Bencʼnon. Ersasaguc maxsap. 7 kipil

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Benc’non Ersasaguc maxsap 7 kipil

Yeshasend: Tekle Gizaw Mender Nigusse

Pikasuc: Melkamu Meshesha Kompiteram pikasuc: Belexe Belachow Dontas Baykes

Maxsapa hac hal dabub kililaga ert biroa Benc’ Mazhi zonaga ert mamariama SIL Ethiopia Benc’ Mazhi zonaga projectambarstangi yiskue. መብቱ በደቡብ ብሔር ብሔረሰቦችና ህዝቦች ክልል መንግስት ትምህርት ቢሮ የቤንች ማጂ ዞን ትምህርት መምሪያና በኤስ.አይ.ኤል ኢትዮጵያ ቤንች ማጂ ፕሮጀክት ነው፡፡

Can

Gah ap kes

Gah ap kes

vyard----------------------------------------------------I Yirc 1 Dyad nac ----------------------------------------------------1 Yirc 2 Xisham nyav yent------------------------------------------17 Yirc 3 Ech ay bi edis----------------------------------------------32 Yirc 4 Ersatangi yiskend atsnd-----------------------------------45 Yirc 5 sovaga gaxs------------------------------------------------59 Yirc 6 Atsa bana dyam-------------------------------------------72 Yirc 7 Xhat tayv---------------------------------------------------82 Yirc 8 Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegide--------------------------97 Yirc 9 Gyars pugnd----------------------------------------------114 Yirc 10 Qal gixim-------------------------------------------------131

Vyard Vyard Napm kipil tamar nyavnd maxsapi Benc’nonam tamarni yiskend tamar nyavndi bá non gaham nababmia xsapia kasi haysi siskia hayxia bodam gah higa damba gaxsasni haknsueshn tatsi yeshnuc gah higa damba gizio.Ersasagend maxsapi tamar nyavnd maxsapkan yiskuc qayxsis bana qayxsasnsueshn ersasagendis gatsnaguca gizio. Tamar nyavnd maxsapi gapaga yitsa, dosnda kasi higa damba baqu bodam yeshnuca gizio.Tamar nyavndi bana era yiskucn dotnsi qay dyad dyadia xsapia nabab ertis irsnsueshn tatsi yeshnuca gizio.Yi petueshn ersasagendi ucn dontnsi tamar nyavndesh gatsni bá ertis itsayqni irsnsueshn hatsi koysti yiskue. Yi petueshn tamar nyavnd maxsapkan yeshnend tohndi yircam qodend yi ̋ max maxam od nababi yiskue.Endayqn nabab gobqan maxubabi haysi sistnsuc ertkan yeshnuca gizio.Dumarnd nababmndi yirc noti yiskucam toham qayxsi odaga ertndam maki bá non gaham itsayqndi hayxnsueshna, haysi sisnsueshna, nababmsueshna, xsapmnsueshna masti yeshnenda gizio.Gah dentkan yi ̋ max max ertnd dentkan kem yeshasi ucam egam ati hakasnsarguca gizio. Maxnasi maxnasn gatsni yiskuagon petasn estuc toheshn ab utsi koysti yiskue. Yi ̋ wurn tamar nyavndi yi ̋ odi ert bodam bá non gah higa xsapaga erta irsnsueshn masti yeshend dosndam yeshnuc yircn yisti yircn bá darazha baqnsi yiskuc bodam yeshnuca gizio.Yi petueshn ersasagendi yeshnend dosnd qayxsis tamar nyavndi ibaram qayxsnsueshn hatsi bá ket-atsnda bani oshtni itsayqni qayxsnsuc dosnd qayxs utsi wuci beqnsuci koysti yiskue.Ucam egamis tamar nyavnd ert hakis wuci dumarnd dos qayxs yeshasi itsayqni dosnsueshn hatsi koysti yiskue.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

I

Dyad nac

Yirc 1 Can1 ab 1 ert: Yirca hacaga tats Erta hac geshn tamar nyavndi • Dqlndis xamia beckia nababmsende • Yeshnend nababis nababmi naba qopa badasi hayxnsende • Naba qopa bodam anqaxs xsapnsende • Qalndeshn harkni yiskenda harknargend qala porsh utsnsende • X’on gah gobqan pidala gah malata iratis badasi pikasnsende • Nababis haysi sisknsi naba qopa tatsis badasi hayxnsende • X’on gah gobqan kuts besagend qalndis badasi hayxnsende

Can 1: 1nuc ab ert Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Nabab

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Xama becka Ni qayxe • Wo tamar nyavndo!yintayqn maxsapkan “xama becka” maki estend oxhndeshn hac amtsis maxn ni qayxsu geshn yintayqn dabtarn qayxsi besnde. Amts : “ku-cham” maki beckanqi estendis xama qal no qayxsan “kucham” atnsue.Uc geshn maxn yintayqn qaris konq maknsi maxn nababnde.

Qayxsnde Xam: xam max qal gobqan yiskend pidalndi maxn ati qal dyad yiskuc boda gizio. Beck: beck maki qala maxis qodi boknsi nababasni yiskuc boda gizio. 1nuc can 1nuc abm qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xam maki yiskucis xamnsi nababnde (4 deqiq).

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

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Kart 1. Qayxs 1 Hac dingam yiskend qalatnda becki estendis xam! Xsapmnsi nababnde. Amts:-kucham ‎→ ku - cham Xam

Beck

beshargueshna

be-shar-gu-eshn

tostueshna

tos-tu-eshna

badamuc

ba-da-muc

yiskueshna

yis-ku-eshna

gaxsasue

ga-xsa-sue

• Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana beckendis qalndis nababmi bá

nalndeshn sisnsueshn gatsnde.

Nbab (30 deqiqa) Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

Qayxs 2

• Gobtam atnsi gyav wosasaman tosti yistan yi ̋ debm gahnde. Uc geshn yintayn ersasagucn hayxnde. • Gyavi wosasaman tosti yistan yintayqni eri yiskucis hayxnde.

Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa)

Qayxs 3 • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “ Gyav” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmsi nabab ap gahis badasi ernde.Uc geshn yintayqni nababis wursu geshn naba qopais yintayqn nalndeshn hayxnde.

Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Qayxs 1 1nuc can 1nuc abm “Nabab geshnuc oxh” maki yiskuc tovqan Hac dungam oxha hac kamam Gyav maki yiskuc nababqan yisti keskendis karsnde.(8 deqiqa) utsnsi tamar nyavndi ibaram qayxsi yiskucis xishi beqnde.

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1. Gyavi qodi yisteo? 2. Gyav gaxsi hareo? 3. Shav gyavi hareo? 4. Shavi kayguc shidan gyavi iqni haknge? Yi ̋ debm gahnde. Kart: 1.nam 2.uceshna, giz yapeshna 3.bá bar p’oquc 4.Tamar nyavndi batatsis hayxni haknsende.

Can 1: 2nuc ab ert Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal porsh • Xsap Qal porsh (10 deqiqa)

Qayxsnde

Wo tamar nyavndo! Hac dungam yiskend qal porshis xsapmde. 1. zirn 2. shav 3. p’oq 4. goc Qal porsh (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Wo tamar nyavndo! Hac dungam yiskend qal porshis xsapmde. 1. zirn 2. shav 3. p’oq 4. goc Kart: 1.yarn 2.ba ́ badam badamuc inch zari maxn x’ongangi yiskuc 3.bezqi shidan xsoli 4.koystarguc koch

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Naba qopa bodam anqaxs xsap

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Ersasaguc maxsap

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Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Naba qopa bodam anqaxs xsap Niqayxs • Naba gyav tamar nyavnd maxsapkan 1nuc can 2nuc abm tarik xsap maki yiskuc tovqan amtsam hayxasnue.Ucaga anqaxs naba qopa wosasaman ustnangi yistan ni beqe. Qayxs 6 • Hac dungam estuc saxinis yintayqn hac aparqn qayxsi bequc bodam yito-

his kursi x’onc’nsi max ata bad intina kaz paragirap xsapmsdeshn yeshnde! • Hac dungam estuc saxinis yintayqn hac aparqn qayxsi bequc bodam yitohis kursi x’onc’nsi max ata bad intina kaz paragirap xsapmsdeshn yeshnde!

Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxs Gah maltnd: 1. Pidal ez:- Pidala ezi x’on gahis ni gadagucn yi gadmuc pidali ezam xsapmsue. - Pidala ezi ats suma, ded sum, timirt zartoha, dumarnd ni xsapagucn yi gadnuci pidala ezam xsapmdue. Amts:- Marta 2. Wur yix malat (.): Wur yix malati maxaga x’on gahi xsapi wuruc geshn yitsi yiskuc malata gizio. Amts:- Nama sov ucken. 3. Oxh malat (?): Maxaga gahis ni axhu geshn yi wurn yitsi yiskuc malata gizio. Ats:- Ni sumi oneo? 4. Nac malat (!): Nac malati maxaga gahis baxhi, shorshi, nihayxu geshn yi wurnyiti yiskuc. Ats:- Woro shid!

Can 1: 3nuc ab ert

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Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nabab • Haysi sis • Gah hig

Ibaram nabab Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “gyav” maki yiskuc toh debm yintayqni nababmuc nababqan yintayqni eri yiskucis yintayqn nalndeshn wodam wodam hayxnde. Qayxs 7 • Yizam yintayqni nababmuc nabab tohi hareo?

Nabab

Qayxs 8 • Yintayqn katsis konq maknsi gah malutndis ibaram gaxsasni nababmde. Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “gyav” maki yiskuc tohn yeshnuc nabab gobqan anqaxs maxa nama wodam wodam maxnasi nababman maxnasi haysi sisnsuc kasi haysi siskuci nababman nababmuci haysi sisn nababmnde.Haysi siski yistuci nababmi yiskueshn irati yisku petan yi ̋eshn pikasi hayxnmake.

Zalmi sov Sisnsuc tarik aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Qayxs 9 Sova zalmi masta yiskena Benc’ worada harqanan yistan hayxnde? • Hac “Zalmi sov” maki yiskuc nababi yintayqneshn shiknsue.Nababis yintayqni haysi sisaguc aparqn yintayqn maxsapkan estuc oxh debm yintayqn budin gahnde. • Sov gaxsi hareo? Tamar nyavndi bá gobtn gahnsi bana era yiskuc wosn karsnsende.

Sis (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac yintayqni gartnangi karsucis tatsi yisti yintayqneshn nababasi kucis soysi haysi sisnde.Yintayqni haysi sisagucn 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend oxharsnsue.• Hac yintayqni gartnangi karsucis tatsi yisti yintayqneshn nababasi y • Hac yintayqni gartnangi karsucis tatsi yisti yintayqneshn nababasi yiskucis soysi haysi sisnde.Yintayqni haysi sisagucn 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend oxhndis karsnsue. iskucis soysi haysi sisnde.Yintayqni haysi sisagucn 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend oxhndis karsnsue. 7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

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Sisnsuc tarik (20 deqiqa) Zalmi sov Sisnsuc tarik aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Qayxs 9 Sova zalmi masta yiskena Benc’ worada harqanan yistan hayxnde? • Hac “Zalmi sov” maki yiskuc nababi yintayqneshn shiknsue.Nababis yintayqni haysi sisaguc aparqn yintayqn maxsapkan estuc oxh debm yintayqn budin gahnde. • Sov gaxsi hareo? tamar nyavndi bá gobtn gahnsi bana era yiskuc wosn karsnsende.

Sis (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac yintayqni gartnangi karsucis tatsi yisti yintayqneshn nababasi yiskucis soysi haysi sisnde.Yintayqni haysi sisagucn 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend oxhndis karsnsue. • Wo ersasagend! Ersasaguc maxsapm “Zalmi sov” maki yiskucis yinti nababmagucn tamar nyavndi ap gahis kesi bá dabtarn uxnsi oxhndeshn kart utsnsueshn hayxnde. Qayxs 10 • Yintayqni ersasaguci nababmi yiskucis pikasi haysi sisnde. Zalmi sov sah Sova sah masti yiskuc sova p’ada haygn gagn shidan nyal qobalqan yisti tora sakaga debn kocki yiskuca gizio. Zalmi sov sah dabub Benc’ woradaqan yiskue. Sovaga saha ucis beqni ni makan aparqn hanqi daborq masta yisken dabub benc’ worada katam ni atnsue. Uc geshn katamm yisti kot ni hanquc geshn sovaga saha ucis ni yapmsue. Sovaga saha ucaga coram bá qeram qeram yiskend kochndi yiskende. kochnd end yisind: barzapa, bá qeram qeramed inch zarnda gizio. Sovaga sah uci yisn haygn yisti wortni yisi yiskuci amtsam nam bal metir atni haknsue. Sova uci myata gaxsi atseshn utsi yiskue. Gaxsa uc yisind: giznd ucaseshna, mav maseshna, guz maseshna dumarndeshna gizio. Zalmmi sov sahi gyara apm myataga gaxsis dabub Benc’ woradaeshna, zoneshna ezaga gaxsis utsni haknsue.Gaxsi uci korantaga tun atni haknsue. Uc yisind zalmi sov sahi mashinaga motor dontsn motora uci korant dyadnsue.

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Sova zalmi gaxsi ucagisn sova uci tovi bavnsargueshn soy maki ni baqnsuci koysti yiskue. Sova ucis yi ̋am ni baqnsuc bodi myata gizio. Boda end dentkan yi ̋ gadnuci sova ucaga gex’ corama yiskend dodn inch bá zaram zaram yiskendis toka gizio.

Sisnsuc tarik geshnuc oxh (10 deqiqa) Qyxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac yintayqni nababasn haysi sisknsi ap gah uxuc bodam estend oxhndeshn kartis yintayqn dabtarn xsapnde. • Hac kamam sisnsuc tarika “Zalmi sov sah” maki yiskuc yintayqn ersasauckan yist keskend hac dungam yiskuc oxhis karsnde. 1. Sova zalma harqanan yistao? 2. Sova zalma coram haragi yisteo? 3. Sova zalmi sahi haygn yisti wortni yisi yiskuci amtsam am bal metir atni haknseo? 4. Sova zalmai atseshn har gaxsan utsi yisteo? 5. Sova zalmai gyara apm har gaxsan utsnsue masti tatsi yisteo? Kart 1.Dabub Benc’ woradqan 2. Bá qeram qeram yiskend kochndi yiskende. 3. Nam bal metir atni haknsue. 4. Giznd ucaseshna, mav maseshna, guz maseshna dumarndeshna gizio 5. Gaxsi uci korantaga tun atni haknsue. Uc yisind zalmi sov sahi mashinaga motor dontsn motora uci korant dyadnsue. Gah hig Gah dyamasagend

Gah dyamasagend masti yiskendi x’on gah namis maxn dyamasi yiskenda gizio. Amts : Nama nansa shidan icha micha gabm hamsende. Gah dyamasaguc:shidan

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1. Kyana ezubaya bukna 2. Muz shidan abokadi gota eta ta wunsue. Qayxsnde • Hac x’on gah gobqan yiskend kuts besagend qalndis badasi yintayqni xsapmsue.Tamar nyavnd maxsapkan 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend gah hig maki yiskuc toqan estend x’on gah gobqan yitsi amtsga bodam gah dyamasagend qalndis nabab gobqan yitsi koyi kesi yintayqn dabtarn xsapmnde. • Yintayqni nababmue nabab gobm yiskend Gah dyamasagend gahnd koyi hayxnde.

Can 2: 4nuc ab ert Woyntenuc ert ab •Nabab •Xsap Nabab(40 deqiqa) Kuc shav Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxs 1 Shavi hareo? Yintayqni eri yiskucis yintayqn nalndeshn hayxnde. Qayxsnde • Hac “Kuc shav” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababaguc aparqn bá badam badamend dosndam usti har zar irat eti wunsan yintayqn budin gahnde.Uc geshn yintayqn gobtn yintayqni gahucis maxnasi donti kipilqan yiskend tamar nyavndeshn hayxnmake. Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa) • Hac “Kuc shav” maki yiskuc nabab tovqan estuc nababis yintayqni nababmagucn hareshn? Wosasam? Maki oxhi yisti kartis yintayqni yapmseueshn yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmnde. Qayxs 2 • “Kuc shav” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababmaguc aparqn sivilis soysi noti beqnsi hareshn hayxi yistan yintayqni erucis hayxnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh(25 deqiqa) Ni qayxse

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Qayxs 3 • Hac nababqan yisti keskend oxhndis pashtni maxn ni qayxse. • Shavi amam qodangi yisteo? maki yiskuc oxheshn nababqan yitsi ni karsan Kart: namame. Qayxsnde Hac 2nuc can 4nuc abm estend oxhndeshn yintayqni bequc amts bodam nababm koy shidendeshn kart yintayqn dabtarn xsapmnde. Hac dungam estend oxhndis yintayqni nababuc tarik bodam karsnde. 1.Svavi amam qodangi yisteo? 2.Nars masti yiskuci haran bá gobqan uxnsi yisteo? 3.Xsoxnd masti yiskendi hareo? 4.Inch zara masti yiskendis od xsapmde. 5.Shav gaxsis uc’ uc’ xsapmde. Kart 1.namam 2. wola obara,oksizhina, karbndayoksayda dumarnda bá gobqan uxnsi yiskuca gizio. 3. Xsoxnd masti yiskendi ats nyava bana yistargend budn shavqan aqi yiskend maka gizio. 4. giqua, wox’a, wora, ocka, satua, dumarnda gizio. 5.Tamar nyavndi maxsapkan koy xsapmsende.

Can 2: 5nuc ab ert Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Xsap Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Ta qyxs • Woynten qalndeshn harkni yiskend qalis koy ni qayxsnsue. “Dorg” maki yiskuc qaleshn harknarguc qali “Mat” maki yiskuc atnsue. Qayxsnde

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Wo tamarnyavndo! Hac yintayqneshn amtsa estuc bodam 2nuc can 5nuc abm qala estendeshn harkni yiskend qalis koy ingasi qayxsnde. • “A” tovqan estend qalndeshn “B” tovqan estendeshna pasha harkni yiskendis ingasnde. • A B 1.buyx A.oksizhina, karbondayoksayd 2.nars B.dodba, ger, panxs 3.coram C.go-inch, saxin 4.ket qixs D.shisham 5.xsoxnd E.dod Kart 1.E 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B

•

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Qayxs 5 1nuc can 2nuc abm yintayqni yeshasuc sanxarazh gaxsasni yintayqni kursuc toham maki yiskucis 3 paragirap xsapmde. Qayxsnde • Hac 2nuc can 5nuc abm “Tarik xsap” maki yiskuc tovqan “Yintayqni kursuc toham” maki yiskuc tohis gaxsasnsi anqaxs xsapnde.Uc geshn yintayqni xsapuc tarikis wodam wodam donti yintayqn nalnden nababmnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana xsapuc tarikis donti wodam wodam nababmnsueshn zoysasnde. Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxse •2nuc can 5nuc abm “xsapaga hig” maki yiskuc tovqan gah malat maki yiskucis yizam yintayqni tamarnue. Ucaga bodam hac dungam estend oxhndeshn kartis xsapmde. Qayxs 6 • Yzam yintayqn tamarnu bodam gah malatndeshn amts xsapmnde. 1. Ez pidal __________________________________ 2. Wur yix malat ____________________________ 3. Oxh malat _______________________________ 4. Nac malat _______________________________ Kart Gah maltnd:

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- Pidala ezi ats suma, ded sum, timirt zartoha, dumarnd ni xsapagucn yigadnuci pi-

dala ezam xsapmdue. Amts:- Marta 2. Wur yic malat (.): Wur yic malati maxaga x’on gahi xsapi wuruc geshn yitsi yiskuc malata gizio. Amts:- Nama sov ucken. 3. Axh malat (?): Maxaga gahis ni axhu geshn yi wurn yitsi yiskuc malata gizio. Ats:- Ni sumione? 4. Nac malat (!): Nac malati maxaga gahis baxhi, shorshi, nihayxu geshn yi wurnyiti yiskuc. Ats:- Woro shid!

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 2: 6nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Kuc shav Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Yizamuc nabab tohi haredhn hayxi yisteo? Ta qayxs • Wo tamar nyavndo! “Kuc shav” maki yiskuc nabab anqaxs maxis bá badam badamuc bodam tana nababm haysi sisnde.Uc geshn yintaqni tana nababm siskuc bodam maxis kursnsi yi ̋ wosn harkasi nababmi sisnde. Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • “Kuc shav” maki yiskuc nababis qalndis pidalis gah malatis endeqnis tatsi yisti yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam ibaram nababmnde.Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmaguc itsayqn dentkan wobti yisti zoysasnde.

Hayx (20 deqiqa) Gapmndis nacki hayx Yintayqi xsapuc tarikis yintayqn malndeshn hayxnde. Yintayqn nalndi sisknsi ba tatsis hayxnmake. Ta qyxs

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Ersasaguc maxsap

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• Wo tamar nyavndo! Gapmdidis naci hayx maki ni beqi erargend gahndis

kappa ucn hanqi ni bequ geshn gapa uceshn atsa dumarseshn qay gais hayx maka gizio. Qayxsnde • Hac kasi maxaga gobtn uc’as uc’as atnsi gapa maxn wucasi besti yiskend gahndi yistan ab uxasi hanqi beqi yevnsi nacki xsapi yintayqn nalndeshn kipiln nababmde. Gah hig X’on gah dyamasagend Qayxs 8 X’on gah dyamasagend galndis gaxsasni x’on gah qayxsnde. 1. - a 2. yipetan 3. ucagisn 4. shidan Kart 1.Nama gabm yitsa muza z’onga sama kiza duqasha zhega…gota eta yeven. 2.Nasa neka haki Kabad yipetan yi ̋ xsegeo. 3. Sova zalmi gaxsi ucagisn sova uci tovi bavnsargueshn soy maki ni baqnsuci koysti yiskue. 4. Nama nansa shidan icha micha gabm hamsende.

Can 3: 7nuc ab ert Can1 ab 7nuc ert Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qal ert • Qalnd beck • nabab

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) beck Tá qayxse •Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis xam ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan amts atnsueshn xam ta nababmnsue. •Qay-xs-e-sh-na ”maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “qayxseshna” petnsue. •Hac kasi “Gi-xs-e-sh-na” maki yiskucis becka ta nababman “gixseshna” petnsue.

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Ersasaguc maxsap

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Qal ert (10 deqiqa) beck Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis xam ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan amts atnsueshn xam ta nababmnsue. • Qay-xs-e-sh-na ”maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “qayxseshna” petnsue. • Hac kasi “Gi-xs-e-sh-na” maki yiskucis becka ta nababman “gixseshna” petnsue. • Qalndis xam yinti nababmagucn bordn xsapi wodam wodam tamar nyavndeshn besnde. Ni qayxse • Wos maxn “Qay-xs-e-sh-na” maki yiskuc qalndis xama no nababme. Xama no nababman “qayxseshna” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. • Shidnd qalndis uc bodam qayxsnde. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can 1 ab 7nuc ertn qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndis xam nababmnde.Qala “Dy-ad ” maki yiskucis xami nababmnde.Uc geshn “dyad” maki karsni haknsnde.

Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Dyad tun baq Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde •“Dyad tun baq” maki yiskuc ap gah yintayqn nababmargu aparqn yintayqn maxsapm can1 ab 7nuc ertn “dyad tun baq ” maki yiskuci tovqan estend qal tohn gahnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde.

• Uc geshn nababeshn yeshuc sivilis noti beqnsi haran yintayqn erasni hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Soy maknsi hac esn dyad tun baq maki yiskuc nababeshn yeshuc sivil noti beqi yintayqn tatsis yintayqn hayxue.Yintayqn tatsis ibar petuca petargucis nababis yintayqn nababmi wursan yintayqn ernsue.Hac esn yintayqn kangi yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababis nababmnde.

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Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab7nuc ertn “dyad tun baq” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn kay yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi ap gah yapmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd nababmsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqndeshn koysti yiskuc gats gatsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd ibaram nababmi yiskucis xish beqnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • Hac dungam yintayqn nababmuc nababqan yisti keskend oxhndis yintayqn karsargu aparqn max oxhis pashtna no karse. 1.Dyad tuni am bodam qodi yisteo? hara hareo? • Oxh kartis bordn yinti xsapmi tamar nyavndi bá dabtarn xsapmako. 1.Bavangi yapsti yiskend dyad tun ni makn har makeo? • {Tamar nyavndi karsnsnde.} • Uc bodam dumarndis qayxsnde

Can1 ab 8 nuc ert Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • xsap Ni qayxse • Can1 ab 8nuc ertn qalndis porsham ingas maki yiskucis wos pashtn no qayxse. 1. Dyad tun – ( D) dyastend Qayxsnde Amtsa hac kam no qayxsuc bodam dumarndis qayxsnde. Kart: 2. C 3.B 4.A 5.A

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (20 deqiqa) Ap gaham paragirap xsap

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Can1 ab 6nuc ertn “Xisham nyav yent debm bá badam badamuc tatsnd” maki yiskucis yintayqn nababmi peshkue.Hac nababa yintayqn uyxam yizam nababmi peshkucis karsi pikasi xsapmnde.

Xsap hig (10 deqiqa) Malatndam gaxsas •Cana maxn aba nam cana namn aba uc’n xsapuc nababis karsi woshnde. Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Can1 ab 9nuc ert

Ket qayxs ( 5 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • Can1 ab 8nuc ertn paragirap xsapis yintayqn malatndam pikasi xsapi peshkue. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi (yiho) maki hayxnsnde. Ibaram nabab (15 deqiqa) Dyad tun baq Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • Dyad nac maki haragisn yintayqn tatsi yiskucis hayxnde.Wo tamar nyavndo! yintayqn nala maxi nababmi dumarndi haysi siski hac dungam yiskuc sanxarzhqan“ ”᷄ yintayqn barqn wucasnde. • {Tamar nyavndi bá maxsapm xsapndis hayxasnu bodam karsnsnde.}

Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Hayx (15 deqiqa) Bá qer tats hayx Qayxsnde

•Can1 ab 8nuc ertn “dyad tun baq” maki yiskuc nababis yizaman yintayqn

nababmue.Wos hac “dyad tun baq” maki yiskuc tohn yintayqn tatsa petucis akam hayxnde( 5 deqiqa). •Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. •Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi dentkan wopti itsayqn qayxsi yiskuc qayxsis wuci beqnde.

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• Uc geshn tamar nyavndi kart karsnsnde.

• Soya gizio!maknsi dumars tamar nyavndi tatsis sisnde.

Gah hig (10 deqiqa)

• Hac dugam gah dyamasagendam gaxsasni nam nam peti yeshnd kay x’on gahndis maynt x’on gah hatsnde. • Can1 ab 9nuc ertn yintayqn gah dyamasagendam gaxsasni nam nam peti yeshnd kay x’on gahndis maynt x’on gah hatsnde. • Amts : {Buyxeshn katsi kaygue ucagon yi petasn buyxi kats xhimnsi yiskue.} 1. Belin nyaxsqan mva. Belina akum ketn hammaka. • {Belin nyaxsqan mva uceshn akum hammaka.} 2. Tamarni gaxsi yiskue. Tamarni itesargue. • {Tamarni gaxsi yiskue ucagisn tamarni itesargue.} 3. Ketnina bá dabtar yeshasa. Ketnina ert ketn hanqen. • { Ketnina bá dabtar yeshasa ucam ert ketn hanqen.} 4. Belin ketnin giras muz gotnde. 5. { Belina ketnina girasa muz gotnde.} 6. Ketnina soy mak nababmen. Ketnina wucn egam aten. • { Ketnina soy maka nababmen uceshn wucn egam aten. }

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Can1 ab 1 ert

Yirc 2 Xisham yent xisham yent Yirc tatsnd Erta hac geshn tamar nyavndi: • Qalndis beck xam nababmnsnde. • Xsapkan ap gah hayxnsende. • Nabab pikasi nababmnsende. • Qalndeshn porsh utsnde. • Xsap nababmi yi ̋ tatsis uyxam hayxnsnde. • Malatndis koysti yiskuc kutsn gaxsasnsnde. • Haysa bana siskuc nabab tatsis hayxnsnde. • Bana tamarnuc qalndam gaxsasi bá tats hayxnsnde. • Qast qalndam gaxsasi x’on gah qayxsnsnde. • Qal dyamasagend x’on gah qayxsnsnde.

