CSA B140.12-03 - Oil-Burning Equipment: Service Water Heaters for Domestic Hot Water, Space Heating, and Swimming Pools (reaffirmed 2018) 1553970799

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B140.12-03 (reaffirmed 2018)

Oil-Burning Equipment: Service Water Heaters for Domestic Hot Water, Space Heating, and Swimming Pools

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Standards Update Service B140.12-03 June 2003 Title: Oil-Burning Equipment: Service Water Heaters for Domestic Hot Water, Space Heating, and Swimming Pools Pagination: 44 pages (ix preliminary and 35 text), each dated June 2003 To register for e-mail notification about any updates to this publication •

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CSA Standard

B140.12-03 Oil-Burning Equipment: Service Water Heaters for Domestic Hot Water, Space Heating, and Swimming Pools

Published in June 2003 by Canadian Standards Association A not-for-profit private sector organization 5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6 1-800-463-6727 • 416-747-4044

Visit our Online Store at www.csa.ca

ISBN 1-55397-079-9 Technical Editor: Mario Micallef © Canadian Standards Association — 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.

© Canadian Standards Association

Oil-Burning Equipment: Service Water Heaters for Domestic Hot Water, Space Heating, and Swimming Pools

Contents Technical Committee on Oil-Burning Appliance Standards vi Preface viii Foreword ix 1 Scope 1 2 Reference Publications and Definitions 1 2.1 Reference Publications 1 2.2 Definitions 3 3 General Requirements 3 3.1 General 3 3.1.1 Relevant Standard 3 3.1.2 Controls 3 3.1.3 Location of Controls 3 3.2 Burner 3 3.2.1 Relevant Standards 3 3.2.2 Positive Position and Alignment 3 3.2.3 Oil Burner Enclosure 3 3.2.4 Installation 3 3.3 Electrical Features 4 3.4 Methods of Assembly and Shipment 4 3.4.1 Assembly and Shipment 4 3.4.2 Complete Water Heater 4 3.4.3 Field Assembly 4 4 Construction 4 4.1 General 4 4.2 Accessibility of Parts 5 4.3 Location of Fuel Lines and Fuel Components 5 4.4 Jacket (Casing) 5 4.5 Lubrication 6 4.6 Flue-Gas Passages and Flue Collars 6 4.7 Draft Regulators 6 4.8 Primary and Secondary Heating Surfaces 7 4.9 Access Doors to Combustion Chambers 7 4.10 Observation of the Flame Zone 7 4.11 Refractory Materials 7 4.12 Metal Combustion Chambers 7 4.13 Flue Baffles and Flame Baffles 8 4.14 Insulating Materials 8 4.15 Controls and Fittings 8 4.15.1 General 8 4.15.2 Primary Safety Controls 8 4.15.3 Safety Limit Devices 9 4.15.4 Electrical Circuits — Temperature Safety Limit Controls 9 4.15.5 Operating Controls for Hot Water Supply Temperature 10

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4.15.6 Drain Connection 10 4.16 Dip Tubes 10 5 Marking 10 5.1 Heater Data 10 5.2 Installation Data 11 5.3 Field-Mounted Burners 11 6 Instructions 12 6.1 General 12 6.2 Installation Instructions 12 6.3 Operating Instructions 13 6.4 Service Manual 14 7 Tests: Normal Operation 14 7.1 General 14 7.2 Test Set-up and General Procedures 15 7.3 Combustion 16 7.3.1 General 16 7.3.2 Smoke Density 16 7.3.3 Flue-Gas Temperature 16 7.4 Heating Capacity (Recovery Rate) 16 7.4.1 Requirement 16 7.4.2 Indirect Method 16 7.4.3 Direct Method 17 7.5 Temperature Safety Limit Device 18 7.5.1 Test Requirement 18 7.5.2 Test Procedures 18 7.6 Safety Valve and Pressure and Temperature Safety Relief Valve 19 7.6.1 Safety Valve Performance (Pressure) 19 7.6.2 Pressure and Temperature Safety Relief Valve — Relieving and Reseating Temperatures 19 7.7 Operating Control Performance 20 7.8 Normal Operation Temperatures 20 7.8.1 Test Requirements 20 7.8.2 General Requirements for Test Enclosures 20 7.8.3 Standard Enclosure 21 7.8.4 Alcove-Type Enclosure 21 7.8.5 Closet-Type Enclosure for Floor-Mounted Water Heaters 21 7.8.6 Test Procedures 21 7.8.7 Recycling Test 22 7.9 Hydrostatic Test 22 7.9.1 Test Requirements 22 7.9.2 Test Procedure 23 8 Tests: Abnormal Operation 23 8.1 General 23 8.2 Abnormal Chimney Draft 23 8.3 Abnormal Voltage and Cold Fuel 24 8.3.1 Test Requirements 24 8.3.2 Test Procedure 24 8.4 Power Failure 25 8.5 Flooded Pot Burnoff (Vaporizing Burners) 25 8.6 Burnoff (Atomizing Burners) 25 8.7 Jacket (Casing) Temperature 26

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9 Burner Tests 26 9.1 Vaporizing Burners 26 9.2 Atomizing and Wall-Flame Burners 26 10 Appliances for Heating Swimming Pool Water 27 10.1 General 27 10.2 Flue-Gas Passageways 27 10.3 Cleanout 27 10.4 Corrosion Protection 27 10.5 Pressure Drop 28 10.6 Controls 28 10.7 Pool Heaters Intended for Operation at Atmospheric Pressure 28 10.8 Simulated Endurance Test 29 10.9 Minimum Thermal Operating Efficiency 29 10.10 Outdoor Appliances 29 10.10.1 Adequate Protection from the Weather 29 10.10.2 Venting Systems 29 10.10.3 Cabinet Components 30 10.10.4 Inlet-Air Openings 30 10.10.5 Main Flame Observation 30 10.10.6 Doors 30 10.10.7 Outer Surface Temperature 30 10.11 Simulated Rain Test 30 10.11.1 General 30 10.11.2 Simulated Rain Test Procedure 31 10.11.3 Insulation Resistance Test 31 10.11.4 Dielectric Strength Test 31 10.12 Simulated Wind Test 31 10.12.1 General 31 10.12.2 Simulated Wind Test Procedure 31 10.13 Marking 32 10.13.1 General 32 10.13.2 Over-Fire Pressure 32 10.14 Installation Instructions 32 10.15 Operating, Service, and Maintenance Instructions 33 Table 34 Figure 35

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Technical Committee on Oil-Burning Appliance Standards M.F.C. Brooker

Bradford White Canada Inc., Mississauga, Ontario

Chair

J. Godfree

Jeremy Godfree Product Design, Pugwash, Nova Scotia

Vice-Chair

C. Baumgartner

Yukon Housing Corporation, Whitehorse, Yukon Territory

R.L.D. Cane

Caneta Research, Mississauga, Ontario

Associate

M. Evans

Underwriters’ Laboratories of Canada, Scarborough, Ontario

Associate

R. Greiss

Department of National Defence, Ottawa, Ontario

Associate

E. Grzesik

Ontario Ministry of Energy, Science and Technology, Toronto, Ontario

A.C.S. Hayden

Advanced Combustion Technologies, Ottawa, Ontario

K. Johnson

Newmac Manufacturing Incorporated, Debert, Nova Scotia

M. Leung

City of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario

I. Lindsay

Riello Canada Incorporated, Mississauga, Ontario

I.W. Mault

Manitoba Department of Labour, Winnipeg, Manitoba

R. McCullough

Saskatchewan Corrections and Public Safety, Regina, Saskatchewan

P.G. McKay

Weil-McLain, Brampton, Ontario

R. Mossavi

Viessmann Manufacturing Company, Waterloo, Ontario

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Oil-Burning Equipment: Service Water Heaters for Domestic Hot Water, Space Heating, and Swimming Pools

P. Rizcallah

National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario

R. Sumabat

Technical Standards & Safety Authority, Toronto, Ontario

J. Thériault

Corporation des Maîtres Mécaniciens du Québec, Montréal, Québec

H. West

H.R. West Holdings, Brampton, Ontario

A.E. Wood

Islington, Ontario Consumer Representative

M. Micallef

CSA, Mississauga, Ontario

June 2003

Associate

Associate

Project Manager

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Preface This is the fourth edition of CSA B140.12, Oil-Burning Equipment: Service Water Heaters for Domestic Hot Water, Space Heating, and Swimming Pools. It supersedes the third edition, published in 1976 under the title Oil-Fired Service Water Heaters and Swimming Pool Heaters, and the first two editions, published in 1972 and 1966 under the title Oil-Fired Service Water Heaters. A number of changes have been incorporated into the new edition: (a) the referenced standards have been updated (Clause 2.1); (b) construction requirements are provided for determining when a water heater needs to meet CSA B51 (Clause 4.1); (c) glass-lined tanks are now evaluated in accordance with CAN/CSA-C309 (Clause 4.1.4); (d) the requirement for metal combustion chambers has been clarified (Clause 4.12); (e) the optional use of an additional temperature-control device has been added (Clause 4.15.5); (f) marking requirements have been amended to include the use of service water heaters for combination heating and domestic hot water supply (Clause 6.2); (g) a jacket temperature test has been added to the abnormal tests (Clause 8.7); (h) the minimum thermal operating efficiency test has been added for swimming pool water heaters (Clause 10.9); (i) this Standard has been converted to SI (metric) units with yard/pound (imperial) units or US Customary Measurements shown for information only; and (j) for domestic water heaters, the use of a water-tempering valve is recommended in Clauses 4.15.5 and 6.2(r), and a new requirement for warning labels in Clause 5.1.2 has also been added to help prevent scalding injuries. This Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee on Oil-Burning Appliance Standards, under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Fire Safety and Fuel Burning Equipment, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee. June 2003 Notes: (1) Use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows. (2) Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility of the users of the Standard to judge its suitability for their particular purpose. (3) This publication was developed by consensus, which is defined by CSA Policy governing standardization — Code of good practice for standardization as “substantial agreement. Consensus implies much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity”. It is consistent with this definition that a member may be included in the Technical Committee list and yet not be in full agreement with all clauses of this publication. (4) CSA Standards are subject to periodic review, and suggestions for their improvement will be referred to the appropriate committee. (5) All enquiries regarding this Standard, including requests for interpretation, should be addressed to Canadian Standards Association, 5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6. Requests for interpretation should (a) define the problem, making reference to the specific clause, and, where appropriate, include an illustrative sketch; (b) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and (c) be phrased where possible to permit a specific “yes” or “no” answer. Committee interpretations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and guidelines governing standardization and are published in CSA’s periodical Info Update, which is available on the CSA Web site at www.csa.ca.

