Islamic Coins and Their Values: Volume 1 - The Mediaeval Period 9781907427497, 190742749X
Part 1 of a detailed reference work on Islamic coins. This first volume focuses on the coins of the mediaeval period fro
1,097 152 19MB
English Pages 296 [297]
Table of Contents
Preface
Introduction
Catalogue
Arab-Sasanian
Arab-Byzantine
Umayyad
Abbasid
Iberia & North Africa
Egypt & Syria
Arabian Peninsula & East Africa
Al-Jazira & Anatolia
Pre-Mongol Iran, Afghanistan & Central Asia
Post-Mongol Iran, Afghanistan, & Central Asia
India
South-East Asia
Appendix 1 - Islamic Mints
Appendix 2 - Arabic Numbers
Appendix 3 - Abbasid Caliphs
Appendix 4 - Proper Names of Islamic Rulers
Appendix 5 - Image Credits
General Index
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ISLAMIC COINS AND THEIR VALUES
ISBN : 9 7 8 -1 -9 0 7 -4 2 7 -4 9 -7
9 781907 427497
2015
ISLAMIC COINS AND THEIR VALUES VOLUME 1: THE MEDIAEVAL PERIOD TIM WILKES
Islamic Coins & Their Values Volume 1 The Mediaeval Period
ACHIEVING TOP PRICES FOR ISLAMIC COINS AT AUCTION STAMPS | COINS | BANKOTES | MEDALS | BONDS & SHARES | AUTOGRAPHS | BOOKS | WINES
For more information, please contact Barbara Mears: Tel: +44 (0)20 7563 4091 | Email: [email protected] SPINK LONDON | 69 Southampton Row | Bloomsbury | London | WC1B4ET LONDON | NEW YORK | HONG KONG | SINGAPORE | LUGANO WWW.SPINK.COM
Islamic Coins & Their Values Volume 1 The Mediaeval Period By Tim Wilkes
First Edition
SPINK London 2015
Islamic Coins & Their Values Volume 1 First published 2015 © Spink & Son Ltd. 69 Southampton Row, Bloomsbury London, WC1B 4ET www.spink.com The contents of this catalogue, including the numbering system and illustrations, are protected by copyright. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Spink & Son Ltd. ISBN 978-1-907427-49-7 Typeset by Design to Print UK Ltd., 9 & 10 Riverview Business Park, Forest Row, East Sussex RH18 5FS www.designtoprintuk.com Printed and bound in Malta by Gutenberg Press Ltd
CONTENTS PREFACE ..................................................................................................... vi INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... vii CATALOGUE ARAB-SASANIAN ................................................................................ 1 ARAB-BYZANTINE ........................................................................... 18 UMAYYAD ........................................................................................... 22 ABBASID ............................................................................................. 33 IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA ................................................................ 50 EGYPT & SYRIA ................................................................................. 74 ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA ..................................... 100 AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA .................................................................111 PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA ......... 142 POST-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN, & CENTRAL ASIA .... 195 INDIA .................................................................................................. 234 SOUTH-EAST ASIA .......................................................................... 267 APPENDIX I – Islamic Mints ................................................................... 269 APPENDIX II – Arabic Numbers .............................................................. 270 APPENDIX III – Abbasid Caliphs ............................................................ 271 APPENDIX IV – Proper Names of Islamic Rulers ................................... 272 APPENDIX V – Image Credits ................................................................. 273 GENERAL INDEX .................................................................................... 283
PREFACE The subject of Islamic coins is one that, historically, has not been served well with reference books in the English language and even less so with regard to information on rarity and value. The first such book was in the series of monumental volumes by Michael Mitchiner entitled Oriental Coins & Their Values, the first, published in 1977, covering The World of Islam. This work is now out of print. Nearly 20 years passed before Stephen Album published the first edition of his Checklist of Islamic Coins in 1993, followed by a second edition in 1998 and the most recent third edition in 2011. These works are still highly relevant for the collector but the values offered in Mitchiner’s work are now dated by nearly 40 years and Album’s checklist offers only a rarity guide and has no illustrations. With the above in mind, sometime during 2012, I approached the author of this work, Tim Wilkes, with the idea of creating this book and, thankfully, he was receptive to the idea. Knowing what he knows now he may never have started the project but I am glad that he did as the result is, I hope, something that will establish itself as the standard handbook in the English language for Islamic coins for many years to come. It was created with the ‘Standard Catalogue’ format in mind, modelled on the highly successful Coins of England catalogue and the classic works by David Sear on Greek, Roman and Byzantine Coins & Their Values. The original idea was to create a single-volume work covering all Islamic coinage but it soon became apparent that the work would take much longer than initially planned so it was decided to split the catalogue (at least for this first edition) into two parts, primarily in order to be able to publish the first part now so that users could get used to the format and the author can continue to work on the second part whilst receiving feedback on the first. The task of obtaining high quality images for the catalogue was one which proved to be less painful than originally anticipated. Chris Howgego of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, kindly allowed us access to their vast collection of Islamic coins and we agreed with them to digitise their entire collection and they allowed us to pick and choose the images we required for this catalogue. We are extremely grateful to them for facilitating this. Many more images have been made available from the archives of various coin dealers and auctioneers and a complete list of image sources can be found in Appendix V at the end of the catalogue. We hope you will find this book a useful and handy addition to the literature on the subject and that it will make this less-collected area of numismatics more appealing. Philip Skingley SPINK London, September 2015
INTRODUCTION The world of Islamic coins has always been a somewhat neglected area of collecting. This is a shame, because Islamic coins offer much to interest the collector, including: -
-
The amount of historical information found on an Islamic coin is generally far greater than that found on a contemporary European coin; since most Islamic coins do not depict images, there is more room for text. A typical Islamic coin might bear the name of the ruler, his father, his overlord, the caliph, and the mint and date of issue. Most Islamic coins, from the earliest coinages onward, are dated, whereas in Europe it did not become common practice to place the date on coins until the 16th century. Many Islamic coins are aesthetically pleasing due to the artistry of the calligraphy and the styles and designs used.
Many Islamic coins of the period covered by this volume were struck in far greater quantities and are far more commonly available today than contemporary European coins; consequently it is possible to build a wide-ranging representative collection even on a limited budget.
Scope of this volume
This volume covers the period from the beginning of Islamic coinage in the 1st century AH / 7th century AD up to the 10th century AH / 16th century AD. The 10th century AH marks a natural point to conclude this volume, as it saw the end of many smaller dynasties and the rise of the three great dynasties which between them would go on to rule most of the Islamic world: the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals. I have not imposed an arbitrary cut-off date for this volume; I have elected to list complete dynasties rather than split them between two volumes. Obviously 900 years of coinage from an area stretching from Spain to Southeast Asia is an enormous subject which cannot be covered in great detail in a single volume, so some omission and simplification was inevitable. This book is intended to serve as an introductory guide; suggestions for further reading are given at the beginning of each section.
How to use this guide
The prices given in this book are for coins in very fine (VF) condition, except for the Umayyad and Abbasid copper listings where the prices are for coins in fine (F) condition. The prices given are for coins where both the mint and date (when present) are visible; coins with illegible mints and/or dates will usually be worth less. The price given is for the most common mint and date combination within each type; rare mints and dates may be worth significantly more. All the dates in this book are given in the Hijri (AH) calendar, signified by the letter h after the date.
Further reading - - - -
Plant, R., Arabic Coins and How to Read Them (reprint due to be published in late 2015) Broome, M., A Handbook of Islamic Coins, London 1985 Album, S., A Checklist of Islamic Coins, 3rd ed., Santa Rosa, 2011. This is an essential reference for any serious collector; it contains a wealth of information, both about the coins and their historical background. Other works are cited at the beginning of each chapter and in the dynasty listings.
Acknowledgements
Thanks are due to Philip Skingley of Spink for persuading me of the need for a book of this kind, to Stephen Lloyd of Morton & Eden Ltd for proofreading the text and for many valuable suggestions, to Matt Curtis for doing more than his fair share of running our business while I have been working on this book, and finally to my wife Lucy for all her help and support. Tim Wilkes
CATALOGUE
ARAB-SASANIAN For the first few decades after the Arab conquest of the Sasanian empire, the coinage of these lands consisted largely of silver drachms closely based on the design of Sasanian coins. The earliest Arab-Sasanian drachms retained the name of the Sasanian king in the obverse field in front of the king’s face; this was later replaced by the name of the Arab governor (usually in Pahlavi, occasionally in Arabic). All Arab-Sasanian drachms have an Arabic inscription (most often bism allah – ‘in the name of God’) in the obverse margin. The standard reverse consists of a fire-altar and two standing attendants, to the left of which is found the date and to the right the mintname, both in Pahlavi. This coinage continued until (and beyond at a few mints) the introduction of Umayyad reform-type dirhams in 78-79h. In other Eastern areas such as Tabaristan and Central Asia the Arabs also initially continued to use the designs of the pre-conquest coinage, with minor modifications. Walker, J., A Catalogue of the Arab-Sassanian Coins in the British Museum, London, 1941 Album, S., & Goodwin, T., Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean, Volume 1: The PreReform Coinage of the Early Islamic Period, Oxford, 2002 Weber, E.G., Arabo-Sasanidische Drachmen, Bremen, 2013 Gyselen, R., Arab-Sasanian Copper Coinage, 2nd ed., Vienna, 2009
1
2 3
1 Anonymous, AR Drachm, Yazdigerd III type (common mint: SK)
2 Anonymous, AR Drachm, Khusraw II type (common mints: BYŠ, SK) Anonymous, AR Drachm, Khusraw II type, mint and date in Arabic
VF $250
$125 $15,000
2
4
5 6
7
8
1
arab-sasanian
4 Mu‘awiya, caliph (41-60h), AR Drachm (common mint: DA)
5 ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Amir (c.41-45h), AR Drachm (common mints: BYŠ, DA) - Æ Pashiz
7 Ziyad b. Abi Sufyan (45-54h), AR Drachm (common mints: BYŠ, DA)
8 Samura b. Jundab (c.52-53h), AR Drachm Stephen Album Rare Coins, Auction 17, 19-21-September 2013, lot 89
VF $300
$150 Extremely rare1
$125
$400
arab-sasanian
3
9
9 ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Zayd (c.52-54h), AR Drachm
VF $750
10
10 al-Hakam b. Abi’l-‘As (c.54-58h), AR Drachm
$600
11
11 ‘Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad (54-64h), AR Drachm (common mints: BCRA, DA, GD, SK)
12
- Æ Pashiz
12
$80
$250
4
arab-sasanian
13
13 ‘Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr (60-73h), AR Drachm (common mints: DA, DA-GH, DA-P)
14
- Æ Pashiz
15
15 Salm b. Ziyad (c.61-65h), AR Drachm (common mints: HRA, MRW)
$100
16
16 ‘Abd Allah b. Khazim (fl.62-72h), AR Drachm (common mints: BBA, MRW) al-Harith b. ‘Abd Allah (64-65h), AR Drachm
$150
17
14
VF $125
$500
$2000
arab-sasanian
18
18 Talha b. ‘Abd Allah (c.64-66h), AR Drachm
5
VF $300
20 21
19 ‘Abd al-Malik b. Marwan, caliph (65-86h), AR Drachm (common mints: DA, DA-P) ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Ariq (fl.66h), AR Drachm Malik b. ‘Aws? (fl.66h), AR Drachm
22
22 ‘Abd al-Malik b. ‘Abd Allah (66-67h), AR Drachm
$400
23
23 ‘Abd al-‘Aziz b. ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Amir (c.66-69h), AR Drachm
$300
19
$200 Extremely rare $2000
6
arab-sasanian
25 26
24 ‘Umar b. ‘Ubayd Allah (67-72h), AR Drachm (common mints: ART, BYŠ) Qatan b. ‘Udayy? (fl.67h), AR Drachm Muhammad b. ‘Abd Allah (fl.67h), AR Drachm
27
27 Mus‘ab b. al-Zubayr (c.67-71h), AR Drachm
$400
28
28 Qatari b. al-Fuja’a (c.69-79h), AR Drachm
$750
29 30
29 ‘Atiya b. al-Aswad (fl.70-77h), AR Drachm Humran b. Aban (72h), AR Drachm
$275 $1200
24
VF $80 $1600 Extremely rare
arab-sasanian
7
31
‘Abd al-Malik b. Abi Shaykh (fl.72h), AR Drachm
VF Extremely rare2
32 33
32 Muqatil b. Misma‘ (72-73h), AR Drachm Numayra b. Malik (fl.73h), AR Drachm
$400 Extremely rare
34 35
34 Khalid b. ‘Abd Allah (c.73-75h), AR Drachm Bishr b. Marwan (c.73-75h), AR Drachm, standard type
36
- AR Drachm, ‘caliph orans’ type
37
37 ‘Umayya b. ‘Abd Allah (c.73-77h), AR Drachm
2
36
Stephen Album Rare Coins, Auction 17, 19-21-September 2013, lot 104
$250 $7500
$7500
$600
8
arab-sasanian VF
38
38 ‘Abd al-‘Aziz b. ‘Abd Allah (fl.74h), AR Drachm
40
39 al-Muhallab b. Abi Sufra (c.75-79h), AR Drachm (common mints: ART, BYŠ, DA) - Æ Pashiz
41
41 al-Hajjaj b. Yusuf (75-95h), AR Drachm (common mint: BYŠ)
42 43
42 - AR Drachm, with radial obverse legend - Æ Pashiz
39
$400
$125 $300
$250
$1500 $500
arab-sasanian
9
44 45 46 47 48 49
44 ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Umayya (fl.75-77h), AR Drachm al-Bara’ b. Qabisa (fl.76h), AR Drachm al-Hakam b. Nahik (fl.77h), AR Drachm Yazid b. al-Muhallab (78h), AR Drachm ‘Abd al-Rahman b. ‘Abd Allah (fl.79h), AR Drachm al-Musayyib b. Shihr? (fl.79h), AR Drachm
VF $400 Extremely rare Extremely rare3 $1200 $3000 Extremely rare
50 51
50 ‘Ubayd Allah b. Abi Bakra (fl.79-80h), AR Drachm ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Amir al-Mujashi‘i (fl.80h), AR Drachm
$250 Extremely rare
52 53
3
52 ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Muhammad (fl.80-83h), AR Drachm (common mint: SK) ‘Abd Allah b. Bastam (fl.82h), AR Drachm
Morton & Eden Auction 54, 23 April 2012, lot 17
$250 Extremely rare
10
arab-sasanian
54
54 ‘Amr b. Laqit (fl.82-83h), AR Drachm
55 56 57
55 Khalid b. Abi Khalid (fl.83h), AR Drachm ‘Ubayd Allah b. ‘Abd al-Rahman (c.83-84h), AR Drachm ‘Umara b. Tamim (84-85h), AR Drachm
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67
58 62 Farroxzad, Æ Pashiz Yusuf b. ‘Umar (119-126h), Æ Pashiz Shurayk, Æ Pashiz Khalid b. ‘Abbad, Æ Pashiz Daray, Æ Pashiz Mansur, Æ Pashiz Aban b. al-Walid, Æ Pashiz Gyanbud, Æ Pashiz Tegin, Æ Pashiz Anonymous, AR Drachm, with religious legend in place of governor’s name
VF $800
$3000 $2500 Extremely rare
$150 $1000 $400 $400 $300 $400 $400 $300 $500 $5000
arab-sasanian
68 69 70
68 Anonymous, AR Drachm, standing caliph type Anonymous, AR Drachm, mihrab type Anonymous, Æ Pashiz, various types
11
VF Extremely rare Extremely rare $150
EASTERN SISTAN
71 72 73
71 Anonymous, AR Drachm Sulayman (138-141h), AR Drachm Jannah, AR Drachm
74
Qudama, AR Drachm
74
$125 $750 $250
$300
12
arab-sasanian
75 76 77
Halil, AR Drachm Mujashi‘, AR Drachm Murad, AR Drachm
78
Khalid, AR Drachm
79 80 81 82
‘Uthman, AR Drachm Misma‘, AR Drachm Ishaq, AR Drachm Bakkar, AR Drachm
75
78
79
VF $500 $400 $750
$300
$300 $750 $250 $250
arab-sasanian
83 84 85 86 87 88
83 Muhammad b. Zuhayr, AR Drachm Tamim b. Sa‘id (166-170h), AR Drachm ‘Imad, AR Drachm Rida, AR Drachm caliph al-Ma’mun (194-218h), AR Drachm al-Layth (200-204h), AR Drachm, countermarked type
13
VF $600 $300 $300 $250 $1500 $300
ARAB-ARMENIAN
89
89 Anonymous, AR Zuzun, Hormazd IV type
90
90 Muhammad b. Marwan, AR Zuzun
$15,000
$1200
ARAB-KHWAREZM 91 92
al-Fadl b. Sulayman (166-171h), AR Drachm al-Fadl b. Sahl (196-202h), AR Drachm
$800 $800
14
arab-sasanian
ARAB-HEPHTHALITE
93
‘Gorigo Shah’, AR Drachm
93
VF $1200
ARAB-BUKHARAN 94 95
Khalid b. Ibrahim (137-140h), AR Drachm Muhammad (al-Mahdi), as heir under al-Mansur, AR Drachm
Extremely rare $150
96 97 98 99
96 caliph al-Mahdi, AR Drachm ‘Ali b. ‘Isa (180-191h), AR Drachm caliph al-Amin, AR Drachm Dhu’l-Riyasatayn (196-202h), AR Drachm
$125 Extremely rare4 $250 $1200
ABBASID GOVERNORS OF TABARISTAN Malek, H.M., The Dabuyid Ispahbads and Early ‘Abbasid Governors of Tabaristan: History and Numismatics, London, 2004 100
4
Anonymous, AR ½-Drachm, in the name of Khurshid (posthumous)
Morton & Eden Auction 63, 22 April 2013, lot 39
$125
arab-sasanian
101 102
101 Rawh b. Hatim (146-148h), AR ½-Drachm Muhammad (al-Mahdi), as heir under al-Mansur, AR ½-Drachm
103
103 Khalid b. Barmak (149-155h), AR ½-Drachm
104
104 ‘Umar b. al-‘Ala (155-165h), AR ½-Drachm
105 106
105 Sa‘id b. Da‘laj (160-163h), AR ½-Drachm Yahya b. Mikhnaq (163-165h), AR ½-Drachm
5
Baldwin’s Islamic Coin Auction 5, 15 October 2002, lot 161
15
VF Extremely rare Extremely rare5
$200
$40
$40 $600
16
arab-sasanian
107 108 109 110
107 Muqatil (164, 171-176h), AR ½-Drachm Nusayr (168h), AR ½-Drachm Mihran (170h), AR ½-Drachm Jarir (170-172h), AR ½-Drachm
111
111 Sulayman (171-173h), AR ½-Drachm
112 113 114
112 Hani (172-176h), AR ½-Drachm Ma‘add (173h), AR ½-Drachm ‘Abd Allah b. Qahtaba (174-176h), AR ½-Drachm
115 116
115 ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Arif (176h), AR ½-Drachm Qudayd (175h), AR ½-Drachm
VF $40 $2000 $1500 $150
$80
$40 $500 $80
$250 Extremely rare
arab-sasanian
117
117 Ibrahim (175-176h), AR ½-Drachm
118 119
118 ‘Abd Allah b. Sa‘id al-Harashi (c.185-187h), AR ½-Drachm al-Fadl b. Sahl (197h), AR ½-Drachm
120
120 Anonymous, AR ½-Drachm, ‘AFZWT’ type
17
VF $250
$250 Extremely rare
$30
ARAB-BYZANTINE As was the case in the former Sasanian empire, early coinage in those parts of the Byzantine empire captured by the Arabs was based on existing prototypes. The first post-conquest coinage consisted of imitations of contemporary Byzantine copper coins. This was eventually superseded by the introduction of various different anonymous types based loosely on Byzantine designs, with legends and mintnames in either Arabic or Greek. Finally, in the 70s AH, a new uniform type was introduced depicting the standing figure of the caliph ‘Abd al-Malik; copper coins of this type bear the name of the caliph, while the rare gold dinars are anonymous. The earliest Islamic coinage of Spain and North Africa consisted of gold (and some rare copper) coins loosely based on Byzantine designs, with a variety of different types. The earliest types have modified Greek legends, while later ones have a mixture of Greek and Arabic. Many types of this series are dated with either Byzantine indiction years or AH dates. Umayyad post-reform gold and silver types were introduced much later in this region than in most of the rest of the Islamic world, in the years 97-103 AH. Walker, J., A Catalogue of the Arab-Byzantine and Post-Reform Umayyad Coins in the British Museum, London, 1956 Album, S., & Goodwin, T., Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean, Volume 1: The PreReform Coinage of the Early Islamic Period, Oxford, 2002 Foss, C., Arab-Byzantine Coins, Washington DC, 2008
121 122
123 124 125
121 Anonymous, AV Solidus, pseudo-Byzantine types (beware of modern forgeries of this type which are merely official Byzantine solidi with altered details) - AV Dinar, obv. three standing figures, rev. modified cross, shahada around
123 - AV Dinar, standing caliph type, rev. modified cross, date around (modern forgeries of types 121-123 are frequently encountered) - Æ Fals, pseudo-Byzantine type, three standing figures - Æ Fals, pseudo-Byzantine type, two standing figures
VF Extremely rare Extremely rare
Extremely rare $250 $125
ARAB BYZANTINE
19
126 127
126 - Æ Fals, pseudo-Byzantine type, standing figure - Æ Fals, pseudo-Byzantine type, facing bust
127
128 129 130
128 - Æ Fals, two seated figures type - Æ ½-Fals, two seated figures type - Æ Fals, seated figure type
$400 $500 $150
131 132
131 132 - Æ Fals, standing figure type (common mint: Dimashq) - Æ Fals, two standing figures type
$125 $150
133 134 135
133 - Æ Fals, facing bust type (common mint: Hims) - Æ Fals, three standing figures type - Æ Fals, countermarked type
$125 $150 $125
134
VF $100 $125
20
136 137
138
ARAB BYZANTINE
136 - Æ Fals, standing caliph type, rev. M - Æ 12-Nummi
VF $250 $150
138 ‘Abd al-Malik (65-86h), Æ Fals, standing caliph type, rev. transformed cross (common mints: Halab, Hims)
$150
SPAIN & NORTH AFRICA
139 140 141
139 Spain, AV Solidus, obv. star, rev. legend across centre - AV Semissis, obv. star, rev. modified cross - AV Tremissis, similar
142
- AV Solidus, bilingual type
143 144 145 146 147
143 North Africa, AV Solidus, obv. two facing busts, rev. modified cross - AV Semissis, similar - AV Tremissis, similar - Æ Fals, similar - Æ Fals, similar, with name of governor
142
$2500 $8000 $6000
$15,000
$12,000 $10,000 $8000 $1500 $1500
ARAB BYZANTINE
21
148 - Æ Fals, obv. facing bust, rev. modified cross
VF $1500
$3000 $3000
151
149 - AV Solidus, legend across centre on both sides - AV Semissis, obv. legend across centre, rev. modified cross, undated - AV Semissis, similar, with AH date
Extremely rare
152 153
152 - AV Tremissis, similar, undated - AV Tremissis, similar, with AH date
$2500 Extremely rare
154
- AV Solidus, bilingual type
148
149 150
154
$12,000
UMAYYAD The currency reform which took place in the years 77-78h during the reign of the caliph ‘Abd alMalik introduced standard types for gold and silver coins. Umayyad post-reform gold dinars are dated but (with a few rare exceptions – see below) do not bear the mintname; post-reform silver coins have both a mintname and a date. All post-reform gold and silver coins are anonymous. Soon after the currency reform, post-reform copper coinage gradually began to replace the existing Arab-Byzantine and Arab-Sasanian copper coins. The designs of post-reform copper fulus vary widely according to the mint of issue; many issues bear the name of a local governor or other official, and a few types have pictorial images. During the last few years of the Umayyad caliphate (127-132h) and at the beginning of the Abbasid caliphate, silver and copper coins were issued by various commanders and officials who were in rebellion against the Umayyad caliphs. The silver dirhams are of standard type and are almost always anonymous, while the copper fulus usually bear the name of the issuer. Walker, J., A Catalogue of the Arab-Byzantine and Post-Reform Umayyad Coins in the British Museum, London, 1956 Nicol, N.D., Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean, Volume 2: Early Post-Reform Coinage, Oxford, 2009
UMAYYAD GOLD
155 156 157 158 159 160
155 Anonymous, AV Dinar, no mintname, 77h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 78h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 79h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 80h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 81h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 82h
161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169
