The Diatessaron in the Syriac Acts of John / Jacob of Serug and the Diatessaron [Illustrated] 9781607249696, 1607249693

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The Diatessaron in the Syriac Acts of John / Jacob of Serug and the Diatessaron

Analecta Gorgiana

491 Series Editor George Anton Kiraz

Analecta Gorgiana is a collection of long essays and short monographs which are consistently cited by modern scholars but previously difficult to find because of their original appearance in obscure publications. Carefully selected by a team of scholars based on their relevance to modern scholarship, these essays can now be fully utilized by scholars and proudly owned by libraries.

The Diatessaron in the Syriac Acts of John / Jacob of Serug and the Diatessaron

R. H. Connolly

i gorgias press 2010

Gorgias Press LLC, 180 Centennial Ave., Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA www.gorgiaspress.com Copyright © 2010 by Gorgias Press LLC Originally published in All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise without the prior written permission of Gorgias Press LLC. 2010

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ISBN 978-1-60724-969-6

ISSN 1935-6854 Extract from (1907)

Printed in the United States of America

H E N ItV F R O V . ' D E , M . A . »•UBI.IMIÏR TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD LONDON, EDINBURGH NEW YORK AND TORONTO

The

^Journal

of Theological Studies

VOLUME

VIII

OXFORD AT T H E CLARENDON 1907

PRESS

V. ¥

3DS>0à COMMITTEE

OF

DIRECTION-

Rev. D R . INCE, Regius Professor of Divinity, Oxford. Rev. D R . SWJETE, Regius Professor of Divinity, Cambridge. Rev. D R . D R I V E R , Regius Professor of Hebrew, Oxford. Rev. D R . BIGG, Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History, Oxford Rev. D R . B A R N E S , Hulsean Professor of Divinity, Cambridge. F . C, B U R K I T T , Norrisian Professor of Divinity, Cambridge. Rev. D R . HEADLAM, Principal of King's College, London. Very Rev. D R . K I R K P A T R I C K , Dean of Ely. Rev. D R . LOCK, Dean Ireland's Professor of Exegesis, Oxford. Rev. D R . MASON, Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge. Very Rev. D R . J. ARMITAGE ROBINSON, Dean of Westminster. Rev, D R . SANDAY, Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity, Oxford. Rev. D R . STANTON, Ely Professor of Divinity, Cambridge. Very Rev. D R . STRONG, Dean of Christ Church, Oxford. C. H. T U R N E R , Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford.

EDITORS: Rev. j . F, B E T H U N E - B A K E R , Pembroke College, Cambridge. Rev. F . E . BRIGHTMAN, Magdalen College, Oxford.

O X F O R D ; I ' R I N T E D AT T H E CLARENDON SV H O R A C E H A R T ,

M.A., P R I N T E R T O T H E

MBSS

UNIVERSITY

I INDEX OF WRITERS TAGE

BARNES, Rev. W. E., D.D. NOT A GLOSS (2 Kings xv JOI)

.

.

.

.

,

394

B E T H U N E - B A K E R , Rev. J. F., B.D. j Nesloriana : die Fragmente des Nestorius (F. Loofs) . . 119 Persona und srpöimnw im Recht und im christlichen Dogma (S. Schlossmann). 124 MISCELLANEOUS REVIEWS CHRONICLE OF N E W T E S T A M E N T B E V A N , A. A.

TW

:

.

.

.

139 149, 1 5 1 , 153

.

the New-Hebrew School of Poets of the Spanish-

Arabian Epoch (H. Brody and K. Albrecht) BISHOP, E.

.

.

.136

' SPANISH SYMPTOMS '

27S

BROOKE, Rev. A. E., B.D. SAHIDIC F R A G M E N T S OF THE O L D TESTAMENT C H R O N I C L E OF N E W TESTAMENT . . . .

.

.

.

.

67 152

.

BROOKS, E. YV. Histoires (l'A houcktnmeh et de Marouta, suivies du traité d'Ahoudemmeh sur Phomme (F. Nau) . . 133 BROWN, Rev. E. F. I PETER

V 9

450

B U C H A N A N , Rev. E. S. M O R E PAGES FROM T H E F L E U R Y PALIMPSEST

.

.

. 9 6

T H E C O D E X MURATORIANUS

^37

B U R K I T T , F. C.

