Bibliography of Arabic linguistics 9783111713700, 9783794036547

Citation preview

bibliography

of Arabic

Linguistics

M.H. Bakalla

bibliography

of Arabic

Mansell 197 j

Linguistics

©

1975 M.H. Bakalla

Mansell Information/Publishing Limited 3 Bloomsbury Place London WC1A 2QA England

International Standard Book Number

0 7201 0525 0

Reproduced from typescript, printed by photolithography and bound in Great Britain at the Scolar Press Limited, Ilkley, Yorkshire

Contents

Preface

vii

Foreword

ix

Introduction

xvii

Acknowledgements

xxiii

List of Symbols and Abbreviations

xxv

List of Transcription and Transliteration

xxvii

List of Sources

xxix

Bibliography

Occidental Section Oriental Section

3 165

Indexes

General Subject Index

263

Analytical Subject Index

269

Index of Co-authors and Co-editors

283

Index of Editors

285

Index of Reviewers

287

Index of Arabic Authors

291

Arabic Introduction

310

Arabic Dedication

312

Preface

Arabic language studies have a long tradition of text editing and grammar writing within a framework of general philological studies. It has been within the last thirty years however that Arabic has been studied from the linguistic angle. One of the outcomes has been an awareness of Arabic dialect—in other words, the study of the spoken medium without reference to the written language. The application of linguistic techniques in this field has resulted in faithful descriptions of given dialects. This approach has proved fruitful, but has been inhibited by an erroneous assumption which has distorted the position of dialects within Arab society. It has been assumed that in Arabic dialects there is no norm by which to assess the correctness or incorrectness of their various elements. This results in an unbiased view of the spoken form. But somehow the concept of lack of norm has become a norm in itself. On one side stand the dialects, and on the other side, diametrically opposed, stands the literary medium, Classical Arabic. Such an opposition is the result of a misunderstanding of their relationship. The concept of diglossia has been useful in underlining the differences between the two, but it focuses on extremes. It tends to neglect the cultural situation in the Arab world. The concept of 'prestige dialects' recognizes linguistic change and does so on the dialectal level where one dominant dialect effects linguistic change in other dialects of a given area. The gap between spoken and Classical Arabic remains, however. What is actually happening is that among the cultural classes the spoken medium has a tendency to become highly classized and a three sided situation arises. Dialects are made to conform to the norms of the prestige dialects with the additional influence of Classical Arabic. Arabic linguistics has paid insufficient attention to this problem, and the reasons could be that on the one hand linguists living in the West are not in direct contact with the linguistic situation of the area, while on the other hand there are still too few linguists in the Arab world who perceive the situation clearly. A thorough knowledge of Classical Arabic in its literary form should be coupled with an equally comprehensive awareness of the dialects to enable the researcher to see Arabic as a whole and on all its linguistic levels. The written language has been mostly studied outside its living environment which means that many qualities of the language are beyond the reach of the student. This is particularly true of the study of literature. Despite the fact that Classical Arabic is in its various aspects different from everyday spoken Arabic, literary style can only be appreciated when one is immersed in both media at the same time. By restricting oneself to the written form only, that is, to the printed page, there is the danger of falling into a sterile normative approach which restricts itself to the criticism of acceptable words, and morphological and syntactic structures. Such an approach disregards the artistic quality of a given literary text. Although excellent studies have vii

viii Preface

been written on many aspects of both the Classical and spoken Arabic, the study of the language has so far been too fragmented. As yet there has been no Jespersen of Arabic. The present bibliography reflects the awareness on the part of the author, Dr. Muhammad Hasan Bakalla, of the wide ranging aspects of Arabic in both its written and spoken forms. With this bibliography by his side the student with a broad approach to Arabic will be spared the time-consuming and seemingly unending process of the search for information. Theodore Prochazka, Ph.D. (London) University of Riyadh, Riyadh.

Foreword

From where we stand here in the Christian West, the linguistic panorama looks something like this: in the background, way at the horizon, we see Athens and its thinkers, pre- and post-Socratic, arguing . . . . Next to Athens, we see India and its saffron-robed, venerable giant, Panini, and his successors, small unidentifiable men, bending over something that looks like parchment with strangelooking characters written upon it. In front of the Athens-India scene we see Rome with its glorious temples and stadiums and legions and warriors overwhelmingly visible against a very small group of little men with quills and writing materials. A smaller group of men stands by Rome; these we recognize 'without comment' as a biblical unscientific group of would-be scholars. In front of that, and all the way to that modern-looking edifice of Port-Royaldes-Champs, we see nothing but sand; this is the age of Islam, and we are told that it was barren, the Dark Ages. This Western painted panorama of the linguistic landscape is very inaccurate; for between Athens, Rome, and Port-Royal-des-Champs there are sceneries of breath-taking beauty. These are the linguistic colors of medieval Islam. This introductory note aims at whetting the appetite of Western researchers and scholars and motivating them to look beyond their European heritage into the great traditions of Africa and Asia to learn about the history of their own linguistic tradition—if not to find its roots. The Bibliography shows the way to acquiring such insights; it leads researchers and scholars to the source of the Medieval Arabo-Islamic learning in the field of linguistic science whose road is challenging indeed. One item in the list of requirements, reading and understanding the language, Arabic, is sine qua non; for Arabic is the language of the Islamic tradition and the vehicle of Islamic learning. It is one of the thirteen leading world-languages, and the one that enjoys greatest distributional and cultural power, having more than one hundred million native speakers and more than six hundred million users. It is the language of theology and philosophy, literature and the sciences of the Muslim Middle Ages. ARABIC, THE LANGUAGE Just as the Romance languages are the linguistic consequence of the Roman Empire, the Arabic language is the consequence of the successful work of Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam, his activity, mission, tradition, and the subsequent cultural developments. For Arabic was first recorded and immortalized as the language of the Qur'an; the language of pre-Qur'anic poetry and prose was not compiled and written down until about a hundred years after Mohammad's death. Unlike any other linguistic tradition known to us, Arabic continues to be a living language which has not undergone significant phonological or syntactical changes in its scientific-literary form, although a number of linguistically definable dialects have developed therefrom. These dialects, however, are spoken only; ix

x

Foxeword

none of them is written except experimentally. In this area, Arabic has not developed like, say, Classical and Vulgar Latin; it developed very much the way English has, from Old English to Modern English, although, as a communication medium, Arabic developed along the same lines other languages have developed. But due to its sacredness the literary-scientific form of Arabic, even today, remains phonologically and structurally similar to that of the Qur'an, the book containing the Muslim scripture that was revealed to Muhammad during his tenure as a Prophet and ruler of the first Muslim Commonwealth in Medina, in present day Hijaz, Saudi Arabia. The following is a comparison between Arabic and English: Old English Anglo-Saxon: Mid-5th to 12th century A.D.

Old Arabic Pre-Hegra: c. 959 B.C. to c. 267 A.D.

Middle Arabic Middle English Northumbrian-Mercian-West Saxon: Hegra-Namära-Jebel Ramm; ZabadHarran, to c. 500 A.D. c. 1150-1400 Modern English from early 15th century to the present

Arabic Muhammad and Jahillya's recorded speech, c. 600 A.D. to the present

While English continued to adjust to the spoken form, Arabic remained aloof of its own spoken forms. Here, Arabic shows a uniqueness unparalleled in linguistic history, a dualism where only the 'higher' form of the language is acknowledged as viable for preservation. However, Arabic, as a spoken tongue, developed naturally: Educated Arabs and non-Arab Muslims 'High' Arabic (liturgical, literary and scientific, written and spoken, from the 7th century A.D. to the present) Arabs only, all, educated and uneducated Regional Arabic lost to history except for present-day dialects which are in use in the Arabic-speaking Afro-Asian area. This, perhaps more than anything else, makes Arabic a unique model for linguistic study, and makes it interesting and productive. THE ARABIANS AND THEIR LINGUISTIC ERUDITION Naturally, the Arabs themselves were the first to examine their tongue scientifically. This happened firstly as a result of contacts with non-Arabs and secondly for religious reasons. Prior to the mission of Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah, the Prophet of Islam, the Arabians inhabited the Arabian Island. That 'island' was the geographical area known to us as the Arabian Peninsula. Due to its being surrounded by seas on three sides and by deserts on the fourth, its inhabitants thought of it as an 'island' rather than a 'peninsula.' These Arabians were divided into two main groups: the southern Arabians, the Himyarites of Arabia Felix, and the northern Arabians, the settled and nomadic communities of Arabia Deserta; for these, the nomenclature 'Felix' and 'Deserta' are the terms used by the Classical geographers and historians. The Arabians of the north left us nothing that indicates advanced linguistic

Foreword

xi

learning; those of the south, the Himyarites, left records, from the tenth century B.C. onward, showing a high degree of linguistic sophistication. A sampling of their thought is found in two worthwhile publications, Conti Rossini's Glossarium to his Chrestomathia Arabica meridionalis epigraphica (Rome 1931), and Maria Hofner's Altsudarabische Grammatik (Leipzig, 1943). These records show that, in a single phonetic category, sibilants, the South Arabians distinguished six phonemes, namely r1"^ (s) , £ (s or ¿) , ^ (s) , r ^ (s), X (z), (z). Unlike the ancient Indians, however, the Himyarites left no linguistic treatises describing their language. This is due perhaps to the fact that their needs were related neither to religion nor to epic literature, as was the case with the ancient Indians and the ancient Greeks respectively. Later on, with the coming of Christianity, the Arabians of the North, the Nabataeans, used an Aramaic script of twenty-two signs for their written documents. This act of borrowing had nothing ingenious about it; it was an interim accomodation that left no significant trace on either the Arabic language or its linguistic structure and later development. In the seventh century of the common area, the Qur'an was revealed to Muhammad in the dialect of his tribe, the Quraysh. At that early time in the history of the Arabians, there was no common dialect in Arabia; various tribes spoke dialects which differed considerably in phonology, structure and idiom. Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam, spoke the local dialect of Mecca, that of his own tribe. Prior to his time and during it, however, a more or less standard dialect had developed and came to be used by the poets and orators of Arabia. Muhammad must have used this standard dialect for his public utterances. What we know for sure, however, is that the official recension of the Qur'an lay emphasis on Caliphal instruction that the Qur'an be written in the dialect of the Quraysh. At the time the Qur'an was being recorded, the Arabic script in current use was defective. The same writing symbol was used for a number of different sounds; there were signs for consonants, none for vowels; there was no way to indicate the doubling of consonants and there was no sign for nazalized vowels, etc. Phonetic studies in early Islam rectified this situation by producing an almost perfect phonetic writing system. THE ARABS AND MUSLIMS AND THEIR LINGUISTIC TRADITION Muhammad's mission, Islam, resulted in the conversion of many nations to the new faith. Islam was also the vehicle of expansion of the Arabic tongue which was acquired by the newly converted and conquered peoples. Those who spoke Arabic and used it in their scientific and scholarly endeavors became assimilated into the Arabian nation and became known as the Arabs. The overwhelming majority of the new nation was Muslim; a small body of Christian, Jewish and other minorities continued to exist among the Muslim majority, sharing in the duties and prosperities that were brought about by the liberal faith of Islam and the teaching of its Prophet. Thus, a new era in world culture began; it was Arabic in language, Muslim in faith, and international in scope. From Muhammad's time onward, it became possible to speak of Arab instead of Arabian; two Arabic eras are now delineated. Islamic and preIslamic, the first being the era that was the consequence of Muhammad's mission, the latter referring to the age of Arabian

