Tonga-English Dictionary and Phrasebook (Tonga to English, English to Tonga)

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Tonga-English English-Tonga Dictionary and Phrasebook To aide those learning Citonga Compiled by: Aaron Cass Harris, CHIP 2011-2013 With help from: Peace Corps Tonga Language Trainers

Updated: May 2013 International (A4) Version

To request edits (including the addition of new words and phrases) simply contact the author via email at: [email protected] OR [email protected]

Page 1

Table of Contents

Section I II III

Table of Contents Title Table of Contents Introduction Using this guide

Page 2 3 4

Dictionaries IV V

Tonga-English English-Tonga

7 116

Grammar VI VII VIII IX X

Nouns Demonstratives Verbs Pronouns Adjectives

225 226 227 228 229

Phrase Books XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII XVIII XIX XX XXI

Survival Guide Time Shopping Travel Family Peace Corps CHIP Tech Vocab LIFE Tech Vocab RED Tech Vocab RAP Tech Vocab Reproductive health and HIV/AIDS Vocab

231 234 235 236 237 238 239 242 247 248 249

Short-Cut lists XXII XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI XXVII XXVIII XXIX XXX XXXI XXXII XXXIII

All Nouns All Verbs All Demonstratives All Conjunctions All Adverbs All Adjectives All Interjections All Questions All Pronouns All Phrases All Prepositions All Proverbs

254 304 349 352 354 356 360 361 362 365 366 367

Dialect Lists XXXIV XXXV XXXVI XXXVII

Ila Dialect Lenge Dialect Mukuni Dialect Sources

Page 2

369 373 374 377

Introduction

Introduction This guide is intended to aid Peace Corps Trainees learning Tonga, Peace Corps Volunteers in Southern Province, Counterparts, and any other group associated with the Peace Corps. It has been compiled with the aid of several Tonga language resources available to volunteers as of 2011. Currently, there are over 6700 words, with more being added constantly through the help of current and future volunteers. If you learn any new words and want to include them, don’t hesitate to contact either the Language and Homestay Coordinator or your language teacher. There are five main parts. The first contains a Tonga-English and English-Tonga dictionary. The second contains useful grammar charts and notes for easy reference. The third part contains phrase books targeted towards specific scenarios and specific project technical vocabulary. The fourth part includes 'short-cut' sections, which are intended to help locate words when the part of speech is known. The fifth part lists the words specific to one of the 3 main Citonga dialects. Please note that increasingly English words and even some grammatical patters are becoming part of the Citonga language, so some words that are in this dictionary may not be known by younger generations and even some in the older generations. Also, there are various colloquial phrases and words that have a different meaning than the ones presented here, owing to various regional dialects. Finally, this is a compilation of language books that have become antiquated so it is very likely that words have changed slightly as the language continues to evolve. In other words, this is a resource to aid in learning the language, but it is not the only (or even the most important) one. The best way to learn the language is to converse in the language as often as possible.

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Using this Guide

Using this Guide Abbreviation Pp Ob Root Corrupt I M L I, M TM Irreg. Verb Na

Meaning Personal pronoun Object of the verb The root of the verb Whether the word was taken from English The Ila dialect of Tonga The Mukuni Dialect of Tonga The Lenge Dialect of Tonga Applicable to both Ila and Mukuni Dialects Tense Marker Irregular The conjugated verb except for the extension Not applicable

Other notes 1

All verbs in Tonga have the infinitive form: Ku + root. Because of this, the initial 'Ku' is excluded in this guide to ease the search for verbs

2

Since multiple sources were used, some information such as noun classes will not be available for every entry

3

Some English words have several Citonga translations so to better judge the connotation look at the other translations of the Citonga words in question or use the grammar sections to understand the meaning and grammatical use of the Citonga word.

4

Some words are considered vulgar and impolite and should not be used in general conversation (or even in lectures) Consult a native Citonga speaker to determine which words are acceptable

5

There is no substitute for practice and conversation in language learning

Pronunciation A AA B BB C D E EE F G H

As in FATHER Two As running together, hold twice as long Soft, almost like a V Explosive B, close to English B Like soft J except after N when it becomes like CH stronger than in English as in GET Two Es running together, hold twice as long Similar to English F stronger than in English As in English Page 4

Using this Guide

I II J K KK L M N O OO P R S T U UU V VW W Y Z NG NG' BW BBW SY ZY

As in MACHINE, But IN or IM after consonant Two Is running together, hold twice as long stronger than in English Soft sound, similar to English G Hard K sound as in KITE Sound veering between L and R Like in English, but softer More nasal than in English As in OR Two Os running together, hold twice as long As in English usually written as L, see above for pronunciation stronger than in English As in English As in RULER Two Us running together, hold twice as long Like H but pronounced in the throat See above As in English As in English stronger than in English As in FINGER As in SINGER Best learned through imitation and practice Best learned through imitation and practice aspirated S, similar to SH in English Aspirated Z or HY

Page 5

Dictionarys

Tonga-English English-Tonga

Dictionary Section

Page 6

Tonga-English

Tonga A A A A A A Aaba Aabo Aabo Aabona Aakale Aalila Aalo Aalo Aalya Aalya Aano Aano Aano Aano mazuba Aawa Aba Ababo Abalabo Abalabo Abalo Abalo Abalo Abana Abano Abanya Abanya Abila Abila Abila Abila Abila Abo Abwalo Acaleco Acalo Accu kaka Accu kaka Aciindi aciindi Acilaco Aco Afwiifwii Ajulu Aka Akaka! Akalako Akale Akalo Akalo Akaniini Akano Akati Akati Akati Akati Akaya

Tonga English Dictionary English Part of speech Ah! Dear me! And At (time) Of On, with, on the place of Onto These Those Those, that one Sometimes Later on Defeat It also On it also On yonder Yonder Here On here, right here These, this here Modern (these days) On here Share Those, those yonder It also They also, with them He/she as well They also They also, with them Share These here Halve Share Distribute Divide Give Lend Share With them It also Uncle It also Alas! That’s too bad Periodic basis It also It also Near Top This Please! It also Another time, in the future It also Name given by mothers clan Not at all This here Center Half-way In the middle Middle That yonder Page 7

Interjection Conjunction Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Conjunction Adverb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Adjective Demonstrative Verb Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Pronoun Noun Pronoun Interjection Interjection Noun Pronoun Pronoun Adjective Noun Demonstrative Interjection Pronoun Adjective Pronoun Noun Adverb Demonstrative Locative Locative Locative Locative Demonstrative

Class

Corrupt

Dialect

Na Na Na Na Na Na 2 2 Na Na Na Na 6 16 16 6 6 16 6 Na 16 Na 2 14 2 Na 4, 9 2 Na 2 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 2 14 1 7 Na Na Na 7 7 Na 5 13 Na 13 Na 13 5 Na 13 Na Na Na Na 13

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Akayo Ako Akuliyandila Ala Ala Ala Alabana Alakwe Alao Ali oonse Ali? Alika Alika Alikke Alila Alila Alimwi Alimwi Alimwi Alimwi Alo Alo Alualo Aluka Alulato Aluluka Alwalo Alwalo Alyalo Amafuta acesya kucumbana Amaulu Amba Ambali Ambamzya Ambaula Ambaula Ambauzya Ambauzya Ambawida Ambe Ambebo Ambebo Ambika Ambika Ambika Ambila Ambila Ambila Ambilila Ambilizya Ambisya Ambisya Ambuka Ambukila Ambulela Ambuula Ambweni Ame Amebo Amoyo Ampa Ampa Ampa-ampa Ampasyila

Tonga-English They also That Voluntary Be difficult Be impossible Be too much for one Wallow He/she also Where Anywhere Where? Marry more than one wife Marry the second wife He/she alone Baffle Be unable Again And Further Moreover On it They It also Fly They also Fly over It also They also It also Lubricated On foot Speak Aside Propose a marriage Converse Interview Address Speak to Talk about I also I also I also Be said Speakable Tellable Feedback Make someone talk Tell someone Speak on behalf of Report to (a person) Speak loudly Speak vehemently Excrete Excrete upon Umbrella Converse Perhaps I also I also Throat Dry something Grope Grope Totter Page 8

Pronoun Demonstrative Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Adjective Locative Question Verb Verb Pronoun Verb Verb Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Verb Pronoun Verb Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Adjective Adjective Verb Preposition Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Conjunction Pronoun Pronoun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb

13 13 Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 16 11 Na 11 Na 11 11 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 18 18 Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na 15 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na

Amuka Amulamo Amwaainda Amwalo Ana Anda Anda Andaana Andaanya Andana Andaula Andawida Andene-andene Andene-andene Anduka Andula Anga Anga Anga Angazina Angazina Angulula Angununa Anji Anjilila mulwazi/Bulwazi Ano? Ansengwe Ansi Ansi Ansyini Antangalala Antela Antela Antomwe Antomwe a Antoomwe Antu Antumba Anu Anu Anuka Anywe Anywebo Anza Anza Anzaana Anzaana Anzamuna Anze Anzika Anzya Anzya Anzyanya Apula Asama Asama Asamuka Ashalo Aswe Aswebo Ata Ata Atala Atala a

Tonga-English Lessen (for rain) In it also At all In it also Tell a story Be struck by lightning Freeze Be seperate Seperate Separate Split up Split up for Different Various Be split Split As if Harness Tie Inherit name of the dead Tie the name Untie Untie Rate Ports of entry And what of...? Outside Ground On the ground First With publicity Maybe Perhaps Together Together with Altogether Place At the place behind But Whereas Recall You also You also Compose Found Part Separate Slap on the cheek Outside Hang up Cause to tie, tie with Greet Exchange greetings Share out Force the mouth open Open mouth Yawn They also We also, with us We also, with us Be cramp for space Be crowded Top On top of Page 9

Verb Pronoun Phrase Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Conjunction Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Interjection Locative Noun Locative Adjective Adverb Conjunction Conjunction Adverb Conjunction Adverb Noun Locative Conjunction Conjunction Verb Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Locative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb Noun Locative

Na 18 Na 18 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 16 Na 16 Na 8, 10 Na Na Na Na Na Na 8, 10 Na Na Na Na 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na M Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Atene/Anteza Atombe Atuka/Utuka Aulao Aumwi ngoma njazyi njazyana Awa Awa Awalo Awo Awo Aya Ayalo Ayebo Ayo Aza Aze Azo Azya Azya baalumi abamakaintu Azyalazyo Azyalo Ba Ba Ba kumbele Ba-anga Baacisyanyina Baama Baama Baama bamwi Baanga Baba Baba Baba Babelesi Babo Bacaalizya Bacembele Bacisya Bacisya Bacucu Bagwasyilizi Baila Baimbinyina Bakaapa Bakalibuzyi bulwazi Bakamwali BakkaleBukkale Bala Bala Bala Bala Balana Balangala Balasalala Balasiya Balauka Balika Balinenede Balizyanya Balizyanya Balo Balongwe Balya Bamabwaako/Ba makwe Baako

Tonga-English Perhaps Dirty Free from trouble It also Each dances to the drum they know Here On here He/she/it also On there They also This, these It, they also Thou also That, those This, these Thou also That, those About Gender They also They also Be Become Be ahead Seem Maternal uncle Mother of mine My mother Aunt Seem Itch Itch These Workers Those Those left behind The elderly (plural) Uncle (polite) Uncles Rats Counterparts The ila people Fellow singers Grandparent They knew the disease Daughter in law Traditions Count Read Shine Study Do by turns See through Light complexion Dark complexion Be countable Run to Fat (specifically the body) Argue about Argue about whose turn it is They Friends Yonder, those yonder Your in laws Page 10

Conjunction Adjective Verb Pronoun Proverb Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Demonstrative Pronoun Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Demonstrative Conjunction Noun Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Noun Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Phrase Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Pronoun Noun Demonstrative Noun

Na Na Na 3 Na 16 16 1, 2 16 6 6 4, 9 8, 10 6 6 8, 10 6 Na Na 8, 10 8, 10 Na Na Na Na 2 2 2 2 Na Na Na 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Na 2 2 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 2 Na Na Na Na Na 2 2 2 2

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na I I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na

Bamakaintu Bamakwaakwe Bamakwaangu Bamamazyala Bamasela Bamasi Bamba Bamba Bamba Bamba Bamba Bamba Bamba Bamba Bambana Bambana Bambene Bambi Bambikana Bambila Bambila Bambila Bambulula Bambulula Bambulula Bambulula Bameenzu Bamooba Bamucaala Bamuminzi Bamwami Banabamung'anda Banabamusokwe Banacisya Banako Banakwe Banamacaaca Banda Bandika Bandika Bang'anga Banga Banga bayambula kufwaambana Bangaboyambulakufwombaana Bangila Bankoya Bano Banoko Bantu Bantu bomwe Banyina Banyina Banyina Banyoko Banyoko Banzya Bapengede Basibbuku Basimabbuku Basololi bamuminzi Bata Bataata Batamina Batatazyala

Tonga-English Women His/her in laws My in laws Mother in law Peers People of other countries Arrange Care Look after Make Mend Nurture Put in order Take care of Be together Border Adjoining Other person Be formed Arrange for Care for Nurture for Amend Correct Fix Repair Host (polite or plural) Type of masabe dance Orphans Villagers Chief (polite or plural) Legitimate children Illegitimate children Mother Thy wife (polite) His wife (polite) Shadow game Name Converse Discuss Traditional healers Knock out the front teeth High risk High risk Put in wattles for The nkoya people These, these here Thy mother (polite) People Nation His mother (polite) Mother of Mother of his/hers Mother of yours Thy mother (polite) Wattle with Vulnerable people Headman (polite) Headmen (polite) Traditional leaders Father Father Settle (sediment) Father in law Page 11

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Noun Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun

2 2 2 2 2 2 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 2 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 Na Na Na 2 Na Na Na Na 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Na 2 1 2 2 2 2 Na 2

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Batauka Batonga Batyani Baya Baya Baya Bayanzene Bayi Bayi bapati Bayi bapati Bba Bba Bbaabbalisya Bbaatikizya Bbabbanuka Bbabbaula Bbabbula Bbadela Bbadela Bbala Bbala Bbala Bbambo Bbanga Bbanki Bbansula Bbasi Bbatilwa Bbeeke Bbeseni Bbidwa Bbigwa Bbila Bbila Bbila Bbilila Bbilingana Bbilingana Bbilingana Bbilwa Bbindamuna Bbizya Bbobokela Bbobokela Bbokesi Bbola Bbola Bbola Bbolabbola Bboloka Bbonsyeka Bbonsyeka Bbonta Bboodi Bbooho Bboonko Bbopeni Bbosyoka Bbozo Bbubbula Bbubbula Bbubbumuka Bbudaila Bbudaila

Tonga-English Fall off The tonga people What are they doing? Awkward Become blind Careless Partners Teacher Head master Head teacher Bar Steal Stutter Catch in the act Peel off (intransitive) Plough lightly Peel off (transitive) Pay Pay fees Carry Carry on the back Word Rib Bank Bank Break Bus Be very busy Bag Basin Have been stolen from Be stolen Go down Set (the sun) Sink Disappear Get a move on Hurry Push through Be deep Turn upside down Baptise Get bogged Sink Coffin Ball Football Soccer (the sport) Gonorrhoea Burst Be preferable Prefer Beat Board Borehole Spinach Pen Burst (intransitive) Goitre A strong gust of wind Blow strongly Flap wings Parcel Wrap Page 12

Verb Noun Question Adjective Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na 2 Na Na Na Na 2 2 2 2 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 5 Na 5 Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 5 Na 5 14 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes No No No No No Yes Yes No Yes No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bbudaila Bbuka Bbuka Bbulauzi Bbule Bbulo Bbulo Bbululu Bbuma Bbumbu Bbunta Bbununa Bbununa Bbuwa Bbwaluka Bbya Bede Bede Beja Bejelana Bejelana Bejelezya Bekete Belausya Beleka Beleka Belekela Belekela Belesya Benda Beni Beni Beno Benzinyina Benzinyoko Besa Besa/Bweza Beteka Beza Bezeka Bezulula Bi Bi Bia Biibi Biizyika Bija Bija Bija Bija Bija Bika mali mucintu cakuleta mpindu Bikilila Bikka Bikka antoomwe Bikkila Bikkilila Bila Bila Bili Bili Bilika Bilika Bilila

Tonga-English Wrap up Appear in view Appear suddenly Blouse Honey badger Beer drums Steel drum A relative Become barren Pubic bone Lie in the dust Uncover Unmask Yard (place) Beat fast (heart) Belch Be in the state of Been, become Lie Bet Wager Betray Bucket Play along with Labour Work Serve Work for Use `stalk (game) One another Themselves These, these here His/her friends Your friends Carve Take Judge Carve Be carvable Recarve Bad Ugly Be bad Bad Sob Be bad Be ugly Be unclean Be unfortunate Do wrong Investment Bear a grudge against Put Organize/put together Put for Be revengeful Be boiling Boil Second Two Be anxious Worry Become angry Page 13

Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Demonstrative Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na 5 1 5 5 1 Na 5 Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 2 2 2 2 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na I M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bililizya Bimba Bina Binda Bindamuka Bindamuna Binga Binga Binzya Binzya Binzya Bisi Bisizya Bisizya Bisya Bisya Bisya Bisya Biya Biyo Bizwa Bizwa Bizya Bo Bo Bo Boba Boba Bobo Bobu Bola Bola Bola Bola Bola Bolya Bomba Bomba Bomba Bomba bomba Bomwe Bona Bona mulimo mbowenda Bonana Boneka Boneka Bonekelwa Bonesya Bongo Bongo Bono Bononona Bonwa Bonya Boobo Boobo Boobo Boobu Boobu Boofwu Boola Boonse Boowa Bosya

Tonga-English Restrict Tremble Mother of Hurry Fall head over heals Turn upside down Drive animals Drive cattle Cause to drive, drive with Cause to hurry Hasten (transitive) Raw, unripe Sin against Spoil for Damage Harm Ruin Spoil Just, only Only, just Be ready for cooking Be ripe Boil It Only, simply They Bellow Roar That, thus This, these Be rotten Decay Decomposition Rot Rot Yonder Be humble Be soft Pray Very soft Unity See Monitor See each other Be visible Look like Be admired See well, see clearly Brains Knowledge This, this here See again Be seen Appear In that way Like that, thus Thus In this way Like this, thus Blindness Come Everyone Fear Be sharp Page 14

Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adverb Adverb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Adverb Pronoun Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Phrase Adverb Conjunction Phrase Adverb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb

Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na 2 Na Na 14 14 Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na Na Na Na 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 14 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na 2 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bosya Bosya Bosya Bota Bota Botela Botelwa Botesya Botesya Botu Bowa Boya Boya Boya Boya Boza Bozezya Bozya Bu kwabilizi bwa mubili Bubanje Bube Bubesyi bwamali Bubi Bubotu Bubotu bwameenda Bucedo Bucete Buci Budima Budodoodo Bufumba Bufwi Bufwu Bufwuba-fwuba Bufwumba Bugwatiigwa Bugwatiigwa Bujaka Buka Buka Bukali Bukali Bukali Bukaonde Bukata Bukilwa Bukkale Bukkale Bukoko Bukome Bukonkoolo Bukoto Bukowa/Bukuwa Bukwabikwabi Bukwabukwabu Bula Bula Bula Bula Bula Bula Bula coolwe Buleele Bulelo

Tonga-English Embellish Sharp Sharpen Be good Be pretty Please someone Be pleased Be very good Improve (transitive) Good Mushrooms Animal fur Body hair Hair (fur) Wool Body hair Rot for Cause to rot Immunisation Toothless gums Climate Budget Evil Goodness Water quality Dawn Poverty Honey Valley dance Sweat bits of food Dung Jealous Flour meal Stupidity Manure Ledge Shelf Tale bearing Rise Wake up Anger Fierceness Irascibility Kaonde land Sloth Be taken possesion by Attitudes Behaviour Beer Waste Stick rhythms Sore throat Western culture Stick rhythms Stick rhythms Be short of Be without Gut Intestine Lack Stomach Unlucky Small bundles of grass Government Page 15

Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na Na 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na 14 14 14 14 14 Na Na Na 14 14 14 14 14 Na 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na Na 14 14 Na 14 Na 14 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bulelo Bulembe bwazintu Bulemu Bulengo Buleya Buleya Buleya Buleya Bulila Bulila Bulila Bulila Bulilu Bulilu Bulimi Bulimi Bulimo Bulo Bulondo Bulondo Bulonga Bulongo Bulongo Bulongo Bulongo Bulongo buyakubbililwa Bulongwe Bulowa Bulowa bujisi tuzunda Bulozi Bulozi Buluba Buluka Buluke Bulukwe Bulukwe Bulumbu Bulungu Bulungu Bulungu Bulwazi Bulwazi Bulwazi bwanzala Bulya Bulyango Bulyo Bumambi Bumambi Bumba Bumba Bumbaila Bumbi Bumbwa Bumukamwini busena Bumvwa Bunda Bunda Bunda-bunda Bunene Bungana Bungana Bunganya Bungetengele Bungu

Tonga-English Rule Inventory Respect Hole Crowd Folk Public The public Be insufficient Be lacking Not to be Not to have Provision Ration Agriculture Farming Ploughed land Bed Neatness Sanitation River system Clay Earth Mud Soft mud Ritual clay put on during funeral Friendship Blood Contaminated blood Land of the lozi people Witchcraft Cotton Fade completely Trousers Dress pants Trousers Reward Beads Beadwork Necklace Disease Sickness Malnutrition That yonder, yonder Burrow Only, simply Adultery Infidelity Make pottery Mould Make smooth Very much Be bored by termites Land tenure Thorn Become faded Become worn Become slightly faded Old age Call together Gather together Gather together (transitive) Type of masabe dance Chaff Page 16

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Noun Adverb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Adverb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun

14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na Na Na Na 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na 14 14 Na Na Na Na Na 14 14 Na Na Na 14 Na Na Na 14 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na I Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bungu Bunjaka Bunji bwameenda Bunkumu-nkumu Buno Bunono Bunsonje Buntele Buntu Buntu Buntususu Bunumfwu Bunweba Bunweba Bunyeela Bunyina Bunyololo Bunzuka Bupampu Busambazi Busambazi Busamkwa Busani Busani Busani Busankwa Busena Busena Busena Busenga Busenga Bushiku Busi Busiku Busiku Busina Busiwa Busololi Busonga Busongo Busu Buswa Busya Busyu Buta Buta;a Butala Butangazi Butezelele Butezelele Buti Butika Butolo Butonga Buulula Buulula Buumba Buumi Buumi Buumi bwenu boonse Buumi bwenu boonse Buusu Buuza Buvwuule

Tonga-English Pollen Disturbance Water quantity Crumbs This, this here Yaws Young maize Powdered groundnuts Humanism Humanity Human rights Smell Cotton thread Thread Tickles Humanism Bicycle chain Wax Skills Business Sales Penis Loam Minerals Nutrition Boyhood Environment Open space Place Bran Coarse meal siftings Day Smoke Darkness Day Pus Dregs Leadership Buds Wisdom Flour meal Joke Wake someone Face Bow Maize bin Grain bin Gluttony Slipperiness Slippery place How? Lull a child to sleep Laziness Land of the tonga people Shell Shell maize Sadness Health Life For the rest of your life Rest of your life Sadness Kindness Prostitution Page 17

Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Question Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Phrase Phrase Noun Noun Noun

14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na Na 14 14 Na Na 14 14 14 Na Na 14 14 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Buya Buya Buya Buyamba Buyani Buyeeye Buyo Buyo Buyo Buyo buzuba Buyumayuma Buyumuyumu Buyumuyumu Buza Buzike Buzolwani Buzuba Buzuba Buzuba abuzuba Buzuba buccilila Buzuba buccilila Buzumi Buzya Buzya Bwaalwa Bwaamu Bwaanda Bwaanda Bwaanda Bwaapubwaapu Bwabili Bwacha Bwakujika Bwalo Bwalumi Bwami Bwami Bwami Bwana Bwane Bwasanu Bwatatu Bwato Bweeda Bweele Bweele Bweemya Bweende Bweende Bweendelezi Bweenze Bweenze Bweka Bwela Bwemya Bwene Bwenta Bwenta Bwentela Bweza Bweza Bweza Bweza Bweza

