The Masorah of the Former Prophets in the Leningrad Codex (Vol. 5: 1 Kings) 9781463206031, 1463206038

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The Masorah of the Former Prophets in the Leningrad Codex

Texts and Studies

14 Series Editor H. A. G. Houghton

Editorial Board Jeff W. Childers Viktor Golinets Christina M. Kreinecker Alison G. Salvesen Peter J. Williams

Texts and Studies is a series of monographs devoted to the study of Biblical and Patristic texts. Maintaining the highest scholarly standards, the series includes critical editions, studies of primary sources, and analyses of textual traditions.

The Masorah of the Former Prophets in the Leningrad Codex

Volume 5 1 Kings

5 of 6 David Marcus

gp 2021

Gorgias Press LLC, 954 River Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA www.gorgiaspress.com Copyright © 2021 by Gorgias Press LLC

All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise without the prior written permission of Gorgias Press LLC.

‫ܚ‬

1

2021

ISBN 978-1-4632-0603-1

ISSN 1935-6927

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A Cataloging-in-Publication Record is available from the Library of Congress. Printed in the United States of America

TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ............................................................................................................ v Abbreviations.................................................................................................................. vii Preface .............................................................................................................................. ix How the Corpus is Arranged ........................................................................................ xi Textual notes concerning the Mp...................................................................... xvi Textual notes concerning the Mm .................................................................. xviii 1 Kings ............................................................................................................................... 1

v

ABBREVIATIONS absol adj cj consec cstr def etc fem fol gen imper impf indef infin interrog lit masc M

MA MC ML Mf Mm Mp ms(s) n neg perf pers pl prep pron ptcp rel sfx(s) sg v(v)

absolute adjective conjunction consecutive construct definite et cetra “and others” feminine folio genitive imperative imperfect indefinite infinitive interrogative literally masculine The Accepted Masoretic text

vii

Aleppo Codex Cairo Codex Leningrad Codex Masorah finalis Masorah magna Masorah parva manuscript(s) note negative perfect person plural preposition pronoun participle relative suffix(es) singular verse(s)

PREFACE This volume is the fifth of a projected six-volume set on the Masorah of the Former Prophets in the Leningrad Codex. It transcribes, translates and annotates every masoretic note in the Leningrad Codex that accompanies the text of 1 Kings. This corpus of notes is preceded by a chapter, originally published in the volume on Joshua, detailing how the entries are arranged. Other introductory material, such as essays on the transmission of the masorah of Leningrad, on its relationship with other masorahs, and on the reason for the masoretic notes, may be found in the Introduction to the Joshua volume.

ix

HOW THE CORPUS IS ARRANGED This corpus transcribes, translates and annotates every masoretic note in the Leningrad Codex that accompanies the text of the six books of the Former Prophets (Joshua, Judges, 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel, 1 Kings, and 2 Kings). The following sample entry of the lemma ‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫( וַ יְ ִב‬Judg 1:7) will serve to illustrate how the corpus is arranged. First we present the entry as it occurs in the corpus, and then describe each section of this entry in more detail. Judges 1:7 ‫ים ַ ֣תּ ַחת ֻשׁ ְל ָח ֔ ִני‬ ֙ ‫יהם ְמ ֻק ָצּ ִ֗צים ָהי֤ וּ ְמ ַל ְקּ ִט‬ ֶ֜ ‫יהם וְ ַרגְ ֵל‬ ֶ֨ ‫ֹנוֹת יְ ֵד‬ ֩ ‫י־בזֶ ק ִשׁ ְב ִ ֣ﬠים ְמ ָל ִ֡כים ְ ֽבּה‬ ֶ֗ ִ‫אמר ֲא ֽד ֹנ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ ‫רוּשׁ ַל֖� וַ יָּ ָ֥מת ָ ֽשׁם׃ פ‬ ָ ְ‫יאהוּ י‬ ֥ ֻ ‫�הים וַ יְ ִב‬ ֑ ִ ‫ם־לי ֱא‬ ֖ ִ ‫יתי ֵ ֥כּן ִשׁ ַלּ‬ ִ ‫שׁר ָﬠ ִ֔שׂ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ַכּ ֲא‬ 1:7

‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫וַ יְ ִב‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 Judg 1:7; 1 Sam 5:1 (‫ ;)וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ‬2 Kgs 23:30 (‫ ;)וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ‬Jer 26:23 (‫ ;)וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ‬Ezek 19:4 (‫)וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ‬

6–7 Ezek 19:9 (‫ ;)וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ‬2 Chr 22:9 (‫)וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ‬ —————————— ‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫ וַ יְ ִב‬seven times

1–5 Judg 1:7

1 Sam 5:1

Ezek 19:9 {Ezek 19:8} 2 Kgs 23:30

6–7 2 Chr 22:9 Jer 26:23

̇‫)ויבאהו( ]ויביאהו[ ז‬ ‫אדני בזק‬ ‫ופלשתים‬ ‫בסוגר‬ {‫}ממדינות‬ ‫וירכבהו‬ ‫אחזיהו‬ ‫אוריהו‬

xi

Mm

xii

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma, written plene and defective second ‫וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ( י‬/‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫)וַ יְ ִב‬, in the pl., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (13x), written plene and defective second ‫י‬, in the sg. (‫וַ יְ ִב ֵאהוּ‬/‫יאהוּ‬ ֵ ‫ ;)וַ יְ ִב‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §1K.

All the highlighted Mp notes read seven times except for the one at 1 Sam 5:1, which reads six times defective (second ‫ )י‬because it does not include the form here at Judg 1:7 that is written plene second ‫יאהוּ( י‬ ֻ ‫)וַ יְ ִב‬. In the Mm, in place of a catchword for the Ezek 19:4 reference, a catchword ‫ ִמ ְמּ ִדינוֹת‬from Ezek 19:8 has mistakenly been written.

Depending on what is in the ms., each entry may consist of the following: (1) its lemma (2) a Masorah parva (Mp) note; (3) references for the Mp note; (4) a Masorah magna (Mm) note; (5) catchwords and references for the Mm note; (6) a commentary; and (7) textual notes. 1. The lemma. The lemma entry consists of the chapter and verse number (here, 1:7) of the respective book and the form of the word or words (= the lemma) as it appears in the text of ML. Judg 1:7

‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫וַ יְ ִב‬

The verse numbers correspond to the standard enumeration of the various chapters as presented in the editions of BHS or BHL. 1 The lemma is always presented with its vowels, as it is written in the text of ML and, where germane for the understanding of a note, the lemma is provided with accentuation. 2

2. The Masorah parva (Mp) note. The Masorah parva note consists of three elements. Firstly, on the right hand side is an indication that the note is a Masorah parva (Mp) one, and not a Masorah magna note (Mm). Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

Secondly, this Mp indication is followed by the masoretic note as it appears in the ms. (here ̇‫)ז‬. Thirdly, in the left hand margin is the translation of the note (here “seven times”).

3. The references for the Mp note. The references for the Mp note are arranged chronologically according to the order of the traditional canonical books (e.g., To-

Occasionally the verse numbers will vary in different printed editions. For example, at Joshua 21 the enumeration in BHS includes two verses (36 and 37), which are not in the editions of Mikraʾot Gedolot ‘Haketer’ or Breuer, Torah Neviim Ketuvim. 2 Especially in cases where the note is concerned with words accented milʿêl (on the penultimate) or milraʿ (the ultimate). 1

HOW THE CORPUS IS ARRANGED

xiii

rah, Prophets, and Writings). The main difference between this traditional order and that of ML is in the order of the Writings. The traditional order lists Psalms, Proverbs, Job, etc. with Chronicles at the end, whereas the Codex places Job before Proverbs, and Chronicles before Psalms. 1–5 Judg 1:7; 1 Sam 5:1 (‫ ;)וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ‬2 Kgs 23:30 (‫ ;) ַויְבִ ֻאהוּ‬Jer 26:23 (‫;) ַויְבִ אֻהוּ‬ Ezek 19:4 (‫) ַויְבִ אֻהוּ‬ 6–7 Ezek 19:9 (‫ ;)וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ‬2 Chr 22:9 (‫)וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ‬

Where the lemma has Mp notes elsewhere in the ms, those references are indicated in bold type. In the above example, in addition to Judg 1:7, the references that are indicated in bold type are 1 Sam 5:1; Jer 26:23; Ezek 19:4 and 19:9, and all these have Mp notes at their respective occurrences in ML. Unless it is so indicated in the commentary, it can be assumed that the notes at these occurrences are exactly the same as the note in the lemma under discussion. In this case, all the highlighted Mp notes read “seven times” except that at 1 Sam 5:1, which reads “six times defective.” The difference between the note headings is explained in the commentary. Where the form of the lemma varies in the other references, the vocalization of those other references is given in parentheses. Here the vocalization of all the forms other than that at Judg 1:7 differs, so the vocalization of these forms is given in parentheses following their specific references. It will be seen that all forms, other than the lemma at Judg 1:7, which reads ‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫( וַ יְ ִב‬plene second ‫)י‬, are vocalized as ‫וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ‬ (defective second ‫)י‬. Where a Mp also has a Mm note, that fact is indicated by underlining. In the above example, the only Mp that has a Mm note is the one at Judg 1:7 and so that reference is indicated both by bold type (because it has a Mp note), and by underlining (because it has a Mm note). For clarity of reading the references are bunched in groups of five, and preceded by Arabic numerals (1–5). 4. The Masorah magna (Mm) note. The lemma heading is always introduced by the siglum Mm on the right hand side to indicate that the note is a Masorah magna note (Mm) rather than a Masorah parva note (Mp): ‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫ וַ יְ ִב‬seven times

̇‫)ויבאהו( ]ויביאהו[ ז‬

Mm

The Mm heading is reproduced exactly as it is written in the ms. Where a lemma heading differs from the text of ML lemma that heading is placed in parentheses and is followed by the text of the ms. in square brackets. 3 In this example from Judg 7:1 This method will allow future researchers to investigate whether or not the text of the Masorah represents a different source. Examples of possible preservations of alternate textual readings in a Masorah note are (1) at Judg 9:6 (‫)אלוֹן‬ ֵ in the catchwords given for 1 3

xiv

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

the lemma ‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫( וַ יְ ִב‬plene second ‫ )י‬is written in the Mm heading as ‫( ויבאהו‬defective second ‫)י‬. Since the lemma heading differs from the text of ML, which is ‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫וַ יְ ִב‬, the heading is placed in parentheses (‫)ויבאהו‬, and the form that occurs in the text of ML is placed immediately afterwards in square brackets [‫]ויביאהו‬. The Mm form is presented unpointed since all Hebrew words in the Mm are unpointed. Only in exceptional cases are vowels or accents given in the Mm. 4 The lemma heading is immediately followed by the masoretic note as it appears in the ms. (here ̇‫)ז‬. On the left hand side the lemma, that is given in the Mm unvocalized (‫)ויביאהו‬, is vocalized (‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫ )וַ יְ ִב‬together with a translation of the note (“seven times”). 3F

5. The catchwords and references for the Mm note. The Mm gives the references to the biblical verses by means of sîmanîm or catchwords. These catchwords represent one or more words from the verse that is being referred to. There is no fixed formula for the selection of catchwords from a verse although there is a tendency for catchwords to be either at the beginning of a verse or close to the lemma that is in the verse.5 When Mm notes are repeated, catchwords from different parts of a verse are often used. 6 The Mm catchwords and their references are both lined up vertically so that one can immediately match the catchwords with their appropriate verse listed in the same horizontal line.

Sam 10:3, where the form ‫ והלכת‬is written instead of ‫ ;)וְ ָח ַל ְפ ָתּ( וחלפת‬see BHK ad loc.; (2) at 1 Kgs 11:2 (‫)א ֵכן‬ ָ in the catchwords given for Ps 31:23, where the form ‫( נגזרתי‬cf. Lam 3:54) is written instead of ‫ )נִ גְ ַרזְ ִתּי( נגרזתי‬that occurs in M. In his Massorah Gedolah, Weil changes all these differences to the reading of ML by means of asterisks so there there is no way that a reader can tell what was in the orginal note. On this point, see also Loewinger, “Review,” 603–04. 4 For example at Josh 18:13 (‫כבד‬ ֵ ‫)וענן‬, 22:3 (‫)מצוַ ת‬, 1 Sam 16:1 (‫)ולך‬, ֶ 23:11 (‫)עבדך‬, ֶ 1 Kgs 13:2 (‫)נוֹלד‬, ָ 22:34 ( ֛‫)הפך ידך‬, ֥ 2 Kgs 8:5 (‫)הוא מספר למלך‬, ֥ and 14:13 ( ‫֩ואת אמצי֨ הו מלך‬ ‫)יהודה‬. ֜ 5 In our study of doublet catchwords we found that these catchwords tend to be contiguous, and either follow or precede the doublet they illustrate; see Marcus, “Doublet Catchwords,” §6. 6 See for example the different catchwords in the two Mm notes at Judg 5:30 (‫)ר ַחם‬, ַ at 2 Sam 15:27 (‫רוֹאה‬ ֶ ‫;)ה‬ ֲ etc.

HOW THE CORPUS IS ARRANGED The References 1–5 Judg 1:7 1 Sam 5:1

Ezek 19:9 {Ezek 19:8} 2 Kgs 23:30 6–7 2 Chr 22:9 Jer 26:23

xv

The Catchwords ‫אדני בזק‬ ‫ופלשתים‬ ‫בסוגר‬ {‫}ממדינות‬ ‫וירכבהו‬ ‫אחזיהו‬ ‫אוריהו‬

The catchwords generally conform to the way the catchwords appear in their appropriate passages in ML. However, occasionally catchwords are written incorrectly, abbreviated, or omitted altogether, and sometimes extraneous words appear which do not belong to the context. Where the catchwords differ from the text of ML or are written in an abbreviated fashion, the form found in the Masorah is placed in parentheses and the form that appears in the text of ML follows in square brackets. Where a catchword has been omitted from the list the reference is included in angle brackets. In the example above no catchword has been included in the Mm list for Ezek 19:4 so the reference is supplied in angle brackets (). Where extraneous material appears in a reference this extraneous material is highlighted in situ by means of curly brackets or braces {...}. Thus in the example above, the catchword ‫ ִמ ְמּ ִדינוֹת‬from Ezek 19:8, which has mistakenly been written in this Mm note is placed in curly brackets. This work always replicates the catchwords in the order in which they appear in the masoretic note. It will be noticed in this example that the references are not in the standard chronological biblical order. Here the references for both sets of catchwords from Ezekiel have been placed before the catchwords for 2 Kgs 23:30, and the catchword for 2 Chr 22:9 has been placed before that of Jer 26:23. All references that have Mm entries are indicated by being underlined. In the above example the only reference that is underlined is the one at Judg 1:7 but it is not uncommon, as will be seen throughout the work, for numerous references to have Mm notes.

6. The commentary. The commentary, which is always introduced by the designation Com.: in the left hand margin, offers a possible explanation for the note, indicates any problems with the note, or may simply refer the reader to the first time that this note was encountered. The commentary will usually observe that occurrences of the lemma are to be distinguished from occurrences of another similar or contrasting form. If the number of those other occurrences are two or just one, the actual biblical references are indicated. But when the number of the other occurrences are three or more, then the biblical references are not given, only an indication of the number of such occurrences in Arabic numerals followed by an x. (e.g., 6x = six times). Very large numbers in the hundreds are simply indicated by 100+ or 200+ etc.

xvi

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma, written plene and defective second ‫וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ( י‬/‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫)וַ יְ ִב‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (13x), written plene and defective second ‫י‬, in the sg. (‫וַ יְ ִב ֵאהוּ‬/‫יאהוּ‬ ֵ ‫ ;)וַ יְ ִב‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §1K.

All the highlighted Mp notes read seven times except for the one at 1 Sam 5:1, which reads six times defective (second ‫ )י‬because it does not include the form here at Judg 1:7 that is written plene second ‫)ויַ ְביִ ֻאהוּ( י‬. In the Mm, in place of a catchword for the Ezek 19:4 reference, a catchword ‫ ִמ ְמּ ִדינוֹת‬from Ezek 19:8 has mistakenly been written.

In the above example from Judg 1:7, the Masorah notes the seven occurrences of the lemma ‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫ וַ יְ ִב‬in the plural with a masc. sfx., written plene and defective second ‫וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ( י‬/‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫)וַ יְ ִב‬, to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (13x) of this lemma, written plene and defective second ‫י‬, in the sg. with masc. sfx. (‫וַ יְ ִב ֵאהוּ‬/‫יאהוּ‬ ֵ ‫)וַ יְ ִב‬. The thirteen occurrences are not given because they are readily available in standard printed concordances or electronic search programs. The commentary is the place where divergent Mp headings are noted. In the above example, the Mp heading at 1 Sam 5:1 reads “six times defective,” whereas all the other Mp notes highlighted in the note read “seven times.” The commentary observes that the 1 Sam 5:1 heading can be explained because that heading “six times defective” is only taking into account forms of this lemma that occurs written defective second ‫ )וַ יְ ִב ֻאהוּ( י‬and not taking into account the form that occurs at Judg 1:7, which is written plene second ‫יאהוּ( י‬ ֻ ‫)וַ יְ ִב‬. However, all the other headings, including the one at Judg 1:7, that read “seven times” are taking into account forms that are written both defective and plene second ‫וַ יְ ִב ֵאהוּ( י‬/‫יאהוּ‬ ֵ ‫)וַ יְ ִב‬. The commentary is also the place where any problem with the catchwords or references are noted. Thus in the above example, a note is made about the fact that in place of the proper catchword for the Ezek 19:4 reference, a catchword ‫ִמ ְמּ ִדינוֹת‬ from Ezek 19:8 has mistakenly been written.

7. Textual notes. The textual notes appearing after the commentary section deal with matters pertaining to the text of the manuscript as far as the masoretic notes are concerned. Thus they deal with the circelli, the small circles that are on top of a word or phrase, and comment on their absence or misplacement particularly whether a lemma needs to be shortened or lengthened. These notes also deal with the placement of the Mm notes if they do not occur on the same folio as the text of the lemma, and notes whether they occur on the preceding or following folio.

TEXTUAL NOTES CONCERNING THE MP

The types of notes given in these textual notes concerning the Mp are indicated below. • Circellus but no note. These are cases where a lemma has a circellus placed over the word or phrase, but there is no corresponding note; see at Judg 6:12 (‫ )וַ יֵּ ָרא‬and 1 Kgs 8:26 (‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫)וְ ַﬠ ָתּה ֱא‬. In all these cases the correct note can be correctly surmised.

HOW THE CORPUS IS ARRANGED •

•

• •

•

•

•

•

xvii

Note but no circellus. These are cases where a lemma has a note, but there is no circellus placed over the accompanying word or phrase; see at Josh 10:26 (‫יתם‬ ֵ ‫ )וַ יְ ִמ‬and 1 Sam 2:4 (‫)אזְ רוּ ָחיִ ל‬. ָ This feature is common in kəṯîḇ/qərê cases, and in many cumulative notes (see at 2 Sam 13:37, ‫ ַﬠ ִמּיחוּר‬and 2 Kgs 6:11, ‫)ﬠל‬. ַ One circellus but two notes. These are cases where only one circellus has been placed on a lemma, but two notes are given. This occurs most frequently with kəṯîḇ/qərê notes (see at 2 Sam 22:15 (‫ )וַ יָּ הֹמם‬and 1 Kgs 22:13 (�‫)ד ָב ְרי‬, ְ and many times in these cases one note is placed on the left side of the column and the second Mp note is placed on the right side. Two circelli on one word. These are cases where two circelli have been placed on a lemma but only one note is given; see at Josh 2:3 (‫יאי‬ ִ ‫)הוֹצ‬ ִ and Judg 11:25 (‫)נִ ְלחֹם‬. Circellus placed on first word in verse. This feature is particularly common with cumulative or collative type notes such as sequences of prepositions (‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ) ֶאל‬or (‫ ָשׁ ָמּה‬...‫) ָשׁם‬. In these cases the circellus is placed not on ‫ֶאל‬ or ‫שׁם‬, ָ but on the first word in the verse in which these sequences occur; see 1 Sam 15:1 (‫)אל‬ ֶ and 2 Kgs 4:10 (‫)שׁם‬. ָ Only two circelli given for large phrases. With four- five- or six-word phrases it is not unusual for only two circelli to be given. For example, on the phrase ‫ֲא ֶשׁר־‬ ‫( נִ ְשׁ ַבּ ְﬠ ִתּי ַלאֲבוֹתָ ם לָתֵ ת לָהֶ ם‬Josh 1:6) there are only two circelli: one on ‫ֲא ֶשׁר‬ ‫ נִ ְשׁ ַבּ ְﬠ ִתּי‬and one on ‫בוֹתם ָל ֵתת‬ ָ ‫ ַ;ל ֲא‬see also at Judg 1:17 (‫ם־ה ִﬠיר‬ ָ ‫ת־שׁ‬ ֵ ‫)וַ יִּ ְק ָרא ֶא‬ and 1 Kgs 17:14 (‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫) ִכּי כֹה ָא ַמר יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬, and passim. Misplaced circellus. Occasionally the circellus has been misplaced in the manuscript. Instead of being on the lemma appropriate to the accompanying note, it has been placed on the preceding or following word. For example, at Judg 17:1 the circellus has mistakenly been placed on the word ‫וּשׁמוֹ‬, ְ but it belongs on the following word ‫יכיְ הוּ‬ ָ ‫מ‬. ִ On the other hand, at Judg 19:22, the circellus has been placed on the word ‫יבים‬ ִ ‫ ֵמי ִט‬instead of on the preceding one ‫ ֵה ָמּה‬. Notes on the wrong side of the column. Normally the Mp note is placed either in the left or right side of the column directly adjacent to its text. However, occasionally the note is placed in the wrong margin. Thus at 2 Sam 12:12, the note for ‫ נֶ גֶ ד ָכּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬has mistakenly been placed in the left column instead of the right column and, similarly, the note for ‫ וְ נֶ גֶ ד‬has mistakenly been placed in the right column instead of in the left one. Lemma needs to be extended. Occasionally, as is clear from parallel occurrences in ML or from other mss., a lemma needs to be extended because it does not meet the requirements of the note. At Josh 1:14 there is a circellus on the word ‫ה ַחיִ ל‬,ַ and a note that states “five times with a paṯaḥ.” But the form ‫ ַה ַחיִ ל‬occurs fourteen times, so it is most likely, as is correctly indicated in MA and in the Mp notes of ML elsewhere, that the note should also include the preceding word ‫בּוֹרי‬ ֵ ִ‫גּ‬, since the extended lemma ‫בּוֹרי ַה ַחיִ ל‬ ֵ ִ‫ גּ‬meets the requirements of the note occuring five times with a paṯaḥ. Similarly, at 1 Sam

xviii

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

•

•

1:1, only one circellus has been placed over ‫ וַ יְ ִהי ִאישׁ‬with a note that reads “twice.” But that phrase occurs eight times so it is most likely that, with MC and MA, the note belongs to the three-word phrase ‫וַ יְ ִהי ִאישׁ ֶא ָחד‬, that only occurs twice. Lemma needs to be shortened. A similar situation involves cases where the lemma needs to be shortened. At Judg 19:9 a circellus has been placed on the two words ‫ ַל ֲﬠר ֹב ִלינוּ‬with a corresponding note of “twice.” But, since this phrase only occurs once, it is most likely that, with MA, the note should just be only on ‫ל ֲﬠר ֹב‬,ַ that does occur twice. At 1 Sam 2:15 a circellus has been placed on the words ‫ וְ ָא ַמר ָל ִאישׁ‬with a corresponding note of “thirtytwo times.” But, since the phrase ‫ וְ ָא ַמר ָל ִאישׁ‬only occurs once, it is most likely that the note refers just to ‫ל ִאישׁ‬,ָ which does occur thirty-two times. Extra notes in the ms. On some occasions one finds extra Mp notes which do not correspond to any word which is in the adjacent line. At Josh 19:25 (‫אַכ ָשׁף‬ ְ ְ‫)ו‬, there are four Mp notes for one line of text, which only contains three words in the line. The fourth Mp note of ‫ ̇ב‬does not match any parallel word in either column. At Judg 11:5 (‫)מ ֶא ֶרץ טוֹב‬, ֵ there is a Mp note of ‫י‬, which has no associated circellus and which does not match any of the immediate words in its vicinity.

TEXTUAL NOTES CONCERNING THE MM

The types of textual note concerning the Mm primarily have to do with the placement of the Mm note. Usually the Mm notes in ML are placed on the upper and lower margins, and usually correspond to the occurrence of lemmas on that particular folio. However there are many occasions when a Mm note occurs on the following or preceding folio. For example, at 2 Kgs 21:12 the lemma ‫ ִתּ ַצּ ְלנָ ה‬occurs in the ms. in folio 217r, but the Mm note on this lemma appears on the top right of the following folio 217v. The opposite is the case at 2 Kgs 3:17 where the lemma ‫יִ ָמּ ֵלא‬ occurs in the ms. in folio 204r, but the Mm note on this lemma appears on the bottom right of the preceding folio 203v. There are some cases where the same note appear both in the preceding and following folio. Thus the lemma ‫ד־ﬠ ֶצם ַהיּוֹם ַהזֶּ ה‬ ֶ ‫( ַﬠ‬Josh 10: 27) occurs in the ms. on folio 127v, but its Mm note appears once on the preceding page on the bottom left of fol. 127r, and once on the following page on the bottom left of fol. 128r. It is also possible for more than one note to be on the preceding or following folio. In fact, there is one case of six Mm notes occurring on a following folio! The lemmas ‫ְיֵדעוּן‬ (Josh 3:7), ‫אַתּה ְתּ ַצוֶּ ה‬ ָ ְ‫( ו‬Josh 3:8), ‫( ְכּב ֲֹא ֶכם‬Josh 3:9), ‫( גֹּשׁוּ‬Josh 3:9), ‫( ֵתּ ְדעוּן‬Josh 3:10), and ‫( ְשׁנֵ י ָﬠ ָשׂר‬Josh 3:12) all occur in the ms. in folio 122v, but their Mm notes are written on the bottom right of the following folio 123r.

2

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 1:1 ‫הוּ ַבּ ְבּגָ ִ ֔דים וְ ֥ל ֹא יִ ַ ֖חם ֽלוֹ׃‬ ֙ ‫וְ ַה ֶ ֤מּ ֶל� ָדּוִ ֙ד זָ ֵ ֔קן ָ ֖בּא ַבּיָּ ִ ֑מים וַ יְ ַכ ֻ֨סּ‬

1:1

‫וְ ַה ֶמּ ֶל� ָדּוִ ד‬

Three times at the beginning of a verse Com.: See 2 Sam 13:21. 1:1

‫ָבּא ַבּיָּ ִמים‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 23:1. 1:1

Unique

‫וַ יְ ַכ ֻסּהוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

‫ראש פסוק‬ ̇ ‫֗ג‬

Mp

Mp

Mp

1 KINGS 1:2 �‫יק‬ ֔ ֶ ‫וּת ִהי־ל֖ וֹ ס ֶֹכ֑נֶ ת וְ ָשׁ ְכ ָ ֣בה ְב ֵח‬ ְ �‫תוּלה וְ ָ ֽﬠ ְמ ָד ֙ה ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל‬ ָ ֔ ‫אמרוּ ל֣ וֹ ֲﬠ ָב ָ ֗דיו יְ ַב ְק ֞שׁוּ ַלאד ִֹנ֤י ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� נַ ֲﬠ ָ ֣רה ְב‬ ְ ֹ ‫וַ ֧יּ‬ ‫וְ ַ ֖חם ַלאד ִ ֹ֥ני ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ 1:2 Unique

‫אמרוּ לוֹ ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו‬ ְ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic note indicating the three ways of expressing the notion of “courtiers speaking to a king.” The first is ‫אמרוּ לוֹ ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו‬ ְ ֹ ‫( וַ יּ‬here, with David), the second is ‫אמרוּ ֵא ָליו ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו‬ ְ ֹ ‫( וַ יּ‬1 Kgs 20:31, with Ben Hadad), and the third is ‫אמרוּ ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו ֵא ָליו‬ ְ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ (1 Sam 28:7, with Saul; 2 Sam 12:21, with David); see the Mm to 1 Kgs 20:31, where these three phrases are specifically noted. 1:2

‫וּת ִהי‬ ְ

Fourteen times

‫י̇ ̇ד‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 18:17.

Mp

1 KINGS 1:2

‫ס ֶֹכנֶ ת‬

Twice

Mp

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 1:2; 1:4 1:2

‫וְ ַחם‬

Three times

3

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Exod 16:21; 1 Kgs 1:2; Qoh 4:11 ——————————

‫ וְ ַחם‬three times, and their references Exod 16:21 1 Kgs 1:2 Qoh 4:11

‫וחם ̇ג וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫וילקטו אתו בבקר בבקר‬ ‫ושכבה בחיקך‬ ‫גם אם ישכבו שנים וחם להם‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ, to distinguish them from its three occurrences with a qameṣ (‫)וְ ָחם‬.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that occur four times, three times with a ‫ ו‬cj. (as listed above), and once (Ps 39:4) without a cj.; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §16, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §17.

1 KINGS 1:3 ‫ישׁ ֙ג ַה ֣שּׁוּנַ ִ֔מּית וַ יָּ ִ ֥באוּ א ָ ֹ֖תהּ ַל ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ַ ‫ת־א ִב‬ ֲ ‫שׁוּ נַ ֲﬠ ָ ֣רה יָ ֔ ָפה ְבּ ֖כֹל גְּ ֣בוּל יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ַוֽ יִּ ְמ ְצ ֗אוּ ֶא‬ ֙ ‫וַ יְ ַב ְק‬ 1:3

‫וַ יָּ ִבאוּ‬

Four times, and defective, in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ד וחס‬

Mp

1 Kgs 1:3; 3:24; 8:6; 9:28

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs four times in the book and written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere in the book written plene ‫י‬.

The Mp headings at 1 Kgs 3:24, 8:6, and 9:28 read thirty-six, which is the total number of occurrences of this lemma, written plene and defective second ‫י‬, in the Bible; see 1 Sam 7:1. In ML after the ‫ב‬, the top part of a ‫ י‬that has been erased is clearly visible in the ms.

4

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 1:4 ‫אד וַ ְתּ ִ֨הי ַל ֶ ֤מּ ֶל� ס ֶֹ֨כנֶ ֙ת וַ ְתּ ָ ֣שׁ ְר ֵ֔תהוּ וְ ַה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ֥ל ֹא יְ ָד ָ ֽﬠהּ׃‬ ֹ ֑ ‫ד־מ‬ ְ ‫וְ ַ ֽהנַּ ֲﬠ ָ ֖רה יָ ָפ֣ה ַﬠ‬

1:4

‫וַ ְתּ ָשׁ ְר ֵתהוּ‬

Unique 1:4

‫̇ל‬ ‫יְ ָד ָﬠהּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

Gen 24:16; 1 Kgs 1:4

Com.: The Mp heading at Gen 24:16 adds the catchwords ‫ )וְ ַה ֶמּ ֶל� לֹא( והמלך לא‬to refer the reader to this verse.

1 KINGS 1:5 ‫מר ֲא ִנ֣י ֶא ְמ�֑ � וַ יַּ ַ֣ﬠשׂ ֗לוֹ ֶ ֚ר ֶכב ָוּפ ָ֣ר ִ֔שׁים וַ ֲח ִמ ִ ֥שּׁים ִ ֖אישׁ ָר ִ ֥צים ְל ָפ ָנֽיו׃‬ ֹ ֖ ‫ן־ח ִגּ֛ית ִמ ְתנַ ֵ ֥שּׂא ֵלא‬ ַ ‫וַ ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ֧ה ֶב‬ 1:5 Unique

‫ִמ ְתנַ ֵשּׂא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 1:6 ‫אד וְ א ֹ֥תוֹ יָ ְל ָ ֖דה ַא ֲח ֵ ֥רי ַא ְב ָשׁ ֽלוֹם׃‬ ֹ ֔ ‫תּ ַא ֙ר ְמ‬ ֹ ֨ ‫ם־הוּא ֽטוֹב־‬ ֤ ַ‫ית וְ ג‬ ָ ‫מר ַמ ֖דּ ַוּ� ָכּ ָ֣כה ָﬠ ִ ֑שׂ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫א־ﬠ ָצ ֨בוֹ ָא ִ ֤ביו ִמיָּ ָמ ֙יו ֵלא‬ ֲ ֹ ‫וְ ֽל‬ 1:6 Unique 1:6

Unique

‫ֲﬠ ָצבוֹ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫ית‬ ָ ‫דּוּ� ָכּ ָכה ָﬠ ִשׂ‬ ַ ‫ַמ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with ‫כּ ָכה‬,ָ to distinguish it from its occurrence without ‫יתה( ָכּ ָכה‬ ָ ‫דּוּ� ָﬠ ִשׂ‬ ַ ‫ ) ַמ‬at 2 Sam 16:10.

1 KINGS 1:6

‫וְ גַ ם־הוּא‬

Seven times

5

Mp

̇‫ז‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 21:20. 1:6

‫טוֹב־תֹּאַר‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ תֹּאַר‬with ‫טוֹב‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫ )יְ ֵפה־תֹּאַר( יְ ֵפה‬at Gen 39:6.

1 KINGS 1:7 ‫רוּיה וְ ִ ֖ﬠם ֶא ְביָ ָ ֣תר ַהכּ ֵ ֹ֑הן ַוֽ יַּ ְﬠזְ ֔רוּ ַא ֲח ֵ ֖רי ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ֽה׃‬ ָ֔ ‫ן־צ‬ ְ ‫יוֹאב ֶבּ‬ ֣ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ְהי֣ וּ ְד ָב ָ ֔ריו ִ ֚ﬠם‬ 1:7

‫ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ה‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 3:4.

Mp

1 KINGS 1:8 ‫ם־אד ֹנִ יָּ ֽהוּ׃‬ ֲ ‫שׁר ְל ָדִו֑ד ֥ל ֹא ָהי֖ וּ ִﬠ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫בּוֹרים ֲא‬ ֖ ִ ִ‫יא וְ ִשׁ ְמ ִ ֣ﬠי וְ ֵר ֔ ִﬠי וְ ַהגּ‬ ֙ ‫וּבנָ ָ֨יהוּ ֶבן־יְ הוֹיָ ָ ֜דע וְ נָ ָ ֤תן ַהנָּ ִב‬ ְ ‫וְ ָצ ֣דוֹק ֠ ַהכּ ֵֹהן‬ 1:8 Unique

‫וְ ֵר ִﬠי‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without a cj. at Job 31:9 and Cant 5:16. 1:8

‫בּוֹרים‬ ִ ִ‫וְ ַהגּ‬

Seven times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 1:8; 1:10; Jer 46:9; Joel 4:9; 1 Chr 11:19 6–7 1 Chr 19:8; 28:1

6

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma, with and without a ‫ ו‬cj., written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (17x) written defective ‫וְ ַהגִּ בּ ִֹרים( ו‬/‫) ַהגִּ בּ ִֹרים‬. The Mp heading at 1 Chr 11:19 reads three times plene in the book noting the plene occurrences there and at 1 Chr 19:8 and 28:1.

1 KINGS 1:9 �‫ל־א ָח ֙יו ְבּ ֵנ֣י ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל‬ ֶ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ר־א ֶצל ֵﬠ֣ין ר ֵֹג֑ל וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֗רא ֶא‬ ֖ ֵ ‫וּמ ִ ֔ריא ִ ֚ﬠם ֶ ֣א ֶבן ַהזּ ֶֹ֔ח ֶלת ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ְ ‫וּב ָק ֙ר‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ זְ ַבּ֣ח ֲאד ֹנִ ָ֗יּהוּ ֤צ ֹאן‬ ‫הוּדה ַﬠ ְב ֵ ֥די ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ֖ ָ ְ‫ל־אנְ ֵ ֥שׁי י‬ ַ ‫וּל ָכ‬ ְ 1:9

‫ַהזּ ֶֹח ֶלת‬

Unique and defective

Mp

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 1:10 ‫מה ָא ִ ֖חיו ֥ל ֹא ָק ָ ֽרא׃‬ ֹ ֥ �‫ת־שׁ‬ ְ ‫בּוֹרים וְ ֶא‬ ֛ ִ ִ‫ת־הגּ‬ ַ ‫וּבנָ ָ֜יהוּ וְ ֶא‬ ְ ‫ְ ֽו ֶאת־נָ ָתן֩ ַהנָּ ִ֨ביא‬ 1:10

‫וְ ֶאת־נָ ָתן‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 1:10; 1:44

—————————— ‫ וְ ֶאת־נָ ָתן‬twice 1 Kgs 1:10 1 Kgs 1:44

‫ואת נתן ̇ב‬

Mm

[‫ואת )הגברים( ]הגבורים‬ ‫וישלח אתו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its two occurrences without a cj. at 2 Sam 12:1 and 1 Chr 2:36.

1 KINGS 1:10

‫בּוֹרים‬ ִ ִ‫ַהגּ‬

Six times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

7

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading of six times is a graphic error of ̇‫ ו‬six for ̇‫ ז‬seven; see directly above at 1 Kgs 1:8. 1:10

‫ת־שׁ�מֹה‬ ְ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (11x) without a cj., four of which occur in this chapter in vv. 33, 38, 39 and 43.

1 KINGS 1:11 ‫ן־ח ִגּ֑ית וַ ֲאד ֵֹנ֥ינוּ ָדִ ֖וד ֥ל ֹא יָ ָ ֽדע׃‬ ַ ‫מר ֲהל֣ וֹא ָשׁ ַ֔מ ַﬠ ְתּ ִ ֥כּי ָמ ַל֖� ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ֣הוּ ֶב‬ ֹ ֔ ‫ם־שׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ֵלא‬ ְ ‫ת־שׁ ַבע ֵא‬ ֤ ֶ ‫ל־בּ‬ ַ ‫אמר נָ ָ֗תן ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ 1:11

‫ָשׁ ַמ ַﬠ ְתּ‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

1 Kgs 1:11; Jer 4:19 (qərê); 22:21; Ruth 2:8 —————————— ‫ ָשׁ ַמ ַﬠ ְתּ‬four times

1 Kgs 1:11 Jer 4:19 Jer 22:21 Ruth 2:8

‫שמעת ̇ד‬

Mm

‫)הלא( ]הלוא[ שמעת כי מלך‬ ‫כי קול שופר שמעת‬ ‫דברתי אליך בשלותיך‬ ‫ויאמר בעז אל רות‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a šəwâ under the ‫( ת‬fem.), to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (31x) with a qameṣ (‫ ָשׁ ַמ ְﬠ ָתּ‬, masc.) 1:11

‫וַ ֲאד ֹנֵ ינוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 1:11; Ps 135:5

——————————

8

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫ וַ ֲאד ֹנֵ ינוּ‬twice, and their references

1 Kgs 1:11 Ps 135:5

‫ואדנינו ̇ב וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ואדנינו דוד לא ידע‬ ‫ואדנינו מכל אלהים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) without a cj.

The Mp heading at Ps 135:5 includes all nine references, those with a ‫ ו‬cj. and those without, in its note. It reads nine times paṯaḥ in various forms, the paṯaḥ indicating the ḥaṭeṕ-paṯaḥ under the ‫ א‬as opposed to not having a vowel as in ‫וַ אד ֹנִ י‬.

1 KINGS 1:13 �֙ ֵ‫מה ְבנ‬ ֹ ֤ �‫י־שׁ‬ ְ ‫מר ִ ֽכּ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫א־א ָ֞תּה ֲאד ִֹנ֣י ַה ֶ֗מּ ֶל� נִ ְשׁ ַ ֤בּ ְﬠ ָתּ ַל ֲא ָ ֽמ ְת ֙� ֵלא‬ ַ ֹ ‫ל־ה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ָדּ ִ֗וד וְ ָא ַ ֤מ ְר ְתּ ֵא ָל ֙יו ֲה ֽל‬ ַ ‫ְל ִ֞כי וּ ֣בֹ ִאי ׀ ֶא‬ ‫וּמ ֖דּ ַוּ� ָמ ַ ֥ל� ֲאד ֹנִ ָיֽהוּ׃‬ ַ ‫ל־כּ ְס ִ ֑אי‬ ִ ‫שׁב ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֵ ֵ‫יִ ְמ�֣ � ַא ֲח ַ ֔רי וְ ֖הוּא י‬ 1:13

‫וּב ִֹאי‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Gen 19:34; 1 Kgs 1:13; Isa 47:5; Cant 4:16 (‫)וּבוֹאי‬ ִ

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) without a cj. The Mm heading at Isa 47:5 reads four times, three defective and one plene. The Mp heading at Cant 4:16 correctly reads unique plene.

1:13

‫וְ ָא ַמ ְר ְתּ‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See Judg 4:20. 1:13

Ten times

�‫דּוּ‬ ַ ‫וּמ‬ ַ ̇‫י‬

Mp

Com.: See Judg 9:28.

1 KINGS

9

1 KINGS 1:14 ‫ת־דּ ָב ָ ֽריִ �׃‬ ְ ‫אתי ֶא‬ ֖ ִ ‫וּמ ֵלּ‬ ִ � ִ‫ם־ה ֶ ֑מּ ֶל� וַ ֲאנִ ֙י ָא ֣בוֹא ַא ֲח ַ ֔רי‬ ַ ‫עוֹד� ְמ ַד ֶ ֥בּ ֶרת ָ ֖שׁם ִﬠ‬ ֛ ָ ‫ִה ֗ ֵנּה‬ 1:14

‫אתי‬ ִ ‫וּמ ֵלּ‬ ִ

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 1:14; Ezek 32:5; 35:8; Hag 2:7 —————————— ‫אתי‬ ִ ‫וּמ ֵלּ‬ ִ four times

1 Kgs 1:14 Ezek 35:8 Ezek 32:5 Hag 2:7

‫ומלאתי ̇ד‬

Mm

‫ומלאתי את דבריך‬ ‫ומלאתי את הריו‬ ‫הגאיות רמותך‬ ‫את הבית הזה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬consec., to distinguish them from its three occurrences without a ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 1:15 ‫ת־ה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ַ ‫ישׁ ֙ג ַה ֣שּׁוּנַ ִ֔מּית ְמ ָשׁ ַ ֖רת ֶא‬ ַ ‫אד ַו ֲֽא ִב‬ ֹ ֑ ‫ל־ה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ַה ַ֔ח ְד ָרה וְ ַה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� זָ ֵ ֣ קן ְמ‬ ַ ‫ת־שׁ ֶבע ֶא‬ ֤ ֶ ‫וַ ָתּ ֨ב ֹא ַב‬ 1:15 Unique

‫וְ ַה ֶמּ ֶל� זָ ֵקן ְמאֹד‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the phrase ‫ זָ ֵקן ְמאֹד‬with �‫ =( וְ ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬David), to distinguish it from its two occurrences with Eli (‫ )וְ ֵﬠ ִלי זָ ֵקן ְמאֹד‬at 1 Sam 2:22, and with Barzilay (‫וּב ְרזְּ ַלי זָ ֵקן ְמאֹד‬ ַ ) at 2 Sam 19:33. 1:15

Unique

‫ְמ ָשׁ ַרת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that have a paṯaḥ; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §22, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §23.

10

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 1:18 ‫וְ ַﬠ ָ֕תּה ִה ֵנּ֥ה ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ֖ה ָמ ָל֑� וְ ַﬠ ָ ֛תּה ֲאד ִ ֹ֥ני ַה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ֥ל ֹא יָ ָ ֽד ְﬠ ָתּ׃‬

1:18

‫וְ ַﬠ ָ֕תּה‬1

Twenty-seven times with this accent (zaqeṕ gaḏôl)

1–5 6–10 11–15 16–20 21–25 26

‫בטע‬ ̇ ̇‫̇כז‬

Gen 12:19; Exod 3:9; Num 14:17; 24:14; 31:17 Josh 9:19; 24:23; Judg 11:13; 14:2; 20:9 1 Sam 15:25; 2 Sam 2:6; 1 Kgs 1:12; 1:18a; 5:18 2 Kgs 1:14; 13:19; Jer 32:36; 37:20; 42:15 Nah 1:13; Hag 1:5; Mal 3:15; Dan 11:2; 2 Chr 6:17 2 Chr 19:7

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twenty-seven is incorrect since there are only twenty-six occurrences of this lemma with the accent zaqeṕ gaḏôl.

Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc) suggest that the circellus has been misplaced and that it belongs on the second ‫ וְ ַﬠ ָתּה‬in the line, which has the accent təḇîr, and which does occur twenty-seven times; see 1 Sam 27:1.

Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

In ML the note has been placed on the left side of the following note instead of being at the right side.

1:18

‫ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ה‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 3:4.

Mp

In ML the note has been placed on the right side of the preceding note instead of being at the left side.

1 KINGS

11

1 KINGS 1:19 ‫מה ַﬠ ְב ְדּ�֖ ֥ל ֹא‬ ֹ ֥ �‫וּלי ָ ֹ֖אב ַ ֣שׂר ַה ָצּ ָ ֑בא וְ ִל ְשׁ‬ ְ ‫וּל ֶא ְביָ ָת ֙ר ַהכּ ֵֹ֔הן‬ ְ �‫ל־בּ ֵנ֣י ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל‬ ְ ‫אן ָלר ֹ ֒ב וַ יִּ ְק ָר ֙א ְל ָכ‬ ֮ ֹ ‫ַו֠יִּ זְ ַבּח ֥שׁוֹר וּֽ ְמ ִריא־וְ צ‬ ‫ָק ָ ֽרא׃‬ 1:19

‫וּמ ִריא־וְ צֹאן‬ ְ ‫שׁוֹר‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

1–2 1 Kgs 1:19; 1:25

Com.: The Mp heading here of unique is incorrect since there are two occurrences of this lemma. The Masorah notes the two occurrences of the phrase ‫וּמ ִריא‬ ְ ‫ שׁוֹר‬with ‫וְ צֹאן‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence without ‫וּמ ִריא( וְ צֹאן‬ ְ ‫ )שׁוֹר‬at 2 Sam 6:13. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here. 1:19

‫וּלי ָֹאב‬ ְ

Twice, once defective and once plene 1 Kgs 1:19; 2:22 (‫יוֹאב‬ ָ ‫)וּל‬ ְ

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫חס וחד‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written defective ‫( ו‬here), and one written plene ‫( ו‬1 Kgs 2:22). 1:19

‫וְ ִל ְשׁ�מֹה‬

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 1:19; 1:26; 4:7; 1 Chr 29:19; 2 Chr 7:10

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (35x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 1:20 ‫י־ה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ַא ֲח ָ ֽריו׃‬ ַ ‫ל־כּ ֵ ֥סּא ֲאד ִ ֹֽנ‬ ִ ‫וְ ַא ָתּ ֙ה ֲאד ִֹנ֣י ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ֵﬠ ֵינ֥י ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ָﬠ ֶל֑י� ְל ַה ִגּ֣יד ָל ֶ֔הם ִ֗מי יֵ ֵ ֛שׁב ַﬠ‬ 1:20 Unique

‫אַתּה ֲאד ֹנִ י‬ ָ ְ‫ו‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

12

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that occur only once with a preceding ‫אַתּה‬ ָ ְ‫ ;ו‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §262. 1:20

‫ִמי יֵ ֵשׁב‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 1:20; 1:27

Mp

1 KINGS 1:21 ‫מה ַח ָטּ ִ ֽאים׃‬ ֹ ֖ �‫וּב ִ ֥ני ְשׁ‬ ְ ‫יתי ֲא ִנ֛י‬ ִ ‫ם־אב ָ ֹ֑תיו וְ ָה ִ֗י‬ ֲ ‫י־ה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ִﬠ‬ ַ ‫וְ ָה ָ֕יה ִכּ ְשׁ ַ ֥כב ֲאד ִ ֹֽנ‬ 1:21 Unique

‫ִכּ ְשׁ ַכב‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫כ‬, to distinguish it from its four occurrences without this preposition.

1 KINGS 1:22 ‫ם־ה ֶ ֑מּ ֶל� וְ נָ ָ ֥תן ַהנָּ ִ ֖ביא ָ ֽבּא׃‬ ַ ‫עוֹדנָּ ה ְמ ַד ֶ ֖בּ ֶרת ִﬠ‬ ֥ ֶ ‫וְ ִה ֵנּ֛ה‬ 1:22

‫וְ ִהנֵּ ה‬

Five times at the beginning of a verse in the book 1–5 1 Kgs 1:22; 2:8; 13:1; 13:25; 20:13 ——————————

Five times at the beginning of a verse in the book, and their references 1–5 1 Kgs 1:22 1 Kgs 2:8 1 Kgs 13:1 1 Kgs 13:25 1 Kgs 20:13

‫בסיפר וסימנהון‬ ̇ ‫ראש פסוק‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

‫והנה עודנה מדברת‬ ‫עמך שמעי בן גרא בן‬ ‫איש אלהים‬ ‫אנשים עברים‬ ‫נביא אחד נגש‬

Mp

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫ראש פסוק‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma at the beginning of a verse in the book with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its five occurrences at the beginning of a verse in the book without a ‫ ו‬cj.

1 KINGS

13

1 KINGS 1:23 ‫ל־א ָ ֖פּיו ָ ֽא ְר ָצה׃‬ ַ ‫מר ִה ֵנּ֖ה נָ ָ ֣תן ַהנָּ ִ ֑ביא וַ יָּ ב ֹ ֙א ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֧תּחוּ ַל ֶ ֛מּ ֶל� ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫וַ יַּ ִגּ֤ידוּ ַל ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ֵלא‬ 1:23

‫ִהנֵּ ה נָ ָתן‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ִהנֵּ ה‬with ‫( נָ ָתן‬Nathan), to distinguish it from its two occurrences with ‫( נָ ַתן‬he has given) at 1 Kgs 22:23 and 2 Chr 18:22. 1:23

‫ל־אַפּיו‬ ָ ‫ ַﬠ‬...‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַתּחוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

2 Sam 14:33; 1 Kgs 1:23

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of ‫ וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַתּחוּ‬with ‫ל־אַפּיו‬ ָ ‫ﬠ‬, ַ to distinguish them from its three occurrences with ‫אַפּיו‬ ָ ‫ ְ;ל‬see 2 Sam 18:28.

In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫ וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַתּחוּ‬but, since this form occurs many more than two times, the note, as MA reads here and at 2 Sam14:33, most likely encompasses the full phrase ‫ל־אַפּיו‬ ָ ‫ ַﬠ‬...‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַתּחוּ‬, which only occurs twice. At 2 Sam 14:33 the circellus has been placed on ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַתּחוּ לוֹ‬, which does occur twice (there and at 1 Kgs 16:31), but MA likewise there extends the lemma to include ‫ל־אַפּיו‬ ָ ‫ﬠ‬. ַ MC has no note here.

1 KINGS 1:24 ‫ל־כּ ְס ִ ֽאי׃‬ ִ ‫אמ ֮ר נָ ָתן֒ ֲאד ִֹנ֣י ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ַא ָ ֣תּה ָא ַ֔מ ְר ָתּ ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ֖הוּ יִ ְמ�֣ � ַא ֲח ָ ֑רי וְ ֖הוּא יֵ ֵ ֥שׁב ַﬠ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ 1:24

‫אמ ֘ר‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬

Twelve times with the accent (zarqâ) at the beginning of a verse 1–5 6–10 11–12

‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫ראש‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 2:23; 32:10; Exod 18:10; Num 11:21; 16:28 1 Sam 17:37; 23:10; 1 Kgs 1:24; 2 Kgs 5:17; Ezek 37:11 Esth 5:12; 2 Chr 2:11

Com.: The Masorah notes the twelve occurrences of this lemma with the accent zarqâ at the beginning of a verse, to distinguish them from its three occurrences with this accent in the middle of a verse.

The Mp headings at Exod 18:10, Num 11:21, and 16:28 correctly read five times with this accent in the Torah.

14

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 1:25

‫וּל ֶא ְביָ ָ ֣תר ַהכּ ֵֹ֔הן וְ ִה ָנּ֛ם‬ ְ ‫וּל ָשׂ ֵ ֤רי ַה ָצּ ָב ֙א‬ ְ �‫ל־בּ ֨ ֵני ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל‬ ְ ‫ִ ֣כּי ׀ יָ ַ ֣רד ַהיּ֗ וֹם ַו֠יִּ זְ ַבּח ֥שׁוֹר וּֽ ְמ ִריא־וְ צ ֹ֮אן ָלר ֹ ֒ב וַ יִּ ְק ָר ֩א ְל ָכ‬ ‫אמ ֔רוּ יְ ִ ֖חי ַה ֶ ֥מּ ֶל� ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ֽהוּ׃‬ ְ ֹ ‫א ְֹכ ִ ֥לים וְ שׁ ִ ֹ֖תים ְל ָפ ָנ֑יו וַ ֣יּ‬ 1:25

‫וּמ ִריא־וְ צֹאן‬ ְ ‫שׁוֹר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1:25

‫וּל ָשׂ ֵרי ַה ָצּ ָבא‬ ְ

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 1:19.

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫ל‬, to distinguish it from its two occurrences without the prep. ‫ )וְ ָשׂ ֵרי ַה ָצּ ָבא( ל‬at 1 Chr 25:1 and 26:26. 1:25

‫וְ שׁ ִֹתים‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 30:16.

1 KINGS 1:26 ‫מה ַﬠ ְב ְדּ�֖ ֥ל ֹא ָק ָ ֽרא׃‬ ֹ ֥ �‫וּל ָצ ֨ד ֹק ַהכּ ֵֹ֜הן וְ ִל ְבנָ ָי֧הוּ ֶבן־יְ הוֹיָ ָ ֛דע וְ ִל ְשׁ‬ ְ �‫י־ﬠ ְב ֶדּ‬ ַ֠ ‫וְ ִ ֣לי ֲא ִ ֽנ‬ 1:26

‫וְ ִלי‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading of five times is incorrect since there are eight occurrences of this lemma; see Judg 14:16. The error no doubt is a graphic one of ‫ ה‬five for ‫ ח‬eight. Both MC and MA correctly read here eight times. 1:26

‫וּל ָצד ֹק‬ ְ

‫וּל ָצד ֹק‬ ְ twice, once plene, and once defective 1 Kgs 1:26 1 Chr 29:22

‫ולי אני עבדך‬ ‫לנגיד ולצדוק לכהן‬

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫מל וחד‬ ̇ ‫ולצדוק ̇ב חד‬

Mm

1 KINGS

15

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written plene ‫( ו‬1 Chr 29:22), and one written defective ‫( ו‬here).

1 KINGS 1:27 ‫י־ה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ַא ֲח ָ ֽריו׃ ס‬ ַ ‫ל־כּ ֵ ֥סּא ֲאד ִ ֹֽנ‬ ִ ‫י� ִ֗מי יֵ ֵ ֛שׁב ַﬠ‬ ֔ ‫ת־ﬠ ְב ְדּ‬ ַ ‫הוֹד ְﬠ ָ֙תּ ֶ ֽא‬ ֨ ַ ‫ִ֗אם ֵמ ֵא ֙ת ֲאד ִֹנ֣י ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� נִ ְה ָי֖ה ַה ָדּ ָ ֣בר ַה ֶזּ֑ה וְ ֤ל ֹא‬ 1:27

‫נִ ְהיָ ה‬

Eight times

Mp

‫̇ח‬

1–5 1 Kgs 1:27; 12:24; Joel 2:2; Mic 2:4; Zech 8:10 6–8 Prov 13:19; Neh 6:8; 2 Chr 11:4

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its five occurrences with a səḡôl (‫ ;)נִ ְהיֶ ה‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §18H.

This distinction is implied in the headings of the Mp at Prov 13:9 and Neh 6:8, which reads eight times with qameṣ (‫)ח‬, ָ and of the Mm at Prov 13:19, which reads eight times with qameṣ, thereby assuming a contrast with a form with a different vowel under the ‫י‬, which can only be a səḡôl. 1:27

�‫ַﬠ ְב ְדּי‬

Read �‫ַﬠ ְב ְדּ‬

‫קר‬ ̇ ‫עבדך‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫עבדיך‬, your servants), and the qərê (�‫ﬠ ְב ְדּ‬, ַ your servant) represent variations in sg. and pl.; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 136. 1:27

‫אַח ָריו‬ ֲ �‫י־ה ֶמּ ֶל‬ ַ ִ‫ל־כּ ֵסּא ֲאד ֹנ‬ ִ ‫ַﬠ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 1:20; 1:27

Mp

In ML only two circelli have been placed between the first two and last two words. However, with four- or five-word phrases it is not unusual for only two circelli to be given; see Josh 1:6 and passim.

16

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 1:30

‫ל־כּ ְס ִ ֖אי ַתּ ְח ָ ֑תּי‬ ִ ‫מה ְבנֵ ֙� יִ ְמ�֣ � ַא ֲח ַ ֔רי וְ ֛הוּא יֵ ֵ ֥שׁב ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֤ �‫י־שׁ‬ ְ ‫מר ִ ֽכּ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ֵלא‬ ֤ ֵ ‫יהוה ֱא‬ ָ֨ ‫ִ֡כּי ַכּ ֲא ֶשׁר֩ נִ ְשׁ ַ֨בּ ְﬠ ִתּי ֜ ָל� ַבּ‬ ‫ִ ֛כּי ֵ ֥כּן ֶא ֱﬠ ֶ ֖שׂה ַהיּ֥ וֹם ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ 1:30

‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫נִ ְשׁ ַבּ ְﬠ ִתּי ָל� ַבּיהוָ ה ֱא‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Josh 9:18 (‫ ;)נִ ְשׁ ְבּעוּ‬9:19 (‫ ;)נִ ְשׁ ַבּ ְﬠנוּ‬1 Kgs 1:30

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of the notion of swearing ‫ נִ ְשׁ ַבּע‬by the Lord, God of Israel ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ ַבּיהוָ ה ֱא‬.

In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫ נִ ְשׁ ַבּ ְﬠ ִתּי‬but, since this form occurs many more than two times, the note most likely, as in MA, encompasses the full phrase ‫נִ ְשׁ ַבּ ְﬠ ִתּי ָל� ַבּיהוָ ה‬ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫א‬. ֱ MC has no note here. 1:30

‫וְ הוּא יֵ ֵשׁב‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1–4 1 Kgs 1:13; 1:17; 1:24; 1:30

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since there are four occurrences of this lemma.

The Masorah note the four occurrences of ‫ וְ הוּא‬with ‫יֵ ֵשׁב‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (8x) with ‫)וְ הוּא י ֵֹשׁב( י ֵֹשׁב‬. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here. 1:30

Unique

‫ִכּ ְס ִאי ַתּ ְח ָתּי‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ִכּ ְס ִאי‬with ‫( ַתּ ְח ָתּי‬plus ‫)וְ הוּא יֵ ֵשׁב ַﬠל‬, to distinguish it from its three occurrences without ‫ )וְ הוּא יֵ ֵשׁב ַﬠל ִכּ ְס ִאי( ַתּ ְח ָתּי‬in vv. 13, 17, and 24.

1 KINGS

17

1 KINGS 1:31 ‫אמר יְ ִ֗חי ֲאד ִֹנ֛י ַה ֶ ֥מּ ֶל� ָדִּ ֖וד ְלע ָ ֹֽלם׃ פ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ת־שׁ ַבע ַא ֨ ַפּיִ ֙ם ֶ֔א ֶרץ וַ ִתּ ְשׁ ַ ֖תּחוּ ַל ֶ ֑מּ ֶל� וַ ֕תּ‬ ֤ ֶ ‫וַ ִתּ ֨קֹּד ַבּ‬ 1:31

‫אַפּיִ ם ֶא ֶרץ‬ ַ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 1:31; Isa 49:23

—————————— ‫אַפּיִ ם ֶא ֶרץ‬ ַ twice

‫אפים ארץ ̇ב‬

Mm

The second occurrence of ‫( וַ ִתּקֹּד‬1 Kgs 1:31) ‫ותקד בתריה‬ Isa 49:23 ‫והיו מלכים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma without the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) with this adverbial ending (‫אַר ָצה‬ ְ ‫אַפּיִ ם‬ ַ ).

The Mp heading at Isa 49:23 of unique is inexact since there are two occurrences of this lemma. The note more precisely should have read unique in the book.

The additional notation in the Mm at the 1 Kgs 1:31 reference of the second occurrence of ‫ וַ ִתּקֹּד‬is to distinguish this verse from its first occurrence of ‫ וַ ִתּקֹּד‬in v. 16, where the lemma ‫אַפּיִ ם ֶא ֶרץ‬ ַ does not occur.

1:31

‫ְלע ָֹלם‬

Eighteen times defective 1–5 6–10 11–15 16–18

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ח‬

Mp

Gen 3:22; 6:3; Exod 3:15; 15:18; 21:6 Exod 31:17; 32:13; Lev 25:46; Deut 5:29; 32:40 1 Kgs 1:31; 2:33; 9:5; 10:9; Ps 45:18 Ps 75:10; 92:9; Job 7:16

Com.: The Masorah notes the eighteen occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) written plene ‫עוֹלם( ו‬ ָ ‫)ל‬. ְ

ML, contrary to M (‫עוֹלם‬ ָ ‫)ל‬, ְ has a nineteenth occurrence of this lemma since it writes the form at Ps 136:3 defective ‫;)לע ָֹלם( ו‬ ְ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 269. However, all the Mp headings highlighted above of eighteen defective in total, or eight in the Prophets and Writings (see below) support the enumeration inherent in the text of M.

18

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Notes on the highlighted headings 1

Seven of the Mp headings (Gen 6:3, Exod 32:13, 1 Kgs 1:31, 9:5, 10:9, Ps 45:18, and Job 7:16), and the Mm heading at Gen 3:22, enumerate all eighteen defective occurrences.

2

Six of the Torah references enumerate the ten defective occurrences in the Torah (Gen 3:22, Exod 3:15 [mistakenly writes two for ten], Exod 21:6, 31:17, Lev 25:46, and Deut 5:29).

3

Two of the Psalms references (Ps 75:10 and 92:9) enumerate the eight defective occurrences in the Prophets and Writings.

1 KINGS 1:33 ‫ר־לי‬ ֑ ִ ‫ל־ה ִפּ ְר ָ ֖דּה ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ַ ‫מה ְב ֔ ִני ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֣ �‫ת־שׁ‬ ְ ‫יכם וְ ִה ְר ַכּ ְב ֶתּ ֙ם ֶא‬ ֶ֔ ֵ‫ת־ﬠ ְב ֵד֣י ֲאד ֹנ‬ ַ ‫אמר ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל� ָל ֶ֗הם ְק ֤חוּ ִﬠ ָמּ ֶכ ֙ם ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫הוֹר ְד ֶ ֥תּם א ֹ֖תוֹ ֶאל־גִּ ֽחוֹן׃‬ ַ ְ‫ו‬ 1:33 Unique 1:33

‫ל־ה ִפּ ְר ָדּה‬ ַ ‫ַﬠ‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬ ‫גִּ חוֹן‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 2:13 (‫ ;)גִּ יחוֹן‬1 Kgs 1:33; 1:38; 1:45 (‫;)בּגִ חוֹן‬ ְ 2 Chr 32:30 (‫)גִּ יחוֹן‬ 6 2 Chr 33:14 (‫)לגִ יחוֹן‬ ְ

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma, three are written plene ‫י‬, and three are written defective ‫י‬.

1 KINGS 1:35 ‫הוּדה׃‬ ֽ ָ ְ‫יתי ִ ֽל ְהי֣ וֹת נָ ֔ ִגיד ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל וְ ַﬠל־י‬ ֙ ִ ‫ל־כּ ְס ִ֔אי וְ ֥הוּא יִ ְמ�֖ � ַתּ ְח ָ ֑תּי וְ א ֹ֤תוֹ ִצ ִ ֨וּ‬ ִ ‫וּב ֙א וְ יָ ַ ֣שׁב ַﬠ‬ ָ ‫יתם ַא ֲח ָ ֗ריו‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וַ ֲﬠ ִל‬ 1:35 Unique

‫ִל ְהיוֹת נָ גִ יד ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the phrase ‫ ִל ְהיוֹת נָ גִ יד ַﬠל‬with ‫יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬, to distinguish it from its two occurrences with ‫ ) ִל ְהיוֹת נָ גִ יד ַﬠל ַﬠ ִמּי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל( ַﬠ ִמּי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬at 1 Chr 17:7 and 2 Chr 6:5, and from its sole occurrence with ‫) ִל ְהיוֹת נָ גִ יד ַﬠל ַﬠ ִמּי ַﬠל יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל( ַﬠ ִמּי ַﬠל יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ at 2 Sam 7:8.

1 KINGS

19

In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫ ִל ְהיוֹת נָ גִ יד‬but, since this phrase occurs four times, it is more likely that the note involves the wider phrase ‫ ִל ְהיוֹת נָ גִ יד ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬, which only occurs this once. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 1:36 ‫�הי ֲאד ִ ֹ֥ני ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ֖ ֵ ‫הוה ֱא‬ ָ֔ ְ‫אמר י‬ ֣ ַ ֹ ‫אמר ׀ ָא ֵ ֑מן ֵ ֚כּן י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ת־ה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� וַ ֣יּ‬ ַ ‫וַ ַ֨יּ ַﬠן ְבּנָ ָי֧הוּ ֶבן־יְ ֽהוֹיָ ָ ֛דע ֶא‬ 1:36

‫אמר‬ ַ ֹ ‫ָא ֵמן ֵכּן י‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the phrase ‫ ָא ֵמן ֵכּן‬with ‫אמר‬ ַ ֹ ‫י‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ָא ֵמן ֵכּן יַ ֲﬠ ֶשׂה( יַ ֲﬠ ֶשׂה‬at Jer 28:6.

1 KINGS 1:37 ‫ת־כּ ְס ֔אוֹ ִ֨מ ִכּ ֵ֔סּא ֲאד ִֹנ֖י ַה ֶ ֥מּ ֶל� ָדִּ ֽוד׃‬ ִ ‫מה ִ ֽויגַ ֵדּל֙ ֶא‬ ֹ ֑ �‫ם־שׁ‬ ְ ‫ם־אד ִֹנ֣י ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ֵ ֖כּן יִ ְה ֶי֣ ִﬠ‬ ֲ ‫ַכּ ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ָה ָי֤ה יְ הוָ ֙ה ִﬠ‬ 1:37

ֶ‫יִ ְהי‬

Read ‫יִ ְהיֶ ה‬

‫יהיה ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ )יהי‬and the qərê (‫ )יִ ְהיֶ ה‬represent examples of apocopated and unapocopated forms of final ‫ י‬verbs; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 131. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words in which a ‫ה‬, at the end of a word that is not written, is read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §111, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §93. In ML this lemma has no circellus.

1 KINGS 1:38 ‫ל־פּ ְר ַ ֖דּת ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ָדִּו֑ד‬ ִ ‫מה ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ת־שׁ‬ ְ ‫בוּ ֶא‬ ֙ ‫תי וְ ַה ְפּ ֵל ִ֔תי וַ יַּ ְר ִ֨כּ‬ ֙ ִ ‫וּבנָ ָי֣הוּ ֶבן־יְ הוֹיָ ָ ֗דע וְ ַה ְכּ ֵר‬ ְ ‫וַ יֵּ ֣ ֶ רד ָצ ֣דוֹק ֠ ַהכּ ֵֹהן וְ נָ ָ֨תן ַהנָּ ִ֜ביא‬ ‫וַ יּ ִ ֹ֥לכוּ א ֹ֖תוֹ ַﬠל־גִּ ֽחוֹן׃‬ 1:38

‫ל־פּ ְר ַדּת‬ ִ ‫ַﬠ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 1:38; 1:44

Mp

20 1:38

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וַ יּ ִֹלכוּ‬

Six times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 1:38 (‫ ;וַ יּ ִֹלכוּ‬2 Kgs 17:27 (‫ ;)ה ִֹליכוּ‬Jer 3:6 (‫)ה ְֹל ָכה‬ Hos 2:16 (‫יה‬ ָ ‫ ;)וְ ה ַֹל ְכ ִתּ‬Qoh 5:14 (�‫)שׁיּ ֵֹל‬ ֶ 6 2 Chr 36:6 (‫)לה ִֹליכוֹ‬ ְ —————————— Six times defective ‫ו‬

‫ו̇ חסירין ו̇ ו‬

Mm

1–5 1 Kgs 1:38 2 Kgs 17:27 Jer 3:6 Hos 2:16 2 Chr 36:6 6 Qoh 5:14

‫וילכו אתו על גחון‬ [‫הליכו שמה אחד )מהתנבות( ]מהכהנים‬ ‫הלכה היא על כל‬ [‫והלכתיה )המדברה( ]המדבר‬ [‫להליכו )בכל( ]בבלה‬ ‫שילך בידו‬

1–5 1 Kgs 1:38 Jer 2:17* Jer 32:5 Nah 2:6 Zech 5:10 6 Prov 31:27*

‫וילכו אתו על‬ ‫בעת )מולכך( ]מוליכך[ בדרך‬ ‫ובבל יולך את צדקיהו‬ [‫יכשלו )בהלכתם( ]בהליכתם‬ ‫המה מולכות‬ ‫צופיה הליכות ביתה‬

——————————

These lack a ‫י‬

‫הלין חסירין יוד‬

Com.: There are two Masoretic observations here. In the first, the Masorah notes six occurrences of various forms of the verb �‫ ָה ַל‬which, apart from Jer 3:6 (‫ה ְֹל ָכה‬, a qal), consist of hiphil forms written defective ‫ו‬.

The Mp headings at Jer 3:6 (‫ )ה ְֹל ָכה‬and Hos 2:16 (‫יה‬ ָ ‫ )וְ ה ַֹל ְכ ִתּ‬read unique noting the sole occurrences of their particular forms, and the Mp heading at 2 Chr 36:6 (‫)לה ִֹליכוֹ‬ ְ reads unique and defective (‫ )ו‬noting not only that this particular form occurs just once, but that the form does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

In the second part of the note, the Masorah notes six occurrences of forms of the hiphil of �‫ָה ַל‬ written defective ‫י‬, to distinguish them from more numerous occurrences of forms written plene ‫( י‬e.g., �‫)יוֹלי‬. ִ

* ML, contrary to M (�‫)מוֹל ֵכ‬, ִ writes the form at Jer 2:17 (�‫יכ‬ ֵ ‫)מוֹל‬ ִ plene ‫( י‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 163), and also contrary to M (‫)ה ִילכוֹת‬ ֲ writes the form at Prov 31:27 plene ‫י‬

1 KINGS

21

(‫;)ה ִליכוֹת‬ ֲ see ibid, 287. However, the Mp heading in ML at Jer 2:17 reads unique and defective (‫)י‬, thus supporting the reading of M. In the Nah 2:6 reference, the Masorah, as is its wont, cites the qərê form, but the defective spelling of ‫ י‬is in the kəṯîḇ form (‫ ;)בהלכותם‬see ibid, 238.

This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 185r, but the Mm note appears on the bottom of the preceding folio 184v.

1 KINGS 1:39 ‫ל־ה ֔ ָﬠם יְ ִ ֖חי‬ ָ ‫רוּ ָכּ‬ ֙ ‫אמ‬ ְ ֹ ‫שּׁוֹפר וַ ֽיּ‬ ָ ֔ ‫עוּ ַבּ‬ ֙ ‫מה ַ ֽו יִּ ְת ְק‬ ֹ ֑ �‫ת־שׁ‬ ְ ‫א ֶהל וַ יִּ ְמ ַ ֖שׁח ֶא‬ ֹ ֔ ‫ן־ה‬ ָ ‫מן ִמ‬ ֙ ֶ ‫ת־ק ֶרן ַה ֶ֨שּׁ‬ ֤ ֶ ‫וַ יִּ ַקּ ֩ח ָצ ֨דוֹק ַהכּ ֵֹ֜הן ֶא‬ ‫מה׃‬ ֹ ֽ �‫ַה ֶ ֥מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ 1:39

‫ל־ה ָﬠם‬ ָ ‫אמרוּ ָכּ‬ ְ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 12:19.

1 KINGS 1:40 ‫קוֹלם׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫דוֹל֑ה וַ ִתּ ָבּ ַ ֥ קע ָה ָ ֖א ֶרץ ְבּ‬ ָ ְ‫וּשׂ ֵמ ִ ֖חים ִשׂ ְמ ָ ֣חה ג‬ ְ ‫ל־ה ָﬠ ֙ם ַ ֽא ֲח ָ ֔ריו וְ ָה ָﬠ ֙ם ְמ ַח ְלּ ִ ֣לים ַבּ ֲח ִל ֔ ִלים‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ֲﬠל֤ וּ ָכ‬ 1:40

‫ְמ ַח ְלּ ִלים‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 1:40; Mal 1:12

—————————— ‫ ְמ ַח ְלּ ִלים‬twice

1 Kgs 1:40 Mal 1:12

‫מחללים ̇ב‬

Mm

‫והעם מחללים בחללים‬ [‫ואתם מחללים )אתי( ]אותו‬

And once (‫)וּמ ַח ְלּ ִלים‬: ְ Neh 13:17

‫וחד ומחללים את יום השבת‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, and the Mm additionally notes its sole occurrence with a ‫ ו‬cj. (‫)וּמ ַח ְלּ ִלים‬ ְ at Neh 13:17.

This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One is in a list of words occurring three times, twice without the ‫ ו‬cj., and once with it; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §13, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §14.

22

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

The other is in a list of doublet homonyms; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §59, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §60. Here ‫ ְמ ַח ְלּ ִלים‬means playing on flutes, whereas in Mal 1:12 it means profaning.

This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 185r, but the Mm note appears on the bottom of the preceding folio 184v. 1:40

‫ַבּ ֲח ִל ִלים‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 1:40; Jer 48:36a (‫;)כּ ֲח ִל ִלים‬ ַ 48:36b (‫)כּ ֲח ִל ִילים‬ ַ

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in various forms. Two of them are with the prep. ‫כ‬, and one is with the prep. ‫ב‬. One of them has the first ‫ י‬written plene, and two of them do not have this first ‫י‬. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena beginning with ‫ ;ב‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §215. 1:40

‫וַ ִתּ ָבּ ַקע‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Num 16:31; 1 Kgs 1:40; 2 Kgs 25:4; Jer 52:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬consec., to distinguish them from its sole occurrence without a ‫)תּ ָבּ ַקע( ו‬ ִ in Isa 59:5.

1 KINGS 1:41 ‫אמר ַמ ֥דּ ַוּ� ֽקוֹל־‬ ֶ ֹ ‫שּׁוֹפר וַ ֕יּ‬ ָ ֔ ‫ת־קוֹל ַה‬ ֣ ‫יוֹא ֙ב ֶא‬ ָ ‫שׁר ִא ֔תּוֹ וְ ֵ ֖הם ִכּלּ֣ וּ ֶל ֱא ֑כֹל וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֤מע‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ים ֲא‬ ֙ ‫ל־ה ְקּ ֻר ִא‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֣מע ֲאד ֹנִ ָ֗יּהוּ וְ ָכ‬ ‫הוֹמה׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫ַה ִקּ ְר ָי֖ה‬ 1:41 Unique

‫ל־ה ְקּ ֻר ִאים‬ ַ ‫וְ ָכ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its occurrence without a cj. (‫ל־ה ְקּ ֻר ִאים‬ ַ ‫)כּ‬ ָ in v. 49, see below.

1 KINGS 1:41

‫הוֹמה‬ ָ

Unique

23

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One is in a list of hapax legomena that start with consecutive letters of the alphabet, here ‫ ;הו‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §37, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §38. The other is in a list of hapax legomena of words that have a ‫ ה‬where a ‫ ח‬would normally appear; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §211, and Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §147.

1 KINGS 1:42 ‫הוּ ֔בּ ֹא ִ ֣כּי ִ ֥אישׁ ַ ֛חיִ ל ַ ֖א ָתּה וְ ֥טוֹב ְתּ ַב ֵ ֽשּׂר׃‬ ֙ ‫אמר ֲאד ֹנִ ָ֨יּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ן־א ְביָ ָ ֥תר ַהכּ ֵ ֹ֖הן ָ ֑בּא וַ ֤יּ‬ ֶ ‫עוֹדנּוּ ְמ ַד ֵ֔בּר וְ ִה ֵנּ֧ה יוֹנָ ָ ֛תן ֶבּ‬ ֶ֣ 1:42

‫יוֹנָ ָתן‬

Seven times

Mp

̇‫ז‬

1–5 1 Kgs 1:42; 1:43; Jer 40:8 (‫ ;)וְ יוֹנָ ָתן‬1 Chr 2:32 (‫ ;)וְ יוֹנָ ָתן‬2:33 6–7 1 Chr 10:2; 11:34

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma written without a ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (12x) with a ‫)יְ הוֹנָ ָתן( ה‬.

This enumeration does not include occurrences of this lemma in Samuel and Ezra, with some exceptions, as noted in the additional notations in the Mm at 1 Chr 2:32. 1:42

‫וְ טוֹב‬

Seventeen times

̇‫י̇ ז‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 16:12.

Mp

1 KINGS 1:43 ‫מה׃‬ ֹ ֽ �‫ת־שׁ‬ ְ ‫�־דִּ ֖וד ִה ְמ ִ ֥לי� ֶא‬ ָ ‫אמר ַל ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ֑הוּ ֲא ָ֕בל ֲאד ֵֹנ֥ינוּ ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ﬠן יוֹנָ ָ֔תן וַ ֖יּ‬ ֙ ַ ‫וַ ַ֨יּ‬ 1:43

‫יוֹנָ ָתן‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 1:42.

24

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 1:44

‫הוּ ֶבּן־יְ ֣הוֹיָ ָ ֔דע וְ ַה ְכּ ֵר ִ ֖תי וְ ַה ְפּ ֵל ִ ֑תי וַ יַּ ְר ִ ֣כּבוּ א ֹ֔תוֹ ַ ֖ﬠל‬ ֙ ‫וּבנָ ָ֨י‬ ְ ‫ת־צ ֨דוֹק ַהכּ ֵֹ֜הן וְ ֶאת־נָ ָ ֣תן ַהנָּ ִ֗ביא‬ ָ ‫וֹ־ה ֶמּ ֶל� ֶא‬ ַ ֠ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַל֣ח ִא ֽתּ‬ ‫ִפּ ְר ַ ֥דּת ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ 1:44

‫וְ ֶאת־נָ ָתן‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1:44

‫ל־פּ ְר ַדּת‬ ִ ‫ַﬠ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 1:10. Mp

1 Kgs 1:38; 1:44

1 KINGS 1:45 ‫וַ יִּ ְמ ְשׁ ֣חוּ א ֹ֡תוֹ ָצ ֣דוֹק ַהכּ ֵ ֹ֣הן וְ נָ ָתן֩ ַהנָּ ִ֨ביא ְל ֶ֜מ ֶל� ְבּגִ ֗חוֹן וַ יַּ ֲﬠל֤ וּ ִמ ָשּׁ ֙ם ְשׂ ֵמ ִ֔חים וַ ֵתּ ֖הֹם ַה ִקּ ְר ָי֑ה ֥הוּא ַה ֖קּוֹל ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר‬ ‫ְשׁ ַמ ְﬠ ֶ ֽתּם׃‬ 1:45

‫ְשׂ ֵמ ִחים‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 1:45; 8:66; Ps 126:3; 2 Chr 7:10

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a cj. at 1 Kgs 1:40 and 4:20. 1:45

‫וַ ֵתּהֹם‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 4:5.

Mp

1 KINGS

25

1 KINGS 1:46 ‫לוּכה׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫מה ַ ֖ﬠל ִכּ ֵ ֥סּא ַה ְמּ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫וְ גַ ֙ם יָ ַ ֣שׁב ְשׁ‬ 1:46

‫יָ ַשׁב‬

Fifteen times 1–5 6–10 11–15

Mp

̇‫̇הי‬

Gen 13:12a; 13:12b; 19:29; Judg 5:17; 1 Sam 27:7 1 Sam 27:11; 2 Sam 7:1; 1 Kgs 1:46; 2:12; 1 Kgs 11:16 2 Kgs 13:13; Jer 2:6; Ps 47:9; 1 Chr 5:9; 17:1

—————————— ‫ יָ ַשׁב‬fifteen times

̇‫ישב ̇הי‬

1–5

Mm

Gen 13:12a Twice in it (Gen 13:12b) Gen 19:29 Judg 5:17 1 Sam 27:7 6–10 1 Sam 27:11 2 Sam 7:1 And its companion (1 Chr 17:1) 1 Kgs 1:46 1 Kgs 2:12 11–15 2 Kgs 13:13 1 Kgs 11:16 Jer 2:6 1 Chr 5:9 Ps 47:9

‫אברם‬ ‫̇ב בו‬ ‫בשחת‬ ‫גלעד‬ ‫מספר‬ ‫ואיש ואשה‬ ‫ויהי‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫וגם ישב‬ ‫ושלמה‬ [‫)ויבבעם( ]וירבעם‬ ‫חדשים‬ ‫המעלה‬ ‫ולמזרח‬ ‫מלך אלהים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the fifteen occurrences of this lemma pointed with a paṯaḥ under the ‫שׁ‬, to distinguish them from its five occurrences pointed with a qameṣ (‫)יָ ָשׁב‬. The Mm for this lemma may also be found at 2 Sam 19:38 and at Ps 1:1 sub ‫יָ ָשׁב‬. 1:46

‫לוּכה‬ ָ ‫ַה ְמּ‬

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 10:25.

26

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 1:47

‫ת־שׁם ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ִמ ְשּׁ ֶ֔מ� ִ ֽויגַ ֵ ֥דּל‬ ֤ ֵ ‫�היך ֶא‬ ִ֜ ‫יטב ֱא‬ ֵ֨ ֵ‫מר֒ י‬ ֹ ‫ת־אד ֜ ֵֹנינוּ ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ָדּוִ ֮ד ֵלא‬ ֲ ‫ם־בּאוּ ַﬠ ְב ֵד֣י ַה ֶ֗מּ ֶל� ֠ ְל ָב ֵר� ֶא‬ ָ֜ ַ‫וְ ג‬ ‫ל־ה ִמּ ְשׁ ָ ֽכּב׃‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ ְס ֖אוֹ ִמ ִכּ ְס ֶ ֑א� וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֥תּחוּ ַה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ַﬠ‬ ִ ‫ֶא‬ 1:47

�‫ְל ָב ֵר‬

Nine times

‫̇ט‬

Com.: See Josh 8:33. 1:47

Mp

‫�היך‬ ִ ‫ֱא‬

Read ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ֱא‬

‫קר‬ ̇ ‫אלהים‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫אלהיך‬, your God), and the qərê (‫�הים‬ ִ ‫א‬, ֱ God) represent variants of equal value; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 151. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ מ‬is not written at the end of a word, nevertheless it is read; see the Mm at 1 Sam 20:38 sub ‫ה ֵח ִצי‬,ַ Frensdorff, Ochlah, §157, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §143. 1:47

‫וִ יגַ ֵדּל‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 1:37; 1:47

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the piel, to distinguish them from its two occurrences in the qal (‫ )וְ יִ גְ ַדּל‬at 2 Sam 7:26 and 1 Chr 17:24.

1 KINGS 1:48 ‫ל־כּ ְס ִ ֖אי וְ ֵﬠ ַינ֥י ר ֹֽאוֹת׃‬ ִ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ֲא ֶ֨שׁר נָ ַ ֥תן ַהיּ֛ וֹם י ֵ ֹ֥שׁב ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫הוה ֱא‬ ָ֜ ְ‫ם־כּ ָכה ָא ַ ֣מר ַה ֶ ֑מּ ֶל� ָבּ ֨רוּ� י‬ ֖ ָ ַ‫וְ ג‬ 1:48

‫וְ ֵﬠינַ י‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 1:48; Job 19:27

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous ocurrences (42x) without a cj.

1 KINGS

27

1 KINGS 1:49 ‫ל־ה ְקּ ֻר ִ֔אים ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ַל ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ֑הוּ וַ יֵּ ְל ֖כוּ ִ ֥אישׁ ְל ַד ְר ֽכּוֹ׃‬ ַ֨ ‫דוּ וַ יָּ ֻ ֔קמוּ ָכּ‬ ֙ ‫וַ יֶּ ֶֽח ְר‬ 1:49

‫ל־ה ְקּ ֻר ִאים‬ ַ ‫ָכּ‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its occurrence with a cj. (‫ל־ה ְקּ ֻר ִאים‬ ַ ‫ )וְ ָכ‬in v. 41.

1 KINGS 1:50 ‫מה וַ יָּ ֣ ָ קם וַ ֵ֔יּ ֶל� ַוֽ יַּ ֲח ֵז֖ק ְבּ ַק ְרנ֥ וֹת ַה ִמּזְ ֵ ֽבּ ַ�׃‬ ֹ ֑ �‫וַ ֲא ֣ד ֹנִ ָ֔יּהוּ יָ ֵ ֖רא ִמ ְפּ ֵנ֣י ְשׁ‬ 1:50

‫וַ יַּ ֲחזֵ ק ְבּ ַק ְרנוֹת‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 1:50; 2:28

Com.: In ML the circellus has been placed only on ‫וַ יַּ ֲחזֵ ק‬, but since this form occurs seven times it is more likely that note should be on both words ‫וַ יַּ ֲחזֵ ק ְבּ ַק ְרנוֹת‬, which only occur twice. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 1:51 ‫יּוֹם‬ ֙ ‫ע־לי ַכ‬ ֤ ִ ‫מר יִ ָ ֽשּׁ ַ ֽב‬ ֹ ֔ ‫מה ְו ִ֠הנֵּ ה ָא ַ֞חז ְבּ ַק ְרנ֤ וֹת ַה ִמּזְ ֵ֨בּ ַ ֙� ֵלא‬ ֹ ֑ �‫ת־ה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ַ ‫מר ִהנֵּ ֙ה ֲא ֣ד ֹנִ ָ֔יּהוּ יָ ֵ ֖רא ֶא‬ ֹ ֔ ‫וַ יֻּ ַגּ֤ד ִל ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ֵלא‬ ‫ת־ﬠ ְב ֖דּוֹ ֶבּ ָ ֽח ֶרב׃‬ ַ ‫מה ִאם־יָ ִ ֥מית ֶא‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ 1:51

‫וַ יֻּ גַּ ד‬

Twenty-four times

‫̇כ ̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 10:17. 1:51

‫ָא ַחז‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Mp

Exod 15:14; 1 Kgs 1:51; Job 23:9

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ under the ‫ח‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (37x) with a qameṣ (‫)א ָחז‬. ָ

28 1:51

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫יָ ִמית‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Mp

1–5 Num 35:19; 35:21; 1 Sam 5:11; 1 Kgs 1:51; 19:17a 6–8 1 Kgs 19:17b; Isa 11:4; Job 9:23 —————————— ‫ יָ ִמית‬eight times

‫ימית ̇ח‬

Mm

1–5 Num 35:19 And its companion (Num 35:21) 1 Sam 5:11

1 Kgs 19:17a 6–8 Twice in it (1 Kgs 19:17b) Job 9:23 Isa 11:4

‫גאל הדם‬ ‫וחבירו‬ [‫ולא )ימי( ]ימית[ )אותי( ]אתי‬ ‫והנמלט‬ ‫̇ב בו‬ ‫אם שוט‬ ‫שפתיו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma in the hiphil, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (68x) in the qal (‫)יָ מוּת‬.

1 KINGS 1:52 ‫א־בוֹ וָ ֵ ֽמת׃‬ ֖ ‫ם־ר ָ ֥ﬠה ִת ָמּ ֵצ‬ ָ ‫ן־חיִ ל ֽל ֹא־יִ ֹ֥פּל ִמ ַשּׂ ֲﬠ ָר ֖תוֹ ָ ֑א ְר ָצה וְ ִא‬ ַ֔ ‫מה ִ ֚אם יִ ְה ֶי֣ה ְל ֶב‬ ֹ ֔ �‫אמר ְשׁ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ 1:52 Unique

‫ִמ ַשּׂ ֲﬠ ָרתוֹ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a sfx., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without a sfx. (‫)מ ַשּׂ ֲﬠ ַרת‬ ִ at 1 Sam 14:45 and 2 Sam 14:11.

1 KINGS 1:53 ‫ית�׃ פ‬ ֽ ֶ ‫מה ֵ ֥ל� ְל ֵב‬ ֹ ֖ �‫אמר־ל֥ וֹ ְשׁ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫מה וַ ֽיּ‬ ֹ ֑ �‫הוּ ֵמ ַﬠ֣ל ַה ִמּזְ ֵ֔בּ ַ� וַ יָּ ֕ב ֹא וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֖תּחוּ ַל ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ֙ ‫מה וַ יּ ִֹר ֻ ֨ד‬ ֹ ֗ �‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ֞ ַלח ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ 1:53 Unique

‫וַ יּ ִֹר ֻדהוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a qibbûṣ under the ‫( ד‬pl.), to distinguish it from its two occurrences with a ṣerê (‫וַ יּ ִֹר ֵדהוּ‬, sg.) at 1 Sam 30:16 and 1 Kgs 17:23.

1 KINGS

29

ML, contrary to M (‫יּוֹר ֻדהוּ‬ ִ ַ‫)ו‬, writes the lemma here defective ‫ ;)וַ יּ ִֹר ֻדהוּ( ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 101. Both MC and MA read here ‫יּוֹר ֻדהוּ‬ ִ ַ‫ו‬, and both have Mp notes reading unique and plene.

1 KINGS 2:1 ‫מר׃‬ ֹ ֽ ‫מה ְבנ֖ וֹ ֵלא‬ ֹ ֥ �‫ת־שׁ‬ ְ ‫י־דִ ֖וד ָל ֑מוּת וַ יְ ַצ֛ו ֶא‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ְר ֥בוּ יְ ֵ ֽמ‬ 2:1

‫י־דוִ ד ָלמוּת‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ְרבוּ יְ ֵמ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Gen 47:29; Deut 31:14; 1 Kgs 2:1 —————————— ‫יתא‬ ָ ‫יבה ְל ִמ‬ ָ ‫ ְק ִר‬three times

Gen 47:29 Deut 31:14 1 Kgs 2:1

‫קריבה למיתא ̇ג‬

Mm

‫ויקרבו ימי ישראל‬ ‫הן קרבו ימיך‬ ‫ויקרבו ימי דוד למות‬

And once (‫)יִ ְק ְרבוּ יְ ֵמי ֵא ֶבל ָא ִבי‬: Gen 27:41

‫וחד יקרבו ימי אבל אבי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of the phrase signifying looming death, namely days approaching to die (‫ ָלמוּת‬...‫וַ יִּ ְק ְרבוּ יְ ֵמי‬/‫ ) ָק ְרבוּ‬with Jacob (Gen 47:29), Moses (Deut 31:14), and David (1 Kgs 2:1). The Masorah also notes the sole occurrence of another phrase signifying looming death, namely that of days of mourning approaching (‫ )יִ ְק ְרבוּ יְ ֵמי ֵא ֶבל‬with Isaac (Gen 27:41). The Mp and Mm headings at Gen 47:29 read twice referring to the two occurrences of the exact phrase ‫ וַ יִּ ְק ְרבוּ יְ ֵמי‬here and there.

1 KINGS

29

ML, contrary to M (‫יּוֹר ֻדהוּ‬ ִ ַ‫)ו‬, writes the lemma here defective ‫ ;)וַ יּ ִֹר ֻדהוּ( ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 101. Both MC and MA read here ‫יּוֹר ֻדהוּ‬ ִ ַ‫ו‬, and both have Mp notes reading unique and plene.

1 KINGS 2:1 ‫מר׃‬ ֹ ֽ ‫מה ְבנ֖ וֹ ֵלא‬ ֹ ֥ �‫ת־שׁ‬ ְ ‫י־דִ ֖וד ָל ֑מוּת וַ יְ ַצ֛ו ֶא‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ְר ֥בוּ יְ ֵ ֽמ‬ 2:1

‫י־דוִ ד ָלמוּת‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ְרבוּ יְ ֵמ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Gen 47:29; Deut 31:14; 1 Kgs 2:1 —————————— ‫יתא‬ ָ ‫יבה ְל ִמ‬ ָ ‫ ְק ִר‬three times

Gen 47:29 Deut 31:14 1 Kgs 2:1

‫קריבה למיתא ̇ג‬

Mm

‫ויקרבו ימי ישראל‬ ‫הן קרבו ימיך‬ ‫ויקרבו ימי דוד למות‬

And once (‫)יִ ְק ְרבוּ יְ ֵמי ֵא ֶבל ָא ִבי‬: Gen 27:41

‫וחד יקרבו ימי אבל אבי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of the phrase signifying looming death, namely days approaching to die (‫ ָלמוּת‬...‫וַ יִּ ְק ְרבוּ יְ ֵמי‬/‫ ) ָק ְרבוּ‬with Jacob (Gen 47:29), Moses (Deut 31:14), and David (1 Kgs 2:1). The Masorah also notes the sole occurrence of another phrase signifying looming death, namely that of days of mourning approaching (‫ )יִ ְק ְרבוּ יְ ֵמי ֵא ֶבל‬with Isaac (Gen 27:41). The Mp and Mm headings at Gen 47:29 read twice referring to the two occurrences of the exact phrase ‫ וַ יִּ ְק ְרבוּ יְ ֵמי‬here and there.

30

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 2:3 ‫וֹתיו ַכּ ָכּ ֖תוּב‬ ָ֔ ‫וּמ ְשׁ ָפּ ָ ֣טיו וְ ֵﬠ ְד‬ ִ ‫וֹת ֙יו‬ ָ ‫מר ֻחקּ ָ ֹ֤תיו ִמ ְצ‬ ֹ ֨ ‫�הי� ָל ֶל ֶ֤כת ִבּ ְד ָר ָכ ֙יו ִל ְשׁ‬ ֶ֗ ‫הו֣ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫ת־מ ְשׁ ֶ ֣מ ֶרת ׀ י‬ ִ ‫וְ ָשׁ ַמ ְר ָ֞תּ ֶא‬ ‫ל־א ֶ ֥שׁר ִתּ ְפ ֶנ֖ה ָ ֽשׁם׃‬ ֲ ‫שׁר ַ ֽתּ ֲﬠ ֶ֔שׂה וְ ֵ ֛את ָכּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־א‬ ֲ ‫ֹשׁה ְל ַ ֣מ ַﬠן ַתּ ְשׂ ִ֗כּיל ֵ ֚את ָכּ‬ ֑ ֶ ‫תוֹרת מ‬ ֣ ַ ‫ְבּ‬

2:3

‫וֹתיו‬ ָ ‫וּמ ְשׁ ָפּ ָטיו וְ ֵﬠ ְד‬ ִ ‫וֹתיו‬ ָ ‫ֻחקּ ָֹתיו ִמ ְצ‬ Mp

‫̇ק ̇צ ̇פ ̇ע‬

Com.: The Masorah presents these four words in the form of a mnemonic indicating the order of these four words. Each letter is part of one of the words, thus the ‫ ק‬is part of ‫חקּ ָֹתיו‬,ֻ the ‫צ‬ is part of ‫וֹתיו‬ ָ ‫מ ְצ‬, ִ the ‫ פ‬is part of ‫וּמ ְשׁ ָפּ ָטיו‬, ִ and the ‫ ע‬is part of ‫וֹתיו‬ ָ ‫וְ ֵﬠ ְד‬. The first three words are featured in a Masoretic list of three words that interchange, and whose order is represented by similar mnemonics; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §276, and Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §116. 2:3

‫וֹתיו‬ ָ ‫וְ ֵﬠ ְד‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 2:3; 2 Kgs 17:15 (‫וֹתיו‬ ָ ‫;)ﬠ ְד‬ ֵ 23:3 (‫וֹתיו‬ ָ ‫)ﬠ ְד‬ ֵ Jer 44:23 (‫וֹתיו‬ ָ ‫;)וּב ֵﬠ ְד‬ ְ 2 Chr 34:31 (‫וֹתיו‬ ָ ‫)וְ ֵﬠ ְד‬ —————————— ‫וֹתיו‬ ָ ‫ וְ ֵﬠ ְד‬five times

1–5 1 Kgs 2:3 2 Kgs 17:15 2 Kgs 23:3 Jer 44:23 2 Chr 34:31

‫ועדותיו ̇ה‬ ‫ושמרת‬ ‫וימאסו את‬ ‫ויעמד המלך‬ ‫מפני‬ ‫ויעמד‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma where the medial ‫ ו‬is considered to be a consonant, to distinguish them from its similar form at Ps 78:56 where the ‫ ו‬is just a vowel letter (‫דוֹתיו‬ ָ ‫)ﬠ‬. ֵ

‫‪1 KINGS‬‬

‫‪31‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 2:4‬‬ ‫ת־דּ ְר ָ֗כּם ָל ֶל ֶ֤כת ְל ָפנַ ֙י ֶבּ ֱא ֶ֔מת ְבּ ָכל־‬ ‫מר֒ ִאם־יִ ְשׁ ְמ ֨רוּ ָב ֜ ֶני� ֶא ַ‬ ‫ת־דּ ָב ֗רוֹ ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ִדּ ֶבּ֣ר ָﬠ ַל֮י ֵלא ֹ‬ ‫הוה ֶא ְ‬ ‫ְל ַמ ַﬠן֩ יָ ִ֨קים יְ ָ֜‬ ‫מר ֽל ֹא־יִ ָכּ ֵ ֤רת ְל ֙� ִ֔אישׁ ֵמ ַ ֖ﬠל ִכּ ֵ ֥סּא יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ‫וּב ָכל־נַ ְפ ָ ֑שׁם ֵלא ֕ ֹ‬ ‫ְל ָב ָ ֖בם ְ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ִדּ ֶבּר ָﬠ ַלי‬ ‫̇ג‬

‫‪2:4‬‬

‫‪Three times‬‬

‫‪1 Kgs 2:4; 14:2; Neh 6:12‬‬

‫‪ָ to distinguish them from its‬ﬠ ַלי ‪ִ with‬דּ ֶבּר ‪Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of‬‬ ‫‪ִ ).‬דּ ֶבּר ֵא ַלי( ֵא ַלי ‪three occurrences with‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 2:5‬‬ ‫ן־נר‬ ‫ֽי־שׂ ֵ ֣רי ִצ ְב ֣אוֹת ִי ְ֠שׂ ָר ֵאל ְל ַא ְב ֨ ֵנר ֶבּ ֜ ֵ‬ ‫שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֣שׂה ִל ְשׁ ֵנ ָ‬ ‫רוּיה ֲא ֶ ֣‬ ‫ן־צ ָ֗‬ ‫יוֹאב ֶבּ ְ‬ ‫ר־ﬠ ָשׂה ֜ ִלי ָ ֣‬ ‫וְ ַג֣ם ַא ָ ֣תּה יָ ַ ֡ד ְﬠ ָתּ ֵא ֩ת ֲא ֶשׁ ֨ ָ‬ ‫שׁר ְבּ ָמ ְת ֔ ָניו וּֽ ְבנַ ֲﬠל֖ וֹ‬ ‫תוֹ ֲא ֶ ֣‬ ‫י־מ ְל ָח ָ ֖מה ְבּ ָשׁ�֑ ם וַ יִּ ֵ֞תּן ְדּ ֵ ֣מי ִמ ְל ָח ָ֗מה ַבּ ֲח ֹֽג ָר ֙‬ ‫ן־י ֶת ֙ר וַ יַּ ַ֣ה ְר ֔ ֵגם וַ יָּ ֶ֥שׂם ְדּ ֵ ֽמ ִ‬ ‫וְ ַל ֲﬠ ָמ ָ ֤שׂא ֶב ֶ֨‬ ‫ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ְבּ ַרגְ ָ ֽליו׃‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫אַתּה‬ ‫וְ גַ ם ָ‬ ‫̇ג‬

‫‪2:5‬‬

‫‪Three times‬‬

‫‪Gen 21:26; 1 Kgs 2:5; Zech 3:7‬‬

‫‪ cj., to distinguish them‬ו ‪Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a‬‬ ‫‪from its more numerous occurrences (16x) without a cj.‬‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ִצ ְבאוֹת‬ ‫̇ג‬

‫‪2:5‬‬

‫‪Three times‬‬

‫‪Exod 12:41; 1 Kgs 2:5; Jer 3:19‬‬ ‫‪Mm‬‬

‫——————————‬

‫צבאות ̇ג וסימנהון‬

‫‪ִ three times, and their references‬צ ְבאוֹת‬

‫יצאו כל צבאות יהוה‬ ‫אשר עשה לשני שרי צבאות‬ ‫נחלת צבי צבאות גוים‬

‫‪Exod 12:41‬‬ ‫‪1 Kgs 2:5‬‬ ‫‪Jer 3:19‬‬

32

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in the cstr., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (200+) in the absol. (‫)צ ָבאוֹת‬. ְ 2:5

Twice

‫וְ ַל ֲﬠ ָמ ָשׂא‬ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 19:14. 2:5

‫ְבּ ָשׁ�ם‬

Eight times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ח‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 37:4 (‫;)ל ָשׁ�ם‬ ְ 1 Sam 16:4 (‫;)שׁ�ם‬ ָ 1 Kgs 2:5; 2:6; 5:26 (‫)שׁ�ם‬ ָ 6–8 Jer 15:5 (‫;)ל ָשׁ�ם‬ ְ Ezek 13:16a (‫;)שׁ�ם‬ ָ 13:6b (‫)שׁ�ם‬ ָ ——————————

‫ ְבּ ָשׁ�ם‬eight times defective, and their references 1–5 Gen 37:4 Jer 15:5 1 Sam 16:4 {1 Kgs 1:49} 1 Kgs 2:5 1 Kgs 2:6 6–8 1 Kgs 5:26 Ezek 13:16a Twice in the verse (Ezek 13:6b)

‫חס וסימנהון‬ ̇ ‫בשלם ̇ח‬

Mm

[‫דברו )לשלום( ]לשלם‬ ‫ומי יסור לשאל‬ ‫ויחרדו‬ {‫}ויקמו כל‬ ‫וגם אתה ידעת‬ ‫ועשית בחכמתך‬ ‫ויהוה נתן חכמה‬ ‫נביאי ישראל‬ ̇‫שנים בפסו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma in various forms written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (300+) in various forms written plene ‫)שׁלוֹם( ו‬. ָ

After the catchword for the 1 Sam 16:4 reference there is an addition of two catchwords from 1 Kgs 1:49, a verse which starts with the same word ‫וַ יֶּ ֶח ְרדוּ‬, which was used as the catchword for 1 Sam 16:4. 2:5

Unique

‫וּבנַ ֲﬠלוֹ‬ ְ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫‪1 KINGS‬‬

‫‪33‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 2:6‬‬ ‫אל׃ ס‬ ‫יב ֛תוֹ ְבּ ָשׁ�֖ ם ְשׁ ֽ ֹ‬ ‫א־תוֹרד ֵשׂ ָ‬ ‫ֵ֧‬ ‫ית ְכּ ָח ְכ ָמ ֶ ֑ת� וְ ֽל ֹ‬ ‫וְ ָﬠ ִ ֖שׂ ָ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪2:6‬‬

‫ְשׁאֹל‬

‫חס‬ ‫̇ב ̇‬

‫‪Twice defective‬‬

‫‪1 Kgs 2:6; Job 17:16‬‬

‫‪, to distin‬ו ‪Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective‬‬‫‪).‬שׁאוֹל( ו ‪guish them from its more numerous occurrences (38x) written plene‬‬ ‫ְ‬

‫‪1 KINGS 2:7‬‬ ‫י־כן ָק ְר ֣בוּ ֵא ֔ ַלי ְבּ ָב ְר ִ֕חי ִמ ְפּ ֵנ֖י ַא ְב ָשׁל֥ וֹם ָא ִ ֽחי�׃‬ ‫ה־ח ֶסד וְ ָהי֖ וּ ְבּא ְֹכ ֵל֣י ֻשׁ ְל ָח ֶנ֑ � ִכּ ֵ ֙‬ ‫וְ ִל ְב ֨ ֵני ַב ְרזִ ַלּ֤י ַהגִּ ְל ָﬠ ִ ֙די ַ ֽתּ ֲﬠ ֶשׂ ֶ֔‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪2:7‬‬

‫ְבּ ָב ְר ִחי‬ ‫̇ל‬

‫‪Unique‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 2:8‬‬ ‫ם וְ ֤הוּא ִ ֽק ְל ֨ ַלנִ ֙י ְק ָל ָל֣ה נִ ְמ ֶ ֔ר ֶצת ְבּי֖ וֹם ֶל ְכ ִ ֣תּי ַמ ֲח ָנ֑ יִ ם וְ ֽהוּא־יָ ַ ֤רד‬ ‫ן־היְ ִמינִ ֮י ִמ ַבּ ֻח ִרי ֒‬ ‫וְ ִה ֵנּ֣ה ִ֠ﬠ ְמּ� ִ ֽשׁ ְמ ֨ ִﬠי ֶבן־גֵּ ָ ֥רא ֶב ַ‬ ‫ית�֖ ֶבּ ָ ֽח ֶרב׃‬ ‫ם־א ִ ֽמ ְ‬ ‫מר ִא ֲ‬ ‫את֙י ַהיַּ ְר ֵ ֔דּן וָ ֶא ָ֨שּׁ ַ ֽבע ל֤ וֹ ַ ֽביהוָ ֙ה ֵלא ֔ ֹ‬ ‫ִל ְק ָר ִ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪2:8‬‬

‫וְ ִהנֵּ ה‬

‫בסיפ‬ ‫̇‬ ‫ראש פסוק‬ ‫̇‬ ‫̇ה‬

‫‪Five times at the beginning of a verse in the book‬‬ ‫‪Com.: See 1 Kgs 1:22.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 2:9‬‬ ‫יב ֛תוֹ ְבּ ָ ֖דם ְשׁ ֽאוֹל׃‬ ‫ת־שׂ ָ‬ ‫הוֹר ְד ָ ֧תּ ֶא ֵ‬ ‫ה־לּוֹ וְ ַ‬ ‫שׁר ַ ֽתּ ֲﬠ ֶשׂ ֔‬ ‫ל־תּנַ ֵ ֔קּהוּ ִ ֛כּי ִ ֥אישׁ ָח ָ ֖כם ָ ֑א ָתּה וְ ָי ַֽ ד ְﬠ ָ֙תּ ֵ ֣את ֲא ֶ ֣‬ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָתּ ֙ה ַא ְ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ְתּנַ ֵקּהוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

‫‪2:9‬‬ ‫‪Unique‬‬

34

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 2:11 ‫�שׁים‬ ֥ ִ ‫ירוּשׁ ַל֣� ָמ ֔ ַל� ְשׁ‬ ָ ‫וּב‬ ִ ‫שׁ ַבע ָשׁ ֔ ִנים‬ ֣ ֶ �֙ ‫וְ ַהיָּ ִ֗מים ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ָמ ַל֤� ָדּוִ ֙ד ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ַא ְר ָבּ ִ ֖ﬠים ָשׁ ָנ֑ה ְבּ ֶח ְב ֤רוֹן ָמ ַל‬ ‫וְ ָשׁ�֖ שׁ ָשׁ ִ ֽנים׃‬

2:11

‫ירוּשׁ ַלם‬ ָ ‫וּב‬ ִ

Twenty-one times

Mp

‫̇כ ̇א‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 5:5.

1 KINGS 2:12 ‫אד׃‬ ֹ ֽ ‫ל־כּ ֵ ֖סּא ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ ֑ביו וַ ִתּ ֥כֹּן ַמ ְל ֻכ ֖תוֹ ְמ‬ ִ ‫מה יָ ַ֕שׁב ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֕ �‫וּשׁ‬ ְ 2:12

‫יָ ַשׁב‬

Fifteen times

̇‫̇הי‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 1:46. 2:12

Mp

‫ַמ ְל ֻכתוֹ‬

Three times defective

Mp

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Num 24:7; 1 Kgs 2:12; Jer 52:31

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written defective first ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (20x) written plene first ‫)מ ְלכוּתוֹ( ו‬. ַ

1 KINGS 2:14 ‫אמר ַדּ ֵ ֽבּר׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫אמר ָדּ ָ ֥בר ִ ֖לי ֵא ָל֑יִ � וַ ֖תּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֕יּ‬ 2:14

� ִ‫ֵא ָלי‬

Twenty-nine times

‫̇כ ̇ט‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 28:8.

Mp

1 KINGS

35

1 KINGS 2:15 ‫לוּכ ֙ה וַ ְתּ ִ ֣הי ְל ָא ִ֔חי ִ ֥כּי‬ ָ ‫יהם ִל ְמ�֑ � וַ ִתּ ֤סֹּב ַה ְמּ‬ ֖ ֶ ֵ‫לוּכה וְ ָﬠ ֞ ַלי ָ ֧שׂמוּ ָ ֽכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֛אל ְפּנ‬ ָ֔ ‫י־לי ָהיְ ָ ֣תה ַה ְמּ‬ ֙ ִ ‫אמר ַ ֤א ְתּ יָ ַ ֨ד ַﬠ ְ֙תּ ִכּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֗יּ‬ ‫הו֖ה ָ ֥היְ ָתה ֽלּוֹ׃‬ ָ ְ‫ֵמי‬ 2:15

‫לוּכה‬ ָ ‫ ַה ְמּ‬1

Twenty times

Mp

‫̇כ‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 10:25. 2:15

‫וְ ָﬠ ַלי‬

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 15:4. 2:15

��‫ִל ְמ‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 2:15; 6:1; Qoh 4:14

——————————

��‫ ִל ְמ‬three times and defective 1 Kgs 2:15 1 Kgs 6:1 Qoh 4:14

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫למלך ̇ג‬

‫פניהם למלך ותסב‬ ‫ויהי בשמונים שנה וארבע מאות‬ ‫כי מבית הסורים יצא למלך‬

Mm

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs three times and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬. 2:15

‫לוּכה‬ ָ ‫ ַה ְמּ‬2

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 10:25.

36

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 2:16 ‫אמר ֵא ָל֖יו ַדּ ֵ ֽבּר׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ת־פּ ָנ֑י וַ ֥תּ‬ ָ ‫ל־תּ ִ ֖שׁ ִבי ֶא‬ ָ ‫ֹכי שׁ ֵ ֹ֣אל ֵ ֽמ ִא ָ֔תּ� ַא‬ ֙ ִ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָ֗תּה ְשׁ ֵא ָל֤ה ַא ַח ֙ת ָ ֽאנ‬

2:16

�‫שׁ ֵֹאל ֵמ ִא ָתּ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

2 Sam 3:13 (�‫;)מ ִא ְתּ‬ ֵ 1 Kgs 2:16; 2:20 (‫)שׁ ֹ ֶא ֶלת‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of the ptcp. ‫שׁ ֹ ֶא ֶלת‬/‫ שׁ ֵֹאל‬with �‫ ֵמ ִא ְתּ‬/�‫ ֵמ ִא ָתּ‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with �‫ ֵמ ִﬠ ָמּ‬at Deut 10:12 (�‫)שׁ ֵֹאל ֵמ ִﬠ ָמּ‬. 2:16

Five times

�‫ֵמ ִא ָתּ‬

Mp

‫̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 2:16; 2:20; 18:12; 2 Kgs 2:10; Prov 30:7 —————————— �‫ ֵמ ִא ָתּ‬five times

1–5 1 Kgs 2:16 1 Kgs 2:20 1 Kgs 18:12 2 Kgs 2:10 Prov 30:7

‫מאתך ̇ה‬

Mm

‫ועתה שאלה אחת אנכי‬ ‫ותאמר שאלה אחת‬ ‫והיה אני אלך מאתך‬ ‫ויאמר הקשית לשאול אם‬ ‫שתים שאלתי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma written with a qameṣ signifying both masc. (1 Kgs 18:12, 2 Kgs 2:10, and Prov 30:7) and fem. subjects (1 Kgs 2:16 and 2:20), to distinguish them from masc. occurrences of this form written as �‫( ֵמ ִא ְתּ‬2 Sam 3:13 and Ps 22:26), and fem. occurrences written as �‫( ֵמ ִא ֵתּ‬Isa 54:10). 2:16

‫ָתּ ִשׁ ִבי‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective first ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene first ‫י‬.

1 KINGS

37

1 KINGS 2:17 ‫ישׁג ַהשּׁוּנַ ִ ֖מּית ְל ִא ָ ֽשּׁה׃‬ ֥ ַ ‫ת־א ִב‬ ֲ ‫ן־לי ֶא‬ ֛ ִ ‫ת־פּ ָנ֑ יִ � וְ יִ ֶתּ‬ ָ ‫מה ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ִ ֥כּי ֽל ֹא־יָ ִ ֖שׁיב ֶא‬ ֹ ֣ �‫אמר ִא ְמ ִרי־נָ ֙א ִל ְשׁ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֗יּ‬ 2:17

‫ִא ְמ ִרי־נָ א‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 12:13; 1 Kgs 2:17

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the fem., to distinguish them from its five occurrences in the masc. (‫)א ָמר־נָ א‬. ֱ 2:17

�‫ִל ְשׁ�מֹה ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 2:17; 1 Chr 29:24 (�‫;)שׁ�מֹה ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬ ְ 2 Chr 10:2 (�‫)שׁ�מֹה ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬ ְ —————————— �‫ ִל ְשׁ�מֹה ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬three times 1 Kgs 2:17 1 Chr 29;24 2 Chr 10:2

‫לשלמה המלך ̇ג‬

‫אמרי נא לשלמה המלך‬ ‫נתנו יד תחת‬ ‫אשר ברח מפני‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of �‫ ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬following the name of Solomon, to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (56x) where �‫ ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬precedes the name of Solomon (‫) ַה ֶמּ ֶל� ְשׁ�מֹה‬. 2:17

‫יָ ִשׁיב‬

Twenty-four times

‫̇כ ̇ד‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 22:21. 2:17

� ִ‫ָפּנָ י‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 25:35.

Mp

38 2:17

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וְ יִ ֶתּן‬

Thirteen times

Mp

‫י̇ ̇ג‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 2:10.

1 KINGS 2:18 ‫ל־ה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ַ ‫ת־שׁ ַבע ֑טוֹב ָאנ ִֹ֕כי ֲא ַד ֵ ֥בּר ָﬠ ֶל֖י� ֶא‬ ֖ ֶ ‫אמר ַבּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֥תּ‬ 2:18

�‫ל־ה ֶמּ ֶל‬ ַ ‫ ֶא‬...‫טוֹב‬

�‫ל־ה ֶמּ ֶל‬ ַ ‫ טוֹב ֶא‬three times

‫טוב אל המלך ̇ג‬

Mm

1 Kgs 2:18 ‫ותאמר בת שבע טוב‬

2 Chr 18:12 ‫והמלאך אשר הלך לקרא למיכיהו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of ‫ טוֹב‬used with �‫ל־ה ֶמּ ֶל‬ ַ ‫ ֶא‬favorable to the king. However, in this particular verse, ‫ טוֹב‬is not semantically connected with �‫ל־ה ֶמּ ֶל‬ ַ ‫א‬, ֶ but is an adverb meaning very well.

1 KINGS 2:19 ‫אתהּ וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֣תּחוּ ֗ ָלהּ וַ ֵ֨יּ ֶשׁ ֙ב ַﬠל־‬ ָ֜ ‫ל־אד ֹנִ יָּ ֑הוּ וַ יָּ ָק ֩ם ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל� ִל ְק ָר‬ ֲ ‫מה ְל ַד ֶבּר־ל֖ וֹ ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ל־ה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ַ ‫ת־שׁ ַב ֙ע ֶא‬ ֶ֨ ‫וַ ָתּ ֤ב ֹא ַב‬ ‫ימינֽ וֹ׃‬ ִ ‫ִכּ ְס ֔אוֹ וַ יָּ ֶ֤שׂם ִכּ ֵסּ ֙א ְל ֵ ֣אם ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� וַ ֵ ֖תּ ֶשׁב ִ ֽל‬ 2:19 Unique

‫ל־אד ֹנִ יָּ הוּ‬ ֲ ‫ַﬠ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This form is featured in a Masoretic list of words that only occur once preceded by the prep. ‫;ﬠל‬ ַ see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §76. 2:19

Unique

�‫ְל ֵאם ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence �‫ ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬with ‫ל ֵאם‬,ְ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ֵאם ַה ֶמּ ֶל�( ֵאם‬at 2 Kgs 24:15.

1 KINGS 2:19

‫וַ ֵתּ ֶשׁב‬

Twelve times 1–5 6–10 11–12

39

Mp

‫י̇ ̇ב‬

Gen 21:16a; 21:16b; 31:34; 38:11; 38:14 Gen 49:24; Josh 6:25; 1 Sam 1:23; 2 Sam 13:20; 1 Kgs 2:19 Ruth 2:14; 2:23

—————————— ‫ וַ ֵתּ ֶשׁב‬twelve times

1–5

‫ותשב י̇ ̇ב‬

Gen 21:16a Twice in it (Gen 21:16b) Gen 31:34 Gen 38:11 Gen 38:14 6–10 Gen 49:24 Josh 6:25 1 Sam 1:23 2 Sam 13:20 1 Kgs 2:19 11–12 Ruth 2:23 Ruth 2:14

Mm ‫ותלך ותשב‬ ‫̇ב בו‬ ‫ותשמם‬ ‫ותלך תמר‬ ‫תמנתה‬ ‫ותשב באיתן‬ ‫כי החביאה‬ ‫ותינק‬ [‫)ושוממה( ]ושממה‬ [‫)לימנו( ]לימינו‬ ‫חמותה‬ ‫הקוצרים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the twelve occurrences of this lemma from the verb ‫יָ ַשׁב‬, possibly to distinguish them from the fifteen occurrences of this lemma pointed as ‫( וַ ָתּ ָשׁב‬from the verb ‫ ;)שׁוּב‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §3F.

1 KINGS 2:20 ‫ר־ל֤הּ ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ַשׁ ֲא ִ ֣לי ִא ִ֔מּי ִ ֥כּי ֽל ֹא־‬ ָ ‫אמ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ת־פּ ָנ֑י וַ ֽיּ‬ ָ ‫ל־תּ ֶשׁב ֶא‬ ֖ ָ ‫ֹכי שׁ ֶ ֹ֣א ֶלת ֵ ֽמ ִא ָ֔תּ� ַא‬ ֙ ִ ‫אמר ְשׁ ֵא ֨ ָלה ַא ַ ֤חת ְק ַטנָּ ֙ה ָ ֽאנ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֗תּ‬ ‫ת־פּ ָנֽ יִ �׃‬ ָ ‫ָא ִ ֖שׁיב ֶא‬ 2:20

�‫שׁ ֶֹא ֶלת ֵמ ִא ָתּ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 2:16.

40 2:20

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML �‫ֵמ ִא ָתּ‬

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See above at 1 Kgs 2:16. 2:20

� ִ‫ָפּנָ י‬

Eight times

Mp

‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 25:35.

1 KINGS 2:21 ‫ישׁג ַה ֻשּׁנַ ִ ֑מּית ַל ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ֥הוּ ָא ִ ֖חי� ְל ִא ָ ֽשּׁה׃‬ ֣ ַ ‫ת־א ִב‬ ֲ ‫אמר יֻ ַ ֖תּן ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֕תּ‬ 2:21

‫יֻ ַתּן‬

Seven times

Mp

̇‫ז‬

1–5 Lev 11:38; Num 26:54; 32:5; 2 Sam 21:6 (qərê); 1 Kgs 2:21 6–7 2 Kgs 5:17; Job 28:5 ——————————

‫ יֻ ַתּן‬seven times

1–5 Lev 11:38 Num 26:54 Num 32:5 2 Sam 21:6 1 Kgs 2:21 6–7 2 Kgs 5:17 Job 28:15

̇‫יתן ז‬

Mm

‫זרע‬ ‫לרב‬ ‫מצאנו‬ ‫לנו‬ ‫אבישג‬ ‫ויאמר נעמן‬ ‫סגור‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma written as a qal passive, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) as a qal impf. (‫)יִ ֵתּן‬. 2:21

‫ַה ֻשּׁנַ ִמּית‬

Three times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 2:21; 2:22; 2 Kgs 4:36 ——————————

Mp

1 KINGS ‫ ַה ֻשּׁנַ ִמּית‬three times defective ‫ו‬, and their references

‫השנמית ̇ג חסירין וו̇ וסימנהון‬

41 Mm

1 Kgs 2:21 ‫ותאמר‬ 1 Kgs 2:22 ‫ויען‬ 2 Kgs 4:36 ‫ויקרא‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences written plene ‫ ו‬as ‫השּׁוּנַ ִמּית‬.ַ

1 KINGS 2:22 ‫לוּכה‬ ָ֔ ‫ת־ה ְמּ‬ ַ ‫י־לוֹ ֶא‬ ֙ ‫ית ַל ֲא ֣ד ֹנִ ָ֔יּהוּ וְ ַ ֽשׁ ֲא ִל‬ ֙ ‫ישׁג ַה ֻשּׁנַ ִמּ‬ ֤ ַ ‫ת־א ִב‬ ֲ ‫אמר ְל ִא ֗מּוֹ וְ ָל ָמ ֩ה ַ֨א ְתּ שׁ ֶֹ֜א ֶלת ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫מה וַ ֣יּ‬ ֹ ֜ �‫וַ יַּ ַﬠן֩ ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ‫רוּיֽה׃ פ‬ ָ ‫ן־צ‬ ְ ‫יוֹאב ֶבּ‬ ֖ ָ ‫וּל‬ ְ ‫וּל ֶא ְביָ ָ ֣תר ַהכּ ֵֹ֔הן‬ ְ ‫ִ ֛כּי ֥הוּא ָא ִ ֖חי ַהגָּ ֣דוֹל ִמ ֶ ֑מּנִּ י וְ ֙לוֹ‬ 2:22

‫ַה ֻשּׁנַ ִמּית‬

Three times defective

Com.: See directly above. 2:22

‫לוּכה‬ ָ ‫ַה ְמּ‬

Twenty times

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

Mp

‫̇כ‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 10:25. 2:22

‫יוֹאב‬ ָ ‫וּל‬ ְ

Twice, once plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 1:19.

Mp

1 KINGS 2:23 ‫ת־ה ָדּ ָ ֖בר‬ ַ ‫יוֹסיף ִ ֣כּי ְבנַ ְפ ֔שׁוֹ ִדּ ֶבּ ֙ר ֲא ֣ד ֹנִ ָ֔יּהוּ ֶא‬ ִ֔ ‫ים וְ ֣כֹה‬ ֙ ‫�ה‬ ִ ‫ה־לּי ֱא‬ ֤ ִ ‫מר ֣כֹּה ַי ֲֽﬠ ֶשׂ‬ ֹ ֑ ‫יהו֖ה ֵלא‬ ָ ‫מה ַ ֽבּ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫וַ יִּ ָשּׁ ַב ֙ע ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ‫ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ 2:23

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ִלּי ֱא‬

Eleven times

‫י̇ ̇א‬

Com.: See Judg 1:7

Mp

42

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 2:24

‫יוּמת‬ ֖ ַ ‫שׁר ִדּ ֵבּ֑ר ִ ֣כּי ַהיּ֔ וֹם‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ה־לי ַ ֖בּיִ ת ַכּ ֲא‬ ֛ ִ ‫ל־כּ ֵסּ ֙א ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ֔בי וַ ֲא ֶ ֧שׁר ָ ֽﬠ ָשׂ‬ ִ ‫יבינִ ֙י ַﬠ‬ ַ֙ ‫יּוֹשׁ‬ ִ ַ‫שׁר ֱה ִכ ֗ ַיננִ י ו‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָ֗תּה ַחי־יְ הוָ ֙ה ֲא‬ ‫ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ֽהוּ׃‬ 2:24 Unique 2:24

‫ֱה ִכינַ נִ י‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫יבינִ י‬ ַ ‫יּוֹשׁ‬ ִ ַ‫ו‬

Read ‫יבנִ י‬ ֵ ‫יּוֹשׁ‬ ִ ַ‫ו‬

Mp

‫קר‬ ̇ ‫ויושׁיבני‬

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ )ויושיביני‬and the qərê (‫יבנִ י‬ ֵ ‫יּוֹשׁ‬ ִ ַ‫ )ו‬represent variations in verbal forms; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 136. In ML this lemma has no circellus.

1 KINGS 2:26 ‫את‬ ָ ‫ית� ִ ֽכּי־נָ ָ֜שׂ‬ ֶ֗ ‫וּביּ֨ וֹם ַה ֶ֜זּה ֣ל ֹא ֲא ִמ‬ ַ ‫ל־שׂ ֶ ֔די� ִ ֛כּי ִ ֥אישׁ ָ ֖מוֶ ת ָ ֑א ָתּה‬ ָ ‫וּל ֶא ְביָ ָ֨תר ַהכּ ֵֹ֜הן ָא ַ ֣מר ַה ֶ֗מּ ֶל� ֲﬠנָ ת ֹ֙ת ֵל֣� ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫ר־ה ְת ַﬠ ָנּ֖ה ָא ִ ֽבי׃‬ ִ ‫ית ְבּ ֥כֹל ֲא ֶ ֽשׁ‬ ָ ‫ת־א ֨רוֹן ֲאד ָֹנ֤י יְ הוִֹ ֙ה ִל ְפנֵ ֙י ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ֔בי וְ ִ ֣כי ִה ְת ַﬠ ֔ ִנּ‬ ֲ ‫ֶא‬ 2:26

‫ֲﬠנָ תֹת‬

Unique defective

Mp

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (9x) written plene ‫)ﬠנָ תוֹת( ו‬. ֲ 2:26

�‫ָשׂ ֶדי‬

Unique plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written plene ‫י‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (5x) written defective ‫ ָשׂ ְד�( י‬/�‫) ָשׂ ֶד‬. 2:26

Five times

‫את‬ ָ ‫נָ ָשׂ‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

Num 14:19 (‫אתה‬ ָ ‫ ;)נָ ָשׂ‬1 Kgs 2:26; Ps 32:5; 85:3; Neh 9:15

1 KINGS

43

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma, one written with a pleonastic ‫ה‬ (Num 14:19), and four written without this extra ‫ה‬.

The Mp heading at Num 14:19 reads unique plene (‫ )ה‬noting the sole occurrence of its particular form. 2:26

Unique

‫ת־ארוֹן ֲאד ֹנָ י‬ ֲ ‫ֶא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the phrase ‫ת־ארוֹן‬ ֲ ‫ ֶא‬with ‫אד ֹנָ י‬, ֲ to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (16x) with ‫ת־ארוֹן יְ הוָ ה( יְ הוָ ה‬ ֲ ‫) ֶא‬. 2:26

Unique 2:26

Unique

‫ית‬ ָ ִ‫ִה ְת ַﬠנּ‬ ‫̇ל‬ ‫ִה ְת ַﬠנָּ ה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp Mp

1 KINGS 2:28 ‫הוה‬ ָ֔ ְ‫א ֶהל י‬ ֹ ֣ ‫יוֹא ֙ב ֶאל־‬ ָ ‫יוֹאב נָ ָט ֙ה ַא ֲח ֵ ֣רי ֲאד ֹנִ ָ֔יּה וְ ַא ֲח ֵ ֥רי ַא ְב ָשׁל֖ וֹם ֣ל ֹא נָ ָ ֑טה וַ יָּ ֤נָ ס‬ ָ֗ ‫ד־יוֹאב ִ ֣כּי‬ ָ֔ ‫וְ ַה ְשּׁ ֻמ ָﬠ ֙ה ָבּ ָ֣אה ַﬠ‬ ‫ַוֽ יַּ ֲח ֵז֖ק ְבּ ַק ְרנ֥ וֹת ַה ִמּזְ ֵ ֽבּ ַ�׃‬ 2:28

‫וְ ַה ְשּׁ ֻמ ָﬠה‬

Five times defective

Com.: See 1 Sam 2:24. 2:28

Unique

‫ד־יוֹאב‬ ָ ‫ַﬠ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of four cases of two similar words or phrases where one is preceded by ‫( ַﬠד‬here) and the other by ‫ ַﬠל‬1 Chr 21:4); see the Mm at Josh 13:16 sub ‫ל־מ ְיד ָבא‬ ֵ ‫ﬠ‬, ַ and Frensdorff, Ochlah, §218.

44 2:28

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ֲאד ֹנִ יָּ ה‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 3:4. 2:28

‫לֹא נָ ָטה‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its occurrence with a cj. (‫ )וְ לֹא נָ ָטה‬at 2 Sam 2:19. 2:28

‫וַ יַּ ֲחזֵ ק ְבּ ַק ְרנוֹת‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 1:50; 2:28

1 KINGS 2:29 ‫ת־בּנָ ָי֧הוּ ֶבן־יְ הוֹיָ ָ ֛דע‬ ְ ‫מה ֶא‬ ֹ ֜ �‫הוה וְ ִה ֵנּ֖ה ֵ ֣א ֶצל ַה ִמּזְ ֵבּ ַ֑� וַ יִּ ְשׁ ֨ ַלח ְשׁ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫א ֶהל י‬ ֹ ֣ ‫יוֹא ֙ב ֶאל־‬ ָ ‫מה ִ ֣כּי ָנ֤ס‬ ֹ ֗ �‫וַ יֻּ ֞ ַגּד ַל ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ‫ע־בּוֹ׃‬ ֽ ַ‫מר ֵ ֥ל� ְפּג‬ ֹ ֖ ‫ֵלא‬ 2:29

‫וַ יֻּ גַּ ד‬

Twenty-four times

‫̇כ ̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 10:17.

Mp

1 KINGS 2:30 ‫אמר ׀ ֖ל ֹא ִ ֣כּי ֹ֣פה ָא ֑מוּת וַ ָ֨יּ ֶשׁב ְבּנָ ָי֤הוּ ֶאת־‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ה־א ַ ֤מר ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ֵ֔צא וַ ֥יּ‬ ָ ֹ‫אמר ֵא ֜ ָליו ֽכּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫הוה וַ ֨יּ‬ ָ֗ ְ‫א ֶהל י‬ ֹ ֣ ‫וַ יָּ ֨ב ֹא ְבנָ ָ֜יהוּ ֶאל־‬ ‫יוֹאב וְ ֥כֹה ָﬠ ָנֽנִ י׃‬ ֖ ָ ‫ה־ד ֶ ֥בּר‬ ִ ֹ‫מר ֽכּ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ָדּ ָ ֣בר ֵלא‬ 2:30

‫וַ יָּ ֶשׁב‬

Twenty-five times

‫̇כ ̇ה‬

Com.: See Judg 17:3.

Mp

1 KINGS

45

1 KINGS 2:31 ‫וּמ ַ ֖ﬠל‬ ֵ ‫יוֹאב ֵמ ָﬠ ֕ ַלי‬ ָ֔ �֣‫וּק ַב ְר ֑תּוֹ וַ ֲה ִסי ֣ר ֹ ָת ׀ ְדּ ֵ ֣מי ִח ֗ ָנּם ֲא ֶשׁ ֙ר ָשׁ ַפ‬ ְ ‫ע־בּוֹ‬ ֖ ַ‫וּפג‬ ְ ‫שׁר ִדּ ֶ֔בּר‬ ֣ ֶ ‫אמר ל֣ וֹ ַה ֶ֗מּ ֶל� ֲﬠ ֵשׂ ֙ה ַכּ ֲא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֧יּ‬ ‫ֵ ֥בּית ָא ִ ֽבי׃‬ 2:31 Unique 2:31

Unique

‫וּק ַב ְרתּוֹ‬ ְ ‫̇ל‬ ‫וַ ֲה ִסיר ָֹת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp Mp

1 KINGS 2:32 ‫ֽי־אנָ ִשׁים ַצ ִדּ ִ֨קים וְ ט ִ ֹ֤בים ִמ ֶ֨מּ ֙נּוּ וַ יַּ ַה ְר ֵג֣ם ַבּ ֶ֔ח ֶרב וְ ָא ִ ֥בי ָדִ ֖וד‬ ֲ ֠ ‫שׁר ָפּ ַג֣ע ִבּ ְשׁ ֵנ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫אשׁוֹ ֲא‬ ֗ ֹ ‫ת־דּ ֜מוֹ ַﬠל־ר‬ ָ ‫הוה ֶא‬ ָ֨ ְ‫וְ ֵה ִשׁיב֩ י‬ ‫הוּדה׃‬ ֽ ָ ְ‫ר־צ ָ ֥בא י‬ ְ ‫ן־י ֶ֖תר ַשׂ‬ ֶ ‫ת־ﬠ ָמ ָ ֥שׂא ֶב‬ ֲ ‫ר־צ ָ ֣בא יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וְ ֶא‬ ְ ‫ת־א ְב ֵנ֤ר ֶבּן־נֵ ֙ר ַשׂ‬ ַ ‫֣ל ֹא יָ ָ ֑דע ֶא‬ 2:32 Unique

‫ָדּמוֹ ַﬠל־רֹאשׁוֹ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with 3rd masc. sg. sfxs., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with 2nd sg. sfxs. (�‫ֹאשׁ‬ ֶ ‫ ) ָדּ ְמ� ַﬠל־ר‬at 2 Sam 1:16. 2:32

‫ַצ ִדּ ִקים‬

Three times defective in the Prophets

‫בנביא‬ ̇ ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 2:32; 2 Kgs 10:9; Hos 14:10 (‫)וְ ַצ ִדּ ִקים‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in the Prophets that are written defective first ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences in the Prophets that are written plene first ‫יקים( י‬ ִ ‫)צ ִדּ‬ ַ at Isa 5:23 and 60:21. 2:32

‫וְ ָא ִבי‬

‫ וְ ָא ִבי‬twice, and their references

1 Sam 24:12 1 Kgs 2:32

‫ואבי ̇ב וסימנהון‬

‫ואבי ראה גם ראה את כנף‬ ‫ואבי דוד לא ידע את אבנר‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a 1st pers. sfx., to distinguish them from its four occurrences as a cstr. (‫)וַ ֲא ִבי‬.