F O U R N O T E S ON THE BOOK OF ENOCH

444

Sprüche und Reden Jesu (A. Harnack) B U T L E R , Right Rev. E. C. Didascalia et Constitutioncs Apostolorum (F. X. Funk) . CHAPMAN, Rev. j , O.S.B. O N AN APOSTOLIC T R A D I T I O N T H A T C H R I S T WAS IN 46 AND CRUCIFIED UNDER N E R O . .

CHASE, Right Rev. F. H., D.D.

454 .

304

BAPTIZE» . .

590

T H E LORD'S COMMAND TO B A P T I Z E THE

D A T E OF IRENAEUS

THE

APOCALYPSE :

161 THE

EVIDENCE

OF 431

vi

INDEX

OF

WRITERS

CONNOLLY, Rev. R. H , O.S.B. S T E P H R A I M AND E N C R A T I S M

41

T H E O R I G I N A L L A N G U A G E OF T H E S Y R I A C A C T S OF JOHN T H E D I A T E S S A R O N IN T H E S Y R I A C A C T S OF J O H N :

24g

JACOI;

OF S E R U G AND T H E DIATESSARON

571

Les Homiliae Cathedrales de Sévère d'Antîoche (R. Duval) . 465 COOKE, Rev. G. A. Aramaic Papyri discovered at Assuan (A, H. Sayce and A. E, Cowley) . 615 CRAFER,

Rev. T .

W.

M ATARI u s MAGNES : A N E G L E C T E D

APOLOGIST

401. 546

DAVIES, Rev. J. LI. St PaiiPs Epistle to the Ephesians (B. F. Westcott) FIGGIS, Rev. J. N. John Henry Kardinal Newman (C. Blennerhassett) GORE, Right Rev. C , D.D.

• 459 • 132

T H E HOMILIES OF S T M A C A R I U S OF E G Y P T . GRANGER,

•

F.

85

Poemandres : Studien zur griechisch-aegyptischen und frühchristlichen Literatur (R. Reitzenstein) . . . .615 HITCHCOCK, Rev. F. R. M. T H E CONFESSION OF S T P A T R I C K

UOWORTH, SIR H, H. THE

O R I G I N AND A U T H O R I T Y OF T H E B I B L I C A L C A N O N IN THE ANGLICAN CHURCH

THE

ORIGIN

AND

.

AUTHORITY

1 OF

THE

BIBLICAL

CANON

ACCORDING TO T H E C O N T I N E N T A L R E F O R M E R S : I . L U T H E R AND K A R L S T A D T HUTTON,

Rev. W . H.,

321

B.D.

English Church History Lectures (A. Plummer) JACKSON, Rev. H. L.

.

.

- 132

.

.

145

C H R O N I C L E OF OLI> T E S T A M E N T H I S T O R Y AND CRITICISM .

141

C H R O N I C L E OF NEW T E S T A M E N T AND APOLOGETIC

KEN NETT, Rev. R. H., B.D. KENYON,

F.

G.

Facsimiles of the Athos Fragments of Codex H of the Pauline Epistles (K. Lake) 624 KIDD, Rev. B. J., D.D. The History of the Reformation (T. M. Lindsay) . . . 627 L A N C H E S T E R , Rev. H. C. O. Grammaire Hébraïque (J. Touzard) T -54 LAWLOR, Rev. H. j,, D.D. H E G E S I P P U S AND T H E A P O C A L Y P S E

436

M C LEAN, N. A Compendious Syriac Grammar (T. Noldeke) M C NABB, Rev. V. ST

M A R K ' S W I T N E S S TO T H E VIRGIN

MALDEN, Rev. R. H. Quicunque null: sa/uns esse

.

.

BIRTH

.

,

.

.

.135

.

.

.

.

.

.501

448

INDEX OF

vïi

WRITERS

PAGE

MERC ATI, Mgr G., D.D.

114 423 526

A S U P P O S E D HOMILY OF E U S E B I U S OF CAESAREA M O R E SPANISH SYMPTOMS . • . • S O M E N E W FRAGMENTS OF PELAGIUS

N E S T L E , Dr. E.

45-

I N MEMORIAM IOANNIS M I L L I I ,

O E S T E R LEY, Rev. W. O. E., B.D. CODEX TAURINENSIS ( Y ) .

VI-IX

.