Can1 ab1nuc ert Xisham yent porsh Woyntanuc ert toh: Qalnd ert Nabab

Qalnd ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis becki ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan amts atnsueshn becka ta nababmnsue. • “Xsoxsasergende” maki yiskucis beck ta nababman “Xsoxs – a – se – r – ge – n – de” petnsue. • Hac kasi “Gebmsueshn” maki yiskucis becka ta nababman “Geb – m – su - eshn” petnsue. •Qalndis beck yinti nababmagucn bordn xsapi wodam wodam tamar nyavndeshn besnde.

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• Ni qayxse • Wos maxn “Xisham yent” maki yiskuc qalndis becka no nababme. Becka no nababman “Xish- am- yent” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. • Shidnd qalndis uc bodam qayxsnde. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can 1 ab 1nuc ertn qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndis beck nababmnde.Qala “Yisnsueshn” maki yiskucis beck nababmnde.Uc geshn “Yist – su - eshn” maki karsni haknsnde. • Shiducis uc bodam qayxsnde.

Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Xisham yent porsh Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde

•“Xisham yent porsh” maki yiskuc ap gah yintayqn nababmargu aparqn “Xisham yent” maki yiskuci haran hayxnde. •Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. •Uc geshn nababeshn yeshuc sivilis noti beqnsi haran yintayqn erasni hayxnde. •Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. •Soy maknsi hac esn xisham yent maki yiskuc nababeshn yeshuc sivil noti beqi yintayqn tatsis yintayqn hayxue.Yintayqn tatsis ibar petuca petargucis nababis yintayqn nababmi wursan yintayqn ernsue.Hac esn yintayqn kangi yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababis nababmnde.

Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

• Can1 ab1nuc ertn “Xisham yent porsh” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn kay

yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi ap gah yapmnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqndeshn koysti yiskuc gats gatsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd ibaram nababmi yiskucis xish beqnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • Hac dungam yintayqn nababmuc nababqan yisti keskend oxhndis yintayqn karsargu aparqn max oxhis pashtna no karse. • Xisham nyav yent maki hareo? • Oxh kartis bordn yinti xsapmi tamar nyav bá dabtarn xsapmako.

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• (Xisham nyav yent maki yent dentkan yiskuc berg p’ada gizio.) Qayxsnde • Hac esn ab yintayqn hatsa gizio.Hac kamam nabab bodam no qayxsuc amts bodam yintayqn maxsapm can1 ab1nuc ert tovqan xsapuc nabab geshnuc oxhis qayxsnde. • Yintayqn estuc ab dentkan (2 - 5) yiskucis oxhis qayxsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! 8 deqiqa dentkan tamar nyavnd dentkan wopti itsayqn qayxsi yiskuc qayxsis wuci beqnde. • Wo ersasagendo! Xishan yent porsh maki hareo? maki yiskuc oxhi karsade? • (Xisham nyav yent maki nyavi doysn doysn shidan nekn yesnsargueshn nabe maka gizio. Xisham yent maki ket atsndi shidan baba bayai oshtnagi nyavis yesi shidan yeli yiskuc maka gizio.) • Soy maknsi nyava pyadi kobcnsi hareshnan koystadeo? • (Nyavis soy maki besti koystargu yisti iqnsueshna mayt bana yesn nyavi pursti haybmia shidan torsni haknsueshna gizio.) • Soy maknsi shidnd oxhnda (3,4,5) ketn qayxsnde. Woyntanuc ert toh: • Qalnd • Xsap

Can 1 ab 2nuc ert

Ketn qayxs (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

• Woyntanuc ert ap gah no gadargu aparqn yizam ket qayxsa estucis oxhis

karsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd yizam estuc ketn qayxs oxhis kesnsueshn hayxnde. • Xisham yenti har nabmnsue? • ( Xisham yenti gira nyava yanxs woxa baya woxa nabmnsue.) • Bergi x’onargu yistn bes vyardi har hatsnsue? • ( Nyava gebsnsue, gira yentam goqn woxeshn maynis hatsnsue,karxseshn hatsnsue.) • Tama nyartna berg dungam yisti bes vyarsi shidan vyardi yenti har masti yisteo? • (berg x’onargu vyard.) • Tamar nyavnd tatsn donsi kart karsi beshasnde.

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa)

Qalnda x’onargu gaheshna porsh uts Ni qayxse

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• Hac “xisham yent porsh” maki yiskuc nabab gobqan yisti keskend qal-

ndeshna x’onargu gahndeshna porshis yintayqn nababmargu aparqn max amts pashtni ni qayxse. • Bergi x’onargu yistn vyard maki har makeo? • (Nyavnd bergi x’onargu yistn bes shidan masht yarsnd. ) • Oshtnangi yent (Paragirap -1) • (Qalis bordn tamar nyavndeshn xsapmnde.) • Wo tamar nyavndo! handwoxned oxhis ni karsnsueshn nabab nababma qali hareshnan xsapasn no ernsue koysti yiskue.Amtseshn “Oshtnangi yent” maki yiskuc x’onargu gahis nababa maxn yi ̋ porshi har atnsue. • (Gartni maka gizio.) Qayxsnde • Hac esn abi yintayqn hatsa gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can1 ab2nuc ertn qalndaga porshis maki yiskuc tovqan xsapu qalndeshn nababqan porsh koyi utsnde ( 5 deqiqa .) • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavnd qayxsi yiskuc qayxsis itsayqn dentkan wopti gatsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd dadn kart sisknsi bordn pikasi tamar nyavndeshn xsapmnde. • Karxseshn (Paragirap –4) : nyava wox. • Gebmnsue (Paragirap -4, 5,6) : beshas.

Xsap (25 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (15 deqiqa) Nabab gobqan ap gah kesi yeshas

Tá qayxse • Saxarzhis qodnsi ap gahis wosasam yeshnsan tá yintayqn bese. • Tamar nyav maxsapm can1 ab 2nuc ertn paragirap xsap maki yiskuc tovqan pasht saxarzh bordn xsapmnde. • Xisham yenti gaxsi: • (Gir naba ,nyava baya wox naba …… dumarnda gizio.) Xisham yentesarguc • Nyav tohn eti wunsuc irat • ( Gira nyava baya woxa karxsa ……. dumarnda gizio.) Qayxsnde • Hac kam estuc amts bodam dumars kartis nabab nababmi hayxnde.

Xsap hig (10 deqiqa)

Malatnd gaxs Tá qayxse • Hac yintayqn maxsapm can1 ab 2nuc ertn xsap hig maki yiskuc tovqan bá badam badamuc malatndam x’on gah yintayqndeshn estue.X’on gah dentkan yiskuc malatndis zar badasi yintayqndi gaxsasnsueshn yintayqndeshn tá bese.

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• ! nac malata • ? oxh malat • Dok malata • “” yi tuni ats hats petuc besaguc malat Malatnda endis x’on gahqan itsayqn gaxsis yintayqn tá hayxe. • Nac malati (!) ni katsis konq maknsi ni hayxana zolaga tatsa ni hayxnsueshna gaxsi yiskue.

• Oxh malati (?) oxh qalndam gaxsis oxhis oxha gizio. • Doki(.) x’on gah yix petuc bes yiskue. • Yi tuni ats hats petuc besaguc malati (“”) gahi shidan xsapi ats hats

petuc bes yiskuc malata gizio.

Qayxsnde • Hac tá qayxsuc bodam xsap hig tovqan yeshnd oxhndis karsnde. • Ha buri kart ! makarada? • (Ha buri kart ! nans shidan nama mit baxha yiskuca ,makarada? maki yiskuci oxh malata gizio.Ucisind makarada? Kartu maka tá hayxa hareshnana ichadao? maki yiskuca gizio.) • Uc woxn dumarndis qayxsnde.

• •

Woyntanuc ert toh: •

Ibar nabab sis Gah hig

Can 1 ab 3nuc ert

Ibar nabab (10 deqiqa) Xisham yent porsh Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Tá qayxse • “Xisham yent porsh” maki yiskuc nababqan tatsi yintayqn yiskucis hayxnde? • (Tamar nyavndi tatsa bana yiskucis hayxnde.) Nabab yits ( 8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac esn “Xisham yent porsh” maki yiskuc yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti max deqiqa nababmnde.

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• Uc geshn tamar nyavndi max deqiqa bá kats sisargu nababmnsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi nababmnsi amaga qalnda bana nababmasni hayxnsueshn hatsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd bana nababmuc qalndis pyadi hayxnsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi dentkan mayt qalndis nababmndi bana yista donti nababmnsueshn hayxnde. Sisnsuc nabab (20 deqiqa) “ Yent” Aparqn haysi sis ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • “Yent” maki yiskuc ap gah haran yintayqn harki yistan hayxnde. • (Tamar nyavnd bá badam badamuc tats hayxnsnde.) • Soy maknsi nababis yintayqn siskuc geshn yintayqn tatsi ibar petuca petarguca wucnde. Nabab yits ( 5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde •Hac esn “yent” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn tana nababmnsue haysnsi sisnde. Sisnsuc nabab Yent Dod hac tohn ezaga irat ati besti yiskuci ats pyad qaza baynda nyava yanxs woxa puga bela end bayam besti yiskende.Baya nyava yanxs woxai yi ̋ gadnuc kuts uxangue. Ucagisn xisham nyavis yenti nyavi soyaga kutsn atnsueshn gatsnsue. Uceshn ats xisham nyav yeli xisham irsnsue koysti yiskue.Hareshn ni makn xisham yeski qamtsuc nyavi ezaga bom kutsn atnsue.Ezaga bom kutsn ni nyavndis ni atsnsueshn zol gizi ni dadn yitsnsu koysti yiskue. Uceshn gizi nyavndaga pyad kam atnsu koysti yiskue.Kasi nyavndeshn koysti yiskuc qayxsndis ni x’onc’sueshn gizi koysti yiskue.Ucagisn soyaga ert-ketn nyavndi tamarsnsu zolaga gizi no dadn yistana gizio. Uceshn nyavis nona yelargu aparqn haraman yisi iqnsan no tatsnsu koysti yiskue. Xisham yent mavi mvi kayesargi nyava yeskuc soyaga tatsam iqi ezaga kutsn beshnshue koysti yiskue.Ucagisn nyavndis yi ̋am no irsnsu gizis ernsa no yelnsu koysti yiskue. Nabab geshnuc oxh (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde “Yent” maki yiskuc nababqan ap gahis yintayqn siskucis hayxnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd bá tatsis hayxnsnde. Can1 ab 3nuc ertn haysi sis ert maki yiskuc tovqan oxh (2,3) qayxsnde.

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Gah hig Kuts bes Tá qayxse • Hac esn ni tamarnsue kuts bes maki yiskuca gizio.Kuts besnd dumarnd qala bana bá xamaseshn bá kay yisti porsh utsn hakargende. Amtseshn: 1.Kouzhui gyarn bá qayxs wursu. Kouzhui purqn hanqu. ( Kozhui gyarn bá qayxs bá wursueshn purqn hanqu.) 2 .Ketnina bá nalnda bana cuna yisken. Ketnina soy qayxs qayxsa yisken. (Ketnina bá nalnda bana bá cunueshn soy qayxs qayxsa yisken. ) Ni qayxse •Hac esn wos pashtna x’on gah no qayxse. 3 .Gena zol tamar nyava gizio. Gena yi ̋ maxnuc cac’ yaken. ( Gena zol tamar nyava bá petueshn yi ̋ maxnuc cac’ yaken.) Qayxsnde •Wo tamar nyavndo! hac kam qayxsuc amts bodam oxha (can1 ab3nuc ertn oxh: 4) qayxsnde.Tamar nyavndi ( 5 deqiqa) dentkan qayxsmako. •Wos yintayqn qayxsucis yintayqn nalndn karsi besnde. •Uc geshn ( Erti soy petueshn ert ketn no hame.) •Zolas! Shidan zolin! maknsi bordn kartis dumarnd tamar nyavndeshn xsapmnde. Xisham yent debm badam badamuc tatsnd

Can 2 ab 4nuc ert

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Nabab

Nabab ( 40 deqiqa) Xisham yent debm badam badamuc tatsnd Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Hac “Xisham yent debm badam badamuc tatsnd” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn nababmnsue. Nababis yintayqn nababmargu aparqn can1 ab 4 nuc ertn yiskuc oxhis namas namas petangi oxha uc tohn gahnde (3 deqiqa) 1. Xisham nyav yent soya gizio. 2. Nyavi bá debam iqnsue maki yiskend oxhndis tamar nyavnd karsnsueshn hayxnde.

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(Uc geshn tamar nyavnd bá badam badamuc tats hayxnsnde.) Tamar nyavndi karsuc kartis nacknsi gyar apmuc qayxsqan vyardnde.

Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

•Can1 ab 4nuc ertn “Xisham yent debm badam badamuc tatsnd” maki

yiskuc yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti max deqiqa nababmnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavndi dentkan wopti itsayqn nababmnsueshn gatsnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (25 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • Hac esn ni qayxsnsue nabab geshnuc oxhnda gizio.Oxhndis nababmi ibara axax maki no karsnsue. 1.Ibar (I) ( Yi ̋ nabi xisham yenti nyavi nekn shidan shik yesnsargueshn actam gaxsasni nyava yeskuci iqagu hak yent nab maka gizio.) 2.Ibar (I) • (Oshtnangi yent maki nyava maxi yeskaman yi ̋ geshn doysn shidan nekn yesargu shidan yelargu actam gaxsasi yisti nayva arcuci bá qer hakaman yi ̋ geshn yent maka gizio. Yent boda ucisind nekn yent nabmnsue.) Qayxsnd • Wos esn shidend oxhndis yintayqn qayxsnde. 3. Nyavis doysn shidan nekn yenti irat nabmnsue. • ( Ibar) yi ̋ nabi nekn yelargu ni shidan woxa irata beshnsargue. 4. Ats nyavi bá katsam yisnsueshn mva sova mava keta koystargue. •( Axax) yi ̋ nabi ats nyavndi yisnsueshn mva sova mava keta koysti yiskue.) Ni qayxse • Hac esn nababqan yisti keskend oxhndis karsnde. 1. Xisham yent debm bá badamuc tats maki yiskuc nababqan ibara gizio yintayqn maki yiskend gahndis kesi hayxnde. • (Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde.) 2. Atsi hareshn vyan bana yelnsueshn maki nyav pyadis beshasi yisteo? yi ̋ tohn gahnde.

• ( Tamar nyavnd karsnsnde.) 3. Xisham yent ket atsndeshn gaxs utsi yiskuci hareo? ( Tamar nyavnd karsnsnde.) • “Soy” maknsi tamar nyavnd kart zoysasi beshasnde.Vyan shidan mayna atsi bana yelsueshn maki báam yiskuc gizi kam nyava yeli irat tohn woxi yiskue.Uc geshn bá nyavndis bana tamarsnsueshna maysnsueshna musnsueshna yi ̋ kuchi uyxam karti girqan woxi shidi yiskue.

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Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • Xsap

Can 2 ab 5nuc ert

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) Qalndeshn porsh uts Ni qayxse Hac esn “Qalndeshn porsh uts ” maki yiskuc tovqan yiskend qalndeshn porshis yintayqn nababmargu aparqn max amts pashtni ni qayxse. • Nababqan “ Zyap’ ” maki yiskuc qal porsh hareo? • (Yelarguc shidan yelargen) • Hac dungam can1 ab 5nuc ertn qal porsh uts maki yiskuc tovqan qalndeshna porsh koynde( 5 deqiqa). • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd karsnsnde. 2.“ Qer” maki yiskuc porshi nabab bodam “ Bá deb hak” maki yiskuc atnsue. 3. “ Oshtni ” maki yiskuc porshi “gartni” maka gizio.

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (20 deqiqa)

Nabab gobqan ap gah kesi yeshas Tá qayxse • Woynten paragirap xsap maki yiskuc ap gahqan ni tamarnsue paragirap xsapa gizio. • No xsapmsuc paragirapisind can1 ab2nuca gizio.Saxarzhis qodnsi ap gahis yeshnsi xsapa gizio. • Tamar nyav maxsapm can1 ab 2nuc ertn paragirap xsap maki yiskuc tovqan pasht saxarzh bordn xsapmnde. • Xisham yenti gaxsi: • (Gir naba ,nyava baya wox naba …… dumarnda gizio.) Xisham yentesarguc • Nyav tohn eti wunsuc irat • ( Gira nyava baya woxa karxsa ……. dumarnda gizio.) Qayxsnde • Hac kam estuc amts bodam dumars ap gaham paragirap qayxsnde.

Xsap hig (10 deqiqa) Malatnd gaxs Ni qayxse •Hac yintayqn maxsapm can1 ab 2nuc ertn xsap hig maki yiskuc tovqan: • Nac malata (!)

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• Oxh malat (?)

• Dok malata (.)

• “” yi tuni ats hats petuc besaguc malat maki yiskucis no tamarnue. Esn hac dungam estend oxhndis malatndam gaxsasi qayxsnde. 2. Ni sumi one maki yiskuc x’on gahqan malatnd ni gaxsasni (Ni sumi one ?) maki yiskuci atnsue.Uc geshn kartis bordn xsapmnde. 3. dutam donta tá apm mask tá mvi mv ert ket tá hanqu maki yiskuc x’on gahqan malatnd ni gaxsasni (Dutam donta tá apm maska ta mvi mva ert ketn ta hanqu. ) maki yiskuci atnsue.Uc geshn kartis bordn xsapmnde. Qayxsnde • Hac tá qayxsuc bodam xsap hig tovqan yeshnd oxhndis karsnde. 4. beqala kelasa belina tá nalasnda gizio maki yiskucis ni pikasn: • Kart : (Beqala Kelasa Belina tá nalasnda gizio.) Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 2 ab 6nuc ert

Ket qayxs ( 5 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • Can1 ab 5nuc ertn paragirap xsap maki yiskuc tovqan yeshucis pash sanxarzhis gaxsasni maxaga paragirapis yintayqn gaxsasnsueshn hayxasnue. Yintayqn xsapuc paragirapis nababmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi nababmnsnde. Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Xisham yent bá debm badam badamuc tatsnd Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Hac “Xisham yent debm bá badam badamuc tatsnd” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn nababmnsue. Nababis yintayqn nababmargu aparqn can1 ab 4 nuc ertn yiskuc oxhis namas namas petangi oxha uc tohn gahnde (3 deqiqa). Uc geshn tamar nyavndi xisham yent debm bá badam badamuc tatsa yizam bana nababmanuc ap gah tatsi hayxnsnde. Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 4nuc ertn namasa namas petangi “Xisham yent debm badam badamuc tatsnd” maki yiskuc yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi yintayqn tats hayxnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavndi dentkan wopti itsayqn nababmnsueshn gatsnde.Uc geshn max tamar nyavis donsnsi ibaram nabab debm yiskuc

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iratis wuci beqnde. Hayx (15 deqiqa) Bá qer tats hayx Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 4nuc ertn “Xisham yent debm badam badamuc tatsnd” maki yiskuc nababis yizaman no nababmue.Wos hac “Xisham yent” maki yiskuc tohn yintayqn tatsa petucis akam hayxnde( 5 deqiqa).Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi dentkan wopti itsayqn qayxsi yiskuc qayxsis wuci beqnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi kart karsnsnde. • Soya gizio!maknsi dumars tamar nyavndi tatsis sisnde. Gah hig (10 deqiqa) X’on gah xsap Tatsnde: x’on gah xsapi nam bodam qodi yiskue.Qoda endisind: bá qer hakarguca bá qer hakangi yiskuca x’on gaha gizio. • Bá qer hakarguc gah ni makn bá kay yisti x’on porsh utsn hakarguca gizio.Amtseshn: zolqa tá nababmn ………. maki yiskuc x’on porsh utsn hakargue. • Kasi bá qer hakangi yiskuc x’on gah ni makn x’on gah uci bá kay yixangi porsh utsi yiskuca gizio. • Amtseshn:Wucn egam ta atnsue maki yiskuc x’on porsh utsi yiskue. Xam: Zolqa tá nababmn wucn egam ta atnsue. Tá qayxse • Wo tamar nyavndo! malatndam ab2nucn no tamarnue.Wos yintayqn yizam tamarnuc malatndis tatsi hayxnde.Uc gesh tamar nyavndi hayxnsnde. • Woyntan no tamarnsue gah hig maki yiskuc tovqan x’on gah xsap maki yiskuca gizio. • Wos max amts tana qayxsa yintayqn besu geshn yi ̋ bodam yintayqn qayxsnsue. 1. Atsina bes beqargu yista ……………………. • (Atsina bes beqargu yista cot yinxsasa masta.) Ni qayxse • Wos pashtna no qayxse. 2. Tamar nyav tá petasn ………………………... • (Tamar nyava tá petasn wucis bal ta karsnsue.) Qayxsnde • Hac esn ab yintayqn hatsa gizio.can1 ab 6nuc ertn x’on gah xsap tovqan yiskuc oxhndqan pyad 3nuc qayxsnde. • Myat gizi tam yistasn ………………………..

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• Uc geshn tamar nyavndi ( myat gizi tam yistasn dod coram tá kartnsue) maki karsnsnde. Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi tatsis x’onc’i nacknsi bordn itsayqndeshn kartis pikasi xsapmnde.

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qal ert • nabab

Can 3 ab 7nuc ert

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Xam Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis xam ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan amts atnsueshn xam ta nababmnsue. • “bad – am - uc” maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “badamuc” petnsue. • Hac kasi “osht – na – n - gi” maki yiskucis becka ta nababman “oshtangi” petnsue. • Qalndis xam yinti nababmagucn bordn xsapi wodam wodam tamar nyavndeshn besnde. Ni qayxse • Wos maxn “hayx- a -sn – e - nd” maki yiskuc qalndis xama no nababme. Xama no nababman “hayxasnend” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. • Shidnd qalndis uc bodam qayxsnde. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can 1 ab 7nuc ertn qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndis beck nababmnde.Qala “ ert – am ” maki yiskucis xami nababmnde.Uc geshn “ertam” maki karsni haknsnde. • Xish – am = xisham petnsue.

Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Nyava yanxs baq Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde

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“Nyava yanxs baq” maki yiskuc ap gah yintayqn nababmargu aparqn yintayqn maxsapm can1 ab 7nuc ertn “Nyava yanxs baq ” maki yiskuci tovqan estend qal tohn gahnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Uc geshn nababeshn yeshuc sivilis noti beqnsi haran yintayqn erasni hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Soy maknsi hac esn nyava yanxs baq maki yiskuc nababeshn yeshuc sivil noti beqi yintayqn tatsis yintayqn hayxue.Yintayqn tatsis ibar petuca petargucis nababis yintayqn nababmi wursan yintayqn ernsue.Hac esn yintayqn kangi yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababis nababmnde.

Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

• Can1 ab7nuc ertn “Nyava yanxs baq” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn kay

yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi ap gah yapmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd nababmsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqndeshn koysti yiskuc gats gatsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd ibaram nababmi yiskucis xish beqnde.

Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Ni qayxse

• Hac dungam yintayqn nababmuc nababqan yisti keskend oxhndis yintayqn karsargu aparqn max oxhis pashtna no karse. • Nyava yanxs baq hareo? •Oxh kartis bordn yinti xsapmi tamar nyav bá dabtarn xsapmako. • (Nyava yanxs baq maki nyava yanxsi gats itsayqni bá qer hakargueshn itsayqn debm irata dumarsi atnsargueshn yitsi yiskuc xisha gizio .) Qayxsnde Nabab geshnuc oxh: 1. B 2. C 3. C’ Qayxsnde Hac dungam can1 ab 7nuc ertn qalnd porshis nabab nababsnuc bodam porshnde. 1.Baba bayndi nyava yanxsaga arcam bá badam badamend gahndis itsayqn yitsnsu koysti yiskue. • Arcam maki nekn shidan nyava yanxsa bá deb hakarguc 1.Nyava yanxsi soy yitsam iqnsueshn baba baya soy kiti koysti yiskue. • Soy kiti maki yiskuci soy ambal maka gizio. 1. Nyava yanxsi itsayqn baba baya ambali soy petan soy ambalam iqnsende.

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• Soy ambalam maki soy tats. Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • xsap

Can 3 ab 8nuc ert

Qalnd (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxse

• Can1 ab 8nuc ertn qalndis porsham ingas maki yiskucis wos pashtn no

qayxse. 1. Myat – ( C) cod Qayxsnde Amtsa hac kam no qayxsuc bodam dumarndis qayxsnde. 2. Ch 3. B 4. A

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (20 deqiqa) Ap gaham paragirap xsap Can1 ab 6nuc ertn “Xisham nyav yent debm bá badam badamuc tatsnd” maki yiskucis yintayqn nababmi peshkue.Hac nababa yintayqn uyxam yizam nababmi peshkucis karsi pikasi xsapmnde.

Xsap hig (10 deqiqa) Malatndam gaxsas Hac dungam estend malatndis koysti yiskuc kutsn gaxsasnde. . ? ! , : Nyava yanxs baq maki nyava yanxsi gats itsayqni bá qer hakargueshn itsayqn debm irata dumarsi atnsargueshn yitsi yiskuc xisha gizio. Nyava yanxs iq bá gobqan bá qeram qeramend gahndis uxnsi yiskende. Gahnda end yisind: nyava yanxs guz iqa tats iqa ert iqa diga itsayqn hala baqi irsa gizio. Gah hand kam xsapndis bana sisku geshn nasa Kelasi wo babo boyte! erargu tá yistn tá nansi ique maknsi hacam gyar ta nayaveshn soy qayxs ta yitsnsue maku. Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

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Can 3 ab 9nuc ert

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Ket qayxs ( 5 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • Can1 ab 8nuc ertn paragirap xsapis yintayqn malatndam pikasi xsapi peshkue. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi (yiho) maki hayxnsnde.

Ibaram nabab (15 deqiqa)

Nyava yanxs baq Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Hac esn ibaram nabab yi mastan bá gobqan hara har uxi yisteo? maki yiskuc oxh tohn gahnde. Nababis yintayqn nababmarguc aparqn oxha hac tohn namas namas petangi oshtnende.Uc geshn tamar nyavndi (hayxa bitni nabab pekal nababa) maki karsni haknsnde

Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 7nuc ertn namasa namas petangi “Nyava yanxs baq” maki yiskuc yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi yintayqn tats hayxnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavndi dentkan wopti itsayqn nababmnsueshn gatsnde.Uc geshn max tamar nyavis donsnsi ibaram nabab debm yiskuc iratis wuci beqnde.

Hayx (15 deqiqa) Bá qer tats hayx Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 7nuc ertn “Nyava yanxs baq” maki yiskuc nababis yizaman yintayqn nababmue.Wos hac “Nyava yanxs baq” maki yiskuc tohn yintayqn tatsa petucis akam hayxnde( 5 deqiqa). •Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi dentkan wopti itsayqn qayxsi yiskuc qayxsis wuci beqnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi kart karsnsnde. • Soya gizio!maknsi dumars tamar nyavndi tatsis sisnde.

Gah hig (10 deqiqa)

Can1 ab 5nuc ertn yintayqn qayxsuc bodam uc’ x’on gahis qal dyamasagucam gaxsasi qayxsnde.

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Can 1: 1nuc ab ert

Yirc 3 Ech ay bi edis Ech ay bi edis

Yirca hacaga tats Erta hac geshn tamar nyavndi • Dqlndis xamia beckia nababmsende • Yeshnend nababis nababmi naba qopa badasi hayxnsende • Naba qopa bodam anqaxs xsapnsende • Qalndeshn harkni yiskenda harknargend qala porsh utsnsende • X’on gah gobqan pidala gah malata iratis badasi pikasnsende • Nababis haysi sisknsi naba qopa tatsis badasi hayxnsende • X’on gah gobqan kuts besagend qalndis badasi hayxnsende Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Nabab Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Xam Ni qayxe • Wo tamar nyavndo!yintayqn maxsapkan “xam” maki estend oxhndeshn hac amtsis maxn ni qayxsu geshn yintayqn dabtarn qayxsi besnde. Amts : “bay-ra-sa-ga” maki beckanqi estendis xama qal no qayxsan “bayrasaga” atnsue.Uc geshn maxn yintayqn qaris konq maknsi maxn nababnde. Qayxsnde 1nuc can 1nuc abm qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xam maki yiskucis xamnsi nababnde (4 deqiq). Kart 1. hiyuman 2.sindirom 3.nabagend 4.hayxasnend 5.gyarstnsucagisn • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana xamend qalndis nababmi bá nalndeshn sisnsueshn gatsnde.