- AV Dinar, no mintname, 83h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 84h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 85h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 86h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 87h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 88h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 89h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 90h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 91h
161
VF $250,000 $750 $600 $600 $600 $600
$600 $600 $1000 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600
UMAYYAD 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177
- AV ½-Dinar, 91h - AV 1/3-Dinar, 91h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 92h - AV ½-Dinar, 92h - AV 1/3-Dinar, 92h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 93h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 94h - AV ½-Dinar, 94h
178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188
- AV 1/3-Dinar, 94h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 95h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 96h - AV ½-Dinar, 96h - AV 1/3-Dinar, 96h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 97h - AV 1/3-Dinar, 97h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 98h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 99h - AV ½-Dinar, 99h - AV 1/3-Dinar, 99h
189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206
189 - AV Dinar, no mintname, 100h - AV ½-Dinar, 100h - AV 1/3-Dinar, 100h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 101h - AV ½-Dinar, 101h - AV 1/3-Dinar, 101h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 102h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 103h - AV 1/3-Dinar, 103h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 104h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 105h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 106h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 107h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 108h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 109h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 110h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 111h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 112h
23 VF $1200 $800 $600 $1200 $800 $600 $600 $1500
178
$800 $600 $600 $1500 $500 $600 $3000 $600 $600 $3000 $500
201
$600 $1200 $400 $800 $10,000 $800 $800 $800 $1200 $800 $4000 $600 $15,000 $800 $800 $800 $600 $800
24
UMAYYAD VF $800 $600 $800 $1000 $800 $800 $1000 $800 $800 $800 $800 $800 $800 $800 $20,000 $800 $1500 $1500 $600
207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225
- AV Dinar, no mintname, 113h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 114h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 115h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 116h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 117h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 118h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 119h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 120h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 121h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 122h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 123h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 124h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 125h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 126h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 127h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 128h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 129h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 130h - AV Dinar, no mintname, 131h
226 227
226 - AV Dinar, no mintname, 132h - AV Dinar, Ifriqiya mint
227
228 229 230 231
228 - AV Dinar, al-Andalus mint - AV ½-Dinar, al-Andalus mint - AV 1/3-Dinar, al-Andalus mint - AV Dinar, Ma‘dan Amir al-Mu’minin mint
231
232
232 - AV Dinar, Ma‘dan Amir al-Mu’minin b’il-Hejaz mint
$12,000 $15,000
$15,000 $15,000 $12,000 Extremely rare
Extremely rare
UMAYYAD
25
UMAYYAD SILVER Klat, M.G., Catalogue of the Post-Reform Dirhams, London, 2002 233 234 235 236
Anonymous, AR Dirham, Abarshahr mint - AR Dirham, Abarqubadh - AR Dirham, Adharbayjan - AR Dirham, Ardashir Khurra
237
- AR Dirham, Arminiya
238 239 240
- AR Dirham, Istakhr - AR Dirham, Ifriqiya - AR Dirham, al-Andalus
241 242 243 244
241 - AR Dirham, al-Bab - AR Dirham, Bizamqubadh - AR Dirham, al-Basra - AR Dirham, Madinat Balkh al-Bayda
237
238
VF $250 $1000 $250 $75
$250
$75 $200 $800
$250 $1200 $75 $1200
26
UMAYYAD
245 246 247 248 249 250 251
- AR Dirham, Balkh - AR Dirham, Bahurasir - AR Dirham, Bihqubadh al-Asfal - AR Dirham, Bihqubadh al-Awsat - AR Dirham, Tawwaj - AR Dirham, Shaqq al-Taymara - AR Dirham, al-Taymara
252 253 254 255 256 257
- AR Dirham, al-Jazira - AR Dirham, al-Jisr - AR Dirham, Jisr Shad Hurmuz - AR Dirham, Junday Sabur - AR Dirham, Janza - AR Dirham, Jur
258 259 260 261
- AR Dirham, Jayy - AR Dirham, Harran - AR Dirham, Hulwan - AR Dirham, Dabil
245
252
258
VF $150 $8000 $2500 $4000 $8000 $400 $75
$125 $1500 $12,000 $125 $2000 $1200
$125 $1500 $2000 $1200
UMAYYAD
262 263 264 265
- AR Dirham, Darabjird - AR Dirham, Dard - AR Dirham, Dastawa - AR Dirham, Dasht Maysan
266 267
- AR Dirham, Dimashq - AR Dirham, Ramhurmuz
268 269 270 271 272 273 274
- AR Dirham, al-Rayy - AR Dirham, Sabur - AR Dirham, al-Samiya - AR Dirham, Sijistan - AR Dirham, Sarakhs - AR Dirham, Surraq - AR Dirham, al-Sus
275
- AR Dirham, Suq al-Ahwaz
262
266
268
275
27
VF $75 $5000 $150 $2500
$40 $125
$200 $50 $75 $250 $400 $200 $300
$100
28
UMAYYAD VF $1200 $300 $2000 $3000
276 277 278 279
- AR Dirham, Tabaristan - AR Dirham, al-Furat - AR Dirham, Fasa - AR Dirham, Fil
280
- AR Dirham, Qumis
281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296
- AR Dirham, Kirman - AR Dirham, al-Kufa - AR Dirham, Mah - AR Dirham, Mah al-Basra - AR Dirham, Mah al-Kufa - AR Dirham, Mahay - AR Dirham, al-Mubaraka - AR Dirham, Marw - AR Dirham, Mazinan - AR Dirham, Manadhir - AR Dirham, Mihrjanqudhaq - AR Dirham, Maysan - AR Dirham, Nahr Tira - AR Dirham, al-Niq - AR Dirham, Herat - AR Dirham, Hamadan
297 298
297 - AR Dirham, Wasit - AR Dirham, contemporary North African imitation of Wasit, star above reverse legend
280
281
$600
$75 $100 $600 $600 $5000 $125 $150 $75 $8000 $100 $6000 $400 $125 $8000 $125 $200
$25 $250
UMAYYAD
299
- AR Dirham, no mintname
299
29
VF Extremely rare
(other mints are known, all extremely rare)
UMAYYAD POST-REFORM COPPER 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313
al-Walid I (86-96h), Æ Fals Anonymous, Æ Fals, al-Urdunn - Æ Fals, Arminiya - Æ Fals, al-Iskandariya - Æ Fals, Isbahan - Æ Fals, Istakhr - Æ Fals, Anbulus - Æ Fals, al-Andalus - Æ Fals, Iliya - Æ Fals, al-Bab - Pb Fals, al-Bahrayn - Æ Fals, Barda‘a - Æ Fals, al-Basra - Æ Fals, Busra
314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325
- Æ Fals, Ba‘albak - Æ Fals, Balikh - Æ Fals, Bayt Jabrin - Æ Fals, Baysan - Æ Fals, Tanukh - Æ Fals, Jibrin - Æ Fals, Jurjan - Pb Fals, Jurjan - Æ Fals, Jerash - Æ Fals, Jayy - Æ Fals, Harran - Æ Fals, Halab
F $150 $100 $250 $250 $250 $125 $400 $100 $150 $250 $400 $600 $150 $150
314
$20 $40 $200 $150 $75 $150 $100 $250 $300 $250 $40 $25
30
UMAYYAD
326 327 328
- Æ Fals, Hims - Æ Fals, Dabil - Æ Fals, Dar‘at
329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342
329 - Æ Fals, Dimashq - Æ Fals, al-Ramla - Æ Fals, al-Ruha - Æ Fals, al-Rayy - Æ Fals, Zaranj - Æ Fals, Sabur - Æ Fals, Sarmin - Æ Fals, Saffuriya - Æ Fals, Tabariya - Æ Fals, Tanja - Æ Fals, ‘Asqalan - Æ Fals, ‘Akka - Æ Fals, ‘Amman - Æ Fals, Ghazza
343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355
343 - Æ Fals, al-Fustat - Æ Fals, Filastin - Æ Fals, Qinnasrin - Æ Fals, al-Kufa - Æ Fals, Ludd - Æ Fals, Ma‘arat Misrin - Æ Fals, al-Madina Ma‘dan Amir al-Mu’minin - Æ Fals, Misr - Æ Fals, Manbij - Æ Fals, al-Mawsil - Æ Fals, Nasibin - Æ Fals, Wasit - Æ Fals, Yubna
F $25 $500 $150
337
345
$25 $60 $125 $250 $200 $150 $100 $400 $80 $600 $300 $150 $75 $500
$125 $125 $20 $275 $150 $150 $1500 $80 $150 $60 $300 $80 $500
UMAYYAD
356 357
- Æ Fals, no mint - Pb Fals, no mint
356
31
F
$15 $150
(other mints are known, all extremely rare)
REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD Wurtzel, C., ‘The Coinage of the Revolutionaries in the Late Umayyad Period’, ANS Museum Notes 23, New York, 1978 358 359 360 361
Anonymous, AR Dirham, Istakhr mint - AR Dirham, Balkh - AR Dirham, Tanbarak - AR Dirham, al-Taymara
362 363 364 365
- AR Dirham, Jayy - AR Dirham, Darabjird - AR Dirham, Ramhurmuz - AR Dirham, al-Rayy
366
- AR Dirham, Gharshistan
362
366
VF $1500 $3000 $15,000 $800
$500 $6000 $1000 $1500
Extremely rare
32
UMAYYAD
367
367 368
- AR Dirham, al-Kufa - AR Dirham, Mahay
369
- AR Dirham, Marw
370
Abu Muslim, Æ Fals
371 372 373
371 al-Dahhak b. Qays (fl.128-130h), Æ Fals Imran b. Isma‘il (fl.136h), Æ Fals Sulayman b. ‘Abd Allah, governor of Sijistan (138-140h), Æ Fals
369
VF $400 $800
$500 F $150
$250 $300 $300
ABBASID The earliest Abbasid coinage was similar to Umayyad coinage in that there were standard anonymous types for gold and silver coins. However, over the course of the first Abbasid period (132-218h) the variety of the coinage increased. From the reign of al-Mahdi (158-169h) onwards, the caliph’s name normally appeared on silver dirhams, and it gradually became more common for the names of provincial governors or other officials to appear on both gold and silver coins. Starting with the reign of al-Mu‘tasim (218-227h) the Abbasid coinage became much more standardized: all gold and silver coins bore the name of the caliph and no other names appeared except those of the caliphal heir and (occasionally) the caliphal vizier. The types of Abbasid copper fulus vary greatly according to the mint of issue; most Abbasid copper coins do not bear the name of the caliph. The Abbasid caliphate was conquered by the Buwayhids in 334h; for the next two hundred years the caliphs were under the control of whichever dynasty controlled their capital of Madinat al-Salam (Baghdad) and exercised little temporal power, but the name of the caliph was retained on the majority of Islamic coins struck during this period. Only in the last hundred years of the caliphate were the caliphs able to regain real power and resume regular coinage, before their final overthrow by the Mongols in 656h. Bernardi, G., Arabic Gold Coins Corpus I, Trieste, 2010 Tiesenhausen, V., Monnaies des Khalifes Orientaux, St Petersburg, 1873 (available to view online) Shams Eshragh, A., Silver Coinage of the Caliphs, London, 2010 Nicol, N.D., Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean, Volume 3: Early ‘Abbasid Precious Metal Coinage (to 218 AH), Oxford, 2012 Nicol, N.D., Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean, Volume 4: Later ‘Abbasid Precious Metal Coinage (from 219 AH), Oxford, 2012 Shamma, S., A Catalogue of ‘Abbasid Copper Coins, London, 1998
374
374 al-Saffah (132-136h), AV Dinar, no mint
375
375 - AR Dirham, (common mints: al-Basra, al-Kufa)
VF $400
$40
34
376
377
378
ABBASID
376 al-Mansur (136-158h), AV Dinar, no mint
377 - AR Dirham, (common mints: al-Basra, al-Rayy, al-Kufa, al-Muhammadiya, Madinat al-Salam)
378 al-Mahdi (158-169h), AV Dinar, no mint
380
379 - AR Dirham, (common mints: Jayy, al-Muhammadiya, Madinat al-Salam) al-Hadi (169-170h), AV Dinar, no mint
381
- AR Dirham
379
381
VF $250
$40
$250
$40 $300
$125
ABBASID
382 383
382 al-Rashid (170-193h), AV Dinar, no mint - AV Dinar, no mint, caliph’s name in reverse field
385
384 - AR Dirham (common mints: Balkh, Zaranj, Ma‘dan al-Shash, al-Muhammadiya, Madinat al-Salam) Zubayda, wife of al-Rashid, AR Dirham
386
al-Amin (193-198h), AV Dinar
387 388
387 - AR Dirham (common mint: Madinat al-Salam) - AR Dirham, with the name of the heir al-Natiq Musa
389
al-Ma’mun (194-218h), AV Dinar
384
386
389
35
VF $300 $8000
$40 Extremely rare
$300
$40 Extremely rare
$300
36
390
ABBASID
390 - AR Dirham (common mints: Isbahan, Samarqand, al-Muhammadiya, Madinat al-Salam)
391 392 393
391 - AR Dirham, with the name of the heir al-Rida - AR ½-Dirham - AR ¼-Dirham
394 395 396
394 Abu’l-Saraya al-Shaybani, rebel (199h), AR Dirham temp. Ibrahim (202-203h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
397
397 al-Mu‘tasim (218-227h), AV Dinar (common mint: Misr)
1
Stephen Album Rare Coins, Auction 16, 17-18 May 2013, lot 159
VF $40
$600 $800 $1200
$1200 Extremely rare1 $600
$500
ABBASID
37
398
398 - AR Dirham (common mint: Madinat al-Salam)
VF $125
399
399 al-Wathiq (227-232h), AV Dinar (common mint: Misr)
$500
400
400 - AR Dirham (common mint: Madinat al-Salam)
$150
401 402 403
401 al-Mutawakkil (232-247h), AV Dinar (common mint: Misr) - AV Dinar, donative type with broad outer margin - AV Dinar, donative type struck on small thick flan
404
404 - AR Dirham (common mints: Surra man Ra’a, Madinat al-Salam)
$400 $8000 $1200
$150
38
405 406 407 408
ABBASID
VF $1200 $500 Extremely rare $15,000
405 - AR Dirham, donative type with broad outer margin - AR Dirham, donative type struck on small thick flan - AR ½-Dirham, donative type al-Muntasir (247-248h), AV Dinar
409 410
409 - AR Dirham al-Musta‘in (248-251h), AV Dinar (common mints: Samarqand, al-Shash, Misr)
411
- AR Dirham
412
412 413 al-Mu‘tazz (251-255h), AV Dinar (common mints: Surra man Ra’a, al-Shash, Misr) - AR Dirham (common mints: Isbahan, Surra man Ra’a, Samarqand, Fars) al-Muhtadi (255-256h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
413 414 415
410
411
$800 $500
$150
$500 $150 $3000 $400
ABBASID
416 417
416 417 al-Mu‘tamid (256-279h), AV Dinar (common mints: Samarqand, Misr) - AR Dirham (common mints: Surra man Ra’a, Fars, Madinat al-Salam)
418 419
418 - AR Dirham, donative type, in the name of al-Muwaffaq - AR Sudaysi
420 421
420 al-Mu‘tadid (279-289h), AV Dinar (common mint: San‘a) - AV ¼-Dinar, donative type
422
422 - AR Dirham (common mints: Surra man Ra’a, Madinat al-Salam, Wasit)
39
VF $500 $60
Extremely rare Extremely rare
$400 $3000
$40
40
ABBASID
VF $1500 $1200
423
423 424
- AR Dirham, donative type - AR ½-Dirham, donative type
425
425 426 al-Muktafi (289-295h), AV Dinar (common mint: Misr)
426
- AR Dirham (common mints: Surra man Ra’a, Madinat al-Salam, Wasit)
$400 $40
427
427 al-Muqtadir (295-320h), AV Dinar (common mints: al-Ahwaz, Tustar min al-Ahwaz, Suq al-Ahwaz, Madinat al-Salam, Misr)
428 429 430
428 - AV Dinar, donative type with broad outer margin - AV Amiri Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar, donative type
429
$300
$8000 $300 $4000
ABBASID
431
431 - AR Dirham (common mints: Surra man Ra’a, Madinat al-Salam, Wasit)
41
VF $40
432
432 - AR Dirham, donative type with broad outer margin
$1000
433 434
433 - AR Dirham, donative type, no mintname, dated - AR Dirham, donative type, ornamental designs
$4000 $4000
435
435 - AR Dirham, donative type, hare on both sides
$8000
436
436 - AR Dirham, donative type, bull and horseman
Extremely rare
42
ABBASID
437
437 al-Qahir (320-322h), AV Dinar (common mint: al-Ahwaz)
438 439
438 - AV Dinar, donative type with broad outer margin - AV Amiri Dinar
440
440 - AR Dirham (common mint: Madinat al-Salam)
441
442
VF $300
439
441 al-Radi (322-329h), AV Dinar (common mints: al-Ahwaz, Tustar min al-Ahwaz, Suq al-Ahwaz, Misr)
442 - AV Dinar, donative type, no mintname, dated
Extremely rare $600
$40
$300
$12,000
ABBASID
443
443
- AV Amiri Dinar
444
444 - AR Dirham (common mints: Surra man Ra’a, Madinat al-Salam, Wasit) - AR Dirham, donative type with broad outer margin
445
446 447 448 449
450
43
446 - AR Dirham, donative type, no mintname, dated - AR 1/3-Dirham, donative type - AR Sudaysi al-Muttaqi (329-333h), AV Dinar (common mint: Madinat al-Salam)
450 - AV Dinar, donative type with broad outer margin
VF $400
$40 $1500
449
$1200 $3000 $150 $400
Extremely rare
44
ABBASID
451
451
- AV Amiri Dinar
452
452 - AR Dirham (common mints: al-Basra, Madinat al-Salam)
453 454
- AR Dirham, donative type - AR Sudaysi
455
al-Mustakfi (333-334h), AV Dinar
456
- AV Amiri Dinar
453
455
456
VF $1000
$40
Extremely rare Extremely rare
$3000
$500
ABBASID
457 458
457 - AR Dirham (common mint: Madinat al-Salam) al-Muti‘ (334-363h), AV Dinar (Arabian mints only)
459
- AV Amiri Dinar
460 461 462
460 - AR Dirham, donative type, bull and horseman - AR Dirham, donative type, legends only - AR Sudaysi
463 464 465 466 467 468
463 al-Muqtadi (467-487h), AV Dinar al-Mustazhir (487-512h), AV Dinar al-Mustarshid (512-529h), AV Dinar al-Muqtafi (530-555h), AV Dinar al-Mustanjid (555-566h), AV Dinar al-Mustadi (566-575h), AV Dinar
45
VF $200 $2500
459
$800
462
Extremely rare Extremely rare $50
$3000 $2500 Extremely rare $2500 $1200 $1000
46
ABBASID
469
469
al-Nasir (575-622h), AV Dinar (common mint: Madinat al-Salam)
470
al-Zahir (622-623h), AV Dinar
471 472 473
471 al-Mustansir (623-640h), AV Dinar (common mint: Madinat al-Salam) - AR Dirham (common mint: Madinat al-Salam) - AR ½-Dirham
474
474 al-Musta‘sim (640-656h), AV Dinar
VF $400
470
$1000
472
$600 $250 $150
$500
ABBASID
475
475 - AR Dirham (common mint: Madinat al-Salam)
476 477 478
476 - AR ½-Dirham - AR 1/3-Dirham - AR ¼-Dirham
47
VF $250
477
ABBASID COPPER 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488
Æ Fals, Arran mint Æ Fals, Arrajan Æ Fals, Ardashir Khurra Æ Fals, Arminiya Æ Fals, Istakhr Æ Fals, Ifriqiya Æ Fals, Amul Æ Fals, Bukhara Æ Fals, Barda‘a Æ Fals, al-Basra
489 490 491 492 493 494
Æ Fals, Balad Æ Fals, Balkh Æ Fals, Tawwaj Æ Fals, Jabal al-Fidda Æ Fals, Jubayl Æ Fals, Jurjan
489
$150 $750 $500
F $200 $250 $50 $300 $30 $200 $500 $60 $250 $150
$100 $75 $250 $500 $400 $60
48
ABBASID
495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525
495 Æ Fals, al-Jazira Æ Fals, Jiruft Æ Fals, Halab Æ Fals, Hims Æ Fals, Dabil Æ Fals, Dimashq Æ Fals, Ra’s al-‘Ayn Æ Fals, al-Rafiqa Æ Fals, al-Raqqa Æ Fals, Ramhurmuz Æ Fals, al-Ramla Æ Fals, al-Rayy Æ Fals, Zaranj Æ Fals, Sabur Æ Fals, Sijistan Æ Fals, Samarqand Æ Fals, Sinjar Æ Fals, Suq al-Ahwaz Æ Fals, al-Shash Æ Fals, Shiraz Æ Fals, Sur Æ Fals, Tabaristan Æ Fals, Trablus Æ Fals, Tarsus (cast) Æ Fals, al-‘Abbasiya Æ Fals, ‘Irqa Æ Fals, ‘Akka Æ Fals, Ghazza Æ Fals, Fars Æ Fals, Fasa Æ Fals, al-Quds
526 527 528 529
526 Æ Fals, Qinnasrin Æ Fals, Qaysariya Æ Fals, Kafr Tutha Æ Fals, Kurat al-Mahdiya min Fars
500
F $30 $200 $75 $60 $400 $80 $150 $40 $150 $300 $150 $150 $150 $50 $150 $100 $250 $150 $60 $125 $150 $200 $200 $80 $200 $150 $150 $200 $200 $100 $300
$125 $500 $200 $80
ABBASID 530 531 532
Æ Fals, al-Kufa Æ Fals, Ludd Æ Fals, Mah al-Kufa
533
Æ Fals, al-Muhammadiya
534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545
Æ Fals, Madinat al-Salam Æ Fals, Marw Æ Fals, Misr Æ Fals, al-Masisa Æ Fals, al-Mawsil Æ Fals, Nasibin Æ Fals, Nishapur Æ Fals, Nihavand Æ Fals, Herat Æ Fals, Hamadan Æ Fals, Wasit Æ Fals, no mint
(other mints are known, all extremely rare)
49 F $25 $300 $300
533
534
$125
$40 $150 $80 $75 $50 $80 $250 $300 $150 $150 $150 $50
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA In 138h ‘Abd al-Rahman, an Umayyad prince who had managed to escape from Damascus after the Abbasid revolution in 132h, arrived in Spain and founded the emirate (later caliphate) which would last for nearly three centuries. After the collapse of the caliphate in the early 5th century AH, Spain was divided into various local principalities. Abbasid control did extend briefly into part of the Maghreb (modern Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia), but local dynasties, initially the Idrisids and Aghlabids, soon began to assert their independence. In the late 5th century AH the Almoravids succeeded in gaining control over the Maghreb and most of Muslim Spain, but their rule did not last long; after their fall power once again devolved to various local rulers. Most of Spain was soon reconquered by the Christian kingdoms, leaving only the Nasrid kingdom in the far south, which would endure until 897h. In the Maghreb the Almoravids were succeeded by the Almohads, who were in turn succeeded by the Hafsids, Ziyanids and Merinids. The 10th century AH saw the conquest of the eastern part of the Maghreb by the Ottomans and the establishment of the Sa’dian kingdom of Morocco. Miles, G.C., Coins of the Spanish Muluk al-Tawa’if, New York, 1954 Vives y Escudero, A., Monedas de las Dinastias Arabigo-Españolas, Madrid, 1893 Hazard, H.W., The Numismatic History of Late Medieval North Africa, ANS Numismatic Studies No. 8, New York, 1952
UMAYYAD OF SPAIN Miles, G.C., The Coinage of the Umayyads of Spain, 2 vols., New York, 1950
546
546 temp. ‘Abd al-Rahman I (138-172h), AR Dirham
VF $125
547
547 temp. Hisham I (172-180h), AR Dirham
$150
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
51
548
548 temp. al-Hakam I (180-206h), AR Dirham
VF $100
549
549 temp. ‘Abd al-Rahman II (206-238h), AR Dirham
$100
550 551 552 553
550 temp. Muhammad I (238-273h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals al-Mundhir (273-275h), AR Dirham ‘Abd Allah (275-300h), AR Dirham
554 555
554 ‘Abd al-Rahman III (300-350h), AV Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar
$100 $250 Extremely rare Extremely rare
$2500 $800
52
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
556
VF $60
556
- AR Dirham
557
557 al-Hakam II (350-366h), AV Dinar
$1500
558 559
558 - AR Dirham Hisham II, 1st reign (366-399h), AV Dinar
$50 $1500
560 561 562
560 - AR Dirham Muhammad II (399-400h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
563
563 Sulayman, 1st reign (400h), AV Dinar
562
$50 $2500 $150
$2500
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
564
564
- AR Dirham
565
565 Hisham II, 2nd reign (400-403h), AV Dinar
566
- AR Dirham
567 568 569 570 571 572 573
567 Sulayman, 2nd reign (403-407h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham ‘Abd al-Rahman V (414h), AR Dirham Muhammad III (414-416h), AV Dinar Hisham III (418-422h), AV Dinar - AV fractional Dinar Anonymous, Æ Fals, undated
566
53
VF $150
$2000
$125
$4000 $250 Extremely rare Extremely rare Extremely rare Extremely rare $250
54
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
HAMMUDID OF MALAGA
VF Extremely rare
574
al-Nasir ‘Ali (400-408h), AV Dinar
575 576
575 - AR Dirham al-Ma’mun al-Qasim (408-414h), AV Dinar
577
- AR Dirham
578
578 al-Mu‘tali Yahya (412-427h), AV Dinar
$5000
579 580
579 - AR Dirham al-‘Ali Idris II (434-446h), AR Dirham
$250 $300
581
581 al-Mahdi Muhammad I (438-446h), BI Dirham
$200
577
$300 $5000
$250
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
55
HAMMUDID OF WADI LAU
582
Hasan (fl.441h), BI Dirham
582
VF $400
‘ABBADID 583 584
al-Mu‘tadid ‘Abbad (433-461h), AV Dinar - AV fractional Dinar
585
- AR Dirham
586 587 588
586 al-Mu‘tamid Muhammad (461-484h), AV Dinar - AV fractional Dinar - AR Dirham
585
$1500 $400
$300
$2500 $500 $500
ZIRID OF GRANADA 589 590 591
temp. Badis b. Habbus (c.429-465h), AV fractional Dinar - AR Dirham al-Mu‘izz Tamim b. Buluggin (459-483h), AV Dinar
$300 $300 Extremely rare
‘AMIRID OF VALENCIA 592 593 594
‘Abd al-‘Aziz al-Mansur (412-452h), AV fractional Dinar - AR Dirham ‘Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar (452-457h), AR Dirham
$150 $300 $400
56
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
KINGS OF MALLORCA
595 596
595 ‘Abd Allah al-Murtada (468-486h), AR Dirham Nasir al-dawla Mubashir (486-508h), BI Dirham
VF $1200 $750
SLAVE KINGDOM OF DENIA 597
Mujahid (c.404-436h), AV fractional Dinar
598
- AR Dirham
599
599 Iqbal al-dawla ‘Ali (436-468h), AR Dirham
598
$1500
$600
$400
HUDID OF DENIA 600 601
‘Imad al-dawla Mundhir (474-483h), BI Dirham Sayyid al-dawla Sulayman (483-492h), BI Dirham
$400 $400
HUDID OF ZARAGOZA 602 603
Taj al-dawla Sulayman (438-441h), AV fractional Dinar - AR Dirham
$500 $800
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
604 605
604 ‘Imad al-dawla Ahmad I (441-475h), BI Dirham al-Musta‘in Ahmad II (476-503h), BI Dirham
57
VF $300 $300
HUDID OF TUDELA 606
al-Zafir Mundhir (fl.438-442h), BI Dirham
$1200
KINGDOM OF TORTOSA
607
607 Muqatil (c.427-445h), AR Dirham
$750
DHU’L-NUNID OF TOLEDO 608 609
al-Zafir Isma‘il (c.423-435h), AV fractional Dinar Sharaf al-dawla Yahya I (435-467h), AV fractional Dinar
610
- AR Dirham
610
$400 $400
$800
SUMAYDIHID OF ALMERIA 611 612
Anonymous, AR Dirham al-Mu‘tasim Muhammad (443-484h), AR Dirham
$150 $500
58
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
AFTASID OF BADAJOZ 613 614
VF $400 $125
al-Mutawakkil ‘Umar (460-487h), AR Dirham - AR fractional Dirham
TAIFAS ALMORAVIDES 615