Tonga-English Blister Burn Eat without relish Carelessness How? Twigs Just Only Simply That day Difficulties Complications Difficulties Eat without relish Slavery Friendship Day Marital jealousy Daily Following day Next day Life Ask Deprive Beer Lust Wall Walls Well Extravigent giving Tuesday Dawn Recipe It Penis Chiefdom Kingdom Wealth Childhood Thursday Friday Wednesday Boat Return Itch Scabies Shame Meeting minutes Movement Job of master of ceremonies Semen Sperm Inveigh against Return Scent Be seen Scold Upbraid Scold Carry Pick Take Take in hand Transport Page 18

Noun Noun Verb Noun Question Noun Adverb Adverb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

14 14 Na 14 Na 14 Na Na Na 14 14 14 14 Na 14 14 14 14 Na 14 14 14 Na Na 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na Na 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bwezelela Bwiilili Bwiinga Bwiinga Bwiinguzi Bwila Bwina Bwini Bwisu Bwiya Bwizu Bwizu Byabi Byala Byala Byeni Ca Ca Ca Caala Caali Caali Caali Caalizya Caambikwa Caanda Caando Caandu Caanga Caankuni Caano Caazya Cabija Cabija Cabili Cakufwala Cakufwambaana Cakula cang'ombe/Cakulya Cakulijaya Cakulya Cakulya cazifuwa Cakusambila Cakusanguna Cakweendela Cala Cala Calang'anda Calo Camacembele Camalabali Camba Camutunzyo Canda Catatu Caulutwi Causulacilezu Cayila Ccelesegwa Ccelesya Ccelwa Ccija Ccija Ccisa Ccita

Tonga-English Pick up Small species of flying ant Bride groom Wedding Answers Land of the ila people Burrow Itself Grass Thorn Grass Long grass Bad Plant Sow How? Dance Dawn Snare Remain Deliberately Intentionally On purpose Become last Large pot for cooking nsima Old house Mark Ice Bushbaby Axe Story Remain with Sorry That's too bad The second Carving tool Quickly Fodder At a break-neck pace Food Bone meal Wash place The first Means of transport Big toe Thumb The thumb It Placenta Nonsense Chest Fertalizer Thick sour milk The third Deaf person Money received by brides father Drive cattle Be delayed Delay a person Be late Flee Flee in fear Iron I don’t know about…. Page 19

Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Verb Question Verb Verb Verb Verb Adverb Adverb Adverb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Interjection Phrase Noun Noun Adverb Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Interjection Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Phrase

Na 14 1 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na Na Na 7 7 Na 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 1 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ccita buyo kuti Ccita kuti Ccovwa Ccovwa Ccovwa Ccuka Ccumayila Cecesya Cecetula Ceci Ceco Ceede Ceele Ceelo Ceelo Ceetezya Cegwa Cela Cela Cela Cela Celezya Celezya Celwa Celya Cembaala Cembaala Cembaala Cembele Cembele Cende kkovu Cenga Cenga Cengama Cengeme Cengwa Cenjela Cenjela Cenjela Cenjela Ceno Cesya Ceta Cetaala Cete Ceya Ceya Ceyo Chilenge Chitonga Ciba Ciba Ciba Ciba Cibaanda Cibaka Cibaki Cibaki Cibaki Cibaki Cibalu Cibalu Cibambili Cibanda

Tonga-English Only if Unless Cycle Peddle Ride a bicycle Sugar Preach Lay eggs Gnaw This That Be left behind Porridge Evil spirit of the dead Ghost It is pitiable Be snared Graze Pick Pluck Pull Hinder Prevent Be late That, that yonder Age Be old Become old Aged Old Hernia Cheat Deceive Be unbalanced Be in unbalanced state Be decieved Be careful Be clever Beware Take care This, this here Adjust Vervet monkey Be poor Poor Be little Be small Time of plenty Lenge language Tonga language Cattle kraal Corral Kraal Negotiate marriage by boys parents Molar Place Coat Dress shirt Garment Jacket Grass screen Wind screen Railway platform Plain Page 20

Phrase Conjunction Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Noun Noun Noun Phrase Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Noun Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Noun Verb Adjective Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na 7 7 Na 7 7 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na 7 Na Na Na Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Cibandu Cibango Cibawe Cibaya Cibbaddela Cibbaddela Cibbadela Cibbudula Cibeela Cibeela Cibeela Cibelesyo Cibelesyo Cibelo Cibinde Cibinzyo Cibisilo Cibiya Cibize Cibizi Cibozu Cibule Cibuno Cibuye Cibwantu Cibwantu Cicelo Cicende Cicinda Cicisa Cicisa Cidumba Cifuwa Cifwanikiso Cifwanikiso Cifwanikiso Cifwuko Cifwulo Cifwumo Cifwumo-fwumo Cifwumu Cifwunda ng'anga Cifwuwa Cigabba Cigabba Cigamba Cigamina Cigayo Cigome Cigumo Cigusu Ciimbo Ciimbo Ciimo Ciimo Ciimo Ciindi Ciindi Ciindi Ciindi Ciindi Ciindi cabuluba Ciindi cakusaanguna Ciindi camwaka

Tonga-English Plain Shallow basket Otter Careless animal Clinic Hospital Clinic Shorts (1 pair) Ministry Part Section Instrument Tool Thigh Insanity caused by not cleansing Driving stick Gourd Pot Zebra Zebra Goitre Honey badger Waist Floor Light beer Sweet beer (non alcoholic) Bad medicine Hernia Verandah poles Sore Wound Grass shelter Bone Illustration Picture Stature Nest Knife Tomorrow Morning Measles Witchdoctor medicine Bone Can Tin can for food Patch Direct and clear Grinding mill Type of masabe dance Thumb Goods train Hymn Song Height Physique Stature Long ago Opportunities Opportunity Season Time Flowering season Debt Seasons Page 21

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ciindi cilamfwu Ciindi nzi Ciinga Ciingano Ciintu Ciiyo Cijazyo Cikaambekaambe Cikala Cikala Cikala Cikanda Cikanda Cikandacivwumba museke Cikandi Cikazyo Cikkeyi Cikko Cikko Ciko Ciko Cikobela Cikobo Cikoboko Cikoci Cikocikala Cikolo Cikolo Cikolo Cikombelo Cikombelo Cikomezya Cikomo Cikotamino Cikoto Cikoto Cikoto Cikoto Cikoye Cikoyo Cikozyano Cikozyano Cikozyanyo Cikuju Cikukuzyo Cikuta Cikuta Cikuwa Cikuwa Cikwaakwa Cikwakwa Cikwakwa Cikwankwa Cikwelete Cikwelete Cikwibbukwibbu Cikwikwi Cilaa mulimo Cilala Cilalila Cilayi Cileba Cilemu Cilenge

Tonga-English Long term What time is it? Family Cross Product Lesson Door Type of womens dance Shallow well Water hole Well Leather Skin Foreskin Porridge mixed with sour milk Grinding mill Well Fireplace Hearth Instalment of marriage payment Marriage payment Garment Midday meal Usually Ox cart Ox cart Primary school School Secondary school Chapel Church Protein Goal Lintel Abscess Knot Lump Tumour Eyelash Eyelid Image Representation Example Bore-hole Broom Gazebo Insaka English European language Slasher Scythe Slasher Eczema Credit Debt Whipping Swarm of locusts Useful Drought Evening meal Sledge Axe Heavy responsibility Lenge language Page 22

Noun Question Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Cilengwa Cilengwa Cilengwa na leza Cilengwu Cilesya kumita Cileye Cilezowa Cilezowa Cilezu Cilezu Cili coonse Cilimba Cilimba Cilimba Cilimo Cilimo Cilindi Cilindi Cilisyo Ciliya Ciloba Cilombo Cilonda Cilonda Cilongo Ciloto Ciluke Ciluli Ciluma mooye Cilundu Cilundu Cilwi Cilya Cilyango Cima Cima Cima Cima Cima Cimamo Cimbayambaya Cimbuzi Cimbuzi Cimbwali Cimbwali Cimo Cimonsyo Cimowa Cimpati Cimpayana Cimvule Cimvwule Cimwa Cimwa Cimwa Cimwa Cimwa Cimwensi Cimwi ciindi Cimyongela Cinamala Cinanta Cinca Cincana

Tonga-English System (custom) Tradition Natural Custom Contraception Bundle Custom Habit Bear Chin Anything Accordion Musical instrument Radio Dry season Hot season Hole Rubbish pit or hole Relish Giel before menstration Seven Prayer Sore Ulcer Pot Dream Worn out trousers Roof Liver first tasted by initiate Hill Lump Heap Yonder, that yonder Rain spirit gate Annoy Be distrastful to Bore Nauseate Tantalize Patch Lorry Latrine Lavatory Potatoes (sweet) Sweet potatoe Character Left Spinach Kraal Desert Shade Shade Be annoyed Be bored Be fed up Be filled with distate Be nauseated Left Sometimes Indigestion Light beer Leprosy Change Barter Page 23

Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Number Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na Na Na Na Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na 7 7 7 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Cincana Cineemuneemu Cinena Cing'anda/Cingande Cingengema Cingilila Cingomo Cinicini Cinicini Cinicini Cinicini Ciniini Cinkomba Cinkombe Cinkubala Cinkuli Cinkwa Cinkwa Cino Cinondo Cinsema Cinsema Cinsungwe Cinsuungwe Cinsyungwa Cintaambwe Cintelentele Cintolo Cintombwe Cintoolo Cintoolo Cintu Cintu cidula Cintu cijatikizya mwida Cinyama Cinyama Cinyina Cinywe Cinywe Cinywido Cinzuma Cipala mwida Cipampuzyo Cipanela Cipaya Cipaya Cipayililo Cipekupeku Cipembele Cipiilo Cipikili Cipiko Cipimo Cipoko Cipompo Cipubuko Cipwaza Cisa Cisa Cisa Cisaka Cisambilo Cisambomwe Cisamu

Tonga-English Swap Matress Vestibule Name of a dance Rim Prevent Steel drum Exceedingly Much Really Very Gums (anatomy) Okra Scab Team of oxen Calabash Bread Loaf of bread This, this here Boss Colostrum First milk after calfing Rabies Rabies Spinach Rash Groundnut mash Shop Rash Shop Store Thing Valuable thing Abdominal Bad animal Beast Mother cow Cramp Rheumatism Drinking vessel Basket Pelvic inflammatory disease Serving spoon Spanner Leather Skin Altar Television Rhinoceros Container for ritual beer Nail (carpentry) Left Clinic Knife Skull Confession (catholic) Thick sour milk Be painful Harm Pain Wood (forest) Bathing shelter Six Log Page 24

Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na 7 7 7 7 Na 7 Na Na Na Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na Na Na 7 7 7 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na

Cisamu Cisamu Cisanda Cisani Cisani Cisani cakunsi Cisanu Cisanza Cisasa Cisasa Cisela Cisi Cisi Cisi Cisi Cisiko Cisiko Cisiko Cisila Cisiniini Cisinka mulomo Cisobano Cisonyo Cisoongo Cisubilo Cisubulo Cisuntu Cisusulo Cisuwa Cisuwo Cisuwo Ciswa Ciswa Ciswa Ciswamoyo Ciswe Ciswepu Ciswide Cisyango Cisyango campindu Cisyano Cisyiko Cisyobo Cisyomezyo Cisyu Cisyu canyama Cisyumani Cisyungwa Cita Cita Citaka Citangazyiba Cite Citeente Citeesyi Citende Citendele Citenge Citenge Citengwa Citesyeni Citewu Citibilo Citika

Tonga-English Stick Tree Bed leg Cloth Clothing Underwear Fiver Raised platform to store maize Carpet Viper Half Country Land Nation (country) Place (country) Shade of a tree Stem Trunk Ochre Gums Bribe Game Divining tool Type of masabe dance Bladder Punishment Suddenly Lunch Winnowing basket Bush Veld Be ill Be in pain Be sick Be depressed Species of wild cat Whip Be in state of sickness Crop Cash crops Engagement Venue Language Promise Relish Meat relish Vegetable Spinach Do Make Small fish Pool Have Nest Something absent Pumpkin Door Patterned cloth Wrapper Usage (habit) Station Bush Pedal Happen Page 25

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 Na Na Na Na 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na Na 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 5 7 7 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Citima Citina Cito Citofu Citolopo Citolopo Citondezyo Citonga Citongo Cituba meso Cituku Cituli Cituli Cituli Cituli Cituli Citumwa-tumwa Cituta Cityobilwa Civubwa Civubwe Civuka Civunisya Civwubwe Civwuna ng'ombe Civwunisyo Civwunisyo Ciwa Ciwa Ciwena Ciya Ciyako Ciyako Ciyanga Ciyani Ciyanza Ciyanza Ciyanze Ciyeema Ciyobwe camacende Ciyobwedo cabweeze Ciyumayuma Ciyumwida Ciyuni Cizapule Cizibyo Cizibyo Cizibyo Cizimo Cizimyo Cizubukilo Cizuminano Cizuminano Cizuminano Cizungulu boombe Cizyalilo Cizyano Cizyo Cocoma Cokoma Cokoma Comacembele Cooko Cooko cakumusanza

Tonga-English Train Brick Ford Stove Leather thong Reins Sign Tonga language Ruins White eyed Closed fist Chop (of meat) Chunk Meat with the bone Piece of meat Steak Tip Foot Deposit of mud left by water Domestic animal Hippopotamus Grass hut Cover Hippo Second rains Cover Lid Appearance Aspect Crocodile Gas Building pole Piece of building material Fool Aids Custom Scenario Fellowship Type of valley dance Scrotum Seminal vesicle Drought Container for carrying luggage Aids Type of dance Notice Sample Sign Inherited talent Eraser Crossing place Agreement Bond Pact Dizziness Uterus Dance Member (of the body) Sizzle Be painful Pain Afterbirth Part of a region Southern part Page 26

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na Na Na 7 7 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Cooko cakumusanza Coolwe Coolwe Coolwe Coonde Coonde Coonde Coongo Covoola Covwa njuka Cubila Cucu Cula Culuba Cumaila Cumayila Cumba Cumba Cumba meno Cunda cunda Cunka-cunka Cuta Cuubi Cuude Cuuka Cuula Cuulu Cuulu Cuulu Cuulutwi Cuumbwe Cuuna Cuuna Cuundu Cuundu Cuuno Cuuno Cuuno Cuuno Cuuno cambwabikasa/Chambwalakasa Cuute Cuzula Cuzula Dabana Dabununa Dabununa Dadamuka Debelwa Dedema Dekenya Delele Deluka Deluka Delukisya Delula Denkete Desiki Dibba Didinkana Diimana/Dingama Dikiti Dilika Dilisya Dilwe

Tonga-English Southern province Blessing Good fortune Luck Forest Peanut Peanut butter Noise Blow bubbles Play cards Play with Large house rat Frog Wriggle Preach Preach Brush Polish Brush teeth Disturbed Trot Move along on buttocks Ringworm Abcess Insect Termite Ant Anthill Thousand Deaf person Grave Chair Stool Home Village Chair Saddle Seat Stool Traditonal stool Boil Abrase Scrape off skin Dance with rapid steps Uncoil Undo a seam Stretch out Procession Be hoarse Tickle Okra Be ragged Be torn Be badly torn Tear, make ragged Corridor cattle disease Desk Dip cattle Be ugly Become bent Ticket Collapse Cause to finish drinking Funeral Page 27

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Number Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na 5 Na Na 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No Yes No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Dindi Dindi Dingama Dinka Dinka Dinkila Dinkilwa Dinta Dokota Dokotela Dokotwa Dolopo Domba Domeka/Doneka Domeka/Doneka Donkoka Donkola Donkola Donkola Donta Doomoka Doona Dooneka Dooti Dubula Duka Dukumana Dula Dula Dulesi Dunda Dunda Dunda Dunta Duntauka Duntaula Duunyana Duze Dyabila Dyalauka Dyaminina Dyaminina Eba Eba Ebeka Ebela Ebela Ebela Ebela Ebela Ebela Ebelela Ebelezya Ebelezya Ecino Eciya Ecizya Eco Ee Eeleba Eelena Eelyo Eelyo Eembela

Tonga-English Hole Pit Bend over Butt Stuff Block hole with sticks Be stuffed Stomp Vaccinate Vet Be vaccinated Town Touch with a finger Light (candle, etc) Set alight Be pierced Bore a hole Break into Drill a hole Poke Come pouring out Perhaps Doubt Trash Shoot Become famous Become bent Be expensive Dear Dress Boast Brag Praise Crouch Palpitate Stub trees Strain in pulling Verandah Limp Ignore on purpose Compress Press down Arrange a marriage Court Be admirable Admire Arrange a marriage for Gaze Gaze at in admiration Look at Watch television Constantly see Be a spectator Look on This here That, that yonder Drive That Yes (positive affirmation) Avoid Be even Then Therefore Herd Page 28

Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Conjunction Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Demonstrative Affirmation Verb Verb Conjunction Conjunction Verb

5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 7 Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Eena! Eena? Egesi Ela Ela Elana Elana Elana Elana koonse-koonse Elanya Eleba Elede Elede Elede Elela Elele Elele Elele Elene Elene Elezya Eli Elino Eliya Elyo Ema Ema Embela Embela Embo Embo Emo Empa Empo Empula Ena Ena Enana Enco Enda Enda Enda Enda Enda amaulu Enda amaulu Endeenda Endeenda Endeka Endeka Endelezya Endelezya Endelezya Endesya Endesya Endikke Endime Endimwe Endinywe Endiswe Endiwe Endo Enduwe Enenzunuka Enenzunuka

Tonga-English Of course! Is that so? Aids Be measured Measure Compare Flat Measure eachother Square Equalize Avoid Must Ought Should Fit (for a suit, etc) Fit Must Suit Comparable Equal Be last This This, this here That, that yonder That Announce a death Lament for dead Herd Shepard It is not it It is not they It is not in there Afflict It is not on there Arouse sexual passion Flatter Spy Observe eachother It is not it Go Journey Travel Walk Go on foot Walk Go about Visit Be crossable Be walkable Govern Lead Supervise Travel quickly Walk hard I alone It is not i It is not you It is not you It is not we It is not thou It is not it It is not thou Be molten Melt (intransitive) Page 29

Interjection Interjection Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Adverb Adverb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb

Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na 14 2 18 Na 16 Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 11 Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Enga Enga Engelamusa Engelela Engelela Engo Enguwo Engwe Enjo Enjo Enko Enko Enko Eno Ensengana Ento Enzeenzya Enzemuka Enzu Enzu Enzu Enzununa Enzya Enzya Enzyanya Enzyanya Enzyo Epa Epula Epula Esyemuka Eta Eta Etelela Etezegwa Etezya Etezya Etezya Etezya Evi Eyi Eyi Eyi Eyo Eyo Eyo Ezhi Ezhi Ezho Ezho Ezi Ezi Ezino Ezino Eziya Ezya Ezyanya Ezyeezya Ezyeezya Ezyo Foloko Foni Foola Fooma

Tonga-English Mark out Trace a sign Bride cooks first time for family Forgive Show mercy It is not it It is not it It is not he/she/it It is not it It is not they It is not it It is not it It is not there Now Wandering about It is not they Drive around Melt (intransitive) Foreign New Strange Melt (transitive) Guide Lead Compete Overtake one another It is not they Hoe a path Deceive Flatter Sneeze Bend Bring Bring along Feel sympathy Arouse pitty Feel pity Make sad Sadden This These This Those That That Those These This That These These These These This here Those yonder Compare Compare eachother Guess Reckon Those Fork Phone Drill (soldiers) Pant Page 30

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Noun Verb Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Noun Noun Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na 6 3 1 9 4 13 15 17 Na Na 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8, 10 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 4 9 4 4 9 4 4, 9 4, 9 4, 9 4, 9 8 10 8, 10 8, 10 8, 10 Na Na Na Na 9, 10 5 5 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Fosholo Fosyolo Fotola Fuba Fubaala Fubaazya Fubafuba Fugama Fugama Fugamina Fugamina Fukila Fukula Fukula Fula Fula Fula Fula Fulawa Fulicoongo Fulida Fuluka Fulula Fulusya Fulwe Fuma Fuma Fumba Fumba Fumbata Fumbatila Fumpa Fumpya Fumpya Fumuka Fumuna Fumuna Funda Funda Funda Funda Funda Fundika Fundika Fundisya Fungwe Funka Funku Funya Fusa Fusa Fusa Futa Futatila Futuka Futuka Futula Futula Futula Futusya Futusya Fuundana Fwa Fwaafwi

Tonga-English Shovel Shovel Photograph Be uncooked (nsima) Act foolishly Make a fool of oneself Foolish Kneel Kneel down Adore Worship Weed Be sleepy Doze Be many Be much Forge Sharpen (a spear) Flower Rainbow Blow upon Become emaciated Flower Make thin Tortoise Get up early Start early Burrow Dig Embrace Handle Make blunt Be blunt Blunt Become detached Detach Take off Learn Remove bark from a tree Skin Skin an animal Strip Be skinnable Be strippable Teach Species of wild cat Plough Beer Close the eyes Fire a shot Shoot Throw Sulk Turn ones back Be safe Survive Deliver Rescue Save Deliver Save Become narrow Die Close Page 31

Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective

5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Fwaafwi Fwaamba Fwaamba Fwaamba Fwaambana Fwaambana Fwaka Fwala Fwala Fwala Fweba Fweba Fwebya Fwebya Fwepa Fwepa Fwida Fwida Fwidilila Fwidilila Fwidwa Fwidwa Fwiifwi Fwiimpa Fwiimpya Fwima Fwinyafwinya Fwisyafwisya Fwoloko Fwua Fwuba Fwubafwuba Fwukila Fwukuma Fwula Fwulida Fwunga Fwusa Fwusambukila Fwusukila Fwusukila Fwutila Gabba Gagayila Gama Gama Gama Gama Gamba Gamba Gamba Gambika Gambwa Gambwa Gambya Ganka Gankila Gansya Gati Gauka Gaya Gaya Gaya Gela

Tonga-English Short Fast Hasten Hurry Hasten Hurry Tobacco Plane wood Priest Sharpen Smoke Smoke tobacco Cause to smoke Use to smoke Smoke Smoke tobacco Die for Die to Die utterly Perish utterly beyond hope Be robbed of Lose Short Become short Shorten Hunt Wink Feign death Fork Posses Posses Stupid Plaster edge of foundation Disturb coals Blow Blow upon Grow Throw Overflow Flow over Overflow Save Tin can for food Hammer in a nail Be absorbed in Go direct Refer to Take a direction Be amazed Be astonished Be surprised Patch Be astonished Be surprised Amaze Break off conversation Hobble with a stick Interrupt Exactly Be mad Grind Grind with a mill Mill Cut hair Page 32

Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Interjection Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na I M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Gilazi Gitali Gobelo Golamunzi Golonga Gonga Gongaula Gonka Gonka Gonka Gonka Gonka Gonkolola Gonkolola Guma Gumba Gumbuli Gunkaula Gunukila Gunwa Gunya Gusigwa Gusya Gusya Gusyamuya Guyaula Guyaula Gwasilizya Gwasya Gwasya Gwisya Gwisya Gwisya Gwitingana Haafwuma Haakalindizyo Haakamwale Haamatika Haambololo Haanankange Haankalibonena Hala Hamaidoombe Hanyisi Hena Hodi Hodini Honda Hotela I? Iamba Ibaluka Ibbaba Ibbaka Ibbala Ibbala Ibbambo Ibbanga Ibbele Ibbeula Ibbibi Ibbili Ibbiliki Ibbiza

Tonga-English Mirror Guitar Gazebo for men One who destroys a village Mix language Scold Clear the fields of growths Amputate Chop Curse Cut Cut down trees Cut off Trim Touch Thick bush with many trees Container Stub trees Appear from other side Be embarrassed Embarrass Be taken out Remove Take out Exhale Shorten Summarize Support Assist Help Extract Remove Take out Be busy One who sets out early in morning Girl who attains novice Attendent of initiate Name of a dance Kudu Meat for people staying the night One who must see for him/herself Rake Chicken pox Onion (question marker) (call word) (call word) Motorcycle Hotel Where Hoe Remember Wing Big place Letter of the alphabet Word Rib Hectare Udder Mattock Flame Big body Bridge Horse Page 33

Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Marker Interjection Interjection Noun Noun Question Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 5 5 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 Na 5 1 5 1 5 5 5 Na Na Na 5 5 Na 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 5 5 5

