Bern, Burgerbibliothek, MS. 586

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king Gormund.37 РrоЬаЬlу this promise ,was not made in earnest and thе work, чrhich is а further indication of Geoffrey's interest in Brittany, is not known to hаче been undertaken. Instead, Geoffrey returned to the subject of Merlin and composed а Vita Merliпi iп hexameters.38 Тhе Vita Merliпl was, like the Prophetie Merlini before it, dedicated to an ecclesiastical patron, in this case Robert de Chesney, whо succeeded Alexander as bishop of Lincoln in 1148. Тhе rеаsоп for this episcopal dedication was рrоЬаЬlу thе subject-matter of Geoffrey's final чrоrk. ТЬе Historla, whiсh dealt almost entirely with secular history, was directed to secular patrons. Тhе Vita is а mоrе complex and difficult work; to а rich blend of Celtic legend and pseudo-history in the tradition of the Historia, it adds elements of Latin astronomical and philosophical learning whiсh suits it better to а patron чrith the leisure for intellectual pursuits.

II Тhе ManuscTipt: Веrп, Bиrgerbibliothek,

'Plures etiam Armoricam Britanniam nauigio mаgпо petierunt ita ut et NоrhаumЫiе, а conuentibus suis desolaretur. set hес alias rеfеrаm сum liыum de ecclesia duarum prouinciarum, Loegrie uidelicet

Ed. & transl. Parry, Тhе Vita Merlini; Faral, La Lёgепdе, III.305-52; Clarke, Lrf, ф Меrliп; see also Tatlock, 'Geoffrey of Monmoutb's Vita Merlini'. хх

2 12 [wants 7-12]

LAcUNA 8 2

8 8 8

8 ' 8 8 8 18

14S. 56В

This is а codex of lgВ leaves written in the late tчrelfth century and реrhарs comprising originally two (or three) separate manuscripts. It is now contained in an Early Modern binding, the size of the Mrhole being approximately 200 х 140 mm.. Тhе entire book comprises twenty-seyen quires чrhiсh may Ье described in three series. Тhе first series, of t-welve gatherings (qq.А-М), presents по original quiresignatures; indeed, the last verso of q. С (fo 16v) displays а catchword. тhе collation is as in Таые I.

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5

coNTENTS

4ч8*16

Letter of Henrу II. ;

А А

letter-collection containing Church-State controversy in thе third quarter of thе twelfth century

l

|r1-2r|8 Letter of thе Еmреrоr Frederick Barbarossa to Hiilin, аrсhЬishор of Trier. 'F, romanus imperator et semper augustus dilecto suo Н. uenerabili Treuerensi archiepiscopo gratie et dilecti[o]nis sue plenitudinem. 'Cum imperatoria dignitas et filiis Belial unanimiter prout Dominus dederit resistant.' Printed Ьу Goldast, Collectio, I.264-5, and (after him) Ьу Hontheim, Historia, I. 5S1-3.

1170.

'Н.

rех Anglie et dur. regi Anglie salutem.

'Sciatis quod

6

Ьу fPertz,]

2 2r|9-ч24

Letter of Hillin, archbishop of Trier, to Роре Hadrian IV (115а-9):

'Domino et patri А. summo et uniuersali pontifici Н. sancte Treuerensis ecclesie humilis minister subiectum in Domino famulatum et debitam in christo orationem.

'Ollam succensam quam Ieremias uidit . . . faciatis labruscam.' Printed Ьу [Pertz,] 'Mittheilun8en', рр. 426-8, from а Malmedy manuscript (at Аасhеп iп 1821/2) чrhiсh also contained items 1 and э.