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Foreword The Canadian Standards Association (CSA) develops standards under the name Canadian Standards Association, and provides certification and testing under the name CSA International. CSA International provides certification services for manufacturers who, under license from CSA, wish to use the appropriate registered CSA Marks on certain products of their manufacture to indicate conformity with CSA Standards. CSA Certification for a number of products is provided in the interest of maintaining agreed-upon standards of quality, performance, interchangeability and/or safety, as appropriate. Where applicable, certification may form the basis for acceptance by inspection authorities responsible for enforcement of regulations. Where feasible, programs will be developed for additional products for which certification is desired by producers, consumers, or other interests. In performing its functions in accordance with its objectives, CSA does not assume or undertake to discharge any responsibility of the manufacturer or any other party. The opinions and findings of the Association represent its professional judgment given with due consideration to the necessary limitations of practical operation and state of the art at the time the Standard is processed. Products in substantial accord with this Standard but which exhibit a minor difference or a new feature may be deemed to meet the Standard providing the feature or difference is found acceptable utilizing appropriate CSA International Operating Procedures. Products that comply with this Standard shall not be certified if they are found to have additional features which are inconsistent with the intent of this Standard. Products shall not be certifiable if they are discovered to contravene applicable laws or regulations. Testing techniques, test procedures, and instrumentation frequently must be prescribed by CSA International in addition to the technical requirements contained in Standards of CSA. In addition to markings specified in the Standard, CSA International may require special cautions, markings, and instructions that are not specified by the Standard. Some tests required by CSA Standards may be inherently hazardous. The Association neither assumes nor accepts any responsibility for any injury or damage that may occur during or as the result of tests, wherever performed, whether performed in whole or in part by the manufacturer or the Association, and whether or not any equipment, facility, or personnel for or in connection with the test is furnished by the manufacturer or the Association. Manufacturers should note that, in the event of the failure of CSA International to resolve an issue arising from the interpretation of requirements, there is an appeal procedure: the complainant should submit the matter, in writing, to the Secretary of the Canadian Standards Association. If this Standard is to be used in obtaining CSA Certification please remember, when making application for certification, to request all current Amendments, Bulletins, Notices, and Technical Information Letters that may be applicable and for which there may be a nominal charge. For such information or for further information concerning CSA Certification, please address your inquiry to Applications and Customer Service, CSA International, 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M9W 1R3.

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B140.12-03 Oil-Burning Equipment: Service Water Heaters for Domestic Hot Water, Space Heating, and Swimming Pools 1 Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to complete flue-connected, oil-fired service water heaters that are provided with automatic control devices. These service water heaters may be used both for heating and for supplying of domestic hot water. They are not to be used as sole source heating appliances.

1.2 The requirements in this Standard apply to service water heaters to be operated at pressures not exceeding 1035 kPa (150 psi) and water temperatures not exceeding 99 EC (210EF).

1.3 Requirements for heaters for heating swimming pool water are included in Clause 10.

1.4 The requirements in this Standard apply to the oil-burning equipment, and appurtenances thereto, included in the assembly of the water heater.

1.5 The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

2 Reference Publications and Definitions 2.1 Reference Publications This Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the edition listed below. CSA (Canadian Standards Association) 4.1-2001/ANSI Z21.10.1-2001 Gas Water Heaters — Volume I, Storage Water Heaters With Input Ratings of 75,000 Btu Per Hour or Less 4.4-M99/ANSI Z21.22-1999 Relief Valves for Hot Water Supply Systems

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B51-03 Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code B125-01 Plumbing Fittings B139 (under development) Installation Code for Oil-Burning Equipment B140.0-03 Oil-Burning Equipment: General Requirements B140.1-1966 (R2001) Vapourizing-Type Oil Burners CAN/CSA-B140.2.1-M90 (R2000) Oil Burners; Atomizing Type B140.7.1-1976 (R2001) Oil-Fired Steam and Hot-Water Boilers for Residential Use C22.1-02 Canadian Electrical Code, Part I, Safety Standard for Electrical Installations C22.2 Canadian Electrical Code, Part II C22.2 No. 3-M1988 (R1999) Electrical Features of Fuel-Burning Equipment C22.2 No. 24-93 (R1999) Temperature-Indicating and -Regulating Equipment CAN/CSA-C309-M90 (R1998) Performance Requirements for Glass-Lined Storage Tanks for Household Hot Water Service ANSI (American National Standards Institute) Z535.4-2002 Product Safety Signs and Labels ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 2001 ASSE (American Society of Sanitary Engineering) 1016-1996 Individual Thermostatic, Pressure Balancing, and Combination Pressure Balancing and Thermostatic Control Valves for Individual Fixture Fittings 1017-1998 Temperature Actuated Mixing Valves for Hot Water Distribution Systems ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) A 123M-00 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products

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Oil-Burning Equipment: Service Water Heaters for Domestic Hot Water, Space Heating, and Swimming Pools

2.2 Definitions The definitions in CSA B139 apply in this Standard. Derivatives of defined terms are to be interpreted in accordance with the corresponding definitions.

3 General Requirements 3.1 General 3.1.1 Relevant Standard The equipment shall meet the general provisions of CSA B140.0.

3.1.2 Controls Each water heater shall be provided with (a) a primary safety control that will prevent an unsafe condition resulting from ignition or flame failure; (b) an operating control (thermostat) that will control the temperature of the water within the water heater storage tank; and (c) a temperature and pressure safety limiting method that is either (i) a combined pressure and temperature relief valve that has the temperature-sensing element immersed in the water within the top 150 mm (6 in) of the tank; or (ii) a separate pressure-relief valve and a temperature-limit device.

3.1.3 Location of Controls Where the sensing element of an operating control is intended for a location that is remote from the water heater storage tank, such a control shall be considered a secondary operating control and the requirements of Clauses 3.1.2(b) and 3.1.2(c) shall apply in their entirety.

3.2 Burner 3.2.1 Relevant Standards The oil burner, and all associated components, shall meet the requirements of CSA B140.1 or CAN/CSA-B140.2.1.

3.2.2 Positive Position and Alignment Means shall be provided so that the positive position and the alignment of the burner, the combustion chamber, and the other component parts of the water heater can be maintained. Note: The intent of this clause is to ensure that means are provided to hold the burner in proper position so that it will not be disturbed by vibration; it is not intended to limit the burner design to flange mounted.

3.2.3 Oil Burner Enclosure Where the oil burner is enclosed either separately or within the water heater jacket (casing), provision shall be made for an adequate supply of combustion and ventilating air to the burner as determined in Clauses 7 and 8.

3.2.4 Installation The water heater shall be designed so that it can be installed in accordance with the requirements of CSA B139.

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3.3 Electrical Features 3.3.1 The electrical features that are a part of, or are used in conjunction with, the oil-burning equipment covered by this Standard shall meet the applicable requirements of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part II (C22.2 series of Standards), and in particular CSA C22.2 No. 3.

3.3.2 Each service water heater shall be provided with a terminal or connection box, or the equivalent, suitable for conduit connection to the source of supply. The terminal box shall be so located on the service water heater that the supply connection does not need to be disconnected for normal servicing of the water heater.

3.4 Methods of Assembly and Shipment 3.4.1 Assembly and Shipment The methods of assembly and shipment of the equipment shall comply with the applicable requirements of CSA B140.0. Note: Water heaters should be factory-assembled before shipment and shipped assembled.

3.4.2 Complete Water Heater The equipment shall consist of a service water heater with an integral* or a separate specified† oil burner, and all the necessary safety controls, electrical equipment, enclosures, etc, arranged for factory or field assembly as a complete unit. If the burner is a separate specified type, the water heater shall be designed to accommodate the specific type and shall be provided with a marking indicating the burner with which it is to be equipped. *“Integral” refers to a factory-mounted burner, or one that is especially designed for use with the particular water heater and does not lend itself for use with other makes of water heater. † “Separate specified” refers to a particular make and model of burner supplied by the water heater manufacturer as a part of the complete water heater, but intended for field mounting.

3.4.3 Field Assembly Water heaters intended for field assembly shall comply fully with the applicable requirements specified in Clauses 5 and 6.

4 Construction 4.1 General 4.1.1 The tank of a service water heater shall comply with the requirements of CSA B51 where one or more of the following apply: (a) the heating surface is greater than 2.8 m2 (30 ft2); or (b) the inside diameter is greater than 600 mm (24 in). Note: Compliance with CSA B51 will be indicated by the registration markings of one or more provinces as required by CSA B51.

4.1.2 The tank of a service water heater, except those covered by Clause 4.1.1, shall comply with the requirements for low-pressure heating boilers in Section IV of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code where one or more of the following apply:

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(a) the heat input is greater than 60 kW (200 000 Btu/h); (b) the outlet water temperature under normal operating test conditions is greater than 93 EC (200EF); or (c) the nominal water-containing capacity is greater than 455 L (120 USG).

4.1.3 If not covered by Clause 4.1.1 or 4.1.2, the tank of a service water heater shall meet the requirements of the hydrostatic test in Clause 7.9.

4.1.4 Glass-lined tanks shall conform to the requirements of CAN/CSA-C309.

4.2 Accessibility of Parts 4.2.1 The arrangement of removable parts in the assembly shall be such that their restoration, following removal, will not necessitate readjustment to secure their proper relationship with other parts of the assembly.