No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ibbodela Ibbokesi Ibbola Ibbozu Ibbuleke Ibbulo Ibbuyu Ibbwe Ibe Ibila Ibondwwe Ibovu Ibuzu Ibwe Iccende Ice Ici Ico Ida Ida Ida Ida Idada Idanga Idebelwa Idebelwa Ideede Idi Idi Idiba Idiindi Idikati Idilwe Idilwe Idizya Idolomu Idolopo Idosi Iduba Idundu Iduze Idyango Ifuka Ifuleenke Ifwosyolo Ifwosyolo Ifwu Ifwufwe Ifwuka Ifwuleenke Ifwuwa Igande Igande Igobelo Igogoogo Igondo Igoyooyo Igumba Igumba Igundu Igusu Igutwe Iguwo Iguwo

Tonga-English Bottle Box Ball Dewlap of cow Brake Drum barrel Baobab tree Stone It becomes Sink Type of herb used as relish Bubble Baobab tree Stone Testicle Alone This That Burn Stomach Water plants Womb Duck Drought Procession Row of people Tomato Coin Penny Stone trap Pit Mud guard Funeral Mourning Burn very much Drum for beer Town Drop Flower Marriage Verandah Big door Nine Orange Shovel Spade Stomach Lung Nine Orange Bone Food Toad Place for men or boys Paraffin tin Knee Throat Jungle Thicket Territory Goods train Big head Gale Strong wind Page 34

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Number Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Number Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 Na 7 7 Na 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

Yes No Yes No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na I Na Na I M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Igwaba Igwezo Igwo Ihempe Ihhala Ii Ii Iida Iima Iisigwa Iisya Iisya Iisyanya Ijamba Ijansi Ijanza Ijeleele Iji Iji lyabukaintu Ijilo Ijoko Ijombo Ijongolo Ijulu Ijulu Ijuunza Ijwi Ijwi Ika Ikalata Ikanya Ikkoma Ikkombo Ikkowa Ikkuba Ikkuko Ikkulumino Ikkumi Ikkutu Ikkwaambala Ikobili Ikole Ikombo Ikooye Ikoto Ikowa Ikuba Ikuko Ikumi Ikuta Ikuta Ikutu Ikwa Ile Ilezu Ili Ilikizya Iloolo Ilooni Iluba Ilundu Ilundu Ilya Ilya

Tonga-English Guava Shoulder Wind Shirt Harrow Egg Yes (positive affirmation) Water Stop Be taught Educate Teach Teach eachother Hoe Jacket Hand Cliff Egg Ovum Yesterday Yoke Boot Centipede Above The sky Tomorrow Voice Word Cook Card Mouth Door Navel Cucumber Maize stalk Shoulder-blade Throat Ten Animal skin Type of thorny cucumber Penny Snare Navel Twine Knotty, hard or unripe thing Cucumber Maize stalk Shoulder Ten Be full Be satiated Hide Shell of a nut etc Just Beard This Pile up Species of fruit Loan Flower Bush Veld These yonder Those yonder Page 35

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Interjection Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Number Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Demonstrative Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative

5 5 5 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na Na Na 5 5 Na 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na I M Na Na Na Na M M Na Na

Ilyo Ilyo Ilyo Ima Ima Ima Imba Imbaakani Imbala Imbalo Imbaula Imbayi Imbeba Imbede Imbele Imbelela Imbelele Imbeli Imbewu Imbezo Imbizi Imbolezi Imbongolo Imboni Imbotu Imbula Imbunga Imbunga Imbuto Imbuwo Imbwa Imbwiila Ime Imesi Imfumba Imfuti Imfwulumende Imika Imika Imika Imikila Imikizya Imikizya Iminina Iminina Impako Impako Impako Impana Impana Impana Impana Impanda Impanda Impanda Impande Impangala Impangala Impanza Impasya Impasya Impasya Impato Impato

Tonga-English After that Then Thereupon Refuse to give Stand Stop Sing Signal Hedge Wattles Brazier Mouse Mouse Drinking bowl Point (of a pencil, etc) Sheep Sheep Razor blade Vegetables Adze Zebra Manure Donkey Pupil (eye) Seed Fruit of the paranari mobola tree Crowd Flock Seed Gadfly Dog Ground pea I Pocket knife Hoof Gun Government Cause to stand Cause to stop Set up Stand up (intransitive) Stand up (transitive) Substitute Represent Stand for Crevice Hole Hollow Clever man Cross Differ Pass while missing the other Cross Cross (religion) Forked stick Cowrie shell Cave Grotto Baldness Belongings Goods (luggage) Luggage Sandal Sole of foot Page 36

Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na 9 5 9 5 5 9 1 9 5 9 9 9 9 9 5 9 5 5 9 5 9 5 9 9 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 9 9 9 5 Na Na Na 5 9 5 5 5 5 9 5 5 9 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

M M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Impemo Impenye/Impeene Impesulo Impeta Impeyo Impeyo Impilibili Impimbiziko Impimbiziko Impindu Impongo Imposo Impowani Impu Impumba Impuwo Impuwo Impwizi Imumpaluya Imvwi Imvwi Imvwula Imvwundi Imvwuvwu Ina Ina Ina Inango Incefwu Incili Incinga Incinga Incinko Incoko Incoko Incubi Inda Inda Indana Indana Indana Indeke Indeke Indembela Indide Indide Indilila Indilizya Indilyonya Indima Indonga Indongwe Indongwe Induba Indudwa Indudwe Indulula Induwe Indweba Indyu Inembo Inembo Inenga Ing'anda

Tonga-English Nose Different Pencil Trumpet Cold Cold season Pepper Ceremony Rite Profits Goat The post Ostrich Wart Crowd Fame Good reputation Cow First rains Be in standing position Have stood completely Rain Mildew Hippo Be not Be sweet Have not Nostril Poison Mortar Bicycle Fruit of mucinga tree Madness Anklet Wristlet Play thing Pass Surpass Be different Compete Vie Aeroplane Plane Flag Completely surpass Dominate Pass on out of sight Do in excess Immediately Hoeing feast Needle for injections Groundnuts Nut Species of bird Giraffe Giraffe Repeat It is thou Whistle Small mushroom Mark Seal Ant bear House Page 37

Noun Adjective Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

9 Na 9 9 Na 9 5 9 9 5 9 5 9 9 5 5 5 9 5 Na Na 5 5 9 Na Na Na 9 9 9 9 9 5 9 9 5 Na Na Na Na Na 5 9 5 Na Na Na Na Na 9 5 9 5 9 9 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5 9 9

No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ing'anda Ing'ola Ing'ombe Ing'ombe Ing'wadi Inga Inga Inga Inga Inga Ingala Ingala Ingalaala Ingana Ingana Ingana Ingano Inganya Ingasila Ingayila Ingazi Ingo Ingolovwani Ingoma Ingowani Ingowani Ingoye Ingubo Ingula Ingulube Inguzu Inguzu Ini Ininga Ininga Injanji Injanji Injasyo Injina Injina Injizya Injuka Injuka Inka Inka Inka Inka Inkaku Inkaku Inkala Inkalaya Inkamu Inkandela Inkanga Inkani Inkanka Inkasaalo Inkasaalo Inkasaalo Inkata Inkausu Inkaya Inkaya Inkazi

Tonga-English Hut Wagon Cow Oxe Letter Can Is it not that Maybe Perhaps Surely Crest Mane Maize flower Cross each other Go from pillar to post Go wrong morally Tale Confuse Recall Wander about Loft Ankle Wheelbarrow Drum Hat Hate Rope Blanket Answer Pig Power Strength Themselves, itselves Anklet Bangle Railroad line/track Railway Building materials Flee Louse Put in Gambling Playing cards Go ones way Hornet Leave Set out Tortoise Turtle Crab Rust Comb Candle Guinea fowl Affair Strong man Candy Heat Sweat Coil (cloth, fibre, etc) Vest Ivory Ivory bangle Argumentativeness Page 38

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Auxiliary verb Conjunction Auxiliary verb Auxiliary verb Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

9 9 9 9 5 Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na 9 5 5 9 5 9 5 9 Na 9 9 9 4, 9 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 Na 1 Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Inketani Inkila Inko Inkoli Inkoli Inkolo Inkolobeki Inkolola Inkombola Inkomo Inkomo Inkomwe Inkondo Inkondo Inkondo Inkoonkolekwa Inkoye Inkukisi Inkuku Inkulu Inkulu Inkumba Inkumba Inkumo Inkuni Inkusu Inkuswi Inkuta Inkuyu Inkuzu Inkwa Inkwasi Inkwasu Inkwela Inkwepesi Inkwilimba Inkwinzyi Inmwi Ino Ino Ino…? Inoino Inondo Inongo Inono Insa Insafwu Insaka Insaku Insala Insalunsalu Insana Insangwa Insasi Inseele Inseke Inseke Inseketi Insezi Inshila Inshila Insi Insi Insiku

Tonga-English Chain Loose ones footing Wasp Club Knotted stick Breast Cultivator Initiation ceremony Cobra Bag Pocket Riverside Army War Wart Butterfly Eyelash Biscuit Chicken Ammunition Bullet Pig Snail Forehead Firewood Strength Tampan tick Court Fig Fig Armpit Hand clapping Oar Lust Cap Pigeon Giggling Mosquito Now What about... And what of…? Soon Tortoise Pot Immediately Kidney Calf of the leg Forge Weeds Hunger Tribal marks Power Little basket Spark Flying ant Hen Seed Roof pole Species of wild cat Route Way Earth Ground Ancient times Page 39

Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Question Question Adverb Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 5 5 Na Na Na 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na M Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na

Insilibi Insima Insima Insimba Insimbi Insimbi Insimbo Insimbo Insingo Insini Insinzya Insipa Insizi Insolo Insombo Insondo Insondo Insoni Insoni Insonje Insonje Insonje Insozi Insozi Insuka Insumbu Insuwa Insuwa Inswa Inswi Inswi Intaamu Intaamu Intabi Intabwa Intale Intamba Intanda Intangalala Intasa Intenda Intenda Intiku Intila Intila Intimba Intipa Intipa Intobo Intobolo Intobolo Intobolo yamudinkilwa Intolongo Intolongo Intoni Intoto Intuku Intumbu Intuundu Intwino Intwiza Inuma Inundu Inungo

Tonga-English Big black ants Nshima Thick porridge Wild cat Iron Metal part of a tool Mark Tattoo mark Neck Different Give place to Soap Embers Honey guide bird Fruit of sizygium guineense tree Sunday Week Regret Shame Pinnacle Ridge Top Grasshopper Locust Move in large numbers Island Amniotic sac Calabash White flying ants out in december Fish Fish Pace Yard (measurement) Branch Flee Crocodile Type of wild orange Morning star Open space Ring Accident Risk Hiccup Fond of Mad for Mud Knife Mud Shield Gun Riffle Musket Jail Prison Penis Vagina Fist Smallpox Basket Grinding of teeth Giraffe Back Wild fruit like masuku Knee Page 40

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na I Na I

Inungu Inungu Invwula Inyama Inyamuka Inyamuka Inyangu Inyanti Inyaya Inyeleti Inyemu Inyemu Inyene Inyenyezi Inyenzi Inyika Inyika Inyika Inyindi Inyindi Inyota Inyundo Inyungu Inywe Inywe Inzala Inzi Inzi Inziba Inzila Inzila Inzila Inzila Inzila Inzinga Inzinini Inzoka Inzovu Inzubo Inzuki Inzuzi Inzwanga Inzwanga Inzya Ipanga Ipanga Ipanga Ipanga Ipapa Ipayi Ipepe Ipiilusi Ipila Ipila Ipobwe Ipobwe Ipoposi Ipulanga Ipunga Ipusha Isa Isaka Isaka Isasa

Tonga-English Bead Porcupine Rain Meat Appear on the horizon Grow big (clouds) Kuffir bean Buffalo Ivory Needle Nut Type of nut Rain beetle Star Cicada Ground Land World Blow Clenched fist Thirst Hammer Seed Ye You (plural) Hunger What? Which Dove Method Path Route System (way) Way Throw in wrestling Fly Snake Elephant Relatives Bee Species of wild cat Quarrel Revolt Yes A panga Big knife Machete Sword Shell Blanket Feather Pill Set (sun) Sink Feast Party Papaw Plank Lung Ask Come Forest Sack Reed mat Page 41

Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Pronoun Noun Question Question Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Interjection Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun

5 5 9 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 9 9 9 9 5 9 5 Na Na 5 9 5 5 5 Na Na 5 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na I M Na Na Na

Isaya Iseese Iseese Isenke Ishi Isho Isikati Isipoko Isokwe Isokwe Isokwe Isomo Isonganyama Isuku Isumo Isunzu Isusu Isuwa Iswe Isyaati Isyeke Isyeleni Isyikati Isyini Ita Ita Itafule Itailo Itako Itanga Itansyi Itansyi Itelele Itende Itenti Itete Itiila Itila Itinti Itinti Itinti Itobo Itombe Itombe Itongo Itongo Itu Itukuta Ituvwu Itwizya Ivwambapati Ivwili Ivwivwi Ivwu Iwazi Iwazi Iwe Iwi Iya Iyambo Iyi Iyi Iyoba Iyuwe

Tonga-English Cheek Miracle Wonder Corrugated iron These Those Midday Spokes Bush Field Veld Roof pole Canine tooth Fruit of a tree Spear Branch Hair Hearth stone We Shirt Fondness for a joke A shilling Midday Cold (disease) Call Invite Table Tyre Buttocks Group Hand Palm of the hand Herb used as a relish Foot Tent Reed Big juicy termite Summon to Bog Marsh Swamp Edible wild fruit Dirt Filth Remains of a village Ruins Leaf Sweat Leaf Blister November Wheel September Soil Disease Sickness Thou (familiar or as a diminutive) Type of wild orange Learn Hoe That, those This, these Big black cloud Wave (of the sea, lake, etc) Page 42

Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Noun

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I M M Na Na

Iza Izeulu Izeulu Izina Iziyo Izono Izono Izoona Izoona Izuba Izuba Izwi Izya Izya Izyiba Izyiba Izyiba Izyina Jafwa Jafwa Jakete Jala Jala Jalide Jalula Jamba Jana Jana muzeezo Janika Janika Janika Janina Janza Jata Jata Jata musimbi Jata musimbi Jatauka Jatauka Jatila Jatila Jatilila Jatilila Jatisya Jatisya Jatisya Jatya Jatya Jatya Jaya Jaya Jayana Jayila Jazya Jazya Jene Jene Jibelo Jika Jikika Jikika Jilimana Jilo Jimpa

Tonga-English Come Heaven Sky Name Millstone Day after tomorrow Day before yesterday Day after tomorrow Day before yesterday Day Sun Knee Chat Chat Lake Pool Pool of water Name Assist Help Jacket Close Shut Be closed Open Hoe Find Figure out Available Be available Be findable Look for Hand Catch Hold Rape Rape (the action) Clutch at Handle Excuse Pardon Catch into Take firm hold of Hold tightly Preserve Ratify Cause to hold Hold with Use to hold Kill Murder Kill each other Kill for Cause to kill Kill with Discover Obtain Saturday Cook Be cookable Easy to cook Become erect Yesterday End (intransitive) Page 43

Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb

Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5 Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

I I I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Jindi Jinsya Jisi Jisi Jisi bubi Jisi bubi Jisya Jisya Joka Jokelanya Jokezya Joko Jokolola Jola Josya Josya Juba Jula Jula Jula Jule Junza Jwa Jwa Kaama Kaamba Kaamba Kaamba Kaambo Kaambo Kaambo Kaambo Kaambo Kaambyo Kaanda Kaandula mutwe Kaango Kaankuni Kaano Kaaze Kabaki Kabanze Kabayi Kabbudu Kabbudula Kabbudula Kabbule Kabeela Kabici Kabiibi Kabiyo Kabiyo Kabiyo Kabotu Kabotu Kabotu-kabotu Kabuca Kabunga Kabungwe Kabungwe kabamakaintu Kabutu Kabuyu Kabwa Kabwa

Tonga-English Elephantiasis End (transitive) Have Own Be busy Have business Cause to cook Cook with Return Reconcile Return something Yoke Return back Fetch back Lower the price Return an item Cut short Open Remove Take off Secretary bird Tomorrow Cut grass Pluck out Cervix Affair Matter Small hoe Affair Case Matter Reason Tale Proverb Small house Migraine Chest Axe Folk tale Cat Small coat Scorpion Little slap Small piece of luggage Shorts Underwear Small storage container Small piece Cabbage Very much Again Further Furthermore Good Well Carefully When it dawns Organization Club Women's club Small child Small baobab tree Puppy Small dog Page 44

Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Adjective Adjective Adverb Phrase Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kabwalala Kabwenga Kacapocapo Kacece Kacembele Kacembele gundu Kacese Kadinakadina Kadwaadwa Kafwambu Kafwiti Kafwula Kagele Kagoyooyo Kagulugulu Kagutulo Kaindi Kaindi Kajanika Kajuba mazuba Kaka Kaka Kaka Kaka Kakaila Kakatila Kakatila Kako Kakokola Kakole Kakole Kakongo Kakonkoozyo Kakoto Kakoto Kakuku Kakuni Kakunyina Kakuta Kakwekwe Kalaba Kalabi Kalabi Kalabiko Kalabiko Kalala Kalalila Kale Kaleba Kaleka Kaleka Kalekale Kali Kali Kali Kali Kalika Kalikana Kalilo Kalindi Kaliyoliyo Kalo Kalobo Kalobo

Tonga-English Thief Hyena Impudence Small child Little old woman Mantis Porridge made of milk Twilight Scold Early maturing maize seed Anus Drinking gourd Scissors Adams apple Bustle Have bad name Long time ago Previously Participatory Aids Object Refuse Reject This Creep along Persevere Persist That Elbow Snare String Clitoris Stick to beat rhythm on pestle Pill Tablet Small chicken Violet tree snake Without Small hole Tuberculosis (tb) Crawl Conundrum Riddle Parable Riddle Become angry Be angry with Already Axe Get off work Knock off Long ago Angry Cruel Farthing Fierce Detain Be steadfast Name of a valley dance Hole King fisher He, she, it Fish hook Hook Page 45

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Adverb Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Adverb Noun Verb Verb Adverb Adjective Adjective Noun Adjective Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Noun

12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 Na Na 12 Na Na 12 Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 1 Na 12 12 Na 12 12 12 12 12 Na Na 12 Na Na Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na 12 12 12 Na 12 12

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Na No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kalobola Kalolomi Kalombe Kalonda katacisi Kalonga Kalowalo Kaluba mwaambi Kalukukuluku Kaluli Kalulio Kalumbu Kalwalo Kalya Kalyaba Kalyolyo Kama Kamando Kamano Kamanu Kamanu Kamba Kamba Kamba mvwula Kambauka Kambayaambaya Kambila Kambilila Kambizi Kamboni Kambuwa Kamembya Kameneno Kamfwambaana Kampakatwa Kampakatwa Kampelya Kampubu Kampubu Kamununa Kamvuma Kamwali/Kamwale Kamwi Kana Kanana Kanana Kanana Kanana Kanana Kanchisi Kanda Kando Kando Kandu Kandu Kanduka Kanga Kaniini Kaninka Kanjikanji Kanka Kankama Kankamana Kankamana Kankamanizya

Tonga-English Prolonged periods Toe Small boy Syphilis Stream Epidemic Speaker forgets Turkey Umbrella Bile 1 stringed musical bow Epidemic That yonder Name of a dance Kingfisher Milk Party where beer is sold Nerve pain Pleurisy Pneumonia Clap Clap hands Clap for rain Preach Open back of vanette Applaud Pray Whirlwind Eyewitness Fritter Swallow Epiglottis Quickly! Bud Shoot Early maturing maize seed Plant used for relish Type of plant Remilk Borassus palm Initiated girl Once Small child Chat Discuss Narrate Relate Tell Match Kneed Big Great Coward Cowardly Become cowardly Fry A little Clitoris Often Begin Shiver Be amazed Be surprised Amaze Page 46

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Phrase Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Interjection Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Adverb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Adverb Verb Verb Adjective Noun Adverb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

12 12 12 12 12 12 Na 12 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 Na 12 12 12 12 Na Na Na Na 12 Na Na 12 12 12 12 12 Na 12 12 12 12 12 Na 12 12 Na 12 Na Na Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na

Kankamanizya Kankamina Kankamuka Kankamuka Kankamuka Kankwisyi Kano Kansu Kanswende Kanswende manansa Kansyuululu Kansyuunsyu Kantembwani Kantengeza Kantolo Kantolo Kantoolo Kantu Kanwa Kanwe Kanwe Kanyama Kanywido Kanywido Kanza Kapa Kapampu Kapapa Kapaso Kapati Kapati Kapelo Kapenta Kapenta Kapika Kapokola Kapongo Kapula Kapulanga Kapulo Kaputula Kasaala Kasaala Kasaala Kasaansa Kasaazya Kasaazya Kasaka Kasaka Kasakabale Kasakabale Kasako Kasako Kasamu Kaseseko Kasiko Kasimbi Kasimpe Kasimpe Kasimpi Kasimpi Kasina Kasindi Kasinga

Tonga-English Astound Nail to a cross Be amazed Be astonished Cackle Dirt This, this here Gland Syphilis Gonorrhoea Bilharzia Bilharzia New shoot of mubombo tree Little finger Small spring Spring Small store Small thing Mouth Finger Toe Small animal Chalice Cup Propose to do Defect Top knob of ax Potsherd Messenger Greatly Much Bucket Prostitute Sardines Pick pocket Police officer Small goat Look for Small plank Hole Britches Be hot Be warm Heat Warmth Make warm Warm Corpse Forest Rack Shelf Rod Small stick Stick Small bat Sapling Small girl Really Truly Proverb Riddle Fine mesh Heel Nerve pain Page 47

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 Na 12 12 12 1 Na Na 12 12 12 12 1 12 Na 12 12 12 Na Na 12 12 Na Na 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 Na Na 12 12 12 12 12

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kasinga Kasinzo Kasinzosinzo Kasisi Kasizya Kasokosoko Kasolo Kasolo Kasowe Kasubilo Kasuko Kasuntu Kasuumbwa Kasuwa Kaswi Kaswi Kasya Kasya Kasya Kata Katabi Katakula Katala Katasya Katazizya Katazya Katazya Katazya Katebula Katiba Katiti Kauka Kaumu-umu Kaumu-umu Kaunda Kaungo Kaungu Kaungu Kauno Kavwanda Kavwumba kaniini Kawo Kayili Kayuni Kazika Kazila Kazimoyo Kazizya Kazunda kasyupa Kazuni Kazya Kazyanya Kazyanya Keela Keela Keembe Keembe Kembe Keni Kezu Kiya Kiya Kkabbati Kkabbicci

Tonga-English Phenomenon Short journey Little distance Embers Prevent for Rustling Hip Hip joint Still born Urethra Dust Epilepsy Small termite hill Island Corner Inner corner Dissuade Not to allow Prevent Arrow Twig Small car Be tired Be tireing Tire for Be tiring Be troublesome Tire Cropping Saucer Diaphragm Small insect Gently Quietly (of rain) Small garden Teaspoon Depression Loneliness Small stool Infant October Slight breeze Prisoner Small bird Put at rest Small path Secret Persist Virus Small bird Contradict Argue Argue with Last born Last born child Axe Clitoris Axe Itself Straw Lock Screw Cabinet Cabbage Page 48

Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun

12 12 12 12 Na 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 Na Na Na 12 12 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 12 12 12 Na Na 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 Na 12 12 Na 12 12 Na Na Na 1 12 12 12 12 12 12 Na Na 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kkala Kkala Kkala Kkalenda Kkalenda yaciindi camwaka Kkalikizya Kkaloti Kkampani Kkazika Kkazika Kkazika bulwazi Kkazika moyo Kkazya Kkeni Kkilasi Kkiya Kkoce Kkoloko Kkolokolo Kkoma Kkomana/Koonana Kkomana Kkotapela Kkumi awosanwe Kkuta Kkuta Kkutide Kkwa Kkwabilila Kkwato Kkweelele Kkwenyuna Kkwenyuna Ko Ko Kobosegwa Kobosya Koka Koka Koka Kokede Koko Kokobela Kokolola Koku Kola Kola Kola Koledwe Kolilimya Kolobeka Kolobeka Kolomoka Kolomoka Kolopa Kolota Kolwa Kolwa Kolya Koma Koma Komba Komba Komba

