,Gz2L P*GPyz-N2 DN,zF+P0,J, )02 ]0- M- NJ2N rHL'N-,02 J2 CKN )02 w FL /-0 #zL N2+,/-NxKN2P w FL ]0-,*-N /-0 #zL *2P 'N-,02 [JN +z+,xKGJxKN ^*M2zKFN z2 ]0- yN+-L+ (JN N-(K2+ J2 Z*-0/z P*-xK,xK2J++ GJxK s yJ, ut FLP N2+,/-JxK+ zG,0 rs yJ, wu; PN- P*GPyz-N2 DN,zF+z*M2zKFN BF #-J2H(z,,N- PN- N-(zxK,N2N2 ]N)GHN-*2L [N*+,xKGz2P, yN+-*L pp PN- FJ++GN-N ]0-LNKzG+ wv LG yNJ NJ2NF >zJF*F )02 H2z// w FLG "]^ ppry ]NJ !N LN+z-JN-2 H22+N PN- ^*,,xK/M*2L,L-zP PN- #[B zGGN-PJ2L, (N,N2+GJxK KKN- GJNLN2 NyN2,0 yNJ [z*N-H02,*FN2+N2 )02 2z+-GJxKN2 >J2N-zG(,,N-2 FJ+ ]0-LNKzG+N2 )02 FLG *2P FNK- "2+N- *+NJG*2L )02 ; PN- P*GPyz-N2 +LGJxKN2 DN,zF+z*M2zKFN z*M w GP #-J2H(z,,N- N-KG+ Fz2 z*, PNF #[B )02 v FLHL Y P NJ2N2 LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 ?NJ+(N-+ M- ]0- J2 CKN )02 FLG N2+,/-NxKN2P tq FLG ]0-,*-N [NFLN LN2yN- yN+-L+ PN- 2N*N,+N LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN ?NJ+(N-+ PN- C< wq z*M PN-,NGyN2 [z+N2yz,J, zyN- N+(z, z2PN-N- ]N(N-+*2L t FLG ] f wp FLG ]0-,*-N [JN #-J2H(! Kz+ PN2 D-N2(N-+ z*M PJN wDJLN ^GG0Hz+J02 )02 FLG ] MN,+LN,N++
s Z-G*+N-*2LN2 * xKNFJ,xKN2 'z-zFN+N-2 *2P * B2PJHz+0-/z-zFN+N-2
rt
pn [-0Fw+ ]-0Fz+ ]-N2,xKN2 J2 PN2 pN-AzK-N2 J2 [N*+,xKGz2P N-K0yN2N ]NGz,+*2L,Pz+N2 H22+N2 z*M N-,+N /0,J+J)N
s Z-G*+N-*2LN2 * xKNFJ,xKN2 'z-zFN+N-2 *2P * B2PJHz+0-/z-zFN+N-2
rtv
^*,(J-H*2LN2 PN, -N,+-JH+J)N2 "FLz2L, FJ+ \PKzG+JLN2 >z+N-JzGJN2 ,xKGJNN2 Gz, ,N2 >zJ *2P CJ2-JxK, ppr [JN C< KG+ ,NJ+ prw z2 JK-NF '# B /-0)J,J02zG +0GN-zyGN (NNHG J2+zHN f )0-G*XL P*GPyz-N (xKN2+GJxKN ^*M2zKFN J2 CKN )02 t L 0xKN M- Z-(zxK ,N2N MN,+ N2+,/-JxK+ LHL Y P *GN++ (*-PN PJN,N- N-+ JF *,zFFN2Kz2L FJ+ PN- =N*Mz,,*2L JK-N- #-J2H(z,,N-GNJ+GJ2JN2 yNH-M+JL+ CN2,xKN2 2zxK 0-zGN- ^*M2zKFN Kz+ ,JxK ,NJ+ ^2Mz2L PN- pN- AzK-N PN*+GJxK )N-yN,,N-+ *2P J,+ KN*+N zG, L*+ yJ, ,NK- L*+ * yNNJxK2N2 [JN NF/X2PGJxK,+N2 'z-zFN+N- *- M-KNJ+JLN2 Z-HN22*2L PN- 2JN-N2,xKPJLN2 PN2 J-H*2L )02 \zPFJ*F ,J2P 2zxK PJN,N- ^*dz,,*2L PJN N-KK+N ^*,,xKNJP*2L PN, Z2F, =^xN+GDG*H0,zFJ2JPz,N =^D *2P PJNIN2JLN PN, yN-NJ+, N-(K2+N2 $xK(N-FN+zGGyJ2PN2PN2 '-0+NJ2, >N+zGG0+KJ02NJ2 ]NJPN 'z-zFN+N- H0--NGJN-N2 NyN2,0 (JN PJN yN-NJ+, yNHz22+N /z+K0G0LJ,xKN ^*,,xKNJP*2L )02 @w>JH-0LG0y*GJ2 JF "-J2 FJ+ PN- \zPFJ*F^*,,xKNJP*2L [JN ^*,,xKNJP*2L PN, B,0N2F, =^D] N-M0GL+ FLGJxKN-(NJ,N ,0Lz- 0K2N J-H*2L,,xK(NGGN ]N-2z-P N+ zG ppt *2P ,xK02 *2+N- PNF ZJ2V*,, PN, \PZJ2+-zL, z*, "FLNy*2LN2 PJN 0K2N PJN,N2 'z -zFN+N- 2JxK+ zG, H02+zFJ2JN-+77 yN(N-+yz- (-N2 zFz2zHz N+ zG ppqn JH-0LG0y*GJ2 ,J2P JK-N N-+N yN-NJ+, *2+N- PNF ZJ2V*,, NJ2N- +LGJxKN2 *M*K- )02 LHL Y P \P ?N+zy0GJ+ PN, \KG0-0M0-F, JF $*LN- yNJ ,NJ2N- Z2+,+NK*2L Pz, \+0xK-0F 'ut J2 NJ2N- $NGy,+ F0-P-NzH+J0277 J2zH+J)JN-+ [JN N/N-JFN2+NGGN Z-N*L*2L )02 ?NyN-+*F0-N2 JF #JN-)N-,*xK P*-xK \KG0-0M0-F 2zxK ,NJ2N- !N-zy-NJxK*2L /N- #-J2H(z,,N- J,+ yJ,KN2JxK+ LNG*2LN2 C-*PN wp [N- Z2P/*2H+ CN/z+0Hz-J20LN2J++77 (J-P JF >N2,xKN2 2zxK G2LN-M-J,+JLN]NGz,+*2L FJ+ FLFv \KG0-0M0-F yN- PJN ^+NF(NLN N2+,/-NxKN2P t FL HL Y P ?J+ PN- ]NL-2P*2L \KG0-0M0-F ,NJ 2JxK+ LN20+0J,xK (*- PN wq Pz)02 zyLN(JxKN2 ^*ML-*2P PN- @N22+2J,,N *- DN,zF+N/0,J+J02 PN, >N2,xKN2 LNLN2 \KG0-0M0-F N-,xKNJ2+ NJ2N *+NJG*2L )02 t; PN- +LGJxK GNyN2,
s Z-G*+N-*2LN2 * xKNFJ,xKN2 'z-zFN+N-2 *2P * B2PJHz+0-/z-zFN+N-2
rtt
Gz2L LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK P*GPyz-N2 DN,zF+P0,J, z*M w ?J+N- #-J2H(z,,N- /-0 #zL LN-NxK+ MN-+JL+ ^GG0Hz+J02,MzH+0- ^E f t *2P #zLN,)0G*FN2MzH+0- #!E f tn ,JNKN ^y,xK2 qv [zFJ+ N-LJy+ ,JxK NJ2 LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN- ?NJ+(N-+ )02 rt LG LN-*2PN+ w LG ]NJ J2KzGz+J)N- ]NGz,+*2L )02 ?zy0-+JN-N2 +-N+N2 z*xK $xKPN2 JF ]N-NJxK PN, $JNyyNJ2, z*M "2HGz- J,+ 0y N, ,JxK PzyNJ *F NJ2N ,,+NFJ,xKN J-H*2L Kz2PNG+ =*- (N22 PJN, ,0 (-N H22+N Fz2 z*xK M-zLN2 (NGxKN 0-zGN [0,J, J2 ]N*L z*M PJN,N2 Z2P/*2H+ zG, 20xK LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK ,JxKN- * yNNJxK2N2 (-N ZJ2 yN-,xKG LJLN- !N-LGNJxK PN- [0,JN-*2LN2 PJN 2zxK 0-zGN- ^*M2zKFN J2 ?NyN- *2P0PN- $JNy yNJ2 * zP)N-,N2 ZdNH+N2 MK-N2 NJL+ Pz,, yNJ ZJ2KzG+*2L y( "2+N-,xK-NJ+*2L PN- J2 PN- ?NyN- 20xK 2JxK+ (J-H,zFN2 [0,J, JF #JN-)N-,*xK z*xK HNJ2N !N-2PN -*2LN2 JF $JNyyNJ2 * N-(z-+N2 ,J2P ZJHFz22 N+ zG ppq [z, PNF N2+-zGN2 ]N-NJxK PN, $JNyyNJ2, z*VJNLN2PN 0GMzH+0-J,xKN Z/J+KNG %JNxK0-Lz2 (J-P JF #JN- )N-,*xK P*-xK \KG0-0M0-F 2zxK(NJ,GJxK 2JxK+ LN,xKPJL+ BF !0-PN-L-*2P 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rsw
]NM*2P *2P ]N(N-+*2L
,xKN2 =+GJxKHNJ+ *2P DJM+JLHNJ+ GJNLN2 yNJ PJN,NF $/*-N2NGNFN2+ ,NK- N2L *,zF FN2 [*-xK NJ2N LNNJL2N+N >*2PKLJN2N Hz22 @z-JN, FJ+ L-0NF Z-M0GL *2P (NJ+z*, LN-J2LN-NF DN,*2PKNJ+,-J,JH0 zG, yN- PJN #-J2H(z,,N-V*0-JPJN-*2L yNHF/M+ (N- PN2
pr @*/MN@*/MN- JF #-J2H(z,,N- ,+zFF+ *F L-+N2 #NJG z*, @*/MN--0K-N2 PJN )0- zGGNF J2 PN- Cz*,J2,+zGGz+J02 yNJ sr; PN- PN*+,xKN2 Cz*,KzG+N *F ZJ2,z+ H0FFN2 [JN xKNFJ,xKN ]N,xKzdN2KNJ+ PN, z,,N-, yN,+JFF+ (JN )JNG @*/MN- z*, PNF ?NJ +*2L,Fz+N-JzG KN-z*,LNG,+ (J-P ,JNKN ^y,xK2 vw *2P vv [N- (NJ+N "F(NG+ ,*-)N "]^ ppry NJL+N Pz,, -*2P t; PN- ]N)GHN-*2L FJ+ ~yN-,xK-NJ+*2LN2 PN, $+zL2z+J02,-JxK+(N-+N, )02 v FLG \* #-J2H(! zG+N- Ez,,*2L * -NxK2N2 Kz++N [z, J,+ )0- zGGNF PN,KzGy )02 B2+N-N,,N (NJG yNJF @*/MN- K2GJxK (JN yNJ Fz2xKN2 z2PN-N2 N,,N2JNGGN2 $/*-N2NGNFN2+N2 PN- ^y,+z2P (J,xKN2 PN- 20+(N2PJLN2 ^*M 2zKFN P*-xK NJ2N2 >N2,xKN2 *2P PN- +0J,xK (J-HN2PN2 >N2LN LN-J2L J,+ %N/-,N2+z+J)N [z+N2 yN- Pz, !0-H0FFN2 )02 @*/MN- J2 %0K(,,N-2 *2P JF #-J2H(z,,N- zy z,,N-(N-H GJNLN2 2JxK+ )0- B2 PN2 FNJ,+N2 D-*2P(,,N-2 [N*+,xK Gz2P, J,+ FJ+ N-+N2 *F w LG \* t /N-N2+JG * -NxK2N2 2*- J2 D-*2P(,,N-2 z*, $xKJNMN-LN,+NJ2,xKJxK+N2 (N-PN2 K*XL N-+N *F LG 0PN- FNK- yN0yzxK+N+ B2 z2+K-0/0LN2 yNNJ2V*,,+N2 ,,N-2 w LG \* H22N2 J2 ^2(N,N2KNJ+ G, GJxKN- ,+z-H F0yJGN- \*C*FJ2,+0dH0F/GNN z*xK 20xK KKN-N @02N2+-z+J02N2 N--NJxK+ (N-PN2 $xKGNN- *2P @N-2P0-d ppw @*/MN- J,+ NJ2 M- PN2 $*LN-0-Lz2J,F*, N,,N2JNGGN, $/*-N2NGNFN2+ Z, J,+ \0 EzH+0- zKG-NJxKN- Z2FN PJN %NP0!0-L2LN Hz+zG,JN-N2 *F ]NJ,/JNG JF ZJ,N2,+0d(NxK,NG yNJ PN- $2+KN,N PN, CF0LG0yJ2, [JN KxK,+N @02N2+-z+J02 z2 @*/MN- X2PN+ ,JxK J2 PN- ?NyN- LNM0GL+ )02 yN,+JFF+N2 ]N-NJxKN2 PN, N2+-zG 2N-)N2,,+NF, ]-0(2 N+ zG w [N- +LGJxKN >J2PN,+yNPz-M PN, Z-(zxK,N2N2 z2 @*/MN- GJNL+ yNJ w LHL PN- IN2JLN )02 $*LGJ2LN2 yNJ t LHL @-/N-Fz,,N [JN z2Lz2J,F*, >02+L0FN- ppt [N- $xK*+ PN, DNKJ-2, )0- yN-KK+N2 >z2Lz2^*M2zKFN2 (J-P P*-xK PN2 'GN*, xK0-0JPN*, PN- PJN N-N y-0,/J2zGN EG,,JLHNJ+ /-0P*JN-+ LN(K-GNJ,+N+ B2LN-,0GG N+ zG ppt [JN $xK(NGGN MPJN 2N*-0+0J,xKN J-H*2L )02 >z2Lz2 JF >N2,xKN2 yNJ J2KzGz+J)N- ]NGz,+*2L P-M+N (N2JLN- zG, FLHL @-/N-Fz,,N *2P #zL yN+-zLN2 >N-LGN- N+ zG ppun z2L N+ zG pqp $JN GLN PzFJ+ PN*+GJxK +JNMN- zG, PJN J-H*2L,,xK(NGGN M- )N-,xKJNPN2N z*xK 2JxK+ 2N*-0+0J,xKN Z2P/*2H+N )02 >z2Lz2 yNJ 0-zGN- ]NGz,+*2L M- PJN z*, #JN-)N- ,*xKN2 NJ2 N-+ )02 xz FLHL Y P zyLN,xK++ (N-PN2 Hz22 [JN+N- wvx $NJ2N KKN-N #0JJ++ 2zxK B2KzGz+J02 ,0GG P*-xK Pz, ~yN-,/-J2LN2 PN- ]G*+CJ-2,xK-z2HN *2+N- ^*,,xKzG+*2L PN- EJG+N-M*2H+J02 PN, 'GN*, xK0-0JPN*, *,+z2PN H0FFN2
s Z-G*+N-*2LN2 * xKNFJ,xKN2 'z-zFN+N-2 *2P * B2PJHz+0-/z-zFN+N-2
rst
E- Z-(zxK,N2N J,+ PN,KzGy NJ2N @02N2+-z+J02 )02 FLG >2 JF #-J2H(z,,NzG, GNyN2,Gz2L LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK ,JxKN- * (N-+N2 E- $*LGJ2LN LJG+ (NLN2 PN- KKN-N2 %N,0-/+J02 )02 >2$/NJN, *2P ,NJ2N- z*,LN/-L+N2 z*M Pz, DNKJ-2 LN-JxK+N+N2 2LN,zF+
pp =J+-w+ =J+-J+ *2P \FF02J*F g =J+-z+ =z,+zy N-,+ ,NJ+ PN2 ptN-AzK-N2 * NJ2NF '-0yGNF M- Pz, #-J2H(z,,N- LN(0-PN2 )02 )N-NJ2NG+N2 *2FJ++NGyz-N2 @02+zFJ2z+J02N2 P*-xK DGGN ^y(z,,N-GNJ+*2LN2 *2P $JxHN-L-*yN2 zyLN,NKN2 =J+-J+ *2P ^FF0 2J*F JF #-J2H(z,,N- LNG+N2 J2 ,0GxKN2 EGGN2 z*xK zG, EHzGJ2PJHz+0-N2 BK- D-N2 (N-+ M- #-J2H(z,,N- J,+ z*M PJN,N E*2H+J02 zyLN,+JFF+ "2zyK2LJL )02 PN- E0-F PN- $+JxH,+0d)N-yJ2P*2L (0yNJ Cz-2,+0d FJ+ NJ2 *yNJNKN2 J,+ J,+ J2 zN-0yN2 D-*2P(z,,N-GNJ+N-2 *2P J2 JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 * $+JxH ,+0d PN2J+-JXJN-+ *2P (z- ,0 Gz2LN (JN LN2LN2P 0-Lz2J,xKN !N-yJ2P*2LN2 )0- Kz2PN2 ,J2P PJN 0JPJN-+ (N-PN2 H22N2 %KNJ2KNJFN- N+ zG pqq ENKGN2 LNNJL2N+N 0-Lz2J,xKN !N-yJ2P*2LN2 ,0 (N-PN2 z20-Lz2J,xKN $+0dN ] '-J+ EN$w P*-xK #KJ0yzxJGG*, PN2J+-JXxz2, 0JPJN-+ @GGN N+ zG pqv [zyNJ H22N2 N+-NFN ZJ,N2 LNKzG+N yJ, yN- t FLG EN *2P $*GMz+LNKzG+N yJ, yN- t FLG $*2PKKGN *2P )0- zGGNF JF >zLN2 PN- yNJF I*2LN2 $*LGJ2L (NLN2 PN- 20xK 2JxK+ )0GG N2+(JxHNG+N2 >zLN2,*-N/-0P*H+J02 GNJxK+ )02 Z2+N-J+J,N--NLN-2 yN,JNPNG+ (N-PN2 Hz22 NJ+N-N yNL2,+JLN2PN EzH+0-N2 ,J2P J2 PJN,NF *,zFFN2Kz2L PJN )N-LGNJxK,(NJ,N KKN-N ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ PN, *F #NJG 20xK )0-Kz2PN2N2 MN+zGN2 CF0LG0yJ2, JF ]G*+ *2P PJN 20xK 2JxK+ )0GG,+2PJL N2+(JxHNG+N >N+KF0LG0yJ2-NP*H+z,N [z, >N+KF0LG0yJ2 >N+Cy *2+N-,xKNJPN+ ,JxK )0F CF0LG0yJ2 PzP*-xK Pz,, Pz, N2+-zGN ZJ,N2z+0F JF CFF0GNHG ,+z++ (NJ(N-+JL P-NJ(N-+JL J,+ B2 PJN,N- xKNFJ,xKN2 E0-F Hz22 HNJ2 $z*N-,+0d z2 Pz, CF0LG0yJ2 LNy*2PN2 *2P )02 PN- ?*2LN J2 PJN DN(NyN +-z2,/0-+JN-+ (N-PN2 N22 PN- ^2+NJG PN, >N+Cy zF DN,zF+Cy z*M yN- t; ,+NJL+ Hz22 Fz2 yNJ PN2 yN+-0dN2N2 'N-,02N2 NJ2N yG*GJxKN !N-M-y*2L PN- Cz*+ (zK-2NKFN2 $xK02 M-K (*-PN yN0yzxK+N+ Pz,, ,xK(N-N !N-G*MN PN- Z-H-z2H*2L Mz,+ JFFN- FJ+ NJ2N- LGNJxK NJ+JL yN,+NKN2PN2 >zLN2[z-FB2MNH+J02 ]-NxKP*-xKMGGN Z-2K-*2L,,+-*2 LN277 PN, I*2LN2 $*LGJ2L, NJ2KN- LJ2LN2 [JN Z2+PNxH*2L Pz,, PN- >N2,xK *2+N- yN,+JFF+N2 "F,+2PN2 ,NGy,+ =J+-z+ ,2+KN+J,JN-+ *2P Pz,, PJN,N $2+KN,NGNJ,+*2L P*-xK N2+2PGJxKN Z-H-z2H*2LN2 PN, >zLN2[z-F@z2zG, )0-yN-LNKN2P *F NJ2 !JNGMzxKN, LN,+NJLN-+ (N-PN2 Hz22 FzxK+N PJN,N ]N0yzxK+*2L )N-,+2PGJxK [zFJ+ )N-y*2PN2 (z- PJN Z-HN22+2J, Pz,, PJN N0LN2N =J+-z+yNGz,+*2L 2JxK+ 0PN- 2*- z*,2zKF,(NJ,N PJN NJLN2+GJxKN "-,zxKN M- PJN >N+KF0LG0yJ2FJN )02 $*LGJ2LN2 Pz-,+NGG+ [z, J,+ )JNGFNK- J2 PN- %NLNG NJ2N N2+2PGJxKN >zLN2[z-FZ-H-z2H*2L [JN KJ2*H0FFN2PN N0LN2N =J+-z+ yNGz,+*2L J,+ PzLNLN2 J2 NJ2N- ^2zKG )02 EGGN2 PN- ^*,G,N- NJ2N- P-zFz+J,xKN2 !N-,xKGNxK+N-*2L PN, DN,*2PKNJ+,*,+z2PN, yNJ NJ2N- ,xK02 yN,+NKN2PN2 [*-xKMzGG N-H-z2H*2L FJ+ NJ2N- ?N+zGJ++ )02 -*2P ; LN(N,N2 ?zxKKNJ2 N+ zG psn C0-2 pswn $z++NGFzxKN- pswpsv
rsq
]NM*2P *2P ]N(N-+*2L
]NJ PN2 KN*+JLN2 KLJN2J,xKN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 *2P z*ML-*2P PN- ,NK- )JNG J2+N2,J )N-N2 FNPJJ2J,xKN2 ]N+-N**2L P-M+N PJN Z-H-z2H*2L ,NK- )JNG ,NG+N2N- z*M+-N+N2 *2P z*M D-*2P )N-2PN-+N- B2PJHz+J02,,+NGG*2L *- @GJ2JHNJ2(NJ,*2L $*LGJ2LN FJ+ ,0GxKN2 Z-H-z2H*2LN2 (N-PN2 KN*+N FNJ,+ ,+z+J02- yNKz2PNG+ yN,,N-N- PJzL20 ,+J,xKN- !0-z*,,N+*2LN2 *2P PN- N20-F )N-yN,,N-+N2 >LGJxKHNJ+N2 PN- B2+N2,J) FNPJJ2 z*xK (N2JLN- yNP-0KGJxK ,NJ2 CJN-P*-xK Hz22 NJ2N-,NJ+, MN,+LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2 Pz,, NJ2N =J+-z+]NGz,+*2L PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, yJ, * t FLG =N+Cy]JGP*2L yNJ $*LGJ2LN2 Pz-,+NGG+ ^2PN-N-,NJ+, J,+ N, zyN- *2yNPJ2L+ -z+,zF yNJ D-N2(N-+yN-,xK-NJ+*2LN2 ZG+N-2 )02 $*LGJ2LN2 * (z-2N2 *2P 2J+-z+z-FN, #-J2H(z,,N- M- PJN $*LGJ2L, 2zK-*2L *- !N-ML*2L * ,+NGGN2 ^*M INPN2 EzGG ,J2P @J2PN--+N J2 PJN /-0/K GzH+J,xKN2 >z2zKFN2 NJ2*yNJNKN2 *- @z-J20LN2J++ )02 =J+-z+ y( z*, PJN,NF JF >zLN2 LNyJGPN+N2 =J+-J+ J,+ MN,+*,+NGGN2 Pz,, =J+-J+ JF FN2,xKGJxKN2 >zLN2 FJ+ 2J+-0,JN-yz-N2 $*y,+z2N2 * ==J+-0,0!N-yJ2P*2LN2 -NzLJN-+ E- NJ2N %NJKN PJN,N- $+0dN (*-PN NJ2N ^,,0 Jz+J02 * )N-,xKJNPN2N2 @-Ny,+/N2 2zxKLN(JN,N2 )0- zGGNF (N22 PJN Z/0,J+J02 J2 M-KN2 ?NyN2,IzK-N2 yNLJ22+ *2P yN- NJ2N2 Gz2LN2 NJ+-z*F z2KG+ '-N*,,Fz22 pqu [JN ,JF*G+z2N ]NGz,+*2L FJ+ PN2 !0-G*MN-2 =J+-z+ y( =J+-J+ ,0(JN FJ+ 2J+-0,JN-yz-N2 $*y,+z2N2 MK-+ * NJ2N- )N-FNK-+N2 ]JGP*2L )02 ==J+-0,zFJ2N2 JF >zLN2 BF DNLN2,z+ * PJN,N2 L*+ )N-,+z2PN2N2 *2P yN(JN,N2N2 !0-L2LN2 Hz22 INP0xK z*, PN2 yJ, KN*+N )0-GJNLN2PN2 N/JPNFJ0G0LJ,xKN2 $+*PJN2 NJ2 *,zFFN2Kz2L (J ,xKN2 PN- N0LN2N2 ]NGz,+*2L )02 >N2,xKN2 FJ+ =J+-z+ *2P 2J+-0,JN-yz-N2 $*y ,+z2N2 *2P PN- Z2+,+NK*2L yN,+JFF+N- DN,xK(*G,+z-+N2 2*- )N-F*+N+ (N-PN2 $+NJ2P0-M ppu B2 NJ2JLN2 $+*PJN2 (*-PN ,0Lz- NJ2 ,xK+N2PN- ZdNH+ PN, =J+-z+N, LNM*2PN2 ZJ2N 2zKNGJNLN2PN Z-HG-*2L M- PJN,N2 )N-F*+GJxK 2*- ,xKNJ2yz-N2 J PN-,/-*xK H22+N Pz-J2 GJNLN2 Pz,, J2 PN2 $+*PJN2 NJ2N K0KN =J+-z+yNGz,+*2L )0zGGNF FJ+ NJ2NF K0KN2 DNF,NH02,*F )N-y*2PN2 (z- DNF,N Kz+ INP0xK z*ML-*2P (NJ+N-N- B2KzG+,,+0dN NJ2N2 )0- PN- @-Ny,N2+,+NK*2L ,xK+N2PN2 ZdNH+ !N-z2+ (0-+GJxK PzM- ,J2P 2zxK KN*+JLN- >NJ2*2L !J+zFJ2N ^ \ Z \z-0+J20JPN (NJ+N-N 'K+0xKNFJHzGJN2 *2P $NGN2 Zz,+(00P ppp NJ+N- J,+ * yNPN2HN2 Pz,, @-Ny, N-H-z2H*2LN2 z*M F*G+JHz*,zGNF NL *,+z2PN H0FFN2 *2P >N2,xKN2 PJN )JNG DNF,N )N-NK-N2 FNJ,+ yN,02PN-, LN,*2PKNJ+,yN(*,,+ GNyN2 ,0 Pz,, z*xK (NJ+N-N !0-z*,,N+*2LN2 M- PJN @-Ny,N2+,+NK*2L )N-2PN-+ ,J2P [N*+GJxKN- ,xKNJ2+ NJ2 @z-J20LN2J++,-J,JH0 J2 !N-yJ2P*2L FJ+ PN- Z/0,J+J02 LNLN2 =J+-z+ JF #-J2H(z,,N- *2P J2 PN- =zK-*2L M- >N2,xKN2 FJ+ )N-FJ2PN-+N0PN- MNKGN2PN- >zLN2,*-NyJGP*2L * ,NJ2 [zM- ,/-NxKN2 PJN %N,*G+z+N N/JPNFJ0 G0LJ,xKN- $+*PJN2 Z\Z#z2LNG 2JxK+ H0F/N2,JN-+ M0GL+ PJN $+NJ LN-*2L PN- #-z2,/0-+Hz/zJ++ P*-xK !N-L-N-*2L *2P =N*yJGP*2L )02 $xKJGPP-
s Z-G*+N-*2LN2 * xKNFJ,xKN2 'z-zFN+N-2 *2P * B2PJHz+0-/z-zFN+N-2
rsp
,N2NGGN2 J-P PN- A0PFz2LNG Pz22 20xK 2JxK+ )0GG,+2PJL z*,LNLGJxKN2 H0FF+ N, * A0PFz2LNG,xKPN2 *2+N- z2PN-NF $+-*2L PN- DNKJ-2N2+(JxHG*2L PJN J2, yN,02PN-N yNJ @J2PN-2 *2P A*LN2PGJxKN2 INPN2 ^G+N-, yNJ *2LNy0-N2NF ?NyN2 EN +N2 $xK(z2LN-N2 *2P E-z*N2 zGGLNFNJ2 ,NK- H-J+J,xK * yN(N-+N2 ,J2P *2P N, N2+,+NK+ zG, ,JxK+yz-N, NJxKN2 K*XL NJ2 FNK- 0PN- (N2JLN- z*,LN/-L+N- @-0/M ]N,+NKN2 NJ2 zGJFN2+-N- A0PFz2LNG *2P NJ2N K0KN =J+-z+yNGz,+*2L LGNJxKNJ+JL +-N +N2 A0PFz2LNG,xKPN2 ,NK- )JNG K*XLN- z*M (z, J2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 $+*PJN2 LNNJL+ (N-PN2 H022+N C-J2L N+ zG ppn C-J2L ppwn )z2 >zz2N2 ppu ^*, PNF @02H*--N2FNxKz2J,F*, (J,xKN2 A0PJP *2P =J+-z+ *2P PN- #0JH0HJ2N+JH PN, =J +-z+N, Hz22 K2GJxK (JN M- PJN =J+-0,zFJ2yJGP*2L zyLNGNJ+N+ (N-PN2 Pz,, PJN CKN PN- NJ2NG2N2 =J+-z+P0,J, yNJ .*J)zGN2+N2 DN,zF+yNGz,+*2LN2 * NJ2N- ZdNH+)N- ,+-H*2L MK-+ J-P =J+-z+ FJ+ PNF #-J2H(z,,N- z,,N- z*, #-J2H(z,,N- KN-LN ,+NGG+N, DN+-2H z*MLN20FFN2 H22N2 J2 H*-N- NJ+ )N-LGNJxK,(NJ,N K0KN =J +-z+FN2LN2 )0F >zLN2[z-F@z2zG -N,0-yJN-+ (N-PN2 E- ,NK- )JNGN >N2,xKN2 J2 [N*+,xKGz2P yN,+NK+ +-0+ zKG-NJxKN- >z2zKFN2 z*xK KN*+N 20xK NJ2 zGJFN2 +-N- A0PFz2LNG *2P PzFJ+ JF EzGGN PN- =J+-z+yNGz,+*2L z*xK NJ2 N-KK+N DNMK- P*2L M- A0PFz2LNGH-z2HKNJ+N2 ]NJ D-N2(N-+yN-,xK-NJ+*2LN2 PN, 'z-zFN+N-, =J+-z+ J,+ *2yNPJ2L+ z*M PJN zGJFN2+-N A0P)N-,0-L*2L PN- yN+-0dN2N2 ]N)GHN -*2L * zxK+N2 =J+-z+ J,+ 2*- NJ2N NJ2N- Lz2N2 %NJKN )02 z2+J+K-N0JPzGN2 $*y ,+z2N2 DNLN2 NJ2JLN PJN,N- $+0dN ,J2P >N2,xKN2 *2+N- yN,+JFF+N2 !0-z*,,N+ *2LN2 z*xK N/02JN-+ "2+N- z2PN-NF PN,KzGy yGNJy+ PJN Z-KK*2L PN- zGJFN2+ -N2 A0P)N-,0-L*2L PJN (JxK+JL,+N !0-yN*L*2L,Fz2zKFN LNLN2 PJN N2PNFJ,xKN2 A0PFz2LNGH-z2HKNJ+N2 NJ2,xKGJNGJxK PN, @-0/MN, ^*xK yNJ PN- @0,+N2=*+N2 ^y(L*2L *2P yNJ PN- N-M0-PN-GJxKN2 NJ+,/z22N )0F ]NLJ22 PN- >z2zKFN yJ, *F ZJ2+-J++ PN, ZdNH+N, ,xK2NJPN+ KJ2,JxK+GJxK PN- A0PFz2LNGH-z2HKNJ+N2 PJN Z- KK*2L PN, A0PLNKzG+N, PN- ?NyN2,FJ++NG (NJ+z*, yN,,N- zy zG, PJN ^y,N2H*2L PN=J+-z+yNGz,+*2L [JN yJ,KN- LN,xKJGPN-+N2 LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 ^*,(J-H*2LN2 )02 N-KK+N2 =J+-z+(N- +N2 N-,xK(N-N2 *2LNFNJ2 PJN ^yGNJ+*2L NJ2N, LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK *2yNPN2HGJxKN2 N-+N, PN- (K-N2P PN- $z2JN-*2L,Fz2zKFN2 yNJ D-N2(N-+yN-,xK-NJ+*2LN2 2JxK+ yN- ,xK-J++N2 (N-PN2 Pz-M CJN- Hz22 2*- PN- @02,N2, *2+N- EzxKGN*+N2 (NJ+N-KNGMN2 [N- ^[B N-+ CN2,xKN2 @-Ny, z*, BF ^GGLNFNJ2N2 (J-HN2 PJN '^@ *2xK,+ z*M Pz, /-JF-N @02+zH+0-Lz2 Hz-J20LN2 P K 2zxK J2KzGz+J)N- ]NGz,+*2L N-N*LN2 ,JN =N0/Gz,JN2 JF ^+NF+-zH+ NJ2N PN-FzGN Z/0,J+J02 MK-+ yN-(JNLN2P * Cz*+Hz-J20FN2 (NJG PJN,N DN(NyN yN- PJN FN+zy0GJ,xKN @0F/N+N2 *- "F(z2PG*2L PN- '^@ J2 Pz, *G+JFz+J)N @z2 N-0LN2 )N-MLN2 >N+zy0GJ+N PJN J2 PN- ?NyN- LNyJGPN+ (0-PN2 ,J2P H22N2 FJ+ PNF ]G*+,+-0F zyN- z*xK z2PN-N J-H0-+N JF @-/N- N--NJxKN2 [N- zF yN,+N2 *2+N-,*xK+N '^@ J,+ Pz, ]N20z_/-N2 $NJ2N @z2N-0LN2J++ J,+ z2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 #JN-F0PNGGN2 *2P yNJ *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN2 ^//GJHz+J02N2 NJ2,xKGJN GJxK PN- 0-zGN2 ^*M2zKFN JFFN- (JNPN- yN,++JL+ (0-PN2 [z2NyN2 J,+ z*xK M]N20z2+K-zxN2_ [JyN20zK_z2+K-zxN2 *2P M- '^@DNFJ,xKN NJ2N Hz2N-0LN2N J-H*2L 2zxK 0-zGN- ]NGz,+*2L yNGNL+ \*G/ N+ zG ppqn CzJN- N+ zG w J2, yN,02PN-N (N22 PJN '^@ z*, PN- #NN-,xKJxK+ P*-xK [-*xH,+N "FHNK- PN- EGJN -JxK+*2L 0PN- P*-xK !N-2PN-*2L PN- ]J0XGFN PJN ,JxK z*M PN2 %0K-(z2P*2LN2 z*,LNyJGPN+ LzyN2 M-NJLN,N++ (N-PN2 JN Z-MzK-*2LN2 J2 @z-G,-*KN LNNJL+ KzyN2 J,+ N, )02 ]NPN*+*2L 0y PJN zPz/+JN-+N2 ]J0XGFN P*-xK ZJ2,/NJ,*2L )02 LNxKG0-+NF z,,N- J2 NJ2 !N-,0-L*2L,2N+ Pz, 0K2N \KG0-*2L z*,H0FF+ LN,+-+ (N-PN2 B2 NJ2NF ,0GxKN2 EzGG (N-PN2 2FGJxK PJN '^@ z*, PN- #NN-,xKJxK+ 2JxK+ FNK- * -xHLNKzG+N2 EzJ+ J,+ Pz,, PJN zG+N2 #NN-,xKJxK+N2 N2+MN-2+ 0PN- P*-xK NFN2+ F-+NG yN-PNxH+ (N-PN2 F,,N2 *F NJ2N )N-FNJPyz-N ]NGz,+*2L PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, FJ+ '^@ * yNN2PN2
