Samaritan Pentateuch Manuscripts: Two First-Hand Accounts 9781463214807

Citation preview

SAMARITAN P E N T A T E U C H MANUSCRIPTS

Analecta Gorgiana 79 General Editor George Anton Kiraz Analecta Gorgiana is a collection of long essays and short monographs which are consistently cited by modern scholars but previously difficult to find because of their original appearance in obscure publications. Now conveniently published, these essays are not only vital for our understanding of the history of research and ideas, but are also indispensable tools for the continuation and development of on-going research. Carefully selected by a team of scholars based on their relevance to modern scholarship, these essays can now be fully utilized by scholars and proudly owned by libraries.

Samaritan Pentateuch Manuscripts Two First-Hand Accounts

REV. WILLIAM SCOTT WATSON

GORGIAS PRESS

2007

First Gorgias Press Edition, 2007

The special contents of this edition are copyright © 2007 by Gorgias Press LLC

All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise without the prior written permission of Gorgias Press LLC. Published in the United States of America by Gorgias Press LLC, New Jersey

This edition is a facsimile reprint of the original edition published in Hebraica, Chicago, 1893-4, Vols. 9 &10, No. 3/4, and in the Journal of the American Oriental Society, New Haven, 1899, Vol. 20.

ISBN 978-1-59333-892-3 ISSN 1935-6854

GORGIAS PRESS 46 Orris Ave., Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA www.gorgiaspress.com

T h e paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standards. Printed in the United States of America

TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents A Critical Copy of the Samaritan Pentateuch Written in A. D. 1232 A Samaritan Manuscript of the Hebrew Pentateuch Written in A. H. 35

A CRITICAL COPY OF THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH WRITTEN IN A. D. 1232, BY REV. W :

SCOTT W A T S O N , A . M . ,

Towerhill (Guttenberg P. O.), N. J. I write to give the readers of H E B R A I C A some account of a biblical codex which I had the good fortune to secure in Palestine and of which one of our leading Hebrew scholars, in a note to me, says, " In any future edition of the Samaritan Pentateuch it will be essential, provided its text is as accurate as its well assured age leads one to suppose." I will group my notes under the four general heads of History, Description, Critical Copy and Collation. I.

HISTORY.

While in Jerusalem last year I heard of an old Samaritan book having been there offered for sale but I did not succeed in seeing it. A little later, on May 12,1892,1 was asked in Nablous whether I would like to buy a certain manuscript. Prom the description given of it I was led to believe that it was of considerable value. When I requested that it be shown, the man replied that he thought it was then in Jerusalem. Was I again to be disappointed ? For months I had been tantalized at Sidon by a book said to be written on the skin of the gazelle of whose existence I heard more than once but of which I never got a sight. My questioner went in search of the owner and soon returned with him and his manuscript. He laid open the volume on his lap and there was revealed to my delighted gaze a literary treasure the equal of which I never had had a chance to purchase during all my sojourn in Syria. I took steps to secure it, acting in accordance with oriental business custom through a mediator, and after a delay, another oriental element in the transaction, it was delivered into my hands at Sidon the very day before I started on my homeward journey. The man from whom I bought it was a Moslem living in Nablous. The account he gave of the way it came into his possession was that he had purchased the effects of an aged Samaritan who had died not long before and among them had found this Book of the Law. The statement was corroborated by other inhabitants of Nablous; indeed, the deceased seemed to be a person well known in the town. Page 1 bears the name in Arabic of " Ephraim, the son of Eizq, the Samaritan," who possessed it after the rebinding, but no date is given.

[1]

A

CRITICAL COPY o r THE SAMARITAN

217

PENTATEUCH.

On the last page is a formal Arabic colophon which states that " Jacob, the son of Aaron, the son of Islamehf?], the son of Ghazal, the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham, the Priest, the Levite," repaired the volume and supplied what had been lost from the beginning and the end, i. e., the present paper portion. A sentence in Samaritan characters worked into some of the ornamentation on the same page informs us that the work was done by " Jacob, the Priest, the Levite, in Shechem." Both of these are undated but are probably not older than the first part of this century. We next come to three notes of ownership in the Samaritan dialect as well as character. They are found on the portion of a page which had been left blank at the end respectively of Numbers (p. 461), Exodus (p. 260), and Genesis (p. 136), and are as follows: n o • w s j 1 ? • f ? m • n o a • n t ^ n p n • r m n r r • r w • r o p (a)

•roo;

; n31 • BTI

;^

; " i p l ' 3 1 0 ' "ipKl ; p ' l ; r r p ; "ttil ; H p ' DIED! (2)

• £jdv • n n r D B * n a n

(4) ; t r i p • n

• n b a ' - a y • n r r s D a i (5) ; n p ; ixi

;np

; odi •

;ixi

m

* -noan

;np

; a m • rots • n n n o •

; "\tsr • J p n ;

' n a n D (6) ; r m ' r u n e • J a • r r v p ' K •

• n c n i a • N»m • n a n • m o n • n b x ( • t> • n ? ^ w • - o v n • n m • j a n 1 ? • r r m r n • n v a • an? • u n • a n e n

• ntran • nnmo

(9) • n - r n • rf?

• j d i • D ^ p • r n m r r • j - i x d • n 1 ? • n ^ • j n • n t r a j • b y a«) • n n ' D N i • DIJ • •

• r c b Q D b ; p ; DI ; y i • n j a c • r u t ? a i ) • a m a ^ x • r r v a

• r r a o • J3 • f r r n n o •

• ¡fen* • J 3 (12) • n p n i f • n r o i • n>DN • JDI

; m a n • »me» • a \ m n • n n p

(i») • j a n • >f?n • n s - Q • n

• orroK

1

• m i • n i - na ?*! • v t y (i4) • n : m a i • n a n a • n * n n ; v a n ; n p n a j x a x j n •y a n •^aya •o*» • •rono '

(2) • n r w ^ a a • j a * n t m p n • n n n n • n x r • n p n y n x (t>)

' n p n i f ; y \ (») M D m

; D1 ; SCD ; H D '

; pi • a i a ;

' D i r O N (4) [; D m

; n p ; d i ; n p ; D1 * r o e ; n p ; K1 ; n p ; DI ;

; nD

• n & D D • b s • n n p ' K • n n a n • n a m » • m y (5) • j o d o i ; n p w t o w n p ; p i ; 1C3 ; K1 n p

' C m i ; n p ; aD •

; 1K1 ; n p

(§) ' O f T O N ; y i ; n p MOD •

• n r r • i & j r • n e f r t r z • n r ^ (9) • i d w • i a • • m D

• t> • n ^

• jx • nnrn

' 9DV ; •

;am

(6) ; n D

; n ; n p (7) • npni* ; a i

• n p n i i (ioi * * * * [• o n i s o • a n r

[ • n a • n a ^ i ; rn • r h y i •

• n ^ n n • n t ^ n n (") •

• nnnn

• yvnrn • n j j r • a n ^ i

• n j ^ a • jdi • a'JD w

com • ta*]J3

****y

- I»DK • JDI •

• y w

• n » • ^ a t r ' • n a ^ t o o ' ? ] ( 13 ) m j j t r * n i t w o [2]

218

Hebraica.

n e o • ' n o * * * (is) • n b x • - n y • j n • * p p * • u n m • n o a or) n*** i*** .tj*** (2) • n i h •n ^ n •

n o t o

•jo • n e n p n

•m m n

m

• n x r • n p n p n N (c)

; pi • n ^ n p w • J i m ^ o • n ^ n p • m o D •

•n n m o

nmnNi

• j d • i j V m • n x • n j o o o i • n m o o (4) • j 3 • n j u n • " o p • n j ' S D o i

(6) • j v n x • j o •

- nemo

• j o - i n i (7) •

rf?rrp

•nsiOD • jn

(8)

•u n

• m,T

• nnp

o'e^ei •pmitt

2
e e i *r *n j c

• n \ t i • r n p ' N • ' j n o n (5) • n n i o o n

•moo •mr^oo

•^ i c

•J3 • npny • m a p • t

•

; rim

; rr • ^ ;c m

(f) n o n • ^ o n

• rf?D' • i o i r n

• rfrm • j n p i • rftnp

• rai.*v • i n p • n j o o o i

• e n n a (ioj • j m • o n v o • a n r • j o * n n r • by •

tyoc

•

• r o ^ o o 1 ? (n> • n i N o • n j o e i

• K H i n (i3) • o n x M • r x • o ' e n p n • o ' n n D o n • e o e • n ^ n (12) • p e r j o j o n • n e o • ^ o p n a * ) • j o x • j o n • v t y • n a n a o • r r n n ; rv • n x The three dates mentioned in these records (Maharram, A. H. 998 in (a), A. H. 927 in (b) and Showal, A. H. 867 in (c)) correspond to A. D. 1589, A. D. 1521 and A. D. 1463. Who was the scribe to whose labors we are indebted for this copy of the Law of Moses ?

The repairer's colophon says it is in the hand-writing of "Abraham,

Judge of Israel," but gives neither the date nor the genealogical relation of that person.

It was doubtful how much reliance could be placed on so recent a state-

ment unsupported by other authority, but for a time I thought it was the most trustworthy information in regard to the writer that we would ever have. While engaged in collating, I came across a cryptogram and that has been followed by the discovery of six others. before us. flN'DJ "

Two of them bear on the question now

On p. 182, in the text of Ex. x v . 22-xvi. 3, we read, D i T D N 3 f O O Ttie

writing of Abraham the Prince," and running through the first

sixteen pages of Deuteronomy (pp. 462-477 inclusive) is the following: ^n-ic njc

"fin dc

N m n by

fjov

p

'eaj ? n w n 1

onfltt

p

nenpn

^n-ic nnnn

d ' S ^ n n e ^ e r o c N*n ^ N p o c j t d ^ o 1 ? h i n o p e r n d'G^n n e o n n j c n p m N n ^ o K»ni

p

DrroN

m e o c o

m

fpjs p K n ^ n i b * un neio ? 1

c'npn n i v b n j c o w m

t o t o

onepi

p e n dtikoi

nefrttn

mxo

1 The letters inclosed in brackets doubtless once stood in the text. Asterisks have been placed where there is no certain clew to what has disappeared, their number except in lines 9,14 and IB corresponding with the probable number of letters lost. In the rebinding of the volume the lower right part of this record beginning with a portion of line 13 was cut away. There was at least a sixteenth line of which only K . n is visible. 3 The four middle letters of D'E^Cl liave been erased, changing the price from thirty-four to forty-four dinars.

[3]

A C R I T I C A L COPY OF T H E SAMARITAN P E N T A T E U C H .

219

nx r ™ rut? D W Ninn oysn "rr w »nana mm D W I ra nab' orrm y w mx •wtiw mm pa pa fox " I , A b r a h a m , t h e son of Israel, t h e son of E p h r a i m , t h e son of Joseph, t h e Prince, K i n g of Israel, wrote t h e copy of this holy Torah for myself in t h e n a m e of my children in t h e year six h u n d r e d a n d twenty-nine of t h e kingdom of Ishmael, which [it] is t h e year three thousand and two h u n d r e d of t h e dwelling of t h e children of Israel in t h e land of Canaan and [it] t h e year five thousand and nine h u n d r e d and ninety-three of t h e f o r m a t i o n of t h e world. 1 —And it is t h e completion of seventy-four Torahs 2 [which] I wrote and t h e days of t h e years of m y life in t h e tread of it are sixty y e a r s ; I praise Y h v h . — A n d I ask h i m to prolong their lives until children and children's children study in it. Amen.