xii Foreword

paganism and the little known Jewish and Christian events that took place during that age. It was the coming of Islam that brought about a real interest in linguistics. This was due to Islam's emphasis on Scripture which fostered a growing interest in Arabic as a language and as a subject of study. Islam, being a 'religion of the Book', stressed the sacredness of the Word of Allah, the Qur'an. Islam conquered. And wherever Islam went, the Qur'an went also. Regardless of the linguistic tradition of the converted and the conquered, the Our'an was the infallible and unchangeable Word of Allah and rule of life for the believers. As such, it had to be preserved intact. At first, the Qur'an was memorized. There was a class of learned men whose occupation was to recite the Scripture from memory; these were the qurra'. Their age was an age of expansion through wars, an age of jihad. The qurra' were among those who waged jihad in the Way of Allah. They fought and died like other Muslims, but their death was felt more acutely than that of others. This was due to their being the faithful transmitters of the Word of God, the Qur'an. Fear of their extinction led to the recording of the Qur'an and to the first step in Arabic linguistics: Arabic phonetic study. PHONETIC STUDIES Early in the seventh century of the common era, Arabic was the language of a people, the Arabians. From Muhammad's time onward, Arabic expanded: it became the language of a faith, Islam, and of peoples within and outside the faith, in the Arabian Peninsula and outside it, Muslims and non-Muslims—the language of a culture, that of the Muslims, all the Muslims, and of the Arabs, all the Arabs: Muslims, Jewish, Christians, and even pagans, infidels, and non-believing free-thinkers. The non-Arabian converts and their conquered brethren had to learn Arabic as a second language. This required, to begin with, learning the sound-system of Arabic which utlimately led to formal studies of the phonetics of the language. Chroniclers of Arabic culture tell us that Arabic linguistic studies originated with the saintly Imam-warrior 'All b. Abi Talib, cousin of Muhammad and his son-in-law. The point of departure in 'All's work is marked by a single word, lahn, the faulty usage of the language by non-Arabian converts to Islam and others. 'All passed on his linguistic learning to Abu al-Aswad, teacher of 'Anbasah whose pupil was Maimun al-Aqran, teacher of Ibn Abi Ishaq from whom 'isa b. 'umar learned his grammar, which in turn was taught to Al-Khalll, teacher of Sibawaihi, called the father of the Arabic linguistic tradition, because he was the first to set down a systematic precis of Arabic linguistics. Sibawaihi was a Persian Muslim whose real name was Abu Bishr Uthman b. Qanbar. The word Sibawaihi is an arabicization of MiddleIranian seboe. What seboe or Sibawaihi means exactly is still subject of discussion. In my own work, referring to medieval and modern studies by others, I stated that seboe is the equivalent of 'little apple1. Other opinions, and again, medieval and modern, have attempted to show that the nickname Sibawaihi is the equivalent of 'many fragrances', 'apple blossoms', and, in a recent paper delivered at the 1974 Sibawaihi Conference at Pahlavi University, Shiraz, Dr. 'Abd al-Mahdl Yadegarl, of the University of Teheran, argued that the name Sibawaihi is a nickname meaning 'tuffah Allah',

Foreword xiii

that is, 'the man with the exquisite beauty whose cheeks resemble God's most beautiful apple'. Be that as it may, Slbawalhi's contribution to medieval linguistics in general and Arabic linguistics in particular is contained in his work called simply Al-Kitab, The Book, a concise and difficult to read essay on the structure of the Arabic language. In matters of phonetics, Slbawalhi's analysis was so accurate that, even today, it is still unsurpassed. To illustrate the accuracy of Slbawalhi's analysis the following comparative table shows Slbawalhi's analysis with that of GairdnerJones: Classification Glottal Pharyngal

Sibawalhi

Gairdner-Jones

/'/ /h/ /


».«JI 881 KRAMERS, J.H. De Taal van den Koran. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1940; 32 pp. On the language of the Qur'in. 882 KRAMERS, J.H. 'La pause en arabe et en hébreu considérée au point de vue phonologique.' In: Analecta Orientalia. Posthumous writings and selected minor works. Vol. II. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1956; 3-13. 883 KRAPIVA, G.P. 'Sinonimicheskiy ryad i obshchaya klassifikatziya sinonimov v arabskom yazyke. ' In: C124911, 1971, 104-15. 884 KREK, M. 'E.W. Lane's working copy of his lexicon.' JAOS 89 (1969), 419-20. Cf. C1794:. 885 KRENKOW, F. 'Beginning of Arabic lexicography till the time of al-Jawhari with special reference to the works of Ibn Duraid.' JRAS (1924), 254. 886 KROTKOFF, GEORGE 'The "Kitäb lahn al-'awimm" by Abu Bakr az-Zubaydi. Description of a lexicographical manuscript.' MKAU 2 (1957), Foreign Section 183-95. 887 KROTKOFF, GEORGE 'Lahm "Fleisch" und lehem "Brot".' WZKM 62 (1969), 76-82.

98

Bibliography

888 KROTKOFF, GEORGE •Bagdader Studien.' ZDMG 122 (1972), 93-101. 889 KRUPER, V. 'Dissociations of like consonants in morphemic forms.' (1967), 37-44. 890 KUNITZSCH, PAUL Arabische Sternnamen in Europa. Berlin, 1956; 222 pp.

AAS 3

Ph.D. diss., Freie Universität,

891 KURYiOWICZ, JERZY •La mimmation et l'article en arabe.' 323-8.

AO 18, No. 1-2 (1950),

= Melanges Hrozny, III. 892 KURYiOWICZ, JERZY 'Le diptotisme et la construction des noms de nombre en arabe.' Word 7 (1951), 222-6. 893 KURYiOWICZ, JERZY 'Le mètre quantitatif en arabe et ailleurs.' 92-8.

In: C401H, 1970,

Notes on the metre in CA and Ancient Greek. 894 KURYiOWICZ, JERZY Studies in Semitic Grammar and Metrics. Polska Akademia Nauk, Komitet J^zykoznawcze. Prace J^zykoznawcze, 67. London: Curzon Press, 1973; 190 pp. Many grammatical points of Arabic are discussed and exemplified. The quantitative metre of Arabic is also treated at length. Review: Ullendorff, E.: BSOAS 37 (1974), 449-50. 895 KURYiOWICZ, JERZY 'Verbal aspect in Semitic.'

Or 42 (1973), Fasc. 1-2.

896 KUSSAIM, SAMIR 'Contribution à 1'etude du moyen arabe des coptes. L'adverbe Khâssatan chez Ibn Sabbâ'.' Muséon 80 (1967), 153-209. Contribution to the study of non-CA of the Copts in 13th and 14th centuries A.D. 897 KUSSAIM, SAMIR 'Contribution à l'étude du moyen arabe des Coptes. synthétique.' Muséon 81 (1968), 5-77. 898 KUSSAIM, SAMIR 'L'accent de mot dans l'arabe du Caire.' 315.

Arabica

II partie

15 (1968), 289-

Occidental

99

899 KUWAIT OIL COMPANY Kuwaiti Arabic. 2 vols., n.d. (1970?). Part Is Kuwaiti Arabic. With a Foreword by M.M. Derhalli, 48 pp. Part II: Kuwaiti Arabic. Spoken Arabic Course, 15 pp. 900 LACROIX, P.F. 'Remarques préliminaires à une étude des emprunts arabes en peul.' Africa 37 (1967), 188-202, tables, diagrams. 901 LADEFOGED, PETER Preliminaries to Linguistic Phonetics. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1971; ix, 122 pp. For Arabic, see especially pp. 41, 42, 64. 902 LAMBERT, MAYER 'De l'accent en arabe."

JA ixS série, Tome 10 (1897), 402-13.

903 LAHBABI, M.A. 'Apropos du bilinguisme.'

Confluent (I960), No. 7, 347-50.

904 LAHBABI, M.A. •Au sujet de l'arabisation.'

Confluent (1963), No. 28, 137-9.

905 LAKHDAR, A. •Problèmes de l'arabisation.'

Confluent (1960), No. 7, 368-76.

906 LAKHDAR, A. 'Le congrès de l'arabisation.'

Confluent (1961), 310-20.

907 LANDAU, JACOB M. A Word Count of Modem Arabie Prose. New York: American Council of Learned Societies, in cooperation with the School of Education, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 1959; xx, 453, 20 (Arabic), 13 (Hebrew) pp. Reviews : Blachère, R. : Arabica 9 (1962), 87-8. Perlmann, M.: MEJ 14 (I960), 106-7. Sa'ïd, M.F.: Word 16 (1960), 285-7. Wehr, H.: WI 7 (1961), 211-12. 908 LANDAU, JACOB M. 'Language study in Israel.'

CTL 6, 1970.

For the teaching of Arabic, see pp. 732-6. 909 LANDBERG, CARLO DE Etude sur les Verbes fi'il. Publiée d'après le manuscrit du Comte de Landberg par K.V. Zetterstéen. Uppsala Universitets Arsskrift, 6. Uppsala: Lundequist, 1939; 31 pp. Cf. C1347, p.45D. Review: Tritton, A.S.: JRAS (1945), 102-3.

100

Bibliography

910 LANDBERG, CARLO DE Glossaire de la Langue des Bedouins 'Anazeh. K.V. Zettersteen, 1940; vi, 105 pp.

Uppsala-Leipzig:

Cf. C1347, p. 441. Reviews: Ryckmans, G.: Museon 54 (1941), 229. Tritton, A.S.: JRAS (1945), 102-3. 911 LANGENDOEN, D. TERENCE 'T.F. Mitchell on Arabic.' In: London School of Linguistics: A Study of the Linguistic Theories of B. Malinowski and J.R. Firth, by D.T. Langendoen. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press; 101-109. Discussion and reformulation of the rules of the Arabic stress, based on T.F. Mitchell's 'Prominence and syllabication in Arabic'. BSOAS 23 (I960), 369-89. 912 LAOUST, H. 'Introduction a une etude de 1'enseignement arabe en Egypt.' 7 (1933) , 310-52. 913 LARADI, WIDAD Negation in Colloquial Tripoli Arabic.' of Leeds, 1972; 44 pp.

REI

M.A. thesis. University

914 LAROUI, A. Cultural Problems and Social Structure: The Campaign of Arabization in Morocco. Rabat: Mohammad V University, 1971; 28 pp. 915 LASATER, ALICE ELIZABETH Hispano-Arabic Relationships to the Works of the Gawain-Poet. Ph.D. diss., University of Tennessee, 1971; 262 pp. DA 32/8, February 1972, 4570-A—4571-A. UML Order No. 72-5460. Discusses also the influence of vulgar Arabic poetry in Europe. 916 LATHAM, J. DEREK 'Reflections on the ta' marbuta in Spanish toponyms of Arabic origin.' JSS 12 (1967), 91-91 917 LATHAM, J. DEREK 'The meaning of "Maydan as-Sibaq".'

JSS 13 (1968), 241-8.

918 LATHAM, J. DEREK 'Keshteban: A Persian loan-word in Arabic.'

JRAS (1968), 65-7.

919 LATHAM, J. DEREK 'The archers of the Middle East: The Turco-Iranian background.' Iran 8 (1970), 97-103. On technical terms. 920 LATHAM, J. DEREK 'Arabic into medieval Latin.'

JSS 17 (1972), 30-67.

Occidental 101

921 LATHAM, J. DEREK and W.F. PATERSON Saracen Archery. An English Version and Exposition of a Memeluke Work on Archery (ca. A.D. 1368), with Introduction, Glossary and Illustrations. London: Holland Press, 1970; xl, 219 pp. Review: Viré, F.: JSS 16 (1971), 250-71. 922 LECERF, JEAN 'Littérature dialectale et renaissance arabe moderne.' 179-258; 3 (1933), 47-173.