rrs
]NM*2P *2P ]N(N-+*2L
pt $NGN2 [JN C< pps yN-JxK+N+ yN- >N,,(N-+N z2 $NGN2 JF D-*2P(z,,N- (J,xKN2 s *2P u LG $N J2 NJ2JLN2 %NLJ02N2 yJ, * s LG $N B2 ?NJ+*2L,(z,,N- GJNLN2 PJN N-+N J2 PN- %NLNG *2+N- LG B2 NJ2N- FJ+ $NGN2 yNGz,+N+N2 %NLJ02 \KJ2z, ,J2P (J,xKN2 t *2P s LG $N LNM*2PN2 (0-PN2 B2 [N*+,xKGz2P ,xKNJ2+ $NGN2 JF #-J2H(z,,N- Hz*F NJ2N %0GGN * ,/JNGN2 Z-MzK -*2LN2 NJLN2 INP0xK Pz,, J2 ]N-Lyz*LNyJN+N2 yNJ PN- !N-(N2P*2L )02 %0K(z,,Nz*, $+0GGN2 z*M PN2 $NGN2LNKzG+ LNzxK+N+ (N-PN2 ,0GG+N $NGN2 LNK-+ NJ2N-,NJ+, * PN2 N,,N2JNGGN2 $/*-N2NGNFN2+N2 J,+ zyN- z2PN-,NJ+, ,NK- +0J,xK Z, J,+ ]N,+z2P+NJG )02 DG*+z+KJ02'N-0JPz,N2 (NJ+N-N2 Z2FN2 *2P )02 $NGN20/-0+NJ2N2 >J+ $NGN2Fz2LNG (N-PN2 (NJ @-z2HKNJ+N2 J2 !N-yJ2P*2L LN y-zxK+ ]NJ PN- NJ2N2 Kz2PNG+ N, ,JxK *F NJ2N Z-H-z2H*2L PN, CN-F*,HNG, NJ2N F*G+JM0HzGN >0Hz-PJ+J, )02 @J2PN-2 JF ^G+N- (J,xKN2 w *2P AzK-N2 *2P E-z*N2 JF LNy-MKJLN2 ^G+N- PJN *N-,+ J2 \KJ2z N2+PNxH+ (*-PN *2P 2zxK PNF ]NJ-H J2 PNF ,JN LNM*2PN2 (0-PN2 J,+ zG, @N,Kz2[J,Nz,N yNHz22+ LN(0-PN2 J,+ [JN /-0 /KGzH+J,xKN DzyN )02 $NGN2 Kz+ PJN Z-H-z2H*2L J2 PN2 yN+-0dN2N2 DNyJN+N2 Mz,+ *F !N-,xK(J2PN2 LNy-zxK+ E- PJN (NJ+N Z-H-z2H*2L (J-P PN- *,zFFN2Kz2L *F $NGN2Fz2LNG 2*- )N-F*+N+ Z, Kz2PNG+ ,JxK *F NJ2N Z-H-z2H*2L PN, $HNGN++, Z, H0FF+ * $xK(NGG*2LN2 PN- DNGN2HN *2P * )N-H-+N2 EJ2LN-2 NKN2 ^-FN2 *2P ]NJ2N2 [JN @-z2HKNJ+ J,+ 2zxK JK-N2 -*,,J,xKN2 Z2+PNxHN-2 zG, @z,xKJ2]NxH [J,Nz,N yNHz22+ [JN CKN PN, +LGJxKN2 ]NPz-M, z2 $NGN2 J,+ *F,+-J++N2 [N- >J2PN,+yNPz-M ,0GG IN @JG0L-zFF @-/N-LN(JxK+ M- @J2PN- yNJ r M- Z-(zxK,N2N yNJ p L $NGN2 GJNLN2 ^202F*, ppp E- $*LGJ2LN (N-PN2 +LGJxK yJ, t L M- Z-(zxK,N2N u yJ, tt L NF/M0KGN2 ^2PN-N NF/MNKGN2 twt L ^*xK PJN !N-+NJG*2L PN, $NGN2, JF JGxK/-0P*H+N2 LNPNxH+ Czz, ppu [JN ^*M2zKFN PN, $NGN2, J,+ )0F IN(NJGJLN2 $NGN2,+z+*, zyK2LJL *2P N-M0GL+ J2 E0-F )02 $NGN20/-0+NJ2N2 $NGN2J+N2 *2P $NGN2z+N2 [N- $NGN2,+z+*, ,NGy,+ J,+ J2 PJ)JP*NGG ,NK- *2+N-,xKJNPGJxK ^G+N- DN,xKGNxK+ @-/N-LN(JxK+ ?NyN2,,+JG *2P (NJ +N-N PJ,/02JN-N2PN EzH+0-N2 ,/JNGN2 NJ2N %0GGN ~yN-,xK,,JLN, $NGN2 (J-P J2 E0-F PN, #-JFN+KG,NGN2@z+J02, FJ+ PNF "-J2 *2P zG, [JFN+KG,NGN2JP yN- Cz*+ *2P ?*2LN2 z*,LN,xKJNPN2 ]NJ ^*,,xKNJP*2L,FN2LN2 yJ, * w L FJ+ PNF "-J2 ,J2P yNJ >N2,xKN2 HNJ2N +0J,xKN2 ZdNH+N yN0yzxK+N+ (0-PN2 >J+ +PGJxKN2 E0GLN2 F*,, yNJ PN- ^*M2zKFN zy t L LN-NxK2N+ (N-PN2 [JN ZJ22zKFN ,NGN2KzG+JLN- #zyGN++N2 FJ+ wr yJ, v FL $NGN2 MK-+N * ~yNGHNJ+ Z-y-NxKN2 *2P $xKPN2 z2 EJ2LN-2LNG2 *2P ]NKzz-*2L * >PJLHNJ+ %NJyz-HNJ+ ]z*xKH-F/MN2 [*-xKMzGG *2P >J,,NF/X2P*2LN2 ZJ2N EzFJGJN PJN v >02z+N Gz2L ,NGN2KzG+JLN, #-J2H(z,,N- p FLG )N-(N2PN+N GJ++ z2 ,0GxKN2 $F/+0FN2 Z, LJy+ ^2KzG+,/*2H+N PzM- Pz,, NJ2N zP.*z+N $NGN2z*M2zKFN FJ+ PN- =zK-*2L )0- yN,+JFF+N2 #*F0-N2 JF >zLN2[z-F@z2zG PN2 ^+NF(NLN2 *2P PN- !0- ,+NKN-P-,N ,xK++ BF #JN-N/N-JFN2+ )N-*-,zxK+N /N- $02PN )N-zy-NJxK+N, $NGN2 ,*GXP Pz, 2JxK+ JF #-J2H(z,,N- )0-H0FF+ yNJ %z++N2 *2P >*,N2 ?NyN-+*F0-N
s Z-G*+N-*2LN2 * xKNFJ,xKN2 'z-zFN+N-2 *2P * B2PJHz+0-/z-zFN+N-2
rrr
[JN C< ,+++ ,JxK yNJ PN- ]NL-2P*2L JK-N, ?NJ+(N-+N, z*M [z+N2 z*, \KJ2z *2P !N2N*NGz (0 $xKPJL*2LN2 PN- =LNG Czz-N *2P PN- ?NyN- yNJ +LGJxKN2 [0,N2 zy s FL yNJ @J2PN-2 z*MLN+-N+N2 ,J2P ]NJ NJ2N- HGNJ2N2 D-*//N )02 'z +JN2+N2 FJ+ -KN*Fz+J,xKN- ^-+K-J+J, NJL+N2 ,JxK ,xK02 yNJ NJ2N- >N2LN )02 +LGJxK vt FL $NGN2 J-H*2LN2 z*M PJN '-0+NJ2,2+KN,N J2 PN- ?NyN- #LGJxK P*-xK,xK2J++ GJxK wu FL $NGN2 FJ+ PN- =zK-*2L (z-N2 yNJ uw 'N-,02N2 0K2N ZdNH+ ^*, PJN,N2 [z+N2 GNJ+N+ PJN C< wq NJ2N2 =J2N-zGLNKzG+ z*,LN(KG+ (N-PN2 (N22 )0-yN-LNKN2PN D-N2(N-+yN-,xK-NJ+*2LN2 PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, KJN-* ^2Gz,, LNyN2 !02 Z-(zxK,N2N2 (N-PN2 ,NGy,+ N-+N yJ, FLG +0GN-JN-+ (N22 PN- $*GMz+ LNKzG+ PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, NJ2PN*+JL N2+,/-NxKN2PN2 >N2LN2 \zGxJ*F *LN0-P2N+ (N- PN2 Hz22 *2P NJ2N FNK-(xKJLN ^Pz/+J02 LN(K-GNJ,+N+ J,+
pts !J2GuKG0-JP !J2GxKG0-JP !\ J,+ -NJ2 z2+K-0/0LN2N2 "-,/-*2L, pt; PN- (NG+(NJ+N2 !\'-0 P*H+J02 (N-PN2 * '!\ /0GFN-J,JN-+ PJN )N-yGNJyN2PN2 t; yN-(JNLN2P * xKG0-
rrq
]NM*2P *2P ]N(N-+*2L
KzG+JLN2 ?,NFJ++NG (NJ+N-)N-z-yNJ+N+ $NJ+ J2 PN2 rJLN- AzK-N ,JxKN- yNHz22+ J,+ Pz,, !\ z*xK yNJF >N2,xKN2 @-Ny, )N-*-,zxK+ \-NNxK *2P A0K2,02 prun CJGGJ02N2 #022N2 JF AzK- KN-LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2 *2P y-NJ+N ^2(N2P*2L J2 >N+zGG *2P ZGNH+-0J2P*,+-JN KzyN2 CJH-0HN-2N2 FJ+0+J,xKN %NH0FyJ2z+J02N2 *2P NGG+-z2,M0- Fz+J02N2 yN0yzxK+N+ (0-PN2 ]z-yJ2 w
r Z-G*+N-*2LN2 * N-L2N2PN2 $+JxK(0-+N2
rrp
C*Fz2+0JH0G0LJ,xK yNPN*+,zF ,J2P PJN LN2+0J,xKN2 *2P Hz2N-0LN2N2 ZJLN2 ,xKzM+N2 PN, !\ 'N-J/KN-N ?F/K0+N2 !\N/02JN-+N- ^-yNJ+N- (JN,N2 J2 ^y K2LJLHNJ+ )02 Z/0,J+J02,Pz*N- *2P KKN N-KK+N %z+N2 z2 \K-0F0,0FN2zyN- -z+J02N2 $xK(N,+N-xK-0Fz+JPz*,+z*,xKN2 *2P >JH-0HN-2N2 z*Mn !\@02N2+-z+J0 2N2 *2+N- t //F v FLFv )N-*-,zxK+N2 HNJ2N2 ^2,+JNL PN- +0LN2N+J,xKN2 Z2P /*2H+N Z/JPNFJ0G0LJ,xKN $+*PJN2 KzyN2 (NJMNG,M-NJ yNGNL+ Pz,, PJN Z/0,J+J02 LN LN2yN- !\ *F ,NG+N2N2 ?NyN-z2LJ0,z-H0F MK-N2 Hz22 $NK- (zK-,xKNJ2GJxK G,+ !\ yNJF >N2,xKN2 z*xK CJ-2+*F0-N *2P KN/z+0NGG*G-N @z-J20FN z*, B2 I2 LN-N- NJ+ J,+ LNNJL+ (0-PN2 Pz,, !\J2P*JN-+N #*F0-N ,/NJX,xKN >*+z+J02, ,/NH+-N2 J2 yN,+JFF+N2 0PNGGN2 *2+N- ^22zKFN 0PN- ^yGNK2*2L NJ2N- $xK(NGGN2H02N2+-z+J02 *2P z*M PN- D-*2P GzLN +JN-N/N-JFN2+NGGN- *2P N/JPNFJ0G0LJ,xKN- ]NM*2PN zyLN,xK++ (0-PN2 !N- ,xKJNPN2N2 ]N-NxK2*2LN2 PJN z*M PN- ]z,J, )02 #JN-F0PNGGN2 yNJ NJ2N- utIK-JLN2 Z/0,J+J02 )02 //F NJ2N B2JPN2-z+N M- Pz, ?NyN-z2LJ0,z-H0F )02 swt N-LNyN2 KzyN2 ,+NK+ HNJ2 ,NJ+ pru yN0yzxK+N+N- EzGG NJ2N, ?NyN-z2LJ0,z-H0F, LN LN2yN- (N22 PJN ^-yNJ+,/Gz+H02N2+-z+J02 //F 2JxK+ yN-,xK-J++N2 Kz+ $+0-F *2P %0Fz2 ppr ^y,xK+*2LN2 z*, GJ2Nz-N2 >0PNGGN2 PJN HNJ2N $xK(NGGN2 H02N2+-z+J02 )0-,NKN2 MK-N2 M- NJ2 ?NyN2,NJ+*,z+-J,JH0 M- CFz2LJ0,z- H0FN )02 gt z*M v LG !\ CN+zGGN ,JNKN ^y,xK2 vv [N- ^2+NJG PN, \zGxJ+, z2 PJN,N2 ^yGzLN-*2 LN2 GJNL+ JF ]N-NJxK )02 2*- (N2JLN2 '-0N2+N2 ^yGzLN-*2LN2 z2 +-0/MN2PN2 z,,N- KK2N2 yN,+NKN2 FNJ,+ z*, \zGxJ*F/K0,/Kz+N2 PJN ,xK(N- * N2+MN-2N2 ,J2P [zLN LN2 H22N2 \zGxJ+zyGzLN-*2LN2 GNJxK+ FJ+ J+-02N2,*-N 0PN- Z,,JL N2+MN-2+ (N-PN2
ot Cw*,KwG+,MJG+N- *- w,,N-w*MvN-NJ+*2L @GNJ2MJG+N- JF Cw*,KwG+ Cz*,KzG+,XG+N- z-yNJ+N2 2zxK PNF '-J2J/ PN- ^P,0-/+J02 ^H+J)H0KGN PN, B02N2 z*,+z*,xKN, Cz-N *2P PN- "FHNK-0,F0,N >NFy-z2N2 NJ2NG2 0PN- J2 @0F yJ2z+J02 [JN, ,J2P PJN LGNJxKN2 !N-MzK-N2 PJN z*xK yNJ PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L )02 %0K (z,,N- * #-J2H(z,,N- NJ2LN,N++ (N-PN2 [JN ?NJ,+*2L,MKJLHNJ+ yN,xK-2H+ ,JxK z*M (N2JLN ?J+N- zF #zL
r Z-G*+N-*2LN2 * N-L2N2PN2 $+JxK(0-+N2
rq
BK- ZJ2,z+yN-NJxK J,+ *F,+-J++N2 $0MN-2 ,JN #-J2H(z,,N- yNKz2PNG2 ,0GGN2 J,+ JK-N !N-(N2P*2L *22+JL N, ,NJ PN22 PJN !N-y-z*xKN- (0GGN2 PN2 DN-*xK 0PN- PN2 DN,xKFzxH PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, 2zxK JK-NF D*,+0 )N-2PN-2 '-0yGNFN N2+,+NKN2 *2 +N- PJN,NF ^,/NH+ 2*- Pz22 (N22 PJN ^2yJN+N- FJ+ LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 ^-L*FN2+N2 (N-yN2 CJN-* J,+ MN,+*,+NGGN2 Pz,, PJN LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 %J,JHN2 PJN yNJ #-J2H (z,,N- yNJ PN,,N2 DN(J22*2L ^*MyN-NJ+*2L *2P !N-+NJG*2L PJN %NLNG2 PN- #NxK2JH *2P PJN !0-LzyN2 PN- #-J2H(! yNzxK+N+ (N-PN2 0K2NKJ2 ,NK- LN-J2L ,J2P 2JxK+ (NJ+N- )N-FJ2PN-+ (N-PN2 H22N2 [zLNLN2 2JFF+ PN- !N-y-z*xKN- NJ2 *,+GJxKN, %J,JH0 P*-xK PJN,N DN-+N J2 @z*M Pz, z2LN,JxK+, PN, MNKGN2PN2 =*+N2, *2P PN'-NJ,N PN- DN-+N *2z2LNFN,,N2 J,+ B2 ZJ2NGMGGN2 J,+ ,0Lz- (NLN2 PN- %xHKzG+*2L )02 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $+0dN2 z*, PNF z,,N- PJN *- !N-FNK-*2L )02 ]zH+N-JN2 MK-N2 )0- @GNJ2XG+N-2 JF Cz*,KzG+ * (z-2N2 [JN DN-+N ,0GGN2 z*xK yNJ !N-,0-L*2L z*, Cz*,y-*22N2 NJ2LN,N++ (N-PN2 ]NJ K0KN2 DNKzG+N2 z2 =J+-z+ EG*0-JP ]0- $*GMz+ *,( JF %0K(z,,N- (-N2 ,JN *2+N"F,+2PN2 ,0Lz- L*+*KNJN2 (N22 PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L,N-M0GL -NLNGFJL H02+-0G GJN-+ (J-P ?NJPN- KzyN2 ,0GxKN DN-+N 2*- LN-J2LN ?NJ,+*2L FNJ,+ 2*- (N2JLN ?J+NzF #zL ,0 Pz,, ,JN 2JxK+ PJN #-J2H(z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L PN, Cz*,KzG+, ,JxKN- ,+NGGN2 H22N2 [JN, Hz22 yNJ NJ2N- FJH-0yJNGGN2 @02+zFJ2z+J02 PN, ]-*22N2(z,,N-, * NJ2N- DNMzK- (N-PN2 (N22 HNJ2 NJ2(z2PM-NJN, z,,N- *- @-/N-/VNLN 0PN- M#+JLHNJ+N2 J2 PN- @xKN *- !N-ML*2L ,+NK+ ZJ2N /-NJ,(N-+N-N ^G+N-2z+J)N (-N J2 PJN,N2 EGGN2 PJN !N-,0-L*2L J2 @z2J,+N-2 FJ+ NJ2(z2PM-NJNF #-J2H(z,,N- z*, PNF =zxKyz-0-+ [JN DN-+N (N-PN2 ,NK- zLL-N,,J) yN(0-yN2 FNJ,+ J2 NGGN2 (N22 ] NJ2 @02 N-2 LGz*y+ NJ2N >z-H+GxHN * N-HN22N2 [JN *,+2PJLN2 DN,*2PKNJ+,yNK-PN2 ,0GG+N2 *- *-xHKzG+*2L FzK2N2 0K2N GN++N2PGJxK PJN Z2+,xKNJP*2L M- 0PNLNLN2 ,0GxKN DN-+N yN-2NKFN2 * H22N2 =zxK #-J2H(! F*,, zGGN, z,,N- MPN2 FN2,xKGJxKN2 DNy-z*xK #-J2H(z,,N-.*zGJ++ KzyN2 ?J+N- zF #zL ,J2P MNJ2N2 Cz*,KzG+ )JNG * (N2JL >J2PN,+N2, GP ,J2P z2LNFN,,N2 (0yNJ PJN DN-+N PN2 zGGLNFNJ2 z2N-Hz22+N2 %NLNG2 PN- #NxK2JH N2+,/-NxKN2 F,,N2
os 'K,JHwGJ,uKN w,,N-vNKw2PG*2L "2+N- /K,JHzGJ,xKN- z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L )N-,+NK+ Fz2 !N-MzK-N2 yNJ PN2N2 PJN $+NJ2 yJGP*2L ] P*-xK /N-Fz2N2+FzL2N+J,xKN NGNH+-0FzL2N+J,xKN NGNH+-0,+z+J,xKN NGNH+-0P2zFJ,xKN ENGPN- NxK,NG,+-0FMNGPN- 0PN- B02N2zH+J)JN-*2L )N-KJ2PN-+ (N-PN2 ,0GG B2 Fz2xKN2 EGGN2 (J-P z*xK NJ2 ^yyz* )02 @0--0,J02,/-0P*H+N2 P*-xK /K,JHzGJ,xKN z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L yNKz*/+N+ $0GxKN DN-+N (N-PN2 ,NJ+ )JNGN2 AzK-NK2+N2 z2LNy0+N2 NPN- yNJ PN2 CN-,+NGGN-2 *2P ^2yJN+N-2 ,0GxKN- ^2GzLN2 20xK J2 PN- (J,,N2 ,xKzM+GJxKN2 ?J+N-z+*- H022+N NJ2N /Gz*,JyGN C/0+KN,N M- NJ2N FLGJxKN J-H*2L LNM*2PN2 (N-PN2 PJN JF ZJ2HGz2L FJ+ LN,JxKN-+N2 2z+*-(J,,N2,xKzM+GJxKN2 Z-HN22+ 2J,,N2 ,+NK+ [zFJ+ N-y-JL+ ,JxK z*xK INLGJxKN ]N*-+NJG*2L J2 LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN- y( KLJN2J,xKN- $JxK+ ANPN2MzGG, Hz22 2JxK+ yNKz*/+N+ (N-PN2 PJN DN-+N ,NJN2 LN,*2P KNJ+GJxK *2yNPN2HGJxK (N22 PJN D-*2PGzLN2 JK-N- J-H*2L *2yNHz22+ ,J2P "FMz2L-NJxKN "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 *- J-H*2L Kz+ PJN $+JM+*2L z-N2+N,+ P*-xK LNMK-+ pqt *2P w B2 ~yN-NJ2,+JFF*2L FJ+ z2PN-N2 "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 zL2N-
rqw
]NM*2P *2P ]N(N-+*2L
*2P $xKFJP+ pqt (*-PN MN,+LN,+NGG+ Pz,, PJN P0-+ *2+N-,*xK+N2 DN-+N PN, G+N-N2 #/, (J-H*2L,G0, (z-N2 [z2zxK NJL+N2 !N-,*xK,N-LNy2J,,N HNJ2N2 ,JL2JXHz2+N2 "2+N-,xKJNP (J,xKN2 PN2 #N,+G*MN2 FJ+ /K,JHzGJ,xKN- z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L *2P PN 2N2 PJN 0K2N ]NKz2PG*2L zG, !N-LGNJxK,*2+N-,*xK*2LN2 FJ+GJNMN2 $NGy,+ yNJF ZJ2 ,z+ JF z-F(z,,N-,,+NF (z- HNJ2 ZdNH+ MN,+*,+NGGN2 ZJ2N 2N*N-N #NxK2JH )N-(N2PN+ ,+z++ PN- >zL2N+MNGPN- 'z+-02N2 PJN FJ+ @*2,+ Kz-HLNGxKN2 0PN- FJ+ @0KGN2,+0d LNMGG+ ,J2P *2P PJN )0F z,,N- P*-xKV0,,N2 (N-PN2 [zP*-xK ,0GG NJ2 #NJG PN, JF z,,N- LNG,+N2 @zGH, @-J,+zGGN yJGPN2 z2 PJN ,JxK (NJ+N-N- @zGH z2GzLN-2 H22N @-J,+zGGHNJFN ,JNKN *F $+JxK(0-+ C-+N PN, z,,N-,77 $0 N2+,+NKN2 ,NK- HGNJ2N @zGH/z-+JHNG PJN JF z,,N- FJ+,xK(JFFN2 z2 ,+z++ ,JxK z2 PN2 z2P*2LN2 2JNPN-*,xKGzLN2 ]NJ PJN,N2 DN-+N2 NJL+ ,JxK Fz2xK FzG HNJ2N,(NL, JFFN- PJN yNKz*/+N+N J-H*2L z*M PJN $+NJ2zyGzLN-*2L 2JxK+ IN P0xK J2 ]N*L z*M PJN @0--0,J)J++ PN, z,,N-, =zxK+NJGJL J,+ Pz,, @0KGN2,+0d 0PN- @*2,+,+0d/z-+JHNG z2 Pz, z,,N- zyLNLNyN2 (N-PN2 H22N2 0PN- +z+,xKGJxK zyLNLNyN2 (N-PN2 [JN, F,,+N P*-xK H02,+-*H+J)N >z2zKFN2 )N-KJ2PN-+ (N-PN2 DNGNLN2+GJxK (*-PN PNF FzL2N+J,JN-+N277 z,,N- PJN EKJLHNJ+ *LN,xK-JNyN2 LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK /0,J+J)N ZdNH+N * KzyN2 [N- =zxK(NJ, PN- J-H,zFHNJ+ (*-PN 2JxK+ FJ+ CJGMN H02+-0GGJN-+N- $+*PJN2 LNMK-+ !JNGFNK- (N-PN2 KJN- (JN z*xK J2 )JNGN2 z2PN-N2 EGGN2 ZJ2NGMzGGyN-JxK+N zG, ]NGNL KN-z2LN0LN2 [N-z-+JLN ZJ2NG MzGGyN-JxK+N ,J2P INP0xK 2JN LNNJL2N+ 2NLz+J)N 0PN- /0,J+J)N J-H*2LN2 z*M PN2 DN ,*2PKNJ+,*,+z2P )02 >N2,xKN2 (zK-,xKNJ2GJxK * FzxKN2 ,JNKN $+JxK(0-+ #-J2H (z,,N- zG, ^-2NJ`77 B2 PJN LGNJxKN @z+NL0-JN LNK-N2 z*xK ^2GzLN2 PJN PNF z,,N- NJ2N LN(J,,N [-N K*2L )N-,xKzdN2 (0GGN2 GN)J+JN-+N, z,,N- ^*xK KJN- yN,+NKN2 HNJ2N 0yINH+J) 2zxK )0GGJNKyz-N2 /0,J+J)N2 LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 ZdNH+N [JN yNKz*/+N+N2 *2P ,JxKN-GJxK KJN- *2P Pz z*xK )0-Kz2PN2N2 ]N,,N-*2LN2 ,J2P JF ZJ2NGMzGG PN- Iz JFFN- )0- LNNJL+ (J-P z*M PJN yNHz22+N #z+,zxKN *-xH*MK-N2 Pz,, PJN FNJ,+N2 xK-02J ,xKN2 @-z2HKNJ+N2 z*xK 'Kz,N2 PN- ,/02+z2N2 ]N,,N-*2L z*M(NJ,N2 *2P )JNGGNJxK+ z*xK Pz-z*M Pz,, PJN ^2(N2PN- N2PGJxK LN2LN2P #-J2H(z,,N- 2FGJxK FJ2PN, +N2, w ?J+N- zF #zL * ,JxK 2NKFN2
or $wGLNKwG+ >J2N-wGLNKwG+ PN, #-J2H(w,,N- *2P PN,+JGGJN-+N, w,,N[N- $zGLNKzG+ PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, J2,yN,02PN-N PN- DNKzG+ z2 =z+-J*F *2P \KG0 -JPJ02N2 N2+,/-JxK+ J2 [N*+,xKGz2P PN2 (NJ+ LNMz,,+N2 !0-LzyN2 P*-xK PJN [B= w *2P J,+ ,NG+N2 ^2Gz,, M- E-zLN2 0PN- [J,H*,,J02N2 BF N,N2+GJxKN2 (J-P PN$zGLNKzG+ P*-xK NJ2N ]NL-N2*2L PN- NGNH+-J,xKN2 ?NJ+MKJLHNJ+ wt $xF N2+ ,/-NxKN2 N+(z w LG ,JNKN ^y,xK2 vw -NL*GJN-+ B2 >NN-N,2KN 0PN- yNJ D-*2P(z,,N- Pz, P*-xK $zG,+xHN yNNJ2V*,,+ (J-P ,/JNG+ PJN E-zLN (JN K0xK PN- $zGLNKzG+ PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, ,NJ2 Pz-M *F 20xK zG, ,0GxKN, )N-(N2PN+ (N-PN2 * H22N2 P*-xKz*, NJ2N %0GGN [JN DNLN2M-zLN 0y NJ2 >J2 PN,+LNKzG+ z2 >J2N-zGJN2 JF #-J2H(z,,N- )N-yGNJyN2 F*,, H22+N yNJ z,,N- z*, #-J2H(z,,N-+zG,/N--N2 NJ2N %0GGN ,/JNGN2 J,+ zyN- LN,*2PKNJ+GJxK 0K2N ]NGz2L ,JNKN C-+N PN, z,,N-, [N- $zGLNKzG+ PN, FN2,xKGJxKN2 z2LNG MK-+ * NJ2N- ^y,N2H*2L PN- ^*,,xKNJP*2L z*M Mz,+ ~yN-,xK,,N (N-PN2 z*,LN,xKJNPN2 [JN KJN- J2 PJN,NF ^y,xK2J++ yN-xH,JxK+JL+N2 \zGxJ*F >zL2N,J*F =z+-J*F *2P @zGJ*FJ02N2 LNK-N2 * PN2 D-*2Pyz*,+NJ2N2 zGGN- ?NyN(N,N2 *2P KzyN2 )JNGN E*2H+J02N2 [N- \zGxJ*FLNKzG+ PN, FN2,xKGJxKN2 @-/N-, yN+-L+ N+(z w HL 0PN- t yJ, ww; PN, @-/N-LN(JxK+N, [z)02 ,J2P pt ; JF $HNGN++ *2P t; J2 PN2 @-/N- V,,JLHNJ+N2 )0- zGGNF N+-zNGG*G- N2+KzG+N2 Z, yN,+NK+ NJ2N L-0N !z-JzyJGJ++ JF =zK-*2L,z2LNy0+ [JN *M*K- ,NGy,+ J,+ ,NK- )JNG KKN- zG, ,JN P*-xK Pz, z,,N,NJ2 H22+N J,+ JF !N-LGNJxK *F 'K0,/Kz+z2LNy0+ PN- =zK-*2L INP0xK 0M+ * 2JNP -JL ~yN-,xK,,JLN, 'K0,/Kz+ MGG+ Pz, \zwh J2 @-/N- *2P [z-F z*, *2P )N-,+-H+ PzP*-xK PJN "2+N-)N-,0-L*2L [z, \zGxJ*F/K0,/Kz+ GzLN-+ ,JxK J2 DNGN2HN2 *2P ]G*+LNMN2 zy !N-HzGH*2L77 [N- >zL2N,J*FLNKzG+ PN, FN2,xKGJxKN2 @-/N-, GJNL+ yNJ w L >zL2N,J*FJ02N2 ,J2P ]N,+z2P+NJG PN- B2+-zNGG*Gz-V,,JLHNJ+ $+-*2LN2 PN, >LDGNJxKLN(JxK+N, MK -N2 -z,xK * zH*+N2 !N-LJM+*2L,N-,xKNJ2*2LN2 ,JN ,J2P INP0xK 2*- P*-xK NJ2,NJ+JLN 0PN- >z2LNGN-2K-*2L 0PN- 0-zG *LNMK-+N >N2LN2 PJN z*xK ~yNGHNJ+ Z-y-NxKN2 [*-xKMzGG *2P ?NJy,xKFN-N2 )N-*-,zxKN2 FLGJxK @zGJ*F yNX2PN+ ,JxK yN-(JNLN2P J2 PN2 NGGN2 Z-,+ 2zxK /N-0-zGN- ^*M2zKFN L-0N- >N2LN2 ,J2P PJN %NL*Gz+J02,FNxKz2J,FN2 yN-M0-PN-+ [0,N2 zy tL ,J2P GNyN2,yNP-0KN2P =z+-J*F yNX2PN+ ,JxK yN-(JNLN2P z*N-KzGy PN- NGGN2 Z-,+ 2zxK /N-0-zGN- ^*M 2zKFN ,NK- L-0N- >N2LN2 PJN ] 2zxK #-J2HN2 )02 >NN-(z,,N- *2P yNJ @J2PN-2 P*-xK PJN ^*M2zKFN )02 #zMNG,zG )0-LNH0FFN2 ,J2P ,J2P PJN %NL*Gz+J02,FNxKz 2J,FN2 yN-M0-PN-+ [N- )0F $zGLNKzG+ PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, zyK2LJLN DN,xKFzxH yNNJ2V*,,+ PJN ^H N/+z2 PN, IN(NJGJLN2 z,,N-, Z, (J-P yNKz*/+N+ N+(z, ,zG-NJxKN-N, ,xKFNxHN yN,,N- zG, z,,N- FJ+ NJ2NF 2JNP-JLN2 $zGLNKzG+ [JN ]NNJ2+-xK+JL*2L PN, DN ,xKFzxH, P*-xK * 2JNP-JLN2 0PN- * K0KN2 $zGLNKzG+ Hz22 *- E0GLN KzyN2 Pz,,
rqu
]NM*2P *2P ]N(N-+*2L