Amen."

Amen.

(The punctuation m a r k s have been omitted f r o m both tran-

scriptions.) I a m well aware t h a t cryptograms are rather in disrepute a t present a n d t h a t t h e very mention of one is a p t t o raise a smile.

T h o s e now u n d e r con-

sideration are real a n d n o t a mere product of my imagination.

The parchment

w a s creased by folding to f u r n i s h a guide in t h e formation of two which are on t h e opposite sides of t h e same leaf (pp. 275, 276) and f o r three, including t h e longest given above, special lines were ruled.

( I n t h e case of two no special

ruling w a s necessary because of lines on t h e other side of t h e leaf.)

One crypto-

g r a m is circular, reading curiously f r o m left to right, and t h e others are vertical. W h e r e t h e l a t t e r occur, t h e pages present t h e appearance of three columns, two lateral of equal size separated by narrow spaces f r o m a central one of single letters.

Those letters, read f r o m t h e top down, f o r m t h e acrostics.

N o t a word

h a s been added to t h e sacred t e x t on their account, t h e end being attained simply by t h e a r r a n g e m e n t of t h e writing on t h e page.

P u n c t u a t i o n m a r k s , however,

have been inserted which have no m e a n i n g a p a r t f r o m t h e m a n d one of which, because of t h a t fact, led to my discovery.

T h u s it is evident t h a t t h e scribe

w a s fully aware of t h e existence of those s t a t e m e n t s and intentionally formed them. I t m i g h t be supposed t h a t this m a n u s c r i p t was copied f r o m another in which t h e chronogram already existed and t h a t therefore t h e d a t a given relate n o t to t h i s document b u t t o t h a t of which it is a transcription. h a s happened in t h e case of colophons; here it has not.

Such a thing, it is said, Old A b r a h a m ' s very

i The number of years between the Creation and the Entrance into Canaan according to the data in the Samaritan Pentateuch and the direct statement of the Samaritan Chronicle or Book of Joshua (chap, xv.) is, as here, 2794. The Chroniole (chap, XLVII.) departs from the common Samaritan chronology in assigning A. M. 451U as the date of the death of the Emperor Hadrian. 21 need scarcely point out that of all the copies of the Law produced by Samaritan scribes in the past centuries not nearly so many have survived to our time as Abraham himself wrote.

[4]

220

HEBBAICA.

mistakes come forward to testify in his favor and to secure to him the credit of his work long after he has laid aside his pen. An examination of the erasures that are found in the volume shows that the writer in a large measure puzzled out or stumbled on his caligraphic arrangement as he went along. Perhaps the most striking instance is found on p. 230. Part of the sixth line of the paragraph (Ex. x x x i . 12-17) in which the circular cryptogram "IQJJ'* "l&'X'? "ItJ'K) ( i l J i ' l p occurs had been written when the suggestion of that device came; then the scribe erased all from the latter part of the first line and re-wrote it in a way to bring that out. (Sufficient traces of the first text remain to prove that it was the same as the present.) If this instance stood alone, it might be said that the writer had at this point changed his examplar for one in which the conceit already existed. In four other places, three of them in connection with the long chronogram, changes have been made which the production of the cryptograms rendered necessary but which might have been avoided by a little more foresight. It would seem that nothing so pleased the Samaritan scribe as to be able to place one or more letters or words under similar letters in the preceding line. There are quite a number of places scattered throughout the book in which something has been erased and the same re-written where the reason for the alteration evidently was that immediately after the first writing it had occurred to Scribe Abraham that by making the change he could carry out further that dearly-loved caligraphic principle. Thus there is conclusive proof that this is not a fac simile copy of any other codex. (If the manuscript which the writer had before him during his work be still in existence, I may perhaps identify it through certain phenomena which possibly indicate the length of its lines and paragraphs and the position of some words on the page.) Reverting to the longest cryptogram, we find the date of this codex given according to three eras. The one most useful to us at present is that referred to " the kingdom of Ishmael" or the Hegira. Remembering that, as the Moslems employ a lunar year of twelve months of alternately twenty-nine and thirty days with an intercalary day eleven times in thirty years, their years are to ours as 354*4 to 3655, and starting from July 16, A. D. 622, we see that the year 629 of the Hegira ended on, or about, Oct. 19, A. D. 1232. As the chronogram is now exactly as the writer of the volume left it, the possibility of later addition or subtraction being absolutely excluded, we may with entire confidence attribute this manuscript to the year A. D. 1232. The oldest dated manuscript of the Samaritan Pentateuch mentioned by Blayney was written in A. H. 624 = A. D. 1227 and is in Rome. The next dated copy in point of age, not including mine, is that of the British Museum written in A. D. 1356, one hundred and twenty-four years after the one I am now describing. As the codex of A. D. 1227 begins with Gen. x x x i v . 22, the one in my possession is probably the oldest authority extant of a known date for about [5]

A

C R I T I C A L C O P Y OF T H E S A M A R I T A N

PENTATEUCH.

221

thirty chapters of the Samaritan form of Genesis. (There are a few manuscripts of more or less of the Samaritan Pentateuch which are supposed to be older than the three mentioned. I t is well known among scholars who have given this department of study special attention that Samaritan paleography is not in a state sufficiently advanced to admit of even the best qualified judges asserting with confidence the age of a document which bears no date.) II.

DESCRIPTION.

T h e manuscript contains the Hebrew text, not the Targum or Version, of the Pive Books of Moses in the form in which the Samaritans have them. I t is bound in leather and consists of two leaves of paper -f two hundred and sixtynine leaves of parchment + four leaves of paper, a total of five hundred and fifty pages. The leaves are now about 12J X 10J inches in size but were cut down somewhat in the rebinding. They are without numbers (except those added by myself), signatures and catch-words. Those of paper were supplied by the writer of the Arabic colophon but all of the parchment portion belonged to the volume whose origin is recorded in the chronogram : it is to the latter alone that I desire to be understood as referring in the notes which follow, unless I state otherwise. When Abraham finished the codex, I believe it contained two hundred and eighty leaves gathered into twenty-four quires of ten leaves each and five of eight each arranged thus : 20 of 1 0 + 1 of 8 + 3 of 10 + 2 of 8 + 1 of 10 + 2 of 8. Either the first two pages (the first leaf) bore none of the sacred text or some of that of Genesis now found only on paper was much spread out. As a rule a single sheet of parchment makes two leaves or four pages, but there are twenty-four halfsheets distributed through eleven of the quires. The sheets were so bound together that at every opening the eye rests on two pages of flesh-sides or two of hair-sides. Of all the gatherings the outside pages are hair-sides and, consequently, the middle pages are flesh-sides in groups of ten leaves and hair-sides in those of eight. T h e old text covers a space about 8J X inches on both sides of the leaf. I t begins with ' f l j l N ' • y of Gen. n r . 19 and ends with ' ' of Deut. x x x . 20; between these limits, with the exception of one leaf lost from Genesis, scarcely a letter of the first scribe's work is past recovery, so fine a state of preservation is the manuscript in. There are from twenty-six to twentynine lines to the page, including the blank lines between paragraphs, but both the extremes are of rare occurrence. The large Samaritan character is used throughout except where for a special reason a letter or a word is written in a smaller hand. The ink is of a deep black generally laid on so thick that the letters have a somewhat glossy surface. I t does not seem to have faded in the slightest merely from the lapse of the centuries where other extraneous causes of injury did not affect it, nor has it at all corroded the parchment, in both of which [6]

222

Hebraica.

respects it differs from that of some of the more recent writing found in the volume.

Lines were made by pressure, never in ink, to guide the scribe in his work.

Of the cryptograms three have already been given. follows : (a) ,*T2~|p •JflSJ ¡ l l i T

The other four are as

P-179 in E x . x i v . 24-29 which is part of the

two paragraphs x i v . 19-25 and 26-31; (b) n T l f l H ' i ' H on p. 275 in Lev. v n . 1216, part of the paragraphs v n . 11-15 and 16-21; (c) HJl^fl

011

P- 2 7 6

in

Lev. vii.

18,19, of the paragraph v n . 16-21; and (d) nfiiO"llj"l "I3D |!1K on p. 340 in Lev. x x v i i . 18-25 of the paragraphs x x v u . 16-21 and 22-25.

The two (b) and (c)

are separated by the last three lines of p. 275 and the first line of p. 276 which are written in the ordinary manner.

(I have omitted the punctuation marks in mak-

ing these transcriptions.) For poetry the text-space is divided into two equal columns but the lines read across the page regardless of the division.

The passages which are so writ-

ten are these: E x . x v . 1-21; Num. x x m . 7-10, 18-24; x x i v . 3-8, 15-25, and (in the paper portion) Deut. x x x n . 1-43.

No distinction is made between the intro-

ductory formulae and the body of the poems.

Gen. x l i x . (parchment) and Deut.

x x x i i i . (paper) appear as ordinary prose. Besides the places where the simplest order of disposing the letters has been departed from for ordinary caligraphic reasons or because of the cryptograms or the poetical portions we find a peculiar but similar arrangement in the upper part In the body of the text a space has been left blank which

of p. 455 and of p. 457.

may be described as a circular ring with four straight arms extending outwards one to each corner of the (imaginary) inclosing parallelogram.

The passages

directly affected are Num. x x x i v . 6-11 and x x x v . 5-8. A t the end of each of the five books are some simple ornamentation and also the following notes, all from the first hand, except, of course, that at the end of Deuteronomy from the repairer: (a) A t the end of Genesis, :

;r o *• •:

; j'pn ;n ; p m

• • j i t r i o n • ISD ;¿1

'ysha

"yyp yaroi

(b) At the end of Exodus, ' • r D 1 ? ^ •• f• • •

(c) At the end of Leviticus, ••

• • \3trn • -IflD

; s i ; rii • y e 1 ? «

: • ••

•: n ^ D : ^

1 :

;Ditb-.ranm • ' u r h w n ' TAD

; riv: 'Ti ; ' p • J»Sp

•: •:; ¿ 1 : p m • [7]

vtiix

: 6 1 -

j*aroi

223

A CKITICAL COPY o r THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH.

(d) At the end of Numbers, •

ysba ; n

•• J^O*

• • T ^ n r r • nsD

i f ? » ; 31 ; p i

; 3*1 n

"J^p

•:-:• ; p i * ¥ £ f ? n ; Df " ^ a n D i (e) At the end of Deuteronomy (the division into lines found in the original not being preserved), : r w i u mrr •a n a •niyon ' . m m : di : p * a ^ ' p • w o n n • n a o

: 3v v m : ysbx • • • T J^DI : j ^ d i : rrvp • ' y m

trtsn • n w e n • n w a • y & n : r m n r r • ^ p • j n ^ o • bD

: N^O • o w i - o w i • roxo • t ^ a n • sha

•o^on • "•: m r r

::

ip

' JifiD • D ' J i n o

M.o i y ' 1 1 0 ' O W III.

*pB>D

CRITICAL COPY.

