Wadi Araba in Classical and Late Antiquity: An historical geography 9781407307176


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Wadi Araba in Classical and Late Antiquity: An Historical Geography Andrew M. Sli)ith Il

BAR International Series 2173 2010

Wadi Araba in Classical and Late Antiquity: An Historical Geography Andrew M. Smith Il

BAR International Series 2173 2010

Published by Archaeopress Publishers of British Archaeological Reports Gordon House 276 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 7ED England

BAR S2173 WadiAraba in C/asica/ and Late Anåquity: An Historical Geography @ Archaeopress and A M Smith Il 2010

ISBN 978 1 4073 4073 0717 6

Printed in England by CMP (UK) Ltd

All BAR ätles are available from: Hadrian Books Ltd 122 Banbury Road Oxford

aoua

OX2 7BP

England www.hadrianbooks.co.uk

The current BAR catalogue with details of all titles in print, prices and means of paymentis available free from Hadrian Books or may be downloadedfrom www.archaeopress.com

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CONTENTS List of Figures ix

Ackowledgements

Chapter One: Introduction l. Introduction Il. Thc NaturalEnvironment Geography Topography Climate. Water Resources Vegetation and Soils Fauna

Mineralogical Resources . Other Natural Resources..

111.Sources IV. Previous Explorations and Rcsearch in Wadi Araba Thc Ninctcenth Ccntury Three Pioneers- Alois Musil, Fritz Frank, and Nelson Glueck The Twentieth Century Thc Twenty-First Century

NOTES

12

12 15 18 19

Chapter Two: Cities, Forts, and Caravanserais

22

I. Introduction

22 22 22 25

Urban Communities Aqaba (Aila, Ailane) Faynan (Phaino).. 111.Forts and Caravan Stations Mezad Dafit Rujm Taba Yotvata Gharandal

28 28 29

30 32 34 36 36

Khirbct cs-Sa'idiyccn Mczad Bc'cr Menuha Qasr ct-Tayyiba. Khirbct as-Faysif.

37 39 42

Bir Madhkur BMP-CAS Site 13 Khirbct Umm Qhuntera

43 46 46 46 46 48 50 52

Moyct 'Awad

'Ain Rahcl. Tell cl-Mirad Khirbet Ratiyc. Khirbct al-Hassiya Mczad Hazcva Qasr et-Tlah

NOTES Chapter Three: Regional Settlement Activity

56

I. Introduction.

56 i

The Southem WadlAraba Arabah V.xpcdlttonSitc 44