4.2.2 Flue-gas passageways, flue baffles, heating surfaces, and the combustion chamber shall be readily accessible for brush or scraper cleaning and soot removal without requiring major dismantling of the water heater or disconnection of wiring circuits or water lines. A suitable brush or scraper, together with instructions, shall be made available for each heater. Notes: (1) A vacuum cleaner is not considered to be an adequate cleaning tool but is considered suitable for soot removal following brush or scraper cleaning. (2) The disconnection of fuel line joints to remove a burner is considered acceptable. (3) If electrical components are to be removed during cleaning operations, means should be provided to enable the removal of the device without the disconnection of electrical circuits and without producing undue strain on electrical connections. (“Undue strain” means a strain that causes damage or weakening.) (4) The phrase “major dismantling of the water heater” does not prohibit the removal of the flue pipe, the burner, or those components that are specifically designed to permit ready removal and replacement. (5) It should be possible for a non-service person to perform the cleaning operation using the instructions provided.

4.2.3 When the water heater is installed, sufficient and reasonable accessibility shall be afforded to all parts normally requiring service or adjustment (eg, controls, burners, pumps, and combustion chambers).

4.2.4 Where the water heater is intended for installation in an alcove, closet, or similar enclosure, all parts normally requiring service or adjustment shall be readily accessible from the opening to the enclosure.

4.3 Location of Fuel Lines and Fuel Components Fuel piping and fuel-handling components shall be located where they are accessible.

4.4 Jacket (Casing) 4.4.1 An outer jacket (casing) shall be made of suitable material, reinforced or formed so that it will not be damaged through handling, shipment, installation, and use. All exposed surfaces shall be protected against atmospheric corrosion. The finish shall be protected against heat damage.

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4.4.2 Access panels for normal service shall be designed to readily permit repeated removal and replacement without causing damage or impairing any required insulating value.

4.4.3 A removable panel through which air is drawn for combustion shall be designed to prevent it from being attached in a manner that may cause unsafe performance of the water heater.

4.4.4 A removable panel shall be constructed in such a way that it is not interchangeable with another removable panel when interchange may allow unsafe operation of the water heater.

4.4.5 The jacket (casing) of a water heater intended for installation on a combustible floor shall completely enclose the bottom of the water heater.

4.4.6 Where the water heater jacket (casing) includes a base panel located beneath the oil burner, the construction shall be such that the possibility of fuel accumulating beneath the combustion chamber is reduced to a minimum.

4.5 Lubrication 4.5.1 Reasonable means shall be provided for lubricating the motor and bearings, where necessary.

4.5.2 Instructions for the lubrication of motors and bearings shall be included in the operating instructions.

4.6 Flue-Gas Passages and Flue Collars 4.6.1 Each service water heater shall be provided with a securely mounted metal flue collar that can be attached to the female end of a flue pipe (chimney connector).

4.6.2 The flue collar shall extend through the jacket (casing) a sufficient distance to permit secure attachment of the flue pipe (chimney connector).

4.6.3 The cross-sectional area of the flue-gas passages shall be of sufficient size that, in the combustion tests, an excessive pressure rise will not be created in the combustion chamber during the ignition period and an excessive draft loss through the water heater will not be created during operation.

4.7 Draft Regulators 4.7.1 A draft regulator shall be provided with the water heater when it is shown by the abnormal draft test specified in Clause 8.2 that a draft regulator is required.

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4.7.2 Draft regulators shall comply with the requirements of CSA B140.0.

4.8 Primary and Secondary Heating Surfaces 4.8.1 Primary and secondary heating surfaces, and other surfaces exposed to the direct heat of the flame or to the products of combustion, shall be constructed of steel, cast iron, or other suitable materials.

4.8.2 The maximum operating temperatures of the materials forming primary and secondary heating surfaces, combustion chambers, hearths, flue and flame baffles, and other equivalent surfaces shall not exceed the applicable material temperature limits prescribed for normal operation in CSA B140.0 when the equipment is tested according to the normal operating temperatures test of Clause 7.8.

4.9 Access Doors to Combustion Chambers 4.9.1 The combustion chamber shall be fitted with doors or equivalent means permitting ready access for necessary servicing operations. Where the recommended replacement combustion chamber is of different specification from the original, the replacement chamber shall also comply with this Standard and shall be tested in accordance with Clause 7, as applicable.

4.9.2 A pressure-relief door (such as a weighted-hinged door, a spring-loaded door, or an equivalent) shall be provided if the manner in which a water heater is constructed allows the flue baffles or internal elements to completely obstruct flue passages in the event of operational failure.

4.10 Observation of the Flame Zone Provision shall be made to permit observation of the flame zone and the burner fire conditions.

4.11 Refractory Materials 4.11.1 Refractory materials shall be adequately held in place and shall be accessible for service or replacement without having to disconnect water lines or electric circuits except those connected to the burner.

4.11.2 The maximum operating temperature of a refractory material shall be less than its recommended maximum temperature.

4.12 Metal Combustion Chambers 4.12.1 Metal combustion chambers shall be capable of withstanding the operating conditions specified in the unit tests in Clauses 7 and 8 without evidence of visible deterioration, failure, or fatigue.

4.12.2 Metal combustion chambers shall be fixed securely in position and shall be accessible for service or replacement.

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4.13 Flue Baffles and Flame Baffles Flue baffles and flame baffles shall be fixed or hinged securely in position and shall be constructed and located in such a way that they can withstand the operating conditions specified in the unit tests in Clauses 7 and 8 without evidence of visible deterioration. Note: Such baffles or their supports may be secured by screws, welding, interference fit (press-fit), pivots, or other means suitable for the application.

4.14 Insulating Materials 4.14.1 Materials used for insulation, linings, unit seals, and similar applications shall be suitable for the conditions encountered in service.

4.14.2 Heat insulation, and similar material that may be subjected to heat, shall have heat- and moistureresisting properties and shall be of a type that will not support combustion.

4.14.3 Insulating materials shall be adequately supported and maintained in the intended position. Note: The suitability of the support (adhesive, clips, or other means) provided for insulating materials is determined on the basis of its application and its ability to withstand the operating conditions specified in the unit tests in Clauses 7 and 8.

4.15 Controls and Fittings 4.15.1 General 4.15.1.1 The fittings and controls required by Clauses 3.1.2 and 3.1.3 shall be supplied for service water heaters.

4.15.1.2 Fittings and controls that are in contact with water shall have corrosion-resistant properties equal to those of the tank.

4.15.1.3 Water heaters supplied with sacrificial anticorrosive devices, such as magnesium anodes, shall have provision for the replacement of such devices without requiring the disconnection of the water pipe.

4.15.2 Primary Safety Controls 4.15.2.1 Each water heater shall be equipped with a primary safety control of a type suitable for the burner with which it is used.

4.15.2.2 Where the primary safety control is of the combustion-safety control type, the control shall operate to shut off the burner upon ignition failure or flame failure within the applicable nominal time period specified in CAN/CSA-B140.2.1.

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4.15.3 Safety Limit Devices 4.15.3.1 Each oil-fired service water heater shall be equipped with suitable devices that will prevent excessive pressure and temperature in the heater.

4.15.3.2 The safety limit device shall function separately from the operating control(s).

4.15.3.3 A temperature safety limit device, where used with a service water heater (see Clause 3.1.2), shall (a) be of the immersion type or factory-installed surface-mounted type; (b) be mounted directly on the water heater; and (c) function to prevent the water at the outlet of the service water heater from exceeding 99 EC (210EF) when tested in accordance with Clause 7.

4.15.3.4 Each service water heater shall have a (a) pressure safety relief valve; or (b) pressure and temperature safety relief valve of the automatic-reseating type that meets the requirements of CSA 4.4/ANSI Z21.22. The pressure safety relief valve or the pressure and temperature safety relief valve shall have sufficient capacity to relieve the internal tank pressure at the maximum heat input to the water heater. Where a pressure and temperature safety relief valve is used, the temperature-sensing element shall be located in the water in the top 150 mm (6 in) of the tank. The valves on service water heaters covered by Clause 4.1.1 shall be registered as required by CSA B51. The pressure portion of these valves shall be set to relieve at a pressure at or below the maximum allowable working pressure for the tank. The temperature-sensing element of the pressure and temperature safety relief valve shall operate to open the valve when the temperature at the temperaturesensing element is 99 EC (210EF) or less.

4.15.3.5 No valves shall be installed and no obstructions shall be permitted in the connection between a safety limit device and the tank of the service water heater.

4.15.4 Electrical Circuits — Temperature Safety Limit Controls 4.15.4.1 Temperature safety limit controls intended to prevent unsafe operation of the heating equipment by opening an electrical circuit to the burner or to the shutoff device shall be arranged to effect direct opening of that circuit, whether the switching mechanism is integral to the sensing element or remote from it. Note: The purpose of this requirement is to prevent the interposition in the limit control circuit of other controls, the failure of which may create an unsafe condition. However, a limit control may interrupt the pilot circuit of a magnetic-type motor controller, which, in turn, directly opens the safety circuit, when it is necessary to interrupt a single-phase circuit carrying a load greater than the capacity of available limit controls or to interrupt a multiphase circuit.

4.15.4.2 The power to an electronic control circuit shall be maintained independently of the power in the control circuit.

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4.15.5 Operating Controls for Hot Water Supply Temperature Each water heater shall have an adjustable operating control (thermostat) and may also have an additional means of temperature control such as a thermostatically controlled mixing valve. Each adjustable operating control shall have a detent or a legible marking consistent with a water temperature setting of 49 ± 5 °C (120 ± 9°F). The operating control or the additional control device shall be adjusted to its 49 °C (120°F) setting before shipping from the factory. The sensing element of the operating control shall be located so that the operating control operates the water heater without causing the temperature safety limiting device to function.

4.15.6 Drain Connection Storage vessels shall be equipped with a drain valve to facilitate emptying the tank for cleaning or withdrawing water to eliminate foreign deposits. Drain valves on counter-type water heaters shall be accessible from the front of the water heater. Drain valves on water heaters intended to be installed in a closet shall be accessible when the water heater is installed as it would be in use or service.