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Nabab (30 deqiqa) Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo!yintayqni nababis nababmaguc aparqn estend oxhnden kat yintayqn qalam hayxnde. • Ech ay bi ediseshn yintayqni eri yiskucis hayxnde.

Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa)

Qayxsnde • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “ Ech ay bi edis” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmsi naba qopa badasi ernde.Uc geshn yintayqni nababis wursu geshn naba qopais yintayqn nalndeshn hayxnde.

Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Qayxs 1 • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “Nabab geshnuc oxh” maki yiskuc tovqan naba qopa amtsam estende.Ucagisn amtsaga bodam shidendis x’oc’nde.(8 deqiqa) utsnsi tamar nyavndi ibaram qayxsi yiskucis xishi beqnde. •“ Uln gaz’a sitn kesa” maki yiskendeshn naba qopa har petnseo? Ech ay bi gyarstasnsue. •“Ech ay bi dal sut gamtsan” maki yiskuceshn naba qopa har petnseo? Pug nabagend ats guz gid gamtsnsue. •“Pug nabagend gamts” maki yiskuceshn naba qopa har petnseo?bá badam badamend pugndeshn soy bod hatsnsue. •Soyan yintayqni karsue maki hayxnsi qayxs nam itsayqni hanqi qayxsnsueshn hayxnde. Qayxs 2 • Wo tamar nyavndo! namas namas atangi hac dungam estend oxhndeshn kart xsapmnde. Kart 1.Ech ay bi masti yiskuc edis pugis eti wuaguc bayres suma gizio 2.edis maki yiskuc qala odaga ingliz qalam porshi yisn yiskue. Qala end yisind: akuard, imun, depishensi, sindirom masti yiskende. Itsayqn porshi: Akuard maki atsi pugam usti yiskuc maka gizio. 3.Imun maki ats guzqan pug nabagend cacndis woxi yiskuc maka gizio. 4.Depishensi maki ats guzqn pug nabagend cacndis gamts maka gizio 5.Sindrom maki pugnasi akum ketn hanquc geshn yabsti yiskuc malat maka gizio. •Ech ay bia edisa xsoxsqanuc badi hareo? Ech ay bi ediseshn hatsi yiskuc bayres petan edisi ats guza pug nabagucis gamtsi yiskuc puga gizio.

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•Ech ay bi edisi wogaysi gyarstnsueshn hatsi yiskend dentkan erstangi yiskuci hanuceo? Bits shidan budn mayn koya gizio.

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal porsh • Xsap

Can 1 ab 2nuc ert

Qal porsh (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxse

• Wo tamar nyavndo! A tovqan estend qalndis B tovqan estenda pasha amtsis maxn ni qayxsuc geshn shidendis ingasnde.

Amts : 1nuc kart “B” gizio Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! 1nuc can 2nuc abm estend ingasis yintayqn dabtarn qayxsnde.(5 deqiqa) Kart: 1.B 2.C 3.E 4.A 5.D

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Naba qopa bodam anqaxs xsap Niqayxs • Naba qopa noti yiskuc bodam tamar nyavnd maxsapkan 1nuc can 2nuc abm tarik xsap maki yiskuc tovqan amtsam hayxasnue.Ucaga anqaxs naba qopa wosasaman ustnangi yistan ni beqe. • Amtseshn nab ati estuci hanuceo? Ats nyav pug nagi yiskend gamts • Kasi qopeshn at sati estuci hanuceo? Dumarnd pugeshn bod bes maki yiskuca gizio. Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! 1nuc can 2nuc abm naba qopa maki sanxarazham estendeshn 1nuc can 2nuc abm tarik yi ̋am gaxsasni anqaxs xsapmnde.(15 deqiqa) utsnsi wuci beqnde. Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxs Myant qal masti yiskendi qalatnda nam bá qeram qeramend yisti maxn bana atagucn max porsh utsi yiskenda gizio. Benc’nonqan myant qalatndi bana xsapagucn itsayqn dentkan haypen malati (-) yitsi yiskue.Amtseshn “ert” maki yiskuc qala “ket” maki yiskuc qal maxn bana xsapan maxaga porsh utsi yiskende. Amts: ert-ket Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac kamam amts utsi ni qayxsi bequc wosn hac dungam yintayqni ochnasuceshn amtsaga bodam kart xsapnde.

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Amts : nyal-ket Kart 1.cec-ket 2.ket-banz 3.kuch-yanx 4.ap-gez 5.go-inch maki yiskend petan tamar nyavndi dumarsa bana era yiskucamind qayxsi besni haknsendagisn xisham noti beqnde.

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nabab • Haysi sis • Gah hig

Can 1 ab 3nuc ert

Ibaram nabab Ech ay bi edis Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “ech ay bi edis” maki yiskuc toh debm yintayqni

nababmuc nababqan yintayqni eri yiskucis yintayqn nalndeshn wodam wodam hayxnde. • Tamar nyavndi “Ech ay bia edisa” baditinsi hayxnsende. •Ech ay bi masti yiskuc edis pugis eti wuaguc bayres suma gizio. • Kasi edis maki yiskuc qala odaga ingliz qalam porshi yisn yiskue. Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “ech ay bi edis” maki yiskuc tohn yeshnuc nabab gobqan anqaxs maxa nama wodam wodam maxnasi nababman maxnasi haysi sisnsuc kasi haysi siskuci nababman nababmuci haysi sisn nababmnde.Haysi siski yistuci nababmi yiskueshn irati yisku petan yi ̋eshn pikasi hayxnmake.

Sisnsuc tarik (20 deqiqa) Ech ay bi edis pug gyarsta naba bod Sisnsuc tarik aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac “ech ay bi edis pug gyarsta naba bod” maki yiskuc nababi yintayqneshn shiknsue.Nababis yintayqni haysi sisaguc aparqn yintayqn maxsapkan estuc oxh debm yintayqn budin gahnde. • Ech ay bi edis gyarsta naba bodndi hareo? tamar nyavndi bá budn gahnsi bana era yiskuc wosn karsnsende. Sis (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

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• Hac yintayqni gartnangi karsucis tatsi yisti yintayqneshn nababasi yiskucis soysi haysi sisnde.Yintayqni haysi sisagucn 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend oxhndis karsnsue. • Wo ersasagend! Ersasaguc maxsapm “Ech ay bi edis pug gyarsta naba bod” maki yiskucis yinti nababmagucn tamar nyavndi ap gahis kesi bá dabtarn uxnsi oxhndeshn kart utsnsueshn hayxnde. Ech ay bi edis pug gyarsta naba bod Ech ay bi edisi bá badam badamuc bodam gyarstni yiskue. Gyarstni yiskue maki ech ay bi edis pugnas ats dadn yisti soynas ats dadn gyarst shidan puga ucam uste maka gizio.Ech ay bi edisi gebaga bodam gyarstni yiskue. Gyarst boda endisnd :milaxhama, bitsama shidan budn mayn koyama, sutsma dumarndama gizio. Milaxham gyarste maki ech ay bi edis pugnasi bá xsung tyaqi sutasnsi milaxha ucis soynasi gaxsasni bá xsung tyaqi sutasan gyarn gyarstnsue.Uca gisn ats nyavi ap beqam ech abi edis pugnasis badasi hakasnsarguagisn ni ̋ guzn yiskend max max gahndis ni kesnsueshn gaxsasni ni yiskendi ni ̋ qeras kay petnsuci koysti yiskue.Ket gobm maxn yiskend atsndagon petasi bá kay gaxsasnsuci koysti yiskue. Bitsam shidan budn mayn koyam gyarts maki nam bodam beqni ni haknsue. Yi ̋ maxnuci bes debm shidan masht debm dumars koyama gizio.Besi shidan mashta budn koyi bitsi yisku petan ech ay bi edis pugnas atni haknsende. Yi ̋ nabi bana erarguc atsa bani bitse maki nasi shidan atsina ech ay bi edis pugnas petan gyarn gyarstnsue.Dumarsi wornyva cet nyva wucnasargu yisti budn bitsi shidan mayna vyana surqi yisku petan ech ay bi edisi maxn has dan bana yisku petan gyarn gyarstnsue.Uca gisn besa mashta wornyva cet nyva bitsi shidan budn mayn koyargu shidi ech abi edisi gyarstnsarguesh nagi yiskue.Kasi wornyava cetnyava wucnasargu yisti vyardnsuci koystargue. Suti hospital atsa suti itsayqndeshn kaygendeshn esti yiskue.Sutam gyarste maki wucnasargu suti atseshn bana estan ech ay bi edis pug gyarstni haknsue.Uca gisn suti pug naseshn koysatan wucasuc petnsuci koysti yiskue. Sisnsuc tarik geshnuc oxh (10 deqiqa) Qyxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac yintayqni nababasn haysi sisknsi ap gah uxuc bodam estend oxhndeshn kartis yintayqn dabtarn xsapnde.

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Kart 1. milaxhama, bitsama shidan budn mayn koyama, sutsma dumarndama gizio. 2.Gaz’agendis gyarstnargu shid, budn mayn koyargu shid, ucnasargu sutis gaxsasnargu shid 3. Milaxham gyarste maki ech ay bi edis pugnasi bá xsung tyaqi sutasnsi milaxha ucis soynasi gaxsasni bá xsung tyaqi sutasan gyarn gyarstnsue Gah hig Kuts besagend Tats : kuts besagend masti yiskendi hac, uc, end, doc, hand, en, han, yinka hac, yinkau uc, nega doc, neka uc … maki yiskenda gizio.X’on gah gobqan bana vyardagucn shika haka petendis hayxeshn gaxs utsi yiskende. Amts: Nyala hac Atsina yinka han Qayxsnde • Hac x’on gah gobqan yiskend kuts besagend qalndis badasi yintayqni xsapmsue.Tamar nyavnd maxsapkan 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend gah hig maki yiskuc toqan estend x’on gah gobqan yitsi amtsga bodam kuts besagend qalndis kesi yintayqn dabtarn xsapmnde. Kart 1.neka hacis 2.neka hana 3.neka handi 4.yinka haci 5.hacn 6.yinka hai 7.en

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Woyntenuc ert ab •Nabab

Can 2 ab 4nuc ert

Nabab(40 deqiqa) Ech ay bi edisi hatsi yiskuc irat Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac “Ech ay bi edis hatsi yiskuc irat) maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababaguc aparqn bá badam badamend dosndam usti har zar irat eti wunsan yintayqn budin gahnde.Uc geshn yintayqn budin yintayqni gahucis maxnasi donti kipilqan yiskend tamar nyavndeshn hayxnmake.

Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa)

• Hac “Ech ay bi edis hatsi yiskuc irat) maki yiskuc nabab tovqan estuc nababis yintayqni nababmagucn hareshn? Wosasam? Maki oxhi yisti kartis yintayqni yapmseueshn yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh(25 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • Hac nababqan yisti keskend oxhndis pashtni maxn ni qayxse. • Ech ay bi edisi hatsi yiskuc irate hareo? maki yiskuc oxheshn nababqan yitsi ni karsn Kart: gapeshna, gizeshna, nyava arceshna, dodeshna dumarsa gizio. Qayxsnde • Hac 2nuc can 4nuc abm estend oxhndeshn yintayqni bequc amts bodam nababm koy shidendeshn kart yintayqn dabtarn xsapmnde. Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Xsap

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Can 2 ab 5nuc ert

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Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Ta qyxs • Woynten qalndeshn harknargend qalis koy ni qayxsnsue. “gaydasi” maki yiskuc qaleshn harknarguc qali “kazhasi” maki yiskuc atnsue. Qayxsnde • Wo tamarnyavndo! Hac yintayqneshn amtsa estuc bodam 2nuc can 5nuc abm qala estendeshn harknarguc qalis koy yintayqn dabtarn qayxsnde. Kart 1.zolqi 2.ucka 3.yeki 4.baxhnsuc 5.xhar 6.iq

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Naba qopa bodam xsap anqaxs xsap Qayxsnde • Hac 2nuc can 5nuc abm “Tarik xsap” maki yiskuc tovqan nababa qopa bodam “Shav dob” maki yiskuc tohis gaxsasnsi anqaxs xsapnde.Uc geshn yintayqni xsapuc tarikis wodam wodam donti yintayqn nalnden nababmnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana xsapuc tarikis donti wodam wodam nababmnsueshn zoysasnde.

Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • 2nuc can 5nuc abm “xsapaga hig” maki yiskuc tovqan leksikal kats yirca konqa maki yiskucis ni beqnsue. Leksikalaga katsa yirca konqa Leksikal masti yiskuc katsa yirca konqai xsapis ni xsapagucn malatis itsayqn debm ni yitsi gaxsasnargend qalatnd maka gizio. Qala endaga porshis itsayqn egama hagam yiskendis beqi erni ni haknsue. Amts: kar maki yiskuc qalais wosn bá qeram qeramuc x’on gahkan itsayqn porshis beqe. 1. Nasi kar gixsi hanqu. 2. Dodi wonten kar peshku. Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac kamam leksikal kats yirca konqa maki yiskucis yintayqni amtsi qayxsn beque.Ucagisn hac dungam estend qalam nam nam x’on gah qayxsi leksikal kats yirca konqa besnde. Kart 1.Dichii mel kaya gizio. Nansi ac’i yi ̋sn gaygu mel gizio. 2.Nasnda Kabadi wor cob eri yiskende. Dichi mvi wursuci cob petucis erende.

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3.Shavi dyad keta gizio. Woli bukn dyad xup’i sistue.

• • •

Woyntenuc ert ab toh Ibaram nabab Hayx Gah hig

Can 2 ab 6nuc ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Ech ay bi edisi hatsi yiskuc irat Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Ta qayxs • Wo tamar nyavndo! “Ech ay bi edisi hatsi yiskuc irat” maki yiskuc nabab anqaxs maxis bá badam badamuc bodam tana nababm haysi sisnde. Uc geshn yintaqni tana nababm siskuc bodam maxis kursnsi yi ̋ wosn harkasi nababmi sisnde. Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • “Ech ay bi edisi hatsi yiskuc irat” maki yiskuc nababis qalndis pidalis gah malatis endeqnis tatsi yisti yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam ibaram nababmnde.Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmaguc itsayqn dentkan wobti yisti zoysasnde.

Hayx (20 deqiqa) Oshtn Ta qyxs • Wo tamar nyavndo! oshtn higa dambais kus yintayqneshn ta hayxe. Oshtn higa damba • Yi ̋ toh tatsa marazha aki dubdasa • Bana oshtna yiskuc nabis siski yiskendeshn ersas • Koysti yiskuc tatsis yi ̋ yaram hayx • Bá katsis shidan qaris konq maknsi hayx • Bá tatsis atsi cunsueshn soysi nabis hayx • Báeshn estend ab gobm bá tatsis wurs Qayxsnde • Hac kasi maxaga budin uc’as uc’as atnsi maxaga ukara xsapi yiskuca kursnde.Shidend tamar nyavndi dubdnas atnde.Uc geshn yintayqn maxsapkan nama estend gahndqan maxis kursnsi yi ̋ ebm oshtnde.Toh ukar petendi oshtnis ibaram detsasi yi ̋ yaram soshtnasnsuci koysti yiskue.Xsapi yiskendi kasi gah apis kesi uxnsuci koysti yiskue.

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Gah hig Yi ̋ bab besaguc Yi ̋ bab besaguc masti yiskuc sum shidan qala qayxs besaguc geshn yevi yiskue. Benc’nonqan yi ̋ bab besaguci “aga” masti yiskuc qasta gizio. Amts: nam : Namaga babi omtan atu. Maki yiskuc x’on gahkan “aga” maki yiskuca nam maki yiskuc qal geshn qastuci hayxi yiskuci nasi nam bab petucan gizio. Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac dungam estend qalndeshn yi ̋ bab besaguc qal hatsi x’on gah qayxsi yintayqn ersasagucn besnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi qayxsagucn itsayqn dentkan wobti wuci beqnde.Qayxsni hakargendi yistan itsayqndeshn gatsnde.

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Nabab

Can 3 ab 7nuc ert

Ech ay bi edisi ats debma, dig debma, giz debma hatsi yiskuc irat

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Qayxsnde •Hac ni ni tamartnsuci qalis beck maki yiskuca gizio.Tamar nyavnd maxsapkan 3nuc can 7nuc abm estend qalndis becknsi nababmnde. Kart 1.wo-sa-sa-man 2.qi-xsn-da-ma 3.qay-xsa-ga 4.ham-tsu-eshn

Nabab (30 deqiqa) Ech ay bi edisi ats debma, dig debma, giz debma hatsi yiskuc irat

Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde •Ech ay bi edisi ats debma, dig debma, giz debma hatsi yiskuc irat maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababmaguc aparqn 3nuc can 7nuc abm esten sanxarazhis namas namas atangi x’oc’nde.(3 deqiqa) utsnde. •Ech ay bi edisi har zar irat hatsnseo? Maki yiskueshn ats debma, dig debma, giz debm irat hatsi yiskue maki yintayqni karsu petan yintayqni zolase maki nacnde. Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

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Wo tamar nyavndo! “Ech ay bi edisi ats debma, dig debma, giz debma hatsi yiskuc irat” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmi yisti naba qopa petendis badasnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqn dentkan wobti xishi beqnde.

Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! 3nuc can 7nuc abm nabaqan yisti keskend oxhndeshn karts xsapmnde. Kart 1. Ech ay bi edisi acti yisn kayguc pugaga zara gizio. 2. Ech ay bi bayresi yi ̋am yevi yiskend bod yiskue. Boda end yisind: sutama, vyana mayna dyamama, qixsndama, nyavi yeysagucna, xyamis xyantsama gizio. 3. Edis pugi gap ats debm bá qeram qeramuc iratis hatsi yiskue. Irata end yisind: atsi pugnasis akum ketna eskay xep’i eti hanqi yiskue. Kasi atsa endi pugnas ucis eskay akum ketn xep’i eti hamagucn qayxsaga abi hamtsueshn nab ati yiskue. 4.Edis pug digaga debm bá qeram qeramuc iratis hatsi yiskue. Irata uc yisind: akum ertnasndi bá sir puga edisam usti yiskende. Uci kasi akum babi beshaguc ats nyaveshn gaxs utsnsargueshn ezaga iratis hatsi yiskue. 5. Edis pugi gizaga debm ezaga iratis hatsi yiskue. Uc yisind beshaguc dodis qayxsi irsnsend cet nyava wor nyavan puga uci hacaga abm woxi yiskue. Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Xsap

Can 3 ab 8nuc ert

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Harkni yiskenda harknargenda porsh uts Qayxsnde •Hac wo tamar nyavndo! 3nuc can 8nuc abm estend qalndeshn harki yiskend qalndis koy xsapmnde. Kart 1.zhul 2.geb 3.vyanx 4.dom 5.dorgnsarueshn •Hac wo tamar nyavndo! 3nuc can 8nuc abm estend qalndeshn harknargend qalndis koy xsapmnde. Kart 1.yisku 2.axaxam 3.mayna 4.karti 5.yarsaga 6.ketni

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Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Naba qopa bodam anqaxs xsap Qayxsnde • 1nuc cana 2nuc abma 2nuc cana 5nuc abma yintayqni xsapucis nam anqaxs naba qopa bodam soysi karsi xsapnde.(20 deqiqa) utsnsi tamar nyavndi pikasi xsapu geshn itsayqn dabtaris aki eti hanqi aramnde.

Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 3nuc can 8nuc abm estend xsapaga hig maki yiskueshn hac aparqn yintayqni tamarnuc bodam kart xsapnde. Leksikalaga katsa yirca konqa Leksikal masti yiskuc katsa yirca konqai xsapis ni xsapagucn malatis itsayqn debm ni yitsi gaxsasnargend qalatnd maka gizio. Qala endaga porshis itsayqn egama hagam yiskendis beqi erni ni haknsue. Amts: kar maki yiskuc qalais wosn bá qeram qeramuc x’on gahkan itsayqn porshis beqe. 1. Nasi kar gixsi hanqu. 2.Dodi wonten kar peshku.

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nababm • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 3 ab 9nuc ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Ech ay bi edisi ats debma, dig debma, giz debma hatsi yiskuc irat Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa)

Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! yntayqni ibaram nababguc aparqn “Nababis soy maki hayxi nabab” maki har petan yintayqn qalam hayxnde. • Nababis soy maki hayxi nabab maki maxaga nababis pidalis byatargu yisti xsegi nababa qalis beckargu yisti nabab gah malatndis ibaram xsegi nababa maka gizio. • Yintayqni zolase! Maki nacnsi yintayqni nababmagucn oxh malati yistan nababis oxh hatsi kasi yintayqni nababmagucn nac malati yistan nababis nac hatsi nababnde maki kitnde.

Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 3nuc can 7nuc abm “Ech ay bi edisi ats debma, dig debma, giz debma hatsi yiskuc irat” maki yiskuc nabab gobqan yi ̋ gadnuc anqaxsn gadnsi max deqiqam hak bitasi soysi hayxi yisti nababnde.

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•Wo ersasagendo! max deqiqa itsayqni nababmuc geshn itsayqn am anqax-

san nababmasan oxhnde.Uc geshn kasi bana yitsucn gadnsi max deqiqa itayqni nababmsueshn utsnde.Bá eshn estuc abis uci bodam qayxsi wursnsueshn gatsnde.

Hayx (20 deqiqa) Morstn Qayxsnde •3nuc can 7nuc abm “Ech ay bi edis wucasni besti ats cunege cunisargueo?” maki yiskuc debm yeshni yintayqni wue masti hayxue.Ucaga bodam yintayqni yeshni yevucis yintayqni nalndeshn hayxnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndis kursnsi ab utsi bá nalnd apm itsyqni morstnsueshn gatsnde.

Gah hig (10 deqiqa) Besagend Qayxsnde • 3nuc can 9nuc abm “Gah hig” maki yiskuc tovqan estend oxhndeshn kart xsapmnde.(5 deqiqa) utsi itsayqn dentkan wobti wuci beqnde. • Tamar nyavndi bana xsapuc x’on gah gobqan maxis yinteshn nababmsueshn oxhnde.

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Can 1: 1nuc ab ert

Yirc 4 Ersatangi yiskend atsnd

Ersatangi yiskend atsnd

Yirca hacaga tats Erta hac geshn tamar nyavndi

• Qlndis xamia beckia nababmsende • Yeshnend nababis nababmi naba qopa badasi hayxnsende • Naba qopa bodam anqaxs xsapnsende • Qalndeshn harkni yiskenda harknargend qala porsh utsnsende • X’on gah gobqan pidala gah malata iratis badasi pikasnsende • Nababis haysi sisknsi naba qopa tatsis badasi hayxnsende •X’on gah gobqan kuts besagend qalndis badasi hayxnsende Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Nabab

Can1 ab 1 ert:

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Ni qayxe •Wo tamar nyavndo!yintayqn maxsapkan “ Becka” maki estend oxhndeshn hac amtsis maxn ni qayxsu geshn yintayqn dabtarn qayxsi besnde. Amts : “hayam” maki xami estendis becka qal no qayxsan “hay-am” atnsue. Uc geshn maxn yintayqn qaris konq maknsi maxn nababnde. Qayxsnde Beck: beck maki qala maxis qalamam qodi boknsi nababasni yiskuc boda gizio. Xam: xam max qal gobqan yiskend pidalndi maxn ati qal dyad yiskuc boda gizio.

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1nuc can 1nuc abm qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan beck maki yiskucis xamnsi nababnde (4 deqiq). Kart 1. Qayxs 1 Hac dungam yiskend qalis becki besnde. 1. hayam 2. zyaxs 3. zoxhoxh 4. semen Kart 1.hay-am 2.zya-xs 3.zhozh-oxh 4.se-men • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana beckendis qalndis nababmi bá nalndeshn sisnsueshn gatsnde. Nbab (30 deqiqa) Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Qayxs 2 • Gobtam atnsi atsa maxi har qayxsian dod debm ersatngi yisku masti yistan yi ̋ debm gahnsi yintayqn nalndeshn hayxnde. • Hac dungam yiskuc qalporsh hayxnde. 1. berg 2. ab 3. gap 1nuc can 1nuc abm “ Worqu Mamo” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmsi nabab ap gahis badasi ernde.Uc geshn yintayqni nababis wursu geshn naba qopais yintayqn nalndeshn hayxnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Qayxs 1 1nuc can 1nuc abm “Nabab geshnuc oxh” maki yiskuc tovqan Hac dungam oxha hac kamam Worqu Mamo maki yiskuc nababqan yisti keskendis karsnde.(8 deqiqa) utsnsi tamar nyavndi ibaram qayxsi yiskucis xishi beqnde. •Hac kamam nababa (Worqu Mamo) maki yiskucis yintayqni nababmuc geshn hac dungam yiskuc dingqan x’onc’nde.

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Worku Mamo

Kart

Worku Mamo • Nasa Worqu Mamoi yeyskuci 1935 bergam kutsa adis alem masti yiskucna gizio. Kutsa uci saptam kilo metir woxhoxh katam haki yiskue. Yisi yisn iquc gapaga coram bá qeram qeramend kocha xhima xsoxnda yistende. • Nasa Worqu Mamoi yars bana yistagucn togama, Koch hayama, pasama ket giznd sivilis qayxsi bá nalnda bana kaski ique. Kasa uci hacaga abm yisi yiskuc yi ̋aga erteshn ezaga bodan pirque. • Yi ̋ bergi tama maxa atuc geshn yi ̋ babi zyaxsa semen kobm mayt xhadqan donti hanque. Ucam yi ̋ baya woxhoxh qayxs bana yakuesh yi ̋ eta woxhoxh hanqene. Ucam bá baya bana doysn boch yisteue. • Wolent 1946 bergam nasa Worqu Mamoi nyava gapm yiskenda bana soysi kaski yistue. Ucam goqn yi ̋a bana kaski yistuc yi ̋ nali Begashaw masti yiskue.

Can 1 ab 2nuc ert Qal porsh Qayxs Hac dungam yiskend qal porshis xsapmde. 1. kilo metir 2. pas 3. boch 4. bomb

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xsap Qayxs Qer tarik tarik xsap Hac kamam Worqu Mamo maki yisuc harkuc atsa maxa yintayqn gapm erstangi yiskuc tarikis shidan yintayqn ket ats tarikis xsapmsi nababmde. Kart •Tamar nyavndi bana era yiskuc shidan bana siskucis xsapmsueshn zoysnde. xsapaga hig Qayxs Hac dungam ibaram xsapargend pidalndis pikasnsi qalis karsi xsapmde. Amts: diant maki yiskuc bana pikna xsapagucn dyant gizio. 1.muqelmum 2. atsnnd 3. yio kart 1. muqalmum 2. atsnd 3. yi ̋o Ibaram nabab Qayxs Hac kamam nabab “worqu Mamo” maki yiskuc nababis aparqn budinam nababmde. uc geshn yintayqn yisti nababmde. Kart • Tamar nyavndi ibaram nababmi hakuc xishi beqnde.