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KzyN2 HNJ2N MNJ2N2 ?xKN- (JN PJN >NFy-z2N2 PN- >JH-0 yJ, =z20XG+-z+J02 >z2 F*,, yNPN2HN2 Pz,, PJN /K,JHzGJ,xKN D-N PN- z,,N-F0GNHGN ,JxK 2JxK+ z*M NJ2 Cw0GNHG yN,xK-2H+ (NJG P*-xK z,,N-,+0dy-xHN2yJ2P*2L FJ+ yN2zxK yz-+N2 >0GNHGN2 \G*,+N- N2+,+NKN2 [zLNLN2 ,J2P PJN KP-z+J,JN-+N2 B02N2 HGNJ2N- *2P (z- *F,0 HGNJ2N- IN KKN- JK-N ?zP*2L N-+JLHNJ+ J,+ [N,(NLN2 (-PN2 MNJ2N '0-N2 J2 PN2 >NFy-z2N2 JFFN- z*xK NJ2N2 $xKG*/M ,0GxKN- B02N2 N-FLGJxKN2 [N- >NxKz2J,F*, PN- #-N22*2L PN, z,,N-, )02 B02N2 yN-*K+ Pz-z*M Pz,, ,JxK PJN z,,N-F0GNHGN J2 PN- >NFy-z2 G,N2 KJ2P*-xK PJd*2PJN-N2 *2P z*M PN- z2 PN-N2 $NJ+N (JNPN- zyG,N2 [JN PJd*2PJN-+N z,,N-FN2LN 2N22+ Fz2 'N-FNz+ Pz, )N-yGNJyN2PN >NPJ*F z*M PN- %0K(z,,N-,NJ+N PN- >NFy-z2 @02N2+-z+ $+0dN (JN ] 'KN20GN PJN ,JxK yN,,N- J2 PN- >NFy-z2 G,N2 zG, z,,N- (N-PN2 2JxK+ *-xHLNKzG+N2 $JN (N-PN2 )JNGFNK- yN)0-*L+ PJN >NFy-z2 /N-FNJN-N2 ,JxK zG,0 JF %NJ2(z,,N- 'N-FNz+ z2-NJxKN-2 [JN,N, 'K20FN2 F*,, JFFN- yNJ PN]N*-+NJG*2L PN- %xHKzG+*2L )02 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $+0dN2 yN-xH,JxK+JL+ (N-PN2 NFy-z2 LNG,+ (N-PN2 *2P ,0 NJ2N ZGJFJ2z +J02 )0-+*,xKN2 $JN ,J2P 2zxK PN- >NFy-z2XG+-z+J02 M- NJ2N yN,+JFF+N NJ+ yJ, *- $++JL*2L PN- >NFy-z2N *2+N- "F,+2PN2 M- FNK-N-N >02z+N (NPN- JF 'N-FNz+ 20xK JF @02N2+-z+ * X2PN2 @0KGN2,+0dPJ0JP N--NJxK+ z*M yNJPN2 $NJ+N2 PN- >NFy-z2 @02N2+-z+ *2P 'N-FNz+ N+(z PJN LGNJxKN @02N2+-z+J02 [z CP-0 LN2xz-y02z+B02N2 *-xHLNKzG+N2 (N-PN2 J,+ INP0xK Pz, 'N-FNz+ *2LN/*dN-+ *2P N, (NJ,+ yNJ LGNJxKNF \NFy-z2M*2H+J02 +NxK2J,xK )N-(N2Pyz- (J-P F*,, PJN >NFy-z2PJxHN *N-,+ LN-J2L ,NJ2 [z-*2+N- GNJPN+ PJN FNxKz2J,xKN $+zyJGJ++ [JN Z2+(JxHG*2L )02 $xKJxK+FNFy-z2N2 yNLNL2N+ PJN,NF '-0yGNFo ^*M NJ2NF /0-,N2 ,+zyJGN2 "2+N-L-*2P (J-P PJN NJLN2+GJxKN ,NK- P22N #-N22FNFy-z2 z*MLN+-zLN2 [N220xK yGNJy+ PJN [*-xK,z+?NJ,+*2L z*xK ,NK- P22N- >NFy-z2N2 ,NK- LN-J2L Z, F*,, NJ2N L-0N NFy-z2N2 (N- PN2 LN(JxHNG+ 0PN- LNMzG+N+ 0PN- zG, P22N J22N2 K0KGN Ez,N-2 z*,LNyJGPN+ C0KG Mz,N-FNFy-z2N2 *2P * +NxK2J,xK )N-(N2Pyz-N2 ZJ2KNJ+N2 ,0 LN2z22+N >0P*GN *,zFFN2LNMz,,+ AN 2zxK ]NPz-M H22N2 ZJ2KNJ+ >0P*G 0PN- FNK-N-N K*2PN-+ ZJ2KNJ+N2 * NJ2N- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L,z2GzLN F02+JN-+ (N-PN2 [JN ^2GzLN yN,+NK+ Pz22 z*, NJ2N- !0-z*MyN-NJ+*2L (zKG(NJ,N EG0xH*2L *2P EJG+-z+J02 PN- [-*xHN-KK*2L PN2 >NFy-z2F0P*GN2 *2P PNF 'N-FNz+yNKG+N- >NFy-z2N2 -NJxKN-2 0-Lz2J,xKN $+0dN z*, PNF z,,N- z*M JK-N- NN-(z,,N- -NJxK+ PJN, 2JxK+ z*, ]NJ PJN,NF [-*xH (-PN Pz, z,,N- 20xK )02 PN- %NJ2(z,,N-,NJ+N P*-xK PJN >NFy-z2 J2 Pz, >NN-(z,,N- /N-FNJN-N2 (NJG PN- 0,F0+J,xKN [-*xH )02 >NN-(z,,Npt yz- yNJ w \ yN+-L+ ,JNKN ^y,xK2 v [JN, N--NxK2N+ ,JxK z*, PN- P0-+ z2 LNLNyN2N2 DGNJxK*2L M- NJ2N2 DNKzG+ z2 LNG,+N2 #NJGxKN2 JF z,,N- )02 F0GG PN- ,JxK z*, PNF $zGLNKzG+ )02 N+(z v DN(JxK+,/-0N2+N2 N2+,/-NxKN2P v LHL =z\G 0PN- N+(z t F0GG \Gg *2P t F0GG =zh N-LJy+ [N- *,zFFN2Kz2L (J ,xKN2 [-*xHPJdN-N2 *2P PN- KJN-M- N-M0-PN-GJxKN2 ^-yNJ+ Z2N-LJNz*M(z2P IN !0 G*FN2NJ2KNJ+ J,+ M0GLN2PN-o pt yz- f pt Y s =FFv f pt Y s ,Fv f tu H KFv
w
N22 NJ2N ^*MH02N2+-JN-*2L PN- #NJGxKN2 JF @02N2+-z+ z*M Pz, [0//NG+N N-M0GLN2 ,0GG ^2+NJG PN, 'N-FNz+, zF *V*,, N+(z t ; F*,, PN- [-*xH FJ2PN,+N2, z*M u yz- z2LNK0yN2 (N-PN2 #z+,xKGJxK z-yNJ+N+ Fz2 K*XL FJ+ N+(z v yz- Pz '*F /N2 PJN NJ2N2 KKN-N2 [-*xH N-N*LN2 ,NK- z*M(N2PJL ,J2P [zP*-xK J,+ (z- PN'N-FNz+z2+NJG P K PN- DN(J22 z2 N2+,zG+NF %NJ2(z,,N- yN0LN2 z*M PN2 *V*,, 2JxK+ ,NK- K0xK N+(z w yJ, v ; INP0xK )N-FNJPN+ Fz2 P*-xK PJN,N #NxK2JH (NJ+ LNKN2P !N-yG0xH*2LN2 PN- +N*-N2 >NFy-z2N2 (NJG PJN $zGH02N2+-z+J02 PN, * VJNN2PN2 %0K(z,,N-, >NN-(z,,N-, LN-J2L yGNJy+ *- !N-yN,,N-*2L PN- Z2N-LJN yJGz2 PN, LN,zF+N2 '-0N,,N, yJN+N+ N, ,JxK z2 PN2 Z2N-LJNJ2KzG+ PN, @02N2+-z+, N2+,/-NxKN2P PN- z*MLN(z2P+N2 ^-yNJ+ M- NJ2N [-*xHN-KK*2L *F v yz- yNLNH0//NG+N #*-yJ2N2'*F/N2,+N FJ+ LNFNJ2,zFN- ^2+-JNy,(NGGN 0PN- yN- DN 2N-z+0-N2 *-xH*LN(J22N2 [JN z2PN-N >LGJxKHNJ+ PN- >NN-(z,,N-N2+,zG*2L J,+ PJN [N,+JGGz+J02 $JN N-M0- PN-+ NJ2N2 ,NK- K0KN2 Z2N-LJNz*M(z2P (N22 PJN !N-PzF/M*2L,(-FN )02 swr H KFv yNJ PN- z2,xKGJNN2PN2 @02PN2,z+J02 )N-G0-N2 LNK+ [JN,N- N20-F K0KN Z2N-LJNyNPz-M PN- NJ2MzxKN2 !N-PzF/M*2L@02PN2,z+J02 ,+NK+ JF H-z,,N2 JPN- ,/-*xK *F +KN0-N+J,xK 20+(N2PJLN2 ]NPz-M PN- Z2+,zG*2L )02 2*- tu H KFv Z, (z- *2P J,+ 0dN2H*2PJL NJ2N CN-z*,M0-PN-*2L z2 PJN !N-MzK-N2,+NxK2JHN- ^2 GzLN2 FJ+ FLGJxK,+ LN-J2LNF Z2N-LJNyNPz-M * N2+(JxHNG2 *2xK,+ H022+N P*-xK @z,HzPN2)N-PzF/MN- PN- [zF/M PN- M0GLN2PN2 $+*MN KNJ+ Pz, z,,N- PN- !0-,+*MN z*M *2P H02PN2,JN-+ PzyNJ PN- Z2N-LJNyNPz-M z*M N+(z zG,0 z*M N+(z r H K Fv LN,N2H+ (N-PN2 [*-xK -FN-xHLN(J22*2L FJ+ -FN/*F/N2 G,,+ N- ,JxK (NJ+N- z*M N+(z t H KFv ,N2HN2 ZJ2N2 N2+,xKNJPN2PN2 [*-xKy-*xK (N-PN2 zyN]-PN2H0F/-N,,0-N2 y-J2LN2 $JN JNKN2 PN2 [zF/M z*M PN- NJ2N2 $NJ+N zy )N- PJxK+N2 JK2 *2P MK-N2 JK2 z*M PN- CNJ,NJ+N (JNPN- J2 PN2 @N,,NG [zyNJ yN,+NKN2 PJN ]z*+NJGN 2JxK+ FNK- z*, >N+zGG ,02PN-2 z*, P22(z2PJLN2 /-NJ,(N-+N2 @*2,+ ,+0d/Gz++N2 0PN- -K-N2 [JN +KN-F0P2zFJ,xK N-M0-PN-GJxKN #NF/N-z+*-PJdN-N2 (J,xKN2 >NN-(z,,N(z-F *2P PN,+JGGJN-+NF z,,N- HzG+ PzFJ+ ,JN FJ+NJ2z2PN- JF DGNJxKLN(JxK+ ,+N KN2 yN+-L+ 2*- ur \ (JN ,JxK z*, PN- ,/NJX,xKN2 -FN PN, z,,N-, *2P PN0yN2 zyLNGNJ+N+N2 +KN0-N+J,xK N-M0-PN-GJxKN2 Z2N-LJNPJdN-N2 )02 tu H KFv yN -NxK2N2 G,,+ [zKN- LNG+N2 =JNP-JL+NF/N-z+*-)N-PzF/MN- FJ++NG, ]-PN2H0F/-N, ,0-N2 zG, z*,,JxK+,-NJxK M- PJN z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L P*-xK [N,+JGGz+J02 *-NJ+ ,J2P [N,+JGGz+J02,z2GzLN2 FJ+ NJ2NF Z2N-LJNyNPz-M )02 J2,LN,zF+ H KFv Fz-H+-NJM [NF ,+NKN2 "FHNK-0,F0,Nz2GzLN2 FJ+ NJ2NF LN,zF+N2 Z2N-LJNyNPz-M )02 N+(z
v ]z*,+NJ2N PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L
qu
w H KFv LNLN2yN- zGGN-PJ2L, FJ+ KKN-N2 B2)N,+J+J02,H0,+N2 M- PJN >NFy-z2 F0P*GN EzJ+ J,+ Pz,, yNJPN ^2GzLN+/N2 M- PJN >NN-(z,,N- 0PN- ]-zxH(z,,N- N2+,zG*2L J2M-zLN H0FFN2
sq [J0G0LJ,uKN >N+K0PN2 sq XJ2GNJ+*2L ]NJ PN2 PN-NJ+ J2 PN- z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L -NGN)z2+N2 yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 !N-MzK-N2 ,J2P xKNF0+-0/KN ]zH+N-JN2 yN+NJGJL+ PJN JF DNLN2,z+ * /K0+0+-0/KN2 ]zH+N-JN2 JK-N2 Z2N-LJN,+0d(NxK,NG M- PN2 ]J0Fz,,N2z*Myz* 2JxK+ P*-xK 'K0+0,2+KN,N PNxHN2 ,02PN-2 JK-N xKNFJ,xKN Z2N-LJN z*, %NP0%NzH+J02N2 LN(J22N2 [z* yN2+JLN2 ,JN NJ2 N+K0PN2 PN- z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L H22N2 ,0(0KG zN-0y P K JF yNGM+N+N2 z,,N- ,+z++X2PN2 zG, z*xK *2+N- $z*N-,+0dzy,xKG*,, JF z2zN-0yN2 >JGJN* ?N++N-N, N-M0GL+ N2+(NPN- JF ,z*N-,+0dM-NJNF D-*2P(z,,N- 0PNPN- )0-Kz2PN2N $z*N-,+0d (J-P P*-xK NJ2 %NP*H+J02,FJ++NG PNF z,,N- N2+0LN2 [N- DN(J22 z2 xKNFJ,xKN- Z2N-LJN M- PN2 ]J0Fz,,N2z*Myz* N-M0GL+ yN- N2FLN ,+N*N-+N %NzH+J02,,+*MN2 PJN ,0 LN2z22+N ^+F*2L,HN++N (0yNJ z,,N-,+0d yN-+-z LN2 (J-P *2P GN++GJxK PN2 ]zH+N-JN2NGGN2 zG, ^PN20,J2+-J/K0,/Kz+ ^#' *- !N-M L*2L LN,+NGG+ (J-P CJN-yNJ *2+N-,xKNJPN+ Fz2 PN2 ,0 LN2z22+N2 0-Lz20+-0/KN2 *2P PN2 GJ+K0+-0/KN2 $+0d(NxK,NG+/ ]NJF N-,+N2 #/ (J-P 0-Lz2J,xKN, $*y,+-z+ 0JPJN-+ *2P zG, \&*NGGN *F ^*Myz* PN- ]J0Fz,,N )N-(N2PN+ (0yNJ @0KGN2,+0d * \N+K0PN2 KzyN2 LNFNJ2,zF Pz,, PJN ^*MyN-NJ+*2L, ,+*MN2 (NJ JNGN N--NJxKN2 F,,N2 [z, N-,+N JNG J,+ (JN yNJ z2PN-N2 ^*MyN-NJ +*2L,)N-MzK-N2 z*xK PJN FLGJxK,+ )0GG,+2PJLN Z2+MN-2*2L PN, *2N-(2,xK+N2 $+0M MN, z*, PNF z,,N- [z, (NJ+N JNG J,+ PJN ^*M-NxK+N-KzG+*2L PN- 0/+JFzGN2 >J GJN*yNPJ2L*2LN2 PN- z2 PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L yN+NJGJL+N2 ]zH+N-JN2 *2P PN-N2 BFF0 yJGJ,JN-*2L JF ]J0-NzH+0- [JN,N %xHKzG+*2L PN- ]zH+N-JN2 J2 NJ2NF LNNJL2N+N2 >JGJN* Hz22 0yN-J-PJ,xK N-M0GLN2 J22N-KzGy FJ+ yN,+JFF+N2 #-LN-Fz+N-JzGJN2 $z2P '0G,+-0GH*LNG2 y( ,02,+JLN2 EGGH-/N-2 LNMGG+N2 EN,+yN++XG+N-2 y( z*M PN- N+Kz2 ^FF02J*F *2P $xK(NMNG(z,,N- ,+0d P*-xK z2Lz2 N+(z zy t FLG >2 ,0GG+N2 INP0xK (NJ EJG+N-,+*MN2 2zxKNJ2z2PN)0-LN,NKN2 (N-PN2 [z* N-M0GL+ NJ2N =zxKP0,JN-*2L )02 ?*M+ 0PN- $z*N-,+0d )0PN- (NJ+N2 $+*MN >z2Lz2N2+MN-2*2L (J,xKN2 PN- $z*N-,+0dH02N2+-z+J02 JF ^yGz*M PN- ^2GzLN *2P PNF %N,+Fz2Lz2LNKzG+ yN,+NK+ NJ2 PN*+GJxKN- *,zFFN2 Kz2L (JN J2 ^yy s * N-HN22N2 J,+ ]NJ 0/+JFzGN2 ]N+-JNy,yNPJ2L*2LN2 N--NJxK+ Fz2 NJ2N EGxKN2yNGzP*2L yN0LN2 z*M PJN ZJ,N2zyGzLN-*2L PJN FJ+ u yJ, t HLFw EJG+N-VxKN xz w yJ, v FzG KKN- J,+ zG, yNJ PN- xKNFJ,xKN2 0*xKN+ ppw [z PJN ^yGzLN-*2L PN- 2
v ]z*,+NJ2N PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L
quv
^yGz*MH02N2+-z+J02 EJG+N-P*-xKy-*xK (z, zG, NJ2N- )02 FNK-N-N2 !0-+NJGN2 PN, EJG+N-yN+-JNy, FJ+ yJ0G0LJ,xKN- Z2+NJ,N2*2L JF DNLN2,z+ *- H02)N2+J02NGGN2 #NxK 2JH z2*,NKN2 J,+ ZJ2N @N22zKG M- PJN ?NJ,+*2L,PJxK+N NJ2N- EJG+-z+J02,z2GzLN J,+ PJN EJG+-z+J02,LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ !M ,JNKN DG wv PJN ,JxK z*, PNF !0G*FN2,+-0F & J2 Fv K *2P PN- EJG+N-VxKN ^M J2 Fw N-LJy+ [JN N--NJxKyz-N EJG+-z+J02,LN ,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ (K-N2P PN- EJG+-z+J02,/Kz,N J,+ NyN2MzGG, z*ML-*2P PN- yN,,N-N2 ZJ2 GzLN-*2L,yNPJ2L*2LN2 yNJ PN- yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 EzK-(NJ,N PN*+GJxK KKN- zG, yNJ PNH02)N2+J02NGGN2 #NxK2JH !M f &^M J2 FK
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B2 PN- '-zJ, ,J2P EJG+N-LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+N2 )02 !M f v yJ, u FK ,JxKN- yNKN--,xK yz- B2 KzGy+NxK2J,xKN2 !N-,*xKN2 ,J2P @GNJ2z2GzLN2 FJ+ EJG+N-LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+N2 yJ, !M f w FK yN+-JNyN2 (0-PN2 (0yNJ yNJ !M f q FK 20xK ZJ,N2H02N2+-z +J02N2 JF ^yGz*M )02 *2+N- w FLG N--NJxK+ (*-PN2 B2 PJN,N2 ^2GzLN2 GzLN2 PJN EJG+N-yN++@02+zH+NJ+N2 yNJ (N2JLN- zG, NJ2N- >J2*+N ^*xK J2 H02)N2+J02NGG yN+-JNyN2N2 z,,N-(N-HN2 H22N2 yJ0G0LJ,xKN ZdNH+N zG, *2LNJNG+N #NJG-NzH+J02 J2 PN2 $z2PXG+N-2 zyGz*MN2 ]NJ "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 z2 (NJ ]N-GJ2N- z,,N-(N-HN2 A*2LMN-2KNJPN *2P @z*G,P0-M (*-PN2 zG, ZJ,N2 0JPJN-N- DzGGJ02NGGz MN--*LJ2Nz *2P ?N/+0+K-J 0xK-zxNz JPN2+JXJN-+ (0yNJ ?N/+0 +K-J 0xK-zxNz HGz- P0FJ2JN-+N ^G, >z2Lz20JPJN-N- (*-PN ',N*P0F02z, Fz2Lz 20JPz2, z*M PNF EJG+N-H0-2 *2P ?N/+0+K-J G0/K0GNz JF $/G(z,,N- PN- >z2Lz2XG+NLNM*2PN2 Z, NJL+N ,JxK P*-xK PJN,N "2+N-,*xK*2L Pz,, z*xK 2zxK ,+z-HN- ]NGM+*2L *2P 2zxK NJ2,+2PJLN- !N-(NJGNJ+ )0- PN- EJG+-z+J02 NJ2N yN-(JNLN2P yJ0G0LJ,xKN Z2+Fz2Lz2*2L *2P NJ2N +NJG(NJ,N yJ0G0LJ,xKN Z2+NJ,N2*2L ,+z++X2PN+ NGxKN %0GGN ZJ,N2 *2P >z2Lz2yzH+N-JN2 J2 $xK2NGGXG+N-z2GzLN2 PN- #-J2H(z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L +z+,xKGJxK ,/JNGN2 H022+N \NHzGGz ppr NJLN2 [JN yJ0G0LJ,xKN Z2+MN-2*2L N-M0GL+ J2 PN- %NJKN2M0GLN ZJ,N2 Pz22 >N+Kz2 *2P z2,xKGJNN2P >z2Lz2 B2 PN- '-zJ, K2L+ PJN, )02 PN- @02N2+-z+J02 PN- NJ2NG2N2 $+0dN *2P )02 PN- >N2LN PN, P0,JN-+N2 $z*N-,+0d, zy ]NJ LN2LN2PNF ^2LNy0+ )02 $z*N-,+0d N-M0GL+ PJN Z2+MN-2*2L )02 >N+Kz2 *F yN-(JNLN2PN2 #NJG )0- PNZ2+Fz2Lz2*2L 2zxK 0PN- (K-N2P PN- ZJ,N20JPz+J02 J2 PN- N-,+N2 $+*MN ZJ2 #NJG PN, >N+Kz2, (J-P INP0xK z*xK 20xK J2 PN- (NJ+N2 $+*MN zyLNyz*+ ,JNKN ^yy r 2000 Anlagenzulauf
Methan in µg/l
1600
nach Stufe 1 nach Stufe 2
1200 800 400 0
1
2 Untersuchungstage
3
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quu
^*MyN-NJ+*2L )02 z,,N-
B,+ N, INP0xK Pz, JNG PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L NJ2 ,z*N-,+0dz-FN, %NJ2(z,,N- * LN(J22N2 (JN N, ] yNJ PN- #-J2H(z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L J2 $/NN- )0-LNLNyN2 (z- D-0KFz22 *2P D0GGz,xK pqu ,0 F*,, 2*- (N2JL $z*N-,+0d )0- PN- N-,+N2 $+*MN P0,JN-+ (N-PN2 ^2,xKGJNN2P (J-P yNJ NJ2NF #NJG,+-0F Pz, >N+Kz2 P*-xK ]NGM+*2L z*, LNyGz,N2 *2P $z*N-,+0d z*MLN20FFN2 [N- !0G*FN2,+-0F PN, #NJG,+-0F, (J-P ,0 LN-NLNG+ Pz,, PN- z*MLN20FFN2N $z*N-,+0d 2zxK PN- !N-NJ2JL*2L yNJPN- #NJG,+-FN M- PJN N+Kz2, *2P PN, >z2Lz2, J2 PN- (NJ+N2 EJG+N-,+*MN LN-zPN z*,-NJxK+
sqs YN2J+-JMJJN-*2L =NyN2 PN- yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 ZJ,N2 *2P >z2Lz2N2+MN-2*2L J,+ PN- yJ0G0LJ,xKN =J+-z+ zyyz* Pz, zF FNJ,+N2 NJ2LN,N++N yJ0G0LJ,xKN !N-MzK-N2 J2 PN- z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L [z, !N-MzK-N2,/-J2J/ yN-*K+ z*M PN- #z+,zxKN Pz,, yN,+JFF+N ]zH+N-JN2z-+N2 [N 2J+-JXHz2+N2 J2 PN- ?zLN ,J2P Pz, JF %0K(z,,N- LNG,+N =J+-z+ J2 F0GNH*Gz-N2 $+JxH,+0d *F*(z2PNG2 [JN,N "F(z2PNG*2L LN,xKJNK+ J2 #NJG,xK-J++N2 PJN yNPJN (J,xKN2/-0P*H+N =J+-J+ *2P [J,+JxH,+0d0JP ?zxKLz, N-M0GLN2 ^2 PJN,N2 #NJG,xK-J++N2 H22N2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN [N2J+-JXHz2+N2 yN+NJGJL+ ,NJ2 [JN FNJ,+N2 [N 2J+-JXHz2+N2 ,J2P MzH*G+z+J) zN-0y [z PN- Z2N-LJN*F,z+ yNJ PN- $z*N-,+0dz+F*2L KKN- *2P PzFJ+ PN- Z2N-LJNLN(J22 M- PJN ]zH+N-JN2 L-N- J,+ zG, yNJ PN- [N2J +-JXHz+J02 yz*N2 PJN [N2J+-JXHz2+N2 =J+-z+ N-,+ Pz22 zy (N22 HNJ2 LNG,+N- $z*N- ,+0d FNK- JF %0K(z,,N- *- !N-ML*2L ,+NK+ ]NJ ,z*N-,+0dKzG+JLN2 %0K(,,N-2 F*,, PzKN- PN- $z*N-,+0d Hz+zG+J,xK J2 NJ2NF !0--NzH+0- ] P*-xK z,,N-,+0d P0,JN-*2L N2+MN-2+ (N-PN2 0PN- N, F*,, NJ2 z*M Pz, =J+-z+ yN0LN2N- ,+xKJ0FN+ -J,xKN- ~yN-,xK*,, z2 =K-,+0dN2 $*y,+-z+ *F %0K(z,,N- P0,JN-+ (N-PN2 *F PN2 20xK )0-Kz2PN2N2 $z*N-,+0d N-,+ *F*,N+N2 yN)0- PJN =J+-z+-NP*H+J02 yN LJ22+ [zP*-xK N2+,+NK+ NJ2N KKN-N ]J0Fz,,N Pz PJN ]zH+N-JN2 ,0(0KG z*, PNF )N-yGJNyN2N2 $z*N-,+0d zG, z*xK z*, PNF =J+-z+ Z2N-LJN yNJNKN2 H22N2 [z, Kz+ )N-MzK-N2,+NxK2J,xK *- E0GLN Pz,, PJN z*, PN- N-KK+N2 '-0P*H+J02 N2+,+NKN2PN ]J0Fz,,N $xKGzFF)0G*FN2 z*, PNF %NzH+0- zyLNMK-+ (N-PN2 F*,, AN 2zxK PNF 0y N, ,JxK yNJ PN- NJ2LN,N++N2 !N-MzK-N2,+NxK2JH *F 0-Lz20+-0/KN 0PN- GJ+K0+-0/KN ]zH+N-JN2z-+N2 Kz2PNG+ F*,, Pz, M- PJN ^+F*2L,HN++N yN2+JL+N $*y,+-z+ =K-,+0d zG, NJ2N 0JPJN-yz-N y( zG, (z,,N-,+0dzy,/zG+N2PN $*y,+z2 PNF %0K(z,,N- *LN,N++ (N-PN2 [JN,N, $*y,+-z+ Hz22 yNJ 0-Lz20+-0/KN2 ]zH+N -JN2 Z,,JL,*-N Z+Kz20G 0PN- >N+Kz20G ,NJ2 yNJ GJ+K0+-0/KN2 ]zH+N-JN2z-+N2 Pz LNLN2 F0GNH*Gz-N- z,,N-,+0d 0PN- $xK(NMNG)N-yJ2P*2LN2 NJ,+N2, N2+KG+ Pz, %0K(z,,N- LN2LN2PN >N2LN2 PJN,N- $+0dNn J2 Fz2 xKN2 EGGN2 F,,N2 ,JN INP0xK *,+GJxK P0,JN-+ (N-PN2 (0yNJ J2 PJN,N2 EGGN2 )0-2NKFGJxK 'K0,/Kz+)N-yJ2P*2LN2 MNKGN2 PJN *P0,JN-+ (N-PN2 F,,N2 ZJ2 >z2 LNG z2 =K- *2P $/*-N2,+0dN2 Hz22 PJN ?NJ,+*2L,MKJLHNJ+ PN- ]J0-NzH+0-N2 PN*+ GJxK KN-zy,N+N2 *2P NJ2N *2-NLNGFJLN *2P J2,+zyJGN ]N+-JNy,(NJ,N KN-)0--*MN2
v ]z*,+NJ2N PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L
qut
#zyNGGN s ]NJ,/JNGN M- /-zH+J,xK z2LN(z2P+N [N2J+-JXHz+J02,)N-MzK-N2 =zFN PN, !N-MzK-N2,
#-LN-Fz+N-JzG $*y,+-z+
CN+N-0+-0/KN !N-MzK-N2 =Z]BNFy-z2N2 ,0(JN J2JFJN-*2L,LNy0+8 PJN FzJFzGN *LzyNFN2LN PN, ^*MyN-NJ+*2L,,+0dN, yN-NxK2N2 yNJ PN- 2JxK+ FNK- zG, ; z2 !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 0PN- ]NLGNJ+,+0dN2 yN0LN2 z*M PN2 IN(NJGJLN2 D-N2(N-+ J2 Pz, z,,N- NJ2LN +-zLN2N2 (N-PN2 [JN *,zFFN2,N+*2L PN- NJ2LN,N++N2 $+0dN F*,, yNHz22+ ,NJ2 P K N, F,,N2 +NxK2J,xKN '-0P*H+20-FN2 M- PJN $+0dN NJ,+JN-N2 z*ML-*2P PN-N- NJ2 z,,N-)N- ,0-L*2L,*2+N-2NKFN2 PJN ZJ2,z+/-0P*H+N yN,+NGGN2 Hz22 B2 PN2 '-0P*H+20-FN2 (N-PN2 PJN ^*MyN-NJ+*2L,,+0dN yN,xK-JNyN2 PN-N2 !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 +0J,xKN $*y ,+z2N2 !N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 P*-xK PN2 CN-,+NGG*2L,/-0N,, yNL-N2+ *2P PN-N2 * ,zFFN2,N+*2L ]NLGNJ+,+0dN >J,xK/-0P*H+N ^2+NJG z2 J-H,*y,+z2 LN-NLNG+ ^*N-PNF (N-PN2 "2+N-,*xK*2L,FN+K0PN2 yN,xK-JNyN2 FJ+ PN2N2 PN- @*MN- y( PN- ^2(N2PN- PJN ZJ2KzG+*2L PN- *LN,JxKN-+N2 ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 PN, '-0P*H+N, yN- /-MN2 Hz22 ZJ2N +NxK2J,xKN '-0P*H+20-F J,+ NJ2N 20+(N2PJLN !0-z*,,N+*2L MPN2 ZJ2,z+ NJ2N, $+0dN, yNJ PN- #-J2H(z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L $JN J,+ INP0xK HNJ2N KJ2
u ^*MyN-NJ+*2L,,+0dN
qt
-2
Messungen im Labor (aqua dest.) in der Praxis (2 Rohwässer) theoretische Berechnungen
log (Al) in mol/l
-3 -4 -5
^yy q
10 mg/l 1 mg/l Grenzwert 0,2 mg/l Al 100 µg/l
-6 -7
Al, gesamt
-NJxKN2PN ]NPJ2L*2L P K )N-NJ2MzxK+ LN,/-0xKN2 2JxK+ zGGN, (z, LN20-F+ J,+ ,0GG+N z*xK NJ2LN,N++ (N-PN2 AN 2zxK ^*MyN-NJ+*2L,JNG *2P !N-MzK-N2,H0FyJ2z+J02 H0FFN2 ,0(0KG ^*MyN -NJ+*2L,,+0dN *F ZJ2,z+ PJN yN,+JFF*2L,LNF JF z*MyN-NJ+N+N2 z,,N- )N-yGNJ yN2 zG, z*xK ,0GxKN PJN (K-N2P PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L (JNPN- z*, PNF z,,N- N2+MN-2+ (N-PN2 ,0GGN2 BF (NJ+N2 EzGG ,0GG PJN,N Z2+MN-2yz-HNJ+ FLGJxK,+ )0GG,+2PJL ,NJ2 J2 PN- '-zJ, J,+ INP0xK PJN Z--NJxKyz-HNJ+ PJN,N- E0-PN-*2L )02 PN2 LNLNyN2N2 +NxK2J,xKN2 *2P xKNFJ,xKN2 %z2PyNPJ2L*2LN2 zyK2LJL $0 yN,+JFF+ ] PN- /C N-+ PN, z,,N-, PJN FLGJxKN %N,+H02N2+-z+J02 z2 ^G*FJ2J*F [z PN- ^G*FJ 2J*F(N-+ JF #-J2H(z,,N- z*M w FLG yNL-N2+ J,+ ,J2P yNJF ZJ2,z+ )02 zG*FJ 2J*FKzG+JLN2 EG0xH*2L,FJ++NG2 PJN N2+,/-NxKN2PN2 /C N-+]N-NJxKN PJN NJ2N "2 +N-,xK-NJ+*2L PJN,N, D-N2(N-+N, ,JxKN-2 NJ2*KzG+N2 [zyNJ NJL+ ,JxK Pz,, yNJ K KN-N2 /C N-+N2 J2 PN- '-zJ, KKN-N ^GDNKzG+N LNFN,,N2 (N-PN2 zG, 2zxK PN#KN0-JN * N-(z-+N2 ,J2P @02H-N+ yNPN*+N+ PJN, Pz,, J2 PN- '-zJ, PN- /C N-+ )02 rq 2JxK+ yN-,xK-J++N2 (N-PN2 Pz-M (N22 PN- D-N2(N-+ )02 w FLG ^G ,JxKN*2+N-,xK-J++N2 (N-PN2 ,0GG ,JNKN ^yy q