Anonymous, AV Dinar
$2500
KINGS OF CORDOBA 616
Hamdin b. Muhammad (c.539-540h), AV Dinar
$4000
617 618 619
617 618 - AR Qirat Ibn Wazir (c.540-542h), AR Qirat Anonymous, AV Dinar, in the name of the Banu Tashfin
$150 $250 $6000
KINGS OF MURCIA
620 621 622
620 Muhammad b. Sa‘d (542-567h), AV Dinar - BI Dirham - BI fractional Dirham
621
$2500 $1000 $150
KINGS OF MERTOLA & SILVES
623 624
623 Ahmad b. Qasi (fl.539-546h), AR Qirat Sidray b. Wazir (546-552h), AR Qirat
$1200 $1200
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
HUDID OF MURCIA 625 626 627
Muhammad b. Yusuf (621-635h), AR Dirham temp. Baha’ al-dawla (c.639-659h), AV ½-Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar
59 VF $300 $1500 $1000
AMIRS OF LORCA 628
temp. Ibn Asli (638-642h), BI square Dirham
$1000
ALGARVE
629
629 Musa b. Muhammad (631-660h), AR square Dirham
$400
NASRID
630 631 632 633
630 Muhammad I (630-672h), AR square Dirham Muhammad IV (724-734h), AV Dinar Yusuf I b. Isma‘il (734-755h), AV Dinar Muhammad V (755-761h), AV Dinar
$750 $3000 $2500 $3000
634 635
634 - AR square 2-Dirhams Muhammad VIII (819-821, 831-832h), AV Dinar
$1000 $4000
60
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
636
636 Muhammad IX b. Nasr (821-856h), AV Dinar
637 638
‘Ali b. Sa‘d (868-889h), AV Dinar - AR square ½-Dirham
639 640
639 Anonymous, AR square ½-Dirham - AR square ¼-Dirham
641
- Æ Fals
VF $3000
637
641
$3000 $150
640
$75 $75
$75
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
61
IDRISID Eustache, D., Corpus des Dirhams Idrisites et Contemporains, Rabat, 1970-1971
642
VF
642
Idris I (172-175h), AR Dirham
643 644
Idris II (175-213h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals
645 646
645 Muhammad b. Idris (213-221h), AR Dirham Yahya b. Idris (c.213-233h), AR Dirham
$150 $300
647 648
647 ‘Ali b. Muhammad (221-234h), AR Dirham ‘Isa b. Idris (225-233h), AR Dirham
$300 $300
649
649 Yahya I b. Muhammad (234-249h), AR Dirham
$300
643
$150
$125 $500
62
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
KHARIJITES
650
650 Khalaf b. al-Muda’ (fl.175-176h), AR Dirham
651
Anonymous, AR Dirham
651
VF $125
$300
IDRISID CONTEMPORARIES 652
Ibrahim (fl.177-179h), AR Dirham
$500
653
653 Ma‘zuz b. Talut (fl.223-224h), AR Dirham
$500
AGHLABID al-‘Ush, M.A., Monnaies Aglabides, Damascus, 1982
654
654 Ibrahim I (184-196h), AV Dinar (anonymous)
$5000
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
63
655 656 657
655 - AR Dirham - Æ Fals ‘Abd Allah I (196-201h), AV Dinar
VF $250 $100 $400
658 659 660
658 - AR Dirham Ziyadat Allah I (201-223h), AV Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar
$250 $400 $600
661
- AR Dirham
662 663 664 665 666
662 al-Aghlab (223-226h), AV Dinar - Æ Fals Muhammad I (226-242h), AV Dinar Ahmad (242-249h), AV Dinar Ziyadat Allah II (249-250h), AV Dinar
661
$200
665
$500 $150 $400 $400 $5000
64
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
667
667
- AR fractional Dirham
668 669
668 Muhammad II (250-261h), AV Dinar Ibrahim II (261-289h), AV Dinar
670 671
- AV ¼-Dinar - AR ½-Dirham
672 673
672 ‘Abd Allah II (289-290h), AV Dinar Ziyadat Allah III (290-296h), AV Dinar
VF Extremely rare
669
670
$400 $400
$300 $250
673
$1200 $1000
ANTI-AGHLABID REVOLT (195h) 674
Anonymous, AR Dirham
$500
SULAYMANID
675
675 Ibrahim b. Muhammad (fl.256-258h), AR Dirham
$1500
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
676 677
676 ‘Isa b. Ibrahim (fl.270-280h), AR Dirham Sulayman b. Muhammad (fl.276h), AR Dirham
65
VF
$1200 Extremely rare1
MIDRARID 678
Muhammad b. al-Fath (321-347h), AV Dinar
$600
KHAZRUNID 679 680
Wanudin (d. c.440h), AV Dinar Mas‘ud b. Wanudin (c.440-445h), AV Dinar
$700 $1000
ZIRID
681 682 683
681 temp. al-Mu‘izz b. Badis (406-454h), AV Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar - AR fractional Dirham
684
Anonymous, AV Dinar
$300 $300 $100
BANU HILAL
1
St James’s Auction 21, 19 April 2012, lot 990
$2000
66
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
BARGHAWATID OF SFAX
685
685 temp. Hammu b. Malil (451-493h), AV Dinar
VF Extremely rare
ALMORAVID
686
686 Abu Bakr b. ‘Umar (448-480h), AV Dinar
687 688 689
687 Yusuf b. Tashfin (480-500h), AV Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar - AR Qirat
690 691 692 693
690 ‘Ali b. Yusuf (500-537h), AV Dinar - BI Dirham - AR Qirat - AR ½-Qirat
$1000
689
692
$800 $250 $125
$800 $500 $30 $75
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
694 695 696
694 Tashfin b. ‘Ali (537-540h), AV Dinar - AR Qirat Ishaq b. ‘Ali (540-541h), AV Dinar
697 698
697 698 - AR Qirat Anonymous, AR Qirat, in the name of the Banu Tashfin
67
695
VF $1000 $80 $1200
$150 $250
RIYAHID 699
al-Rashid b. Rafi‘ (c.517-554h), AV Dinar
Extremely rare2
ALMOHAD
700 701 702
700 702 Abu Muhammad ‘Abd al-Mu’min (524-558h), AV ½-Dinar - AR Dirham - AR square ½-Dirham
$300 $60 $50
703
703 Abu Ya‘qub Yusuf I (558-580h), AV ½-Dinar
$300
2
Baldwin’s Islamic Coin Auction 5, 15 October 2002, lot 172
68
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
704
704 Abu Yusuf Ya‘qub (580-595h), AV Dinar
705 706 707 708 709 710
705 Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad (595-610h), AV Dinar Abu Ya‘qub Yusuf II (610-620h), AV Dinar Abu Zakariya Yahya (624-633h), AV Dinar Abu’l-‘Ula Idris I (624-629h), AV Dinar Abu Muhammad ‘Abd al-Wahid II (630-640h), AV Dinar Abu’l-Hasan ‘Ali (640-646h), AV Dinar
$800 $1500 $1500 $1500 $1500 $1500
711 712 713 714
711 Abu Hafs ‘Umar (646-665h), AV Dinar - AR square Dirham Abu’l-‘Ula Idris II (665-668h), AV Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar
$600 $150 $1000 $500
715 716
715 716 Anonymous, AR square Dirham, with mintname - AR square Dirham, no mint
VF $600
$50 $20
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
69
HAFSID
717
717 Abu Zakariya’ Yahya I (627-647h), AV Dinar
718 719
- AV ½-Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar
720
720 Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad I (647-675h), AV Dinar
721 722 723 724 725 726
721 - AV ½-Dinar - AV 1/8-Dinar Abu Zakariya’ Yahya II (675-678h), AV Dinar Abu Ishaq Ibrahim I (678-681h), AV Dinar Abu Hafs ‘Umar I (683-694h), AV Dinar Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad II (694-709h), AV Dinar
718
VF $1000
$300 $300
$800
$400 $150 Extremely rare $2500 $1000 $1200
70
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
727 728 729 730 731 732 733
727 Abu Yahya Abu Bakr II (710-747h), AV Dinar - AV ½-Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar Abu’l-‘Abbas al-Fadl (749-751h), AV Dinar Abu Ishaq Ibrahim II (751-770h), AV Dinar Abu’l-‘Abbas Ahmad II (755-758, 761-796h), AV Dinar Abu Faris ‘Abd al-‘Aziz II (796-837h), AV Dinar
734 735
734 - AV ½-Dinar Abu ‘Amr ‘Uthman (839-893h), AV Dinar
736
- AV ½-Dinar
737 738 739
737 Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad V (899-932h), AV ¼-Dinar Abu’l-‘Abbas Ahmad III (948-977h), AR square Dirham Anonymous, AR square Dirham
736
VF
$600 $400 $300 $1000 $1200 $800 $500
$250 $500
$400
$400 $150 $100
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
ZIYANID
71
740
Abu Hammu Musa I (707-718h), AV Dinar
VF $1500
741 742 743 744 745
741 Abu Tashufin ‘Abd al-Rahman I (718-737h), AV Dinar Abu Hammu Musa II (760-791h), AV Dinar Abu Ziyan Muhammad II (796-802h), AV Dinar Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad III (804-813h), AV Dinar Abu Malik ‘Abd al-Wahid (814-827, 831-833h), AV Dinar
$800 $1500 $1500 $1500 $1200
746
746 Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad IV (827-831, 833-834h), AV Dinar
$1000
747 748 749 750 751 752
747 - AV ½-Dinar Abu’l-‘Abbas Ahmad I (834-866h), AV Dinar Abu Hammu Musa III (932-934h), AV Dinar Abu Muhammad ‘Abd Allah II (934-947h), AV Dinar Abu ‘Abd Allah Muhammad VIII (947-950h), AV Dinar Abu’l-‘Abbas Ahmad III (949, 950-957h), AV Dinar
$600 $1500 $1500 $3000 $5000 $5000
72
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA
MERINID
753 754 755
753 temp. Abu Yahya Abu Bakr (642-656h), AV Dinar - AV ½-Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar
756 757
756 - AV 1/8-Dinar Abu Yusuf Ya‘qub (656-685h), AV Dinar
758 759 760 761 762
758 temp. Abu Ya‘qub Yusuf (685-706h), AV Dinar Abu Sa‘id ‘Uthman II (710-731h), AV Dinar - AV ½-Dinar temp. Abu’l-Hasan ‘Ali (731-752h), AV Dinar - AV ½-Dinar
763 764
763 Abu ‘Inan Faris (749-759h), AV Dinar Abu Ziyan Muhammad III (763-767h), AV Dinar
VF $600 $400 $200
$300 $1500
$800 $800 $500 $800 $300
$1000 $1200
IBERIA & NORTH AFRICA 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773
Abu Faris ‘Abd al-‘Aziz I (768-774h), AV Dinar Abu’l-‘Abbas Ahmad (775-786, 789-796h), AV Dinar Abu Zayd ‘Abd al-Rahman (776-784h), AV Dinar - AV ½-Dinar Abu Faris ‘Abd al-‘Aziz II (796-799h), AV Dinar - AV ½-Dinar Abu Sa‘id ‘Uthman III (800-823h), AV Dinar - AV ½-Dinar Anonymous, AR square Dirham
73 VF $1200 $1000 $1200 $600 $1000 $300 $600 $300 $100
WATTASID 774 775 776 777 778
Muhammad I al-Shaykh (876-910h), AR square ¼-Dirham Muhammad II al-Burtuqali (910-932h), AR square ¼-Dirham Abu’l-Hasan ‘Ali (932-961h), AR square Dirham Abu’l-‘Abbas Ahmad (932-952, 954-956h), AR square Dirham Nasir al-din Muhammad III (952-956h), AR square ¼-Dirham
$100 $100 $150 $150 $100
EGYPT & SYRIA Ahmad b. Tulun was an Abbasid governor of Egypt who was able to assert his independence from Baghdad and found the dynasty which bears his name. Tulunid control of Egypt was relatively short-lived, however, and Egypt was recaptured by the Abbasids in 292h. Forty years later, the fall of the caliphate meant that power in Egypt passed to the last Abbasid governor, Muhammad al-Ikhshid. His dynasty was also short-lived and in 358h Egypt fell to the Fatimids, a dynasty originally founded over fifty years earlier in what is now Tunisia. The Fatimids were the first of the three great dynasties who would rule Egypt and much of Syria and the Levant for the next 550 years. During the early period of Fatimid rule in Egypt various minor dynasties ruled parts of Syria, but they gradually disappeared as Fatimid influence increased. The Fatimids were succeeded by the Ayyubids, who were in turn succeeded by the Mamluks. Mamluk rule came to an end with their defeat by the Ottomans in 922h.
TULUNID Grabar, O., The Coinage of the Tulunids, ANS Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 139, New York, 1957
779 780
779 Ahmad b. Tulun (254-270h), AV Dinar (common mint: Misr) - Æ Fals, cast
781
- Æ Fals, anonymous, struck
782 783
1
781
782 Khumarawayh b. Ahmad (270-282h), AV Dinar (common mint: Misr) - AV Dinar, donative type, small flan
Baldwin’s Islamic Coin Auction 24, 9 May 2013, lot 4559
VF $500 $300
$250
$400 Extremely rare1
784 785
786 787 788
egypt & syria
75
784 - AR Dirham Jaysh b. Khumarawayh (282-283h), AV Dinar
VF $400 $4000
786 Harun b. Khumarawayh (283-292h), AV Dinar (common mint: Misr) - AR Dirham Ibrahim b. Khumarawayh (292h), AR Dirham
$400 $500 Extremely rare2
AMIRS OF CRETE Miles, G.C., The Coinage of the Arab Amirs of Crete, ANS Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 160, New York, 1970
789
789 Shu‘ayb b. ‘Umar (fl.270-281h), AV Dinar
790 791
790 - Æ Fals Muhammad b. Shu‘ayb (c.300h), Æ Fals
2
Baldwin’s Islamic Coin Auction 21, 17 July 2012, lot 367
$20,000
$400 $500
76
egypt & syria
IKHSHIDID Bacharach, J.L., Islamic History through Coins: An Analysis and Catalogue of Tenth-Century Ikhshidid Coinage, Cairo, 2006
792
792 Muhammad al-Ikhshid (323-334h), AV Dinar
793
- AR Dirham
794 795
794 Abu’l-Qasim b. al-Ikhshid (334-349h), AV Dinar (common mints: Filastin, Misr) - AR Dirham
796 797 798
796 ‘Ali b. al-Ikhshid (349-355h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham Kafur (355-357h), AV Dinar
793
VF $500
$300
$300 $300
$400 $150 $500
egypt & syria
799 800
799 Ahmad b. ‘Ali (357-358h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
77
VF $800 $400
QARMATID Vardanyan, A., ‘From Sectarians to Politicians: Twelve Years of Qarmatid Military Activity in Syria, Palestine and West Arabia (357-368 / 967-978)’, Revue Numismatique, 2011 801 802
Anonymous, AV Dinar, in the name of the Chief Sayyids - AR Dirham
803 804
803 al-Hasan b. Ahmad (fl.361-364h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
805 806
805 Abu Mansur al-Mu‘izzi (fl.364-367), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
$12,000 $1200
$8000 $1200
$10,000 $600
FATIMID Nicol, N.D., A Corpus of Fatimid Coins, Trieste, 2006
807
al-Mahdi (297-322h), AV Dinar
807
$1200
78
egypt & syria
808 809 810
- AV ¼-Dinar - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham
808
811 812 813
al-Qa’im (322-334h), AV Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar - AR ½-Dirham
814
814 Abu Yazid Makhlad, rebel (333-334h), AV Dinar
815 816 817 818
815 al-Mansur (334-341h), AV Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar - AV 1/8-Dinar - AR ½-Dirham
819
819 al-Mu‘izz (341-365h), AV Dinar (common mints: Misr, al-Mansuriya)
VF $400 $1000 $500
809
811
$1200 $800 $300
$5000
816
$1500 $800 $800 Extremely rare
$250
egypt & syria
820 821
820 - AV Dinar, no mintname (struck at Sijilmasa) - AV ¼-Dinar
822
- AR Dirham
823 824 825
823 - AR ½-Dirham - AR ¼-Dirham - AR 1/8-Dirham
826 827 828
826 al-‘Aziz (365-386h), AV Dinar (common mint: Misr) - AV ¼-Dinar - AR Dirham
829 830
- AR ½-Dirham - AR 1/8-Dirham
79
VF $500 $250
822
$500
825
829
827
$150 $125 $150
$300 $400 $400
$250 $250
80
egypt & syria
831 832
831 al-Hakim (386-411h), AV Dinar (common mint: Misr) - AV ¼-Dinar
833 834
- AR ½-Dirham - AR fractional Dirham
835 836
835 al-Zahir (411-427h), AV Dinar (common mint: Misr) - AV ¼-Dinar (common mint: Siqilliya)
837
837 al-Mustansir (427-487h), AV Dinar (common mints: al-Iskandariya, Sur, Trablus, Misr)
838 839 840 841
838 - AV ¼-Dinar - AV 1/8-Dinar - AR Dirham - BI Dirham Aswad
VF $300 $250
833
$150 $60
839
836
$300 $200
$250
$250 $300 $150 $150
egypt & syria
842
842 temp. al-Basasiri (450-451h), AV Dinar, in the name of al-Mustansir
843 844 845
al-Musta‘li (487-495h), AV Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar - BI Dirham Aswad
843
847 848 849
846 al-Amir (495-524h), AV Dinar (common mints: al-Iskandariya, Misr) - AV ¼-Dinar - AR Dirham Interregnum (524-526h), AV Dinar, in the name of al-Muntazar
850
al-Hafiz (526-544h), AV Dinar
851
al-Zafir (544-549h), AV Dinar
846
850
851
81
VF $7500
$1000 $500 $100
$300 $400 Extremely rare $6000
$600
$1500
82
egypt & syria
852
al-Fa’iz (549-555h), AV Dinar
853
- AV ¼-Dinar
854
al-‘Adid (555-567h), AV Dinar
852
853
854
VF $1200
$1000
$1000
HAMDANID 855
856
857 858
Nasir al-dawla & Sayf al-dawla (332-356h), AV Dinar
856 - AR Dirham (coins citing Nasir al-dawla & Sayf al-dawla dated 330h and 331h are considered to be Abbasid issues and are included in the listings for the caliph al-Muttaqi) Nasir al-dawla (356-358h), AR Dirham ‘Uddat al-dawla Abu Taghlib (358-369h), AR Dirham
$2500
$150
$400 $250
egypt & syria
ANTI-HAMDANID REVOLT 859
Anonymous, AR Dirham, in the name of the caliph al-Muti‘
83 VF $300
‘UQAYLID
860
860 Muhammad b. al-Musayyib (c.380-385h), AR Dirham
$250
861 862 863 864
861 Janah al-dawla ‘Ali (385-390h), AR Dirham Husam al-dawla al-Muqallad (385-391h), AR Dirham Sinan al-dawla al-Hasan (390-393h), AR Dirham Nur al-dawla Abu Mus‘ab (393-396h), AR Dirham
$250 $150 $250 $300
865 866
865 Mu‘tamid al-dawla Abu’l-Muni‘ (391-442h), AR Dirham Abu’l-Fadl (fl.405-409h), AR Dirham
$150 $150
867
867 Mu‘tamid al-dawla & Abu’l-Fadl (c.410-411h), AR Dirham
$125
84
egypt & syria
868
Muzahir al-dawla (fl.399-424h), AR Dirham
869 870
869 Kamal al-dawla Gharib (401-425h), AR Dirham Najdat al-dawla (fl.405h), AR Dirham
VF $300
$300 Extremely rare3
MARWANID 871
al-Hasan b. Marwan (380-387h), AR Dirham
$250
872
872 Sa‘id b. Marwan (387-401h), AR Dirham
$200
873
873 Nasr al-dawla Abu Nasr (401-453h), AR Dirham
$150
MIRDASID
874
3
874 Asad al-dawla Salih (414-420h), AV Dinar
Stephen Album Rare Coins, Auction 9, 11 December 2010, lot 50
$7500
egypt & syria
875 876
875 Shibl al-dawla Nasr I (420-429h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
85
VF $4000 $100
NUMAYRID 877
Sani‘at al-dawla Shabib (410-431h), BI Dirham
$500
SELJUQ OF SYRIA 878 879
Ridwan b. Tutush (488-507h), BI Dirham Anonymous, Æ Fals
$250 $75
BURID 880 881
Tughtekin (497-522h), BI Dirham - Æ Dirham
882 883 884 885 886
882 Taj al-Muluk Buri (522-526h), Æ Qirtas Shihab al-din Mahmud (529-533h), AV Dinar Abaq (534-549h), AV Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar - BI Dirham
$500 $800
$500 $10,000 $10,000 $750 $150
86
egypt & syria
SICILY
887
887 Muhammad b. ‘Abbad (616-619h), BI Dirham
VF $250
AYYUBID Balog, P., The Coinage of the Ayyubids, London, 1980
888
888 al-Nasir Salah al-din Yusuf, ‘Saladin’ (567-589h), AV Dinar, in the name of Mahmud b. Zengi
889
889 - AV Dinar, citing caliph al-Mustadi
890
- AV Dinar, citing caliph al-Nasir
890
$2000
$800
$500
egypt & syria
891 892 893 894 895
891 - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - AR ¼-Dirham - BI Dirham Aswad - Æ Dirham, non-pictorial
896 897
- Æ Dirham, obv. lion - Æ Dirham, obv. seated figure
898
- Æ Fals
899 900 901 902 903
899 al-‘Aziz ‘Uthman (589-595h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - BI Dirham Aswad - Æ Fals
87
892
896
898
VF $75 $50 $150 $75 $250
$300 $250
$40
$400 $125 $80 $75 $25
88
egypt & syria
904 905
904 al-Mansur Muhammad (595-596h), AV Dinar al-‘Adil Abu Bakr I (596-615h), AV Dinar
906 907 908 909
- AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - Æ Dirham, obv. facing bust - Æ Fals
910
910 al-Kamil Muhammad I (615-635h), AV Dinar
911 912 913 914
911 - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - BI Dirham Aswad - Æ Fals
VF $600 $300
906
$40 $50 $150 $25
$250
914
$30 $50 $60 $40
egypt & syria
915
915 al-‘Adil Abu Bakr II (635-637h), AV Dinar
916 917
- AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham
918 919 920 921 922 923 924
918 al-Salih Ayyub (637-647h), AV Dinar - AV ½-Dinar - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - Æ Fals al-Mu‘azzam Turanshah IV (647-648h), AR Dirham al-Ashraf Musa (648-652h), AV Dinar
89
VF
$500
916
$60 $50
919
$500 $400 $80 $60 $40 $250 $1500
AYYUBID OF ALEPPO
925 926
925 al-Zahir Ghazi (582-613h), AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham
926
$40 $40
90
egypt & syria
927
927
- Æ Fals
928 929 930
928 al-‘Aziz Muhammad (613-634h), AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - Æ Fals
931 932 933
931 al-Nasir Yusuf II (634-658h), AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - Æ Fals
VF $30
$100 $75 $30
$30 $40 $30
AYYUBID OF DAMASCUS 934 935 936
al-Afdal ‘Ali (589-592h), AR Dirham al-Salih Isma‘il (635, 637-643h), AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham
$125 $40 $30
AYYUBID OF HAMAH 937 938 939 940
al-Mansur Muhammad I (587-617h), Æ Dirham, obv. seated figure - Æ Fals al-Muzaffar Mahmud (626-642h), Æ Fals al-Mansur Muhammad II (642-683h), Æ Fals
$250 $50 $75 $50
egypt & syria
91
AYYUBID OF AL-JAZIRA
941 942 943 944 945 946
941 al-Awhad Ayyub (596-607h), Æ Dirham, obv. facing bust al-Ashraf Musa (607-617h), AR Dirham - Æ Dirham, obv. seated figure al-Muzaffar Ghazi (617-642h), Æ Fals al-Kamil Muhammad II (642-658h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals
VF $200 $125 $150 $50 Extremely rare $75
AYYUBID OF HISN KAYFA 947 948 949 950 951 952
al-Muwahhid ‘Abd Allah (647-659h), AR Dirham, citing Hulagu al-‘Adil Sulayman (780-828h), AR Tanka al-Ashraf Ahmad (828-836h), AR Tanka al-Kamil Khalil I (836-852h), AR Tanka al-Zahir Khalil II (fl.910s h), AR Tanka - AR ½-Tanka
$250 $250 $250 $250 $125 $175
MAMLUK Balog, P., The Coinage of the Mamluk Sultans of Egypt and Syria, ANS Numismatic Studies No. 12, New York, 1964
953 954
953 al-Mu‘izz Aybak (648-655h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
954
$2500 $125
92
egypt & syria
955 956
955 al-Mansur ‘Ali I (655-657h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
VF $1000 $75
957 958
957 al-Muzaffar Qutuz (657-658h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
$1500 $75
959
959 al-Zahir Baybars I (658-676h), AV Dinar
$500
960 961 962
- AR Dirham - AR fractional Dirham - Æ Fals
963 964 965
963 al-Sa‘id Baraka Qan (676-678h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham al-‘Adil Salamish (678h), AR Dirham
960
$40 $25 $25
$4000 $75 $125
egypt & syria
93
966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973
966 al-Mansur Qala’un (678-689h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals al-Ashraf Khalil (689-693h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham al-Nasir Muhammad I, 1st reign (693-694h), AV Dinar al-‘Adil Kitbugha (694-696h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
967
974 975 976 977 978 979
974 al-Mansur Lajin (696-698h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham al-Nasir Muhammad I, 2nd reign (698-708h), AV Dinar al-Muzaffar Baybars II (708-709h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
980 981 982 983 984
980 981 al-Nasir Muhammad I, 3rd reign (709-741h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals al-Mansur Abu Bakr (741-742h), AV Dinar - Æ Fals, anonymous
VF $500 $30 $50 $800 $75 Extremely rare $800 $75
$600 $75 $600 Extremely rare $125 $50
$500 $30 $30 $10,000 $50
94
egypt & syria
985 986 987 988 989
985 al-Ashraf Kujuk (742h), AV Dinar al-Nasir Ahmad I (742-743h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham al-Salih Isma‘il (743-746h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
990 991 992 993 994 995
990 - Æ Fals al-Kamil Sha‘ban I (746-747h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham al-Muzaffar Hajji I (747-748h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
996 997 998
996 al-Nasir Hasan, 1st reign (748-752h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
999 1000
999 al-Salih Salih (752-755h), AV Dinar - Æ Fals
VF $8000 $10,000 $125 $3000 $75
$30 $2500 $125 $1500 $125 $50
998
$500 $75 $30
$1200 $30
egypt & syria
95
1001 1002 1003
1001 al-Nasir Hasan, 2nd reign (755-762h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
VF $500 $75 $30
1004 1005 1006
1004 al-Mansur Muhammad II (762-764h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
$800 $125 $30
1007 1008 1009
1007 al-Ashraf Sha‘ban II (764-778h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
1010 1011 1012
1010 al-Mansur ‘Ali II (778-783h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
1009
1012
$500 $30 $25
$600 $75 $25
96
egypt & syria
1013 1014 1015 1016
1013 al-Salih Hajji II, 1st reign (783-784h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Wuqiya - Æ Fals
1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022
1017 al-Zahir Barquq, 1st reign (784-791h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals al-Mansur Hajji II, 2nd reign (791-792h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
1023 1024
1023 al-Zahir Barquq, 2nd reign (792-801h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
$500 $25
1025 1026 1027 1028
1025 - Æ Fals al-Nasir Faraj, 1st reign (801-808h), AV Dinar - Æ Fals al-Nasir Faraj, 2nd reign (809-815h), AV Dinar
$25 $500 $25 $500
VF $500 $125 $800 $50
$500 $25 $25 $2000 $125 $50
egypt & syria
97
VF $300
1029
1029
- AV Bunduqi
1030 1031
1030 al-Musta‘in, caliph (815h), AV Bunduqi - AR Dirham
$1200 $125
1032
1032 al-Mu’ayyad Shaykh (815-824h), AV Dinar
$1500
1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039
1033 - AV Mithqal - AV Bunduqi - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - AR ¼-Dirham al-Muzaffar Ahmad II (824h), AR ½-Dirham al-Salih Muhammad III (824-825h), AR ½-Dirham
1040 1041
1040 al-Ashraf Barsbay (825-841h), AV Ashrafi - AR Dirham
1034
$1200 $300 $125 $75 $60 $150 $150
$150 $25
98
egypt & syria
1042 1043 1044
- AR ¾-Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - AR 3/8-Dirham
1045
1045 al-‘Aziz Yusuf (841-842h), AV Ashrafi
1046 1047 1048
1046 al-Zahir Jaqmaq (842-857h), AV Ashrafi - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
1049
1049 al-Mansur ‘Uthman (857h), AV Ashrafi
1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056
1050 1051 al-Ashraf Aynal (857-865h), AV Ashrafi - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - Æ Fals al-Mu’ayyad Ahmad III (865h), AV Ashrafi - AR Dirham al-Zahir Khushqadam (865-872h), AV Ashrafi
1057 1058
1057 - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
VF $75 $50 $40
$800
1047
$150 $25 $40
$1500
1052
1058
$150 $25 $75 $40 $800 $75 $150
$25 $40
egypt & syria 1059 1060 1061