Can 1 ab 3nuc ert Sisnsuc tarik Mulatu Astaxiqe Sisnsuc tarik aparqnuc oxh Qayxs Mulatu Astaxiqe masti yiskuc one? Tarikis sis Hac dungam yiskuc tarikis tamar nyavndeshn nababmde

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Mulatu Astaxiqe Nasa Mulatu Astaxiqe masti yiskuci zhaz masti yiskuc dubaga zaram dod

tohn erstangi yiskuc atsa gizio. Nasa Mulatu Astaxiqe masti yiskuci 1979 bergam atamasni keskuc gazaxai hayxi yiskucwoxn yisi petan1926 bergam Top’i katama woxhoxhqan yisti yeyskue. Nasa Mulatu Astaxiqei yi ̋ bergi17 atuc geshn inzhinering masti yiskuc ertis bana tamarnsueshn ingliz dodn 1943 bergam hanque. Hanqa ingliz katama ez peten lenden bana atuc geshn yisi gaduc ert zari dubaga erta gizio. Yisi hanqi tamarne maki yi ̋ ket atsndi titsuc inzhinering petasn yisi hanqi daduc erti dubaga erta gizio. Uc geshn bá erta ucis tamarna banawursuc geshn kilarnet masti yiskuc dubaga ertaga zaram dirskue. Bana dirskuc geshn ingliz dodn yiskuc dubaga ketn atsi yisn qayxsi yiskenda bana qayxsi yistue. Ucam dontucis ingliz telebezhin xabiam yi ̋aga qayxsa yitsa atsi beqi yistue. Ucagisn nasa Mulatu astaxiqei dubaga erta ucis bana tamarnuc geshn myataga dodn tohn yiskend dodn hanqi tamarsia kasi dubis pikasia yiskuc atsa zolasa gizio. Yi ̋ tun: “አማርኛ እንደ አፍ መፍቻ የተማሪ መፀፅሃፍ 7ኛ ክፍል” maki yiskuckan yisti pikni estuc Sisnsuc tarik geshnuc oxh (10 deqiqa) Qyxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac yintayqni nababasn haysi sisknsi ap gah uxuc bodam estend oxhndeshn kartis yintayqn dabtarn xsapnde. • Hac kamam sisnsuc tarika “Mulati Astaxiqe” maki yiskuc yintayqn ersasauckan yist keskend hac dungam yiskuc oxhis karsnde. • Yintayqn ersasaguci nababm yintayqni siskucis tarikis hayxnde. Gah hig Kuts besaguc Qayxsnde • Hac x’on gah gobqan yiskend kuts besagend qalndis badasi yintayqni xsapmsue.Tamar nyavnd maxsapkan 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend gah hig maki yiskuc toqan estend x’on gah gobqan yitsi amtsga bodam gah dyamasagend qalndis nabab gobqan yitsi koyi kesi yintayqn dabtarn xsapmnde. Amts: kuts besaguuc: hacn, hinka ucn, Amts: 1. Nasi hacn wogu. 2. Nama hinka ucn surqen.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

49

Can 2 ab 4nuc ert Woyntenuc ert ab • Nabab • Xsap

Nabab(30 deqiqa)

Worqu Mamo kucham xsapu yi ̋ kats tarik Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxs 1 “Worqu Mamo kucham xsapu yi ̋ ab tarik” maki yiskucis eri yintayqni yistan hayxnde. Qayxsnde • Hac “Worqu Mamo kucham xsapu yi ̋ ab tarik” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababaguc aparqn bá badam badamend dosndam usti har zar irat eti wunsan yintayqn budin gahnde.Uc geshn yintayqn gobtn yintayqni gahucis maxnasi donti kipilqan yiskend tamar nyavndeshn hayxnmake. Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa) • Hac “Worqu Mamo kucham xsapu yi ̋ ab tarik” maki yiskuc nabab tovqan estuc nababis yintayqni nababmagucn hareshn? Wosasam? Maki oxhi yisti kartis yintayqni yapmseueshn yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmnde. Qayxs 2 • “Worqu Mamo kucham xsapu yi ̋ ab tarik” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababmaguc aparqn sivilis soysi noti beqnsi hareshn hayxi yistan yintayqni erucis hayxnde. • Hac dungam yiskuc tarikis yintayqnikats sisarguc yisti nababmde. Nabab geshnuc oxh(25 deqiqa) Qayxs 3 • Hac 2nuc can 4nuc abm estend oxhndeshn yintayqni bequc amts bodam nababm koy shidendeshn kart yintayqn dabtarn xsapmnde. • Hac kamam yiskuc nabab yintayqni nababmuc geshn hac dungam yiskuc saxinqan xsapmde. 1.Tariki yisn xsapuc kutsa aba 2.Tariki onan hayxi yisteo? 3.Yi ̋ wur

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Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Kart 1. Worqu Mamo ta yeskuc bergi 1935 bergam kac’i xhmchagend ket atsnd dadn adis alem masta yisken sapmtam kilo metir Adisabaeshn hakn yisken gapma gizio.Tana yi ̋qan dyant kinqa shidan mat musa yiskuc kutsi wocam shidan shinatam qorasangi yiskuc kutsna gizio.Tá nyav bergam goqn dynt sivil qayxsa kaska ta yiskue.Yi ̋am dyant sivilis qayxsa ta yiskuci wocama, shinatama, togama gizio.Tá nyav bergam kaska ta yistuc sivil qayxsis nacka sivil qayxsas ta erstnsueshn hatsue. 2. Worqu Mamon 3. Ucagisin tá kats debm atendis hayxa yista ats nyava itsayqn guzeshn irat atendi atsi itsaqn gatsni zoysasan kasi bá tatsis dobargu yista bana tamartnan ez ats atnsende maka kita ta yiskue.

Can 2 ab 5nuc ert Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Xsap

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Qayxs 4 • Woynten qalndeshn porshis koyi xsapmde. • Wo tamarnyavndo! Hac yintayqneshn amtsa estuc bodam 2nuc can 5nuc abm qala estendeshn porshis koy xsapmde. • Hac dungam yiskend qal porshis xsapmde. 1. irat 2. mayt xhad 3. Xalian Kart 1.gaydasi, zhulasi 2.dodndi ba ́ kemm bashtni, bukni 3.dod sum

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Ab gobqanuc yits xsap Qayxs 5 1nuc can 2nuc abm “Ab gobqanuc yits” maki yiskucis pikasi xsapmde. Qayxsnde • Hac 2nuc can 5nuc abm “Tarik xsap” maki yiskuc tovqan “Ab gobqanuc yits” maki yiskuc tohis gaxsasnsi anqaxs xsapnde.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

51

Uc geshn yintayqni xsapuc tarikis wodam wodam donti yintayqn nalnden nababmnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana xsapuc tarikis donti wodam wodam nababmnsueshn zoysasnde. • Hac dungam yiskuc saxinqan yiskend tatsndeshn koysti yiskuc gahndis xsapmde. Purn yintayn yistn Ert-ketn yintayqni wuagucn Ert-ketn yintayqni tamarnagucn

Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • 2nuc can 5nuc abm “xsapaga hig” maki yiskuc tovqan pikasi xsap maki yiskucis yizam yintayqni tamarnue. Ucaga bodam hac dungam estend oxhndeshn kartis xsapmde. Qayxs 6 • Hac dungam yiskend x’on gahis karsi pikasia, yi ̋qan dirquc gah malatndis yitsi xsapmde. 1. Sov kiten nama 2. Babi gaxsu matis 3. Manti byaru nasis Kart 1.Nama sov kite. 2.Babi mantis qayxsu. 3.Manti nansis byaru. Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 2: 6nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Kuc shav Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Yizamuc nabab tohi haredhn hayxi yisteo? Ta qayxs

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Ersasaguc maxsap

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• Wo tamar nyavndo! “Worqu Mamo kucham xsapu yi ̋ ab tarik” maki yiskuc

nabab anqaxs maxis bá badam badamuc bodam tana nababm haysi sisnde. Uc geshn yintaqni tana nababm siskuc bodam maxis kursnsi yi ̋ wosn harkasi nababmi sisnde. Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • “Worqu Mamo kucham xsapu yi ̋ ab tarik” maki yiskuc nababis qalndis pidalis gah malatis endeqnis tatsi yisti yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam ibaram nababmnde.Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmaguc itsayqn dentkan wobti yisti zoysasnde. Hayx (20 deqiqa) Qala qayxs besagucis pekal hatsaguc Yintayqi xsapuc tarikis yintayqn malndeshn hayxnde. Yintayqn nalndi sisknsi ba tatsis hayxnmake. • Wo tamar nyavndo! Qal qayxs besagucis pekal hats maki har makeo? Amts utsi hayxnde. Qayxsnde • Hac kasi maxaga gobtn uc’as uc’as atnsi pekal hatsagend qalndis hayxnde. Gah hig X’on gah dyamasagend Qayxs 9 Hac kamam yiskend qala qayxs besagucis pikal hatsaguc yistikuts besagucam nam nam x’on gah xsapmde. Hayx Qayxs 10 Hac kamam nababa “Erstangi yiskuc Worqu Mamo kucham xsapu yi ̋ ab tarik” maki yiskucis tarikis gadn, uc geshn, yi ̋ wurn masti yiskend qalam gaxsasani hayxnde Can 3: 7nuc ab et Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

7 kipil

Can 2: 7nuc ab ert

Ersasaguc maxsap

53

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Xam Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis xam ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan amts atnsueshn xam ta nababmnsue. • “du-mar-se-shn ”maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “dumarseshn” petnsue. • Hac kasi “ers-ta-ngi” maki yiskucis becka ta nababman “gixseshna” petnsue. • Qalndis xam yinti nababmagucn bordn xsapi wodam wodam tamar nyavndeshn besnde. Ni qayxse • Wos maxn “Qay-xs-e-sh-na” maki yiskuc qalndis xama no nababme. Xama no nababman “qayxseshna” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. • Shidnd qalndis uc bodam qayxsnde. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can 1 ab 7nuc ertn qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndis xam nababmnde.Qala “Dy-ad ” maki yiskucis xami nababmnde.Uc geshn “dyad” maki karsni haknsnde. Qayxs 1 • Hac dungam yiskend qalis xamnde. 1. du-mar-se-shn 2. gi-ba-t 3. ta-tsa-m 4. dya-ma-gu-cn Kart 1.du-mar-se-shn 2.gi-ba-t 3.ta-tsa-m 4.dya-ma-gu-cn

Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Atsa dumarseshn amts at Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Qayxs 2

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Atsa dumarseshn amts maki haragisan budinam gahnsi hayxnde. Nabab • “Atsa dumarseshn amts at” maki yiskuc ap gah yintayqn nababmargu aparqn yintayqn maxsapm can1 ab 7nuc ertn “Amts pet ” maki yiskuci qal tohn gahnde. Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab7nuc ertn “Atsa dumarseshn amts at” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn kay yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi ap gah yapmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd nababmsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqndeshn koysti yiskuc gats gatsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd ibaram nababmi yiskucis xish beqnde.

Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde 1.Amts pet maki har makeo? 2. Atsa maxi atsa dumarseshn amts atnsueshn nab ati yiskend gahndi hareo? 3. Bá qer hak maki har makeo? Kart 1.Atsa dumarseshn amts at maki nas shidan nama maxa bá qayxsam atsa dumarsi itsayqn qayxsa yitsa beqi kazhqi qayxsi ert yi ̋qan yaki yiskuca gizio. 2. Atsa maxi atsa dumarseshn amts atnsueshn nab ati yiskend gahndi yiskende. Gahnda end yisind: bá qer haka, gibatasnangi yiskuca, bá qayxsam zolas ata, itaga gahi yi ̋a bana dyamagucn zolqi qayxsi yiskuca, atsis wobsa, atsa dumars tatsis sisa gizio. 3. Bá qer hak maki atsa bá qayxsama tatsama zolas petendi beshaguc bá qayxsam kazhqi yiskende.

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • xsap

7 kipil

Can 2: 8nuc ab ert

Ersasaguc maxsap

55

Qalnd (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 8nuc ertn qalndis porsham harknarend qalndis koy xsapmde. Amts: mayn- vyan Qayxs 5 Hac dungam estend qalndeshn ba ́ porsham harkargendis koyi xsapmde. 1.wog 2.tats 3.wox Kart 1.kobc 2.tatsargu 3.pyaxs

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (20 deqiqa) Ap gaham paragirap xsap Can1 ab 6nuc ertn “Atsa dumarseshn amts at” maki yiskucis yintayqn nababmi peshkue. Nababaga bodamyintayn qer tarikis yisn yintayqni yeyskuc abm gadnsi xsapmde. Xsap hig (10 deqiqa) Dirquc gah x’onc’I xsap Qayxs 7 Hac dungam xsapangi yiskuc tarikkan dirquc gah malatis kutsn pyadi yisn yitsanagi yiskuc xsapmde. Nama belina nyava zolasa gizio1 belina ert-ketn eskay shida erargene 2 kasi belinaert-ketn yista banakartagucn soysa bá maxsap nababma yiskene 3 ucam dontucis yi ̋ maxnuc darazha eskay yaka yiskene 4 Kart 1Nama belina nyava zolasa gizia. 2.Belina ert-ketn eskay shida erargene. 3Kasi Belinaert-ketn yista banakartagucn soysa bá maxsap nababma yiskene. 4.Ucam dontucis yi ̋ maxnuc darazha eskay yaka yiskene. Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • xsap

Can 2: 9nuc ab ert

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

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Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Ibaram nabab (15 deqiqa) Dyad tun baq Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • Atsa dumarseshn amts at maki haragisn yintayqn tatsi yiskucis hayxnde.Wo tamar nyavndo! yintayqn nala maxi nababmi dumarndi haysi siski hac dungam yiskuc sanxarzhqan yintayqn barqn wucasnde. • {Tamar nyavndi bá maxsapm xsapndis hayxasnu bodam karsnsnde.}

Nabab ( 8 deqiqa)

Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 8nuc ertn namasa namas petangi “Atsa dumarseshn amts at” maki yiskuc yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi yintayqn tats hayxnde. Uc geshn tamar nyavndi dentkan wopti itsayqn nababmnsueshn gatsnde. Uc geshn max tamar nyavis donsnsi ibaram nabab debm yiskuc iratis wuci beqnde.

Hayx (15 deqiqa) Bá qer tats hayx Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 8nuc ertn “Atsa dumarseshn amts at” maki yiskuc nababis yizaman yintayqn nababmue.Wos hac “Atsa dumarseshn amts at” maki yiskuc tohn yintayqn tatsa petucis akam hayxnde( 5 deqiqa). • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi dentkan wopti itsayqn qayxsi yiskuc qayxsis wuci beqnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi kart karsnsnde. • Soya gizio!maknsi dumars tamar nyavndi tatsis sisnde.

Gah hig (10 deqiqa)

• Hac dugam gah dyamasagendam gaxsasni nam nam peti yeshnd kay x’on gahndis maynt x’on gah hatsnde. • Can1 ab 9nuc ertn yintayqn qala qayxs pekal hatsaguc gaxsasni nam nam peti yeshnd koyi xsapmde. • Hac aparqn qala qayxs besagucis pekal hatsaguc maki yiskuc yintayqni tamarnucis budinam atanga karsi nababmi x’on gaha od xsapmde.

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Ersasaguc maxsap

57

1. ______________. 2. ______________. 3. ______________. 4. ______________. Kart 1.Nama sov ucken. 2.Gena gurd gixsen. 3.Kabadi muz mvu. 4.Kobteti gez ucku.

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Ersasaguc maxsap

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Can 1: 1nuc ab ert Yirc 5

Yirc tatsnd

Sovaga gaxs

Tamar nyavndi yirca hacis bana tamarnuc geshn •Qal becki haknsende •Qal qodi haknsende •Qal porshis hayxnsede •Nababis bá katsis sisarguc yisti nababmsende. •Tarik xsapmsende •Gah higis badasi ernsende

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qal ert • Nabab

Can 1: 1nuc ab ert

Qalnd ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis becki ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan max amts xam ta nababmnsue. 1. “Dontagucn:don–ta-guc-n” maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “Dontagucn”petnsue. Ni qayxse • Wos maxn “Itsayqndeshn” maki yiskuc qalndis becka no nababman “Itsay-qnd-eshn” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. • Shidnd qalndis uc bodam qayxsmako. Qayxsnde

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Ersasaguc maxsap

59

• Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can 1 ab 1nuc ertn qal ert

maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndis becki nababmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi qayxsnsnde. • Qala “Sum ” maki yiskucis becki nababmnde.Uc geshn “Su-m” maki karsni haknsnde. •Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndeshn bordn kartis xsapmnde.

Nabab ( 30 deqiqa)

Zhardia Qayxs 2 Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde

Aparnuc nabab ( 5 deqiqa)

• Wo tamar nyavndo! Zhardia maki yiskuc nababis nababmnde. Uc geshn tamar nyavndi (5 deqiqa) nababmnsueshn hayxnde.Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi deqiqa dentkan am qalndis nababmadeo? Itsayqn oxhnde.Wos tamar nyavndis wuci beqnde. Qayxsnde • Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) • Hac esn “Zhardia” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn katsis sisargu nababmnde. Nababis yintayqn nababmagucn nabab aparqn yintayqn qayxsuc kartis tatsi yisti nababmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd zhardia maki yiskuc nababis bá katsis sisargu yisti nababmi pugaga zara gyars boda amtsis badasnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Tá qayxse • Hac esn max amtsis ta qayxsa yintayqn besnsue. • Atsina Belina ket atsndi haraman purstadeo? Maki yiskucis pashtna no qayxsnsue. • (Zhardia cil gaz’aga kursa gizio.) Ni qayxse • Wos pashtni ni qayxse. • Puga Belin ket atsndis pugi yiskend sumis hayxnde. • (Zhardia cil gaz’aga kursa gizio.) Qayxsnde • Haci esn yintayqn woda gizio. Yintayqn gobtn gobtn atanagi shidnde oxhndis nabab nababmsuc bodam karsnde. • ( Uc geshn tamar nyavndi karsnsende.)

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Ersasaguc maxsap

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Woyntanuc ert toh: • Qalnd • Xsap

Can 1: 2nuc ab ert

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) Qalnd porsh uts Tá qayxse Hac “ pug” maki yiskuc Pug Pugnasnd petnsue. X’on gaham tá qayxsni: Gyars pugi maxapam cod atsndeshn gyarsn haknsue. 1. Hac kasi “Zhardia ” maki yiskuc zhardia ituc sovam yevi yiskuc pug zara gizio. 2. Akum ket maki atsa pugnasndi yisn Akumasni yiskuc keta gizio. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn amtsa estuc bodam qayxsnde.

Xsap (25 deqiqa)

Gahnd apmuca geshnuca xsap (15 deqiqa) Nabab gobqan ap gah kesi yeshas Qayxs 2: •Tamar nyavndi nabab bana nababmuc bodam gahndaga gadnuca geshnuca yi ̋ wurnuca petucis xsapmnsi yintn hayxmako. •Kart

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

61

Yi ̋ gadnuc Atsina Belin masta yiskena gapa maxn yiskene. Atsina belina enaga ket atsndi soysi cilqan gaz’qi yiskuc pugam purstn wusa iratna yistene. Irata ucis baysnsuc bodin yapargenan yistene. Wűaga ket atsnda endaga pugi dontagucn eskay akumketn hanqi bá qeram qeramuc actis eti yevi yi ̋am gaxsasni itsayqneshn dos atangi yiskue. Yi ̋ dentnuc Uc geshn atsina Belina akumketn hanqene. Wusa akum ketnhanqa atagucn akum babi wusa yevuc nabis wű oxhu. Wusind bá ket atsndi purstn eta bana yevuc nabi tyapasa nasa akum babm pekal hayxen. Belina kita ucka bana yiskuc sovi sov ut petucis hayxen.

Yi ̋ wurnuc Akum babaga kit geshn Belina sovis kita bana eta wuagucn paqalsa kobsasnsa bá ket atsnda bana ucn puga hac aparqn wű ket atsndis pugi yistuci bavue. Uc kay esargi Belina yisn bana yiskuc gapm yiskend atsndeshn hayxn atsnda endi sovi bana kitagucn paqalsi uckia kasi shik yiskuc akum ketn hanqi acta sovqan wohagucis eti yevi sova botam shidan zharkinqan yiskuckan akum babi hayxuc bodam yitsi ucki shidende. X’on gahqan dirquc gah malat xsap (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Kart: 1. Baygna gabm yista karta. 2. Ni sumi oneo? 3. Wo boyte! Woyntanuc ert toh: • Ibaram nabab • sis • Gah hig • X’on gah xsap

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Ersasaguc maxsap

Can 2: 3nuc ab ert

7 kipil

Ibar nabab (10 deqiqa) Belina sova Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Tá qayxse • “Belina sova ” maki yiskuc nababqan tatsi yintayqn yiskucis hayxnde? • (Tamar nyavndi ba tatsa bana yiskucis hayxnde.)

Nabab ( 8 deqiqa)

Tá qayxse • Hac esn “Belina sova ” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn ta nababmnsue haysi sisnde. • Yi ̋ gadn sanxarzhqan xsapmnd ap gahis nababmnde. • Uc geshn ap gahis gyarn nababm erni haknsnde. • Uc geshn Belina sova maki yiskucis nababmnsi nabab tatsis hayxnde. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn aba gizio. (Tamar nyavnd bá katsis konq maknsi nababmnsueshn hayxnde.) Sisnsuc nabab (15 deqiqa) Ituc sov Aparqn haysi sis ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • “Ituc sov ” maki yiskuc ap gah haran yintayqn harki yistan hayxnde. • (Tamar nyavnd bá badam badamuc tats hayxnsnde.) • Atsi osht pugam ustu petucis wosasam erna no haknsue. • Soy maknsi nababis yintayqn siskuc geshn yintayqn tatsi ibar petuca petarguca wucnde. Nabab aparqn oxh ( 5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde 1. Nansa Shigira Dayma am kipil tamar nyave? 2. Nyave endi eska ert-ketn yista bana kartagucn haran qayxsi yisteo? 3. Sov tunqan ceci soye? Hareshn?

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

63

Ituc sov Nansa Shigira, Dayma masti yiskendi napm kipil tamar nyavndagi yistend. Es kay ert -ketn yista bana kartagucn bá bab dyant eti gapkan shik yisten sova tun dadn shik kinqi yistend. Sov tuna en coram zolaga magi magasnangi yistu. Dyant kinqa bana yistagucn es kay sov tuna en debqan kamam kob yistuc shavqan cecki yistend.Itsayqn ceca uci cobaram bá maski gap atsndi erargu bodam sov tuna enqan vyardi yistu. Ucam dontuc gebaga atsndi sova uc ucki cil pugam pursti akamasni bá giz pakasi ezaga iratkan woxi yistend. Maxn goqn nama Gozar masta yiskena sov tuna enis kitna bá bot eta woxsa atagucn nansa Daymai sov debqan yiskuc shavqan cecki yistn yaken. Ucam sov kitargu keva bá gesh karta hanqa bá bayeshn hayxen.Ucam wű baya hanqa xena-eksteshn qayxsineshn hayxen. Xena eksteshina gap atsnd dubdasnsa atsi bá nyavi kochkan cecnsargueshn xishi tamarse maka kiten. Ucam nansa Shigira, Dayma babi nam karti kochkan itsayqni cecnsargueshn itsayqn kiti baxhu.Ucam gadnsi Shigira, Dayma endi sova tun en debqana kochkana cecargu shidend.Uc geshn gapkan yiskend atsndi cil pugam purstargu. Nabab geshnuc oxh (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde 1. Nansa Shigira Dayma am kipil tamar nyave? (Tamar nyavndi karsnsnde.) 2. Nyave endi eska ert-ketn yista bana kartagucn haran qayxsi yisteo? (Tamar nyavndi karsnsnde.

Gah hig (10 deqiqa) Kart: 1. Harqan : Kelasi harqan yisti yavade. 2. Wosken : Belina wosken wunsa. 3. Harqanan : Wor harqanan hamtsa? 4. Woskenan : Nasa komtukesi woskenan kartnse?

Can 2: 4nuc ab ert

Woyntanuc ert toh: • Qal xam • Ibaram nabab

64

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Nabab ( 40 deqiqa) Sova katsa Qal xam ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Kart : 1. Yiskend 2. Giznda 3. Katsam

Nabab yits ( 20 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 4nuc ertn “Sova katsa” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn kats sisargu nababmnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde kart 1. atseshn 2. xsoxndeshn 3. kochndeshn Sov gaxs kart 1. Koranti gideshn 2. Uceshn 3.Mv qayxseshn 4. Oru gaxseshn 5. Guz maseshn 6. Simar maseshn ………. DMD.(Dumarnd Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • Xsap

Can 2: 5nuc ab ert

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) Qalndeshn porsh uts Qayxsnde Hac esn “Qalnd ” maki yiskuc tovqan xsapnd qalndeshn porsh utsnde. Uc geshn tamar nyavndi qalndeshn bá badam porsh utsni haknsnde. Qal porsh kart:

7 kipil

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1. Obar eyntend masti yiskendi dumars gaham kyap’ ab shidan wol yi ̋am bu-

kaqayguc aba gizio. Amtseshn: • Ind uc’ shidan Dod od “Tasas” • Wox uc’ “Xir” • Kah dont “Yekatit” masti yiskue. 2. Wol shidan gar eynt maki yiskend woli yi ̋am bokaguc vyarpmnda gizio. Amtseshn: • Tam kac “ Sene” • Max dyart “ Hamel” • Nam dyart “ Nahase” masti yiskende. 3. Ser eynt , go dub shidan karm xup’ masti yiskendi vyarpmndi seri yi ̋am bostaguc aba gizio. Amtseshn: • Go dub shidan karm xup’ “ Magabt” • Ing sup’ “ Gimbot” • Kah kart , “Miazia” 4. Shir eynted masti yiskend vyarpmndi: • Kaz dyart “ Meskaram” • Od dyart “ Xiqimt” • Uc’ dyart “ Hidar” masti yiskende. Korant : Xhobt utsaguc koranti tama gizio. Gid : Maki maxaga qayxsis ni yeshknsueshn ni ̋am koysti yiskuc haka gizio. Xsap (25 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (15 deqiqa) Nabab gobqan ap gah kesi yeshas Tá qayxse Hac kamam xsapa “ sova katsa” maki yiskuc harkuc xsapa maxis tatsnsi xsapmde. (Tamar nyavndi xsapmnsnde.)

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 2: 6nuc ab ert

Gobt qayxs Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Sova katsa Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde

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Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Hac “Sova katsa” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn nababmnsue. Nababis yintayqn nababmargu aparqn can 2 ab 6 nuc ertn yiskuc oxhis namas namas petangi oxha uc tohn gahnde (3 deqiqa).

Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! Can 2 ab 6nuc ertn yintayqn gobtn petangi “Sova katsa”maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqnd nalnda yinta yi ̋ tohn gahnde.

Hayx (15 deqiqa) Gah hig Qayxsnde Hac kamam “ Sova katsa” maki yiskuc yintayqni nababmucis donti kipilqan yintayqn nalndeshn hayxnde.

Gah hig (10 deqiqa) Hac dungam qal qayxsis pekal hatsi besagucam gaxsasi x’on gahndis x’onc’i xsapmnde.Gah dentkan maxaga x’on gaheshn max kam qal qayxsis pekal besaguci yistn haknsue. Wosken Wonsan Woynten Omtan

dungam kamam hanucn shika

dutam maxn maxn hac ucagon yi petasn

Tá qayxse 1.Wu ulna no peshken no micha ……. aten. (Wu ulna no peshken no micha dutam aten.) (Wu ulna no peshken no micha omtan aten.) Ni qayxse • Pashtna maxn no qayxse. 2……… tá nalnda tana gez ta ucku. (Omtan tá nalnda tana gez ta ucku.) Qayxsnde Wo tamar nyavndo! haci esn yintayqn woda gizisn qayxsnde. Uc geshn tamar nyavndi qayxsnsnde. 3……. dodi mitsira gizio. • (Woynten dodi mitsira gizio.) 4…….. manti yistnan yakada?