46

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

2:32

‫ת־ﬠ ָמ ָשׂא‬ ֲ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

2 Sam 17:25; 1 Kgs 2:32

——————————

‫ת־ﬠ ָמ ָשׂא‬ ֲ ‫ וְ ֶא‬twice, and their references 2 Sam 17:25 1 Kgs 2:32

‫ואת עמשא ̇ב וסימנהון‬

Mm

[‫ואת עמשא שם )אבשלום( ]אבשלם‬ ‫ואת עמשא בן יתר‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its two occurrences without a cj. at 2 Sam 20:12 and 1 Chr 2:17.

1 KINGS 2:33 ‫ד־עוֹלם ֵמ ִ ֥ﬠם‬ ָ֖ ‫וּל ִכ ְס ֜אוֹ יִ ְה ֶי֥ה ָשׁל֛ וֹם ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫יתוֹ‬ ֨ ‫וּל ֵב‬ ְ ‫וּל ָד ִ֡וד וּ ְ֠לזַ ְרעוֹ‬ ְ ‫וּב ֥ר ֹאשׁ זַ ְר ֖ﬠוֹ ְלע ָ ֹ֑לם‬ ְ ‫יוֹאב‬ ָ֔ ‫יה ֙ם ְבּ ֣ר ֹאשׁ‬ ֶ ‫וְ ָ ֤שׁבוּ ְד ֵמ‬ ‫הוֽה׃‬ ָ ְ‫י‬ 2:33

‫וּברֹאשׁ‬ ְ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 2:33; 7:35

Mp

——————————

‫ ְבּרֹאשׁ‬twice, and their references

1 Kgs 2:33 1 Kgs 7:35

‫ובראש ̇ב וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ושבו דמיהם בראש>יואב< ובראש זרעו‬ ‫ובראש המכונה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (35x) without a cj.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words beginning with ‫ וב‬that only occur twice; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §62, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §63.

1 KINGS 2:33

47

‫וּלזַ ְרעוֹ‬ ְ ‫וּל ָדוִ ד‬ ְ

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of word pairs occurring only once, where both parts of the pair have a ‫ ו‬cj.; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §253.

1 KINGS 2:35 ‫ֹהן נָ ַ ֣תן ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ַ ֖תּ ַחת ֶא ְביָ ָ ֽתר׃‬ ֙ ֵ ‫ת־צ ֤דוֹק ַהכּ‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ָצּ ָ ֑בא וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫ת־בּנָ ָי֧הוּ ֶבן־יְ הוֹיָ ָ ֛דע ַתּ ְח ָ ֖תּיו ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫וַ יִּ ֵ֨תּן ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל� ֶא‬ 2:35

‫יְ הוֹיָ ָדע ַתּ ְח ָתּיו‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

2:35

‫ת־צדוֹק‬ ָ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 2:35; 1 Chr 16:39

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its three occurrences without a cj.

1 KINGS 2:36 ‫א־ת ֵ ֥צא ִמ ָ ֖שּׁם ָ ֥אנֶ ה וָ ָ ֽאנָ ה׃‬ ֵ ֹ ‫וּשׁ ֔ ַל ִם וְ יָ ַשׁ ְב ָ ֖תּ ָ ֑שׁם וְ ֽל‬ ָ ‫ה־ל�֥ ַ֨ביִ ֙ת ִבּ ֣יר‬ ְ ֵ‫אמר ֗לוֹ ְ ֽבּנ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַל֤ח ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֣רא ְל ִשׁ ְמ ֔ ִﬠי וַ ֣יּ‬ 2:36

‫א־ת ֵצא‬ ֵ ֹ ‫וְ ל‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 2:36; Ezek 3:25; 24:12; Ps 44:10; 60:12 6 Ps 108:12

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its five occurrences without a cj. 2:36

‫ָאנֶ ה וָ ָאנָ ה‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 2:36; 2:42; 2 Kgs 5:25

48

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a səḡôl under the first ‫נ‬.

Some mss. have a qameṣ under this first ‫ נ‬at 2 Kgs 5:25; see Ginsburg, 4, ‫א‬, §917, so the note serves to protect the reading of the səḡôl.

1 KINGS 2:37 ‫אשׁ�׃‬ ֽ ֶ ֹ ‫ת־נ ַ֣חל ִק ְד ֔רוֹן יָ ֥ד ֹ ַ� ֵתּ ַ ֖דע ִ ֣כּי ֣מוֹת ָתּ ֑מוּת ָדּ ְמ�֖ יִ ְה ֶי֥ה ְבר‬ ַ ‫את ֗� וְ ָ ֽﬠ ַב ְר ָ֙תּ ֶא‬ ְ ‫וְ ָה ָי֣ה ׀ ְבּי֣ וֹם ֵצ‬ 2:37

�‫אשׁ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ְבר‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 2:37; 2:44; Obad 15

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with ‫בּ‬,ְ to distinguish them from its five occurrences with ‫ﬠל‬. ַ

1 KINGS 2:39 ‫מר ִה ֵנּ֥ה‬ ֹ ֔ ‫ן־מ ֲﬠ ָ ֖כה ֶ ֣מ ֶל� ַגּ֑ת וַ יַּ ִגּ֤ידוּ ְל ִשׁ ְמ ִﬠ֙י ֵלא‬ ַ ‫ל־א ִ ֥כישׁ ֶ ֽבּ‬ ָ ‫ים ְל ִשׁ ְמ ֔ ִﬠי ֶא‬ ֙ ‫ֽי־ﬠ ָב ִד‬ ֲ ‫וַ יְ ִ֗הי ִמ ֵקּ ֙ץ ָשׁ�֣ שׁ ָשׁ ֔ ִנים וַ יִּ ְב ְר ֤חוּ ְשׁ ֵנ‬ ‫ֲﬠ ָב ֶ ֖די� ְבּ ַ ֽגת׃‬ 2:39 Unique

‫וַ יַּ גִּ ידוּ ְל ִשׁ ְמ ִﬠי‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 2:40 ‫ת־ﬠ ָב ָ ֖דיו ִמ ַ ֽגּת׃‬ ֲ ‫ת־ﬠ ָב ָ ֑דיו וַ יֵּ ֶ֣ל� ִשׁ ְמ ֔ ִﬠי וַ יָּ ֵ ֥בא ֶא‬ ֲ ‫ל־א ִ֔כישׁ ְל ַב ֵ ֖קּשׁ ֶא‬ ָ ‫ת־חמ ֹ֔רוֹ וַ יֵּ ֶ֤ל� ֨ ַגּ ָת ֙ה ֶא‬ ֲ ‫וַ יָּ ֣ ָ קם ִשׁ ְמ ֗ ִﬠי ַוֽ יַּ ֲחב ֹ֙שׁ ֶא‬ 2:40 Unique

‫גַּ ָתה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that are accented milʿêl; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §32, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §33.

1 KINGS

49

1 KINGS 2:41 ‫ירוּשׁ ַל֛� ַגּ֖ת וַ יָּ ֽשׁ ֹב׃‬ ָ ‫י־ה ֨ ַל� ִשׁ ְמ ִ ֧ﬠי ִמ‬ ָ ‫מה ִכּ‬ ֹ ֑ �‫וַ יֻּ ַגּ֖ד ִל ְשׁ‬ 2:41

‫וַ יֻּ גַּ ד‬

Twenty-four times

‫̇כ ̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 10:17. 2:41

‫וַ יָּ שׁ ֹב‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 3:16.

1 KINGS 2:42 ‫את ֗� וְ ָ ֽה ַל ְכ ָ֙תּ‬ ְ ‫מר ְבּי֣ וֹם ֵצ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫יהוה וָ ָא ִ ֤ﬠד ְבּ ֙� ֵלא‬ ָ֗ ‫אמר ֵא ֜ ָליו ֲהל֧ וֹא ִה ְשׁ ַבּ ְﬠ ִ ֣תּי� ַ ֽב‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ֨ ַלח ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל� וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֣רא ְל ִשׁ ְמ ֗ ִﬠי וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫אמר ֵא ַל֛י ֥טוֹב ַה ָדּ ָ ֖בר ָשׁ ָ ֽמ ְﬠ ִתּי׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ָ ֣אנֶ ה וָ ָ֔אנָ ה יָ ֥ד ֹ ַ� ֵתּ ַ ֖דע ִ ֣כּי ֣מוֹת ָתּ ֑מוּת וַ ֧תּ‬ 2:42

‫ֲהלוֹא‬

Seventeen times plene in the book

1–5 6–10 11–15 16–17

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫י̇ ז‬

1 Kgs 1:11; 2:42; 11:41; 15:7; 16:14 1 Kgs 22:18; 22:39; 2 Kgs 1:18; 5:13; 6:11 2 Kgs 6:32; 10:34; 12:20; 13:8; 15:21 2 Kgs 18:22; 20:19

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the seventeen occurrences of this lemma written plene ‫ ו‬in the book, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (28x) in the book written defective ‫)הלֹא( ו‬. ֲ

ML, contrary to M (‫)הלֹא‬, ֲ has an additional three occcurrences of this lemma (‫)הלוֹא‬ ֲ at 2 Kgs 2:18, 8:23, and 13:12 (see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 119, 124, and 127), making a total of twenty in the book. However, all the Mp headings highlighted above agree with the enumeration inherent in the text of M, since they just list seventeen.

‫‪50‬‬

‫‪THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML‬‬ ‫‪1 KINGS 2:43‬‬ ‫יתי ָﬠ ֶ ֽלי�׃‬ ‫ר־צִ ֥וּ ִ‬ ‫ת־ה ִמּ ְצָו֖ה ֲא ֶשׁ ִ‬ ‫הו֑ה וְ ֶא ַ‬ ‫וּמ ֕דּ ַוּ� ֣ל ֹא ָשׁ ַ֔מ ְר ָתּ ֵ ֖את ְשׁ ֻב ַﬠ֣ת יְ ָ‬ ‫ַ‬

‫‪2:43‬‬

‫דּוּ�‬ ‫וּמ ַ‬ ‫ַ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Ten times‬‬

‫י̇‬

‫‪Com.: See Judg 9:28.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 2:44‬‬ ‫הו֛ה‬ ‫ית ְל ָדִו֣ד ָא ִ ֑בי וְ ֵה ִ ֧שׁיב יְ ָ‬ ‫ל־ה ָר ֗ ָﬠה ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר יָ ַד ֙ע ְל ָ ֣ב ְב ֔� ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ִ ֖שׂ ָ‬ ‫ל־שׁ ְמ ֗ ִﬠי ַא ָ ֤תּה יָ ַ ֨ד ְﬠ ָ֙תּ ֵ ֣את ָכּ ָ‬ ‫אמר ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל� ֶא ִ‬ ‫וַ ֨יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫אשׁ�׃‬ ‫ת־ר ָﬠ ְת�֖ ְבּר ֹ ֶ ֽ‬ ‫ֶא ָ‬ ‫ל־שׁ ְמ ִﬠי‬ ‫ֶא ִ‬

‫‪2:44‬‬

‫̇ב‬

‫‪Twice‬‬

‫אשׁ�‬ ‫ְבּר ֹ ֶ‬

‫‪2:44‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Com.: See 2 Sam 19:24.‬‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫̇ג‬

‫‪Three times‬‬

‫‪Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 2:37.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 3:1‬‬ ‫�תוֹ ִל ְבנ֤ וֹת ֶאת־‬ ‫ל־ﬠיר ָדּ ִ֔וד ַ ֣ﬠד ַכּ ֗‬ ‫יא ָ֙ה ֶא ִ ֣‬ ‫ת־פּ ְר ֗עֹה וַ יְ ִב ֶ֨‬ ‫ת־בּ ַ‬ ‫ת־פּ ְר ֖ﬠֹה ֶ ֣מ ֶל� ִמ ְצ ָ ֑ריִ ם וַ יִּ ַ ֣קּח ֶא ַ‬ ‫מה ֶא ַ‬ ‫וַ יִּ ְת ַח ֵ ֣תּן ְשׁ� ֔ ֹ‬ ‫רוּשׁ ַל֖� ָס ִ ֽביב׃‬ ‫ת־חוֹמת יְ ָ‬ ‫ַ֥‬ ‫הוה וְ ֶא‬ ‫ת־בּ֣ית יְ ָ֔‬ ‫יתוֹ וְ ֶא ֵ‬ ‫ֵבּ ֙‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫יא ָה‬ ‫וַ יְ ִב ֶ‬ ‫̇ד‬

‫‪3:1‬‬

‫‪Four times‬‬

‫‪); 1 Kgs 3:1; Dan 9:14‬וַ יְ ִב ֶא ָה( ‪); 24:67‬וַ יְ ִב ֶא ָה( ‪Gen 2:22‬‬

‫‪Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a fem. sfx., to distinguish‬‬ ‫יאהוּ‪/‬וַ יְ ִב ֵאהוּ( ‪them from its more numerous occurrences (13x) with a masc. sfx.‬‬ ‫‪).‬וַ יְ ִב ֵ‬

‫‪50‬‬

‫‪THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML‬‬ ‫‪1 KINGS 2:43‬‬ ‫יתי ָﬠ ֶ ֽלי�׃‬ ‫ר־צִ ֥וּ ִ‬ ‫ת־ה ִמּ ְצָו֖ה ֲא ֶשׁ ִ‬ ‫הו֑ה וְ ֶא ַ‬ ‫וּמ ֕דּ ַוּ� ֣ל ֹא ָשׁ ַ֔מ ְר ָתּ ֵ ֖את ְשׁ ֻב ַﬠ֣ת יְ ָ‬ ‫ַ‬

‫‪2:43‬‬

‫דּוּ�‬ ‫וּמ ַ‬ ‫ַ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Ten times‬‬

‫י̇‬

‫‪Com.: See Judg 9:28.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 2:44‬‬ ‫הו֛ה‬ ‫ית ְל ָדִו֣ד ָא ִ ֑בי וְ ֵה ִ ֧שׁיב יְ ָ‬ ‫ל־ה ָר ֗ ָﬠה ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר יָ ַד ֙ע ְל ָ ֣ב ְב ֔� ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ִ ֖שׂ ָ‬ ‫ל־שׁ ְמ ֗ ִﬠי ַא ָ ֤תּה יָ ַ ֨ד ְﬠ ָ֙תּ ֵ ֣את ָכּ ָ‬ ‫אמר ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל� ֶא ִ‬ ‫וַ ֨יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫אשׁ�׃‬ ‫ת־ר ָﬠ ְת�֖ ְבּר ֹ ֶ ֽ‬ ‫ֶא ָ‬ ‫ל־שׁ ְמ ִﬠי‬ ‫ֶא ִ‬

‫‪2:44‬‬

‫̇ב‬

‫‪Twice‬‬

‫אשׁ�‬ ‫ְבּר ֹ ֶ‬

‫‪2:44‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Com.: See 2 Sam 19:24.‬‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫̇ג‬

‫‪Three times‬‬

‫‪Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 2:37.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 3:1‬‬ ‫�תוֹ ִל ְבנ֤ וֹת ֶאת־‬ ‫ל־ﬠיר ָדּ ִ֔וד ַ ֣ﬠד ַכּ ֗‬ ‫יא ָ֙ה ֶא ִ ֣‬ ‫ת־פּ ְר ֗עֹה וַ יְ ִב ֶ֨‬ ‫ת־בּ ַ‬ ‫ת־פּ ְר ֖ﬠֹה ֶ ֣מ ֶל� ִמ ְצ ָ ֑ריִ ם וַ יִּ ַ ֣קּח ֶא ַ‬ ‫מה ֶא ַ‬ ‫וַ יִּ ְת ַח ֵ ֣תּן ְשׁ� ֔ ֹ‬ ‫רוּשׁ ַל֖� ָס ִ ֽביב׃‬ ‫ת־חוֹמת יְ ָ‬ ‫ַ֥‬ ‫הוה וְ ֶא‬ ‫ת־בּ֣ית יְ ָ֔‬ ‫יתוֹ וְ ֶא ֵ‬ ‫ֵבּ ֙‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫יא ָה‬ ‫וַ יְ ִב ֶ‬ ‫̇ד‬

‫‪3:1‬‬

‫‪Four times‬‬

‫‪); 1 Kgs 3:1; Dan 9:14‬וַ יְ ִב ֶא ָה( ‪); 24:67‬וַ יְ ִב ֶא ָה( ‪Gen 2:22‬‬

‫‪Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a fem. sfx., to distinguish‬‬ ‫יאהוּ‪/‬וַ יְ ִב ֵאהוּ( ‪them from its more numerous occurrences (13x) with a masc. sfx.‬‬ ‫‪).‬וַ יְ ִב ֵ‬

1 KINGS

51

The Mp heading at Gen 2:22 mistakenly reads twice, twice plene and twice defective. It should have read four times, twice plene and twice defective. The Mp heading at Gen 24:67 correctly reads twice defective (‫)י‬. 3:1

‫ַﬠד ַכּ�תוֹ‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Deut 28:21; 1 Kgs 3:1; Ruth 3:3

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in the piel, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence in the qal (‫ )וְ ַﬠד ְכּ�תוֹ‬at 2 Chr 8:16.

1 KINGS 3:2 ‫הוה ַ ֖ﬠד ַהיָּ ִ ֥מים ָה ֵ ֽהם׃ פ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫שׁם י‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ַ ֣רק ָה ֔ ָﬠם ְמזַ ְבּ ִ ֖חים ַבּ ָבּ ֑מוֹת ֠ ִכּי לֹא־נִ ְב ָנ֥ה ַ֨ביִ ֙ת ְל‬ 3:2

‫נִ ְבנָ ה‬

Twice

Mp

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 3:2; 6:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the second ‫נ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) with a səḡôl (‫)נִ ְבנֶ ה‬.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that appear in one form in a particular book of the Bible, and in a different form elsewhere. Here ‫ נִ ְבנָ ה‬is the form that occurs in Kings, whereas ‫ נִ ְבנֶ ה‬is the form that occurs in other books; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §272, and Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §113.

1 KINGS 3:3 ‫וּמ ְק ִ ֽטיר׃‬ ַ �ַ ‫הוה ָל ֕ ֶל ֶכת ְבּ ֻח ֖קּוֹת ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ ֑ביו ַ ֚רק ַבּ ָבּ ֔מוֹת ֥הוּא ְמזַ ֵ ֖בּ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫וַ יֶּ ֱא ַ ֤הב ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ֶאת־י‬ 3:3

‫וּמ ְק ִטיר‬ ַ

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 3:3; Jer 33:18; 48:35

52

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 3:4 ‫מה ַ ֖ﬠל ַה ִמּזְ ֵ ֥בּ ַ� ַה ֽהוּא׃‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ֹלוֹת יַ ֲﬠ ֶל֣ה ְשׁ‬ ֙ ‫דוֹל֑ה ֶ ֤א ֶלף ע‬ ָ ְ‫וַ ֵ֨יּ ֶל� ַה ֶ ֤מּ ֶל� גִּ ְב ֨עֹנָ ֙ה ִלזְ ֣בֹּ ַ� ָ֔שׁם ִ ֥כּי ִ ֖היא ַה ָבּ ָ ֣מה ַהגּ‬

3:4

‫גִּ ְבעֹנָ ה‬

Twice, once defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

2 Sam 2:12 (‫ ;)גִּ ְבעוֹנָ ה‬1 Kgs 3:4

Mp

——————————

‫ גִּ ְבעֹנָ ה‬twice, once plene and once defective

2 Sam 2:12 1 Kgs 3:4

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫מל וחד‬ ̇ ‫גבענה ̇ב חד‬

Mm

‫ויצא אבנר בן נר‬ ‫וילך המלך‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (17x) without this adverbial ending.

1 KINGS 3:5 ‫ן־ל�׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫�הים ְשׁ ַ ֖אל ָ ֥מה ֶא ֶתּ‬ ִ֔ ‫אמר ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫מה ַבּ ֲחל֣ וֹם ַה ָלּ֑יְ ָלה וַ ֣יּ‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ל־שׁ‬ ְ ‫הוֹ֛ה ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫ְבּגִ ְב ֗עוֹן נִ ְר ָ ֧אה י‬ 3:5

‫ְבּגִ ְבעוֹן‬

Unique at the beginning of a verse

‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫ראש‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma at the beginning of a verse without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its two occurrences at the beginning of a verse with a ‫ ו‬cj. at 1 Chr 8:29 and 9:35. This lemma features in a Masoretic list of words that occur only once at the beginning of a verse; see the Mm at Num 25:11 sub ‫פּינְ ָחס‬,ִ and Frensdorff, Ochlah, §175.

1 KINGS 3:5

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫אמר ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬

Twenty-nine times

1–5 6–10 11–15 16–20 21–25 26–29

‫̇כ ̇ט‬

53

Mp

Gen 1:3; 1:6; 1:9; 1:11; 1:14 Gen 1:20; 1:24; 1:26; 1:28 (‫�הים‬ ִ ‫אמר ָל ֶהם ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ ;)וַ יּ‬1:29 Gen 6:13; 9:8; 9:12; 9:17; 17:9 Gen 17:15; 17:19; 21:12; 35:1; 35:10 (‫�הים‬ ִ ‫אמר לוֹ ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫)וַ יּ‬ Gen 35:11 (‫�הים‬ ִ ‫אמר לוֹ ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ ;)וַ יּ‬46:2; Exod 3:14 Exod 3:15 (‫�הים‬ ִ ‫אמר עוֹד ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ ;)וַ יּ‬Num 22:12 1 Kgs 3:5; 3:11; Jonah 4:9; 2 Chr 1:11

Com.: The Masorah notes the twenty-nine occurrences of ‫אמר‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ וַ יּ‬with ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫א‬, ֱ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (200+) with the Tetragrammaton (‫אמר יְ הוָ ה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫)וַ יּ‬.

Four of the above references (Gen 1:28, 35:10, 35:11, and Exod 3:15) have an insertion between the first and second parts of the lemma. However, three of the Mp headings (Gen 17:9, 1 Kgs 3:11, and Jonah 4:9), and the Mm at 1 Kgs 3:11 do not include these four references, and so read twenty-five times.

The Mp and Mm headings to Gen 1:6 read three times with the accents (mûnaḥ and zaqeṕ) in this section (Gen 1:6, 1:20, and 1:26), to distinguish these references from the other occurrences of this lemma in this section, such as ‫�הים‬ ִ֗ ‫אמר ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ וַ ֣יּ‬in 1:9, that have different accents. All the other the highlighted Mp headings above read twenty-nine times.

1 KINGS 3:7 ‫ֹכי ַנ ַ֣ﬠר ָק ֔טֹן ֥ל ֹא ֵא ַ ֖דע ֵ ֥צאת וָ ֽב ֹא׃‬ ֙ ִ ‫ת־ﬠ ְב ְדּ ֔� ַ ֖תּ ַחת ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ ֑בי וְ ָ ֽאנ‬ ַ ‫�הי ַא ָתּ ֙ה ִה ְמ ַל ְ֣כ ָתּ ֶ ֽא‬ ָ֔ ‫הו֣ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫וְ ַﬠ ָתּ ֙ה י‬ 3:7

‫�הי‬ ָ ‫ֱא‬

Eight times with qameṣ

‫קמצ‬ ̇ ‫̇ח‬

Mp

1–5 Num 22:18; Deut 18:16; 26:14; 1 Kgs 3:7; 17:20 6–8 1 Kgs 17:21; Ps 35:24; 2 Chr 2:3

——————————

54

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫�הי‬ ָ ‫ ֱא‬eight times with qameṣ 1–5

6–8

Num 22:18 Deut 18:16 Deut 26:14 1 Kgs 3:7 1 Kgs 17:21 1 Kgs 17:20 Ps 35:24 2 Chr 2:3

‫אלהי ̇ח קמצין‬

‫לעבר‬ ‫לשמע‬ ‫למת‬ [‫)השלכת( ]המלכת‬ ‫ויתמדד‬ [‫)הרעת( ]הרעות‬ ‫שפטני‬ [‫)בנה( ]בונה‬

And similarly with every ʾaṯnaḥ and sôṕ pasûq except for two Ps 86:2 Ps 84:11

Mm

‫דכות ̇ב ̇מ ̇ב‬ ̇ ̇‫וכל אתנח וסופ פסו‬

‫שמרה‬ ‫בחצריך‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (61x) with a paṯaḥ (‫�הי‬ ַ ‫)א‬. ֱ

The Masorah also notes that this lemma with a qameṣ regularly occurs with the accents ʾaṯnaḥ and sôṕ pasûq, with two exceptions at Ps 86:2 and 84:11, where the form occurs as ‫�הי‬ ֑ ַ ‫א‬. ֱ

Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.) suggest, on the basis of the form ‫ ֱא ֫� ָ ֥הי‬at Ps 71:22, that the accent ʿolê wəyôreḏ should also be included in the list of accents that take a qameṣ. 3:7

‫וָ בֹא‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 3:7; 22:30; 2 Chr 18:29 (‫)וָ בוֹא‬ ——————————

‫ וָ בֹא‬three times, twice defective and once plene, and their references

1 Kgs 3:7 1 Kgs 22:30 2 Chr 18:29

‫לא אדע‬ ‫התחפש‬ ‫התחפש‬

‫מל וסימנהון‬ ̇ ‫ובא ̇ג ̇ב חסירין וחד‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma pointed with a qameṣ under the ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences pointed with a šûreq (‫)וּבֹא‬.

1 KINGS

55

1 KINGS 3:9 ‫ת־ﬠ ְמּ�֥ ַה ָכּ ֵ ֖בד ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ַ ‫יוּכל֙ ִל ְשׁ ֔ ֹפּט ֶא‬ ַ ‫ין־טוֹב ְל ָ ֑רע ִ ֣כּי ִ ֤מי‬ ֣ ‫ת־ﬠ ְמּ ֔� ְל ָה ִ ֖בין ֵ ֽבּ‬ ַ ‫וְ נָ ַת ָ֨תּ ְל ַﬠ ְב ְדּ ֜� ֵל֤ב שׁ ֵֹ֨מ ַ ֙� ִל ְשׁ ֹ֣פּט ֶ ֽא‬ 3:9

‫וְ נָ ַת ָתּ‬

Twenty-eight times defective Com.: See Judg 15:18.

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇כ ̇ח‬

Mp

1 KINGS 3:10 ‫ת־ה ָדּ ָ ֖בר ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ַ ‫מה ֶא‬ ֹ ֔ �‫יטב ַה ָדּ ָ ֖בר ְבּ ֵﬠ ֵינ֣י ֲאד ָֹנ֑י ִ ֚כּי ָשׁ ַ ֣אל ְשׁ‬ ֥ ַ ִ‫וַ יּ‬ 3:10

‫ֲאד ֹנָ י‬

One hundred and thirty-four times

1–5 6–10 11–15 16–20 21–25 26–30 31–35 36–40 41–45 46–50 51–55 56–60 61–65 66–70 71–75 76–80 81–85 86–90 91–95 96–100 101–05 106–10 111–15 116–20 121–25 126–30 131–34

‫̇ק ̇ל ̇ד‬

Mp

Gen 18:3; 18:27; 18:30 (‫;)לאד ֹנָ י‬ ַ 18:31; 18:32 (‫)לאד ֹנָ י‬ ַ Gen 19:18; 20:4; Exod 4:10; 4:13; 5:22 Exod 15:17; 34:9a; 34:9b; Num 14:17; Josh 7:8 Judg 6:15; 13:8 (‫;)אדוֹנָ י‬ ֲ 1 Kgs 3:10; 3:15; 22:6 2 Kgs 7:6 (‫ ;)וַ אד ֹנָ י‬19:23; Isa 3:17; 3:18; 4:4 Isa 6:1; 6:8; 6:11; 7:14; 7:20 Isa 8:7; 9:7; 9:16; 10:12; 11:11 Isa 21:6; 21:8; 21:16; 28:2 (‫;)לאד ֹנָ י‬ ַ 29:13 Isa 30:20; 37:24; 38:14; 38:16; 49:14 (‫)וַ אד ֹנָ י‬ Ezek 18:25; 18:29; 21:14; 33:17; 33:20 Amos 5:16; 7:7; 7:8; 9:1; Mic 1:2 Zech 9:4; Mal 1:12; 1:14 (‫;)לאד ֹנָ י‬ ַ Ps 2:4; 16:2 Ps 22:31 (‫;)לאד ֹנָ י‬ ַ 30:9; 35:17; 35:22; 35:23 (‫)וַ אד ֹנָ י‬ Ps 37:13; 38:10; 38:16; 38:23; 39:8 Ps 40:18; 44:24; 51:17; 54:6; 55:10 Ps 57:10; 59:12; 62:13; 66:18; 68:12 Ps 68:18; 68:20; 68:23; 68:27; 68:33 Ps 73:20; 77:3; 77:8; 78:65; 79:12 Ps 86:3; 86:4; 86:5; 86:8; 86:9 Ps 86:12; 86:15; 89:50; 89:51; 90:1 Ps 90:17; 110:5; 130:2; 130:3; 130:6 (‫)לאד ֹנָ י‬ ַ Job 28:28; Lam 1:14; 1:15a; 1:15b; 2:1 Lam 2:2; 2:5; 2:7; 2:18; 2:19 Lam 2:20; 3:31; 3:36; 3:37; 3:58 Dan 1:2; 9:3; 9:4; 9:7; 9:9 (‫)לאד ֹנָ י‬ ַ Dan 9:15; 9:16; 9:17; 9:19a; 9:19b; Dan 9:19c; Ezra 10:3; Neh 1:11; 4:8

56

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the one-hundred and thirty-four occurrences of this lemma in various forms without an accompanying Tetragrammaton pointed as ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ ;)יְ הוִֹ ה ֲאד ֹנָ י( ֱא‬see Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §151.

ML, contra M, reads the Tetragrammaton at Ps 68:27 instead of ‫;אד ֹנָ י‬ ֲ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 257. Notes on the Mp headings highlighted above 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Only nine of the references listed above have headings of one hundred and thirty-four (Gen 18:3, 18:27, Exod 34:9a, Num 14:17, 1 Kgs 3:10, Ps 38:16, 40:18, 78:65, and 79:12).

The Mp headings at Gen 18:30, 18:32, Mal 1:14, Ps 22:31, and 130:6, that occur with the prep. ‫)לאד ֹנָ י( ל‬, ַ read either seven times, seven times written, or seven times with ‫א‬ (that is, not with ‫)אַ‬. The other two cases are at Isa 28:22 and Dan 9:9.

The Mp heading at Judg 13:8 reads unique plene for the sole occurrence of this lemma written with plene ‫)אדוֹנָ י( ו‬. ֲ

The Mp headings at 2 Kgs 7:6 and Isa 49:14 read three times written with ‫( א‬not ‫)א‬ ֲ for the three forms of ‫ ;וַ אד ֹנָ י‬the third case with the ‫ ו‬cj. is Ps 35:23. The Mp headings at Lam 1:14, 1:15a, 2:1, 2:19, 3:31, and 3:58 all correctly read fourteen times written like this in the book (of Lamentations).

The Mp heading at Dan 1:2 correctly reads eleven times written like this in the book (of Daniel).

The Mp heading at Dan 9:9 records a tradition that the Easterners read here ‫( ליהוה‬instead of ‫)לאד ֹנָ י‬. ַ The Mp headings at Neh 1:11 and 4:8 correctly read three times written like this in the book (of Ezra-Nehemiah).

‫‪1 KINGS‬‬

‫‪57‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 3:11‬‬ ‫א־שׁ ַ ֤א ְל ָתּ ְלּ ֙� ֔עֹ ֶשׁר‬ ‫א־שׁ ַ֨א ְל ָתּ ְלּ ֜� יָ ִ ֣מים ַר ִ֗בּים וְ ֽל ֹ ָ‬ ‫ת־ה ָדּ ָ ֣בר ַה ֶ֗זּה וְ ֽל ֹ ָ‬ ‫�הים ֵא ֗ ָליו יַ ַﬠן֩ ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ָשׁ ַ֜א ְל ָתּ ֶא ַ‬ ‫אמר ֱא ִ֜‬ ‫וַ ֨יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫מ ַ� ִמ ְשׁ ָ ֽפּט׃‬ ‫וְ ֥ל ֹא ָשׁ ַ ֖א ְל ָתּ ֶנ ֶ֣פשׁ אֹיְ ֶ ֑בי� וְ ָשׁ ַ ֧א ְל ָתּ ְלּ�֛ ָה ִ ֖בין ִל ְשׁ ֥ ֹ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫�הים‬ ‫אמר ֱא ִ‬ ‫וַ יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫̇כ ̇ה‬

‫‪Twenty-five times‬‬

‫‪Gen 1:3; 1:6; 1:9; 1:11; 1:14‬‬ ‫‪Gen 1:20; 1:24; 1:26; 1:29; 6:13‬‬ ‫‪Gen 9:8; 9:12; 9:17; 17:9; 17:15‬‬ ‫‪Gen 17:19; 21:12; 35:1; 46:2; Exod 3:14‬‬ ‫‪Num 22:12; 1 Kgs 3:5; 3:11; Jonah 4:9; 2 Chr 1:11‬‬ ‫‪Mm‬‬

‫‪3:11‬‬ ‫‪1–5‬‬ ‫‪6–10‬‬ ‫‪11–15‬‬ ‫‪16–20‬‬ ‫‪21–25‬‬

‫——————————‬

‫ויאמר אלהים ̇כ ̇ה‬

‫יהי אור‬ ‫יהי רקיע בתוך‬ ‫יקוו המים מתחת‬ ‫תדשא הארץ‬ ‫יהי מארת‬ ‫ישרצו המים‬ ‫תוצא הארץ‬ ‫נעשה אדם‬ ‫ויברך אתם ד )ונכבשה( ]וכבשה[‬ ‫הנה נתתי לכם‬ ‫לנח‬ ‫ודלעל ואני הנני מקים‬ ‫̇‬ ‫זאת אות הברית‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫ואתה את בריתי‬ ‫שרי אשתך‬ ‫אבל שרה‬ ‫אל )ידע( ]ירע[‬ ‫לאל הנראה אליך‬ ‫לישראל‬

‫�הים‬ ‫אמר ֱא ִ‬ ‫‪ twenty-five times‬וַ יּ ֹ ֶ‬

‫‪Gen 1:3‬‬ ‫‪Gen 1:6‬‬ ‫‪Gen 1:9‬‬ ‫‪Gen 1:11‬‬ ‫‪Gen 1:14‬‬ ‫‪Gen 1:20‬‬ ‫‪Gen 1:24‬‬ ‫‪Gen 1:26‬‬ ‫וכ ְב ֻשׁ ָה ‪ of‬וַ יְ ָב ֶר� א ָֹתם‬ ‫)‪ִ (Gen 1:28‬‬ ‫‪Gen 1:29‬‬ ‫‪Gen 6:13‬‬ ‫)‪And the one above (= that precedes‬‬ ‫‪ (Gen 9:9) = Gen 9:8‬וַ ֲאנִ י ִהנְ נִ י ֵמ ִקים‬ ‫‪Gen 9:12‬‬ ‫)‪And its companion (Gen 9:17‬‬ ‫‪Gen 17:9‬‬ ‫‪Gen 17:15‬‬ ‫‪Gen 17:19‬‬ ‫‪Gen 21:12‬‬ ‫‪Gen 35:1‬‬ ‫‪Gen 46:2‬‬

‫‪1–5‬‬

‫‪6–10‬‬

‫‪11–15‬‬

‫‪16–20‬‬

58 21–25

26

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML Exod 3:14 Num 22:12 1 Kgs 3:5 1 Kgs 3:11 Jonah 4:9 ‫ ִל ְשׁ�מֹה‬of Chronicles (2 Chr 1:11)

‫אשר אהיה‬ ‫בלעם‬ ‫שאל מה‬ ‫שאלת‬ ‫ההיטב חרה‬ ‫לשלמה דדברי הימים‬

Com.: The Mp reading directly above at 1 Kgs 3:5 reads twenty-nine. The Mp reading here of twenty-five does not include the four references that have an insertion between the first and second parts of the lemma. However, the Mm does include one of them (Gen 1:28), and so has twenty-six entries.

The Masorah notes these various occurrences of ‫אמר‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ וַ יּ‬with God’s name as ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫א‬, ֱ to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (200+) of ‫ֹאמר‬ ֶ ‫ וַ יּ‬with the Tetragrammaton (‫אמר יְ הוָ ה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫)וַ יּ‬. For the various Mp headings, see directly above at 1 Kgs 3:5.

In the Mm, the additional notation to the Gen 1:28 reference is to distinguish that verse from the other verse at Gen 1:22 that has the same catchwords ‫וַ יְ ָב ֶר� א ָֹתם‬, but in which the lemma ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫אמר ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ וַ יּ‬does not appear.

The reference to Gen 9:8 is curiously worded as the verse that precedes (lit. the one above) the phrase ‫ וַ ֲאנִ י ִהנְ נִ י ֵמ ִקים‬that occurs in the following verse (Gen 9:9). The addition of Chronicles to the catchword ‫ ִל ְשׁ�מֹה‬in the 2 Chr 1:11 reference is simply to distinguish this reference from its parallel in 1 Kgs 3:11.

This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 185v, but the Mm note appears on the bottom of the preceding folio 185r. 3:11

‫ָה ִבין‬

Five times with qameṣ

‫ָ֗ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 3:11; Isa 28:19; 56:11; Ps 32:9; Prov 14:8

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ (infin.), to distinguish them from its three occurrences with a ṣerê (‫ה ִבין‬,ֵ perf.); see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §274. The Mm at Isa 56:11 is given in the form of an Aramaic mnemonic that reads “the dogs were asking wisdom for horses”; see Marcus, Scribal Wit, 90.

1 KINGS

59

1 KINGS 3:13 ‫א־ה ָ֨יה ָכ ֥מוֹ� ִ ֛אישׁ ַבּ ְמּ ָל ִ ֖כים ָכּל־יָ ֶ ֽמי�׃‬ ָ ֹ ‫ם־כּ ֑בוֹד ֠ ֲא ֶשׁר ל‬ ָ ַ‫א־שׁ ַ֨א ְל ָ֙תּ נָ ַ ֣ת ִתּי ֔ ָל� גַּ ם־ ֖ﬠֹ ֶשׁר גּ‬ ָ ֹ ‫וְ ֨ ַגם ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ֽל‬ 3:13 Unique

‫גַּ ם־ע ֶֹשׁר גַּ ם‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 3:14 ‫וֹתי ַכּ ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָה ַ ֖ל� ָדִּו֣יד ָא ִ ֑בי� וְ ַה ַא ַר ְכ ִ ֖תּי ֶאת־יָ ֶ ֽמי�׃ ס‬ ַ֔ ‫וּמ ְצ‬ ִ ‫קּי‬ ֙ ַ ‫מר ֻח‬ ֹ ֤ ‫וְ ִ ֣אם ׀ ֵתּ ֵל֣� ִבּ ְד ָר ַ֗כי ִל ְשׁ‬ 3:14

‫וְ ִאם‬

Unique at the beginning of a verse in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫ראש‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma at the beginning of a verse in the book with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (5x) at the beginning of a verse in the book without a ‫ ו‬cj. 3:14

‫ָדּוִ יד‬

Five times plene

Mp

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 3:14; 11:4; 11:36 (‫;)ל ָדוִ יד‬ ְ Ezek 34:23; Cant 4:4

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences, apart from The Twelve, Chronicles, and Ezra, of this lemma in Kings, Ezekiel, and Canticles written plene ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100x) in these books written defective ‫)דּוִ ד( י‬. ָ The Mp headings here in both MC and MA read more expansively five times plene and similarly all The Twelve, Chronicles, and Ezra (MC reverses the order of Chronicles and Ezra).

In ML the ‫ י‬seems to be have inserted by a second hand to conform to the Mp note.

1 KINGS 3:15 ‫ֹלוֹת וַ יַּ ַ֣ﬠשׂ ְשׁ ָל ִ֔מים וַ יַּ ַ֥ﬠשׂ‬ ֙ ‫ית־אד ֗ ָֹני וַ יַּ ַ֤ﬠל ע‬ ֲ ‫מד ׀ ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י ׀ ֲא ֣רוֹן ְבּ ִר‬ ֹ ֣ ‫רוּשׁ ֜ ַל ִם ַ ֽו יַּ ֲﬠ‬ ָ ְ‫מה וְ ִה ֵנּ֣ה ֲחל֑ וֹם וַ יָּ ֨בוֹא י‬ ֹ ֖ �‫וַ יִּ ַ ֥ קץ ְשׁ‬ ‫ל־ﬠ ָב ָ ֽדיו׃ פ‬ ֲ ‫ִמ ְשׁ ֶ ֖תּה ְל ָכ‬ 3:15

‫וַ יִּ ַקץ‬

Three times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Judg 16:20; 1 Kgs 3:15; Ps 78:65

Mp

60

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its five occurrences written plene ‫)וַ יִּ ַיקץ( י‬. 3:15

‫וַ יַּ ַﬠל עֹלוֹת‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

1 KINGS 3:16 ‫מ ְדנָ ה ְל ָפ ָנֽיו׃‬ ֹ ֖ ‫ל־ה ֶ ֑מּ ֶל� ַו ַֽתּ ֲﬠ‬ ַ ‫ָ ֣אז ָתּ ֗ב ֹאנָ ה ְשׁ ַ ֛תּיִ ם נָ ִ ֥שׁים זֹנ֖ וֹת ֶא‬ 3:16

‫ְשׁ ַתּיִ ם נָ ִשׁים‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 3:16; Ezek 23:2; Zech 5:9 —————————— ‫ ְשׁ ַתּיִ ם נָ ִשׁים‬three times 1 Kgs 3:16 Ezek 23:2 Zech 5:9

‫שתים נשים ̇ג‬

Mm

‫אז תבאנה שתים נשים‬ ‫בן אדם שתים נשים‬ ‫ואשא עיני‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from the four occurrences of its parallel lemma ‫ ְשׁ ֵתּי נָ ִשׁים‬.

1 KINGS 3:17 ‫אמר ָה ִא ָ ֤שּׁה ָ ֽה ַא ַח ֙ת ִ ֣בּי ֲאד ֔ ִֹני ֲאנִ ֙י וְ ָה ִא ָ ֣שּׁה ַה ֔זּ ֹאת י ְֹשׁ ֖בֹת ְבּ ַ ֣ביִ ת ֶא ָ ֑חד וָ ֵא ֵ ֥לד ִﬠ ָ ֖מּהּ ַבּ ָ ֽבּיִ ת׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֜תּ‬ 3:17

‫ִבּי ֲאד ֹנִ י‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 43:20; 44:18; Num 12:11; Judg 6:13; 1 Sam 1:26 6–7 1 Kgs 3:17; 3:26 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ ִבּי ֲאד ֹנִ י‬seven times

1–5 Gen 43:20 Gen 44:18 Num 12:11 Judg 6:13 1 Sam 1:26 6–7 1 Kgs 3:17 1 Kgs 3:26

̇‫בי אדני ז‬

61

Mm

‫ירד ירדנו‬ ‫ויגש אליו‬ ‫נואלנו‬ ‫מצאתנו‬ ‫הנצבת‬ [‫)ישבות( ]ישבת‬ ‫תנו לה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of ‫ ִבּי‬with ‫אד ֹנִ י‬, ֲ to distinguish them from its four occurrences with ‫) ִבּי ֲאד ֹנָ י( ֲאד ֹנָ י‬. 3:17

‫וְ ָה ִא ָשּׁה‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 11:2. 3:17

‫י ְֹשׁבֹת‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

1 Sam 27:8 (‫ ;)י ְֹשׁבוֹת‬1 Kgs 3:17; Ezek 8:14 (‫ ;)י ְֹשׁבוֹת‬Cant 5:12 (‫)י ְֹשׁבוֹת‬ Com.: See 1 Sam 27:8. 3:17

‫ְבּ ַביִ ת‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 7:6.

1 KINGS 3:18 ‫ם־א ַנ ְ֖חנוּ‬ ֲ ִ‫זוּל ִ ֥תי ְשׁ ַ ֽתּי‬ ָ ‫ין־ז֤ר ִא ָ֨תּ ֙נוּ ַבּ ַ֔בּיִ ת‬ ָ ‫ם־ה ִא ָ ֣שּׁה ַה ֑זּ ֹאת וַ ֲא ַנ ְ֣חנוּ יַ ְח ָ ֗דּו ֵ ֽא‬ ָ ַ‫ישׁ֙י ְל ִל ְד ִ֔תּי וַ ֵ ֖תּ ֶלד גּ‬ ִ ‫וַ יְ ִ֞הי ַבּיּ֤ וֹם ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ‫ַבּ ָ ֽבּיִ ת׃‬ 3:18

‫וַ יְ ִ֞הי‬

Nine times with the accent (geršayim) in the book 1–5 1 Kgs 3:18; 5:21; 12:2; 12:20; 16:18 6–9 2 Kgs 5:8; 10:25; 13:21; 18:9

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

62

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences in this book of this lemma with the accent geršayim, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) in this book with different accents.

1 KINGS 3:20 ‫יבה‬ ָ ‫ת־בּ ָנ֥הּ ַה ֵ ֖מּת ִה ְשׁ ִ ֥כּ‬ ְ ‫יבהוּ ְבּ ֵחי ָ ֑ קהּ וְ ֶא‬ ֖ ֵ ‫ת־בּ ִנ֣י ֵ ֽמ ֶא ְצ ֗ ִלי וַ ֲא ָ ֽמ ְת ֙� יְ ֵשׁ ֔ ָנה וַ ַתּ ְשׁ ִכּ‬ ְ ‫וַ ָתּ ָק ֩ם ְבּ ֨תוֹ� ַה ֜ ַלּיְ ָלה וַ ִתּ ַ ֧קּח ֶא‬ ‫ְב ֵחי ִ ֽ קי׃‬ 3:20

‫יְ ֵשׁנָ ה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 3:20; Cant 5:2

Com.: There are two traditions concerning the spelling of these two forms. There is an Eastern tradition, specifically noted in the Mm to Cant 5:2, that both forms are written defective second ‫י‬, and this is the way these forms are written in MA and in ML.

But there is also a Western tradition that writes the form here plene second ‫ ;)יְ ֵשׁינָ ה( י‬see the Mm at Cant 5:2 whose heading reads twice, once plene and once defective. On the other hand, the Mm at 1 Kgs 3:20 in MC notes the opposite, that the form at Cant 5:2 is written plene second ‫י‬, but 1 Kgs 3:20 is written defective; see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 104. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets commencing with ‫ ;י‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §66, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §67. 3:20

‫יבהוּ‬ ֵ ‫וַ ַתּ ְשׁ ִכּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 3:20; 2 Kgs 4:21

——————————

‫יבהוּ‬ ֵ ‫ וַ ַתּ ְשׁ ִכּ‬twice, plene and once defective, and their references 1 Kgs 3:20 2 Kgs 4:21

‫)ותשכבהו( ]ותשכיבהו[ בחיקה‬ ‫)ותשכיבהו( ]ותשכבהו[ על מטת‬

The first

מלא‬

‫מל‬ ̇ חד‬ ‫וחד חסיר)ין( וסימנהון‬

Mm

1 KINGS

63

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written plene ‫( י‬here), and one written defective ‫ י‬at 2 Kgs 4:21. 3:20

‫ת־בּנָ הּ‬ ְ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 21:10; 1 Kgs 3:20

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (6x) without a cj. 3:20

Unique

‫יבה‬ ָ ‫ִה ְשׁ ִכּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 3:21 ‫א־ה ָי֥ה ְב ִנ֖י ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר יָ ָ ֽל ְד ִתּי׃‬ ָ ֹ ‫בּוֹנ֤ ן ֵא ָל ֙יו ַבּ ֔בֹּ ֶקר וְ ִה ֵנּ֛ה ֽל‬ ֵ ‫ה־מת וָ ֶא ְת‬ ֑ ֵ ֵ‫ת־בּ ִנ֖י וְ ִהנּ‬ ְ ‫וָ ָא ֻ ֥ קם ַבּ ֛בֹּ ֶקר ְל ֵה ִ ֥יניק ֶא‬ 3:21

‫וָ ָא ֻקם‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 3:21; 8:20

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (5x) written plene ‫)וָ ָאקוּם( ו‬.

3:21

Unique 3:21

Unique

‫ְל ֵהינִ יק‬ ‫̇ל‬ ‫וָ ֶא ְתבּוֹנֵ ן‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬consec., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without an initial ‫)א ְתבּוֹנֵ ן( ו‬ ֶ at Job 23:15 and 31:1.

64

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 3:22

‫וּב ִנ֣י ֶה ָ ֑חי וַ ְתּ ַד ֵ ֖בּ ְרנָ ה‬ ְ ‫וּב ֵ ֣נ � ַה ֵ֔מּת וְ ֤ז ֹאת א ֶֹ֨מ ֶר ֙ת ֣ל ֹא ִ֔כי ְבּ ֵנ֥ � ַה ֵ ֖מּת‬ ְ ‫ֹאמר֩ ָה ִא ָ֨שּׁה ָה ַא ֶ֜ח ֶרת ֣ל ֹא ִ֗כי ְבּ ִנ֤י ַה ַח֙י‬ ֶ ‫וַ תּ‬ ‫ִל ְפ ֵנ֥י ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ 3:22

‫וַ ְתּ ַד ֵבּ ְרנָ ה‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Sam 4:20; 1 Kgs 3:22; Jer 44:25 —————————— ‫ וַ ְתּ ַד ֵבּ ְרנָ ה‬three times 1 Sam 4:20 1 Kgs 3:22 Jer 44:25

‫ותדברנה ̇ג‬

Mm

‫ובעת מותה ותדברנה‬ ‫ותאמר האשה האחרת‬ ‫אתם ונשיכם‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬consec., to distinguish them from its two occurrences without a ‫)תּ ַד ֵבּ ְרנָ ה( ו‬. ְ

1 KINGS 3:24 ‫י־ח ֶרב וַ יָּ ִ ֥באוּ ַה ֶ ֖ח ֶרב ִל ְפ ֵנ֥י ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ֑ ָ ‫אמר ַה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ְק ֣חוּ ִל‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֥יּ‬ 3:24

‫וַ יָּ ִבאוּ‬

Thirty-six times

̇‫̇לו‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 7:1.

Mp

1 KINGS 3:25 ‫ת־ה ֲח ִ ֖צי ְל ֶא ָ ֽחת׃‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ֲח ִ ֙צי ְל ַא ַ֔חת וְ ֶ ֽא‬ ַ ‫וּתנ֤ וּ ֶ ֽא‬ ְ ‫ת־היֶּ ֶ֥לד ַה ַ ֖חי ִל ְשׁ ָנ֑ יִ ם‬ ַ ‫אמר ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� גִּ זְ ֛רוּ ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ 3:25 Unique

‫גִּ זְ רוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma not in pause, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence in pause (‫ )גְּ זֹרוּ‬in v. 26.

1 KINGS 3:25

65

‫ַהיֶּ ֶלד ַה ַחי‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ַהיֶּ ֶלד‬with ‫ה ַחי‬,ַ to distinguish it from its three occurrences with ‫) ַהיֶּ ֶלד ַחי( ַחי‬. 3:25

‫ת־ה ֲח ִצי‬ ַ ‫ֶא‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its occurrence with a ‫ ו‬cj. in the same verse.

1 KINGS 3:26 ‫נוּ־ל ֙הּ ֶאת־‬ ָ ‫אמר ׀ ִ ֣בּי ֲאד ֗ ִֹני ְתּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫הּ וַ ֣תּ‬ ֒ ָ‫ל־בּנ‬ ְ ‫יה ַﬠ‬ ֮ ָ ‫ל־ה ֶ֗מּ ֶל� ִ ֽכּי־נִ ְכ ְמ ֣רוּ ַר ֲח ֶמ‬ ַ ‫ר־בּ ֨ ָנהּ ַה ַ֜חי ֶא‬ ְ ‫אמר ָה ִא ָשּׁ ֩ה ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣תּ‬ ‫ם־ל֛� ֥ל ֹא יִ ְה ֶי֖ה גְּ ֹֽזרוּ׃‬ ָ ַ‫ם־לי ג‬ ֥ ִ ַ‫יתהוּ וְ ֣ז ֹאת א ֶֹ֗מ ֶרת גּ‬ ֑ ֻ ‫ל־תּ ִמ‬ ְ ‫ַהיָּ ל֣ וּד ַה ַ֔חי וְ ָה ֵ ֖מת ַא‬ 3:26

‫נִ ְכ ְמרוּ‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Gen 43:30; 1 Kgs 3:26; Hos 11:8 —————————— ‫ נִ ְכ ְמרוּ‬three times

‫נכמרו ̇ג‬

Mm

‫ל־א ִחיו‬ ָ ‫ ִכּי־נִ ְכ ְמרוּ ַר ֲח ָמיו ֶא‬of Joseph (Gen 43:30) 1 Kgs 3:26 Hos 11:8

‫כי נכמרו רחמיו אל אחיו דיוסף‬ ‫כי נכמרו רחמיה‬ [‫יחד נכמרו )נחומיו( ]נחומי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three non-pausal occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence in pause (‫ )נִ ְכ ָמרוּ‬at Lam 5:10. In the Mm the additional notation of Joseph to the Gen 43:30 reference is purely for reference purposes. 3:26

‫יתהוּ‬ ֻ ‫ְתּ ִמ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 3:26; 3:27

Mp

66 3:26

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫גַּ ם‬

Five verses, each one containing five similar words

1–5 Gen 5:32 Gen 35:17 1 Sam 20:29 1 Kgs 3:26 Neh 2:2

‫̇ה פסוק דאית בכל פסוק חמש מלין מתאמן‬

Mm

‫ויהי נח בן חמש מאות שנה‬ ‫ויהי בהקשתה בלדתה‬ ‫על כן לא בא אל שלחן המלך‬ ‫וזאת אמרת גם לי גם לך‬ ‫ויאמר לי המלך מדוע פניך רעים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five verses in which there are five successive words consisting of two letters each. For discussion, see 1 Sam 20:29. In ML this lemma has no circellus.

1 KINGS 3:27 ‫יתהוּ ִ ֖היא ִא ֽמּוֹ׃‬ ֑ ֻ ‫ת־היָּ ל֣ וּד ַה ַ֔חי וְ ָה ֵ ֖מת ֣ל ֹא ְת ִמ‬ ַ ‫נוּ־ל ֙הּ ֶא‬ ָ ‫אמר ְתּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ַ֨יּ ַﬠן ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל� וַ ֗יּ‬ 3:27

‫יתהוּ‬ ֻ ‫ְתּ ִמ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 3:26; 3:27

1 KINGS 3:28 ‫�הים ְבּ ִק ְר ֖בּוֹ‬ ֛ ִ ‫י־ח ְכ ַ ֧מת ֱא‬ ָ ‫שׁר ָשׁ ַפ֣ט ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� וַ ִיּ ְֽ ר ֖אוּ ִמ ְפּ ֵנ֣י ַה ֶ ֑מּ ֶל� ִ ֣כּי ָר ֔אוּ ִ ֽכּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ת־ה ִמּ ְשׁ ָפּ ֙ט ֲא‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ְמ ֣ﬠוּ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ֶא‬ ‫ַל ֲﬠ ֥שׂוֹת ִמ ְשׁ ָ ֽפּט׃ ס‬ 3:28

‫וַ יִּ ְראוּ‬

Four times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Josh 4:14; 1 Kgs 3:28; 2 Kgs 10:4; Neh 6:16 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ וַ יִּ ְראוּ‬four times defective, and their references Josh 4:14 1 Kgs 3:28 2 Kgs 10:4 Neh 6:16

‫ויראו ̇ד חסירין וסימנהון‬

67 Mm

‫ביום ההוא‬ ‫וישמעו‬ ‫המלכים‬ [‫)איבינו( ]אויבינו‬

And similarly all of Samuel apart from once (‫)וַ יִּ ְיראוּ‬: 1 Sam 17:24

‫כות ̇ב ̇מ ̇א וכל איש ישראל‬ ̇ ‫וכל שמואל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of the form ‫ וַ יִּ ְראוּ‬they feared written defective ‫י‬, to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (20x) of this form written plene ‫י‬ (‫)וַ יִּ ְיראוּ‬. The Mm heading here, as well as the Mp heading at Josh 4:14, note that this writing of this lemma also occurs in Samuel (5x) apart from once (1 Sam 17:24) when it is written plene ‫י‬.

The Masorah here is making a semantic distinction and only including forms of ‫ וַ יִּ ְראוּ‬that mean they feared, as distinct from the more numerous occurrences (40x) of this same form meaning they saw. 3:28

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ָח ְכ ַמת ֱא‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ָח ְכ ַמת‬with ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫א‬, ֱ to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (14x) with other nouns such as ‫) ָח ְכ ַמת ֵלב( ֵלב‬, ‫ָח ְכ ַמת ( ְשׁ�מֹה‬ ‫)שׁ�מֹה‬, ְ etc.

1 KINGS 4:1 ‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃ ס‬ ָ ‫מה ֶ ֖מ ֶל� ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ַוֽ יְ ִה֙י ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ 4:1 Twice

‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ָ ‫ֶמ ֶל� ַﬠ‬ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 4:1; Neh 13:26

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with ‫כּל‬,ָ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (5x) without ‫) ֶמ ֶל� ַﬠל יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל( ָכּל‬.

1 KINGS ‫ וַ יִּ ְראוּ‬four times defective, and their references Josh 4:14 1 Kgs 3:28 2 Kgs 10:4 Neh 6:16

‫ויראו ̇ד חסירין וסימנהון‬

67 Mm

‫ביום ההוא‬ ‫וישמעו‬ ‫המלכים‬ [‫)איבינו( ]אויבינו‬

And similarly all of Samuel apart from once (‫)וַ יִּ ְיראוּ‬: 1 Sam 17:24

‫כות ̇ב ̇מ ̇א וכל איש ישראל‬ ̇ ‫וכל שמואל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of the form ‫ וַ יִּ ְראוּ‬they feared written defective ‫י‬, to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (20x) of this form written plene ‫י‬ (‫)וַ יִּ ְיראוּ‬. The Mm heading here, as well as the Mp heading at Josh 4:14, note that this writing of this lemma also occurs in Samuel (5x) apart from once (1 Sam 17:24) when it is written plene ‫י‬.

The Masorah here is making a semantic distinction and only including forms of ‫ וַ יִּ ְראוּ‬that mean they feared, as distinct from the more numerous occurrences (40x) of this same form meaning they saw. 3:28

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ָח ְכ ַמת ֱא‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ָח ְכ ַמת‬with ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫א‬, ֱ to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (14x) with other nouns such as ‫) ָח ְכ ַמת ֵלב( ֵלב‬, ‫ָח ְכ ַמת ( ְשׁ�מֹה‬ ‫)שׁ�מֹה‬, ְ etc.

1 KINGS 4:1 ‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃ ס‬ ָ ‫מה ֶ ֖מ ֶל� ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ַוֽ יְ ִה֙י ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ 4:1 Twice

‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ָ ‫ֶמ ֶל� ַﬠ‬ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 4:1; Neh 13:26

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with ‫כּל‬,ָ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (5x) without ‫) ֶמ ֶל� ַﬠל יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל( ָכּל‬.

68

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 4:2 ‫ן־צ ֖דוֹק ַהכּ ֵ ֹֽהן׃ ס‬ ָ ‫וְ ֵ ֥א ֶלּה ַה ָשּׂ ִ ֖רים ֲא ֶשׁר־ל֑ וֹ ֲﬠזַ ְר ָי֥הוּ ֶב‬

4:2

‫ֲﬠזַ ְריָ הוּ‬

Four times in the Prophets

‫בנביא‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 4:2; 4:5 (‫ ;)וַ ֲﬠזַ ְריָ הוּ‬2 Kgs 15:6; 15:8 (‫)ל ֲﬠזַ ְריָ הוּ‬ ַ

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma in various forms with a ‫ הוּ‬ending, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (34x) in various forms written with a ‫ ה‬ending (‫) ֲﬠזַ ְריָ ה‬. The Mp headings here and at 1 Kgs 4:5 read four times in the Prophets to include all the above forms of ‫ﬠזַ ְריָ הוּ‬, ֲ but the heading at 2 Kgs 15:6 reads twice in the Prophets noting only the two forms without prefixes (‫)ﬠזַ ְריָ הוּ‬. ֲ

1 KINGS 4:5 ‫ל־הנִּ ָצּ ִ ֑בים וְ זָ ֧בוּד ֶבּן־נָ ָ ֛תן כּ ֵ ֹ֖הן ֵר ֶ ֥ﬠה ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ַ ‫וַ ֲﬠזַ ְר ָי֥הוּ ֶבן־נָ ָ ֖תן ַﬠ‬ 4:5

‫וַ ֲﬠזַ ְריָ הוּ‬

Four times in the Prophets

‫בנביא‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 4:2. 4:5

‫וְ זָ בוּד‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this name pointed this way, to distinguish it from the sole occurrence of another name pointed as ‫ וְ זַ בּוּד‬at Ezra 8:14. 4:5

‫ֵר ֶﬠה‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

2 Sam 15:37; 16:16; 1 Kgs 4:5 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ ֵר ֶﬠה‬three times, and their references 2 Sam 16:16 2 Sam 15:37 1 Kgs 4:5

‫רעה ̇ג וסימנהון‬

69 Mm

‫כאשר בא‬ ‫ויבא חושי‬ ‫וזבוד‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from the five occurrences of its parallel form �ַ ‫ר‬.ֵ

1 KINGS 4:6 ‫ל־ה ַ ֽמּס׃ ס‬ ַ ‫ן־ﬠ ְב ָ ֖דּא ַﬠ‬ ַ ‫ירם ֶבּ‬ ֥ ָ ִ‫ל־ה ָ ֑בּיִ ת וַ ֲאד ֹנ‬ ַ ‫ישׁר ַﬠ‬ ֖ ָ ‫וַ ֲא ִח‬ 4:6

‫וַ ֲאד ֹנִ ָירם‬

Twice and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 4:6; 5:28

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬. 4:6

‫ַﬠ ְב ָדּא‬

Twice and written with ‫א‬

‫וכת ̇א‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 4:6; Neh 11:17 (‫)וְ ַﬠ ְב ָדּא‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written with a ‫ ו‬cj. (Neh 11:17), and one written without a cj. (here).

By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written with ‫א‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written with ‫ה‬.

1 KINGS 4:7 ‫ל־◌ ֶא ָ ֖חד‬ ָ ‫יתוֹ ֧חֹ ֶדשׁ ַבּ ָשּׁ ָנ֛ה יִ ְה ֶי֥ה ַﬠ‬ ֑ ‫ת־בּ‬ ֵ ‫ת־ה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וְ ִכ ְל ְכּל֥ וּ ֶא‬ ָ ‫ים ַﬠ‬ ֙ ‫ים־ﬠ ָ ֤שׂר נִ ָצּ ִב‬ ָ ֵ‫מה ְשׁנ‬ ֹ ֞ �‫וְ ִל ְשׁ‬ ‫ְל ַכ ְל ֵ ֽכּל׃ ס‬ 4:7

‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ָ ‫ַﬠ‬

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 11:2.

Mp

70 4:7

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ת־בּיתוֹ‬ ֵ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Seven times

Mp

̇‫ז‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 19:42. 4:7

‫ָ◌ ֶא ָחד‬

Read ‫ָה ֶא ָחד‬

‫האחד קרי‬

Mp

ָ represent examples of the omission of a definite Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)אחד‬, and the qərê (‫)ה ֶא ָחד‬ article; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 147.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ ה‬is not written at the beginning of a word; see the Mm at 2 Sam 23:9 sub ‫◌גִּ בּ ִֹרים‬, ַ Frensdorff, Ochlah, §165, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §90.

1 KINGS 4:9 ‫וּב ַ ֽשׁ ַﬠ ְל ִ ֖בים ֵוּב֣ית ָ ֑שׁ ֶמשׁ וְ ֵאיל֖ וֹן ֵ ֥בּית ָח ָנֽ ן׃ ס‬ ְ ‫ן־דּ ֶקר ְבּ ָמ ַ ֥ קץ‬ ֛ ֶ ‫ֶבּ‬ 4:9

‫ֶדּ ֶקר‬

Unique 4:9

‫ְבּ ָמ ַקץ‬

Unique 4:9

Twice

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬ ‫וּב ַשׁ ַﬠ ְל ִבים‬ ְ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

Judg 1:35; 1 Kgs 4:9

——————————

‫וּב ַשׁ ַﬠ ְל ִבים‬ ְ twice, and their references

Judg 1:35 ‫ויואל האמרי‬ 1 Kgs 4:9 ‫במקץ‬

‫וסימנה‬ ֗ ‫ובשעלבים ֗ב‬

Mm

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets that start with ‫ ;וּב‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §62, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §63.

1 KINGS

71

1 KINGS 4:10 ‫ל־א ֶרץ ֵ ֽח ֶפר׃ ס‬ ֥ ֶ ‫ן־ח ֶסד ָ ֽבּ ֲא ֻר ֑בּוֹת ל֥ וֹ שׂ ֹ ֖כֹה וְ ָכ‬ ֖ ֶ ‫ֶבּ‬ 4:10

‫ָבּ ֲא ֻרבּוֹת‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 4:10; Qoh 12:3

——————————

‫ ָבּ ֲא ֻרבּוֹת‬twice written defective this way

1 Kgs 4:10 Qoh 12:3

‫בארבות ̇ב כן חסר‬

Mm

‫בארבות‬ ‫וחשכו הראות בארבות‬

And these are in two meanings

‫ואינון בתריין לשנין‬

Com.: The Mp notes that this lemma occurs twice, and the Mm adds that they are written defective this way, that is, defective first ‫ו‬. Thus the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene first ‫ו‬.

The Masorah also notes that this lemma has two different meanings: here, it is a place name Arubboth, but at Qoh 12:3 it means in the windows. 4:10

‫שֹׂכֹה‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Sam 17:1; 1 Kgs 4:10

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences written plene ‫ ;)שׂוֹכֹה( ו‬see 1 Sam 17:1.

1 KINGS 4:11 ‫מה ָ ֥היְ ָתה לּ֖ וֹ ְל ִא ָ ֽשּׁה׃ ס‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ת־שׁ‬ ְ ‫ל־נ ַ֣פת ֑דּ ֹאר ָט ַפ ֙ת ַבּ‬ ָ ‫ן־א ִ ֽבינָ ָ ֖דב ָכּ‬ ֲ ‫ֶבּ‬ 4:11

‫דֹאר‬

Four times written this way Com.: See Josh 17:11.

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

72 4:11

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ָט ַפת‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

1 KINGS 4:12 ‫אן ַ ֚ﬠד ָא ֵב֣ל‬ ֙ ָ ‫ל־בּ֣ית ְשׁ ָ֡אן ֲא ֶשׁר֩ ֵ֨א ֶצל ָצ ְר ַ֜תנָ ה ִמ ַ ֣תּ ַחת ְליִ זְ ְר ֗ ֶﬠאל ִמ ֵבּ֤ית ְשׁ‬ ֵ ‫וּמגִ ֑דּוֹ וְ ָכ‬ ְ � ֖‫ן־א ִח ֔ילוּד ַתּ ְﬠ ַנ‬ ֲ ‫ַ ֽבּ ֲﬠנָ ֙א ֶבּ‬ ‫חוֹלה ַ ֖ﬠד ֵמ ֵ ֥ﬠ ֶבר ְליָ ְק ֳמ ָ ֽﬠם׃ ס‬ ָ ֔ ‫ְמ‬ 4:12

‫ַבּ ֲﬠנָ א‬

Three times written with ‫א‬

1 Kgs 4:12; 4:16; Neh 3:4

‫כת ̇א‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written with an ‫א‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) written with a ‫)בּ ֲﬠנָ ה( ה‬. ַ 4:12

‫ל־בּית‬ ֵ ‫וְ ָכ‬

Twelve times

‫י̇ ̇ב‬

Com.: See Judg 16:31.

Mp

1 KINGS 4:13 ‫ים ָﬠ ִ ֣רים גְּ ד ֹ֔לוֹת‬ ֙ ‫שׁר ַבּ ָבּ ָ֔שׁן ִשׁ ִשּׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫שׁר ַבּגִּ ְל ֗ ָﬠד ל֚ וֹ ֶ ֤ח ֶבל ַא ְרגּ ֹ֙ב ֲא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ן־מנַ ֶ֜שּׁה ֲא‬ ְ ‫מת גִּ ְל ָ ֑ﬠד ֡לוֹ ַחוּ ֹ֩ת יָ ִ֨איר ֶבּ‬ ֹ ֣ ‫ן־גּ ֶ֖בר ְבּ ָר‬ ֶ ‫ֶבּ‬ ‫וּב ִ ֥ר ַי� נְ ֽחֹ ֶשׁת׃ ס‬ ְ ‫חוֹמה‬ ָ֖ 4:13

‫חוֹמה‬ ָ

Twice plene in the book

1 Kgs 4:13; 20:30 (‫חוֹמה‬ ָ ‫)ה‬ ַ

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences in the book of this lemma written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences in the book written defective ‫)הח ָֹמה( ו‬. ַ The Mm for this lemma may be found at Exod 14:29 sub ‫ח ָֹמה‬.

1 KINGS

73

1 KINGS 4:14 ‫ן־ﬠ ֖דּ ֹא ַמ ֲח ָנֽ יְ ָמה׃‬ ִ ‫ֲא ִ ֽחינָ ָ ֥דב ֶבּ‬ 4:14

‫ִﬠדֹּא‬

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its four occurrences written plene ‫)ﬠדּוֹא( ו‬. ִ The Mm for this lemma may be found at Zech 1:7 sub ‫ﬠדּוֹא‬. ִ 4:14

‫ַמ ֲחנָ יְ ָמה‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

2 Sam 17:24; 17:27; 1 Kgs 4:14 —————————— ‫ ַמ ֲחנָ יְ ָמה‬three times 2 Sam 17:24 2 Sam 17:27 1 Kgs 4:14

Mm

‫מחנימה ̇ג‬

‫ודוד בא‬ ‫ויהי כבוא‬ ‫אחינדב‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (6x) without this adverbial ending (‫)מ ֲחנָ יִ ם‬. ַ

1 KINGS 4:16 ‫וּב ָﬠ ֽלוֹת׃ ס‬ ְ ‫ן־חוּשׁי ְבּ ָא ֵ ֖שׁר‬ ָ֔ ‫ַ ֽבּ ֲﬠנָ ֙א ֶבּ‬ 4:16

‫חוּשׁי‬ ָ֔

Unique zaqeṕ qameṣ

‫קמצ‬ ̇ ‫̇ל זקף‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a qameṣ due to the zaqeṕ accent.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words occurring only once with a qameṣ and zaqeṕ; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §21.

74

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 4:17 ‫שׂכר׃ ס‬ ֽ ָ ‫ן־פּ ֖ר ַוּ� ְבּיִ ָשׂ‬ ָ ‫הוֹשׁ ָ ֥פט ֶבּ‬ ָ ְ‫י‬

4:17

�‫רוּ‬ ַ ‫ָפּ‬

Unique and plene

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written plene ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective.

1 KINGS 4:18 ‫ן־א ָל֖א ְבּ ִבנְ יָ ִ ֽמן׃ ס‬ ֵ ‫ִשׁ ְמ ִ ֥ﬠי ֶב‬ 4:18

‫ֵא ָלא‬

Unique written ‫א‬

‫כת ̇א‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written with an ‫א‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (13x) written with a ‫)א ָלה( ה‬. ֵ

1 KINGS 4:19 ‫יחוֹן ׀ ֶ ֣מ ֶל� ָה ֱאמ ִ ֹ֗רי וְ ע ֹ֙ג ֶ ֣מ ֶל� ַה ָבּ ָ֔שׁן וּנְ ִ ֥ציב ֶא ָ ֖חד ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָבּ ָ ֽא ֶרץ׃‬ ֣ ‫ן־א ִ ֖רי ְבּ ֶ ֣א ֶרץ גִּ ְל ָ ֑ﬠד ֶ֜א ֶרץ ִס‬ ֻ ‫ֶגּ ֶ֥בר ֶבּ‬ 4:19

‫ֻא ִרי‬

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (5x) written plene ‫)אוּרי( ו‬. ִ 4:19

‫וְ עֹג‬

Unique defective

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence written plene ‫ )וְ עוֹג( ו‬at Deut 29:6.

1 KINGS

75

1 KINGS 4:20 ‫וּשׂ ֵמ ִ ֽחים׃‬ ְ ‫ל־היָּ ֖ם ָל ֑ר ֹב א ְֹכ ִ ֥לים וְ שׁ ִ ֹ֖תים‬ ַ ‫ר־ﬠ‬ ַ ‫הוּדה וְ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ַר ִ֔בּים ַכּ ֥חוֹל ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֤ ָ ְ‫י‬ 4:20

‫וְ שׁ ִֹתים‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 30:16.

1 KINGS 5:1 ‫ן־הנָּ ָה ֙ר ֶ ֣א ֶרץ ְפּ ִל ְשׁ ִ֔תּים וְ ַ ֖ﬠד גְּ ֣בוּל ִמ ְצ ָ ֑ריִ ם ַמגִּ ִ ֥שׁים ִמנְ ָ ֛חה וְ ע ְֹב ִ ֥דים ֶאת־‬ ַ ‫ל־ה ַמּ ְמ ָל ֔כוֹת ִמ‬ ַ ‫מוֹשׁל֙ ְבּ ָכ‬ ֵ ‫מה ָה ָי֤ה‬ ֹ ֗ �‫וּשׁ‬ ְ ‫מה ָכּל־יְ ֵ ֥מי ַחיָּ ֽיו׃ פ‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ְשׁ‬ 5:1

‫מוֹשׁל‬ ֵ

Fourteen times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ד‬

Mp

1–5 2 Sam 23:3a; 23:3b; 1 Kgs 5:1; Mic 5:1; Ps 89:10 6–10 Prov 23:1; 28:15; 29:26; Qoh 9:17; 10:4 (‫מּוֹשׁל‬ ֵ ‫)ה‬ ַ 11–14 1 Chr 29:12; 2 Chr 7:18; 9:26; 20:6

Com.: The Masorah notes the fourteen occurrences of this lemma in various forms written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (19x) in various forms written defective ‫)מ ֵֹשׁל( ו‬.

ML, contra M, has only thirteen occurrences of this lemma since it writes the form at Prov 28:15 defective ‫ ;)מ ֵֹשׁל( ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 286. However, all the Mp headings, apart from that at Ps 89:10 (see below) read fourteen times, thus supporting the enumeration inherent in the text of M. The Mp heading at Ps 89:10 incorrectly reads five times plene. 5:1

‫וְ ַﬠד גְּ בוּל‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 13:3.

Mp

1 KINGS

75

1 KINGS 4:20 ‫וּשׂ ֵמ ִ ֽחים׃‬ ְ ‫ל־היָּ ֖ם ָל ֑ר ֹב א ְֹכ ִ ֥לים וְ שׁ ִ ֹ֖תים‬ ַ ‫ר־ﬠ‬ ַ ‫הוּדה וְ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ַר ִ֔בּים ַכּ ֥חוֹל ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֤ ָ ְ‫י‬ 4:20

‫וְ שׁ ִֹתים‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 30:16.

1 KINGS 5:1 ‫ן־הנָּ ָה ֙ר ֶ ֣א ֶרץ ְפּ ִל ְשׁ ִ֔תּים וְ ַ ֖ﬠד גְּ ֣בוּל ִמ ְצ ָ ֑ריִ ם ַמגִּ ִ ֥שׁים ִמנְ ָ ֛חה וְ ע ְֹב ִ ֥דים ֶאת־‬ ַ ‫ל־ה ַמּ ְמ ָל ֔כוֹת ִמ‬ ַ ‫מוֹשׁל֙ ְבּ ָכ‬ ֵ ‫מה ָה ָי֤ה‬ ֹ ֗ �‫וּשׁ‬ ְ ‫מה ָכּל־יְ ֵ ֥מי ַחיָּ ֽיו׃ פ‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ְשׁ‬ 5:1

‫מוֹשׁל‬ ֵ

Fourteen times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ד‬

Mp

1–5 2 Sam 23:3a; 23:3b; 1 Kgs 5:1; Mic 5:1; Ps 89:10 6–10 Prov 23:1; 28:15; 29:26; Qoh 9:17; 10:4 (‫מּוֹשׁל‬ ֵ ‫)ה‬ ַ 11–14 1 Chr 29:12; 2 Chr 7:18; 9:26; 20:6

Com.: The Masorah notes the fourteen occurrences of this lemma in various forms written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (19x) in various forms written defective ‫)מ ֵֹשׁל( ו‬.

ML, contra M, has only thirteen occurrences of this lemma since it writes the form at Prov 28:15 defective ‫ ;)מ ֵֹשׁל( ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 286. However, all the Mp headings, apart from that at Ps 89:10 (see below) read fourteen times, thus supporting the enumeration inherent in the text of M. The Mp heading at Ps 89:10 incorrectly reads five times plene. 5:1

‫וְ ַﬠד גְּ בוּל‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 13:3.

Mp

76

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

5:1

‫ַמגִּ ִשׁים‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 5:1; 2 Kgs 4:5 (‫ישׁים‬ ִ ִ‫;*)מגּ‬ ַ Mal 1:7 (‫ישׁים‬ ִ ִ‫)מגּ‬ ַ

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, twice written plene first ‫( י‬2 Kgs 4:5 and Mal 1:7), and once written defective first ‫( י‬here). This is expressly stated as twice plene, and once defective in the Mm of MC here, and in the Mm of ML at Mal 1:7.

* ML, contrary to M (‫ישׁים‬ ִ ִ‫)מגּ‬ ַ reads the form at 2 Kgs 4:5 defective first ‫;)מגִּ ִשׁים( י‬ ַ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 120, and the heading of its Mm there reads twice defective and once plene. 5:1

‫וְ ע ְֹב ִדים‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its three occurrences without a cj.

1 KINGS 5:3 ‫בוּסים׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫וּב ְר ֻבּ ִ ֖רים ֲא‬ ַ ‫בי וְ יַ ְח ֔מוּר‬ ֙ ִ ‫וּצ‬ ְ ‫וּמ ָאה ֑צ ֹאן ֠ ְל ַבד ֵ ֽמ ַאיָּ ֤ל‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ֲﬠ ָשׂ ָ ֨רה ָב ָ ֜קר ְבּ ִר ִ֗אים וְ ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֥רים ָבּ ָ ֛ קר ְר ִ ֖ﬠי‬ 5:3

‫ְבּ ִר ִאים‬

Unique and written this way

‫וכת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective first ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written, as might be expected, plene first ‫י‬. 5:3

‫וּצ ִבי‬ ְ

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Deut 14:5; 1 Kgs 5:3; Ezek 7:20

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (12x) without a cj. 5:3

Unique

‫וּב ְר ֻבּ ִרים‬ ַ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 5:3

‫בוּסים‬ ִ ‫ֲא‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

77

Mp

1 KINGS 5:4 ‫ל־ﬠ ָב ָ ֖ריו‬ ֲ ‫ל־מ ְל ֵכ֖י ֵﬠ ֶ֣בר ַהנָּ ָ ֑הר וְ ָשׁ ֗לוֹם ָ ֥היָ ה ל֛ וֹ ִמ ָכּ‬ ַ ‫ד־ﬠ ָ֔זּה ְבּ ָכ‬ ַ ‫ל־ﬠ ֶ֣בר ַהנָּ ָ֗הר ִמ ִתּ ְפ ַס ֙ח וְ ַﬠ‬ ֵ ‫י־הוּא ר ֶֹד֣ה ׀ ְבּ ָכ‬ ֞ ‫ִכּ‬ ‫ִמ ָסּ ִ ֽביב׃‬ 5:4

‫ר ֶֹדה‬

Twice

Mp

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 5:4; Isa 14:6

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of homonyms; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §59, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §60, but both words seem to have the same meaning (to rule; see HALOT 2:1190) in both passages; see Dotan, The Awakening, 128.

5:4

‫ד־ﬠזָּ ה‬ ַ ‫וְ ַﬠ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See Josh 10:41. 5:4

‫וְ ָשׁלוֹם‬

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 5:4; Ps 85:11; Prov 3:2; 1 Chr 12:19; 22:9

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) without a conjunction. 5:4

Twice

‫ֲﬠ ָב ָריו‬ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 5:4; Jer 49:32

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written with a ‫ר‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (98x) written with a ‫)ﬠ ָב ָדיו( ד‬. ֲ In ML this lemma does not have a circellus.

78

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 5:5 ‫מה׃ ס‬ ֹ ֽ �‫ד־בּ ֵ ֣אר ָ ֑שׁ ַבע ֖כֹּל יְ ֵ ֥מי ְשׁ‬ ְ ‫הוּדה וְ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֜אל ָל ֶ֗ב ַטח ִ ֣אישׁ ַ ֤תּ ַחת גַּ ְפ ֙נוֹ וְ ַ ֣ת ַחת ְתּ ֵ ֽאנָ ֔תוֹ ִמ ָ ֖דּן וְ ַﬠ‬ ֨ ָ ְ‫וַ יֵּ ֶשׁב֩ י‬

5:5

‫וְ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬

Thirty-three times

‫̇ל ̇ג‬

Com.: See Josh 22:22. 5:5

Mp

‫ִאישׁ ַתּ ַחת גַּ ְפנוֹ וְ ַת ַחת ְתּ ֵאנָ תוֹ‬

Twice

Mp

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 5:5; Mic 4:4

—————————— ‫ ִאישׁ ַתּ ַחת גַּ ְפנוֹ וְ ַת ַחת ְתּ ֵאנָ תוֹ‬twice

1 Kgs 5:5 Mic 4:4

‫איש תחת גפנו ותחת תאנתו ̇ב‬

Mm

‫וישב יהודה וישראל‬ ‫וישבו איש תחת גפנו‬

Com.: In ML circelli have been placed only on the first two and the last two words. With four- or five-word phrases it is not unusual for only two circelli to be given; see Josh 1:6 and passim.

1 KINGS 5:6 ‫ים־ﬠ ָ ֥שׂר ֶ ֖א ֶלף ָפּ ָר ִ ֽשׁים׃‬ ָ ֵ‫וּשׁנ‬ ְ ‫סוּסים ְל ֶמ ְר ָכּ ֑בוֹ‬ ֖ ִ ‫מה ַא ְר ָבּ ִ ֥ﬠים ֶ ֛א ֶלף ֻא ְרוֹ֥ ת‬ ֹ ֗ �‫וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ִל ְשׁ‬ 5:6 Unique

‫ֻא ְרוֹת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma, to distinguish it from the sole occurrence of its alternate form ‫ ֻא ְריוֹת‬in the parallel passage of 2 Chr 9:25. 5:6

Unique

‫ְל ֶמ ְר ָכּבוֹ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫ל‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence without a prep. at Cant 3:10.

1 KINGS

79

1 KINGS 5:7 ‫מה ִ ֣אישׁ ָח ְד ֑שׁוֹ ֥ל ֹא יְ ַﬠ ְדּ ֖רוּ‬ ֹ ֖ �‫�־שׁ‬ ְ ‫ל־שׁ ְל ַ ֥חן ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל‬ ֻ ‫ל־ה ָקּ ֵ ֛רב ֶא‬ ַ ‫מה וְ ֵ ֧את ָכּ‬ ֹ ֗ �‫ת־ה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ַ ‫וְ ִכ ְל ְכּלוּ֩ ַהנִּ ָצּ ִ֨בים ָה ֵ֜א ֶלּה ֶא‬ ‫ָדּ ָ ֽבר׃‬ 5:7

‫וְ ִכ ְל ְכּלוּ‬

Twice

Mp

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 4:7; 5:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence pointed as ‫ וְ ָכ ְל ְכּלוּ‬at 1 Kgs 20:27. 5:7

‫ַה ָקּ ֵרב‬

Seven times

Mp

̇‫ז‬

1–5 Num 1:51; 3:10; 3:38; 17:28a; 17:28b 6–7 Num 18:7; 1 Kgs 5:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma with a ṣerê under the ‫ר‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences with a ḥolem (‫)ה ָקּר ֹב‬. ַ 5:7

Twice

‫ל־שׁ ְל ַחן‬ ֻ ‫ֶא‬

Mp

‫̇ב‬

1 Sam 20:29; 1 Kgs 5:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with ‫אל‬, ֶ to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ַﬠל ֻשׁ ְל ַחן( ַﬠל‬at 2 Sam 9:13. 5:7

Unique

‫יְ ַﬠ ְדּרוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

80

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 5:8 ‫ה־שּׁם ִ ֖אישׁ ְכּ ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ֽטוֹ׃ ס‬ ָ֔ ֶ‫שׁר יִ ְֽהי‬ ֣ ֶ ‫קוֹם ֲא‬ ֙ ‫ל־ה ָמּ‬ ַ ‫סּוּסים וְ ָל ָ ֑ר ֶכשׁ יָ ִ֗באוּ ֶא‬ ֖ ִ ‫וְ ַה ְשּׂע ִ ֹ֣רים וְ ַה ֶ֔תּ ֶבן ַל‬

5:8

‫וְ ַה ֶתּ ֶבן‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that occur once with prefix ‫וְ ֶת ֶבן( ו‬, Exod 5:18), and once with prefix ‫( וה‬here); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §9, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §9. 5:8

‫יָ ִבאוּ‬

Nine times

‫̇ט‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 16:5 (‫ ;)יָ ִביאוּ‬18:22 (‫ ;)יָ ִביאוּ‬Lev 10:15 (‫)יָ ִביאוּ‬ Lev 17:5 (‫ ;)יָ ִביאוּ‬Num 18:13 (‫)יָ ִביאוּ‬ 6–9 1 Kgs 5:8; Isa 66:20 (‫ ;)יָ ִביאוּ‬Esth 6:8 (‫ ;)יָ ִביאוּ‬Neh 10:40 (‫)יָ ִביאוּ‬ —————————— ‫ יָ ִבאוּ‬nine times

1–5 Exod 16:5 Exod 18:22 Lev 10:15 Lev 17:5 Num 18:13 6–9 1 Kgs 5:8 Isa 66:20 Esth 6:8 Neh 10:40

‫)יביאו( ]יבאו[ ̇ט‬

Mm

‫והיה ביום הששי‬ ‫ושפטו את העם‬ ‫שוק התרומה‬ ‫למען אשר יביאו בני‬ ‫בכורי כל אשר בארצם‬ ‫והשערים והתבן‬ ‫בני ישראל‬ ‫לבוש מלכות אשר‬ ‫כי אל הלשכות‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences of this lemma in the hiphil to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (52x) in the qal (‫יָ בוֹאוּ‬/‫ ;)יָ בֹאוּ‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §1M.

1 KINGS

81

1 KINGS 5:9 ‫ל־שׂ ַ ֥פת ַהיָּ ֽם׃‬ ְ ‫אד וְ ֣ר ֹ ַחב ֔ ֵלב ַכּ ֕חוֹל ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֑ ‫בוּנ֖ה ַה ְר ֵבּ֣ה ְמ‬ ָ ‫וּת‬ ְ ‫מה‬ ֹ ֛ �‫�הים ָח ְכ ָ ֧מה ִל ְשׁ‬ ִ֨ ‫וַ יִּ ֵתּן֩ ֱא‬ 5:9

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫וַ יִּ ֵתּן ֱא‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without the def. article on ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫א‬, ֱ to distinguish it from its two occurrences with the def. article (‫�הים‬ ִ ‫)וַ יִּ ֵתּן ָה ֱא‬. 5:9

‫וְ ר ַֹחב ֵלב‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ֵלב‬with ‫וְ ר ַֹחב‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ְוּר ַחב ֵלב( ְוּר ַחב‬at Prov 21:4.

1 KINGS 5:10 ‫וּמ ֖כֹּל ָח ְכ ַ ֥מת ִמ ְצ ָ ֽריִ ם׃‬ ִ ‫י־ק ֶדם‬ ֑ ֶ ֵ‫ל־בּנ‬ ְ ‫מה ֵ ֽמ ָח ְכ ַ ֖מת ָכּ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫וַ ֵ֨תּ ֶר ֙ב ָח ְכ ַ ֣מת ְשׁ‬ 5:10

‫וַ ֵתּ ֶרב‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 43:34; 1 Kgs 5:10

Com.: The Mp heading at Gen 43:34 adds the catchwords ‫ ) ָח ְכ ַמת ְשׁ�מֹה( חכמת שלמה‬to refer the reader to this verse.

1 KINGS 5:11 ‫ל־הגּוֹיִ ֖ם ָס ִ ֽביב׃‬ ַ ‫י־שׁ ֥מוֹ ְב ָ ֽכ‬ ְ ‫ימן וְ ַכ ְל ֛כֹּל וְ ַד ְר ַ ֖דּע ְבּ ֵנ֣י ָמ ֑חוֹל וַ יְ ִ ֽה‬ ֧ ָ ‫יתן ָה ֶאזְ ָר ִ֗חי וְ ֵה‬ ֣ ָ ‫ם ֵמ ֵא‬ ֒ ‫ל־ה ָא ָד‬ ֽ ָ ‫וַ יֶּ ְח ַכּ ֮ם ִמ ָכּ‬ 5:11 Unique

‫וַ יֶּ ְח ַכּם‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets that occur once with a ‫ ו‬cj. (Prov 9:9), and once with a ‫ ו‬consec. (here); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §46, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §47.

82

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

5:11

‫וְ ַכ ְלכֹּל‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 5:11; 1 Chr 2:6 5:11

‫וְ ַד ְר ַדּע‬

Unique 5:11

‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫ָמחוֹל‬

Unique as the name of a person

‫̇ל שם אנש‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of unique as the name of a person is inexact since there is no other occurrence of this lemma. The note more precisely should have read unique and the name of a person. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 5:12 ‫וַ יְ ַד ֵ֕בּר ְשׁ�֥ ֶשׁת ֲא ָל ִ ֖פים ָמ ָ ֑שׁל וַ יְ ִ ֥הי ִשׁ ֖ירוֹ ֲח ִמ ָ ֥שּׁה וָ ָ ֽא ֶלף׃‬ 5:12

‫ִשׁירוֹ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 5:12; Ps 42:9 (qərê)

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written with a ‫ו‬. The heading of the Mm at Ps 42:9 reads twice, once written with a ‫( ה‬the kəṯîḇ at Ps 42:9), and once written with a ‫ו‬ (here).

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of homonyms; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §59, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §60, but both words seem to have the same meaning (his song) in both passages.

1 KINGS 5:12

‫וָ ָא ֶלף‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

83

Mp

Num 26:51; 1 Kgs 5:12

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫א‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a səḡôl (‫ )וָ ֶא ֶלף‬at Num 3:50 and Ezra 2:69.

1 KINGS 5:15 ‫מה ִ ֣כּי ָשׁ ַ֔מע ִ ֥כּי א ֹ֛תוֹ ָמ ְשׁ ֥חוּ ְל ֶ ֖מ ֶל� ַ ֣תּ ַחת ָא ִ ֑ביהוּ ִ ֣כּי א ֵֹ֗הב ָה ָי֥ה‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ל־שׁ‬ ְ ‫ת־ﬠ ָב ָד ֙יו ֶא‬ ֲ ‫�־צוֹר ֶא‬ ֤ ‫ירם ֶ ֽמ ֶל‬ ֨ ָ ‫ַו֠יִּ ְשׁ ַלח ִח‬ ‫ל־היָּ ִ ֽמים׃ ס‬ ַ ‫ירם ְל ָדִ ֖וד ָכּ‬ ֛ ָ ‫ִח‬ 5:15

‫צוֹר‬

Ten times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫י‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 5:15; Isa 8:16; Ezek 26:15 (‫;)לצוֹר‬ ְ 27:3a (‫;)לצוֹר‬ ְ 27:3b 6–10 Ezek 27:8; 27:32 (‫ ;) ְכּצוֹר‬28:12; Hos 9:13 (‫ ;) ְלצוֹר‬Ps 83:8 ——————————

‫ צוֹר‬ten times plene, and (their) references 1–5 1 Kgs 5:15 Ezek 26:15 Ezek 27:3a Twice in the verse (Ezek 27:3b) Ezek 27:8 6–10 Ezek 27:32 Ezek 28:12 Isa 8:16 Hos 9:13 Ps 83:8

‫וסימ‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫צור י‬

‫וישלח חירם‬ ‫כה אמר‬ ‫ואמרת‬ ‫שנים בפסוקה‬ ‫חכמיך צור‬ ‫מי כצור כדמה‬ ‫שא קינה‬ ‫צור תעודה‬ ‫אפרים כאשר‬ ‫גבל ועמון ועמלק‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the ten occurrences of this lemma written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (30x) written defective ‫)צֹר( ו‬. 5:15

‫ָא ִביהוּ‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

Com.: See Judg 14:10.

84

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 5:17

‫שׁר ְס ָב ֻב֑הוּ ַ ֤ﬠד ֵתּת־‬ ֣ ֶ ‫�היו ִמ ְפּ ֵנ֥י ַה ִמּ ְל ָח ָ ֖מה ֲא‬ ָ֔ ‫הו֣ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫ת־דִּו֣ד ָא ִ֗בי ִ ֣כּי ֤ל ֹא יָ כֹל֙ ִל ְבנ֣ וֹת ַ֗בּיִ ת ְל ֵשׁ ֙ם י‬ ָ ‫ַא ָ֨תּה יָ ַ ֜ד ְﬠ ָתּ ֶא‬ ‫יְ הוָ ֙ה א ָֹ֔תם ַ ֖תּ ַחת ַכּ ֥פּוֹת ַרגְ ָ ֽלו׃‬ 5:17

‫אַתּה‬ ָ

Seven times at the beginning of a verse in the Prophets

‫בנביא‬ ̇ ‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫ראש‬ ̇ ̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 5:17; 8:43; Jer 15:15; 46:28; Ezek 43:10 6–7 Mic 6:14; 6:15

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma at the beginning of a verse in the Prophets without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (59x) at the beginning of a verse in the Prophets with a ‫ ו‬cj.

The Mp headings at Jer 15:15 and Ezek 43:10 mistakenly read seven times at the beginning of a verse in the book, instead of seven times at the beginning of a verse in the Prophets. 5:17

Four times

‫לֹא יָ כֹל‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Gen 32:26; 1 Kgs 5:17; 14:4; 2 Chr 7:7 (‫)לֹא יָ כוֹל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) with a ‫ ו‬cj.

In ML the circellus has been placed on ‫ ִכּי לֹא‬but, since this phrase occurs more than twohundred times, the circellus must belong on ‫לֹא יָ כֹל‬, which only occurs four times. 5:17

‫ְס ָב ֻבהוּ‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 5:17

‫ַרגְ ָלו‬

Read ‫ַרגְ ָלי‬

‫רגלי קרי‬

85

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ )רגלו‬and qərê (‫ ַ)רגְ ָלי‬forms represent variants in person. According to Cohen (The Kethiḇ and Qeri System, 261–62) the qərê (my feet) represents a change due to a desire to avoid the anthropomorphism of the kəṯîḇ (his feet, i.e., God’s feet). This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that are written with a ‫ ו‬at the end but read with a ‫ ;י‬see the Mm at Dan 3:19 sub ‫אשׁתנו‬, Frensdorff, Ochlah, §136, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §120.

1 KINGS 5:19 �‫מר ִבּנְ ֗� ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ֶא ֵ ֤תּן ַתּ ְח ֶ֨תּ ֙י‬ ֹ ֔ ‫בי ֵלא‬ ֙ ִ ‫ל־דִּו֤ד ָא‬ ָ ‫הוה ֶא‬ ָ֗ ְ‫שׁר ׀ ִדּ ֶבּ֣ר י‬ ֣ ֶ ‫�הי ַכּ ֲא‬ ֑ ָ ‫הו֣ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫וְ ִהנְ ִנ֣י א ֵֹ֔מר ִל ְבנ֣ וֹת ַ֔בּיִ ת ְל ֵ ֖שׁם י‬ ‫ל־כּ ְס ֶ֔א� ֽהוּא־יִ ְב ֶנ֥ה ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ִל ְשׁ ִ ֽמי׃‬ ִ ‫ַﬠ‬ 5:19

‫וְ ִהנְ נִ י‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Gen 6:13; 1 Kgs 5:19; 17:12

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) without a cj.

1 KINGS 5:20 ‫ֹאמר ִ ֣כּי‬ ֑ ֵ ‫שׁר תּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וּשׂ ַכ֤ר ֲﬠ ָב ֶ ֨ד ֙י� ֶא ֵ ֣תּן ְל ֔� ְכּ ֖כֹל ֲא‬ ְ �‫ם־ﬠ ָב ֶ ֔די‬ ֲ ‫ן־ה ְלּ ָבנ֗ וֹן ַ ֽו ֲﬠ ָב ַד֙י יִ ְהי֣ וּ ִﬠ‬ ַ ‫תוּ־לי ֲא ָר ִ֜זים ִמ‬ ִ ֨ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָ֡תּה ַצוֵּ ֩ה וְ יִ ְכ ְר‬ ‫ת־ﬠ ִ ֖צים ַכּ ִצּד ִ ֹֽנים׃‬ ֵ ‫׀ ַא ָ ֣תּה יָ ַ ֗ד ְﬠ ָתּ ִ ֣כּי ֵ ֥אין ָ ֛בּנוּ ִ ֛אישׁ י ֵ ֹ֥ד ַ� ִל ְכ ָר‬ 5:20

‫ַצוֵּ ה‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See Josh 4:16. 5:20

‫וּשׂ ַכר‬ ְ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

1 Kgs 5:20; Zech 8:10

86

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its three occurrences without a cj. 5:20

‫ֹאמר‬ ֵ ‫תּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 5:20; Prov 1:21

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ṣerê under the ‫מ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (53x) with a paṯaḥ (‫ֹאמר‬ ַ ‫ ;)תּ‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §9M. 5:20

‫ַכּ ִצּד ֹנִ ים‬

Five times defective

Com.: See Judg 18:7.

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1 KINGS 5:21 ‫אמר ָבּ ֤רוּ� יְ הוָ ֙ה ַהיּ֔ וֹם ֲא ֶ֨שׁר נָ ַ ֤תן ְל ָדוִ ֙ד ֵבּ֣ן ָח ָ֔כם ַﬠל־‬ ֶ ֹ ‫אד וַ ֗יּ‬ ֹ ֑ ‫מה וַ יִּ ְשׂ ַ ֣מח ְמ‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ת־דּ ְב ֵ ֥רי ְשׁ‬ ִ ‫ירם ֶא‬ ֛ ָ ‫מ ַ� ִח‬ ֹ ֧ ‫וַ יְ ִ֞הי ִכּ ְשׁ‬ ‫ָה ָ ֥ﬠם ָה ָ ֖רב ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ 5:21

‫וַ יְ ִ֞הי‬

Nine times with this accent (geršayim) in the book Com.: See 1 Kgs 3:18. 5:21

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

‫ל־ה ָﬠם‬ ָ ‫ַﬠ‬

Eight times and similarly all Ezra Com.: See 1 Sam 11:7.

‫דכות‬ ̇ ‫̇ח וכל עזרא‬

Mp

Mp

1 KINGS 5:22 ‫ל־ח ְפ ְצ ֔� ַבּ ֲﬠ ֵ ֥צי ֲא ָר ִז֖ים‬ ֶ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ר־שׁ ַל ְ֖ח ָתּ ֵא ָל֑י ֲא ִנ֤י ֶ ֽא ֱﬠ ֶשׂ ֙ה ֶא‬ ָ ‫מר ָשׁ ַ֕מ ְﬠ ִתּי ֵ ֥את ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫מה ֵלא‬ ֹ ֣ �‫ל־שׁ‬ ְ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַל֤ח ִח ָיר ֙ם ֶא‬ ‫רוֹשׁים׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫וּב ֲﬠ ֵ ֥צי ְב‬ ַ 5:22 Unique

�‫ל־ח ְפ ְצ‬ ֶ ‫ָכּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

87

1 KINGS 5:23 ‫ר־תּ ְשׁ ַ ֥לח ֵא ַל֛י וְ נִ ַפּ ְצ ִ ֥תּים ָ ֖שׁם וְ ַא ָ ֣תּה‬ ִ ‫ד־ה ָמּ ֞קוֹם ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ַ ‫ימם דּ ְֹב ֤רוֹת ַבּיָּ ֙ם ַ ֽﬠ‬ ֵ֨ ‫ן־ה ְלּ ָבנ֜ וֹן ָ֗י ָמּה ַו ֲ֠אנִ י ֲא ִשׂ‬ ַ ‫ֲ֠ﬠ ָב ַדי י ִ ֹ֨רדוּ ִמ‬ ‫יתי׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫ת־ח ְפ ִ֔צי ָל ֵ ֖תת ֶ ֥ל ֶחם ֵבּ‬ ֶ ‫שׂה ֶא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ִת ָ ֑שּׂא וְ ַא ָתּ ֙ה ַתּ ֲﬠ‬ 5:23

‫י ִֹרדוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Num 1:51 (‫;)יוֹרידוּ‬ ִ 1 Kgs 5:23 ——————————

‫ י ִֹרדוּ‬twice, once defective, and once plene

Num 1:51 1 Kgs 5:23

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫חס וחד‬ ̇ ‫ירדו ̇ב חד‬

Mm

‫ובנסע המשכן )ירידו( ]יורידו[ אתו‬ ‫עבדי ירדו מן הלבנון‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written plene first ‫ ו‬and plene second ‫( י‬Num 1:51), and one written defective first ‫ ו‬and defective second ‫( י‬here).

The Mp heading at Num 1:51 reads unique plene noting the sole occurrence of its form written doubly plene. 5:23

‫דּ ְֹברוֹת‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Num 27:7 (‫ ;)דּ ְֹבר ֹת‬1 Kgs 5:23 ——————————

‫ דּ ְֹברוֹת‬twice in two meanings, once plene and once defective Num 27:7 1 Kgs 5:23

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫מל וחד‬ ̇ ‫דברות ב בתרין לשנין חד‬

Mm

‫כן בנות צלפחד דברת‬ ‫ואני אשימם )דברובּ( ]דברות[ בים‬

And once (‫)הדּ ְֹברוֹת‬: ַ Ps 31:19

‫וחד הדברות על צדיק עתק‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, once written plene second ‫ו‬ (here), and once written defective second ‫( ו‬Num 27:7) in two different meanings. The form at Num 27:7 means speaking, the form here means rafts.

88

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

The Mm additionally notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a def. article (‫)הדּ ְֹברוֹת‬ ַ at Ps 31:19. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of homonyms; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §59, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §60 5:23

‫ד־ה ָמּקוֹם‬ ַ ‫ַﬠ‬

Twice unusually

‫מיוח‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Gen 13:3; 1 Kgs 5:23

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two unusual occurrences of ‫ד־ה ָמּקוֹם‬ ַ ‫ ַﬠ‬without ‫ ַהזֶּ ה‬as at Deut 1:31; 9:7; and 11:5.

The Mp at Deut 9:7, and the Mp of MA here, read five times for all five occurrences of this phrase. MC has no note here.

1 KINGS 5:24 ‫ל־ח ְפ ֽצוֹ׃‬ ֶ ‫רוֹשׁים ָכּ‬ ֖ ִ ‫מה ֲﬠ ֵצ֧י ֲא ָר ִז֛ים וַ ֲﬠ ֵ ֥צי ְב‬ ֹ ֗ �‫ירוֹם נ ֵ ֹ֣תן ִל ְשׁ‬ ֜ ‫וַ יְ ִ֨הי ִח‬ 5:24

‫ִחירוֹם‬

Three times and plene

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 5:24; 5:32; 7:40

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written with a ḥolem to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (19x) written with a qameṣ (‫;)ח ָירם‬ ִ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §318.

By noting that this lemma occurs three times and is written plene ‫ י‬and/or ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective (‫י‬ and/or ‫)ו‬.

1 KINGS 5:25 ‫ירם‬ ֖ ָ ‫מה ְל ִח‬ ֹ ֛ �‫שׁ ֶמן ָכּ ִ ֑תית ֽכֹּה־יִ ֵ ֧תּן ְשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫יתוֹ וְ ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֥רים ֖כֹּר‬ ֔ ‫ים ַמ ֣כֹּ ֶלת ְל ֵב‬ ֙ ‫ים ֶ֨א ֶלף ֤כֹּר ִח ִטּ‬ ֩ ‫ירם ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִר‬ ֜ ָ ‫וּשׁ�מ ֹ֩ה נָ ַ֨תן ְל ִח‬ ְ ‫ָשׁ ָנ֥ה ְב ָשׁ ָנֽה׃ פ‬ 5:25 Unique

‫ַמכּ ֶֹלת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

89

1 KINGS 5:26 ‫יהם׃‬ ֽ ֶ ֵ‫מה וַ יִּ ְכ ְר ֥תוּ ְב ִ ֖רית ְשׁנ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫מה ַכּ ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ִדּ ֶבּר־ל֑ וֹ וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ָשׁ ֗�ם ֵבּ֤ין ִח ָיר ֙ם ֵוּב֣ין ְשׁ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫יהוה נָ ַ ֤תן ָח ְכ ָמ ֙ה ִל ְשׁ‬ ָ֗ ַ‫ו‬ 5:26

‫יהוה‬ ָ֗ ַ‫ו‬

Six times at the beginning of a verse

‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫ראש‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 19:24; 1 Kgs 5:26; Joel 2:11; Jonah 1:4; Job 42:10 6 Job 42:12

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma at the beginning of a verse with the accent rəḇîaʿ, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (26x) at the beginning of a verse with different accents.

The heading of the Mm at Job 42:10 reads six times with the accent (rəḇîaʿ) at the beginning of a verse. 5:26

‫ָשׁ�ם‬

Eight times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 2:5. 5:26

Unique

Mp

‫יהם‬ ֶ ֵ‫וַ יִּ ְכ ְרתוּ ְב ִרית ְשׁנ‬ Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the phrase ‫ וַ יִּ ְכ ְרתוּ ְב ִרית‬with ‫יהם‬ ֶ ֵ‫שׁנ‬, ְ to distinguish it from its occurrence without ‫יהם‬ ֶ ֵ‫ )וַ יִּ ְכ ְרתוּ ְב ִרית( ְשׁנ‬at Gen 21:32.

1 KINGS 5:28 ‫ירם ַﬠל־‬ ֖ ָ ִ‫יתוֹ וַ ֲאד ֹנ‬ ֑ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָל ֵ ֣חם ְל ָבנ֗ וֹנָ ה ֲﬠ ֶ֨שׂ ֶרת ֲא ָל ִ ֤פים ַבּ ֨חֹ ֶד ֙שׁ ֲח ִל ֔יפוֹת ֚חֹ ֶדשׁ יִ ְהי֣ וּ ַב ְלּ ָבנ֔ וֹן ְשׁ ַנ֥ יִ ם ֳח ָד ִ ֖שׁים ְבּ ֵב‬ ‫ַה ַ ֽמּס׃ ס‬ 5:28 Four times

‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָל ֵחם‬ ‫̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 8:9.

Mp

90

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

5:28

‫ְל ָבנוֹנָ ה‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (17x) without this adverbial ending. 5:28

‫וַ ֲאד ֹנִ ָירם‬

Twice and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 4:6.

Mp

1 KINGS 5:29 ‫וּשׁמ ִ ֹ֥נים ֶ ֖א ֶלף ח ֵ ֹ֥צב ָבּ ָ ֽהר׃‬ ְ ‫ֹשׂא ַס ָ ֑בּל‬ ֣ ֵ ‫מה ִשׁ ְב ִ ֥ﬠים ֶ ֖א ֶלף נ‬ ֹ ֛ �‫וַ יְ ִ ֧הי ִל ְשׁ‬ 5:29

‫נ ֵֹשׂא‬

Thirty-eight times

‫̇ל ̇ח‬

Mp

Com.: The enumeration given in the Mp heading here of thirty-eight is incorrect as there are thirty-nine occurrences of this lemma. See 1 Sam 16:21.

Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 5:30 ‫וּשׁ�֣ שׁ ֵמ ֑אוֹת ָהר ִ ֹ֣דים ָבּ ֔ ָﬠם ָהע ִ ֹ֖שׂים‬ ְ ‫אכה ְשׁ�֥ ֶשׁת ֲא ָל ִ ֖פים‬ ָ֔ ‫ל־ה ְמּ ָל‬ ַ ‫שׁר ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫֠ ְל ַבד ִמ ָשּׂ ֵ ֨רי ַהנִּ ָצּ ִ ֤בים ִל ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ֲא‬ ‫אכה׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫ַבּ ְמּ ָל‬ 5:30

‫ָהר ִֹדים‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 5:30; 9:23; 2 Chr 8:10

1 KINGS 5:31 ‫וַ יְ ַצ֣ו ַה ֶ֡מּ ֶל� וַ יַּ ִסּעוּ֩ ֲא ָב ֨ ִנים גְּ ד ֹ֜לוֹת ֲא ָב ִנ֧ים יְ ָק ֛רוֹת ְליַ ֵ ֥סּד ַה ָ ֖בּיִ ת ַא ְב ֵנ֥י גָ ִ ֽזית׃‬ 5:31

‫וַ יַּ ִסּעוּ‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

91

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene. 5:31

‫ַה ָבּיִ ת‬

Four times with qameṣ

‫קמצ‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Gen 17:12 (‫;)בּיִ ת‬ ָ 17:27 (‫;)בּיִ ת‬ ָ 1 Kgs 5:31; 6:4 (‫)ל ָבּיִ ת‬ ַ

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with various prefixes which, although not accented ʾaṯnaḥ nor sôṕ pasûq, are pointed with a qameṣ; see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §189.

1 KINGS 5:32 ‫מה וּב ֵֹנ֥י ִח ֖ירוֹם וְ ַהגִּ ְב ִ ֑לים וַ יָּ ִ ֛כינוּ ָה ֵﬠ ִ ֥צים וְ ָה ֲא ָב ִנ֖ים ִל ְבנ֥ וֹת ַה ָ ֽבּיִ ת׃ פ‬ ֹ ֛ �‫ַוֽ יִּ ְפ ְס ֞לוּ בּ ֵֹנ֧י ְשׁ‬ 5:32

‫בֹּנֵ י‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 5:32; 5:32 (‫ ;)וּבֹנֵ י‬Ps 147:2 (‫)בּו̇ נֵ ה‬ ——————————

‫ בּו̇ נֵ ה‬twice, once written ‫בֹּנֵ י‬, and once written ‫בּו̇ נֵ ה‬ 1 Kgs 5:32 Ps 147:2

‫כת בונה‬ ̇ ‫כת בני וחד‬ ̇ ‫בונה ̇ב חד‬

Mm

‫ויפסלו‬ ‫ירושלם‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in various forms written with a ṣerê, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (5x) in various forms with a səḡôl.

The Mp headings both here and at Ps 147:2 note all three forms of this lemma including the one in this verse with a ‫ ו‬cj., but the Mm here only deals with the two forms without the ‫ ו‬cj. However, the Mm at Ps 147:2 lists all three forms, and notes the contrast between these forms and those pointed with a səḡôl. This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One is in a list of words occurring three times, twice without the ‫ ו‬cj. and once with it; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §13, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §14.

92

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

The other is in a list of doublets that occur once in the Psalms (Ps 147:2) and once in another part of the Bible (here); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §60, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §61. 5:32

‫וּבֹנֵ י‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See immediately above. 5:32

‫ִחירוֹם‬

Three times

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 5:24.

1 KINGS 6:1 ‫יﬠית ְבּ ֣חֹ ֶדשׁ ִ֗זו ֚הוּא‬ ִ ֜ ‫ץ־מ ְצ ַריִ ֩ם ַבּ ָשּׁ ֨ ָנה ָה ְר ִב‬ ִ ‫מוֹנ֣ים ָשׁ ָנ֣ה וְ ַא ְר ַבּ֣ע ֵמ ֣אוֹת ָשׁ ֡ ָנה ְל ֵצ֣את ְבּ ֵנֽי־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֣אל ֵמ ֶ ֽא ֶר‬ ִ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ִב ְשׁ‬ ‫יהוֽה׃‬ ָ ‫מה ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל וַ יִּ ֶ֥בן ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ַל‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ַה ֣חֹ ֶדשׁ ַה ֵשּׁ ֔ ִני ִל ְמ�֥ � ְשׁ‬ 6:1

‫ִב ְשׁמוֹנִ ים‬

Six times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Com.: See Judg 3:30. 6:1

‫ְל ֵצאת‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Mp

Exod 19:1; Num 33:38; 1 Kgs 6:1 —————————— ‫ ְל ֵצאת‬three times Exod 19:1 Num 33:38 1 Kgs 6:1

‫לצאת ̇ג‬

Mm

‫בחדש השלישי לצאת‬ ‫ויעל אהרן הכהן‬ ‫ויהי בשמונים שנה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a šəwâ under the ‫ל‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) with a qameṣ (‫;)ל ֵצאת‬ ָ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §2P.

92

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

The other is in a list of doublets that occur once in the Psalms (Ps 147:2) and once in another part of the Bible (here); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §60, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §61. 5:32

‫וּבֹנֵ י‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See immediately above. 5:32

‫ִחירוֹם‬

Three times

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 5:24.

1 KINGS 6:1 ‫יﬠית ְבּ ֣חֹ ֶדשׁ ִ֗זו ֚הוּא‬ ִ ֜ ‫ץ־מ ְצ ַריִ ֩ם ַבּ ָשּׁ ֨ ָנה ָה ְר ִב‬ ִ ‫מוֹנ֣ים ָשׁ ָנ֣ה וְ ַא ְר ַבּ֣ע ֵמ ֣אוֹת ָשׁ ֡ ָנה ְל ֵצ֣את ְבּ ֵנֽי־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֣אל ֵמ ֶ ֽא ֶר‬ ִ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ִב ְשׁ‬ ‫יהוֽה׃‬ ָ ‫מה ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל וַ יִּ ֶ֥בן ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ַל‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ַה ֣חֹ ֶדשׁ ַה ֵשּׁ ֔ ִני ִל ְמ�֥ � ְשׁ‬ 6:1

‫ִב ְשׁמוֹנִ ים‬

Six times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Com.: See Judg 3:30. 6:1

‫ְל ֵצאת‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Mp

Exod 19:1; Num 33:38; 1 Kgs 6:1 —————————— ‫ ְל ֵצאת‬three times Exod 19:1 Num 33:38 1 Kgs 6:1

‫לצאת ̇ג‬

Mm

‫בחדש השלישי לצאת‬ ‫ויעל אהרן הכהן‬ ‫ויהי בשמונים שנה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a šəwâ under the ‫ל‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) with a qameṣ (‫;)ל ֵצאת‬ ָ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §2P.

1 KINGS 6:1

‫זִ ו‬

Twice

Mp

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 6:1; 6:37 6:1

��‫ִל ְמ‬

Three times

93

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 2:15.

1 KINGS 6:2 ‫קוֹמ ֽתוֹ׃‬ ָ ‫�שׁים ַא ָ ֖מּה‬ ֥ ִ ‫וּשׁ‬ ְ ‫ים־א ָ ֥מּה ָא ְר ֖כּוֹ וְ ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֤רים ָר ְח ֑בּוֹ‬ ַ ‫יהוה ִשׁ ִ ֽשּׁ‬ ָ֔ ‫וְ ַה ַ֗בּיִ ת ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ָבּ ֜ ָנה ַה ֶ ֤מּ ֶל� ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ַ ֽל‬ 6:2

‫אַמּה ָא ְרכּוֹ‬ ָ

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 30:2; 37:25 1 Kgs 6:2; 6:3; 7:2 6–8 1 Kgs 7:6; Ezek 40:21; 2 Chr 4:1

Com.: The Mp heading here is incorrect since there are eight occurrences of this lemma. Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.) suggest that the lemma be extended to include the previous word ‫ ִשׁ ִשּׁים‬since this wider phrase ‫אַמּה ָא ְרכּוֹ‬ ָ ‫ ִשׁ ִשּׁים‬only occurs here. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 6:4 ‫לּוֹנ֖י ְשׁ ֻק ִ ֥פים ֲא ֻט ִ ֽמים׃‬ ֵ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֣ﬠשׂ ַל ָ֔בּיִ ת ַח‬ 6:4

‫ַל ָבּיִ ת‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 5:31. 6:4

Unique

‫ַחלּוֹנֵ י‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ṣerê under the ‫נ‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with a qameṣ (‫)חלּוֹנָ י‬ ַ at Jer 22:14.

94

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 6:5 ‫יכל וְ ַל ְדּ ִ ֑ביר וַ יַּ ַ֥ﬠשׂ ְצ ָל ֖ﬠוֹת ָס ִ ֽביב׃‬ ֖ ָ ‫ת־ק ֤ירוֹת ַה ַ֨בּיִ ֙ת ָס ִ֔ביב ַ ֽל ֵה‬ ִ ‫וﬠ ָס ִ֔ביב ֶא‬ ַ ֙ ‫ל־קיר ַה ַ ֤בּיִ ת יָ ֙ ִצ‬ ִ֨ ‫וַ יִּ ֶבן֩ ַﬠ‬

6:5

‫וﬠ‬ ַ ‫יָ ִצ‬

Read �‫יָ ִצ ַי‬

‫יציע קרי‬

Mp

Com.: The forms of the kəṯîḇ (‫ )יצוע‬and qərê (�‫ )יָ ִצ ַי‬represent variants of the qātîl/qātûl type; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 117.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ ו‬in the middle of a word is read as a ‫ ;י‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §81, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §72.

1 KINGS 6:6 ‫ישׁית ֶ ֥שׁ ַבע ָבּ ַא ָ ֖מּה ָר ְח ָ ֑בּהּ ִ֡כּי‬ ִ֔ ‫וﬠ ַה ַתּ ְחתּ ֜ ָֹנה ָח ֵ ֧משׁ ָבּ ַא ָ ֣מּה ָר ְח ָ֗בּהּ וְ ַה ִ ֽתּיכֹנָ ֙ה ֵ ֤שׁשׁ ָ ֽבּ ַא ָמּ ֙ה ָר ְח ָ֔בּהּ וְ ַ֨ה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ַ ‫ַהיָּ ִ֨צ‬ ‫ירוֹת־ה ָ ֽבּיִ ת׃‬ ַ ‫וּצה ְל ִב ְל ִ ֖תּי ֲא ֥חֹז ְבּ ִ ֽ ק‬ ָ ‫יב ֔ח‬ ֙ ‫עוֹת נָ ַ֨תן ַל ַ ֤בּיִ ת ָס ִב‬ ֩ ‫ִמגְ ָר‬ 6:6

‫וﬠ‬ ַ ‫ַהיָּ ִצ‬

Read �‫ַהיָ ִצ ַי‬

‫היציע קרי‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 6:5 with ‫וﬠ‬ ַ ‫יָ ִצ‬. 6:6

‫ַה ַתּ ְחתֹּנָ ה‬

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (5x) written plene ‫)ה ַתּ ְחתּוֹנָ ה( ו‬. ַ

This lemma occurs in a list of two different forms containing the element ‫ ַתּ ְחתֹּן‬that are written defective ‫ ;ו‬see the Mm at Ezek 42:5 sub ‫מ ַה ַתּ ְחתֹּנוֹת‬. ֵ 6:6

‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫וְ ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬

Nine times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 6:6; 18:1 (‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫;)ה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ַ 22:2 (‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫)ה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ַ 2 Kgs 19:29 (‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫;)ה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ַ Isa 37:30 (‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫)ה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ַ 6–9 Ezek 5:12b; 46:14 (‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫;)שׁ ִל‬ ְ Job 42:14 (‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫;)ה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ַ Neh 10:33 (‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫*)שׁ ִל‬ ְ ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫ וְ ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬nine times plene

1–5 1 Kgs 6:6 1 Kgs 22:2 1 Kgs 18:1 2 Kgs 19:29 Isa 37:30 6–9 Ezek 5:12b Ezek 46:14 Job 42:14 Neh 10:33

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫והשלישית ̇ט‬

95

Mm

[‫היציע )התחתונה( ]התחתנה‬ ‫ויהי בשנה‬ ‫ויהי ימים רבים‬ ‫וזה לך האות‬ ‫וזה לך האות‬ ‫לכל רוח אזרה‬ ‫ושמן שלישית ההין‬ ‫קרן הפוך‬ ‫לתת עלינו‬

And two are doubly defective

‫חס דחסירין‬ ̇ ‫ותרין‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences of this lemma in various forms written plene first ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (21x) in various forms written defective first ‫וְ ַה ְשּׁ ִל ִשׁית( י‬/‫) ַה ְשּׁ ִל ִשׁית‬. The Mm also notes that two forms of this lemma are written doubly defective, ‫ וְ ַה ְשּׁ ִל ִשׁת‬at 2 Sam 18:2c, and �‫ ְשׁ ִל ִשׁ ֵתי‬at Ezek 5:12.

* ML has only eight occurrences of this lemma since, contrary to M (‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫)שׁ ִל‬, ְ it reads the form in Neh 10:33 defective first ‫;)שׁ ִל ִשׁית( י‬ ְ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 354. However, all the Mp headings highlighted above, as well as the Mm here, read nine times thus support the enumeration inherent in the text of M. 6:6

‫ֲאחֹז‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 6:7 ‫ל־כּ ִ ֣לי ַב ְר ֶ֔זל ֽל ֹא־נִ ְשׁ ַ ֥מע ַבּ ַ ֖בּיִ ת ְבּ ִה ָבּנ ֹֽתוֹ׃‬ ְ ‫וּמ ָקּ ֤בוֹת וְ ַהגַּ ְרזֶ ֙ן ָכּ‬ ַ ‫ן־שׁ ֵל ָ ֥מה ַמ ָ ֖סּע נִ ְב ָנ֑ה‬ ְ ‫וְ ַה ַ֨בּיִ ֙ת ְבּ ִה ָ ֣בּנ ֹ֔תוֹ ֶ ֽא ֶב‬ 6:7 Twice

‫ ְבּ ִה ָבּנֹתוֹ‬1 ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 6:7a; 6:7b

Mp

96

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets that occur in the same verse; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §58, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §59. 6:7

‫ַמ ָסּע‬

Twice

Mp

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 6:7; Job 41:18

—————————— ‫ ַמ ָסּע‬twice

‫מסע ̇ב‬

1 Kgs 6:7 Job 41:18

Mm

[‫אבן )שהם( ]שלמה‬ [‫חנית מסע )ושרים( ]ושריה‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a list of doublets that begin with the letter ‫ ;מ‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §69, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §70. 6:7

Twice

‫נִ ְבנָ ה‬ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 3:2. 6:7

‫וּמ ָקּבוֹת‬ ַ

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that start with ‫ ;ומ‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §18, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §19. 6:7

‫ְכּ ִלי‬

Eighteen times 1–5 6–10 11–15 16–18

‫י̇ ̇ח‬

Mp

Exod 35:22; Num 19:15; Deut 22:5; 1 Sam 17:40 (‫;)בּ ְכ ִלי‬ ִ 1 Kgs 6:7 a b 1 Kgs 19:21 (‫;)וּב ְכ ִלי‬ ִ 2 Kgs 12:14 ; 12:14 (‫;)וּכ ִלי‬ ְ Isa 54:16; 66:20 (‫)בּ ְכ ִלי‬ ִ Jer 18:4; 48:11(‫;)מ ְכּ ִלי‬ ִ 51:34; Ezek 4:9 (‫;)בּ ְכ ִלי‬ ִ 9:1 Ezek 9:2; Job 28:17; Prov 20:15 (‫)וּכ ִלי‬ ְ

Com.: The Masorah notes the eighteen occurrences of this lemma written with a ḥîreq, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) written with a ṣerê (‫)כּ ֵלי‬. ְ

This enumeration does not include the occurrences of the following cases listed in the Mm to Ezek 4:9, which are: all of Leviticus, from Num 31:13 to the end of the book (of Num-

1 KINGS

97

bers, 36:13), The Twelve, and Psalms, and all cases before words such as ‫יוֹצר‬, ֵ ‫ח ְמ ָדּה‬,ֶ and ‫ח ֶרשׂ‬.ֶ

The Mp heading at Job 28:17 reads seventeen times, possibly omitting one of the prefixed forms such as ‫ ִמ ְכּ ִלי‬or ‫וּב ְכ ִלי‬, ִ or taking the two occurrences in 2 Kgs 12:14 as one case (so Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.). 6:7

Twice

‫ ְבּ ִה ָבּנֹתוֹ‬2 ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 6:7a; 6:7b

Mp

Com.: See directly above.

1 KINGS 6:8 ‫ל־ה ְשּׁ ִל ִ ֽשׁים׃‬ ַ ‫ן־ה ִ ֽתּיכ ָֹנ֖ה ֶא‬ ַ ‫וּמ‬ ִ ‫ל־ה ִ ֣תּיכ ֔ ָֹנה‬ ַ ‫לוּלּים ַי ֲֽﬠ ֙לוּ ַﬠ‬ ִ ֗ ‫וּב‬ ְ ‫ל־כּ ֶתף ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ַהיְ ָמ ִנ֑ית‬ ֥ ֶ ‫֗ ֶפּ ַתח ַה ֵצּ ָל ֙ע ַה ִ ֣תּיכ ֔ ָֹנה ֶא‬ 6:8

‫ ֶאל‬1

Seven verses that have the sequence ‫ ֶאל‬...‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ֶאל‬ Com.: See Josh 18:16.

‫פסוק אל על אל‬ ̇ ̇‫ז‬

Mp

In ML this lemma has no circellus. 6:8

Twice

‫ַה ְשּׁ ִל ִשׁים‬ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma. The Mp at MA correctly reads unique. There is no Mp note in MC.

1 KINGS 6:9 ‫וּשׂ ֵד ֖ר ֹת ָבּ ֲא ָר ִ ֽזים׃‬ ְ ‫ת־ה ַ֨בּיִ ֙ת גֵּ ִ֔בים‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ַ ֖בּיִ ת וַ יְ ַכ ֵלּ֑הוּ וַ יִּ ְס ֹ֤פּן ֶא‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ֶ֥בן ֶא‬ 6:9 Twice

‫וַ יְ ַכ ֵלּהוּ‬ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 6:9; 6:14

Mp

98 6:9

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וּשׂ ֵדר ֹת‬ ְ

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 6:9; 2 Kgs 11:15 (‫) ַל ְשּׂ ֵדר ֹת‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with different prefixes written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences with the def. article written plene ‫ו‬ (‫)ה ְשּׂ ֵדרוֹת‬ ַ at 2 Kgs 11:8 and 2 Chr 23:14. 6:9

Twice

‫ָבּ ֲא ָרזִ ים‬ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 6:9; Jer 22:23

1 KINGS 6:10 ‫ת־ה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ַבּ ֲﬠ ֵ ֥צי ֲא ָר ִ ֽזים׃ פ‬ ַ ‫וֹמ ֑תוֹ וַ יֶּ ֱא ֥חֹז ֶא‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ַ֔בּיִ ת ָח ֵ ֥משׁ ַא ֖מּוֹת ֽק‬ ַ ‫ל־כּ‬ ָ ‫וﬠ ַﬠ‬ ַ ֙ ‫ת־היָּ ֙ ִצ‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ֶ֤בן ֶא‬ 6:10

‫וﬠ‬ ַ ‫ַהיָּ ִצ‬

Read �‫ַהיָ ִצ ַי‬

‫היציע ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 6:5 with ‫וﬠ‬ ַ ‫יָ ִצ‬.

1 KINGS 6:12 ‫וֹתי ָל ֶל ֶ֣כת ָבּ ֶ ֑הם‬ ֖ ַ ‫ל־מ ְצ‬ ִ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ת־מ ְשׁ ָפּ ַ ֣טי ַ ֽתּ ֲﬠ ֶ֔שׂה וְ ָשׁ ַמ ְר ָ ֥תּ ֶא‬ ִ ‫ם־תּ ֵל֤� ְבּ ֻחקּ ַֹת֙י וְ ֶא‬ ֵ ‫ר־א ָ ֣תּה ב ֗ ֶֹנה ִא‬ ַ ‫ַה ַ֨בּיִ ת ַה ֶ֜זּה ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ‫ל־דִּ ֥וד ָא ִ ֽבי�׃‬ ָ ‫ת־דּ ָב ִ ֙רי ִא ָ֔תּ� ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ִדּ ַ ֖בּ ְר ִתּי ֶא‬ ְ ‫וַ ֲה ִקמ ִ ֹ֤תי ֶא‬ 6:12

‫ַה ַבּיִ ת‬

Unique at the beginning of a verse

‫̇ל ראש פסוק‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma at the beginning of a verse without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its six occurrences at the beginning of a verse with a ‫ ו‬cj., two of which are in vv. 2 and 7 of this chapter. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that exceptionally occur without a ‫ ו‬cj. at the beginning of a verse; see the Mm at Num 19:11 sub ‫הנֹּגֵ ע‬,ַ and Frensdorff, Ochlah, §174.

1 KINGS 6:12

‫ְבּ ֻחקּ ַֹתי‬

‫ ְבּ ֻחקּ ַֹתי‬nine times defective 1–5 1 Kgs 6:12 1 Kgs 9:6 1 Kgs 11:11 1 Kgs 11:33 1 Kgs 11:34 {2 Kgs 17:13} 6–9 Jer 44:10

Ezek 44:24 Ps 89:32

‫בחקתי ̇ט חסירין‬

99

Mm

‫הבית הזה אשר אתה בנה‬ ‫אם שוב תשבון אתם‬ ‫ויאמר יהוה לשלמה יען אשר‬ ‫יען אשר עזבוני וישתחוו‬ ‫ולא אקח את כל הממלכה‬ {‫}ויעד יהוה בישראל וביהודה‬ ‫לא דכאו עד היום הזה‬ ‫ועל ריב המה יעמדו‬ ‫)את( ]אם[ חקתי יחללו‬

And similarly all the Torah apart from once (‫קּוֹתי‬ ַ ‫)ח‬: ֻ Gen 26:5

‫דכות ̇ב ̇מ‬ ̇ ‫אורית‬ ̇ ‫וכל‬ ‫̇א עקב אשר שמע אברהם‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences of this lemma in various forms written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (18x) in various forms written plene ‫( ו‬e.g., ‫קּוֹתי‬ ַ ‫)ח‬. ֻ The Mm has an additional note that this lemma (written defective ‫ )ו‬is the norm also in the Torah (11x), apart from one case at Gen 26:5 when it is written plene ‫קּוֹתי( ו‬ ַ ‫)ח‬. ֻ

In the Mm list, the Ezek 11:20 reference has been omitted, and catchwords from 2 Kgs 17:13 have mistakenly been added. This erroneous verse actually has the lemma in its plene form (‫קּוֹתי‬ ַ ‫)ח‬. ֻ 6:12

‫ְדּ ָב ִרי‬

Thirteen times

‫י̇ ̇ג‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 19:44.

Mp

1 KINGS 6:14 ‫ת־ה ַ ֖בּיִ ת וַ יְ ַכ ֵ ֽלּהוּ׃‬ ַ ‫מה ֶא‬ ֹ ֛ �‫וַ יִּ ֶ֧בן ְשׁ‬ 6:14

‫וַ יְ ַכ ֵלּהוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 6:9; 6:14

Mp

100

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 6:15

‫ד־ק ֣ירוֹת ַה ִסּ ֔ ֻפּן ִצ ָ ֥פּה ֵ ֖ﬠץ ִמ ָ ֑בּיִ ת וַ יְ ַ ֛צף ֶאת־‬ ִ ‫ירוֹת ַה ַ ֤בּיִ ת ִמ ַ֨בּיְ ָת ֙ה ְבּ ַצ ְל ֣ﬠוֹת ֲא ָר ִ֔זים ִמ ַקּ ְר ַ ֤ קע ַה ַ֨בּיִ ֙ת ַﬠ‬ ֨ ‫ת־ק‬ ִ ‫וַ יִּ ֶבן֩ ֶא‬ ‫רוֹשׁים׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫ַק ְר ַ ֥ קע ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ְבּ ַצ ְל ֥ﬠוֹת ְבּ‬ 6:15 Unique

‫ִמ ַבּיְ ָתה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the inseparable prep. ‫מ‬, to distinguish it from its two occurrences without this prep. at Ps 68:7 and Ezra 6:15. 6:15

Unique

‫ִמ ַקּ ְר ַקע‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the inseparable prep. ‫מ‬, to distinguish it from its two occurrences without this prep. in this same verse and in v. 30. 6:15

Unique

‫ִמ ַקּ ְר ַקע ַה ַבּיִ ת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the inseparable prep. ‫מ‬, to distinguish it from its occurrence without this prep. in this same verse. 6:15

‫ַה ִסּ ֻפּן‬

Unique and defective

Mp

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene.

1 KINGS 6:16 ‫ד־ה ִקּ ֑ירוֹת וַ יִּ ֶ֤בן ֙לוֹ ִמ ַבּ֣יִ ת ִל ְד ִ֔ביר‬ ַ ‫ן־ה ַקּ ְר ַ ֖ קע ַﬠ‬ ַ ‫ותי ַה ַ֨בּיִ ֙ת ְבּ ַצ ְל ֣ﬠוֹת ֲא ָר ִ֔זים ִמ‬ ֤ ֵ ‫ת־ﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֨רים ַא ָ֜מּה ִ ֽמיַּ ְר ְכּ‬ ֶ ‫וַ יִּ ֶבן֩ ֶא‬ ‫ְל ֖קֹ ֶדשׁ ַה ֳקּ ָד ִ ֽשׁים׃‬ 6:16

‫ותי‬ ֵ ‫ִמיַּ ְר ְכּ‬

Read ‫ִמיַּ ְר ְכּ ֵתי‬

‫מירכתי ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)מירכותי‬, and the qərê (‫)מיַּ ְר ְכּ ֵתי‬, ִ represent miscellaneous variations in nouns; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 124.

1 KINGS 6:16

‫ִל ְד ִביר‬

Twice, once plene and once defective Josh 13:26 (‫;)ל ְד ִבר‬ ִ 1 Kgs 6:16

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫מל וחד‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

101

Mp

——————————

‫ ִל ְד ִביר‬twice, once plene and once defective, and their references Josh 13:26 1 Kgs 6:16

‫חס וסימנהון‬ ̇ ‫מל וחד‬ ̇ ‫לדביר ̇ב חד‬

Mm

‫וממחנים עד גבול‬ ‫מבית‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written plene ‫( ו‬here), and one written defective ‫( ו‬Josh 13:26).