BEO 2 (1932),

Modem dialects and CA may merge in a new Koiné. This work was also published in a book form in Paris, 1933; 207 pp. 923 LECERF, JEAN 'L'arabe contemporain comme langage de civilisation.' RevA 74 (1933), 269-96. On bilingualism, political and cultural aspects of Arabization. 924 LECERF, JEAN 'Esquisse d'une problématique de l'arabe actuel.' No. 26, 1-16.

AfrAs (1954),

On the future of Arabie, especially in North Africa; literary and colloquial Arabic. 925 LECERF, JEAN 'Remarques sur le lexique arabe.'

GLECS 9 (1963), 81-6.

926 LECERF, JEAN 'L'accent de mot en arabe dialectal d'Orient.' 136-40.

GLECS 11 (1966-67),

927 LECERF, JEAN 'Regards sur l'état présent des études sur les dialectales arabes de Bagdad.' ACSAI 3, 1967, 443-59. 928 LECERF, JEAN 'Addenda sur le dialecte arabe musulman de Bagdad.' (1967), 5-13.

Arabica 14

Cf. C1185, it. 459:. 929 LECERF, JEAN 'Structure sullabique en arabe de Bagdad et accent de mot en arabe oriental.' Word 25, 1969 (1971), 160-80. 930 LECERF, JEAN 'Réflexions sur les renaissances linguistiques en relation avec la carrière littéraire de Taha Hussein.' In: C401D, 1970, 99-106. 931 LECOMTE, GÉRARD 'Arabe et modernisme.' Cf. E1185, it. 497D.

RENLO (1964), No. 1, 57-77.

102 Bibliography

932 LECOMTE, GÉRARD Grammaire de l'Arabe. Que Sais-Je? Le point des connaissances Actuelles, No. 1275. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1968; 128 pp. Reviews : Cohen, David: BSL 67/2 (1972), 401. Drozdik, L«: AAS 8, 1972 (1973), 247-51. Merad, A.: Arabica 17 (1970), 218-19. 933 LECOMTE, GÉRARD 'Nouvelles réflexions sur un vocabulaire technique en formation, suivi d'un Nouveau lexique français-arabe de l'automobile.' Arabica 20 (1973), 113-41. Cf. C1185, it. 407D, on Lexique français-arabe de l'automobile. Orient 17 (1961), No. 1, 195-213. 934 LEHN, WALTER •Vowel contrasts in Najdi Arabic.'

In: C1374:, 1967, 123-33.

935 LEHN, WALTER and PETER ABBOUD Beginning Cairo Arabic. Preliminary Edition. Austin: Middle East Center, University of Texas at Austin, 1965; x, 298 pp. Cf. C1185, it. 6063. Review: Drozdik, L.: AO 35 (1967), 322-3. 936 LEK'IASHVILI, ALE KS I 'Das diptotische System in Klassischen Arabisch.1 57-69.

AO 39 (1971),

937 LEK'IASHVILI, ALEKSI 'Über die Kasusflexion in den semitischen Sprachen.1 (1971), 76-90.

ZPhon 24

Reference is made to Arabic, too. 938 LELONG, MICHEL 'Faut-il arabiser l'enseignement des sciences: Une enquete de la Revue Ach-Chabab." IBLA 19 (1956), 415-22. 939 LE PAGE, R.B. 'Problems of description in multilingual communities.' (1968), 189-212.

TPS

Reference is nicids to th© Arabic SPÔÂKING count RI ÔS • 940 LESLAU, WOLF 'An Ethiopian parallel to the Arabic expression "the eye of the hen".' Arabica 15/3 (1968), 316-17. 941 LESLAU, WOLF 'The negative particle 'in in Arabic and (')an in Ethiopie.' AION-O 19 (1969), 137-45.

Occidental

103

942 LEVIN, SAUL The Indo-European and Semitic Languages. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 1971; xlii, 775 pp. Reference to Arabic is made in many places. Review: Malone, Joseph L.: Language

49 (1973), 204-9.

943 LEVY, MARY MANSNERUS The Plural of the Noun in Modern Standard Arabic. Ph.D. diss., University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, 1971; 393 pp. DA 32/3, September 1971, 1496-A. UML Order No. 71-23, 801. This study aims to describe the general rules which determine the phonological form of noun plurals in MSA. The theoretical model employed is that of generative phonology. The corpus includes a number of Arabic writings, data from informant work, and all of Wehr's Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic. For Wehr's dictionary, see C1474H. 944 LEVY, MARY MANSNERUS and J.L. FIDELHOLTZ 'Arabic broken plurals, rule features, and lexical features.' Glossa 5/1 (1971), 57-71. 945 LEWICKI, TADEUSZ 'Les noms propres berbères employés chez les Nafûsa médiévaux (VlIIe-XVIe siècle). Observations d'un arabisant.' FO 14 (197273), 5-35. 946 LEWIN, BERNHARD Arabische Texte im Dialekte von Hama. Mit Einleitung und Glossar. Beiruter Texte und Studien, 2. Wiesbaden : Franz Steiner Verlag, 1966; 48, 230 pp. Reviews : Blau, Joshua: Erasmus 19 (1967), 595-8. Drozdik, L.: AAS 7, 1971 (1973), 156-7. Johnstone, T.M.: BSOAS 31 (1968), 145-6. Wansbrough, J.: AM 14 (1968), 115. 947 LEWIN, BERNHARD Notes on Cabali. The Arabic Dialect Spoken by the Alawis of Jebel Ansariye. Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, Orlentalia Gothoburgensia, 1. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell, 1969; 59 pp. 948 LEWIN, BERNHARD 'Non-conditional "if" -clauses in Arabic.' 70.

ZDMG 120 (1970), 264-

949 LEWKOWICA, NANCY MARGARET KENNEDY (see KENNEDY) A Transformational Appraoch to the Syntax of Arabic Participles. Ph.D. diss.. University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, 1967; 269 pp. DA 28/7, January 1968, 2667-A. UML Order No. 67-17, 808. 950 LEWKOWICZ, NANCY MARGARET KENNEDY (see KENNEDY) 'Topic-comment and relative clause in Arabic.' Language 810-26.

47 (1971),

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952 LINGUISTIC RESEARCH GROUP OF PAKISTAN LRGP Reporter I: Special Section on Arabic Language and Linguistics. LRGP publications, No. 8, 1966; 80 pp. 953 LINKER, SUSAN MOTT Los Arabismos en la Poesía Castellana, Aragonesa y Leonesa del Siglo XIV. (Spanish text). Ph.D. diss.. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1973; 308 pp. DA 34/5, November 1973, 2636-A. UML Order No. 73-26, 202. Attempts to examine all words of certain or doubtful Arabic origin, including those Arabisms which proceed indirectly as well as directly from Arabic, in all fourteenth-century Spanish poetic works of Castile, Aragon, and Leon. Attention is given only to lexicographical Arabisms, and not to the semantic or syntactic. The study of the Arabisms found includes their grammatical category, etymon, and meanings in the fourteenth century. 954 LINKER, SUSAN MOTT 'Dates of first appearance of the Spanish words: Albayalde, Guarismo, Jaque and Naranja.' REO 9 (1973), 187-8. 955 LITTMANN, ENNO Kairener Volksleben. Arabische Texte Hausgegeben und übersetzt. AKM 26, 2. Nendeln, Liechtenstein, Kraus Reprint Ltd., 1966; vi, 82 pp. Reprint of Leipzig 1941 edn. 956 LITTMANN, ENNO Kairener Sprichwörter und Rastel. 86 pp.

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Reprint of 1937 edn. 957 LLORENTE MALDONALDO DE GUEVARA, A. 'La toponimia árabe, mozárabe y morisca de la province de Salamanca.' ACILR 11/4, 1970, 2005-2021. Also see MEAH 12-13 (1963-64), No. 1, 89-112. 958 LOMBARD, ALF 'Un Rapprochement nouveau- L'histoire du Maltais peut-elle nous comprendre celle du Romain?' RRL 19/1 (1974), 3-22. 959 LÖRINCZI, MARINELLA 'Consideraciones semánticas acerca de las palabras españolas de origen árabe.' RRL 14 (1969), 65-75. Arabie loan words in Spanish with reference to some grammatical characteristics of Arabic.

Occidental 105 960 LOTFI, M.K. Changes Needed in Egyptian Readers to Increase their Value. Ph.D. diss.. University of Chicago, 1948. 961 LOUCEL, HENRI 'Le langue arabe et la langue occidentale.' 844-57.

CHM 14 (1972) ,

962 LOUCEL, HENRI 'Signification du nombre et de la fréquence des racines verbales quadriconsonantiques dans "Anà Ahyâ" de Laylâ Ba'albakï.' SI 35 (1972), 121-67. 963 LOUIS, ANDRÉ 'La langue arabe et les examens en Tunisie.' 187-221.

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964 MAAMOURI, MOHAMED The phonology of Tunisian Arabie. Ph.D. diss., Cornell University, 1967; v, 169 pp. DA 28/8, February 1968, 3168-A—3179-A. UML Order No. 68-884. A synchronic description of the phonemic system of present day educated colloquial Tunisian Arabic. The data was primarily based on the researcher's dialect, the dialect of Nabeul, NorthEast Tunisia. Segmental phonemes, suprasegmental features such as stress and intonation, emphasis, allophonic variants, the syllable, and morphophonological alternations were discussed in detail. 965 MACDONALD, JOHN 'The Arabic derived verb in philological categories.' In: Essays in Honour of Griffithes Wheeler Thatcher, 1863-1950, edited by C.B. MacLauren. Sydney: Sydney University Press, 1967; 217-48. A revision and expansion of 'the Arabic derived themes: A study in form and meaning' which appeared in IQ 7 (1963), 96-116. 966 MADKOUR, IBRAHIM 'Le grand dictionnaire "al-Mu'jam al-Kablr".' 40-3.

AN 12 (1971-72),

Cf. C1799:. 967 MAGEE, W.E. 'The pronunciation of the prelingual mutes in Classical Arabic. ' Word 6 (1950), 74-7. 968 MAHGOUB, FATMA MUHAMMAD A Linguistic Study of Cairene Proverbs. Language Science Monographs, 1. Bloomington: Indiana University, Research Center for the Language Sciences; The Hague: Mouton, 1968; x, 141 pp. Reviews : Johnstone, T.M.: BSOAS 34 (1971), 142-3. Scott, Charles T.: Language 46 (1970), 944-52. Vial, Ch.: Arabica 18 (1971), 220.

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969 MAHGOUB, FATMA MUHAMMAD A Kinemorphological Study of Cairene Gestures, with Pedagogical Applications. Ph.D. diss.. University of Texas at Austin, 1970; 305 pp. DA 31/11, May 1971, 6036-A. UML Order No. 71-11, 580. Analysis of Cairene gestures, their form, content and distribution in relation to speech analysis. Attempts to prove that gestures are capable of being analysed as physical events. 970 MAINNZ, E. Zur Grammatik des Modernen Schrift-Arabisch. Hamburg, 1931.

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971 MAJED, JAAFAR 1 Labil, Philologique andalou du VII/XII 6 siècle." No. 123, 103-17.