al-Zahir Bilbay (872h), AV Ashrafi al-Zahir Timurbugha (872-873h), AV Ashrafi - Æ Fals
1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067
1062 al-Ashraf Qa’itbay (873-901h), AV Ashrafi - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - Æ Fals al-Nasir Muhammad IV (901-904h), AV Ashrafi - AR Dirham
1068 1069 1070 1071
1068 - Æ Fals al-Zahir Qansuh I (904-905h), AV Ashrafi al-Ashraf Janbalat (905-906h), AV Ashrafi al-‘Adil Tumanbay I (906h), AV Ashrafi
1072 1073 1074
1072 al-Ashraf Qansuh II (906-922h), AV Ashrafi - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
1075 1076
1075 al-Ashraf Tumanbay II (922h), AV Ashrafi Anonymous, Æ Fals, various types
99 VF $3000 $1500 $75
$150 $25 $60 $40 $600 $40
$50 $500 $10,000 $800
$250 $25 $40
$3000 $25
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA Nearly all the coinage of the Arabian peninsula during the period covered by this volume was struck in the Yemen and Oman. Abbasid control over these areas had effectively disappeared by the end of the 3rd century AH. In the Yemen the Rassids were the first dynasty to come to prominence; they and various other minor dynasties ruled for the next two centuries until the Ayyubid conquest of much of the Yemen in 569-570h. After the fall of the Ayyubids power passed to the most important and longest-lasting of the Yemeni dynasties of this period, the Rasulids. The Rasulid dynasty lasted until the early 9th century AH, after which virtually no coinage was struck in the Yemen for around a century. In the late 3rd century AH coins began to be struck by the local governors of Oman; these governors were succeeded by the Wajihids, who ruled until the conquest of Oman by the Buwayhids in the mid-4th century AH. The only coins issued by local rulers in Oman after this time are a series of gold dinars struck by the Mukramids, who ruled for a brief period at the beginning of the 5th century AH. In the mid-5th century AH Oman began to decline in importance and virtually no coinage is known for the rest of this period. During the 8th-10th centuries AH a series of (mostly copper) coins were issued by many local Islamic rulers in East Africa. Little is known about most of these rulers; their dates cannot be accurately determined at present (the coins provide little help here as they are almost always undated). Album, S., Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean, Volume 10: Arabia and East Africa, Oxford, 1999 Darley-Doran, R.E., History of Currency in the Sultanate of Oman, Muscat, 1990
BANU MISMAR
1077
1077 Mismar b. Salm (fl.273h), BI Dirham
VF $200
RASSID (1st period)
1078 1079 1080 1081 1082
1
1078 al-Hadi (284-298h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - AR Sudaysi Muhammad b. al-Qasim (c.300h), AR Sudaysi al-Nasir (301-325h), AR ½-Dirham
Stephen Album Rare Coins, Auction 16, 17-18 May 2013, lot 265
$400 $2500 $40 $150 Extremely rare1
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA
101
1083
VF $20
1083
- AR Sudaysi
1084 1085 1086
1084 al-Mansur al-Qasim (389-393h), AV Dinar - AR Sudaysi al-Mahdi al-Husayn (393-404h), AR Sudaysi
$3000 $250 $125
FATIMID PARTISANS 1087
Anonymous, AR Sudaysi, in the name of al-Mahdi
$150
AMIRS OF ‘ATHAR 1088
Muhammad b. al-Qasim (fl.346-359h), AV Dinar
1089 1090 1091 1092
‘Ali b. Muhammad (fl.362-370h), AV Dinar al-Samu b. Muhammad (fl.373-374h), AV Dinar al-Mu‘ammar b. Muhammad (fl.379h), AV Dinar al-Mansur b. Muhammad (fl.379h), AV Dinar
1089
$2500
$2500 $2500 $2500 $2500
102
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA
TARAFID
1093 1094
1093 al-Faraj al-Tarafi (fl.381-392h), AV Dinar Bushri b. ‘Abd Allah (fl.393-394h), AV Dinar
VF $1500 $2500
ZIYADID
1095 1096 1097
1095 Ishaq b. Ibrahim (343-362h), AV Dinar - AR Sudaysi ‘Ali b. Ibrahim (362-370h), AV Dinar
1098
1098 al-Muzaffar b. ‘Ali (c.370-435h), AV Dinar
$400
1099
1099 ‘Ali b. al-Muzaffar (fl.434-442h), AV Dinar
$300
$1200 Extremely rare Extremely rare
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA
103
NAJJAHID
1100 1101
1100 Jayyash b. al-Mu’ayyad (fl.465h), AV Dinar al-Fatik II b. al-Mansur (c.520-531h), AV Dinar
VF $400 $650
KHAWLANID 1102
Yahya b. Abi Hashid (fl.438h), AV Dinar
$650
SULAYHID
1103
1103 ‘Ali b. Muhammad (439-473h), AV Dinar
$300
1104 1105
1104 al-Mukarram Ahmad (473-484h), AV Dinar - AV ½-Dinar
$250 $250
1106 1107
1106 1107 temp. ‘Arwa bint Ahmad (484-532h), AV Dinar, in the name of al-Mukarram Ahmad - AV ½-Dinar, in the name of al-Mukarram Ahmad
$200 $150
104
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA
ZURAY‘ID
1108
1108 Anonymous, AV Dinar, in the name of the deceased Sulayhid ruler al-Mukarram Ahmad
VF $300
1109 1110
1109 Anonymous, AV ½-Dinar, citing the Fatimid caliph al-Amir Muhammad b. Saba’ (534-550h), AV Dinar
$500 $400
1111
1111 ‘Imran b. Muhammad (550-561h), AV Dinar
$600
MAHDID OF ZABID 1112
temp. ‘Abd al-Nabi b. ‘Ali (558-569h), AR Dirham
$150
RASSID (2nd period)
1113 1114
1113 al-Mansur ‘Abd Allah (583-614h), AR Dirham al-Mutawakkil Ahmad (623-656h), AR Dirham
$150 $250
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA
1115 1116
1115 al-Mahdi Ahmad (646-656h), AR Dirham al-Nasir Muhammad (773-793h), AR Dirham
105
VF $150 $300
AYYUBID OF THE YEMEN 1117 1118 1119 1120
al-Mu‘azzam Turanshah (569-575h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham al-Nasir Salah al-din Yusuf (575-589h), AR Dirham al-‘Aziz Tughtekin (579-593h), AV Dinar
1121 1122 1123
1121 - AR ½-Dirham al-Mu‘izz Isma‘il (593-598h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals
$300 $100 $400
1124 1125 1126
1124 al-Nasir Ayyub (598-611h), AR Dirham al-Mas‘ud Yusuf (612-626h), AR Dirham al-Kamil Muhammad I (626-627, 631-634h), AR Dirham
$75 $125 $250
1127
1127 al-‘Adil Abu Bakr (627-631h), AR Dirham
$250
$1200 $300 $150 Extremely rare
106
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA
RASULID 1128
al-Mansur ‘Umar I (626-647h), AV Dinar
1129 1130
1129 - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
1131
1131 al-Muzaffar Yusuf (647-694h), AR Dirham
1132 1133 1134
1132 al-Ashraf ‘Umar II (694-696h), AR Dirham al-Mu’ayyad Da’ud (696-721h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
1135 1136
1135 al-Mansur Ayyub, rebel (c.721-722h), AR Dirham al-Mujahid ‘Ali (721-764h), AV Dinar
VF Extremely rare
1130
$80 $100
$30
$300 $4000 $50
$400 Extremely rare
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA
107
1137
VF $65
1137
- AR Dirham
1138
1138 al-Afdal al-‘Abbas (764-778h), AR Dirham
1139 1140 1141 1142 1143
1139 al-Ashraf Isma‘il I (778-803h), AR Dirham al-Nasir Ahmad (803-827h), AR Dirham al-Ashraf Isma‘il II (830-831h), AR Dirham al-Zahir Yahya (831-842h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
$50
$80 $50 $300 Extremely rare $600
HUSAYNID SHARIFS
1144
1144 Muhammad b. Mika’il (763-765h), AR Dirham
$150
108
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA
TAHIRID 1145
‘Amir b. Da’ud (923-945h), AR Dirham
VF $100
RASSID (3rd period) 1146 1147
Sharaf al-din (912-965h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals
$65 $50
GOVERNORS OF OMAN
1148
1148 Ahmad b. al-Husayn (fl.289h), AR Dirham
$2500
1149 1150
1149 Ahmad b. Halil (fl.290-312h), AR Dirham ‘Abd al-Halim b. Ibrahim (fl.313h), AR Dirham
$700 $1000
WAJIHID
1151
1151 Yusuf b. Wajih (314-332h), AR Dirham
$500
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA
1152 1153
1152 Muhammad b. Yusuf (332-340h), AR Dirham ‘Umar b. Yusuf (fl.340-350h), AR Dirham
109
VF $750 $1500
AMIRS OF OMAN 1154
Hallaj b. Hatim (fl.358-361h), AR Dirham
Extremely rare
MUKRAMID 1155
Abu Muhammad Hasan b. Mukram (fl.408-411h), AV Dinar
1156
1156 Nasir al-din (411-427h), AV Dinar
$800
1157
1157 Abu’l-Hasan (427-430h), AV Dinar
$800
1158 1159
1158 Abu Muhammad II (430h), AV Dinar temp. ‘Ali b. Hattal (430-432h), AV Dinar
$1500
$1200 $1200
110
ARABIAN PENINSULA & EAST AFRICA
SULTANS OF MOGADISHU 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164
Abu Bakr b. Muhammad (fl.722h), BI Dirham Zubayr b. ‘Umar, Æ Fals ‘Ali b. Yusuf, Æ Fals Muhammad al-Zafir, Æ Fals Anonymous, Æ Fals
VF Extremely rare $200 $150 $250 $150
SULTANS OF KILWA 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170
‘Ali b. al-Hasan, Æ Fals Da’ud b. al-Hasan, Æ Fals al-Hasan b. Sulayman (c.715h), Æ Fals Sulayman b. al-Hasan (fl.732h), Æ Fals Da’ud b. Sulayman, Æ Fals Anonymous, Æ Fals, imitating Rasulid dirham of al-Nasir Ahmad
$150 $250 $150 $125 $150 $125
SULTANS OF ZANZIBAR 1171 1172
al-Husayn b. Ahmad, Æ Fals Ishaq b. Hasan, Æ Fals
$150 $150
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA The late 5th century AH saw the capture of much of Anatolia from the Byzantine Empire by the Great Seljuqs. The decline of Byzantine influence, coupled with the decline of the Seljuq kingdom in the early 6th century, provided an opportunity for the establishment of various dynasties, mostly of Seljuq origin, in the Jazira and Anatolia. In the Jazira the most important of these were the Artuqids and Zengids. The distinguishing feature of the coinage of these (and related smaller) dynasties is the use of pictorial images on the copper coins; this is very unusual for Islamic coinage. There are a large number of different pictorial types as the designs were changed often, sometimes several times in a single reign. The other major dynasty of this period was the Seljuqs of Rum, who ruled in central Anatolia for a century and a half. The 7th century AH saw the Mongol conquest of the Jazira and most of Anatolia. In western Anatolia a few independent principalities (known as beyliks) were established after the end of Rum Seljuq power; these were all eventually conquered by the Ottomans. Hennequin, G., Catalogue des Monnaies Musulmanes de la Bibliothèque Nationale: Asie PréMongole - Les Salguqs et Leurs Successeurs, Paris, 1985 Spengler, W.F., & Sayles, W.G., Turkoman Figural Bronze Coins and Their Iconography, Vol. I - The Artuqids, Lodi, 1992 Spengler, W.F., & Sayles, W.G., Turkoman Figural Bronze Coins and Their Iconography, Vol. II - The Zengids, Lodi, 1996
ARTUQID OF HISN KAYFA & AMID 1173
Fakhr al-din Qara Arslan (539-570h), Æ Dirham (SS 1)
1174
- Æ Dirham (SS 2)
1175
- Æ Dirham (SS 3)
1174
1175
VF $500
$500
$1000
112
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1176
- Æ Dirham (SS 4)
1177
- Æ Dirham (SS 5)
1178
- Æ Dirham (SS 6)
1179
- Æ Dirham (SS 7)
1176
1177
1178
1179
VF $600
$1000
$250
$500
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
113
1180
VF $800
1180
- Æ Dirham (SS 8)
1181
1181 Nur al-din Muhammad (570-581h), Æ Dirham (SS 9)
1182
- Æ Dirham (SS 10)
1183
- Æ Dirham (SS 11)
1182
1183
$800
$600
$500
114
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1184
1184 Qutb al-din Sukman II (581-597h), Æ Dirham (SS 12)
1185
- Æ Dirham (SS 13)
1186
- Æ Dirham (SS 14)
1187
1187 Nasir al-din Mahmud (597-619h), Æ Dirham (SS 15)
1185
1186
VF $500
$400
$300
$300
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
115
1188
VF $250 $500
1188 1189
- Æ Dirham (SS 16) - Æ Dirham (SS 17)
1190
- Æ Dirham (SS 18)
1191 1192
1191 Rukn al-din Mawdud (619-629h), Æ Dirham (SS 19) - Æ Fals (SS 20)
1190
$250
$275 $150
ARTUQID OF KHARTABIRT
1193 1194
1193 ‘Imad al-din Abu Bakr (581-600h), Æ Dirham (SS 21) - Æ Dirham (SS 22)
$1200 $500
116
1195
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
- Æ Dirham (SS 23)
1195
VF $750
ARTUQID OF MARDIN 1196 1197
Husam al-din Timurtash (516-547h), Æ Dirham (SS 24) - Æ Dirham (SS 25)
1198
- Æ Dirham (SS 26)
1199
1199 Najm al-din Alpi (547-572h), Æ Dirham, SS 26 with countermark
1200
- Æ Dirham (SS 27)
1198
1200
Extremely rare $250
$300
$150
$250
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
117
1201
VF $275
1201
- Æ Dirham (SS 28)
1202
- Æ Dirham (SS 29)
1203
- Æ Dirham (SS 30)
1204
1204 Qutb al-din Il-Ghazi II (572-580h), Æ Dirham (SS 31)
1202
1203
$250
$200
$250
118
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1205
1205
- Æ Dirham (SS 32)
1206
1206 Husam al-din Yuluq Arslan (580-597h), Æ Dirham (SS 33)
1207
- Æ Dirham (SS 34)
1208
- Æ Dirham (SS 35)
1207
1208
VF $150
$250
$250
$200
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1209
1209
- Æ Dirham (SS 36)
1210
1210 Nasir al-din Artuq Arslan (597-637h), AR Dirham
1211
- Æ Dirham (SS 37)
1212
- Æ Dirham (SS 38)
1211
1212
119
VF
$250
$125
$250
$300
120
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1213
- Æ Dirham (SS 39)
1214 1215 1216
- Æ Dirham (SS 40) - Æ Dirham (SS 41) - Æ Dirham (SS 42)
1217 1218
- Æ Dirham (SS 43) - Æ Dirham (SS 44)
1219
- Æ Dirham (SS 45)
1213
1214
1217
1219
VF $250
$150 $125 $125
$200 $250
$250
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
121
1220
VF $150
1220
- Æ Dirham (SS 46)
1221
- Æ Dirham (SS 47)
1222
- Æ Dirham (SS 48)
1223
1223 Najm al-din Ghazi I (637-658h), AR Dirham
1224 1225
- Æ Dirham (SS 49) - Æ Fals
1221
1222
1224
$300
$150
$50
$250 $25
122 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA Fakhr al-din Qara Arslan (658-693h), Æ Fals (SS 50) Najm al-din Ghazi II (693-712h), Æ Fals (SS 51) al-Salih Salih I (712-765h), AR Akçe - Æ Double Fals (SS 53) - Æ Fals (SS 52) - Æ Fals (SS 54) - Æ Fals (SS 55) al-Mansur Ahmad (765-769h), AR Akçe al-Muzaffar Da’ud (769-778h), AR Akçe - Æ Fals (SS 56) al-Zahir ‘Isa (778-809h), AR Akçe - Æ Fals (SS 57) - Æ Fals (SS 58)
VF $150 $150 $50 $1200 $300 Extremely rare $400 $75 $75 $500 $75 Extremely rare Extremely rare
ZENGID OF MOSUL
1239
1239 Qutb al-din Mawdud (544-565h), AV Dinar
$600
1240 1241
1240 - Æ Dirham (SS 59) Sayf al-din Ghazi II (565-576h), AV Dinar
$150 $600
1242
Æ Dirham (SS 60)
1242
$200
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
123
1243
VF $150
1243
- Æ Dirham (SS 61)
1244
1244 ‘Izz al-din Mas‘ud (576-589h), AV Dinar
1245
- Æ Dirham (SS 62)
1246 1247
1246 - Æ Dirham (SS 63) Nur al-din Arslanshah I (589-607h), AV Dinar
1245
$400
$250
$150 $300
124
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1248 1249
1248 - Æ Dirham (SS 64) ‘Izz al-din Mas‘ud II (607-615h), AV Dinar
VF $300 $300
1250 1251
1250 - Æ Dirham (SS 65) Nur al-din Arslanshah II (615-616h), AV Dinar
$275 $500
1252
1252 Nasir al-din Mahmud (616-631h), AV Dinar
$250
1253
- Æ Dirham (SS 66)
1253
$250
1254
- Æ Dirham (SS 67)
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
125
1254
VF $150
LU’LU’ID Jafar, Y., ‘Dinars and History of Badr al-din Lu’lu’ of Mosul’, JONS 201, 2009
1255
1255 Badr al-din Lu’lu’ (631-657h), AV Dinar
$400
1256 1257
1256 - AV Dinar, citing Möngke as overlord - BI Dirham (SS 69)
$600 $150
1258
- Æ Dirham (SS 68)
1258
$150
126
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1259 1260 1261 1262
1259 - Æ Dirham (SS 71) - Æ Fals (SS 70) - Æ Fals, citing Möngke as overlord (SS 72) Rukn al-din Isma‘il (657-660h), AV Dinar
VF $150 $150 $400 $600
1263 1264
1263 - AV Dinar, citing Möngke as overlord - AR Dirham
$800 $300
ZENGID OF SYRIA
1265
1265 Nur al-din Mahmud (541-569h), Æ Fals (SS 73)
1266
- Æ Fals (SS 74)
1266
$150
$100
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1267 1268
1267 al-Salih Isma‘il (569-577h), AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham
1269
- Æ Fals (SS 75)
1270 1271
1270 - Æ Fals (SS 76) - Æ Fals (SS 77)
127
1268
1269
VF $150 $100
$50
1271
$125 $50
ZENGID OF SINJAR
1272
1272 ‘Imad al-din Zangi II (566-594h), Æ Dirham (SS 78)
$150
128
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1273 1274
1273 - Æ Dirham (SS 79) Qutb al-din Muhammad (594-616h), Æ Dirham (SS 80)
1275
- Æ Dirham (SS 81)
1276 1277
- Æ Dirham (SS 82) - Æ Dirham (SS 83)
1278
1278 al-Amjad ‘Umar (616-617h), Æ Dirham (SS 84)
1275
1276
VF $150 $150
$150
$300 $250
$500
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
129
ZENGID OF AL-JAZIRA
1279 1280
1279 Mu‘izz al-din Sanjarshah (576-605h), Æ Dirham (SS 85) - Æ Wuqiya (SS 86)
VF $250 $275
1281 1282
1281 al-Mu‘azzam Mahmud (605-648h), Æ Dirham (SS 87) - Æ Dirham (SS 88)
$250 $300
1283
- Æ Dirham (SS 89)
1283
$150
ZENGID OF SHAHRAZUR 1284 1285
‘Imad al-din Zengi (fl.616-632h), AV Dinar Nur al-din Il-Arslan (fl.632-649h), AV Dinar
$500 $600
130
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
BEGTEGINID
1286 1287 1288
1286 Muzaffar al-din Kökburi (563-630h), AV Dinar - Æ Dirham, obv. seated figure - Æ Dirham, obv. bust right
1289
- Æ Dirham, obv. lion-rider
1290
1290 - Æ Fals, obv. seated figure, rev. hexagram
1289
VF $400 $300 $250
$150
$250
BEGTIMURID 1291
Sayf al-din Begtimur (579-589h), Æ Fals, obv. cow
$250
SALDUQID 1292 1293 1294
Diya’ al-din Ghazi (fl.510-526h), Æ Fals, obv. Virgin and Child Salduq b. ‘Ali (523-563h), Æ Fals, obv. two standing figures Muhammad b. Salduq (563-587h), Æ Fals, obv. mounted archer
Extremely rare $200 $250
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
131
MENKUJAKID
1295 1296 1297 1298
1295 Fakhr al-din Bakhramshah (c.563-622h), Æ Dirham, obv. Byzantine style half-length bust - Æ Dirham, obv. head left within hexagon - Æ Dirham, inscriptional type Sayf al-din Shahinshah (fl.573h), Æ Dirham
VF $400 $250 $250 $600
DANISHMENDID Whelan, E.J., ‘A Contribution to Danishmendid History: The Figured Copper Coins’, ANS Museum Notes 25, New York, 1980 1299
Amir Ghazi (497-528h), Æ Dirham, obv. bust of Christ
1300 1301
1300 Malik Muhammad (528-536h), Æ Dirham, Greek inscriptions ‘Ayn al-dawla Isma‘il (536-547h), Æ Dirham, Greek inscriptions
1302 1303 1304
1302 ‘Imad al-din Dhu’l-Nun (536-570h), Æ Dirham, obv. lion-rider - Æ Dirham, bilingual type - Æ Dirham, Arabic inscriptions only
Extremely rare
$800 $1000
$650 $800 $800
132
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1305 1306
1305 Nizam al-din Yaghi Basan (537-559h), Æ Dirham, obv. bust right - Æ Dirham, Arabic inscriptions only
VF $500 $750
1307
1307 Dhu’l-Qarnayn (547-557h), Æ Dirham, obv. bust right
$600
1308 1309 1310 1311
1308 Nasir al-din Muhammad (557-565h), Æ Dirham, obv. two standing figures - Æ Dirham, obv. horseman Shams al-din Isma‘il (559-567h), Æ Dirham Fakhr al-din Qasim (565-567h), Æ Dirham, obv. lion
$500 $1200 $500 $750
COUNTERMARKED BYZANTINE COINS Lowick, N.M., Bendall, S., & Whitting, P.D., The Mardin Hoard, London, 1977 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317
Æ Follis, countermarked atabeg Æ Follis, countermarked ‘adl Æ Follis, countermarked sa’d Æ Follis, countermarked shams Æ Follis, countermarked lillah Æ Follis, countermarked najm
$50 $50 $125 $50 $30 $30
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
133
SELJUQ OF RUM Broome, M., A Survey of the Coinage of the Seljuqs of Rum, London, 2011
1318
1318 Mas‘ud I (510-551h), Æ Fals, obv. Byzantine bust
VF $600
1319 1320 1321 1322 1323
1319 Qilij Arslan II (551-588h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals Kaykhusraw I, 1st reign (588-595h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals, obv. horseman - Æ Fals, obv. facing bust
$250 $80 $250 $50 $250
1324 1325
Tughril (c.588-618h), AR Dinar - Æ Fals
1326 1327
1326 Sulayman II (592-600h), AR Dirham, horseman type - Æ Fals, obv. horseman
1324
$200 $125
1327
$1200 $75
134
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1328 1329
1328 Kaykhusraw I, 2nd reign (600-607h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals
VF $300 $50
1330 1331
1330 Kayka’us I (607-616h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals
$200 $30
1332
1333
1332 Kayqubad I, as malik of Tokat (607-610h), Æ Fals, obv. St George and the dragon
1333 Kayqubad I (616-634h), AV Dinar
$600
$3000
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1334
135
1335
1334 1335 1336
- AR Dirham - AR Dirham, bilingual type (Armenia) - Æ Fals
VF $80 $600 $30
1337 1338
1337 Kaykhusraw II (634-644h), AV Dinar - AV Dinar, obv. sun and two lions
$1500 Extremely rare
1339
1339 1340
- AR Dirham - AR Dirham, lion & sun type
1341 1342
1341 - AR Dirham, bilingual type (Armenia) - Æ Fals
1340 $40 $75
$400 $30
136
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1343
1343 Kayka’us II, 1st reign (643-647h), AV Dinar
1344 1345 1346
- AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - Æ Fals
1347
1347 Qilij Arslan IV, 1st reign (646-647h), AR Dirham, horseman type
$500
1348
1348 Kayka’us II, Qilij Arslan IV, & Kayqubad II (647-657h), AV Dinar
$1500
1349
- AR Dirham
1344
1349
VF $1500
$30 $250 $30
$30
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1350 1351 1352
1350 Kayka’us II, 2nd reign (655-660h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals Qilij Arslan IV, 2nd reign (655-664h), AV Dinar
1353 1354
- AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham
1355
1355 Kaykhusraw III (663-682h), AV Dinar
1356 1357 1358
- AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - Æ Fals
1353
1356
137
VF $40 $150 $3000
$80 $300
$3000
$40 $300 $75
138
1359 1360 1361 1362 1363
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
VF $50 $500 $125 $250 $250
1359 Mas‘ud II, 1st reign (679-697h), AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham Kayqubad III (697-701h), AR Dirham - AR Dirham, lion & sun type Mas‘ud II, 2nd reign (c.701-708h), AR Dirham
BEYLIK OF KARESI 1364
Beylerbeyi Çelebi (c.744-747h), AR Akçe
$200
BEYLIK OF SARUHAN
1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370
1365 Ishaq b. Ilyas (c.759-792h), AR Akçe - Æ Mangir Khisr b. Ishaq (792, 804-813h), AR Akçe - Æ Mangir Urkhan (c.806-810h), Æ Mangir Anonymous, Æ Mangir
1366
$75 $100 $125 $100 $200 $75
BEYLIK OF MENTESHE 1371
Ahmad Ghazi (759-793h), AR Akçe
$75
1372
1372 Ilyas b. Muhammad, 2nd reign (805-823h), AR Akçe
$40
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
BEYLIK OF AYDIN 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379
‘Isa Beg (c.762-789h), AR Akçe Mehmed b. Umur (fl.807h), AR Akçe - Æ Mangir Junayd b. Ibrahim (813-816, 825-829h), AR Akçe - Æ Mangir Mustafa Beg (824-825h), AR Akçe Anonymous, Æ Mangir
139 VF $40 $150 $150 $150 $150 $200 $75
BEYLIK OF GERMIYAN 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384
Muhammad Beg (741-762h), AR Akçe Sulaymanshah (762-789h), AR Akçe Ya‘qub b. Sulayman (789-792, 805-832h), AR Akçe Anonymous, AR Akçe - AR Akçe, citing Timur
$150 $150 $150 $100 $150
HAMIDID 1385 1386
Anonymous, AR Dirham Jalis Bey (fl.758h), Æ Fals
$100 $100
BEYLIK OF ALANYA 1387 1388
Anonymous, AR Dirham - AR Akçe
$100 $40
1389 1390
1389 Saveji b. Shams al-din (fl.827h), AR Akçe Qaraman b. Saveji (fl.827-834h), AR Akçe
$100 $100
KARAMANID 1391 1392 1393
Anonymous, AR Dirham Badr b. Qaraman (c.717-731h), AR Dirham, countermarked type ‘Ala al-din (762-800h), AR Dirham
$80 $125 $150
140
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
1394 1395 1396
1394 Muhammad b. ‘Ala al-din (805-822, 824-827h), AR Dirham ‘Ali b. ‘Ala al-din (822-824h), AR Dirham Ibrahim (824, 827-868h), AR Dirham
VF $100 $200 $125
1397 1398 1399
1397 - AR Akçe Ishaq b. Ibrahim (868-869h), AR Akçe Pir Ahmad (869-871h), AR Akçe
$75 $150 $150
ISFENDIYARID 1400 1401
temp. Sulayman (709-742h), AR Akçe temp. ‘Adil Beg (c.746-760h), AR ½-Akçe
1402 1403 1404 1405 1406 1407
1402 Koturum Bayezit (762-787h), AR Akçe - AR ½-Akçe Suleyman II (787-794h), AR Akçe Isfendiyar (794-843h), AV ½-Ashrafi - AR Akçe - Æ Mangir
$100 $50
$40 $100 $40 Extremely rare $30 $100
ERETNID
1408 1409 1410 1411
1408 temp. Eretna (736-753h), AR Akçe Muhammad b. Eretna (753-767h), AR Akçe ‘Ala al-din (c.756-759h), AR Akçe Muzaffar al-din (c.757-760h), AR Akçe
$40 $60 $150 $100
1412 1413
AL-JAZIRA & ANATOLIA
141
1412
VF $50 $200
‘Ali Beg (767-782h), AR Akçe - AR ½-Akçe
QADIS OF SIVAS 1414
Burhan al-din Ahmad (782-800h), AR Akçe
$150
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN, & CENTRAL ASIA As the power of the Abbasid caliphate declined in the late 3rd and early 4th centuries AH, many autonomous dynasties were established throughout Iran, Afghanistan, and Central Asia, and this process only intensified after the fall of Baghdad to the Buwayhids in 334h. The most important of the post-Abbasid dynasties were the Buwayhids in Iran, the Samanids in Khurasan and Central Asia, the Ghaznavids in Khurasan and Afghanistan, and the Qarakhanids in Central Asia. The 5th century AH saw the arrival of the Seljuqs and their conquest of Iran and the Jazira. However, the Seljuq hegemony lasted only a few decades before their kingdom split into numerous smaller states; many of these were vassal states of the Seljuqs in theory but independent in practice. In the early 7th century AH the Mongol invasions began, and in less than fifty years the Mongols had conquered all of the Eastern Islamic world.
