The Correspondence of Severus and Sergius 9781463214838

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The Correspondence of Severus and Sergius

Texts from Christian Late Antiquity

11 Series Editor George Anton Kiraz

TeCLA (Texts from Christian Late Antiquity) is a new series presenting ancient Christian texts both in their original languages and with accompanying contemporary English translations.

The Correspondence of Severus and Sergius

Translation and Introduction by

Iain Torrance



 2011

Gorgias Press LLC, 954 River Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA www.gorgiaspress.com Copyright © 2011 by Gorgias Press LLC All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise without the prior written permission of Gorgias Press LLC. 2011

‫ܒ‬



ISBN 978-1-59333-971-5

ISSN 1935-6846

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Torrance, Iain R. The correspondence of Severus and Sergius / by Iain Torrance. p. cm. --

(Texts from Christian late antiquity ; v.

11) Includes bibliographical references (p. 1.

).

Severus, of Antioch, ca. 465-538--Correspondence. 2.

Sergius, the Grammarian, fl. 515-517--Correspondence. 3. Jesus Christ--History of doctrines--Early church, ca. 30-600. I. Severus, of Antioch, ca. 465-538. Correspondence. English & Syriac. Selections. II. Sergius, the Grammarian, fl. 515-517. Correspondence. English & Syriac. Selections. III. Torrance, Iain R. Christology after Chalcedon. IV. Title. BT198.T63 2011 232'.8--dc22 2011002147

Printed in the United States of America

For our much loved son and daughter of whom we are very proud Hew David Thomas Torrance Robyn Alison Meta Torrance 20 November 2010 (Cassiopea’s 16th birthday)

TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents....................................................................................................v Acknowledgments .................................................................................................vii Introduction ............................................................................................................ix A. Severus, Antoninus and Sergius.............................................................ix B. Earlier studies of Severus ......................................................................xvi C. Manuscript and Translation................................................................xxiii Text and Translation...............................................................................................1 Bibliography of Works Cited.............................................................................185 Primary Sources ..........................................................................................185 Secondary sources ......................................................................................186 Ancient sources...........................................................................................186 Modern material..........................................................................................187 Recent material ...........................................................................................189

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am most grateful to my old friend, George Kiraz of Gorgias Press, whom I so greatly admire, for suggesting that we bring this translation back into print, setting the Syriac side by side with the English translation. I am grateful to Katie Stott for her efficiency and speed with the typesetting and help with fonts. As I looked through it, I was conscious yet again of how much I learned from Sebastian Brock, how much he helped me, and what an example of generous scholarship he is to all his students. And, as always, I acknowledge the help of my dear wife Morag, without whom anything I do would be so much diminished. Iain R. Torrance Princeton Theological Seminary 64 Mercer Street, Princeton, NJ 08540 20 November 2010

 

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INTRODUCTION A. SEVERUS, ANTONINUS AND SERGIUS The correspondence between Sergius and Severus comprises three letters from Sergius, three replies by Severus and an apology from Sergius. The first letter from Sergius was addressed originally not to Severus, but to Antoninus, the Bishop of Aleppo, who seems to have asked Severus to reply. The outline of Severus’ life is relatively well known.1 Apart from his own very numerous letters, and hints which he gives in his theological writings, there are three ancient ‘Lives of Severus’.2 Though we may doubt their historical value, these lives even attempt to give something of a description of Severus. Thus, Athanasius says that Severus was a man ‘delicate in body and fine in person’.3 When he did the work of his brethren in the monastery, the blood used to run from his hands. Athanasius again stresses 1 A number of modern histories of doctrine give the basic facts: cf. e.g. J. Lebon, (1951) ‘La christologie du monophysisme syrien’, in A. Grillmeier and H. Bacht (eds), Das Konzil von Chalkedon. Geschichte und Gegenwart, vol. 2, Würzburg: Echter Verlag, [subsequently abbreviated as Chalkedon], p. 426, n. 4; W. H. C. Frend, The Rise of the Monophysite Movement (Cambridge 1972), esp. pp. 201-8; W. A. Wigram, The Separation of the Monophysites (London 1923), esp. pp. 57-60; R. C. Chesnut, Three Monophysite Christologies (Oxford 1976), pp. 4-5. 2 By Athanasius of Antioch, John of Beth Aphthonia and Zacharias Rhetor. A fourth ancient life was discovered by A. Vööbus: cf. ‘Découverte d'un memra de Giwargi évêque des arabes, sur Sévère d'Antioche’, Le Muséon 84 (1971), pp. 433436, and ‘Discovery of New Important memre of Giwargi, the Bishop of the Arabs’, JSS 18 (1973), pp. 235-237. Vööbus noted that Giwargi made use of the biographies of Severus by John of Beth Aphthonia and Zacharias Rhetor, as well as some other sources of unknown provenance. See Kathleen E. McVey (ed. and tr.) George, Bishop of the Arabs : a homily on Blessed Mar Severus, Patriarch of Antioch, Louvain: E. Peeters, 1993. 3 Athanasius of Antioch, The Conflict of Severus, PO 4, p. 602.

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that Severus was a compassionate man4 and this is an important quality in understanding him. All the early biographers emphasise Severus’ asceticism, and Severus himself, writing to Justinian, says that his life was habitually frugal.5 Severus was born in Sozopolis in Pisidia about 465. His family was well-to-do, and as a young man, not yet baptised, he was sent to Alexandria to study ȖȡĮȝȝĮIJȚțȒ and ૧ȘIJȠȡȚțȒ. From Alexandria he went to Beirut to study Roman law. At Beirut Severus came under the influence of a group of Christian students and began to study Basil and Gregory Nazianzen. At this stage he was baptised at the shrine of Leontius at Tripoli.6 We are told that after his baptism Severus became increasingly ascetic, spending much of his time in church. He qualified as an advocate, and visited Jerusalem where he decided to follow the monastic life. From Jerusalem, looking for a still more ascetic life, he went into the desert of Eleutheropolis. Here he eventually became ill and was persuaded to enter the convent of Romanus. At this time he shared out with his brothers the property he inherited from his parents and, after giving most of his share to the poor, bought a convent near Maiuma. Severus was already actively involved in opposing the Council of Chalcedon. Maiuma had been the episcopal seat of Peter the Iberian, one of the (probably) two bishops who consecrated Timothy Aelurus,7 and Severus was to follow in this tradition. He already belonged to the more Ibid., p. 613. The Syriac Chronicle, Bk. 9, ch. 16, p. 257. 6 Athanasius, John of Beth Aphthonia and Zacharias Rhetor concur in telling us that Severus received baptism at the shrine of Leontius. What is more interesting is that there is evidence in Coptic, though not in Syriac, that until the time of his studies in Beirut, Severus was a pagan and came from a pagan family. This evidence is presented by G. Garitte, from a Coptic homily which has parallels to the Syriac Homily 27. The Coptic homily (ch. 4, sections 2-6), contains a passage in which Severus, at the shrine of Leontius, prayed that he might be saved from pagan worship and the customs of his family. Garitte argues that the Coptic represents the original Greek of Severus’ sermon, and that this detail has been suppressed in the Syriac version. See G. Garitte, ‘Textes hagiographiques orientaux relatifs à saint Léonce de Tripoli. II: L'Homélie copte de Sévère d'Antioche’, Le Muséon 79 (1966), pp. 335-386. 7 On Peter the Iberian, cf. John of Beth Aphthonia, Vie de Sévère, PO 2, pp. 219-223; D. M. Lang, ‘Peter the Iberian and his biographers’, JEH 2 (1951), pp. 158-168. In his letters, Severus acknowledges the influence of Peter on him (cf. Select Letters, Section 5, Letter 11). 4 5

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extreme Miaphysite party, which rejected the Henoticon of Zeno. Liberatus, the archdeacon of Carthage, wrote of Severus that ‘dum sederet prius in monasterio Iberi, non suscipiebat Zenonis edictum, nec Petrum Mongon . . . exinde missus est permanere Constantinopolim . . .’8 As Liberatus noted, Severus was indeed sent to Constantinople. A Chalcedonian monk, Nephalius, stirred up the bishops in Palestine against the anti-Chalcedonian monks, who began to be harassed. John of Beth Aphthonia tells us that Nephalius even wrote an Apologia for Chalcedon, which Severus destroyed as if it had been a cobweb, with his two Orationes.9 This was the first important anti-Chalcedonian work of Severus that we have, and it was written around 508.10 Cobweb or not, Evagrius tells us that Severus was expelled from his own monastery by Nephalius and his party, and thence proceeded to Constantinople, to plead the case of himself and those expelled with him.11 Severus spent the years 508-11 in Constantinople. He seems quite quickly to have gained the sympathy of Anastasius, who was already not over fond of the Patriarch Macedonius, who had definite leanings towards Chalcedon. The Chalcedonians in the capital made a collection of edited excerpts from Cyril, in an attempt to show that Cyril himself supported the Chalcedonian account of the two natures. This work was apparently given to Macedonius, who gave it to the emperor. Severus, in turn, wrote his Philalethes, giving the true context of the quotations from Cyril.12 Relations between Severus and Macedonius steadily deteriorated. Macedonius’ position was not strong. He had already undermined his support from the extreme Chalcedonians by promising to uphold the Henoticon.13 In addition, Anastasius had a personal grudge against him. Euphemius, the previous Patriarch, had withheld his approval from the elevation of Anastasius, unless he wrote an agreement to maintain the faith of Chalcedon inviolate. This document had passed into the hands of Breviarium causae Nestorianorum et Eutychianorum, XVIIII, in Acta Conciliorum Oecumenicorum, ed. E. Schwartz [subsequently ACO] 2.5. p. 133.13-16. For Severus' own condemnation of Peter Mongus, cf. Select Letters, Section 4, Letter 2. 9 cf. John of Beth Aphthonia, op. cit., p. 232. 10 For the dating, cf. Lebon, Le Monophysisme, pp. 120-121. 11 cf. Evagrius, The Ecclesiastical History, ed. J. Bidez and L. Parmentier (London 1898), Bk. 3, ch. 33. 12 Between 509-511. cf. J. Lebon, Le Monophysisme sévérien, Louvain: J. Van Linthout (1909), pp. 124-125 [subsequently abbreviated as Lebon, Le Monophysisme]. 13 cf. Zacharias Rhetor. Vie de Sévère, PO 2, p. 113. 8

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Macedonius and, according to Evagrius, Anastasius’ objection to this document was largely the cause of Macedonius’ expulsion.14 In 511 he was replaced by Timothy. The removal of Macedonius was only part of a concerted effort by the Miaphysites. While Severus had been in the capital, Philoxenus had been busy in Palestine, undermining the position of Flavian of Antioch. At Anastasius’ order, a Synod was assembled at Sidon in 512. Flavian was presented with a list of seventy-seven anathemas as well as the request openly to anathematise Chalcedon. Flavian refused, being unwilling to ‘arouse the sleeping dragon, and corrupt many with his poison’.15 This was not to satisfy Philoxenus: his monks informed Anastasius that Flavian was a heretic, and they received an order for his ejection. In November 512, Severus was consecrated Patriarch of Antioch in his place. In his enthronement address,16 Severus affirmed Nicea, Constantinople and Ephesus. He affirmed the Henoticon of Zeno as ‘an orthodox confession of the faith’, but explicitly anathematised Chalcedon and the Tome of Leo, as well as Nestorius and Eutyches, and Diodore and Theodore, ‘the masters of Nestorius’. Added to the list are Ibas of Edessa, Barsumas of Nisibis and Cyrus and John of Aigai.17 In a Synod held at Tyre around 514,18 the assembled bishops openly anathematised Chalcedon and the Tome, and Severus joined with Philoxenus in expounding the Henoticon as annulling Chalcedon.19 Evagrius also tells us that Severus ceased not daily to anathematise Chalcedon.20 Evagrius, op. cit., Bk. 3, ch. 32. The Syriac Chronicle, Bk. 7, ch. 10, p. 179 (Hamilton and Brooks' translation). 16 PO 2, pp. 322-325. 17 It is interesting to note that in his Letter of Apology, Sergius also condemns ‘Persia’ (presumably Barsumas of Nisibis) and Cyrus and John (Severi Antiocheni orationes ad Nephalium, eiusdem ac Sergii Grammatici epistulae mutuae, ed. and tr. J. Lebon, CSCO 119 (text) and 120 (trans.), Louvain: CSCO, 1949, p. 186.24. [This is subsequently abbreviated as EM, followed by the page of the Syriac text and the line.] 18 See Honigmann, Évêques et Évêchés Monophysites (CSCO 127, Sub. 2, Louvain, 1951), pp. 16-17, for the difficulties in dating the Synod. 19 The Syriac Chronicle, Bk. 7. ch. 10. For Severus’ attitude to the Henoticon, see his Collected Letters (ed. Brooks), PO 12, Letters 46 (p. 320) and 49 (p. 324). He held that though it contained an orthodox confession of faith, by itself (without an explicit anathema on Chalcedon) it was unable to bring the healing that was needed. 20 Evagrius, op. cit., Bk. 4, ch. 4. 14 15

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In Antioch he must have made his presence felt. John of Beth Aphthonia tells us that, on becoming bishop, he sent away the cooks from the episcopal palace, and demolished the baths he found there.21 In his Cathedral Homilies, he warned his people against resorting to the races22 and the theatre,23 and his letters show his energy and the trouble he had in financial matters. But his time as Patriarch was not to be long. Anastasius died in July 518, and Evagrius tells us that, many contentions having arisen in the church, Justin, in the first year of his reign, ordered Severus to be arrested and punished.24 Severus, with a number of the Miaphysite bishops, managed to escape to Egypt. Philoxenus was sent into exile at Gangra. In Egypt, Severus lived a harried existence,25 but wrote some of his most important works. He completed his correspondence with Sergius from his exile. Lebon dates his great anti-Chalcedonian work, the Liber contra impium Grammaticum, to around 519.26 Sadly, the exiled Miaphysites began to quarrel amongst each other, and Severus’ works against Julian of Halicarnassus also belong to this period.27 Around 530 Justinian relaxed persecution of the Miaphysites, and in 532 he summoned the leading Miaphysites to a collatio with the Chalcedonians in Constantinople. Though invited, and promised immunity by Justinian, Severus did not attend this conference.28 He came instead, again at the summons of Justinian, in the winter of 534/5. At about the same time Anthimus of Trebizond, whom Zacharias tells us would not receive the Synod of Chalcedon into the faith,29 succeeded Epiphanius as John of Beth Aphthonia, op. cit., p. 243. Homily 26. 23 Homily 54. 24 Evagrius, op. cit., Bk. 4, ch. 4. 25 He mentions this twice in his Third Letter to Sergius: EM p. 158.6-7; p. 176.14-17. 26 cf. Lebon, Le Monophysisme, p. 153. 27 Lebon dates them to between 518 and 528: cf. Le Monophysisme, p. 174. The Syriac Chronicle, Bk. 9, chs. 9-13, shows the reluctant way in which Severus entered this quarrel. On Julian, see R. Draguet, Julian d'Halicarnasse et sa controverse avec Sévère d'Antioche sur l'incorruptibilité du corps du Christ (Louvain, 1924), and the useful review of Draguet's work by R. P. Casey, ‘Julian of Halicarnassus’, HTR 19 (1926), pp. 206-213. 28 The Syriac Chronicle, Bk. 9, ch. 16, gives Severus' letter to Justinian, refusing to come to the royal city. 29 Ibid. Bk. 9. ch. 19. 21 22

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Patriarch of Constantinople, and Theodosius, a friend of Severus, became bishop of Alexandria. This unity in the Miaphysite camp so alarmed the orthodox Ephraim of Antioch that he sent a special envoy to Agapetus in Rome.30 Justinian was then engaged in an operation to regain Rome, and the Goths sent Agapetus to Constantinople to treat with Justinian on their behalf. Agapetus arrived in Constantinople in 536. Zacharias tells us that he perverted the love of the king to Severus and Anthimus. Justinian’s interest clearly lay in the West, and Anthimus was replaced by Menas as Patriarch of Constantinople. Though Agapetus died in April 536, the political advantage of Severus and the Miaphysites was lost. Severus and his friends were condemned31 at a ıȪȞȠįȠȢ ਥȞįȘȝȠ૨ıĮ in Constantinople lasting from May to June 536. The synod was confirmed by an edict of Justinian on the 6th of August 536. According to the edict, Severus was guilty of both Nestorianism and Eutychianism,32 his books were to be banned,33 and he was to be banished.34 According to Athanasius, Severus left Constantinople with the help of the Empress Theodora.35 He returned to Egypt, and there, about 538, ‘the Lord visited him with a light disorder, and ... he fell asleep’.36 Antoninus was Bishop of Aleppo. His predecessor was Peter, one of the bishops who assisted at the consecration of Severus in 512.37 While he was Patriarch, Severus wrote to him several times.38 Antoninus was expelled in 519, taking refuge in Alexandria. The Chronicle to the year 846 records

Ibid. Bk. 9, ch. 19. Among other things, Severus was accused of being an ‘Akephalist’ (ACO 3, p. 137.8-10); a Eutychian and Manichaean (ACO 3, p. 147.35-36); of conducting uncanonical baptism (ACO 3, p. 112.35-36); and of holding illegal meetings (ACO 3, p. 113.14-16). The old slur about his pagan background was also brought up (ACO 3, p. 40.16-24). 32 cf., ACO 3, p. 121.5-9. 33 Ibid., lines 22-27. 34 Ibid., lines 30-34. 35 Athanasius, op. cit., pp. 709-710. 36 Ibid., p. 716. 37 cf. Chronicon anonymum ad AD 846 pertinens, ed. E. W. Brooks (CSCO 3, Syr. 3, 1904), p. 221, line 12. 38 cf. Select Letters, Section 1, Letters 14, 15 and 16 (pp. 63-70 in Brooks’ text). Also Collected Letters, Letter 29, PO 12, p. 260. 30 31

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that, having suffered persecution in various places, Antoninus died in Constantinople.39 Of Sergius, Lebon notes, ‘nous ne connaissons ni sa patrie, ni les événements de son histoire, en dehors de la polémique dont nous avons parlé’.40 We can see from his letters that he was a Miaphysite of an exaggerated sort. He seems to have remained in the East,41 after Justin became emperor, so it is not unreasonable to assume that, though he had a certain prominence, he was not a bishop. We do not know the background to the origin of the correspondence between Sergius and Severus, but we can surmise some of it. In the unnamed town where Sergius was living, a severe attitude was taken to converted Dyophysites. Sergius had a brief statement or țİijȐȜĮȚȠȞ, which seems to have been used as a doctrinal test42 for the converted Dyophysites. This was, ‘We do not speak of two natures or (two) proprieties after the inexpressible union’.43 Sergius’ țİijȐȜĮȚȠȞ had been submitted to an assembly, of which Antoninus of Aleppo was a member. The opinion of the assembly corrected Sergius, stating, ‘We do not speak of divided proprieties’.44 Sergius claimed to find this judgment difficult to understand, and it is a question of prime importance for the commentator to ask if ‘propriety’ was understood in the same way, in both Sergius’ țİijȐȜĮȚȠȞ and in the answer of the assembly. Sergius characterised the judgment as a concession,45 rehearsed several of his objections to it, and begged the assembled Fathers to help him. The request was passed to Severus and the correspondence began. The question of the exact date of the correspondence is not easy. Sergius was clearly addressing an assembly of bishops when he wrote, ‘Good Fathers ....’46 Lebon asks, ‘Etait-ce un synode?’47 We cannot say. Was Antoninus at its head? Possibly, as Sergius writes to him, but Severus him39

26.

Chron. a. 846, op. cit. p. 226, lines 7-11. Also cf. Honigmann, op. cit., pp. 25-

Le Monophysisme, p. 170. EM p. 156.4-7. 42 At EM p. 95.22, Severus, answering Sergius’ First Letter, urges him instead to make the Nicene Creed his test. 43 EM p. 71.1-3. 44 EM p. 71.4-5. 45 EM p. 70.23. 46 EM p. 72.27. 47 Le Monophysisme, p. 166, 40 41

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self was not available at the time, being, as he says, ‘Far off’.48 If it was a synod, can we deduce more about it? Lebon suggests it was the Synod of Tyre in 514,49 which would allow a date of perhaps 51550 for Sergius’ First Letter. There is easier internal evidence for dating the end of the correspondence, for both Sergius’ and Severus’ Third Letters point to a date after 518. To take these points in turn: in Sergius’ Third Letter, he speaks of the spark of his feeble tongue being used, ‘because of the remoteness of bishops in the east’,51 which very probably refers to the expulsion of the Miaphysites after the death of Anastasius in 518. Later in the same letter,52 Sergius, having prayed that Severus be given long life, says he looks forward to when he will say to the Lord God, ‘Thou hast turned away the captivity of Jacob ...’.53 Severus, in his Third Letter, clearly demonstrates a post-518 date, when he challenges Sergius, ‘Therefore show (me) when, in the six years I spoke in the Church of the Antiochenes, and wrote many letters, at any time I once said Emmanuel is one ousia, and of one signification and of one particularity’.54 Later in the same letter, Severus describes himself as put to flight by enemies in his tracks,55 and at the end of the letter, Severus refers to Dioscorus II of Alexandria, who died on 14th October, 51756 as if he were already dead.

B. EARLIER STUDIES OF SEVERUS Beyond question, the foundational work on the Miaphysites is that by Lebon: Le Monophysisme sévérien. This was published in Louvain in 1909, and Lebon brought it up-to-date57 with his long article, ‘La Christologie du monophysisme syrien’, which was published in 1951. Much of the material of the earlier book is covered by this superb 160 page article, and it is to this that I will mainly refer. 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57

EM p. 158.22. Le Monophysisme, p. 168. Lebon is followed by Honigmann, op. cit., p. 26 n. 6, on this date. EM p. 156.6. Ibid., p. 157.6-7. Ps. LXXXIV 2. All OT references are to LXX. EM p. 172.19-23. Ibid., p. 176.14-15. Honigmann, op. cit., p. 144. (Cf. Schwartz, ACO 2.5, p. 134 note 7). Lebon, Chalcedon, p. 453.

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Lebon intended to provide an over-all view of Miaphysite theology, and so considered Timothy Aelurus and Philoxenus as well as Severus. His study fell into two parts: the first, entitled ‘La doctrine monophysite de l’incarnation’ was short and descriptive;58 the second, entitled ‘La dogmatique monophysite de l’incarnation’59 was far longer and more analytical. In his first section, Lebon sketched where the Miaphysites may be placed in terms of the widely accepted distinction between Alexandrian and Antiochene tendencies in Christology. He immediately introduced the Christology of Cyril of Alexandria, showing that this became central to the Miaphysites.60 He then gave an outline description of Miaphysite doctrine, picking out particular key concepts. Thus, he stressed the Miaphysite exclusion of any type of change from the incarnation.61 God the Word was made flesh, but remained who God was. Similarly, the Miaphysites went to great pains to deny that the union to one nature involved any mixture or confusion.62 He showed the Miaphysite use of the union of body and soul as a model, with the insistence that this union did not produce an identity of ousia, of such a kind as would be destructive of the difference of the things which had been united.63 Commenting on this, Lebon wrote that, however frequently the Miaphysites denied it, they were always suspected of introducing a mixture or confusion into the union. He, however, saw them as terminological traditionalists,64 who borrowed the vocabulary of the Cappadocians and Cyril, who used ‘mixture’ words to express a very intimate union, but without ever wanting to imply any idea of confusion of the elements coming together in union. Lebon’s methodology is disclosed in this. As an historian, he notes the Miaphysite denials of confusion in the union, and the terminological parallels with earlier writers. Lebon began his second section by taking two questions around which the Miaphysite quarrel raged:

58 59 60 61 62 63 64

Ibid., pp. 425-450. Ibid., pp. 451-580. Ibid., p. 431. Ibid., p. 440. Ibid., p. 442 ff. Ibid., pp. 447-449. Ibid., p. 444 and cf. pp. 578-579.

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THE CORRESPONDENCE OF SEVERUS AND SERGIUS 1. The question of whether there are one or two natures in Christ. This is the question raised by the Chalcedonian ਥȞ įȪȠ ijȪıİıȚȞ. 2. The question of whether the ੁįȚȩIJȘȢ of each nature in the union is preserved or not. This is the question raised by the Chalcedonian ıȦȗȠȝȑȞȘȢ į੻ ȝ઼ȜȜȠȞ IJોȢ ੁįȚȩIJȘIJȠȢ ਦțĮIJȑȡĮȢ ijȪıİȦȢ.

He divided the section into two parts: one to examine each question. To answer question (1), he led his readers through a careful and detailed study of the vocabulary of the Miaphysites, to show how their terms and usages differed from those of the Chalcedonians. This section of his study fell into three sub-sections. In the first, ‘Les éléments de l’incarnation’,65 Lebon showed that the Miaphysites used ijȪıȚȢ, ਫ਼ʌȩıIJĮıȚȢ and ʌȡȩıȦʌȠȞ as being perfectly synonymous.66 Thus ijȪıȚȢ, like ਫ਼ʌȩıIJĮıȚȢ and ʌȡȩıȦʌȠȞ, referred to what is concrete and individual. According to Lebon, then, the Miaphysites ultimately read Nestorianism into the Chalcedonian perspective, thereby reducing all Dyophysitism to the confession of two really distinct beings. In the second sub-section, ‘L’acte de l’incarnation’, Lebon stressed that, to the Miaphysites, the incarnation was an act, a ਪȞȦıȚȢ. The Miaphysites never formally defined the term, and Lebon tried to illustrate it by considering the conditions required for ‘un groupement de choses’ to merit the name ‘ਪȞȦıȚȢ’.67 ਰȞȦıȚȢ, for example, had no more radical enemy than number: if the constituent elements in a ਪȞȦıȚȢ could be numbered, it would follow, within the Miaphysite presuppositions, that they were independently existing and not united entities. Similarly, to illustrate the concept of ਪȞȦıȚȢ, Lebon contrasted it with ıȣȞȐijİȚĮ and ʌĮȡȐșİıȚȢ,68 and showed that to note the act of the incarnation the Miaphysites used other terms: ıȣȞįȡȠȝȒ, ıȪȞȠįȠȢ, ıȪȝȕĮıȚȢ, and in Severus, ıȪȞșİıȚȢ.69 In the third sub-section, ‘Le terme de l’incarnation’, Lebon turned to the major formula of the Miaphysites, ȝȓĮ ijȪıȚȢ IJȠ૨ ĬİȠ૨ ȁȩȖȠȣ ıİıĮȡțȦȝȑȞȘ. He explained that the nature of which the formula affirms the singularity is that belonging to God the Word, who is the subject in the incarnation. The formula is thus distinctively Cyrillian and anti-Nestorian.70 65 66 67 68 69 70

Ibid., p. 454 ff. Ibid., p. 461 ff.; pp. 464-465. Ibid., p. 467. Ibid., p. 468. Ibid., p. 472. Ibid., p. 483.

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Illustrating his main point, as before, through comparisons, he briefly discussed the phrases ȝȓĮ ijȪıȚȢ ıȪȞșİIJȠȢ and ȝȓĮ ijȪıȚȢ įȚIJIJȒ,71 and then turned to consider apparently Dyophysite expressions permitted by the Miaphysites. The Miaphysite condemnation of Chalcedon and Nestorianism is well known, as well as their understanding that ਥȞ įȪȠ ijȪıİıȚȞ implied two natures in independent existence. Lebon now showed that to defend himself against the accusation of teaching a confusion, Severus allowed that one could speak of įȪȠ ijȪıİȚȢ, but only ਥȞ șİȦȡȓ઺.72 Similarly to defend himself against the charge of confusion, Severus taught that the Word incarnate is (ȝȓĮ ijȪıȚȢ) ਥț įȪȠ.73 For both these expressions, Lebon showed Severus’ dependence on Cyril.74 In the second part to his second section, Lebon turned to the second question he outlined at the beginning: the ‘conservation ou destruction de la propriété des natures après l’union’.75 He first showed the problem. On the one hand Severus was presented with the Tome teaching, ‘Agit enim utraque forma cum alterius communione quod proprium est’, and Chalcedon stating that ‘ıȦȗȠȝȑȞȘȢ į੻ ȝ઼ȜȜȠȞ IJોȢ ੁįȚȩIJȘIJȠȢ ਦțĮIJȑȡĮȢ ijȪıİȦȢ’, which appeared to argue for the preservation of the ੁįȚȩIJȘȢ of the natures which came together into union, but in such a way that the independent existence of each nature seemed also to be implied. On the other hand, Severus was presented with the extreme miaphysitism of a writer like Sergius, who wanted to exaggerate the nature of the unity to such an extent that he preached unification of ੁįȚȩIJȘȢ as well as of ijȪıȚȢ in the union. In an excellent terminological examination, Lebon showed that in the face of this dilemma Severus hammered out his own understanding of ੁįȚȩIJȘȢ. Qualifying ੁįȚȩIJȘȢ as ‘ijȣıȚțȒ’; ‘ਲ țĮIJ੹ ijȪıȚȞ’; ‘੪Ȣ ਥȞ ʌȠȚȩIJȘIJȚ ijȣıȚțૌ’76 he consciously followed Cyril, saying that ʌȠȚȩIJȘȢ ijȣıȚțȒ expresses ੒ ȜȩȖȠȢ IJȠ૨ ʌ૵Ȣ İੇȞĮȚ of a thing.77 According to Lebon, ʌȠȚȩIJȘȢ ijȣıȚțȒ expresses ‘l’essence spécifique’,78 and in this indicates the continuing difference between the natures that Severus insists on. This understanding enabled Severus to steer between the apparent Nestorianism of recognising 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78

Ibid., pp. 486-490. Ibid., pp. 489-504. Ibid., pp. 510-516. Ibid., p. 505 and p. 514f. Ibid., pp. 534-576. Ibid., pp. 537-538. Ibid., cf. pp. 538-539. Ibid., p. 539.

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two independent natures in the union, and the apparent Eutychianism of allowing that one or both of the natures in the union lost its integrity of identity. But here again, Lebon made what was largely a terminological point. The theological point was that Severus, in making this distinction, was doing something totally different from either Nestorianism or Eutychianism, quite apart from steering a terminological path between the two extremes. Lebon’s paper is described at some length, because he has produced a quarry of detailed references, terminology and historical background from which all who study the Miaphysites must borrow. However, as has been suggested, though his contribution was enormous, his work was essentially map-making over new and difficult terrain. Working within the map-making Lebon gave us, there is room for supplementary study. The ਪȞȦıȚȢ of which Severus tells us, and which Lebon described so well, was not simply a terminological singularity, but a uniting, an act of God the Word, for a purpose. I would suggest that this purpose, far from being exterior to the union, is part of what makes the union what it is. To see the goal of the union as a determinative part of the nature of the union is to inject a new dimension into the study of Severus. This soteriological dimension does not appear when one is map-making. Instead, it is to see the terms in a dynamic as well as a static or descriptive way. Even with the short but very dense text of the letters between Severus and Sergius, it is possible to ask new and fruitful questions. As has been noted, Lebon’s paper was published in 1951. Since then there has been a growing interest in the Miaphysites. An example is that of Roberta Chesnut.79 Chesnut’s interest is to study the relationship between Christ and our knowledge of God in the three very different theological systems of Severus, Philoxenus and Jacob of Serug. Chesnut gave a detailed description of some of Severus’ major terms and concepts, but was concerned neither with soteriology, nor with Severus’ relation to Cyril, and so her work was able to contribute relatively little illumination to the exchange with Sergius. Another modern work, though of necessity a very general one, is that by John Meyendorff. In his Christ in Eastern Christian Thought,80 he provided a perceptive account of the debates after Chalcedon, showing Severus’ important role in the formation of the theology of the separating Miaphysite churches. 79 80

Three Monophysite Christologies (Oxford, 1976). Washington and Cleveland, 1969.

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It is within the Miaphysite churches that some of the most stimulating modern work on Severus has been done. Since 1964 there have been unofficial theological conferences between theologians of the Eastern and Oriental Orthodox Churches.81 The Panorthodox Conference at Chambésy in 1968 decided that a theological dialogue should start between the Eastern and Oriental Orthodox Churches. Consequently, the Orthodox Churches set up a Commission for the Theological Dialogue with the Ancient Oriental Churches.82 This Commission first met in Addis Ababa in 1971, and then with the Non-Chalcedonian Commission in Athens in 1973 and in Addis Ababa in 1975. Significant contributors to the ecumenical discussion included V. C. Samuel of the Syrian Orthodox Church, and N. A. Zambolotsky of the Russian Orthodox Church. Samuel set out his aim very clearly. It was to question the view that because Severus criticised Chalcedon and the Tome, he could not have taught the faith of the Church in its purity.83 The question was whether the rejection of Chalcedon by Severus was the result of a Christology which explained away the human reality of Christ.84 To show that Severus did not dissolve the human nature of Christ, Samuel pointed to the heresies he rejected: Manichaeism, Apollinarianism and Eutychianism.85 He also considered the accusations made against Severus in 536.86 On the basis both of this, and of Severus’ positive teachings, Samuel argued ‘that Severus was not a Monophysite’.87 This was a provocative line to take, but Samuel justified it in a very interesting statement: ‘Severus never objected to the dynamic continuance of the two natures in the one Christ, and the ascription of the term “monophysite” to his theological position is

81 At Aarhus in 1964: Bristol in 1967; Geneva in 1970 and Addis Ababa in 1971. The papers from these conferences may be seen in The Greek Orthodox Theological Review, 10 pt. 2 (1964-5) (Aarhus); 13 pt. 2 (1968) (Bristol); 16 pts. 1 and 2 (1971) (Geneva and Addis Ababa). 82 cf. Methodios Fouyas, The Person of Jesus Christ in the Decisions of the Ecumenical Councils (Addis Ababa, 1976), p. 223ff. 83 ‘The Christology of Severus of Antioch’, Abba Salama (Athens), 4 (1973), p. 126. 84 cf. ‘Further Studies in the Christology of Severus of Antioch’, Ekklesiastikos Pharos (Athens), 58 pts. 3-4 (1976), p. 284. 85 Ibid., pp. 286-296 and cf. Abba Salama, pp. 145-151. 86 Ibid., pp. 283-286. 87 Abba Salama, p. 145 and cf. pp. 160-161.

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nothing but the legacy of the polemics of a bygone age’.88 As a consequence of this, Samuel argued that in the dispute between Severus and John the Grammarian, the issue was not whether or not the manhood of Christ was real, but how the manhood was to be understood and interpreted.89 Throughout all of this argument, Samuel showed beyond doubt the Cyrillian foundation on which Severus stood. If Severus was not a Monophysite, what was he? Samuel explained that Severus did not object to the dynamic continuance of the two natures. The exchange of letters between Severus and Sergius provides ample opportunity to study in detail the status and role of the human nature in the incarnation, and what implications this had for our understanding of the union. From the Chalcedonian side, Zambolotsky showed himself to be in considerable agreement with Samuel.90 He approached Severus through Lebon, and saw him as rooted in the theology of Cyril. Zambolotsky took up Samuel’s contention, that as regards the Miaphysite formula ȝȓĮ ijȪıȚȢ IJȠ૨ ĬİȠ૨ ȁȩȖȠȣ ıİıĮȡțȦȝȑȞȘ, ‘Severus’ position cannot agree with such interpretation of ȝȓĮ as simply “one”’.91 The point was that Severus was not a Monophysite in any bad sense, which would involve dissolving the reality of the human nature in the union. Zambolotsky examined this contention carefully,92 and concluded that the reality of Christ’s humanity was indeed strongly confirmed by Severus. It is appropriate to ask then how it was confirmed, what was its status and what was the nature of the union. Zambolotsky hinted at an answer to this. It was shown above that Samuel spoke of the ‘dynamic continuance’ of the two natures in Severus’ Christology. Zambolotsky suggested that ‘Severus’ human nature is not “hypostatic” but like the human nature of Leontius of Byzantium and John of Damascus “hypostatized”, received into the unity of the hypostasis of the Logos’.93 This perceptive comment may hold the key for future study of Severus’ Christology. Iain R. Torrance took this trajectory further in his Ibid., pp. 161-162. cf. Ekklesiastikos Pharos, p. 277, and Abba Salama, p. 173. 90 ‘The Christology of Severus of Antioch’, Ekklesiastikos Pharos, 58 pts. 3-4 (1976), pp. 357-386. 91 Zambolotsky, ibid., p. 367; cf. Samuel, Abba Salama, pp. 145 and 160-161 and ‘One Incarnate Nature of God the Word’, Greek Orthodox Theological Review, 10 pt. 2 (1964), p. 48. 92 Zambolotsky, ibid., pp. 367-373. 93 Ibid., p. 377. 88 89

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Christology after Chalcedon: Severus of Antioch and Sergius the Monophysite94 and a subsequent paper examining Severus’ use of Gregory of Nazianzus.95 This line of interpretation of Severus was largely followed by Aloys Grillmeier and Theresia Hainthaler in Christ in Christian Tradition, volume 2, part 2, The Church of Constantinople in the Sixth Century.96

C. MANUSCRIPT AND TRANSLATION The letters between Severus and Sergius were, of course, written in Greek. In the preface to his edition of the Syriac text, Lebon refers to A. Baumstark, who judged that the Syriac translation was made by Paul of Kallinike.97 M. Brière agrees with this.98 Paul was banished from his see around 519. He later went to Edessa, where he translated many of Severus’ works. He died in exile.99 The manuscript translated is that edited by Lebon in 1949.100 It is BL Add MS 17154. Wright described the manuscript as being of vellum, about 7 7/8 inches by 6 5/8, and consisting of 52 leaves, some of which are slightly stained, especially at the beginning. Each page is divided into two columns, of from 31-42 lines, and he told us that the volume is written in a good, regular Estrangela hand of the 7th century.101 Lebon told us that Wright forgot to note that there is a gap in the manuscript between the present folios 6 and 7. Photography seems to reveal that 3 folios have been cut out.102 Lebon believed Add 17154 to be the only manuscript of the letters.103 In an article published in 1975 Sebastian Brock has shown that fragments of the letters survive in an 8th or 9th century manuscript, Harvard 94

1998.

Cambridge: Canterbury Press, 1988 and Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock,

95 ‘Paradigm change in sixth century Christology’ in Greek Orthodox Theological Review, volume 36, part 3-4, 1992, pp 277-285. 96 London: Mowbray (ET 1995). The discussion of the exchange between Severus and Sergius is on pp. 111-128. 97 EM p. v. 98 ‘Introduction Générale à toutes les Homélies’, PO 29, p. 17. 99 Honigmann, op. cit., p. 54. 100 CSCO 119 (Syr. 64). 101 W. Wright, Catalogue of the Syriac Manuscripts in the British Museum (London, 1872), pt. 2, pp. 557-558. 102 Lebon, Le Monophysisme, p. 163, n. 2. 103 cf. EM p. iv.

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(Houghton Library) syr. 22.104 In a report, Brock described the manuscript as containing 80 folios, the vast majority of which are loose, and many of which are badly damaged.105 The folios are out of order and many have been lost. Keeping to the order of the modern foliation Sebastian Brock was kind enough to give me a list of what fragments of the letters the manuscript preserves. This goes slightly beyond the list he gave in his report.106 The reference is to the pagination of Lebon’s edition of the Syriac text.

H. syr. 22 f.12b = Lebon p. 70.3-25

50 = 90.29- 94.16 39 = 94.16- 98.11 37 = 98.12-101.25 23 = 101.25-105.10 47 = 105.10-108.19 59 = 108.19-112.1

45 = 115.15-118.20 are used to show a lacuna in the manuscript.

107

Ibid., p. 19.

TEXT AND TRANSLATION

1

2

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143

ò .ťƀƄƀźƌĥĪ ťƃƢſƢźƘ ŧĿĭŤƏĪĭ ĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏĪ ŧĪűŷíƆĪ ŦŁǔūĥ (70) ťƃƢſƢźƘ ŧĿĭŤƏ ťƀƐŶ ŁŴƆ ĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏĪ ŦƼƉűƟ ŦŁƢūĥ ò ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ķŴƕĿƦƌĪ ľĪĮ ñ ƎƄſĥĪ ĵŤƣñ ųŨĪ ñ .ťƀƄƀźƌĥĪ ƎƀŷũƤƉ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ŸƇƣĭ .ŪƇŶĪ ťƙƠƐƘĥ ťƍƀƌŴźƌĥĪ ťƊƤŨ ŴŷƤŶŁĥ űƃ ĝťŷƀƤƉ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĖťƍƃĬ ƑƀūƢƏ ťƙƠƐƀƘĥ ťƍƀƌŴźƌĥ ĝťƍŶĭĿ ťŨĥ ťƀƐŶĭ ĝĵŴƄŨ ƥſűƟ ƁƇſĪ ŧƢƊƆ .IJűŶ ķƢƊŨ ĜĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ŧƢſƞŨ ò ò ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ ťƣĬ űƃ ò ƻƨŨŴƠƏ ťƀƍƤƊƣ ťƠƀƆŵŨĪ ťƉ ƅſĥĭ ĝƦƠſĪĥñ Ŧƻųƭ ò ò ƁƆ ƎſƢƀŶ ťƄƣŴƘ ŁŴƆĭ ĜŦŁŵŶĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƐƙƟƦƉ ťſĪĭŴƣ Ĝljĥ ĿŤŶñ ĭĬñ .ťƘŴŹĪ ťƠƉŴƕ ƎſĪ ljĥ ŦŵŶñ .ƁƆ ƼƆ ŦŁƻƦŶ ŦƼƕĿŁĪ ƎƉñ ĝŦƦƍƀƙƏĪ ò ŧĪĬ ƎƉ űƃĭ .ŦųƭĪ ŦƦƕűſĭ ŦƦƊƄŶĪ Ĝljĥ ơŶĪƦƉ ŦƼƣĭǔƘ ŦƦũƤŷƊŨ ò ĵŤƣĪ ñ ĝƢƉŵƉĪñ ĭĬĪñ ƻƢƟõ ťƏŴƊƌ ĭĬ ťƍŨĮ .ƅƆ ƎƀƕĪŴƉĭ ƅſųŨƧ ñ ƢƉĥĪ ĝŦƦƍſűƉ Ƌƕ ťƣĬ ljŁĥ .ťƄƣŴƘĪ ƈƀƃĬ ĝƎƀƄƘĬ ķĭĬŁŴƆĭ ƎƀƇƙƌĪ ƎƀƆųƆĪ ĜƼƖŨñ ťƀƌųƃ ķŴƄƇſĪ ťſŴƤƍƃ ƎƉ .ķĭƦƌĥ ƎƀƐƙƉ ťŨĿĭǓ ķĭƦƌĥ űƃ .ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉĪ ŦƻĪĭŁĪ ŧƢƠƕ ƎƍŶ ƎƀƆŤƣ ĴĿűƉĪ ťƊƃ ŦŁŴƍƊſĬĪ ťƐƘŴŹĪ ƎƀƇſŤŨ ƻĭĬñ ŭƇŬƇƉ ƁƆ ƨƀŶĪ ťƊƃĪ ŴƆĪ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ķĭųƿĪ ƎſĪ ķĭƨƘŤƟ (71) .ƻĭĬñ ħǁñ ƎƀƇſŤŨ ƻĭĬñ ò ƎſǓŁ ŧĪĬ Ƨĥ .ŦƼƇſĪò Ƨĭ .ŦƼƌƢƉĥƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ŦƼƇſĪò ŴƆĪ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ .ķŴƄƍƉ ŁĭĬ ŁĽĿŁŁĥ ĜŁűũƕŁĥ ŦƦƇƊŨ ŴƆĪ ŁƢŨƦƏĥĪ ò ŧĪĬ ƎƉĭ .ƎƍſƢƉĥ ŦƦŬƇƙƉò ƈƖƆ űƃĭ .ťƤƙƌĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƁƆ ƎƤūƦƤƉ ñ ljĥ ŸƄƤƉ ťƣĬ ƈƀƃűƕ Ƨ ĜljĭĬ ƻĭĬñ ƅƘųƉ ƦŶƦƆĭ ŁŴƆ ơƏĥĪ .ťƊƀƏ ťƊſűƟĪ ŦƦƕűſ ò ò ĝƋſƢƌ ƑƀƏĭĥ ƁƄƘĬĪ ŦŁĿŴũƤƆĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĝƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥ ŦƼƇſĪò ƎſŁǓŁ .Ƣƀū ťƍƉ ƢźƌĪ ŧĪĬ Ƨĥ .ťƀƃŴũŷƆ ŦƦŷƌ Ƨ ŦŁĭųƭĭ ŧƢƐŨ ƈƃƦƐƉ õ ŧƢƐŨ űƃ ò ò ñ .ķĭųſƻĥ ƑƀƏĭĥ ŧƢƐŨĭ Ƣƀū Ŧųƭ .ŦƼƇſĪ ƅƏ ŴƆĭ ųſƻĥ ƑƀƏĭĥò ŦĭĬĪñ IJĬñ ƎſĪ ŧƢƐŨĪ .IJĬĭƻĥ ƻŤƉĭƦƉĪ IJĬñ ĜŦųƆƧ ƎſĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ò ƢƉŤƌ ƎſĪ ķĥ .ƈũŶƦƉĭ ƎƍƀƖŨñ ljǔƕŴƏ ŁŴƆ űƃ ťƍƄſĥ .ŦƼƇſĪò ƎſŴƠƉĪ ñ ñ Ƨĭ ŦŵŶƦƉ ƧĪ IJĬ ĜŦƼƇſĪ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ Ƣƀū ŦųƆƧ .ƎƀƆĬ ƎƍƀŷƄƤƉ

3

4

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ò Ƌƕĭ IJŵŶŁĥ ťƕĿDŽƕĭ ŦŁĥõ ƻŤƍſŵŶƦƉ Ŧųƭ Ƨĥ .ƥƤūƦƉ ñ ťƤƍƀƍŨ .ƅƘĬŁĥ ĭĬñ .ƼƣƢŨ ƎƉ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĭĬñ .ťƤƌĥ ƁƍŨò ƎƉ ƢſƞŨĪ ƢƠƀƉ Ƨ ĬĭŵŶĭ IJųƀƍſŵŶĭ ñ ò ŦƦƇƉ ƈźƉ ƁƤūò Ǝſűſĥĭ ò .ƎſŵŶĭ ƎƖƊƣĪ ƎƉĪ ĜŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪĭ Ƨĥ .ťƀŶĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎſĪ ťƄſĥ .ƈũŶƦƌ ñ Ļĥ űƇſŁĥ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶ űƃĭ .űƇſƦƌ ĭűƆĭĥĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ƎſǓŁ ò ŧƢƐũƆ ƗƀũŹĭ ťƀƍƏ űƠſ Ƣƀū Ƨ űƃ .ťƤƌƢŨ űŶ Ƨĭ ťŷƀƤƉĪ Ƣƀū ťŨĥ .ťƀŶĪ ŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪ IJĬñ ƅſĥ ŴƆĪ ƈźƉ .ťƃĿĬ ƎƉ .ťſƢƉ ơƙƌ õ ťƊƤŬƉ ťƕĿŁ ñ ƎſŁǓŁ ķĥĭ .ųſƻĥ ƋƀƏĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ƎſĪ ƈƃ .ƨũŶ ŦŵŶ ĬƢƐŨ Ƨĭ ĝűƇſŁĥ ò (72) ƎſǓŁ ĜŦƼƇſĪò ƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥ ƎŬƇƙƉò ƧĪ ƎſĪ ķĥ .ƢƉŤƌĪ ƎƍſƞƆĥƦƉ ťƍƀƃĭ ò ƈƖƆ ťŬƇƙƉò Ƨ Ƨĥ .ƎƀŬƇƙƉ ťƍƀƄƆ ķŴƌĬñ ƨƘĥ ĜƎƍſƢũƐƉ ŦƼƇſĪò ñ .ƎƆ ƎƀƠƕŵƉ ƦŶƦƆĭ űƃĪ .ķĭƧĪ ŦŁŴƀƍƣĭ ljĭűƀƠƿĪ ljĬĿŴƃĪ ķĭƨƙƟ ŴƌĬĭ ò ò ƻŤŬƇƙƉ Ƨ ĜŦŁƢŶĥ IJĬĪñ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƣ Ƌƕ ĝťƍƀƃ Ƌƕ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƊƆ ťŬƇƙƉ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ĝľĭƢƖƌ ťƍƃĬõ ƅſĥĪ ŦŁĭƢƠƘ ƎƉ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ .ŧƢƉĥ ò ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ƧĪ ĭĬõ ķĥ .ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ƎƍƀƙƇƉ ƢƐũƉĪ űŶ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ĭĬĪñ .ƈũƠƌõ ƢƐũƉĪ ŦųƭĪ ƎſŁǓŁ ƎƉ ŦƼƇſĪ ŧűŶĭ ťƍƃĬ ĝƎƍŷũƣ ťŷƀƤƊƆ ñ ƎƉñ ŦŵŶƦƌĪ ŦŁŴſűŶ űƀŨ ŦƼƤƌĥ ŦƼƇſűƆ ƎſĪ Ƣũƕ .ŦŁŴƊƀƐŨ ƈźƉ ƈũƟ ò ŧűƟŴſ ƎƉ ŦĭĬ űŬƌƦƉ õ Ƨ űƃ .ťƀƉ ƈƕ ƈƀƃĬ ŦĭĬ ƅƆųƉ .ŦƼƤſĿ ťƕǓŁĭ .ŦĭĬ ƅũƆƦƉ Ƨ .ŧƢũƟ ĭĭĬ ƎƀƖũŹ űƃĭ .ťƊſĪ ťƠƉŴƖƆ ŧƢƐŨĪ .ķĭųƆ ŦĭĬ ƼƆ ŦƦƇƖƉ ķŴǀƌĪ ƎſűƀŶĥĪ ñ Ƨĭ ĜťƕűſƦƉ ųíƇſĪ ŦƦƇƊŨ ĶűƉ ŦƼƇſĪ ŦųƭĪ Ƨĭ ƈƀƄƉ ƈƀƃĬ Ƨ ųƊƕĪ IJĬñ .ĿŤŶñ ŦƼƇſĪ ŧűŶ ŁŴƆ ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉĪ ljĮ ƎſĪ ųƿ .ťſŵŶƦƉ ŧƢƐŨĪ ñ ĶűƉ Ƨĭ ĝŦŁŴƃŴŷūĥƼƇſĪ ťƤƌƢũƆĪ Ƣƀū ťƉ ƅſĥ .ųſƻĥ ŧƢƐũƉ ŦųƭĪ ò ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ñ .ťŷƀƤƉĪ ŧűŶ ŦƼƇſĪĭ ťƍƃĬ ĜųƆ ťƉĪñ ŧĪųŨ ŦƼƌǔŶĥ ŦŁŴƀŶ ųŨĪ ò ťƍſŵŶƦƉò Ƨ ƎƉ ƥƌĥ Ƨ Ļĥ Ŧųƭ Ƣƀū IJĬĭĪŴŷƇŨ .ĻŁŴƤƉ ťƍſŵŶƦƉĭ ĜƦŷƌĪ õ ťƄſĥ ƎƉĭ .ƎƀƙƇŶ ƥŶĭ õ űũƕ ĶűƊƿĭ .űƀƇſ ŦƦƆĭƦŨ ƎƉ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ .ťƀƌƢƐŨ ơƇƏ ħĭŁ õ ò ò ķŴƄƍƉĭ .ťƍƖźƇƠƣ ķŴƄƆ Ŧĭųƌ ťũŹ ŦųŨĥ ľŴƘĥĪ .ťƀƤƟ ťƄƣŴƘ ljĬ ƎƉ ò ķŴƄƆĭ Ƨĭ .ŴƠƏĥ ĭĽĿŁ ķŴƄƊƕĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆĭ ĜŴƠŨ õ ŦƦźƀƣò IJƦũƤŷƉ ĭĬñ ĝŦŁŴƕǓ ƥſĿ ťŷƀƤƊŨ ķĭƦƌĥ ƎƀƉĪƦƉ űƃ .IJŁĭƢũƣĭ IJŁĭĿŴƕĮ ķŴƠŶĪŁ

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ò ƁƤſǓ ƎſĪ űƃ .ŦĭĬ ơŶĪ ò .ķŴƄſƻĥ ljĬĪ ljųƃ ñ Ƨ ƎƀŨƢƟƦƉ (73) űƃ ťƀíƇźƆĪ ò ķŴŨƢƟŁĪĭ ĸĭƢƘ ƈƃ ƎƉ ò ťŷŨĪ IJĬĭƻĥ ƎſĪ ljĬ .ķĭƦƌĥ ƎƀūĬƦƉ ťƀƃĪ .ťƀƇƉƦƤƉ ťŶĭĿĪ ŦƦƕűƀŨĪ ŦƼƃĪ ťƤƙƌ ĜƥƌƢŨŁĥ ķƦƇźƉĪ ĭĬĪñ ťŷŨĪ ŧĿĭŤƏ ťƤſűƟ ŁŴƆ .ĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏĪ ŦƼƉűƟ ŦŁƢūĥ ƦƊƇƣ Ė ĖťƃƢſƢźƘ

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ò ťƃƢſƢźƘĭ ťƘŴƠƐƀƘĥĪ ťƤſĿ ŧĿĭŤƏ ljƦŨŴŹĭ ťƤſűƟĪ ŦŁƢūĥĪ ťƊŷƘĖ ò ŦƼƇſĪ ƈźƉ ĵŤƣĪ ñ ĝĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏ ťƙƄƌ ŁŴƆ ĜťƀƄƀźƌĥĪ ò ò ƈźƉĭ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉĭ ĖťƀƟĭǔƘ ťƤŶ ƅſĥ ƻƨƀƇƉ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ƼƊƀƏŁŁĥĪ ŦŁűŶĭĥ ơƙƌŁĪ ƦŨĽĪ ĴŁŴƙƄƍƆ Ʀŷũƣ Ƌƕ ĜťƐƙƉ ťƖũƌĪ IJĬñ ĜŦƦŷũƌ ŦƦƇƉ ĻĥĪ ĵŴźƉ .Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶűŨĭ ŧűŶ Ʀƌĥ ťƖŨñ ķĥĪ .ťƍƃĬ ŧƢƉĥ űƃ .Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ťƍƀƟĭŤŨ ŦƦƖŨ ŧƢƀƏĥ ŦĭĬŁĪ IJĬñ ò .ƢƊƕ IJŁŴƆĭ ƁƖŨ ñ ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆ ƎſĪ ƧƦƉĭ ƑƙźƉ űƃ ĜƻŤƍƙƇƉ ŦƼƉ õ õ ñ ñ IJĬ ŦŁŴƄƀƄƊŨ ĝƁƆ ťſŁĥ ƅŨ ƢƉĪŁĥĭ .ťƀƖŹ ťƐƐƃƦƉ ƧĪ ƎſĪ ŦŁĭĪƢƉ .ƢƉĥĭ ò ųƆ űƃ ųƆ ƗƊƤƊƆ Ƣƀū ƻĥ .ŦƦƊƄŶ ƅƆ ŧĪųƐƉĪ ñ ƧƦƊíƆ ĜƢƉĥĪ ò ò ò ĜťƄƣŴƘ ķĭƢƤƌĪ õ ƎſĪ ljųƄƆĭ .ŦƦƊƄŶ ťƀūĬƦƉ ťƄƀƄƉĪ ƎſĪ ťƉŴƙŨ ò IJĬñ ƎƉ ťũŹĪ IJĬñ ķŴƣƢƙƌĪĭ .ŦƼíƇū Ƨ ĴĭűŨ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ķŴƣƢƙƌĭ ñ ťƀƏŴƊƌ ťŨǁ ĜťũŹ ƧĪ ƋƇƖƆĪ ťƏŴƊƌ .ťƍƃĬ ķĭĬŁŴƆ ƢƉĥñ űƃ űƠƘ ò ò ƼŨ ķŴƣƢƘŁĪ .ķŴƃƦŨǔƤƆ (74) ƎƀƃĪĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƼŨĭ ĝŦŤƊźƆ ťƤſűƟ ò ò ƎƀƇſĥ ĝťƏŴƊƌ ķĭųƿ ƈſĥƢƐſĥ ƁƍũƆ ķŴƙƆŁĭ .ƎƀƃĪ ƧĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƼũƆ .ķĭĬŁŴƆ ťſƢƉ džƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ űƀŨ ƧĥŴƣ ŁŴƆ ƎƍŶ ĻĥĪ ľĪĮĪĭ ĝƦƆŤƣ Ƣƀƙƣ ƈƀƃĬ Ʀƌĥ ĻĥĪ ò ò ƎſƢŨƦƐƉ ŴLjƉƦƊƆ ƁƠƐƕĭ ťſĿĭĥƦƆ ƁƠƐƕĪ ƎſĪ ƈźƉ .ƦƕűſŁĥ ò ò ñ ĭĬñ ŁŴƆ ljĥ ĿŤŶ űƃ ĝťźƊūĭĪĪ ŦƦƇƉĭ ŦƦƕűſĪ ŦƦƇƉ ħųſĪ ƨƃŴƏ ñ ĶűƉ ĭĬñ ƧĥŴƣ ŁŴƆ ħĭǁĥ .ŦƦƊƄŶĪ Ƣƀū ħĭŁ .ƁƇſĪ ŦŁŴƍƃĿűƉ ŁŴƆ ŦŁĥĪ ò ŦƦƇƉ ťƊūƦƘ ƁƌŴƘ ťſƢƉ ƎƉĭ ĜťũƆĪ ťƍƀŨĽ ťƤƌƢũƆ ĜŧƢƉĥñ ƧƦƉĪ .ťƍƤƆĪ ò ƎƍƉ ŴƆ .ŧĪŴƌ ťŷƀƤƉ űŶ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦƼƇſĪĪ IJĬĪñ ƈƀƃĬ ĺĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ħǁĪ õ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƠƆ Ƣƀū ƎƍſĪųƕ .ŦĭĬŁ Ƨ .ťƠƐƘƦƉ ƻĥŁűŶ ƎƍƉ ƢƉĥƦƉ űŶĭ Ƣƀū ƎƘĥ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƎƀƆĬ ĸŴƐƍƟŴƏ ŁŴƆĪ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŧƢŨƦƐƉĪ ƅſĥ ĝŧĪĬ ƈźƉ ƅƀũŶ Ƨ .ƥƌƢũƉĭ ƢƐũƉĪ ŦųƭĪ ĬƢŨ ťſűƀŷſ ñ ŧƢƐŨĪ ĭĬñ Ƨĭ Ƨĥ .ŦƦƇƉĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢƐŨĪ ťƍƀƄƆ Ɓƍƣñ Ƨĭ .ķŴƌųíƆ ñ .ųƇſĪ ĭųíƆ ƅſĥ ĝljĿƦƉĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ĿǂƉ ķĭųƍƉ űŶ ƈƃ ťƍƀƄŨĪ IJĬñ ŦƼƇſűŨ űƃ Ƨĥ űŶ ĜŦƼƌƢƉĥƦƉ Ƨĭ ŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ .ťƣĬ ƎƍƉ ƦŨųſŁĥĪ ŦƦƇƉ

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ñ ƅſĥ ĶƢŨ .ŧƢŨĪ ƎƆ ƻŴŶ ťƍƀƃ űŶ űƃĪ ƈƀƃĬ ťƠŨŁĥ ĖƢƐũƉĪ ŁƢƉĥĪ õ ťƍƀƃ IJĬñ ŦƼƇſűŨ ķĭųƍƉ űŶ ƈƃĪ ƢƉĥñ ĝƢƐũƉĪ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƙƇƉ IJĪĭĥ .ƈƃƦƐƉĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ĿǂƉ ťƍƀƄŨĪ õ ñ ŁŴƆĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ħĭŁ ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ ĜťƍƀƄŨĪ IJĬñ ŦƼƇſĪ ųſƻĥ ƎſĪ ťƍƉ ñ ñ ĸĭĿĭűſĪ űƇſŁĥĪ ŧƢŬƘĪ ƈƀƃĬ ĺűƌ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ħǁ űƃ ĿųƍƉ ŁŴƆ ŦƼƍƀƃ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨ ĭĬõ űƃ ŴſĭĬ ŴƆ ƎƘĥ ĜƋŷƆ ƼŨ (75) .ŧƢŨĪ ƎƉ Ƣźƒ ƎſƢŶĥ ƥƌĥĪ Ƨĭ .ŦĭĬõ ųƇſĪ ĶƢŨ Ƨĥ ĜťŨĥĭ Ŧųƭ ƎƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƎſĪ ŦƼƌǔŶĥ ĿƦŨĭ ĖƢƐŨŁĥĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƈƃƦƐƌ õ ťſƢƉĭ ťŷƀƤƉĭ ŧƢŨ ƎſĪ űŶ ĜƎƍſƢƉĥ ƎƍŶ ĻĥĪ ƈźƉ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƎƀƆĬĭ ƚƏŴƉ ơƙƌñ ŧĪĬ IJĬõ űƃ ŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƆ ĝŧƢƐŨ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƍƀƃ ƁƌƢŶĥ ĜŦŁŴƀƇſĪĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƅſĥĪ ĻĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ťƟĪƦƐƉ ƧĪ ŦŁŴſűŷŨ ŦĭĬõ ųƇſĪ ĶƢŨ .ťŨĥĭ Ŧųƭ ƎƉ įŴƣĪ ťſƢƟ űƃ .ƢƐũŨ ųƉƦƤƌ ĶĬƢŨĥĪ ťƕĿĮ ĜťŨĥĭ ŦųƭĪ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ŸƌĪĪ õ ŦƦƇƉ ñ ĶűƉ Ƨĭ ťƙŬƐƉĭ .ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉ ŧĪųƆ ųƆ ťƉ ĭĬñ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦĭųƌĪ IJųíƆ .ťƤƌĥĪ ĬƢŨ Ļĥ ŧĿƢƤŨ ŦĭĬõ ĜťƍƀƄŨ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƣƀū Ŧųƭ űƃ .IJĬĭƻĥĪ ƧĪ ĭĬñ ĭĬõ Ƨĥ .ťƊƣ ƈūĪ Ƨĭ ťƍƘĥĮ Ƨ ĜťŨĥĭ ŦųƭĪ ŧƢŨ IJĬĭƻĥĭ ljĿƦƉ ŧƢƐŨ ƧĪ ŴƆĪ ĭĬõ ƎƘĥ ĜųƍƉ űƀƇſ ƻŤƍƠƤƘƦƉ Ƨĭ ƻŤƍLjƉƦƉ ĖŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ò ĭŁĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ťƍƀƃ ŁŴƀƌƢŶĥĪ ĜĴŁŴƙƄƍƆ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƦƕűſŁDŽƀƃĬ ƦƉűƟñ ñ .ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ ƅſĥĪ ĭĬñ ťƙƇŶŴƣĭ Ĝųſƻĥ ŦƼƇſĪ ĜŦŁŴſűŷƆ ŧűŷƃĥ ƎſĪ ljĬ ťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ƎƉñ ljĬĭ .ŧűƀũƕ ƎſĪ ljĬ Ĝŧűƀũƕ Ƨ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƣƀū ljĬ ljĬ űƃ ĶƢŨ .ŦƦƤŬŨ ƈƙƌñ ƎſĪ ljĬ ĜŦƦƤū ƧĪ ƎƉñ ljĬĭ .ťƍſŵŶƦƉ ò ŦƦƇƉ ĜŦŴƠƉ ƨũƆŴŨ ƧĪ ĝťŷƀƤƉ űŶ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ŦŁŴƀƇſĪĭ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ťƀŶĪ ò ò ŧűƀƊíƆŁ ò ťſŵŶò ĭĭĬõ Ŧƻųƭ ƁLjƊƉ ķŴƌĬĪĭ õ .ƥƤūŁĥĭ IJŵŶŁĥĪĭ ƢƉĥƦƉ ò ťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ťƍƀƃ ƎƉ ƁƍƣĪ ñ ŴƆ .ťƀƇŬƌĭĥ ťŨǁ ƢƉĥñ ĝŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƤƊƤƉĭ ñ űƀŶŁĥĪ Ƨĥ .ťƀƌƢƐŨ Ƨĭ .ŦƦƤŬŨ Ƣƙƃñ ƧĪĭ ťƀƤƟ ťƊƣŴūĭ ĝŦŵŶƦƉĪ ĭųíƆ ò ťźƐƀƐƌŴƏĪ ŦŁŴƀźƣ ĝŦŁŴƍƊſĬĪ ŦŁƻƦŶ ŦƻĪĭŁ ŧĪĬ ƈƕ ƈƀƃĬ Ƨ (76) ĝƎƍſĭĬñ ťƙƀƇſò Ƨ ŧűŷƃĥ űŶ Ļĥ ĝķŴƌĬĪñ ljĭĬ Ƨ ƅſĥ Ƣƀū ŴƆ .ħĭǁŁ .ŧƢƉĥƦƉĪ IJĬñ ĝƎƍƀƠŶĪ ñ ŦǂƐƆ ŦǂƐŨĭ ĝƎƍŶ ƎƀƏŤƉ ŦƦƤƀũƆ ŦƦƤƀũŨĭ

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ƈźƉ .ŧĿƢƣĪ ŦŁĭƢƀŷŨĭ ŦŁĭƻƦŶ ťƀƖŨ ŧĪĬĪ ĜƦƌĥ ĺűſñ ƻĭĬõ ƻŤƀƇū Ƨĥ ŦƼƍƇũƠƉ .ŦŁŁŴƀƉ ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ŦŁŴƀŶ ĜIJĬĭƻĥĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƌƢŨ ĻĥĪ ñ ŦŁŴƀŶ ųíƆŴƃ .ťƉŴƍƟĭ ťƍƀƃ ĭĬ űŶ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ƈźƉ .ŦƦƕűſĪĭ ljĭĬĪ ñ ťƍƉ ƎƍŶ Ǝƀƕűſ ƧĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ Ƨĭ ĜŦƦƇƀƇƉ ŦųƉƦƤƉ ųíƿĭ ŦŁŁŴƀƉ ŧƢƉĥƦƉ ųƍƉĪ ťũƃĭƢƆ ťŬƇƙƉ ĝĺűƌ ŧĪĬĪ IJĬñ ŴƆ Ƨĥ .ƨƀƇƉ ƎſĪ ťƍƉ ĝŦŁŴƀƉ ƎƉñ ťſĿĭĥŁ ƈƕ Ļĥ ĝĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟ ƢƉĥñ Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬ .ŦŁŴƀŶ ŧűŶ ťƊƀƟƦƉ ñ ķĭƨƙƠŨ ƻĥƦƍƕ ĵűƕŁĥĪ ĸĭĥĿűƌĥ ŁŴƆ ťŶĭƢŨ ơƙƌñ űƃ ĝƈſĥŴƍƊƕĪ ŀűūŁ ķĥ ĺűƌĪ IJĬñ ĝťƉŴƉ ƈƃĪ ƎſĪ IJĬ ŦƦƍƉ ƧĪ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ŦƦƆŁĪ ĝįŴƣ õ ťŨĥĭ Ŧųƭ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ŦƦƇƉ ƎƉ ƢũƆ ĝŧƢƐŨ ųƇſĪ ťƍƀƄŨ ĭĬ ljƢŶĥĪ ŭƇƙƌĪ ĝƎƀƆĬ ĺűƌĪ IJĬñ ŴƆ Ƨĥ .ųƍƀƃĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƅſĥ ťſűƀŷſ ħĭŁ ƎſĪ ljƢŶĥ ò ñ Ėųſƻĥ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ťƍƀƃ ò ñ ñ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ĜƨƀƇƉ ťƍƀƃĪ Ĝųſƻĥ ƪƀƭĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ĝĴŁŴƙƄƌ ĺĪŁ ƎſĪ IJĬĪĭ Ƨĥ ĜĪŴŷƇŨ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ŴƆĭ .ťƍƤūĿƦƉ ĵŴƃ ŁŴƆ ƈƄŨ ųŨ ƻĥ ñ ųŨĭ ñ .ťƍƀƃĪ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨ Ļĥ ŧĪűŶò ƎƉ ƎƀƆĬ Ƣƀū ƎƀƠƀŶĿ .ťƍƣĿŴƘĭ IJųŨ Ƌƕĭ ƎƀƠƀŶĿ ŧĪűŶò ƎƉ ťƠŶĭƢŨ ƻŤƣƢƙƉĭ .ĴĭűŨ (77) ťƠŶĭƢŨ ƎƀƊƀƠƉĪ ƨƀƇƉ ťƍƀƃ ƎƉĪ ƎſĪ IJƦƉĥ .ŦŁŴƠƀŶĿĭ ƈƄŨĪ ťƣĿŴƘ Ļĥ Ǝſűƃ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ŦŁŴſűŷŨĪ ŧűŶ ƅſĥĪ ťſŁŤƊŨ ĝƨƉƦƤƉ ĶűƉ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶ ĝťƍƤūĿƦƉ ĭĬñ ƎƉĭ ĝŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤŨĪ ƅſĥĪ ĭĬñ ĝűŷƆ ĭŁĥ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƎƉñ ťƙƇŶŴƣ .ŦƼƍƀƃ ƈźƉ ĜťŬƆŴƘ ƎſĪ ƋſĿŁŁĥ .ƅƕĪ ƧĪ ƎƍſŵŶñ ĝŦŁŴſűŶĪ ƨũƆŴŨ Ƨ ƈźƉ ò ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĝƎƀƊƀƠƉ ŦŁŴƍƊŨĭ ķĭųƆĭ ķĭųƍƉ ŴƆĪ .ƎƀƇƊƤƉ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ ťƉŴƍƟ ƎſĪ űŶ .ƎƀƙƇŷƤƉ ŴƆ ĜŦŁŴƤƌĥĭ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ťƠŨƦƌĭ ĜƈſĥŴƍƊƕĪ ťſĿĭĥŁ ŁŴƆĭ .ŧĪĬ ƢũƖƌ ƎſűƉ ƎſĪ űƃ .ƎƀƣƢƙƉĭ ŧĪűŶò ƎƉ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀƠƀŶĿĭ Ƨĥ ĜťƙƇŷƤƉ ƈƄŨ ĪŴŷƇŨ ò ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ħĭŁ ĜťſĪĭŁƦƉ ƎſųſŁǓŁ ƎƉĪ ŦŁŴſűŶ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ƁƆ IJŵŶĭ .ťŬƆŴƘ űſƢŹ ťƉŴƍƠŨĪ IJĬñ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƤƀƍƄŨ ĝƅƀƕĪ Ƨ ĜťŷƀƤƉ űŶ ò ƈũƟŴƆĪ ƎſǓŁĪ ťƐƉŴźŨ ĜĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƊƀƄŶ ƚƇƉñ ƻĥƢſųƌ ŧĪĬĪ ťƘĪŴū Ĝljĥ Ļĥ ljĥ ħųſñ ŦŁĭųƭĪĭ Ƣƀū ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎſŵŶƦƉò Ƣƀū ŦƼƌǔŶĥ .ťƣĿŴƘ ĭĥ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦŤƀŬƏ ťƙƇŶŴƣĪ