The Mp and Mm headings here read twice, once plene and once defective, whereas the Mm heading at Josh 13:26 reads the reverse: twice, once defective and once plene. This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One is in a list of doublets that commence with ‫ ;ל‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §29, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §30.

The other in a list of doublet homonyms; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §59, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §60. Here ‫ ִל ְד ִביר‬means a shrine, whereas in Josh 13:26 it means a town Lidbir.

1 KINGS 6:17 ‫יכל ִל ְפ ָנֽי׃‬ ֥ ָ ‫וְ ַא ְר ָבּ ִ ֥ﬠים ָבּ ַא ָ ֖מּה ָה ָי֣ה ַה ָ ֑בּיִ ת ֖הוּא ַה ֵה‬ 6:17

‫ִל ְפנָ י‬

Unique with qameṣ

‫֗ ָל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written with a qameṣ, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (500+) written with a ṣerê (‫)ל ְפנֵ י‬. ִ

102

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 6:18 ‫טוּרי ִצ ִ ֑צּים ַה ֣כֹּל ֶ֔א ֶרז ֵ ֥אין ֶ ֖א ֶבן נִ ְר ָ ֽאה׃‬ ֖ ֵ ‫וּפ‬ ְ ‫ימה ִמ ְק ַל ַ֣ﬠת ְפּ ָק ֔ ִﬠים‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ַ֨בּיִ ֙ת ְפּ ֔ ִנ‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶ ֤א ֶרז ֶא‬

6:18

‫ימה‬ ָ ִ‫ְפּנ‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Lev 10:18; 1 Kgs 6:18; 2 Kgs 7:11; Ps 45:14; 2 Chr 29:18

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma without a prep., to distinguish them from its five occurrences with a ‫ימה( ל‬ ָ ִ‫)ל ְפנ‬, ִ and the three occurrences with a ‫ימה( מ‬ ָ ִ‫)מ ְפּנ‬. ִ

The Mp heading at Ps 45:14 reads three times. Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.) suggests that the three occurrences consist of: (1) All the Torah (Lev 10:18); (2) All the Prophets (1 Kgs 6:18 and 2 Kgs 7:11); (3) All the Writings (Ps 45:14 and 2 Chr 29:18). 6:18

‫טוּרי‬ ֵ ‫וּפ‬ ְ

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 6:18; 6:29; 6:32; 6:35 (‫)וּפ ֻט ֵרי‬ ְ

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma, three times written plene ‫ו‬, and once written defective ‫( ו‬1 Kgs 6:35). The Mp heading at 1 Kgs 6:35 correctly reads unique defective.

1 KINGS 6:20 �ַ ‫וֹמ ֔תוֹ וַ יְ ַצ ֵ ֖פּהוּ זָ ָ ֣הב ָסג֑ וּר וַ יְ ַ ֥צף ִמזְ ֵ ֖בּ‬ ָ ‫א ֶר� וְ ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֧רים ַא ָ ֣מּה ֗ר ֹ ַחב וְ ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֤רים ַא ָמּ ֙ה ֽק‬ ֹ ֜ ‫ים ַא ָ֨מּה‬ ֩ ‫וְ ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י ַה ְדּ ִ֡ביר ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִר‬ ‫ָ ֽא ֶרז׃‬ 6:20

‫וְ ִל ְפנֵ י‬

Seventeen times, and similarly every sequence of ‫וְ ִל ְפנֵ י‬...‫ִל ְפנֵ י‬ 1–5 6–10 11–15 16

‫דכות‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ז̇ וכל לפני ולפני‬

Lev 16:14; 16:15; 19:14; Num 27:21; 1 Kgs 6:20 Isa 48:7; Jer 44:10; Ezek 42:4; Ps 72:5; 102:1 Prov 15:33; 17:14; 18:16; Job 8:12; 15:7 Neh 13:4

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading of seventeen times etc. is incorrect since there are only sixteen occurrences of this lemma. The error no doubt is a graphic one of ‫ יז‬seventeen for ‫ יו‬sixteen.

1 KINGS

103

The Masorah notes the sixteen occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its vastly more numerous occurrences (600+) without a cj.

This enumeration does not include the sixteen cases where the prep. ‫ ִל ְפנֵ י‬precedes the form ‫וְ ִל ְפנֵ י‬. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 6:21 ‫תּיּקוֹת זָ ָה ֙ב ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י ַה ְדּ ִ֔ביר וַ יְ ַצ ֵ ֖פּהוּ זָ ָ ֽהב׃‬ ֤ ‫֖ימה זָ ָ ֣הב ָסג֑ וּר וַ יְ ַﬠ ֵ֞בּר ְבּ ַר‬ ָ ‫ת־ה ַ ֛בּיִ ת ִמ ְפּ ִנ‬ ַ ‫מה ֶא‬ ֹ ֧ �‫וַ יְ ַ֨צף ְשׁ‬ 6:21

‫זָ ָהב ָסגוּר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 6:20; 6:21; 7:49; 7:50; 10:21 6–8 2 Chr 4:20; 4:22; 9:20

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since there are eight occurrences of this lemma as correctly noted in the Mp of 1 Kgs 10:21 and 2 Chr 9:20. The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (27x) of its parallel phrase ‫זָ ָהב ָטהוֹר‬.

The Mp headings at 2 Chr 4:20 and 4:22 read five times, a graphic error of ‫ ה‬five for ‫ ח‬eight. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here. 6:21

‫ְבּ ַרתּיּקוֹת‬

Read ‫ְבּ ַרתּוֹקוֹת‬

‫ברתוקות ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ )ברתיקות‬and qərê (‫)בּ ַרתּוֹקוֹת‬ ְ represent noun variants of the qātîl/qātûl type; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 118.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that have a ‫ י‬in the middle of word that is read as a ‫ ;ו‬see the Mm at Num 1:16 sub ‫קריאי‬, Frensdorff, Ochlah, §80, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §71.

104

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 6:22 ‫ר־ל ְדּ ִ ֖ביר ִצ ָ ֥פּה זָ ָ ֽהב׃‬ ַ ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ ֥בּ ַ� ֲ ֽא ֶשׁ‬ ַ ‫ל־ה ָ ֑בּיִ ת וְ ָכ‬ ַ ‫תּם ָכּ‬ ֹ ֣ ‫ל־ה ַ ֛בּיִ ת ִצ ָ ֥פּה זָ ָ ֖הב ַﬠד־‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫וְ ֶא‬

6:22 Unique

‫ל־ה ַבּיִ ת‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫וְ ֶא‬ Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with ‫כּל‬,ָ to distinguish it from its five occurrences without ‫)וְ ֶאת ַה ַבּיִ ת( ָכּל‬. 6:22

Unique

�ַ ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵבּ‬ ַ ‫וְ ָכ‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬

1 KINGS 6:24 ‫ד־ק ֥צוֹת‬ ְ ‫רוּב ָ ֽה ֶא ָ֔חת וְ ָח ֵ ֣משׁ ַא ֔מּוֹת ְכּ ַנ֥ ף ַה ְכּ ֖רוּב ַה ֵשּׁ ִנ֑ית ֶﬠ ֶ֣שׂר ַא ֔מּוֹת ִמ ְק ֥צוֹת ְכּנָ ָ ֖פיו וְ ַﬠ‬ ֙ ‫וְ ָח ֵ ֣משׁ ַא ֗מּוֹת ְכּ ַנ֤ ף ַה ְכּ‬ ‫ְכּנָ ָ ֽפיו׃‬ 6:24 Unique

‫ד־קצוֹת‬ ְ ‫וְ ַﬠ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 6:25 ‫וְ ֨ ֶﬠ ֶשׂ ֙ר ָ ֽבּ ַא ָ֔מּה ַה ְכּ ֖רוּב ַה ֵשּׁ ִנ֑י ִמ ָ ֥דּה ַא ַ ֛חת וְ ֶ ֥ ק ֶצב ֶא ָ ֖חד ִל ְשׁ ֵנ֥י ַה ְכּ ֻר ִ ֽבים׃‬ 6:25 Unique

‫וְ ֶק ֶצב ֶא ָחד‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its occurrence without a cj. at 1 Kgs 7:37. 6:25

‫ַה ְכּ ֻר ִבים‬

Twelve times defective

Com.: See 1 Sam 4:4.

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ב‬

Mp

1 KINGS

105

1 KINGS 6:27 ‫וּכנַ ֙ף ַה ְכּ ֣רוּב‬ ְ ‫ף־ה ֶא ָח ֙ד ַבּ ִ֔קּיר‬ ֽ ָ ַ‫ם וַ ִתּ ַגּ֤ע ְכּנ‬ ֒ ‫ת־כּנְ ֵפ֣י ַה ְכּ ֻר ִבי‬ ַ ‫שׂוּ ֶא‬ ֮ ‫ימי ַוֽ יִּ ְפ ְר‬ ִ֗ ִ‫רוּבים ְבּ ֣תוֹ� ׀ ַה ַבּ֣יִ ת ַה ְפּנ‬ ִ֜ ‫ת־ה ְכּ‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ֵ֨תּן ֶא‬ ‫ל־כּ ָנֽ ף׃‬ ָ ‫ל־תּוֹ� ַה ַ֔בּיִ ת נֹגְ ֖ﬠֹת ָכּ ָנ֥ ף ֶא‬ ֣ ‫יה ֙ם ֶא‬ ֶ ‫ַה ֵשּׁ ֔ ִני נ ַֹג ַ֖ﬠת ַבּ ִ ֣קּיר ַה ֵשּׁ ִנ֑י וְ ַכנְ ֵפ‬ 6:27

‫ימי‬ ִ ִ‫ַה ְפּנ‬

Twice in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 6:27; 7:50

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the book, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (13x) in other books. 6:27

‫ַה ְכּ ֻר ִבים‬

Twelve times defective

Com.: See 1 Sam 4:4. 6:27

‫וַ ִתּגַּ ע‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

6:27

‫נֹגַ ַﬠת‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

1 Kgs 6:27; Esth 5:2 Mp

Judg 20:34; 1 Kgs 6:27

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma which, as indicated in the Mm to Num 19:22 where the form with the def. article occurs (‫)הנֹּגַ ַﬠת‬, ַ are written only defective ‫ו‬. 6:27

Unique

‫נֹגְ עֹת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the pl., to distinguish it from its two occurrences in the sg. (‫)נֹגַ ַﬠת‬, one of which is in this same verse (see directly above), and the other is at Judg 20:34.

106

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 6:29

‫יצוֹן׃‬ ֽ ‫טוּרי ִצ ִ ֑צּים ִמ ִלּ ְפ ִנ֖ים וְ ַל ִח‬ ֖ ֵ ‫וּפ‬ ְ ‫מ ֔ר ֹת‬ ֹ ‫רוּבים וְ ִ ֽת‬ ֣ ִ ‫עוֹת ְכּ‬ ֙ ‫תּוּחי ִמ ְק ְל‬ ֙ ֵ ‫ירוֹת ַה ַ֜בּיִ ת ֵמ ַ ֣סב ׀ ָק ֗ ַלע ִפּ‬ ֨ ‫ל־ק‬ ִ ‫וְ ֵא ֩ת ָכּ‬ 6:29

‫ֵמ ַסב‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a paṯaḥ under the ‫ס‬, to distinguish it from its occurrence with a ṣerê (‫)מ ֵסב‬ ֵ at Jer 21:4. 6:29

‫טוּרי‬ ֵ ‫וּפ‬ ְ

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of unique is incorrect since there are four occurrences of this lemma; see directly above at 1 Kgs 6:18. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here. 6:29

‫ִצ ִצּים‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

1–4 1 Kgs 6:18; 6:29; 6:32; 6:35

Com.: The Mp heading here of unique is incorrect since there are four occurrences of this lemma. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here. 6:29

‫וְ ַל ִחיצוֹן‬

Four times in various forms

‫בליש‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 6:29; 6:30; Ezek 41:17 (‫;)וּב ִחיצוֹן‬ ַ 44:1 (‫)ה ִחיצוֹן‬ ַ ——————————

‫ וְ ַל ִחיצוֹן‬four times in various forms 1 Kgs 6:29 1 Kgs 6:30 Ezek 41:17 Ezek 44:1

‫מלפנים ולחיצון‬ ‫לפנימה‬ ‫בפנימי‬ ‫וישב )אותי( ]אתי[ דרך‬

̇‫ולחיצון ̇ד בלישׁנ‬

Mm

1 KINGS

107

1 KINGS 6:30 ‫יצוֹן׃‬ ֽ ‫֖ימה וְ ַל ִח‬ ָ ‫ת־ק ְר ַ ֥ קע ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ִצ ָפּ֣ה זָ ָ ֑הב ִל ְפ ִנ‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬ 6:30

‫וְ ַל ִחיצוֹן‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 6:29.

1 KINGS 6:31 ‫י־שׁ ֶמן ָה ַ ֥איִ ל ְמזוּז֖ וֹת ֲח ִמ ִ ֽשׁית׃‬ ֑ ָ ‫וְ ֵא ֙ת ֶפּ ַ֣תח ַה ְדּ ִ֔ביר ָﬠ ָ ֖שׂה ַדּ ְל ֣תוֹת ֲﬠ ֵצ‬ 6:31

‫ְמזוּזוֹת‬

Twice plene

Mp

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1–3 Deut 11:20; 1 Kgs 6:31; 6:33

Com.: The Mp headings here, and in MA, and in v. 33 below, of twice plene are inexact since there are three occurrences of this lemma. The note more precisely should read twice plene in the book.

The Mp heading at Deut 11:20 of unique plene is also inexact, and should read unique plene in the book (e.g., in the Torah). MC has no note here.

1 KINGS 6:32 ‫טוּרי ִצ ִ ֖צּים וְ ִצ ָפּ֣ה זָ ָ ֑הב וַ יָּ ֶ֛ רד ַﬠל־‬ ֥ ֵ ‫וּפ‬ ְ ‫רוּבים וְ ִתמ ֹ֛רוֹת‬ ֧ ִ ‫יהם ִמ ְק ְל ֨עוֹת ְכּ‬ ֶ ‫י־שׁ ֶמן֒ וְ ָק ַל֣ע ֲ֠ﬠ ֵל‬ ֶ ‫וּשׁ ֵתּ֮י ַדּ ְל ֣תוֹת ֲﬠ ֵצ‬ ְ ‫ת־הזָּ ָ ֽהב׃‬ ַ ‫ל־ה ִ ֽתּמ ֹ֖רוֹת ֶא‬ ַ ‫רוּבים וְ ַﬠ‬ ֥ ִ ‫ַה ְכּ‬ 6:32 Four times

‫טוּרי‬ ֵ ‫וּפ‬ ְ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 6:18.

108 6:32

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ִצ ִצּים‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 6:29. 6:32

‫וַ יָּ ֶרד‬

Unique with qameṣ

‫֗ ָל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫י‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (42x) with a ṣerê (‫)וַ יֵּ ֶרד‬. 6:32

‫ַה ִתּמֹרוֹת‬

Twice written like this

1 Kgs 6:32; 6:35 (‫)וְ ִתמֹרוֹת‬

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written plene second ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences written defective second ‫מר ֹת( ו‬ ֹ ‫)וְ ִת‬.

ML, contrary to M (‫מר ֹת‬ ֹ ‫)וְ ִת‬, has a third occurrence of this lemma since it writes another form, which is also in this verse, plene second ‫ ;)וְ ִתמֹרוֹת( ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 106. 6:32

Six times

‫ת־הזָּ ָהב‬ ַ ‫ֶא‬ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 28:5; Num 31:22; 31:51; 31:54; 1 Kgs 6:32 6 Zech 13:9 ——————————

‫ת־הזָּ ָהב‬ ַ ‫ ֶא‬six times, and their references

1–5 Exod 28:5 Num 31:22 Num 31:51 Num 31:54 1 Kgs 6:32 6 Zech 13:9

‫יקחו‬ ‫אך‬ ‫מאתם‬ ‫מאת‬ ‫וירד‬ ‫כצרף‬

‫את הזהב ו̇ וסימנהון‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) with a cj.

1 KINGS

109

1 KINGS 6:33 ‫י־שׁ ֶמן ֵמ ֵ ֖את ְר ִב ִ ֽﬠית׃‬ ֑ ָ ‫יכל ְמזוּז֣ וֹת ֲﬠ ֵצ‬ ֖ ָ ‫וְ ֵ ֥כן ָﬠ ָ ֛שׂה ְל ֶ ֥פ ַתח ַ ֽה ֵה‬ 6:33

‫ְמזוּזוֹת‬

Twice plene

Mp

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 6:31.

1 KINGS 6:34 ‫ילים׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫וּשׁ ֵנ֧י ְק ָל ִ ֛ﬠים ַה ֶ ֥דּ ֶלת ַה ֵשּׁ ִנ֖ית גְּ ִל‬ ְ ‫רוֹשׁים ְשׁ ֨ ֵני ְצ ָל ֜ ִﬠים ַה ֶ ֤דּ ֶלת ָ ֽה ַא ַח ֙ת גְּ ִל ֔ ִילים‬ ֑ ִ ‫וּשׁ ֵ ֥תּי ַד ְל ֖תוֹת ֲﬠ ֵצ֣י ְב‬ ְ 6:34

‫ְשׁנֵ י ְצ ָל ִﬠים‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

6:34

‫גְּ ִל ִילים‬1

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 6:34a; 6:34b

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets that occur in the same verse; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §58, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §59.

1 KINGS 6:35 ‫ל־ה ְמּ ֻח ֶ ֽקּה׃‬ ַ ‫וּפ ֻט ֵ ֖רי ִצ ִ ֑צּים וְ ִצ ָפּ֣ה זָ ָ֔הב ְמיֻ ָ ֖שּׁר ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫ים וְ ִ ֣תמ ֹ֔רוֹת‬ ֙ ‫רוּב‬ ִ ‫וְ ָק ַל֤ע ְכּ‬ 6:35

‫וְ ִתמֹרוֹת‬

Twice written like this

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 6:32. 6:35

‫וּפ ֻט ֵרי‬ ְ

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its three occurrences written plene ‫ ;ו‬see directly above at 1 Kgs 6:18.

110

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 6:36 ‫תת ֲא ָר ִ ֽזים׃‬ ֹ ֥ ‫טוּרי גָ ִז֑ית וְ ֖טוּר ְכּ ֻר‬ ֣ ֵ ‫�שׁה‬ ֖ ָ ‫ימית ְשׁ‬ ִ֔ ִ‫ת־ה ָח ֵצ֣ר ַה ְפּנ‬ ֶ ‫בן ֶא‬ ֙ ֶ ‫וַ ִ֨יּ‬

6:36

‫טוּרי‬ ֵ

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Exod 39:10; 1 Kgs 6:36; 7:2 ——————————

‫טוּרי‬ ֵ three times and plene, and their references

‫ומל וסימנהון‬ ̇ ‫טורי ̇ג‬

the second occurrence of ‫אַר ָבּ ָﬠה‬ ְ ‫( וַ יְ ַמ ְלאוּ־בוֹ‬Exod 39:10) 1 Kgs 6:36 1 Kgs 7:2

Mm

‫וימלאו בו ארבעה תיניה‬ ‫ויבן את החצר‬ ‫ויבן את בית יער‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in the cstr., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (8x) in the absol. (‫)טוּרים‬. ִ

This distinction is implied in the additional notation of the second occurrence that is attached to the Exod 39:10 reference, to distinguish this reference from Exod 28:17, the first occurrence of the four rows on the breastpiece, where the lemma occurs as ‫טוּרים‬. ִ

By noting in the Mm that this lemma occurs three times and is written plene ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 6:37 ‫הו֑ה ְבּ ֶ ֖י ַ רח ִ ֽזו׃‬ ָ ְ‫יﬠית יֻ ַ ֖סּד ֵבּ֣ית י‬ ִ ֔ ‫ַבּ ָשּׁנָ ֙ה ָ ֽה ְר ִב‬ 6:37

‫יֻ ַסּד‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1–4 1 Kgs 6:37; Hag 2:18; Zech 8:9; Ezra 3:6 (‫)יֻ ָסּד‬ ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ יֻ ַסּד‬four times

‫יסד ̇ד‬

1 Kgs 6:37 Hag 2:18 Ezra 3:6 Zech 8:9

111

Mm

‫הרביעית‬ ‫שימו‬ ‫מיום‬ ‫ידיכם‬

Com.: The Mp heading here of three times is incorrect as can be seen from the Mm heading that reads four times, and lists four catchwords.

The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma in the pual, to distinguish them from its four occurrences in the piel (‫ ;)יִ ַסּד‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §276.

The Mp heading at Ezra 3:6 reads unique with qameṣ (‫)ל‬ ָ noting the sole example of this lemma in pause. Both MC and MA correctly read here four times. 6:37

‫ְבּיֶ ַרח‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 6:37; 6:38; 8:2; Zech 11:8

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences without this prep. at Deut 21:13 and 2 Kgs 15:13.

1 KINGS 6:38 ‫ל־משׂפטו וַ יִּ ְב ֵנ֖הוּ ֶ ֥שׁ ַבע‬ ֶ ‫וּל ָכ‬ ְ ‫ל־דּ ָב ָ ֖ריו‬ ְ ‫וּב ָשּׁנָ ֩ה ָה ַא ַ֨חת ֶﬠ ְשׂ ֵ ֜רה ְבּ ֶי֣ ַ רח ֗בּוּל ֚הוּא ַה ֣חֹ ֶדשׁ ַה ְשּׁ ִמ ֔ ִיני ָכּ ָל֣ה ַה ַ֔בּיִ ת ְל ָכ‬ ַ ‫ָשׁ ִ ֽנים׃‬ 6:38 Unique

‫אַחת ֶﬠ ְשׂ ֵרה‬ ַ ‫וּב ָשּׁנָ ה ָה‬ ַ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in this form, to distinguish it from its occurrence in its parallel form ‫אַחת ֶﬠ ְשׂ ֵרה‬ ַ ‫וּב ְשׁנַ ת‬ ִ at 2 Kgs 9:29.

112 6:38

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ְבּיֶ ַרח בּוּל‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ְבּיֶ ַרח‬with the month ‫בּוּל‬, to distinguish it from its three occurrences with the month ‫ זִ ו‬in the previous verse, with the month ‫ ָה ֵא ָתנִ ים‬in 1 Kgs 8:2, and with the numeral ‫ ֶא ָחד‬in Zech 11:8. 6:38

‫בּוּל‬

‫ בּוּל‬twice, and their references

1 Kgs 6:38 Job 40:20

‫בול ̇ב וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ובשנה האחת‬ ‫כי בול הרים ישאו לו‬

Com.: This form is featured in a Masoretic list of homonymous doublets; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §59, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §60. In Job 40:20 ‫ בּוּל‬means produce, but here it means a month Bul. 6:38

‫ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ָטו‬

Read ‫ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ָטיו‬

‫משפטיו ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ without a ‫ י‬represents the archaic form of the 3rd masc. sg. sfx. to a pl. noun, whereas the qərê with a ‫ י‬represents the later form; see Cohen, The Kethiḇ and Qeri System, 33. MC, as ML, has a kəṯîḇ/qərê here but MA reads twice defective.

1 KINGS 7:1 ‫יתוֹ׃‬ ֽ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֵ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫מה ְשׁ�֥ שׁ ֶﬠ ְשׂ ֵ ֖רה ָשׁ ָנ֑ה וַ יְ ַ ֖כל ֶא‬ ֹ ֔ �‫יתוֹ ָבּ ָנ֣ה ְשׁ‬ ֙ ‫ת־בּ‬ ֵ ‫וְ ֶא‬ 7:1

‫ת־בּיתוֹ‬ ֵ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 12:17; 18:19; 2 Sam 19:42; 1 Kgs 4:7; 7:1 6–7 1 Kgs 9:15; 2 Chr 8:1 ——————————

112 6:38

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ְבּיֶ ַרח בּוּל‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ְבּיֶ ַרח‬with the month ‫בּוּל‬, to distinguish it from its three occurrences with the month ‫ זִ ו‬in the previous verse, with the month ‫ ָה ֵא ָתנִ ים‬in 1 Kgs 8:2, and with the numeral ‫ ֶא ָחד‬in Zech 11:8. 6:38

‫בּוּל‬

‫ בּוּל‬twice, and their references

1 Kgs 6:38 Job 40:20

‫בול ̇ב וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ובשנה האחת‬ ‫כי בול הרים ישאו לו‬

Com.: This form is featured in a Masoretic list of homonymous doublets; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §59, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §60. In Job 40:20 ‫ בּוּל‬means produce, but here it means a month Bul. 6:38

‫ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ָטו‬

Read ‫ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ָטיו‬

‫משפטיו ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ without a ‫ י‬represents the archaic form of the 3rd masc. sg. sfx. to a pl. noun, whereas the qərê with a ‫ י‬represents the later form; see Cohen, The Kethiḇ and Qeri System, 33. MC, as ML, has a kəṯîḇ/qərê here but MA reads twice defective.

1 KINGS 7:1 ‫יתוֹ׃‬ ֽ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֵ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫מה ְשׁ�֥ שׁ ֶﬠ ְשׂ ֵ ֖רה ָשׁ ָנ֑ה וַ יְ ַ ֖כל ֶא‬ ֹ ֔ �‫יתוֹ ָבּ ָנ֣ה ְשׁ‬ ֙ ‫ת־בּ‬ ֵ ‫וְ ֶא‬ 7:1

‫ת־בּיתוֹ‬ ֵ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 12:17; 18:19; 2 Sam 19:42; 1 Kgs 4:7; 7:1 6–7 1 Kgs 9:15; 2 Chr 8:1 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ת־בּיתוֹ‬ ֵ ‫ וְ ֶא‬seven times, and (their) references

1–5 Gen 12:17 Gen 18:19 2 Sam 19:42 1 Kgs 4:7 1 Kgs 7:1 6–7 1 Kgs 9:15 ‫ ִמ ֵקּץ‬of Chronicles (2 Chr 8:1)

‫וסימ‬ ̇ ̇‫ואת ביתו ז‬

113 Mm

‫וינגע יהוה‬ ‫כי ידעתיו‬ ‫מדוע גנבוך‬ ‫ולשלמה‬ ‫שלמה‬ ‫המס‬ ‫מקץ דדברי ימים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma with a 3rd masc. sfx., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (30x) without this sfx. (‫ת־בּית‬ ֵ ‫)וְ ֶא‬. This distinction is implied in the Mm here and at 2 Sam 19:42 in the additional notation of Chronicles to the 2 Chr 8:1 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 1 Kgs 9:10, where the lemma occurs as ‫ת־בּית‬ ֵ ‫וְ ֶא‬.

1 KINGS 7:2 ‫קוֹמ ֑תוֹ ֗ ַﬠל ַא ְר ָבּ ָﬠ ֙ה‬ ָ ‫�שׁים ַא ָ ֖מּה‬ ֥ ִ ‫וּשׁ‬ ְ ‫כּוֹ וַ ֲח ִמ ִ ֤שּׁים ַא ָמּ ֙ה ָר ְח ֔בּוֹ‬ ֙ ‫ת־בּ֣ית ׀ ַי ַ֣ﬠר ַה ְלּ ָבנ֗ וֹן ֵמ ָ֨אה ַא ָ ֤מּה ָא ְר‬ ֵ ‫וַ ִ֜יּ ֶבן ֶא‬ ‫מּוּדים׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫ל־ה ַﬠ‬ ָ ‫וּכ ֻר ֥תוֹת ֲא ָר ִז֖ים ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫מּוּד֣י ֲא ָר ִ֔זים‬ ֵ ‫טוּרי ַﬠ‬ ֵ֙ 7:2

‫טוּרי‬ ֵ

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 6:36. 7:2

‫וּכ ֻרתוֹת‬ ְ

Twice written this way Com.: See 1 Sam 5:4.

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 KINGS 7:3 ‫מּוּדים ַא ְר ָבּ ִ ֖ﬠים וַ ֲח ִמ ָ ֑שּׁה ֲח ִמ ָ ֥שּׁה ָﬠ ָ ֖שׂר ַה ֽטּוּר׃‬ ֔ ִ ‫ל־ה ַﬠ‬ ֽ ָ ‫שׁר ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ְצּ ָלע ֹ֙ת ֲא‬ ַ ‫וְ ָס ֻפ֣ן ָבּ ֶ֗א ֶרז ִמ ַ֨מּ ַﬠל֙ ַﬠ‬ 7:3

‫וְ ָס ֻפן‬

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its two occurrences written plene ‫ )וְ ָספוּן( ו‬at 1 Kgs 7:7 and Jer 22:14.

114 7:3

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וַ ֲח ִמ ָשּׁה ֲח ִמ ָשּׁה‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

1 KINGS 7:4 ‫ל־מ ֱח ָז֖ה ָשׁ�֥ שׁ ְפּ ָﬠ ִ ֽמים׃‬ ֶ ‫וּמ ֱח ָז֥ה ֶא‬ ֶ ‫טוּרים‬ ֑ ִ ‫�שׁה‬ ֣ ָ ‫וּשׁ ֻק ִ ֖פים ְשׁ‬ ְ 7:4

‫וּמ ֱחזָ ה‬ ֶ

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its three occurrences without a cj., once in this verse and twice in the next one. In ML the circellus for this lemma has been placed in the left column instead of in the right column where it belongs. 7:4

Twice

‫ל־מ ֱחזָ ה‬ ֶ ‫וּמ ֱחזָ ה ֶא‬ ֶ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:4; 7:5 (‫ל־מ ֱחזָ ה‬ ֶ ‫) ֶמ ֱחזָ ה ֶא‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one with a ‫ ו‬cj. (here), and one without a cj. in the next verse.

In ML the circellus for this lemma has been placed in the right column instead of in the left column where it belongs.

1 KINGS 7:5 ‫ל־מ ֱח ָז֖ה ָשׁ�֥ שׁ ְפּ ָﬠ ִ ֽמים׃‬ ֶ ‫וּמוּל ֶמ ֱח ָז֛ה ֶא‬ ֧ ‫ל־ה ְפּ ָת ִ ֥חים וְ ַה ְמּזוּז֖ וֹת ְר ֻב ִ ֣ﬠים ָ ֑שׁ ֶקף‬ ַ ‫וְ ָכ‬ 7:5 Twice

‫ל־מ ֱחזָ ה‬ ֶ ‫ֶמ ֱחזָ ה ֶא‬ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above in 1 Kgs 7:4.

1 KINGS

115

1 KINGS 7:6 ‫יהם וְ ַﬠ ֻמּ ִ ֥דים וְ ָ ֖ﬠב ַﬠל־‬ ֶ֔ ֵ‫ל־פּנ‬ ְ ‫אוּל ֙ם ַﬠ‬ ָ ְ‫�שׁים ַא ָ ֖מּה ָר ְח ֑בּוֹ ו‬ ֥ ִ ‫וּשׁ‬ ְ ‫ים ָﬠ ָ֔שׂה ֲח ִמ ִ ֤שּׁים ַא ָמּ ֙ה ָא ְר ֔כּוֹ‬ ֙ ‫מּוּד‬ ִ ‫אוּל֤ם ָ ֽה ַﬠ‬ ָ ‫וְ ֵ֨את‬ ‫יהם׃‬ ֽ ֶ ֵ‫ְפּנ‬ 7:6 Unique

‫אוּלם‬ ָ ‫וְ ֵאת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without a cj. at Ezek 40:8 and 9. 7:6

‫וְ ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬

Eleven times defective

Mp

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇א‬

1–5 Exod 27:10; 27:11; 38:12; 38:17; Judg 16:26 6–10 1 Kgs 7:6b; 7:21; 7:41a; Jer 27:19; Ezek 40:49 11 2 Chr 3:16

Com.: The Masorah notes the eleven occurrences of this lemma in various forms written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (30x) in various forms written plene ‫מּוּדים( ו‬ ִ ‫;)ﬠ‬ ַ see 1 Kgs 7:21 below.

1 KINGS 7:7 ‫ד־ה ַקּ ְר ָ ֽ קע׃‬ ַ ‫ט־שׁם ֻא ָ ֥לם ַה ִמּ ְשׁ ָ ֖פּט ָﬠ ָ ֑שׂה וְ ָס ֣פוּן ָבּ ֶ֔א ֶרז ֵמ ַה ַקּ ְר ַ ֖ קע ַﬠ‬ ָ֔ ‫שׁר יִ ְשׁ ָפּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫אוּל֤ם ַה ִכּ ֵסּ ֙א ֲא‬ ָ ְ‫ו‬ 7:7

‫אוּלם‬ ָ ְ‫ו‬

Five times at the beginning of a verse Com.: See 1 Sam 25:34. 7:7

‫ֻא ָלם‬

Three times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

̇‫ראש פסו‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

Mp

1 Kgs 7:7; 7:12 (‫;)וּל ֻא ָלם‬ ְ 7:21 (‫)ל ֻא ָלם‬ ְ

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (14x) written plene ‫אוּלם( ו‬ ָ ‫ ְל‬/‫אוּלם‬ ָ ), one of which is in v. 6.

116

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

This enumeration does not include the six occurrences of this lemma in the Temple section of the book of Ezekiel (chaps. 40–48). ML, contra M (‫)א ָלם‬, ֻ has two more occurrences of this lemma in this section since it writes the forms at 40:7 and 44:3 plene ‫;)אוּלם( ו‬ ָ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 221 and 224.

1 KINGS 7:8 ‫שׁר ָל ַ ֣ קח‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ת־פּ ְרע ֹ֙ה ֲא‬ ַ ‫וּביִ ת יַ ֲﬠ ֶ ֤שׂה ְל ַב‬ ַ֜ ‫אוּלם ַכּ ַ ֽמּ ֲﬠ ֶ ֥שׂה ַה ֶזּ֖ה ָה ָי֑ה‬ ָ ֔ ‫ית ָ ֽל‬ ֙ ‫ר־י ֶשׁב ָ֜שׁם ָח ֵצ֣ר ָה ַא ֶ֗ח ֶרת ִמ ֵבּ‬ ֵ֨ ‫וּביתוֹ֩ ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֵ ‫אוּלם ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ֖ ָ ‫מה ָכּ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ְשׁ‬ 7:8

‫וּביתוֹ‬ ֵ

Six times

Mp

̇‫ו‬

1–5 Exod 1:1; 1 Sam 27:3; 2 Sam 2:3; 1 Kgs 7:8; Mic 2:2 6 2 Chr 24:16

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) without a cj. 7:8

‫אַח ֶרת‬ ֶ ‫ָח ֵצר ָה‬

Unique 7:8

Twice

Mp

‫̇ל‬ ‫ת־פּ ְרעֹה‬ ַ ‫ְל ַב‬

Mp

‫̇ב‬

Exod 2:10; 1 Kgs 7:8

—————————— ‫ת־פּ ְרעֹה‬ ַ ‫ ְל ַב‬twice Exod 2:10 1 Kgs 7:8

‫לבת פרעה ̇ב‬

Mm

‫ויגדל הילד )ותביאהו( ]ותבאהו[ לבת פרעה‬ ‫ובית יעשה לבת פרעה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ל‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) without this preposition.

1 KINGS

117

1 KINGS 7:9 ‫ד־ה ָח ֵ ֥צר‬ ֶ ‫וּמ ֖חוּץ ַﬠ‬ ִ ‫ד־ה ְטּ ָפ ֔חוֹת‬ ַ ‫וּמ ַמּ ָסּ ֙ד ַﬠ‬ ִ ‫וּמ ֑חוּץ‬ ִ ‫ל־א ֶלּה ֲא ָב ִנ֤ים יְ ָקר ֹ֙ת ְכּ ִמ ֣דּ ֹת גָּ ִ֔זית ְמג ָֹר ֥רוֹת ַבּ ְמּגֵ ָ ֖רה ִמ ַבּ֣יִ ת‬ ֵ֜ ‫ָכּ‬ ‫דוֹלה׃‬ ֽ ָ ְ‫ַהגּ‬ 7:9

‫יְ ָקר ֹת‬

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (4x) written plene ‫)יְ ָקרוֹת( ו‬. 7:9

‫ְמג ָֹררוֹת‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of three times is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma. The Mp headings at MC and MA correctly read here unique. 7:9

‫ַבּ ְמּגֵ ָרה‬

Three times

2 Sam 12:31; 1 Kgs 7:9; 1 Chr 20:3 7:9

Unique

‫וּמ ַמּ ָסּד‬ ִ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that start with ‫ ;ומ‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §18, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §19. 7:9

Unique

‫ַה ְטּ ָפחוֹת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the def. article, to distinguish it from its occurrence without this def. article (‫)ט ָפחוֹת‬ ְ at Ps 39:6.

118

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 7:10 ‫וּמיֻ ָ֕סּד ֲא ָב ִ ֥נים יְ ָק ֖רוֹת ֲא ָב ִנ֣ים גְּ ד ֹל֑ וֹת ַא ְבנֵ ֙י ֶﬠ ֶ֣שׂר ַא ֔מּוֹת וְ ַא ְב ֵנ֖י ְשׁמ ֶֹנ֥ה ַא ֽמּוֹת׃‬ ְ

7:10 Unique

‫וּמיֻ ָסּד‬ ְ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that start with ‫ ;ומ‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §18.

1 KINGS 7:11 ‫וּמ ְל ַ֗מ ְﬠ ָלה ֲא ָב ִנ֧ים יְ ָק ֛רוֹת ְכּ ִמ ֥דּוֹת גָּ ִז֖ית וָ ָ ֽא ֶרז׃‬ ִ 7:11 Unique

‫וּמ ְל ַמ ְﬠ ָלה‬ ִ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its six occurrences without a cj. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that start with ‫ ;ומ‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §18, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §19.

1 KINGS 7:12 ‫וּל ֻא ָ ֥לם ַה ָ ֽבּיִ ת׃ פ‬ ְ ‫ימית‬ ֖ ִ ִ‫הו֛ה ַה ְפּנ‬ ָ ְ‫תת ֲא ָר ִז֑ים וְ ַל ֲח ַ ֧צר ֵבּית־י‬ ֹ ֣ ‫טוּרים גָּ ִ֔זית וְ ֖טוּר ְכּ ֻר‬ ֣ ִ ‫�שׁ ֙ה‬ ָ ‫דוֹלה ָס ִ֗ביב ְשׁ‬ ָ ֜ ְ‫וְ ָח ֵ֨צר ַהגּ‬ 7:12 Unique

‫דוֹלה‬ ָ ְ‫וְ ָח ֵצר ַהגּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫דוֹלה‬ ָ ְ‫ ַהגּ‬with ‫וְ ָח ֵצר‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫דוֹלה( ֶה ָח ֵצר‬ ָ ְ‫ ) ֶה ָח ֵצר ַהגּ‬in v. 9. 7:12

Unique

‫וְ ַל ֲח ַצר‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the cstr., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence in the absol. (‫ )וְ ֶל ָח ֵצר‬at Exod 38:20.

1 KINGS 7:12

‫וּל ֻא ָלם‬ ְ

Three times defective

119

Mp

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Com.: See above at 1 Kgs 7:7.

1 KINGS 7:14 ‫ת־ה ְתּבוּנָ ֙ה וְ ֶאת־‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ָח ְכ ָ ֤מה וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫ת ַו֠יִּ ָמּ ֵלא ֶא‬ ֒ ‫ן־א ָשּׁ ֩ה ַא ְל ָמ ֨ ָנה ֜הוּא ִמ ַמּ ֵ ֣טּה נַ ְפ ָתּ ֗ ִלי וְ ָא ִ ֣ביו ִאישׁ־צ ִֹר֮י ח ֵ ֹ֣רשׁ נְ ח ֶֹשׁ‬ ִ ‫ֶבּ‬ ‫אכ ֽתּוֹ׃‬ ְ ‫ל־מ ַל‬ ְ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫מה וַ יַּ ַ֖ﬠשׂ ֶא‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ל־ה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ַ ‫בוֹא ֶא‬ ֙ ָ‫אכה ַבּנְּ ֑חֹ ֶשׁת וַ יּ‬ ֖ ָ ‫ל־מ ָל‬ ְ ‫ַה ַ ֔דּ ַﬠת ַל ֲﬠ ֥שׂוֹת ָכּ‬ 7:14

‫וַ יִּ ָמּ ֵלא‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 7:25; 1 Kgs 7:14; 2 Kgs 10:21; Ezek 10:4; Esth 3:5 6 Esth 5:9 —————————— ‫ וַ יִּ ָמּ ֵלא‬six times

1–5 Exod 7:25 1 Kgs 7:14 2 Kgs 10:21 Ezek 10:4 Esth 3:5 6 Esth 5:9

̇‫וימלא ו‬

Mm

‫וימלא שבעת ימים‬ ‫וימלא את החכמה‬ ‫וימלא בית הבעל‬ ‫הבית את הענן‬ ‫המן חמה‬ ‫המן על מרדכי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬consec., to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a ‫ ו‬cj. (‫ )וְ יִ ָמּ ֵלא‬at Num 14:21 and Ps 72:19. 7:14

‫ֶאת‬

Eighteen verses with the sequence ‫ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫ֶאת‬ 1–5 6–10 11–15 16–18

‫פסוק את ואת ואת את‬ ̇ ‫יח‬

Gen 17:23; 32:23; Lev 16:20; Deut 5:21; Judg 8:16 2 Sam 11:1; 18:5; 1 Kgs 7:14; 7:40; 14:26 2 Kgs 15:16; 23:3; Jer 25:18; Hos 2:24; Neh 1:7 1 Chr 2:46; 2 Chr 4:11; 34:8

Mp

120

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the eighteen verses that have the sequence ‫ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫ ; ֶאת‬see Jobin, Concordance, 86–87. In ML this lemma has no circellus. 7:14

‫וַ יָּ בוֹא‬

Fifteen times plene, and similarly all Esther apart from two

‫דכות ̇ב ̇מ ̇ב‬ ̇ ‫מל וכל מגלת אסתר‬ ̇ ̇‫̇הי‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 4:13. 7:14

‫אכתּוֹ‬ ְ ‫ל־מ ַל‬ ְ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ַﬠשׂ ֶא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma. Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.) suggest that the lemma be limited to the first three words ‫ת־כּל‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ַﬠשׂ ֶא‬, which does occur twice (Exod 38:3 and here). Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 7:15 ‫ים־ﬠ ְשׂ ֵ ֣רה ַא ָ֔מּה יָ ֖סֹב‬ ֶ ‫חוּט ְשׁ ֵתּ‬ ֙ ְ‫קוֹמ ֙ת ָה ַﬠ ֣מּוּד ָה ֶא ָ֔חד ו‬ ַ ‫מּוּדים נְ ֑חֹ ֶשׁת ְשׁמ ֨ ֶֹנה ֶﬠ ְשׂ ֵ ֜רה ַא ָ֗מּה‬ ֖ ִ ‫ת־שׁ ֵנ֥י ָה ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫וַ יָּ ַ֛צר ֶא‬ ‫ת־ה ַﬠ ֥מּוּד ַה ֵשּׁ ִ ֽני׃‬ ָ ‫ֶא‬ 7:15

‫וַ יָּ ַצר‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Exod 32:4; 1 Kgs 7:15; 2 Kgs 5:23 ——————————

‫ וַ יָּ ַצר‬three times, and their references Exod 32:4 1 Kgs 7:15 2 Kgs 5:23

‫ויצר ̇ג וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ויצר אתו בחרט‬ ‫ויצר את שני העמודים‬ ‫ככרים כסף‬

And similarly (with) all occasions of going up (= besieging)

‫וכל לשון עלייה דכותהון‬

1 KINGS

121

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma meaning to cast (Exod 32:4 and here) or to wrap (2 Kgs 5:23), to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) in connection with verbs of going or coming up for purposes of besieging (e.g., ‫ וַ יַּ ַﬠל וַ יָּ ַצר‬and ‫)וַ יָּ בֹא וַ יָּ ַצר‬. 7:15

‫וְ חוּט‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:15; Jer 52:21

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence without a cj. at Josh 2:18.

1 KINGS 7:16 ‫קוֹמ ֙ת ַהכּ ֶ ֹ֣ת ֶרת ָה ֶא ָ֔חת וְ ָח ֵ ֣משׁ‬ ַ ‫מּוּדים ֻמ ַצ֣ק נְ ֑חֹ ֶשׁת ָח ֵ ֣משׁ ַא ֗מּוֹת‬ ֖ ִ ‫אשׁי ָ ֽה ַﬠ‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ל־ר‬ ָ ‫וּשׁ ֵ֨תּי כ ָֹת ֜ר ֹת ָﬠ ָ֗שׂה ָל ֵ ֛תת ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫קוֹמת ַהכּ ֶ ֹ֥ת ֶרת ַה ֵשּׁ ִ ֽנית׃‬ ֖ ַ ‫ַא ֔מּוֹת‬ 7:16

‫ֻמ ַצק‬

Three times and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

1–2 1 Kgs 7:16; Job 11:15 (‫)מ ָצק‬ ֻ

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of three times and defective is incorrect since there are only two occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, and there are also other occurrences written plene. Thus the heading should read, as it does in MA, twice defective.

The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) written plene ‫)מוּצק( ו‬. ַ

MC reads here three times defective in various forms, and the third form is taken by the editor to be ‫ ְבּ ֻמ ַצ ְקתּוֹ‬of 2 Chr 4:3; see Castro, El codice, 3:58. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that have a paṯaḥ; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §22, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §23.

122

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 7:17

‫מּוּדים ִשׁ ְב ָﬠ ֙ה ַלכּ ֶ ֹ֣ת ֶרת ָה ֶא ָ֔חת‬ ֑ ִ ‫ל־ר ֹאשׁ ָה ַﬠ‬ ֣ ‫שׂה ַשׁ ְר ְשׁ ֔רוֹת ַל ֣כֹּ ָת ֔ר ֹת ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ים ַמ ֲﬠ‬ ֙ ‫שׂה ְשׂ ָב ָ֗כה גְּ ִד ִל‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ְשׂ ָב ִ֞כים ַמ ֲﬠ‬ ‫וְ ִשׁ ְב ָ ֖ﬠה ַלכּ ֶ ֹ֥ת ֶרת ַה ֵשּׁ ִ ֽנית׃‬ 7:17

‫גְּ ִד ִלים‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Deut 22:12; 1 Kgs 7:17

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets that have the same meaning; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §70, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §13. 7:17

‫ַשׁ ְר ְשׁרוֹת‬

Three times plene

Mp

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 7:17; 2 Chr 3:16a; 3:16b (‫)בּ ַשּׁ ְר ְשׁרוֹת‬ ַ —————————— ‫ ַשׁ ְר ְשׁרוֹת‬three times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫שרשות ̇ג‬

Mm

1 Kgs 7:17 ‫שבכים מעשה‬ 2 Chr 3:16a ‫ויעש שרשרות‬ Twice in the verse (2 Chr 3:16b) ‫בפסוק‬ ̇ ‫שנים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences written defective ‫וְ ַשׁ ְר ְשׁר ֹת( ו‬/‫) ַשׁ ְר ְשׁר ֹת‬.

1 KINGS 7:18 ‫ל־ר ֹאשׁ ָ ֽה ִרמּ ֔ ִֹנים‬ ֣ ‫ת־ה ֽכֹּ ָתר ֹ֙ת ֲא ֶשׁ ֙ר ַﬠ‬ ַ ‫ל־ה ְשּׂ ָב ָכ֣ה ָה ֶא ָ֗חת ְל ַכ ֤סּוֹת ֶא‬ ַ ‫טוּרים ָס ִ֜ביב ַﬠ‬ ֨ ִ ֩‫וּשׁנֵ י‬ ְ ‫מּוּדים‬ ֑ ִ ‫ת־ה ַﬠ‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֖ﬠשׂ ֶא‬ ‫וְ ֵכ֣ן ָﬠ ָ֔שׂה ַלכּ ֶ ֹ֖ת ֶרת ַה ֵשּׁ ִ ֽנית׃‬ 7:18

‫ָה ֶא ָחת‬

Three times qameṣ, and similarly every ʾaṯnaḥ, zaqeṕ, and sôṕ pasûq apart from two Exod 26:5; 36:12; 1 Kgs 7:18

̇‫קמצ וכל אתנ‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬ Mp ‫דכות ̇ב ̇מ ̇ב‬ ̇ ̇‫וסופ פסו‬ ̇ ‫וזקפ‬ ̇

1 KINGS

123

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ח‬, apart from when it occurs with an ʾaṯnaḥ, zaqeṕ, or sôṕ pasûq. The two exceptions when this lemma has a paṯaḥ under the ‫ ח‬with a zaqeṕ accent, instead of an expected qameṣ, are at 1 Kgs 7:38 and 1 Chr 27:1. In ML the circellus has been misplaced in v. 17 on another ‫ה ֶא ָחת‬.ָ But that ‫ ָה ֶא ָחת‬has a zaqeṕ so no note is necessary for that form. The note should be on this form since ‫ ָה ֶא ָחת‬here has a rəḇîaʿ accent, which normally would not change the paṯaḥ under the ‫ ח‬to a qameṣ. 7:18

‫טוּרים‬ ִ ‫וּשׁנֵ י‬ ְ

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words and phrases that occur three times, twice without the ‫ ו‬cj. (1 Kgs 7:24 and 7:42), and once with a ‫ ו‬cj. (here), see the Mm at Job 40:7 sub �‫א ְשׁ ָא ְל‬, ֶ and Frensdorff, Ochlah, §240.

1 KINGS 7:19 ‫אוּל֑ם ַא ְר ַ ֖בּע ַא ֽמּוֹת׃‬ ָ ‫שׁוּשׁן ָ ֽבּ‬ ֣ ַ ‫מּוּדים ַמ ֲﬠ ֵ ֖שׂה‬ ֔ ִ ‫ל־ר ֹאשׁ ָה ַﬠ‬ ֣ ‫וְ ֽכֹ ָת ֗ר ֹת ֲא ֶשׁ ֙ר ַﬠ‬ 7:19

‫שׁוּשׁן‬ ַ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:19; Ps 60:1

—————————— ‫שׁוּשׁן‬ ַ twice and plene

1 Kgs 7:19 Ps 60:1

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫שושן ̇ב‬

Mm

‫וכתרת אשר על ראש‬ ‫למנצח על שושן‬

And similarly all the fortress of Shushan

‫דכות‬ ̇ ‫וכל שושן הבירה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) with a qameṣ (‫שׁוּשׁן‬ ָ ‫ ְבּ‬/‫שׁוּשׁן‬ ָ ).

The Mm also notes that this lemma is written with a paṯaḥ when it occurs with ‫ ַה ִבּ ָירה‬the fortress (12x), which it does in the books of Esther, Daniel, and Nehemiah.

By noting in the Mm that this lemma occurs twice and is written plene ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma ‫שׁוּשׁן‬ ַ does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫ו‬.

124

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 7:20

‫אתיִ ֙ם ֻט ִ ֣רים ָס ִ֔ביב‬ ַ֨ ‫מּוֹנ֤ים ָמ‬ ִ ‫ם־מ ַ֨מּ ַﬠל֙ ִמ ְלּ ֻﬠ ַ ֣מּת ַה ֶ֔בּ ֶטן ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ְל ֵﬠ ֶ֣בר ַ◌ ְשּׂ ָב ָכ֑ה וְ ָה ִר‬ ִ ַ‫מּוּדים גּ‬ ֔ ִ ‫ל־שׁנֵ ֙י ָ ֽה ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫וְ כ ָֹת ֗ר ֹת ַﬠ‬ ‫ַ ֖ﬠל ַהכּ ֶ ֹ֥ת ֶרת ַה ֵשּׁ ִ ֽנית׃‬ 7:20

‫ַ◌ ְשּׂ ָב ָכה‬

Read ‫ַה ְשּׂ ָב ָכה‬

‫קר‬ ̇ ‫השבכה‬

Mp

ַ represent examples of the omission of a defiCom.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)שבכה‬, and the qərê (‫)ה ְשּׂ ָב ָכה‬ nite article; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 147.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ ה‬is not written at the beginning of a word; see the Mm at 2 Sam 23:9 sub ‫◌גִּ בּ ִֹרים‬, ַ Frensdorff, Ochlah, §165, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §90.

1 KINGS 7:21 ‫ת־ה ַﬠ ֣מּוּד‬ ָ ‫מוֹ יָ ִ֔כין וַ ָ֨יּ ֶק ֙ם ֶא‬ ֙ ‫ת־שׁ‬ ְ ‫ת־ה ַﬠ ֣מּוּד ַהיְ ָמ ֗ ִני וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֤רא ֶא‬ ָ ‫ת־ה ַﬠ ֻמּ ִ ֔דים ְל ֻא ָ ֖לם ַ ֽה ֵה ָיכ֑ל וַ ָ֜יּ ֶקם ֶא‬ ֽ ָ ‫וַ ָ֨יּ ֶק ֙ם ֶא‬ ‫ת־שׁ ֖מוֹ ֽבֹּ ַﬠז׃‬ ְ ‫אלי וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֥רא ֶא‬ ִ ֔ ‫ַה ְשּׂ ָמ‬ 7:21

‫ָה ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬

Eleven times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇א‬

Mp

ָ Judg 16:26 1–5 Exod 27:10; 27:11; 38:12; 38:17 (‫;)ל ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬ 6–10 1 Kgs 7:6b (‫ ;)וְ ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬7:21; 7:41a (‫;)ﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬ ַ Jer 27:19; Ezek 40:49 (‫)וְ ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬ 11 2 Chr 3:16 ——————————

‫ ָה ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬eleven times defective 1–5

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫העמדים י̇ ̇א‬

‫ וְ ַﬠ ֻמּ ָדיו ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִרים‬at the beginning of the verse (Exod 27:10) Exod 27:11 Exod 38:12 The first ‫וְ ָה ֲא ָדנִ ים ָל ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬ (Exod 38:17) Judg 16:26

Mm

‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫ראש‬ ̇ ‫ועמדיו עשרים‬ ‫וכן לפאת צפון‬ ‫ולפאת ים קלעים‬ ̇‫והאדנים )לעמודים( ]לעמדים[ קדמי‬ ‫ויאמר שמשון אל הנער‬

1 KINGS 6–10 1 Kgs 7:6 1 Kgs 7:21 1 Kgs 7:41 2 Chr 3:16 Jer 27:19 11 Ezek 40:49

125

‫ועמדים ועב‬ ‫ויקם את‬ ‫עמדים שנים‬ ‫בדב{ בדביר‬ ̇ } ‫ויעש שרשרות‬ [‫כי כה אמר יהוה )אלהי ישראל( ]צבאות‬ ‫ועמדים אל האילים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the eleven occurrences of this lemma in various forms written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (30x) in various forms written plene ‫מּוּדים( ו‬ ִ ‫)ﬠ‬. ַ

ML, contrary to M (‫מּוּדים‬ ִ ‫)ה ַﬠ‬, ָ has two more occurrences of this lemma since it writes the forms at Exod 38:10 and 1 Kgs 7:41b defective ‫;)ה ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים( ו‬ ָ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 17 and 108. However, all the Mp heading highlighted above, apart from one (see below), read eleven times, thus supporting the enumeration inherent in the text of M.

The Mp heading at Exod 38:17, which alone has the form ‫ל ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬,ָ reads twice, once defective and once plene, the plene occurrence of this form being at Exod 38:28.

The Mm has two additional notations. One is at the Exod 27:10 reference and distinguishes the defective form ‫וְ ַﬠ ֻמּ ָדיו‬, that occurs at the beginning of the verse, from its occurrence written plene (in the qərê) in the middle of the following verse.

The other, at the Exod 38:17 reference, is to distinguish the first occurrence of‫ ָל ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬, which is written defective ‫ ו‬in that verse from its second occurrence in Exod 38:28, where it is written plene ‫מּוּדים( ו‬ ִ ‫)ל ַﬠ‬. ָ It is most probable that the first catchword ‫ והאדנים‬has inadvertently been borrowed from the Mm list at Exod 27:10. 7:21

‫ת־שׁמוֹ‬ ְ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ָרא ֶא‬1

Ten times

Mp

̇‫י‬

1–5 Gen 4:26; 5:3; 5:29; 35:10; 38:3 6–10 Exod 2:22; 2 Sam 12:25; 1 Kgs 7:21a; 7:21b; 1 Chr 7:23

Com.: The Masorah notes the ten occurrences of this lemma with ‫את‬, ֶ to distinguish them from its six occurrences without ‫)וַ יִּ ְק ָרא ְשׁמוֹ( ֶאת‬. 2 Sam 12:24 is not included in this count since there ‫ וַ ִתּ ְק ָרא‬is the qərê to the kəṯîḇ ‫ויקרא‬, and the qərê form is the norm that is included in Masoretic enumerations. 7:21

‫וַ יָּ ֶקם‬3

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Com.: See Judg 2:16.

Mp

126

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 7:22 ‫מּוּדים׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫אכת ָה ַﬠ‬ ֶ ‫תּם ְמ ֶ ֥ל‬ ֹ ֖ ‫שׁוֹשׁן וַ ִתּ‬ ֑ ָ ‫שׂה‬ ֣ ֵ ‫מּוּדים ַמ ֲﬠ‬ ֖ ִ ‫וְ ַ ֛ﬠל ֥ר ֹאשׁ ָה ַﬠ‬

7:22

‫שׁוֹשׁן‬ ָ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:22; 7:26

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ḥolem, to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a šûreq (‫)שׁוּשׁן‬ ָ at Esth 3:15 and 8:15. 7:22

‫וַ ִתּתֹּם‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 47:18; 1 Kgs 7:22

Com.: The Mp heading at Gen 47:18 adds the catchwords ‫אכת( מלאכת העמודים‬ ֶ ‫מּוּדים ְמ ֶל‬ ִ ‫)ה ַﬠ‬ ָ to refer the reader to this verse.

1 KINGS 7:23 ‫�שׁים‬ ֣ ִ ‫קוֹמ ֔תוֹ וְ ָק֙וה ְשׁ‬ ָ ‫ד־שׂ ָפ ֜תוֹ ָﬠ ֹ֣גל ׀ ָס ִ֗ביב וְ ָח ֵ ֤משׁ ָ ֽבּ ַא ָמּ ֙ה‬ ְ ‫מוּצ֑ק ֶﬠ ֶ֣שׂר ֠ ָבּ ַא ָמּה ִמ ְשּׂ ָפ ֨תוֹ ַﬠ‬ ָ ‫ת־היָּ ֖ם‬ ַ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֥ﬠשׂ ֶא‬ ‫ָ ֽבּ ַא ָ֔מּה יָ ֥סֹב א ֹ֖תוֹ ָס ִ ֽביב׃‬ 7:23

Read ‫וְ ָקו‬

‫וְ ָקוה‬ ‫וקו ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)וקוה‬, and the qərê (‫ )וְ ָקו‬represent miscellaneous variations in nouns; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 124.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that are written with a ‫ ה‬at the end that is not read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §112.

1 KINGS

127

1 KINGS 7:24 ‫ים ַה ְפּ ָק ֔ ִﬠים‬ ֙ ‫טוּר‬ ִ ‫ת־היָּ ֖ם ָס ִ ֑ביב ְשׁ ֵנ֤י‬ ַ ‫יב ס ְֹב ִ ֣בים א ֹ֔תוֹ ֶ ֚ﬠ ֶשׂר ָ ֽבּ ַא ָ֔מּה ַמ ִקּ ִ ֥פים ֶא‬ ֙ ‫ים ִמ ַ֨תּ ַחת ִל ְשׂ ָפ ֤תוֹ ׀ ָס ִב‬ ֩ ‫וּפ ָק ִﬠ‬ ְ ‫יצ ָק ֽתוֹ׃‬ ֻ ‫יְ ֻצ ִ ֖ קים ִבּ‬ 7:24

‫וּפ ָק ִﬠים‬ ְ

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence without a cj. at 1 Kgs 6:18. 7:24

‫ַמ ִקּ ִפים‬

Twice once defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

1 Kgs 7:24; 2 Chr 4:3 (‫יפים‬ ִ ‫)מ ִקּ‬ ַ

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written plene ‫( י‬2 Chr 4:3), and one written defective ‫( י‬here). The Mp heading at 2 Chr 4:3 reads unique plene. 7:24

‫יְ ֻצ ִקים‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:24; 2 Chr 4:3 (‫צוּקים‬ ִ ְ‫)י‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written plene ‫ ו‬in the parallel passage of 2 Chr 4:3, and one written defective ‫( ו‬here). The Mp heading at 2 Chr 4:3 reads twice, once defective. 7:24

Unique

‫יצ ָקתוֹ‬ ֻ ‫ִבּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in this form, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence in a different form (‫)בּ ֻמ ַצ ְקתּוֹ‬ ִ in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 4:3.

128

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 7:25

‫�שׁ ֙ה פּ ִֹנ֣ים‬ ָ ‫וּשׁ‬ ְ ‫�שׁה ׀ פּ ִֹנ֣ים ֗ ֶנגְ ָבּה‬ ֣ ָ ‫וּשׁ‬ ְ ‫�שׁ ֩ה פ ֨ ִֹנים ׀ ָ֜י ָמּה‬ ָ ‫וּשׁ‬ ְ ‫�שׁה פ ִֹנ֣ים ׀ ָצ ֡פוֹנָ ה‬ ֣ ָ ‫ל־שׁ ֵנ֧י ָﬠ ָ ֣שׂר ָבּ ָ ֗קר ְשׁ‬ ְ ‫ע ֵֹ֞מד ַﬠ‬ ‫יהם ָ ֽבּיְ ָתה׃‬ ֖ ֶ ‫ל־א ֽחֹ ֵר‬ ֲ ‫יהם ִמ ְל ָ ֑מ ְﬠ ָלה וְ ָכ‬ ֖ ֶ ‫ִמזְ ָ ֔ר ָחה וְ ַהיָּ ֥ם ֲﬠ ֵל‬ 7:25

‫ְשׁנֵ י ָﬠ ָשׂר‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

Com.: See Josh 3:12. 7:25

‫ָצפוֹנָ ה‬

Fifty-two times

‫נ̇ ̇ב‬

Com.: See Josh 18:12. 7:25

‫נֶ גְ ָבּה‬

Twenty-nine times

Com.: See Josh 15:2. 7:25

‫וְ ַהיָּ ם‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

‫̇כ ̇ט‬

Mp

Mp

Mp

Com.: See Josh 15:47. 7:25

‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫ֲאח ֵֹר‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:25; Ezek 8:16; 2 Chr 4:4

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, possibly to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (47x) pointed as ‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫אַח ֵר‬. ֲ

1 KINGS

129

1 KINGS 7:26 ‫שׁוֹשׁן ַא ְל ַ ֥פּיִ ם ַ ֖בּת יָ ִ ֽכיל׃ פ‬ ֑ ָ ‫ת־כּוֹס ֶפּ ַ֣רח‬ ֖ ‫וּשׂ ָפ ֛תוֹ ְכּ ַמ ֲﬠ ֵ ֥שׂה ְשׂ ַפ‬ ְ ‫וְ ָﬠ ְבי֣ וֹ ֶ֔ט ַפח‬ 7:26

‫וְ ָﬠ ְביוֹ‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 7:26; Jer 52:21; 2 Chr 4:5 7:26

‫שׁוֹשׁן‬ ָ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See above at 1 Kgs 7:22.

1 KINGS 7:27 ‫כוֹנ֣ה ָ ֽה ֶא ָ֔חת וְ ַא ְר ַ ֤בּע ָ ֽבּ ַא ָמּ ֙ה ָר ְח ָ֔בּהּ וְ ָשׁ�֥ שׁ ָבּ ַא ָ ֖מּה‬ ָ ‫א ֶר� ַה ְמּ‬ ֹ ֚ ‫ת־ה ְמּכֹנ֛ וֹת ֶ ֖ﬠ ֶשׂר נְ ֑חֹ ֶשׁת ַא ְר ַבּ֣ע ָבּ ַא ָ֗מּה‬ ַ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֧ﬠשׂ ֶא‬ ‫קוֹמ ָ ֽתהּ׃‬ ָ 7:27

‫ת־ה ְמּכֹנוֹת‬ ַ ‫ֶא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 7:29; 7:39

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its four occurrences with a ‫ ו‬cj., one of which is in v. 43 of this chapter. 7:27

‫קוֹמ ָתהּ‬ ָ

Twice and plene

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Gen 6:15; 1 Kgs 7:27

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written plene ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫ו‬.

130

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 7:28 ‫וּמ ְסגְּ ֖ר ֹת ֵ ֥בּין ַה ְשׁ ַל ִ ֽבּים׃‬ ִ ‫כוֹנ֖ה ִמ ְסגְּ ֣ר ֹת ָל ֶ ֑הם‬ ָ ‫וְ ֶז֛ה ַמ ֲﬠ ֵ ֥שׂה ַה ְמּ‬

7:28 Unique

‫וּמ ְסגְּ ר ֹת‬ ִ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its occurrence without a cj. in the same verse. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that start with ‫ ;ומ‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §18, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §19.

1 KINGS 7:29 ‫וּמ ַ֨תּ ַח ֙ת ַל ֲא ָרי֣ וֹת‬ ִ ‫ל־ה ְשׁ ַל ִ ֖בּים ֵכּ֣ן ִמ ָ ֑מּ ַﬠל‬ ַ ‫רוּבים וְ ַﬠ‬ ִ֔ ‫וּכ‬ ְ ‫שׁר ׀ ֵבּ֣ין ַה ְשׁ ַל ִ֗בּים ֲא ָרי֤ וֹת ׀ ָבּ ָק ֙ר‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ִמּ ְסגְּ ֞רוֹת ֲא‬ ַ ‫וְ ַ ֽﬠ‬ ‫מוֹרד׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫וְ ַל ָבּ ָ ֔קר �י֖ וֹת ַמ ֲﬠ ֵ ֥שׂה‬ 7:29

‫ַה ִמּ ְסגְּ רוֹת‬

Five times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 2 Sam 22:46 (‫רוֹתם‬ ָ ְ‫;)מ ִמּ ְסגּ‬ ִ 1 Kgs 7:29; 7:32 (‫)ל ִמּ ְסגְּ רוֹת‬ ַ 2 Kgs 16:17; Ps 18:46 (‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫רוֹת‬ ֵ ְ‫)מ ִמּ ְסגּ‬ ִ —————————— ‫ ַה ִמּ ְסגְּ רוֹת‬five times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫המסגרות ̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 7:29 1 Kgs 7:32 2 Kgs 16:17 2 Sam 22:46 And its companion (Ps 18:46)

Mm

‫ועל המסגרות‬ ‫)וארבע( ]וארבעת[ האופנים‬ ‫ויקצץ המלך אחז‬ ‫בני נכר יבלו ויחגרו‬ ‫וחבירו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of forms of this lemma written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its five occurrences written defective ‫יה( ו‬ ָ ‫ ִמ ְסגְּ ר ֶֹת‬/‫) ִמ ְסגְּ ר ֹת‬. The Mp at 2 Sam 22:46 correctly reads unique for the specific form (‫רוֹתם‬ ָ ְ‫)מ ִמּ ְסגּ‬ ִ that occurs there.

1 KINGS 7:29

‫רוּבים‬ ִ ‫וּכ‬ ְ ‫ֲא ָריוֹת ׀ ָבּ ָקר‬

Unique 7:29

131

Mp

‫̇ל‬ ‫וּמ ַתּ ַחת‬ ִ

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Deut 33:27; 1 Kgs 7:29; Ezek 42:9 (qərê) —————————— ‫וּמ ַתּ ַחת‬ ִ three times Deut 33:27 1 Kgs 7:29 Ezek 42:9

‫ומתחת ̇ג‬

Mm

‫)מעתה( ]מענה[ אלהי קדם‬ ‫ומתחת לאריות ולבקר‬ ‫ומתחת הלשכות‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (49x) without a cj. 7:29

‫ַל ֲא ָריוֹת‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫ל‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (14x) without this preposition, one of which occurs in this same verse, and another in v. 36. 7:29

‫�יוֹת‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:29; 7:30

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with a cj. in v. 36.

7:29

Unique

‫מוֹרד‬ ָ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish it from its two occurrences with the prep. ‫ ב‬at Josh 7:5 and Mic 1:4.

132

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 7:30

‫כוֹנ֤ה ָ ֽה ַא ַח ֙ת וְ ַס ְר ֵנ֣י נְ ֔חֹ ֶשׁת וְ ַא ְר ָבּ ָ ֥ﬠה ַפ ֲﬠמ ָ ֹ֖תיו ְכּ ֵת ֹ֣פת ָל ֶ ֑הם ִמ ַ ֤תּ ַחת ַל ִכּיּ ֹ֙ר ַה ְכּ ֵת ֹ֣פת‬ ָ ‫אוֹפ ֨ ֵנּי נְ ֜חֹ ֶשׁת ַל ְמּ‬ ַ ‫וְ ַא ְר ָבּ ָﬠ ֩ה‬ ‫יְ ֻצ ֔קוֹת ֵמ ֵ ֥ﬠ ֶבר ִ ֖אישׁ �יֽ וֹת׃‬ 7:30

‫ְכּ ֵתפֹת‬

Unique defective in the Prophets

‫בנביא‬ ̇ ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the Prophets written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its occurrence in the Prophets written plene ‫)כּ ֵתפוֹת( ו‬ ְ in v. 34. 7:30

‫ַל ִכּיֹּר‬

Twice defective in the Prophets

1 Kgs 7:30; 2 Kgs 16:17 (‫)ה ִכּיֹּר‬ ַ —————————— ‫ ַל ִכּיֹּר‬twice defective 1 Kgs 7:30 2 Kgs 16:17

Mp

‫בנביא‬ ̇ ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

‫לכיר ) ̇ג( ] ̇ב[ חסירין‬

Mm

‫)ומתחת( ]מתחת[ לכיר‬ ‫ויסר מעליהם ואת הכיר‬

And similarly all the Torah apart from three plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫דכות בר מן ̇ג‬ ̇ ‫וכל אוריתא‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ ו‬in the Prophets, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (5x) in various forms in the Prophets written plene ‫ו‬, such as ‫ ִכּיּוֹר‬and ‫ה ִכּיּוֹר‬.ַ The Mm also notes that this lemma also occurs in the Torah written defective ‫ו‬, apart from three cases when it is written plene ‫ ו‬at Exod 30:18, 31:9, and 38:8; see the Mm at Exod 30:18 sub ‫כּיּוֹר‬.ִ 7:30

‫�יוֹת‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 7:29.

1 KINGS

133

1 KINGS 7:31 ‫יה ִמ ְק ָל ֔עוֹת‬ ָ֙ ‫ל־פּ‬ ִ ֨ ‫ם־ﬠ‬ ַ ַ‫ה־כן ַא ָ ֖מּה וַ ֲח ִ ֣צי ָ ֽה ַא ָ ֑מּה וְ ג‬ ֵ֔ ‫יה ָﬠ ֹ֣גל ַמ ֲﬠ ֵשׂ‬ ָ֙ ‫וּפ‬ ִ ֨ ‫וּ ִ֠פיהוּ ִמ ֵ֨בּית ַלכּ ֶ ֹ֤ת ֶרת וָ ַ֨מ ְﬠ ָל ֙ה ָ ֽבּ ַא ָ֔מּה‬ ‫יהם ְמ ֻר ָבּ ֖ﬠוֹת ֥ל ֹא ֲﬠגֻ ֽלּוֹת׃‬ ֥ ֶ ‫וּמ ְסגְּ ר ֵֹת‬ ִ 7:31

‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫וּמ ְסגְּ ר ֵֹת‬ ִ

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of three times is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma. The Mp headings at MC and MA correctly read unique.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that start with ‫ ;ומ‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §18, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §19.

7:31

Unique 7:31

Unique

‫ְמ ֻר ָבּעוֹת‬ ‫̇ל‬ ‫ֲﬠגֻ לּוֹת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma, possibly to distinguish it from its three occurrences with a different vocalization (‫) ֲﬠגָ לוֹת‬.

1 KINGS 7:32 ‫אוֹפ֣ן ָה ֶא ָ֔חד ַא ָ ֖מּה וַ ֲח ִ ֥צי ָה ַא ָ ֽמּה׃‬ ַ ‫קוֹמ ֙ת ָה‬ ַ ְ‫כוֹנ֑ה ו‬ ָ ‫וֹפ ִנּ֖ים ַבּ ְמּ‬ ַ ‫וֹפ ֗ ִנּים ְל ִמ ַ֨תּ ַח ֙ת ַ ֽל ִמּ ְסגְּ ֔רוֹת וִ ֥ידוֹת ָה ֽא‬ ַ ‫וְ ַא ְר ַ ֣בּ ַﬠת ָה ֽא‬ 7:32 Unique

‫אוֹפנִּ ים‬ ַ ‫אַר ַבּ ַﬠת ָה‬ ְ ְ‫ו‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma and the four wheels, possibly to distinguish it from the sole occurrence of its parallel form ‫אוֹפנִּ ים‬ ַ ‫אַר ָבּ ָﬠה‬ ְ , four wheels, at Ezek 10:9.

134

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

7:32

‫ְל ִמ ַתּ ַחת‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫ל‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (42x) without this preposition, two of which occur in this chapter at vv. 24 and 30. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that occur once beginning with ‫ ;למ‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §367.

1 KINGS 7:33 ‫מוּצק׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫יהם ַה ֥כֹּל‬ ֖ ֶ ‫יהם וְ ִח ֻשּׁ ֵר‬ ֛ ֶ ‫יהם וְ ִח ֻשּׁ ֵק‬ ֶ֗ ‫דוֹתם וְ גַ ֵבּ‬ ֣ ָ ְ‫אוֹפ֣ן ַה ֶמּ ְר ָכּ ָ ֑בה י‬ ַ ‫וֹפ ֔ ִנּים ְכּ ַמ ֲﬠ ֵ ֖שׂה‬ ַ ‫וּמ ֲﬠ ֵשׂ ֙ה ָה ֣א‬ ַֽ 7:33

‫וּמ ֲﬠ ֵשׂה‬ ַ

Ten times

Mp

̇‫י‬

1–5 1 Kgs 7:33; Isa 5:12; 19:25; 64:7; 65:22 6–10 Ps 19:2; 90:17a; 90:17b; 102:26; 1 Chr 23:28

Com.: The Masorah notes the ten occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (86x) without a cj.

The Mp heading at Ps 90:17a mistakenly reads thirteen times. Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.) suggest that the mistake arose due to confusion with the number (thirteen) of the seder division, which also occurs at that point in the ms. 7:33

‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫וְ ִח ֻשּׁ ֵק‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma.

The Mp heading here at MA correctly reads unique, and the Mp heading at MC adds and defective ‫ו‬. 7:33

Unique

‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫וְ ִח ֻשּׁ ֵר‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

135

1 KINGS 7:34 ‫יה׃‬ ָ ‫ן־ה ְמּכ ָֹנ֖ה ְכּ ֵת ֶ ֽפ‬ ַ ‫וְ ַא ְר ַבּ֣ע ְכּ ֵת ֔פוֹת ֶ ֚אל ַא ְר ַבּ֣ע ִפּנּ֔ וֹת ַה ְמּכ ָֹנ֖ה ָ ֽה ֶא ָ ֑חת ִמ‬ 7:34

‫אַר ַבּע‬ ְ ְ‫ו‬

Twice at the beginning of a verse

‫ראש פסוק‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:34; Dan 7:3

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma at the beginning of a verse, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (37x) in the middle of a verse, one of which is in v. 27 of this chapter.

Normally such a note indicates the presence or absence of a ‫ ו‬cj. at the beginning of a verse, but there are no examples of ‫אַר ַבּע‬ ְ at the beginning of a verse. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets occuring at the beginning of a verse with a prefixed ‫( ו‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §172, and Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §96). 7:34

‫אַר ַבּע‬ ְ ‫ֶאל‬

Unique, and all Ezekiel apart from two

‫יחזק ̇ב ̇מ ̇ב‬ ̇ ‫̇ל וכל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫אַר ַבּע‬ ְ with ‫אל‬, ֶ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (14x) with ‫אַר ַבּע( ַﬠל‬ ְ ‫) ַﬠל‬.

The Masorah also notes that the phrase ‫אַר ַבּע‬ ְ ‫ ֶאל‬is the norm in Ezekiel apart from two exceptional occurrences (‫אַר ַבּע‬ ְ ‫ ) ַﬠל‬at Ezek 7:2 and 43:20. But there are no occurrences of ‫ֶאל‬ ‫אַר ַבּע‬ ְ in Ezekiel, though there are two with a ‫ ו‬cj. (‫אַר ַבּע‬ ְ ‫ )וְ ֶאל‬at Ezek 43:20 and 45:19.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that only occur once with the prep. ‫;אל‬ ֶ see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §77, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §156A. 7:34

‫ ַה ְמּכֹנָ ה‬2

Four times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:34a; 7:34b; 7:35b; Neh 11:28 (‫)וב ְמכֹנָ ה‬ ִ

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with prefixes written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences written plene ‫)ה ְמּכוֹנָ ה( ו‬. ַ

136

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 7:35 ‫יה ִמ ֶ ֽמּנָּ ה׃‬ ָ ‫וּמ ְסגְּ ר ֶ ֹ֖ת‬ ִ ‫יה‬ ָ ‫קוֹמה ָﬠ ֹ֣גל ׀ ָס ִ ֑ביב וְ ֨ ַﬠל ֤ר ֹאשׁ ַה ְמּכֹנָ ֙ה יְ ד ֶֹ֔ת‬ ֖ ָ ‫כוֹנה ֲח ִ ֧צי ָה ַא ָ ֛מּה‬ ָ ֗ ‫וּב ֣ר ֹאשׁ ַה ְמּ‬ ְ

7:35

‫וּברֹאשׁ‬ ְ

‫וּברֹאשׁ‬ ְ twice, and their references 1 Kgs 2:33 1 Kgs 7:35

‫ובראש ̇ב וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ושבו דמיהם בראש‬ ‫המכונה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (35x) without a cj.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words beginning with ‫ וב‬that only occur twice; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §62, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §63.

This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 189v, but the Mm note appears on the bottom of the following folio 190r. 7:35

‫ַה ְמּכֹנָ ה‬

Four times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 7:34.

1 KINGS 7:36 ‫ר־אישׁ וְ �י֖ וֹת ָס ִ ֽביב׃‬ ֥ ִ ‫מ ֑ר ֹת ְכּ ַ ֽמ ַﬠ‬ ֹ ‫רוּבים ֲא ָרי֣ וֹת וְ ִת‬ ֖ ִ ‫יה ְכּ‬ ָ ‫ומ ְסגְּ ר ֶֹ֔ת‬ ִ ֙‫יה וְ ַﬠל‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ֻלּח ֹ֙ת יְ ד ֶֹ֔ת‬ ַ ‫וַ יְ ַפ ַ ֤תּח ַﬠ‬ 7:36

‫וַ יְ ַפ ַתּח‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 24:32; 1 Kgs 7:36

—————————— ‫ וַ יְ ַפ ַתּח‬twice

Gen 24:32 1 Kgs 7:36

‫ויפתח ̇ב‬ ‫הגמלים‬ ‫הלחת‬

Mm

1 KINGS

137

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the piel, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (13x) in the qal (‫)וַ יִּ ְפ ַתּח‬.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words only occurring twice that commence with ‫ ;וי‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §68, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §69. The Mm at Gen 24:32 notes the two forms as homonyms, the meaning at Gen 24:32 being to unload, and that at 1 Kgs 7:36 to engrave.

This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 189v, but the Mm note appears on the bottom of the following folio 190r. 7:36

‫יה‬ ָ ‫ומ ְסגְּ ר ֶֹת‬ ִ

Read ‫יה‬ ָ ‫ִמ ְסגְּ ר ֶֹת‬

‫מסגרתיה ̇ק‬

—————————— Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp1 Mp2

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ומסגרתיה‬, and its ridges), and the qərê (‫יה‬ ָ ‫מ ְסגְּ ר ֶֹת‬, ִ its ridges) represent variant forms where the qərê is preferable to the kəṯîḇ; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 152.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ ו‬is written at the beginning of a word but is not read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §118, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §104.

In the second Mp note, the Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬. By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective (‫)ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬. In ML this lemma has two Mp notes but only one circellus. 7:36

Unique 7:36

Unique

‫ְכּ ַמ ַﬠר‬ ‫̇ל‬ ‫וְ �יוֹת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without a cj. in vv. 29 and 30.

138

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 7:37 ‫מוּצק ֶא ָ֜חד ִמ ָ ֥דּה ַא ַ ֛חת ֶ ֥ק ֶצב ֶא ָ ֖חד ְל ֻכ ָ ֽלּ ְהנָ ה׃ ס‬ ָ֨ ‫ָכּ ֣ז ֹאת ָﬠ ָ֔שׂה ֵ ֖את ֶﬠ ֶ֣שׂר ַה ְמּכֹנ֑ וֹת‬

7:37

‫ְל ֻכ ָלּ ְהנָ ה‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 7:38 ‫וַ יַּ ַ֛ﬠשׂ ֲﬠ ָשׂ ָ ֥רה ִכיּ ֹ֖רוֹת נְ ֑חֹ ֶשׁת ַא ְר ָבּ ֨ ִﬠים ַ֜בּת יָ ִ ֣כיל ׀ ַה ִכּיּ֣ וֹר ָה ֶא ָ֗חד ַא ְר ַ ֤בּע ָ ֽבּ ַא ָמּ ֙ה ַה ִכּיּ֣ וֹר ָה ֶא ָ֔חד ִכּיּ֤ וֹר ֶא ָח ֙ד ַﬠל־‬ ‫כוֹנ֣ה ָה ַא ַ֔חת ְל ֶ ֖ﬠ ֶשׂר ַה ְמּכֹנֽ וֹת׃‬ ָ ‫ַה ְמּ‬ 7:38

‫אַחת‬ ַ֔ ‫ָה‬

Twice zaqeṕ paṯaḥ

‫פת‬ ̇ ‫זקפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:38; 1 Chr 27:1

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma which has a paṯaḥ, instead of an expected qameṣ, under a zaqeṕ accent; see directly above at 1 Kgs 7:18.

1 KINGS 7:39 ‫ת־ה ָ֗יּם נָ ַ֞תן ִמ ֶ֨כּ ֶתף ַה ַ ֧בּיִ ת‬ ַ ‫ל־כּ ֶתף ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ִמ ְשּׂמֹאל֑ וֹ וְ ֶא‬ ֥ ֶ ‫ל־כּ ֶ֤תף ַה ַ֨בּיִ ֙ת ִמיָּ ִ֔מין וְ ָח ֵ ֛משׁ ַﬠ‬ ֶ ‫ת־ה ְמּכֹנ֔ וֹת ָח ֵ֞משׁ ַﬠ‬ ַ ‫תּן ֶא‬ ֙ ֵ ִ‫וַ יּ‬ ‫ַהיְ ָמ ִנ֛ית ֵ ֖ק ְד ָמה ִמ ֥מּוּל ֶנֽ גֶ ב׃ ס‬ 7:39

‫ָח ֵמשׁ‬

Fourteen times

‫י̇ ̇ד‬

Mp

1–5 All the Torah; Josh 14:10; 2 Sam 4:4; 1 Kgs 6:6; 6:10 6–10 1 Kgs 7:16; 7:39; 7:49; 2 Kgs 8:16; 13:19 11–14 Isa 19:18; Jer 52:22; All Ezekiel; All Chronicles

Com.: The Masorah notes the fourteen occurrences of this lemma in the absol., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (40x) in the cstr. (‫)ח ֵמשׁ‬. ֲ

The occurrences of this lemma in three of the books are taken as one unit: The Torah (21x), Ezekiel (12x), and Chronicles (10x); see Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.

1 KINGS 7:39

‫ל־כּ ֶתף‬ ֶ ‫ַﬠ‬

‫ל־כּ ֶתף‬ ֶ ‫ ַﬠ‬five times, and their references 1–5 Num 34:11 1 Kgs 7:39a Twice in the verse (1 Kgs 7:39b) Isa 30:6 Ezek 46:19

‫על כתף ̇ה וסימנהון‬

139

Mm

‫וירד הגבל משפם‬ ‫ויתן את המכנות‬ ‫שנים בפסוק‬ ‫עירים חילהם‬ ‫ויביאני במבוא‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with this vocalization, to distinguish them from its four occurrences pointed as ‫) ַﬠל ָכּ ֵתף( ָכּ ֵתף‬. 7:39

‫ת־היָּ ם‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 7:39; 7:44; 2 Kgs 16:17; Hag 2:6; 2 Chr 4:10 —————————— ‫ת־היָּ ם‬ ַ ‫ וְ ֶא‬five times

‫ואת הים ̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 7:39 1 Kgs 7:44 2 Kgs 16:17 2 Chr 4:10 Hag 2:6

Mm

‫נתן מכתף הבית‬ ‫ואת הים האחד‬ ‫ואת הים הורד‬ ‫נתן מכתף הימנית‬ ‫ואת החרבה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 7:40 ‫אכה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֛שׂה‬ ָ֔ ‫ל־ה ְמּ ָל‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫שׂוֹת ֶא‬ ֙ ‫ירם ַ ֽל ֲﬠ‬ ֗ ָ ‫ת־ה ִמּזְ ָר ֑קוֹת וַ יְ ַכ֣ל ִח‬ ַ ‫ת־היָּ ִ ֖ﬠים וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ִכּיּ ֹ֔רוֹת וְ ֶא‬ ַ֨ ‫ירוֹם ֶא‬ ֔ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֣ﬠשׂ ִח‬ ‫הוֽה׃‬ ָ ְ‫מה ֵ ֥בּית י‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ַל ֶ ֥מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ 7:40

‫ִחירוֹם‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 5:24.

140

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 7:41

‫ת־שׁ ֵתּ֙י גֻּ �֣ ת‬ ְ ‫ל־ר ֹאשׁ ָ ֽה ַﬠ ֻמּ ִ ֖דים ְשׁ ָ ֑תּיִ ם וְ ַה ְשּׂ ָב ֣כוֹת ְשׁ ַ֔תּיִ ם ְל ַכ ֗סּוֹת ֶא‬ ֥ ‫ר־ﬠ‬ ַ ‫ַﬠ ֻמּ ִ ֣דים ְשׁ ֔ ַניִ ם וְ גֻ �֧ ת ַהכּ ָֹת ֛ר ֹת ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ‫מּוּדים׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫ל־ר ֹאשׁ ָה ַﬠ‬ ֥ ‫ַה ֽכֹּ ָת ֔ר ֹת ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ַﬠ‬ 7:41

‫ַﬠ ֻמּ ִדים‬

Eleven times defective

Mp

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇א‬

Com.: See above at 1 Kgs 7:6. 7:41

‫וְ גֻ �ת‬

Seven times defective

Com.: See Josh 15:19.

‫חס‬ ̇ ̇‫ז‬

Mp

In ML this note has mistakenly been placed on the following ‫גֻּ �ת‬, which occurs later in the verse, but it properly belongs with this lemma as MA correctly has it; see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 108. MC has no note here.

1 KINGS 7:42 ‫ת־שׁ ֵתּ֙י גֻּ �֣ ת‬ ְ ‫ים ַל ְשּׂ ָב ָכ֣ה ָ ֽה ֶא ָ֔חת ְל ַכ ֗סּוֹת ֶא‬ ֙ ִ‫ֽי־טוּרים ִרמֹּנ‬ ִ֤ ‫ת־ה ִרמּ ִֹנ֛ים ַא ְר ַ ֥בּע ֵמ ֖אוֹת ִל ְשׁ ֵ ֣תּי ַה ְשּׂ ָב ֑כוֹת ְשׁ ֵנ‬ ָ ‫וְ ֶא‬ ‫מּוּדים׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫ל־פּ ֵנ֥י ָה ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫ַה ֽכֹּ ָת ֔ר ֹת ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ַﬠ‬ 7:42

‫י־טוּרים‬ ִ ֵ‫ְשׁנ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 7:24; 7:42

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words and phrases that occur three times, twice without a ‫ ו‬cj. (1 Kgs 7:24, and here), and once with a ‫ ו‬cj. (1 Kgs 7:18), see the Mm at Job 40:7 sub �‫א ְשׁ ָא ְל‬, ֶ and Frensdorff, Ochlah, §240.

1 KINGS 7:43 ‫ל־ה ְמּכֹנֽ וֹת׃‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ִכּיֹּ ֥ר ֹת ֲﬠ ָשׂ ָ ֖רה ַﬠ‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ְמּכֹנ֖ וֹת ָ ֑ﬠ ֶשׂר וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬ 7:43

‫ַה ִכּיֹּר ֹת‬

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

141

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective second ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences written plene second ‫)ה ִכּיֹּרוֹת( ו‬ ַ at 1 Kgs 7:40 and 2 Chr 4:14.

1 KINGS 7:44 ‫ים־ﬠ ָ ֖שׂר ַ ֥תּ ַחת ַהיָּ ֽם׃‬ ָ ֵ‫ת־ה ָבּ ָ ֥ קר ְשׁנ‬ ַ ‫ת־היָּ ֖ם ָה ֶא ָ ֑חד וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬ 7:44

‫ת־היָּ ם‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 7:39. 7:44

‫ַהיָּ ם ָה ֶא ָחד‬

‫ ַהיָּ ם ָה ֶא ָחד‬twice

‫הים האחד ̇ב‬

1 Kgs 7:44 ‫מּוּדים ְשׁנַ יִ ם‬ ִ ‫ ָה ַﬠ‬of Kings (2 Kgs 25:16) And twice ‫ַהיָּ ם ֶא ָחד‬ 2 Chr 4:15 ‫מּוּדים ְשׁנַ יִ ם‬ ִ ‫ ָה ַﬠ‬of Jeremiah (Jer 52:20)

Mm ‫ואת הים האחד‬ ‫העמודים שנים דמלכים‬ ‫וב הים אחד‬ ̇ ‫את הים אחד‬ ‫העמודים שנים דירמיה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes two occurrences of this lemma with the def. article on ‫ה ֶא ָחד‬,ָ and two occurrences without this def. article (‫) ַהיָּ ם ֶא ָחד‬.

The additional notation of Kings to the 2 Kgs 25:16 reference, which has ‫היָּ ם ָה ֶא ָחד‬,ַ distinguishes that verse from its parallel passage in Jer 52:20, where the lemma occurs as ‫היָּ ם ֶא ָחד‬.ַ Similarly, in the opposite case, the additional notation of Jeremiah to the Jer 52:20 reference, which has ‫היָּ ם ֶא ָחד‬,ַ distinguishes that verse from its parallel passage in 2 Kgs 25:16, where the lemma occurs as ‫היָּ ם ָה ֶא ָחד‬.ַ

1 KINGS 7:45 ‫מה ֵבּ֣ית‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ירם ַל ֶ ֥מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ֛ ָ ‫ל־ה ֵכּ ִ ֣לים ָה ֵא ֶהל ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֥שׂה ִח‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ִמּזְ ָר ֗קוֹת וְ ֵא ֙ת ָכּ‬ ַ ‫ת־היָּ ֜ ִﬠים וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫ירוֹת וְ ֶא‬ ֨ ‫ת־ה ִסּ‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬ ‫הו֑ה נְ ֖חֹ ֶשׁת ְממ ָ ֹֽרט׃‬ ָ ְ‫י‬ 7:45

‫ָה ֵא ֶהל‬

Read ‫ָה ֵא ֶלּה‬

‫האלה ̇ק‬

Mp

142

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫האהל‬, the tent), and the qərê (‫ ָה ֵא ֶלּה‬, these) are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations where the kəṯîḇ is regarded as preferable; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 148–49. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words in which two letters are written one way but are read transposed; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §91.

1 KINGS 7:46 ‫וּבין ָצ ְר ָ ֽתן׃‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ְבּ ִכ ַכּ֤ר ַהיַּ ְר ֵ ֙דּן יְ ָצ ָ ֣ קם ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ְבּ ַמ ֲﬠ ֵ ֖בה ָה ֲא ָד ָ ֑מה ֵ ֥בּין ֻס ֖כּוֹת‬ 7:46

‫יְ ָצ ָקם‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:46; 2 Chr 4:17

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 4:17. 7:46

‫ְבּ ַמ ֲﬠ ֵבה‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma, to distinguish it from the two occurrences of the form ‫בּ ֲﬠ ִבי‬,ַ one of which occurs in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 4:17, and the other at Job 15:26. 7:46

‫ָצ ְר ָתן‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Josh 3:16; 1 Kgs 7:46

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish it from the sole occurrence of ‫ ְצ ֵר ָד ָתה‬that occurs in the parallel passage of 2 Chr 4:17.

1 KINGS

143

1 KINGS 7:47 ‫אד ֥ל ֹא נֶ ְח ַ ֖ קר ִמ ְשׁ ַ ֥ קל ַהנְּ ֽחֹ ֶשׁת׃‬ ֹ ֑ ‫אד ְמ‬ ֹ ֣ ‫ל־ה ֵכּ ֔ ִלים ֵמ ֖ר ֹב ְמ‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ַנּ֤ח ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ֶא‬ 7:47

‫וַ יַּ נַּ ח‬

Seven times

Mp

̇‫ז‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 10:25. 7:47

‫ְמאֹד ְמאֹד‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 7:19; 30:43; Num 14:7; 1 Kgs 7:47; 2 Kgs 10:4 6 Ezek 37:10

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of ‫ ְמאֹד‬together with another ‫ ְמאֹד‬side by side, to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (10x) of ‫ ְמאֹד‬with another ‫ ְמאֹד‬in the same verse, which are not side by side.

1 KINGS 7:48 ‫ת־ה ֻשּׁ ְל ָ֗חן ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ָל֛יו ֶ ֥ל ֶחם ַה ָפּ ִנ֖ים זָ ָ ֽהב׃‬ ַ ‫הו֑ה ֵ ֚את ִמזְ ַבּ֣ח ַהזָּ ָ֔הב וְ ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫ל־ה ֵכּ ֔ ִלים ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ֵבּ֣ית י‬ ַ ‫מה ֵ ֚את ָכּ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫וַ יַּ ַ֣ﬠשׂ ְשׁ‬ 7:48

‫ת־ה ֻשּׁ ְל ָחן‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Exod 30:27; 31:8; 1 Kgs 7:48

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (10x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 7:49 ‫ת־ה ְמּנֹרוֹת ָח ֵ֨משׁ ִמיָּ ִ֜מין וְ ָח ֵ ֧משׁ ִמ ְשּׂ ֛מ ֹאול ִל ְפ ֵנ֥י ַה ְדּ ִ ֖ביר זָ ָ ֣הב ָסג֑ וּר וְ ַה ֶ ֧פּ ַרח וְ ַהנֵּ ֛ר ֹת וְ ַה ֶמּ ְל ַק ַ ֖חיִ ם זָ ָ ֽהב׃‬ ַ ֠ ‫וְ ֶא‬ 7:49

‫ָח ֵמשׁ‬

Fourteen times

‫י̇ ̇ד‬

Mp

144

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 7:39.

In ML the first part of this number (‫ )י‬has not been written. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 7:50 ‫ימי ְל ֣קֹ ֶדשׁ‬ ִ֜ ִ‫תוֹת ַה ַ֨בּיִ ת ַה ְפּנ‬ ֩ ‫ְו ַ֠ה ִסּפּוֹת וְ ַ ֽה ְמזַ ְמּ ֧רוֹת וְ ַה ִמּזְ ָר ֛קוֹת וְ ַה ַכּ ֥פּוֹת וְ ַה ַמּ ְח ֖תּוֹת זָ ָ ֣הב ָסג֑ וּר וְ ַהפּ ֹ֡תוֹת ְל ַד ְל‬ ‫יכל זָ ָ ֽהב׃ פ‬ ֖ ָ ‫ַה ֳקּ ָד ִ֗שׁים ְל ַד ְל ֵ ֥תי ַה ַ ֛בּיִ ת ַל ֵה‬ 7:50

‫וְ ַהפֹּתוֹת‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 7:51 ‫ת־ה ֶכּ ֶ֤סף‬ ַ ‫שׁי ׀ ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ֗ביו ֶא‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ת־ק ְד‬ ָ ‫מה ֶא‬ ֹ ֜ �‫הו֑ה וַ יָּ ֵ֨בא ְשׁ‬ ָ ְ‫מה ֵבּ֣ית י‬ ֹ ֖ �‫אכה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֛שׂה ַה ֶ ֥מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ָ֔ ‫ל־ה ְמּ ָל‬ ַ ‫וַ ִתּ ְשׁ ַל ֙ם ָכּ‬ ‫הוֽה׃ פ‬ ָ ְ‫ת־ה ֵכּ ֔ ִלים נָ ַ֕תן ְבּא ְֹצ ֖רוֹת ֵ ֥בּית י‬ ַ ‫ת־הזָּ ָה ֙ב וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬ 7:51

‫וַ ִתּ ְשׁ ַלם‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:51; Neh 6:15; 2 Chr 5:1

Com.: The Mp heading here, and at 2 Chr 5:1, reads three times, but the one at Neh 6:15 reads unique. Either that heading should read unique in the book or, as is suggested by Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc., the lemma should be extended to include the following word ‫חוֹמה‬ ָ ‫ַה‬ since the phrase ‫חוֹמה‬ ָ ‫ וַ ִתּ ְשׁ ַלם ַה‬only occurs once. 7:51

Four times

‫ָﬠ ָשׂה ַה ֶמּ ֶל� ְשׁ�מֹה‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:51; 9:26; Jer 52:20; Cant 3:9 (‫) ָﬠ ָשׂה לוֹ ַה ֶמּ ֶל� ְשׁ�מֹה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of ‫ ַה ֶמּ ֶל� ְשׁ�מֹה‬or ‫ לוֹ ַה ֶמּ ֶל� ְשׁ�מֹה‬with ‫ָﬠ ָשׂה‬ (see Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.), to distinguish them from the two occurrences of ‫ ַה ֶמּ ֶל� ְשׁ�מֹה‬with ‫ וַ יַּ ַﬠשׂ‬at 1 Kgs 10:16 and 2 Chr 9:15.

1 KINGS 7:51

‫ֶאת‬

Eighteen verses with the sequence ‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫ ֶאת‬...‫ֶאת‬

1–5 6–10 11–15 16–18

‫יח פסוק את את ואת ואת‬

145

Mp

Gen 1:16; Exod 35:17; 39:37; 40:9; Lev 8:30 Lev 14:45; Num 19:5; 33:52; Deut 14:7; 26:7 Josh 15:14; Judg 1:25; 2 Sam 4:12; 21:8; 1 Kgs 7:51 Jer 32:14; 51:28; Neh 9:24

Com.: The Masorah notes the eighteen verses that have the sequence ‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫ ֶאת‬...‫ ; ֶאת‬see Jobin, Concordance, 86–87. In ML this lemma has no circellus. 7:51

‫ת־ה ֵכּ ִלים‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:51; Dan 1:2; Ezra 8:25

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its four occurrences without a cj.

1 KINGS 8:1 ‫מה‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ל־ה ֶ ֥מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ַ ‫יאי ָה ָא ֜בוֹת ִל ְב ֵנ֧י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֛אל ֶא‬ ֵ֨ ‫טּוֹת נְ ִשׂ‬ ֩ ‫אשׁי ַה ַמּ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ל־ר‬ ָ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫מה ֶאת־זִ ְק ֵנ֣י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֡אל ֶא‬ ֹ ֣ �‫ָ ֣אז יַ ְק ֵ ֣הל ְשׁ‬ ‫הו֛ה ֵמ ִ ֥ﬠיר ָדִּ ֖וד ִ ֥היא ִציּֽ וֹן׃‬ ָ ְ‫ת־א ֧רוֹן ְבּ ִרית־י‬ ֲ ‫רוּשׁ ָל֑� ְ ֽל ַה ֲﬠ ֞לוֹת ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫י‬ 8:1

‫ ֶאת‬1

Nineteen verses in the book that have the sequence ‫ ֶאת‬...‫ ֶאת‬...‫ֶאת‬

1–5 6–10 11–15 16–19

‫בסיפ את את את‬ ̇ ‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ט‬

1 Kgs 1:47; 2:40; 8:1; 9:9; 12:6 1 Kgs 13:28; 16:24; 2 Kgs 2:14; 6:29; 8:5 2 Kgs 10:15; 14:7; 17:26; 17:30; 18:4 2 Kgs 18:27; 23:8; 23:14; 23:16

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the nineteen verses in the book that have the sequence ‫ ֶאת‬...‫ ֶאת‬...‫ ; ֶאת‬see Jobin, Concordance, 75–78.

In ML this lemma has no circellus.

1 KINGS 7:51

‫ֶאת‬

Eighteen verses with the sequence ‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫ ֶאת‬...‫ֶאת‬

1–5 6–10 11–15 16–18

‫יח פסוק את את ואת ואת‬

145

Mp

Gen 1:16; Exod 35:17; 39:37; 40:9; Lev 8:30 Lev 14:45; Num 19:5; 33:52; Deut 14:7; 26:7 Josh 15:14; Judg 1:25; 2 Sam 4:12; 21:8; 1 Kgs 7:51 Jer 32:14; 51:28; Neh 9:24

Com.: The Masorah notes the eighteen verses that have the sequence ‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫ ֶאת‬...‫ ; ֶאת‬see Jobin, Concordance, 86–87. In ML this lemma has no circellus. 7:51

‫ת־ה ֵכּ ִלים‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 7:51; Dan 1:2; Ezra 8:25

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its four occurrences without a cj.

1 KINGS 8:1 ‫מה‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ל־ה ֶ ֥מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ַ ‫יאי ָה ָא ֜בוֹת ִל ְב ֵנ֧י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֛אל ֶא‬ ֵ֨ ‫טּוֹת נְ ִשׂ‬ ֩ ‫אשׁי ַה ַמּ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ל־ר‬ ָ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫מה ֶאת־זִ ְק ֵנ֣י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֡אל ֶא‬ ֹ ֣ �‫ָ ֣אז יַ ְק ֵ ֣הל ְשׁ‬ ‫הו֛ה ֵמ ִ ֥ﬠיר ָדִּ ֖וד ִ ֥היא ִציּֽ וֹן׃‬ ָ ְ‫ת־א ֧רוֹן ְבּ ִרית־י‬ ֲ ‫רוּשׁ ָל֑� ְ ֽל ַה ֲﬠ ֞לוֹת ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫י‬ 8:1

‫ ֶאת‬1

Nineteen verses in the book that have the sequence ‫ ֶאת‬...‫ ֶאת‬...‫ֶאת‬

1–5 6–10 11–15 16–19

‫בסיפ את את את‬ ̇ ‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ט‬

1 Kgs 1:47; 2:40; 8:1; 9:9; 12:6 1 Kgs 13:28; 16:24; 2 Kgs 2:14; 6:29; 8:5 2 Kgs 10:15; 14:7; 17:26; 17:30; 18:4 2 Kgs 18:27; 23:8; 23:14; 23:16

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the nineteen verses in the book that have the sequence ‫ ֶאת‬...‫ ֶאת‬...‫ ; ֶאת‬see Jobin, Concordance, 75–78.

In ML this lemma has no circellus.

146

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 8:2 ‫יﬠי׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫ל־אישׁ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ְבּ ֶי ַ֥ רח ָה ֵ ֽא ָת ִנ֖ים ֶבּ ָ ֑חג ֖הוּא ַה ֥חֹ ֶדשׁ ַה ְשּׁ ִב‬ ֣ ִ ‫ל־ה ֶ ֤מּ ֶל� ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ָכּ‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ָ ֨קּ ֲה ֜לוּ ֶא‬

8:2

‫ְבּיֶ ַרח‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 6:37.

1 KINGS 8:4 ‫א ֶהל וַ יַּ ֲﬠל֣ וּ א ָֹ֔תם ַהכּ ֲֹה ִנ֖ים וְ ַה ְלוִ ִ ֽיּם׃‬ ֹ ֑ ‫שׁר ָבּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־כּ ֵ ֥לי ַה ֖קֹּ ֶדשׁ ֲא‬ ְ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫מוֹﬠד וְ ֶ ֽא‬ ֵ ֔ ‫א ֶהל‬ ֹ ֣ ‫ת־א ֤רוֹן יְ הוָ ֙ה וְ ֶאת־‬ ֲ ‫ַוֽ יַּ ֲﬠ ֞לוּ ֶא‬ 8:4

‫וְ ֶאת‬1

Nine verses that have the sequence ‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫ֶאת‬ 1–5 1 Kgs 8:4; 9:1; 2 Kgs 7:7; 11:18; 12:19 6–10 2 Kgs 14:14; 18:17; 24:14; 25:18; 25:25

‫פסוק את ואת ואת‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of nine verses that have the sequence ‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫ ֶאת‬is incorrect since there are ninety-three occurrences of this lemma; see Jobin, Concordance, 82–84. The note most probably should be restricted to the book, but even then there are ten, not nine, verses with this sequence. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

In ML the note for this lemma has been placed in the left column, whereas it should be in the right column.

8:4

‫וְ ֶאת־א ֶֹהל‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Lev 16:20; 16:33; Num 4:25; 1 Kgs 8:4; 2 Chr 5:5

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its six occurrences without a cj.

In ML the note for this lemma has been placed in the right column, whereas it should be in the left column.

1 KINGS 8:4

‫ָבּא ֶֹהל‬

Six times

147

Mp

̇‫ו‬

Com.: See Judg 5:24.

1 KINGS 8:5 ‫וּב ָ ֔קר ֲא ֶ ֧שׁר ֽל ֹא־יִ ָסּ ְפ ֛רוּ וְ ֥ל ֹא‬ ָ ‫ים ֣צ ֹאן‬ ֙ ‫נּוֹﬠ ִ ֣דים ָﬠ ֔ ָליו ִא ֖תּוֹ ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י ָ ֽה ָא ֑רוֹן ְמזַ ְבּ ִח‬ ָ ‫ל־ﬠ ַ ֤דת יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ַה‬ ֲ ‫מה וְ ָכ‬ ֹ ֗ �‫וְ ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ‫יִ ָמּנ֖ וּ ֵמ ֽר ֹב׃‬ 8:5

‫ל־ﬠ ַדת‬ ֲ ‫וְ ָכ‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Num 8:20; 1 Kgs 8:5; 2 Chr 5:6 ——————————

‫ל־ﬠ ַדת‬ ֲ ‫ וְ ָכ‬three times, and their references

Num 8:20 ‫ ְשׁ�מֹה‬of Kings (1 Kgs 8:5) And its companion of Chronicles (2 Chr 5:6)

‫)ועל( ]וכל[ עדת ̇ג וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ויעש משה ואהרן‬ ‫שלמה דמלכים‬ ‫וחבירו דדברי ימים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (26x) without a cj. The additional notations of Kings and of Chronicles to the 1 Kgs 8:5 and 2 Chr 5:6 references are simply to distinguish these parallel texts. 8:5

Twice

‫לֹא־יִ ָסּ ְפרוּ‬ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:5; 2 Chr 5:6

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the parallel passages of 1 Kings and 2 Chronicles.

148

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 8:6

‫ל־תּ ַחת ַכּנְ ֵ ֥פי‬ ֖ ַ ‫ל־דּ ִ ֥ביר ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ֶאל־ ֣קֹ ֶדשׁ ַה ֳקּ ָד ִ ֑שׁים ֶא‬ ְ ‫קוֹמוֹ ֶא‬ ֛ ‫ל־מ‬ ְ ‫הו֧ה ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫ת־א ֨רוֹן ְבּ ִרית־י‬ ֲ ‫וַ יָּ ִ ֣באוּ ֠ ַהכּ ֲֹהנִ ים ֶא‬ ‫רוּבים׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫ַה ְכּ‬ 8:6

‫וַ יָּ ִבאוּ‬

Thirty-six times

̇‫̇לו‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 7:1.

Mp

1 KINGS 8:7 ‫ל־בּ ָ ֖דּיו ִמ ְל ָ ֽמ ְﬠ ָלה׃‬ ַ ‫ל־ה ָא ֥רוֹן וְ ַﬠ‬ ָ ‫ל־מ ֖קוֹם ָ ֽה ָא ֑רוֹן וַ יָּ ֧סֹכּוּ ַה ְכּ ֻר ִ ֛בים ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫ים פּ ְֹר ִ ֣שׂים ְכּנָ ֔ ַפיִ ם ֶא‬ ֙ ‫רוּב‬ ִ ‫ִ ֤כּי ַה ְכּ‬ 8:7

‫רוּבים‬ ִ ‫ִכּי ַה ְכּ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫רוּבים‬ ִ ‫ ַה ְכּ‬with ‫כּי‬,ִ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫רוּבים( וַ יִּ ְהיוּ‬ ִ ‫ )וַ יִּ ְהיוּ ַה ְכּ‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 5:8. 8:7

‫וַ יָּ סֹכּוּ‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of homonyms that occur once with a ‫( ס‬here) and once with a ‫( שׁ‬Gen 8:1); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §52, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §53.

1 KINGS 8:8 ‫וּצה וַ יִּ ְ֣היוּ ָ֔שׁם ַ ֖ﬠד ַהיּ֥ וֹם ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ָ ‫ל־פּ ֵנ֣י ַה ְדּ ִ֔ביר וְ ֥ל ֹא יֵ ָר ֖אוּ ַה ֑ח‬ ְ ‫ן־ה ֨קֹּ ֶד ֙שׁ ַﬠ‬ ַ ‫אשׁי ַה ַבּ ִ ֤דּים ִמ‬ ֵ֨ ‫ם וַ יֵּ ָראוּ֩ ָר‬ ֒ ‫כוּ ַה ַבּ ִדּי‬ ֮ ‫ַוֽ יַּ ֲא ִר‬ 8:8 Twice

‫וַ יַּ ֲא ִרכוּ‬ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:9; 2 Chr 5:9 (‫)וַ יַּ ֲא ִריכוּ‬

1 KINGS

149

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written plene ‫ י‬in the parallel passage of 2 Chr 5:9, and one written defective ‫( י‬here). 8:8

‫וַ יֵּ ָראוּ‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 22:16. 8:8

‫וְ לֹא יֵ ָראוּ‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Exod 23:15; 34:20; 1 Kgs 8:8; 2 Chr 5:9 ——————————

‫ וְ לֹא יֵ ָראוּ‬four times, and their references Exod 23:15 The second ‫וּפ ֶטר ֲחמוֹר‬ ֶ (Exod 34:20) 1 Kgs 8:8 2 Chr 5:9

‫ולא יראו ̇ד וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ולא יראו פני ריקם‬ ‫ופטר חמור בתרייה‬ ‫ולא יראו החוצה‬ ‫ולא יראו החוצה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma in the niphal, to distinguish them from its four occurrences in the qal (‫)וְ לֹא יִ ְראוּ‬. The additional note of the second ‫וּפ ֶטר ֲחמוֹר‬ ֶ to the Exod 34:20 reference is to distinguish these catchwords from their first occurrence in Exod 13:13 where the lemma does not occur.

The Mp heading at 2 Chr 5:9 of three times is incorrect since there are four occurrences of this lemma. Possibly the three could be accounted for as: (1) All the Torah (the two Torah references); (2) All Prophets; and (3) All Writings. 8:8

‫יֵ ָראוּ‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 23:15; 33:23; 34:20; 1 Kgs 8:8; 2 Chr 5:9

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma in the niphal, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (25x) in the qal (‫)יִ ְראוּ‬.

150

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 8:9

‫אתם‬ ֖ ָ ‫ם־בּ ֵנ֣י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ְבּ ֵצ‬ ְ ‫ֵ ֚אין ָ ֽבּ ָא ֔רוֹן ַ ֗רק ְשׁנֵ ֙י ֻל ֣חוֹת ָה ֲא ָב ֔ ִנים ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ִה ִ ֥נּ ַ� ָ ֛שׁם מ ֶ ֹ֖שׁה ְבּח ֵ ֹ֑רב ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ָכּ ַ ֤רת יְ הוָ ֙ה ִﬠ‬ ‫ֵמ ֶ ֥א ֶרץ ִמ ְצ ָ ֽריִ ם׃‬ 8:9

‫ֻלחוֹת ָה ֲא ָבנִ ים‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Deut 9:9 (‫ ;)לוּחֹת‬9:10 (‫ ;)לוּחֹת‬9:11 (‫;)לחֹת‬ ֻ 1 Kgs 8:9

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of ‫לחוֹת‬,ֻ written plene and defective first and second ‫ו‬, with ‫ה ֲא ָבנִ ים‬,ָ to distinguish them from its three occurrences with ‫ֻלחוֹת ( ַה ְבּ ִרית‬ ‫לוּחֹת ַה ְבּ ִרית‬/‫) ַה ְבּ ִרית‬. 8:9

�ַ ִ‫ִהנּ‬

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫י‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (6x) written plene ‫)הנִּ ַי�( י‬. ִ

1 KINGS 8:13 ‫עוֹל ִ ֽמים׃‬ ָ ֖�‫֛יתי ֵ ֥בּית זְ ֻ ֖בל ָל֑� ָמ ֥כוֹן ְל ִשׁ ְב ְתּ‬ ִ ‫ָבּ ֹ֥נה ָב ִנ‬ 8:13

‫ָבּנֹה‬

Unique and written with ‫ה‬

‫וכת ̇ה‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written with ‫ה‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written with ‫ו‬.

This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One is in a list of words occurring only once ending in a ḥolem; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §33, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §34.

The other in a list of hapax legomena, whose first vowel is a qameṣ, and second vowel is a ḥolem; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §73.

1 KINGS 8:13

�‫ְל ִשׁ ְב ְתּ‬

Three times

151

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Exod 15:17; 1 Kgs 8:13; 2 Chr 6:2 —————————— �‫ ְל ִשׁ ְב ְתּ‬three times

Exod 15:17 1 Kgs 8:13 2 Chr 6:2

‫לשבתך ̇ג‬

Mm

‫תבאמו ותטעמו בהר‬ ‫בנה בניתי בית זבל‬ ‫ואני בניתי בית זבל לך‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ל‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) without this preposition.

1 KINGS 8:14 ‫ל־ק ַ ֥הל יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ע ֵ ֹֽמד׃‬ ְ ‫ל־ק ַ ֣הל יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל וְ ָכ‬ ְ ‫ת־פּ ֔ ָניו וַ יְ ָ֕ב ֶר� ֵ ֖את ָכּ‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ֵ ֤סּב ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ֶא‬ 8:14

‫ל־ק ַהל‬ ְ ‫וְ ָכ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:14; 12:3; 2 Chr 6:3

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (13x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 8:16 ‫א־ב ַ ֣ח ְר ִתּי ְב ֗ ִﬠיר ִמכֹּל֙ ִשׁ ְב ֵ ֣טי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ִל ְבנ֣ וֹת ַ֔בּיִ ת‬ ָ ֹ ‫ם ֽל‬ ֒ ִ‫ת־ﬠ ִ ֣מּי ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵא ֮ל ִמ ִמּ ְצ ַרי‬ ַ ‫אתי ֶא‬ ִ ‫הוֹצ‬ ֵ֜ ‫ן־היּ֗ וֹם ֲא ֶ֨שׁר‬ ַ ‫ִמ‬ ‫ל־ﬠ ִ ֥מּי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ַ ‫ִל ְהי֥ וֹת ְשׁ ִ ֖מי ָ ֑שׁם וָ ֶא ְב ַ ֣חר ְבּ ָד ִ֔וד ִ ֽל ְהי֖ וֹת ַﬠ‬ 8:16

‫ ֶאת‬1

Nineteen verses in the Prophets where one word comes between two forms of ‫ֶאת‬ 1–5 6–10 11–15 16–19

‫בנביא‬ ̇ ‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ט‬ Mp ‫את את ומלה חדה ביניהם‬

1 Sam 2:11; 7:16; 15:18; 2 Sam 3:14; 19:16 2 Sam 19:37; 24:4; 1 Kgs 8:16; 15:19; 2 Kgs 18:12 2 Kgs 18:23; Isa 49:26; Jer 23:13; 31:7; 32:21 Ezek 16:2; 39:14; Zech 2:2; 10:3

152

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the nineteen verses in the Prophets where two forms of ‫( ֶאת‬or ‫)את‬ ֵ occur, with one word between them. This list includes cases where only two forms of ‫ ֶאת‬occur, and so does not include verses in which there are more occurrences of ‫( ֶאת‬or the form ‫)וְ ֶאת‬. In ML this lemma has no circellus.

1 KINGS 8:17 ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֥ ֵ ‫הו֖ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫ם־ל ַ ֖בב ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ ֑בי ִל ְבנ֣ וֹת ַ֔בּיִ ת ְל ֵ ֥שׁם י‬ ְ ‫וַ יְ ִ֕הי ִﬠ‬ 8:17

‫ְל ַבב ָדּוִ ד‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:17; 2 Chr 6:7 (‫ָ)דּוִ יד‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the parallel passages of 1 Kings and 2 Chronicles.

1 KINGS 8:18 ‫ם־ל ָב ֶ ֽב�׃‬ ְ ‫ם־ל ָ ֣ב ְב ֔� ִל ְבנ֥ וֹת ַ ֖בּיִ ת ִל ְשׁ ִ ֑מי ֱה ִטי ֔בֹ ָת ִ ֥כּי ָה ָ ֖יה ִﬠ‬ ְ ‫ל־דִּו֣ד ָא ִ֔בי ַ֗י ַﬠן ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ָהיָ ֙ה ִﬠ‬ ָ ‫אמר יְ הוָ ֙ה ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤יּ‬ 8:18

‫ֱה ִטיב ָֹת‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:18; 2 Kgs 10:30; 2 Chr 6:8 (‫יבוֹת‬ ָ ‫)ה ִט‬ ֱ

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written twice defective ‫( ו‬1 Kgs 8:18; 2 Kgs 10:30), and once plene ‫( ו‬2 Chr 6:8). The lengthy Mp heading at 2 Chr 6:8 reads three times, in Chronicles ‫ הטיבות‬is written, in Kings ‫ הטיבת‬is written.

1 KINGS

153

1 KINGS 8:19 ‫ם־בּנְ ֙� ַהיּ ֵֹצ֣א ֵמ ֲח ָל ֶ֔צי� ֽהוּא־יִ ְב ֶנ֥ה ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ִל ְשׁ ִ ֽמי׃‬ ִ ‫ַ ֣רק ַא ָ֔תּה ֥ל ֹא ִת ְב ֶנ֖ה ַה ָ ֑בּיִ ת ִ ֤כּי ִא‬ 8:19

� ְ‫ם־בּנ‬ ִ ‫ִכּי ִא‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with ‫אם‬, ִ to distinguish it from its occurrence without ‫ ) ִכּי ִבּנְ �( ִאם‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:9.

1 KINGS 8:20 ‫הוה וָ ֶא ְב ֶנ֣ה‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ל־כּ ֵ ֣סּא יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ַ ֽכּ ֲא ֶשׁ ֙ר ִדּ ֶבּ֣ר י‬ ִ ‫שׁב ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫שׁר ִדּ ֵבּ֑ר וָ ָא ֻ ֡קם ַתּ ַח ֩ת ָדּ ִ֨וד ָא ִ֜בי וָ ֵא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ת־דּ ָב ֖רוֹ ֲא‬ ְ ‫הוה ֶא‬ ָ֔ ְ‫וַ יָּ ֣ ֶ קם י‬ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֥ ֵ ‫הו֖ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫ַה ַ֔בּיִ ת ְל ֵ ֥שׁם י‬ 8:20

‫וַ יָּ ֶקם‬

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Com.: See Judg 2:16. 8:20

Mp

‫וָ ָא ֻקם‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 3:21. 8:20

‫וָ ֵא ֵשׁב‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

Mp

1–5 Deut 9:9; 1 Kgs 8:20; Ezek 3:15a (qərê); 3:15b; 2 Chr 6:10

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬consec., to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a ‫ ו‬cj. (‫ )וְ ֵא ֵשׁב‬at Isa 14:13 and Job 29:25.

1 KINGS 8:21 ‫יאוֹ א ָ ֹ֖תם ֵמ ֶ ֥א ֶרץ ִמ ְצ ָ ֽריִ ם׃ ס‬ ֥ ‫הוֹצ‬ ִ ‫ם־אב ֵֹ֔תינוּ ְבּ‬ ֲ ‫הו֑ה ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ָכּ ַר ֙ת ִﬠ‬ ָ ְ‫ר־שׁם ְבּ ִ ֣רית י‬ ֖ ָ ‫קוֹם ָ ֽל ָא ֔רוֹן ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֙ ‫וָ ָא ִ֨שׂם ָ ֤שׁם ָמ‬ 8:21

‫וָ ָא ִשׂם‬

Nine times

‫̇ט‬

Mp

154

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

1–5 Gen 24:47; Deut 10:5; 1 Sam 28:21 (‫ ;)וָ ָא ִשׂים‬1 Kgs 8:21; Isa 51:16* 6–9 Jer 13:2; Mal 1:3 (‫ ;)וָ ָא ִשׂים‬Job 38:10 (‫ ;)וָ ָא ִשׂים‬2 Chr 6:11 (‫)וָ ָא ִשׂים‬ —————————— ‫ וָ ָא ִשׂם‬nine times

1–5 Gen 24:47 Deut 10:5 1 Sam 28:21 1 Kgs 8:21 Isa 51:16 6–9 Jer 13:2 Mal 1:3 2 Chr 6:11 Job 38:10

Mm

‫ואשם ̇ט‬

‫ואשאל אתה‬ ‫ואפן וארד מן‬ ‫ותבוא האשה אל שאול‬ ‫שם מקום לארון‬ ‫דברי בפיך ובצל ידי‬ ‫ואקנה את האזור‬ ‫ואת עשו שנאתי‬ ‫שם את הארון‬ ‫ואשבר עליו חקי‬

Com.: The Masorah here and at 2 Chr 6:11 notes the nine occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ו‬ consec., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (21x) without a ‫)א ִשׂים( ו‬. ָ

* ML, contrary to M (‫)וָ ָא ִשׂם‬, reads Isa 51:16 plene ‫ ;)וָ ָא ִשׂים( י‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 156. The Mp headings at Gen 24:47 and Isa 51:16, and both the Mp and Mm headings at Jer 13:2 read five times defective (‫ )י‬to include the defective forms at these references, and at Deut 10:25 and 1 Kgs 8:21. However, the Mp heading at Deut 10:5 inexactly reads five times, instead of five times defective (‫)י‬. 8:21

‫הוֹציאוֹ‬ ִ ‫ְבּ‬

Twice

[‫) ̇ג( ] ̇ב‬

Mp

1–2 Deut 29:24; 1 Kgs 8:21 —————————— ‫הוֹציאוֹ‬ ִ ‫ ְבּ‬twice and plene

‫ומל‬ ̇ [‫בהוציאו ) ̇ג( ] ̇ב‬

1–2 ‫ וְ ָא ְמרוּ ַﬠל ֲא ֶשׁר ָﬠזְ בוּ‬of Deuteronomy (Deut 29:24) 1 Kgs 8:21

Mm

‫ואמרו על אשר עזבו דמשנה תורה‬ ‫ מארץ מצרים‬... ‫ואשם שם מקום‬

1 KINGS

155

Com.: The Masorah notes these two occurrences of this lemma in this form, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (10x) without a prep. or sfx. (‫)הוֹציא‬. ִ

This distinction is implied in the additional notation of Deuteronomy to the Deut 29:24 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 1 Kgs 9:9, where the lemma occurs as ‫הוֹציא‬ ִ .

Also by noting that this lemma occurs twice and written plene ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫י‬. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 8:23 ‫ית ְ ֽו ַה ֶ֔ח ֶסד‬ ֙ ‫ל־ה ָ ֖א ֶרץ ִמ ָ ֑תּ ַחת שׁ ֵ ֹ֤מר ַה ְבּ ִר‬ ָ ‫�הים ַבּ ָשּׁ ַ ֣מיִ ם ִמ ַ֔מּ ַﬠל וְ ַﬠ‬ ִ֔ ‫ין־כּ ֣מוֹ� ֱא‬ ָ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ֵא‬ ֤ ֵ ‫הוה ֱא‬ ָ֞ ְ‫אמר י‬ ַ֗ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ ‫ל־ל ָ ֽבּם׃‬ ִ ‫ַל ֲﬠ ָב ֶ ֕די� ַהה ְֹל ִ ֥כים ְל ָפ ֶנ֖י� ְבּ ָכ‬ 8:23

‫אמר‬ ַ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬

Ninety-one times 1–5 6–10 11–15 16–20 21–25 26–30 31–35 36–40 41–45 46–50 51–55 56–60 61–65 66–70 71–75 76–80 81–85 86–90 91

‫̇צ ̇א‬

Mp

Gen 14:19; 15:8; 16:8; 18:3; 18:23 Gen 18:27; 18:29; 19:7; 20:4; 24:12 Gen 24:34; 27:36; 28:13; 28:17; 30:28 Gen 33:5; 37:30; 43:29; 47:30; 48:9 Gen 48:15; Exod 2:14; 5:22; 32:5; 32:31 Exod 33:14; 33:18; Num 11:27; 11:28; 21:2 Num 23:7; 23:12; 23:18; 24:3; 24:15 Num 24:20; 24:21; 24:23; Deut 33:2; 33:7 Josh 7:20; Judg 6:18; 8:19; 11:30; 13:8 Judg 15:18; 16:28; 20:4; 1 Sam 3:18; 7:12 1 Sam 22:9; 22:14; 2 Sam 3:33; 15:21; 19:27 2 Sam 20:20; 22:2; 23:15; 1 Kgs 1:29; 8:23 1 Kgs 17:10; 17:11; 17:20; 17:21; 18:36 2 Kgs 1:8; 2:14; 6:17; 6:18; 7:2 2 Kgs 7:19; 13:14; 19:15; Isa 38:3; Amos 1:2 Jonah 3:4; 4:2; Zech 1:10; 1:12; Ps 18:2 Job 1:14; 1:16; 1:17; 1:18; Ruth 2:6 Dan 8:16; 9:22; 1 Chr 11:17; 2 Chr 6:14; 14:10 2 Chr 20:6

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine-one occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ under the ‫מ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (almost 2000!) with a səḡôl under the ‫מ‬ (‫אמר‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ ;)וַ יּ‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §9A.

156

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

This enumeration does not include the thirty-one additional cases in Job when this lemma is combined with ‫ וַ יַּ ַﬠן‬or ‫וַ יּ ֶֹסף‬. Notes on the highlighted Mp headings 1

2 3 4

8:23

The seven Mp headings that read ninety-one times are at Gen 14:19, 1 Kgs 8:23, Job 1:14, 16, 17, 18, and 1 Chr 11:17. Only the one at Gen 14:19 notes the Job exclusions. It reads: ninety-one times, and similarly every occurrence in Job (combined with) ‫( וַ יַּ ַﬠן‬or) ‫וַ יּ ֶֹסף‬. Four Mp headings (Gen 15:8, 16:8, 24:12, and 34) read ten times at the beginning of a verse in the Torah, to include the six other Torah references: Gen 18:3, 19:7, 30:28, Exod 33:14, 33:18, and Deut 33:2.

The Mp heading at Amos 1:2 reads seven times with this accent and refers to the distinctive accent šalšeleṯ on ‫אמר‬ ַ ֹ ‫ וַ יּ‬in this verse, which occurs here and at Gen 19:16, 24:12, 39:8, Lev 8:23, Isa 13:8, and Ezra 5:15.

The Mp headings at 2 Chr 6:14 and 20:6 read nineteen times at the beginning of a verse and includes, in addition to the ten Torah occurrences (see above), the following nine references: Josh 8:19, 2 Sam 19:27, 22:2, 1 Kgs 8:23, Isa 38:3, Amos 1:2, Ps 18:2, 2 Chr 6:14, and 2 Chr 20:6. ‫ל־ה ָא ֶרץ ִמ ָתּ ַחת‬ ָ ‫וְ ַﬠ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Deut 4:39; Josh 2:11; 1 Kgs 8:23 —————————— ‫ל־ה ָא ֶרץ ִמ ָתּ ַחת‬ ָ ‫ וְ ַﬠ‬three times Deut 4:39 Josh 2:11 1 Kgs 8:23

‫ועל הארץ מתחת ̇ג‬

Mm

‫וידעת היום והשבת אל לבבך‬ ‫וימס לבבנו‬ ‫ויאמר יהוה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of ‫ ָה ָא ֶרץ ִמ ָתּ ַחת‬with ‫וְ ַﬠל‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ֶאל ָה ָא ֶרץ ִמ ַתּ ַחת( ֶאל‬at Isa 51:6.

In ML the circellus has been placed only on ‫ל־ה ָא ֶרץ‬ ָ ‫וְ ַﬠ‬, but the note belongs, as the Mm indicates, with the three words ‫ל־ה ָא ֶרץ ִמ ָתּ ַחת‬ ָ ‫וְ ַﬠ‬.

1 KINGS

157

1 KINGS 8:25 ‫ישׁ ִמ ְלּ ָפ ֔ ַני‬ ֙ ‫מר לֹא־יִ ָכּ ֵ ֨רת ְל�֥ ִא‬ ֹ ֔ ‫בי ֵא ֩ת ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ִדּ ַ ֤בּ ְר ָתּ ֙לּוֹ ֵלא‬ ֙ ִ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ְ֠שׁמֹר ְל ַﬠ ְב ְדּ ֨� ָדִו֤ד ָא‬ ֣ ֵ ‫הו֣ה ׀ ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫וְ ַﬠ ָ֞תּה י‬ ‫ת־דּ ְר ָכּ ֙ם ָל ֶל ֶ֣כת ְל ָפ ֔ ַני ַכּ ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָה ַל ְ֖כ ָתּ ְל ָפ ָ ֽני׃‬ ַ ‫ל־כּ ֵ ֣סּא יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ַ ֠רק ִאם־יִ ְשׁ ְמ ֨רוּ ָב ֶנ֤י� ֶא‬ ִ ‫י ֵ ֹ֖שׁב ַﬠ‬ 8:25

‫ִמ ְלּ ָפנַ י‬

Twelve times

‫י̇ ̇ב‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 23:4 (‫;)מ ְלּ ָפנָ י‬ ִ 23:8; Lev 22:3; 1 Kgs 8:25; 21:29 (‫)מ ְלּ ָפנָ י‬ ִ 6–10 Isa 48:19 (‫;)מ ְלּ ָפנָ י‬ ִ 57:16; Jer 16:17 (‫;)מ ְלּ ָפנָ י‬ ִ 31:36; 33:18 (‫)מ ְלּ ָפנָ י‬ ִ 11–12 Ezek 30:9; 2 Chr 6:16

Com.: The Masorah notes the twelve occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from the seven occurrences of its parallel lemma ‫;מ ָפּנַ י‬ ִ see 1 Kgs 21:9.

1 KINGS 8:26 ‫שׁר ִדּ ַ֔בּ ְר ָתּ ְל ַﬠ ְב ְדּ�֖ ָדִּ ֥וד ָא ִ ֽבי׃‬ ֣ ֶ ‫י� ֲא‬ ֔ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל יֵ ָ ֤א ֶמן נָ ֙א ְדּ ָ ֣ב ְר‬ ֣ ֵ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָ ֖תּה ֱא‬ 8:26

‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָתּה ֱא‬

ל‬ ̇

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without ‫ יְ הוָ ה‬before ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ ֱא‬, to distinguish it from its four occurrences with ‫ יְ הוָ ה‬before ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫�הי ( ֱא‬ ֵ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָתּה יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬ ‫)יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬, one of which occurs in v. 25, and two of which occur in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:16 and 17. In ML this lemma has circelli but no Mp note. The note unique is present in the Mp headings in MC and MA. 8:26

‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ֱא‬

Twenty-nine unusual cases

‫̇כ ̇ט מיוחד‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading of twenty-nine unusual cases is incorrect since there are only twenty-eight occurrences of this lemma; see Josh 22:16. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

In ML one circellus on ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ ֱא‬is doing double duty for two notes, the previous one ‫וְ ַﬠ ָתּה‬ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ ֱא‬and this one ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ ֱא‬.

158 8:26

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML �‫ְדּ ָב ְרי‬

Read �‫ְדּ ָב ְר‬

‫דברך ̇ק‬

——————————

Eight times with superfluous ‫י‬

Mp

1–5 Judg 13:17 1 Kgs 8:26 1 Kgs 18:36 ‫ יְ ִהי נָ א‬of Kings (1 Kgs 22:13) Ps 119:147 6–8 Ps 119:161 Ezra 10:12 Jer 15:16b

Mm

̇‫̇ח יתיר י‬

‫מנוח‬ ‫יאמן נא‬ ‫בעלות‬ ‫יהי נא דמלכי‬ ‫קדמתי‬ ‫שרים‬ ‫ויענו‬ ‫נמצאו‬

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)דבריך‬, and the qərê (�‫ ְ)ד ָב ְר‬are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations in the sg. and pl.; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 136–37.

The Mm notes the eight occurrences of this lemma written with a superfluous ‫ ;י‬see also Frensdorff, Ochlah, §131, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §115.

The additional notation of Kings to the 1 Kgs 22:13 reference is to distinguish that verse from its parallel in 2 Chr 18:12, where the lemma occurs written as �‫דּ ָב ְר‬.ְ

1 KINGS 8:27 ‫י־ה ַ ֥בּיִ ת ַה ֶזּ֖ה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר‬ ַ ‫וּשׁ ֵ ֤מי ַה ָשּׁ ַ֨מיִ ֙ם ֣ל ֹא יְ ַכ ְל ְכּ ֔לוּ� ַ֕אף ִ ֽכּ‬ ְ ‫ל־ה ָ ֑א ֶרץ ֠ ִהנֵּ ה ַה ָשּׁ ַ֜מיִ ם‬ ָ ‫�הים ַﬠ‬ ֖ ִ ‫ִ ֚כּי ַ ֽה ֻא ְמ ֔ ָנם יֵ ֵ ֥שׁב ֱא‬ ‫יתי׃‬ ִ ‫ָבּ ִ ֽנ‬ 8:27 Four times

‫ַה ֻא ְמנָ ם‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Num 22:37; 1 Kgs 8:27; Ps 58:2; 2 Chr 6:18

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with the interrog. ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (10x) without this interrogative.