TAHIRID
1415
1415 Tahir b. al-Husayn (205-207h), AR Dirham (common mint: Herat)
1416
- Æ Fals
1417
1417 Talha b. Tahir (207-213h), AR Dirham (common mint: Samarqand)
1416
VF $125
$250
$75
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
143
1418 1419 1420
1418 - Æ Fals - Æ Fals, rev. Sasanian bust ‘Abd Allah b. Tahir (213-230h), Æ Fals
VF $250 $300 $300
1421 1422
1421 Tahir b. ‘Abd Allah (230-248h), Æ Fals Muhammad b. Tahir (248-259h), Æ Fals
$80 $150
ZANJ REBELLION 1423
‘Ali b. Muhammad (258-271h), AV Dinar
1424
- AR Dirham
1424
Extremely rare
$2500
DULAFID
1425 1426 1427
1425 Ahmad b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz (265-280h), AV Dinar - AV Dinar, donative type - AR Dirham
$2500 Extremely rare $200
144
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1428
‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz (280-284h), AV Dinar
1429
- AR Dirham
1429
VF $2000
$250
KHUJISTANID
1430
1430 Ahmad b. ‘Abd Allah (fl.261-268h), AR Dirham (common mint: Nishapur)
$100
HARTHAMID 1431 1432
Rafi‘ b. Harthama (268-283h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
Extremely rare $1000
SAFFARID Lloyd, S., ‘The coinage of the Saffarids of Sijistan and related dynasties, 247h-332h’, Parts 1 & 2, JONS 219-220, 2014 (further parts forthcoming) Walker, J., The Coinage of the second Saffarid dynasty in Sistan, ANS Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 72, New York, 1936 1433
Ya‘qub b. al-Layth (247-265h), AV Dinar
1434
- AR Dirham
1434
Extremely rare
$150
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1435 1436 1437 1438
1435 - AR Dirham, donative type - Æ Fals Anonymous, BI Drachm, bull & horseman type ‘Amr b. al-Layth (265-288h), AV Dinar
1439
- AR double Dirham
1440 1441
1440 - AR Dirham (common mints: Shiraz, Fars) - AR Dirham, donative type
1442
1442 Mansur b. Shurkub, rebel (fl.269h), AR Dirham
1
1439
Morton & Eden Auction 63, 22 April 2013, lot 126
145
VF Extremely rare $750 $50 Extremely rare
$600
$75 Extremely rare1
$200
146
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1443
1443 Muhammad b. ‘Amr, viceroy (272-274h), AR Dirham (common mints: Shiraz, Fars)
1444
1444 Tahir b. Muhammad (288-296h), AR Dirham (common mint: Fars)
VF $125
$75
1445 1446 1447 1448
1445 al-Layth b. ‘Ali (296-298h), AR Dirham Subkari, rebel (296-298h), AR Dirham al-Mu‘addal b. ‘Ali (298-299h), AR Dirham Muhammad b. Hurmuz (299-300h), AR Dirham
$150 $150 $750 Extremely rare
1449 1450
1449 Kuthayyir b. Ahmad (c.305-306h), AR Dirham Ahmad b. Qudam (c.307-310h), AV Dinar
$300 Extremely rare
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
147
1451 1452 1453
1451 - AR Dirham ‘Abd Allah b. Ahmad (310-311h), AR Dirham Ahmad b. Muhammad (311-352h), AV Dinar
1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1459
1454 1455 - AV fractional Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals Khalaf b. Ahmad, 1st reign (352-353h), AV fractional Dinar Tahir b. Muhammad (353-359h), AV fractional Dinar al-Husayn b. Tahir, 1st & 2nd reigns (359-361h), AV fractional Dinar
$250 $200 $50 $150 $250 $150
1460 1461
1460 1461 Khalaf b. Ahmad, 2nd reign (360-369h), AV fractional Dinar - Æ Fals
$150 $75
1462 1463
1462 al-Husayn b. Tahir, 3rd reign (c.369-371h), AV fractional Dinar - AV fractional Dinar, citing Nuh b. Mansur
$150 $300
VF $300 $750 $1500
148
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1464 1465 1466 1467 1468
1464 Khalaf b. Ahmad, 3rd reign (370-393h), AV fractional Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals ‘Amr b. Khalaf (d.383h), AV fractional Dinar Tahir b. Khalaf (fl.391-392h), AV fractional Dinar
1469 1470
1469 - AR Dirham Nasr b. Ahmad (c.442-465h), AV Dinar
1471 1472
1471 Taj al-din Harb (564-610h), BI Jital Taj al-din Nasr (618h), BI Jital
1473
Abu Mansur (618-619h), BI Jital
1473
VF $200 $300 $100 $500 $400
$200 Extremely rare
$25 $50
$50
BANIJURID 1474 1475 1476 1477
Da’ud b. Muhammad (fl.260h), AR Dirham Muhammad b. Ahmad (260-285h), AR Dirham Sa‘id b. Shu‘ayb (c.266-274h), AR Dirham Muhammad b. ‘Umar (fl.268h), AR Dirham
$400 $75 $100 $400
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1478 1479 1480
1478 Ahmad b. Muhammad (c.285-297h), AR Dirham Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Yahya (c.295-297h), AR Dirham Ja‘far b. Ahmad (c.310-313h), AR Dirham
149
VF $75 $200 $500
AMIRS OF AL-KHUTTAL
1481 1482
1481 al-Harith b. Asad (c.280-293h), AR Dirham al-Harith b. Mansur (c.420-437h), AR Dirham
$300 Extremely rare
SAMANID
1483 1484
1483 Nuh b. Asad (204-227h), Æ Fals Ahmad b. Asad (204-250h), Æ Fals
$125 $80
1485
1485 Yahya b. Asad (204-241h), Æ Fals
$150
150
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1486 1487 1488
1486 Nasr I b. Ahmad (250-279h), Æ Fals Ya‘qub b. Ahmad (fl.265h), Æ Fals Nuh II b. Asad (fl.274-279h), Æ Fals
VF $60 $100 $150
1489
1489 Isma‘il b. Ahmad (279-295h), AV Dinar
$500
1490
1490 - AR Dirham (common mints: Samarqand, al-Shash)
1491
- Æ Fals
1492
1492 Ahmad b. Isma‘il (295-301h), AV Dinar
1491
$40
$40
$500
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1493 1494
1493 - AR Dirham (common mints: Andaraba, al-Shash) Ishaq b. Ahmad (301h), AV Dinar
1495 1496
- AR Dirham - Æ Fals
1497 1498 1499
1497 Nasr II b. Ahmad (301-331h), AV Dinar (common mints: al-Muhammadiya, Nishapur) - AV Dinar, donative type - AR multiple Dirham, struck posthumously
1500
1500 - AR Dirham (common mints: Balkh, Samarqand, al-Shash)
151
VF $50 Extremely rare
1495
$600 $300
1498
$250 $4000 $150
$40
152
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1501
VF $600
1501
- AR Dirham, donative type
1502 1503
1502 - Æ Fals Ahmad b. Sahl, rebel (fl.301-308h), AV Dinar
$30 $1500
1504 1505 1506
1504 - AR Dirham (common mint: Andaraba) Layla b. Nu‘man (fl.309h), AR Dirham Yahya b. Ahmad, rebel (c.315-319h), AV Dinar
$80 $1000 $2500
1507
- AR Dirham
1507
$800
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
VF $250 $60
1508 1509
1508 Nuh b. Nasr (331-343h), AV Dinar (common mint: Nishapur) - AR multiple Dirham
1510 1511
1510 - AR Dirham (common mint: Samarqand) - Æ Fals
1512 1513
1512 Ibrahim b. Ahmad, rebel (335h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
1514
1514 ‘Abd al-Malik b. Nuh (343-350h), AV Dinar (common mint: Nishapur)
1515 1516
- AR Dirham - Æ Fals
1515
153
$40 $60
$1500 Extremely rare
$400
$60 $100
154
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1517 1518
1517 Mansur I b. Nuh (350-365h), AV Dinar - AR multiple Dirham
1519
- AR Dirham
1520
- AE Fals
1521 1522
1521 Nuh b. Mansur (365-387h), AV Dinar (common mint: Nishapur) - AR multiple Dirham
1519
1520
VF $400 $100
$75
$20
$300 $80
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
155
1523
VF $50
1523
- AR Dirham
1524
- Æ Fals
1525 1526 1527 1528
1525 Mansur II b. Nuh (387-389h), AV Dinar - Æ Fals ‘Abd al-Malik II (389-390h), AV Dinar - Æ Fals
1529 1530
1529 Isma‘il b. Nuh (390-395h), AV Dinar - Æ Fals
1524
$75
1527
$400 $150 $800 $250
$4000 $300
156
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
SAMANID OF AKHSIKATH
VF
1531 1532
1531 Asad b. Ahmad (c.250-270h), Æ Fals Ahmad b. Asad (c.270-277h), Æ Fals
$100 $150
1533 1534
1533 Ishaq b. Ahmad (c.277-290h), Æ Fals Muhammad b. Asad (fl.303h), Æ Fals
$125 $250
1535
1535 Malik b. Shakartegin (fl.312-334h), Æ Fals
1536
1536 Bakr b. Malik (fl.335-341h), Æ Fals
$75
$125
AFSHINID 1537
Siyar b. ‘Abd Allah (fl.279-280h), Æ Fals
$300
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
MUHTAJID 1538
Nasr b. Ahmad (fl.341-365h), Æ Fals
157 VF $125
AMIRS OF BUST 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543
Khut-tegin I (fl.337-341h), Æ Fals Muhammad b. Khut-tegin (fl.347-348h), Æ Fals Bekchur (fl.349-350h), Æ Fals Baytuz (fl.359-365h), Æ Fals Takantash (fl.367-369h), Æ Fals
$200 $150 $200 $200 $250
AFRIGHID
1544
1544 Ahmad b. Muhammad (c.348-366h), Æ Fals
$200
KHAZARS 1545 1546
Anonymous, AR Dirham, imitating Abbasid prototypes - AR Dirham, imitating Samanid prototypes
$400 $750
VOLGA BULGARS 1547
Talib b. Ahmad (338-347h), AR Dirham
1548 1549
1548 Mika’il b. Ja‘far (c.350h), AR Dirham Anonymous, AR Dirham, imitating Samanid prototypes
$1500
$750 $300
158
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
AMIRS OF ANDARABA 1550
Harb b. Sahlan (c.344-365h), AR Dirham
VF $150
1551
1551 Maktum (fl.347-364h), AR Dirham
$250
1552 1553
1552 Sahlan b. Maktum (fl.364-378h), AR multiple Dirham - AR Dirham
$125 $250
1554
1554 al-Harith b. Harb, AR multiple Dirham
$125
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
AMIR OF WARWARLIZ 1555
‘Ali (fl.374h), AR multiple Dirham
159 VF $250
SAJID
1556 1557 1558
1556 al-Afshin b. Diwdad (276-288h), AR Dirham - AR Dirham, donative type Yusuf b. Diwdad (288-315h), AV Dinar
1559 1560
- AR Dirham - AR Dirham, donative type
1561
1561 al-Fath b. al-Afshin (315-317h), AV Dinar
1562 1563 1564
1562 - AR Dirham Muflih al-Yusufi (c.317-323h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
1559
$500 Extremely rare $1200
$400 Extremely rare
$1500
$500 $1200 Extremely rare
160
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
KURDS OF ADHARBAYJAN 1565 1566
Daysam b. Ibrahim (c.325-341h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
VF $2500 $800
SHADDADID
1567
1567 al-Fadl b. Muhammad (375-422h), AR Dirham
1568
1568 Shawur b. al-Fadl (441-459h), AR Dirham
$30
$250
SU‘LUKID Miles, G.C., The Numismatic History of Rayy, ANS Numismatic Studies No. 2, New York, 1938 1569 1570
Muhammad b. ‘Ali, 1st reign (c.301-302h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
1571
1571 Ahmad b. ‘Ali (fl.304-311h), AV Dinar
Extremely rare Extremely rare
$500
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
161
1572
VF $250
1572
- AR Dirham
1573
1573 Muhammad b. ‘Ali, 2nd reign (c.314-316h), AV Dinar
1574
- AR Dirham
1574
$400
$250
BUWAYHID Treadwell, L., Buyid Coinage, Oxford, 2001
1575
1575 ‘Imad al-dawla ‘Ali b. Buwayh, as ‘Ali b. Buwayh (322-334h), AR Dirham (common mint: Shiraz)
$40
162
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1576 1577
1576 - as ‘Imad al-dawla (334-338h), AV Dinar - - AR Dirham
1577
1578
1578 Mu‘izz al-dawla Ahmad b. Buwayh, as Ahmad b. Buwayh (328-334h), AR Dirham
$125
1579
1579 - as Mu‘izz al-dawla (334-356h), AV Dinar (common mint: Madinat al-Salam)
$500
1580 1581
1580 - - AR Dirham (common mints: al-Basra, Madinat al-Salam) Rukn al-dawla al-Hasan b. Buwayh, as al-Hasan b. Buwayh, governor of Khuzistan (c.328-331h), AR Dirham
VF $500 $50
$50 Extremely rare
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
163
1582
1582 - as Rukn al-dawla (335-366h), AV Dinar
VF $500
1583 1584 1585
1583 - - AR Dirham ‘Adud al-dawla Abu Shuja‘, as Abu Shuja‘ (338-341h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham (common mints: Arrajan, Siraf)
$50 $600 $75
1586
1586 - as ‘Adud al-dawla (341-372h), AV Dinar (common mint: al-Basra)
$300
1587
1587 - - AR Dirham (common mints: Arrajan, Shiraz)
$40
1588
1588 - - AR Dirham, hexagonal design on both sides
$150
164
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1589 1590
Mu’ayyid al-dawla Abu Mansur (356-373h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham (common mint: Isbahan)
VF $500 $50
1591
1591 ‘Izz al-dawla Bakhtiyar (356-367h), AV Dinar
$600
1592 1593
1592 - AR Dirham Sanad al-dawla Abu Harb (fl.357h), AR Dirham
1595 1596 1597
1594 Fakhr al-dawla ‘Ali b. Rukn al-dawla, as ‘Ali b. Rukn al-dawla, governor in Hamadan (359-364h), AR Dirham - as Fakhr al-dawla, governor in Hamadan (365-369h), AV Dinar - - AR Dirham - as Fakhr al-dawla, independent ruler (373-387h), AV Dinar
1598
- - AR Dirham
1594
1598
$80 Extremely rare
$125 $600 $80 $500
$50
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
165
1600
1599 Sharaf al-dawla Abu’l-Fawaris Shirdhil, as Shirdhil, governor of Kirman (c.361-372h), AR Dirham - as Abu’l-Fawaris (c.370-377h), AV Dinar
Extremely rare
1601 1602 1603
1601 - - AR Dirham - as Sharaf al-dawla (c.377-379h), AV Dinar - - AR Dirham
$75 Extremely rare $150
1599
1605 1606
1604 Samsam al-dawla al-Marzuban, as al-Marzuban (362-372h), AV Dinar (common mint: Suq al-Ahwaz) - AR Dirham - as Samsam al-dawla (372-376h, 380-388h), AV Dinar
1607 1608
1607 - - AR Dirham (common mint: Shiraz) Diya’ al-dawla b. ‘Adud al-dawla (fl.372h), AR Dirham
1604
VF $100
$400 $50 $1500
$50 Extremely rare
166
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1609
1609 Abu’l-Husayn Ahmad (372-375h), AV Dinar
1610 1611
1610 - AR Dirham Khusrafiruz b. Rukn al-dawla (373-384h), AV Dinar
1612
- AR Dirham
1613 1614
1613 Baha’ al-dawla Abu Nasr (379-403h), AV Dinar, fine gold (common mint: Suq al-Ahwaz) - AV Dinar, base gold
1615
- AR Dirham
1612
1615
VF $400
$50 Extremely rare
$125
$250 $125
$60
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA 1616 1617 1618 1619 1620 1621
Majd al-dawla Abu Talib, as Abu Talib (387-389h), AR Dirham - as Majd al-dawla (389-420h), AV Dinar - - AR Dirham Shams al-dawla Abu Tahir (387-412h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham Sultan al-dawla Abu Shuja‘ (403-415h), AV Dinar
1622 1623 1624
1622 - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham Qawam al-dawla Abu’l-Fawaris, as Abu’l-Fawaris (fl.407h), AR Dirham
1625
1626
1625 - as Qawam al-dawla (fl.416h), AR Dirham
1626 Abu Kalijar b. Sultan al-dawla (415-440h), AV Dinar (common mint: Suq al-Ahwaz)
167
VF $40 $1200 $50 Extremely rare $125 $800
$150 Extremely rare $200
$250
$275
168
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1627 1628 1629 1630 1631
1627 - AR Dirham - AR donative fractional Dirham Abu Kalijar b. Majd al-dawla (fl.432h), AV Dinar Jalal al-dawla Abu Tahir (fl.435h), AR Dirham Abu Mansur Fulad Sutun (fl.440h), AR Dirham
1632 1633
1632 Abu Nasr Khusrafiruz (440-447h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
VF $300 Extremely rare Extremely rare $1200 Extremely rare
$400 $400
SALLARID 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 1640 1641 1642 1643 1644
al-Marzuban b. Muhammad (330-346h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham Wahsudan b. Muhammad (c.330-357h), AR Dirham Justan b. al-Marzuban (c.346-349h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham Ibrahim b. al-Marzuban (c.349-355h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham Isma‘il b. Wahsudan (fl.350-355h), AR Dirham Nuh b. Wahsudan (fl.355h), AR Dirham Sharmazan b. Mishaki (fl.355-361h), AR Dirham Rustam b. Justan (fl.359-362h), AR Dirham
$3000 $400 $250 $4000 $400 Extremely rare $500 $600 $600 Extremely rare $600
ZAYDI IMAMS OF HAWSAM 1645
Ja‘far b. Muhammad al-Tha’ir (c.319-350h), AR Dirham
$750
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
JASTANID 1646 1647
Manadhir b. Jastan (c.336-361h), AV Dinar - AV fractional Dinar
1648
1648 Khusrashah b. Manadhir (fl.361-368h), AR Dirham
169 VF $4000 $1500
$250
JULANDID 1649 1650
Badr b. Khattal (fl.334h), AR Dirham al-‘Abbas b. Ja‘far (fl.336h), AR Dirham
1651
1651 Ridwan b. Ja‘far (fl.338-349h), AR Dirham
$1000 $1000
$300
HASANWAYHID
1652 1653
1652 Badr b. Hasanwayh (369-405h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
1653
$1200 $150
170
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
KAKWAYHID
1654
1654 Muhammad b. Dushmanzar (398-433h), AV Dinar
1655
- AR Dirham
1656
Faramurz (433-443h), AV Dinar
1655
1656
VF $500
$250
$250
‘ANNAZID 1657 1658
Husam al-dawla Faris (401-437h), AR Dirham ‘Ali b. ‘Umar (fl.417h), AR Dirham
$750 $400
‘ALID
1659 1660
1659 Anonymous, AR Dirham al-Hasan b. Zayd (250-270h), AV Dinar
$150 Extremely rare
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1661 1662 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667
1661 - AR Dirham al-Husayn b. Ahmad (fl.250-253h), AR Dirham Ahmad b. Muhammad (fl.270h), AR Dirham Muhammad b. Zayd (270-287h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham al-Hasan b. al-Qasim, 1st reign (306-311h), AV Dinar Ja‘far b. al-Hasan (311-314h), AV Dinar
1668
1668 temp. al-Hasan b. al-Qasim, 2nd reign (314-316h), AV Dinar
171
VF $250 $1000 Extremely rare2 Extremely rare Extremely rare $3000 Extremely rare
$500
ZIYARID
1669 1670 1671
2
1669 Mardawij b. Ziyar (315-323h), AV Dinar (common mint: Mah al-Basra) - AR Dirham Bakran b. Khurshid (fl.323h), AV Dinar
Spink Zürich Auction 31, 20 June 1989, lot 329
$400 Extremely rare $3000
172
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1672
1672 Bisutun b. Wushmagir (357-367h), AV Dinar
1673
- AR Dirham, in his own name
1674
1674 - AR Dirham, in the name of his father
1675 1676
1675 Qabus b. Wushmagir (367-403h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
VF $2500
1673
$250
$125
1676
$2500 $250
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
173
1677
VF $250
1677
- BI Dirham
1678 1679
1678 Falak al-Ma‘ali Manuchihr (403-420h), BI Dirham Sharaf al-Ma‘ali Anushirvan (420-441h), AV Dinar
$250 Extremely rare3
ZIYARID OF THE JIBAL 1680
Farhad b. Mardawij (fl.415-425h), AR Dirham
$500
FIRUZANID
1681
1681 al-Hasan b. al-Firuzan (330-356h), AV Dinar
$2500
BAVANDID 1682
3
Rustam b. Sharwin (c.352-370h), AV Dinar
Baldwin’s Islamic Coin Auction 13, 30 October 2007, lot 361
Extremely rare
174
1683 1684 1685 1686 1687 1688 1689
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1683 - AR Dirham Shahriyar b. Rustam (fl.377-393h), AR Dirham Shahriyar b. Qarin (466-504h), AV Dinar Wishtahm b. Qarin (fl.510h), AV Dinar ‘Ali b. Shahriyar (511-534h), AV Dinar Rustam b. ‘Ali (c.534-557h), AV Dinar al-Hasan b. Rustam (c.557-567h), AV Dinar
VF $300 $600 $300 Extremely rare $400 $600 $600
‘IMRANID
1690
1690 Muhadhdhab al-dawla (376-408h), AR Dirham
$300
RAWWADID 1691
Muhammad b. Husayn (c.378-407h), AR Dirham
$500
HADHABANI KURDS 1692 1693
Abu’l-Hayja b. Rabib al-dawla (fl.425h), BI Dirham Jastan b. Rabib al-dawla (fl.451-452h), BI Dirham
$200 $250
AMIRS OF YUN 1694
Muhammad II Pakh (fl.424-432h), AR Dirham
$600
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
GHAZNAVID
175
1695
Ibrahim b. ‘Abd al-Ghaffar (c.338-345h), Æ Fals
VF $125
1696
1696 Sebuktekin (366-387h), AV Dinar
$400
1697 1698 1699
1697 - AR Dirham, broad flan - AR Dirham, small flan Isma‘il (387-388h), AR Dirham
1700 1701
1700 Mahmud, as Samanid governor (384-389h), AV Dinar (common mint: Nishapur) - AR multiple Dirham
1702
- AR Dirham
1698
1702
$125 $40 $75
$400 $125
$60
176
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1704 1705
1703 Mahmud (389-421h), AV Dinar (common mints: Ghazna, Nishapur, Herat) - AR multiple Dirham - AR Dirham, broad flan
1706
- AR Dirham, small flan
1703
1706
VF $275 $75 $75
$25
1710 1711 1712 1713
1707 - AR Dirham, bilingual type - Æ Fals, large flan Nasr b. Sebuktekin, governor in Sijistan (c.400-412h), AR Dirham Muhammad, as governor in Juzjan (fl.414h), AR Dirham Muhammad, 1st reign (421h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
$125 $500 $200 $300
1714 1715
1714 Mas‘ud I (421-432h), AV Dinar (common mints: Ghazna, Nishapur) - AR double Dirham
$300 $125
1707 1708 1709
$125 $150 $200
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
177
1716 1717
1716 - AR Dirham - BI Dirham, bull & horseman type
1718 1719 1720
1718 Mawdud (432-440h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - BI Jital
1721 1722 1723
1721 ‘Abd al-Rashid (440-443h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - BI Jital
$500 $60 $40
1724 1725 1726 1727 1728 1729 1730
1724 Tughril (443-444h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham Farrukhzad (444-451h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - BI Jital Ibrahim (451-492h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
$800 $250 $400 $40 $25 $250 $25
VF $40 $60
1720
$400 $50 $25
178
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1731 1732 1733 1734 1735 1736 1737 1738 1739 1740 1741 1742
1731 - BI Jital Mas‘ud III (492-508h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - BI Jital Malik Arslan (509-511h), BI Jital Bahramshah (511-552h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - BI Jital Khusrawshah (552-555h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - BI Jital Khusraw Malik (555-582h), AR Dirham
1743
- BI Jital
1743
VF $25 $400 $40 $25 $40 $300 $25 $25 $400 $40 $40 $75
$25
PROTO-QARAKHANID 1744
Malik Aram Yinal Qaraj, Æ Cash
$400
QARAKHANID Fedorov, M., ‘The Qysmychi Hoard of Qarakhanid Dirhams (1002-1021)’, Numismatic Chronicle, 2000
1745
1745 Nasr b. ‘Ali (c.383-403h), AV Dinar
$600
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
179
1746
VF $150
1746
- AR Dirham
1747 1748
1747 - Æ Fals Ahmad b. ‘Ali (c.384-407h), AR Dirham
1749
- Æ Fals
1750 1751 1752
1750 Ahmad b. Nasr (fl.389-404h), AR Dirham Nasr b. al-Qasim (fl.391-392h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals
1749
$75 $200
$75
$150 $400 $200
180
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1753
1753 Muhammad b. ‘Ali (c.393-415h), AR Dirham
VF $150
1754 1755 1756
1754 - Æ Fals Bakr b. al-Hasan (fl.393-400h), Æ Fals Yusuf b. ‘Abd Allah, 1st reign (394-396h), Æ Fals
$75 $150 $75
1757 1758 1759 1760
1757 - Æ Fals, lion on obverse Yusuf b. Harun (c.395-423h), AR Dirham - AR fractional Dirham - Æ Fals
$150 $200 $300 $200
1761
1761 Nizam al-dawla (fl.399-404h), AR Dirham
$150
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
181
1762
VF $125
1762
- Æ Fals
1763 1764 1765 1766 1767
1763 Yusuf b. ‘Abd Allah, 2nd reign (403-405h), Æ Fals Mansur b. ‘Ali (403-415h), AR Dirham al-Husayn b. al-Hasan (fl.404-418h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals al-Husayn b. Mansur (fl.406-407h), AR Dirham