I have been impressed with the fact that Abraham was a most careful and conscientious scribe. He seems to have performed his work with a sense of its importance and a knowledge that it was his duty not to invent a new text but only to transmit the best that had come to him. In some instances he found himself unable to decide between two different readings and therefore gave one at length and indicated the other. I say " indicated " because in only one instance are both readings actually given. On p. 73, in Gen. x x x . 37, p Q I H I is written with an ordinary full-sized but interlineated above that letter is a small j f ; both letters are from the first hand in exactly the same ink and look as though made at the same time. The text of Blayney has J/ but the manuscript numbered 62 has |"J. In other places the second reading is indicated by dots and lines. i Let me tabulate t h e figures given in these statements. Sections.

Words.

Letters.

Genesis 250 27,258 79,810 Exodus 200 17,230 69,098 Leviticus 135 10,330 46,550 Numbers 220 17,120 67,110 Deuteronomy 160 14,424 Whole Pentateuch 966 86,362 I t will be noticed that t h e addition of the separate items would give 965 as the n u m b e r of sections in the whole Law.

[8]

224

HEBKAICA.

A very common use of marks in Samaritan manuscripts is to call attention to the fact that a certain combination of letters is used in a particular one of two or more senses which it is capable of bearing, e. g., Q ^ when a proper noun denoting Shem, the son of Noah, is marked but when the common noun " name " is not marked, and , alone or in combination, when the preposition " with " may have a line over it but when the sign of the definite object is without any line (except in H/IK > where it is lined to distinguish that word from the personal pronoun of similar form). Many of the lines and dots in my copy are explained by a knowledge of this usage. For words so distinguished the different manuscripts in very few, if any, instances give various readings. There are a number of other lines and dots which cannot be explained on the principle just stated but which must be considered as true indications of alternate readings. Petermann, in his Samaritan Grammar (" Porta Linguarum Orientalium" series), says, " Signa orthogrophica duo tantum apud Samaritas reperiuntur: 1. Punctum litteris expungendis, quae per errorem scribae irrepserunt, superscribitur. 2. Line a diacritica, eaque plana (horizontalis) s. paullum obliqua litteris vocum praesertim mediis superposita, quae lectorem admoneat, ut animum bene attendat ad hanc vocem, quae notionem seu formam extraordinariam habet." (The first of the usages mentioned in this extract is found in the work of the repairer of my manuscript but not in that of Abraham.) In spite of the " duo t a n t u m " I must add this third. A list of the places where it occurs will be found in the collation. A study of the facts there presented should of itself be sufficient to produce the conviction that we have before us indications of secondary readings. These signs do not belong to the class already described. In the case of the words over which they are placed there generally did not exist the same need of a distinguishing mark that was present in the case of the words over which those are found. In striking contrast to the fact in regard to those, there is in the case of every one of these manuscript authority for various readings. (In a very few instances that authority must be sought in another passage which contains the same word.) Simple admonitory marks are always, as far as my experience goes, placed over some part of the word to which attention is called and never over the blank space between it and the preceding or the following word, as are some of the signs referred to in Table "VII. of the collation. "When Scribe Abraham was desirous of changing what had come from his pen, he showed no hesitancy in erasing it, either by washing it out or by scratching it out with a sharp instrument. Many such erasures, most of them, however, due to a desire to change only the relative position of some letters on the page, can with certainty be attributed to him through the present text found where the original writing stood being from his hand. The expunging of letters from the words in Tables III., V. and V I I . would often produce combinations which [9]

A

C R I T I C A L C O P T OF T H E S A M A R I T A N P E N T A T E U C H .

225

would not be Hebrew. When in the three classes just mentioned the mark is over the space between two letters or two words, the reader sees clearly where the additional letter of the secondary reading belongs but such a position would not with equal certainty show what to omit. Nor have we before us the correction of accidental omissions. A letter which had fallen out through some mischance might have been subsequently inserted either in its proper place in the line or interlinearly. That interlineation was not objectionable in the eyes of the writer is shown by his resorting to it in not a few places and we can see no reason why, if necessary, he should not have doubled or quadrupled the number. What effect would follow the insertion of letters in the words of Tables IV". and VI. ? We would fare no better were we to attempt to interpret these signs as calling for the substitution of what properly belongs in the text for something that has erroneously crept in. They are not the marks of a corrector who compared the manuscript after its completion with some standard copy. They were made at the same time as the letters as is shown by their being in the same ink and hand and by the unusual space left blank in connection with some. It is evident that they and the readings which they indicate were in the mind of the scribe at the first writing. As an instructive illustration of deliberate variety let us look at the name Zurishaddai. In Num. v n . 36 it ends in a * and in x. 19 in a pf, with no mark over the word in either place, but in i. 6 we find a final ,"7 and in 11. 12 and v n . 41 a final all three with a dot over them. Evidently Zurishaddai might in the writer's view be properly spelled either with a final ,"7 o r with a finalHe knew of authority for both forms in some of these passages; he has written at length the one that in his judgment was the better supported and has indicated the other.

[10]

A CRITICAL COPY OF THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH WRITTEN I N A. D, 1232. B Y R E V . W : SCOTT W A T S O N , A . M . , Towerhill (Guttenberg P . O.), N. J .

IV. COLLATION. The printed text of the Samaritan Pentateuch with which the codex has been compared is that of Blayney's " Pentateuchus Hebraeo-Samaritanus Charactere Hebraeo-Chaldaico." (The verses are referred to as they are there numbered.) The editor professes to give an exact reprint of the text of the London Polyglot. The results have been gathered into ten tables, as follows: Table I.—General collation and index to the other tables; Table II.—Two readings actually given; Table III.—Places where 1 is omitted from the middle of a word but its insertion is indicated for a secondary reading; Table IV.—Places where *) is found in the middle of a word but its omission is indicated for a secondary reading; Table V.—Places where ' is omitted from the middle of a word but its insertion is indicated for a secondary reading; Table VI.—Places where • is found in the middle of a word but its omission is indicated for a secondary reading; Table VII.—Places where secondary readings other than those included in the preceding tables are indicated; Table VIII— Interlineations and other additions made after the first writing; Table IX.—Erasures and changes made in whole or in part by erasure; Table X.—Places where the text of the codex is lost. TABLE I. GENESIS. Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

1 1 to 3:19. 3 20 OIK 21 JTUn»3 24 vrh 4 2 njn 4 pyrrol

W a t s o n Codex.

Ch. V s . Blayney's Edition.

See Table X. o-txn i v - ncMTva vrii un VII. [11]

4 4 7 U

10 12

Watson Coder.

lriroo lorno nnö 1 ? ü b f i n s ' ? n ' t a n x 1 ? 3 Both words / nnsh y m } omitted. \ •2TT f)Din

on fpin

123

A CRITICAL COPY OF THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH. Ch. Ys. Blayiiey's Edition. 4 12

(2d) r i x

is

n r o -Yn

23

>moN

25

y-m

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 8 22 t p m 9 6 m a

Watson Codex. n n m . n n * D

12

-^VÏ

m

15 v.

t i v q k IX.

6

7

n s n

4

r Û l t O See also I X . j - f D I D ill. D H * 1 3 n D n m n

10

frr^i

13

X.

Dm1?

15

n n

D w w y X.

23

p n

26

nioiyn

nxi X.

27

vi-

(2d) r i x

11-13 D T I W O

vi.

r

is »BW,

m

t

f

?

n x m

27 29

• m x

nvrï? X.

30

nnnfij \n»n

nrrnöJ

12

• m

13

23 24 8

DV ,

1

t

t

r

X.

o'orr

X.

2 2-9,17

19 13

•»n X.

i9

a m - »

2i

n-n

a m i vi.

v.

T ^ m nxi D"DX v.

•fr p x

n m x -p^n

n

P 7flK •nnx

vi. in.

>n*nx

- p n y n

"(lst&2d)f|D1K 22 np

f^DIX

DÌH1

Dm

14

[12]

o n n y >nnx

m .

on*om

in.

*ri*nx f p m i

6

nn*

nn»

8

DMX

D"ÜX

1 2 ti

lip

VII. VII.

2

9 (2d) 18

train n e n n

n n o o n a m

n

n

m

16 il

T

n ^ i n n X.

"

15

outrun X.

- w n

p y nionirn

T r a m

X.

D^nnjn

5 9

tyD is 21-23

12

X.

u

on1? VII.

4-23

rvntrn1? X.

1 - 8 , 10, 11 H i2 17

11

n t ó i

rfrin n^vi (2d) n K ti tt

nvn ?

[tw*enn X.

•jpy

29 26 u

1

is 19-22 7

v

a» a n n i

n a n x.

5, 6

r w X.

14-17 I T

10

•(»irrn^o

14

rvniwf? X.

r

riNi X.

8-10

i3

f

•penai

DWB>V

io

t

17-19 2

1 4 4-7

t

nì-n1?

3

(2d) r i x

2

m

fprn onxn

h

X.

5 19, 28-30, 32 32

n

n

Watson Codex.

n^xa^ni t * -oxatri D'ittX

VII. nnx

otri

D W 3 Ï

124

HEBRAICA.

Ch. Va. Blayney's Edition. 14 2 wn 5 orra u msrn 8 D'íOSf U 9 13 14 17 24 15 1 4 U 7 8 10 tt u 13 14 15 11 16 16 6

vi. 7¡n» ^ntísrin "nna 1*103 Dnavn jm* TOT napm aitr*

V* •W

•ma ruynm Tin»

•PN

«INI

14 16 17 4 6

•JO RV

7 9

"TN03

O^OL DNNT7 "1BW1

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 17 9 orn-Y? 9--12 12 D^m-fr 13, 15 16 19--21 21 r r m i 22, 23 24 Ynona u 25

ION -in K3BU VII. VII.

i r n

12 U

TÍ

Watson Codex. IX. VII. VII. ill. D ' i r a VII.

700*1 ^wyoo X. Vili. Vili.

i v a in. Dn*ñvn

R* n a y i n . -|»ri*3N napn IX.

in.

my

18 2 6

Watson Codex. onm1? X. D y m r t X. IX. X. [minxn X. x. nfrona

D'BtfN D*ND

D*D

X. 6, 7 , 9 13 DJON DJQNÍ1 i 9 (1st & 2d) c n r D N DITON 20 X. nííO 21 n n p j r c a n n n p y t f -jn 22 o^JNn ffB^n 25 (ist) r ? y ? n vi. tfwfrn n*nN

7

3ti>n

vi.

aofirn

8

ri3D

i n n i

vi.

n m i m

n n p ^ n

50

N1?

51

•nni

5 1 - 54

VII. X. X. r m r o X.

m r m o n n x o n - a x

[14]

^ p e r r

7 1 3 0

D3B«

56

»3

N*3N1 3»SU

49

59

in*nN D^OJll

Q^OJ

•jptrn f l T M

-tram m i n x

ni.

43

d ì t o n A s one word.

VII.

d w "JNTIT it

"iN3n vi.

37

tfnyrr

21

6

"ion TJim

35

yy

IT3V1 1

* p 3 D

It

5 9

30

* p 3

m i n i

•nini 14

28

p«f3

22

•torr

17

11

18

>ny)2tvQ IX. Tii (VI.?)

-|(»)nN

18

y 7 0

w

"jrvo

fcO T h e w o r d o m i t t e d .

IX.