1 KINGS 8:27

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫יֵ ֵשׁב ֱא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

159

Mp

1 Kgs 8:27; 2 Chr 6:18

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage of 2 Chr 6:18. 8:27

‫ִהנֵּ ה ַה ָשּׁ ַמיִ ם‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of two-word phrases that occur once with the def. article within the phrase (here), and once without this def. article (‫)שׁ ַמיִ ם ִהנֵּ ה‬ ָ in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:18; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §3, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §3. 8:27

�‫יְ ַכ ְל ְכּלוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:27; 2 Chr 6:18

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage of 2 Chr 6:18.

1 KINGS 8:29 ‫מ ַ ֙� ֶאל־‬ ֹ ֨ ‫שׁר ָא ַ֔מ ְר ָתּ יִ ְה ֶי֥ה ְשׁ ִ ֖מי ָ ֑שׁם ִל ְשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ָמּ ֔קוֹם ֲא‬ ַ֨ ‫ל־ה ַ ֤בּיִ ת ַהזֶּ ֙ה ַל֣יְ ָלה וָ י֔ וֹם ֶא‬ ַ ‫יוֹת ֵﬠ ֨ ֶינ� ְפ ֻת ֜חוֹת ֶא‬ ֩ ‫ִל ְה‬ ‫ל־ה ָמּ ֖קוֹם ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ַ ‫שׁר יִ ְת ַפּ ֵלּ֣ל ַﬠ ְב ְדּ ֔� ֶא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ַה ְתּ ִפ ֔ ָלּה ֲא‬ 8:29

� ֶ‫ֵﬠינ‬

Six times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Deut 15:18 (� ֶ‫;)בּ ֵﬠינ‬ ְ 19:21; 25:12; 1 Kgs 8:29; Isa 37:17 6 Job 14:3

160

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma in various forms written defective second ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) in various forms written plene second ‫)ﬠינֶ י�( י‬. ֵ

This distinction is implied in the two additional notations in the Mm to Deut 15:18. The first additional note is of Kings to the 1 Kgs 8:29 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Chr 6:20, where the lemma occurs as �‫ﬠינֶ י‬. ֵ

The second additional note is of Isaiah at the Isa 37:17 reference, which similarly distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Kgs 19:16, where the lemma occurs as �‫ﬠינֶ י‬. ֵ 8:29

‫ְפ ֻתחוֹת‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:29 (‫;*)פ ֻתחֹת‬ ְ 8:52 (‫*)פ ֻתחֹת‬ ְ

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective second ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its three occurrences written plene second ‫)פ ֻתחוֹת( ו‬, ְ and from its sole occurrence written both plene first ‫ ו‬and plene second ‫ ) ְפתוּחוֹת( ו‬at Neh 1:6. * ML, contra M (‫)פ ֻתחֹת‬, ְ write this lemma plene second ‫ ו‬both here and at 1 Kgs 8:52; see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 110.

MC and MA both read here and at 1 Kgs 8:52 ‫פ ֻתחֹת‬.ְ MA has Mp notes of twice defective at both locations, but MC only has this note at 1 Kgs 8:52. 8:29

‫ַליְ ָלה וָ יוֹם‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:29; Isa 27:3; Esth 4:16 —————————— ‫ ַליְ ָלה וָ יוֹם‬three times

‫לילה ויום ̇ג‬

� ֶ‫ ִל ְהיוֹת ֵﬠינ‬of Kings (1 Kgs 8:29) Isa 27:3 Esth 4:16

Mm ‫להיות )עיניך( ]עינך[ דמלכים‬ ‫אצרנה‬ ‫וצומו עלי‬

1 KINGS

161

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in this order, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) in the reverse order (‫יוֹמם‬ ָ ‫)וָ ַליְ ָלה‬.

This distinction is implied in the additional notation of Kings to the 1 Kgs 8:29 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Chr 6:20, where the lemma occurs as ‫יוֹמם‬ ָ ‫וָ ַליְ ָלה‬.

1 KINGS 8:30 �֙ ‫ל־מ ֤קוֹם ִשׁ ְב ְתּ‬ ְ ‫ל־ה ָמּ ֣קוֹם ַה ֶזּ֑ה ְו ַ֠א ָתּה ִתּ ְשׁ ַ֞מע ֶא‬ ַ ‫ל־תּ ִח ַנּ֤ת ַﬠ ְב ְדּ ֙� וְ ַﬠ ְמּ�֣ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר יִ ְֽת ַ ֽפּ ְלל֖ וּ ֶא‬ ְ ‫וְ ָ֨שׁ ַמ ְﬠ ָ֜תּ ֶא‬ ‫ל־ה ָשּׁ ַ֔מיִ ם וְ ָשׁ ַמ ְﬠ ָ ֖תּ וְ ָס ָ ֽל ְח ָתּ׃‬ ַ ‫ֶא‬ 8:30 Five times

‫ל־ה ָשּׁ ַמיִ ם‬ ַ ‫ֶא‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 8:30; Jer 4:23 (‫ל־ה ָשּׁ ַמיִ ם‬ ַ ‫ ;)וְ ֶא‬51:9; Ps 50:4; Dan 12:7 —————————— ‫ל־ה ָשּׁ ַמיִ ם‬ ַ ‫ ֶא‬five times

‫אל השמים ̇ה‬

1–5 ‫ וְ ָשׁ ַמ ְﬠ ָתּ‬of Kings (1 Kgs 8:30) Jer 4:23 Jer 51:9 Ps 50:4 Dan 12:7

Mm ‫ושמעת דמלכים‬ ‫ראיתי‬ ‫רפינו את בבל‬ ‫יקרא‬ ‫ואשמע‬

And once (‫) ֶאל ָשׁ ַמיִ ם‬: Deut 32:40 ‫וחד כי אשא אל שמים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of ‫ ַה ָשּׁ ַמיִ ם‬with ‫אל‬, ֶ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (29x) with ‫) ִמן ַה ָשּׁ ַמיִ ם( ִמן‬. This distinction is implied in the additional notation of Kings to the 1 Kgs 8:30 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Chr 6:21, where the lemma occurs as ‫ִמן‬ ‫ה ָשּׁ ַמיִ ם‬.ַ

The Mp heading at Jer 4:23 reads unique since the form there is the only one with a ‫ ו‬cj. (‫וְ ֶאל־‬ ‫)ה ָשּׁ ַמיִ ם‬. ַ

162

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 8:31 ‫וּבא ָא ָל֛ה ִל ְפ ֵנ֥י ִ ֽמזְ ַבּ ֲח�֖ ַבּ ַ ֥בּיִ ת ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ָ֗ ‫�תוֹ‬ ֑ ‫א־בוֹ ָא ָל֖ה ְל ַ ֽה ֲא‬ ֥ ‫ישׁ ְל ֵר ֔ ֵﬠהוּ וְ ָנ ָֽשׁ‬ ֙ ‫ֵא ֩ת ֲא ֶ֨שׁר יֶ ֱח ָ ֥טא ִא‬

8:31

‫וְ נָ ָשׁא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:31; 2 Chr 6:22

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in these parallel passages written with a ‫שׁ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (17x) with a ‫)וְ נָ ָשׂא( שׂ‬.

8:31

‫ְל ַה ֲא�תוֹ‬

Twice and defective

1 Kgs 8:31; 2 Chr 6:22

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs twice in these parallel passages and written defective first ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene first ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 8:32 ‫וּל ַה ְצ ִ ֣דּיק ַצ ִ ֔דּיק‬ ְ ‫אשׁוֹ‬ ֑ ֹ ‫ת־ﬠ ָב ֶ ֔די� ְל ַה ְר ִ ֣שׁ ַי� ָר ָ֔שׁע ָל ֵ ֥תת ַדּ ְר ֖כּוֹ ְבּר‬ ֲ ‫ית וְ ָשׁ ַפ ְט ָ ֣תּ ֶא‬ ָ֙ ‫וְ ַא ָ ֣תּה ׀ ִתּ ְשׁ ַ ֣מע ַה ָשּׁ ַ֗מיִ ם וְ ָﬠ ִ֨שׂ‬ ‫ָ ֥ל ֶתת ל֖ וֹ ְכּ ִצ ְד ָק ֽתוֹ׃ ס‬ 8:32

‫ְבּרֹאשׁוֹ‬

Fourteen times

‫י̇ ̇ד‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 25:39. 8:32

‫וּל ַה ְצ ִדּיק‬ ְ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

1 Kgs 8:32; 2 Chr 6:23

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:23.

1 KINGS

163

1 KINGS 8:33 �‫ת־שׁ ֶ֔מ� וְ ִ ֽה ְת ַ ֽפּ ְלל֧ וּ וְ ִ ֽה ְת ַחנְּ נ֛ וּ ֵא ֶל֖י‬ ְ ‫הוֹדוּ ֶא‬ ֣ ְ‫אוּ־ל֑� וְ ָ ֤שׁבוּ ֵא ֨ ֶל ֙י� ו‬ ָ ‫שׁר יֶ ֶח ְט‬ ֣ ֶ ‫אוֹי֖ב ֲא‬ ֵ ‫ְ ֽבּ ִהנָּ ֞ ֵגף ַﬠ ְמּ�֧ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֛אל ִל ְפ ֵנ֥י‬ ‫ַבּ ַ ֥בּיִ ת ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ 8:33 Unique

‫ְבּ ִהנָּ גֵ ף‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in this form, to distinguish it from the sole occurrence of the form ‫ יִ נָּ גֵ ף‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:24.

1 KINGS 8:34 ‫בוֹתם׃ ס‬ ֽ ָ ‫ל־ה ֲא ָד ָ֔מה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר נָ ַ ֖ת ָתּ ַל ֲא‬ ֣ ָ ‫וְ ַא ָתּ ֙ה ִתּ ְשׁ ַ ֣מע ַה ָשּׁ ַ֔מיִ ם וְ ָ ֣ס ַל ְח ָ֔תּ ְל ַח ַ ֖טּאת ַﬠ ְמּ�֣ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל וַ ֲה ֵ ֽשׁב ָֹת ֙ם ֶא‬ 8:34 Six times

‫ְל ַח ַטּאת‬ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 8:34; 8:36: 13:34; Zech 13:1; 2 Chr 6:25 6 2 Chr 6:27

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ under the ‫ט‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (38x) with a qameṣ (‫)ל ַח ָטּאת‬. ְ

8:34

‫וַ ֲה ֵשׁב ָֹתם‬

Twice, once defective and once plene

1 Kgs 8:34; 2 Chr 6:25 (‫יבוֹתם‬ ָ ‫)וַ ֲה ֵשׁ‬

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫חס וחד‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written defective ‫ י‬and defective ‫ ו‬here, and one written plene ‫ י‬and plene ‫ ו‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:25. 8:34

Six times

‫ל־ה ֲא ָד ָמה‬ ָ ‫ֶא‬ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 3:19; 28:15; Deut 31:20; 1 Kgs 8:34; Jer 35:15 6 2 Chr 6:25 ——————————

164

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫ל־ה ֲא ָד ָמה‬ ָ ‫ ֶא‬six times

̇‫אל האדמה ו‬

1–5 Gen 3:19 Gen 28:15 Deut 31:20 1 Kgs 8:34 And its companion (2 Chr 6:25) 6 Jer 35:15

Mm ‫בזעת‬ [‫)והשיבתיך( ]והשבתיך‬ ‫כי אביאנו‬ ‫והשבתם‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫ואשלח‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of ‫ ָה ֲא ָד ָמה‬with ‫אל‬, ֶ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (22x) with ‫) ַﬠל ָה ֲא ָד ָמה( ַﬠל‬.

1 KINGS 8:35 ‫אתם‬ ֥ ָ ‫וּמ ַח ָטּ‬ ֵ �‫ת־שׁ ֶ֔מ‬ ְ ‫הוֹדוּ ֶא‬ ֣ ְ‫ל־ה ָמּ ֤קוֹם ַהזֶּ ֙ה ו‬ ַ ‫אוּ־ל֑� וְ ִ ֽה ְת ַ ֽפּ ְל ֞לוּ ֶא‬ ָ ‫ְבּ ֵה ָﬠ ֵ ֥צר ָשׁ ַ ֛מיִ ם וְ לֹא־יִ ְה ֶי֥ה ָמ ָ ֖טר ִ ֣כּי יֶ ֶח ְט‬ ‫שׁוּבוּן ִ ֥כּי ַת ֲﬠ ֵנֽם׃‬ ֖ ְ‫י‬ 8:35 Unique

‫אתם‬ ָ ‫וּמ ַח ָטּ‬ ֵ

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence without a cj. in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:26. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that start with ‫ ;ומ‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §18, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §19. 8:35

Ten times

‫יְ שׁוּבוּן‬ ̇‫י‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 8:35; Isa 35:10 (‫ ;)יְ ֻשׁבוּן‬51:11; Jer 44:28 (‫ ;)יְ ֻשׁבוּן‬Mic 5:2 6–10 Ps 104:9 (‫ ;*)יְ ֻשׁבוּן‬104:29; Prov 2:19; Job 36:10*; 2 Chr 6:26

Com.: The Masorah notes the ten occurrences of this lemma with a paragogic ‫נ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (25x) without this ‫יָ ֻשׁבוּ( נ‬/‫)יָ שׁוּבוּ‬.

The Mp heading at Isa 35:10 reads three times defective, and the Mp headings at Jer 44:28 and Ps 104:9 read three times written like this, reflecting the writing of these forms defective first ‫ו‬ (‫)יְ ֻשׁבוּן‬. The Mp heading at Mic 5:2 reads four times. Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.) suggest this number refers to the four occurrences of this lemma in the Latter Prophets.

1 KINGS

165

* ML, contrary to M (‫)יְ ֻשׁבוּן‬, writes the form at Ps 104:9 plene first ‫ ;)יְ שׁוּבוּן( ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 263. On the other hand, also contrary to M (‫)יְ שׁוּבוּן‬, it writes the form at Job 36:10 defective first ‫ ;)יְ ֻשׁבוּן( ו‬see ibid, 300.

1 KINGS 8:36 ‫כוּ־בהּ‬ ֑ ָ ‫שׁר ֵי ְֽל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫טּוֹבה ֲא‬ ֖ ָ ‫ת־ה ֶ ֥דּ ֶר� ַה‬ ַ ‫תוֹרם ֶא‬ ֛ ֵ ‫וְ ַא ָ ֣תּה ׀ ִתּ ְשׁ ַ ֣מע ַה ָשּׁ ַ֗מיִ ם וְ ָ֨ס ַל ְח ָ֜תּ ְל ַח ַ ֤טּאת ֲﬠ ָב ֶ ֨ד ֙י� וְ ַﬠ ְמּ�֣ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ִ ֥כּי‬ ‫ל־א ְר ְצ ֔� ֲא ֶשׁר־נָ ַ ֥ת ָתּה ְל ַﬠ ְמּ�֖ ְלנַ ֲח ָ ֽלה׃ ס‬ ַ ‫וְ נָ ַת ָ ֤תּה ָמ ָט ֙ר ַﬠ‬ 8:36

‫ְל ַח ַטּאת‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 8:34. 8:36

‫ְלנַ ֲח ָלה‬

Fifteen times

̇‫̇הי‬

Com.: See Josh 11:23.

Mp

1 KINGS 8:37 ‫י־י ְ֠היֶ ה ִשׁ ָדּ ֨פוֹן יֵ ָר ֜קוֹן ַא ְר ֶבּ֤ה ָח ִסיל֙ ִ ֣כּי יִ ְה ֶ֔יה ִ ֧כּי ָי ַֽצר־ל֛ וֹ אֹיְ ֖בוֹ ְבּ ֶ ֣א ֶרץ ְשׁ ָﬠ ָ ֑ריו ָכּל־‬ ִ ‫ָר ֞ ָﬠב ִ ֽכּי־יִ ְה ֶי֣ה ָב ָ֗א ֶרץ ֶ ֣דּ ֶבר ִ ֽכּ‬ ‫ל־מ ֲח ָ ֽלה׃‬ ַ ‫ֶנ֖ גַ ע ָ ֽכּ‬ 8:37 Unique

‫ִשׁ ָדּפוֹן יֵ ָרקוֹן‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ִשׁ ָדּפוֹן‬with ‫יֵ ָרקוֹן‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ִשׁ ָדּפוֹן וְ יֵ ָרקוֹן( וְ יֵ ָרקוֹן‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:28. 8:37

Unique

‫אַר ֶבּה ָח ִסיל‬ ְ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole ccurrence of ‫אַר ֶבּה‬ ְ with ‫ ָח ִסיל‬to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫אַר ֶבּה וְ ָח ִסיל( וְ ָח ִסיל‬ ְ ) in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:28.

166 8:37

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫אֹיְ בוֹ‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 24:20. 8:37

‫ ָכּל‬1

Ten verses where there are two (occurrences) of ‫ ָכּל‬with one word between them

‫ביניה‬ ̇ ‫פסוק כל כל ומלה‬ ̇ ̇‫י‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 15:26; Judg 20:2; 1 Kgs 8:37; 2 Kgs 17:13; Ezek 17:23 6–10 Ps 39:6; 72:11; Lam 3:60; Neh 10:36; 2 Chr 32:15

Com.: The Masorah notes the ten verses where there are two occurrences of ‫ ָכּל‬with one word between them; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §314. This list does not include verses where the first ‫ ָכּל‬is preceded by ‫( ֶאת‬e.g., Deut 5:26) or ‫ַﬠל‬ (e.g., Josh 3:15), nor verses in which there is a third ‫( ָכּל‬e.g., Ps 119:128), ‫( וְ ָכל‬e.g., Gen 7:14), or ‫( ְל ָכל‬1 Kgs 8:38).

In ML the circellus has been misplaced on the first ‫ ָכּל‬of v. 38 instead of the first ‫ ָכּל‬of v. 37. The note cannot apply to v. 38 because that verse contains two occurrences of ‫ל ָכל‬,ְ a situation to which this note does not apply.

1 KINGS 8:38 ‫וּפ ַ ֥רשׂ ַכּ ָ ֖פּיו‬ ָ ‫שׁר יֵ ְד ֗עוּן ִ ֚אישׁ ֶ ֣נ גַ ע ְל ָב ֔בוֹ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ָא ָ ֔דם ְל ֖כֹל ַﬠ ְמּ�֣ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ֲא‬ ֣ ָ ‫ל־תּ ִח ֗ ָנּה ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ִ ֽת ְהיֶ ֙ה ְל ָכ‬ ְ ‫ל־תּ ִפ ָלּ֣ה ָכ‬ ְ ‫ָכּ‬ ‫ל־ה ַ ֥בּיִ ת ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ַ ‫ֶא‬ 8:38

‫ ְל ָכל‬1

Six verses containing the sequence ‫ ְל ָכל‬...‫ְל ָכל‬ Com.: See 2 Sam 6:19.

In ML this lemma has no circellus.

‫פס לכל לכל‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1 KINGS 8:38

‫יֵ ְדעוּן‬

‫ יֵ ְדעוּן‬four times

‫ידעון ̇ד‬

167

Mm

Josh 3:7 1 Kgs 8:38 ‫אַתּה ִתּ ְשׁ ַמע‬ ָ of Kings (1 Kgs 8:43) Prov 10:32

‫ויאמר יהוה אל יהושע‬ ‫כל תפלה כל תחנה‬ ‫אתה תשמע דמלכים‬ ‫שפתי צדיק‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a paragogic ‫נ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (12x) without this additional ‫ ;)יֵ ְדעוּ( נ‬see 1 Kgs 14:2.

This distinction is implied in the additional notation of Kings to the 1 Kgs 8:43 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Chr 6:33 where the lemma is written as ‫יֵ ְדעוּ‬. In ML this lemma has no circellus.

1 KINGS 8:39 ‫י־א ָ ֤תּה‬ ַ ‫ת־ל ָב ֑בוֹ ִ ֽכּ‬ ְ ‫ל־דּ ָר ָ֔כיו ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ֵתּ ַ ֖דע ֶא‬ ְ ‫ישׁ ְכּ ָכ‬ ֙ ‫ית וְ נָ ַת ָ ֤תּ ָל ִא‬ ָ ‫ְו ַ֠א ָתּה ִתּ ְשׁ ַ֨מע ַה ָשּׁ ַ֜מיִ ם ְמ ֤כוֹן ִשׁ ְב ֶ֨תּ ֙� וְ ָס ַל ְח ָ ֣תּ וְ ָﬠ ִ֔שׂ‬ ‫ל־בּ ֵנ֥י ָה ָא ָ ֽדם׃‬ ְ ‫ת־ל ַ ֖בב ָכּ‬ ְ ‫יָ ַ ֨ד ְﬠ ָ֙תּ ְל ַב ְדּ ֔� ֶא‬ 8:39

‫֠אַתּה‬ ָ ‫ְו‬

Six times with the accent (təlîšâ gəḏôlâ)

‫בטע‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 8:30; 8:39; Jer 46:27; Ezek 33:9; 2 Chr 6:21 6 2 Chr 6:30

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma with the accent təlîšâ gəḏôlâ, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) with other accents.

1 KINGS 8:40 ‫ל־פּ ֵנ֣י ָה ֲא ָד ָ ֑מה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר נָ ַ ֖ת ָתּה ַל ֲאב ֵ ֹֽתינוּ׃‬ ְ ‫ר־הם ַחיִּ ֖ים ַﬠ‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ל־היָּ ִ֔מים ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ַ֨ ‫ﬠן יִ ָֽ ר ֔אוּ� ָכּ‬ ֙ ַ ‫ְל ַ֨מ‬ 8:40

�‫יִ ָראוּ‬

�‫ יִ ָראוּ‬four times, once defective and three ‫מל וסימנהון‬ ̇ ‫חס ̇וג‬ ̇ ‫יראוך ̇ד חד‬ times plene, and their references

Mm

168

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

1 Kgs 8:40 And its companion (2 Chr 6:31) Isa 25:3 Ps 72:5

‫למען יראוך כל‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫על כן יכבדוך עם עז‬ ‫עם שמש‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma, three times written plene ‫י‬ (�‫ )יִ ָיראוּ‬at Isa 25:3, Ps 72:5, and 2 Chr 6:31, and once written defective ‫יִ ָראוּ�( י‬, here). 8:40

‫ֵהם ַחיִּ ים‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Deut 4:10; 1 Kgs 8:40; 2 Chr 6:31 —————————— ‫ ֵהם ַחיִּ ים‬three times Deut 4:10 1 Kgs 8:40 2 Chr 6:31

‫הם חיים ̇ג‬

Mm

‫ואת בניהם ילמדון‬ ‫למען )ייראוך( ]יראוך[ כל הימים‬ ‫למען ייראוך ללכת‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of ‫ ַחיִּ ים‬written with ‫הם‬,ֵ to distinguish them from its sole occurrence written with ‫ ) ֵה ָמה ַחיִּ ים( ֵה ָמה‬at Qoh 4:2.

In some mss., the heading for this lemma reads three times, once in the Torah, once in the Prophets, and once in the Writings; see Ginsburg, 4, ‫א‬, §1168.

1 KINGS 8:42 ‫ל־ה ַ ֥בּיִ ת ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ַ ‫וּבא וְ ִה ְת ַפּ ֵלּ֖ל ֶא‬ ֥ ָ ‫טוּי֑ה‬ ָ ְ‫ת־י ְֽ ד ֙� ַ ֽה ֲחזָ ָ ֔קה וּֽ זְ ר ֲֹﬠ�֖ ַהנּ‬ ָ ‫ת־שׁ ְמ�֣ ַהגָּ ֔דוֹל וְ ֶא‬ ִ ‫עוּן ֶא‬ ֙ ‫ִ ֤כּי יִ ְשׁ ְמ‬ 8:42 Five times

‫יִ ְשׁ ְמעוּן‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 4:9; Deut 2:25; 4:6; 4:28; 1 Kgs 8:42 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ יִ ְשׁ ְמעוּן‬five times

169

Mm

‫ישמעון ̇ה‬

1–5 The third (occurrence of) ‫וְ ָהיָ ה ִאם־לֹא יַ ֲא ִמינוּ‬ (Exod 4:9) Deut 2:25 Deut 4:6 Deut 4:28 1 Kgs 8:42

‫והיה אם לא יאמינו תליתיא‬ ‫היום הזה אחל‬ ‫ושמרתם ועשיתם‬ ‫ועבדתם שם‬ ‫את שמך‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a paragogic ‫נ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (24x) without this ‫)יִ ְשׁ ְמעוּ( נ‬.

This distinction is implied in the additional notation to the Exod 4:9 reference of the third occurrence of ‫לֹא יַ ֲא ִמינוּ‬, which distinguishes this verse from the first and second occurrence of ‫לֹא‬ ‫ יַ ֲא ִמינוּ‬in this section (Exod 4:1 and 8), where the lemma occurs as ‫יִ ְשׁ ְמעוּ‬. 8:42

�‫וְ ֶאת־יָ ְד‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Deut 3:24; 1 Kgs 8:42

——————————

�‫ וְ ֶאת־יָ ְד‬twice, and their references

Deut 3:24 1 Kgs 8:42

‫ואת ידך ̇ב וסימנהון‬

‫אתה החלות להראות את עבדך את גדלך‬ ‫כי ישמעון את שמך הגדול‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) without a cj. 8:42

�‫וּזְ ר ֲֹﬠ‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 8:42; Ezek 4:7

——————————

Mp

170

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

�‫ וּזְ ר ֲֹﬠ‬five times defective

1–5 Deut 9:29 1 Sam 2:31 1 Kgs 8:42 Jer 32:17 Ezek 4:7

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫וזרעך ̇ה‬

(�‫)וּבזְ ר ֲֹﬠ‬ ְ (�‫)זְ ר ֲֹﬠ‬ (�‫)וּזְ ר ֲֹﬠ‬ (�‫)וּבזְ ר ֲֹﬠ‬ ְ (�‫)וּזְ ר ֲֹﬠ‬

Mm

‫והם עמך ונחלתך‬ ‫הנה ימים באים וגדעתי‬ ‫כי ישמעון‬ [‫אהה אדני )י̇ י̇ ( ]יהוה‬ ‫ואל מצור ירושלם‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma in various forms, written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its six occurrences in various forms written plene ‫רוֹﬠ�( ו‬ ֲ ְ‫)ז‬. The Mp here deals only with the two occurrences of the lemma in this form with a ‫ ו‬cj. (�‫)וּזְ ר ֲֹﬠ‬, whereas the Mm here and the Mp headings at Deut 9:9, Jer 32:17, and Ezek 4:7 include all five defective forms. In ML a ‫ ל‬without a dot has been written above the note ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫ב‬.̇ 8:42

Unique

‫וּבא וְ ִה ְת ַפּ ֵלּל‬ ָ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the sg., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence in the pl. (‫וּבאוּ וְ ִה ְת ַפּ ְללוּ‬ ָ ) in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:32.

1 KINGS 8:43 ‫ל־ﬠ ֵ֨מּי ָה ָ֜א ֶרץ ֶאת־‬ ַ ‫ית ְכּ ֛כֹל ֲא ֶשׁר־יִ ְק ָ ֥רא ֵא ֶל֖י� ַהנָּ ְכ ִ ֑רי ְל ַ ֣מ ַﬠן יֵ ְדעוּן֩ ָכּ‬ ָ ‫ַא ָ֞תּה ִתּ ְשׁ ַ ֤מע ַה ָשּׁ ַ֨מיִ ֙ם ְמ ֣כוֹן ִשׁ ְב ֶ֔תּ� וְ ָﬠ ִ֕שׂ‬ ‫יתי׃‬ ִ ‫ל־ה ַ ֥בּיִ ת ַה ֶזּ֖ה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָבּ ִ ֽנ‬ ַ ‫י־שׁ ְמ�֣ נִ ְק ָ ֔רא ַﬠ‬ ִ ‫א ְת ֙� ְכּ ַﬠ ְמּ�֣ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וְ ָל ַ ֕ד ַﬠת ִכּ‬ ֹ ֽ ‫ְשׁ ֶ֗מ� ְליִ ְר ָ ֤אה‬ 8:43 Unique

‫אַתּה ִתּ ְשׁ ַמע‬ ָ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (11x) with a cj. (‫אַתּה ִתּ ְשׁ ַמע‬ ָ ְ‫)ו‬, one of which is in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:33.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that occur only once with a preceding ‫;אַתּה‬ ָ see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §261.

1 KINGS 8:43

171

�‫ְמכוֹן ִשׁ ְב ֶתּ‬

Six times

Mp

̇‫ו‬

1–5 1 Kgs 8:39; 8:43; 8:49; 2 Chr 6:30; 6:33 (‫)מ ְמּכוֹן‬ ִ 6 2 Chr 6:39 (‫)מ ְמּכוֹן‬ ִ

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of �‫ ִשׁ ְב ֶתּ‬/�‫ ִשׁ ְב ְתּ‬with ‫ ִמ ְמּכוֹן‬/‫ ְמכוֹן‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences with ‫ ְמקוֹם‬at 1 Kgs 8:30 (�‫) ְמקוֹם ִשׁ ְב ְתּ‬, and with ‫ ִמ ְמּקוֹם‬at 2 Chr 6:21 (�‫) ִמ ְמּקוֹם ִשׁ ְב ְתּ‬. 8:43

‫יֵ ְדעוּן‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See Josh 3:7, and directly above at 1 Kgs 8:38. 8:43

‫וְ ָל ַד ַﬠת‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 3:25b.

1 KINGS 8:44 ‫שׁר ָבּ ַ ֣ח ְר ָתּ ָ֔בּהּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫יר ֲא‬ ֙ ‫הוה ֶ ֤דּ ֶר� ָה ִﬠ‬ ָ֗ ְ‫שׁר ִתּ ְשׁ ָל ֵ ֑חם וְ ִה ְת ַ ֽפּ ְלל֣ וּ ֶאל־י‬ ֣ ֶ ‫איְ ֔בוֹ ַבּ ֶ ֖דּ ֶר� ֲא‬ ֹ ֣ ‫ִכּי־יֵ ֵ֨צא ַﬠ ְמּ�֤ ַל ִמּ ְל ָח ָמ ֙ה ַﬠל־‬ ‫ר־בּ ִ ֥נ ִתי ִל ְשׁ ֶ ֽמ�׃‬ ָ ‫וְ ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ֲא ֶשׁ‬ 8:44

‫אֹיְ בוֹ‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 24:20. 8:44

‫ָבּנִ ִתי‬

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective first ‫י‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (14x) written plene first ‫יתי( י‬ ִ ִ‫)בּנ‬. ָ

172

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 8:46

‫אוֹיב‬ ֵ֔ ‫ל־א ֶרץ ָה‬ ֣ ֶ ‫יה ֙ם ֶא‬ ֶ ‫אוֹי֑ב וְ ָשׁ ֤בוּם ֽשׁ ֹ ֵב‬ ֵ ‫שׁר לֹא־יֶ ֱח ָ֔טא וְ ָאנַ ְפ ָ ֣תּ ָ֔בם וּנְ ַת ָ ֖תּם ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י‬ ֣ ֶ ‫אוּ־ל� ִ ֣כּי ֵ ֤אין ָא ָד ֙ם ֲא‬ ָ ֗ ‫ִ ֣כּי ֶי ֶֽח ְט‬ ‫רוֹבה׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫ְרחוֹ ָ ֖ קה ֥אוֹ ְק‬ 8:46

‫וְ ָאנַ ְפ ָתּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:46; 2 Chr 6:36

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:36. 8:46

Six times

‫וּנְ ַת ָתּם‬ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 8:46; 8:50; Jer 27:2; 32:14; 1 Chr 14:10 6 2 Chr 6:36

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ת‬, you (sg.) will give them, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (12x) with a səḡôl (‫וּנְ ַת ֶתּם‬, you (pl.) will give); see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §5H.

This distinction is implied in the headings of the Mp at 1 Chr 14:10, which reads six times with a qameṣ ( ָ‫ )ו‬thereby assuming a contrast with a form with a different vowel under the ‫ת‬, which can only be a səḡôl. 8:46

Five times

‫ָהאוֹיֵ ב‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 8:46; Jer 15:11 (‫;)האֹיֵ ב‬ ָ Ezek 36:2; Ps 9:7; 2 Chr 26:13

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with the def. article, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (39x) without the def. article.

1 KINGS 8:46

173

‫רוֹבה‬ ָ ‫חוֹקה אוֹ ְק‬ ָ ‫ְר‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–2 1 Kgs 8:46; 2 Chr 6:36

Com.: The Mp heading here of seven times is incorrect since there are only two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:36. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 8:47 ‫מר ָח ָ ֥טאנוּ וְ ֶה ֱﬠִו֖ינוּ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫יה ֙ם ֵלא‬ ֶ ‫בּוּ־שׁם וְ ָ ֣שׁבוּ ׀ וְ ִ ֽה ְת ַחנְּ נ֣ וּ ֵא ֗ ֶלי� ְבּ ֶ ֤א ֶרץ ֽשׁ ֹ ֵב‬ ֑ ָ ‫שׁר נִ ְשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ל ָ֔בּם ָבּ ָ ֖א ֶרץ ֲא‬ ִ ‫יבוּ ֶא‬ ֙ ‫וְ ֵה ִ֨שׁ‬ ‫ָר ָ ֽשׁ ְﬠנוּ׃‬ 8:47 Unique

‫ל־ל ָבּם‬ ִ ‫ֶא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ֶאל‬with ‫ל ָבּם‬,ִ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫ל־ל ָב ָבם( ְל ָב ָבם‬ ִ ‫)א‬ ֶ in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:37.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that only occur once with the prep. ‫;אל‬ ֶ see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §77, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §156A. 8:47

‫נִ ְשׁבּוּ‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 30:5. 8:47

Unique

‫וְ ֶה ֱﬠוִ ינוּ ָר ָשׁ ְﬠנוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this phrase with a ‫ ו‬cj. on ‫ ֶה ֱﬠוִ ינוּ‬but not on ‫ר ָשׁ ְﬠנוּ‬,ָ to distinguish it from the sole occurrence of the opposite, a cj. on ‫ ָר ָשׁ ְﬠנוּ‬but not on ‫ ) ֶה ֱﬠוִ ינוּ וְ ָר ָשׁ ְﬠנוּ( ֶה ֱﬠוִ ינוּ‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 6:37.

174

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 8:48

‫שׁר‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ר־שׁ ֣בוּ א ָ ֹ֑תם וְ ִ ֽה ְת ַ ֽפּ ְלל֣ וּ ֵא ֗ ֶלי� ֶ ֤דּ ֶר� ַא ְר ָצ ֙ם ֲא‬ ָ ‫יהם ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֖ ֶ ‫וּב ָכל־נַ ְפ ָ֔שׁם ְבּ ֶ ֥א ֶרץ אֹיְ ֵב‬ ְ ‫ל־ל ָב ָב ֙ם‬ ְ ‫וְ ָ ֣שׁבוּ ֵא ֗ ֶלי� ְבּ ָכ‬ ‫ית ִל ְשׁ ֶ ֽמ�׃‬ ִ ‫ר־בּ ִ ֥נ‬ ָ ‫שׁר ָבּ ַ֔ח ְר ָתּ וְ ַה ַ ֖בּיִ ת ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫יר ֲא‬ ֙ ‫בוֹתם ָה ִﬠ‬ ָ֔ ‫נָ ַ ֣ת ָתּה ַל ֲא‬ 8:48

‫ָשׁ ֣בוּ‬

Four times accented (milraʿ)

Mp

‫̇ד בטע‬

Gen 34:29; 1 Kgs 8:48; 2 Chr 6:38; 25:12 ——————————

‫ ָשׁבוּ‬four times accented (milraʿ) in meanings of captivity

‫בטע בלישנ̇ שביה‬ ̇ ‫שבו ̇ד‬

Gen 34:29 1 Kgs 8:48 And its companion (2 Chr 6:38) 2 Chr 25:12

Mm

‫ואת כל חילם ואת‬ ‫ושבו אליך‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫ועשרת אלפים חיים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma from the verb ‫שׁ ָבה‬, ָ to take captive, accented milraʿ, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) from the verb ‫שׁוּב‬, to return, accented milʿêl (‫) ָ֫שׁבוּ‬. The Mp heading at 2 Chr 6:38 expressly states that this form is accented on the ‫ב‬. It reads four times with the accent on the ‫בטע בבית( ב‬ ̇ ‫) ̇ד‬. 8:48

‫ית‬ ִ ִ‫ָבּנ‬

Read ‫יתי‬ ִ ִ‫ָבּנ‬

‫בניתי קרי‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)בנית‬, and the qərê (‫יתי‬ ִ ִ‫)בּנ‬ ָ are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations, where a word ending in a ‫ י‬is read even though it is not written; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §126, Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §110, and Gordis, The Biblical Text, 97.

1 KINGS 8:50 ‫יהם וְ ִ ֽר ֲח ֽמוּם׃‬ ֖ ֶ ‫עוּ־ב� וּנְ ַת ָ ֧תּם ְל ַר ֲח ִ ֛מים ִל ְפ ֵנ֥י שׁ ֵֹב‬ ֑ ָ ‫שׁר ָפּ ְשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫יהם ֲא‬ ֖ ֶ ‫ל־פּ ְשׁ ֵﬠ‬ ִ ‫וּל ָכ‬ ְ �‫אוּ־ל‬ ָ ֔ ‫שׁר ָ ֽח ְט‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וְ ָס ַל ְח ָ ֤תּ ְל ַﬠ ְמּ ֙� ֲא‬ 8:50 Six times

‫וּנְ ַת ָתּם‬ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 8:46.

‫‪1 KINGS‬‬

‫‪175‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 8:52‬‬ ‫יהם ְבּ ֖כֹל ָק ְר ָ ֥אם ֵא ֶ ֽלי�׃‬ ‫מ ַ� ֲא ֵל ֶ֔‬ ‫ל־תּ ִח ַנּ֖ת ַﬠ ְמּ�֣ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ִל ְשׁ ֣ ֹ‬ ‫ל־תּ ִח ַנּ֣ת ַﬠ ְב ְדּ ֔� וְ ֶא ְ‬ ‫חוֹת ֶא ְ‬ ‫ִל ְהי֨ וֹת ֵﬠ ֶינ֤י� ְפ ֻת ֙‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ְפ ֻתחוֹת‬

‫‪8:52‬‬

‫*‪Twice defective‬‬

‫חס‬ ‫̇ב ̇‬

‫‪Com.: See above at 1 Kgs 8:29.‬‬ ‫ָק ְר ָאם ֵא ֶלי�‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪8:52‬‬

‫‪Unique‬‬

‫̇ל‬

‫‪1 KINGS 8:53‬‬ ‫ת־אב ֵ ֹ֛תינוּ‬ ‫יא�֧ ֶא ֲ‬ ‫הוֹצ ֲ‬ ‫ֹשׁה ַﬠ ְב ֶ ֗דּ� ְבּ ִ‬ ‫י־א ָ֞תּה ִה ְב ַדּ ְל ָ ֤תּם ְל ֙� ְ ֽלנַ ֲח ֔ ָלה ִמ ֖כֹּל ַﬠ ֵ ֣מּי ָה ָ ֑א ֶרץ ַכּ ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ִדּ ַ֜בּ ְר ָתּ ְבּ ַי֣ד ׀ מ ֶ ֣‬ ‫ִ ֽכּ ַ‬ ‫הוה׃ פ‬ ‫ִמ ִמּ ְצ ַ ֖ריִ ם ֲאד ָֹנ֥י יְ ִ ֽ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ִה ְב ַדּ ְל ָתּם‬

‫‪Unique‬‬

‫̇ל‬ ‫ְלנַ ֲח ָלה‬ ‫̇הי̇‬

‫‪8:53‬‬

‫‪Fifteen times‬‬

‫‪Com.: See Josh 11:23.‬‬ ‫ַﬠ ְב ֶדּ�‬

‫וסופ פסו̇ דכו̇ ̇ב ̇מ ̇א‬ ‫̇‬ ‫ז̇ וכל אתנ̇‬

‫‪8:53‬‬

‫‪8:53‬‬

‫‪Seven times, and similarly every ʾaṯnaḥ‬‬ ‫‪and sôṕ pasûq apart from one‬‬ ‫‪Com.: See 1 Sam 23:11.‬‬ ‫יא�‬ ‫הוֹצ ֲ‬ ‫ְבּ ִ‬

‫‪8:53‬‬

‫̇ב‬

‫‪Twice‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Exod 3:12; 1 Kgs 8:53‬‬

176

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 8:54

�ַ ֹ ‫ל־ה ְתּ ִפ ָ ֥לּה וְ ַה ְתּ ִח ָנּ֖ה ַה ֑זּ ֹאת ָ ֞קם ִמ ִלּ ְפ ֨ ֵני ִמזְ ַ ֤בּח יְ הוָ ֙ה ִמ ְכּ ֣ר‬ ַ ‫הוה ֵ ֛את ָכּ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫מה ְל ִה ְת ַפּ ֵלּל֙ ֶאל־י‬ ֹ ֗ �‫וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ׀ ְכּ ַכלּ֣ וֹת ְשׁ‬ ‫ל־בּ ְר ָ֔כּיו וְ ַכ ָ ֖פּיו ְפּ ֻר ֥שׂוֹת ַה ָשּׁ ָ ֽמיִ ם׃‬ ִ ‫ַﬠ‬ 8:54

‫ִמ ִלּ ְפנֵ י ִמזְ ַבּח יְ הוָ ה‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the inseparable prep. ‫מ‬, to distinguish it from its four occurrences without this preposition (‫) ִל ְפנֵ י ִמזְ ַבּח יְ הוָ ה‬, one of which occurs in v. 22. 8:54

�ַֹ ‫ִמ ְכּר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

8:54

‫ְפּ ֻרשׂוֹת‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma. MA correctly reads here unique, and MC adds and defective. Unique and written like this

‫וכת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written like this, that is, defective first ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene first ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 8:57 ‫ם־אב ֵ ֹ֑תינוּ ַאל־יַ ַﬠזְ ֵ ֖בנוּ וְ ַ ֽאל־יִ ְטּ ֵ ֽשׁנוּ׃‬ ֲ ‫ינוּ ִﬠ ָ֔מּנוּ ַכּ ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָה ָי֖ה ִﬠ‬ ֙ ‫�ה‬ ֵ֨ ‫הו֤ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫יְ ִ֨הי י‬ 8:57 Unique

‫�הינוּ‬ ֵ ‫יְ ִהי יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ יְ ִהי יְ הוָ ה‬with ‫�הינוּ‬ ֵ ‫א‬, ֱ to distinguish it from the two occurrences of this phrase with �‫�הי‬ ֶ ‫�הי�( ֱא‬ ֶ ‫ )יְ ִהי יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬at 1 Kgs 10:9 and 2 Chr 9:8.

1 KINGS

177

1 KINGS 8:58 ‫ת־אב ֵ ֹֽתינוּ׃‬ ֲ ‫וּמ ְשׁ ָפּ ָ֔טיו ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ִצָוּ֖ה ֶא‬ ִ ‫וֹתיו וְ ֻח ָקּ ֙יו‬ ֤ ָ ‫מר ִמ ְצ‬ ֹ ֨ ‫ל־דּ ָר ָ֗כיו וְ ִל ְשׁ‬ ְ ‫ְל ַה ֥טּוֹת ְל ָב ֵ ֖בנוּ ֵא ָל֑יו ָל ֶל ֶ֣כת ְבּ ָכ‬ 8:58

‫ְל ָב ֵבנוּ‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 2:11. In the ms. the Mp note is represented by an enlarged ‫ ד‬written over another letter. 8:58 ‫ל־דּ ָר ָכיו‬ ְ ‫ָל ֶל ֶכת ְבּ ָכ‬ Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Deut 10:12; 11:22; Josh 22:5 (‫ ;)וְ ָל ֶל ֶכת‬1 Kgs 8:58

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this phrase with ‫בּ ָכל‬,ְ to distinguish it from its five occurrences without this quantitative pronoun (‫וְ ָל ֶל ֶכת ִבּ ְד ָר ָכיו‬/‫)ל ֶל ֶכת‬. ָ

1 KINGS 8:59 ‫יוֹמם וָ ָל֑יְ ָלה ַל ֲﬠ ֣שׂוֹת ׀ ִמ ְשׁ ַפּ֣ט ַﬠ ְב ֗דּוֹ‬ ֣ ָ ‫�הינוּ‬ ֖ ֵ ‫הו֥ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫הוה ְקר ִ ֹ֛בים ֶאל־י‬ ָ֔ ְ‫תּי ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י י‬ ֙ ִ ְ‫וְ יִ ְֽהי֨ וּ ְד ָב ַ ֜רי ֵ֗א ֶלּה ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ִה ְת ַח ֨ ַנּנ‬ ‫יוֹמוֹ׃‬ ֽ ‫וּמ ְשׁ ַ ֛פּט ַﬠ ֥מּוֹ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ְדּ ַבר־י֥ וֹם ְבּ‬ ִ 8:59

‫וְ יִ ְהיוּ‬

Eleven times

‫י̇ ̇א‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 7:19; 26:24; Num 17:3; 31:3; 1 Kgs 8:59 6–10 Jer 18:23 (qərê); 42:17; Hos 9:17; Prov 3:22; Cant 7:9 11 Lam 1:21

Com.: The Masorah notes the eleven occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) with a ‫ ו‬consec. (‫ ;)וַ יִּ ְהיוּ‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §18F. This distinction is implied in the Mp heading at Exod 26:24, and the Mm headings at Exod 7:19, Exod 26:24 and Num 31:3, which read eleven times raṕê, that is with a ‫ ו‬cj. as opposed to written with daḡeš (a ‫ ו‬consec.).

178

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 8:62 ‫הוֽה׃‬ ָ ְ‫ְ ֽו ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� וְ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ִﬠ ֑מּוֹ ז ְֹב ִ ֥חים ֶז ַ֖בח ִל ְפ ֵנ֥י י‬

8:62

‫וְ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬

Thirty-five times, and (similarly) every time at the beginning of a verse

‫ראש פסוק‬ ̇ ‫̇ל ̇ה וכל‬

Mp

Com.: See Josh 8:15.

1 KINGS 8:63 ‫וּשׁ ֨ ַניִ ֙ם ֶ֔א ֶלף וְ ֕צ ֹאן ֵמ ָ ֥אה וְ ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֖רים ָ ֑א ֶלף‬ ְ ‫ה ָבּ ָ ֗קר ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֤רים‬ ֒ ָ‫שׁר זָ ַ ֣בח ַליהו‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ים ֲא‬ ֮ ‫מה ֵ ֣את ֶז ַ֣בח ַה ְשּׁ ָל ִמ‬ ֹ ֗ �‫וַ יִּ זְ ַבּ֣ח ְשׁ‬ ‫ל־בּ ֵנ֥י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ְ ‫הוה ַה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� וְ ָכ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ת־בּ֣ית י‬ ֵ ‫כוּ ֶא‬ ֙ ְ‫ַוֽ יַּ ְחנ‬ 8:63

‫וַ יַּ ְחנְ כוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:63; 2 Chr 7:5

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 7:5. 8:63

Six times

‫ל־בּנֵ י‬ ְ ‫וְ ָכ‬ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 34:30; Num 27:21; Josh 3:1; Judg 7:12; 1 Kgs 8:63 6 2 Chr 7:3 —————————— ‫ל־בּנֵ י‬ ְ ‫ וְ ָכ‬six times

1–5 Exod 34:30 Num 27:21 Josh 3:1 Judg 7:12 1 Kgs 8:63 6 2 Chr 7:3

̇‫וכל בני ו‬

Mm

‫וירא אהרן‬ ‫ולפני אלעזר הכהן‬ ‫וישכם יהושע‬ ‫ומדין ועמלק‬ ‫ויזבח שלמה‬ ‫ראים ברדת‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (41x) without a cj.

1 KINGS

179

1 KINGS 8:64 ‫ת־ה ִמּנְ ָ֔חה וְ ֵ ֖את‬ ַ ‫ת־הע ָֹל ֙ה וְ ֶא‬ ֽ ָ ‫י־ﬠ ָ֣שׂה ָ֗שׁם ֶא‬ ָ ‫הוה ִכּ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ת־תּוֹ� ֶה ָח ֵ֗צר ֲא ֶשׁ ֙ר ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י ֵבית־י‬ ֣ ‫ַבּיּ֣ וֹם ַה ֗הוּא ִק ַ ֨דּשׁ ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל� ֶא‬ ‫ת־ה ִמּנְ ָ֔חה וְ ֵ ֖את ֶח ְל ֵ ֥בי‬ ַ ‫ת־הע ָֹל֣ה וְ ֶא‬ ָ ‫הוה ָק ֗טֹן ֵ ֽמ ָה ִכיל֙ ֶא‬ ָ֔ ְ‫שׁר ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י י‬ ֣ ֶ ‫י־מזְ ַ ֤בּח ַהנְּ ֨חֹ ֶשׁ ֙ת ֲא‬ ִ ‫ֶח ְל ֵב֣י ַה ְשּׁ ָל ִ ֑מים ִ ֽכּ‬ ‫ַה ְשּׁ ָל ִ ֽמים׃‬ 8:64

‫ֶאת־תּוֹ� ֶה ָח ֵצר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:64; 2 Chr 7:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 7:7. 8:64

‫ֲא ֶשׁר ִל ְפנֵ י ֵבית־יְ הוָ ה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 8:64; 2 Chr 7:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 7:7. 8:64

‫ת־ה ִמּנְ ָחה‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬1

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 40:29; Lev 14:20; Judg 13:9; 1 Kgs 8:64a; 8:64b 6–8 Ezek 45:17; 46:15; 2 Chr 7:7 —————————— ‫ת־ה ִמּנְ ָחה‬ ַ ‫ וְ ֶא‬eight times

‫ואת המנחה ̇ח‬

1–5 Exod 40:29 Lev 14:20 Judg 13:9 ‫ ִק ַדּשׁ‬of Kings (1 Kgs 8:64a) Twice in it (1 Kgs 8:64b) 6–8 Ezek 46:15 Ezek 45:17 ‫ וַ יְ ַק ֵדּשׁ‬of Chronicles (2 Chr 7:7)

Mm

‫העלה‬ ‫והעלה הכהן‬ ‫מנוח‬ ‫קדש דמלכים‬ ‫̇ב בו‬ ‫יעשו‬ ‫והנסך‬ ‫ויקדש דדבר ימים‬

180

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (14x) without a cj.

The additional notations of Kings to the 1 Kgs 8:64a reference and of Chronicles to the 2 Chr 7:7 reference serve to distinguish these two parallel passages one from the other. 8:64

‫ת־ה ִמּנְ ָחה‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬2

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above.

1 KINGS 8:65 ‫ד־נ ַ֣חל ִמ ְצ ַ ֗ריִ ם ִל ְפנֵ ֙י‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ָ֡חג וְ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֣אל ִﬠמּוֹ֩ ָק ָ֨הל גָּ ֜דוֹל ִמ ְלּ ֥בוֹא ֲח ָ ֣מת ׀ ַﬠ‬ ֶ ‫ת־ה ִ ֣היא ׀ ֶא‬ ַ ‫מה ָ ֽב ֵﬠ‬ ֹ ֣ �‫וַ יַּ ַ֣ﬠשׂ ְשׁ‬ ‫�הינוּ ִשׁ ְב ַ ֥ﬠת יָ ִ ֖מים וְ ִשׁ ְב ַﬠ֣ת יָ ִ ֑מים ַא ְר ָבּ ָ ֥ﬠה ָﬠ ָ ֖שׂר יֽ וֹם׃‬ ֵ֔ ‫הו֣ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫י‬ 8:65

‫וְ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬

Thirty-five times

‫̇ל ̇ה‬

Com.: See Josh 8:15. 8:65

Unique

Mp

‫ִשׁ ְב ַﬠת יָ ִמים וְ ִשׁ ְב ַﬠת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without ‫ה ָחג‬,ֶ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ִשׁ ְב ַﬠת יָ ִמים וְ ֶה ָחג ִשׁ ְב ַﬠת( וְ ֶה ָחג‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 7:9.

1 KINGS 8:66 ‫טּוֹבה ֲא ֶ֨שׁר‬ ָ֗ ‫ל־ה‬ ַ ‫וֹבי ֔ ֵלב ַﬠ֣ל ָכּ‬ ֵ ‫ים וְ ֣ט‬ ֙ ‫יהם ְשׂ ֵמ ִח‬ ֶ֗ ‫ת־ה ֶ ֑מּ ֶל� וַ יֵּ ְל ֣כוּ ְל ָא ֳה ֵל‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ֔ ָﬠם ַוֽ יְ ָב ֲר ֖כוּ ֶא‬ ָ ‫ַבּיּ֤ וֹם ַה ְשּׁ ִמינִ ֙י ִשׁ ַלּ֣ח ֶא‬ ‫וּליִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ַﬠ ֽמּוֹ׃‬ ְ ‫ָﬠ ָ ֤שׂה יְ הוָ ֙ה ְל ָדִו֣ד ַﬠ ְב ֔דּוֹ‬ 8:66

‫ַבּיּוֹם ַה ְשּׁ ִמינִ י‬

Three times at the beginning of a verse Num 7:54; 29:35; 1 Kgs 8:66

‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫ראש‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 KINGS

181

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma at the beginning of a verse without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its five occurrences at the beginning of a verse with a ‫ ו‬cj. 8:66

‫ְשׂ ֵמ ִחים‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 1:45. 8:66

‫טוֹבי‬ ֵ ְ‫ו‬

Three times

1 Kgs 8:66; Dan 1:4; 2 Chr 7:10

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in the pl., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (17x) in the sg. (‫)וְ טוֹב‬. 8:66

Six times

‫וּליִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ְ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 18:1; 32:13; Num 23:23; 1 Kgs 8:66; Mic 3:8 6 2 Chr 7:10 —————————— ‫וּליִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ְ six times

̇‫ולישׁראל ו‬

Mm

1–5 Exod 18:1 Exod 32:13 Num 23:23 Mic 3:8 1 Kgs 8:66 6 And its companion (2 Chr 7:10)

‫וישמע יתרו‬ ‫לאברהם‬ ‫מה פעל‬ ‫חטאתו‬ ‫ביום השמיני‬ ‫וחבירו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (51x) without a cj.

182

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 9:2 ‫מה ֵשׁ ִנ֑ית ַכּ ֲא ֶ ֛שׁר נִ ְר ָ ֥אה ֵא ָל֖יו ְבּגִ ְב ֽﬠוֹן׃‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ל־שׁ‬ ְ ‫הו֛ה ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫וַ יֵּ ָ ֧רא י‬

9:2

‫וַ יֵּ ָרא‬

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Com.: See Judg 6:12.

Mp

1 KINGS 9:3 ‫ת־ה ַ ֤בּיִ ת ַהזֶּ ֙ה‬ ַ ‫שׁר ִה ְת ַח ַנּ֣נְ ָתּה ְל ָפנַ י֒ ִה ְק ַ ֗דּ ְשׁ ִתּי ֶא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ת־תּ ִחנָּ ְת ֮� ֲא‬ ְ ‫ת־תּ ִפ ָלּ ְת�֣ וְ ֶא‬ ְ ‫הוה ֵא ֗ ָליו ָ֠שׁ ַמ ְﬠ ִתּי ֶא‬ ָ֜ ְ‫אמר י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫ל־היָּ ִ ֽמים׃‬ ַ ‫־עוֹל֑ם וְ ָהי֨ וּ ֵﬠ ַינ֧י וְ ִל ִ ֛בּי ָ ֖שׁם ָכּ‬ ָ ‫וּם־שׁ ִ ֥מי ָ ֖שׁם ַﬠד‬ ְ ‫שׁר ָבּ ֔ ִנ ָתה ָל ֽשׂ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ֲא‬ 9:3

‫אמר יְ הוָ ה ֵא ָליו‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬

Six times at the beginning of a verse

‫פס‬ ̇ ‫רא‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 4:11; Deut 34:4; 1 Kgs 9:3; 19:15; Ezek 9:4 6 Hos 1:4 ——————————

‫אמר יְ הוָ ה ֵא ָליו‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ וַ יּ‬six times at the beginning of a verse

‫ויאמר יהוה אליו ו̇ ראש פסוק‬

1–5 Exod 4:11 Deut 34:4 �‫ת־תּ ִפ ָלּ ְת‬ ְ ‫ ָשׁ ַמ ְﬠ ִתּי ֶא‬of Kings (1 Kgs 9:3) �‫ ֵל� שׁוּב ְל ַד ְר ְכּ‬of Kings (1 Kgs 19:15) Ezek 9:4 6 ‫ ְק ָרא ְשׁמוֹ יִ זְ ְר ֶﬠאל‬of The Twelve (Hos 1:4)

Mm

‫מי שם פה לאדם‬ ‫זאת הארץ אשר‬ ‫שמעתי את תפלתך דמלכים‬ ‫דמל‬ ̇ ‫לך שוב לדרכך‬ ‫והתוית תו‬ ‫קרא שמו יזרעאל דתרי עשרה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma at the beginning of a verse, to distinguish them from its four occurrences in the middle of a verse.

The additional notation of Kings to the 1 Kgs 9:3 reference is to distinguish it from its parallel in 1 Kgs 9:19 where the lemma appears as ‫אמר לוֹ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬. The additional notations to the catchwords of 1 Kgs 19:15 and Hos 1:4 are for reference purposes since the catchwords only occur in these verses.

1 KINGS 9:3

‫ִה ְת ַחנַּ נְ ָתּה‬

Unique plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

183

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here, and in MC, of unique plene is inexact since there are no other occurrences of this lemma. The note more precisely should have read unique and plene.

This lemma is one of twenty such forms that are written plene ‫ ה‬at the end of their words; see 2 Sam 2:26, sub ‫יָ ַד ְﬠ ָתּה‬. MA has a circellus here but no note. 9:3

‫ָבּנִ ָתה‬

Unique written like this

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written this way, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence written plene ‫ י‬and defective ‫ית( ה‬ ָ ִ‫)בּנ‬ ָ at Deut 6:10.

This lemma is one of twenty such forms that are written plene ‫ ה‬at the end of their words; see 2 Sam 2:26, sub ‫יָ ַד ְﬠ ָתּה‬.

1 KINGS 9:4 ‫וּמ ְשׁ ָפּ ַ ֖טי‬ ִ ‫יתי� ֻח ַ ֥קּי‬ ֑ ִ ִ‫שׁר ִצוּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וּב ֔י ֹ ֶשׁר ַל ֲﬠ ֕שׂוֹת ְכּ ֖כֹל ֲא‬ ְ ‫ם־ל ָ ֣בב‬ ֵ ‫ם־תּ ֵל֣� ְל ָפ ֗ ַני ַכּ ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ָה ֜ ַל� ָדִּו֤ד ָא ִ֨ב ֙י� ְבּ ָת‬ ֵ ‫וְ ַא ָ֞תּה ִא‬ ‫מר׃‬ ֹ ֽ ‫ִתּ ְשׁ‬ 9:4

‫אַתּה‬ ָ֞ ְ‫ו‬

Three times with the accent (geršayim) in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

1–5 1 Kgs 1:13 (‫;)אַתּה‬ ָ֞ 8:43 (‫;)אַתּה‬ ָ֞ 8:53 (‫;)אַתּה‬ ָ֞ 9:4; 18:9 (‫)אַתּה‬ ָ֞

Mp

Com.: The problem with the Mp heading here of three times with the accent (geršayim) in the book is that this lemma, with and without a ‫ ו‬cj., occurs five times with this accent in the book. MA has no note here but MC reads three times with this accent in this section (‫)בע‬. ̇ The section is 1 Kings 8:12–9:9, Solomon’s prayer and its response. The editor of MC (Castro, Reyes, 79) provides the references as ‫( וְ ַﬠ ָ֞תּה‬1 Kgs 8:25), ‫אַתּה‬ ָ֞ (8:43), and ‫אַתּה‬ ָ֞ ְ‫( ו‬here). He includes the form ‫ וְ ַﬠ ָ֞תּה‬on the basis of both the Mp and Mm of 1 Kgs 8:25, which also has the heading three times with this accent in this section (‫)בע‬ ̇ [the Mm mistakenly reads ‫בס‬ ̇ in the book instead of ‫בע‬ ̇ in this section], and where the Mm gives catchwords for the three verses: 1 Kgs 8:25, 8:43, and 9:4. However, since a fourth form of this lemma ‫אַתּה‬ ָ֞ occurs in 8:53 (within the section of 8:12–9:9), the note most probably should be restricted to occurrences at the beginning of a

184

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

verse. Because, whereas the first three forms noted above all occur at the beginning of a verse, the one at 8:53 does not. 9:4

‫וּבי ֶֹשׁר‬ ְ

‫וּבי ֶֹשׁר‬ ְ twice

‫ובישר ̇ב‬

Mm

Deut 9:5 ‫לא בצדקתך ובישר לבבך‬ 1 Kgs 9:4 ‫כאשר הלך‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its two occurrences without a cj. at Ps 119:7 and 1 Chr 29:17.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words beginning with ‫ וב‬that only occur twice; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §62, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §63. 9:4

�‫יתי‬ ִ ִ‫ְכּכֹל ֲא ֶשׁר ִצוּ‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Exod 31:11 (�‫ית‬ ִ ִ‫;)צוּ‬ ִ 1 Kgs 9:4; Jer 50:21; 2 Chr 7:17 —————————— �‫יתי‬ ִ ִ‫ ְכּכֹל ֲא ֶשׁר ִצוּ‬four times

‫ככל אשר צויתיך ̇ד‬

Exod 31:11 1 Kgs 9:4 And its companion (2 Chr 7:17) Jer 50:21

Mm

‫ואת שמן המשחה ואת קטרת‬ ‫ואתה אם תלך לפני‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫על הארץ מרתים עלה עליה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a 2nd pers. sfx., to distinguish them from its sole occurrence without this sfx. at Exod 29:35 (‫יתי ְכּכֹל ֲא ֶשׁר‬ ִ ִ‫)צוּ‬. ִ

1 KINGS 9:5 ‫מר ֽל ֹא־יִ ָכּ ֵ ֤רת ְל ֙� ִ֔אישׁ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫ל־דִּו֤ד ָא ִ֨ב ֙י� ֵלא‬ ָ ‫שׁר ִדּ ַ֗בּ ְר ִתּי ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ת־כּ ֵ ֧סּא ַ ֽמ ְמ ַל ְכ ְתּ�֛ ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ְלע ָֹל֑ם ַכּ ֲא‬ ִ ‫וַ ֲה ִ֨קמ ִֹ֜תי ֶא‬ ‫ֵמ ַ ֖ﬠל ִכּ ֵ ֥סּא יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ 9:5

‫ְלע ָֹלם‬

Eighteen times defective Com.: See 1 Kgs 1:31.

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ח‬

Mp

1 KINGS 9:5

‫ל־דּוִ ד‬ ָ ‫ַﬠ‬

Five times

185

Mp

‫̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 9:5; 1 Chr 12:20 (‫;)דּוִ יד‬ ָ 12:23 (‫;)דּוִ יד‬ ָ 12:24 (‫;)דּוִ יד‬ ָ 15:27 (‫ל־דּוִ יד‬ ָ ‫)וְ ַﬠ‬ —————————— ‫ל־דּוִ ד‬ ָ ‫ ַﬠ‬five times

‫על דוד ̇ה‬

Mm

1–5 1 Kgs 9:5 1 Chr 12:20 And one after it (1 Chr 12:23)

1 Chr 15:27

‫והקמתי את כסא‬ [‫)בראשנו( ]בראשינו‬ ‫ושל אחריו‬

‫)ודוד( ]ודויד[ מכרבל במעיל בוץ‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with ‫ﬠל‬, ַ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (77x) with ‫ ֶאל ָדּוִ יד( ֶאל‬/‫) ֶאל ָדּוִ ד‬.

1 KINGS 9:6 ‫וֹתי ֻחקּ ַֹ֔תי ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר נָ ַ ֖ת ִתּי ִל ְפנֵ ֶיכ֑ם וַ ֲה ַל ְכ ֶ֗תּם וַ ֲﬠ ַב ְד ֶתּ ֙ם‬ ֣ ַ ‫רוּ ִמ ְצ‬ ֙ ‫יכ ֙ם ֵ ֽמ ַא ֲח ַ ֔רי וְ ֤ל ֹא ִת ְשׁ ְמ‬ ֶ ֵ‫וּבנ‬ ְ ‫ם־שׁוֹב ְתּ ֻשׁ ֜בוּן ַא ֶ ֤תּם‬ ֨ ‫ִא‬ ‫יתם ָל ֶ ֽהם׃‬ ֖ ֶ ִ‫�הים ֲא ֵח ִ ֔רים וְ ִה ְשׁ ַתּ ֲחו‬ ֣ ִ ‫ֱא‬ 9:6

‫ְתּ ֻשׁבוּן‬

Unique written like this

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective first ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence written plene first ‫)תּשׁוּבוּן( ו‬ ְ in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 7:19. 9:6

‫קּוֹתי‬ ַ ‫וֹתי ֻח‬ ַ ‫ִמ ְצ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Gen 26:5; 1 Kgs 9:6 (‫;)חקּ ַֹתי‬ ֻ 2 Kgs 17:13

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with a cj. (‫וֹתי וְ ֻחקּ ַֹתי‬ ַ ‫ ) ִמ ְצ‬at 1 Kgs 11:34.

186 9:6

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫יכם‬ ֶ ֵ‫נָ ַת ִתּי ִל ְפנ‬

Six times

Mp

̇‫ו‬

1–5 Deut 1:8; 1 Kgs 9:6; Jer 26:4; 44:10; 2 Chr 7:19

Com.: The Mp heading here of six times is incorrect since there are only five occurrences of this lemma.

The Masorah notes the five occurrences of ‫ נָ ַת ִתּי‬with ‫יכם‬ ֶ ֵ‫ל ְפנ‬,ִ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) with ‫)נָ ַת ִתּי ָל ֶכם( ָל ֶכם‬. Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.) suggest that the sixth occurrence is that of ‫נָ ַת ִתּי‬ ‫יהם‬ ֶ ֵ‫ ִל ְפנ‬of Jer 9:12. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 9:7 ‫שׁר ִה ְק ַ ֣דּ ְשׁ ִתּי ִל ְשׁ ִ֔מי ֲא ַשׁ ַלּ֖ח ֵמ ַﬠ֣ל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ת־ה ַ֨בּיִ ֙ת ֲא‬ ַ ‫שׁר נָ ַ ֣ת ִתּי ָל ֶ֔הם וְ ֶא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וְ ִה ְכ ַר ִ ֣תּי ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ֵמ ֨ ַﬠל ְפּ ֵנ֤י ָה ֲא ָד ָמ ֙ה ֲא‬ ‫ל־ה ַﬠ ִ ֽמּים׃‬ ָ ‫ָפּ ָנ֑י וְ ָה ָי֧ה יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֛אל ְל ָמ ָ ֥שׁל וְ ִל ְשׁנִ ָינ֖ה ְבּ ָכ‬ 9:7

‫ת־ה ַבּיִ ת‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Lev 14:41; 1 Kgs 9:7; 2 Kgs 23:27; 2 Chr 3:5; 7:20

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (35x) without a cj. 9:7

‫ֲא ַשׁ ַלּח‬

Nine times

‫̇ט‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 38:17; Exod 8:24; 10:10; 23:27; Deut 32:24 6–9 1 Kgs 9:7; Ezek 5:16; 14:19; 2 Chr 7:13

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences of this lemma in the piel, to distinguish them from its ten occurrences in the qal (‫)א ְשׁ ַלח‬. ֶ The Mp heading at 2 Chr 7:13 reads nine times and once ‫וַ ֲא ַשׁ ַלּח( ואשלח‬, Zech 8:10).

1 KINGS 9:7

‫וְ ִל ְשׁנִ ינָ ה‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

187

Mp

Deut 28:37; 1 Kgs 9:7; 2 Chr 7:20

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its sole occurrence without a cj. at Jer 24:9.

1 KINGS 9:8 ‫ל־מה ָﬠ ָ ֤שׂה יְ הוָ ֙ה ָ֔כּ ָכה ָל ָ ֥א ֶרץ ַה ֖זּ ֹאת וְ ַל ַ ֥בּיִ ת‬ ֶ֨ ‫וְ ַה ַ ֤בּיִ ת ַהזֶּ ֙ה יִ ְה ֶי֣ה ֶﬠ ְלי֔ וֹן ָכּל־ע ֵ ֹ֥בר ָﬠ ָל֖יו יִ ֣שּׁ ֹם וְ ָשׁ ָ ֑רק וְ ָא ְמ ֗רוּ ַﬠ‬ ‫ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ 9:8

‫וְ ָשׁ ָרק‬

Unique with qameṣ

‫֗ ָל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ר‬, to distinguish it from its occurrence with a paṯaḥ (‫ )וְ ָשׁ ַרק‬at Isa 5:26.

1 KINGS 9:9 ‫א�הים ֲא ֵח ִ ֔רים‬ ֣ ִ ‫קוּ ֵבּ‬ ֙ ‫ם ַוֽ יַּ ֲח ִ֨ז‬ ֒ ִ‫ת־אב ָֹת ֮ם ֵמ ֶ ֣א ֶרץ ִמ ְצ ַרי‬ ֲ ‫הוֹציא ֶא‬ ֣ ִ ‫יהם ֲא ֶ֨שׁר‬ ֶ֗ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫הו֣ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫וְ ָא ְמ ֗רוּ ַﬠ ֩ל ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ָﬠזְ ֜בוּ ֶאת־י‬ ‫ל־ה ָר ָ ֖ﬠה ַה ֽזּ ֹאת׃ פ‬ ָ ‫יהם ֵ ֥את ָכּ‬ ֶ֔ ‫ל־כּן ֵה ִ ֤ביא יְ הוָ ֙ה ֲﬠ ֵל‬ ֵ֗ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַתּ ֲחֻ ֥וּ ָל ֶ ֖הם וַ יַּ ַﬠ ְב ֻד֑ם ַﬠ‬ 9:9

‫ֲאב ָֹתם‬

Three times defective in the Prophets 1 Kgs 9:9; 14:22; 2 Kgs 17:41

‫בנב‬ ̇ ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in the Prophets written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (23x) in the Prophets written plene ‫בוֹתם( ו‬ ָ ‫)א‬. ֲ 9:9

‫וַ יַּ ֲחזִ קוּ‬

Three times defective

Com.: See 2 Sam 2:16.

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

188

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

9:9

‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַתּ ֲחוּ‬

Read ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַתּ ֲחווּ‬

Mp

‫קר‬ ̇ ‫וישתחוו‬

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ )וישתחו‬and qərê (‫ )וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַתּ ֲחווּ‬represent examples where the text, in accordance with older orthography, writes only one of two adjoining and identical vowel-letters; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 96.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ ו‬which is not written is read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §119, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §105. In ML this lemma has no circellus.

1 KINGS 9:10 ‫ת־בּית ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ֥ ֵ ‫הו֖ה וְ ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫ת־בּית י‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ת־שׁ ֵנ֣י ַה ָבּ ִ ֑תּים ֶא‬ ְ ‫מה ֶא‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ר־בּ ָנ֥ה ְשׁ‬ ָ ‫וַ יְ ִ֗הי ִמ ְק ֵצ ֙ה ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֣רים ָשׁ ֔ ָנה ֲא ֶשׁ‬ 9:10

‫וַ יְ ִהי ִמ ְק ֵצה‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See Josh 3:2.

Mp

1 KINGS 9:11 ‫מה‬ ֹ ֤ �‫ל־ח ְפ ֑צוֹ ָ֡אז יִ ֵתּן֩ ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ֶ ‫וּבזָּ ָ ֖הב ְל ָכ‬ ַ ‫רוֹשׁים‬ ֛ ִ ‫וּב ֲﬠ ֵצ֧י ְב‬ ַ ‫מה ַבּ ֲﬠ ֵצי֩ ֲא ָר ִ֨זים‬ ֹ ֜ �‫ת־שׁ‬ ְ ‫ירם ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־ ֠צֹר נִ ָ֨שּׂא ֶא‬ ֣ ָ ‫ִח‬ ‫ְל ִח ָיר ֙ם ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֣רים ֔ ִﬠיר ְבּ ֶ ֖א ֶרץ ַהגָּ ִ ֽליל׃‬ 9:11

‫נִ ָשּׂא‬

Six times

̇‫ו‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 19:43. 9:11

Unique

‫ל־ח ְפצוֹ‬ ֶ ‫ְל ָכ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫ל‬, to distinguish it from its occurrence without this preposition at 1 Kgs 5:24.

‫‪1 KINGS‬‬

‫‪189‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 9:12‬‬ ‫מה וְ ֥ל ֹא יָ ְשׁ ֖רוּ ְבּ ֵﬠ ָינֽיו׃‬ ‫ת־ה ָﬠ ִ ֔רים ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר נָ ַתן־ל֖ וֹ ְשׁ� ֑ ֹ‬ ‫אוֹת ֶא ֶ ֣‬ ‫וַ יֵּ ֵצ֤א ִח ָיר ֙ם ִמ ֔צֹּר ִל ְר ֙‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫וְ לֹא יָ ְשׁרוּ‬

‫‪9:12‬‬ ‫‪Unique‬‬

‫̇ל‬

‫‪1 KINGS 9:13‬‬ ‫אמר ָ ֚מה ֶה ָﬠ ִ ֣רים ָה ֵ֔א ֶלּה ֲא ֶשׁר־נָ ַ ֥ת ָתּה ִ ֖לּי ָא ִ ֑חי וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֤רא ָל ֶה ֙ם ֶ ֣א ֶרץ ָכּ ֔בוּל ַ ֖ﬠד ַהיּ֥ וֹם ַה ֶזּֽה׃ פ‬ ‫וַ ֕יּ ֹ ֶ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ֶא ֶרץ ָכּבוּל‬

‫‪9:13‬‬ ‫‪Unique‬‬

‫̇ל‬

‫‪1 KINGS 9:15‬‬ ‫וֹמת‬ ‫ת־ה ִמּ ֔לּוֹא וְ ֵ ֖את ח ַ ֣‬ ‫יתוֹ וְ ֶא ַ‬ ‫ת־בּ ֙‬ ‫הו֤ה וְ ֶא ֵ‬ ‫ת־בּית יְ ָ‬ ‫נוֹת ֶא ֵ֨‬ ‫מה ִל ְב ֩‬ ‫ר־ה ֱﬠ ָל֣ה ׀ ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ� ֗ ֹ‬ ‫ר־ה ַ֜מּס ֲא ֶ ֽשׁ ֶ‬ ‫וְ ֶ֨זה ְד ַב ַ‬ ‫ת־גּ זֶ ר׃‬ ‫ת־מגִ ֖דּוֹ וְ ֶא ָ ֽ‬ ‫ת־ח ֥צֹר וְ ֶא ְ‬ ‫רוּשׁ ָל֑� וְ ֶא ָ‬ ‫יְ ָ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫וְ זֶ ה‬

‫ראש פסוק‬ ‫̇‬ ‫̇כ ̇ג‬

‫‪9:15‬‬

‫‪Twenty-three times at the beginning of a verse‬‬ ‫‪Com.: See 1 Sam 2:34.‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ת־בּיתוֹ‬ ‫וְ ֶא ֵ‬ ‫ז̇‬

‫‪9:15‬‬

‫‪Seven times‬‬

‫‪Com.: See 2 Sam 19:42.‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ָחצֹר‬

‫חס‬ ‫̇ל ̇‬

‫‪9:15‬‬

‫‪Unique defective‬‬

‫‪, to distinguish‬ו ‪Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective‬‬ ‫‪).‬חצוֹר( ו ‪them from its more numerous occurrences (16x) written plene‬‬ ‫ָ‬

190

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 9:16

‫ת־ה ְכּנַ ֲﬠ ִנ֛י ַהיּ ֵ ֹ֥שׁב ָבּ ִ ֖ﬠיר ָה ָ ֑רג ַ ֽו יִּ ְתּנָ ֙הּ ִשׁ ֻלּ ִ֔חים‬ ֽ ַ ‫ת־גּזֶ ֙ר וַ יִּ ְשׂ ְר ָפ֣הּ ָבּ ֵ֔אשׁ וְ ֶא‬ ֶ ֨ ‫�־מ ְצ ַ ֜ריִ ם ָﬠ ֗ ָלה וַ יִּ ְל ֤כֹּד ֶא‬ ִ ‫ַפּ ְר ֨עֹה ֶ ֽמ ֶל‬ ‫מה׃‬ ֹ ֽ �‫ְל ִב ֖תּוֹ ֵ ֥א ֶשׁת ְשׁ‬ 9:16

‫ַפּ ְרעֹה‬

Twice at the beginning of a verse Gen 41:10; 1 Kgs 9:16

‫פס‬ ̇ ‫רא‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

——————————

‫ ַפּ ְרעֹה‬twice at the beginning of a verse

Gen 41:10 1 Kgs 9:16

‫פרעה ̇ב ראש פסוק‬

Mm

‫פרעה קצף על עבדיו‬ ‫פרעה מלך מצרים עלה וילכד את גזר‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj. at the beginning of a verse, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with a ‫ ו‬cj. at the beginning of a verse at Exod 14:10. 9:16

‫וַ יִּ ְשׂ ְר ָפהּ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

9:16

‫ת־ה ְכּנַ ֲﬠנִ י‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 15:21; 1 Kgs 9:16

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (12x) without a cj. 9:16

‫ִשׁ ֻלּ ִחים‬

Twice, once defective and once plene 1 Kgs 9:16; Mic 1:14 (‫לּוּחים‬ ִ ‫)שׁ‬ ִ

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫חס וחד‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

Mp

1 KINGS

191

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written defective ‫( ו‬here), and one written plene ‫( ו‬Mic 1:14). The Mp heading at Mic 1:14 reads the reverse: twice, one plene and once defective (‫)ו‬.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets that have the same meaning; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §70, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §13.

1 KINGS 9:17 ‫ת־בּית חֹ ֖ר ֹן ַתּ ְח ֽתּוֹן׃‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ת־גּזֶ ר וְ ֶא‬ ָ ֔ ‫וַ יִּ ֶ֤בן ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ֶא‬ 9:17

‫֔ ָגּזֶ ר‬

Unique zaqeṕ qameṣ

‫זקפ קמצ‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the occurrence of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ג‬, instead of an expected səḡôl, because of the zaqeṕ accent.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words occurring only once with a qameṣ and zaqeṕ; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §21, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §22.

1 KINGS 9:18 ‫מר ַבּ ִמּ ְד ָ ֖בּר ָבּ ָ ֽא ֶרץ׃‬ ֹ ֥ ‫ת־תּ‬ ַ ‫ת־בּ ֲﬠ ָל֛ת וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶ ֽא‬ 9:18

‫ָתּ ָמר‬

Read ‫ַתּ ְד ָמר‬

‫תדמר ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫תמר‬, Tamar), and the qərê (‫תּ ְד ָמר‬,ַ Tadmor) are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations where the kəṯîḇ is generally regarded as preferable; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 148–49.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ ד‬is not written in the middle of a word, but it is read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §181.

192

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 9:19

‫מה ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר‬ ֹ ֗ �‫מה וְ ֵא ֙ת ָﬠ ֵ ֣רי ָה ֶ ֔ר ֶכב וְ ֵ ֖את ָﬠ ֵ ֣רי ַה ָפּ ָר ִ ֑שׁים וְ ֵ ֣את ׀ ֵ ֣ח ֶשׁק ְשׁ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫שׁר ָהי֣ וּ ִל ְשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫נוֹת ֲא‬ ֙ ‫ל־ﬠ ֵ ֤רי ַ ֽה ִמּ ְס ְכּ‬ ָ ‫וְ ֵ֨את ָכּ‬ ‫וּב ֖כֹל ֶ ֥א ֶרץ ֶמ ְמ ַשׁ ְל ֽתּוֹ׃‬ ְ ‫וּב ְלּ ָבנ֔ וֹן‬ ַ ‫ירוּשׁ ֨ ַל ִ ֙ם‬ ָ ‫ָח ַשׁ ֙ק ִל ְבנ֤ וֹת ִבּ‬ 9:19

‫וְ ֵאת‬

Twenty-six verses containing the sequence ‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬ 1–5 6–10 11–15 16–20 21–25 26

‫̇כו̇ פסוק ואת ואת ואת ואת‬

Gen 15:21; 34:29; Exod 30:28; 31:9; 35:14 Exod 38:31; 39:38; Lev 11:16; Deut 14:15; Josh 10:37 Josh 21:14; 21:15; 21:22; 1 Sam 8:16; 1 Kgs 7:45 1 Kgs 9:19; Jer 25:23; Esth 9:9; 1 Chr 6:44; 6:53 1 Chr 6:54; 6:58; 6:60; 6:64; 6:66 2 Chr 4:16

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the twenty-six verses containing the sequence ‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫;וְ ֶאת‬ see Jobin, Concordance, 89–90. In ML this lemma has no circellus. 9:19

‫וְ ֵאת ָﬠ ֵרי‬2

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 9:19a; 9:19b; Jer 9:10; 25:18; 34:22 6–7 Zech 1:12; 2 Chr 8:6 —————————— ‫ וְ ֵאת ָﬠ ֵרי‬seven times

̇‫ואת ערי ז‬

Mm

1–5 1 Kgs 9:19a Twice in the verse (1 Kgs 9:19b) ‫ וְ ֶאת ַבּ ֲﬠ ָלת‬of Chronicles (2 Chr 8:6) Jer 9:10 Jer 25:18 6–7 Jer 34:22 Zech 1:12

‫ואת כל ערי המסכנות‬ ‫שנים בפסוקה‬ ‫ואת בעלת דדברי הימים‬ ‫ונתתי את ירושלם‬ ‫את ירושלם ואת ערי‬ ‫הנני מצוה‬ ‫ויען מלאך יהוה‬

1 KINGS

193

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its eight occurrences without a cj.

The additional notation of Chronicles to the 2 Chr 8:6 reference is simply to distinguish it from its parallel in 1 Kgs 9:19 which is also in the list. 9:19

‫וּב ְלּ ָבנוֹן‬ ַ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 9:19; 2 Chr 8:6

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in these parallel passages with a ‫ו‬ cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) without a cj. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words beginning with ‫ וב‬that only occur twice; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §62. 9:19

Five times

‫וּבכֹל ֶא ֶרץ‬ ְ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 41:54; Exod 8:20; Lev 25:24; 1 Kgs 9:19; 2 Chr 8:6

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (22x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 9:20 ‫א־מ ְבּ ֵנ֥י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ֵ ֽה ָמּה׃‬ ִ ֹ ‫בוּסי ֲא ֶ ֛שׁר ֽל‬ ִ֔ ְ‫ן־ה ֱאמ ִ ֹ֜רי ַה ִח ִ ֤תּי ַה ְפּ ִרזִּ ֙י ַה ִחִוּ֣י וְ ַהי‬ ָ ‫נּוֹתר ִמ‬ ָ֨ ‫ל־ה ָﬠם ַה‬ ָ ֠ ‫ָכּ‬ 9:20

‫ל־ה ָﬠם‬ ָ ‫ָכּ‬

Three times at the beginning of a verse 1 Kgs 9:20; Ezek 45:16; 2 Chr 8:7

‫ראש פסוק‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, at the beginning of a verse without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its four occurrences at the beginning of a verse with a ‫ ו‬cj; see Josh 1:2.

194 9:20

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫בוּסי‬ ִ ְ‫ָה ֱאמ ִֹרי ַה ִח ִתּי ַה ְפּ ִרזִּ י ַה ִחוִּ י וְ ַהי‬ Mp

‫̇מ ̇ת ̇פ י̇ ̇ס‬

Com.: The Masorah note is in the form of a mnemonic indicating the order of the peoples in Canaan. Each letter represents one people; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §274, and Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §114. In ML this lemma has no circelli.

1 KINGS 9:21 ‫ימם וַ יַּ ֲﬠ ֵל֤ם ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ְל ַמס־ע ֵֹ֔בד ַ ֖ﬠד‬ ֑ ָ ‫יה ֙ם ָבּ ָ֔א ֶרץ ֲא ֶ ֧שׁר ֽל ֹא־יָ ְכל֛ וּ ְבּ ֵנ֥י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ְל ַ ֽה ֲח ִר‬ ֶ ‫יהם ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ֹנ ְת ֤רוּ ַא ֲח ֵר‬ ֶ֗ ֵ‫ְבּנ‬ ‫ַהיּ֥ וֹם ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ 9:21

‫יהם‬ ֶ ֵ‫ְבּנ‬

Unique at the beginning of a verse

‫פס‬ ̇ ‫רא‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrences of this lemma at the beginning of a verse without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its three occurrences at the beginning of a verse with a ‫ ו‬cj. This lemma features in a Masoretic list of words that occur only once at the beginning of a verse; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §175, and the Mm at Num 25:11 sub ‫פּינְ ָחס‬.ִ 9:21

‫ְל ַמס־ע ֵֹבד‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Gen 49:15; Josh 16:10; 1 Kgs 9:21 —————————— ‫ ְל ַמס־ע ֵֹבד‬three times Gen 49:15 Josh 16:10 {Josh 17:12} 1 Kgs 9:21

‫למס עבד ̇ג‬

‫ויט שכמו לסבל‬ ‫ויהי‬ {‫}ולא יכלו בני מנשה‬ ‫ויעלם שלמה למס עבד‬

Mm

1 KINGS

195

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of ‫ ְל ַמס‬with ‫ע ֵֹבד‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (10x) without ‫ ְל ַמס( ע ֵֹבד‬/‫) ָל ַמס‬. In the Mm after the catchword for Josh 16:10, catchwords from Josh 17:12 are mistakenly given.

1 KINGS 9:22 ‫וּפ ָר ָ ֽשׁיו׃ ס‬ ָ ‫שׁי ַה ִמּ ְל ָח ָ֗מה וַ ֲﬠ ָב ָד ֙יו וְ ָשׂ ָ ֣ריו וְ ָשׁ ִל ָ֔שׁיו וְ ָשׂ ֵ ֥רי ִר ְכ ֖בּוֹ‬ ֣ ֵ ְ‫י־הם ַאנ‬ ֵ֞ ‫מה ָ ֑ﬠ ֶבד ִכּ‬ ֹ ֖ �‫וּמ ְבּנֵ ֙י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ֽל ֹא־נָ ַ ֥תן ְשׁ‬ ִ 9:22 Unique

‫וּמ ְבּנֵ י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ִ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the inseparable prep. ‫מ‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with the separable prep. ‫וּמן ְבּנֵ י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל( ִמן‬ ִ ), which occurs in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 8:9.

1 KINGS 9:23 ‫אכה׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫מה ֲח ִמ ִ ֖שּׁים וַ ֲח ֵ ֣משׁ ֵמ ֑אוֹת ָהר ִ ֹ֣דים ָבּ ֔ ָﬠם ָהע ִ ֹ֖שׂים ַבּ ְמּ ָל‬ ֹ ֔ �‫אכ ֙ה ִל ְשׁ‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ְמּ ָל‬ ַ ‫ֵ ֣א ֶלּה ׀ ָשׂ ֵ ֣רי ַהנִּ ָצּ ִ֗בים ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ַﬠ‬ 9:23

‫ֵא ֶלּה‬

Seven times at the beginning of a verse in the Prophets

‫בנביא‬ ̇ ‫ראש פסוק‬ ̇ ̇‫ז‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 23:22.

1 KINGS 9:25 ‫יהוה וְ ַה ְק ֵ ֣טיר ִא ֔תּוֹ ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י‬ ָ֔ ‫שׁר ָבּ ָנ֣ה ַל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ֨בּ ַ ֙� ֲא‬ ַ ‫וּשׁ ָל ִ֗מים ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫מה ָשׁ�שׁ֩ ְפּ ָﬠ ִ֨מים ַבּ ָשּׁ ֜ ָנה עֹל֣ וֹת‬ ֹ ֡ �‫וְ ֶה ֱﬠ ָל֣ה ְשׁ‬ ‫ת־ה ָ ֽבּיִ ת׃‬ ַ ‫הו֑ה וְ ִשׁ ַ ֖לּם ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫י‬ 9:25

‫וְ ַה ְק ֵטיר‬

Unique plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here, and in MA, of unique plene is inexact since there is no other occurrence of this lemma. The note more precisely should have read unique and plene.

MC correctly reads superfluous ‫ י‬because the expected form (of the hiphil infin. absol.) ought to be written defective, just as the parallel form without the ‫ ו‬cj. ‫( ַה ְק ֵטר‬hiphil imper.) is written defective ‫ י‬in 2 Kgs 16:55.

196 9:25

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וְ ִשׁ ַלּם‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Lev 5:24; 1 Kgs 9:25; Job 8:6

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its sole occurrence without a cj. at Judg 1:7.

1 KINGS 9:27 ‫מה׃‬ ֹ ֽ �‫שׁי ֳאנִ יּ֔ וֹת י ְֹד ֵ ֖ﬠי ַהיָּ ֑ם ִ ֖ﬠם ַﬠ ְב ֵ ֥די ְשׁ‬ ֣ ֵ ְ‫ת־ﬠ ָב ָ ֔דיו ַאנ‬ ֲ ‫ירם ָ ֽבּ ֳאנִ ֙י ֶא‬ ֤ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ֨ ַלח ִח‬ 9:27

‫ָבּ ֳאנִ י‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish it from its five occurrences without this preposition. 9:27

‫י ְֹד ֵﬠי ַהיָּ ם‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of two-word phrases that occur once with the def. article within the phrase (here), and once without this def. article (‫ )י ְֹד ֵﬠי יָ ם‬in the parallel passage of 2 Chr 8:18; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §3, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §3.

1 KINGS 9:28 ‫מה׃ פ‬ ֹ ֽ �‫ל־ה ֶ ֥מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ַ ‫ע־מ ֥אוֹת וְ ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֖רים ִכּ ָ ֑כּר וַ יָּ ִ ֖באוּ ֶא‬ ֵ ‫אוֹפ ָירה וַ יִּ ְק ֤חוּ ִמ ָשּׁ ֙ם זָ ָ֔הב ַא ְר ַבּ‬ ִ ֔ ‫וַ יָּ ֣בֹאוּ‬ 9:28

‫אוֹפ ָירה‬ ִ

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 9:28; 22:49; 2 Chr 8:18 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫אוֹפ ָירה‬ ִ three times, and their references 1 Kgs 9:28 And its companion (2 Chr 8:18) 1 Kgs 22:49 The last is written ‫אופירה‬

‫אופירה ̇ג וסימנהון‬

197 Mm

‫ויבאו אופירה‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫יהושפט עשה‬ ‫בתרייה אופירה כתב‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (6x) without this adverbial ending. The ending of the note about the different writing of the third form (at 1 Kgs 22:49) is in error since all three of the forms are written ‫אוֹפ ָירה‬. ִ

M, however, writes this third form defective ‫ ;)א ִֹפ ָירה( ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 118, so that the ending of the note in the Mm should probably have read the last (is written) ‫אפירה‬ (‫)א ִֹפ ָירה‬. 9:28

‫וַ יָּ ִבאוּ‬

Thirty-six times

Mp

̇‫̇לו‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 7:1.

1 KINGS 10:1 ‫הו֑ה וַ ָתּ ֥ב ֹא ְלנַ סּ ֹ֖תוֹ ְבּ ִח ֽידוֹת׃‬ ָ ְ‫שׁם י‬ ֣ ֵ ‫מה ְל‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ת־שׁ ַמע ְשׁ‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ת־שׁ ָ֗בא שׁ ַ ֹ֛מ ַﬠת ֶא‬ ְ ‫וּמ ְל ַכּ‬ ַֽ 10:1 Five times

‫שׁ ַֹמ ַﬠת‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 18:10; 27:5; 1 Kgs 10:1; Prov 15:31; 20:12 —————————— ‫ שׁ ַֹמ ַﬠת‬five times

1–5 Gen 18:10 Gen 27:5 1 Kgs 10:1 Prov 20:12 Prov 15:31

‫שמעת ̇ה‬

Mm

‫ושרה שמעת פתח‬ ‫ורבקה שמעת בדבר‬ ‫ומלכת שבא שמעת‬ ‫אזן שמעת ועין‬ ‫אזן שמעת תוכחת חיים‬

1 KINGS ‫אוֹפ ָירה‬ ִ three times, and their references 1 Kgs 9:28 And its companion (2 Chr 8:18) 1 Kgs 22:49 The last is written ‫אופירה‬

‫אופירה ̇ג וסימנהון‬

197 Mm

‫ויבאו אופירה‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫יהושפט עשה‬ ‫בתרייה אופירה כתב‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (6x) without this adverbial ending. The ending of the note about the different writing of the third form (at 1 Kgs 22:49) is in error since all three of the forms are written ‫אוֹפ ָירה‬. ִ

M, however, writes this third form defective ‫ ;)א ִֹפ ָירה( ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 118, so that the ending of the note in the Mm should probably have read the last (is written) ‫אפירה‬ (‫)א ִֹפ ָירה‬. 9:28

‫וַ יָּ ִבאוּ‬

Thirty-six times

Mp

̇‫̇לו‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 7:1.

1 KINGS 10:1 ‫הו֑ה וַ ָתּ ֥ב ֹא ְלנַ סּ ֹ֖תוֹ ְבּ ִח ֽידוֹת׃‬ ָ ְ‫שׁם י‬ ֣ ֵ ‫מה ְל‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ת־שׁ ַמע ְשׁ‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ת־שׁ ָ֗בא שׁ ַ ֹ֛מ ַﬠת ֶא‬ ְ ‫וּמ ְל ַכּ‬ ַֽ 10:1 Five times

‫שׁ ַֹמ ַﬠת‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 18:10; 27:5; 1 Kgs 10:1; Prov 15:31; 20:12 —————————— ‫ שׁ ַֹמ ַﬠת‬five times

1–5 Gen 18:10 Gen 27:5 1 Kgs 10:1 Prov 20:12 Prov 15:31

‫שמעת ̇ה‬

Mm

‫ושרה שמעת פתח‬ ‫ורבקה שמעת בדבר‬ ‫ומלכת שבא שמעת‬ ‫אזן שמעת ועין‬ ‫אזן שמעת תוכחת חיים‬

198

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ under the ‫מ‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with a qameṣ (‫ )שׁ ָֹמ ַﬠת‬at Prov 25:12.

This distinction is implied in the heading of the Mp at Gen 27:5, which reads five times with paṯaḥ (‫)ה‬, ַ thereby assuming a contrast with a form with a different vowel under the ‫מ‬, which can only be a qameṣ. 10:1

Five times

‫ֵשׁ ַמע‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 29:13; Exod 23:1; 1 Kgs 10:1; Isa 23:5; 2 Chr 9:1

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma without a prep., possibly to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a ‫ כ‬at Isa 23:5 and Hos 7:12, and from its two occurrences with a ‫ ל‬at Ps 18:45 and Job 42:5. 10:1

‫ְלנַ סֹּתוֹ‬

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence written plene ‫)לנַ סּוֹתוֹ( ו‬ ְ at 2 Chr 32:31.

1 KINGS 10:2 ‫מה‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ל־שׁ‬ ְ ‫אד וְ ֶ ֣א ֶבן יְ ָק ָ ֑רה וַ ָתּב ֹ ֙א ֶא‬ ֹ ֖ ‫ב־מ‬ ְ ‫אד֒ ְ֠גּ ַמ ִלּים נ ְֹשׂ ִ֨אים ְבּ ָשׂ ִ ֧מים וְ זָ ָ ֛הב ַר‬ ֹ ‫רוּשׁ ֗ ַ ְל ָמה ְבּ ַחיִ ֮ל ָכּ ֵ ֣בד ְמ‬ ָ ְ‫וַ ָתּ ֣ב ֹא י‬ ‫ם־ל ָב ָ ֽבהּ׃‬ ְ ‫ל־א ֶ ֥שׁר ָה ָי֖ה ִﬠ‬ ֲ ‫וַ ְתּ ַד ֵבּ֣ר ֵא ֔ ָליו ֵ ֛את ָכּ‬ 10:2

‫רוּשׁ ֗ ַ ְל ָמה‬ ָ ְ‫י‬

‫רוּשׁ ֗ ַ ְל ָמה‬ ָ ְ‫ י‬five times

‫ירושלמה ̇ה‬

Mm

1–5 1 Kgs 10:2 2 Kgs 9:28 ‫ וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַלח ֶמ ֶל�־אַשּׁוּר‬of Isaiah (Isa 36:2) Ezek 8:3 2 Chr 32:9 (‫רוּשׁ ַליְ ָמה‬ ָ ְ‫)י‬ The last one is plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫בתרי‬

‫ותבא ירושלמה‬ [‫)וירכב( ]וירכבו‬ ‫דישע‬ ̇ ‫וישלח מלך אשור‬ ‫תבנית יד‬ ‫אחר זה‬

1 KINGS

199

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma written with the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (300+) without this adverbial ending. This distinction is implied in the additional notation of Isaiah to the Isa 36:2 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Kgs 18:17, where the lemma occurs as ‫רוּשׁ ֔ ַל ִם‬ ָ ְ‫י‬. The Masorah also notes that at 2 Chr 32:9 the lemma is written plene ‫רוּשׁ ַליְ ָמה( י‬ ָ ְ‫)י‬.

1 KINGS 10:3 ‫ן־ה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ֲא ֶ ֧שׁר ֦ל ֹא ִה ִ ֖גּיד ָ ֽלהּ׃‬ ַ ‫א־ה ָי֤ה ָדּ ָב ֙ר נֶ ְﬠ ָל֣ם ִמ‬ ָ ֹ ‫יה ֽל‬ ָ ‫ל־דּ ָב ֶ ֑ר‬ ְ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫מה ֶא‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ד־להּ ְשׁ‬ ֥ ָ ֶ‫וַ יַּ גּ‬ 10:3

‫נֶ ְﬠ ָלם‬

Twice with qameṣ

‫קמ‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 10:3; Qoh 12:14

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written with a qameṣ, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence written with paṯaḥ (‫ )נֶ ְﬠ ַלם‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 9:2. 10:3

‫ֲא ֶ ֧שׁר ֦ל ֹא‬

Fourteen times with the accents (dargâ and mêrəḵâ kəṕulâ)

1–5 Gen 27:25; Exod 5:15; Lev 10:1; Num 14:3; 32:42 6–10 1 Kgs 10:3; 20:29; Ezek 14:4; Hab 1:3; Zech 3:2 11–14 Ezra 7:25; Neh 3:38; 2 Chr 9:2; 20:30

‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the fourteen occurrences of words containing the rare accent combination of dargâ and mêrəḵâ kəṕulâ.

1 KINGS 10:5 ‫א־היָ ה‬ ֥ ָ ֹ ‫הו֑ה וְ ל‬ ָ ְ‫וּמ ְשׁ ָ ֔קיו וְ ֣ﬠֹ ָל ֔תוֹ ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר יַ ֲﬠ ֶ ֖לה ֵבּ֣ית י‬ ַ ‫יה ֙ם‬ ֶ ‫וּמ ְל ֻ ֽבּ ֵשׁ‬ ַ ‫וּמ ֲﬠ ַ֨מד ְמ ָשׁ ְר ָ֜תו‬ ַ ֩‫וּמוֹשׁב ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו‬ ַ֣ ‫וּמ ֲא ַכ֣ל ֻשׁ ְל ָחנ֡ וֹ‬ ַ ‫ָ ֛בהּ ֖ﬠוֹד ֽר ַוּ�׃‬ 10:5 Four times

‫וּמ ֲא ַכל‬ ַ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Gen 40:17 (‫;)מ ֲא ַכל‬ ַ 1 Kgs 10:5; Job 33:20 (‫;)מ ֲא ַכל‬ ַ 2 Chr 9:4

200

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma that have a paṯaḥ under the ‫כ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous forms (14x) that have a qameṣ (‫וּמ ֲא ָכל‬ ַ /‫) ַמ ֲא ָכל‬.

This distinction is implied in the headings of the Mp headings at Job 33:20 (‫)ד‬ ֗ ַ and 2 Chr 9:4 and the Mm heading at Job 33:20 that read four times with paṯaḥ, thereby assuming a contrast with a form with a different vowel under the ‫כ‬, which can only be a qameṣ. The Mm at Job 33:20 is given in the form of an Aramaic mnemonic that reads “the basket by itself, the table, and its companion”; see Marcus, Scribal Wit, 134–35. 10:5

‫ְמ ָשׁ ְר ָתו‬

Read ‫ְמ ָשׁ ְר ָתיו‬

̇‫משרתיו קרי‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ )משרתו‬without a ‫ י‬represents the archaic form of the 3rd masc. sg. sfx. to a pl. noun, whereas the qərê (‫)מ ָשׁ ְר ָתיו‬ ְ with a ‫ י‬represents the later form; see Cohen, The Kethiḇ and Qeri System, 33. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena in which a ‫ י‬is read though it is not written; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §128, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §112. 10:5

‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫וּמ ְל ֻבּ ֵשׁ‬ ַ

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 10:5; 2 Chr 9:4a (‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫בּוּשׁ‬ ֵ ‫;)וּמ ְל‬ ַ 9:4b (‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫בּוּשׁ‬ ֵ ‫)וּמ ְל‬ ַ

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, twice written plene ‫ ו‬in the parallel passages of 2 Chr 9:4a and 9:4b, and once written defective ‫( ו‬here). 10:5

‫א־היָ ה‬ ָ ֹ ‫וְ ל‬

Twenty-seven times

Com.: See Josh 8:20.

̇‫̇כז‬

Mp

1 KINGS

201

1 KINGS 10:7 ‫הוֹס ְפ ָתּ ָח ְכ ָמ ֙ה וָ ֔טוֹב ֶאל־‬ ֤ ַ ‫ד־לי ַה ֵ ֑ח ִצי‬ ֖ ִ ַ‫א־הגּ‬ ֻ ֹ ‫אתי וַ ִתּ ְר ֶ ֣אינָ ה ֵﬠ ֔ ַיני וְ ִה ֵנּ֥ה ֽל‬ ֙ ִ ‫ר־בּ‬ ָ֨ ‫א־ה ֱא ַ ֣מנְ ִתּי ַל ְדּ ָב ִ ֗רים ַ ֤ﬠד ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וְ ֽל‬ ‫מוּﬠה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָשׁ ָ ֽמ ְﬠ ִתּי׃‬ ֖ ָ ‫ַה ְשּׁ‬ 10:7

‫הוֹס ְפ ָתּ‬ ַ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

10:7

‫וָ טוֹב‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma. MA has no note here, but MC correctly reads unique.

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 2:26.

1 KINGS 10:8 ‫ת־ח ְכ ָמ ֶ ֽת�׃‬ ָ ‫ַא ְשׁ ֵ ֣רי ֲאנָ ֶ֔שׁי� ַא ְשׁ ֵ ֖רי ֲﬠ ָב ֶד֣י� ֵ ֑א ֶלּה ָ ֽהע ְֹמ ִ ֤דים ְל ָפ ֨ ֶנ ֙י� ָתּ ִ֔מיד ַהשּׁ ְֹמ ִ ֖ﬠים ֶא‬ 10:8

�‫ֲאנָ ֶשׁי‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 10:8; 2 Chr 9:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in these parallel passages without prefixes, to distinguish them from its two occurrences with prefixes at Judg 8:15 (�‫)ל ֲאנָ ֶשׁי‬ ַ and 1 Sam 28:1 (�‫)וַ ֲאנָ ֶשׁי‬.

1 KINGS 10:9 ֣�‫ימ‬ ְ ‫הו֤ה ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ְלע ֔ ָֹלם וַ יְ ִ ֽשׂ‬ ָ ְ‫ל־כּ ֵ ֣סּא יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ְבּ ַא ֲה ַ֨בת י‬ ִ ‫�ה ֙י� ָבּ ֔רוּ� ֲא ֶשׁ ֙ר ָח ֵפ֣ץ ְבּ ֔� ְל ִת ְתּ�֖ ַﬠ‬ ֶ֨ ‫הו֤ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫יְ ִ֨הי י‬ ‫וּצ ָד ָ ֽ קה׃‬ ְ ‫ְל ֶ֔מ ֶל� ַל ֲﬠ ֥שׂוֹת ִמ ְשׁ ָ ֖פּט‬ 10:9

�‫�הי‬ ֶ ‫יְ ִהי יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 10:9; 2 Chr 9:8

202

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in these parallel passages with the 2nd pers. sg. sfx., to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with the 1st pers. pl. sfx. (‫�הינוּ‬ ֵ ‫ )יְ ִהי יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬at 1 Kgs 8:57. 10:9

‫ְלע ָֹלם‬

Eighteen times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ח‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 1:31.

Mp

1 KINGS 10:11 ‫אד וְ ֶ ֥א ֶבן יְ ָק ָ ֽרה׃‬ ֹ ֖ ‫אוֹפיר ֵה ִ֨ביא ֵמא ֜ ִֹפיר ֲﬠ ֵצ֧י ַא ְל ֻמ ִגּ֛ים ַה ְר ֵ ֥בּה ְמ‬ ֑ ִ ‫ירם ֲא ֶשׁר־נָ ָ ֥שׂא זָ ָ ֖הב ֵמ‬ ֔ ָ ‫וְ גַ ֙ם ֳא ִנ֣י ִח‬ 10:11 Unique

‫וְ גַ ם ֳאנִ י‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the phrase ‫ וְ גַ ם ֳאנִ י‬and also the fleet (of Hiram), to distinguish it from the phrase ‫ וְ גַ ם ַﬠ ְב ֵדי‬and also the servants (of Hiram) in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 9:10. 10:11

‫ֵמא ִֹפיר‬

Unique defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences written plene ‫אוֹפיר( ו‬ ִ ‫)מ‬ ֵ in this verse, and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 9:10.

1 KINGS 10:12 ‫א־כן ֲﬠ ֵצ֤י‬ ֵ֞ ‫וּל ֵב֣ית ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� וְ ִכנּ ֹ֥רוֹת וּנְ ָב ִ ֖לים ַל ָשּׁ ִ ֑רים ֣ל ֹא ָ ֽב‬ ְ ‫ת־ﬠ ֵ֨צי ָה ַא ְל ֻמ ֜ ִגּים ִמ ְס ָ ֤ﬠד ְל ֵבית־יְ הוָ ֙ה‬ ֲ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֣ﬠשׂ ֠ ַה ֶמּ ֶל� ֶא‬ ‫ים וְ ֣ל ֹא נִ ְר ָ֔אה ַ ֖ﬠד ַהיּ֥ וֹם ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ֙ ִ‫ַא ְל ֻמגּ‬ 10:12

‫אַל ֻמגִּ ים‬ ְ ‫ָה‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 10:12

‫ִמ ְס ָﬠד‬

Unique 10:12

Mp

‫̇ל‬ ‫וּל ֵבית‬ ְ

Ten times

203

Mp

̇‫י‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 9:2. 10:12

‫ַל ָשּׁ ִרים‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 10:12; 2 Chr 9:11

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in these parallel passages with the prep. ‫ל‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences without this preposition. The Mp heading at 2 Chr 9:11 reads eight times noting all eight occurrences of this lemma in various forms; see 2 Sam 19:36 sub ‫שׁ ִרים‬. ָ 10:12

‫וְ לֹא נִ ְר ָאה‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence without a cj. at Exod 4:1.

1 KINGS 10:13 ‫מה‬ ֹ ֑ �‫ן־להּ ְכּ ַי֖ד ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ָ ֔ ‫שׁר ָנ ַֽת‬ ֣ ֶ ‫שׁר ָשׁ ָ֔א ָלה ִמ ְלּ ַב ֙ד ֲא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ח ְפ ָצ ֙הּ ֲא‬ ֶ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ת־שׁ ָ֗בא ֶא‬ ְ ‫מה נָ ַ ֣תן ְל ַ ֽמ ְל ַכּ‬ ֹ ֜ �‫וְ ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ‫יה׃ ס‬ ָ ‫וַ ֵ ֛תּ ֶפן וַ ֵ ֥תּ ֶל� ְל ַא ְר ָ ֖צהּ ִ ֥היא וַ ֲﬠ ָב ֶ ֽד‬ 10:13

‫ֶח ְפ ָצהּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 10:13; 2 Chr 9:12

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 9:12.

204

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

10:13

‫ָשׁ ָא ָלה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 10:13; 2 Chr 9:12

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 9:12. 10:13

‫וַ ֵתּ ֶפן‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Com.: The Mp heading here of three times is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma. MC has no note here, but MA correctly reads unique. The parallel passage at 2 Chr 9:12 reads �ֹ‫וַ ַתּ ֲהפ‬.

1 KINGS 10:15 ‫וּפ ֥חוֹת ָה ָ ֽא ֶרץ׃‬ ַ ‫ל־מ ְל ֵ ֥כי ָה ֶ ֖ﬠ ֶרב‬ ַ ‫וּמ ְס ַ ֖חר ָהר ְֹכ ִ ֑לים וְ ָכ‬ ִ ‫שׁי ַה ָתּ ִ ֔רים‬ ֣ ֵ ְ‫ְל ַב ֙ד ֵמ ַאנ‬ 10:15

‫ַה ָתּ ִרים‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Num 14:6; 1 Kgs 10:15; 2 Chr 9:14

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ת‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a ḥolem (‫)התּ ִֹרים‬ ַ at Lev 1:14 and 14:30. 10:15

Unique

‫וּמ ְס ַחר‬ ִ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., possibly to distinguish it from its occurrence without a cj., but with a daḡeš in the ‫)מ ְסּ ַחר( ס‬ ִ at Prov 3:14. 10:15

Six times

‫ל־מ ְל ֵכי‬ ַ ‫וְ ָכ‬ ̇‫ו‬

Com.: See Josh 5:1.

Mp

1 KINGS

205

1 KINGS 10:16 ‫ל־ה ִצּ ָנּ֥ה ָה ֶא ָ ֽחת׃‬ ַ ‫שׁ־מ ֣אוֹת זָ ָ֔הב יַ ֲﬠ ֶל֖ה ַﬠ‬ ֵ ‫אתיִ ם ִצ ָנּ֖ה זָ ָ ֣הב ָשׁ ֑חוּט ֵשׁ‬ ֥ ַ ‫מה ָמ‬ ֹ ֛ �‫וַ ַ֨יּ ַﬠשׂ ַה ֶ ֧מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ 10:16

‫זָ ָהב ָשׁחוּט‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 10:16; 10:17; 2 Chr 9:15a; 9:15b; 9:16

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of ‫ זָ ָהב‬with ‫שׁחוּט‬, ָ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (27x) with ‫)זָ ָהב ָטהוֹר( ָטהוֹר‬, and from the eight occurrences of ‫ זָ ָהב‬with ‫)זָ ָהב ָסגוּר( ָסגוּר‬.

1 KINGS 10:19 ‫וּשׁ ַנ֣ יִ ם ֲא ָרי֔ וֹת ע ְֹמ ִ ֖דים‬ ְ ‫ל־מ ֣קוֹם ַה ָ ֑שּׁ ֶבת‬ ְ ‫וּמ ֶזּ֖ה ֶא‬ ִ ‫אשׁ־ﬠ ֹ֤גל ַל ִכּ ֵסּ ֙ה ֵמ ַ ֽא ֲח ָ ֔ריו וְ יָ ֛ד ֹת ִמ ֶזּ֥ה‬ ָ ֹ ‫ֵ ֧שׁשׁ ַמ ֲﬠל֣ וֹת ַל ִכּ ֵ֗סּה וְ ר‬ ‫ֵ ֥א ֶצל ַהיָּ ֽדוֹת׃‬ 10:19

‫ַל ִכּ ֵסּה‬

Three times written with ‫ה‬

‫כת ̇ה‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 10:19a; 10:19b; Job 26:9 (‫)כּ ֵסּה‬ ִ

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written with ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (61x) written with an ‫ ַל ִכּ ֵסּא( א‬/‫ ;) ִכּ ֵסּא‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §180.

1 KINGS 10:20 ‫ל־מ ְמ ָל ֽכוֹת׃‬ ַ ‫וּמ ֶזּ֑ה ֽל ֹא־נַ ֲﬠ ָ ֥שׂה ֵכ֖ן ְל ָכ‬ ִ ‫ל־שׁשׁ ַ ֽה ַמּ ֲﬠל֖ וֹת ִמ ֶזּ֣ה‬ ֥ ֵ ‫וּשׁ ֵנ֧ים ָﬠ ָ ֣שׂר ֲא ָר ִ֗יים ע ְֹמ ִ ֥דים ָ ֛שׁם ַﬠ‬ ְ 10:20

‫ֲא ָריִ ים‬

Unique and plene

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written plene ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫י‬.

206 10:20

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫נַ ֲﬠ ָשׂה‬

Eight times with qameṣ

‫קמצ‬ ̇ ‫̇ח‬

Mp

1–5 Lev 7:9; Judg 16:11; 1 Kgs 10:20; 2 Kgs 23:22; 23:23 6–8 2 Chr 9:19; 35:18; 35:19

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma written with qameṣ, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (33x). written with səḡôl (‫ ;)נַ ֲﬠ ֶשׂה‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §13G. This enumeration does not include the twelve occurrences of this lemma in the books of Qoheleth and Esther.

The Mm at 2 Kgs 23:22 and 2 Chr 9:19 adds and similarly all (occurrences in) Qoheleth and Esther are with qameṣ.

The Mp heading at Lev 7:9 reads eight times and similarly all the Megilloth (‫ )חומש‬apart from two. The two exceptions with səḡôl in the Megilloth are Cant 1:11 and 8:8.

1 KINGS 10:21 ‫מה‬ ֹ ֖ �‫ימי ְשׁ‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ית־י ַ֥ﬠר ַה ְלּ ָבנ֖ וֹן זָ ָ ֣הב ָסג֑ וּר ֵ ֣אין ֶ֗כּ ֶסף ֥ל ֹא נֶ ְח ָ ֛שׁב ִבּ‬ ַ ‫ְ ֠וכֹל ְכּ ֞ ֵלי ַמ ְשׁ ֵ ֨קה ַה ֶ ֤מּ ֶל� ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה זָ ָ֔הב וְ ֗כֹל ְכּ ֵל֛י ֵ ֽבּ‬ ‫וּמה׃‬ ָ ‫ִל ְמ ֽא‬ 10:21 Seven times

‫וְ כֹל ְכּ ֵלי‬ ̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 10:21a; 10:21b; 1 Chr 18:10; 2 Chr 9:20a; 9:20b 6–7 2 Chr 36:18; 36:19

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma with a ṣerê under the ‫ל‬, to distinguish them from its five occurrences with a ḥîreq (‫)וְ כֹל ְכּ ִלי‬. 10:21

Four times

‫ַמ ְשׁ ֵקה‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Gen 40:1; 1 Kgs 10:21; Hab 2:15; 2 Chr 9:20

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a ṣerê, to distinguish them from its four occurrences with a səḡôl (‫ ;) ַמ ְשׁ ֶקה‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §205.

1 KINGS 10:21

‫זָ ָהב ָסגוּר‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 6:20. 10:21

Mp

‫ֵאין ֶכּ ֶסף לֹא נֶ ְח ָשׁב‬

Four sets of two parallel phrases that vary The first phrase has ‫ לֹא‬but the second does not have ‫לֹא‬ 1

Gen 23:11 Gen 23:15

2

Lev 13:4 Lev 13:20

3

1 Kgs 10:21 2 Chr 9:20

4

Ezek 5:7b Ezek 11:12b

207

‫̇ד זוגין מן ̇ב ̇ב מחלפין‬

Mm

‫קדמייה נסב לא ותינינה לא נסב לא‬

‫לא אדני שמעני‬ ‫אדני שמעני‬ ‫ושערה לא הפך לבן‬ ‫ושערה הפך לבן‬ ‫אין כסף לא נחשב‬ ‫אין כסף נחשב‬ ‫לא עשיתם‬ ‫עשיתם‬

Com.: The Masorah notes four sets of two parallel phrases that differ in that one of the phrases (the former) has a neg. ‫לֹא‬, and the other (the latter) does not; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §250, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §170.

1 KINGS 10:22 ‫ירם ַא ַח ֩ת ְל ָשׁ ֨�שׁ ָשׁ ֜ ִנים ָתּ ֣בוֹא ׀ ֳא ִנ֣י ַת ְר ִ֗שׁישׁ ֹֽנ ְשׂ ֵא ֙ת זָ ָ ֣הב וָ ֶ֔כ ֶסף‬ ֑ ָ ‫ִכּי֩ ֳא ֨ ִני ַת ְר ִ ֤שׁישׁ ַל ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ַבּ ָ֔יּם ִ ֖ﬠם ֳא ִנ֣י ִח‬ ‫ֶשׁנְ ַה ִ ֥בּים וְ ק ִ ֹ֖פים וְ ֻת ִכּ ִיּֽים׃‬ 10:22 Unique

‫נ ְֹשׂ ֵאת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma, to distinguish it from the sole occurrence of its alternate form pointed as ‫ נ ֵֹשׂאת‬at Esth 2:15.

208 10:22

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ֶשׁנְ ַה ִבּים‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

1–2 1 Kgs 10:22; 2 Chr 9:21

Com.: The Mp heading here of unique is incorrect since there are two occurrences of this lemma, here and in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 9:21. Both MC and MA correctly read here twice.

10:22

‫וְ ק ִֹפים‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

1–2 1 Kgs 10:22; 2 Chr 9:21 (‫קוֹפים‬ ִ ְ‫)ו‬

Com.: The Mp heading here of unique is incorrect since there are two occurrences of this lemma, one written plene (here), and one written defective ‫ ו‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 9:21. MA correctly reads twice, and MC adds once defective (‫)ו‬. 10:22

‫וְ ֻת ִכּיִּ ים‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 10:22; 2 Chr 9:21 (‫תוּכּיִּ ים‬ ִ ְ‫)ו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written defective ‫( ו‬here), and one written plene ‫ ו‬in the parallel passsage at 2 Chr 9:21.

1 KINGS 10:23 ‫וּל ָח ְכ ָ ֽמה׃‬ ְ ‫מה ִמ ֖כֹּל ַמ ְל ֵכ֣י ָה ָ ֑א ֶרץ ְל ֖ﬠֹ ֶשׁר‬ ֹ ֔ �‫וַ יִּ גְ ַדּל֙ ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ 10:23 Unique

‫וּל ָח ְכ ָמה‬ ְ ‫ְלע ֶֹשׁר‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ְלע ֶֹשׁר‬with ‫וּל ָח ְכ ָמה‬, ְ to distinguish it from its occurrence with ‫ ) ְלע ֶֹשׁר וְ ָח ְכ ָמה( ָח ְכ ָמה‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 9:22.

1 KINGS

209

1 KINGS 10:24 ‫�הים ְבּ ִל ֽבּוֹ׃‬ ֖ ִ ‫ת־ח ְכ ָמ ֔תוֹ ֲא ֶשׁר־נָ ַ ֥תן ֱא‬ ָ ‫מ ַ ֙� ֶא‬ ֹ ֨ ‫מה ִל ְשׁ‬ ֹ ֑ �‫ת־פּ ֵנ֣י ְשׁ‬ ְ ‫ל־ה ָ֔א ֶרץ ְמ ַב ְק ִ ֖שׁים ֶא‬ ָ ‫וְ ָ֨כ‬ 10:24

‫ל־ה ָא ֶרץ‬ ָ ‫וְ ָכ‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 14:25.

1 KINGS 10:25 ‫ר־שׁ ָנ֖ה‬ ָ ‫וּפ ָר ִ ֑דים ְדּ ַב‬ ְ ‫סוּסים‬ ֖ ִ ‫וּב ָשׂ ִ֔מים‬ ְ ‫מוֹת וְ ֵנ ֶ֣שׁק‬ ֙ ‫וּשׂ ָל‬ ְ ‫וּכ ֨ ֵלי זָ ָ ֤הב‬ ְ ‫וְ ֵ ֣ה ָמּה ְמ ִב ִ ֣אים ִ ֣אישׁ ִמנְ ָח ֡תוֹ ְכּ ֵל֣י ֶכ ֶס ֩ף‬ ‫ְבּ ָשׁ ָנֽה׃ ס‬ 10:25

‫וְ ֵה ָמּה‬

Ten times at the beginning of a verse Com.: See Josh 2:8. 10:25

‫וְ נֵ ֶשׁק‬

Three times

‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫רא‬ ̇ ̇‫י‬

Mp

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 10:25; Job 20:24 (‫;)מנֵּ ֶשׁק‬ ִ 2 Chr 9:24 (‫)נֵ ֶשׁק‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in various forms with a ṣerê under the ‫נ‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences in various forms with a səḡôl (‫)נֶ ֶשׁק‬, and from its three occurrences in various forms with a qameṣ (‫)נָ ֶשׁק‬.

1 KINGS 10:26 ‫ים־ﬠ ָ ֥שׂר ֶ ֖א ֶלף ָ ֽפּ ָר ִ ֑שׁים וַ יַּ נְ ֵח ֙ם ְבּ ָﬠ ֵ ֣רי ָה ֶ ֔ר ֶכב‬ ָ ֵ‫וּשׁנ‬ ְ ‫אוֹת ֶ ֔ר ֶכב‬ ֙ ‫ע־מ‬ ֵ ‫י־לוֹ ֶ ֤א ֶלף וְ ַא ְר ַבּ‬ ֗ ‫ם וַ יְ ִה‬ ֒ ‫וּפ ָר ִשׁי‬ ָ ‫וַ יֶּ ֱא ֣סֹף ְשׁ�מ ֹ֮ה ֶ ֣ר ֶכב‬ ‫ירוּשׁ ָ ֽל�׃‬ ָ ‫ם־ה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ִבּ‬ ַ ‫וְ ִﬠ‬ 10:26

‫וַ יֶּ ֱאסֹף‬

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the twenty occurrences of this lemma in the qal to distinguish them from its seven occurrences in the niphal (‫ ;)וַ יֵּ ָא ֵסף‬see Judg 20:11.

210 10:26

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וַ יַּ נְ ֵחם‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 1 Sam 22:4; 1 Kgs 10:26; 2 Kgs 18:11; Ps 78:14; 78:53 6–7 Ps 107:30; Job 12:23 —————————— ‫ וַ יַּ נְ ֵחם‬seven times

̇‫וינחם ז‬

Mm

1–5 1 Sam 22:4 ‫ ְבּ ָﬠ ֵרי ָה ֶר ֶכב‬of Kings (1 Kgs 10:26) 2 Kgs 18:11 Job 12:23 Ps 78:53 6–7 Ps 78:14 Ps 107:30

‫את פני מלך‬ ‫בערי הרכב דמלכים‬ ‫בחלח‬ ‫שטח לגוים‬ ‫וינחם לבטח‬ ‫וינחם בענן יומם‬ ‫וינחם אל מחוז‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma in the hiphil from the verb ‫נחה‬ (to lead), to distinguish them from the ten occurrences in the niphal (‫)וַ יִּ נָּ ֵחם‬, and the two occurrences in the piel (‫ )וַ יְ נַ ֵחם‬from the verb ‫( נחם‬to comfort). The additional notation of Kings to the 1 Kgs 10:26 reference distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Chr 1:14, where the lemma occurs as ‫יחם‬ ֵ ִ‫וַ יַּ נּ‬, the alternate form of ‫וַ יַּ נְ ֵחם‬.

1 KINGS 10:28 ‫וּמ ְק ֵ֕וה ס ֲֹח ֵ ֣רי ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� יִ ְק ֥חוּ ִמ ְקֵו֖ה ִבּ ְמ ִ ֽחיר׃‬ ִ ‫מה ִמ ִמּ ְצ ָ ֑ריִ ם‬ ֹ ֖ �‫סּוּסים ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ִל ְשׁ‬ ֛ ִ ‫וּמוֹצא ַה‬ ָ֧ 10:28 Eight times

‫ִבּ ְמ ִחיר‬ ‫̇ח‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 24:24.

In ML the note has been placed in the left margin instead of in the right one.

1 KINGS

211

1 KINGS 10:29 ‫וּל ַמ ְל ֵ ֥כי‬ ְ ‫ל־מ ְל ֵכ֧י ַה ִח ִ ֛תּים‬ ַ ‫וּמ ָ ֑אה ְו ֵ֠כן ְל ָכ‬ ֵ ‫שׁשׁ ֵמ ֣אוֹת ֶ֔כּ ֶסף וְ ֖סוּס ַבּ ֲח ִמ ִ ֣שּׁים‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ַ ֽו ַ֠תּ ֲﬠ ֶלה וַ ֵתּ ֵ֨צא ֶמ ְר ָכּ ָ ֤בה ִמ ִמּ ְצ ַ ֨ריִ ֙ם ְבּ‬ ‫ֲא ָ ֖רם ְבּיָ ָ ֥דם י ִ ֹֽצאוּ׃ פ‬ 10:29

‫וַ ַתּ ֲﬠ ֶלה‬

Eleven times

Mp

‫י̇ ̇א‬

1–3 1 Kgs 10:29; 22:35; Jer 44:21

Com.: The Mp heading here of eleven times is incorrect since there are only three occurrences of this lemma as correctly noted in the Mp heading here in MA, and in the other two Mp headings in ML, as well as in the Mm of Jer 44:21. MC has no note here.

The Masorah notes these three occurrences of this lemma in its unapocopated form, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (14x) in its apocopated form (‫)וַ ַתּ ַﬠל‬.

In ML the note has been placed in the right margin but it belongs, even though it is incorrect, in the left one. 10:29

‫ַה ִח ִתּים‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See Judg 1:26.

Mp

1 KINGS 11:1 ‫יּוֹת ֲא ֣ד ֹ ִמ ֔יּ ֹת ֵצ ְדנִ ֹ֖יּת ִח ִתּ ֹֽיּת׃‬ ֙ ִ‫מוֹא ִביּ֤ וֹת ַﬠ ֳמּנ‬ ֲ ‫ת־פּ ְר ֑ﬠֹה‬ ַ ‫ת־בּ‬ ַ ‫מה ָא ַ֞הב נָ ִ ֧שׁים נָ ְכ ִריּ֛ וֹת ַר ֖בּוֹת וְ ֶא‬ ֹ ֗ �‫וְ ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ 11:1 Four times

‫ָא ַהב‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Gen 37:3; 37:4; Deut 4:37; 1 Kgs 11:1 ——————————

1 KINGS

211

1 KINGS 10:29 ‫וּל ַמ ְל ֵ ֥כי‬ ְ ‫ל־מ ְל ֵכ֧י ַה ִח ִ ֛תּים‬ ַ ‫וּמ ָ ֑אה ְו ֵ֠כן ְל ָכ‬ ֵ ‫שׁשׁ ֵמ ֣אוֹת ֶ֔כּ ֶסף וְ ֖סוּס ַבּ ֲח ִמ ִ ֣שּׁים‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ַ ֽו ַ֠תּ ֲﬠ ֶלה וַ ֵתּ ֵ֨צא ֶמ ְר ָכּ ָ ֤בה ִמ ִמּ ְצ ַ ֨ריִ ֙ם ְבּ‬ ‫ֲא ָ ֖רם ְבּיָ ָ ֥דם י ִ ֹֽצאוּ׃ פ‬ 10:29

‫וַ ַתּ ֲﬠ ֶלה‬

Eleven times

Mp

‫י̇ ̇א‬

1–3 1 Kgs 10:29; 22:35; Jer 44:21

Com.: The Mp heading here of eleven times is incorrect since there are only three occurrences of this lemma as correctly noted in the Mp heading here in MA, and in the other two Mp headings in ML, as well as in the Mm of Jer 44:21. MC has no note here.

The Masorah notes these three occurrences of this lemma in its unapocopated form, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (14x) in its apocopated form (‫)וַ ַתּ ַﬠל‬.

In ML the note has been placed in the right margin but it belongs, even though it is incorrect, in the left one. 10:29

‫ַה ִח ִתּים‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See Judg 1:26.

Mp

1 KINGS 11:1 ‫יּוֹת ֲא ֣ד ֹ ִמ ֔יּ ֹת ֵצ ְדנִ ֹ֖יּת ִח ִתּ ֹֽיּת׃‬ ֙ ִ‫מוֹא ִביּ֤ וֹת ַﬠ ֳמּנ‬ ֲ ‫ת־פּ ְר ֑ﬠֹה‬ ַ ‫ת־בּ‬ ַ ‫מה ָא ַ֞הב נָ ִ ֧שׁים נָ ְכ ִריּ֛ וֹת ַר ֖בּוֹת וְ ֶא‬ ֹ ֗ �‫וְ ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ 11:1 Four times

‫ָא ַהב‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Gen 37:3; 37:4; Deut 4:37; 1 Kgs 11:1 ——————————

212

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫ ָא ַהב‬four times, and their references

Deut 4:37 1 Kgs 11:1 Gen 37:4 Gen 37:3

(= ‫)וַ יִּ ְב ַחר‬ (= �‫וְ ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬ (= ‫)א ָחיו‬ ֶ (= ‫)יוֹסף‬ ֵ

‫אהב ̇ד וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫בחר‬ ‫מלכא‬ ‫באחוי‬ ‫דיוסף‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ under the ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its nine occurrences with a ṣerê (‫;)א ֵהב‬ ָ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §272, and the Mp note at 1 Sam 1:5. The catchwords in the Mm are given in the form of an Aramaic mnemonic “the king chose the brothers of Joseph”; see Marcus, Scribal Wit, 72. This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 192v, but the Mm note appears on the top of the following folio 193r.

11:1

Five times

‫ת־בּת‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Lev 11:16; 18:17; Deut 14:15; 1 Kgs 11:1; 2 Chr 8:11 —————————— ‫ת־בּת‬ ַ ‫ וְ ֶא‬five times

[‫ואת בת ) ̇ב( ] ̇ה‬

1–5 Lev 11:16 And its companion (Deut 14:15) Lev 18:17 1 Kgs 11:1 2 Chr 8:11

Mm ‫היענה‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫ערות אשה‬ ‫והמלך שלמה‬ ‫העלה שלמה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (8x) without a cj.

This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 192v, but the Mm note appears on the top of the following folio 193r.

1 KINGS

213

1 KINGS 11:2 ‫ת־ל ַב ְב ֶ֔כם ַא ֲח ֵ ֖רי‬ ְ ‫באוּ ָב ֶ֗הם וְ ֵה ֙ם לֹא־יָ ֣בֹאוּ ָב ֶ֔כם ָא ֵ ֙כן יַ ֣טּוּ ֶא‬ ֹ ֣ ‫א־ת‬ ָ ֹ ‫ל־בּ ֨ ֵני יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֜אל ֽל‬ ְ ‫שׁר ָ ֽא ַמר־יְ הוָ ֩ה ֶא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫גּוֹים ֲא‬ ִ֗ ‫ן־ה‬ ַ ‫ִמ‬ ‫מה ְל ַא ֲה ָ ֽבה׃‬ ֹ ֖ �‫יהם ָבּ ֶ ֛הם ָדּ ַ ֥בק ְשׁ‬ ֑ ֶ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫ֱא‬ 11:2

‫ָא ֵכן‬

Eighteen times

1–5 6–10 11–15 16–18

‫י̇ ̇ח‬

Mp

Gen 28:16; Exod 2:14; 1 Sam 15:32; 1 Kgs 11:2; Isa 40:7 Isa 45:15; 49:4; 53:4; Jer 3:20; 3:23a Jer 3:23b; 4:10; 8:8; Zeph 3:7; Ps 31:23 Ps 66:19; 82:7; Job 32:8

—————————— ‫ ָא ֵכן‬eighteen times 1–5

‫אכן י̇ ̇ח‬

Mm

Gen 28:16 Exod 2:14 1 Sam 15:32 1 Kgs 11:2 Isa 40:7 6–10 Isa 45:15 Isa 49:4 Isa 53:4 Jer 3:20 Jer 3:23a 11–15 Twice in the verse (Jer 3:23b) Jer 4:10 Zeph 3:7 Jer 8:8 ‫ וַ ֲאנִ י ָא ַמ ְר ִתּי‬of ‫נִ גְ ַרזְ ִתּי‬ of Psalms (Ps 31:23) 16–18 Ps 66:19 Ps 82:7 Job 32:8

‫)ויקץ( ]וייקץ[ יעקב משנתו‬ ‫ויאמר מי שמך לאיש‬ ‫הגישו אלי את אגג מלך‬ ‫מן הגוים אשר אמר יהוה‬ [‫)וכש( ]יבש[ חציר )גבל( ]נבל‬ ‫אכן אתה אל מסתתר‬ ‫ואני אמרתי לריק יגעתי‬ ‫אכן חלינו‬ ‫בגדה אשה‬ ‫לשקר מגבעות‬ ‫שנים בפסוקה‬ ‫אכן השא השאת‬ ‫אך תיראי אותי‬ ‫חכמים אנחנו‬ ‫ואני אמרתי‬ ‫)דנגזרתי( ]דנגרזתי[ דתלים‬ ‫שמע אלהים הקשיב‬ ‫כאדם תמותון‬ ‫אכן רוח >היא< באנוש‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the eighteen occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (100+) of its parallel �‫אַ‬.

This distinction is implied in the additional notations of ‫ נִ גְ ַרזְ ִתּי‬of Psalms to the Ps 31:23 reference, which distinguishes it from a parallel verse in Jonah 2:5, where the lemma occurs as �‫אַ‬.