Tonga-English Live Sit Stay Calendar Seasonal calendar Rest on Carrot Buisness company Get into place Settle Causing to sit immodestly Quieten heart Make to sit Can Class Lock Verandah Clock Cough Try Be happy Enjoy Avocado 15 (10 + 5) Be full Be satisfied Be completely full Pod Defence Marriage Husk Strike a lite Strike match He, she, it There Be seperated Seperate Be thin Grow thin Slim Be completely thin There Be slow Erode Here Cough Intoxicate Poison Be in drunken state Abstain Cultivate Weed using cultivator Collapse Crumble Mop Borrow Be drunk Be poisoned Yonder Defeat Try Ask Beseech Pray Page 49

Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Number Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Pronoun Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na 5 5 Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na 5 5 5 Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na 5 15 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No Yes No No Yes Yes No No No No No No Yes Yes No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kombelela Kombelela Kombelesya Kombelezyezya Komena Komena Komena Komenakomena Komezya Komezya Komoona Komwe Kona Kona Konda Kondelezya Kondelezya Kondwa Koneka muunda Konga Konga Konkobela Konkona Konkoola Konkoozya Kono Kono Konze Konzeka Konzuka Konzya Konzya Konzya Koola Koomana Koona kwakoonana Koonona Koonse-koonse Kooye Kopa Kopana Kopana Kopela Kopenganya Kopenganya Kopolola Kopolola Kosaula Koshana Koshana Kosoka Kosoka Kosola Kosola Kosola Kosola Kosweeda Kotama Kotama Kotamina Kotamuka Kotede Kotede Kotela

Tonga-English Beg for Plead Entrust oneself to Beseach earnestly for Be big Become large Grow Grow up Make big Rear Break up clods One time Inherit Inherit name of the dead Please Amuse Entertain Be pleased Fallow cropping Frighten Frighten away Hand piano Hatch Knock at a door Beat out rhythm with stick This here This year Hartebeeste Be possible Be possible to do Able to Be able Have the ability Demolish Sexual intercourse Sexual pleasure Intercourse Everywhere String Stir Be agitated Be disturbed Button Confuse Mix Unbutton Unfasten Cut up Be like Resemble Be cut Be decided Cross Cross over Cut Decide Cut for Bend Bow Bow to Unbend Be emaciated Be skin and bone Be thin Page 50

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Preposition Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na 5 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 15 Na 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kotoka Koya Koyeka Koza Kozya Kozyana Kozyanya Kozyanya Kozyanya Ku Ku Ku Ku Ku Kuba Kuba abana aciindi ceelede Kuba akazunda kansikalileke Kuba amalwazi aandeene Kuba amizeezo Kuba mukozyanyo Kubaabana aciindi ceelede Kubaba amasina Kubamba Kubamba malembe Kubambulula mugonti Kubaubilwa kujila mumapenzi Kubaubilwa kujila mumapenzi Kubba Kubelesya mupila Kubelesya zibelesyo ziteelende Kubeluka Kubikka kulolini Kubila Kuboko Kubona Kubona Kubuka Kubuka Kubula kazunda kansikalileke Kucesya ng'uzu mumubili Kuceya Kuceya bulowa Kucileka Kucileka koonana Kucinca bube Kucinca-cinca kwa zisyango Kuciswa kwantumbukila Kuciswa mpeyo Kuciswa mwida Kudyamininwa Kufulidila Kufumbwa Kufumbwa kuti Kufwa kwabana Kufwa kwabana Kufwa kwabana bacili baniini Kufwa ntumbukila Kufwaafwi Kufwaambana kukwatwa Kufwaambana kusuba bweenze Kufwala mapulanga Kufweba Kufwumbwa Kufwumbwa

Tonga-English Finish work Seem Hate Come Resemble Resemble eachother Alike Be alike Resemble At At (place) From To Towards Wheel a bicycle Family planning Hiv positive Infections Stressed Role model Family planning Candidiasis Conservation Record keeping Well improvement Susceptible Susceptible Theft Condom use Use of sterilized cutting tools Menarche Chlorination Boiling Arm Supposing What if Reach maturity Reach puberty (boy) Hiv negative Immuno suppressed Decrease Anaemia Quit Secondary virginity Behaviour change Crop rotation Puerperal sepsis Malaria Dysmenorrhea Suppressed Smoke Any Provided that Child mortality Infant deaths Infant mortality Maternal mortality Near Early marriages Premature ejaculation Carpentry Something to smoke Any Any Page 51

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Verb Noun Adjective Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Noun Noun Phrase Noun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Conjunction Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Adverb Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adverb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 Na 15 Na 15 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na 15 15 Na 15 15 15 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 Na 15 15 15 15 15 15 Na 15 Na Na 15 15 15 15 Na 15 15 15 15 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kufwumbwa Kugaanyana akutumbuka Kugaya mumubili Kugonka Kugonkololwa Kugusya da Kugwasyanya Kujata musimbi Kujaya Kujulu Kujwe Kuka Kuka Kuka Kuka Kukambilwa Kukasaala Kukasaala kwamubili Kukkala Kukkala Kukkala kamupakamene Kuko Kukokololwa bwabusani Kukolilimya Kukomena Kukomena Kukubuka Kukula Kukundaana Kukundaana Kukundaana Kukundana mumukowa Kukundana munyama Kukuzyika Kukwabana Kukwabilila Kukwabilila buumi Kukwatana kwabasankwa Kukwatana kwamakaintu Kukwela Kukwida Kula Kula Kula Kula Kulaale Kulaale Kulampa Kulanga Kulangalanga ziyandika Kule Kulesya Kulesya kumita Kuli? Kulibambila kwakutumbuka Kulibeja Kulibeja Kulibikila Kulika Kulila Kulilela Kulilela Kulilela Kulima

Tonga-English Whatever Eclampsia Digestion Lopping Circumcision Induced abortion Cooperation Rape Murder Above East Be dislodged Come out Fall out (teeth) Retire Name of mine dance Temperature Basal body temperature Menstrual cycle Menstruation Positive living Shoulder Erosion Abstinence Size Width Initiation ceremonies Sweep Heterosexual Homosexual Sexual intercourse Incest Bestiality Initiation ceremonies Communication Defence Healthcare Gay Lesbian Instrumental delivery Sweep for Become mature Dislodge Grow (intransitive) Grow old Between near and far Far Length Care Needs assessment Far away Weaning Traditional family planning ways Where? Birth plan False pride Pride Stigma Put on the shoulder Mourning Freedom Independence Liberty Farming Page 52

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Preposition Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adverb Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Question Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na 15 Na Na Na Na 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na Na 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 15 Na 15 15 Na 15 15 15 15 Na 15 15 15 15 15

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kulima zisyango zyaandeene Kulimbana kubukaintu Kulimya Kulinywe Kulinywe Kuliswe Kuliswe Kulobaika Kulobaika Kulolini Kulosya bulowa Kulubizya Kuluka Kulukulu Kulula Kululyo Kulumbuka Kulumbula Kulumwesye Kulwaizya Kulya Kulya Kulya Kulyoomba Kumana Kumaninwa maanzi mumubili Kumazuba Kumazuba Kumba Kumba Kumba Kumba Kumba Kumbali Kumbata Kumbele Kumbele Kumbele Kumbele Kumbele Kumbi Kumbi Kumbila Kumbo Kumbula Kumeso Kuminununa Kumita Kumita ciliya Kumitila mukasolo Kumona mulimo mbowenda Kumpela Kumpela Kumubili Kumuka Kumunzi Kumusanza Kumuuya Kumvwana Kumwaka Kumwi Kumyongwa Kumyonta kuzinswe Kuna

Tonga-English Diversification Vaginal insertion Abstinence At your house Your mother At our house Our mother Integration Intercropping Chlorine Break through bleeding Error Knitting Old Unyoke Right Fall from a tree Knock down from a tree Left Encourage Eating Food Yonder Masturbation Meet Dehydration Afternoon In the afternoon Brew Brood Hatch (an egg) Incubate Sit Beside Embrace Ahead Forward Front Future In front Another place Elsewhere Beg West Answer Face Filtering Conception Teenage pregnancy Ectopic pregnancy Evaluate Ahead Front Physical Tardiness At home South Spiritual Relationship During hottest part of the year While Labour Oral sex Pour Page 53

Noun Noun Noun Locative Noun Locative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Demonstrative Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Preposition Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Adjective Noun Conjunction Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Preposition Noun Adjective Noun Locative Noun Adjective Noun Adverb Conjunction Noun Noun Verb

15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na 15 Na Na 15 Na 15 15 Na 15 Na 15 15 16 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 Na 15 Na Na Na Na 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na 15 Na 15 Na 15 Na 15 Na Na 15 15 Na

No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kunembo Kung'anda Kunga Kunga Kunga Kungonka masamu Kungonka mitabi Kunka Kunka Kunka Kunkulika Kunkulisya Kunkumuka Kunkumuna Kuno Kunselelo Kunselelo Kunsi Kunsi Kuntu Kunuka Kununganya Kununganya Kunvwa kuciswa ciindi nosuba Kunyika Kunyina Kunyina Kunyina Kunze Kunze Kunze acuulu Kunze acuulu Kupa ng'uzu Kupa nguzu Kupandulula Kupandulwa Kupanga munzuka Kupayika Kupenzya Kupima Kupima Kupima ziyandika Kupuka Kupumuna Kusaanguna Kusakasya Kusala Kusalazya Kusalazya kwakoonana Kusanganya zisyango Kusanina Kusantula Kusela kwalyoonse Kuselela Kusikila Kusikila Kusikila Kusikila Kusikilizya Kusisinkana Kusomoona Kusowa Kusuba Kusuba bulowa

Tonga-English In front At home Accustomed Be likely Collect Deforestation Pollarding Flow Kindle Light a fire Role (intransitive) Role (transitive) Fall off Dust Right here Below Down Beneath Underneath Place Capsize Budding Grafting Dysuria North None Nothing Without Apart from Behind Behind termite hill Privately Empowerment Empowerment Introduction Operation Composting Overflow Burden Diagnosis Evaluation Needs assessment Become prosperous Rest First Lactation Choice Purification Sexual cleansing Intercropping Feeding Puberty Menstruation Menstrual cycle Reach Until Until Up to Effective Over population Diarrhoea Spontaneous abortion Ejaculation Bilharzia Page 54

Noun Locative Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Locative Locative Adjective Locative Noun Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Verb Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Conjunction Preposition Preposition Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 Na Na 15 15 Na 15 15 Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 15 15 15 Na 15 15 15 15 Na 15 Na 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 15 15 15

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kusuba bulowa Kusuba tutaka Kusule Kusule Kusuma Kusuma Kusumpula Kusundila Kusuntuka Kuswaanganya Kuswangana kwamaji Kuswanganya Kusya Kusya Kusyanga Kusyanga mumibundu Kusyanga mumibundu Kusyomeka Kusyomeka Kusyule Kusyule Kusyuuka Kutaanguna Kutabona kabotu misiku Kutainda mumbali Kutakkala Kutakkala Kutakomena Kutakundaana Kutala Kutalema Kutalema Kutalika Kutamita Kutandana kapati Kutanguna Kutantaanya kuzyala Kutantaanya luzyalo Kutanunkilila Kutaselela Kutaselela Kutatonda Kutatonda Kutauka Kutauka Kutaukwa Kutazyala Kutazyala Kutegwa Kutegwa Kuti Kuti Kutijana kwabulowa Kutikatalimwisyi Kutola lubazu Kutonda Kutonda Kutondezyo kwiinda mukucita Kutuka Kutula Kutula Kutumbuka Kutumpa Kutwi

Tonga-English Haematuria Chancroids Afterwards Behind Knitting Weaving Promotion Disturb another persons property Convulse Linking Fertilization Linking Feed till satiated Satisfy Planting Alley cropping Contour planting Faithfulness Fidelity Behind On the back of Coppicing First Night blindness Direct Amenorrhea Menopause Stunted growth Abstinence Across Stunted growth Underweight Debt Contraceptive Affectionate Firstly Birth spacing Child spacing Unscented Amenorrhea Menopause Amenorrhea Menopause Prepare food Work Be worked upon Impotence Infertility In order So that In order that That High blood pressure If one doesnt make oneself heard Participation Menstrual cycle Menstruation Demonstration Pop (gun) Ignite Make a fire Delivery Blisters Ear Page 55

Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Locative Locative Noun Adjective Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Locative Noun Adjective Noun Noun Adjective Adverb Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Noun Proverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun

15 15 Na Na 15 15 15 Na Na 15 15 15 Na Na 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na 15 Na 15 Na 15 15 15 15 Na 15 Na 15 15 Na Na 15 15 Na 15 15 15 15 Na Na Na 15 15 Na Na Na Na 15 Na 15 15 15 15 Na Na Na 15 15 15

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kutyeni Kutyeni Kuubauba Kuulu Kuuma musyumbwi Kuunka Kuwa Kuyabila Kuyaluka Kuyambukila Kuyambukilakwiindamukoonana Kuyambukilwa Kuyambukizya Kuyanika Kuyasa nyeleti Kuyobola Kuyobola cakulya Kuyobola malembe Kuyuma yuma Kuyumbulula Kuyumyayumya Kuyupa Kuzaila Kuzeya bulowa Kuzibila Kuzika Kuzimba Kuzimba akuzwa masina Kuzimba kwamacende Kuzimba muntebe Kuzuma Kuzumina Kuzwa bulowa abusina Kuzwa bulowa bunji kapati Kuzwa bulowa namisyi Kuzwa kwa da Kuzwa maanzi Kuzwa meenda Kuzya Kuzya Kuzyala Kuzyalana Kuzyalwa azilonda Kuzyana Kuzyana Kuzyiba mapenzi Kuzyiba munzi Kuzyiba zikomo Kuzyibila Kuzyibizyanya Kuzyila ku Kuzyila ku Kuzyuli Kwa Kwa Kwa Kwaaba Kwaabanya Kwaanduka Kwaanduka Kwaandulwa Kwaanga luzyalo lwamukaintu Kwaanga luzyalo lwamwalumi Kwaanza

Tonga-English For what purpose Why Underweight Leg Masturbation Go Bark Type of solo singing Menarche Transmission Sexually transmitted disease Contamination Transmission Drying Vaccination Conservation Food security Keeping records Dry days Disclosing Counselling Shell Ejaculation Anaemia Coping Initiate girl Pulurant cervicitis Gonorrhea Orchitis Granuloma inguinale Thunder Acceptance Chlamydia Post partum hemorrhage Ante partum haemorrhage Septic abortion Water source Vaginal secretion Cultivate Grow Delivery Multiplying Congenital syphilis Dance Dancing Problem identification Community mapping Identification of goals Coping Networking From Since Bedroom At Place of To Be generous Decentralization Laceration Vesico vagina fistual Instrumental delivery Tubal ligation Vasectomy Hand Page 56

Question Question Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Preposition Conjunction Noun Preposition Preposition Preposition Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na 15 15 Na Na 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 Na 15 15 15 15 Na 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na 15 Na Na Na Na 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kwaapula Kwaba Kwabbula Kwabilila Kwabo Kwabula Kwaca Kwacha Kwale Kwale Kwange Kwasa Kwasila Kwasiya buti Kwasula Kwata Kwata Kwatwa Kweelana Kweelena Kweelenyakwa batata abamama Kweenda kwamaji aabukaintu Kwekela Kwela Kwela Kwela Kweleta Kweletela Kwelwa Kwempa Kwempa Kwempa Kwenga Kwenga Kwenyuna Kwete Kwezya Kwi Kwiila Kwiila Kwiimpana Kwiina Kwiinda Kwiinda Kwiinda meenda Kwiinda mumbali Kwiindulula Kwiindulula alimwi Kwiinga Kwiingana Kwiiya azya busena Kwikka Kwikka Kwiya Kwizeula Kwizeulu Laa Laa Laba Labalika Labalika Labila Labila Labila

Tonga-English Take out residue Catch in flight Severely beat Prevent Their place Lead a song so that others follow It has dawned Dawn Partridge Partridge Raw Bubble Bubble Good evening Row Hold Marry (for a man) Marry (for a woman) Equal Equality Gender balance Ovulation Be laying eggs (hen) Attract Draw Pull Borrow Owe Be pulled Grab Slash Snatch Hone Sharpen Light a match Have Snatch Where? Screen Yell Diversity Nothing Greater than More than Water borne Round-about Recycling Relapse Obstructed labour Malpresentation Ecology Insert Wedge in Grind to dust Above Above Be with Own Flush Be delirious Rave Command Order Taste Page 57

Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Phrase Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Verb Greeting Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Question Verb Verb Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na 15 15 Na Na 15 15 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 Na Na Na Na 15 15 15 15 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Lailila Laililwa Laisi Laizya Lala Lala Lalika Lalika Lalila Lamatika Lamatila Lamba Lamfu Lamfu Lamfu Lamfwu Lamfwu Lamfwu Lampa Lampisya Lampya Lampya Landamuka Landuka Landuka Landusya Langa Langa zuba Langalanga Langaula Langika Langika Langilizya Langisya Laya Laya Layilila Lazika Lazika Lazya Leba Leba Lebukilwa Leendelelwa Leepu Leka Leka Leka Leka Leka Leka kukomena Leka kukomena Lekela Lekela Lekela Lekelela Lekelezya Lekelezya Lela Lela Lela Lela Lela Leli

Tonga-English Advise Be advised Rice Send a message Lie down Rest Commit adultery Fornication Eat the evening meal Stick (intransitive) Stick (transitive) Smear body Deep Long Tall Deep Long Tall Be long Be very long Lengthen Make long Stretch out Cross a river Cross over Ferry over Look Sunflower Assess Look about Appear Look Look at Inspect Advise Warn Caution Lie someone down Put lying Instruct Kill initiation cattle Trip (intransitive) Have a stroke Feel lonely Rape (relish) Cease Leave Let Quit Stop Retard Stop growing Forgive Leave for Stop for Forgive Betray Desert Fail to reach Look after Nurse a child Nurse children Rule This Page 58

Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative

Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I

Lema Lemana Lemana Lemba Lembwa Lemedwe Lemekwa Lemeleme Lemena Lemena Lemenena Lemenezya Lemenezya Lemenezya Lemu Lendelela Lendelezya Lenga Lenga Lenga Lengaana Lengaana Lengela Lengelezya Leno Lepu Lesa Lesegwa Lesya Lesya Leta Leta Letela Letela Letela Letela Letya Letya Leya Leyo Leza Li Libambile Libenga Libenga Libenga Libondwe Libungula Licesya Licitila Lida Lida Lida Lida Lida Lidundila Ligwa Liiba Liifwumo Liina Liiya Likanza kwaaleta Likasyakasya Likke

Tonga-English Be heavy Be angry Become deformed Write Be written Be weighted down Respectable Thick Be a burden for Be heavy for Be important Give respect to Honour Respect Heavy Be lonely Make lonely Create Lazu Make Be discouraged Become remiss Imagine Invent This here Rape (type of relish) God Be stopped Cause to stop Stop with Bring Carry Bring for Bring to Carry for Carry to Bring with Cause to bring That yonder That God Be Be prepared Give yourself Prepare oneself Volunteer Type of herb Bind oneself to do Be humble Do for oneself Eat at Eat for Eat from Extract honey from bee hive Reduce pay Praise oneself Be eaten Be free Stomach Name Pay a fine The sun is planning to bring rain Make oneself unwilling Alone Page 59

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Proverb Verb Adjective

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L L Na Na Na Na

Likoma Likumbesa Likumi Lila Lilauka Lilekelela Lilela Lili Lilila Lilisya Lilisya Lima Lima Lima Lima Lima Lima mbewu Limba Limba Limba Limbamusaka Limbamusaka Limina Limina Limisya Limiya Limo Limuna Limwi Limwi Limwi Limwilimwi Limya Limya Linda Linda Lindila Lindila Lindila Lindula Linga Lingula Lini Lino Lino Lino Lino Linya Lipwaila Lisasa Lise Liso Lisuba/iisuba Lisumo Lisusu Lisya Litako/iitako Litanga Litaya Litebulwa Liteu Litobo Litongo Liza

Tonga-English Door Blanket Ten Cry Proclaim Apologize Be independent When? Cry for Make oneself weep Weep bitterly Cultivate Farm Grow Hoe Till Garden Copulate Cover Fall down upon Begin a hard journey Fall on the forest Aerate Cultivate for Farm diligently Abstain Hectare Harvest Finally Together Until Sometimes Cause to cultivate Plough with Celebrate evening before event Wait Await Wait Wait for Beat with a stick Beg for money Visit Itself And Now This here Tooth Tooth Smash oneself on the ground Reed mat Hoe Eye Sun Spear Hair Eat relish Buttocks Pumpkin Subordinate oneself Harvest time Leaf Type of tree Ruins Climb Page 60

Noun Noun Number Verb Verb Verb Verb Question Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Adverb Adverb Conjunction Adverb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Conjunction Adverb Demonstrative Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb

5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

M M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na M M Na L L L Na L M Na L M M M I

Liza Lizya Lizya Lizya Lo Loba Loba Lobela limwi Lobelwa Lobo Loboka Loboka Lobola Loka Loko Loko Lola Lola Lolo Lolomoka Lolu Lolya Loma Loma Loma Loma Lomba Lombozya Lomeka Lomeka Lomenye Lomona Lomya Lomya Lomya Londa Londa Londa Londa Londo Londo Londola Londola Londola Londola Longa Longa Longa Longela Longela Lono Lonzya Lonzya Lonzya Loogwa Loona Loonde Loozi Loozi Loozi Losezya Losezya Losya Losya

Tonga-English Mount Make cry Play an instrument Ring It Be waterlogged Fish Be lost forever Be sunk in mud Catch fish Break from Escape Unhook Drop Exceedingly Much Fall down Slip down This Ooze That That yonder Be correct Be honest Be kind Have upright character Ask Praise Make honest Make upright Be honest Do something that breaks taboo Make correct Make honest Make kind Come for a reason Fetch Guard Search for Neat Smart (neat) Adorn Do properly Do well Make neat Migrate Move Pack Move for Pack for This hear Cause to migrate Cause to move Move house Be bewitched Receive a loan Thick bush Bark string Bush rope Fibre Cause to fall for Knock down for Cause to fall Knock down Page 61

Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adverb Adverb Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 11 Na Na 11 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Lota Lowa Lowa Luba Luba Lubalo Lubanje Lubanze Lubata Lubaya Lubayi Lubaza Lubaza Lubazu Lubbizyo Lubele Lubeta Lubide Lubila Lubilo Lubilo Lubizizya Lubizya Lubizya Lubizya Lubomba Lubondwe Lubono Lubono Lubu Lubukizya Lubukizya Lubulo Lubulo Lubulo Lubuluka Lubulula Lubundubundu Lubuwa Lubuwa Lubuwo Lubwelubwe Lubya Luciso Ludweba Lufutuko Lufwu Lufwulu Lugwalo Lugwasyo Lugwasyo Luja Luka Luka Luka Luka Lukamantano Lukambo Lukobo Lukoka Lukolo Lukololindi Lukombokombo Lukono

Tonga-English Dream Bewitch Commit witch-craft Flower Forget Wattle Hemp Eagle Scar Fence Slap with the palm of the hand District Side Flank Baptism Herb used as relish Judgement Be forgotten Go astray Alacrity Speed Offend seriously Err Make a mistake Wrong Mercy Impala Bride wealth Goods (economic) Reed Inform Instruct Iron Metal Steel Flit to avoid trouble Drive away Twilight Courtyard Yard Lynx Gravel Make forget Malice Whistle Salvation Death Calabash cup Letter Aid Assistance Horn Braid Knit Vomit Weave Adherence Ritual clapping prayer Egret Place of mukika trees Breast Rut Umbilical cord Inheritance Page 62

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Na Na 11 11 Na Na Na Na 11 1 11 11 11 Na Na 11 14 11 Na Na 11 11 11 11 11 Na 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Na Na Na Na 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Lukumba Lukuni Lukuni Lukwakwa Lukwakwa Lukwakwa Lukwatano Lukwato Lula Lula Lulabo Lulama Lulama Lulamika/ Lulamika Lulauka Lulila Lulimi Lulindi Lulindi Lululi Lulumwina Lulya Lulyo Luma Luma Lumaana Lumamba Lumanu Lumba Lumba Lumba Lumbaizya Lumbula Lumbula Lumwemwe Lumwesyi Lumwi Lumwi Lundika Lundika Lunduka Lundukisya Lundula Lundumuka Lundumuka Lundumwida Lunengu Lunga Lunga Lunga Lunga Lunga Lungila Lungisya Lungu Lungumana Lunkomba Luno Lunyansyo Lunyansyo Lunyete Lunyoolo Lusabwi