10 µg/l 4
5
6
7 pH-Wert
8
9
%N,+zG*FJ2J*FH02N2+-z+J02 J2 ^yK2LJLHNJ+ )0F /C N-+ z*, ANHNG pp
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qtq
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qs
^*MyN-NJ+*2L )02 z,,N-
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wr =z+*-yPN-
qrp
^F Z2PN INPN- ]zPN,zJ,02 F*,, NJ2N ]N(N-+*2L PN- ]zPNLN(,,N- FJ+ PN2 B2 M0-Fz+J02N2 PN- Gz*MN2PN2 ]zPN,zJ,02 *2P PN- P-NJ )0-KN-LNKN2PN2 AzK-N N-M0GLN2 BF ^2,xKG*,, (N-PN2 PJN DN(,,N- J2 )JN- &*zGJ++,,+*MN2 NJ2LN0-P2N+o *2LN2LN2P z*,-NJxKN2P L*+ 0PN- KN-)0--zLN2P PJN N-,+N ZJ2,+*M*2L J,+ yJ, *F Z2PN PN- ]z PN,zJ,02 wt zy*,xKGJNN2 [JN @z+NL0-JN z*,-NJxKN2P77 J,+ PJN >J2PN,+.*zGJ++ PJN zGGN >J+LGJNP,+zz+N2 yJ, Z2PN PN- $zJ,02 wt N--NJxKN2 F,,N2 J-P PJN &*zGJ++ NJ2N, DN(,,N-, zG, *2LN2LN2P77 NJ2LN,+*M+ ,0 F*,, PJN dN2+GJxKHNJ+ J2M0-FJN-+ NJ2 ]zPN)N-y0+ )N-K2L+ *2P LNNJL2N+N ^yKJGMNFz2zKFN2 NJ2LNGNJ+N+ (N-PN2 [JN >J+LGJNP,+zz+N2 F,,N2 *PNF $+-z2P/-0XGN N-,+NGGN2 [JN,N *FMz,,N2 * z NJ2N ]N,xK-NJy*2L PN, yN+-NdN2PN2 DNyJN+, FLGJxKN !N-,xKF*+*2L,.*NGGN2 *2P PN2 $+z2P0-+ PN- ~yN-(zxK*2L,/*2H+N [z, '-0XG F*,, ,/+N,+N2, yJ, ^2Mz2L w *F N-,+N2 >zG N-,+NGG+ (N-PN2 B2M0-Fz+J02N2 yN- PJN ZJ2,+*M*2L PJN ]N,xK-NJy*2L PN- ]zPNLN(,,N- *2P NJ2N N)N2+*NGGN !N-,xKF*+*2L F,,N2 PN- dN2+GJxKHNJ+ J2 PN- =KN PN, yN+-NdN2PN2 DNyJN+, FJ+ CJGMN z2LNFN,,N2N- @0FF*2JHz+J02,FJ++NG NJ2,xKGJNGJxK PN, B2+N-2N+, GNJxK+ *L2LGJxK LNFzxK+ (N-PN2 B2,yN,02PN-N ^2LzyN2 * ]zPN)N-y0+N2 *2P %z+ ,xKGLN KJ2,JxK+GJxK PN- !N-FNJP*2L PN, ]zPN2, F,,N2 NJ2MzxK *2P ,xK2NGG N-HN22 yz- ,NJ2 [JN @0FFJ,,J02 )N-dN2+GJxK+ INPN, AzK- NJ2N2 *,zFFN2Mz,,N2PN2 AzK-N,yN-JxK+ yN- PJN &*zGJ++ PN- ]zPNLN(,,N- (0yNJ ,JN ,JxK z*M PJN ]N-JxK+N ,+++ (NGxKN PJN >J+LGJNP,+zz+N2 zF Z2PN INPN2 AzK-N, yN-FJ++NG2 F,,N2 [N- yN- PJN ]zPN ,zJ,02 wq )N-dN2+GJxK+N ]N-JxK+ PN- ,JxK zGGN-PJ2L, JF ~yN-Lz2L,NJ+-z*F 20xK z*M PJN LNG+N2PN2 N-+N Z\ BZ PN- %JxK+GJ2JN rssZ D yNJNK+ ,+NGG+ PJN N*-0 /z(NJ+N "2+N-,*xK*2L )02 utt @,+N2(,,N-2 *2P sqp ]J22N2LN(,,N-2 Pz- CJN- N2+,/-zxKN2 psv; PN- *2+N-,*xK+N2 @,+N2(,,N- PN2 >J2PN,+z2M0-PN-*2LN2 *2P qqs; PNF ?NJ+(N-+ B2 ]J22N2LN(,,N-2 N2+,/-zxKN2 pw; PN2 >J2PN,+z2 M0-PN-*2LN2 *2P rvu; PNF ?NJ+(N-+ Z, (*-PN NJ2N GNJxK+N !N-yN,,N-*2L LNLN2yNwr pt; @,+N2 y( qp; ]J22N2LN(,,N- MN,+LN,+NGG+ PJN PNF Gz2LIK-JLN2 #-N2P N2+,/-JxK+ Z, ,J2P INP0xK (NJ+N-N ^2,+-N2L*2LN2 2+JL PJN &*zGJ++ PN- ]z PNLN(,,N- * )N-yN,,N-2 *2P N-KzG+N2 ,0 Pz,, PJN ,+-N2LN-N2 ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 PN2N*N2 %JxK+GJ2JN NJ2LNKzG+N2 (N-PN2 H22N2 ]N-NJ+, JF $0FFN- w (*-PN2 J2 zGGN2 Z">J+LGJNP,+zz+N2 FJ+ ^*,2zKFN )02 E-z2H-NJxK B-Gz2P *2P ?*NFy*-L z2 J2,LN,zF+ ww ]zPN,+NGGN2 z2 >NN-N,H,+N2 *2P vu ]zPN,+NGGN2 z2 ]J22N2LN(,,N-2 $+-z2P/-0XGN77 N-,+NGG+ [z* (*-PN PJN z,,N-.*zGJ++ z2Kz2P PN- "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 PN- GN++N2 t AzK-N yN,+JFF+ *2P NJ2N *,+GJxKN "2+N-,*xK*2L,-NJKN z2 J2,LN,zF+ w '-0yN2zKFN+zLN2 J22N-KzGy NJ2N, (NJNJ2KzGy F02z+JLN2 NJ+-z*FN, #-zJG w77 P*-xKLNMK-+ [JN ^*,(N-+*2L N-M0GL+N 2zxK P-NJ )N-,xKJNPN2N2 $+z2Pz-P,o [N2 PzFzGJLN2 D-N2(N-+N2 PN- %JxK+GJ2JN rssZ D #\ FG E\ w FG NJ2NF B2+N-FNPJ-N2 $+z2Pz-P77 Z\ u FG BZ w FG *2P PNF C '!\ *,( )N-(N2PN+ =NyN2 NJ2N- N2+,/-NxKN2PN2 DN,+zG+*2L PN, "2+N-L-*2PN, (J-P )0- PNF ZJ2y-J2LN2 PN- E0GJN zG, $xK*+ )0FNxKz2J,xKN- ]N,xKPJL*2L *2P zG, !N-,xKJNy*2L, *2P DGNJ+GzLN NJ2 $xK*+VJN, ] '0G/-0/GN2 v LFw z*MLNy-zxK+ %NJH-zM+ *2P %NJPNK2*2L 2zxK [B= tvutt ,0GG+N s =FFw ,NJ2 y( yNJ wt; GJNLN2 NJ2N @G+NyN,+2PJLHNJ+ yJ, g v \ [B= tvvs *2P NJ2N GJxK++NxK2J,xKN $+*MN q [B= tvvqp F*,, yNJF )N-(N2PN+N2 E0GJN2Fz+N-JzG LN(K-GNJ,+N+ ,NJ2 ]J, z,,N-+JNMN2 )02 N+(z v F (J-P PJN E0GJN (JNPN-*F *FNJ,+ P*-xK NJ2 EGJN, FJ+ @JN, y( $xK0++N-yNPNxH*2L LN ,xK++ Pz-*2+N- GJNL+ PJN E0GJN 20-FzGN-(NJ,N M-NJ *F PJN Z2+MN-2*2L PN- zyLN ,N++N2 $NPJFN2+N * N-GNJxK+N-2 [JN [*-xK,+-F*2L J,+ NJ2N (JxK+JLN +NxK2J,xKN >z2zKFN *- 'VNLN PN- z, ,N-.*zGJ++ B2 PN- = ? wsow @GNJ2yzPN+NJxKN ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 z2 'Gz2*2L ]z* ]N+-JNy $z2JN-*2L *2P ~yN-(zxK*2L (J-P NF/M0KGN2 w; PN, !0G*FN2, PN, z,,N-H-/N-, yJ, t F #JNMN PN, ]zPNyN-NJxKN, +LGJxK *F* (GN2 ^*M INPN2 EzGG ,0GG+N2 z,,N-H-/N- PJN +JNMN- zG, w F ,J2P HNJ2N,MzGG, P*-xK ,+-F+ (N-PN2 [z-z*, N-LNyN2 ,JxK "F(GNJ+N2 )02 yJ, * t #zLN2 (0yNJ 20xK * yN-xH,JxK+JLN2 J,+ Pz,, *FNJ,+ 2*- t; PN, *FLN(G+N2 yN(NL+N2 z,,N-, z*xK *,+GJxK ] P*-xK )N-+JHzG P*-xK,+-F+N EJG+N- LN-NJ2JL+ (N-PN2 [JN -N,+ GJxKN z,,N-FN2LN PJN2+ )0- zGGNF PN- Z2+MN-2*2L )02 NK-(NxHyNxHN2 ]NxHN2 FJ+ NJ2NF =JxK+,xK(JFFN- vt F *2P NJ2NF $xK(JFFN-z2+NJG vt F *2P Fz vw \ [JN 2zxKM0GLN2PN ?J,+N N-G*+N-+ PJN (JxK+JL,+N2 ]NL-JdN z*, PNF ]N-NJxK PN- H2,+ GJxKN2 ]NxHN2yPN-2 z*, FJH-0yJ0G0LJ,xKN- $JxK+ [JN ^*MyN-NJ+*2L,GNJ,+*2L (J-P IN(NJG, M- NJ2N yN,+JFF+N !N-MzK-N2,H0FyJ2z+J02 MN,+LNGNL+ *2P J,+ LNHN22NJxK2N+ P*-xK PJN J-H,zFHNJ+ PN- NJ2NG2N2 @0F/02N2+N2
wq @2,+GJxKN ]NxHN2yPN-
qqt
2zxK PN2 %NLNG2 PN- #NxK2JH [JN [JdN-N2 PN- 2JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 (0 yNJ 2z+-GJxK z*xK NJ2 D-0+NJG z/z+K0LN2N- 0PN- MzH*G+z+J) /z+K0LN2N- ]zH+N-JN2 FJ+ N-Mz,,+ (J-P [JN J2 H2,+GJxKN2 ]NxHN2yPN-2 J2 [N*+,xKGz2P ,+N--NJxK *2P PN- $xK(NJ N-Gz*y+N2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 z2 M-NJNF \KG0- ['[ ,J2P INP0xK MPJN ^y++*2L /z+K0LN2N- '-0+00N2 2JxK+ z*,-NJxKN2P =*- J2 !N-yJ2P*2L FJ+ NJ2N(J-H,zFN2 ^*MyN-NJ+*2L (J-P PJN N-M0-PN-GJxKN $JxKN-KNJ+ )0- PJN,N2 @-z2HKNJ+, N--NLN-2 N--NJxK+ ^2PN-N-,NJ+, J,+ NJ2N *LzyN )02 [N,J2MNH+J02,FJ++NG2 0K2N z2 LNFN,,N2N ^*MyN-NJ+*2L z*xK yNJ K0KN2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 z2 \KG0- (J-H*2L,G0, [zKN- J,+ PJN [N,J2MNH+J02 #NJG PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L *2P z*M INPN2 EzGG J2+NL-z+J)N#NJG NJ2N- !N-MzK-N2,H0FyJ2z+J02 [JN *LzyN )02 \KG0- J,+ M- ,JxK LN20FFN2 20xK HNJ2N [N,J2MNH+J028 EJG+-z+ (J-P Pz, z*MyN-NJ+N+N z,,N- )0- ZJ2FJ,xK*2L PN, [N,J2MNH+J02,FJ++NG, yNNJxK2N+ EGG(z,,N- E-J,xK(z,,N- J,+ Pz, *- Z-,+ *2P =zxKMGG*2L )N-(N2PN+N z,,N- Pz, yN-(JNLN2P z*, PN- -+GJxKN2 #-J2H(z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L N2+20FFN2 (J-P 0PN*FJ2PN,+ z*, ,N*xKN2KLJN2J,xKN- $JxK+ #-J2H(z,,N-NJLN2,xKzM+N2 yN,J++ =N22yNGz,+*2L = J,+ PJN PN- ]NFN,,*2L *L-*2PN LNGNL+N 'N-,02N2zKG /-0 $+*2 PN >z2 LNK+ PzyNJ Pz)02 z*, Pz,, NJ2NF =JxK+,xK(JFFN- =JxK+,xK(JFFN- yNxHN2 wr Fw f /N-,02N2yN0LN2N z,,N-VxKN77 *2P NJ2NF $xK(JFFN$xK(JFFN-yNxHN2 ut Fw *LN0-P2N+ (N-PN2 *2P PJN ^*MN2+KzG+,NJ+ K yN+-L+ ^*M D-*2P PN- J2,LN,zF+ LN-J2LN-N2 ]N,*xKN-yNGz,+*2L J2 ,+N--NJxKJ,xKN2 *2P ,xK(NJN- ]NxHN2yPN-2 (N-PN2 P0-+ PJN /N-,02N2yN0LN2N2 z,,N-VxKN2 N+(z, LN- z2LN,N++n v Fw M- NJ2N2 =JxK+,xK(JFFN- *2P t Fw M- NJ2N2 $xK(JFFN- BF LGNJxKN2 !N-KG+2J, )N-FJ2PN-+ ,JxK PzyNJ PN- !0G*FN2,+-0F &77 M- LGNJxK L-0N ]NxHN2 LNLN2yN- ]NFN,,*2LN2 2zxK [B= psuv %NJ2(z,,N- J,+ PJN ]NNJxK2*2L PN, z*MyN-NJ+N+N2 z,,N-, 2zxK ZJ2FJ,xK*2L PN, [N,J2MNH+J02,FJ++NG, %0K(z,,N- J,+ Pz, PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L *LNMK-+N z,,N-
qqs
w ]zPN(z,,N-
$xKGzFF(z,,N- J,+ Pz, yNJ PN- $/G*2L PN- EJG+N- z2MzGGN2PN # ,NK- ,+z-H FJ+ z20-Lz2J,xKN2 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $+0dN2 *2P >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 )N-*2-NJ2JL+N z,,N- $xK(JFF 0PN- ]zPNyNxHN2 ,J2P H02+J2*JN-GJxK *2P LGNJxKFJL P*-xK,+-F+N z,,N-yNxHN2 J2 PNF ,JxK FNK-N-N >N2,xKN2 LGNJxKNJ+JL 0PN- J2 NJ+GJxKN- E0GLN yN,+JFF*2L,LNF z*MKzG+N2 $/G(z,,N- J,+ Pz, *- $/G*2L %xH,/G*2L77 )02 EJG+N-2 )N-(N2PN+N -NJ2N, LNxKG0-+N, z,,N- ^G, z,,N-)N-*2-NJ2JL*2L (N-PN2 PJN J2 Pz, ]NxHN2(z,,N- LNGz2LN2PN2 z20-Lz 2J,xKN2 *2P 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $+0dN ,0(JN >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 yNNJxK2N+ !N-MzK-N2,H0FyJ2z+J02 J,+ PJN DN,zF+KNJ+ PN- !N-MzK-N2,,+*MN2 PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L [N- !0G*FN2,+-0F &77 (J-P 20-FzGN-(NJ,N J2 Fv /-0 $+*2PN FvK z2LNLNyN2 *2P N2+,/-JxK+ PNF '-0P*H+ z*, =N22yNGz,+*2L *2P ]NGz,+yz-HNJ+,MzH+0-
tnt Y*-uK,+-F*2L [JN M*2H+J02NGGN2 ]N-NJxKN PN- ]NxHN2(z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L LGJNPN-2 ,JxK J2 ]NxHN2 P*-xK,+-F*2L ]NxHN2KP-z*GJH *2P z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L ^yy ww NJL+ NJ2N2 ~yN-yGJxH yN- )N-,xKJNPN2N ^-+N2 PN- J2 PN2 )N-Lz2LN2N2 v AzK-N2 NJ2LN,N++N2 ]NxHN2P*-xK,+-F*2LN2 ^ (0yNJ 2*- ^ *2P ^v PN2
A
B II B2
A1 B1
C
A5 I
A2
C1
C2 C3
A3 D1 WT
A5 A4
III
D2
D
^yy ww
~yN-yGJxH PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L *2P [*-xK,+-F*2L )02 ]NxHN2yPN-2
wq @2,+GJxKN ]NxHN2yPN-
qqr
PN-NJ+JLN2 ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 z2 =N*yPN- N2+,/-NxKN2 ,0(JN yN- PJN (NJ yN-NJ+, J2 PN- @z+N-JzG ] Z'$ N+-zNGG*G-N '0G,zxxKz-JPN J2 L-N-N- >N2LN zy,xKNJPN2 H22N2 [N- *2z2LN2NKF,+N !N-+-N+N- PJN,N- D-*//N J,+ ',N*P0F02z, zN-*LJ20,z [JN,N, L-zF2NLz+J)N $+yxKN2yzH+N-J*F (J-P z*xK )02 N+(z s; zGGN- LN,*2PN277 'N-,02N2 z*, PNF [z-F z*,LN,xKJNPN2 *2P LNGz2L+ ,0 J2 Pz, ]NxHN2(z,,N- [JN,N @0+-N,+N FJ+ PN2 ', zN-*LJ20,z ,xKNJ2N2 L*+ (z,,N- G,GJxK * ,NJ2 *2P *2+N-GJNLN2 PzFJ+ NJ2N- [N,J2MNH+J02 JF ]zPN(z,,N- J2 H*-NNJ+ DNGz2LN2 ,JN z*M D-*2P NJ2N, M- PJN [N,J2MNH+J02 * H*-N2 @02+zH+N, y( zG, NGG)N-yz2P J2 )J+zGNF *,+z2P J2 Pz, EJG+N-yN++ H22N2 ,JN P*-xK JK-N Fz,,J)N $xKGNJF/-0P*H+J02 yN-NJ+, yNJ %N,+xKG0-FN2LN2 )02 t FLG (zxK,N2 *2P ,NK- ,xK2NGG Fz,,J)N ]J0XGFN yJGPN2 [JN,N H22N2 2*- P*-xK ,NK- K0KN \KG0-FN2 LN2 t FLG ['[ (JNPN- N2+MN-2+ (N-PN2 N,N2+GJxK NJ2MzxKN- *2P *F(NG+ ,xK02N2PN- J,+ PJN Z2+MN-2*2L P*-xK $/G*2L FJ+ EG*JPJ,JN-*2L PN, EJG+N-yN++N, #JN MN2y-*22N- N+ zG pqr DNK+ Fz2 )02 NJ2N- N-M0-PN-GJxKN2 ]N++z*,PNK2*2L )02 ; 0K2N PJN $++,xKJxK+N2 z*, ,0 +-N+N2 PzyNJ PJN @-2N- LN-J2LMLJL z*,NJ 2z2PN- *2P -NJyN2 P*-xK PJN,N ]N(NL*2L ,JxK LNLN2,NJ+JL PJN ]J0XGFN )02 PN2 NK-,xKJxK+XG+N- >$E H0FyJ2JN-N2 NJ2N %z*FXG+N-,xKJxK+ -0K(z,,N-,NJ+JL z*, $+NJ2H0KGN Cz2PNG,2zFN ] CP-0z2+K-zJ+ C ,xK(N- 0PN- = GNJxK+n ,+-HNzP,0-y+J) (J-H,zF 0PN- J2 ,/NJNGGN2 EGGN2 z*, ]JF,N2 FJ+ NJ2N- Pz-*2+N-GJNLN2PN2 ENJ2,z2P,xKJxK+ yN-(JNLN2P u yJ, q FF @0-2P*-xKFN,N- PJN zG, $/N--,xKJxK+ PN2 ^*,+-zL PN- J2 EG0xHN2 LNy*2PN2N2 z,,N-)N-*2-NJ2JL*2LN2 z*, PNF %z*F XG+N- )N-KJ2PN-+ [JN K*XL,+N2 ENKGN- PJN * NJ2N- @02+zFJ2z+J02 !N-HNJF*2L77 )0- zGGNF PN- $/N--XG+N-,xKJxK+ MK-N2 ,J2P NJ2N-,NJ+, 2JxK+ -JxK+JL zyLN,+JFF+N D- N2)N-KG+2J,,N y( ,/NJX,xKN DN(JxK+N PN- EJG+N-Fz+N-JzGJN2 *2P z2PN-N-,NJ+, 2JxK+ z*M PJN,N EJG+N-Fz+N-JzGJN2 zyLN,+JFF+N EJG+N-yNKG+N- FJ+ * LN-J2LNF E-NJ y0-P )0- zGGNF yNJ !N-(NxK,G*2LN2 PN, ,xK(N-N2 FJ+ PNF GNJxK+N2 CP-0z2+K-z J+Fz+N-JzG yNJ V*JPJ,JN-N2PN- $/G*2L ]NJPN, MK-+ Pz* Pz,, %z*FXG+N-Fz+N-JzG z*,LN+-zLN2 (J-P "F PJN, * )N-FNJPN2 (J-P PJN $/GLN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ -NP*JN-+ [zFJ+ Hz22 *FNJ,+ PJN $/N--,z2P,xKJxK+ 2JxK+ FNK- z*,-NJxKN2P )02 PN2 ]zH+N -JN2yJ0XGFN2 LN,*yN-+ (N-PN2 PJN PN,(NLN2 ^LL-NLz+N ]J0XGF,+xHN zyLNyN2 PJN (JNPN-*F FJ+ PN2 LN-J2LN2 \KG0-H02N2+-z+J02N2 JF ]NxHN2(z,,N- 2JxK+ FNKPN,J2XJN-yz- ,J2P BF DNLN2,z+ *F ZJ2,xKJxK+XG+N- ,+NJL+ PN- EJG+N-PJdN-N2P-*xH 2JxK+ GJ2Nz- *]NGzP*2L FJ+ $xKF*+,+0dN2 ,02PN-2 NJL+ *2xK,+ Hz*F NJ2N [-*xHPJdN-N2 z2 $0yzGP zyN- PJN $xKF*+M-02+ PJN $/N--,z2P,xKJxK+ N--NJxK+ (J-P ,NK- ,xK2NGG z*xK PN- FzJFzGN EJG+N-PJdN-N2P-*xH z2LNNJL+ [JN, Hz22 )0- zGGNF Pz22 NJ2 '-0yGNF Pz-,+NGGN2 (N22 zF >0-LN2 NJ2N, ]zPN+zLN, FJ+ ,+z-HN- ]NGz,+*2L )JNGN @J2PN- N+x PN- FzJFzGN EJG+N-PJdN-N2P-*xH )02 u yz- N--NJxK+ (J-P *2P N-,+ zF ^yN2P LN,/G+ (N-PN2 Hz22 ^*+0Fz+J,xKN $/GNJ2-JxK+*2LN2 FJ+ $/G)N- LN-*2L (K-N2P PN- ]zPNNJ+ ,0GGN2 PN,KzGy yNJ >$E z*M NJ2N2 LN-J2LN-N2 [JdN -N2P-*xH NJ2LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2 ^H+J)H0-2H0KGNXG+N- )N-KzG+N2 ,JxK *2xK,+ K2GJxK PN2 >NK-,xKJxK+XG+N-2 GNPJL GJxK JK-N !N-HNJF*2L,77#N2PN2 J,+ 20xK (N,N2+GJxK KKN- #JNMN2y-*22N- pqs BF EJG+N-yN++ PN- ^H+J)H0-2H0KGN NJ2N- J+ * PN2 N-M0-PN-GJxKN2 +NxK2J,xKN2 DNLNyN2 KNJ+N2 M- LN-J2LN (J-H,zFN [N/0+\KG0-H02N2+-z+J02N2 KG+ 2z+-GJxK z*xK PJN ]NxHN2P*-xK,+-F*2L %NJ2N !N-P-2L*2L,,,+NFN FJ+ JK-N- +-LN2 GzFJ2z-N2 $+- F*2L PJN ,+NF/NGz-+JL P*-xK Pz, ]NxHN2 JNK+ P-MN2 2z+-GJxK 2JxK+ FNK- )N- (N2PN+ (N-PN2 *2P ,J2P P*-xK F0PN-2N >J,xK,,+NFN FJ+ H*-N2 ZJ2FJ,xKNJ+N2 *2P HGNJ2N2 [N,J2MNH+J02,FJ++NG*2+N-,xKJNPN2 * N-,N+N2 ,JNKNo ]NxHN2P*-xK,+- F*2L
tnq ?*M+Hw2GN ?*M+Hz2GN PJN yN-(JNLN2P J2+N-FJ++JN-N2P FJ+ ?*M+ LN-J2LN2 [-*xHN, yNz*M,xKGzL+ (N-PN2 *2P FJ+ PNF ]NxHN2(z,,N- *FNJ,+ yN- [,N2 J2 !N-yJ2P*2L ,+NKN2 F,,N2 ,0 H02,+-*JN-+ ,NJ2 Pz,, ,JN (K-N2P PN- $+JGG,+z2PNJ+N2 PN, ?*M+H0F/-N, ,0-, FJ+ %NJ2(z,,N- P*-xK,/G+ (N-PN2 H22N2 [N- D-*2P PzM- J,+ PN- Pz,, z*xK yNJ NJ2LNyz*+N2 %xHV*,,)N-KJ2PN-N-2 (J,xKN2 ]NxHN2(z,,N- *2P PJN,N2 # (NJ+ G*FJLN2 ?*M+Hz2GN2 N, 2JxK+ FLGJxK J,+ PJN %xH(z2PN-*2L77 )02 >JH-00-Lz 2J,FN2 )0- zGGNF ]zH+N-JN2 J2 PJN,N %*FN * )N-KJ2PN-2 $JN H22+N2 P0-+ z2
wq @2,+GJxKN ]NxHN2yPN-
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PN- LN,zF+N2 B22N20yN-VxKN 0PN- 2*- z2 #NJGN2 Pz)02 Fz,,J)N ]J0XGFN z*,yJGPN2 PJN Pz22 yNJ ?*M+yN+-JNy J2 #NJGN2 zyLN-J,,N2 *2P IN 2zxK [,N2z-+ yN-(JNLN2P J2 ^N-0,0GM0-F J2 PJN ^+NF(NLN PN- ]zPN2PN2 LNGz2LN2 H22N2 ]N,02PN-N ]NPN*+*2L Kz+ KJN- (JNPN-*F ', zN-*LJ20,z NyN2,0 INP0xK z*xK ?NLJ02NGGz /2N*F0/KJGz FJ+ LN-J2LN-N- zK-,xKNJ2GJxKHNJ+ z*xK z2PN-N ?NLJ02NGGz $/NJN, JxK+JL J,+ J2 PJN,NF EzGGN PJN @02,N.*N2 PN- >z2zKFN Pz 2*- JF N-,+N2 $+zPJ*F PN- ]J0XGFyJGP*2L PJN,N P*-xK PJN JF %NJ2(z,,N- )0-Kz2PN2N @02N2+-z+J02 z2 M-NJNF \KG0- ,JxKN)N-KJ2PN-+ (N-PN2 Hz22 CJN- (J-HN2 ,JxK z*xK [*-xK,xKGLN77 )02 ,NK- LN-J2LN2 >N2LN2 '*G)N-H0KGN yNJF !N-MzK-N2 [B= psuvw yN,02PN-, 2zxKKzG+JL z*, ^2 zGGN2 $+NGGN2 (0 NJ2 ^H+J)H0KGNH-2xKN2 >z,,N2z2+NJG PN- $JNyM-zH+J02 ut FF J,+ t; zyLNGzLN-+ (J-P 0PN- KzM+N2 yGNJy+ (J-P PJN J-H*2L PN, [N,J2MNH+J02,FJ++NG, \KG0- z*MLNK0yN2 [JN, LN,xKJNK+ 2z+-GJxK z*xK JF ]NxHN2 ,NGy,+ )0- zGGNF J2 PN2 EGJN,N2M*LN2n KJN- J,+ INP0xK P*-xK Pz, -NLNGFJLN ^y,z*LN2 FJ+ PNF "2+N-(z,,N-,z*LN- HNJ2N G2LN-N !N-(NJGNJ+ y( HNJ2N @*F*Gz+J02 ]JG P*2L ,+zyJGN- ]J0XGFN LNLNyN2
tnp w-F,/-*PNGvNuHN2 $[ [JN [NX2J+J02 M- PJN,N ]NxHN2z-+ (*-PN J2 PN- = > sws wp M0GLN2 PN-FzN2 MN,+LNGNL+o77^G, z-F,/-*PNGyNxHN2 (N-PN2 ]NxHN2 yNNJxK2N+ PJN FJ+ (z-FN2 z,,N- LNMGG+ ,J2P *2P yNJ PN2N2 yN- NJ2N2 (N,N2+GJxKN2 #NJG PN, z, ,N-H-/N-, FJ++NG, ?*M+P,N2 0PN- FJ++NG, ?*M+ z,,N-[,N2 ?*M+ NJ2LN/-N,,+ (J-P 77 B2 PN- [B= psuv (N-PN2 PJN,N ]NxHN2 PNX2JN-+ zG, H02+J2*JN-GJxK P*-xK ,+-F+N z,,N-yNxHN2 J2 PN-N2 M- PN2 ^*MN2+KzG+ )02 ]zPN2PN2 )0-LN,NKN2N2 #NJGN2 (z-FN, z,,N- P*-xK ZJ2+-zLN2 )02 ?*M+ ,/-*PNG+ *2P J2 PN2N2 ,JxK >N2 ,xKN2 LGNJxKNJ+JL 0PN- J2 NJ+GJxKN- E0GLN z*MKzG+N2 [JN z,,N-+NF/N-z+*- GJNL+ yNJ N+(z vr \77 [JN ,+N-- DN,N+LNy*2L ]KLD uwpq *2+N-,xKNJPN+ (NJ #/N2 )02 z-F ,/-*PNGyNxHN2o ^2GzLN2 FJ+ !0GGz,+ *2P w ^2GzLN2 FJ+ #NJGGz,+]N+-JNy [N- #NJG Gz,+yN+-JNy (J-P ,0 PNX2JN-+ Pz,, PJN,N ^2GzLN2 N2+(NPN- 2*- yJ, Fz t $+*2PN2 /-0 #zL yN+-JNyN2 (N-PN2 0PN- Pz,, (K-N2P PN- +LGJxKN2 ]N2+*2L,NJ+ t; PN=N22Gz,+ =N22yNGz,+*2L ]N+-JNy,NJ+ 2JxK+ yN-,xK-J++N2 (N-PN2 N,N2+GJxK J,+ PzyNJ Pz,, yNJ $] FJ+ #NJGGz,+yN+-JNy NJ2N %JxK+FN2LN )02 r ?J+N-2 IN 'N-,02 z2 EGG(z,,N- FJ++GN-N, !N-P-2L*2L,)0G*FN2 NJ2N- 'N-,02 (z2L,(NJ,N (K-N2P PN]zPNNJ+ *LNMK-+ (N-PN2 F*,, [JN, MK-+ yNJ PN2 N+-NF 2K-,+0dz-FN2 #-J2H(, ,N-2 * NJ2N- PN*+GJxKN2 !N-yN,,N-*2L PN- &*zGJ++ PN, ]NxHN2(z,,N-, (0yNJ PJN ^2/z,,*2L z2 PJN ]N,*xKN-M-N.*N2 z*+0Fz+J,xK z,,N-,/JNLNG JF z,,N-,/NJxKN-NJxK+ JF %*KN*,+z2P yJ, z2 PJN ~yN-Gz*MHz2+N =zxK,/NJ,*2L *2FJ++NGyz- P*-xK N2+,/-NxKN2P NJ2LN,+NGG+N =J)Nz*LNyN- N-M0GL+ [JN,N2 yJ, KN*+N *2)N-2PN-+N2 !0- LzyN2 LJ2LN2 J2+N2,J)N "2+N-,*xK*2LN2 *2P !N-,*xKN J2 C0+NGyN+-JNyN2 #JNMN2y-*2 2N- N+ zG prp )0-z*, ^2GzLN2 FJ+ !0GGGz,+]N+-JNy ,J2P /-J2J/JNGG z2 NJ2N D-0,,z2Gz LN z2*,xKGJN,,N2 (0yNJ KJN- PN- *,xKGzL *- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L,z2GzLN PN, D-0,,yNxHN2, FJ2PN,+N2, Pz, M2MNK2MzxKN ,NJ2N, !0G*FN2, zyLNH-+ te! PN, $] yN+-zLN2 F*,, *2P PN- ,+2PGJxKN E-PN-,+-0F z*M FJ2PN,+N2, qe!K PN, $] NJ2*,+NGGN2 J,+ B2 PN- [B= psuv (N-PN2 $] J2 ,0GxKN FJ+ $N/z-z+N- =*+*2L77 $B^ vqto FJ+ yNL-N2+N- =*+*2L77 *2P J2 ,0GxKN FJ+ H0FyJ2JN-+N- =*+*2L77 *2+N-+NJG+