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972 MAKDISI, NED 'Facts and figures: Arabie. 1. Arabie type simplified; 2. Language dualism.' MEA 6/1 (1955), 51-4. 973 MARINO, SHINYA Creation and Termination: A Semantic Study of the Structure of the Qur'änic World View. Studies in the Humanities and Social Relations. Tokyo: Keio Institute of Cultural and Linguistic Studies, 1970; 151 pp., diagrams. 974 AL-MAKKÏ (=ALMAKKI) , RASHIED Sudanese Arabic Phonology. A Contrastive Study with Special Reference to the Teaching of English in the Sudan. M.A. thesis, Department of Linguistics, University of Leeds, 1972; 90 pp. A phonemic approach to the Sudanese dialect of Arabic. 975 MALAIKA, NISAR Grundzüge der Grammatik des Arabischen Dialektes von Bagdad. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1963; xii, 85 pp. Originally a Ph.D. diss. Köln. Cf. C1185, it. 234:. Reviews : Blanc, H.: JAOS 84 (1964), 304-5. Bloch, A.: WI 10 (1965), 95-8. Denz, A.: ZDMG 114 (1964), 432-3. Krotkoff, G.: WZKM 61 (1967), 304-5. Leslau, W.: Linguistics 15 (1965), 105-8. Singer, H.R.: OLZ 62 (1967), 54-8. 976 MALIK, A.P. 'A comparative study of American English and Iraqi Arabic consonant clusters.' LL 7 (1956-57), 65-87. 977 MALONE, JOSEPH L. 'Rules of synchronic analogy: A proposal based on evidence from three Semitic languages.' FL 5 (1969), 534-59.

Occidental 107 Of interest methodologically. 978 MAMEDALIEV, V.M. 'Ob osnovnuikh formakh spryazeniya glagola v arabskom yazuike.1 SANG 49/1 (1968), 499-504. 979 MAMEDOV, A.DZ. 'Predlozenie s vydelennym imenem, ili "dvustoronnee predlozenie" (jumla dhat wajhayn) v arabskom literaturnom jazyka.' On the prepositions of the type: az-zahra ra'ihatuha tayyiba. In: Semitskie jazyki. Sbornik statej. Edited by G.S. Sharbatov. Moskva: Izdatel'stvo "Nauka" (Institut Narodov Azii, 1963; 6271. Cf. C1185, it. 2i:. 980 MANECA, CONSTANT 'In proposito dei prestiti lessicali arabi dello spagnuolo.' RRL 12 (1967), 369-74. 981 MANSOUR, BAHIJA J. Noun-Adjective Agreement in Colloquial Baghdad Arabic. diss., Georgetown University, 1966; 41 pp. 982 MANSOUR, FAWZY SAAD Verb Modifiers in Colloquial Cairene Arabic. Brown University, 1966; iii, 90 pp., tables.

M.S.

M.A.L. diss..

983 MARCOS-MARÍN, F. 'Arabismos en Azorin. (Contribución al estudio del léxico de "Las confesiones de un pequeño filósofo").' And 34 (1969), 143-58. 984 MARCOS-MARÍN, F. 'Doce nuevos arabismos para el Diccionario Histórico.' (1969), 441-50.

And 34

985 MARCUS, IRVINE DAVID Aspects of the Ugaritic Verb in the Light of Comparative Semitic Grammar. Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1970; 157 pp. DA 31/9, March 1971, 4749-A. UML Order No. 71-6221. Examines the perfect tense in Arabic and the other aspects of the Arabic verb. 986 MARGOLIOUTH, D.S. 'Sane additions to Professor Jefferv's "Foreign vocabulary of the Qur'an.' JRAS 1939 (1939), 53-61. A propos of C795D. 987 MARSHALL, DAVID R. The Accusative in Arabic Grammatical Literature. Ph.D. thesis, University of Durham (St. Cuthbert's), England, 1963. 988 MARSHALL, DAVID R. 'Some discrepancies in the reasoning of the Arab grammarians.' JMS 4 (1967), 69-78.

108 Bibliography 989 MARSHALL, DAVID R. 'A comparative table of the meaning patterns of the derived forms of the verb in Arabic and Maltese.' JMS 5 (1968), 14-24. 990 MARSHALL, DAVID R. History of the Maltese Language in Local Education. Malta University Press, 1971; 128 pp.

Malta:

On the history and development of the teaching of Maltese in schools, colleges and universities. 991 MARSHALL, DAVID R. 'Two old Maltese poems.'

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992 MARTINET, ANDRÉ •La palatalisation "spontanée" de g en arabe.' 90-102.

BSL 54/1 (1959),

993 MARTÍNEZ RUIZ, JUAN 'Arabismos en el judeoespañol de Alcazalquivir (Marruecos) 1948-1951.' RFE 49, 1966 (1968), 39-71. Discussion of some Arabic words relating to Moroccan Arabic. Critique: Grossmann, Maria: RRL 14 (1969), 303-4. 994 MARTÍNEZ RUIZ, JUAN 'Un cantar de boda paralelístico bilingüi en la tradición sefardí de Alcazalquivir (Marruecos).' RFE 51, 1968 (1970), 169-81. 995 EL-MASRI, N. Le Parler Arabe d'Egypte. Thèse Doctorat d'Etat Linguistique, Université de Paris-Sorbonne, 1969? For an abstract, see Bulletin d'Information et de Liaison, CARDAN, Paris, 1971, No. 3; p. 47. 996 MASSÉ, H. 'Les études arabes en Algérie 1830-1930.' pp., bibliography.

RevA (1933), 98

997 MASSIGNON, LOUIS 'Eléments arabes et foyers d'arabisation: Leur rôle dans le monde musulman actuel.' RMM 57 (1924), 1-157. On the unifying influence of the Arabie language. 998 MASSIGNON, LOUIS 'Notes sommaires sur la formation des noms abstraits en arabe et l'influence des modèles grecs.' REI 8 C1934), 507-12. 999 MASSIGNON, LOUIS 'The value of Arabie as the custodian of culture.' 25-6.

IR 38 (1950),

Occidental 109

ÎOOO MASSIGNON, LOUIS 'Réflexions sur la structure primitive de l'analyse grammaticale en arabe.' Arabica 1 (1954), 3-16. ÎOOI MASSIGNON, LOUIS Essai sur les Origines Lexique Technique de la Mystique Musulmane. Études Musulmanes. Paris: Librairie J. Vrin, 1968; 456 pp. Reprint of Paris 1922 edn. 1002 MASSOU, I.S. Religious Folklore of the Bethlehem District in Jordan. thesis, University of London (external), 1963.

Ph.D.

1003 MAZHAR, MUHAMMAD AHMAD Arabic the Source of all the Languages. A Review of Religions Publications. Lahore: Sunrise Art Printers, 1963; v, 311 pp. 1004 MAZHAR, MUHAMMAD AHMAD English Traced to Arabic. Lahore: Sunrise Art Printers, 1967; v, 351 pp. 1005 MAZRUI, ALI A. 'Islam and the English language in East and West Africa.' Wort und Religion, Kalima na dini, E. Dammann zum 65. Geburtstag, 1969; 179-97.

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1006 MEHIRI, ABDELKADEK 'Etude morphologique et syntaxique de "Al-Qirä'a": premier livre de lecture arabe.' In: C343H, 1968, 129-45. 1007 MEHIRI, ABDELKADER Les Theories Grammaticales d'lbn Jinni. Ph.D. thesis presented to the Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines de Paris, Sorbonne, 1970. Later appeared as a Publication de l'Université de Tunis, Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humanities de Tunis, Sixieme série, Philosophie Littérature, Vol. 5. Tunis: The University Press, 1973; 460 pp. Discusses I.J.'s theories on phonetics, morphology, syntax, and his methods of analysis in detail. Review: Anghelescu, Nadia: RRL 16 (1971), 170-3. 1008 MEHREN, A.F.M. VON Die Rhetorik der Araber. Nach den Wichtigsten Quellen Dargestellt und mit Angefügten Textauszügen nebst einem Literatur-Geschichtlichen Anhang Versehen. Kopenhagen und Wien, 1970; 311, 140 pp. Reprint of 1853 edn. 1009 MEINHOF, C. 'Was sind emphatische Laute, und wie sind sie entstanden?' ZBS 21 (1920-1), 81-106.

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ÎOIO MEKHITARIAN, A. 'Tawfiq al-Hakim et Mahmud Taymiir face aux problèmes de l'arabe parlé.' AOB (1966), 137-54. lOll MELKI, HENRY Phonology and Verb Morphology of Afsdiki Arabic. M.S. diss., Georgetown University, 1970; viii, 85 pp., illus., charts, map. 1012 MANDOZA, NANCY Arabian Daze and Bedouin Knights: Arabic Rhetorical Theory to 1492. Ph.D. diss, in speech, Washington State University, 1973; 386 pp. DA 34/8, February 1974, 5365-A. UML Order No. 74-4119. The goal of this study was to discover the rhetorical theory developed during the first five periods of Arabic literary history—from the emergence of poetry to the Dark Ages of the Middle East. Scholarly, literary, and popular works were examined to discover and verify the rhetoric, especially speeches. 1013 EL-MENOUFY (=ELMENOUFY) , AFAF M. A Prosodic Approach to Egyptian Colloquial Arabic. Diploma diss., Department of Applied Linguistics, University of Edinburgh, 1963. 1014 AL-MERJANI, MAHMOUD KHALIL Some Phonological Problems Involved in the Learning of English by Native Speakers of Baghdadi Colloquial Arabic. M.A.L. diss., Brown University, 1965; vi, 67 pp., tables. 1015 MEYNET, RONALD L'Écriture Arabe en Question. Les Projects de l'Académie de Langue Arabe du Caire de 1938 à 1968. Publications de Centre Culturel Universitaire Hommes et Sociétés du Proche-Orient, 3. Beirut: Dar el-Machreq, 1971; 142 pp. Includes discussion of cultural, social and religious aspects of the problem of the reform of Arabic writing and printing. Reviews : Hamzaoui, M.R.: HJT 9 (1972), 301-7 (Arabic). Merad, A.: Arabica 20 (1973), 109-10. Sherwani, H.K.: IC 47 (1973), 355-6. 1016 MEZZI, AMOR 'Le lexique politique de l'arabe de presse.' (1967-69) , 182-8.

GLECS 12-13

1017 MICHAJLOVA, STOJKA ST., S.N. VIDENOVA, et al. Balgaro-Arabski Tematican renik. Dictionnaire analogique bulgare-arabe. Cast I, II, (With the co-operation of Abdul Rachman Hilal and Samir Daud). Sofija: Institut za Cuzdestranni studenti, 1970; ix, 398 pp., pp. 399850 illus. 1018 THE MIDDLE EAST CENTRE FOR ARAB STUDIES (MECAS) The MECAS Grammar of Modern Literary Arabic. Publications of MECAS, Shemlan, Lebanon. Beirut: Khayats, 1965; xviii, 264 pp.

Occidental 111

1019 THE MIDDLE EAST CENTRE FOR ARAB STUDIES (MECAS) A Selected Word List of Modern Literary Arabic. Beirut: Khayats, 2nd edn., 1969; 272 pp. 1st edn. Beirut 1959. This word list is compiled in order to prevent wastage of time and effort and to enable the students at the Centre to derive the utmost profit from his studies. Review: Latham, J.D.: JSS 5 (1960), 426-7. : "¿^aJI oL.lj.iIJ -tuoj Vl • 1020 MIFSUD, E. 'The demonstrative in Maltese."

cixJj-aJIft» III Q* ¡»jLii«» oUJi JFAM 7 (1971), 77-91.