4.16 Dip Tubes Dip tubes, if used, shall meet the requirements specified in CSA 4.1/ANSI Z21.10.1.

5 Marking 5.1 Heater Data 5.1.1 Each heater shall be plainly marked in a permanent manner with (a) the manufacturer’s name, trade name, or other recognized identification; (b) the model or type number of the water heater; (c) the maximum fuel input in suitable units (ie, L/h or USgph); (d) the heaviest grade of fuel oil; (e) the following nozzle and pump data, where applicable: (i) nozzle capacity, where this is different from the fuel input; (ii) pump pressure if other than 690 kPa (100 psi); (iii) nozzle angle; (iv) type of spray (spray pattern), where necessary (as determined by test); and (v) the nozzle manufacturer’s name, trade name, or other recognized identification; (f) the heating capacity (recovery rate) in L (imperial gallons or US gallons). The type of gallon shall be designated; (g) the electrical ratings as specified in CSA C22.2 No. 3; (h) an indication that the water heater includes an energy cutoff device, if so equipped; (i) the maximum working pressure in kPa (lb/in2); and (j) if the pressure-relief valve is shipped separately from the water heater, the statement “CERTIFIED ONLY WHEN EQUIPPED WITH A PRESSURE-RELIEF VALVE INSTALLED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS”, or the equivalent. Note: The thermostat may have a factory-set temperature lower than 60 EC (140°F).

5.1.2 For water heaters intended for household use, each heater shall bear a permanent safety warning label. This label shall be located in close proximity to the means of temperature adjustment but not on the control cover. The label shall conform to the following: (a) The label shall conform to the requirements of ANSI Z535.4.

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(b) The illustration shall show a faucet, knobs, bathtub/sink outline, spraying water, and hand, and shall be black on a white background. The word HOT shall be in red, bold-faced letters. The word BURN shall be in red, bold-faced letters. (c) The following text shall appear alongside (horizontal arrangement) or below (vertical arrangement) the illustration: “Water temperature over 49 EC (120EF) can cause severe burns instantly or death from scalds. Children, persons with disabilities, and the elderly are at the highest risk of being scalded. Refer to the instruction manual before setting or adjusting the temperature of the water heater. Feel the water before bathing or showering. Temperature limiting valves are available.” A representative label is shown in Figure 1.

5.2 Installation Data 5.2.1 Each water heater shall be marked with (a) the minimum clearance, when installed, between the water heater and adjacent construction; (b) the type of floor (ie, combustible or noncombustible); (c) if applicable, data with respect to the ventilation openings that are necessary when the water heater is intended for closet installation; (d) special clearances required for access to the water heater for cleaning and servicing operations, if any of these clearances are greater than those required in Item (a); (e) the statement ”A CLEANOUT BRUSH OR SCRAPER IS AVAILABLE FROM THE HEATER MANUFACTURER”, or the equivalent; and (f) the statement “SUITABLE FOR WATER (POTABLE) HEATING AND SPACE HEATING”, or the equivalent. Note: The markings may be on a paper label, water transfer, or the equivalent.

5.2.2 The installation data shall be located adjacent to, or shall be combined with, the markings specified in Clause 5.1.

5.2.3 Water heaters having nonmetallic dip tubes shall be marked at the cold water inlet with the following or equivalent: “DO NOT APPLY HEAT TO THIS FITTING WHEN MAKING SWEAT CONNECTIONS TO HEATER. SWEAT TUBING TO ADAPTER BEFORE FITTING ADAPTER TO COLD WATER INLET OF HEATER. NO HEAT CAN BE APPLIED TO THE WATER HEATER INLET AS IT CONTAINS A NONMETALLIC DIP TUBE”. Note: The markings may be on a paper tag or sticker attached to the fitting.

5.3 Field-Mounted Burners 5.3.1 When a heater and a burner are shipped as separate items, the following marking, or its equivalent, to identify the proper burner shall be on the water heater: “FOR USE ONLY WITH (specify manufacturer or type identification of the burner) OIL BURNER MODEL (specify model or type number of the specific burner)”.

5.3.2 The burner data shall be located where it will be seen when installing the burner. Note: The marking may be on a paper label, water transfer, or the equivalent.

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6 Instructions 6.1 General 6.1.1 The instructions shall comply with the applicable requirements of CSA B140.0.

6.1.2 The manufacturer shall provide installation and operating instructions with each water heater and shall provide a service manual, which shall be made available to installers. Note: The installation instructions may be separate from or combined with the operating instructions. Similarly, the instructions for the burner may be separate from those for the water heater.

6.1.3 Where the information required in Clause 6.2, 6.3, or 6.4 is included in the permanent marking on the water heater, it shall not be required in the installation or operating instructions, or the service manual. In this case, reference shall be made to the appliance marking label in the installation or operating instructions, or the service manual.

6.2 Installation Instructions The installation instructions shall include the following information, where applicable: (a) the statement “THE INSTALLATION OF THE UNIT SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE REGULATIONS OF THE AUTHORITIES HAVING JURISDICTION”, or the equivalent; Note: Reference should be made to CSA B139 for recommended installation practice.

(b) adequate information for the complete installation of the water heater, including (i) the information required to properly install the various components and subassemblies of the water heater, where such components are not factory-assembled; and Note: It is recommended that step-by-step illustrations of the method of assembling the equipment be used.

(ii) a complete list of all subassemblies or components packed separately; (c) adequate information about the placement of the water heater; (d) the recommended minimum clearances between the flue pipe and surroundings, and between the water heater and surroundings (eg, walls, partitions, overhead structures, and other materials), and the type of floor permissible (ie, combustible or noncombustible); (e) information about the installation, adjustment, and operation of electrical controls, limit controls, etc; Note: Such information should preferably be given using illustrations, where possible.

(f) a complete wiring diagram of the equipment; (g) information about the installation of the fuel supply tank, and the fuel line to be connected to the burner; Note: This section should be supplemented with illustrations of typical installations.

(h) the statement “AN OIL-FIRED UNIT SHALL BE CONNECTED TO A FLUE HAVING SUFFICIENT DRAFT AT ALL TIMES TO ENSURE SAFE AND PROPER OPERATION OF THE UNIT”, or the equivalent; (i) adequate information about the chimneys (ie, size, elevation, condition); (j) instructions for the installation and adjustment of the draft regulator, when supplied; (k) instructions for locating, levelling, and securing the burner, when not installed by the manufacturer; (l) information about air requirements in the room for satisfactory combustion and ventilation; Note: For recommended practice refer to CSA B139.

(m) information about the installation of escape pipes or drain pipes from relief valves; (n) the statement, “WHEN AN APPLIANCE USING A FLOAT VALVE BETWEEN THE SUPPLY TANK AND THE BURNER IS CONNECTED TO A SUPPLY TANK WITH A CAPACITY OVER 40 L (9 IMPERIAL GALLONS), A VALVE OPERATED BY A FUSIBLE LINK SHALL BE INSTALLED IN THE FUEL LINE ADJACENT TO, AND UPSTREAM FROM, THE FLOAT VALVE”, or the equivalent; (o) a statement that piping components and connection materials (eg, solder, solvent cement, thread

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joint compounds) used in space heating systems and connected to the service water heater shall be suitable for use with potable water; (p) a statement that toxic chemicals such as those used for boiler treatment shall not be introduced into the potable water system that is also used for space heating; (q) a statement that a water heater that will be used to supply domestic hot water shall not be connected to the heating system or connected with components previously used with a nonpotable water heating appliance; (r) information about scald hazard potential and instructions, including a piping diagram, for a typical antiscald mixing device installation; and Note: For water heaters intended for household use, a thermostatically controlled tempering valve meeting the requirements of CSA B125 or ASSE 1016 or 1017 should be used to temper the domestic hot water supply to fixtures to 49 °C (120°F).

(s)

a statement that the correct size of the water heater shall be determined by calculations that include consideration of heat loss.

6.3 Operating Instructions The operating instructions shall include the following information, where applicable: (a) the statement “READ AND SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS FOR REFERENCE”, or the equivalent; (b) the type of fuel oil, followed by the statement “DO NOT USE GASOLINE, CRANKCASE DRAININGS, OR ANY OIL CONTAINING GASOLINE”; (c) the general manner of starting the burner and of restarting it after ignition failure, when this operation may be performed without the help of service personnel. These instructions shall include the following statement: “DO NOT ATTEMPT TO START THE BURNER WHEN EXCESS OIL HAS ACCUMULATED, WHEN THE UNIT IS FULL OF VAPOUR, OR WHEN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER IS HOT”, or the equivalent; (d) adequate information for setting the draft, including the recommended draft in the flue pipe in pascals (inches of H2O), and when necessary for correct adjustment of the unit, the recommended draft over the fire for natural draft units, or pressure over the fire for forced draft units; (e) the oil burner input capacity, in L/h or USgph; (f) for heaters incorporating atomizing burners equipped with interchangeable atomizing nozzles, the recommended spray angle and the spray pattern; (g) for heaters incorporating (i) atomizing burners, the dimensional relationship of the electrode tips with one another and with adjacent fixed and adjustable components; (ii) vaporizing burners, the elevation of the operating fuel level in the fuel-level regulating device with respect to the burning unit; and (iii) wall-flame burners, recommendations concerning the placement of the constant level valves; (h) the procedure to be followed in adjusting the supply of air and fuel for proper combustion, including such requirements as correct flame appearance or the recommended CO2 readings; (i) instructions for shutting down the burner and the water heater and the following statement, where applicable: “ALWAYS KEEP THE FUEL SUPPLY VALVE SHUT OFF IF THE BURNER IS SHUT DOWN FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME”, or the equivalent; (j) the general maintenance and care of the burner and the water heater; (k) the care of the water heater when closed down for an extended period of time, and the general manner of restarting and reconditioning the system after such a shutdown; (l) the statement “DO NOT TAMPER WITH THE UNIT OR CONTROLS”, or the equivalent; (m) instructions for the adjustment of the water temperature control thermostat; (n) the procedure to be followed in cleaning the oil filter or strainer, where this operation may be left to the discretion of the owner or operator; (o) instructions regarding the cleaning of the unit; (p) recommendations for cleaning or replacing flue pipes; (q) information relative to the replacement of the combustion chamber, including (i) the actual dimensions of the combustion chamber; and

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(ii) (r) (s)

for wall-flame burners, details for locating the hearth, hearth segments, grilles, and the ignition means; the statement “NEVER BURN GARBAGE OR PAPER IN THE UNIT, AND NEVER LEAVE PAPER OR RAGS AROUND IT”, or the equivalent; and an identified space for the name, address, and telephone number of the service person.