•

•

49, 233, 366

515

PARSONS, Rev. W. L. E. Aids to Belief in the Miracles and Divinity of Christ (W. L. 156 Paige-Cox) POPE, Rev. H., O.P. 218 T H E T H I R D B O O K OF ESDRAS AND T H E T K I D E N T I N E CANON READE, W. H. V. The Essence of Christianity S T CLAIR, Rev. G. ISRAEL IN C A M P : A S T U D Y SANDAY,

Rev. W.,

138

(A. Brown) . .

.

.

185

.

D.D.

481

T H E APOCALYPSE

SCHNEIDER, Rev. G. A. Jesus, wer er geschichtlich war (A. Neumann) SMITH, Rev. J. H. Silanus the Christian (E. A. Abbott) SOUTER, A,, D.Litt.

151 312

A T E N T H - C E N T U R Y FRAGMENT OF T E R T U L L I A N ' S APOLOGY

Die Reichcnatier Handschriften (A. Holder) SRAWLEY, Rev. J. IL, B.D. Le Dogmc de la Redemption (J. Riviere). • STEWART, Rev. H. F., B.D. Die Anfänge des Heiligenkults in der christlichen (E. Lucius) . . • • • • • • S W E T E , Rev. H. B., D.D. PRAYER

FOR T H E D E P A R T E D

TURIES'

IN T H E

FIRST

FOUR

297 3°9

118 Kirche 461 ' CEN-

500

'

TAYLOR, Rev. C , D.D. T R A C E S OF A SAYING OF T H E D I D A C H E T E N N A N T , Rev. F . R., D.D. CHRONICLE OF T H E PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION T H A C K E R A Y , H. ST J. T H E G R E E K TRANSLATORS OF T H E F O U R BOOKS OF KING T H O M P S O N , J. W. O N T H E I D E N T I T Y OF B E R N A R D OF CLUNY .

115 468 262 394

T U R N E R , c . H. 103 THE Liber Ecclesiasticomm Dogmatum . UNDERHILL, G. E, 136 Comparative Religion: its Genesis and Growth (L. H. Jordan) WATSON, Rev. E . W. The English Church in the Reigns of Elisabeth and James I (W. H. Frere) . . . . . . • • •

viii

INDEX

OF

WRITERS PAGE

W A T S O N , Rev. E . VV. {continued)-. A History oj the English Church from the Accession of George I to the End of the Eighteenth Century (J. H, Overton and F. Rclton) W I L S O N , Rev. A. )., D.D. Emphasis in the New Testament W I N S T E D T , E. O., B.Litt. A

631 75

COPTIC F R A G M E N T ATTRIBUTED TO JAMES THE BROTHER OF THE L O R D

240

A NOTE ON COSMAS AND THE Chronicon Paschale

.

.

101

NOTES ON THE M S S

.

.

607

OF COSMAS INDICOPLEUSTES

II

INDEX OF ARTICLES APOCALYPSE, THE.

PAGE

By the Rev. W . Sanday, I).D

B A P T I Z E , T H E L O R D ' S C O M M A N D TO.

481

B Y THE RT, REV. F . H . CHASE,

D.D

j6l

CANON, T H E ORIGIN AND AUTHORITY ANGLICAN CHURCH.

OF T H E B I B L I C A L , IN T H E

B Y SIR H . H . HOWORTH

1

C A N O N , T H E O R I G I N A N D A U T H O R I T Y OF T H E B I B L I C A L , ACCORDING TO

THE

CONTINENTAL

KARLSTADT.

REFORMERS :

I.

LUTHER

AND

By Sir H. H. Howorth

321

C A N O N , T H E T H I R D B O O K OF E S D R A S A N D T H E T R I D E N T I N E .

BY

the Rev. H. Pope, O.P I S R A E L IN C A M P : A PRAYER

FOR

THE

STUDY.

DEPARTED

.218 B y the R e v . G . St Clair IN T H E

By the Rev. H. B. Swete, D.D. S T EPHRAIM AND ENCRATISM.

FIRST

.

.

FOUR

.

.

. 1 8 5

CENTURIES.

.

.

.

.

500

B y the R e v . R. H. Connolly, O . S . B .

41

CHRONICLE: O L D TESTAMENT HISTORY AND CRITICISM.

B y the R e v . R . H.

Kcnnett, B.D NEW

TESTAMENT

141 CRITICISM AND APOLOGETIC.

B y the

Rev.

H. L. Jackson and others P H I L O S O P H Y OF R E L I G I O N .

145

B y the R e v . F . R . T e n n a n t , D . D .