3 2y254r30

Letter of Роре Hadrian IV to thе archbishops of Trier, Mainz, and Koln and their suffragans, A.D. 1158. Edited Ьу Jаffё [& Lowenfeld], Лegesta, |I.132-3 (Nr 10393); cf. also rеfеrепсеs given thеrе; thе text from the Malmedy manuscript (at Аасhеп iп |821/2) whiсh also contained items 1-2 чras printed Ьу [Pertz,]'Mittheilungen', рр. 428-34. 4 4r3l-ч7 Letter of Роре Alexander III to Roger, archbishop of York, and to all thе bishops of England, A.D. 1166. See Jаffё [& Loчrenfeld], Дegesta,II.197 (Nr |1257), and references given thеrе; printed Ьу Migne, Patrologia Latiпa, СС.406-7.

xxll

;:

Berger, Rесиеil, L r Introduction, р. 52S

'Mittheilungen', рр,4\8-26, from а Malmedy manuscript at Аасhеп iп 1821/2. Тhе two following letters in Bern 568 are also in thаt book.

Printed also

Th.

uoluntatem mеаm archiepiscopo Rotbc,: Edited Ьу RоЬеrtsо:

4у].7-5у27

Letter of Роре Аlех. Hugh, bishop of Du: See Jаffё [Ес Lбъ,еп:.

given thеrе; printed :

7 5у28-6у3| Letter of Роре Alexa

Exeter, Сhеstеr, Roc. See Jаffё [& Loв,en:. given there; printed :

В

Тhrее poems

8 7ral-vb8 'Quero Deum

теstе

erant nec erunt mihl

Printed Ьу Hagen. 'Epistula Fiscannen: Walther, Iпitia, р. -

9

811-24

Title (partly cut аý,; Post dubiam, а sec: Printed Ьу Hagen. ( Attributed to Pete: . cf. Laporte, 'Epi::_. 'W'alther, Iпitia, р,-

10 8r26-v4 (remaindc: Nec mаrе flиmiпt, э Printed Ьу Hagen, (

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Attributed to Peter of Blois Ьу Dronke, 'Peter', р.224 (no. 21); but cf, Laporte, 'Epistulr Fiscannenses', р. 5, n. 5. Walther, Iпitia, р,599 (Nr 11689).

с

Dbcipliпa clericalb

11 911-1 5ч1 3

An acephalous fragment of tbe Dbcipliпa clericalis Ьу Petrus Alfunsi, beginning 'leuius poterit' (ý2: edd. Hilka бс Soderhjelm [Helsingfors 1911], р.6, line 13). Тhе text finishes, very incomplete, in the middle of 15v (ýlа: ed. cit., р.20, line 12), with plenty of originally blank space following: in this it rеsеmЫеs some оthеr early copies of thе чrоrk. Cf. Pellegrin,'Essai', р. 25.

|7 83ч-120r (120v bla additions) Aelred of Rievaulx. 'Incipit prologus in . iuniorem Непriсum. 'Multis ueterum sTJ. 'Sunt et alia plurima liЫo scripta'.

Ed. Migne,

Рl:"с

Biblioth е са Ае lTe d i:,z. thrее сhарtеrs hаt е : thеrе has been по :;,

G \Works of Аrпulf

D Three additions 12

75у14-|7уа9 (|7va|0-1 1 Ыапk) Opening ruЫic (15v14): 'Baucis. Glicerium. Traso. Dauus. Вirriа'. Closing ruЫiс (l7va9):'Explicit opus memorie dignum'. Тhе unique сору of the twelfth-century comedy Baиcis et Traso (ed. Orlandi), arranged hеrе in two columns per раgе.

13

t7ya12-16 Fiче hexameters, found only in this codex: 'Cuius totus еrаm cuius mе счrа regebat . .'. ýИаlthеr, Iпitia, р. |76 (Nr 3526); printed Ьу Hagen, Саrmiпа, р.200 (Nr CXXIV).

|4 17yal7-M0

А British king-list, derivative of Geoffrey of Мопmоuth, entered in

an untidy fourteenth-century hапd.