1021 MIGNOT-LEFEBVRE Bilinguisme et Systeme Scolaire en Algerie. Ph.D. thesis, Università of Paris-René Descartes, 1971; 203 pp. On the social functions of bilingualism and its psychopedagogical implications. 1022 MILITAREV, A.Yu. 'Issledovanie S.S. Mayzelya v oblasti korneobrazovaniya semasiologii semitskikh yazykov.1 S.S. Maizel's work on the Semitic root-formation and semasiology. NAA (1973), No. 1, 114-21. 1023 MINGANTI, P. 'Arabo litterario e arabo dialettale in un articolo di M.M. Moreno.' OM 35 (1955), No. 3, 143-4. On literary and dialectal Arabic. in Arabic.

Defence of Linguistic dualism

See C1046H. 1024 MINGANTI, P. 'Semplificazione dei caratteri di stampa per l'arabo nella Republica Araba Unita.' Simplification of the Arabie printing characters in the United Arab Republic. OM 40 (1960), No. 10, 656-60. 1025 MINGANTI, P. 'Note sull'uso del dialetto nella stampa quotidiana in Egitto.' Concerning the use of dialect in the daily Egyptian newspapers. OM 41 (1961), No. 6, 502-6. 1026 MIQUEL, ANDRE 'La particule hatta dans le Coran.'

BEO 21 (1968), 411-36.

112 Bibliography

1027 MITCHELL, TERRY F. •The Active Participle in an Arabic Dialect of Cyrenaica.' 14, (1952), 11-33.

BSOS

Cf. C1347, p. 843. 1028 MITCHELL, TERRY F. 'Syntagmatic relations in linguistic analysis.' 101-18.

TPS (1958),

1029 MITCHELL, TERRY F. Colloquial Arabic. The Living Language of Egypt. The Teach Yourself Books. London: The English Universities Press, 1962; 240 pp. Reprinted in 1967, 1970, 1973. Review: Drozdik, Ladislav: AAS 3 (1967), 217-20. 1030 MITCHELL, TERRY F. 'Long consonants in phonology and phonetics.' In: Studies in Linguistic Analysis, Special Volume of the Philological Society. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1968 (reprint); 182-205 pp., fig. 1031 MITCHELL, TERRY F. 'Review of Elements of General Phonetics by David Abercrombie.' JL 5 (1969), 153-64. Reference is made to the Arab grammarians contribution in phonetic studies. Abercrombie's book was published by Edinburgh University Press, 1967. 1032 MITCHELL, TERRY F. 'The teaching of Arabic in Great Britain.' Supplement 20, 7 pp.

LR 11/2 (April 1969),

1033 MITCHELL, TERRY F. Writing Arabic. A Practical Introduction to Ruq'ah Script. London: Oxford University Press, 1970; i, 163 pp. Reprint of 1953 edn. 1034 MITCHELL, TERRY F. 'Aspects of concord revisited, with special reference to Sindhi and Cairene Arabic.' ArL, N.S. 4 (1973), 27-50. 1035 MITCHELL, TERRY F. and DAVID BARBER Introduction to Arabic. A BBC course of 15 lessons, together with Key to exercises and Glossary, 1972; 79 pp. Accompanied by a Pronunication Practice Record. Both are available from BBC Publications, London, W1A 1AR, England. 1036 MOlNFAR, MOHAMMAD DJAFAR Le Vocabulaire Arabe dans le Livre des Rois de Firdausi. Etude Philologique et de Statistique Linguistique. Thèse présentée à

Occidental 113

la Faculté des lettres de l'Université de Nauchâtel pour obteiner le grade de docteur es lettres. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz (Beiträge zur Iranistik series), 1970; xvi, 110 pp., diagrams, tables. 1037 MÖINFAR, MOHAMMAD DJAFAR Grammaire de l'Arabe et du Persan. Documents de Linguistique Quantitative. Paris, 1971; 140 pp. 1038 MÖLLER, DETLEF Studien zur Mittelalterlichen Arabischen Falknereiliteratur. Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Jagd 10. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1965; 169 pp. Reviews : Ullmann, Manfred: DLZ 89 (1968), 197-8. Wagner, Ewald: OLZ 63 (1968), 569-71. 1039 MONTEIL, VINCENT L'Arabe Moderne. Association pour l'avancement des études islamgiques, série 3, Etudes et documents. Paris: Librairie C. Klincksieck, 1960, 1960; 386 pp. Cf. C1185, it. 5003. For an Arabic summary, by Jamal al-Din al-Baghdidl, see LA 1 (1964), 76-84. Reviews: Cowan, William: Language 39 (1963), 329-32. Drozdik, L.: AAS 2 (1966), 184-5. Lecerf, J.: BSL 57 (1962), No. 2, 192-4. Petracek, K.: AO 31 (1963), 689. Reuschel , W.: OLZ 59 (1964), 54-8. 1040 MONTEIL, VINCENT "L'arabisation culturelle de l'Algérie.' 31-5.

Preuves (1964), No.l,

1041 MONTEIL, VINCENT 'The problem of modernization of Arabic.' In: The Modernization of Languages in Asia. Papers presented at the Conference of the Malaysian Society of Orientalists held in Kuala Lumpur from the 29th of September until the 1st of October 1967. Edited by S. Takdir Alisjahbana. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Society of Asian Studies, n.d. (1968?); 344-50. 1042 MOOSA, MATTI I. "The development of modern Arabic fiction.' 67.

IQ 13 (1969), 140-

1043 MORAG, SHELOMO The Vocalization of Arabic, Hebrew and Aramaic: Their Phonetic and Phonemic Principles. Janua Linguarum, Series Minor, 13. The Hague: Mouton, 1961; 85 pp., folded table. Reprinted in-1972.

114 Bibliography 1044 MOREH, S. Strophic, Blank and Free Verse in Modern Arabic Literature. thesis. University of London, 1966.

Ph.D.

1045 MOREH, S. 'Free verse (al-shi'r al-hurr) in modern Arabic literature: Abu Shad! and his school,'1926-46.' BSOAS 31 (1968), 28-51. 1046 MORENO, M.M. 'E lecito ai Musulmani 532-43. Polemics in different Islamic countries on whether it is permissible for Muslims to translate the Qur'än. 1047 MORSI, M.A. and A. KOS •Die Witterungsverben; Konfrontation Deutsch-Arabisch.' ZPhon 26 (1973), 35-46. 1048 MOSCATI, SABATINO 'Sulla flessione nominale dell arabo classico.' 171-82.

RSO 29 (1954),

1049 MOSCATI, SABATINO An Introduction to Comparative Grammar of the Semitic Languages. Phonology and Morphology. By S. Moscati, Wolfram von Soden, Anton Spitaler, and Edward Ullendorff. Porta Linguarum Orientalium, N.S. 6. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1964; viii, 185 pp. Reviews: Cantera, F.: Sefarad 24 (1964), 364-5. Emerton, J.A.: BSOAS 29 (1966), 146-7. Frank, R.M.: CBQ 27 (1965), 430-1. Hirsch, H.: WZKM 61 (1967), 17-21. Kutscher, E.Y.: AAS 2 (1966), 192-201. Vycichl, W.: BiOr 25 (1968), 26-34. Wernberg-Meíller, P.: JSS 10 (1965), 267-9. 1050 MOSTAFA, ABDEL-MONEIM ABDEL-HAY A. The Active and Passive Participles in Egyptian Colloquial Arabic. (Alexandrian Dialect). M.A.L. diss.. Brown University, 1965; iii, 65 pp. 1051 MOTZKIN, A.L. 'Some aspects of Judaeo-Arabic in the thirteenth century.' 15 (1970), 56-62.

JSS

1052 MUFTIC, T. Infinitivi Trilitera u Arapskom Jaziku. The triliteral forms of the verb in Arabic. Orijentalni Institut, Vol. 5. Sarajevo, Yugoslavia, 1966; viii, 199 pp. 1053 AL-MUHAMMAD, ABDALLA Some Aspects of the Noun Phrase in Nejdi Arabic. M.A. thesis, Department of Linguistics, University of Leeds, 1971; 35 pp.

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1054 MUHAMMAD, R.A.R. A Physiological and Spectographical Study of Baghdadi Vowels. M.A. thesis, University College of North Wales, Banfor, 1973; ii, 96 pp. 1055 MUHYEDDIN, I.A. Teaching and Testing English Structure in Secondary Schools in Iraq with Some Reference to the Comparative Approach. Diploma diss., Welsh College of Advanced Technology, Cardiff, 1966. 1056 MÜLLER, FRIEDRUN R. Untersuchungen zur Reimprosa im Koran. Inaugural-Diss. zur Erlangung des Diktorgrades... der Eberhard-Karls-Universität zu Tübingen. Bonner Orientalische Studien, N.S. 20. Bonn: Orientalisches Seminar der Universität, Tubingen, 1969; xi, 153 pp. Reviews: Petrácek, K.: AO 39 (1971), 378-9. Wansbrough, J.: BSOAS 33 (1970), 389-91. Watt, W. Montgomery: Islam 46 (1970), 312-13. 1057 MUELLER, WALTER WILHELM Die Wurzeln Mediae und Tertiae Y/W im Altsudarabischen. Eine etymologische und lexikographische Studie, Inaugural-Diss. zur Erlangung des Diktorgrades der Philosophischen Fakultät der Eberhard-Karls-Universität zu Tübingen. Gedruckt und Genehmigung der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Tübingen, 1963; 118 pp. 1058 MUÑOZ-JIMENEZ, RAFAEL Sintaxis Arabe. Tenerife, 1972; 119 pp. For a critique, see IBLñ 36 (1973), 170-1. 1059 MUNZEL, KURT 'Zur Wortstellung der Ergänzungsfragen im Arabischen.' 100 (1950), 566-76. 1060 MUNZEL, KURT 'Abu...als Intensitätsausdruck im ägyptischen Arabisch.' 111473:, 1969, 165-74. 1061 MURTONEN, A. Broken Plurals. Origin and Development of the System. E.J. Brill, 1964; xv, 76 pp.

ZDMG

In:

Leiden:

A study of the Arabic broken plural forms and their implications to the history of the Semitic languages. Cf. C1185, it. 1723. 1062 MUSA (=M0USA) , SALAMA 'Arabic language problems.' 1063 MUSLIH, OMAR T. Glossary of Petroleum Terms. Nahär, 1970; 47 pp.

MEA 6 (1955), 41-4.

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Beirut: Dar al-

XJaisJI o U J J = w > J I

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1064 MUSTAFA, Z. English and Arabic Idioms: A Comparative Study. Diploma diss., Department of Linguistics, University College of North Wales, Bangor, 1963. 1065 McCALL, D.F. 'Swahili loan words: Whence and when.' In: Eastern African History, edited by D.F. McCall, N.R. Bennett and J. Butler, Boston University Papers on Africa, vol. 3, 1969; 28-73. Dealing also with Arabic loans in Swahili. 1066 MCCARTHY, R.J. and FARAJ RAFFOULI Spoken Arabic of Baghdad. 2 vols. I: Grammar and Exercises; II: Anthology of Texts. Publication of the Oriental Institute of al-Hikma University, Linguistic Series, 1. Beirut: Librairie Orientale, 1964, xxxvi, 548 pp.; 1965, xxxvili, 571 pp. Cf. C1185, it. 607H. Reviews: Erwin, Wallace M.: JAOS 88 (1968), 575-85. Krotkoff, Georg: Islam 44 (1968), 298 on II. Schuman, L.O.: BiOr 27 (1970), 83-4. Singer, H.R.: OLZ 65 (1970), 478-81 on I. 1067 McCARUS, ERNEST and RAJI M. RAMMUNY 'Programmed materials for teaching Arabic script.' In: Proceedings of the Conference on Language and Language Behaviour. The Center for Research on Language and Language Behaviour. Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1966. Edited by Eric M. Zale. New York: Appleton-Crofts, 1968; 124-40, 4 fig. 1068 McKay, JYM MOTHERAL Restrictions on Reordering Rules in the Cairo Dialect of Arabic. M.A. diss.. University of Texas at Austin, 1970; iv, 63 pp. Thesis Code No. T1970/M192. 1069 McKAY, JYM MOTHERAL Syntactic Similarities in Arabic Diglossia. Ph.D. diss., University of Texas at Austin, 1972; 196 pp. DA 33/9, March 1973, 5155-A. UML Order No. 73-7602. Many grammarians have believed that the numerous Arabic dialects and MSA represent different grammatical systems. This study is an attempt to analyse a limited number of syntactic structures within the theory of Transformational Grammar which would provide evidence for syntactic similarities between the Cairo dialect and MSA, and to indicate how the study of certain structures may provide clues to the extent of the differences with which the native speaker is faced when he learns to read and write. 1070 MCDONALD, M.V. 'The order and phonetic value of Arabic sibilants in the Abjad.' JSS 19/1 (1974), 36-46.