6.4 Service Manual The service manual shall include all the specific instructions required for servicing the water heater and shall include suitable information about the recommended cleaning procedure, including any special instructions concerning the use of the cleaning tools.

7 Tests: Normal Operation 7.1 General 7.1.1 The performance of the water heater shall be safe and reliable under normal conditions of ignition and operation when the water heater is fired at rated fuel inputs with the recommended fuel oil type. Water heaters intended for high-fire and pilot-fire operation shall be operated at both input values.

7.1.2 There shall be no excessive carbonization, smoke, temperatures, pressure, oxidation, warpage, or other phenomena that would lead to unsafe performance.

7.1.3 For water heaters using high-pressure burners, where the maximum input does not correspond to the rated nozzle capacity, safety tests shall be conducted at the greater of the two capacities.

7.1.4 If defects become evident, tests in addition to those outlined in Clauses 7.2 to 7.9 shall be performed, to determine whether such defects would result in unsafe conditions in normal operation.

7.1.5 For the purpose of these tests, the water heater, the burner, and all other equipment shall be in their designed condition, as normally supplied by the manufacturer, and as specified in the installation instructions. Equipment and controls shall be in their specified positions.

7.1.6 Where replacement components, such as combustion chambers, burner controls, etc, recommended by the manufacturer differ from the original specifications, the water heater incorporating these replacement components shall be subjected to the tests specified in Clause 7.2 to 7.9, as applicable.

7.1.7 The heating surfaces, combustion chamber, flues, and chimney shall be clean and free from soot and dust at the beginning of each test. All flue connections that could introduce air into the flue gases and that are not intended for that purpose shall be sealed.

7.1.8 Determinations, instrumentation, and methods of testing shall be in accordance with the procedures specified in CSA B140.0.

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7.2 Test Set-up and General Procedures 7.2.1 The water heater shall be installed, in an area free from drafts, in the appropriate temperature test enclosure as specified in Clause 7.8, with clearances to the enclosure as specified in the installation instructions. Note: At the discretion of the testing authority, equipment intended for installation with standard clearances as specified in CSA B140.0 may be tested in a partial enclosure.

Where a clearance to surrounding construction is specified, it shall be measured from the outer surface of the heater.

7.2.2 For test purposes, the voltage to be used shall be as listed in Table 1 and, unless otherwise stated, shall be the rated voltage. For other nominal voltages, the rated voltage shall be the same as the nominal voltage.

7.2.3 The water heater shall be fitted with the necessary pipelines to supply water to and discharge water from the tank. Suitable valves to control the rate of feed and rate of discharge shall be installed in these lines.

7.2.4 The burner shall be adjusted to the maximum fuel input specified by the water heater manufacturer in the installation instructions, within ± 2%, using the heaviest grade of fuel oil recommended by the manufacturer in the instructions.

7.2.5 Equipment intended for operation at more than one fuel input rate (eg, modulating, high-fire, or pilot-fire) shall meet the requirements when operated at all fuel input rates.

7.2.6 The burner air adjustment shall be regulated to establish the air-fuel ratio recommended by the manufacturer in the installation instructions. Notes: (1) For the purpose of these tests, the % CO2 in the flue gases may be specified and used in establishing the recommended air-fuel ratio. (2) At the request of the manufacturer, the air-fuel ratio may be adjusted to produce the maximum % CO2 in the flue gases consistent with the requirements that the smoke density not exceed a No. 1 Bacharach smoke-spot.

7.2.7 For natural draft, the chimney draft shall be adjusted to the minimum negative draft recommended by the manufacturer in the installation instructions but shall be not less than 5 Pa (0.02 in w.c.) nor more than 20 Pa (0.08 in w.c.) for water heaters having output capacities up to and including 117 kW (400 000 Btu/h). For a water heater having a gross output in excess of 117 kW (400 000 Btu/h), the maximum permissible chimney draft shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Note: Some water heaters are designed to run under positive pressure.

7.2.8 The feed water shall be at the temperature of the water supply, and the temperature shall not change at a rate greater than 1 EC (2EF) in 5 min and should not exceed 27 EC (80EF). Note: If necessary, a bleed may be installed in the feed water supply line to draw off more water from the main in order to maintain a more constant supply temperature.

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7.2.9 The discharge shall be adjusted to obtain an outlet temperature 32 ± 5.5 EC (90 ± 10EF) greater than the feed water temperature, and the difference in temperature between feed water and outlet water shall not change at a rate greater than 1 EC (2EF) in 5 min. Note: If necessary, the operating and limit controls may be bypassed to permit continuous operation.

7.2.10 The feed water temperature shall be taken at or near the inlet to the tank, and the discharge water temperature shall be taken at or near the outlet from the tank. Where the temperature is critical, it shall be taken in a tee with the temperature-sensing device inserted coaxial with the section of pipe on the tank side of the tee. The piping shall be insulated from the water heater to 300 mm (1 ft) beyond the tee.

7.2.11 The required test observations shall be made when stable operating conditions have been attained, as evidenced by consistent values being obtained for three consecutive sets of readings taken at 15 min intervals. The observations shall be recorded at regular intervals throughout the test.

7.3 Combustion 7.3.1 General Combustion shall be stable and complete.

7.3.2 Smoke Density When fired with a grade of fuel oil that is No. 2 or lighter, the water heater shall be capable of operating at a smoke density not exceeding that corresponding to a No. 1 Bacharach smoke-spot. When fired with a grade of fuel oil that is No. 4 or greater, the water heater shall be capable of operating at a smoke density not exceeding that corresponding to a No. 3 Bacharach smoke-spot.

7.3.3 Flue-Gas Temperature The maximum temperature of the flue gases shall not exceed 400 EC (750EF) (total), and the minimum temperature of the flue gases shall be not less than 150 EC (300EF) (total), except on pilot-fire operation (corrected to a 25 EC (77EF) ambient).

7.4 Heating Capacity (Recovery Rate) 7.4.1 Requirement The heating capacity for the water heater, as specified by the manufacturer, shall not exceed that determined by test.

7.4.2 Indirect Method 7.4.2.1 The flue-gas temperature and flue-gas analysis (% CO2, CO, and O2) shall be determined.

7.4.2.2 The feed water and discharge water temperatures in EC (EF) shall be taken at uniform intervals throughout the test, and the differential calculated. The differential shall be consistent throughout the test.

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7.4.2.3 The rate of fuel consumption shall be determined at uniform intervals.

7.4.2.4 The heat input to the water heater, in W (Btu/h), shall be determined.

7.4.2.5 The flue-gas loss, expressed as a percentage of heat input, shall be determined.

7.4.2.6 The jacket (casing) loss shall be considered to be 2% of the heat input except that where there is evidence of excessive heat loss through the jacket (casing), or where the manufacturer requests it, the jacket (casing) loss shall be determined in accordance with CSA B140.0. The jacket (casing) loss shall be considered excessive if the average surface temperature is more than 27 EC (50EF) above ambient.

7.4.2.7 The heating capacity shall be calculated from the following formula: ' where Q = HI = FL = LJ = K = = 100 =

&

%

heating capacity through a 55.6 EC rise, L/h heat input, W flue-gas loss, expressed as a percentage of heat input jacket (casing) loss, expressed as a percentage of heat input heat, in W, required to raise 1 L of water through 55.6 EC 64.6 factor to convert from percentage

or ' where Q = HI = FL = LJ = K = = = 100 =

&

%

heating capacity through a 100EF rise, US gal/h heat input, Btu/h flue-gas loss, expressed as a percentage of heat input jacket (casing) loss, expressed as a percentage of heat input heat, in Btu, required to raise 1 gal of water through 100EF 833 if Q is determined in US gallons per hour 1000 if Q is determined in imperial gallons per hour factor to convert from percentage

7.4.3 Direct Method 7.4.3.1 The flue-gas temperature and the flue-gas analysis (see Clause 7.4.2.1) shall be determined.

7.4.3.2 The rate of discharge, in kg/min (lb/min), shall be measured at uniform intervals. Note: The rate of discharge may be measured by the use of a calibrated flowmeter or by weighing the discharge collected over a measured time interval of not less than 5 min or by any other reliable method. June 2003

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7.4.3.3 The feed water and discharge water temperatures in EC (EF) shall be taken at uniform intervals throughout the test, and the differential calculated. The differential shall be consistent throughout the test.

7.4.3.4 The rate of fuel consumption shall be determined.

7.4.3.5 The heating capacity (recovery rate) shall be calculated from the following formula: ' where Q = W = t2 = t1 = K = =

&

heating capacity through 55.6 EC rise, L/h the average discharge rate, kg/min the average discharge water temperature, EC the average feed water temperature, EC heat, in W, required to raise 1 L of water through 55.6 EC 64.6

or ' where Q = W = t2 = t1 = K = = =

&

heating capacity through 100EF rise, gal/h; the type of gallon, imperial or US, shall be stated the average discharge rate, lb/min the average discharge water temperature, EF the average feed water temperature, EF heat, in Btu, required to raise 1 gal of water through 100EF 833 if Q is determined in US gallons per hour 1000 if Q is determined in imperial gallons per hour

7.5 Temperature Safety Limit Device 7.5.1 Test Requirement The temperature safety limit device, when adjusted to operate at a temperature equal to its maximum nominal operating temperature plus 5.5 EC (10EF), shall function to prevent the temperature of the water at the outlet of the tank from exceeding 99 EC (210EF). Note: The manufacturing tolerance permitted by CSA C22.2 No. 24 is 5.5 EC (10EF).