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4…….. manti yistnan yakada? • ( Hanucn manti yistnan yakadao?) 5…….. may tats maxsapis tana nababma yiskue. • (Hac may tats maxsapis tana nababma yiskue. ) • (Maxn maxn may tats maxsapis tana nababma yiskue. ) 6.Ingiliz gahi iquc gaha gizio. …………… Benc’non gahyisind gyar apm iqnsue gaha gizio. •(Ingiliz gahi iquc gaha gizio. Ucagon yi petasn Benc’non gahyisind gyar apm iqnsue gaha gizio. ) 7.Kelasi …….. Mizan Teparn hamtsue. (Kelasi wonsan Mizan Teparn hamtsue.) (Kelasi woynten Mizan Teparn hamtsue.) 8. Tá keti Mizani …….. gizio. Tá keti Mizani shika gizio. Tamar nyavnd karsuc kartis nacknsi bordn kartis itsayqn pikasi xsapmnsi hac dungam estend kuts besaguc qalndam amtsa estuc bodam itsayqn x’on gah xsapmnsueshn hayxnde. Ucam Uc geshn harqan Hayqn hacn shikn Amts: Tá nalnda tana Isportn no hanqu.Ucam Isport qayxsa peshka no kartu. Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qal ert • Nabab • beck

Can 3: 7nuc ab ert

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis becka ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan amts atnsueshn becka ta nababmnsue. 1. “ Yiskendeshn ” maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “ Yisken – d - eshn” petnsue. 2. Hac kasi “Katsamendi ” maki yiskucis becka ta nababman “ kats – am – en – di ” petnsue. • Wo ersasagendo! Qalndis beck yinti nababmagucn bordn xsapi wodam wodam tamar nyavndeshn besnde.

68

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Ni qayxse 3. Wos maxn “Gaxsasnsuci ” maki yiskuc qalndis beck no nababme. Becka no nababman “Gaxs – a – sn -sui ” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. Qayxsnde 4. Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can3 ab 7nuc ertn qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndis beck nababmnde.Qala “Haydrozhina ” maki yiskucis becki nababmnde.Uc geshn “ Hay – dro –zhi – na ” maki karsni haknsnde. Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Sov gaxs bod Nabab aparqnuc oxh ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde “Sov gaxs bod” maki yiskuc ap gah yintayqn nababmargu aparqn yintayqn maxsapm can 3 ab 7nuc ertn yiskuci oxhndis karsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Uc geshn nababeshn yeshuc sivilis noti beqnsi haran yintayqn erasni hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Soy maknsi hac esn gyars pug nab maki yiskuc nababeshn yeshuc sivil noti beqi yintayqn tatsis yintayqn hayxue.Yintayqn tatsis ibar petuca petargucis nababis yintayqn nababmi wursan yintayqn ernsue.Hac esn yintayqn kangi yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababis nababmnde.

Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

Can 3 ab7nuc ertn “Sovis gaxsas bod” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn kay yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi ap gah hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd nababmsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqndeshn koysti yiskuc gats gatsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd ibaram nababmi yiskucis xish beqnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • Wo tamar nyavndo! Sovi hareo? • Sovi kocki yiskuc yi ̋ ambali qalam yisn kayguca gizio. Ni qayxse 7 kipil

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69

Wos maxn “Sovi hara bana bá saqangi yisteo? ” maki yiskuc oxhis pashtna no karsnsue. • ( Sovi haydrozhina oksizhina saqa gizio. • (Haydrozhin + oksizhin = sov ) • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. Qayxsnde Wo tamar nyavndo! Hac kam qayxsuc bodam shidnd oxhndis karsnde.

•

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • xsap

Can 3: 8nuc ab ert

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) Hac dungam estend qalndeshn harknargend porsh koynde. Tá qayxse • Hac “yix ” maki yiskuc harknarguci porshi wog maka gizio. Qayxsnde kart 1. Sov maki yiskuc harknarguc porshi tam petni: 2. Gobm - galn 3. Syap - kol 4. Qingal - bog Xsap (25 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (15 deqiqa) Hac kamam nabab “ sov gaxs bod” maki yiskucis yintayqni nababmuc geshn karsi yi ̋ ap gahis uyntsi xsapmde. Tamar nyavndi bana tatsucwoxn bá qeram qeramuc tatsis xsapmi haknsende. Ucagon yisi petasn yi ̋ wurn yinti uynxam ap gahis kesi bordn xsapmde Gah hig Qayxs 24 Sum petend qala tamis xsapmde. Kart • Tamar nyavndibá qeram qeramuc sumis xsapmi haknsende. Ucagon yisi petn yinti itsayqn ibaram sum petendis xsapmi hakucis xishi beqnde. Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab Can 3: 9nuc ab ert • Hayx • Gah hig •

70

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Ibaram nabab (15 deqiqa) Sov gaxsas bod Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • Can 3 ab 9nuc ertn xsapuc oxhis yintayqn nalnda yinta yi ̋ tohn gartni qayxsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi qayxsnsnde. Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can3 ab 8nuc ertn xsapuc oxhndis soysi kars nababmtsi karsnde. • “Sov gaxs bod” maki yiskuc nabab yintayqn katsis konq maknsi nababmnde. • (Tamar nyavndis karsnsnde.) Hayx (15 deqiqa) Bá qer tats hayx Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! Hac esn sovis wosasan yintayqn gapm atsi gaxsasni yistan yi ̋ tohn gahnde. • {Tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsende.} Gah hig (10 deqiqa) Tá qayxse • Can 3 ab 9nuc ertn oxh gah hig tovqan estendis tana qayxsnsue. • Nansa Kouzhui ert ketn omtan hanqu. Petuc x’on gah • Nama Shoyta woytan ert ketn hamargen. Petarguc x’on gah • Kozhua Shoyta ert ketn hanqaso? Oxh malat Qayxsnde Kart 1. Z’ongi mv zara gizio. • Petuc x’on gah 2. Tá babi ersasaguca gizio. • Petuc x’on gah 3. Ni sumi oneo? • Oxh malat 4. Tá baya qayxsasasergene. • Petarguc x’on gah

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

71

Can 1: 1nuc ab ert

Yirc 6 Atsa bana dyam

Yirc tatsnd Erta hac geshn tamar nyavndi: • Qal qodi besnsende. • Qal becki besnnsende. • Qal porshis hayxnsende. • Bana nababmuc tarikis hayxnsende. • Gah higis ernsende. • Xsapaga higis badasnsende. Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qal ert • Nabab

Can 1: 1nuc ab ert

Qalnd ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis becki ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan max amts becka ta nababmnsue. 1 . “Gamxangi : gam–xa – n –gi ” maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “Gamxangi”petnsue. Ni qayxse 2. Wos maxn “ Hastnanga ” maki yiskuc qalndis becka no nababman “Hast – na – n - ga” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. • Shidnd qalndis uc bodam qayxsmako. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can 1 ab 1nuc ertn qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndis becki nababmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi qayxsnsnde. 3. Qala “ Beqarane ” maki yiskucis becki nababmnde.Uc geshn “beqa-r-ane” maki karsni haknsnde. 4. “ Beystangae” maki yiskuc qalis becki ni nababman “ Beyst - a - n - ga – e” atnsue. 72

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Zhardia Qayxs 2 Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Nabab aparqnuc oxh ( 5 deqiqa) •Wo tamar nyavndo! Dodba ela kura maki yiskuc nababis nababmnde. Uc geshn tamar nyavndi (5 deqiqa) nababmnsueshn hayxnde.Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi uc’ deqiqa dentkan am qalndis nababmadeo? Itsayqn oxhnde.Wos tamar nyavndis wuci beqnde. Qayxsnde •Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) •Hac esn “Dodba ela kura” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn katsis sisargu nababmnde.Nababis yintayqn nababmagucn nabab aparqn yintayqn qayxsuc kartis tatsi yisti nababmnde. •Uc geshn tamar nyavnd Dodba ela kura maki yiskuc nababis bá katsis sisargu yisti nababmako. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Wo tamar nyavndo! Dodba, ela,kura maki yiskuc tosis eri yistade? Nababa Dodba ela kura maki yiskuc yintayqn katsis sisargu nababmnde. Uc geshn tamar nyavndi nababmsnde. Woyntanuc ert toh: • Qalnd • Xsap

Can 1: 2nuc ab ert

Qalnd ( 20 deqiqa) Qalnd porsh uts Qayxsnde 1. Pert - baq 2.Xhog - subs 3. El - xsox zar 4. Muxh – yapargu shida

Xsap Malatndam gaxsasi xsap (20 deqiqa) Nabab gobqan ap gah kesi yeshas

7 kipil

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Qayxs 2: Hac kamam tarika “ Dodba ela kura” maki yiskucis yintayqni nababmuc geshn uc harkuc tarikis tatsnsi xsapmde. (Tamar nyavndi ibaram gah malatndama xsap higis gaxsasangi xsapi yiskucis xishi beqnde.)

Can 1: 3nuc ab ert

Woyntanuc ert toh: • Ibaram nabab • sis • Gah hig • X’on gah xsap

Ibar nabab (10 deqiqa) Dodba ela kura Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Tá qayxse • “Dodba ela kura” maki yiskuc nababqan tatsi yintayqn yiskucis hayxnde? • (Tamar nyavndi ba tatsa bana yiskucis hayxnde.) Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Tá qayxse • Hac esn “Dodba ela kura” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn ta nababmnsue haysi sisnde. • Uc geshn tarikis itsayqndeshn nababmnde. • Tarik gobqan oxhnd kesi itsayqn oxhnde. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn aba gizio. (Tamar nyavnd bá katsis konq maknsi nababmnsueshn hayxnde.) Sisnsuc nabab (15 deqiqa) Max at Aparqn haysi sis ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde •“Max at” maki yiskuc ap gah haran yintayqn harki yistan hayxnde. Tamar nyavnd bá badam badamuc tats hayxnsnde.) •Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde

Nabab aparqnuc oxh ( 5 deqiqa)

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Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Qayxsnde 1. Nababaga ap gahi hareo? Max a Go ni capagucn z’ong ni bukagucn Goc ni gocagucn boy ni tokagucn Dichi ni akagucn orckn ni tokagucn Wor ni donsagucn ket ni gixsagucn Dyami koysti yiskue dubdi koysti yiskue. Max atendeshn max kats petendeshn Dyami itsayqneshn yiskendeshn Ocham qa yxs qayxsi yiskendeshn Bashtnargendeshn buknargendeshn p’azhnargendeshn pargnargendeshn dod xuli canke gatnami gyanqe. Barsa mirashn budi katsargue Pasa maxi bá kay samargue Max ati bome max ati pyaxse. Nabab geshnuc oxh (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde 3.Nababaga ap gahi hareo? (Tamar nyavndi karsnsnde.) Gah hig (10 deqiqa) Hac aparqn tamar nyavndi tamarnuc malatndis karsi itsayqndeshn woshnde. Woyntanuc ert toh: • Ibaram nabab

Can 2: 4nuc ab ert

Nabab ( 40 deqiqa) Benc’ yep dos Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Kart : Hac kamam “ Benc’ yep dos” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababmuc geshn hac dungam yiskuc oxhis karsnde.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

75

2. 3. 4. 5.

”Benc’i wobskangian yiskue” maki hareo? Atsa iqi bavagucn maki hareo? Nyava buc qerqan haragi yitsi yisteo? Woskenan zosi xsestnseo? Sar masti yiskuci hareo?

Kart 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

cunamuc ats hayb shidan wox qoy woxi maski go-inchn yitsuc geshn wox bam

1.

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • Xsap

Can 2: 5nuc ab ert

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) Qalndeshn porsh uts Qayxsnde 1. Hac esn qal ert maki yiskucis tovqan xsapnd qalndeshn porsh utsnde. Uc geshn tamar nyavndi qalndeshn bá badam porsh utsni haknsnde. Qal porsh kart: 1. Go-inch - woxi yisn yitsaguc shach shidan alga 2. Pur – megn kob 3. Yilash - keynt 4. Gadnyav – bach shidan zar mayn nyav 5. Dayn - wox duk kuts Xsap (25 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (15 deqiqa) Nabab gobqan ap gah kesi yeshas Tá qayxse Hac kamam xsapa “ Benc’ yep dos” maki yiskuc harkuc xsapa maxis tatsnsi xsapmde. (Tamar nyavndi xsapmnsnde.)

Can 3: 6nuc ab ert

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

76

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa)

“Benc’ yep dos” Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Hac “Benc’ yep dos ” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn nababmnsue. Nababis yintayqn nababmargu aparqn can3 ab 6 nuc ertn yiskuc oxhis namas namas petangi oxha uc tohn gahnde (3 deqiqa). Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! Can 2 ab 6nuc ertn yintayqn gobtn petangi “ Benc’ yep dos” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqnd nalnda yinta yi ̋ tohn gahnde. Hayx (15 deqiqa) Gah hig Qayxsnde Hac kamam “Benc’ yep dos ” maki yiskuc yintayqni nababmucis donti kipilqan yintayqn nalndeshn hayxnde. Gah hig (10 deqiqa) Hac dungam yiskend gah dyamasagend qalam x’on gahis xsapmde. 1. Uceshn • Ket qexsu.Uceshn purn ta keskue. 2. Ucam • Belin gyavi kesknue. Ucam worsasni. Dumarndis uc bodam tamar nyavndis qayxsasnde. Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qal ert • Nabab • beck

Can 3: 7nuc ab ert

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis becka ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan amts atnsueshn becka ta nababmnsue.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

77

• “ Bazhi ” maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “ Ba – zh - i” petnsue. • Hac kasi “ Yistueshn ” maki yiskucis becka ta nababman “ Yist –u – eshn ” petnsue. • Wo ersasagendo! Qalndis beck yinti nababmagucn bordn xsapi wodam wodam tamar nyavndeshn besnde. Ni qayxse • Wos maxn “erstangi ” maki yiskuc qalndis beck no nababme. Becka no nababman “ Ersta – a –n -gi ” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. Qayxsnde 1. Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can 3 ab 7nuc ertn qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndis beck nababmnde.Qala “Qayxsndi” maki yiskucis becki nababmnde.Uc geshn “ Qay – xs –n – di ” maki karsni haknsnde. Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Bazham qayxs Nabab aparqnuc oxh ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde “Bazham qayxs ” maki yiskuc ap gah yintayqn nababmargu aparqn yintayqn maxsapm can 3 ab 7nuc ertn yiskuci oxhndis karsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Uc geshn nababeshn yeshuc sivilis noti beqnsi haran yintayqn erasni hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Soy maknsi hac esn bazham qayxs maki yiskuc nababeshn yeshuc sivil noti beqi yintayqn tatsis yintayqn hayxue.Yintayqn tatsis ibar petuca petargucis nababis yintayqn nababmi wursan yintayqn ernsue.Hac esn yintayqn kangi yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababis nababmnde. Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Can 3 ab7nuc ertn “ Bazham qayxs ” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn kay yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi ap gah hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd nababmsnde

78

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

• Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqndeshn koysti yiskuc gats gatsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd ibaram nababmi yiskucis xish beqnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Ni qayxse Wo tamar nyavndo! Bazham qayxs maki hareo? • Bazham qayxs maki atsi dubdam shidan namas kam atangi oshtni maxnasi maxnasn qayxsi yiskuc qayxs boda gizio. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. Qayxsnde Wo ersasagendo! Oxhis nababqan kesi tamar nyavndis oxhnde. Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • xsap

Can 3: 8nuc ab ert

Qalnd porsh ( 10 deqiqa) Hac dungam estend qalndeshn max at porsh utsnde. Tá qayxse • Hac “Bazh ” maki yiskuc harknarguci porshi maxn qayxs maka gizio. Qayxsnde kart • Qad maki yiskuc harknarguc porshi bot petani: • Konda – xsiram qayxsuc shap’a gez gun. • Gez - uc zar • Wop’ – dac hayam qayxsi yiskuc gezi yi ̋am ucni yiskuc

Xsap (25 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (15 deqiqa) • Yintayqn gobtn gobtn yintayqn qodnde. Uc geshn yintayqn gapm bazham qayxsi yiskuc qayxsi kursnsi xsapmde. Uc geshn yintayqn nalndeshn nababmi sisnde. • (Tamar nyavndi bana tatsucwoxn bá qeram qeramuc tatsis xsapmi haknsende. Ucagon yi petasn yi ̋ wurn yinti uynxam ap gahis kesi bordn xsapmde.)

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

79

Xsap hig Yintayqn ersasaguci nababmi yiskend uc’ qalndis yintayqn dabtarn xsapmde 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ Kart 1. Xsoxmbat 2. Ert-ket 3. Shashkin 4. Otsar Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • xsap

Can 3: 9nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Tá qayxse • Nababa bazham qayxs maki yiskucis karsa yintayqndeshn ta nababmnsue. Uc geshn yintayqn nabab ap gah tam yintayqn hayxnsue. • Uc geshn ersasaguci nababmsende. Ni qayxse • Wos hanch ta nababmuc nabab ap gahi haran tam yintayqn dentkan hayxnsue oneo? • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi hayxnsnde. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. Qayxsnde Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Bazham qayxs Nabab aparqnuc oxh ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas

80

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Qayxsnde “Bazham qayxs ” maki yiskuc ap gah yintayqn nababmargu aparqn yintayqn maxsapm can 3 ab 7nuc ertn yiskuci oxhndis karsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Uc geshn nababeshn yeshuc sivilis noti beqnsi haran yintayqn erasni hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Soy maknsi hac esn bazham qayxs maki yiskuc nababeshn yeshuc sivil noti beqi yintayqn tatsis yintayqn hayxue.Yintayqn tatsis ibar petuca petargucis nababis yintayqn nababmi wursan yintayqn ernsue.Hac esn yintayqn kangi yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababis nababmnde.

Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Can 3 ab7nuc ertn “ Bazham qayxs ” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn kay yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi ap gah hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd nababmsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqndeshn koysti yiskuc gats gatsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd ibaram nababmi yiskucis xish beqnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Ni qayxse Wo tamar nyavndo! Bazham qayxs maki hareo? • Bazham qayxs maki atsi dubdam shidan namas kam atangi oshtni maxnasi maxnasn qayxsi yiskuc qayxs boda gizio. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. Qayxsnde Wo ersasagendo! Oxhis nababqan kesi tamar nyavndis oxhnde

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

81

Yirc 7

Can 1: 1nuc ab ert

Xhat tyav Xhat tyav Yirca hacaga tats Erta hac geshn tamar nyavndi •

Qlndis xamia beckia nababmsende Nabab gobqan yiskend ap gahis kesi hayxnsende Yeshnend nababis nababmi naba qopa badasi hayxnsende Qalnd porshis ibaram eri hayxnsende Qalndeshn harkni yiskenda harknargend qala porsh utsnsende X’on gah gobqan pidala gah malata iratis badasi pikasnsende Nababis haysi sisknsi naba qopa tatsis badasi hayxnsende X’on gah gobqan kuts besagend qalndis badasi hayxnsende

• • • • • • •

• •

Woyntenuc ert ab toh Qal ert Nabab

Qal ert (5 deqiqa)

Xam Ni qayxe • Wo tamar nyavndo!yintayqn maxsapkan “xam” maki estend oxhndeshn hac amtsis maxn ni qayxsu geshn yintayqn dabtarn qayxsi besnde. Amts : “To-p’i-qan” maki beckanqi estendis xama qal no qayxsan “Top’iqan” atnsue.Uc geshn maxn yintayqn qaris konq maknsi maxn nababnde. Qayxsnde 1nuc can 1nuc abm qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xam maki yiskucis xamnsi nababnde (4 deqiq). Kart 1. gaxsasni 2.itsayqndeshn 3.doseshn 4.dumarsndeshn 5.nabmsargueshn • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana xamend qalndis nababmi bá nalndeshn sisnsueshn gatsnde.

82

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Nabab (35 deqiqa) Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo!yintayqni nababis nababmaguc aparqn estend oxhnden kat yintayqn qalam hayxnde. • Atsi har nabeshn xhat tyavi yisteo? • Xhat tyavi godi eri yiste? hareshn? Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “ Xhat tyav” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmsi naba qopa badasi ernde.Uc geshn yintayqni nababis wursu geshn naba qopais yintayqn nalndeshn hayxnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (20 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Qayxs 1 • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “Nabab geshnuc oxh” maki yiskuc tovqan naba qopa amtsam estende.Ucagisn amtsaga bodam shidendis x’oc’nde.(15 deqiqa) utsnsi tamar nyavndi ibaram qayxsi yiskucis xishi beqnde. • Yi ̋ gadnuc anqaxs ap gahi hareo? Hacaga abqan no doda Top’iqan xhat tyavi yisken atsnid pyadi gebian yevi yisku petucis hayxnsende. • Ibar yintayqni hayxue maki hayxnsi namnasnuc anqaxsn ap gahi hareo? Xhat tyavi atsaga dig debma giz debma ats kats debma wogasi irat hatsi yiskue maki hayxnsende.Uci bodam shidend anqaxs ap gahis yinti oxhn tamar nyavndi karsnsueshn zoysasnde. Qayxs 2 • Wo tamar nyavndo! namas namas atangi hac dungam estend oxhndeshn kart xsapmnde. Kart 1. Xhat tyavi atsaga dig debma giz debma ats kats debma wogasi irat hatsi yiskue. 2. cil koynteshna mvaga uli kobcnsueshn hatsi yiskue. 3. Noni celnsueshna gashi itnsueshn hatsi yiskue. 4. Kasi piknqan xola sutaga cani xsunsueshn hatsi yiskue.

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal porsh • Xsap

7 kipil

Can 1: 2nuc ab ert

Ersasaguc maxsap

83

Qal porsh (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • Wo tamar nyavndo! A tovqan estend qalndis B tovqan estenda pasha amtsis maxn ni qayxsuc geshn shidendis ingasnde. Amts : 1nuc kart “cod” maki yiskuca gizio. Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! 1nuc can 2nuc abm estend qlndeshn harkni yiskendis koyi xsapmnde.(5 deqiqa) Kart: 1.cod 2.vyanx 3.soytnsueshn 4.kangwoyn 5.zhul Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Ta qayxs • 1nuc can 2nuc abm “Tarik xsap” maki yiskuc tovqan (Shav) masti estuc toham kaz anqaxs xsapmnde mastue.Ucagisn tana anqaxsi wosasaman xsapi yistan max anqaxs xsapa yintayqn tabesnsue. Shavi ats nyavndeshn koysti yiskuc dyadqanuc maxubaba gizio. Shavi bá badam badamuc gaxsis ats nyavndeshn utsi yiskue.Shavi gaxs utsi tiskuci wola obara bá abis baqnsi buknsueshn obari obtnsueshna hatsi yiskue.Shavi xsoxndi bavnsargueshn yix kuts ati gaxs utsi yiskue.Shavi act qayxseshn gaxs utsi yiskue.Shavi dodi cobaram bá masnsargueshn baqi yiskue. Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! 1nuc can 2nuc abm “Shav” masti estuc tohis gaxsasni yintayqn ersasaguci xsapi besuc bodam kaz anqaxs xsapi besnde.(15 deqiqa) utsnsi wuci beqnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana xsapuc anqaxsis bá nalndeshn

nababmsi yi ̋ naba qopa petendis badasi hayxnsueshn gatsnde. Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Ta qayxs Giramatikal katsa yirca konqa Giramatikal katsa yirca konqa masti yiskuci xsapkan itsayqn debm malatis ni yitsarguc yistan itsayqn porshis badasi ni haknsargenda gizio. Hac dungam sanxarazha yiskuckan yiskucis xisham nababmnde.

Ba yi Bá yi ̋

84

wu wű

ni nű ta ní ni ̋ tá

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac kamam amts utsi ni qayxsi bequc wosn hac dungam yintayqni ochnasuceshn amtsaga bodam kart xsapnde. Amts : Nam baya bá simar masken. Ni ̋ dorndi bava maki yiavndi yeki yistende. Kart Hac dungam saxinqan yiskendis yi ̋ dungam kutsa gala yiskuckan kursa x’onc’o.

bá ba

yi ̋ yi

wű wu

Nasa bá mashta Maxn goqn nasa yi ̋ mashta pashtni keta maxqan yistend. Wusa dutam donta bá gyav cacka buna ba kesu geshn bá bes dadn bá nyav woswusn nyavi yi ̋ xsegn nasi wű gyav ucni atu geshn yi ̋ tokasndi bá kangi xsesti dubdnend. Uc geshn wű gyava uci soski qup’argu shidu. Ucam wű besi petuc gaham yanqi donti bá masht dekn atsnda gyav ucni yevendi shidangi karti its cobqan vyardende masta.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

85

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nabab • Haysi sis • Gah hig

Can 1: 3nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Xhat tyav Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “Xhat tyav” maki yiskuc toh debm yintayqni nababmuc nababqan yintayqni eri yiskucis yintayqn nalndeshn wodam wodam hayxnde. Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “Xhat tyav” maki yiskuc tohn yeshnuc nabab gobqan anqaxs maxa nama wodam wodam maxnasi nababman maxnasi haysi sisnsuc kasi haysi siskuci nababman nababmuci haysi sisn nababmnde.Haysi siski yistuci nababmi yiskueshn irati yisku petan yi ̋eshn pikasi hayxnmake. Sisnsuc tarik (20 deqiqa) Damba uc Sisnsuc tarik aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac “Damba uc” maki yiskuc nababi yintayqneshn shiknsue.Nababis yintayqni haysi sisaguc aparqn yintayqn maxsapkan estuc oxh debm yintayqn budin gahnde. • Damba uci har irat hatsnseo? tamar nyavndi bá budn gahnsi bana era yiskuc wosn karsnsende. Sis (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

• Hac yintayqni gartnangi karsucis tatsi yisti yintayqneshn nababasi yiskucis soysi haysi sisnde.Yintayqni haysi sisagucn 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend oxhndis karsnsue. • Wo ersasagendo! Ersasaguc maxsapm “Damba uc” maki yiskucis yinti nababmagucn tamar nyavndi ap gahis kesi bá dabtarn uxnsi oxhndeshn kart utsnsueshn hayxnde.

86

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Damba uc Damba hayi ucni gadasnuci yizqnend Amerika atsndam goqna gizio.Amerkan atsndi tama sapnanuc bergam goqn damba hayis get harkucam qixsam ucki yistn beqend Aropa atsndi gaxsi yisn yiskue maki wogasi bá qayxs kamm tokend.Uc geshn damaba hayis Aropa gabeshn shirshi gadend.Uci bodam tama napnanuc bergam goqn damba uci Aropa atsnd dosa bani bá saqni hakue.Uc abam goqn dambai aynis baysi yiskue kasi ats nyavis zoysi yiskue maki cod atsndi bá tatsis hayxi yistende.Dap dap maki yisti akum babmndi pugnasndis wuci kansar pugis yapmi hakende.Yi ̋ nabis bana xisha ernsueshn marazhandis dubdasnsi tyapasi wuci gadend.Bá wucam goqn damais ucki yiskend atsndi kansereshna dumarnd pugaeshn usti itsayqndi yiskuci wogasi ersti yevue. Damaba uci hanend pugndeshn hatsnsu harki yisteo? Bá badam badamend damba ucki yiskend atsndi damba ucnsueshn hatsi yiskend gahndi shidan nabi yiskue.Max max atsndi damba ucis sostesha wobseshna hatsi beqi yiskende.Max maxndi kasi kasar kasama ucama dumarnd bodam girn bana vyardaman kugnsi shidan yanqnsi damba uckan vyardi yisku petuci hayxasni yiskue.Dumarsi cet nyava wor nyavai bá nalnd kitam damba ucni haki yiskende.Max maxndi kasi damba uci zoysi yiskue maki ucni haki yiskende. Damba gobqan “Tar, karbon mono oksayda, nikotin” masti yiskuc ats nyavndis dos uxasi yiskend gahndi yiskende.Enda dos uxasnagendi ats nyvndi eskay dosnsueshn hatsi yiskende.Itsayqnd dentkan wogasi dos uxasi yiskuci “Nikotin” masti yiskuca gizio. “Nikotini” damba hay gobqan yabsti yiskuc sov harkuc petan zoyseshna dos uxaseshna yi ̋ gidi eza gizio. Ats nyavndi damba ucaguc abam goqn “Nikotin” masti yiskuci gyarn itsayqn gom vyardi sutabani bá saqnsue.Uc geshn may bodam kocki debm vyardnsue.Endeqn yitsi napm daqiqa gobma gizio. “Nikotin” masti yiskuci debm bana vyardu geshn damba ucki yiskend atsndeshn kobc ab kazh utsni haknsue.Yi petasn “Nikoti” gyarn kobci yiskueshn yi utsi yiskuc kazhi kobc abeshna gizio.Uci nabeshn qazqi damba uceshn ulasi yi yiskueshn yekn yekn damba ucki yiskende.Ueshn damba dosam ats nyvi iratni yiskue. Damba ucki yiskend atsndi damba nabam itayqn guzn bá badam badamuc gahi bestni haki yiskue.Endeqnd : pikn qixh qaza, mvis mayqan baysa dumarnda gizio.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

87

Sisnsuc tarik geshnuc oxh (10 deqiqa) Qyxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac yintayqni nababasn haysi sisknsi ap gah uxuc bodam estend oxhndeshn kartis yintayqn dabtarn xsapnde. Kart 1.1 Damba uci gadasnuci onam goqneo? yizqnend Amerika atsndam goqna gizio. 2. Damba gobqan yiskend kemikalndi hareo? Damba gobqan kemikalndi “Tar, karbon mono oksayda, nikotin” masti yiskende. 3. Damba gobm wogasi atsis dos uxasaguci hanuceo? wogasi dos uxasi yiskuci “Nikotin” masti yiskuca gizio. Gah hig Shidan “Shidan” maki yiskuci maxaga gahis ats nyavi kursi yiskuc petucis besi yiskuc qala gizio. Amts • Cer shidan zoq paris gotna ta tatsa yiskue. •Xhil shidan dal suris ta cuna yiskue. • Xsid shidan zoqi tá haxhi yiskue. Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac yintayqni amtsa bequc bodam “shidan” maki yiskucam x’on gah yintayqn dabtarn xsapi yintayqn ersasagucn besnde. Tamar nyavnd maxsapkan 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend gah hig maki yiskuc toqan estend kutsa galqan amtsga bodam x’on gah xsapi besnsende. Woyntenuc ert ab • Nabab

Can 2: 4nuc ab ert

Nabab(40 deqiqa) Dosaga irat Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 2nuc can 4nuc abm “Dosaga irat” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababaguc aparqn bá badam badamend dosndam usti har zar irat eti wunsan yintayqn budin gahnde.Uc geshn yintayqn budin yintayqni gahucis maxnasi donti kipilqan yiskend tamar nyavndeshn hayxnmake.