46S

DOCUMENTS: CODEX

MURATORIANUS, T H E .

CODEX TAURINENSIS (Y).

B y the Rev. E . S. Buchanan

.

537

B y the R e v . W . O . E . Oesterley, B . D .

49- 233, 366, 515 C O P T I C F R A G M E N T , A , A T T R I B U T E D TO JAMES

OF THE LORD.

THE

By E. O. Winstedt, B.Litt.

FELAGIUS, SOME N E W FRAGMENTS

OF.

By

BROTHER

.

Mgr

G.

.

.240

Mercati,

D.D., and A. Souter, D.Litt

526

S A H I D I C F R A G M E N T S OF T H E O L D T E S T A M E N T .

B Y THE REV.

A. E. Brooke, B.D NOTES AND STUDIES: ACTS

OF

JOHN, T H E

ORIGINAL

67 LANGUAGE

OF

THE

SYRIAC.

By the Rev. R. H. Connolly, O.S.B A C T S OF J O H N , T H E D I A T E S S A R O N

249

AND THE S Y R I A C :

OF S E R U G A N D T H E D I A T E S S A R O N .

B y the s a m e

JACOB .

.

571.

X

INDEX OF

N O T E S AND S T U D I E S APOCALYPSE, T H E

ARTICLES

PAGE

{continued)-.

DATE O F :

THE

EVIDENCE OF

IRENAEUS.

By the Rt. Rev, F. H. Chase, D.D ,- APOCALYPSE,

HEGESIPPUS

AND

431

THE.

BY

THE

REV.

H.

J.

Lawlor, D.D

43^

APOSTOLIC TRADITION, O N AN, THAT CHRIST WAS BAPTIZED IN 4 6 , AND CRUCIFIED UNDER NERO. BY THE REV. J.

Chapman, O.S.B BERNARD

OF

59°

CLUNY,

ON

THE

IDENTITY

OF.

BY J .

W.

THOMPSON

394

COSMAS AND THE CHRONICON PASCHALE, A N O T E ON.

Winstedt, B.Litt

COSMAS

INDICOPLEUSTES, NOTES

ON

THE

MSS

BY E . O .

OF.

•

BY THE

same DIATESSARON. SEE ACTS OF JOHN, DIDACHE, TRACES OF A SAYING OF THE.

BY THE REV.

C

Taylor, D.D EMPHASIS

IN

THE

NEW

TESTAMENT.

By

the

Rev. A.

101

607 n

S

J.

Wilson, D.D ENOCH, FOUR NOTES ON THE BOOK OF. B y F . C. B u r k i t t . EUSEBIUS OF CAESAREA, A SUPPOSED HOMILY OF. By Mgr

G. Mercati, D.D

"4

FLEURY PALIMPSEST, M O R E PAGES FROM THE.

BY THE REV.

96

E. S. Buchanan HEGESIPPUS AND T H E APOCALYPSE.

BY THE REV. H . J . LAWLOR,

D.D

436

IRENAEUS, T H E DATE OF T H E APOCALYPSE: T H E

EVIDENCE

OF. By the Rt. R e i F. H. Chase, D.D

43*

KINGS, T H E GREEK TRANSLATORS OF T H E FOUR BOOKS OF.

By H. St J. Thackeray 2 KINGS XV 30/', NOT A GLOSS.

D.D Liber Ecclesiasticorum

Dogmatum,

THE,

By C. H. Turner

.

MACARIUS MACNES : A NEGLECTED APOLOGIST.

8

5

By t h e R e v .

T. W. Crafer, B.D S T MARK'S WITNESS TO T H E VIRGIN BIRTH,

103

By t h e R t . R e v .

C. Gore, D.D

401, 546 B y t h e R e v . V.

M I L L H , IN MEMORIAM IOANNIS, S.T.P. By Dr E. Nestle S T PATRICK, T H E CONFESSION OF. By the Rev. F . R.

. M.

Hitchcock By the Rev. E. F . Brown

Quicunque uult salmis esse. By the Rev. R. H. Maiden ' SPANISH SYMPTOMS.' By E. Bishop

448 452 91 45°

.

SPANISH SYMPTOMS, MORE. BY MGR C . MERUITI, I).L>. • TKRTULLIAN'S APOLOGY, A T E N T H - C E N T U R Y FRAGMENT OF.

A. Souter, D.Litt

362

By t h e R e v . E . W . Barnes,

MACARIUS O f EGYPT, T H E HOMILIES OF S'.r.