$100 $150 $250 $150 $250
1768 1769
1768 - Æ Fals ‘Imad al-dawla Chaghri-Tegin (fl.407-417h), AR Dirham
$125 $300
1770 1771 1772 1773
1770 Ibrahim b. Nasr, as governor (c.408-431h), Æ Fals ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Mansur (fl.409h), Æ Fals Ahmad b. Muhammad (fl.411h), Æ Fals ‘Ali b. Nasr (fl.411h), Æ Fals
$125 $200 $150 $250
182
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
VF
1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1784 1785
1774 ‘Ali b. al-Hasan (411-426h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals Ahmad b. al-Hasan (fl.413-414h), Æ Fals al-‘Abbas b. Muhammad (fl.415-433h), AR Dirham Kujtegin (fl.416-425h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals Yusuf b. ‘Ali (416-433h), Æ Fals Sulayman b. Harun (fl.416-426h), Æ Fals Muhammad b. Yusuf (421-449h), AR Dirham - BI Dirham Rukn al-dawla (fl.421-423h), Æ Fals Muhammad b. al-Hasan, 2nd reign (428-433h), AR Dirham
$250 $150 $200 $250 $150 $200 $150 $150 $250 $200 $250 $300
1786 1787 1788
1786 Ibrahim b. Nasr (431-460h), Æ Fals Rukn al-din Mas‘ud (556-566h), AV Dinar - Æ Dirham
$100 $750 $60
1789 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794
1789 Ibrahim b. al-Husayn, at Uzkand (551-574h), Æ Dirham Nasr b. al-Husayn (fl.564-568h), Æ Dirham Muhammad b. Mas‘ud (566-574h), Æ Dirham Malik Yaghan Khan (c.573-574h), Æ Dirham Ibrahim b. al-Husayn, as Khan (574-599h), AV Dinar Jalal al-din Muhammad (fl.574-598h), Æ Dirham
$125 $150 $100 $200 $600 $300
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA 1795 1796 1797
Khusrawshah (c.576-583h), Æ Dirham Tughril Khaqan (fl.586-591h), Æ Dirham, small flan ‘Imad al-din Ulugh Akdash (fl.596-602h), Æ Dirham
1798
1798 Sulayman Tafghaj Khan, Æ Dirham
183 VF $200 $250 $150
$75
QARAKHANID VASSALS 1799 1800
Mansur b. Ahmad (fl.382-389h), Æ Fals Muhammad b. Mansur (fl.391-395h), Æ Fals
$100 $75
1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810
1801 Muzaffar Kiya (fl.395-406h), AR Dirham Salar b. Muhammad (fl.399h), Æ Fals Il-Kulug (fl.404h), Æ Fals Irtash (c.404-406h), Æ Fals Ilyas Hajjaj (fl.405h), Æ Fals Bars Oga (fl.406h), Æ Fals Bektuzun (fl.415h), Æ Fals Chaghri Subashi Uka (fl.417-426h), Æ Fals Anonymous, BI Dirham - Æ Fals
$150 $125 $150 $150 $150 $250 $250 $150 $100 $50
GREAT SELJUQ
1811
1811 Tughril Beg (429-455h), AV Dinar (common mint: Nishapur)
$300
184
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA VF $1000 $250
1812 1813
- AR Dirham Chaghri Beg Da’ud (431-452h), AR Dirham
1814 1815
1814 Ibrahim b. Inanj Yabghu (c.434-441h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
1816
Bayghu (fl.434-448h), AV Dinar
1817 1818 1819 1820
1817 1818 Alp Arslan, as governor at Herat (c.450-455h), AV Dinar - as sultan (455-465h), AV Dinar Takash Beg (c.454-477h), AV Dinar Arslan Shah, in Fars (c.458-461h), AV Dinar
1821 1822
1821 - in Marw (c.464-467h), AV Dinar Malikshah (465-485h), AV Dinar, fine gold
1815
1816
$1200 $600
$400
$300 $300 $300 Extremely rare
$300 $300
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
185
1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828
1823 - AV Dinar, pale gold - AV fractional Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Fals Toghanshah (c.465-475h), AV Dinar Mahmud I (485-487h), AV Dinar
VF $250 $750 $300 $125 $300 $750
1829
1829 Arslan Arghu (486-490h), AV Dinar
$400
1830 1831 1832
1830 Barkiyaruq (486-498h), AV Dinar Tutush b. Alp Arslan (fl.487-488h), AV Dinar Sanjar, as viceroy under Barkiyaruq (490-492h), AV Dinar
1833 1834
Muhammad I (492-511h), AV Dinar Sanjar, as viceroy under Muhammad I (492-511h), AV Dinar
$300 $1500 $400
1833 $300 $300
186
1835 1836
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1835 Sanjar (511-552h), AV Dinar Mahmud b. Muhammad (549-557h), AR Dinar
VF $300 Extremely rare
SELJUQ OF HAMADAN
1837 1838
1837 Shams al-Ma‘ali Chaghri Takin (fl.467-484h), AV Dinar Sayf al-dawla Inanj Beg (fl.486-491h), AV Dinar
$300 $500
SELJUQ OF WESTERN IRAN
1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846
1839 Mahmud II (511-525h), AV Dinar Da’ud (525-526h), AV Dinar Tughril II (526-529h), AV Dinar Mas‘ud (529-547h), AV Dinar Malikshah III (547-548h), AV Dinar Muhammad II (548-555h), AV Dinar Sulayman Shah, as viceroy (c.525-556h), AV Dinar Arslan (556-571h), AV Dinar
$400 Extremely rare $500 $500 Extremely rare $500 $500 $300
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
187
SELJUQ OF KIRMAN
1847 1848
1847 Qara Arslan (440-465h), AV Dinar - AV ¼-Dinar
VF $400 $500
1849 1850
1849 - AR Dirham Sultanshah (467-477h), AV Dinar
$600 $750
1851 1852
1851 Turanshah I (477-490h), AV Dinar Arslanshah I (495-537h), AV Dinar, base gold
$500 $300
AMIRS OF NISHAPUR 1853 1854
Ay-Aba (556-567h), AV Dinar Toghanshah (567-581h), AV Dinar
$500 $500
ILDEGIZID 1855 1856
Shams al-din Ildegiz (531-571h), BI Dirham - Æ Fals
$75 $60
188
1857 1858 1859 1860
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
VF $60 $150 $60 $80
1857 Pahlawan Muhammad (571-582h), Æ Fals Qizil Arslan ‘Uthman (582-587h), Æ Fals Abu Bakr b. Muhammad (587-607h), Æ Fals Uzbek b. Muhammad (607-622h), Æ Fals
ILDEGIZID VASSALS 1861
Badkin b. Muhammad (c.600h), Æ Fals
$80
SULAMID 1862 1863 1864
Muzaffar b. Muhammad (c.530-555h), Æ Fals Bikbars b. Muzaffar (566-585h), Æ Fals ‘Abd al-Malik b. Bikbars (585-600h), Æ Fals
$100 $100 $150
KHAQANID 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869
Salar b. Yazid (441-455h), BI Dirham Fariburz I b. Salar (c.455-489h), BI Dirham Minuchihr III b. Afridun (c.514-555h), BI Dirham Akhsatan I b. Minuchihr (c.555-593h), Æ Dirham Shahanshah b. Minuchihr (c.575-600h), Æ Dirham
1870 1871 1872 1873
1870 Fariburz II b. Afridun (c.583-600h), Æ Fals Gershasp b. Farrukhzad (c.600-630h), Æ Fals Fariburz III b. Gershasp (c.622-641h), Æ Fals Akhsatan III b. Fariburz III (c.653-665h), Æ Fals
$200 $125 $100 $100 $200
1871
$125 $75 $100 $250
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
PISHKINID 1874 1875
189 VF $100 $75
Pishkin II (c.591-601h), Æ Dirham Mahmud b. Pishkin (c.608-623h), Æ Dirham
BATINID (Assassins of Alamut)
1876 1877 1878
1876 Muhammad I (532-557h), AV fractional Dinar temp. al-Hasan II (557-561h), AV fractional Dinar ‘Ala al-din Muhammad III (618-653h), AV Dinar
1879 1880 1881
1879 - AV fractional Dinar - AR Dirham - AR fractional Dirham
1881
$2500 $4000 $4000
$2000 Extremely rare $1200
ATABEGS OF FARS 1882
Saljuqshah (c.517-524h), AV Dinar
$500
1883 1884
1883 Mankubars (c.524-533h), AV Dinar Boz-Aba (c.533-543h), AV Dinar
$500 $500
190
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
SALGHURID
1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890
1885 Sunqur (543-556h), AV Dinar Zangi (556-570h), AV Dinar Takla (570-590h), AV Dinar Tughril b. Sunqur (c.570-599h), AV Dinar Abu Bakr (628-658h), AR Dirham - Pb Fals
VF $400 $300 $400 $1000 $800 $1000
1891 1892 1893 1894 1895
1891 Abish bint Sa‘d (663-684h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - AR Dirham, with Chinese character Bao - Æ Fals - Æ Fals, with Chinese character Bao
$400 $150 $1500 $125 $750
KHWARIZMSHAHS 1896 1897 1898
Atsiz (521-551h), AV Dinar Il-Arslan (551-567h), AV Dinar Takash (567-596h), AV Dinar
$500 $400 $300
1899 1900
1899 ‘Ala al-din Muhammad (596-617h), AV Dinar - AV Dinar, base gold, small flan
$250 $80
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
191
1901
VF $75
1901
- AR Dirham
1902 1903
- Æ Dirham - Æ Fals
1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910
1904 - Æ Jital Jalal al-din Mangubarni (617-628h), AV Dinar - AR double Dirham - AR Dirham - BI Dirham, broad flan - Æ Fals - Æ Jital
1902
$50 $40
$25 Extremely rare $600 $300 $400 $150 $50
AMIR OF BALKH 1911
Abu’l-Mujahid Muhammad (fl.617-618h), Æ Dirham
$80
AMIRS OF WAKHSH 1912 1913
‘Imad al-din Abu Bakr (c.597-609h), AV Dinar ‘Arabshah b. Abu Bakr (c.609-618h), AV Dinar
$500 $750
192
1914
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1914 Abu’l-‘Abbas Muhammad b. Ahmad (fl.618h), AV Dinar
VF $250
GHORID 1915 1916
Ghiyath al-din Muhammad b. Sam (558-599h), AV Dinar - Æ Jital
1917 1918
1917 1918 Mu‘izz al-din Muhammad b. Sam (567-602h), AV Dinar - AV Stater
1919 1920
- AR Dirham - Æ Jital
1921 1922
1921 Ghiyath al-din Mahmud (602-609h), AV Dinar - Æ Jital
1919
Extremely rare $50
$400 $200
$75 $25
$400 $50
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1923 1924 1925
1923 Taj al-din Yildiz (602-612h), AV Dinar, fine gold - AV Dinar, base gold - AR Dirham
1926
- Æ Jital
1926
193
VF $500 $250 $80
$30
GHORID OF BAMIYAN
1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932
1927 Fakhr al-din Mas‘ud (540-558h), AR Dinar Shams al-din Muhammad (558-588h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham Baha’ al-din Sam (588-602h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham - BI Jital
$200 $750 $80 $500 $50 $50
1933 1934 1935
1933 Jalal al-din ‘Ali (602-611h), AV Dinar - BI Dirham - Æ Jital
$500 $125 $50
194
PRE-MONGOL IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
QARLUGHID
1936 1937 1938
1936 al-Hasan Qarlugh (621-647h), AR Tanka - Æ Jital Nasir al-din Muhammad (647-658h), AR Dirham
1939
- Æ Jital
4
1939
Stephen Album Rare Coins, Auction 17, 19-21 September 2013, lot 546
VF $150 $25 Extremely rare4
$25
IRAN, AFGHANISTAN, & CENTRAL ASIA AFTER THE MONGOL INVASION The lands conquered by the Mongols were soon divided between three dynasties, each founded by descendants of Chingiz (Genghis) Khan: the Chaghatayids in Central Asia, the Golden Horde in Khwarizm and southern Russia, and the Ilkhanids in Iran. The Chagatayids ruled until the rise of Timur in the late 8th century AH, and the Golden Horde until the early 10th century when their already much-reduced empire was conquered by the Giray Khans of the Crimea. Finally, the Ilkhanid empire lasted until the mid 8th century, after which Iran was once more divided into various smaller states. This was only temporary, however, because Timur conquered most of Iran by the end of the 8th century. The Timurid empire briefly spanned all of Iran and Central Asia, but their control began to weaken in the mid 9th century, and the Qara Qoyunlu and Aq Qoyunlu were able to take power in western Iran while a smaller Timurid kingdom remained in the east. In the early 10th century the Safavids conquered the Aq Qoyunlu kingdom and would go on to unite Iran once more. Album, S., Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean, Volume 9: Iran after the Mongol Invasion, Oxford, 2001
GREAT MONGOL
1940
1940 Chingiz Khan (603-624h), AV Dinar
1941 1942 1943 1944 1945
- AR Dirham - BI Dirham, broad flan temp. Chingiz Khan, AV Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Dirham
1946
- Æ Jital
1941
1946
VF $5000
$1000 $1500 $1000 $500 $200
$100
196
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1947
1947 temp. Ögedei (624-639h), AV Dinar
1948 1949
1948 - AR Dirham Mas‘ud al-Khwarizmi (fl.638-667h), Æ Fals
1950 1951 1952 1953 1954
1950 temp. Töregene (639-644h), AR Dirham, archer type - AR ½-Dirham, archer type temp. Güyük (644-647h), AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham Möngke (649-658h), AV Dinar
1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961
1955 - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - Æ Dirham - Æ Fals - Æ Jital temp. Arigh Buqa (658-662h), AR Dirham Anonymous, AR Dirham
1
Stephen Album Rare Coins, Auction 18, 16-18 January 2014, lot 547
VF $5000
$500 $150
$2500 $800 $1000 $600 $1500
$300 Extremely rare1 $250 $400 $150 $1000 $80
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA 1962 1963 1964
197
VF Extremely rare $250 $125
- AR ½-Dirham - Æ Dirham - Æ Jital
MALIK OF KURZUWAN
1965
Anonymous, Æ Jital
1965
$75
CHAGHATAYID 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
temp. Chaghatay (624-639h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham temp. Qara Hulagu (639-645h), AR Dirham temp. Yesu Möngke (645-650h), AR Dirham temp. Orqina Khatun (650-659h), AR Dirham
1971 1972 1973
1971 temp. Alughu (659-664h), AR Dirham temp. Baraq (664-670h), AR Dirham Anonymous, AR Dirham, undated
1974 1975 1976 1977 1978
1974 temp. Tuqa Timur (c.670-690h), AR Dirham temp. Duwa Khan (c.690-706h), AR Dirham Qutlugh Khwaja (fl.697-698h), Æ Jital temp. Isan Buqa (708-718h), AR Dirham Kibak Khan (718-726h), AR Dinar
$7500 $800 $500 $500 $300
$300 $600 $200
1976
$150 $250 $40 $250 $250
198
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986
1979 - AR 1/6-Dinar temp. Ilchigiday (726-727h), AR Dinar - AR 1/6-Dinar Tarmashirin (726-734h), AR Dinar, in his name - AR Dinar, anonymous - AR 1/6-Dinar Sanjar (731-734h), AR Dinar Changshi (734-737h), AR 1/6-Dinar
VF $75 $300 $125 $300 $200 $150 $300 $125
1987 1988 1989 1990
1987 Yesun Timur (737-741h), AR Dinar - AR 1/6-Dinar Muhammad (741-742h), AR Dinar Khalil (742-744h), AR Dinar
$125 $150 $500 $250
1991 1992 1993 1994
1991 Qazan Timur (744-747h), AR Dinar Dashmand Shah (747-749h), AR Dinar Buyan Quli Khan (749-760h), AR Dinar - AR 12-Dirhams
$250 $250 $150 $275
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
199
1995
VF $150
1995
- AR 6-Dirhams
1996
- AR ¼-Tanka
1997
- AR Quhistani Dinar
1998 1999 2000
1998 Shah Timur (fl.760h), AR Dinar Tughluq Timur (c.760-765h), AR Dinar - AR 1/6-Dinar
1996
1997
$50
$200
$400 $400 $200
200
2001 2002 2003
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2001 Qabul Khan (fl.767-769h), AR 1/6-Dinar Suyurghatmish (771-790h), AR 1/6-Dinar Anonymous, Æ Fals
VF $150 $300 $100
SHAHS OF BADAKHSHAN
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
2004 Dawlatshah (fl.690-693h), AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham Arghunshah (fl.706-711h), AR Dirham Sultan Bakht (fl.711-715h), AR Dirham ‘Alishah II (fl.717-718h), AR Dirham Shah Baha’ al-din (fl.745-761h), AR Dinar Kebeki Bahramshah (fl.769-776h), AR 1/6-Dinar
$200 $250 $300 $250 $150 $400 $100
GOLDEN HORDE 2011
Anonymous, AR Dinar, citing the caliph al-Nasir
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
2012 - AR Dirham, citing Möngke - AR Dirham, citing Arigh Buqa - AR Dirham - AR ½-Dirham - AR 1/5-Dirham - Æ Pul, citing Möngke Nusrat al-din Berke (655-665h), AR Yarmaq - Æ Fals Mangu Timur (665-679h), AR Dirham
$500
$150 $500 $100 $150 $100 $200 $1500 $200 $200
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
201
2021 2022
2021 Toda Mangu (679-686h), AR Dirham, in his name - AR Dirham, anonymous
VF $150 $150
2023 2024
2023 Töle Buqa (686-689h), AR Dirham, in his name - AR Dirham, anonymous
$150 $125
2025 2026
Toqtu (689-712h), AR Dirham - Æ Pul
2027 2028
2027 Muhammad Uzbek (712-742h), AR Dirham - Æ Pul
2029 2030
Jani Beg (742-758h), AR Dinar - AR ¼-Tanka
2025
2029
$100 $100
$60 $75
$150 $100
202
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
VF $50 $100
2031
2031 2032
- AR Dirham - Æ Pul
2033 2034
2033 Birdi Beg (758-761h), AR Dirham Qulna Khan (760-761h), AR Dirham
2034
2035 2036 2037
2035 Nawruz Beg (760-761h), AR Dirham Khizr Khan (760-762h), AR Dirham Timur Khwaja Khan (762h), AR Dirham
2036
2038 2039
2038 Kildi Beg (762-763h), AR Dirham - Æ Pul
$125 $100
2040 2041
2040 Murid Khan (762-764h), AR Dirham Khayr Pulad Khan (764h), AR Dirham
$125 $200
$75 $125
$100 $75 $200
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2042
203
VF Extremely rare
2042
- Æ Pul
2043 2044 2045
2043 ‘Abd Allah Khan (762-771h), AR Dirham ‘Aziz Shaykh (766-768h), AR Dirham Urus Khan (fl.770-779h), AR Dirham
2046 2047 2048 2049 2050
2046 2048 Muhammad Bulaq Khan (771-782h), AR Dirham Tulun Beg (773h), Æ Pul Toqtamish (778-797h), AR Dirham - Æ Pul Tulak (fl.782h), AR Dirham
$75 $150 $50 $125 $200
2051 2052 2053 2054
2051 Beg Pulad Khan (792-794h), AR Dirham Tashtimur (fl.796-799h), AR Dirham Timur Qutlugh (797-803h), AR Dirham Shadi Beg (803-810h), AR Tanka
$250 $250 $150 $250
2055 2056 2057 2058 2059
2055 - AR Dirham Pulad Khan (810-813h), AR Dirham Timur Khan (813-814h), AR Dirham Ulugh Muhammad (821-828h), AR Dirham Beg Sufi (fl.822-824h), AR Dirham
$125 $100 $250 $100 $250
2044
$75 $150 $250
204 2060 2061 2062
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA Dawlat Birdi Khan (827-840h), AR Dirham Mustafa Khan (fl.847h), AR Dirham Anonymous, Æ Pul
VF $125 $250 $25
KHANATE OF SAQCHI 2063
Noghay (d. 699h), AR Dirham
$500
ILKHANID Diler, O., Ilkhans: Coinage of the Persian Mongols, Istanbul, 2006 2064
Hulagu (654-663h), AV Dinar, citing Möngke as overlord
2065
2065 - AR Dirham, citing Möngke as overlord
2066 2067
- AR Dirham - Æ Fals
2068
Abaqa (663-680h), AV Dinar
2066
2068
$2500
$300
$80 $75
$600
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2069 2070 2071 2072 2073
2069 - AV Dinar, citing Möngke as overlord - AR Dirham - AR Dirham, lion on obverse - Æ Fals - Æ Jital
2074
Anonymous, AR Dirham
2075 2076 2077 2078
2075 Ahmad Tekudar (681-683h), AR Dirham - Æ Fals Arghun (683-690h), AV Dinar - AV Dinar, hawk on reverse
2079 2080 2081
2079 - AR Dirham, standard type - AR Dirham, hawk on reverse - AR Dirham, lion on obverse
205
VF $2500 $125 $300 $50 $250
2074
$75
$150 $100 $500 $2500
2080
$60 $100 $250
206
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2082
2082 2083 2084 2085
- AR Dirham, local types - AR ½-Dirham - AR ¼-Dirham - Æ Fals
2086
Gaykhatu (690-694h), AV Dinar
2087 2088 2089 2090
- AR Dirham - AR Dirham, lion on reverse - Æ Fals Baydu (694h), AV Dinar
2091 2092 2093 2094 2095
2091 - AR Dirham - Æ Fals Ghazan Mahmud (694-703h), AV Dinar, pre-reform - AR Dirham, pre-reform - AV Dinar, post-reform
2086
2087
VF $80 $125 $100 $50
$400
$60 $200 $100 $500
$100 $150 $500 $80 $400
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2096
2096 - AV Dinar, post-reform, with additional marginal legends on both sides
2097
- AR Dinar, post-reform
2098
- AR 2-Dirhams, post-reform
2099 2100 2101 2102 2103 2104 2105
2099 - AR Dirham, post-reform - AR ½-Dirham, post-reform - AR Dirham, local types - Æ Fals - Æ ‘Adliya Uljaytu (703-716h), AV Dinar, type A - AR 6-Dirhams, type A
2097
2098
207
VF $3000
$1000
$60
$40 $150 $100 $50 $300 $800 $1500
208
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2106 2107 2108
2106 - AR 2-Dirhams, type A - AR Dirham, type A - AR ½-Dirham, type A
2109
- AV Dinar, type B
2110
- AR 6-Dirhams, type B
2111 2112 2113
- AR 2-Dirhams, type B - AR Dirham, type B - AV Dinar, type C
2107
2109
2110
2111
VF $80 $50 $250
$600
$150
$50 $50 $500
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
209
2114
VF $125
2114
- AR 6-Dirhams, type C
2115
2115 - AR 6-Dirhams, type C, with additional marginal legends on both sides
$300
2116 2117 2118 2119 2120 2121 2122 2123 2124 2125
2116 - AR 2-Dirhams, type C - AR Dirham, type C - AR ½-Dirham, type C - Æ Fals - Æ ‘Adliya Abu Sa‘id (716-736h), AV Dinar, type A - AR 2-Dirhams, type A - AR Dirham, type A - AV Dinar, type B - AR 6-Dirhams, type B
$40 $40 $125 $30 $100 $750 $100 $50 $500 $150
210
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2126
2126 2127
- AR 2-Dirhams, type B - AR Dirham, type B
2128
- AV Dinar, type C
2129
- AR 6-Dirhams, type C
2130
2130 - AR 6-Dirhams, type C, with additional marginal legends on both sides
2128
2129
VF $40 $50
$400
$125
$1500
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2131 2132
2131 - AR 2-Dirhams, type C - AR Dirham, type C
2133 2134
- AV Dinar, type D - AR 6-Dirhams, type D
2135 2136 2137 2138
2135 - AR 2-Dirhams, type D - AR Dirham, type D - AV Dinar, type E - AR 2-Dirhams, type E
2139
- AV Dinar, type F
2132
2133
VF $30 $40
$400 $125
2138
2139
211
$30 $30 $5000 $250
$400
212
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2140
- AR 6-Dirhams, type F
2141 2142 2143 2144
2141 - AR 2-Dirhams, type F - AR Dirham, type F - AV Dinar, type G - AR 6-Dirhams, type G
2145 2146 2147 2148
2145 - AR 2-Dirhams, type G - AR Dirham, type G - AV Dinar, type H - AR 6-Dirhams, type H
2149 2150 2151
- AR 2-Dirhams, type H - AR Dirham, type H - Æ Fals
2140
VF $150
2143
2148
2149
$25 $30 $400 $125
$25 $30 $500 $125
$25 $30 $80
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2152 2153
2152 Arpa Khan (736h), AV Dinar - AR 2-Dirhams
2153
2154 2155 2156 2157 2158
2154 Musa Khan (736-737h), AV Dinar - AR 2-Dirhams - Æ Fals Muhammad (736-738h), AV Dinar - AV ½-Mithqal
2155
2159 2160
2159 - AR 6-Dirhams - AR 4-Dirhams
2160
2161 2162 2163 2164
2161 - AR 2-Dirhams - AR Dirham - Æ Fals Taghay Timur (737-754h), AV Dinar
213
VF $8000 $500
$10,000 $500 $600 $2500 $1200
$80 $125
$30 $50 $50 $750
214
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2165 2166 2167 2168
2165 - AR 6-Dirhams - AR 4-Dirhams - AR 2-Dirhams - Æ Fals
2169 2170 2171
2169 Sati Beg (739h), AV Dinar - AR 2-Dirhams - Æ Fals
2172 2173
2172 Sulayman (739-746h), AV Dinar - AR 6-Dirhams
2174
- AR 4-Dirhams
2166
2170
2173
2174
VF $80 $80 $50 $50
$5000 $25 $100
$600 $50
$125
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
215
2175 2176 2177 2178 2179 2180 2181 2182
2175 - AR 2-Dirhams - AR Dirham - Æ Fals Jahan Timur (740-741h), AV Dinar - AR 2-Dirhams Anushiravan (745-757h), AV Dinar - AR 6-Dirhams - AR 4-Dirhams
VF $15 $75 $50 Extremely rare2 $100 $1500 $100 Extremely rare
2183 2184 2185 2186
2183 - AR 2-Dirhams - Æ Fals Ghazan II (757-758h), AR 6-Dirhams - AR 2-Dirhams
$40 $100 $150 $75
QUTLUGHKHANID
2187 2188 2189 2190 2191
2
2187 Qutlugh Turkan (655-681h), AV Dinar Suyurghatmish (681-693h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham Padishah Khatun (693-694h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