Tonga-English Night jar Firewood Log Fence Live fencing Wind-break Marriage Marriage Be bitter Ruler Lightening Become correct Become straight Make correct Make straight Refuse by shaking head Umbilical cord Tongue Trench Trenche Roof Drink That yonder Right Bite Sting Be dangerous War Pair of tongs Praise Request Thank Praise Revenge Reward Smiling face Left At last Heat of the sun Gather up Heap up Run Run quickly Raise dust Fly Scatter Sprinkle about Waist Add salt Flavour Pay a fine Season Set above Atone for Impose a fine Pumpkin leaves Look up Okra This here Contempt Disrespect Cruelty Razor Net Page 63

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Demonstrative Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Adverb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Na 5 11 Na Na Na Na Na 11 11 11 11 11 Na Na 11 Na Na Na 11 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na 11 11 Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 11 Na 11 Na 11 11 11 11 11

No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na

Lusaluluzi Lusangano Lusangano Luse Luse Lusele Lusensa Lusimbo Lusinga Lusinga Lusinga Lusinga Lusinga lwamutwe Lusinizyo Lusu Lusu Lusumbuko/Lusumpuko Lusumpuko Lusyanga Lusyangano Lusyomo Lusyomo Lutaka Lutambo Lutambo Lutambo Lutantambeba Lutende Lutete Luteve Luti Lutila Lutumbe Lutumbe Lutuzi Luubeube Luubi Luuka Luula Luulwa Luulwa Luumuno Luumuzyo Luundu Luuni Luuni Luunka Luvwano Luvwiyu Luwizi Luwo Luwo Luwo Luwo Luyando Luzi Luzibo Luzizya Luzubo Luzumizyo Luzutu Luzutu Luzya Luzyalo

Tonga-English Discrimination Assembly Church assembly Kindness Mercy Eight Light sandy soil Tattoo mark Neuralgia Pain Rheumatism Sharp pain Migraine Truth Powder Powder Development Development Weeds Society Hope Trust Bad luck Belt Rope Thong Top of wall inside house Osier plant used in basket-making Reed Sock Staff of the spear Lose ones temper (with) Rope String Insolence Twilight Large cobweb Pests Relate Be famous Be talked about Peace Consolation Barren soil Deception Malice Tsetse fly Relationship Back-bitting Sleeping sickness Climate Influence Report Wind Love Rightness Local knowledge Make bitter for Type Permission Only Solely Make bitter Compassion Page 64

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Number Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Adverb Adverb Verb Noun

11 11 11 11 11 Na 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Na 11 11 11 11 11 11 Na Na Na 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Na 11 11 Na Na Na 11

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Luzyalo Luzyalo Lwa Lwaanga Lwaanje Lwaanje Lwaanzi Lwabili Lwala Lwala Lwalo Lwana Lwana Lwanisya Lwanolwano Lwazi Lwazya Lweela Lweendo Lweezo Lwezya Lwida Lwiili Lwiimbo Lwiindi Lwiindi Lwiindi Lwiindi Lwiindi Lwiiyo Lwizi Lwopya lweendo Lya Lyaalyaa Lyalo Lyana Lyata Lyata Lyataula Lye Lyeenela Lyo Lyokezya Lyolola Lyookezya Lyoolola Lyoonse Lyoonse Lyoonse Lyoonse naa Ma Maabu Maali Maamba acilubu Maambaamba Maambilambali Maambilambali Maambukwa Maambwa Maandanino Maando Maanga Maanshi Maanu

Tonga-English Fertility Kindness Fight Hunting shrine Large river Sea Crack in a newly plastered wall Second time Fingernail Nail It Fight Fight Set at variance Curiosity Sickness Nurse a patient Be sweet Journey Shoulder Curse Fight for Mussel Song Agricultural festival Beer festival Festival for first fruits Festival for harvest Festival for planting Education Zambezi river The journey has begun Eat Eat quickly It Honey comb with larvae Step on Trample Trample Which Go free It Rest Stretch Rest Stretch oneself Always Frequently Often Whenever (exclamation of surprise) Wild orange Polygamy Hoes used for marriage payment Protests Indirect speech Speech not open Faeces Sweet potato leaves Fork in the road Coarse flour Twins Water Brains Page 65

Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Phrase Verb Verb Demonstrative Noun Verb Verb Verb Question Verb Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Interjection Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

11 11 Na 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Na Na 11 11 Na Na 11 11 Na Na 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Na Na Na Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na

Maanu Maanu Maanu Maanzi Maanzi aali kabotu Maapu Mabala Mabala Mabanana Mabbalani Mabbililo aazuba Mabbusu Mabele Mabele Mabisi Mabisi Maboko Macece Maceelo Macelelo Macende Madede Madeede Madikimunwa Mafetaliza Mafuta Mafuta Mafwandiso Mafwenezya Mafwumina Mafwuta Mafwuta Mafwuta Mafwuzi Magatagata Magatagata Magesi Magesi Magwili Mai Maila Maila mucene Mailikitwa Mainza Mainza Majayajaya Majilijili Makani Makani Makani Makankilo/Matalikilo Makanze Makololo Makosi Makoto Makovwu Makovwu Makulo/Mabulo Makumbi Makumbimakumbi Makumi lusele Makumi obile Makumi osanwe Makwa

Tonga-English Intelligence Knowledge Wits Water Safe water Map Colours Words Bananas Court clerk Sunset Shoes Finger millet Red millet Curds Sour milk Arms Childish tantrums Grazing ground Grazing lands Testicles Tomatoes Tomatoes Second-hand clothes Fertilizer Fat Fats Market Instalment of marriage payment Early in morning Fat Grease Oil Pubic hair Bumps in the road Corrugation Electricity Gas Potatoes (irish/regular) Eggs Sorghum Sorghum Mirage Rain Rainy season In-discriminant slaughter Type of masabe dance Affairs Matters News Beginning Plans Nsima that sticks to the pot Nape of the neck Unripe, hard or knotty thing Foam Froth Bribe Clouds Blue 80 (10 x 8) 20 (10 x 2) 50 (10 x 5) Bark Page 66

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Number Number Number Noun

6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 1 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 6 Na 6 6 6 6

No No No No No Yes No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Makwa Makwebo Makwisyilili Mala Mala Malaa Malaa Malaa Malabali Malabisi Malabisi Malama Malanga zuba Malasha Malegeni Malekani Malele Malelo Malelo Malembe Malembo Malemoni Malende Malepe Malezu Mali Mali Mali aanjila Malibbolela Malikopo Malili Maliya Malizwida Malizya Maloolo Malu Maluba Malusi Malwazi Malwazi acisa bamakaintu Malwazi ajatikene kumaanzi Malwazi anzala Malweza Malwezu Mama Mama Mamango Mambuzya Mamina Mampamba Mamuna Mana Mana Mana Mana Mancebele Mandimbwa Mane Mane Mane kusikila Mangamwe Mangolezya Mangolezya Mangoye

Tonga-English Tree bark Wares/Business Crop residue Entrails Intestines Certainly Surely Truly Nuisance Offal Rubbish Cheetah Sunflower Charcoal Sling shot Catapult Ladder Food Nourishment Records Literature Lemon Rain shrine Labia minora Beard Cash Money Income Drilling machine Trouble maker Milk Threads (of a screw, etc) Wild plants In turns Species of wild fruit Leaves Flowers Revolting sight Disease Maternal morbidity Water related diseases Malnutrition Taboo Omen Be stingy Patch Mangos Premonition Nasal mucus Buttermilk Open the mouth Come to an end Complete Finish Wear out Maize Musical instrument of initiate And then Until Until Cooked whole maize grains Afternoon Evening Cat Page 67

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Adverb Adverb Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Noun

6 6 6 6 6 Na Na Na 6 Na 6 1 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Na 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Na 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Na Na 6 6 6 6 Na Na Na Na Na 6 6 Na Na Na 6 6 6 6

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Ns Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mani Mani Manide Manika Manina Maningi Maningi Maninina Manizimbilili Manizya Mankanda Mankanda Mankandya Mankosi Mankuninkuni Mansema Mansenya Mantabe Mantabe Mantoombwa Maolenji Mapatapata Mapenzi Mapenzi Mapenzi Mapenzi ajanwa Mapepa Mapepa Mapepa Mapeyo Mapolitikisi Mapopwe Mapulanga Mapulanga Mapuwo Mapyopyongano Mapyopyongano Masabe/Mashabe Masabe Masanga Masansa Masebe Maseke Masendelela/Masendekela Masendelela/Masendekela Masendelezya Masendelezya Maseseke Mashiku/Masiku Masi aandene Masikkiya Masiku Masimbi Masimpilo Masina Masizi Masizi Masizi Masokesi Masoto Masoto Masumo Masusu Masyabe

Tonga-English Grass Grass for grazing Finish off completely Be patchable Finish for Much Very much Be utterly & completely finished Wild oranges Finish off Mud Mud guard Mud guard Corn cob Initiates drums Colostrum Mosquito Beer at last stage of fermentation Day before beer is ready Child's play hut Oranges Flip flops Distress Hardship Problems Obstacles Licence to practice Papers Pepper Cold season Political science Maize Timber Wood planks Pride Harassment Trouble Spirit dance Type of spirit possesion Wild grass Custome where bride runs home Spirit sickness and dance Corn grounds Allusions Indirect criticism Allusion Innuendo Confidentiality Night Foreign lands Earings Night Coals The end Pus Charcoal Charcoal embers Hot coals Socks A childhood disease Diseae affecting children Spears Hair Root used in making cibwantu Page 68

Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Adverb Adverb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

6 6 Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 Na 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Masyikati Mata Mata Mata Matako Matalikilo Matata Mate Mate Matevwu Matevwu alupusi Matiila Matimbo Matoilete Matongo Matongo Matope Matuvwu Matwiza Matyopo Mauka Mavitamini Mavu Mavuba Mavwu Mavwu mabotu Mawoola Mayaadi Mayake Mayanga/Maanga Mazapuzapu Mazembe Mba Mbaani Mbabani Mbabaya Mbabo Mbale Mbasela Mbasela Mbeba Mbeli Mbezo Mbi Mbi Mbibani Mbobonyambuli Mbobonyambuli Mbolezi Mbolezi Mbolezi Mbombabo Mbongolo Mboobuya Mbooma Mbu Mbubo Mbubo Mbubo Mbubo Mbubona Mbubona Mbubonya Mbuli

Tonga-English Afternoon Daub Plaster Smear Buttocks The beginning Ancestors (of mine) Saliva Spittle Leaves Pumpkin leaves An edible beetle Mud Toilet Deserted village Ruins Mud Leaves Blisters Mud Caterpillars/Crusade Vitamins Soil Bellows Soil Fertile soil Hours Residential area of rich Structures Twins/Same Torn clothes Caterpillar Brood Who? Who? Those are the ones It is they Plate Bonus Extra Mice Blade Adz Different Other Who are they Exactly as Just as Compost Green manure Manure It is indeed they Donkey It is middling Boa constrictor As.... All right It is it Thats all Very well It is the same Similarly Just as As Page 69

Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Question Question Phrase Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Question Conjunction Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Phrase Noun Conjunction Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Phrase Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction

6 Na Na Na 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 2 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 Na 1 Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mbuli Mbumunya Mbumunya Mbunga itali yamfwulumende Mbungano Mbungano Mbuto Mbwela Mbyonte inondeke calo caina Mebo Mebo Meenda Meenda akubukaintu Meenda akubwaluumi Meendeenda aabukaintu Meendeenda abweense Meendeenda amumubili Meenzhi Meenzyo/Minsyu Mema Mena Mena Mena Menena Menesya Mfwula Mfwuli Mfwulumende Mibundu Mibundu Milawo Milibo Milomo Milomo yantonto Milomo yantoto Milumbe Mimena Mimena Mina Mine Minteelule Minununa Minwa Minwa Minwa Minya Minya Minzi Minzya Misamuyacitonga Misamuyacitonga Misozi Misunta Misya Misya Misyobomisyobo Mita Miyowe Miyowe Miyowe Mo Moa Momo Momu

Tonga-English Just as It is the same Similarly Ngo Assembly Gathering Seed Fall (fruit) Let me taste, i will stop, but its sweet I Me Water Vaginal fluid Semen Cervical mucus Seminal fluids Bodily fluids Water Urine Report Germinate Grow Swallow Grow for Make germinate Scoop Gizzard Government Beds (agriculture) Ridges Laws Cuttings Lips Labia majoris Labia majora Sentences Grain for ferment Yeast Wipe nose Blow ones nose Trumpet Strain Be overburdened Be sore Be stiff Crush Make stiff Community Sow Aftrican medicine Tonga medicine Tear (crying, etc) Bundles Cause to concieve Impregnate Different kinds Conceive Laments Outcries Wailling In there Coward In there In here Page 70

Conjunction Phrase Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Proverb Pronoun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative

Na Na Na 5 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 7 7 4 4 4 Na Na 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na 4 Na 4 4 4 4 Na Na 4 Na 4 Na 4 17 1 17 17

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I

Mono Monsauka Mooba Moobole Moofwu Moomba Moomba Moombe Moombe Moomu Moone kabotu Moongola/Mongololo Moongola/Mongololo Moongololo Moongwe Moono Mootokala Moowa Mooye Moyo Mozo Mpako yantoto Mpali Mpampawaawa Mpamunya Mpaso Mpawo Mpawo Mpawo Mpemo Mpesulo Mpeyo Mpeyo Mpilimpili Mpindu Mpindu Mpo Mpola Mpompi Mpongala Mpongo Mpongo Mpoona Mpoona Mpoonaawa Mpoonampoona Mpoto Mpozitajatiki Mpulazi Mpumbi Mpwizi Mu Mu Mu Mu Mubala Mubala Mubambilwa maji aabukaintu Mubandi Mubaya Mubaya Mubbazi Mubbi Mubbumu

Tonga-English In here Moult Kingfisher Bring down with a hook Blind person Ground hornbill Hornbill Calf Edge In here Good night Backbone Spine Corner Type of tree Fish trap Car Coward Single unmarried woman Heart Heart Vagina “there is on” Its right on this point Thereupon Grasshopper It is on there Then Thereupon Nose Pencil Cold Wind Pepper Business Profit But Ritual wrist bracelet Tap Cluster of rocks Goat Goat And then Next Right here Sudden Pot When things cannot be controlled Farm Crowd of people Heifer At In Inside Into Colour Person building a new home Ovary Dialogue Awkward person Careless person One who carries the initiate Thief Boer Page 71

Demonstrative Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Greeting Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Phrase Phrase Conjunction Noun Phrase Conjunction Conjunction Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Conjunction Demonstrative Adjective Noun Phrase Noun Noun Noun Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

17 Na 1 Na 1 1 1 1 3 17 Na 3 3 3 3 3 5 1 1 3 3 5 Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 5 1 1 Na Na Na Na 5 Na 5 5 1 Na Na Na Na 3 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mubelesi wacibbadela Mubetesi Mubetesi Mubezi Mubili Mubomba Mubombo Mubombo Mubondo Mububa Mubukkale Mubukwazuba mujulu Mubula Mubungabunga Mubuyu Mubuzyo Mubwa Mucaala Mucaangu Mucado Mucape Muccato Muce Muce Mucelo Mucembele Mucende Mucibuno Mucila Mucinga Mucito Mudaala Mudelele Mudima Mududuudu Mudumu Mudumu Mudumu Muduze Mudyanga Mufu Mufwolo Mufwu Mufwundisi Mufwuzi Mufwuzi Mugantu Mugelo Mugodi Mugodi Mugonti Mugwagwa Mugwazo Mujayaziyanze Mujiinci Mujisi/Mujiki Mujulu Mujulu Mujungusi a Mujwa Mujwa Mujwi Muka Muka

Tonga-English Clinic worker Judge Magistrate Wood carver Body Trunk of elephant Brachystegia flagristipulata Type of tree Barbel fish Type of tree Social One who wakes around noon Parinari mobola tree Type of tree Baobab tree Question Dog Orphan My little brother Wedding Witch doctor Money offered after initiation Little brother Younger brother Fruit Old woman Bull Waist Tail Type of shrub Deed Old man Okra Darkness Motorcycle Dampness Humidity Moisture Verandah Half cooked porridge Dead person Furrow Dead person Preacher Blacksmith Smith Noise Contour ridge Mine Well Well Road Piece work One who sows dissent Rhythmic beat of pestles Cook (person) In above The upper story Underneath Nephew Niece Big voice Arrive late Be late Page 72

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Noun Locative Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb

1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 Na 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 1 Na 3 Na 1 1 3 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Muka Mukaintu Mukali Mukambausi Mukami Mukamwini Mukamwini Mukande Mukandu Mukanwa Mukati Mukati Mukazimbazimba Mukkwilo Mukombwe Mukonde Mukondo Mukonzyanyo wabbiliki Mukoozu Mukowa Mukowa Mukozyanyo Mukubusi Mukubusi Mukubwe kaangala Mukula Mukuli Mukupa Mukupa wakunkolo Mukupwi Mukusu Mukuti Mukuwa Mukuwa Mukuyu Mukuzu Mukwaali Mukwakwa Mukwasi Mukwasi ukwasila nkondo Mukwasyi Mukwe Mukwesu Mukwilo Mulaka Mulaka Mulala Mulalabungu Mulambi Mulamu Mulamu Mulandu Mulandu Mulandu Mulandu Mulandu Mulangu Mulavwu Mulawo Mulawo Mulazyo Muleelanyika Muleli Mulelo bulelo

Tonga-English Wife of Woman Aggressive person Preacher Miller Master Owner Light beer Coward In the mouth Inside Within January Porridge made of milk Cock (rooster) Half cooked food Foot print Bridge model Weak person Clan Kind (clan, etc) Role/Example Girl post menstration pre initiation Young person April Ochre Load Milk Breast milk Type of mushroom Lump of nsima Burden European White man Fig tree Fig tree With wide horns Road In law The in law who quietens war Family Son in law Clansman (of ours) Whip Language Tongue Black mamba The milky way Sinew Brother in law My in law Case Crime Fault Offence Offence Bell Lion Law Policy Command Main road President Important person Page 73

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Preposition Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Proverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 17 3 Na 3 3 1 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 3 Na 3 1 Na 3 1 1 3 3 3 1 3 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 1 1

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mulemba Mulembo Mulemeko Mulemyo Mulemyo Mulenje Mulesi Mulesi Mulewu Muli Mulibo Mulide Mulilo Mulilo waleza Mulimi Mulimo Mulimo Mulimo Mulimo Mulimo wamumunzi Mulindi Mulindu Muliya Mulolo Mulombe Mulombe Mulombwana Mulombwana Mulomo Mulomo Mulonda Mulondo Mulondo Mulondo Mulonga Mulongo Mulongo Mulongo Mulozi Mulozi Mulozi Mulozi Mulubale Mululwe Mululwe Mulumbe Mulumbo Mulumbu Mulumbu Mulumbu Mulumi Mulundu Mulundu Muluso Muluso Muluso Muluti Mulwazi Mulwazi Mulwi Mulwi Mulyango Mulyango Mulyato

Tonga-English Sheet Cloth Politeness Honour Respect Member of the lenge tribe Weaned child Weaned child Container for milking In Pod Crop eaten before harvest Fire Herpes zoster Farmer Career Job Labour Work Community action Ditch Married woman Shrub with edible roots Juice Boy Young man Male Man Lip Mouth Watchman Clean person Neat person Smart person River Lime Line List Member of the lozi tribe Sorcerer Witch Wizard Member of the muvale tribe Bile Gall Messenger Church collection Church collection Full maize cob Mealie cob with grain Husband Hill Last day of the funeral Birch Flexible stick Lash Missionary Patient Sick person Heap (at the market) Pile Door Doorway Glutton Page 74

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Preposition Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 3 Na 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mulyazina Mulyazina Muma Mumama Mumambi Mumba Mume Mumisyi Mumo Mumo Mumo Mumuni Mumunzi Mumusika Mumya Mumya Muna Muna Munanze Muncile Muncini Mundomba Munduuzye Mundyoli Mune/Mume Munene Mung'anga Mung'ongo Munganganga Mungenya Mungisi Mungunga waji Mungunga waji Mungwala Mungwimba Mungwimba Mungwimba Mungwimba Muni Muni Munika Munika Munjile Munkala Munkoya Munkoyo Munkoyo Munkuli Munkulu Munkwa Munkwanza Muno Munoka Munoka Munsale/Musale Munsalo/Musalo Munsama Munseme Munsi Munsi Munsi Munsi a Munsi munsi Munsyu/Minsyu

Tonga-English Heir Successor Close mouth Miser Concubine Person without relatives Dew Pregnant woman In it It is there There in Light Rural At the market Coward Money received by brides mother Follower Subject (person) White ant Pumpkin leaves Machine Rock You have sold me Type of relish Mist Old man Diviner Type of tree Sponge Slope Englishman Egg yoke Yellow Crowbar Diesel Fuel Paraffin Petrol Fireflies Liver Light up Shine Warthog Dog Member of the nkoya tribe Fermented corn Root of a plant Calabash Bar Armpit Cricket In here Bleeding from the nose Nose bleed Stalk of sugar cane Friendly banter Indian Reed mat Near Pestle Under Near Very near Urine Page 75

Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Phrase Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Preposition Preposition Preposition Noun

1 1 Na 1 1 1 3 1 Na Na Na 3 Na 17 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 Na 3 5 1 1 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Na Na 3 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 Na 3 3 3 3 1 3 Na 3 Na Na Na 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Munsyundu Muntu Muntu Muntu Muntula Muntula Munwe Munya Munyama Munyanga Munyati Munyembwa Munyemfwu Munyengule Munyengwe Munyenzi Munyeu Munyinzia/Munyinza Munyo Munyoko Munyoko Munyoko Munyono Munyumbwe Munzhi Munzi Munzi Munzuwe Mupaale Mupaale Mupaizi Mupando Mupanusi Mupati Mupati Mupati Mupenzi Mupenzi ajanwe Mupeyo Mupika Mupila Mupila Mupondo Muponi Mupulanga Mupunga Musa Musaama Musaama Musabenzi/Musebenzi Musaini Musako Musako Musako Musale Musalo Musamba Musambilwa Musampizya Musamu Musamu Musamu Musamu ukasya kumita Musamu watuuka

Tonga-English Leech Man Person Person of bantu ethnicity Break (rope) Tear asunder (meat) Finger Same Animal Tusk Buffalo Wild boar Muscle Lower layers of thatching Green mamba Person of the locality Black ants Boundary Salt Brother Sibling Sister Jealousy Wildebeest Village Community Village Hangover after drinking alcohol Dandy Well dressed person One who offers sacrifice Sofa Clever person Adult Boss Elder brother Wretched person Obstacles Cold season Pot Condom Rubber Type of tree Healthy person Plank Rice Friend Fellow initiate (of mine) My age-mate Worker Mortuary Rod Staff Stick Sugar cane Fun in conversation Type of tree Bathroom Shrub used for cleansing Fertilizer Medicine Tree Emergency oral contraceptive Pesticide Page 76

Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 1 1 1 Na Na 3 Na 1 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 3 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Musamuwaluvwumwe Musana Musanga Musangu Musangu Musankwa Musankwa Musazina Musazinyina Musazinyoko Museenga Museete Musefwu Museke Museke Musekese Musela Museli Musembela Musemu Musemu Musemuna Musemwo Musena Musena Musena Musena Musena Musenga Musenga Mushi Mushimu Musibi Musika Musika Musikili Musili Musilikani Musilisi Musilisi Musilisi muniini Musilisi wabanyama Musimbi Musimbi Musinsi Musinsimi Musinza Musinza Musinza Musinza Musinza wamicelo Musinze Musinzi Musinzo Musoboyo Musole Musololi Musololi Musololi musankwa Musololi musimbi Musongo Musozya Musozya Musozya

Tonga-English Medicine to protect children Back of the body/Waist Cigarette Good spirit Rain spirit Boy Young male My relative His/her relative Your relative Sand Over ripe maize cob roasted Eland Glans penis Glans penis (tip of the penis) Type of tree Contemporary Namesake Kick of an animal Centre pole Centre support of hut Early rainy season Centre pole Dambo Marsh Valley Vlei Wetland San Sand Village Ancestral spirit Type of tree Baking soda Market Type of tree Gunpowder Policeman Doctor Healer Clinician Vet Girl Young woman Skirt Prophet Gravy Juice Sauce Soup Fruit juice Darkness Journey Distance Species of tree Soldier Leader Patron Head boy Head girl Clever person Boiled maize Maize grains cooked Samp Page 77