•int3Q3

m

?

n p r n

It

23

1

7

l(

• n w o

12

>nmx

14

22

24

a

*](»)iDn

17

h o d

>no

vi.

n p » m n

vi.

"jno

13

16

*r\*o

15

m

13

vi.

(vi.?)

n

DJoxn

t>

Watson Codex.

13

ptpy»

t h i n

125

vrriN

IX.

9

21

23

n j w m

34

20

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

Watson Codex.

frrpBTvi

Pentateuch.

X. o m n N X.

126

HEBRAICA.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

24 60 61-•67 25 3 ((

4 U

8 11 12 15 16 17 23 25 27 29 30 U

it 31 32 33 34 26 3 5 ti 9 U

13 18 21 22 t( 26 31 33 35 27 8 12 A

Watson Codex.

•unntt

mint* X.

T'nrr D W ^ Í

-fr

i p n nrm •jDtyn o r n i D1NH y r o a m i M irroa r n : m ruroBrr •npn •mini •nriN moK

m n a (t nû'm »öl orfrtsn p t y n^nni mvo ntam

vu.

U

•pjrr IX.

21 22 27 28

VII.

•tn nnxo i

•vyyn 'J1Ö1N

U

f]K m-ronrr eo^ni

Watson Codex.

nnonn vi. pon1?™

19

r w •jum

onwtMi mon

Ch. Ts. Blayney's Edition.

27 13 15

nnyon

LT

m.

orrvoai

m.

noȓ YIII. w w

a p n i n W ^ n m . D*-wpr u u m. m-

yr-DS pn*33 w r o a m

m. •mpn •nninì m . *n*nN niaN IX. miro a

from As one word. IX. nj»nni ÌTMO IV. »JBHUö» VIII.

U

J1D3 roß> III. w o m r m fm D»rf7Nn ermi djti

31 32 0 35, 36 39 45 45,46 28 6 wi 11, 12 13 Ü5ÍJ 18 i n i z i n o 20 par 21,22 29 2 D'îfTl 7 10 •a« 12 Tjm 13 inna

T*

U

16 21 26 34 U

35 30 1 2 8 U

33

v r a i v. n n n IX. IX. erro m.

Dïtî> X. VII. X. wtwoD apr X. DV3T IX.

m-

intttn njDpn ron vaipM '•fr •UN nan *]DO •nina NN •jntTN

-p*:n X.

1DN unì m*nN VIII. ion 'nfr

m.

miN Nnn f^OO >n*nN

na

TON

127

A CRITICAL COPY OF THE SAMARITAN P E N T A T E U C H . Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

30 14 TT

15 IT

16 20 26 31 32 IT IT

35 IT IT

36 (I IT TT

37 TT

38 TI

39 TT

43 31 3

TT

TT

-|(»)OY

TT

N N

• I N N

15

•TNN

• M M

pa t

TT

TOR

•JNTT RROWI VI.

"»•ON

N I N «

IX.

19 27 31

I(»)ON

TT

33 35 41 42 47

NÌ^DIL • H P Y N D ' ^ D M

O M P Y N NI.

••In*i

6 il

itd^ÍMI

10

IDWI

11

v i . p(»n

18

m n

Dunerr ninni m'irmi mnrrN

frrnnx n w a m m s n t n

m.

ninnni n*ansn

p n n K DDK

mnnK

innöD niNnn

p m s s n v ü m . rra'i

man [17]

m-

•nN

129

A CRITICAL COPY OF THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 41 18 naynni 19 tPD

Watson Codex.

20 n ì J ì t ^ m n t(

n i t r o m

m n n m

p i o n i

njiani

23

jnnna

n n n «

25

fpn

U

jnnm* m&ntpi

30

J W

33

oarn

34 35 39

nam

44

3DV

3 4

n o n

n j n n x VII.

14

n m

135T1 VII.

I T O

rotri

m x

m a n

nop*

notrn i n . Q»3rn

28

njnn

3jnn

45

1

2

a n o n n m o 3

njn

7

iro3

vnJ3

il

ru3i

nitti IX.

«pai

D^ VIII.

21

m x n

VIII.

10

Ipff onn*on

12

VII.

17

lpD

43

2 7 8 12 U

16 a u

18

jnvn WSO (2d) D 3 T 3 NJltTO D>O>J3 K3i"7 o n m o u n o n

in.

nis^n

2

17

non1?

H133 IX.

23

oyn

38

-N*5tim

nine ^ 22 ( i s t & 2d) n s ^ r i

6

kt

J1JP2 VIII.

21

46

m a n

in.

13

w

27

lJ^M

29

•taifl

•aoan

•fyin

31

fN f r o

•nan

n * o n

27

fpV

(vili.?) j n a

ni.

20

v.

onnon

ip*mn VIII.

13 11

DHpfl

26

lpmn

n n n t t n*flntn

52

25

r m n n o r r r o r n

HI.

D'NlpJ

25

ftona

m m ormoni

10

•JJM

56

44

X.

onrwa

i]DV

51 54

30

disiti o»rpfl

50 j n a ' o i ì j

42

in.

|mnti

32

fct

25

VIII.

21

27

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. Watson Codex. 43 24 X. o n ^ n u h i . o n n * o m ormorf?

nj'^irn VII.

o n * o n n*N103

8

U

VII.

mty

VII.

lTOPf? n ^ x v

ii

n3tn

21 U

USD

u

47

onin»

(vili?)

TNJH3

jrrrn D3H>3

p s

onnx

20 j r i s ' t o i s

in.

.TIPO X.

m a i p e i

in.

jris

(VIII.?)

1331 0*30

III.

D'SNÌ

••am Nil

4

•rio

nino

a

[18]

D'S*0

nNin

7

on

rn3 VIII.

29

9

wan IX. ni. u n *

inin-

14

"n

»o* i x .

TON nn»3

»n

ion *o* •no« VII.

130

HEBBAICA.

Ch. Ys. Blayney's Edition.

47 15 17 (t U

D'DIDS onorai

19 U

•nu mourn

23 26 30 48 4 15 It

MnöTN

16 ((

49

3 6 8 9 10

wnrb TÛK -jrvnm TDK •jnyo TON yt> i m TD xnn nnnsr» "U psnoi

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

1 il 13 16 17 18 19 2 3 ti

•n^non

4 5 6 7 U

inrw n ^ n n H^O inna (2d) Y 7

9

part?

U 11 17

ìTnjn ì m m Dn^n p r w m'ron nona Dtrm

inpjw on^non fyen

Watson Codex.

IX. m. o n »orai ofrrun n w i non^m DD'n 0 1 K t^iorf? \ n m -pjrnm •HÛK •myo •rot IX. m . rr*:> Ninn VIII. TU ppinoi

Watson Codex.

oni^non

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

49 15 17 19 21 U

Watson Codex.

ill.

0!±> (ist) n y ¡on nm^t? ISlt? •nnK

29 50 5 6 -pntrn 10 nfloo 11 p N i( îwon (l (2d) cnsti? 13 on-ûN 14 yvtTl 17 18 antf? 20 orni 25 jntm 26 ITTN3

yn. Nim

m.

riti*'?®

(m.?) n ö c •rvüK

"yri&n IX. VII. •jyjon onito IX.

san IX. onny1? onx

putrì ni.

piNU

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

Watson Codex.

2

v.

v- p m n i v. o n ^ ' n v. j » r w

18 20 3 5 Ci 6 8

ni-fron TQ'I-D VI. DOtîTIl m . in*nN ro^n nn»o ni. m * n x V. -j*"?

[19]

V.

-pw •pn 7ro« r m w •Direni ^iOB»

13 15 a

nsjK

21 4 5 7

p m n a

Ì W

9 11 U

17 ti

nn nb o^n inprni oni^noa p w r i

imno

njnfi

DI'? mi 'nan •inn TITÛÏ OTÛN nt£>n

pmry y t y j

v- * f m. VIII. & IX. VIII. VIII. VIII. & IX. N'îflN OJK IX. t r i •nsm nnm IX.

131

A CRITICAL COPT OF THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

4 7 12 21

n a p

DK

U

D'nöion

22 28

n a a

m a a VIII.

30 5

yatr DTIÖÖH prnx

U 3

10 14 15 17 18 19 6 7 14 15 20 25 7 3 11 12 22 8 4 11

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 9 30 •njn* 10 1 'noe* II 'DDK 2 U

Watson Codex.

in

1

pnnx

^

ronton u T T Û

nana

intoni

inoltri

ntDtr u

ntaip

n n a m

nnan

n a y i net? n t a o

6 8

11

np?

tt

ym

(4

aP'l o n ^ x

ìrjprai

urprai

3 U

D m n

U

omriN

(1st)

9

ti

Dniax VII.

TOI • n n x

IX. "pjvati

nn^K

"

nitaD

o r o «

TIP 'nniN

ta*

n a y nta*p

m .

VII.

" (lst&2d) ^ r û î i m .

ninixn m n * x n

m.

Watson Codex.

t p n n a a T * a

D'rnn in. c p * n m a a in. - p * a a

4 5

nivna D m n

n'vna D»mn

6

t p n

i]'Din

10 12 7

DTlfiOn

DTiöion

c p p o n

ryippon

16

DV3 tal

Vili.

•vai

ta

WIK

•nniK

20

orrtarrta la1?^

orroanta

22

Operon nnron

mrron

orr tanta

VII.

23

'naa

•nani

Optron an any

Trrwiyoa 9 man1?

"piTWOm

38 42

flppon anany •m-n1?

DJ-m1?

nnarf?

44

ta

tal IX.

18 26 tl 29 9 2 5 8 9 16

o m a n t a ran

•n'tanta nnan

nnan

r a n

prno 1

«

DD'Jön (3d) 'no

19

t( U

20

p K H TÎ3DD

v.

tt

U

13

p*rno

pnno m . D3»jfi*n

ni. T r a il

44

X. v i - "1 (*)ÉDDO IX. [20]

e p p p o n

48

anpn

7

- p a j

11 19

nosy

p N IX.

•navy

•niovy

((

14

ÎN

m .

2

p K H

anp» X.

mitri

ìaisrn

10

anpn

a n p n

12

ìrnioo

u n io»

16

prno

20

^trnn -p'i

p»rno ' IX.

21 24

D m

-pvi orm

132

HEBRAICA.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 14 25 11 28 30 U 15

2 3 5 11 6 8 "

U it 9 11 U IC 16

n-o HlOU no*n

18 19 22 25 16

4 14

36

-ipnn ti»ton •mini to ruïJï inmn nn^y

1

DH£TD

2

noïw tí

34

17

3 8 9 it 16

IX.

20

IX.

23

TDU m. n*öinn

25

rntoa m. rron

19 2

DH£TÛ ytrm» to nvj TTI

Watson Codex.

m.

ron 3XJ O nmn W o n e en DTiÉDÔBn DHfi-lO rfao D 1 ^ Dn^ot?

U

5 9

IX.

19 10 11 IKÖp 15 m. n*oinn 20 2 ìotòon 5 D^îtt U mnj 7 tfTlJ

U

IHN^VI

U

y. V Ö Ö D IFIIM

19 tt

IX.

m. IX.