A control using a single sensing element to actuate both the operating and limit functions shall be adjusted to achieve the maximum limit response temperature.

7.5.2 Test Procedures 7.5.2.1 The water heater shall be installed and operated under the conditions specified in Clause 7.2.

7.5.2.2 The temperature safety limit device shall be located and mounted in accordance with the installation instructions.

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7.5.2.3 The temperature safety limit device shall be operative and shall be adjusted to the maximum temperature setting allowed by its fixed stop.

7.5.2.4 The water temperature shall be measured at the outlet of the water heater.

7.5.2.5 The water temperature at which the temperature safety limit device functions shall be determined by gradually restricting the flow through the water heater by slowly closing the control valve on the outlet to increase the temperature at the outlet at an average rate of 1 EC (2EF) per minute or less. The water heater shall be operated until the temperature safety limit device functions.

7.5.2.6 The water heater shall be allowed to cool, without adjusting the outlet control valve. The water heater shall then be operated until the temperature safety limit device functions again. The water temperature shall be taken again. If the reading is not the same as the first reading, the water heater shall be allowed to cycle until two successive readings are the same.

7.6 Safety Valve and Pressure and Temperature Safety Relief Valve 7.6.1 Safety Valve Performance (Pressure) 7.6.1.1 When the water temperature of the water heater is not less than 27 EC (80EF), the opening pressure of a safety valve, or the pressure element of a pressure and temperature safety relief valve, shall be within 90 to 105% of the working pressure.

7.6.1.2 The relieving pressure of the safety valve or safety relief valve section of the pressure and temperature safety relief valve shall not exceed the opening pressure by more than 10%.

7.6.1.3 The reseating pressure of the safety valve or safety relief valve section of the pressure and temperature safety relief valve shall be not less than 80% of the relieving pressure specified in Clause 7.6.1.2.

7.6.2 Pressure and Temperature Safety Relief Valve — Relieving and Reseating Temperatures 7.6.2.1 The temperature relief element of a pressure and temperature safety relief valve shall cause the valve to start to open within ± 5.5 EC (10EF) of the manufacturer’s specified relieving temperature, but in no case at a temperature exceeding 99 EC (210EF).

7.6.2.2 The temperature at which the temperature relief element of a pressure and temperature safety relief valve shall cause the valve to reseat shall be not more than 14 EC (25EF) lower than the manufacturer’s specified relieving temperature.

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7.7 Operating Control Performance This test shall be run in conjunction with the test specified in Clause 7.8.7 with the operating control set to the maximum limit. During this test, recycling of the burner shall be actuated by the functioning of the operating control. The temperature safety limit device shall not function.

7.8 Normal Operation Temperatures 7.8.1 Test Requirements 7.8.1.1 When the water heater is installed and operated as recommended by the manufacturer, the maximum temperatures of the following shall not exceed the allowable maximum temperature limits specified in CSA B140.0: (a) walls; (b) floors (this requirement does not apply to water heaters intended for placement on noncombustible floors); (c) overhead structures in the vicinity of the water heater; and (d) the materials and components of the equipment.

7.8.1.2 The installation clearances and the type of enclosure recommended by the manufacturer shall be such that the operator and the service personnel will be afforded sufficient and reasonable accessibility to all parts of the equipment requiring normal adjustment or maintenance.

7.8.1.3 For water heaters intended for installation with no (“zero”) clearance to the surrounding construction of the enclosure, the temperature limit specified in Clause 7.8.1.1 shall apply to the outer jacket (casing) of the water heater being tested.

7.8.1.4 For water heaters installed in alcoves or closets, or within similar confined enclosures, the room ambient temperature shall be considered to be that external to the enclosure proper.

7.8.1.5 The surface temperatures of all hardware, such as handles, knobs, levers, etc, with which a person may reasonably come in contact during normal operation and adjustment of the water heater shall not exceed the room ambient temperature by more than 35 EC (63EF), based on a nominal room ambient temperature of 25 EC (77EF).

7.8.2 General Requirements for Test Enclosures 7.8.2.1 The test enclosure in which the water heater is to be installed shall simulate the actual installation conditions anticipated for the type of water heater.

7.8.2.2 The panels forming the test enclosure shall be made from 19 mm actual (1 in nominal) thickness pine boards or 19 mm (3/4 in) plywood or the equivalent.

7.8.2.3 All joints in the panels and the enclosure shall be sealed with adhesive tape or the equivalent.

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7.8.2.4 The enclosure floor that is used where the water heater is intended for placement on combustible flooring shall consist of a layer of 19 mm (3/4 in) plywood or 19 mm actual (1 in nominal) pine board, covered by a layer of building paper, which is, in turn, covered by 19 mm (3/4 in) birch, oak, or equivalent hardwood flooring. The top surface shall have a clear-varnish finish.

7.8.2.5 All faces of the panels making up the test enclosure that are exposed to the water heater, the flue pipe, and similar hot surfaces of the equipment shall be finished in dull-black.

7.8.2.6 Studs and joists employed for test enclosures shall have natural (unfinished) exposed faces.

7.8.2.7 At the discretion of the testing authority, for the purpose of determining the temperature on the exposed ceiling surface above the water heater, a partial ceiling of unfinished pine shall be constructed inside the enclosure.

7.8.3 Standard Enclosure The standard enclosure shall consist of three right-angled wall panels, each panel measuring 2.4 × 2.4 m (8 × 8 ft). The enclosure for water heaters intended for placement on combustible floors shall include a floor panel.

7.8.4 Alcove-Type Enclosure 7.8.4.1 The enclosure for water heaters intended for alcove installation shall consist of three right-angled wall panels, a ceiling panel, and a floor panel.

7.8.4.2 The side panels shall extend forward a distance of 1.2 m (4 ft) from the front of the water heater.

7.8.5 Closet-Type Enclosure for Floor-Mounted Water Heaters 7.8.5.1 The enclosure for water heaters intended for closet installation shall consist of four right-angled wall panels, a ceiling panel, and a floor panel.

7.8.5.2 The front wall panel shall provide two openings into the enclosure space, for ventilation and combustion air, located so that the lower edge of the lower opening is 150 mm (6 in) above the enclosure floor, and the upper edge of the upper opening is 150 mm (6 in) below the enclosure ceiling. The size of each of the openings shall be as specified by the water heater manufacturer.

7.8.6 Test Procedures 7.8.6.1 The water heater shall be installed in the enclosure using the clearances recommended by the manufacturer. The clearance from the flue pipe to the enclosure panels shall be not less than 230 mm (9 in).

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7.8.6.2 A water heater shall be operated under the conditions specified for the heating capacity test in Clause 7.4, except that all temperature tests shall be carried out at maximum permissible smoke density corresponding to a (a) No. 1 Bacharach smoke-spot when fired with a grade of fuel that is No. 2 or lighter; and (b) No. 3 Bacharach smoke-spot when fired with a grade of fuel that is No. 4 or heavier.

7.8.6.3 All limit devices, including the operating control, shall be bypassed to permit continuous operation during the test.

7.8.6.4 Throughout the test the (a) outlet water shall be maintained at the temperature obtained when the limiting device functioned to prevent further rise in temperature (see Clause 7.5); (b) variation in fuel input shall not exceed ± 2%; and (c) burner firing conditions shall remain stable, as indicated by consistent chimney draft, smoke-density, and flue-gas temperature readings.

7.8.7 Recycling Test 7.8.7.1 After completion of the test outlined in Clauses 7.8.1 to 7.8.6, the limit devices shall be reconnected and the discharge rate shall be reduced to a point that will cause the burner to recycle.

7.8.7.2 The temperature limits specified in Clause 7.8.1.1 shall not be exceeded.

7.9 Hydrostatic Test 7.9.1 Test Requirements 7.9.1.1 This test shall be applied to all water heater tanks as required by Clause 4.1.3, except those that bear provincial registration markings in accordance with CSA B51 or markings indicating compliance with the applicable Section of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

7.9.1.2 The water tank shall withstand a hydrostatic test pressure of 2070 kPa (300 psi) or its rated hydrostatic test pressure, whichever is greater, for a period of 30 min without developing leakage or permanent deformation.

7.9.1.3 An increase of more than 0.2% of any circumference, or an increase in the deflection of the top head plus the deflection of the bottom head of more than 0.5% of the diameter of the tank, shall be considered a permanent deformation.

7.9.1.4 The maximum allowable working pressure shall be not more than 50% of the hydrostatic test pressure.

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7.9.2 Test Procedure 7.9.2.1 Pressure-relieving valves shall be removed from the tank and all openings closed.

7.9.2.2 The tank shall be filled with water at atmospheric pressure. Air packets shall be eliminated.

7.9.2.3 Before applying the hydrostatic pressure, the following measurements shall be taken: (a) The circumference shall be measured along the complete length at intervals not to exceed 300 mm (12 in). (b) The overall length from the crown of the bottom head to the crown of the top head shall be measured, or an extensometer shall be fitted with the movable spindle against the crown of the bottom and top heads, to determine the deflection of the heads.

7.9.2.4 The hydrostatic pressure shall be applied, without creating shock stresses, and maintained at the required test value for 30 min.

7.9.2.5 The hydrostatic pressure shall be reduced to atmospheric, and the measurements required by Clause 7.9.2.3 shall be repeated.

7.9.2.6 The deformation shall be determined from the measurements taken before and after the application of the hydrostatic pressure.

8 Tests: Abnormal Operation 8.1 General 8.1.1 When tested under the abnormal conditions specified in Clauses 8.2 to 8.7, the operation of the water heater shall not be hazardous to life or property.

8.1.2 The abnormal tests to be applied to a specific water heater shall be based on the abnormal operating conditions likely to occur for the type of water heater.

8.1.3 The test set-up and general procedures of Clause 7.2 shall apply when conducting the abnormal unit tests in Clauses 8.2 to 8.7.

8.2 Abnormal Chimney Draft 8.2.1 The ignition and operation of the water heater shall be safe and reliable under abnormal chimney draft conditions.