1 PETER v 9.

444

. 30J 278 BY

433

297

INDEX

OF A R T I C L E S

xi PAGE

REVIEWS : Assuan Papyri, The (A. H. Sayee and A. E . Cowley). By the Rev. G. A. Cooke 615 Didascalia, The., and Constitutions of /he Apostles (F. X. Funk). By the Rt. Rev. E. C. Bfitler, O.S.B 304 Doctrine, History of (J. Rivière, F. Loofs, S. Schlossmann). By the Revs. J. H. Srawley and J. F. Bethune-Baker . 118 Egyptian Theosophy, Ancient (R. Reitzenstein). By F. Granger 635 --— English Church History (W. H. Frere, A. Plummer, C. Blennerhasset, J . H. Overton, and F. Relton). By the Revs. E. W . Watson, W. II. Hntton, and J . N. Figgis 128, 631 Our Lord's Sayings, The lost Source of (A. Uarnack). By F. C. Burkitt 454 Miscellanea, By G. E. Underhill and others . . . . 136 Orientalia (V. Nan, J . Touzard, T. Noldeke, H. Brody, K. Albrecht). By E. W. Brooks, the Rev. C. H. O. Lanchester, N. M°Lean, and A. A. Bevan . . . 134 St Paul's Epistle to the Ephesians (B. F. Westcott). By the Rev. J.Ll.Davies 459 Pauline Epistlesy Codex H of the (K. kake). By F . G. Kenyon . 624 Reformation, The (T. M. Lindsay). By the Rev. B. J . Kidd, D.D. 627 Reichenau MSS, The (A. Holder), By A. Souter, D.Litt. . . 309 Saints, The Cult of the (E. I.ucius). By the Rev, H. F. Stewart, B.D 461 Severus of Antioch, Sermons of (R. Duval). By the Rev. R. H. Connolly, O.S.B . .465 Silanus the Christian (E. A. Abbott). By the Rev. J . H. Smith . 312

III

I N D E X OF A U T H O R S AND BOOKS REVIEWED OR NOTICED ABBOTT,

E, A.

ABRAHAM,

W.

PAGE 312

Silanus the Christian H. The Position of the Eucharist in Sunday Worship

.

140

Acts of John ALBRECHT,

249,571

K,

See

BRODY.

See Lucius. S. ANTONY, Letters Apocalypse of S. John . BARRY, W. The Tradition of Scripture BATJFFOL, P. In Revue Biblique BERNARD of Cluny. De contemptu mundi BETHUNE-BAKER, J. F. In Texts and Studies ANRICH,

G.

BIENEMANN,

G.

BLENNERIIASSETT,

A.

,

.

.

.

,03

431,436 14^ 121

3 wrracnwv TOV Kaipov is greatly improved by the substitution of TO xvpwv. And yet in I. 15, in speaking of the 1 earthquake' as meaning the Mosaic law, vpaypArm' is a poor substitute for ffpacrrayfurrw in the sentence RR/V OIKOVFJJVQV AMI TUIV TrpovTayp.a.TV O/XOA-TOI)^U)V ayairwv TTJV rrvyyevttav. Turrianus {adv. Magd. ii 13, P. 208) quotes this as oilru) yap ris ) p. 6 2 3 . Departure of I'eter and John. Mary's conversation with the angel is not given here, probably because it was spoken of in the preceding Homily. Jacob of Serug's use of the Diatessaron bears out the suspicion raised by the Acts of John that a considerable amount of re-editing had taken place before the copy was produced from which our Arabic version was made. Both Jacob and the Acts leave the further impression that 1 H e r e w e have another striking coincidence with the Gospel of Peter-, cf. Peter c. (1: ' And he took the L o r d , . . . and brought Him into his own tomb which w a s Called the Garden of Joseph.'' St. John, w h o alone mentions the garden, gives 1 1 0 hint that it belonged to Joseph. J A t this point Cod.Fuld. shews plainly that the text of the underlying Harmony has been clumsily altered. T h e departure of the women is given in the words of Mt, xxviii 8 : 'currentes nuntiar« discipulis eius.' Then, without any mention of Magdalene, follows immediately Jn. xx 2 ; ' currit ergo et uenit ad Simonem Petrum,' &e. If for Mt. xxviii 8 w e substitute (with Diat. Arab, liii 8} Mk. xvi 8*—'and they said nothing to a n y one ; for they w e r e afraid'—and then (with Ephraim and Jacob of Serug) introduce Jn. xx i , w e get the well-connected and very attractive arrangement which I believe w a s that of the Diatessaron.