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$] FJ+ ,N/z-z+N- =*+*2L77 ,J2P ,0 N--JxK+N+ Pz,, JK-N ]N2*+N- N2+(NPN- HNJ2N2 *Lz2L * z2PN-N2 ]zPN *2P $xK(JFFyNxHN2^2GzLN2 KzyN2 0PN- 2*- * ,0GxKN2 PJN NJ2N =N22yNGz,+*2L FJ+ FNK- zG, t 'N-,02N2 IN $+*2PN z*M(NJ,N2 B2 PJN,N2 ]NxHN2 ,J2P HGz- N-HN22yz-N $J+/G+N M- PJN ]N2+N- NJ2*-JxK+N2 (0yNJ /-0 'Gz+ FJ2PN,+N2, NJ2 ]NxHN2)0G*FN2 )02 u Fv )0-*,NKN2 J,+ $] FJ+ ,N/z-z+N=*+*2L P-MN2 HNJ2 !0G*FN2 *2+N- s Fv z*M(NJ,N2 *2P NJ2N z,,N-+JNMN )02 F 2JxK+ yN-,xK-NJ+N2 [N- N-M0-PN-GJxKN !0G*FN2,+-0F N--NxK2N+ ,JxK Pz-z*, Pz,, IN 'N-,02 NJ2 !0G*FN2 )02 w Fv z*MyN-NJ+N+NF z,,N- *- !N-ML*2L ,+NKN2 F*,, $] J2 H0FyJ2JN-+N- =*+*2L77 ,J2P J2 ]zPN *2P $xK(JFFyNxHN2^2GzLN2 ,0 z2LN0-P2N+ Pz,, ,JN LNFNJ2,zF FJ+ PN2 (NJ+N-N2 ]NxHN2 2zxK M-NJN- zKG *- !N-M L*2L ,+NKN2 "F ]NGz,+*2L,,/J+N2 * )N-FNJPN2 F,,N2 $] )02 FJ2PN,+N2, u Fv J2,LN,zF+ J2 PJN,N2 ^2GzLN2 )0-Kz2PN2 ,NJ2 M- IN(NJG, (NJ+N-N s K =N22yNGz, +*2L zGGN- z2PN-N2 ]NxHN2 ,J2P w Fv $]!0G*FN2 * zPPJN-N2 [N- !0G*FN2 ,+-0F J2 $] FJ+ H0FyJ2JN-+N- =*+*2L yN+-L+ we!K J2 PN- $B^ vqt (N-PN2 yNJ zPz/+J)N- $xKzG+*2L 2*- te!K yN2+JL+ DNFNJ2,zF J,+ GN++GJxK zGGN2 $] #JNMN2y-*22N- N+ zG pqv pqr Pz,, ,JN JF !N-LGNJxK * D-0yNxHN2 NJ2N (N,N2+GJxK KKN-N ]NGz,+*2L *2FJ++NGyz- )02 PN2 ]zPN2PN2 N-MzK-N2 *2P #NF/N-z+*-N2 z*M(NJ,N2 yNJ PN2N2 ,JxK FN2,xKN2/z+K0LN2N ]zH+N-JN2 -z,xK )N-FNK-N2 H22N2 [JN ZGJFJ2z+J02 PJN,N- ]NGz,+*2L N-M0GL+ NJ2N- ,NJ+, P*-xK Fz,,J)N !N-P22*2L yNJ PN- +LGJxKN2 $/G*2L PN- EJG+N-z2GzLN2 *2P z2PN-N-,NJ+, P*-xK PJN ?NJ,+*2L PN- ]NxHN2(z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L,^2GzLN [JN $/G (z,,N-FN2LN J,+ yNJ $] (N,N2+GJxK L-N- zG, yNJ z2PN-N2 ]NxHN2 Pz ,JN ,JxK J2 PN- %NGz+J02 PN- EJG+N-VxKN *- z,,N-VxKN PN*+GJxK )02 PJN,N2 *2+N-,xKNJPN2 B2 PN- '-zJ, J,+ PJN J-H*2L PN- EG0xH*2L, *2P EJG+N-z2GzLN2 J2 $] (N,N2+GJxK LN-J2LN- zG, yNJ D-0yNxHN2 [N- D-*2P PzM- J,+ 2JxK+ PJN @GNJ2-*FJLHNJ+ y( K0KN ]NGz,+*2L P*-xK 0-Lz2J,xKN $*y,+z2N2 ,02PN-2 PN- ZJ2+-zL )02 [N+N-LN2+JN2 $xKzF/00, $NJMN2-N,+N '*+FJ++NG J2 PJN )N-LGNJxK,(NJ,N * D-0yNxHN2 FJ2JFzGN DN,zF+(z,,N-FN2LN
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strn LGJxKHNJ+ 2JxK+ z*M+-N+N2 ]NJ PN- ]N,+JFF*2L PN, ]$] J2 NJ2N'-0yN2-NJKN FJ+ *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN- !N-P22*2L P*-xK z,,N- !N-P22*2L,-NJKN Hz22 NJ2N +0J,xKN J-H*2L N-Hz22+ (N-PN2 (NJG PN- ]$]t J2 PN- )N-P22+N2 '-0yN *FLN-NxK2N+ KKN- J,+ zG, J2 PN- *2)N-P22+N2 '-0yNn
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ps
v ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L *F $xK*+N PN- DN(,,N- *2P JK-N- =*+yz-HNJ+
[*-xK PJN %NLNG*2L PN, $xKGzFFzy*L, JF ]NGNy*2L,yNxHN2 Hz22 Pz, ^G+N- PN]zH+N-JN2/0/*Gz+J02 ]NGNy+,xKGzFF yNNJ2V*,,+ (N-PN2 ^G, E0GLN PN- ^2M0-PN -*2LN2 z2 PJN ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L z*M @G-z2GzLN2 ] (NJ+N-LNKN2PN %NJ2JL*2L FJ+ =J+-JXHz+J02 F*,, NJ2 KKN-N, $xKGzFFzG+N- LN(KG+ (N-PN2 [zyNJ N2+(JxHNG+ ,JxK NJ2N z2PN-N >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2>J,xK/0/*Gz+J02 zG, J2 NJ2NF C0xKGz,+]NGN y*2L,)N-MzK-N2 FJ+ 2JNP-JLNF $xKGzFFzG+N- [JN ]zH+N-JN2 H22N2 ,JxK G2LN-N NJ+ zPz/+JN-N2 *2P ,xK(N-N- zyyz*yz-N $*y,+z2N2 )N-z+FN2 ^GGLNFNJ2 Hz22 Fz2 MN,+,+NGGN2 Pz,, K2GJxK (JN PJN =J+-JXHz2+N2 =J+-0,0F02z, *2P =J+-0yzx+N- PN- z-+JLN $/NJzGJ,+N2 NJ2N Gz2L,zFN-N !N-FNK-*2L #NJG*2L,-z+N z*M(NJ,N2 *2P Pz P*-xK J2 K0xKyNGz,+N+N2 ^2GzLN2 FJ+ LN-J2LNF $xKGzFFzG+N- ,JxK 2JxK+ J2 z*,-NJ xKN2PNF >zN z2-NJxKN-2 H22N2 [JN yNL-N2+N ?,GJxKHNJ+ )02 ?*M+,z*N-,+0d JF z,,N- xz q FLG $z*N-,+0d yNJ w \ *2P =0-FzGG*M+P-*xH yNJ JF ^GGLNFNJ2N2 (NJ+ KKN-NF ]NPz-M z2 $z*N-,+0d yNJ PN- ]NKz2PG*2L )02 ^y(z,,N- N-M0-PN-+ H2,+GJxKN !N-2PN-*2L PN- !N-KG+2J,,N )02 ]NPz-M *2P ^2LNy0+ zG, ,/NJNGGN >N+K0PN2 *- ]N,+JFF*2L PN, ]J0xKNFJ,xKN2 $z*N-,+0dyNPz-M, PJN JF E0GLN2PN2 N-G*+N-+ (N-PN2 [JN (JxK+JL,+N2 ,J2Po ]N,+JFF*2L PN, ]$] J2 2 #zLN2 P*-xK ,+N+JLN !N-P22*2L PN- *-,/-2LGJxKN2 '-0yN FJ+ ,z*N-,+0dKzG+JLNF z,,N- *2P ]N,+JFF*2L PN, )N-yGNJyN2PN2 $z*N- ,+0d, >N+K0PN 2zxK PNF !N-P22*2L,/-J2J/ 0PN- !N-P22*2L,]$] )LG Z= qpp vppqn Fz20FN+-J,xKN >N+K0PN2 FJ+ ]N,+JFF*2L PN, "2+N-P-*xH, 2zxK ^y,0-/+J02 PN, N2+,+NKN2PN2 \zL2N,J*F,*GMz+KN/ +zKP-z+ ?,*2L wwt LG \zGxJ*FxKG0-JP ?,*2L wrt LG *2P ZJ,N2BBBxKG0 -JPKNzKP-z+ ?,*2L wt LG [JN ?,*2L z2,xKGJNN2P z*M FG )N-P22N2 FJ,xKN2 z*M NJ2N #NF/N-z+*)02 w \ } w \ y-J2LN2 *2P FJ2PN,+N2, $+*2PN yNGM+N2 [zyNJ J,+ INPN !N-*2-NJ2JL*2L * )N-FNJPN2 ^*N-PNF J,+ ,JxKN-*,+NGGN2 Pz,, PJN @02N2+-z+J02 z2 LNG,+NF $z*N-,+0d FJ2PN,+N2, q FLG yN+-L+ ZJ2N ~yN-,++JL*2L FJ+ $z*N-,+0d F*,, z*,LN,xKG0,,N2 (N-PN2n PN,KzGy ,0GG PJN ?,*2L )0- PN- >N,,*2L $+*2PN J2 NJ2NF 2JxK+ )N-,xKG0,,N2N2 DNM -*KN2 AN ?J+N- !N-P22*2L,(z,,N- ,J2P t yJ, w FG BF/M(z,,N- ] H0FF*2zGN, ^y (z,,N- 2zxK $NPJFN2+z+J02 FzJFzG v FLG \$] 0PN- FLG #z-HN z*dGGN2 ]NJ NJ2NF !N-P22*2L,MzH+0- NJ2N ,N-JNGGN !N-P22*2L J2 (NJ 0PN- FNK-N-N2 $xK-J++N2 P*-xKMK-N2 [JN >N,,Pz*N- )02 t #zLN2 J,+ NJ2N J2+N-2z+J02zG LNy-*xKGJxKN !N-,*xK,NJ+ J2 PN- (z- (JN yN-NJ+, N-(K2+ HNJ2 )0GG,+2PJLN- ^yyz* PN- 0-Lz2J,xKN2 B2KzG+, ,+0dN ,+z++X2PN2 Hz22 zyN- FNJ,+ z*xK 20xK 2JxK+ FJ+ NJ2N- =J+-JXHz+J02 LN-NxK2N+ (J-P B2 $xK(NPN2 (J-P z*, z-yNJ+,+NxK2J,xKN2 D-2PN2 ,xK02 ,NJ+ Gz2LN- NJ+ NJ2N >N,,Pz*N- )02 r #zLN2 LN(KG+ >J+ NJ2N- =J+-JXHz+J02 J,+ Pz22 ,xK02 NKN- * -NxK2N2 *- "2+N-P-xH*2L PN- =J+-JXHz+J02 z2 $+NGGN2 J2 PN- @G-z2GzLN (0 ,JN *2N-(2,xK+ J,+ ,+NKN2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN \KNFJHzGJN2 *- !N-ML*2L FLG = ^GGG+KJ0Kz-2,+0d \uCq=w$ y( t FLG w\KG0-s+-JxKG0-FN+KG/-JPJ2 \sCv\Gu= ^*,(N-+*2Lo *- ]N,+JFF*2L PN, ]$]2 J2 PN2 ^2zG,N2G,*2LN2 ,J2P PJN M0G LN2PN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 M- PJN $z*N-,+0dH02N2+-z+J02 * yNzxK+N2o xv 6 x g xw 6 w Y xv
vv
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vu
xv @02N2+-z+J02 z2 LNG,+NF $z*N-,+0d PN- ]GJ2P(N-+G,*2L *- NJ+ =*GG J2 FLG xu @02N2+-z+J02 z2 LNG,+NF $z*N-,+0d PN- ]GJ2P(N-+G,*2L 2zxK 2 #zLN2 J2 FLG !N '-0yN2)0G*FN2 Pz, M- PJN CN-,+NGG*2L PN- yN+-NdN2PN2 ^2zG,N2G,*2LN2 NJ2LN,N++ (*-PN J2 FG !+ DN,zF+)0G*FN2 PJN,N- ^2zG,N2G,*2L J2 FG B2 ^yy v J,+ Pz, ^yyz*)N-KzG+N2 *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN- $*y,+-z+N ,xKNFz+J,xK Pz- LN,+NGG+ "2+N- PN- !0-z*,,N+*2L Pz,, NJ2N ^PPJ+J)J++ PN- "2+N-,*xK*2L,/z-zFN+N- ] ]$]t $z*N-,+0dNK-*2L LNLNyN2 J,+ ,J2P M0GLN2PN )JN- !z-Jz2+N2 PN, ^yyz*)N- KzG+N2, 0-Lz2J,xKN- ^y(z,,N-B2KzG+,,+0dN FLGJxK ^yy vo ]NJ 2JNP-JLN2 $*y,+-z+H02N2+-z+J02N2 X2PN+ NJ2 *2LNKNFF+N- ^yyz* ,+z++ yNJ KKN-N2 $*y,+-z+H02N2+-z+J02N2 GJNL+ FLGJxKN-(NJ,N NJ2N CNFF*2L )0- w JN yNJ zyN- yNJ KKN-N2 $*y,+-z+H02N2+-z+J02N2 Hz22 PJN z*,LN/-L+N CNF F*2L zG, +0J,xKN J-H*2L z*M PJN ]zH+N-JN2 J2+N-/-N+JN-+ (N-PN2 v [z, $*y,+-z+ )N-KG+ ,JxK J2PJdN-N2+ P K Pz,, N, 2JxK+ zyyz*yz- ,02PN-2 /N- ,J,+N2+ J,+ u B2 LN-J2LN2 @02N2+-z+J02N2 J,+ Pz, $*y,+-z+ J2PJdN-N2+ yNJ KKN-N2 @02N2 +-z+J02N2 (J-H+ N, +0J,xK z*M ]zH+N-JN2
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strt >w20FN+-J,uKN [$[q[N,+JFF*2L [z, >N,,/-J2J/ PN- Fz20FN+-J,xKN2 ]$]t]N,+JFF*2L yz,JN-+ z*M PN- #z+,zxKN Pz,, yNJF yJ0xKNFJ,xKN2 ^yyz* *2+N- !N-y-z*xK )02 $z*N-,+0d z M- PN2 ]$] [JN CN-,+NGGNKzyN2 PJN %NLJ,+-JN-LN-+N FNJ,+N2, ,0 HzGJy-JN-+ Pz,, PN- ]$] PJ-NH+ J2 FLG $z* N-,+0d zyLNGN,N2 (N-PN2 Hz22 [JN * *2+N-,*xKN2PN '-0yN (J-P N)+G 2zxK !N-P22*2L *2P Z-L2*2L FJ+ =K-,zGN2 *2P0PN- z2PN-N2 \KNFJHzGJN2 ] *- CNFF*2L PN- =J+-JXHz+J02 J2 Pz, %NzH+J02,LNM LNMGG+ *2P *2+N- ,+2PJLNF %K-N2 +NF/N-JN-+ [JN /-zH+J ,xKN [*-xKMK-*2L N2+,/-JxK+ PN-IN2JLN2 yNJF !N-P22*2L,]$] [z, %NzH+J02, LNM J,+ yN- @*2,+,+0d,xKG*xKN FJ+ PNF $z*N-,+0dN-N*LN- *2P PNF >z20FN+N)N-y*2PN2 =zxK zyLN,xKG0,,N2N- #NF/N-JN-*2L (J-P Pz, $,+NF G*M+PJxK+ )N- ,xKG0,,N2 ,0 Pz,, LN-J2LN ?*M+P-*xH,xK(z2H*2LN2 ,JxK 2JxK+ z*,(J-HN2 [JN, *2 +N-,xKNJPN+ N, )02 NJ2NF $,+NF Pz, z*M PN- >z20FN+N-,NJ+N 0dN2 J,+
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v ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L *F $xK*+N PN- DN(,,N- *2P JK-N- =*+yz-HNJ+
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$*FFN2yJGP*2L yJ, 2 M- 2 B2P*,+-JNNJ2GNJ+N&, #zLN,,/J+N PN, $xKF*+(z,,N-*V*,,N, J2 FvK &M AzK-N,FJ++NG(N-+ PN, E-NFP(z,,N-*V*,,N, z*, >J,xK *2P #-N22LNyJN+N2 yNJ #-0xHN2(N++N- J2 FvK $+*2PN2,z+ J2 $+*2PN2 &K +LGJxKN- *V*,, z*, 0K2LNyJN+N2 NJ2,xKGJNGJxK PN, HGNJ2LN(N-yGJxKN2 ^2+NJG, J2 FvK &K f Z Y (,wu FJ+ Z f z2LN,xKG0,,N2N ZJ2(0K2N-n (, f z,,N-yNPz-M J2 FvZ Y P zLB ^-yNJ+,,+*2PN2 /-0 #zL yNJ NJ2N- $xKJxK+ f q $+*2PN2 yLB '-0P*H+J02,+zLN /-0 AzK&L #zLN,FJ++NG PN, LN(N-yGJxKN2 ^y(z,,N-*V*,,N, J2 FvK &B #zLN,FJ++NG PN, J2P*,+-JNGGN2 ^y(z,,N-*V*,,N, J2 FvK ?JNLN2 HNJ2N >N,,(N-+N )0- ,0 Hz22 PN- $/J+N2*V*,, z*, PNF K*,GJxKN2 *2P HGNJ2LN(N-yGJxKN2 ]N-NJxK FJ+ uu FvK IN ZJ2(0K2N- *2P z*, PNF LN(N-yGJxKN2 *2P J2P*,+-JNGGN2 ]N-NJxK FJ+ q FvK Y Kz-NP Kz-NP f yNMN,+JL+N EGxKN FJ+ ^yV*,, J2 PJN @z2zGJ,z+J02 JF ZJ2*L,LNyJN+ J2 Kz z2LN,N++ (N-PN2 E- PN2 E-NFP(z,,N-*V*,, 2JxK+ H02+-0GGJN-+N *V,,N Pz-M FJ+ yJ, * tu Fv K Y Kz-NP LN-NxK2N+ (N-PN2 ]NJ >J,xKHz2zGJ,z+J02 ,0GG z*xK M- PN2 #-0xHN2(N++N-*Gz*M FJ+ PNF P0//NG+N2 N-+ )02 &, LN-NxK2N+ (N-PN2o ]NJ %NLN2 (J-P PJN ]NGNy*2L,z2GzLN J2 PN- %NLNG yN,xKJxH+ FJ+ &F f w &, h &M [N- &F N-+ PN- @z2zGJ,z+J02 F*,, FJ+ PNF &F N-+ PN- ]NGNy*2L,z2GzLN J2 ZJ2HGz2L LNy-zxK+ (N-PN277 ^#! ^-yNJ+,yGz++ ^ v
srr !N-MwK-N2 PN- \v(w,,N--NJ2JL*2L srr \GGLNFNJ2N, B2 PN2 2z+-GJxKN2 DN(,,N-2 N-M0GL+ PN- zN-0yN ^yyz* PN- $xKF*+,+0dN J2 N-,+N$+*MN P*-xK PJN $+0d(NxK,NG++JLHNJ+ PN- ]zH+N-JN2 PJN ,JxK N2+(NPN- zG, ^*M(*xK, z*M $+NJ2N2 'Vz2N2 *,( yNX2PN2 0PN- NJ2NG2 y( J2 @0G02JN2 EG0xHN2 JF z,,N- M-NJ ,xK(NyN2 [JN,N ]zH+N-JN2 PJN2N2 Pz22 PN2 ,0 LN2z22+N2 ]zH+N-JN2 M-N,,N-2 ]zH+N-J0/KzLN2 zG, =zK-*2L PJN JK-N-,NJ+, (JNPN- )02 N+(z, L-N-N2 @GNJ2GNyN(N,N2 ] %PN-+JN-xKN2 LNM-N,,N2 (N-PN2 [JN,N E-N,,HN++N ,N++ ,JxK M0-+ *2P N2PN+ ,xKGJNGJxK yNJ PN2 EJ,xKN2 [N- yN2+JL+N $z*N-,+0d (J-P Kz*/+ ,xKGJxK yN- PJN D-N2VxKN ?*M+ z,,N- LNGJNMN-+ [z, LJG+ M- EGJNLN(,,N- *2P +JNMN $NN2 B2 VzxKN2 ,+NKN2PN2 DN(,,N-2 Hz22 P*-xK D-2/Vz2N2 yNJ $022N2 NJ2,+-zKG*2L PJN $z*N-,+0dN2+(JxHG*2L P*-xK ^,,JFJGz+J02 )02 \N+Kz2 $*F/MLz,77 @0KGN2,+0dPJ0JP *2P LJM +JLNF $xK(NMNG(z,,N-,+0d [z, DN(,,N- HJ//+ *F77 B2 PN- ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L yNPJN2+ Fz2 ,JxK PN- LGNJxKN2 !0-L2LN y-JxK+ PJN E-N,,HN++N77 zyN- yN-NJ+, yNJ PN2 ]zH+N-JN2 zy NJ2N ^*,2zKFN yJGPN+N2 PJN M-KN)N-NJ2NG+ z2LN(N2PN+N2 EJ,xK+NJxK)N-MzK-N2 [JN N+Kz20G Hz22 z*M (NJ ^-+N2 N-M0GLN2o FJ+ $z*N-,+0do FJ+ =J+-z+o
w \CvNFy-z2N2 (*-PN2 *F ]NJ,/JNG )02 PN2 ]N-GJ2N- z,,N-]N+-JNyN2 P*-xKLNMK-+ D0GPyN-L ppq BF ,xK,J,xKN2 >zH-z2,+P+ (*-PN *- !0-/Gz2*2L NJ2N- 2N*N2 @-z2GzLN NJ2N 'JG0+z2GzLN *>JH-0XG+-z+J02 yN+-JNyN2 *FFNG ppq B2 Z2LGz2P (J-P PJN (NG+(NJ+ L-+N @G-z2GzLN FJ+ >NFy-z2+NxK2JH yN+-JNyN2 @-zM+ ppq ]NJ PN- ZF,Gz2P$+-HN DFyC (*-PN NJ2N 'JG0+z2GzLN *F ZJ2,z+ PN- >NFy-z2+NxK2JH yNJ PN- ]NKz2PG*2L PN, @z-+0dNGM-*xK+(z,,N-, (NGxKN, yNJ PN- '-0P*H+J02 )02 @z-+0dNG,+-HN N2+,+NK+ yN+-JNyN2 %dN- ppr [JN J-H*2L PN- >NFy-z2)N-MzK-N2 (J-P (JN M0GL+ N-HG-+o [*-xK PJN )JNGMzxK KKN-N ]J0Fz,,NH02N2+-z+J02N2 H22N2 0-Lz2J,xKN $+0dN yJ, z*M NJ2N2 %N,+LNKzG+ z2 yJ0G0LJ,xK ,xK(N- zyyz*yz-N2 $+0dN2 FJ2N-zGJ,JN-+ P K * @0KGN2,+0dPJ0JP z,,N- $+JxH,+0d *2P z2PN-N2 NJ2MzxKN2 !N-yJ2P*2LN2 zyLNyz*+ (N-PN2 ]NJ H0F F*2zGNF ^y(z,,N- ,J2P yN-NJ+, ]$] *2P \$]@02N2+-z+J02N2 *2+N- PN- =zxK (NJ,L-N2N PN- LN,N+GJxKN2 >N,,)N-MzK-N2 N--NJxK+ (0-PN2 AzK-N,yN-JxK+ "F(NG+ y*2PN,zF+ pps [*-xK Pz, K0KN $xKGzFFzG+N- *2P PJN K0KN ]J0Fz,,N2H02N2+ -z+J02 )N-yN,,N-2 ,JxK PJN ]NPJ2L*2LN2 M- NJ2N )0GG,+2PJLN =J+-JXHz+J02 *2P (NJ +N,+LNKN2PN [N2J+-JXHz+J02 ^G, =zxK+NJG PJN,N- #NxK20G0LJN F*,, PJN ZF/X2PGJxKHNJ+ PN- >NFy-z2N2 LNLN2 !N-,+0/MN2 PN- '0-N2 !N-yG0xHN277 0PN- $xzGJ2L77 LN2z22+ )N-y*2PN2 FJ+ NJ2NPN*+GJxKN2 !N-FJ2PN-*2L PN- [*-xKG,,JLHNJ+ N-(K2+ (N-PN2 [zKN- NF/XNKG+ N, ,JxK JFFN- P*-xK !N-,*xKN PJN /-J2J/JNGGN ZJL2*2L PN, !N-MzK-N2, PN2 )0-+NJG KzM+N,+N2 >NFy-z2+/ *2P 0/+JFzGN ]N+-JNy,yNPJ2L*2LN2 )0- zGGNF /C N-+ [-*xH z*M PN- %0K(z,,N-,NJ+N * N-FJ++NG2 ^*N-PNF J,+ PN- K0KN Z2N-LJN)N- y-z*xK JF !N-LGNJxK * H02)N2+J02NGGN2 ^2GzLN2 * yNzxK+N2 ^GGN-PJ2L, Hz22 P*-xK ^y*L )02 ~yN-,xK*,,$xKGzFF PN- Z2N-LJNyNPz-M )N-FJ2PN-+ (N-PN2 *2P ]J0 Fz,,N M- PJN Z-N*L*2L )02 >N+Kz2 J2 Ez*G+-FN2 *- !N-ML*2L LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2
srro $uKGwFFvNKw2PG*2L ^2zN-0yN >N+Kz2yJGP*2Lo [JN yNJF $xKGzFFyNGNy*2L,)N-MzK-N2 *2P MzH*G+z+J) yNJF >NFy-z2)N-MzK-N2 z2MzGGN2PN ]J0Fz,,N (J-P J2 N-,+N- $+*MN )0-(JNLN2P P*-xK z2zN-0yN !0-L2LN P K *2+N- ?*M+z*,,xKG*,, P*-xK Ez*G*2L N-,N++ [N2 ~yN- ,xK*,,$xKGzFF PN- yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 $+*MN y-J2L+ Fz2 Pz* *,zFFN2 FJ+ PNF E-J,xK,xKGzFF PN- )0-LN,xKzG+N+N2 %NJ2JL*2L,,+*MN zG, %0K,xKGzFF J2 NJ2N2 Ez*G yNKG+N- ^*xK KJN- (J-HN2 Kz*/+,xKGJxK ]zH+N-JN2 zGGN-PJ2L, ^2zN-0yJN- N-,N+ N2P z*M PJN *LNMK-+N 0-Lz2J,xKN $*y,+z2 >z2 J,+ yNFK+ PJN Ez*G*2L ,0 * GNJ+N2 Pz,, zG, Z2P/-0P*H+N Kz*/+,xKGJxK >N+Kz2Lz, xz st yJ, r !0G; *2P @0KGN2,+0dPJ0JP xz wt !0G; N2+,+NKN2 (0yNJ NJ2 %N,+ )02 *2N-,N+yz-N- 0- Lz2J,xKN- >z,,N J2 MNJ2V0xHJLNF *,+z2P ,*,/N2PJN-+ JF Ez*G,xKGzFF )N-yGNJy+
ptu
v ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L *F $xK*+N PN- DN(,,N- *2P JK-N- =*+yz-HNJ+
[z, N2N-LJN-NJxKN Ez*GLz, PJN2+ JF ^GGLNFNJ2N2 *- ]NKNJ*2L PN, Ez*G-z*FJ2KzG+, PN- yGJxKN-(NJ,N z*M xz vv\ yJ, vt\ LNKzG+N2 (J-P *2P *- ]NKNJ*2L PN- DN y*PN JF J2+N- BF $J22N PN, ]N,+-NyN2, Z2N-LJN)N-G*,+N *2P *22+JLN \0+0-N2 FJ+ z2LN,xKG0,,N2N2 DN2N-z+0-N2 *- CN-,+NGG*2L )02 $+-0F )N-y-z22+ (0yNJ PJN ^y (-FN * CNJ(NxHN2 LN2*++ (J-P [JN (JxK+JL,+N2 ]zH+N-JN2z-+N2 JF Ez*GyNKG+N- ,J2P PJN MzH*G+z+J)z2zN-0yN2 $*-NyzH+N-JN2 *2P PJN >N+Kz2yzH+N-JN2 Z-,+N-N N-,N+N2 KP-0G+J,xK PJN L- yN-N2 0-Lz2J,xKN2 !N-yJ2P*2LN2 (JN ] '-0+NJ2N * 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $*-N2 GN++N-N ,N+N2 PJN,N * >N+Kz2 *2P @0KGN2,+0dPJ0JP *F Z, ,NJ zyN- N-(K2+ Pz,, PJN E0-,xK*2L J2 PN2 GN++N2 AzK-N2 (NJ+N-N ]zH+N-JN2z-+N2 *2P %NzH+J02N2 J2 PN2 (J ,xKN2,+*MN2 N2+PNxH+ Kz+ ^*N-PNF (*-PN MN,+LN,+NGG+ Pz,, yN,+JFF+N FN+Kz20LN2N ]zH+N-JN2 J2 PN- ?zLN ,J2P >N+Kz2 z*, z,,N-,+0d Cw PN- J2 =NyN2-NzH+J02N2 N2+,+NK+ *2P @0KGN2,+0dPJ0JP \*P-zxH pp [JN E*2H+J02 PN- Ez*GyNKG+N- (J-P 2JxK+ *2(N,N2+GJxK P*-xK PJN E0-F PN- ]N KG+N- LN(K-GNJ,+N+ ,JNKN ^yy vt ZJ2N GNJ,+*2L,,+z-HN Ez*G*2L N-M0-PN-+ NJ2N L-2PGJxKN [*-xKFJ,xK*2L P K NJ2N2 J2+N2,J)N2 $+0dz*,+z*,xK (J,xKN2 *LNMK- +NF $*y,+-z+ *2P zH+J)N- ]J0Fz,,N NJ2 GNJxK+N, ^*,Lz,N2 !N-KJ2PN-*2L )02 $xKJxK +*2LN2 *2P $xK(JFFPNxHN2 ,0(JN !N-FNJP*2L )02 #0+-*FN2 [JN,N ^2,/-xKN (N-PN2 zF yN,+N2 P*-xK PJN ZJM0-F N-MGG+ *,+GJxK J,+ PJN ZJM0-F ,+z+J,xK *2P H02,+-*H+J) z2PN-N2 E0-FN2 yN-GNLN2 ,0 Pz,, ,JN z*xK yz*+NxK2J,xKN !0-+NJGN yJN +N+ ^#!Cz2Py*xK pps [z, Ez*G)N-MzK-N2 J,+ ,NJ+ N+(z w AzK-N2 z*xK *- ]NKz2PG*2L KKN- H02N2 +-JN-+N- J2P*,+-JNGGN- ^y(,,N- *F ZJ2,z+ LNH0FFN2 [JN !0-+NJGN GJNLN2 )0- zGGNF J2 PNF Mz,+ 0K2N *,+GJxKN2 Z2N-LJNNJ2,z+ FLGJxKN2 ]N+-JNy PN- ^2GzLN PJN *PNF N2N-LJN-NJxKN, ]J0Lz, GJNMN-+ *2P J2 NJ2NF ,NK- LN-J2LN2 $xKGzFF(zxK,+*F [JN ]N,NJ+JL*2L PN, z2zN-0yN2 *2P ,+zyJGJ,JN-+N2 P K yNJ NJ2N- ?zLN-*2L HNJ2N yGN2 DN-xKN N-N*LN2PN2 ~yN-,xK*,,,xKGzFFN, )N-*-,zxK+ (N,N2+GJxK (N2JLN^*M(z2P *2P @0,+N2 zG, 2zxK NJ2NF -NJ2N2 ^N-0y!N-MzK-N2 [z, ^2zN-0y!N-MzK-N2 Kz+ zyN- z*xK =zxK+NJGN !0- zGGNF )N-*-,zxK+ N, M- PN2 LN,xKG0,,N2N2 %NzH+0- KKN-N B2)N,+J+J02,H0,+N2 zG, NJ2N ^N-0yz2GzLN (NJ+N-KJ2 N-(NJ,N2 ,JxK PJN ^2zN-0yJN- zG, )JNG NF/X2PGJxKN- LNLN2 $+-,+0dN zG, ^N-0yJN*2P JK-N >z,,N J,+ (NLN2 PN- LN-J2LN2 zxK,+*F,LN,xK(J2PJLHNJ+ 2zxK NJ2N- $+ -*2L 2*- ,NK- Gz2L,zF (JNPN- z*M*yz*N2 ~yN-PJN, J,+ PN- yNKz2PNG+N ^yGz*M 20xK z2zN-0y *2P J2 PN2 FNJ,+N2 EGGN2 yNGzPN2 FJ+ $xK(NMNG(z,,N-,+0d P K N- yNPz-M NJ2N- zN-0yN2 (N22 z*xK H-N-N2 =zxKyNKz2PG*2L [z GN++GJxK z*xK KJN- PN- ^yyz* PN- 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $xKF*+,+0dN )02 PN- ]J0Fz,,N yN(J-H+ (J-P J,+ Pz, !N-KG+2J, )02 )0-GJNLN2PN- ]zH+N-JN2Fz,,N *F *LNMK-+N2 $*y,+-z+ M- PJN [JFN2,J02JN-*2L PN, %NzH+0-, FzLNyN2P "F FLGJxK,+ )JNG ]J0 Fz,,N JF %NzH+0- * KzG+N2 ,J2P PJ)N-,N %NzH+0-+/N2 N2+(JxHNG+ (0-PN2 )0F z2zN-0yN2 ]NGNy*2L,)N-MzK-N2 %NzH+0- FJ+ =zxKHG-yNxHN2 *2P %xHMK-*2L PN, zyLN,N++N2 $xKGzFFN, yN- JF %NzH+0- NJ2LNyz*+N $xKGzFFzy,xKNJPN- ] 'z -zGGNG/Gz++N2HG-N- 0PN- %xHKzG+*2L PN- ]J0Fz,,N J2 NJ2N- $xKGzFF,xKJxK+ zF ]0PN2 PN, %NzH+0-, (JN JF "^$]77!N-MzK-N2 */V0( z2zN-0yJx ,G*PLN yGz2HN+ yJ, * EN,+yN++!N-MzK-N2 yNJ PN2N2 P*-xK LNNJL2N+N LJ++N-M-FJLN ZJ2yz*+N2 ^*M (*xK,VxKN2 M- PJN ]zH+N-JN2 *- !N-ML*2L LN,+NGG+ (N-PN2 !N-,xKJNPN2+GJxK +-N22+ Fz2 z*xK PJN $*N-*2L,/Kz,N *2P PJN >N+Kz2/Kz,N J2 (NJ %NzH+0-N2 Pz)02