88

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

• Dosi hatsi yiskuc iratis eri yistade? Yintayqn nalndeshn qalam hayxnde.

dig debma, giz debma, ats debma iratis hatsi yiskenda gizio. • Atsis dos uxasagend gahndi hanendeo? danba uca, xhat tyava, araq uca erstangi yiskenda gizio. Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa) • 2nuc can 4nuc abm “Dosaga irat” maki yiskuc nabab tovqan estuc nababis yintayqni nababmagucn hareshn? Wosasam? maki oxhi yisti kartis yintayqni yapmseueshn yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh(25 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac 2nuc can 4nuc abm estend oxhndeshn yintayqni bequc amts bodam nababm koy shidendeshn kart yintayqn dabtarn xsapmnde. • Hac kamam “Dosaga irat”maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni xisham nababmuc geshn hac dungam estuc oxhis xsapi karsnde. 1. Dos ats uxasagendi hanendeo? danba uca, xhat tyava, araq uca erstangi yiskenda gizio. 2. Damba gobm yiskend kemikalndi har masti yiskendeo? Damba gobqan kemikalndi “Tar, karbon mono oksayda, nikotin” masti yiskende. 3. Damba uci har pugeshn hatsi yisteo? gom pugeshna, kansereshna dumarn pugeshna ustni haknsende. 4. Xhat tyavi har irat hatsnseo? Wogasi cet nyava wor nyava bá nyav bergam tamarnsargueshna qayxsis qayxsnsargueshna kep’ ati qayxs etkua erateshna yanqeshna ati yiskende. 5. Araq uci har zar irat hatsnseo? Araq uc dosi digaga debm irat hatsa gireshna hatsi yiskue.Araq uci goz’qa bana yiskueshn baxheshna bukeshna it qayxseshna hatsi yiskue. Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Xsap

Can 2: 5nuc ab ert

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Ta qyxs • Woynten qalndeshn harknargend qalis koy ni qayxsnsue. “uc” maki yiskuc qaleshn harknarguc qali “mv” maki yiskuc atnsue. Qayxsnde • Wo tamarnyavndo! Hac yintayqneshn amtsa estuc bodam 2nuc can 5nuc abm qala estendeshn harknarguc qalis koy yintayqn dabtarn qayxsnde. Kart

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

89

1.E

2.C

3.B

4.G

5.A 6.D

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Naba qopa bodam xsap anqaxs xsap Qayxsnde • Hac 2nuc can 5nuc abm “Tarik xsap” maki yiskuc tovqan nababa qopa bodam “araq uc” maki yiskuc tohis gaxsasnsi anqaxs xsapnde.Uc geshn yintayqni xsapuc tarikis wodam wodam donti yintayqn nalnden nababmnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana xsapuc tarikis donti wodam wodam nababmnsueshn zoysasnde. Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • 2nuc can 5nuc abm “xsapaga hig” maki yiskuc tovqan pikni xsapargend x’on gahis pikasi ni xsapnsue. Amts : “uci arq ats goci yiskue” maki yiskucis ibaram pikasi ni xsapan “Araq uci ats goci yiskue” maki yiskucis atnsue. Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac kamam amtsa qayxsuc bodam pikasi x’on gah xsai besnde. Kart 1.Araq uci ats goci yiskue. 2.Tamarnend atsndi kac’i xhimch qayxsn ba vyardan soy qopas petnsende. 3.Atsndi shavis kac’i xhimcheshn dogi wursende. 4.Bá xishargend atsndis ech ay bi edisi uxnsue. Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 2: 6nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Dosaga irat Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Ta qayxs • Wo tamar nyavndo! “Dosaga irat” maki yiskuc nabab anqaxs maxis bá badam badamuc bodam tana nababm haysi sisnde.Uc geshn yintaqni tana nababm siskuc bodam maxis kursnsi yi ̋ wosn harkasi nababmi sisnde. Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa)

90

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Qayxsnde • 2nuc can 6nuc abm“Dosaga irat” maki yiskuc nababis qalndis pidalis gah malatis endeqnis tatsi yisti yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam ibaram nababmnde.Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmaguc itsayqn dentkan wobti yisti zoysasnde. Hayx (20 deqiqa) Morstn Qayxsnde 2nuc can 5nuc abm “araq uci ats godi yiskuca kasi ats godi erargu maki yiskuc debm • nam budin atangi morstnde”yintayqn budinam atangi yintayqneshn estuc gah debm morstnde masti estuc debm morstnde.kaz ukaris kursnsi itsayqni morstnsueshn hatsnde.ukar mastendi hac dungam estuc bodam detsasi morstasn mako. • Bá eshn estuc abis yi ̋ satam gaxsasnuc petuc • Yi ̋ tohabani hanqi yiskuc tatsis yi hayxi yiskuc petuc • Bana hayxa yiskuci marazham hayxi yiskuc petuc • Bá yar baqnsi hayxi yiskuc petuc • Bana morstna yiskuc gaheshn ibar kart utsi yiskuc petuc • Báeshn estuc abis ibar

Gah hig (10 deqiqa) X’onargend x’on gahis ibaram x’onc’i xsap Ni qayxs • 2nuc can 6nuc abm “Gah hig” maki yiskuc tovqan estend dosndis pashtni maxn ni qayxse. Amts : “Dos uxasagendi ats godi yiskuca gisn …” maki yiskucis x’nc’i ni xsapan Dos uxasagendi ats godi yiskuca gisn dosn yista no badne.

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Nabab

7 kipil

Can 3: 7nuc ab ert

Ersasaguc maxsap

91

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Qayxsnde • Hac ni ni tamartnsuci qalis beck maki yiskuca gizio.Tamar nyavnd maxsapkan 3nuc can 7nuc abm estend qalndis becknsi nababmnde. Amts: dumarndi du-ma-rn-di Kart 1. dosasnagendi _____________ 2. haknsargende _____________ 3. badnsuci _____________ 4. gostanqi _____________ 1.do-sa-sna-gend 2.hakn-sar-gende 3.badn-su-ci 4.gos-tan-qi Nabab (30 deqiqa) Dosasnagendqan yisti badn bod Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • “Dosasagendqan yisti badn bod” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababmaguc aparqn 3nuc can 7nuc abm estend oxhndis yintayqn qalam karsnde. • Dos uxasagendam ust maki har makeo? Kart: Dos uxasagendeshn bá kuchis uts maka gizio. • Dos uxasagendqan yisti badni hakasnse? Wosasam? Kart: Dosndqan yisti badi hakasansue.Ucisnd bá qeris gash karsi noti beqa soyaga nalndis kursi uxa ket atsnda bani soyam yista soyaga nababagu ats peta gizio Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! “Dosasnagendqan yisti badn” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmi yisti naba qopa petendis badasnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqn dentkan wobti xishi beqnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! 3nuc can 7nuc abm nabaqan yisti keskend oxhndeshn karts xsapmnde. Kart 1. Ats nyavndis dosam uxasagendi hanendeo? Kart: damba uca xhat tyava araq uca 2. Dosndam uxi ats debm hatsi yiskuc irati hareo? Kart: Bá qeris bana koyuc woxn detsasni haknsargende. 3. Dosndam ustend atsndi yi ̋qan yisti badnsuc bodi hareo? Kart: bá qer erta soyaga nalnd kursa bá ket atsndeshn tatsa bá qeris doskan 92

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

yitsa bana badnsueshn hatsa gizio. 4. Dsndqan yisti badn gaxs hareo? Kart: itsayqn guz diga giza gap atsa bana soyam yisteshn irati yistnsargue. Bá qereagon petasn bá ket atsndis soyam detsasni haknsende. 5. Bá badam badamend dosndam yintayqni ustan har yintayqni yitsnsan yintayqn nalndeshn donti wodam wodam hayxnde? Kart:tamar nyavndi bana tatsa yiskuci bá tatsis hayxni shidan xsapmi haknsende.

• •

Woyntenuc ert ab toh Qal ert Xsap

Can 3: 8nuc ab ert

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Harkni yiskenda harknargenda porsh uts Qayxsnde • Hac wo tamar nyavndo! 3nuc can 8nuc abm estend qalndeshn harki yiskend qalndis koy xsapmnde. Kart 1. gebaga = codaga 2. dumars = bá badamuc 3. beqi = noti 4. Potnsueshn = burshnsueshn 5. detsasni = dabasi • Hac wo tamar nyavndo! 3nuc can 8nuc abm estend qalndeshn harknargend qalndis koy xsapmnde. Kart 1.dentkan= gashkan 2.kesan = vyardan 3.cunas = gagnas 4.ibaram = axaxam 5.pakasi = dubdasi 6.soyam = itam Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Naba qopa bodam anqaxs xsap Qayxsnde

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

93

• 2nuc can 5nuc abm “Araq uc” maki yiskucam yintayqni xsapucis nam anqa-

xs naba qopa bodam soysi karsi xsapnde.(20 deqiqa) utsnsi tamar nyavndi pikasi xsapu geshn itsayqn dabtaris aki eti hanqi aramnde. Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 3nuc can 8nuc abm estend xsapaga hig maki yiskueshn hac aparqn yintayqni tamarnuc bodam kart xsapnde. “Shidan” maki yiskuci maxaga gahis ats nyavi kursi yiskuc petucis besi yiskuc qala gizio. Amts • Cer shidan zoq paris gotna ta tatsa yiskue. • Xhil shidan dal suris ta cuna yiskue. • Xsid shidan zoqi tá haxhi yiskue. Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nababm • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 3: 9nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa)

Dosasnagendqan yisti badn Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! yntayqni ibaram nababguc aparqn “Nababis soy maki hayxi nabab” maki har petan yintayqn qalam hayxnde. • Nababis soy maki hayxi nabab maki maxaga nababis pidalis byatargu yisti xsegi nababa qalis beckargu yisti nabab gah malatndis ibaram xsegi nababa maka gizio. • Yintayqni zolase! Maki nacnsi yintayqni nababmagucn oxh malati yistan nababis oxh hatsi kasi yintayqni nababmagucn nac malati yistan nababis nac hatsi nababnde maki kitnde.

94

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 3nuc can 7nuc abm “Dosndqan yisti badn” maki yiskuc nabab gobqan yi ̋ gadnuc anqaxsn gadnsi max deqiqam hak bitasi soysi hayxi yisti nababnde. • Wo ersasagendo! max deqiqa itsayqni nababmuc geshn itsayqn am anqaxsan nababmasan oxhnde.Uc geshn kasi bana yitsucn gadnsi max deqiqa itayqni nababmsueshn utsnde.Bá eshn estuc abis uci bodam qayxsi wursnsueshn gatsnde. Hayx (20 deqiqa) Marazham ustnangi yiskuc gah Qayxsnde • “Dos uxasagendi atsnd dentkan soyam yistnsargueshn hatsi yiskue shidan hatsargue” maki yiskuc tats debm yeshnangi yevi yintayqni gahnsueshn 3nuc can 8nuc abm hayxasnue.Ucagisn hac yi ̋ debm yintayqni gahnsue.Yi ̋ gadn tamar nyavndi bá cunam uc geshn budinam atangi gahnde.Haysi yinti sisku geshn itsayqndi gahuc debm yint tats hayxnde. • Itsayqni gahuci estuc gah tohn petucis • Ibaram gahis qala gah higa gaxsasni gahucis • Amts utsi itsayqni gahni hakucis xishi beqnde. Gah hig (10 deqiqa) X’on gah qayxs Qayxsnde • 3nuc can 9nuc abm “Gah hig” maki yiskuc tovqan estend oxhndeshn kart xsapmnde.(5 deqiqa) utsi itsayqn dentkan wobti wuci beqnde. • Tamar nyavndi bana xsapuc x’on gah gobqan maxis yinteshn nababmsueshn oxhnde. Yits besagend x’on gah “Yiys besagend x’on gah” maki mzxaga x’on gah gobqan petucis shiban petnsuc gah hayxi yisnd qalam gaxsasni xsapi yiskue. Amts : “Tá ingi hayban ayntanue” maki yiskuc x’on gah gobqan yits besaguc qali “hayban” maki yiskucagizio. Hac kamam estuc amtsaga bodam x’on gah gobqan yitsi besagend qalndis kesi xsapmnde. 1.Gizi tám yistasan par gotn tanue. Kart:yistan 2.Wonsan ne wuan sok mvi yiskue. Kart:wuan 3.Goi tám yistasan qayxsn tanue Kart :yistan

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

95

4.Biri tám yistasan xham gotn tanue. Kart:yistan 5.Wonsan woli bukan inch tokn tanue. Kart :bukan

96

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Can 1: 1nuc ab ert

Yirc 8 Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegide

Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegide

Yirca hacaga tats Erta hac geshn tamar nyavndi • Dqlndis xamia beckia nababmsende • Katsaga tarik xsapuc aba yitsuc kutsa yi ̋ yaram pikasi nababmnsende • Gahndis aba yitsuc kutsa yi ̋ yaram pikasi xsapmnsende • Nababaga gobqan yiskend ap gahndis tyapasi hayxnsende • Qalndeshn harkni yiskenda harknargend qala porsh utsnsende • Nababis ibaram nababmnsende • Nababis haysi sisknsi naba qopa tatsis badasi hayxnsende • X’on gah gobqan kuts besagend qalndis badasi hayxnsende

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Nabab Qal ert (5 deqiqa) Xam Ni qayxe • Wo tamar nyavndo!yintayqn maxsapkan “xam” maki estend oxhndeshn hac amtsis maxn ni qayxsu geshn yintayqn dabtarn qayxsi besnde. Amts : “na-sn-da” maki beckanqi estendis xama qal no qayxsan “nasnda” atnsue.Uc geshn maxn yintayqn qaris konq maknsi maxn nababnde. Qayxsnde 1nuc can 1nuc abm qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xam maki yiskucis xamnsi nababnde (4 deqiq).

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

97

Kart

•Gi-yo-r-gis = Giyorgis •Mi-ni-li-ka-ga = Minilikaga •Go-tn-su-eshn = Gotnsueshn •Bo-ga-sn-ne-nue = Bogasnnenue • Xsa-di-qe-shn = Xsadiqeshn •Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana xamend qalndis nababmi bá nalndeshn sisnsueshn gatsnde. Nbab (35 deqiqa) Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegide Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo!yintayqni nababis nababmaguc aparqn estend oxhnden kat yintayqn qalam hayxnde. • Mayt xhadi soyage iteo? • Tamar nyavndi bana tatsa yiskuc wosn bá tatsis hayxni haknsende. Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “ Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegide” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmsi naba qopa badasi ernde.Uc geshn yintayqni nababis wursu geshn naba qopais yintayqn nalndeshn hayxnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (20 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Qayxs 1 • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “Nabab geshnuc oxh” maki yiskuc tovqan naba qopa amtsam estende.Ucagisn amtsaga bodam shidendis x’oc’nde.(15 deqiqa) utsnsi tamar nyavndi ibaram qayxsi yiskucis xishi beqnde. • Tyata Minilikaga mayt xhadnas petend itsa Gobana Daxhew 1859 mar bergam obarinap vyard kob yisken shawais bana gotnsueshn yitsuc mayt xhadam zhiru dod yent atsnd yistn nasnda Ayitenepesu masti yiskendam kastuci oneo? Kart: Habte Giyorgis • Onagi xhebo atsis kata ni ketn wogasuco karsa eta wuo.Nena eta wuashidan wotam nena yabstan ni ̋ ketis bogasnnenue maki eysis haxasadeo? Kart : Tyata Minilik

98

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

• Tyata Miniliki cet nyava Habte Giyorgisis bana etuc geshn timirtis soysi tamartasi yisti itsayqni qanqi yirsnsueshn uch-ket toh petend oneshn utsadeo? Kart : Wolde Xsadiqeshn • Habte Giyorgisi tamarni yistagucn gapa uckan haragi atadeo? Kart : beli wogasi dontu • 1898M.B goqn Adua mayt xhadni yisti hayqendi oneo? Kart : itsa Gebeyew • Itsa Habtei atsi kit ertama bá tag bats ert nabama itsaga sumi har masti wozqadeo? Kart : “Aba mala petan yi ̋ porshi gah bab” masti xsestende. • Itsa Habtegyorgis Dengedei p’ad bergis pursti peshknsi wosken hayqadeo? Kart : vyarpa odaga 13/1919 M.B hayqende Qayxs 2 • Wo tamar nyavndo! namas namas atangi hac dungam estend oxhndeshn kart xsapmnde. Kart Sum

Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegide

Its bab yent kutsi harqaneo?

xhebo

Its bay yent kutsi harqaneo?

Gurage boz mesenge

Itsi kastuc bergi woskeneo?

1859 mar bergam

1898M.B goqn on kutsn ukarasadeo?

itsa Gebeyew

Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegidei onam ukarasadeo?

tyta Minilika gena Xaytu

“Aba mala” masti hareshn wozqadeo?

atsi kit ertama bá tag bats ert nabama

Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegide 13/1919 M.B har petadeo?

hayqende

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal porsh • Xsap

7 kipil

Can 1: 2nuc ab ert

Ersasaguc maxsap

99

Qal porsh (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • Wo tamar nyavndo! Hac dungam estend qalndeshn harkni yiskendis yintayqni maxsapis nababmuc geshn amts ni qayxsu bodam koyi yintayqn dabtarn qayxsnde. Amts : 1nuc kart qamgeqnsueshn Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! 1nuc can 2nuc abm estend qlndeshn harkni yiskendis koyi xsapmnde.(5 deqiqa) Kart: • Gotnsueshn = qamgeqnsueshn • tyata = don • bel = kuyx • gamtsi = qayxsi • kashni = yircni • bogi = kati • kit = xsixs Qayxs 2 • Hac dungam estend qlndeshn harknargend porshis xsapmnde. • gen = don • masht = bes • tyata = qam • bel = koy • gamtsi = zoysi • Soy = it Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Ta qayxs • 1nuc can 2nuc abm “Tarik xsap” maki yiskuc tovqan “Hayle Gebresilase” masti estuc toham kaz anqaxs xsapmnde mastue.Ucagisn tana anqaxsi wosasaman xsapi yistan max anqaxs xsapa yintayqn tabesnsue. Hayle Gebresilasei moymokam erstangi yiskue.Haylesilasei moymoki qaysi bá suma bá ket atsnd suma bá dod suma Alam gobqan erstnsueshn hatsue. Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! 1nuc can 2nuc abm “Hayle Gebresilasei” masti estuc tohis gaxsasni yintayqn ersasaguci xsapi besuc bodam kaz anqaxs xsapi besnde. (15 deqiqa) utsnsi wuci beqnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana xsapuc anqaxsis bá nalndeshn nababmsi yi ̋ naba qopa petendis badasi hayxnsueshn gatsnde.

100

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Kats tarik xsap yar Ta qayxs • 1nuc can 2nuc abm “tarik xsap” maki yiskuc tovqan estuc “kats tarik xsap” maki yiskucis kaz anqaxs yintayqni xsapnsue.Yintaqni xsapagucn hac dungam hayxasnend bodam pikasi xsapmnde. • Wosasaman yisi iqasan xsap • Yisi qayxsuc qayxsa yisi gaxsuc gaxsa yi ̋ yaram xsap • Tarikaga bab petuc suma, yent kutsa, yent aba xsap • Yi ̋ qayxsndi yabsucn gaxs xsap • Yi ̋aga timirt darazha hayx Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nabab • Haysi sis • Gah hig

Can 1: 3nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa)

Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegide Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegide” maki yiskuc toh debm yintayqni nababmuc nababqan yintayqni eri yiskucis yintayqn nalndeshn wodam wodam hayxnde. Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) • 1nuc can 1nuc abm “Nasnda Habte Giyorgis Dinegide” maki yiskuc tohn yeshnuc nabab gobqan anqaxs maxa nama wodam wodam maxnasi nababman maxnasi haysi sisnsuc kasi haysi siskuci nababman nababmuci haysi sisn nababmnde.Haysi siski yistuci nababmi yiskueshn irati yisku petan yi ̋eshn pikasi hayxnmake. Sisnsuc tarik (20 deqiqa) Qenenisa Beqele (moymokas) Sisnsuc tarik aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qenenisa Beqele har qayxsasan yintayqni eri yiskucis yintayqn nalndeshn donti wodam wodam hayxnde. Qayxsnde • Hac “Qenenisa Beqele” maki yiskuc nababi yintayqneshn shiknsue. Nababis yintayqni haysi sisaguc aparqn yintayqn maxsapkan estuc oxh debm yintayqn budin gahnde. • Moymoki soyagge? Hareshn? tamar nyavndi bá budn gahnsi bana era

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

101

yiskuc wosn karsnsende. Sis (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac yintayqni gartnangi karsucis tatsi yisti yintayqneshn nababasi yiskucis soysi haysi sisnde.Yintayqni haysi sisagucn 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend oxhndis karsnsue. • Wo ersasagendo! Ersasaguc maxsapm “Qenenisa Beqele” maki yiskucis yinti nababmagucn tamar nyavndi ap gahis kesi bá dabtarn uxnsi oxhndeshn kart utsnsueshn hayxnde.

Qananisa Baqale (moymokas) Moymokasa Qananisa Baqale wum ukara Hayle Gebresilase qodn tosti 10,000a 5,000 metirn Top’i gobma myarqna woxsi moymokni gebaga wobsis yiaki Alam gobqan ats ditsi yiskuc moymokni yiskendqanuc maxa gizio. Auropa pyadam 2004 M.B dod tohn woxsi yiskend pedereshinaga byarg woxsasndi hayxuc wosn yi petan “Geba woxsasndis qaysi apar ata wobsaga woxsis apm woxsntanue” makue. Vyarpa odn 1997M.B moymoka Qananisa Baqaleaga cunina Alam Teshale masta yiskena báaga woxsis dosna bana yisktucn diqasn woxa ayquc nabam soysi aynqan woxue.Wűaga wox nabam aynanqi eti hanqi 220K/m Adisabaeshn hakanga yisken bá doda asela masta yiskenqan wű woxis duknsi karta bana yevu geshn soysi aynqan woxangi yistue.Bám atuc ayna ucis salamta masti yiskuc maxseteshn bá yep nabis es maki hayxu. “Aynaga aci tá debm atargu aparqn tá beqi erargendi ayna haci tá debm ati geshn ati táis zoysende Kasi tais aparqn beqi yistendi tá aynis ba beqagucn tá apkan notangi yepagucn tanind itsayqna tana yeka ta yistue” maki bá debm atucaga ezaga aynis hayxue. Moymoknasa Qananisai kobcaga vyarpis kashna bana wogu geshn karti bá moymok qayxsqan vyardi aparqnuc bá nacaga sumis yapmi soysi yeshni yistuc petucis gebaga eysndi hayxuckan besti yistue.Qananisa Baqalei wum ukara Hayle Gebresilasi bá kuchkan uxangi yistuc moymokaga wobsis qaysa bana aparqn atucam donti erstangi yiskuc dubnasa Tedros Kasai yi ̋eshn “Dodba Qenenisa” maki yi ̋am dub kesi dugue.Qananisa Baqali moymokga wuram aparqnend yi ̋ nalnda Haylea Miruxs Yipxir masti yiskendaga bitis bomi woxsi wurs bodis dabio yistue.Qananisai 200M.B gadn sharaten adis utul ketn wor garis yitsi wor vyarsue. Yi ̋ tuni (ታሪካዊ መዝገበ-ሰብ ከጥንት እስከ ዛሬቅጽ አንድ)

102

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Sisnsuc tarik geshnuc oxh (10 deqiqa) Qyxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac yintayqni nababasn haysi sisknsi ap gah uxuc bodam estend oxhndeshn kartis yintayqn dabtarn xsapnde. Kart “Qananisa aeqale” maki yiskuc tarik tovan nababis yintayqn ersasagendi nababmi yiskucis soysi haysi sisknsi hac dungam estuc sanxarazhis x’oc’nde. Sum

Qananisa Baqale

Yi ̋ qayxsi hareo?

moumokas

Yi ̋ cunina diqasn woxa hayqen sumi oneo?