NOTES

AND

STUDIES

589

Tatian incorporated into his Harmony traditions drawn from noncanonical sources rather more freely than is generally supposed. I have spoken for convenience of his copying from the Gospel of Peter. This presupposes a somewhat earlier date for that work than some scholars are ready to allow. But I have no wish to exclude the view that there may have been an early Pilate document which was the source of matter common to Justin Martyr and Peter? and that this may also have been used by Tatian. The following list of probable coincidences between the 1 )iatessaron and Peter may prove useful:— (t) Peter c. 5- 'And it was noon, and darkness covered all Judaea,' Cf. Jac. Serug, Bedj. ii 584: 'day fled and night entered in and stood in the midst of the noonday.' V. 591 : 'in the middle of the day darkness descended and covered the earth.' Cf. pp. 592, 603. (2) Peter c. 6. 'Then [i.e. after Christ was taken down from the cross] the sun shone, and it was found the ninth hour.' Cf. Ephraim's Com. on Diat. (Moes. 257): 'ties boras sol obtenebratus est, et postea denuo luxit.' Cf. Lamy i 695, 697 (Ephr.) ; Jac. Ser. ii 584 (continuing the sentence quoted above 'and night entered in and stood in the midst of the noonday'): 'that it might (ill the place thereof (i. e. of the day) until it revived and came to its place'; and i 500 : ' unless the sun be darkened and (again) shine at the crucifixion, why was it said "there shall be light at the time of evening"? 1 (3) Peter c. 6. ' His own tomb which was called the Garden of Joseph' Cf. Jac. Ser. ii 617 : 'in the Garden of Joseph He shewed Himself to the Blessed (woman).' (4) Peter c. 7, 'Woe for our sins: for the judgement and the end of Jerusalem hath drawn nigh.' Cf. Aphraates p. 271 ; Addai p. 27 ; Ephr. (Moes.) 245, 246. For full texts see Burkitt i 413. (5) Peter c. 8, The Jews and soldiers roll the stone to the tomb's mouth and seal it. Jac. Ser. ii 600, and compare Ephr, (Moes.) p. 266. See under no. (15), above. (6) Peter c. 13. ' For He is risen and gone away thither, whence He was sent' Aphr. p. 384 ; Jac. Ser. ii 607. See notes to nos. (15) and (18), above; and Burkitt i 527. The free use of the Diatessaron by a writer so late as Jacob of Serug is very instructive as shewing that the efforts of Rabbula (died 435) and Theodorct to get rid of the Harmony were attended with only partial success. There can be little doubt that Tatian's work continued to be employed by scholars as an aid to the comparative study of the Gospels long after its public use in Church had been interdicted. A careful examination of the numerous Gospel quotations in Jacob's writings will be a necessary undertaking on the part of those !

So Stanton The Gospels as Historical Documents Part 1 p. io,i.

T H E JOURNAL OF THEOLOGICAL

STUDIES

engaged in research on the subject of the Diatessaron. Mr Burkitt, in his edition of the old Syriac Gospels has set us a model of the method to be followed in such investigations, and has supplied us with a number of clues which make it comparatively easy to detect whether a Syriac writer who quotes to any extent from the Gospels is using the Peshitta, syr. vt., or the Diatessaron. With the help of his book I think it can easily be shewn that Jacob of Serug used both Pesh. and Diat. very freely, in the way no doubt that fourth-century writers used syr, vt. and I )iat. It is improbable thai: syr. vt. survived in use so long after Rabbula's revision; so that, when Jacob gives us a reading which differs from Pesh. and yet appears not to be due merely to metrical considerations or to paraphrase, we may generally conclude that it is drawn from a copy of the Diatessaron, whether or no it agrees with the Old Syriac. R , H . CONNOLLY.

ON A N WAS

APOSTOLIC BAPTIZED

TRADITION

THAT

IN

CRUCIFIED

UNDER

46 A N D

CHRIST

NERO.