Е

Geoffrey of Monmouth and appendices

15

18r-79ч

ТЬе НЫоriа Rеgum Вritаппiе of Geoffrey of Monmouth,

printed beloчr. 16

F Aelred of Rievaulx

18 121r-737:l70

Nineteen items of follows: ed. Barlo*, 22,15,18, 19, 2с, :

19 137ч10-14011 Letter of Роре Аlеха:

Ed. Giles,

Дтпц;,::

(по,22); Migne, Р,;-See Jаffё [& Loтr,en:

20 14011-163чб Eighteen items of follows: ed. Barloв43,39, 45, 46, 27. 3

,

21 163у7-|76у20

Тhе sermon-collect:

(*)

as

80r-83r Excerpts (concerning thе evangelisation of the Anglo-Saxons) from Bede, ,Flzirоriа Ecclesiastica Gentis Апglоrum, as follows: L|5, 23, 25, 26, 34; II.7, 2, Э, 5. Fоr discussion, see Dumville, 'An еаrlу text', р. 16.

xxlv

..:

163ч7-16-1r]

j

Iпtrоdчсtог, аrсhdеасоп

.:

of Ёчrеuх:

(Ь

i)

.

_i

'Sermonem h; Ed. Migne. Р.; 164123-165г.: 'Sеrmо habiT: Alexandro ра:

лхх ,Bded о.lрuвхэlу qпs sllЕшslэs э.lоdruэl IsчэчоJпJ оIIIэuоэ uT sпllqЕч ошJаS,

8lJs9rteJwl

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'Hodiernum sermonem Domini et patres mei mihi domini nostri qui presidet . . . adimpleat oportuno.' Ed. Migne, Patrologia Latina, CCI.153-4A; ed. Giles, рр.2-4 (line 20). 165119-171у20

New section marked only Ьу а large initial: it is not clear whеthеr Sеrmопеs I-II were being redivided or, rather,

simply run together. 'In omni itaque sermone Domini et patres mei karissimi . . retributionis inferre.' Ed. Migne, Patrologia Latiпa, CCI.154A-161; ed. Giles, рр. 4 (line 20) -1,6. This manuscript's text embodies at 168r15-20 thе variation reported Ьу Migne, CCI.157, n.56, from his MS. В.

.

(.)

171ч2|-t76у20

'Quis putas fidelis seruus et prudens quem

Dominus

Ed. Giles, рр. СХII, as'De ;r;

-:

'W'alther, (d)

:

Ed. Giles, pi cXIv).

\Walther, Iпitt.l.

(0

constituit

23

1

84r1 1-1 88v7

Verse attributed to Arnulf of Lisieux, anonymous in this manu-

Ed. Giles, p.3S

'ý?alther, (g)

'W'alther, Iпitt,i. (h)

1

8711 3-v1 0

Item ad

lasct;,

18411l-ч15

nasci'.

'W'alther, Iпit!,i.

CxvII).

De паtiиitаtе Dоmiпi:'Semper аЬ eterno nascens ех tempore (j)

184ч16-185r8

Ad Непriсиm Wiпtопiепsелп episcopum:'Quod реr multiplices Ed. Giles, р.35 (no.2); Hagen, Саrmiпа, рр. 189-90 (Nr CXI). 'ýИаlthеr, Iпitia, р. 850 (Nr 16292). 185r9-y23

De iпdиаtiопе uеrпаli: 'Quicquid hiemps dеfоrmе senecta'.

Xxv1

tanquam ueteri

|87у||-23 ЕрitарЬiиm т:. рuЫiса поmе: Ed. Giles, рг, CXVIII); Lo::: 'Walther, Iпi::-i.

_

dispensat gratia formas'.

(.)

.

tempore primo' Ed. Giles, р, -

Ed. Giles, рр.34-5 (по. 1); Hagen, Саrmiпа, рр. 188-9 (Nr СХ). Walther, Iпitia, р. 916 (Nr 17а8а).