V. DH*£TID tfyuD m .

tì?*jf? DTboe? u

vi. ^ m s i n

(1st)

VII. Ù W I IX.

pan«* (1st) t?7) nam V U -ira (2d) nin*

RÛ-W* ÌÒ

m- r i ' o m As one word. IX.

(2d) r i a

VII.

utann

IX.

•D'ton 3D»

il

twon •nrnrn toi

21 5

(2d) riN

10

nnun

IX.

15

N

27 30

W

IX.

21 il

TPYN

rrmy VI.

friNinn

D

a

nmm

IWÛJ

17

IX.

VIII.

II

12

NOW IX.

nöOD

24 U

33

16

N

T P Y N

29

JWV1

IHNXin

18

28

14

R W O

*VÜÖD

rvrbw

6 IX.

•NJN

W

18 2

w u n

yem

D*rr n a c irmon -nnj rnoì n n nito nm 7ÖM D^n 10p niDinn io»t6on

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

Watson Codex.

ironn ni-oan men

DH(')FI-Q

VIII. & IX.

35 II

il

VII.

il VII.

V. vin. [21]

22 1 5 II

D W

nxi nnayi VII.

yfi* -1ÖO

III.

"73 I N

(2d)

•mm piPPî» njrntfi (2d) m V ntD»n

IX.

m pïrr yriNi m v n zwo

A CRITICAL COPY OF THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH. Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 22

Watson Codex.

6 tt U

10 14

17 23

25

NVOI m w

myan nnpj noi m'nnan popi

24 tt

25 30 23

tt 11 n ^Oia1?

mm omv NPJ3 ION •o^tm

nn>a D'npa anTiayo (ist) m NNl • m s n

(ist)

na

tt

6

10 11 12 tt

25

>nar • x r n

lirn

14 16 21 29

i n *

f o i a 7 m

1

nni1? online

nnxn niCTa •7K •»n 13»D

IX.

D^Dl -on nmpn

DOpn nay mwpn

NJRVA

NYRVA

2 1

g

1 0

y&n v -

DOT

-MA

in. n*jrv ryrv 14 rimy rnv 19 ( l s t & 2 d ) VriT vmrv 33 DP n o p 6 VII. .lots' 5d D D W T i n . D3*m*T7

o n

1

(2d)

13

?

27

? !

IX. 28

VIII.

mi

yba r m

•nn IX.

iNm> t r n a r

2d

tt

VIII.

36

IX. H I . RRRN 1 ?

29

onnm nmyi -man

ANSAR»

3 21

EOSPO RW

IX.

36

IX.

40

IX. X. IX.

vmn* Dmn maoio 7 É J J

no^nNi maoio omn mp -oy i . Q n * N n

IX.

onn npn SN nnopn

omn iv- noupn W nnpon

-pan Dnsan myai

ipn m. on*san mran nop

32 34

VII.

42

(1st)

"OD*

43

ìpnpji

[22]

n i . ON*san

(ist) nnron 11 rpa omppm 12 noK 19 mm» 11 onn tt naoio 18 J*; 19 nofrwi 20 naoio 21 onn 26 nnp tt -on 30 (1st & 2d) QHKn n 5

43

5(lst&2d)miyi 12

4

12

VIII.

33 5

n i .

nnnai

10

IX.

28 tt

37 26

VII.

i o r

tt

31

(t

no IN

ffDff tftWa

nnnjn

33

35

"IRN

Watson Codex.

32 ( l s t & 2 d ) P O D

mpn v. m*yan

4 a

30

VII.

31

24

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

5

133

DP

VIII.

134

HBBKAICA.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

30 12 13 15 16 21 23 34 »

"l£D trip •nm onaan omrf? n i n o n ^ m m a

86 31 2 mn 7 (2d) r i x 10 mar» 12- 14 16 n o n 17 Oty1? 18 (ist) n m 1 ? " (2d) " "

32 6 11 13 15 " "

16 "

33

5 6 7 8 10 11 13 16 U

trana itwi naa -or (ist) n m 1 ? (2d) » (i s t & 2d) D ' a r i a rnrrfrrr nirrfrn •p^ai aim p r m itsam (2d) y i o y

HI. i f i * a

m.

m p n 'ix. on*öan o n m ) m n no rrja^rn naa noti' m « nw m m IX. IX.

afrijfr ni. n * n f ? mm1? ••ama m.

n*aa

mar m- m r f ? nini1? D'ama mrrfrm nnnn -pn^ai anm v. p * m n ìo^am IX.

VWOl Wi)n isa

18 •ann 19 •rum 34 1 nm1? 4 (1st) » " (2d) "

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

Watson Codex.

•jjn-nrr N1ÖN UtÒfiJl •Ätnn •mnm rnrrï?

34 7 9 11 13 16 "

24 26 28 29 "

31 35 7 11 23 30 36 2 4 6 8 17 19 (l

ormtiw urn • p miN nn»a tfyato •JD nm1? naim m u n pBWt mu'i mn aN^rtti ixan rrajn

[23]

IX. DiTI'M

V.

urm

vrm T »

n»a oyaTNi •yo in.n*mi? m-

n m j n IX. m . n—>yn •1ÌK VIII. w a n nari VII. VIH.

WV2

njivpn in.

"

10 12 16 19 20

rvamn

orni ioy HON4 Dunxi Dìrtiojn nynn1?!

n m y n m ; vmrv IX. IX. m a n

"

•Jtrr» 17 nnjon 18(lst&2d) n j p 191 a 20 38 8 •33 tt nìNioa

n*nf?

Watson Codex.

tyl

m v n m y 24 (1st & 2d) V f l T 29 vn 37 1, 2 3 nnxn

u

m-

(2d)

IVWI nnuon •jp ••yaa u

m.

ua n*iooa

mtasn vmoyi IX.

Dunxm orr-noy •urn 1 ?!

135

A CRITICAL COPY OF THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH. Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 38 22 m n 27 ( i s t ) - i r o n 39 3 U D'^nö 6 roDio 11

1ÖJ

12

no^iiNi

13

•

21

•nxr?

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 2

(3d) | D

6

lD£2>öm

9

TV

2 13 ( i s t ) U (2d) 3

3

m p n

4

3 5

PKtran

5

6

2 U

in.

34

m i y

36

vta

JTÛDÏQ

37 U

rrrru

no'TTTNl

40 15

JÏÛD1D

19

o r n i u

20

on*xr?

37

Watson Codex. Î » itswöm

i t

17

v t y

VII.

T D p n , n e r

X.

trip

X.

6 12 23

nt^Di ( i s t ) «73

35

B>SJ1 IX.

8

37

nKtanrVn

1

•HNH BWÌ

nraron

IDp'ì

i r r e m

n w y r i

16 tt

•o-n t p ö n

9

npan

-IpD

12

npDn

1p33 VII.

nt^on *3

nraton

1

?

riNDrïTl III.

trnta Dn*NH •vûpn ix.

18

"OTl -twpön

irtPöii

ormi

7

roron

1

l a n p n

)

14

4

tal in«

n n p n n n n

rrnnn Pfijl

nna

36

8

HK

IX.

s e e also i x .

CTÖJ i x

30

î w y n

min1?

21 27

X.

N1?

r r w

17

n w y rrtrorr X.

w o n

nroron

7

m r o n

vi.

Watson Codex.

5

IX.

m a y

vbx

TW

imi \rrvyn WSÜ I K

12

oni-n1? IX.

DM'

IX.

11

(v.?) r r m * j m .

27

niro

n n

n m y IX.

fD IN

»

6

20

22

VII. IHioy

• m i 1 ? (3d) r i x

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 6 20

IX.

ÜBW

n r ü

Watson Codex.

23

v . y n r u o vi. " j o n r o ö

"

(ist)

23

tan

u

16 21

•rrfi

vi-

p\

12

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 39 23 r n n n 33 m o y

D^nfi

tal

10

22

m

m it

20

18

nix

m o i a

18

1

Watson Codex.

28 9

5

nt2pn (1st) »Jfi 1 ?

i'Dpn Ufi raron

7

nato

9 ti

•onp'ì

mnp'i

raion

roron

136

HEBRAICA.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 9 17 nopn 20 "VtDp'l 10

1

HI. VII.

onurvM

orurvM

6

inon

i m a n

7

10

((

U MVTVf?

t p p

11

10 16 Ik 19 21 U 23 U

o föcn DtaJii Dorrnrr

imo n

5 6 13 25 43 52

o y r o rpyrr jna«

25

NBOÍI NBOÌTI

29

3 ï n m

38 40 46 47 5 6 7 21 22 23

oonrn Niwm (2d) p o ye®

iniN-n

nyeo on

pfnerr

54

ix. o ^ m m

fjNtrn

28 30

13

4

49

rfryo

n f r n n

1

VII.

4 »D"1ÖÖÖ1 See also I X . »DHÍJOOI 5

12

14

tpi?

nna

19

in-

15

5

Dionrin

10

qn^n

15 U

n ö ' m n m. rpyn

16

m.

"

HI. tj *yrt ynx MH1 ö * o n m

i M s n

VIII.

"OTT

mrr -dti

n y n

ans*

trip

nntn Dnôï •jen njnxi ••on KBom inx

nyn&r vu.

pntrrr

i flit is written at the end of one line and r< IX. for other instances of a similar repetition. [25]

njnvn IX.

in.

man mani

IX.

moo

u o o

ta

24

rrtr'N

tai vili.

rvnrn

vili.

i.

inwn

ornas

1ITN1

ta

HNOLD

3

anpn

12 4Í

xta

18

D3

OPD

31

15 H1¥

in.

D^nm

1

14 3 CC

tÒPi (3d) u n i vro« m n

nioco

6

m

11 17 18

NTID

19 20

tttnrr KÏTi

un» ^npnm DD'DI*^ vjntr

CC

mtrniîf [29]

in1? cc

Dannai

VII.

inni m - VJV3K nix m.

HID vn"7 im1? vu. IX.

o m o n

A

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

Watson Codex.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

13 21

n r o n

ni.

14 40

i t f y

22

r u m

rnn'i

43

rrn*

n n o n

VII.

45

ìaitm

4

r v y r r o

11

23

impart itvtt meri

26 tl

HW1?*

5

IX.

9 11

•jyjDrn

32

n n o

14

•jyjam

16

VII.

20

imi

23

m t y

inb

33 U

D*tMN

34 U U u

6

o m ^

IX.

rai

39

m

VII.

"

8

p K f T

11

m x 7 1 M

15

ma PD

18 19

li

22

n n x n in.

y n

^N-itr*

ft5?

36 U

mi

38

in ? 1

T

W

H

w

n

Tiintrn •uroarr D'trjxn

m x

30 U

33

m

n r t y

ron

WDl d*

IX.

D'irai

U

nvipifr IX.

pno»

•nniK

?

l n n n

29

Dn-QN1?

1

WW

- Q T I

•no

DrOM"?

f]iD

t

26

23

31

11

c m * !

i r n n

u n t r a n

•nrw

27

r

irarm in.

See also I X .

14

22

25

5

n

- n n ^ n

VIII.

17

n

13 U

run

i m p n

wsrin

IX.

III.

