Haynes Toyota Camry Automotive Repair Manual 156392336X, 9781563923364

Citation preview

TOYOTA CAMRY 1997 thru 1999 Includes Avalon

r All

models

& Solara

Automotive Repair

iVianual

Toyota

Camry Automotive Repair IVIanual by Robert Maddox, Jay Storer

and John H Haynes Member

of the Guild of

Motoring Writers

Models covered: All

Toyota Camry, Avalon and Camry Solara models

1997 through 1999

ABCDE FGHIJ

KLMNO PQRST

Haynes Publishing Group Sparkford Nr Yeovil

Somerset BA22 7JJ England

Haynes North America, 861 Lawrence Drive

Newbury Park 91320 USA

California

Inc

DU BR

Acknowledgements We are grateful for the help

and cooperation

of the

Toyota Motor Cor-

poration for their assistance with technical information, certain tions

©

illustra-

and vehicle photos.

Haynes North America,

Inc.

1999

With permission from J-H Haynes & Co, Ltd.

A book

the Haynes Automotive Repair Manual Series

in

Printed in the U.S.A. reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright holder.

All rights in

ISBN

1

56392 336 X

Library of

Congress Catalog Card Number 99-60422

made to ensure that the information in this manual can be accepted by the authors or publishers for damage or injury caused by any errors in, or omissions from, the

While every attempt is

correct,

loss,

no

information given.

99-352

is

liability

1

0-3

Contents Introductory pages About this manual Introduction to the Toyota Camry, Avalon and

Vehicle identification numbers Buying parts Maintenance techniques, tools and working Booster battery (jump) starting

Jacking and towing Stereo anti-theft system precaution Automotive chemicals and lubricants Conversion factors Safety first! Troubleshooting

wndpici

Camry

facilities

Solara

0-5 0-5 0-6 0-7 0-7 0-15

0-16 0-16 0-17 0-18 0-19 0-20

1

Tune-up and routine maintenance

1-1

Four-cylinder engine

2A-1

V6 engine

2B-1

i^napier ^

ran o

General engine overhaul procedures

2C-1

v/fiapisr o Cooling, heating and

air

conditioning systems

3-1

wnapier ^ Fuel and exhaust systems

4-1

Chapter 5 Engine

electrical

systems

5-1

unapier o Emissions and engine control systems

Part Manual transaxle

A

Chapter 7

B

Chapter 7

Part

6-1

7A-1

Antrirnfltic tranQ3y|p

7B-1

Chapter 8 Clutch and driveaxles

8-1

Chapter 9 9-1

Brakes

Chapter 10 Suspension and steering systems

Chapter

10-1

1

Body

11-1

Chapter 12 Chassis

electrical

system

12-1

Wiring diagrams

12-19

Index

IND-1

Haynes mechanic, author and photographer with 1997 Avalon

0-5

About Its

this

manual

purpose The purpose

of this

manual

is

to help

you get the best value from your vehicle. It can do so in several vi/ays. It can help you decide wUat work must be done, even if you choose to have it done by a dealer service department or a repair shop; it provides information and procedures for routine maintenance and servicing; and it offers diagnostic and repair procedures to follow when trouble occurs.

We hope you use the manual to tackle the work yourself. For many simpler jobs, doing it yourself may be quicker than arranging an appointment to get the vehicle into a shop and making the trips to leave it and pick it up. More importantly, a lot of money can be saved by avoiding the expense the shop

must pass on to you to cover its labor and overhead costs. An added benefit is the sense of satisfaction and accomplishment that

you

feel after

that Section.

Procedures, once described are not normally repeated.

The manual is divided into Chapters. Each Chapter is divided into numbered Sections, which are headed in bold type between horizontal lines. Each Section consists of consecutively numbered paragraphs. At the beginning of each numbered Section you will be referred to any illustrations which apply to the procedures in that Section. The reference numbers used in illustra-

vehicle

assume you

the illustration refers to

in

the driver's

Even though we have prepared this manual with extreme care, neither the publisher nor the

is,

are sitting

seat, facing forward.

for

(or

neces-

and/or paragraphs in the same Chapter. For example, "see Section 8" means in the same Chapter. References to the left or right side of the

and the Step within that Section. That

means

the text,

it's

ence will be given as Chapter and Section number. Cross references given without use of the word "Chapter" apply to Sections

tion captions pinpoint the pertinent Section

Section 3 and Step

in

sary to refer to another Chapter, the refer-

doing the job yourself.