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 3 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Musozya wanyabo Musu Musuku Musuku Musule Musule Musulusi Musumali Musumbuluka Musumi/Muzumi Musumi Musumpo Musumpo Musune Musunko Musunko Musunse Musunse Musunta Musunta Muswaangano Musya Musya Musyabo Musyalano Musyini Musyini Musyobo Musyobo Musyobo Musyobo Musyobo Musyonga Mutaanga Mutabi Mutabi Mutabilila Mutanda Mutatula Mutavwu Mutebe Muteke Mutelo Mutendu Mutiba Mutiba Mutoke Mutonga Mutontolo Mutuba Mutumba Mutumbu Mutumbu Mutumbu Mutunga Mutuni Mutuni Mutunta Mutunta Mutuntula Mutuntuli Mutwe Muulo Muuma

Tonga-English Bean stew Sawdust Cob Dapaca kirkiana tree Afterwards At the back Fish monger Axle Monday Living person Tailor Bamboo Bamboo Ox Examination Test Borer Weevil Bundle Bundle of grass Meeting Delay Postpone Lover Generation Circle of grass Crown Colour Kind Species Tribe Type Cartridge Basket Branche Uncut branch Prevent Frame (bicycle, etc) Sjambok Greedy person Person of ndebele tribe Sinew Tax Strip of meat Dish Plate Buboes Member of the tonga tribe Cool and peaceful place A non relative Corpse Suckling mother Woman who has born children Young nursing mother Ray of light Mean Stingy Carcase Dead body Yellow Short, stout person Head Price Wild pig Page 78

Noun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Preposition Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 3 3 3 Na Na 1 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 3 3 1 1 3 3 3 Na Na 1 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 Na 3 3 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 Na Na 3 3 Na 1 3 3 1

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Muumba Muumba Muumbulu Muunda Muunda Muunda wamicelo Muundu Muungo Muungo Muungo Muungu myuunda Muutu Muuwo Muvwanda Muvwanda Muvwimi Muvwubi Muvwulo Muvwundu Muvwuule Muvwuule Muwa Muwo Muya Muya Muya Muyanda Muyani Muyoba Muyoba Muyobo Muyokesi Muyu Muyuni Muyuwa Muzeeso uluzi Muzeezo Muzeezo Muzenge Muzibe Muzike Muzike Muzikke Muzikke Muzilawa Muzimo Muzimo Muzimo Muzimo Muzimu Muzinga Muzingini Muziyo Muzolwani Muzovvwu Muzuba Muzuba Muzuba Muzuka Muzukulu Muzumi Muzumino Muzumino Muzuni

Tonga-English Lonely sorrow Spear Virgin Field Garden Orchard Field Spoon Stirring stick Wooden ladle Pumpkin with hard skin Path in thick mush Wind Baby Infant Hunter Rich person Monday Weal Harlot Immoral person Wind Wind Air Breath of life Oxygen (air) Root Bird Black cloud Total rainclowd cover with rain Continuous rain Emaciated person Soul Large bird Music rattle Better decisions Idea Plan Grass torch Eunuch Seedling Slave Garden nursery Nursery Kudu Ghost Spirit Spirit of death Spirit of the dead Ancestral spirit Falling flat on the ground Cock (rooster) Load Friend Elephant Meal, butter and groundnut mixture Nsima being cooked One who knows well Compost Grandchild Living person Belief Faith Bird Page 79

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 Na 3 1 3 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 3 1 3 1 1 3 3 1

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I

Muzuzi Muzya Muzyakula Muzyali Muzyazi Muzyika Mvula Mvwa Mvwa Mvwa Mvwacinkuli Mvwacinkuli Mvwana Mvwana Mvwide Mvwiki Mvwiki iboola Mvwisya Mvwisya Mvwisya Mvwula Mvwuse Mwaaba Mwaabi Mwaaka Mwaalu Mwaalumi Mwaalumi Mwaambi Mwaambi Mwaambilwa Mwaambilwa Mwaambilwa talubi Mwaanda Mwaanguzi Mwaanguzi Mwaanka Mwaanka Mwaawu Mwabeleka buti Mwabuka buti Mwai Mwaika Mwaika Mwaka Mwakali Mwakali Mwalibizya buti Mwami Mwami Mwami mukaintu wanzuki Mwana Mwana okwesu Mwana uuli mwida Mwana wakusomona/Linakusanguna Mwanaangu Mwanakazi Mwanamanga Mwani Mwanike Mwanja Mwaya Mwaya Mwaya

Tonga-English Wild cat Step child Grandchild Parent Female Be questionable Rain Feel Hear Understand Listen to gourd Listen to witchdoctor Agree Understand eachother Be in state of understanding Week Next week Cause to hear Make understand Understand thoroughly Rain Hat Jackal Generous person Gorge Elderly man Husband Man Speaker Speaker Audience One spoken to Audience does not forget Hundred Hymn leader Song leader Mean person Stingy person Yawn Good day/How have you worked Good morning Friend Be scattered Disperse Year Last year Next year Good afternoon Chief Rich person Queen bee Child One of the family Foetus First born My child Woman Cat Mopani tree Youngster Cassava Break down Demolish Destroy Page 80

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Proverb Number Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Greeting Greeting Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Greeting Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb

1 1 1 1 1 Na 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 3 Na Na Na 3 5 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Na 3 1 1 1 1 Na Na Na 1 Na Na 3 3 3 Na 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na I Na Na Na Na

Mwaya Mwayika Mwayika Mwebo Mwebo Mweebo Mweebo Mweemba Mweembezi Mweembezi Mweembezi Mweembezi Mweembo Mweemvwe Mweemvwe Mweemvwe Mweendanjangula Mweendezi Mweendo Mweengwe Mweeni Mweenima Mweenje Mweenya Mweenze Mweenzinyina Mweenzinyina Mweenzu Mweenzu Mweenzu Mweenzuma Mweesyo Mweesyo Mweeta Mweezi Mweezi Mweezya Mweka Mweka Mweta Mweto Mwezi Mwezi Mwezi Mwi Mwiila Mwiindi Mwiini Mwiiyi Mwini Mwini Mwinza Mwizeulu Myaanda yosamwe Myankuta Myonga Myongosana Myonta Na Na Na Naa Naa Naanizya

Tonga-English Scatter Dispose Scatter Ye You Jaw Jaw bone Trumpet Boy Hearder Herd Herdsman Horn of kudu played by initiate Fresh grass Grass Pasture Type of masabe dance Judge Leg Stripe Friend of bride groom Cousin Penis Place Male animal Friend (of him) Neighbour (of him) Guest Stranger Visitor Neighbour (of mine) A months mind festival Months mind funeral ceremony Stick of a trap Month Moon Comparison Glow Shine Smile Cold season Date Month Moon Some Member of the ila tribe Shin Handle (of an axe, hoe, etc) Teacher Handle Himself Pore Above 500 (100 x 5) Lick Feel stomach pain Have severe stomach pains Kiss If Mother of Whether Or When Inform Page 81

Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Preposition Number Verb Verb Verb Verb Conjunction Noun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Verb

Na Na Na Na Na 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 Na Na Na 3 3 3 3 Na 1 3 3 1 3 Na 3 Na 4 Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Naanizya Nabutema Nabutema Nabutema Nabwiinga Nacitontozya Nafwida Naifi Najempa Nakaala Nakasya Nali Nalufwubafwuba Naluntaambwe Nalupale Naluvwi Nama Namaanta Namalela/Namalelo Namalwa Namasandu Namaumbwe Namba Namulela Namutekenya Namutendele Nana Nana Naniba/Nanika Nanika Nanja Nanzele Nceeboshi Ncencico Nchili Nchoko Ncibi Ncibotu Ncico Ncicona Ncili amunsi Ncinga Ncinko Ncinko Ncinzi eeciya? Ncito Ncobeni Ncobeni Ncobeni Nconzyo Ndaba Ndala Ndandama Ndandama Ndategwa Ndeke Ndekwa mala Ndemwini Ndikiti Ndilyo Ndilyona Ndilyona Ndime Ndimwe

Tonga-English Instruct Divorced person Unmarried person Widow Bride Medicine to ease birth Sniff Knife Harlot Crested crane Duiker Any person Ant-bear Chameleon December Water buck Get wet Mistress of the house First wife Friction drums Term of respect for women Graveyard Mathematics 8th month of pregnecy Driver Bicycle Anoint oneself Apply ointment to oneself Apply ointment Anoint Lechwe Oribi Why? That’s/That Mortar Chalk It is bad It is good It is it Same thing Mortar and pestle Bicycle Insanity Madness What is that? Work Indeed Really Utter Truly So and so Left overs Put in line Set in queue I am said to be Aeroplane Kitchen waste I myself Type of dance It is it Immediately Instantly It is me It is you Page 82

Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Question Conjunction Noun Noun Phrase Phrase Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Question Noun Adverb Adverb Verb Adverb Noun Noun Verb Verb Phrase Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Pronoun Adverb Adverb Pronoun Pronoun

Na 1 1 1 1 5 Na 5 1 1 5 1 1 1 5 1 Na 1 1 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 Na Na Na Na 1 5 Na Na Na 5 5 Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m

Ndinywe Ndiswe Ndiwe Ndiza Ndongwe Ndongwe Ndulo Nduu Ne Ne Ne Nebo Nekuba boobo Nekuba boobo Nekuba boobo Nene Nene Nene Neneya Nenga Nenga Nesi Neta Netuka Ng'aima Ng'aima Ng'anda Ng'ombe Ng'ombe Ng'ombe mvwuma Ng'ombe nsomona Ng'onoone Ng'onzi Ng'ung'una Ng'ung'una Ng'unung'unu Ng/ombe zyamasuntu Ngamatata Ngawo Ngawo Ngaza Ngobyo Ngoloolo Ngoma yabuci Ngu Nguli Ngulube Nguni Nguvu Nguzu zyabamakaintu Nguzu zyamubili Nguzu zyamumubili Nhala Ni Ni Nia Niini Niini Ning'ina Ning'ina Ninga Ningayakuminwe Ninsalamina bulo Njanji

Tonga-English It is you It is we It is thou Perhaps Ground nuts Groundnuts It is it Quail Nay Never No I But However Never the less Big Fat Large Become fat Cut Cut (flesh) Nurse Wither Faint Gleam Glitter House Cow Cow slaughtered during initiation Hornless cow Cow calving for 1st time Sleeping sickness Sleepiness Hum Murmur Small talk Cow slaughtered during funeral Of my fathers clan It is it It is they Tower Long hooked sticks Ululation Hive It is Name given to baby by fathers clan Pig Who is it? Energy Women's rights Immune system Hormones Rake When Who? Excrete Little Small Contort Wag hips Ring Ring Something to think about in bed Rail road tracks Page 83

Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Conjunction Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Interjection Interjection Interjection Pronoun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Adjective Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Adjective Pronoun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Question Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Question Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na 7 9 9, 10 9, 10 9, 10 9, 10 7 Na Na 7 9, 10 Na Na Na 5 9, 10 9, 10 5 Na 5 5 Na 5 10 9 7 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Njeeyi Nji Nji Nji Njila Njila Njilila Njilila Njilila Njiyo Njiyo Njiyona Njiyonya Njizizya Njizizya Njizya Njizya Njizya Njizya Njizya muyo Njumu Nkaambo Nkaambo Nkaambo Nkaambo ku Nkaambo nzi Nkaambo nzi Nkaanga Nkaanga Nkabela Nkabela Nkabela Nkakata Nkako Nkalamabelo Nkamu Nkanga Nkanka Nkapu Nkapu Nkasaalo Nkeni Nketani Nkokuti Nkolola Nkolola Nkomeki Nkomo Nkomo Nkubula bulemu Nkuko Nkuko Nkuku Nkuku yakucoonde Nkulaya/Nakalay Nkumba Nkumo Nkungulume Nkuni Nkuni Nkuni Nkuni Nkuntala Nkutwe

Tonga-English Here it is Lot Many Much Admitted, to be Enter Commit adultery Enter for Fornicate It is it It is they The same thing It is even it Cause to enter for Put in for Employ Insert Proclaim chief Put in Inhale Dried Because Means Reason On account of... For what reason? Why? Diminutive Small And then Because Therefore Dice It is it Grand nephew Group Guinea fowl Stake Cup Screws holding pedals Sweet Water can Chain That is to say Initiation ceremony for girls Initiation coming out ceremony Cup Pocket Purse Bad manners It is it It is there Chicken Hen of thicket Rust Warm Forehead Bachelor Bee Firewood Fuel Wood Pig Diligent Page 84

Phrase Adjective Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Noun Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Conjunction Noun Noun Conjunction Question Question Noun Noun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Noun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na 5 Na 1 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na Na 5 9, 10 5 Na 5 1 5 5 5 5 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Nkuumuya banji Nkuumuya banji Nkwilimba Nobacaalimbide masaka Nobeni Nokuba boobu Nokuba kuti Nokuba kuti Nokubaboobo Nona Nondo None Nonezya Nonezya Nonga Nongo Nongo yavwunuvwunu Nonka Nono Nontola Nontola Nontozya Noonse Nsabata Nsambila Nsanza Nsazi Nsefa Nseke Nseke Nselezya Nshi Nsi Sikalileke/sikalileke Sikalileke Sikila Nsikipa Nsimbi Nsinga zyaluzyalo Nsinga zyeenzya bweenze Nsingo Nsininsini Nsondo Nsondo Nsoni Nsoni Nsoni Nsonje Nsozi Nsundi Nsuwa Nswa Nsweta Ntaamu Ntambo Ntambo Ntaulu Ntenda Ntenda Ntete Ntoni Ntoonko Ntoto Ntumba

Tonga-English Place of the dead Place where many go Pidgeon When they are still on the journey Yourselves In spite of this Although Though In fact Be sweet Tortoise Very sweet Interest Please Criticise Earthen pot Clay pot for beer post initiation Pluck out Sweet Stumble Trip Cause to stumble All of you Saturday Basin for washing newborn Wall opposite door Container for ochre Sieve Embryo Seed Prenatal medicine to ease delivery What? To be Aids Hiv Pneumonia T-shirt Nut/Iron Fallopian tubes Sperm duct Neck Different times Sunday Week Embarassment Shy Shyness Peak of roof Grass hopper Barren Milk gourd Flying termites Sweater Steps Rope String Head wrap Accident Danger Fresh Penis Cooked fresh maize with milk Vulva Cutlery and dishes Page 85

Noun Noun Noun Phrase Pronoun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Verb Noun Adjective Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Question Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 5 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 9, 10 Na Na Na Na 9, 10 9, 10 Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 5 9, 10 5 7 5 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 10 5 5 9, 10 Na 9, 10 5 1 5 5 1 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 5 9

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ntuntumaanzi Ntuto Ntuto Nubeni Nuka Nunka Nunka Nunkila Nunkilila Nunkizya Nunsya Nununa Nununa Nununa Nuunuka Nwa Nyaana Nyaana Nyabo Nyama Nyama yamoombe Nyamuka Nyamuna Nyamuna Nyana Nyana Nyananyana Nyandwa Nyandya Nyanga Nyansya Nyanyisi Nyanzabili Nyanzabili Nyaya Nyeemuzya Nyeleti Nyema Nyemezyanya Nyemu Nyemu mbwiila Nyemya Nyemya Nyenyezi Nyezi Nyika Nyika Nyika Nyika Nyikila Nyikula Nyimbo Nyindi Nyo Nyomenenwa Nyona Nyonanyona Nyonanyona Nyonaula Nyonga/Myonga Nyongana Nyongana Nyonganya Nyonganya

Tonga-English Malaria It is it It is they You yourselves Lift up head Smell Stink Be sweet smelling Smell nicely Scent Sniff Have first teeth Rescue Save Disappear Drink Be greedy Scramble for Beans Meat Veal Set out Lift Raise Be embarrassed Be thin Whither Be surprised Surprise Deprive Despise Onions Algae Green Deprive Tantalize Needle Be angry Anger eachother Groundnuts Type of hard grownd nut Annoy Make angry Stars Local Drown Land Soak in water World Sink Take out of water Music/Songs Fist Anus Admire Turn Hedge Use subterfuge Destroy Have labour pains Become upset Cause a commotion Confuse Upset Page 86

Noun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Adjective Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Adjective Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na 5 Na Na 5 5 Na Na 5 Na Na 5 Na 5 Na Na 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na

Nyonka Nyonokela Nyonsya Nyonyauna Nyonyooka Nyonyoona Nyonyoona Nyonzi Nyoola Nyoonse Nyoonse nyobile Nyota Nyumanyuma Nyumanyuma Nyumanyuma Nyungu zyazitende Nyunyanyunya Nywa Nywa Nywebo Nywebo Nywida Nywida Nywida Nywigwa Nywisya Nywisya Nzala Nzembwe Nzembwe Nzengene Nzi? Nzi? Nzila Nzila Nzila Nzila yakwiiya Nzila yamaulu Nzimbe Nzinswe Nzizyo Nzovwu Nzwanga Nzwanga Nzwisa Obezya Obia Obile Obo Obo Obola Obola Obozya Obu Obuno Obuya Ofwaala Okezya Okia Oko Oko Oku Okuno Okuno

Tonga-English Suckle Be jealous Breast feed Destroy Be destroyed Destroy Spoil Species of wild cat Shave All of you Both of you Thirst Be poor Not very well Unwell Pumpkin seeds Drizzle Drink Take medicine orally Ye You Drink for Drink from Drink to Be drinkable Cause to drink Given to drink Hunger Grey millet Millet Tick What? Which Path Route Way Learning styles Foot path Sugar cane Sex organs It is they Elephant Dissagreement Quarrel Beer given freely for tasting Obstruct That yonder Two That Thus Be quiet of heart Beckon Quieten heart This This here That yonder Be blind Rest That That There This Here This here Page 87

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Question Question Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Demonstrative Number Demonstrative Conjunction Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na 5 5 5 Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 1 Na Na 5 5 5 10 5 5 9, 10 Na 5 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Okuya Okuya Okwa Ola Ola Olia Olikke Olikke Oliy Olo Oloka Oloka Olola Olola Olu Omia Omo Omoka Ompolola Ompolola Omu Omuno Omuya Omwe Omweni Omweomwe Omwini Ona Onaula Onda One Oneka Oneka Onena Onga Onga Ongaye Ongelezya Ongola Ongolezya Ongolola Ongomana Onse Onse Onya kumaulu Onza Onzomoka Oompolola Oonse Oonse Opa Opeelo Osa Osa Osa Osanwe Otati Otatwe Otia Otiya Oto Otu Otuno Otuya

Tonga-English That yonder Yonder Belonging to Become stiff Cool That yonder By thyself Thou alone That yonder That Reap first maize Stretch out (intransitive) Straighten Stretch out (transitive) This In yonder In there Mourn announcing the dead Cry out Shout In here In here In yonder One Yourself Each Thyself Sleep Destroy Work hard Four Employ Put to sleep Sleep in/on Bend the body Deceive How many? Coax Live long Coax Cry out for mercy Become bent All The whole Be sleepless Throw upwards Cry out Shout All The whole Embrace Pail Plait Spin Weave Five As if indeed Three These These Those These These here Those yonder Page 88

Demonstrative Demonstrative Adjective Verb Verb Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Number Pronoun Adjective Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Number Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Question Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Number Conjunction Number Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Nn Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Oubu Oyo Oyu Ozona Ozona Pa Paila Pakaika Pakamisa Pakati Pakati! Pala Palangana Palauka Pambula Pampalika Pampula Panda Pandula Pandulula Pandulula Pandulula Pandulwida Panga Panga Panga Panga Panga coongo Pangana Pangana Pangana Pangana Pansaana Pansaana Pansawida Panshi Panta/Panda Panuka Panuka Papalika Papalika Papatisi Pasaula Pasaula Pasengwe Passa Pasuka Pasula Pasula Pasula Pati Pati Pati Pati Pati Patila Paya/Payila Payizya Pe Pe Peda Peekezya Peela Peepe

Tonga-English This That This Tomorrow Yesterday Give Sacrifice Pack fully Give oneself airs Come in! (response to hodi) Scrape Struggle Go on and pay no heed Shave around the head Stumble Serve food Split Operate Elaborate Explain Interpret Explain to Create Machete Make Plan Make noise Agree Make agreement with eachother Make contract Plan with someone Part Separate Split up for On the ground Open new field Be clever Be educated Skid Slip Baptise Be eloquent Split up Outside Pass an exam Lose blood Let blood Solve a problem Split Big Fat Great Large Old Stick in the mud Pray Use for sacrifice No Not at all Give for Hope for (something impossible) Sweep No Page 89

Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Interjection Greeting Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Interjection Interjection Verb Verb Verb Interjection

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No

M Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na

Pega Pegwa Pegwa Peka Pekema Pekema Pele Pele Pelela Pembeka Pembeka Penda Penga Penga Penga Penga Pengwa taindwi kamwi Penzegwa Penzezya Penzya Pesi Petauka Petekezya Petulula Piila Piila Piilla Piki Pilika Pilingana Pilingana Pilingana Piluka Piluka Pilusya Pilusya Pima Pima Pima Pima Pimya Pimya Pimya Pindula Pinga Pinguluka Pitikoti Piyano Plana Pobwe Pobwe Pola Pola Pompa Pompa Pompi Pona Pona Pona Ponya Popa Popa Posti ofesi Pozya

Tonga-English Offer Be given Be offered Wave Flaunt Shake in the wind But Only Visit Eavesdrop Listen carefully Go to the bad with drink Be troubled Be worried Suffer Worry Suffering does not come once Be troubled Trouble for Trouble But Zigzag Whisper Unfold Sacrifice to the spirits Squirt from the mouth Expel watter from mouth ritually Pick axe Carry on the head Be confused Be in commotion Be wrong Come back Return Cause to return Give back Check Examine Measure Test Be examined Be measured Be tested Twist arms behind the back Fix by wedging Come back Petty coat Piano Plan Feast Party Move residence Spoil Appear in view Pump Pump Be well Live Recover Cure Care Mind Post office Cause to move residence Page 90

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Conjunction Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Proverb Verb Verb Verb Conjunction Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No Yes No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Pubuka Pukuta Pulila Pumuna Puna Pupulula Pupungana Pusama Pusyuka Puta Puta Putauka Putayila Putila Putyu Puuma Puutana Puzauka Puzaula Puzuka Pwaika Pwaya Pwaya Pwayika Pwayika Pwazya Pwizi/Mpwizi Pya Pya Pya Pya Pya Pya Pyaanga Pyalweendo Pyeela Saala Saala Saala Saala Saalizya Saatani Sabaula Sabila Sabila Sakalamenti Sakamina Sakana Sakwida Sala Sala Sala Saladi Salala Salala Salala Salala Salama Salamukila Salamuna Salazya Salazya Salazya mukamufwu Salulula

Tonga-English Repent Wipe Share out nsima Rest Go under Winnow Be thin Become flaccid Slip from grasp Be a nuisance Move Move about Wrap Play with anothers property Hernia Be stupid looking Wither Come off (skin) Rub off skin Scalded Break Break Crush Be fragile Easy to break Crush with Female Be hot Be new Be ripe (fruit) Burn Hot New Sweep Commence a journey Sweep Attack Be finished off Ravage Sack Egg on Satan Cut into small pieces Make a noise Make noise Catholic sacrament Spread about Go far away Weed Choose Chose Elect Cooking oil Be clean Be pure Be red Red Lie on the back Get turned over into Turn over Clean Cleanse Purify the widdow Discriminate Page 91

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Sama Sama Sama Samba Samba Sambala Sambala Sambala Sambaula Sampaula Sampuka Sampuka Sampuka Sampula Sampuzya Samununa Samununa Sandamuna Sanduka Sandula Sandula Sandula Sandula Sandula Sanga Sangabalilwa Sangana Sanganya Sanganya Sangaula Sangaula Sangaula Sanguna Sanguna Sanina Sanka Sanka Sanka Sankwa Sansaila Sansamuna Sansayila Sante Santula Sanu Sanyembe Sanzana Sanzya Sanzya Sasa Saulula Sautu Seba Sebaanya Sebaanya Sebenza Sebenzya Sebenzya Seka Sekaseka Sekelela Sekelela Sekesya Sekesya