Occidental

1071 McLOUGHLIN, LESLIE JOHN An Investigation of Some Features of Modern Standard Arabic. thesis. University of Leeds, 1969; 83 pp. 1072 McLOUGHLIN, LESLIE JOHN 'Towards a definition of modern standard Arabic. 1 (1972), 57-73.

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M.A.

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1076 NADWI, ABDULLAH ABBAS A Study of the Arabic Dialects of the Belad Ghamid and Zahran Region of Saudi Arabia on the Basis of Original Field Recording and an Examination of the Relationship to the Neighbouring Regions. Ph.D. thesis, University of Leeds, 1968; i, xi, 240 pp., 36 plates. A detailed analysis of the phonologies and morphologies of the dialects; and comparative analysis of the dialects concerned. 1077 NAHMAD, H.M. From the Arabic Press. A Language Reader in Economic and Social Affairs. London: Lund Humphries, 1970; 135 pp. With glossaries. 1078 NAIM, C. MOHAMMED 'Arabic orthography and seme non-Semitic languages.' In: Islam and its Divergence. Studies in Honor of Gustave E. von Grunebaum, edited by Girdhari L. Tikku. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971; 113-44. 1079 NAKHLA, RAPHAEL 'L'arabe classique et les dialectes neo-arabe.' 1, 15-25; No. 2, 148-69.

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1090 NASR, RAJA RAWFIK 'The morpho-phonemic forms of THE in Lebanese Arabic.' (1968), 7-10.

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1091 NASR, RAJA TAWFIK An English-Colloquial Arabic Dictionary: In Phonetic Script. Beirut: Librairie du Liban, 1972; xxii, 285 pp.

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1092 NASR, RAJA TAWFIK 'The phonetic environment as the determiner of the allophonic forms of THE in Standard Arabic.' PICPS 7 (1972), 743-5, tables (with discussion). 1093 NASSER, FATHI Emprunts Lexicologiques du Francais à l'Arabe de Origines Jusqu' à la Fin du XIXe Siècle. Ph.D. thesis presented to the Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines de Paris, 1965. Beirut: Imprimerie Hayek and Kamal, 1966; 657 pp. Review: Grossmann, Maria: RRL 14 (1969), 498-501. 1094 NEUBAUER, E. 'Die Theorie vom I q ä I . Übersetzung des Kitäb al-Iqä'ät von Abu Nasr al-Färäbl.' Oriens 21-22, 1968-69 (1971), 196-232, 1095 NEWBY, G.D. 'Observations about an early Judaeo-Arabic.' 212-21.

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1096 NEWBY, G.D. "The dependent pronoun in Semitic sind Egyptian.' 193-8. 1097 NEWTON, BRIAN E. 'Loss of /r/ in a modern Greek dialect.' 566-72.

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Especially p. 569 for an example from Arabic. 1098 NEYSÂRI, SALIM ' Treins literation of oriental words into Latin characters. ' JRCI 1/2 (1968), 5-11; and 1/4 (1968), 37-9. 1099 NIKOL'SKI, L.B. (ed.) Problemui Izucheniya Yazuikovoy Situatsii i Yazuikovoy Vopros v Stranakh Azii i Severnoy Afriki. On the languages of Asia and North Africa. (Russian text). Akademiya 'Nauk' SSSR. Institut Vostokovedeniya. Moskva: Izdatel'stvo 'Nauka', 1970; 255 pp. 27 contributions. 1100 NÖLDEKE, THEODOR 'Das klassische Arabisch und die arabischen Dialekte.' Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft. Strassburg, 1904, 1-14. 1101 NORRIS, H.T. Shinqltl Folk Literature and Song (Mauritania). Oxford Library of African Literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968; xiv, 200 pp. For a critique, see JRAS (1969), 177-9.

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1104 AL—NOWAIHI, MOHAMED 'A reappraisal of the relation between form and content in Classical Arabic poetry.' ACSAI 3, 1967, 519-40. Discussion of rhythm and stress, and application of traditional and new criteria for evaluation and methodology in the study of Arabic prosody. 1105 NWYIA, PAUL Exégèse Coranique et Langage Mystique. Nouvel Essai sur le Lexique Technique des Mistiques Musulmans. Recherches publiées sous la direction de 1'Institut des Lettres Orientales de e Beyrouth, 1 serie, 49. Beirut: Dar el-Machreq, 1970; 440 pp. Reviews : Lambrechts-Baets, Marie-Claire: Musêon 85 (1972), 301-3. Sourdel, D.: REI 40 (1972), 402-4. 1106 OBÉGI, MICHEL The Phonemic System of a Lebanese Arabie Dialect. M.A. diss., Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, 1971; 35 pp., illus. Thesis Code No. PJ6810, O 24; N.L. #8768 (S.F. University). 1107 OBRECHT, DEAN HUBERT Effects of the Second Format (F2) on the Perception of Velarization Consonants in Arabie. Janua Linguarum, Series Practica, 39. The Hague: Mouton, 1968; 104 pp. Cf. C1185, it. 127D. Reviews : Cohen, D.: REI (1969), No. 1, 169-72. Cohen, D.: BSL 64, 1969/2 (1970), 128. Petrácek, Karel: AO 38 (1970), 97-8. Wang, S-Y.: JAcS 45 (1969), 1582. 1108 OBRECHT, DEAN HUBERT 'Factors in the perception of some unvoiced stops in Arabic.' Word 26, 1970 (1973), 230-43. This study investigates the perceptual structure of Arabic. Emphasis is placed on the study of F2 and F3 transition onsets

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and the stop release burst. Spoken Arabic in Lebanon, Egypt, Jordon and Palestinian dialects. 1109 OEHLER, HEINZ and RAIF GEORGES KHOURY Grundwortschatz Deutsch. Deutsch-English-Arabic. Ernst Klett Verlag, 1970; 282 pp. 1110 OGNETOVA, G.P. '0 fonologicheskoy teorii v arabistike.'

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1111 O'LEARY, DE LACY Colloquial Arabic. With notes on the vernacular speech of Egypt, Syria and Mesopotamia, and an appendix on the local characteristics of Algerian dialect. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1971; xviii, 192 pp. Reprint of 1926 edn. 1112 OLIVER ASlN, J. 'Origen árabe de rebato, arrobda y sus homónimos. 1 347-395; 496-542.

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1113 OLIVER ASIN, J. 'El árabe "mory" en el vocabulario romance y en la Toponimia de España.' BRAE 24 (1945), 151-76. 1114 OLIVER ASiN, J. 'Les Tunisiens en Espagne, à travers la toponymie.'

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1116 OMAN, GIOVANNI L'Ittionimia Nei Paesi Arabi del Mediterraneo. Quaderni dell' Archivio Linguistico Veneto, 3. Firenze, 1966; xlviii, 295 pp., map. Reviews : Aquilina, J.: JMS 5 (1968), 82-3. Fleisch, H.: MUSJ 43, 1967 (1968), 266-8. Garbini, Giovanni: AION-O 18 (1968), 477. Petrácek, K.: AO 37 (1969), 120. Pellat, Ch.: Arabica 15 (1968), 219. Pisani, Vittore: Paideia 22 (1967), 347. Wagner, Ewald: ZDMG 118 (1968), 402-5. 1117 OMAN, GIOVANNI 'Problemi dell'ittionimia araba. 1

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1118 OMAN, GIOVANNI 'Osservazioni sull'ittionimia nei paesi arabi.' (1968-70), 197-219.

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1119 OMAR, AHMAD MUKHTAR Arabic Linguistic Studies in Egypt to the End of the Tenth Century A.D. Ph.D. thesis. University of Cambridge, 1966; 488 pp. Thesis Code No. Fitzwilliam College, Ph.D. diss.. Serial No. 5769. A general survey of the linguistic activity in Medieval Egypt with critical study of some of the works written at that time; Cf. E1868H. 1120 OMAR, MARGARET KLEFFNER The Verbal Roots of Modern Written Arabic: Classification and Analysis. M.S. diss., Georgetown University, 1967; iv, 143 pp. 1121 OMAR, MARGARET KLEFFNER The Acquisition of Egyptian Arabic as a Native Language. Ph.D. diss., Georgetown University, 1970; 539 pp. DA 31/5, November 1970, 2369-A—2370-A. UML Order No. 70-21, 294. Field research was carried out in an Egyptian village to investigate children's acquisition of CEA as a native language. 37 children were included in the study, ranging in age from six months to 15 years. Stages of linguistic development were described, from the babbling stage through mastery of the adult system. The goal of the study was to determine the rate and order of children's language development. Aspects of language development studied included characteristics of the physical and social environment, development of early speech and communication, development of the phonological system, development of early and the negative and interrogative transformations, and development of morphological inflections for nouns, adjectives and verbs. Findings were compared with those for other languages and generalizations made about child language acquisition. 1122 OMAR, MARGARET KLEFFNER The Acquisition of Egyptian Arabic as a Native Language. Janua Linguarum, Series Practica, 160. The Hague: Mouton, 1973; xix, 205 pp. A revised version of [11213. 1123 ORY, SOLANGE 'Les différents types d'écriture de la Busrâ bûrïde.' (1970), 305-27. 1124 OSMAN, ALI GAMAL ELDIN EZZAT Interrogative Form and Function in Cairene Arabic. University of Leeds, 1968; i, 411 pp.

MUSJ 46

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1125 OWEIDA, ALI MAHMOUD The New Medical Pharmaceutical Dictionary. English-Arabic. With three appendices on clinical data, incompatibilities of drugs and chemicals, and posological tables. Cairo: Dâr al-Fikr al-'Arabï, 1970; vi, 2404 pp. : mujc

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Occidental 123 1126 PADDOCK, HAROLD J. An Acoustic and Perceptual Study of Distinctive Features. Ph.D. thesis, University of London, 1970; 293 pp., plates, charts and diagrams. An experimental, instrumental study of the palatalisation of Russian and the emphatic consonants of Cairene Arabic. 1127 PALVA, HEIKKI Lower Galilean Arabic: An Analysis of its Anaptyctic and Prothetic Vowels with Sample Texts. SO 32, 1965; 171 pp. Originally a Ph.D. diss., Helsinki University. Reviews: Petracek, Karel: AO 39 (1971), 109-10. Singer, H.R.: OLZ 65 (1970), 55-61. 1128 PALVA, HEIKKI 'On the diphthongs aw and ay in Syrian Arabic.' 17 pp.