Using the manual

illustration 3.2

When

any errors mation given.

author can accept responsibility in, or omissions from, the infor-

paragraph) 2 within

NOTE A Note make

provides information necessary to properly complete a procedure or information which

will

the procedure easier to understand.

CAUTION A Caution

provides a special procedure or special steps which must be taken while completing the procedure where the Caution is found. Not heeding a Caution can result in damage to the assembly being worked on.

WARNING A Warning

provides a special procedure or special steps which must be taken while completing the procedure where the Warning is found. Not heeding a Warning can result in personal injury.

Introduction to the

Toyota Camry, Avalon and Camry Solara This book covers the Toyota Camry, Avalon and Camry Solara models. The Camry and Avalon are both four-door sedans, while

Camry Solara model is a coupe. The transversely mounted inline fourcylinder and V6 engines used in these modthe

els are

equipped with electronic port

fuel

injection.

The engine drives the

front

wheels

through either a five-speed manual or a fourspeed automatic transaxle via independent driveaxles.

Independent suspension, featuring coil damper units, is used on all four

spring/strut

wheels. The power-assisted rack and pinion steering unit is mounted behind the engine.

The brakes are disc at the front with drum or discs at the rear, depending on model, with power assist standard. All models are equipped with Anti-lock brakes either

(ABS).

r

0-6

Vehicle identification Modifications

are

unpublicized process

in

and

driver's side of the vehicle (see illustration).

manufacturer, the month and year of produc-

vehicle manufactur-

can also be found on the certification label located on the driver's side door post. The VIN also appears on the Vehicle Certificate of Title and Registration. It contains information such as where and when the vehicle was manufactured, the model year and the body

tion,

a continuing

Since spare parts manuals and lists are compiled on a numerical basis, the individual ing.

vehicle

numbers

numbers are essential component required.

to correctly

identify the

Vehicle Identification

Number

(VIN) This very important identification

It

style.

ber s stamped on a plate attached to the dashboard inside the windshield on the

The

end

Certification label

of the driver's

tion).

Engine identification numbers The engine in

The

is

attached to the

door post (see

plate contains the

The Vehicle

Identification Number (VIN) is located on a plate (arrow) on top of the dash (visible through the windshield

The engine serial number on the four-cylinder engine is located on the rear of the block below the cylinder head

serial

number can be found

a variety of locations, depending on engine

type (see illustrations). The Camry and Camry Solara models can be equipped with

Certification label num-

the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) and the certification statement.

illustra-

name

of the

The vehicle

either the

5S-FE four-cylinder or the 1MZ-FE

V6. The Avalon model

is

ered years only with the

Certification label

Is

available 1

in

MZ-FE V6

the covengine.

located at the rear

of the driver's door

The V6 engine

serial number is located on the front side of the block under the exhaust manifold

0-7

Buying parts Replacement parts are available from sources, which generally fall into one of

many

two categories - authorized dealer parts departments and independent retail auto parts stores. Our advice concerning these Is as follows: Retail auto parts stores: Good auto parts stores will stock frequently needed components which wear out relatively fast,

parts

such as clutch components, exhaust systems, brake parts, tune-up parts, etc. These stores often supply

new

or reconditioned

parts on an

exchange

basis, which

amount

can save

money. Discount auto parts stores are often very good places to buy materials and parts needed for general vehicle maintenance such as oil, grease, filters, spark plugs, belts, touch-up paint, bulbs, etc. They also usually sell tools and general accessories, have convenient hours, charge lower prices and can often be found not far from home. Authorized dealer parts department: This is the best source for parts which are a considerable

of

unique to the vehicle and not generally

avail-

able elsewhere (such as major engine parts,

transmission parts, trim pieces,

Warranty information:

If

etc.).

the vehicle

Is

covered under warranty, be sure that any replacement parts purchased - regardless of the source - do not invalidate the warranty! To be sure of obtaining the correct parts, have engine and chassis numbers still

available and,

if

possible, take the old parts

along for positive identification.

Maintenance techniques, tools and working facilities Maintenance techniques There are a number of techniques involved in maintenance and repair that will be referred to throughout this manual. Application of these techniques will enable the home mechanic to be more efficient, better organized and capable of performing the various tasks properly, which will ensure that the repair job is thorough and complete.

hex head where the wrench habit of replacing

new

with

all

fits.

damaged

Develop the

nuts and bolts

ones. Special locknuts with nylon or

fiber inserts

can only be used once.