14

•»ria»

9

p K

M T l V - f t

ianp»i

uri?

n n K

in-

nutra

38 U

16

?

n n n p m

VIII.

o n * n t i n

1

-u^l

rranpm

36

nmio


nfl vrrm ti D'pm Dpm tt o'pn opn 16 vi. nwan larr 31 2 IX. "7K 3 vi. w ^ n n lìfrm 14 in. n*pfi Hpfi [32]

144

HEBRAICA.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

31 15 18 19 21 28 30 34 38 44 47 tí it 48 32

64 3 5 10 14 17 It tt 20 22 tí

Watson Codex.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

on»nn vn onrratn riN ononn u

orvnn vnn oarrapi IX. m. on*onn K it

onom -inai "ipam HIN IHN D ^ n ^N DHpÖil

m.

on*Dm IX. IX. rn^n inxn

m.

DH*pârï

Mvyi noaen i m y n D^J-OK nsaon

•wan YIII. W

W IX. ill. DDTTSN v.

Diaban víooíi w

(2d) o n

YII.

pawn DWpJ

VIII.

Dnpj IX. 27 r o r 28 n m 33 (ist) n ^ o o a v . ? ) n o i o s o " i(2d) f r o t a U rVrojn jiYTD» 35 VII. nnrajn 36 nxao "PX30 38 potyn pyo U roDio roaDia 33 3 IX. DD03HD IX. 7 Vili. 8 D'O* 14 DHfi-Q ondina 15 DHÍ310 D*T£no 28 vi. rrawniaa npTioa

Watson Codex.

33 29

np*noo

30 31 40 52 54 55 34 4 5 6 8 ti

nrvDoa nrvDOD

rniDoa niiDoo

DrVDB'D

OnvatTD IX.

nK nyn

•73 r i N

inwnn

ìmarin IX. Vili.

nnon iniwm ti

"v i . n p r o n o o

i n »twin t; 9 11 rtonn rfraian 12 mtwrm WNìfin 14 (1st & 2d) DJ-ÛN o n m tt •xrn o m s n ^ ix. 35 1 (2d) ^ 5 IX. (3d) f l K Ö 6 orrtyi frrtyi 16 IX. non 17 (2d) n i o » nov 19 IX. (ist) « m tt 20 ÏK IX. 28 (2d) n i » 31 in. 103 ti tt tt 32 1 36 1 DIWD ? mnötro1? 3 v. p r i o r a frfrro ti m. w j v a a W O N U ruMnn rumn 4 ra. u » n * 3 í í wiatt tt (2d) j n 1 ? ™ v. p r f t r o 8 ¡t¡T r m n 9 3Dn D1DH in. p m * 1 11 p n i 12 v. p r f r m \rf?rù 13 pi> r n

[33]

A CRITICAL COPY OF THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH.

145

DEUTERONOMY. Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition. 1

Watson Codex.

il

ma D3TOK Ninji

11 19

38 39 40

W

44

6 7 u

49

D&

1ÏDJ

8

4

rotsn

ti 22

U

7

U

any prro1?

9

6

man IV- DODn m. rrm 1 ? nrn1? VII. run IWTfiMl m. D»nâ»03i m- -prraK miroai D'DXJTI

34 37 ti 38

13 tt

y m o ^ i IX.

18

8 tt

r r n e «

26 13

6

nanmi v.

4 5

a r w n

m e w

pnrwi Tmiawi

9 22

rix IX.

a r w

irTD1?

29 6

moip

nmn ¡ 0 onyn

24

16

D ^ r r

n n

[34]

weh

u m mtw innen

Watson Codex.

noern

19 25 8

3 7

•porri mom D*ru m s atnM nm1?

17

VII. IX.

nntw mnntrn D^m in- " p * o m -JK'ÎDI jmr m. n * o m As one word.

iv. s e w n m. n * n ï ? m. nnro mno mm mrm m. D»r)ö*oi D'nöioi y in. im •nn^M v. o r r r e w on^Döi Dir^Däi m. n V j D tfMD n'ondo ronxo nyûtrn m . n y * s e n IX. wn v i . -jOjj-t IX.

mnv.-.it^N trnâom iv. DTiâoiom •^DÖ m. D'NXV

10 11

DU1? 1X13 moi

Y II.

15 21 et

IX.

6 23

14

IX.

rfv» o

oorm monp

9 It

ïiy oy? na man

tt

IX.

jl^NO

5 17

5

IX.

10- 12

4

47

IX.

u

36

u

prrrn m. r f r 02h VDl rwyn 31MÏ

3DÌ) fp - p i o ITOBTI ision

1 5

3

43 ;t

any -ûnam

i rh prnK 1 n1?

33

30

41 42

IX.

onjn

ro'Brn

((

D3*nOK ni. K*3Jì

32

26

39

IX.

28

23

4

IX.

20 it

2

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

•roc

7

vnprn •PD

m. vn*pm m.

146

HEBKAICA.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

8 17 18 tt 20 9 1 4 5 7 8 9 It 10 11 13 15 17 19. 26 27 tt 29 10 1 Q O 7 11 12 ti 15 17 22 11 3 8 12 14 20 22 23 29 30 12 5

Watson Codex.

III. D * ¥ y i m . rr*3 VII. IX.

W l HD ì ^ ì D^rï™ D'Olii DGJHIO tt

iv.

•rvfrjn nirrï? D»3iro m . n*nV?

(2d) r\nt>

D »aro nni1?

rrtvp

•pp m.

1

nm ? DD^Nl (ist) m r r

7 t n nm1? tt n ^ m omx1? nxn^ Î1N -pn3îO

IDt IX.

(ist) n x pKH •pin nnro nps-fyi kmm DTU m strvrr

DB* na&> vi. ^ o n t y v. y n t y IX.

5 11 13 14 15 17 tt it

20 13 5 6 8 9 11 13 14 2 5 6 7 tt

m.

"|n*3n

et

et

U

15 IC

m.

r\*rrb 1

OHON ?

m.

TOJÎTI

yroa vnna

rrni4?

DS^BW IX. IX.

*13î

*erp

Watson Codex.

12

awmty) Dermo tt IX.

TD&T» 1 ? 'ntyn

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

nN "j»n*3K3 i m n

m.

18 19 23 27 15 5 6 U 8 9 18 19 U tt

v m m •?3 m p N • p i nirra np3-trï?i t^nim A s one word. 3B»n IJDB''?

16

9 18 tt

17 12 [35]

r\m

(2d) Dt? 7rV?y tt

-pub

vi. "|BnTi Trï?N D 3 n N T h e word omitted. m. 7n3Nì (2d) N1? N*?! ujnrrn irunn

"}B>wi

1Ö*DV

IfiDV

ÌYMD lpx

tfTUD lpKl

"•oi

S a

•DIÖOOI rrtyo oannr»

•Dnfioai

narnn

nöunn

Dionnn i]nt5Ti

•?31 7HT

rt> rtwyh nourri ö3yn ö*3ym •B^ör» - i m i TOM "1131 nopn D'iDötr Dnötri pTD

W

17

ni&T?i IX. IX. tysyn VII. (iv.?) K ì ) 3 3 n (IV.?) 1 ( 1 ) 3 3 3 (IV.?) "1(1)33 vu. III. m , ontû*^! Vi. pi(»)î3

147

A C R I T I C A L COPY OF T H E SAMARITAN P E N T A T E U C H . Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

17 12 20 U 18 1 3 4 8 10 11 12 14 15 16 22 t( ti 19 3 5 u 7 17 U U 18 21 20 5 8 9 10

IX.

iro^oo

in^oo D*rf?m

Drf?m p n

IX.

ovion

73^0

naro D'/ron

Derno D»tn»

o r a IX.

rba) ffDIN

-mn

IX.

v.

nun T^m*

(in.?)

•pny IX.

•nsn ttofitsm

p v n Tun

•nan triMNrr

D'tî'JN

i n . o»öÖ*BTn

D»ÖÖB>n HI. 0*00*871 •MTI

onotrn m. ono*B>n tt 14

nriN-ipi

ti tt

od? •royin 19 7IV03----N137

11 18 21 2 3 11 14 17 20 23 22 1

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

Watson Codex.

-pDsn nnnp"7ì rrosn

PDIDI 3B>n

u u

rwnpi

DIO1?

omajnn

IX.

TIOIIPI VII.

vi. nnray rrroan N3ÏD1

Watson Codex.

IX. O^fiJ VI. B»(*)7pn ertpn rtorü nniro nwn1? mrf7 33&ST» See also IX. 33&?H VII. rrnjy 30 (2d) ifr 23 4 IX. osnwa 6 •D2ÌDÌ •m3ì0ì it Cfalfr in. cb* jfr 8 n^v rfiv i4 (ist & 2d) -pno -pno 16 IX. 3103 17 nwnp rtenp it ttnp £vip 22 '3 •31 24 4 wonn worin 8 DJ7ÌV o*nnx 11 VIII. KXV 13 3crr 3*trn 14 v. y-no yuo 16 (1st & 2d) IJIOV V1ÌO» 21 ^ìyn 25 3 ÌTiOTfr irart? 15 w n»ÎT ti psnti» p3*W 17 Tor "or 18 D^mn o^eron 26 8 DTIÖ1031 DTIÖ031 14 III. •J1K3 15 v. yvrrp 1 18 ni. nVjD rbso 22 4 9 19 21 29 tt

27 4 9 10 22 28 7 ii

'N^n

y&n [36]

12 18

ÎTVPT

n*ro

vnpn irinx

D'OKnn jnt$>3i V*

nmtryi

p 7 n n m u

m-vn*pn (in.?)

i r m

o*onn VIII.

-fD^i nrmB'jri

148

HEBRAICA.

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

28 20 U 22 24 25 u 27 U 28 31 ((

33 35 36 39 40 It 41 42 48 51 53 54 55

Watson Codex.

-p-ro^rr ^p-rrjxn "P* TYTOBM yaeoi roboo TO

Ch. Vs. Blayney's Edition.

- p w n 1T3N IX.

JTD'JDO IX.

"P*

cnroi IX.

"P*

my

-JMON IX. NS VII.

FV NAN

nan

1

a ?) y ¡sha NAI

v i . -|(»)m •FRM TMV

yya mart

r^tn ssnv vi. - j c m *

28 63 68 29 3 5 8 9 10 11 12 15 17 19 20 21 23 25 28 29 30 1 U

ma

Watson Codex.

D2KK nwiio DTisoni T^NI •Boon

DDnN in. n v r j o D^nsiani YTIKI ntwon VMBTI DDHíDBn HI. D s n o ' i n -pno 7JTO -pnyn1? (1st) VIII. in. orr1?*^ NNN NRRNN VII. ROIRON D'NIROR? HI. D w a s r i DÍTOK DTÜK nnp?K VII. ITFMJM

a*?

mm

NWRN

10 16 20-34:12

ty vnpm

ntt)

RWRN to in- v n * p m

nV?

pnr ip*r X. mv Tnr IX. y w The manuscript has none of the headings of books and sections found in Blayney's edition nor are the initial letters of the books of extraordinary size. The punctuation and the division into paragraphs are not identical with those of the printed text but a detailed statement of the difference is beyond the scope of this collation. TABLE II.

The only place where two readings are actually given is Gen. 30:37. See HEBRAICA, V o l . I X . , p . 223.

TABLES III., IV., V. AND VI. It is not deemed necessary to reprint these Tables apart from Table I. There the text which the scribe preferred is given at length and the secondary readings are indicated by asterisks and parentheses, the former denoting the insertion of a 1 or a as the case may be, and the latter the omission of the inclosed letters. [37]

A CRITICAL COPT OF THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH.