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1129 PALVA, HEIKKI 'Notes on the alleged Coptic morphological influence on Egyptian Arabic.• OS 18, 1969 (1970), 128-36. 1130 PALVA, HEIKKI 'Balgawi Arabic.' 1. Texts from Madaba. 2. Texts in the dialect of the yigul group. SO 40/1-2, 1969 (1971), No. 1: 13 pp. 2: 15 pp. Madaba is about 33 Km. south west of 'Amman, Jordan. 1131 PALVA, HEIKKI 'Notes on classicisation in modern colloquial Arabic.' 1969 (1971), 1-41.

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1157 PETIT, ODETTE 'Le Kitäb al-aJI J J o

1393 THOMPSON, BILLY BUSSELL Bilingualism in Moorish Spain. Ph.D. diss., University of Virginia, 1970; 195 pp. DA 31/9, March 1971, 4751-A. UML Order No. 70-26, 581. The evidence tends to support a more widespread usage of Arabic in Muslim-dominated Spain than some scholars have been willing to admit. In the bordering Christian and Muslim Kingdoms of the North, multiple examples of bilingual retainers and monarchs (especially in the 11th and 12th centuries) are cited. ArabicHispano-Ramance bilingualism appears to have been common among the officials and poets of the era. Thompson also reviews the linguistic divisions within the Peninsula and the widespread persistence of Arabic among the Moriscos through the 16th century. 1394 TIJANI, EL-HACHEMI "De l'arabisation.' HM 4 (1965), 35-49. 1395 TODARO, MARTIN THOMAS A Contrastive Analysis of the Segmental Phonologies of American English and Cairo Arabic. Ph.D. diss., University of Texas at Austin, 1970; viii, 112 pp. Thesis Code No. TD1970/T565 (University of Texas). DA 31/4, October 1970, 1786-A—1787-A. UML Order No. 70-18, 298. Utilizing full-scale descriptions, this study undertakes to locate the structural differences between the segmental phonologies of both languages. These differences are used to predict pronunciation errors which native speakers of Arabic will make when they are learning to speak English. 1396 TOLL, CARL CHRISTOPHER Al-Hamadäni Kitäb al-Jawharatain al-'Atïqatain al-Mâ'i'atain al-Çafrâ' wal-Baiçlâ1 . Die beiden Edelmetalle Gold und Silber. Einleitung, arabischer Text und Obersetzung. Ph.D. diss., Université Uppsala, Suède, 1968; 391 pp. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Studia Semitica Upsaliensia, 1. 1397 TOLL, CARL CHRISTOPHER 'Einige metrologische und metallurgische Termini im Arabischen.' OS 18, 1969 (1970), 142-52. 1. qafla; 2. mutawwaq; 3. saqüm; 4. zarsïm. 1398 AL-TOMA (=AL-TU'MAH) , SALIH JAWAD The Teaching of Classical Arabic to Speakers of the Colloquial in Iraq: A Study of the Problem of Linguistic Duality and Its Impact on Language Education. Ph.D. diss. (Education), Harvard University, 1957; xv,- 301 pp. Thesis Code No. HU 90.7104.25. (Harvard University).

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1417 TSERETELI (=CERETELE) , GEORGE V. 'The Aramaic dialects of Iraq.' AION 32, N.S. 22 (1972), 245-50. 1418 TSIAPERA, MARIA A Descriptive Analysis of Cypriot Maronite Arabic. Janua Linguarum, Series Practica, 66. The Hague: Mouton, 1969; 69 pp.

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1426 USHAKOV, V.D. 1 Idiomatichnost' kak svoystvo yazyka na raznuikh (na materiale arabskogo i drugikh yazykov). ' Idiomatics as an inherent feature of language at various levels (in Arabic and other languages) . NAA (1970), no. 3, 120-7. 1427 USHAKOV, V.D. 'Ustajchivye slovosochetaniya v sovremennom literaturnom arabskom yazyke.1 Fixed word-group in contemporary literary Arabic. 37-47.

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Cf. ROH 6 (1956), 181-206. 1437 VINNIKOV, ISAAK NATANOVICH Voprosui Filologii Stran Azii i Afriki. Essays in honour of I.N. Vinnikov. Russian text. Leningradskiy ordena Lenina i ordena Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni rosudarstvennay universitet imeni A.A. Zdanova. Izdatel'stvo Leningradskogo Universitet, 1971; 187 pp. 25 contributions. 1438 VOCKE, HARALD 'Musikalischer Rhythmus und Metrik. Ein arabisches Beispiel. In: Silvae. Festschrift für Ernst Zinn zum 60 Geburtstag. Dargebracht von kolleges Schülern und Mitarbeitern. Herausgegeben von Albrecht und Eberhard Heck. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1970; 245-52. 1439 VÖLLERS, KARL 'The system of Arabic sounds.'

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Reprint of 1906 edn. 1442 VYCICHL, WERNER 'Die Deklination im Arabischen.'

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1462 WANSBROUGH, JOHN 'Theme, convention, and prosody in the vernacular poetry in North Africa.' BSOAS 32 (1969), 477-95. 1463

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•Majaz al-Qur'an: Periphrastic exegesis.'

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On the grammatical exegesis of Abü 'ubaida Ma'mar Ibn al-Muthanna. 1464 WANSBROUGH, JOHN 'Africa and the Arab geographers.'

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Examining six terms that occur in Arabic writing on Africa: sahil, jubb, süsiyat, karazl, ka'bar, and zanj (cf. C755D). 1465 WEAVER, JOHN Diglossia in Cyrenaica: An Exemplification. sity of Leeds, 1970; 100 pp.

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1473 WEHR, HANS Festgabe für Hans Wehr. Zum 60. Geburtstag am 5. Juli 1969, überreicht von seinen Schülern. Edited by W. Fischer. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1969; viii, 196 pp. 1474 WEHR, HANS A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic.

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Reviews: BejIis, V.M.: PV (1960), no. 5, 199-200. Blachere, R.: Arabica 7 (I960), 225-36 (review article). Bloch, Alfred: GGA 213 (1959), 67-80. Fleischhammar, M.: OLZ 56 (1961), 388-92. Krotkoff, G.: WZKM 57 (1961), 228-30. Lewin, B.: Oriens 12 (1959), 244-6. Marchai, R.: RBPh 40 (1962), 227-9. Plessner, M.: RSO 35 (1960), 91-3. Spitaler, A.: DLZ 81 (1960), 611-16. Stern, S.M.: BSOAS 23 (1960), 585-7. Wagner, E.: Islam 36 (1960), 181-2. 1479 WEISS, BERNARD GEORGE Language in Orthodox Muslim Thought: A Study of "WaqT al-Lughah" and its development. Ph.D. diss., Princeton University, N.J., 1966; iv, 157 pp. 1480 WEISS, BERNARD GEORGE 'Medieval Muslim discussions of the origin of language.' ZDMG 124/1 (1974), 33-41. 1481 WETTINGER, GODFREY 'The distribution of surnames in Malta in 1419 and 1480s.' JMS 5 (1968), 25-48. 1482 WETTINGER, GODFREY 'Late medieval Maltese nicknames.'

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1483 WETTINGER, GODFREY and M. FSADNI Peter Cazaro's Cantilena. A Poem in Medieval Maltese. Malta: Lux Press, 1968; 54 pp.

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1485 WHITING, ROBERT M. 'The dual personal pronouns in Akkadian.'

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1486 WIKANDER, STIG 'A Central Asian loanword in Arthasätra.'

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Samüra = a skin (Arabic sammür). 1487 WILD, STEFAN Das Kitab al-'Ain und die Arabische Lexikographie. Ph.D. diss. München. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1965; viii, lOO pp. Cf. C1185, it. 3213. Review: Fück, J.W.: BiOr 23 (1966), 199-200. 1488 WILD, STEFAN '"Das Kapital" in arabischer Übersetzung.' 111.

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1489 WILLCOTT, PAUL JOSEPH An Analysis of the Written English of Native Speakers of Arabic as found in American History Final Examinations Given at the University of Texas at Austin. Ph.D. diss.. University of Texas at Austin, 1972; 207 pp. DA 34/2, August 1973, 755-A—756-A. UML Order No. 73-18, 512. An attempt to discover some of the unique problems which native speakers of Arabic have with the syntax of written English. More precisely, it is a taxonomic description of the problems which occur in a corpus, and it is a hypothesis that these occurrences are general with Arabic speakers who write in English. The most widespread and numerous problems revealed here concern definiteness, verb tense, and noun number. The people examined come from: Lebanon, Jordan, Libya, United Arab Republic, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Kuwait. 1490 WILLMS, ALFRED 'Inwieweit kann die Berbersprach forschung der hamitosemitischen Sprachvergleichung dienen.' Islam 44 (1968), 174-94. 1491 WILLMS, ALFRED Einführung in das Vulgärarabische von Nordwestafrika. Brill, 1972; xvi, 100 pp.

Leiden:

Covers the phonetics, morphology and syntax of the dialects spoken in North West Africa. 1492 WISE, HILARY Syntax of the Verb Phrase of Colloquial Egyptian Arabic: A

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Transformational Study. 276 pp.

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1493 WISE, HILARY 'Concord in spoken Egyptian Arabic.'

ArL, N.S. 3 (1972), 7-17.

1494 WISE, HILARY Transformational Grammar of Egyptian Arabic. Special Publications of the Philological Society. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1975. A study of the syntax of Cairene Arabic using the transformationalgenerative model. A revised version of C1492D. 1495 WOIDICH, MANFRED Negation und Negative-Sätze im Ägyptisch-Arabischen. InauguralDiss. zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophischen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München, 1968; 227 pp. 1496 WOIDICH, MANFRED 'Ein arabischer Bauerndialekt aus dem südlichen Oberägypten.' ZDMG 124/1 (1974), 42-58. 1497 WRIGHT, WILLIAM A Grammar of the Arabic Language. Translated from the German of Caspari and edited with numerous additions and corrections. 3rd edn. revised by W.R. Smith and M.J. de Goeje. London: Cambridge University Press, 1971; 2 vols., I: xviii, 317 pp.; II: xx, 450 pp. First paperback edn. 1967. Also published in Beirut by Librairie du Liban, with a preface by Pierre Cachia, 1974. 1498 YAMULKY, PERIHAN A Select Glossary of English Literary Terms (with Arabic Translation) . Baghdad: University of Baghdad, 1966. English-Arabic glossary: 52 pp. Arabic-English: 51 pp. :

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1

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6

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i ^ j N I ^ U J k ^ J IC-IJLL«

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1499 YASAMEE, ABDULLAH KHAN Contribution of the Spanish Arabs to Western Thought and Education in the Middle Ages. M. Phil, thesis. University of London, 1972. 1500 YASSIN, MAHMOUD AZIZ MOHAMMED A Study of Idioms in Colloquial Cairene Arabic. University of London, 1967; 204 pp.

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1501 YORKEY, RICHARD CLEMENTS A Study of the Practical Application of Structural Linguistics to the Teaching of English in Lebanese Elementary Schools. Ph.D. diss.. University of Michigan, 1960; 346 pp. DA 21/2, August I960, UML Order No. 60-2591.

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1559 AL-AFGHANI, SA'lD Min Târïkh al-Nahw. A study of the history and development of Arabic grammar. book. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1968; 215 pp.

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t ^jSLii^l ^ iiill aâà S jsl^i ^LyJi« ¡jSjtfyo* )

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1560

Q»

li.J.II OJLtUJI

AL-AFGHÂNÏ, SA'ÎD

Al-Mujaz fï Qawâ'id al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah. An outline of Arabie grammar.

Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1969; 380 pp. : ^Uiìfl JU*-»

(jJj'il ïi^JI ^l^i» ¿jsj • LA

\jjij Â^AJI SJLJJI otljS ^àjj-^JI • q b-J j

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1561 AL-AFGHANÏ, SA'ÎD Min Hâdir al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah. On Arabie today.

Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 2nd edn., 1971; 227 pp.

Dealing also with the diglossia in Arab countries; the future of Arabic in Syria; the function of the Academies. ! ^yLii^l -1» «.») * Qjuj^lII òLàJJI jtèL». Q* 1562 ADI SHÏR (=ADDI SHIRR) Al-Alfâz al-Fârisiyyah al-Mu'arrabah. The Arabicised Persian words.

Tehran, 1965; 194 pp.

Reprinted from Beirut (Imprimerie Catholique) 1908 edn.

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Oriental 173 1563 AFNAN, SOHEIL M. Philosophical Terminology in Arabic and Persian. Brill, 1964; 124 pp.

Leiden: E.J.

Cf. C1185, it. 385:. Review: Cabanellas, Dario: And 30 (1965), 189-91. 1564 AFNAN, SOHEIL M. A Philosophical Lexicon in Persian and Arabic. el-Machreq, 1969; 348 pp.

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Cf. £156311. 1565 AHMAD, MUHAMMAD KHALAFALLAH Buhuth wa Dirasat fi al-'Arabiyyah wa Adabiha. Studies on the Arabs, their language, literature, and culture. Cairo: Jami'at al-Duwal al-'Arabiyyah, Ma'had al-Buhuth wal-Dirasat al-'Arabiyyah, 1970; 304 pp. : •

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1566 AL-'AIDARUSI, ABD AL-RAHMAN S.M. Al-'Arab wal-'Arabiyyah. Studies on the Arabs and Arabic. 1964; x, 220 pp. •

Cairo: Dar al-Ta'lIf Press, At**" O^j-" •ftj^JlJI j L_JjJ»J I

1567 AL NA§IRUDDIN, AL-AMIR AMIN Daqa'iq al-'Arabiyyah. Jami' Asrar al-Lughah wa Khasa'isha. The characteristics and peculiarities of the Arabic language. Librairie du Liban's Linguistics Library. Beirut*: Librairie du Liban, 1968; 306 pp. This study attempts at improving the style of writing, helping the writer to avoid linguistic pitfalls, serving poets and prose writers as a guide to literary Arabic, and orienting specialists and orientalists to the philosophy of the language. First published in 1952.

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1569 AMIN, ABD ALLAH Al-Ishtiqäq. Derivation in Arabic. 463 pp.

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jj^OJI

^

'¿l

aJJI JLfi

• ¿jljy^JI ^JLyjJI bi 1572 AMIN, 'UTHMAN Falsafat al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah. The philosophy of the Arabic language. Al-Maktabah al-Thaqäfiyyah, Vol. 144. Cairo: al-Dar al-Misriyyah Hl-Ta'llf wal-Tarjamah, distributed by Maktabat Misr, i965; H O pp. Cf. C1185, it. 474D. : •

c^lo^

aJ ItiJulJI^

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Oriental 175 1573 AMIN, 'UTHMAN Fl al-Lughah wal-Fikr. On language and thought. With particular reference to Arabic. Publications of Jami'at al-Duwal al-'Arabiyyah, Ma'had al-Buhuth wal-Dirasat al-'Arabiyyah. Cairo: al-Nahdah al-Jadldah Press, 1966-67; 60 pp. : cx-1 0 U3c • jisJI } a.-i-LII Jjj 1574 'AMIR, 'AflYYA Lughat al-Marsah al-'Arabl. The language of the Arabic theatre. Acta Universitet Stockholm, Vol. 7. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell, 1967; 129 pp. Review: Pellat, Charles: Arabica 16 (1969), 91-2. 1575 AL-'AMLI, AHMAD RIDA Mawlid al-Lughah. On the evolution of the Arabic language. al-Hayah, 1956; 101 pp.

Beirut: Dar Maktabat

Dealing with the beginning and development of the language; the case endings. : ^UJI

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• cUJUl jJj. 1576

'AMM'ALI, TAJ AL-DIN

Al-Nur al-Mudl' fl Usui al-Qawa'id wal-l'rab. On Arabic syntax and morphology.

Beirut, 1971; 235 pp.

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1577 ABU AL-BARAKAT AL-ANBARI Zlnat al-Fudala' f I al-Farq bain al-Dad wal-Za'. A treatise on the distinction between d and z. Edited with introduction by Ramadan Abdel Tawab. Beirut: Dar al-Amanah and Mu'assasat al-Risalah, 1971; 133 pp. : • "UaJI j ¿LaJI ^

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176 Bibliography

1578 ANIS, IBRAHIM Al-Aswât al-Lughawiyyah. Phonetics. With special attention to Arabie. al-'Arabiyyah, 3rd edn., 1961; 205 pp.

Cairo: Dâr al-Nahdah ! J4i3 1

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1579 ANIS, IBRAHIM 'The contribution of the Arabs to phonetics.' 41

MMLA 15 (1962),

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1631 BENABDELLAH, ABDELAZIZ 'On the development of science and the language of technology in the Maghrib since the Middle Ages.' LA 8/1 (1971), 196-211 (Arabic part).

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1632 BENABDELLAH, ABDELAZIZ 'On the question of Arabisation.' part).

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LA 9/1 (1972), 7-12 (Arabic t

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1633 BENABDELLAH, ABDELAZIZ 'Concerning the controversy between classical and colloquial Arabic.' LA 9/1 (1972), 489-551; 9/2 (1972), 529-672 (Arabic part). : all I ¿1*1.; jjJ-*JI -i-fC o«L»Ji ^ is J la. oL,lj j

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• ajjjjJI 1634 BEN AL-'ARABI 'Concerning an Arabic dictionary of the dictionaries which appeared between 1869-1969.' LA 7/2 (1970), 160-84 (Arabic part). Critique: 'Abayjl, I.: LA 9/1 (1972), 440-8.

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1635 BEN KHAMIS, ABD-ALLAH 'On the language of the Bedouins.' (Arabic part).

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LA 8/1 (1971), 169-74

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Oriental 187

1636 BERGSTRAESSER, G. Al-Tatawwur al-NahwI 11 al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah. The development of Arabic grammar. 1929; 160 pp.

Cairo: al-Samah Press,

Application of the historical and comparative linguistic methods to the Arabic language.

• Ly^jJI SjJJ^^jJI J ^ J I 1637 BINT AL-SHATI', 'AISHA A.R. Lughatuna wal-Hayah. Lectures on the Arabic language. Cairo: Jami'at al-Duwal al-'Arabiyyah, Ma'had al-Buhuth wal-Dirasat al-'Arabiyyah, 1969; 227 pp. : ( "^LSJIcaJ O*»^! • »LaJJj LuLaJ

1638 BINT AL-SHATI', 'AISHA A.R. •On the secrets of the Qur'anic language." (Arabic part) .

LA 8/1 (1971), 11-37

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1639 BIRANI, FARAHAT HUSAIN Al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah wa Mashakil Ta'limiha fl Isra'il ka-Lughat Umm wa ka-Lughah Ajnabiyyah. On the problems of studying Arabic in Israel both as a first language or a foreign language. Jerusalem: Dar al-Aitam Press, 1972; 127 pp.

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1640 BISHR, KAMAL MOHAMED ALY •The alif in Arabic.' MMLR 22 (1967), 47-55. The traditional analysis of the long vowel a: in written and spoken contexts; and the corresponding modern analysis. : JJl.

JLi

188

Bibliography

1641 BISHR, KfiMAL MOHAMED ALY Dirasat fl 'Ilm al-Lughah. Studies in linguistics, with particular reference to Arabic. Cairo: Dar al-Ma'ärif, 1969. 2 vols., I: 236 pp.; II: 184 pp. A collection of 8 papers.

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1642 BISHR, KAMAL MOHAMED ALY 'Urn al-Lughah al-'Smm. II: Al-Aswät. General linguistics. 1970; 261 pp.

Part 2: Phonetics.

Cairo: Dar al-Ma'ärif,

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1643 BLACHERE, REGIS and OTHERS Dictionnaire Arabe-Franjais-Anglais (Lanuge Classique et Moderne). Arabic-French-English Dictionary. By R. Blachere, Moustafa Chouemi and Claude Denizeau. Paris: G.P. Maisonneuve et Larose. Cf. C1185, it. 39111. Tome I, fasc. 1-12, 1967; xxx, 746 pp. Tome II, fasc. 13-24, 1968-70, 747-1514. Tome III, fasc. 25-31, 1971-3; 1515-1962. In Progress. Reviews: Cohen, D.: BSL 63, 1968/2 (1969), 223-4 (Tome I). Pellat, Ch.: Rrabica 19 (1972), 204-6 (Tome I, II, 13-25). 1644 BLAU, JOSHUA 'On the Hebrew elements in Judaeo-Arabic. 1 12 (1957-58), 183-96.

Hebrew text.

Les

1645 BLAU, JOSHUA 'The reflection of dialects in the Medieval Arabic of the Jews, the so-called Judaeo-Arabic.' In Hebrew with English summary.

Tarbiz 27 (1957-58), 83-92.

1646 BLAU, JOSHUA 'Relative clauses in the peasant dialect of Bir Zeit.' Hebrew text. In: Ignace Goldziher Memorial Volume, Part II, edited by S. Lowinger, A. Scheiber, and J. Somogyi. Jerusalem: Rubin Mass, 1958; 119-29 (Hebrew section). 1647 BLAU, JOSHUA 'The character of Judaeo-Arabic.' In Hebrew with English summary.

Tarbiz 28 (1958-59), 362-74.

Oriental 189

1648 BLAU, JOSHUA Diqdûq ha-'Arabït ha-Jehudit shel Yemi ha-Benayim. A grammar of mediaeval Judaeo-Arabic. Magnes Press, 1961; x, 274 pp.

In Hebrew.

Jerusalem:

Reviews : Dietrich, Ernst Ludwig: Oriens 18-19, 1965-6 (1967), 515-17. Drozdik, L.: AO 37 (1969), 106. 1649 BUHAIRI, ABD AL-FATTAH Al-Tadmïn fï al-Nahw al-'Arabï. Tadmïn or implication in Arabic grammar. Ph.D. thesis. College of Arabic, Azhar University, 1970; 290 pp.

* ( / v ^ ' ^ 3 ^ ' ij Oi**3-" 1650 CHERBONNEAU, AUGUSTE Dictionnaire Arabe-Français (Langue Écrite). Beirut: Librairie du Liban. Tome Premier: A-S, 1973; x, 599 pp. ! jiyjjà i"unCy1 • ( J^BU! ÏJJJI )

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1651 ÇAIF, SHAWQI Al-Madâris a 1-Naljwiyyah. Schools of Arabie grammar.

Cairo: Dar al-Ma'ârif, 1968; 375 pp.

A general survey of the different Arabic grammar schools in the Medieval period in particular. » ¡Lj^JJI^JI-*-)!

1652 AL-DALÏSHÏ, ABD AL-LATIF Al-Amthâl al-Sha'biyyah fï al-Baçrah. Colloquial proverbs of Baçrah, Iraq. Press, 1968; 320 pp.

Baghdad: Dar al-TacJamun : ^ j J l u ^ k L J I -vt • ï^JI

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1653 DANDASHÏ, HASAN Al-Mu'tamad fi 'ilm al-'Arud wal-Bayln wal-l'rab. A textbook containing a simplified account of Arabic grammar, rhetoric and metre. Beirut: Dar al-Andalus, 1966; 255 pp.

190 Bibliography Contains the parsing of 200 poetical lines.

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