Tonga-English Dress Put on Wear Bathe Wash Hawk Sell Trade Chop up Despise Be discrased Loose ones good name Lose power Insult Revile De-robe Undress Invert Be changed Alter Answer Change Reply Translate Spread tail (bird) Rejoice Be mixed together Add Mix Analyse Disperse Waste Be first Begin Feed Boast Jeer Jeer Male Sparkle Wipe away Sprinkle Holy Be in heat Five Sun hemp Make friends Clean Wash Sour Finish off a person Salt Sieve Despise Disparage Work Employ Use Laugh Laugh all the time Celebrate Rejoice Laugh greatly Make laugh Page 92

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Number Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Selemuka Selemuka Selu Seluka Seluka Seluka Selusizya Selusya Selusya Sementi Sempuzya Senda Senda Sendelezya Sendelezya Senga Sengula Sensa Sensa Senya Sesa Sesa Sesemwa Sesemwa Sesemya Sesemya Sesya Sesya Setekanya Shakusama/Zyakusama Shala Shala Shalo Shana/Zyana Shati Shati Shelya/Eziya Sheno/Eezino Sheshi/Eezi Shesho/Eezyo Shi Shia/Siya Shia/Siya Shiba/Ziba Shika/Sika Shilulula/Zuzya Shilya/Eziya Shilyo/Zyakulya Shimba/Zimba Shimilimo/Similimo Shimpuka/Simpa Shimpuka Shindikila/Sindilia Shingula/Singulula Shino/Zino Shupa Siba Sibandilwaabana Sibbuku Sibika Sibika Sibulimi Sibunjaka Sibunjaka

Tonga-English Descend Go down hill Negotiate marriage by boys parents Descend Disembark Get off (transport) Take down for Cause to descend Take down Cement Be sarcastic Feel remorse Make love to Allude to Hint at Drink beer Cure Percolate Seep Amuse oneself Demand Judge Feel disgust Feel nausea Nauseate Revolt Amuse Make laugh Do perfectly Clothing Bear Beget They Dance Dress shirt Shirt Those yonder These here These Those They Be black Leave Know Arrive Fill in Those yonder Food Swell Worker Plant Set up Accompany Smear These here Difficult Whistle Type of wild cat Headman Put on fire Put on the fire Extension officer Busybody One who is disturbing Page 93

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Pronoun Verb Noun Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Adjective Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 Na Na 1 1 1

No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m I, m I, m I, m M Na Na I I I I I, m I, m I, m M I, m M M I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m Na M I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Sibwiinga Sicamba Siceenje Siciduunta Sicikolo Sicikonda Sicikulo Sicinanta Sicinguni Sicipongo Sicipongo Sicisekwe Sicisi Sicisi Sicoolwe Sicuubi Sicuuno Sidilwe Siide Siila Sika Sika Sikaale Sikaaya Sikaimaima Sikalifwune Sikalumaamba Sikela Sikila Sikoswe Sikube Sikubeja Sikugwasya Sikukolwa Sikukwata Sikulinga Sikulyaaba Sikunku Sikunku Sikupiila Sikusama Sikutumbuzya/Namutekenya Sikuukzya Sikuula Sikuunina Sikuzyana Sikweenzya Silika Silika Silika Silikani/Musilikali Silikika Silila Silubomba Silumfwukwe Siluwe Silweendo Sima Simaali Simabbuku Simakwebo Simalelo Simalelo Simalwezya

Tonga-English Bridegroom Brave person Bitting brown ant Seepage Student Mongoose Water buck Leper Stubborn person Bush pig Wild pig Goose Citizen Local person Lucky person Spider Chairman Mourner Be left behind Leave behind for Arrive Reach (arrive) Squirrel Jay Taproot Mean person Military personnel Sickle Arrive at Rat Vulture Liar Helper Drunkard Prospective bride groom Beggar Volunteer Fog Mist Expeller of water ritually Sewer Midwife Seller Buyer Cheat Dancer Driver Cure Treat Treat an invalid Police personel Be curable Burn food Merciful person Mole Leopard Traveller Become old Polygamist Headmen Business person Guardian Master Unlucky person Page 94

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 Na Na Na Na 1 1 5 1 1 5 Na 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 Na Na Na 1 Na Na 1 1 1 1 Na 1 2 1 1 1 1

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Simatukatuka Simaulu Simba Simba Simbula Simeenda Simeenzu Simigoti Simigoti Similimo Siminide Simizyaabo Simpa Simpa Simpana Simpaula Simpide Simpide Simpide Simpika Simpika Simpila Simpila Simpula Simpulula Simpulula Simpya Simudima Simugomagoma Simugomampako Simuka Simukobonyina Simukowa Simulimo Simunyeu Simusempula Simwiiya Simwina Sina Sinda Sinda Sindaila Sindikila Sindikila Sing'ombe Sing'ombe Sing'uzu/Singuzu Sing'uzu/Singuzu Singa Sinikizya Sinizya Sinka Sinka Sinkila Sinkondo Sinkondoma Sinkondonyina Sinkondonyoko Sinkuka Sinkuka Sinkulula Sinkulula Sinsa Sinsima

Tonga-English Bully Pedestrian Mark Tattoo Frown Water affairs worker Host Miner Well digger Worker Be self supporting Maternal uncle Plant Set up Fulfil Plant out TRUE Complete Genuine Plant Set Plant for Set up for Uproot Transplant Transplant Speak the truth Species of large bat Woodpecker Woodpecker Go off in a hurry Neighbour Clans person on mothers side Labourer Anteater Carrier Learners Announce Throttle Open new land Stamp earth Compact Accompany Escort Cattle hearder Oxherd Powerful person Strong person Curse Force Tell the truth Obstruct Stop Block Enemy My/our enemy His/her/their enemy Your enemy Be opened Be removed as an obstacle Clear an obstruction Open Rebuke Prophesy Page 95

Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

1 1 Na Na Na 1 1 1 1 1 Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na 1 1 1 Na 1 1 1 1 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Sinsimuka Sinsimuka Sinsimuna Sinswa Sinta Sintama Sintama Sintama Sintanta Sipunu Sisa Sisikizya Sisinkana Sisyizya Sitikila Sitilila Sitilila Sitilizya Siya Siya Siya Siya Siyasiya Siyasiya Siyasiya Slaika Sobana Sobelela Sobwe Sofwaala Sofwaala Sofwaala Sofweede Sofweede Sofweede Soka Soka Soka Soka Sokola Sokwe Sokwe Sola Soleka Solola Solozya Solweda Soma Somba Sombeezya Sombi Somona Somonona Sonda Sondela Sondoka Sondoka Sondokede Songelezya Sonsa Sonzola Soola Soomona Soomona

Tonga-English Awaken Awaken (intransitive) Awaken (transitive) Question the guilty Exchange Bend down head Bow ones head Look down Barter Spoon Hide Hiding from Follow close together Arrive along with Become calm Get rid of an evil charm Protect Shelter from the wind Black Dark Leave Leave behind Dark blue Dark green Darkish Hate Play Stalk No Be defiled Be dirty Be unclean Be completely defiled Be completely dirty Be in state of dirtiness Attack Break (rope) Do first Initiate Shell maize by pounding Baboon Woodlot Attempt Try Lead Send on in front Proceed Sheathe Feed a stranger Tantalize But Give birth for the first time Unsheathe Divine Peep Be crazy Be mad Be in state of madness Coax Germinate Prune Scare off Have diarrhoea Have dysentery Page 96

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Interjection Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Conjunction Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Sosela Sosela Sosoloka Sosoloka Sosolola Sosolosya Sosya Sotoka Sotoka Sotoka Sotooka Sowa Sowa Sowa Sowa Sowa Soweka Sowela Soya Suba Subila Subila Subila Subilo Subuka Subuka/Zubuka Subula Suka Sukama Sukama Sukowa/Mukowa Sukulula Sula/Zula Sula Sula Sulama Sulamika Sulana Sululwa Sulwe Sulwe Suma Sumbuluka Sumbuzya Sumina Suminina Sumpa Sumpuka Sumpula Sumpula Suna Sunda Sunda Sunda Sundauka Sundauka Sundi Sundila Sunga Sunga Sungala Sungama Sunka Sunkuta

Tonga-English Push into fire half burned ember Stoke Get out of the way Move aside Pull ember from fire Take out of way Call dogs off Cross over Hop Jump over Jump Abort Discard Loose Miscarry Throw away Be lost Throw in Soya Urinate Be red Red Urinate on Bladder Cross a river Repent Punish Shake up Concentrate on Lust after Clan Gargle Be full Break wind Hate Hang downwards Turn upside down Hate one another Be displeased Hare Rabbit Sew Resume work Smoothen Consent Mend by sewing Bore (weevils) Develop Develop Improve Break off lump of nsima Be a nuisance Play the fool Try continuously Experiment Try various ways Barren (animal) Be a nuisance Tie Yoke Release Sleep on mothers back Tempt Be lame/Limp Page 97

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Adjective Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Sunkwa Sunsa Sunsa Sunsa Sunsumana Suntwe Sunu Sunu kwasiya Sunza Susa Susumana Sutwala Suwa Swa Swa Swaana Swaana Swaangana Swaanganya Swaanya Swayila Sweeka Sweeka Sweeka Sweekelwa Sweekelwa Sweka Swena Swena Swenya Swiilila Swiilila Swiililana Swiililika Swika Sya Syaala Syaala Syaalila Syaambololo Syaanza Syaasyipa Syaataambi Syaba Syacivwulemwangu Syacivwulemwangu Syafwumbwamuunyu Syalo Syamba Syanga Syanga Syanga Syankole Syasyamuna Syaya Syini Syini Syokoka Syokwe Syola Syolekela Syolomba Syolomba Syolooka

Tonga-English Be tempted Dip food into relish Dip lump of nsima into relish Start a topic Sit squatting Hyena Today Tonight Beg a trifle Haul continuously Squat Prospective bride groom Fire stone Come from Spit Meet Meet eachother Meet each other Meet Join File Be lost Get lost Go astray Loose Loose things Leak Approach Approach Bring together Listen Understand Listen to eachother Be understandable Heal Dig Remain Stay Be last Kudu Lion Plant used for relish Dumb person Choose future wife Mean person Stingy person Greedy person They Pinch Plant Sow Transplant Warthog Have steady pains or contractions Cheek Cold (disease) Sneezing Be broken (bones, etc) Forest Make sound with tongue Answer rudely Toss in pain Writhe Complain Page 98

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na 5 Na Na Na 1 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 5 1 Na 1 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na 5 5 5 Na 3 Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Syoma Syoma Syoma Syoma Syomede Syomeka Syomeka Syomeka Syomeka Syomonona Syomonona Syonda Syonda Syondana Syooma Syoonto Syoonto Syubula Syubusyubu Syuga Syupa Syupa Syuuka Syuumba Syuumbwa Syuunta Syuuntuka Taaku Taakwe Taala Taaluka Taamba Taanguna Taanzi Taata Taatakulu Taba Taba Tabauzya Tadula Tafwuna Taiyi/Tayi Tajisi Takata Takata Taku Talika Talika Talisya Talwa Tama Tamauka Tamaukila Tamba Tamba Tamba Tambika Tambika Tambika Tambikizya Tambisya Tambula Tambula Tambula

Tonga-English Believe Expect Hope Think Be sure Be loyal Faithful Reliable Trustworthy Despair of Loose hope Crush Squash Be crushed together Simmer Little Small Pound with narrow end of pestle Green harmless snake Sugar Be difficult Be hard Burgeon Lion Lion Suck Not burn well There is none There is none Tarmac Step over Dumb Be first First Father (of mine) Grandfather (of mine) Prop up Support Prevent from suckling Cheap Chew Tie Be empty Fuss Turn ones back on There is not Begin Start Begin with Be amazed Accuse Complain Excuse oneself Call Invite Request Stretch Hand Hand out Put forth hand Hand up Train oxen Get Receive Welcome Page 99

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Phrase Phrase Noun Verb Adjective Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Phrase Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 5 Na Na Na 5 1 Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Tambulwa Tamikizya Tamikizya Tamina Taminina Taminizya Tampula Tamvwa Tanda Tanda Tanda Tandabala Tandila Tanga Tanga Tangala Tangala Tangana Tangede Tanta Tanta Tanta Tantaacuulu Tantaana Tantaanya Tantamuka Tantamuna Tantamusya Tantaniswa Tantila Tantila Tapatila Tapaula Tapula Tapula Tatanisa Tataniswa Tatauka Tataula Tatu Tatu Tauni Taya Tazula Tazya Teba Tebba Tebba Tebula Tebule Teela Teelekede Teelela Teelela Teelela Teelelesya Teesyi pensi liya kwa moonga pe Tega Tegwa Teka Teka Tekaana Tekaana Tekaanya

Tonga-English Be welcomed Faulsely accuse Slander Accuse Stake a claim Excuse oneself Receive Deaf Chase Chase away Drive away Stretch out legs while sitting Pursue Commit adultery Fornicate Be happy Be very happy Establish friendship Establish companionship Ascend Climb Go up Rape (relish) Be scattered Thinning Get out of the way Take out of the way Separate Marry (woman) Board Mount Attach to one who is bigger Scatter from a container Remove with a stick Throw Marry (man) Married in a church Refuse utterly Scatter with paws Third Three Town Make oneself liable to be enslaved Untie Puzzle Cut firewood Collect firewood Cut firewood Harvest Table Comply Be caught in vessel Comply Hear Obey Listen attentively It is not a serious problem Name Be named Draw water Fetch Rock (intransitive) Shake (intransitive) Rock (transitive) Page 100

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Number Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Phrase Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Tekaanya Tekela Tela Telaika Telaika Telegilamu Teleka Teleka Telekela Telekezya Telesya Tema Tema Tembala Tembaula Tembaulana Temena Temena Temenena Tenda Tenda Tendaula Tendaula Tende Tendeleka Tendelesya Tenga Tenga Tengenezya Tengenezya Tengwe Tengwe Tenta Tenta Tenta Tenteleka Tenzya Tenzya Tenzya Tenzya Teta Teta Tete Tete Tete Tete Tete Tete Tete Teteeta Teteeta Teteete Tetemuka Tevva/Tebba Teya Teya Tezemuka Tezilila Ti Ti Tia/Yoowa Tia/Cija Tifuka Tiimana

Tonga-English Shake (transitive) Draw for someone Pay a tax Consider Think Telegram Collect as water Cook Collect in pools (intransitive) Collect in pools (transitive) Collect tax Cut down trees Fell trees Carry together Celebrate the praises of Praise eachother Cut down for Fell for Cut down completely Cut Cut with knife Cut into pieces Slice Foot Roil (intransitive) Roil (transitive) Grumble Quibble Balance on the head Carry on the head Black locust bird Blackbird Burn Cook Roast Stagger Arouse discontent in another Cause to cut Cut with Use to cut Become soft Become wet Damp Easy Fresh Green Moist Soft Uncooked Be soft Be weak Weak Steep Gather firewood Set a snare Trap Be slippery Slip down Say Speak Fear Flee Bend a joint Be spoiled (person) Page 101

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na

Tiimika Tiinsi Tija Tija Tijaana Tijaana Tika Tika Tika Tila Tila Tila Tila meenda Tilatila Tilila Tilimuka Tinga Tinga Tingaana Tinka Tinka Tinta Tinti Tintimana Tizya Tizya Tizyanya To Tobela Tobela Tobela Tobelela Tobelezya Tobelezya Tobeni Tobilo Tola Tola Tola Tolalubazu Tolalubazu Tolela Tolo Tolo Tolola Tolooka Tolwaala Tolya Toma Toma Tombawida Tombayila Tombe Tombela Tomoona Tondeka Tondeka Tondekaa Tondezya Tondezya Tondwa Tondwa Tone Tonga

Tonga-English Spoil (person) It is not Fear Flee Run Run away Be split Overflow Spill Pour Pour water Split Urinate (pass water) Pour again Irrigate Shudder Stick in throat Throw in wrestling Wrestling Beating of a drum Make bored Change Marshland Be half submerged Elope with Flee with Elope together They Comply Follow Track Continue Follow along Take along with We ourselves Twice Carry Take Take away Participate Take part Carry for Kudu Lazy Take back Account for Be lazy Those yonder Send Taste food Fall upon Go reluctantly Dirt Lizard Eat little of Aim at Point Point at Demonstration Show Be forbidden Be taboo Four times Crack joints Page 102

Verb Phrase Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Number Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Adjective Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Number Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 13 1 Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Tongaye Tongooka Tonka Tonka Tonta Tonta-tonta Tontola Tontola Tontola siko Tontomona Tontozya Tontwede Tontwede Tonzya Tooka Tooka Toosya Tosanwe Totatwe Toto/Ooto Totu/Ootu Towa Towa Toyola Tozya Tuba Tuba Tuba-buu Tubeelabeela Tubi Tubungwe Tubya Tukana Tukila Tukila Tukila Tukka Tukoko twantumba Tukulukulu Tukulukulu Tukulukulu Tukulukulu Tukuna Tukusu Tula Tula Tula Tulaula Tulonda londa Tuluka Tulukila Tulula Tulula Tulumaluma Tulwida Tulya Tuma Tumba Tumbatila Tumbuka Tumbusya Tumbusya Tumbuwa Tumina

Tonga-English How many? Complain Push Shove Shove Urge Cold Quiet Very cold Cool off (ones anger) Cool Become cool Die Crack joints Be reduced Subside Cause to be reduced Five times Thrice That This Dazzle Shine Clear ones throat Take off in a certain direction Clean White Very white Little pieces Excrement Groups Whiten Use foul language in altercation Abuse verbally Insult Use foul language Put on head Beer for initated girl Little things of the past Old grudges Old matters Old things Insult Small lumps of nsima Deposit Lay eggs Put down a load Prick Herpes simplex Be pierced Be piercable Pierce Pierce right through Vermin Pierce for Those yonder Send Owl Catch with both hands Give birth Act as midwife Deliver a child Fritters Send to Page 103

Question Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Number Number Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Demonstrative Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 13 13 13 Na Na Na Na Na Na 13 Na 13 13 13 Na 13 Na Na Na Na 13 Na Na Na Na 13 Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na 13 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Tumpa Tumpiyo Tumpu Tuna Tuna Tuna Tuna Tundulu Tundulula Tundulula Tundulula Tunga Tunga Tunga Tungana Tungana Tungumana Tuniininiini Tunji Tuno Tunsiyansiya Tunsiyansiya Tunta Tunta/Tumpa Tusiinga tubamba mamundelele Tusilinga tubamba namundelele Tusinga tubamba namundelele Tusobano Tusolo Tuyuni tuzyibene mililo Tuzukuza Tuzukuza Tuzunda Twa Twa Twaambo Twaambo Twala Twalo Twangila Twe Twe Tweta Twigwa Twigwa Twika Twikka Tyaba/Taba Tyanka Tyankwatyankwa Tyoka Tyola Tyompwa Tyompya Uba Ubauba Ubila Ubilide Ubilila Ubilwaubilwa Ubilwe ubilwe Ubo Ubula Ubya

Tonga-English Become septic Traditions Genital warts Be queer (traditional sense) Be strange Be unsuitable Be unusual Nakedness Inflict pain Severely punish Torture Penetrate Sew Thread Form a line Go in line Be thoughtful Very very small Often Those here Customs Traditions Decompose Swell (carcase) Prostate gland Prostate gland Bartholin's gland Sketches Pelvis Little birds know eachother by calls Hank Skein Germs Pound Stamp grain Sayings Sentenses Marry They Boast Ash Ashes Beat normally (heart) Be pounded Be stamped Help put load on head Cause to put on head Answer Press Be pressed Be broken Break Be disappointed Disappoint Be light Be easy Crowd around Be inaccessable Be not easy to reach Susceptible Be made easier That Despise Dilute Page 104

Verb Noun Phrase Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adverb Demonstrative Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Proverb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Pronoun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb

Na 13 Na Na Na Na Na 13 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 13 13 Na Na 13 13 13 13 13 Na Na Na 13 Na Na 13 13 Na Na Na 13 13 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na

Ubya Ubya Ugwa Ugwa Ukilalyo Uko/Aka Uku/Ako Ula Ulika Ulika Ulika Ulika Ulikizya Ulikwa Ulila Ulisya Ulisya Ulo Ulu Uluba Uluka Ulya Uma Uma Uma Uma Umakabila Umbu Umbulizya Umbulizya Umbulizya Umbulizya Ume/Mebo Umina Umina Umina Uminwa Umo/Omo Umpa Umpe Umpe Umpika Umpuka Umputula Umuna Umuna Umuna Umwe/Nywebo Umwiumwi Umya a foni Umya lukwasyo UmyawaleUmyaluwaile Unda Unga Unga Ungana Ungula Ungumana Ungumana Unina Univesiti Unka Unka Unka

Tonga-English Lighten Slight Be fallen on by rain Have rain upon oneself Go away for good That there This here Buy Be buyable Christen Give name to Name Nickname Be named Buy for Cause to buy Sell That This Scorch Fly That yonder Beat Hit Kick Strike Make an outcry Burn Cradle baby Lull baby Rock baby Soothe baby I Be quiet Hit for Strike for Be beaten up In there Burn Jackal Wild dog Be burnable Ignore Break up clods Be quiet Be silent Become silent Ye, you One apiece Telephone Beat with iron rod used in cooking Telephone someone Smoke (fire) Blow as wind Might Be sickly Stultify with drugs Be morose Be quiet Deceive University Depart Go Go ones way Page 105

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Auxiliary verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No

Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Unka Unkila mumulonga Uno Unya Unza Unza Upaika Upaupa ameso Upaupa ameso Upaupa ameso Usa Usa Uso Uso Uso Uswe/Swebo Usya Usya Usyi Usyizyala Utani Uto Utu Uulanga Uuli oonse Uuli oonse Uwe Uyo Uyu Uzya Uzya Vitamini Voleba Vozya Vozya Vukumuna Vula Vulula Vulumuka Vulumuka Vumba Vumba Vumbila Vumbuka Vundika Vundika Vundika Vundula Vunga Vungayila Vunika Vuninina Vuninina Vunkumuna Vuntamuka Vuntamuna Vununa Vuuma Vuumuka Vuumukila Vuzya Vwa/Zwa Vwakaca Vwakaca

Tonga-English Set out Be drowned This here Be selfish Begin to brew beer Prepare for ceremony Deceive Dissemble Feign Play the hypocrite Be sad Be sorry Father (of yours) Thy father Your father We Cause to be sad Feel shame Father (of him/her) His/her father in law Dont be That This Responsibility Anyone Whoever Thou That This Pay no heed Sell Vitamins Applaud Give out Pay Shake out Be enough Bloom Flare up (anger, etc) Rush Cover Thatch Mulch Crop up Initiate a girl Leave to ripen Postpone Stir up Fold Wrap up Cover Completely protect Protect Beat (carpet) Get up from lying face down Set upright Open Roar (river, etc) Rush Rush upon Fill Come out from Go about Visit Page 106

Verb Verb Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Verb Verb Noun Noun Phrase Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 1 Na Na Na 1 1 Na Na Na 5 1 3 Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na I M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na

Vwalama Vwampila Vwampila Vwampila Vwapula Vwapula Vwela Vwemuka Vwenta Vwiila Vwiila Vwiima Vwika Vwikila Vwikkila Vwikkila Vwima Vwitima Vwitima Vwobela Vwobela Vwola Vwoomeka Vwozegwa Vwuba Vwuba Vwuba Vwuba Vwuba Vwubaila Vwubide Vwubuka Vwula Vwula Vwula Vwulisya Vwuma Vwumba Vwumba Vwumina Vwumina Vwuna Vwuna Vwundama Vwundamuka Vwundamuna Vwundauka kumoyo Vwunga Vwungaila Vwungaila Vwungulula Vwungulula Vwunika Vwuntama Vwuula Vwuuma Vwuwa Vwuzya Wa Waala Waala Waala Waala Waala abbwe

Tonga-English Lie face down Grab Pounce upon Snatch Beat upon Scourge Mix Sing together Look for Answer Reply Wheeze Raise hands in boxing attitude Cover with earth Cover Fill in Hunt Purr Snore Clap with cupped hands Clap with respect Be paid Assemble Be distributed Acquire Be rich Be wealthy Get rich Own livestock Walk about in expensive clothes Be in possession of Cross, cross over Be abundant Be much Too much Be too much Coconut Cover Thatch Agree Consent Defend Rescue Lie on the face Be turned over Turn over Be nauseated Wrap up Wrap Wrap up Unfold Unwrap Cover Lie on face Be promiscuous Roar Answer Fill Fall Cast Hurl Throw Throw down Stone Page 107