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ò ĶűƊŨ ƨƘĥĪĭ .Ǝſųſƻĥ ƎƄſĥĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƇƉ ƅſĥ ĝųƉƦƣĥĪ ò ƎƀƉĪ űƃ .ŧĪűŷíƆ .ťƙƇŶŴƤƆ ƎƉñ ťƀƖŹ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶĪ ŦƦƇƉ ĜťŷƀƤƊŨĪ ŦĮĥĿ ŦƦƕƞƊƆ ƎſĪ ƎƆ ŦŁĥ ò ťū ŵƊƉ ĭĥ ŧĪűŶò Ƌƕ ťƄũŶ űƃ ŴƆ .ťŬƆŴƙƆ ƎſĪ ťƠƙƉ űƃ Ƨĥ .ťƍƀƃ ƈƃƦƐƉ õ ŧƢŨ ťƍƃĬ Ļĥ ħĭŁ űŶ ĜŦųƭĪ ŦƦƇƉ ĻŁĭƦƣĥ ťƉĪĭ ŧƢƐũƆ òťƍƀƃĪ (78) ŦŁŴƍſĿƦŨ ƻƧŴƕ ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ƥƌĥ ŭƇƙƌ ƎſĪ ķĥ ĖųƉƦƤƉĭ ò ťƙƇŶŴƣ Ƌƕ ĜŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ .ťŬƆŴƘ Ļĥ ŧűŷƃĥ İĬĪñ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ųŨ ħĭŁ ŧĪĬĭ .ťƍƀƄƆ ƻŤƊŷƆ ŦƼƇſĪò ƎŬƇƘƦƉò ĶűƉ ƈƄŨĭ Ļĥ ƢƉĥõ ŦƼƌǔŶĥ ĿƦŨĪ ĜĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƊƀƄŶ ƻŤƌƦƕĭűſ ơƙƌ ťƐƉŴźŨ ŦĭĬõ ťƍƤƤūƦƉĭ Ƨĥ .IJĬĭƻĥ ŦƦƤū ƧĪ Ŧųƭ ŦĬĭ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƎƀƆĬ űƀŨ ťƍſŵŶƦƉĭ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƨĥ .ťƍƀƄŨ ťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ .ĬƢƐŨ űƀŨĪ ƅſĥ ŦƦƇƉ .ŧĿƢƤƆ Ʀƌĥ ƗƍŹ ƞƉ ĜljĮ ĵŴƄŨ ƎƆ Ʀƌĥ ŀƢƙƉñ űƃ ħĭŁ ƎſĪ Ʀƌĥ .ŧƢŬƘ ò ñ ƅſĥ ƎſĪ Ʀƌĥ űƀŷƉ ĜƦƌĥ ŀƢƙƉñ ƎƉñ ťƍƀƄƆĪ ķĥ Ƨĥ .ŦŁűŬƏ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥĪ ò ò .ƻŤƍƀƃ ķĭųƍƉ űŶ ƈƃĪ ŦƼƇſĪò Ļĥ ķĭųƊƕ ƎƆĮĥ ĜťƍƀƄƆ Ʀƌĥ ŀƢƙƉñ .ƎſĪĭŁƦƉ ƈƀƃĬ ƎſǓŁ .ƈƄŨ ťƙƇŶŴƣĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƎſĪ ťŹĬĿ ñ ųſƻĥ ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ ĜƻŤƀƇū ƦƊƀƟŁĥ ƋƀƏŁŁĥĪ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ĜƎſųſƻĥ ƎƄſĥĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƇƉ ƅſĥĪ ĜťƍƙƇƉ Ƣƀū ƢƉĥõ .IJĬĭƻĥ ƎƄſĥĪ ŦƦƇƉ ò ƧĪĭ .ųƉƦƣĥĪ ò ƎƀƉĪ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƍſĪŴƉ .ĶűƊŨ ŧĪűŷíƆ ñ ƎƀƆĬ ƎſŵŶƦƉò ŦƼƌǔŶĥ ò ò ŦŁŴƀƌƢŶĥĭ ŦŁŴƀƇſĪĭ ťƙƇŶŴƣĭ ŦųƊƣ Ƣƀū ƈźƉ .ťŷƀƤƉ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ò IJĬñ ŴƆĭ ĜŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ ƅſĥĪ IJĬñ ƎſĪ ŦƼƇſĪ .ƎƍſƢŶƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴƍƊŨĪ ñ ñ ñ ťƤſűƟ Ƣƀū ħǁñ .ųſƻĥ ŦĭĬŁ ƎſųƍƉ ŧűŶ ƈƃ ųíƆĭ ųƍƉĭ ĝƋƀƟŁŁ ñ ĜťƊūƦƘ ƁƌŴƘĭ ƧĥŴƣĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ Ļĥ ťŷƀƤƉ ĭĬ űŶĪ ĭųŨ ŦŁŴƀƇſĪ ŁŴƀƌƢŶƧ ĝŁƢƉĥĪ ƅſĥ ŭƇƙƌĪ ƈƀƃĬ ľĪñ Į Ƨ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƎƀƆĬ ŧűŷƃĥ ƻĥƢſƻ ŦƼƌĪ ƎſĪ Ƨĭñ .ŦƦƍƊŨĭ ŧĪűŶò ƎƉ ƎƀƠƀŶĿ ķĭĭųƌĪ IJĬĪñ ĖƎƍŶŴſĪ ųƇƟ ŁƢŨ ƅſĥ ĜŧƢƐŨ ŦƦƇƉ Ƣƀū ŦĭĬõ .ťƠƤƘƦƉ ƧĪ ŦŁŴſűŷƆ ŭƇƙƌĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ .ŦĭĬŁ ĶĭƦƉ Ƨ .ťƙƇŶŴƣ ŧĪŴƌĪ Ƣƀū ƎƍſƢƙƃ Ƨ (79) ò ŦŁŴƍſĿƦŨ ĜŭƇƘƦƉĪ Ƣƀū ĭųƌĥ õ .ƎƍƀƟƢƕ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ťŷƀƤƉ űŷƆ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ƎƉ űŷƿĪ ŦƼƇſĪò Ļĥ ųƊƕ ƎŬƇƘƦƉò ŧűŷƃĥ ķĭųƍƉ űŷǀƆ ťƙƠƌĭ .ťƍƀƃ ñ ƎƉĪ IJĬñ ųƀƇƉŴƣ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĝťſĪĭŁƦƉ ŦƼƉŴƍƟ ŦŁŴſűŶ ƎſĪ űƃ .ųƇſĪ IJĬñ

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ĭĬñ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ĝťƉŴƍƟ űŶ ĝťƘĭĽƢƘ űŶ .ťŷƀƤƉ űŶ IJĬĭƻĥ ƻŤƄƀũŶ Ƨ ƎſǓŁ ò .ĺűſƦƉ ŦƦƇƉ ŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪò űƀŨ .ƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ųƇſĪ ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ŦƼƇſĪĭ ò ŦƼƇſĪò ò ŦƦƇƉĪ ħĭŁ ŦƼƇſĪĭ ò .ŦƦƇƉĪ ŦŁĭųƭĪ Ǝſĭųƌ ŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪĭ ò Ƨĭ ťƍƤƤūƦƉĭ .ŦŵŶƦƉ ƎƀƆĬĭ ƎƀƆĬ űƀŨĪ ĝŦĭųƌ ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬĭ õ ĜƎſĪĭŁƦƌ ŴƆĭ .ťƍŨĮò ĶűƟ ƎƉĪĭ ŦĭĬõ ťƍŨŵŨĪĭ .ťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨĭ ťƍſŵŶƦƉĭ .ťƍƤƤūƦƉ .ħĭǂƌ ƻŤŬƇƙƉ ťƍƀƃ ƈƃĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ťƊƀƄŶĪ ŦƦƊſƢūĭ ŦŁƢſųƌ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ƻĥƢſųƌ ƎſĪĿŁĭ ħĭŁ ƎƀƙƆŁ ƎƀƆĬĭ ò ƈũƟŴƆĪ ŦƦƆŁĪ ťƐƉŴźŨ Ƣƀū ħǁñ .ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ƑſĿŴźƐƌĪ ťƘĪŴū õ ò ĬƢŨ ťƀƊƣ ƎƉ ƦŷƌĪ õ ƢƉĥĪ õ ĝƨƊŨ ƈƀƃĬ ƈū űƉñ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ƎƉ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ .ŧĿƢƣ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƣƀū ĭĬõ .ŦĭĬŁ Ƨ .ĭĬõ ƎſĪ ŴƌĬ ĝťƤƌĥĪ ƎƉĭ ŦƦƇƉ Ŧųƭ IJĬĭƻĥ űƃĪ .ƻŤƟĪĮ ƈƃƦƐƌ õ ųƤƙƌ ťƤƌĥĪ ĬƢŨ ƈƖƆ ƎƃĿƦŨĭ .ŧűũƕĪ ƦŷƌĪ õ ŦŁŴƉĪ ƈƠƣĭ õ õ ƢƉĥƦƉ ĜĵŴƃ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ťƀƏĭĥ ƅſĥĭ .ķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƌĥ ƢŨ ƅſĥ ƧDŽƀƄƉ ťƀǑƢƕ ŦƦƇƉ ƅſĥ ŴƆ ĜķŁŴƆ džƊƉ õ ƈźƉĪ ƎſĪ ťƉ (80) ƅſĥ .ųƆ űƀŶŁĥĪ ŧƢƐŨ Ƌƕ ĝĺűſƦƉ ĭűƃ ƎƉ űŶĪ ƎƉñ ƧĪ ťƍƀƃ ŪŹ űƃ ĝĬƢŬƘĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ǝſųƿ űũƕñ ųƇſĪ ĝťƟĿŴƐƆ ťſŤƘĪ IJĬñ ƎƉĪ IJĬñ ĜťƀƊƣ ƎƉĭ ĭĬõ IJĬĭƻDŽƖƆ ƎƉ űƃĭ ťƍƃĬ ĜIJĬĭƻĥ ĶŴƤū .ŦŁƦƌĥ ƎƉ ƎƊƕ ƢƐũŨ ŦĭĬõ ƎƘĥ .ťƤƌĥ ƢŨ ŦĭĬõ űƃĭ ħųſñ ħĭŁ ųƆ ĜŦŁDŽƖƆ õ ò ò ĜŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ħĭŁ ƎſĪ ŦƼƇſĪ .ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĜŦƦƇƉĪ ƎƉñ ŦƼƇſĪ ƈƀƃĬ IJĭĬò ĖťſƢƉĭ ŧƢŨĭ ťŷƀƤƉ ƈƃƦƐƉ õ ťƍƃĬ Ƣƀū űŶ .ŦƦƇƉĪ ųƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ò ñ ƎƍƀƉƢŷƉĪ ƈƀƃĬ IJƦƉĥ ĿƦŨ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ƎſǓŁ ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ƎſƢƉĥĪ ķŴƌųíƆ ò ò ƎƀƆĬĪ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉĭ ñ űƃ ŴƆ ĝŦƼƇſĪĭ ųƊƤƌ ĭĥ ƢƉŤƌĪ ŧĪųƆ ųíƆ ĝŦŁŴſűŶ ò ò ò ñ Ƨĥ .ŧĪĬ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ĝťƉƢŶ ƼŶŁ ƎƍƀƊƀƏ ĝŦƼƇſĪ ĭĥ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ĭĥ ťƍƀƃ IJųíƆ ò ò ƎſǓŁ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ƢƉŤƌĪ ķĭųƇſĪ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ƎƀƆĬ ķĭűŬƌ ƻŤƙƠƌĪĭ ĝƎƀƍƀƃ ò Ƌƕ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉĭ ƈƄŨĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ĝŦƼƇſĪĭ ò ƎƍŶ ƢƉŤƌ űƃĭ .ƎŬƇƘƦƉò ťƍƀƃ ò ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ Ƨ ĻĥĪ ŦĭĬ ñ Ǝƀƍƀƃ Ƨ ŧĪĬ Ƣƀū Ŵƭ .ƢƉŤƌ Ƨ űƃĭ õ ľĪĮ ĜŁĭĬ ųſƻĥ ò ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ ƎƍſƢƉĥ űƃ ƎſĪ ťƣĬ .ťƍƀƃĪ ťƊƣ ĭĬ ŦŤƊŹĪ ĭųƌĥ õ ĝƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ŧĪŴƌ ò Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶĭ ĝƻŤƍƙƇŶƦƤƉ Ƨ ƥƌƢŨŁĥĭ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ŦųƆƧ Ǝƍƀƕűſ űŶĭ ĝƎƀƍƀƃ ò ò Ĝƻĥƞƭ Ǝƍƀƕűſ ĜŁĭĬĪõ ƎƍƀƍƊſųƉ ŦƦƇũƇũƉ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ŦƼƇſĪĭ

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ťƙƇŶŴƤŨĪ ƅſĥĪ IJĬñ .ƎƍſųƊƤƉĭ ŦƼƇſĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ŧĪĬĭ ĜƈſĥŴƍƊƕ ò ŴƆĭ .ljĥ ŀŤƘ Ƨ ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮò ƢƉĥñ IJĬõ űƃ Ƣƀū IJĬĪõ .ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪƦƤƉĪ ò IJĬñ ò ƎƀƊƀƠƉ ųƆĭ (81) ųƍƉĪ ťƊſŴƠŨĭ ŦŁŴƍƊŨĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ .ťƍƀƃ ñ ŴƆĭ ĜķĭƢƉŤƌĪ ųſƻĥ ŦƼƌƢƉĥƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ŦŁŴƍſĿƦŨ ųƆ ƎƀƠƐƘĪ .ųƆ ƎƍſĪŴƉ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ űŶĪ ƎƀƇſĥ .ƎƇſĪ ò ò ò ò ĜƎƍƀŹĬĪ Ŧųƭ ƁƤƀũíƆ ŦŁųŨĥĪ ƨƟ ƦƍŨò ŁŴƆ űƃ ĜħĭŁ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ƈźƉĭ ò ñ Ŧƻųƭ ƎƀƆųŨ ťƊƀƄŶĭ ťŨĿ Ƣƀū ĭĬ .ŦƦƇƉ ťƣƢƙƉĪ ƎƍƀŷƄƤƉ ò ĭĬ ljƢŶĥĪ Ĝħǁ õ ĸŴƀƊƌĭDŽũƟŴƆĪ ťũƣŴŶ ƅƘĭĬĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĝĸŴƀƇƀƐŨ ñ ĭĬñ ƎƉ ƎƀƠƀŶĿ ƁŬƏ ƎƀƆĬĭ .űũƕŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ljƢŶĥĭ ĜŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ŦŁƢŶĥĭ űũƕĪ ñ Ƣƀū ĭĬñ .ŧĪűŶò .ƗſĮŁƦƉ ĶűƉ űũƖƌĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆĪ ĭĬñ ĜIJĬĭƻĥ űũƕĪ ĝťƍƀŨĽĪ ƢƉŤƌ ƥƌĥ ƅſĥ ťƘŤŶ ĭĬĭ õ ĝljűũƖƉ ťƕĭĮĪ ťƉ ƅſĥĪ IJĬñ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ñ įƦƉƦƉ ĶűƉ űũƖƌĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆĪ ĭĬñ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ .ƗſĮŁƦƉ ŧűŷƉĭ .ŵƉĿĭ ñ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ .ĭĬ ĶŴƍƟ ƧĪĭ Ĝűũƕĭ õ ƗſĮŁŁĥ ƻƨƀƇƟĭ .ƨƉƦƤƉĭ ŀŤƘñ ťŨĽĪ ò ò ò ƢƉĥñ ĸŴƀƊƌĭĥ ƧŴƕñ Ƣƀū űƃ .ƎƊƀƟĭ ƎƀƇƉƦƤƉ ljĬ ƎƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĜķűũƕƦƉĪ űƃ ƑſŴƀƇƀƐŨ ťƀƐŶ ĝŧƢŨ IJĬĭƻĥ ťŨĥĪ ŧűƇſ ŴƆĭ ĝűũƕƦƉĪ ƎƉñ ĭĬĪñ ĝŦĭĬ ò IJĬŴƿŴƏĪ ò ķĭųƍƉ ò ƧƦƙƉ ò ťƀƖƏĭ ò ųƆ ĵĮƢƖƉ ŦƦƇƀƇƉò ŦŁűſƞƊŨ ťƀƤƌĥ ñ ťƍƉ ĜĴƦƇƉ ƅſĥ ŧƢŨ IJĬĭƻĥ űũƕƦƉĪ ĭųƌĥ ĭĬñ ƦƌDŽƃƦƐƉ õ .ƢƉĥñ IJĬĭƻĥ ťŨĥ ƎƉ ŦƦƆŁĪ ƎſűƉ ĜƨƉƦƤƉ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ŧĿĥ .űũƕƦƉĪ .ljűũƖƉ ťƕĭĮ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ .ƈƃƦƐƉ ťŨĥ ƎƉñ űũƕĥĪ ĭĬñ ķĥ .ƎſǓŁĪ ŴƆĭ ñ Ƣƀū ľĪĮ .ťƍƃĬ ƎſĪ ƢƉĥñ .ťƕĭĮ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ťƀƇƉŴƣ ƎſĪ űũƕƦƉĪ ĭĬñ ųŨĪ ò ƋƀƐƌ ŦƦƇƊŨ ĭĬ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ (82) ŧƢŨ ķĥ ĖĸŴƀƇƀƐŨĖ ťƍƙƇƉĪ ƨƊíƆ Ƣƀū ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ĜĭĬõ IJĬĭƻĥ űũƕŁĥĪ ƎƉñ ĭĬñ Ƨĭ űũƕĥĪ ĭĬñ Ƨĭ ĜŧűƇſ ŴƆĭ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ Ƣƀū ŧűŶ Ƨĭ .ĶŴƍƟ ƧĪĭ Ƨĥ .ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƢũƆ ƎſƢŶĥ ĶűƉ űũƕĪ õ ĭĬñ .ťƀƕƞƉ ƧĪ ŴƆĭ ĜťŨĥ ƎƉ ĭĬ ŦƦƆŁĪ ĜűũƕŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ƎſĪ ķĥ .ŦƼƉŴƍƟ ĖűũƕŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ƎƃĬĭ ĜŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ƎƃĿƦŨĭ .ťƀƉűƟ Ƣƀū ñ ťƍƃĬ ƈƀƃĬ ŧĪĬ űƃ ŦŁƢŶĥĭ ĝűũƕĪ õ ĭĬñ ljƢŶĥĪ ĝƦƊƟ ŦƦƖſűſĥĭ ŁĿųƌŁĥ ñ ųſƻĥ ĶűƉ ŦƼƕƞƉĭ ĝűũƕŁŁĥĪ Ƽƃ ĭĥ ĜűũƕŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ljƢŶĥĭ ĝŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ñ űũƕĪ ŁŴƆĭ ƎƘĥ ĝűũƕŁĥĪ ĭĬĪĭ õ ĭĬĪñ ĝljűũƖƉ ĭĬñ ťƕĭĮ ƎſĪ ŴƌĬ ĜŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ

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ñ ñ ųſƻĥ ŦƼƕƞƉ IJĬĪñ ƨƀƆĪ ŴƆĭ ĝŧűũƕĪ ŦƼƍƀƇƊƤƉ ťŨƞƌĪ IJĬñ IJĬĭ õ Ŧųƭ ñ ƅſĥ ťƍƀƕ ƚƘƢŨĪ ƅſĥĭ ĝĶŤƟ ŦŵƉƢŨ ĶűƊƿĪ IJųŨ ñ ĝŸƄƤƌ ĜĸŴƆŴƘ ƢƉĥĪ ñ .ŦƦƇƊƆ ųſƼƌ ťƊƀƏ ťƊſűƟĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆ ķŁŴƃĥĪ ƈƀƃĬ ťƤƌƢŨĪ .Ǝŷũƌ ŧĪĬ ĝķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ŦƻŴŶŁ ƈƕ ĶűƟŴƆĭ ò ƎƀƆĬ ò ŦƼƍƤūǓƦƉ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĜŦƼƍƕűſƦƉ Ǝſųſƻĥ ƎƉñ ƎƀƆĬ ĜķűũƕƦƉĪ ĝűũƕƦƌĪ ľĪĮĪ ĶűƉ ƈźƉ ťƕĿƦƌĭ ŪƤŶƦƌĪ IJĬĪñ ljŵƃĥ .ŦƼƌǔŬƘĭ IJĬĭƻĥ űũƕŁƦƉĪ ĭĬñ ĜťũƣŴŶ ƋŶƦƌĭ ƋƀƠƌĭ ĝŦƼƕĿƦŨ ĶŴƣƢƌĭ ƨƊƤƌĭ IJĬñ ĝťƙƭ ĭĥ ŦƼŨ ĭĥ ĜĪƦƖñ ƌ ŦƦƍſűƉĪ Ƨĭñ ťƍƄſĥĪ ƋƀƐƌĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ .ťƍƕűſƦƉ ƎƉñ űŶĭ ĜŦƼƍƊƣŴūĭ ŦƼƍƤūĿƦƉ ĝťƙƭ ĺŴũƠƌ ĭĥ ĝŦƼŨ ťƍũƌĪ ƎſĪ ťƕĭĮ Ƣƀū űŶ .ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ŧűŶĭ ĜŧƢŬƘĭ ťƤƙƌ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ĝűũƖƉĪ ĭĬñ ťƤƌƢŨ ñ ķűũƕŁƦƉò ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ .ťŨƞƌĪ IJĬĪñ ųíƇſĪ ťƘŤŶ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĭĬñ ĝljűũƖƉ ĭĬñ ò .ŦƼƍƊƣŴūĭ ŦƼƍƤūĿƦƉ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .ŦƼƍƕűſƦƉ Ƣƀū ƎƉñ ŧĪĬ ŦƦƙƇŷƤƉ ƎſĪ ŴƌĬ ĝűũƖƉĪñ ĭĬñ ƎƉñ ĭĬ űŶĪ .ŦŵŷƊƆ (83) ƻDŽſĥŴƍƊƕ ƈƕ Ļĥ ťƍƃĬ .ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĭĬñ ljűũƖƉĭ ťƕĭĮ űŶĭ .ƢƐũƉĪ ŦųƭĪ ŦƦƇƉ ĭĬõ ò ƎſĪ ŴƌĬ .ķűũƕƦƉĪ ò ƎƀƆĬ ƎſĪ ƎƙƇŷƤƉ ò .ƎƄſĥ ƅſĥĪ .ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ƎƉĪ ťƀƇƉŴƣ ñ ķŴƌųíƆĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .IJĬ ŦƼƤƌĥ ĝľĭŵŷƌĭ ƅƆųƌ ťƕĿDŽƕ ƻŤƌƢŬƘĪ IJĬñ ƎſĪ ƎƀŷūƢūƦƉ ĝŴŷƤŶƦƊƆ ƎƀŷƄƤƉ Ƨ ŦƦƏǔƙŨĭ ĝƨūǔŨ ƎſƢƀŬŶĪ Ƨĥ .ŦųƆƧ ťſŤƘ ƈƃ ƎƉ Ƣſƻ ĜķŴŹĬƢƌĪ ĪŴƠƙƌĭ ƋƀƠƌ ĝťƤŶĿ ƅſĥ ƎƀƙƣĿĪ ñ ŧĪĬĪ ĝljűũƖƉ ťƕĭĮ ųſƻĥĪ IJĬñ ĝĬŁŴƌűũƖƉ ŧűŶĭ ĜƢƐŨŁĥĪ ŦƦƇƉ ĭĬ űŶ ò ò ƈźƉ ŴƆĭ .űũƕĥ IJĬĭ ñ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ƎſǓŁ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ ĝűũƕŁĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƙƇŷƤƉĪ ƢƖƏ õ ƥƌƢŨŁĥĪ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉ ƎƌƢƉĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ Ƣƀū űŶ .ƎƍſƢƉĥ ƎſűũƖƉĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ƎƀƆĬ Ƨĭ ťƍƃĬ ĝŧƢƐŨ ƎƉ ŦƦƇƉ ŭƇƙƉñ ƥƌĥ ƧĪ ťƍƄſĥĭ .ƎſųſŁǓŁ ò ĻĥĪ ƈźƉ .ťŷƄƤƉ ŀƢƙƌ ĭĥ ŭƇƙƌ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ò Ǝƍƀƕűſ ƨƟò ƦƍŨĪ ò ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ .ŦųƆƧ ƻŤƘ Ǝſųſƻĥ Ƣƀū ƎƀƌĬñ .ťƙƇŶŴƣò ŦƦƇƉ ƎſĪ űŶ .ŦƼƤƌĥ ñ űƃ ųŨĪ ñ ĜƨƟò ƦƍŨò Ƣƀū ƻĥ .džƊƉ ƎƀƆĬĭ ƎƀƌĬñ ĻĥĪ .ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ųŨ ò ķƢƉ űŶĪ IJĬñ ƅſĥ .ŦŁŴƤƌĥĭ ƈſĥŴƍƊƕĪ ŧűŶ ƅſĥ ŦŁĭųƭ ŁŴſŤƘ ƎƕĪŴƤƉ ò IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĭĬñ .ƢƐũŨĪ ťŷƀƤƉ ķĭųƍƉĭ ĝĶűƉ ƈƃ IJĬĭűſŤŨĪ ĝťŷƀƤƉ ĺŴƤſ ŭƇƙƌĪ įƢƊƉ ƥƌĥ Ɓƍƣñ ķĥ Ƨĭ ƎƀƆųƆĭ .ƋƇƖƆ ťƃƢũƉ ƈƃ ƈƕĪ Ŧųƭ

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ƎƉĭ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĜƻŤƍŬƇƘƦƉ Ƨ ƎƊƀƠƉ ųƆ űƃ ųƆĪ .ŀƢƙƌñ ĭĥ ƎſǓƦƆ ťŷƀƤƉ ųƆ űƃ ųƆ ħĭŁĭ .ťƃƢũƉ ƋƇƖƆ Ŧųƭĭ .ƢƐũŨ ƈſĥƢƐſĥ űƃ ųƆĭ .ŦŁŴŷƀƤƉĪ ljƢƕŴƏ ƋŷíƆ ñ Ƣƀū ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƊƆ .ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ƈźƉ ò ò ò ųƆ Ļĥ ĜƨƟ ƦƍŨ ƎƀƆųƆ ƎſĪ ťƍƉĪ (84) .ťſĭĬ ŁŴƆ ŦŁĥõ ĶűƊƿ IJĬĭűſŤŨĪ ñ űƃ ųŨĪ ñ IJĬñ ƈƕ ƢƉĥõ ƎƟĭƢƘĪ IJĬñ ĝŦŁŴƤƌĥĭ ťſŴŷƉ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁŴſŤƘ ųŨ ĜŦųƆƧ Ƣƀū ƎƉñ ƻŤƘ .IJĬŴſƢƀƕĥĪ ljǃĮĥñ Ƨĥ .ƅƉĪõ ƎƊŶĿ ĿŵƖƆ .ĿŵƖƆĪ ŦŁŴƉ ò ñ ƢƉŤƌ ĝťƊƣŴŬŨ IJƢƏĭ ħĪĭ ŦƼƊŨ ŦĭĬ ťƍƉƦƉ ƎƀƉŴſò ťƖŨĿĥĪ ĭųíƆ ŧƢũƏ ƈźƉ ĝŦƦƍƤƆ ŦŁŴƉ ŧĿƢƤŨ ĴŴƘųƌĭ .ƅƀƉĪĪ ĭĬñ ƅſĥ ƋƀƠƉĪ Ƣƀū ŦĭĬ ŸƄƤƉ .ųƆ ljĥ ƢƀƖƉĭ ljǃĮĥñĪ ƢƉŤƌĪ IJĬñ ƎſĪ ŦƼƤƌĥ .ŦƦƊƀƟĪ ƧĪ ƋƀƠƉ űƃ .ƎſųſŁǓŁ ŻƇŶ õ Ƨĥ .ŧĪĬ űũƖƌ ơƀŶĿ űƃ ĻĥĪ Ŧųƭ ƅſĥ Ƨ ķƦƇźƉĪ ĭĬñ .ŦƦƇƉĭ ŧƢŨ ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬĭ õ űŶ ĭĬñ .IJĬĭƻĥ ťƍŬƇƘƦƉ ťƍƃĬ .džƉ ƻŤƤƌĥĭ ƻĥųƭ ŁŴſŤƘĪ ĭĬñ .ťƤƌƢŨ ŦĭĬõ ƻŤƍƙƇŶƦƤƉ ò ŧűŷƃĥ Ŧųƭ ŁŴſŤƘĪ IJĬñ ĝťźƇŷƉĪ Ŧŵŷƌ ŦŁŤƀŬƏĪ ƻĥ űũƕŁĥĪ ƎƀƆųŨĭ ñ Ƣƀū ťƍƀƃĪ .ŭƇƙƌ ƥƌĥ ťƍƄſĥ ƅƆųƌ ŦŁŴũƀŹĿ ƈƕĪ Ƣƀū IJĬñ .ŦƼƤƌĥĭ IJĬñ ťſųƭ ťƍƀƄƆ ƎſĪ ŦƻƼŨ Ƨ .ťƊſ ƈƕ İĬƢƌĪ IJĬñ IJĬ ŦƻƢƃŴƌ ťƀƤƌĥ ñ ŧĪĬ ųſƻĥ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŧĿĥ ƎſűƉ .ŸƤŶƦƌ ŦƼƌǔŬƘ ƨūǔŨĪ ñ ƻĥĪ .ŦƼƌűũƕŁƦƉ .ŦƼƍƠƐƘƦƉ Ƨ ŦƼƤƌĥĭ ŧűŶ ƅſĥ Ŧųƭ ŁŴſŤƘ ųíƆ ò .ķĭƧĪ ťƐƉŴźŨ ƎƊƀƏĪ ƎƀƌĬñ ĝƻŤƀƇū ƎſŁĥĪ ŦŵŷƊƆ ƻĥ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƨŨŴƠƆĪ ò ƎƉ űŷƿ Ƣƀū ŧűũƖƉ ĖķĭƧĖ .ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ƎƀƇſĥĭ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĶűƉ ĭĬñ ŦŁŴƉĪ ñ ñ ƎƀƆĬ ƨƊƤƉ ƎſĪ ŧƢŬƘ ĜŦƦƇƉĪ ųſƻĥĪ IJĬñ űũƖƉñ ƎƉñ ŦƦƇƉ űƃ .ųíƇſĪ ŧǔƕƞŨ ƎſĪ ljĬ ĜŦŁǔƉĪƦŨ ĨƢƙƉñ ķĭųƍƉ ƎƉñ ljĬĭ .ŧƢŬƘĪ ƎſųſƻĥĪ ò ƎƉ ŧűŷƿ Ƣƀū ķĥ Ėƈƙƌñ ò ĭĥ ŦŁŴƉĪ (85) ƎƀƌĬñ ĜŧűũƖƉ ųƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĝťƍƀƃ IJĬŴƇƕ ƈũƠƌĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĜƎſųſƻĥ ŦŁŴƊŶĿĪ ŦŁŴſƼŨĪĭ ŦƦƤƀŹ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƣĪ ò ŧűũƕ ťƄƘųŨ ĭĥ ĝķǔƕƦƐƉ ŧűũƕ ƎƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŧƢƉ ŧƢƉĪ ŦŁǓƼƉ ŦŁŴƀƍƠŨ õ Ǝſųſƻĥ ƧĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĝŦƼƍŨŴŶ ŦŁŴƊŶĿ ƈźƉ IJĬŴƇƕ ħǂƉ űƃ ĝŸŨƦƤƌ ƨƀŷŨ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪĪ ljĬ ŦųƆƧ ƥƀũƆ ťƤƌƢŨ Ƣƀū ƅſĥ .ťƀƤƌĥ ťƍƀƃĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ŧƢƐƉ ĝťƤƙƌ ƧĪ ķŴƍūĿĭĥ ƅſĥ űŬƌƦƉ űũƖƉĪ ĭĬñ ƎƉĭ .ŸƤŶƦƉ ťſƢƃŴƌ .ťƍƉĭĥò ƎƉ ƥƌĥ ųŨ ŸƤŶƦƉĪ ĝŀűūŁ ķĥ ťƙƤƕ ĭĥ

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ŸƤŶƦƉ ųƤƙƌĪ ƨƀŷŨĪ Ƣƀū ŦŵŶƦƉ .ĵųƆ ťƍƣ .ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ Ƨ ĺŴƤſ Ƨĥ õ ƎƉñ ťƊƀƆĭ .ĿƢƤƉ ŧĪĬ ŦųƆƧ ƻŤƘ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò űƀŨĭ .ƥƌƢŨŁĥĪ Ŧųƭ ƅſĥ ƈƕ ƅſĪĥĽ ŦŁĥĪñ ƁƆ ĪŴƠƘĪ ơƕĮĥĪ ƎſĪ ĸĭƢźƙƆ .Ʀƌĥ Ƣƀū Į ƁƇƣ ĜƢƉĥñ ñ ĜťƀƉò ŦųƭĪ ťƍźƆŴƤŨ ťƏŴƊƌ ĶŤƏĭ .ťƃĪŁĥ ljĥ ťŨĽñ ĜťƍŨƢŬƆĭ .ŦŁĪ űƠƘ ñ ĝťſƢƉ ƢƉĥñ ŧĪĬĪ ƢƉĥõ ĴĭűŨ Ƨĭ .ķĭŵūĿŁ ƧĪ ķŴƄƆ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ƎſĪ ljĥ .ƢƉĥĭ ñ ƎƇƘĮ ťſƢƉĪ ųƊƤƉ .ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƊƆ ťſŤƘĪ IJĬñ ƈźƉ ŪŹ űƃ ƎƀƆĬĭ Ĝljĥ űũƕ ò Ƨ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥĭ ĜŦųƭ ŁŴƆĪ ťſĪĭųſĪ ťſŁŤƉ ŁŴƠƐƕĭ ťƣĭǁŁ ƈźƉĭ ò ƢƉĥñ ĝƎƀƖƊƣĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ŦŁŴƀƇƊƤƉ ò ƎƉ ƈƠƣ ŦƼƃĭűŨ õ ljűƟŴƘĪ ŦŁŤƀŬƏ ƧĪĭ ŦƼƄƇƉ IJĬñ ŦŴŷƉ űƃ ĶƢŨĭ .džƊƉ ųƍƉ ƗƊƣĪ õ ƎƀƆĬĪĭ ĝťŨĥ ò ñ ťŨĥ ĭĬõ ĻĥĪ ƢƉĥõ ĜťŨĥ ŁŴƆĪ ŧƢƠſĥ ŁŴſŴƣĭ ĝŧűũƕŴƣ ñ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨ .ŧűũƕ űũƕ ...... ƈźƉ ĝťŨŤŨ ĭĬĭ õ ųŨ ťŨĥ IJĬĭƻĥĪĭ ò ĿƦŨ ųƆ ƋŶƦƉ (86) Ǝƀƍƀƃ ƎſǓƦŨĭ ĝƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ųƆ ŭƇƙƉĪ ĭĬñ ƎſűƉ ò ò ƎſǓŁĭ ŦƼƇſĪĭ ò Ƌƕ ŭƇƙƉ ĜŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ò ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉĭ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ťƍƀƃ ƢƐũƉĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶĪ ƎſĪ ĭĬñ .ķĭųƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀƤŶ ŦŁĭƢſƞŨ ƧĪĭ ĝƎſűũƖƉĪ ĶŤƏ ñ Ƨ ƚƇƉ ñ Ƣƙƃ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ĺűƌĪ IJųŨ õ ñ ŦƦƇƀƇŨ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶĭ ĝŧĪŴƉ ŦƦƇƉ ŦųƭĪ ò ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ ƅſĥĪ IJĬñ ĝŦŁŴƀƇſĪĭ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .ťŷƀƤƉ űŶ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ò IJĬ ŦƦǀƏ ĜƈſĥŴƍƊƕ ŪƃĿŁĥ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ƎſŁǓŁ ĭĥ ŦƼƇſĪò ƎſŁǓŁ ƎƉĪ ƢƉŤƌĪ ĝŦƦƇƀƇƉ ťƤƙƌĪ IJĬñ ŦƼƇſĪ ŪƤŶƦƌĪ IJĬĪñ ƈźƉ Ƣƀū ŧĿĥ .ŦƻĪĿ Ƨĭ ĝťƤƌƢũƆ ƎƍſƢƉĥñ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ ĝŀűūŁ ķĥ ŦŁĭĿŴŶ ĭĥ ŦŁŴƊƃĭĥ ƎſĪ ťƊƣŴūĪ ƻĥĪ ƥƌĥ Ƨĭ Ƨĥ ĜŦŁŴƊƃĭĥ ƎƉ ĭĥ ĝŪƃƢƉ ŦŁĭĿŴŶ ƎƉĭ ŪƤŶƦƌĪ IJĬñ ƎƉĪ ò ķĭųƍƉ Ƨĥ .ŧĪĬ ƢƉĥñ ljĭĬ ųƆ .ťƤƌƢŨ ƋƀƠƉĪ õ ñ ƢƉĥõ ťƤƙƌĭ ťƊƣŴū ƎƉ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ƎƙƠƌò ķǔƀƉĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƎƀƆƧ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥ .ƎƍƄƉ ƻŤƣƢƙƉ Ƨ ŧűŷƃĥĭ ĜƎſŵŶƦƉĭ ò ò ñ ťƄƀŷū Ƨ ťƍƄſĥ .ƎſĪ ƎſŁǓŁ ĭĥ ŦƼƇſĪò ƎſŁǓŁ ƢƉŤƌĪ IJĬĭ ŦŁŤƀŬƏ .ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ĬŁŴƤƌĥĪ .ƎƄſĥ ƅſĥĪ .ĪŴŷƇŨ ƎſŁǓŁ ŴƆĭ Ĝťƍƀƃ ƈƃĪ ŦƼƇſĪò Ǝſųſƻĥ Ƣƀū ñ .ŦŁĭŁŴƀƉĭ ŦŁŴƍſŵŶƦƉĭ ĜŦŁŴƍƤƤūƦƉ ťſĬƞƆĭ ťƍƙƄƆ ŧűũƖƤƉ ŦĭĬŁĪ IJĬĭ ò ò ñ ŦƼƌǔŶĥ ƎƀƆųƆĭ Ƨ ĜŦƼƇſĪ ķŤƀŬƏ ťſųƭ ƎſĪ ťƍƀƃĪĭ .ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨ ò ñ .ŦŁŴƄƀƐƉ Ƨ ĜťƊíƇƕ (87) ĶűƟ ƎƉĪ IJĬñ ĜŦŁŴƍƤƤūƦƉ Ƨ ĜŦŁŴƍſŵŶƦƉ ųŨ

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ò ƎƀƆĬĭ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ò ò ťƊƃ ĜƎƀƆĬ Ǝſųƿĭ .ŦƦƙƇŷƤƉĭ ŦŁŤƀŬƏ ĜķűũƕŁƦƉĪ ò ò ŦŁĭǓŴƖƏ ƻĥĪ ƥƌĥ ƢƉŤƌĪ .Ŧƻųƭĭ ŦƼƤƌĥ ò ŁŴƍſĿƦŨ ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ŭƇƙƉĪñ ƈƀƃĬ ĭĬñ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ťƍƀƃ ò ò ťƉ ƅſĥ ųƊƕ ŭƇƙƉñ ĜŦƼƌƢƉĥƦƉ ò ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉĭ ĜƎƌƢƉĥ ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮĪ ò ƎƀƆĬĪ Ƣƀū ĭĬ ŧűƀƕ .ŦƼƇſĪĭ ò ƎƀƍŨĮò ŧƢƠƌ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ Ļĥ ķűũƕŁƦƉĪ ò ñ ųƆ ĻĥĪ IJƦƉĥ ƎſĪ ƻĥ .ķŤƀŬƏ ƈźƉ .ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ťƍƄƌ űũƖƉĪ ĭųíƆ ñ ťƕĭĮ ĭĬõ ĝƎƍſŴŶ ƢƉĥŁĥ ĶűƟĪñ ƎƀƆųŨĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĝųſƻĥ ƻŤƌƢƉ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉĪ ò ñ ĝťƉĭĬĿĪ ťƙƠƐƀƘĥ ŦĭĬĪõ ĭĬ ĜŦƻųƭ džƊƉ ĸŴƀƆŴſĭ ťƃĿĬ ƎƉ .ljűũƖƉ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƉ ƈũƟŴƆ ƎƀƣǁƦƉĪ ķŴƌĬñ ŁŴƆ ƋƀƣĿĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ űŶ .ťƍƀƃ űŶ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƨĥ ĖĸŴƀƆŴſĖ .ƢƉĥñ ŧĪĬ Ĝťƍƀƃ ƢŨĪ ŦƦƇƖŨ õ ĝŦƦƇƉĪ ĖĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ .ťƤƌƢŨ ųƿ .Ŧųƭ ųƿ .ťƘĭĽƢƘ űŶ .ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ŧűŶ .ťƉŴƍƟ ñ .ljűũƖƉ ťƕĭĮĭ .ĬŁŴƌűũƖƉ Ļĥ ųſƻĥ ŧűŶ .űũƖƉĪñ ĭĬñ ĭĬ űŶĪ Ƣƀū ƈźƉ ò ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ò ò ĜƎſĪ ƎƀƆųƆ .ŦƦƙƇŷƤƉĭ ŦŁŤƀŬƏ ĜƎƌƢƉĥĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ķűũƕŁƦƉĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ųƇſĪ űƃ ųƇſĪĭ űŶĪ .ƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ ŦųƭĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ƎƀƕűſĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ò ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ .ŦųƆƧ ƻŤƘ Ǝſųſƻĥ ƎƉñ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƘĥ .ƎſųſƻĥĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝŦƼƤƌĥ ò ƨƟò ƦƍŨò ĻĥĪ ò ƢƉĥŁĥ ĭĬõ (88) űƃ ĭĬĭ ŦųƆƧ ƻŤƘ õ űŶ ƎƉĪ ĜŦƼƤƌĥĭ ò ƎſǓŁ ƎſƢƉĥĪ IJųŨ ñ ĝƎƀŬƇƙƉĪ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ .ƎƍƀƍƊſųƉ ĜŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ò ò ñ ķĭųƊƕ ƎƀŬƇƙƉ ĝűŬƌ ñ ťƍƀƃ ƎƉ űŷƿ ƻŤƍƀƃ ŦƼƇſĪ ƅſĥĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ĝƎƀƌĬĭ ĝŧĪŴƉ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŧƢƐũƉ ťƍƀƃ űŶ űƃ ĸŴƀƆŴſ ťƤſűƟ ĭĬĪñ ƅƀƖŹŁ ƎſĪ Ƨ ò ŦƼƇſĪò Ļĥ ĺűƌĪ ŧĪŴƉ űƃ ĝƎƀƆĬĪ ťƙƇŶŴƣĭ ĝťŷƀƤƉ űŶ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ űŶ ĖĸŴƀƆŴſĖ .ƎƀƆĬ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ųŨ űƃ ųŨ Ƣƀū ħǁ ñ õ .ťŬƆŴƘ ơŶĪ ŧƢƐŨ ƅƘĬŁĥĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ŴƆ .ŧƢŬƘ ųƇſĪĪ Ŧųƭĭ ŧƢŬƘ ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬĭ Ƣƀū õ ƎƉĪ ŦŁĭűƀƇſ ƅſĥ ĝƎƍƉĪ IJĬñ ųƇſĪĭ ųƆ ƻĥ űƃ Ƨĥ .ŦŁŴƌƢŬƘ ƨíƆ ñ ĝŦƦƆĭƦŨ ħĭŁĭ ĖŦŁŴſűŶ ĭĥ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťū ĮŴƉ ƅſĥ ĝƎƍƉ ƈƖƆĪ IJĬĭ ƎƀƆĬ .ŦƦƇƉ ŦųƭĪ ŦŁĭųƭ ŁŴƆ ŧƢŬƘĪ ŦŁŴſűŶ ƈźƉ ĝƋƀƣĿĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ƧĪ ŦŁŴſűŷŨ ĝťſƢŨ IJĬĭƻĥ ƎƉñ ljĬĪ ĜƎſĪ ųŨ ŧĪĭŁƦƉ ĖĸŴƀƆŴſĖ .ƢƉĥñ ƎſųſŁǓŁ ƎƉ ťƍƀƃ űŶ űƃ .ťſƢŨĪ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴƤƀƍƄŨ ĜťſƢŨ Ƨ ƎſĪ ljĬ .ťſƢŨ ñ ñ ĜťƠƍƌĥ ƎƉ ťƃĿĬ ƎƉ ĖŦƼƌǔŶĥ ĿƦŨĭ ĖƋƀƟƦƉ ŦƼƍƊƣŴū IJĬĭ ŦŁŴƍƉò

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ò ñ .ƢƉĥŁŁ ųƿ ƈƕ Ŧƻųƭ IJĬĭ ñ .ųƿ ƈƕ ťƙƇŷƤƊŨ ŸƄƤƉ ƧĪ ĭĬĭ ò ò .ƈƙƌñ ƎƊƇƣ ƧĪ ŦƼƇŨŴƠƐŨ ĜķĭųƍƉ űŷƿĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ĺűƌ ƎſűƀŷƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ò ŦŁŴſűŷƆ Ƨĭ ĜĨ űƉ ťƍƀƄƆ Ƨĭ ĜƢźƌñ ŦŁŴſűŶĭ Ĝĺűſñ ŦƼƇſĪò ĻĥĪ ƎſĪ ĭĬñ ò ŦƼƇſĪĪ ò ƢƉĥõ ťƍƄſĥ Ʀƌĥ ŦŵŶñ ĖťƖŹ ñ ƎƉ űŶ ťƍƀƃ űƃ ĝƢźƌñ ŦŁŴſűŶĭ ĝĺűſñ ťƍƀƃĪ ò .ƋƀƟƦƉ ŦŁŴƍƉ ƎſųſŁǓŁ ƅſĥ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ (89) ťƙƇŷƤƉĪ ƈźƉĪ ĝĴŁŴƙƄƌ ŁƢƉĥĪ õ ƎſĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆ .ťƤſűƟ ťŶĭĿĭ Ƣƀū ŦƦƆĭƦŨ ƎƉ ĝƎƟĭƢƘĪ ƢƐũŨĪ ŦŁŴƀƇſĪĪ ljĮ ķŁŴƆĪ ò ƅƆ ŦƼƌĪ ŧƢƀƙƣ .ĬŁŴƆ ƎſŵŶƦƌ ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ŦƼƇſĪò Ƨ ĻĥĪ ŦĭĬ ľĪĮ ŧĪųƇźƉ ò ķĪųƕŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ƎũſǁĪ .ĸŴƀƇƀƐŨ ťƊƀƄŶĪ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò ĜŦƦƕƞƊƆ ĝIJĬĭƻĥ ƻĥűƀƇſ Ƨ ťŨĥĪ ƈźƉĪ ĝŦĭĬ ƢƉĥñ ĭĬñ Ƣƀū űƃ .ĸŴƀƊƌĭĥ ŁŴƆĪ ĝťƉŴƍƟ ƈƃĪ ŦƻĪ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ƋƕĪ ľĪĮ ĝƻŤƟŴƙƌ ťŶĭĿĭ ĝƻĥűƀƇſ ŧƢŨĭ ťƍƃĬ ťƊƀƄŶĭ įĭĿĪ ljƦƕĭűſ ĭĬñ ŦǂƘųƆ ŧƢƣñ űƃ .ťƀƏĭĥ Ļĥ ŭƇƘŁŁ ĝķĭųſƻĥĪ IJĬĪñ Ŧƻñ ķĭųƆ ƻĥ ƻŤƙƇŷƤƉĪ ķŴƌĬñ ķĥ ĖĸŴƀƇƀƐŨĖ .ƢƉĥñ ò ťƤƍƀƍŨ ò ƨƘĥ .ķĭųƆ ƻĥ ťƀƏĭĥ Ļĥ ŦƦƙƇŷƤƉ ŦŁƢŶĥ .ķĭųſƻĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ƁƀƉĪ ĜŁĭĬõ ťƖƭ ƎƉĪ ŦŴŶ ƎſĪ ŦŁƢŶĥ ĝƈũūŁĥ ťƕĿĥ ƎƉĪ ĶĪĥĪ Ŧƻ Ƣƀū IJĬ ƎƉ .ƋſƢƉ ƎƉĪ ĭĬĪñ ƎſĪ ŦŁƢŶĥ ĜƢƀū ťūĭĭĮ ƎƉ .ƈƀŨĬĪ ƎſĪ ŦŁƢŶĥ ĝųƆ ƻĥ ťƀƏĭĥ IJĬõ űƃ IJĬĪõ ĭĬõ ķDŽƀƃĬ ƎſűƉ ĖĪŴŷƇŨ Ƣƀū ŦƦƆĭƦŨ ñ ñ ñ ƎƉĪ ĭųíƆĭ ĝťƖƭ ƎƉ ƦƠƐƘŁĥĪ IJųíƆĭ ĝťƕĿĥ ƎƉ ƈũūŁĥĪ ĭųíƆĭ õ ñ ĝơƙƌ ĝűƇſŁĥ ƢƐũŨ ŦƦƆĭƦŨ ƎƉĪ IJĬĪĭ õ ŧƢũūĪĭ ŦŁƦƌĥĪ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴƙƀƠƌ ųŨ ķĭųƍƉ űŶ ƈƃ ƈƕ ĝťƀƏĭĥĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ĻĥĪ ĝŪƤŶƦƌĪ ťƙƠƌ Ƨ ťƍƄſĥ ñ ò ƻŤƉŴƍƟ ŦĭĬ űƀŷƉ ŦųƭĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ƈźƉ .ťƃĿĬ ƎſĪ ĶƢŨ .ƎſŵŶƦƉ ljŵŨ Ǝſųƿ ŴƆ ĜŦĭĬ ƥƙƍƉ ƻŤƌƦƕĭűſĪ ĝƋſƢƉ Ŧųƭ ŁűƇſ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢƐũƆ ƈźƉ ŴƆ ĜƎƍſƢƉĥ ƎſĪ ųƇſĪ .ųƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƥŷƌĪ ĝĬƢƐũƆ ŦƦƇƉ ŦĭĬ ħųſñ ò (90) ƎƀƆĬ .ŧƢƐŨ ŀŤŶĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥĪ Ƣƀū ƎƀƆĬ ĝŀƢƙƌñ ŦƦƇƊƆĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƤŶ ŧƢƐŨĪ Ƣƀū ĭĬĪñ .ŦŁŴƣŴƤŶ ƨíƆ ŧƢƐŶ Ƨ ĬŁĭųƭ űƃ ĝķĭųſƻĥ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ò Ƣƀū ŴƆ .ƎƍƀũƤŶ ŧƢƐŨĪ ťƤŶĭ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ljĬĪ ųƇſĪ ĜƎƍſƢƉĥ ųƇſĪ ĶűƊǀŨ ljĬ ƈźƉ ĝŦƦƆĭƦŨ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ŧűƇſĭ ťƍźŨ ĭĬ ŦŁĿŴƉĪŁĪ ƈźƉ ò ò ò ťƏŴƊƍŨ Ŧƻųƭ džƊƉ ĸŴſĿŴŬſƢūĭ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ .Ƣƙƃñ ťƍƀƃĪ ťƀƤƌĥ

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ljŴƇƀƏ űƀŨĪ ƅſĥ ƥƌĥ ķĥ ĖĸŴſĿŴŬſƢūĖ .ƢƉĥñ ĸŴƀƌĭĪƨƟ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ñ ŴƆ Ƨĥ ĝŦƦƆĭƦũŨ İĬĿĪ ĝƻŤƤƌĥĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ƻĥųƭ ƈũūŁĥ ųŨĪ õ õ ƢƉĥñ ñ ĜťƍźŨĪ ťƏŴƊƍŨĪ ƎſĪ ƻŤƤƌĥ ĝŧƢũū ƎƉ ƢźƒĪ ƎƉñ ƻĥųƭ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨ ťƊūƦƘ ƁƌŴƘĭ ƧĥŴƣĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĝĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ƎſĪ ťƤſűƟĭ ĖIJĬĭƻĥ ųƭ ƧĪ ĝƥŶ ťũƀƆĽ űƃ ŦƦŹŴƆ ŦĭĬ ŦĭĬñ ƨƘĥ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƢƉĥñ ťŷƀƤƉ ĭĬ űŶĪ ŦŁĭűƀƇſĭ ĝƥƌƢŨŁĥĭ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ƎſĪ ŴƌĬ .ŧƢƐŨ ŦĭĬĪõ Ƨ Ŵƭ .ķƦƇźƉĪ ĭĬñ ƢƉĥñ ŦƦƤſűƟ ŦƦƆĭƦŨ űƀŨĪ IJĬñ ĝƈũƏ õ ƻŤƤƌĥ ŁŴſŤƘ ķƦƇźƉ ķŁŴƃĥĪ Ėljĥ ñ ťƍƄſĥ .ƈſĥŴƍƊƕĪ ťƍźŨ ŦĭĬõ ƻŤƤƌĥĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ƻĥųƭĪ ƈƀƃĬ Ʀƌĥ ƗƊƣ űƃ ò ŦƼƇſĪò ƎƉ ĶűƊǀŨ ųƆ Ʀƌĥ ơƙƉñ ĭĬñ ŦƦƇƉ ĭĬõ ťŨĽñ űƃĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĝŦƼƤƌĥ ñ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ƎƉ Ƣźƒ ųƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ŧƢƐŨ ĭĬ ťƍƇũƠƉĪ ƢƉŤƌ Ƣƀū Ƨĥ .ƈũƟ ñ IJĬñ Ƨĥ ĝťƀƏĭĥĪ IJĬ ŦƦƍƉ ŴƆ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ ĝŦƼźŶ ƎƉ ŀűūĪ ljĬĿŴƃ ŁƢƉĥĪ Ƨĥ .ĵŴũƐƌ ŦŁŴƉĪ Ƨĭ .ŦĭĬ ŸƄƤƉ ƎƀƙƇŶĪ ťũƀƆĽ ƥŷƌĪ ƨƘĥ ĜŦŁŴſŵŶ Ƨ ñ .ƎƀƆĬ ŦĭĬ ƈũƠƉ ñ ĜťƖſűſ Ƣƀƙƣ ñ ĭĬõ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ĭĬĭ ƥŷƊƆ ƎƄƉĪ ĭųŨĪ ñ IJŴƟ űƃ ƢƐũŨ (91) ƥŶ ĻĥĪ ĭĬñ IJĬĭƻĥ .ťƣŴƤŶ Ƨ Ŧųƭ IJĬĭƻĥĪ IJųŨ ŧƢƐŨ ƎƉĭ ųƆ õ ƎƍſƢƄƍƉ ƎƍŶ ƎƀƉűƟ ĜIJĬŴſƢƄƍƌ ƥŶĪ ƢƉŤƌĪ IJĬñ ƎƉĪ ĭĬõ ķĥĭ ò ò ƎƉ ŦŁŴũƟĭ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ .ťƤŶ ƈũƟ ťźƇũƉ Ƨ ťƐƀƟ õ ťŨĽ õ űƃ ųŨĪ ƎƉñ ťŨĬĪĪ .ťŨĬűŨ ŁĭĬ ťŷƀƤƉ ŴŬƆ ƎƉĭ ƢũƆ ƎƉĭ .ŁĭĬ ŧĪƦƕƦƉ űŶĪ ƎſųſŁǓŁ ƎƉĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ŦŁŴƤƌĥ ƎſĪ ťƐƀƟò .ŦŁĭųƭ ŦĭĬ ƋƣĿ ñ ƻŤƍƐƘŴŹ ƎƉĪ ƎƉñ ƨũŶ ĜťźƇũƉ Ƨ ťƐƀƟĪ ljŵƃĥĭ ťƍƄſĥĭ .Ŧŵŷƌ ƋƣĿƦƉ ĶűƟñ ťŷƀƤƉ ñ Ƨ ŀűūŁ ķĥ ťƐƏ ƎƉĭ ťƖƆĭŁ ĝƚƤƉñ ƧĮƢƘ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ƎſĪ ťƠƐƙƆ ĝƈũƏ ĜŦųƭĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƻŤƉŴƍƟ ųƆ űƀŶĪ IJĬñ ŦŁŴƤƌĥĭ ťƍƃĬ ĜŧĿŴƌ ƎƉĪ ljűƠƀƆĭ ñ ųſƻĥ .ƦƇũƟ õ Ƨ ƈũŷƉ ťƖƆĭŁĭ ťƐƏ ƎƉĪ ƅſĥĪ ŦƼźŶ ƎƉĪ ƎƉñ ƨũŷƆ ò ñ ŦƼƍƤſĪƦƉ Ƨ Ƣƀū ŁĭĬ ŧűƍƣ ƎƉĭ ƧĮƢƘ ƎƉĪ ƎſĪ ťƠƐƘĪ .ťźŶŁĪ IJųíƆ ñ ñ ƥŶŁĪ ŧĪĬĭ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ŦƦƇƉ űƃ .ŁĭĬ ųſƻĥ ŦĭĬ ơũƣ ŦƼƍƇũƠƉ ljǔŶĥ ò ñ IJƦƉĥ ĜƢƐũŨ ƼƉĪĭ ĜŦĽ ƞŨ ĺŵŨŁĥĪĭ ƢƉĥƦƉ űŬƌŁĥĪĭ ŧĪųŨ .ŦĭĬ ťŨĽĪ ĝŦƦƊƀƟ űƀŨ ƁƇƖƉĪ IJŵŶŁĥ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƎſųƍƉĪ ĭĬõ ƎƘĥ .ŦŁĿŴũƟ ųƆ ƦƣűūĪĭ .ƨũŶ ŦŵŶ ĬƢƐŨ Ƨĭ ĵŴƀƤŨ ơŨƦƣĥ Ƨĭ

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ò ŦŁŴƍƙƇƉò Ļĥ ĜƎƀƆųƆ ƎſĪ ƎƊƇƣĪ ò ò ŁƢũƆ ħĭŁ ƗƊƣ ŦŁųŨĥĪ õ .Ŧųƭ ƁƤƀũƆ ƈŶĪ ŁŴƆĪ ĭĬñ ķŴƠƀźƍƙƏĭƢƘ ŧƢƉŤƊŨĪ .ĸŴƇſĿŴƟĪ Ŧųƭ ƎƉ Ʀŷƀƙƌ ƨƟ ñ ųſƻĥ ƧĪ ĝƦƕűſŁĥ ƦƉűƟ Ƨ ƈƀƃĬ ŧĿĥ ĖťƍƃĬ ƢƉĥñ ƑƀƏĭĪĥŁ ťƄƇƉñ ŦųƆƧ ƎſĪ ŴƌĬ ĝťſűƀŷſĥ ŦĭĬõ ķŁŴƃĥĪ ĝŦƦƖſűſ Ƨ ķĭųſƻĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƥƌƧ ťƀƍƕĿĥ ƎƊƣŴŬƆ ŦųŬƌ ĝƧŴƇƕ ƎƉñ ƨũŶ ƎƉĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĝťƤƌƢŨ ƻŤƀƇƊƤƉ ò űƃ ĝŦŁŴſűŷŨĪ ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƊŨ ŦƼƤƌĥ IJĬñ ƎſĪ ťƤƙƍƆ ĜųŨ (92) ťƉƢƉ ųƇſĪ ťƀŶ ñ ĜŦƼźŶ ƎƉ ťƀƇƖƉĪ ųſŴŷƌĪ ñ ŦŁŴƍƙƇŶƦƤƉ Ƨĭ ŦŁŴƖƀũƟ IJĬĭ ĝűũƕ õ ųƇſĪ ò ò ñ ñ ƈźƉĪ ƨƉ ljĥ ƢũƏ Ƣƀū ƎƠƀƍƏ .ųŨ ƥŹ ŧƢƊƖŨ ťƖŨĭĽ ƅſĥ ĜųƍƀƃĪ ò ƈƕ ĜƎƀƆĬ ñ ķǔũƕ ƁŬƏĪ ŦƻŴŶŁ ƎſŵŶñ Ƣƀū ƎƐŷƊƆ .ťſŵŶƦƉ ƧĪ IJųíƆ ò ĜljƢƕŴƏ ĭĬõ ƎſĪ ŦĭĬõ .ljĭĬ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪĭ ťſųƭ ŦĮĥǓ ĝŦŵƉǔŨĭ ŦƻŵŷƊŨ ƎƍŶ ñ ƅſĥ ťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ŴƆ ƻĥƢſƻ .ťƀƉĪĪ ŦƦũƤŷƉ Ƣƀū ųŨ ŦƼƉ .ljĥ ƢũƏĪ ƎƉ ƁƇƖƉ ĝƈƃ ťŷƉ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŧƢƐŨ ŦĭĬĪõ ƈźƉĪ Ƣƀū ljŵƃĥ .ŦŁƢſƢƣ ƎſĪ ĺűſñ ƧĪ ĭĬĪñ ťƤƙƌ ŁĭĬĪõ ƈźƉĪ ĝljĥ ƢũƏñ ljŵŨ ųŨ ĜƨũŶĪĭ ŦŁŴƉĪ ljűŶĭĥ ò ƎſųǀŨĪ ŦŁƦƐƉ ƈƀƄƉ ťƊſŴƟ ĝťźŷƌĪ ñ ƻĥ ƚƇŶƦƤƉ Ƨ ŦƦũŹ .ųíƆ Ƣƀū ťƤƌƢŨ .ťƀƌƦƇƀŶ Ƣſƻ ťƊŷƘ ƧĪ ĝƎƀƇƕ ŁĪƢƉ ƎŨŵŨĪ IJĬñ ŦƼźŶ ƎƉĭ õ . ĖťŷƀƤƉ ųƉŴƙŨ ƨƄƌ ŸƃƦƣĥ Ƨĭ ĝŦƼźŶ űũƕ õ õ õ ƧĪ ĭĬñ ťƕĿDŽƕ ťƀƉűƟ ñ Ƨ ųſƻĥ ķĭųſƻĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƥƌƧ Ƨĭ ƎſĪ ťŷƀũƣ ĖħĭŁ ŦƻǓŴƕĮ ĿƦŨĭĖ Ƣƀū ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ .ĭĬ ťƍƇũŶƦƉ ťƍƀƄŨĪ ĭĬñ ťƀŶ ƎƉñ ŧƢŬƘĪ ĝŦŁųƀƉŁ ñ ñ ĬŁŴƆĪ ŧĪĬ ƅſĥĪ ťſŁŤƉ ųźƉĪ ħĭŁ ƎſĪ ťƤƙƌ .ťƍƇũŶƦƉ Ƨ ŦƦƇƉĪ ųƇſĪ ŦųƆƧ ŦŤƘ ťƍźƆŴƤŨĭ ƎſĪ ƨƀŷŨ űƃ .ĵŴƀƤƆ ƎƉñ ŁƦŷƌõ ĜŦŁŴſűŶĭ ƎƀƆĬ ħĭŁ ƎſĪ ĶƦŷƉ ƎƉŁĪ ŦƦŶĭǔƆ Ļĥ ĜťŷƤŶƦƉ ñ ĖŁĭĬ ťſŵŶƦƉ õ ťŷƀƤƉ ĺŴƤſ ťſƢƉ űŶ ĖħĭŁĭĖ .ƎƀƆĬ ƚƏĭĥ űƃ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ųŨ ķǔƀƉĥĪ ò űũƖƉĭ .ƻĥųƭ ťſĭƢŨĭ IJĬĭƻĥĭ ķŴū űŨ .ťŨĥ ŧƢŨ ĶűƉ ƈƃ IJĬĭűſŤŨĭ ò ƅſĥ ťƀò Ŷ ò ŦƼƇſűŨĭ ò ĶűƉ űŷƆ ĜťƤƌƢŨ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ƎƀƆųŨĭ ŦƼƤƌĥ .ťƀŶ ò ƅſĥ ťƤƍƀƍŨĪĭ ò ťƍƀƄŨĪ .ťŨǁ ŦųƭĪ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƣƀū ťƀƕƞƉ .ŪƃƢƉ ŦƦƕƞƊŨĪ ŴƆĭ ĜŧĿƢƤŨ ƎſĪ ťƤƌƢŨ .ŧƢƐŨ ƎƉ Ƣźƒ ŴƆĭ (93) Ŧųƭ IJĬĭƻĥ ƎƉñ Ūſǁ .ŧƢƐŨ ŦĭĬõ ƎƘĥ ĜŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ƎƉñ ĭĬñ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƨĥ .ķŁŴƃĥ ťƊƀŷƣ ñ ĖƋƇƖƆĭ ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ ƎƉŴſĭ ƁƇƉŁĥ ťŷƀƤƉ ĺŴƤſĪ Ƣƀū ťƀƖƣŤŨĪ ƎſĪ IJĬĭ

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ƎƉ ƢſƞŨĪ ƢƠƀƉ Ƨ ĬĭŵŶ Ƨĥ .ŧƢƘŴƣ Ƨĭ ŦĭŵŶ ųƆ ŦĭĬ ƼƆĪ IJųƀƍſŵŶĭ ĝťƀũƌ ò ƗƇŨĭ .ťƕĪŴƉ ťƐƌƦƉ űƃ ųƆ ƈƕĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢƕĽĪĭ ŦŁŴźƀƣĪ ŦŁŴŨƢƆ .ťƤƍƀƍŨ ò ƅƘĬĥ Ƨĭ ĜƎƀźƀƣ ƈƃ ƎƉ ƢſƻĪ ŦŁŴŷƉ ò ò ŦŁŁųŨ ƎƉ IJĬŴƘĥ IJĬŴƄƘ ƈƕ Ƣƀū ŴƆ .ťŷƀƇƣ ƢƉĥĪ .ťƟĭĿĪ õ IJĬñ .ƁƐŨĥ ŦŁŁųŨ ƈƕĭ ĜťũƀƆĽ ƈũƏĭ õ Ƣƀū ųƆ ƻĥ .ŦƼƤƌĥ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ťƀƍūŴƣĭ ťƙƇŶŴƣĭ ĝƈƖƉ õ ŧƢƐŨĪ ťſĿŴƙƃ ò ŁŴƆ Ƨĥ .ųƉŴƘ įƦƘ õ Ƨĭ .ťƤƍƀƍŨ ƎƉ Ƣſƻ ĝťƃŵƌĪ IJĬñ ťŷƀƤƊƆ ŧĪųŨĭ ñ ųíƿ ƎƉ ĵųƆĭ ƻŤƄƀƄƉ ĶűƊƿĭ .ŧƢƉĥ ƅſĥ ŦŁĥõ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ƧĪ ĜŦƦƐƄƌ ƎƘĥ ĝŦƼźŶ ĺűſñ Ƨĭ ĝťƍƀƄŨ Ŧųƭ IJĬĭƻĥ űƃ ƎƀƆĬĭ .ƢũƀƏ ťŶĭĿ ŁƢŬƉ ĬƦŶŴũƣŁĪ ťŨĿĪ Ƣƀū IJĬñ .ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƤƌĥ ƢŨ ŧĿƢƤŨĪ ƅſĥ ò ƎƉ ƥƌĥ Ƨ ĻĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ŧƢƕĽĪ ŦŁŴŨĿ Ļĥ ŧűũƕ ťƉĪƦƌ ĶĭƦƉ ƎƉ ƥŶĪ ťƤƍƀƍŨ ĖųƆ ò ò ƁƙƇƉ ƎƀƆĬĪ ťſĪĬƦƉ ħĭŁ ťƍƙƆŴƀŨĭ ĝĴŁŴƙƄƌ ťƕűſ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƀƆĬ űƃ ƎſĪ IJĬŴſĪĭŁ .ƻŤƃŴƤŶ ĿĭĽŁ Ƨĭ ƢŬŶŁ ƧĪ ľĪĮ .ŦŁűƕĪ ƎŨŵŨĪ ŦĮĥǓ ò ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ťƙƇŶŴƤŨ ĿŴƙƃŁ Ƨĭ .ŦŁŴƤƌĥĭ ƎƉñ ŦŁĭųƭ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ò ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ ƅſĥĪ IJĬñ ĝŦŁŴƀƇſĪĭ ŁŴƆ ƥƍƄƉ õ űŶ ĭĬñ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ñ ťŷƀƤƊƆ IJĬŴƀƠƐƘŁĪ IJųíƆ ħŴƤŶŁ ƧŴƕĭ .ŦƼƍŬƇƘƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ õ ò ò (94) ŦŁŴƍſĿƦƆ ò ŦƼƇſĪĭ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƊƆ ƻŤƙƠƌĭ ĝŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨĪ IJĬñ ťƍƀƃĪ ŦŁŴƀƌƢŶƧ ĴƢƣĭ ñ ĜơƐƘƦƉ ŧűŷƃĥ ĶűƊƿ Ƣƀū ŦŁŴƍſĿƦŨ .ƎƀƆĬĪ ò ò űƃ .ŦƼƇſĪ ķĥĭ ĝƢƉĥŁ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ķĥĭ .ĶűƊǀŨ ƦƠƀƐƘĭ ŦƦŬƇƙƉ ò ƎƍƀƇƖƉ Ƨ ĜŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ťƍƀƃĪ ŦŁŴƍſĿŁĪ ƎƍƀūƢźƠƉ Ƣƀū ťŬƆŴƘ ò Ī ŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƍƐƀƙƉ ƅſĥ ĝŁƢũƏĥĪ ƅſĥ ƻƨŨŴƠƏ ò ƎſǓŁĪ IJĬñ ĝƧŴƕ ò ťƍƀƃ ŧűƀŷƉ ñ ñ .ųſƻĥ ťŬƆŴƘĭ ťƠƐƘ ŦŁŴƍſĿŁĪ .ƎſƢŶ ƧĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥñ ųſƻĥĪ IJĬñ IJĬõ Ƨĥ .ŧĪŴƌ ƎƉ űŶ Ƨĥ .ķĭųſƻĥ ĸĭƢƘ ƈƃ ƎƉ ĴĭűŨ ƎſǓŁ ŴƆ .ŦŁŴſűŶ ŧƢſƢƣ Ƣƀū ķĥ ŁŴƆ ħǁñ űƃ ĝĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟ ƢƉĥĪ õ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĜťŷƀƤƉ ƈƃƦƐƉ ƎſǓŁ ò ò ñ ťźſĿĭĪŁĪ ƧĪŴƕ ĸŴƐƍƟŴƏ ŁŴƆ IJĬõ űƃ IJĬĭ õ ĜŦƨƙƟ ƈũƟŴƆĪ ķŴƌĬñ ĝƧŴƕ .ƎſǓŁ ķĭųſƻĥ ķĭĭųƌ ƎƉñ ƈƀƄƉ Ƨ ƎſǓŁĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ŸƇƣ õ ĖƼƇƉƦƣĥ ŦŁŴƀŶ ŧűŶ ƎſĪ ƎſǓŁ űƀŨ