Alam Teshale

Bá cunina diqasn woxa hayqen woxis bá doda asela harqan dukadeo? “Dodbaa Qananisa” maki yi ̋am dub kesi duguci oneo?

dubnasa Tedros Kasai

Qenenisai 200M.B gadn harqan wor garasi vyarsadeo?

sharaten adis utul ketn

Gah hig Yits besagend Yits besagend masti yiskuci xaxaga gahi shidan qixsi yiqan yiskuc ketsis besi shidan hayxi yiskuca gizio. Hac dungam estend x’on gah gobqan yits besagendi gah bab ati yiskucis badasi xsapmnde. Amts : “Maxsapa ynika haci qaya gizio” maki yiskuc x’on gah gabqan yits besi yiskuc gah bab qali “haci” maki yiskuca gizio. Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac yintayqni amtsa bequc bodam “shidan” maki yiskucam x’on gah yintayqn dabtarn xsapi yintayqn ersasagucn besnde. Tamar nyavnd maxsapkan 1nuc can 3nuc abm estend gah hig maki yiskuc toqan estend kutsa galqan amtsga bodam x’on gah xsapi besnsende. 1. Zawud maxsapa hci qaya gizio.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

103

Kart : haci 2. Tamar nyava hinka handi bavi hanqi yiskende. Kart : hinka handi 3. Manta dala hinka hac eta wuo. Kart : hinka hac 4. Zoq para haci zola gizio. Kart : haci 5. Ezubaya hinka kazasnd handi bukni yiskende. Kart : hinka handi 6. Mayna soya hinka odnasa handi hanqi yiskende. Kart :hinka handi

Woyntenuc ert ab • Nabab

Can 2: 4nuc ab ert

Nabab(40 deqiqa)

Derartu Tulu (kolonel) Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 2nuc can 4nuc abm “Derartu Tulu” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababaguc aparqn Derartu Tulua har qayxsa wosasaman bá suma bá atsnd suma bá dod suma xsesasan yi ̋ debm gahnde. • Kolonel Derartu Tulua haragusan yintayqni siski eri yiskuci yistan yintayqn nalndeshn wodam wodam donti hayxnde. Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa) • 2nuc can 4nuc abm “Derartu Tulu” maki yiskuc nabab tovqan estuc nababis yintayqni nababmagucn hareshn? Wosasam? maki oxhi yisti kartis yintayqni yapmseueshn yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh(25 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac 2nuc can 4nuc abm estend oxhndeshn yintayqni bequc amts bodam nababm koy shidendeshn kart yintayqn dabtarn xsapmnde. • Hac kamam “Derartu Tulu”maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni xisham nababmuc geshn hac dungam estuc oxhis xsapi karsnde. Qayxs

104

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Hac kamam “Kolonel Derartu Tulua”maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni xisham nababmuc geshn hac dungam estuc oxhis xsapi karsnde. 1. Kolonel Derartu Tulua Arisi Boqozhe masti yiskuc gapm amuc bergam yeskadao? Kart : 1966 M.B yeskene 2. Kolonel Derartu Tulua Isport moymokis gaduci am kipil tamar nyav yistaeo? Kart : sapm kipil tamar nyav yista 3. Ert-ketaga moymokam soyaga qopis yabsa wu yistuc abam 1980 M.B haraga Isport moy mokas atadao? Kart: uch-ket Isport maxnas atene 4. 1981 M.B harqan hanqa woxsa yistadao? Kart : Noruwe masta yisken dodqan 5. Kolonel Derartu Tulua Ispen katamm Alam woxs Barselonam yeshnuc 10000 metir moymokna yi ̋ gadnuc xsidaga Apirika ats ants wozasna petena hakuci amuc bergameo? Kart : 1984 M.B 6. 1993 M.B har masta yisken dodqan hanqa woxsadao? Kart : Awusterelia katamm 7. Kolonel Derartu Tulua yitsi dabi 10000a 5000a metir moymokam ezaga qopis yabsend mayndi hanendeo? Kart : Gexe Wami, Xirunesh Dibaba, Meseret Depar Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Xsap

Can 2: 5nuc ab ert

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Ta qyxs • Woynten qalndeshn harkni yiskend qalis koy ni ingase. “cax” maki yiskuc qaleshn harkni yiskuc qali “wob” maki yiskuc atnsue. Qayxsnde • Wo tamarnyavndo! Hac yintayqneshn amtsa estuc bodam 2nuc can 5nuc abm qala estendeshn harkni yiskuc qalis “A” toqan estucis “B” tovqan estuca pasha ingasnde. Kart 1.E 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.G 6.C

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

105

Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Naba qopa bodam xsap anqaxs xsap Qayxsnde • Hac 2nuc can 5nuc abm “Tarik xsap” maki yiskuc tovqan nababa qopa bodam “Xirunesh Dibaba” maki yiskuc tohis gaxsasnsi anqaxs xsapnde. Uc geshn yintayqni xsapuc tarikis wodam wodam donti yintayqn nalnden nababmnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi bana xsapuc tarikis donti wodam wodam nababmnsueshn zoysasnde. Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Ni qayxse • 2nuc can 5nuc abm “xsapaga hig” maki yiskuc tovqan paraggirap yar baqargu yisti xsapendis ni nabab bodam beqnsue. Amts : “1nuc atnsuci” pyada 3nuca gizio. Qayxsnde Qayxs Hac dungam estend xsapis hac kamam “Kolonel Derartu Tulua”maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni xisham nababmuc geshn paragirap yaram pikasi xsapmnde. 1. Kolonel Derartu Tulua yitsi dabi 10000a 5000a metir moymokam ezaga qopis yabsend mayndi Gexe Wami, Xirunesh Dibaba, Meseret Depar haxasni hakasnsende. 2. 1993 M.B Awusterelia katamm Sidiniam yeshnuc Alam dod moymokn ba dos woxn 10000 metir moymokna woxsa qaysa maxnuc ata ants wozsa atene 3. Kolonel Derartu Tulu Top’iqan petasi Alam gobm p’adaga woxsam erstangi yiskend dentkan mayn woxsam maxubaya gizao. Kolonel Derartu Tulua Arisi Boqozhe masti yiskuc gapm 1966 M.B yeskene 4. Kiwanena riy masti yiskuc maxsapkan yi hayxasuc woxn petan Kolonel Derartu Tulua 1984 M.B Ispen katamm Alam woxs Barselonam yeshnuc 10000 metir moymokna yi ̋ gadnuc xsidaga Apirika ats ants wozasna petena hakene. 5. Ert-ketaga moymokam soyaga qopis yabsa wu yistuc abam 1980 M.B uchket Isport maxnas atene. 6. 1981 M.B Noruwe masta yisken dodqan hanqa sapm kilo metir woxsa yi ̋ gadnuc Alam dod moymok woxsa 23nuc darazhn keskuci Ariawoch masti yiskuc maxsapkan xsapue.Uc geshnuc bergam uci harkuc moymokis Paransay dodn woxsa maxnuc darazhis yakene. Kart : 3, 5, 6, 4, 2, 1 106

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 2: 6nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Kolonel Derartu Tulua Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Ta qayxs • Wo tamar nyavndo! “Kolonel Derartu Tulu” maki yiskuc nabab anqaxs maxis bá badam badamuc bodam tana nababm haysi sisnde.Uc geshn yintaqni tana nababm siskuc bodam maxis kursnsi yi ̋ wosn harkasi nababmi sisnde. Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 2nuc can 6nuc abm“Kolonel Derartu Tulu” maki yiskuc nababis qalndis pidalis gah malatis endeqnis tatsi yisti yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam ibaram nababmnde.Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmaguc itsayqn dentkan wobti yisti zoysasnde. Hayx (20 deqiqa) Bá badam badamend gah hayx Qayxsnde • 2nuc can 5nuc abm estendis wo tamar nyavndo! hac dungam estend gahndqan yitsi maxis kursnsi dubam,shalam shidam gaham hayxnde. A.Dod cuneshn dusti yiskuc dub B.Dod cuneshn shalasi yiskuc shal C.Dod cuneshn hayxi yiskend amtsaga gah shidan tos • Dodaga cuneshn shalasni yiskuc shal tohi “Top’ia atsnd shal” makyi yiskuca gizio. Top’ia atsnd shal Ats no petuc wobsi Top’iqan zolqi Bestue no ats tai dod gasham xhobti Digeshn soyeshn atsaga dyqeshn Xsoxsananga cunam yiangnonue max atanga. Zolqa yixuc cabis bomarguc Atsa gizao qayxseshn qayxsam yixuc Ditsi yiskuc tema tosa dod ditsi yiskuc qirs bab Dyadam soyxanga zolasndaga bay Ní baqn nonue gexsanga yisto nonind níam gexse.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

107

Gah hig (10 deqiqa) Sumndi qyxs besaguc peti vyardan Ni qayxs • “Sumndi qayxs besaguc peti vyardan” maki bá qer sum yisti atsaga qayxsis hayxi yiskend maka gizio. • 2nuc can 6nuc abm “Gah hig” maki yiskuc tovqan estend dosndis pashtni maxn ni qayxse. Amts : Hac dungam estend x’on gahis yintayqn dabtarn xsapmsi qayxs besaguc peti vyardend sum tovqan z’oz’i besnde. Amts: Cet nyava yinka handi akum baba gizio Qayxsnde Hac dungam estend x’on gahis yintayqn dabtarn xsapmsi qayxs besaguc peti vyardend sum tovqan z’oz’i besnde. Amts: Cet nyava yinka handi akum baba gizio Kart 1.Nama nega hana ersasagena gizao. 2.Neka haci san kete. 3.Ak atsndi kac’i haqagenda gizio. 4.Nasnda Kabadi gixnasa gizio. 5.Nyava yika handi tamar nyavnda gizio. 6.Nasi nababmi yiskue. 7.Max max atsndi shap’ dyadi yi ̋am haqi yiskende. 8.Nama neka hana wucagena gizao. Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Nabab

Can 3: 7nuc ab ert

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Qayxsnde •Hac ni ni tamartnsuci qalis beck maki yiskuca gizio.Tamar nyavnd maxsapkan 3nuc can 7nuc abm estend qalndis becknsi nababmnde. Amts: Woldegebrel wol-de-ge-brel Kart 1. Gebremariyam = Ge-bre-mari-yam 2. Xhadnagenda = xha-dn-a-gend 3. Moqadisho = mo-qa-disho 4. Ministern = mi-ni-s-tern 5. Namnasnnuc = nam-nasn-nuc 6. ukarasnende = u-ka-rasn-ende

108

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Nabab (30 deqiqa) Nasnda Lema Woldegebrel Nabab aparqnuc oxh (5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • “Nasnda Lema Woldegebrel” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni nababmaguc aparqn 3nuc can 7nuc abm estend oxhndis yintayqn qalam karsnde. • Nasnda Lema Woldegebrel tarikis uynxam yintayqn nalndeshn hayxni haknsade? • Wo ersasagendo! Tamar nyavndi aparqn bá ketn nababa ucis nababmi eruci yistan oxhnde.Uc geshn ba yistan bana erucis donti bá nalndeshn kipilqan hayxn make.Tamar nyava ucis soysi nscknsi x’actasnde. Tarikis nabab (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! “Nasnda Lema Woldegebrel” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn qaris sisargu shidan sasam nababmi yisti naba qopa petendis badasnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqn dentkan wobti xishi beqnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! 3nuc can 7nuc abm nabaqan yisti keskend oxhndeshn kartis xsapmnde. Qayxs 1 Hac kamam “Nasnda Lema Woldegegebrel”maki yiskuc nababis yintayqni xisham nababmuc geshn hac dungam estuc oxhis karsnde. • Nasnda Lemai bá nyav bergam Adisaba yevi har ert-ketn tamarni yistadeo? Kart : Adisaba yevi Dagimawi Minilik ert-ketn vyardi tamarni yistend. • Nasnda Lema Woldegebrel bá baba ona ? bá baya ona? Wiskena? Har dodna yeskadeo? Kart : bá baba Gebremariyam Abdina bá baya Woletkidan Gebrewold 1896 M.B bale dodn goba masta yisken katamm yeskende. • Xaliana Top’is xhaduc abi woskeneo? Kart : 1928 M.B • Nasnda Lemai xsesti yiskuci bá qanqi yirsend on masti yiskend sumameo? Kart : Bebitiwoded Woldegebrel Beshahi sumama gizio. • Nasnda Haylesilase xhadi qaysi menagesha katamm vyarpa nyartnucn vyardi mangist qayxsis qayxsi gadagucn nasnda Lemai har ukar toh ati qayxsi yistadeo? Kart : tegbaraid ert-ket toh ukar ati bá qayxsis qayxsi yistend.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

109

• Nasnda Lema Woldegebreli hayqu mergi oskeneo? Kasi hanuc kutsn hayqadeo? Wosasam hayqadeo? Kart : vyarp 7 qan 1953 M.B Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Qal ert • Xsap

Can 3: 8nuc ab ert

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Harkni yiskenda harknargenda porsh uts ingasnde Qayxsnde • Hac wo tamar nyavndo! 3nuc can 8nuc abm estend qalndeshn harki yiskend qalndis koy xsapmnde. Kart A B H 1.hanqi A.ortn G 2.hak B.iq D 3.geshn C.kayguc E 4.kac’i xhimchagend D.aparqn C 5.yistuc E.ersasagend A 6.yizqn G.shik B 7.arc H.karti Xsap (30 deqiqa) Tarikis xsap (20 deqiqa) Kats tarik Qayxsnde • 2nuc can 5nuc abm “Kats tarik” maki yiskuc toqan kats tariki wosasaman xsapmnsan xsapaga bodnda estendis soysi xishi nababmsi yibodam kats tarikis xsapi besnde. Qayxs 1nuc cana 2nuc abm yintayqni xsapuc anqaxsis hac dungam hayxasuc bodam xishi beqnsi karsi xsapmnde. Tats •Anqaxs qirxsis yi wuxuc petuc •Qalndi pidal irat etkuc xsapuc petuc •Gah malatndi ibaram gaxsasnuc petuc •Anqaxs xsap higa damba x’onc’uc petuc • Wo ersasagendo! Tamar nyavndi bana xsapucis pikasi xsapnsueshn estendis taypasi yinti hayxnsn yi ̋a qayxsn mako. Xsapaga hig (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

110

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

• 3nuc can 8nuc abm estend xsapaga hig maki yiskueshn hac aparqn yintayqni

tamarnuc bodam kart xsapnde. Qayxs • Wo tamar nyavndo hac dungam esten x’on gahndis sosysi nababmi beqnsi gahaga yaram shidan yitsaga yaram pikasi anqaxs xsamnde. 1.Atsndi bá duqash gocki yistende. 2.Atsndi duqashis yi ̋qan bana toknsuc dodis dogi yistende. 3.Uc geshn dab qoli toki yistende. 4.Bana tokuc geshn yi ̋ debm go-inch gixsende. 5.Go-inch bana gixsu geshn sov gori eti yevi ucasi yistende. Kart: gahaga yaram shidan yitsaga yaram pikna bana xsapagucn. 2, 3, 4, 5, 1 Woyntenuc ert ab toh • Ibaram nababm • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 3: 9nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Nasnda Lema Woldegebrel Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! yntayqni ibaram nababguc aparqn “Nababis soy

maki hayxi nabab” maki har petan yintayqn qalam hayxnde. • Nababis soy maki hayxi nabab maki maxaga nababis pidalis byatargu yisti xsegi nababa qalis beckargu yisti nabab gah malatndis ibaram xsegi nababa maka gizio. • Yintayqni zolase! Maki nacnsi yintayqni nababmagucn oxh malati yistan nababis oxh hatsi kasi yintayqni nababmagucn nac malati yistan nababis nac hatsi nababnde maki kitnde. Tarikis nabab (8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • 3nuc can 7nuc abm “Nasnda Lema Woldegebrel” maki yiskuc nabab gobqan yi ̋ gadnuc anqaxsn gadnsi max deqiqam hak bitasi soysi hayxi yisti nababnde. • Wo ersasagendo! max deqiqa itsayqni nababmuc geshn itsayqn am anqaxsan nababmasan oxhnde.Uc geshn kasi bana yitsucn gadnsi max deqiqa itayqni nababmsueshn utsnde.Bá eshn estuc abis uci bodam qayxsi wursnsueshn gatsnde. Hayx (20 deqiqa)

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

111

Marazham ustnangi yiskuc gah Qayxsnde • “Estend gahndqan maxis kursnsi hayxnde” maki yiskuc tats debm yeshnangi yevi yintayqni gahnsueshn 3nuc can 8nuc abm hayxasnue.Ucagisn hac yi ̋ debm yintayqni gahnsue.Yi ̋ gadn tamar nyavndi bá cunam uc geshn budinam atangi gahnde.Haysi yinti sisku geshn itsayqndi gahuc debm yint tats hayxnde. A.Yintayqni ert-ketna gapma haraga soy gah qayxsi yistan tyapasi yintayqn nalndeshn hayxnde. B.Yintayqn gapkan onagi ert-keteshn shidan gapeshn soy qayxs qayxsi yistan amts utsi tyapasi hayxnde. Gah hig (10 deqiqa) X’on gah qayxs Qayxsnde • 3nuc can 9nuc abm “Gah hig” maki yiskuc tovqan estend oxhndeshn kart xsapmnde.(5 deqiqa) utsi itsayqn dentkan wobti wuci beqnde. Hac dungam saxinqan yiskucis yintayqni pikasi nababmuc geshn yi ̋ dungam kutsa gal yiskuckan estend sumnd dentkan kuch sum, qer suma, qala qayxs besaguca petendis badasi yintayqn dabtarn xsapmnde. Kuch sum

Kuch sum masti yiskuci codnasi dubdam yi ̋am xsesti yiskuc suma gizio. Amts: mant, koch, incha dumarnda gizio. Qer sum Qer sum masti yiskuc atsa maxi yi ̋am xsesti yiskuc suma gizio. Amts: Gena, Kobtet, boqas Qala qayxs besaguc Qala qayxs besaguc maki maxaga yitsis pekal hatsi besi yiskuc qala gizio. Amts: woxa, yeka, cuka, mva dumarnda gizio Wo tamar nyavndo! hac kamam yintayqni bequc amtsga bodam hac dungam ochnasend oxhndeshn kart xsapnde. 1.Qer sum masti yiskuci hareo? uc’ qer sum petendis xsapi besnde. a. _________ b. _________ c. _________ d. _________ e. _________ 2.Kuch sum masti yiskuci hareo? Kuch sum petendis nyartn xsapmde. a. _________ b. _________ c. _________

112

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

d. _________ 3.Qala qayxs besaguc maki hareo? Qala qayxs besaguc petend od xsapmde. a. _________ b. _________ c. _________ d. _________ Kart 1.Mamush, Koyn, cer, xsid, barzap 2.Top’i, dod, mayn, vyan, dor, dyant, inch, ket 3.hanqa, xsega, surqa, qayxsa

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

113

Can 1: 1nuc ab ert

Yirc 9 Gyars pugnd

Gyars pugnd

Yirc tatsnd Erta hac geshn tamar nyavndi:

• • • • • • • • • • •

Qalndis beck xam nababmnsnde. Xsapnd ap gah nababmi hayxnsende. Saxarzham qanap gah nabab Butndn ap gah nabab Qalnd bá badam badamuc ambalam qod. Saxarzhq butnda ap gahis xsapnd. Nabab haysi siski ap gah tovqan xsapndis badas X’on gahqan kutsa kuts besaguca badas. Kutsa kuts besagucam x’on gah qayxs. X’on gahqan kuts besagucam ab hayxnsnde. Qaln Qast qalndam qazqi porsh badas.

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qal ert • Nabab Qalnd ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis becki ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan max amts xam ta nababmnsue. • “ Yanxs – n - d - aga” maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “yanxsndaga”petnsue. Ni qayxse • Wos maxn “ Best – a – r – ge –nd” maki yiskuc qalndis xam no nababman “Bestargend” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. 114

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

• Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. • Shidnd qalndis uc bodam qayxsmako. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can 1 ab 1nuc ertn qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndis xam nababmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi qayxsnsnde. • Qala “Dyam – am” maki yiskucis xam nababmnde.Uc geshn “Dyamam” maki karsni haknsnde. • “Gyars – n – sa – r – gu – e - shn ” maki yiskucis xami “Gyarsnsargueshn” maki qayxsnsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndeshn bordn kartis xsapmnde. Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Gyars pugnd Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! sanxarzhqan xsapnd pug zarndis bitni nababmnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavndi (5 deqiqa) nababmnsueshn hayxnde. Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi deqiqa dentkan am qalndis nababmadeo? Itsayqn oxhnde.Wos tamar nyavndis wuci beqnde. Qayxsnde •Bá gapm beshi yiskuc pugndis hayxmako Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) • Hac esn “Gyars pug” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn katsis sisargu nababmnde.Nababis yintayqn nababmagucn nabab aparqn yintayqn qayxsuc kartis tatsi yisti nababmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd gyars pugnd maki yiskuc nababis bá katsis sisargu yisti nababmi pugaga zara gyars boda amtsis badasnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde 1. C 2. C 3. B 4.C

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

115

Tá qayxse • Hac esn max amtsis ta qayxsa yintayqn besnsue. 1.Bar xog pug ni ̋ guza hanucn pugi yisteo? maki yiskuc bordn xsapmnsi tamar nyavndeshn kartis bordn xsapmnde. • (Deba bara zanqa kobm pugi yiskue.) Ni qayxse • Wos pashtni ni qayxse. 2. Bakitiryam yevi yiskuc pugnd ( gom puga oshta bar xoga cilqan koca yata dumarnda gizio.) Qayxsnde • Haci esn yintayqn woda gizio. 3. Ech ay bi /edisa yat puga dentkan yiskuc badata max ata hayxnde. Max at: • Mayna vyan dyamam gyarsni yiskuc pugnd Bad at: • Edisi oc’asi tepisia dumarnd pugndeshn gyarsi yisku petan yati qec kobm qosalasi yiskue. • Edisni acti kaygu petan yatn acti yiskue. Woyntanuc ert toh: • Qalnd • Xsap

Can 1: 2nuc ab ert

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) Maynt qal dentkan yiskuc porsh badat Tá qayxse Hac “ pug” maki yiskuc Pug Pugnasnd petnsue. X’on gaham tá qayxsni: Gyars pugi maxapam cod atsndeshn gyarsn haknsue. iratasnd petnsue. Hac kasi “Irat” maki yiskuc irat X’on gaham tá qayxsni: Nansa Kelas tohn irate besha. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn amtsa estuc bodam qayxsnde. Xsap (25 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (15 deqiqa) Nabab gobqan ap gah kesi yeshas Tá qayxse • Saxarzhis qodnsi ap gahis wosasam yeshnsan tá yintayqn bese.

116

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Berg

Baynd wox

19 82

1400

19 87

1200

19 92

990

19 97

740

2005

420

2006

360

Xsapuc xsapis sanxarzham xsapis aramende. Qayxs 2: • Wo tamar nyavndo! yintayqn yisn yiskucn xena xabian hanqi xena qayxsasndis oxhi gyars pugnd yitsis sanxarzham yeshasi xsapmnsi kipilqan eti nababmnde. Xsap hig (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac esn tá yintayqn nababma yiskuc nababis pidal daqnargu yisti malatndis koysti yiskuc kutsn gaxsasni xsapmnde. • (Uc geshn ersasagend nababmnsnde.)

Pug nab

Pug nabi no aba gizais pyatsa gizio.Yi ̋ digi barstargu atsi bá aba gizais gaxsasni haknsargue. “No purstargu aparqn detsasa nona no baq” maki atsi yiskuci cec ketis yeshasnsi yi ̋qan gaxsasa kasi cec ketn yisti ni kartan ní kuchn xsyaknam shidan samunam no masnsue koysti yiskue.Uc kayesargi ni guza samara ket gobqan yiskend qixsndais maqam no baqnsue koysti yiskue. Dumarsi Koch bokis bam yishka yi ̋qan no gaxsasnsue koysti yiskue.Bamqan kocha kolis boknsa buntsa no gapis no maqasnsue koysti yiskue.Kasi sova harki yiskend gahndis uciwoxn dod doga no titsnsue koysti yiskue. • (Nabab nababsnucis tamar nyavndi siski daqnargu malatndis koysti yiskuc kutsn gaxsasi xsapmnsnde.) • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi ibar xsapucis wuci beqnde. Woyntanuc ert toh: • Ibar nabab • sis • Gah hig

7 kipil

Can 1: 3nuc ab ert

Ersasaguc maxsap

117

Ibar nabab (10 deqiqa) gyars pugnd Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Tá qayxse • “Gyars pugnd” maki yiskuc nababqan tatsi yintayqn yiskucis hayxnde? • (Tamar nyavndi tatsa bana yiskucis hayxnde.) Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Tá qayxse • Hac esn “Gyars pugnd” maki yiskuc ap gah tovqan sanxarzhqan xsapuc yintayqn ta nababmnsue haysi sisnde. • Yi ̋ gadn sanxarzhqan xsapmnd ap gahis nababmnde. • Uc geshn ap gahis gyarsni nababm erni haknsnde. • Uc geshn pug gyars bodis nababmnde. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn aba gizio.Sanxarzh gobqan yiskend pugnd hanucn yisti hanucan nababsnsan soy maki nababmnde. • Tamar nyavnd bá kats sisi nababmnsueshn hayxnde. Sisnsuc nabab (15 deqiqa) Osht pug Aparqn haysi sis ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • “Osht pug” maki yiskuc ap gah haran yintayqn harki yistan hayxnde. • (Tamar nyavnd bá badam badamuc tats hayxnsnde.) • Atsi osht pugam ustu petucis wosasam erna no haknsue. • Uc geshn “ pug amtsam amtseshn sinxam sov harkuci kocana oc’asna gizio” maki karsnsnde. • Soy maknsi nababis yintayqn siskuc geshn yintayqn tatsi ibar petuca petarguca wucnde. Nabab aparqn oxh ( 5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde 1. Osht pugi ats debm bes yiskuc malatndis hayxnde. 2. Osht pugi wosasaman maxnasi dadn yisti maxnasi dadn gyarsni yistan hayxnde. Sisnsuc nabab

118

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Osht pug Gyars pugi pugnas dadn yisti purstargu ats dadn bá badam badamuc bodam gyarsn yiskue.Gyars pug dentkan osht pug maxa gizio. Puga ucisind pugnas ats dadn yisti purstargu ats dadn bá badam badamuc bodam gyarsni yiskue. Osht gugi maxn atsi ucan gyarsn yiskue.Ucagisn osht yi pugu atsi yistan maxn yi nena nini ucnsue koystargue.Osht pugnasi yisn uckuc qixsis gyarn maqasi koysti yiskue. End woxnd qayxsqan nini ni baqn gyars puga ucis nabm ni haknsue. Oc’am osht pugi gyarsn yiskue.Oshtam ustuc ats nini maxn ni yistan pugnasi atsi yisn kayguc kutsn bá apis kartangi oc’nsu koysti yiskue.Yi ̋ nabisnd osht pug nars oc’am gyarsn yiskueshn puga uci maxnasi dadn yisti maxnasi dadn gyarsnsargueshn ni nabmnsue koysti yiskueshna gizio.Kasi oshtam purstagi yisku ats kambulqan yistan pugi dumars atsndeshn gyarsnsargueshn narsi yisn yiskucn pudal kobm yisi wognsueshn ni hayxnsue koysti yiskue. Osht pugaga malatisnd oc’asia sovo harki yiskuc oshtis sinxam et yevia qogia gizio.Uceshn puga uci oc’am shidan katsam gyarsn yiskueshn yi ̋am purstuc atsi soy nars yisn narsi yiskucn wognsue koysti yiskue. Yi ̋ wurn: Gyars pugi pugnas dadn yisti purstargu ats dadn bá badam badamuc bodam gyarsn yiskue.Gyars pug dentkan osht pug maxa gizio. osht pugi max qixsn maxn ni ucana oc’ama shidan katsama kuchn uxam harki yiskend bodam gyarsn yiskue.Uceshn oshtam purstu atsi yistan pudal kobm yi wognsueshna bá apis dadn kartangi yi oc’nsueshna bá kuchn maskangi ats kuchkan yi uxnsueshna ni kitnsue koysti yiskue. Nabab geshnuc oxh (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde 1.Osht pugam purstuc atsis wosasam ernu no haknsue. • (Tamar nyavndi karsnsnde.) 2.Osht pugam no utsnsargueshn har no yitsnsue. • (Tamar nyavndi karsnsnde. Gah hig (10 deqiqa) Ab

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

119

Tatsnd: Ab: maxaga yitsi woskenan qayxsasn shidan yitsasn hayxi yiskuc qayxs besagend qalnda gizio.Ab kaz bodam qodi yiskue.Qoda endisind: hac hayxasn yiskuca yitsi peshkuca kon aba gizio. Hac hayxasn yiskuc:Aba hac gobqan yitsi yiskuc x’on gahqan hayxasn yiskuc shidan yitsi yiskuca gizio. Amtseshn: Belina hac nababmnsen. Yitsi peshkuc: maxaga yitsi qayxsi wuruc petuc hayx yiskuc aba gizio. Amtseshn: Kelasi omtan ert ketn shidue. Kon ab: maxaga yitsi gats yitsargu gyara apm yitsnsu petuc bes yiskuc aba gizio.Uceshn qala wonsana givia maki yiskuci kon ab qalnda gizio. Amtseshn: Ketnina wonsan America dodn hamtsene. Tá qayxse Hac esn max amts qayxsa yintayqn ta besnsue. 1. Omtan bana qayxsuc it qayxseshn byam aynue. • (Yitsi peshkuc aba gizio.) Ni qayxse • Hac esn wos pashtna no qayxse. 2. Itsayqn wonsan bá dodn hamtsnde. • ( Kon ab) Qayxsnde • Wo tamar nyavndo! hac kam qayxsuc amts bodam qayxsnde • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi es maki qayxsnsnde. 3. Girasi hac gabm hamtsue. (Hac hayxasn yiskuc ) 4. Kelasi woynten dutam kuch kos kaskue. ( Yitsi peshkuc) 5. Belina omtan hacn yisten. ( Yitsi peshkuc) karti karti donti yiskend pugnd

Can 2: 4nuc ab ert

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Nabab

120

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Nabab ( 40 deqiqa) Gom pug Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • Hac esn can 1 ab 4nuc ertn yeshnd oxhndis ibar yi petan “I” axax yi petan “A” maki karsnde. 1.Gom pugi aba hacam Itopiqanatan dumars dodn kaygue.(A) • Tamar nyavndi axax maki karsnsnde.Yi nabi dumarnd 27 dodqan gom pugi yiskue. 2.Gom pugi dumars qalndam “Tuberkilosis” masti yiskue.(I) • Tamar nyavndi ibar maki karsnsnde.Yi nabi gom pugi dumars qalndam apam bestarguc myakirobakitiryam tuberkilosis masti yiskue. 3.Gom pugi goman yi pugi yistni dumars ats guzndis pugarague.(A) • Tamar nyavndi axax maki karsnsnde.Yi nabi dumarnd guzndnd gom pug pugni hak yiskue.Amtseshn :mert dyamqana bar kobma cil gom puga deba dumarnda gizio. 4.Gom pugi akumam byai yiskue.(I) • Tamar nyavndi ibar maki karsnsnde.Yi nabi akumi ni utsuc actis yisi hayxasnuc woxn no gaxsasn bantsue. Nabab yits ( 20 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 4nuc ertn “Gom pug” maki yiskuc ap gaha butndam yeshndis yintayqn kats sisargu nababmnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde Kursnd kart 1. Ch 2. C’ 3. Ch Ni qayxse • Hac esn nababqan yisti keskend oxhndis karsnde. • Gom pugam purstuc atsi wosasam pyaxsnsue. • (Uc geshn tamar nyavndi gom pugnasi bam akumi utsuc actis koysti yiskucwoxn bá qoxani pyaxsnsue.) • Gom pug malatndi hara hareo? • (Erkasia gid gamtsia dal oshta suta bana yiskuc x’oci , nam can kam oc’aci , piknqan xhadi …….dumarnda gizio. ) • “Soy” maknsi tamar nyavnd kart zoysasi shidnde oxhndis tamar nyavndi purqn qayxsnsueshn hayxnde.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

121

Can 2: 5nuc ab ert

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • Xsap

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) Qalndeshn porsh uts Qayxsnde Hac esn “Qalnd ” maki yiskuc tovqan yiskend sanxarzha yiskucis arami amtsi yitsi guznda goma pursti yiskenda purstargendis tovn yitsi qayxsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi gom yi pug shidan yaki yiskend guznd yistan yi tovn arami amtsi yitsi kasi gom pugi yi yapargend guznd tovn arami amtsi yitsi qayxsnsndde. Xsap (25 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (15 deqiqa) Nabab gobqan ap gah kesi yeshas Tá qayxse • Hac esn xsapnd ap gahi wosasam butndn woba tuntis bomnsan yintayqndeshn tá besnsue. Pederal dig baq ukar 2006 bergam dig coram qayxs giz wuc ab wurn yakarnwoxn yi petan woba pug nab coram qayxsuc woba wyetwit tunti qodi coram yitsnsu ap gahis kesue.Keskuc ap gah woxn yi petan2002 bergam22.2 milyon yi petan 2003 bergam 35.2 milyon 2004 bergam39.5 milyon 2005 bergam 45 .8 milyon yi petan 2006 bergam 58.5 milyon woba tunti woba pug nabeshn atseshn qodu petuci yakarsnue.