1. Victorinus, Alexander of Jerusalem ami the apostolorum '.

1

exemplaria

is a well-known puzzle in St Irenaeus, where that Father declares that our Lord reached an age between 40 and 50, resting his statement on an appeal to ' the Presbyters who had seen John face to face'. It cannot be doubted that it is to the book of Papias that St Irenaeus is referring, and I hope to shew in a second article that it is not impossible to discover what Papias really said upon the subject, and how St Irenaeus's mistake arose. But before directly approaching this point, it is necessary to deal with the support which St Irenaeus's view may be supposed to obtain from certain consular dates reported in a fragment published by Muratori, by which the birth of Christ is placed in A.D. 9, His baptism in 46, His death in 58, thus implying an age of 49 years. The authority for these dates is given as the exemplaria apostolorum, which might well stand for the Exegeses of Papias. Von Dobschütz has preferred rather to refer their tradition to the first century, and to represent it as a rival in antiquity and authority to the chronology given by St Luke. I hope the present article will establish that it belongs rather to the opening THERE

NOTES y e a r s of t h e t h i r d c e n t u r y .

AND

STUDIES

591

I f this b e a d m i t t e d , t h e w a y will b e c l e a r e d

for t h e c o n s i d e r a t i o n of S t I r e n a e u s ' s

blunder

a n d its

probable

ex-

planation. I n t h e A p r i l n u m b e r of this JOURNAL ( 1 9 0 6 ) D o m M o r i n p u b l i s h e d a v e r s i o n of t h e f r a g m e n t to w h i c h

I have referred.'

t h e n e w text with that of M u r a t o r i (as c o r r e c t e d b y

A

c o m p a r i s o n of

von

will s h o w that m y c o n f r e r e ' s d i s c o v e r y is of g r e a t interest. s i d e b y side.

I place them

T h e italicized letters a r e r u b r i c a t e d in t h e M i l a n e s e M S

DOM MORIN'S FRAGMENT. Hieronymus. In commentariis Victorini inter cetera haec etiam scripta reperì qttod in membranis Alexandri episcopi qui fuit in ienisak'in. quodtranscripsit manu propria de cxemplaribus apostolorum viii kl. ian. natus est dominus iesus \p" suplicio et cromatio consulibus. Baptizatus viii. id. ian. Valerio et asiatico consulibus. Passus vero viii kl. apr, nerone tercio. et Valerio mes'ula consulibus. Surexit vi kl. apr, consulibus suprascriptis.

Supputatur quippe endem die dominum fuissc conceptum quo et resti rrexit. feria vi. anunciatus. fer. i. natus feria v. baptizatus. fer. vi, passus A die nativitatis domini usque ad passionem ipsius anni, xxxii. m e n s e s , iii, d i e s

Dobschiitz)

MURATORI'S

FRAGMENT.

In commentari is uictorinì inter plurima /iec etiam scripta reperì in us invenimus in membranis alexandi epi qui fuit in hyerusale yuod transcripsit marni sua de exemplaribus apostolorum ita viii kl ianr natus est dns nrt ihs \pa sulpitio et camerino consults it baptizatus est viii icf ianr valeriano et asiatico cons, passus est .v. kl api nerone iti et ualerio. mesala conss iwsurrexit. viii kl' api consss supra scriptis. (isecndit in celos v non maias post dies xl, conss supra scriptis. iohannis baptista nascitur viii kl. iul et circumciditur kl. iul ad mariam nero locutus est angelos viii k api sexto iam conceptionis mense-;- elisabetli habere dicens ex quo supputatur eodem die dominum l'uisse conceptum quo et resurrexit. Amen.

,xi.

T h e a d d i t i o n s in t h e

M u r a t o r i a n v e r s i o n d o not c o m m e n d

them-

selves as ancient.

I t w a s e a s y to c a l c u l a t e t h e d a t e o f t h e A s c e n s i o n

a n d to a d d it i n .

T h e feast o f S t J o h n

B a p t i s t a n d its o c t a v e w e r e

1 The fragment was originally published by Muratori at the end of an anonymous Liber de Compiilo, where it occurs in a Bobbio MS (Ambros. H 150 inf. olim 70 S), in his Anakrta vol, iii (reprinted in P. L. 129, col. 1369). It w a s inserted by Routh i n his Reliquiae. An exact transcript from the MS is given by Von Dobschiitz >11 the appendix to his study of the Kerygma Petri (T.V. xi, 1, 1893) p. 137. The excursus he has devoted to it is very valuable, and I am greatly indebted to it. Dom Morin's fragment is from Cod. 1473 of tile University of Padua ( J . T . S . April 1906, p. 459).