TABLE

149

VII.

GENESIS. Ch. Vs.

Blayney.

[no^nDi nn nno D'-oy Trwi DPQ a TrliJO 8 KT» 2 17 imi 24 'TDtJ'K 14 •NT 9 IHK 17 n*mn 28 (ist) p x n 5 rD7J 46 nnptrn

4 4 10 15 12 15 16 14 1 5

16 19

22 24

Watson Codex. Beading Reading Given. Indicated.

nnn B.

onnjn

Ch. Vs.

25 4 11 28 6 30 14 31 3

B.

no B. B.

B.

NTH

Dra

35 9 37 7

B.

41 19 32 42 27 44 14 46 10 12 47 14 49 17 50 11

B. 'j'DBW B. r»o 3B. man B. inn B. pK B. T" B. nnp^K

Blayney.

rw •m •ran •*rmo nrrfao ^ mn nap pa rwtr inxn nno nnxi TftW

nno (1st)

pK

Watson Codex. Reading Reading Given. Indicated. B.

M & X

Hin Wl

B. B.

•tno "im'ns1?! B. B. nNin B. noNp l B. roro B rwrr B. nnK B. no B. mal B. rfren B. no B.

röy

pan

B. B.

EXODUS. Ch. Vs.

Blayney.

6 15 NNXI 7 22 O R R E R T A 9 30 •RUN» 17 3 R O N 9 Y M V 20 5 (1st) ^ 19 (2d) M 21 15 PD 0

Watson Codex. Reading Reading Given. Indicated. B. B.

NNXI

DIREI-FA B.

NY-R

B. YWRV^

B.

TY

B.

RUN

B.

rooi

B.

Ch. Vs.

Blayney.

22 6 NVOI 17 N F T W A N 23 JFLÖEN 25 21 •7N1 26 62d N W 36 8 39 23 ninn 40 20 •7N

1 B = reading of Blayney's edition. ' These two entries should have been omitted f r o m Table I. a The mark perhaps accidental. * The mark perhaps unfinished or accidental. « Cf. Ex. 17:3 in Table I X . A.

[38]

Watson Codex. Reading Reading Given. Indicated. NXVAI B.

B.

MRRFORA

Y M B.

B. TYI

B . B(?)DTJF W J O

B. tnrrn

B.

FY

150

HEBRAICA. LEVITICUS.

Ch. Vs. 6 17 10

4 7

Blayney.

•BWD iNtr man

Watson Codex. Beading Beading Given. Indicated.

B. rrt^ND B. IKBn proon m a n

13 22

ON

DN1

B.

25

-jan

rosrr

B.

Ch. Vs. 17 15 19 36 21

6

27

9

Blayney.

tal •JTNO uoo

Watson Codex. Beading Beading Given. Indicated B.

«J3

B. (?)»jno B. ntrx B. moo

NUMBERS. Ch. Vs. 1

6 12

2 12 5 19 21 26 28 7 11 41 71 11 23 12

Htrmv HtWDtf Htsnw •pjn

M A N I X

B.

16 30

MTTROV

42

RNTSMIF

19 21

B. B.

tfpjn

B.

20

ros B. (?) onrr B. rrrwpji

«ax •nm nnpjji B. n n p ' i ianp* B. R N T R N W Htmw B. na^oy rnti»oy 7np>n

22 32

NY?Y

3

Ch. Vs.

B.

pyn NDin nriar?

5

13 19

14

Blayney.

Watson Codex. Beading Beading Given. Indicated.

aw

-pp*n

B. B.

B.

row

B.

5 6

TEN

11 34 23 18 19 24 16

py

25 15

NINN

18

nan

M Y

rrxnn •roí man

22 12

29

Blayney.

w m Day run rryoBn DIN mt¡> nora •3D

2

B.

32 20

B.

35

B'TT

Watson Codex. Beading Beading Given. Indicated. M Y

inn

nrai B.

ma» B.

(?)B. mxm

nan B. rrntwn n^m onay B. JN

(?)B.

B.

YOEN

DINH B.

B. HB>

B.

B.

n*aD

B.

DN Otfl B. nnrmi nrmi w r o r v a r i (2d)

DEUTERONOMY. Ch. Vs.

Blayney.

run

Watson Codex. Beading Reading Given. Indicated.

Ch. Vs.

Blayney.

nnnpt7i nmy nay

B.

21 11

9

TL&XF? TY

B. B.

22 29

8 18

LYD?

B.

29 20

A1?

ntwin

B.

29

•ttfram

4 18 43 5

15 18 16

9

W C H

wan Í10M

noNpa

28 35

B.

Watson Codex. Beading Reading Given. Indicated.

B.

nnpt7i

B.

my

~\Y

B.

VFR) ROTFRNTI

B. B.

In Tables VIII. and IX. reference will be found to some other places in which secondary readings were indicated. [39]

A

C R I T I C A L C O P Y OF T H E S A M A R I T A N P E N T A T E U C H . TABLE

151

VIII.

The additions are inclosed in parentheses. They are interlineations except where otherwise stated. " 1 s t " denotes the first scribe and " 2 d " another hand, no attempt being here made to discriminate between the work of perhaps several later scribes. "Where the additions are in exactly the same ink as the surrounding t e x t " a " is added; while these changes may have been made immediately after the writing of the word affected, it should be borne in mind that the first writer used the same kind of ink throughout the volume, although its transcription occupied considerable time. No account is taken of the text supplied on paper in many places principally by the writer of the Arabic colophon. See also Table IX. GENESIS. Watson Codex. Readings. Author of Change.

Ch. Vs.

Blayney.

15 7 f 10 21 16 25 23 27 12 29 16

rinir! -pnwnrr -nra "KDrO

ist; «. " "

W Q 3 •MfDÖM " " Tyvn ^ T O l ) " " n t c m ( • m a m prob. ist. njîDpn r u ( û ) p r r ist; a.

33 17 rrniOD 2(n)fïDD " 4i 20 n w w n n w D t ^ i n r r 50 T R I F L E S 3

" "

Ch. Vs.

Blayney.

Watson Codex. Readings. Author of Change.

42 17 21 44 10

tpKn mvr» OWpJ

( i ] ) D N n Prob. 1st. m y r n n ist. D H K ) l p l 1st; a.

45 1 46 20 U

wxim

oirani 4

21 49 8

"

5 fKjro 1st; a. "IMI n r i n e » ^ i n n t r K D prob. ist.

EXODUS. Ch. V s .

3 S U 9 11 4 28 6 25 17 2 16

Watson Codex. Readings, Author of Change.

Blayney.

rmtfi TOfTi •WIE* nyifi irf?tr m

m ? »mam « w f t r i B » 2 ; 29:20,

I Q ' J S ? ; 3 1 : 2 , 2 ^ ; 21, » f l X ; 32:10 (whole v e r s e ) ; 27, H 3 J T ; 33:3, D D D J H O ; 54, ^ O ^ V a

2

^ !

34:6, 7, 2

D

^

( 2 d ) ; 14, » J f m D J T Q N i 35:5, f l X S ( 3 d ) ; 16,

n o n ; 1 9 , 2 K i n u s t ) ; 28, ¡ ¡ n i a (2d). DEUTERONOMY.

1=7, n m ; « W I ^ K ; 2:5, » t p (last t w o w o r d s ) ; 11, ( a l l ) ; 12, (1st 11 w o r d s ) ; 36, M m urvn;

7:9, x i n ; i 8 , m n * j n t w n P K ;

« m i r ( i » t ) ; 12:15, « u ^ x » ; 19:5,2^«,;

8:20, o D v f ? « ; » ^ » T O B T ! 1 ? ;

is-.«, i n M y m ;

20:19,-njfoa - p f l Q

tfQ1?;

7, n m o r r , 10, 3:26, e ^ V , 4:47,

i8:i4,o»trv; 2 2 , 1 3 m

22:4, D f t f i U !

29, 3 3 J J M ;

19. (2d); 23:4,

i 6 , 3 1 t t t ; 2 8 : 3 1 , ^ 1 " p f i ^ O ' T i t t ; 55, y i y j p . ' An adjoining letter written at first where the one now over the erasure is. 3 Apparently due to carrying out calaeographic principles, in moat cases that of placing letters under similar letters in the preceding line. « Due to bringing out the cryptograms; so also perhaps 4 333 erased from the margin to the left of this word. • S e e HEBRAICA, V o l . I X . , p . 220.

»«"> 8 Portions of these words (•'"in, b and j S j N respectively) perhaps not oontemporary. [45]

A

C R I T I C A L C O P T OF T H E S A M A R I T A N P E N T A T E U C H .

157

^ (1st) of Num. 4:14, (? of Num. 30:2) and ^tf (1st) of Deut. 9:26 were written twice, once at the end of a line and again at the beginning of the next line, and the former erased. Cf. Lev. 16:15 in Table I. TABLE X. The portion of the text of the first scribe that preceded ¡"JJ")N ' "liD^ ' of Gen. 3:19 and that that followed ' of Deut. 30:20 have been lost. The leaf that contained Gen. 11, from ji] of verse 4 to the end of verse 23, has also disappeared. In the following list the missing text is supplied in brackets from Blayney's edition. There can be no reasonable doubt that in most of the places where only part of a word has disappeared the reading was the same as that here given. Fragments of some of the letters remain but not enough to identify them with certainty. GENESIS.

5:19, wnm, -r^mi; 28, >rrra, p i ; 29, i w y n t o ] ; 30, n^vra; 32, rrftnn; toi; 4, [ p ; 5, ; e, a i v y m ; 7, m e w , ast) m y , (ist) PD; [|]n; 9, 2d tm], [j-|]N; 10, [ ¡ W ^ ; n, [N^oni; 12, (1st and 2d) [ p i o n , nmy, 13, pjg]1?, pjum; 14, wy n a n , trrnN n n s m ; 15, [rr^jftn, tnann- cnoiN; iMnDta, t n i n o , r n ^ i n ; 17, fryi t r m [ p [ n x a i , PB>]JI; 19, r u t w n , r p m ; 20, mn^o1?, DP^IM; 21, [lip], ytya-, 22, nj], 7:1, -]QN>ra, -jnra, '[jg1?] ; 2, mpm, noma™, "id«; 3, nrynsw, »ja ty]; 4, »e^jn:, o u m N U mppni; 5, B>ypi]; 6, mi],D'tOJ; 7,mtSWll,»JiDIBl; 8, jam (ist); 10,*nmi, 11, »[lY?], LTltn1?], Dintn]; 17, tytQ]; 21, [OUNn; 22, froio; 23, [D1p?n, (2d) ny], [p]NH; 24, [ m m [DIV; 8:i, [Qi»on; 2, (ist) [D»n]£Ti; 3, (ist) [ D m ; 4, s ^ i ^ n ; 6, irm\ rroN, crutra*;CTON; 9, vrbn; 1 7 , m i s i ; 9:17, ^ q ] , is, m m am; 19, rx&tm, f n ^ n i ; 10:4, m^enn; 5, vm, m^b, loirvn:}; 6, ; 15:4, q i e n » •, n:9, 1 atrra, >nnQ], om-nfri; 10, m i , torn; u, oon^nv], DD^DH; 12, rtO], [f]DD]; is, VlOtrU "|£)DO]; is, [yiltTN; 19, [DJ'ny; 20, [ - ¡ w o t r , (2^ ninN, w y , frn-u; 21, i - ^ n , [niinxn; 22, nroN; 23, [npm, en?1?», C^JIN^ ; 25, n t o r o ; is*, D i r a w , v'lm; 7, i n w j ^ ] ; 9, V^ttfl; 20, [ l ^ a ; 19:6, [ n f r i m ; 24:45, Tintl]; 49, d d o t ; 50, Nfr]; 51, npnnj, p f r i ; 52, »n^u •lnntrpi]; 53, i-oy, f m u noN^ra; 54, -U^NJ; se, [nunn; 59, tDirroK; 6i,mnN, [ ^ n ; 62, apjm; 63, [pftBP , [ 1 1 ' ^ ; 64, [fflpm , frjflO ? 65, DOWl, 1 Parchment sufficient to contain one letter lost from the right of the y . read " U y n . )

[46]

(Some manuscripts

HEBRAICA.