‫‪214‬‬

‫‪THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML‬‬ ‫‪1 KINGS 11:3‬‬ ‫ת־ל ֽבּוֹ׃‬ ‫וּפ ַלגְ ִ ֖שׁים ְשׁ�֣ שׁ ֵמ ֑אוֹת וַ יַּ ֥טּוּ נָ ָ ֖שׁיו ֶא ִ‬ ‫רוֹת ְשׁ ַ ֣בע ֵמ ֔אוֹת ִ ֽ‬ ‫וַ יְ ִהי־ל֣ וֹ נָ ִ֗שׁים ָשׂ ֙‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ָשׂרוֹת‬

‫‪11:3‬‬

‫̇ב‬

‫‪Twice‬‬

‫‪1 Kgs 11:3; Esth 1:18‬‬

‫‪Mm‬‬

‫——————————‬ ‫‪ָ twice‬שׂרוֹת‬

‫שרות ̇ב‬

‫והיום הזה תאמרנה‬ ‫ופלגשים שלש מאות‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Esth 1:18‬‬ ‫‪1 Kgs 11:3‬‬ ‫וַ יַּ טּוּ‬

‫‪11:3‬‬

‫‪Four times‬‬

‫̇ד‬

‫‪Com.: See 1 Sam 8:3.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 11:4‬‬ ‫�היו‬ ‫הו֣ה ֱא ָ֔‬ ‫א־ה ָ֨יה ְל ָב ֤בוֹ ָשׁ ֵל ֙ם ִﬠם־יְ ָ‬ ‫�הים ֲא ֵח ִ ֑רים וְ ל ֹ ָ‬ ‫ת־ל ָב ֔בוֹ ַא ֲח ֵ ֖רי ֱא ִ ֣‬ ‫מה נָ ָשׁ ֙יו ִה ֣טּוּ ֶא ְ‬ ‫וַ יְ ִ֗הי ְל ֵﬠ ֙ת זִ ְק ַנ֣ת ְשׁ� ֔ ֹ‬ ‫ִכּ ְל ַ ֖בב ָדִּ ֥ויד ָא ִ ֽביו׃‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫א־היָ ה‬ ‫וְ ל ֹ ָ‬ ‫̇כ ̇ה‬

‫‪11:4‬‬

‫‪Twenty-five times‬‬

‫‪Com.: See Josh 8:20.‬‬ ‫ָדּוִ יד‬

‫מל‬ ‫̇ה ̇‬

‫‪11:4‬‬

‫‪Five times plene‬‬

‫‪Com.: See 1 Kgs 3:14.‬‬

1 KINGS

215

1 KINGS 11:5 ‫�הי ִצד ִֹנ֑ים וְ ַא ֲח ֵ ֣רי ִמ ְל ֔כֹּם ִשׁ ֻ ֖קּץ ַﬠמּ ִ ֹֽנים׃‬ ֖ ֵ ‫תּ ֶרת ֱא‬ ֹ ֔ ‫מה ַא ֲח ֵ ֣רי ַﬠ ְשׁ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫וַ יֵּ ֶ֣ל� ְשׁ‬ 11:5

‫ִצד ֹנִ ים‬

Five times defective

Com.: See Judg 18:7.

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1 KINGS 11:7 ‫מ ֶל� ִשׁ ֻ ֖קּץ ְבּ ֵנ֥י ַﬠ ֽמּוֹן׃‬ ֹ ֕ ‫וּל‬ ְ �֑‫רוּשׁ ָל‬ ָ ְ‫ל־פּ ֵנ֣י י‬ ְ ‫מוֹאב ָבּ ָ֕הר ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ַﬠ‬ ָ֔ ‫מוֹשׁ ִשׁ ֻ ֣קּץ‬ ֙ ‫מה ָבּ ָ֗מה ִל ְכ‬ ֹ ֜ �‫ָאז֩ יִ ְב ֨ ֶנה ְשׁ‬ 11:7

‫ִשׁ ֻקּץ‬

Always defective apart from twice

‫חס ̇ב ̇מ ̇ב‬ ̇ ‫כל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes that this lemma is always (5x) written defective ‫ ו‬apart from two occasions when it is written plene ‫ ו‬at Dan 11:31 (‫ ) ַה ִשּׁקּוּץ‬and 12:11 (‫)שׁקּוּץ‬. ִ

1 KINGS 11:8 ‫יהן׃‬ ֽ ֶ ‫א�ה‬ ֵ ‫וְ ֵכ֣ן ָﬠ ָ֔שׂה ְל ָכל־נָ ָ ֖שׁיו ַהנָּ ְכ ִריּ֑ וֹת ַמ ְק ִט ֥ירוֹת וּֽ ְמזַ ְבּ ֖חוֹת ֵל‬ 11:8

‫ַמ ְק ִטירוֹת‬

Unique and plene

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written plene ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫י‬. 11:8

Five times

‫יהן‬ ֶ ‫א�ה‬ ֵ ‫ֵל‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 34:16a (‫יהן‬ ֶ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫;)א‬ ֱ 34:16b (‫יהן‬ ֶ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫;)א‬ ֱ Num 25:2a (‫יהן‬ ֶ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫;)א‬ ֱ Num 25:2b; 1 Kgs 11:8 ——————————

216

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫יהן‬ ֶ ‫א�ה‬ ֵ ‫ ֵל‬five times

‫לאלהיהן ̇ה‬

1–5 Exod 34:16a Twice in it (Exod 34:16b) Num 25:2a

{1 Kgs 11:11 {1 Kgs 13:21}

Mm ‫ולקחת מבנתיו‬ ‫̇ב בו‬ ‫ותקראנה‬ {[‫}בריתי )וחקותי( ]וחקתי‬ {‫}כי מרית פי יהוה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a fem. sfx., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) with a masc. sfx. (‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫א�ה‬ ֵ ‫ ֵל‬/‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫ ;) ֱא‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §69.

In the Mm, the catchwords for Num 25:2b and 1 Kgs 11:8 have been omitted, in their place catchwords from 1 Kgs 11:11 and 1 Kgs 13:21 have mistakenly been inserted.

1 KINGS 11:9 ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ַהנִּ ְר ָ ֥אה ֵא ָל֖יו ַפּ ֲﬠ ָ ֽמיִ ם׃‬ ֣ ֵ ‫מה ִ ֽכּי־נָ ָ ֣טה ְל ָב ֗בוֹ ֵמ ִ ֤ﬠם יְ הוָ ֙ה ֱא‬ ֹ ֑ �‫הו֖ה ִבּ ְשׁ‬ ָ ְ‫וַ יִּ ְת ַא ַנּ֥ ף י‬ 11:9

‫�הי‬ ֵ ‫ֵמ ִﬠם יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 11:9; Ruth 2:12; 2 Chr 13:12 (‫)ﬠם‬ ִ

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of the phrase ‫ ֵמ ִﬠם יְ הוָ ה‬/‫ ִﬠם יְ הוָ ה‬with ‫�הי‬ ֵ ‫א‬, ֱ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (57x) without ‫�הי‬ ֵ ‫א‬. ֱ In ML only one circellus has been placed on the first two words and this circellus has to do double duty with the next lemma. 11:9

‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ֵמ ִﬠם יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 11:9; Ruth 2:12

1 KINGS

217

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of the phrase ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬with ‫מ ִﬠם‬, ֵ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (97x) without ‫מ ִﬠם‬. ֵ

In ML only two circelli have been placed between the first two and the last two words. However, with four- or five-word phrases it is not unusual for only two circelli to be given; see Josh 1:6 and passim. 11:9

‫ַהנִּ ְר ָאה‬

Twice with qameṣ

‫ָ֗ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 11:9; Dan 8:1

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ, to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a səḡôl at Gen 12:7 and 35:1.

This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One is in a list of doublets starting with ‫ ַ;ה‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §64, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §65. The other is in a list of doublets that have the same meaning; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §70, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §13.

1 KINGS 11:10 ‫הוֽה׃ פ‬ ָ ְ‫ר־צָוּ֖ה י‬ ִ ‫�הים ֲא ֵח ִ ֑רים וְ ֣ל ֹא ָשׁ ַ֔מר ֵ ֥את ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֣ ִ ‫י־ל ֶכת ַא ֲח ֵ ֖רי ֱא‬ ֶ ֔ ‫ל־ה ָדּ ָ ֣בר ַה ֶ֔זּה ְל ִ֨ב ְל ִתּ‬ ַ ‫וְ ִצָוּ֤ה ֵא ָל ֙יו ַﬠ‬ 11:10

‫וְ ִצוָּ ה‬

Three times 1 2 3

‫̇ג‬

All Leviticus 1 Kgs 11:10 Nah 1:14

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous (100+) occurrences without a cj.

The five Leviticus references (Lev 13:54; 14:4; 14:5; 14:36; 14:40) are taken as one reference as suggested by Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc. In ML the circellus has been placed on ‫וְ ִצוָּ ה ֵא ָליו‬, but this phrase occurs only once here. It is more likely, as suggested by Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.), that the note belongs only with ‫ וְ ִצוָּ ה‬which, as shown above, occurs three times.

218 11:10

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וְ לֹא ָשׁ ַמר‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its three occurrences without a cj.

1 KINGS 11:11 ‫יתי ָﬠ ֶל֑י� ָק ֨ר ֹ ַ� ֶא ְק ַ ֤רע‬ ִ ‫יתי וְ ֻחקּ ַֹ֔תי ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ִצִ ֖וּ‬ ֣ ִ ‫ה־זּ ֹאת ִﬠ ָ֔מּ� וְ ֤ל ֹא ָשׁ ַ֨מ ְר ָ֙תּ ְבּ ִר‬ ֣ ‫שׁר ָ ֽהיְ ָת‬ ֣ ֶ ‫מה ַי ַ֚ﬠן ֲא‬ ֹ ֗ �‫הוה ִל ְשׁ‬ ָ֜ ְ‫אמר י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫יה ְל ַﬠ ְב ֶ ֽדּ�׃‬ ָ ‫ת־ה ַמּ ְמ ָל ָכ ֙ה ֵ ֽמ ָﬠ ֔ ֶלי� וּנְ ַת ִ ֖תּ‬ ַ ‫ֶא‬ 11:11

‫אמר יְ הוָ ה ִל ְשׁ�מֹה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

11:11

‫וְ לֹא ָשׁ ַמ ְר ָתּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 11:11; 13:21

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its four occurrences without a cj. 11:11

‫יתי וְ ֻחקּ ַֹתי‬ ִ ‫ְבּ ִר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since there is only one occurrence of this lemma. The Mp heading in MA correctly reads unique. MC has no note here.

1 KINGS 11:12 ‫�־בּיָ ֶ֨מ ֙י� ֣ל ֹא ֶא ֱﬠ ֶ֔שׂנָּ ה ְל ַ ֖מ ַﬠן ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ ֑בי� ִמיַּ ֥ד ִבּנְ �֖ ֶא ְק ָר ֶ ֽﬠנָּ ה׃‬ ְ ‫ַא‬ 11:12 Unique

‫ֶא ְק ָר ֶﬠנָּ ה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

219

1 KINGS 11:13 ‫רוּשׁ ַ ֖ל� ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָבּ ָ ֽח ְר ִתּי׃‬ ָ ְ‫וּל ַ ֥מ ַﬠן י‬ ְ ‫ﬠן ָדִּו֣ד ַﬠ ְב ִ ֔דּי‬ ֙ ַ ‫ל־ה ַמּ ְמ ָל ָכ ֙ה ֣ל ֹא ֶא ְק ָ ֔רע ֵ ֥שׁ ֶבט ֶא ָ ֖חד ֶא ֵ ֣תּן ִל ְב ֶנ֑ � ְל ַ֨מ‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ַ ֤רק ֶא‬ 11:13

‫ֶא ְק ָ ֔רע‬

Unique zaqeṕ qameṣ

Mp

‫קמ‬ ̇ ‫זק‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a qameṣ due to the zaqeṕ accent. Without this accent the expected form would be ‫ ֶא ְק ַרע‬with a paṯaḥ as at 1 Kgs 11:11. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words occurring only once with a qameṣ and zaqeṕ; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §21.

1 KINGS 11:14 ‫מה ֵ ֖את ֲה ַ ֣דד ָה ֲאד ִ ֹ֑מי ִמ ֶזּ ַ֧ רע ַה ֶ ֛מּ ֶל� ֖הוּא ֶבּ ֱא ֽדוֹם׃‬ ֹ ֔ �‫טן ִל ְשׁ‬ ֙ ָ ‫הו֤ה ָשׂ‬ ָ ְ‫וַ ָ֨יּ ֶקם י‬ 11:14

‫הוּא ֶבּ ֱאדוֹם‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish it from its three occurrences without this preposition.

1 KINGS 11:15 ‫ת־ה ֲח ָל ִ ֑לים וַ יַּ ֥ � ָכּל־זָ ָ ֖כר ֶבּ ֱא ֽדוֹם׃‬ ַ ‫יוֹא ֙ב ַ ֣שׂר ַה ָצּ ָ֔בא ְל ַק ֵ ֖בּר ֶא‬ ָ ‫ת־א ֔דוֹם ַבּ ֲﬠ ֗לוֹת‬ ֱ ‫וַ יְ ִ֗הי ִ ֽבּ ְהי֤ וֹת ָדּוִ ֙ד ֶא‬ 11:15 Five times

‫ַבּ ֲﬠלוֹת‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Judg 13:20; 1 Kgs 11:15; 18:36; Jer 35:11; Jon 4:7 —————————— ‫ ַב ֲﬠלוֹת‬five times

‫בעלות ̇ה‬

Mm

1–5 Judg 13:20 1 Kgs 11:15 ‫ ַה ִמּנְ ָחה‬of Elijah (1 Kgs 18:36) Jer 35:11 Jonah 4:7

‫הלהב‬ ‫יואב‬ ‫המנחה דאליה‬ [‫)נבוכדנצר( ]נבוכדראצר‬ ‫תולעת‬

220

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish them from its six occurrences with the prep. ‫;)כּ ֲﬠלוֹת( כ‬ ֲ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §8E. This distinction is implied in the Mm in the additional notation of Elijah to the 1 Kgs 18:36 reference, which distinguishes it from the passage in 2 Kgs 3:20 that refers to Elisha, and where the lemma occurs as ‫כּ ֲﬠלוֹת‬.ֲ 11:15

‫ַשׂר ַה ָצּ ָבא‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

1–5 1 Sam 17:55; 1 Kgs 1:19; 11:15; 11:21; 2 Kgs 4:13 6–10 2 Kgs 25:19; Jer 52:25; Dan 8:11; 1 Chr 19:18; 27:5

Com.: The Mp heading here and at 1 Kgs 11:21 of four times is incorrect since there are ten occurrences of this lemma.

The Masorah notes these ten occurrences of ‫ ַשׂר‬with ‫ה ָצּ ָבא‬,ַ to distinguish them from its three occurrences with ‫) ַשׂר ָצ ָבא( ָצ ָבא‬.

Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.) suggest that the note four most probably belongs with the associated lemma ‫)וְ ( ַשׂר ָצ ָבא‬, which does occur four times, and not with this lemma ‫ַשׂר‬ ‫ה ָצּ ָבא‬,ַ which occurs ten times. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 11:16 ‫ד־ה ְכ ִ ֥רית ָכּל־זָ ָ ֖כר ֶבּ ֱא ֽדוֹם׃‬ ִ ‫יוֹאב וְ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ַﬠ‬ ֖ ָ ‫ב־שׁם‬ ֥ ָ ‫ִ ֣כּי ֵ ֧שׁ ֶשׁת ֳח ָד ִ ֛שׁים ָי ַֽשׁ‬ 11:16 Unique

‫ֵשׁ ֶשׁת ֳח ָד ִשׁים‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ֳח ָד ִשׁים‬with ‫שׁ ֶשׁת‬, ֵ to distinguish it from its two occurrences with ‫ ) ִשׁ ָשּׁה ֳח ָד ִשׁים( ִשׁ ָשּׁה‬at 2 Kgs 15:8 and Esth 2:12.

1 KINGS 11:16

‫יָ ַשׁב‬

Fifteen times

221

Mp

̇‫̇הי‬

1–5 Gen 13:12a; 13:12b; 19:29; Judg 5:17; 1 Sam 27:7 6–10 1 Sam 27:11; 2 Sam 7:1; 1 Kgs 1:46; 2:12; 1 Kgs 11:16 11–15 2 Kgs 13:13; Jer 2:6; Ps 47:9; 1 Chr 5:9; 17:1 —————————— ‫ יָ ַשׁב‬fifteen times 1–5

̇‫ישב ̇הי‬

Mm

Gen 13:12a Twice in it (Gen 13:12b) Gen 19:29 Judg 5:17 1 Sam 27:7 6–10 1 Sam 27:11 2 Sam 7:1 And its companion (1 Chr 17:1) 1 Kgs 1:46 1 Kgs 2:12 11–15 2 Kgs 13:13 1 Kgs 11:16 Jer 2:6 1 Chr 5:9 Ps 47:9

‫אברם‬ ‫̇ב בו‬ ‫בשחת‬ ‫גלעד‬ ‫מספר‬ ‫ואיש ואשה‬ ‫ויהי‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫וגם‬ ‫ושלמה‬ ‫וירבעם ישב‬ ‫חדשים‬ ‫המעלה‬ ‫ולמזרח‬ ‫מלך אלהים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the fifteen occurrences of this lemma pointed with a paṯaḥ under the ‫שׁ‬, to distinguish them from its five occurrences pointed with a qameṣ (‫)יָ ָשׁב‬.

1 KINGS 11:17 ‫הוּא וַ ֲאנָ ִ֨שׁים ֲאד ִֹמ ִ֜יּים ֵמ ַﬠ ְב ֵ ֥די ָא ִ ֛ביו ִא ֖תּוֹ ָל ֣בוֹא ִמ ְצ ָ ֑ריִ ם וַ ֲה ַ ֖דד ַנ ַ֥ﬠר ָק ָ ֽטן׃‬ ֩ ‫וַ יִּ ְב ַ ֣רח ֲא ַ ֡דד‬ 11:17

‫ֲא ַדד‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One is in a list of words with initial ‫א‬ occurring only once; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §35, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §36. The other is in a list of words where the ‫ א‬is pronounced: see the Mm at Exod 6:24 sub ‫יא ָסף‬ ָ ‫וַ ֲא ִב‬.

222

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

11:17

‫ֲאד ִֹמיִּ ים‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the masc., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence in the fem. (‫)אד ִֹמיֹּת‬ ֲ in v. 1.

1 KINGS 11:18 ‫�־מ ְצ ַ ֔ריִ ם וַ יִּ ֶתּן־ל֣ וֹ ַ֗ביִ ת‬ ִ ‫ל־פּ ְר ֣ﬠֹה ֶ ֽמ ֶל‬ ַ ‫ארן וַ יָּ ֤בֹאוּ ִמ ְצ ַ ֨ריִ ֙ם ֶא‬ ֗ ָ ‫ארן וַ יִּ ְקחוּ֩ ֲאנָ ִ֨שׁים ִﬠ ָ֜מּם ִמ ָפּ‬ ֑ ָ ‫מוּ ִמ ִמּ ְד ָ֔ין וַ יָּ ֖בֹאוּ ָפּ‬ ֙ ‫וַ יָּ ֻ ֨ק‬ ‫וְ ֨ ֶל ֶח ֙ם ָ ֣א ַמר ֔לוֹ וְ ֶ ֖א ֶרץ ָנ ַ֥תן ֽלוֹ׃‬ 11:18

‫וְ ֶל ֶחם ָא ַמר לוֹ‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫ ָא ַמר לוֹ‬but, since this phrase occurs nine times, it is most likely that the note should include the previous word ‫ וְ ֶל ֶחם‬since the phrase ‫וְ ֶל ֶחם ָא ַמר‬ ‫ לוֹ‬only occurs this once; see Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.

1 KINGS 11:19 ‫ירה׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫ת־א ֣חוֹת ִא ְשׁ ֔תּוֹ ֲא ֖חוֹת ַתּ ְח ְפּ ֵנ֥יס ַהגְּ ִב‬ ֲ ‫אד וַ יִּ ֶתּן־ל֤ וֹ ִא ָשּׁ ֙ה ֶא‬ ֹ ֑ ‫וַ יִּ ְמ ָצ ֙א ֲה ַ ֥דד ֵ ֛חן ְבּ ֵﬠ ֵינ֥י ַפ ְר ֖ﬠֹה ְמ‬ 11:19 Unique 11:19

Three times

‫ֲאחוֹת ִא ְשׁתּוֹ‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬ ‫ַתּ ְח ְפּנֵ יס‬ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 11:19; 11:20a; 11:20b (‫)תּ ְח ְפּנֵ ס‬ ַ

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, twice written plene ‫( י‬here and in v. 20a), and once written defective ‫ י‬in v. 20b.

1 KINGS

223

1 KINGS 11:20 �‫וַ ֵ֨תּ ֶלד ֜לוֹ ֲא ֣חוֹת ַתּ ְח ְפּ ֗ ֵניס ֵ ֚את גְּ נֻ ַ ֣בת ְבּנ֔ וֹ וַ ִתּגְ ְמ ֵל֣הוּ ַת ְח ְפּ ֔ ֵנס ְבּ ֖תוֹ� ֵבּ֣ית ַפּ ְר ֑ﬠֹה וַ יְ ִ ֤הי גְ נֻ ַב ֙ת ֵבּ֣ית ַפּ ְר ֔עֹה ְבּ ֖תוֹ‬ ‫ְבּ ֵנ֥י ַפ ְר ֽﬠֹה׃‬ 11:20

‫ַתּ ְח ְפּנֵ יס‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See directly above. 11:20

‫גְ נֻ ַבת‬2

Twice and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 11:20a; 11:20b

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets that occur in the same verse; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §58, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §59.

1 KINGS 11:21 ‫ל־פּ ְר ֔עֹה ַשׁ ְלּ ֵ ֖חנִ י‬ ַ ‫אמר ֲה ַד ֙ד ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ר־ה ָצּ ָ ֑בא וַ ֤יּ‬ ַ ‫יוֹאב ַ ֽשׂ‬ ֣ ָ ‫י־מת‬ ֖ ֵ ‫ם־אב ָֹ֔תיו וְ ִכ‬ ֲ ‫י־שׁ ַ ֤כב ָדּוִ ֙ד ִﬠ‬ ָ ‫וַ ֲה ַ ֞דד ָשׁ ַ ֣מע ְבּ ִמ ְצ ַ ֗ריִ ם ִ ֽכּ‬ ‫ל־א ְר ִ ֽצי׃‬ ַ ‫וְ ֵא ֵ ֥ל� ֶא‬ 11:21 Unique

‫י־מת‬ ֵ ‫וְ ִכ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (19x) without a cj. 11:21

Four times

‫ר־ה ָצּ ָבא‬ ַ ‫ַשׂ‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.:The Mp heading here and at 1 Kgs 11:15 of four times is incorrect since there are ten occurrences of this lemma; see directly above at 1 Kgs 11:15. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

224

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 11:22

‫אמר ׀ ֔ל ֹא ִ ֥כּי ַשׁ ֵלּ ַ֖� ְתּ ַשׁ ְלּ ֵ ֽחנִ י׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ל־א ְר ֶצ֑� וַ ֣יּ‬ ַ ‫ה־א ָ ֤תּה ָח ֵס ֙ר ִﬠ ִ֔מּי וְ ִהנְּ �֥ ְמ ַב ֵ ֖קּשׁ ָל ֶל ֶ֣כת ֶא‬ ַ ‫אמר ל֣ וֹ ַפ ְר ֗עֹה ֠ ִכּי ָמ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֧יּ‬ 11:22

‫אמר לוֹ ַפ ְרעֹה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Exod 10:28; 1 Kgs 11:22

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫לוֹ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (14x) without this preposition (‫אמר ַפּ ְרעֹה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫)וַ יּ‬. 11:22

‫ָח ֵסר‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

1 Kgs 11:22; 17:16; Qoh 6:2; 10:3

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma in the absol. form, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (10x) in the cstr. (‫)ח ַסר‬. ֲ

1 KINGS 11:23 ‫�־צוֹבה ֲאד ָֹנֽיו׃‬ ָ֖ ‫שׁר ָבּ ַ ֗רח ֵמ ֵ ֛את ֲה ַד ְד ֶ ֥ﬠזֶ ר ֶ ֽמ ֶל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ן־א ְליָ ָ ֑דע ֲא‬ ֶ ‫ת־רז֖ וֹן ֶבּ‬ ְ ‫�הים ֙לוֹ ָשׂ ָ֔טן ֶא‬ ֥ ִ ‫וַ ָ֨יּ ֶקם ֱא‬ 11:23

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫וַ יָּ ֶקם ֱא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma. MA correctly reads here unique, but MC has no note.

1 KINGS 11:24 ‫וַ יִּ ְק ֤בֹּץ ָﬠ ָל ֙יו ֲאנָ ִ֔שׁים וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ַשׂר־גְּ ֔דוּד ַבּ ֲה ֥ר ֹג ָדִּ ֖וד א ָ ֹ֑תם וַ יֵּ ְל ֤כוּ ַד ֶ֨מּ ֶשׂ ֙ק וַ יֵּ ְ֣שׁבוּ ָ֔בהּ ַוֽ יִּ ְמ ְל ֖כוּ ְבּ ַד ָ ֽמּ ֶשׂק׃‬ 11:24 Unique

‫וַ יִּ ְקבֹּץ ָﬠ ָליו‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

225

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ וַ יִּ ְקבֹּץ‬with ‫ﬠ ָליו‬, ָ to distinguish it from its occurrence with ‫ )וַ יִּ ְקבֹּץ ֵא ָליו( ֵא ָליו‬at Hab 2:5. 11:24

‫וַ יִּ ְמ ְלכוּ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the qal, to distinguish it from its five occurrences written defective ‫ י‬in the hiphil (‫)וַ יַּ ְמ ִלכוּ‬.

1 KINGS 11:25 ‫ל־א ָ ֽרם׃ פ‬ ֲ ‫שׁר ֲה ָ ֑דד וַ ָ֨יּ ָק ֙ץ ְבּיִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וַ יִּ ְמ�֖ � ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ת־ה ָר ָ ֖ﬠה ֲא‬ ָ ‫מה וְ ֶא‬ ֹ ֔ �‫וַ יְ ִ֨הי ָשׂ ָ ֤טן ְליִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ָכּל־יְ ֵ ֣מי ְשׁ‬ 11:25

‫ת־ה ָר ָﬠה‬ ָ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

11:25

‫וַ יָּ ָקץ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its five occurrences without a cj. Mp

Num 22:3; 1 Kgs 11:25

——————————

‫ וַ יָּ ָקץ‬twice, and their references Num 22:3 1 Kgs 11:25

‫ויקץ ̇ב וסימנהון‬

[‫ויקץ מואב מפני )העם( ]בני ישראל‬ [‫ויקץ בישראל וימלך על )אדום( ]ארם‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma from ‫ קוּץ‬to be in dread of, possibly to distinguish them from its three occurrences pointed as ‫ וַ יִּ ַקץ‬from ‫ יָ ַקץ‬to awake.

226

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 11:26

‫מה וַ יָּ ֶ֥ רם ָי֖ד ַבּ ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ֹ ֑ �‫רוּﬠ ֙ה ִא ָ ֣שּׁה ַא ְל ָמ ֔ ָנה ֶ ֖ﬠ ֶבד ִל ְשׁ‬ ָ ‫מּוֹ ְצ‬ ֙ ‫ן־ה ְצּ ֵר ָ ֗דה וְ ֵ ֤שׁם ִא‬ ַ ‫וְ יָ ָר ְב ָﬠ ֩ם ֶבּן־נְ ָ֨בט ֶא ְפ ָר ִ֜תי ִמ‬ 11:26

‫ֶא ְפ ָר ִתי‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

‫̇ח‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 1:1. 11:26

‫וַ יָּ ֶרם‬

Eight times

1–5 Exod 7:20; Num 20:11; 1 Sam 9:24; 1 Kgs 11:26; 2 Kgs 2:13 6–8 Ps 148:14; Dan 12:7; 2 Chr 35:7 —————————— ‫ וַ יָּ ֶרם‬eight times

1–5 Exod 7:20 Num 20:11 1 Sam 9:24 1 Kgs 11:26 2 Kgs 2:13 6–8 Ps 148:14 Dan 12:7 2 Chr 35:7

‫וירם ̇ח‬

Mm

‫במטה‬ ‫את ידו‬ ‫הטבח‬ ‫במלך‬ ‫אדרת‬ ‫קרן‬ ‫ימינו‬ ‫יאשיהו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬consec., to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a ‫ ו‬cj. (‫ )וְ יָ ֵרם‬at Num 17:2 and 1 Sam 2:10. The headings of the Mp at Ps 148:14, and of the Mp and the Mm at 2 Chr 35:7, expressly state eight times with daḡeš (that is, with a ‫ ו‬consec.), and the Mm there further adds that there are two occurrences raṕê (that is, with a ‫ ו‬cj.).

1 KINGS

227

1 KINGS 11:27 ‫ת־פּ ֶרץ ִ ֖ﬠיר ָדִּ ֥וד ָא ִ ֽביו׃‬ ֶ ֕ ‫ת־ה ִמּ ֔לּוֹא ָס ֕ ַגר ֶא‬ ַ ‫ר־ה ִ ֥רים ָי֖ד ַבּ ֶ ֑מּ ֶל� ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ָבּ ָנ֣ה ֶא‬ ֵ ‫וְ ֶז֣ה ַה ָדּ ָ֔בר ֲא ֶשׁ‬ 11:27

‫וְ זֶ ה ַה ָדּ ָבר‬

Four times at the beginning of a verse Com.: See Josh 5:4. 11:27

Six times

‫ראש פסוק‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

‫ִﬠיר ָדּוִ ד ָא ִביו‬ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 11:27; 11:43 (‫;)בּ ִﬠיר‬ ְ 15:24 (‫;)בּ ִﬠיר‬ ְ 22:51 (‫;)בּ ִﬠיר‬ ְ 2 Kgs 15:38 (‫)בּ ִﬠיר‬ ְ 6 2 Chr 9:31 (‫) ְבּ ִﬠיר ָדוִ יד‬ —————————— ‫ ִﬠיר ָדּוִ ד ָא ִביו‬six times

̇‫עיר דוד אביו ו‬

1–5 1 Kgs 11:27 Solomon of Shishak (1 Kgs 11:43) Asa of ‫( זִ ְקנָ תוֹ‬1 Kgs 15:24) Jehoshaphat of ‫( ָﬠ ָשׂה‬1 Kgs 22:51) Jotham of Rezin (2 Kgs 15:38) 6 ‫ וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַכּב ְשׁ�מֹה‬of Chronicles (2 Chr 9:31)

Mm ‫סגר‬ [‫שלמה )דשישה( ]דשישק‬ ‫אסא דזקנתו‬ ‫יהושפט דעשה‬ ‫יותם דרצין‬ ‫וישכב שלמה דדברי ימים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma with ‫א ִביו‬, ָ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (31x) without ‫ ְבּ ִﬠיר ָדּוִ ד( ָא ִביו‬/‫) ִﬠיר ָדּוִ ד‬.

The Mp headings at 1 Kgs 11:43, 22:51, and 2 Kgs 15:38 read four times in the book and refer to the four occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ ) ְבּ ִﬠיר ָדּוִ ד ָא ִביו( ב‬in the book of Kings. All the additional notations in the Mm refer to death notices in various passages. 1

2 3

At 1 Kgs 11:43 (of Shishak), the announcement of Solomon’s death comes immediately following the notice (in v. 40) that Jeroboam had fled to King Shishak of Egypt. At 1 Kgs 15:24, the announcement of King Asa’s death follows the notice (v. 23) that in his old age (‫ )זִ ְקנָ תוֹ‬he suffered from a foot ailment.

At 1 Kgs 22:51, the announcement of King Jehoshaphat’s death follows the notice that he had constructed (‫ ) ָﬠ ָשׂה‬Tarshish ships (v. 49).

228 4 5

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML At 2 Kgs 15:38, the announcement of King Jotham’s death follows the notice in the previous verse about the collusion of King Rezin of Aram and King Pekah of Israel against Judah. The additional notation of Chronicles to the 2 Chr 9:31 reference is to contrast that reference with its parallel in 1 Kgs 11:43 mentioned at the beginning of the list.

1 KINGS 11:28 ‫יוֹסף׃‬ ֽ ֵ ‫ל־ס ֶבל ֵ ֥בּית‬ ֖ ֵ ‫אכ ֙ה ֔הוּא וַ יַּ ְפ ֵ ֣ קד א ֹ֔תוֹ ְל ָכ‬ ָ ‫ֹשׂה ְמ ָל‬ ֤ ֵ ‫ת־ה ֗ ַנּ ַﬠר ִ ֽכּי־ע‬ ַ ‫מה ֶא‬ ֹ ֜ �‫וְ ָה ִ ֥אישׁ יָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם גִּ ֣בּוֹר ָ ֑חיִ ל וַ ַ֨יּ ְרא ְשׁ‬ ‫ס‬ 11:28

‫אכה‬ ָ ‫ע ֵֹשׂה ְמ ָל‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

1 Kgs 11:28; Ps 107:23 (‫ ;)ע ֵֹשׂי‬1 Chr 22:15 (‫ ;)ע ֵֹשׂי‬2 Chr 34:13 —————————— ‫אכה‬ ָ ‫ ע ֵֹשׂה ְמ ָל‬four times 1 Kgs 11:28 1 Chr 22:15 2 Chr 34:13 Ps 107:23

‫עשה מלאכה ̇ד‬

Mm

‫והאיש ירבעם‬ ‫ועמך לרב‬ ‫ועל הסבלים‬ ‫יורדי הים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma without the def. article, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) with the def. article ( ‫ע ֵֹשׂי‬/‫ע ֵֹשׂה‬ ‫אכה‬ ָ ‫)ה ְמּ ָל‬. ַ 11:28

‫וַ יַּ ְפ ֵקד‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 11:28; 2 Kgs 25:22

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬consec., to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a ‫ ו‬cj. (‫וְ יַ ְפ ֵקד‬, jussive) at Gen 41:34 and Esth 2:3.

1 KINGS

229

1 KINGS 11:29 ‫י�ני ַהנָּ ִ֜ביא ַבּ ֶ ֗דּ ֶר� וְ ֤הוּא ִמ ְת ַכּ ֶסּ ֙ה ְבּ ַשׂ ְל ָ ֣מה‬ ִ ֨ ‫ירוּשׁ ָל֑� וַ יִּ ְמ ָצ֣א א ֹ֡תוֹ ֲא ִחיָּ ֩ה ַה ִשּׁ‬ ָ ‫ַוֽ יְ ִה֙י ָבּ ֵﬠ֣ת ַה ִ֔היא וְ ָי ָֽ ר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם יָ ָצ֣א ִמ‬ ‫יהם ְל ַב ָ ֖דּם ַבּ ָשּׂ ֶ ֽדה׃‬ ֥ ֶ ֵ‫וּשׁנ‬ ְ ‫ֲח ָד ָ֔שׁה‬ 11:29

‫וַ יְ ִהי ָבּ ֵﬠת ַה ִהיא‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Gen 21:22 (‫;)ה ִהוא‬ ַ 38:1(‫;)ה ִהוא‬ ַ 1 Kgs 11:29 —————————— ‫ וַ יְ ִהי ָבּ ֵﬠת ַה ִהיא‬three times Gen 21:22 Gen 38:1 1 Kgs 11:29

‫ויהי בעת ההיא ̇ג‬

Mm

‫ויאמר אבימלך‬ ‫וירד יהודה‬ [‫)מירוש( ]מירושלם‬ ̇ ‫)ירבעם( ]וירבעם[ יצא‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from the two occurrences of its parallel ‫ וַ יְ ִהי ַבּיּוֹם ַההוּא‬at Gen 26:32 and 1 Sam 3:2.

In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫בּ ֵﬠת‬,ָ but it is clear from the Mm heading that the lemma consists of the three word phrase ‫וַ יְ ִהי ָבּ ֵﬠת ַה ִהיא‬. 11:29

Unique

‫ְבּ ַשׂ ְל ָמה ֲח ָד ָשׁה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the indef. form of this lemma with a new robe, to distinguish it from the sole occurrence of the def. form ‫ ַבּ ַשּׂ ְל ָמה ַה ֲח ָד ָשׁה‬with the new robe in the next verse.

1 KINGS 11:30 ‫שׁר ָﬠ ָל֑יו וַ ִ֨יּ ְק ָר ֔ ֶﬠ ָה ְשׁ ֵנ֥ים ָﬠ ָ ֖שׂר ְק ָר ִ ֽﬠים׃‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וַ יִּ ְת ֹ֣פּשׂ ֲא ִח ָ֔יּה ַבּ ַשּׂ ְל ָ ֥מה ַה ֲח ָד ָ ֖שׁה ֲא‬ 11:30 Unique

‫ַבּ ַשּׂ ְל ָמה ַה ֲח ָד ָשׁה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the def. form of this lemma, to distinguish it from the occurrence of its indef. form (‫ ) ְבּ ַשׂ ְל ָמה ֲח ָד ָשׁה‬in the preceding verse.

230

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 11:31

‫ת־ה ַמּ ְמ ָל ָכ ֙ה ִמיַּ ֣ד‬ ַ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ִהנְ ֨ ִני ק ֵ ֹ֤ר ַ� ֶא‬ ֣ ֵ ‫הוה ֱא‬ ָ֜ ְ‫ח־ל�֖ ֲﬠ ָשׂ ָ ֣רה ְק ָר ִ ֑ﬠים ִ ֣כּי כ ֹ֩ה ָא ַ֨מר י‬ ְ ‫אמ ֙ר ְל ָי ָֽ ר ְב ֔ ָﬠם ַק‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫מה וְ נָ ַת ִ ֣תּי ְל ֔� ֵ ֖את ֲﬠ ָשׂ ָ ֥רה ַה ְשּׁ ָב ִ ֽטים׃‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ְשׁ‬ 11:31

‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ִכּי כֹה ָא ַמר יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See Josh 7:13.

Mp

In ML only three circelli have been placed on this six-word phrase; see above at v. 9. 11:31

Unique

‫ֲﬠ ָשׂ ָרה ַה ְשּׁ ָב ִטים‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

—————————— Of �ַ ‫( ִהנְ נִ י ק ֵֹר‬1 Kgs 11:31)

Of ‫לוּכה‬ ָ ‫( וְ ָל ַק ְח ִתּי ַה ְמּ‬1 Kgs 11:35)

‫דהנני קרע ונתתי >לך את< עשרה‬

Mm

‫דולקחתי המלוכה ונתתיה לך את עשרת‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma, to distinguish it from its parallel ‫ ֲﬠ ֶשׂ ֶרת ַה ְשּׁ ָב ִטים‬in v. 35. The Mm note illustrates this difference. The additional notes refer to the verses in which these alternate forms occur.

1 KINGS 11:32 ‫שׁר ָבּ ַ ֣ח ְר ִתּי ָ֔בהּ ִמ ֖כֹּל ִשׁ ְב ֵ ֥טי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֣ ֶ ‫יר ֲא‬ ֙ ‫וּשׁ ֔ ַל ִם ָה ִﬠ‬ ָ ‫ﬠן יְ ֣ר‬ ֙ ַ ‫וּל ַ֨מ‬ ְ ‫וְ ַה ֵ ֥שּׁ ֶבט ָה ֶא ָ ֖חד יִ ְֽהיֶ ה־לּ֑ וֹ ְל ַ ֣מ ַﬠן ׀ ַﬠ ְב ִ ֣דּי ָד ִ֗וד‬ 11:32 Unique

‫וְ ַה ֵשּׁ ֶבט ָה ֶא ָחד‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the def. form of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from the four occurrences of its indef. form without a cj (‫)א ָחד ֵשׁ ֶבט‬, ֶ two occurrences of which are found in vv. 13 and 36 of this chapter.

1 KINGS

231

1 KINGS 11:33 ‫ֽי־ﬠ ֑מּוֹן וְ ֽל ֹא־‬ ַ ‫�הי ְב ֵנ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫וּל ִמ ְל ֖כֹּם ֱא‬ ְ ‫מוֹאב‬ ָ֔ ‫�הי‬ ֣ ֵ ‫מוֹשׁ ֱא‬ ֙ ‫�הי ִ ֽצד ֹנִ ין֒ ִל ְכ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫שׁר ֲﬠזָ ֗בוּנִ י וַ ִיּ ְֽשׁ ַתּ ֲח ֮ווּ ְל ַﬠ ְשׁתּ ֶֹר ֮ת ֱא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ַי ַ֣ﬠן ׀ ֲא‬ ‫וּמ ְשׁ ָפּ ַ ֖טי ְכּ ָדִ ֥וד ָא ִ ֽביו׃‬ ִ ‫ָה ְל ֣כוּ ִב ְד ָר ַ֗כי ַל ֲﬠ ֨שׂוֹת ַהיָּ ָ ֧שׁר ְבּ ֵﬠ ַינ֛י וְ ֻחקּ ַ ֹ֥תי‬ 11:33

‫ִצד ֹנִ ין‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene.

This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One is in a list of words occurring only once with a final ‫ ;ן‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §75, and Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §72. The other is in a list of forms of ‫ ִצד ֹנִ ין‬written defective ‫ ;ו‬see Judg 18:7, and the Mm at Ezra 3:7 sub ‫ל ִצּד ֹנִ ים‬.ַ 11:33

‫וְ ֻחקּ ַֹתי‬

Nine times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 6:12 (‫;)בּ ֻחקּ ַֹתי‬ ְ 9:6 (‫;)חקּ ַֹתי‬ ֻ 11:11; 11:33; 11:34 6–9 Jer 44:10 (‫;)וּב ֻחקּ ַֹתי‬ ְ Ezek 11:20 (‫;)בּ ֻחקּ ַֹתי‬ ְ 44:24 (‫;)חקּ ַֹתי‬ ֻ Ps 89:32 (‫)חקּ ַֹתי‬ ֻ

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (18x) written plene ‫( ו‬e.g., ‫)חקּו̇ ַתי‬. ֻ This enumeration does not include the eleven occurrences of this lemma in the Torah.

The Mp heading at Ps 89:32 reads nine times defective and similarly all the Torah apart from once (Gen 26:5).

1 KINGS 11:34 ‫שׁר ָבּ ַ ֣ח ְר ִתּי א ֹ֔תוֹ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ַמּ ְמ ָל ָ ֖כה ִמיָּ ֑דוֹ ִ ֣כּי ׀ נָ ִ ֣שׂיא ֲא ִשׁ ֶ֗תנּוּ ֹ֚כּל יְ ֵ ֣מי ַח ָ֔יּיו ְל ַ֨מ ַﬠן ָדִּו֤ד ַﬠ ְב ִ ֙דּי ֲא‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫א־א ַ ֥קּח ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וְ ֽל‬ ‫וֹתי וְ ֻחקּ ָ ֹֽתי׃‬ ֥ ַ ‫ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָשׁ ַ ֖מר ִמ ְצ‬ 11:34

‫ֲא ִשׁ ֶתנּוּ‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫י‬.

232

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

11:34

‫וְ ֻחקּ ָֹתי‬

Nine times defective

Mp

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 11:33.

1 KINGS 11:35 ‫יה ְלּ ֔� ֵ ֖את ֲﬠ ֶ ֥שׂ ֶרת ַה ְשּׁ ָב ִ ֽטים׃‬ ָ ‫לוּכה ִמיַּ ֣ד ְבּנ֑ וֹ וּנְ ַת ִ ֣תּ‬ ֖ ָ ‫וְ ָל ַק ְח ִ ֥תּי ַה ְמּ‬ 11:35

‫ֲﬠ ֶשׂ ֶרת ַה ְשּׁ ָב ִטים‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma, to distinguish it from its parallel ‫ ֲﬠ ָשׂ ָרה ַה ְשּׁ ָב ִטים‬in v. 31; see directly above at 1 Kgs 11:31.

1 KINGS 11:36 ‫שׁר ָבּ ַ ֣ח ְר ִתּי ֔ ִלי‬ ֣ ֶ ‫יר ֲא‬ ֙ ‫וּשׁ ֔ ַל ִם ָה ִﬠ‬ ָ ‫ל־היָּ ִ ֤מים ׀ ְל ָפנַ ֙י ִבּ ֣יר‬ ַ ‫יד־ﬠ ְב ִדּי ָ ֽכּ‬ ַ֠ ִ‫וֹת־נ֣יר ְל ָ ֽדו‬ ִ ֽ‫ט־א ָ ֑חד ְל ַ ֣מ ַﬠן ֱהי‬ ֶ ‫וְ ִל ְבנ֖ וֹ ֶא ֵ ֣תּן ֵ ֽשׁ ֶב‬ ‫ָל ֥שׂוּם ְשׁ ִ ֖מי ָ ֽשׁם׃‬ 11:36

‫ְל ָדוִ יד‬

Five times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 3:14.

Mp

1 KINGS 11:37 ‫֥ית ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ָ ִ‫ר־תּ ַאֶוּ֖ה נַ ְפ ֶ ֑שׁ� וְ ָהי‬ ְ ‫וּמ ַל ְכ ָ֔תּ ְבּ ֥כֹל ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֣ ָ ‫וְ א ְֹת�֣ ֶא ַ ֔קּח‬ 11:37

Three pairs

‫ֶא ַ ֔קּח‬ ‫זוג‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1

Gen 41:5 (‫ישׁן‬ ָ֕ ִ‫ )וַ יּ‬and 1 Kgs 19:5 (‫ישׁן‬ ַ֔ ִ‫)וַ יּ‬

3

Isa 47:3 (‫)א ָ ֔קּח‬ ֶ and 1 Kgs 11:37 (‫)א ַ ֔קּח‬ ֶ

2

Num 18:20 (‫)תּנְ ָ֔חל‬ ִ and Deut 19:14 (‫)תּנְ ַ֔חל‬ ִ

——————————

1 KINGS Three pairs that have a zaqeṕ, one (part of each pair) has a qameṣ, and the other a paṯaḥ 1

Gen 41:5 1 Kgs 19:5

2

Num 18:20 Deut 19:14

3

Isa 47:3 1 Kgs 11:37

233 ‫זקפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ג זוגין> ̇ב< ̇ב‬ ‫חד קמץ וחד פתח‬

Mm

‫)וישן( ]ויישן[ ויחלם שנית‬ ‫וישכב )וישן( ]ויישן[ תחת‬ ‫בארצם לא תנחל וחלק‬ ‫בנחלתך אשר תנחל‬ ‫נקם אקח ולא אפגע אדם‬ ‫ואתך אקח ומלכת בכל אשר תאוה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes three pairs each containing the same word that has a zaqeṕ accent, but in one part of each pair the word has a qameṣ and in the other part it has a paṯaḥ. Notes on the Mp headings Gen 41:5 (‫ישׁן‬ ָ֕ ִ‫)וַ יּ‬

1 Kgs 11:37; 19:5

Num 18:20 (‫)תּנְ ָ֔חל‬ ִ Deut 19:14 (‫)תּנְ ַ֔חל‬ ִ Isa 47:3 (‫)א ָ ֔קּח‬ ֶ

Unique zaqeṕ qameṣ. Notes the qameṣ vowel with the zaqeṕ gaḏôl accent for this particular form.

Three times. Notes the three cases of pairs illustrated above.

Twice, one qameṣ and once paṯaḥ. Refers to the two forms ‫ ִתּנְ ָ֔חל‬and ‫ִתּנְ ַ֔חל‬ at Deut 19:1. Unique with paṯaḥ (‫)ל‬. ַ ֗ Notes the paṯaḥ vowel with the zaqeṕ accent for this particular form. Unique zaqeṕ qameṣ. Notes the qameṣ vowel with the zaqeṕ accent for this particular form.

1 KINGS 11:38 ‫וֹתי ַכּ ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר‬ ַ֔ ‫וּמ ְצ‬ ִ ‫קּוֹת֙י‬ ַ ‫ית ַהיָּ ָ ֤שׁר ְבּ ֵﬠינַ ֙י ִל ְשׁ ֤מוֹר ֻח‬ ָ ‫שׁר ֲא ַצוֶּ �֒ וְ ָה ַל ְכ ָ ֣תּ ִב ְד ָר ַ֗כי וְ ָﬠ ִ֨שׂ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־א‬ ֲ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ם־תּ ְשׁ ַמ ֮ע ֶא‬ ִ ‫וְ ָה ָ֗יה ִא‬ ‫֣יתי ְל ָד ִ֔וד וְ נָ ַת ִ ֥תּי ְל�֖ ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ִ ‫שׁר ָבּ ִנ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫מן ַכּ ֲא‬ ֙ ָ ‫יתי ְל�֤ ַ ֽביִ ת־נֶ ֱא‬ ִ ‫וּב ֨ ִנ‬ ָ �‫֣יתי ִﬠ ָ֗מּ‬ ִ ִ‫ָﬠ ָ ֖שׂה ָדִּו֣ד ַﬠ ְב ִ ֑דּי וְ ָהי‬ 11:38 Unique

‫ם־תּ ְשׁ ַמע‬ ִ ‫וְ ָהיָ ה ִא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the phrase ‫ וְ ָהיָ ה ִאם‬with ‫תּ ְשׁ ַמע‬,ִ to distinguish it from its occurrence with ‫מוֹ� ִתּ ְשׁ ַמע‬ ַ ‫מוֹ� ִתּ ְשׁ ַמע( ָשׁ‬ ַ ‫ם־שׁ‬ ָ ‫ )וְ ָהיָ ה ִא‬at Deut 28:1.

234 11:38

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML � ֶ‫ֲא ַצוּ‬

Unique raṕê

Mp

‫̇ל רפי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written raṕê, that is, without a daḡeš in the ‫ך‬, to distinguish it from its two occurrences written with a daḡeš in the ‫)א ַצוֶּ ךָּ ( ך‬ ֲ at Exod 7:2 and Jer 1:17. 11:38

‫ִל ְשׁמוֹר‬

Eight times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ח‬

Mp

1–5 2 Sam 16:21; 1 Kgs 11:38; Qoh 3:6; Neh 10:30 (‫ ;)וְ ִל ְשׁמוֹר‬1 Chr 22:12 (‫)וְ ִל ְשׁמוֹר‬ 6–8 1 Chr 29:19; 2 Chr 5:11; 34:31 (‫)וְ ִל ְשׁמוֹר‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) written defective ‫וְ ִל ְשׁמֹר( ו‬/‫) ִל ְשׁמֹר‬.

This distinction is implied in the Mm to 2 Sam 16:21 in the additional notation of Chronicles to the 2 Chr 34:31 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Kgs 23:3, where the lemma occurs as ‫וְ ִל ְשׁמֹר‬. The headings of the Mp here, and at the Mm of 2 Sam 16:21 read eight times plene for the occurrences of this lemma with and without the ‫ ו‬cj. The Mp headings at Qoh 3:6, 1 Chr 29:19, 2 Chr 5:11 and 34:1 and the Mm at 1 Chr 29:19 read five times plene noting the five occurrences of this lemma without the ‫ ו‬cj.

The Mp heading at 1 Chr 22:12 reads unique plene (‫)וְ ִל ְשׁמוֹר‬, but there are two other occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj. (at Neh 10:30 and 2 Chr 34:31). At Neh 10:30, the letters for ‫מל‬ ̇ are clear but only the top of the ‫ ח‬eight is visible.

1 KINGS 11:39 ‫ל־היָּ ִ ֽמים׃ ס‬ ַ ‫ת־ז ַ֥ רע ָדִּ ֖וד ְל ַ ֣מ ַﬠן ֑ז ֹאת ַ ֖א� ֥ל ֹא ָכ‬ ֶ ‫ֽאﬠ ֶנּ֛ה ֶא‬ ַ ‫ַו‬ 11:39 Unique

‫אﬠנֶּ ה‬ ַ ַ‫ו‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

235

Com.: This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One is in a list of words where an ‫ א‬is written but not read: see the Mm to Num 11:4 sub ‫אס ְפ ֻסף‬ ַ ‫וְ ָה‬, Frensdorff, Ochlah, §103, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §86.

The other is in a list of words where an ‫א‬, that is expected in the middle of a word is not written or an ‫ א‬that is written as expected but is not pronounced; see the Mm to 1 Chr 12:39 sub ‫שׁ ִרית‬, ֵ Frensdorff, Ochlah, §199, and Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §153. 11:39

Unique

‫לֹא ָכל‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its occurrence with a cj. (‫ )וְ לֹא ָכּל‬at Ps 115:17.

1 KINGS 11:41 ‫מה׃‬ ֹ ֽ �‫ל־ס ֶפר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי ְשׁ‬ ֖ ֵ ‫וֹא־הם ְכּ ֻת ִ֔בים ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ל־א ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֖שׂה וְ ָח ְכ ָמ ֑תוֹ ֲה ֽל‬ ֲ ‫מה וְ ָכ‬ ֹ ֛ �‫וְ ֶ֨י ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֧רי ְשׁ‬ 11:41

‫מה‬ ֹ ֪ �‫וְ ֶ֨י ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֧רי ְשׁ‬

Twice with the accents (ʾazlâ, dargâ or mêrəḵâ, and təḇîr) in the book

[‫̇ב בט]ע̇[ בסי] ̇פ‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 11:41 (Solomon); 16:5 (Baasha); 22:46 (Jehoshaphat) 2 Kgs 10:34 (Jehu); 13:8 (Jehoahaz)

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since there are five occurrences of this lemma with these accents as correctly indicated in the Mp headings at 1 Kgs 16:5 and 22:46.

The Masorah notes these five occurrences of the phrase ‫ וְ יֶ ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵרי‬in the book with the accents ʾazlâ, dargâ or mêrəḵâ followed by a king’s name with təḇîr.

The Mp heading at 2 Kgs 10:34 reads twice with these accents in the book and is limited to the two references of the phrase ‫ וְ יֶ ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי‬with the accent mêrəḵâ (not dargâ) there and at 1 Kgs 16:5. Both MC and MA correctly read here five times with these accents in the book. 11:41

‫ֲהלוֹא‬

Seventeen times plene in the book Com.: See 1 Kgs 2:42.

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫י̇ ז‬

Mp

236 11:41

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ְכּ ֻת ִבים‬

Five times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 11:41; 2 Kgs 14:18*; 23:3 (‫;)ה ְכּ ֻת ִבים‬ ַ 2 Kgs 23:24 (‫;)ה ְכּ ֻת ִבים‬ ַ Jer 51:60 (‫)ה ְכּ ֻת ִבים‬ ַ —————————— ‫ ְכּ ֻת ִבים‬five times defective 1–5 1 Kgs 11:41 2 Kgs 14:18 2 Kgs 23:3 2 Kgs 23:24 Jer 51:60

‫כתבים ̇ה חסירין‬

Mm

‫שלמה‬ ‫אמציהו‬ ‫ויעמד המלך על העמוד‬ ‫וגם את האבות ואת הידענים‬ ‫ויכתב ירמיהו את כל הרעה‬

And similarly all the Torah

‫דכות‬ ̇ ‫אורית‬ ̇ ‫וכל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (53x) written plene ‫תוּבים( ו‬ ִ ‫ ַה ְכּ‬/‫תוּבים‬ ִ ‫) ְכּ‬. The Mm has an additional note that this lemma written defective ‫ ו‬is also the norm (6x) in the Torah.

* ML, contrary to M (‫)כּ ֻת ִבים‬, ְ writes the form at 2 Kgs 14:18 plene ‫תוּבים( ו‬ ִ ‫;)כּ‬ ְ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 128. On the other hand, contrary to M (‫תוּבים‬ ִ ‫)כּ‬, ְ it writes the form at 2 Kgs 15:15 defective ‫;)כּ ֻת ִבים( ו‬ ְ see ibid.

The Mp heading at Jer 51:60 reads six times defective (‫)ו‬, presumably including the Torah references as the extra unit.

1 KINGS 11:42 ‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ַא ְר ָבּ ִ ֖ﬠים ָשׁ ָנֽה׃‬ ָ ‫ירוּשׁ ֨ ַל ִ ֙ם ַﬠ‬ ָ ‫מה ִב‬ ֹ ֤ �‫וְ ַהיָּ ִ֗מים ֲא ֶשׁר֩ ָמ ֨ ַל� ְשׁ‬ 11:42

‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ָ ‫ַﬠ‬

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 11:2.

Mp

1 KINGS

237

1 KINGS 11:43 ‫ם־אב ָֹ֔תיו וַ ִ֨יּ ָקּ ֵ֔בר ְבּ ִ ֖ﬠיר ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ ֑ביו וַ יִּ ְמ�֛ � ְר ַח ְב ָ ֥ﬠם ְבּנ֖ וֹ ַתּ ְח ָ ֽתּיו׃ ס‬ ֲ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֤כּב ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ִﬠ‬ 11:43

‫ְבּ ִﬠיר ָדּוִ ד ָא ִביו‬

Four times in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 11:27.

1 KINGS 12:1 ‫וַ יֵּ ֶ֥ל� ְר ַח ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ְשׁ ֶכ֑ם ִ ֥כּי ְשׁ ֶכ֛ם ָ ֥בּא ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ְל ַה ְמ ִ ֥לי� א ֹֽתוֹ׃‬ 12:1

�‫ָבּא ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל ְל ַה ְמ ִלי‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of �‫ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל ְל ַה ְמ ִלי‬with ‫בּא‬,ָ to distinguish this phrase from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ָבּאוּ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל ְל ַה ְמ ִלי�( ָבּאוּ‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 10:1.

In ML only two circelli have been placed between the first two and last two words. However, with four- or five-word phrases it is not unusual for only two circelli to be given; see also at 1 Kgs 1:27; 5:5 and passim.

1 KINGS 12:2 ‫מה וַ יֵּ ֶ֥שׁב יָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ְבּ ִמ ְצ ָ ֽריִ ם׃‬ ֹ ֑ �‫שׁר ָבּ ַ ֔רח ִמ ְפּ ֵנ֖י ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫עוֹדנּוּ ְב ִמ ְצ ַ ֔ריִ ם ֲא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫הוּא‬ ֙ ְ‫מ ַ� ׀ יָ ָר ְב ָ ֣ﬠם ֶבּן־נְ ָ֗בט ו‬ ֹ ֣ ‫וַ יְ ִ֞הי ִכּ ְשׁ‬ 12:2

‫וַ יְ ִ֞הי‬

Nine times with this accent (geršayim) in the book Com.: See 1 Kgs 3:18.

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1 KINGS 12:3 ‫מר׃‬ ֹ ֽ ‫ל־ר ַח ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ֵלא‬ ְ ‫ל־ק ַ ֣הל יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ַוֽ יְ ַד ְבּ ֔רוּ ֶא‬ ְ ‫אוּ־לוֹ וַ יָּ ֥ב ֹאו יָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם וְ ָכ‬ ֔ ‫חוּ וַ יִּ ְק ְר‬ ֙ ‫ַוֽ יִּ ְשׁ ְל‬ 12:3

‫וַ יָּ בֹאו‬

Read ‫וַ יָּ בֹא‬

‫ויבא ̇ק‬

Mp

1 KINGS

237

1 KINGS 11:43 ‫ם־אב ָֹ֔תיו וַ ִ֨יּ ָקּ ֵ֔בר ְבּ ִ ֖ﬠיר ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ ֑ביו וַ יִּ ְמ�֛ � ְר ַח ְב ָ ֥ﬠם ְבּנ֖ וֹ ַתּ ְח ָ ֽתּיו׃ ס‬ ֲ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֤כּב ְשׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ִﬠ‬ 11:43

‫ְבּ ִﬠיר ָדּוִ ד ָא ִביו‬

Four times in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 11:27.

1 KINGS 12:1 ‫וַ יֵּ ֶ֥ל� ְר ַח ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ְשׁ ֶכ֑ם ִ ֥כּי ְשׁ ֶכ֛ם ָ ֥בּא ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ְל ַה ְמ ִ ֥לי� א ֹֽתוֹ׃‬ 12:1

�‫ָבּא ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל ְל ַה ְמ ִלי‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of �‫ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל ְל ַה ְמ ִלי‬with ‫בּא‬,ָ to distinguish this phrase from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ָבּאוּ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל ְל ַה ְמ ִלי�( ָבּאוּ‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 10:1.

In ML only two circelli have been placed between the first two and last two words. However, with four- or five-word phrases it is not unusual for only two circelli to be given; see also at 1 Kgs 1:27; 5:5 and passim.

1 KINGS 12:2 ‫מה וַ יֵּ ֶ֥שׁב יָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ְבּ ִמ ְצ ָ ֽריִ ם׃‬ ֹ ֑ �‫שׁר ָבּ ַ ֔רח ִמ ְפּ ֵנ֖י ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫עוֹדנּוּ ְב ִמ ְצ ַ ֔ריִ ם ֲא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫הוּא‬ ֙ ְ‫מ ַ� ׀ יָ ָר ְב ָ ֣ﬠם ֶבּן־נְ ָ֗בט ו‬ ֹ ֣ ‫וַ יְ ִ֞הי ִכּ ְשׁ‬ 12:2

‫וַ יְ ִ֞הי‬

Nine times with this accent (geršayim) in the book Com.: See 1 Kgs 3:18.

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1 KINGS 12:3 ‫מר׃‬ ֹ ֽ ‫ל־ר ַח ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ֵלא‬ ְ ‫ל־ק ַ ֣הל יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ַוֽ יְ ַד ְבּ ֔רוּ ֶא‬ ְ ‫אוּ־לוֹ וַ יָּ ֥ב ֹאו יָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם וְ ָכ‬ ֔ ‫חוּ וַ יִּ ְק ְר‬ ֙ ‫ַוֽ יִּ ְשׁ ְל‬ 12:3

‫וַ יָּ בֹאו‬

Read ‫וַ יָּ בֹא‬

‫ויבא ̇ק‬

Mp

238

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ויבאו‬, they came), and the qərê (‫וַ יָּ בֹא‬, he came) are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations in number; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 138.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ ו‬is written but not read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §120, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §106. 12:3

‫ל־ק ַהל‬ ְ ‫וְ ָכ‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 8:14.

1 KINGS 12:4 ‫וּמ ֻﬠלּ֧ וֹ ַה ָכּ ֵ ֛בד ֲא ֶשׁר־נָ ַ ֥תן ָﬠ ֵל֖ינוּ וְ נַ ַﬠ ְב ֶ ֽדךָּ ׃‬ ֵ ‫ת־ﬠ ֵלּ֑נוּ וְ ַא ָ֡תּה ַﬠ ָ ֣תּה ָה ֵק ֩ל ֵמ ֲﬠב ַ ֹ֨דת ָא ִ֜בי� ַה ָקּ ָ֗שׁה‬ ֻ ‫ָא ִ ֖בי� ִה ְק ָ ֣שׁה ֶא‬ 12:4

‫אַתּה ַﬠ ָתּה‬ ָ ְ‫ו‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without a cj. at Gen 26:29 and 1 Kgs 21:7; see the Mm at Gen 26:9 sub ‫אַתּה ַﬠ ָתּה‬ ָ , and 1 Kgs 21:7.

1 KINGS 12:5 ‫�שׁה יָ ִ ֖מים וְ ֣שׁוּבוּ ֵא ָל֑י וַ יֵּ ְל ֖כוּ ָה ָ ֽﬠם׃‬ ֥ ָ ‫יהם ְל ֥כוּ ֛ﬠֹד ְשׁ‬ ֶ֗ ‫אמר ֲא ֵל‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ 12:5

‫�שׁה יָ ִמים‬ ָ ‫ְלכוּ עֹד ְשׁ‬

Kings 1 Kgs 12:5

‫ מלכים‬Mm ‫לכו עד שלשה ימים‬

Chronicles 2 Chr 10:5

‫דדברי הימים‬ ‫עוד שלשת ימים ושובו‬

(mnemonic) ‫ל ע ה ע ת י‬

̇‫̇ל ̇ע ̇ה ̇ע ̇ת י‬

1 KINGS

239

Com.: The Masorah lists the parallel passages in 1 Kgs 12:5 and 2 Chr 10:5 and notes their differences by means of a six-letter mnemonic, ̇‫ ̇ל ̇ע ̇ה ̇ע ̇תי‬, each letter of which marks the three words where the passages differ. The first three letters ‫ לעה‬represent words that are cited from the Kings verse.

The first letter ‫ ל‬represents the first word ‫לכוּ‬,ְ which does not occur in the Chronicles verse. The second letter ‫ ע‬represents the second word ‫עֹד‬, which is written defective ‫ ו‬in Kings (but plene ‫ ו‬in Chronicles).

The third letter ‫ ה‬represents the third word ‫�שׁה‬ ָ ‫ ְשׁ‬in the Kings verse, because it is written with a ‫ ה‬whereas the word in Chronicles is written with a ‫�שׁת( ת‬ ֶ ‫)שׁ‬. ְ The last three letters ‫ עתי‬represent the first three words that are cited from the Chronicles verse.

The letter ‫ ע‬represents the first word ‫עוֹד‬, which is written plene ‫ ו‬in Chronicles (but defective ‫ ו‬in Kings).

The letter ‫ ת‬represents the second word ‫�שׁת‬ ֶ ‫שׁ‬, ְ which is written with a ‫ ת‬in Chronicles but with a ‫�שׁה( ה‬ ָ ‫)שׁ‬ ְ in the Kings verse.

The letter ‫ י‬represents the word ‫ יָ ִמים‬of the Chronicles verse which, although it is the same as in the Kings verse, is part of the mnemonic because it is the third word in the cited lines; see Dotan and Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.

This lemma occurs in the ms. on folio 193v, but the Mm note appears on the top left of the following folio 194r. 12:5

‫עֹד‬

Fourteen times defective

Com.: See 2 Sam 14:32. 12:5

Four times

‫�שׁה יָ ִמים‬ ָ ‫ְשׁ‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ד‬

Mp

1 Sam 30:12; 1 Kgs 12:5; 2 Kgs 2:17; Jonah 2:1 ——————————

240

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫�שׁה יָ ִמים‬ ָ ‫ ְשׁ‬four times 1 Sam 30:12 1 Kgs 12:5 2 Kgs 2:17 Jonah 2:1

‫שלשה ימים ̇ד‬

Mm

‫ויתנו לו פלח דבלה‬ ‫ויאמר אלהים לכו עד‬ ‫ויבקשו שלשה ימים‬ ‫ויהי יונה במעי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of ‫ יָ ִמים‬with ‫�שׁה‬ ָ ‫שׁ‬, ְ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (28x) with ‫�שׁת‬ ֶ ‫�שׁת יָ ִמים( ְשׁ‬ ֶ ‫) ְשׁ‬.

This lemma occurs in the ms. on folio 193v, but the Mm note appears on the top left of the following folio 194r

1 KINGS 12:6 ‫מר ֵ ֚אי� ַא ֶ ֣תּם‬ ֹ ֑ ‫מה ָא ִ֔ביו ִ ֽבּ ְהי ֹ֥תוֹ ַ ֖חי ֵלא‬ ֹ ֣ �‫ת־פּנֵ ֙י ְשׁ‬ ְ ‫ר־הי֣ וּ ע ְֹמ ִ ֗דים ֶא‬ ָ ‫ים ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֙ ִ‫ת־הזְּ ֵקנ‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ וָּ ֞ ַﬠץ ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְר ַח ְב ֗ ָﬠם ֶא‬ ‫ם־ה ֶזּ֖ה ָדּ ָ ֽבר׃‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ָﬠ‬ ֽ ָ ‫וֹﬠ ִ֔צים ְל ָה ִ ֥שׁיב ֶא‬ ָ ֽ‫נ‬ 12:6

‫ת־הזְּ ֵקנִ ים‬ ַ ‫ֶא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 12:6; 2 Chr 10:6

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the parallel passages of 1 Kings and 2 Chronicles. 12:6

‫ִבּ ְהיֹתוֹ‬

Three times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 12:6; Jer 39:15; 2 Chr 10:6

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written defective first ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences written plene first ‫)בּ ְהיוֹתוֹ( ו‬. ִ 12:6

Five times

‫נוֹﬠ ִצים‬ ָ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 12:6; 12:9; Prov 13:10; 2 Chr 10:6; 10:9 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫נוֹﬠ ִצים‬ ָ five times and plene

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫נועצים ̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 12:6 2 Chr 10:6 1 Kgs 12:9 And its companion (2 Chr 10:9) Prov 13:10

241

Mm

‫ויועץ המלך רחבעם‬ ‫ויועץ המלך‬ ‫ויאמר אליהם‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫ואת נועצים חכמה‬

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs five times and written plene ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 12:7 ‫טוֹבים וְ ָהי֥ וּ‬ ֑ ִ ‫יהם ְדּ ָב ִ ֣רים‬ ֖ ֶ ‫יתם וְ ִד ַבּ ְר ָ ֥תּ ֲא ֵל‬ ָ֕ ִ‫ה־ﬠ ֶבד ָל ָ ֤ﬠם ַהזֶּ ֙ה ַ ֽו ֲﬠ ַב ְד ָ֔תּם וַ ֲﬠנ‬ ֶ ֜ ֶ‫ם־היּוֹם ִ ֽתּ ְהי‬ ַ ֠ ‫מר ִא‬ ֹ ֗ ‫וַ יְ ַד ְבּ ֻ ֨ר ֵא ֜ ָליו ֵלא‬ ‫ל־היָּ ִ ֽמים׃‬ ַ ‫ְל�֛ ֲﬠ ָב ִ ֖דים ָכּ‬ 12:7

‫וַ יְ ַד ְבּ ֻר‬

Read ‫וַ יְ ַד ְבּרוּ‬

‫קר‬ ̇ ‫וידברו‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫וידבר‬, he spoke), and the qərê (‫וַ יְ ַד ְבּרוּ‬, they spoke) are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations, where a word ending in a ‫ ו‬is read even though it is not written; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §119, Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §105, and Gordis, The Biblical Text, 97. In ML this lemma has no circellus. 12:7

Four times

‫וַ ֲﬠ ַב ְד ָתּם‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Deut 4:19; 8:19; 30:17; 1 Kgs 12:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫( ת‬2nd masc. sg. plus sfx.), to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (13x) of this lemma with a səḡôl (‫וַ ֲﬠ ַב ְד ֶתּם‬, 2nd masc. pl.); see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §262. This distinction is implied in the headings of the Mp at Deut 8:19 (‫)ד‬, ָ and of the Mm at Deut 4:19, which read four times with qameṣ, thereby assuming a contrast with a form with a different vowel under the ‫ת‬, which can only be a səḡôl.

242

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

12:7

‫יתם‬ ָ ִ‫וַ ֲﬠנ‬

Unique with qameṣ

‫֗ ָל‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading of unique with qameṣ is inexact since this form does not occur elsewhere with a different vowel. The note more precisely should have read unique and with qameṣ; see Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.

MA reads here unique, whereas MC adds ‫“ וחד יי אלהינו אתה עניתם‬and once (‫יתם‬ ָ ִ‫)ﬠנ‬ ֲ ‫יְ הוָ ה‬ ‫יתם‬ ָ ִ‫אַתּה ֲﬠנ‬ ָ ‫�הינוּ‬ ֵ ‫( ” ֱא‬Ps 99:8), noting the contrast between this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., and the form without a cj. at Ps 99:8; see also Frensdorff, Ochlah, §1, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §1.

1 KINGS 12:8 ‫שׁר גָּ ְדל֣ וּ ִא ֔תּוֹ ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָהע ְֹמ ִ ֖דים ְל ָפ ָנֽיו׃‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ים ֲא‬ ֙ ‫ת־היְ ָל ִד‬ ַ ‫שׁר יְ ָﬠ ֻצ֑הוּ וַ יִּ וָּ ֗ ַﬠץ ֶא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ת־ﬠ ַ ֥צת ַהזְּ ֵק ִנ֖ים ֲא‬ ֲ ‫ַוֽ יַּ ֲﬠ ֹ֛זב ֶא‬ 12:8

‫יְ ָﬠ ֻצהוּ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 12:8; 12:13; 2 Chr 10:8

Com.: The Masorah here simply notes the three occurrences of this lemma. However, the Mp headings to 1 Kgs 12:13 and 2 Chr 10:8 read three times and defective (‫)ו‬, thereby correctly noting that this lemma does not occur written plene ‫ו‬. Both MC and MA also read here three times and defective. 12:8

Unique

‫ֲא ֶשׁר ָהע ְֹמ ִדים‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ָהע ְֹמ ִדים‬with ‫א ֶשׁר‬, ֲ to distinguish it from its occurrence without ‫ ֲא ֶשׁר‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 10:8.

‫‪243‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS‬‬ ‫‪1 KINGS 12:9‬‬

‫ן־ה ֔עֹל ֲא ֶשׁר־‬ ‫מר ָה ֵקל֙ ִמ ָ‬ ‫ת־ה ָ ֣ﬠם ַה ֶזּ֑ה ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ִדּ ְבּ ֤רוּ ֵא ַ ֙לי ֵלא ֔ ֹ‬ ‫וֹﬠ ִ֔צים וְ נָ ִ ֥שׁיב ָדּ ָ ֖בר ֶא ָ‬ ‫יהם ָ ֚מה ַא ֶ ֣תּם נֽ ָ‬ ‫אמר ֲא ֵל ֶ֗‬ ‫וַ ֣יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫נָ ַ ֥תן ָא ִ ֖בי� ָﬠ ֵ ֽלינוּ׃‬ ‫נוֹﬠ ִצים‬ ‫ָ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪12:9‬‬ ‫‪Five times‬‬

‫̇ה‬

‫‪Com.: See immediately above at 1 Kgs 12:6.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 12:10‬‬ ‫מר ָא ִ֨ב ֙י� ִה ְכ ִ ֣בּיד‬ ‫ֹאמר ָל ָ ֣ﬠם ַה ֶ֡זּה ֲא ֶשׁר֩ ִדּ ְבּ ֨רוּ ֵא ֜ ֶלי� ֵלא ֗ ֹ‬ ‫מר֒ ֽכֹּה־ת ַ ֣‬ ‫תּוֹ ֵלא ֹ‬ ‫ים ֲא ֶ֨שׁר גָּ ְדל֣ וּ ִא ֮‬ ‫וַ יְ ַד ְבּ ֣רוּ ֵא ֗ ָליו ַהיְ ָל ִד ֙‬ ‫יהם ָ ֽק ָט ִ ֥נּי ָﬠ ָ ֖בה ִמ ָמּ ְת ֵנ֥י ָא ִ ֽבי׃‬ ‫ת־ﬠ ֔ ֵלּנוּ וְ ַא ָ ֖תּה ָה ֵ ֣ קל ֵמ ָﬠ ֵל֑ינוּ ֹ֚כּה ְתּ ַד ֵבּ֣ר ֲא ֵל ֶ֔‬ ‫ֶא ֻ‬ ‫יהם‬ ‫כֹּה ְתּ ַד ֵבּר ֲא ֵל ֶ‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪12:10‬‬

‫̇ל‬

‫‪Unique‬‬

‫ָק ָטנִּ י‬

‫‪12:10‬‬

‫̇ב‬

‫‪Twice‬‬

‫‪Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this phrase, to distinguish it from its alter‬‬‫ֹאמר ֲא ֵל ֶהם( ‪nate phrase‬‬ ‫‪) that occurs in the parallel passage in 2 Chr 10:10.‬כֹּה תּ ַ‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪1 Kgs 12:10; 2 Chr 10:10‬‬

‫‪Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the parallel passages of 1‬‬ ‫‪Kings and 2 Chronicles.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 12:11‬‬ ‫שּׁוֹטים וַ ֲא ֕ ִני ֲאיַ ֵ ֥סּר ֶא ְת ֶ ֖כם‬ ‫ל־ﬠ ְלּ ֶכ֑ם ָא ִ֗בי יִ ַ ֤סּר ֶא ְת ֶכ ֙ם ַבּ ִ֔‬ ‫אוֹסיף ַ ֽﬠ ֻ‬ ‫יכ ֙ם ֣ﬠֹל ָכּ ֵ֔בד וַ ֲא ִנ֖י ִ ֣‬ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָ֗תּה ָא ִב֙י ֶה ְﬠ ִ ֤מיס ֲﬠ ֵל ֶ‬ ‫ָבּ ַﬠ ְק ַר ִ ֽבּים׃‬ ‫ֶה ְﬠ ִמיס‬

‫‪12:11‬‬

‫̇ב‬

‫‪Twice‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪1 Kgs 12:11; 2 Chr 10:11‬‬

244

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the parallel passages of 1 Kings and 2 Chronicles.

1 KINGS 12:12 ‫ישׁי׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫מר ֥שׁוּבוּ ֵא ַ ֖לי ַבּיּ֥ וֹם ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ֹ ֔ ‫ישׁי ַכּ ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ִדּ ֶבּ֤ר ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ֵלא‬ ֑ ִ ‫ל־ר ַח ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ַבּיּ֣ וֹם ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ְ ‫ל־ה ָ ֛ﬠם ֶא‬ ָ ‫וַ יָּ ֙בוֹ יָ ָר ְב ָ ֧ﬠם וְ ָכ‬ 12:12

Read ‫וַ יָּ בוֹא‬

‫וַ יָּ בוֹ‬ ‫ויבוא ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)ויבו‬, and the qərê (‫ )וַ יָּ בוֹא‬are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations, where a word ending in a ‫ א‬is read even though it is not written; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 96. This lemma is one of nine cases of forms of the verb ‫ בּוֹא‬that are written defective ‫ ;א‬see 1 Sam 25:8 MC, as ML, has a kəṯîḇ/qərê here, but MA reads here unique defective ‫א‬.

1 KINGS 12:13 ‫ת־ﬠ ַ ֥צת ַהזְּ ֵק ִנ֖ים ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר יְ ָﬠ ֻ ֽצהוּ׃‬ ֲ ‫ת־ה ָ ֖ﬠם ָק ָ ֑שׁה ַוֽ יַּ ֲﬠ ֹ֛זב ֶא‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֧ﬠן ַה ֶ ֛מּ ֶל� ֶא‬ 12:13

‫יְ ָﬠ ֻצהוּ‬

Three times and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 12:8.

Mp

1 KINGS 12:14 ‫ל־ﬠ ְלּ ֶכ֑ם ָא ִ֗בי יִ ַ ֤סּר ֶא ְת ֶכ ֙ם‬ ֻ ‫ת־ﬠ ְלּ ֶ֔כם וַ ֲא ִנ֖י א ִ ֹ֣סיף ַ ֽﬠ‬ ֻ ‫בי ִה ְכ ִ ֣בּיד ֶ ֽא‬ ֙ ִ ‫מר ָא‬ ֹ ֔ ‫ים ֵלא‬ ֙ ‫יהם ַכּ ֲﬠ ַצ֤ת ַהיְ ָל ִד‬ ֶ֗ ‫וַ יְ ַד ֵבּ֣ר ֲא ֵל‬ ‫שּׁוֹטים וַ ֲא ֕ ִני ֲאיַ ֵ ֥סּר ֶא ְת ֶ ֖כם ָבּ ַﬠ ְק ַר ִ ֽבּים׃‬ ִ֔ ‫ַבּ‬ 12:14

‫א ִֹסיף‬

Twice written like this in the book 1 Kgs 12:14; 2 Kgs 21:8

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 KINGS

245

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the book written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence of this form in the book written plene ‫)אוֹסיף( ו‬ ִ in v. 11.

The Mp heading at 2 Kgs 21:8 reads six times written like this, thus noting all six occurrences of this lemma in the Bible. 12:14

‫שּׁוֹטים‬ ִ ‫ַבּ‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

1 Kgs 12:11; 12:14; 2 Chr 10:11; 10:14

1 KINGS 12:15 ‫ת־דּ ָב ֗רוֹ ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ִדּ ֶבּ֤ר יְ הוָ ֙ה ְבּיַ ֙ד ֲא ִחיָּ ֣ה‬ ְ ‫הוה ְל ַ֜מ ַﬠן ָה ִ ֣ קים ֶא‬ ָ֔ ְ‫י־היְ ָ ֤תה ִס ָבּ ֙ה ֵמ ִ ֣ﬠם י‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ָ ֑ﬠם ִ ֽכּ‬ ָ ‫א־שׁ ַ ֥מע ַה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ֶא‬ ָ ֹ ‫וְ ֽל‬ ‫י�ני ֶאל־יָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ֶבּן־נְ ָ ֽבט׃‬ ִ ֔ ‫ַה ִשּׁ‬ 12:15

‫ִס ָבּה‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this form, to distinguish it from the occurrence of its alternate form ‫ נְ ִס ָבּה‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 10:15.

1 KINGS 12:16 ‫ה־לּנוּ֩ ֵ֨ח ֶלק ְבּ ָד ִ֜וד‬ ָ ‫מר ַמ‬ ֹ ֡ ‫ת־ה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ָדּ ָ ֣בר ׀ ֵלא‬ ַ ‫ם וַ יָּ ִ ֣שׁבוּ ָה ָ ֣ﬠם ֶא‬ ֒ ‫יה‬ ֶ ‫א־שׁ ַ ֣מע ַה ֶמּ ֶל ֮� ֲא ֵל‬ ָ ֹ ‫וַ יַּ ֣ ְ רא ָכּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ֠ ִכּי ֽל‬ ‫ית�֖ ָדִּו֑ד וַ יֵּ ֶ֥ל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ְלא ָֹה ָ ֽליו׃‬ ְ ‫וְ ֽל ֹא־נַ ֲח ָל֣ה ְבּ ֶבן־יִ ַ֗שׁי ְלא ָֹה ֨ ֶל ֙י� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ַﬠ ָ֕תּה ְר ֵ ֥אה ֵב‬ 12:16 Five times

‫א־שׁ ַמע‬ ָ ֹ‫ל‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Sam 14:27; 1 Kgs 12:16; Prov 13:1; 13:8; 2 Chr 10:16

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (22x) with a cj.

246 12:16

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫ֲא ֵל‬

Thirteen times defective* in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ג‬

1–5 1 Kgs 12:16*; 12:28; 13:12; 22:6; 2 Kgs 1:2 6–10 2 Kgs 1:3; 1:7; 2:18; 6:19; 9:19 11–13 2 Kgs 10:18; 12:8; 18:18

Mp

——————————

‫ ֲא ֵל ֶהם‬twenty-nine times defective in the Prophets 1–5

6–10

11–15

16–20

21–25

26–29

Josh 6:6 And its companion (Josh 23:2) Judg 3:28 Judg 8:23 And the one after it (Judg 8:24) Judg 18:2 And the one after it (Judg 18:4) Judg 19:23b 1 Kgs 12:16 1 Kgs 12:28 1 Kgs 13:12 1 Kgs 22:6 2 Kgs 1:2 2 Kgs 1:3 2 Kgs 1:7 2 Kgs 2:18 2 Kgs 6:19 2 Kgs 9:19 2 Kgs 10:18 2 Kgs 12:8 2 Kgs 18:18 Ezek 16:37 Ezek 20:3 Ezek 20:7 Ezek 20:29 Ezek 33:25 And the one after it (Ezek 33:27) ‫ ַדּ ֵבּר ֲא ֵל ֶהם‬at the beginning of the first verse (in Ezekiel, Ezek 37:19) ‫ וְ ָא ַמ ְר ָתּ ֲא ֵל ֶהם‬at the beginning of a verse in Zechariah (Zech 1:3)

‫חסי‬ ̇ ‫)אלהם( ]אליהם[ ̇כ ̇ט‬ ‫בנביא‬ ̇

‫ויקרא יהושע‬ ̇‫וחביר‬ ‫רדפו‬ ‫לא אמשל‬ ‫ושל אחריו‬ ‫לכו חקרו‬ ‫ושל אחריו‬ ‫אל אחי‬ ‫וירא כל ישראל‬ ‫ויועץ‬ ‫אי זה הדרך‬ ‫ויקבץ‬ ‫ויפל‬ ‫המבלי‬ ‫מה משפט‬ [‫הלא )אמרה( ]אמרתי‬ ‫תבקשון‬ ‫רכב סוס‬ ‫ויקבץ יהוא‬ [‫)מחזיקים( ]מחזקים‬ ‫ויצא אלהם אליקים‬ ‫וגליתי ערותך‬ ‫את זקני ישראל‬ ‫שקוצי‬ ‫מה הבמה‬ [‫על )הבמה( ]הדם‬ ‫ושל אחריו‬ ‫קדמ‬ ̇ ‫דבר אלהם ריש פסוק‬ ‫ואמרת אלהם ריש פסוק דזכריה‬

Mm

1 KINGS

247

Com.: The Mp heading, and all the highlighted Mp notes above, indicate the thirteen occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫)א ֵל ֶהם( י‬ ֲ in the book of Kings, whereas the Mm lists all twenty-nine occurrences in the Prophets.

The Mm notes the twenty-nine occurrences of this lemma in the Prophets written defective ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) in the Prophets written plene ‫יהם( י‬ ֶ ‫)א ֵל‬. ֲ

This distinction is implied in the two additional notations in the Mm. The first additional notation is of ‫ ַדּ ֵבּר ֲא ֵל ֶהם‬at the beginning of the first verse to the Ezek 37:19 reference, which distinguishes it from the occurrence of ‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫ וְ ַד ֵבּר ֲא ֵל‬at the beginning of the second verse in that passage (at Ezek 37:21), where the lemma occurs as ‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫א ֵל‬. ֲ

The second additional notation is of ‫ וְ ָא ַמ ְר ָתּ ֲא ֵל ֶהם‬at the beginning of a verse in Zechariah to the Zech 1:3 reference, which distinguishes it from the occurrence of ‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫ ֲא ֵל‬in the middle of the next verse (Zech 1:4).

The Mp heading at 2 Kgs 18:18 mistakenly reads twelve times (instead of thirteen times) defective in the book.

* ML, contrary to M (‫)א ֵל ֶהם‬, ֲ writes the forms here, and at Ezek 33:25 plene ‫יהם( י‬ ֶ ‫;)א ֵל‬ ֲ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 112 and 218. On the other hand, contra M (‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫)א ֵל‬, ֲ it writes the forms at Josh 9:8 and 2 Kgs 18:19 defective ‫;)א ֵל ֶהם( י‬ ֲ see ibid, 46, 131.

Nevertheless, neither of these latter two forms are included in this Mm list, but the first two forms (here and Ezek 33:25) are included, indicating that the Masorah note is in agreement with the text of M. Furthermore, all the Mp headings highlighted above read thirteen times, thus supporting the enumeration inherent in the text of M. Both MC and MA read ‫א ֵל ֶהם‬, ֲ but neither of them has a note here.

1 KINGS 12:18 ‫מת וְ ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְר ַח ְב ֗ ָﬠם‬ ֹ ֑ ָ‫ל־ה ַ֔מּס וַ יִּ ְרגְּ ֨מוּ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֥אל ֛בּוֹ ֶ ֖א ֶבן וַ יּ‬ ַ ‫שׁר ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ת־אד ָֹר ֙ם ֲא‬ ֲ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ֞ ַלח ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְר ַח ְב ֗ ָﬠם ֶא‬ ‫רוּשׁ ָ ֽל�׃‬ ָ ְ‫ִה ְת ַא ֵמּ ֙ץ ַל ֲﬠל֣ וֹת ַבּ ֶמּ ְר ָכּ ָ֔בה ָלנ֖ וּס י‬ 12:18 Unique

‫ֲאד ָֹרם‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its occurrence with a cj. at 2 Sam 20:24.

248 12:18

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וַ יִּ ְרגְּ מוּ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this phrase followed by ‫בּוֹ‬, to distinguish it from the wording of its alternate phrase (‫ )וַ יִּ ְרגְּ מוּ בוֹ ְבנֵ י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 10:18. 12:18

‫ַל ֲﬠלוֹת‬

Fourteen times, and similarly all the Torah and Joshua apart from three

‫דכות ̇ב ̇מ ̇ג‬ ̇ ‫ויהוש‬ ̇ ‫אורית‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ד וכל‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 9:14.

1 KINGS 12:20 ‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ֤ל ֹא‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ֵﬠ ָ ֔דה וַ יַּ ְמ ִ ֥ליכוּ א ֹ֖תוֹ ַﬠ‬ ֣ ָ ‫ֹתוֹ ֶא‬ ֙ ‫י־שׁב יָ ָר ְב ֔ ָﬠם ַוֽ יִּ ְשׁ ְל ֗חוּ וַ יִּ ְק ְר ֤אוּ א‬ ֣ ָ ‫מ ַ� ָכּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ִ ֽכּ‬ ֹ ֤ ‫וַ יְ ִ֞הי ִכּ ְשׁ‬ ‫הוּדה ְל ַב ֽדּוֹ׃‬ ֖ ָ ְ‫זוּל ִ ֥תי ֵ ֽשׁ ֶבט־י‬ ָ ‫ית־דּ ִ֔וד‬ ָ ‫ָהיָ ֙ה ַא ֲח ֵ ֣רי ֵב‬ 12:20

‫וַ יְ ִ֞הי‬

‫ וַ יְ ִ֞הי‬nine times with the accent (geršayim) in the book 1–5 1 Kgs 3:18 1 Kgs 5:21 1 Kgs 12:2 1 Kgs 12:20 1 Kgs 16:18 6–9 2 Kgs 13:21 2 Kgs 5:8 2 Kgs 10:25 2 Kgs 18:9

‫השלישי‬ ‫חירם‬ ‫כשמע‬ ‫כשמע‬ ‫זמרי‬ ‫קברים‬ ‫אלישע‬ ‫ככלתו‬ ‫חזקיהו‬

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫ויהי ̇ט‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences in this book with the accent geršayim, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) with other accents in the book. 12:20

‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ָ ‫ַﬠ‬

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 11:2.

Mp

1 KINGS

249

1 KINGS 12:21 ‫ֹשׂה‬ ֣ ֵ ‫וּשׁמ ִ ֹ֥נים ֶ ֛א ֶלף ָבּ ֖חוּר ע‬ ְ ‫ת־שׁ ֶבט ִבּנְ יָ ִ֗מן ֵמ ָ֨אה‬ ֣ ֵ ‫הוּדה וְ ֶא‬ ֜ ָ ְ‫ל־בּית י‬ ֵ֨ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫� וַ יַּ ְק ֵה ֩ל ֶא‬ ֒ ‫רוּשׁ ַל‬ ָ ְ‫וַ יָּ ֣ב ֹאו ְר ַח ְב ָﬠ ֮ם י‬ ‫מה׃ פ‬ ֹ ֽ �‫ן־שׁ‬ ְ ‫לוּכה ִל ְר ַח ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ֶבּ‬ ָ֔ ‫ת־ה ְמּ‬ ַ ‫יב ֶא‬ ֙ ‫ם־בּ֣ית יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ְל ָה ִשׁ‬ ֵ ‫ִמ ְל ָח ָ ֑מה ְל ִה ָלּ ֵח ֙ם ִﬠ‬ 12:21

Read ‫וַ יָּ בֹא‬

‫וַ יָּ בֹאו‬

Mp

‫ויבא ̇ק‬

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ויבאו‬, they came), and the qərê (‫וַ יָּ בֹא‬, he came) represent variant forms where the qərê is preferable to the kəṯîḇ; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 152.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ ו‬is written but not read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §120, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §106. 12:21

‫הוּדה‬ ָ ְ‫ל־בּית י‬ ֵ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ֶא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 12:21; Jer 13:11 (‫)וְ ֶאת‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with ‫את‬, ֶ to distinguish them from its two occurrences without ‫ ֶאת‬at 1 Kgs 12:23 and Neh 4:10. The Mp heading at Jer 13:11 reads four times and includes all four forms. 12:21

‫ֵבּית יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬

Twenty times 1–5 6–10 11–15 16–20

‫̇כ‬

Mp

Exod 16:31; 40:38; Lev 10:6; Num 20:29; Josh 21:45 1 Sam 7:2; 7:3; 2 Sam 1:12; 6:5; 6:15 2 Sam 12:8; 16:3; 1 Kgs 12:21; 20:31; Isa 5:7 Isa 14:2; 46:3; Ps 115:12; 135:19; Ruth 4:11

Com.: The Masorah notes the twenty occurrences of ‫ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬with ‫בּית‬,ֵ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (500+) with ‫) ְבּנֵ י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל( ְבּנֵ י‬.

The Mp headings at Exod 16:31, 40:38, and Lev 10:6 read four times in the Torah. However, the fourth Torah reference at Num 20:29 reads twenty times noting all twenty forms listed above.

The Mm at Num 20:29 has additional notations listing other occurrences of this lemma in Jeremiah (20x), Ezekiel (66x), and The Twelve (13x).

250

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 12:22 ‫מר׃‬ ֹ ֽ ‫�הים ֵלא‬ ֖ ִ ‫ישׁ־ה ֱא‬ ָ ‫ל־שׁ ַמ ְﬠ ָי֥ה ִא‬ ְ ‫�הים ֶא‬ ִ֔ ‫וַ יְ ִה֙י ְדּ ַ ֣בר ָ ֽה ֱא‬

12:22

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ְדּ ַבר ָה ֱא‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

2 Sam 16:23 (‫;)בּ ְד ַבר‬ ִ 1 Kgs 12:22; 1 Chr 26:32

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of ‫ ִבּ ְד ַבר‬/‫ ְדּ ַבר‬with ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ה ֱא‬,ָ to distinguish them from its four occurrences with ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫�הים( ֱא‬ ִ ‫) ְדּ ַבר ֱא‬.

1 KINGS 12:23 ‫מר׃‬ ֹ ֽ ‫וּבנְ יָ ִ ֑מין וְ ֶי ֶ֥תר ָה ָ ֖ﬠם ֵלא‬ ִ ‫הוּדה‬ ֖ ָ ְ‫ל־בּית י‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ל־כּ‬ ָ ‫הוּדה וְ ֶא‬ ֔ ָ ְ‫ן־שׁ�מ ֹ֙ה ֶ ֣מ ֶל� י‬ ְ ‫ל־ר ַח ְב ָ ֤ﬠם ֶבּ‬ ְ ‫מר ֶא‬ ֹ ֗ ‫ֱא‬ 12:23

‫ֱאמֹר‬

Eleven pairs with accents, one pašṭâ and one zaqeṕ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

‫בטע חד פשט וחד זקף‬ ̇ ‫יא זוגין‬

Gen 2:11 (‫ )הוּא ַהסּ ֵֹ֗בב‬and Gen 2:13 (‫סּוֹבב‬ ֵ֔ ‫)הוּא ַה‬ Lev 8:15 (‫ )וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָ֗חט‬and Lev 8:23 (‫)וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָ֓חט‬ Num 14:6 (‫יהוֹשׁ ַ� ִבּן־נ֗ וּן‬ ֻ ִ‫ )ו‬and Num 14:38 (‫יהוֹשׁ ַ� ִבּן־נ֔ וּן‬ ֻ ִ‫)ו‬ Num 17:14 (‫ )וַ יִּ ְהי֗ וּ ַה ֵמּ ִתים‬and Num 25:9 (‫)וַ יִּ ְהי֕ וּ ַה ֵמּ ִתים‬ Num 22:18 (‫ )וַ יַּ ַﬠן ִבּ ְל ֗ ָﬠם‬and Num 23:26 (‫)וַ יַּ ַﬠן ִבּ ְל ֔ ָﬠם‬ Deut 11:17 (‫ )וַ ֲא ַב ְד ֶתּם ְמ ֵה ָ ֗רה‬and Josh 23:16 (‫)וַ ֲא ַב ְד ֶתּם ְמ ֵה ָ ֔רה‬ 1 Kgs 12:23 (‫ל־ר ַח ְב ָﬠם‬ ְ ‫מר ֶא‬ ֹ ֗ ‫ ) ֱא‬and 2 Chr 11:3 (‫ל־ר ַח ְב ָﬠם‬ ְ ‫מר ֶא‬ ֹ ֕ ‫) ֱא‬ 2 Kgs 20:9 (‫אמר יְ ַשׁ ְﬠ ָ֗יהוּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ )וַ יּ‬and Isa 38:21 (‫אמר יְ ַשׁ ְﬠ ָ֔יהוּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫)וַ יּ‬ Ezek 2:3 (‫אמר ֵא ֗ ַלי‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ )וַ יּ‬and Ezek 3:1 (‫אמר ֵא ֔ ַלי‬ ֶ ֹ ‫)וַ יּ‬ Ezek 2:2 (�‫ )וַ ָתּבֹא ִבי ֗ר ַוּ‬and Ezek 3:24 (�‫)וַ ָתּבֹא ִבי ֔ר ַוּ‬ Hag 2:2 (‫ר־נא ֶאל־זְ ֻר ָבּ ֶבל‬ ָ ֗ ‫ ) ֱא ָמ‬and Hag 2:21 (‫מר ֶאל־זְ ֻר ָבּ ֶבל‬ ֹ ֕ ‫) ֱא‬

Mp

Com.: The second part of the Mp heading here of one pašṭâ and one zaqeṕ is incorrect. It should be one rəḇîaʿ and one zaqeṕ. The Masorah notes the eleven pairs of parallel phrases, one accented with rəḇîaʿ, and one accented with zaqeṕ; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §227.

The Mp heading at Gen 2:13 reads twelve pairs with these accents. The extra pair is at 1 Chr 23:23 (‫מוּשׁי‬ ִ֗ ‫) ְבּנֵ י‬, and 1 Chr 24:30 (‫מוּשׁי‬ ִ֔ ‫ ;) ְבּנֵ י‬see Ginsburg, 4, ‫ט‬, §449.

1 KINGS

251

The Mp heading at Lev 8:23 (‫ )וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָ֓חט‬reads seven times with the accent marîmîn (= šalšelet). For the use of šalšelet here in the place of zaqeṕ, see Reich, “The Names of the Accent Shalshelet,” 209. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here. 12:23

‫וּבנְ יָ ִמין‬ ִ

Seventeen times plene

Com.: See Judg 5:14.

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫י̇ ז‬

Mp

1 KINGS 12:24 ‫יתוֹ ִ ֧כּי ֵמ ִא ִ ֛תּי נִ ְה ָי֖ה ַה ָדּ ָ ֣בר‬ ֔ ‫ם־א ֵח ֶיכ֣ם ְבּ ֵנֽי־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ֚שׁוּבוּ ִ ֣אישׁ ְל ֵב‬ ֲ ‫א־ת ֨ ָלּ ֲח ֜מוּן ִﬠ‬ ִ ֹ ‫א־ת ֲﬠלוּ֩ וְ ל‬ ַ ֹ ‫הוה ֽל‬ ָ֡ ְ‫֣כֹּה ָא ַ ֣מר י‬ ‫הוֽה׃ ס‬ ָ ְ‫הוה וַ יָּ ֻ ֥שׁבוּ ָל ֶל ֶ֖כת ִכּ ְד ַ ֥בר י‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ת־דּ ַ ֣בר י‬ ְ ‫עוּ ֶא‬ ֙ ‫ַה ֶזּ֑ה וַ יִּ ְשׁ ְמ‬ 12:24

‫ֵמ ִא ִתּי‬

Thirteen times

‫י̇ ̇ג‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 44:28; 1 Kgs 12:24; 20:36; 22:24; Isa 44:24 (qərê) 6–10 Isa 51:4; 54:17; 57:8; Jer 13:25; 51:53 11–13 Ps 66:20; 2 Chr 11:4; 18:23

Com.: The Masorah notes the thirteen occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫מ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (52x) without this preposition.

In ML the letter numerals for the Mp are blurred. 12:24

Eight times

‫נִ ְהיָ ה‬ ‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 1:27.

Mp

1 KINGS 12:25 ‫נוּאל׃‬ ֽ ֵ ‫ת־פּ‬ ְ ‫ת־שׁ ֶכ֛ם ְבּ ַ ֥הר ֶא ְפ ַ ֖ריִ ם וַ יֵּ ֶ֣שׁב ָ ֑בּהּ וַ יֵּ ֵצ֣א ִמ ָ֔שּׁם וַ יִּ ֶ֖בן ֶא‬ ְ ‫וַ ִ֨יּ ֶבן יָ ָר ְב ָ ֧ﬠם ֶא‬ 12:25 Eight times

‫נוּאל‬ ֵ ‫ְפּ‬ ‫̇ח‬

Com.: See Judg 8:8.

Mp

252

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 12:26 ‫אמר יָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ְבּ ִל ֑בּוֹ ַﬠ ָ ֛תּה ָתּ ֥שׁוּב ַה ַמּ ְמ ָל ָ ֖כה ְל ֵ ֥בית ָדִּ ֽוד׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֥יּ‬

12:26

‫אמר יָ ָר ְב ָﬠם ְבּ ִלבּוֹ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬

Three times someone thinks in his heart

‫̇ג ויאמר פלוני בלבו‬

Gen 27:41 (Esau); 1 Kgs 12:26 (Rehoboam); Esth 6:6 (Haman)

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occasions when it is described that an individual thinks to himself in this specific formulation, to distinguish them from other occasions of persons thinking to themselves in different formulations: Abraham ‫אמר ְבּ ִלבּוֹ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫( וַ יּ‬Gen 17:17); Edom ‫( א ֵֹמר ְבּ ִלבּוֹ‬Obad 3); wicked people in Psalms ‫( ְבּ ִלבּוֹ ָא ַמר‬Ps 10:6, 11, 13, etc.); see Ginsburg, 4, ‫א‬, §802. In ML there is only one circellus over the first two words, but the note clearly refers to the third word as well.

1 KINGS 12:27 ‫ל־ר ַח ְב ָ ֖ﬠם‬ ְ ‫יהם ֶא‬ ֶ֔ ֵ‫ל־א ֣ד ֹנ‬ ֲ ‫וּשׁ ֔ ַל ִם ְו ָ֠שׁב ֵל֣ב ָה ָ ֤ﬠם ַהזֶּ ֙ה ֶא‬ ָ ‫ִ ֽאם־יַ ֲﬠ ֶל֣ה ׀ ָה ָ ֣ﬠם ַה ֶ֗זּה ַל ֲﬠ ֨שׂוֹת זְ ָב ִ ֤חים ְבּ ֵבית־יְ הוָ ֙ה ִבּ ֣יר‬ ‫הוּדה׃‬ ֽ ָ ְ‫ל־ר ַח ְב ָ ֥ﬠם ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־י‬ ְ ‫הוּדה וַ ֲה ָר ֕ ֻגנִ י וְ ָ ֖שׁבוּ ֶא‬ ֑ ָ ְ‫ֶ ֣מ ֶל� י‬ 12:27

‫ְבּ ֵבית יְ הוָ ה‬

Thirty-nine times

‫̇ל ̇ט‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 1:7. 12:27

Mp

‫וַ ֲה ָרגֻ נִ י‬

Twice, once defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

Gen 20:11 (‫ ;)וַ ֲה ָרגוּנִ י‬1 Kgs 12:27

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one written plene (Gen 20:11), and one written defective (here). The Mp heading at Gen 20:11 reads twice, once plene and once defective.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets commencing with ‫ ;וה‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §63, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §64.

1 KINGS

253

1 KINGS 12:28 ‫רוּשׁ ֔ ַל ִם ִה ֵנּ֤ה ֱא� ֶ֨ה ֙י� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר‬ ָ ְ‫ב־ל ֶכ ֙ם ֵמ ֲﬠל֣ וֹת י‬ ָ ‫אמר ֲא ֵל ֶ֗הם ַר‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יִּ וָּ ַﬠ֣ץ ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� וַ ַ֕יּ ַﬠשׂ ְשׁ ֵנ֖י ֶﬠגְ ֵל֣י זָ ָ ֑הב וַ ֣יּ‬ ‫ֶה ֱﬠל֖ וּ� ֵמ ֶ ֥א ֶרץ ִמ ְצ ָ ֽריִ ם׃‬ 12:28

‫ֲא ֵל ֶהם‬

Thirteen times defective in the book

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 12:16. 12:28

�‫ֶה ֱﬠלוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ג‬

Mp

Mp

1–3 Exod 32:4; 32:8; 1 Kgs 12:28

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since there are three occurrences of this lemma.

The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a sfx., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) without a sfx. (‫)ה ֱﬠלוּ‬. ֶ

Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 12:29 ‫ת־ה ֶא ָ ֖חד נָ ַ ֥תן ְבּ ָ ֽדן׃‬ ָ ‫ית־אל וְ ֶא‬ ֑ ֵ ‫ת־ה ֶא ָ ֖חד ְבּ ֵ ֽב‬ ָ ‫וַ יָּ ֶ֥שׂם ֶא‬ 12:29

‫ת־ה ֶא ָחד‬ ָ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Lev 14:31; 15:30; Num 8:12; 1 Kgs 12:29

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its six occurrences without a cj. 12:29

Four times

‫ְבּ ָדן‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 12:11.

254

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 12:32

‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ֔בּ ַ� ֵכּ֤ן‬ ַ ‫יהוּדה וַ ַ֨יּ ַﬠל֙ ַﬠ‬ ֗ ָ ‫שׁר ִבּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ה־ﬠ ָשׂר֩ י֨ וֹם ׀ ַל ֜חֹ ֶדשׁ ֶכּ ָ ֣חג ׀ ֲא‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֣ﬠשׂ יָ ָר ְב ָ ֣ﬠם ׀ ָ֡חג ַבּ ֣חֹ ֶדשׁ ַה ְשּׁ ִמ ִינ֣י ַבּ ֲח ִמ ָ ֽשּׁ‬ ‫יד ְבּ ֵב֣ית ֵ֔אל ֶאת־כּ ֲֹה ֵנ֥י ַה ָבּ ֖מוֹת ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֽשׂה׃‬ ֙ ‫ר־ﬠ ָ ֑שׂה וְ ֶה ֱﬠ ִמ‬ ָ ‫ית־אל ְלזַ ֵ ֖בּ ַ� ָל ֲﬠגָ ִ ֣לים ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֵ֔ ‫ָﬠ ָשׂ ֙ה ְבּ ֵ ֽב‬ 12:32

‫ֶכּ ָחג‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫כ‬, to distinguish it from its four occurrences with the prep. ‫)בּ ָחג( ב‬. ֶ 12:32

‫ָל ֲﬠגָ ִלים‬

Unique with qameṣ

Mp

‫֗ ָל‬

Com.: The Mp heading here of unique with qameṣ (under the ‫ )ל‬is inexact since there is no other occurrence of this form with another vowel under the ‫ל‬. The note more precisely should have read unique, as it does in MC and MA.

This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One in a list of words that occur twice, once with a ‫ ו‬cj. (2 Chr 11:15), and once without (here); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §1. The other in a list of words that only occur once beginning with a ‫ ל‬and vowel; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §26, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §27. 12:32

‫כּ ֲֹהנֵ י ַה ָבּמוֹת‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 12:32; 13:2; 2 Kgs 23:9; 23:20 —————————— ‫ כּ ֲֹהנֵ י ַה ָבּמוֹת‬four times 1 Kgs 12:32 1 Kgs 13:2 2 Kgs 23:9 2 Kgs 23:20

‫כהני הבמות ̇ד‬

‫והעמיד בבית אל את‬ ‫וזבח עליך את כהני הבמות‬ ‫אך לא יעלו‬ ‫ויזבח את >כל< כהני‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of ‫ כּ ֲֹהנֵ י‬with ‫ה ָבּמוֹת‬,ַ to distinguish them from its three occurrences with ‫ ;)כּ ֲֹהנֵ י ָבמוֹת( ָבּמוֹת‬see 1 Kgs 13:33.

1 KINGS

255

1 KINGS 12:33 ‫ר־בּ ָ ֣דא ִמ ִלּ ֑בֹּד‬ ָ ‫יוֹם ַבּ ֣חֹ ֶדשׁ ַה ְשּׁ ִמ ֔ ִיני ַבּ ֖חֹ ֶדשׁ ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֙ ‫ית־אל ַבּ ֲח ִמ ָ֨שּׁה ָﬠ ָ ֥שׂר‬ ֵ֗ ‫ר־ﬠ ָ ֣שׂה ְבּ ֵ ֽב‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵבּ ַ֣� ׀ ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ַ ‫וַ ַ֜יּ ַﬠל ַ ֽﬠ‬ ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ ֖בּ ַ� ְל ַה ְק ִ ֽטיר׃ פ‬ ַ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֤ﬠשׂ ָח ֙ג ִל ְב ֵנ֣י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וַ יַּ ַ֥ﬠל ַﬠ‬ 12:33

Read ‫ִמ ִלּבּוֹ‬

‫ִמ ִלּבֹּד‬ ‫מלבו ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫מלבד‬, apart from), and the qərê (‫מ ִלּבּוֹ‬, ִ of his own mind) represent variant forms where the qərê is preferable to the kəṯîḇ; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 152. 12:33

‫ָחג ִל ְבנֵ י‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 13:1 ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ ֖בּ ַ� ְל ַה ְק ִ ֽטיר׃‬ ַ ‫ית־אל וְ יָ ָר ְב ָ ֛ﬠם ע ֵ ֹ֥מד ַﬠ‬ ֑ ֵ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֽ ֵ ‫הו֖ה ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫יהוּדה ִבּ ְד ַ ֥בר י‬ ֛ ָ ‫�הים ָ ֧בּא ִמ‬ ִ֗ ‫וְ ִה ֵנּ֣ה ׀ ִ ֣אישׁ ֱא‬ 13:1 Six times

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ִאישׁ ֱא‬ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 1 Sam 2:27; 9:6; 1 Kgs 13:1; 17:24; 2 Kgs 1:10 6 2 Kgs 4:9 ——————————

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ ִאישׁ ֱא‬six times, and their references

1–5 1 Sam 2:27 1 Sam 9:6 1 Kgs 13:1 2 Kgs 1:10 2 Kgs 4:9 6 1 Kgs 17:24

‫ויבא‬ ‫הנה נא‬ ‫והנה‬ ‫תרד אש‬ ‫קדוש הוא‬ ‫ודבר יהוה בפיך‬

‫איש אלהים ו̇ וסימנהון‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of ‫ ִאישׁ‬with ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫א‬, ֱ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (64x) with ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫�הים( ָה ֱא‬ ִ ‫) ִאישׁ ָה ֱא‬.

1 KINGS

255

1 KINGS 12:33 ‫ר־בּ ָ ֣דא ִמ ִלּ ֑בֹּד‬ ָ ‫יוֹם ַבּ ֣חֹ ֶדשׁ ַה ְשּׁ ִמ ֔ ִיני ַבּ ֖חֹ ֶדשׁ ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֙ ‫ית־אל ַבּ ֲח ִמ ָ֨שּׁה ָﬠ ָ ֥שׂר‬ ֵ֗ ‫ר־ﬠ ָ ֣שׂה ְבּ ֵ ֽב‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵבּ ַ֣� ׀ ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ַ ‫וַ ַ֜יּ ַﬠל ַ ֽﬠ‬ ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ ֖בּ ַ� ְל ַה ְק ִ ֽטיר׃ פ‬ ַ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֤ﬠשׂ ָח ֙ג ִל ְב ֵנ֣י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וַ יַּ ַ֥ﬠל ַﬠ‬ 12:33

Read ‫ִמ ִלּבּוֹ‬

‫ִמ ִלּבֹּד‬ ‫מלבו ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫מלבד‬, apart from), and the qərê (‫מ ִלּבּוֹ‬, ִ of his own mind) represent variant forms where the qərê is preferable to the kəṯîḇ; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 152. 12:33

‫ָחג ִל ְבנֵ י‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 13:1 ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ ֖בּ ַ� ְל ַה ְק ִ ֽטיר׃‬ ַ ‫ית־אל וְ יָ ָר ְב ָ ֛ﬠם ע ֵ ֹ֥מד ַﬠ‬ ֑ ֵ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֽ ֵ ‫הו֖ה ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫יהוּדה ִבּ ְד ַ ֥בר י‬ ֛ ָ ‫�הים ָ ֧בּא ִמ‬ ִ֗ ‫וְ ִה ֵנּ֣ה ׀ ִ ֣אישׁ ֱא‬ 13:1 Six times

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ִאישׁ ֱא‬ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 1 Sam 2:27; 9:6; 1 Kgs 13:1; 17:24; 2 Kgs 1:10 6 2 Kgs 4:9 ——————————

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ ִאישׁ ֱא‬six times, and their references

1–5 1 Sam 2:27 1 Sam 9:6 1 Kgs 13:1 2 Kgs 1:10 2 Kgs 4:9 6 1 Kgs 17:24

‫ויבא‬ ‫הנה נא‬ ‫והנה‬ ‫תרד אש‬ ‫קדוש הוא‬ ‫ודבר יהוה בפיך‬

‫איש אלהים ו̇ וסימנהון‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of ‫ ִאישׁ‬with ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫א‬, ֱ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (64x) with ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫�הים( ָה ֱא‬ ִ ‫) ִאישׁ ָה ֱא‬.

256 13:1

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ִבּ ְד ַבר יְ הוָ ה‬

Twelve times

Mp

‫י̇ ̇ב‬

1–5 1 Sam 3:21; 1 Kgs 13:1; 13:2; 13:5; 13:9 6–10 1 Kgs 13:17; 13:18; 13:32; 20:35; Jer 8:9 11–12 Ps 33:6; 2 Chr 30:12

Com.: The Masorah notes the twelve occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (26x) with the prep. ‫ִכּ ְד ַבר( כ‬ ‫)יְ הוָ ה‬.

Seven of these occurrences are in this section of 1 Kgs 13:1 to 13:32; the other five that occur elsewhere are listed at 1 Sam 3:21.

1 KINGS 13:2 ‫אשׁיָּ ֣הוּ ְשׁ ֔מוֹ‬ ִ ֹ ‫ית־דּוִ ֙ד י‬ ָ ‫נוֹל֤ד ְל ֵב‬ ָ ‫ֽה־בן‬ ֵ֞ ‫הו֑ה ִה ֵנּ‬ ָ ְ‫אמ ֙ר ִמזְ ֵבּ ַ֣� ִמזְ ֵ֔בּ ַ� ֖כֹּה ָא ַ ֣מר י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫הוה וַ ֨יּ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ֨בּ ַ ֙� ִבּ ְד ַ ֣בר י‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֤רא ַﬠ‬ ‫מוֹת ַה ַמּ ְק ִט ִ ֣רים ָﬠ ֔ ֶלי� וְ ַﬠ ְצ ֥מוֹת ָא ָ ֖דם יִ ְשׂ ְר ֥פוּ ָﬠ ֶ ֽלי�׃‬ ֙ ‫וְ זָ ַ ֣בח ָﬠ ֗ ֶלי� ֶאת־כּ ֲֹה ֵנ֤י ַה ָבּ‬ 13:2

�ַ ‫ִמזְ ֵבּ ַ� ִמזְ ֵבּ‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words occurring together only once; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §72. 13:2

‫נוֹלד‬ ָ

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:2; Ps 22:32; 1 Chr 22:9 —————————— ‫נוֹלד‬ ָ three times with qameṣ

1 Kgs 13:2 1 Chr 22:9 Ps 22:32

‫קמצ‬ ̇ ‫נולד ̇ג‬ ָ

‫הנה בן נולד }לך{ לבית דוד‬ ‫הנה בן נולד לך‬ ‫לעם נולד כי עשה‬

Mm

1 KINGS

257

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ל‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) with a paṯaḥ (‫;)נוֹלד‬ ַ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §195. Note that the vowel qameṣ has been written in the heading of the Mm note. 13:2

‫כּ ֲֹהנֵ י ַה ָבּמוֹת‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 12:32. 13:2

‫וְ ַﬠ ְצמוֹת‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:2; 2 Chr 34:5

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (18x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 13:3 ‫ר־ﬠ ָ ֽליו׃‬ ָ ‫הו֑ה ִה ֵנּ֤ה ַה ִמּזְ ֵ֨בּ ַ ֙� נִ ְק ָ ֔רע וְ נִ ְשׁ ַ ֖פּ� ַה ֶ ֥דּ ֶשׁן ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ָ ְ‫מּוֹפת ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ִדּ ֶבּ֣ר י‬ ֵ ֔ ‫מר ֶז֣ה ַה‬ ֹ ֔ ‫מוֹפ ֙ת ֵלא‬ ֵ ‫וְ נָ ַתן֩ ַבּיּ֨ וֹם ַה ֤הוּא‬ 13:3

‫נִ ְק ָ ֔רע‬

Twice with qameṣ

‫ָ֗ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:3; 13:5

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ, instead of an expected paṯaḥ, because of the zaqeṕ accent.

1 KINGS 13:4 ‫ית־אל וַ יִּ ְשׁ ֨ ַלח יָ ָר ְב ָ ֧ﬠם ֶאת־יָ ֛דוֹ ֵמ ַ ֥ﬠל‬ ֵ֔ ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ֨בּ ַ ֙� ְבּ ֵ ֽב‬ ַ ‫�הים ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ָק ָ ֤רא ַﬠ‬ ִ֗ ‫ישׁ־ה ֱא‬ ָ ‫ת־דּ ַ ֣בר ִא‬ ְ ‫מ ַ� ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל� ֶא‬ ֹ ֨ ‫וַ יְ ִהי֩ ִכ ְשׁ‬ ‫יבהּ ֵא ָ ֽליו׃‬ ֥ ָ ‫שׁר ָשׁ ַל֣ח ָﬠ ֔ ָליו וְ ֥ל ֹא יָ ֖כֹל ַל ֲה ִשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫דוֹ ֲא‬ ֙ ָ‫יבשׁ י‬ ֤ ַ ‫שׂהוּ וַ ִתּ‬ ֑ ֻ ‫מר ׀ ִתּ ְפ‬ ֹ ֣ ‫ַה ִמּזְ ֵ ֖בּ ַ� ֵלא‬ 13:4

‫ִתּ ְפ ֻשׂהוּ‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

258

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬. 13:4

‫ָשׁ ַלח ָﬠ ָליו‬

‫ ְשׁ ִלי ָחא ָﬠ ָליו‬twice

1 Kgs 13:4 2 Chr 32:31

‫שליחא עליו ̇ב‬

Mm

‫ויהי כשמע‬ ‫וכן במליצי שרי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of forms of the verb ‫ ֶשׁ ַלח‬with ‫ﬠ ָליו‬, ָ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) with ‫א ָליו‬, ֵ e.g., ‫א ָליו וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַלח‬. ֵ 13:4

‫יבהּ‬ ָ ‫ַל ֲה ִשׁ‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Judg 19:3 (qərê); 1 Kgs 13:4; Prov 26:15

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a fem. sfx., to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a masc. sfx. (‫)ל ֲה ִשׁיבוֹ‬. ַ

1 KINGS 13:5 ‫הוֽה׃‬ ָ ְ‫�הים ִבּ ְד ַ ֥בר י‬ ֖ ִ ‫מּוֹפת ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר נָ ַ ֛תן ִ ֥אישׁ ָה ֱא‬ ֵ ֗ ‫ן־ה ִמּזְ ֵבּ ַ֑� ַכּ‬ ַ ‫וְ ַה ִמּזְ ֵבּ ַ֣� נִ ְק ָ ֔רע וַ יִּ ָשּׁ ֵ ֥פ� ַה ֶ ֖דּ ֶשׁן ִמ‬ 13:5

�ַ ‫וְ ַה ִמּזְ ֵבּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:5; Ezek 40:47

—————————— �ַ ‫ וְ ַה ִמּזְ ֵבּ‬twice

1 Kgs 13:5 Ezek 40:47

‫והמזבח ̇ב‬

Mm

‫והמזבח נקרע‬ ‫לפני הבית‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) without a cj.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets commencing with ‫ ;וה‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §63, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §64.

1 KINGS 13:5

‫נִ ְק ָ ֔רע‬

Twice with qameṣ

‫ָ֗ב‬

259

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 13:3. 13:5

‫מּוֹפת‬ ֵ ‫ַכּ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that occur once with a prefix ‫( ְכּ‬Ps 71:7), and once with a prefix ‫( ַכּ‬here); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §11, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §11.

1 KINGS 13:6 ‫�ה ֙י� וְ ִה ְת ַפּ ֵלּ֣ל ַבּ ֲﬠ ִ ֔די וְ ָת ֥שׁ ֹב יָ ִ ֖די ֵא ָל֑י וַ יְ ַ ֤חל‬ ֶ֨ ‫הו֤ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫ת־פּ ֨ ֵני י‬ ְ ‫ל־נא ֶא‬ ָ ֞ ‫�הים ַח‬ ִ֗ ‫ל־אישׁ ָה ֱא‬ ֣ ִ ‫אמר ׀ ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ַ֨יּ ַﬠן ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל� וַ ֣יּ‬ ‫ד־ה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ֵא ֔ ָליו וַ ְתּ ִ ֖הי ְכּ ָב ִ ֽראשׁ ָֹנֽה׃‬ ַ ַ‫הוה וַ ָ ֤תּ ָשׁב י‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ת־פּ ֵנ֣י י‬ ְ ‫ים ֶא‬ ֙ ‫�ה‬ ִ ‫ישׁ־ה ֱא‬ ֽ ָ ‫ִא‬ 13:6

‫ַחל‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that have a paṯaḥ; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §22, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §23. 13:6

‫וְ ָתשׁ ֹב‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:6; Job 10:16

—————————— ‫ וְ ָתשׁ ֹב‬twice and defective

1 Kgs 13:6 Job 10:16

‫ותשב ̇ב וחסירין‬

‫והתפלל בעדי ותשב ידי‬ ‫ותשב תתפלא בי‬

Mm

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written defective (‫)ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

260 13:6

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וַ יְ ַחל‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Exod 32:11; 1 Kgs 13:6; 2 Kgs 13:4; Jer 26:19 —————————— ‫ וַ יְ ַחל‬four times

Exod 32:11 2 Kgs 13:4 1 Kgs 13:6 Jer 26:19

‫ויחל ̇ד‬

Mm

‫ויחל משה‬ ‫ויחל יהואחז‬ ‫ויחל איש האלהים‬ ‫חזקיהו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma, possibly to distinguish them from occurrences with a different pointing as ‫( וַ יָּ ֶחל‬9x) or ‫( וַ יָּ ַחל‬1x). 13:6

Five times

‫ְכּ ָב ִראשׁ ֹנָ ה‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Judg 20:32; 1 Kgs 13:6; Isa 1:26; Jer 33:7; 33:11 —————————— ‫ ְכּ ָב ִראשׁ ֹנָ ה‬five times 1–5 Judg 20:32 1 Kgs 13:6 Isa 1:26 Jer 33:7 Jer 33:11

‫כבראשנה ̇ה‬

Mm

‫ויאמרו בני בנימן‬ ‫ויען המלך ויאמר‬ ‫ואשיבה שפטיך‬ ‫והשבתי את שבות‬ ‫קול ששון )וק̇( ]וקול[ שמחה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫כ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (14x) without this preposition.

1 KINGS

261

1 KINGS 13:7 ‫ה־א ִ ֥תּי ַה ַ ֖בּיְ ָתה וּֽ ְס ָ ֑ﬠ ָדה וְ ֶא ְתּ ָנ֥ה ְל�֖ ַמ ָ ֽתּת׃‬ ִ ‫�הים בּ ָֹא‬ ִ֔ ‫ל־אישׁ ָה ֱא‬ ֣ ִ ‫וַ יְ ַד ֵבּ֤ר ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ֶא‬ 13:7 Unique

‫בּ ָֹאה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma pointed with a ḥolem (emphatic imper.) on the ‫ב‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (48x) with a qameṣ under the ‫בּ ָאה( ב‬,ָ 3rd fem. sg. perf.). 13:7

Unique 13:7

‫וּס ָﬠ ָדה‬ ְ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫ַמ ָתּת‬

Unique with qameṣ

‫֗ ָל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ת‬, to distinguish it from its four occurrences with a paṯaḥ (‫)מ ַתּת‬. ַ

1 KINGS 13:8 ‫א ַכל ֨ ֶל ֶח ֙ם וְ ֣ל ֹא ֶא ְשׁ ֶתּה־‬ ֹ ֤ ‫ית� ֥ל ֹא ָא ֖ב ֹא ִﬠ ָ ֑מּ� וְ ֽל ֹא־‬ ֶ֔ ‫ת־ח ִ ֣צי ֵב‬ ֲ ‫ן־ל֙י ֶא‬ ִ ‫ם־תּ ֶתּ‬ ִ ‫ל־ה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ִא‬ ַ ‫ים ֶא‬ ֙ ‫�ה‬ ִ ‫ישׁ־ה ֱא‬ ֽ ָ ‫אמר ִא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤יּ‬ ‫ַ֔מּיִ ם ַבּ ָמּ ֖קוֹם ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ 13:8

‫לֹא‬

Four verses in the book in which there is the sequence ‫וְ לֹא‬...‫וְ לֹא‬...‫לֹא‬ 1 Kgs 13:8; 13:9; 13:16; 2 Kgs 18:12

‫בסיפ לא ולא ולא‬ ̇ ‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the four verses in the book that have the sequence ‫וְ לֹא‬...‫וְ לֹא‬...‫לֹא‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (30x) elsewhere in the Bible; see the Mm at Lev 19:11, and Jobin, Concordance, 141–42. In ML this lemma has no circellus.

262 13:8

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ָאבֹא‬

Five times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 24:42 (‫ ;)וָ ָאבֹא‬33:14; 1 Kgs 13:8; Ps 118:19; 132:3

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (29x) written plene ‫וְ ָאבוֹא( ו‬/‫וָ ָאבוֹא‬/‫) ָאבוֹא‬.

1 KINGS 13:9 ‫ה־מּיִ ם וְ ֣ל ֹא ָת ֔שׁוּב ַבּ ֶ ֖דּ ֶר� ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָה ָ ֽל ְכ ָתּ׃‬ ֑ ָ ‫אכל ֶל ֶ֖חם וְ ֣ל ֹא ִת ְשׁ ֶתּ‬ ַ ֹ ‫א־ת‬ ֥ ֹ ‫מר ל‬ ֹ ֔ ‫י־כ֣ן ׀ ִצָוּ֣ה א ִֹ֗תי ִבּ ְד ַ ֤בר יְ הוָ ֙ה ֵלא‬ ֵ ‫ִ ֽכּ‬ 13:9 Unique

‫י־כן ׀ ִצוָּ ה א ִֹתי‬ ֵ ‫ִכּ‬ Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the phrase ‫י־כן ִצוָּ ה‬ ֵ ‫ ִכּ‬with ‫א ִֹתי‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫י־כן ִצוָּ ה לוֹ( לוֹ‬ ֵ ‫ ) ִכּ‬at Esth 3:2.

In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫י־כן‬ ֵ ‫ ִכּ‬but, since this phrase occurs more than once, it is most likely that the note should be extended to include the next two words as the longer phrase ‫י־כן ׀ ִצוָּ ה א ִֹתי‬ ֵ ‫ ִכּ‬only occurs this once; see also Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc. 13:9

Unique

‫וְ לֹא ָתשׁוּב‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (7x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 13:10 ‫ית־אל׃ פ‬ ֽ ֵ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֽ ֵ ‫א־שׁב ַבּ ֶ ֔דּ ֶר� ֲא ֶ ֛שׁר ָ ֥בּא ָ ֖בהּ ֶא‬ ֣ ָ ֹ ‫וַ יֵּ ֶ֖ל� ְבּ ֶד ֶ֣ר� ַא ֵ ֑חר וְ ֽל‬ 13:10 Five times

‫א־שׁב‬ ָ ֹ ‫וְ ל‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 13:10; 2 Kgs 9:18; 9:20; Ezek 3:19; 33:9

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) without a cj.

1 KINGS

263

1 KINGS 13:11 ‫�הים ׀ ַהיּ֜ וֹם‬ ִ֨ ‫ישׁ־ה ֱא‬ ָ ‫ר־ﬠ ָשׂ ֩ה ִא‬ ָ ‫שׂה ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ַמּ ֲﬠ‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ית־אל וַ יָּ ֣בוֹא ְבנ֡ וֹ וַ יְ ַס ֶפּר־ל֣ וֹ ֶא‬ ֑ ֵ ‫וְ נָ ִ ֤ביא ֶא ָח ֙ד זָ ֵ ֔קן י ֵ ֹ֖שׁב ְבּ ֵ ֽב‬ ‫יהם׃‬ ֽ ֶ ‫ל־ה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ַוֽ יְ ַס ְפּ ֖רוּם ַל ֲא ִב‬ ַ ‫שׁר ִדּ ֶבּ֣ר ֶא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ים ֲא‬ ֙ ‫ת־ה ְדּ ָב ִר‬ ַ ‫ית־אל ֶא‬ ֵ֗ ‫ְבּ ֵ ֽב‬ 13:11

‫וְ נָ ִביא‬

Seven times

Mp

̇‫ז‬

1–5 1 Kgs 13:11; Isa 3:2; 9:14; 28:7; Ps 90:12 (‫)וְ נָ ִבא‬ 6–7 Lam 2:20; Dan 9:24

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma, written plene and defective ‫י‬, in the sense of prophecy, to distinguish them from forms of the hiphil of the root ‫בּוֹא‬, to come, such as ‫נָ ִביא‬, we will bring at 1 Sam 9:7, etc.

This distinction is implied in the Mp heading at Lam 2:20, which reads seven times in the meaning of prophecy. The Mp heading at Ps 90:12 reads unique, noting its particular form written defective ‫י‬.

13:11

‫וַ יָּ בוֹא‬

Sixteen times plene, and similarly all Esther apart from two

‫דכות ̇ב ̇מ ̇ב‬ ̇ ‫מל וכל מגלת אסתר‬ ̇ ̇‫י̇ ו‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 4:13. 13:11

‫וַ יְ ַס ְפּרוּם‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:11; Jer 23:32

Com.: The Masorah here notes the two occurrences of this lemma written plene ‫ו‬. However, the Mm heading to Jer 23:32 more expansively reads twice and plene, thus implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫ו‬. Both MC and MA read here twice and plene.

264

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 13:12

‫ר־בּא‬ ֖ ָ ‫ת־ה ֶ ֨דּ ֶר ֙� ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ָה ַל ֙� ִ ֣אישׁ ָה ֱא� ִ֔הים ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ַ ‫י־ז֥ה ַה ֶ ֖דּ ֶר� ָה ָל֑� וַ יִּ ְר ֣אוּ ָב ֗ ָניו ֶא‬ ֶ ‫יהם ֵ ֽא‬ ֶ֔ ‫וַ יְ ַד ֵבּ֤ר ֲא ֵל ֶה ֙ם ֲא ִב‬ ‫יהוּדה׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫ִמ‬ 13:12

‫ֲא ֵל ֶהם‬

Thirteen times defective in the book Com.: See 1 Kgs 12:16.

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ג‬

Mp

1 KINGS 13:13 ‫שׁוּ־לי ַה ֲח ֑מוֹר וַ יַּ ְח ְבּשׁוּ־ל֣ וֹ ַה ֲח ֔מוֹר וַ יִּ ְר ַ ֖כּב ָﬠ ָ ֽליו׃‬ ֖ ִ ‫ל־בּ ֔ ָניו ִח ְב‬ ָ ‫אמ ֙ר ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ 13:13 Unique

‫שׁוּ־לי ַה ֲחמוֹר‬ ִ ‫ִח ְב‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this phrase without ‫את‬, ֶ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫שׁוּ־לי ֶאת ַה ֲחמוֹר( ֶאת‬ ִ ‫ ) ִח ְב‬in v. 27.

In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫שׁוּ־לי‬ ִ ‫ ִח ְב‬but, since this phrase occurs twice, it is most likely that the note should include ‫ ַה ֲחמוֹר‬as the longer phrase ‫שׁוּ־לי ַה ֲחמוֹר‬ ִ ‫ ִח ְב‬only occurs this once; see Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.

1 KINGS 13:14 ‫את‬ ָ ‫ר־בּ‬ ֥ ָ ‫�הים ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֛ ִ ‫ישׁ־ה ֱא‬ ָ ‫אמר ֵא ֗ ָליו ַה ַא ָ ֧תּה ִא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫�הים וַ ִ֨יּ ְמ ָצ ֵ֔אהוּ י ֵ ֹ֖שׁב ַ ֣תּ ַחת ָה ֵא ָל֑ה וַ ֣יּ‬ ִ֔ ‫וַ ֵ֗יּ ֶל� ַ ֽא ֲח ֵר֙י ִ ֣אישׁ ָה ֱא‬ ‫אמר ָ ֽאנִ י׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫יהוּדה וַ ֥יּ‬ ֖ ָ ‫ִ ֽמ‬ 13:14 Unique

‫אַח ֵרי ִאישׁ‬ ֲ �‫וַ יֵּ ֶל‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the phrase ‫אַח ֵרי‬ ֲ �‫ וַ יֵּ ֶל‬with ‫אישׁ‬, ִ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫אַח ֵרי ֵא ִליָּ הוּ( ֵא ִליָּ הוּ‬ ֲ �‫ )וַ יֵּ ֶל‬at 1 Kgs 19:21. In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫אַח ֵרי‬ ֲ �‫ וַ יֵּ ֶל‬but, since this phrase occurs twice, it is most likely that the note should include ‫ ִאישׁ‬as the longer phrase ‫אַח ֵרי‬ ֲ �‫ ִאישׁ וַ יֵּ ֶל‬only occurs this once; see Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.

‫‪265‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS‬‬ ‫‪1 KINGS 13:15‬‬ ‫אמר ֵא ֔ ָליו ֵ ֥ל� ִא ִ ֖תּי ַה ָ ֑בּיְ ָתה וֶ ֱא ֖כֹל ָ ֽל ֶחם׃‬ ‫וַ ֣יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫‪13:15‬‬

‫ַה ָבּיְ ָתה‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Nineteen times‬‬

‫י̇ ̇ט‬

‫‪Com.: See Josh 2:18.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 13:16‬‬ ‫א־א ְשׁ ֶ ֤תּה ִא ְתּ ֙� ַ֔מיִ ם ַבּ ָמּ ֖קוֹם ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ‫א ַכל ֗ ֶל ֶחם וְ ֽל ֹ ֶ‬ ‫אוּכ֛ל ָל ֥שׁוּב ִא ָ ֖תּ� וְ ָל ֣בוֹא ִא ָ ֑תּ� וְ ֽל ֹא־ ֣ ֹ‬ ‫אמר ֥ל ֹא ַ‬ ‫וַ ֗יּ ֹ ֶ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫וְ ָלבוֹא‬

‫‪13:16‬‬ ‫‪Four times‬‬

‫̇ד‬

‫‪Deut 31:2; Josh 14:11; 1 Kgs 13:16; 2 Chr 33:14‬‬ ‫‪Mm‬‬

‫——————————‬ ‫‪ four times‬וְ ָלבוֹא‬

‫ולבוא ̇ד‬

‫בן מאה ועשרים שנה אנכי‬ ‫עודני היום חזק כאשר‬ ‫לא אוכל לשוב אתך‬ ‫ואחרי כן בנה חומה‬

‫‪Deut 31:2‬‬ ‫‪Josh 14:11‬‬ ‫‪1 Kgs 13:16‬‬ ‫‪2 Chr 33:14‬‬

‫‪ cj., to distinguish them‬ו ‪Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a‬‬ ‫‪from its more numerous occurrences (82x) without a cj.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 13:18‬‬ ‫אכל ֶל ֶ֖חם‬ ‫ית� וְ ֥י ֹ ַ‬ ‫ל־בּ ֶ֔‬ ‫מר ֲה ִשׁ ֵ ֤בהוּ ִא ְתּ ֙� ֶא ֵ‬ ‫הוה ֵלא ֗ ֹ‬ ‫וּמ ְל ָ֡א� ִדּ ֶבּ֣ר ֵא ַלי֩ ִבּ ְד ַ֨בר יְ ָ֜‬ ‫יא ָכּמוֹ�֒ ַ‬ ‫ם־א ִנ֣י נָ ִב ֮‬ ‫אמר ֗לוֹ גַּ ֲ‬ ‫וַ ֣יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫וְ ֵי ְ֣שׁ ְתּ ָ ֑מיִ ם ִכּ ֵ ֖חשׁ ֽלוֹ׃‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ֲה ִשׁ ֵבהוּ‬ ‫חס‬ ‫̇ל ̇‬

‫‪13:18‬‬

‫‪Unique defective‬‬

266

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Mp heading here, and in MC and MA, of unique defective is inexact since there is no occurrence of this lemma written plene ‫י‬. The note more precisely should have read unique and defective. However, the Masorah may be pointing out that, unlike forms with other suffixes with the hiphil imper., such as ‫יבנוּ‬ ֵ ‫ ֲה ִשׁ‬and ‫יבנִ י‬ ֵ ‫ה ִשׁ‬,ֲ which are written plene ‫י‬, this form is not. 13:18

‫אכל‬ ַ ֹ ‫וְ י‬

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

1–5 Gen 27:31; Exod 2:20; 10:12; 1 Kgs 13:18; Cant 4:16

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (21x) with a ‫ ו‬consec. (‫אכל‬ ַ ֹ ‫ ;)וַ יּ‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §33C. 13:18

‫ִכּ ֵחשׁ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:18; Hab 3:17

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the piel, to distinguish them from its two occurrences in the qal (‫)כּ ַחשׁ‬ ָ at Hos 10:13 and Ps 109:24.