vu ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L
ptt
z*,LNKN2P Pz,, PJN )N-,*N-2PN2 ]zH+N-JN2 NJ2 #NF/N-z+*-0/+JF*F yNJ v\ Kz yN2 PJN FN,0/KJGN2 FN+Kz20LN2N2 *G+J]z--JN-N2$,+NF z*xK zG, #-J2H(z,,N- ] J2 =zFJyJz LN2*++ (J-P ]NJ NJ2NF z,,N-yNPz-M )02 N+(z FvAzK- IN ZJ2(0K2N- M- PJN Z-N*L*2L )02 ?NyN2,FJ++NG2 J2 (z,,N-z-FN2 DNyJN+N2 *2P 2*- vt FvAzK- IN ZJ2(0K2N- MPN2 FN2,xKGJxKN2 DNy-z*xK J2 $JNPG*2LN2 GP J,+ N, *2,xK(N- )0-KN-*,zLN2 Pz,, PJN JNPN-)N-(N2P*2L )02 LN-NJ2JL+NF ^y(z,,N- Pz, >J++NG PN- zKG M- NJ2N 2zxKKzG+JLN z,,N-yN(J-+,xKzM+*2L ,NJ2 (J-P CJN- ,xKGJN+ ,JxK PN- @-NJ, * PNF
pts
v ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L *F $xK*+N PN- DN(,,N- *2P JK-N- =*+yz-HNJ+
J2 PN- ZJ2GNJ+*2L DN,zL+N2o z,,N- (J-P 2JxK+ )N-y-z*xK+ ,02PN-2 N, (J-P LN2*++ =zxK PN- =*+*2L F*,, N, J2 PN2 *-,/-2LGJxK ,z*yN-N2 *,+z2P LNy-zxK+ (N-PN2 PN- NJ2N (NJ+N-N =*+*2L N-FLGJxK+ [JN Gz2P(J-+,xKzM+GJxKN =*+*2L )02 z*,LNMz*G+NF @G-,xKGzFF PJN ,NJ2N ]0PN2 )N-yN,,N-2PN J-H*2L C*F*, *2P [2LN(J-H*2L ' (N2JL = *2P @ J2 ^2,/-*xK 2JFF+ Hz22 yNJ * K0KN2 DNKzG+N2 z2 $xK(N-FN+zGGN2 *2P +0J,xKN2 $+0dN2 yN NJ2+-xK+JL+ (N-PN2 ZJ2N =*+*2L )02 @G-,xKGzFF ,N++ NJ2N GxHN2G0,N ~yN- (zxK*2L PN- B2PJ-NH+NJ2GNJ+N- )0-z*, [JN Z-LNy2J,,N KzyN2 *2+N- z2PN-NF J2 PN- @G-,xKGzFF!N-0-P2*2L )02 ppw JK-N2 =JNPN-,xKGzL LNM*2PN2 PJN PJN *Gz,,*2L )02 @G-,xKGzFF *- Gz2P(J-+ ,xKzM+GJxKN2 !N-(N-+*2L )02 ,NJ2NF DNKzG+ z2 $xK(N-FN+zGGN2 *2P PN- !0-yNGz,+*2L PN, ]0PN2, zyK2LJL FzxK+ [z-yN- KJ2z*, LJG+ Pz,, J22N-KzGy )02 v AzK-N2 2JxK+ FNK- zG, t + #-0xHN2Fz,,N z2 @G-,xKGzFF /-0 CNH+z- z*MLNy-zxK+ (N-PN2 Pz-M B2 PN- =0)NGGN PN- @G-,xKGzFF)N-0-P2*2L )0F tuppw *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK !N-0-P2*2L )0F wp r wp (*-PN2 Pz22 z*xK D-N2(N-+N M- 0-Lz2J,xKN $xKzP ,+0dN JF @G-,xKGzFF yN-xH,JxK+JL+ EN-2N- (*-PN2 NJ2JLN ^*My-J2L*2L,)N-y0+N *2P ]N,xK-2H*2LN2 )N-,xK-M+ *2P z2 N*-0/J,xKN, %NxK+ z2LN/z,,+ ^G, PJN L-z )JN-N2P,+N 2PN-*2L N-(JN, ,JxK J2 PN- '-zJ, Pz, *FMz2L-NJxKN ,NK- z*M(N2PJLN =zxK(NJ, *2P ?JNMN-,xKNJ2)N-MzK-N2 ,0 Pz,, 2*2 )02 PN- ^2M-zLN PN, ?z2P(J-+, yJ, *- +z+,xKGJxKN2 [2L*2L FJ+ @G-,xKGzFF JF >J++NG NJ2N !0-Gz*MNJ+ )02 xz P-NJ >02z+N2 N-M0-PN-GJxK J,+ >NG,z ppq
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vu ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L
psv
,xKN, >J++NG Pz-z*, yNJ,/JNG,(NJ,N wqq LG N-LJy+ ,JxK PN- DN,zF+,xKGzFFLNKzG+ P*-xK >*G+J/GJHz+J02 FJ+ PNF !0G*FN2 PN, ]NGNy*2L,yNxHN2 ]] ]N+-L+ PJN, ] !]] f wt Fv N--NxK2N+ ,JxK PN- $xKGzFFLNKzG+ * wqq HLFv J2 wt Fvo rw HL #$ s ]$]t%z*FyNGz,+*2L ]% yN0LN2 z*M PN2 Fv ]] ]% f wu rv HLP J2 wt Fvo psr HLFvP r ]$]t$xKGzFFyNGz,+*2L ]#$ yN z*M HL $xKGzFF+-0xHN2Fz,,N JF ]] ]#$o wu rv HLP yNJ rw HL $xKGzFFo vu HLHL Y P q ]NGM+*2L,NJ+ -NxK2N-J,xKN $JN N-LJy+ ,JxK z2zG0L PN- ^*MN2+KzG+,NJ+ JF !0- HG-yNxHN2 ,JNKN 0yN2 KJN- * +%]]o wt Fv yNJ t vwp FvKo ur K [JN N--NxK2N+N2 [z+N2 N2+,/-NxKN2 *2LNMK- PN2N2 PN- #zy vt M- PJN %*y-JH )0GGyJ0G0LJ,xKN %NJ2JL*2L 0K2N =J+-JXHz+J0277 [N- yNGNy+N $xKGzFF GJNN ,JxK J2 PNF ]NGNy*2L,yNxHN2 20xK KKN- z*M vv LG H02N2+-JN-N2 (N22 PJN ^y,xKNJP*2L JF =zxKHG-yNxHN2 HNJ2N $xK(JN-JLHNJ+N2 yN-NJ+N+ [zP*-xK (-PN PJN $xKGzFF yNGz,+*2L ]#$ N-2JNP-JL+ Cz*/+,xKGJxK *- ]N-NxK2*2L PN, $xKGzFF)0G*FN2J2PN ,JNKN *2+N2 (J-P Pz, !N-LGNJxK,,xKGzFF)0G*FN2 yN2+JL+ ]NJ NJ2NF L-0N2 $xKGzFF)0G*FN2J2PN H0FF+ N, J2 NJ2NF G$+z2PGJ2PN- 2JxK+ *- #-N22*2L NJ2N- 02N ,NPJFN2+JN-+N2 $xKGzFFN, )0F yN-,+NKN2PN2 z,,N- [N,KzGy (J-P PN- yNGNy+N $xKGzFF *- Z- FJ++G*2L PN, $xKGzFF)0G*FN2, $! ,0(NJ+ )N-P22+ Pz,, $! wt FGG yN+-L+ [JN,N, (J-P zG, !N-LGNJxK,,xKGzFF)0G*FN2 yNNJxK2N+ ,JNKN [B= vquu ^*, LzyN suws ]NJ PN- z2,xKGJNN2PN2 ^*,(N-+*2L (J-P PN- N-FJ++NG+N N-+ FJ+ PNF !N-P22*2L,MzH+0- F*G+J/GJJN-+ NJ+N-N ]N-NxK2*2LN2o p [z, !N-LGNJxK,,xKGzFF)0G*FN2 !$! (J-P )02 INPN- ZJ2NG,+JxK/-0yN z*, PNF ]NGNy*2L,yNxHN2 M- PJN #-0xHN2Fz,,NyN,+JFF*2L FJ+ *2+N-,*xK+ *2P LLM z*xK zG, z-J+KFN+J,xKN, >J++NG N--NxK2N+ ]NJ,/JNGo !$! f wt FGG J2 v FJ2 [N- $xKGzFF)0G*FN2J2PN H*- $xKGzFFJ2PN B$! (J-P P*-xK [J)J,J02 PN, N-+N, PN, !N-LGNJxK,,xKGzFF)0G*FN2, P*-xK PN2 PN- $xKGzFF+-0xHN2Fz,,N NJ2N, ?J+N-, N--NxK2N+ Z- LJy+ zG,0 Pz, $xKGzFF)0G*FN2 NJ2N, ^2+NJG, PN, yN GNy+N2 $xKGzFFN, )02 L zG, #-0xHN2Fz,,N 2zxK v FJ2 ^y,N+NJ+ z2 ]NJ,/JNGo B$! f wt FGG yNJ wqq LG f qrw FGL [z, J,+ NJ2 L*+N- N-+ P K PN- $xKGzFF NJL+ L*+N ^y,N+NJLN2,xKzM+N2 PJN M,NJ2N ^y+-N22*2L JF =zxKHG-yNxHN2 N2+,xKNJPN2P ,J2P $xKGzFFJ2PJxN, HGNJ2NzG, t FGL (N-PN2 zG, zHN/+zyNG yNNJxK2N+ ?JNLN2 ,JN Pz-yN- (J-P PJN $xKGzFF -xHKzG+*2L ,xK(JN-JLN- [N- $xKGzFF Hz22 Pz22 +NJG(NJ,N FJ+ J2 PN2 ^yGz*M LN -z+N2 *2P Pz, LN-NJ2JL+N ^y(z,,N- (JNPN- )N-,xKF*+N2 [JN "-,zxKN M- NJ2N2 K0KN2 $xKGzFFJ2PN PJN N-+N H22N2 FNK-N-N C*2PN-+ FGL N--NJxKN2 J,+ PJN ]JGP*2L )02 ]GK,xKGzFF77 P K PN- yNGNy+N $xKGzFF J,+ P*-xK Pz, yN-FJLN zxK,+*F MzPN2yJGPN2PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 PNLN2N-JN-+ [JN,N ,/N--JLN2 ]zH+N-JN2 0PN- 'JGN PJN GNJxK+ *2+N- PNF >JH-0,H0/ N-Hz22+ (N-PN2 H22N2 MK-N2 * NJ2N]NKJ2PN-*2L PN, ^y,N+)0-Lz2LN, [JN ]NHF/M*2L PN, ]GK,xKGzFFN, G*M+ JFFN- z*M NJ2N 2PN-*2L PN, ?NyN2, FJGJN*, JF ]NGNy*2L,yNxHN2 KJ2z*, Pz, Pz, zxK,+*F PN-z-+JLN- *2N-(2,xK+N-
psu
v ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L *F $xK*+N PN- DN(,,N- *2P JK-N- =*+yz-HNJ+
N+K0PN INP0xK (NLN2 PN- ]JGP*2L )02 \KG0- H0KGN2(z,,N-,+0dN2 *2N-(2,xK+ J,+ PJN [0,JN-*2L )02 \KG0- zG, \KG0-(z,,N- 0PNJ2 E0-F )02 C/0xKG0-J+Gz*LN N+(z, FJGPN- *2P zHN/+zyNG PJN )02 z,,N-,+0d /N-0JP [JN [0,JN-*2L ,0GG+N N+(z t LFv yN+-zLN2 [JN J2 Pz, z,,N- -zLN2PN2 M-NJN2 EPN2 PN- ]GK,xKGzFF0-Lz2J,FN2 (N-PN2 P*-xK PJN z+N-JzG \KG0- 0PN- CwLGJxKHNJ+N2 ,J2P PJN !N-H-*2L PN- !0-HG-NJ+ P K FNK- zy,N+yz-N $+0dN FJ+ J2 Pz, ]NGNy*2L,yNxHN2 * yN-MK-N2 0PN- PJN *P0,JN-*2L NJ2N, #NJG, PN, #-y(z,,N-, z*, PNF $xKGzFFMz*GyNKG+N- [N22 z*, PN- Z-MzK-*2L J,+ yNHz22+ Pz,, ]GK,xKGzFF *F ,0 ,NG+N2N- z*M+-J++ IN ,+-HN- PJN +LGJxKN2 ]NGz,+*2L,,xK(z2 H*2LN2 PN- yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 $+*MN ,J2P ZJ2N JF '-J2J/ M- PJN 0/+JFzGN =*+*2L PN@z/zJ++ ,J22)0GGN !N-LGNJxKFJL*2L PN- %z*F *2P $xKGzFFyNGz,+*2L yN- wu K F*,, 2JxK+ *2yNPJ2L+ *F !0-+NJG LN-z+N2 [JN @02+-0GGN NJ2N, #-0/MH-/N-, Hz22 ,JxK z*M (N2JLN ^,/NH+N yN,xK-2HN2 [z, ^y(z,,N- F*,, LGNJxKFJL z*M PN- NK-HzFFN-zy,N+L-*yN2 J2 !N-yJ2P*2L FJ+ N2+-zG z2LNGNL+N2 ]0PN2XG+N-2 ] EJG+N-L-yN2 ,JNKN ^yy vq NJ2 $JN N- FLGJxKN2 H0,+N2L2,+JLN ?,*2LN2 PN- ^y(z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L )02 DNyJ-L,P-MN-2
vu ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L
psr
J2 PN2N2 * ,+z-HN DNMGGN M- NJ2N $xK(NFFHz2zGJ,z+J02 )0-KN--,xKN2 [z, ]0 PN2XG+N- Hz22 FNK-N-N HF N2+MN-2+ )02 PN2 ^y,N+L-*yN2 z2LNGNL+ (N-PN2 [JN !0-z*,,N+*2LN2 M- PN2 ]z* *2P ]N+-JNy )02 @GNJ2HG-z2GzLN2 *2+N-GJNLN2 PN2 yz*-NxK+GJxKN2 *2P (z,,N--NxK+GJxKN2 !0-,xK-JM+N2 PN, IN(NJGJLN2 ]*2PN,Gz2PN, BF ZJ2NGMzGG N2+,xKNJPN+ PJN *,+2PJLN ?z2PN,yNK-PN E- PJN ^y(z,,N-NJ2GNJ+*2L z*xK yNJ ZJ2GNJ+*2L J2 PN2 "2+N-L-*2P J,+ NJ2N DN2NKFJL*2L 2zxK r CD JF ^GGLNFNJ2N2 zG, (JPN--*VJxKN yN,xK-2H+N (z,,N--NxK+GJxKN Z-Gz*y2J, N-M0-PN- GJxK @GNJ2HG-z2GzLN2 ,J2P M- PN2 $xKF*+(z,,N-z2MzGG NJ2N, NJ2NG2N2 0PN- FNK-N-NDNy*PN FJ+ FzJFzG t ZJ2(0K2N-2 y( ZJ2(0K2N-(N-+N2 *G,,JL DN(N-yGJxKN, $xKF*+(z,,N- ,0(NJ+ 2JxK+ PNF K*,GJxKN2 $xKF*+(z,,N- K2GJxK Pz-M 2JxK+ NJ2 LNGNJ+N+ (N-PN2 ^*N-PNF ,J2P E-NFP(z,,N- @KG(z,,N- ^yGz*M(z,,N- )02 $xK(JFFyNxHN2 ,0(JN =JNPN-,xKGzL,(z,,N- (NLN2 PN- FN2LN2FJLN2 ]NGz,+*2L PN- @GNJ2HG-z2GzLN MN-2*KzG+N2n LGNJxKN, LJG+ M- @02PN2,z+ z*, EN*N-,+++N2 FJ+ NJ2NF /C N-+ st 0PN- INLGJxKN PN2 @G-z2GzLN2yN+-JNy ,+-N2PN B2KzG+,,+0dN E- PJN %NJ2JL*2L PN, ^y(z,,N-, J2 @GNJ2HG-z2GzLN2 LNG+N2 PJN LGNJxKN2 DN,N+ FJLHNJ+N2 (JN M- L-0N @G-z2GzLN2 P K PN- ^yyz* PN- $xKF*+,+0dN N-M0GL+ z*,,xKGJNGJxK P*-xK ]zH+N-JN2 *2P N-M0-PN-+ L-0N >N2LN2 $z*N-,+0d N-PN2 PJN,N DN,N+FJLHNJ+N2 2JxK+ yNzxK+N+ ] 'Vz2N2HG-z2GzLN2 0K2N ]0PN2XG+N- J2 PN2N2 ,JxK PJN ]zH+N-JN2 K2GJxK (JN J2 NJ2NF #-0/MH-/N- z2,JNPNG2 Pz22 J,+ PN^yGz*M *2(NJLN-GJxK ,+z-H yNGz,+N+ [JN ]NFN,,*2L )02 @GNJ2HG-z2GzLN2 (J-P (JN yNJ L-N-N2 ^2GzLN2 z*xK 2zxK ZJ2(0K2N-(N-+N2 Z f $*FFN z*, zKG PN- ZJ2(0K2N- Z *2P ZJ2(0K 2N-LGNJxK(N-+N2 ZD ,JNKN ^y,xK2 vv yNFN,,N2 [zyNJ (J-P J2 PN- %NLNG NJ2 $xKF*+(z,,N-z2MzGG )02 t GP IN ZJ2(0K2N- *2P NJ2 ,+2PGJxKN- $xKF*+(z,,N- *V*,, $/J+N2*V*,, )02 PN, #zLN,*V*,,N, *L-*2PNLNGNL+ E- Pz, %0K zy(z,,N- (J-P NJ2 ]$]t )02 s LP IN ZJ2(0K2N- z2LN,N++ N, ,NJ PN22 NJ2N- @GNJ2 HG-z2GzLN FJ+ ^y(z,,N-yNGM+*2L ,JNKN *2+N2 (J-P NJ2N >NK-HzFFN-L-*yN ,JNKN *2+N2 )0-LN,xKzG+N+ B2 PJN,NF EzGG Hz22 PJN yJ0G0LJ,xKN $+*MN FJ+ u L ]$]tP IN ZJ2(0K2N- yNFN,,N2 (N-PN2 ,JNKN #zy vu E- 0K2NJ2KNJ+N2 yJ, * t Fw ,J2P w ZJ2(0K2N- M- 0K2NJ2KNJ+N2 yN- t Fw FJ2PN,+N2, u ZJ2(0K2N- * yN-xH ,JxK+JLN2 E- z2PN-(NJ+JL LN2*++N DNy*PN LNG+N2 PJN ]NFN,,*2L,z2,+N 2zxK #zy vq ,JNKN z*xK [B= uws #NJG *2P w #zyNGGN vq ]NFN,,*2L,z2,+N M- @GNJ2HG-z2GzLN2 ^*,(zKG ,JNKN z*xK ^#!^-yNJ+, yGz++ ^ p *2P ^ wp ^-+ PN, DNy*PN,
]NFN,,*2L,(N-+
\zF/J2L/G+N !N-NJ2,K*,N- 0K2N @xKN2yN+-JNy $/0-+/G+N 0K2N Dz,+,+++N *2P 0K2N !N-NJ2,Kz*, Dz-+N2G0HzGN 0K2N @xKN2yN+-JNy Dz,+,+++N2 FJ+ @xKN2yN+-JNy *2P z2LN20FFN2NvFzGJLN- ^*,2*+*2L NJ2N, $J+/Gz+N, J2 wu $+*2PN2 ]-0K*,N- 0K2N @xKN2yN+-JNy N-H,+++N2 0K2N @xKN2yN+-JNy
w 'N-,02N2 f ZD t ]N2*+N- f ZD v ]N,*xKN-/G+N f ZD $J+/G+N f ZD $J+/Gz+ f ZD v >J+z-yNJ+N- f ZD w >J+z-yNJ+N- f ZD
psq
v ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L *F $xK*+N PN- DN(,,N- *2P JK-N- =*+yz-HNJ+
B2 @GNJ2HG-z2GzLN2 P*-xKG*M+ Pz, $xKF*+(z,,N- M0GLN2PN %NJ2JL*2L,,+*MN2o FNxKz2J,xKN %NJ2JL*2L >NK-HzFFN-L-*yN2 yJ0G0LJ,xKN %NJ2JL*2L ] EJG+N-L-yN2 #-0/MH-/N- ]NGNy*2L,z2GzLN2 ^y(z,,N-NJ2GNJ+*2L J2 NJ2 J+ PN2 ]N+-NJyN-2 N2+-zGN- @G-z2GzLN2 F*,, PJN ~yN-2zKFN PN, $xKGzFF, )N-NJ2yz-+ (N-PN2 [JN yJ0G0LJ,xKN ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L N-M0GL+ IN 2zxK -+GJxKHNJ+ ]0PN2)N-KG+2J,,N 'Gz+yNPz-M *F ]NJ,/JNG P*-xKo EJG+N-L-yN2 0PN- 2zxK *2+N2 zyLNPJxK+N+N ]0PN2XG+N- ^2GzLN2 0K2N ^y(z,,N- yNGM+*2L #-0/MH-/N-z2GzLN2 ^2GzLN2 FJ+ ^y(z,,N-yNGM+*2L ]NGNy*2L,z2GzLN2 ^2GzLN2 FJ+ ^y(z,,N-yNGM+*2L EJG+N-L-yN2 ,JNKN ^yy vq (N-PN2 KJN- ,+NGG)N-+-N+N2P M- )N-,xKJNPN2N ]0PN2 XG+N- yN,xK-JNyN2 $JN yN(J-HN2 yN-(JNLN2P NJ2N2 zN-0yN2 ^yyz* PN- $xKF*+,+0M MN (NJ yN-NJ2z2PN- GJNLN2PN [-2zLN-0K-N GJxK+N NJ+N FJ2PN,+N2, FF (N- PN2 yNJ NJ2NF EJG+N-L-zyN2 P*-xK NJ2N N+(z s xF ,+z-HN EJG+N-,xKJxK+ LN+-N22+ [z, ^y(z,,N- (J-P P*-xK PJN 0yN2 GJNLN2PN %0K-GNJ+*2L )N-,JxHN-+ [JN *2+N2 GJNLN2PN
vu ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L
psp
Sammelschacht
>_ 1,25 m
0,60 m
Feinkies 2 _ 8
Verteilerkammer *
Verfüllung
0,30 m
gegebenenfalls Zwischenschicht
Lüftung
>_ ∅ 150 mm >_ 0,15 m
>_ ∅ 100 mm abgeglichene Sohle >_ 0,50 m
bei Tonrohren Abdeckung der Stöße
≤ 30 m Abfluss
* gegebenenfalls zusätzliche bauartabhängige stoßweise Beschickung
^yy vq
EJG+N-L-yN2 2zxK [B= uws #NJG ^20-P2*2L *2P $xK2J++N
?NJ+*2L 2JFF+ Pz, z,,N- z*M *2P GNJ+N+ N, NJ2NF DN(,,N- * [JN yNJPN2 %0K- GNJ+*2LN2 F,,N2 LN+-N22+ LNGM+N+ (N-PN2 ]NJ PN- ]NFN,,*2L PN- EJG+N-L-yN2 ,J2P /-0 ZJ2(0K2N- FJ2PN,+N2, s Fw )0-*,NKN2 Z, ,J2P FJ2PN,+N2, (NJ $+-2LN FJ+ NJ2NF ^y,+z2P )02 4 F z*,*MK-N2 [JN FzJFzGN ?2LN NJ2N, EJG+N-,+-z2LN, yN+-L+ v F *- LGNJxKFJLN2 ]N,xKJxH*2L PN- $+-2LN PJN2+ NJ2N !N-+NJGN-HzF FN- "F PJN !N-,+0/M*2L,LNMzK- * FJ2JFJN-N2 *2P PJN %NJ2JL*2L,GNJ,+*2L * )N- yN,,N-2 ,J2P PJN EJG+N--0K-N ,+0(NJ,N * yN,xKJxHN2 ZJ2N N2+,/-NxKN2PN !0--JxK +*2L ,0GG+N J2 PN- !N-+NJGN-HzFFN- J2,+zGGJN-+ ,NJ2 #-0/MH-/N-z2GzLN2 yN,+NKN2 z*, NJ2NF -NxK+NxHJLN2 0PN- -*2PN2 ]z*+NJG (NGxKN, FJ+ @*2,+,+0dH-/N-2 0PN- ?z)z,xKGzxHN LNMGG+ J,+ EGG,+0dN M- #-0/MH-/N- ,JNKN [B= pttr #NJG ^*M PJN,NF >z+N-JzG ,JNPNG2 ,JxK >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 z2 yJ0 G0LJ,xKN- %z,N277 PJN P*-xK NJ2N ,+2PJLN [*-xKGM+*2L PN, #-0/MH-/N-, FJ+ $z* N-,+0d )N-,0-L+ (N-PN2 [JN >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 yN(J-HN2 PN2 yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 ^yyz* PN- JF ^y(z,,N- N2+KzG+N2N2 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $xKF*+,+0dN ZJ2N LGNJxKFJLN !N- +NJG*2L PN, )0-LNHG-+N2 ^y(z,,N-, (J-P P*-xK !N-+NJGN--J22N2 N--NJxK+ "F NJ2N z*,-NJxKN2PN %NJ2JL*2L,GNJ,+*2L * N-JNGN2 J,+ M- Pz, ^y(z,,N- NJ2N N2+,/-NxKN2P Gz2LN [*-xK-JN,NG*2L,,+-NxHN N-M0-PN-GJxK [N,KzGy (J-P z*, PN2 =zxKHG-yNxHN2 %xHGz*M(z,,N- LNFNJ2,zF FJ+ PNF ~yN-,xK*,,$xKGzFF J2 PJN !0-HG-*2L LNM- PN-+ ,JNKN ^yy vp #-0/MH-/N-z2GzLN2 (N-PN2 M- NJ2N ]$]t%z*FyNGz,+*2L )02 6t HLFv Y P yNFN,,N2 [z, >J2PN,+)0G*FN2 PN- EGG*2L yN+-L+ w Fv E- Pz, =zxKHG-yNxHN2 LJG+ NJ2N [*-xKV*,,NJ+ )02 4vt $+*2PN2 NFy-z2)N-MzK-N2 [N,+JGGz+J02 N2+-JM*LN2 $N/z-z+0-N2
vt B2P*,+-JNzy(z,,N-
prv
^P,0-/+J02 >J,xK *2P ^*,LGNJxK,yNxHN2n /K,JHzGJ,xKxKNFJ,xKN !N-MzK-N2o EGG*2L EG0xH*2L EG0xH*2L,XG+-z+J02 =N*+-zGJ,z+J02 ZF*G,J02,,/zG+*2L EG0+z+J02 NJ2,xKGJNGJxK EG0xH*2L B02N2z*,+z*,xK !N-y-N22*2L =z,,0JPz+J02n zN-0yN yJ0G0LJ,xKN !N-MzK-N2o KN-HFFGJxKN #-0/MH-/N- *2P ]NGNy*2L,)N-MzK-N2 ,0 LN2z22+N [NN/$KzM+77!N-MzK-N2 C0xKGNJ,+*2L,yJ0-NzH+0-N2 %NJ2,z*N-,+0d)N-MzK-N2 J-yNGyN++)N-MzK-N2n z2zN-0yN !N-MzK-N2 ]NJ PN- B2P*,+-JNzy(z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L LJG+ N, >N+K0PN2 NJ2*,N+N2 PJN NJ2N !N- GzLN-*2L )02 "F(NG+/-0yGNFN2 )N-FNJPN2 ZJ2N-,NJ+, ,J2P J22N-yN+-JNyGJxKN >z 2zKFN2 *- ^y(z,,N-)N-FNJP*2L z2*,+-NyN2 %dN- *2P %0,N2(J2HNG ppn ?J2 PNFz22ppq z2PN-N-,NJ+, F,,N2 *2)N-FNJPyz-N ^y(,,N- *F(NG+LN-NxK+ yNKz2 PNG+ (N-PN2 CJN-yNJ ,/JNGN2 E-zLN2 PN- ^y(z,,N-+-N22*2L PN- ^y(z,,N-+NJG,+-0F yNKz2PG*2L FJ+ N-+,+0d-xHLN(J22*2L PN- Z-KK*2L yJ0G0LJ,xKN- ^yyz*yz-HNJ+ 0-Lz2J,xKN- '-0yGNF,+0dN ,0(JN PN- ^y(z,,N-,xKG*,,-NJ2JL*2L NJ2N L-0N %0GGN *F GN++GJxK PN2 Z-M0-PN-2J,,N2 M- PJN [J-NH+ 0PN- B2PJ-NH+NJ2GNJ+*2L N2+,/-NxKN2 * H22N2 %NJxKN-+ ppu JNG J,+ *F(NG+)N-+-LGJxKN $+0d,+-FN P*-xK*,N+N2 (0yNJ )02 *F(NG+)N-+-LGJxKN2 $+0d,+-FN2 2*- Pz22 LN,/-0xKN2 (N-PN2 Hz22 (N22 PN- $+0dNJ2,z+ 0/+JFJN-+ PJN $+0dFN2LN2 FJ2JFJN-+ *2P PJN #-z2,/0-+(NLN P-z,+J,xK )N-H-+ (N-PN2 %NJxKN-+ ppu
sqt !N-FNJP*2L )02 B2P*,+-JNwv(w,,N- P*-uK /-0P*H+J2+NL-JN-+N2 "F(NG+,uK*+ $/z-,zFHNJ+ yNJF DNy-z*xK )02 z,,N- J,+ LNy0+N2 Pz INPN Z2+2zKFN PN, z,,N-, *2P INPN %xHMK-*2L z*xK LN-NJ2JL+N2 ^y(z,,N-, NJ2N2 ZJ2L-Jd J2 Pz, 2z+- GJxKN DN,xKNKN2 Pz-,+NGG+ B2 PN2 )N-Lz2LN2N2 AzK-NK2+N2 GzL PN- $xK(N-/*2H+ PN- >z2zKFN2 z*M NJ2N- )N-yN,,N-+N2 %NJ2JL*2L PN, ^y(z,,N-, z*xK PN, B2P*, +-JNzy(z,,N-, [JN =zxK-NJ2JL*2L ,++ INP0xK *2+N- PNF DN,JxK+,/*2H+ ,+2PJL ,+-N2LN-N- ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 z2 PJN D-N2N PN, (J-+,xKzM+GJxK 20xK >zxKyz-N2 B2 PN2 GN++N2 AzK-N2 LNK+ PN- #-N2P PzKN- )N-,+-H+ * #NxK20G0LJN2 PJN NJ2N >J2JFJN-*2L )02 Pz, ^y(z,,N- yNGz,+N2PN2 $+0dN2 yN-NJ+, J2 PN2 '-0P*H+J02,/-0 N,, NJ2yNJNK+ [JN ^y(z,,N- #NxK2J,xKN !N-NJ2JL*2L ^#! )N-dN2+GJxK+N ppt NJ2N2 ^-yNJ+,yN-JxK+ yN- PJN,N E-zLN2 ^#!E^ rv [JN,N- ]N-JxK+ *2+N-,xKNJPN+ /-0P*H+yN0LN2N *2P /-0P*H+J02,yN0LN2N >z2zKFN2
pru
v ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L *F $xK*+N PN- DN(,,N- *2P JK-N- =*+yz-HNJ+
"2+N- /-0P*H+yN0LN2N2 "F(NG+,xK*+ MzGGN2 zGGN E-zLN2 )02 ZJLN2,xKzM+N2 *2P ?NyN2,Pz*N- NJ2N, '-0P*H+N, *2+N- ^2(N2P*2L *2P =*+*2L NJ2yN0LN2 z*xK PJN LN,N+GJxKN2 %zKFN2yNPJ2L*2LN2 (JN ] %xH2zKFN *2P Z2+,0-L*2L ZJ2 zH +*NGGN, ]NJ,/JNG J,+ PJN PN-NJ+ PJ,H*+JN-+N %xH2zKFN )02 ^G+z*+0, [JN /-0P*H+J02,yN0LN2N2 >z2zKFN2 (N-PN2 (JNPN-*F *2+N-+NJG+ J2 J2+NL-JN-+N *2P J2 zPPJ+J)N >z2zKFN2 ^F yNHz22+N,+N2 ,J2P PJN /-0P*H+J02,yN0LN2N2 zP PJ+J)N2 >z2zKFN2 Z, ,J2P PJN, PJN LN(0K2+N2 2zxKLN,xKzG+N+N2 N2P0M/J/N !N- MzK-N2 PJN PN2 '-0P*H+J02,/-0N,, *2)N-2PN-+ Gz,,N2 CJN-M- LJy+ N, zKG-NJxKN ]NJ,/JNGN N+(z =N*+-zGJ,z+J02 EG0xH*2L *2P EGG*2L FJ+ ^y,N+yNxHN2 Gzy,xKNJ PN- LLM yJ0G0LJ,xKN %NJ2JL*2L "2+N- /-0P*H+J02,J2+NL-JN-+N2 "F(NG+,xK*+ MzGGN2 ZJ2L-JdN J2 yJ,KN-JLN yN(K-+N '-0P*H+J02,)N-MzK-N2 PJN ,JxK )0- zGGNF *F NFJ,,J02,z-FN 0PN- M-NJN #NxK20G0LJN2 yNFKN2 [JN >J2JFJN-*2L PN, %0K,+0d *2P Z2N-LJN)N-y-z*xK, *2P PJN LGJxKHNJ+N2 ,0GG+N )N-,*xK+ (N-PN2 ZJ2V,,N *2P ZdNH+N JF %zKFN2 NJ2N- '-0P*H+H0yJGz277 * N-Mz,,N2 B2 PNF LN2z22+N2 ^-yNJ+,yN-JxK+ ^#!E^ rv (J-P z*xK PN- DN,N+LNyNz2LN,/-0xKN2 Z, (J-P NF/M0KGN2 Pz, J2 zKG-NJxKN2 ZJ2NG)0-,xK-JM+N2 N-,/GJ++N-+N "F(NG+-NxK+ *,zFFN2*Mz,,N2 * N2+-F/NG2 *2P )0GG*L,M-N*2PGJxKN- * LN,+zG +N2 ,JNKN z*xK [J++N-JxK pps