(Ь)

Iпttt.i. |86y22-187r12 Iterrl. ad iииеllс, 'Occurrunt bla: Ed. Giles, рр.

CxvI).

script.

(r)

1,86у9-2| Versиs eiusde,r.

senescentis dоr_

seculorum аmеп.'

Patrologia Lаtiпа, CCI. i61-7; ed. Giles, |6-25 (no. 3). рр. 22 176у22 (line 21 Ыапk for rubric) - 184110 Seven items of thе correspondence of Arnulf of Lisieux, as folloчrs: ed. Barlow (his MS. С1), nos 2,3,37,53,47,52,51.

De аltеrпа

l

te,,:

reuoluta uiсisslг Ed. Giles, р. э'Walther, Initi.i. (.) 1 8611 8-v8 Item idem ,zd Роstиlапtеrп,. '\-

et delectentur in multitudine pacis prestante eodem domino .n.i.x. cui est hопоr et gratia in secula

Ed. Migne,

Initt,i.

85ч24-1 86r1

1

(k)

187ч24-188r1 S Quomodo p,i:,

triplici uicio

с:,

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(l)

(no. 10); Hagen, Саrmiпа, рр. 197-8

(Nr

\Valther, Iпitia, р. 870 (Nr 166а8).

Ерitарhiиm Matildb imperatricis: 'Regia progenies stirps regia cesaris uхоr'. Ed. Giles, р.41 (по. 1i); Hagen, Саrrпiпа, р. 198 (Nr СХХ). Cf. Lоhrmапп, 'Der Tod', р. 100. Walther, Iпitia, р,862 (Nr 1650а).

188v4-7

'Sic cruce tollo crucem moriens de morte

triumpho'

(continuous чrith thе previous роеm, in this manuscript). Ed. Giles, р.4| (no. 13); Hagen, Саrmiпа, р.10199 (N,

сххII).

\Walther, Iпitia, р.950

(Nr

168. See Jаffё

1S107).

[& LoB,en:,

'Epistule Fiscanner сс.464_6.

27 19|y|4-192r14

Letter of Роре Аlеха: 1|69. See Jаffё [Ес LoB,en:, 'Epistulr Fisсаппез

сс.579_80.

28 192rl5-|93rt7 Herueus to Anschili_ 'Venerabili et dilectc, sic christi сrчсеm Ьа

naufragio ualeat trапs 'Karissime, si tanta es dicere possum. Ed. Laporte, 'Epist;.

29 193rl8-y|3

н

Texts primarily connected with thе аЬЬеу of Fбсаmр (Normandy)

(line 19 Ыапk) Versus Laпdrici de Aпschitillo: 'Porrum portaui mопасhо quem semper amaui'.

24 188ч8-18

Ed. Hagen, Саrmiпа, р.|99 (Nr CXXIII); Laporte, 'Epismlz

Fiscannenses', рр. 6, 9, and 18. Cf. Manitius, Gescbichre, III.905. 'ý?'alther, Initia, р.738 (Nr 1а272), as 'Роrсum 25

1

1

188119-25

(m) 188r26-v3 'Regis mater erat et regibus orta Mathildis' (not marked, except Ьу а somewhat larger initial letter). Ed. Giles, р,41 (по. 12); Hagen, Саrrrliпа, р. 198 (Nr CXXI). 'ýИаlthеr, Iпitia, р.863 (Nr 1652S).

(")

26 l90r|6-|9|y12 (line Letter of Роре Alex:

1

portaui.

.',

88v20-1 90r1 5

Herueus to Anschitillus, Letter I.

'Uenerabili fratri et amico interiori Ansch. Herueus puer eius sanctitatis in.proposito sanctimonie lincem sequi, quae praedam sequens, resprcere lgnorat post tergum.