1 KINGS 13:20 ‫יבוֹ׃‬ ֽ ‫ל־הנָּ ִ ֖ביא ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ֱה ִשׁ‬ ַ ‫הוה ֶא‬ ָ֔ ְ‫הי ְדּ ַבר־י‬ ֙ ִ ְ‫ל־ה ֻשּׁ ְל ָ ֑חן פ ַוֽ י‬ ַ ‫וַ יְ ִ֕הי ֵ ֥הם י ְֹשׁ ִ ֖בים ֶא‬ 13:20

‫ֱה ִשׁיבוֹ‬

Three times in various forms 1 Kgs 13:20; 13:23; 13:26

‫בליש‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of three times in various forms is incorrect since this lemma occurs only in this form. The note should read, as it does in v. 26, three times in this section. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS

267

1 KINGS 13:21 ‫הוה וְ ֤ל ֹא ָשׁ ַ֨מ ְר ָ֙תּ ֶאת־‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ית ִ ֣פּי י‬ ָ֙ ‫הו֑ה ַ֗י ַﬠן ִ ֤כּי ָמ ִ ֨ר‬ ָ ְ‫מר ֖כֹּה ָא ַ ֣מר י‬ ֹ ֔ ‫יהוּד ֙ה ֵלא‬ ָ ‫ר־בּא ִ ֽמ‬ ֤ ָ ‫�הים ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ִ֗ ‫ל־אישׁ ָה ֱא‬ ֣ ִ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֞רא ֶא‬ ‫�הי�׃‬ ֽ ֶ ‫הו֥ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫ַה ִמּ ְצ ָ֔וה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ִצוְּ �֖ י‬ 13:21

‫ית ִפּי‬ ָ ‫ָמ ִר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Num 27:14; 1 Kgs 13:21

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of the notion of rebellion against the Lord (‫ ) ָמ ָרה ִפּי יְ הוָ ה‬without ‫את‬, ֶ to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (7x) of forms of this phrase with ‫את‬, ֶ including one in v. 26 (‫ת־פּי‬ ִ ‫)יְ הוָ ה ָמ ָרה ֶא‬. 13:21

‫וְ לֹא ָשׁ ַמ ְר ָתּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 11:11.

1 KINGS 13:23 ‫יבוֹ׃‬ ֽ ‫תוֹתוֹ וַ יַּ ֲח ָבשׁ־ל֣ וֹ ַה ֲח ֔מוֹר ַלנָּ ִ ֖ביא ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ֱה ִשׁ‬ ֑ ‫וַ יְ ִ֗הי ַא ֲח ֵ ֛רי ָא ְכל֥ וֹ ֶל ֶ֖חם וְ ַא ֲח ֵ ֣רי ְשׁ‬ 13:23

‫ְשׁתוֹתוֹ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the 3rd masc. sfx., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without this sfx. (‫)שׁתוֹת‬ ְ at Jer 35:8 and 14. 13:23

‫ַלנָּ ִביא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Sam 9:9; 1 Kgs 13:23

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with the def. prep. ‫ל‬,ַ to distinguish them from its two occurrences with the indef. prep. ‫)לנָ ִביא( ְל‬ ְ at 1 Sam 3:20 and 1 Kgs 19:16.

268

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 13:24

‫מוֹר ע ֵ ֹ֣מד ֶא ְצ ֔ ָלהּ וְ ָ ֣ה ַא ְר ֵ֔יה ע ֵ ֹ֖מד ֵ ֥א ֶצל‬ ֙ ‫תוֹ ֻמ ְשׁ ֶל ֶ֣כת ַבּ ֶ ֔דּ ֶר� וְ ַה ֲח‬ ֙ ‫יתהוּ וַ ְתּ ִ ֤הי נִ ְב ָל‬ ֑ ֵ ‫וַ ֵ֕יּ ֶל� וַ יִּ ְמ ָצ ֵ ֧אהוּ ַא ְר ֵי֛ה ַבּ ֶ ֖דּ ֶר� וַ יְ ִמ‬ ‫ַהנְּ ֵב ָ ֽלה׃‬ 13:24

‫יתהוּ‬ ֵ ‫וַ יְ ִמ‬

Eight times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ח‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 13:24; 16:10; 2 Kgs 15:10; 15:14; 15:30 6–8 2 Kgs 23:29; 1 Chr 2:3; 10:14

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma written plene second ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its seven occurrences written defective second ‫)וַ יְ ִמ ֵתהוּ( י‬.

ML, contrary to M (‫)וַ יְ ִמ ֵתהוּ‬, has three more occurrences of this lemma since it writes the forms at 1 Sam 17:50, 2 Sam 21:17, and 2 Kgs 15:25 plene second ‫יתהוּ( י‬ ֵ ‫ ;)וַ יְ ִמ‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 75, 97, and 128. However, all the Mp headings highlighted above, and the Mm heading at 2 Kgs 15:30 read eight times, thus supporting the enumeration inherent in the text of M. 13:24

‫וְ ַה ֲחמוֹר ע ֵֹמד‬

Three times in this section where one might err 1 Kgs 13:24 1 Kgs 13:25 1 Kgs 13:28

̇‫מטע בעינ‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mm

‫וילך וימצאהו אריה‬ ‫והנה אנשים עברים‬ ‫וילך וימצא את נבלתו‬

The first (1 Kgs 13:24) ‫אַריֵ ה‬ ְ ‫וְ ָה‬...‫וְ ַה ֲחמוֹר‬ and the donkey…and the lion

The second (1 Kgs 13:25) ‫ ֲחמוֹרוֹ ֲח ִסיר‬...‫אַריֵ ה‬ ְ ‫ָה‬ the lion…his donkey is lacking The third (1 Kgs 13:28) ‫אַריֵ ה‬ ְ ‫וַ ֲחמוֹר וְ ָה‬ and a donkey and the lion

‫קדמייה והחמור עמד אצלה והאריה עמד‬ ‫חס חמורו‬ ̇ ‫תינינ̇ ואת האריה עמד‬ ‫תליתי וחמור והאריה‬ ̇

1 KINGS

269

Com.: The Masorah notes three parallel phrases in this section regarding the lion and the donkey, where one could err because of their similarity and differences.

The lion is written twice with a ‫ ו‬cj. in the first and third phrase (‫אַריֵ ה‬ ְ ‫)וְ ָה‬, and once without it in the second phrase (‫אַריֵ ה‬ ְ ‫)ה‬. ָ The donkey is written with the def. article in the first phrase (‫)וְ ַה ֲחמוֹר‬, without the def. article in the third phrase (‫)וַ ֲחמוֹר‬, and is not written at all in the second phrase, hence the note in the second phrase: his donkey is lacking.

1 KINGS 13:25 ‫אוּ וַ יְ ַד ְבּ ֣רוּ ָב ֔ ִﬠיר‬ ֙ ֹ‫ת־ה ַא ְר ֵ֔יה ע ֵ ֹ֖מד ֵ ֣א ֶצל ַהנְּ ֵב ָ ֑לה וַ יָּ ֨ב‬ ֣ ָ ‫ת־הנְּ ֵב ָל ֙ה ֻמ ְשׁ ֶל ֶ֣כת ַבּ ֶ ֔דּ ֶר� וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫וְ ִה ֵנּ֧ה ֲאנָ ִ ֣שׁים ע ְֹב ִ ֗רים וַ יִּ ְר ֤אוּ ֶא‬ ‫ֲא ֶ ֛שׁר ַהנָּ ִ ֥ביא ַהזָּ ֵ ֖ קן י ֵ ֹ֥שׁב ָ ֽבּהּ׃‬ 13:25

‫וְ ִהנֵּ ה ֲאנָ ִשׁים‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Josh 2:2 (‫ ;) ִהנֵּ ה ֲאנָ ִשׁים‬1 Kgs 13:25

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, one with a ‫ ו‬cj. (here), and one without a cj. (Josh 2:2). 13:25

‫ַהנָּ ִביא ַהזָּ ֵקן‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:25; 13:29

1 KINGS 13:26 ‫הוה‬ ָ֜ ְ‫הוה וַ יִּ ְתּ ֨ ֵנהוּ י‬ ֑ ָ ְ‫ת־פּי י‬ ֣ ִ ‫�הים ֔הוּא ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָמ ָ ֖רה ֶא‬ ֣ ִ ‫אמ ֙ר ִ ֣אישׁ ָה ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ן־ה ֶדּ ֶר�֒ וַ ֨יּ‬ ַ ‫יבוֹ ִמ‬ ֣ ‫שׁר ֱה ִשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫יא ֲא‬ ֮ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֣מע ַהנָּ ִב‬ ‫ר־לוֹ׃‬ ֽ ‫הו֖ה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ִדּ ֶבּ‬ ָ ְ‫הוּ וַ יְ ִמ ֵ֔תהוּ ִכּ ְד ַ ֥בר י‬ ֙ ‫ָל ַא ְר ֵ֗יה ַוֽ יִּ ְשׁ ְבּ ֵ ֨ר‬ 13:26

‫ֱה ִשׁיבוֹ‬

Three times in this section

̇‫̇ג בעינ‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 13:20.

Mp

270 13:26

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫אַריֵ ה‬ ְ ‫ָל‬

Unique with qameṣ

‫֗ ָל‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of unique with qameṣ is inexact since there is no other occurrence of this lemma with a different vowel. The note more precisely should have read either unique as in MC, or unique and with qameṣ. MA has no note here. 13:26

‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ְבּ ֵרהוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:26; Jer 28:10

1 KINGS 13:28 ‫ת־הנְּ ֵב ֔ ָלה‬ ַ ‫א־א ַ ֤כל ָ ֽה ַא ְריֵ ֙ה ֶא‬ ָ ֹ ‫מוֹר וְ ָ ֣ה ַא ְר ֵ֔יה ע ְֹמ ִ ֖דים ֵ ֣א ֶצל ַהנְּ ֵב ָל֑ה ֽל‬ ֙ ‫תוֹ ֻמ ְשׁ ֶל ֶ֣כת ַבּ ֶ ֔דּ ֶר� ַו ֲֽח‬ ֙ ‫וַ ֵ֗יּ ֶל� וַ יִּ ְמ ָצ֤א ֶאת־נִ ְב ָל‬ ‫ת־ה ֲח ֽמוֹר׃‬ ַ ‫וְ ֥ל ֹא ָשׁ ַ ֖בר ֶ ֽא‬ 13:28

‫ֻמ ְשׁ ֶל ֶכת‬

Three times in this section

1 Kgs 13:24; 13:25; 13:28

̇‫̇ג בעינ‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in this section, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence outside this section at Jer 36:30.

1 KINGS 13:29 ‫יר ַהנָּ ִ ֣ביא ַהזָּ ֵ ֔קן ִל ְס ֹ֖פּד‬ ֙ ‫ל־ﬠ‬ ִ ‫יבהוּ וַ יָּ ֗ב ֹא ֶא‬ ֑ ֵ ‫ל־ה ֲח ֖מוֹר וַ יְ ִשׁ‬ ַ ‫�הים וַ יַּ נִּ ֵ ֥חהוּ ֶ ֽא‬ ֛ ִ ‫ישׁ־ה ֱא‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ָ֨שּׂא ַהנָּ ִ֜ביא ֶאת־נִ ְב ַל֧ת ִא‬ ‫וּל ָק ְב ֽרוֹ׃‬ ְ 13:29

‫וַ יַּ נִּ ֵחהוּ‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Gen 2:15; 1 Kgs 13:29

——————————

Mp

‫‪271‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS‬‬ ‫‪Mm‬‬

‫‪ twice defective‬וַ יַּ נִּ ֵחהוּ‬

‫וינחהו ̇ב חסירין‬

‫וינחהו בגן עדן לעבדה‬ ‫וינחהו אל החמור‬

‫‪Gen 2:15‬‬ ‫‪1 Kgs 13:29‬‬

‫‪, to distinguish‬י ‪Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective‬‬ ‫יחהוּ( י ‪them from its occurrence written plene‬‬ ‫‪) at Exod 16:34.‬וַ יַּ נִּ ֵ‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫וּל ָק ְברוֹ‬ ‫ְ‬

‫‪13:29‬‬

‫‪Unique‬‬

‫̇ל‬

‫‪1 KINGS 13:30‬‬ ‫וַ יַּ ַנּ֥ח ֶאת־נִ ְב ָל ֖תוֹ ְבּ ִק ְב ֑רוֹ וַ יִּ ְס ְפּ ֥דוּ ָﬠ ָל֖יו ֥הוֹי ָא ִ ֽחי׃‬ ‫וַ יַּ נַּ ח‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪13:30‬‬ ‫‪Seven times‬‬

‫ז̇‬

‫‪Com.: See 1 Sam 10:25.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 13:31‬‬ ‫�הים ָק ֣בוּר ֑בּוֹ‬ ‫וּק ַב ְר ֶ ֣תּם א ִֹ֔תי ַבּ ֶ ֕קּ ֶבר ֲא ֶ ֛שׁר ִ ֥אישׁ ָה ֱא ִ ֖‬ ‫מוֹתי ְ‬ ‫מר ְבּ ִ ֙‬ ‫ל־בּנָ ֙יו ֵלא ֔ ֹ‬ ‫אמר ֶא ָ‬ ‫וַ יְ ִה֮י ַא ֲח ֵ ֣רי ָק ְב ֣רוֹ אֹתוֹ֒ וַ ֤יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫ת־ﬠ ְצמ ָ ֹֽתי׃‬ ‫ֵ ֚א ֶצל ַﬠ ְצמ ָֹ֔תיו ַה ִנּ֖יחוּ ֶא ַ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ָק ְברוֹ‬

‫‪13:31‬‬

‫̇ב‬

‫‪Twice‬‬

‫‪Gen 50:14; 1 Kgs 13:31‬‬

‫‪Mm‬‬

‫——————————‬ ‫קברו ̇ב‬

‫וישב יוסף מצרימה‬ ‫ויהי אחרי‬

‫‪ָ twice‬ק ְברוֹ‬

‫‪Gen 50:14‬‬ ‫‪1 Kgs 13:31‬‬

272

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ḥolem, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (6x) with a šûreq (‫)ק ְברוּ‬. ָ

The Mp heading at Gen 50:14 adds the catchwords ‫אַח ֵרי( ויהי אחרי‬ ֲ ‫ )וַ יְ ִהי‬to refer the reader to this verse. 13:31

Unique

‫ָק ְברוֹ אֹתוֹ‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ָק ְברוֹ‬with ‫אֹתוֹ‬, to distinguish it from its occurrence with ‫ ) ָק ְברוֹ ֶאת( ֶאת‬at Gen 50:14. 13:31

‫ַבּ ֶקּ ֶבר‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Num 19:18 (‫;)בּ ָקּ ֶבר‬ ַ 1 Kgs 13:31; Ps 88:12 ——————————

‫ ַבּ ֶקּ ֶבר‬three times, paṯaḥ (= səḡôl) and once qameṣ Num 19:18 1 Kgs 13:31 Ps 88:12

‫קמצ‬ ̇ ‫בקבר ̇ג > ̇ב< פתח וחד‬

Mm

‫או במת או בקבר‬ ‫אשר איש האלהים‬ ‫היספר בקבר חסדך‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, twice written with a paṯaḥ (= səḡôl) under the ‫( ק‬here and Ps 88:12), and once written with a qameṣ (‫)בּ ָקּ ֶבר‬ ַ at Num 19:18. 13:31

‫ַﬠ ְצמ ָֹתיו‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 13:31; Job 33:21*

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (5x) written plene ‫מוֹתיו( ו‬ ָ ‫)ﬠ ְצ‬. ַ

1 KINGS

273

* ML, contrary to M, writes the form at Job 33:21 plene ‫מוֹתיו( ו‬ ָ ‫ﬠ ְצ‬, ַ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 299), even though its own Mm heading there reads twice defective. And, contrary to M (‫מוֹתיו‬ ָ ‫)ﬠ ְצ‬, ַ it writes the forms at 2 Kgs 23:18a and 23:18b defective ‫ﬠ ְצמ ָֹתיו( ו‬, ַ see ibid, 136), thus having three defective occurrences in all. However, the Mp heading here, and the Mm heading at Job 33:21, both support the enumeration inherent in the text of M. 13:31

‫ַﬠ ְצמ ָֹתי‬

Five times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 50:25; Exod 13:19; 1 Kgs 13:31; Jer 20:9 (‫;)בּ ַﬠ ְצמ ָֹתי‬ ְ Lam 1:13 (‫)בּ ַﬠ ְצמ ַֹתי‬ ְ

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (8x) written plene ‫מוֹתי( ו‬ ַ ‫ ְבּ ַﬠ ְצ‬/‫מוֹתי‬ ַ ‫) ַﬠ ְצ‬.

1 KINGS 13:32 ‫ל־בּ ֵ ֣תּי ַה ָבּ ֔מוֹת ֲא ֶ ֖שׁר ְבּ ָﬠ ֵ ֥רי‬ ָ ‫ית־אל וְ ַﬠל֙ ָכּ‬ ֑ ֵ ‫שׁר ְבּ ֵ ֽב‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ ֖בּ ַ� ֲא‬ ַ ‫הוה ַﬠ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ִכּי֩ ָה ֨י ֹה יִ ְה ֶ֜יה ַה ָדּ ָ֗בר ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ָק ָר ֙א ִבּ ְד ַ ֣בר י‬ ‫שׁ ְֹמ ֽרוֹן׃ פ‬ 13:32 Unique

‫ל־בּ ֵתּי‬ ָ ‫וְ ַﬠל ָכּ‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its occurrence without a cj. at Isa 32:13.

1 KINGS 13:33 ‫א־שׁב יָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ִמ ַדּ ְר ֣כּוֹ ָה ָר ָ ֑ﬠה ַו֠יָּ ָשׁב וַ ַ֜יּ ַﬠשׂ ִמ ְק ֤צוֹת ָה ָﬠ ֙ם כּ ֲֹה ֵנ֣י ָב ֔מוֹת ֶ ֽה ָח ֵפ ֙ץ יְ ַמ ֵלּ֣א ֶאת־יָ ֔דוֹ‬ ֥ ָ ֹ ‫ַא ַח ֙ר ַה ָדּ ָ ֣בר ַה ֶ֔זּה ֽל‬ ‫יהי כּ ֲֹה ֵנ֥י ָב ֽמוֹת׃‬ ֖ ִ ִ‫ו‬ 13:33 Three times

‫ֶה ָח ֵפץ‬ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:33; Ps 34:13; 35:27 ——————————

274

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫ ֶה ָח ֵפץ‬three times 1 Kgs 13:33 Ps 35:27 Ps 34:13

‫החפץ ̇ג‬

Mm

‫ימלא את ידו‬ ‫החפץ שלום עבדו‬ ‫מי האיש החפץ חיים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the def. article, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (31x) without this article (‫)ח ֵפץ‬. ָ 13:33

‫יְ ַמ ֵלּא‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 Lev 8:33; 16:32; 1 Kgs 13:33; Isa 65:20; Ps 20:5 6–7 Ps 20:6; Job 8:21 (‫)יְ ַמ ֵלּה‬ —————————— ‫ יְ ַמ ֵלּא‬seven times

1–5 Lev 8:33 Lev 16:32 1 Kgs 13:33 Isa 65:20 Ps 20:5 6–7 Ps 20:6 Job 8:21

̇‫ימלא ז‬

Mm

‫כי שבעת ימים ימלא‬ ‫ואשר ימלא את‬ ‫החפץ )וימלא( ]ימלא[ את ידו‬ ‫אשר לא ימלא‬ ‫וכל עצתך ימלא‬ ‫יהוה כל משאלותיך‬ ‫עד ימלה שחוק‬

The last is written ‫כת הי ה‬ ̇ ̇‫בתרי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma in the piel, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (10x) in the niphal (‫ ;)יִ ָמּ ֵלא‬see 2 Sam 23:7 and 2 Kgs 3:17. 13:33

Three times

‫כּ ֲֹהנֵ י ָבמוֹת‬2 ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 13:33a; 13:33b; 2 Kgs 17:32

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of ‫ כּ ֲֹהנֵ י‬with ‫ ָבּמוֹת‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences with ‫ ;)כּ ֲֹהנֵ י ַה ָבּמוֹת( ַה ָבּמוֹת‬see 1 Kgs 12:32.

1 KINGS

275

1 KINGS 13:34 ‫וּל ַה ְשׁ ִ֔מיד ֵמ ַ ֖ﬠל ְפּ ֵנ֥י ָה ֲא ָד ָ ֽמה׃ פ‬ ְ ‫יד‬ ֙ ‫וּל ַה ְכ ִח‬ ְ ‫וַ יְ ִה֙י ַבּ ָדּ ָ ֣בר ַה ֶ֔זּה ְל ַח ַ ֖טּאת ֵבּ֣ית יָ ָר ְב ָ ֑ﬠם‬ 13:34

‫ַבּ ָדּ ָבר ַהזֶּ ה‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 28:10. 13:34

‫וּל ַה ְשׁ ִמיד‬ ְ

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 9:24.

Mp

1 KINGS 14:2 ‫ה־שׁ ֙ם ֲא ִחיָּ ֣ה‬ ָ ֵ‫י־א ְתּי ֵ ֣א ֶשׁת יָ ָר ְב ָ ֑ﬠם וְ ָה ַל ְ֣כ ְתּ ִשׁ ֗�ה ִהנּ‬ ֣ ַ ‫וּמי נָ ֙א וְ ִה ְשׁ ַתּ ֔ ִנּית וְ ֣ל ֹא ֵי ְֽ ד ֔עוּ ִכּ‬ ִ ‫אמר יָ ָר ְב ֜ ָﬠם ְל ִא ְשׁ ֗תּוֹ ֤ק‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫ל־ה ָ ֥ﬠם ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ָ ‫וּא־ד ֶ ֥בּר ָﬠ ַל֛י ְל ֶ ֖מ ֶל� ַﬠ‬ ִ ‫ַהנָּ ִ֔ביא ֽה‬ 14:2

‫וְ ִה ְשׁ ַתּנִּ ית‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

14:2

‫יֵ ְדעוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

1–5 Lev 23:43; 1 Kgs 14:2; Isa 44:9; 45:6; Jer 31:34 6–10 Ezek 20:26; Hos 9:7; Ps 9:21; 78:6; Neh 4:5 11–12 2 Chr 6:29; 6:33

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is clearly an error, ‫ ̇ב‬two being written mistakenly for ‫י̇ ̇ב‬ twelve. All the other highlighted headings above read twelve times.

The Masorah notes the twelve occurrences of this lemma without a paragogic ‫נ‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences with this ‫ ;)יֵ ְדעוּן( נ‬see the Mm to 1 Kgs 8:38. This distinction is implied in the additional notations in all the Mm lists highlighted above. In particular, in the additional notation of Chronicles to the 2 Chr 6:33 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 1 Kgs 8:43, where the lemma occurs as ‫יֵ ְדעוּן‬. Both MC and MA correctly read here twelve times.

1 KINGS

275

1 KINGS 13:34 ‫וּל ַה ְשׁ ִ֔מיד ֵמ ַ ֖ﬠל ְפּ ֵנ֥י ָה ֲא ָד ָ ֽמה׃ פ‬ ְ ‫יד‬ ֙ ‫וּל ַה ְכ ִח‬ ְ ‫וַ יְ ִה֙י ַבּ ָדּ ָ ֣בר ַה ֶ֔זּה ְל ַח ַ ֖טּאת ֵבּ֣ית יָ ָר ְב ָ ֑ﬠם‬ 13:34

‫ַבּ ָדּ ָבר ַהזֶּ ה‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 28:10. 13:34

‫וּל ַה ְשׁ ִמיד‬ ְ

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 9:24.

Mp

1 KINGS 14:2 ‫ה־שׁ ֙ם ֲא ִחיָּ ֣ה‬ ָ ֵ‫י־א ְתּי ֵ ֣א ֶשׁת יָ ָר ְב ָ ֑ﬠם וְ ָה ַל ְ֣כ ְתּ ִשׁ ֗�ה ִהנּ‬ ֣ ַ ‫וּמי נָ ֙א וְ ִה ְשׁ ַתּ ֔ ִנּית וְ ֣ל ֹא ֵי ְֽ ד ֔עוּ ִכּ‬ ִ ‫אמר יָ ָר ְב ֜ ָﬠם ְל ִא ְשׁ ֗תּוֹ ֤ק‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫ל־ה ָ ֥ﬠם ַה ֶזּֽה׃‬ ָ ‫וּא־ד ֶ ֥בּר ָﬠ ַל֛י ְל ֶ ֖מ ֶל� ַﬠ‬ ִ ‫ַהנָּ ִ֔ביא ֽה‬ 14:2

‫וְ ִה ְשׁ ַתּנִּ ית‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

14:2

‫יֵ ְדעוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

1–5 Lev 23:43; 1 Kgs 14:2; Isa 44:9; 45:6; Jer 31:34 6–10 Ezek 20:26; Hos 9:7; Ps 9:21; 78:6; Neh 4:5 11–12 2 Chr 6:29; 6:33

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is clearly an error, ‫ ̇ב‬two being written mistakenly for ‫י̇ ̇ב‬ twelve. All the other highlighted headings above read twelve times.

The Masorah notes the twelve occurrences of this lemma without a paragogic ‫נ‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences with this ‫ ;)יֵ ְדעוּן( נ‬see the Mm to 1 Kgs 8:38. This distinction is implied in the additional notations in all the Mm lists highlighted above. In particular, in the additional notation of Chronicles to the 2 Chr 6:33 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 1 Kgs 8:43, where the lemma occurs as ‫יֵ ְדעוּן‬. Both MC and MA correctly read here twelve times.

276 14:2

Read ‫אַתּ‬ ְ

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫אַתּי‬ ְ

Mp

‫את ̇ק‬

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ )אתי‬represents the older 2nd pers. fem. sg. form of the pron. ‫אַתּי‬, ִ whereas the qərê (‫)אַתּ‬ ְ represents the regular form; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 102. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words in which a ‫ י‬is written at the end but is not read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §127, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §111.

This lemma is one of seven occurrences where ‫אתי‬, with and without a ‫ ו‬cj., is written but ‫אַתּ‬ ְ is read; see the Mm to 2 Kgs 8:1. 14:2

‫ה־שׁם‬ ָ ֵ‫ִהנּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

14:2

‫ל־ה ָﬠם‬ ָ ‫ַﬠ‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 15:36.

Nine times

‫̇ט‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 12:33; 18:25; 24:8; Num 17:12; 1 Sam 11:7 6–9 1 Kgs 5:21; 14:2; All Ezra; 2 Chr 32:6 ——————————

‫ל־ה ָﬠם‬ ָ ‫ ַﬠ‬eight times, and their references 1–5 Exod 18:25 Exod 12:33 Exod 24:8 Num 17:12 1 Sam 11:7 6–8 1 Kgs 5:21 1 Kgs 14:2 2 Chr 32:6

And similarly all Ezra

‫על העם ̇ח וסימנהון‬

‫ויבחר משה‬ ‫ותחזק‬ ‫ויזרק‬ ‫ויכפר‬ ‫וינתחהו‬ [‫כשמע )חי̇ ( ]חירם‬ ‫למלך‬ ‫מלחמות‬ ‫וכל עזרה דכותהון‬

Mm

1 KINGS

277

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences of this lemma with ‫ﬠל‬, ַ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (51x) with ‫) ֶאל ָה ָﬠם( ֶאל‬.

The Mp heading here of nine times includes the four Ezra-Neh references (Neh 5:15a; 5:15b; 5:18; 5:19) taken as one; see Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.

The heading of the Mm reads eight times and lists eight references, but it has an additional note that this lemma is also the norm (4x) in Ezra (= Ezra-Nehemiah).

1 KINGS 14:3 ‫ה־יּ ְֽה ֶי֖ה ַל ָנּ ַֽﬠר׃‬ ִ ‫וּבאת ֵא ָל֑יו ֚הוּא יַ ִגּ֣יד ֔ ָל� ַמ‬ ֣ ָ ‫וּב ְק ֻ ֥בּק ְדּ ַ ֖בשׁ‬ ַ ‫וְ ָל ַ ֣ ק ַח ְתּ ֠ ְבּיָ ֵד� ֲﬠ ָשׂ ָ ֨רה ֶל ֶ֧חם וְ נִ ֻקּ ִ ֛דים‬ 14:3

‫וְ נִ ֻקּ ִדים‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬. 14:3

‫וּב ְק ֻבּק‬ ַ

Unique and defective

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 14:4 ‫יבוֹ׃‬ ֽ ‫הוּ ֽל ֹא־יָ ֣כֹל ִל ְר ֔אוֹת ִ ֛כּי ָ ֥קמוּ ֵﬠ ָינ֖יו ִמ ֵשּׂ‬ ֙ ‫וַ ַ ֤תּ ַﬠשׂ ֵ ֙כּן ֵ ֣א ֶשׁת יָ ָר ְב ֔ ָﬠם וַ ָ֨תּ ָק ֙ם וַ ֵ ֣תּ ֶל� ִשׁ ֔�ה וַ ָתּ ֖ב ֹא ֵבּ֣ית ֲא ִחיָּ ֑ה וַ ֲא ִח ָ֨יּ‬ ‫ס‬ 14:4 Five times

‫וַ ֲא ִחיָּ הוּ‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 14:4; 14:5 (‫;)א ִחיָּ הוּ‬ ֲ 14:6 (‫;)א ִחיָּ הוּ‬ ֲ 14:18 (‫;)א ִחיָּ הוּ‬ ֲ 2 Chr 10:15 (‫)א ִחיָּ הוּ‬ ֲ

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma written with a ‫ יָ הוּ‬ending, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (18x) without this ‫ יָ הוּ‬ending (‫וַ ֲא ִחיָּ ה‬/‫ ;) ֲא ִחיָּ ה‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §52.

278 14:4

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫לֹא־יָ כֹל‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 5:17.

1 KINGS 14:5 ‫ל־בּנָ ֙הּ ִ ֽכּי־ח ֶֹל֣ה ֔הוּא ָכּ ֹ֥זה וְ ָכ ֶז֖ה ְתּ ַד ֵבּ֣ר‬ ְ ‫ל־א ִח ָ֗יּהוּ ִה ֵנּ֣ה ֵ ֣א ֶשׁת יָ ָר ְב ֡ ָﬠם ָבּ ָ ֣אה ִל ְדר ֹשׁ֩ ָדּ ָ֨בר ֵמ ִﬠ ְמּ�֤ ֶא‬ ֲ ‫יהוה ָא ַ ֣מר ֶא‬ ָ֞ ַ‫ו‬ ‫יהי ְכב ָֹ֔אהּ וְ ִ ֖היא ִמ ְתנַ ֵכּ ָ ֽרה׃‬ ֣ ִ ִ‫֑יה ו‬ ָ ‫ֵא ֶל‬ 14:5

‫ֲא ִחיָּ הוּ‬

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 14:4. 14:5

‫ח ֶֹלה‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 22:8. 14:5

‫ָכּזֹה וְ ָכזֶ ה‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Mp

Judg 18:4; 2 Sam 11:25; 1 Kgs 14:5 —————————— ‫ ָכּזֹה וְ ָכזֶ ה‬three times

‫כזה וכזה ̇ג‬

Judg 18:4 ‫עשה לי‬ 2 Sam 11:25 ‫תאכל החרב‬ 1 Kgs 14:5 ‫תדבר אליה‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from the three occurrences of its parallel phrase ‫ ; ָכּזֹאת וְ ָכזֹאת‬see Ginsburg, 4, ‫ז‬, §42. 14:5

‫ִמ ְתנַ ֵכּ ָרה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 14:5; 14:6

Mp

1 KINGS

279

1 KINGS 14:6 ‫אמר ֖בֹּ ִאי ֵ ֣א ֶשׁת יָ ָר ְב ָ ֑ﬠם ָל ָ֣מּה ֶ֗זּה ַ ֚א ְתּ ִמ ְתנַ ֵכּ ָ ֔רה וְ ָ ֣אנ ִֹ֔כי‬ ֶ ֹ ‫יה ָבּ ָ ֣אה ַב ֔ ֶפּ ַתח וַ ֕יּ‬ ָ֙ ‫ת־קוֹל ַרגְ ֨ ֶל‬ ֤ ‫מ ַ� ֲא ִח ָ֜יּהוּ ֶא‬ ֹ ֨ ‫וַ יְ ִהי֩ ִכ ְשׁ‬ ‫ָשׁל֥ ַוּ� ֵא ַל֖יִ � ָק ָ ֽשׁה׃‬ 14:6

‫ֲא ִחיָּ הוּ‬

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 14:4. 14:6

‫ִמ ְתנַ ֵכּ ָרה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 14:5; 14:6 14:6

Four times

�‫לוּ‬ ַ ‫ָשׁ‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 14:6; Jer 49:14; Ezek 3:5; 23:40 ——————————

�‫לוּ‬ ַ ‫ ָשׁ‬four times, and their references

1 Kgs 14:6 ‫ ַבּגּוֹיִ ם‬of Jeremiah (Jer 49:14) Ezek 3:5 Ezek 23:40

‫שלוח ̇ד וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ואנכי‬ ‫בגוים דירמיה‬ ‫עמקי שפה‬ ‫אשר מלאך‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of the qal passive ptcp. form �‫לוּ‬ ַ ‫“ ָשׁ‬sent,” to distinguish them from the three occurrences of the 3rd perf. pual form ‫ ֻשׁ ַלּח‬that has a similar meaning. This distinction is implied in the additional notation of Jeremiah to the Jer 49:14 reference of ‫בּגּוֹיִ ם‬,ַ which distinguishes it from its parallel in Obad 1, where the lemma occurs as ‫שׁ ָלּח‬. ֻ

280

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 14:7

‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ַי ַ֛ﬠן ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ֲה ִרימ ִ ֹ֖תי� ִמ ֣תּוֹ� ָה ָ ֑ﬠם וָ ֶא ֶתּנְ �֣ נָ ֔ ִגיד ַ ֖ﬠל ַﬠ ִ ֥מּי‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ה־א ַ ֤מר יְ הוָ ֙ה ֱא‬ ָ ֹ‫ְל ִ֞כי ִא ְמ ִ ֣רי ְליָ ָר ְב ֗ ָﬠם ֽכּ‬ ‫יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ 14:7

‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ֹה־א ַמר יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬ ָ ‫כּ‬

Twenty-four times

‫̇כ ̇ד‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 10:18.

Mp

In some of the Mp references, there is only one circellus between two of the words in the phrase, e.g., here and at 2 Kgs 22:18 just on ‫ֹה־א ַמר‬ ָ ‫ ;כּ‬and at 2 Kgs 9:6 and Isa 37:21 just on ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ ֱא‬. 14:7

�‫ֲה ִרימ ִֹתי‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 14:7 (�‫;*)ה ִרמ ִֹתי‬ ֲ 16:2

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a 2nd pers. sfx., to distinguish them from its two occurrences without this sfx. (‫ ֲה ִרימ ִֹתי‬/‫ימוֹתי‬ ִ ‫ ) ֲה ִר‬at Gen 39:15 and Ps 89:20. * ML, contrary to M (�‫)ה ִרמ ִֹתי‬, ֲ writes the form here plene first ‫;)ה ִרימ ִֹתי�( י‬ ֲ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 113.

Both MC and MA read here �‫ה ִרמ ִֹתי‬.ֲ The Mp note here at MA just reads twice, but the one at MC reads twice, once defective and once plene (first ‫)י‬.

1 KINGS 14:8 ‫־ה ַל֤� ַא ֲח ַ ֙רי‬ ָ ‫וֹתי וַ ֲא ֶשׁר‬ ַ֜ ‫ית ְכּ ַﬠ ְב ִ ֣דּי ָד ִ֗וד ֲא ֶשׁר֩ ָשׁ ַ֨מר ִמ ְצ‬ ָ ‫א־ה ִ֜י‬ ָ ֹ ‫ת־ה ַמּ ְמ ָל ָכ ֙ה ִמ ֵבּ֣ית ָדּ ִ֔וד וָ ֶא ְתּ ֶנ ָ֖ה ָל֑� וְ ֽל‬ ַ ‫וָ ֶא ְק ַ ֤רע ֶא‬ ‫ל־ל ָב ֔בוֹ ַל ֲﬠ ֕שׂוֹת ַ ֖רק ַהיָּ ָ ֥שׁר ְבּ ֵﬠ ָינֽי׃‬ ְ ‫ְבּ ָכ‬ 14:8

‫וָ ֶא ְק ַרע‬

Unique with qameṣ

‫֗ ָל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

281

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ו‬, to distinguish it from its occurrence with a šəwâ (‫ )וְ ֶא ְק ַרע‬at Hos 13:8.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets beginning with ‫וא‬, where the ‫ ו‬once has a šəwâ (Hos 13:8), and once has a qameṣ (here); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §47, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §48. 14:8

Unique

‫ית‬ ָ ִ‫א־הי‬ ָ ֹ ‫וְ ל‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the masc., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence in the fem. (‫א־היִ ית‬ ָ ֹ ‫וְ ל‬, qərê) at Ezek 16:31. 14:8

Unique

�‫ר־ה ַל‬ ָ ‫וַ ֲא ֶשׁ‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (9x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 14:9 ‫יסנִ י וְ א ִ ֹ֥תי ִה ְשׁ ַ ֖ל ְכ ָתּ‬ ֵ֔ ‫כוֹת ְל ַה ְכ ִﬠ‬ ֙ ‫וּמ ֵסּ‬ ַ ‫�הים ֲא ֵח ִ ֤רים‬ ִ֨ ‫ה־לּ�֩ ֱא‬ ְ ‫ר־הי֣ וּ ְל ָפ ֶנ֑י� וַ ֵ֡תּ ֶל� וַ ַתּ ֲﬠ ֶשׂ‬ ָ ‫וַ ָ ֣תּ ַרע ַל ֲﬠ ֔שׂוֹת ִמ ֖כֹּל ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ‫ַא ֲח ֵ ֥רי גַ ֶוּֽ �׃ ס‬ 14:9

‫וַ ָתּ ַרע‬

Unique with qameṣ

‫֗ ָל‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading of unique with qameṣ is inexact since there are no occurrences of this lemma with a different vowel. The note more precisely should have read unique and with qameṣ. Both MC and MA simply read here unique. 14:9

Four times

‫וַ ַתּ ֲﬠ ֶשׂה‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 14:9; 17:15; Jer 32:20; Hab 1:14 ——————————

282

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫ וַ ַתּ ֲﬠ ֶשׂה‬four times, and their references

1 Kgs 14:9 1 Kgs 17:15 Hab 1:14 Jer 32:20

‫ותעשה ̇ד וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ותלך‬ ‫ותלך ותעשה‬ ‫אדם כדגי‬ ‫לך שם‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma in its unapocopated form, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) in its apocopated form (‫)וַ ַתּ ַﬠשׂ‬, one of which is in v. 4. 14:9

‫יסנִ י‬ ֵ ‫ְל ַה ְכ ִﬠ‬

Three times written like this

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 14:9; 16:2; 2 Kgs 22:17 (‫יסנִ י‬ ֵ ‫;)ה ְכ ִﬠ‬ ַ Ezek 8:17; 16:26 6 2 Chr 34:25 (‫יסנִ י‬ ֵ ‫)ה ְכ ִﬠ‬ ַ

Com.: The Mp heading here of three times written like this is inexact since there are six occurrences of this lemma. The note more precisely should have read six times written like this, or possibly as three times written like this in the book.

Both MC and MA correctly read here six times written like this. Similarly, the Mp headings at 2 Kgs 22:17, Ezek 8:17, and at 2 Chr 34:25 all read six times written (like this).

The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma written plene first ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its six occurrences written defective first ‫ל ַה ְכ ִﬠ ֵסנִ י( י‬/‫י‬ ְ ִ‫;)ה ְכ ִﬠ ֵסנ‬ ַ see the Mm at Judg 2:12 sub ‫וַ יַּ ְכ ִﬠסוּ‬. The Mp note here includes all three forms in the book, with and without prep. ‫ל‬, whereas the Mp heading at 1 Kgs 16:2, which reads twice written like this, only includes the two specific forms with the prep. (‫יסנִ י‬ ֵ ‫)ל ַה ְכ ִﬠ‬ ְ in the book.

1 KINGS 14:10 ‫וּב ַﬠ ְר ִתּ֙י ַא ֲח ֵ ֣רי‬ ֽ ִ ‫ל־בּ֣ית יָ ָר ְב ֔ ָﬠם וְ ִה ְכ ַר ִ ֤תּי ְל ָי ָֽ ר ְב ָﬠ ֙ם ַמ ְשׁ ִ ֣תּין ְבּ ִ֔קיר ָﬠ ֥צוּר וְ ָﬠז֖ וּב ְבּיִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל‬ ֵ ‫ָל ֵ֗כן ִהנְ ֨ ִני ֵמ ִ ֤ביא ָר ָﬠ ֙ה ֶא‬ ‫ד־תּ ֽמּוֹ׃‬ ֻ ‫ֵבית־יָ ָר ְב ֔ ָﬠם ַכּ ֲא ֶ ֛שׁר יְ ַב ֵ ֥ﬠר ַהגָּ ָ ֖לל ַﬠ‬ 14:10 Four times

‫ֵמ ִביא ָר ָﬠה‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 14:10; 21:21 (‫ ֵמ ִביא ֵא ֶלי� ָר ָﬠה‬, qərê); 2 Kgs 21:12; 2 Kgs 22:16; Jer 6:19 6–9 Jer 11:11 (‫יהם ָר ָﬠה‬ ֶ ‫ ;) ֵמ ִביא ֲא ֵל‬19:3; 45:5; 2 Chr 34:24

1 KINGS

283

Com.: The Mp heading of four times is inexact since there are nine occurrences of this lemma. The note more precisely should have read four times in the book; see Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

14:10

‫ָﬠצוּר וְ ָﬠזוּב‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Deut 32:36; 1 Kgs 14:10

—————————— ‫ ָﬠצוּר וְ ָﬠזוּב‬twice

Deut 32:36 1 Kgs 14:10

‫עצור ועזוב ̇ב‬

Mm

‫כי יראה כי אזלת יד‬ ‫והכרתי לירבעם‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of ‫ וְ ָﬠזוּב‬with ‫ﬠצוּר‬, ָ to distinguish them from its two occurrences with ‫ )וְ ָﬠצוּר וְ ָﬠזוּב( וְ ָﬠצוּר‬at 1 Kgs 21:21 and 2 Kgs 9:8. 14:10

‫ַהגָּ ָלל‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a def. article, to distinguish it from its two occurrences without it (‫ )גָּ ָלל‬at Neh 11:17 and 1 Chr 9:16.

1 KINGS 14:12 ‫וּמת ַהיָּ ֶֽלד׃‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ית� ְבּב ָ ֹ֥אה ַרגְ ַל֛יִ � ָה ִ ֖ﬠ ָירה‬ ֑ ֵ ‫וּמי ְל ִ ֣כי ְל ֵב‬ ִ ‫וְ ַ ֥א ְתּ ֖ק‬ 14:12

�‫ית‬ ֵ ‫ְל ִכי ְל ֵב‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

2 Sam 14:8; 1 Kgs 14:12

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the fem., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence in the masc. (�‫ית‬ ֶ ‫ ) ֵל� ְל ֵב‬at 1 Kgs 1:53.

284

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

14:12

‫ָה ִﬠ ָירה‬

Nine times

Mp

‫̇ט‬

1–5 Gen 44:13; Josh 6:20; 20:4; 2 Sam 17:17; 1 Kgs 14:12 6–9 1 Kgs 20:2; 2 Kgs 20:20; Ps 35:23; 1 Chr 19:15 —————————— ‫ ָה ִﬠ ָירה‬nine times

‫העירה ̇ט‬

Mm

1–5 Gen 44:13 Josh 6:20 Josh 20:4 2 Sam 17:17 1 Kgs 14:12 6–9 1 Kgs 20:2 2 Kgs 20:20 ‫וּבנֵ י ַﬠמּוֹן‬ ְ of Chronicles (1 Chr 19:15) Ps 35:23

‫ויקרעו‬ ‫וירע העם‬ ‫מהערים‬ ‫להראות‬ ‫ואת קומי‬ ‫אחאב‬ ‫המים‬ ‫דדבר ימים‬ ̇ ‫ובני עמון‬ ‫והקיצה‬

And one (the last one) has the meaning of wake up

‫חד לשון עוררו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences of the form ‫ה ִﬠ ָירה‬,ָ eight of which have the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (300+) without this adverbial ‫)ה ִﬠיר( ה‬. ָ

This distinction is implied in the Mm, in the additional notation of Chronicles to the catchwords of the 1 Chr 19:15 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Sam 10:14, where the lemma occurs as ‫ה ִﬠיר‬.ָ The Masorah also notes that the occurrence in Ps 35:23 is a 2nd sg. masc. emphatic imper. hiphil, of ‫ עוּר‬to wake up.

1 KINGS 14:14 ‫ם־ﬠ ָתּה׃‬ ֽ ָ ַ‫וּמה גּ‬ ֖ ֶ ‫ת־בּית יָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ֶז֣ה ַהיּ֑ וֹם‬ ֥ ֵ ‫הוה ל֥ וֹ ֶ֨מ ֶל ֙� ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר יַ ְכ ִ ֛רית ֶא‬ ָ֨ ְ‫ים י‬ ֩ ‫וְ ֵה ִק‬ 14:14 Unique

‫וְ ֵה ִקים יְ הוָ ה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

285

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words occurring twice combined with the Tetragrammaton, once with a ‫ ו‬cj. (here), and once without (Judg 2:18); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §186, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §152FF. 14:14

‫וּמה גַּ ם‬ ֶ

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 14:15 ‫את ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר‬ ֙ ֹ ‫טּוֹבה ַהזּ‬ ֤ ָ ‫ם וְ נָ ַ ֣תשׁ ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ֠ ֵמ ַﬠל ָה ֲא ָד ָ֨מה ַה‬ ֒ ִ‫הוה ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ַכּ ֲא ֶ֨שׁר יָ נ֣ וּד ַה ָקּנֶ ֮ה ַבּ ַמּי‬ ָ֜ ְ‫וְ ִה ָ֨כּה י‬ ‫הוֽה׃‬ ָ ְ‫יסים ֶאת־י‬ ֖ ִ ‫יהם ַמ ְכ ִﬠ‬ ֶ֔ ‫שׁ ֵר‬ ֣ ֵ ‫שׂוּ ֶאת־ ֲא‬ ֙ ‫יהם וְ זֵ ָ ֖רם ֵמ ֵﬠ ֶ֣בר ַלנָּ ָ ֑הר ַ֗י ַﬠן ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ָﬠ‬ ֶ֔ ‫וֹת‬ ֵ ‫תן ַל ֲא ֣ב‬ ֙ ַ ָ‫נ‬ 14:15 Unique

‫וְ ִה ָכּה יְ הוָ ה‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena of words combined with the Tetragrammaton that begin with a ‫ ו‬cj.; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §187, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §152GG. 14:15

Three times

‫טּוֹבה‬ ָ ‫ֵמ ַﬠל ָה ֲא ָד ָמה ַה‬ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

Josh 23:13; 23:15; 1 Kgs 14:15

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this phrase with ‫ה ֲא ָד ָמה‬,ָ to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with ‫טּוֹבה( ָה ָא ֶרץ‬ ָ ‫ ) ֵמ ַﬠל ָה ָא ֶרץ ַה‬at Josh 23:16.

In ML only once circellus has been placed on ‫ ֵמ ַﬠל ָה ֲא ָד ָמה‬but, since this phrase more than three times, it is most probable that the note belongs with the three words ‫ֵמ ַﬠל ָה ֲא ָד ָמה‬ ‫טּוֹבה‬ ָ ‫ה‬,ַ which only occur three times. At Josh 23:13 the circellus has been placed only on ‫טּוֹבה‬ ָ ‫ ָה ֲא ָד ָמה ַה‬, which similarly, as the larger phrase, occurs only three times. 14:15

‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫בוֹת‬ ֵ ‫ַל ֲא‬

Four times plene in the Prophets

‫בנביא‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 14:15; Jer 19:4 (‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫בוֹת‬ ֵ ‫ ;)וַ ֲא‬24:10 (‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫בוֹת‬ ֵ ‫ ;)וְ ַל ֲא‬50:7 (‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫בוֹת‬ ֵ ‫)א‬ ֲ

286

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Mp heading of four times plene (‫ )ו‬in the Prophets is inexact since there are no occurrences of this lemma in the Prophets written defective ‫ו‬. The note more precisely should have read four times and plene in the Prophets.

MC reads unique plene in the book, which is also inexact since there are no occurrences of this lemma in the book written defective ‫ו‬. MA, although reading the same as ML in its Mp and Mm headings, has an additional note in its Mm of and similarly all the Writings apart from nine defective (‫)ו‬. Thus it is possible to make a contrast of this lemma written plene ‫ ו‬in the Prophets with the nine defective forms in the Writings; see Dotan and Reich, Masora Thesaurus, sub ‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫בוֹת‬ ֵ ‫ל ֲא‬.ַ 14:15

‫וְ זֵ ָרם‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

14:15

Mp

‫יסים‬ ִ ‫ַמ ְכ ִﬠ‬

Unique plene

Mp

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written plene first ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences written defective first ‫)מ ְכ ִﬠ ִסים( י‬. ַ

This lemma is listed in a Mm list at Judg 2:12 sub ‫ וַ יַּ ְכ ִﬠסוּ‬as an exception to hiphil forms of the verb ‫ ָכּ ַﬠס‬that are written defective ‫י‬.

1 KINGS 14:16 ‫שׁר ָח ָ֔טא וַ ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ֶה ֱח ִ ֖טיא ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וְ יִ ֵ ֖תּן ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ִבּגְ ֞ ַלל ַח ֤טּ ֹאות ָי ָֽ ר ְב ָﬠ ֙ם ֲא‬ 14:16

‫וְ יִ ֵתּן‬

Thirteen times

‫י̇ ̇ג‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 2:10. 14:16

Five times

Mp

‫ַחטֹּאות יָ ָר ְב ָﬠם‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 14:16; 15:30; 2 Kgs 10:31; 13:6 (‫ ;) ֵמ ַחטֹּאות ֵבּית־יָ ָר ְב ָﬠם‬17:22

1 KINGS

287

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this phrase that are not followed by ‫בּן־נְ ָבט‬,ֶ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (8x) that are followed by ‫בּן־נְ ָבט‬.ֶ The Mp heading at 2 Kgs 17:22 more expansively reads five times lacking ‫בּן־נְ ָבט‬.ֶ 14:16

‫וַ ֲא ֶשׁר ֶה ֱח ִטיא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 14:16; 15:30

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (16x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 14:17 ‫ף־ה ַ ֖בּיִ ת וְ ַה ַנּ ַ֥ﬠר ֵ ֽמת׃‬ ַ ‫וַ ָ֨תּ ָק ֙ם ֵ ֣א ֶשׁת יָ ָר ְב ֔ ָﬠם וַ ֵ ֖תּ ֶל� וַ ָתּ ֣ב ֹא ִת ְר ָצ ָ֑תה ִ ֛היא ָבּ ָ ֥אה ְב ַס‬ 14:17 Unique

‫ִת ְר ָצ ָתה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish it from its three occurrences without this adverbial ending (‫)תּ ְר ָצה‬. ִ 14:17

Unique

‫ָבּ ָאה ְב ַסף‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 14:18 ‫ד־ﬠ ְב ֖דּוֹ ֲא ִחיָּ ֥הוּ ַהנָּ ִ ֽביא׃‬ ַ ַ‫שׁר ִדּ ֶ֔בּר ְבּי‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ְבּ ֥רוּ א ֹ֛תוֹ וַ יִּ ְס ְפּדוּ־ל֖ וֹ ָכּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ִכּ ְד ַ ֤בר יְ הוָ ֙ה ֲא‬ 14:18

‫ד־ﬠ ְבדּוֹ‬ ַ ַ‫ִכּ ְד ַבר יְ הוָ ה ֲא ֶשׁר ִדּ ֶבּר ְבּי‬

Two verses in this section in which one might err 1 Kgs 14:18; 15:29 (‫) ֲא ִחיָּ ה ַה ִשּׁי�נִ י‬

̇‫מטע בעינ‬ ̇ ̇‫̇ב פסו‬

Mp

288

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the two verses in this section which have similar, but slightly divergent, phraseology. Here the phrase ‫ד־ﬠ ְבדּוֹ‬ ַ ַ‫ ִכּ ְד ַבר יְ הוָ ה ֲא ֶשׁר ִדּ ֶבּר ְבּי‬ends with ‫ ֲא ִחיָּ הוּ ַהנָּ ִביא‬, but in 1 Kgs 15:29 it ends with ‫ ֲא ִחיָּ ה ַה ִשּׁי�נִ י‬. In ML the circellus to indicate this note has been placed on ‫ וַ יִּ ְק ְבּרוּ‬but only because it is the first word in the verse. 14:18

‫ֲא ִחיָּ הוּ‬

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 14:4 (‫)וַ ֲא ִחיָּ הוּ‬.

1 KINGS 14:19 ‫ל־ס ֶפר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי ַהיָּ ִ ֖מים ְל ַמ ְל ֵ ֥כי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֛ ֵ ‫תוּבים ַﬠ‬ ִ֗ ‫שׁר ָמ ָל֑� ִה ָנּ֣ם ְכּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וְ ֶ֨י ֶת ֙ר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֣רי ָי ָֽ ר ְב ֔ ָﬠם ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר נִ ְל ַ ֖חם וַ ֲא‬ 14:19

‫נִ ְל ַחם‬

Twelve times

‫י̇ ̇ב‬

Com.: See Judg 9:17. 14:19

Unique

Mp

�‫וַ ֲא ֶשׁר ָמ ָל‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that only occur once preceded by ‫ ;וַ ֲא ֶשׁר‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §254. 14:19

‫תוּבים‬ ִ ‫ִהנָּ ם ְכּ‬

Five times in the Prophets

‫בנב‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 14:19; 2 Kgs 15:11; 15:15 (‫;)כּ ֻת ִבים‬ ְ 15:26; 15:31

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma, written plene and defective ‫ו‬, in the Prophets. Outside the Prophets, the lemma occurs eleven times.

1 KINGS

289

1 KINGS 14:21 �֣‫ן־א ְר ָבּ ִ ֣ﬠים וְ ַא ַ ֣חת ָשׁנָ ֩ה ְר ַח ְב ֨ ָﬠם ְבּ ָמ ְל ֜כוֹ וּֽ ֲשׁ ַ֨בע ֶﬠ ְשׂ ֵ ֥רה ָשׁ ָנ֣ה ׀ ָמ ַל‬ ַ ‫יהוּדה ֶבּ‬ ֑ ָ ‫מה ָמ ַל֖� ִ ֽבּ‬ ֹ ֔ �‫ן־שׁ‬ ְ ‫ְוּר ַח ְב ָﬠ ֙ם ֶבּ‬ ‫שׁם ִא ֔מּוֹ נַ ֲﬠ ָ ֖מה ָה ַﬠמּ ִ ֹֽנית׃‬ ֣ ֵ ְ‫ת־שׁ ֥מוֹ ָשׁ ֙ם ִמכֹּל֙ ִשׁ ְב ֵ ֣טי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ו‬ ְ ‫הוה ָל ֨שׂוּם ֶא‬ ָ֜ ְ‫ר־בּ ַ֨חר י‬ ָ ‫ירוּשׁ ֗ ַל ִם ֠ ָה ִﬠיר ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ָ ‫ִבּ‬ 14:21

‫ת־שׁמוֹ ָשׁם‬ ְ ‫ָלשׂוּם ֶא‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Deut 12:5; 1 Kgs 14:21; 2 Chr 12:13

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with ‫את‬, ֶ to distinguish them from its two occurrences without ‫ ֶאת‬at Deut 12:21 and 14:24.

1 KINGS 14:22 ‫ֹאתם ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָח ָ ֽטאוּ׃‬ ֖ ָ ‫שׁר ָﬠ ֣שׂוּ ֲאב ָֹ֔תם ְבּ ַחטּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫הו֑ה וַ יְ ַקנְ ֣אוּ א ֹ֗תוֹ ִמכֹּל֙ ֲא‬ ָ ְ‫הוּדה ָה ַ ֖רע ְבּ ֵﬠ ֵינ֣י י‬ ֛ ָ ְ‫וַ יַּ ַ֧ﬠשׂ י‬ 14:22

‫וַ יְ ַקנְ אוּ אֹתוֹ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 26:14; 1 Kgs 14:22

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of ‫ וַ יְ ַקנְ אוּ‬with ‫אֹתוֹ‬, to distinguish them from its occurrence with ‫ )וַ יְ ַקנְ אוּ בּוֹ( בּוֹ‬at Gen 37:11. 14:22

‫ֲאב ָֹתם‬

‫ ֲאב ָֹתם‬three times defective in the Prophets

‫חס בנביא‬ ̇ ‫אבתם ̇ג‬

‫ וְ ָא ְמרוּ ַﬠל ֲא ֶשׁר ָﬠזְ בוּ‬of Kings (1 Kgs 9:9) ‫ואמרו על אשר עזבו דמלכים‬ 1 Kgs 14:22 ‫ויעש יהודה הרע‬ 2 Kgs 17:41 ‫ויהיו הגוים‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in the Prophets written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (23x) in the Prophets written plene ‫בוֹתם( ו‬ ָ ‫)א‬. ֲ

The additional notation of Kings to the 1 Kgs 9:9 reference is to distinguish that verse from its parallel in 2 Chr 7:22, where the lemma occurs as ‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫אב ֵֹת‬. ֲ

290

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

14:22

‫ָח ָטאוּ‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 14:22; Zeph 1:17; Job 24:19 —————————— ‫ ָח ָטאוּ‬three times 1 Kgs 14:22 Zeph 1:17 Job 24:19

‫חטאו ̇ג‬

Mm

‫בחטאתם אשר חטאו‬ ‫והצרתי לאדם והלכו כעורים‬ ‫)יגילו מומי( ]יגזלו מימי[ שלג שאול‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ט‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (16x) with a šəwâ (‫)ח ְטאוּ‬. ָ

1 KINGS 14:23 ‫ל־ﬠץ ַר ֲﬠ ָנֽ ן׃‬ ֥ ֵ ‫וּמ ֵצּ ֖בוֹת וַ ֲא ֵשׁ ִ ֑רים ַ ֚ﬠל ָכּל־גִּ ְב ָﬠ֣ה גְ ב ָֹ֔הה וְ ַ ֖ת ַחת ָכּ‬ ַ ‫ם־ה ָמּה ָל ֶ ֛הם ָבּ ֥מוֹת‬ ֧ ֵ ַ‫וַ יִּ ְבנ֨ וּ ג‬ 14:23

‫ֵה ָמּה ָל ֶהם‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 14:23; Qoh 3:18

——————————

‫ ֵה ָמּה ָל ֶהם‬twice, and their references 1 Kgs 14:23 Qoh 3:18

‫המה להם ̇ב וסימנהון‬

‫ויבנו גם המה להם במות‬ ‫ולראות שהם בהמה המה להם‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of ‫ ֵה ָמּה‬with ‫ל ֶהם‬,ָ to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ֵה ָמּה ָל ֶכם( ָל ֶכם‬at Lev 11:28.

1 KINGS

291

1 KINGS 14:24 ‫הוה ִמ ְפּ ֵנ֖י ְבּ ֵנ֥י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃ פ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫הוֹרישׁ י‬ ֣ ִ ‫גּוֹים ֲא ֶשׁ ֙ר‬ ִ֔ ‫תּוֹﬠ ֣בֹת ַה‬ ֲ ‫ם־ק ֵ ֖דשׁ ָה ָי֣ה ָב ָ ֑א ֶרץ ָﬠ ֗שׂוּ ְכּכֹל֙ ַה‬ ָ ַ‫וְ ג‬ 14:24

‫ָק ֵדשׁ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Deut 23:18; 1 Kgs 14:24

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the meaning of a male prostitute, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) that represent the place name Kadesh. 14:24

Unique

‫תּוֹﬠבֹת‬ ֲ ‫ַה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ḥaṭeṕ paṯaḥ under the ‫ע‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (6x) with a ṣerê (‫תּוֹﬠבֹת‬ ֵ ‫)ה‬. ַ

1 KINGS 14:25 ‫רוּשׁ ָ ֽל�׃‬ ָ ְ‫�־מ ְצ ַ ֖ריִ ם ַﬠל־י‬ ִ ‫ושׁק ֶ ֽמ ֶל‬ ֥ ַ ‫ישׁית ַל ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ְר ַח ְב ָ ֑ﬠם ָﬠ ָל֛ה ִשׁ‬ ֖ ִ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֛הי ַבּ ָשּׁ ָנ֥ה ַה ֲח ִמ‬ 14:25

‫וַ יְ ִ ֛הי‬

Twenty times with the accent (təḇîr) Com.: See Josh 5:8. 14:25

Five times

‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫ַה ֲח ִמ‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇כ‬

Mp

1–5 Lev 19:25 (‫ישׁת‬ ִ ‫;)ה ֲח ִמ‬ ַ 1 Kgs 14:25; Jer 36:9 (‫;)ה ֲח ִמ ִשׁית‬ ַ Ezek 1:2; 2 Chr 12:2 ——————————

292

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫ ַה ֲח ִמ‬five times, three times plene and twice defective

1–5 Lev 19:25 1 Kgs 14:25 And its companion (2 Chr 12:2) Ezek 1:2 Jer 36:9

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫וב‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ‫החמישית ̇ה ̇ג‬

Mm

‫תאכלו את פריו‬ ‫למלך רחבעם‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫בחמש( ]בחמשה[ לחדש היא‬ ̇ ) ‫ליהויקים בן יאשיהו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma: three times written doubly plene ‫י‬ (‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫)ה ֲח ִמ‬, ַ 1 Kgs 14:25, Ezek 1:2, and 2 Chr 12:2; once written defective first ‫ה ֲח ִמ ִשׁית( י‬,ַ Jer 36:9); and once written defective second ‫ישׁת( י‬ ִ ‫ה ֲח ִמ‬,ַ Lev 19:25). 14:25

‫ושׁק‬ ַ ‫ִשׁ‬

Read ‫ישׁק‬ ַ ‫ִשׁ‬

‫שישק ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)שושק‬, and the qərê (‫ישׁק‬ ַ ‫)שׁ‬ ִ represent variations in proper names; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 157. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ ו‬in the middle of a word is read as a ‫ ;י‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §81, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §72.

1 KINGS 14:26 ‫ל־מגִ ֵנּ֣י ַהזָּ ָ֔הב ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר‬ ָ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ת־ה ֖כֹּל ָל ָ ֑ קח וַ יִּ ַקּ ֙ח ֶא‬ ַ ‫רוֹת ֵבּ֣ית ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� וְ ֶא‬ ֙ ‫וֹצ‬ ְ ‫ת־א‬ ֽ ‫הוה וְ ֶא‬ ָ֗ ְ‫וַ יִּ ַ ֞קּח ֶאת־א ְֹצ ֣רוֹת ֵבּית־י‬ ‫מה׃‬ ֹ ֽ �‫ָﬠ ָ ֖שׂה ְשׁ‬ 14:26

‫אוֹצרוֹת‬ ְ

Eleven times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇א‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 14:26b; 15:18a (‫אוֹצרוֹת‬ ְ ‫;)בּ‬ ְ 15:18b; 2 Kgs 24:13a; 24:13b (‫אוֹצרוֹת‬ ְ ְ‫)ו‬ 6–10 Isa 45:3; Jer 20:5; Prov 10:2; Job 38:22b (‫אוֹצרוֹת‬ ְ ְ‫ ;*)ו‬1 Chr 26:20a 11 2 Chr 25:24* ——————————

1 KINGS ‫אוֹצרוֹת‬ ְ eleven times plene 1–5

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫אוצרות י̇ ̇א‬

293

Mm

‫ ָמגִ נֵּ י‬the second occurrence in the verse (1 Kgs 14:26b) 1 Kgs 15:18a Twice in the verse (1 Kgs 15:18b) 2 Kgs 24:13a Twice in the verse (2 Kgs 24:13b) 6–10 Jer 20:5 Isa 45: Job 38:22 Prov 10:2 1 Chr 26:20 11 2 Chr 25:24

‫מגני תינינ̇ דפסוק‬ ‫ויקח אסא‬ ‫בפסוק‬ ̇ ‫שנים‬ ‫ויוצא משם‬ ‫שנים בפסוקה‬ ‫חסן‬ ‫אוצרות חשך‬ ‫ואוצרות ברד‬ ‫לא יועילו‬ ‫והלוים‬ ‫וכל הזהב והכסף‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the eleven plene occurrences of this lemma in various forms, written plene first ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its slightly more numerous occurrences (15x) of this lemma in various forms, written defective first ‫)א ְֹצרוֹת( ו‬. This distinction is implied in the additional notation in the Mm of the second (occurrence) in the verse to the 1 Kgs 14:26 reference, which distinguishes it from its first occurrence in the verse, where the lemma occurs as ‫א ְֹצרוֹת‬.

* ML, contrary to M (‫אוֹצרוֹת‬ ְ ְ‫ ו‬and ‫)אוֹצרוֹת‬, ְ has only nine occurrences of this lemma since it writes the forms at Job 38:22b and 2 Chr 25:24 defective first ‫ וְ א ְֹצרוֹת( ו‬and ‫ ;)א ְֹצרוֹת‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 301 and 382. However, all the Mp headings highlighted above, and the heading of the Mm here, read eleven times plene, thus supporting the enumeration inherent in the text of M. 14:26

Unique

‫ת־הכֹּל‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (11x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 14:28 ‫ל־תּא ָה ָר ִ ֽצים׃‬ ֥ ָ ‫יבוּם ֶא‬ ֖ ‫אוּם ָ ֽה ָר ִ֔צים וֶ ֱה ִשׁ‬ ֙ ‫הו֑ה יִ ָשּׂ‬ ָ ְ‫י־ב ֹא ַה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ֵבּ֣ית י‬ ֥ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֛הי ִמ ֵדּ‬ 14:28

‫וַ יְ ִ ֛הי‬

Twenty times with the accent (təḇîr) Com.: See Josh 5:8.

‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇כ‬

Mp

294 14:28

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וֶ ֱה ִשׁיבוּם‬

Twice, once plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

1 Kgs 14:28; 2 Chr 12:11 (‫)וֶ ֱה ִשׁבוּם‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Mm list at 2 Kgs 14:22 sub ‫וַ יְ ִשׁ ֶב ָה‬, of differences between forms in Kings and Chronicles.

1 KINGS 14:31 ‫שׁם ִא ֔מּוֹ נַ ֲﬠ ָ ֖מה ָה ַﬠמּ ִֹנ֑ית וַ יִּ ְמ�֛ � ֲא ִביָּ ֥ם ְבּנ֖ וֹ‬ ֣ ֵ ְ‫ם־אב ָֹת ֙יו ְבּ ִ ֣ﬠיר ָדּ ִ֔וד ו‬ ֲ ‫ם־אב ָֹ֗תיו וַ יִּ ָקּ ֵ ֤בר ִﬠ‬ ֲ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב ְר ַח ְב ֜ ָﬠם ִﬠ‬ ‫ַתּ ְח ָ ֽתּיו׃ פ‬ 14:31

‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב ְר ַח ְב ֜ ָﬠם‬

Five times with the accents (ʾazlâ gereš) in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 14:31; 2 Chr 13:23 (‫ ;)וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב ֲא ִב ָ֜יּה‬26:23 (‫)וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב ֻﬠזִּ ָ֜יּה‬ 28:27 (‫ ;)וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב ָא ָ֜חז‬32:33 (‫)וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב יְ ִחזְ ִק ָ֜יּהוּ‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of five times with these accents in the book is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma in the book with these accents ʾazlâ gereš. The note should read, as it does in the Mp headings at 2 Chr 26:23 and 32:33, five times with these accents, that is, without the addition of in the book. The Masorah notes the five occurrences of ‫ וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַכּב‬with various kings written with the accents ʾazlâ gereš to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (27x) used with other kings with different accents. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 15:1 ‫הוּדה׃‬ ֽ ָ ְ‫וּב ְשׁנַ ֙ת ְשׁמ ֶֹנ֣ה ֶﬠ ְשׂ ֵ ֔רה ַל ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� יָ ָר ְב ָ ֣ﬠם ֶבּן־נְ ָ ֑בט ָמ ַ ֥ל� ֲא ִביָּ ֖ם ַﬠל־י‬ ִ 15:1 Ten times

‫וּב ְשׁנַ ת‬ ִ ̇‫י‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 15:1; 15:9; 2 Kgs 8:16; 9:29; Jer 17:8 6–10 Dan 2:1; Ezra 1:1; 2 Chr 17:7; 34:8; 36:22

294 14:28

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וֶ ֱה ִשׁיבוּם‬

Twice, once plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

1 Kgs 14:28; 2 Chr 12:11 (‫)וֶ ֱה ִשׁבוּם‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Mm list at 2 Kgs 14:22 sub ‫וַ יְ ִשׁ ֶב ָה‬, of differences between forms in Kings and Chronicles.

1 KINGS 14:31 ‫שׁם ִא ֔מּוֹ נַ ֲﬠ ָ ֖מה ָה ַﬠמּ ִֹנ֑ית וַ יִּ ְמ�֛ � ֲא ִביָּ ֥ם ְבּנ֖ וֹ‬ ֣ ֵ ְ‫ם־אב ָֹת ֙יו ְבּ ִ ֣ﬠיר ָדּ ִ֔וד ו‬ ֲ ‫ם־אב ָֹ֗תיו וַ יִּ ָקּ ֵ ֤בר ִﬠ‬ ֲ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב ְר ַח ְב ֜ ָﬠם ִﬠ‬ ‫ַתּ ְח ָ ֽתּיו׃ פ‬ 14:31

‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב ְר ַח ְב ֜ ָﬠם‬

Five times with the accents (ʾazlâ gereš) in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 14:31; 2 Chr 13:23 (‫ ;)וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב ֲא ִב ָ֜יּה‬26:23 (‫)וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב ֻﬠזִּ ָ֜יּה‬ 28:27 (‫ ;)וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב ָא ָ֜חז‬32:33 (‫)וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨כּב יְ ִחזְ ִק ָ֜יּהוּ‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of five times with these accents in the book is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma in the book with these accents ʾazlâ gereš. The note should read, as it does in the Mp headings at 2 Chr 26:23 and 32:33, five times with these accents, that is, without the addition of in the book. The Masorah notes the five occurrences of ‫ וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַכּב‬with various kings written with the accents ʾazlâ gereš to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (27x) used with other kings with different accents. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 15:1 ‫הוּדה׃‬ ֽ ָ ְ‫וּב ְשׁנַ ֙ת ְשׁמ ֶֹנ֣ה ֶﬠ ְשׂ ֵ ֔רה ַל ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� יָ ָר ְב ָ ֣ﬠם ֶבּן־נְ ָ ֑בט ָמ ַ ֥ל� ֲא ִביָּ ֖ם ַﬠל־י‬ ִ 15:1 Ten times

‫וּב ְשׁנַ ת‬ ִ ̇‫י‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 15:1; 15:9; 2 Kgs 8:16; 9:29; Jer 17:8 6–10 Dan 2:1; Ezra 1:1; 2 Chr 17:7; 34:8; 36:22

1 KINGS

295

Com.: The Masorah notes the ten occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (77x) without a cj.; see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §101. The five Mp headings in the Writings read nine times at the beginning of a verse, and this includes all the references above except Jer 17:8. The Mm heading at Dan 2:1 reads ten times, nine of them are at the beginning of a verse, and the Mm heading at 2 Chr 17:7 adds and one of them is in the middle of a verse (Jer 17:8).

1 KINGS 15:2 ‫ישׁ ֽלוֹם׃‬ ָ ‫ת־א ִב‬ ֲ ‫שׁם ִא ֔מּוֹ ַמ ֲﬠ ָ ֖כה ַבּ‬ ֣ ֵ ְ‫ירוּשׁ ָל֑� ו‬ ָ ‫ָשׁ�֣ שׁ ָשׁ ֔ ִנים ָמ ַל֖� ִבּ‬ 15:2

‫ישׁלוֹם‬ ָ ‫ֲא ִב‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 15:2; 15:10

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written plene ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (77x) written defective ‫)אַב ָשׁלוֹם( י‬. ְ

1 KINGS 15:3 ‫�היו ִכּ ְל ַ ֖בב ָדִּ ֥וד ָא ִ ֽביו׃‬ ָ֔ ‫הו֣ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫א־ה ָ֨יה ְל ָב ֤בוֹ ָשׁ ֵל ֙ם ִﬠם־י‬ ָ ֹ ‫ר־ﬠ ָ ֣שׂה ְל ָפ ָנ֑יו וְ ל‬ ָ ‫ל־ח ֥טּ ֹאות ָא ִ ֖ביו ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ַ ‫וַ ֵ֕יּ ֶל� ְבּ ָכ‬ 15:3

‫א־היָ ה‬ ָ ֹ ‫וְ ל‬

Twenty-six times

Mp

̇‫̇כו‬

Com.: See Josh 8:20.

1 KINGS 15:4 ‫רוּשׁ ָ ֽל�׃‬ ָ ְ‫ת־בּ ֙נוֹ ַא ֲח ָ ֔ריו וּֽ ְל ַה ֲﬠ ִ ֖מיד ֶאת־י‬ ְ ‫ירוּשׁ ָל֑� ְל ָה ִ ֤ קים ֶא‬ ָ ‫�היו ל֛ וֹ ִנ֖יר ִבּ‬ ֥ ָ ‫הוה ֱא‬ ָ֨ ְ‫ִ ֚כּי ְל ַ ֣מ ַﬠן ָדּ ִ֔וד נָ ַתן֩ י‬ 15:4

‫נִ יר‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 11:36; 15:4; 2 Kgs 8:19; Jer 4:3; Hos 10:12 6–8 Prov 13:23; 21:4 (‫ ;)נִ ר‬2 Chr 21:7

296

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma, seven times written plene and once defective ‫ י‬at Prov. 21:4.

The Mp heading at Prov 21:4 reads unique defective reflecting the only defective form of this lemma in the list. This form has to be distinguished from its more numerous occurrences (22x) written with a ṣerê (‫)נֵ ר‬, see BHS ad Prov 21:4. 15:4

‫וּל ַה ֲﬠ ִמיד‬ ְ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 15:4; Ezra 9:9

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its two occurrences without a cj. at Dan 11:14 and 1 Chr 15:16.

1 KINGS 15:5 ‫אוּריָּ ֥ה ַה ִח ִ ֽתּי׃‬ ִ ‫ר־צ ָ ֗וּהוּ ֹ֚כּל יְ ֵ ֣מי ַח ָ֔יּיו ַ ֕רק ִבּ ְד ַ ֖בר‬ ִ ‫א־סר ִמ ֣כֹּל ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ָ֞ ֹ ‫הו֑ה וְ ֽל‬ ָ ְ‫ת־היָּ ָ ֖שׁר ְבּ ֵﬠ ֵינ֣י י‬ ַ ‫ֲא ֶ֨שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֥שׂה ָדִו֛ד ֶא‬ 15:5

‫ֲא ֶשׁר ָﬠ ָשׂה ָדוִ ד‬

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

1–5 2 Sam 11:27; 1 Kgs 15:5; 2 Kgs 18:3; 2 Chr 7:6 (‫ ;) ָדּוִ יד‬29:2 (‫) ָדּוִ יד‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma without the prep. ‫כ‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with the prep. ‫ ) ַכּ ֲא ֶשׁר ָﬠ ָשׂה ָדּוִ ד( כ‬at 1 Kgs 11:38.

In ML only one circellus has been placed over ‫ ֲא ֶשׁר ָﬠ ָשׂה‬but, since this phrase occurs over a hundred times, the note most probably belongs to the three words ‫ ֲא ֶשׁר ָﬠ ָשׂה ָדוִ ד‬, which only occur five times. 15:5

‫א־סר‬ ָ ֹ ‫וְ ל‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1–4 1 Kgs 15:5; 2 Kgs 22:2; 2 Chr 20:32; 34:2 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫א־סר‬ ָ ֹ ‫ וְ ל‬four times, and their references

297

‫ולא סר ̇ד וסימנהון‬

1–4 1 Kgs 15:5 (In the section about) ‫אשׁיָּ הוּ‬ ִ ֹ ‫( י‬2 Kgs 22:2) (In the section about) ‫הוֹשׁ ָפט‬ ָ ְ‫( י‬2 Chr 20:32) (In the section about) ‫אשׁיָּ הוּ‬ ִ ֹ ‫( י‬2 Chr 34:2)

Mm

‫דוד‬ ‫יאשיהו‬ ‫יהושפט‬ ‫יאשיהו‬

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is inexact since there are four occurrences of this lemma as indicated in the Mm heading and list. The Mp heading more precisely should have read twice in the book.

The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (13x) without a cj. In the Mm, three of the kings mentioned (Josiah, Jehoshaphat, and Josiah again) appear in verses preceding the occurrence of the lemma. Both MC and MA correctly read here four times. 15:5

Four times

‫ִצוָּ הוּ‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Sam 17:20; 2 Sam 5:25; 1 Kgs 15:5; Jer 36:8

Com.: The Mp heading here of four times is inexact since, as noted in both MC and MA, there are ten occurrences of this lemma. The note more precisely should have read four times in the Prophets. See 1 Sam 17:20.

1 KINGS 15:7 ‫וּמ ְל ָח ָ ֥מה ָהיְ ָ ֛תה‬ ִ ‫הוּדה‬ ֑ ָ ְ‫ל־ס ֶפר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי ַהיָּ ִ ֖מים ְל ַמ ְל ֵכ֣י י‬ ֛ ֵ ‫תוּבים ַﬠ‬ ִ֗ ‫וֹא־הם ְכּ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫שׁר ָﬠ ָ֔שׂה ֲה ֽל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־א‬ ֲ ‫וְ ֶ֨י ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֤רי ֲא ִביָּ ֙ם וְ ָכ‬ ‫וּבין יָ ָר ְב ָ ֽﬠם׃‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ֵ ֥בּין ֲא ִביָּ ֖ם‬ 15:7

‫וְ ֶ֨י ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֤רי‬

Five times with the accents (ʾazlâ and mahpaḵ) in the book 1–5 1 Kgs 15:7; 16:27; 2 Kgs 13:12; 20:20; 21:17

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with the accents ʾazlâ and mahpaḵ, to distinguish them from its occurrences with different accents such as ʾazlâ and mêrəḵâ (2 Kgs 10:34), təlîšâ qəṭannâ and ʾazlâ (2 Kgs 14:28), təḇîr and mêrəḵâ (2 Kgs 15:36 and 16:19).

298 15:7

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ֲהלוֹא‬

Seventeen times plene in the book Com.: See 1 Kgs 2:42.

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫י̇ ז‬

Mp

1 KINGS 15:9 ‫הוּדה׃‬ ֽ ָ ְ‫וּב ְשׁ ַנ֣ת ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֔רים ְליָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ֶ ֣מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ָמ ַ ֥ל� ָא ָ ֖סא ֶ ֥מ ֶל� י‬ ִ 15:9

‫וּב ְשׁנַ ת‬ ִ

Ten times

Mp

̇‫י‬

Com.: See above at 1 Kgs 15:1. 15:9

‫הוּדה‬ ָ ְ‫ֶמ ֶל� י‬

Nine times in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 15:9; 2 Kgs 8:16; 8:25; 14:1; 15:1 6–9 2 Kgs 15:13; 15:32; 16:1; 18:1

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences of a report of a king reigning (�‫)מ ַל‬ ָ as king over Judah (‫הוּדה‬ ָ ְ‫ ) ֶמ ֶל� י‬without the prep. ‫ﬠל‬. ַ

1 KINGS 15:10 ‫ישׁ ֽלוֹם׃‬ ָ ‫ת־א ִב‬ ֲ ‫שׁם ִא ֔מּוֹ ַמ ֲﬠ ָ ֖כה ַבּ‬ ֣ ֵ ְ‫ירוּשׁ ָל֑� ו‬ ָ ‫וְ ַא ְר ָבּ ִ ֤ﬠים וְ ַא ַח ֙ת ָשׁ ֔ ָנה ָמ ַל֖� ִבּ‬ 15:10

‫ישׁלוֹם‬ ָ ‫ֲא ִב‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 15:2.

1 KINGS 15:12 ‫ל־הגִּ ֻלּ ֔ ִלים ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ֖שׂוּ ֲאב ָ ֹֽתיו׃‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ן־ה ָ ֑א ֶרץ וַ ָ֨יּ ַס ֙ר ֶא‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ֲﬠ ֵ ֥בר ַה ְקּ ֵד ִ ֖שׁים ִמ‬ 15:12

‫ַה ְקּ ֵד ִשׁים‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 15:12; 2 Kgs 23:7

1 KINGS

299

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma (the male prostitutes), to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (34x) pointed differently as ‫( ַה ֳקּ ָד ִשׁים‬the sacred donations).

1 KINGS 15:13 ‫ת־מ ְפ ַל ְצ ָ֔תּהּ וַ יִּ ְשׂ ֖ר ֹף‬ ִ ‫ר־ﬠ ְשׂ ָ ֥תה ִמ ְפ ֶל ֶ֖צת ָל ֲא ֵשׁ ָ ֑רה וַ יִּ ְכ ֤ר ֹת ָא ָס ֙א ֶא‬ ָ ‫ירה ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֔ ָ ‫ת־מ ֲﬠ ָכ֣ה ִא ֗מּוֹ וַ יְ ִס ֶ ֨ר ָ֙ה ִמגְּ ִב‬ ַ ‫וְ ַג֣ם ׀ ֶא‬ ‫ְבּ ַנ ַ֥חל ִק ְד ֽרוֹן׃‬ 15:13

‫וַ יְ ִס ֶר ָה‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs once and written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫י‬.

This lemma is featured in a Mm list of forms of the hiphil of this verb that are written defective ‫ ;י‬see 2 Sam 3:26 sub ‫ה ִסּ ָרה‬.ַ

1 KINGS 15:15 ‫הו֑ה ֶ ֥כּ ֶסף וְ זָ ָ ֖הב וְ ֵכ ִ ֽלים׃‬ ָ ְ‫שׁי ָא ִ֔ביו וְ ָק ְד ֵ ֖שׁו ֵבּ֣ית י‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ת־ק ְד‬ ָ ‫וַ יָּ ֵב ֙א ֶא‬ 15:15

‫וַ יָּ ֵבא‬

Fifty-one times

‫נ̇ ̇א‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 18:27. 15:15

‫וְ ָק ְד ֵשׁו‬

Read ‫וְ ָק ְד ֵשׁי‬

‫וקדשי ̇ק‬

Mp

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫וקדשו‬, and his consecrated things), and the qərê (‫וְ ָק ְד ֵשׁי‬, the consecrated things of) are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations, where the kəṯîḇ is generally regarded as preferable; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 148–49. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that are written with a ‫ ו‬at the end of a word but are read as a ‫ ;י‬see the Mm at Dan 3:19 sub ‫אשׁתנו‬, Frensdorff, Ochlah, §136, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §120.

300

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 15:17 ‫הוּדה׃‬ ֽ ָ ְ‫ת־ה ָר ָ ֑מה ְל ִב ְל ִ֗תּי ֵ ֚תּת י ֵֹצ֣א וָ ָ֔בא ְל ָא ָ ֖סא ֶ ֥מ ֶל� י‬ ָ ‫הוּדה וַ יִּ ֶ֖בן ֶא‬ ֔ ָ ְ‫וַ ַ֨יּ ַﬠל ַבּ ְﬠ ָ ֤שׁא ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ַﬠל־י‬

15:17

‫וָ ָבא‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Sam 18:16; 1 Kgs 15:17; 2 Chr 16:1 —————————— ‫ וָ ָבא‬three times

1 Kgs 15:17 1 Sam 18:16

‫ובא ̇ג‬

Mm

‫תת )יוצא( ]יצא[ ובא‬ ‫יוצא ובא‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (55x) with a šûreq (‫;)וּבא‬ ָ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §1V. This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 196v, but the Mm note appears on the bottom of the preceding folio 196r.

1 KINGS 15:18 ‫רוֹת ֵבּ֣ית ַ◌ ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ַוֽ יִּ ְתּ ֵנ֖ם ְבּיַ ד־‬ ֙ ‫וֹצ‬ ְ ‫ת־א‬ ֽ ‫הוה וְ ֶא‬ ָ֗ ְ‫אוֹצ ֣רוֹת ֵבּית־י‬ ְ ‫נּוֹת ִ ֣רים ׀ ְבּ‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ֶ֨כּ ֶסף וְ ַהזָּ ָ֜הב ַ ֽה‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ַ ֣קּח ֠ ָא ָסא ֶא‬ ‫מר׃‬ ֹ ֽ ‫יוֹן ֶ ֣מ ֶל� ֲא ָ ֔רם ַהיּ ֵ ֹ֥שׁב ְבּ ַד ֶ ֖מּ ֶשׂק ֵלא‬ ֙ ְ‫ן־חז‬ ֶ ‫מּן ֶבּ‬ ֹ ֤ ‫ן־ט ְב ִר‬ ַ ‫ן־ה ַדד ֶבּ‬ ֲ ֠ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֶ ‫ֲﬠ ָב ָ ֑דיו וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָל ֵ֞חם ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ָא ָ֗סא ֶא‬ 15:18

‫אוֹצרוֹת‬ ְ

Eleven times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇א‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 14:26.

Mp

1 KINGS 15:18

�‫ַ◌ ֶמּ ֶל‬

Read �‫ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬

‫המלך ̇ק‬

301

Mp

ַ represent examples of the omission of a definite Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)מלך‬, and the qərê (�‫)ה ֶמּ ֶל‬ article; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 147.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ ה‬at the beginning of a word is read, but not written; see the Mm at 2 Sam 23:9 sub ‫◌גִּ בּ ִֹרים‬, ַ Frensdorff, Ochlah, §165 & p. 37*, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §90. 15:18

‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָל ֵחם‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 8:9. 15:18

Mp

‫ַט ְב ִרמֹּן‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬. This lemma is featured in a list of words containing ‫ ִרמֹּן‬written defective ‫ ;ו‬see the Mm at Exod 39:26, and Num 33:19 sub ‫רמֹּן‬.ִ

1 KINGS 15:19 ‫ת־בּ ְﬠ ָ ֣שׁא‬ ַ ‫ית ֙� ֶא‬ ְ ‫ת־בּ ִ ֽר‬ ְ ‫וּב ֔ ֶינ� ֵ ֥בּין ָא ִ ֖בי ֵוּב֣ין ָא ִ ֑בי� ִהנֵּ ֩ה ָשׁ ֨ ַל ְח ִ ֽתּי ְל�֥ ֨שׁ ֹ ַח ֙ד ֶכּ ֶ֣סף וְ זָ ָ֔הב ֵל֣� ָה ֗ ֵפ ָרה ֶא‬ ֵ ‫ית ֵבּ ִינ֣י‬ ֙ ‫ְבּ ִר‬ ‫ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וְ יַ ֲﬠ ֶל֖ה ֵמ ָﬠ ָ ֽלי׃‬ 15:19 Unique

‫ָה ֵפ ָרה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the additional ending ‫ָ◌ה‬ (emphatic imper.), to distinguish it from its four occurrences without this addition (‫ה ֵפר‬,ָ infin. absol. or imper., one of which occurs in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 16:3).

302 15:19

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וְ יַ ֲﬠ ֶלה‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 15:19; Jer 21:2; 2 Chr 16:3

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with šəwâ under the ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences with a paṯaḥ (‫ ;)וַ יַּ ֲﬠ ֶלה‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §8J, and 1 Kgs 16:17.

1 KINGS 15:20 ‫ת־דּן‬ ֔ ָ ‫ת־ﬠיּ֣ וֹן וְ ֶא‬ ִ ‫ל־ﬠ ֵ ֣רי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וַ יַּ ֙� ֶא‬ ָ ‫ר־לוֹ ַﬠ‬ ֙ ‫ת־שׂ ֵ ֨רי ַה ֲחיָ ִ ֤לים ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ָא ָ֗סא ַו֠יִּ ְשׁ ַלח ֶא‬ ַ ‫ן־ה ַ ֜דד ֶא‬ ֲ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ֨מע ֶבּ‬ ‫ל־א ֶרץ נַ ְפ ָתּ ִ ֽלי׃‬ ֥ ֶ ‫ל־כּנְ ֔רוֹת ַ ֖ﬠל ָכּ‬ ִ ‫ית־מ ֲﬠ ָכ֑ה וְ ֵא ֙ת ָכּ‬ ַ ‫וְ ֵ ֖את ָא ֵב֣ל ֵ ֽבּ‬ 15:20

‫ֶאל‬

Nineteen verses in which there is the sequence ‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ֶאל‬ Com.: See 1 Sam 15:1.

‫פסוק אל על על‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ט‬

Mp

In ML the circellus for this lemma has been placed on ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַמע‬, the first word in the verse. 15:20

‫ ֶאת‬1

Seventeen verses that have the sequence ‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫וְ ֶאת‬...‫ ֶאת‬...‫ֶאת‬

‫פסוק את את ואת ואת ואת‬ ̇ ̇‫י̇ ז‬

1–5 Exod 29:13; 37:16; Lev 11:22; Josh 8:1; 21:13 6–10 Josh 21:21; 21:27; 21:38; Judg 18:17; 1 Kgs 15:20 11–14 1 Chr 6:52; 2 Chr 11:20; 16:4; 29:18

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of seventeen verses etc. is incorrect since there are only fourteen occurrences of this lemma; see Jobin, Concordance, 91. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

In ML this lemma has no circellus.

15:20

‫ל־ﬠ ֵרי‬ ָ ‫ַﬠ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 15:20; Jer 4:16

1 KINGS

303

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with ‫ﬠל‬, ַ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (5x) with ‫ל־ﬠ ֵרי( ֶאל‬ ָ ‫)א‬. ֶ

This distinction is implied in the Mm at Jer 4:16 in the additional notation of Kings to the 1 Kgs 15:20 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Chr 16:4, where the lemma occurs as ‫ל־ﬠ ֵרי‬ ָ ‫א‬. ֶ This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets beginning with ‫;ﬠל‬ ַ see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §87, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §156D. 15:20

‫ִﬠיּוֹן‬

‫ ִﬠיּוֹן‬three times and plene

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫עיון ̇ג‬

1 Kgs 15:20 And its companion (2 Chr 16:4) 2 Kgs 15:29

Mm

‫וישמע בן הדד‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫בימי פקח מלך ישראל‬

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs three times and written plene ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 15:22 ‫יה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָבּ ָנ֖ה ַבּ ְﬠ ָ ֑שׁא וַ יִּ ֶ֤בן‬ ָ ‫ת־ﬠ ֶ֔צ‬ ֵ ‫ת־א ְב ֵנ֤י ָ ֽה ָר ָמ ֙ה וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫הוּד ֙ה ֵ ֣אין נָ ִ֔קי וַ יִּ ְשׂ ֞אוּ ֶא‬ ָ ְ‫ת־כּל־י‬ ָ ‫וְ ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל� ָא ָ֜סא ִה ְשׁ ִ ֤מ ַי� ֶא‬ ‫ת־ה ִמּ ְצ ָ ֽפּה׃‬ ַ ‫ת־גּ ַ֥בע ִבּנְ יָ ִ ֖מן וְ ֶא‬ ֶ ‫ָבּ ֙ם ַה ֶ ֣מּ ֶל� ָא ָ֔סא ֶא‬ 15:22 Unique

‫וְ ַה ֶמּ ֶל� ָא ָסא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma, to distinguish it from the sole occurrence of the phrase in reverse order (�‫ )וְ ָא ָסא ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬in the parallel passage of 2 Chr 16:6.

1 KINGS 15:23 ‫ל־ס ֶפר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי‬ ֛ ֵ ‫תוּבים ַﬠ‬ ִ֗ ‫א־ה ָמּה ְכ‬ ֣ ֵ ֹ ‫שׁר ָבּ ֔ ָנה ֲה ֽל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ים ֲא‬ ֙ ‫שׁר ָﬠ ָ֗שׂה וְ ֶ ֽה ָﬠ ִר‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־א‬ ֲ ‫י־א ָסא וְ ָכל־גְּ ֨ב ָוּר ֜תוֹ וְ ָכ‬ ָ ֠ ‫ל־דּ ְב ֵ ֽר‬ ִ ‫וְ ֶי ֶ֣תר ָכּ‬ ‫ת־רגְ ָ ֽליו׃‬ ַ ‫הוּדה ַ ֚רק ְל ֵﬠ֣ת זִ ְקנָ ֔תוֹ ָח ָל֖ה ֶא‬ ֑ ָ ְ‫ַהיָּ ִ ֖מים ְל ַמ ְל ֵכ֣י י‬ 15:23

‫ָכּל‬

Eight verses in which there is the sequence ‫וְ ָכל‬...‫וְ ָכל‬...‫ָכּל‬

[‫פסוק כל וכל )כל( ]וכל‬ ̇ ‫ ̇ח‬Mp

304

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

1–5 Num 5:2; 11:32; Deut 3:10; 1 Sam 22:2; 2 Sam 16:6 6–9 1 Kgs 15:23; 2 Kgs 16:15; Jer 30:16; 44:15 ——————————

Eight verses in which there is the sequence ‫וְ ָכל‬...‫וְ ָכל‬...‫ָכּל‬ 1–5 Num 5:2 Num 11:32

2 Sam 16:6 6–9 1 Kgs 15:23 2 Kgs 16:15 Jer 30:16 Jer 44:15

‫̇ח פסוק אית בהון כל וכל וכל‬

Mm

‫צו את בני ישראל‬ ‫ויקם העם כל היום ההוא‬ ‫ויסקל באבנים‬ ‫ויתר כל דברי אסא‬ [‫ויצוה המלך )אסא( ]אחז‬ ‫לכן כל אכליך יאכלו‬ ‫ויענו את ירמיהו כל‬

Com.: The Mp and Mm headings here, and the Mp headings at Num 11:32 and 1 Sam 22:2 of eight verses etc., are incorrect since there are nine occurrences of verses that have the sequence ‫וְ ָכל‬...‫וְ ָכל‬...‫ ; ָכּל‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §312, and Jobin, Concordance, 120. The Mp heading at Jer 30:16 reads one verse (that has the sequence) etc. is also incorrect, since there are two occurrences of this lemma in Jeremiah. MA correctly reads nine verses that have the sequence ‫וְ ָכל‬...‫וְ ָכל‬...‫כּל‬.ָ MC has no note here. In ML this lemma has no circellus. 15:23

Unique

‫י־א ָסא‬ ָ ‫ל־דּ ְב ֵר‬ ִ ‫ָכּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of the phrase ‫י־א ָסא‬ ָ ‫ ִדּ ְב ֵר‬with ‫כּל‬,ָ to distinguish it from its occurrence without ‫י־א ָסא( ָכּל‬ ָ ‫ ִ)דּ ְב ֵר‬in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 16:11.

In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫י־א ָסא‬ ָ ‫ ִדּ ְב ֵר‬but, since this phrase occurs twice, it is most likely that the note should be extended, as MC does, to include ‫ ָכּל‬since the larger phrase ‫י־א ָסא‬ ָ ‫ל־דּ ְב ֵר‬ ִ ‫ ָכּ‬only occurs this once. MA has no note here.

1 KINGS

305

1 KINGS 15:27 ‫שׁר ַל ְפּ ִל ְשׁ ִ ֑תּים וְ נָ ָד ֙ב וְ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ן־א ִחיָּ ֙ה ְל ֵב֣ית יִ ָשּׂ ֶשׂ ָ֔כר וַ יַּ ֵכּ֣הוּ ַב ְﬠ ָ֔שׁא ְבּגִ ְבּ ֖תוֹן ֲא‬ ֲ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ֨שׁ ֹר ָﬠ ֜ ָליו ַבּ ְﬠ ָ ֤שׁא ֶב‬ ‫ָצ ִ ֖רים ַ ֽﬠל־גִּ ְבּ ֽתוֹן׃‬ 15:27

‫וְ ָכל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬

Thirty-five times

‫̇ל ̇ה‬

Com.: See Josh 8:15.

Mp

1 KINGS 15:29 ‫שׁר ִדּ ֶ֔בּר‬ ֣ ֶ ‫הוה ֲא‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ד־ה ְשׁ ִמ ֑דוֹ ִכּ ְד ַ ֣בר י‬ ִ ‫א־ה ְשׁ ִ ֧איר ָכּל־נְ ָשׁ ָ ֛מה ְליָ ָר ְב ָ ֖ﬠם ַﬠ‬ ִ ֹ ‫ל־בּ֣ית יָ ָר ְב ֔ ָﬠם ֽל‬ ֵ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ְכ ָמ ְל ֗כוֹ ִה ָכּ ֙ה ֶא‬ ‫י�ני׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫ד־ﬠ ְב ֖דּוֹ ֲא ִחיָּ ֥ה ַה ִשּׁ‬ ַ ַ‫ְבּי‬ 15:29 Unique

‫ְכ ָמ ְלכוֹ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

—————————— 15:29

‫וַ יְ ִהי ְכ ָמ ְלכוֹ‬

The first is ‫( וַ יְ ִהי ְכ ָמ ְלכוֹ‬1 Kgs 15:29)

The second is ‫( וַ יְ ִהי ְב ָמ ְלכוֹ‬1 Kgs 16:11) And its sîman is Job 29:25

‫קדמייה ויהי כמלכו‬

Mm

‫תינינה ויהי במלכו‬

‫וסימנה )ואשכן במלך( ]ואשכון כמלך[ בגדוד‬ ̇

Com.: The Masorah compares the two parallel phrases of 1 Kgs 15:29 and 1 Kgs 16:11 and notes their difference by means of a third verse sîman. In the first verse, the prep. that occurs with ‫ ָמ ְלכוֹ‬is ‫כ‬, whereas in the second verse it is ‫ב‬.

Job 29:25 is cited as the third verse sîman because it contains the elements of this difference, namely it has both prepositions attached to two nouns occurring in the same order ‫ב‬...‫כ‬ (‫ ) ְכּ ֶמ ֶל� ַבּגְּ דוּד‬as in the two verses from Kings (‫ ְב ָמ ְלכוֹ‬...‫) ְכ ָמ ְלכוֹ‬.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that only occur once beginning with ‫ ;כ‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §19, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §20.

306 15:29

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ִה ְשׁ ִמדוֹ‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 15:29; 2 Kgs 10:17*

Mp

——————————

‫ ְשׁ ִמ ָידה‬five times defective in various forms

1–5 Deut 7:24 (�‫)ה ְשׁ ִמ ְד‬ ִ Josh 11:14 (‫)ה ְשׁ ִמ ָדם‬ ִ 1 Kgs 15 29 (‫)ה ְשׁ ִמדוֹ‬ ִ

*‫ד־ה ְשׁ ִמדוֹ‬ ִ ‫ ַﬠ‬of Jehu (2 Kgs 10:17) (‫)ה ְשׁ ִמדוֹ‬ ִ Isa 23:11 (‫)ל ְשׁ ִמד‬ ַ

̇‫חסיר בלישנ‬ ̇ ‫שמידה ̇ה‬

Mm

‫ונתן מלכיהם בידך‬ ‫וכל שלל הערים האלה והבהמה‬ ‫ויהי )במלכו( ]כמלכו[ הכה את‬ [‫כל בית )בעשא(]ירבעם‬ ‫עד השמידו דיהוא‬ ‫לשמד מעזניה‬

Com.: The Mp notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences written plene ‫)ה ְשׁ ִמידוֹ( י‬. ִ

The Mm notes the five occurrences of various forms of the hiphil of ‫ ָשׁ ַמד‬that are written defective ‫י‬, to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences of hiphil forms of this verb that are written plene ‫( י‬e.g., ‫)ה ְשׁ ִמיד‬. ִ

* ML, contrary to M (‫)ה ְשׁ ִמדוֹ‬, ִ writes 2 Kgs 10:17 plene (‫;)ה ְשׁ ִמידוֹ‬ ִ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 125. However, the Mp heading here reads twice defective, thus supporting the enumeration inherent in the text of M. The additional notation of Jehu to the 2 Kgs 10:17 reference is simply to contrast the verse containing those catchwords with those in this verse, which have the same words (‫ַﬠד־‬ ‫)ה ְשׁ ִמדוֹ‬. ִ In ML this lemma has no circellus. 15:29

‫הוה‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ִכּ ְד ַ ֣בר י‬

Five times with the accents (mûnaḥ and zaqeṕ)

‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 15:29; 16:34; 17:16; 2 Kgs 10:17; 2 Kgs 24:2 ——————————

Mp

1 KINGS ‫הוה‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ ִכּ ְד ַ ֣בר י‬five times with the accents (mûnaḥ and zaqeṕ) in the book

307

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫כדבר יהוה ̇ה בטע‬

1–5 1 Kgs 15:29 1 Kgs 16:34 1 Kgs 17:16 And its companion (2 Kgs 10:17) 2 Kgs 24:2

Mm

[‫אחיה )השלני( ]השילני‬ ‫יהושע‬ ‫אליהו‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫ביד עבדיו הנביאים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma in the book with the accents mûnaḥ and zaqeṕ, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (12x) in the book with other accents.

The Mp headings at 1 Kgs 16:34 and 2 Kgs 10:17 of four times with these accents (in the book) may be the result of at least one Mm note listing just one catchword, instead of two, for the identical references at 1 Kgs 17:16 and 2 Kgs 10:17, here indicated by two catchwords (‫ֵא ִליָּ הוּ‬ and ‫)וְ ַח ֵבירוֹ‬. Thus in MC, in the Mm at 1 Kgs 16:34, only four catchwords are listed, the one for ‫ ֵא ִליָּ הוּ‬standing for both 1 Kgs 17:16 and 2 Kgs 10:17; see Castro, El codice, 3:129, 229, and also Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.

1 KINGS 15:30 ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֥ ֵ ‫הו֖ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫שׁר ִה ְכ ֔ ִﬠיס ֶאת־י‬ ֣ ֶ ‫שׁר ָח ָ֔טא וַ ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ֶה ֱח ִ ֖טיא ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ְבּ ַכ ְﬠ ֕סוֹ ֲא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ח ֤טּ ֹאות יָ ָר ְב ָﬠ ֙ם ֲא‬ ַ ‫ַﬠ‬ 15:30

‫וַ ֲא ֶשׁר ֶה ֱח ִטיא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 14:16.

1 KINGS 15:31 ‫ל־ס ֶפר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי ַהיָּ ִ ֖מים ְל ַמ ְל ֵ ֥כי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֛ ֵ ‫תוּבים ַﬠ‬ ִ֗ ‫ֹא־הם ְכּ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֑שׂה ֲהל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־א‬ ֲ ‫וְ ֶי ֶ֛תר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי נָ ָ ֖דב וְ ָכ‬ 15:31

‫וְ ֶי ֶ֛תר‬

Thirteen times with the accent (təḇîr) in the book

1–5 1 Kgs 14:29; 15:31; 16:14; 2 Kgs 1:18; 8:23 6–10 2 Kgs 12:20; 15:6; 15:21; 15:26; 15:36 11–14 2 Kgs 16:19; 21:25; 23:28; 24:5 ——————————

‫בטע בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ג‬

Mp

308

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫ וְ ֶי ֶ֛תר‬thirteen times with the accent (təḇîr) in the book 1–5

1 Kgs 14:29 1 Kgs 15:31 1 Kgs 16:14 2 Kgs 1:18 2 Kgs 8:23 6–10 2 Kgs 15:6 2 Kgs 15:21 2 Kgs 15:26 2 Kgs 15:36 2 Kgs 16:19 11–13 2 Kgs 21:25 2 Kgs 23:28 2 Kgs 24:5

‫בסיפר‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫ויתר י̇ ̇ג‬

Mm

‫רחבעם‬ ‫נדב‬ ‫אלה‬ ‫אחזיהו‬ ‫יורם‬ [‫)עזריה( ]עזריהו‬ ‫מנחם‬ ‫פקחיה‬ ‫יותם‬ ‫אחז‬ ‫אמון‬ ‫יאשיהו‬ ‫יהויקים‬

Com.: The Mp heading here, at 1 Kgs 16:14, and at 2 Kgs 15:36, of thirteen is incorrect since there are fourteen occurrences of this lemma.

The Masorah notes the fourteen occurrences of this word in the book with a təḇîr accent, to distinguish them from occurrences of ‫ וְ יֶ ֶתר‬with other accents such as ʾazlâ (2 Kgs 10:34; 21:17) and təlîšâ qəṭannâ (2 Kgs 14:28).

The number thirteen is the one given in the headings of the highlighted Mp notes, and is the number of sets of catchwords listed here in the Mm. But 2 Kgs 12:20 with Joash, omitted from the Mm listings, constitutes a fourteenth case. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

In ML the last part of the Mp note ‫ בסיפ‬has most unusually been separated from the first part of the note by a few lines.

1 KINGS 15:33 ‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ְבּ ִת ְר ָ֔צה ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֥רים וְ ַא ְר ַ ֖בּע ָשׁ ָנֽה׃‬ ָ ‫ן־א ִחיָּ ֤ה ַﬠ‬ ֲ ‫הוּדה ֠ ָמ ַל� ַבּ ְﬠ ָ֨שׁא ֶב‬ ֑ ָ ְ‫ִבּ ְשׁ ַנ֣ת ָשׁ ֔�שׁ ְל ָא ָ ֖סא ֶ ֣מ ֶל� י‬ 15:33

‫ל־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ָ ‫ַﬠ‬

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 11:2.

Mp

1 KINGS

309

1 KINGS 16:1 ‫מר׃‬ ֹ ֽ ‫ל־בּ ְﬠ ָ ֖שׁא ֵלא‬ ַ ‫ן־ח ֔ ָננִ י ַﬠ‬ ֲ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֤הי ְד ַבר־יְ הוָ ֙ה ֶאל־יֵ ֣הוּא ֶב‬ 16:1

‫ל־בּ ְﬠ ָשׁא‬ ַ ‫ַﬠ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that only occur once preceded by the prep. ‫;ﬠל‬ ַ see Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §155.

1 KINGS 16:2 ‫ת־ﬠ ִ ֣מּי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל‬ ַ ‫ן־ה ָﬠ ֔ ָפר וָ ֶא ֶתּנְ �֣ נָ ֔ ִגיד ַ ֖ﬠל ַﬠ ִ ֣מּי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל וַ ֵ ֣תּ ֶל� ׀ ְבּ ֶד ֶ֣ר� יָ ָר ְב ֗ ָﬠם ַו ַֽתּ ֲח ִט ֙א ֶא‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ַ֗י ַﬠן ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ֲה ִרימ ִֹ֨ת ֙י� ִמ‬ ‫אתם׃‬ ֽ ָ ֹ ‫יסנִ י ְבּ ַחטּ‬ ֖ ֵ ‫ְל ַה ְכ ִﬠ‬ 16:2

�‫ֲה ִרימ ִֹתי‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

16:2

‫וַ ַתּ ֲח ִטא‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 14:7. Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 16:2; 21:22

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬consec. written defective ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence without a ‫ ו‬consec., written plene ‫י‬ (‫)תּ ֲח ִטיא‬ ַ at Deut 24:4.

16:2

‫יסנִ י‬ ֵ ‫ְל ַה ְכ ִﬠ‬

Twice written like this

Com.: See 1 Kgs 14:9.

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

310

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 16:4 ‫אכל֖ וּ ֥ﬠוֹף ַה ָשּׁ ָ ֽמיִ ם׃‬ ְ ֹ ‫אכל֖ וּ ַה ְכּ ָל ִ ֑בים וְ ַה ֵ ֥מּת ֙לוֹ ַבּ ָשּׂ ֶ ֔דה י‬ ְ ֹ ‫ַה ֵ ֤מּת ְל ַב ְﬠ ָשׁ ֙א ָבּ ֔ ִﬠיר ֽי‬

16:4

‫וְ ַה ֵמּת לוֹ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ לוֹ‬in the phrase ‫וְ ַה ֵמּת לוֹ ַבּ ָשּׂ ֶדה‬, to distinguish it from its two occurrences of this phrase without ‫ )וְ ַה ֵמּת ַבּ ָשּׂ ֶדה( לוֹ‬at 1 Kgs 14:11 and 21:24.

1 KINGS 16:5 ‫ל־ס ֶפר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי ַהיָּ ִ ֖מים ְל ַמ ְל ֵ ֥כי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֛ ֵ ‫תוּבים ַﬠ‬ ִ֗ ‫א־הם ְכּ‬ ֣ ֵ ֹ ‫וְ ֶ֨י ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי ַב ְﬠ ָ ֛שׁא וַ ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֖שׂה וּגְ ֽב ָוּר ֑תוֹ ֲהל‬ 16:5

‫וְ ֶ֨י ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי ַב ְﬠ ָ ֛שׁא‬

Five times with the accents (ʾazlâ, mêrəḵâ or dargâ and təḇîr) in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 11:41. 16:5

‫וַ ֲא ֶשׁר ָﬠ ָשׂה‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

Com.: See Josh 24:17.

1 KINGS 16:7 ‫ר־ﬠ ָ ֣שׂה ׀ ְבּ ֵﬠ ֵינ֣י‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ָר ָﬠ֣ה ׀ ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ָ ‫יתוֹ וְ ַ ֥ﬠל ָכּ‬ ֜ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֵ ‫ל־בּ ְﬠ ָ֨שׁא וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫הוה ָהיָ ֩ה ֶא‬ ָ֡ ְ‫ן־ח ֜ ָננִ י ַהנָּ ִ֗ביא ְדּ ַבר־י‬ ֲ ‫וְ ֡ ַגם ְבּיַ ד־יֵ ֨הוּא ֶב‬ ‫ר־ה ָ ֖כּה א ֹֽתוֹ׃ פ‬ ִ ‫שׂה יָ ָ ֔דיו ִל ְהי֖ וֹת ְכּ ֵב֣ית יָ ָר ְב ָ ֑ﬠם וְ ַ ֥ﬠל ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫יסוֹ ְבּ ַמ ֲﬠ‬ ֙ ‫הוה ְל ַה ְכ ִﬠ‬ ָ֗ ְ‫י‬ 16:7

‫ֶאל‬

Three verses in which there is the sequence ‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ֶאל‬...‫ֶאל‬

‫̇ג פסוק אל אל על על‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of three verses having the sequence ‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ֶאל‬...‫ ֶאל‬is incorrect since there is only one occurrence of this sequence in Jer 36:23. The sequence of prepositions that is in this verse is ‫וְ ַﬠל‬...‫וְ ַﬠל‬...‫וְ ֶאל‬...‫ ֶאל‬, but this sequence occurs only here; see Jobin, Concordance, 24.

1 KINGS

311

The Mp heading of MA reads here ‫ﬠל‬...‫ל‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬...‫אל‬, ֶ whereas the Mm heading there reads ‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ֶאל‬...‫ ֶאל‬. Most likely, as indicated in Miqraot Gedolot ‘Haketer’ (see Cohen, The ‘Keter’ Databases, ad loc), the note has to do with the sequence ‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ֶאל‬...‫ ֶאל‬with some of the prepositions having ‫ ו‬cj. The three verses listed in the Mm in MA are: (1) 1 Kgs 16:7 (this verse), which has the sequence ‫וְ ַﬠל‬...‫וְ ַﬠל‬...‫וְ ֶאל‬...‫( ; ֶאל‬2) Jer 36:23, with the sequence ‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ֶאל‬...‫ ; ֶאל‬and (3) 2 Chr 34:28, with the sequence ‫וְ ַﬠל‬...‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ֶאל‬...‫ ֶאל‬. However, another verse with the same sequence as the last one is Josh 14:6, which would bring the total for this lemma to four verses. In ML this lemma has no circellus. MC has no note here. 16:7

‫ל־בּ ְﬠ ָשׁא‬ ַ ‫ֶא‬

‫ל־בּ ְﬠ ָשׁא‬ ַ ‫ ֶא‬twice

1 Kgs 16:7 1 Kgs 16:12

‫אל בעשא ̇ב‬

Mm

‫וגם ביד יהוא בן חנני‬ ‫וישמד זמרי‬

And once (‫ל־בּ ְﬠ ָשׁא‬ ַ ‫)ﬠ‬: ַ 1 Kgs 16:1

‫וחד על בעשא ויהי דבר יהוה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of ‫ ַבּ ְﬠ ָשׁא‬with ‫( ֶאל‬1 Kgs 16:7 and 12), and one occurrence with ‫ל־בּ ְﬠ ָשׁא( ַﬠל‬ ַ ‫)ﬠ‬ ַ at 1 Kgs 16:1. 16:7

‫ל־בּיתוֹ‬ ֵ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See Josh 20:6. 16:7

Mp

‫ל־ה ָר ָﬠה‬ ָ ‫וְ ַﬠל ָכּ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Deut 31:18 (‫;)ﬠל‬ ַ 1 Kgs 16:7; Job 42:11 (‫)ﬠל‬ ַ —————————— ‫ל־ה ָר ָﬠה‬ ָ ‫ וְ ַﬠל ָכּ‬three times Deut 31:18 1 Kgs 16:7 Job 42:11

‫ועל כל הרעה ̇ג‬

‫ואנכי הסתר‬ ‫וגם ביד יהוא בן חנני‬ ‫ויבאו אליו כל אחיו וכל אחיותיו‬

Mm

312

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with ‫כּל‬,ָ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) without ‫) ַﬠל ָה ָר ָﬠה( ָכּל‬. 16:7

Four times

‫וְ ַﬠל ֲא ֶשׁר‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Sam 30:14; 2 Sam 12:6; 1 Kgs 16:7; Hag 1:11

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (33x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 16:9 ‫ל־ה ַ ֖בּיִ ת‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ֤שׁ ֹר ָﬠ ָל ֙יו ַﬠ ְב ֣דּוֹ זִ ְמ ִ ֔רי ַ ֖שׂר ַמ ֲח ִ ֣צית ָה ָ ֑ר ֶכב וְ ֤הוּא ְב ִת ְר ָצ ֙ה שׁ ֶ ֹ֣תה ִשׁ ֔כּוֹר ֵבּ֣ית ַא ְר ָ֔צא ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ַﬠ‬ ‫ְבּ ִת ְר ָ ֽצה׃‬ 16:9

‫אַר ָצא‬ ְ

Unique and written this way

‫וכת‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: Both MC and MA also read here unique and written this way. However, in MC this lemma is part of a cumulative Mm that lists twelve unique forms that end either in ‫ ָצא‬or ‫צה‬.ָ

This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists of words. One is in a list of words with initial ‫א‬ that occur only once; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §35, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §36.

The other is in a list of words which only occur once accented milraʿ but which otherwise occur accented milʿêl (‫ ;)אַ֫ ְר ָצה‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §373.

1 KINGS 16:10 ‫הוּדה וַ יִּ ְמ�֖ � ַתּ ְח ָ ֽתּיו׃‬ ֑ ָ ְ‫יתהוּ ִבּ ְשׁנַ ֙ת ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֣רים וָ ֶ֔שׁ ַבע ְל ָא ָ ֖סא ֶ ֣מ ֶל� י‬ ֵ֔ ‫וַ יָּ ֤ב ֹא זִ ְמ ִ ֙רי וַ יַּ ֵכּ֣הוּ וַ יְ ִמ‬ 16:10

‫יתהוּ‬ ֵ ‫וַ יְ ִמ‬

Eight times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 13:24.

Mp

‫‪313‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS‬‬ ‫‪1 KINGS 16:11‬‬

‫א־ה ְשׁ ִ ֥איר ל֖ וֹ ַמ ְשׁ ִ ֣תּין ְבּ ִ ֑ קיר וְ ג ֲֹא ָל֖יו וְ ֵר ֵ ֽﬠהוּ׃‬ ‫ל־בּ֣ית ַבּ ְﬠ ָ֔שׁא ֽל ֹ ִ‬ ‫ת־כּ ֵ‬ ‫ל־כּ ְס ֗אוֹ ִה ָכּ ֙ה ֶא ָ‬ ‫וַ יְ ִ֨הי ְב ָמ ְל ֜כוֹ ְכּ ִשׁ ְב ֣תּוֹ ַﬠ ִ‬ ‫ְכּ ִשׁ ְבתּוֹ‬

‫‪16:11‬‬

‫̇ב‬

‫‪Twice‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Deut 17:18; 1 Kgs 16:11‬‬

‫‪Mm‬‬

‫——————————‬ ‫‪ְ twice‬כּ ִשׁ ְבתּוֹ‬

‫כשבתו ̇ב‬

‫והיה כשבתו על כסא ממלכתו‬ ‫)והיה( ]ויהי[ במלכו כשבתו על כסאו‬ ‫וחד }בשבתו{ נודע בשערים בעלה >בשבתואשה< אלמנה‬ ‫והנני מקששת‬ ‫שנים בפסוקה‬

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬. The addition at the end that this lemma occurs twice in the verse is incorrect: it should have been twice in the section ( ̇‫)שנים בעינ‬.

This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 197v, but the Mm note appears on the top of the following folio 198r.

1 KINGS 17:11 ‫ת־ל ֶ֖חם ְבּיָ ֵ ֽד�׃‬ ֶ ‫י־נ֥א ִ ֛לי ַפּ‬ ָ ‫אמר ִ ֽל ְק ִח‬ ַ֔ ֹ ‫יה וַ יּ‬ ָ֙ ‫וַ ֵ ֖תּ ֶל� ָל ַ ֑ ק ַחת וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֤רא ֵא ֨ ֶל‬ 17:11

‫ִל ְק ִחי‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Deut 32:2; 1 Kgs 17:11; Job 11:4 ——————————

‫ ִל ְק ִחי‬three times, and their references Deut 32:2 1 Kgs 17:11 Job 11:4

‫לקחי ̇ג וסימנהון‬

‫יערף כמטר לקחי תזל כטל אמרתי‬ ‫לקחי )פת( ]נא[ לי פת לחם‬ ‫ותאמר זך לקחי‬

Mm

1 KINGS

331

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, two of which signify a noun my teaching (Deut 32:2 and Job 11:4), and one signifies a 2nd pers fem. imper. take! (here). This lemma in its verbal meaning is featured in a Masoretic list of forms that occur once with a ‫( ל‬here), and once without (‫ק ִחי‬, ְ 1 Kgs 17:10); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §245, and Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §136.

1 KINGS 17:12 ‫ט־שׁ ֶמן ַבּ ַצּ ָ ֑פּ ַחת וְ ִהנְ ֨ ִני ְמק ֶֹ֜שׁ ֶשׁת‬ ֖ ֶ ‫וּמ ַﬠ‬ ְ ‫ף־ק ַמ ֙ח ַבּ ַ֔כּד‬ ֨ ֶ ‫ם־מ ֤ל ֹא ַכ‬ ְ ‫שׁ־לי ָמ ֔עוֹג ִ ֣כּי ִא‬ ֣ ִ ֶ‫�ה ֙י� ִאם־י‬ ֶ֨ ‫הו֤ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫אמר ַחי־י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֗תּ‬ ‫יהוּ ִ ֣לי וְ ִל ְב ֔ ִני וַ ֲא ַכ ְל ֻנ֖הוּ וָ ָ ֽמ ְתנוּ׃‬ ֙ ‫ית‬ ִ֨ ‫את֙י וַ ֲﬠ ִשׂ‬ ִ ‫וּב‬ ָ֨ ‫ְשׁ ַנ֣ יִ ם ֵﬠ ִ֗צים‬ 17:12

�‫�הי‬ ֶ ‫ַחי־יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 17:12; 18:10

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of the addition of �‫�הי‬ ֶ ‫ ֱא‬to the oath formula ‫חי־יְ הוָ ה‬,ַ which by itself occurs forty-one times; see v. 1. 17:12

‫ ִאם‬1

Two verses in the book 1 Kgs 17:1; 17:12

‫̇ב פסוק בסיפ‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two verses in the book that have the sequence ‫ ִאם‬...‫ ; ִאם‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §346, Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §91, and Jobin, Concordance, 27. 17:12

‫ָמעוֹג‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 17:12; Ps 35:16

Com.: The Mp heading at Ps 35:16 adds the catchwords ‫שׁ־לי( אם יש לי‬ ִ ֶ‫)אם־י‬ ִ to refer the reader to this verse.

This lemma is found in a Masoretic list of homonymous doublets; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §59, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §60. However, the exact meaning of ‫ ָמעוֹג‬in both of these passages is uncertain.

332 17:12

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וְ ִהנְ נִ י‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 5:19. 17:12

‫ְמק ֶֹשׁ ֶשׁת‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

17:12

‫יתיהוּ‬ ִ ‫וַ ֲﬠ ִשׂ‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 17:10. Unique and plene

Mp

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written (doubly) plene ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective, first or second ‫י‬. 17:12

Unique 17:12

Five times

‫וַ ֲא ַכ ְלנֻ הוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫וָ ָמ ְתנוּ‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Deut 5:25; 1 Kgs 17:12; 2 Kgs 7:4a; (‫ ;)וָ ַמ ְתנוּ‬7:4b; 7:4c

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma, four of which have a pausal vowel qameṣ under the ‫מ‬, and all of which have the ‫ ו‬consec. pointed with a qameṣ before the tone syllable; see GKC, §104g.

1 KINGS 17:13 �֣‫֣את ֔ ִלי וְ ָל‬ ְ ‫הוֹצ‬ ֵ ְ‫י־לי ֠ ִמ ָשּׁם ֻﬠ ֨ ָגה ְק ַט ָנּ֤ה ָב ִראשׁ ֹנָ ֙ה ו‬ ֣ ִ ‫ל־תּ ְיר ִ֔אי ֖בֹּ ִאי ֲﬠ ִ ֣שׂי ִכ ְד ָב ֵ ֑ר� ַ ֣א� ֲﬠ ִשׂ‬ ֣ ִ ‫הוּ ַא‬ ֙ ‫֤יה ֵא ִל ָ֨יּ‬ ָ ‫אמר ֵא ֶל‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫וְ ִל ְב ֔ ֵנ� ַתּ ֲﬠ ִ ֖שׂי ָבּ ַא ֲחר ָֹנֽה׃ ס‬ 17:13

‫ָב ִראשׁ ֹנָ ה‬

Twenty-two times

‫̇כ ̇ב‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 7:10.

Mp

1 KINGS 17:13 Four times

�‫וְ ָל‬ ‫̇ד‬

333

Mp

1–5 Judg 14:16; 1 Kgs 17:13; Isa 45:14; 62:12; Dan 4:22

Com.: The Mp heading here of four times is incorrect since there are five occurrences of this lemma. The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a šəwâ under the ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from the four occurrences with a qameṣ (�‫ ;)וָ ָל‬see v. 18 directly below. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 17:14 ‫הו֛ה ֶגּ ֶ֖שׁם‬ ָ ְ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ַ ֤כּד ַה ֶ ֨קּ ַמ ֙ח ֣ל ֹא ִת ְכ ֔ ָלה וְ ַצ ַ ֥פּ ַחת ַה ֶ ֖שּׁ ֶמן ֣ל ֹא ֶת ְח ָ ֑סר ַ֠ﬠד י֧ וֹם ֵתּתן־י‬ ֣ ֵ ‫הוה ֱא‬ ָ֜ ְ‫ִ ֣כּי כ ֹ֩ה ָא ַ֨מר י‬ ‫ל־פּ ֵנ֥י ָה ֲא ָד ָ ֽמה׃‬ ְ ‫ַﬠ‬ 17:14 Five times

‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ִכּי כֹה ָא ַמר יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬ ‫̇ה‬

Com.: See Josh 7:13.

Mp

In ML only two circelli have been placed on the first five words. However, with four- five- or six-word phrases it is not unusual for only two circelli to be given; see also at Josh 1:6 and passim. 17:14

Three times

‫ִת ְכ ָלה‬ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 17:14; Ps 40:12; 119:96

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, and the headings to the Mp and Mm of Ps 119:96 add the details that this lemma is written twice with a ‫( ה‬here and Ps 119:96), and once written with an ‫( א‬Ps 40:12). 17:14

Three times

‫ֶת ְח ָסר‬ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

Deut 8:9 (‫;)ת ְח ַסר‬ ֶ 1 Kgs 17:14; Prov 13:25

334

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, twice written with a qameṣ (here and Prov 13:25), and once written with a paṯaḥ (Deut 8:9). 17:14

Read ‫ֵתּת‬

‫ֵתּתן‬

Mp

‫תת ̇ק‬

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫תתן‬, giving, infin?), and the qərê (‫תּת‬,ֵ giving, infin. cstr.) represent kəṯîḇ/qərê variable forms in the same conjugation; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 133.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that are written with a ‫ נ‬that is not read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §159, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §145.

1 KINGS 17:15 ‫יתהּ יָ ִ ֽמים׃‬ ֖ ָ ‫וּב‬ ֵ ‫אכל ִ ֽהוא־וָ ֛היּא‬ ַ ֹ ‫וַ ֵ ֥תּ ֶל� וַ ַתּ ֲﬠ ֶ ֖שׂה ִכּ ְד ַ ֣בר ֵא ִליָּ ֑הוּ וַ ֧תּ‬ 17:15

‫וַ ַתּ ֲﬠ ֶשׂה‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 14:9. 17:15

Read ‫ִהיא‬

‫ִהוא‬ ‫היא ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of cases when ‫ ִהיא‬is written with ‫ ו‬but read as a ‫ ;י‬see the Mm at Qoh 5:8, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §133. 17:15

Read ‫וָ הוּא‬

‫וָ היּא‬ ‫והוא ̇ק‬

—————————— ‫ וָ הוּא‬twice

Gen 41:11 1 Kgs 17:15

‫והוא ̇ב‬

Mp

Mm

‫ונחלמה חלום‬ ‫ותאכל )הוא( ]היא[ והוא‬

1 KINGS

335

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of cases when ‫ הוּא‬is written with ‫י‬, but read as a ‫ ;ו‬see Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §132.

In the Mm, the Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (200+) with a šəwâ under the ‫)וְ הוּא( ו‬. This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 197v, but the Mm note appears on the top of the following folio 198r.

1 KINGS 17:16 ‫הוה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ִדּ ֶ ֖בּר ְבּ ַי֥ד ֵא ִליָּ ֽהוּ׃ פ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ַ ֤כּד ַה ֶ ֨קּ ַמ ֙ח ֣ל ֹא ָכ ֔ ָל ָתה וְ ַצ ַ ֥פּ ַחת ַה ֶ ֖שּׁ ֶמן ֣ל ֹא ָח ֵ ֑סר ִכּ ְד ַ ֣בר י‬ 17:16

‫ָח ֵסר‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 11:22.

1 KINGS 17:17 ‫ה־בּוֹ‬ ֖ ‫וֹת ָר‬ ְ ֽ‫אד ַ ֛ﬠד ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר לֹא־נ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫ן־ה ִא ָ ֖שּׁה ַבּ ֲﬠ ַל֣ת ַה ָ ֑בּיִ ת וַ יְ ִ ֤הי ָח ְל ֙יוֹ ָח ָז֣ק ְמ‬ ָ ‫וַ יְ ִ֗הי ַא ַח ֙ר ַה ְדּ ָב ִ ֣רים ָה ֵ֔א ֶלּה ָח ֕ ָלה ֶבּ‬ ‫נְ ָשׁ ָ ֽמה׃‬ 17:17

‫א־נוֹת ָרה‬ ְ ֹ‫ל‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the fem., to distinguish it from its three occurrences in the masc. (‫נוֹתר‬ ַ ‫)לֹא‬.

1 KINGS 17:18 ‫ת־בּ ִ ֽני׃‬ ְ ‫וּל ָה ִ ֥מית ֶא‬ ְ ‫ת־ﬠ ִוֹנ֖י‬ ֲ ‫את ֵא ַל֛י ְל ַהזְ ִ ֥כּיר ֶא‬ ָ ‫�הים ָ ֧בּ‬ ֑ ִ ‫ה־לּי וָ ָ ֖ל� ִ ֣אישׁ ָה ֱא‬ ֥ ִ ‫ל־א ִל ָ֔יּהוּ ַמ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫אמ ֙ר ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨תּ‬ 17:18 Four times

�‫ִלי וָ ָל‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See Judg 11:12.

336

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

17:18

�‫וָ ָל‬

�‫ וָ ָל‬four times Judg 11:12 1 Kgs 17:18 2 Kgs 3:13 2 Chr 35:21

Mm

‫ולך ̇ד‬ ‫יפתח‬ ‫להזכיר‬ ‫נביאי‬ ‫יהודה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its five occurrences with a šəwâ (�‫)וְ ָל‬. 17:18

‫וּל ָה ִמית‬ ְ

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (17x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 17:20 ‫ת־בּ ָנֽהּ׃‬ ְ ‫וֹת ְל ָה ִ ֥מית ֶא‬ ָ ‫גּוֹרר ִﬠ ָ ֛מּהּ ֲה ֵר ֖ﬠ‬ ֥ ֵ ‫ר־א ֨ ִני ִמ ְת‬ ֲ ‫ל־ה ַא ְל ָמ ֞ ָנה ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ָ ‫�הי ֠ ֲהגַ ם ַﬠ‬ ָ֔ ‫הו֣ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫אמר י‬ ֑ ַ ֹ ‫הו֖ה וַ יּ‬ ָ ְ‫וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֥רא ֶאל־י‬ 17:20

‫�הי‬ ָ ‫ֱא‬

‫�הי‬ ָ ‫ ֱא‬eight times with qameṣ 1–5 Num 22:18 Deut 18:16 Deut 26:14 1 Kgs 3:7 1 Kgs 17:21 6–8 1 Kgs 17:20 Ps 35:24 2 Chr 2:3

‫קמצ‬ ̇ ‫אלהי ̇ח‬

‫לעבר‬ ‫לשמע‬ ‫למת‬ ‫המלכת‬ [‫)ויתמודד( ]ויתמדד‬ [‫)הרעת( ]הרעות‬ ‫שפטני‬ ‫בונה‬

And similarly with every ʾaṯnaḥ and sôṕ pasûq except for two Ps 86:2 Ps 84:11

Mm

‫שמרה‬ ‫בחצריך‬

‫דכות ̇ב מ̇ ̇ב‬ ̇ ‫אתנח וסופ פסוק‬ ̇ ‫וכל‬

1 KINGS

337

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (61x) with a paṯaḥ (‫�הי‬ ַ ‫)א‬. ֱ

The Masorah also notes that this lemma with a qameṣ regularly occurs with the accents ʾaṯnaḥ and sôṕ pasûq with two exceptions at Ps 86:2 and 84:11, where the form occurs as ‫�הי‬ ֑ ַ ‫א‬. ֱ

Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.) suggest, on the basis of the form ‫ ֱא ֫� ָ ֥הי‬at Ps 71:22, that the accent ʿolê wəyôreḏ should also be included in the list of accents that take a qameṣ. 17:20

‫גּוֹרר‬ ֵ ‫ִמ ְת‬

Twice and plene

Mp

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 17:20; Jer 30:23

—————————— ‫גּוֹרר‬ ֵ ‫ ִמ ְת‬twice and plene

1 Kgs 17:20 Jer 30:23

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫מתגורר ̇ב‬

Mm

‫הגם על האלמנה‬ ‫הנה סערת יהוה חמה יצאה‬

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written plene ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫ו‬. 17:20

‫עוֹת‬ ָ ‫ֲה ֵר‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Exod 5:22 (‫;)ה ֵרע ָֹתה‬ ֲ Num 11:11 (‫;)ה ֵרע ָֹת‬ ֲ 1 Kgs 17:20 —————————— ‫עוֹת‬ ָ ‫ ֲה ֵר‬three times Exod 5:22 Num 11:11 1 Kgs 17:20

‫הרעות ̇ג‬

Mm

‫למה )הרועת( ]הרעתה[ לעם הזה‬ ‫למה הרעת לעבדך‬ ‫הגם על האלמנה אשר אני מתגורר‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, written defective and plene ‫ו‬, and once written plene second ‫( ה‬Exod 5:22).