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8.2.2 For water heaters intended for residential installations, negative drafts from 5 to 20 Pa (0.02 to 0.08 in w.c.) shall be used. This is based on an anticipated normal negative chimney draft of 10 Pa (0.04 in w.c.).

8.2.3 For water heaters intended for commercial and industrial installations, the recommended draft value given in the manufacturer’s instructions shall be used in determining suitable abnormal draft values.

8.2.4 Under abnormal chimney draft conditions, only a momentary pulsation shall be permitted following ignition or shutdown.

8.3 Abnormal Voltage and Cold Fuel 8.3.1 Test Requirements 8.3.1.1 At 75 to 85% of rated line voltage, ignition, if it occurs, shall not be hazardous.

8.3.1.2 At 85 to 100% of rated line voltage, ignition shall occur and shall be safe and reliable.

8.3.1.3 Following ignition, the water heater shall continue to operate safely.

8.3.2 Test Procedure 8.3.2.1 Each water heater shall be operated as specified in Clause 7.2 except that the test voltage shall be as specified in Clauses 8.3.2.2 to 8.3.2.4 and the fuel oil and oil handling components shall be at a temperature of 2 ± 2 EC (36 ± 4EF).

8.3.2.2 When the conditions of Clause 8.3.2.1 have been established, the supply voltage shall be adjusted to 75% of the rated voltage and then gradually increased until the relay “pulls in” to establish ignition. On successive attempts, the ability to establish ignition without creating a hazard shall be demonstrated. After each try, the conditions of Clause 8.3.2.1 shall be re-established.

8.3.2.3 With conditions established as specified in Clause 8.3.2.1, the ability to establish ignition without creating a hazard shall be demonstrated on successive attempts both at rated line voltage and at 110% of rated line voltage.

8.3.2.4 After ignition has been established, the water heater shall continue to operate safely when the line voltage is reduced to the “pull-in” voltage established in Clause 8.3.2.2 and then increased to 110% of the rated voltage.

8.3.2.5 If the “pull-in” voltage is above 75% of the rated voltage, the voltage shall be reduced to 75% of the rated voltage and the water heater shall continue to operate safely or shall shut down.

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8.4 Power Failure Water heaters equipped with electrical features shall continue to operate safely in the event of power failure, or shall shut down in the event of power failure and operate safely on the resumption of power.

8.5 Flooded Pot Burnoff (Vaporizing Burners) 8.5.1 Water heaters equipped with vaporizing burners shall not create a hazard when the fuel in the burner pot is ignited after a flooded-pot condition has been established.

8.5.2 The equipment shall be installed in the appropriate test enclosure as described in Clause 7.8.

8.5.3 The flooded pot burnoff test shall be conducted as follows: (a) The oil in the burner pot shall be ignited after a flooded-pot condition has been established. (b) The metering valve shall be left open at the maximum setting. (c) All limit controls shall be operative. (d) The test shall be continued until normal operating conditions have been re-established.

8.5.4 As a result of the test in Clause 8.5.3, there shall be no (a) hazardous discharge of flame or products of combustion during the test; (b) creation of any phenomena that would lead to unsafe performance of the water heater; and (c) deleterious effects to the materials and components of the equipment (eg, the heat exchanger or the insulation) or to the adjacent combustible construction.

8.6 Burnoff (Atomizing Burners) 8.6.1 Heaters equipped with atomizing burners shall not create a hazard when the fuel in the combustion chamber is ignited after ignition failure.

8.6.2 With the igniting means disconnected, the water heater shall be operated until safety shutdown occurs.

8.6.3 The water heater shall then be allowed to stand for 1 h with the fuel accumulated during the operation specified in Clause 8.6.2 in the combustion chamber. During this time, there shall be no evidence of seepage of fuel from the combustion chamber. After 1 h, the igniting means shall be connected and ignition initiated.

8.6.4 As a result of the test in Clause 8.6.3, there shall be no (a) hazardous discharge of flame or products of combustion during the test; (b) creation of any phenomena that would lead to unsafe performance of the water heater; and (c) deleterious effects to the materials and components of the equipment (eg, the heat exchanger or the insulation) or to the adjacent combustible construction.

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8.7 Jacket (Casing) Temperature 8.7.1 Clauses 8.7.2 to 8.7.6 apply to service water heaters for combination heating and domestic hot water supply.

8.7.2 The insulation of the combustion chamber shall not break down and the temperatures of the jacket (casing) of the water heater shall not increase excessively when subjected to the test outlined in Clauses 8.7.3 to 8.7.6.

8.7.3 When the water heater is set at the manufacturer’s specified oil flow rate and water outlet temperature, continuous firing shall be achieved by setting the return water temperature differential or flow rate, or both, at the manufacturer’s specification.

8.7.4 The water heater shall be operated for a continuous period of 6 h.

8.7.5 The jacket (casing) temperatures shall be observed and recorded during this period.

8.7.6 Any part of the jacket (casing) exterior that shows evidence of increasing temperature after steady-state operating conditions have been reached shall be investigated.

9 Burner Tests 9.1 Vaporizing Burners 9.1.1 Vaporizing burners provided with water heaters shall meet the applicable requirements of CSA B140.1.

9.1.2 The tests shall include “Ignition”, “Seepage”, and all other applicable burner and component tests.

9.2 Atomizing and Wall-Flame Burners 9.2.1 Atomizing and wall-flame burners provided with water heaters shall meet the requirements of CAN/CSA-B140.2.1.

9.2.2 The tests shall include “Ignition”, “After-Drip”, “Pressure”, and all other applicable burner and component tests.

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10 Appliances for Heating Swimming Pool Water 10.1 General Appliances for heating swimming pool water shall comply with the requirements in Clauses 10.2 to 10.15 in addition to either the other requirements of this Standard or those of CSA B140.7.1.

10.2 Flue-Gas Passageways 10.2.1 For direct-fired appliances, the minimum flue-gas passageway cross-sectional area shall be 6450 mm2 (10 in2) with no dimension less than 45 mm (1-3/4 in). These dimensions shall be maintained around any restriction, such as a baffle, within the passageway.

10.2.2 Appliances having a flue-gas passageway cross-sectional area smaller than that specified in Clause 10.2.1 shall be subjected to 1000 h of operation on an actual swimming pool installation.

10.2.3 For direct-fired appliances where the flue-gas passageways are other than vertical, the field test specified in Clause 10.2.2 shall apply.

10.2.4 Flue-gas baffles, where used, shall be (a) removable within a distance no higher than 2 m (78 in) above the floor; (b) replaceable; and (c) of a design that will not accumulate a buildup of the products of combustion (eg, soot) that would adversely affect the operation of the appliance.

10.2.5 Space shall be provided in the flue-gas passages, such that any accumulation of scale, soot, or other products of combustion will not adversely affect the operation of the appliance.

10.3 Cleanout Provision shall be made for the convenient removal of any accumulation of the products of combustion in the appliance. Note: The removal of a burner is permitted for compliance with this clause.

10.4 Corrosion Protection 10.4.1 Surfaces that are intended to be exposed to swimming pool water shall be protected against corrosion resulting from contact with the swimming pool water and from corrosion resulting from the heating of the swimming pool water.

10.4.2 Galvanized parts, if used, shall be hot-dipped in accordance with ASTM A 123, and their coating shall be not less than 0.086 mm (0.0034 in) thick on average (610 g/m2 (2 oz/ft2)).

10.4.3 Ungalvanized containers in which swimming pool water is heated shall be equipped with anodic protection.

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10.4.4 Appliances supplied with consumable anticorrosive devices, such as magnesium anodes, shall have provision for the replacement of such devices without requiring the disconnection of the water piping or removal of the jacket (casing), other than an access plug or plate. There shall be a practical means of holding the water heater tank steady when two times the torque required to remove a newly installed anode or its fastener is applied to the anode or its fastener.

10.5 Pressure Drop The pressure drop in the swimming pool water passageways shall not exceed a gauge pressure of 35 kPa (5 psi) at a flow rate of 18 L/min (4 imperial gal/min (4.8 US gal/min)).

10.6 Controls 10.6.1 Provision shall be made for the connection of a low-water cutoff control on each appliance.

10.6.2 A low-water cutoff control shall be provided on a direct-fired appliance unless the water inlet and outlet connections are from the top of the vessel and provision is made to prevent siphoning.

10.6.3 A device that will shut off the burner when the flow of the swimming pool water through the water heater ceases shall be provided on a direct-fired appliance.

10.6.4 An operating control that senses the heated water temperature, in addition to the operating control provided for the swimming pool water, shall be provided on an indirect-fired appliance.

10.6.5 Means shall be provided for mounting the operating control and its sensing device, whether they are integrally or remotely mounted.

10.6.6 Each appliance shall be equipped with a safety limit control that will prevent the swimming pool water outlet temperature at the appliance from exceeding 60 EC (140EF).

10.7 Pool Heaters Intended for Operation at Atmospheric Pressure 10.7.1 Appliances in which the swimming pool water is limited to atmospheric pressure by means such as open standpipes shall be the subject of special investigation regarding such features as shutoff valves in the hot water outlets and the need for pressure-relief valves.

10.7.2 Swimming pool water heaters intended for operation at atmospheric pressure shall be provided with an open tank or standpipe that cannot be readily closed. The tank or standpipe shall be capable of containing the expanded volume of water when the water heater is operated from a cold start to the maximum temperature permitted by the safety limit control.

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10.8 Simulated Endurance Test Each appliance shall comply with the simulated endurance test of CSA B140.0, with an inlet water temperature of between 2 and 10 EC (35 and 50EF) at a flow rate that will provide a maximum temperature rise of 5.5 EC (10EF).

10.9 Minimum Thermal Operating Efficiency 10.9.1 The minimum thermal operating efficiency of the swimming pool water heater shall be 75% when tested in normal, still air and with the flow of water specified in Clause 10.8.