If

they

are removed, they lose their locking ability

and must be replaced with new ones. Rusted nuts and bolts should be treated with a penetrating fluid to ease removal and prevent breakage. Some mechanics use turpentine in a spout-type oil can, which works

Fasteners

quite well. After applying the rust penetrant,

Fasteners are nuts, bolts, studs and screws used to hold two or more parts together. There are a few things to keep in mind when working with fasteners. Almost all of them use a locking device of some type, either a lockwasher, locknut, locking tab or thread adhesive. All threaded fasteners should be clean and straight, with undamaged threads and undamaged corners on the

let

work

a few minutes before trying to loosen the nut or bolt. Badly rusted fasteners may have to be chiseled or sawed off or it

for

removed with a special nut breaker,

available

at tool stores. If

bly,

it

off in an assemand removed with a spe-

a bolt or stud breaks

can be

cial tool

drilled

commonly

available for this purpose.

Most automotive machine shops can perform

this task,

as well as other repair procedures,

such as the repair of threaded holes that have been stripped out. Flat washers and lockwashers, when removed from an assembly, should always be replaced exactly as removed. Replace any damaged washers with new ones. Never use a lockwasher on any soft metal surface (such as aluminum), thin sheet metal or

Fastener sizes For a number

plastic.

of reasons, automobile manufacturers are making wider and wider use of methc fasteners. Therefore, it is important to be able to tell the difference between standard (sometimes called U.S. or SAE) and methc hardware, since they cannot be interchanged. All bolts, whether standard or metric, are sized according to diameter, thread pitch and

0-8

Maintenance techniques, tools and working 1/2-13x1

dard bolts have slashes radiating out from

diameter, has 13 threads per

the center of the head to denote the grade or

length. For example, a standard bolt

is

1/2 inch

inch and

is

metric bolt pitch of

inch long.

1

is

in

threads) and

is

1.75 x 25

-

strength of the bolt, which

nearly identical,

in

and

it.

easily confused, but they

are not interchangeable. In

addition to the differences

in

diame-

The greater the number

greater the strength of the bolt. Grades

metric

should be noted that many fasteners, especially Grades through 2, have no distinguishing marks on them. When such is the case, the only way to determine whether it is standard or metric is to measure the thread pitch or compare it to a known fastener of the

into their

heads

the higher the number, the stronger

the bolt. Property class 10.9 are

numbers

8.8, 9.8

Hex Nut Grade 5

Identification

>

\

^ f

jT}

code

to

denote grade.

It

to indicate bolt strength. In

and

same

commonly used on automobiles.

Strength markings can also be used to distinguish standard hex nuts from metric

size.

Standard fasteners are often referred to as SAE, as opposed to metric. However, it should be noted that SAE technically refers to a non-metric fine thread fastener only. Coarse thread non-metric fasteners are referred to as USS sizes.

hex nuts. Many standard nuts have dots stamped into one side, while metric nuts are marked with a number. The greater the number of dots, or the higher the number, the

or 2

Bolt strength marking (standard/SAE/USS;

Grade

Grade

bottom

-

metric)

Identification

Hex Nut Property Class 9

3 Dots

Arabic 9

Hex Nut

Hex Nut Grade 8

Property Class 10 .10..

6 Dots

Standard hex nut strength markings

same as

metric bolts), while smaller studs carry a geo-

through 5 are commonly used on automobiles. Metric bolts have a property class (grade) number, rather than a slash, molded this case,

1

Larger studs are numbered (the

of slashes, the

dard bolts can also be distinguished by examining the bolt heads. To begin with, the distance across the flats on a standard bolt head is measured in inches, while the same dimension on a metric bolt is sized in millimeters (the same is true for nuts). As a result, a standard wrench should not be used on a metric bolt and a metric wrench should not be used on a standard bolt. Also, most stan-

Grade

Metric studs are also marked on their to property class (grade).

ends according

is

thread pitch and length, metric and stan-

ter,

greater the strength of the nut.

an indication of the amount of torque that can be applied to

mm diameter, has a thread mm (the distance between 25 mm long. The two bolts are

12

1.75

An Ml 2

facilities

Class

Class

Class

10.9

9.8

8.8

Arabic 10 Metric hex nut strength markings

Metric stud strength markings 00-1

HAYNES

I

Maintenance techniques, tools and working Since fasteners of the same size (both standard and metric) may have different strength ratings, be sure to reinstall any bolts, studs or nuts removed from your vehicle in

ponent such as a nut or bolt). Overtightening the fastener can weaken it and cause it to break, while undertightening can cause it to

when replacing make sure that the

studs, depending on the material they are

their original locations. Also,

a fastener with a new/ one,

new one has

a strength rating equal to or

greater than the original.