338

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 17:21

‫ל־ק ְר ֽבּוֹ׃‬ ִ ‫שׁ־היֶּ ֶ֥לד ַה ֶזּ֖ה ַﬠ‬ ַ ‫�הי ָ ֥תּ ָשׁב ָנ֛א ֶנ ֶֽפ‬ ָ֔ ‫הו֣ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫אמר י‬ ֑ ַ ֹ ‫הו֖ה וַ יּ‬ ָ ְ‫ל־ה ֶ֨יּ ֶל ֙ד ָשׁ�֣ שׁ ְפּ ָﬠ ִ֔מים וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֥רא ֶאל־י‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ְתמ ֵ ֹ֤דד ַﬠ‬ 17:21

‫ ַﬠל‬1

Seven verses that have the sequence ‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ֶאל‬...‫ַﬠל‬

‫ז̇ פסוק̇ )אל על( ]על אל[ על‬

1–5 Judg 16:3; 1 Kgs 17:21; 2 Kgs 22:20; Jer 22:8; 29:31 6–7 Jer 48:36; 2 Chr 32:6

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven verses in which the sequence ‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ֶאל‬...‫ ַﬠל‬occurs; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §352, Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §158D, and Jobin, Concordance, 163.

17:21

Unique

‫שׁ־היֶּ ֶלד ַהזֶּ ה‬ ַ ‫נֶ ֶפ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫שׁ־היֶּ ֶלד‬ ַ ‫ נֶ ֶפ‬with ‫הזֶּ ה‬,ַ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence without it in the very next verse.

In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫שׁ־היֶּ ֶלד‬ ַ ‫ נֶ ֶפ‬but, since this phrase occurs twice (here and v. 22), it is most likely that the note should include the following word ‫ ַהזֶּ ה‬since the longer phrase ‫שׁ־היֶּ ֶלד ַהזֶּ ה‬ ַ ‫ נֶ ֶפ‬only occurs this once.

1 KINGS 17:23 ‫אמ ֙ר ֵ ֣א ִל ָ֔יּהוּ ְר ִ ֖אי ַ ֥חי ְבּ ֵנֽ �׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ן־ה ֲﬠ ִליָּ ֙ה ַה ַ֔בּיְ ָתה ַ ֽו יִּ ְתּ ֵנ֖הוּ ְל ִא ֑מּוֹ וַ ֨יּ‬ ָ ‫ת־ה ֶ֗יּ ֶלד וַ יּ ִֹר ֵ ֤דהוּ ִמ‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ַ ֨קּח ֵא ִל ָ֜יּהוּ ֶא‬ 17:23

‫וַ יּ ִֹר ֵדהוּ‬

Twice and defective

Com.: See 1 Sam 30:16. 17:23

‫ַה ָבּיְ ָתה‬

Nineteen times

‫י̇ ̇ט‬

Com.: See Josh 2:18.

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

1 KINGS 17:23

‫ ֵ ֣א ִל ָ֔יּהוּ‬2

Twice with the accents (mûnaḥ and zaqeṕ)

‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

339

Mp

1 Kgs 17:23; 2 Kgs 2:11

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this name with the accents mûnaḥ and zaqeṕ without a preceding maqqeṕ, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) with these accents with a preceding maqqeṕ.

1 KINGS 17:24 ‫הו֥ה ְבּ ִ ֖פי� ֱא ֶ ֽמת׃ פ‬ ָ ְ‫�הים ָ ֑א ָתּה ְוּד ַבר־י‬ ֖ ִ ‫ל־א ִל ָ֔יּהוּ ַﬠ ָתּ ֙ה ֶז֣ה יָ ַ ֔ד ְﬠ ִתּי ִ ֛כּי ִ ֥אישׁ ֱא‬ ֣ ֵ ‫אמר ָ ֽה ִא ָשּׁ ֙ה ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤תּ‬ 17:24

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ִאישׁ ֱא‬

Six times

Mp

̇‫ו‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 9:6. 17:24

‫ְוּד ַבר‬

Eighteen times

‫י̇ ̇ח‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 19:12.

Mp

1 KINGS 18:1 ‫ל־א ְח ָ֔אב וְ ֶא ְתּ ָנ֥ה ָמ ָ ֖טר‬ ַ ‫מר ֵ ֚ל� ֵה ָר ֵ ֣אה ֶא‬ ֹ ֑ ‫ישׁית ֵלא‬ ֖ ִ ‫ל־א ִל ָ֔יּהוּ ַבּ ָשּׁ ָנ֥ה ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ֣ ֵ ‫הוה ָהיָ ֙ה ֶא‬ ָ֗ ְ‫הי יָ ִ ֣מים ַר ִ֔בּים ְוּד ַבר־י‬ ֙ ִ ְ‫וַ י‬ ‫ל־פּ ֵנ֥י ָה ֲא ָד ָ ֽמה׃‬ ְ ‫ַﬠ‬ 18:1

‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬

Nine times plene

Com.: See 1 Kgs 6:6. 18:1

‫ֵה ָר ֵאה‬

Twice with ṣerê

‫ֵ֗ב‬

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice with ṣerê is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma. MC and MA correctly read here unique.

1 KINGS 17:23

‫ ֵ ֣א ִל ָ֔יּהוּ‬2

Twice with the accents (mûnaḥ and zaqeṕ)

‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

339

Mp

1 Kgs 17:23; 2 Kgs 2:11

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this name with the accents mûnaḥ and zaqeṕ without a preceding maqqeṕ, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) with these accents with a preceding maqqeṕ.

1 KINGS 17:24 ‫הו֥ה ְבּ ִ ֖פי� ֱא ֶ ֽמת׃ פ‬ ָ ְ‫�הים ָ ֑א ָתּה ְוּד ַבר־י‬ ֖ ִ ‫ל־א ִל ָ֔יּהוּ ַﬠ ָתּ ֙ה ֶז֣ה יָ ַ ֔ד ְﬠ ִתּי ִ ֛כּי ִ ֥אישׁ ֱא‬ ֣ ֵ ‫אמר ָ ֽה ִא ָשּׁ ֙ה ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤תּ‬ 17:24

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ִאישׁ ֱא‬

Six times

Mp

̇‫ו‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 9:6. 17:24

‫ְוּד ַבר‬

Eighteen times

‫י̇ ̇ח‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 19:12.

Mp

1 KINGS 18:1 ‫ל־א ְח ָ֔אב וְ ֶא ְתּ ָנ֥ה ָמ ָ ֖טר‬ ַ ‫מר ֵ ֚ל� ֵה ָר ֵ ֣אה ֶא‬ ֹ ֑ ‫ישׁית ֵלא‬ ֖ ִ ‫ל־א ִל ָ֔יּהוּ ַבּ ָשּׁ ָנ֥ה ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬ ֣ ֵ ‫הוה ָהיָ ֙ה ֶא‬ ָ֗ ְ‫הי יָ ִ ֣מים ַר ִ֔בּים ְוּד ַבר־י‬ ֙ ִ ְ‫וַ י‬ ‫ל־פּ ֵנ֥י ָה ֲא ָד ָ ֽמה׃‬ ְ ‫ַﬠ‬ 18:1

‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬

Nine times plene

Com.: See 1 Kgs 6:6. 18:1

‫ֵה ָר ֵאה‬

Twice with ṣerê

‫ֵ֗ב‬

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice with ṣerê is incorrect since this is the only occurrence of this lemma. MC and MA correctly read here unique.

340

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 18:2 ‫ל־א ְח ָ ֑אב וְ ָה ָר ָ ֖ﬠב ָח ָז֥ק ְבּשׁ ְֹמ ֽרוֹן׃‬ ַ ‫וַ ֵ֨יּ ֶל ֙� ֵ ֽא ִל ָ֔יּהוּ ְל ֵה ָר ֖אוֹת ֶא‬

18:2

‫ְל ֵה ָראוֹת‬

Three times written like this

Mp

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

2 Sam 17:17; 1 Kgs 18:2; Ezek 21:29 —————————— ‫ ְל ֵה ָראוֹת‬three times

‫להראות ̇ג‬

2 Sam 17:17 ‫כי לא יוכלו‬ 1 Kgs 18:2 ‫אל אחאב‬ Ezek 21:29 ‫חטאותיכם‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written with a ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences written without this ‫)ל ָראוֹת( ה‬, ֵ and from its two occurrences written as ‫ ְל ֵה ָראֹה‬at Judg 13:21 and 1 Sam 3:21. The Mp and Mm headings of 2 Sam 17:17 read four times because they include this lemma without the ‫)ה ָראוֹת( ל‬ ֵ that occurs in Lev 13:14.

1 KINGS 18:4 ‫ישׁ ַבּ ְמּ ָﬠ ָ ֔רה וְ ִכ ְל ְכּ ָ ֖לם‬ ֙ ‫יאם ֲח ִמ ִ ֥שּׁים ִא‬ ֵ֞ ‫הו֑ה וַ יִּ ַ ֨קּח ע ַֹב ְד ָ֜יהוּ ֵמ ָ ֣אה נְ ִב ִ֗אים ַוֽ יַּ ְח ִבּ‬ ָ ְ‫יאי י‬ ֣ ֵ ‫הי ְבּ ַה ְכ ִ ֣רית ִא ֶ֔יז ֶבל ֵ ֖את נְ ִב‬ ֙ ִ ְ‫וַ י‬ ‫ֶ ֥ל ֶחם וָ ָ ֽמיִ ם׃‬ 18:4

‫ְבּ ַה ְכ ִרית‬

Twice, once plene and once defective Com.: See 1 Sam 20:15.

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫מל וחד‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

Mp

1 KINGS

341

1 KINGS 18:5 ‫אוּל֣י ׀ נִ ְמ ָצ֣א ָח ִ֗ציר וּנְ ַחיֶּ ֙ה ֣סוּס‬ ַ ‫ל־הנְּ ָח ִ ֑לים‬ ַ ‫ל־מ ְﬠיְ ֵנ֣י ַה ַ֔מּיִ ם וְ ֶ ֖אל ָכּ‬ ַ ‫ל־כּ‬ ָ ‫אמר ַא ְח ָא ֙ב ֶאל־ ֣ﬠֹ ַב ְד ָ֔יהוּ ֵל֤� ָבּ ָ֨א ֶר ֙ץ ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤יּ‬ ‫וָ ֔ ֶפ ֶרד וְ ל֥ וֹא נַ ְכ ִ ֖רית ֵמ ַה ְבּ ֵה ָ ֽמה׃‬ 18:5

‫ל־כּל‬ ָ ‫ֶא‬

Six times in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

See 1 Kgs 16:13. 18:5

‫וּנְ ַחיֶּ ה‬

Three times

Mp

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Gen 19:32; 19:34; 1 Kgs 18:5

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma in the piel, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (5x) in the qal (‫)וְ נִ ְחיֶ ה‬. 18:5

‫וְ לוֹא‬

Five times plene in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 18:5; 20:8; 22:18 (‫ ;)לוֹא‬2 Kgs 5:17 (‫ ;)לוֹא‬6:12 (‫)לוֹא‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma in the book written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its numerous occurrences (300+) in the book written defective ‫ו‬ (‫וְ לֹא‬/‫)לֹא‬.

The Mp headings at 1 Kgs 20:8 and 2 Kgs 6:12 read thirty-five times plene noting all the occurrences of this lemma, with and without a ‫ ו‬cj., written plene ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 18:7 ‫אמר ַה ַא ָ ֥תּה ֶז֖ה ֲאד ִ ֹ֥ני ֵא ִליָּ ֽהוּ׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ל־פּ ֔ ָניו וַ ֕יּ‬ ָ ‫הוּ וַ יִּ ֹ֣פּל ַﬠ‬ ֙ ‫אתוֹ וַ יַּ ִכּ ֵ ֨ר‬ ֑ ‫הוּ ַבּ ֶ ֔דּ ֶר� וְ ִה ֵנּ֥ה ֵא ִליָּ ֖הוּ ִל ְק ָר‬ ֙ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֤הי ע ַֹב ְד ָ֨י‬ 18:7 Unique

‫וַ יְ ִהי ע ַֹב ְדיָ הוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

342 18:7

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וְ ִהנֵּ ה ֵא ִליָּ הוּ‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its three occurrences without a cj., all of which are in this chapter in vv. 8, 11, and 14. 18:7

‫וַ יַּ ִכּ ֵרהוּ‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫י‬. 18:7

‫אַתּה זֶ ה‬ ָ ‫ַה‬

Four times

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 2:20.

1 KINGS 18:10 ‫א־שׁ ֨ ַלח ֲאד ִ ֹ֥ני ָשׁ ֙ם ְל ַב ֶקּ ְשׁ ֔� וְ ָא ְמ ֖רוּ ָ ֑איִ ן וְ ִה ְשׁ ִ ֤בּ ַי� ֶאת־‬ ָ ֹ ‫וּמ ְמ ָל ָכ ֙ה ֠ ֲא ֶשׁר ֽל‬ ַ ‫�הי� ִאם־יֶ שׁ־גּ֤ וֹי‬ ֶ֗ ‫הו֣ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫ַ ֣חי ׀ י‬ ‫ת־ה ֔גּוֹי ִ ֖כּי ֥ל ֹא יִ ְמ ָצ ֶ ֽא ָכּה׃‬ ַ ‫ַה ַמּ ְמ ָל ָכ ֙ה וְ ֶא‬ 18:10

�‫�הי‬ ֶ ‫ַחי ׀ יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

18:10

‫ת־הגּוֹי‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 17:12.

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its four occurrences without a cj.

1 KINGS 18:10

343

‫יִ ְמ ָצ ֶא ָכּה‬

Twenty words written with a ‫ ה‬at the end of a word 1–5

‫תיבות‬ ̇ ̇‫כת הי בסו‬ ̇ ‫̇כ מלין‬

Exod 7:29 (‫;)וּב ָכה‬ ְ 13:16 (‫ ;)יָ ְד ָכה‬15:11a (‫)כמ ָֹכה‬ ָ b Exod 15:11 (‫;)כּמ ָֹכה‬ ָ Num 22:33 (‫)א ְֹת ָכה‬ 6–10 1 Sam 1:26 (‫;)ﬠ ְמּ ָכה‬ ִ 2 Sam 22:30 (‫;)ב ָכה‬ ְ 1 Kgs 18:10 (‫)יִ ְמ ָצ ֶא ָכּה‬ 1 Kgs 18:44 (‫ ;)יַ ֲﬠ ָצ ְר ָכה‬2 Kgs 7:2 (‫)הנְּ ָכה‬ ִ 11–15 Jer 7:27 (‫נוּכה‬ ָ ‫ ;)יַ ֲﬠ‬29:25 (‫;)ב ִשׁ ְמ ָכה‬ ְ Ezek 40:4 (‫אוֹת ָכה‬ ְ ‫)ה ְר‬ ַ Prov 2:11 (‫;)תנְ ְצ ֶר ָכּה‬ ִ 24:10 (‫)כּ ֶֹח ָכה‬ 16–20 Ps 10:8 (‫;)ל ֵח ְל ָכה‬ ְ 10:14 (‫ ;) ֵח ֶל ָכה‬139:5 (‫;)כּ ֶפּ ָכה‬ ַ 141:8 (‫;)בּ ָכה‬ ְ 145:10 (‫כוּכה‬ ָ ‫)יְ ָב ְר‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah here notes the twenty words that are written with a ‫ ה‬at the end of a word with a final ‫ ;ך‬see the Mm at Num 22:33 sub �‫א ְֹת‬, Frensdorff, Ochlah, §92, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §74.

All the other highlighted Mp headings above, apart from four, read either unique or unique (and) plene marking their special forms. The four headings that differ are: Exod 15:11a (‫)כמ ָֹכה‬ ָ

Twice plene. Counts both forms of ‫ ָכּמ ָֹכה‬within this verse.

Ezek 40:4 (‫אוֹת ָכה‬ ְ ‫)ה ְר‬ ַ

Twice. Counts this plene form and the form �‫ ַה ְרא ְֹת‬in Exod 9:16 written both defective ‫ ו‬and defective ‫ה‬.

2 Sam 22:30 (‫)ב ָכה‬ ְ

Ps 141:8 (‫)בּ ָכה‬ ְ

Twice written with ‫ה‬, and twice written with ‫א‬. The first part of this note counts both forms of ‫ ְבּ ָכה‬at 2 Sam 22:30 and at Ps 141:8. The second part of this note is incorrect since there are no forms of this lemma with an ‫א‬.

Three times plene. Counts the two forms of ‫ ְבּ ָכה‬at 2 Sam 22:30 and Ps 141:8, and the form with ‫ ו‬cj. at Exod 7:29 (‫)וּב ָכה‬. ְ

1 KINGS 18:12 ‫אתי ְל ַה ִ ֧גּיד ְל ַא ְח ָ ֛אב וְ ֥ל ֹא יִ ְֽמ ָצ ֲא�֖ וַ ֲה ָר ָג֑נִ י‬ ִ ‫וּב‬ ָ֨ ‫א־א ָ ֔דע‬ ֵ ֹ ‫שׁר ֽל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫הו֤ה ׀ יִ ָֽשּׂ ֲא ֙� ַ ֚ﬠל ֲא‬ ָ ְ‫וְ ָה ָ֞יה ֲא ִנ֣י ׀ ֵא ֵל֣� ֵמ ִא ָ֗תּ� וְ ֨ר ַוּ� י‬ ‫הו֖ה ִמנְּ ֻﬠ ָ ֽרי׃‬ ָ ְ‫וְ ַﬠ ְב ְדּ�֛ יָ ֵ ֥רא ֶאת־י‬ 18:12 Five times

�‫ֵמ ִא ָתּ‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 2:16.

344 18:12

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫רוּ� יְ הוָ ה‬ ַ ְ‫ו‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Judg 6:34; 1 Sam 16:14; 1 Kgs 18:12 —————————— ‫רוּ� יְ הוָ ה‬ ַ ְ‫ ו‬three times

‫ורוח יהוה ̇ג‬

Judg 6:34 ‫לבשה את גדעון‬ 1 Sam 16:14 ‫סרה מעם‬ 1 Kgs 18:12 ‫ורוח יהוה ישאך על‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (23x) without a cj. 18:12

‫ֵא ָ ֔דע‬

Unique zaqeṕ qameṣ

Mp

‫קמצ‬ ̇ ‫̇ל זקף‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma having a qameṣ with a zaqeṕ, to distinguish it from its three occurrences having a paṯaḥ with a zaqeṕ.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words occurring only once with a qameṣ and zaqeṕ; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §21, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §22.

18:12

‫וַ ֲה ָרגָ נִ י‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 16:2. 18:12

Unique 18:12

‫וְ ַﬠ ְב ְדּ� יָ ֵרא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫ִמנְּ ֻﬠ ָרי‬

Three times defective

Com.: See 1 Sam 12:2.

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 KINGS

345

1 KINGS 18:13 ‫הוה ֵ ֣מ ָאה ִ֗אישׁ ֲח ִמ ִ֨שּׁים‬ ָ֜ ְ‫יאי י‬ ֵ֨ ‫הו֑ה וָ ַא ְח ִבּ ֩א ִמנְּ ִב‬ ָ ְ‫יאי י‬ ֣ ֵ ‫יתי ַבּ ֲה ֣ר ֹג ִא ֶ֔יז ֶבל ֵ ֖את נְ ִב‬ ִ ‫ר־ﬠ ִ֔שׂ‬ ָ ‫א־ה ַגּ֤ד ַ ֽלאד ֹנִ ֙י ֵ ֣את ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֻ ֹ ‫ֲה ֽל‬ ‫ישׁ ַבּ ְמּ ָﬠ ָ ֔רה וָ ֲא ַכ ְל ְכּ ֵל֖ם ֶ ֥ל ֶחם וָ ָ ֽמיִ ם׃‬ ֙ ‫ֲח ִמ ִ ֥שּׁים ִא‬ 18:13

‫אַח ִבּא‬ ְ ָ‫ו‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫י‬. 18:13

Unique

‫ֲח ִמ ִשּׁים ֲח ִמ ִשּׁים‬ Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words occurring together only once; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §72.

1 KINGS 18:14 ‫מר ַ ֽלאד ֶֹנ֖י� ִה ֵנּ֣ה ֵא ִליָּ ֑הוּ וַ ֲה ָר ָ ֽגנִ י׃ ס‬ ֹ ֥ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָתּ ֙ה ַא ָ ֣תּה א ֵֹ֔מר ֵל֛� ֱא‬ 18:14 Three times

‫וַ ֲה ָרגָ נִ י‬ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 16:2.

1 KINGS 18:15 ‫הו֣ה ְצ ָב ֔אוֹת ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ַ ֖מ ְד ִתּי ְל ָפ ָנ֑יו ִ ֥כּי ַהיּ֖ וֹם ֵא ָר ֶ ֥אה ֵא ָ ֽליו׃‬ ָ ְ‫אמ ֙ר ֵ ֽא ִל ָ֔יּהוּ ַ ֚חי י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ 18:15

‫ַחי יְ הוָ ה ְצ ָבאוֹת‬

Twice in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 18:15; 2 Kgs 3:14

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of the addition of ‫ ְצ ָבאוֹת‬to the oath formula ‫חי־יְ הוָ ה‬,ַ which by itself occurs forty-one times. In ML only one circellus has been placed on the first two words, however in MA there are two circelli for all three words.

346

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 18:17 ‫אמר ַא ְח ָא ֙ב ֵא ֔ ָליו ַה ַא ָ ֥תּה ֶז֖ה ע ֵ ֹ֥כר יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ת־א ִליָּ ֑הוּ וַ ֤יּ‬ ֵ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֛הי ִכּ ְר ֥אוֹת ַא ְח ָ ֖אב ֶא‬

18:17

‫וַ יְ ִ ֪הי‬

Twenty times with the accent (təḇîr) Com.: See Josh 5:8. 18:17

‫אַתּה זֶ ה‬ ָ ‫ַה‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

‫̇כ בט ̇ע‬

Mp

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 2:20.

1 KINGS 18:18 ‫הוה וַ ֵ ֖תּ ֶל� ַא ֲח ֵ ֥רי ַה ְבּ ָﬠ ִ ֽלים׃‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ת־מ ְצוֹ֣ ת י‬ ִ ‫ם־א ָ ֖תּה ֵוּב֣ית ָא ִ ֑בי� ַ ֽבּ ֲﬠזָ ְב ֶכ ֙ם ֶא‬ ַ ‫תּי ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ִ ֥כּי ִא‬ ֙ ִ ‫אמר ֤ל ֹא ָﬠ ַ֨כ ְר‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֗יּ‬ 18:18 Unique 18:18

Unique

‫ָﬠ ַכ ְר ִתּי‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫ם־אַתּה‬ ָ ‫ִכּי ִא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 18:19 ‫יאי‬ ֤ ֵ ‫יאי ַה ַ֜בּ ַﬠל ַא ְר ַ ֧בּע ֵמ ֣אוֹת וַ ֲח ִמ ִ֗שּׁים וּנְ ִב‬ ֵ֨ ‫ל־הר ַה ַכּ ְר ֶ ֑מל וְ ֶאת־נְ ִב‬ ֣ ַ ‫ת־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ֶא‬ ָ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָ֗תּה ְשׁ ֨ ַלח ְק ֥בֹץ ֵא ַל֛י ֶא‬ ‫ָ ֽה ֲא ֵשׁ ָר ֙ה ַא ְר ַבּ֣ע ֵמ ֔אוֹת א ְֹכ ֵל֖י ֻשׁ ְל ַ ֥חן ִא ָיז ֶֽבל׃‬ 18:19 Unique

‫יאי‬ ֵ ‫וְ ֶאת־נְ ִב‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its three occurrences without a cj., all of which are in this chapter in vv. 4, 13, and 40.

1 KINGS

347

1 KINGS 18:21 ‫ים ְל ֣כוּ ַא ֲח ָ ֔ריו‬ ֙ ‫�ה‬ ִ ‫הו֤ה ָ ֽה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫ם ִאם־י‬ ֒ ‫ל־שׁ ֵ ֣תּי ַה ְסּ ִﬠ ִפּי‬ ְ ‫ים ַﬠ‬ ֮ ‫ד־מ ַ֞תי ַא ֶ ֣תּם פּ ְֹס ִח‬ ָ ‫אמ ֙ר ַﬠ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ל־ה ֗ ָﬠם וַ ֨יּ‬ ָ ‫ל־כּ‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ֨ ַגּשׁ ֵא ִל ָ֜יּהוּ ֶא‬ ‫א־ﬠנ֥ וּ ָה ָ ֛ﬠם א ֹ֖תוֹ ָדּ ָ ֽבר׃‬ ָ ֹ ‫ם־ה ַ ֖בּ ַﬠל ְל ֣כוּ ַא ֲח ָ ֑ריו וְ ֽל‬ ַ ‫וְ ִא‬ 18:21

‫ל־כּל ָה ָﬠם‬ ָ ‫ֶא‬

Twice in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 18:21; 2 Kgs 10:9

Mp

In ML the circellus has been placed only on ‫ ֶאל ָכּל‬but, since this phrase occurs six times in the book, the note most probably belongs with the wider phrase ‫ ֶאל ָכּל ָה ָﬠם‬which, in accord with the note, only occurs twice in the book (here and at 2 Kgs 10:9). 18:21

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫יְ הוָ ה ָה ֱא‬

Ten times

̇‫י‬

Mp

Com.: See Josh 22:34.

1 KINGS 18:22 ‫ע־מ ֥אוֹת וַ ֲח ִמ ִ ֖שּׁים ִ ֽאישׁ׃‬ ֵ ‫יאי ַה ַ֔בּ ַﬠל ַא ְר ַבּ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫יהו֖ה ְל ַב ִ ֑דּי וּנְ ִב‬ ָ ‫נוֹת ְר ִתּי נָ ִ ֛ביא ַל‬ ֧ ַ ‫ל־ה ֔ ָﬠם ֲא ֞ ִני‬ ָ ‫הוּ ֶא‬ ֙ ‫אמר ֵא ִל ָ֨יּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤יּ‬ 18:22 Unique

‫נוֹת ְר ִתּי‬ ַ ‫ֲאנִ י‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with a cj. (‫נוֹת ְר ִתּי‬ ַ ‫ )וַ ֲאנִ י‬at Dan 10:13.

In ML the circellus has been placed only on ‫נוֹת ְר ִתּי‬ ַ but, since this word occurs twice, it is most likely, as both MC and MA take it, that the note should include the previous word ‫ ֲאנִ י‬since the phrase ‫נוֹת ְר ִתּי‬ ַ ‫ ֲאנִ י‬only occurs this once.

348

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 18:23

‫שׂה ׀‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ֵﬠ ִ֔צים וְ ֵ ֖אשׁ ֣ל ֹא יָ ִ ֑שׂימוּ וַ ֲא ֞ ִני ֶא ֱﬠ‬ ֣ ָ ‫ימוּ ַﬠ‬ ֙ ‫נוּ־לנוּ ְשׁ ַנ֣ יִ ם ָפּ ִ ֗רים וְ יִ ְב ֲח ֣רוּ ָל ֶה ֩ם ַה ֨ ָפּר ָה ֶא ָ֜חד ִ ֽוינַ ְתּ ֻ֗חהוּ וְ יָ ִ֨שׂ‬ ָ ֜ ‫וְ יִ ְתּ‬ ‫ל־ה ֵﬠ ִ֔צים וְ ֵ ֖אשׁ ֥ל ֹא ָא ִ ֽשׂים׃‬ ֣ ָ ‫ת־ה ָפּ֣ר ָה ֶא ָ֗חד וְ ָנ ַֽת ִתּ֙י ַﬠ‬ ַ ‫ֶא‬ 18:23

‫וְ יִ ְתּנוּ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 18:23; 2 Kgs 22:5; Dan 1:12 —————————— ‫ וְ יִ ְתּנוּ‬three times

‫ויתנו ̇ג‬

1 Kgs 18:23 ‫ ַה ֻמּ ְפ ָק ִדים‬of Kings (2 Kgs 22:5) Dan 1:12

Mm ‫ויתנו לנו שנים פרים‬ ‫המפקדים דמלכים‬ ‫)גם( ]נס נא[ את עבדיך ימים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a šəwâ under the ‫ ו( ו‬cj.), to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (55x) with a pataḥ (‫וַ יִּ ְתּנוּ‬, ‫ ו‬consec.); see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §5K.

This distinction is implied in the Mm in the additional notation of Kings to the 2 Kgs 22:5 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Chr 34:10, where the lemma occurs as ‫וַ יִּ ְתּנוּ‬.

The Mp heading to Dan 1:12 also notes this distinction in its note of three times raṕê, that is, three times with ‫ ו‬cj., as opposed to being with ‫ ו‬consec. and having a daḡeš (‫)וַ יִּ ְתּנוּ‬. 18:23

Unique 18:23

Three times

‫וְ יִ ְב ֲחרוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫ ַה ָפּר ָה ֶא ָחד‬1 ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 18:23a; 18:23b; 18:25 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ ַה ָפּר ָה ֶא ָחד‬three times

‫הפר האחד ̇ג‬

1 Kgs 18:23a Twice in the verse (1 Kgs 18:23b) 1 Kgs 18:25

349

Mm

‫ויבחרו להם הפר האחד‬ ‫שנים בפסוקה‬ ‫בחרו לכם הפר‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with def. articles, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (14x) without def. articles (‫)א ָחד ַפּר‬. ֶ 18:23

Unique 18:23

‫וִ ינַ ְתּ ֻחהוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬ ‫וְ יָ ִשׂימוּ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp Mp

1 Kgs 18:23; Isa 41:20; Ps 78:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a šəwâ under the ‫( ו‬jussive), to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (31x) with a paṯaḥ (‫וַ יָּ ִשׂימוּ‬, a ‫ ו‬consec.). This distinction is implied in the heading to the Mm at Ps 78:7, which reads three times raṕê, that is, without a daḡeš.

1 KINGS 18:24 ‫�הים וַ יַּ ַ֧ﬠן ָכּל־‬ ֑ ִ ‫�הים ֲא ֶשׁר־יַ ֲﬠ ֶנ֥ה ָב ֵ ֖אשׁ ֣הוּא ָה ֱא‬ ֛ ִ ‫הוה וְ ָה ָי֧ה ָה ֱא‬ ָ֔ ְ‫יכם ַו ֲֽאנִ ֙י ֶא ְק ָ ֣רא ְב ֵשׁם־י‬ ֶ֗ ‫שׁם ֱא ֽ� ֵה‬ ֣ ֵ ‫אתם ְבּ‬ ֶ֞ ‫וּק ָר‬ ְ ‫אמ ֖רוּ ֥טוֹב ַה ָדּ ָ ֽבר׃‬ ְ ֹ ‫ָה ָ ֛ﬠם וַ יּ‬ 18:24 Unique

‫יכם‬ ֶ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫אתם ְבּ ֵשׁם ֱא‬ ֶ ‫וּק ָר‬ ְ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫יכם‬ ֶ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫ ְבּ ֵשׁם ֱא‬with ‫אתם‬ ֶ ‫וּק ָר‬, ְ to distinguish it from its occurrence with ‫יכם( וְ ִק ְראוּ‬ ֶ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫ )וְ ִק ְראוּ ְבּ ֵשׁם ֱא‬in the next verse.

In ML only one circellus has been placed on ‫יכם‬ ֶ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫ ְבּ ֵשׁם ֱא‬but, since this phrase occurs twice, it is most likely that the note should include the preceding word ‫אתם‬ ֶ ‫וּק ָר‬ ְ since the wider phrase ‫יכם‬ ֶ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫אתם ְבּ ֵשׁם ֱא‬ ֶ ‫וּק ָר‬ ְ occurs just this once.

350 18:24

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫וְ ָהיָ ה ָה ֱא‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of two-word phrases that occur once with the def. article within the phrase (here), and once without this def. article (Gen 48:21); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §3, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §3. 18:24

‫ל־ה ָﬠם‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ַﬠן ָכּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Exod 24:3; 1 Kgs 18:24

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of ‫ל־ה ָﬠם‬ ָ ‫ ָכּ‬with the sg. verb ‫וַ יַּ ַﬠן‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences with the pl. verb ‫ל־ה ָﬠם( וַ יַּ ֲﬠנוּ‬ ָ ‫ )וַ יַּ ֲﬠנוּ ָכּ‬at Exod 19:8 and Neh 8:6.

1 KINGS 18:25 ‫יכם‬ ֶ֔ ‫�ה‬ ֵ ‫שׁם ֱא‬ ֣ ֵ ‫אוּ ְבּ‬ ֙ ‫יאי ַה ַ֗בּ ַﬠל ַבּ ֲח ֨רוּ ָל ֶ֜כם ַה ָ ֤פּר ָ ֽה ֶא ָח ֙ד וַ ֲﬠ ֣שׂוּ ִראשׁ ֔ ָֹנה ִ ֥כּי ַא ֶ ֖תּם ָה ַר ִ ֑בּים וְ ִק ְר‬ ֣ ֵ ‫אמר ֵא ִל ָ֜יּהוּ ִלנְ ִב‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫וְ ֵ ֖אשׁ ֥ל ֹא ָת ִ ֽשׂימוּ׃‬ 18:25 Three times

‫ַה ָפּר ָה ֶא ָחד‬ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

See directly above at 1 Kgs 18:23.

1 KINGS 18:26 ‫ד־ה ָצּ ֳה ַ ֤ריִ ם ֵלאמ ֹ֙ר ַה ַ ֣בּ ַﬠל ֲﬠ ֔ ֵננוּ וְ ֵ ֥אין‬ ַ ‫בּ ֶקר וְ ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֨ ‫ם־ה ַבּ ַﬠל ֵמ ַה‬ ַ ֠ ‫ת־ה ֨ ָפּר ֲא ֶשׁר־נָ ַ ֣תן ָל ֶה ֮ם ַוֽ יַּ ֲﬠשׂ ֒וּ וַ יִּ ְק ְר ֣אוּ ְב ֵשׁ‬ ַ ‫ַו֠יִּ ְקחוּ ֶא‬ ‫ל־ה ִמּזְ ֵ ֖בּ ַ� ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֽשׂה׃‬ ַ ‫֖קוֹל וְ ֵ ֣אין ע ֶֹנ֑ה ַוֽ יְ ַפ ְסּ ֔חוּ ַﬠ‬ 18:26 Three times

‫ֵמ ַהבּ ֶֹקר‬ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

2 Sam 2:27; 24:15; 1 Kgs 18:26 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ ֵמ ַהבּ ֶֹקר‬three times

‫מהבקר ̇ג‬

2 Sam 24:15 ‫ועד עת‬ 1 Kgs 18:26 ‫הצהרים‬ 2 Sam 2:27 ‫נעלה‬

351

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the inseparable prep. ‫מ‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with the separable prep. ‫)הבּ ֶֹקר ִמן( ִמן‬ ַ at Exod 18:13. 18:26

Four times

‫ַה ָצּ ֳה ַריִ ם‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

2 Sam 4:5; 1 Kgs 18:26; 18:29; 2 Kgs 4:20

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with the def. article, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (14x) with the def. prepositions ‫ ַבּ‬or ‫ַכּ‬ (‫ ַכּ ָצּ ֳה ַריִ ם‬/‫) ַבּ ָצּ ֳה ַריִ ם‬. 18:26

‫וְ ֵאין‬1

Thirteen verses with the sequence ‫וְ ֵאין‬...‫וְ ֵאין‬

‫י̇ ̇ג פסוק ואין ואין‬

1–5 Deut 32:39; 1 Sam 22:8; 1 Kgs 18:26; 2 Kgs 4:31; Isa 2:7 6–10 Isa 22:22; 42:22; 41:28; 63:5; Jer 14:19; 11–13 Ezek 34:6; Hab 3:17; Qoh 4:1

Mp

——————————

Thirteen verses with the sequence ‫וְ ֵאין‬...‫וְ ֵאין‬ 1–5

Deut 32:39 1 Sam 22:8 2 Kgs 4:31 1 Kgs 18:26 Isa 2:7 6–10 Isa 22:22 Isa 42:22 Isa 41:28 Isa 63:5 Jer 14:19 11–13 Ezek 34:6 Hab 3:17 Qoh 4:1

‫ראו עתה כי אני‬ ‫כי קשרתם כלכם‬ ‫וגחזי עבר לפניהם‬ ‫ויקחו את הפר אשר‬ ‫ותמלא ארצו כסף‬ ‫ונתתי מפתח בית דוד‬ ‫והוא עם בזוז ושסוי‬ ‫וארא ואין איש‬ ‫ואביט ואין עזר‬ ‫המאס מאסת את‬ ‫ישגו צאני‬ ‫כי תאנה לא תפרח‬ ‫ושבתי אני ואראה‬

‫י̇ ̇ג פסוקין אית בהון ואין ואין‬

Mm

352

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the thirteen verses that have the sequence ‫וְ ֵאין‬...‫ ;וְ ֵאין‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §328, and Jobin, Concordance, 2.

The Mp heading at 2 Kgs 4:31 incorrectly reads sixteen verses, but there are only thirteen occurrences of this lemma. In ML this lemma has no circellus. 18:26

‫וַ יְ ַפ ְסּחוּ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 18:27 ‫י־ד ֶ֣ר� ל֑ וֹ‬ ֶ ‫י־שׂיג ל֖ וֹ וְ ִ ֽכ‬ ֛ ִ ‫�הים ֔הוּא ִ ֣כּי ִ ֧שׂ ַי� וְ ִ ֽכ‬ ֣ ִ ‫י־א‬ ֱ ‫אמ ֙ר ִק ְר ֤אוּ ְבקוֹל־גָּ דוֹל֙ ִ ֽכּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יְ ִ֨הי ַ ֽב ָצּ ֳה ַ ֜ריִ ם וַ יְ ַה ֵ ֧תּל ָבּ ֶ ֣הם ֵא ִל ָ֗יּהוּ וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫אוּל֛י יָ ֵ ֥שׁן ֖הוּא וְ יִ ָ ֽ קץ׃‬ ַ 18:27

‫ַב ָצּ ֳה ַריִ ם‬

Eleven times

‫י̇ ̇א‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 43:16; 43:25; Deut 28:29; 1 Kgs 18:27; 20:16 6–10 Isa 59:10; Jer 6:4; 15:8; Amos 8:9; Zeph 2:4 11–12 Job 5:14; Cant 1:7

Com.: The Mp headings here and at 1 Kgs 20:16 of eleven times are incorrect since there are twelve occurrences of this lemma.

The Masorah notes the twelve occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish them from its two occurrences with the prep. ‫)כּ ָצּ ֳה ַריִ ם( כ‬ ַ at Isa 58:10 and Ps 37:6.

Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here. 18:27

Eight times

�‫ִשׂ ַי‬ ‫̇ח‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 2:5; 1 Kgs 18:27; Prov 23:29; Job 12:8; 30:4

Com.: The Mp heading here of eight times is incorrect since there are only five occurrences of this lemma. The error is most probably a graphic error, writing ‫ ח‬eight for ‫ ה‬five. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 18:27

‫ִשׂיג‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

18:27

Mp

�‫י־ד ֶר‬ ֶ ‫וְ ִכ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

18:27

‫וְ יִ ָקץ‬

353

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without a cj. at Gen 31:35 and Isa 15:5. Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and is written defective second ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene second ‫י‬.

1 KINGS 18:28 ‫יהם׃‬ ֽ ֶ ‫�־דּם ֲﬠ ֵל‬ ֖ ָ ‫ד־שׁ ָפ‬ ְ ‫וּב ְר ָמ ִ ֑חים ַﬠ‬ ֽ ָ ‫דוּ ְכּ ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ָ֔טם ַבּ ֲח ָר ֖בוֹת‬ ֙ ‫אוּ ְבּ ֣קוֹל גָּ ֔דוֹל וַ יִּ ְת ֹֽגּ ְד‬ ֙ ‫ַוֽ יִּ ְק ְר‬ 18:28

‫וַ יִּ ְתגּ ְֹדדוּ‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 18:29 ‫ין־קוֹל וְ ֵאין־ע ֶֹנ֖ה וְ ֵ ֥אין ָ ֽק ֶשׁב׃‬ ֥ ‫הי ַכּ ֲﬠ ֣בֹר ַ ֽה ָצּ ֳה ַ ֔ריִ ם וַ ִיּ ְֽתנַ ְבּ ֔אוּ ַ ֖ﬠד ַל ֲﬠל֣ וֹת ַה ִמּנְ ָ ֑חה וְ ֵ ֽא‬ ֙ ִ ְ‫ַוֽ י‬ 18:29

‫ַכּ ֲﬠבֹר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 18:29; Prov 10:25 (‫)כּ ֲﬠבוֹר‬ ַ ——————————

354

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫ ַכּ ֲﬠבֹר‬twice, once defective and once plene 1 Kgs 18:29 Prov 10:25 The last (reference) is plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫חס וחד‬ ̇ ‫כעבר ̇ב חד‬

Mm

‫ויהי כעבר הצהרים ויתנבאו‬ [‫)בעבור סיפה( ]כעבור סופה‬ ‫בתרייה שלמים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫כ‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with the prep. ‫)בּ ֲﬠבֹר( ב‬ ַ at Exod 33:22.

The term ‫שלמים‬, used in the Mm for plene, is a Babylonian one for ‫ ;מלא‬see Yeivin, Introduction, §133. 18:29

‫ַה ָצּ ֳה ַריִ ם‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 18:26. 18:29

‫ַל ֲﬠלוֹת‬

Fourteen times

‫י̇ ̇ד‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 9:14.

Mp

In ML the Mp note for this lemma has been placed on the left side of the column instead of on the right side. 18:29

‫וְ ֵאין‬1

Three verses that have the sequence ‫וְ ֵאין‬...‫וְ ֵאין‬...‫וְ ֵאין‬ 1 Sam 26:12; 1 Kgs 18:29; Hag 1:6

‫̇ג פסו̇ ואין ואין ואין‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the three verses that have the sequence ‫וְ ֵאין‬...‫וְ ֵאין‬...‫ ;וְ ֵאין‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §332, and Jobin, Concordance, 3.

In ML this lemma has no circellus, and the note has been placed on the right side of the column instead of on the expected left side.

1 KINGS

355

1 KINGS 18:30 ‫הו֖ה ֶה ָה ֽרוּס׃‬ ָ ְ‫ת־מזְ ַ ֥בּח י‬ ִ ‫ל־ה ָ ֖ﬠם ֵא ָל֑יו וַ יְ ַר ֵפּ֛א ֶא‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ָﬠ ֙ם גְּ ֣שׁוּ ֵא ֔ ַלי וַ יִּ גְּ ֥שׁוּ ָכ‬ ָ ‫אמר ֵא ִליָּ ֤הוּ ְל ָכ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ 18:30 Unique

‫וַ יְ ַר ֵפּא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the piel, to distinguish it from its two occurrences in the qal (‫ )וַ יִּ ְר ָפּא‬at Gen 20:17 and 2 Chr 30:20. 18:30

Unique

‫יְ הוָ ה ֶה ָהרוּס‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 18:31 ‫מר יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל‬ ֹ ֔ ‫הו֤ה ֵא ָל ֙יו ֵלא‬ ָ ְ‫וַ יִּ ַ ֣קּח ֵא ִל ָ֗יּהוּ ְשׁ ֵ ֤תּים ֶﬠ ְשׂ ֵר ֙ה ֲא ָב ֔ ִנים ְכּ ִמ ְס ַ ֖פּר ִשׁ ְב ֵ ֣טי ְב ֵנֽי־יַ ֲﬠ ֑קֹב ֲא ֶשׁר֩ ָה ָ֨יה ְד ַבר־י‬ ‫יִ ְה ֶי֥ה ְשׁ ֶ ֽמ�׃‬ 18:31 Unique

‫ְכּ ִמ ְס ַפּר‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in two Masoretic lists. One is in a list of words that occur once with ‫( ר‬here), and once with ‫( ד‬Zech 12:11); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §7, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §7. The other is in a Masoretic list of words occurring only once with a ‫ כּ‬prefix; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §19, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §20. 18:31

Unique

‫ִשׁ ְב ֵטי ְבנֵ י־יַ ֲﬠקֹב‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: In ML an original ‫ב‬,̇ the lower part of which remains, has been turned into a ‫ל‬.̇ For a similar phenomenon, see at Josh 1:8 (‫ית‬ ָ ִ‫)וְ ָהג‬, 21:27 (‫)בּ ֶﬠ ְשׁ ְתּ ָרה‬, ְ and 1 Kgs 19:12 (‫אַחר ָה ַר ַﬠשׁ‬ ַ ְ‫)ו‬.

356

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 18:32 ‫אתיִ ם ֶ֔ז ַרע ָס ִ ֖ביב ַל ִמּזְ ֵ ֽבּ ַ�׃‬ ֣ ַ ‫ית ָס‬ ֙ ‫הו֑ה וַ יַּ ַ֣ﬠשׂ ְתּ ָﬠ ֗ ָלה ְכּ ֵב‬ ָ ְ‫שׁם י‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ת־ה ֲא ָב ִנ֛ים ִמזְ ֵ ֖בּ ַ� ְבּ‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ְב ֶנ֧ה ֶא‬

18:32

‫וַ יִּ ְבנֶ ה‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See Josh 19:50. 18:32

Unique

‫אתיִ ם זֶ ַרע‬ ַ ‫ָס‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 18:34 ‫אמר ַשׁ ֵלּ֖שׁוּ וַ יְ ַשׁ ֵ ֽלּשׁוּ׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫אמר ְשׁ ֙נוּ וַ יִּ ְשׁנ֔ וּ וַ ֥יּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ל־ה ֵﬠ ִ ֑צים וַ ֤יּ‬ ָ ‫ל־הע ָֹל֖ה וְ ַﬠ‬ ָ ‫ים ַ֔מיִ ם וְ יִ ְֽצ ֥קוּ ַﬠ‬ ֙ ‫אמר ִמ ְל ֨אוּ ַא ְר ָבּ ָ ֤ﬠה ַכ ִדּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֗יּ‬ 18:34

‫וְ יִ ְצקוּ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

18:34

‫ְשׁנוּ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that begin and end with a ‫ו‬, and occur once with a ‫ ו‬cj. (here), and once with a ‫ ו‬consec. (2 Kgs 4:40); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §45, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §46.

18:34

‫וַ יִּ ְשׁנוּ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

18:34

Unique 18:34

Unique

‫ַשׁ ֵלּשׁוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬ ‫וַ יְ ַשׁ ֵלּשׁוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp Mp Mp Mp

1 KINGS

357

1 KINGS 18:35 ‫א־מיִ ם׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫ת־ה ְתּ ָﬠ ָל֖ה ִמ ֵלּ‬ ַ ‫וַ יֵּ ְל ֣כוּ ַה ַ֔מּיִ ם ָס ִ ֖ביב ַל ִמּזְ ֵבּ ַ֑� וְ ַג֥ם ֶא‬ 18:35 Unique

‫א־מיִ ם‬ ָ ‫ִמ ֵלּ‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬

1 KINGS 18:36 ‫י־א ָ ֧תּה‬ ַ ‫�הי ַא ְב ָר ָה ֙ם יִ ְצ ָ ֣חק וְ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ַהיּ֣ וֹם יִ וָּ ַ ֗דע ִ ֽכּ‬ ֙ ֵ ‫הוה ֱא‬ ָ֗ ְ‫אמר֒ י‬ ַ ֹ ‫יא וַ יּ‬ ֮ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ׀ ַבּ ֲﬠל֣ וֹת ַה ִמּנְ ָ֗חה וַ יִּ ֞ ַגּשׁ ֵא ִליָּ ֣הוּ ַהנָּ ִב‬ ‫ל־ה ְדּ ָב ִ ֖רים ָה ֵ ֽא ֶלּה׃‬ ַ ‫יתי ֵ ֥את ָכּ‬ ִ ‫וּב ְד ָב ְרי�֣ ָﬠ ִ֔שׂ‬ ִ �‫�הים ְבּיִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל וַ ֲא ִנ֣י ַﬠ ְב ֶ ֑דּ‬ ֛ ִ ‫ֱא‬ 18:36 Five times

‫ַבּ ֲﬠלוֹת‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Judg 13:20; 1 Kgs 11:15; 18:36; Jer 35:11; Jonah 4:7 —————————— ‫ ַב ֲﬠלוֹת‬five times

‫בעלות ̇ה‬

Mm

1–5 Judg 13:20 1 Kgs 11:15 ‫ ַה ִמּנְ ָחה‬of Elijah (1 Kgs 18:36) Jer 35:11 Jonah 4:7

‫הלהב‬ ‫יואב‬ ‫המנחה דאליהו‬ [‫)נבוכדנאצר( ]נבוכדראצר‬ ‫תולעת‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish them from its six occurrences with the prep. ‫;)כּ ֲﬠלוֹת( כ‬ ֲ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §8E. This distinction is implied in the Mm in the additional notation of Elijah to the 1 Kgs 18:36 reference, which distinguishes it from the passage in 2 Kgs 3:20 that refers to Elisha, and where the lemma occurs as ‫כּ ֲﬠלוֹת‬.ֲ 18:36

Four times

‫אַב ָר ָהם יִ ְצ ָחק וְ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ְ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Exod 32:13 (‫וּליִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ְ ‫אַב ָר ָהם ְליִ ְצ ָחק‬ ְ ‫;)ל‬ ְ 1 Kgs 18:36; 1 Chr 29:18; 2 Chr 30:6

358

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma in various forms, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (13x) in various forms with ‫( יַ ֲﬠקֹב‬e.g., ‫אַב ָר ָהם‬ ְ ‫)יִ ְצ ָחק וְ יַ ֲﬠקֹב‬.

In ML two circelli have been placed on the larger phrase ‫אַב ָר ָהם יִ ְצ ָחק וְ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ְ ‫�הי‬ ֵ ‫א‬, ֱ but this phrase only occurs three times so it is most likely that the note should be restricted, as ML has it, to the shorter phrase ‫אַב ָר ָהם יִ ְצ ָחק וְ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ְ which does occur four times. 18:36

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫אַתּה ֱא‬ ָ

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

1–5 1 Kgs 18:36; Ps 55:24 (‫אַתּה‬ ָ ְ‫ ;)ו‬60:12; 61:6; 86:10

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma either to distinguish them from the two occurrences with the Tetragrammaton (‫�הים‬ ִ ‫אַתּה יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫ו‬/‫אַתּה‬ ָ at 2 Kgs 19:19 and Ps 59:6), or to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (38x) with the Tetragrammaton alone (‫אַתּה יְ הוָ ה‬ ָ ְ‫ו‬/‫)אַתּה‬. ָ

The Mp heading at Ps 55:24 reads unique because it is the only form of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj.

18:36

�‫וּב ְד ָב ְרי‬ ִ

Read �‫וּב ְד ָב ְר‬ ִ

‫קר‬ ̇ ‫ובדברך‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)ובדבריך‬, and the qərê (�‫)וּב ְד ָב ְר‬ ִ are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations in the sg. and pl.; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 136–37.

This lemma is one of eight occurrences where forms of �‫ ְד ָב ְר‬are written with a superfluous ‫;י‬ see the Mm at 1 Kgs 8:26, Frensdorff, Ochlah, §131, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §115. This lemma is also featured in a list of hapax legomena with ‫ ב‬at the beginning of the word or after a ‫ ו‬cj.; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §215. In ML this lemma has no circellus.

1 KINGS

359

1 KINGS 18:37 ‫ת־ל ָ ֖בּם ֲאח ַֹר ִ ֽנּית׃‬ ִ ‫�הים וְ ַא ָ ֛תּה ֲה ִס ֥בֹּ ָת ֶא‬ ֑ ִ ‫הו֖ה ָה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫י־א ָ ֥תּה י‬ ַ ‫עוּ ָה ָﬠ֣ם ַה ֶ֔זּה ִ ֽכּ‬ ֙ ‫ֲﬠ ֵנ֤נִ י יְ הוָ ֙ה ֲﬠ ֔ ֵננִ י וְ ֵי ְֽ ד‬ 18:37

‫וְ יֵ ְדעוּ‬

Eleven times

‫י̇ ̇א‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 17:46 18:37

Mp

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫יְ הוָ ה ָה ֱא‬

Ten times

Mp

̇‫י‬

Com.: See Josh 22:34. 18:37

‫אַתּה‬ ֪ ָ ְ‫ו‬2

Twenty-seven times with the accent (təḇîr) Com.: See 1 Sam 24:12. 18:37

Unique 18:37

‫ֲה ִסבּ ָֹת‬ ‫̇ל‬ ‫ֲאח ַֹרנִּ ית‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

‫בטע‬ ̇ ̇‫̇כז‬

Mp

Mp Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 4:18.

1 KINGS 18:38 ‫ר־בּ ְתּ ָﬠ ָל֖ה‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ַ ֥מּיִ ם ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ַ ‫ת־ה ָﬠ ָ ֑פר וְ ֶא‬ ֶ ‫ת־ה ֲא ָב ִנ֖ים וְ ֶא‬ ָ ‫ת־ה ֵﬠ ִ֔צים וְ ֶא‬ ֣ ָ ‫ת־הע ָֹל ֙ה וְ ֶא‬ ֽ ָ ‫אכל ֶא‬ ַ ֹ ‫הוה וַ ֤תּ‬ ָ֗ ְ‫וַ ִתּ ֹ֣פּל ֵאשׁ־י‬ ‫ִל ֵ ֽח ָכה׃‬ 18:38 Unique

‫ת־ה ֵﬠ ִצים‬ ָ ‫וְ ֶא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without a cj., one of which occurs in v. 33 and the other at Gen 22:9.

360 18:38

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ִל ֵח ָכה‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena that are accented milʿêl; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §32, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §33.

1 KINGS 18:39 ‫�הים׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫הו֖ה ֥הוּא ָה ֱא‬ ָ ְ‫�הים י‬ ִ֔ ‫אמ ֔רוּ יְ הוָ ֙ה ֣הוּא ָה ֱא‬ ְ ֹ ‫יהם וַ ֣יּ‬ ֑ ֶ ֵ‫ל־פּנ‬ ְ ‫ל־ה ֔ ָﬠם ַ ֽו יִּ ְפּל֖ וּ ַﬠ‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ְר ֙א ָכּ‬ 18:39

‫ל־ה ָﬠם‬ ָ ‫וַ יַּ ְרא ָכּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Lev 9:24; 1 Kgs 18:39

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with ‫כּל‬,ָ to distinguish them from its three occurrences without ‫)וַ יַּ ְרא ָה ָﬠם( ָכּל‬.

1 KINGS 18:40 ‫ל־נ ַ֣חל‬ ַ ‫הוּ ֶא‬ ֙ ‫יּוֹר ֵ ֤דם ֵא ִל ָ֨יּ‬ ִ ַ‫יאי ַה ַ֗בּ ַﬠל ִ ֛אישׁ ַאל־יִ ָמּ ֵ ֥לט ֵמ ֶ ֖הם ַוֽ יִּ ְת ְפּ ֑שׂוּם ו‬ ֣ ֵ ‫אמר֩ ֵא ִל ָ֨יּהוּ ָל ֶ֜הם ִתּ ְפ ֣שׂוּ ׀ ֶאת־נְ ִב‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ ‫ישׁוֹן וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָח ֵ ֖טם ָ ֽשׁם׃‬ ֔ ‫ִק‬ 18:40

‫יִ ָמּ ֵלט‬

Thirteen times

‫י̇ ̇ג‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 18:40; 2 Kgs 10:24; Isa 49:24; Isa 49:25; Jer 32:4 6–10 Jer 46:6; Ezek 17:18; Joel 3:5; Amos 9:1; Prov 19:5 11–13 Prov 28:26; Qoh 7:26; Dan 12:1

Com.: The Masorah notes the thirteen occurrences of this lemma in the niphal, to distinguish them from its eight occurrences in the piel (‫ ;)יְ ַמ ֵלּט‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §269.

The Mm for this lemma at Joel 3:5 is given in the form of an Aramaic mnemonic “he seized the man who had taken a captive, Zedekiah saw and fled, and stretched forth his hand at the wise woman who lied to Michael”; see Marcus, Scribal Wit, 109–12.

1 KINGS 18:40

‫וַ יִּ ְת ְפּשׂוּם‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

361

Mp

1 Kgs 18:40; 2 Kgs 10:14

—————————— ‫ וַ יִּ ְת ְפּשׂוּם‬twice and plene

1 Kgs 18:40 2 Kgs 10:14

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫ויתפשום ̇ב‬

Mm

‫תפשו את נביאי‬ ‫ויאמר תפשום‬

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written plene ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫ו‬. 18:40

‫יּוֹר ֵדם‬ ִ ַ‫ו‬

Unique and written this way

‫וכת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written this way, that is, defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫י‬. 18:40

‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָח ֵטם‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Num 14:16; 1 Kgs 18:40; Jer 41:7 ——————————

‫ וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָח ֵטם‬three times, and their references Num 14:16 1 Kgs 18:40 Jer 41:7

‫וישחטם ̇ג וסימנהון‬

‫וישחטם במדבר‬ ‫)וירדם( ]ויורדם[ )אליהיו( ]אליהו[ אל נחל‬ ‫ושמעאל בן נתניה‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a sfx., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (8x) without this sfx. (‫)וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַחט‬.

362

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 18:42 ‫ל־ר ֹאשׁ ַה ַכּ ְר ֶמל֙ וַ יִּ גְ ַ ֣הר ַ֔א ְר ָצה וַ יָּ ֶ֥שׂם ָפּ ָנ֖יו ֵ ֥בּין ִבּ ְר ָ ֽכּו׃‬ ֤ ‫וַ יַּ ֲﬠ ֶ ֥לה ַא ְח ָ ֖אב ֶל ֱא ֣כֹל וְ ִל ְשׁ ֑תּוֹת וְ ֵ֨א ִל ָ֜יּהוּ ָﬠ ֨ ָלה ֶא‬

18:42

‫וַ יַּ ֲﬠ ֶלה‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 16:17; 18:42; Jer 10:13 ——————————

‫ וַ יַּ ֲﬠ ֶלה‬three times, and their references 1 Kgs 16:17 1 Kgs 18:42 Jer 10:13

‫ויעלה ̇ג וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫עמרי‬ ‫אחאב‬ [‫)נשיאים( ]נשאים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ under the ‫ ו‬to distinguish them from its three occurrences with a šəwâ; see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §8M, and 1 Kgs 15:19. 18:42

‫ֶאל־רֹאשׁ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Num 23:14; 1 Kgs 18:42

——————————

Twice, and their references Num 23:14 1 Kgs 18:42

‫אל ראש ̇ב וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ויקחהו שדה צפים אל ראש הפסגה‬ ‫)ויעל( ]ויעלה[ אחאב‬

And similarly all (occurrences) with ‫ ָה ָהר‬apart from five

‫מ ̇ה‬ ̇ ‫וכל ההר דכותהון ̇ב‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with ‫אל‬, ֶ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (53x) with ‫) ַﬠל רֹאשׁ( ַﬠל‬. The Mm additionally notes that ‫ ֶאל־רֹאשׁ‬also occurs (6x) with ‫) ֶאל־רֹאשׁ ָה ָהר( ָה ָהר‬, apart from five cases (‫) ַﬠל רֹאשׁ ָה ָהר‬.

1 KINGS 18:42

‫וַ יִּ גְ ַהר‬

Three times

363

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 18:42; 2 Kgs 4:34; 4:35 18:42

‫ִבּ ְר ָכּו‬

Read ‫ִבּ ְר ָכּיו‬

‫ברכיו ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ )ברכו‬without a ‫ י‬represents the archaic form of the 3rd masc. sg. sfx. to a pl. noun, whereas the qərê (‫)בּ ְר ָכּיו‬ ִ with a ‫ י‬represents the later form; see Cohen, The Kethiḇ and Qeri System, 33. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena in which a ‫ י‬is read though it is not written; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §128, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §112. In ML this lemma has no circellus.

1 KINGS 18:43 ‫אמר ֻ ֖שׁב ֶ ֥שׁ ַבע ְפּ ָﬠ ִ ֽמים׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וּמה וַ ֕יּ‬ ָ ‫אמר ֵ ֣אין ְמ ֑א‬ ֶ ֹ ‫�־ים וַ ַ֨יּ ַﬠל֙ וַ יַּ ֵ֔בּט וַ ֖יּ‬ ָ֔ ‫אמר ֶ ֽאל־נַ ֲﬠ ֗רוֹ ֲﬠ ֵ ֽלה־נָ ֙א ַה ֵבּ֣ט ֶ ֽדּ ֶר‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ 18:43

‫ֻשׁב‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

Exod 4:19; 1 Kgs 18:43

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (26x) written plene ‫)שׁוּב( ו‬.

1 KINGS 18:44 ‫ל־א ְח ָא ֙ב ֱא ֣סֹר וָ ֵ ֔רד וְ ֥ל ֹא‬ ַ ‫מר ֶא‬ ֹ ֤ ‫אמר ֲﬠ ֨ ֵלה ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ף־אישׁ ע ָֹל֣ה ִמיָּ ֑ם וַ ֗יּ‬ ֖ ִ ‫ה־ﬠב ְק ַט ָנּ֥ה ְכּ ַכ‬ ֛ ָ ֵ‫אמר ִהנּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ַוֽ יְ ִה֙י ַבּ ְשּׁ ִב ֔ ִﬠית וַ ֗יּ‬ ‫יַ ַﬠ ָצ ְר ָ ֖כה ַה ָ ֽגּ ֶשׁם׃‬ 18:44

‫ַבּ ְשּׁ ִב ִﬠית‬

Twice written like this

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 18:44; 2 Chr 23:1 (‫)ה ְשּׁ ִב ִﬠית‬ ַ

Mp

364

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in various forms written defective first ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (6x) written plene first ‫י‬ (‫יﬠית‬ ִ ‫)ה ְשּׁ ִב‬. ַ

The Mp heading at 2 Chr 23:1 reads three times written like this to include the form ‫ וּ ַב ְשּׁ ִב ִﬠת‬of Exod 21:2; see Breuer, The Biblical Text, ‫יז־יח‬. 18:44

‫ְכּ ַכף‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 18:44; Ezek 1:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫כ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (8x) with the prep. ‫)בּ ַכף( ב‬. ְ 18:44

‫וָ ֵרד‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (12x) without a cj. 18:44

Unique

‫יַ ַﬠ ָצ ְר ָכה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: See above at 1 Kgs 18:10.

1 KINGS 18:45 ‫אלה׃‬ ָ ‫רוּ ָﬠ ִ ֣בים וְ ֔ר ַוּ� וַ יְ ִ ֖הי ֶגּ ֶ֣שׁם גָּ ֑דוֹל וַ יִּ ְר ַ ֥כּב ַא ְח ָ ֖אב וַ יֵּ ֶ֥ל� יִ זְ ְר ֶ ֽﬠ‬ ֙ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ׀ ַﬠד־ ֣כֹּה וְ ַﬠד־ ֗כֹּה וְ ַה ָשּׁ ַ֨מיִ ֙ם ִ ֽה ְת ַק ְדּ‬ 18:45

‫ַﬠד‬

Seventeen verses with the sequence ‫וְ ַﬠד‬...‫ַﬠד‬ Com.: See Josh 10:10.

In ML this lemma has no circellus.

‫י̇ ]ז̇ [ פסו̇ עד ועד‬

Mp

1 KINGS

365

1 KINGS 18:46 ‫אלה׃‬ ָ ‫ל־א ִל ָ֔יּהוּ וַ יְ ַשׁ ֵנּ֖ס ָמ ְת ָנ֑יו וַ ָ֨יּ ָר ֙ץ ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י ַא ְח ָ֔אב ַﬠד־בּ ֲֹא ָ ֖כה יִ זְ ְר ֶ ֽﬠ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫הוה ָ ֽהיְ ָת ֙ה ֶא‬ ָ֗ ְ‫וְ יַ ד־י‬ 18:46

‫וְ יַ ד־יְ הוָ ה‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 18:46; Ezek 3:14; 33:22 ——————————

‫ וְ יַ ד־יְ הוָ ה‬three times, and their references 1 Kgs 18:46 Ezek 33:22 Ezek 3:14

‫ויד יהוה ̇ג וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ויד יהוה היתה אל אליהו‬ ‫ויד יהוה היתה אלי‬ ‫עלי חזקה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (20x) without a cj. 18:46

Unique 18:46

‫וַ יְ ַשׁנֵּ ס‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫בּ ֲֹא ָכה‬

Six times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 10:19a; 10:19b; 10:30; 13:10; 25:18 6 1 Kgs 18:46

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma written plene ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its five occurrences written without this ‫)בּ ֲֹא�( ה‬. 18:46

Seven times

‫אלה‬ ָ ‫יִ זְ ְר ֶﬠ‬ ̇‫ז‬

Mp

Com.: See Josh 19:18.

366

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 19:1 ‫יאים ֶבּ ָ ֽח ֶרב׃‬ ֖ ִ ‫ל־הנְּ ִב‬ ַ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫ל־א ֶ ֥שׁר ָה ַ ֛רג ֶא‬ ֲ ‫ל־א ֶ ֥שׁר ָﬠ ָ ֖שׂה ֵא ִליָּ ֑הוּ וְ ֵ֨את ָכּ‬ ֲ ‫וַ יַּ ֵגּ֤ד ַא ְח ָא ֙ב ְל ִא ֶ֔יז ֶבל ֵ ֛את ָכּ‬

19:1 Unique

‫ל־א ֶשׁר ָﬠ ָשׂה‬ ֲ ‫ֵאת ָכּ‬ Mp

‫̇ל‬

1–5 Gen 1:31; Exod 18:1; 18:8; Num 22:2; Deut 3:21 6–10 Deut 29:1; Josh 23:3; 1 Sam 19:18; 1 Kgs 19:1; Ruth 3:16

Com.: The Mp heading of unique is inexact since there are ten occurrences of this lemma. The note more precisely should have read unique in the book.

The Mp heading at Exod 18:1 reads twice for the two occurrences of this lemma in the book (of Exodus) there and at 18:8. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

In ML there are only two circelli on this four-word phrase: one on ‫ ֵאת ָכּל‬and one on ‫א ֶשׁר ָﬠ ָשׂה‬. ֲ With four- or five-word phrases it is not unusual for only two circelli to be given; see Josh 1:6 and passim.

1 KINGS 19:2 �֔ ‫י־כ ֵﬠ֤ת ָמ ָח ֙ר ָא ִ ֣שׂים ֶ ֽאת־נַ ְפ ְשׁ‬ ָ ‫יוֹס ֔פוּן ִ ֽכּ‬ ִ ‫ים וְ ֣כֹה‬ ֙ ‫�ה‬ ִ ‫מר ֽכֹּה־יַ ֲﬠ ֤שׂוּן ֱא‬ ֹ ֑ ‫ל־א ִליָּ ֖הוּ ֵלא‬ ֵ ‫וַ ִתּ ְשׁ ַל֤ח ִא ֶ֨יז ֶבל֙ ַמ ְל ָ֔א� ֶא‬ ‫ְכּ ֶנ ֶ֖פשׁ ַא ַ ֥חד ֵמ ֶ ֽהם׃‬ 19:2

‫יַ ֲﬠשׂוּן‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 18:20; 1 Sam 2:22; 1 Kgs 19:2; 20:10; Hos 9:16 —————————— ‫ יַ ֲﬠשׂוּן‬five times

1–5 Exod 18:20 1 Sam 2:22 1 Kgs 19:2 1 Kgs 20:10 Hos 9:16

‫יעשון ̇ה‬

Mm

[‫)והזהרת( ]והזהרתה‬ ‫ועלי‬ ‫איזבל‬ ‫בן הדד‬ ‫גם כי ילדון‬

1 KINGS

367

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a paragogic ‫נ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (20x) without this ‫)יַ ֲﬠשׂוּ( נ‬. 19:2

‫יוֹספוּן‬ ִ

Unique and written this way

‫וכת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written this way, that is, defective ‫ י‬with a paragogic ‫נ‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ י‬with a paragogic ‫נ‬. However, it does occur three times plene ‫ י‬without a paragogic ‫)יוֹסיפוּ( נ‬. ִ

1 KINGS 19:3 ‫יהוּדה וַ יַּ ַנּ֥ח ֶ ֽאת־נַ ֲﬠ ֖רוֹ ָ ֽשׁם׃‬ ֑ ָ ‫שׁר ִ ֽל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וַ ַ֗יּ ְרא וַ ָ֨יּ ָק ֙ם וַ יֵּ ֶ֣ל� ֶאל־נַ ְפ ֔שׁוֹ וַ יָּ ֕ב ֹא ְבּ ֵ ֥אר ֶ ֖שׁ ַבע ֲא‬ 19:3

‫וַ יַּ נַּ ח‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 Num 17:22; 1 Sam 10:25; Judg 2:23; 1 Kgs 7:47; 13:30 6–7 1 Kgs 19:3; 2 Chr 4:8 —————————— ‫ וַ יַּ נַּ ח‬seven times

1–5 Num 17:22 1 Sam 10:25 Judg 2:23 1 Kgs 19:3 1 Kgs 13:30 6–7 2 Chr 4:8 1 Kgs 7:47

̇‫וינח ז‬

Mm

‫משה‬ ‫שמואל‬ ‫את הגוים‬ ‫את נערו‬ ‫נבלתו‬ ‫בהיכל‬ [‫)יהושע( ]שלמה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma in the hiphil, to distinguish them from its six occurrences pointed as ‫( וַ יָּ נַ ח‬both qal and hiphil).

368

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 19:4

‫אמר ׀ ַ ֗רב ַﬠ ָ ֤תּה יְ הוָ ֙ה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫שׁוֹ ָל ֔מוּת וַ ֣יּ‬ ֙ ‫וּא־ה ַל֤� ַבּ ִמּ ְד ָבּ ֙ר ֶדּ ֶ֣ר� י֔ וֹם וַ יָּ ֕ב ֹא וַ ֵ֕יּ ֶשׁב ַ ֖תּ ַחת ֣ר ֹ ֶתם ֶא ָ ֑חת וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֤אל ֶאת־נַ ְפ‬ ָ ‫וְ ֽה‬ ‫א־טוֹב ָאנ ִ ֹ֖כי ֵמ ֲאב ָ ֹֽתי׃‬ ֥ ֹ ‫ַ ֣קח נַ ְפ ִ֔שׁי ִ ֽכּי־ל‬ 19:4

‫ֶא ָחת‬

Read ‫ֶא ָחד‬

‫אחד קר‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)אחת‬, and the qərê (‫)א ָחד‬ ֶ represent kəṯîḇ/qərê variations in gender; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 139.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic in a list of words in which a ‫ ת‬is written but not read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §163, Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §149, the Mm at Ezek 7:2 sub ‫אַר ַבּעת‬, ְ and the Mm at Mic 1:10 sub ‫ה ְת ַפּ ָלּ ִשׁתי‬.ִ

1 KINGS 19:5 ‫אמר ל֖ וֹ ֥קוּם ֱא ֽכוֹל׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ֽה־ז֤ה ַמ ְל ָא ֙� נ ֵֹג ַ֣� ֔בּוֹ וַ ֥יּ‬ ֶ ‫ישׁן ַ ֖תּ ַחת ֣ר ֹ ֶתם ֶא ָ ֑חד וְ ִה ֵנּ‬ ַ֔ ִ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַכּ ֙ב וַ יּ‬ 19:5

‫ישׁן‬ ַ֔ ִ‫וַ יּ‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Com.: Three cases of pairs that have a zaqeṕ, where one of the pair has a qameṣ and the other has a paṯaḥ; see 1 Kgs 11:37. 19:5

‫וְ ִהנֵּ ה־זֶ ה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 19:5; Isa 21:9

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its three occurrences without a cj. 19:5

‫ֱאכוֹל‬

Five times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Sam 28:22 (‫ ;)וֶ ֱאכוֹל‬1 Kgs 19:5; Ezek 3:1a; 3:1b; Prov 23:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (10x) written defective ‫וֶ ֱאכֹל( ו‬/‫) ֱאכֹל‬.

1 KINGS

369

1 KINGS 19:6 ‫אכל וַ ֵ֔יּ ְשׁ ְתּ וַ יָּ ָ֖שׁב וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָ ֽכּב׃‬ ַ ֹ ‫וַ יַּ ֵ֕בּט וְ ִה ֵנּ֧ה ְמ ַר ֲאשׁ ָ ֹ֛תיו ֻﬠ ַג֥ת ְר ָצ ִ ֖פים וְ ַצ ַפּ ַ֣חת ָ ֑מיִ ם וַ ֣יּ‬ 19:6

‫ְמ ַר ֲאשׁ ָֹתיו‬

Eight times

Mp

‫̇ח‬

1–5 Gen 28:11; 28:18; 1 Sam 19:13; 19:16; 26:7 (qərê) 6–8 1 Sam 26:11 (qərê); 26:16 (qərê); 1 Kgs 19:6

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this lemma written with a ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences without a ‫)מראשׁתו( י‬, which only occur as kəṯîḇ forms in the three Samuel references at 1 Sam 26:7, 26:11, and 26:16. The Mp heading at 1 Sam 19:13 incorrectly reads unique.

1 KINGS 19:8 ‫�הים ח ֵ ֹֽרב׃‬ ֖ ִ ‫יוֹם וְ ַא ְר ָבּ ִ ֣ﬠים ֔ ַליְ ָלה ַ ֛ﬠד ַ ֥הר ָה ֱא‬ ֙ ‫אכל וַ יִּ ְשׁ ֶ ֑תּה וַ ֵ֜יּ ֶל� ְבּ ֣כֹ ַ� ׀ ָה ֲא ִכ ָיל֣ה ַה ִ֗היא ַא ְר ָבּ ִ ֥ﬠים‬ ַ ֹ ‫וַ יָּ ֖ ָ קם וַ ֣יּ‬ 19:8 Unique 19:8

‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ֶתּה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫ילה‬ ָ ‫ָה ֲא ִכ‬

Unique and plene

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written plene ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫י‬. 19:8

Four times

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ַהר ָה ֱא‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Exod 3:1; 18:5; 24:13; 1 Kgs 19:8

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of ‫ ַהר‬with ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ ָה ֱא‬either to distinguish them from its sole occurrence without the def. article on ‫�הים‬ ִ ‫�הים( ֱא‬ ִ ‫)הר ֱא‬ ַ at Ps 68:16, or to distinguish them from its two occurrences with the Tetragrammaton (‫)הר יְ הוָ ה‬ ַ at Isa 2:3 and Mic 4:2.

370

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 19:9 ‫ה־לּ�֥ ֹ֖פה ֵא ִליָּ ֽהוּ׃‬ ְ ‫אמר ֔לוֹ ַמ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ל־ה ְמּ ָﬠ ָ ֖רה וַ יָּ ֶ֣לן ָ ֑שׁם וְ ִה ֵנּ֤ה ְד ַבר־יְ הוָ ֙ה ֵא ֔ ָליו וַ ֣יּ‬ ַ ‫א־שׁם ֶא‬ ֥ ָ ֹ ‫וַ יָּ ב‬

19:9

‫וְ ִהנֵּ ה ְד ַבר־יְ הוָ ה ֵא ָליו‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 15:4; 1 Kgs 19:9

—————————— ‫ וְ ִהנֵּ ה ְד ַבר־יְ הוָ ה ֵא ָליו‬twice

Gen 15:4 1 Kgs 19:9

‫והנה דבר יהוה אליו ̇ב‬

Mm

‫יירשך‬ ‫אליהו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with ‫וְ ִהנֵּ ה‬, to distinguish them from its four occurrences without ‫וְ ִהנֵּ ה‬.

In ML only two circelli have been placed on this four-letter phrase; see Josh 1:6 and passim.

1 KINGS 19:10 �‫יאי‬ ֖ ֶ ‫ת־מזְ ְבּח ֶ ֹ֣תי� ָה ָ ֔רסוּ וְ ֶאת־נְ ִב‬ ִ ‫ית ֙� ְבּ ֵנ֣י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ֶא‬ ְ ‫י־ﬠזְ ֤בוּ ְב ִ ֽר‬ ָ ‫�הי ְצ ָב ֗אוֹת ִ ֽכּ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫יהו֣ה ׀ ֱא‬ ָ ‫אתי ַל‬ ִ ‫אמר֩ ַק ֨נּ ֹא ִק ֜ ֵנּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ ‫ָה ְרג֣ וּ ֶב ָ ֑ח ֶרב ָו ִֽאוָּ ֵ ֤תר ֲאנִ ֙י ְל ַב ִ ֔דּי וַ יְ ַב ְק ֥שׁוּ ֶאת־נַ ְפ ִ ֖שׁי ְל ַק ְח ָ ֽתּהּ׃‬ 19:10

‫ַקנּ ֹא‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See Josh 24:19. 19:10

Mp

‫�הי ְצ ָבאוֹת‬ ֵ ‫ֱא‬

Twelve times

‫י̇ ̇ב‬

Mp

1–5 2 Sam 5:10; 1 Kgs 19:10; 19:14; Jer 5:14; 15:16 6–10 Amos 4:13; 5:14; 5:15; 5:16; 5:27 11–12 Amos 6:8; Ps 89:9

Com.: The Masorah notes the twelve occurrences of this lemma without a following ‫�הי‬ ֵ ‫ֱא‬ ‫ יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬as at Jer 35:17, 38:17, and 44:7.

1 KINGS 19:10

�‫ִמזְ ְבּח ֶֹתי‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

371

Mp

1 Kgs 19:10; 19:14; Ps 84:4 (�‫חוֹתי‬ ֶ ‫)מזְ ְבּ‬ ִ

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, two written defective ‫( ו‬1 Kgs 19:10 and 14), and one written plene ‫( ו‬Ps 84:4). 19:10

�‫יאי‬ ֶ ‫וְ ֶאת־נְ ִב‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 19:10; 19:14; Neh 9:26

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma all occurring with the verb ‫ה ְרגוּ‬,ָ they slew.

1 KINGS 19:11 ‫ים ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י‬ ֙ ‫וּמ ַשׁ ֵבּ֤ר ְס ָל ִﬠ‬ ְ ‫דוֹלה וְ ָח ָ֞זק ְמ ָפ ֵר ֩ק ָה ִ ֨רים‬ ָ ֡ ְ‫הו֣ה ע ֵֹ֗בר וְ ֣ר ַוּ� גּ‬ ָ ְ‫ה וְ ִה ֵנּ֧ה י‬ ֒ ָ‫אמר ֵצ֣א וְ ָﬠ ַמ ְד ָ ֣תּ ָב ָה ֮ר ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י יְ הו‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֗יּ‬ ‫הוֽה׃‬ ָ ְ‫הו֑ה וְ ַא ַ ֤חר ָה ֨ר ַוּ� ַ ֔ר ַﬠשׁ ֥ל ֹא ָב ַ ֖ר ַﬠשׁ י‬ ָ ְ‫הוה ֥ל ֹא ָב ֖ר ַוּ� י‬ ָ֔ ְ‫י‬ 19:11

‫וְ ִהנֵּ ה יְ הוָ ה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 28:13; 1 Kgs 19:11; 2 Kgs 7:19; Amos 7:7 (‫)וְ ִהנֵּ ה ֲאד ֹנָ י‬ —————————— ‫ וְ ִהנֵּ ה יְ הוָ ה‬four times

Gen 28:13 1 Kgs 19:11 2 Kgs 7:19 Amos 7:7

‫והנה יהוה ̇ד‬

‫נצב עליו‬ ‫עבר‬ ‫עשה ארבות‬ ‫חומת אנך‬

Mm

372

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice is incorrect since, as listed in the Mm, there are four occurrences of this lemma.

The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (14x) without a cj. (‫ ִהנֵּ ה ֲאד ֹנָ י‬/‫) ִהנֵּ ה יְ הוָ ה‬. Both MC and MA correctly read here four times. 19:11

‫וְ ָחזָ ק‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 19:11; Amos 2:14

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (15x) without a cj.

19:11

�‫רוּ‬ ַ ‫ָב‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 19:11; Qoh 8:8; 1 Chr 28:12 —————————— �‫רוּ‬ ַ ‫ ָב‬three times Qoh 8:8 1 Chr 28:12 1 Kgs 19:11

‫ברוח ̇ג‬

Mm

‫אין אדם‬ ‫ותבנית‬ ‫סלעים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the def. prep. ‫בּ‬,ָ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) with the indef. prep. ‫רוּ�( ְבּ‬ ַ ‫;)בּ‬ ְ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §319. 19:11

Unique

‫ָב ַר ַﬠשׁ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the def. prep. ‫בּ‬,ָ to distinguish it from its three occurrences with the indef. prep. ‫)בּ ַר ַﬠשׁ( ְבּ‬. ְ

1 KINGS

373

1 KINGS 19:12 ‫הו֑ה וְ ַא ַ ֣חר ָה ֵ֔אשׁ ֖קוֹל ְדּ ָמ ָ ֥מה ַד ָ ֽקּה׃‬ ָ ְ‫וְ ַא ַ ֤חר ָה ַ ֨ר ַﬠ ֙שׁ ֵ֔אשׁ ֥ל ֹא ָב ֵ ֖אשׁ י‬ 19:12

‫אַחר ָה ַר ַﬠשׁ‬ ַ ְ‫ו‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: In ML an original ‫ב‬,̇ the lower part of which remains, has been turned into a ‫ל‬.̇ For a similar phenomenon, see at Josh 1:8 (‫ית‬ ָ ִ‫)וְ ָהג‬, 21:27 (‫)בּ ֶﬠ ְשׁ ְתּ ָרה‬, ְ and 1 Kgs 18:31 (‫ִשׁ ְב ֵטי ְבנֵ י־‬ ‫)יַ ֲﬠקֹב‬. 19:12

‫לֹא ָב ֵאשׁ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the def. prep. ‫בּ‬,ָ to distinguish it from its occurrence with the indef. prep. ‫ )לֹא ְבּ ֵאשׁ( ְבּ‬at Ezek 36:5. 19:12

‫אַחר ָה ֵאשׁ‬ ַ ְ‫ו‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

19:12

‫ַד ָקּה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

Lev 16:12; 1 Kgs 19:12

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the fem., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (7x) in the masc. (‫)דּק‬. ַ

1 KINGS 19:13 ‫ה־לּ�֥ ֹ֖פה‬ ְ ‫אמר ַמ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫מד ֶפּ ַ֣תח ַה ְמּ ָﬠ ָ ֑רה וְ ִה ֵנּ֤ה ֵא ָל ֙יו ֔קוֹל וַ ֕יּ‬ ֹ ֖ ‫מ ַ� ֵא ִל ָ֗יּהוּ וַ יָּ ֶ֤לט ָפּנָ ֙יו ְבּ ַא ַדּ ְר ֔תּוֹ וַ יֵּ ֵ֕צא ַוֽ יַּ ֲﬠ‬ ֹ ֣ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ׀ ִכּ ְשׁ‬ ‫ֵא ִליָּ ֽהוּ׃‬ 19:13

‫וַ יָּ ֶלט‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫‪374‬‬

‫‪THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML‬‬ ‫‪1 KINGS 19:14‬‬

‫יאי�‬ ‫ת־מזְ ְבּח ֶ ֹ֣תי� ָה ָ ֔רסוּ וְ ֶאת־נְ ִב ֶ ֖‬ ‫ית ֙� ְבּ ֵנ֣י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ֶא ִ‬ ‫י־ﬠזְ ֤בוּ ְב ִ ֽר ְ‬ ‫�הי ְצ ָב ֗אוֹת ִ ֽכּ ָ‬ ‫יהו֣ה ׀ ֱא ֵ ֣‬ ‫אתי ַל ָ‬ ‫אמר֩ ַק ֨נּ ֹא ִק ֜ ֵנּ ִ‬ ‫וַ יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫ָה ְרג֣ וּ ֶב ָ ֑ח ֶרב וָ ִאוָּ ֵ ֤תר ֲאנִ ֙י ְל ַב ִ ֔דּי וַ יְ ַב ְק ֥שׁוּ ֶאת־נַ ְפ ִ ֖שׁי ְל ַק ְח ָ ֽתּהּ׃ ס‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ַקנּ ֹא‬

‫‪Four times‬‬

‫̇ד‬

‫‪Com.: See Josh 24:19.‬‬

‫�הי ְצ ָבאוֹת‬ ‫ַליהוָ ה ׀ ֱא ֵ‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪19:14‬‬

‫י̇ ̇א‬

‫‪19:14‬‬

‫‪Eleven times‬‬

‫‪); 1 Kgs 19:10; 19:14‬וַ יהוָ ה( ‪2 Sam 5:10‬‬ ‫)יְ הוָ ה( ‪); Amos 4:13‬יְ הוָ ה( ‪Jer 15:16‬‬ ‫)יְ הוָ ה( ‪); 5:27‬יְ הוָ ה( ‪); 5:15‬יְ הוָ ה( ‪6–10 Amos 5:14‬‬ ‫�הי ַה ְצּ ָבאוֹת( ‪); 6:14‬יְ הוָ ה( ‪Amos 6:8‬‬ ‫)יְ הוָ ה ֱא ֵ‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫)יְ הוָ ה( ‪Ps 89:9‬‬ ‫‪Mm‬‬

‫‪1–5‬‬

‫——————————‬

‫ליהוה אלהי צבאות י̇ ̇א‬

‫וילך דוד דשמואל‬ ‫ויאמר קנא‬ ‫ויאמר קנא קנאתי‬ ‫נמצאו דבריך ואכלם‬ ‫כי הנה יוצר הרים‬ ‫דרשו טוב ואל רע‬ ‫שנאו רע ואהבו טוב‬ ‫והגליתי אתכם מהלאה‬ ‫נשבע >אדני< יהוה‬ ‫כי הנני‬ ‫מי כמוך חסין יה ואמונתך‬

‫�הי ְצ ָבאוֹת‬ ‫‪ַ eleven times‬ליהוָ ה ׀ ֱא ֵ‬ ‫‪1–5‬‬

‫)‪ of Samuel (2 Sam 5:10‬וַ יֵּ ֶל� ָדּוִ ד‬ ‫‪1 Kgs 19:10‬‬ ‫‪1 Kgs 19:14‬‬ ‫‪Jer 15:16‬‬ ‫‪Amos 4:13‬‬ ‫‪6–10 Amos 5:14‬‬ ‫‪Amos 5:15‬‬ ‫‪Amos 5:27‬‬ ‫‪Amos 6:8‬‬ ‫‪Amos 6:14‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪Ps 89:9‬‬

‫‪Com.: The Masorah notes the eleven occurrences of this lemma in various forms without a‬‬ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל ‪following‬‬ ‫‪ֲ (as at Amos 5:16), to distin‬אד ֹנָ י ‪ֱ (as at Jer 35:17, 38:17, and 44:7) or‬א ֵ‬‫יהוָ ה ‪guish them from the much more common (200+) occurrences of various forms of‬‬ ‫ְ‪.‬צ ָבאוֹת‬

1 KINGS

375

This distinction is implied in the additional notation of Samuel to the 2 Sam 5:10 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 1 Chr 11:9, where the lemma occurs as ‫וַ יהוָ ה ְצ ָבאוֹת‬.

The inclusion of Amos 6:14 in this list is strange because it has the def. article on ‫ְצ ָבאוֹת‬ (‫�הי ַה ְצּ ָבאוֹת‬ ֵ ‫)יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬. Likewise strange is the omission of Jer 5:14, which meets the criteria for inclusion, containing ‫�הי ְצ ָבאוֹת‬ ֵ ‫ יְ הוָ ה ׀ ֱא‬not followed by ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֵ ‫ ֱא‬. Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc) suggest that some confusion has occurred with the catchwords in that the catchwords ‫ ִכּי ִהנְ נִ י‬of Amos 6:14 were confused with the expected catchwords ‫ ִהנְ נִ י נ ֵֹתן‬of Jer 5:14. 19:14

�‫ִמזְ ְבּח ֶֹתי‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 19:10. 19:14

�‫יאי‬ ֶ ‫וְ ֶאת־נְ ִב‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 19:10.

1 KINGS 19:15 ‫־א ָ ֽרם׃‬ ֲ ‫ת־חזָ ֵ ֛אל ְל ֶ ֖מ ֶל� ַﬠל‬ ֲ ‫וּמ ַשׁ ְח ָ ֧תּ ֶא‬ ָ ‫את‬ ָ ‫וּב‬ ָ֗ ‫אמר יְ הוָ ֙ה ֵא ֔ ָליו ֵל֛� ֥שׁוּב ְל ַד ְר ְכּ�֖ ִמ ְד ַבּ ָ֣רה ַד ָ ֑מּ ֶשׂק‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤יּ‬ 19:15 Five times

‫ִמ ְד ַבּ ָרה‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: See Josh 18:12. 19:15

‫את‬ ָ ‫וּב‬ ָ֗

Three times accented (milʿêl with rəḇîa) Deut 6:18; 1 Kgs 19:15; Zech 6:10 ——————————

‫בט‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

376

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫את‬ ָ ‫וּב‬ ָ three times accented (milʿêl with rəḇîa)

Deut 6:18 1 Kgs 19:15 Zech 6:10

‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫ובאת ̇ג‬

Mm

[‫וירשת את )הטובה( ]הארץ הטבה‬ ‫ובאת ומשחת את חזאל‬ ‫בית יאשיה בן צפניה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma accented milʿêl with a rəḇîa accent, to distinguish them from its eleven occurrences accented milʿêl with different accents, and from its seven occurrences accented milraʿ; see 1 Sam 20:19.

1 KINGS 19:16 ‫חוֹלה ִתּ ְמ ַ ֥שׁח ְלנָ ִ ֖ביא‬ ָ ֔ ‫ן־שׁ ָפ ֙ט ֵמ ָא ֵב֣ל ְמ‬ ָ ‫ישׁע ֶבּ‬ ֤ ָ ‫ת־א ִל‬ ֱ ‫וְ ֵא ֙ת יֵ ֣הוּא ֶבן־נִ ְמ ִ֔שׁי ִתּ ְמ ַ ֥שׁח ְל ֶ ֖מ ֶל� ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל וְ ֶא‬ ‫ַתּ ְח ֶ ֽתּי�׃‬ 19:16

‫וְ ֵאת יֵ הוּא‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without a cj. at 2 Kgs 9:22 and 1 Chr 2:38. 19:16

‫ישׁע‬ ָ ‫ת־א ִל‬ ֱ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its occurrence without a cj. in v. 19. 19:16

‫ְלנָ ִביא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 3:20.

1 KINGS 19:17 ‫ישׁע׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫וְ ָה ָ֗יה ַהנִּ ְמ ָל֛ט ֵמ ֶ ֥ח ֶרב ֲחזָ ֵ ֖אל יָ ִ ֣מית יֵ ֑הוּא וְ ַהנִּ ְמ ָל֛ט ֵמ ֶ ֥ח ֶרב יֵ ֖הוּא יָ ִ ֥מית ֱא ִל‬ 19:17 Eight times

‫יָ ִמית‬1 ‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 5:11.

Mp

1 KINGS

377

1 KINGS 19:18 ‫ל־ה ֔ ֶפּה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ֽל ֹא־נָ ַ ֖שׁק ֽלוֹ׃‬ ַ ‫עוּ ַל ַ֔בּ ַﬠל וְ ָ֨כ‬ ֙ ‫א־כ ְר‬ ֽ ָ ֹ ‫ל־ה ִבּ ְר ַ֗כּיִ ם ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ֽל‬ ַ ‫וְ ִה ְשׁ ַא ְר ִ ֥תּי ְביִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ִשׁ ְב ַﬠ֣ת ֲא ָל ִ ֑פים ָכּ‬ 19:18 Unique 19:18

Unique

‫ל־ה ִבּ ְר ַכּיִ ם‬ ַ ‫ָכּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫ל־ה ֶפּה‬ ַ ‫וְ ָכ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ וְ ָכל‬with ‫ה ֶפּה‬,ַ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫ל־פּה( ֶפּה‬ ֶ ‫ )וְ ָכ‬at Isa 9:16.

1 KINGS 19:19 ‫ים ְל ָפ ֔ ָניו וְ ֖הוּא ִבּ ְשׁ ֵנ֣ים ֶה ָﬠ ָ ֑שׂר וַ יַּ ֲﬠ ֤בֹר‬ ֙ ‫ים־ﬠ ָ ֤שׂר ְצ ָמ ִד‬ ָ ֵ‫ן־שׁ ָפ ֙ט וְ ֣הוּא ח ֵ ֹ֔רשׁ ְשׁנ‬ ָ ‫ישׁע ֶבּ‬ ֤ ָ ‫ת־א ִל‬ ֱ ‫וַ יֵּ ֶ֣ל� ֠ ִמ ָשּׁם וַ יִּ ְמ ָ֞צא ֶא‬ ‫הוּ ֵא ֔ ָליו וַ יַּ ְשׁ ֵ ֥ל� ַא ַדּ ְר ֖תּוֹ ֵא ָ ֽליו׃‬ ֙ ‫ֵא ִל ָ֨יּ‬ 19:19 Unique

‫ישׁע‬ ָ ‫ת־א ִל‬ ֱ ‫ֶא‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with a cj. in v. 16. 19:19

Unique 19:19

Unique

‫ים־ﬠ ָשׂר ְצ ָמ ִדים‬ ָ ֵ‫ְשׁנ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫ְבּ ְשׁנֵ ים ֶה ָﬠ ָשׂר‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence without this prep. (‫ ) ְשׁנֵ ים ֶה ָﬠ ָשׂר‬at Josh 4:4.

378

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 19:20

‫אמר ֙לוֹ ֵל֣� ֔שׁוּב ִ ֥כּי‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וּל ִא ִ֔מּי וְ ֵא ְל ָ ֖כה ַא ֲח ֶ ֑רי� וַ ֤יּ‬ ְ ‫אמר ֶא ְשּׁ ָקה־נָּ ֙א ְל ָא ִ ֣בי‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ת־ה ָבּ ָ ֗קר וַ ָ֨יּ ָר ֙ץ ַא ֲח ֵ ֣רי ֵ ֽא ִל ָ֔יּהוּ וַ ֗יּ‬ ַ ‫וַ יַּ ֲﬠ ֹ֣זב ֶא‬ ‫יתי ָ ֽל�׃‬ ִ ‫ה־ﬠ ִ ֖שׂ‬ ָ ‫ֶמ‬ 19:20 Unique

‫ֶא ְשּׁ ָקה־נָּ א‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 19:21 �‫אכ֑לוּ וַ ָ֗יּ ָקם וַ יֵּ ֶ֛ל‬ ֵ ֹ ‫וּב ְכ ִ ֤לי ַה ָבּ ָק ֙ר ִבּ ְשּׁ ָל֣ם ַה ָבּ ָ֔שׂר וַ יִּ ֵ ֥תּן ָל ָ ֖ﬠם וַ יּ‬ ִ ‫ת־צ ֶ֧מד ַה ָבּ ָ ֣ קר וַ יִּ זְ ָבּ ֵ֗חהוּ‬ ֶ ‫וַ ָ֨יּ ָשׁב ֵמ ַא ֲח ָ ֜ריו וַ יִּ ַ ֣קּח ֶא‬ ‫ַא ֲח ֵ ֥רי ֵא ִליָּ ֖הוּ וַ יְ ָשׁ ְר ֵ ֽתהוּ׃ פ‬ 19:21 Unique 19:21

Unique 19:21

Unique

‫וַ יִּ זְ ָבּ ֵחהוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫וּב ְכ ִלי ַה ָבּ ָקר‬ ִ ‫̇ל‬ ‫ִבּ ְשּׁ ָלם‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp Mp

Com.: A similar form without the daḡeš in the ‫ שׁ‬occurs in Ezra 4:7 (‫)בּ ְשׁ ָלם‬, ִ and there the Mp heading reads twice. Apart from the daḡeš, the two forms differ in meaning. Here the form is a verb he boiled them, whereas at Ezra 4:7 it is a personal name Bishlam. Both MC and MA also read here unique. 19:21

Unique

‫וַ יְ ָשׁ ְר ֵתהוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the sfx. attached, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫ )וַ יְ ָשׁ ֵרת אֹתוֹ( אֹתוֹ‬at Gen 39:4.

1 KINGS

379

1 KINGS 20:1 ‫וּשׁ ַנ֥ יִ ם ֶ ֛מ ֶל� ִא ֖תּוֹ וְ ֣סוּס וָ ָ ֑ר ֶכב וַ ַ֗יּ ַﬠל וַ ָ֨יּ ַצ ֙ר ַﬠל־ ֣שׁ ֹ ְמ ֔רוֹן‬ ְ ‫�שׁים‬ ִ֨ ‫וּשׁ‬ ְ ‫ל־ח ֔ילוֹ‬ ֵ ‫ת־כּ‬ ָ ‫�־א ָ ֗רם ָק ַב ֙ץ ֶא‬ ֲ ‫ן־ה ַ ֣דד ֶ ֽמ ֶל‬ ֲ ‫וּב‬ ֶ ‫וַ יִּ ָלּ ֶ֖חם ָ ֽבּהּ׃‬ 20:1

‫וּשׁנַ יִ ם‬ ְ ‫�שׁים‬ ִ ‫וּשׁ‬ ְ

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of word pairs occurring only once where both parts of the pair have a ‫ ו‬cj.; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §253.

1 KINGS 20:2 ‫ל־א ְח ָ ֥אב ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ָה ִ ֽﬠ ָירה׃‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַל֧ח ַמ ְל ָא ִ ֛כים ֶא‬ 20:2

‫ָה ִﬠ ָירה‬

Nine times

‫̇ט‬

Com.: See Josh 6:20.

Mp

1 KINGS 20:3 ‫י־הם׃‬ ֽ ֵ ‫טּוֹבים ִל‬ ֖ ִ ‫וּב ֶנ֛י� ַה‬ ָ �‫י־הוּא וְ נָ ֶ ֧שׁי‬ ֑ ‫ן־ה ַ ֔דד ַכּ ְס ְפּ�֥ וּֽ זְ ָה ְב�֖ ִ ֽל‬ ֲ ‫אמר ֗לוֹ ֹ֚כּה ָא ַ ֣מר ֶבּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ 20:3

�‫וְ נָ ֶשׁי‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:3; 20:5

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its four occurrences without a cj.; see 2 Sam 12:11

20:3

‫ֵהם‬

Twelve times at the end of a verse Com.: See Judg 8:24.

‫פסוק‬ ̇ ‫סופ‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ב‬

Mp

‫‪380‬‬

‫‪THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML‬‬ ‫‪1 KINGS 20:5‬‬

‫וּב ֶנ֖י� ִ ֥לי‬ ‫מר ַכּ ְס ְפּ�֧ וּזְ ָה ְב�֛ וְ נָ ֶ ֥שׁי� ָ‬ ‫י־שׁ ַל ְ֤ח ִתּי ֵא ֨ ֶל ֙י� ֵלא ֔ ֹ‬ ‫מר ִ ֽכּ ָ‬ ‫ן־ה ַ ֖דד ֵלא ֑ ֹ‬ ‫ה־א ַ ֥מר ֶבּ ֲ‬ ‫אמ ֔רוּ ֽכֹּ ָ‬ ‫בוּ ַה ַמּ ְל ָא ִ֔כים וַ ֣יּ ֹ ְ‬ ‫וַ יָּ ֻ֨שׁ ֙‬ ‫ִת ֵ ֽתּן׃‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫וְ נָ ֶשׁי�‬

‫‪20:5‬‬

‫̇ב‬

‫‪Twice‬‬

‫ִלי ִת ֵתּן‬

‫‪20:5‬‬

‫‪Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 20:3.‬‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Unique‬‬

‫̇ל‬

‫‪Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in this order, to distinguish it‬‬ ‫‪ִ ).‬תּ ֵתּן ִלי( ‪from its more numerous occurrences (8x) in the reverse order‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 20:6‬‬ ‫ל־מ ְח ַ ֣מד ֵﬠ ֔ ֶיני�‬ ‫֣ית ֔� וְ ֵ ֖את ָבּ ֵ ֣תּי ֲﬠ ָב ֶ ֑די� וְ ָהיָ ֙ה ָכּ ַ‬ ‫ת־בּ ְ‬ ‫שׂוּ ֶא ֵ‬ ‫ת־ﬠ ָב ַ ֙די ֵא ֔ ֶלי� וְ ִח ְפּ ֙‬ ‫ם־כּ ֵﬠ֣ת ָמ ָ֗חר ֶא ְשׁ ַל֤ח ֶא ֲ‬ ‫ִ ֣כּי ׀ ִא ָ‬ ‫יָ ִ ֥שׂימוּ ְביָ ָ ֖דם וְ ָל ָ ֽ קחוּ׃‬ ‫ַמ ְח ַמד ֵﬠינֶ י�‬

‫‪20:6‬‬

‫̇ב‬

‫‪Twice‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪1 Kgs 20:6; Ezek 24:16‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 20:7‬‬ ‫וּל ָבנַ ֙י‬ ‫י־שׁ ֨ ַלח ֵא ֜ ַלי ְלנָ ַ ֤שׁי ְ‬ ‫וּ־נ֣א ְוּר ֔אוּ ִ ֥כּי ָר ָ ֖ﬠה ֶז֣ה ְמ ַב ֵ ֑קּשׁ ִ ֽכּ ָ‬ ‫אמ ֙ר ְדּ ֽﬠ ָ‬ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ָ ֤רא ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ְל ָכל־זִ ְק ֵנ֣י ָה ָ֔א ֶרץ וַ ֨יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫וּל ַכ ְס ִ ֣פּי וְ ִלזְ ָה ִ֔בי וְ ֥ל ֹא ָמ ַנ ְ֖ﬠ ִתּי ִמ ֶ ֽמּנּוּ׃‬ ‫ְ‬ ‫ְל ָכל־זִ ְקנֵ י ָה ָא ֶרץ‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫̇ל‬ ‫וּל ַכ ְס ִפּי‬ ‫ְ‬ ‫̇ל‬

‫‪20:7‬‬ ‫‪Unique‬‬ ‫‪20:7‬‬

‫‪Unique‬‬

1 KINGS 20:7

‫וְ ִלזְ ָה ִבי‬

Unique 20:7

‫̇ל‬

381

Mp

‫וְ לֹא ָמנַ ְﬠ ִתּי‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence without a cj. at Qoh 2:10.

1 KINGS 20:8 ‫ֹאבה׃‬ ֽ ֶ ‫ל־תּ ְשׁ ַ ֖מע וְ ל֥ וֹא ת‬ ִ ‫ל־ה ָ ֑ﬠם ַא‬ ָ ‫ל־הזְּ ֵק ִנ֖ים וְ ָכ‬ ַ ‫אמ ֥רוּ ֵא ָל֛יו ָכּ‬ ְ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ 20:8

‫וְ לוֹא‬

Thirty-five times plene

Com.: See 1 Sam 19:4.

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל ̇ה‬

Mp

1 KINGS 20:9 ‫ל־ﬠ ְב ְדּ�֤ ָב ִ ֽראשׁ ֹנָ ֙ה ֶא ֱﬠ ֶ֔שׂה וְ ַה ָדּ ָ ֣בר ַה ֶ֔זּה‬ ַ ‫ר־שׁ ֨ ַל ְח ָתּ ֶא‬ ָ ‫ן־ה ַ ֗דד ִא ְמ ֞רוּ ַ ֽלאד ִֹנ֤י ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� כֹּ ֩ל ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֲ ‫אמר ְל ַמ ְל ֲא ֵכ֣י ֶב‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֜יּ‬ ‫כוּ ַה ַמּ ְל ָא ִ֔כים וַ יְ ִשׁ ֻ ֖בהוּ ָדּ ָ ֽבר׃‬ ֙ ‫אוּכל ַל ֲﬠ ֑שׂוֹת וַ יֵּ ְֽל‬ ֖ ַ ‫֥ל ֹא‬ 20:9

‫ָב ִראשׁ ֹנָ ה‬

Twenty-two times

‫̇כ ̇ב‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 7:10. 20:9

‫וְ ַה ָדּ ָבר‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 20:23. 20:9

‫וַ יְ ִשׁ ֻבהוּ‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 17:30.

Mp

382

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 20:10

‫ל־ה ָ ֖ﬠם‬ ָ ‫יוֹספוּ ִאם־יִ ְשׂפּ ֹ֙ק ֲﬠ ַפ֣ר שׁ ְֹמ ֔רוֹן ִל ְשׁ ָﬠ ֕ ִלים ְל ָכ‬ ֑ ִ ‫�הים וְ ֣כֹה‬ ֖ ִ ‫אמר ֽכֹּה־יַ ֲﬠ ֥שׂוּן ִ ֛לי ֱא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ן־ה ַ ֔דד וַ ֕יּ‬ ֲ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַל֤ח ֵא ָל ֙יו ֶבּ‬ ‫ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ְבּ ַרגְ ָ ֽלי׃‬ 20:10

‫�הים‬ ִ ‫ִלי ֱא‬

Eleven times

‫י̇ ̇א‬

Com.: See Judg 1:7. 20:10

Mp

‫יוֹספוּ‬ ִ

Four times written like this

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Deut 13:12; 1 Kgs 20:10; Hos 13:2; Lam 4:15*

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma written defective second ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences written plene second ‫)יוֹסיפוּ( י‬. ִ

* ML, contrary to M (‫)יוֹספוּ‬, ִ writes the form at Lam 4:15 plene second ‫;)יוֹסיפוּ( י‬ ִ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 315. However, the two Mp headings highlighted above and the Mm at Hos 13:2 read four times written like this (e.g., defective ‫)י‬, thus supporting the enumeration inherent in the text of M. 20:10

‫יִ ְשׂפֹּק‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:10; Job 27:23; 34:37 (‫*)יִ ְשׂפּוֹק‬ ——————————

‫ יִ ְשׂפֹּק‬three times, twice defective and once plene, and their references 1 Kgs 20:20 Job 27:23 Job 34:37

‫מל וסימנהון‬ ̇ ‫וא‬ ̇ ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫ישפק ̇ג ̇ב‬

‫אם ישפק עפר שמרון‬ ‫ישפק עלימו כפימו‬ ‫כי יסיף על חטאתו פשע‬

And once (‫)וַ יִּ ְס ֹפּק‬: Num 24:10 [‫וחד )וישפק( ]ויספק‬ Unique defective ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫את כפיו ̇ל‬

Mm

1 KINGS

383

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, twice written defective ‫( ו‬1 Kgs 20:10 and Job 27:23), and once written plene ‫( ו‬Job 34:37). * ML, contra M (‫ )יִ ְשׂפּוֹק‬writes the form at Job 34:37 with a ‫ ;)יִ ְספּוֹק( ס‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 300. The additional note to the Num 24:10 reference is inexact since there is no plene form of ‫וַ יִּ ְס ֹפּק‬. The note should have read unique and defective, or unique written ‫ס‬ (‫כת ס‬ ̇ ‫) ̇ל‬.

1 KINGS 20:11 ‫אמר ַדּ ְבּ ֔רוּ ַאל־יִ ְת ַה ֵ ֥לּל ח ֵֹג֖ר ִכּ ְמ ַפ ֵ ֽתּ ַ�׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֤ﬠן ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ וַ ֣יּ‬ 20:11

‫חֹגֵ ר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:11; 2 Kgs 3:21

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma pointed this way (ptcp.), to distinguish them from its two occurrences pointed as an imper. (‫)חגֹר‬ ֲ at 2 Kgs 4:29 and 9:1. 20:11

Unique

�ַ ‫ִכּ ְמ ַפ ֵתּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫כ‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence without this preposition (�ַ ‫)מ ַפ ֵתּ‬ ְ at Zech 3:9.

1 KINGS 20:12 ‫ל־ה ִ ֽﬠיר׃‬ ָ ‫ל־ﬠ ָב ָד ֙יו ִ֔שׂימוּ וַ יָּ ִ ֖שׂימוּ ַﬠ‬ ֲ ‫אמר ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ת־ה ָדּ ָ ֣בר ַה ֶ֔זּה וְ ֥הוּא שׁ ֶ ֹ֛תה ֥הוּא וְ ַה ְמּ ָל ִ ֖כים ַבּ ֻסּ ֑כּוֹת וַ ֤יּ‬ ַ ‫מ ַ ֙� ֶא‬ ֹ ֨ ‫וַ יְ ִ֗הי ִכּ ְשׁ‬ 20:12

‫וְ הוּא‬1

Seven verses that have the sequence ‫הוּא‬...‫וְ הוּא‬

[‫פסוק והוא )והוא( ]הוא‬ ̇ ̇‫ז‬

1–5 Judg 3:24; 1 Sam 16:12; 28:14; 2 Sam 19:33; 1 Kgs 20:12 6–8 Hos 8:6; Hab 1:10; 2 Chr 22:9 ——————————

Mp

384

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Seven verses that have the sequence ‫הוּא‬...‫וְ הוּא‬ 1–5 Judg 3:24 1 Sam 16:12 Hos 8:6 2 Sam 19:33 1 Sam 28:14 6–8 1 Kgs 20:12 Hab 1:10 2 Chr 22:9

(= ‫)יָ ָצא‬ (= ‫)אַדמוֹנִ י‬ ְ (= ‫)ח ָרשׁ‬ ָ (= ‫)וּב ְרזִ ַלּי‬ ַ (= ) (= ‫)שׁ ֶֹתה‬ (= ‫)יִ ְת ַק ָלּס‬ (= ‫)מ ְת ַח ֵבּא‬ ִ

[‫ז̇ פסוק אית בהון והוא )והוא( ]הוא‬

Mm

‫ונפק‬ ‫אדומייא‬ ‫ואומן‬ ‫ברזלי‬ ‫וישראל‬ ‫שתה‬ ‫ומקל‬ ‫ומטמר‬

Com.: The Mp and Mm headings here of seven verses is incorrect since there are eight occurrences of this lemma that have the sequence ‫הוּא‬...‫וְ הוּא‬.

In the Mp and the Mm headings here, and in the Mp heading at 2 Chr 22:9 the note has mistakenly been written as ‫והוא והוא‬. As far as the heading here is concerned, the mistake probably arose because on the very same folio that the lemma ‫ וְ הוּא הוּא‬appears (fol. 199v), there is also a verse in which the combination ‫ וְ הוּא וְ הוּא‬appears (1 Kgs 19:19). The Mp in MC at 1 Kgs 20:12 has the correct reading, as does Frensdorff, Ochlah, §341.

The catchwords in the Mm are given in the form of an Aramaic mnemonic “the ruddy one went out and the craftsman Barzillai, and Israel drinks, curses, and hides”; see Marcus, Scribal Wit, 76–78.

The catchword ‫ וישראל‬has no correspondence with any word in 1 Sam 28:14; see ibid, 77. Both MC and MA correctly read here eight verses with the sequence ‫הוּא‬...‫וְ הוּא‬.

In ML this lemma has no circellus and the note is written further down the column. 20:12

‫ל־ה ִﬠיר‬ ָ ‫ַﬠ‬

Seventeen times

̇‫י̇ ז‬

Com.: See Judg 9:33.

Mp

‫‪1 KINGS‬‬

‫‪385‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 20:14‬‬ ‫אמר ָ ֽא ָתּה׃‬ ‫אמר ִ ֽמי־יֶ ְא ֥סֹר ַה ִמּ ְל ָח ָ ֖מה וַ ֥יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫הוה ְבּנַ ֲﬠ ֵ ֖רי ָשׂ ֵ ֣רי ַה ְמּ ִדינ֑ וֹת וַ ֛יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫ה־א ַ ֣מר יְ ָ֔‬ ‫אמ ֙ר ֽכֹּ ָ‬ ‫אמר ַא ְח ָא ֙ב ְבּ ִ֔מי וַ ֨יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫וַ ֤יּ ֹ ֶ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪Mm‬‬

‫אמר‬ ‫‪1‬וַ יּ ֹ ֶ‬

‫פסוק אית בהון ̇ד ויאמר‬ ‫̇‬ ‫̇ב‬

‫‪20:14‬‬

‫אמר ‪Two verses that have four occurrences of‬‬ ‫וַ יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫‪Gen 22:7; 1 Kgs 20:14‬‬

‫——————————‬

‫̇ב פסוקין אית בהון ̇ד ויאמר‬

‫אמר ‪Two verses that have four occurrences of‬‬ ‫וַ יּ ֹ ֶ‬ ‫)צצחק( ]יצחק[ אל אברהם‬ ‫ויאמר אחאב‬

‫‪Gen 22:7‬‬ ‫‪1 Kgs 20:14‬‬

‫אמר ‪Com.: The Masorah notes the two verses that have four occurrences of‬‬ ‫‪.‬וַ יּ ֹ ֶ‬

‫‪This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 200r, but the Mm note appears on the bottom of the‬‬ ‫‪preceding folio 199v.‬‬

‫‪1 KINGS 20:15‬‬ ‫ל־בּ ֵנ֥י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל‬ ‫ת־כּל־ ָה ָ ֛ﬠם ָכּ ְ‬ ‫יהם ָפּ ַ ֧ קד ֶא ָ‬ ‫�שׁים וְ ַא ֲח ֵר ֶ֗‬ ‫וּשׁ ִ ֑‬ ‫אתיִ ם ְשׁ ַנ֣ יִ ם ְ‬ ‫וַ יִּ ְפ ֗קֹד ֶ ֽאת־נַ ֲﬠ ֵ ֙רי ָשׂ ֵ ֣רי ַה ְמּ ִדינ֔ וֹת וַ יִּ ְהי֕ וּ ָמ ַ ֖‬ ‫ִשׁ ְב ַ ֥ﬠת ֲא ָל ִ ֽפים׃‬ ‫�שׁים‬ ‫וּשׁ ִ‬ ‫אתיִ ם ְשׁנַ יִ ם ְ‬ ‫ָמ ַ‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪20:15‬‬ ‫‪Unique‬‬

‫̇ל‬

‫‪1 KINGS 20:16‬‬ ‫ים־וּשׁ ַנ֥ יִ ם ֶ ֖מ ֶל� ע ֵֹז֥ר א ֹֽתוֹ׃‬ ‫ְ‬ ‫�שׁ‬ ‫ן־ה ַדד֩ שׁ ֶֹ֨תה ִשׁ ֜כּוֹר ַבּ ֻסּ ֗כּוֹת ֧הוּא וְ ַה ְמּ ָל ִ ֛כים ְשׁ ִ ֽ‬ ‫וּב ֲ‬ ‫וַ יֵּ ְצ ֖אוּ ַ ֽבּ ָצּ ֳה ָ ֑ריִ ם ֶ‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ַבּ ָצּ ֳה ָריִ ם‬ ‫י̇ ̇א‬

‫‪20:16‬‬

‫‪Eleven times‬‬

‫‪Com.: See 1 Kgs 18:27.‬‬

386

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 20:17 ‫מר ֲאנָ ִ֕שׁים יָ ְצ ֖אוּ ִמשּׁ ְֹמ ֽרוֹן׃‬ ֹ ֔ ‫ן־ה ַ ֗דד וַ יַּ ִגּ֤ידוּ ֙לוֹ ֵלא‬ ֲ ‫וַ יֵּ ְצ ֗אוּ נַ ֲﬠ ֵ ֛רי ָשׂ ֵ ֥רי ַה ְמּ ִדינ֖ וֹת ָבּ ִ ֽראשׁ ָֹנ֑ה וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַל֣ח ֶבּ‬

20:17

‫ָב ִראשׁ ֹנָ ה‬

Twenty-two times

‫̇כ ̇ב‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 7:10. 20:17

‫יָ ְצאוּ‬

Eight times

Mp

Mp

‫̇ח‬

Com.: The Mp heading here of eight times is incorrect since there are thirty-five occurrences of this lemma. It seems this note belongs with the pausal form, which only occurs eight times, see below at v. 18. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 20:18 ‫ם־ל ָשׁל֥ וֹם יָ ָ ֖צאוּ ִתּ ְפ ֣שׂוּם ַחיִּ ֑ים וְ ִ ֧אם ְל ִמ ְל ָח ָ ֛מה יָ ָ ֖צאוּ ַחיִּ ֥ים ִתּ ְפ ֽשׂוּם׃‬ ְ ‫אמר ִא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֛יּ‬ 20:18

‫ְל ִמ ְל ָח ָמה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:18; Jer 28:8

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with the indef. prep., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (69x) with the def. prep. (‫)ל ִמּ ְל ָח ָמה‬. ַ

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets that commence with ‫ ְ;ל‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §29, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §30. In ML the numeral ‫ ב‬has been written over another number, possibly a ‫ה‬.

1 KINGS 20:18 Eight times

‫יָ ָצאוּ‬2 ‫̇ח‬

387

Mp

1–5 Josh 2:5; 1 Sam 14:41; 1 Kgs 20:18a; 1 Kgs 20:18b; Isa 48:1 6–8 Jer 9:2; Ezek 15:7; 36:20 ——————————

‫ יָ ָצאוּ‬eight times, and their references 1–5 Josh 2:5 1 Sam 14:41 1 Kgs 20:18a Twice in it (1 Kgs 20:18b) Isa 48:1 6–8 Jer 9:2 Ezek 15:7 Ezek 36:20

‫יצאו ̇ח וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫השער‬ ‫שאול‬ ‫לשלום‬ ‫̇ב בו‬ ‫הנקראים‬ ‫וידרכו‬ ‫מהאש‬ ‫ומארצו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the eight occurrences of this pausal form with qameṣ, to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (35x) of the non-pausal form (‫)יָ ְצאוּ‬, two of which occur in this chapter at vv. 17 and 19. This distinction is implied in the Mp heading at Ezek 36:20 which reads eight times with qameṣ (‫)ח‬, ָ to distinguish these references from forms with a šəwâ (‫)יָ ְצאוּ‬. In ML the numeral ‫ ח‬has been written over an original ‫ ג‬possibly influenced by the occurrence of a ‫ ג‬with the following lemma ‫ ִתּ ְפשׂוּם‬2. 20:18

Three times

‫ ִתּ ְפשׂוּם‬2 ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:18a; 20:18b; 2 Kgs 10:14 ——————————

‫ ִתּ ְפשׂוּם‬three times, and their references

1 Kgs 20:18a Twice in it (1 Kgs 20:18b) 2 Kgs 10:14

‫תפשום ̇ג וסימנהון‬

‫ויאמר אם לשלום‬ ‫̇ב בו‬ ‫ויאמר תפשום חיים‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the masc. pl. sfx., to distinguish them from its sole occurrence without this sfx. (‫)תּ ְפשׂוּ‬ ִ at 1 Kgs 18:40.

388

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 20:19 ‫יהם׃‬ ֽ ֶ ‫ן־ה ֔ ִﬠיר נַ ֲﬠ ֵ ֖רי ָשׂ ֵ ֣רי ַה ְמּ ִדינ֑ וֹת וְ ַה ַ ֖חיִ ל ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ַא ֲח ֵר‬ ָ ‫וְ ֵ֨א ֶלּ ֙ה יָ ְצ ֣אוּ ִמ‬

20:19

‫וְ ֵא ֶלּה יָ ְצאוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Josh 8:22; 1 Kgs 20:19

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with the prep. ‫ ) ֵמ ֵא ֶלּה יָ ְצאוּ( מ‬at 1 Chr 2:53. 20:19

‫וְ ַה ַחיִ ל‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 17:20.

1 KINGS 20:20 ‫ל־סוּס וּ ָפ ָר ִ ֽשׁים׃‬ ֖ ‫ן־ה ַד ֙ד ֶ ֣מ ֶל� ֲא ָ ֔רם ַﬠ‬ ֲ ‫ישׁוֹ וַ יָּ ֻנ֣סוּ ֲא ָ ֔רם ַוֽ יִּ ְר ְדּ ֵ ֖פם יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל וַ יִּ ָמּ ֗ ֵלט ֶבּ‬ ֔ ‫כּוּ ִ ֣אישׁ ִא‬ ֙ ַ‫וַ יּ‬ 20:20 Unique 20:20

Unique

‫ִאישׁ ִאישׁוֹ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫וַ יָּ נֻ סוּ ֲא ָרם‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ֲא ָרם‬with a pl. verb, to distinguish it from its two occurrences with a sg. verb (‫ )וַ יָּ נָ ס ֲא ָרם‬at 2 Sam 10:18 and 1 Chr 19:18. 20:20

Unique

‫וַ יִּ ְר ְדּ ֵפם יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

In ML the numeral ‫ ל‬has been written over an original ‫ג‬. 20:20

Unique

‫וּפ ָר ִשׁים‬ ָ ‫סוּס‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

389

1 KINGS 20:21 ‫דוֹלה׃‬ ֽ ָ ְ‫ת־ה ָ ֑ר ֶכב וְ ִה ָ ֥כּה ַב ֲא ָ ֖רם ַמ ָ ֥כּה ג‬ ָ ‫ת־ה ֖סּוּס וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫וַ יֵּ ֵצ ֙א ֶ ֣מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וַ יַּ ֥ � ֶא‬ 20:21 Unique

‫ת־ה ָר ֶכב‬ ָ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without a cj. at Exod 14:28 and 1 Kgs 22:38.

1 KINGS 20:22 �‫שׁוּבת ַה ָשּׁ ֔ ָנה ֶ ֥מ ֶל‬ ֣ ַ ‫ר־תּ ֲﬠ ֶ ֑שׂה ִ ֚כּי ִל ְת‬ ַ ‫אמר ֙לוֹ ֵל֣� ִה ְת ַח ַ֔זּק וְ ַ ֥דע ְוּר ֵ ֖אה ֵ ֣את ֲא ֶ ֽשׁ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ל־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וַ ֤יּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫יא ֶא‬ ֙ ‫וַ יִּ ַגּ֤שׁ ַהנָּ ִב‬ ‫ֲא ָ ֖רם ע ֶ ֹ֥לה ָﬠ ֶ ֽלי�׃ ס‬ 20:22 Unique

‫וְ ַדע ְוּר ֵאה‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of word pairs occurring only once where both parts of the pair have a ‫ ו‬cj.; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §253.

1 KINGS 20:23 ‫ם־ל ֹא‬ ֥ ‫ישׁוֹר ִא‬ ֔ ‫אוּלם נִ ָלּ ֵ ֤חם ִא ָתּ ֙ם ַבּ ִמּ‬ ָ ֗ ְ‫ל־כּ֖ן ָחזְ ֣קוּ ִמ ֶ ֑מּנּוּ ו‬ ֵ ‫יהם ַﬠ‬ ֶ֔ ‫ים ֱא�֣ ֵה‬ ֙ ‫�הי ָה ִר‬ ֤ ֵ ‫�־א ָ ֜רם ָא ְמ ֣רוּ ֵא ֗ ָליו ֱא‬ ֲ ‫וְ ַﬠ ְב ֵ ֨די ֶ ֽמ ֶל‬ ‫נֶ ֱח ַז֖ק ֵמ ֶ ֽהם׃‬ 20:23

‫ָחזְ קוּ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Josh 17:13; 1 Kgs 20:23; Mal 3:13 —————————— ‫ ָחזְ קוּ‬three times Josh 17:13 1 Kgs 20:23 Mal 3:13

‫חזקו ̇ג‬

Mm

‫ויהי כי חזקו בני ישראל‬ ‫ועבדי מלך ארם‬ ‫חזקו עלי דבריכם‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ח‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (12x) with a ḥîreq (‫ ִחזְּ קוּ‬/‫) ִחזְ קוּ‬.

390 20:23

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ִא ָתּם‬

Thirty-seven times

Mp

̇‫̇לז‬

Com.: See Judg 20:20. 20:23

‫ַבּ ִמּישׁוֹר‬

‫ ַבּ ִמּישׁוֹר‬ten times plene, and their references 1–5 1 Kgs 20:23 1 Kgs 20:25 Isa 11:4 Isa 40:4 Isa 42:16 6–10 Mal 2:6 Ps 26:12 Ps 27:11 Ps 143:10 2 Chr 26:10

‫מל וסימנהון‬ ̇ ̇‫במישור י‬

Mm

‫ועבדי מלך ארם‬ ‫ואתה תמנה לך חיל‬ ‫ושפט בצדק דלים‬ ‫כל גיא ינשא וכל הר‬ ‫והולכתי עורים‬ ‫תורת אמת היתה בפיהו‬ ‫רגלי עמדה‬ ‫ונחני‬ ‫רוחך טובה‬ ‫ויבן מגדלים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the ten occurrences of this lemma in various forms written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its thirteen occurrences in various forms written defective ‫( ו‬e.g., ‫) ִמישׁ ֹר‬.

1 KINGS 20:24 ‫יהם׃‬ ֽ ֶ ‫ים ִ ֣אישׁ ִמ ְמּק ֹ֔מוֹ וְ ִ ֥שׂים ַפּ ֖חוֹת ַתּ ְח ֵתּ‬ ֙ ‫ת־ה ָדּ ָ ֥בר ַה ֶזּ֖ה ֲﬠ ֵ ֑שׂה ָה ֵ ֤סר ַה ְמּ ָל ִכ‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬ 20:24

‫ת־ה ָדּ ָבר‬ ַ ‫וְ ֶא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:24; Jer 42:3

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (65x) without a cj.

20:24

‫ִמ ְמּקֹמוֹ‬

Six times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Judg 20:33; 1 Kgs 20:24; Jer 4:7; Ezra 1:4 (‫;)מקֹמוֹ‬ ְ 1 Chr 16:27 (‫)בּ ְמקֹמוֹ‬ ִ 6 2 Chr 24:11

1 KINGS

391

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma in various forms written defective first ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (23x) in various forms written plene first ‫( ו‬e.g., ‫)מקוֹמוֹ‬. ְ This enumeration does not include occurrences of this lemma in the Torah and Job, nor occurrences of ‫ל ְמקֹמוֹ‬.ִ

The Mp heading at 1 Chr 16:27 most expansively reads six times defective, and similarly all the Torah and all Job apart from two (Job 20:9 and 37:1).

1 KINGS 20:25 ‫ם־ל ֹא‬ ֥ ‫ישׁוֹר ִא‬ ֔ ‫אוֹת ֙ם ַבּ ִמּ‬ ָ ‫אוֹת� וְ ֣סוּס ַכּ ֣סּוּס ׀ וְ ֶ ֣ר ֶכב ָכּ ֶ ֗ר ֶכב וְ ִ ֽנ ָלּ ֲח ָ ֤מה‬ ָ֜ ‫ה־ל�֣ ׀ ַ֡חיִ ל ַכּ ַחיִ ֩ל ַהנּ ֨ ֵֹפל ֵמ‬ ְ ֶ‫וְ ַא ָ ֣תּה ִ ֽת ְמנ‬ ‫נֶ ֱח ַז֖ק ֵמ ֶ ֑הם וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֥מע ְלק ָ ֹ֖לם וַ יַּ ַ֥ﬠשׂ ֵ ֽכּן׃ פ‬ 20:25

‫ִת ְמנֶ ה‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

20:25

‫ַכּ ַחיִ ל‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma pointed with a səḡôl (you will count), to distinguish it from its two occurrences with a qameṣ (‫ ִת ְמנָ ה‬, Timnah) at Josh 15:10 and 2 Chr 28:18. Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words beginning with ‫ כ‬that only occur once; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §19, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §20. 20:25

�‫אוֹת‬ ָ ‫ֵמ‬

Unique plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of unique plene (‫ )ו‬is inexact since there is no occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬. The note more precisely should have read unique and plene. This lemma is featured in a Mm at Jer 19:10 sub �‫אוֹת‬ ָ listing the nine occurrences of forms this lemma written plene ‫ ו‬that are masculine; see also 1 Kgs 22:24. MA correctly reads here unique, whereas MC has no note.

392 20:25

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וְ נִ ָלּ ֲח ָמה‬

‫ וְ נִ ָלּ ֲח ָמה‬four times

Judg 1:3 Judg 11:6 1 Sam 17:10 1 Kgs 20:25

‫ונלחמה ̇ד‬

Mm

[‫עלה אתי )בגרלי( ]בגורלי‬ ‫בבני עמון‬ ‫תנו לי איש‬ ‫במישור‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma in the cohortative, to distinguish them from its five occurrences in the perf. consec. (‫)וְ נִ ְל ַחם‬. 20:25

‫אוֹתם‬ ָ

Nine times plene in the book

‫מל בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 20;25; 2 Kgs 3:10; 3:13; 2 Kgs 6:16; 6:19 6–9 2 Kgs 6:21; 10:6; 17:6*; 17:26

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences of this lemma in the book written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (23x) in the book written defective ‫ו‬ (‫א ָתם‬ ֹ ).

* ML, contrary to M (‫)אוֹתם‬, ָ has only eight occurrences of this lemma since it writes 2 Kgs 17:6 defective ‫ ;)א ָֹתם( ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 129. However, all the above highlighted Mp headings read nine times plene in the book, thus supporting the enumeration inherent in the text of M.

1 KINGS 20:26 ‫ת־א ָ ֑רם וַ יַּ ַ֣ﬠל ֲא ֔ ֵפ ָקה ַל ִמּ ְל ָח ָ ֖מה ִﬠם־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֲ ‫ן־ה ַ ֖דד ֶא‬ ֲ ‫שׁוּבת ַה ָשּׁ ֔ ָנה וַ יִּ ְפ ֥קֹד ֶבּ‬ ֣ ַ ‫הי ִל ְת‬ ֙ ִ ְ‫ַוֽ י‬ 20:26 Five times

‫ֲא ֵפ ָקה‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Josh 13:4; 15:53 (‫ ;)וַ ֲא ֵפ ָקה‬1 Sam 29:1; 1 Kgs 20:26; 20:30 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ ֲא ֵפ ָקה‬five times

1–5 Josh 13:4 1 Sam 29:1 1 Kgs 20:26 1 Kgs 20:30 Josh 15:53

‫אפקה ̇ה‬

393

Mm

‫מתימן כל ארץ‬ ‫ויקבצו פלשתים‬ ‫לתשובת‬ ‫וינסו הנותרים‬ ‫וינים ובית תפוח‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence without this adverbial ending (‫)א ֵפק‬ ֲ at Josh 12:18.

The Mp and Mm headings at Josh 13:4 reads four times, and the Mm list there only includes the form with a ‫ ו‬cj. at Josh 15:53 as an addendum (and once ‫)וַ ֲא ֵפ ָקה‬. The catchword ‫ וינים‬for the Josh 15:53 reference is written in its kəṯîḇ form, though usually the qərê form (‫ )וְ יָ נוּם‬is cited.

1 KINGS 20:27 ‫אתם וַ יַּ ֲחנ֨ וּ ְב ֵנֽי־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֜אל נֶ גְ ָ ֗דּם ִכּ ְשׁנֵ ֙י ֲח ִשׂ ֵפ֣י ִﬠ ִ֔זּים וַ ֲא ָ ֖רם ִמ ְל ֥אוּ ֶאת־‬ ֑ ָ ‫דוּ וְ ָכ ְל ְכּ ֔לוּ וַ יֵּ ְל ֖כוּ ִל ְק ָר‬ ֙ ‫וּב ֵנ֣י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֗אל ָה ְת ָפּ ְק‬ ְ ‫ָה ָ ֽא ֶרץ׃‬ 20:27

‫ָה ְת ָפּ ְקדוּ‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Num 1:47; 2:33; 26:62; 1 Kgs 20:27 ——————————

‫ ָה ְת ָפּ ְקדוּ‬four times, and their references

Num 1:47 Num 2:33 Num 26:62 1 Kgs 20:27

‫התפקדו ̇ד וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫והלוים‬ ‫והלוים‬ [‫ויהיו )פקודיהם( ]פקדיהם‬ ‫ובני ישראל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ ה‬to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a ḥîreq (‫)ה ְת ָפּ ְקדוּ‬ ִ at Judg 20:15 and 20:17.

This distinction is implied in the heading of the Mp at Num 2:33 (‫)ד‬, ָ which reads four times with qameṣ, thereby assuming a contrast with a form with a different vowel under the ‫ ה‬which can only be a ḥîreq.

394 20:27 Unique 20:27

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫וְ ָכ ְל ְכּלוּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

‫ֲח ִשׂ ֵפי‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫י‬.

1 KINGS 20:29 ‫ת־א ָ ֛רם‬ ֲ ‫יﬠי וַ ִתּ ְק ַר ֙ב ַה ִמּ ְל ָח ָ֔מה וַ יַּ ֨כּוּ ְב ֵנֽי־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֧אל ֶא‬ ִ ֗ ‫ַוֽ יַּ ֲחנ֧ וּ ֵ ֦א ֶלּה ֹ֥נ ַכח ֵ ֖א ֶלּה ִשׁ ְב ַﬠ֣ת יָ ִ ֑מים וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ׀ ַבּיּ֣ וֹם ַה ְשּׁ ִב‬ ‫ה־א ֶלף ַרגְ ִ ֖לי ְבּי֥ וֹם ֶא ָ ֽחד׃‬ ֥ ֶ ‫ֵמ ָא‬ 20:29

‫וַ יַּ ֲחנ֧ וּ ֵ ֦א ֶלּה‬

Fourteen times with the accents (dargâ and mêrəḵâ kəṕulâ)

‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the fourteen occurrences of words containing the accents dargâ and mêrəḵâ kəṕulâ; see 1 Kgs 10:3.

1 KINGS 20:30 ‫ן־ה ַ ֣דד ֔ ָנס‬ ֲ ‫וּב‬ ֶ ‫נּוֹת ִ ֑רים‬ ָ ‫ל־ﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֨רים וְ ִשׁ ְב ָ ֥ﬠה ֶ ֛א ֶלף ִ ֖אישׁ ַה‬ ֶ ‫חוֹמה ַﬠ‬ ָ֔ ‫ל־ה ִﬠיר֒ וַ ִתּפֹּל֙ ַה‬ ָ ‫נּוֹת ִ ֥רים ׀ ֲא ֵפ ָק ֮ה ֶא‬ ָ ‫וַ יָּ ֨ ֻנסוּ ַה‬ ‫ל־ה ִ ֖ﬠיר ֶ ֥ח ֶדר ְבּ ָ ֽח ֶדר׃ ס‬ ָ ‫וַ יָּ ֥ב ֹא ֶא‬ 20:30 Five times

‫ֲא ֵפ ָקה‬ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 20:26. 20:30

‫חוֹמה‬ ָ ‫ַה‬

Twice plene in the book Com.: See 1 Kgs 4:13.