sqs [NJ,/JNGN w*, PNF [N-NJuK B2P*,+-JNwv(w,,Nsqs EGNJ,uK)N-w-vNJ+N2PN B2P*,+-JN B2 PN2 ]N+-JNyN2 PN- EGNJ,xK)N-z-yNJ+*2L (N-PN2 Kz*/+,xKGJxK $xK(NJ2N %J2PN- @GyN- *2P $xKzMN N-GNL+ *2P )N-z-yNJ+N+ [zyNJ (N-PN2 ]-K @0xK *2P %0K (-,+N 'HNG(z-N2 *2P EGNJ,xKN-N*L2J,,N ] EGNJ,xK,zGz+ KN-LN,+NGG+ [z, ^y (z,,N- MGG+ zG, %NJ2JL*2L,(z,,N- ]-K *2P @0xK(z,,N- @KG(z,,N- $zGGzHN ,0 (JN zG, ^y(z,,N- z*, PNF $z2J+-yN-NJxK z2 [JN #-J2H(z,,N-N2+2zKFN y( PN^y(z,,N-z2MzGG M- NJ2JLN ]N+-JNyN J,+ PN- #zy vp * N2+2NKFN2
vt B2P*,+-JNzy(z,,N-
prt
#zyNGGN vp #-J2H(z,,N-N2+2zKFN *2P ^y(z,,N-z2MzGG )02 VNJ,xK)N-z-yNJ+N2PN2 ]N+-JNyN2 \KFJNG pps
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[zF/MHN,,NG$/NJ,N(z,,N%xHHKG*2L @0xKHN,,NG @KGP*,xKN2 CNJ(z,,N- LN,zF+ %NJ2JL*2L w yz- $/-J+(z,,N- xz s yz- $z2J+@z2+J2N
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PzF/d-FJLN !N-G*,+N
!N-y-z*xK,(N-+N M- NJ2NG2N !N-(N2P*2L,yN-NJxKN GJNLN2 M- (NJ PN- J2 #zy vp LN2z22+N2 VNJ,xK)N-z-yNJ+N2PN ]N+-JNyN )0- #zy v E- Pz, ^y(z,,N- PN- VNJ,xK)N-z-yNJ+N2PN2 ]N+-JNyN J,+ FJ+ ]$]t N-+N2 (J,xKN2 t *2P wt FLG ,0(JN FJ+ \$] N-+N2 )02 q yJ, v FLG * -NxK2N2 [JN KKN-N2 N-+N +-N+N2 J2 ]N+-JNyN2 FJ+ NJLN2N- $xKGzxK+*2L z*M %dN- *2P %0,N2 (J2HNG pp [z, ^y(z,,N- PN- EGNJ,xK)N-z-yNJ+*2L,yN+-JNyN (J-P J2 PN- %NLNG )0-yNKz2PNG+ *2P z2,xKGJNN2P NJ2N- H0FF*2zGN2 @G-z2GzLN *LNGNJ+N+ *- !0-yNKz2PG*2L KzyN2 ,JxK J2 N-,+N- ?J2JN FNxKz2J,xKN /K,JHzGJ,xKN !N- MzK-N2 yN(K-+o %NxKN2 0PN- #-0FFNG,JNyz2GzLN2 *- *-xHKzG+*2L )02 D-0y ,+0dN2 EN++zy,xKNJPN- 0PN- EG0+z+J02,z2GzLN2 *- (NJ+LNKN2PN2 Z2+MN-2*2L )02 EN++,+0dN2 #-0+ ,+z-HN- @02N2+-z+J02,,xK(z2H*2LN2 PN- B2KzG+,,+0dN ,0GG+N (N LN2 PN- =NJL*2L PJN,N, ^y(z,,N-, *F -z,xKN2 ^2Mz*GN2 )02 J22N-yN+-JNyGJxKN2 ^*,LGNJxK,yNxHN2 zyLN,NKN2 (N-PN2 BF ]N-NJxK PN- VNJ,xK)N-z-yNJ+N2PN2 B2P*,+-JN yN,+NKN2 *2+N- z2PN-NF M0GLN2PN >LGJxKHNJ+N2 M- J22N-yN+-JNyGJxKN >z2zKFN2 *- !N-ML*2L *F PN2 ^y(z,,N- z2MzGG * )N-FJ2PN-2 ,JNKN \KFJNG ppso
prs
v ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L *F $xK*+N PN- DN(,,N- *2P JK-N- =*+yz-HNJ+
@KGP*,xKN2o ZJ2,+NGG*2L 0/+JFzGN- B2+N-)zGGNJ+N2 *2+N-,+++ P*-xK B2,+zGGz+J02 )02 ,/NJxKN- /-0L-zFFJN-yz-N2 $+N*N-*2LN2 ^*MyN-NJ+*2L PN, LN-J2L)N-,xKF*++N2 ^y(z,,N-, P*-xK @0FyJ2z+J02 NJ2N- (NJ ,+*XLN2 !0-XG+-z+J02 FJ+ @N-N2XG+N-2 NJ2N- >NFy-z2,+*MN =z20XG+-z+J02 NJ2N- (NJ,+*XLN2 ^P,0-/+J02 *2P 2zxKLN,xKzG+N+N- [N,J2MNH+J02o Pz, z*MyN-NJ+N+N z,,N- #-J2H(z,,N-.*zGJ++ Hz22 JF ]N+-JNy (JNPN-)N-(N2PN+ (N-PN2 @-NJ, Gz*dK-*2L J,+ DNLN2,+z2P )02 E0-,xK*2L,)0-KzyN2 *F PJN ^2-NJxKN-*2L )02 )N-FNK-*2L,MKJLN- [=$ z*,*,xKGJNN2n %NJ2JL*2L,(z,,N-o $xK*G*2L PN- >J+z-yNJ+N- ZJ2yz* )02 [*-xKV*,,FN2LN2yNL-N2N-2 Z-,z+ PN- [,N2 z2 PN2 %NJ2JL*2L,Gz2N2 ^2,xKzd*2L NJ2N, H0FyJ2JN-+N2 C0xKP-*xH=JNPN-P-*xH%NJ2JL*2L,,,+NF, )N-+-zLGJxKN !0-LzyN2 PN, Fz z,,N-)N-y-z*xK, LNLN2yN- PN- %NJ2JL*2L,X- Fz AK-GJxK (N-PN2 J2 w ]N+-JNyN2 PN- VNJ,xK)N-z-yNJ+N2PN2 B2P*,+-JN u + %0K /HNG(z-N2 KN-LN,+NGG+ [zyNJ MzGGN2 u Fv 'HNGGzHN z2 PJN JF ^GGLNFNJ2N2 yN- PN2 ^y(z,,N-(NL N2+,0-L+ (J-P *- !N-(N-+*2L PN- 'HNGGzHN (N-PN2 M0GLN2PN !z-Jz2+N2 z*MLNNJL+ %NJI2N2 ppqo #-0xH2*2L PN- 'HNGGzHN PJ-NH+N ZJ2,/NJ,*2L )02 'HNGGzHN 0K2N !0-yNKz2PG*2L J2 [22,xKJxK++-0xH2N- *2P ?zLN-*2L J2 zG+N2 ]N-L(N-HN2 ^y+-N22*2L PN, =z+-J*FxKG0-JP, *F N-2N*+N2 ZJ2,z+ *2+N- z2PN-NF yNJ PN- @02,N-)JN-*2L )02 EGNJ,xK/-0P*H+N2 yNJ PN- @02,N-)JN-*2L )02 ENGGN2 *2P C*+N2 yNJ PN- %NLN2N-JN-*2L )02 B02N2z*,+z*,xKN-2 *- ^y+-N22*2L PN, =z+-J*FxKG0-JP, (*-PN M0GLN2PN, !N-MzK-N2 N2+(JxHNG+ JF E0G LN2PN2 (-+GJxK yN-20FFN2 z*, 'z*G ppro @0zL*Gz+J02 PN- '-0+NJ2N P*-xK +KN-FJ,xKN ]NKz2PG*2L PN- 'HNGGzHNo q \ Mt >J2 FJ+ z2,xKGJNN2PN- ^y+-N22*2L PN, @0zL*Gz+, P*-xK EJG+-z+J02 *2P $N /z-z+J02n w JNPN-LN(J22*2L PN, =z\G P*-xK @-J,+zGGJ,z+J02 PN- )0-yNKz2PNG+N2 'HNGGzHN JF !N-PzF/M*2L,H-J,+zGGJ,z+0-n v DNLNyN2N2MzGG, ^*MyN-NJ+*2L PN, $zGN, *F K0KN %NJ2KNJ+N2 LN(K-GNJ,+N2 * H22N2n u Z2+(,,N-*2L PN, LN(022N2N2 =z\G FJ++NG, [NHz2+N- LNLNyN2N2MzGG, #-0xH 2*2L *2P z2,xKGJNN2PN- !N-(N-+*2L PN- $zGN
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vt B2P*,+-JNzy(z,,N-
prr
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!0-+NJGN
ZJ2GNJ+*2L J2 PJN H0FF*2zGN @G-z2GzLN 0K2N yN+-JNyGJxKN !0-yNKz2PG*2L !N-LGNJxKFJL*2L PN, ^y(z,,N-z2MzGG, FJ+ yJ0G0LJ,xKN- =N*+-zGJ,z+J02 !0--NJ2JL*2L !0GG-NJ2JL*2L z,,N--NxxGJ2L
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prq
v ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L *F $xK*+N PN- DN(,,N- *2P JK-N- =*+yz-HNJ+
*- !0GG-NJ2JL*2L )02 ^y(z,,N- z*, PN- DN+-2HNJ2P*,+-JN *2P >JGxK(J-+,xKzM+ (J-P *2+N- z2PN-NF Pz, $N.*N2xJ2L]z+xK%Nzx+0-77!N-MzK-N2 $]%!N-MzK-N2 NJ2LN,N++ [JN,N, !N-MzK-N2 (*-PN J2 PN2 M-KN2 sN- AzK-N2 N2+(JxHNG+ *2P M0-+ Gz*MN2P F0PJXJN-+ BF B2 *2P ^*,Gz2P ,J2P xz ^2GzLN2 J2,+zGGJN-+ Pz)02 ur J2 >0GHN-NJN2 ]NJF $]%!N-MzK-N2 Kz2PNG+ N, ,JxK *F NJ2 \Kz-LN2)N-MzK-N2 $JNKN Pz* z*xK Pz, [ ^>N-HyGz++ > w ]NGNy*2L,z2GzLN2 JF ^*M,+z*yN+-JNy77 wp [N- '-0N,, J,+ PNF yNJF H02)N2+J02NGGN2 ]NGNy+,xKGzFF)N-MzK-N2 LGNJxK *,N+N2 ^GGN-PJ2L, X2PN2 yNJF $]%!N-MzK-N2 PJN ]NKz2PG*2L,,+*MN2 $NPJFN2 +z+J02 ]NGM+*2L @G-*2L 2JxK+ J2 LN+-N22+N2 ^2GzLN2+NJGN2 ,02PN-2 J2 NJ2NF NJ2 JLN2 #z2H ,+z++ [JN PN-NJ+ J2,+zGGJN-+N2 $]%^2GzLN2 z-yNJ+N2 2zxK NJ2NF HG*, PN- FNK-N-N !N-MzK-N2,,xK-J++N *FMz,,+ PJN J2 #zy vv N-G*+N-+ (N-PN2 B2 ^y K2LJLHNJ+ )02 ^y(z,,N-z-+ *2P *,zFFN2,N+*2L (J-P Pz, '-0N,,$xKNFz N2+ ,/-NxKN2P zyLN(z2PNG+ *- !N-FJ2PN-*2L PN, ^y(z,,N-z2MzGG, yN,+NKN2 J2 PN- >JGxK(J-+,xKzM+ *2+Nz2PN-NF M0GLN2PN >LGJxKHNJ+N2 %NJI2N2 ppqo $xKGJNN2 )02 z,,N-H-NJ,G*MN2 ] JNPN-)N-(N2P*2L )02 ]-PN2H02PN2,z+ >NK-MzxK2*+*2L )02 $/-J+(z,,N- J2 %NJ2JL*2L,Fz,xKJ2N2n >NK-MzxK2*+*2L )02 %NJ2JL*2L,Gz*LN Pz* (J-P PJN ?z*LN ^-yNJ+,+NF/N-z+*xz qt \ z*MLNMz2LN2 FJ++NG, KNJGz*LNyN,+2PJLN2 @N-zFJHF0P*GN2 XG+-JN-+ *2P M- PN2 2xK,+N2 %NJ2JL*2L,)0-Lz2L (JNPN- NJ2LN,N++ #zyNGGN vv $]%!N-MzK-N2,,xK-J++N z*, ALN- ppq !N-MzK-N2,,xK-J++
Z-G*+N-*2L
]NMGG*2L
[N- (NxH PN- ]NMGG*2L J,+ N, $*y,+-z+ ^y(z,,N- J2 PN2 %NzH+0* LNyN2 K-N2P PN- ]NMGG*2L (J-P PN- %NzH+0- J2 PN- %NLNG )02 xz wt '-0N2+ z*M FzJFzGN2 EGG,+z2P z*MLNMGG+ ]N-NJ+, KJNN-M0GL+ NJ2N !N-LGNJxKFJL*2L *2P NJ2N (NJ+N,+LNKN2PN yJ0G0LJ,xKN =N*+-zGJ,z+J02
yJ0G0LJ,xKN- ^yyz* zN-0y
JNG J,+ N, PJN ^y(z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN *2+N- zN-0yN2 ]NPJ2L*2LN2 (NJ+N,+LNKN2P zy*yz*N2 \$]]$]t^yyz* *2P =J+-JXHz+J02 'K0,/Kz+ (J-P P*-xK LNJNG+N NxK,NG )02 zN-0yN2 *2P z20J,xKN2 'Kz,N2 yJ0G0LJ,xK NGJFJ2JN-+n LLM (J-P FJ+ NJ2NF EGG*2L,FJ++NG 'NK-zKG B2PJ-NH+NJ2GNJ+N- [N-N2 ^y(z,,N- yNPz-M zyNLN(J,,N- !0-yNKz2PG*2LN2 yN)0- N, J2 PJN dN2+GJxKN @z2zGJ,z+J02 NJ2LNGNJ+N+ (N- PN2 Pz-M *)0-PN-,+ ,0GGN2 zGGN #-NyN--N,+N )0F >zJ,xKNXG+N- #-NyN-(z22N ?* +N-y0++JxK *2P #-NyN-,JNy z*,LN,xKGN*,+ (N-PN2 NyN2,0 (JN CNMN *2P EJG+N--xH ,+2PN [z2zxK LNK-+ Pz* PJN ^y,xKNJP*2L )02 D-0y *2P EN,+,+0dN2 ~yN- (JNLN2P (N-PN2 $JNyz2GzLN2 NJ2LN,N++ *F $xKN-yN2 @-02N2H0-HN2 *2P K2GJxKN, )02 PN- ^y(z,,N-z2GzLN MN-2*KzG+N2 [JN )N-y-z*xK+N z,xKGz*LN )02 PN- EGz ,xKN2-NJ2JL*2L ,+NGG+ (NLN2 PN- K0KN2 ^GHzGJ++ NJ2 yN,02PN-N, '-0yGNF Pz- [*-xK $NPJFN2+z+J02 Gz,,N2 ,JxK #-y,+0dN (NJ+LNKN2P zy,xKNJPN2 $xK(N-FN+zGGM-NJN Z+J HN++N2 )N-FJ2PN-2 *,+GJxK PJN ]NGz,+*2L PN, ^y(z,,N-, P*-xK >N+zGGN -NP*JN-+N?NJFNJ2+-zL )N--J2LN-+ PJN #-y*2L *2P N)+G PJN 0-Lz2J,xKN ]NGz,+*2L [JN ,+z-H yz,J,xKN %NzH+J02 PN- ?z*LN z*, PN- EGz,xKN2(,xKN (-PN 20-Fz GN-(NJ,N NJ2N =N*+-zGJ,z+J02 N-M0-PN-2 N22 2+JL (J-P Pz* LNGNLN2+GJxK PJN D -*2L,H0KGN2,*-N NJ2LN,N++ N22 N, PJN >N2LN2)N-KG+2J,,N )02 zyLNGNJ+N+N?z*LN PJN ^yLzyN ,0GG+N yN- NJ2 !0--z+,LNM *2P ^yGz*M FJ+ LN-J2LNF !0G*FN2 yN- #zLN 0PN- 0xKN2 LN,+-NxH+ (N-PN2 * )N-P22N2PNF ,02,+JLN2 ^y(z,,NJF @z2zG N-Gz*yN2 J,+ N, JF ZJ2)N-2NKFN2 FJ+ PN- DN2NKFJL*2L,yNK-PN NF/ MNKGN2,(N-+ z*M PJN =N*+-zGJ,z+J02 * )N-JxK+N2 ZJ2N-,NJ+, (J-P P*-xK PJN yJ0G0 LJ,xKN %NJ2JL*2L z*M PN- @G-z2GzLN FJ+ PN- N2+,+NKN2PN2 @0KGN2,*-N 0K2NKJ2 2N*+-zGJ,JN-+ L ]$]JGxK *2P >JGxK/-0P*H+N2 B2o %dN- C %0,N2(J2HNG @C *2P >NN- C C-,Lo ^#!Cz2Py*xK ?NyN2,FJ++NGJ2P*,+-JN u ^*V ^#! [! @ CN22NM [*2yz- pro ?NJ+MzPN2 PN- ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L,M-zLN 2xKN2 [ ^> w wpo ]NGNy*2L,z2GzLN2 JF ^*M,+z*yN+-JNy $]% [ ^ prqvpuqprwv E-z2HN C ppqo DN,N+GJxKN ZJLN2H02+-0GGN )02 ^y(,,N-2 FJ+ 'K0+0FN+N-2 Z2+,0- L*2L,/-zJ, Z' w $ tt E-JN, [ prpo ]J0G0LJ,xKN !0-yNKz2PG*2L K0xK)N-,xKF*++N- ^y(,,N- "F(NG+ u $ wppd D0GPyN-L ] ppqo >NFy-z2+NxK2JH J2 PN- H0FF*2zGN2 ^y(z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L ((+ CNM+ tppq $ tp D-0KFz22 ^ pqto EG0xx*Gz+J02 J2 'J/N, [N,JL2 z2P NFy-z2+NxK2JH L(M z,,N-^y(z,,N- vp =- u @-J+02 \*-J pqo #-Nz+FN2+ z2P [J,/0,zG 0M ?J.*JP z2P $0GJP B2P*,+-JzG z,+N, 'N-LzF02 '-N,, z,z22NH % ppso #NxK2J,xKN *2P ,0JzGN ZJ2V,,N z*M PJN Z2+(JxHG*2L PN, #-J2H(z, ,N-yNPz-M, [J,,N-+z+J02 zF EzxKyN-NJxK ]z*J2LN2JN*- *2P !N-FN,,*2L,(N,N2 PN- "2J )N-,J++ Cz220)N- >NG,z ^ ppqo =0)NGGJN-*2L PN- @G-,xKGzFF)N-0-P2*2L ^#!]*2PN,+zL*2L FJ+ ]>]E $+z+*,,NFJ2z- *2P ^yMzGGH0GG0.*J*F wpp ppq ]-NFN2 ^#!$xK-JM+N2-NJKN w ^#![! @ CN22NM >00-N ^ pupo [JxK-0Fz+N %NV* >N+K0P M0- [N+N-FJ2z+J02 0M *P-zxH @ *2P @*2,+ $ ppo ]J0G0LJN PN- ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L v ^*VzLN D*,+z) EJ ,xKN- !N-GzL $+*++Lz-+ 2xK 2N- ]NJ+-LN wu $ spd ]E $+z+*,,NFJ2z- *2P ^yMzGGH0GG0.*J*F wpp ppq ]-NFN2 ^#!$xK-JM+N2-NJKN w ^#![! @ CN22NM $xKN*N-Fz22 Z pswo [z, z,,N- zG, ?NyN2,FJ++NG L(M z,,N-^y(z,,N- v $ wv uuu sv *2P $ ssq $xKJGGJ2L $+ D-F/J2L > *2P @0GGyzxK A ppqo 'N-,/NH+J)N2 *2P D-N2N2 PN- >NF y-z2yJ0G0LJN M- PJN H0FF*2zGN *2P J2P*,+-JNGGN ^y(z,,N-yNKz2PG*2L ?] z,,N- ?*M+ *2P ]0PN2 rq $ vuvr $xKFJP+]-NLz, E- ptqo ~yN- PJN ^*,yJGP*2L )02 -NxK+NxHJLN2 ^y,N+yNxHN2 M- K*, GJxKN, ^y(z,,N- !N-dN2+GJxK*2L PN, B2,+J+*+, M- $JNPG*2L,(z,,N-(J-+,xKzM+ *2P ^yMzGG +NxK2JH "2J)N-,J++ Cz220)N- CNM+ v
pqs
v ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L *F $xK*+N PN- DN(,,N- *2P JK-N- =*+yz-HNJ+
$xK2J+GN- > N+ zG pqwo ZJ2N >N+K0PN *- ]N,+JFF*2L PN, LNG,+N2 0-Lz2J,xKN2 $xK(NMNG, J2 ,,N-2 !0F z,,N- tp $ tpd $xK*GN%N++FN- % ppqo CzG0LN20-Lz2J,xKN !N-yJ2P*2LN2 J2 J2P*,+-JNGGN2 *2P LN(N-y GJxKN2 ^y(,,N-2 @^ ut $ uwv $xK*GN%N++FN- % w #N+JGJ2P*,+-JN2 B2o ^#!Cz2Py*xK [JN2,+GNJ,+*2L, *2P !N- NPG*2L,J2P*,+-JN ^#![! @ CN22NM $NM-JNP \ E ]z*Fz22 ' Az-PJ2 = $xKNN- C #NJxKX,xKN- # *2P NPJ ppvo ]J0G0LJ,xKN 'K0,/Kz+NGJFJ2JN-*2L J2 PN- ^y(z,,N--NJ2JL*2L @^ u $ sssd $J+ C pqo %NJ2JL*2L 0-Lz2J,xK K0xK)N-,xKF*++N- ^y(,,N- FJ+ PNF z2zN-0yN2 ]N GNy*2L,)N-MzK-N2 ^y(,,N- PN- =zK-*2L,FJ++NGB2P*,+-JN !N-dN2+GJxK*2LN2 PN, B2,+J +*+, M- $JNPG*2L,(z,,N-(J-+,xKzM+ *2P ^yMzGG+NxK2JH PN- "2J)N-,J++ Cz220)N- C t $02+KNJFN- C *2P $xK2J+GN- > pqwo Zz M- PJN @02N2+-z+J02 z2 yJ0G0LJ,xK zyyz*yz-N$*y,+z2 z,,N- *2P ^y(z,,N- E0-,xK*2L $ qwd *K-Fz22 @ @ pruo #N,+J2L +KN ]J0PNL-zPzyJGJ+ 0M \0F/0*2P, Z^ ^D =N(, p Z^ ^D -JxK *FFNG A $+NJ2 $ $J22-NJxK ] *2P @K2 @ ppqo 'JG0+z2GzLN *- >JH-0XG+-z+J02 ((+ CNM+ sppq zK2 % pruo ZJ2 !N-MzK-N2 *- '-M*2L PN- yJ0G0LJ,xKN2 ^yyz*yz-HNJ+ )02 '-0P*H+N2 *2P ^y(z,,N-J2KzG+,,+0dN2 \KNF pq $ wwqd
\2Kw2L
\2Kw2Ll =0-FN2 =0-FN2 [Z D0-PwGGw
\ \GGLNFNJ2 w2N-Hw22+N %NLNG2 PN- #NuK2JH B2 ^2yN+-zxK+ PN- M-KN- yN,+z2PN2N2 *2P yNJ "2zxK+,zFHNJ+ ,+N+, P-0KN2PN2 K LJN2J,xKN2 "2*G2LGJxKHNJ+N2 0PN- "F(NG+yNGz,+*2LN2 ,J2P )N-yJ2PGJxKN %NLNG*2 LN2 yN- >J2PN,+z2M0-PN-*2LN2 0PN- JNG)N-NJ2yz-*2LN2 *2N-G,,GJxK [N- $JxKN -*2L PN- ?NyN2,L-*2PGzLN2 *2P PNF $xK*+ PN- z.*z+J,xKN2 "F(NG+ JF ^GGLNFNJ 2N2 *2P PN, #-J2H(z,,N-, JF ]N,02PN-N2 PJN2N2 J2 LGNJxKN- NJ,N %NxK+,20-FN2 #NxK2J,xKN =0-FN2 *2P ZF/MNKG*2LN2 z*M PJN J2 zGGN2 @z/J+NG2 PJN,N, ]*xKN, ]N*L LN20FFN2 (J-P [JN,N- ^2Kz2L *F ]*xK PJN2+ NJ2N- LGJxK HNJ+N2 PJN ?xHN2 * ,xKGJNN2 FJ+ PNF !0-+NJG Pz,, ,+N+, zH+*NGGN !N-,J02N2 )N- MLyz- ,J2P !0-z*,,N+*2L M- NJ2N =0-F*2L J,+ NJ2 B2+N-N,,N PN- zF dN2+GJxKN2 ?NyN2 ]N +NJGJL+N2 (0yNJ ,NK- *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN JNGN *2P >0+J)N NJ2N %0GGN ,/JNGN2 $0 (*-PN ] PN- Z-Gz,, NJ2N- #-J2H(z,,N-)N-0-P2*2L )0- prt Gz2LN NJ+ P*-xK B2+N-N,,N2 H02VJH+N yG0xHJN-+ @-J+JH HzF z*xK )02 $NJ+N2 PN- z,,N-(J-+,xKzM+ PJN *22+JLN !N-,xK-M*2L J2 PN- ~yN-(zxK*2L NJ2N2 *2NKFN2PN2 ZJ2V*,, PN- !N-(zG+*2L *2P (J-+,xKzM+GJxKN ]NGz,+*2LN2 yNM-xK+N+N [JN LGNJxKN2 ^-L*FN2+N (N-PN2 KJ2 ,JxK+GJxK NJ2N- ]zPN(z,,N-)N-0-P2*2L )0-LNy-zxK+ PJN z*M PJN,N NJ,N ,NJ+ FNKzG, AzK-N2 yG0xHJN-+ (J-P %NxK+,20-FN2 *2P +NxK2J,xKN =0-FN2 N-L2N2 ,JxK $0MN-2 PJN 20+(N2PJLN %NxK+,HGz-KNJ+ *2P ]N,+2PJLHNJ+ 2zxK >NJ2*2L PN- ]N+NJGJL+N2 JF !0-PN-L-*2P ,+NK+ (J-P NJ2N %NxK+,20-F Pz, >J++NG PN- zKG ,NJ2 *)0- INP0xK F*,, JFFNLN/-M+ (N-PN2 0y Pz, LNFNJ2,zFN JNG PN- ]N+NJGJL+N2 2JxK+ z*xK FJ+ NJ2N- VNJyGN2 +NxK2J,xKN2 =0-F N--NJxK+ (N-PN2 Hz22 0PN- z*xK 0K2N INPN 20-Fz+J)N %NLNG*2L [JN !N-H2/M*2L (J,xKN2 %NxK+,20-F *2P +NxK2J,xKN- =0-F N-M0GL+ N2+(NPN*2FJ++NGyz- P*-xK !N-(NJ, z*M +NxK2J,xKN =0-FN2 0PN- J2PJ-NH+ P*-xK !N-(NJ, z*M PJN zGGLNFNJ2N2 %NLNG2 PN- #NxK2JH Z-M0GL+ NJ2N ,0GxKN !N-H2/M*2L 2JxK+ yN,+NK+ PJN DNMzK- Pz,, ,JxK %NxK+,20-F *2P +NxK2J,xKN =0-F z*,NJ2z2PN- N2+(JxHNG2 [JN E0GLN J,+ NJ2N ?NLzGPNX2J+J02 NJ2N, >N-HFzG, 0PN- NJ2N, 'z-zFN+N-, (K-N2P ,JxK PJN J,,N2,xKzM+ z*M NJ2NF z2PN-N2 =J)Nz* yN(NL+ ,JNKN ] ?NLzGPNX2J+J02 PN, =zxK(NJ,N, )02 Zx0GJ ^y,xK2 ts =JxK+ 0K2N JPN-,/-xKN J,+ zyN- z*xK
pqq
^2Kz2Lo =0-FN2
PN- PJ-NH+N !N-(NJ, z*M NJ2N +NxK2J,xKN =0-F PN22 FJ+ PN-N2 2PN-*2L Hz22 ,JxK *2+N- "F,+2PN2 PJN ]NFN,,*2L M- NJ2N ^2GzLN 0PN- M- DNyK-N2 0PN- ^yLzyN2 2PN-2 >NJ,+ (J-P PzKN- z*xK Pz, ^*,LzyNPz+*F LN2z22+ ZF/MNKG*2LN2 H0FF+ NJ2N N-L2N2PN %0GGN * (JN N+(z PNF $zxK)N-,+2PJLN2 D*+zxK+N2 (N22 ] B2+N-/-N+z+J02,,xK(JN-JLHNJ+N2 yN,+NKN2 0PN- PJN JNGN PN=0-F*2L 2JxK+ 0PN- 2JxK+ )0GG,+2PJL N--NJxK+ (N-PN2 [zyNJ (J-P Fz2 ,JxK z*M PJN ZF/MNKG*2LN2 )02 EzxKH-NJ,N2 yN-*MN2 PJN ,JxK zGGLNFNJ2N- ^2N-HN22*2L N-M-N*N2 [JN ZF/MNKG*2LN2 ,+NGGN2 J2 PJN,NF $J22N NJ2N2 ^*,LGNJxK (J,xKN2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 B2+N-N,,N2 Pz- *2P ,J2P J2 K0KNF >zN z*M @00/N-z+J02 PN- ]N+NJGJL+N2 z2LN(JN,N2 ]NJ PN- !N-H2/M*2L )02 %NxK+,20-FN2 0PN- ZF/MNKG*2LN2 FJ+ +NxK2J,xKN2 =0- FN2 (J-P K*XL z*M PJN %NLNG2 0PN- PN2 $+z2P PN- #NxK2JH )N-(JN,N2 K-N2P PN- ]NL-Jd $+z2P PN- #NxK2JH77 J2 )N-,xKJNPN2N2 DN,N+N2 FJ+ *2+N-,xKJNPGJxKN[NX2J+J02 *2P PNF *,z+ JF $J22N PJN,N, DN,N+N,77 )N-(N2PN+ (J-P ,JNKN ] v =*FFN- CD wp ,0(JN ^2GzLN * CD wp ]D]G B wp wsu X2PN+ PN- ]NL-Jd zGGLNFNJ2 z2N-Hz22+N %NLNG2 PN- #NxK2JH77 NJ2KNJ+GJxKN ^2(N2 P*2L CJN-*2+N- J,+ NJ2N +NxK2J,xKN EN,+GNL*2L * )N-,+NKN2 PN-N2 B2KzG+ )02 PN>NK-KNJ+ PN- EzxKGN*+N zG, *+-NdN2PN ]N,xK-NJy*2L PN, $+z2PN, PN- #NxK2JH *F NJ+/*2H+ PN- !N-dN2+GJxK*2L z2N-Hz22+ (J-P [JN, J,+ yNJ +NxK2J,xKN2 EN,+GNL*2 LN2 * )N-F*+N2 PJN 2zxK NJ2NF !N-MzK-N2 *,+z2PN LNH0FFN2 ,J2P Pz, zGGN2 yN+-0dN2N2 EzxKH-NJ,N2 PJN >LGJxKHNJ+ PN- >J+(J-H*2L yJN+N+ [B= [B= qw #NJG *2P E0GLN2PN [!D ^-yNJ+,yGz++ D *2P [ ^ ^-yNJ+,yGz++ ^#!^ u KzyN2 ,0GxKN !N-MzK-N2 N2+(JxHNG+ *2P *2+N-JNKN2 ,JN NJ2N- ,+2PJLN2 &*zGJ++, H02+-0GGN [JN 2zxKM0GLN2PN2 EN,+GNL*2LN2 ,J2P LNNJL2N+ PJN -NxK+GJxKN ]NPN*+*2L PN, ]NL-Jd, * *2+N-,+-NJxKN2o $+-zMLN,N+y*xK $+D] vp ^y, o 77 N- yNJ PN- 'Gz2*2L ?NJ+*2L 0PN- ^*, MK-*2L NJ2N, ]z*N, 0PN- PN, ^yy-*xK, NJ2N, ]z*(N-H, LNLN2 PJN zGGLNFNJ2 z2 N-Hz22+N2 %NLNG2 PN- #NxK2JH )N-,++ *2P PzP*-xK ?NJy 0PN- ?NyN2 NJ2N, z2 PN-N2 >N2,xKN2 LNMK-PN+ (J-P FJ+ E-NJKNJ+,,+-zMN yJ, * M2M AzK-N2 0PN- FJ+ DNGP,+-zMN yN,+-zM+77 #-J2H(! u ^y, o z,,N- M- PN2 FN2,xKGJxKN2 DNy-z*xK F*,, M-NJ )02 @-z2H KNJ+,N--NLN-2 LN2*,,+z*LGJxK *2P -NJ2 ,NJ2 [JN,N, Z-M0-PN-2J, LJG+ zG, N-MGG+ (N22 yNJ PN- z,,N-LN(J22*2L PN- z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L *2P PN- !N-+NJG*2L PJN zGGLN FNJ2 z2N-Hz22+N2 %NLNG2 PN- #NxK2JH NJ2LNKzG+N2 (N-PN2 *2P Pz, z,,N- MPN2 FN2,xKGJxKN2 DNy-z*xK PN2 ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 PN- t yJ, r N2+,/-JxK+77 [zFJ+ (J-P JF /0,J+J)N2 $J22N PJN %NxK+,20-F FJ+ PN2 +NxK2J,xKN2 =0-FN2 )N-H2/M+ ]NLGJxK PN- ^2zG+JH N-M0GL+ PJN N2+,/-NxKN2PN !N-H2/M*2L J2 t ^y, #-J2H(! *2P yNLGJxK PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L J2 ^y, #-J2H(! *2P yNLGJxK PN- N-H,+0dN *2P >z+N-JzGJN2 J2 r ^y, #-J2H(! ^!] z,,N-! w ^y, w @*2PN2z2GzLNo [JN ^2GzLN Pz-M 2*- *2+N- ]NzxK+*2L PN- !0-,xK-JM+N2 PJN,N- !N-0-P2*2L *2P z2PN-N- LN,N+GJxKN- 0PN- yNK-PGJxKN]N,+JFF*2LN2 ,0(JN 2zxK PN2 z2N-Hz22+N2 %NLNG2 PN- #NxK2JH N--JxK+N+ N-(NJ +N-+ LN2PN-+ *2P *2+N-KzG+N2 (N-PN2 [JN Z--JxK+*2L PN- ^2GzLN *2P (N,N2+GJxKN !N-2PN-*2LN2 P-MN2 2*- P*-xK Pz, z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L,*2+N-2NKFN2 0PN- NJ2 J2 NJ2 B2,+zGGz+N*-)N-NJxK2J, NJ2N, z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L,*2+N-2NKFN2, NJ2LN+-zLN 2N, B2,+zGGz+J02,*2+N-2NKFN2 N-M0GLN2 [z, z,,N-)N-,0-L*2L,*2+N-2NKFN2 J,+ yN-NxK+JL+ PJN ^*,MK-*2L PN- ^-yNJ+N2 * yN-(zxKN2