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ĪŴŷƇŨ ťƊƣŴū ƈƕĪ ƢũƐƌ ƻŤſĪĿ Ƨ ƥƌĥ Ƨ ŦƼƍƀƃ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ ĭĥ ĝŦŁŴƀũƖŨ ĭĥ ĝŦƦƊƖźŨ ĭĥ ĝťƊƣŴŬŨĪ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝŧƢƉĥƦƉ ò .ŦŁŴŷƀŷƏ ĭĥ ĝŦŁŴƐƀũƐŨ ĭĥ ĝŦŁĭƢƀƠƀŨ ťƕĪĭŴƣ ƎſųƆ ƻĥĪ Ƣƀū ƨƊŨ ò ò ƨƃŴƏĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƈƕĭ ƎƍŶ ƎíſƞƆĥƦƉ ĜťƀƤƌĥ ŦŁŴƍƄƐƉ ƈźƉ ťƀƍƊƣŴū ò ŧűŷƃĥ Ŧƻųƭ ĭĬõ ŧĪŴƉĪ IJĬñ .ƎƀŷƄƤƉ Ƨ ķĭƢƉĥƦƌ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥĭ ĝŸƤŶƦƌ ñ .ťƍƃĬ ƢƉĥñ űƃ ĜƎƍŶŴſĪ ķŴƀƇŬƌĭĥĪ ťƠƣŴƘĪ ťƀƉűƟ ťŨǂŨ ĜĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟ ťƕĭĮĪ ŦŁŴƙſƢŷƆĭ (95) ljĭĬĪ ŦŁŴƍƀźƠƆ ťſŁĥĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ƎſűƉ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ ĬƦƇźƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎſĪ ƎƍƀLjƊƉ ĜŦŵŷƌ ťſųƭ ťƍƀƃĪ ťƃƦƙƉ ŧƢƘŴƣ ĜųŨĪ ŁŴƆ įƦƉƦƌĪ ťƍƤLJ ųƆ ƼƆ űƃ .ƎƇſĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƇƊŨĭ .ƻŤƤƌĥ Ƣſƻ ųƇſĪ űƃ ųƇſĪ ƎſǓŁĪ ťŨǂŨ ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ ĖŧĿƢƣĪ ŦƦŶŴƤƉ ñ ŧƢŨĭ ťŨDŽźƉ űƃ ĜťƠƣŴƘĪ .ƢƉĥñ ťƍƃĬ ĶŴƤū ƧĪ Ŧĭųƭĭ ĝƈƠƣ ƎſűƇſĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ .ƢƉĥñ ťƍƃĬĪ ťƍƄſĥ ŦƼƍƀƃ ĶűƉ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ ƎſĿųƍƉĭ ĜƎſŴŷƉ űƇſĥĪ ĭĬñ ťƀƏĭŤŨ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƍƉĪ ƎſűƇſƦƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀƌĿƦƉ ĖķĭųƇſĪ ťƍƀƖƉĪ ťƍƀƄŨĪ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊƆ ŦƼŨĿƦŨĭ ťźƣĭŴƤŨ ĜƅƊƕ ƎſĪ ƎƍſűŶñ .ƎƍŷƇƣ ƎƍƃĿĪĥĪ ƅſĥ ƅſDŽƀƃĬ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ťŷƀƇƣĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƇƉ ƻŤƊŷƆĭ ljĬ ƈźƉ .Ŧƻųƭ ŦƦƕűſ ŁŴƆĪ .ƥƍǀƆ Ŧĭųƌ ťƀƇū ƅźƣĭŴƣĪ ťƍƄſĥ .IJĭĬõ ƎƀƆųŨ .ťūĬŁĥ ƎƀƆĬ .ƅƆ ò ŦŁĥñ ŦĭĬŁ ŧĪųƆ ƻŤƠƀƤƘ Ƨĭ .ťźƊūĭĪĪ ĶűƉ ħĭǁŁĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ľĭƢƕ ĶƢŨ Ÿƀƙƌ ťŨǂŨ ƨƊƕ ƦƊŶƢŨ ŴƀūĬŁĥĭ ĝƎƀƠƙƍƉ ƁŬƏĪ Ƣƀū ƎƀƆĬĪ .Ʀƌĥ ò Ũĭ ĝŦųƭ ƎƉ ƎŨŵŨĪ ŧǔƀŷŨ ŦĮĥǓ ƁƙƇƉò ĝĭĿƦƕ ťŶĭĿ IJĬõ űƃ IJĬĪõ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƨƊƖ ƎƀƆĬĪ ŴƆĭ ĜƦƌĥ ĺűſĪñ ťƍƄſĥ ĝťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪĪ ƎƀƇſĥ Ǝſųſƻĥ ĝŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁűƕĪ ò ò ŦƦƕűƀŨ ŴƠƙƌŁĥ ťƣĬĪ űƃ ĝįĽŁĪ ƞƆĥŁŁ Ļĥ ĴĭűŨ ƎſĪ ķĥ .ťſųƭ ťƍƙƆŴſĪ ŦƻĪĭŁĭ ĝťŷŨŴƣ ŁƞſĿŁ ŦŁŴƍƊſĬ ŁŴƆ ķŴŹĬƢƌĭ ķŴŨĭƦƌĪ ķŤƀŬƏò ƎƀƍŨĮò ƎƀƤƌĥ ò ƢƐƕƦƍƉŁĭ ŦŤƉƦƆŁĪ ĪŴŷƇŨ ŦŁŴƍƊſĬ ĝķŴƊƀƐƌ ĝƦƌĥ ĶŤƏ ƻĭĬõ ŦŁųŨĥ ò ťƘĭĽǔƙŨĭ .ƨŨŴƠƆĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ ťƉƢŶĭ ƎƉ ķŁŴũſƢƠŨ ĻĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ťƍƙƆŴƀŨĭ ƎƀƆųƆ ƨƊŨò ƎſųŨĪ ŧƢſĬĮĭ Ƣƀū ŧƢƀƙƣ .ĭűũƕ (96) ŴŨŁĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĝƋſűƟ ƎƀƇƀŶĪĭ ƎƍƀźƀƍƟ Ŧĭųƌĭ .ŧĪƢƌ ĶűƊǀŨ ŴƟŵŶ ŴƉűƟĪñ ƎƀƆĬĪ ŦǁǓĭűŨĭ ĜƚƠƌ ĝƨūƢƆ ťƉƢƌ ƎƍƀŨĽ Ƨ űƃĭ ĝťƀƤƟĭ ťƣĿűƉ Ƨ ĶűƊŨĭ ĴĭűŨ ťƊƆĪ ĜƎƍŶ

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ò ñ ƅſĥ ťſƼƉ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆ ƎƍƀƍƀƖŹ Ŧĭųƌ ŦŁŴƙƐŨĪ ƧĭĪñ IJĬñ ĝljĥ ƢũƏĪ .ťƄƇƊŨ õ ŧƢƀƉĥ ťƀƆƦƉ ťŨǁ ƎƉĪ ŦŁŴƍƕĪĭƦƤƉ ĝŦƦƕűſĪĭ ŦƦƊƄŶĪ ŦƦƊƀƏ ĬŁŴƆĪ ĝƎƟĭƢƘĭ Ŧųƭ ťŷƀƤƉ ĺŴƤſ ƎſĪ ķƢƉ IJĬñ Ƌƕ .ŦƦƕűſ ƈƄŨĭ ŦƦƇƉ ƈƄŨ ĿƻŁŁĪ ƅƆ ĵƦƌ ĜťŷƀƇƣ ƢƉĥĪ õ IJĬñ ò ñ ťƊƇƕ ljųŨĭ ƨƊƕĪĭ ŦŁŴƍƊſĬĪ ťƍƍŹĪ ŧƢƠſĥ ĻŴźƟŁ ĻĥĪ .űſƦƕĪ ĭųŨĭ ƑƀūƢƏ ŁŴƆĪ ŧĿĭŤƏ IJƢƉ ťƃƢſƢźƘĪ ŦƼƉűƟ ŦŁƢūĥ ƦƊƇƣĖ ĖĸŴƠƀźƉƢū

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ĖŧĿĭŤƏ IJƢƉ ťƃƢſƢźƘĪ ĬŁŴƆ ĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏĪ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥĖ ò ĜƑƃƢſƢźƙƆ ĜƈƀŨŁĪ ťƍƙƇƉĭ ŦųŨĥĪ ťŨƧ ĜljƦŨŴŹĭ ťƤſűƟ ƎƇſĪ ŧƢƊƆ .ĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ŧƢſƞŨ ƑƀūƢƏ ò ñ ĭųŨ ñ ŦƼƉ ťũƿ ƈƕ ŁƢŶĪõ ĝĴűũƕ ƁƆ ƎƊŷíƆ .ƁƆ ťƉĪĪ õ ljĥ IJƻĥ ŴƍƉ õ ò ñ ťſųŨĥ ƼŨĪ ťƏĿŴūĥ ĝĭĬĪ ŧƢƠſƧ Ƣƀū ƎƘĥ ĜƦƤũƀƙƉ ƎƉ Ƣſƻ ƨƉ Ƣƀū ťƏŤƉ ƨūǓĪ ŦŁĭƢƀŬŷƆ ŧĪųŨ ŴƆ Ƨĥ ĜŦĭĬ ƑƐƘƦƉ ťƍŷƆŴƙƆ ŦƼŨ ƢŨĭ ñ ŦƦƕűſ ƧĪ ŦŁŴƍƄƐƉ ŧĪĬ ųíƿ ñ ƦƟƢƕ ƎƉĪ ĜljĬ ƎƉ Ƣſƻ ljĥ ƎſĪ ŁĿƦƕñ .ŦĭĬ (97) ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ ƎƀƄƐƉ ťƍŨĮ űƃ ƎƀƆĬĭ .ŁĽĿŁŁĥ ƁƤƙƌĪ ŦŁĭƢƀŬŶĭ ò ťƍƄſĥĭ .ŀƢƙƉĪ ƼƆ ŦĭŵŶĪ IJƦƉĥĭ ĝŧƢƀƠſ ťſƢƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ IJƦƉĥ ĝŦƻųƭ ò ŦƦũſǁ ĶűƟĪ ĝĶűƉ ťƙƏ ĶűƟ ťƍſƢƟĪ ŦƦƕƞƊŨ ƁŨ ƗŬƘĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƢƉĥñ õ ò ƁƇſĪ ťƀƌŴƃĭ .ƻŵŶñ ťƊƀƄŶ ťƀƕĿ ťƍƀƌŴźƌĥĪ ŦƦũſǁ ĝŦĭĬ ƻĥ ŦƦƤſűƟò ò ŦŁŴƀƇƤŨ űƃĭ .ƚƀƇūĪ ñ ťƖũŹ ƎƉñ ŦƦƖƣĪĭ .ƦŶƦƘ ŦŁƢūĥĪ ťƕǓŁ ĜƦƊſĿĥ ñ ƈƀƇƟ űƃ ƎƃĿƦŨĭ .ŧƢƘŴƤŨ ƻĭĬñ ťƕĿ ŦŁŵŶĪ ĜƻŤƀƌĬ ƻĭĬñ ƈƀƃŁ ò ò ĜƻĭĬñ ƅƆųƉ ƈƀƇƟ ñ ŦƼƌǔŶĥ ŦƦũſǁĪ ljƢƕŴƏĭ ĜƼƉĿĥ ťƕǓƦŨ ťƍƀƕ ĜƻĭĬñ ƚƇŷƉ ŦĭŵŶĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƈƀƇƟ ƈƀƇƟ űƃ ĜƻŵŶñ ťſųƭĭ ťŨĿ ĶűƉ ñ ƻĭĬñ ƢũƏñ ťƀƠƀƏŴƉ ŧĿƼƟĭ .ťũƠƖƆ ƻĭĬñ ƅƘĬñ ťƕĿŁ ŴƌĬ .ljĥ ƗƊƣĪ ò .ųŨ ƎƀƆŤƕ ťƠſĪĮĪ ò ò ťſƢƉĪ Ƨĭ ĜŦƦũſǁ ƁƇſĪ ŴƆĪ ĜŁƢƉĥñ ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮĭ ò ťƊŶĿ .ŦŁŤƀŬƏ ƨƉò ƁƆ ƎƀƖŨƦƉò ťƍƉĭ ĝƼƍƣ ƢũƆ ħĭŁĭ .ŦŁƢūĥ IJŁŴƆ õ ò ĜťƍƀƖƆ ƻĭĬñ ƞƭ ñ ťŶƢƉ ljĥ ħĭŁĭ .ŦŁŴũŹ ŁŴƀƐƍƉ Ƨ ƎƉ .įƢƉŁĪ ŦŁŴƀǑ ò ñ ñ ĬŁŴƆ ƁƊƕ ƎſŁŤƌĪ ŴŬƆ ƈƀƇƟ ƈƀƇƠŨĭ .ƦƤƠƌñ ħĭŁĭ ťŶĿĭĥĪ ųíƇſĪ ŧĪĬ .ƢƉŤƊƆ ŸƄƣĥĪ ťƀƖŨƦƉ ŦŁŴƠƀƙƏ ĜƎƀƆĬ ĿƦŨ ƻĭĬñ ŴƍƉĭ õ .ƦƆŤƕ ò ñ .ťƕĿŁĥĪ IJĬñ ƦŷƇƣñ ťſųƭ ƎƀƆĬ ƅſĥĪ Ĝljĥ ƢƉĥñ ĜŁĪųƕŁĥ ƎƐŷƊƆĪ ƎſĪ ò ò ò ĜĭĭĬ ƎƀƉƢƉ ŦŁųŨĥĪ ťƐƀũƏ ŦĭŵŷŨ ĜƻĭĬñ ƑƘĿ ĴĭűŨ ŦƼƕĿŁ ƎƉ ƢũƆĭ ò ñ ŦƦũƤŷƉĪ ŦŁĿŴƕĮ IJĬñ IJĬõ ŪŹ űƃ .Ŧƻųƭ ƻĭĬñ ťƍƘ ƢſƻĪ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò Ƌƕ .ƻĭĬñ ťƕĿƦƉ ò ƻĭĬñ ƢũƐƉ ljƢƟ ĜƈſŤƀƌĪĪ ŦĭŵŷŨ Ļĥ ljĥ ƻĭĬñ ťūĬƦƉ ƎƀƆĬ Ƌƕ űƃĭ ò ųíƆ ñ ƻĥĪ ljĥ ŦŵŶĪ ƈƀƇƟ ƈƀƇƠŨ Ƨĥõ .ŦĭĬ džƊƉ ŦƦŨĿĭǓĪ ťƉŴƘĭ Ĝťƍƀƕ ñ ò ò ñ ŦƦƍƣ ƦƕƞƉ ƎƉ ƢƉŤƊƆĪ ƅſĥ ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮ űƃĭ .ŦŁǔƉĪƦŨ ƻĭĬ űƀƕƦƉ

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ƈźƉ ťſƢƉ džƉ ĜƢƉŤƌĪ ťƍƤLJ ƦƐƀƘĥ .ƻĭĬñ ŧƢƟƦƉ (98) ŦŁŴƍƀƉųƉĪ õ ťŨĥĪ ŦƦƊƄŶ ĺĪĥĪĭ .ơŶĿĥ ŦƦƕűſ ƧĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƁƆ ŧűŷƉĭ .Ĵűũƕ õ ƗƊƣĪ õ ò ñ ŦƦƇƉĭ ŦƼƌĮĥǓ ƨƉ ƈƃƦƏĥĪĭ .ƻĥƞſĿŁ ƻĭĬñ ƚƇſƦƉ ĜƈƃĪ ŦƦƇƕ õ ò ljĪĥò ƎſųǀŨ ĜƦƆŤƕñ Ŧƻųƭ ƎƀƆĬĪ ťƃŴƤŶ ŁŴƆ űƃĭ .ŦŵƉǓĭ ŦǁŴƤŶ ñ ťƤƌƢŨ ƈƄƆ ĿųƍƉĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢſƢƣ ŧĿĬŴƍƆĭ ĜŧĿŴƙƀƤƆ ƻĭĬñ ƗƊƣ ñ ŦŁĥĪ ñ ƼƇƉƦƣĥ ŦƦŨǓĭĿ ƎƀƆųŨ űƃĭ ĜƻŵŶñ ťƃĿĬ ƎƉ .ťƊƇƖƆ ƎƉ ƦƠƙƌ ķŴƇŬƖƆĪ ĭĬñ ĝťƍſĪñ ĿĭĬĥ ƅſĥ ťƍƃĬ ŴƆ .ťƤƙƍŨ ťƀƍƀƊſ IJƻĥĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ljƦƇƀŶ ťƍſŵƉ ƁƇƣ ƎƉ .ĭĭĬ ƎſƢƣõ ťƄƉĭ ťƄƉĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ƎƃĿƦŨĭ ĝƈźƟ ťŨĥ ƢũƀƏ Ĝťƙƀƙƕ ťŨƢƟ ƎƀƇƕ ŦĭĬ ħųƆƦƤƉ ƎſĪ ƎƄſĥ .ljĥ ƻĭĬñ ŦĭĬñ ò .ljŁĥõ ƎſĪ ljĥ .ŦƦƇƊƆ ŦŁųŨĥĪ ťƀƆűƕò ĜťƀƉűƟ ljĥ ƻĭĬñ ųſƢƃĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƕűſ Ƨ ĭĭĬ ƎſųſƢƃĪ ķŴƌĬñ ƎƉ ƎƀƤƌĥ ò ĭĭĬ ƎſƢƟñ ŦƦƤſűƟ ĶűƉ ĴŁŴƍŨǂƉ űƃ ĝŴƊƏ ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮò ŦŁŴƀũƕĪ ò ƎƉ ƎƀƌǔŶĥ ƎƀƤƌĥò .ĭĭĬ ƎƀŹĬƢƉ ŦƼƇſĪò ƈũƟŴƆ ŦŁŤƀŬƏĭ ĜťƍſĪõ ƼũƆ ò ñ ƎƆ ķŴƉƢƌĪĭ .ƎƀƠƐƙƉ ķŴƄƇſĪ ŦƼƃĭĪ ƎƉĭ .ĭĭĬ ƎſŁĥ ĴĭĪ ƎƉ ljĭűƀƠƿ ŧĪĿ ƅƆĬĥñ ŦƦƕƞƊŨĪĭ .ĭĭĬ ƎƀũũźƉ ƎƀƆĬ ŦƼƇſĪò űƃ ĜĭĭĬ ƎƀƖƏ ťƃĿĬ ò ljĥ ŧƢƟĥĪĭ .ƨƊŨ ò ľŴƐƘĥ ķĭųſǓŁ ťƘŤŶĭ ò ĝƁƆ Ʀƌĥ űƃĭ .ƻĭĬñ ƢƉĥñ ŧĪųƏ ò ķĭųƆ ƻƢƟ ĜƦƇƠƣ ƅƇſĪ ťŨǁ ƎƀƃĪŵƉ űƃ ƁŬƏñ ƎƀƠſƦƣ űƃĭ .ťƏŴƊƌ ò ò ķĥ ĜŧűŷƉ ťƍŨŵŨ ƎƉñ ƎƀƆųƆ ĝŦƻųƭ ƁƠƐƕ ƎƀƆĬĪ ŦŁĭƻƦŶ ƎƉ ĭĭĬ .ƁǑĽĥ ŦŁĭƞƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĜķĭųſƼƆ ŦŁĭƞƉ ñ ťŨƢƟ ƎƉ ťŨƢƟ űƃ ƎſĪ ljĥ ƦŷŨĪ ñ ťƊƇƣĪ ƎƀƆĬ (99) ƎƐŷƊƆĭ ĝljĥ Ƣũƕ ƎƉ ŴſųūĥĪ ƎƀƇſƧ ĝťƀƤƌĥ ťƤŶ ƦƤŶ ñ ĜƎſŵƉĪ ŧĿŴƙƀƤŨ ljĥ ƦƤūĿĥĭ ĝŦųƆƧ ò ò ťƍƀƉĥ ťŨŤƃ ƎƀƍŨĮ ŧĪĬĭ .ķĭųƆ ƻĥĪ ƎƍſŵŶñ ŧĿĬŴƌĪ ŦŁŴƍƖŨƦƐƉ Ƨ ĝťƍƀƕĪ ò Ƣƀū ťƖũƏ .ǂƘĬĥ ljĬĿŴƄƆ ķŤƀŬƏ ò ƎƉñ ljĬĿŴƃ ĜťŨĥ ĭĥ ƅƀƇƟò ƦƍŨĪ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟĪ Ƣƀū ťƠƀƆĮ űƃ .ƁŨ ƗŨĥ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ƎſĪ ŦƦƕűſ Ƨ .ƁƊŶĥ ťƀƉűƟ ò ò ƞƊƕĥĪ ŁƞƆĥŁĥ ĜƻƢƟ ƻĥƻƦŶ ķŴƄƇſĪ ŦƦƤſűƟ ò ĜƁƍƀƕ ŦƦũſǂŨ ťƊƀƄŶ .ƦŨĪñ ŦƦŷƀƇƉ ŦƦƕűſ ƧĪ ŦƦƖƉĪĭ ò IJĬ ŦƦƇƉ ƢƉĥĪ õ ĜŦƻųƭ džƊƉ ĭĥ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉĭ ò ljĥ ĺűſñ Ƨĥ .ťƍƀƃ ljĥ Ĩ ŵƊƉĭ ŧĪűŶò Ƌƕ ljDŽũƇũƉ űƃ ŴƆ .ŦƼƍŨƢƟŁƦƉ

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Ƨ űƃ .ƨũƆŴŨĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀƠŶƢƉ ĜŦųƉƦƤƉ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁŴſűŶ űƃĪ ĜƎƉñ ò Ǝƀū ŵƉƦƉ ƻŤƤſĿ ŴƆ ĜťƉŴƍƠŨĭ ljƢƉĥƦƉ Ƨĭ ťſųƭ ťƍźƆŴŷŨ ĝťƍƀƃ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆųƆ .ơƕĮĥ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŧƢƐũƉ ƎƉñ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ljĥ ťƍƄſĥĭ .ŦŁŴſűŶ ťƀƌĿƦƉ ò ƎſǓŁ ťŷƀƤƊƆ .ųƆ ƎƀƕűſĪ ñ IJųíƆĭ ƎſĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ljĭĬ ŁĭƢƀƐŶ ťƣĿĥ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ò ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ŦŁŴũƃƢƊŨĪ IJĬñ ĝŧƢƉĥĪ ĵĭűƕĥ Ŧƻųƭ ƦLjƊƉ ŦƦƊƄŶ ò ò ò ñ ŴƆ ťƍƀƃ ųſűſŤŨĪ .ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ ŦųƊƤƉĭ ĝťƍƀƃ Ǝƀū ŵƉƦƉ ŦƦƇƉ ťƍƟŴſ űŶ ŁŴƆ ƻĥƻƦŶ ƁŬƏ ƎƀźƀƇŶĪ Ƨĥ Ĝljĥ ƚƇſñ ŧĪűŶò ŁŴƆ ƎƀƊƀƏĪ ťƀƏĭĥ ĜŦŁŴũƃƢƉ ťƀƌĿƦƉ ƻĥƻƦŶ ťƍƃĬ űƃĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ťƉŴƍƟ űŶĭ ťƉŴŶŁĭ .ŧƢƀŶ ĪŴŷƇŨ ťƘĭĽǔƘ ŦƦƆŁ ŁŴƆĪ ĜĿƻŁŁ Ƨ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁĪ ƅſĥ ŴƆĪĭ .ƢƐũƉĪ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ĜƎƍŶ ƎƀƇƙƉ űƃ ĿĬŵƌ ƎƍŶ ťſųŨĥ ƎſƢƉĥ Ƣƀū ƎſƢƉĥ .ƎƍƀƠƤƙƉ ƻŤƤƀŨ ťƀƄƇƉ ljĬ ťƍƙƆŴƀƆ ĝƨŨŴƠƆĪ ķŴƌĬñ ñ .ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ŴƆ .ŦŵŶƦƉ (100) ljƢŶĥ ĭĬĪñ ťƕĪĭŴƣ ĝƢƐũƉĪ ƎſĪ IJųŨ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁŴſűŶĪ Ƨĥ .ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ űŶ ƎƄƉ ťƍƃĬĭ .ťƉŴƍƠŨ ŦƦƇƉ ųƆ ƚƟĥñ ljĬĪ ųƆĭ ųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ŦƼƍƕĪŴƤƉ ĜƢƐũƉĪ IJĬñ űƃ .ŁĭĬõ ƎƀƠƠƙƉĪ ƅſĥ ťƊƀƏ ñ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŧƢƐũƉ ťƍƀƃ űŶĪ ĝŦŁŴƌŤƃĪ ŦƦƇƉ ťƄƘĬĪ ƎƀƆĬ .ųſƻĥ ƋƀƏ .ťƕűſ ƻĥƢſƢƣ ŦŤƃĪ ƥƌŤŨ Ƣƀū ljĥ ƥūƢƉ .İĬƢƌ ťƊƀƏ ťƊſűƟĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆĪ ĭĬ ťƍŨĮ Ƨĥ ñ .ƈƃƦƐƉ õ ťƍƃĬĭ ŧƢŨ űŶ ƅſĥĪ .ƗƊƣ õ ƨƊƕ ƦƊŶƢŨ ťƃƢƣĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ĜƢƉĥĭ ñ ƻĥĪ ljĥ ƚƇſñ ťƍƃĬ ĜƢƉĥĪ ñ ljĥ űſųƕ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĭ ƎſĪ ŧĪĬ ŦƦƇƊƆ ųíƆ ò ò ųŨĪ .ƻĥ ťƀƣŴƍƃ űŷƆ ťźƀƤƘ .ŦŤƀŬƏ ĭĥ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ IJĬñ .ŦŁŴũƃƢƉĪ ŦŁŴƍſĿŁĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƅſĥ ŦŁŴƍƉò ƈƀƄƉ Ƨ ĬĿƦŨĭ .IJĬĭƻĥ ŦƦƍƉ ťƀƇƊƤƉĭ ò ƈƀƃĬ ķĥ .ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ Ļĥ ŁĭĬ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃ õ õ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶ űƃ .ƎƍſĪƦƉ ò ťū ŵƊƉ Ƨ ŴſŴƟ ƎƃĬĪ ƎƀƆĬ ťƍƄſĥ Ĝŧűŷƃĥ Ŵū ŵƉŁĥ Ƨ ƻƨũƇũƉ Ƨ ťŷƀƤƉ ò ƎſƢźƌƦƉ űƃ ĝƢŹĥ ťũƃĭĿĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƎſĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĜƢƉĥñ ƻŤƉŴƍƟ ĭűƀŶŁĥĪ ĝŧĪűŷŨ ò ķŴƌĬĪñ ƅſĥ ŧĪűŶò Ƌƕ Ǝƀū ŵƊƉ ƧĪ Ƣƀū ƎƀƆĬĪ .ķĭųƆ ŦĭĬ ƻĥĪ ƅſĥ ťƍƀƃ ò ƎſǓŁ ŧĪųŨĭ ťƠƍƌĥ .ƼƆ ŪƤŶŁĥĪ űŷƆ IJĬŴƀƕűƌĪ ľĪĮ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ñ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĜƎſƢƉĥ .ťŷƀƤƉ

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ò ķŴƄſűūǓŴƏ ƎƉ ĜŦƼƇſĪò ƈźƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ƈƀƃĬ ŧƢƀƙƣ .ljŁĥõ ƦƙƇſñ ťƀƌųƃ ŴƆĪ ťƖſűſĭ .ƎƀƌƢŶĥ ĶűƉĭ ŦĭĬõ ĜŧĪĬ Ƣźƌĭñ ĶűƉ ŦƦƇƉ Ƣƀū IJĬĭƻĥ űƃ ŦƼƤſĿ ŦŁŴſűŷŨ ŧĪĬ Ƌƕ ƎſĪ ųƆ IJĭĬò .ŦŁĭųƭ ŁĿƞŨŁĥĪ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ ñ .ƎƀƆĬ ŦƼƇſĪò ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ŦĭĬĪõ ŦŴŷƉĭ .ųƆ ŦĭĬ ƻĥĪ ƎƀƌĬĭ ñ ò Ǝƀū ŵƊƉ ƧĪ ĝťƤſűƟ ťŨĥ ĭDŽƃƦƏĥ ťƍƄſĥ Ƨĥ ĖƢƐũƉĪ ƦŨĿ Ĝŧűŷƃĥ ťƍƀƃ ò ò ƁƤſǓ ŁŴƆ ơƏĥĪĭ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ ĿƦŨ (101) .ƁƆ IJĬ Ƨ ťƙƭ ƁƤſǓ ĭĥ ŦŁĭŤƉ ò ò ŁŴƆ ƎƀƘĥĪ ò Ǝſĥųƭ ƢſƻĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀƘĥ ĭĬñ ĝťƣŴƉ ĴŁŴƆ Ƨĥ .ljĥ ŸƄƤƉ ò ťƠƙƏ ƧĪ ĜťƤƙƌĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ƣƀū ƁƆ ƎſƧ .ŀƢƙƉñ ŦƦŨĿĭǓĭ ĝdžƊƌĪ IJĭƦƣĥ ò IJƦƉĥ ƻĥűſƻĭ .ơƏŁ ťƉĭĿ ljĬ ųƿ ŁŴƆĪ ƎƉñ ŧĪĬűŨ ĝljĭűƀƠƿĪ ťƕĭűſĪ ò ĝƎƀƠƐƙƉ ƎƀƆĬ ŦŁųŨƧ ƎſĪ ŧĪųŨ ĝťŨƢƟ ƎƀƊƀƠƉ ŦŴūĪ ŦƦũƤŷƉò ƎƉ ò ƎſǓŁ ƦŶƦƆĭ ƈƖƆĭ ŁŴƆ űƃ ťƀƉűƟ ĭĬñ ƎƉñ ťƣĪĥ Ƨĥ .ƎƆ ƎƀũźƉ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ò .ťƠŶĪ ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮò ĜŦƦŷƌ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁŴũƀŹ ťſƦŶƦƉ ƁƍƤƆ ò ťƏŴƊƌ ò űƃ ĝƢũƕĥ ťƍſĿŁ ĭĬñ ŁŴƆ ƎſĪ ťƍƉ ƎƉñ ľĭƦƣĥĭ ĝƁƆ ƎſƢƟƦƉ ťſųŨĥ ò ƧĪ .ljĥ ĺűſñ Ƨ ƎŨĮ ŧűŷŨ Ƌƕ ŦƼƌƢƉ ƎſĪ űƃ .ƁƍƌŴũƐƌ ƎƀƘĪĿĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ ťƍƀƃ ƢŨƦƐƉ ĜŦƼƕĿŁ ljĥ ƢũƖƉ Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ťƍƀŨĽ ŁŴƆĭ ĝljĥ ƚƠƉñ ŦƼƌƢƉ ò ĝƈƘDŽƄŨ ƧĪ IJĬñ ĝƎƀŷƤƉĪ ťźƐƌŴūĥ ķŴƌĬñ ƅſĥĭ .ljĥ ĺƢƣĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ljĥ ñ Ƨ ƎƉ Ļĥ ŧĪĬ Ƌƕĭ .ŧĪųƏĭ Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ťƍƙƇƉ ƅƍƉ ƚƭ .ťƃĮĥĪ IJĬñ Ƨĥ ñ .ľĭƢƕĥ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦƦƕűſ .ĭĬ ťƍŨĮ ŧĪĬĭ Ƣƀū ƢƉĥĪ ò ñ ŦƼƇſĪ ŧĪĬ ųíƿĭ .ķĭųŨ ƻĥ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ĜƁƇſĪ ŧűūǓŴƐŨĪ ljĥ űſųƕ ò ñ Ƨĥ .IJĬ ŦĮĥĿ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉĪ ŦƦǀƏ ŦƼƇſĪĪ ťƀƣŴƍƃ ƢƉŤƌĪ IJĬĭ ƨƀƇƉ ƎƉ ƋƀƟƦƉĪ ƢƉŤƌ ťƤƌƢũƆĪ ƥƌĥ įƢƊƉ ƧĪ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ ƦũƤŶŁĥ õ ñ ŦŁŴƊƃĭĥĭ ŴƆ ŪŹ űƃ .ƦƐƇƟñ ŦƻųŨĥ ŦŁĭĪƢƊƆĭ .ƻŤƀƌĬ ŦƦƇƉ ƦƇũƟĭ ò ķǔŨƦƐƉ ĶűƉ ƈƄŨ ƅſĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ƼƇƊƉ Ƣƀū ŦƦƇƀƇƉ .ƨƟò ƦƍŨò ƎſŴƣĪ ñ IJĬñ (102) ƋſƢƌ ƥƌĥ ķĥĭ .ŦŁŁŴƀƉ ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ƈƀƃĬ ŦŁŴƀŶ .ųſƻĥ ŧűŶ ťƉŴƍƠŨ ŴƆ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƊƃĭĥ .ťƊƀƏĪ IJĬñ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ƈũŷƉ ĜŦƦƇƀƇƉĪ ñ ťƀƏĭƧ ƦƠũƣ ƋƀƏĪ ĭĬĪñ ťƕĪŴƣ Ƨĥ õ ŦŁĭĿŴŷƆ ťƙƤƉ űƃ ĻĥĪ IJĬñ .ųſƻĥ .ťƍƄƉĪ ƅſĥ

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ĝťƊƀƄŶ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ŦƦũƤŷƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĪƢŹ ħĭŁ ĜljDŽƀƃĬ ljĥ ľƦƣñ űƃ ŧĿŴƕĮ ƁƆ ƈƀƃűƕ ƎſĪ Ƨ .džƊƉ ťƀƌųƃ ķŴƄƍƤƆ űƀŨ ƎƉñ ƻŤƟƢŹĪ ò ŦƼƇſűŨĪ ò ƎƀƆųŨĭ .ħĭŁ ŦƼƤƌĥ .ťƏŴƊƌĭ ƎſĪ ķŴƄƆ ljĥ ŧƢƟ .ĺűſƦƉ ñ ƢŨƦƐƉ ŪƃƢƉ ŦƦƕƞƊŨĪ ĭĬñ ĶűƉ űŷƆ ĜťƤƌƢŨ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ĜťŨĥ ƢƉĥĪ ò űƃĪ ťƍƀƃĭ .IJĬĭƻĥ ƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ Ĵĭűƿ ƎƉ űŶ .ŻƇŶ ŦƼƇſĪò Ƌƕ ťƍƀƃ ñ Ƨ ljĥ ljĥ ķĥĪűŨ ŧĪĬĭ .ŦƼƇſĪĭ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ Ļĥ ťũƣŴŶ Ƣƀū ťƍſŤŨ .ljĥ ơƐƘ .ƨƉƦƣĥ ťŨĿĭǓ ķŴƄƍƉ ĜŦƦƕűſ ŧĪųŨ ĻĥĪ Ĝljĥ ƧƞƉ ñ ħĭŁ .įƢƉĥ ò ŧĪųƏ Ƌƕ ŦƻųŨĥ ķŴƃŁŴƣƢƉ ŁŴƆ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ƁƆ ƢƀƐŶ ƈƀƄƉ ƎſĪ ťƍƉ ò ñ ƦŶƢƉĥ ƁƇƣ ƎƉ ŴƆĪ ĜťŶĭƢŨ ľŴƘĥ ŧĿƢƣĪ ƎſĪ ƁŬƏñ .Ŧƻųƭ ƢƉĥĪ ƢƉĥñ ŴŨǔŨ ŦƦƠſƦƕ ŧĪĬĭ .ŦŁŴŨĽ ŁŴƆ ljĥ ƅƆųƉ ƨƟ ŁƢŨĭ ƨƕĿĪ ŦƼƕĿƦŨ ĜƞƆĥŁŁ ĶűƉ ŦƼƆĭĥĭ Ƣƀū ƎƘĥ .ťƍƤƆ ƢƀƠſĭ IJƻĥ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ƎƀźƟĪ Ĝljĥ ljĥ .ƎƍŶ ƎƀƙƇƉ ŦƦũſǁ űƀŨ ĜƢƉŤƊƆĪ ƅſĥ ŦŁǓŵūĭ ŦƦƕǓĥ ƎſĪ Ǝſųƿ ŁŴƆ ò ťƍƙƆŴſĪ ò ŦŁĭĿŤŶĪ .ƎƍŶ ƎſŁĥ ŦƦƇƊŨ ťƀƌĭűƠƉ ŁŴƆĭ ƎƀƆųŨ .ƎƌĪųƕ ťſųŨĥ .ƦƘƢū ĸĭƢƘ ƈƃ ƎƉ ķŴƄƀƇƟò ƦƍŨò ƎƉ ŦĮĥĿ ƻŤƍŨǁƦƉ ŦƻĥĪ ťƖŨŁŁ ųǀŨ ŦƼƍŶĭĿ ķŴƃŁĪŴŬƘ ƎſĪ ĶƢŨ .ljĥ ŦĭĬñ ťƀƏĬƢƙŨ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪĪ ŧĪųŨĭ ťŹƢƏ ƎƉ ƢũƆĭ .ljĥ ǂƌõ ťƐƄźƉ Ƨ ƨƀƕ ƅſĥ ŴƆ ŧĪĬĭ .ljDŽũƠƉ ťƍƤƆ ñ ŦŤƘĪ .űſĭĪ ƅſDŽſƢƐſĥĪ (103) Ʀƌĥ ťūƢƣĪ ĜƢŹ Ʀƌĥ ƎƉ ƢŹĭ .ťŹĬĪ ljĥ űũƕ ŦŁűƕĪ ŦŁƢƍƉ ƎſĪ ŁŴƆ .ťƤŹŁ ťſĪŴƉ ƼŶŁ ƁŬƏ Ƨĭ .ƈſŤƀƟŵŶ ƅſĥ ťƟĭĪ ĭĥ ħĭŁ űƃĪ ťƍƄſĥ .Ŀųƌĥ ťŷƀƤƉĪ ŦƼũŨĪ ƎƀƇſƧ ƎƆ ħĭŁ ĜƦƌĥ ơƇƏñ űƃ .ƎƆ ŀűŬƌ ťũŹ ŧƢũƏ ĜƎƍŶ ƎƀŶƦƉ ŦƼƕĿŁ ĴŁŴƆ ñ .ŦųƭĪ ljųƄƆ ƎƉñ ƎƀƆĬ ñ ƅſĥ ƁƇſĪ ƨƊƕĪ ŧƢƠſĥ ƎſĪ ljĥ .ťŨĿ ĭųíƆ ƢũƏĪ ò ĻĥĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ĝljĥ ƎƉñ ŧƢũƏ ƈƃ ƎƉ ĜŦŁŴźƀƣ ƈźƉ ljĥ űŷƃƦƉ ŧƢƟĥ ƨƊƕ ò ķŴƄƇſĪ ŦŁŴƖŨ ò ƎſĪ űƀŨ .ŦƼƕĿƦƆ ƎſųŬƉ ťƀƌƢƐŨ ťƍƀƣ ƎƉñ ťƃĿĬ ĜŦƻųƭ ĜĵĮĥñ ŦƼƃĪ ťƀƏĬƢƘ Ƌƕ ƎſĪ ĵųƆ .ŦŵŶĥ ŧƢſǔƣ ŦŁŴƕǓ ķŴƄƊƕ ŦŁűƕĪ .ŦĭĬĥ ťƍƀƊſĪ ŦƦƍƉĪ ķŴƄƊƕĪ IJƢƉ ťƃƢſƢźƘĪ ĬŁŴƆ ĜƑƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏĪ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ƦƊƇƣĖ ĖŧĿĭŤƏ

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ƑƀūƢƏĪ IJĬĭĪĥĽ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ĜŧĿĭŤƏ ťƃƢſƢźƘĪ ųƇſĪ ħĭŁĖ ĖĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ñ ťſƼƉĪ IJĬñ ĝIJĬñ ŦŁƢūĥ ƦƇũƟ űƃĪ ĝƅƍƙƆŴſ ƦƊŶĿ ťƣĬĭ ƦƇũƟñ ųŨ ò ĝŦųƭ ƎƉ Ÿƀƙƌ ťŨǁĪ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò ŴƠƐƘĪ ŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁűƕĪ ŦĮĥǓ ƁƙƇƉò ťƀƐŶĪĭ ƎſĪŴƉ ƻŤƍƀūĬ ŴƆĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ľĪĮĪ ƎſųƍƉ Ʀƕűſ ĝŧĿƢƣĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƻĥƞſĿŁ ò ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ ƅſĥĪ IJĬñ ŦƼƇſĪ ķĭƢƉŤƌĭ ķŴƕűƌĪ ĝŦŁŴƍƊſĬ ťƍƀƃĪ ĝŦŁŴƤƌĥĪĭ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ĝťŷƀƤƉ IJĬĭĪŴŷƇŨĭ űŶ ĭĬñ IJĬĭƻĥ ķĭųƍƉĪ ñ .ƢƐũƉĪ ƎſĪ ťƖſűſ ĝŦƦƇƉĪ ųƇſĪ ĭĬñ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ĝťƉŴƍƟ űŶ ťƘĭĽƢƘ űŶ IJĬĪĭ ñ ťƣĿĭűƆ ħĭŁ ĜĴƼƕĿƦƆ ŁĭĬ ťƠƐƕƦƉĪ Ƨĭ .Ƽũū ƋƀƏŁ ĶűƟŁ ŦƼƉĪ ĭĬñ ťźƍƟ (104) ƦźƍƟŁĥ Ƨĭ .ŦƼźŶ ťſƼƉĪ IJĬñ ŦŁƞƊŶŁ ŁƞƊŶŁĥ ħĭŁ .ťƍƊſĬƦƉ ťƤƙƌĪ ťƍƟĿŴƘ ƈźƉĪ IJĬñ ŦŁŴƍƊſĬ ƈźƉĪ Ƨĥ .ljűŨƧ .ƎƠƆŵƌ Ƣſƻ ŧĿƢƣĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ŴƆŤƤƊƆ Ʀƕűſ ųŨ ƻĥĪ ljĥ džƊƉ ƥƌĥ ŁŴƆĪ IJƦƉĥ ĝŧűŷƉĭ ťƀƌųƉ ƁŬƏ Ƣƀū ƁƆ Ļĥ ƢũƆ ķĥ ĝĪŴŷƇŨ ŦƼƍŷƄƤƉĭ ŦƦƍŷũƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴƊƇƣ Ƨĭ ĝŦƼƍũƠƖƉ ŦƦƊƄŶ ò Ƨ ťũƟŴƕĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ŦƦŶŴƤƉ ƎƉ ŦƦƟƢŹ ĶűƊǀŨĪ ƎſĪ ŦƦŶŴƤƉĪ .ƎſŁĥ ñ űƃĪ .ƋŶƦƉ Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ťƏŴƊƌĭ ĜťſĪĿ ƢũƆĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƇƉ Ļĥ Ĝųſƻĥ ò ò ò ñ ťƉŴŶŁ űƃ .ƅſųŨĥ ŴƊƏĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƋƇƖƆĪ ťƉŴŶŁ ƋſĿŁ ƧĪ .ƢƉñĥ ĿĬŵƉ ĶűƠƉ ƧĮƢƘĪ .ǂƤƘŁĥ ĭĥ ƦźƣĭƦƣĥ ƅƍƉĪ IJĬñ ŀĿűƌĪ ŧƢƀƙƣ ĜƎƍſűƀŶDŽƀƃĬ ƎƀƆĬ ò ķŴƤźƆƦƌ űƃ ƢƉŤƌ ƥƌĥ ƅſĥĪ IJĬñ ĝƥźƆ ƧĮƢƙƆ Ƣƀū ƢſƻĪ ĶűƉĪ ĜƨƃŴƏ .ƚƭ ťƤſűƟ ťŨǁ ħĭŁ ĜƎſűƆŴƉ ƚſƢŶ Ƣſƻĭ ƎƀźƟ ò IJĬŴƘĪŴū ƈũƟŴƆĪ ƎſǓŁĪ ťƐƉŴźŨ ĜĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƊƀƄŶ ƈƀƃĬ űƃ IJĬñ ŦƦƇƉ ĜťŷƀƤƉĪ ĭĬñ ŦĮĥĿ ŦƦƕƞƊƆ ƎƆ ŦƼƉ űƃĪ .ƢƉĥñ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ ťū ŵƊƉ ĭĥ ƨũƇũƉ Ƨ űƃ ĜťŬƆŴƘ ƎſĪ ťƠŶĪ ñ ĜťƙƇŶŴƣ ƎƉñ ťƕűſ ŦŁŴſűŶĪ ò ò ťƍƀƄƆ ñ ťƠƐƘ ƨíƆ ƈƃƦƏŁĪ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥ ƅƆ ƼƆĪ ĜƦƌĥ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ĖŧĪűŷŨ ò Ī ťƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ťƍźƆŴŶĭ ĶűƉ ťū ĮŴƉ ķĥ ĜŦŁŴſűŶĪ Ƨ ŧĪĬ ķĥĭ .ƢƉĥƦƌ ťƍƀƃ Ʀƌĥ ƅŷū ĻĥĪ IJĬñ .ŦŁŴſűŷƆ Ʀƌĥ ųƊƤƉ ŦŁŴũſƢƟĪ ťƊƀƏ ĜƅƆ ħųſŁŁ ñ .ųƀƇƕ

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ò ò ħĭŁ űƃ Ƨĥ .ƎƍſƢƉĥ ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƉ ƥſĿĪ ƎƉ ŦŁųŨĥĪ ƨƟò ƦƍũíƆ ò ƨƊíƆĪ ò .ƁƇƉò ƗƊƣĭ ĜƅƌĪĥ ħƢƟñ ťƊƀƄŶĪ ĜƅƆ ƢƉŤƌ ƻŤŨǁĭ .ƎƍƀƇƠƣ õ ò .ƅũƇŨ Ǝƀƌĥ ťƉĿŁ ķĥĭ .Ǝſųſƻĥ ŦŁǔƀƙƣĪ ĺĪŁĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ƋƀƟĥ ƎſĪ ƅũƆ ò (105) ŧűŷƃĥ ƅƆ ƎſűŷƉ ƅƕĪŴƌĭ ĜťſƢƉ ƈƕ ĴƢũƏ ŦĭųƌĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĜĴŁŴƙƐŨ ŴƆĪ ĝĬƦƇƉ ƋƀƟĥ ŧĪųƆ ťƉűƕ ŴƆ ťƍƙƇƉ űƃ Ƣƀū ťƍƊƆ .ųŶĿĭĥ ò ò ťƍƀƄƆ ŧƢƐũŨ űƃĪ Ƨĥ ĝƻŤƊƀƄŶ ƎſĪ ƚƏĭĥ ĝŧĪűŷŨ Ĩ ŵƊƉ ĭDŽũƇũƉĪ ĝųƉƦƤƉĭ ƈƃƦƐƉ õ ŧƢŨ ťƍƃĬĭ ħĭŁ űŶ ĝŦųƭĪ ŦƦƇƉ ĻŁĭƦƣĥ ťƉĪĭ ñ ñ ĻŁĭƦƣĥĪ Ƣƀū IJĬ .ŦŁŴſűŶĪ ĬŁŴƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ŦƦƙƏĭŁ ƎƉ Ʀƌĥ ŧĪĿƦƉ Ƨ ƈźƉ .ħǁĪ õ ƎƍƙƇſ ťŷƀƇƣ ƎƉ ĜŦųƭ ŦƦƇƉ ķŁŴƃĥ ŧƢƐũŨĭ ťƉűŨ ò ñ ĭĬõ Ļĥ .ŧƢƐũŨĭ ťƉűŨ ŴƘŁĭƦƣĥ ťƀíǑĪ ĻŁĭƦƣĥ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨ ƈƀƃĬ .ķĭųŨ űƃ ķĭųŨ Ƨ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĝŧƢŬƘĭ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ťƤƙƌ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ĝƎƇſĪ ťũƃĭĿ ƈƀƃĬ ķĥ ƢſƻĪ ĝƈſĥŴƍƊƕ ƈƕĪ IJĬñ ťſĿĭĥŁĪ ŦƻŴŶƦƆ ťſųƭ ťŷƀƇƣ ťƍLjƉƦƉ ñ ĜIJĬĭƻĥ ŦŁŴũſƢƟĪ ťƊƀƏ Ƨĭ ťū ĮŴƉ ƧĪ ĝIJƻĥ ųſƻĥ ŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ò ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƤƙƌ Ƣƀū ŧĿĥ .ƎƍƀŨƢƠƉ ŦĮĥƢƆ ƎƊŷíƆ ƧĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƍŶ ťƍƉ ƈźƉ ñ ŧƢƐŨ ťƄƘųŨ ĭĥ ĜŧƢƐŨ ŦĭĬŁĪ ǂƘĬŁĥ Ƣƀū IJĬ ŧĪĬ ĜťƤƙƌ ŦĭųƌĪ IJųíƆ ò ŁŴƆĪ ljŵƃĥ ĭĥ .ťū ĮŴƉĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ò ƎƀƙƠƌƦƉ ĭĥ ŧĪűŷíƆ ƎƀƠƀŨĪĪ ťƊƣŴū ñ Ƨĭ ĜųíƇſĪ ŧƢŬƘ ŁŴƆ ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ťƤƙƌĪ ŦŁŴſűŶĭ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ ƨƃƦƐƉ õ ñ ƢƉŤƌĪ .ƎƍſƢƉĥ ƎƍƀƇƀƃŁ űƃ Ĝųſƻĥ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ťƀƍƀƃ Ƣƀū ƎƉñ ťſŁŤƉĪ .ƢƊŬƆ ñ .ķŁŴƍƃĿűƊƆ ŧƢũƕ ĜťũƃƢƉ ųíƇſĪ ŧƢŬƘ ŁŴƆ ŦƼƤƌĥ ťƤƙƌ ĬŁŴƃĥĪ ljĮ Ƣƀū ò džƊƉ ĸŴƇſĿŴƠƆ ƗƊƣĭ ò ƚƇƉñ ŧĪĬ ƻŤƀƇū ųƇſĪ ťƀƆŴƄƐŨĪ ĝŦƻųƭ õ ƎƀŬƇƙƉ űƃ .ťƀƇƉƦƤƉ ŦŤƀŬƏò ťƀƌŵŨò ŦŁŴſűŶĪ ljƢƕŴƏĪ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƎƆ ò Ƣƀū ƎſűƀŶƦƉĪ ĜƎƀƕĿƦƉ ŧĪűŶò ŁŴƆ ƻŤŬƇƙƉĭ ĝŦƼƕĿƦŨĭ ťŨŴŷŨ ƎƀƤƌĥ ñ ò ĝťƙƇŶŴƣ ŦƦƕƞƉ ƎƉ (106) ƎƀƊſƢƉ űƃ .ťŨŴŶĪ ŦŁŴƕĿƦŨ ƎſƢƉĥƦƉ ò ò ò ƎƀƠƀŨĪĪ ƎƀƆĬĭ ĜƎƍſƢƉĥ Ƣƀū ƎſűƀŶƦƉ ťƀƌŵŨ ŧĪűŶ Ƌƕ ƎſŁĥ ĭĥ ĝŧĪűŷíƆ űƀŶŁĥĪ ƈƀƃĬ IJƦƉĥ .ťū ĮŴƊŨ ĭĥ ťƍźƆŴŷŨ ĭĥ .ŪſƢƟĪ ťƊƀƐŨ ĭĥ ljǔŶĥ ljĮ ŦŵŶƦƉ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ŦƼƕĿŁ ƎƉ ƁƇƖƉĪ ŦųƭĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƎƇſĪ ťƍƀƄƆ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ĭĬ ťƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ĝIJĬĭƻĥ ĭƢƉĥŁĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ŧűŶ ƅſĥ Ƣƀū ŴƆ .ŦŁŴſűŶĪ

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ŦųƆƧ ĶƢŨ .Ɨſűſ ķĭųſƻĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ Ƣũƃ ƥƌƧ Ƨ Ļĥ ĭĥ .ųƿ ƈƃ ƎſĪ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ƨƃŴƏò ƎƉ ķĥ ĝĶűƊŨ Ƨĭ ŦųƀƉŁĭ .ĺűſñ ĶűƊƿ IJĬĭĪŴŷƇŨĪ ĭĬñ ƎƉ ĵųƆ ĝƎƍſƞŨ űƃ ƎƀƆųƆ ƻĥ ťƍƄſĥĪ ƎƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ IJƦƉĥ ĜƎƍƀƃĪŵƉ ñ ŧűƀŷƉĪ ƎƍſƢũƏ ljĮ ƎſĪ ťƍſŤŨ .ŦŁŴƍƃĿűƉ ųſƻĥĪ ƎƍſĪŴƉ ƎŨ ƻĥĪ ŦƼƕĿŁ ŦƻǓŴƕĮ űƃ ƎſĪ ķĥ .ƢƉŤƌĪ ŸƄƤƉĪ ĭĬñ ŴƍƉ õ .ĬƢŬƙƆ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƤƙƌ ñ ťƍƃĬĪ ljǔƕŴƏĪ ľĪĮ ķĥ ƎƍƀŷƄƤƉ ĝƢƉŤƌĭ ƈƃƦƐƌĪ ƎƍſűƖƉ ƎƐŷƊƆĭ ƎƉ ƎſĪ ŧƢſƞŨ .ƈƃƦƐƌĪ ťſŤƘĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ĜťƉűƌ ljĭĬ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĭ ƎƀƍƀźƟ ñ IJĬñ ƅſĥ ĜƈſĥŴƍƊƕĪ ŦŁŴſűŶ ųſƻĥ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪĪ .ŦƦƇƉ ŧĿƢƣ ƎƉ ĸĭƢƙƿ ñ ñ ƻĥĪ ƥƌDŽƃƦƐƌĪ ñ ĖųíƇſĪ ŧƢŬƘ ŁŴƆ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƤƙƍƆĭ ųíƆ ŦƦƇƉĪ IJĬñ ĝŧĿƢƤŨĪ Ŧƻųƭĭ ŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ƈƀƃĬ ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌ ƎƉĪ IJĬñ ťƍƄſĥ ĜƎſĪĥĽ ƦŷƌŁĥ űƃ ŧĪĬĭ ĝűũƕ õ ŦŁĭƢƉĪƦŨ ŦųƭĪ ò ñ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ƎſǓŁĪ Ʀƌĥ ƢũƐƉĭ ĝŦƼƍƀŶĥ ŦŁŴƙƀƠƌ ųſƻĥĪ ĝƦƌĥ ŦƼƉ ŦĮƢƃƦƉ ñ ťƍƄſĥ ťŷƀƤƊƆ ƎƍſĪŴƉ Ƨĥ ĝƢƉŤƌĪ ƎƍŶ ƎíſƞƆĥƦƉ ťƀƏĭĥ ŁĭĬõ ŧűŶĪ ĝƦƌĥ ƢƉĥĪ ñ ŦƻƦŶ ťƀƃŴũŶ Ƨĥ Ĝųſƻĥ ƎſƢŶĥ ĶűƉ Ƨĭ ƎſĪ ŧĪĬ .ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ ĭĥ .ƎŨĮ ŧűŶ ñ Ĝųſƻĥ ñ Ʀƌĥ ťƕƦƤƉ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥĪ IJĬĭ ŦǂſƢƏ ƈƀƃĬ ŦŁŴƍƀƖźƉ .ťƀƏĭĥĪ ñ IJĬñ ĝƎƀƖƊƣĪ ƎƀƆųŨ IJĬñ ŦŁŴƀƇſĪĭ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ŧĪĭŁĪ ƎƆ ƦƊƇƣĪ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥĪ ò ñ .ƈſĥŴƍƊƕ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ (107) ƅſĥĪ Ƣƀū Ʀƌĥ ƢũƏ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŷƆĪ ĭĬñ Ƨĥ ĝIJĬĭƻĥ űŶĪ ĝƢƉŤƊƆ ŴŷƄƤƊƆ ƼƆ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥĪ IJĬñ ƎƆ Ʀƌĥ įƢƐƉĭ .ƥƍƄƉ ťƣĪĥò ƁƙƇŷƤƉò ĶűƉ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ ƎƘĥĭ .Ƣũƕñ ò ƈƀƃĬ ķĥ ĖĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏĖ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥĭ ñ ŦŁųƀƉŁ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃ ò ĝťū ŵƊƉ Ƨ ŴſŴƟ ƎſĪ ťƍƄſĥ Ĝŧűŷƃĥ Ŵū ŵƉŁĥ Ƨ ƻƨũƇũƉ Ƨ ťŷƀƤƉ ò ĭűƀŶŁĥĪ ƎſƢƀźƌ űƃ ĝƢŹĥ ŦŁŴũƃƢƉĪ ťƉŴŶŁ ƎſĪ ťƍƄſĥ :ƢƉĥñ ƻŤƉŴƍƟ ŧĪűŷíƆ ò Ƨ ŁƢƉĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ ò ťū ŵƊƉ ťū ĮŴƉ ƅƇſĪ ƨƉò ƅſĥ ƎŨŵŨ ŧűŶ Ƣƀū ŴƍƉ õ Ėťƍƀƃ õ ƎƉ Ʀƌĥ ƨƃƦƉ Ƨ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥĭ ĝƎƄſĥĪ Ƣƀū ƦƌǃŤƤƉ űƃ .ƨũƆŴŨ ƧĪ ò ťū ĮŴƉ ŴƆĪ ĜťƊƀƄŶ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƊūƦƘ ťƍƙƉ ħĭŁ ĜťƄƣŴƘ Ƨĥ ťƍƀƃĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƉŴƍƟĭ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ƁƇƉƦƣĥ ųƍƉĪ ťũƃĭĿ IJŴƟ ŦĭĬõ űƃĭ .ŦĭĬõ ťũƃĭĿ .ƢƐũƉĪ

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Ƣƀū ŴƆ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ĸŴƐƍƟŴƏ ŁŴƆĪ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨ Ƣƀū ħǁ õ ò ƈƕ ťũƃĭƢŨĪ ƎƀƇſDŽƕ Ļĥ Ƨĥ ĜŧĿƢƤŨ űŶ ƢƉĥƦƉ ĪŴŷƇŨ ťƍƀƄŨ ƁźƀƤƘ .ŧƢŬƘĭ ťƤƙƌ ƎƉ ĝťƤƌĥ ƢŨĪ ljƢƕŴƏ IJĬĭƻĥĪ .ƎƄſĥ ƅſĥĪ .ĭŁĥ ŧűŷƃĥ ò ŴƆĭ ĜƎƃĬ ƅſĥĪĪ ƎƀƆĬ ťƣĪĥò Ƣƀū ƁƙƇŷƤƉò ò ťƍƀƃ ƁſŴƣ ĭűƀŶŁĥ űƃ .ŧĪűŶĪ ò ĭĬ ƎƘĥ ĝŴƀƇƊƣ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ĜƎſĪ ťƍƀƄŨĪ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ƻĥ ťũƃĭĿĪ ƨƊŨĪ õ ĭĬõ ķĥĪ ĝƎſƢƉĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀLjƊƉ ƈƀƃĬ ŦŁǔſƻ .ŦŁŴſűŷƆ ŧűŷƃĥ ĭŁĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƨũƆŴŨĪ ťƙƠƌ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ĶűƊǀŨ ĝƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƍƀƃ űŶĪ ñ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ ťū ĮŴƉĭ Ŧĭųƌ Ƨĭ ĜƢƐŶñ Ƣƀū Ƨ .ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƍƀƃ ŪƍūƦƉĭ ƢƐŶĪ ŦĭĬĪõ IJĬĪñ ťƀƇƊƤƉ ťƕĪĭŴƤƆ Ƣƀū ťƠƙƏ .ŪƍūƦƉ (108) ƎſƢƉĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ ŧĿŁĥ ŦĭĬ ŦĭĬñ ĝƎƍƉ ŁĭĬ ƦƟŁƦƣĥ ŧĪĬ Ƣƀū Ŵƭ .ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ƢƉŤƌĪ IJĬñ ĜťƤƌƢŨ ĭĥ ŧĿĽŴŨĪ ljĮ ŴƄſĥ ĜťƙƏŴƉ ƻĥƞƭĪ ƎſĪ ƈźƉ .ķĭųƀƉŴƇźƆ ĶűƉ ñ ĝťƊūƦƘ ƁƌŴƘĭ ƧĥŴƣĪ ƎſĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨĭ ĖŦƦŨŴƍūĪ ĜťŷƀƤƉ ĭĬ űŶĪ ĭųŨ ò ò ĝƨƃŴƐŨ ò ķĭųŨ űƃ ķĭųŨ ŦŁĥñ űƃ .ƢƉĥñ ťƍƃĬ ĜťƍƙƆŴſĪ ŦƻƦŶò ƨƟƦƉĭ ƢƉĥƦƉ ťƣĪĥ űŶĪĭ ťźƀƤƘ ĭĬñ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉĭ ĶűƊǀŨ ŴƆĭ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ ò ħĭŁ ŦŤƀŬƏò ƎƉ ĭĥ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ƎƀƆĬĭ Ƨĥ ĜűŶ ĪŴŷƇŨ ťƣĪĥò ƁƙƇŷƤƉ ñ ųſƻĥ ñ ťƀźƊūƢƙŨĭ ĖƎƀƆųŨ ƎƀƊƀƄŶĪ ķŴƌųíƆ ťƍƃĬĪ ƎſĪ ŧƢƀƙƣ .ƎƀũƃƢƉ ħǁ õ ťƀƉĿĥ ƥƌĥ ŁŴƆ ƢƉĥĪ õ IJĬñ ŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ƈźƉĪ ųƇſĪ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƉĪĭ ĜťŨĥ ŦųƭĪ ŦŁŴƀƉ Ƨ ŧƢƘŴƣ IJĬĭƻĥĪ Ƣƀū ĭĬñ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƎƀƆĬ ƥƌĥ ƎƉ űƃ ŴƆ ĜťƟĿŴƐƆ ųƤƙƌ Ʀŷƌñ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉ ųŨĭ ųƍƉĪ ĭĬñ ĝŦŁŵŶĭ ƎƉñ ljƢƏŴŶ ƧĪĭ .ťƤƌƢŨ ŦĭĬõ ųƇſĪ ťƍƀŨƞŨ ĝťŨĥĪ ťƍƀŨƞŨ Ƨĥ ĝƞƆĥŁĥ ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆ ŦŁŴƤƌĥ ƎſĪ ƈƠƣ õ .ħĮŴƤƉ ųƍƀƃĪ ŧƢƠſĥ ųŨ ťƙƇŷƤƉ Ƨĭ ĜƢƊŬƆ ťƍƀƃ űƃ ĝűŷƆ ŧűŷƃĥ ĭŁĥĭ ŴŹĬĿĪ ĝŧƢŨ ƈƃƦƐƉ õ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ űŶĭ ĝƻŤƌƢŨűƉ ñ ĜŴƿƦƐƊƆ ƼƆĪ ƅſĥĭ ƻŤƍƠƤƘƦƉ Ƨĭ ƻŤƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ĜťƀƤƌĥĭ ťſųƭ ĖŴũƃĿŁĥ ŦŁŴſűŷƆ ò ò ƎƉ ĵųƆĪ IJĬñ .ƦƖƊƣ ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮĪ ťƍƄſĥ ťũƃĭƢƆ ųƆ ƻDŽƀƃĬ űƃ .ljƢƏŴŶĪ ƨũƆŴŨĭ ťū ĮŴƉ ŁŴƆ Ʀƌĥ İĬĿñ ťƍƊƆ .ƨíƇƉƦƉ ƧĪĭ ŦƦƇƉ ñ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁŴſűŶ Ƣƀū ķĥ .ƨíƇƉƦƉ ƧĪ IJĬñ ƻŤƀƇūĪ ųƆ Ʀƌĥ ħųſĭ ò ĝƎƀū ŵƉƦƉĪ ťƊƣŴŬƆ ƦƤŶ õ IJĬõ űƃ IJĬõ ĝŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƉĭ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉĪ

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ĭĥ ĝƻŤƍƟĪƦƐƉ (109) Ƨ IJĬĭƻĥ ťŷƀƤƉ űŶ ĭĬñ ķĭųƍƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ķĭųſǓŁĭ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦĭųƌĪ ƎƉ ƥƘĭ ĝƁźƒĥ ųƇſĪ ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ ƎƉ ĝƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ űŶ ŦŵŶñ Ƨ ĜťƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨĭ ƈƀƄƉ ťŷƀũƣĪ IJĬñ IJĬ ťƍƉ ĜŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ƎƉñ ĭĬñ .ljĥ ƢƉĥĪ õ ƅſĥ ĝƢƉŤƌ ķĥ ŦƞſĿŁ ťŷŨŴƣĪ ťƏŴƊƌĪ ĭĬñ ĝĸŴƀƐƌŁĥ ƎſĪ ťŨĿĭ ò džƊƉ ĸŴſƢŬſƢū ƈźƉĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĜťſŤƘĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ĪŤƘ Ƨ ĝŦƻųƭ ñ ŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ųíƆ ŦŴŷƉ űƃ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƊƆ ųƊƤƉ ťũƃĭĿ ĜŦŁŴƍƊſĬ ĖĸŴƀƐƌŁĥĖ .ťƍƃĬ Ƣƀū ħǁ õ .ťũƟŴƕĭ ŦƦŶŴƤƉ ƧĪ IJĬñ ƨƃĪñ űƀŨ ĜŧĿƢƤŨĪ .ƎƀƆĬ Ļĥ ŦŁŴƍƊſĬ ƨíƆ ĜŦŁŴƙƀƠƌ ŧűſŤŨĭ ljĮ ťƍſŤŨĭ ťƍƄſĥĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ĭŁĥĭ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ĜťũƃĭĿĭ ŦŁŴſűŶ ƚƇŶĭ ĜĭĪƦƕ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƉ ƚƇŶ ťſĿŴƊƕĭ .ťƘĭĽǔƘĭ ƎƀƉŴƍƟò ƎſǓŁ ĜťŷƀƤƉ ĺŴƤſ ķƢƉĪ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶ ƚƇŶĭ .ŦƼƤƌĥ Ƨ .ŴƀƕĿŁĥ ťƏŴƊƌ ƎƉ ƢũƆĭ ƻŤſŤƘ Ƨ ŦŁŴƀƖƀŨĿ ĜŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ƚƇŶĭ ťſƢŨ ťƘĭĽƢƘĭ ĜŧƢƉ Ƌƕ ƎƀƍƉ ŧűũƕĭ õ ĜťƤƌƢŨ ƎƀźƇŶ Ŧųƭ ƋƕĪ ĜƎƉñ ƻŤſŤƘ ƎſǓŁ ťƉŴƍƟ űŷƆĪ ĜƎſĪ ťƏŴƊƌ ƎƉ ƢũƆ .ƎƀƊƀƏ ŧűŷƃĥ ťſǔŨ ťƘĭĽƢƘ Ƌƕ ĶűƉ ƈƄŨ ƁƍƐƃĥĪ ĝťƀƖƀŨĿ ťƉŴƍƟ ŦŁŴſƼƆƦƆ ƎƀƇƖƉ űƃ .Ǝſűũƕ ĖŦƦƇƀƇƉò ťŶĭǓ ƎſųƿĪ ŧƢſƞŨĭ ťſƢŶĥĭ .ŦŁƢŶĥ ŦƦŨƢƣĪĭ Ƣƀū ƎƀƆĬ .ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀƉĪĪ Ǝſųſƻĥ ťƍƄſĥ ĜƈƀƃĬ ƎƀƆųƆ ñ ťƉűŨ ķŁŴƃĥ ĻŁĭƦƣĥĭ ĝƎƇſĪ ťũƃĭĿ ƈũƟĪ Ŵŷũƣ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƊƆĪ ĝťƖŨƢƊŨ ƧŴƕ ƈũūŁĥ ĶűƟŴƆĪ ĝƎſƢƉĥ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌ ƅſĥ ŴƆ .ŧƢƐũŨĭ ŧƢƠſĥĭ ťƀƌŴƃ ħųſĭ .ƻŤŶĥ ƢƊƕ (110) ŦŁŴƊŶƢŨĭ ŦŁŴƊŶĿĪ ťŨŴŷŨ ťƍƃĬĭ ĸĭĿĭűſűƆ ŦƼƉ ťƊƀƄŶ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƍƄſĥ IJŵŶĭ õ .ťƊƣ ŁŴſŴƣĪ ŦŁŴſŴƣĭ ŧƢŨĪ ƈƀƃűƕĪ IJƦƉĥ ĜĭĬñ ŧƢƐŨ ƋſƢƉĪ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ űƃ ĖĸĭĿĭűſĪĖ .ƢƉĥñ ŧĪĬĪ ŧǔƐŨ ƎƉ ĶűƉ ŦĭĬ ƚƇŷƤƉ Ƨĭ ĜŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƕĿĥ ƎƉ ĜŦĭĬ ƈƟƦƣĥ Ƨ ķƢƉĭ ťƍƃĬ ĜŧƢƠſDŽƠƣ õ ƎſĪ űƇſŁĥ űƃ ĝŦƞŷŨ ƢƐƕŁĥ IJŴƆĪ Ƣƀū ljŵƃĥ .ljǔŶĥ ŧƢƠſĥ ųƆ ŦĭĬ ƼƆ ĜťƀƏĭĥ IJĬĪĭ õ ĝŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦƦƆĭƦŨĪ ťƏƢƄŨ űƃ ñ ĜťſűƀŷƀƆ ƈũƟĪ ĝŦĭĬõ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƊƆ ťƏŴƌĭ ƋǑĽĥñ ƎſĪ űƃ .ŦŁĭƢŨĪ ųƆ ƑƄƉ űƃ Ļĥ ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ ĖŧƢƠſŤŨ ųŨĭ ĻŁĭƦƣĥĭ ĜťƊƣĪ ŧƢƠſDŽƠƣ õ ò ñ ñ ƦƍŨĪ Ĝljĥ ƢƉĥ ŧĿƼƉ ĭĥ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƢƉĥ įĭƢŨ ƋƀƄŶĭ ljƦƕĭűſ ĭĬñ

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ò Ƨ ƎƆ Ʀƌĥ ťƐū ñ ĜŦƦƙƀíƇſ ñ ƨƟò ƎƉ Ƣƀū ŦĭĬõ .ŦŁĭƢƀƄƤŨ ķųſǔƃ ƁŬƏĪĭ ĜťƖŨƢƉĪ ťƊſŴƟĪ ĭĥ ťƖũƟĪ ťƀƉűƟò ťſǓŴƤŨ ƈƀƃĬ Ƨĥ .ťƤſűƟ ťƊƣŴū ƋſƢƉ ƎƉñ ųŨĪ .ƥƌĥ ŦŵŶñ űŶ Ƨĭ ťƍŨĮĭ ĜťŷƀƤƉĪ ťƊƣŴū ƅſĥ ĜŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƤſűƟ ĖljǔŶĥ ŧǔƐŨĪ ŦŁŴſŴƤŨĭ ŁƢƉĥĪ ƅſĥ ķŴƇƉ ƎſĪ ŦŴūĪ ĝųƇſĪ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƼƆ ĝŦƼƍŶĥ IJĬñ ŧƢƠſŤŨĪ ŦŁŴƙƀƠƌĪ ĝƎƍƀƉĿñ ŧĿƢƣ ƎƉ ƢũƆ ŴƆ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ ƨŨŴƠƆĪ űƃĭ .ŦƼƉŴƍƟ ŦŁŴſűŷƆ ƎƍƀƊŷƙƉ ŦŁĭƢŨĪ ťƊƣ ŁŴſŴƣĭ ŧƢƊƖƉĭ ò ťƤſűƟò ŦŁųŨĥĪ ò ĝƎƍſƢƟñ ťſĿŴƊƕ ƎƉñ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƊƆ ĝƎƍſƢƉĥ ƻĥųƭ ƁLjƊƉĭ űũƕŁƦƉĪ ĝŦųƆƧ ƥƀũƆ ťƤƌƢũƆ ťſĭĬĪñ IJĬñ ĝŦƼƤƌĥ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ƎſĪ ťũƃĭƢƆ ŦŁŴƙƀƠƌ Ƣƀū ƎƉñ ŁŴƆ .ĿƦƕ ťŶĭĿĪ ŦƼŶŴƙƉ ƎƉ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƣĭ ƻĥ ťƉŴƍƟĭ ųƇſĪ (111) ťƘĭĽƢƘ ĜƋƀƟƦƉ ųƆĭ ųƍƉ űƃ ƧŴƖƆ ĝŦŁŴƍƀŶĥĪ ñ ĜųƆ .ŦŵŶƦƉ ųƇſĪ ťƘĭĽƢƙŨĭ ťƉŴƍƠŨ ĜųŨ ƢƊƕĪ õ ĭĬñ ŦƦƇƉ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨĭ ĪŴŷƇŨ ŧƢƏĥƦƉ ťƊƣ ŁŴſŴƤŨĪ ĝťſĭĬñ ťƘĭĽǔƘ ƎſǓŁĪ ŦƼƍƀŶĥ ŦŁŴſűŶĭ ŦŤƘĪĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ťƀƍƀƃ ťũƃĭĿĭ ĝŦƼƉŴƍƟ ŦŁŴſűŶ ƎſĪ ŁŴƆ .ŦŁĭƢŨĪ ŧƢƠſŤŨĭ ñ ƈźƉ ĜŦųƆƧ ƥƙƍƉĪ ŧƢƐũƆ ĜŦƻñ ųƆ ŦĭĬõ ŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁŴſűŷŨ ųŨĪ Ŧųƭ ŁűƇſ ƋſƢƉ ƎƉĭ ĝťƤſűƟ ťŶĭĿ ƎƉ ŪƐƌŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ĝƻŤƌƦƕĭűſ ĜŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĶűƟ ƎƉ ųƆĭ ųƍƉ ƋñƀƟŁĥ Ƨĭ ĝƎŨŵǀŨ ƦƆĭƦŨĭ űƃ ĜƧŴƕ õ ŦĭĬĪõ ĝƎƊſĬƦƉ ƻŤƍƄƘĬƦƉ Ƨĭ ƻŤƍƙƇŶƦƤƉ Ƨ ŦƦƇƉ ĭĬõ ñ Ƨĭ .ŦĭĬ ƻĥĪ ƎƉñ ĭĬñ IJŴƟñ ŦƼŨĿƦƆĭ .ƚƇŷƣ ñ ĭĥ ƅƘĬ õ ƈƠƣĪ õ ƎƉñ ĭųíƆ űƇſŁĥ ƻŤŷƀũƣ ťƍƃĬĭ .ƁƍƕŁĥ õ ťƀƇƊƤƉ ťƍźũƆĭ ťƠƙƉĭ ƈƀƇƟ ƈƀƇƠŨĪ ò ĝƼƍƉŁĥ ŦŁųƉŤŨĭ ĝŦƦƆĭƦŨ ŧűƇſ ĿƦŨ Ļĥ ƻŴƟĪ ĝŦƦƤſűƟ ŦƦƆĭƦŨ ƎƉ ò ƎſǓŁĪ įƢƊƌ ƥƌĥ ťƍƄſĥ Ƣƀū ťƃĿĬñ .ŦŁŴƆĭƦŨĪ ŧĿųŨŴƣ ƎƉ ƦƇƙƌ Ǝƀƍƀƃ õ Ƨĭ ò ñ ĝƢƉŤƌ ƎƀƉŴƍƟ ƎſǓŁ ĭĥ ťƍŨĮ .ƁƇƉƦƣĥ ťŷƀƤƉ űŶ ƻŤŷƀũƣ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ĭųíƆ .ķŴƀƇŬƌĭĥĪ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ƅſĥ ŦƦƆĭƦũŨ ŦƦƇƉ Ǝūĥ űƃ ƎƉ Ŧŵŷƌ űŶ Ƨĭ Ƣƀū .ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ųƆ ƻĥ ťƤƙƌĪ ĝųƆ űƀŶŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢŬƘ ĝųƇſĪ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƼƆ ųŨĪ ò IJĬĭƻĥĪ ƢƉĥ űŶ ĜĸŴƀƐƌŁĥ Ŧƻųƭ ƎƀƆųŨ ƋƀƄŶĭ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ Ƨ Ĝƈƃ ƎƉ ŁƢſĬĮ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ŧĪĬ űƀŨĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĜƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƃ ò :ťƊíƇƕ ĶűƟ ųƆ ƻĥ ŦƻĪñ ŦƦƇƉ Ƣƀū ĭĬõ .ĺűƌñ ŦŁŴſűŶĪ ŦŁŴƍƠƐƘƦƉ IJĬĭƻĥ ťźƀƤƘĭ ĝŦŵŶƦƉ ųƇſĪ ťƉŴƍƠŨĭ ĝIJĬĭƻĥ ƋƇƖƆ ťŨĥ Ƌƕ ŧűŷƃĥĭ