Morton & Eden Auction 54, 23 April 2012, lot 153
$800 $1200 $250 $1500 $300
216
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2192 2193
2192 Shah Jahan, 1st reign (694h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
2194
2194 Shah Sultan (694-702h), AR Dirham
2193
VF $1500 $300
$150
ATABEGS OF YAZD 2195 2196
Yusufshah (684-696h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
$1500 $150
ATABEGS OF SHABANKARA 2197
Isma‘il b. Muhammad (c.680h), AV Dinar
$1500
QALHATI AMIRS OF HORMUZ 2198 2199 2200 2201 2202 2203 2204 2205 2206
Nusrat Shah (c.677-689h), AV Dinar temp. Turanshah II (c.840-860h), AV fractional Dinar temp. Mas‘ud (860-871h), AV fractional Dinar Sayf al-din (913-919h), AR Dirham Turanshah III (919-928h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham Muhammad (928-941h), AV Dinar, countermarked type Turanshah IV (948-971h), AV Dinar - AR Dirham
Extremely rare $250 $500 $250 $300 $150 $500 $300 $150
CHUPANID 2207
3
Malik Ashraf (c.745-758h), AR Dinar
Stephen Album Rare Coins, Auction 10, 22-23 April 2011, lot 949
Extremely rare3
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
217
INJUYID
2208 2209
Abu Ishaq (743-757h), AV Dinar - AR Dinar
2208
VF $2500 $50
HAZARASPID
2210
2210 temp. Nur-Award (751-757h), AR Dinar
$60
MUZAFFARID 2211 2212
Muhammad b. al-Muzaffar (736-759h), AR Dinar Mahmud b. Muhammad (759-776h), AR Dinar
2213 2214 2215 2216
2213 Shah Shuja‘ (759-786h), AR 2-Dinars - AR Dinar - Æ Fals Zayn al-‘Abidin (786-789, 790-793h), AR 2-Dinars
2217
2217 Shah Mansur (790-795h), AR 2-Dinars
$50 $100
2214
$30 $25 $40 $40
$30
218
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
JALAYRID
2218 2219 2220
2219 temp. Shaykh Hasan (736-757h), AV Dinar - AR Dinar - AR 1/3-Dinar
2221 2222
2221 Shaykh Uways I (757-776h), AV Dinar - AR 2-Dinars
2223 2224 2225
- AR Dinar - AR Dinar, countermarked type - Æ Fals
2226 2227 2228 2229
2226 Sultan Husayn I (776-784h), AV Dinar - AR 2-Dinars - AR Dinar - AR Dinar, countermarked type
VF
$2000 $40 $50
2222
2223
$1500 $50
$25 $30 $40
2228
$2000 $40 $25 $50
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2230 2231 2232 2233
2230 Sultan Ahmad, 1st reign (784-795h), AV Dinar - AV fractional Dinar - AR 2-Dinars - AR Dinar
2234 2235 2236
2234 Sultan Ahmad, 2nd reign (807-813h), AR Tanka - AR 1/3-Tanka - AR 2-Dirhams
2232
219
VF $2000 $1500 $30 $30
$125 $75 $30
SUTAYID 2237
temp. Ibrahimshah (743-748h), AR 2-Dirhams
$75
BUKHTI KURDS 2238
‘Abd Allah b. ‘Abd Allah (c.820-830h), AR Tanka
$150
2239
2239 Badr al-din (c.870-880h), AR Tanka
$150
220
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
SHARAF KHANS
2240
2240 Sharaf b. Muhammad (c.815-820h), AR Tanka
VF $300
2241 2242
2241 Shams al-din b. Diya’ al-din (c.850h), AR Tanka Ibrahim b. Muhammad (fl.865-871h), AR Tanka
$300 $400
HUSAYNID 2243
temp. Sayyid Rida Kiya (798-829h), AR Tanka
$125
AFRASIYABID 2244 2245 2246
Anonymous, AV Dinar, in the name of al-Mahdi Muhammad - AR 6-Dirhams, in the name of al-Mahdi Muhammad - AR 4-Dirhams, in the name of al-Mahdi Muhammad
Extremely rare $125 $125
SARBADARID 2247
temp. Shams al-din ‘Ali (748-752h), AR Dinar
2248 2249 2250
2248 temp. Hasan Damghani (759-763h), AR 6-Dirhams - AR 2-Dirhams temp. ‘Ali Mu’ayyad (763-786h), AV Tanka
$300
$60 $40 Extremely rare
2251 2252 2253 2254 2255 2256
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
221
2251
VF $250 $40 $40 $50 $40 $30
- AV ½-Mithqal - AR 6-Dirhams - AR 4-Dirhams - AR 2-Dirhams - AR Dirham - Æ Fals
WALID
2257 2258 2259
2257 temp. Amir Wali (757-788h), AR 6-Dirhams - AR 4-Dirhams - AR 3-Dirhams
$30 $25 $40
TAGHAYTIMURID 2260 2261 2262
Pir Muhammad b. Luqman (790-812h), AR heavy Tanka - AR light Tanka - AR ½-Tanka
$250 $150 Extremely rare
KART 2263
Mu‘izz al-din Husayn (732-771h), AR ½-Tanka
$250
2264 2265
2264 - AR ¼-Tanka temp. Mu‘izz al-din Husayn, AR ½-Tanka
$150 $300
222
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2266
2266
- AR 12-Dirhams
2267 2268 2269 2270
2267 - AR 6-Dirhams - AR 3-Dirhams temp. Pir ‘Ali (771-784h), AV Mithqal - AR 12-Dirhams
2271
- AR Tanka
4
2271
Stephen Album Rare Coins, Auction 16, 17-18 May 2013, lot 644
VF $150
$150 $200 Extremely rare4 $150
$125
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
223
MEHRABANID
2272 2273 2274 2275 2276 2277
2272 Nasir al-din Muhammad b. Abi’l-Fath (659-718h), AR Dinar - Æ Fals (cast) al-Malik b. Nasr (c.670-680h), Æ Fals (cast) Nusrat al-din Muhammad (c.718-731h), AR Dinar Qutb al-din Muhammad I (731-747h), Æ Jital Yamin al-din Mahmud (751-753h), Æ Jital
2278 2279 2280 2281
2278 ‘Izz al-din Karman (753-784h), AV Tanka - AR Dinar - Æ Jital Qutb al-din Muhammad II (784-788h), AV Tanka
2282 2283
2282 Qutb al-din Muhammad ‘Ali (806-822h), AR Tanka - Æ Fals
VF $150 $150 $150 $250 $40 $75
$750 $250 $25 $1000
$200 Extremely rare
SUFID
2284
2284 temp. Husayn (762-774h), AV fractional Dinar
$300
224 2285 2286 2287 2288 2289
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA VF $100 $75 $400 $100 $75
- AR Dirham - Æ Pul temp. Yusuf (774-781h), AV fractional Dinar - AR Dirham - Æ Pul
TIMURID 2290
Timur (771-807h), AV fractional Dinar
2291
- AR Dinar Kebeki
2292 2293 2294 2295
- AR Tanka, pre-reform coinage - AR 4-Dinars, pre-reform - AR 2-Dinars, pre-reform - AR 4-Dirhams, pre-reform
2296 2297 2298 2299
2296 - AR Dirham, pre-reform - AR Akçe, pre-reform - AR Tanka, post-reform coinage - AR ¼-Tanka, post-reform
$800
2291
$200
2292
$150 $75 $60 $60
2298
$40 $60 $100 $125
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2300 2301 2302 2303 2304 2305 2306 2307 2308 2309
2300 - AR Tanka, countermarked type - Æ Fals Khalil Sultan (807-811h), AR Tanka - AR Tanka, countermarked type - AR ¼-Tanka Pir Muhammad b. Jahangir (807-808h), AR Tanka Iskandar (812-817h), AR Tanka - AR Tanka, countermarked type Pir Muhammad b. ‘Umar Shaykh (807-812h), AR Tanka Rustam (c.812-817h), AR Tanka
2310
Shahrukh (807-850h), AR Tanka
2311 2312 2313
2311 - AR Tanka, countermarked type - AR ¼-Tanka Qaydu (808-811h), AR ¼-Tanka
2314 2315
2314 Sultan Muhammad (850-855h), AR Tanka - AR Tanka, countermarked type
2301
2310
225
VF $50 $30 $200 $200 $75 $150 $125 $75 $150 $250
$25
2312
$25 $50 $200
$75 $75
226
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2316 2317 2318
2316 Abu Bakr (851h), AR Tanka ‘Ala al-dawla (851h), AR Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka
2319 2320
2319 Abu’l-Qasim Babur (851-861h), AR Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka
2321 2322 2323 2324
2321 Ulugh Beg I (851-853h), AR Tanka ‘Abd al-Latif (853-854h), AR Tanka ‘Abd Allah (854-855h), AR Tanka Abu Sa‘id (855-873h), AV ½-Mithqal
2325 2326 2327 2328
2325 - AR Tanka - AR Tanka, countermarked type - AR ¼-Tanka Sultan Ibrahim (861h), AR Tanka
5
Künker Auction 204, 12 March 2012, lot 1050
2317
VF $200 $150 $250
$40 $80
2323
2328
$125 $200 $80 Extremely rare5
$30 $40 $75 $275
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2329 2330
2329 Shah Mahmud (861-863h), AR Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka
2330
2331 2332 2333
2331 Sultan Husayn, 1st reign (862-864h), AR Tanka Sultan Husayn, 2nd reign (865-868h), AR Tanka Yadigar Muhammad (873-875h), AR Tanka, countermarked type
2334 2335
2334 Sultan Husayn, 3rd reign (873-911h), AR Tanka - AR Tanka, countermarked type
2336 2337 2338 2339 2340
2336 - AR ½-Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka - AR 2-Miri Ulugh Beg Kabuli (873-907h), AR Tanka, countermarked type Sultan Ahmad (873-899h), AR Tanka
2335
227
VF $100 Extremely rare
$200 $300 $125
$25 $25
$75 $100 $100 $150 $100
228
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2341
2341
- AR Tanka, countermarked type
2342 2343 2344 2345
2342 Sultan Mahmud, 2nd reign (873-900h), AR Tanka - AR Tanka, countermarked type Sultan Mas‘ud, at Hisar (899-906h), AR Tanka, countermarked type Baysunghur (900-903h), AR Tanka, countermarked type
2346
2346 Sultan ‘Ali (900-905h), AR Tanka, countermarked type
2347 2348 2349 2350
2347 Muhammad b. Husayn, rebel (903-906h), AR Tanka - AR Tanka, countermarked type Badi‘ al-Zaman, as rebel (c.905-908h), AR Tanka, countermarked type Faridun Husayn (911-912h), AR Tanka
VF $50
$125 $100 $125 $60
$75
$60 $50 $60 $300
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
229
2351 2352
2351 - AR Tanka, countermarked type Muhammad Muhsin Khan (911-912h), AR Tanka
VF $150 $300
2353
2353 Badi‘ al-Zaman (911-914h), AR 3-Tankas, countermarked type
$125
SHIRVANSHAHS 2354 2355 2356 2357 2358 2359 2360
temp. Kayka’us (745-774h), AR Dinar temp. Ibrahim I (784-821h), AR Tanka temp. Khalil Allah I (821-869h), AR Tanka Farrukhsiyar (869-906h), AR Tanka Ibrahim II (908-930h), AR Akçe Khalil Allah II (930-942h), AR Akçe Shahrukh (942-945h), AR Akçe
$50 $100 $40 $30 $30 $25 $75
QARA QOYUNLU
2361 2362 2363
2361 Qara Yusuf, 2nd reign (809-823h), AR Tanka - AR 1/3-Tanka - AR Akçe
2363
$150 $75 $75
230
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
2364 2365
2364 2365 Pir Budaq I (814-821h), AR ¼-Tanka Pir ‘Umar, rebel (822-823h), AR Akçe, countermarked type
2366 2367 2368
2366 Iskandar (823-841h), AR Tanka - AR Tanka, anonymous countermarked type temp. Aspan (837-844h), AR heavy Tanka
2369 2370
2369 - AR ¼-Tanka Jahanshah (841-872h), AR Tanka
2371 2372 2373
2371 - AR Tanka, countermarked type - AR ¼-Tanka Hasan ‘Ali (872-873h), AR Tanka, countermarked type
VF $50 $50
$50 $100 $400
2370
$200 $40
$50 $50 $50
AQ QOYUNLU 2374 2375 2376 2377
‘Uthman (780-839h), AR Akçe Hamza (839-848h), AR light Tanka - AR Akçe Jahangir (848-857h), Æ Fals
$80 $50 $200 $100
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
231
2378
VF $500 $30
2378 2379
Hasan (857-882h), AV Ashrafi - AR Tanka
2380 2381 2382 2383
2380 - AR Tanka, countermarked type - AR ¼-Tanka Khalil (882-883h), AR Tanka Ya‘qub (883-896h), AV Ashrafi
2384 2385 2386 2387 2388
2384 - AR Tanka - AR light Tanka - AR Tanka, countermarked type - AR ¼-Tanka Baysunghur (896-897h), AV Ashrafi
2386
2389 2390
- AR Tanka - AR 2/5-Tanka
2389
2390
2391
- AR Tanka, countermarked type
2381
2391
$30 $60 $200 $500
$30 $25 $25 $25 $600
$50 $40
$40
232
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA VF $500 $600 $30
2392 2393 2394
Rustam (897-902h), AV Ashrafi - AV Ashrafi, countermarked type - AR Tanka
2395 2396 2397
- AR Tanka, countermarked type - AR light Tanka - AR 2/5-Tanka
2398 2399 2400
2398 - AR 2/5-Tanka, countermarked type Ahmad (902-903h), AR Tanka Muhammad (903-905h), AR Tanka
$25 $50 $150
2401 2402 2403 2404 2405 2406 2407 2408 2409 2410
2401 - AR 1/5-Tanka, countermarked type Alvand (903-910h), AR Tanka - AR 2/5-Tanka Qasim (903-908h), AR Tanka - AR 2/5-Tanka Murad (905-914h), AR Tanka - AR light Tanka Anonymous, AR Tanka, countermarked type - AR 2/5-Tanka, countermarked type - Æ Fals
$30 $50 $30 $100 $50 $150 $40 $40 $30 $60
2395
$40 $30 $25
MUSHA‘SHA‘ 2411
Fallah b. al-Muhsin (fl.905-906h), AR ½-Tanka
$150
post-mongol IRAN, AFGHANISTAN & CENTRAL ASIA
233
AMIR OF QUNDUZ
2412 2413
2412 temp. Amir Khusraw (902-910h), Æ 2-Dinars - Æ Dinar, countermarked type
VF $50 $50
INDIA Although parts of Sind and the Punjab were under Muslim rule during the 3rd-5th centuries AH, the story of Muslim rule in India really begins with the Ghorid invasion of 587-588h and their capture of Dehli in 588h. After the death of the Ghorid ruler Mu‘izz al-din Muhammad in 602h, the Ghorid lands in India soon became independent from the rest of the Ghorid kingdom, and the Dehli sultanate was born. Bengal was initially ruled by governors on behalf of the Dehli sultans, but the influence of Dehli was gradually weakened and eventually Bengal also became an independent sultanate. In the mid-8th century AH the focus of the Dehli sultans on military campaigns in the north enabled local rulers in the south to found first the Sultanate of Madura and then the Bahmanid sultanate. The Dehli sultanate was further weakened by Timur’s invasion of India in 801h; this led to the foundation of the other four main sultanates of Jaunpur, Gujarat, Malwa, and Kashmir. The Indian sultanates were gradually subsumed into the nascent Mughal empire in the 10th century AH. Goron, S., & Goenka, J.P., The Coins of the Indian Sultanates, New Delhi, 2001
HABBARID OF SIND 2414 2415 2416 2417 2418 2419 2420 2421 2422 2423 2424
Da’ud, AR Damma ‘Abd al-Rahman, AR Damma ‘Abd Allah, AR Damma ‘Ali, AR Damma ‘Umar, AR Damma Khatam, AR Damma Yahya, AR Damma ‘Isa, AR Damma Muhammad, AR Damma Ahmad, AR Damma Ya‘qub Beg, AR Damma
VF $25 $15 $10 $10 $10 $25 $40 $40 $10 $10 $10
AMIRS OF MULTAN 2425 2426 2427 2428
Munabbih, AR Damma Asad (fl.305h), AR Damma Muhammad, AR Damma Shibl, AR Damma
$40 $40 $25 $10
SULTANS OF SIND 2429
Nasir al-din Qubacha (603-626h), BI Jital
$20
INDIA
235
SULTANS OF DEHLI
2430 2431 2432
2430 Shams al-din Iltutmish (607-633h), AR Tanka - BI Jital - Æ ‘Adli
VF $200 $10 $15
2433 2434
2433 Rukn al-din Firuz (633-634h), AR Tanka - BI Jital
$250 $25
2435 2436 2437
2435 Jalalat al-din Radiyya (634-637h), AR Tanka - BI Jital Mu‘izz al-din Bahram (637-639h), AV Tanka
1
Baldwin’s Auction 53, 25 September 2007, lot 1561
$400 $40 Extremely rare1
236
INDIA
2438 2439 2440
2438 - AR Tanka - BI Jital ‘Ala al-din Mas‘ud (639-644h), AV Tanka
2441 2442
- AR Tanka - BI Jital
2443 2444 2445 2446
2443 Nasir al-din Mahmud (644-664h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - BI Jital - Æ ‘Adli
$800 $60 $15 $15
2447
2447 Ghiyath al-din Balban (664-686h), AV Tanka
$600
2441
VF $250 $25 Extremely rare
$75 $15
INDIA
2448 2449 2450 2451 2452 2453
2448 - AR Tanka - BI Dugani - BI Jital - Æ Paika - Æ ‘Adli Mu‘izz al-din Kaiqubad (686-689h), AV Tanka
2454 2455 2456 2457 2458 2459
2454 - AR Tanka - BI 3-Gani - Æ Paika - Æ ‘Adli Shams al-din Kayumarth (689h), AR Tanka - Æ Paika
2460 2461 2462 2463 2464 2465
2460 Jalal al-din Firuz (689-695h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - BI Jital - Æ Paika - Æ ‘Adli Rukn al-din Ibrahim (695h), AV Tanka
2
Heritage ANA Auction, Chicago, 8 August 2014, lot 23321
237
VF $60 $15 $30 $15 $25 $600
$75 $15 $15 $25 $1500 $75
$800 $50 $15 $15 $25 Extremely rare2
238
INDIA
2466
2466 2467 2468 2469
- AR Tanka - BI Jital - Æ Paika - Æ ‘Adli
2470
2470 ‘Ala al-din Muhammad (695-715h), AV Tanka
2471 2472 2473 2474 2475 2476 2477 2478
2471 - AR Tanka - BI 6-Gani - BI 2-Gani - Æ Paika - Æ ‘Adli Shihab al-din ‘Umar (715-716h), AR Tanka - BI 6-Gani Qutb al-din Mubarak (716-720h), AV Tanka
VF $1500 $40 $40 $50
$600
$40 $15 $15 $15 $25 $1500 $50 $1000
INDIA
239
VF $2000
2479
2479
- AV square Tanka
2480
- AR Tanka
2481 2482 2483 2484 2485 2486 2487
2481 - AR square Tanka - BI 12-Gani - BI 8-Gani - BI 6-Gani - BI 4-Gani - Æ Paika - Æ ‘Adli
2488 2489
2488 Nasir al-din Khusru (720h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka
2480
$125
2483
$250 $30 $25 $15 $15 $30 $30
$3000 $1500
240
INDIA
2490
2490 2491 2492 2493
- BI 12-Gani - BI 6-Gani - BI 2-Gani - Æ Paika
2494
2494 Ghiyath al-din Tughluq (720-725h), AV Tanka
2495
- AR Tanka
2496 2497 2498 2499
- BI 6-Gani - BI 4-Gani - BI 2-Gani - Æ Paika
VF $50 $40 $30 $30
$800
2495
2496
$75
2497
$25 $15 $15 $15
INDIA
2500 2501 2502 2503 2504
2500 Muhammad b. Tughluq (725-752h), AV Dinar - AV Tanka - AV ‘Adli - AV ½-Dinar - AR Tanka
2505 2506 2507 2508 2509 2510 2511 2512 2513 2514 2515 2516
2505 - AR ‘Adli - AR ½-‘Adli - BI Tanka - BI 10-Gani - BI 8-Gani - BI 6-Gani - BI 2-Gani - Æ Tanka - Æ Nisfi (½-Tanka) - Æ Dirham - Æ Rab’i (¼-Tanka) - Æ Paika
2517
2517 Mahmud b. Muhammad (752h), AV Tanka
241
2501
2507
VF $1000 $600 $800 $1500 $125
$100 Extremely rare $30 $15 $15 $15 $15 $25 $25 $25 $25 $15
$1200
242
INDIA
2518 2519 2520 2521 2522 2523
2518 Firuz Shah Tughluq (752-790h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - BI Tanka - BI 32-Rati - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus
2520
2524 2525 2526 2527 2528
2524 Fath Khan, viceroy (fl.760-761h), AV Tanka - BI Tanka - BI 32-Rati Muhammad b. Firuz, regent (789-790h), BI Tanka - Æ Falus
2529 2530 2531 2532 2533
2529 Tughluq Shah II (790-791h), AV Tanka - BI Tanka - BI 5/6-Tanka - BI ½-Tanka - Æ Falus
$3000 $40 $25 $25 $30
2534
2534 Firuz Shah Zafar (791h), AV Tanka
$1500
2525
VF $800 Extremely rare $25 $15 $15 $15
$1000 $30 $30 $50 $25
INDIA 2535 2536 2537 2538 2539 2540 2541 2542 2543
- BI 5/6-Tanka - BI ½-Tanka - BI 1/3-Tanka Abu Bakr Shah (791-793h), AV Tanka - BI Tanka - BI 5/6-Tanka - BI 2/3-Tanka - BI ½-Tanka - BI 1/3-Tanka
2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 2554 2555 2556 2557 2558 2559 2560 2561 2562 2563 2564 2565 2566 2567 2568 2569 2570 2571 2572 2573 2574 2575 2576 2577
2544 Muhammad b. Firuz (792-795h), AV Tanka - BI Tanka - BI 5/6-Tanka - BI 1/3-Tanka - Æ Double Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus Sikandar Shah I (795h), Æ Double Falus - Æ Falus Mahmud b. Muhammad (795-815h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - BI Tanka - Æ Double Falus - Æ Falus Nusrat Shah (c.797-802h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - Æ Double Falus - Æ Falus temp. Daulat Khan Lodi (815-817h), AR Tanka - BI Tanka temp. Khidr Khan (817-824h), AR Tanka - BI Tanka - Æ Falus Mubarak Shah (824-837h), AV Tanka, in his own name - AR Tanka, in the name of Muhammad b. Firuz - AR Tanka, in his own name - BI Tanka, in the name of Firuz Shah Tughluq - Æ Double Falus - Æ Falus Muhammad b. Farid (837-849h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - BI Tanka - BI 32-Rati - Æ Double Falus
243 VF $30 $25 $25 $1500 $50 $30 $30 $30 $25
$1500 $50 $25 $30 $15 $25 $25 $40 $30 $1500 $250 $30 $25 $15 Extremely rare Extremely rare $40 $30 $400 $50 $300 $40 $30 Extremely rare $300 $1500 $25 $25 $25 $2500 $600 $30 $25 $25
244
INDIA
2578 2579 2580 2581 2582 2583 2584 2585 2586 2587 2588 2589 2590 2591
- Æ Falus ‘Ala al-din ‘Alam (849-855h), BI Tanka - Æ Falus Bahlul Shah (855-894h), BI Tanka - BI 32-Rati - Æ Double Falus - Æ Falus Sikandar Shah II (894-923h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - BI Tanka - BI 32-Rati - BI ¼-Tanka Ibrahim Shah (923-932h), BI ½-Tanka - BI ¼-Tanka
2592 2593 2594 2595 2596 2597 2598
2592 Sher Shah (945-952h), AR Rupee - AR Tanka - AR ½-Rupee - Æ Paisa - Æ ½-Paisa - Æ 1/8-Paisa - Æ 1/16-Paisa
2599 2600 2601 2602 2603
2599 Islam Shah (952-960h), AR Rupee - Æ Paisa - Æ ½-Paisa - Æ 1/8-Paisa Muhammad ‘Adil Shah (960-964h), AR Rupee
3 4
Baldwin’s Auction 53, 25 September 2007, lot 1614 Baldwin’s Auction 53, 25 September 2007, lot 1615
VF $25 $150 $40 $25 $15 $15 $10 Extremely rare3 Extremely rare4 $15 $15 $25 $20 $15
$75 $50 $300 $15 $25 $15 $10
$75 $15 $25 $15 $60
INDIA 2604 2605 2606 2607 2608 2609 2610
- Æ Paisa - Æ ½-Paisa Sikandar Shah III (961-962h), AR Rupee - Æ Paisa Ibrahim Shah (962h), AR Rupee - Æ Paisa - Æ ½-Paisa
245 VF $15 $25 $1000 $125 Extremely rare5 $300 $500
SULTANS OF BENGAL 2611 2612 2613 2614
Muhammad b. Sam, Ghorid sultan (600-602h), AV 20-Rati Rukn al-din ‘Ali Mardan (c.606-610h), AV 20-Rati - AR Tanka Shams al-din Iltutmish of Dehli, AR Tanka
2615
- AR Tanka, horseman type
2616 2617 2618 2619 2620 2621
2616 Ghiyath al-din ‘Iwad (c.610-624h), AR Tanka Radiyya of Dehli (634-637h), AR Tanka Mas‘ud of Dehli (639-644h), AR Tanka Anonymous, AR Tanka, in the name of the caliph al-Mustansir Mahmud of Dehli (644-664h), AR Tanka Mughith al-din Yuzbak (651-656h), AR Tanka
5
2615
Baldwin’s Auction 53, 25 September 2007, lot 1620
$2000 $2000 $1000 $200
$600
$300 $750 $750 $300 $150 $500
246
INDIA
2622 2623 2624
2622 Balban of Dehli (664-686h), AR Tanka Jalal al-din Mahmud (686h), AR Tanka Nasir al-din Mahmud (687-688h), AR Tanka
VF $125 $400 $200
2625
2625 Rukn al-din Kaikaus (689-700h), AR Tanka
$125
2626 2627 2628
2626 Shams al-din Firuz, 1st reign (700-716h), AR Tanka Shihab al-din Bughda (717-718h), AR Tanka Shams al-din Firuz, 2nd reign (719-720h), AR Tanka
$75 $150 $75
2629 2630 2631
2629 Ghiyath al-din Bahadur (720-724h), AR Tanka Nasir al-din Ibrahim (c.724-725h), AR Tanka Muhammad b. Tughluq of Dehli, AV Dinar
$100 $1000 $1500
INDIA
247
2632
VF $125 $30
2632 2633
- AR Tanka - Æ Tanka
2634
2634 Fakhr al-din Mubarak (734-750h), AR Tanka
2635
2635 ‘Ala al-din ‘Ali (740-746h), AR Tanka
2636
2636 Shams al-din Ilyas (743-758h), AV Tanka
$60
$125
$1500
248
INDIA
2637
VF $80 $300
2637 2638
- AR Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka
2639
2639 Sikandar b. Ilyas (758-792h), AV Tanka
$2000
2640 2641 2642 2643 2644
2640 - AR Tanka Ghiyath al-din A‘zam (792-813h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka Saif al-din Hamza (813-815h), AR Tanka
$75 $2000 $60 $150 $125
2645 2646 2647
2645 Shihab al-din Bayazid (815-817h), AR Tanka ‘Ala al-din Firuz I (817h), AR Tanka Jalal al-din Muhammad, 1st reign (818-819h), AR Tanka
$125 $300 $100
INDIA
249
2648 2649
2648 Danujamarddana Deva (819-821h), AR Tanka Mahendra Deva (821h), AR Tanka
2650 2651 2652 2653 2654
2650 Jalal al-din Muhammad, 2nd reign (821-836h), AR Tanka - AR Tanka, rev. lion Shams al-din Ahmad (836-837h), AR Tanka Qutb al-din A‘zam (c.837h), AR Tanka Nasir al-din Shahim (c.837h), AR Tanka
2655 2656
2655 Nasir al-din Mahmud (837-864h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka
$1000 $50
2657 2658 2659
2657 - AR Tanka, obv. lion Rukn al-din Barbak (864-879h), AR Tanka Shams al-din Yusuf (879-885h), AR Tanka
$500 $60 $75
VF $600 $750
$50 $1200 $250 $500 Extremely rare
250
INDIA
2660
2660 Jalal al-din Fath (886-893h), AV Tanka
2661 2662 2663 2664 2665