'Bone conuersationi tue, frater karissime . . . dicentibus credatur. Vale, iterum, et Dominus tесчm sit.' Ed. Laporte, 'Epistole Fiscannenses', рр.6-7, |1, 1,6-17, and 1

8_20.

xxvlll

Herueus to Anschitillus. 'А, uenerabili frаtri uenerandae sodalitati, 'Quod ad uos попdu Ed. Laporte, 'Epistu.

30 193v14-|94r|2 Herueus to Anschitii 'Desiderato et ami.-. seruus Н. indignu, : dies est uiriliter ореr. 'Amicorum amiciss::: Ed. Laporte, 'EpisT*. 31, |94rt2-y25

Herueus to Anschil:. 'Uenerabili fratri с: socius ас familiaris. in aduersis, et ubiqu:

xIxx

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'Frаtеr amande loci . . non dedigneris uel iterum. Viue mеmоr nostri, sum memor ессе tui.' Ed. Laporte, 'Epistule Fiscannenses', рр. 12 апd 24-5. 32 194ч26-|95у24

Letter of Gaufridus to Robeпus. 'Vепеrапdо fratri et amico speciali Roberto Gaufridus: ut semper uiuat sancte et iuste uiuere. 'Praesentis intuitus amici . . . amici scripta accepero.' Ed. Laporte, 'Epistulu Fiscannenses', рр. 7, 1,3-74, 77, апd 25-6.

зэ t95ч25-196ч8 Letter of Henri de Sully (abbot of Fёсаmр, 1140-89), ?A.D. 1157. 'Omnibus sanctae ecclesiae fidelibus et filiis frater Н., Dei gratia abbas, totusque conuentus Fiscannensis ecclesiae salutem et pacem, et orationes assiduas. 'Bene nostis, fratres karissimi, uenerabilem Henricum re8em Anglorum . . . oЫineant beatitudinem. Valete.' Ed. Lароrtе,'Epistula Fiscannenses', рр. 7, 14-15 апd 26-7, 34 196y9-197r20

Letter of R., prior of Norwich Cathedral, to Abbot Henri of

Fёсаmр.

'Reuerentissimo domno et patri Henrico Dei gratia abbati, R. humilis prior Norwicensis eiusdem loci conuentus salutem et debite paternitatis reuerentiam. 'Cum а beate memorie predecessoribus nostris . . . а nobis rесiреrе. valeat sanctitas uestra', Ed. Laporte,'Epistuir Fiscannenses', рр. 7, 1,5, |7, апd 27-8,

35 |97r2|-y1^2 Letter of Роре Hadrian IV to Hugo, archbishop of Rouen, concerning Fёсаmр АЬЬеу, A.D. 1156. Not in Jаffб [Ес Lowenfeld], Regesta, Ed. Laporte, 'Epistulu Fiscannenses', рр. 7, |4-|6, |7, 28-9. Зб |97y|3-198v (end of text lost as manuscript Ыeaks off) Letter to an abbot of Fёсаmр (from а prior of Coggs) concerning thе monastery's possessions in England, 'Nullum inter onera grauius onus quam in uia longa portare nichil. Hinc est quod dum apud Coggas ferre. . . .' Ed. Laporte,'Epistulc Fiscannenses', рр. 15-16, |7, апd29-31,

J

Flyleaves

37 |99_200

Part of а single lear _ flyleaf-bifolium. Its ; аrеа to thе south ol i Cf, Laporte, 'Episti_ Ьу Orlandi, 'Baucis .

:

DEсORATIONiRUBRIC

1.,

Тhе codex displays а .. none; fos 1-2 аrе in section of the book has : lext (Discipliпa Clertc.,. ornament on fos 11r,-1: green and red and bl; dominates in one iniTi:_Baиcis et Traso, which с red initial; the openin: : in red. In thе text of Gec.:: 18r-83r), thе type oi i:. -.

generally the same as i:l often rather mоrе elabo: hаче Ьееп decorated. Ь (including all of q, Н. t initials may sometimes : which have реrhарs rпu: quire (q. М) of this tе:.: not exclusively, simpl.,: tendency manifests itsc. top lines and of desce:.:

In the сору of Aei: 83ч-120r we meet е\:; elaborate initials for employed. ТЬе capitu |-; rеd-Ыuе sequence. Тhс 99v-120r) been соlоurе.