^w %NxK+,20-FN2
pqp
=0-FN2 PJN2N2 Fz2xKFzG z*xK PN- ^*,L-N2*2L )02 FJ2PN-(N-+JLN2 '-0P*H+N2 D+NHz-+NGG *2P J2 z2PN-N2 EGGN2 Pz* +NxK2J,xKN ?,*2LN2 * N-FLGJxKN2 0PN* N-(J2LN2 *F ]NJ,/JNG N-FLGJxK+N NJ2 K0KN- D-N2(N-+ M- ]GNJ JF #-J2H(z,,NPJN !N-(N2P*2L )02 ]GNJ-0K-N2 NJ2 2JNP-JLN- z*, LN,*2PKNJ+GJxKN2 D-2PN2 (J2L+ * B2)N,+J+J02N2 0y(0KG ]GNJ-0K-N z*, +NxK2J,xKN- $JxK+ 20xK M- )JNGN AzK-NK2+N JK-N2 [JN2,+ +*2 H22+N2 [JN ^y(L*2L )02 =*+N2 *2P %J,JH0 ,/JNG+ yNJ PNEN,+,N+*2L )02 D-N2(N-+N2 NJ2N yN,02PN-N %0GGN ,JNKN ^y,xK2 uv E- PJN -0*+J2NFJLN ~yN-(zxK*2L PN- z,,N-L+N ,J2P =0-FN2 D-*2PGzLN INPN2 Cz2 PNG2, LN(0-PN2 B2 PN2 %NxK+,20-FN2 F*,, JF *,zFFN2Kz2L FJ+ D-N2(N-+N2 (J2LN2P z*xK Pz, !N-MzK-N2 *2P PJN *G,,JLHNJ+ )02 ^y(NJxK*2LN2 PJ-NH+ 0PNP*-xK !N-(NJ, z*M +NxK2J,xKN =0-FN2 0PN- PJN zGGLNFNJ2 z2N-Hz22+N2 %NLNG2 PN#NxK2JH MN,+LNGNL+ (N-PN2 [NF2zxK y-z*xK+ PJN %0*+J2Nz2zG,N 2JxK+ LN2z*N- * ,NJ2 zG, N, PJN %NxK+,20-F )0-LJy+
\t %NuK+,20-FN2 ZJ2N z*,MK-GJxKN $zFFG*2L zGGN- %NxK+,20-FN2 JF z,,N-MzxK ,J2P JF Cz2Py*xK PN, [N*+,xKN2 z,,N--NxK+, N2+KzG+N2 ?0,NyGz++#N+,zFFG*2Ln )02 ?N-,2N- C ]N-N2PN, @ *2P %NJ2Kz-P+ > C-,L Z-JxK $xKFJP+ !N-GzL ]N-GJ2 BF B2+N-2N+ ,J2P *2+N- (((y*2PN,LN,N+yGz++PN ?N,N)N-,J02N2 PN- GN++N2 v AzK-N *L2LGJxK *2P Pz-yN- KJ2z*, H0,+N2/VJxK+JLN ^*,H2M+N "F(NG+LN,N+N ,J2P )JNGMzxK *2+N(((*F(NG+y*2PN,zF+PN N-KG+GJxK ^H+*NGGN !0-KzyN2 (N-PN2 )02 PN2 IN(NJG, *,+2PJLN2 %N,,0-+, PN, ]*2PN, *2P PN- ?2PN- JF B2+N-2N+ N-G*+N-+ [JN %JxK+ GJ2JN2 PN- Z*-0/J,xKN2 "2J02 ,J2P )0GG,+2PJL J2 zGGN2 $/-zxKN2 PN- >J+LGJNP,+zz+N2 JF B2+N-2N+ *2+N- K++/oN*-0/zN*P0x*FN2+z+J02GNLJ,Gz+J02J2PNPNK+F *L2L GJxK JxK+JLN %NxK+,20-FN2 PN, z,,N--NxK+, ,J2Po z,,N-Kz*,KzG+,LN,N+ CDo DN,N+ *- - w J2 @-zM+ LN+-N+N2 *2P G,+ PJN %zKFN2-NLNG*2LN2 PN, zG+N2 CD z*, PNF AzK-N pps P*-xK ,0L !0GG-NLNG*2LN2 zy ]J,KN- Kz++N PN- ]*2P z*M PNF DNyJN+ PN, z,,N--NxK+, 2*- NJ2N %zKFN2-JxK+GJ2JN2H0F/N+N2 PJN P*-xK N2+,/-NxKN2PN, ?z2PN,-NxK+ z*,LNHGNJPN+ (*-PN [z, CD )0F v A*GJ wp PJN2+ PN- "F,N+*2L M0GLN2PN- %JxK+GJ2JN2 PN- Z"o qsqZ D $xK*+ PN, D-*2P(z,,N-, LNLN2 !N-,xKF*+*2L P*-xK yN,+JFF+N LNMK-GJxKN $+0dN p wrZ D ]NKz2PG*2L )02 H0FF*2zGNF ^y(z,,N- wsZD $xKzd*2L NJ2N, z2zKFN2 JF ]N-NJxK PN- z,,N-/0GJ+JH z, ,N--zKFN2-JxK+GJ2JN %%? wuvtZD "F(NG+KzM+*2L *- !N-FNJP*2L *2P $z2JN-*2L )02 "F(NG+,xKPN2 wsZD !N-,xKF*+*2L J2M0GLN PN- ^yGNJ +*2L yN,+JFF+N- LNMK-GJxKN- $+0dN wsqZD $xK*+ PN, D-*2P(z,,N-, )0!N-,xKF*+*2L *2P !N-,xKGNxK+N-*2L *2P wrsZD ]N(N-+*2L *2P >z2z LNFN2+ )02 C0xK(z,,N--J,JHN2 [z, DN,N+ LJy+ z*M ]*2PN,NyN2N NJ2KNJ+GJxKN !0-LzyN2 *- ]N(J-+,xKzM+*2L PN- z2zKFN2 PN- *,+2PJLN2 ]NK-PN u BM$Do ^*MLzyN2 PN, "F(NG+y*2PN,zF+N, PJN, J,+ D-*2PGzLN PN- ^-yNJ+ PN#-J2H(z,,N-H0FFJ,,J02 u BM$Do ^y(z,,N- [*-xK ]N,+JFF*2LN2 PN, r BM$D (J-P PN- =zxK(NJ, yN,+JFF+N- @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLNFNGPN/VJxK+JL CJN-* LNK-N2 z*xK @-z2HKNJ+,N--NLN- PJN FJ+ PNF z,,N- yN- +-zLN2 (N-PN2 H22N2 2N*N-PJ2L, z*xK Zx0GJ ZCZ\ \-/+0,/0-JPJ*F /z-)*F *2P DJz-PJz GzFyGJz ,JNKN @z/ t ,0(JN ?NLJ02NGGz ,/ ,JNKN ^y,xK2 pr !02 ]NPN*+*2L J,+ (NJ+N-KJ2 tt BM$D (02zxK %NxK+,)N-0-P2*2LN2 2zxK PNF BM$D z*xK *F (NxHN PN- "F,N+*2L )02 %JxK+GJ2JN2 PN- Z*-0/J,xKN2 "2J02 N-Gz,,N2 (N-PN2 H22N2 [JN #-J2H(! w yNPz-M PN,KzGy 2JxK+ FNK- PN- Z-FxK +JL*2L P*-xK Pz, ?NyN2,FJ++NGLN,N+ *F D-N2(N-+N M- xKNFJ,xKN $+0dN 0PN- ^-+ *2P !N-(N2P*2L PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L,,+0dN MN,+*,N+N2 Z, LN2L+ PN- !N-(NJ, z*M PJN #-J2H(z,,N--JxK+GJ2JN pqqvZD CD *2P BM$D KzyN2 J2 ]N*L z*M Pz, #-J2H(z,,N- Pz, LNFNJ2,zFN JNG PJN ?NyN2,L-*2PGzLN *2P PJN Z-KzG+*2L PN- "F(NG+ * ,JxKN-2 #-J2H(z,,N-H0F FJ,,J02 [!D [ ^ *2P ?^ ^ ,J2P LNNJL2N+N D-NFJN2 P*-xK N2+,/-NxKN2PN ZF/MNKG*2LN2 PJN @00/N-z+J02 PN- FJ+ PNF !0GG*L yNz*M+-zL+N2 ]NK-PN2 * ,+- HN2 #-J2H(z,,N-)N-0-P2*2L #-J2H(! wo !N-0-P2*2L yN- PJN &*zGJ++ )02 z,,NM- PN2 FN2,xKGJxKN2 DNy-z*xK )0F wtw ]D]G B $ ptpn ,JNKN ^y,xK2 u ZJ2N 20)NGGJN-+N Ez,,*2L PN- #-J2H(z,,N-)N-0-P2*2L ,0GG JF Az2*zw J2 @-zM+ +-N+N2
^w %NxK+,20-FN2
pp
[JN #-J2H(! yN-*K+ z*M PN- Z-FxK+JL*2L PN, vq ^y, BM$D *2P ,+NGG+ PJN "F ,N+*2L PN- %JxK+GJ2JN pqqvZD Pz- PJN ,JN J2 ]N*L z*M PN2 !0GG*L J2 [N*+,xKGz2P )0GG,+2PJL N-,N++ $JN J,+ D-*2PGzLN PN- KLJN2J,xKN2 ]N*-+NJG*2L )02 #-J2H(z,,N*2P PJN2+ LGNJxKNJ+JL zG, D-*2PGzLN M- PJN [NX2J+J02 )02 JNGN2 JF ]N-NJxK PN z,,N-(J-+,xKzM+ *2P PN, "F(NG+,xK*+N, ^*M PN2 ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 PN- #-J2H(! yN-*KN2 zKG-NJxKN &*zGJ++,JNGN M- DN(,,N- *2P ]PN2 B2,yN,02PN-N JF %zK FN2 NJ2N, F*G+J/GN2 ]z--JN-N2,,+NF, J,+ PJN #-J2H(! N2L FJ+ PN- "F(NG+LN,N+ LNy*2L )N-H2/M+ NJ+N-N (JxK+JLN DN,N+N *2P !N-0-P2*2LN2 ,J2Po >#!o >J2N-zG *2P #zMNG(z,,N-!N-0-P2*2L )0F qpqu ]D]G B $ vs * GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG PN- !N-0-P2*2L )0F [NNFyN- ws ]D]G B $ wrsw [JN !N-0-P2*2L PJN2+ PN- "F,N+*2L PN- %JxK+GJ2JN psrZD *- 2 PN-*2L PN- %? qrrZ D yN- DN(J22*2L *2P Cz2PNG FJ+ 2z+-GJxKN2 >J2N -zG(,,N-2 $JN PJN2+ PN- ^2N-HN22*2L )02 z*, [-J++G2PN-2 ,+zFFN2PN2 >J2N -zG(,,N-2 PN- ZJ2yNJNK*2L )02 *2)N-/zxH+ zyLNLNyN2N2 #zMNG(,,N-2 *2P PNEN,+GNL*2L )02 D-N2(N-+N2 M- >z2Lz2 ^-,N2 *2P EG*0-JP J2 ,,N-2 LNNJL2N+ M- $*LGJ2L,2zK-*2L [JN ^2N-HN22*2L *2P =*+*2L,LN2NKFJL*2L )02 2z+- GJxKNF >J2N-zG(z,,N- (J-P J2 PN- ^GGLNFNJ2N2 !N-(zG+*2L,)0-,xK-JM+ )0F pvw ]*2PN,z2NJLN- tv $ ust LN-NLNG+ ZJ2KNJ+N2 *2P NJ+LN,N+ ZJ2KNJ+Do DN,N+ yN- PJN ZJ2KNJ+N2 JF >N,,(N,N2 *2P PJN NJ+yN,+JFF*2L J2 PN- Ez,,*2L PN- ]NHz22+FzxK*2L )0F ww ENy-*zpqt ]D]G B $ uq *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG PN, DN,N+N, )0F v A*GJ wq ]D]G B $ qt [z, DN,N+ ,xK-NJy+ PJN !N-(N2P*2L )02 LN,N+GJxKN2 ZJ2 KNJ+N2 JF zF+GJxKN2 *2P LN,xKM+GJxKN2 !N-HNK- )0- ZJ2KNJ+N2)N-0-P2*2L ZJ2K!o ^*,MK-*2L,)N-0-P2*2L *F DN,N+ yN- PJN ZJ2 KNJ+N2 JF >N,,(N,N2 *2P PJN NJ+yN,+JFF*2L )0F v [NNFyN- pqt ]D]G B $ wwrw *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK PJN !N-0-P2*2L )0F wt $N/+NFyN- wp ]D]G B $ vsp B2 PN- !N-0-P2*2L (N-PN2 PJN LN,N+GJxKN2 ZJ2KNJ+N2 JK-N =zFN2 *2P NJxKN2 MN,+LNGNL+ * z =N(+02 = A0*GN A *2P >0G F0G ^!] z,,N-!o !N-0-P2*2L yN- ^GGLNFNJ2N ]NPJ2L*2LN2 M- PJN !N-,0-L*2L FJ+ z,,N- )0F w A*2J pq ]D]G B $ rt sr *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK PJN !N- 0-P2*2L )0F v Az2*z- w ]D]G B $ [JN ^!] z,,N-! -NLNG+ )N-yJ2P GJxK Pz,, z*xK J2 PN- DNy*PN+NxK2JH @*2PN2z2GzLN2 PN- z,,N-)N-,0-LN- PJN zGGLNFNJ2 z2N-Hz22+N2 %NLNG2 PN- #NxK2JH z2*(N2PN2 ,J2P ,JNKN 0yN2 ]zPNLN(,,N-%?o %JxK+GJ2JN rssZ D PN, %z+N, )0F qwprt yN- PJN &*z GJ++ PN- ]zPNLN(,,N- ^F+,yGz++ PN- Z" =- ? v )0F twprs $ r [JN ]zPNLN(,,N-%? yNPz-M 2JxK+ PN- "F,N+*2L J2 Pz, %NxK+ PN- >J+LGJNP,+zz+N2 (NJG ,JN *2FJ++NGyz- z2*(N2PN2 J,+ [JN, J,+ NJ2 "F,+z2P PN- J2 ]N*L z*M Pz, z,,N--NxK+ NJ2JL M- PJN,N %? *+-Jd+ ?NyN2,FJ++NG *2P E*++N-FJ++NGLN,N+y*xK ?ED]o ?NyN2,FJ++NG ]NPz-M,LNLN2 ,+2PN *2P E*++N-FJ++NGLN,N+y*xK J2 PN- Ez,,*2L PN- ]NHz22+FzxK*2L )0F wu A*GJ wp ]D]G $ wwt LN2PN-+ P*-xK PJN !N-0-P2*2L )0F v ^*L*,+ wp ]D]G B $ wsv ?NyN2,FJ++NGCLJN2N)N-0-P2*2L ?>C!o !N-0-P2*2L yN- ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 z2 PJN CLJN2N yNJF CN-,+NGGN2 ]NKz2PNG2 *2P B2)N-HNK-y-J2LN2 )02 ?NyN2,FJ++NG2 )0F q ^*L*,+ wr ]D]G B $ qs qr [JN !N-0-P2*2L PJN2+ PN- "F,N+*2L
ppw
^2Kz2Lo =0-FN2
)02 %NxK+,zH+N2 PN- Z*-0/J,xKN2 DNFNJ2,xKzM+ z*M PNF DNyJN+ PN- ?NyN2, FJ++NGKLJN2N *2+N- z2PN-NF PN- !N-0-P2*2L ZD =- qtwwu )0F wp ^/-JG wu yN- ?NyN2,FJ++NGKLJN2N ^yG Z" =- ? vp $ [*-xK PJN ?>C! N-M0GL+ NJ2N )N-yJ2PGJxKN !N-/VJxK+*2L H-J+J,xKN '*2H+N JF '-0N,,zyGz*M MN,+*,+NGGN2 *2P * LN(K-GNJ,+N2 Pz,, z2LNFN,,N2N $JxKN-KNJ+,Fz2zKFN2 MN,+LNGNL+ P*-xK LNMK-+ *2P yN-/-M+ (N-PN2 [JN, N-M0GL+ P*-xK NJ2 @02N/+ Pz, PN- DNMzK -N2JPN2+JXJN-*2L *2P yN(N-+*2L PJN2+ *2P * PN-N2 ]NKN--,xK*2L yNJ+-L+ ]N, ,N- yNHz22+ J,+ PJN,N ^2M0-PN-*2L *2+N- PNF $+JxK(0-+ C^\\'@02N/+ Kzz-P z2zG,J, z2P x-J+JxzG x02+-0G /0J2+, ]NPz-M,LNLN2,+2PN)N-0-P2*2L * ^y,xK2 vvo J2 PN- Ez,,*2L PN- ]NHz22+Fz xK*2L )0F wv [NNFyN- ppr ]D]G ppq B $ t *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK PJN !N-0-P2*2L )0F wv $N/+NFyN- wp ]D]G B $ vv ,JNKN KJN-* z*xK @*2,+ ,+0d%JxK+GJ2JN pwqZ D ]*2PN,]0PN2,xK*+LN,N+ ]]0P$xKDo DN,N+ *F $xK*+ )0- ,xKPGJxKN2 ]0 PN2)N-2PN-*2LN2 *2P *- $z2JN-*2L )02 ^G+Gz,+N2 )0F r >- ppq ]D]G B $ tw *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG v PN, DN,N+N, )0F p [NNFyN- wu ]D]G B $ vwu ]]0P$xK!o ]*2PN,]0PN2,xK*+ *2P ^G+Gz,+N2)N-0-P2*2L )0F w A*GJ ppp ]D]G B $ ttu *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG s PN, DN,N+N, )0F v A*GJ wp ]D]G B $ wtqt @-NJ,Gz*M(J-+,xKzM+, *2P ^yMzGGLN,N+ @- ^yMDo DN,N+ *- E-PN-*2L PN@-NJ,Gz*M(J-+,xKzM+ *2P $JxKN-*2L PN- *F(NG+)N-+-LGJxKN2 ]N,NJ+JL*2L )02 ^y MGGN2 )0F wr $N/+NFyN- ppu ]D]G B $ wrt *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG v PN, DN,N+N, )0F ^*L*,+ wp ]D]G B $ wrwv 'Vz2N2,xK*+LN,N+ 'V$xKDo DN,N+ *F $xK*+ PN- @*G+*-/Vz2N2 'Vz2N2 ,xK*+LN,N+ J2 PN- Ez,,*2L PN- ]NHz22+FzxK*2L )0F u >zJ ppq ]D]G B $ pr twr vtw *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG v PN, DN,N+N, )0F wp A*GJ wp ]D]G B $ wtuw 'Vz2N2,xK*+^2(N2P*2L,)N-0-P2*2Lo !N-0-P2*2L yN- ^2(N2P*2L,)N-y0+N M- 'Vz2N2,xK*+FJ++NG )0F =0)NFyN- ppw ]D]G B $ qqr *GN++ LN2 PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG w PN, DN,N+N, )0F wp A*GJ wp ]D]G B $ wtuw [JN,N !N-0-P2*2L -NLNG+ ] Pz, LN2N-NGGN !N-y0+ M- ^+-zJ2 *2P Pz, !N-y0+ PN- ^2 (N2P*2L )02 [J*-02 z*M DGNJ,z2GzLN2 NJ2LN,xK-2H+N ^2(N2P*2L [2LN)N-0-P2*2L [!o !N-0-P2*2L yN- PJN ^2(N2P*2L )02 [2LNFJ++NG2 ]0 PN2KJGM,,+0dN2 @*G+*-,*y,+-z+N2 *2P 'Vz2N2KJGM,FJ++NG2 2zxK PN2 D-*2P,+N2 PN- L*+N2 MzxKGJxKN2 '-zJ, yNJF [2LN2 [2LN)N-0-P2*2L J2 PN- Ez,,*2L PN]NHz22+FzxK*2L )0F wr ENy-*z- wr ]D]G B $ ww *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG q PN, DN,N+N, )0F v A*GJ wp ]D]G B $ wtqt [JN,N !N-0-P2*2L PJN2+ J2 #NJGN2 z*xK PN- "F,N+*2L PN- %JxK+GJ2JN psrsZ D *F $xK*+ PNDN(,,N- )0- !N-*2-NJ2JL*2L P*-xK =J+-z+ z*, Gz2P(J-+,xKzM+GJxKN2 &*NGGN2 z,xK *2P %NJ2JL*2L,FJ++NGLN,N+ %>Do DN,N+ yN- PJN "F(NG+)N-+-LGJxK HNJ+ )02 z,xK *2P %NJ2JL*2L,FJ++NG2 )0F wp ^/-JG wr ]D]G B $ s [z, DN,N+ -NLNG+ Pz, B2)N-HNK-y-J2LN2 )02 z,xK *2P %NJ2JL*2L,FJ++NG2 *2P LJG+ N-L2N2P *- !N-0-P2*2L ZD =- suqwu yN- [N+N-LN2JN2 ^yG Z" =- ? u $ Z, )N-yJN+N+ Pz, B2)N-HNK-y-J2LN2 )02 #N2,JPN2 PJN MN,+LNGNL+N2 ^2 M0-PN-*2LN2 yNLGJxK PN- )0GG,+2PJLN2 zN-0yN2 ]J0zyyz*yz-HNJ+ *2P PN- /-J F-N2 ]J0zyyz*yz-HNJ+ 2JxK+ LN2LN2 *- ]NL-N2*2L PN- ^2(N2P*2L )02
^v #NxK2J,xKN =0-FN2 *2P ZF/MNKG*2LN2
ppv
'K0,/K0-)N-yJ2P*2LN2 Hz22 NJ2N CxK,+FN2LN J2 z,xK *2P %NJ2JL*2L,FJ++NG2 )0-LN,xK-JNyN2 (N-PN2 ^*N-PNF (N-PN2 PJN z,,N-(N-HN )N-/VJxK+N+ PN2 C- +NyN-NJxK J2 PN2 P-NJ $+*MN2 (NJxK FJ++NG *2P Kz-+ PN, zyLNLNyN2N2 z,,N-, z2*LNyN2 *F PN2 !N-y-z*xKN-2 NJ2N PNF ]NPz-M z2LN/z,,+N [0,JN-*2L * N- FLGJxKN2 ^y(z,,N-zyLzyN2LN,N+ ^y(^Do DN,N+ yN- ^yLzyN2 M- Pz, ZJ2GNJ+N2 )02 ^y (z,,N- J2 DN(,,N- J2 PN- Ez,,*2L PN- ]NHz22+FzxK*2L )0F q Az2*z- wt ]D]G B $ u *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG w PN, DN,N+N, )0F v A*GJ wp ]D]G B $ wtqt ^y(z,,N-)N-0-P2*2L ^y(!o !N-0-P2*2L yN- ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 z2 Pz, ZJ2GNJ+N2 )02 ^y(z,,N- J2 DN(,,N- J2 PN- Ez,,*2L PN- ]NHz22+FzxK*2L )0F r A*2J wu ]D]G B $ q wswt *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG w PN, DN,N+N, )0F v A*GJ wp ]D]G B $ wtqt [JN ^y(! PJN2+ PN- "F,N+*2L zKG-NJxKN- %JxK+ GJ2JN2 * z %? pwrZ D *2P pqtZD @G-,xKGzFF)N-0-P2*2L ^yM@G-! )0F t ^/-JG ppw ]D]G B $ pw *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG p PN, DN,N+N, )0F wpA*GJ wp ]D]G B $ wtuw [JN !N-0-P2*2L PJN2+ PN- "F,N+*2L PN- %JxK+GJ2JN qswrqZ D yN- PN2 $xK*+ PN- ]PN2 yNJ PN- !N-(N2P*2L )02 @G-,xKGzFF J2 PN- ?z2P(J-+,xKzM+ ^+0FLN,N+ ^+D * ^y,xK2 uuo DN,N+ yN- PJN M-JNPGJxKN !N-(N2P*2L PN@N-2N2N-LJN *2P PN2 $xK*+ LNLN2 JK-N DNMzK-N2 J2 PN- Ez,,*2L PN- ]NHz22+ FzxK*2L )0F t A*GJ pqt ]D]G B $ tst *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG PN, DN,N+N, )0F r >- wp ]D]G B $ tts $+-zKGN2,xK*+)0-,0-LNLN,N+ $+-!D * ^y,xK2 uuo DN,N+ *F )0-,0-LN2PN2 $xK*+ PN- ]N)GHN-*2L LNLN2 $+-zKGN2yNGz,+*2L )0F p [NNFyN- pqs ]D]G B $ ws *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG PN, DN,N+N, )0F q ^/-JG wq ]D]G B $ sqs $+-zKGN2,xK*+)N-0-P2*2L $+-G$xK! * ^y,xK2 uuo !N-0-P2*2L yN- PN2 $xK*+ )0- $xKPN2 P*-xK J02J,JN-N2PN $+-zKGN2 )0F w A*GJ w ]D]G B $ run ww B $ utp *GN++ LN2PN-+ P*-xK ^-+JHNG w PN, DN,N+N, )0F wp ^* L*,+ wq ]D]G B $ rpv "F,N+*2L PN- %JxK+GJ2JN pswpZ"%^# *F $+-zKGN2,xK*+
ZJ2N !N-0-P2*2L *F $xK*+ PN- ZF/MNKG*2L ]*2PN,LN,*2PKNJ+,yG vw $ wpwpt # @ wqo #-J2H(z,,N-KLJN2J,xKN ]N(N-+*2L ,+0d-NxK+GJxK 2JxK+ -NGN)z2+N>N+zy0GJ+N277 )02 J-H,+0dN2 z*, 'Vz2N2,xK*+FJ++NG2 JF #-J2H(z,,N- ]*2 PN,LN,*2PKNJ+,yG DN,*2PKNJ+,M0-,xK DN,*2PKNJ+,,xK*+ t $ rprq
ppq
^2Kz2Lo =0-FN2
# @ ppwo ZF/MNKG*2L *F !0-H0FFN2 )02 !J2GxKG0-JP JF #-J2H(z,,N- ]*2PN,LN,*2PKNJ+,yG vt $ vsu # @ ppro ^2M0-PN-*2LN2 z2 PJN ^*MyN-NJ+*2L )02 *,+N- 20xK z*,-NJxKN2P %z*F M- PJN ]N -xH,JxK+JL*2L -NLJ02zGN- ]N,02PN-KNJ+N2 [JN Z-LNy2J,,N (N-PN2 K*XL zG, ?^ ^'*yGJHz+J02N2 PN- dN2+GJxKHNJ+ yN Hz22+ LNLNyN2 @*G+*-y*xK)N-GzL ]N-GJ2n #J+NG *2P B2KzG+,)N-NJxK2J, z*xK JF B2 +N-2N+ *2+N- (((Gz(zPN *L2LGJxK *2P +-zLN2 z*M PJN,N NJ,N *- B2M0-Fz+J02 yN- PJN JNGN PN- ?^ ^ ,0(JN * NJ2NF >NJ2*2L,z*,+z*,xK yNJ
%NLJ,+N-
u \^2zG,N2 q w>N+KGJ,0y0-2N0G tt t#zLN?J2JN svq
^#N,+ ^,,JFJGz+J02,NK-*2L,+N,+ pwr @N22GJ2JN2 PN, 2 pwq ^^$ ^+0Fzy,0-/+J02,,/NH+-0FN+-JN ss EGzFFN2 2 *2P D-z/KJ+-0K- 2 sp CP-JP@zG+PzF/M#NxK2JH r ^yyz*yz-HNJ+ *2P %N,J,+N2 pwt ^yyz*)N-KzG+N2 0-L $+0dN pq ^yPzF/M-xH,+z2P z*, NG ?NJ+M s ^yN--z+J02N2 tqr ^yH-*2LN2 ,JNKN @-NG wvu ^y,N+yNKG+N E0-FN2 )02 2 qvw $+-F*2LN2 JF qvw ^y,0-/+J02,H0NdJJN2+ ts ,/NH+-zGN- ps ^y*2Pz2HGz,,N uq ^y*2Pz2JdN- uq ^y(z,,N- yNJ ,N2,JyGN2 DN(,,N-2 uur @02+zFJ2z+J02 )02 #-J2H(z,,N- s ^y(z,,N-zyLzyN2LN,N+ ppv ^y(z,,N-NJ2GNJ+*2LN2 DNMzK- P*-xK 2 J2 ]zPNLN(,,N- qrv J2 ]zPNz2GzLN2 qr J2 @,+N2yN-NJxKN qru ^y(NK-H-M+N CN-zy,N+*2L yNJF ]zPN2 qsr ^xz2+KzFyN2 vqp ^\' t ^x-GzFJP rvq ^x+J20FxN+N2 ]NJNK*2L * DN0,FJ2 tt ^Pz/+z+J02 PN- >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 pwt ^P,0-/+J02 qu ]NGzP*2L qs DGNJxKLN(JxK+ qr zN-0yN- $+z+*, uwp *,+z2P yNJ ^y(z,,N- '-M*2L z*M 2 pwu ^N-0F02z, vru ^N-0,0G vrp ^Z$ ^+0FNFJ,,J02,$/NH+-0FN+-JN rv [N+NH+J02,,,+NFN rt N-M0-PN-GJxKN #NF/N-z+*- PN- 2 rv
^LLG0FN-z+J02 tw ^PK,J02 )02 ^N-0F02zPN2 vrs ^LL-NLz+N )02 >JH-00-Lz2J,FN2 qrv )02 )J-*GN2+N2 ]zH+N-JN2 qru ^LL-NL-z+J02 vwv ^H ^2+JH-/N- ^2+JLN2@0F/GN wwv F020HG02zGN 2 vqq F020HG02zGN -NH0FyJ2z2+N 2 www -NH0FyJ2z2+N 2 wwu !J+NGG0LN2J2 2 @0F/GN st )0F #/ BFF*2LG0y*GJ2 D www ^HH-NPJ+JN-*2L wv ^H+J)J++,H0NdJJN2+ s su sp ^H+J)H0KGN qr ]NPz-M qq Z2+MN-2*2L )02 >Jx-0x,+J2 tv ^H+J)H0-2H0KGNXG+N- qp !N-HNJF*2L )02 2 qp ^H+*0LN0G0LJN t ^GxzGJLN2N, vru ^GPNKPN P0FJ2JN-N2PN !NFy-z2N2 w ^*+0,z/-0yJN urs ^!] z,,N-! pqq pp .*J)zGN2+H02N2+-z+J02N2 tt .*J)zGN2+GNJ+MKJLHNJ+ tq .*J)zGN2PJdN-N2 qv .*J)zGN2/*2H+ tq s ,+KN+J,xKN ^,/NH+N PN- ^*MyN-NJ+*2L q ]zxJGG*,^-+N2 vq ]zxJGG*, xN-N*, vq ]zPNLN(,,N %JxK+GJ2JN pp $JxK++JNMN yNJ 2 tv z-2*2L )0- \z20yzH+N-JN2 tv ]zPN(z,,N Z2+N-0)J-N2 uu z-N2)J-N2 uw ]zPN(z,,N-z*MyN-NJ+*2L zG, @-NJ,Gz*M/-0N,, qqp ]zH+N-JN2 BPN2+JXJN-*2L vvp @02H*--N2 *F =K-,+0dN vwt 0GJL0+-0/KN vws /,xK-0+-0/KN vrs ~yN-GNyN2,Pz*N- svq J-H0-+N vu ]zH+N-JN2+0JJ++ pwt ]z--JN-N2,,+NF ,JNKN F*G+J/GN, ]z--JN-N2,,+NF sus ]z,NHz/zJ++ su ]NxHN2yPN )N-z2+(0-+GJxKN ZJLN2H02+-0GGN yNJ 2 qp (JxK+JL,+N ]NL-JdN )02 2 qqu
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s
%NLJ,+N-
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