122

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

58.5 45.8

milyon

39.5 35.2 22.1

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

(Tun: pederal dig baq ukar 2006 berg woba tunt yakar mashkaram 2007

bergam.)

Xsap hig (10 deqiqa) Malatnd gaxs Ni qayxse Paragirapis malatndam pikasi xsap Hac dungam estend malatnd gaxsasi xsap pikasnde.

“”

.

!

?

,

Tá sumi kelas kumtukes masti yiskue. Tana yi ̋am yeskuci abi 1981 bergama yi ̋qir damoz masta yisken qabalna gizio. Tana gadn yisn vyarda tamarnuci ert keti xsat maxnuc ert ketna gizio. Ert keta eni max kipiln uxnsa od kipilam hak tana tamarnue. Ert keta ensi tana tatsan hac tá mayqan syaq maki yiskuci aba ucam kash satam purn keska cec ketn tana atagucn xsombati cec ketkan yisti tá apm pudl kes “ wo babo! maknsa mag tovam xolqa woxsa ats ketn tana vyarduci hac hak tá mayqan bavargue. ”

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

123

Can 2: 6nuc ab ert

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Ketn qayxs Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) Gom pug Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Hac “Gom pug” maki yiskuc ap gahis yintayqn nababmnsue. Nababis yintayqn nababmargu aparqn can1 ab 6 nuc ertn yiskuc oxhis namas namas petangi oxha uc tohn gahnde (3 deqiqa). Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 6nuc ertn yintayqn budin petangi “Gom pug”maki yiskuc ap gaha butam yeshucis nababmnde. Hayx (15 deqiqa) Ap gah dubdas Qayxsnde Yintayqn budin budin petnsi qabal ketn dig xsap ketn hanqi woba coram ap gahis aki eti kipilqan yintayqn nalndeshn yeshasnde. Uc geshn tamar nyavndi ap gah yeshasi kipilqan eti bá nalndeshn nababmnsnde. Soya gizio!maknsi dumars tamar nyavndi tatsis sisnde. Gah hig (10 deqiqa) Hac dungam qal qayxsis pekal hatsi besagucam gaxsasi x’on gahndis x’onc’i xsapmnde.Gah dentkan maxaga x’on gaheshn max kam qal qayxsis pekal besaguci yistn haknsue. wosken wonsan woynten omtan

124

dungam kamam hanucn shika

dutam maxn maxn hac ucagon yi petasn

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Tá qayxse 1.Wú ulna no peshken no micha ……. aten. (Wú ulna no peshken no micha dutam aten.) (Wú ulna no peshken no micha omtan aten.) Ni qayxse • Pashtna maxn no qayxse. 2……… tá nalnda tana gez ta ucku. (Omtan tá nalnda tana gez ta ucku.) Qayxsnde Wo tamar nyavndo! haci esn yintayqn woda gizni qayxsnde. Uc geshn tamar nyavndi qayxsnsnde. 3……. dodi mitsira gizio. • (Woynten dodi mitsira gizio.) 4…….. manti yistnan yakada? • ( Hanucn manti yistnan yakadao?) 5…….. may tats maxsapis tana nababma yiskue. • (Hac may tats maxsapis tana nababma yiskue. ) • (Maxn maxn may tats maxsapis tana nababma yiskue. ) 6.Ingiliz gahi iquc gaha gizio. …………… Benc’non gahyisind gyar apm iqnsue gaha gizio. • (Ingiliz gahi iquc gaha gizio. Ucagon yi petasn Benc’non gahyisind gyar apm iqnsue gaha gizio. ) 7.Kelasi …….. Mizan Teparn hamtsue. (Kelasi wonsan Mizan Teparn hamtsue.) (Kelasi woynten Mizan Teparn hamtsue.) 8. Tá keti Mizani …….. gizio. Tá keti Mizani shika gizio. Tamar nyavnd karsuc kartis nacknsi bordn kartis itsayqn pikasi xsapmnsi hac dungam estend kuts besaguc qalndam amtsa estuc bodam itsayqn x’on gah xsapmnsueshn hayxnde. Ucam Uc geshn harqan Hayqn hacn shikn Amts: Tá nalnda tana Isportn no hanqu.Ucam Isport qayxsa peshka no kartu

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

125

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qal ert • nabab

Can 3: 7nuc ab ert

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Xam Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis becka ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan amts atnsueshn becka ta nababmnsue. • “daxham ” maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “ daxh - am” petnsue. 1. Hac kasi “Piknargucam” maki yiskucis becka ta nababman “ pik – na – r – gu -am” petnsue. • Qalndis beck yinti nababmagucn bordn xsapi wodam wodam tamar nyavndeshn besnde. Ni qayxse 2. Wos maxn “ Yiskuagisn ” maki yiskuc qalndis beck no nababme. Becka no nababman “Yisku – a – gi -sn” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. • Shidnd qalndis uc bodam qayxsnde. Qayxsnde 3. Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Yintayqn maxsapm can 1 ab 7nuc ertn qal ert maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndis beck nababmnde.Qala “ Zaramnd ” maki yiskucis becki nababmnde.Uc geshn “ Zar – am – m – n - d” maki karsni haknsnde.Shiducis hac bodam qayxsnde. Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Gyars pugnd nab Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • “Gyars pug nab” maki yiskuc ap gah yintayqn nababmargu aparqn yintayqn maxsapm can1 ab 7nuc ertn yiskuci oxhndis karsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Uc geshn nababeshn yeshuc sivilis noti beqnsi haran yintayqn erasni hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Soy maknsi hac esn gyars pug nab maki yiskuc nababeshn yeshuc sivil noti beqi yintayqn tatsis yintayqn hayxue.Yintayqn tatsis ibar petuca petargucis nababis yintayqn nababmi wursan yintayqn ernsue.Hac esn yintayqn

126

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

kangi yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababis nababmnde. Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab7nuc ertn “Gyars pug nab” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn kay yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi ap gah yapmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd nababmsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqndeshn koysti yiskuc gats gatsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd ibaram nababmi yiskucis xish beqnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Ni qayxse Wo tamar nyavndo! amtsa estuc bodam wos gyars pug nab bod hayxmako.

Gap maqis

Gyars pugnd nab bod

am

am

nt Sig ts bu

Sov bintsi kobsasi gaxsas

7 kipil

Wo sov gnsi y dog isku c i tit s

tun r a b s Ago axsa g tam

K ma et s qa his h s

Ersasaguc maxsap

127

Qayxsnde Nabab geshnuc oxh: gal kutskan x’onc’i 1. pug 2. nabmnsue 3. apma bestargend daxhis 4. maq

• •

Woyntanuc ap gah: Qalnd xsap

Can 3: 8nuc ab ert

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) Maynt qal dentkan yiskuc porsh badat Tá qayxse • Hac “ Yisku ” maki yiskuc yisku yiskueshn petnsue. • Hac kasi “ atu ” maki yiskuc atu atueshn petnsue. Ni qayxse • Wos pashtna no qayxse. • Beq bequeshn Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn amtsa estuc bodam qayxsnde. Xsap (25 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (15 deqiqa) Kats tarik xsap Tá qayxse • Wo ersasagendo! yint kats tarikis xsapmnsi tamar nyavndi yi ̋woxn bá kats tarikis xsapmnsueshn hayxnde. Qayxs 2: • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavnd ab gobqan bá bana dyami yiskuc gahndis amtsa itsayqn maxsapm estuc bodam xsapmnsueshn hayxnde. Nababsnsuc x’on gah Kelasa Ketnina masti yiskend tamar nyavndi yistend.Dutam donti ert ketn hanqi yisti gobcaris bodn yakend. Ucam wú woxn nyalam wű dukend.Wusnd xolqa woxsen.Wű aparqn kura maxa woxsa aten.Ucam gobcar debm bá dugase maknsa wű yaknsa dita bá tovis geshn karsnsa yixen.Ucam Kelasa Ketnina gex’i ert ketn hanqend.

128

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 3: 9nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (15 deqiqa) gyars pugnd nab Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • Hac esn“ Gyars pugnd nab” maki yiskuc nababqan ap gaha yintayqn tatsi yiskucis nab bodis hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi hayxnsnde. Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 7nuc ertn namasa namas petangi “Gyars pugnd nab”maki yiskucis nabab gadnuc uc’ paragirapis yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi nabab tats hayxnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavndi dentkan wopti itsayqn nababmnsueshn gatsnde.Uc geshn max tamar nyavis donsnsi ibaram nabab debm yiskuc iratis wuci beqnde. Hayx (15 deqiqa) Bá qer tats hayx Qayxsnde • Can1 ab1nuc ertn “Gyars pugnd ” maki yiskuca can 3 ab 7nuc ertna “Gyars pugnd nab” maki yiskucis yintayqn tatsi yiskuc bodam hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi dentkan wopti itsayqn qayxsi yiskuc qayxsis wuci beqnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi kart karsnsnde. • Soya gizio!maknsi dumars tamar nyavndi tatsis sisnde. Gah hig (10 deqiqa) Can1 ab 9nuc ertn x’on gah gobqan qal qayxs besaguc ab besaguc badasi itsayqn tovqan aramend maki yiskuc oxh yiskue.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

129

pyad

bob 1nuc 2nuc 3nuc

1

Omtan yi ̋ wurnuc wucis tá wucasna wursue.

2

Yisi hac ert ketn yista atnsu.

3

Itsayqn wonsan atnsende.

4

Tana omtan sura xsid gixsangi yevu.

5

Hane wonsan ert ketn no dyame.

130

Ersasaguc maxsap

Ab/qayxs besaguc ambal hac Yitsi peshkuc Kon ab

7 kipil

Can 1: 1nuc ab ert Qal gixim

Yirc 10 Qal gixim Yirc tatsnd Erta hac geshn tamar nyavndi: • Qalndis beck xam nababmnsnde. • Xsapuca xsaparguca gixim nabab • Gixim xsapuca xsaparguca dentkan yiskuc maxa badata hayx. • Gixim gobqan yiskend qalnd hark porsh xsap. • Tamar nyavnd gapm era bana yiskuc qal gixim hayxnsnde. • Gixim ambal badas. • Gixim zar hayx. • Petuca petarguca x’on gah bomi xsap. • Oxh qalndam x’on gah xsap. Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qal ert • nabab

Xsapuca xsaparguc gixim

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Beck Tá qayxse • Woyntanuc nababqan yisti keskuc qalndis xama ta nababmnsue. Yintayqn maxsapm qal ert tovqan xsapnd qalnd dentkan amts atnsueshn xam ta nababmnsue. • “ bab –am - uc ” maki yiskucis xam ta nababman “babamuc ” petnsue. • Hac kasi “ itsayqn – de – shn ” maki yiskucis becka ta nababman “ Itsayqndeshn” petnsue. Qalndis xam yinti nababmagucn bordn xsapi wodam wodam tamar nyavndeshn besnde. Ni qayxse

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

131

• Wos maxn “ bom – n – su – eshn ” maki yiskuc qalndis xam no nababme.

Xama no nababman “ Bomnsueshn” petnsue. • Uc geshn bordn xsapi besnde. • Tamar nyavnda yinta pashtni nababmnde. • Shidnd qalndis uc bodam qayxsnde.

Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) Gyars pugnd nab Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • “Xsapuca xsaparguca gixim ” maki yiskuc ap gah yintayqn nababmargu aparqn yintayqn maxsapm can1 ab 1nuc ertn yiskuci oxhndis karsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi bá tatsis hayxnsnde. Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac dungam yeshuc nababi xsapuca xsaparguca gixim maki yiskucagisn nabab uc dentkan yiskuci har zar max ata bad atagisn gixim katsais yintayqn sisti yisi yiskuc bodam nababmnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Ni qayxse Hac dungam estuc giximis nabab yi ̋ porshis hayxnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd wodam wodam giximis nababmnsueshn hayxnde. Tovo dub dentkan “Yero dato” maki yiskuc dubaga gixim Ayn/Yepm/ dub • Wo yero dato!wo! • Wo babo boyte ! • Woxi bab zyamada • Yero dato! Wo! • Wo babo boyte! • Girasa ketnas makargue. • Esn zolo! Tá babo! • Ninend ní aban ni baqa yiskue. • Yepi beshmake esn zolo! • Wo babo boyte! esn macho.

132

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Zolqa no qayxse - Dutam sokama pazashin. - Kangwoyn giras masteshn. - Qosh qosh no makn nonend ketnas no atnsue. - Zolqa no qayxsargu shidan. - Giri no ketn vyardangi kesargu shidan. - Esn pazi no ac’kan vyarda. - No giram dontucama. - Woxi soyesarage beleshna. - Wos zolqa no qayxsa beqe. - Suma giram sumtseshn. - Gidi yistn giras masteshni. - Wox bab zyamagi esn wu make! - Qayxsqan esn ta vyardangue! 2 “Siso yaro” kaznuc tyarb dub Mayti zadasni xharqn hasn. Yelashi yisn xup’m. Ayni byastam. Bavu nyava ingi yisn dubm. Syasi syasn tori yisn dostn. Wo beqnsu apkan bene! Cod atsi yisn x’arnsi beqnsna. Siso yaro Benc’ dos duba gizio. Nabab geshnuc oxh Qayxs 1: • Xsapuca xsaparguca gixim dentkan badat noti yiskuc yeshuc hac gob yeshucis yintayqn dabtarn xsapmnsi qayxsnde.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

133

Xsapuc gixim -Dyadn gyarsasnsu -Iqnsu -Cod atsi gaxsasnsu -Ert ketn gaxsasnsu

Max at ambal Gixim zar

Xsaparguc gixim -bavnsu -cod atsi gaxsasnargu -ert ketn gaxsasnargu

Qayxsnde 1. Zolqa no qayxse maki yiskuc giximqan “Woxi soyesarge beleshna” maki xsapuci hayxu hareshneo? • ( beli it petuca hayxu shidan wox bestia koystia erargu bel tá bestagueshn ta hayban soye makian yiskue.) 2. Yero dato maki yiskuc giximan “Woxi girasa ketnasa makargu” maki yiskuci har makeo? • ( kurp’i erargue shidan badasi erargue.) 3. Siso yaro maki yiskuc giximqan “Cod atsi yisn x’arnsi beqnsna” maki yiskuc har makeo? • (may qostangi) Woyntanuc ert toh: • Qalnd • Xsap

134

Ersasaguc maxsap

Can 1: 2nuc ab ert

7 kipil

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) Qalnda max porshamnd Tá qayxse • Hac esn “bavu nyav” maki yiskuc porshi “hayquc ats” maka gizio. • Wos esn hac kam tá qayxsuc amts bodam qayxsnde. Qayxsnde • Hac esn yintayqn woda gizio.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd qayxsnsnde. • Uc geshn itsayqn dentkan wopti itsayqn qayxsis wuci beqnde. • Qalnd porsh • Xharqn hayqn • X’arnsi may qostangi • Cod mayt • Ayn yep • Beshmake shidmake Xsap (25 deqiqa) Gixim xsap (15 deqiqa) Tá qayxse • Hac esn giximis tana nababmi haysi sisnd maknsi giximis nababmnde. Ert ketn • Ert kete tá cunis ni ̋m ta hayxe. • Tá yavis ibar tá hatsnsueshn ert ketn pesham. • Wursnsi yiskuc tá katsaga boma acte. • Tusis tam peto zolqa tá qayxsnsueshn. • Tarikis ernsa atsa akis ta wobsnsueshn. • Ni ̋ cunis ta hayxnsueshn gahgon tam uyxasn. • Ni ̋ baqntanue tam yisto tá baye! Qayxsnde • Tamar nyavndi giximis nababmsueshn hayxnde. • Uc geshn nababmsnde. • “Tusis tam peto zolqa tá qayxsnsueshn” maki yiskuc gixim masmar porshi hareo? • (gatsis tam peto) • Tamar nyavnd dumars gixim xsap kipilqan eti yevangi bá nalndeshn nababmako. Xsap hig (10 deqiqa) Qayxs Kozgni besagend qalnd Hac dungam kozgni besagend qalnda xsapndam gaxsasi x’on gah qayxsnde.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

135

Hac hink hac hanga hac

Amts: par zoqa hinka hac. Hinka ezubaya kazas hand. Qayxs Amtsa hac kam estuc bodam uc’ x’on gah qayxsnde.

Can 1: 3nuc ab ert Ibar nabab (10 deqiqa)

Xsapuca xsaparguca gixim Nabab aparqnuc oxh (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Tá qayxse 1.“Xsapuca xsaparguca gixim” maki yiskuc nabab ap gahi haran hayxnsan tatsi hayxnde. • (Tamar nyavndi tatsa bana yiskucis hayxnde.) Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Tá qayxse • Hac dungam xsapuc gixima “Zolas” maki yiskucis soysi nababmnde. • Uc geshn giximaga porshis tamar nyavndeshn hayxnde. Qayxsnde • Tamar nyavnd wodam wodam gixim nababmako. Sisnsuc nabab (15 deqiqa) Nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Nabab aparqn oxh ( 5 deqiqa) Qayxsnde 1. Hac dungam “Kac’ qayxs ”maki yiskuc ap gaham yeshuc gixim nababmi yi ̋ ap gah hayxnde Sisnsuc nabab Kac’ qayxs Wol obara makarguc kac’ qayxsam. Tá gamtsa makarguc ni qayxsam. Yarmam woxa donta qayxsa.

136

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Ni dod iqa ni keteshn gisargu aqaguco! Ni zolasa gizio ni kac’ qayxsamo. Es kay mako ni qayxsi soya gizio. Woxso! Ni zol qayxsa ucama. Aparqn ato ni kac’ qayxsama. Mant kayan kev makni kangwoyna. Kambulam no dod no kac’nsargoge mant shichnsa. Hacam gyar ez tats tatsnsa no qayxse kambulam no kac’nsueshn Ni zolasa gizio ni kac’ qayxsamo. Gah hig Petuca petarguca x’on gahnd Qayxs Hac dungam petuc x’on gahis petargu x’on gahqan bom xsapmnde. Tá qayxse • Hac esn tá qayxsnsue. 1.Nasa Kelasi ket gixsu. (petuc x’on gah) • (Nansa Kelasi ket gixsargue.)( petarguc x’on gah) 2.Yisi soy atsa gizio. (petuc x’on gah) • (Yisi it atsa gizio) (petarguc x’on gah) Ni qayxse • Pashtna no qayxse. 3.Nansi ketn yisku. (petuc x’on gah) • (Nansi ketn kaygu.) (petarguc x’on gah) Qayxsnde • Shiducis amtsa hac kam qayxsuc bodam qayxsnde. gixim zarnd

Can 2: 4nuc ab ert

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Nabab Nabab ( 40 deqiqa) gixim Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

137

Nabab ( 40 deqiqa) gixim Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • Hac esn nabab aparqn oxh yintayqn karsnsue.Eri yintayqn yiskuc gixim zarnd hayxnde? • (Uc geshn tamar nyavnd mitsa kac’ qayxsa yepa wor donta bara giximnd maki karsni haknsnde.) Nabab yits ( 20 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac esn Can1 ab 4nuc ertn yeshnd giximis yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavndis itsayqn giximaga porshis hayxnsueshn hayxnde.Uc geshn qal porshis nababmi hayxnsnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Hac esn nabab geshnuc oxhis karsnde. Nyava yanxs kas maki yiskucis karsi karsi nababmnde. • Uc geshn soy maknsi yintayqn gapm eri yintayqn yiskuc nyava yanxs kasis hayxnde.

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • Xsap

Can 2: 5nuc ab ert

Qalndam x’on gah qayxs Tá qayxse • Hac esn “cun” maki yiskucam x’on gah ta qayxsnsue. • No atsi cun yiskende. Ni qayxse • Pashtna no qayxse. • Obar eynt kuchi koli yiskue. Qayxsnde Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) • Hac esn yintayqn woda shiduc qayxsnde. Xsap (25 deqiqa) Paragirap xsap (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

138

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

•

Can1 ab 5nuc ertn gixim xsap maki yiskuc tovqan xsapuc qalndam gixim xsapmnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd gixim xsapmnsnde. Xsap hig (10 deqiqa) Malatnd gaxs Tá qayxse Petarguc x’on gah petucam bom 1.Nansi gabm hamargu. (Nansi gabm hanqu.) 2.Woxsashidue. (Woxso!) 3.Nama Belina soyesargene. (Nama Belina soya gizao.) 4.Woynten nansi maxsap nababmargu. (Woynten nansi maxsap nababmu.) 5.Nansa Kelasa nama Ketnina nalasesargend. (Nansa Kelasa nama Ketnina nalasnda gizio.)

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 2: 6nuc ab ert

Ketn qayxs Ibaram nabab (10 deqiqa) gixim Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde Can1 ab 4nucn nababsnuc gixim dentkan eri yintayqn yiskucis hayxnde. Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • “Nyava yanxs kas” dentkan yintayqn eri yiskuc kasis giximam xsapmnsi yintayqn nalndeshn kipilqan nababmnde. Gah hig (25 deqiqa) Hac dungam estend oxh qalndam x’on gah x’onc’i xsapmnde.

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

139

Wosken hareshn

oneo

wosas

harqan

har

Maxsapa hac xsapue ………… ? 2. Kelasi ……….. haqadeo? 3. 3.Nansi …………. yevadeo? 4. 4.Belina ………… atada? Tá qayxse • Hac esn tá qayxsn beqnde. • 1. Maxsapa hac xsapui ………… ? • (Oneo) Ni qayxse • Pashtna no qayxse. • 2. Kelasi ……….. haqadeo? • (Harqan) • Tamar nyavndeshn kartis bordn xsapi besnde.

1.

Qayxsnde • Haci esn yintayqn woda gizio. • 3.Nansi …………. yevadeo? • (Wosken, hareshn) • 4.Belina ………… atada? • (Wosken) sene qal nac

Can 3: 7nuc ab ert

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qal ert • nabab Qalndis bitni nabab Qayxsnde • Qalnda hac dungam xsapndis bitni nababmnde. A B C Konsu cacnsu pikasi Mit kyarsnsuc qayxsuci Mant gabtn qayxsarguci aynsue Nabab ( 30 deqiqa) gixim

140

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

Qal ert (10 deqiqa) Aparqn nabab ( 5 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 4nuc ertn nababsnuc giximi eri yintayqn yistan hayxnde. Nabab yits (10 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab7nuc ertn “Gixim” maki yiskuc nababis yintayqn kay yintayqn katsis sisargu yisti nababmi ap gah yapmnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavnd nababmsnde. • Wo ersasagendo! tamar nyavndi nababmagucn itsayqndeshn koysti yiskuc gats gatsnde.Uc geshn tamar nyavnd ibaram nababmi yiskucis xish beqnde. Nabab geshnuc oxh (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde 1. Hac kamam xsapnd gixim porsh hayxnde. (Tamar nyavndi karsasnde.) 2. “Bá beqnsend senyama” maki yiskuci har makeo? (Tamar nyavndi karsasnde.) Woyntanuc ap gah: • Qalnd • xsap

Can 3: 8nuc ab ert

Qalnd ( 10 deqiqa) Qalndis ingas Qayxsnde Ing kart 1. Ch 2. C 3. C’ 4. A 5. B Xsap (25 deqiqa) Gixim xsap (15 deqiqa) Qayxsnde

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

141

• Can1 ab 5nuc ertn xsapuc ap gahn dontangi giximis dumarsis karsi xsapmnde. Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 8nuc ertn Sovn segam yisti tami cohi ata maki yiskuc gixim max maxa masmar pporshis hayxnde. • Gixim ucn amaga masmaragi yisteo? • (7 masmar) • Amaga ket dekagian gixim yisteo? • (3 ket dek endisind: e , a o) • Tamar nyavndis ucwoxn maki oxhnde.

Woyntanuc ap gah: • Ibaram nabab • Hayx • Gah hig

Can 3: 9nuc ab ert

Ibaram nabab (15 deqiqa)

gyars pugnd nab Aparqn nabab (2 deqiqa) Aparqnuc ertam gaxsas Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 7nuc ertn xsapnd gixim dentkan eri yintayqn yiskucis gixim ap gahis hayxnde. • Uc geshn tamar nyavndi hayxnsnde. Nabab ( 8 deqiqa) Qayxsnde • Can1 ab 7nuc ertn xsapnd giximis soysi kars nababmnde. • Uc geshn gixim gobqan oxh kesi oxhnde. • Amtseshn : Gixim ucn amaga masmaragi yisteo? • (Tamar nyavndis karsnsnde.) • Amaga ket dekagian gixim yisteo? • (Tamar nyavndis karsnsnde.) • Tamar nyavndis ucwoxn maki oxhnde. Hayx (15 deqiqa) Bá qer tats hayx Qayxsnde • Benc’non gixima yintayqn eri yiskuci yistan hayxnde. Gah hig (10 deqiqa) • Can1 ab 9nuc ertn oxh qal estendam sapm x’on gah qayxsnde. • Oneo wosasam har hareshn wosken hanucn • Ni sumi oneo?

142

Ersasaguc maxsap

7 kipil

• • • • •

Wosasam yevadao? Har beqadao? Hareshn yanqadao? Wosken wonsao? Hanucn yistao?

7 kipil

Ersasaguc maxsap

143