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ñ ťŨųſ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƇƉĭ .ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƊŨ ŦĭĬõ ťũƃƢƉ ĜťƀƏĭŤŨ ĜƈƃƦƐƌĪ ųƆĭ ųƍƉ ŴƆĭ ĜƻŤƌƦƕĭűſ ƥƙƍƉĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢƐŨ ƋƀƟŁĥ ŦƦƇƉĪ ĬŁŴƆĪ ŁŴƆĪ ķŴƠƀźƍƙƏĭƢƘ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬ .ƁƇƉƦƣĥ (112) ųƇſĪ ťƉŴƍƠŨ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ƈƄŨ ƋƀƄŶ ƢƉĥñ ĝťƄƇƉñ ƑƀƏĭĪĥŁ ŦųƆƧ ƈŶĪ ñ ò ñ ťŨǂíƆ ŧƢƙƣĪ IJĬ ŦǁĿĭűŨ ĜŧĿƢƣ ŁŴƆ ƎƍƀŶĪƦƉ ŧĿDŽƀƃĬ Ĵĭűƿ ƎƉ űƃ ò ò ò ŦŁųŨĥĪ ŦƦŷũƣƦƆ ƎƍƀƙƠƌ űƃĭ .Ǝƍƀƙſƞſ Ƣƀƙƣ ƁŬƏñ űƃ .ĴĭĿűƌ ťſųƭ ñ ĝűſĭĪĪ ťƕĿĮ ƎƉĪ ĭųíƆ ñ ĝƁƤſĥĪ ŧƢƠƕ ƎƉĪ ĭųíƆ ñ ĝƢƐũŨ ŦŁƦƌĥ ƎƉĪ ĭųíƆ ñ ƅſĥ ťƏŴƊƌ ƎƉ ƈƖƆ ƎƍƉ ƈƖƆĭ ĝťƤƌƢŨ ƅſĥ ƎƊƕ ťƏŴƊƌ ƼŶŁĪ ĭųíƆ ò ñ ĝŦƼƊŨ ƎƊƕĭ ķƦƇźƉĪ ĭųíƆ ñ ĝŦųƭ űũƖƉ ĬƦƇźƉ ƎƍƉ ƈƖƆĪ ĭųíƆ ò ťƀŶ ò ƎƉ ƦƊƀŷƣ ŦŁŴƤƌƧ Ƨĭ .ƎƍƀƍƊſųƉ ŧĿƢƤŨ ŦųƭĪ IJĬĭƻĥ ŧƢŨĪ ĜťƀŶĭ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ĝƎƍƀŷƇƤƉ ñ ŦŁŴƤƌĥ ƎƉ ŦƦƇƊƆ Ƨĭ ĜƎƍŶ Ǝſűũƕ ŦŁĭųƭ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ĜƎƍſĪŴƉ ŧƢŨ ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬĭ õ űŶ Ƨĥ .ŦƼƍƠƤƘƦƉ Ƨĭ ŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ ŦŁŴſűŷŨĪ ƎſĪ ťƖſűſ .IJŵŶŁĥ ƻŤƌƢƉĥƦƉ Ƨ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ĜĶűƉ űŶ ƎƀƌǔƕŴƏ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ųŨ ħĭŁ ƈƖƆĭ ĖťƍƀƃĪ ťƙƇŶŴƤŨ ŴƆĭ Ĝƈƃ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ IJĬñ ñ ljŵŨ ĝIJĬĭƻĥ ƋƇƕ ƎƉ ĬűƇſĪ ĭĬñ ƋƕĪ Ƣƀū ĭĬñ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ ƢƉĥñ ťƉĪĪ ƎƉ ĺƢƣõĪ ŴƆ ĜťƤƌĥ ƢŨĪ ťƍƀƄƆ ƦŷƌĪ ƈźƉ ĜŧƢŨ ƎƀƊƇƕ ƈƃ ĶűƟ ƎƉĭ Ļĥ ŦĭĬĪõ ƈƃƦƐƉ õ ƻŤƟĪĮ ĜŦŁŴƤƌĥ ƎſĪ ƈƠƣ õ ĜŦųƭ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦĭųƌĪ IJĬñ ŪƐƌŁĥĪ õ ĭĬñ ƎſĪ IJĬĭƻĥ ĝĬŁŴƤƌŤŨĪ ĭĬñ ųƆ ƻĥ ƨŹĪ ĬűƇſĭ ĜűſĭĪĪ ťƕĿĮ ƎƉ ĻĥĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ :ĬŁŴƆ ŪƀƤŶ űŷƃĥ ķŴū űŨ ĜŧĿƢƤŨ ųƇſĪ Ƨĥ .ųƆ ťſƢƃŴƌ ŴƆ ò ƧĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ Ƣƀū ƎƉñ ĵĮƢƖƉ .ƥƌĥ ŦŵŶñ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťũƃĭĿ ťƤƙƌ .ťƍƀƄŨ ƎƀƉĪ ĖƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ƈƃƦƐƉ ťƤƌĥ ƢŨ űŶ ƈƀƃĬ Ƨĥ .ŧƢŬƘĭ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ ĝƦƌĥ įƢƐƉ ƦŶƦƆĭ ƈƖƆ ťū ĮŴƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ƎſĪ ƈźƉ (113) ò džƊƉ ĸŴſĿŴŬſƢŬƆ ŧƢƀƉĥĪ ŦŁŴſűŶ ƋƀƠƌĪ ťƖŨñ űƃ ĭĬõ ĻĥĪ ĺĪ ĜŦƻųƭ Ƨ ƢƊŬƆ ťƍźƆŴŶĪ ĭĥ ťƀƃŴũŶĪ ĸŴƍſűƍƟ ƎƉ űƃ ĜŦƦƇƊŨ ŸƤŶŁĥ ŦƼƤſĿ ò ŁŴƆ ŀűū űƖƉĪ ĭĬñ ĝƈŶĪ ò ťũƀŹǓ ťƊƣŴū Ƨ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ĶűƉĪ .ŧűƀƣĥĭ ñ ťƙƇŶŴƣĭ ĜƗƤƿ ƎſĪ ŦŴƠƉ .Ŧųƭ ŦŴƠƉĪ ťƊƃ ĝŦŁĭųƭĪ ťƍƀƄƆ ŀűū .ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟĪ ŦƼƍƙƇƉ ƨƟ ŁƢũƆ ŧĪųŨ Ļĥ ƗƊƣĭ õ .ťƍƕƦƉ Ƨ ƥŷƌõ ò .ťƍƃĬ ƨƠƣñ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ IJĬŴƘĪŴū ƈũƟŴƆĪ ťƀƉűƟ ťƐƉŴźŨĪ

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ò ƎƉ ƎƀƤƌĥ ò Ļĥ ŴƊƏ ťū ĮŴƉĪ Ƣƀū ťƊƣ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ ƈźƉ .ťƤſűƟò ŦŁųŨĥ ñ ƎſĪ ťƐƄźŨĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝŀűū ñ ĶűƉ ƨũƆŴŨĪ ƢŨƦƐƌ ñ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥĪ õ ƧĪ ƦƌDŽŶĪĪ ò ťƍƃĬ Ƣƀū ŴƆ .ŦƦƇŶĪ ƎƉ ƅƆ ljĥ ŦƞƙƉ ĜŧĪűŶ Ƌƕ Ǝƀū ŵƉƦƉĪ ťũƀŹǓĪ ťƍƖŹ ƈƠƣ õ ķĭųƆ ƻĥ űƃ ĜŦƦƇƊŨ ƎſĪ ƎƀŷƤŶƦƉ .ťƄſĥ ƎƉ .ŴƀƕĿŁĥ ƧĪ ŦŁŴſűŷŨ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ƎſĪ ĭűƀŶŁĥĪ .ĭŁĥ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ĝŦƼƤſĿ ŦŁŴſűŶ ķŴƕĪŴƌĪ .Ŧųƭ ƎƉĪ ŦƦƇƊƆ ųƇſĪ ŧƢƐŨ ƻŤƍƙƇŶƦƤƉ Ƨ ųƆ ƻĥĭ ĜťƟĪƦƐƉ ŪƠƖƉ ƁŬƏñ ŴƆĪ ĜŦųƭ ƎƉ Ÿƀƙƌ ťſųƭ ťŨǂƆ ųƆ Ļĥ ƎſĪ ƎƍƀŷƄƤƉ ñ ĶŤƏ .ŦƦƇƊƆ ƈƀƃĬ ħǁ õ .ƻŤƊƀŷƣĭ ŦƦŷƤŷŨĪ ƅſĥ ķŴƇƉ ƎſĪ ųíƆ ò ò ĝťƖƊƣĪ ŦƦƇƉ ķŴƌĥ ŁĿŁĭĥ Ƨ Ƨĥ ĜƎƀƤƌDŽźƉ Ŧƻųƭ džƊƉ ĸŴƆŴƘ ñ ĭĭĬ ƎſűſƦƕ Ƣƀū ŧĿĥ .ŴƖƊƣĪ ķŴƌĬñ Ƌƕ ŦŁŴƍƊſųŨ ĭĭĬ ƎƀŬſŵƉ ƧĪ ķŴƌųíƆ ò ò ĶűƉ ƨũƆŴŨĭ ĝťƀƊŨ ŧƢƊŶ ĻĥĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝŧĪűŶ Ƌƕ ķŴū ŵƉƦƌ ťſŴƣ ljŵŨĪ ò ťƉŴƍƟĪò (114) ķŴƇƉ ĭĥ ĜŦƦƇƉ ķĭĬƦƇźƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĝķŴƤŷƌ ŧĪűŷŨĪ ò ƑƀƐƃƢƙŨ ťũſǁĪ IJĬñ ƅſĥ ĝťƤƙƍŨ ķĭűƀŶƦƌĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ ťƊƕĪĪ ĝťƤſűƟò ťŷƀƇƣĪ ñ ŴƆĭ ŧĿƢƣ ųſƻĥ ŧĪĬĪ ljĥ ƢũƐƉ Ƨĥ .ŧűŶ ťƤƙƌĭ ťũƆ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ĝŴƍƊſĬĪ ò ƎƉ ƢũƆ .IJĬñ ljĭĬ ƁŬƏñ Ƣƀū ĭĬ ŧƢſĬĮ ĜIJĭĬ õ ƎƀƆĬ ƈƕĪ ƈƀƃĬ ƨŶĪ ĖťƤſűƟĪò ò űƃ ĝťŷƌĪ ƼŨ ƈƕĪ ĭĬñ ƎƉñ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĜŦƻųƭ džƊƉ ƎſĪ ĸŴſƢŬſƢūĭ ñ .ƢƉĥõ ƦƖƊƣ õ ťƣĬĪ ƅſĥ ťƍƀƃ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ŦŁŴſűŶĪ ŦŁŴƀƇƖƉ ĝƋƀƠƌĪ ťƖŨ ŧƢƐŨ .ƨŨŴƠƆĪ ƎſŁǓŁ ƎƉ űŶ ĜŦŁŴũƀƐƌ Ƌƕ Ŧųƭ ƎſĪ ơƙƌ õ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ ĭĥ .ŦŁűŶ ťƍźƆŴŷƆ ĭĥ .ųƆĥŁĥ ƎſĪ ljĬ .ųƭ ƎƉñ ljĬ ķĭųƍƉĭ .ťŶĭĿĭ ñ .ŧƢŨƦƉ ťſĭƢŨĭ .ŦĭĬñ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĭĬñ .ťŷƀũƣ ťū ĮŴƊƆ ťƍſƢƕƦƉ Ƨ ĭĬĭ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĖŧƢƐŨĪ ŦŁŴƀũƖƆĭ ŦŁĭųƆƧ ťƕƞƊƉĪ ĝŦƼƕƞƉ ťƤƙƌ űƀŨ .ŧƢƕƦƉ ťƕűƊƉĭ ťƤƙƍƉ ŧƢƐŨ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁŴſűŷƆĪ ĺĪŴƉ űƃ ĝŧƢŨ ƈźƉĪ ťƀƉűƟ ƎſĪ ò ĝŦƞƌñ ŴƍſǓĥ ŁŴƆ űƃ ĝťū ĮŴƉ ŴƆĭ ĺűſñ ťũƃĭĿ ĝŦųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŦǂƉò ƨƉĪ ò ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀŨƢƠƉ Ƨĭ ĝƎƀƠƐƉ ťƊíƇƕ ĶűƟ ƎƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ Ŧƻñ ŁŴƆ ŦƼƌǔŨűƉĭ ñ ĝƢƐŨŁĥĭ ľĿƦƏĥĪ IJųíƆ ñ .ƎƀƆĬ ħǁ õ ĜķƦƇźƉĪ ŦŁŴƄƀƄƉ ƈũƟĭ ťƍƀƄƆĭ ĜŦŁĭųƆƧ ħƢƟñ ƎƉǓ ƢſƻĪ ƎƉñ ƎƀƌĬñ ĜķĭƨƙƟ űŷŨ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ ñ ĭųíƆĭ ĜťũƃƢƊƆ ƎƄƉò ƢſƻĪ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ .ťƊƣŴū ƎƉĭ ťƤŶò ƎƉ ƁƇƖƉĪ

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ñ ĴƦƇźƉĪ ƎƃĿƦŨ .ƥƌƢŨŁĥ ĻĥĪ ƢƉŤƌĪ ŧƢƀƄƣ ƎſĪ Ƨ .ƢƐŨŁĥĭ ľĿƦƏĥ ò ñ ĜťƍƙƆŴſĪ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨ Ʀƌĥ ŧƢƣñ űƃĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ĶƢƉĿŁĥĭ ĜťƙƣĿ ƦŶƦƆĪ IJĬĭ ò .ƎſŵŶƦƉĪ ƎƀƆųŨ ŦŴƟŁ Ƨĭ ĜŦŁĭųƭ Ƌƕ ơƏŁĭ .ŦĭĬŁ ťƉĿ ƢſƻĪ ƚƆĥŁ ťƏŴƊƌ ƎſĪ ťƍƉ ĜťƍƀƃĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƎƉñ ťƍƉ ĺĪŁĭ .ƎƀƌǓƦƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ƌƕ ơƏŁ Ƨĥ ƈƖƆ ĻĥĪ IJƦƉĥ ŦĭĬ (115) ƻĥ ĜťƐŨƦƉ ƅƆ ťƣĬĪ ƎſĪ ljĬ .ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉĪ ƎƉñ ĭĬñ .ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ťũƃƢƉ Ƨ Ļĥĭ ĜťƤƌƢŨ ťƣĬĪ ljĬ .ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ƅƍƉ ĖƈƠƣ õ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƼƆĪ ƎſĪ ťƉ ĭĬñ .IJŴƟ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ƈƀƃĬ ťū ĮŴƉ ŴƆĭ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƊƆ ŦĭĬ ĺűſñ ťũƃĭĿĪ .ƎƍƙƇſ ƻŤƀƇū ŦĬ õ .ŸƤŶŁĥ ŦƼƤſĿ ŦŁŴſűŶĪ ťƊſŴƟ ŁŴƆ ťū ĮŴƉĪ ťƊƤŨĪ Ŧĭųƌ ƎƘĥ .ƨũƆŴŨĭ ò ŦŁŴƖƀƙƤƆĪ ƎƍŶ ƎſűſƦƕ Ƣƀū ķĥ ĝľűũƌñ ťƊƀƇŶ ljĭĬ ŴƆĭ ĝƚƠƌñ ĶűƉ ƨƉĪ ƻĥƢƀŷŨ Ƨ űƃ ƎƍſƢƉĥ .ŧĿųƌƦƉ ƻŤƀƇū IJĬĭǔƉŤƉ ķĭųƿ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ĜųƆĥŁĥ ƎſĪ ljĬ Ĝųƭ ƎƉñ ljĬĪ ƢƉĥĪ õ ƈźƉĪ .ƎƍƀƿƦƐƉ ƻŤƍǀƐƉĭ ŧƢƀƄƣ ƎſĪ Ƨ .ƢƉĥĪ ųƆĥŁĥ ŧƢƐŨĪ õ ƈźƉ ħĭŁĭ .ŦŁĭųƭĪ ťƀƏĭƧ ƅƘĬŁĥĭ õ ĝŦųƭ ŦƦƇƉ ƈƙƌ õ ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ťƀƏĭĥ ŁŴƆĪ ƢũƐƌĭ ťƍƤƌ ĝƥƌƢŨŁĥ ĻĥĪ ƢƉŤƌĪ ò ťƙƇŶŴƤŨ ò ƈƙƌñ Ǝƀũū ò ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ ĭĬ űƃ ĭĬĭ ķŴƌĬñ ĻĥĪ ƈźƉĪ .ťƀƇŨŴƠƏ õ õ ò ò ĝŦƻųƭ džƊƉ ťŨĥ ljĬĪ ƨƊíƆ ƎƀƇƠƐƉ űƃ .ƑſĿŴźƐƌĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀƕĿƦƉĪ ƼŨĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨĪ IJĬñ ƎƀŶƢƐƉ .ƎſĿűŶ ƎſųƍƉ ķĭųƆŴƕĪ ŦŁĭƢūŤƍƏĪ ƎſƢũƐƉĭ .ťƤƌƢŨ ƅſĥ Ƨĥ .ƎƉñ ĿĪƦƣĥ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ .ťƍƃĬ ťƊƀƏ ŧűƇſ ƼŨĪ ĭĥ ťŷƌĪ ñ ĪĿƦƏĥĭ ñ IJĬĽĭ Ǝƙƃĭ ťƏŴƊƍŨ ƗƉĪĭ õ IJƧ ĻĥĪ ƈźƉ .IJĬĭƻĥ Ƣƀū ťƙƀƙƕ ĖťƊƣŴūĪ ò ò ò ƢƉĥñ ťƉŴƍƠŨĭ ťƍƀƄŨ ťƙƀƙƕ ĝŦŤƊŹ ƎƀƆĬ ƅſĥ ŴƆĪ ĝƎƍƀƕűſ űƃ ƎƍŶ Ƨĥ ĺűſñ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ Ƣƀū űŶ .ťƤſűƟ ťŨĥ ljĬĪ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁĪ ťƉŴƉ ƎƍſĿƦƏ ĜŧƢũƆ .ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ľƢƕñ Ƨĥ .ŧĪŴƉ Ƨ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌ ĻĥĪ IJĬñ .ƥƌƢŨŁĥĪ ŦųƆƧ ñ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƃĭ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶĪ ŦƼƍƀƇƊƤƉĭ ĝťũƃĭĿĪ ŦƼƍƊƀƠƉ ųſƻĥĪ .ƢƉĥñ ťŷƌĪ ƼŨ ƈƕĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ Ƣƀū (116) ųŨ .ƢƐũƉĪ .ƨŨŴƠƆĪ ƎſŁǓŁ ƎƉ űŶ ĜŦŁŴũƀƐƌ Ƌƕ Ŧųƭ ƎſĪ ơƙƌ õ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ ĜŧƢƉĥƦƉĭ ťƕűſƦƉ ųƆĥŁĥĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ ĖųƆĥŁĥ ƎſĪ ljĬ .ųƭ ƎƉñ ljĬ ķĭųƍƉĪ ñ ƅſĥ ĝŦųƆƧ ƻŤƘ ŦƦŶŴũƣƦŨĪ ĵŴźƉ įƞƌŁĥ .ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƊƀƄŶ ƢƉĥĪ

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ñ ơŶĪ ĭĬĭ ñ ĜŧƢƀŷŨ Ƨ ƨƃŴƏ Ƣƀū ljųƆ .ƈƙƌ õ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ťƍƀƄƆ ŴƆĭ .ŧƢƐŨ ò .ťƍƃĬ ƢƉĥ ĸŴƀƌĭűƀƇƟ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨ űƃ .ĸŴſƢŬſƢū Ŧƻųƭ džƊƉ ñ ųſƻĥ ŦƼǑƢƕ űƃ ĝƢƉĥñ ŧƢƐŨ ťƣĬ ƋƀƏŁŁĥĪ ƥƌĥ ķĥ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ ñ Ŧŵŷƌ Ƨ ĜťſŁĥ Ļĥ ųſƻĥĭ ŦŁŴũƀƐƌ Ƌƕ ŴƆ Ƨĥ ĝťƊƣŴū ƎƉ ŦŁĭųƭ ŴƆ .ŪƐƌĪ õ ĭĬñ Ƌƕ Ƨĥ ĝťƣĬ ťƊƣŴū Ƣƀū ĭĬ ťƄſĥ .ŦƻŁŤƉĪ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁ ò ŦŁŴƀƍƣ ƅſĥ Ƣƀū ĿĥŤŨ ĭĥ ĝŧƢƕĽ űƀŨ ƢƠſƦƌĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĝƋƀƏŁŁĥ ťƤƊƤŨ ťƀƍƀƍƉĪ .ĶŤƟ ƧĪ ťƟƢŨĪ ťŹĬĿĭ ĝťŷſĿĪ ŦŁĭűƀƣĥĭ ĝƨƟ ŁƢŨĪ ťƍƀƃ ƅƀƆ IJĿƦƣĥĭ űƣĥŁĥ ñ ųſƻĥ ñ .ĭƢƟĪĪ ƎſĪ ťƄſĥ õ ķŴƌĬñ ƎƉ ŦŵŶƦƉĪ ĭĥ ĝŦƦƊƀƟ ĿƦŨ ƥƤūŁĥĪ IJĬĭ ñ ñ ñ ƅſĥ ĜťƊƣŴū Ƌƕ ƎƉõ ŦŁĥ Ƨĥ .IJĬ ŦƼƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ųíƆĭ ųƍƉ Ƣƀū ŦŁĭųƭ ò ĝIJŴŶŁĥ ĭĥ ĝŧĿŴźŨ ŧűƀƊíƆƦƆ IJŵŶŁĥĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĜƎſĪ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ .ƁƇſĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƅſĥ .ťƤƊƣ ƅſĥ ŧĿŴźŨ ųƘĭĽƢƘ Ƣƀū ŭƆĮĥ ĖŦŁŴƌƢƐũƆ ŦŁĭųƭ ťƀƃĮ űƃ ò .ķŴƀƇŬƌĭƧ ƎƍƀƖƊƣĪ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ŴƆ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ .ŧĿĬŴƌ ƅſĥ ŧǓŴŶ ĭĭĬõ IJĬŴƌŤƉĭ Ƣƀū ťƍƄſĥ .ŦųƆƧ ŦŤƘĪ ťŷŨŴƣĪ ŦŁĭŤƀŬƏĭ ŦƦŷſƞƌ Ƨĥ .ŦĭĬŁ Ƨ .ķŵƉǓ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ťƍſŵŶƦƉ ƎƉ ƢƟĪŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢƐŨ űƃ ĝĭƢƟĪĪ ķŴƌĬñ ƎƉ ŦŵŶƦƌĪ ŦĭĬ űſƦƕ .ťƍſŵŶƦƉ ƨíƆ ƚƇŶƦƣĥ ò ŁŴƆĪ (117) ŦƼƉűƟ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ĝŦƻųƭ džƊƉ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟĭ ŧĪĬ ĝŦŁĭƢƀƄƣĪ ŦƦƇƊŨ Ƣƀū IJĬ ťſŴƣ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ħǁ õ ĸŴƐƍƟŴƏ ñ ĝŦŁĭųƭĪ ťƍƀƄƆ ťƊƣŴū ƅƘĬŁĥĪ ƢƉŤƌĪ ťƍƀƄƆ ŦƦƇƉ ƅƘĬŁĥĪ ŦŁƢŶĥ IJĬĭ ñ ƼƆ ŧĪųƆĪ Ƣƀū ljŵƃĥ .ŧƢƐŨĪ Ƨĭ Ƣƀū ťƍƄƘĬƦƉ Ƨ ĝťƏĿŴƘ ųíƆ ñ ñ ťƍƃĬ .IJĬĭƻĥ ťƍƙƇŶƦƤƉ ĝƎƃǓĪƦƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ Ƣƀū ųſƼƆ .ŦŁƢŶĥ IJĬĭ ƎſĪ ŦƻƢŨ .ŦƻǔŨ ƎƉ ĶűƉ ƅƘĬƦƌĪ ŸƄƤƌĪ ťƍƀƄƆ ĭĥ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ťƀƏĭƧĪ ĻĥĪ ƈźƉ .ťŷƀƤƉĪ ĬƢŬƘ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ƎƉñ ťſųƭ ƎſűƉ .ŧƢƐŨ Ļĥ .ťƤſűƟ .ťƍƇũŶƦƉ Ƨ .džƉƦƉ ƧĪ ťŷŨŴƤŨ įƞƍƉĭ ĜŦųƭĪ IJĬĭƻĥ ŧƢŬƘ ò ƎƉ ƥƌĥ Ƨĭ ĜŦŁĭųƭĪ ťƍƀƄƆ ƎſĪ ƅƘĬŁĥĪ .ťƀŶ ò űũƖƉñ ĭĥ ƁƕĿŁĥ ťƤſűƟò ŦŁųŨĥ õ ĖƎƍŶ ƎƀƊƀƏ ťƍƃĬ ƎƍŶ Ƨ Ļĥ .ƢƉĥõ ò ĭƢƉĥ ƎſĪ ťƙƀƙƕĭ ñ .ťŷƀƤƉ ƈƕĪ ťſĿĭĥŁ ųſƻĥ ŦƦƙƀƙƕĪ ƈźƉ ĜŦŁųŨĥ ò ŧĪĬĭ .ĬƦƇźƉ Ǝũſǁ ƻĥųƭ ŁŴſŤƘ ƎƉñ ƎƀƆĬ .ƻŤƤƌĥ ƎƉñ ƎƀƆĬĭ ĝŧĪĿñ ƻĥƻƦŶ ĶűƊǀŨĪ ĭĬñ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƊƀƄŶ ĝIJƻĥ ĸŴƀƐƌŁĥ ťƤſűƠƆ

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ñ ťƍƃĬ ƻŤƍƙƇƉĪ ťſǔſĪ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ťƍƀŨĽ ĖĸŴƀƐƌŁĥĪ ƎƉĖ .ƈƠƣ ò ťƍƄſĥ ĝťſųƭ ťŨǁĪ ťƍƟŴſĭ ƈƀƃĬ ò ťƙƀƙƕĪ .ĭĬ ljĬ ĜƎƌƢƉĥ ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮĪ ŦĭĬõ IJĬĭƻĥ Ŧųƭ ƗƤƿ űƃ .ƎƟĭƢƘ ƈźƉĪ ťƍƙƆŴſ ųŨ IJĬĭƻĥ ķƦƇźƉ ŦŁƢŷƆĭ .ťŨĥĪ ŦƦƊƄŶĭ ĜťŷƉĽĭ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦƦƇƉĭ .ŧƢŨ IJĬĭƻĥĭ ĭĬõ ĻĥĪ IJĬñ ĖŦųƭ ŁűƇſ ƋſƢƉ ŦƦƆĭƦŨ ƎƉ ŪƐƌ õ ŧƢƐŨ űƃ ĜŦĭĬõ ťƤƌƢŨ ñ ťŶĭƢŨ ơƙƌ űƃ ĝťźſĿĭĪĥŁ ƎƉ ŦĭĬĪõ ĜťƖŨĿĥĪ ķĭƨƙƟ ƈũƟŴƆĪ ƧĪŴƕ ŁŴƆ ñ (118) ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ƎſĪ ŧĿƼƉĪ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ħǁñ Ƣƀƙƣ ƁŬƏĭ ò ĝťƍƙƆŴƀŨ ò ƨƟò ƦƍŨĪ ƈƃƦƐƉĪ ķŴƇƉ ljƢŶĥ ťƘĭĽƢƙƆ ŴƆ ĜƋƀƐƌ ŦƼƤƌĥ õ Ƨĥ .ķĭƢƉŤƌĪ ŧűƀƕ ķĭųƆ ƻĥĪ ƅſĥ ŧűũƕĪ õ ŦŁŴƉűƆ ĝŧƢŨ ŦƦƍƊŨĭ ƻŤƍƇſĪ ŧűŷƃĥ Ŧųƭ IJĬĭƻĥ űƃĪ Ƣƀū ŦĭĬ ľĪĮ .ĵƦƌ ĬŁŴƤƌĥĪ ŦƦŶŴƤƊƆ ķŴƇƉ ĖŧĪƢƌ ƨƉò ƎſųſŁǓŁ űƀŨĪ :ťƤƌƢŨĭ ò Ʀƌĥ ŦŵŶñ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƙƀƙƕ ťŷƀƤƉ ĭĬõ ŴƆĭ ĝťƙƀƙƕ ťƣĪĥ IJĬĭƻĥ ƨƉĪĪ ò ĭĥ ťƍƀƄŨ ò ƎſǓŁĪ ťƐƉŴźŨ ƈƀƃĬ ťƃĿĬ ƎƉ .ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ űŶ Ƨĥ ĝťƉŴƍƠŨ ò ñ ơƐƘ ųƿ ƈƃ .ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ ťƘĪŴū ƈũƟŴƆĪ űƃ .ťƙƀƙƕ ƢƉŤƌĪ IJųíƆ ŴƆ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ĿŴƄƐƌ ƎƀŬƇƙƉĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ ŦŁŴƍƇƖƉ ƈƃĪ ťŨĽ õ ƈźƉ ĝķŁŴƃĥ ťƤƌƢŨ ơƙƌĭ õ ťŨĥ Ŧųƭ ƎƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƈƠƣ õ ŧƢƐŨĪ ƈźƉ ĝŧƢƐŨ ƎƉ Ƣźƒ ŴƆĭ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƣƀū űŶ .ťƙƀƙƕ Ļĥ ųƉƦƤƉ ŦƦƇƕ ŧĪĬ ťƤƌƢũƆ ƥƌĥ ķĥĪ Ƣƀū ťƉ ƅſĥ .ťƊƣŴūĭ ŧƢƐŨ ƎƉ Ƣźƒ ųƇſĪ ťƍƀƄŨĪ ĭĬñ ĵŴƕĥ ƻĥƢſƻ ĴĭűŨ ťƤƍƀƍŨò ƎſǓƦŨĪ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ ŴƆ ĝƈźƟõ ķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƙƌ ƎƉ ĺűſƦƌĭ ŀűūŁ ƎƘĥ ĪŴŷƇŨ űŷƆ Ƨĥ ĝƻŤƟĪĮ ĨƢźƟƦƉ ò Ƨĥ ķŴƇƉ IJĬĭƻĥ ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ ŴƆ ťƍƀƄŨĪ ĝĭűƀŶŁĥ ŧĪűŷíƆĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĝŧƢŬƘĭ ñ ľĪĮñ ťŷƀƤƉ ŁŴƆĭ ħĭŁ ťƍƃĬ ĜťƙƇŷƤƉ ťƙƀƙƕ Ƣƀū ŴƆ .ƈƃƦƐƌĪ ŴƆ .ťŨĥĭ Ŧųƭ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ŦƦƇƉ ĝŧƢŨĭ ťſƢƉ IJĬĭĪŴŷƇŨĭ űŶ Ƨĥ .IJĬĭƻĥ ñ ĖŧƢƐŨ ƎƉ Ƣźƒ ƎſĪ IJĬõ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌ ŁŴƆĪ ƦƆŁĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨĭ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨ ĜťŷƀƤƉ IJĬĭĪŴŷƇŨĭ űŶ ĭĬñ ťƙƀƙƕ Ƣƀū IJĬĭƼƆ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƢƉĥñ ŧĪĬ ò ŦƼƍŬƇƘƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŷƆĪ ĝƈƃƦƐƉ ƎƀƌǔƕŴƏ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ ƎƘĥ õ ťƙƇŷƤƉĭ űŶ Ƨĥ ĜķŴƇƉ ťƙƀƙƕ ŴƆĭ .ljĿƦƉ ŧƢŬƘĭ ťƤƙƌ ƎƉĪ ťƤƌƢŨ ĻĥĪ ljŵƃĥ .ŦŁĥõ ĖƎſǓŁ ƎƉ

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ťƍƊƀƠƉĭ ťƍƀƍũƉ ŸƤŶƦƌĪ Ƨĭñ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƠŨĪ ĝƦƌĥ ľĥĪ Ƨ ŧĿĥ (119) ò ò ĭĬ ķĥ ĝťſųƭ ťƍƙƆŴſĪ ƻĥƻƦŶĪ ƎƍŶ ƎſűſƦƕ ťƤſűƟò ŦŁųŨĥĪ ƨƟò ƦƍũŨĪ õ ò ò ƎũſǁĪ ŦƼƌǔŶĥĭ Ƣƀū ŦŁŤƀŬƏ űƃ ĜĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ ťƠƐƘ ŁŴƆ ŀǁƦƌ ò džƊƉ ĸŴſƢŬſƢŬƆ ƁŬƏñ ťŷƀƤƉ űŷƆ ƎƀŬƇƙƉĪ ķŴƌĬñ ƎƉĭ ĝŦƻųƭ ò ƻĥƢſƢƉ ñ ŦƦƕƞƊƆ Ŧƻĥ ƻĭĬ ŸƄƤƉ ĝƎƇƟƦƤƉ ťŨĽñ ƧĪ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ ĜƦƠũƣ ťŶĭƢŨ ơƙƉĭ Ĝťū ĮŴƉ ƎƉ ƻĭĬ ơŶƢƉ Ƣƀū Ƣũƃ .ĴƼƕĿŁ ŀŴŬƣĥ ljĥ .ƎƀƠƙƍƉ ƧĪ ƎƀƆųƆ IJĬĭƻĥ ƨƀƆĪ ŴƆĪ ĭĬñ .ƻĭĬ ťƖŨñ ƎƀƆĬ ƈƕĪ ò ƼƃĪĭ ŦŁƻƦŶ Ļĥ ĜťƍƙƇƉ ƎƉ ƢƉĥŁĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ǝſųƿ ŴũƤŶŁĥĪ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ťƀƉűƟ ťƀũū ĸĭƢźƘ ŧĪĬ Ļĥ ŴƆ ĭĥ .ƎſŵŶƦƉò ťƀƃŴũƆĭ ťƀƆűƕ ƈƃ ƎƉ ò ò ò .ťƍƃĬ ĸŴƆŴƘĪ ŦƦƠƀƊƕĭ ŦƦƐƀũƏ ŦŁǔūĥ ƈźƉ ŦĭĬ ħǁñ ťŷƀƇƣĪ ò Ƨĭ ťƙƀíƇſ ò ťƄƀƊƏ ƧĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĝŴƿƦƐƊƆ ơƐƕĪ ĶűƉ ƻĥ ƎſųŨĪ õ ò .ķĭųƌűŨĥ ŁŴƆ ťƃƢƣĪ ťŨǁ ĻĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ƎƀƆƦƙƉ ñ ĻĥĪ ƈźƉ ƎƀŶƢƐƉĪ ĜŦŵŷƊƆ ƻĥ ťƃŴŹĭĥĪ ŦŁŴƀƖŹĪ ťƍūĥ ŴſƦƣĥĪ ķŴƌųíƆ .ťŷƌĪ ƼŨ ƈƕĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ƢƉĥĪ õ IJĬñ ĝĸŴſƢŬſƢū ťƤſűƟĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƇƉ ķĭųƆ ƎſƢũƏ ĖťũƕƦƉ ŦƦƇƉ ĝƢƐŨƦƉ ŧƢƐŨ ƧĪ ĭĬñ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ ò űƃĭ .ĸŴƇźƒĭƢƠƆ ƎſƢźƟĪ ťƀƉĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĜƁũƕŁĥ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƖſĮò Ƣƀū ñ ñ ƈƕĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨĪ IJĬñ .ƎſƼƉ IJĬñ Ļĥ ųƊſŴƟ ŁŴƆ ĜƁƀƕŴźŨ ƎƀƣǁƦƉ ŧƢƐŨĪ IJĬñ ƎƄƐƉƦƉĭ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ .ťƍƃĬ ŧƢƀƉĥ ŦŁűŶ ťũƤŨűŶ ĜƻŤƖſűſ ƁŬƏñ ƎƀƐƐƃƦƉ Ƨĥ ĖĿƦƖƌ ĭĬĪñ ŦŁŴƍƄƐƊŨ ƎƍŶĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ƗũƟõƦƌ ò ĝŦƻƢŶĥ ljĭĬ ŁĭƢƀƐŶ ƎſųſƢƃĪ ĝƎƀƊŹƢƠƉ ŧǔũƟŴƕ ƅſĥ ŦƼƏŴƇƉĭ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ƢƉĥõ ťƍƙƇƉ ĭĬõ (120) ŪŹ űƃ .ƎƀŨƻ ťŨǁ ŁŴƆ ƻĥĪĭųſĭ IJĬĭƻĥ ƼƣƢŨ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĪ ųƇſĪ ħĭŁĖ .ljĮ ljĬ ŧƢŨ ƈźƉĪ ťƀƉűƟ .ŦƦƇƕõ ƈźƉ ŦĭĬñ ŦŁƢŷƆĭ Ƨĥ .ŦųƭĪ ŦƦƇƕõ Ƣƀū IJĬ ŧűſĥñ .ŦƦƇƕõ ƧĪ ŦĭĬ ñ Ʀƌĥ ťƐũƉ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉĪ Ʀƌĥ .ľƢƘŁŁ ƎſĪ ŧĪĬ õ ljƢƕƞƉ ƦƌĥĪ ĜŁĭĬ ųſƻĥ ĜťƃĿĬ ƎƉ ƦƕűſŁĥ ƈƀƃĬ ƦƉűƟ ĖƦƇũƟ õ ƅƇſĪ ŦŁŴƀũƕĪ ĜŦŁĭųƭ ƈƕ ñ ŧĿƢƤŨĭ ťƀƐźƍƘ ƧĪ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ĜųſƻĥĪ ŧĪĬ .ƎƇſĪ ŦŁŴƀũƕ ƁũƕŁĥĪ ƢƉĥñ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ .ƢƉĥõ Ļĥ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ .ƻŤƉŴƍƟ ųƆ űƀŶ

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ťƍŨĮ ƧĪ ĭĬñ .ƥƤūƦƉ ťƍƤƤūƦƉ Ƨ ĭĬñ .ŦŵŶƦƉ ťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ĭĬñ .ťũƕƦƉ ĖŧƢƤƉ ò ò ñ ŁĭƞſĿŁ Ƌƕ ƎíſƞƌĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ ƎƀƇſĥ .ƋƀƏĥĪ ŁĭĬ ťŷƄƤƉ ŦŁŤƀŬƏ ƨƉ ƁŬƏĭ ò ò .ƎƀƇƕ ŴƍſĮ ƻŤƙƇŷƤƉ ŴƣƦƌñ űƃ ĝťƤſűƟ ŦŁųŨĥĪ ťƊƀƇŶ ťƍƙƆŴſ ĝťŷŨŴƣ ĻĥĪ ƈźƉ .ŦŁŁųŨ ŴũŶĭ ŴƐƐƃŁĥ ķǔƀƉĥ ƎƀƆųƆ ƻŤƀƇƊƤƉĪ ƎƀƌĬò ƎƉĭ ò ƢƉŤƊƆĪ ƅſĥ ƎƀƤƊŶĭ ƎſŁŤƊƆ ťƉűƕ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƍƙƇƉ ŧƢƀŷŨ ƎƉ ŦŁĭĪųƏ ò ò ƎſǓŁĪ ƁƀƕŴŹĪ ŧƢūŤƍƏ ƅſĥ IJĬĭƻĥĭ ĜťŨǁ ŴũƃĿ ťƠƏŴƘ űƃĭ .Ǝƀƍƀƃ ƎƉ ƋƀƣĿĪ ťŨǁĭ .ƎƍŷƇƣ ƁƀƕŴŹ ŁŴƆ ĜŦŁŴƄƇƉ ƦƍſűƊŨ ŧűſĥ Żƣĭĥ Ŧųƭ ĺűſĭ .ƎƍƊƏ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟĪ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò ƎƀƆĬ űƃ .ƎƍſĮ ķĭųƀƇƕ ƑſƦLjƀƘ ťƍƉ .ŦŁŴƇūĪĪ ťƀƉĭĪĭ ťƣĪŴƟĪ ŦĽŴƇŶŁ ťƍſĥĭ ĜŧĿƢƣĪ ƨƀŶ ĭĬ ťƍſĥ ƥƍƿ ò ĻĥĪ ĭųƌĥ ĝťŨĿ ƈƀƃĬ ò ƁƇƊíƆ ò ŴſŴƣĥ ŦƼƍƄƐƉ ñ ƎƀƆĬ .ķŴƠƐƙƌĪ ƎƀƤƌĥ ĜƦƆĬŴƟ ƅſĥ ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆ Ļĥ ƢƉŤƌĪ ƎſĪ ĭĬ ťƍŨĮ .ƅƍƇŶűƌ ƢƊŬƆ Ƨĭñ ƈƀƃĬ ò ƻĥ ťƀƉĪĪ ŦŁŴƠſƢƏ Ƨĥ .ťƤƊƣ ƼŶŁ ťſĭƢƣĭ ŦŁűŶ ĶűƉ ƧĪ ķĭĬŁŴƙſƞƀŨ .ƎſųſƢƃ ŦƼŶĥ ljĭĬ ŁĭƢƀƐŷŨĭ ŧƢƉĥĪ IJĬñ ĜĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟĪ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ IJĬñ ƎƉ ĻĥĪ ƎſĪ ƈźƉ (121) ò ŦƼƇſűŨĪ ò űŷƆ ĝťƤƌƢŨ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ƎƀƆųŨĭ ŦƼƤƌĥ ĝƈſĥŴƍƊƕ ĵŴźƉ űƃĭ ĝťƖŨŁ ŦƼƉűƟ ĴƦŶŴũƣŁĪ ħĭŁ Ʀƌĥ ťƐƍƉ .ŪƃƢƉ ŦƦƕƞƊŨĪ ĶűƉ ò ĝťŨĥ ƢƉĥĪ ñ ťƉĪĪ ĝƦƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ƎƄſĥ ljĥ ĺűſñ Ƨ Ʀƌĥ ơƤƙƉ ŦƼƇſĪò Ƌƕ ťƍƀƃĪ ĜŦƼƇſĪĭ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ťƍƀƃĭ ĝƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ IJĬĭƻĥ ĴĭĪ ƈƃ ƎƉ űŶĭ ĝƚƟĥ ñ ŀƢƘ ťƙƇŶŴƤŨĭ ĝųƊƣ ƻŤƀŬƏ Ƣƀū ĭĬõ űƃ ĝƁŬƏñ ŁƢƉĪŁĥ ĝƢƉĥĭ ò ħĭŁ ŦƼƇſűŨ ò ŦƼƇſĪ ŧűŷƆ ħĭŁ Ʀƌĥ ĜťƤƌƢŨ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ƎƀƆųŨĭ ŦƼƤƌĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ŁĭĬõ ŧűŶ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶĪ ĝƅƆ ŧƢƀƉĥ ƈƖƆĪ IJĬñ ƅſĥ ĜĶűƊƿ Ʀƌĥ ŻƇŶñ ƈƃ ƎƉ .ťƤƌƢŨ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ŦƼƇſĪò Ǝſųſƻĥ Ƣƀū ƎƀƇſĥ .ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ Ļĥ ĭĥ ò ò ŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ƎſųƿĪ ĜťƖſűſ ťƊſűƟ .ŦƼƤƌĥĭ ĶűƉ Ŧƻųƭ ĸĭƢƘ ò ĜŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ ƎſĪ ŦƼƇſĪ .ŦƼƌƦƕĭűſĭ ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ťƤƙƍŨ ƥƙƍƉĪ ƈƘŁĪ IJĬñ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ .ŦŁŴƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨĭ ŦŁŴƍƤƤūƦƉ ƧĪ ljŵƃĥ ƎƉñ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ťƉŴƍƠŨ ĝťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ťƀƏĭŤŨĪ ĭĬñ ŦƦƇƉĪ ƈźƉ Ƨĥ .ŦƦƤŬŨĭ ŦŁŵŷŨ Ūſǁ ĭĬõ .ŦƼƌƦƕĭűſ ųƆ ƻĥ ťƤƙƌĪ ĝťƍſŵŶƦƉ ĭĬñ ŧƢƐũƆ űƀŶŁĥ

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ò ťƉ ƅſĥ .ƥƤūŁĥĭ IJŵŶŁĥĪĭ ò ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ Ƣƀū ťƙƇŶŴƣ .ƎƌƢƉĥ ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮĪ ťƍƀƄŨĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĜŦŁŴſűŶĪ ƎſĪ ŦƦƇƉ .ĶŤƟ ťƍƄƘĬƦƉ Ƨĭ ŦŁƦƐƉ ĜŦƼƍƀƃ ñ ųŨĭ .ķǔƉĥƦƌĪ ťŨųſ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉ ƈźƉ ĜŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪò .ķǔƉĥƦƌĪ Łűũƕ ŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ĜŦƦƇƉĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ťƀƏĭŤŨĪ ŦŁŴƉűŨ õ ƨũƆŴũƆ ħĭŁĭ ĝťƣƢƙƉ ƎƃĬĪ ŦƦƇƊƆ ƎƍƀźƇŶ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƉ (122) űŷƆĪ ĝƢƉĥõ ťƍƙƇƉ ƎſĪ ťƍƄſĥ .Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ŦŁĭĮĭƢƃ ƎƍƀƊƀƠƉ ťƀƃŴũŷƆĭ ŁĭĬ ŧűŶ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶĪ IJĬñ ĝƦƌĥ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ƻƨŨŴƠƏ ĝŪƃƢƉ ŦƦƕƞƊŨĪ ĶűƉ ĝƢƐŨŁĥĪ ŦƦƇƉ IJĬĭƻĥ Ĵĭűƿ ƎƉ űŶ .ħĭŁĭ .ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ Ļĥ ĭĥ ĝťƀƏĭĥ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ ŧűŶĪĭ ĝŦĭĬõ ƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶĪ Ƣƀū ķĥ .ŦƼƇſĪĭ ťƍƀƃĭ ñ ťũƃĭĿ ƎƉ ĜŦŁŴƀƇſĪ ŧűŶĪĭ ĝŁƢƉĥĪ ƅſĥ ĴƢƣñ ĝŦĭųƌ ťźƀƤƘĪ IJųíƆ õ ƅſĥ ñ ťũƃƢƉ ťƣĬĭ ƈƀƃűƕ ĝųƆ ƻĥ ťƍƃĬĪ ĭųíƆĪ ťƊƀƄŶ ƈƄƏĥĭ .ĴƦƇƉ ñ ĝƎƌƢƉĥĪ ljĪĬŴƖŨ Ʀƌĥ ŦƼƉ Ƨĭ ĝŦƼƇſĪ ŧűŶ Ʀƌĥ ŧƢƟñ ƎſĪ ťƍƄſĥ .Ɓƍƃ ƢƉĥĪ ò ƎƉ űŷƿ ƢźƌĪñ ĝķĭƧĪ ťƐƉŴŹ ƎƀƆĬ ťƠƐƙŨĪ ĝĬŁŴƀƇſĪ ŧĿĽŴŨ ƧĪ ťƍƀƃ ò ŦŁŴƍſĿƦŨ ťŷƀƤƉ Ƣƀū ŭƇƙƉ űƃ .ƢƉŤƌĭ ťƕĿƦƌĪ ƎƙƠƌò ĜŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ƎƉ űŷƿ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ƎſĪ űƃ .ŧĪĿ ŦŁĭƢſƞŨ ƧĪ ųƇſĪ ƎƀƆųŨ Ĝťƍƀƃ ťƤſűƟĪ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ƅſĥ IJĬĭƻĥ ƈſĥŴƍƊƕĪ ĵŴźƉ ĜŧĪĭŁƦƉ ƢƐũƉĪ ñ ĜŪƃƢƉ ƻŤŷƀũƣ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ĶűƉ űŷƆĪ ĝĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ŧƢƐũƆ ŦĭĬ ơũƣ ƻĥĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .ųƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ IJƦƉĥ ƻĥ ƥŷƌĪ Ļĥ ĜŦŁŴƌƢŨűƊƆ ŦŤƘĪ ƅſĥ ò ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ŦƼƇſűŨĭ ħĭŁ ŦĭĬ ŸƤŶƦƉĪ ĜĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ťƕĪŴƉ IJƦƉĥ ò ƨíƇūĪ ťƤſĿ ƎƉ ƈƖƆ Ļĥ ŧĪųƇźƉĭ .ŦĭĬ ťŨĽñ ŧĪĬĪ IJƦƉĥ ĝťƤƌĥ ƢŨ .ŦĭĬ ĶŤƟ ťŷƀƇƣò ƈƕ ljĭƼũŨĭ ĜŦĭĬ ĵŤƕ ťƕǓŁ ƎſűƀŶĥ űƃĭ .ŦĭĬ ƅƆųƉ ò Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬ .ŦĭĬ Ƣƙƃñ Ƨ ťƊƣŴū ŦƦƤŬŨĪ ĜŦĭĬ ơũƣ ñ ķŴƣŴŬƌĪĭ ťƃƨƉĭ ò .ĭĭĬ ƎſƢƉĥ ťŷƀƇƤíƆ ƎſŴŷƉ ťƖŨƞŨĪ ƅſĥ űƃ .ťƀƊƤƆ ƻŤƍƊƣŴū ơƇƏ õ űƃ ò ljĬ .ťƀƊƤŨ ķĭƦƌĥ (123) ƎſƢƀŶ űƃ ķĭƦƌĥ ƎƀƊƀƟ ťƍƉ ĜťƀƇƀƇū ŧǔũū ñ IJųƀƌĭƻŵŶĪ ljĮ ljųŨ ĜŦŁĥñ ťƍƃĬ ĜťƀƊƤƆ ķŴƄƍƉ ơƆƦƏĥĪ ĺŴƤſ ĵĮĥĪ ñ ƈƀƃĬ ťƊƣŴū .ťƀƊƤƆ ĜťƃƦƐƉ ŦŵŶƦƌĪĭ IJŵŶŁĥ ťƍƃĬĭ ĝŦŁŵŷŨ ƈƙƌĪ ò ò ĝťƀŷƀƇƣ ťƍƙƆŴƀƆ ƚƠƌñ ĭ ĝŦųƭ ƎƉ ƈŶĪĪ ñ ljĭĬ ųƆ ƻĥĪ ƥƌĥ ťƍƄſĥ .ƢũƐƉ Ŧƻųƭ ťƀƏĭƧ ƅƘĬŁĥĪ

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ñ ĝƎƆ Ʀƌĥ ĵŤƤƉ ťƘŴƇſ ƅſĥ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƈƀƃĬ ƈźƉ ƦƌĪ Ƨ ŧĪĬĪ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥĭ ĝƢƐŨŁĥĪ ŦƦƇƉ ĴĭĪ ƈƃ ƎƉ IJĬĭƻĥ űŶ ķĥĪ ƎſĪ Ʀƌĥ ĵŤƤƉ ĝƅƤƙƍŨ Ļĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ŁĭĬõ ŧűŶ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶĪ ĝƅƍƉ ŁƢƉĥŁĥĪ ƈƖƆĪ IJĬñ ƅſĥ ĝŦƼƇſĪĭ ťƍƀƃĭ IJĬñ ƎƍſƢƉĥ űƃ ĜƻŤƍŨŴŶĭ ƻŤŶĥ ƦƊŶĿ ĜƅŨŴŷƆ ƎƍƀƄƇƉ ĜŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ .ƅŶĿĭĥ űũƕ ųƍƉ ťƠŶĭƢƆ .ĿǁŁ Ƨ .ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ƧŴƕ õ ƎƉ ĿŴƣ .ŦƼŨǁ ò ò Ƣƀū ŦƦŶǓĭĥ ťƤſűƟ Ƣƀū ƢƉĥõ .ƎƀƖſűſ Ƨĭ IJĬŴƇƀũƣ ƎſĪ ƎƀƕĭƢƣ ĜŧĪĿ Ƨ ťƀŶĪ ò ƈũƟŴƆĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƍƀƄƆ Ƣƀū ķĥ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťźƐƀƐƌŴƏ ñ ñ ťƠƍƌĥ ųíƿ ơŶĿĥĪ ĜƈƃƦƐƌĪ ĜŦƦƇƉĪ ŧƢƐŨ ƅƘĬŁĥĪ ƎſƢƉĥ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ĸŴƆŴƘ ƈƄŨ ƋƀƄŶ ťƍƄſĥ ŦĬĭ .ťƤƌĥĪ ĬƢŨ ŦĭųƌĪ ťƖũƌĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ljĮ ƈƄŨ ò ŦųƭĪ ťƀƕƞƉ űŶĭ ĝŦųƭ Ƣƀū űŶ ĝƢƉĥñ ĝťŷƀƤƉ ĺŴƤſ ťƤƌƢŨ ĝťƤƌĥ ƁƍŨĪĭ ñ ĭĬñ Ŧųƭ ƅſĥ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƣƀū ťƀƕƞƉ .ƎƀƙƇŶĪ ťƍƟĿŴƘ ĻŴƇŶŁ ųƤƙƌ ħųſĪ ĿƦŨĭĖ ųŨĭ ųƤƙƌ űƀŨ ĝťŨĥĭ ŦųƆƧ ƎƆ ťƕƢƉĪ .ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ ťƤƌƢŨĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ñ IJĬñ ųƆ ťƊƇƣ ƧĪ ŁĭĬ ųſƻĥ ŴƭĪ ĝƥƌĥ ŧƢŶƦƌ ťƍƄſĥĭ ĖħĭŁ ŦƻǓŴƕĮ ñŦŁĥĪ ťƉ ŧĿĥ ĝƢƉŤƌĪ ŁĭĬ ťƙƠƌĪ ĝķŁŴƃĥ ƈƃƦƐƉĭ ƈƀƃűƕ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦĭųƌĪ õ ñ ƧĪĭ ťƀǑƢƕ ŦŁĥĪ ťƉ ŧĿĥ ķŴƇƉ ŴƆĭ ĝťƕĿĥ ƈƕ ŦŁŴƍƊſĬ ŸƄƤƉ ťƤƌĥĪ ĬƢŨ ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ IJĬŴƇƕ ŸƄƤƌ ťƍƃĬ (124) ƅſĥĪ ŦŁŴƍƊſĬ ĝŦųƭĪ ŦƦƇƉ ŧƢƐŨ ťƍŨŵŨĭ ĝųƤƙƌ ƢƉĥ ťƤƌĥĪ ĬƢŨ ƻĥƢſųƌĭ ƻŤƀƇūĪ ƈźƉ Ƨĥ .ťƕĿĥ ƈƕĪ IJĬĭƻĥ .ŧƢƐũƆ ƎſƢŶĥ ĶűƊƆ ƅƘĬ ƧĪ ŦĭĬñ ťƖſűſ ĜťƀƊƣ ƎƉĪ ŦƻŁŤƉĪ ƧĪ ŧĿĬŴƍŨ ŦŤƘĪĭ ĝĶŴƉ ƧĪĭ ĜťƍƇũŶƦƉ Ƨ ƻĥƢſƻ ťŷũƤƉ ƎſĪ ųƆ ñ ĜťƄſĥ ƎƉ .ŦƼƉűƟ ŦŁŴſŤƘ ŁĭĿŴƕŵŨ ŴƆ .ťƀƊƣ ƎƉ Ƣƀū Ʀŷƌñ ħƢƟƦƉ ò ò ñ Ƨĥ ĖťƤſűƟ ťƃƨƉ Ƌƕ ĜIJĬŴŨĥĪ ŦƦŶŴũƣƦŨ ųŨ ƻĥ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƊƆ Ʀƌĥ ųƊƤƉ ťũƃĭĿ Ļĥ ťƍƄſĥĪ ĜƁŬƏñ ƎſĪ ljĥ ųƀƉŁ Ƣƀū ŧĿĥ .ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ Ļĥ ĭĥ ĝŁĭĬõ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶĪ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ħĭŁĭ ĝťƄſĥ ťƍƄſĥ ĝĴƢƣ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŷƆ ťũƃĭĿ ƎſĪ ƥƘ űƃ ĝťũƃĭĿ ƎƉ ŦŁŴſűŶ ƎƉñ ƻƢƣ ñ ƅſĥĪ ťƘĭĽƢƘ ƈũƟŁ Ƨĭ ĝŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ƢźƌŁŁ ŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ĝƦƌĥ ƢƉĥĪ ò ò ŦĮĥǓ ƁƙƇƉ Ŧųƭ ƁƤƀũƆĭ Ŧųƭ ƎƉ Ÿƀƙƌ ťŨǂƆĭ ƦƖƊƣ õ Ƨĥ ĜŧƢſƻ ƎƉŁ ƎƉ Ʀŷƌõ ĶűƟŴƆĪ ĭĬñ .ťƀƊƤƆ ŦƦƇƉ ơƇƏĪ ĭƢƉĥ ťƊƤŬƉĪ .ťƤſűƟò ƻŤŷƀũƣĪĭ ĝIJĬĭƻĥ ťũƃƢƉĪĭ ĝĵŴƖƌĪ ƈũƟ ťƟĿŴƐƆ űƃ ĝťƊƣŴū ƧĪ

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ò ƎſųŨ ò ƻŤƙƇŷƤƉ Ƣƀū ƎƀƆĬ .ŪƃƢƉ ò ťƣĬĪ ƎƀƆųŨ ĜƨƊŨ ñ IJŁĥ .ƎƆ Ŵƙƭ ĝƁƇƊƤƉ ųƇſĪ ťƉŴƍƠŨĪ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ĝƎſĭĬ ƎſƢƉĥ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌ ƅſĥ Ƣƀū Ŵƭ ŦƦƇŶĪ IJĭĬ ƎƀƌǓƦƉ Ƣƀƙƣ ĜŦƦƇƊƆ ƚƠƌñ ƻŤƊŶĿ ĪŴŷƇŨĭ ŧƢƠſŤŨ .ťƤƌƢũŨĪ ŦųƆƧ ŧĪŴƌ ĖĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĖ .ĴĭűŨ ƢƉĥñ ŦŤƊŹ Ƣƀū ĭĬñ .ŦŁŴƀƖƀŨĿĪ ƈƃ űƀŶĥ Ŧųƭ Ƌƕ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁŴƙƀƠƍŨĪ ĭĬñ ťƤƌĥ ƢũƆ ĪŴŬƐƌĭ ƎƉ ƢƉĥƦƉĭ ŧĪĭŁƦƉ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶĪ ƎſĪ ƈźƉ ĖűūƦƐƉ ŦƦƇƉ ƎƘĥ ĜŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ťſŴƠƉ ĜŦųƭ ƦƇŶĪ ƎƉ ƎƀŨƢƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉñ ƼƉűƟĪ ĭĬñ ƢƐũƉ űƃĭ űŶ ťƉŴƍƠŨ IJĬĭƻĥĭ ĝƥƌƢŨŁĥĭ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ Ƨĭ ƻŤŷƀũƣ ťƕűƊƉĭ ťƤƙƍƉ ŧƢƐŨ ŁŴƆ (125) ĜƎſĪ ťƣĬ ĜťźƀƤƘ ťŨĥ ŦųƆƧĭ .ƨũƆŴŨ ƧĪ ŦŴƠƉĭ .ƎſǓƦƆ ŭƇƙƉ Ƨĭ ŪƃƢƉ ƻŤƌƢƉĥƦƉ .ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ ťƍƀƃ ƢŨ ƎƆĭ ŧƢƙƣĪ IJĬñ Ʀƌĥ ĪƦƖƉ ųƍƉ ľƢƖƊƆ ƼƆĪĭ ŦŵſĿĮ ĶűƉĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ħĭŁ Ƨĥ džƊƉ ĸŴſƢŬſƢū ĝŦƦƕƞƊƆ Ʀƌĥ ŦƼƉ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣĪ ťƊƣ Ļĥ .ƅƆ ò ò ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ .Ŧƻųƭ ƢũƐƉĭ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ŁŴƆ ƢƉĥñ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ťſƼƉ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ŁŴƆ ŧĪĬĪ Ʀƌĥ ƎƙƇŷƤƉ .IJĬĭƻĥ ƻĥƢƀƐŶ Ƨĭ ƻƨũƇũƉ Ƨ ťŷƀƤƉ űŶ ƎſųƍƉĪ ĝŦŁŴƤƌĥĭ ŦŁĭųƭ ŁŴƆ ĜŧűŷƃĥĪ Ƣƀū ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ .ŧĿƢƤƆ ƻĥ ťƍƃĬ ŴƆĪ ĜƈƀƃĬ ĺĪ ò ñ .Ŧƻųƭ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƊƀƄŶ ƎƉñ ųƊƤƉĪ ĭųíƆ džƊƉ ųƊƣ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ťƤƙƍƆ Ļĥ ƻĥĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥĪ IJĬñ ŦƼƉŴƍƟ ŦŁŴſűŶĭ ĝŧűŶ ƅſĥĪ ťƀƍƀƃ ťſŁŤƉ ñ ñ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶĪ ŧűŷƃĥ ųſƻĥ ŦƼƍƀƇƊƤƉĪ ĝųíƇſĪ ŧƢƐŨ ŁŴƆ ķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ŧűŶ ƈƕ Ļĥ ĜŦƻĪŴƊƖƉ ƈƕĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĜŦƦƇƊŨ ƎſĪ ŸƤŶŁĥ .ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ .ťƍƃĬ ħǁĪ .ŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁŴſƼƆƦŨ ťſŵŶƦƉĪ ŦŁĭųƭĭ ťƀƏĭĥ õ ƈƖƆ Ƨĥ ĖťƘŴƏ ƧĪ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ ĜĻŴƏ ƧĪ ŦƦƆŁĪ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ ŁŴƆĪ ťŷƄƤƉ ƧĪ IJĬñ .ƎƀƉŴƍƟò ŦƦƆŁĪ ťƍƀƃ ŁŴſŴƤƆ ĜŧƢƟ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ ñ ljŵŨ ųŨ űƃ ųŨ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ƈƃ ĜƢƀū ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŁŴƆ .ƈƃƦƐƌ ñ űƃ IJĬĭ õ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎſĪ ŧűŶ .ħǁ ųƇſĪ ťƘĭĽƢƘĭ ĜƋƀƟƦƉ ųƆĭ ųƍƉ ťƉŴƍƟ .ŧƢƟ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ ĻĥĪ IJųñíƆ ĝƻŤƍƐƍū ťƕűſƦƉĪ IJĬñ ƅſĥ .ťƍƀƃĪ IJĬõ ĝƈƃƦƐƉ ťƍƃĬ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƤƆ (126) ƥƌĥ ƨƘĥĭ ĜŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ƎſĪ ŁŴƆ

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.ķĭųſǓŁĪ ƻĥ ŦĭĬŁ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎſĪ ŧűŶ ĝķŴƣƢƘƦƌ ƎſǓƦƆ ƎƉñ ťƉŴƍƟĪò ťƍƄſĥ ŁŴƆĪ ŧƢƐŨĪ ťƍƀƃ ŁŴſŴƣĪ ljĮ ƎƉĭ ĜŦŁŴƀƖƀŨĿ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ťŷƃƦƤƉ ħĭŁ Ƨĥĭ ƁƀƌǔŶĥĪ ťũƃĭĿ ƎƉĪ ŦŁŴſűŶ Ƣƀū ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ŁŴƆĪ .ŧĿƻ ĶűƉ Ƨĭ ĜŦƦƇƉ ò ŴƆĭ ťƣĪĥò ò ťƍƀƃ ƁƍŨĪ ĜťſŵŶƦƉ ŦŁŴſƼƆƦŨĪ ƎſĪ ŦŁĭųƭ ƈƕ .ťƊƀƟ ŧĪűŶĪ ŦƦƆŁ ƎƉ űŷƿ ljƢŶĥ ĭĬñ ŁŴƆ ŪƃĿƦƉ Ƣƀū Ƨ .ŦŁŴſűŶ ťũƃĭĿ ƎƉ ŴƆ ò űƃ IJĬĭ õ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƀƌŴū .ŪƃƢƉ Ƨĭ IJĬĭƻĥ ĶűƉ ťźƀƤƘ Ƨĥ .ƎƀƉŴƍƟ ñ ĜƨƖƉ ĶűƉ ƈƄŨ ŦŁŴƙƇŷƤƉ ƨíƆĭ ŦŁŴſűŷƆ ĜŦŁĭųƭĪ IJĬõ ƧĪ IJĬĭ ò ťƊŶƦƉĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ Ƣźƒ ĜťƣƢƘƦƉ Ƨĭ ťŬƇƙƉ .ťƉŴƍƠŨ ljƢŶĥĭ ĜŦŁĭųƭ ŁŴLjƊƉ ŁŴƆ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣĪ ljĭĬ ĭĬ ljƢŶĥ ƎſűƉ IJĬñ ŁŴƆ ĸĭƢźƊſĪ ƎƉĭ .ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉĭ ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉ ŁŴƆ IJĬĭƻĥ džƊƉ ĸŴſĿŴŬſƢū ĭĬõ Ļĥ Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬ .ƚƇŷƤƉĭ ơƀƐƘ ŦƼƇŨŴƠƏ ò ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ .ŦƼƉűƟ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ĸŴƀƌĭĪƨƟ ŁŴƆ ŸƇƣñ űƃ ĝƢƉĥ Ŧƻųƭ Ƣƀū ĵųƆ .ƻĥ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŁŴƆ ĭĥ .ťƄƘųŨ ŦŁƢŶĥĭ ŦŁƢŶĥ ƎſĪ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ò ƧĪ ĜljƢŶĥĭ ƎƉñ ljƢŶĥ Ƣƀū ŧűŶ .ŦŁƢŶĥĭ ŦŁƢŶĥ ƎſĪ ŴƆ .ƈũƇũƌ ťƉŴƍƠíƆ ĶűƟñ ƨŨŴƠƆĪ IJĬñ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƉ ƎſĪ ŁŴƆ .ŦŁĭųƆŤŨ IJĬõ űƃ IJĬĭ õ ķĭųſƦƆŁ ĭĬõ ŴƆĪ ĭĬõ ķĥ .ƎƟĭƢƘ ƎſųƍƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŦŁƢŶĥĭ ƎſĪ ŦŁƢŶĥ ĖųƇſĪ ħĭŁĖ ƢƉĥ ñ ťƍŨĮ (127) ƧĪĭ ĝťƍſŵŶƦƊƆ ťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ljƢŶĥ ƎſĪ ŴƆ .ťƍŨĮ ƼŶŁĪ ĭųíƆ ĖŦĭĬŁ Ƨ ŧƢŨ ljƢŶĥĭ Ĝťƍƀƃ ŁŴſŴƣ ŴƆĭ ĝŧƢƟñ ťũƃĭƢƆ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƉ ŁŴƆ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣĪ ĭĬñ ťƊƣŴū ŁŴƆ ĝƎƇſĪ ťƤƙƌĪ ŧűŷƃĥĪ Ƣƀū ťſŁŤƉ .ƚƆŤƌ ťƃĿĬ ƎƉĪ ťũſƢƟ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ ĜŦƻųƭ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉĪ ĜťŷƀƇƤƆ ƈƀƠƣ ŦƻŴŶƦƆ ĻĥĪ ĿƦŨ ĖųƇſĪĖ .ťƍƃĬ ħǁñ .IJĬŴŶĥ ĸŴſƢƐƟĪ ŦŁĿŴũƟ ƈƕĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ųƊƣ ñ ťƐƘŴƐƇƀƘ ŧűŷƃĥ ĵųƆĪ ƎƀƆĬ ųŨĪ ĜƨƠƣ ųƍƀŶĥ ŧƢƐŨĭ ĜƎſĪ ƈƀƇƟ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ĭĬñ ĝŦųƭ ĺűſĪñ ĭĬñ ljŵŨ ĜƦƍƊſĬŁĥĭ ƦŨųſĪ ťƕĿĥ ƎƉ .Łűũƕ ò ĬƦƠƐƖŨĪ ljŵƃĥĭ .ƎƉŁ ƎƉĪ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁ ŦŁƢſñ ljĬ Ƌƕ űƃ .ŧƢƣĭ ƢƏĥ ñ ĖťŨųſ ųíƇſĪ ŦŁŤƀƌĬò ƎƉ Ļĥ ťƍƃĬ ĜŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ ƈźƉ ĝŁĭĬ ťƘŁĭƦƤƉ ŧűŷƆĪ ƻƨƄƏ ƎƍſƢũƐƉ ĝŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣĪ ťƊƣ ƈźƉ ĝťƃĿĬĭ ƈƀƃĬ ŧĿĥ