2661 - AR Tanka Ghiyath al-din Barbak (893h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka Saif al-din Firuz (893-896h), AR Tanka Qutb al-din Mahmud (896h), AR Tanka
2666 2667
2666 Shams al-din Muzaffar (896-899h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka
$5000 $150
2668
2668 ‘Ala al-din Husain (899-925h), AV Tanka
$1000
6
Baldwin’s Auction 89, 8 May 2014, lot 3086
VF $3000
$125 Extremely rare6 Extremely rare $75 $1200
INDIA
251
2669
VF $30
2669
- AR Tanka
2670
2670 Nasir al-din Nusrat (925-938h), AV Tanka
2671 2672 2673
- AR Tanka - AR ½-Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka
2674 2675 2676 2677 2678
2674 ‘Ala al-din Firuz II (938-939h), AR Tanka Ghiyath al-din Mahmud (939-945h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - AR ½-Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka
7
Baldwin’s Auction 89, 8 May 2014, lot 3093
2671
$1000
$30 $100 $50
$100 Extremely rare7 $30 $125 $100
252
INDIA
2679 2680
2679 Humayun, Mughal sultan (945h), AR Rupee - AR Tanka
VF $800 $400
2681 2682 2683
2681 Shams al-din Muhammad Ghazi (960-963h), AR Rupee - AR ½-Rupee Ghiyath al-din Bahadur (963-968h), AR Rupee
$300 $500 $50
2684
2684 Ghiyath al-din Jalal (968-971h), AR Rupee
2685
2685 Da’ud Shah (980-984h), AR Rupee
$75
$125
INDIA
SULTANS OF MADURA
253
2686 2687
Jalal al-din Ahsan (734-740h), AV Tanka - AV 1/3-Tanka
VF $5000 Extremely rare
2688 2689 2690 2691 2692 2693 2694 2695 2696 2697 2698 2699 2700 2701 2702 2703 2704 2705 2706
2688 - AR 1/3-Tanka - Æ Paisa ‘Ala al-din Adauji (740h), BI Jital - Æ Paisa Qutb al-din Firuz (740h), Æ Paisa Ghiyath al-din Muhammad Damghan (740-745h), AV Tanka - AV ½-Tanka - BI Jital - Æ Paisa Nasir al-din Mahmud Damghan (745-748h), BI Jital - Æ Paisa Shams al-din ‘Adil (748-760h), BI Jital - Æ Paisa - Æ ½-Paisa Fakhr al-din Mubarak (760-770h), BI Jital - Æ Paisa - Æ ½-Paisa ‘Ala al-din Sikandar (770-779h), Æ Paisa - Æ ½-Paisa
$150 $50 $200 $50 $250 $5000 Extremely rare $75 $40 $75 $50 $75 $30 $25 $150 $40 $15 $60 $30
BAHMANID 2707
Nasir al-din Isma‘il (747-748h), BI Jital
2708 2709 2710 2711
2708 ‘Ala al-din Bahman (748-760h), AR Tanka - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus Muhammad I (760-777h), AV Dinar
8
Baldwin’s Auction 53, 25 September 2007, lot 1678
$60
$200 $15 $10 Extremely rare8
254
INDIA
2712
2712
- AV Tanka
2713 2714 2715
- AR Tanka - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus
2716 2717 2718
2716 ‘Ala al-din Mujahid (777-779h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - Æ Falus
2719 2720 2721 2722 2723 2724
2719 Muhammad II (780-799h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - Æ Falus Ghiyath al-din Tahmatan (799h), AR Tanka - Æ Falus Shams al-din Da’ud II (799-800h), AR Tanka
9
VF $1500
2713
Baldwin’s Auction 53, 25 September 2007, lot 1684
$75 $15 $15
Extremely rare $400 $40
2720
$1000 $50 $20 Extremely rare $50 Extremely rare9
INDIA
255 VF $50 Extremely rare
2725 2726
- Æ Falus Taj al-din Firuz (800-825h), AV Tanka
2727 2728
- AR Tanka - Æ Falus
2729 2730 2731 2732
2729 Shihab al-din Ahmad I (825-838h), AR Tanka - Æ Gani - Æ ½-Gani - Æ Falus
$200 $40 $15 $15
2733
2733 ‘Ala al-din Ahmad II (838-862h), AV Tanka
$800
2734 2735
- AR Tanka - Æ Gani
2727
2734
$50 $15
$100 $25
256
INDIA
2736 2737 2738 2739 2740 2741 2742 2743 2744 2745 2746 2747 2748 2749 2750
- Æ 2/3-Gani - Æ ½-Gani - Æ 1/3-Gani - Æ 1/6-Gani ‘Ala al-din Humayun (862-866h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - Æ Gani - Æ 2/3-Gani - Æ ½-Gani - Æ 1/3-Gani Nizam al-din Ahmad III (866-867h), AV Tanka - Æ Gani - Æ 2/3-Gani - Æ ½-Gani - Æ 1/3-Gani
2751 2752 2753 2754 2755 2756 2757 2758 2759 2760 2761 2762 2763 2764 2765 2766 2767 2768 2769 2770 2771 2772 2773
2751 Shams al-din Muhammad III (867-887h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - Æ Gani - Æ 2/3-Gani - Æ ½-Gani - Æ 1/3-Gani - Æ 1/6-Gani Mahmud Shah (887-924h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - Æ Gani - Æ 2/3-Gani - Æ ½-Gani - Æ 1/3-Gani - Æ 1/6-Gani Wali Allah (929-932h), Æ Gani - Æ 2/3-Gani - Æ ½-Gani - Æ 1/3-Gani Kalim Allah (932-944h), Æ Gani - Æ 2/3-Gani - Æ ½-Gani - Æ 1/3-Gani - Æ 1/6-Gani
VF $25 $15 $15 $10 $1200 $250 $40 $30 $25 $25 Extremely rare $40 $30 $25 $25
$800 $100 $25 $25 $15 $15 $15 $1200 $150 $25 $15 $15 $25 $15 $30 $25 $25 $25 $30 $25 $25 $20 $15
INDIA
257
SULTANS OF JAUNPUR
2774 2775 2776 2777 2778
2774 Shams al-din Ibrahim (804-844h), AV Tanka - BI Tanka - BI 32-Rati - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus
VF $1500 $25 $20 $15 $10
2779 2780 2781 2782 2783 2784 2785 2786 2787 2788
2779 Nasir al-din Mahmud (844-861h), AV Tanka - BI Tanka - BI 32-Rati - Æ Double Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus Muhammad Shah (861-863h), BI Tanka - BI 32-Rati - Æ Double Falus - Æ Falus
$2000 $25 $20 $20 $15 $15 $40 $30 $25 $25
2789 2790 2791 2792 2793 2794 2795 2796
2789 Husain Shah (863-884h), AV Tanka - BI Tanka - BI 32-Rati - Æ Double Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus Barbak Shah (894-896h), Æ Double Falus - Æ Falus
$1500 $20 $25 $20 $15 $15 $40 $30
258
INDIA
SULTANS OF KALPI 2797
Fath al-din Jalal (c.837-842h), Æ Falus
VF $50
SULTANS OF GUJARAT 2798 2799 2800 2801 2802 2803 2804 2805 2806 2807 2808 2809 2810 2811 2812 2813
Shams al-din Muzaffar I (810-813h), AR Tanka - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus Nasir al-din Ahmad I (813-846h), AR Tanka - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus - Æ ¼-Falus Ghiyath al-din Muhammad II (846-855h), Æ 1½-Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus - Æ ¼-Falus Qutb al-din Ahmad II (c.855-863h), AR Tanka - BI Tanka - Æ 1½-Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus
$1500 $125 $40 $300 $15 $10 $10 $30 $15 $15 $15 $750 $15 $40 $15 $15
2814 2815
2814 Nasir al-din Mahmud I (c.863-917h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka
$1000 $75
2816 2817 2818 2819 2820 2821 2822
- AR ½-Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka - BI Tanka - Æ 1½-Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus - Æ ¼-Falus
2816
$30 $25 $25 $20 $15 $10 $15
INDIA
259
2823 2824 2825 2826 2827 2828 2829 2830 2831 2832 2833 2834 2835 2836
2823 Shams al-din Muzaffar II (917-932h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - AR ½-Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka - AR 1/8-Tanka - AR 1/16-Tanka - BI Tanka - BI ½-Tanka - Æ 2-Falus - Æ 1½-Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus - Æ ¼-Falus Nasir al-din Sikandar (932h), AV Double Tanka
VF $800 $50 $30 $40 $30 $100 $25 $30 $25 $20 $15 $15 $25 Extremely rare
2837 2838 2839 2840 2841 2842 2843 2844 2845 2846
2837 Qutb al-din Bahadur (932-943h), AV fractional Tanka - AR Tanka - AR 1/3-Tanka - AR 1/6-Tanka - BI Tanka - BI ½-Tanka - Æ 1½-Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus Muhammad Shah III (943-944h), AR Tanka
$500 $75 $40 $40 $25 $20 $20 $15 $10 Extremely rare
2847 2848 2849 2850 2851 2852
2847 Nasir al-din Mahmud III (944-961h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - AR ½-Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka - BI Tanka - Æ 1½-Falus
$1000 $30 $25 $25 $30 $20
260
INDIA VF $15 $10 $15
2853 2854 2855
- Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus - Æ ¼-Falus
2856 2857
2856 Ghiyath al-din Ahmad III (961-968h), AV Tanka - AR Double Tanka
2858 2859 2860 2861 2862
- AR Tanka - AR ½-Tanka - Æ 1½-Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus
2863 2864 2865 2866 2867 2868 2869 2870 2871
2863 2864 Shams al-din Muzaffar III, 1st reign (968-980h), AV Tanka - AR Tanka - AR ½-Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka - Æ 1½-Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus - Æ ¼-Falus Mughal Occupation (980-991h), AR ½-Tanka, in the name of Akbar
2858
$1000 $125
$50 $40 $20 $15 $10
$1000 $40 $25 $20 $20 $15 $15 $15 $150
INDIA
2872
261
2872 Shams al-din Muzaffar III, 2nd reign (991-992h), AR Rupee
VF $400
SULTANS OF MALWA 2873
Hisam al-din Hushang (808-838h), AV Tanka
2874 2875 2876 2877 2878
2874 - AR Tanka - Æ Falus Muhammad Shah I (838-839h), AR Tanka - Æ Falus ‘Ala al-din Mahmud I (839-873h), AV Dinar
2879 2880 2881 2882
2879 - AV Tanka - AR Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka, posthumous issue - AR 1/8-Tanka, posthumous issue
10
Baldwin’s Auction 45, 3 May 2006, lot 1291
$1000
$150 $15 Extremely rare $30 Extremely rare10
2881
$800 $100 $50 $40
262
INDIA
2883
2883 2884 2885 2886 2887 2888 2889
- BI Tanka - BI ½-Tanka - BI ¼-Tanka - BI 32-Rati - Æ 2-Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus
2890 2891 2892 2893 2894 2895 2896
2890 Ghiyath Shah, as heir (c.860-873h), AV Tanka - AV ½-Tanka - AR ½-Tanka - BI Tanka - Æ 2-Falus - Æ Falus Ghiyath Shah (873-906h), AV round Tanka
2897 2898 2899 2900 2901 2902 2903 2904 2905 2906
2897 - AV square Tanka - AR Nazarana Tanka (round) - AR ½-Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka - AR 1/8-Tanka - Æ 2-Falus - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus - Æ 1/3-Falus - Æ ¼-Falus
VF $50 $30 $40 $40 $20 $15 $20
$1000 Extremely rare $400 $250 $30 $25 $1000
2899
$800 $2500 $30 $25 $25 $40 $15 $10 $15 $10
INDIA
263
2907
2907 Nasir Shah (906-916h), AV Tanka
2908 2909
- AR Tanka - AR ½-Tanka
2908
2909
2910 2911 2912 2913 2914
2910 - AR ¼-Tanka - AR 1/8-Tanka - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus - Æ ¼-Falus
2911
2915
2915 Mahmud Shah II (916-937h), AV Tanka
2916 2917 2918 2919 2920 2921
2916 - AR Tanka - AR ½-Tanka - AR ¼-Tanka - AR 1/8-Tanka - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus
VF $1000
$50 $30
$30 $50 $15 $10 $10
$1000
2917
2919
$50 $30 $30 $50 $15 $10
264
INDIA
2922 2923 2924 2925 2926 2927 2928 2929 2930 2931 2932 2933 2934 2935 2936 2937
- Æ ¼-Falus Muhammad Shah II, pretender (917-922h), AR ½-Tanka - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus - Æ ¼-Falus Ibrahim Shah Lodi of Dehli (c.927-932h), AR ½-Tanka - Æ Falus Rana Sangram of Mewar (fl.931h), AR ½-Tanka - Æ Falus Bahadur Shah of Gujarat (937-943h), Æ 1½-Falus - Æ Falus Mahmud III of Gujarat (944-949h), Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus Muhammad b. Muzaffar (962-964h), AR Tanka - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus
2938 2939 2940
2938 Baz Bahadur (963-969h), AR Tanka - Æ Falus - Æ ½-Falus
VF $10 $60 $25 $25 $25 $400 $100 $250 $100 $15 $15 $15 $15 $100 $25 $15
$75 $15 $15
SULTANS OF KASHMIR
2941 2942 2943 2944 2945 2946
11
2941 temp. Sikandar Shah I (c.796-816h), Æ Falus Zain al-‘Abidin (823-874h), AV Dinar - AR Tanka - AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah - Æ ½-Kaserah
Baldwin’s Auction 50, 24 April 2007, lot 934
$125 Extremely rare11 $800 $50 $15 $20
INDIA
2947 2948 2949 2950 2951 2952 2953 2954 2955 2956 2957 2958
2959 2960 2961 2962 2963 2964 2965 2966 2967 2968 2969 2970 2971 2972 2973
12 13 14
2947 Haidar Shah (874-876h), AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah - Æ ½-Kaserah Hasan Shah (876-889h), AV Dinar - AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah - Æ ½-Kaserah Muhammad Shah (c.889-892, 904-910, 920-921, 923-934, 937-943h), AV Dinar - AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah - Æ ½-Kaserah Fath Shah (892-904, 910-920, 921-923h), AV Dinar
2959 - AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah - Æ ½-Kaserah Sikandar Shah (c.923h), AV Dinar - AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah Ibrahim Shah (c.934-936h), AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah Sa‘id Khan of Kashghar (939-940h), AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah Shams al-din II (c.943-945h), AR Sasnu Isma‘il Shah I (c.945-947h), AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah Nazuk Shah, 2nd reign (947-953h), AR Sasnu, in the name of Nadir - Æ Kaserah
The New York Sale XXV, 5 January 2011, lot 365 Baldwin’s Auction 89, 8 May 2014, lot 3158 Baldwin’s Auction 89, 8 May 2014, lot 3159
265
VF $75 $25 $30 Extremely rare12 $50 $15 $25 Extremely rare13 $50 $15 $25 $2500
$50 $15 $40 Extremely rare14 $75 $25 $50 $15 $75 $25 $75 $75 $25 $75 $25
266
INDIA
2976
2974 temp. Haidar Dughlat (953-957h), AR Sasnu, in the name of Humayun Nazuk Shah, 3rd reign (957-958h), AR Sasnu, in the name of Nadir Isma‘il Shah II (961-962h), AR Sasnu
$150
2977 2978 2979 2980 2981
2977 Habib Shah (962h), AR Sasnu, in the name of Mahmud Muhammad Ghazi Shah (962-970h), AR Sasnu Husain Shah (970-979h), AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah Muhammad ‘Ali Shah (978-987h), AR Sasnu
$125 $75 $50 $15 $50
2982 2983 2984 2985
2982 Muhammad Yusuf Shah (987, 988-994h), AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah Akbar, AR Sasnu - Æ Kaserah
2974 2975
VF $60 $50
$50 $15 $60 $25
SOUTH-EAST ASIA Malaya and Indonesia were an important part of the trade route between India and China and were regularly visited by Arab traders. Eventually, several small Islamic kingdoms were established. The earliest of these was the sultanate of Samudra-Pasai, founded in the 7th century AH in northern Sumatra. The later sultanates of this region fall outside the scope of the present volume.
SAMUDRA-PASAI Leyten, J., Gold coins of Samudra-Pasai and Acheh: Their origin, name and weight in a historical context, Amsterdam, 2004
VF $100
2986
Munawar (c.668h), AV ½-Kupang
2987 2988
2987 Ahmad I (c.668-694h), AV Kupang - AV ½-Kupang
$75 $75
2989
2989 Salah al-din (c.689-696h), AV Kupang
$100
2990
2990 Muhammad (c.696-726h), AV Kupang
$60
2991 2992
2991 Mansur (c.696-733h), AV Kupang Ahmad II (c.726-761h), AV Kupang
$100 $60
2993 2994
2993 Zain al-‘Abidin I (c.761-771h), AV Kupang Ala’lilah (c.771-781h), AV Kupang
$100 $75
268
south-east asia
2995 2996
2995 ‘Abd Allah I (c.781-802h), AV Kupang Abu’l-din (c.808-815h), AV Kupang
VF $60 $75
2997 2998 2999
2997 ‘Addallah (c.815-838h), AV Kupang Ahmad III (c.838-856h), AV Kupang ‘Abd Allah II (c.880-919h), AV Kupang
$60 $60 $60
269
APPENDIX I These are some of the most commonly encountered Islamic mints:
عدن Amul امل al-Andalus (Spain) االندلس Ardabil اردبيل Arminiya (Armenia) ارمينيه Arrajan ارجان Astarabad استراباد Isbahan/Isfahan اصبهان/اصفهان Balkh بلخ al-Basra البصرة Bukhara بخارا Dehli دهلى Dimashq (Damascus) دمشق Fas (Fez) فاس Filastin (Palestine) فلسطين Firuzabad فيروزاباد Ghazna غزنة Halab (Aleppo) حلب Hamadan همدان Herat هراة Jurjan جرجان Kashan كاشان Khwarizm خوارزم Kirman كرمان al-Kufa الكوفة ‘Adan (Aden)
لكنوتى
Laknauti Madinat al-Salam (Baghdad)
Mardin Marw al-Mawsil (Mosul) Misr (Egypt) al-Muhammadiya Nasibin Nishapur al-Qahira (Cairo) Qazvin Qumm Quniya (Konya) Samarqand San‘a al-Shash (Tashkent) Shiraz Sijistan Sivas Tabriz Wasit Yazd Zabid
مدينة السالم ماردين مرو الموصل مصر المحمدية نصيبين نيشابور القاهرة قزوين قم قونية سمرقند صنعا الشاش شيراز سجستان سيواس تبريز واسط يزد زبيد
270
APPENDIX II Arabic numbers (most coins of the period covered by this volume have dates written in words rather than numerals)
ahd
1
ithnatayn
2
thulth
3
arba’
4
khams
5
sitt
6
seb’
7
theman
8
tis’
9
‘ashra
10
احد اثنتين ثلث اربع خمس ست سبع ثمان تسع عشرة
Examples:
= اثنتين و ثلثين و ماﺋﺔ132 = سبع و اربعين و ماﺋﺘﻴﻦ247 = خمس و ستين و ثلﺜﻤاﺋﺔ365
‘ashrin
20
thalathin
30
arba‘in
40
khamsin
50
sittin
60
seb‘in
70
themanin
80
tis‘in
90
mi’a
100
mi’atin
200
عشرين ثلثين اربعين خمسين ستين سبعين ثمانين تسعين ماﺋﺔ ماﺋﺘﻴﻦ
271
APPENDIX III Abbasid Caliphs:
السفاح al-Mansur (136-158h) المنصور al-Mahdi (158-169h) المهدى al-Hadi (169-170h) الهادى al-Rashid (170-193h) الرشيد al-Amin (193-198h) االمين al-Ma’mun (194-218h) المأمون al-Mu‘tasim (218-227h) المعتصم al-Wathiq (227-232h) الواثق al-Mutawakkil (232-247h) المتوكل al-Muntasir (247-248h) المنتصر al-Musta‘in (248-251h) المستعين al-Mu‘tazz (251-255h) المعتز al-Muhtadi (255-256h) المهتدى al-Mu‘tamid (256-279h) المعتمد al-Mu‘tadid (279-289h) المعتضد al-Muktafi (289-295h) المكتفى al-Muqtadir (295-320h) المقتدر al-Qahir (320-322h) القاهر al-Radi (322-329h) الراضى al-Muttaqi (329-333h) المتقى al-Mustakfi (333-334h) المستكفى al-Saffah (132-136h)
al-Muti‘ (334-363h) al-Ta’i‘ (363-381h) al-Qadir (381-422h) al-Qa’im (422-467h) al-Muqtadi (467-487h) al-Mustazhir (487-512h) al-Mustarshid (512-529h) al-Muqtafi (530-555h) al-Mustanjid (555-556h) al-Mustadi (566-575h) al-Nasir (575-622h) al-Zahir (622-623h) al-Mustansir (623-640h) al-Musta‘sim (640-656h)
المطيع الطأيع القادر القأيم المقتدى المستظهر المسترشد المقتفى المستنجد المستضى الناصر الظاهر المستنصر المستعصم
272
APPENDIX IV These are some of the most commonly encountered names of Islamic rulers: ‘Abd al-‘Aziz ‘Abd Allah ‘Abd al-Malik ‘Abd al-Rahman Abu Bakr Ahmad ‘Ali Arslan Ashraf Da’ud Firuz Harun Hasan Husayn Ibrahim Ishaq Isma‘il Ja‘far Khalid Khusraw Mahmud Mansur Mas‘ud Muhammad Musa
عبد العزيز عبد ﺍﻟﻠﻪ عبد الملك عبد الرحمن ابو بكر احمد على ارسالن اشرف دأود فيروز هرون حسن حسين ابراهيم اشحاق اسمعيل جعفر خلد خسرو محمود منصور مسعود مﺤﻤﺪ موسى
Nasr Sa‘id Sulayman Tahir Timur Tughril ‘Umar ‘Uthman Yahya Ya‘qub Yusuf
ناصر سعيد سليمان طاهر تيمور طغرل عمر عثمان يحيى يعقوب يوسف
273
APPENDIX V IMAGE CREDITS: 1 2 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 22 23 24 27 28 29 32 34 36 37 38 39 41 42 44 50 52 54 55 58 62 68 71 74 75 78 79 83 89 90 93 96
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INDEX Abbadid 55 Abbasid 33 Abbasid Copper 47 Abbasid Governors of Tabaristan 14 Afrasiyabid 220 Afrighid 157 Afshinid 156 58 Aftasid of Badajoz Aghlabid 62 Alanya, Beylik of 139 Algarve 59 ‘Alid 170 149 al-Khuttal, Amirs of Almohad 67 Almoravid 66 55 ‘Amirid of Valencia Andaraba, Amirs of 158 ‘Annazid 170 Anti-Aghlabid Revolt 64 Anti-Hamdanid Revolt 83 230 Aq Qoyunlu Arab-Armenian 13 Arab-Bukharan 14 Arab-Byzantine 18 Arab-Hephthalite 14 Arab-Khwarezm 13 Arab-Sasanian 1 Artuqid of Hisn Kayfa & Amid 111 Artuqid of Khartabirt 115 Artuqid of Mardin 116 Assassins of Alamut (see Batinid) ‘Athar, Amirs of 101 Aydin, Beylik of 139 Ayyubid 86 Ayyubid of Aleppo 89 Ayyubid of al-Jazira 91 Ayyubid of Damascus 90 Ayyubid of Hamah 90 Ayyubid of Hisn Kayfa 91 Ayyubid of the Yemen 105 Badakhshan, Shahs of 200 Bahmanid 253 Balkh, Amir of 191 Banijurid 148 Banu Hilal 65 Banu Mismar 100 Barghawatid of Sfax 66
Batinid 189 Bavandid 173 Begteginid 130 Begtimurid 130 Bengal, Sultans of 245 Bukhti Kurds 219 Burid 85 Bust, Amirs of 157 Buwayhid 161 Chaghatayid 197 Chupanid 216 58 Cordoba, Kings of Countermarked Byzantine Coins 132 Crete, Amirs of 75 Danishmendid 131 235 Dehli, Sultans of Denia, Slave Kingdom of 56 57 Dhu’l-Nunid of Toledo Dulafid 143 Eastern Sistan 11 Eretnid 140 Fars, Atabegs of 189 Fatimid 77 Fatimid Partisans 101 Firuzanid 173 139 Germiyan, Beylik of Ghaznavid 175 Ghorid 192 Ghorid of Bamiyan 193 Golden Horde 200 Great Mongol 195 Great Seljuq 183 Gujarat, Sultans of 258 Habbarid of Sind 234 Hadhabani Kurds 174 Hafsid 69 Hamdanid 82 Hamidid 139 Hammudid of Malaga 54 Hammudid of Wadi Lau 55 Harthamid 144 Hasanwayhid 169 Hazaraspid 217 Hudid of Denia 56 Hudid of Murcia 59 Hudid of Tudela 57 Hudid of Zaragoza 56 Husaynid 220
284 Husaynid Sharifs 107 Idrisid 61 62 Idrisid Contemporaries Ikhshidid 76 Ildegizid 187 188 Ildegizid Vassals Ilkhanid 204 ‘Imranid 174 Injuyid 217 Isfendiyarid 140 Jalayrid 218 Jastanid 169 Jaunpur, Sultans of 257 Julandid 169 Kakwayhid 170 258 Kalpi, Sultans of Karamanid 139 Karesi, Beylik of 138 Kart 221 264 Kashmir, Sultans of Khaqanid 188 Kharijites 62 Khawlanid 103 Khazars 157 Khazrunid 65 Khujistanid 144 Khwarizmshahs 190 110 Kilwa, Sultans of 160 Kurds of Adharbayjan Kurzuwan, Malik of 197 Lorca, Amirs of 59 Lu’lu’id 125 Madura, Sultans of 253 Mahdid of Zabid 104 Mallorca, Kings of 56 Malwa, Sultans of 261 Mamluk 91 Marwanid 84 Mehrabanid 223 Menkujakid 131 Menteshe, Beylik of 138 Merinid 72 Mertola & Silves, Kings of 58 Midrarid 65 Mirdasid 84 110 Mogadishu, Sultans of Muhtajid 157 Mukramid 109 Multan, Amirs of 234 Murabitid (see Almoravid) Murcia, Kings of 58 Musha‘sha‘ 232 Muwahhid (see Almohad) Muzaffarid 217
Najjahid 103 Nasrid 59 187 Nishapur, Amirs of Numayrid 85 Oman, Amirs of 109 108 Oman, Governors of Pishkinid 189 Proto-Qarakhanid 178 141 Qadis of Sivas Qalhati Amirs of Hormuz 216 Qarakhanid 178 183 Qarakhanid Vassals Qara Qoyunlu 229 Qarlughid 194 Qarmatid 77 Qunduz, Amir of 233 Qutlughkhanid 215 Rassid (1st period) 100 104 Rassid (2nd period) Rassid (3rd period) 108 Rasulid 106 Rawwadid 174 Revolutionary Period 31 Riyahid 67 Saffarid 144 Sajid 159 Salduqid 130 Salghurid 190 Sallarid 168 Samanid 149 Samanid of Akhsikath 156 Samudra-Pasai 267 Saqchi, Khanate of 204 Sarbadarid 220 Saruhan, Beylik of 138 Seljuq of Hamadan 186 Seljuq of Kirman 187 Seljuq of Rum 133 Seljuq of Syria 85 Seljuq of Western Iran 186 Shabankara, Atabegs of 216 Shaddadid 160 Sharaf Khans 220 Shirvanshahs 229 Sicily 86 Sind, Sultans of 234 Sufid 223 Sulamid 188 Sulayhid 103 Sulaymanid 64 Su‘lukid 160 Sumaydihid of Almeria 57 Sutayid 219 Taghaytimurid 221
285 Tahirid (Iran) 142 Tahirid (Yemen) 108 58 Taifas Almoravides Tarafid 102 Timurid 224 57 Tortosa, Kingdom of Tulunid 74 29 Umayyad Copper 22 Umayyad Gold Umayyad Silver 25 Umayyad of Spain 50 ‘Uqaylid 83 Volga Bulgars 157 Wajihid 108 Wakhsh, Amirs of 191 Walid 221 159 Warwarliz, Amirs of Wattasid 73 216 Yazd, Atabegs of Yun, Amirs of 174 Zanj Rebellion 143 110 Zanzibar, Sultans of 168 Zaydi Imams of Hawsam 129 Zengid of al-Jazira Zengid of Mosul 122 Zengid of Shahrazur 129 127 Zengid of Sinjar Zengid of Syria 126 Zirid 65 Zirid of Granada 55 Ziyadid 102 Ziyanid 71 Ziyarid 171 Ziyarid of the Jibal 173 Zuray‘id 104