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marked Ьу ап independent series of quireТhе next major section signatures and therefore рrеsчmаЫу an originally independent volume contains t,wo letter-collections, principally that of Arnulf of Lisieux -(on fos 121r-784r). Тhе ruЫics are in an orange-red ink. Тhе text sports а yery elaborate opening initial (12113) in grееп, Ыuе, and оrапgе. Оthеrчrisе it displays simple but fairly large initials which alternate between red and grееп, but чrith an occasional Ыuе interloper. А few mоrе elaborate initials, employing Ыче, аrе found (for example at 13011 and t3tr8;. Frоm q. V (fos 153-160) very simple initials hаче been used, in an orange/green alternating sequence. Minor initials hаче been coloured on fos t7'l,y-172r. А face is found in an initial at |7|у2О. А slightly greater degree of elaboration becomes apparent in the red and green initials from fo176y to the end of thе Arnulfian collection. In the largely Arnulfian verse чrhiсh occupies fos 184r-188v оrапgе and green initials alternate at line-beginnings, but on fos 185r-187r this sequence is interrupted Ьу а mоrе elaborate Ыuе/rеdlgrееп/rеdlЫuе repeating sequence. Тhе poems are introduced Ьу red-ink ruЫics (but thе ruЫic Epitapbium Matildb imperatricis, fo 188119, effectively conceals three quite separate poems). Тhе Fбсаmр letter-collection чrhiсh occupies fos 188v*198v displays the usual initials until fo|92r, as far (that is) as thе end of thе quire on чrhiсh thе preceding verse-texts had been written. But thе remaining quire (q. Х), where the letters give every impression of constituting а disorderly and rаthеr occasionally augmented series, comprises sheets of parchment of radically deteriorating quality: these Ьеаr no ornament, save fоr one small Ыасk penwork initial atfo197y1r3,

ТНЕ PARCHMENT

Тhе quality of the раrсhmепt varies сопsidеrаЫу througbout the codex. Тhе best materials in this codex are those used for the manuscripts containing the works of Aelred and Arnulf. Тhеrе is а

small original hоlе in fo 93, but generally the раrсhmепt of these parts of the book is free from such faults. However, q. VIII (fos 177-184) is а marked Ьу а sharp deterioration in thе quality of the раrсhmепt decline which becomes precipitous in q. Х (fos 193-198). In general, the qualiry of thе leaves bearing Geoffrey's Historia is, while adequate, поtiсеаЫу inferior to that of thе following hundred

folios. In particular, а gc example in fos 25, 28, 3S Тhе poorest qualitr, о: the first eight folios (espe 177-198), especiall1. q. l certainly suffered bv ..iп outside leaf Ьу thе s:: ownership-inscriptions r; originally also hаче Ьееп quire (which has been г: Моdеrп binding, Ьу а su соmраrаЫу poor qq. А-J less the same time and ur

тнЕ ýrRITTEN AREA

Тhе measurements displ structure of thе codex

,

sections is that containin 83v-120r). It is чrоrth rеп section to Ье rаthеr differ differences чrhiсh distiг immediate predecessors (lack of) decoration and apparently disorderly pr letter-collection on fos changing arrangements о] the script and thе deterio Тhе principal question ship of qq.A, В, and С п to qq.D-M. Тhе чrrittеп thап that of qq.D-M: th: thе оthеr hand, the пчг constant thrоughочt. Тhс q. С onтrards, but varies Ьеtчrееп qq.B and С ьеtчrееп thеm. Тhе lack с similarity in that respect for recognition of their di

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