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ķĭųƆ ƻĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ŴƍƉĭ ĜťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƤƙƌ Ƌƕ ťƊƣŴū ƨƊƤƉ ťƀƏĭĥ õ .ƢƉŤƌ ŧĪĬĪ įƢƊƉ ĜljĭĬ ò ĜťƍƄƐƉ ƦƊŶĿ ƈźƉĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨĪ ĝťƍƙƇƊƆ ųƆ űƃ ųƆ ƎſĪ ƎƍƀŷƄƤƉ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ .ťƍƃĬ ƎƇſĪ ťũƃĭƢƆ ųƊƤƉ ťū ĮŴƉ ĻĥĪ ƎƍŶ ƎƀƇƟƦƤƉĪ ťƉĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ťſŵŶƦƉ ƁƆĪ ƅſĥ ƎƀƆĬ ƈźƉĭ .ťū ĮŴƉ ŦŁŴƌųƆĥƦƉĪ ťƊƣĭ ƎſĪ ĭűƃ ƎƉ ĖƑƙƟƦƌ ŧƢƙƕ ƈźƉ ĜťƊƆĽ ƈźƉ ƼŨ ƈƕĪ ųƇſĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĜƎƆ ħųſƦƌĪ űſƦƕĪ ťŷŨŴƣ ƈƕĭ ĝƎƀƇƕ ƋƀƏĪ .ŧƢũƕ ŦŁƢŶĥ ŦǁĭűƆĭ ŧƢŨĪƦƉ ĜťƃĿĬĪ ŦŁŴƀŶ ĖųƇſĪĖ .ťƍƃĬ ħǁ õ ťŷƌĪ ĖŦųƆĥƦƉ ĬŁŴƆĪ ŦŵƉƢŨ ĜŦĮĥĿĪ ťƊƆŴƣĭ ťū ĮŴƉ Ƨĭ ĝŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ Ƨĭ ĝķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťſĿĭĥƦŨĪ ƈƀƃĬ ljŵƃĥ ťƍƃĬ ĜIJĬõ űƃ IJĬõ ĭĥ ĝťƀƏĭĥĪ ųƆ ƻĥ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ĝŦŁŴƌųƆĥƦƉ (128) Ƨĭ .Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ŁŴƆ Ļĥ ŁŴƆ ĝŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣĪ ťƊƣ ƈƕ Ʀƌĥ ƼƊƏ ŦĭĬŁ ƁŬƏñ ƧĪ ƎſĪ ťƍƄſĥ ťƤƙƍŨĪ ŦŁŴſĭĥ ŁŴƆ Ļĥ ĜŧĪĬĪ ĺĪ ĜƅƆ ƻĥĪ ŦŁŴƌƢũƐƉ ŁŴƊſűƟĪ ťƊſŴƟ Ƣƀū ĸŴƀƇƀƐŨ .ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴƙƐƇƀƘĪ ŦŁŴƍƀƉĥĭ .ťũƐƌƦƉ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ťƟŴƏĭ ò .ƢƉĥõ ťƍƃĬ Ŧƻųƭ džƊƉ ĸŴſƢŬſƢū ŁŴƆ ŸƇƣñ űƃ ťƊƀƄŶ ò ƅƍƉĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ĝťŶĥĪ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ťƤƙƌĭ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ IJĬ ŧűſĥñ ĖĸŴƀƇƀƐŨĖ ĝŦŁŴƤƀźƆĭ ŦŁĭĿƼƉĪ ŦŁŴƍſƢƊƉ IJĬ ťƍƉ .ƎƀƉƢƉǓƦƉĭ ƎſųƆĥƦƉ ò ĝťũſǁ ò ťƉŴŶƦŨĪ ò ĖƎƌƢźƌŁĥ ljŴƍƠŨĭ ñ űƃ ųíƆĪ ñ ŁŴƆ ĝŧƢƐŨ ŦŁĥõ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƀƏĭƧ ųíƆ ƎſƢũƏĪ ƎſĪ ķŴƌĬñ ŁŴƆ ò ťƀƉ ƎƉĪ ĭĬ ťƍŨĮ ĜƎſƢũƐƉĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĝŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŦŴƟŁĪ IJĬñ õ ħǁ õ .ŦƦƖƌƞƆ ƚƀźƌ ĭĬñ ƎƉĭ .űŬƌ õ ŧĿŴƕĮ ťſĪĿ ĝƈƄŨ Ÿƀũƣ ĸŴƀƐƌŁĥĪ ƎſĪ ķĭƞƊŶƦƌ ĖĸŴƀƐƌŁĥĖ .ƎƀƆĬ ĸŴźźƠƀƘĥ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨ Ƣƀū ķĥ ĝŦŁŴƀƖƀŨĿ ŦĭĬŁ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ƚƇŶĪ ťŷƄƤƉĪ ĝŴƀƌĿŁĥ ƅƏĪ ķŴƌĬñ ĝƻŤŨĿĭĿ ťƍƀƃ ƢŨ ƢƉŤƌĪ Ƣƀū ƋƆ ĭĬõ ķĥ .ťƊƣŴū IJĬĭƻĥ ƋſƢƉ ƎƉĪ ƢƉĥƦƉĪ ĭĬõ ŦƼƉ ťƀƍƐƃĥ ĶűƉ Ƨ űƃ .ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ťſŴƠƉ ĜŧƢŬƙƆ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƀƍƐƃĥ űƃĪ ťƠƍƌĥ ĝƋſƢƉ ƎƉĪ ŧƢŬƙƆ ƢƉŤƌ ťƀƤƌĥ ƎſĪ ķĥ .ŦƦƇƉ ųŨ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ƚƇŶ ŦŁŴƀƖƀŨĿ ĜŦƦƇƉ ųŨ IJĬĭƻĥĭ ĝťƀƏĭŤŨ ŧƢŬƘ IJĬĭƻĥ

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Ƨ ĜķǔƀƉĥ ťƍƃĬ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ űƃ .ťƊƣŴūĪ ŦƦƙƏĭŁ ƈźƉ ĝŦĭĬŁ (129) ƋſƢƉ ƎƉ ƎſƢƉĥ Ƨ Ƣƀū ƎƘĥ .ķĭųƤƙƍŨ ƎƀƇƙƌ ťƍƄſĥĪ ƎƀƿƦƐƉ ĝĭĭĬ ƎƀƉűƉĪ ťƉ ĭĬñ ƢſƞŨ ĶűƉ ŴƆ ĜŦƦƇƊƆ ųƆ ťƍƀƃ ƢŨ Ƨĥ ĝŧƢŬƙƆ ƎſƢƉĥĪ ƎſŵŶƦƉ ķĭĬƼƕĿŁ ƅſĥ ŧĪĬ .ƎƀƕĿƦƉĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ķĭƢŨƦƐƌ ŧĿĥ ƧĪ ò ƅſĥ ŧƢŨĪ Ƣƀū ťƍƄſĥ .ŦŁŴƀƖƀŨĿ IJĬĭƼƆ ĝťŨĥĪ ťƍƀƃ ƢŨ IJĬĭƻĥ űƃ ĝŦŁųŨĥ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƃ ƢŨ ŧƢŬƘĭ ťƍƃĬ .ťƍƀƃ ƢŨ ƢƉĥƦƉ ťŨĥ ŁŴƆ ŧƢŨ Ƨĥ ĝťŨĥ ĭĬõ ƅſĥ ťſĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ƎſĪ ljƢŶĥ űƃ .ŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƆ ljƢŶĥ Ƨĥ .ŦƦƇƉ ĭĬõ IJĬĭƼƆ ĝŦŁƢſƢƣ IJĬñ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ Ƣƀū ŁŴƆ .ŦŁŴƀƖƀŨĿ ķĭųƇſĪ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ķĭĬƦƇƉ ķŴƌĬñ ƎƉĪ IJĬñ Ƨĥ .ŦƦƙƏĭŁ ƨũƠƉ ŦƼƍŬƇƘƦƉ Ƨĭ ŦƼƇƊƤƉ ŧĿƢƤŨĪĭ ĭĬñ ƎƉ ƢũƆ Ŧųƭ ljƢŶĥ űƃ ĝťƍƀźƐſǔƃ ƈƀƄƉ ťƍƄſĥĭ .ƦŷƃƦƣĥ ĖƎƀƿƦƐƉ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ò ŦƼƤſĿ ŦŁŴſűŷƆ ťū ĮŴƉĪ ťƊƤŨ ĸŴƍſűƍƟ ƧĪ ŦŁųŨĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƈƀƃĬ Ƨ ƋſƢƉ ƎƉĪ ƢƉŤƌ Ƣƀū ƎƘĥ .ŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƆĪ ťƍƀƃ ŁŴſŴƤƆ ŧƢƐũƆ ŦƼƌ ĝŴƀƍƃ ťƀƇƉŴƣĪ ųƇſĪ ĬŁŴƆ ĜƁƍƣñ Ŧƻųƭ ťƀƏĭƧĪ ƎſĪ ƎƃĿƦŨ ĝťſĿŴƣ ƈƠƣ õ ųƆ űƀŶĪ ĭƢũƏĥ ŦƦƆĭƦŨĪ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ťſĿŴƤŨ ƨƘĥĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ ĝƎƍƀƃƢƣ ƧŴƕĪ ťƊƣ ƎƆ Ŀųƌñ ťƍƃĬĪ ĭĬñ ĝĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƠƆ ĻĥĪ ƈźƉ .ljųƆ ŦƦƇƉ ò ƎƉĪ ťū ĮŴƉĪ ŴƆĭ .ŴŷƤŶŁĥ ŧűŷƃĥ ťƊƤŨ ųŨĪ ƎƍƀŷƄƤƉ ĝƢƉĥŁĥ ŦŁųŨĥ ťƀƏĭŤŨĪ ťƙƇŶŴƣ .ƈũƇŨĭ ơƏĥ ŧƢƐũƆ Ŧƻųƭ ťƀƏĭĥ ŁŴƆ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ťŷƀƤƉ űŶĭ ĝŦŁŴſűŷƆ ŴŹĬĿ ŧűŷƃĥ ƻŤƌƢƉĥƦƉ ƧĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ .ƎƆ ŴƀƇƊƣ ñ űƃ ĜljĮ ljĬ ƈƠƣ .Ǝƌűũƕ ųƌĪĬŴƕ ťƣĬĪ IJĬñ ĝťſǔſĪ ŁŴƆĪ Ƣƀū ŦŁƢūŤŨ ĭĥ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƉĪ IJĬñ ĝŦŁŴſűŶĪ ŦƻŴŶŁĪ ŦŁŵŷƆ (130) ƈƠƣ ƎƇſĪ ťũƃĭƢƆ ò ĝIJĬŴƇƕĪ ŦĮĥĿ ƎƇſĪ ŧűƇƀƆ ĴĭűŨ ƎſĪ ťƉĪ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ŦŁųƉĥ ò űƃ ĜťƕĿŤŨĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ Ƣƀū ƎƉñ ƎſųƆ ƻĥ ĜŧűƇſ ŁŴƆ ťƍƀƄƆ ƎƤƊƤƉ ò ŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ĶűƉ ŦŁĭǓŴƖƐŨĭ ƢźƟñ ƈƀƇƟ ƈƀƇƠŨĪ ŧƢƐŨ ĜťƖŨƢƊŨ ljŵŨ ĜŦųƭ ťŶĭĿ ŦŁŴƀŷŨ ƎſĪ ťƉĿ .ŦƼƤƌĥ ŦŁĭűƀƇƀƆ ƨƉƦƤƉĭ ŦŁĥñ ĜŦųƭĪ ƎſĪ IJĬ ŦŁƢŶĥ .ťƀũƌĪ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ƅſĥ ųŨ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťŶĭĿ Ƣƀū ŧƢŨñ .ĺűſĪñ ĭĬñ ñ ŦŁųƉòĥ ƎƀƆĬ IJĭĬò ƎƘĥ Ƨĥ .ťƤƙƌĪ ŦŁƢŶĥ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨĭ ĜŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƦƇƉ

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ò ñ ñ ƈƀƃĬ Ƨĥ ĜťƕĿĥ ƎƉĪ ĪŴŷƇŨ ťƊƣŴūĪ ƎƉĪ IJĬñ ĝűƇſ ŦŁŴƀŶ ųíǀƆĪ IJųŨ Ŧƻĥ ƥƌĥ ƢƉĥñ Ƨĭ .ķűƇſĪò ķǔƉĥƦƉ ŦƦƍƉ ŴƆ ĜŧƢŬƘĭ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ťƤƙƌ Ƣƀū ĬŁűƇſ .ťƤƙƌ ŁűƇſĭ ƈƀƄƉ ƎſĪ Ƨ ĝƎƉñ ŧƢƐŨ ŁűƇſ ƗũƤƀƆƧ ƢƉŤƊƆ .ŧƢŬƘĭ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ťƤƙƌ ƎƉ .ťƤƌƢũƆ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ űŶ ƅſĥĭ .ƥƙƍƉ űƃ ljűƊƖƊƆ ťƍƄſĥ Ƣƀū űƀƇſ .ƈſĥŴƍƊƕĪ ŧűƇƀŨĭ ƢƕƦƏĥĪĭ ƈũƠƌ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ĶűƉ ŧƢƐŨ ƈƠƣĪ õ ƎſĪ ƈźƉ .ųſűƀŷſ ŦƦƇƉ ťŨĥĭ ŦųƆƧĪ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ŁƢƉĥĪ ŧƢŨƦƐƉ ŧƢƀƄƣ ĶűƉ Ƨ ĜķŁŴƃĥ ŦĭĬĭ õ ťƤƌĥ ƢŨ Ļĥ IJƢƟŁĥĭ ĝųƇſĪ Ĭűũƕĭ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝŦŁƦƌĥ űƀŨ ƢƐũŨ űƇſŁĥĪ ĝŧĪŴƌĪ Ŧƞƭ Ļĥ ƎſĪ ƻĥƢſƻ ĝƢƉŤƌĪ ƁƆ ñ ťƍƀƄŨ ŪŹ űƃ ĝĬŁŴƆ ťũƀƤŶ ŧűŷƃĥĭ ĝŧűƇſƦƉ ĬƢƐŨ Ƌƕ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƤƙƌ ĻĥĪ ñ ñ ťƉƧĪ ťŨƞƌ ƥƌĥ ķĥĭ .ųíƇſĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƅſĥ ųſƻĥĭ ĝťƀƌĿƦƉ ųƍƉ Ƣźƒ ŦŁƢŶĥ ñ ŦŁǔſƻ ĝťƤƙƌ ŁűƇſĭ ƈƀƄƉ ƎſĪ ŴƆ ĝŧƢƐŨ ŁűƇſ ƎƉñ ųſƻĥĪ ĝƢƉŤƌ ƎƇƘĪ ñ ƅſĥ Ƣƀū ŁűƇſ .ƁŬƏñ ƢƉĥñ Ƣƀƙƣ ťũƃƢƉ (131) űƃ ĜŦŁŴƀŷƆ ŁƢƉĥĪ ò ƧĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ŦŁŴƍƉĭŤŨ ŦŴƠƉ űƃ .ťƤƌƢŨ űŶ ƎſĪ ĶƢŨ .ƎƉñ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĭ .ƎƀƉĪ .ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴſűŷƆ ŧűŷƃĥ ƎſĪ ŴŹĬĿ ĜIJĬĭƻĥĪ ƎƉõ ĭĬñ ķĭųƍƉ űŶ ƈƃ ƎƉñ ò Ǝƀū ŵƊƉĪ ĭĬñ ƅſĥĭ ƻĥ ķĭųƍƉ űŷǀƆ ťƀƍƇſĪ ƅſĥĪ ĶűƉ ĭĬñ .ŧĪűŷíƆ ĖŦĭĬ ò ƁƀƉĪ Ƨ ƎƉ ljǔƕŴƏ ƎƉ ĝķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƊſŴƟ ŁŴƆ ťƍƄſĥ Ʀƌĥ ƈƃƦƐƉ ò ƁƍŨò ŴƆĭ ĝŧĪűŷíƆ ò ťƍƀƃ ò ŴŹĬĿ ŧűŷƃĥ ƎſĪ ķĭųſǓŁ ĝŦŁŴƀŶ ťũƃƢƉĪ ƢƉĥñ ŧĪűŶĪ ò Ŵū ŵƉĪñ ĭĬñ ƅſĥĭ ĜŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴſűŷƆ űŷǀƆ ťƀƍƇſĪ ƅſĥĪ ĶűƉ ĭĬñ ĝŧĪűŷíƆ ñ ŦŁŴƀŶ ųíƿ ĜŦŁŴƀƉ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƊƣŴū űƃ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ .ƎƄƉ õ ťƀƏĭŤŨ ķĭųƍƉ ñ ñ ŦųƉƦƤƉ ŦŁŴƀŶ ųíƿ ĜŦƦƇƀƇƉ ųſƻĥ ťƤƙƌ űƃĭ .ŦŁŁŴƀƉ ťſƢƟƦƉ ŁŴƆ Ļĥ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƃĬ .ƎƌƢƉĥ ƎſĭĬ ƎƀŷƇƣ űƃ ƋſűƟ ƎƉ ĻĥĪ IJĬñ .ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ƎƀƖŨñ ťƍƉ ĜƎƟĭƢƘ ĭĬõ ƢƉĥñ űƃ .ųƉƦƤƉ ťƤƌƢŨ ųƿ ƎƉñ ĴĭűŨ .ƈſĥŴƍƊƕ ƎƉ Ʀŷƌõ ųƿĪ ĜƎſĪ ĴĭűŨ .ķŴƄƆ ƦLjƉ ŧĿƢƣĪ ťƤƌƢũƆ ĝƁƍƌŴƇźƟŁĪ ķĭƦƌĥ ò džƊƉ ĻĥĪ IJĬñ .Ūſǁ ťƀƊƣ ƈźƉ ƋƀƣĿĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĸŴƀƆŴſ Ŧƻųƭ ŦųƆƧĭ ťƍƃĬ ĖĸŴƀƆŴſĖ .ƢƉĥ ťƍƃĬ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŦŁĭųƭ ŁŴƆ ŧƢŬƘĪ ŦŁŴſűŶ ŁŴƆĪ ĝŧƢƐŨ Ļĥ ťƊƣ Ƌƕ ƈƟƦƤƉ űƃ ĝťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ĭĬñ ťŶĭƢŨ ťƍƀƃ ƢŨ ò ħĭŁĭ ĝűƀŷƉ ŦųƭĪ ťƍƀƃ ƢŨ ĭĬñ ŦŁĭųƭĭ ƨƟƦƤƉ űƃ Ĝťƍƀƃ ƢŨ ťƤƍƀƍũíƆ

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ŦŁŴſűŷŨ ŧƢŬƘĪ ťƍƀƃ ƚƇŶƦƤƉ Ƨ űƃ .ŁűƀŶŁĥ Ǝƍƀƃ ƢŨ ŁŴƆĪ ĝŧƢŬƘ Ƌƕ ťƍƀƃ ƨƘĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ťƍƀƃ ƢŨĪ ťƊƣĪ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƤŨĭ ĝŦųƭĪ ťƍƀƃ ƢŨ ŁŴƆĪ ŧƢƐŨĪ ŦųƉŴƤŨĭ ĝťƀƤƌĥ (132) ŧƢŬƘĪ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƤŨ ĝƚƇŶƦƤƉ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ò ťƊƀƄŶ ŸƤŶŁĥ ťū ĮŴƉĪ ťƊƤŨ űƃ ĝŦƦƊƀƏĪ ƎſĪ ťŨǂŨĭ ĖƎƍƀƃƢŨ ŦĭĬõ ųƇſĪ Ƨĥ ƎſƢŶĥ ƥƌĥĪ Ƣƀū ŴƆ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ƢƉĥñ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ŦŁŴƤƌĥ ƎƉ ťŷƀƤƉ Ƣƀū űŶ .ŪƀƤŶ ųƇſĪ ƅſĥĭ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ .ťƊƣŴū IJĬĭƼƆĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆ ƅƘĬŁĥĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ŴƆ .Ĩ ŵƊƉĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝŦųƭ ŦƦƇƉĭ ĖŦƦƆĭƦŨ ƎƉĪ ƨƄſĬ ŪƐƌĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ Ƨĥ .ŦĭĬ ñ ƦŨŤƏ .IJĬ ŦŁűŶĪ ƢũƏŁ Ƨ ĜƎſƼƉ ƨŨŴƠƆĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ ŁƢƉĥĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ Ļĥ ųíƆ ñ .ƎſƢƉĥĪ IJĬñ ťƄŷūƦƉ ƻŤƙƇŷƤƉĭ Ĝťƀƍƣ űƃ Ƣƀū ťƍƀƃ űŶ ƎƍſƢƉĥĪ IJųŨĪ ñ ĝŧƢƐũƉ ƎƍƀƙƏŴƉĭ ĝŦƦƇƉ ŦųƭĪ Ƣƀū ƁŬƐŨ .ƎƍƀƇƖƉ ljƢŶĥ ťƍƀƃ ĭųíƆ ò ĭĭĬ ƎƀƍŨĮò ŧĪŴƌ ťźƀƤƘ ħĭŁ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨĭ ĝŧƢƐũŨ ĿŴƙƄƌĪ IJĬñ ĝŦŤƊŹ ƎƉ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶĭ ĜŦŵƉĿ ťũƃĭĿ ƢƐũƉĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƇƉĪ ĜťƖſűſ Ƣƀƙƣ Ƨĥ .ŦƦƇƊƆ ò ťƤſűƟ ƢƉĥĪ ĭűƃ ƎƉ Ƣƀū Ǝƍſƻĥ .ťƠŶĪ ťƉŴƍƟĪò ťƣĿŴƙƆĭ .ķĭųſǓŁ ñ ťƍƀƃĪĭ ñ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ƎƉĭ ƈƄŨ ŴƆ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ťŷƀƤƉ ĭĬ űŶĪ ĭųŨ ƎƀƆĬĭ Ƣƀū Ƨĥ .ťƣĪĥ IJĪŴŷƆĭ ťźƀƤƘ ĭĬñ ƻĥĪŴŷƆ ƢƉĥƦƉ űŶ ĸĭƢƙƿ ò ò ñ ƻĥ Ƣƀƙƣ Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬĪ .ƎƀũƃƢƉ ťƣĪĥò ƁƙƇŷƤƉĭ ųíƆ ŦŤƀŬƏ ĭĥ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ñ ŧƢŨƦƐƉ ĖƎƀƊƀƄŶ ƎƀƆĬ ƅſĥűŨĪ ķŴƌųíƆ ñ ñ ŴƀƐƌ ŦǂƘĬĪ ŦƦŶĭ .ljĭĬ ŁĭƢƀƐŶĪ ųíƇſĪ űƃ ųíƇſĪ ŦŁƢŨĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ťƍƃĬ Ƣƀū ƢƉĥ .ťƍƙƇƉ ljĬ ťƊƀƄŷƆ ķŴƄƘųƌĪ .ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ƎƀŬƇƙƉĪ ķŴƌĬñ ťƤƌƢũƆ ƢƉŤƌĪ įƢƊƉ ƥƌĥ ķĥ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ťƉƢŶ ĭĥ ťƀƍƉŁĪ ķĭƨƙƠŨ ŧűŷƃĥ ĭĥ ŸŨƦƤƌ ŧűŷƃĥĭ (133) Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉ Ƌƕ űūƦƐƌĪ ƧĭĪñ ĝŪƐƌŁĥĪ ƢƠƀƉ ŦŁűŬƏ ŧűŷŨ ƻĥƢſƻ Ƨĭ ĝljƢŶĥ Ƌƕ ljƢŶĥ ƅſĥ ĝŦųƭ ŧƢƟƦƌ ñ ƨƉò ƦŷũƣŁ ŧűŶĭ ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ñ ĝħƢƠƉ ťƉƢŶ ĜŧƢƐŨ ŦƦƇƉ ŦĭĬĪõ IJųŨ ñ ƎƀŨƻ ťƤſƢŨĪ ķŴƌĬñ ƎƉĪ ťƀźƤƊƣ ĭĬñ ĸĭĥĿűƌĥ Ƨĥ ĖŦĭųƌ űƃ ĝťƍŨĮ ĭųŨ űƃ ƎſųŨ Ʀƌĥĭ ĖĸĭĥĿűƌĥĖ .ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟ ŁŴƆ ƢƉĥõ ķĭƨƙƠƆ ĵűƕñ ŧƢŨ ħƻĪ ĝƅſǔƉŤƉ ƎƉ ĶűƊŨ Ƣƀū ƦŨǁ Ʀƌĥ űŶŁƦƉ ƎſųŨ õ .ƦƇƙƌĪ õ ñ ĭųíƆ ñ ƢƉĥĪ Ʀƌĥ ĵűƕñ ƈƀƃĬ ƋƆ ťƍƄſĥ .ĬƢƐŨ Ƌƕ ŧűŷƃĥ ťŨĥĭ

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ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ ĜƋƕĪĭ ŧűŷƃĥĪ IJĬñ űƃ .Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ťƤƌƢŨ űūƦƐƉĪ ñ ĖųíƆ ñ ĝŦŴŷƉĭ ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆ ťŶĭƢŨ ơƙƌĭ ñ ƻĥ ŦƼƕĿŁĭ ƨƀŶ ƁƀƕŴŹ ŦĭĬ ťƖŹĪ ƎƉĪ ťƍƀƃĭ ĝťƘĭĽƢƘĭ ťƉŴƍƟ űŷƆ .ŦĭĬ ƋŷƙƉ ťƉŴƍƟĪò ŦŁŴƍſĿŁĪ ĝŦƻƢŶĥ ñ ò ƎſƢƉĥ Ƣƀū Ƨĥ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ƎſĪ ħǁ .ťũƃĭĿ űŶŁƦƉ Ǝſĥ ĜťƀƇŨŴƠƏ õ ñ .ĬƢƐŨ Ƌƕ ŧűŷƃĥ ťŨĥĭ ŧƢŨ ħƻĪ ĜŦŁƢūŤŨ ƦŨǁĪ ĴĭűŨ Ʀƌĥ Ļĥ Ʀƌĥ õ ñ ñ ñ ŧűŷƃĥ ťƤƌƢŨĭ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ƧĭĪ ĝƢƉĥĪ ĭųíƆ Ʀƌĥ ĵűƕñ ƎƃĿƦŨ ťƍƄſĥĭ ñ .Ƌƕĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ƢƉŤƌĪ ĝųſƻĥ IJĬõ űƃ Ƣƀū IJĬõ .Ŧųƭ ŧƢƟƦƌ ŧűŷƃĥĭ űūƦƐƌ IJƦƉĥ .ljǔƕŴƏĪ ťƍƀƄŨ ƎſƢƀŶ Ƨĭ .ƢƉĥŁĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƨƀŶ Ǝƀƕűſ ƧĪ ƑƄƌ ƎſűƉ ƎƀƆĬĭ ĝŦƦƇƉ ťƍŷũƉ űŶ ťƉŴƍƟ ĭĥ ťƍƀƃ ĭĥ ťƘĭĽƢƘ űŶ ƈƕĪ Ƣƀū ƎƉñ ŁƢźƌ ƋƕĪ IJĬñ ĭĥ ŧƢŷƃĥĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƇƉĭ ĝƻŤƍƀƃ ŪƃƢƉ ĭĥ IJĬĭƻĥ ƎſųƍƉĪ ñ ƎſǓƦƆ ŴƆĭ ĝťũƃĭƢŨ IJĬĭƻĥ Ŧĭųƌ űŶĪ IJĬñ ťƍƃĬ Ļĥ ĺűſƦƉĪ ĭųíƆ ò ĝƎſǓƦƆ ťƉŴƍƟ ƎƀŬƇƙƉ ƎƀƉűƟ űƃĪ ƎſĪ IJƦƉĥ .ťƊŶƦƉ ƻŤŬƇƙƉ ĭĥ ŧűŷƃĥĪ IJĬñ ĝƻŤƍƇſĪĭ ĺűſƦƉ ųƆĭ ųƍƉ ķĭųƍƉ űŷƿĪ ƧĭĪñ IJĬñ ŁŴƆĭ ò ĭĥ ƎſǓŁĪ ƎſűſĬ (134) ĝŧƢƉĥƦƉ ƋƕĪ IJĬñ Ƽƃ űŶĪ Ƨĭ ĝħĭŁ ŦŤƀŬƏĪ ĝŀűūŁ ķĥ ƢƉĥñ ķĥĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝťƕĪĭŴƤƆ ųƆ ŁűũƕĪ ƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥ ťũƃĭƢŨ űŶ ŁŴƆ ƥƌĥ ƎƉ Ŧĭųƌ ĶűƉ ŧƢƠſĥ ķĥ ĝŧűŷƃĥ ĬƢŬƘĭ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƤƙƌ ŧƢƠſƦƉĪ ñ Ƌƕ ŦŁŴƀŶ ŧűŶ ųſƻĥĪ ťƤƙƍƆ ƥƌĥ ƢƉŤƌ ĭĥ ĝƎſǓŁ ƎƉ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĭĬñ ĝťƤƌƢŨ ñ ƋŶƦƉ ĝťƤƌĥ ƁƍŨò ƎſǓƦƆ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ŴƆ .ųƊƣŴū ñ ŦŵŶƦƉ ĝűŶ ĭųíƆ IJƦƉĥ ĝƻŤƍƀƃ ŪƃƢƉ ĭĥ IJĬĭƻĥ ķĭųƍƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĺűſñ Ƨ ƧĪ ĝƻĥƢſƻ ƎſĪ Ļĥ ĸĭƢźƘ ƋƕĪ ĭĥ ĝťƤƍƀƍŨò ƎſƢƟƦƉ ŧűŷƃĥ ƎƍŶŴſĭ ĸĭƢźƘ ƢƉĥĪ ƎſĪ ƥƌĥ űŶĪ ťƕĪĭŴƣ ƋƕĪ ĭĥ ŧűŷƃĥĪ IJĬñ ƈƀƄƉ Ƨ ĝƨƄſųƆ ŦĭĬ ơƇƏ ƎƍŶŴſ ťƤƌĥ ƢŨ űŶĪ ťƊſŴƠƆ ƨƘĥ ĜƎƍŶŴſ Ƌƕ ĸĭƢźƘ ŪƃƢƉ Ƣƀū Ƨ .ŧűũƕ ƻŤƙƀƇſ Ƨ ƎƀŬƇƙƉ űƃ ĝŧĿƢƤƆ ƎƀƖƍŹ ƞƉ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƉ ĜķĭųſǓŁ ƎƀƇƊƤƉ ñ ƎƀŷƀƤƉ ƎſǓƦƆ ĖűŶ ĭųíƆ ťŷƌűƉ ťƠƀŶĿĪ ťƉ ƅſĥĭ ŦƦŶŴƤƉ ƧĪĭ ťƙƇŶŴƣ IJĬĭƻĥ ƁŬƏñ ƈƀƃĬ űƃ ŁŴƆ ĝŦƼƉŴƍƟ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĭĥ ĝťƀƍƀƃ ťũƃĭĿ ĝƢƉŤƌ ƻŤŨǁĪ ťŨƢƖƉ ƎƉ IJĬŴƍŨò ƎƉ ťƍƄſĥ ĜŧƢƏĥ ťƊƣ ŁŴſŴƤŨ ƎƀƉŴƍƟ ƎſǓƦƆĪ ĝŧƢƠſĥĪ ŦŁŴƙƀƠƌ ò ťƀƃŴũŶ ƎƉĪ IJĬñ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ŁŴƆĪ ĝƞƆĥƦƌ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ ĝĸŴūƦƌ ƑƀƏĭĥĪ

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ò ŦŁŴƄƀũŶ ƎƉĪ ťƍƄſĥ ñ ƅſĥ ťƍƀƃĪ Ƨ ƎƀƆĬ Ǝſųſƻĥ Ƨ .ťźƐƌ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥĪ ñ ƅſĥ .ķŴƄƀƖźƌ ƨƉò ƑƀƙŨ ƥƌĥ Ƨ .Ǝſųſƻĥ .ťŷƀƇƣ ƢƉĥĪ ñ ƅſĥ ŁĭĬ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ űƃĪ ĜĴŁŴƙƄƍƆ ƻĭĬñ ĵŤƤƉ ƻŤƀƌĬ ƢƉĥĪ òťƍƀƃĪ ťƀƏĭŤŨĪ ťƙƇŶŴƣ IJŴƟĪ ĝƦƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ƈƀƄƉ ťƍƄſĥ .ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĭ Ʀƌĥ ľƢƕ ƈƀƄƉ ĜƋƀƟŁŁ ťƀƏĭĥĭ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ ŧűŶ Ƣƀū ķĥ .ťŷƀƤƉ ķĭųƍƉĪ ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆĪ (135) ƈźƉ ĜƦƌĥ ƢƉĥñ Ƣƀū ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ .ťƙƇŶŴƣĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ ǂƘĬŁĥ ŧƢſƞŨĪ IJĬñ ĜƅƍƀŨĽ ŵƉĿñ ķǔƉĥƦƉĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ƦŶƦƆĭ ƈƖƆ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ .ťƀƏĭŤŨ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦŁĭųƭ ĜƈſĥŴƍƊƕ ųƿĭ ĜťƀƇƖƉĪ IJĬñ Ƣƀū ƎŨĮ ŧűŶ űƃ .ŦƦŷƀũƣĭ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦƻŁŤƉĪ ťƍŨŵŨ ĭƢƟĪĪ ķŴƌĬñ ƎƉ ŦŵŶƦƌ ñ ťƃƢƣ ĜŦƼƍſŵŶƦƉ ťƀƏĭĥ Ƽƍƣ ŦŁŴſŵŶƦƉ ƨíƆ .ŦŁŵŷŨ ƈƙƌñ ƧĪ ĭųíƆ ò ò ŴƇūĪĭ ñ ŦŵŶƦƉĪ ĭŁƦƏĪ ĝťſųƭ ťƍŨĮ ƎſĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆĭ ĝĭƢƟĪĪ ķŴƌųíƆ ťŨǁ ò ťſƢƉĪ ŦĭŵŷíƆ ĝťŷƀƇƣ ƢƉĥĪ õ ñ ĝŦŁĿŴƕĮ ŦƦƇƉ ĵŁŁĪ ĭĬ õ ƅſĥ ŴƆ ŦŁĥĭ ò .ťƍƀƇŬíƆĭ ò ñ .Ŧųƭ ƎƉ ƦLjƉŁĥĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƊƄŶĪ ƨƊíƆ ƻĭĬñ ĜĭĬñ ƅſĥ ƢƉĥĭ .ƁƍƌĭŁƞƭ ķĭƦƌĥĪ ƨƄƏ ƎƉĪ ƢƉŤƌĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .ťƍƃĬ ħǁŁĥ ĴŁŴƆ ƋſűƟ ƎƉĪ ƎƀƆųŨ Ƣƀū ŁƢƉĥ õ ò ŧĿĥ .ťſĪĿ ƧĪĭ ƨƄƏ ĜƈſĥŴƍƊƕ ŪƃĿŁĥ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ƎſŁǓŁ ƎƉ ĭĥ ŦƼƇſĪò ƎſŁǓŁ ƎſĪ ŧƢŬƘĪ ĝŦƦƇƀƇƉ ťƤƙƌĪ IJĬñ ŦƼƇſĪ ƈƃƦƐƌĪ IJĬĪñ ƈźƉĪ Ƣƀū IJĬñ ƎƉĪ ťƤƌƢũƆ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ ĝŀűūŁ ķĥ ŦŁĭĿŴŶ ĭĥ ŦŁŴƊƃĭĥ ñ ljĭĬ ųƆ ƻĥĪ ƥƌĥ Ƨ Ƨĥ ĝŦŁŴƊƃĭĥ ƎƉ ĭĥ ĝŪƃƢƉ ŦŁĭĿŴŶ ƎƉĭ ƈƃƦƐƌĪ ò ƎƀƆĬĪ ƎƀƇſƧ .ťƤƌƢŨ ƋƀƠƉĪ ƢƉĥñ ťƤƙƌĪĭ ŧƢŬƘĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ķĭųƍƉ Ƨĥ .ŧĪĬ ƢƉĥñ ò ƢƉĥŁĥĪ ò ƎƙƠƌĭ ƎƀƆĬ ƻƢƟ űƃ ƎſĪ Ʀƌĥ .ƎƍƄƉ ƻŤƣƢƙƉ Ƨĭ ĝƎſŵŶƦƉĭ ñ Ƣƀū ŴƆ ĜŦŁŴƊƃĭĥĭ ƨƀƇƉ ƎƉĪ ĜƎſƢƉĥĪ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ űƃ .ŦƦƇƊƆ Ĭƻƻĥ ťƤƙƌ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĭĬñ Ƣƀū ƨƀƇƉ .ƨƀƇƉĭ ƈƃƦƐƌĪ IJĬñ IJĬõ űƃ IJĬõ ťƤƙƌĪ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉĭ ťƍŨĮ ƈƃƦƐƌĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .IJĬĭƻĥ ťƉŴƍƠŨ ŦƼƌƦƕĭűſ ñ IJĬñ ƎƉ ƎƍŶ űƃ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ .ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ƅƘųƉ űƃ Ʀƌĥ ĝƎƌƢƉĥ ƈƃƦƐƌĪ ĜŁƢũƏĥ ƎſĪ ƎƃĬ ĿƦŨ .ŧĿƢƤŨ ƦƆŴƕĥ ŧĪųŨĭ .ƨƀƇƉ ƎƉ ŁƢƉĥõ (136) Ʀƌĥ Ƨ ťƄƘĬĭ ťƣűūĪ ĝƎƍŶ ƎƀLjƊƉ ťƘűŨ ťƤƀŹƦƉĪ IJĬñ ŦŁŴƊƃĭĥ ƈźƉĪ ñ ťƀƏĭƧ ĜŦŁĭĿŴŷƆ Ʀƙƣĥ űƃĪ IJĬñ Ĝųſƻĥ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ ŁƢƉĥĭ ťƍƃĬ Ĝťƣűū

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ťſŵŶƦƉĪ IJĬñ ĜƎƌƢƉĥ ŦŁŴƊƃĭĥ ƈźƉ ƎſĪ ƎƍŶ .ťƍƄƉĪ ƅſĥ ƦƠũƣ õ ñ IJĬñ ŀűūŁ ķĥ ťƉ ƅſĥ .ŀƢƘƦƉ ƧĪ ųſƻĥ ťƣűūĪ IJĬñ .ťƀƤƌĥ ťƊƣŴŬŨ Ƨ ĴŴƘĬŁĪ ťƍƄƉ ƧĪ ĝŧĪĿƦƌĪ ŦĭĬ ľĪĮ ťƀƉĿĥĪ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ƎƉ ĻĥĪ IJĬñ .ťƀƣŴƃĪ ťƀƣŴƃ ƚƇŶ ķĥ .ťŷƄƤƉ ƧĪ IJĬñ ƈźƉĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ Ƣƀū ƢƉĥñ .ŀűūŁ ò ƎſĪƢƘĭ ĝųƄƤƉ ò ƅſĥ ŴƆ ƎƍŶĪ ĜĺĪ ĶƢŨ ĝĬƦǀƃ ŦŁŴƙƐƇƀƘĪ ťƉŴŶŁ ñ ƎƤſĪĭ Ƣƀū ƎƀƆĬ .ŦƼƇſĪ ųſƻĥ ťƍƉĪ ĝƋŶƦƌ ƻĥƻƦŶĪ ƎƍƀƖŨñ ƢũƆĪ ñ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ƎƉñ ŦƼƇſĪĪ ĝĺűſñ Ƨ Ƣƀū ŴƍƉ õ .Ǝſųſƻĥ ƎƇſĪ ŦŁĿĪ ƎƉ ƢũƆĭ ñ ťƍƖŹ ƈƠƣ ƎƆ ŦĭĬ űŶ Ƨĥ .ŦŁŴƆĭĬĽ ŀűūŁ ķĥ ƎſĪ ťƀƏŴƏĪ ĝŦŁŴƃŴŷū ò ťƀƍƀƃ ťƀƣŴƍƃĭ ťũƃĭĿĪ ťƄſĥĪ ĜƻŤƀƇū ŦŴŷƌĭ ƋƀƠƌĪ ò ĭĥ ƑƀƏĭĥĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ñ IJĬ ŦŁƢſƻ .ķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ŧĪŁŴƕ ŁŴƆĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝƋƀƏ IJĬñ .ljĭĬ ƧĪ ƁŬƏĭ ò ƎſŵŶƦƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉĪ .ŦŁŴƀŶ ťũƃƢƉĪ ƢƉŤƌ ƑƀƏĭŤŨ ò ƎſĪ ťƉŴŶŁ ò ĻĥĪ Ƨĭ ĝťƊƀƏ ťƊſűƟĪ ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆ ĝƢũƆĪ ŦŁŴƙƐƇƀƘĪ ťƏŴƊƌĭ .ƻĥƢſųƌ ƁŬƏñĭ ĜƦƌĥ ƚƇſ ķǔƉĥƦƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ Ļĥ ĜƅƆ ƎſĿűƖƉ ĶűƉ ò ñ ƚƆĥŁĪ IJĬñ ĜųſƻĥĪ ƎſƢƉĥ ŦƼƤƌĥ ťƤƙƌĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ĜƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆĪ Ƣƀū ťƊƀƄŶ õ ŪƃĿƦƌ ťƍƃĬĪ IJĬñ ĜťƀƤƌĥ ŧƢŬƘĪ ƎſĪ ŦƼƇſĪ .ĪųƕŁĪ IJĬñ .ťƖŹŁĪ IJĬñ ťƤſűƟĪ ƅſĥĭ .ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ťƤƙƌĪ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƊƆ ƥƊƤƌĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĝťƍūǓĭŤŨ ò ƎƉ Ƣźƒĭ ĝŧƢŨƦƌ ŦƞſĿŁĪ IJĬñ ĜƢƉĥõ ĸŴƀƇƀƐŨ Ŧĭųƌ ťũƀźƉ ŦƼƌǔŶĥ ŦŁŴƀŶ ŦŁŴƍƉĭŤŨ ƁƐƍƉĪ ĭĬĪñ Ƣƀū (137) ljŵƃĥ .ťƀƊƣ ŁŴƆ ŧĿŴŶ ųƆ ƻĥ ñ űſƦƕĪ ĭĬĪñ ĝťƀƍƟĪ ŧĪŁŴƕ ƑƙźƉ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥ ŴƆ ĝŦŁĭƢƉĮĪ ťŷƙƌ ƈũƠƌĪ ƻŤƌųƕĪ ťƍƄſĥ ťƍƃĬ Ƨĥ ĝťƊŶƦƉ ƢƀƙƣĪ ŦƼŶŴƙƉĪ ĭĥ ĝťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ŦƦƍƀƟĪ ƚƇŷƤƉĪ űſƦƕ Ŧĭųƌ ƧĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĝťŷƙƌƦƉĪ IJĬñ ŦƦƍƀƟ ŁŴƆ ųƆ ƻĥ Ŧĭųƌ ñ ĭĬĪñ ťƕĭŵƆ ƥƊƤƌĪ űſƦƕĪ ŧĪŴũƕ Ļĥ ljŵŨ ųŨ .ƢƉĮĪ ĭĬñ ĝķŴƍūĿĭĥ õ ťſƢƤƉ ƼũƆ IJĬĭƻĥ Ŧĭųƌ ķųƕĭ ƋŷíƆĪĪ ťƍƄſĥ Ĝƈũū ťƀƤƌĥ ťƊƣŴŬƆ ñ ŁŴƆ ĝųƆ ƻĥ Ŧĭųƌ ĭĬĪõ ťƍſĥ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ŴƆĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ťƤƙƌĪ ŧƢſĭĪĭ ò ťƊƣŴū ò ò ŧĿĥ .ƎƀƤƊƤƉ ŦƦƇƀƇƉò ŦƦƤƙƍƆ ŴƆĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ĝŦƼƌǔŶĥ ŦŁŴƀŶĪ ñ ñ ƚƆĥŁĪ IJĬñ ĝŦƼƤƌĥ ƎƉñ ťƤƙƌĪ ŦƼƇſĪĪ ƈźƉ ƈƀƃĬ ĝųſƻĥ ťƖŹŁĪ IJĬĭ ñ IJĬñ ƎƉĪ ƢƉŤƌ ĝƈũūƦƌ ťƍƃĬĪ IJĬñ ťƀƤƌĥ ƎſĪ ťƊƣŴūĪ ĝĪųƕŁĪ IJĬĭ Ƨĥ ĝťƤƌƢŨ ŪƃƢƉ ťƊƣŴūĪ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪĪ ŦŁŴƇƀũū ƎƉ ĝĪųƕƦƌĭ ƚƆŤƌĪ

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ò ƎƉ ĭĥ ƑƀƏĭĥò ƎƉĪ ľĪĮ űƃ ĝƻŤƟĪĮ ƁŬƏĭ ñ ƎƍƀƄŷūƦƉ ƢƉŤƌ ťƍƀƃ ò ŁŴƆĭ .ťũƃĭƢƆ ķĭųŨ ƎƍƄƉĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ƎƉ ƎƍſƢƉĥĭ ĝŦƦũƃƢƉ ŦŁŴƀŶ ťũƃƢƉĪ .ƎƀƆĬ ķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƌƢŨ ƎƉñ ƨƘĥĪ ƈźƉ .ŦƼƇſĪ ƻŤƌƢƉ ƢƉŤƌĪ ƻĥ Ƨ Ļĥ Ĝťſųƭ ťƍƀƃ ŁŴƆĪ ƎſĪ ĺĪ ƅſĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ĶűƉ ĪŴŷƇŨ ƻƨſŤƣ Ƨĥ .Ŧųƭ IJĬĭƻĥ ƎƀƆĬĪ ťƍƇũƠƉ ƁŬƏñ ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ űƃ ƑſƢūĭĥĭ ljĬ ƈźƉ .ƢƉŤƌĪ ƎƍſƞƆĥƦƉ ƎƃĬ ĭĥ ƧĥŴƣ ƈƃ ķĥ ĖƑſƢūĭĥĖ .ųƇſĪ ķĭƨƙƟ ƎƉ űŷŨ ƢƉĥñ ŧĪĬ ĜơƘƦƏĥ ĭĥ ĝťƣűū ĭĥ ĝŦƼƇſĪ ĭĥ ĝťƙƇŶŴƣ ĭĥ ťƣĪĥ ĭĥ ĝĨƢźƟƦƉĪ ƻĥ ťƐƍū ŸƄƤƌ (138) ƢƉĥŁĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ĶűƉĪ ƎſĪ ƼƆ ĝŪƃƢƉ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ƎƀƆĬ ƻŤƟĪĮĭ ĖƢƉĥƦƉ ƧĪ ĭĬñ űūƦƐƌ ťƟƦƤŨ ĝŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŁŴƆ Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬ .Ŧųƭ ƈƃƦƐƉ ťƍƀƃ ĭĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ƈƖƆ ĻĥĪ ƈźƉ ĝƢƉĥñ džƊƉ ĸŴſƢŬſƢū ĜƎſĿƞƉ ƎƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ ťƘŴŹ ƈƕ ƋƀƣĿĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨĭ ò ƎſǓŁ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ .ƢƉĥñ Ŧƻųƭ ò ƎƀƆųŨ ljĥ ĺűſñ ťƀƇƖƉò ťƙƇŶŴƣ ĭĥ ĝƦƠƐƘ ŦŁŴƌĭƢŹ ĭĥĪ ĝķŁŴƆĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŴƆ .ŦŁĭűũƕĭ ŦŁĭƢƉ .ƎſųſƻĥĪ ĭĬñ .ŧƢƠƌ ƎƃĬĪ ťƊƀŶĿ ƥƌƧ ķĥĭ .ƋŶŁ ñ ťƍƀƃĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ƨĥ .ƦƣƢƘ ŦŁŴƍƐƄƉ ťƀƉűƟ ťŨǂŨ ĝĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟ Ļĥ ŧĪĬ Ėťƍƀƃ ƎƉ ƈƖƆ Ļĥ ťƀƉűƟ Ƣƀū ƈƖƆĭ ĜħĭŁ ƎſĪ Ŧĭųƌ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ťƍƃĬ ƢƉĥ ƎƍŶŴſĪ ķŴƀƇŬƌĭĥĪ ťƠƣŴƘĪ ñ .IJĬĭƻĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ƈƖƆ ĻĥĪ IJųŨ ñ .Ŧųƭ ŧĪĬ ƎƉ ƻŤƀƤſĿ ťƉĪĪ ĭĬĭ ò ĝŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁĪ ŪƐƌƦƌ ĶűƉ ťƊƆĽ ĻĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ŧűƀũƖŨ ųƆ ƼƆ ò IJĬĭƻĥ ťƍƉĪ Ƣƀū Ƨ Ļĥ ĖťƍƙƆŴſĪ ŦŁĭƻƦŷƆ ƚƇŷƤƉĪ ĶűƉ ųƆ ƼƆĪ .Ǝƍƀƕűſ ťƍƀƄŨ ĭĥ ťƀƏĭŤŨ Ŧųƭ ĭĬõ ťſűƀŷſĪ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉĪ ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉ ŁŴƆĭ ŦŁĭųƭ ŁŴLjƊƉ ŁŴƆ Ļĥ ťƃĿĬ ƎƉ ò ŦŁŴƍƄƐƉ ƎſĪ ŁŴƆ .ƎƍƀŷƤŶƦƉ ŦƻŤƌǔƉ ƨƊŨ ò ŴƆ ĜŦųƭ ŦƦƇƉ ŦųƊƣĪ ò ƎƍŶ Ǝſűũƕ ĝķŁŴƆĪ ƎƍſűũƕĪ IJƦƉĥĭ ljĬ ƈźƉ .ƎƕĪĭƦƤƉĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ŦƻŴŶŁ ñ ĭĥ ĝƎƙƃŁĪ IJĬñ ųſƻĥ ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ŦƼƇſĪĪ ĜƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ƈźƉ ƨƉò ťƤƌƢŨĪ IJĬ ŦƼƇſĪ Ƣƀū ŴƆ ĜƎƍſƢƉĥ ŧĪĬ ƻŤƌƢƉ ŴƆĭ ĝŦƧŁĪ ĭĥ ĝŦĬĽŁĪ ò ƎƍƄƉĪ ĝŦƼƌǔŶĥ ŦŁŴƀŶ ò Ŀĥĥ ƎƟŴƐƌĪ ò ƎƀƆĬĪĭ Ƨĥ ĜŧĪĬ ĪŴŷƇŨ ťƍƤūǓƦƉ ťƀŶĭ ò IJĬñ ĜƻŤƌƢƉ (139) ŧƢƉĥƦƉĪ IJĬñ ŦƼƇſĪĪ ƈźƉ .ƎƀƏǓŁƦƉĭ ƎƀŶ

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ƎƀƆĬĪ ƈźƉ Ƨĥ .ljƢŶĥ Ƌƕ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƣ ųƆ ƼƆĭ ĝƻĥ IJĬĭĪŴŷƇŨ ĶűƊƆĪ ƈźƉ ĜŦƨƌĪ ĭĥ ŦĬƞƌĭ ƎƙƄƌĪ IJĬñ ĝƎſųſƻĥ ĶŴƤū ƧĪ ŦųƭĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ŴƆ ŦƼƇſĪò ťƍƀƄŨ ƎƘĥ Ƨĥ .ƎƀƆųƆ ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ƎƍſƢƉĥ ĬŁŴƆĪ ťƊŶŴƙŨ ĜljĬ ñ ĭĬĭ õ .Ǝſųſƻĥ ŦƼƇſĪò ĜŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉ ƈźƉ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ Ļĥ ĜƎſųſƻĥ ųíƇſĪ ŦĭĬ űƀŷƉ ƻŤƉŴƍƟĪ ƈźƉ ĜťŶĿĭĥ ƎƉ IJƧĪĭ IJĬĽĪĭ ƎƙƃĪ ƢƉĥƦƉ ñ ħǂƉ ƎƀƆĬĭ ĝƎſųƆ ŭƇƙƉĪ ĭĬĭ ñ .ƥŷƌ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƎƄƉĪ ťƊƣŴŬƆ ųƍƉ ñ ƧĪ ŦƦƇƊŨ ƢƐŶñ ĶűƉ Ƨ űƃ ĝŦųƭ ťſűƀŷſ ƎƉ ƎſųƆ ŧƢƄƍƉĭ ĝŦŁŴƤƌƧ ųíƆĭ ñ ŧƢƄƍƉĭ ĜŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉ ŧƢƣñ ĜųƇſĪ ŦŁŴƣŴƤŶ ĝŦųƭĪ ŦŁŴƉűŨ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĭųíƆ ñ ŪƤŶ ťƀƍƀŨĽ ťƟĿŴƏ ƎƉ ĝŦųƆƧ ŦŴƣõ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦĭųƌĪ IJųíƆ õ ťƀƘŴźŶ ŴƆĭ ñ ķƦƇźƉĪ ĭĬñ .ťƤƌĥ ƋŶĿ ťƄƃŴƉĭ ĵŴƄŨ ƋƀƄŶ ŧĪųŨ .ųƆ ĵŴƖƌĪ ƈũƟ .űƉĥõ ƎƀƆĬ ťŷƀƤƉ ĭĬ űŶĪ ťƊūƦƘ ƁƌŴƘĭ ƧĥŴƣĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨĪ ĜĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ñ ƇźƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ļĥ ĜŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƉĪ ƨƉò Ƌƕ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƆŤƕ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ ĬƦ ò ƻŤƌƢŨűƉ ñ ƎƙƄƌĪ IJĬĪñ ljŵƃĥ .ťƀƍƀŨĽ ťƟĿŴƏ ƢũƀƏĪ ĭųíƆ ñ .IJŁĥ ƅſĥ .ŦƨƌĪ IJĬĭ :ƎƙƃĪñ ŦĭĬ ƢƉĥƦƉ Ƨĭ ĝƨƀŶ ųƿ IJĬĭƻĥ ĭĬõ űƃ ĝŦĭĬ ŦƧ ƧĪ Ƣƀū ťƉ ò ťƀƏĿĭŁĪ ƎƄƉĪ ĭĬñ ťƊƣŴŬƆ Ĭűũƕ ųƇſĪ Ƨ Ŵƭ ĝIJĬĭƻĥ ĭĬõ ƈƃĪ ťƀŶĭ ò ųƆ ƎƍſƢƉĥ Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬ .ŦĭĬ ŪƤŶƦƉ ĴĭűŨ ƧŴƕ Ƌƕ Ƨĭ ťƍƃĬ ĜŦƨƌĪĭ ƎƙƄƌĪ Ŵƭ ĝķƦƇźƉĪ ĭĬñ ƈũƏ ťũƀƆĽ űƃ ĝŦƦŹŴƆ ŦĭĬ ŦĭĬñ Ƨĭ .ŦƼźŶ ŦĭĬĪõ ƅſĥ ťƍƃĬ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ űƃ (140) ĖƥƌƢŨŁĥĭ ƢƐŨŁĥ ƎſĪ ŴƌĬ ĝŧƢƐŨ ŦĭĬõ Ƨ ò ñ ƥƌĥ ƧĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ųſƻĥ ƪƭĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉĭ ƚƏĭĥ IJĬñ ĻĥĪ ĝƎƆ ƎƣǔƙƉ ƎƍƃĿĪĥĪ ò ťƐƘŴŹ ò ŁŴƆ ƧĪ ŦƼƕĿŁĭ ĝƢƐŷƌ ŦŁŴƙƀƇſ Ƨ ƎƉ ƎƉŁ ƎƉĭ ĝİĬƢƌ ťƀƏŴƊƌ ò ķƢƉĪ IJĬñ ƈźƉ .ŀŴźƌ ŦƼƉŴƍƟ ŦŁŴſűŷŨ ťƊƇƣ ò ƎƉŁ ŦŤƀŬƏ ťƀƌŵŨ ťƍƍƊŨĪ ƅſĥ .ƎſĪ ƎŨŵŨ .ťŨĬűƉĪ ŦŁŴũƠŨĪ ƅſĥ ƎƉñ ƎŨŵŨ .ƋƣĿƦƉ ĶűƠƉ ò ŦĽŴũŨĪ ƅſĥ .ƎſĪ ƎŨŵŨ .ťƊƐŨĪ ťũƃĭƢŨĪ ƅſĥ .ƎſĪ ƎŨŵŨ .ťźƐƠŨ űƀŶĥĪ ò ƎƀƆųŨĭ ĜŦƦƍƟŴſĭ ò ò ĜƎſųƆ ƎƀƉĪĪ ŧǔƃĪĪĭ ljĭǓĥĪ ťŷŨűŨĭ ĜťƃĿĬ ƎƉĪ ŦƦŷƍŨ ò ò ťƊƣĭǓ Ƣƀū ƎƀƆĬ .ŦƦƌŴƠíƇƙŨĭ ò ťƀƏŴƊƌ ťŨǁĪ ŦƼƍǑĪ ťƀƉűƟ .ŧűƀƊƏĪĭ ò ò ò ò ò ĜŦŁĭƻƦŶ ƎƉĭ .IJĭĬ ķűũƕ ŧĿƢƣĪ ťŹŴƊƕĭ ťſƦƍƉ ŦŵƉǓĪ .IJĭĬ Ǝſųſƻĥ ò ķǔƀƐŶ ƁŬƏñ .ķǔſƞŨĭ IJĭĬ

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ljųŨ ljĿĪƦƤƉ ƈźƉĪ ơƟĥ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ħǁ õ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟ ĻĥĪ IJĬñ ò ò IJƦƉĥ ƻĥ .ŦƻƦƍƉ ŦƻŴŶŁĭ ŧĿƢƣĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƎſĪ ƎƀƃĪŵƉò ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ljĮ ò ƎƀƆĬ ķǔũƕĪ ťƏŴƊƌ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƐƘŴŹĭ ŦƼƍǑĪ ĜƎſĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ĜƎƕűſƦƉĪ ƎſĪ ŦƼƍǑ .ljǔƕŴƐƆ ƎſŵŶĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ŦĭŵŶ ŁŴƆ ťƊƀƏĪ ĶűƉ ŦŁĿĭĽ ƅſĥĭ ò ò ĖƎſųſƻĥ ťƊƣĭǓĪ ŦƼƉűƟ ƎƀƆĬ ĜťƄƍƀƙŨ ƎſƢſĽĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ŦŁŴƍƉĭĥĪ ò űƃĭ .ƎƀƆĬ ƚƇƉ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ ťƘĪŴū ƈũƟŴƆĪ ƎſǓŁĪ ƎſĪ ťƐƉŴźŨĭ ŧĿĥ ƎſĪ ťƍƉ .ħĭŁ ƎſĪ ƁƆ ƢƉĥõ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƢƉĥñ ĭĬĪñ ŦŁŴƀƍƤƆ ƑƄƉ ŦƼƉŴƍƟ IJĬĪñ ƎſĪ ťƖſűſĥ ĝŦŁŴſűŷƆ ŧĿĥ .Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ŦƼƍŬƇƘƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴƙƀƠƌ ťƊƀƐŨĪ IJĬñ ŧĪĬ ĭĥ .ŧĿƢƣĪ ťƍƙƆŴſò ƚƇŶ ƎƍƀƣǁƦƉ űƃ ĝƎƍƀƙƇƉ ƎƍŶĪ IJĬñ ñ ĝťƊŷƘƦƉ Ƣƀū ƈũƠƉ .ťƀƌĿƦƉ ƎƇƘĪ ŦŁŴũſƢƟĪ (141) ĶűƉ ŁŴƆĪ IJĬĭ ñ .Ŧųƭ ƎƉ Ÿƀƙƌ ťŨǁ ŦƦƇƊƆ ťƍƃĬ ĝťƀƌųƃ ĭĬñ ťƣŴƉ ŁŴƆ Ƽƃ ƢƉĥĭ .ťŨĬĪĪ ƎƀƤƊŶ ťƟǓŴƟ űũƕŁĭ .ťƀƉűƟ ĭĬñ .ťƍƄƤƉ ƈźƉ ƨƉò ŪƃƢƉ űƃ .IJĭĬò Ǝſųſƻĥ Ƣƀū ƥƊŶ .ťƟǓŴƠŨ ŦŁƢŶĥ ŁŴƆ ŦŁƢŶĥ ŦƦƖſǔƀƆ ƚƟŁĭ ñ ñ ƻĥ ƻŤƍƇſĪ ĶűƉ ŦŁƢŶĥ ŦĭĬŁĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆ ƎſųƍƉ ŧűŶ ĵŴƃĭ ƎƉ Ƣźƒ .ųíƆ ŦŁŴſűŶ ŁĭĬĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ťƍƃĬ ŴƆ ƎſĪ ƎƍŶ .ťƟǓŴƠŨ ŁĭĬ ťƙƀƠƌ ĜŦƼƌǔŶĥ ƎƀƆĬ .ťƤƙƌ ŁŴſŴƣĪ .ljŵŨ ĭĥ ĝƚƠƌñ ƎƇƙƆ ƎƇƘĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ Ƣƀū ŴƆ .ťŷƀƤƉ ŁŴƆĪ ò ñ ĭĥ ƎƀƍŨĮò ĭűƃ ƎƉĪ ťƍƄſĥ Ƣƀū Ƨĥ .ĭĬõ Ļĥ ťƍƃĬ ĝťƊƣŴŬŨĪ ŦŁŴũſƢƟ IJųŨ .ŦƦƤſűƟ ŦƦƆĭƦŨ ƎƉ ŪƐƌŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ŧƢŬƙƆ űũƕ õ ųƇſĪ ĜŁƢƉĥ ķŤƀŬƏò ĖťƤƙƍƉ Ƨ ŧƢƐũƆ ŴƆ ĜŦųƭ ƎƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ űƀŶŁĥĪ ƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥ ŧĿƢƤŨĪĭ ò ƦƖƊƣĪ ƎſĪ ƈźƉ ŴƆĪ ĝĴŁŴƆ ƦŨǁ ƋſűƟ ƎƉĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ĭƢƟ ƎƀƤƌĥĪ ò ŦŁŴſĪĿ Ƨĭ ŦŁŴƙƀƇſ Ƨ ƎƉ ĝĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟĪ ƨƟò ƦƍũíƆ ƎƀƊƇƣ ƁŬƏ ò ò ŁĭĬĪõ ĸĭĪųƌŴƏ ƈũƟŴƆĪ ƎƀƆĬ ťƤſűƟ ťƣĭǁŁ ƎƉ ƢũƆĪ ķŴƕűƌ ĝŦƦŶƢƉ IJĬĭĪŴŷƇŨ ĭĬñ ĝťŷƀƤƉĪ ŧĪųƏ Ƣƀū ĸĭƢƠƐſĪ .ķĭųƤƙƌ ƋƀƟĥ ljĭűƀƠǀŨ ĭĬñ ĸŴƍƉĭĪ ŁŴƆ ħǁ õ ťƍƃĬ ĜŦŁŴƠſƢƏĪ ťƀƣŴƍƄŨ ƨƖũƆ ťƃĿŴŨ ƚƃ Ƨ ŧǔƉŤƉ ķŴƊƀƐƌĪ ŴŶƢƉĥĪ ķŴƌĬñ ƈźƉ ĝťƀƃŴƀźƌŤŨ ħƻ õ ťƤſƢŨ ƎŨŵŨĪ ò ò ķŴū űŨ ĖĸĭĿŴƠƐſĪĖ .ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƊƀƄŶĪ ĶűƉ ťƊƀƏ ƈƕ ƧŴƕ ò ò ŦƦũòſǁĭ ťŨǂƆ ƎſųƆ ƻĥ ƻŤƀƇŨŴƠƏĭ ĜƎƊƇƣò ƧĪĭ ƎƀƊƀƏ ŦƦƇſűƕ ŧĪĬ ĝĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƘŴƠƐƀƘĥ ķŴŶDŽƄŨ ƑƇƠƉĭ ťƍŨŴŹĪ ƎƀƆųƆĭ .ťƤſűƟò

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ò ŧǔƉŤƊƆ ƎƊƇƣò ƧĪĭ ĜƎſųƆ ťſŴŷƉ (142) ƎƇſűƕĪ ò ŦĭĬõ .ťƤſűƟ ŧĿƢƤŨ Ƣƀū ƎſƢŶĥ ƥƌĥĪ ĭĬõ ķĥ ƎſĪ ħǁĥ .ķŴŨĥ ťŷƆƞƉĭ ťƊƀƄŶ ťƀƇŨĥŁ ťƍƙƇƉ Ƣƀū ò ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƖƀƌĽ ƨƖƘĪ ĪŴŷƇŨ ŴƆ ĝƻƨſűƕ Ƨĭ ƻĥƞſĿŁ ljĬ Ļĥ ĝƨƉĪ űƃĪĭ Ƨĥ ĜųŨ ƁƉĿĥ ťƍƀƃ ŧĿĭǓŵƕ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ƅſĥ ĝljǔŶĥ ķŴƌĬñ Ƌƕ ťŷŨŴƣ Ƣƀū ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉĪ ŦĮĥĿ ĝƻĥƢſƻ ťŷƄƤƉĪ ƅſĥ ƨū õ ĿƦƕ õ ƈƖƆ ƎƉĪ ŦƦŨĬŴƊŨ ñ ñ ñ ƎƉ ĵųƆ ŦŁĥ ƧĪ ĭĬ ĝĭĬĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ĶűƉ ƼƆĭ .ŦųƭĪ ĬƢŨ ťſűƀŷſĪ .űƀũƕ ƁƇƣ ƎƉĪ ťƠƣŴƘ ķĥĭ ĜŦŁƢūĥ ķĥĭ ĜƢƉĥŁ ťŨǁ ķĥĭ .ŦŁĿŴƉĪŁ ƈƃ ŦŁǔƀŷŨ Ǝſųſƻĥ Ǝſųƿ .ťƉǔŶ ķĥĭ ŦƨƙƟò ķĥĭ .ŦŴūĪ ťƊūĿĭŁ ķĥĭ ò ò ƎƊƇƣĭ .ƎſųƆ ƻĥ ƚƀƇū ƢƀƙƣĪ ljĭĬĭ .ŦŁƻƦŶĭ ò ťƍƄſĥ .Ŧƻųƭ ƨƊíƆ ljƦƆŴƄƏĭ ĝƎƀƆĬ ĺűſĪñ ťƊƀƄŶ ŴƍƉĪ ĜƎſĬƦƆŴźƉ ƢƉŤƌĪ ťƊŷƆĪ õ ò ò ƎſĪ ƧŴƕ ĜƎſųŨ ƎƀƄƆųƉ ťƠſĪĮĭ ĜťſƢƉĪ ĬƦŶǓĭĥ ƪſǓŁĪ .ƎƀƌòDŽƃƦƐƌĪ ĖƎſųŨ ķŴƇŷƉƦƌ ĸĭĪųƌŴƏ ƈũƟŴƆ ƎƉñ ķŴƍźƌĪĪ ķŴƌĬñ ĝķŴŨŴŷƌ ŦŁƞƊŶŁ ŴƆ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ ťƤſűƟĪ ťƍƙƆŴſò ķĭųſƻĥĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ŧĿűƏĪ ƎſĪ ťƍſĮò ĝƎſĿųŨƦƤƉ ljĭűƀƠƿĪ ĜťƙƄƌ ťŶĥ ƎſĪ Ʀƌĥ .ƎƀŷƄƤƉ Ƨ ķŴƙźƕƦƌĪ ŦŁŴƀƐƍƉ Ƨ ƈźƉ ĝĸŴƇſĿŴƟ .ťŨƢƟ ĭĬ ťſƢƉĪĪ ĝƅƀƙƇŶ ħƢƠƌ ťſƢƉĭ .ťƉĿĥ ťƍŨǔƠƊƆĭ ĝƢźƌŁĥ ƎƀƆųŨ ò ƎƉ ƢũƆĪ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ ĝťƀŶ ŦųƭĪ ŧǓűƏ ĭűƐŷƊƆ ƥƌĥ įƢƊƌ Ƨĭ ťƏŴƊƌ Ĵĭűƿ ƎƉĪ ųƆ ŦŵŶ űƃ ĝƨƊƐƆ ĭĥ ťƍƀƊƀƆ ťźƐƉĭ ĝŦŁĥñ ťŨƢƟ IJǓűƏĪ ò ñ ƨŨŴƠƆĪ ťźƤƄŨ .ĿĬŵƉ ƅŨ ķŴƖŬƙƌĪ ƎƍƀƆĽ ƋſűƟ ƎƉ ĜŦƦƙƄƌ ĴƦƊƄŶ ĺĪŁĪ ƢƀƙƣĪ ƎſĪ ħĬñ Ļĥ ò ŧǔƠſĥ ñ ťƊƇƕ (143) ljųŨĭ ƨƊƕĪ ŧűƀƕ ƎƆ ƻĥ ƻŤƌƢƐŨ ŴƆĭ .űſƦƕĪ ĭųŨĭ ĝťƀƇŬƌĭĥ ťƐƄźƆ ƎƍſƢƠƀƉ űƃ Ƨĥ .ķĭųƀƇƕ ƎƍƀƆƞƉĪ ƎƀƇſƧ ƥƄŷƇƌĪ ò ĜķŴƄƆ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ƎƀƉĥ .IJĬĭűƀƊíƆƦƆ ƢƉĥñ űƃ ƋƇƣĥ ķƢƉĪ ĭĬñ ťƐƘŴźƆĭ ò ò ò ĭĥ ŦƦŨò ơũƣĪ ñ ƥƌĥ ƼƆĪ ĝťƀƍŨ ĭĥ ĝŦŁƦƌĥ ĭĥ ĝťƉĥ ĭĥ ťŨĥ ĭĥ ĝŦŁŴŶĥ ĭĥ ťŶĥ ò ñ ƧĪ ĝķŴƀƇŬƌĭDŽźƉĭ IJƦƇźƉ ťƏǓŴūĥ ĭĥ ťƍŨŵŨ ťƣĬ Ǝƀƙƕ ŦŤƊŨ ŪƐƌ ò ŦŁŴŶĥĭ ò ŦŁųƉĥĭ ñŦŁĥĪ ťƊƇƖŨĭ .ťƀƘĭĪĿ Ƌƕ ťƏǓŴūĥĭ .ťƀƍŨĭ ò ťŶĥĭ ò ŦƦŨò ĜljĬ ò ĝIJĪĭƦƣĥ ƻŤƌƢƐŨĪ ƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥ ĴĭűŨ Ƨ ĜķƢƉ ƢƉĥõ ƎƀƆĬ űƃ .ƋƇƖƆĪ ťƀŶ ò ñ ŧűƀƊíƆƦƆ ķĭĭųƌĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆ ŦĭĬ ŦƼƉ ĭĥ ĝƻŤƍƤŬƤƉ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥ ĭĥ

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ò ƈƕ ķŴƐũƌĭ ĝƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ ƎſƢƀƖƘ .ƎƊƆƦƤƉ ĶĭƦƊƉ ƧĪĭ ĝŧĿƢƤŨĪ ŦƦũŹ ñ ƎƀƆĬĭ .ĬŁŴƌŤƃĭ ŦųƭĪ ĬŁŴƄƇƉ ŴƖŨĪ ĝŦŁƢŶĥ ŦǁĭűŨ ƢƉĥĪ õ ljŵƃĥ Ƨĥ ò ñ űƃ ťƃĿĬĭ ťƍƃĬ ĜķŴƄƆ ƎƙƏĭŁƦƉ Ǝſųƿ ťƍƄƆŴƉĪ ŦŁŴŨĿ ƋƀƠƌĪ ťƖŨ .ƎŨųſŁƦƉ ĶŤƟĪ ťƍŨŵŨĪ ķŴƌĬñ Ǝƀƙƕò ŦŤƉĭ ĜŦƦƙƏĭŁĪ ŦƦƍƊŨĪ ƅſĥĪ .ƢƉĥñ ŧƢũƏĪ ƻĭĬ ƅƆŴƃĪĭ .ťƀƇƊƤƉ ƢſƻĪ ŦƼƕĿƦŨ ljĥ ŧűŶñ ƅƊƕ ƎſĪ ĶƢŨ ñ ĜűſƦƕĪ ƎƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ Ŧųƭ ƎƉ ŁƢƉĥŁĥĪ IJĬñ .ljĥ ĮĭĿĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ljĥ ƢƉĥĭ ƗƊƤƌĭ ĴŁŴƆ Ŧųƭ ťſƢƉ džƊƉĪ ťƉ ƈƃĪ ĝťƣŴƊƆ ĭƢƉĥĪ ƈſĥƢƐſĥ ò ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ƦƖƊƣ ñ .űũƖƌĭ ƻĥƞſĿŁ ĝĴŁŴƆ ĭƢƉĥĪ ťƉ ƈƃ ljĬ ťƊƕĪ ƨƉĪ ķĭĭųƌĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĝķĭųŨ ķĭųũƆ ťƍƃĬ ŦĭųƌĪ ĵƦƌ ŴƍƉ õ .ŴLjƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ǝſųƿ ò ƎſƢźƌĭ ĝƁƍƉ ƎƀƇŶĪ ò ŦŁ .ķĭųƆ Ŧĭųƌ ƢƀƙƣĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ŦƦƉŴſ ķĭųƿ ƁƌűƟŴƘ ñ űƃ ųŨ ñ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƉñ ƎƀƌĬñ (144) űƃ ĝŴŨƢƟŁĥ ťźƣŴƤƆĭ ŦƼƕĿƦŨ ųŨ ñ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁ ƎƉĭ .Ʀƌĥ įƦƉƦƉ ťƉűƠƆĪ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ ĜƦƌĥ ťƖŹ ŧĿƦƐŨĪ ƻƨƀƇŨ Ƨ ƎſųƍƉĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ĝťſƼƉ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ŁŴƆĪ IJĬñ ĝƨƄƐƉĪ IJĬñ ƻĭĬĪĭ ťƠŶĭƢƆ ĿŴƣ ĜťŷƀƤƉ ĺŴƤſ ƎƟĭƢƘĭ Ŧųƭĭ ťſƢƉ űŶ ĭĬñ IJĬĭƻĥ ñ ƢƉĥ Ʀƌĥ ťƊƀƇŶ ťƀƌĭűƠƊƆ ħĭǁŁĪ Ʀƌĥ űſƦƕĪ ĭĬõ ķĥ ƻĥƢſƻĭ ĝųíƆ ťƙƇŶŴƣĭ ŦƼƇſĪ ŧűŷƃĥ Ʀƌĥ ŧĪŴƉĪ ŁƢƉĥõ Ʀƌĥ Ƣƀū űƃ .ŦŁŴƍƊſĬ ĵŴźƉ ljĮ ƈƄŨĭ ĝķĭųƆĭ ķĭųƍƉĪ ĭĬñ ŴƆĭ ĝŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ ƅſĥĪ ĭĬñ ò ħĭŁĭ ĝťŷƀƤƉ ťƍŬƇƘƦƉ Ƨĭ űŶ ĭĬñ IJĬĭƻĥ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƄƆ ĝŀƢƙƉ ƦŷƃƦƣĥĭ ƦƙƟĥ ĶűƉ ƈƃ ŦŁŴƀƇſĪĭ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŷƆ ñ :ǂũŶĭ õ ñ ñ ƼƆĪ ťƙƃ ĜťũſǁĪ ƅſĥ ƅƇſĪ ŦƻĪĭŁ ƎƉ ljDŽƠƣ .ťŷƊƟ űũƕŁĪ ƨƀŶ ųíƆ ƎſĪ ŧĪųƆ .ƗƣĭĬ ťƀũƌ ƎƉñ ŧĪĬĪ ƎƀƇſĥ .ŪƀƠƌĪ ŧĿĿƞŨ Ʀƌĥ ƥƍƄƉ ŧƢūĥĭ .űũƕñ ťƐƘŴƐƇƀƘ ƁŬŶ IJĬñ ƧĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆ .ƚƏĭŁŁĥ ƻŤƍŶƞƙƉ ĪŴŷƇŨ ĭĬ ťŨŴŶ ƈźƉ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĶűƉ ŦŁĭŤƀƌųŨĭ ťƀūĿŴƙŨĭ ƻƨſųŨ Ƨĥ .ŦƦƇƊƆ ƻĥ ƻŤźƇŷƉ Ƨ ťƘĿƞƉĪ ƎƉ ŧĪųŨ Ļĥ ƅƆĪ ĭĬõ ķĥ ĝƎƍƀƆŴƖƉĪ Ƣƀū ƎſĭĬ ƎſƢŨƦƐƉ .ťū ŵƊƉ ŦĭĬŁ ķŴƃƦƇƉĪ .ŧƢƉĥ űƃ ŧűƠƘĭ ƨūƢƙƉ ŦƼŷƀƇƣ ƎſĪ ŦƦƇƉĭ .ƋſƢƌ ťū ĮŴƉ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƤŨ űƃĪ ƎſĪ ƎƆ ŦĭĬŁ .ťƃűƊƉ ŦĭĬŁ ťŷƇƊŨ ŦŁŴũƀźŨ ĜƗƣ ƈƃ ƎƉ Ǝƍƀźƀƣ Ŧĭųƌ ĜƎƀƆĬĪ ťƍƙƆŴſ ƎƍſűƀŶĥ űƃĭ ĝƎƍſĭĬñ ŦƼŷƀƇƣ ťŷƇƉĪ

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ò ĶĭƦŷƌ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƍƊſųŨ ĜŦƦƖŨĪ ŦŁǔſƻ ƎƀƆĬ ĻŴźƠƌ ťƍƃĬĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĜŦƦũƤŷƉ .ŦƼƀũƌ ŦƦƇƉ ŧƢƉĥ ĺűƌ ƨƘĥ ĜƎƊſųƌ Ƣƀū Ƨĥ .ƎƉŁ ƎƉĪ ŦƦƊƄŶ ĖĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏ ŁŴƆ ŧĿĭŤƏ ťƃƢſƢźƘĪ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ƦƊƇƣĖ õ

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ŧĿĭŤƏ ťƀƐŶĪ ĬŁŴƆ ĜĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏĪ ųƇſĪ ƦƆŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥĖ (145) ĖťƃƢſƢźƘ ƧĪ ƁƇſĪ ŦŁŴƍƉĭĥ ƎƉ ƼƉűƟĭ .ƁƇſĪ ŦŁŴƙƀƇſ ƨŨ ljĥ ƥūƢƉ ƻĥƢŶŴƤƉ ñ .ķŁŴƆĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƥƌĥ ƢƉĥĪ õ ťƍƄſĥ .ťƀƇƣĪ ĸŴƌĭűƍƀƟ ƧĪ Ƣƀū ŧƢƠſĥ .Ʀƕűſ ò ò ñ Ƨ ŧĿƼƠƆ Ƨĭ .ťƍƍƐƊŷƉ Ƨ ťſųƭ ťƏŴƊƌ ŁŴƆĭ ƎſĪ ƻĭĬñ .ƦƖƊƣ ò ñ .IJŁŴƙƏ ƈƕ ŧĪŴŶĥ ťƕĿŁĭ ĝƁƉŴƙƆ ŦŁĿŴźƌ ťſƢƉ ƋƀƏĪ ĝƧƞƉ űƃ ƦƖƊƣ ò ò ò ò ŦƼƕǓŁĭ Ǝƃ ĿƦŨ ñ ťƊƀƄŶĪ ĜƼƕƦƣĥ ñ ŦǁƦƙƉ ƎƀƆĬ ƨƟ ƦƍũŨĭ .ƦƠŶĪ ò ƈƘĥ ƧĪ ťƖƀƌĽ ťƖũŹ IJŁŴƙƏ ƈƕĭ ĝŦŁĭĿŴźƌ ƁƉŴƘ ƈƕ ĵƦƌ ƎƉĪñ .ťƍƤƆ ƎƉ ĭĥ ƻĥƢſƻ ťƕĿĥ ƎƉ ŦƦƕĿŴƣĭ .ƁƊƕ ħƢƠƌ Ƨ ƁƍƤƆĭ ĜƎſųƍƉ õ ĝljĥ ƦƙƇſ ŦƼźŶ ƈƀƃĬ ŧĪĬ .ƦŷƃƦƣĥ Ƨĭ ťƠſƦƤƆ ŦŁŴǀƏ ƼƖŨŁĥ õ ñ ŦƦƤƀũƆ ŦƦƤƀũŨĪ ƦƌĪñ Ƨ ĝťƕĿŁ ƧĪ ťƍƤƆĪ ĭĬñ ŦƦƕűſĥ ƧĪ ťƠƐƘĭ ĝťƏĥ ñ ŦƦƙƀƙƕ ljĥ ĺűſñ ŴũƀŹĭ .ťŨŴŶ ƎƀƐƄƉĪ õ ƎƀƆųƆ ƎſĪ ljĥ ƚƏŴƉ .ƦƇƠƣ ñ .ťſĿŤŶ ljĭųŨ ħĭŁ ƎƀƄƇƉ ƎƀƍƏĪ õ ƻŤƊƀƄŶĪ ƎƀƆųŨĭ .ljĥ ŧĪĿƦƉĪ ŦųƆƧ ò ò ŦƦƕƞƊŨ ĜťƀŶĪ ŦŁŴƍƐƄƉ ťƖƊƣĪ ljĪĥĭ .ƻĥƢƀƄƣ ƎſƼƉ ŦŁŴƍƐƄƉ ƋƆ ò ò ñ .ųƤƙƌ ƋŶĿ ñ .ŁŴŨŁ ťƊƀƄŶĪ ŦŁŴƍƐƄƉ ƢźƌĪ ĭĬĭ ñ ĜŦŁŴƍƐƄƉ ƢźƌĪñ ĭĬĭ ò ŦƦƤſűƟ ķŴƄƇſĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ťƍƃĬ .ƁƤƙƌ ŁĥĿŁŁĥ ŦƦũŹ Ǝſųƿ ƎƀƆųŨ .ŸŨƦƤƌ .ŁƢũñƀƏ Ŧƻųƭĭ űƃ ťƍſƢƟ ųƿ Ƣƀū ljŁĥõ .ƨƟ ŁƢũŨ ƻĭĬñ ơƐƘƦƉ ĜťſĿŴƣ ƎƉ ŧűŷƉ Ƨĥ ñ ŁűŬƌ ƧĮƢƘĪ ƦƖƊƣ ñ ŴŬƆĭ ĜŁűƠƘ õ ƈƀƇƟ ƁƤƙƍŨ ĿŴŶĥ ĜƧĮƢƙƆ ƥźƆ ñ ŦƼƍƀŹ IJƦũƤŷƉĭ .ƁƇſĪ ŦŁŵŷƆ ƧƦƉ ŁŴƆ ƎƃĿƦŨĭ .ƻŵŶñ ťſĿŴƕĮ ƁŬƏĪ ò ŧĿűƟ ťƘŁĭƦƤƉ ťƍƉĪ ĝťƊƀƄŶ ƎƉ Ƣƀū (146) ljĥ ơŶƢƉ Ƨ .ƦŹĬĿñ ĭĬñ ñ ťƤƠƌ IJĬĪñ ĝťƏűƟ ŁŴƆ ñ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƐŷƊƆ .ŧƢŨŁƦƉ IJĬĭ .ƋƄŶŁĥĪ IJĬñ ƦƤƍƃ ƈƄƆ ťſĿŴƣĪ IJĬñ ĜƎſűſĬ ƎſĪ ƎſűſĬ .ƻĭĬñ Ʀŷƌñ ťƃƢƣĪ ƎƀƌĬñ ƨƉò ŁŴƆĭ ò .ƁƆ ťƣűū ŦŁĿŴƉĪŁ Ƨ ƈƀƄƉ ųƿ ƈƃĭ .ŧĿĬŴƌ ƎƉ ƑƙƟ õ ƎƉñ ťƍƀƕĪ ò ŦŁŴſƢƃĪ ŦƦƍƤƆ ĻĥĪ IJĬñ .ŁĭĬ ŧƢſĽ ŦƼƕĿŁ .ťƤƙƍƆ ķǓųƍƌĪ IJĭĬò ƎŷƄƤƉ ŦŁŴƙƀƇſ Ƨ ƎƉ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁ ŧűſĥ ƅſĥĪ ƎſĪ ŧűſĥ ƅſĥĪ .ŁĭĬ ŧűũƕ ťƏŴƌĭűƍƀƟ ò ŦŁŴſĪĿ ĜƦƙźƟñ ƻĥ ƎƀƆĬ ƈźƉ ťƍƄſDŽƀƃĬ ljĥ .ťƣĿŁĥ ƑƀƏĭĥò ƁƄƘĬĪ

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ò .ťŶĭƢŨ ljĥ ơƙƌ ñ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŧĪųƏ ljDŽƠƣñ ŦųƆƧ űƃ ĝŦƼƕĿŁ ƁƆ ƨƄƏĪ ò ƁƆ ƎƀũƀƤŶ .ťƃŴŹĭĥĪ ŦŁŴƀƍƣĪ ťƐƍū ƁƍŨĭ IJĿƦƣĥ ŧƢƐŨ Ƣƀū űƃ .ƎƀƤſĪ ķƦƇźƉĪ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁĭűƀƇſĪ ŦĮĥǓ ƎƉñ ƼƉűƟ ñ ŁƢũƕ ĪŴŷƇŨ ťŶĭĿĪ .ťŨĿ Ƨ ŦŁŴƆĭƦŨ ƢźƌŁŁĪ IJĬñ ĜŦŁĭųƆƧ ƢũƖƌ .ųŨ ĜƻŤƌƢƐŨ Ƣƀū ŁűƇſ .ŦŁƢſƢƣ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉĭ ĜĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťŨƧ ƈƀƃĬ ŦŁĿŴƉĪŁ ťſŴŶƦƉ Ƣƀū ŧĪųŨ .ťŨĥ Ŧųƭ ƎƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ ĝŦĭĬõ ŧƢƐŨ űƃ ò ƎſƢźƌƦƉĪ .ťƍƀƃ ťƃĪŵƉ űƃĭ .Ŧųƭ űƇſƦƉ ƎſĪ ťƀƌƢƐŨ ĜŧűƇſĪ ƎƉñ ťƏŴƊƌ ťũƃĭĿ űƃ ƎſĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ťſĿƦƤƉ Ƨ ťƀƍƊƣŴū ŧűƇſ ŦĭĬõ űƃĭ ĜƢƀū ŦŁŴƆĭƦŨ ò ťŨĬĪ Ƣƀū ķĥ .ƁƇƕ Ƣũƕ õ ŦŁŤƊŹ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĝljĥ ŧĪŴƉ ŦŁųŨĥ ŁŴƉűŨ ñ ƥƌĥ ŦƦƙƏĭŁ Ĝűƀŷƌ ťƃűƉ űƃ ťƀƇƐƉ ƎſĪ ljƢŶĥ ĝƈƃ ƎƉ ťƃĪĪ ĭĬñ ŪƐƌ ƈũƟŴƆĪ įƢƊƌ ƎſĪ ŴƍƉ õ .ťũƃĭĿ ŴƆĭ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ljĬ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ĭĬ ñ .ŦŁĭųƭĪ ŦƦƙƏĭŁ ƋƇƕƦƌ ĝŦƼƇƊƤƉ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ƧĪ ĭĬñ ƎſĪ ƎſĪ ŪƐƌ IJĬñ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ (147) ŦŁŴŶƢƉĪ ŧĿĥ .ŦĭĬõ ƎſĪ ŦŁƢŷƆ .ƋſűƟ ƎƉ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ñ ťſĭĿĪ IJĬñ .ĸŴſĿĥĪ ljĭĬ ŁĭƢƀƐŶĪ ĭĥ Ĝųſƻĥ ƻŤƙƍŶ ųƆĥŁĪ ťƀƖƏĪ ò ťƙƇŶŴƣ ƈƃ ƎƉĭ .ŦŁŁƦƐƉ ŦƦƇƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ǝſųƿ .ŦƻƢŨ ŦŁĭųƆŤŨ IJĬĭƻĥ Ŧųƭĭ Ŧųƭ ŁŴƆĭ .ŦƦƇƉ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƣƀū ƼƤſƢŨ .ƎƀƇƖƉò .ŦĭĬõ ŧƢƐŨĭ .ŦĭĬ ťƣĬĭ IJĬĭƻĥĭ ĝűũƕ õ Ƨ ĸŴƌĭűƍƀƟ ŦŁĭųƭ ťƀƏĭƧĭ ƋƤūŁĥĪ ƎſĪ ljŵƃĥ ò Ƨ ŦƻŁŤƊƆ ťƀũƌ ťƍƃĬ .ŧĿƢƣ Ƣźƌ õ ųƇſĪ ñ ŧƢƐũƆĭ ťƍƃĬ ĜŧƢſƢƣ Ŧųƭĭ ĝƎƍƀƖŹ Ƨ ŦŁŴŬūĬ ŁŴƆ ƎƍŶ ťƍƃĬ .Ŧųƭ ŦŁĥ ƻŤƍſŵŶƦƉĪ ƎſƢƉĥĪ ĝŴƇūĪ ò ljųƆĭ .ƎſĭĬô ŦƦƇƉĪ ťſŵŶò ķŴƌĬĪĪ ñ ĵŴƃĭ ƨƘƢƕ ƅſĥ Ƣƀū ķĥ .ƎƤū ťſűſŤŨ ò ò Ļĥ ĝŧĿƦƤƉ ťƀƍƤƊƣ ťƠƀƆŵŨĭ ĝĿĥĥ ŁŴƆ ơƇƏ ťƕĿĥ ƎƉĪ ťūųƆ IJŵŶŁĥ Ƨ .ƎƍƀƘűŬƉ ųƆ õ Ʀƣűū ŧĪĬ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ťƍźƆŴŷŨ ķƢƉĪ ųƊƣŴŬƆ Ƨĭ ĜƢŨĪñ ƎƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ĶűƉ Ƨĭ .IJƧ Ƨ .IJĬĽ Ƨ .Ǝƙƃ Ƨ .ƥƤūŁĥ Ƨ .Ŧųƭ ñ ĝƼƉĪ ƢƉĥĪ ñ ljĥ ƢƐŶ ƁŬƏĭ ñ .ƗũƟŁĥ ťũƀƆƞŨ ųŨ ƋƤūŁDŽƀƄƉ ƧĪ ĭųíƆ ò ťƍƘĪ Ƣƀū ŧűſƧñ .ťƖũƌ ŦĽĽĪ ťƐƘŴŹĭ ťƉĭĥŁ ƁŬƏñ ŪƠƖƌ Ƨ .ŦŁŴƀƉ ťƊƣŴū ƎſĪ ķĥ .ƢƉĪƦƌ Ƨĭ .ŦŵŶƦƌ ĺŴƤſ ĭĬõ ŦƦƕƞƊŨĭ .ťƕǓŁ ķĭűŶŁƦƌ .ŧűſĥ ħƢƠƉ ñ ƼƆ ťƉǔūĭ ŧƢƐŨ ťŶĭƢƆĪ ĝĭŵŶĭ ƁƍƌŴƣŴūĪ ƢƉĥĭ ñ ƎſŵŶĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝųíƆ

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ťŶĭĿ űƃ ĝƢƉĪƦƉ ƎſĪ ŴƍƉ õ .ŧĿƢƣ ŁŴƆ ƎƀƌĪĥò ĿŴƄƐƌ ĜƁƆ ƻĥĪ ƁƆ ķĭƦƌĥ Ǝƍƀƕűſ ljĬĪ ŦƦƊƄŷƆ ťŶĭĿĭ .Ŧųƭ Ƣƀū ĭĬ ťŶĭĿ .ťƀƊƣ ŁŴƆ İĬĿñ .ĴƢƣñ ƈƃ ƎƉ Ƣſƻ ƦƍƀźƟ .ŦƼƃĪ ŦƼƌƦƕĭűſ įĭĿ ƈƃ űƀŨĪ .ŦƦƍƀźƟ ò ò ķĭųŨ ťƊƃ Ƨĭ .ŦųŨĥĪ ťŨĥ ĝljƦŨŴŹ ĭĥ ƎƍŶ Ǝƀƍƣ ƎƀƆĬ ŴƆ ťƐƃŴźƒŤŨ .ƎƍƙƇſ ŦŁƻƦŶ ƅƇƟ ŁƢŨ ƎƉ ƎƀƆĬ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ljĥ ƎƊſųƉ ŧƢƐũƉ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƃ ƎſĪ űŶ (148) ťƊƣŴūĪ ĜƁƆ Ʀƌĥ ťƣĿ .ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƉ ƎƉ ljĥ įƢƏñ ĶűƉ Ƨĭ ĝŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ ñ .ťƤƙƍƆ Ļĥ ljĥ ĺűſñ ljĬ Ƌƕ ƎſĪ ljĥ .ljĥ ƚƇŷƤƉ ŦƦƇƉĪ ƁŬƏñ ljĥ ƗƊƣĪ ò ñ ĭĬñ ĜƢƉĥĪ ñ ljDŽũƠƉĭ .ƋƇƖƆĪ ťƀŶ ųƆ ƻĥ ĜƁƉĪ ŦƦƣĭ ñ IJƢƐŨ ƈƃĥĪ ò ò ñ ħĭŁĭ ƁƤƙƌ ƋƀƏĥĪ ƁƆ ƻĥ ťƍźƆŴƣĪ .IJĬŴƇƟ ƦƍŨ ƎƀƆųƆĭ ljĥ ƗƊƣ õ ñ ťƍƄſĥ .ƻĥƢſƢƣ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ŦųƆƧ ĵƦƌ .ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ƈũƇŨŁĥ ĶűƉ Ƨĭ .ųƀũƏĥ ťƀƌƢƐŨĪ ƎƊſųƌ .Ŧųƭ ƼƉĪ ŦŁŴƉ ĮŵŨƦƌĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ŦŴƤƌõ ķƦƇźƉ ƥŷƌ ĻĥĪ IJŵŶŁĥĪ ljĮ ljĬ ĜĺŴƤſ ljĬ .ĮƢƄƌ ƎƇſĪ ŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƦƊƀƠƆ ƧĪ .ŦƼƉò ƎƉ ƋƟ ò ñ .ŦŁĥñ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦƻŁŤƊŨĭ ťƍƃĬ ĜťƀƊƤƆ ơƇƏĪ ñ ŧűƀƊíƆƦƆ ƈƕ ħƻĭ ò ƨƊƏĭ ťƍƀƊſ ŁŴƆ ťƍƃĬ .ĬŁŴƆ ƎƀƊƀƟ ťƤſűƟò ťƃƨƉ űƃ .ųŷŨŴƣĪ ťƀƏĿŴƃ ò ĝŀƢƙƉ ƈƠƣĪ õ ĭĬñ ĝťƍſĪõ ƢũƀƏ ķƦƇźƉ Ƣƀū ƋƤūƦƌĪ .ťŨǔƕĭ ťſűū ò .ťƤƌƢŨ ƅſĥ ŸƃƦƣĥ ťƊƄƏŤŨĭ ĝŧűũƕĪ ŦŁŴƉĪ ò ŦƼƃĭĪĭ ťŶĭƢƆ .ŦŴŷƌ ŦƼƍƀŶĥ õ õ ò ò ķŴƃŁŴƍƙƇƉ ƅſĥĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .ƨƊƏ ƎƀƇſĥĭ ťƍƀƊſ ƎƀƇſĥ ŦƼƍƄſƦƐƉ Ƨ Ƣƀū ò ŦƦƇƉ Ƣźƌñ ƈƀƃűƕĪ ĝĭƢƟĪĪ ĭųŨ ò ťƐƘŴŹĪ ñ ƎſƢƀŶ ťƤƌĥ ƁƊŶǓ ťƤŶĪ .ťƊƣŴŬŨ ƈſĥƢƐſƧĭ ljĥ ĺűſñ .ƢƐũƉĪ Ƨĥ .Ŧųƭ ĺŴƤſ ųǀƆ ƈƀƃĬ ljĥ ųƊƤƉ õ ò Ƨĥ ĜĪŴŷƇŨ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ƌƕ ŴƆ .ƎſĿƞƊƆ Ʀŷõƌ ƎƤƙƌ ƥƊŶĭ ƎƀƖũƤŨĪ ò ò ò ñ ƎƊƤŬƉĪĭ ťƀƕƞƉ ĭĬ űŶĪ Ĝljĥ ĿŤŶ ƻĥƢſƢƣ ƨƟ ƦƍŨ ƎƀƆųŨĭ .ljDŽƃƦƐƉ ò ŦųƭĪ ŦƦũƤŷƉ ŁŴƆ ŴƆ ĜŧĪųŨ Ƨĥ .ťŷƀƤƉ ĺŴƤſ ťƤƌƢŨ ĝťƤƍƀƍŨĪĭ .ƎƆ IJŵŶŁĥ Ŧųƭ ƎƉĪ ŧƢũŬƆ Ƣƀū (149) ljĥ ĺűſñ .ljĥ ĺƢƣñ ŦƦƊƀŷƣ űƣĥĪ ĜơƕŵƉ ƻĥųƭĪ ťƀũƍƆĭ ĝƥƌƢŨŁĥ ƻŤƀƇƊƤƉĪ ĜťƀƇƊƤƉ Ŧųƭ ųƿ ñ ĪŴŷƇŨ ťƊƣŴū ŦŁŴƠſƢƐŨ ŴƆĭ .ƢƐŨ ƈƃ ƈƕ ƁŶĭĿ ƎƉ ĜljDŽƃƦƐƉ

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ò ųƿ ťƊſŴƟ Ƨĥ ĜťƀƇƊƤƉĪ IJĬñ ĺĪĭŁĪ ŧűƖƉ ŦƦƍƉ űƃĭ .ljDŽũƠƉ ťƤƍƀƍŨĪ .ƦƙƇſñ ťſƢƟƦƉ ŧĪĬĪ ĜťƀƊƤƆ ŦĬĭ .ƈƄƆ ljĥ ųƊƤƉ ťƊƇƕ ĴĭűŨ ťƍƃĬ ƦƍŨò Ǝſųƿ ŁŴƆ ĝŦƼƃĪ ŦŁĿŴƉĪŁ Ƌƕ ƁƤƙƍŨ ƦŹĬĿõ ŦŁƢſƢƣ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁ ŧĪĬ ò Ĝljĥ İĬĿĭ ò ƨƟò ò ŦƼƏŴƊƌĭ ñ .ťƤſűƟò ŦŁųŨĥĪ ƢƉŤƌ .ljĥ ƋŶƦƉ Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪĭ džƊƉ ĸŴſƢŬſƢū ĜťũƃĭĿĭ ťƍźƆŴŶĭ ťū ĮŴƉĭ ƈƀƃŁ űƃ ƈƀƃĬ ò ƎƉĪ .ljƢƕŴƏ űŶ ljĥ ĺűſ Ƣƀū ťƊƣ ŁŴſŴƤŨ .Ŧƻųƭ ò ĺűſŁĥ ŦŤƀŬƏò ŦųƊƣ ñ ťƤƙƍƉ ŧƢƐŨ ŁŴƆ ŦųƭĪ ŦƼƤſĿ Ƣƀū ŦŁŴſűŶ .ƁƆ ƨũƆŴŨĭ ĜljDŽƃƦƐƉ ò ñ ĭĥ ƅƘĬ Ƣƀū Ƨ .ljĭųƆ ƚŬƐƉ Ƨ ƦƍŨ ƎƀƆĬĭ ƎſĪ ƢƉŤƌ .ƋƇƖƆĪ IJųíƆ ò ƨƟò ťƙƇŶŴƣ ŴƆ .ųƆĥŁĥ ƎſĪ ljĬ .ųƭ ƎƉñ ljĬ ķĭųƍƉĪ .ŦŁĿŴƉĪƦƆ ƎſŴƣĪ ò ƅƘĬŁĥĪ õ ŴƆ ĜƎƍƉ ƢƉĥƦƌ ƋŷƉĪĪ ĭųƌĥ õ Ƣƀū ƧĮƢƘ .ťƀƃŴũŶĭ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƙƇƉ ñ ťƍƃĬ Ļĥ Ƣƀū ŦŴƠƉ ĜŧĿŴƍƆ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶ Ƣƀū űƀŷƉ .ƢŨƦƐƉ õ ŧĿŴƍƆ ųíƆ ťƍƄƉ ƧĪ ťŶĿƦƐƉ ĜķŁŴƆĪ ŧĿŴƌ ŧƢƙƃ ƧĭĬĪ ťƀƏĭŤŨ Ƣƀū Ŵƭ .ƧĮƢƘ ƁũƕŁĥĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆĭ .ŻƇŶŁŁ Ƨ ƧĭĬĪ ĶűƉ ťƀƏĭŤŨĪ ĭųƌĥ õ ĝŦŴƟŁ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥĪ ò ò ĜƨƟ ƦƍŨ ƦƆŤƣĥ Ƣƀū űƃ .ƁƌĭųŨ ƢŬŶĥĪ ljĥ ơŶĪ ñ ƁŬƏñ ĜƢźƟĭ õ ŦƦƇƉ ƎƀƆųƆ .ƈũƟ ŧƢŬƘĪ ƎƇſĪ ŦŁŴƀũƕĪ .ƦƠƤƘ ñ Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪ ķŴƃƼƕĿŁ ƅſĥ ò ò ŦƦŷũƣƦƆĪ ĜťŨĥ ƎƉ ƎƀƘƢū ħĭŁ ŧĪĬ ƎƉ ĝƻƨŨŴƠƏ ƎƊƀƏĪ (150) ƎſĪ ťƀƣŴƍƃ ĶűƟ ĜťƣĬ ƧŁ ŦŁĿŴƕĮ ťƤƙƌ ƋƕĪ ĭĬñ Ĝljĥ ƻĭĬñ ŸƄƤƉĪ ƅſĥ ñ .ƻƢƣñ ķŴƄƇſĪ ťƍƟŴſò ƅſĥ ĜŦĭĬõ ťƙƀƙƕĪ IJĬĭ ñ ƦƣǁŁĥ ƎũũźƉĪ ƨƉò ƎƀƌĬĭ õ ñ ñ ƎƉ ĭĬñĪ ƎſĪ ŴƆ .ŦŵŶƦƉ ĭĬĪñ ƎſĪ ŴƆ .ƈƃƦƐƉĪ ĭĬĪ ťŨĥĪ . ƦŶƦƘ ķŴƌĬ ñ õ ŦųƭĪ ĜƎƍŶ ƎƀƇƙƌ Ƨ ƎƀźƣŴƉ ƎƀƆĬ ƅſĥĪĭ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƀƆĬ űƃ .ƈƃƦƐƉĪ ò ò ťƤƀŨĪ õ IJĬñ ŁŴƆ ťƤſűƟ ŦŁųŨĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ĭĬõ ķĥ ĝŦųƀƉŁ ƎſĪ ťƍƉ .ĽĿƦƉ ò ò ťƃĿĬ ƎƉ ķĭųƆŴƕĭ ĝƎſĿŴƣ ťſųƭ ťŨǁ ƈƕ ĻĥĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ĝƎƀƇƠƣ .ķĭĿƢƤƌĪ ŴŬūĬŁĥ ò ò ƎƀƆųƆĭ .ƎƀƣǓƦƉĪ ƨƟ ƦƍŨ ƚƇŶ ťŶĭƢŨ ľŴƘĥĪ ƈƀƄƉ ƁƆ ĭĬ ťƍŨĮ Ƨĥ ťƍƃĬĪ ƎƀƆųƆĪ ĝťƠƐƕ ƎſĪ ĭĬ ljƢƕŴƏ .Ŀűƕĥ ŧƢŹŴŷŨ ƎƉǔƉ ƻŤŬƀƍŶĪ ò ò űƃ Ƨĥ .ťƤƙƌ ĵŁĥ ƎſƼƉ űũƕĥ ťƣĭǁŁ ŁŴƆ Ĝljĥ ŸƤƉ ŦƦƤſűƟò ĴŁŴƆƞŨ ñ űƃ ƈƀƃűƕ ƎſĪ Ƨ .ťũƃĭĿĪ ťƉŴŶŁ ƢƉĥñ űƃ ƎƉñ ĶűƟŴƆ .ťƀƖƏ ljDŽƠƣ ò ƦŷƤŶŁĥ ŦĮĥĿ ƈźƉ ŦƦƇƊƆ ƻĥĪ ƦƙƇſñ ƎſĪ ťƍƃĬ .ŁƢƉĥñ ťƍƃĬ űƃ .ƨƊŨ

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ò ò ųŨĪ .ĭŁĥ ĶűƉ űŷƆĪ ťźƀƤƘ ŦŤƀŬƏ ƎƉĪ ĭĥ .ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ťƀƣŴƍƃ .ťũƃĭĿĪ ò ñ ŦŁŴƍſĿŁĪ ŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƆ ŦŁŴƍƉ ƈƀƄƉ Ƨ ĬĿƦŨ .IJĬĭƻĥ ŦƦƍƉ ƁƇƊƤƉĪ ĭĬĭ õ ñ ŧĪĬĭ .ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ ĭĥ ŁĭĬõ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶĪ .ƎũƠƕƦƉ IJĬñ ĜƁƆ ƈƃƦƏĥ ò .ƑƀƏĭĥò ŁŴƆ ŁƢƉĥŁĥĪ ò .ŦƦũƃǔƉ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĜŦƦźƀƤƘ Ǝſųſƻĥ ƎƉñ ƎƀƌĬĪ ò ťƕĪĭŴƣ ò ŁŴƆĭ ò ƎƉñ ƎƀƆųƆ .ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨ ñ ƑƀƏĭĥĪ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆųƆ .ťźƀƤƘ ƁƆ IJĪŴƉ ĝŦƻųƭ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ŁŴƆ Ļĥ ƁƆĪ ƈźƉ Ƨĥ .Ǝƍƀƕűſ ťũƃǔƉ ò ò (151) ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆ ĻĥĪ Ŧƻĥ .ťũƃĭĿ ťƖƊƤŨ ĜťŨĥ ťƍƙƇƉ Ʀƌĥĭ .ŀĿűƌ ƨƊíƆ ò ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ƻƨŨŴƠƏ Ƣƀū ŴƆ .ŦƦƍƄƐƉ IJƼƕĿŁĪ ƨƟ ƦƍŨò ƢũƀƏ ťƍƀƤƉ ƎƉ ľĭƢƕĥ ljĥ ťƖŨñ űƃ Ƨĥ .ťƍƣĥ õ ljĬ ųƿĪ ŦĭĬŁ Ƨ .ķŴƄƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƈũƟŴƆ ñ .űũƕĥ ťƀƏĬƢƙŨ ťƣĭǁŁ ljĬ ųƆŴƃĪ ljĥ įƢƊƉ ĝŦŁƢƀƄƣ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁ ò ĝƎƄƉĪ ĭĬñ ƎƉ ƎƉñ ĭĬĪñ .ķŁŴƆ ķĭųſƻĥ ŧűŷƃĥ ĜťƀƏĭĥĪĭ ťƍƀƃĪ ƎƉñ ŦųƊƣĪ ò ñ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ Ŧƻųƭ džƊƉ ĭĥ Ʀƌĥĭ ĜťũƐƌƦƉ ųſƻĥĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ƎſĪ IJĬñ ò ĭĥ ƑƀƏĭĥĪ ťƀƍƀƃ ťƀƣŴƍƃĭ ťũƃĭĿĪ ťƄſĥĪ ĜŦŁƢūĥĪ ĴĭűŨ Ƣƀū ŁƢƉĥõ .ƁƊƕ ò ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ ķĥ ƎſűƉ ĜƋƀƏ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ųƇſĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ò ò űƃ IJĬõ ĝťƊƣ ŁŴſŴƣĪ ƨƟ ƦƍŨ űƀŨ ķĥ ĝŦĮĥƢŨ ƎƍƀƆŴƖƉ ƧŴƕ õ ťƍſĥ ĜƎƍƀƙƇƉ ò ŦƦƇƉĪ ųƇſĪ .ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ƑƀƏĭĥ ƎſŁǓŁ ƎƉĪ ĝƎƍŶ ƎƀƇƊƤƉ ŦƼƕĿŁ IJĬõ ñ ŧƢƐũƉĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .ƢƐũƉĪ ñ IJųŨ ljĥ ŧƢƣ ŧĪųŨ ŴƆ Ƨĥ .ŁĿƞŨ ťſĪĭŁƦƉ ƁŬƏĪ ƈƀƇƟĪ ljĥ ƑƀƙƉĭ ljĭųƆ ljĥ ơƐƉ ŦƦźƀƤƘ ŦŁŴƌƢũƐƉ ŁŴƆĭ ĝťũƃĭƢƆ ò ŦŁĭƻƦŷƆ ƢũƀƏ ĜťŨĥ ĭĥ IJŁŴŶƢƊƆ ŦŁĿĪ ƎƉ Ǝƀƌĥò ƼƆ ƎƘĥĭ .ťƘŴƐƇƀƘĪ ò ĭĬñ ƑƀƇźźƐſĿĥ ťƘŴƐíƇƀƘ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ .ƎƍƀƙƤƉ ťƠƣŴƙƆ ƁŬƏñ ĜƎƇſĪ ò ò .ĴĭűŨ ƢƉĥõ ƨƟ ƦƍŨ ƎƀƆĬ ĜťƀƏĭĥĪ ŦƻŴŶŁ ħųſñ űƃ ĜljĭĬ ƢƉĥƦƉĪ ñ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĜƢƉŤƌ ťƐƘŴźŨĪ ƅſĥĪ ƎƉñ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎſĪ ųſƻĥ ĖƑƀƇźźƐſĿĥĖ Ƣƀū ĶűƊƿ .ŦŁŴƀŶĪ ŦŁŴũƃƢƉ ĺűſñ Ƨ ŧĪųƇźƉ ŴƆ Ƨĥ .ťƀƏŴƏ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ŧƢƟñ űƃ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ .ťƤūǓ ŁŴƆ ƈƙƌñ Ƨ ƻĥƢſƻ ĜƈƃƦƐƉ õ ťźƀƤƘĪ ljĥ ƋǑ (152) ĝljDŽƃƦƐƉ ŧƢƐũƉĪ ŧĪĬĭ ĝƥƌƢŨŁĥĪ ŦƦƇƊƆ ťƀƏĭĥ ljĥ ñ .ŧƢƣĥĪ ƁƆ ľĪĮ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ ƎƀƆĬĭ ťƍƃĬ .ŧĿƢƣ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ ljĥ ƢƉĥĪ ŦƼƍƊƣŴū ŦŁŴƍƕĪŴƤƊŨĭ ĝťƉűŨĭ ŧƢƐũŨ ƁƆ ĻŁĭƦƣĥ ĝŦƦƇƉĪ .ƎƖŨŁƦƉ Ƨ ŧĿƢƣ ƢƉĥŁĪ ťƀƖŨĪ ŦƼƕĿŁ ƎƉ ķǔƉĥƦƉ ƎƀƆĬ űƃ .ƦƘŁĭƦƣĥ

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ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉĭ ĜƨƊƆ ƎƀƊƀƏĪ ťƘĭĽǔƘ ŁŴƆ Ļĥ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò ķĭűƌĪ Ƣƀū ľĪĮ ò .ƎƀƇƀƆĪĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŪƠƖƌ Ƨĭñ ķŤƀŬƏĪ ñ ƻĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ .ƥſĿűƍƉ ųƀũƐƌ ťŶĭƢŨ ơƙƉ ŁŴƆ ŦƦƇƉ IJĬĭ õ ƎſĪ ħĭŁ ò ŦƦƤƙƍƉ ťƀƏĭĥ ŦŁŴƀŷƆ ƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥĭ .Ǝƍƀƕűſ ķǔũƕ ťƣĪĥ ŁŴƆ ĻĥĪ ĜťƐƍŬƆ ĶűƉ ŦƼƇſĪ Ƌƕ .Ǝƍƀƕűſ ŧĪĬ ĜŧĿĭƦƆĭ ťƀƏŴƐƆĭ ťƤƌĥ ƢũƆĭ ĜŦƼƍƤūƢƉ ò .ƻĥ ķĭųƍƉ űŶ ƈƄƆĪ IJĬñ ĝŦŁƢŶĥ ƻĥųƊƣ ƈƖŨ ƎƍſƢƉDŽƀƃĬ ŦŁŴƀŶ ò ťƐƍūĪ ťƊƣ ŧĪųŨĭ .ķǔƉĥƦƉĪ ƎƀƌĬñ ƎſųǀƆĭ .ťũƃǔƊƆĭ ťźƀƤƙƆ ò ƎƀƇſĥ ťƉŴƍƟò űƀŨ .ƢƉĥƦƉ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ĻĥĪ ƅſĥ ĝƎſųſƻĥ ŦƻƦƍƉò ƑƀƏĭĥĪ ĝķƦƇźƉ ťũƃƢƉ ŦĭĬõ űƃĭ ĝťźƀƤƘ ŧƢũƆ ƈƀƃĬ ķĥ .ŧƢƙƣ ĸŴƀƇƀƐŨ ťŨƧ ťƍƉ ƈźƉ ĜƎƍŶ Ǝƀƕűſ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ƋƤŬƉĪĭ ƎƍſųƊƤƉ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶ ŧƢƐũƉ űƃĭ .ƎƍſƢƉĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧƢũƆĭ ĝƎƍƀƇƠƣ Ƨ ƈƃ ƎƉ ƎƐƍūĪ ĭĬñ ťƊƣĭ ò ŁŴƆ ĪŴŷƇŨ ŴƆ ƈƀƃĬ űŶĪ .ƎƍƀƊŶƦƉ ŧĪĬ ťũƃǔƉ ŁŴƆ Ļĥ Ƨĥ ĜťźƀƤƘ .ƢƉĥñ Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬ ĜĿƢƤƉ Ƣƀū ķŴƄƍƤƆ űƀŨ ťŨĥ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟĭ ĜƢƉĥƦƉ ò ŧĿƢƤŨ űŶ ĪŴŷƇŨ ťƍƀƄŨĪ ƎƀƆĬ ťźƀƤƘ ŁŴƆ Ƣƀū ŴƆ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ ĶűƉ ljƢƕŴƏ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ .ƎƀƤƍƄƉ ťũƃĭƢŨĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆĭ Ƨĥ ĜƢƉĥƦƉ ĖťƤƌƢŨĪ ñ ŦŁŴƣƢƉ ŁŴƆĭ ƈƀƄƉ ƎſĪ (153) ljĥ ŦŁĥ .ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ŦŁŴƣǔƉ ƚƇŶ ƎƉñ ƎƀƆĬ ò ljĥ ƢƉĪƦƉ ƎƉñ ƎŨŵŨĪ IJƻĥ ťƍƀƖźƉĪ ťŨĥ ĭĥ ŁƢŨƦƏĥ .ƎſŁǓŁĪ ĜŦƼƇſűŨ ò ljŴūĪ ĝƁƤƙƍŨ ŁƢŨƦƏĥ ƨūǓ ƁŬƏñ ƥƌĥĭ .ƎſųƍƉ ljǃĥƦƤƉ ƎſĪ ƎŨŵŨ ŴƆ .ƎƀƆųƆ ŧƢŹĬĪ ŦĭĬĥ ƻƨŨŴƠƏ ĜŧĿƢƣ Ƌƕ ƎſĪ ljĥ .ljDŽũƠƉ ťƃƦƙƉò ƎƉ ƁŬƏñ Ƣƀū ljĥ ľƢƕ .ťũƇŨ ƎſĪ ŦƦƤƀŨ ĝƦLjƉ ťũſǔƟ Ƌƕ ťƊƇƣ ò ŦƼƉűƟ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò ƎƉ ƎƉñ ljĥ Ƨĥ .ŧĿƼƠŨ ŧƢƉĪŵƉ ťƀLjŨĭ ťƊƊſŤŨĪ ŦƦŹŴƆ Ƨĭ ťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ .ƦƍƊſĬ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉĭ .ljĭųŨ ƼƉĪ ò ŧƢƐŨ Ƌƕ .ťƍƤƤūƦƉ ťƍƤƤūƦƉĭ ťƍſŵŶƦƉ ŦĭĬĭ õ .ƈũƟ ŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪĭ ƈźƉ ĝƎſĪ ŦƦƊƤŬƉĪ .ŦƦźƀƤƘ ŦŁĭųƭĪ Ǝſųſƻĥ ƧĪ ƎƀƆĬ .ķƦƇźƉ ƻŤƀũƕ ƢſƻĪ ƎƀƤƌƧ ŦƦƇƉ ƎſĪ ŁƢŨƦƏĥĪ .ƎƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬĭ ƦƇũƏ õ ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉ ñ ƦūĿ ĝķŴƄƇſĪ ƨƟ ŁƢŨĭ Ŧųƭ űƀŨ ŧĪĬ ƁƆ ŁĭĬĭ ñ .ŁƢƉĥŁĥ õ .ķŴƄƍƉ ƎíźƟŁĥĪ ñ ŁŴƆ ƦŷƌŁĪ ĝƻŴƣĥ ƎƉ ƈƀƄƉĭ .ljĥ IJƦŶƦƉ ƁŬƏĪ ñ ljĬ ųƿĪ

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ñ ŧƢƀƙƣ ljĮ ųǀŨĪ .ųíƇŨŴƠƆ ƢƉŤƊƆ ƼƆĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƁƆ ƻĥ .ĸĭƢƙƿ ò Ŀűƣĥ ťƃĿĬ ƎƉĭ ĜťƊƀƄŶ ƎƉ ƥƌĥ ŁŴƆ ĿŴŶĥĪ ħĭŁ ƎſĪ ƁƆ ŪŹ .ƢźƌŁŁ ñ ƅſĥ ŦŁŴƍƙƇƊƆ .ťƠŶĭƢƆ ťƉűƕ ĬƻŴŶĭ ŁĿųƌĥ ŧƢƘĽ ƅſĥ .ŦŁĭĪƢƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ ĜljDŽƀƃŁ űƃ ƎſĪ ljĥ ƚƏŴƉ .ŦƼƌǔŶĥ ŦƦŨǔƤƆ ĬñƦƠũƣĭ .ŁƢƣĥ ŦŁŴſŤƀũƌ ñ ƎƀƖŨĪñ ķŴƌĬñ ķĭųǀƆĭ Ƨĥ ĜƦƇƊƕ .ųíƆ õ ĪŴŷƇŨ ƁƆ ŴƆĪ ñ IJĬ ŧűſĥ Ƨĥ .ƻŤƀƤƟ ƁũƇŨ ųŨ ťƙƤūĭ ƁƆ ŧĪƞƉ ƅſĥĪ ƦƆŁĪ IJĬĭ ñ Ƣƀū ŁƢŨƦƏĥ ñ ƎſĪ ŧĪĬ .ƅƘĬŁĥ ĿƼƉĪ ĭĬñ ŁŴƆ ƢſƞŨĪ ĭĬĪñ ĜƦƿƦƏĥĪ ñ ŦĭĬ ƻĥ Ƣƀū Ŵƭ .ťũƃĭĿ (154) ƈƀƃűƕ ƎſĪŴƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ťƠƀŶĿ ƁŬƏĪ ò ñ ťƀƉ űƃĪ ĝťƍƖźƇƠƣ ƁƆ ťƀƏĭƧĪ ĝŧĿŴƌĪ ŦŤƀŬƏ ťƍƀƍƖŨ ƻĭĬñ ƈƤũƉ .ŧƢƉĥƦƉĪ IJĬñ ŁĭĬ ŧƢŨƦƐƉ ƁƇſĪ ŦƼƕĿŁ ƎƉ ŴŬƆ .ƅƘĬĥ ĿĥƧ ŦƦũƀŹĿ ĸĭƢƘ ƈƃ ƎƉ .ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ƁƆ ƻĥĪ ƅſĥ IJƼƕĿƦƆ ŧĪĬ ŁŴƆĭ ƎſĪ ťƣĬ ĜĪŴŷƇŨ ƎſĪ ŧƢƐŨ .ƥƙƌ ƧĪ ĭĬñ Ļĥ ljĿƦƉ ŧƢŬƘ ĜŦƦƌŤƃ ŦƦƇƉ ƅſĥ ĴĭűŨ ò ñ .ŦƦũƃǔƉ ŦŁŴƀŷƆĭ ƎƆĭ ĝƎƀƠƀƏĪ ƎƀƆĬ ķĭųǀƆ ljĬ .Ǝƍƀƕűſ ƁŶĪ ĭųíƆ ò ò ò ŧƢƐŨ ĜƨƀíƇƉ ƨíƆĭ ƈƀƃĬ ƨƀíƇƊƆ .ƎƍƙƇſ Ĩ ŵƊƉ ƎƀƐƃŴźƒĥ ťƖŨǓĥ ƎƉĪ ťſŴƣ ƢſƻĪ ŧĪĬĭ .ťƙƇŶŴƣ ƨƖƉĪ ŧƢŨƦƐƉ ťƤƙƌĪ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ .ťƉĪĭ ƎƉñ ò ŧƢƐũƆ ťƍƀƃ ƚƇŷƤƉĪ ŴƆĭ ťſŴŷƉ ŦƦƇƊƆ ŧƢƐũƆĭ ťƍƃĬ .ťƤƍƀƍŨĪ ƎƉñ ťƀƤƌĥ ĜĨ ŵƊƉĪ ƢƉñ DŽƀƄƉ Ƣƀū ljDŽŶĪ ñ ĝŦƦƇƊƆ űƀŷƉĪ ĭĬñ ƥƙƍƉĪ ñ .Ǝƍƀƃ ƢŨĭ ljĥ ĺűſñ ƈũƟŴƆ ŦŁĭǔſƻ ƎƀƆĬ ĜŦųƭ ŁŴƆ ŪƃƢƉĪ ƎſĪ IJųŨ ŦĬƞƌĭ ƎƙƄƌĪ .ƈũƟñ Ƨ ŦŁŴƌǔũƕƦƉ ƎƉĪ Ƣƀū ŦƼźŶ .ƋƀƠƉ ƎƇſĪ ŧƢƐŨ õ ŧĿĿŴƣ ƈźƉ ƎƀƆĬĪ ĜĬŁŴƆ űƀŷƉĪ ŦƦƇƊƆ ƎſĪ ťƍƕƦƌĪ .ƞƭ õ Ƨ ƅƉűƌĭ .ƥŷƌĪ ƦŨĽ õ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉĪ ñ űƃĪ .ŦĮĥƢŨ ƻĥƻƦŶ ƢƉĪƦƌĪ Ƨĥ .ųſƻĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ƚƇŷƤƌĪ ŴƆ ƈƀƃĬ ŧĪĬ ƈƃ ƎƉ ŸƀũƣĪ ljųƆ ĜĬŁŴƆĪ ŦŁŴſűŷŨ ŦƦƇƉ ŪƃĿŁĥ ťƀũƕ ŧƢƐŨ ŁŴƆ ñ ƎƉñ ťƏĿŁƦƉĭ .ťƉĥ ųſƻĥ ŦƦƆĭƦŨĭ űƇſƦƉ Ƣƀū ťƕĿĮ ƎƉ Ƣźƒ .űũƕ õ ñ ñ ƦƍƀŨ ƅƆųƉĭ .IJĬĭƻĥ ŦƼźŶ ƎſĪ ųíƿ ƎƉ ƢũƆ . ťƖŨĪ Ƨĥ ơƀƍƏĪ ŴƆ õ ò ħƢƟ űƃĭ .ƥƊƤƉ ƨūǔƆ ťƤƀũſ ƅſĥ ťũƀŹǓĪ ťƍƀƃĭ .ŦŵŶƦƉ Ƨ űƃ ťſĪĭųſ ƎƉ ťŨĿĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .ơƇƏ űƃ ŦŁƢũƖƉ ħųſõ ƎƉñ Ŀĥĥĭ .ơŶĿĥ ťſƼƆƦƆ ŦŁŴƉ

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Ƣƀū ƎƊƀƟĥ .ħƻñ ŦŁŴŨĿĪ ťƍƀƊƀŨ .ťƀƊƤŨ ŧƢƐũƉ Ŧųƭ ĜŦƦƇƉ ƈƃ .ŦŁĥñ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦƻŁŤƊŨ ťƍƃĬ .IJĬŴŨĥ ŁŴƆ ųƊƕ (155) ƎŨŁĭĥĭ ĜųƊƕ ŁƢũƕĥĪ .ťſƢƟƦƉ ťƍſĪõ ŁŴƆ ħĭŁĪ ĝƁƆ ŁĭĬõ ĸŴƍſűƍƠŨ ƗŨǓĥĪ ŦƦƇƉĭ ò ƎƉĭ ĜƑƀƏĭĥò Ƨ ŧĪĬ ƦƤŶĪ ljĥ ĺűſñ Ƨ ƎſĪ ljĥ .ťũƃĭĿ ljǃĮƢƖƉ ťƕĪĭŴƣ ò ĵĪ ƑƀƏĭĥò Ƨĭ .ťſĭĬ Ƨ ťƀƏĭĥ ƧĪ Ƣƀū ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ .ŦŁŴƙƀƇſ ľĪĮ ťƕĪĭŴƣ űƀŷƉ ƎƀƆĬ Ƌƕ ĜŪƃĿŁĥ ƑƀƏĭĥò ƎſŁǓŁĪ ƈƀƃĬ ŁƢƉĥ űƃ .ƎƆ ƈƃƦƐƌĪ ò Ļĥ ljĥ ŦŁŴƌŤƃĪ ŦƦƇƉ ĜŦųƆƧ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ƈƖƆ ƢƉŤƌĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .ťƕĪĭŴƣ ťƀƌŴƃ ƚƇŶ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ŧĪĬĭ .ťƣŴƊƆ ƢƉñDŽƃĪ ŦƦƇƕ õ Ŧųƭ ƎſĪ űƃ .ťƊŶƦƉ ñ Ļĥ ŦųƆƧ ĜƦƙƇſñ ųƍƉ ĶƢŨ ĝƎƉ ljĥ įƢƊƉ ĜƁƌĿűƣ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ĭĬĪñ .ħǁ õ ñ .IJĬĭƻĥ ƎſųſƻĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĭ ĜŦųƭ Ƣƀū IJĬĭƻĥ .ljĥ ŧƢƟ ťƀƏĭĥ ñ ĜŦųƭĪ ƎſĪ ŦƼƇſĪ .ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĭ ťƀƏĭDŽƀƃĬ IJĬŴſƢƠƌ ƁŬƏĭ ñ ƁƆ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ťƍƉ .ƦƊŶŁ űŶ ķĥ Ƨĥ ťũŹ ƥƌĥ Ƨĭ .ťũŹ ñõ ŦŁŴũƀŹ ƻŤƀƇū ƎſĪ ŦųƭĪ ĝųƆ ƻĥ IJĬĭĪŴŷƇŨĭ ƥƌƧĪ IJĬñ IJĬ ŦƼƇſĪ Ƣƀū ķĥ .Ŧųƭ ťƉŴŶŁ ĜťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪĪ ŧĪĬ ƻŤƀƇū ĜťũŹĪ IJĬñ ŦƼƉűƟ ŦƦƇƊŨ ĪŴŷƇŨ ñ Ƣƀū IJĬĭƻĥ ĝƢƠƀƌ ťƟƦƤŨ ƎŨĿĭǓĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ Ŧƞƭ ĶƢŨ .ųſƻĥ ŦƼƇſĪĪ .ŦƼƇſĪĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ƈƖƆ Ŧųƭ ŧĿƢƤŨ ò ťŨĥ ĭĥ ķŴƃŁŴƆ ƦŶƢƉĥ ƎƀƆĬ ƁƇſĪ ťƐƄŹ ƎƉ ĴĭűŨ ťƠŶĭƢŨĭ ĜŦųŨĥĪ ò ñ ŴƆ .ƦŹĬĿñ .űŶŁŁĥ ŦƼŨǁ ŦŁŴƣǔƊŨĪ ƦƇŶĪĪ Ƨĥ .ƁƤƙƌ Ʀƕűſñ Ƨ ƁŬƏĪ ò ƻĥĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ťƏŴƊƌ ķŴƊƀƏŁĪ ĜŦƦƤſűƟ ķŴƄƀƇūǓ ĶűƟ ljĥ ŸūƢūƦƉĭ ťƍŨĮ űƃ ƧĪ .ķĭƢƠƌ ƁƇſĪ ťŶĭƢŨ ơƙƉ ĻĥĪ ĜƎſŁǓŁĪ (156) ķŴƃŁƢūĥ ķĭųƆ ñ ƁƍŨò ŁŴƆ ƢƉŤƌ ĝƻĥƢſĬĮ Ǝſųƿ Ƣƀū Ƣźƌñ ĝķŴƄƇſĪ ƨƟ ƦƍŨò ƎƀƆĬ ŪƐƌ ò ŦŁűƕĪ ŦŴūĪ ŦŁŴƣƢƉ ŧĪĬĭ .ŁĬƢƃŁĥ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪĪ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁĪ ĝƎƃĿƦŨĪ ťƤƌĥ ťŷƌűƊŨ ĝŦŁŴƕǓĪ ŦŁŴƠƀŶĿ ƈźƉĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ƎſųƿĪ ĝƢŨƦƏŁ ŦųƭĪ ò .ƎſĪ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ .ŸƤŶŁĥ ŧĿŴƕĮ ƁƍƤƆĪ ŦƻĽĭƞƇũŨ ñ ƎƀƤƌĥ ƎƀƖŨĪñ IJųŨ ŦŁŴƉ ĜŦƦƕűſĥ ƨíƆ ƎſĪ ljĥ .ƎſƢũƐƉ õ ljƢƕŴƏ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦŁŴŶƢƉ ĻĥĪ ĜķŴƣƢƌĪ .ŧĪĬ ĬƢƃŁĥĪ ljDŽŶĪ ťƤƙƌĪ ƎƉñ ñ ĜťŶĥĪ ñ ljĥ ĨĥĿ ƁŬƏñ űƃĭ .ljĥ ƋŶƦƉ ñ ñ .ŧƢƟĥ ťƊƀƄŶ ħĭŁ ťƏŴƊƌ ĜƎƀƠƀƊƉ ŦŁĿŴƉĪƦŨ ĝƁƇſĪ ŦƦƖũŨĪ ƎſĪ ķŴƌųíƆ ñ ťƉŤƏ ƅſĥ ųƀƖŨŁ ķĥĭ .ƅƇƟ ŁƢŨ ĵŁŁ ŦƦƕűƀƆĭ ĜŧƢƟŁ ŦƦƊƄŷƆ ķĥĪ

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ñ ŦųƭĪ ŦŁŴƍƕĪĭƦƤƉĭ .ťſƢƉĪ ŦƦƇŶĪ ĺĪŁ ƎſűſĬ .ųſƢƖŨŁ ŦƦƊƀƏ ƅſĥĭ .ŸƄƣŁ ò ò ò ò ƁƆ Ƨĭñ .ŦƼƌųƃ ķŴƃƦũſǁ Ƌƕ IJĿƦŨ ƎƀŹĬĿ ťƀũƌĪ ťūĭĮ ĻĥĪ ƎſĪ ƈźƉ ò ųƊƕĪ ķĭƦƕĿĮ .ķŴƃŁŴƆ ƢƉĥñ ťŨĿ ƁŬŶ ƎƉ ƎƉñ ƼƉűƟĭ .İĬĿĥ ťūĭĮĪ ñ ĝųũƆ ŸſƦƘ ƁŬƏñ ŴƆĪ Ƣƀū ťƕĿĥ ŁŴƆ .ŦƻǓŴƕĮ ķĭƦƊƇŶĭ ŦŁŤƀòŬƏ ķĭƦƌĥ ƎſƢƃŤƉ űƃ ƎſĪ ljųƆ .ķĭƼƉĿĥ ťſųƭ ĶűƉ ťƕĿĮ ĜƁƇſĪ ťƤƙƌ ò ò ŦƼƃĭűƆ ŧǓŤƘ ŧǓŤƘ ƧĪ ƎƉ ĻĥĪ ĜķĭƦƌĥ Ǝíſƞƭ ťƕŴƣĪ Ļĥ ĜŦŁĭĿƼƊŨ ò ò ñ Ʀƌĥ ťƏŤƉĭ Ʀƌĥ ŧĪĿ ƦƌĥĪ .ƗƣĭĬĪ ƨƟ ƦƍŨĭ ĜƅƆ ƢƉĥ ƎſĪ ƎƃĿƦŨ .ķŴũƏŁ .ƎƆ Ʀƌĥ ƋƇŷƉĭ Ʀƌĥ ťŷƉ .ƎƆ IJĬñ .ťƀƣĿ ƻŤƍƀƤƉĪ IJĬñ .ťƙƇƉ ŧĿƢƤŨĪ IJĬñ ĝŦƻųƭ ķŴƃŁƢūĥ ŁŴƆ ƎƀƆĬ ò ĜŦųƆƧ ƎſĪ ljǃŤƣñ .ťƀƏŤƉ (157) ŦŁŴũƀŹ ƋƕĪ ķŴŨųſƦƌ ťƄſǓĥ ťƀŶĪ ťƍƄſĥ .űƕűƖƌ ŦƼƏŴƊƌ ķŴƃŁŴƙƀƠƌ Ƌƕ ħĭŁ ŦŁƞſĿŁ ŦŁűƕ ƎƍŶĭ .ķŴǀƆ ķŴƃƻŁŤƉĪ ŧǔſƢƣ ljŴŬŨò űƃ ĜƎſĪ ƎſűſĬ ĝƨƟ ŁƢŨĪ ťƐƘŴźŨ ƎƉñ ťƣĬĪ ǂƘĬĥ .ƅƕĿŤŨ ťſƢƉ ƼŨĽ õ õ .ħĭǂƌ ljĭųŨ ŦŁǔƀƉĮ ƎƀƆĬ ĜƎƍſƦũŹ ƞƉ ò ĖķĭųſųźŶ ķĭųƿ ƼƐƃ õ ƅƊƕĪ ƧŴƕ õ ƦƠũƣ õ .ħŴƠƖſĪ ĬƼũƣ ŧĿĭŤƏ ťƀƐŶ ŁŴƆ ĜĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏĪ ƦƆŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ƦƊƇƣĖ ĖťƃƢſƢźƘ

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ĖĸŴƠƀźƉƢūĪ IJĬĭĪĥĽ ŧĿĭŤƏ ťƃƢſƢźƘĪ ųƇſĪ űƃ ųƇſĪ ƦƆŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥĖ ñ ƅƇſĪ ŦŁŴƙƄƌĪ ƦƆŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ŧĪĬĭ ƻƢƟñ űƃ ƦŨųſŁĥ ƻĥƢŶŴƤƉ ƁŬƏĪ ò Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ .Ǝũſǁ ƅƆĭ ƁƆĪ ƎƀƆĬ ľŴũƣĥĭ ĜƢũƀƏĥ ťƟƦƣĪ ƼƖŨñ ĜƁƆ ñ ƎƀƆĬ ĝƅƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎſǔƟƦƌĪ ƑƘĥĪ IJĬñ .ŁƢƉĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ ųſƻĥ ƁƍźƆŴƣĪ ŴƆ .ƎƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ŧĪĬ Ƣƀū ŁĭĬ ƨƀƆĪ .ťƀƍƀŨĽ ťƕĭĮĭ ƅƆ Ǝũſǁ ťƍźƆŴƣ ƋƕĪ ŁŴƆĪ ĝƻŤƖſűſ Ƣſƻ ƥƍǀƆ ŦŴŶŁĭ ĜƁƌűũƕŁ ťƄƀƍƃĪ ŁĭĬ ťŷƄƤƉ Ƣũƃĭ ò ŦŁƢſƻ ĜƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥ Ƣƀū ĿƦŨ .ťƊūƦƘ ƁƌŴƘ ƁƆ Ǝſűƀũƕ ƨƉò ƎƀƇſĥ ñ ĪųƖƌ ħĭŁĭ ĝķŴƐƉųƌ ƎſųŨ űƃ ƎſųŨ ŦŁŴƠƠƙŨĪ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥ ŧƢŨƦƐƉ ĭųíƆ ƻĥĪ ĜťƊƀƄŶ ƥƌĥĭ Ƣƀū ƢƉĥñ .ơƐƕƦƉ Ļĥ Ƣƙƃñ ŦŁŴƌĪųƕƦƉ ŁŴƆĪ ñ .ŦƻŤƘ ųſƻĥ ƧĪ IJĬñ ŦŁŴƍƐƄƉ ƥƌĥ ƢƉĥĪ õ ťƉ ƅſĥ ħŴƠƖſĪ ŦƦƍƉ IJĬ ŧĪĬ Ƨĭ ĝťſŤƘ Ƨ ƁƆ ŧĪĬĪ ƈźƉ Ƨĥ ò ƎƉ ò ŧǓĽŴũŨĪ IJĬñ ĝťƀũƌ ĝŦŁŴƄƀƍƃ (158) ŪƐƌñ ƎƉŁ ƎƉĭ ĝŸƆƞƌ ťŶĥĪ ƎƍƀƆƞƉ ĝƢƉŤƌĭ ŪƤŶƦƌĭ ĝĸŴƆŴƘ ťſƦƌǓŴƟ ŁŴƆ ƢƉĥĪ ñ õ IJĬñ ĝƎſĪ ƻĥƢſƻ ò ķĭƦƌĥĪ Ƨĥ ĝŦŵŶƦƌ ťƀƠŨ ƎƍŶĪ ŴƆ ĝķĭűũƕŁ ŦƦƤƀŨ õ ŧűŶ ƨƘĥĪ ĝŦųƭ ŁŴƆ ƎſĪ ò ò ƎƉñ ťƀƆĭĪñ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ ĝŦŵŶƦƌ ťƀƠŨ Ƨ ƅſĥ ƎſĪ ƎƍŶ ĝķĭűũƕŁ ŦƦũŹ ťſŵŶƦƉ ƧĪ ŦŁŴƍƀƉĥĭ ĝljĥ IJƻĥ ťƀƟĭƢƕĪ ťƊƄƏĥ ljųŨ űƃ ƎƀƆĬĭ ĝƦũƤŶŁĥ ñ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥ űƃĪ Ƣƀū IJĬñ .ƻŤŶĥ ħĭŁ ĴĪųƕ ĜľĪĮĪ ťŨŴŶ ƋƕĪ ĜŦƦƇƀƊƕĭ ŴƆ :ťƠſŴƉ Ƌƕ ƅƆ ĮŴƉĿĥ ĭĥ ĝŦƻĥ ťƟƦƣ ųƿ ƈƃĪ ĭĥ ĝŦƼƕĿƦŨ ƻĥ ñ ñ ƎƉ ƁŬƏñ ŦŤƀƍƏĭ .ŦŁĭĿŤŶĪ ųíƇſĪĭ Ƨĥ Ĝųſƻĥ Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ŦƻƢƃŴƌ ĪŴŷƇŨ ò ƥƍƄƉñ ĜƨƄƌ Ƌƕ ťƍƀƖŨ ŵƉĿĪ ĭĬñ ĜťƤſűƟ ťŨǁĭ ĴĭűŨ Ƣƀū ƢƉĥõ .Ŧųƭ ò ŧǔũŬƆ .ťƊƇƣ űũƕñ ťƀƏĬƢƘ Ƌƕ ƑƄƉĪñ ƎſĪ ĭĬñ .ŦƦƠƕ ťƍƀƌŴźƌĥ ťƀƐŶ ŁŴƆ űƃ ťſĿŴƤŨĪ ĜĸĭƢƘ ƈƃ ƎƉ ĴŁŴƙƄƌ ƈƀƃĬ ŧűſųƕ .Ŧƻųƭ ŁŴƆ ƦƠſĪĥ ťƣĬĪ ĜƅƤƙƌ ƈƕ ŁƢƉĥ ĜƻĭĬõ ŸƇƣñ ťƙƠƐƀƘĥ ò ñ .Ʀƌĥ ŧƢũƣ Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ťƍƙƆŴƀŨĭ ŧĪŴƌĪ ľĪĮ ƢƊŬƆ ƧĪ ƻĭĬ ƢũƏĭ ò ŦƼƇſĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƎƉ ĵųƆĭ ƻŤƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ťŷƀƤƉ űŶ ĭĬñ ķĭųƍƉĪ ĝťƍƀƃĪ ƅƆĥŴƣ ƈũƟŴƆĪ ƦƆĥƦƣĥĭ ĝťƠŶĭƢŨ ƻĭĬ ƥſƢƘ űƃ ljĥĭ .ƁƇƉƦƣĥ ƈƃ ƎƉĭ ƈƄŨĪ ĜŁƢƉĥ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƊƀƄŶĪ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò ƎƉ ĜťƊūƦƘ ťƍƘĥñ ò ŦƼƇſĪò ŧĪŴƌĪ ľĪĮ ĸĭƢƘ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ ƅſĥĪ IJĬñ ĝƈſĥŴƍƊƕ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃĪ

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ò ƎƀƠƀŶĿĭ ƎƀƠƀƐƘ ķĭĭųƌ ķĭųƆĭ ķĭųƍƉĪ IJųŨ ñ ŴƆĭ ĜŦƼƍƀƃ .ŧĪűŶò ƎƉ ťƍƀƃ ò ñ ƢƉĥñ .ŦŁĥ ƎƀƄũŶ ƑƀƏĭĥĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁ ŁŴƆ ĜŧĪŴƉ Ƨ ŧĪĬĪ Ƣƀū ĭĬñ ƈƀƃĬ ĺűƌ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ŦĭĬ ħǁñ ĸĭĿĭűſĪ ŁŴƆĪ ƎƀƆųŨ ťƍƃĬ Ƣƀū IJĬĭƻĥ (159) ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ ŴƆ ƎƘĥ ĜƋŶĥ ƼŨ űƇſŁĥĪ ťƊƣŴūĪ ƥƌĥĪ ŴƆĭ ŦĭĬ õ õ ųƇſĪ Ƨĥ ĜťŨĥ ƎƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƆ ĝljĥ ƢƉĥñ ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨ ƢƐŨŁĥ űƃĭ ĜťſƢƉĭ ťŷƀƤƉĭ ŧƢŨ űŶ ƎſĪ ƈƃƦƐƉ õ .ųƍƉ Ƣźƒ ŧƢŨ ƎſƢŶĥ ŦƦƇƊŨĪ ĜƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥ ƎƍŶ ĻĥĪ ƈźƉ ĖŦƼƌǔŶĥ ĿƦŨ ħĭŁĭĖ ĖŦƦƇƉ ƎƉ įŴƣĪ õ ŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƆ ĝŧƢƐŨ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƍƀƃ ƁƌƢŶĥ ĜŦŁŴƀƇſĪĪ ñ ĭĬ ŦƦƇƉ ĻĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ŦƼƍƟĪƦƐƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŷŨ ĜŦĭĬõ ųƇſĪ ĶƢŨ .ťŨĥĭ Ŧųƭ ųƆ ťſƢƟĪ ĝƢƐũŨ ųƉƦƣĥ ĶĬƢŨĥĪ ťƕĿĮ ĜIJŵŶŁĥ ťŨĥĭ ŦųƭĪ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉĪ ñ ťƙŬƐƉ ĶűƉ Ƨĭ .ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉ ŧĪųƆ .IJĬĭƻĥĪ ťƉ ĭĬñ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦĭųƌĪ IJųíƆ ŧƢŨ IJĬĭƻĥĭ .ťƤƌƢŨ Ļĥ ƻĥƢſƢƣ ŦĭĬõ ĜťƍƀƄŨ Ŧųƭ Ƣƀū IJĬĭƻĥ űƃ ƧĪ ŴƆ Ƨĥ ĖħĭŁ ƈƀƇƟ ĿƦŨĭĖ ĖťƊƣ ƈūĪ Ƨĭ ĜťƍƘĥĮ Ƨ ĜťŨĥĭ ŦųƭĪ ñ ĝŦŁƞſĿŁ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁ ķĭųƆ ƻĥĪ ƎƀƇſƧĪ .ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ĴĭűŨ ųſƻĥ ťƍſŵŶƦƉ ĶŤƟ ƻƨŨŴƠƏ űƃĭ .ĿǁŁĪ Ʀƌĥ ťƖƏñ ĝŦƦƇƀƇŨ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ƎƀƙƇƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ űƃ ƁƌƢŶĥĭ ĝƦƌĥ ƥŬƣ ĶűƊƿ ƦŶƦƆĭ ƈƖƆĭ .Ʀƌĥ űŷƃƦƉ Ƨ ĜƦƌĥ ŧĪĬ ƥƌĥ ķĥĭ .ljĥ ƢƉĥñ Ŧųƭ ƎƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ ŁŴƆĪ ƅſĥ ĝƦƌĥ ŦŴŷƉ ŧƢƐũƆ ťƍƀƃ ò ŦŁŴƙƀƇſ Ƨ ƎƉ űƃ ĝŧĪŴƌ ƅƊƕ ò ƁƇŨĪ Ʀƌĥ ŀƢƙƉ ƎſǓƦƆ ŧűŷƉ ĜľƢƕñ ťƍƀƃ ñ ĖűŶ ĭųíƆ òťƍƀƃ ŁŴƀƌƢŶĥ ŧĪŴƌ ƧĪ IJĬĪñ ĜťƍƙƇƉ IJŴŶ ƋƀƏŁŁĥĪ ƎƀƆųŨ ƻŤƀƇū ŦĬ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊŨĪ ƅſĥĪ ĭĬñ ĝťƙƇŶŴƣĭ ŦŁŴƀƇſĪĭ ĝŦŁŴſűŷƆ ĭŁĥ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƼŶŁ Ƨĥ .ƑƀƏĭĥò ƎƀƆŤŨĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ ĝŦŁŴǀƏĭ ƧŴƕ õ ƎƉ ƢũƆ ƈƙƌñ Ƨ ĜŦƼƍƀƃ ƎƀƠƐƘĪ ƎƀƆĬ (160) ĜħĭŁ ƨŨŴƠƆĪ IJĬñ ƎƉĪ ƅſĥĭ .ŦŁĥñ ƎƀƆĬĪ ťƍƀƣĿ .Ǝſűũƕ ťŬƆŴƘĪ ŦƦƇƕ Ĝťƀƍƀƃ ljĬ ťƙƇŶŴƤƆ ĜƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ õ ò ĭĥ ĜƁƆ ƢƉĥõ ĴŁűũƕ ƑƀƏĭǃŤŨ ĝĴŁŴƙƄƍƆ ŁĪųƕ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƀƆĬ űƃ ñ Ʀƌĥ ŧĪŴƉĪ ĝťſųŨĥ ƨƀũƣ ƅƆ ƻŴŶĪ ñ ĝƅƀƇƕ ƦŨǁ ƑƀƏĿĬĪ ŦŁŴƣƢƉ ò ò ŁŴƆ ŧĪųƉĪ ĭĬñ ƈƕ Ʀƌĥ ơƀƍƏĭ ĝƅƆ ƻĥ ƻŤƀƐƍƉ Ƨ ťſųƭ ťƍƙƆŴſĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƊƄƏĥ ĭĬĭ õ ƻŤƀƇū ŧĪĬ Ƣƀū ơƕŵƉ .ųƿ ƈƃ Ƨĭ ĜŦŁĭƻƦŶ