158 [ e r o j r a n ; 66, m i x ; 36,

niswii.

•nnfren m u a o

t>i

on'

rfrND;

[QHOtwi [vriN];

67, t n i N O ' i , U U N , v m ;

p a p y r i .

[D'oysj]»

M'Jty 28:11,

dj];

t D i n ^ n ;

nn^Nnoi,

22, j Q K n U i n t w i u

Donnra, 25, [ D i n r r s o a o m

27:35, n n m , up1?

46, [ » m t v p p r n r

w m r m ,

¿ ^ J D ; 21, U T S ; 14,

p n r o

rrnyj,

*?k]. t n p 1 ? twinn; DPH^N

39:10, 1

[-|ro-o];

n a n n ;

43:16,

12

d n ,

45, nra.

co^nn],

ri'ü;

aw,

D>O*JD];

24,

? • EXODUS. 1

9:19, (3d) p N t n i ; 13:7, f j ] ? ^ ; 27:11, [t]]DD D f W p B T n • LEVITICUS. 6:22, < n t r y p ] T t t o i p n ; 23, n ^ j ;

7:5, n r m M n ;

e,

m ] p .

3 ««a« The damaged letter was probably \ » The initial letter accidentally rubbed out.

P . 124, Gen. 19:9, for fi read tO; p. 129, Gen. 43:25, add 33:10, for Num.

read

"]; p. 138, Lev. 26:16, add

8:7, for VII. read ¡-JCT-

[47]

(B.)

Dtf?

MV^DO

X.; p. 134, Ex. cote

>'

P•

14

0,

A. Samaritan Manuscript of the Hebrew Pentateuch written in A. II. 35.—By W . S C O T T W A T S O N , West N e w Tork,

jsr. J.

Osr June 13th, 1896, there was delivered into my hands in Heidelberg a package sent to me from Jacob, the High Priest of the Samaritans in Nablus, Syria. It contained an unpretentiouslooking volume about Of inches high, 5f inches wide, and 2 inches thick, bound rather rudely in red leather and green cotton ; but among its 414 pages was the earliest definitely dated manuscript of the Hebrew text of any portion of the Old Testament known to be in existence. 1 Of its leaves 80 (160 pages) are of parchment and, with the exception of the first six (containing Gen. xli. 49xliii. 27; xlv. 1-xlvii. 19 "JM^ 1 ?, and xlviii. 21-1. 26), which are of a more recent origin, formed part of a codex written in Damascus in A. II. 35 (began July 11, A. D. 655).2 The rest of the book is of paper, and was supplied by Jacob to make a complete Pentateuch. It is to the oldest portion only that I desire to call attention here. The seventy-four leaves in my possession represent eight gatherings of twenty pages each, and one of perhaps only sixteen, in all of which the sheets were so placed that at every opening both the pages are either flesh-sides or hair-sides. They contain the Hebrew text of Ex. iii. 13 » J R ^ - v i . 30 fTliT ; xl. 7 H i i r O l (2°)—Lev. vi. 2 n i r r a ; Lev. vi. 27-xiv. 27 ¿TJOTT; xiv. 51 n r m - x x i i i . 11 ; xxiii. 36 QVDI-xxvii. 22 ; Num. i. 1-i. 31 ; ii. 6 vii. 74; ix.15 2 " U t t l - x v i . 18; and xxxii. 1 • J ^ - D e u t . x . 9. 1 I should here acknowledge m y indebtedness to the Rev. O. Fallscheer for his invaluable assistance in securing this manuscript. 5 The oldest Hebrew biblical manuscripts other than this of which the age is definitely known are the Codex Babylonicus of the Latter Prophets, dated A. D. 916, and a codex of the entire Old Testament, dated A. D. 1009, both now in St. Petersburg. At a meeting of this Society in 1888, Dr. Moore gave an account of a fragment of a Samaritan Pentateuch in the possession of Dr. Grant Bey, of Cairo, (Proceedings, Oct. 1888 [ = J A O S . xiv.], p. x x x v i f . ) . From the description 1 think that it originally belonged to the same volume as my leaves. It was then in Andover, but, as I have been informed by Prof. Moore, has been taken back to Egypt.

[48]

174

W. S.

Watson,

[1899.

The leaves now measure, after the rebinding, about 6§ X inches, and have on each side a text-space for a single column of writing which varies between 5 J- inches and inches in height and 4|- inches and 3 f inches in width. T h e y are in general well preserved, but some parts have suffered injury, and in some places the old letters have been retraced b y the pen of the repairer. There are no catch-words or other indications of sequence. T h e ruling was made by pressure, with the fleshside of the parchment next the hand, and consists of a series of horizontal lines with a pair of vertical lines (or, on some pages, only a single line) at each side of the text-space. W h e r e the cryptogram occurs, there is an additional pair of vertical lines to separate the central space from the wider side columns. I have failed to find any guiding punctures, but they may have been so near the edges of the sheets that they were cut off in the rebinding. T h e number of lines of text on a page ranges from twentynine to thirty-five, those left blank between paragraphs being included. T h e characters, written with a black ink, are of the style usually employed in old Samaritan parchment copies of the Pentateuch, and not of the more current nature used in some other manuscripts of that people. T h e scribe had a great fondness for writing similar letters in consecutive lines under each other ; in some places a mark (such as c : or —c :) was made at the beginning of a line so that the initial letter might stand under the same character occurring as the second letter of the preceding line. There is but one exception to the rule according to which words are not divided between two lines. 1 Superlinear marks, the employment of which became quite extensive in later times, are present in a limited number. There are various punctuation marks, a dot occurring regularly after every word (except frequently the last words of lines), unless some other sign takes its place. Originally there was no current numeration of the sections into which the text is divided ; but the repairer has in many instances added in the margin Arabic numerals of the style now in general use in Syria. Besides what has already been mentioned, we have from the first hand the following m a t t e r : 1. Between the fifteenth and 1 The first three letters of ; IHO'l L e v - x v i - 1 close a line, and the rest of the word stands at the left extremity of the following line which is otherwise blank.

[49]

Vol. x x . ]

Samaritan

MS. of the Hebrew Pentateuch.

175

sixteenth verses of the seventh chapter of Leviticus one line was left without any of the sacred text, and in it were written, with letters not solid but composed in part of dots, the words ' n m m K ' ¡ l l ^ S , " T h e Middle of the L a w . " 2. A t the end of Numbers, after some simple ornamentation, is : '"1 ' "13D Jpfp " T h e Fourth Book ; 220 Sections." 3. A t the end of Exodus, also after some ornamentation, was a note in three lines which, with the repairer's restoration on a paper patch (to inclose which I have inserted brackets) now reads ' CTVJp ' ' J t i T F ' "15D [; n^N1? ' nNTl]0 [' nyp "X, " T h e Second Book ; 198 Sections. Praise be to God." Originally a % stood immediately after the first p which shows that the word occurred there, but as the rest of the line seems irrecoverably lost, it is impossible to determine directly whether the old reading was not the common one of '"1 ' f»yp , " 200 Sections." T h e 0 was followed by a K in the writing of the first scribe ; cf. the latter part of the cryptogram. 1 4. T h e cryptogram described below. T h e first fourteen and a third pages of Deuteronomy have the appearance of two columns separated by a space about as wide as a single character in which are letters here and there, but when the text is examined, it is found that the lines run across the pages and that nothing has been added to the sacred words except a horizontal line under some of the letters placed apart from their companions. When we read down the narrow columns, we get the following account of the origin of the manuscript ' • p e o n ' rUTD!) • H J f D " I D • P • f p V ' p ' ^ j n t j » ' p • 1

In the paper portion there is at the end of Leviticus '

' nVp ' n^l ' p ' » B ^ B M .

"The

Third

Book ;

135

Sections," and

at the end of Deuteronomy . n j ' i T U ' m i T ' J T O ' HO'Dr»' H U H , "Complete Torah; Blessed be Yhvh its Giver," and also • "l^D : y r • m n n : nifp • D V p • * t i " o n n . " T h e

Fifth

B o o k

;160

Sec

tions. And Yhvh knows." The writer of the portion of Genesis on parchment added at the end of the book — s . ; — P T ^ ' J O F " ! ' "LFID 1 -: Q ' ^ p H , " The First Book ; 250 Sections "; and also a copy of the Samaritan alphabet in large-sized characters, followed by the proper names • ' ' T 1 D ' P W ' DL"»^ ' B I S . "Put, Gatam, Isaac, Sered, Abel, Ashkenaz," which, it will be observed, just contain a complete alphabet. 2 Dots have been substituted for the horizontal lines referred to above.

[50]

-

176

TV. 8.

[1899.

Watson,

• n j i a i N i • naioDi • nanD1? • n n e n p ' 'jaoi ' ' » y W

' miaiNl

• n m n i K • nnriD

' naiODl ' n a n D ' p

' Cpl*

• ^ Y O B " • NIA^OO 1 ? • R U E • D ' T ^ E I • E O N • NJEA • NJ'JO ' n'T'N1? ' m N O I , " I) Jacob, the son of Israel, the son of Joseph, the son of Mar, the priest, in the city of Damascus, wrote the Holy Law for the elder [ n a n D is used as the Arabic sheikh'] and the stay of the congregation and the pillar of the congregation Joseph, the son of the elder and the stay and the pillar, Ishmael, of the children of Saginah, in the year thirty-five of the kingdom of Ishmael. A n d praise be to God." This cryptogram exists as it was made by the first scribe ; the possibility of altering any of its letters without the change being easily detected by simply reading the passages affected by the arrangement is absolutely excluded. On the lower part of the page on which is the end of Numbers, Amran, the uncle and predecessor of the present incumbent in the Samaritan highpriesthood, wrote an Arabic memorandum recording his presentation of " t h e s e leaves, which are a f r a g m e n t of an old Torah written in A. H. 35," to his " n e p h e w , J a c o b the Priest," on the tenth of Dhu-l-Hijja, A. H. 1291. A f t e r the addition of some diacritical marks it reads thus : [fit xJ.jm ¿¿¿^t 1« ^s [V*6

u y o C o &+i(Xs . . . .

o l y i M s j j o i ^ j j & y iXs

u M j j ^ + j l Lui».|

^ J ! S U I a c U a J l"