eventually

made

of

come

and

loose. Bolts,

screws and have which are

their thread diameters,

specific torque values,

many

of

noted in the Specifications at the beginning each Chapter. Be sure to follow the torque recommendations closely. For fasteners not assigned a specific torque, a general torque value chart is presented here as a guide. These torque values are for dry (unlubricated) fasteners threaded into steel or cast iron (not of

Tightening sequences and

procedures Most threaded fasteners should be tightened to a specific torque value (torque is the twisting force applied to a threaded com-

aluminum). As

previously mentioned, the

grades can tolerate higher torque values. Fasteners laid out in a pattern, such as cylinder head bolts, oil pan bolts, differential cover bolts, etc., must be loosened or tightened in sequence to avoid warping the component. This sequence will normally be shown in the appropriate Chapter. If a specific

pattern

is

not given, the following proce-

dures can be used to prevent warping.

Ft-ibs

Nm 9

28 to 40 50 to 71 80 to 140

38 to 54 68 to 96 109 to 154

1/8

5 to 8

7 to 10

1/4

12 to 18

17 to 24

3/8

22 to 33 25 to 35

30 34

6 to 9 12 to 18 14 to 20

9 to 12 17 to 24 19 to 27

22 to 32 27 to 38 40 to 55 40 to 60 55 to 80

30

to

37 55 55 75

to 51

M-6 M-8 M-10 M-12 M-14

was

and grade of a fastener determine the amount of torque that can safely be applied to it. The figures listed here are approximate for Grade 2 and Grade 3 fasteners. Higher size

6 to 9 14 to 21

Metric thread sizes

0-9

facilities

to 12 19 to 28

Pipe thread sizes

1/2

U.S. thread sizes 1/4-20 5/16-18 5/16-24 3/8-16 3/8

-

24

7/16-14 7/16-20 1/2-13

to to

to

44 47

43 74

to 81

to 108

P

I

Standard (SAE and USS) bolt dimensions/grade marks

G

Grade marks

L

Length (in inches) Thread pitch (number of threads per inch) Nominal diameter (in inches)

T

D

(bolt strength)

00-2

HAYNES

|

Metric bolt dimensions/grade marks

P

Property class

L

Length (in millimeters) Thread pitch (distance between threads Diameter

T

D

(bolt strength)

in millimeters)

Maintenance techniques, tools and working

0-10

facilities

Micrometer set

Initially,

Dial indicator set

the bolts or nuts should be only. Next, they

assembled finger-tight should be tightened one

full

turn each,

in

a

criss-cross or diagonal pattern. After each

one has been tightened one full turn, return to first one and tighten them all one-half

the

same

turn, following the

pattern. Finally,

them one-quarter turn at a each fastener has been tightened to the proper torque. To loosen and remove the fasteners, the procedure would be reversed.

tighten each of

time

until

Component disassembly should be with care and purpose to help ensure

that the parts

go back together properly.

Always keep track of the sequence in which parts are removed. Make note of special characteristics or marks on parts that can be installed more than one way, such as a grooved thrust washer on a shaft. It is a good idea to lay the disassembled parts out on a clean surface in the order that they were removed. It may also be helpful to make sketches or take instant photos of components before removal.

When removing nent,

keep track

compoSometimes

fasteners from a

of their locations.

threading a bolt back

in

a part, or putting the

washers and nut back on a stud, can prevent mix-ups later. If nuts and bolts cannot be returned to their original

should be kept

in

locations,

they

a compartmented box or a

sehes of small boxes.

A cupcake

or muffin

tin

purpose, since each cavity can hold the bolts and nuts from a particular area is

ideal for this

pan

cover bolts, engine mount bolts, etc.). A pan of this type is especially helpful when working on assemblies with very small parts, such as the carburetor, alternator, valve train or interior dash and thm pieces. The cavities can be marked with paint (i.e.

oil

bolts, valve

or tape to identify the contents.

Whenever

wiring looms, harnesses or connectors are separated, it is a good idea to

two halves with numbered pieces masking tape so they can be easily recon-

identify the

of

nected.