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ñ ǁƢƃĥ ħĭŁ ƎƀƌĬõ űƃ ƎƀƌĬĭ :ųŨ õ ĝƦŨǁ ħĭŁ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ƎſĪ űƃ .ŧĿƢƣĭ ò ò ñ ƨƟ ƦƍŨ ƅſĥ :ŧƢŨƦƐƉ ťƍƊŷƘƦƉ ťƊƀƏ ŦƼƉŴƍƟ ŦŁŴſűŶĪ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥĭ ò ƎŨĮ ŧűŶ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ űƃ ĝťƍƀƃ Ŵū ŵƉŁĥĪ ŧĪŴƌ ƧĪ ĭĬõ ķĥ ĝĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ ŦƦƠſǔƏ ƎƀƆĬ ĝƦƙƏĭĥĪ ƨƉò űƀŨ ŁĿųƌñ ƻŤƀƇū ťƍƀŨĽ ljĬĭ :ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ Ļĥ ĭĥ ŁĭĬ ò ƈƀƃĬ ķĥ .ljĮ ljĬ ƎſųƆ ƻĥĪ ĝŁĿƞñ Ũ ťƣĬ Ʀƌĥ ħǁñ űƃĪ ķĭųƍƉĪ ťƍƀƃ ò Ƨ ŴſŴƟ ťƍƃĬĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ťƍƄſĥ ĜŴū ŵƉŁĥ Ƨ ƻŤƄƀũŶ Ƨ ĝťŷƀƤƉ Ĝťū ŵƊƉ ò ĭűƀŶŁĥĪ ƢƉĥñ ƎſƢźƌƦƉ űƃ ĝƢŹĥñ ťũƃĭĿĪ ťƉŴŶŁ ƎſĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ƻŤƉŴƍƟ ŧĪűŷíƆ ò Ƨ ťƍƀƃ ò ƻĥĪ ŦƦŶŴƤƉ ƅſĥ ħĭŁ ŁƞíƆĥŁĥĭ ĖķĭųƆ ŦĭĬ ƻĥĪ ƅſĥ ĝťū ŵƊƉ ñ ĜŦƼƉŴƍƟ ŦŁŴſűŶĪ ƻĥƢſųƌ ŦŴŶĥĭ .ťƊūƦƘ ƅƆ ťƍƘĥñ ƻŤƊƀƐŨĪ ĜƁŨ ĜƻŤƍũƤŶƦƉ Ƨĭ ƻŤƌƢƉĥƦƉ Ƨĭ .IJĬĭƻĥ ŦƼƍƀƃ ŦŁŴſűŷŨĪ ťƀƍƀƃ ťƀƣŴƍƃ ñ ťƍƊŷƘƦƉ ťƊƀƏ ƎƉ ľƢƕĪ ĝƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƃĭ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶ ƁƇƊƣ ųŨĭ ƎƉĪ ĝķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƌƢŨ ĻĥĪ ljŵƃĥ .ťū ĮŴƉĭ ƨũƆŴŨĭ ťƍźƆŴŶ ƎƉ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ťƍƀƃ ƁƍŨò Ƨĭ ťƣĪĥò ƁƀƌǔŶĥ ljǔƕŴƏ ƎƉĭ ĝƋƀƠƉ ŧƢŬƘ ƎƉĭ ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ťƤƙƌ ò ĿƦŨ ĝIJƢƣñ ƎƉñ ťũƃĭĿ ƎƉ ŴƆĭ ĝIJĬĭƻĥ ťũƃƢƉ ťƉŴƍƟĭ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ĝŧĪűŶĪ ƻĭĬ ťŨĽñ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ .ƥƘ ťũƃƢƉ IJĬĭƻĥ ŦĭųƌĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ƎſĪ (161) ŦŁŴſűŶ ƈƀŶƦƉ ƨũƇũƉ Ƨ ƨũƆŴŨ ƎƉĭ Ĝťū ŵƊƉ Ƨ ťū ĮŴƉ ƎƉĪ .Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥŁĪ ĜƦƌĥ Ʀŷƌñ űƃ ƻĭĬõ ƚƏŴƉĭ .ŁĭĬõ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶĪ ĝƻĭĬ ò ñ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟ ƈźƉĭ ŦƼƇſĪò Ƌƕ ťƍƀƄƆĪ ĜƢƉĥ ťŨĥ ťƉĪ .ƻĭĬ ƢƉĥĭ .ŦƼƇſĪĭ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ťƍƀƃĭ .ƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ IJĬĭƻĥ űŶ ĴĭĪ ƈƃ ƎƉĭ .ƚƟĥ ñ ťƍſĪ õ ljĬĪĪ ĭĬõ ķĥ ĜƎſĪ ƦƌǃŤƤƉ .ƅƤƙƌ ŁŴƆ ƦƌĪ Ƨ ƎƉñ ŧĪĬĪ ƻĭĬ ƢƉĥĭ .ljĥ Ļĥ IJƻĥ ò ò ñ ŦŁŤƀŬƏ ŦŁĭĪųƏ űƀŨĭ ƦƠƐƘ ñ űƃ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ IJĬŴſƢƉŤƌ Ƨĭñ ƧĪ ĝƻŴŶ ò ƦƤƀŨ ƎƀƆĬ ƈƕ ħĭŁ ĝŦƼƇſĪ ŧűŶĭ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶĪ ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ò ò ò űƃ ĜƦƊƏ õ ƨƟ ƦƤƀŨ ƎƀƆĬ ƚƇŶ ťŶĭƢŨ ơƙƉĭ ĝƦƌĥ ŀǁƦƉ ƨƟ ò ťƍƀŨĽ ųƿ ƎſųſűſŤŨĪ .ƅƍƉ ƦŨǁŁĥ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ŁƢũƕ Ǝſųƿ ò ñ ƧĪ ĭųƌĥĪ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ƨƘĥ ĝťƍƀƃ Ǝƀū ŵƊƉĪ ƈƃƦƐƌ õ .ŦĭĬ ŸſƦƉ ŧĪųƆ ĝƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉ ŧĪĭŁƦƌ ƧĪ ĭĬõ ķĥ ĝŦŁŴƀƖƀŨĿ ƎſĪ ťſĭĬ ĝťſŴƠƉ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣ Ļĥ ĜƋƀƟŁĪ Ʀƌĥ ťŨĽñ űƃ ĻĥĪ IJĬñ ĝŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ŦĭĬĪõ

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ñ ŧűŷƃĥĪ ťŷƄƤƉ ťū ĮŴƉĪ ƎƀƌĬõ űƃ ƎƀƌĬĪõ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝŦƦƕƞƊƆ ƻĭĬ ŦƼƉ ƚƇſ ħĭŁĭ .ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ĝťŷƀƤƉ ƎſųƍƉĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ŦŴŶŁĭ ĝĴĿűƕŁĪ ťƍſŴŷƉ ŴƆ ĜŧűŷƃĥĪ ŦŁŴŷſŴƣĪ ťƊƣĪ ĜƎſĭĬ ƎſĪųƖƉ ƻŤŶĥ űƃ ƎƍƉ ƻĭĬ ŁŴſŴƤƆ ĜƋƀƏ ŦƦƤſűƟ ƎƉñ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ƈƕ űƃ Ƨĥ .ťƕĪĭŴƣ űŶĪ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƉ Ŧƻųƭ ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƉ (162) ƎſĪ ŁŴƆ .ƎƀƉŴƍƟò ŦƦƆŁĪ ƋƀƠƉ ťƀƏĭĥ ò ťƣĪĥò ƁƍŨò Ƨĭ ĝťƀƏĭĥ ƁƀƌǔŶĥ ljǔƕŴƏĪ ťƀƍƀƃ ťƀƣŴƍƃ ĜƢƉĥƦƉĪ .ĺĪŴƉ ŧĪűŶĪ .ƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ĭĬñ ťƉŴƍƟĭ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ƁƇƉƦƣĥ ķĭųƍƉĪ ò ƚƇŶĭ ĝǂƘĬ õ ťūƢŹŴƟĪ ťƊƤƆ ťƍƄſĥ ljĥ ĺűſñ Ƨ ĜljĪĬŴƕ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƀƆĬ ò ĝťƍūƢźƠƉ ƁƌŁűũƕ ťƍƙƇƉ ò ƎƀƆĬ ƈũƟŴƆ ƎƍƉ ƅƆ ƎũſǁĪ ƨƉĭ ò ťƀƃŴũŶ ƎƀƕĿƦƉĪ ŀǁƦƉ ƨƀũū ťƀƆűƕ ŁŴƆĪ ƅſĥ űƃĭ ĝƼƌŁ ƑƀƏĭĥĪ ò ƁíƆŤŨĪ ŦŁŴƀƍƣ ťƀŨĽĪ ƅſĥ ĝƦƌĥ ťƕĿƦƉ ťƍƃĬ ŴƆĪ ŧĪŁŴƕ ƻƢƣ ĝƦƌĥ ò ĜŁĿŴƣ ƈƀƣ ƎƉ ťƃĿĬ ƎƉĭ .ƑƀƏĭĥò .ƦŷƤƉ õ ŁƢƉĥĪ õ ƅſĥ ƁƇſĪ ŦŁŴƆƞŨĭ ò ò ò ò ƎƀƆĬ űƀŨ ĝŧƢūŤƍƏ ŦĭĬŁĪ ƅƆ Ƣƙƣ õ ƑƀƏĭĥĪ ťƀƃŴũŶ ƎƇƖƉĪ ƨƟ ƦƍũíƆĭ ò ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ťƀƣŴƍƃĪ ĝŁƢƉĥĪ IJĬĭ õ .ŁĭĬõ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ĝƎƀƍƀƃ ñ ƥƌĥ ťƀǑĪ IJĬñ ĜŁűũƕ IJĬõ űƃ ñ ťƊƕĪ IJĬñ ĝĬűƉŴū ťƏƢƙƉĭ ŦƼƌŵƆ ĵűƕĪ ò ñ ñ ƅſĥĭ ĝƨƠƏ ƎƉĪ ĬƢƘŴƣĪ ñ ĝĬŁŴŹŴƏĥĭ ŦŁŴŶƢƘ ƧƦƉ ƢƉĥĪ ťŨĭĿĭ ŦŁŴƀƟŴƣĭ ñ ñ .ŧƢƣõ ĬŁŴƆĭ ŦĭĬõ ųíLjźƉ ƼŶŁ ĝťƤƉĿ ťźƉ űƃ ƎƃĿƦŨĭ ò ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ .ŦŁųƀƉŁĭ ŦŁŵſǓĮ ťƊƃ ĝťŶĭƢŨ ơƙƉĪ ƎƀƆĬĭ ƎƀƇſĥ ƅſĥĪ Ŧŵŷƌ Ƨĥ ñ .ťƍƀƃ űŶ ƢƉĥŁĪ ƚƇŶ ĜŁƢƉĥĪ ñ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ñ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ ŧƢƐũƉĪ IJĬĭ ƁŬƏĪ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ ĜŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ ŧűŶĭ ƎſĪ ŁƢƉĥõ .ŁĿƞŨ ťſĪĭŁƦƉ ĜŦƼƌǔũſƦƐƉ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƀƆĬ .ƦƘŁĭƦƣĥ ŦƼƍƊƣŴū ŦŁŴƌűũƖƊƆ ĝŦƦƇƉĪ ò ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŦƦƇƊƆ ƎƀƖƊƣĭ ĝŦƦƊƀƟĭ ťƍſűƆ õ ƎƀƄƐƉĪĭ ťƍƀźƒǔƄƆ ƎſŤƘ ĜŪƀŶŁŁ ƅƀƇƉò ƎƉĭ ľĪĪĮŁ ƅƀƇƉò ƎƉ ĝķŴƀƇŬƌĭŤŨ ơƕŵƉĪ (163) ŦųƭĪ ò ƻŤƌŤƃ ƎſĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ Ƨ ĜťƀƇŨŴƠƐƆ ƎƀƇƕ ƎŨųſ ťſŤƘ ťŷƃŴū ŴƆ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ò ƢƉŵƉñ ĭĬĪñ ĭĬñ ĝƎƍƀƭ űƃ ò ťƠſŴƉ ĝƎƀũũƤƆ ŧűƐŶ ƎſĭĬĪõ ĝűſĭĪ ŦƼƌųƃ ĜƎƆ ƎſƢſűŶĪ ƎƀƇſƧ ťŶĮŴŨĭ ò :ƈƖƆ ƎƉĪ ĭĬñ ĝƅƆ ƎũſǁĪ ƎƀƇſĥĪ ųƆŴƃ ťƤƀƌ ľŴũƤƌĪ Ƣƀū ťƍƄſĥ ƨƉò ƎƉ ťƟŴƐƘ űƃ ĝŁƢƉĥŁĥĪ ĪŴŷƇŨ ŦƦƍƉ ŧĪĬĪ ĵƦƌĭ ĝƎƍƠƙƌ ƎƉűƟĪ

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ò ĬĿƦŨĪ ñ ñ ñ ķǔƀƉĥ ƎƊſűƟĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ǝſųƿ ĜƢƉŤƌĪ Ŧƞƭ ŧĪĬ ųíƿ .ƎƊƀƏ ƎƀƌĬĭ ò ñ ųƍƉ ųƀƘĥ ťƄƘųƉĪ ĭĬñ .ĿŁŴƉ Ƨĭ ťƘŴƉ ƧĪ ťƕĭĿĪ ŦŁĭŤƀŬƏ ľŴƐƙƌĭ ò ŦƼƌųƃ ťƍƀƟĭĥ ƅſĥ ŦƦƤſűƟò ŦŁűƖƆ ŴƊƇƣĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ĝŧĿƢƣĪ ŦŁŴźƀƤƘ ñ ĝťŷƀƤƉ űŷƆ ƎſǓƦƆ ƎƀƠƐƘĪ ķŴƌĬñ ƈũƟŴƆ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ƢƉŤƌĪ ƧĭĪñ IJųíƆ ťƄſĥ .ťƊƀƄŶ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟĭ ĜIJĬĭƻĥ ĸŴƀƐƌŁĥ ťŨĿ ĜƢƐũƉĪ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ò ĭĥ ĝŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ IJĬĭƢƉĥĪ ĝķĭųƀƊƀƐŨ ƻƢƟ ƈƀƃĬ Ƣƀū Ǝƀƕűſ űƃ .ƢƉĥŁĪ ƅƆ ƼƆ Ƨĥ .ŧƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ò ťƀƃŴũŶĪ ƁƀƕŴŹ ĝťŷƀƤƊƆ ƎƀƠƐƘĪñ ķŴƌĬñ Ƌƕ ťſƞƌ ƻƨŨŴƠƏĪ ƦƍŨò ĜťƍƀƃĪ ò ƨƟò ò ƎƙƀƇūĪ ƻƨƀƆĪ ŸƄƤƌĪ ĭĬ ƻĥĪ ĜťƖſűſ ťƊſűƟ Ƨĥĭ .ŴŷƤŶŁĥ ķƻƦŶĭ ò ŦųƆƧ ƁƤƀũíƆ ò ŁŴƆ Ƨ űƃ ĝƅƆ ljĥ džƊƉ ƁƇſĪ Ƣƀū ťƍƙƇƉò ƎƉ ĝŦŁųŨĥ ò ĶűƉ ŦƦƇƉ ljĥ űũƕñ űŶ ƚƇŶ ƋƀƏĪ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ťƊƣĭ ĜŧĪųŨ ƢũƆĪ ťƊƀƄŶĪ ñ ťƄſĥĪ ljŵƃĥ ĜťƉŴƍƟĭ ťƍƀƃ ƥſĿ ťƀƏĿŴƃ IJųƀźƉĪ ĭĬñ ƎƍŶŴſ ťƤſűƟ ƢƉĥĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĝťŨĥĭ ŦųƭĪ ĬƢŨ ťſűƀŷſ ƈźƉ ĝƑƀƆŴƙƍƀźƍźƒŴƟĪ ťƀƌųƃ ťƀƏĭĥ ĜŦƦƇƉ ƎſĪ ljĬ ĖƎƍŶŴſĖ .ƎƍŶŴſĪ ķŴƀƇŬƌĭĥĪ (164) ťƠƣŴƘĪ ťƖŨĿĥĪ ĭĬñ ƎſĪ ĸŴƀƇƀƐŨĭ ĖƻŤƣŴƤŶ Ƨ ơƙƌ ťŨĥĪ ųƍƉĪ .ŦƼƉŴƍƟ IJĬĭƻĥ ĶűƉ ò .ƢƉĥñ ĬƦƇźƉ ĸŴƀƊƌĭĥ ŁŴƆĪ ťƀƉűƟ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĝŦƻųƭ ƎƀƆĬĪ ťƊƀƄŶ ñ IJĬĭƻĥ űŶ űƃ Ƨĥ ĖĸŴƀƇƀƐŨĖ Ƨĭ ŦƦźƀƤƘ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶĭ ĝťƊƀƏĪ IJųŨ ò ťƀƌŴƄƆ ŦƼƕǓƦŨĭ ĝųƤƙƌ ųƊƤƉ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥ ljƢŶĥ ťƍŨŵŨ ĜŦƦũƃƢƉ ĖƋŷƇƉ ŧĪűŶò ƎƉ ƎƀƙƇŷƤƉĪ ò ķĭųƍƉ ƎſĪ ƥƌĥ Ƨ ĝljĥ ƢƉĥñ ŦŁűƖŨò ŴƠƤƘĪ ķŴƌĬñ ĝťŷŨŴƣ IJƞſǓŁ ťƍƙƇƉĪ ƢŨ ŧƢƐŨ ŁŴƆ ŪƃĿŁĥ űƃ ŦƦƇƊƆ ťƕĪĭŴƣ ĭĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ƢƉŤƌĪ įƢƉĥ ŧĪĬ :ƁƆ ƢƉõDŽƀƃĬ ƅſĪŴŷƇŨ .ŦƼƌƦƕĭűſĭ ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ťƤƙƌ ųƆ ƻĥĪ ĝƎƍƀƃ ƈƕ ơƌƦƏĥĭ ĝƦƌĥ ľŵŶñ ŧĿĪǓűŨĭ ŦƦƇūƢŨĭ ĝƦƌĥ ƅƆųƉ ŦƦƤſĿĪ Ƨ ťŶĿĭĥ ò ƅƆ ƎſƼƉ ųƿ ƈƃ Ƨĭ ƎƀƆĬ Ƨĥ ĜťƃǓŴƃ IJŤƀŬƏò ƎƀƆĬ ťƠƣŴƘ ƎũſǁĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŧƢƟĪñ ƥƌĥ ƼƆ ĜƨƤƌĭ ĜƅƍƊſųƌ ƎƍŶĭ Ƣƀū ƎƘĥ .ŦƦŶŴũƣŁ ñ ĝƅƍƉ .ƦŨǁ õ ťŶĭƢŨ Ʀƌĥ ơƙƌñ űƃĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝƎſųſƻĥ ťƍƃĬ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƢƉĥĭ ñ ĝƈƀƄƉ ƁƆ ĭĬ ťƍŨĮĭ ƈźƉ ĝƅƆ ƢƉĥõ ĸĭƢƉĭĬĪ IJĬñ ƻŤƊŷƆ ƁŬƏĪ .ĭŤƌĪǓĪĭ ĸĭĥĭǔŹ ƎƀƐƀƙŹƦƉ Ƨ Ƨĥ .ĴŁŴƍƉĭĥĪ Łűũƕ ljĪĬŴƕ Ʀƌĥ ŸƇƣñ űƃĪ

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ò ƎƀƆĬ ƅſĥĪ ŦƦƖƌƞíƆĪ ĜƎƍŶ ƎƀƄƇƉ ƅŨŴŷƆ ťŨŴŶĪ ŦƼƕĿƦŨ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ ò ƈźƉ ƨƊíƆ ƻƨƀƆĪ İĬĿŁ Ƨĭ ĜƢƠſŁ ŦŁŴƍƊſĬĪ ŦŁŴźƀƤƙƆĭ .ƋƇƣ ƢƉĥŁ ò ò ťƠƍƌŤŨ ƎŨŵŨĪ ĭųƌĥ õ ĜƚƟŁ ĶűƊǀŨ ŦŁųŨƧĪ ťũŹĪ ŪƤŶŁŁ Ƨĥ .ťƍƙƆŴſ ƎƀƆųŨĪ (165) ťſĿŴƕĮ Ƣƀū Ƨ .ƢƉĥŁ ĭĥ ħĭǁŁ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ĶűƉĪ ƈƘŁ ò ƎƉ ĴĭĪ ƈƃ ƎƉ ƧĪ ĭĥ ĝƢƉŤƌ ŀĿűƉ ƁŬƏñ ƧĪ ĶűƉ ĭĥ ĺƢƤƌ ťũƍƠƉ ò ťƀƃŴũƆĭ ò ƎƍŶ ƎſűſƦƕ Ƣƀū ķĥ .ƎƤƙƌ Ƣźƌñ ĶűƠƌ ťƃĿĪƦƉĪ ƅſĥ ťƀƇŨŴƠƏĪ ò ƻƨƀƆĪĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ Ƨ ķǔƀƉĥĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ŭƇƙƌ ŦŁĭƢūŤƍƏĭ ĝťƖũƌ ķǔƀƉĥ ƎƀƤƌƧ .ƢƉŤƌ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶĪ :ŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁŴſƼƆƦƆ ĻĥĪ ĜƎƆ IJĬ ŦƦƖƣ .ƻĥƢſĬĮ ñ ƎƍƀŷƄƤƉĪ ƈźƉ ťƙƠƐƀƘĥ ŦĭĬĪõ ĭĬñ ĝĸŴſƦźƒĭĥ ljƦŨŴŹ ljĪĬŴƕĪ ĭųíƆ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶĪ ŧƢũƆĭ ťŨƧ ĜƎſǓŁĭ ƎƀƖƣŁĪ ŧĿŴƉŵƉĪ ťƠƣŴƙŨĪ :ťƀƄƀźƌĥĪ ò ķĭųſƻĥ ñ űƃ ųŨ ñ űƃ ƎƉñ ķĭųſǓŁĪ ĖĸŴſƦźƒĭĥĖ .ƢƉĥõ ƎƀƆĬ ƨƊŨ ųŨ ò ƎſƢƖƏ ƎƀƍŨĮò ƎſĪ űŷƆ .ƎƀƆĬĪ ŧűũƕ ŁŴŨĿ ƎſĪ IJĬñ .ƻŤƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁųƀƉŁ ò ò ťŨǁò ƎƀƊƀƏ ķŤƀŬƏ ŦŁŴſĪŴŷƆ .ƎƀƇƖƉ ŦŁŴſĪŴŷƆ ƎƉ ƎƉñ ŦŁŴƍſĿŁĪ ťſųƭ ñ .ƎſĮƢƄƉ ŦŁŴƍſĿŁ ƎƉ ƎſĪ ĖŦŁĭųƭĪ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƉŴƍƟ űŶĪ IJųŨ ñ IJĬñ ƎƉ ƎſĪ ťƍƀƃ :ŦųƉƦƤƉ ųſƻĥĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ĝƎƉñ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ĝĺűſñ Ƨ ŴƍƉ õ Ƨĥĭ ñ .ťƍƃƦƉ IJĬĭƻĥĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ Ŧƻĭ .ƋƀƠƉĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ĜťƉŴƍƟ ħĭŁĭ ĝƎƄƉĪ õ ò ŧƢſųƌĭ Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬ .ŦųƊƣ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀƙƇŷƤƉ ŧĪűŶò ƎƉ ĶűƉ Ƨ ĜťƕĪĭŴƣ ljųŨĭ ò ŁŴƆ űƃ ĜĸŴƀƐƌŁĥ ŦŁűƕĪ ĖĸŴƀƐƌŁĥĖ .ĺĪĭĥ ħǁ õ õ ťƠſƢƘŤŨĪ ťƘŴƠƐƀƘĥ ò ò ťƠŨƦƌĪ ƑƙƉ ťŨǁĪ ƎƀƆĬ :ťƀƠƀƍŨĪ ƎƉñ ƎƀƆĬĪ ĜťŶĥ õ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ űƀŨ ĝIJĬĭƻĥĪ ĭĬñ IJƻĥ ljĥĪ ĝƎƉñ ťƍƠƙƊŨ ĝƢƉĥñ Ŧųƭ ĭĬõ űƃ ĜƎƀƠƀƏ ŴƊƟ Ŵƭĭ .ŦƻǓŴƕĮ ĿƦŨĭ .ĬƦƇƉ ŦŵŶĭ õ ųƊƀƠŨ ƋƟ ƎƉñ ĝƎſĪ ťƀƉĿĥ ųƆ ƼƆĭ ĝIJĬĭƻĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ťƉŴƍƟ ƎſĪ ķĥ .ƁƇƉò ŴƖƊƣ Ŵƭĭ .ƁƉŴƍƠŨ ųƊƤƉ Ŧƻ ťƀƉĿĥĪ IJĬñ ĝIJĬĭƻĥĪ (166) ĭĬñ ĭĬõ Ƨĥ ĝĺűſƦƉĪ ƎſƢŶĥ ĶűƉ ñ ñ ųſƻĥ .ųſƻĥ Ŧƻ ťƀƏĭĥĭ Ƣƀū ťƉŴƍƟ ĜĬƻĪ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ŴƖƊƣ Ƨĭ ĝƢƉĥñ űƃ ĭĬñ .ťſǔũƖƆ ħǁ õ ĸŴƆŴƘ ĻDŽƃƦƐƉ űƃĭ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ .ťŷƀƄƣĭ Ƣƀū ƎƀƕűſĪ ƎſƢŨƦƐƉĪ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ .ťƉŴƍƟĪ ťƍƟŴſĭ ŦƦŶŴũƣŁĪ ťŷƉĽ IJĬĭƻĥĪ ò ťƉŴƍƟ ķĭƢƉŤƌĪ ƎƀƖŨ Ƨ űƃ ĜťƊƀƄŶ ķĭųſƻĥĪ ķĭųƤƙƌ ƎſųƊƤƉĭ ĝťŨǁò ò ŴƆ ťƍƄſĥ .ķĭųƇſĪ ljǔŶĥ ťƀƣŴƍƄŨĭ ĸŴƍƊſĿŤŨ ŴŨǁ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ ĝŦųƭ ŁŴƆ

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ƼƆĪ .ųũƇŨ ƨƄƏ ƅſĥ ķŴƌĬĭ õ ƎſƢƉĥĪ ĝķĭųƇſĪ ƑƀƏĿƦƟ ŁĭĬõ ƻŤƌŤƃ ĖŦųƭ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƻĥ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƣĪ ĝťƍƙƇƉĪ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ƎƉ ƎƍƙƇſ ŧĪĬĪ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ ò ťƙƇŶŴƣ ĺűƌĪ ĝķĭųƍƉ ƎƍſĪĿƦƉ ljŵŨ ųŨ ĜƋƀƠƉĭ IJĬĭƻĥĪ IJĬĪñ ĝŦųƊƣ ƑƀƃŴƇƙƉĥ ŁŴƆ ŸƇƣĪ ñ ĸŴƀƇƀƐŨ ťƤſűƠƆ ƎƍŶ ƎƀƖƊƣĭ .ťƉŴƍƟĭ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ñ ñ ĭĬ ĜķĭųƆ ƻĥ ťƙƇŶŴƣ ljĬ ťƉŴƍƟĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ĖĸŴƀƇƀƐŨĖ .ťƍƃĬ ƢƉĥĭ ò ĜŦŁųŨĥ Ǝſűũƕ ťƐŬƆĭĥŁ űƃ ljĬ ƈźƉĭ Ėűŷƿ ŁŴƆ ŦŴŬƆ ƻĥĪ ò ƎƀƣƢƙƉ ƻŤũŹĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŦųƊƤŨ ĜƎƀƠƙƌ ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ƈźƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĭ ò ťƍƃĬ .ƎƀƊƀƏĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƨƃŴƐƆ ŦĭĬŁ ŦŁŴƀƇū Ƨ ŧűŶ ƨƘĥĪ ťƍƄſĥ .ƎƀŷƤŶƦƉ ò IJĬŴƘĪŴū ƈũƟŴƆĪ ƎſǓŁĪ ťƐƉŴźŨ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƊƀƄŶ ħǁñ űƃ ƎƉ ťƍƀƃ ƈƃƦƐƉ ĭűƃ ƎƉĭ Ƣƀū űŶ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƢƉĥñ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ õ űƃ ĬŁŴƆ ƦƆŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥ űƃĭ ĖƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ųƇſĪ ĭĬñ ĝŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò Ǝſųƿ ĜťƘĭĽƢƘ űŷƆ ķŴū űŨ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƢƉĥñ įƞƉ ĬŁŴƆ õ ŦĭĬ ĺűſñ ĖƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ űŶ ťƉŴƍƠƆĭ .ƋƀƐƌĪ ľĪĮ ķŴƀƇŬƌĭŤŨĪ ƎƀƆĬ ò ƅſĥ .ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮò ŪƐƌƦƉ õ ťƐƍūĪ ťƕĪĭŴƣ ƈƕ Ļĥ ĜťƍƀƃĪ ťƊƣĪ Ƣƀū ƎƉŁ ĖĸŴƀƇƀƐŨĖ .ŦŁŴƍƊſĬ ƈźƉĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ĸŴƀƇƀƐŨ ƢƉĥĪ (167) ťƄſĥ ò džƊƉ ĸŴſƢŬſƢūĭ ĖťſƢŨ Ƨ ťƍƀƃ űŶ :ťƣĪŴƟĪ ťŶĭĿĭ ŧƢŨĭ ťŨĥ :Ŧƻųƭ ƎƀƆĬ ĭĥ ŦŁĭųƭ ŧűŶĪ ĖĸŴſƢŬſƢūĖ .ťźƒŴƠźƍƘ ƈƕĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ťƤſűƟ ƎſĪ ĭĬõ Ļĥ Ėťƍƀƃ űŶĪ ķĭƦƌĥ ƎƀŨĽ ƎſĪ ķĥ .ĭĪĭĥ ŦŁŴſƼƆƦƆ ò .ƢƉĥõ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ IJĬŴƘĪŴū ƈũƟŴƆĪ ťƖŨǓĥĪ ťƐƉŴźŨ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ õ ŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁŴſƼƆƦŨ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ťƍƀƃ ƈƃƦƐƉ õ Ƣƀū űŶ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ Ėťƍƀƃ ƻŴƣĭ ò ò ƧĪ ŦƼƃĭĪ ƎƉĪ ƅſĥ ƑƇźźƒĿƧ .ƦƠũƣ ƎƀƆĬĪ ťƍƙƆŴƀƆ űƃ ƎſĪ Ʀƌĥ ñ ųƆ Ʀƌĥ ƅƍƄƉñ űƃ .ŦƦƕƞƊƆ Ʀƌĥ ŦƼƉ ƎLjƕƦƉ ƢƉĥƦƉĪ ĭĬñ ĜƦƌĥ ƢƉĥĭ ò ljŵƃĥ ĜŧűíƇū ƎƉĪ ťƊƕǔŨ Ʀƌĥ ŦŴƤƉ ƎƆ ŪũŹŁĪĭ .ƑƀƇźźƐſĿĥ ljĭĬ ĜƻŤƀƇū ĺĪ Ƣƀū ĺĪ .ƧƦƊŨ ƢƉĥƦƉ ŦĭĬ űũƕĪ õ ĸŴƍƊƇƏ ĴĭűŨĪ ò ò ò ŧĪĪñ ƻĥƻƦŶ ťƘŴƐƇƀƘĪ ŦƦŷũƣƦŨĪ ĭĬñ ĝŦƻųƭ džƊƉ ĸŴſĿŴŬſƢūĪ ò ƎƉ ķŁŴƃĥ ŴƆĭ ĝƎƀƆĬĪ ťƍƠƤƙƉ ŦĭųƌĪ ŦĭĬ ŸƄƤƉĭ ĝŦĭĬ :ƢƉĥñ ƎƇƘĮ ťƖƊƣ

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ñ ŦŁŁŴƀƉ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƤƙƍƆĪ ĜƑƀƇźźƒĿĥĪ ĬƦŶŴũƣŁ ƈƕ ťũſŴŶ ơƐƘ Ƌƕĭ :ƎſűŬƌ ťƠƀƊƕ ťƍƟĪĭ :Ǝſűũƕ ťƐƀƇźźƐſĿĥĪ ƎƀƆĬĪĭ ƎƘĥ .ƨƖƉ ò ƎƀƄƍƄƉ űƃ ŦƦƉĿ ŦƦƉĿ ŦƼƕĿŁ ƎƀƖƏ ŦƼƍǀƐƉ ĬƦŶŴũƣƦƆ ĝƨƊŨ IJĬñ ŁŴƆ ĜťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƤƙƍƆ ĭĬñ ųƊƤƉ Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬ .ťƀƄƇźƌĥĪ ťƊƣ ĜķŴƐƄƌĪ ĝƎƌĪųƕŁĥĪ Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ťƍƙƇƉ ĭĬñ Ƣƀū ħǁ õ .ƎƀƠƤƙƉ ķĭųƆ ŧƢƙƣĪ ò ŦƦƇƉ ƻĿŴƕĮ ŦŁŴƙſƞſ ĖƑƀƇźźƐſĿĥĖ .ljĮ ljĬ ŴƍƀƊƌĭĥ ŁŴƆĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ õ ò ò ĜŦƼƍƉĭĥĭ .ťƍƙƆŴſĪ ŦŁŴƀƤƌĥĭ .ŦŁŁŴƀƉ ťƤƙƌ ƈźƉĪ ƨƉĭ ƎƇſĪ ŴƆ ĜťƤƙƌ ƈźƉ ŸũƤƉ ƑƀƇźźƐſĿĥ ťƍƄſĥĪ ĝŦƞũƌõ ŧĪĬĪ ĶƢŨ (168) ñ ŧĪĬ .ĸŴƆŴƘ ťƤſűƟ ƢƉĥñ ĝķĭĪĥ ƢũƆĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ĻĥĪ Ƣƀū ƁƆ ťƉ .ųſƻĥ ŦŁŁŴƀƉ Ƨĭ ŦƼƌƦƕĭűſĭ ŦƦƇƀƇƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƥƌĥ ƧĪ ĜƻŤƀƇū ljĥ ĺűſñ ƎſĪ ñ ĝťƍƤūĿƦƉĭ ŦŁŴƀƉ ŧƢŬƘ ƋƕĪ ĝŧĪųƆ ƢƉĥñ ĝŦƼƤƌĥ ťƤƙƌ ųſƻĥĪ ŸũƤƉ ñ ñ .ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ŪƃƢƉĪ ťƤƌĥ ƢũƆ ĭĥ ĝŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĭ ųſƻĥ ƁŬƏĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶĪ ljĭĬ ųƆ ƻĥĪ ƥƌĥ ƧĪ .ƎƍſƢƉĥ ƻŤƌƦƇƀŶ ƈſĥŴƍƊƕ ŁŴƆ ŧĪĬ ƻĥƢſƻ ųƆ űƀŶŁĥĪ ĭĬñ ljĭųƉĭ ťƤƙƍƉ ŧƢƐũƆĭ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƄƆ ƢƉĥñ .ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉĪĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶĪ ŦĭĬĪõ ĝƻŤƉŴƍƟ ò ò ñ ĝťƍƀƃ ƎƉ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ Ʀƌĥ ŀƢƙƉ ƎƄſĥĪ ĝŦŵŶĥĪ ƁƆ ƻĥ IJĬñ ƨƘĥ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥĭ ƎƉ ƻŵŶõ Ƣƀū ŴƍƉ õ .ŧƢŬƘĪ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƊƆ ĻŁĭƦƣĥĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŦŁŴƕĪŴƤƉ ò ò ŦŁųŨĥ ò ñ ŦƦƇƉ ŧĪĬ ĝŦŁűƖŨ ĶĭƦƊƉ ľƦƘĪ ĝŦƻųƭ ƁŬƏĪ ƁLjƊƉ ò ŦŁŴſűŶ Ƣƀū ķĭųƿ .ƨƄƐƉ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ƎſŵŶƦƉ ķĭųŨĪ .ƎƀŷũƤƉ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ƻŤƣƢƙƉ Ƨ ŧűſĥĪ ñ űƃ Ƣƀū ŧĪųƇźƉ .ƎƀƍƄƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ťƕĪĭŴƣ ñ ƦƌǃŤƤƉ ò ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ ƢƉŤƌĪ IJĬñ Ƌƕ ĝƎſųƍƉ ƎſŁǓŁ Ļĥ ŧĪŴƌĪ ľĪĮ ĝƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ò ñ ĜŦƼƇſĪò Ƨĭ ŦŁŤƀŬƏ ƨƉò űƀŨĭ .ŧĪĬ IJĬ ŦŁƢſƻĪ Ĝljĥ ƢƉĥñ űƃ ƦƠƐƘ ŁųƊƣ ťūƢŹŴƟ ĜťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ljĪĬŴƖƆ ħĭŁĭ .ƻŴŶ ŁƢƉĥŁĥĪ IJĬñ ĜŦƼſǔŶ ťƍſűƆ ljĥ ŧƢƟƦƉ űƃ .ƑƍſűƍƠŨ ƁƆ ƦƊƟ ƗŨǓĥĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ .Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ űƃ õõ ò ƎƉĭ .ƑƀƏĭĥò ŁƢũƕĪ ñ ƢƉĥñ ƎƀƌĬõ űƃ ƎƀƌĬõ Ƣƀū űƃ ĖťũƃĭĿ ljǃĮƢƖƉ ťƕĪĭŴƣ Ƨ ĜŦŁŴƀƏƧ ħƢƟŁŁ ŦƦƇƉ (169) ŧűſĥñ ĝƦƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ƧĪ Ʀƌĥ Ƣƙƃñ ħĭŁĭ ĝƦƌĥ ò Ƣƀū ƎƉñ ƎſųŨ .ťſŵŶƦƉ ƁƆĪ ƅſĥ ŸƄƤƌĪ ťſƞƉ ƎƉĪ ƎƀƌĬñ űƀŨ ĜŦƦũƤŷƊŨ ò .Ʀƌĥ Ƣƙƃĭ ñ Ʀƌĥ űŷƃƦƉ ĝƁƏƢƘŁĥĭ ƑƐƃŁĥĭ ħǁŁĥ ĭűƃ űƀŶĥ ƎſĪ ƨƊŨ

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ƎſĪ ŦƼƕĿŁ ĝťƊſĥ ťƍƤƆĪ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ťñƀƭ ƅƇſĪ ťŹĥŴƘ ƅſĥĪ ĪŴŷƇŨ Ƨĥĭ ĜƦƌĥ .ŦƦƉŴƉ ƧĪ ò ò ŦŁĿĪ ƎƉ ķĭųſƻĥ Ƨ ƎƘĥ ĝťƘŴƐƇƀƘĪ ŦƻƦŶ ƎƀƆųƆĪ ĝƦŨǁĪ õ ƎſĪ ƈźƉ ò ò ŦŁűƕĪ ťƏŴƊƌ ƎƉ ƢũƆĪ ĜƅƤƙƌ ĺĪ ĜƎƍƀƙƤƉ ƨƉĪ ťƠƣŴƙŨ ƁŬƏñ :ƎƇſĪ ŦŁŴƙƐƇƀƘĪ ĝƢƉĥõ .Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ťƍƙƇƉò ƎƉ ƥƌĥ Ƣƀū Ƨ .ŧĪĬ ƦŨǁ ò ŦųƊƣĪ ò ò ƎƍŶ Ǝſűũƕ ťƤſĪ ĝƢũƆĪ ƅſĥ ƻŤƙƀƠƌ Ƨĥ .ƨƉĪĭ ĝƎƇſĪ ťƍƙƆŴƀŨ ò ťƍƙƆŴſò ƋƕĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĝŧĪųƆ ƎƀƇƠƣĪ ƎſƢƉĥ IJƦƉĥ ŧűŷƉĭ .ťŹĬĪ ŧĿƢƣĪ ƨƃŴƏĭ ĸŴƟŴƇƏ ŁŴƆ ŸƇƣ ñ ljĪĬŴƕĪ ĭĬñ ĸŴƀƃŴƇƀƙƉĥ ĜƈƀƃĬ õ űƃ ĝŦųƆƧ ƈŶĪ ò ñ ŁŴƆĪ ƨƉĪ ťƍƙƆŴƀƆĭ .ħǁ õ ĴĭűŨ ťƍƃĬ ñ ĜŦƦŶŴƤƉĪ ŧűūǓŴƏĪ IJĬ ŦŁƢūĥ ò ñ ƥƊƤƌĭ ŦƼƉ ťƀƏŴƊƌ ťƠƐƘĪ ťƍſĪñ ƅſĥ ťƙƍŶ ťƀƏĬƢƙƆ ŦŤƘĪ ƅſĥ ĜƑƄŹ ò ŦƦƊƄŶĪ Ƣƀū ljŤƃ .ťŨǁĪò ƈƄŨ ƦƊƀƄŶ ťſĿĭĥƦƆĭ ĝŧƢſǔƣ ťƍƙƆŴſĪ ñ DŽƖƆ ƎƉĪ ťŶĭĿĪ ƅſĥ .ƦŶƦƆĪ ŦŁĭĪƢƉĪ ŦĭĬŁ ŦŁƢƉ ĜťſŁĥ Ŧųƭ ƎƉĭ ųſƻ ñ .ŧűƖƉ ƻŤƙƄƌ ƎſĪ ƥƊƣŁĪ ĝťŷƙƌƦƉ ƻŤƠſƢƏ ŴƆĪ ŦƦƉĥĪ Ƣƀū IJųíƆ ĖűũƕƦƣŁĪ ľĪĮ ƦŶƦƆĪ IJĬñ ĜŦųƭĪ ñ ĸŴƀƊƌĭĥ űƃ ĜťŨĿ ƎſĪ ƑƀƇƀƐŨ ĶűƟ ƎƉ ŦŁĭŵƀƇūĭ ŦŁŴƀƍƠƆ ĪųƕŁĥ ƧŴƕ ƎƉĪ IJĬñ ĝűũƕ õ ťūƢŹŴƟĪ ŦƦŨĿ ŦƦƇƕ õ ĪŴŷƇŨ ŧĪĬ IJĬõ ĜĬƦƖƌĽ ƑƄƌĪ ŦŁűŶ ƨƟ (170) ŁƢŨ ĝŦųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ŦƦƇƊƆ ƈƖƌ ŦƦźƀƣ ŦŁŴƙƐƇƀƘ ò .ťƍƃĬ ťũŨűƇƖŨĪ ĬŁŴƆĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ ťƀƉűƟ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ Ƣƀū ħǁ .ŦųƊƣĪ ñ ĝųƆűƟ ƋſĿĥ ųƍƉĪ ĝƎƄƙƉñ ťƊƇƕĪ ŦƦƊƄŶ ƎƉĪ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ĖƑƀƇƀƐŨĖ ò ťƠƐƘ ò ŁĭŁűŷƆĭ Ƣƀū ƑƇźźƒĿĥĪ .ŦŴŶĥĪ ťƀƤƟ Ƨ ĜƋƏ ƎƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ƨƉĪ ƻĥ ĝųƇſĪ ƋƀƣĿĪ ƑſǓŴŬëźƟ ƎƀƆųŨ ĭƢƟĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ĻĥĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ .Ǝſųſƻĥ ò ƎſųſƻĥĪ ƢƉĥñ ŦŁŴƀƍƟĪò ŦƼƍſǓŁĪ .ŦŁĭŵƀíƇūĭ ŦŁŴƀƍƟò ƈźƉ ƨƉò ķĭƢƉŤƌĪ ò ƎƉ Ƨĥ ĝťŶĭĿĪ ťƍƙƆŴſò ƎƉ ŴƆĪ IJĬŴſŴŷƌ űƃĪ ŁĭĬ ťƠƙƏ ƎſĪ ƎƆ .ŦŁĭŵƀíƇū ŴƀƕƦƣĥĪ .ĬŁŴƆ ƢƉŤƌ ŧĿŴƉŵƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĜdžƊƉ ljĬ ťƊƇƕĪ ljŴƃǓĥĪ ŦƦƊƄŶ ò ťƏŴƊƌ IJǔũƕ ƁƆ ƎƉ ŴƆĪ ƎƍƙƇſ űƃĭ .ťſƢƉ ƅƏŴƊƌ ƅſĥ Ƨ Ƨĥ .ťƠƟŴƘ ƨƟ ŁƢŨ ƢƃĪƦƌ ĜķǔƉĥƦƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ǝſųſƻĥ ťŷƀƤƉ ĺŴƤſ ķƢƉĪ ťƍƙƆŴſò ljĮ ljųŨĭ .džƊƉ ųƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ĜŦŁŴƇūĪ džƊƉĪ IJƦƉĥĪ .ųƇſĪ ò ŦŤūŴƏ ŧűŶ ƧĪ ĜŦƦƖſűſ Ǝƍſűũƕ ƥƍǀƆ ĜťƃĿĬ ƎƉ űƃ .ƎƆ ơƐƙƌ IJĬŴƇƉĪ

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ĭĥ ĝƢƀƆŤŨ ŁŴƆ ťŷƀƤƊƆ ŦŁŴƊƇƣ Ƣƀū ŧűſĥñ . ķĭĬŁŴƆ ƎƆ ƻĥ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƣ ò ŁŴƆĪ Ƣƀū ŦŁƢūŤŨ ĖťƍƊſųƉ Ƨ Ƌƕ ťƍƊſųƊƆ ŦƦƍƉ ŧűſĥñ ĭĬõ ƢƉĥñ ťƀíǑ ò ò ĭƢſƻ ƎƉ ĜŦųƊƤŨĭ ƨƃŴƐŨ ĜŧĿƢƣĪ ťƍƙƆŴſ ĪŴŶŤƌĪ Ƨĭñ ƎƉñ ĶűƟŴƆ .ťƍƙƇƉ ŦŁŴũƀŹĭ ťƐƄŹ ťƀƇƊƉĪ ĜŸƤŶƦƌ ƢũƆĪ ŦƦƊƄŷŨ Ļĥ ĜƻŤƙƀƠƌĭ Ƣƀū ñ ƻDŽƀƃĬ ķĥ ĖƑƀƇƀƐŨĖ .ťƍƃĬ ƎſĪ ħǁ õ .ŧǓŤƘ ƈƕ ƎƀƙƀƌĪ ťƘǔŹĪ ò ĶűƉ ŦŁŴſƼŨ Ƨĥ ĜƧ ƎſĪ ķĥ ĝƎſĬƦƕűſ ƎƆ ŦĭĬŁ ŦŁƞƀƭ .ŧĪűŶò ŁŴƆ ƨƊíƆ IJĬĪñ ŦŁĭŁƦƐƊƆ ŧƢſƞŨ Ƨ ĜťƙƇŶŴƣ ƚƆŤƌ ƎƍƀƊƀƏ ŧĪűŶò ŁŴƆ űƃĪ IJĬñ ñ .ŧĿƼƉĪ ťƊƆĽ ŦŁĭĪǔƉ ƎƉ ŧűŶ ƈƃ Ʀƌĥ (171) ťƉűƉ űƃ ƈƀƃĬ ƎƊíƆ ñ ŦĭĬŁĪ IJĬñ ĝŦƦŨƞƌĪ ŦƻƼŨ ŦŁĭĿƼƉ ųſƻĥĪ ƎƉñ ljŵƃĥ Ƨĥ .ƅƆ ŀűŬƌ ò ò ŧǓŤƙŨ ťŶŴƣ Ļĥ ťƍƃĬ ĜŦǁŴƐŨ ƎƀƆŁĪ ťƘǔŹĭ ĶűƉ ŦƦŨĽ ƎſĪ ƎſƼƉ ĝťſŤƘ ñ ŦƦƊƄŷŨĪ IJĬñ Ƨĭ ĜŴũƀŹ ƧĪ ƎſĪ ųſƼƆ .ŧĿƢƣ ťƀƉűƟ ƎƉñ ŧĿŤƘ .ťƤƙƌĪ ťſŤƘ ƧĪ ŴƆ ŦŁŵŶ ŧĿŤƙƆĪ ĝŦƼƐƃŁĪ ĶűƉ ťƘǔŹ ƅſĥĭ .ťƙźƖƉ ŦĭĬŁ ŦƻƢŨ ĖƎƀŨųſ ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ĜŸƤŶƦƉ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťƤſűƟĭ űƃ ĜťƐƘŴŹ ƈƀƃĬ ljųŨ ò ťƍƀƄŨ ƁźƀƤƘ ŁŴƆ Ƣƀū ŴƆ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ħǁ õ ĸŴƐƍƟŴƏ ŁŴƆĪ ĖƎƀƤƍƄƉ ťũƃĭƢŨĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƈƕ Ļĥ Ƨĥ .ƻĥƢſƢƣ űŶ ƢƉĥƦƉ ĪŴŷƇŨ ƅſĥ ĝƢƉĥõ ŧĪĬ IJĬõ ĜťŷƀƤƉ ĭĬ űŶĪ ĭĬñ ťƊūƦƘ ƁƌŴƘĭ ƧĥŴƣĪ ƎſĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨ ò ĖƢũƆĪ ťƊƀƄŷƆ Ļĥ Ƣƙƣñ Ƣƀū ťƍƃĬ ĖĸŴƇſĿŴƟĖ .ƚƏĭĥ ĭƢſƻ ƎƉĪ ĴŁŴƙƄƍƆ ŦǂƀƄƉ ŦƼƕĿŁ Ƌƕ ƎƀƆĬ ƅſĥĪĭ ƎƀƆĬ ĝljĥ űƃ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƊƆ .Ʀƌĥ ťƀƐƍƉ ƧĪ ŁƢƉĥ Ƨ Ƣƀū ĭĥ .ťŹǔƏ ƈƕ Ʀƌĥ ơƐƕƦƉ ĝŁĪųƕ ò .ĴĪųƖƌ ƅƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ƣƀū ħĭŁ .ƎƀƆųŨ ljĥ Ƣũƣĭ ĝŦųƭ ƦƇŶĪĪ ťƍƙƆŴſĪ ƨƄƏ Ƣƀū ŦĭĬñ .Ʀƌĥ ƋƣĿ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ƁƆ ƈƀŨŁĪ ťƍƙƇƉ ƎſĪ ƻŤƀƇūĪ ƈƕ İĭƢƐƌ ťŹǔƏ ťƍƙƇƉĪ IJĬñ ƎſĪ IJĬ ŧƢƕĽ .ƁƆ Ʀƌĥ ƞƭ ƦƌĥĪ ƈźƉ ƎƀƆĬ ťŹǓŴƏ ŧƢƙƏ űƃ ĝơƐƕƦƌ ťƀǑ Ļĥ ƎſűƉ .ŦŁǔƀŷŨ Ƨ ƎƀƆĬ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò .ĮƢƃ Ǝƀũſǁ Ƣƀƙƣ ƧĪ .ŦŁűƕĪ Ʀƌĥ ƨƟ ŁƢŨĭ ĜťŷƌűƊŨ ƦƠŨƦƣĥ ŦƻĽĭƞƇŨ ƅſĥĪ ĜƦƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ťƣĬ Ƨĥ ťƍƃĬĪ ƎſĭĬ Ǝƀƕűſ Ƨ Ƨĥ .ƥƌĥ űŷƃƦƉ ĜĬƦƇźƉ ƢƉŤƌ ljƢŶĥ ƎƘĥĪ IJĬñ (172) Ǝſűũƕ ŧĪĬƦƌĪ ơƀƍƏĪĭ ĝťƘŴƇſ ƥƌĥ űſĽĪ ƅſĥĭ .ƅƤƙƌ ƈźƉ ƅƆ ŦĭĬ ƻĥ

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ƎſĭĬ Ǝƀƕűſĭ .ƎſĭĬ ƎƀŨǁ ƎſĭĬ ƎƀƇƀƃŁ űƃ Ļĥ ĜŧĪĬ ƈźƉĭ .ŦŁǔūĥ ƎſĭĬ ƦƊŶĿĪĭ .ťŶĭĿ ƅƀƙƇŶ ťƠƙƌĪ ƎƀƆųŨĪ IJĬñ ŦŁŴƀƐƍƉ Ƨ ƅƆ ŁĭĬ ƻĥĪ ò ķĭųſƻĥĪ ĭĭĬ ƎƀƉĪ ťƍſƢŶĪ ŴƆĭ ťƍƙƆŴſ Ʀƌĥ ŀǁƦƉ űƃ ƎſĪ ťƣĬ .ƧĥŴƣ ñ ĜŦƦƕűſ ƨíƆĭ ŦŁŴƀƐƍƉ ƨíƆ ĬŁűũƕ ĜƻŤƙƀƇſ Ƨ ķǔƀƉĥĪ ƨƟò ƦƍŨò ƚƇŶ ñ Ŧųƭ űƃ ƅƤƙƌ ƈƕ ljĥ ĸŤŶ űƃĭ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ .ŦŁŴƙſƞſ ƎƉĪ ŦƼźŶ ĪųƏ õ ò ñ ñ ƦƍŨ ƎƉ ơŶĿŁĪ ĜƅƆ ljĥ ƅƇƉĭ .ƦƠƙƌ ŦƦƆŁĪ ljĬ ťƄƇƉ õ ŁŴƆĭ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ .ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ƨƟò ŦƦƕƞƊŨ ĝťƤƊƣĪ ƁƆ ƻĥ ťƐƄŹ ƎƉñ ljĥĪ ĝƅƇſĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƅſǃƦƌ Ƣƀū ķĥ ñ Ĝųſƻĥ ťƙƠƌĪ ĜŦƻĽĭƞƇŨ ħĭŁ ƎſĪ Ʀƌĥ ĝljĥ űŷƃƦƉ ljĥ ƢƉĥñ ŧĪĬ űƃ ƎſĪ ñ ƎƀƉĪĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ Ĝųſƻĥ ťƀƍƤƊƣ ťŨĭĪĪ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ŦƻĽĭƞƇŨĪ ò Ǝƀƍƣ ƦƣĪ ťƍŨĮ űƃĪ ƈƀƃĬ ŦŴŶ .ŧĿųƍƉ ŦĭĬŁ ťƤƊƣĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŦƼūƢūǔƤƆ ò ò ñ ŁƢƉĥĪ ĝƦŨǁñ ŦŁŤƀŬƏ ŦŁǔūĥĭ ĝťƀƃŴƀźƌĥĪ ŦŁűƖŨ ljĥ ƦLjƊƉ ŧűŶĪĭ ťƕĪĭŴƣ űŶĪĭ ĝIJĬĭƻĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ƎŨĮ ŧűŶĪĪ ĝĭĬĪõ IJƦƉDŽſĥŴƍƊƖƆ .ŦƼƇſĪ ƎƍŶ .Ʀƌĥ ťƖŨñ ťƏĥŁŁ ƎƍƀŷƉĪ ĭĬñ ƅſĥĭ ĝƦƖƇŨ õ ƎƍƉĪ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉĥñ ƎſĪ ťƍƊƆ ò ò ŦŁŴƀƏĥĪ ťƍƙƆŴſ ųƿĪ ĝŦŁųŨĥĪ ťƍƙƆŴƀŨ ƎƍŷƤŶŁĥ űƃ ƅƌĪųƕ Ƣƀū ĺűſñ Ƨ ĜƅƤƙƍƆ Ʀƌĥ ťŷƉ ƎſĪ ƦƌĥĪ .ƨƀŶĭ ťƐƄŹĭ ƎſųŨ ƻĥ ťƍƊƆŴŶĪĭ ò ŦƼƍƀƏŤƉ ò ò ŦŁƢūŤŨ ljĥ ŁƢƉĥñ űƃĪ ťƍƃĬ .Ʀƌĥ ơŶĪ ƨƟò ƦƍũíƆĭ .Ʀƌĥ ñ ŦŁųŨĥĪ ĝťƀƏĭĥĪ ťƊƤŨ ƎſĪ ƎƍƀŷƤŶƦƉ ĝŦųƭ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ĝƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁĭĪųƏ ŧĪųƆ ƻƻĥĭ ĝƎƍŶ ƎƀŷƤŶƦƉ ķŁŴƆĪ ŦŁŴƍƄƐƊŨ ŧűŷƃĥ (173) űƃ ò ŁƢŨƦƏĥ ħĭŁ ĜťƤſűƟ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟĪĭ ĝŦƻųƭ džƊƉ ĸŴſĿŴŬſƢūĪ ò ƁƇŶĪ ķĭųǀƆĪ IJĬñ ĶűƉ ŦƼƍƐƃĥ ƅſĥĭ ĜŧƢƀƉĥĪ IJĬñ ƈƕ ťƘŤŶ ƦƇƠƣĪ ƦƙƇſĪ ƈźƉ ĜŦųƆƧ ljĥ ŧƢƟñ ťƀƏĭĥĪ ĜƢƉĥŁĭ ŦƻŁ ŦƦƕƞƊƆ ĜťƤſĪ Ŧųƭ IJĬñ ĝťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ .ƁƌĿűƣ ƁſĬĭƻĥĪ ĭĬĪñ ĝƢƉĥĪ õ ųƍƉ ò ñ ƧĭĪñ ĝŦŁųŨĥ ŴƖƊƣ űƃ ĝƢƉĥĪ ñ ťƊƀƄŶ ĸŴƆŴƙƆ Ƨĭ .ƨƖƉ Ŧƻ ƧĪ ĭųíƆ ñ ƎƉ ĜťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ƈƖƆĪ Ƣƀū ĭĬñ .IJĬĭƻĥĪ ƎƊſųƌĪ ŦųƆƧ ħƢƟƦƉĪ ñ ĸĭƢƙƿ Ʀƌĥ ƗƍŹ ƞƉ űƃĪ ƈƀƃĬ ŦĭĬ Ƨĭñ Ƨ .IJĬĭƻĥ IJĬĭƻĥĪ IJųŨ ò ò ò ĝŦŁǔſƻ .ĿŴƣŁ ťƍƙƇƉĪ ƨƉ ƈƕĭ ťƠſǔƏ ťƀƖƐŨ

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ĝƢƉĥñ ĶĭƦƉ ƥƌĥ Ƨ Ļĥ ŦƼƇſĪ ƻŤƌƢƉ Ŧųƭ ŁŴƆĪ ljĥ ŁƢƉĥñ űƃ ƎſĪ ħĭŁ ò ĝħǁĪ ƎƀƇƙƌĪ ljǔƕŴƏ ŁŴƆĪ ƅſĥ õ ƑſƢūĭĥĪ ķĭƨƙƟ ƻƻĥĭ ĝťƉŴŶƦŨ ĭĥ ťƣĪĥ ĭĥ ĝĨƢźƟƦƉĪ ųƆ ƻĥ ťƐƍū ĭĥ ĝƧĥŴƣ ƈƃ ķĥĪ ĖƑſƢūĭĥĖ ƻĥ ƢƉĥŁĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƎſĪ ĶűƉ Ƨĭ ĝťƣűū ĭĥ ŦƼƇſĪ ĭĥ ĝťƙƇŶŴƣ ĖƢƉĥƦƉ ƧĪ ĭĬñ űūƦƐƌ ťƟƦƤŨ ĜŦƦƤſűƟ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŁŴƆ ŴŷƄƤƊƆ ŦųƭĪ ƎſĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ĜƦŨǁĭõ ƼƐƌ ƢƉŤƌ ƻŤŨǁĪ ŦƦƇƊƆ ƨūĿĪ ťƉĿŁĪ ñ ƁƆ Ʀƌĥ ŧƢƟñ ťƍƊƆ .ƦƊŶŁ ñ ťũŹ ƥƌĥ Ƨĭ .ťũŹ õ ŦŁŴũƀŹ ƻŤƀƇū ƁŬƏĭ ñ ŦųƭĪ ĝųſƻĥ IJĬĭĪŴŷƇŨĭ ƥƌƧ ųƆĪ IJĬñ ŦƼƇſĪ Ƣƀū ķĥ .Ŧųƭ űŶ ķĥ Ƨĥ ĜťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ŧĪĬ (174) ƻŤƀƇū ĜŦƦũŹ ŦƼƉűƟ ŦƦƇƊŨ IJĬĭĪŴŷƇŨĭ ƎſĪ ñ ñ ŦƦũŹ ųſƻĥ ťƍƃĬ .ŦųƀƉŁ ĭĥ Ʀƌĥ ƢƉñDŽƀƃĬ ťƍƉ ĖŦƦƇſĪĪ ųſƻĥ ťƉŴŶŁ ƢƉĥõ ƎſűƉ ĜŦŁŴƆĭĬĽ ťƀƏŴƏĪĭ ĝŦŁŴƃŴŷū ťƤƌĥ ƢŨĪĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝŦųƭĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ƻŤƌƢƉ IJĬ ťƍƉĪ ƎƍƀƕĪĭƦƤƉ ťƍƃĬĭ .Ŧųƭ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƀƏĭŤŨ ťƍƉ ĜƼƉűƟ ñ ƎƉ ƢũƆ ťƀƏĭĥ ųſƻĥ ƎſƢŶĥ ĶűƉĪ ťƖſűſ Ƣƀū ťƊſűƟ .ųƇſĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ĜĵŁŁ ťƣűū ĻĥĪ ƎſĪ ťƠƍƌĥ .ťſŵŶƦƉ ƑƀƏĭòDŽƕ Ƣƀū ŦƼƇſĪ .ŦƼƇſĪ ò ŦŁŴƄƀƐƉ ƼŶŁĭ .ťƉŴŶŁ ò ƎƀƤƍƃƦƉ ƎſųƍƉĪ ŦƼƌǔŶĥ ƎƀƆĬĭ ŦƻŁ ťƉŴŶŁĪ .ŦųƆƧ ĝŦųƭ űŶ ķĥ Ƨĥ ťũŹ ƥƌĥ Ƨĭ ĝŧƢƉĥĪ IJĬñ ŦƼŨǁ ŦŁĭĪųƏ ĻĥĪ ƎſĪ ƈźƉ ĝƢƉĥĪ õ ťŨǂƆ ųƆ ĺĪ ĜŦƦũƤŷƉ ƧĪ ŧĪĬ ŦƦƇƉ ƅƆ ŧĿƢƤƉĪ ŁƢũƏĥ ñ IJĬñ ųſƻĥ ƻŤƌƢƉ ŦƼƇſĪĪ ƈƀƃĬ ƈźƉ .Ŧųƭ ťƊƀƄŶ IJĬĭĪŴŷƇũƆ ñ ŦƦƇƉĪ ĜƻŤƀƇū ƅƇſĪ ƨƉò ƅſĥ ŦƦƊƄŶ ƅſĥ ťŷƃƦƤƉ Ĝųſƻĥ ƥƌĥ űŷƆĪ ò ñ ƻĥ ŦƼƇſĪĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƧĪ ŦŁĭǓŴźƣ ƎƀƆĬ űƀŨ ĝŦƼƇſĪ ƈƀƃĬ ƎſŁǓŁ .ųíƆ ƦƤƠƌ ĜƦƿŁŁĥ ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ŦŁƢſǔƟ ŦŁŴŶǔƉ ƈƕ űƃ ĶƢŨĭ .ƎƆ IJŵŶŁĥ ñ ƎƀƆĬ ŁƢƠſĭ .ŦŁƢŷƆ ķŁŴƆ ťƍƀƣ Łűũƕĭ õ ĜŧƢƉĥƦƉĪ IJĬñ ƅſĥ ťƙƭĪ ĬŁƢŷŨ Ƣƀū IJĬĭƻĥ .ƢƠƀƌ ťƟƦƤŨ ƎŨĿĭǓĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ Ŧƞƭ ĶƢŨ .ŁƢƉĥĭ õ ƅƇſĪ ƧĪ .ŦƼƇſĪĭ ťƀƏĭĥ ƎƉ ƈƖƆ ĜŦųƭ ŴƆ ŦŁŴũźƆ ĸŴƀźƌƢŹ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁƢūŤŨ ĸŴƀƇƀƐŨ ťƊƀƄŶĪ ĺĪ ĶƢŨĭ ñ űƃ .ťƀƏĭƧ Ƨĥ ĝƈƠƣ ñ ŦƼƇſűƆ ƎƉñ ŦƦƇƉ ĖĸŴƀƇƀƐŨĖ .ťƍƃĬ ħǁ õ ƎſƢŶĥ ĶűƉ ķĥ (175) ĭĥ .ŦŁĭųƭ ĭĥ .ŦŁŴũŹ .ƎƄſĥ ƅſĥĪ .ŦŴūĪ ťƀƏĭĥĪ

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ƎſĪ ķĥ ĖĸŴƀƇƀƐŨĖ .ƢƉĥõ ĸŴƀƊƌĭĥ ŁŴƆĪ ƎſǓŁĪ ƎſĪ ŧƢƉŤƊŨĭ ĖljĿƦƉ ò ĭĥ ĝƎƍƀƊƀƏ ŧĿĬŴƌ ŦųƭĪ ƎƉñ ťƀƏĭĥ .IJĬĭƻĥĪ ƎƉñ ĭĬñ ųƿ ĝŦƦũŹ ĭĥ ĝťƀŶ ò ò Ƨ ķĭųƆ ƻĥ ťƀŷƆ ƎſĪ ťƙƠƌĪ ĝŦƦũŹ ųƿĭ ŧĿĬŴƌ ųƿĭ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƀŶ ŴƆ ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ ĖťźƀƤƘ ťƀƏĭŤŨĪ ĭĬñ ťũƃƢƉ Ƨ ŴƆ ťƍƄſĥ ĜŦŁĭűƀƇſĥ ñ ĭĥ ĜŦŁĭųƭ ĭĥ ĜŦųƭĪ ųſƻĥ ťƀƏĭĥĪ .ƻŤƄƤƙƉ Ƨĥ ĝťƍƙƇƉ ƢƉĥõ ƻŤƖƀũƟ ò ĭĥ ŧĿĬŴƌ ĭĥ ĜŦŁŴũŹ ťƀƏĭŤŨ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƍƉĪ ƎƍŶ Ǝƀƕűſ Ƨ ĜŧĿƢƤŨĪ ƈźƉ ĜťƀŶ ò ťƀƏĭĥĪ ŦƦƇƊƆ Ƨĥ .Ŧųƭ ŁŴſŴƤŨĭ .ƻŤƌŴū ťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƇƟƦƤƉ ò ƎƀƣƢƙƉĪ ƎƀƉŴƍƟò ŦƦƆƦƆ ŧƢƠſĥ ò ťƀƍƇſĪò ťƍƟŴƀŨ Ƨ ƎƉñ ťŨĥ ķĭųŨĪ .ƎƊŷíƆ ťƤſűƟ ƎſĪ ťŶĭĿ .ƻĥűƀƇſ ƎſĪ ŧƢŨ .ƥƌĥ ƎƉ ŴƆĭ ĜIJĬĭƻĥ ƻĥűƀƇſĥ .ƻŤƟŴƙƌ ò ò ò ñ ĝŦŁųŨĥĪ ƨƟ ƦƍŨ ƈƕ Ʀƌĥ ƢƠƘ űƃ ƎſĪ Ʀƌĥ .ťŹǓŴƐŨ ƦƠƐƕŁĥ ƎƉñ Ʀƌĥĭ ŦĽĭĪò ƻŤƄƀƄƉ ƎſĪ ljĥ ƢũƀƐƉ .ljĥ ơƐƕƦƉ Ƨ ƢƉĥñ ƻŤŨǁĪ ħĭŁ ƎƉ ťƉĿ ťƍƀũūĭ ĝĴŁŴƍƉĭĥ ƁƍŨò ƎƉ ƥƌĥ ŁŴƆĪ ƢũƏŁ Ƨĭ .ĴƼƕĿŁĪ ñ ĝƢũƏŁ ŦƼƌƦƇƀŶ Ƨĭ .ƨƉò ƅƆ IJĭĬò õ ĝƋſƢƉ ƨźƒĥ ŧƢūŤƍƏ ŦĭĬŁĪ IJųíƆ ò ĝŁƢƉĥñ ķŤƀŬƏ ò IJĬñ ĝŦƦƣǓűƉ Ƨ ƨƟò ƦƍũíƆ ò ò .ŦŤƀŬƏ ťƉŴƉ ƎſƼƉĪĭ ƎƀƍŨĮĪ ƥƌDŽźƉĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝŦƼƀũƌ ŦƦƇƉ ŧƢƉĥĪ ĝƢŨƦƏŁ ķƦƇźƉ Ļĥ ƧĪ ťƍƄſĥ ò Ɵ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ IJĬñ ŦŁŴƄƀƄƉ Ƣƀū ťũŹ .ĬĿųŨŴƣ ƎƉ ŧƢƕĽ ŪŶĥĪ IJĬñ ĝťƀƉű .ĶƢƉĿƦƌ ųƤƙƌ ƅƄƊƉĪ ĭĬĪñ .ƢƉĥñ űƃ ƎƆ ƋƇƣĥ ķƢƉĪ ò ĝťƍƃĬ ƅſĥĪĪ ƎƉ ƨƟ ƦƍŨò ƈƕ ĜŦĭĬŁ ƧĪ ljĥ ƧƞƉĪ IJĬñ ĝŦŴƟŁ ƎſųŨ ƎſĪ ķĥ .ƨūǓĪ ƨŶĭ ljŤƉò ljĥ ƞƙƍƉ ƻƨŬƌĭĥ ĜŧƢūŤƍƏ Ʀƌĥ ŦĭĬĪñ ŁƢũƏĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ò ñ .ķŤƀŬƏ ƎƀƍŨĮò ķĪųƕŁDŽƖƆĪ ťƊƀƄŷƆ ŧƢƀƉĥĪ (176) IJĬñ ĜƎſųƆ ljĥ ƢƉĥĭ .ħŴƠƖſĪ ŦŁĭŁƢƀŨ ŸƃƦƣŁ Ƨ .ŦŁŴƉ ťƙźƖƉ ƻƨŨŴƠƏĪ ŦƦƇƉ ƻĥĪ ħǁŁĥ ĭűƃ ƎƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĪŴŷƇŨ Ƨĭ ĝİĬĿŁ ƅƆĭ ƅƍƉĪ ƎſĪ ƅƆ ljĥ ƑƀƙƉ ñ ƎƀƇſĥ Ǝſųƿ ŦƼƌǔŶĥĭ Ƨĥ ĜƅƍƉ ƁƍƀƟŴũƣĭ ĜťƍźƆŴƤŨ ħĭǁ Ʀƌĥ ťŨĽĪ ò ĺűſñ űƃ .ťƘŤŨ ŪƐƉ ƧĪ ƋƀŨ ĶűƟ ĝŧƢūŤƍƏ ƁƆ Ʀƌĥ ŦĭĬŁ ŦƦƕűſ ƧĪ ĝƁƆ ò ò ŦƼƆĭñ ƎƉ ƢũƆĭ ĝƅƍƉ ƎŨǁƦƉĪ ƎƉ ĜľĭƦƣĥ ķĥ ĜƎſŁĥ ƎƀƆĬ Ƣƀū ljĥ ò ĝljƢƏŴŶĪ ťƍƍƉŵƉ ljĥ ŦĭĬñ ŦŤƀŬƐíƆĭ .ťƟƦƣĪ ljĥ ħųſñ ŦƦƖŨŁ ĸĭƢƙƿ ñ ƎƀƆųŨ ƦƟƦƣĪ ƻŤƀƌƢŶĥĭ ƎſĪ ƁƆ .ľĭƦƣĥ .ŦĭĬ Ƨĭñ Ƨ ƁŬƏĪ ñ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ

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ñ .ŦŵŶŁĥ ñ ƧĪ IJĬñ ljĥ ĻĪĿĪ ĭĬñ .ŪƤŶŁĥ ĭűƃ ƎƉ ĭƼƉĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƋƕĪ ljŤƃĪ ųſƻĥ ò ò ñ ƅſĥ ljĥ ĻĪĿƦƉ ŦƦũƠƖŨ ťũŨűƇƖŨ ƎƉ ƻĥƢſƻ ťƣĬĭ ƎſĪ Ƨĭ .ljĥ ƗƊƣĪ .ķŴƐƖƌ ƎƀƆųŨĪ ƎƀŨĽĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ĝƨŶĪ ƧĪ ƨƉò ơƘĥ ƻƨŨŴƠƏĪ ljĥ ŸƄƤƉ ò ƎƀƆĬĭ ĴŁŴƆĪ ťŨŴŷŨĪ Ĝljĥ ƢƉĥñ Ŧųƭ Ƣƀū ƗƊƣ ñ űƃ ƎƀƆĬĭ ĜŦƼƉűƟ Ĵĭűƿ ƎƉĪ ĝťƍƖźƇƠƣĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ŦŁŴƆĽ ƁƆ ƻĥ űƃĭ .ƦŷƇƣñ ħǁŁĥ ťƣĬĪ ƎƆ ƻĥ Ŧĭųƌ ljĭĬ ĪŴŷƇŨ ŴƆĪ ĜƢƀū ƎƆ ľĪĮñ .ƨſűƕ ƧĪ IJĬñ ƅƆ ƎƉĮĥñ Ƨĥ ĜĭĬĪõ ƎƄſĥ ŀǁƦƌĪ IJĬñ Ƣƀū ŴƆ .ťƍŷũƤƉ Ƣſƻ ťƍƤƆĭ Ƨĥ ĜťƍŷũƤƉ ñ ƋƕĪ IJĬñ Ƨĥ .ĭĬĪõ ƎƄſĥ ƎíźƌĪ IJĬñ Ƨĭ .ƨíƿƦƉ ŀǁƦƌ ƻŤƏŴƊƌĪ IJĬĭ ñ ťƍſƢŶ ƧĪ ŦƦŷƤƊƉĭ ŦǂƀƄƉ ŦƼƕĿŁ Ƌƕ ĝųſƻĥ Ƣƀū ŦƦƊƄŶĪ ĜŦƦƕűſĥ ĶƢƉĿŁ ťƍƄƐƉĪ ŦƦƊƄŶĪ ťƊƀƄŶ ŧƢũū ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬõ ħĭŁ Ƣƀū ƢƉĥñ .ƚƆŤƌ ķĥĪ .ŧƢƉĥ (177) űƃ ŧűƠƘ ƧƦƉĪ ŦŁĭĪƢƉĭ .IJĬŴƀŨŁĭŁ ťƍŨĿĭǓ ƦƍƀŨĭ .ųƤſĿ ñ ƅſĥ ųƀƖŨŁĪ ĭųƌĥĭ ĝƅƇƟ ŁƢŨ ĵŁŁ ŦƦƕűƀƆĭ ĝŧƢƟŁ ŦƦƊƄŷƆĪ ĭĬõ õ ñ ŦųƭĪ ťƕĪĭŴƣĭ ťſƢƉĪ ŦƦƇŶĪ ĺĪŁ ƎſűſĬ ĜŦƦƊƀƏ ƅſĥ ųſƞŨŁĭ ĝťƙƐƃ ťƊƀƏĭ .ŦƦƕűſĭ ŦƦƊƄŶ ųƘĭĽƢƘ ƎƉĭ ĜŦƦƊƄŶ ħųſ ťſƢƉĪ .ŸƄƣŁ ò .ťƍƟĿŴƘ ƎíſĽĿƦƉĪ ƎƀƆųƆ ŦƦƊƀƏ ĝķŴƇƖƌĪ ƎƀƖŨ ŦŁƞſĿŁ ŦŁŴƍƊſĬĪ ųƆ ƻĥ ŦƻĪĭŁĪ ĝķŴƠƀŹŴƌĬĪ ƎſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŁŴƆ ťƐƉŴŹ ƈƃ ƎƉ Ƣſƻ ĻűŬƉĭ ĝljĭűƀƠǀŨĪ ŦŁŴƆŴƕ ťƤƀƘ ŦƼƌĿŤƉ űƃ ñ Ƨĭ ĝķĭƧĪ ñ űŶĥĪ ťƊƀƄƏĥ ƅſĥ .ŦƼƏŴƊƌ ųſƻĥĪ ƅſĥ ťƉƢŶ űƀŨ ťƊƤŨ ƎƀƠƙƌ ò ò ñ ŧĪųŨĭ ĝťƍſŴƇƘĭ ķĭűƀƠƉ ťƊƣ ƁƤƀŨĪ ŦƦƉŴƀŨ ƎƀźƀƤƘ ƢſƻĪ ķŴƌųíƆ ñ ƎƀƖƍŹ ƞƉ ƎƀƇſƧ .ƦŨǁĭ ŁƢƉĥĭ õ ñ ĶűƊƿ ƻŤƊƀƄŶĭ ƻĥƞſĿŁ ĜķŴƖźƌĪ ťƤſĿ ĸĭƢƠƐſĪ ĝťƀƐŶ ljĪĬŴƕĪ ĭĬñ ƋƀƟĪ ƑƀƐƃƢƘĭ ĜljƦƇƀŶ ljĿĪŴƕ ƨƖƉĪ ò ŦŁűƕĪ ŦŁŴƀƃűƆ űƃ .ķƦƤƊƣŁ ƢŨ ŦĭĬĪõ ĭĬñ .ťſĿűƍƐƄƭĪ ťƘŴƠƐƀƘĥĪ .IJŴŶ ƥƍƿ ĶűƟ ŴƠƀŹǓĬ ŁŴƆĪ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƣĪ ťƍźƆŴŶ ƨŨĭ ŦƼƕĿƦŨĭ ò ƚƟĥĭ .űŬƌ ƎƀƤſƢƘĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ŦŤƀŬƏĭ ò .ťƊƣŴŬƆ ťƉĪĬ ĖĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏ ŁŴƆĪ ƦƆŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ƦƊƇƣĖ õ

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ĖŧƢſĭŤƏ ťƃƢſƢźƘĪ ĬŁŴƆ ĜƑƀūƢƏĪ ųƇſĪ űƃ ųƇſĪĖ ò ĝťŷƀƤƊŨ IJƢƊƆ ŧƢƉŤƉ ĜĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ŧƢſƞŨ ƑƀūƢƏ ĜťƘŴƐòíƇƀƘ ŦųŨƧ ò .ťŶĭƢŨ ơƙƉĪ ƨƘĥ ĜťŨĥ ƁƏƢƘŁĥ űƃĪ ĝƦƙſĭ Ƌƀƣ ťƀƍŨò ťƐƍŬŨ ƁƐƇƠƉ ƥƌĥ ŧűũƕ õ ƎſĪ ƋŶ .ŴƀƐƃ ljŤƊŨ ĜŦƻĿŤŶ ŦŁƞƊŶŁ Ƌƕ Ƨĥ .ĭƢũƀƏ ŦŁŵŷƆ ò ƎƤƀŨĪ ĝűƟĿ .űƇſĪ (178) ĭĬĪñ ŦŁŴſĭĿĭ .Ƣƀū ƅŷū ñ ĜljŵŨ IJĬĭƻĥ ťƟĭƢƕĭ ò ò Ƣƀū űƃ .Ǝƍƀźƀƣ ťũŨűƇƖŨĪ ťŷſƢƣ ljŵŨĭ .ťƄƀƍƃ ƎƍŶ ƎƍƀǀƐƉ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ŦŁŴƙƄƌĪ ųƿ ƧŴŬƏĭ ĝƎƆ ŁƦƐƉñ ŦŁĭĿƼƉĪ ŧƢƀƙƣ ťƊƀƄƏŤŨ ťŨĥ űƃ ĝƎƍƀƇū űƉ IJĬŴƇƕ ŦƼƤſĿ ŦŁŴſĭĿĭ ŦŁŴƀǑƢƕ ĜųƤƙƍŨ Ƣƀƕĭ ĝIJƦƣĥ ƢŨűƉñ ƻŤƤſĿ ťƣŴƉ űƃĪ ķŴƌĬñ .ƎƍſƢƀƖƘ ƈƀƃűƕ ťƀƌƢƐŨ ƈſĥƢƐſĥ ŁŴƆ ƈƕ ĻĥĪ ĭĬñ .ƎƍŹõ ĭĬñ ĶŴƇƤŨŤŨ .ƁŬƏñ ljŤƄƆ ĭĭĬ ƎƀŶƞƉ ĜŦŁŴƍƤſĿ ò ŦŁŴƌűŷƃƦƉ ƨíƆ ĝťƀƏŴƊƌ ťŨǁ Ƨĭ .ƁƉĿĥ ťƍƀƕ ťŨĥĪ ŦŁŴƄƇƉ ƎƀƇƉĪ ķŴƌĬñ ƈũƟŴƆ ƎſƢƉĥ ƻŤƌŤƃ ĻĥĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ťƀƍŨò ƈƕ ƋŶƦƉ ŦŁŴƉĪ .ƑƙƟ .ĭűƇſĥĪ ťƤƙƌĪ ƎƉñ ŦŁŴƌŤƃĪ .ƁƍƌĭƢƉŤƌĭ ķĭűƤƌ ťƍƤŬƤƉ ƅſĥ Ƣũƃ ƎƀƤƌĥ ƁƆ Ƨĥ ò ƦũƐƌ ĶűƉ ťƘĭĽƢƘĪ ťŷƀƍƆ ƎſĪ ƎƃĿƦŨ .ƦƊƆƦƣĥ űƃ ƎſĪ ljĥ .ťƘŤŨ ò ŦŁŴũƆ ò ñ űƃ ĜťƍſĪñ ĭĬñ ťƀƏĿŴƄƆĭ ĜŧĪųƏ ljĥ űũƕñ ŦƼƆŴƃĭ ƢŷŨĪ ĭųíƆ ñ IJƦƇƊƆ ñ űƃ ĜťŶĭƢŨ ľŴƘĥ ƥſĿűƍƉ ljDŽƠƣ ƢƠƀƉ ljĥ ĶűƟ ŦŁŴƌŤƄƆ ųíƆ ò ò ŧƢũūĪ ťŷƀƌ ŁŴƆ ĶűƉ ķĥ ĝťũƀŷƉ ŦŵŶŁĥ ťƃƨƉĪ ťŷíƇƘ ŴŨǓĪ ŦƦƕƞƊŨ Ĝljĥ ĵŴƕĥ ƁƍƀŨƞŨĪ ĭųƌĥ õ .űſƦƕĪ ŧƢũƏ ƎƉĭ ƎſĪ űƘĥ .ŁƢŨĪŁĥ ŦƦƍƉ ŧĪųŨ .ŧĿƢƤŨ ò ò ñ ljĥ ƢũƐƉ ljĬ ťŨĿ ƎſĪ ljŴūĥ .ƁƆ ƎƀƊƀƟ ťƙƀƙƕ ŧĿĪ űƇƖŨ űƃ ĝljĥ űũƕĪ ò ƎƉ Ƣƀū ƎƀƤƌĥò ò ò ŦŁĭĿŴźƣ ŁŴƆ ĜƨƟ ƦƍũíƆ ƎƀƉƢƉ űƃ ťŨĥĪ ťũŨűƇƖŨ ƢƉŤƌ ƻƨŨŴƠƏ ƎƇſĪ ŧĿƼƟ ƎƉ ĜŦƦƍƀƟ ťƊƇƣ ƧĪ ƎƍƀƄƐƉ űƃ Ƨĥ .ķĭųƇſĪ ò ƎƀƇſĥ ĝŦƼƌƦƆŴƄƌ ò ŦŁŴƙƏ ò ò ŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ ò ƈƕ ƎLjƊƉĪ Ǝſĭųƌ ƧĪ .ķĭųƆ ò ñ .ťƖƣĭĿ ťƠſĪĮ ťƊƣ ŁŴſŴƤŨ ĜƎƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ Ƣũƃ ƎƀƤƌĥ ĜŦŁŴƉűŨ ƎſĪ ųŨ ťƊƀƄŶ ƧƦƉ ƋƕĪ ƎƀƇſƧ .ƎƀŶƞƉ ťŨƧ ťƄƣŴƘ ƎƉĭ (179) .ŴƖŹ ŦŁŴƀƇſĪĪ ŪƠƕƦƉ Ƣƀū űƃ ĖƨƃŴƏ ķŴƕĪŁĪ ĭĿŴŶĭ .ťŨĥĪ ŦŁĭĪƢƉ ťƀƍŨò ŴƖƊƣ ĜƑƀƙƌ õ

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.ljĥ ƑƀƙƉ ķǔƉĥƦƉĪ ƎƀƆųŨ ĿŴŷƌĭ .ŧƢƣñ ťƀſƢŶ ljŵƆ ĜťƊƣ ŁŴſŴƣĪ ƨƃŴƏ .ťƀſƢŶ ťƤŶ ƈƃ ƎƉ ƎƍƀƠŶƢƉ űƃ ò ò ò ò ťƊƀƄŶ űŶ .ƎƀƙƇƉ ťſƼíƆŁĭ ťƍſǓŁ Ŧųƭĭ Ƨĥ ťƙƍŶĭ ƎſĪŴƉ ŦƦƇƕ Ŧųƭ .ƎƀƠƐƘ ƨƀƇƉ ƨƀƇƉ ƎƉĭ .ųƆ Ǝſűũƕ ŧƢƠƕ Ƨĥ .ƎſƢƠƀƉ ťſǔũƕĪ ťƀƍŨò õ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƕ õ ĜƎƍƙƇſ ƎƀƆĬ ƈźƉ ƎƍŶ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ .ųŨ ƎƀƊƐŶ ťƤſűƟ ťŶĭƢŨĭ Ƨ ljƢŶĥ IJĿƦŨĭ .ŦĭĬõ Ƨ ƁƉűƟ .ťſƢŶĥĭ ťƀƕƞƉĭ ťƀƉűƟ ųƆ Ƨĥ .Ŧųƭ ƎƉñ .ƎƍŶ Ǝƀƕűſñ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŦŁŴſĪŴŷLJ Ƨĥ .ƎƍſĪŴƉ Ŧųƭ ħĭŁ űŶ .Ŧĭųƌ ĶűƉ ƨƀŶ ĿƦŨ ŧĪĬĭ .ťƀƍƀƍƉò ƎſƢƉĥ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ .ŦƼƌĮĥĿ ŦŁĭųƭ ŁŴLjƊƊŨ .ĺűſñ Ƨ ŧĪĬĪ ťƉŴƍƟò Ƨĥ .ĸŴƀƇũƏ Ļĥ ƢƉĥñ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ .ƎƀƙƇŷƉ ƎƀƊſűƟĪ ò ŧűŷƃĥ ťƍƉñ űƃ .ƁƉĿĥ ŦƼƙƍŶò ŦƦŷũƣƦŨ ĬŁŴſƼƆŁ ĜťƍƣĪ õ ƎſĪ ĸŴſĿĥ ò ò ò ñ ĜŧƢſǔƣ ťƍƙƆŴſĪ ŦĮĥĿ ƁƍŨ ƎſĪ ƎƍŶ .ŭūĬƦƉ ųíƇſĪ ƑƀƏĭĥ ƎƀƆĬ Ǝſųƿĭ ñ ñ .ƎƉñ ŦŁŴſƼƆŁ ŦƼƉűƟ Ƨĥ .ƎƍſĪŴƉ ƢƉĥŁĥ ĶűƟĪ ƎƀƆĬĪ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨ ò ĿƦŨ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶ .ťƀƏĭĥ ŧűŶ ŁŴƆ ŦŵƉĿĪĭ ĜťƣǔƙƉ ťƉŴƍƠŨĪĭ ƎƉñ ljĬ Ƨĥ .ťƃŴŹĭĥĭ ĸŴſƢƍƆŴƘĥĭ ƁƌŤƉ ĜƎſƢƉĥ ŦƦƆĭƦŨ ƎƉĪ ŧűƇſ ò ŁŴƆ ƎſĪ ljĬ .ŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ŭūĬŁĥ ò Ƨ ƨƃŴƏ ƎſĪ ťƀźƣ .ĺƢƣõ ťƀƇƊƤƉ ƎƍŶ .ŦĮĥĿ ƎƉ ƢũƆ ƈƖƉ ųƿ ťƙƇŶŴƣ Ƨĥ ĜĪŴŷƇŨ ŦƼƍǑ ŴƆ ĜťƃŴŹĭĥ ĜŪƃĿŁĥ ŦƼƇƊƤƉ ŦŁŴƤƌĥĭ ŦŁĭųƭ ƎƉĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ƈźƉ ƎƆ ƻĥ ťƍƄſĥ ƎſĪ ĭŵŶ .İĬĿñ ŧűŷƃĥ ŦƼƌĮĥĿ ŦŁŴſűŶĪ IJĬñ ŁŴƆ Ƨĥ .ŧƢƐŨ ƋƀƟŁĥ ĶűƟñ Ƨ űƃĪ ťƖſűſ ò ťƍƄſDŽƀƃĬ (180) .ťƊƀƠƆ ƋŶƦƉ ŦƼƕǓŁĪ ƎſĪ ƎƀƌĬñ ĝŦŴūĪ ƎƉñ ŦųƊƣ ò ťƍƃĬ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĪ ŦŁĭƢŶŴƘ ķĭųſƻĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ķĭųƿĭ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌ ĜŦƼƇſĪĭ ò Ƨĥ .ƢƐũƉĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ŴƆ Ƨĥ .ƎſƢƉĥ ŦŁŴƇūĪ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ĻĥĪ ƎƀƇſĥ .ťƍƀƃĪ ťſĿŴƐƃĥ ƎƉ ťƣĿ űƃ ƈƀƃĬ ƎſĪ ĸŴſĿŴźƐƌ .ťŷƀƤƊŨ ƎƀƿƦƐƉ ķĭĬŁŴƆĪ ƻŤƀƤźƉ ťƃĿĬ ĖĸŴſĿŴźƐƌĖ .ĸŴźſĿĭĪĥŁ ŁŴƆ ħǁñ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ ťŨƧ ò ŦƼƇſĪò ŦƦƆŁĪ ťƉƢŶĪ ƨŨŴƠƆĪ ŦƦƇƊŨ ƎſĪ ťźſĿĭĪĥŁ ĖƈũƇũƉ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ŦƼƇſĪĪ ò ƎƀƇſDŽƕ ħǂƉ ƧŴƕ ťƍƀƃĪ õ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƄſĥ ĖťźſĿĭĪĥŁĖ .ƢƉĥõ ò ò ĖŦƦƉŴſĪ ŦŁƢŷŨ ŪƐƌŁĥĪ ťƤƌĥ ƢŨĪĭ ĝťƊíƇƕ ĶűƟ ƎƉĪ ŦųƭĪ ĝƎƀŬƇƙƉ ò ò ñ ķƢƊƆ ĜƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥ ťƍƀƃ ƎƉ űŷƿĪ ŦƼƇſĪ űƃ ƎſűƉ ĖťƀƍƉŁĪ ĭųŨĭĖ ò Ƣƀū ťƣŴƤŶ Ƨ .ťƣŴƤŶĪ ķŴƌĥ ťƀƍƀƇſĪ ťƤŶò ĖŧƢƐƕűŨĭĖ ĖƎƍſűŬƏ ťŷƀƤƉ

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ñ ųſƻĥ űƃĪ ťƖſűſ .ŧűũƕĪ õ ŦŁŴƉĪ ƈƀƃĬ ƦƤŶ .ťƉĿ IJĬĭƻĥ Ƣſƻ ĜťƤŶò ƎƉ ñ Ŧųƭ ƎƉĪ ƎƍƉĪ ĭĬñ ťƤƌƢŨ Ƨĥ .ƥŶĪ ĭĬñ Ŧųƭ ŴƆ ƎſűƉ .ŦųƭĪ ŦŁŴƉĪ ųƊƕ ñ űŷƿĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ŧƢƀźƌ űƃ ĖķĭƧĖ .ƢƉĥñ ŦŁŴſƢſƢƖŨ ųíƿ Ƌƕ ƎſĪ ķĭƧ ĖŪƐƌŁĥ ò ò ƎƉ Ƣƀū ŧƢƖƏ ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖĬƼƇſĪ ƻĥƢſƞŨ Ƨ ťƍƀƃ űŷƿ Ƣƀū Ƣźƌ .ťƍƀƃ ñ ŁĭĬĪ IJĬĪñ ŦƼƇſĪ ĜŦŁƢŶĥ IJĬĪñ ŦŁŴƘŁŴƣ Ƌƕ ŦŁŴƉĪ ƈƃ ŦƦƇƉ űƃ .ųíƆ ñ ñ ųſƻĥĪ IJĬñ ĜŧĪĬ ƨƊƤƉ ƎſĪ ťƊƣŴū .ŦƦƇƉĪ ųſƻĥĪ IJĬñ ĜŧĪĬ ƢƖƏñ ƎƉñ Ėƈƙƌ ŧƢƕƞŨ ƎſĪ ljĬ .ŦŁǔƉĪƦŨ ŭƆŵƉ ķĭųƍƉ Ƣƀū ƎƉñ ljĬĭ .ťƊƣŴūĪ (181) ĸĭĪĬŴƍƏ ƎƉĖ .ŧƢƉĥ ljĭűƀƠƿĪ ťƤſǓ ŁŤƀŬƏ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƤƀŨ ò ƎſǓƦŨĪ ĜťŷƀƤƉ ĺŴƤſ ťſƢƉ űŶ ĖljĭűƀƠƿĪ ĴĭűŨ Ƨĭ .ĺűſƦƉ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ò ťƙƇŶŴƣ űŶ ƈƃĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ĜƻĥƢſƻ ƎſĪ ŧƢƀźƌ .ŦŁŴſűŶ ƈźƉ ĶűƉ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ƎƉ Ėťƍƀƃ ò Ƨ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƈƀƃĬ ťƍƉ ò ƎſǓŁ ŧĿĥ .ŦŁűƕĪ ťŨĥ ƢƉĥõ ŦƼƐŶ ƅſĥ ƋƀƟ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ñ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ƎƀƆĬĪ ƎƉñ ƅſĥ ĝĭƢƉĥŁĥ ŴƉűƟĪ ķŴƌĬñ ĝťŷƀƤƊŨ ƈƃƦƐƉ ò ò ŦŁųŨƧ ƎƊƇƣĪ ƎƀƆĬ űƃ Ƨĥ .ƢƊŬƆ Ƨĭ ĜŦƼƇſĪ ħųſñ ķĭųƍƉ űŶ ƈƄƆĭ IJŵŶŁĥĪ ĜƎſƢƉDŽƀƃĬ ķŴƌĬñ .ƎƇſĪ ŧƢũƏĪ ƎƀƆĬĭ ħųſ õ ñ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ŦƦƇƊƆ ĜƢƉĥñ ĜƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ĸŴƇſĿŴƟ Ƌƕ ƎſĪ ťŨĥ .ƋƟ ƥŶ .IJĬĽ Ǝƙƃ .ŦƦƇƉĪ ƨƄſĬ Ƌƕĭ .ơƕŵƉ ŦƦƇƉ ŦŁƦƌĥ ƎƉ űƇſŁĥĪ ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ĜťƀƖƣĥ Ƌƕ ƎſĪ ķŴƇƉ ŁƦƐƉ IJĬĽĭ Ǝƙƃ ljĬĪĭ .ťƖƟñ ŦƦŨĿ ƨƟ ŁƢũŨ ƥƤūŁĥĭ IJŵŶŁĥĪ ĜƎƍŶŴſ ƎƄƣĪ ñ ĜƎƀƉŴſò ŦƦƆŁĪ ŦŁŴƉ ƢũƀƏ űƃĭ .ƗũƟŁĥ õ ťũƀƆƞŨ ljĬĪĭ .ƻŤƀƇū ò ò ťƤƍƀƍũíƆ .ĮƢƃĥ ťƀŶ ƥŷƌĪ IJĬñ ĝƥƤūƦƌĭ ŦŵŶƦƌĪ IJĬñ ĝljĥ ƑƀƙƉ ŦƦƇƊƆ ƎƀƆĬ ťƄſĥ ƎƉ Ƨĥ Ƨ .ŦŁŴƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ĜŦƦƇƉĪ Ƣƀū ŦƼƇſĪ ĜƢƐŨŁĥĪ ĵŴźƉ ŴƆ .ƻŤƤƌĥ ŦĬƞƌĭ ƎƙƄƌĪ õ IJĬñ ĜťƤƙƍƉ ƎſĪ ŧƢŬƘĪ .ťƤŶ ƈƃ ƎƉ ĶĿĪ IJĬñ .ŦŁŴƍƤƤūƦƉ ųƤƙƍƆ Ƣźƌ űƃ ťƍƃĬ ĜŧƢƐũƆ ĿƢƤƉ űƃ ŦƦƇƉ IJŴƟĪ ƈƀƃĬ ljŵƃĥ .ƥŷƌĭ ƈƀƃĬ ųƆ űƃ ųƆ .ƈũƟñ ƎƇſĪ ŧƢƐŨĪ ƎƀƆĬĭ ĜŦŁĭųƭĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŦƼƇſĪò ƎƉ Ƣƀū ŦŵŶƦƉ űƃ .ťƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨĭ ťƍſŵŶƦƉ ĜƎƍŶ ƎſƢƉĥ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƊƆ űƀŶĥ ƎƉ űƇſŁĥĪ ųƆ űƃ ųƆ .ťŨĥ Ƌƕ ŦĭĬ IJĬĭƻĥ ƻŤƍſŵŶƦƉ Ƨ ĜťƤƍƀƍŨò ò (182) ťƊíƇƕ ķĭųƿ ĶűƟ ƎƉ ƎƉñ ŧĪĬ Ŧųƭ .ŦƦƆĭƦŨ ťƉĥ ƎƉĭ ĜťŨDŽƃ

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Ƨ ųƆ űƃ ųƆ .ƻŤƍƊƣŴū ťſǔŶĥ ťƍŨĮò ŴŬŨ ƎſĪ ŧĪĬ .ƻŤƍƊƣŴū Ƨ ŦŵŶñ .ťƣŴƤŶ ťƀƤƌĥ õ ƎſĪ ŧƢƐũŨ .ťŨĥĪ ťƀƏĭŤŨ ƎƉñ ťƣŴƤŶ Ƨ .ťƣŴƤŶĭ ťƣŴƤŶ ťƊƣŴūĭ ŧűŷƃĥ Ŧųƭĭ ĝŦŁŴƍƙƇŶƦƤƉ Ƨ ųƆ ŁƢźƌ ŦƦƇƉ ťƍƄſĥ Ʀƌĥ ò ƎƍſƢƉĥ Ƨ ĜŦŴŷƉ ƻĥųƭ ŁŴſŤƘ ťƊƣŴūĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ĻĥĪ ĭĬĪñ ĝljųƆ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ųƆ Ƨĥ .ťſŵŶƦƉ ųƇſĪ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉĭ ŦƼƇſĪò ƎƉ űŷƿ ƎƀƆĬĭ ĝƎƀƊƀƠƉ .IJŴŶ ŧƢƐŨĪ ƎƀƆĬĭ ĝŧƢƐŨ ŦĭĬĪõ ƎƍŶ ƎƀŷũƤƉ ŦƦƇƊƆ ŦƦƇƉ .ƨƖƉ ųƆĭ ųƍƉ ťƍƀƃĭ ŦŁŴƀƇſĪĭ ĝŦƦƇƉ ƨƄƐƉĪ ƢũƐƌ ƥƌĥ Ƨĭ ĝŦŁŴƀŶĪ ťƀƇƊƤƉ ťƍƀƃ ƎſĪ űŶ .ŧƢſƻ ĭĥ ťƙƠƉ ĶűƉ ƎſǓŁ ĜťũƃǔƉĪ Ƣƀū ŧűŷƃĥĪ Ƨĥ .ťŬƇƙƉĪ ŴƆ ĶƢŨ .ŦŵŶŁŁĪ ťŨųſ ķĭųƍƉ űŷƿĪ ŦƼƇſĪ õ IJĬ ŦƼƇſĪ ƎƉñ ơƐƘƦƌĪ IJĬñ .ŀĿűƌĪ ƻĥ ťƤƌƢŨĪ ťƍƀƃ ŁŴƆĪ ljŵƃĥ .ťƕűſƦƉ ñ ƎƉ ťƍƀƄŨ ŴƆ Ƨĥ .ųſƻĥ ťƤƙƍƉ ŧƢŬƘĪ ŦŁŴŷƊŨ ƥūƢƌĪ IJĬñ Ƨĥ .ŧƢŬƘĪ ñ ťƠƐƘ ĶűƉ ťƍƀƃ ĭĬõ űƃ ĭĬĭ õ űŷŨ Ƨĥ .IJŴŶ ŦŁŴƍƤūƢƉ ƎſĪ ljƢŶŤŨ ĝƈũƟ ñ ĜŧƢŬƘĪ ťƠƐƘĪ IJĬĭ ñ .ťſŵŶƦƉ ťũƃƢƉ űƀŨĭ ŧűŶñ .ťƤƙƌĪ ŦŁŴƍƤūƢƊŨĪ IJĬĭ ťƍƃĬ .ŁƢũƏ õ ŦƦƠƖƆ ŦƦƖƉĪĭ .ơƀƕŁƦƉĭ .ťƤƙƌĪ ŦŁŴŷſƞƘ ĺĪŴƉ ťƄŶŴū ťƉĥ ƎƉ Ƨĥ ƎƉñ űƇſƦƉĪ .Ŧŵŷƌ ŦƦƇƊƆ ĜťŷƀƤƉĪ ťũƃƢƉ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ŁŴƆĭ ŦƼƍƐƃĥ IJĬñ ƎſĪ ljƢŶŤŨ ĜűƇſƦƌĪ IJĬñ IJųƀźƉ ťƍƀƃ űŷŨ ŴƆ .ŦƦƆĭƦŨ ñ ƎſĪ ŧƢŬƘ ĝŦƦƇƉĪ ųſƻĥĪ IJĬñ ƢƖƏ ƢƉĥñ ƎƉñ ŦƦƇƉĪ .ķĭƧ ťƍƣĪ õ ƅſĥ ƢƖƏ õ ñ űũƕ IJĬñ ƨƊƤƉ õ ŦŁĿŴƉĪƦŨĭ űƇſƦƉĪ ĭĬñ ťƍƀƃ űŶ Ƨĥ ĖŧƢŬƘĪ ųſƻĥĪ ƨūǔƆ ĜťƊſ Ƨĥ .ƅƆĬ .ťƍƀŨƞŨ Ƨĥ .ƞƆĥƦƉ űƃ ŴƆ .IJĬĽ .Ǝƙƃ õ .ŦŁĭűƀƇſ IJƦƉĥ Ƨĥ ĝIJŴƟ ŦŁŴƉĪ ťƠƍƌƧ ŴƆ űƃ .ƼƉ ŦŁƢŷƆĭ (183) .ŦĭĬ ƅƆĬƦƉ ƁƤƙƌ ƋƀƏĥĪ ƁƆ ƻĥ Ƣƀū ƋƆ ťƍźƆŴƣ .ŦŁŴƊƆ ŧƢƣõ ĭĬõ ĜŁĭĬ ŦƼƆĭĪñ õ ò ŧĿƢƣ ƚƭĭ .ųƀũƏĥ ñ .ŦƦƊƀƟ űƀŨ ƨƉĪ ħĭŁĭ ò ĝƎƀƕűſƦƉ ķĭųƆĭ ķĭųƍƉ űƃ ĭĥ ĝĶűƉ ťƍƀƃ ƎƀƠƀƐƘ Ƨ ƎƄſĥ Ʀƌĥ ŦŵŶñ ò ŦŁŴƤƌĥĭ ŦŁĭųƭ ťſŵŶƦƉ ŧűŷƃĥ Ƨĥ ĝŦŁŴƌűũƖƉĭ ķĭųƇſĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ƎƀƇũƠƉ .ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƉ ĿƦŨ ƢƐƕŁĥ ĪŴŷƇŨ ťƀƤƌĥ ťƍƉ ƁƆ ķĭŴŷƌ :ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ŦƦƇƉĪ ĭĬñ ĿŵƖLJ ŧűŷƉ Ƣƀū ŦĭĬ ŧƢƟñ .ŁĭĬ Ƣƀū ƻĥųƭ .ƢƉĥñ ŦƦƖƉĪ IJĬñ Ƨĭ .ŦĭĬ ħĬĿƦƐƉ ťŹĬĿ ŁŴƆĭ ĜŦĭĬ ťƀŶñ ŦƼƉ ťƐƉ űƃĭ .IJĬŴƇƕ ƋŶĿĪ ò ò ƎƇſĪ ŦƦũƤŷƊƆĪĭ Ŧƻųƭ ƎƀƆĬĭ Ƨĥ .ťƤŶ ŁŴƆĪ ljŴūĥĭ ƎſƢƉĥ ŦƦƕĭĪ

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ò űŨűƌ ò ò ťƤŶ ò űƀŨĪ .ķƢũƕ ñ .ťƀƤƌĥ ƈƕĭ ŧĿĥ ƎſĪ ťƍƉ .ŦŁŴƣŴƤŶ Ƨ ťƤƌĥ ƁƍũíƆ .ŧƢŬƙƆ űƀŶĥ űƃ ŦŴƠƌ .ťƀƤƌĥ ĸĭƢƘ ƈƃ ƎƉ ljųƆ ĝķĭƢƉŤƌ ŦŁŴƉ ƥŶĭ ĜƢźƌ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ĻĥĪ ĭĬñ .IJĬĭƻDŽƀƃĬ Ŧųƭ .ƎƍŶ ƎƀƐƀƙŹƦƉ ò ŦƞŶ űƃĭ .ƎƖźƌ õ ķŁŴƇƀŷƉĪ ŦĭĬõ ťƍƇƊƤƉ ťƤƌƢŨ Ļĥ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ ƈźƉ .ŦƼƤƌĥ ò ñ ƎƤƙƌ ƈũƟŴƆ ťƠſƦƕ IJŴŶĪ IJĬñ ĝŦŁŴŷƊƆ ĬƢƠſ Ĝħųſñ ŧűŬƍƆ ƎƀƙƇŶ .ƋƏ ò Ƣſƻĭ ĜŦŴŷƌ ƨƊŨ ƎſųŨĪ ƎſĪ ŧƢƀƙƣ .ƁƆ ƻĥ ƦƙƇſñ ťŨĥ ƎƉ űƃ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉĖ .ťƍƃĬ ŦƼƉűƟ ŦŁƢūŤŨ Ƣƀū ƢƉĥñ .ŦƦƇƉĪ ŧĿĿŴƣ űũƖƌ ŦŁƦƐƉ ŦŁŴƀŶ .IJĬĭƻĥĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ķŁŴƃĥĪ ťƤƌƢŨ ĻĥĪ ƈźƉ ĖŧĿĭŤƏ ťƃƢſƢźƘĪ ťƍƀƃ űŶ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉĪ ƈźƉĭ .ŦƦƕűſĪĭ ljĭĬĪ ŦƼƍƇũƠƉ ĜŦŁŁŴƀƉ ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ñ ñ ĜIJĬĭƻĥ ťƉŴƍƟĭ ŦųƉƦƤƉ ųíƿĭ ĜŦŁŁŴƀƉ (184) ŧƢƉĥƦƉ ŦŁŴƀŶ ųíƿ ŴƆ Ƨĥ .ŦŁŴƀƉ ƎſĪ ťƍƊŨ ĝƨƀƇƉ ƎƉñ ťƍƊŨ Ǝƍƀƕűſ ƧĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ Ƨĭ .ŦƦƇƀƇƉ ŁŴƆĭ ťƍƃĬ .ŦŁŴƀŶ ŧűŶ ťũƃƢƉ ųƍƉĪ ĝťŬƇƙƉ ťũƃĭƢƆ ŧĪĬ ĺűƌĪ IJĬñ ƻƧŴƕ ƥƌĥ ŭƇƙƌ ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ƈƀƃĬ ķĥ ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖƈſĥŴƍƊƕĪ ťſĿĭĥŁ ò ťƙƇŶŴƣ Ƌƕ ĜŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ťƍƀƃĪ ò ŦŁŴƍſĿƦŨ İĬĿñ ŧűŷƃĥ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ĜťƍƀƃĪ ò ò ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖťƍƀƄƆ ƻŤƊŷƆ ŦƼƇſĪò ƎŬƇƘƦƉ ƻŤƍƆŴƃĭ .ťŬƆŴƘ Ļĥ ò ŦŁŴƍſĿƦƆ ŭƇƙƌĪ ƎſĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ťŷƀƤƉ űŷƆ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨĪ IJĬñ ĝťƍƀƃĪ ò ò ƎŬƇƘƦƉ ŧűŷƃĥ ĜƢƀū ŭƇƘƦƉ űƃ .ƎƍƀƟƢƕ ƎƉ űŶ ƈƃĪ ŦƼƇſĪĭ ò ò .ŦƦƇƉĪ Ǝſĭųƌ ŦŁĭųƭĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ĜŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ŦƼƇſĪĭ ò ĖħĭŁĭĖ Ėťƍƀƃ ŦƼƇſĪĭ ò ŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ĜŦƦƇƉĪ ħĭŁ ƎƉñ ŦƼƇſĪò ƈƀƃĬ IJĭĬò ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖƎŨǁƦƌ ò .ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĜŦƦƇƉĪ ĖŦƦƇƉĪ ųƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ħĭŁ ƎſĪ ŦƼƇſĪĭ ò ƎſǓŁ ŦŁŴſűŶ ñ ƎſűŬƌ ķĭĭųƌ ƻŤƙƠƌĭ ĝƎƀƍƀƃ ĿƦŨ ƢƉŤƌĪ IJĬñ Ƨĥ ĖħĭŁĭĖ ò ò ķĭĬŁŴƌűũƖƊƆ ķĭųƆĭ ķĭųƍƉĪ ŴƆ ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖƎƍƀƉƢŷƉ ķĭĬƼƇſĪĭ ò ƎƀƊƀƟƦƉ ťƀƍƇſĪĭ ťƊſŴƠŨĭ ŦŁŴƍſĿƦŨ ųƆ ƎƀƠƐƘĪ ķŴƌĬĪñ Ƣƀū ŧĪĬ .ťƍƀƃ ñ ƎſǓŁ ƎƉ űŶĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ƎƀƇſĪ ŴƆĭ ĜķĭƢƉŤƌĪ ųſƻĥ ŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ò Ǝƀƍƀƃ ƎſǓƦŨĭ ĝƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ųƆ ŭƇƙƉĪ ĭĬñ ƎſűƉ ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖųƆ ƎƍſĪŴƉ ò ò Ƌƕ ŭƇƙƉ ĜŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ųƆ ƋŶƦƉ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉĭ ťƍƀƃ ò ƎſǓŁĪĭ .ŦƼƇſĪĭ ò ĖķĭųƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƀƤŶ ƻĥƢſƞŨ ƧĪĭ ĶŤƏ ƎſűũƖƉĪ Ǝƀƍƀƃ

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ò ŁŴƍſĿƦƆ ƈſĥŴƍƊƖƆ ŭƇƙƉĪñ ƈƀƃĬ ĭĬñ ĖħĭŁĭĖ Ƨ ŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ ťƍƀƃ ò ťƉ ƅſĥ ųƊƕ ŭƇƙƉñ ĜŦƼƍLjƉƦƉ ò ĜƎƍŶ ķƢƉĥ ķŤƀŬƏ (185) ƎƀƍŨĮĪ ò ò ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉĭ IJĬ ŧűŶ ĝűũƖƉĪ ĭĬñ ĭĬ űŶĪ Ƣƀū ƈźƉ ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖŦƼƇſĪĭ ñ ƎſĪ ƎƀŬƇƙƉ űƃ ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖljűũƖƉ ĭĬñ ťƕĭĮĭ ĬŁŴƌűũƖƉ Ļĥ ƎſƢƉĥĪ IJųŨ ò ƎſǓŁ ƻŤƍƀƃ ŦƼƇſĪò ƅſĥĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ƎƀƆĬĭ ŧűŷƃĥ ƎƀŬƇƙƉ ĜŦŁŴſűŶ ĿƦŨ Ǝƀƍƀƃ ò ƎƀƆĬ ĜŧƢƐŨ ŀŤŶĪ ƢƉŤƌĪ ƎƀƇſĥ ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖűŬƌ ťƍƀƃ ƈƃ ŦƦƇƉĪ ťƤŶ ƎſƢƉĥĪ Ƣƀū ĭĬĪñ .IJĬ ťƤŶ ƧĪĪ IJĬñ .ŧƢƐŶ Ƨ ĬŁĭųƭ űƃ .ķĭųſƻĥ ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ò ĜƎƍŶ ƎƀũƐƌ ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ ljĬĪ ųƇſĪ ĜŧƢƐŨ ĭĬõ ųƇſĪĪ ƎƍŶ ťƀƍƇſĪò ťƤŶĭ ò ŦŁŴƍſĿƦƆ ŭƇƙƌĪ IJųíƆ ñ ĝħŴƤŷƌ ƧŴƕĭ ĿƦŨĪ ťƍƀƃĪ õ ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖŧƢƐŨĪ ò ò ŦŁŴƍſĿŁ Ƌƕ Ƣƀū ĶűƊƿ .ŦƼƇſĪĭ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƊŨ ƻŤƙƠƌĭ ĝŦŁŴſűŶ ķĥĭ .ĴƢƣñ ťŬƇƙƉ ĶűƊǀŨĪĭ ĝŦƦŬƇƙƉ ŦŁŴƀƌƢŶƧĭ ĜơƐƘƦƉ ò ñ ĖŦƼƇſĪò ķĥĭ ƢƉĥŁ ŦŁŴƌűũƖƉ ĖųƇſĪĖ .ƎſŁǓŁĪ ŦŁƢūĥ ƎƉĭ ƎſĪ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨ ŦƼƇſĪò ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉ ƈźƉ ĜŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ťƍƀƄŨĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĜŦŁŴſűŶĪ ƎſĪ ŦƦƇƉ ñ .ķǔƉĥƦƌĪ ťŨųſ ŦƦƇƉĪ ĜŦƦƇƉĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ťƀƏĭŤŨĪ ƎƀƆĬ ŦŁŴƉűŨ ųŨ ò ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ŦƼƇſĪ ťƍƀƄŨ ƎƘĥ Ƨĥ ĖħĭŁĭĖ ĖƎſǔƟƦƌĪ Łűũƕ ŧƢƐŨĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ò ĭĬĭ õ .ŦŁŴƌƢŨűƉ ƈźƉ ŦŁŴƤƌĥĪ ŦƼƇſĪò IJĭĬõ Ŧųƭ ŦƦƇƉĪ Ļĥ ĜƎſųſƻĥ ĖťŶĿĭĥ ƎƉ IJƧĪĭ IJĬĽĪĭ .ƢƉĥƦƉ õ ƎƙƃĪĭ õ ò ò ĝŦŁŴƍƙƇƉ ŧĿĥ ŧűſĥñ ĭĥ ĝŦųƭ ƎƉ ƎƇŶĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ ƢſƻĪ ƨƟ ƦƍŨò ƎƀƇſĥ ò ŧƢƉĥ ƎƉñ ŦƦƇƉĪ ĝťŹĬĿñ ŦŁųŨĥ ò Ƌƕ űƃ ƻĥƢſƻĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ĸĭƢƙƿ ƎƉ IJĭĬĪ ƎƉ ƎſƢƙƃ ĝŧƢũƏĪ ŦƼƇſĪò ųƆ ƼƆĪ ƎſĪŴƉ ƎƀƉűƟĪ ƎſĪ ƎƀƇſĥ .ŧƢŬƘĪ .ŧĿƢƤŨ (186) ƢƐŨŁĥĪ ƎƍŶ ƎƀƙƇƉ ťƄſĥ ƎƉ .ŦŁŴƌƢƐŨƦƊŨ Ļĥ ĸĭƢƘ ƈƃ õ ƻĥ ŦĬƞƌĭ ƎƙƄƌĪ ťƊƆĪ ĜIJŴŶ ƻŤƍƀŨĽ ŧƢƐŨĪ ƎƀƆĬ ƎſųƿĪ IJĬñ ƎƉ ŴƆ õ ĝƎƇſĪ ťƍƀƃĪ ƎƀƆĬ Ǝſųſƻĥ űƃ ŴƆ ĜŦŁŴƍƤƌƢŨƦƉ ĶűƟ ƎƉ ŦƦƇƊƆ ŦĭĬ ò ŦƼƇſĪò ƈƀƄƉ Ƨ ƎſűƉ ĜŧƢŬƘĪ ŦƼƤſĿ ŦŁŴſűŶ űƀŨ ŦųƭĪ IJĭĬò õ Ļĥ ťƍƀƃĪ ĭĬñ ĝŦųƭĪ ĬƢŨ ťſűƀŷſĪ Ƨĥ .ķűũƕŁƦƉò ƎƀƊƀƠƉĪ ťƉ ƅſĥ ĝķĭųƇſĪ ŦƦƇƊŨ .ƻŤƣŴƤŶ Ƨ ŪƃĿŁĥ ŧƢŬƘ ŁŴƆĪ ò ƎƀƆĬ ťƏŴƊƍƆ ò ò űƃ ĝŦųƭĪ ťŶĭƢƆ ŵūƢƌ Ƨ ĜŦƦƤƙƍŨ ƎƍƀŨǁ ťſųŨĥ űƃ űƃĪ ĝƎƍŶ ƥŷƌ ŦĭĪñ ƈƃ ƎƉ ƢſƻĪ ťƤŶ .ŧĿƢƣ ƈũƟŴƆ ƎƍŶ ƎƀƇū űƉ

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űƃ ĝƎƍſŴŶ ƥƍƿ ƎƀƖƆ ťŨƢƟ ljĬ ųƿĭ ĝƎƍƀƖŹ Ŧųƭ ƦƇŶĪ ƚƇŶĪ ƎƍſƢƉĥ ò ƁƠƀƤƘĪ ťƍƄſĥ ĝƎƍƀƆĮĥ ťſƢŨǔŨ ŁŴƆ ĝƎƍŷŨĪ ƎƍƉűƟ ƎƇſĪ ƨƀŶ ƥſƢƆ õ .ƎƍƀƇƉƢƉ ŦŁŴƍƤſĿ Ƨ ƈźƉ ťƐƄŹ ƎƉ űƃ ĝŦŵŶƦƌ ƈƀƄƉ ĭűŶŁƦƊƆ ƎƀƆĬ ƎƉ .ƎſŴŷƉ ƎƇſĪ ťƤſĿ ƈƖƆĪ ŦŁŴƏǓŴƃ ĿƦŨ ƻŤƌŤƃ Ƣƀū ljųƆ IJĭĬò ķųſǔƃ ƻŤƀƤƟ űƃĭ .ĪƢŹ ljĭűƠƿĪ ŦŁŴŹŴƏƧ ťŷƌűƊŨ ťƃƢſƢźƘ ťƀƉűƟĪ ò ĜƎƇſĪ ƎƀƆĬ ĸĭĿĭűſĪ ƎſĪ ƎƃĿƦŨ ĜƧŴƘ ƎƉñ ťƀƉűƟ ťƀŷƌűƉò Ƣƀū ťƀƣŴƍƃ ķŴƀźƌĭŵũŨ ĜťƃĿĬ ƎƉ .ƑſĿŴźƐƌĭ .ĸĿĭĪĥŁĭ ĜƎƀƆĬ Ƌƕ ĜťƍƇũŷƉ IJĬĭƻĥ ĜƎſĪ ƎƍƉ .ķĭųſƻĥ ƎſƢŶĥ ĴĭĪ ƎƉ ŴƆ ĝŦĥĿűƌĥĭ ťźſĿĭĪĥŁĭ ƎſĪ ťũſĬ .ĬƢƃŁĥ ò ò õ ťŷŨŴƣ ñ ťƤƀŨ .ƦŨƞƌ ƎƀƉĪĪ ĜĸƢƘ ŦƦƤƀŨ ŦƦƤũƣĭ ĜŴŶŴƣ ƎƍŶŴſĭ ŧĿŴƟĭ ñ ƎſűƉ ťƙƀƏ Ƨ Ƨĥ .ƎƍŶ ƢƠƀƌĪ ljŤƃ ĝƅƘĬ ŧĿŁĥ ųƿĪ ljĬĿŴƃ ųƿĪ ĭųíƆ Ƣƀū ťƏŴƊƌ ĜŧĿƢƣ Ƌƕ ťŨƧ ƈƀƃĬ ƢƠƀƌ .ƎƤƙƌ ƈũƟŴƆ ƅƘųƌ ƎƇſĪ ò ơƍƤƉ ò ťƀƍũíƆ ñ Ƣƀū ƋƆ ĭĬñ .ťƍƀŶƞƉ ĜťƉƧ (187) ĭĥ ťŨƧ ƻŤƤƀŨ ƢƉĥĪ ò ƎſĪ ťƀƍũíƆ ò Ƣƀū ƋƆ ŧƢŨ .ƈũƠƉ ŦŁűƕĪ ťƊƀƄŶ ĜťƙƄƌ .ŁŴƊƌ ŦŁŴƉ .IJĬŴŨƧ ŧűŷƉ ťƊƀƄŶ ĖĸŴƠƀźƉƢū ƑƀūƢƏĪ ĜťŶĭƢŨ ơƙƉ ƋƇƣĖ õ ŧƢŨűƊŨĪ ťƀſǓŴƏĪ ŧƢſűƆ ųƍƄƣĪ ĝťƖźƟò ƢŨ ƈſŤƄƀƉĪ ljĬ ťŨǁ IJĬĭƻĥ ò ųƤƙƌ Ÿƀƍƌ ŦųƭĪ ĖƎſĿƞƉĪ ťźƀƠƏĥĪ ò ò ųƊƣ ħĭǂƌĭ .ťƠſĪĮĪĭ ljŤƃĪò ljĭŤŨ ò ŧƢƙƐŨ ñ Ŧųƭ ŁűƇſĪ ĬŁŴƆĽ űƀŨ .ťũŹ ljƢƃĭĪ űũƖƌ IJĬ...ÿƍƆĭ .ťƀŶĪ ò ķĭųƿĪĭ .ƎƀƉĥ .ťƤſűƟ

183

184

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS CITED PRIMARY SOURCES Orationes ad Nephalium, ed. and tr. by Joseph Lebon, CSCO 119, 120 (Syr 64, 65), Louvain 1949. Le Philalèthe, ed. et trad. par Robert Hespel, CSCO 133, 134 (Syr 68, 69), Louvain 1952. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Arabic Manuscripts of the Philalethes of Severus of Antioch’, Proche-Orient Chretien, 2001, 51, issue 3, p 261-266. Eiusdem ac Sergii Grammatici: Epistulae Mutuae, ed. and tr. by Joseph Lebon, CSCO 119, 120 (Syr 64, 65), Louvain 1949. A Collection of Letters from Numerous Syriac Manuscripts, ed. and tr. by Ernest W. Brooks, PO 12, 14 (Paris 1919-20), 163-342; 1-310. The Sixth Book of the Select Letters of Severus, Patriarch of Antioch, in the Syriac Version of Athanasius of Nisibis, ed. and tr. by Ernest W. Brooks, 4 vols, London 1902-4). Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Letter of Severus of Antioch to Anastasia the Deaconess’, Bulletin de la Société d'Archéologie 40, 2001, 126-136. Severos’ letter to John the soldier, ed. with introd. and transl. by Sebastian Brock, GöF Syriaca 17 (Wiesbaden 1978) 53-75. Les HOMILIAE CATHEDRALES de Sévère d’Antioche (in the Syriac translation of Jacob of Edessa) ed. and tr. in PO (Turnhout, Belgium, and Paris, 1922-77). Homilies 1-17, ed. and tr. by M.Brière and Francois Graffin, PO 38.2 (Turnhout, Belgium, 1976-7) 254-455. Homilies 18-25, ed. and tr. by M.Brière and Francois Graffin, PO 37.1 (Turnhout, Belgium, 1975) 6-167. Homilies 26-31, ed. and tr. by M.Brière, Francois Gaffin and Christopher J.A.Lash, PO 36.4 (Turnhout, Belgium, 1971-4) 540-665. Homilies 32-9, ed. and tr. by M.Brière, Francois Graffin and Christopher J.A.Lash, PO 36.3 (Turnhout, Belgium, 1972) 396-528. Homilies 40-5, ed. and tr. by M.Brière and Francois Graffin, PO 36.1 (Turnhout, Belgium, 1971), 8-137. 185

186

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Homilies 46-51, ed. and tr. by M.Brière and Francois Graffin, PO 35 (Turnhout, Belgium, 1969), 288-379. Homilies 52-7, ed. and tr. by R.Duval, PO 4 (Paris, n.d.), 1-94. Homilies 58-69, ed. and tr. by M.Brière, PO 8 (Paris, n.d.), 209-396. Homilies 70-76, ed. and tr. by M.Brière, PO 12 (Paris, n.d.), 1-163. Homily 77, Greek and Syriac texts ed. and tr. by M.-A.Kugener and E.Triffaux, PO 16 (Paris, 1922), 761-863. Homilies 78-83, ed. and tr. by M.Brière, PO 20 (Paris, 1928), 273-434. Homilies 84-90, ed. and tr. by M.Brière, PO 23 (Paris, 1932), 1-176. Homilies 91-98, ed. and tr. by M.Brière, PO 25 (Paris, 1935), 1-174. Homilies 99-103, ed. and tr. by I.Guidi, PO 22 (Paris, 1929), 207-312. Homilies 104-112, ed. and tr. by M.Brière, PO 25 (Paris, 1943), 625-815. Homilies 113-9, ed. and tr. by M.Brière, PO 26 (Paris, 1947), 265-450. Homilies 120-5, ed. and tr. by M.Brière, PO 29 (Paris, 1960), 74-262. La Première Homélie cathedrale de Sévère d’Antioche, tr. by E.Porcher, Revue de l’orient chrétien 19 (1914), 69-78, 135-42. Homily 90 (First Catechetical Homily on the Holy Trinity), tr. by Iain R. Torrance, Orthodoxia: The Journal of the Ecumenical Patriarchate [ISSN 1106-4889], Thessaloniki, Vol 2.1, 1997, pp 60-86. Homilies 18 and 41 (on the 40 Martyrs), tr. by Iain R. Torrance, in Malphono w-Rabo d-Malphone (Studies in Honor of Sebastian P. Brock), ed. by George A. Kiraz, Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2008, pp 717-734. The Hymns of Severus and Others in the Syriac Version of Paul of Edessa, as revised by James of Edessa, ed. and tr. by Ernest W. Brooks, PO 6, 7 (Paris, 1911), 1-179, 593-802. Liber contra impium Grammaticum, ed. and tr. by Joseph Lebon, CSCO, 93, 94, 101, 102, 111, 112 (Syr 45, 46; 50, 51; 58, 59), Paris and Louvain 192938. La Polémique antijulianiste, ed. and tr. by Robert Hespel, CSCO 244, 245 (Syr 104, 105), Louvain 1964.

SECONDARY SOURCES Ancient sources Athanasius of Antioch, The Conflict of Severus, ed. and tr. from Ethiopic by E.J.Goodspeed, PO 4 (Turnhout, 1971), 575-717. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim and Allen, Pauline, tr. and preface, The Arabic life of Severus of Antioch attributed to Athanasius of Antioch. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2004. Patrologia Orientalis, t. 49, fasc. 4, no. 220. (the Arabic version of the previous source)

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John of Beth Aphthonia, Vie d’Sévère, ed. and tr. by M.-A.Kugener, PO 2 (Paris, 1907), 207-264. George, Bishop of the Arabs, A homily on Blessed Mar Severus, Patriarch of Antioch, ed. and tr. by Kathleen E. McVey, Louvain, Peeters, 1993. Zacharias the Scholastic, Vie d’ Sévère, ed. and tr. by M.-A.Kugener, PO 2 (Turnhout, 1971), 1-115. Zacharias the Scholastic, The Syriac Chronicle known as that of Zachariah of Mitylene, tr. by Frederick J. Hamilton and Ernest W. Brooks, London 1899. Modern material Anton Baumstark, ‘Das Kirchenjahr in Antiocheia zwischen 512 und 518’, RQ 11 (1897) 31-66. M.Brière, ‘Introduction générale aux homélies de Sévère d’Antioche’, PO 29 (1960) 7-72. Sebastian Brock, ‘Some New Letters of the Patriarch Severos’, StPatr 12 (TuU 115, 1975) 17-24. Robert P.Casey, ‘Julian of Halicarnassus’, HThR 19 (1926) 206-13. Roberta C. Chesnut, Three Monophysite Christologies: Severus of Antioch, Philoxenus of Mabbug and Jacob of Edessa, Oxford 1976. W.E.Crum, ‘Sévère d’Antioche en Egypte’, ROC 3 (1922-3) 92-104. René Draguet, Julien d’Halicarnasse et sa controversie avec Sévère d’Antioche sur l’incorruptibilité du corps du Christ, Louvain 1924. William H.C.Frend, The Rise of the Monophysite Movement, Cambridge 1972. Gérard Garitte, ‘Textes hagiographiques orientaux relatifs à saint Léonce de Tripoli. II L’homélie copte de Sévère d’Antioche’, Muséon 79 (1966) 335-386. Francois Graffin, ‘La catéchèse de Sévère d’Antioche’, OrSyr 5 (1960) 47-54. Francois Graffin, ‘La vie à Antioche d’après les homélies de Sévère. Invectives contre les courses de chevaux, le théatre et les jeux olympiques’, GöF Syriaca 17 (1978) 115-30. Patrick T.R.Gray, The Defence of Chalcedon in the East, Leiden 1979. Aloys Grillmeier with Theresia Hainthaler, Jesus der Christus im Glauben der Kirche, Band 2/2, Freiburg 1989 = Christ in Christian Tradition, Vol 2/2, London and Louisville 1995. A de Halleux, ‘Le “synode néochalcédonien” d’Alexandrette et l’ “apologie pour Chalcédoine” de Jean le Grammairien’, RHE 72 (1977) 593-600. Robert Hespel, Le Florilège Cyrillien réfuté par Sévère d’Antioche: Étude et édition critique, BMus 37 (1955) 1-255. H.-J.Höhn, ‘The Preacher’, Chapter 2 in Aloys Grillmeier, Christ in Christian Tradition 2/2 (1995) 129-147.

188

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E. Honigmann, Évêques et évêchés monophysites d’ Asie antérieure au VI siècle (CSCO 127, Subsidia 2), Louvain 1951. Christopher J.A.Lash, ‘The Scriptural Citations in the Homiliae Cathedrales of Severus of Antioch and the Textual Criticism of the Greek Old Testament’, StPatr 12 (TU Band 115, Berlin 1975) 321-7. Joseph Lebon, Le Monophysisme sévérien, Louvain 1909. Joseph Lebon, ‘Le pseudo-Denys l’Aréopagite et Sévère d’Antioche’, RHE 26 (1930) 880-915. Joseph Lebon, ‘La Christologie du monophysisme syrien’, in Das Konzil von Chalkedon: Geschichte und Gegenwart, ed A.Grillmeier and H.Bacht, Würtzburg 1951, Bd I 425-580. J.Mateos, ‘Théologie du baptême dans le formulaire du Sévère d’ Antioche’, OrChrA 197 (1974) 135-61. C.Moeller, ‘Nephalius d’Alexandrie: un représentant de la Christologie néochalcédonienne au début du sixième siècle en orient’, RHE 40 (1944) 73-140. V.C.Samuel, ‘The Christology of Severus of Antioch’, Abba Salama 4 (1973) 126-90. V.C.Samuel, ‘One Nature of God the Word’, GOTR 10/2 (1964) 37-51. V.C.Samuel, ‘Further Studies in the Christology of Severus of Antioch’, Ekklesiastikos Pharos 58/3-4 (1976) 270-301. J.-M.Sauget, ‘Une découverte inespérée: L’homélie 2 de Sévère d’Antioche sur l’Annonciation de la Theotokos’, in R.H.Fischer (ed) A Tribute to Arthur Vööbus. Studies in Early Christian Literature, Chicago 1977, 55-62. Iain R. Torrance, Christology after Chalcedon: Severus of Antioch and Sergius the Grammarian, Norwich 1988, Oregan 1998. Iain R. Torrance, ‘Paradigm Change in Sixth-Century Christology: The Contribution of Gregory the Theologian to the Christology of Severos of Antioch’, GOTR 36/3-4 (1991) 277-85. Wilhelm de Vries, ‘Sakramententheologie bei den syrischen Monophysiten’, OrChrA 125, Rome 1940. Wilhelm de Vries, ‘Die Eschatologie des Severus von Antiochien’, OrChrP 23 (1957) 354-80. Arthur Vööbus, ‘Découverte d’un memra de Giwargi évêque des arabes, sur Sévère d’Antioche’, Muséon 84 (1971) 433-6. Lionel R.Wickham, ‘Severus of Antioch on the Trinity’, StPatr 24 (1993) 360-72. William A.Wigram, The Separation of the Monophysites, London 1923. N.Zambolotsky, ‘The Christology of Severus of Antioch’, Ekklesiastikos Pharos 58/3-4 (1976) 357-386.

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Recent material Allen, Pauline, ‘A bishop’s spirituality: the case of Severus of Antioch’, in P. Allen, R. Canning, L. Cross (eds) with B.J. Caiger, Prayer and Spirituality in the Early Church, 1998, vol. 1, Brisbane: Centre for Early Christian Studies, 169-80. Allen, Pauline, ‘Severus of Antioch as pastoral carer’, Studia Patristica XXXV, Ascetica, gnostica, liturgica, orientalia, 2001, p 353-68. Allen, Pauline, ‘Severus of Antioch as a source for lay piety in late antiquity’, in M. Maritano (ed.), Historiam Perscrutari. Miscellanea di studi offerti al prof. Ottorino Pasquato, Rome, 2002, LAS, 711-21. Allen, Pauline and Hayward, C.T.R., Severus of Antioch. London, New York: Routledge, 2004. Alpi, Frédéric, La Route Royale: Sévère d’Antioche et les Églises d’Orient (512-518). Beirut: Presses de l’Ifpo, 2010, 2 volumes, 540 p. Ambjorn, Lena, translated with an introduction, Zacharias, Bishop of Mytilene: The life of Severus. Piscataway, New Jersey, Gorgias Press, 2008. Andrade, Nathanael J., ‘The Syriac life of John of Tella and the frontier politeia’, Hugoye 12 no 2 Summer 2009. http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/ Aubineau, Michel; Séd, Nicolas, ‘Une citation retrouvée de Jean Chrysostome, Catachesis de iuramento, chez Sévère d’Antioche, Contra additiones Juliani’, Vigiliae christianae 39 no 4 D 1985, p 340-352. Beatrice, Pier Franco, ‘Pagan Wisdom and Christian Theology According to the Tübingen Theosophy’, Journal of Early Christian Studies 3 no 4, Winter 1995, p 403-418. Brakmann, Heinzgerd, ‘Severos unter den Alexandrinern: Zum liturgischen Diptychon in Boston’, Jahrbuch für Antike und Christentum 26, 1983, p 54-58. Burris, Catherine; Rompay, Lucas van, ‘Some further notes on Thecla in Syriac Christianity’, Hugoye 6 no 2, 2003. http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/ Élisée, Hieromoine, ‘Une controverse sur le pêche d’origine en Orient au VIe siecle’ (A 6th Century Controversy over Original Sin in the East), Proche-Orient Chretien 55, 2005, issue 1, p 6-23. Erickson, John H., ‘Reception of the non-Orthodox into the Orthodox Church’, Diakonia 19, no 1-3, 1984-1985, p 68-86. Gelston, Anthony, ‘Notes on a Citation of Chrysostom by Severus’, Journal of Theological Studies ns 50, no 1, April 1999, p 162-163. Gray, Patrick T R., ‘An anonymous Severian Monophysite of the mid-sixth century’, Patristic and Byzantine Review 1, no 2, 1982, p 117-126.

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Halleux, André de, ‘Die Genealogie des Nestorianismus nach der frühmonophysitischen Theologie’, Oriens Christianus 66, 1982, p 1-14. Kofsky, Aryeh, ‘Severus of Antioch and Christological Politics in the Early Sixth Century’, Proche-Orient Chretien 57, 2007, Issue 1-2, p 43-57. Lamoreaux, John C., ‘The Provenance of Ecumenius’ Commentary on the Apocalypse’, Vigiliae christianae 52, no 1, 1998, p 88-108. Lucchesi, Enzo, ‘L’homélie XXIV de Sévère d’Antioche dans un papyrus copte de Vienne’, Journal of Theological Studies ns 33, no 1 April 1982, p 182-183. Malaty, Tadros Y., ‘Christology in the Coptic Church: the nature of God the word incarnate’, Coptic Church Review 7, no 1, Spring 1986, p 4-14. Menze, Volker L., ‘Priests, laity and the sacrament of the Eucharist in sixth century Syria’, Hugoye 7, no 2, 2004. http://syrcom.cua.edu/Hugoye/ Menze, Volker L., Justinian and the Making of the Syrian Orthodox Church. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008, 336 p. Parmentier, Martien F. G., ‘A Syriac Commentary on Gregory of Nyssa’s Contra Eunomium’, Bijdragen 1988, 49, Issue 1, p 2-17. Perrone, Lorenzo, ‘Il Dialogo contro gli aftartodoceti di Leonzio di Bisanzio e Severo di Antiochia’, Cristianesimo nella storia 1980, 1, issue 2, p 411-442. Roux, René, ‘L’exégèse biblique dans les Homélies cathédrales de Sévère d’Antioche’, Studia ephemeridis Augustinianum 84, 2002. Roux, Rodolfo, ‘The concept of orthodoxy in the Cathedral homilies of Severus of Antioch’, Studia Patristica XXXV, Ascetica, gnostica, liturgica, orientalia, 2001, p 488. Weaver, David, ‘Exegesis of Romans 5:12 among the Greek fathers and its implications for the doctrine of original sin: 5th-12th centuries’, St Vladimir’s Theological Quarterly 29, no 3, 1985, p 231-257. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Arabic Manuscripts of the Philalethes of Severus of Antioch’, Proche-Orient Chretien 2001, 51, issue 3, p 261-266. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Notes on the cult of Severus of Antioch in Egypt’, Ephemerides Liturgicae 115, 2001. p 101-107. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘An Arabic text attributed to Severus of Antioch on the Robber’, Bulletin de la Société d'Archéologie 41, 2002, p 5369. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘The Homily on St Philotheus ascribed to Severus of Antioch’, Coptica 1, 2002, p 169-221. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Coptic monastic sites in the seventh and eighth centuries according to a homily ascribed to Severus of Antioch’, Coptic Church Review 23, no 4, Winter 2002, p 103-106.

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191

Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Recommendations to the priests: Severus of Antioch or Severus of el-Ashmunein’, Journal of Coptic Studies 4, 2002, p 187-196. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘The quotations of Severus of Antioch in the book of the Confessions of the Fathers’, Ancient Near Eastern Studies 40, 2003, p 173-224. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Some patristic quotations of Severus of Antioch in Coptic and Arabic texts’, Ancient Near Eastern Studies 40, 2003, p 235-244. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Severus of Antioch as seen by modern Coptic historians’, Coptic Church Review 24, no 4, Winter 2003, p 98-107. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Coptic fragment of a letter of Severus of Antioch’, Oriens Christianus 87, 2003, p 116-122. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘An Arabic text attributed to Severus of Antioch on the Robber’, Bulletin de la Société d'Archéologie 42, 2003, p 119-125. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘The homily on the Archangel Michael attributed to Severus of Antioch – revisited’, Bulletin de la Société d'Archéologie 42, 2003 p 103-117. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Severus of Antioch in the History of the Patriarchs of the Coptic Church’, Parole de l’Orient 28, 2003, p 435-458. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘A new fragment of a life of Severus of Antioch?’ Oriens Christianus 88, 2004, p 111-116. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘The Coptic catena on the four gospels according to Severus of Antioch: I. The Gospel of Matthew’, Bulletin de la Société d’Archéologie Copte 43, 2004, p 95-120. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘A Coptic version of the Homily 28 of Severus of Antioch’, Bulletin de la Société d’Archéologie Copte 43, 2004, p 121-126. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘The Coptic Marian homilies of Severus of Antioch’, Bulletin de la Société d’Archéologie Copte 43, 2004, p 127-140. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Fragments of the Coptic version of the Sixtieth homily of Severus of Antioch’, Bulletin de la Société d’Archéologie Copte 43, 2004, p 141-144. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Notes on the traditions concerning the Trisagion’, Parole de l’Orient 29, 2004, p 147-159. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Severus of Antioch in the Coptic Liturgical books’, Journal of Coptic Studies 6, 2004, p 141-150. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, edited and translated, ‘A homily on Severus of Antioch by a bishop of Assiut (XV century)’, Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2006. Patrologia Orientalis; t. 50, fasc. 1, no 222.

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Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘Severus of Antioch in Scetis’, Ancient Near Eastern Studies 43, 2006, p 142-163. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘The pseudo Severii’, Bulletin de la Société d’Archéologie Copte 45, 2006, p 147-151. Youssef, Youhanna Nessim, ‘The role of Severus of Antioch in the dialogue between Greek, Coptic and Syriac cultures’, Parole de l’Orient 31 (2006) p 163-184.