10.9.2 The heat input of the water heater shall be determined in accordance with CSA B140.0.

10.9.3 The heat output of the water heater shall be determined in accordance with CSA B140.7.1.

10.9.4 The minimum thermal operating efficiency shall be determined as

' where Eff = HO = HI =

minimum thermal operating efficiency, percentage heat output of the water heater as determined in accordance with CSA B140.7.1, kW (Btu/h) heat input of the water heater as determined in accordance with CSA B140.0, kW (Btu/h)

10.10 Outdoor Appliances 10.10.1 Adequate Protection from the Weather 10.10.1.1 All components that may be exposed to the weather shall be adequately protected.

10.10.1.2 Outdoor weatherproofing shall not reduce or limit the accessibility of the equipment for inspection, servicing, and cleaning.

10.10.2 Venting Systems 10.10.2.1 An appliance that requires a venting system and is not suitable for use with a conventional venting system shall be provided with an appropriate venting system as part of the appliance.

10.10.2.2 Venting systems that are a part of the appliance shall be provided with means for secure attachment to the appliance that will withstand wind and reasonable accidental impact without being guyed to other objects.

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10.10.2.3 An appliance that is intended for use without extension of the flue pipe shall be provided with a flue collar that will accommodate a flue pipe, and shall be tested with and without a flue pipe extension of a length terminating at least 3 m (10 ft) above the bottom of the appliance base.

10.10.3 Cabinet Components Cabinet compartments housing controls shall be adequately ventilated.

10.10.4 Inlet-Air Openings 10.10.4.1 All outside inlet-air openings shall be of such a size as to prevent the entrance of a 13.1 mm (33/64 in) diameter rod. Minimum dimension requirements for louvred openings shall be 9.5 mm (3/8 in) unless the maximum dimension of the opening is at least 12.7 mm (1/2 in), in which case the minimum dimension of the opening shall be not less than 6.4 mm (1/4 in).

10.10.4.2 The bottom of the combustion air openings shall be not less than 300 mm (12 in) above (a) the bottom of the cabinet; or (b) any other surface of the cabinet below these openings that could support an accumulation of debris.

10.10.5 Main Flame Observation Provision shall be made to permit satisfactory observation of the main flame under operating conditions. A panel may be removed to permit observation, provided that the combustion is not affected.

10.10.6 Doors 10.10.6.1 Compartment doors shall be constructed so that they will not be interchangeable when their interchange would interfere with combustion and proper operation of the appliance.

10.10.6.2 Any access door or panel shall be constructed so that, with the door or panel in place, water will not accumulate within the appliance.

10.10.6.3 Any access door or panel shall require the use of a tool to open.

10.10.7 Outer Surface Temperature The temperature at any point on the outer surface or guard, if applicable, within 1.5 m (5 ft) of the bottom of the base of an appliance intended for outdoor installation, shall not exceed 60 EC (140EF) as determined during the test specified in Clause 10.9.

10.11 Simulated Rain Test 10.11.1 General 10.11.1.1 When the outdoor swimming pool water heater is exposed to the test in Clause 10.11.2, the appliance shall function normally during and after the test.

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10.11.1.2 Water shall not enter the enclosure in such a way that it (a) is sufficient to interfere with normal operation; (b) will accumulate in any appreciable quantity; or (c) will drain through the means provided for any electrical connection.

10.11.1.3 After being tested in accordance with Clause 10.11.2, the swimming pool water heater shall be subjected immediately to the insulation resistance test in Clause 10.11.3 and then to the dielectric strength test in Clause 10.11.4.

10.11.2 Simulated Rain Test Procedure An artificial rain shall be applied (a) at an angle of approximately 45E to the vertical, to the top and sides of the appliance in the direction that will most likely cause water to enter the enclosures and fittings; and (b) for 1 h, at the rate of 3 mm/min (7 in/h). The rate of rainfall shall be determined by measuring the rise of water in a small straight-sided pan placed horizontally and completely within the area covered by the rain.

10.11.3 Insulation Resistance Test The insulation resistance between current-carrying parts and exposed non-current-carrying metal parts shall be not less than 50 000 S at the completion of a 1 min application of a 500 V dc test voltage.

10.11.4 Dielectric Strength Test The low potential circuit shall withstand the application of an ac potential between current-carrying parts and non-current-carrying metal parts that may be grounded for a period of 1 min without breakdown. For equipment having motors (a) 375 W (1/2 hp) and larger, with any rated voltage from 31 to 750 V, or having pre-heaters rated at more than 300 V, the ac potential shall be 1000 V plus twice the rated voltage; or (b) less than 375 W (1/2 hp), with any rated voltage from 31 to 300 V, or having pre-heaters rated at 300 V or less, the ac potential shall be 1000 V. For extra-low potential circuits and for motors operating at 30 V or less, the ac potential shall be 500 V. Devices such as cadmium cells that would be damaged by this test potential shall be disconnected.

10.12 Simulated Wind Test 10.12.1 General When the swimming pool water heater is exposed to the test in Clause 10.12.2 (a) the appliance burner shall ignite and operate in a reliable manner; and (b) only a momentary pulsation shall be allowed following ignition or shutdown.

10.12.2 Simulated Wind Test Procedure 10.12.2.1 The appliance shall be set up in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions to simulate an actual installation and at the distance from the nearest wall specified by the manufacturer as the minimum clearance.

10.12.2.2 A wind velocity shall be produced using a blower that is capable of developing a 64 kph (40 mph) wind. The wind shall be diverted across the combustion air inlet and the outlet of the flue vent simultaneously.

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10.12.2.3 The wind shall be directed first from one direction and then from one other direction that has been found to be the most critical. The wind shall be directed horizontally and at 15E upward and 15E downward from the horizontal.

10.12.2.4 The point of measurement of the wind velocities shall be taken 762 mm (30 in) from the (a) vertical centreline of the outlet of the flue vent at the level of the flue outlet; and (b) vertical centreline of the combustion air inlet at the level of the air inlet opening.

10.12.2.5 The appliance shall be subjected to wind velocities (a) fluctuating between 48 and 64 kph (30 and 40 mph); and (b) of 16 kph (10 mph) and of 32 kph (20 mph).

10.12.2.6 The duration of each cycle of air fluctuating between 48 and 64 kph (30 and 40 mph) shall be approximately 30 s. The test shall continue until combustion reaches equilibrium.

10.13 Marking 10.13.1 General An appliance shall be marked with a permanent, rustproof metal plate that is attached to a panel that is not normally removed for servicing. The panel shall be located so that it is readily visible after the appliance has been installed. The marking plate shall have the markings required by the applicable appliance standards as well as the following: (a) the statement “FOR SWIMMING POOL HEATING”; (b) the statement “MAY BE DIRECT-FIRED” or “NOT TO BE DIRECT-FIRED”, as applicable; (c) the statement “TO BE USED ON ATMOSPHERIC (OPEN) SYSTEMS ONLY”, or the equivalent, where applicable; (d) the statement “FOR OUTDOOR INSTALLATION ONLY” on an appliance designed for outdoor installation only; or (e) the statement “FOR INDOOR OR OUTDOOR INSTALLATION” on an appliance designed for either indoor or outdoor installation without changes.

10.13.2 Over-Fire Pressure An appliance shall bear a permanent marking indicating the flue or over-fire pressure (plus or minus) required.

10.14 Installation Instructions In addition to the requirements of applicable standards, the installation instructions shall include information on (a) the required base and supports (eg, solid, stable concrete base); (b) clearances to combustibles and combustible construction; (c) clearances to windows and the openings in inhabited structures; (d) clearances to property lines; (e) shelters to be used if other than an outdoor appliance; (f) venting on flue pipe rise, termination, restrictions, etc; (g) the piping layout (bypasses, etc) and sequencing of components in circuit (such as circulating pumps, filters, intake lines, precautions regarding installation elevations, etc); (h) precautions regarding atmospheric (open) systems, where applicable; (i) the type of piping that can be used (eg, plastic or corrosion protected);

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(j) the necessity to locate in an area where water will not accumulate; and (k) the type, purpose, sequencing, and location of all controls, including a low-water cutoff device, whether or not a low-water cutoff device is provided. Note: If the water heater does not require a low-water cutoff in accordance with Clause 10.6.2, such information is not required.

10.15 Operating, Service, and Maintenance Instructions The operating instructions and service manual shall be provided with each appliance. In addition to the requirements of applicable standards, the operating instructions and the service manual shall include the following: (a) instructions on purging regularly to remove sediment, etc; (b) the method of extending the flue pipe, where permissible; (c) the action(s) required to prevent freeze-up, including cautions regarding the consequences if the water heater ceases to be level as a result of frost heaving; (d) cautions regarding the consequences of freeze-up; (e) instructions on water supply or conditioning; and (f) precautions regarding the use of atmospheric (open) systems, where applicable.

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Table 1 Test Voltages (See Clause 7.2.2.) % Rated voltage Nominal

Rated

70

75

85

110

110 to 120

120

84

90

102

132

220 to 240

240

168

180

204

264

440 to 480

480

336

360

408

528

550 to 600

600

420

450

510

660

Note: For other nominal voltages, the rated voltage shall be the same as the nominal voltage.

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© Canadian Standards Association

DANGER WATER TEMPERATURE ABOVE 49∞C (120∞F) CAN CAUSE SEVERE BURNS INSTANTLY OR DEATH FROM SCALDS. CHILDREN, PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES, AND THE ELDERLY ARE AT THE HIGHEST RISK OF BEING SCALDED.

HOT

BURN

REFER TO INSTRUCTION MANUAL BEFORE SETTING OR ADJUSTING THE TEMPERATURE OF WATER HEATER. ANY SETTING OF THE WATER HEATER THERMOSTAT THAT IS ABOVE THE MARK THAT APPROXIMATES 49∞C (120∞F) MAY CAUSE ACCIDENTAL SCALDING, SEVERE BURNS, OR OTHER INJURIES. FEEL WATER BEFORE BATHING OR SHOWERING. TEMPERATURE LIMITING VALVES ARE AVAILABLE.

Figure 1 Safety Warning Label (See Clause 5.1.2.)

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P

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ISBN 1-55397-079-9