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 KINGS

395

1 KINGS 20:31 ‫ימה נָּ ֩א ַשׂ ִ֨קּים ְבּ ָמ ְת ֜ ֵנינוּ‬ ָ ‫י־מ ְל ֵ ֥כי ֶ ֖ח ֶסד ֵ ֑הם נָ ִ ֣שׂ‬ ַ ‫ֽה־נ֣א ָשׁ ַ֔מ ְﬠנוּ ִ֗כּי ַמ ְל ֵ ֙כי ֵבּ֣ית יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ִ ֽכּ‬ ָ ‫אמ ֣רוּ ֵא ָל ֮יו ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו֒ ִה ֵנּ‬ ְ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ ‫אוּל֖י יְ ַחיֶּ ֥ה ֶאת־נַ ְפ ֶ ֽשׁ�׃‬ ַ ‫ל־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫אשׁנוּ וְ נֵ ֵצ ֙א ֶא‬ ֵ֗ ֹ ‫וַ ֲח ָב ִ ֣לים ְבּר‬ 20:31

‫אמרוּ ֵא ָליו ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו‬ ְ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

——————————

Beginning of the book (1 Kgs 1:2) ‫אמרוּ לוֹ ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו‬ ְ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ In 1 Kgs 20:31 ‫אמרוּ ֵא ָליו ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו‬ ְ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ And the rest ‫אמרוּ ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו ֵא ָליו‬ ְ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬

‫סיפר ויאמרו לו עבדיו‬ ̇ ‫ראש‬

Mm

‫דהנה >נא< שמענו ויאמרו אליו עבדיו‬ [‫ושאר ויאמרו )לו עבדיו( ]עבדיו אליו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three ways of expressing the notion of “courtiers speaking to a king.” The first is ‫אמרוּ לוֹ ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו‬ ְ ֹ ‫( וַ יּ‬1 Kgs 1:2, with David), the second is ‫אמרוּ ֵא ָליו ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו‬ ְ ֹ ‫( וַ יּ‬here, with Ben Hadad), and the third is ‫אמרוּ ֲﬠ ָב ָדיו ֵא ָליו‬ ְ ֹ ‫( וַ יּ‬1 Sam 28:7, with Saul, and 2 Sam 12:21, with David). This lemma occurs in the ms. in folio 200r, but the Mm note appears on the top left of the following folio 200v. 20:31

‫ֵבּית יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬

Twenty times

‫̇כ‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 12:21. 20:31

‫אשׁנוּ‬ ֵ ֹ ‫ְבר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

Josh 2:19; 1 Kgs 20:31

——————————

396

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫אשׁנוּ‬ ֵ ֹ ‫ ְבר‬twice and defective, and their references

Josh 2:19 1 Kgs 20:31

‫וחס וסימנהון‬ ̇ ‫בראשנו ̇ב‬

Mm

‫דמו בראשנו אם יד תהיה בו‬ ‫נשימה נא שקים במתנינו וחבלים בראשנו‬

Com.: By noting that the two occurrences of this lemma are both written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene. The Mp heading at Josh 2:19 reads twice and defective. 20:31

‫יְ ַחיֶּ ה‬

Seven times

Mp

̇‫ז‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 27:9.

1 KINGS 20:32 ‫י־נ֣א‬ ָ ‫ן־ה ַ ֛דד ָא ַ ֖מר ְתּ ִ ֽח‬ ֲ ‫אמ ֔רוּ ַﬠ ְב ְדּ�֧ ֶב‬ ְ ֹ ‫ל־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וַ ֣יּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫אוּ ֶא‬ ֙ ֹ‫יהם וַ יָּ ֨ב‬ ֶ֗ ‫אשׁ‬ ֵ ‫יהם וַ ֲח ָב ִ ֣לים ְבּ ָר‬ ֶ֜ ֵ‫וַ יַּ ְחגְּ רוּ֩ ַשׂ ִ֨קּים ְבּ ָמ ְתנ‬ ‫עוֹדנּוּ ַ ֖חי ָא ִ ֥חי ֽהוּא׃‬ ֥ ֶ ‫אמר ַה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫נַ ְפ ִ ֑שׁי וַ ֛יּ‬ 20:32

‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫אשׁ‬ ֵ ‫ְבּ ָר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:32; Ezek 23:15

—————————— ‫יהם‬ ֶ ‫אשׁ‬ ֵ ‫ ְבּ ָר‬twice

1 Kgs 20:32 Ezek 23:15

‫בראשיהם ̇ב‬ ‫ויחגרו שקים במתניהם‬ ‫סרוחי טבולים‬

Mm

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (13x) without this preposition. 20:32

‫ְתּ ִחי‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:32; Ps 119:175

——————————

1 KINGS ‫ ְתּ ִחי‬twice

1 Kgs 20:32 Ps 119:175

‫תחי ̇ב‬

397

Mm

‫ויאמרו עבדך בן >הדד< אמר‬ ‫תחי נפשי‬

And once (‫)וַ ְתּ ִחי‬: Gen 45:27

[‫וחד ותחי רוח )יע̇( ]יעקב‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ח‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (25x) with a ‫;)תּ ִהי( ה‬ ְ see Ginsburg, 4, ‫ח‬, §179a, and see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §18Q. The Mm additionally notes the sole occurrence of this lemma as a ‫ ו‬consec. (‫ )וַ ְתּ ִחי‬at Gen 45:27. In the heading of the Mm the ‫ ת‬of ‫ תחי‬has been written over a ‫ב‬.

This lemma is featured in three Masoretic lists. One is in a list of words of two syllables that only occur twice; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §41, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §42.

The second is in a list of doublets that occur once in the Psalms (Ps 119:175), and once in another part of the Bible (here); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §60, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah weOklah, §61.

The third is in a list of words occurring three times, twice without a ‫ו‬, and once with it; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §13, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §14. 20:32

‫עוֹדנּוּ‬ ֶ ‫ַה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Gen 43:27; 1 Kgs 20:32

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with the interrog. ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (15x) without this interrogative.

1 KINGS 20:33 ‫ן־ה ַ ֔דד‬ ֲ ‫אמר ֣בֹּאוּ ָק ֻ ֑חהוּ וַ יֵּ ֵצ֤א ֵא ָל ֙יו ֶבּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ן־ה ַ ֔דד וַ ֖יּ‬ ֲ ‫רוּ ָא ִ ֣חי� ֶב‬ ֙ ‫אמ‬ ְ ֹ ‫ים יְ נַ ֲח ֨שׁוּ ַ ֽו יְ ַמ ֲה ֜רוּ וַ יַּ ְח ְל ֣טוּ ֲה ִמ ֶ֗מּנּוּ וַ ֽיּ‬ ֩ ‫וְ ָה ֲאנָ ִשׁ‬ ‫ל־ה ֶמּ ְר ָכּ ָ ֽבה׃‬ ַ ‫ַוֽ יַּ ֲﬠ ֵל֖הוּ ַﬠ‬ 20:33

‫וְ ָה ֲאנָ ִשׁים‬

Eight times at the beginning of a verse Com.: See 1 Sam 5:12.

‫ראש פסוק‬ ̇ ‫̇ח‬

Mp

398 20:33 Unique

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ָק ֻחהוּ‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬

1 KINGS 20:34 ‫בי‬ ֙ ִ ‫־שׂם ָא‬ ֤ ָ ‫ח־א ִבי֩ ֵמ ֵ֨את ָא ִ֜בי� ָא ִ֗שׁיב ְו֠חוּצוֹת ָתּ ִ֨שׂים ְל�֤ ְב ַד ֶ֨מּ ֶשׂ ֙ק ַכּ ֲא ֶשׁר‬ ָ ‫ר־ל ַק‬ ֽ ָ ‫אמר ֵא ֡ ָליו ֶה ָﬠ ִ ֣רים ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ ‫ְבּ ֣שׁ ֹ ְמ ֔רוֹן וַ ֲא ִ ֖ני ַבּ ְבּ ִ ֣רית ֲא ַשׁ ְלּ ֶ ֑חךָּ וַ יִּ ְכ ָרת־ל֥ וֹ ְב ִ ֖רית ַוֽ יְ ַשׁ ְלּ ֵ ֽחהוּ׃ ס‬ 20:34

‫וְ חוּצוֹת‬

Twice in two meanings

̇‫בתר לשני‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 20:34 (‫ ;*)וְ ֻחצוֹת‬Prov 8:26 (‫)וְ חוּצוֹת‬

Mp

—————————— ‫ ֻחצוֹת‬twice written like this 1 Kgs 20:34

‫כת כן‬ ̇ ‫חצות ̇ב‬

Mm

‫)וחצות( ]וחוצות[ תשים לך‬

And (similarly all) Jeremiah apart from (one, ‫)בּחוּצוֹת‬: ְ Jer 5:1 And (similarly in) all the Torah (= Num 22:39) ‫ ֻחצוֹת‬is written

‫וירמיהו ̇ב ̇מ שוטטו בחוצות ירושלם‬ ‫כת‬ ̇ ‫אורית חצות‬ ̇ ‫וכל‬

Com.: The Mp notes the two occurrences of ‫ וְ ֻחצוֹת‬as having two meanings. One (here) meaning bazaars, and the other (Prov 8:26) meaning fields; see also Frensdorff, Ochlah, §59, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §60.

The Mm notes the two occurrences of ‫( ֻחצוֹת‬Num 22:39 and here) written defective first ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (15x) written plene first ‫ו‬ (‫וְ חוּצוֹת‬/‫)חוּצוֹת‬.

The additional note states that this writing (‫)חצוֹת‬ ֻ is the norm in Jeremiah (9x) apart from one occurrence in Jer 5:1, where the writing is plene first ‫)בּחוּצוֹת( ו‬. ְ The second additional note regarding the Torah (Num 22:39) is really the second reference.

1 KINGS

399

* ML, contra M (‫)וְ ֻחצוֹת‬, writes the lemma here plene first ‫ ;)וְ חוּצוֹת( ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 116, but the Mm heading of twice written like this (e.g., defective first ‫ )ו‬conforms to the text of M rather then to ML. MA reads here ‫ וְ ֻחצוֹת‬and its Mp note reads: twice, one defective (= 1 Kgs 20:34), and once plene (‫וְ חוּצוֹת‬, Prov 8:26). MC reads here, as ML does ‫וְ חוּצוֹת‬, but its Mp and Mm read twice, once plene (Prov 8:26) and once defective (1 Kgs 20:34), thus also conforming to the text of M. 20:34

‫ַבּ ְבּ ִרית‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 20:34; 2 Kgs 23:3; Jer 34:10; 2 Chr 15:12; 23:1 —————————— ‫ ַבּ ְבּ ִרית‬five times

1–5 1 Kgs 20:34 2 Kgs 23:3 2 Chr 15:12 Jer 34:10 2 Chr 23:1

‫בברית ̇ה‬

Mm

‫ואני בברית אשלחך‬ ‫ויעמד כל העם‬ [‫ויבאו בברית )לך רוש( ]לדרוש‬ ‫וישמעו כל השרים‬ [‫ובשנה )השביעית( ]השבעית‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with the def. prep. ‫בּ‬,ַ to distinguish them from its three occurrences with the indef. prep. ‫)בּ ְב ִרית( ְבּ‬. ִ The contrast between the two forms is expressly stated in the Mm at Jer 34:10, which lists catchwords for all eight forms. 20:34

ָ‫ֲא ַשׁ ְלּ ֶחךּ‬

Mp

Twice

‫̇ב‬

20:34

‫וַ יְ ַשׁ ְלּ ֵחהוּ‬

Com.: See 2 Sam 11:12.

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 3:23.

400

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 20:35 ‫הו֖ה ַה ֵכּ֣ינִ י ָנ֑א וַ יְ ָמ ֵ ֥אן ָה ִ ֖אישׁ ְל ַהכּ ֹֽתוֹ׃‬ ָ ְ‫ל־ר ֵﬠ֛הוּ ִבּ ְד ַ ֥בר י‬ ֵ ‫יאים ָא ַ ֧מר ֶא‬ ִ֗ ‫וְ ִ֨אישׁ ֶא ָ֜חד ִמ ְבּ ֵנ֣י ַהנְּ ִב‬

20:35

‫ִבּ ְד ַבר יְ הוָ ה‬

Five times

Mp

‫̇ה‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 3:21.

1 KINGS 20:36 ‫הוֹל ֙� ֵ ֽמ ִא ִ֔תּי וְ ִה ְכּ�֖ ָה ַא ְר ֵי֑ה וַ ֵ֨יּ ֶל ֙� ֵ ֽמ ֶא ְצ ֔לוֹ וַ יִּ ְמ ָצ ֵ ֥אהוּ ָה ַא ְר ֵי֖ה‬ ֵ ֤� ְ‫הוה ִהנּ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫א־שׁ ַ֨מ ְﬠ ָ֙תּ ְבּ ֣קוֹל י‬ ָ ֹ ‫אמר ֗לוֹ ַי ַ֚ﬠן ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ֽל‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ ‫וַ יַּ ֵ ֽכּהוּ׃‬ 20:36

�‫הוֹל‬ ֵ

Twenty-seven times plene Com.: See Judg 14:3.

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫̇כז‬

Mp

1 KINGS 20:37 ‫וּפ ֽצֹ ַ�׃‬ ָ ‫אמר ַה ֵכּ֣ינִ י ָנ֑א וַ יַּ ֵ ֥כּהוּ ָה ִ ֖אישׁ ַה ֵ ֥כּה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יִּ ְמ ָצ ֙א ִ ֣אישׁ ַא ֵ֔חר וַ ֖יּ‬ 20:37

‫ַה ֵכּינִ י‬

Twice plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

1 Kgs 20:35; 20:37

Mp

Com.: The Mp heading here of twice plene (‫ )י‬is inexact since is no other occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫י‬. The note more precisely should have read, as it does in MC, twice and plene. MA has no note here.

1 KINGS 20:38 ‫ל־ﬠ ָינֽיו׃‬ ֵ ‫ל־ה ָ ֑דּ ֶר� וַ יִּ ְת ַח ֵ ֥פּשׂ ָבּ ֲא ֵ ֖פר ַﬠ‬ ַ ‫מד ַל ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ַﬠ‬ ֹ ֥ ‫וַ ֵ֨יּ ֶל ֙� ַהנָּ ִ֔ביא וַ יַּ ֲﬠ‬ 20:38 Unique

‫ָבּ ֲא ֵפר‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with the def. article (‫)ה ֲא ֵפר‬ ָ in v. 41.

1 KINGS

401

1 KINGS 20:39 ‫ֽה־אישׁ ָ֜סר וַ יָּ ֵ ֧בא ֵא ַל֣י ִ֗אישׁ‬ ִ֨ ‫ב־ה ִמּ ְל ָח ָ֗מה וְ ִה ֵנּ‬ ַ ‫אמר ַﬠ ְב ְדּ�֣ ׀ יָ ָצ֣א ְב ֶ ֽ ק ֶר‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ל־ה ֶ ֑מּ ֶל� וַ ֜יּ‬ ַ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֤הי ַה ֶ֨מּ ֶל ֙� ע ֵֹ֔בר וְ ֖הוּא ָצ ַﬠ֣ק ֶא‬ ‫ר־כּ ֶ֖סף ִתּ ְשׁ ֽקוֹל׃‬ ֶ ‫ם־ה ָפּ ֵק ֙ד יִ ָפּ ֵ ֔קד וְ ָהיְ ָ ֤תה נַ ְפ ְשׁ ֙� ַ ֣תּ ַחת נַ ְפ ֔שׁוֹ ֥אוֹ ִכ ַכּ‬ ִ ‫ת־ה ִ ֣אישׁ ַה ֶ֔זּה ִא‬ ָ ‫אמ ֙ר ְשׁמ ֹ֙ר ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ 20:39

‫ָצ ַﬠק‬

Twice with paṯaḥ

Mp

‫ַ֗ב‬

1 Kgs 20:39; Lam 2:18

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with a ḥolem at Exod 22:22. The Mp heading at Lam 2:18 adds the catchwords ‫ל־ה ֶמּ ֶל�( אל המלך‬ ַ ‫)א‬ ֶ to refer the reader to this verse.

20:39

‫ִתּ ְשׁקוֹל‬

Six times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 20:39; Ezek 4:10 (‫;)בּ ִמ ְשׁקוֹל‬ ְ Job 6:2 (‫)שׁקוֹל‬ ָ Esth 3:9 (‫;)א ְשׁקוֹל‬ ֶ 4:7 (‫)ל ְשׁקוֹל‬ ִ 6 Ezra 8:25 (‫ואשקולה‬, kəṯîḇ)

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of the verb ‫ ָשׁ ַקל‬in various forms written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from the three occurrences in various forms written defective ‫ו‬.

The Mp heading at Esth 3:9 of twice written with ‫ ו‬refers to the two occurrences of this lemma in Esther. But the heading at Esth 4:7 (‫)ל ְשׁקוֹל‬ ִ of unique plene is inexact because there is no defective form. The note more precisely should have read unique and plene.

The Mp heading at Ezra 8:25 reads superfluous ‫ו‬. It is noteworthy that the kəṯîḇ form is included in this list since normally the Masorah would cite the qərê form (‫)וָ ֶא ְשׁ ָק ָלה‬.

1 KINGS 20:40 ‫אמר ֵא ָל֧יו ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֛אל ֵ ֥כּן ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ֶ ֖ט� ַא ָ ֥תּה ָח ָ ֽר ְצ ָתּ׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֣הי ַﬠ ְב ְדּ ֗� ע ֵ ֹ֥שׂה ֵ ֛הנָּ ה וָ ֵ ֖הנָּ ה וְ ֣הוּא ֵא ֶינ֑נּוּ וַ ֨יּ‬ 20:40

�‫ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ֶט‬

Five times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

402

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

1–5 1 Kgs 20:40; Ps 37:6 (�‫;)וּמ ְשׁ ָפּ ֶט‬ ִ 119:43 (�‫)ל ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ֶט‬ ְ Ps 119:149 (�‫;)כּ ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ֶט‬ ְ 119:175 (�‫)וּמ ְשׁ ָפּ ֶט‬ ִ —————————— �‫ ִמ ְשׁ ָפּ ֶט‬five times defective 1–5 1 Kgs 20:40 Ps 37:6 Ps 119:43 Ps 119:149 Ps 119:175

‫משפטך ̇ה חסירין‬

Mm

‫כן משפטך אתה‬ ‫והוציא כאור צדקך‬ ‫ואל תצל מפי דבר אמת‬ [‫קולי )שמעת( ]שמעה‬ [‫נפש( ]נפשי‬ ̇ ) ‫תחי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma in various forms written defective ‫י‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (23x) in various forms written plene ‫( י‬e.g., �‫)מ ְשׁ ָפּ ֶטי‬. ִ

1 KINGS 20:41 ‫ֹתוֹ ֶ ֣מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ִ ֥כּי ֵ ֽמ ַהנְּ ִב ִ ֖אים ֽהוּא׃‬ ֙ ‫ת־ה ֲא ֔ ֵפר ֵמ ֲﬠ ֵ ֖ל ֵﬠ ָינ֑יו וַ יַּ ֵכּ֤ר א‬ ֣ ָ ‫וַ יְ ַמ ֵ֕הר וַ ָ֨יּ ַס ֙ר ֶא‬ 20:41

Read ‫ֵמ ֲﬠ ֵלי‬

‫ֵמ ֲﬠ ֵל‬ ‫קר‬ ̇ ‫מעלי‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)מעל‬, and the qərê (‫)מ ֲﬠ ֵלי‬ ֵ represent miscellaneous variations in forms with the same meaning; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 124.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words where a ‫ י‬at the end of the word is not written but is read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §126, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §110. 20:41

Unique

‫ֵמ ַהנְּ ִב ִאים‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words occurring only once with the inseparable prep. ‫מ‬, whereas normally it is with the separable prep. ‫ ; ִמן‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §195, and Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §150.

ML, contrary to M (‫יאים‬ ִ ‫)מ ַהנְּ ִב‬, ֵ reads the lemma here defective first ‫;)מ ַהנְּ ִב ִאים( י‬ ֵ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 117.

MC and MA both read here ‫יאים‬ ִ ‫מ ַהנְּ ִב‬. ֵ MA has a Mp note unique and plene (first ‫)י‬, but MC just reads unique.

1 KINGS

403

1 KINGS 20:43 ‫יתוֹ ַ ֣סר וְ זָ ֵ ֑ﬠף וַ יָּ ֖ב ֹא שׁ ְֹמ ֽרוֹנָ ה׃ פ‬ ֖ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֵ ‫וַ יֵּ ֶ֧ל� ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֛אל ַﬠ‬ 20:43

‫ַסר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:43; 21:4

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ (dispirited), to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (30x) with a qameṣ (‫סר‬,ָ he turned aside). 20:43

‫שׁ ְֹמרוֹנָ ה‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:43; 2 Kgs 6:19; 14:14 —————————— ‫ שׁ ְֹמרוֹנָ ה‬three times 1 Kgs 20:43 2 Kgs 6:19 2 Kgs 14:14 {2 Kgs 6:19}

‫שמרונה ̇ג‬

Mm

[‫)ישרא( ]ישראל‬ ̇ ‫וילך מלך‬ [‫)ויולך( ]וילך[ אותם )שומרנה( ]שמרונה‬ ‫וישב‬ {[‫})ויולך( ]וילך‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (62x) of this form written without this adverbial ending. The catchword for 2 Kgs 6:19 has been repeated at the end of the note.

1 KINGS 21:2 �֙ ‫יתי וְ ֶא ְתּ ָנ֤ה ְל‬ ִ֔ ‫רוֹב ֵ ֣א ֶצל ֵבּ‬ ֙ ‫י־לי ְלגַ ן־יָ ָ ֗רק ִ ֣כּי ֤הוּא ָק‬ ֣ ִ ‫יה‬ ִ ‫ת־כּ ְר ְמ ֜� ִ ֽו‬ ַ ‫ה־לּי ֶ ֽא‬ ִ ֨ ָ‫וַ יְ ַד ֵבּ֣ר ַא ְח ָ ֣אב ֶאל־נָ ֣בוֹת ׀ ֵלאמֹר֩ ׀ ְתּנ‬ ‫ה־ל�֥ ֶכ ֶ֖סף ְמ ִ ֥חיר ֶזֽה׃‬ ְ ָ‫ַתּ ְח ָ֔תּיו ֶכּ ֶ֖רם ֣טוֹב ִמ ֶ ֑מּנּוּ ִ ֚אם ֣טוֹב ְבּ ֵﬠ ֔ ֶיני� ֶא ְתּנ‬ 21:2

‫יהי‬ ִ ִ‫ו‬

Thirty-two times

‫̇ל ̇ב‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 10:5.

Mp

1 KINGS

403

1 KINGS 20:43 ‫יתוֹ ַ ֣סר וְ זָ ֵ ֑ﬠף וַ יָּ ֖ב ֹא שׁ ְֹמ ֽרוֹנָ ה׃ פ‬ ֖ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֵ ‫וַ יֵּ ֶ֧ל� ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֛אל ַﬠ‬ 20:43

‫ַסר‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:43; 21:4

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ (dispirited), to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (30x) with a qameṣ (‫סר‬,ָ he turned aside). 20:43

‫שׁ ְֹמרוֹנָ ה‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 20:43; 2 Kgs 6:19; 14:14 —————————— ‫ שׁ ְֹמרוֹנָ ה‬three times 1 Kgs 20:43 2 Kgs 6:19 2 Kgs 14:14 {2 Kgs 6:19}

‫שמרונה ̇ג‬

Mm

[‫)ישרא( ]ישראל‬ ̇ ‫וילך מלך‬ [‫)ויולך( ]וילך[ אותם )שומרנה( ]שמרונה‬ ‫וישב‬ {[‫})ויולך( ]וילך‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the locative ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (62x) of this form written without this adverbial ending. The catchword for 2 Kgs 6:19 has been repeated at the end of the note.

1 KINGS 21:2 �֙ ‫יתי וְ ֶא ְתּ ָנ֤ה ְל‬ ִ֔ ‫רוֹב ֵ ֣א ֶצל ֵבּ‬ ֙ ‫י־לי ְלגַ ן־יָ ָ ֗רק ִ ֣כּי ֤הוּא ָק‬ ֣ ִ ‫יה‬ ִ ‫ת־כּ ְר ְמ ֜� ִ ֽו‬ ַ ‫ה־לּי ֶ ֽא‬ ִ ֨ ָ‫וַ יְ ַד ֵבּ֣ר ַא ְח ָ ֣אב ֶאל־נָ ֣בוֹת ׀ ֵלאמֹר֩ ׀ ְתּנ‬ ‫ה־ל�֥ ֶכ ֶ֖סף ְמ ִ ֥חיר ֶזֽה׃‬ ְ ָ‫ַתּ ְח ָ֔תּיו ֶכּ ֶ֖רם ֣טוֹב ִמ ֶ ֑מּנּוּ ִ ֚אם ֣טוֹב ְבּ ֵﬠ ֔ ֶיני� ֶא ְתּנ‬ 21:2

‫יהי‬ ִ ִ‫ו‬

Thirty-two times

‫̇ל ̇ב‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 10:5.

Mp

404

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 21:3 ‫יהוה ִמ ִתּ ִ ֛תּי ֶאת־נַ ֲח ַ ֥לת ֲאב ַ ֹ֖תי ָ ֽל�׃‬ ָ֔ ‫ל־א ְח ָ ֑אב ָח ִ ֤ל ָילה ִ ֙לּי ֵ ֽמ‬ ַ ‫אמר נָ ֖בוֹת ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֥יּ‬

21:3

‫ִמ ִתּ ִתּי‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Gen 29:19; Judg 7:2; 1 Kgs 21:3 ——————————

‫ ִמ ִתּ ִתּי‬three times, and their references Gen 29:19 Judg 7:2 1 Kgs 21:3

‫מתתי ̇ג וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫טוב תתי אתה לך‬ ‫את מדין‬ ‫את נחלת אבתי‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫מ‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences without this prep. (‫)תּ ִתּי‬. ִ

1 KINGS 21:4 ‫א־א ֵ ֥תּן ְל�֖ ֶאת־נַ ֲח ַל֣ת‬ ֶ ֹ ‫אמר ֽל‬ ֶ ֹ ‫אלי וַ ֕יּ‬ ִ ֔ ‫בוֹת ַהיִּ זְ ְר ֵﬠ‬ ֙ ָ‫ר־דּ ֶבּ֣ר ֵא ֗ ָליו נ‬ ִ ‫ל־ה ָדּ ָב ֙ר ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ַ ‫יתוֹ ַ ֣סר וְ זָ ֗ ֵﬠף ַﬠ‬ ֜ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֵ ‫וַ יָּ ב ֹ ֩א ַא ְח ָ֨אב ֶא‬ ‫א־א ַכל ָ ֽל ֶחם׃‬ ֥ ָ ֹ ‫ת־פּ ָנ֖יו וְ ֽל‬ ָ ‫ל־מ ָטּ ֔תוֹ וַ יַּ ֵ ֥סּב ֶא‬ ִ ‫בוֹתי וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַכּ ֙ב ַﬠ‬ ֑ ָ ‫ֲא‬ 21:4

‫ֶאל‬

Nineteen verses in which there is the sequence ‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ ַﬠל‬...‫ֶאל‬ Com.: See 1 Sam 15:1.

‫י̇ ̇ט פסוק אל על על‬

Mp

In ML this lemma has no circellus. 21:4

‫בוֹתי‬ ַ ‫ֲא‬

Seven times plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 21:4; 2 Kgs 19:12; Isa 37:12; Ps 39:13; 2 Chr 32:13 (‫בוֹתי‬ ַ ‫)וַ ֲא‬ 6–7 2 Chr 32:14; 32:15

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its nine occurrences written defective ‫ ֵמ ֲאב ַֹתי( ו‬/‫) ֲאב ַֹתי‬, one of which occurs in v. 3.

1 KINGS 21:4

‫א־א ַכל‬ ָ ֹ ‫וְ ל‬

Four times

405

Mp

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 20:34.

1 KINGS 21:5 ‫רוּח�֣ ָס ָ ֔רה וְ ֵאינְ �֖ א ֵ ֹ֥כל ָ ֽל ֶחם׃‬ ֲ ‫וַ ָתּ ֥ב ֹא ֵא ָל֖יו ִא ֶיז ֶ֣בל ִא ְשׁ ֑תּוֹ וַ ְתּ ַד ֵבּ֣ר ֵא ֗ ָליו ַמה־זֶּ ֙ה‬ 21:5

‫ָס ָ ֔רה‬

Unique milraʿ

Mp

‫מלרע‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Com.: There are seven occurrences of this lemma accented milraʿ, however the Masorah here is concerned only with its sole occurrence together with �‫רוּ‬ ַ (‫רוּח� ָס ָרה‬ ֲ ), which is to be distinguished from its sole occurrence with �‫רוּ‬ ַ accented milʿêl at 1 Sam 16:14 (‫רוּ� יְ הוָ ה ָ ֖ס ָרה‬ ַ ְ‫)ו‬. 21:5

� ְ‫וְ ֵאינ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 21:5; Ezek 28:19

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 21:6 ‫ם־ח ֵפ֣ץ ַא ָ֔תּה ֶא ְתּנָ ה־‬ ָ ‫ת־כּ ְר ְמ ֙� ְבּ ֶ֔כ ֶסף ֚אוֹ ִא‬ ַ ‫ה־לּי ֶ ֽא‬ ֤ ִ ָ‫א ַמר ֗לוֹ ְתּנ‬ ֹ ֣ ָ‫אלי ו‬ ִ ֜ ‫י־א ַד ֵבּר ֶאל־נָ ֨בוֹת ַהיִּ זְ ְר ֵﬠ‬ ֲ ֠ ‫יה ִ ֽכּ‬ ָ ‫וַ יְ ַד ֵבּ֣ר ֵא ֗ ֶל‬ ‫ת־כּ ְר ִ ֽמי׃‬ ַ ‫א־א ֵ ֥תּן ְל�֖ ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫אמר ֽל‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ְל�֥ ֶ ֖כ ֶרם ַתּ ְח ָ ֑תּיו וַ ֕יּ‬ 21:6

‫ְבּ ֶכ ֶסף‬

Fifteen times

̇‫̇הי‬

Com.: See Josh 22:8.

Mp

406

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 21:7

�֔ ‫ל־ל ֶח ֙ם וְ יִ ַ ֣טב ִל ֶ֔בּ� ֲאנִ ֙י ֶא ֵ ֣תּן ְל‬ ֶ ֨ ‫לוּכה ַﬠל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֑אל ֤קוּם ֱא ָכ‬ ֖ ָ ‫אמר ֵא ָל ֙יו ִא ֶיז ֶ֣בל ִא ְשׁ ֔תּוֹ ַא ָ֕תּה ַﬠ ָ ֛תּה ַתּ ֲﬠ ֶ ֥שׂה ְמ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤תּ‬ ‫אלי׃‬ ֽ ִ ‫ת־כּ ֶ֖רם נָ ֥בוֹת ַהיִּ זְ ְר ֵﬠ‬ ֶ ‫ֶא‬ 21:7

‫אַתּה ַﬠ ָתּה‬ ָ

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Gen 26:29; 1 Kgs 12:4 (‫אַתּה ַﬠ ָתּה‬ ָ ְ‫ ;)ו‬21:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, twice without a ‫ ו‬cj. (Gen 26:29 and here), and once with a ‫ ו‬cj. (1 Kgs 12:4). The Mp heading at 1 Kgs 12:4 (‫אַתּה ַﬠ ָתּה‬ ָ ְ‫ )ו‬reads unique to note the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj. 21:7

‫וְ יִ ַטב‬

Three times defective

Com.: See 1 Sam 24:5.

Mp

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ג‬

1 KINGS 21:8 ‫ירוֹ‬ ֔ ‫שׁר ְבּ ִﬠ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ים ֲא‬ ֙ ‫ל־הח ִֹר‬ ֽ ַ ‫ל־הזְ ֵק ִנ֤ים וְ ֶא‬ ַ ‫הס ָפ ִ ֗רים ֶא‬ ְ ‫תּם ְבּח ָֹת ֑מוֹ וַ ִתּ ְשׁ ַל֣ח‬ ֹ ֖ ‫שׁם ַא ְח ָ֔אב וַ ַתּ ְח‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ים ְבּ‬ ֙ ‫תּב ְס ָפ ִר‬ ֹ ֤ ‫וַ ִתּ ְכ‬ ‫ַהיּ ְֹשׁ ִ ֖בים ֶאת־נָ ֽבוֹת׃‬ 21:8

‫הס ָפ ִרים‬ ְ

Read ‫ְס ָפ ִרים‬

‫ספרים ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)הספרים‬, and the qərê (‫)ס ָפ ִרים‬ ְ represent examples of the omission of a definite article; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 147.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words in which a ‫ ה‬at the beginning of a word is written but not read; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §661, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §91.

1 KINGS

407

1 KINGS 21:9 ‫הוֹשׁיבוּ ֶאת־נָ ֖בוֹת ְבּ ֥ר ֹאשׁ ָה ָ ֽﬠם׃‬ ֥ ִ ְ‫אוּ־צוֹם ו‬ ֔ ‫מר ִ ֽק ְר‬ ֹ ֑ ‫תּב ַבּ ְסּ ָפ ִ ֖רים ֵלא‬ ֹ ֥ ‫וַ ִתּ ְכ‬ 21:9

‫הוֹשׁיבוּ‬ ִ ְ‫ו‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 21:9 (‫ ;*)וְ ה ִֹשׁיבוּ‬21:10; 21:12 (‫)וְ ה ִֹשׁיבוּ‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma written both plene and defective ‫ו‬.

*ML, contrary to M (‫)וְ ה ִֹשׁיבוּ‬, writes the form here plene first ‫הוֹשׁיבוּ( ו‬ ִ ְ‫ ;)ו‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 117. Both MC and MA read here ‫וְ ה ִֹשׁיבוּ‬. The Mp note in MA reads three times, but MC has no note. 21:9

‫ְבּרֹאשׁ‬

Thirty-five times 1–5 6–10 11–15 16–20 21–21 26–30 31–35

‫̇ל ̇ה‬

Mp

Exod 24:17; Lev 13:29; Num 20:28; Deut 20:9; Judg 9:7 1 Sam 9:22; 2 Sam 2:16; 1 Kgs 2:33; 21:9; 21:12 Isa 2:2; 17:6; 51:20; Jer 31:7; Ezek 16:31 Ezek 16:43; 21:24; 21:26; 27:22; 40:1 Ezek 42:12; Amos 2:7; 6:7; 9:1; 9:3 Mic 4:1; Nah 3:10; Zech 6:11; Ps 72:16; Prov 1:21 Prov 8:2; 23:34; Lam 2:19; 4:1; Esth 5:2

Com.: The Masorah notes the thirty-five occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, possibly to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) without this preposition.

There is a Mm heading at Esth 5:2 of twice, but it is misplaced as it belongs on the previous word ‫וַ ִתּגַּ ע‬, which only occurs twice.

408

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 21:10

‫מת׃‬ ֹ ֽ ָ‫הוֹצי ֻ ֥אהוּ וְ ִס ְק ֻל֖הוּ וְ י‬ ִ ְ‫�הים וָ ֶ ֑מ ֶל� ו‬ ֖ ִ ‫מר ֵבּ ַ ֥ר ְכ ָתּ ֱא‬ ֹ ֔ ‫יﬠ ֻד֣הוּ ֵלא‬ ִ ִ‫ֽי־ב ִליַּ ַﬠ ֮ל נֶ גְ דּוֹ֒ ו‬ ְ ‫֠הוֹשׁיבוּ ְשׁ ֨ ַניִ ם ֲאנָ ִ ֥שׁים ְבּ ֵנ‬ ִ ‫ְו‬ 21:10

‫הוֹשׁיבוּ‬ ִ ְ‫ו‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 21:9. 21:10

‫ם־אנָ ִשׁים‬ ֲ ִ‫ְשׁנַ י‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

21:10

‫יﬠ ֻדהוּ‬ ִ ִ‫ו‬

Mp

Com.: See Josh 2:1.

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫י‬.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words begining and ending with a ‫ ו‬that only occur twice, once with a ‫ ו‬cj. (here), and once with a ‫ ו‬consec. (v. 13); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §45. 21:10

Unique

‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫הוֹצ‬ ִ ְ‫ו‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena coming from the root ‫;יָ ָצא‬ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §2U. 21:10

‫וְ ִס ְק ֻלהוּ‬

Unique and defective

‫̇ל וחס‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬. 21:10

‫וְ יָ מֹת‬

Twice and defective

Com.: See Judg 6:30.

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 KINGS

409

1 KINGS 21:11 ‫תוּב‬ ֙ ‫יז ֶבל ַכּ ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ָכּ‬ ֑ ָ ‫יהם ִא‬ ֖ ֶ ‫ירוֹ ַכּ ֲא ֶ ֛שׁר ָשׁ ְל ָ ֥חה ֲא ֵל‬ ֔ ‫ים ְבּ ִﬠ‬ ֙ ‫ירוֹ ַהזְּ ֵק ִנ֣ים וְ ַהח ִ ֹ֗רים ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ַה ֹֽיּ ְשׁ ִב‬ ֜ ‫וַ יַּ ֲﬠשׂוּ֩ ַאנְ ֵ֨שׁי ִﬠ‬ ‫יהם׃‬ ֽ ֶ ‫ַבּ ְסּ ָפ ִ ֔רים ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָשׁ ְל ָ ֖חה ֲא ֵל‬ 21:11 Six times

‫ ָשׁ ְל ָחה‬1 ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–4 Gen 38:25; 1 Kgs 21:11a; 21:11b; Prov 9:3

Com.: The Mp heading here of six times is incorrect since there are only four occurrences of this lemma. The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma in the qal, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) in the piel (‫)שׁ ְל ָחה‬. ִ

Dotan/Reich (Masora Thesaurus, ad loc.) add ‫( וְ ָשׁ ְל ָחה‬Deut 25:11), to this list as a fifth form, but remark that it is highly unlikely that the sixth form might be ‫( ַשׁ ְלּ ָחה‬Deut 22:29). Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 21:12 ‫ָק ְר ֖אוּ ֑צוֹם וְ ה ִ ֹ֥שׁיבוּ ֶאת־נָ ֖בוֹת ְבּ ֥ר ֹאשׁ ָה ָ ֽﬠם׃‬ 21:12

‫וְ ה ִֹשׁיבוּ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 21:9. 21:12

‫ְבּרֹאשׁ‬

Thirty-five times

‫̇ל ̇ה‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 21:9.

‫‪410‬‬

‫‪THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML‬‬ ‫‪1 KINGS 21:13‬‬

‫מר ֵבּ ַ ֥ר� נָ ֛בוֹת‬ ‫ֽי־ב ִליַּ ַﬠ ֮ל וַ יֵּ ְשׁ ֣בוּ נֶ גְ דּוֹ֒ וַ יְ ִﬠ ֻדהוּ֩ ַאנְ ֵ֨שׁי ַה ְבּ ִל ַ֜יּ ַﬠל ֶאת־נָ ֗בוֹת ֶנ֤ גֶ ד ָה ָﬠ ֙ם ֵלא ֔ ֹ‬ ‫ַו֠יָּ בֹאוּ ְשׁ ֨ ֵני ָה ֲאנָ ִ ֥שׁים ְבּ ֵנ ְ‬ ‫מת׃‬ ‫הוּ ִמ ֣חוּץ ָל ֔ ִﬠיר וַ יִּ ְס ְק ֻל֥הוּ ָב ֲא ָב ִנ֖ים וַ יָּ ֽ ֹ‬ ‫�הים וָ ֶ ֑מ ֶל� וַ יּ ִֹצ ֻ֨א ֙‬ ‫ֱא ִ ֖‬ ‫ְשׁנֵ י ָה ֲאנָ ִשׁים‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫‪21:13‬‬ ‫‪Four times‬‬

‫̇ד‬

‫‪Deut 19:17; Josh 2:4; 2:23; 1 Kgs 21:13‬‬ ‫‪Mm‬‬

‫——————————‬ ‫‪ְ four times‬שׁנֵ י ָה ֲאנָ ִשׁים‬

‫שני האנשים ̇ד‬

‫‪Deut 19:17‬‬ ‫‪Josh 2:4‬‬ ‫‪Josh 2:23‬‬ ‫‪1 Kgs 21:13‬‬

‫ועמדו שני האנשים‬ ‫ותקח האשה‬ ‫וישבו‬ ‫ויבאו‬

‫‪ְ (def., the two men, to‬שׁנֵ י ָה ֲאנָ ִשׁים ‪Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of the phrase‬‬ ‫‪ְ (indef., two men).‬שׁנֵ י ֲאנָ ִשׁים ‪distinguish them from the four occurrences of the phrase‬‬ ‫‪Mp‬‬

‫ֵבּ ַר�‬

‫‪21:13‬‬

‫‪Twelve times‬‬

‫י̇ ̇ב‬

‫‪Com.: See 2 Sam 6:12.‬‬

‫‪Mp‬‬

‫וָ ֶמ ֶל�‬ ‫̇ה‬

‫‪21:13‬‬

‫‪Five times‬‬

‫‪1–5 1 Kgs 21:10; 21:13; Prov 24:21; 1 Chr 8:35; 9:41‬‬ ‫‪Mm‬‬

‫——————————‬ ‫ומלך ̇ה‬

‫)ויעידהו( ]ויעדהו[ אנשי‬ ‫)ויעידהו( ]ויעדהו[ לאמר‬ ‫)פיתן( ]פיתון[ ומלך‬ ‫)פיתן( ]פיתון[ ומלך‬ ‫ירא את יהוה בני ומלך‬

‫‪ five times‬וָ ֶמ ֶל�‬

‫‪1–5 1 Kgs 21:13‬‬ ‫‪1 Kgs 21:10‬‬ ‫‪1 Chr 8:35‬‬ ‫‪1 Chr 9:41‬‬ ‫‪Prov 24:21‬‬

1 KINGS

411

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ under the ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) with a šûreq (�‫;)וּמ ֶל‬ ֶ see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §28B. 21:13

‫וַ יּ ִֹצ ֻאהוּ‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Gen 19:16; 1 Kgs 21:13; 2 Kgs 12:12 (‫יאהוּ‬ ֻ ‫יּוֹצ‬ ִ ַ‫)ו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, twice doubly defective (defective first ‫ ו‬and second ‫ )י‬at Gen 19:16 and here, and once doubly plene (plene first ‫ ו‬and second ‫ )י‬at 2 Kgs 12:12.

1 KINGS 21:14 ‫מת׃‬ ֹ ֽ ָ‫מר ֻס ַ ֥קּל נָ ֖בוֹת וַ יּ‬ ֹ ֑ ‫ל־א ֶיז ֶ֣בל ֵלא‬ ִ ‫ַוֽ יִּ ְשׁ ְל ֖חוּ ֶא‬ 21:14

‫ֻס ַקּל‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 21:14; 21:15

—————————— ‫ ֻס ַקּל‬twice and defective

1 Kgs 21:14 1 Kgs 21:15

Mm

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫סקל ̇ב‬

‫סקל נבות וימת‬ ‫כי סקל נבות‬

Com.: By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 21:15 ‫אלי‬ ִ ֗ ‫ת־כּ ֶ֣רם ׀ נָ ֣בוֹת ַהיִּ זְ ְר ֵﬠ‬ ֶ ‫ל־א ְח ָ֗אב ֣קוּם ֵ ֞רשׁ ֶא‬ ַ ‫אמר ִא ֶ֜יז ֶבל ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫מת וַ ֨תּ‬ ֹ ֑ ָ‫י־ס ַ ֥קּל נָ ֖בוֹת וַ יּ‬ ֻ ‫מ ַ� ִא ֶ֔יז ֶבל ִ ֽכּ‬ ֹ ֣ ‫ַוֽ יְ ִה֙י ִכּ ְשׁ‬ ‫י־מת׃‬ ֽ ֵ ‫ת־ל�֣ ְב ֶ֔כ ֶסף ִ ֣כּי ֵ ֥אין נָ ֛בוֹת ַ ֖חי ִכּ‬ ְ ‫אן ָל ֶת‬ ֙ ֵ ‫ֲא ֶ ֤שׁר ֵמ‬ 21:15

‫ֵרשׁ‬

Three times, twice defective and once plene

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫חס וחד‬ ̇ ‫̇ג ̇ב‬

Mp

412

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Deut 1:21; 1 Kgs 21:15; Dan 7:1 (‫ֵ)ראשׁ‬ ——————————

‫ ֵרשׁ‬three times, twice defective and once plene Deut 1:21 1 Kgs 21:15 Dan 7:1

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫חס וחד‬ ̇ ‫רש ̇ג ̇ב‬

Mm

‫עלה רש כאשר דבר יהוה‬ ‫קום רש את כרם נבות‬ ‫ראש מלין אמר‬

And similarly all cases of poverty

‫דכות‬ ̇ ‫וכל מסכינו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma, written twice defective ‫( י‬Deut 1:21 and 1 Kgs 21:15) and once plene ‫( א‬Dan 7:1). The Mm has an additional note that this lemma also occurs (all cases = once) in this form (‫ ֵ)ראשׁ‬meaning poverty at Prov 30:8.

The Mp heading to Deut 1:21 reads twice, and similary all cases concerning poverty (have a similar vocalization with ṣerê, ‫רישׁ‬,ֵ Prov 13:18 and ‫ראשׁ‬,ֵ Prov 30:8).

The Mp heading to Dan 7:1 (‫ ֵ)ראשׁ‬reads twice written (this way) refers to the fact that there is another occurrence of ‫ ֵראשׁ‬at Prov 30:8.

21:15

‫ְב ֶכ ֶסף‬

Fifteen times

̇‫̇הי‬

Com.: See Josh 22:8.

Mp

1 KINGS 21:16 ‫אלי ְל ִר ְשׁ ֽתּוֹ׃ ס‬ ֖ ִ ‫ל־כּ ֶ֛רם נָ ֥בוֹת ַהיִּ זְ ְר ֵﬠ‬ ֶ ‫מ ַ� ַא ְח ָ ֖אב ִ ֣כּי ֵ ֣מת נָ ֑בוֹת וַ יָּ ֣ ָ קם ַא ְח ָ֗אב ָל ֶ ֛ר ֶדת ֶא‬ ֹ ֥ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֛הי ִכּ ְשׁ‬ 21:16

‫וַ יְ ִ ֪הי‬

Twenty times with the accent (təḇîr) at the beginning of a verse Com.: See Josh 5:8.

̇‫רא פסו‬ ̇ ‫̇כ בטע‬

Mp

1 KINGS

413

1 KINGS 21:18 ‫ר־י ַ֥ רד ָ ֖שׁם ְל ִר ְשׁ ֽתּוֹ׃‬ ָ ‫שׁר ְבּשׁ ְֹמ ֑רוֹן ִהנֵּ ֙ה ְבּ ֶכ ֶ֣רם נָ ֔בוֹת ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫֣קוּם ֵ ֗רד ִל ְק ַ ֛ראת ַא ְח ָ ֥אב ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ֲא‬ 21:18

‫קוּם‬

Nine times at the beginning of a verse

‫ראש פסוק‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 13:17; Gen 28:2; Josh 7:13 (‫;)קם‬ ֻ 1 Kgs 17:9; 21:18 6–9 Jer 18:2; Jonah 1:2; 3:2; Ezra 10:4 ——————————

Nine times at the beginning of a verse

1–5 Gen 13:17 Gen 28:2 Josh 7:13 1 Kgs 17:9 1 Kgs 21:18 6–9 Jer 18:2 Jonah 1:2 And its companion (Jonah 3:2) Ezra 10:4

‫קום ̇ט ראש פסוק‬

Mm

‫קום התהלך בארץ‬ ‫קום לך פדנה ארם‬ ‫קדש את העם‬ ‫קום לך צרפתה‬ ‫קום רד לקראת‬ ‫קום וירדת בית‬ ‫קום לך אל נינוה‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫קום כי עליך הדבר ואנחנו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences of this lemma at the beginning of a verse, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (38x) in the middle of a verse.

Normally such a note indicates the presence or absence of a ‫ ו‬cj. at the beginning of a verse, but there are no examples of ‫ וְ קוּם‬at the beginning of a verse.

1 KINGS 21:19 ‫הוה ִבּ ְמ ֗קוֹם ֲא ֶ֨שׁר‬ ָ֔ ְ‫מר ֹ֚כּה ָא ַ ֣מר י‬ ֹ ֗ ‫הוה ֲה ָר ַ ֖צ ְח ָתּ וְ גַ ם־יָ ָ ֑ר ְשׁ ָתּ וְ ִד ַבּ ְר ָ֨תּ ֵא ֜ ָליו ֵלא‬ ָ֔ ְ‫מר ֹ֚כּה ָא ַ ֣מר י‬ ֹ ֗ ‫וְ ִד ַבּ ְר ָ֨תּ ֵא ֜ ָליו ֵלא‬ ‫ם־א ָתּה׃‬ ֽ ָ ַ‫ת־דּ ְמ�֖ גּ‬ ָ ‫ת־דּם נָ ֔בוֹת יָ �֧ קּוּ ַה ְכּ ָל ִ ֛בים ֶא‬ ֣ ַ ‫ים ֶא‬ ֙ ‫ָל ְק ֤קוּ ַה ְכּ ָל ִב‬ 21:19 Four times

‫וְ ִד ַבּ ְר ָתּ ֵא ָליו‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Exod 4:15; 9:1; 1 Kgs 21:19a; 21:19b ——————————

414

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

‫ וְ ִד ַבּ ְר ָתּ ֵא ָליו‬four times, and their references

Exod 4:15 ‫ וְ ִד ַבּ ְר ָתּ‬of ‫סּוּסים‬ ִ ‫( ַבּ‬Exod 9:1) 1 Kgs 21:19a Twice in the verse (1 Kgs 21:19b)

‫ודברת אליו ̇ד וסימנהון‬

Mm

‫ושמת את הדברים בפיו‬ ‫ודברת דבסוסים‬ ‫הרצחת וגם ירשת‬ ‫שנים בפסוקה‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of ‫ ֵא ָליו‬with the verb ‫וְ ִד ַבּ ְר ָתּ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (12x) with the verb ‫ ;)וְ ָא ַמ ְר ָתּ ֵא ָליו( וְ ָא ַמ ְר ָתּ‬see Ginsburg, 4, ‫ד‬, §45.

The additional notation of ‫סּוּסים‬ ִ ‫( ַבּ‬of Exod 9:3) to the Exod 9:1 reference is to specify that the lemma occurs in the section concerning the plague of livestock. 21:19

‫ָל ְקקוּ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

21:19

Mp

‫יָ �קּוּ‬

Unique and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma without a ‫ ו‬consec., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with a ‫ ו‬consec. (‫ )וַ יָּ �קּוּ‬at 1 Kgs 22:38. By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written defective ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫ו‬.

1 KINGS 21:20 ‫הוֽה׃‬ ָ ְ‫אתי ַי ַ֚ﬠן ִה ְת ַמ ֶכּ ְר ֔� ַל ֲﬠ ֥שׂוֹת ָה ַ ֖רע ְבּ ֵﬠ ֵינ֥י י‬ ִ ‫אמר ָמ ָ֔צ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫אתנִ י אֹיְ ִ ֑בי וַ ֣יּ‬ ֖ ַ ‫ל־א ִל ָ֔יּהוּ ַ ֽה ְמ ָצ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫אמר ַא ְח ָא ֙ב ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤יּ‬ 21:20 Unique 21:20

Seven times

‫אתנִ י‬ ַ ‫ַה ְמ ָצ‬

Mp

‫̇ל‬ ‫אֹיְ ִבי‬ ̇‫ז‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 19:17.

1 KINGS

415

1 KINGS 21:21 ‫וּב ַﬠ ְר ִ ֖תּי ַא ֲח ֶ ֑רי� וְ ִה ְכ ַר ִ ֤תּי ְל ַא ְח ָא ֙ב ַמ ְשׁ ִ ֣תּין ְבּ ִ֔קיר וְ ָﬠ ֥צוּר וְ ָﬠז֖ וּב ְבּיִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ִ ‫ִהנְ ֨ ִני מבי ֵא ֨ ֶל ֙י� ָר ֔ ָﬠה‬ 21:21

‫ֵמ ִבי‬

Read ‫ֵמ ִביא‬

‫מביא ̇ק‬

—————————— Nine times defective ‫א‬

Mp1

‫חס ̇א‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp2

Com.: In the first Mp, the kəṯîḇ represents an archaic orthography where only one of two adjoining and identical letters are written; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 95. Here the adjoining letter is ‫א‬, which is the first letter of the following word �‫ ֵא ֶלי‬.

In the second Mp, the Masorah notes the nine occurrences of forms of the verb ‫ בּוֹא‬that are written defective ‫ ;א‬see 1 Sam 25:8. Neither MC nor MA has a kəṯîḇ/qərê here, but both their Mp notes read defective ‫א‬. In ML there are two Mp notes but only one circellus. 21:21

‫וְ ָﬠצוּר וְ ָﬠזוּב‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 21:21; 2 Kgs 9:8

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj. on both words, to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a ‫ ו‬cj. only on ‫ )וְ ָﬠזוּב ָﬠצוּר( ָﬠזוּב‬at Deut 32:36 and 1 Kgs 14:10.

1 KINGS 21:22 ‫שׁר ִה ְכ ֔ ַﬠ ְס ָתּ ַו ַֽתּ ֲח ִ ֖טא ֶאת־‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ַ֨כּ ַﬠ ֙ס ֲא‬ ַ ‫ן־א ִחיָּ ֑ה ֶא‬ ֲ ‫וּכ ֵ ֖בית ַבּ ְﬠ ָ ֣שׁא ֶב‬ ְ ‫ית יָ ָר ְב ָ ֣ﬠם ֶבּן־נְ ָ֔בט‬ ֙ ‫ית ֗� ְכּ ֵב‬ ְ ‫ת־בּ‬ ֵ ‫וְ נָ ַת ִ ֣תּי ֶא‬ ‫יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ 21:22

‫וַ ַתּ ֲח ִטא‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 16:2.

Mp

416

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 21:23 ‫ת־א ֶיז ֶ֖בל ְבּ ֵ ֥חל יִ זְ ְר ֶ ֽﬠאל׃‬ ִ ‫אכל֥ וּ ֶא‬ ְ ֹ ‫מר ַה ְכּ ָל ִ ֛בים י‬ ֹ ֑ ‫הו֖ה ֵלא‬ ָ ְ‫ם־ל ִא ֶ֔יז ֶבל ִדּ ֶ ֥בּר י‬ ְ ‫וְ ֨ ַג‬

21:23

‫ְבּ ֵחל‬

Five times defective

Com.: See 2 Sam 20:15.

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

1 KINGS 21:25 ‫ר־ה ַ ֥ס ָתּה א ֹ֖תוֹ ִא ֶיז ֶ֥בל ִא ְשׁ ֽתּוֹ׃‬ ֵ ‫הו֑ה ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ָ ְ‫שׁר ִה ְת ַמ ֵ֔כּר ַל ֲﬠ ֥שׂוֹת ָה ַ ֖רע ְבּ ֵﬠ ֵינ֣י י‬ ֣ ֶ ‫א־ה ָי֣ה ְכ ַא ְח ָ֔אב ֲא‬ ָ ֹ ‫ַ ֚רק ֽל‬ 21:25 Unique

‫אַח ָאב‬ ְ ‫ְכ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with the prep. ‫כ‬, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (81x) without this preposition, twelve of which occur in this chapter. 21:25

Unique 21:25

Unique

‫ִה ְת ַמ ֵכּר‬ ‫̇ל‬ ‫ֵה ַס ָתּה‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp Mp

1 KINGS 21:26 ‫הוה ִמ ְפּ ֵנ֖י ְבּ ֵנ֥י יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃ ס‬ ָ֔ ְ‫הוֹרישׁ י‬ ֣ ִ ‫שׁר ָﬠ ֣שׂוּ ָה ֱאמ ִ ֹ֔רי ֲא ֶשׁ ֙ר‬ ֣ ֶ ‫אד ָל ֶל ֶ֖כת ַא ֲח ֵ ֣רי ַהגִּ ֻלּ ִ ֑לים ְכּכֹל֙ ֲא‬ ֹ ֔ ‫וַ יַּ ְת ֵﬠ֣ב ְמ‬ 21:26 Unique

‫וַ יַּ ְת ֵﬠב‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

417

1 KINGS 21:27 ‫ל־בּ ָשׂ ֖רוֹ וַ יָּ ֑צוֹם וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַכּ֣ב ַבּ ָ֔שּׂק וַ יְ ַה ֵלּ֖� ַ ֽאט׃‬ ְ ‫ם־שׂק ַﬠ‬ ֥ ַ ‫ת־ה ְדּ ָב ִ ֤רים ָה ֵ֨א ֶלּ ֙ה וַ יִּ ְק ַ ֣רע ְבּגָ ָ ֔דיו וַ יָּ ֶֽשׂ‬ ַ ‫מ ַ� ַא ְח ָ֜אב ֶא‬ ֹ ֨ ‫וַ יְ ִהי֩ ִכ ְשׁ‬ ‫ס‬ 21:27

‫וַ יִּ ְק ַרע ְבּגָ ָדיו‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 21:27; 2 Kgs 5:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma without ‫את‬, ֶ to distinguish them from its eight occurrences with ‫)וַ יִּ ְק ַרע ֶאת ְבּגָ ָדיו( ֶאת‬.

21:27

‫וַ יָּ צוֹם‬

Unique and plene

‫ומל‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: By noting that this lemma is unique and written plene ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫ו‬. 21:27

‫אַט‬

Unique with a paṯaḥ

‫֗ ַל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma written with a paṯaḥ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with a qameṣ (‫)אט‬ ָ at Job 23:11.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that occur once with a qameṣ (Job 23:11), and once with a paṯaḥ (here); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §23, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah weOklah, §24.

1 KINGS 21:29 ‫יתוֹ׃‬ ֽ ‫ל־בּ‬ ֵ ‫ימי ְבנ֔ וֹ ָא ִ ֥ביא ָה ָר ָ ֖ﬠה ַﬠ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ית ִ ֽכּי־נִ ְכ ַנ֥ע ַא ְח ָ ֖אב ִמ ְלּ ָפ ָנ֑י ַ֜י ַﬠן ִ ֽכּי־נִ ְכ ַנ֣ע ִמ ָפּ ֗ ַני ֽל ֹא־אבי ָ ֽה ָר ָﬠ ֙ה ְבּיָ ָ֔מיו ִבּ‬ ָ ‫ֲ ֽה ָר ִ֔א‬ 21:29 Seven times

‫ִמ ָפּנַ י‬ ̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 10:3 (‫;)מ ָפּנָ י‬ ִ Num 22:33; 1 Kgs 21:29; Jer 4:1; 5:22 6–7 Ezek 38:20; Job 30:11

418

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from the twelve occurrences of its parallel lemma ‫;מ ְלּ ָפנַ י‬ ִ see 1 Kgs 8:25. 21:29

‫ָא ִבי‬

Read ‫ָא ִביא‬

‫אביא ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)אבי‬, and the qərê (‫ )וַ ָא ִביא‬are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations, where a word ending in a ‫ א‬is read even though it is not written; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 96. This lemma is one of nine cases of forms of the verb ‫ בּוֹא‬that are written defective ‫ ;א‬see 1 Sam 25:8. Neither MC nor MA has a kəṯîḇ/qərê here, but both their Mp notes read defective ‫א‬. 21:29

‫ל־בּיתוֹ‬ ֵ ‫ַﬠ‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 2:11.

Mp

1 KINGS 22:2 ‫ל־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֥ ֶ ‫הוּדה ֶא‬ ֖ ָ ְ‫הוֹשׁ ָ ֥פט ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־י‬ ָ ְ‫ישׁית וַ יֵּ ֛ ֶ רד י‬ ֑ ִ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֖הי ַבּ ָשּׁ ָנ֣ה ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬ 22:2

‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬

Nine times plene

Com.: See 1 Kgs 6:6.

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1 KINGS 22:3 ‫א ָ֔תהּ ִמיַּ ֖ד ֶ ֥מ ֶל� ֲא ָ ֽרם׃‬ ֹ ‫מת גִּ ְל ָ ֑ﬠד וַ ֲא ַנ ְ֣חנוּ ַמ ְח ִ֔שׁים ִמ ַ ֣קּ ַחת‬ ֹ ֣ ‫י־לנוּ ָר‬ ֖ ָ ‫ל־ﬠ ָב ָ ֔דיו ַהיְ ַד ְﬠ ֶ֕תּם ִ ֽכּ‬ ֲ ‫אמר ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤יּ‬ 22:3

‫ַהיְ ַד ְﬠ ֶתּם‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Gen 29:5; Judg 18:14; 1 Kgs 22:3 ——————————

418

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma, to distinguish them from the twelve occurrences of its parallel lemma ‫;מ ְלּ ָפנַ י‬ ִ see 1 Kgs 8:25. 21:29

‫ָא ִבי‬

Read ‫ָא ִביא‬

‫אביא ̇ק‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫)אבי‬, and the qərê (‫ )וַ ָא ִביא‬are examples of kəṯîḇ/qərê variations, where a word ending in a ‫ א‬is read even though it is not written; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 96. This lemma is one of nine cases of forms of the verb ‫ בּוֹא‬that are written defective ‫ ;א‬see 1 Sam 25:8. Neither MC nor MA has a kəṯîḇ/qərê here, but both their Mp notes read defective ‫א‬. 21:29

‫ל־בּיתוֹ‬ ֵ ‫ַﬠ‬

Eight times

‫̇ח‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 2:11.

Mp

1 KINGS 22:2 ‫ל־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֥ ֶ ‫הוּדה ֶא‬ ֖ ָ ְ‫הוֹשׁ ָ ֥פט ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־י‬ ָ ְ‫ישׁית וַ יֵּ ֛ ֶ רד י‬ ֑ ִ ‫וַ יְ ִ ֖הי ַבּ ָשּׁ ָנ֣ה ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬ 22:2

‫ישׁית‬ ִ ‫ַה ְשּׁ ִל‬

Nine times plene

Com.: See 1 Kgs 6:6.

‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1 KINGS 22:3 ‫א ָ֔תהּ ִמיַּ ֖ד ֶ ֥מ ֶל� ֲא ָ ֽרם׃‬ ֹ ‫מת גִּ ְל ָ ֑ﬠד וַ ֲא ַנ ְ֣חנוּ ַמ ְח ִ֔שׁים ִמ ַ ֣קּ ַחת‬ ֹ ֣ ‫י־לנוּ ָר‬ ֖ ָ ‫ל־ﬠ ָב ָ ֔דיו ַהיְ ַד ְﬠ ֶ֕תּם ִ ֽכּ‬ ֲ ‫אמר ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤יּ‬ 22:3

‫ַהיְ ַד ְﬠ ֶתּם‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Gen 29:5; Judg 18:14; 1 Kgs 22:3 ——————————

1 KINGS ‫ ַהיְ ַד ְﬠ ֶתּם‬three times Gen 29:5 Judg 18:14 1 Kgs 22:3

‫הידעתם ̇ג‬

419

Mm

‫הידעתם את לבן‬ ‫הידעתם כי יש בבתים‬ ‫כי לנו רמת גלעד‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with the interrog. ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (15x) without this interrogative. 22:3

‫ַמ ְח ִשׁים‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Com.: See Judg 18:9. 22:3

Unique

Mp

‫ִמ ַקּ ַחת א ָֹתהּ‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 22:4 ‫ל־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ָכּ ֧מוֹנִ י ָכ ֛מוֹ� ְכּ ַﬠ ִ ֥מּי‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וֹשׁ ָפ ֙ט ֶא‬ ָ ‫אמר יְ ֽה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫מת גִּ ְל ָ ֑ﬠד וַ ֤יּ‬ ֹ ֣ ‫וֹשׁ ֔ ָפט ֲה ֵת ֵ ֥ל� ִא ִ ֛תּי ַל ִמּ ְל ָח ָ ֖מה ָר‬ ָ ‫אמ ֙ר ֶאל־יְ ֣ה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ ‫סוּסי�׃‬ ֽ ֶ ‫סוּסי ְכּ‬ ֥ ַ ‫ְכ ַﬠ ֶ ֖מּ� ְכּ‬ 22:4 Unique

‫ֲה ֵת ֵל� ִא ִתּי‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1–2 1 Kgs 22:4; 2 Kgs 3:7

Com.: The Mp heading of unique is incorrect since there are two occurrences of this lemma.

The Masorah notes the two occurrences of �‫ ֲה ֵת ֵל‬with ‫א ִתּי‬, ִ to distinguish them from its occurrence with ‫ ) ֲה ֵת ֵל� ִﬠ ִמּי( ִﬠ ִמּי‬at 2 Chr 18:3.

Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc., extend this lemma to include the next word ‫ַל ִמּ ְל ָח ָמה‬ since the longer phrase ‫ ֲה ֵת ֵל� ִא ִתּי ַל ִמּ ְל ָח ָמה‬only occurs this once. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

420

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 22:6

‫מת גִּ ְל ָ ֛ﬠד ַל ִמּ ְל ָח ָ ֖מה ִאם־‬ ֹ ֥ ‫ל־ר‬ ָ ‫אמר ֲא ֵל ֶ֗הם ַה ֵא ֞ ֵל� ַﬠ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫שׁ וַ ֣יּ‬ ֒ ‫ים ְכּ ַא ְר ַבּ֣ע ֵמ ֣אוֹת ִאי‬ ֮ ‫יא‬ ִ ‫ת־הנְּ ִב‬ ַ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ֨בֹּץ ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֥אל ֶ ֽא‬ ‫אמ ֣רוּ ֲﬠ ֔ ֵלה וְ יִ ֵ ֥תּן ֲאד ָֹנ֖י ְבּ ַי֥ד ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ְ ֹ ‫ֶא ְח ָ ֑דּל וַ יּ‬ 22:6

‫וַ יִּ ְקבֹּץ‬

Half the book

‫הספ‬ ̇ ‫חצי‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes this verse indicating half of the verses in the book of Kings.

In ML the circellus for this note has been placed between the words ‫יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל ֶאת‬, which are on the same line as the note. 22:6

‫ֲא ֵל ֶהם‬

Thirteen times defective in the book Com.: See 1 Kgs 12:16. 22:6

‫וְ יִ ֵתּן‬

Thirteen times

‫י̇ ̇ג‬

Com.: See 1 Sam 2:10.

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ג חסי‬

Mp

Mp

1 KINGS 22:8 ‫אתיו ֠ ִכּי ֽל ֹא־יִ ְתנַ ֵ֨בּא‬ ִ֗ ֵ‫הוה ֵמא ֹ֜תוֹ וַ ֲא ִנ֣י ְשׂנ‬ ָ֨ ְ‫ישׁ־א ָ֡חד ִל ְדר ֹשׁ֩ ֶאת־י‬ ֶ ‫הוֹשׁ ֡ ָפט ֣ﬠוֹד ִא‬ ָ ְ‫אמר ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֣אל ׀ ֶ ֽאל־י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ ‫אמר ַה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ֵ ֽכּן׃‬ ֥ ַ ֹ ‫וֹשׁ ֔ ָפט ַאל־י‬ ָ ‫אמ ֙ר יְ ֣ה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫יכיְ הוּ ֶבּן־יִ ְמ ָל֑ה וַ ֨יּ‬ ֖ ָ ‫ם־רע ִמ‬ ֔ ָ ‫טוֹב ִ ֣כּי ִא‬ ֙ ‫ָﬠ ַ ֥לי‬ 22:8

‫יִ ְמ ָלה‬

Four times, twice written ‫ ה‬and twice written ‫א‬ 1 Kgs 22:8; 22:9; 2 Chr 18:7; 18:8

‫וב כתב ̇א‬ ̇ ‫̇ד ̇ב כתב הי‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma, twice written with ‫( ה‬1 Kgs 22:8 and 9), and twice written with an ‫( א‬2 Chr 18:7 and 8).

1 KINGS

421

1 KINGS 22:9 ‫יכיְ הוּ ֶבן־יִ ְמ ָ ֽלה׃‬ ֥ ָ ‫אמר ַמ ֲה ָ ֖רה ִמ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ל־ס ִ ֖ריס ֶא ָ ֑חד וַ ֕יּ‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ְק ָר ֙א ֶ ֣מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ֶא‬ 22:9

‫ַמ ֲה ָרה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Sam 23:27; 1 Kgs 22:9

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma, possibly to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (19x) pointed differently as ‫מ ֵה ָרה‬. ְ This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets with the same meaning; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §70, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §13. 22:9

Four times

‫יִ ְמ ָלה‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 22:8.

1 KINGS 22:10 ‫ים ְבּ ֔ג ֹ ֶרן ֶ ֖פּ ַתח ַ ֣שׁ ַﬠר שׁ ְֹמ ֑רוֹן וְ ָ֨כל־‬ ֙ ‫ל־כּ ְס ֜אוֹ ְמ ֻל ָבּ ִ ֤שׁים ְבּגָ ִד‬ ִ ‫ים ִ֨אישׁ ַﬠ‬ ֩ ‫הוּדה י ְֹשׁ ִב‬ ֡ ָ ְ‫יהוֹשׁ ָפ֣ט ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־י‬ ָ ‫וּמ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֡אל ִ ֽו‬ ֶ֣ ‫יהם׃‬ ֽ ֶ ֵ‫יאים ִ ֽמ ְתנַ ְבּ ִ ֖אים ִל ְפנ‬ ִ֔ ‫ַהנְּ ִב‬ 22:10 Four times

‫ְמ ֻל ָבּ ִשׁים‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:10; Ezra 3:10; 2 Chr 5:12; 18:9 22:10

Four times

‫יאים‬ ִ ‫ל־הנְּ ִב‬ ַ ‫וְ ָכ‬ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:10; 22:12 (‫;)הנְּ ִב ִאים‬ ַ 2 Chr 18:9; 18:11 (‫)הנְּ ִב ִאים‬ ַ

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its sole occurrence without a cj. at 1 Kgs 19:1.

The Mp heading at 1 Kgs 22:12 reads unique defective in the book noting its defective form in the book of Kings.

422

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 22:11 ‫�תם׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫ד־כּ‬ ַ ‫ת־א ָ ֖רם ַﬠ‬ ֲ ‫הוה ְבּ ֵ ֛א ֶלּה ְתּנַ ַגּ֥ח ֶא‬ ָ֔ ְ‫ה־א ַ ֣מר י‬ ָ ֹ‫אמ ֙ר ֽכּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ן־כּנַ ֲﬠ ָנ֖ה ַק ְר ֵנ֣י ַב ְר ֶז֑ל וַ ֨יּ‬ ְ ‫וַ יַּ ַ֥ﬠשׂ ל֛ וֹ ִצ ְד ִקיָּ ֥ה ֶ ֽב‬

22:11

‫ִצ ְד ִקיָּ ה‬

Seven times

̇‫ז‬

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 22:11; Jer 27:12; 28:1; 29:3; 49:34 6–7 Neh 10:2 (‫ ;)וְ ִצ ְד ִקיָּ ה‬1 Chr 3:16 —————————— ‫ ִצ ְד ִקיָּ ה‬six times

̇‫צדקיה ו‬

Mm

1–5 ‫ ְכּנַ ֲﬠנָ ה‬of Kings (1 Kgs 22:11) Jer 27:12 Jer 28:1 Jer 29:3 1 Chr 3:16 6 Jer 49:34

‫כנענה דמלכים‬ ‫צואריכם‬ ‫עזור‬ ‫אלעשה‬ ‫יהויקים‬ ‫בראשית‬

And once (‫)וְ ִצ ְד ִקיָּ ה‬: Neh 10:2 ‫וחד ועל החתומים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes these seven occurrences of this lemma with the ending ‫יָ ה‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (51x) with the ending ‫וְ ִצ ְד ִקיָּ הוּ( יָ הוּ‬/‫) ִצ ְד ִקיָּ הוּ‬, one of which occurs in v. 24; see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §48. This distinction is implied in the Mm in the additional notation of Kings to the 1 Kgs 22:11 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Chr 18:10, where the lemma occurs as ‫צ ְד ִקיָּ הוּ‬.ִ

The heading of the Mm (six times) differs from the heading of the Mp (seven times) because it initially lists only the six forms without a ‫ ו‬cj., and then additionally adds the form with a ‫ ו‬cj. (Neh 10:2). The Mp, however, includes all seven forms in its heading. 22:11

‫�תם‬ ָ ‫ַכּ‬

Twice defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Deut 7:22; 1 Kgs 22:11

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (5x) written plene ‫לּוֹתם( ו‬ ָ ‫)כּ‬. ַ

1 KINGS

423

1 KINGS 22:12 ‫הו֖ה ְבּ ַי֥ד ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ָ ְ‫מת גִּ ְל ָﬠ ֙ד וְ ַה ְצ ֔ ַלח וְ נָ ַ ֥תן י‬ ֹ ֤ ‫מר ֲﬠ ֞ ֵלה ָר‬ ֹ ֑ ‫ל־הנְּ ִב ִ֔אים נִ ְבּ ִ ֥אים ֵכּ֖ן ֵלא‬ ַ ‫וְ ָכ‬ 22:12

‫ל־הנְּ ִב ִאים‬ ַ ‫וְ ָכ‬

Unique defective in the book

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫חס‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the book written defective first ‫י‬, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence in the book written plene first ‫יאים( י‬ ִ ‫ )וְ ָכל ַהנְּ ִב‬in v. 10.

1 KINGS 22:13 �‫ל־ה ֶ ֑מּ ֶל‬ ַ ‫ה־א ָ ֥חד ֖טוֹב ֶא‬ ֶ ‫יאים ֶ ֽפּ‬ ֛ ִ ‫ה־נא ִדּ ְב ֵ ֧רי ַהנְּ ִב‬ ָ ֞ ֵ‫מר ִהנּ‬ ֹ ֔ ‫יכיְ הוּ ִדּ ֶבּ֤ר ֵא ָל ֙יו ֵלא‬ ָ֗ ‫ר־ה ַל֣� ׀ ִל ְק ֣ר ֹא ִמ‬ ָ ‫וְ ַה ַמּ ְל ָ֞א� ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ‫י� ִכּ ְד ַ ֛בר ַא ַ ֥חד ֵמ ֶ ֖הם וְ ִד ַ ֥בּ ְר ָתּ ֽטּוֹב׃‬ ֗ ‫י־נ֣א ְד ָב ְר‬ ָ ‫יְ ִ ֽה‬ 22:13

‫יכיְ הוּ‬ ָ ‫ִל ְקרֹא ִמ‬

Unique

Mp

‫̇ל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ִל ְקרֹא‬with ‫יכיְ הוּ‬ ָ ‫מ‬, ִ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫יכיְ הוּ‬ ָ ‫יכיְ הוּ( ְל ִמ‬ ָ ‫ ) ִל ְקרֹא ְל ִמ‬in the parallel passage 2 Chr 18:12. 22:13

�‫ְד ָב ְרי‬

Read �‫ְד ָב ְר‬

‫דברך ̇ק‬

Mp1

̇‫יתיר י‬

Mp2

—————————— Superfluous ‫י‬

Com.: There are two Mp notes dealing with the same matter. The first Mp has a kəṯîḇ/qərê where the kəṯîḇ (‫דבריך‬, your words), and the qərê (�‫ד ָב ְר‬,ְ your word) represent examples of variations in the sg. and pl.; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 136–37. In the second Mp, the note indicates that the ‫ י‬in the kəṯîḇ form is unnecessary.

This lemma is one of eight occurrences where forms of �‫ ְד ָב ְר‬are written with a superfluous ‫;י‬ see the Mm at 1 Kgs 8:26, Frensdorff, Ochlah, §131, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §115. In ML there are two Mp notes but only one circellus.

424 22:13

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫אַחד‬ ַ

‫אַחד‬ ַ twenty-five times

1–5

6–10

11–15

16–20

21–25

‫אחד ̇כ ̇ה‬

Gen 21:15 Gen 22:2 Gen 26:10 Gen 37:9 Gen 32:23 Gen 48:22 Lev 13:2 Num 16:15 Deut 1:2 Deut 25:5 Judg 17:5 1 Sam 9:3 1 Sam 26:15 2 Sam 6:20 2 Sam 17:22 2 Sam 7:7 1 Chr 17:6 1 Kgs 19:2 ‫ יְ ִהי נָ א‬of Kings (1 Kgs 22:13) 2 Kgs 6:12 2 Kgs 18:24 And its companion (Isa 36:9) Ezek 33:30 Ezek 45:7 Dan 10:13

Mm [‫)השיחים( ]השיחם‬ ‫ההרים‬ ‫העם‬ ‫כוכבים‬ ‫ילדיו‬ ‫שכם‬ ‫מבניו‬ ‫הרעתי‬ ‫מחרב‬ ‫אחים‬ ‫מיכה‬ ‫האתנות‬ ‫ומי כמוך‬ ‫הרקים‬ ‫לא נעדר‬ ‫שבטי‬ ‫שפטי‬ ‫כנפש‬ ‫יהי נא דמלכים‬ ‫)לא( ]לוא[ אדני‬ ‫ואיך‬ ‫וחבירו‬ ‫הנדברים‬ ‫לעמות‬ ‫מיכאל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the twenty-five occurrences of this lemma written with a paṯaḥ under the ‫ח‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (400+) with a qameṣ (‫וְ ֶא ָחד‬/‫ ;) ֶא ָחד‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §17A, and 1 Sam 9:3. The additional notation of Kings to the 1 Kgs 22:13 reference distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Chr 18:12, where the lemma occurs as ‫אַחד‬ ַ ‫כּ‬.ְ

1 KINGS 22:14 ‫הו֛ה ֵא ַל֖י א ֹ֥תוֹ ֲא ַד ֵ ֽבּר׃‬ ָ ְ‫אמר י‬ ֧ ַ ֹ ‫ת־א ֶ֨שׁר י‬ ֲ ‫הוה ֠ ִכּי ֶא‬ ָ֕ ְ‫אמר ִמ ָיכ֑יְ הוּ ַחי־י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֖יּ‬ 22:14 Unique

‫אמר יְ הוָ ה ֵא ַלי‬ ַ ֹ ‫ֲא ֶשׁר י‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS

425

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫אמר יְ הוָ ה‬ ַ ֹ ‫ ֲא ֶשׁר י‬with ‫ ֵא ַלי‬to distinguish it from its two occurrences with ‫�הינוּ‬ ֵ ‫�הינוּ( ֱא‬ ֵ ‫אמר יְ הוָ ה ֱא‬ ַ ֹ ‫ ) ֲא ֶשׁר י‬at Deut 5:24 and Jer 42:20.

In ML there are only two circelli on this four-word phrase: one on ‫אמר‬ ַ ֹ ‫ ֲא ֶשׁר י‬and one on ‫יְ הוָ ה‬ ‫א ַלי‬. ֵ With four- or five-word phrases it is not unusual for only two circelli to be given; see Josh 1:6 and passim.

1 KINGS 22:15 ‫אמר ֵא ָל ֙יו ֲﬠ ֵל֣ה‬ ֶ ֹ ‫מת גִּ ְל ָ ֛ﬠד ַל ִמּ ְל ָח ָ ֖מה ִאם־נֶ ְח ָ ֑דּל וַ ֤יּ‬ ֹ ֥ ‫ל־ר‬ ָ ‫הוּ ֲהנֵ ֞ ֵל� ֶא‬ ֙ ְ‫יכי‬ ָ֨ ‫אמר ַה ֶ֜מּ ֶל� ֵא ֗ ָליו ִמ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ל־ה ֶמּ ֶל�֒ וַ ֨יּ‬ ַ ‫בוֹא ֶא‬ ֮ ָ‫וַ יּ‬ ‫הו֖ה ְבּ ַי֥ד ַה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ָ ְ‫וְ ַה ְצ ֔ ַלח וְ נָ ַ ֥תן י‬ 22:15

‫וַ יָּ בוֹא‬

Seven times plene in the book

‫מל בסיפ‬ ̇ ̇‫ז‬

1–5 1 Kgs 3:15; 7:14; 13:11; 22:15; 22:30 6–7 1 Kgs 22:37; 2 Kgs 9:30

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma in the book written plene ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (47x) in the book written defective ‫ו‬ (‫)וַ יָּ בֹא‬.

The other Mp headings highlighted above read either fifteen times or sixteen times to note all the other occurrences of this lemma; see 1 Sam 4:13. 22:15

‫ִאם־נֶ ְח ָדּל‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

1 KINGS 22:16 ‫הוֽה׃‬ ָ ְ‫ק־א ֶ ֖מת ְבּ ֵ ֥שׁם י‬ ֱ ‫א־ת ַד ֵ ֥בּר ֵא ַל֛י ַר‬ ְ ֹ ‫ד־כּ ֶ ֥מּה ְפ ָﬠ ִ ֖מים ֲא ִנ֣י ַמ ְשׁ ִבּ ֶﬠ֑� ֠ ֲא ֶשׁר ֽל‬ ַ ‫אמר ֵא ָל ֙יו ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ַﬠ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֤יּ‬ 22:16

�‫ֵא ָליו ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:16; Jer 21:1

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of �‫ ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬preceded by ‫א ָליו‬, ֵ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (12x) preceded by ‫)לוֹ ַה ֶמּ ֶל�( לוֹ‬.

426 22:16

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML ‫ַכּ ֶמּה‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 22:16; Zech 7:3; 2 Chr 18:15

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a səḡôl under the ‫מ‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (9x) with a qameṣ (‫)כּ ָמּה‬. ַ

This distinction is implied in the heading of the Mp at 2 Chr 18:15 which reads three times with səḡôl (‫)ג‬, ֶ ֗ thereby assuming a contrast with a form with a different vowel under the ‫מ‬, which can only be a qameṣ. 22:16

�‫ַמ ְשׁ ִבּ ֶﬠ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:16 (�‫יﬠ‬ ֶ ‫;*)מ ְשׁ ִבּ‬ ַ 2 Chr 18:15 (�‫יﬠ‬ ֶ ‫)מ ְשׁ ִבּ‬ ַ

Com.: The Masorah notes the two forms of this lemma appearing in the parallel passages of 1 Kings and 2 Chronicles.

*ML, contrary to M (�‫יﬠ‬ ֶ ‫)מ ְשׁ ִבּ‬, ַ writes the form here defective ‫;)מ ְשׁ ִבּ ֶﬠ�( י‬ ַ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 117.

Both MC and MA read here �‫יﬠ‬ ֶ ‫מ ְשׁ ִבּ‬. ַ MA has a Mp note that reads twice, but MC does not have a note here.

1 KINGS 22:17 ‫א־אד ִֹנ֣ים‬ ֲ ֹ ‫אמר יְ הוָ ֙ה ֽל‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ין־ל ֶ ֖הם ר ֶֹﬠ֑ה וַ ֤יּ‬ ָ ‫ל־ה ָה ִ ֔רים ַכּ ֕צּ ֹאן ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ֵא‬ ֶ ‫ת־כּל־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל֙ נְ פ ִ ֹ֣צים ֶא‬ ָ ‫יתי ֶא‬ ִ ‫אמר ָר ִ ֤א‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֗יּ‬ ‫יתוֹ ְבּ ָשׁ ֽלוֹם׃‬ ֖ ‫ישׁ־ל ֵב‬ ְ ‫ָל ֵ֔א ֶלּה יָ ֥שׁוּבוּ ִא‬ 22:17

‫נְ פ ִֹצים‬

Twice, once plene and once defective 1 Kgs 22:17; 2 Chr 18:16 (‫פוֹצים‬ ִ ְ‫)נ‬

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫מל וחד‬ ̇ ‫̇ב חד‬

Mp

1 KINGS

427

Com.: The Masorah notes the two forms of this lemma appearing in the parallel passages of 1 Kings 22 and 2 Chronicles 18, one is written defective ‫( ו‬here), and one is written plene ‫( ו‬2 Chronicles). This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets with the same meaning; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §70, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §13. 22:17

‫ָל ֵא ֶלּה‬

Five times

‫̇ה‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 31:43; Num 26:53; 1 Kgs 22:17; Mic 2:6; 2 Chr 18:16 —————————— ‫ ָל ֵא ֶלּה‬five times with qameṣ

‫לאלה ̇ה קמצין‬

Mm

1–5 Gen 31:43 Num 26:53 1 Kgs 22:17 And its companion in Chronicles (2 Chr 18:16) Mic 2:6

‫ולבנתי מה אעשה לאלה‬ ‫תחלק הארץ‬ ‫לא אדנים לאלה‬ ‫וחבירו דדברי הימים‬ ‫אל )תטיפו( ]תטפו[ יטיפון‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences of this lemma with a qameṣ, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with a šəwâ (‫)ל ֵא ֶלּה‬ ְ at 1 Chr 26:12; see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §38C.

1 KINGS 22:18 ‫ם־רע׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫לוֹא ָא ַ ֣מ ְר ִתּי ֵא ֔ ֶלי� ֽלוֹא־יִ ְתנַ ֵ ֥בּא ָﬠ ַל֛י ֖טוֹב ִ ֥כּי ִא‬ ֙ ‫הוֹשׁ ָ ֑פט ֲה‬ ָ ְ‫אמר ֶ ֽמ ֶל�־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ֶאל־י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֥יּ‬ 22:18

‫ֲהלוֹא‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 2:42.

י̇ ז̇ < מ> ̇ל‬

Mp

In ML only the letter ‫ מ‬of this note is visible. However, the whole note is completely preserved in MA. MC has no note here.

428

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 22:19 ‫ימינ֖ וֹ‬ ִ ‫ל־צ ָ ֤בא ַה ָשּׁ ַ֨מיִ ֙ם ע ֵ ֹ֣מד ָﬠ ֔ ָליו ִמ‬ ְ ‫ל־כּ ְס ֔אוֹ וְ ָכ‬ ִ ‫יתי ֶאת־יְ הוָ ֙ה י ֵ ֹ֣שׁב ַﬠ‬ ִ ‫הו֑ה ָר ִ ֤א‬ ָ ְ‫אמר ָל ֵכ֖ן ְשׁ ַ ֣מע ְדּ ַבר־י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֕יּ‬ ‫אלוֹ׃‬ ֽ ֹ ‫וּמ ְשּׂמ‬ ִ

22:19

‫ל־צ ָבא‬ ְ ‫וְ ָכ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:19; 2 Chr 18:18

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in these parallel passages with a ‫ו‬ cj, to distinguish them from its three occurrences without a cj. 22:19

‫וּמ ְשּׂמֹאלוֹ‬ ִ ‫ימינוֹ‬ ִ ‫ִמ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Com.: See 2 Sam 16:6.

1 KINGS 22:20 ‫אמר זֶ ֙ה ְבּ ֔כֹה וְ ֶז֥ה א ֵ ֹ֖מר ְבּ ֽכֹה׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫מת גִּ ְל ָ ֑ﬠד וַ ֤יּ‬ ֹ ֣ ‫ת־א ְח ָ֔אב וְ ַ֕י ַﬠל וְ יִ ֹ֖פּל ְבּ ָר‬ ַ ‫הוה ִ ֤מי יְ ַפ ֶתּ ֙ה ֶא‬ ָ֗ ְ‫אמר י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ 22:20

‫יְ ַפ ֶתּה‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Exod 22:15; 1 Kgs 22:20; Prov 16:29; 2 Chr 18:19

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a paṯaḥ under the ‫פ‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences with a qibbûṣ (‫)יְ ֻפ ֶתּה‬. 22:20

‫וְ יַ ַﬠל‬

‫ וְ יַ ַﬠל‬seven times, and their references 1–5 Exod 10:12 2 Sam 24:22 1 Kgs 22:20 2 Chr 18:19 Ezek 14:7 6–7 Ezra 1:3 2 Chr 36:23

‫נטה‬ ‫ארונה‬ ‫יפתה‬ ‫יפתה‬ ‫וינזר‬ ‫מי בכם‬ ‫כורש מלך‬

‫ויעל ז̇ וסימנהון‬

Mm

1 KINGS

429

Com.: The Masorah notes the seven occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj. (jussive) to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (100+) with a ‫ ו‬consec. (‫ ;)וַ יַּ ַﬠל‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §8D, and 2 Sam 24:22. 22:20

‫וְ יִ פֹּל‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 22:20; Ezek 13:11; 2 Chr 18:19 —————————— ‫ וְ יִ פֹּל‬three times

Mm

‫ויפל ̇ג‬

1 Kgs 22:20 ‫ויעל ויפל ברמות גלעד‬ And its companion (2 Chr 18:19) ‫וחבירו‬ Ezek 13:11 ‫אמר אל טחי תפל‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj. (jussive), to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (43x) with a ‫ ו‬consec. (‫)וַ יִּ פֹּל‬.

1 KINGS 22:21 ‫הו֛ה ֵא ָל֖יו ַבּ ָ ֽמּה׃‬ ָ ְ‫אמר י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫אמר ֲא ִנ֣י ֲא ַפ ֶ ֑תּנּוּ וַ ֧יּ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫הוה וַ ֖יּ‬ ָ֔ ְ‫וַ יֵּ ֵצ֣א ָה ֗ר ַוּ� ַ ֽו יַּ ֲﬠמ ֹ֙ד ִל ְפ ֵנ֣י י‬ 22:21

‫ֲא ַפ ֶתּנּוּ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:21; 2 Chr 18:20

Com.:The Masorah notes the two forms of this lemma appearing in the parallel passages of 1 Kings 22 and 2 Chronicles 18. 22:21

‫ַבּ ָמּה‬

Eight times with qameṣ Com.: See Judg 6:15.

‫ָח‬

Mp

430

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 22:22 ‫ה־כן׃‬ ֽ ֵ ‫ם־תּוּכל ֵצ֖א וַ ֲﬠ ֵשׂ‬ ָ֔ ַ‫אמר ְתּ ַפ ֶתּ ֙ה וְ ג‬ ֶ ֹ ‫יאיו וַ ֗יּ‬ ֑ ָ ‫ית֙י ֣ר ַוּ� ֶ֔שׁ ֶקר ְבּ ִ ֖פי ָכּל־נְ ִב‬ ִ ‫אמר ֵא ֵצ ֙א וְ ָה ִ֨י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֗יּ‬

22:22

‫ְתּ ַפ ֶתּה‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:22; 2 Chr 18:21

Com.: The Masorah notes the two forms of this lemma appearing in the parallel passages of 1 Kings 22 and 2 Chronicles 18.

22:22

‫תּוּכל‬ ָ

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:22; 2 Chr 18:21

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in these parallel passages with a qameṣ, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (11x) with a paṯaḥ (‫)תּוּכל‬. ַ

This distinction is implied in the heading of the Mp at 2 Chr 18:21, which reads twice with qameṣ (‫)ב‬, ָ thereby assuming a contrast with a form with a different vowel under the ‫כ‬, which can only be a paṯaḥ. This enumeration does not include the three occurrences of this lemma occurring with an ʾaṯnaḥ, where a qameṣ would be expected.

1 KINGS 22:23 ‫ֽיהוה ִדּ ֶ ֥בּר ָﬠ ֶל֖י� ָר ָ ֽﬠה׃‬ ָ֔ ‫יאי� ֵ ֑א ֶלּה ַו‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וְ ַﬠ ָ֗תּה ִה ֨ ֵנּה נָ ַ ֤תן יְ הוָ ֙ה ֣ר ַוּ� ֶ֔שׁ ֶקר ְבּ ִ ֖פי ָכּל־נְ ִב‬ 22:23 Three times

�‫ִדּ ֶבּר ָﬠ ֶלי‬ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:23; 1 Chr 22:11; 2 Chr 18:22

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of ‫ ִדּ ֶבּר‬with �‫ﬠ ֶלי‬, ָ to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (6x) with �‫) ִדּ ֶבּר ֵא ֶלי�( ֵא ֶלי‬.

1 KINGS

431

1 KINGS 22:24 ‫אוֹת�׃‬ ֽ ָ ‫הו֛ה ֵמ ִא ִ ֖תּי ְל ַד ֵ ֥בּר‬ ָ ְ‫י־זה ָﬠ ַ ֧בר ֽר ַוּ�־י‬ ֶ֨ ‫אמר ֵא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ל־ה ֶלּ ִ֑חי וַ ֕יּ‬ ַ ‫יכיְ הוּ ַﬠ‬ ֖ ָ ‫ת־מ‬ ִ ‫ן־כּנַ ֲﬠ ֔ ָנה וַ יַּ ֶ ֥כּה ֶא‬ ְ ‫וַ יִּ גַּ ֙שׁ ִצ ְד ִקיָּ ֣הוּ ֶ ֽב‬ 22:24

‫וַ יַּ ֶכּה‬

Ten times

Mp

̇‫י‬

1–5 Josh 10:40; 1 Kgs 22:24; 22:34; 2 Kgs 2:8; 2:14a 6–10 2 Kgs 2:14b; 8:21; Isa 37:36; Jer 20:2; 52:27

—————————— ‫ וַ יַּ ֶכּה‬ten times

̇‫ויכה י‬

Mm

1–5 Josh 10:40 1 Kgs 22:24 1 Kgs 22:34 2 Kgs 2:8 2 Kgs 2:14a 6–10 2 Kgs 2:14b ‫ ָצ ִﬠ ָירה‬of Kings (2 Kgs 8:21) ‫ ְבּ ַמ ֲחנֵ ה אַשּׁוּר‬of Isaiah (Isa 37:36) ‫אוֹתם‬ ָ of Jeremiah (Jer 52:27) Jer 20:2

‫יהושע‬ ‫את מיכיהו‬ ‫בין הדבקים‬ ‫ויגלם‬ ‫אדרת‬ ‫אליהו‬ ‫צעירה דמלכים‬ ‫במחנה אשור דישעיה‬ ‫אותם דירמיה‬ ‫פשחור‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the ten occurrences of this lemma in its unapocopated form, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (73x) written in its usual apocopated form (� ַ‫ ;)וַ יּ‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §34B.

This distinction is implied in the Mm where there are three additional notations in the list. One is an addition of Kings to the 2 Kgs 8:21 reference, another is of Isaiah to the Isa 37:36 reference, and a third is of Jeremiah to the Jer 52:27 reference.

All three additional notations serve to distinguish these references from their respective parallel texts (2 Chr 21:9; 2 Kgs 19:35; 25:21) where the lemma occurs as � ַ‫וַ יּ‬. 22:24

Nine times

�‫אוֹת‬ ָ ‫ְל ַד ֵבּר‬ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1–5 Gen 21:2 (‫;)דּ ֶבּר אֹתוֹ‬ ִ Num 26:3 (‫א ָֹתם‬...‫ ;)וַ יְ ַד ֵבּר‬1 Kgs 22:24 Jer 1:16 (‫אוֹתם‬ ָ ...‫ ;)וְ ִד ַבּ ְר ִתּי‬4:12 (‫אוֹתם‬ ָ ...‫) ֲא ַד ֵבּר‬ 6–9 Jer 5:5 (‫אוֹתם‬ ָ ‫ ;)וַ ֲא ַד ְבּ ָרה‬12:1 (�‫אוֹת‬ ָ ‫ ;) ֲא ַד ֵבּר‬35:2 (‫אוֹתם‬ ָ ‫ ;)וְ ִד ַבּ ְר ָתּי‬2 Chr 18:23 (�‫) ְל ַד ֵבּר א ָֹת‬

432

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: The Masorah notes the nine occurrences, apart from Ezekiel, of forms of the verb ‫ִדּ ֵבּר‬ with sfx. forms of the accusative particle (‫אוֹתי‬, ִ ‫אוֹתוֹ‬, etc.), to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences of this verb with sfx. forms of the indirect particle (‫א ִתּי‬, ִ ‫אתּוֹ‬, ִ etc.); see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §10E. The Mp heading at Gen 21:2 and Num 26:3 reads nine times raṕê, that is, without daḡeš.

The Mp heading at 2 Chr 18:23 reads nine times raṕê ‫דסמ‬, ̇ that is, nine times raṕê closely following (the verb ‫)דּ ֵבּר‬. ִ

At Gen 21:2 and here the circellus has been placed between the verbal form and the accusative particle. However, at Num 26:3, Jer 1:16, and 2 Chr 18:23 the circellus has been placed only on the accusative particle. 22:24

�‫אוֹת‬ ָ

Nine times plene as a masculine

‫בליש זכר‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ‫̇ט‬

Mp

1–5 Judg 13:15; 1 Kgs 20:25 (�‫אוֹת‬ ָ ‫;)מ‬ ֵ 22:24; Jer 19:10; Ezek 2:6 6–9 Ezek 3:22; 21:34; 38:9; 40:4

Com.: The Masorah here and at Jer 19:10 notes the nine occurrences of this lemma written plene ‫ ו‬that are masc., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (15x) that are fem.

Notes on the other highlighted references. Judg 13:15

1 Kgs 20:25

Four times one is liable to error. This refers to the four occurrences, apart from Ezekiel and sôṕ pasûq, of this lemma, written plene and defective ‫ ו‬where, because of its pointing, one might erroneously think that this is a fem. form.

Unique plene. The Mp heading here of unique plene (‫ )ו‬for the form �‫אוֹת‬ ָ ‫ ֵמ‬is inexact since there is no occurrence of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬. The note more precisely should have read unique and plene.

1 KINGS 22:25 ‫יכיְ הוּ ִהנְּ �֥ ר ֶ ֹ֖אה ַבּיּ֣ וֹם ַה ֑הוּא ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ָתּ ֛ב ֹא ֶ ֥ח ֶדר ְבּ ֶ ֖ח ֶדר ְל ֵה ָח ֵ ֽבה׃‬ ָ֔ ‫אמר ִמ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ 22:25

‫ָתּבֹא‬

Eighteen times defective

‫חס‬ ̇ ‫י̇ ̇ח‬

Mp

1 KINGS 1–5 6–10 11–15 16–18

433

Gen 49:6; Exod 23:27; Lev 12:4; Deut 1:37; 17:14 Deut 23:25; 23:26; 24:10; 27:3; 2 Sam 13:5 1 Kgs 22:25; Jer 2:3; All Proverbs; Job 1:7; 2:2 Job 3:24; 29:13; Lam 1:22

Com.: The Masorah notes the eighteen occurrences of this lemma, written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from the more numerous occurrences (66x) of this lemma written plene ‫ו‬ (‫)תּבוֹא‬. ָ

In this enumeration, the four references in the book of Proverbs (3:25; 4:14; 23:10; 26:2) are taken as one reference; see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 249, n. 10.

ML, contrary to M (‫)תּבוֹא‬, ָ has an additional occurrence of this lemma since it writes Job 3:7 defective ‫;)תּבֹא( ו‬ ָ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 288.

Notes on the above highlighted headings. 1

2

3 4 5 22:25

Three of the Mp headings read eighteen times defective (Lev 12:4, Deut 23:25, and 1 Kgs 22:25).

The Mp headings at Deut 17:14 and 27:3 read eighteen times defective and similarly all Proverbs apart from four (2:10, 22:24, 24:25 and 27:10, which are written plene ‫ו‬, ‫)תּבוֹא‬. ָ This enumeration, which excludes Proverbs, would seem to include Job 3:7 (see above) as the eighteenth reference.

The Mp heading at Exod 23:27 of fifteen times defective is probably a graphic error involving ‫ ה‬five and ‫ ח‬eight. It should read eighteen times defective.

The Mp and Mm headings at 2 Sam 13:5 read three times defective in the Prophets noting the occurrences at 2 Sam 13:5, 1 Kgs 22:25, and Jer 2:3.

The Mp headings at Job 1:7 and 29:13 read four times defective in the book correspond to M’s text, but not to ML, which has five occurrences in Job (Job 1:7, 2:2, 3:7, 3:24, and 29:13). ‫ְל ֵה ָח ֵבה‬

Twice written with ‫ה‬ 1 Kgs 22:25; 2 Kgs 7:12

‫כת ̇ה‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

——————————

Mp

434

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

1 Kgs 22:25 2 Kgs 7:12 Jer 49:10 1 Chr 7:34

‫אשר תבא חדר בחדר‬ Mm ‫להחבה בהשדה‬ ‫ונחבה לא יוכל‬ [‫)וחבה( ]יחבה[ )ארם( ]וארם‬

These are written with ‫ה‬

‫אלין כתב ̇ה‬

Com.: The Mp notes the two occurrences of this lemma written with a final ‫ה‬, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence written with a final ‫)ל ֵה ָח ֵבא( א‬ ְ in 2 Chr 18:24. The Mm, which does not have a heading, lists four occurrences of various forms of this lemma which are written with a final ‫ ה‬instead an expected final ‫א‬.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that normally end in an ‫ א‬but are written here with a ‫ ;ה‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §180.

1 KINGS 22:26 ‫ן־ה ֶ ֽמּ ֶל�׃‬ ַ ‫ל־יוֹאשׁ ֶבּ‬ ָ֖ ‫ר־ה ִ ֑ﬠיר וְ ֶא‬ ָ ‫מן ַשׂ‬ ֹ ֣ ‫ל־א‬ ָ ‫יבהוּ ֶא‬ ֖ ֵ ‫יכיְ הוּ וַ ֲה ִשׁ‬ ָ֔ ‫ת־מ‬ ִ ‫אמ ֙ר ֶ ֣מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ַ ֚קח ֶא‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֨יּ‬ 22:26

‫יבהוּ‬ ֵ ‫וַ ֲה ִשׁ‬

Unique and written this way

‫וכת כן‬ ̇ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes that this lemma is unique and written with a ṣerê under the ‫ב‬, to distinguish it from its parallel in 2 Chr 18:25, where the form occurs with a qibbûṣ under the ‫יבהוּ( ב‬ ֻ ‫)וַ ֲה ִשׁ‬.

1 KINGS 22:27 ‫וּמיִ ם ֔ ַל ַחץ ַ ֖ﬠד בּ ִ ֹ֥אי ְב ָשׁ ֽלוֹם׃‬ ֣ ַ ‫ילהוּ ֶל ֶ֤חם ֨ ַל ַח ֙ץ‬ ֻ ֨ ‫ת־ז֖ה ֵבּ֣ית ַה ֶכּ ֶ֑לא וְ ַה ֲא ִכ‬ ֶ ‫וְ ָא ַמ ְר ָ֗תּ ֹ֚כּה ָא ַ ֣מר ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� ִ ֥שׂימוּ ֶא‬ 22:27

‫ילהוּ‬ ֻ ‫וְ ַה ֲא ִכ‬

Twice and defective

‫וחס‬ ̇ ‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:27 (‫ ;*)וְ ַה ֲא ִכ ֻלהוּ‬2 Chr 18:26 (‫)וְ ַה ֲא ִכ ֻלהוּ‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two forms of this lemma appearing in the parallel passages of 1 Kings and 2 Chronicles. By noting that this lemma occurs twice and written defective ‫י‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written plene ‫י‬.

1 KINGS

435

*ML, contrary to M (‫)וְ ַה ֲא ִכ ֻלהוּ‬, writes the form here plene ‫ ;)וְ ַה ֲא ִכ ֻילהוּ( י‬see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 118, but the Masoretic note supports the enumeration inherent in the text of M.

Both MC and MA read here ‫ וְ ַה ֲא ִכ ֻלהוּ‬though the editor of MC notes that there was an earlier reading in the text of ‫ילהוּ‬ ֻ ‫ ;וְ ַה ֲא ִכ‬see Castro, Reyes, 3:167. The Mp of MA reads twice and defective, C but the Mp of M just reads unique defective.

1 KINGS 22:28 ‫אמר ִשׁ ְמ ֖ﬠוּ ַﬠ ִ ֥מּים ֻכּ ָ ֽלּם׃‬ ֶ ֹ ‫הו֖ה ִ ֑בּי וַ ֕יּ‬ ָ ְ‫א־ד ֶ ֥בּר י‬ ִ ֹ ‫שׁוּב ְבּ ָשׁ ֔לוֹם ֽל‬ ֙ ‫ם־שׁוֹב ָתּ‬ ֤ ‫יכיְ הוּ ִא‬ ָ֔ ‫אמר ִמ‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ ֣יּ‬ 22:28

‫ִשׁ ְמעוּ ַﬠ ִמּים‬

Three times

Mp

‫̇ג‬

1 Kgs 22:28; Mic 1:2; 2 Chr 18:27

Com.: The Masorah notes the three occurrences of ‫ ַﬠ ִמּים‬with ‫שׁ ְמעוּ‬, ִ to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with ‫ ) ָשׁ ְמעוּ ַﬠ ִמּים( ָשׁ ְמעוּ‬at Exod 15:14.

1 KINGS 22:30 ‫הוֹשׁ ֗ ָפט ִה ְת ַח ֵפּ ֙שׂ וָ ֣ב ֹא ַב ִמּ ְל ָח ָ֔מה וְ ַא ָ ֖תּה ְל ַ ֣בשׁ ְבּגָ ֶ ֑די� וַ יִּ ְת ַח ֵפּ ֙שׂ ֶ ֣מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל וַ יָּ ֖בוֹא‬ ָ ְ‫אמר֩ ֶ֨מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֜אל ֶאל־י‬ ֶ ֹ ‫וַ יּ‬ ‫ַבּ ִמּ ְל ָח ָ ֽמה׃‬ 22:30

‫וָ בֹא‬

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Com.: See 1 Kgs 3:7. 22:30

‫ְל ַבשׁ‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

Mp

1 Kgs 22:30; 2 Chr 18:29

Com.: The Masorah notes the two forms of this lemma in these parallel passages with a šəwâ under the ‫ל‬, to distinguish them from its three occurrences with a qameṣ (‫)ל ַבשׁ‬. ָ 22:30

‫וַ יָּ בוֹא‬

Sixteen times plene

Com.: See 1 Sam 4:13.

‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫י̇ ו‬

Mp

436

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 22:31

‫ת־ק ֖טֹן וְ ֶאת־גָּ ֑דוֹל ִ ֛כּי ִ ֽאם־‬ ָ ‫מר ֚ל ֹא ִתּ ָלּ ֲ֣ח ֔מוּ ֶא‬ ֹ ֔ ‫וּשׁ ֨ ַניִ ֙ם ֵלא‬ ְ ‫�שׁים‬ ֤ ִ ‫ר־לוֹ ְשׁ‬ ֜ ‫ת־שׂ ֵרי֩ ָה ֶ ֨ר ֶכב ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ָ ‫וּמ ֶל� ֲא ָ ֡רם ִצָוּ֣ה ֶא‬ ֶ֣ ‫ת־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ְל ַב ֽדּוֹ׃‬ ֥ ֶ ‫ֶא‬ 22:31

‫ת־קטֹן‬ ָ ‫ֶא‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of ‫ ֶאת‬with ‫קטֹן‬,ָ to distinguish it from its sole occurrence with ‫ת־ה ָקּטֹן( ַה ָקּטֹן‬ ַ ‫)א‬ ֶ in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 18:30. 22:31

‫וְ ֶאת־גָּ דוֹל‬

Mp

Unique

‫̇ל‬

22:31

‫ת־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל ְל ַבדּוֹ‬ ֶ ‫ֶא‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma to distinguish it from the form (‫ת־הגָּ דוֹל‬ ַ ‫)א‬ ֶ in the parallel passage at 2 Chr 18:30.

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:31; 2 Chr 18:30

Com.: The Masorah notes the two forms of this lemma appearing in the parallel passages of 1 Kings 22 and 2 Chronicles 18.

In ML only one circellus has been placed on the first two words but, since this phrase occurs more than two times, it is most likely that the note belongs on the four words ‫ת־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵאל‬ ֶ ‫ֶא‬ ‫ל ַבדּוֹ‬,ְ that only occur twice.

1 KINGS 22:33 ‫א־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֖אל ֑הוּא וַ יָּ ֖שׁוּבוּ ֵמ ַא ֲח ָ ֽריו׃‬ ֥ ֶ ֹ ‫אוֹת ָשׂ ֵ ֣רי ָה ֶ ֔ר ֶכב ִ ֽכּי־ל‬ ֙ ‫וַ יְ ִ֗הי ִכּ ְר‬ 22:33

‫וַ יָּ שׁוּבוּ‬

Six times plene in the Prophets Com.: See Judg 8:33.

‫בנביא‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1 KINGS

437

1 KINGS 22:34 ֛�‫אמר ְל ַר ָכּ ֗בוֹ ֲה ֹ֥פ� יָ ְד‬ ֶ ֹ ‫ת־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ֵ ֥בּין ַה ְדּ ָב ִ ֖ קים ֵוּב֣ין ַה ִשּׁ ְר ָ ֑י ן וַ ֣יּ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫וְ ִ֗אישׁ ָמ ַ ֤שׁ� ַבּ ֶ ֨קּ ֶשׁ ֙ת ְל ֻת ֔מּוֹ וַ יַּ ֶכּ ֙ה ֶא‬ ‫יתי׃‬ ִ ‫ן־ה ַמּ ֲח ֶנ֖ה ִ ֥כּי ָה ֳח ֵ ֽל‬ ֽ ַ ‫יאנִ י ִמ‬ ֥ ֵ ‫הוֹצ‬ ִ ְ‫ו‬ 22:34

‫וַ יַּ ֶכּה‬

Ten times

Mp

̇‫י‬

Com.: See directly above at 1 Kgs 22:24. 22:34

‫ַה ְדּ ָב ִקים‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:34; 2 Chr 18:33

Com.: The Masorah notes the two forms of this lemma appearing in the parallel passages of 1 Kings 22 and 2 Chronicles 18. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of doublets with an initial ‫ ַה‬or ‫ ֲ;ה‬see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §64, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §65.

22:34

‫ַה ִשּׁ ְריָ ן‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:34; 2 Chr 18:33

Com.: The Masorah notes the two forms of this lemma in these parallel passages with the def. article, to distinguish them from its sole occurrence with the prep. ‫)כּ ִשּׁ ְריָ ן( כ‬ ַ at Isa 59:17. 22:34

�‫ֲהפֹ� יָ ְד‬

Six pairs 1 2 3 4 5 6

‫ו̇ זוגין‬

Mp

Gen 18:18 and Isa 39:8 Exod 23:26 and Lev 7:33 Lev 11:12 and Deut 14:10 2 Sam 17:17 and 2 Chr 30:3 2 Sam 24:17 and Qoh 9:10 1 Kgs 22:34 and 2 Chr 18:33

——————————

438

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Six pairs where one might err because of the accents, and their references 1 2 3 4 5

6

‫מטע בטעמיה וסימנהון‬ ̇ ‫ו̇ זוגין‬

2 Chr 18:33

Gen 18:18 Isa 39:8 Lev 7:33 Exod 23:26 ‫ וְ כֹל ֲא ֶשׁר ֵאין לוֹ‬of Deuteronomy (Deut 14:10) ‫ כֹּל ֲא ֶשׁר ֵאין־לוֹ‬of Leviticus (Lev 11:12) Qoh 9:10

2 Chr 30:3 2 Sam17:17

Mm

‫הפך[ ידך֛ והוצאתני מן‬ ֧ ] (‫הפך‬ ֥ ) ‫ואברהם הי֧ ו יהי֪ ה‬ ‫כי יהי֛ ה שלום‬ ‫ל֧ ו תהי֛ ה שוק הימין‬ ‫לא תהיה משכלה ועקרה‬ ‫אשר אין ל֛ ו דמשנה תורה‬ ֧ ‫וכל‬ ‫אשר אין ל֛ ו דתורת כהנים‬ ֥ ‫כל‬ ֛‫תמצא ידך‬ ֧ {‫כל אשר }תמצא‬ [‫כי ל֧ א )יוכל֛ ו( ]יכל֛ ו‬ ‫כי ל֥ א יוכל֛ ו‬

Com.: The Masorah notes six cases of parallel phrases where errors might be made in their accents. One phrase of the pair has the accents dargâ and təḇîr, whereas the second phrase has the accents mêrəḵâ and təḇîr; see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §221. Note that the various accents have actually been written in the Mm note.

22:34

Unique

‫יאנִ י‬ ֵ ‫הוֹצ‬ ִ ְ‫ו‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma, to distinguish it from the two occurrences of the form ‫אתנִ י‬ ַ ‫הוֹצ‬ ֵ ְ‫ ו‬in Gen 40:14 and in the parallel passage 2 Chr 18:33.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of hapax legomena coming from the root ‫ ;יָ ָצא‬see Ognibeni, ’Oklah, §2U.

1 KINGS 22:35 ‫ם־ה ַמּ ָ ֖כּה ֶאל־‬ ַ ‫וַ ַתּ ֲﬠ ֶל֤ה ַה ִמּ ְל ָח ָמ ֙ה ַבּיּ֣ וֹם ַה ֔הוּא וְ ַה ֶ֗מּ ֶל� ָה ָי֧ה ָמ ֳﬠ ָ ֛מד ַבּ ֶמּ ְר ָכּ ָ ֖בה ֹ֣נ ַכח ֲא ָ ֑רם וַ יָּ ָ֣מת ָבּ ֔ ֶﬠ ֶרב וַ יִּ ֶ֥צק ַ ֽדּ‬ ‫ֵ ֥חיק ָה ָ ֽר ֶכב׃‬ 22:35 Three times

‫וַ ַתּ ֲﬠ ֶלה‬ ‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 10:29.

1 KINGS 22:35

‫ָמ ֳﬠ ָמד‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

439

Mp

1 Kgs 22:35; Ps 69:3 22:35

‫וַ יִּ ֶצק‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma (qal impf. of ‫ )יָ ַצק‬pointed with a səḡôl, to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (9x) pointed with a ḥolem (‫)וַ יִּ צֹק‬.

1 KINGS 22:36 ‫ל־א ְר ֽצוֹ׃‬ ַ ‫ל־ﬠ ֖ירוֹ וְ ִ ֥אישׁ ֶא‬ ִ ‫מר ִ ֥אישׁ ֶא‬ ֹ ֑ ‫וַ יַּ ֲﬠ ֤בֹר ָה ִרנָּ ֙ה ַ ֽבּ ַמּ ֲח ֔ ֶנה ְכּ ֥ב ֹא ַה ֶ ֖שּׁ ֶמשׁ ֵלא‬ 22:36

‫ְכּבֹא‬

Six times defective:

‫חס‬ ̇ ̇‫ו‬

Mp

1–5 Exod 33:9; Deut 23:12 (‫;)וּכבֹא‬ ְ 1 Kgs 22:36; 2 Kgs 6:32; 10:2 6 2 Kgs 10:7

Com.: The Masorah notes the six occurrences of this lemma written defective ‫ו‬, to distinguish them from its ten occurrences written plene ‫וּכבוֹא( ו‬ ְ /‫) ְכּבוֹא‬.

ML, contrary to M (‫)כּבוֹא‬, ְ has a seventh occurrence of this lemma, since it writes Deut 24:13 defective ‫;)כּבֹא( ו‬ ְ see Breuer, The Biblical Text, 39. But all the Mp headings highlighted above support the enumeration inherent in the text of M.

The Mp heading at 2 Kgs 6:32 of six times and defective (implying that there are no other occurrences of the lemma written plene) is inaccurate. More precisely it should have read, with the other four Mp headings highlighted above, just six times defective. 22:36

‫ל־אַרצוֹ‬ ְ ‫וְ ִאישׁ ֶא‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:36; Isa 13:14

440

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML 1 KINGS 22:37 ‫ת־ה ֶ ֖מּ ֶל� ְבּשׁ ְֹמ ֽרוֹן׃‬ ַ ‫וַ יָּ ָ֣מת ַה ֶ֔מּ ֶל� וַ יָּ ֖בוֹא שׁ ְֹמ ֑רוֹן וַ יִּ ְק ְבּ ֥רוּ ֶא‬

22:37

‫וַ יָּ בוֹא‬

Sixteen times plene, and similarly all Esther apart from two

‫דכות ̇ב ̇מ ̇ב‬ ̇ ‫מל וכל מגלת‬ ̇ ̇‫י̇ ו‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Sam 4:13.

1 KINGS 22:38 ‫הו֖ה ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ִדּ ֵ ֽבּר׃‬ ָ ְ‫ת־דּ ֔מוֹ וְ ַהזֹּנ֖ וֹת ָר ָ ֑חצוּ ִכּ ְד ַ ֥בר י‬ ָ ‫ים ֶא‬ ֙ ‫ת־ה ֶ ֜ר ֶכב ַﬠ֣ל ׀ ְבּ ֵר ַכ֣ת שׁ ְֹמ ֗רוֹן וַ יָּ �֤ קּוּ ַה ְכּ ָל ִב‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ֨טֹף ֶא‬ 22:38

‫וַ יָּ �קּוּ‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬consec., to distinguish it from its sole occurrence without a ‫ )יָ �קּוּ( ו‬at 1 Kgs 21:19. 22:38

Unique

‫וְ ַהזֹּנוֹת‬ ‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its two occurrences without a cj. at Ezek 6:9 and Hos 4:14.

1 KINGS 22:39 ‫תוּבים ַﬠל־‬ ִ֗ ‫וֹא־הם ְכּ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫שׁר ָבּ ָנ֑ה ֲה ֽל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־ה ָﬠ ִ ֖רים ֲא‬ ֶ ‫שׁר ָבּ ֔ ָנה וְ ָכ‬ ֣ ֶ ‫שּׁן ֲא‬ ֙ ֵ ‫וּבית ַה‬ ֤ ֵ ‫שׁר ָﬠ ָ֗שׂה‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ל־א‬ ֲ ‫וְ יֶ ֶתר֩ ִדּ ְב ֵ ֨רי ַא ְח ָ֜אב וְ ָכ‬ ‫ֵ ֛ס ֶפר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי ַהיָּ ִ ֖מים ְל ַמ ְל ֵ ֥כי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ 22:39

‫אַח ָאב‬ ְ ‫וְ יֶ ֶתר֩ ִדּ ְב ֵ ֨רי‬

Four times with the accents (təlîšâ qəṭannâ and ʾazlâ) 1 Kgs 22:39; 2 Kgs 14:15; 14:28; 2 Chr 36:8 ——————————

‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

Mp

1 KINGS ‫ וְ יֶ ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵרי‬four times with the accents (təlîšâ qəṭannâ and ʾazlâ), and their references 1 Kgs 22:39 2 Kgs 14:15 2 Kgs 14:28 ‫ יְ הוֹיָ ִקים‬of Chronicles (2 Chr 36:8)

441

‫בטע וסימנהון‬ ̇ ‫ויתר דברי ̇ד‬

Mm

‫אחאב‬ ‫יהואש‬ ‫ירבעם‬ ‫יהויקים דדברי ימים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of ‫ וְ יֶ ֶתר֩ ִדּ ְב ֵ ֨רי‬with the accents təlîšâ qəṭannâ and ʾazlâ, to distinguish them from occurrences of ‫ וְ יֶ ֶתר‬with other accents such as ʾazlâ and mêrəḵâ (2 Kgs 10:34, Jehu), ʾazlâ and mahpaḵ (2 Kgs 21:17, Manasseh) and təḇîr (2 Kgs 15:36, Jotham; 2 Kgs 16:19, Ahaz).

This distinction is implied in the Mm where there is an additional notation of Chronicles to the 2 Chr 36:8 reference, which distinguishes it from its parallel passage in 2 Kgs 24:5, which has different accents (təḇîr and mêrəḵâ). 22:39

‫ל־ה ָﬠ ִרים‬ ֶ ‫וְ ָכ‬

Mp

Unique

‫̇ל‬

22:39

‫ֲהלוֹא‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish it from its more numerous occurrences (8x) without a cj. Seventeen times plene in the book Com.: See 1 Kgs 2:42.

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫מל‬ ̇ ̇‫ז̇ י‬

Mp

In ML the numeral ̇‫ י̇ ז‬seventeen has been written inverted as ̇‫ז̇ י‬.

1 KINGS 22:42 ‫ת־שׁ ְל ִ ֽחי׃‬ ִ ‫זוּבה ַבּ‬ ֖ ָ ‫שׁם ִא ֔מּוֹ ֲﬠ‬ ֣ ֵ ְ‫ירוּשׁ ָל֑� ו‬ ָ ‫�שׁים וְ ָח ֵ ֤משׁ ָשׁנָ ֙ה ְבּ ָמ ְל ֔כוֹ וְ ֶﬠ ְשׂ ִ ֤רים וְ ָח ֵמ ֙שׁ ָשׁ ֔ ָנה ָמ ַ ֖ל� ִבּ‬ ִ֨ ‫ן־שׁ‬ ְ ‫הוֹשׁ ֗ ָפט ֶבּ‬ ָ ְ‫י‬ 22:42

All plene

‫זוּבה‬ ָ ‫ֲﬠ‬ ‫מל‬ ̇ ‫כל‬ ̇

Mp

1–5 1 Kgs 22:42; Isa 54:6; 60:15; 62:4; Jer 4:29 6–9 Zeph 2:4; 1 Chr 2:18; 2:19; 2 Chr 20:31

442

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

Com.: By noting that all (= nine) occurrences of this lemma are written plene ‫ו‬, the Masorah is also implying (correctly) that this lemma does not occur elsewhere written defective ‫ו‬. 22:42

‫ִשׁ ְל ִחי‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:42; 2 Chr 20:31

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in these parallel passages with a ḥîreq under the ‫( שׁ‬a name, Shilhi), to distinguish them from its two occurrences with a ḥolem (‫שׁ ְֹל ִחי‬, one who sends me) at 2 Sam 24:13 and 1 Chr 21:12.

1 KINGS 22:43 ‫הוֽה׃‬ ָ ְ‫א־סר ִמ ֶ ֑מּנּוּ ַל ֲﬠ ֥שׂוֹת ַהיָּ ָ ֖שׁר ְבּ ֵﬠ ֵינ֥י י‬ ֣ ָ ֹ ‫ל־דּ ֶר� ָא ָ ֥סא ָא ִ ֖ביו ל‬ ֛ ֶ ‫וַ ֵ֗יּ ֶל� ְבּ ָכ‬ 22:43

‫ִמ ֶמּנּוּ‬

Five times when it is supposed (that ‫ ִמ ֶמּנּוּ‬should be read) ‫ִמ ֶמּנָּ ה‬ 1–5 Lev 6:8; 27:9; Judg 11:34; 1 Kgs 22:43; 2 Kgs 4:39 ——————————

‫ ִמ ֶמּנּוּ‬five times when it is supposed (that ‫ ִמ ֶמּנּוּ‬should be read) ‫ִמ ֶמּנָּ ה‬ 1–5 Lev 6:8 Lev 27:9 Judg 11:34 2 Kgs 4:39 1 Kgs 22:43

(= ‫)יִ ְפ ָתּח‬ (= ‫)ל ַל ֵקּט‬ ְ (= �‫ֶ)דּ ֶר‬

‫סברי ממנה‬ ̇ ‫ממנו ̇ה‬

‫̇ה סברי̇ ממנה‬

Mp

Mm

(= ‫)אפרים( ]אפריש[ )וְ ֵה ִרים‬ (= ‫)בּ ֵה ָמה‬ ְ ‫בעירה‬ ‫דיפתח‬ ‫ולקט‬ ‫)באורתה( ]באורחה[ דמלכים‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the five occurrences when it is thought (incorrectly) that this lemma should be read as ‫מ ֶמּנָּ ה‬. ִ There is a difference of opinion among the sources whether this number should be five or six to include Josh 1:7. The catchwords are given in the form of an Aramaic mnemonic “he separated the cattle of Jephthah, and gleaned in the path (of Kings)”; see Marcus, Scribal Wit, 79–80. For the Lev 6:8 reference the Mm reads ‫ אפרים‬but, as is seen in other sources, it should be ‫ אפרישׁ‬connecting with Hebrew ‫וְ ֵה ִרים‬.

1 KINGS

443

1 KINGS 22:45 ‫ם־מ ֶל� יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ֥ ֶ ‫הוֹשׁ ָ ֖פט ִﬠ‬ ָ ְ‫וַ יַּ ְשׁ ֵ ֥לם י‬ 22:45

‫וַ יַּ ְשׁ ֵלם‬

Unique

‫̇ל‬

Mp

Com.: The Masorah notes the sole occurrence of this lemma in the hiphil, to distinguish it from its sole occurrence in the qal (‫ )וַ יִּ ְשׁ ָלם‬at Job 9:4.

1 KINGS 22:46 ‫ל־ס ֶפר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֥רי ַהיָּ ִ ֖מים ְל ַמ ְל ֵ ֥כי‬ ֛ ֵ ‫תוּבים ַﬠ‬ ִ֗ ‫א־הם ְכּ‬ ֣ ֵ ֹ ‫שׁר נִ ְל ָ ֑חם ֲה ֽל‬ ֣ ֶ ‫ר־ﬠ ָ ֖שׂה וַ ֲא‬ ָ ‫בוּר ֥תוֹ ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ָ ְ‫הוֹשׁ ָ ֛פט וּג‬ ָ ְ‫וְ ֶ֨י ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֧רי י‬ ‫הוּדה׃‬ ֽ ָ ְ‫י‬ 22:46

‫וְ ֶ֨י ֶתר ִדּ ְב ֵ ֧רי‬

Five times with these accents Com.: See 1 Kgs 11:41. 22:46

‫וַ ֲא ֶשׁר נִ ְל ָחם‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

‫בטע‬ ̇ ‫̇ה‬

Mp

Mp

1 Kgs 22:46; 2 Kgs 14:15 (‫)נִ ְל ַחם‬

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (12x) without a cj.

1 KINGS 22:48 ‫וּמ ֶל� ֵ ֛אין ֶבּ ֱא ֖דוֹם נִ ָ ֥צּב ֶ ֽמ ֶל�׃‬ ֶ֥ 22:48

�‫וּמ ֶל‬ ֶ

Thirty-seven verses with the same initial and final (word) 1–5

‫וסופ חד‬ ̇ ‫ראש‬ ̇ ‫̇לז̇ פסוק‬

Exod 26:24 (‫יִ ְהיוּ‬/‫ ;)וְ יִ ְהיוּ‬32:16 (‫ ַה ֻלּחֹת‬/‫ ;)וְ ַה ֻלּחֹת‬Num 8:12 (‫ ַה ְלוִ יִּ ם‬/‫)וְ ַה ְלוִ יִּ ם‬ Num 31:40 (‫נָ ֶפשׁ‬/‫ ;)וְ נֶ ֶפשׁ‬32:1 (‫ ִמ ְקנֶ ה‬/‫וּמ ְקנֶ ה‬ ִ ) 6–10 Num 32:41 (‫יָ ִאיר‬/‫ ;וְ יָ ִאיר‬Josh 15:25 (‫ ָחצוֹר‬/‫ ;)וְ ָחצוֹר‬Judg 11:1 (‫יִ ְפ ָתּח‬/‫)וְ יִ ְפ ָתּח‬ 1 Sam 26:23 (‫יְ הוָ ה‬/‫ ;)וַ יהוָ ה‬2 Sam 9:12 (‫ ִל ְמ ִפיב ֶֹשׁת‬/‫)וְ ִל ְמ ִפיב ֶֹשׁת‬

Mp

444

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

11–15 2 Sam 19:8 (‫ ַﬠ ָתּה‬/‫ ;)וְ ַﬠ ָתּה‬1 Kgs 22:48 (�‫ ֶמ ֶל‬/�‫וּמ ֶל‬ ֶ ); 2 Kgs 23:25 (‫ ָכּמֹהוּ‬/‫)וְ ָכמֹהוּ‬ Esth 7:7 (�‫ ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬/�‫ ;)וְ ַה ֶמּ ֶל‬Neh 11:21 (‫ ַהנְּ ִתינִ ים‬/‫)וְ ַהנְּ ִתינִ ים‬ 16 1 Chr 9:8 (‫יִ ְבנִ יָּ ה‬/‫)וְ יִ ְבנְ יָ ה‬

Com.: The Mp heading here of thirty-seven is incorrect since there are only sixteen occurrences of this lemma, a list of verses in which the initial word with a ‫ ו‬cj. and the last word (without a ‫ ו‬cj.) of the verse are the same; see Ginsburg, 4, ‫ו‬, §98 and, for a different enumeration, see Dotan/Reich, Masora Thesaurus, ad loc. Neither MC nor MA has a note on this lemma here.

1 KINGS 22:49 ‫אוֹפ ָירה ַלזָּ ָ ֖הב וְ ֣ל ֹא ָה ָל֑� ִ ֽכּי־נִ ְשׁ ְבּ ֻ ֥רה ֳאנִ יּ֖ וֹת ְבּ ֶﬠ ְצי֥ וֹן ָ ֽגּ ֶבר׃‬ ֛ ִ ‫הוֹשׁ ֡ ָפט ָﬠ ָשׂר֩ ֳאנִ יּ֨ וֹת ַתּ ְר ִ֜שׁישׁ ָל ֶל ֶ֧כת‬ ָ ְ‫י‬ 22:49

Read ‫ָﬠ ָשׂה‬

‫ָﬠ ָשׂר‬ ‫עשה קרי‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫עשר‬, ten) and the qərê (‫ﬠ ָשׂה‬, ָ he made) represent cases of kəṯîḇ/qərê, where a combination of both gives a good reading: he made ten (Tarshish ships); see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 155–56. 22:49

‫אוֹפ ָירה‬ ִ

Three times

‫̇ג‬

Mp

Com.: See 1 Kgs 9:28. 22:49

‫נִ ְשׁ ְבּ ֻרה‬

Read ‫נִ ְשׁ ְבּרוּ‬

‫נשברו קרי‬

Mp

Com.: The kəṯîḇ (‫ )נשברה‬represents an example of the archaic 3rd pers. fem. pl., whereas the qərê (‫ )נִ ְשׁ ְבּרוּ‬represents the 3rd pers. masc. pl.; see Gordis, The Biblical Text, 104–5. This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words ending in a ‫ ה‬but are read as a ‫ ;ו‬see the Mm at Lev 21:5 sub ‫יִ ְק ְר ֻחה‬, the Mm at Lam 4:17 sub ‫עוֹדינֻ ה‬, ֵ Frensdorff, Ochlah, §113, and Díaz-Esteban, Sefer Oklah we-Oklah, §95.

1 KINGS

445

1 KINGS 22:50 ‫הוֹשׁ ָ ֽפט׃‬ ָ ְ‫ם־ﬠ ָב ֶ ֖די� ָבּ ֳאנִ יּ֑ וֹת וְ ֥ל ֹא ָא ָ ֖בה י‬ ֲ ‫וֹשׁ ֔ ָפט יֵ ְל ֧כוּ ֲﬠ ָב ַ ֛די ִﬠ‬ ָ ‫ן־א ְח ָא ֙ב ֶאל־יְ ֣ה‬ ַ ‫֠ ָאז ָא ַ֞מר ֲא ַחזְ ָי֤הוּ ֶב‬ 22:50

‫ָבּ ֳאנִ יּוֹת‬

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Deut 28:68; 1 Kgs 22:50; Isa 43:14; Ps 107:23

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with the prep. ‫ב‬, to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (18x) without a preposition.

This lemma is featured in a Masoretic list of words that occur five times, four without a ‫ ו‬cj. (see above), and once with a cj. (Dan 11:40); see Frensdorff, Ochlah, §17.

1 KINGS 22:51 ‫הוֹרם ְבּנ֖ וֹ ַתּ ְח ָ ֽתּיו׃ ס‬ ֥ ָ ְ‫ם־אב ָֹ֔תיו ְבּ ִ ֖ﬠיר ָדִּו֣ד ָא ִ ֑ביו וַ יִּ ְמ�֛ � י‬ ֲ ‫ם־אב ָֹ֔תיו וַ יִּ ָקּ ֵב ֙ר ִﬠ‬ ֲ ‫וֹשׁ ָפ ֙ט ִﬠ‬ ָ ‫וַ יִּ ְשׁ ַ ֤כּב יְ ֽה‬ 22:51

‫ְבּ ִﬠיר ָדּוִ ד ָא ִביו‬

Four times in the book

Com.: See 1 Kgs 11:27.

Mp

‫בסיפ‬ ̇ ‫̇ד‬

In ML only one circellus has been placed on the first two words.

1 KINGS 22:53 ‫וּב ֶ ֨ד ֶר ֙� יָ ָר ְב ָ ֣ﬠם ֶבּן־נְ ָ֔בט ֲא ֶ ֥שׁר ֶה ֱח ִ ֖טיא ֶאת־יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ ֽאל׃‬ ְ ‫וּב ֶד ֶ֣ר� ִא ֔מּוֹ‬ ְ ‫הו֑ה וַ ֵ֗יּ ֶל� ְבּ ֶ ֤ד ֶר� ָא ִב ֙יו‬ ָ ְ‫וַ יַּ ַ֥ﬠשׂ ָה ַ ֖רע ְבּ ֵﬠ ֵינ֣י י‬ 22:53 Four times

�‫וּב ֶד ֶר‬ ְ 1 ‫̇ד‬

Mp

Num 9:13; 1 Kgs 22:53a; 22:53b; Ps 1:1

Com.: The Masorah notes the four occurrences of this lemma with a ‫ ו‬cj., to distinguish them from its more numerous occurrences (56x) without a cj.

446

THE MASORAH OF THE FORMER PROPHETS IN ML

22:53

�‫וּב ֶד ֶר‬ ְ 2

Four times

‫̇ד‬

Mp

Com.: See directly above.

1 KINGS 22:54 ‫ר־ﬠ ָ ֖שׂה ָא ִ ֽביו׃‬ ָ ‫�הי יִ ְשׂ ָר ֵ֔אל ְכּ ֥כֹל ֲא ֶשׁ‬ ֣ ֵ ‫ת־ה ַ֔בּ ַﬠל וַ ִ ֽיּ ְשׁ ַתּ ֲחֶו֖ה ל֑ וֹ וַ יַּ ְכ ֗ ֵﬠס ֶאת־יְ הוָ ֙ה ֱא‬ ַ ‫ַוֽ יַּ ֲﬠב ֹ֙ד ֶא‬ 22:54

‫וַ יַּ ְכ ֵﬠס‬

Twice

‫̇ב‬

Mp

1 Kgs 22:54; 2 Chr 28:25

Com.: The Masorah notes the two occurrences of this lemma in the hiphil, to distinguish them from its two occurrences in the qal (‫ )וַ יִּ ְכ ַﬠס‬at Neh 3:33 and 2 Chr 16:10.