Hose removal

Throughout any vehicle, gaskets are used to seal the mating surfaces between two parts and keep lubricants, fluids, vacuum

is equipped with air do not disconnect any of the A/C hoses without first having the system

an assembly. are coated with a liquid or paste-type gasket sealing compound before assembly. Age, heat and pressure can sometimes cause the two parts to stick together so tightly that they are very

depressurized by a dealer service department

or pressure contained

in

Many times these gaskets

difficult

to separate. Often, the

be loosened by

Component disassembly done

Gasket sealing surfaces

striking

it

assembly can

with a soft-face

hammer near the mating surfaces. A regular hammer can be used a block of wood is placed between the hammer and the part. Do not hammer on cast parts or parts that could be easily damaged. With any particularly stubborn part, always recheck to make sure if

Warning:

been removed.

Avoid using a screwdriver or bar to pry apart an assembly, as they can easily

mar the

gasket sealing surfaces of the parts, which must remain smooth. If prying is absolutely necessary, use an old broom handle, but keep in mind that extra clean up will be necessary

if

the

wood

splinters.

or a service station.

Hose removal precautions closely paralgasket removal precautions. Avoid scratching or gouging the surface that the hose mates against or the connection may lel

gasket must be carefully scraped off and the gasket surfaces cleaned. Stubborn gasket material can be soaked with rust penetrant or treated with a special chemical to soften it so it can be easily scraped off. A scraper can be fashioned from a piece of copper tubing by flattening and sharpening one end. Copper is

recommended because

it

especially true for radiator hoses.

leak. This

is

Because

of various chemical reactions, the

rubber in hoses can bond itself to the metal spigot that the hose fits over. To remove a hose, first loosen the hose clamps that secure it to the spigot. Then, with slip-joint pliers, grab the hose at the clamp and rotate

around the spigot. Work

is

it

back and

forth

completely free, then pull it off. Silicone or other lubricants will ease removal if they can be applied between the hose and until

it

is

the outside of the spigot. Apply the lubricant to the inside of the

same

hose and the

outside of the spigot to simplify installation.

As a

last resort

replaced with a

After the parts are separated, the old

tips

the vehicle

conditioning,

it

that every fastener has

If

(and

the hose

if

new one anyway),

is

to

be

the rubber

can be slit with a knife and the hose peeled from the spigot. If this must be done, be careful that the metal connection is not damaged. If a hose clamp is broken or damaged, do not reuse it. Wire-type clamps usually weaken with age, so it is a good idea to replace them with screw-type clamps whenever a hose is removed.

usually softer

than the surfaces to be scraped, which reduces the chance of gouging the part. Some gaskets can be removed with a wire brush, but regardless of the method used, the mating surfaces must be left clean and smooth. If for some reason the gasket surface is gouged, then a gasket sealer thick enough to fill scratches will have to be used during reassembly of the components. For most applications, a non-drying (or semi-drying) gasket sealer should be used.

Tools A

selection of

good

requirement for anyone tain

and

repair his or her

tools

is

a basic

who plans to mainown vehicle. For the

owner who has few tools, the initial investment might seem high, but when compared to the spiraling costs of professional auto

maintenance and

repair,

it

is

a wise one.

To help the owner decide which

tools

are needed to perform the tasks detailed

in

manual, the following tool lists are offered: Maintenance and minor repair, this

Maintenance techniques, tools and working

Hand-operated vacuum pump

Dial caliper

Timing

Repair/overhaul and Special.

The newcomer

mechanics should start off with the maintenance and minor repair tool kit, which is adequate for the simpler jobs performed on a vehicle. Then, as confidence and experience grow, the owner can tackle more difficult tasks, buying additional tools as they are needed. to

practical

Compression gauge with

light

Damper/steering wheel puller

0-11

facilities

General purpose puller

Eventually the basic

kit will

be expanded

Hydraulic

into

the repair and overtiaul tool set. Over a period of time, the

experienced do-it-yourselfer

sparl( plug hole

will

assemble a tool set complete enough for most repair and overhaul procedures and will add tools from the special category when is felt that the expense is justified by the frequency of use. it

lifter

adapter

removal tool

Maintenance and minor repair tool kit

The ered the

tools

in this list

minimum

should be consid-

required for performance

maintenance, servicing and minor We recommend the purchase of combination wrenches (box-end and openof routine

repair work.

Maintenance techniques, tools and worl