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Wailesi Wakubeleka anduwe Walo Wasya Wayawaya We Webo/Yebo Weela Weelela Weelu! Welya/Ulya Weno/Uno Weza Wezo/Ulya Wezu/Oyu Wezuka Wida Wida Widwa vwuma Widwa vwuma Wiika Wiika Wila Wilibbala Wimba/Imba Windo Wisuka/Wezuka Wisya Wisya Wo Wo Wo Ya Ya buyo Ya kumwezi Yaama Yaama Yaamika Yaaya Yaazya Yabila Yaka Yaka Yaka Yaka Yaka Yakula yanyonka boombe Yakulula Yala Yala/Jala Yala Yalabulo Yalana Yalo Yalo Yaluka Yaluka Yalukila mwida Yalula/Jalula Yalula Yamba Yambika Yambika Yambukila

Tonga-English Radio Counterpart He/she/it Wash (clothes, etc) Hesitate He/she/it Thou Jeer Jeer Booh! That yonder This here Hunt That This Faint Fall in Fall on Be lucky Have coconut fall on ones head Ignore Ignore Go to fresh pasture Wheelbarrow Sing Window Faint Cause to fall Let fall It There They Go Go away Menstruate Lean Lean against Lean against Melt Melt (transitive) Sing a sad song Build Burn Glow Roast Set ablaze The aged cow suckles calves Rebuild Set table Shut Spread out Make a bed Sit abreast It They Have first menstruation Menstrate Be an adult from the womb Open Roll up Swim Be fit for swimming Patch Spread Page 108

Noun Noun Pronoun Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb Interjection Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Verb Verb Verb Proverb Proverb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Demonstrative Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Proverb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

5 6 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na I I Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na

Yambukizya Yamina Yana Yanda Yanda Yanda Yanda Yanda Yanda Yandana Yandaula Yandaula Yandawida Yandika Yandika Yandika Yandika Yandika Yandisya Yandisya Yandisya Yanga Yanga Yangala Yanika Yanzila Yanzya Yasa Yasa Yasa Yasaula Yasaula Yasya Yasya Yasya Yasya Yasya Yasya Yauka Yaula Yavula Yawe! Yawe! Yaya/Jaya Yaya/Iyala Yebo Yeeka Yeeka Yeeya Yeeya Yeeya Yeeya muntu Yeeyela Yeeyezya Yeezya Yelya/Eziya Yeno/Ecino Yeyeela Yi? Yibula Yibula Yibulula Yiisya Yintizya

Tonga-English Infect Scare off birds Find Like Love Need Require Want Wish Love one another Look for Seek Search for something for another Beloved Dear Dry Important Wanted Like very much Love very much Want very much Scratch Scratch as fowl Be few Spread out to dry Inspect Permit Immunize Vaccinate Wound Knock about Wound Build with Cause to build Have immunizations Light match etc Start a fire Use to build Be torn Tear Crawl No! Nonsense! Kill Make bed Thou Breath Breathe Brainstorming Suppose Think Miss someone Suspect Remind Remind These yonder This here Visualization Where? Scoop Skim Skim Lecture Excite Page 109

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Interjection Interjection Verb Verb Pronoun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Question Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Yo Yo Yoba Yobola Yobola Yobola malembe Yoboloka Yobolola Yobolola Yobozya Yobu Yobu Yobu Yobya Yoka Yoka Yoka Yokeka Yokolola Yolwa Yooma Yoosya Yoosya Yoowa Yoowa Yota Yota mulilo Yotela Yovwa Yoya Yoya Yuba Yubayuba Yubilila Yubuluka Yubulula Yubulwida Yukila Yuma Yuma Yuminina Yuminina Yuminwa Yumu Yumu Yumu Yumu Yumu Yumu Yumuka Yumuna Yumuna Yumusya Yumwida Yumwida Yumya Yumya Yumya Yumyayumya Yuna Yungizya Yungizya Yunifoomu Yupa

Tonga-English It They Keep Save Store Keep records Assemble (intransitive) Assemble (transitive) Collect Cause someone to keep for you Clamour Make a commotion Make an uproar Cause to shout Bake Roast Toast Easy to roast Remove sticks from the fire Be gathered up Chat Cause to fear Frighten Be afraid Fear Sit round the fire Warm by the fire Sunbathe Help Breath Breathe Hide oneself Talk loudly Lay in ambush Appear Reveal Reveal in Heal (wound) Become dry Become hard Dehydrate Dry up completely Feel badly in need of Difficult Dry Fit (healthy) Hard Strong Tough Stand off Carry Carry on shoulders Raise up Carry for Carry in Dry Harden Strengthen Encourage Be glimpsed Add to Increase (transitive) Uniform Peel Page 110

Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Yupa Yusa Yusa Yusukila Yutuka Yuuna Yuuna Yuunya Zabala Zabana Zabuka Zabuka Zabusya Zabusya Zaka/Yaka Zaka/Yaka Zaka/Yaka Zakala Zakala Zyakulya Zakulya ziyaka mubili Zalikizya Zalikizya Zalikizya Zalo Zambayila Zambulula Zanda Zanda Zanda Zandauka Zandauka Zanika Zapaula Zapuka Zeekezya Zeeleka Zeeza Zeka Zela Zela Zelazela Zeleka Zelenganya Zemba Zemba Zemba Zembelwa Zendekezya Zendekezya Zeta Zhibeluka Zhima Zhingashila Zi Ziba Zibauka Zibe Zibe Zibeela Zibelesyo Zibelesyo Zibelesyo Zibibi

Tonga-English Shell Hide in the shade Take shelter Resume work after lunch Be visible Quake Shake (intransitive) Shake (transitive) Prodigal Make mischief Cross Cross a river Ferry across Ferry across (river, etc) Build Burn Set ablaze Loose esteem Tear Food Protein Imagine Invent Nickname Spread out Wind around Unwind Like Love Want Be different from Separate from Spread out to dry Tear in many places Be torn Question a person Stagger Think Try a case in court Fish with a net Vanish Vanish intermittently Report to Evade the issue Going up and down Pace ceremonially at funeral Ritual pacing at funeral Overeat Allude to Connote Disappear from view Remember Stand Remember Know Castrate Look all around Be a eunuch Be castrated Roles Equipment Resources Tools Ashes Page 111

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8 8 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8 8 8 8 8

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I I Na I Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na I I I Na Na I Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Zibila Zibila Zibila Zibisya Zigwasilizya Zigwasilizyo Zigwasyizya Ziima Ziimbo Ziindi zyamwaka Zijanwa mo Zijisi ziyaka mubili Zika Zikila Zikka Zikoboko Zikolo zipati Zikomo Zila Zilazila Zilula Zilulula Zilyo Zilyo Zima Zima Zima Zimaana Zimaana Zimba Zimba Zimbuluka Zimina Zimina Zinga Zinga Zingayila Zinguluka Zinguluka Zinguluka Zingulukide Zinji Zintu zikoola Zintu zinji Zinza Zinzuka Zipopwe Zisamu Zisobano Zisobano Zisyango Zisyuuko Zitima Zitondezyo Zitondezyo Zivwumbwa Ziya Ziyaku/Ziyako Ziyandika Ziyandika Ziyoosya Ziza Zonaula/Imwayaula Zonda

Tonga-English Be accustomed to Be used to Become accustomed Know well Support systems Interventions Support systems Be foolish Songs Seasons Benefits Protein rich Bury Plant Bury Morning or midday meal Institutions Objectives Plaster Smear all over Make one unconcious Replaster Crops Food Erase Extinguish Rub Be terminated End Be swolen Swell Decrease (swelling) Die Finish Attack as many Surround in an attack Coil around Go around Surround Wrap around Be surrounded Many (things) Toxicities Lot of things Perculate Be tepid Maize Wood sticks Drama Games Crops Shoots Bricks Results Symptoms Livestock Grind with stone Poles Needs Qualities Risks Come Destroy Hate Page 112

Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na 8 8 8 Na 8 7 8 Na Na Na Na Na 8 8 Na Na Na Na 8 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8 8 Na Na Na 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Na 8 8 8 8 Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na

Zonda Zoowa/Iyoowa Zoowa/Iyoowa Zota/Iyota Zuba Zuba Zuba Zuba Zubuka Zubula Zubula Zubula Zubulula Zubwide Zubwide Zukazuka Zukila Zukila Zukila Zukula Zula Zula Zula Zula Zulazula Zulilila Zulilila Zulumuka Zuma/Yuma Zuma/Yuma Zuma/Yuma Zuma/Yuma Zumanaana Zumanaana Zumanana Zumanana Zumbaana Zumi Zumi Zumina Zumina Zuminina Zumizidwe Zumizya Zumizya Zumizya Zumu Zumu Zumu Zunda Zunda Zunda Zundana Zundana Zundana Zunga Zunga Zungaana Zunta Zupumana Zusya Zuza Zuzya Zuzya

Tonga-English Wish ill Be amazed Be surprised Sit round the fire Catch fish Day Fish with basket-net Sun Cross over (river, etc) Extracate Pick up Take up Explain Has been picked up Has been taken up Be guessing Be soft Masticate Mix Guess Be full Fill up Miss Note absence of Check Be completely full Be full to the brim Go about aimlessly Be dry Be hard Be strong Thunder Endure Insist Perservere Persist in dispute Swing from Alive Not decayed Agree Consent Completely dry up Be allowed Allow Determine Let Dry Hard Strong Conquer Overcome Win Compete Compete with Vie for Move from one place to another Wander about Quake Throb Stand erect Fill Run Fill Fulfil Page 113

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na I I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na I I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Zuzya Zwa Zwa Zwa Zwa Zwangana Zwela Zwezya Zwide Zwisya Zwisya Zwisya Zwizya Zwizya Zya Zya Zyaano Zyakubikka mumuunda Zyakucita Zyakucita Zyakucita Zyakucita kung'anda Zyakulya Zyakulya zipa nguvu Zyakulya ziyakukomena Zyakusana Zyala Zyala Zyalila Zyalila Zyalilwa Zyalisya Zyalo Zyalwa Zyana Zyandamana Zyandamana Zyandamina Zyatila Zyazi Zyede Zyeendelo Zyeenyama Zyeenyama Zyi Zyiba Zyiba Zyiba Zyibila Zyibya Zyila Zyila Zyina zyamusamu Zyinga Zyingwa Zyo Zyoka/Joka Zyoka/Joka Zyokolola Zyondola Zyoonse Zyula Zyula Zyuli

Tonga-English Increase Come from Come out from From Get away Quarrel Flash Catch a glimpse Be filled up Extract Take away Take out Be leaking Leak Come Sell Myths Inputs (agriculture) Activities Tasks Things to do Homework Nutrition Carbohydrates Protein Clothing Bear children Give birth Give birth for Give birth to Be born Prolifically give birth They Be born Dance Be determined Stand ones ground Withstand Stick to pot Female Have given birth Transport Be crooked Be lopsided Know Come to know Give knowledge Know Get accustomed to Sensitize Be coming from Come from Tree name Perplex Be perplexed They Return Return from a journey Turn around Give medicine to retain affection Everything Make something move Take up by the roots Bedroom Page 114

Verb Verb Verb Preposition Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Phrase Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Pronoun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8 8 8 8 8 8 Na 8 8 8 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8 Na Na 8

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

English-Tonga

English TRUE “there is on” (call word) (call word) (exclamation of surprise) (question marker) (response to hodi) 1 stringed musical bow 15 (10 + 5) 20 (10 x 2) 50 (10 x 5) 500 (100 x 5) 80 (10 x 8) 8th month of pregnecy A childhood disease A little A months mind festival A non relative A panga A relative A shilling A strong gust of wind Abcess Abdominal Able to Abort About Above Above Above Above Above Abrase Abscess Abstain Abstain Abstinence Abstinence Abstinence Abuse verbally Acceptance Accident Accident Accompany Accompany Accompany Accordion Account for Accuse Accuse Accustomed Acquire Across Act as midwife Act foolishly Activities Adams apple Add Add salt Add to

English Tonga Dictionary Tonga Part of speech Simpide Mpali Hodi Hodini Ma Hena Pakati! Kalumbu Kkumi awosanwe Makumi obile Makumi osanwe Myaanda yosamwe Makumi lusele Namulela Masoto Kaniini Mweesyo Mutuba Ipanga Bbululu Isyeleni Bbubbula Cuude Cintu cijatikizya mwida Konzya Sowa Azya Ijulu Kujulu Kwizeula Kwizeulu Mwizeulu Cuzula Cikoto Kolilimya Limiya Kukolilimya Kulimya Kutakundaana Tukila Kuzumina Intenda Ntenda Shindikila Sindikila Sindikila Cilimba Tolooka Tama Tamina Kunga Vwuba Kutala Tumbusya Fubaala Zyakucita Kagoyooyo Sanganya Lunga Yungizya Page 115

Adjective Phrase Interjection Interjection Interjection Marker Greeting Noun Number Number Number Number Number Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Verb Conjunction Adjective Preposition Adjective Adjective Preposition Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Locative Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb

Class Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 5 6 6 4 6 5 6 Na 3 3 5 1 5 14 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na 15 15 15 Na 15 5 5 Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8 12 Na Na Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Address Adherence Adjoining Adjust Admire Admire Admitted, to be Adore Adorn Adult Adultery Advise Advise Adz Adze Aerate Aeroplane Aeroplane Affair Affair Affair Affairs Affectionate Afflict After that Afterbirth Afternoon Afternoon Afternoon Afterwards Afterwards Aftrican medicine Again Again Age Aged Aggressive person Agree Agree Agree Agree Agreement Agricultural festival Agriculture Ah! Dear me! Ahead Ahead Aid Aids Aids Aids Aids Aids Aim at Air Alacrity Alas! Algae Alike Alive All All All of you All of you

English-Tonga Ambauzya Lukamantano Bambene Cesya Ebela Nyomenenwa Njila Fugamina Londola Mupati Bumambi Lailila Laya Mbezo Imbezo Limina Indeke Ndeke Inkani Kaamba Kaambo Makani Kutandana kapati Empa Ilyo Camacembele Kumazuba Mangolezya Masyikati Kusule Musule Misamuyacitonga Alimwi Kabiyo Cembaala Cembele Mukali Mvwana Pangana Vwumina Zumina Cizuminano Lwiindi Bulimi A Kumbele Kumpela Lugwasyo Ciyani Ciyuni Egesi Kajuba mazuba Nsikalileke Tondeka Muya Lubilo Accu kaka Nyanzabili Kozyanya Zumi Onse Oonse Noonse Nyoonse Page 116

Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Conjunction Noun Conjunction Conjunction Noun Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Interjection Adjective Preposition Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Interjection Noun Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun

Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 14 Na Na 5 9 Na 5 5 5 12 12 6 Na Na Na 7 15 6 6 Na Na 4 Na Na 7 Na 1 Na Na Na Na 7 11 14 Na Na Na 11 7 7 5 12 5 Na 3 11 Na 5 Na Na Na Na 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All right Alley cropping Allow Allude to Allude to Allusion Allusions Alone Alone Already Altar Alter Although Altogether Always Amaze Amaze Amend Amenorrhea Amenorrhea Amenorrhea Ammunition Amniotic sac Amputate Amuse Amuse Amuse oneself An edible beetle Anaemia Anaemia Analyse Ancestors (of mine) Ancestral spirit Ancestral spirit Ancient times And And And And then And then And then And what of...? And what of…? Anger Anger eachother Angry Animal Animal fur Animal skin Ankle Anklet Anklet Announce Announce a death Annoy Annoy Anoint Anoint oneself Another place Another time, in the future Answer Answer Answer Answer

English-Tonga Mbubo Kusyanga mumibundu Zumizya Sendelezya Zendekezya Masendelezya Masendelela Ice Likke Kale Cipayililo Sandula Nokuba kuti Antoomwe Lyoonse Gambya Kankamanizya Bambulula Kutakkala Kutaselela Kutatonda Inkulu Insuwa Gonka Kondelezya Sesya Senya Matiila Kuceya bulowa Kuzeya bulowa Sangaula Matata Mushimu Muzimu Insiku A Alimwi Lino Mane Mpoona Nkabela Ano? Ino…? Bukali Nyemezyanya Kali Munyama Boya Ikkutu Ingo Incoko Ininga Simwina Ema Cima Nyemya Nanika Nana Kumbi Akale Ingula Kumbula Sandula Tyaba Page 117

Interjection Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Adverb Noun Verb Conjunction Adverb Adverb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Interjection Question Noun Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na 15 Na Na Na 6 6 Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 15 5 5 Na Na Na Na 6 15 15 Na 6 1 1 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na Na 1 14 5 5 9 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I M Na Na

Answer Answer Answer rudely Answers Ant Ant bear Ant-bear Ante partum haemorrhage Anteater Anthill Anus Anus Any Any Any Any person Anyone Anything Anywhere Apart from Apologize Appear Appear Appear Appear from other side Appear in view Appear in view Appear on the horizon Appear suddenly Appearance Applaud Applaud Apply ointment Apply ointment to oneself Approach Approach April Argue Argue about Argue about whose turn it is Argue with Argumentativeness Arm Armpit Armpit Arms Army Arouse discontent in another Arouse pitty Arouse sexual passion Arrange Arrange a marriage Arrange a marriage for Arrange for Arrive Arrive Arrive along with Arrive at Arrive late Arrow As As if As if indeed As....

English-Tonga Vwiila Vwuwa Syolekela Bwiinguzi Cuulu Inenga Nalufwubafwuba Kuzwa bulowa namisyi Simunyeu Cuulu Kafwiti/Kavuli Nyo Kufumbwa Kufwumbwa Kufwumbwa Nali Uuli oonse Cili coonse Ali oonse Kunze Lilekelela Bonya Langika Yubuluka Gunukila Bbuka Pompa Inyamuka Bbuka Ciwa Kambila Voleba Naniba/Nanika Nana Swena Swena Mukubwe kaangala Kazyanya Balizyanya Balizyanya Kazyanya Inkazi Kuboko Inkwa Munkwa Maboko Inkondo Tenzya Etezya Empula Bamba Eba Ebela Bambila Shika Sika Sisyizya Sikila Muka Kata Mbuli Anga Otati Mbu Page 118

Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Adjective Adverb Noun Noun Noun Locative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction

Na Na Na 14 7 9 1 15 1 7 12 5 Na Na Na 1 1 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na 5 Na 3 Na Na Na Na 5 15 5 3 6 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ascend Ash Ashes Ashes Aside Ask Ask Ask Aspect Assemble Assemble (intransitive) Assemble (transitive) Assembly Assembly Assess Assist Assist Assistance Astound At At At At (place) At (time) At a break-neck pace At all At home At home At last At our house At the back At the market At the place behind At your house Atone for Attach to one who is bigger Attack Attack Attack as many Attempt Attendent of initiate Attitudes Attract Audience Audience does not forget Aunt Available Avocado Avoid Avoid Await Awaken Awaken (intransitive) Awaken (transitive) Awkward Awkward person Axe Axe Axe Axe Axe Axe Axle Baboon

English-Tonga Tanta Twe Twe Zibibi Ambali Buzya Komba Lomba Ciwa Vwoomeka Yoboloka Yobolola Lusangano Mbungano Langalanga Gwasya Jafwa Lugwasyo Kankamanizya Ku Kwa Mu Ku A Cakulijaya Amwaainda Kumunzi Kung'anda Lumwi Kuliswe/Kung'anda Musule Mumusika/Kumusika Antumba Kulinywe/kalindinywe Lungila Tapatila Saala Soka Zinga Sola Haakamwale Bukkale Kwela Mwaambilwa Mwaambilwa talubi Baama bamwi Janika Kkotapela Eeleba Eleba Lindila Sinsimuka Sinsimuka Sinsimuna Baya Mubaya Caankuni Cileba Kaankuni Kaleba Keembe Kembe Musumali Sokwe Page 119

Verb Noun Noun Noun Preposition Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Adverb Phrase Locative Locative Adverb Locative Preposition Noun Locative Locative Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Proverb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na 13 13 8 Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na 11 5 Na Na Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 Na 17 Na 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na 1 Na 2 Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 7 7 12 12 12 12 3 1

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Baby Bachelor Back Back of the body Back-bitting Backbone Bad Bad Bad Bad animal Bad luck Bad manners Bad medicine Baffle Bag Bag Bake Baking soda Balance on the head Baldness Ball Ball Bamboo Bananas Bangle Bank Bank Baobab tree Baobab tree Baptise Baptise Baptism Bar Bar Barbel fish Bark Bark Bark string Barren Barren (animal) Barren soil Barter Barter Bartholin's gland Basal body temperature Basin Basin for washing newborn Basket Basket Basket Bathe Bathing shelter Bathroom Be Be Be a burden for Be a eunuch Be a nuisance Be a nuisance Be a nuisance Be a spectator Be able Be absorbed in Be abundant

English-Tonga Muvwanda Nkungulume Inuma/Islile Musana Luvwiyu Moongola Bi Biibi Byabi Cinyama Lutaka Nkubula bulemu Cicelo Alila Bbeeke Inkomo Yoka Musika Tengenezya Impanza Bbola Ibbola Musumpo Mabanana Ininga Bbanga Bbanki Ibuzu Mubuyu Bbizya Papatisi Lubbizyo Bba Munkulu Mubondo Kuwa Makwa Loozi Nsundi Sundi Luundu Cincana Sintanta Tusinga tubamba namundelele Kukasaala kwamubili Bbeseni Nsambila Cinzuma Intuundu Mutaanga Samba Cisambilo Musambilwa/Kisambilo Ba Li Lemena Zibe Puta Sunda Sundila Ebelezya Konzya Gama Vwula Page 120

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

1 1 5 3 11 3 Na Na Na 7 11 5 7 Na 5 5 Na 3 Na 9 5 5 3 6 5 5 5 5 3 Na Na 11 5 3 3 Na 6 Na 5 Na 11 Na Na 13 15 5 5 7 5 3 Na 7 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na I Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Be accustomed to Be admirable Be admired Be advised Be afraid Be agitated Be ahead Be alike Be allowed Be amazed Be amazed Be amazed Be amazed Be amazed Be an adult from the womb Be angry Be angry Be angry with Be annoyed Be anxious Be astonished Be astonished Be astonished Be available Be bad Be bad Be badly torn Be beaten up Be bewitched Be big Be bitter Be black Be blind Be blunt Be boiling Be bored Be bored by termites Be born Be born Be broken Be broken (bones, etc) Be burnable Be busy Be busy Be buyable Be careful Be carvable Be castrated Be caught in vessel Be changed Be clean Be clever Be clever Be closed Be coming from Be completely defiled Be completely dirty Be completely full Be completely full Be completely thin Be confused Be cookable Be correct Be countable

English-Tonga Zibila Ebeka Bonekelwa Laililwa Yoowa Kopana Ba kumbele Kozyanya Zumizidwe Gamba Kankamana Kankamuka Talwa Zoowa Yalukila mwida Lemana Nyema Kalalila Cimwa Bilika Gamba Gambwa Kankamuka Janika Bia Bija Delukisya Uminwa Loogwa Komena Lula Shia Ofwaala Fumpya Bila Cimwa Bumbwa Zyalilwa Zyalwa Tyoka Syokoka Umpika Gwitingana Jisi bubi Ulika Cenjela Bezeka Zibwa Teelekede Sanduka/Sandululwa Salala Cenjela Panuka Jalide Zyila Sofweede Sofweede Kkutide Zulilila Kokede Pilingana Jikika Loma Balauka Page 121

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Be cramp for space Be crazy Be crooked Be crossable Be crowded Be crowded Be crushed together Be curable Be cut Be dangerous Be decided Be decieved Be deep Be defiled Be delayed Be delirious Be depressed Be destroyed Be determined Be different Be different from Be difficult Be difficult Be dirty Be dirty Be disappointed Be discouraged Be discrased Be dislodged Be displeased Be distrastful to Be distributed Be disturbed Be drinkable Be drowned Be drunk Be dry Be easy Be eaten Be educated Be eloquent Be emaciated Be embarrassed Be embarrassed Be empty Be enough Be even Be examined Be expensive Be fallen on by rain Be famous Be fed up Be few Be filled up Be filled with distate Be findable Be finished off Be first Be first Be fit for swimming Be foolish Be forbidden Be forgotten Be formed

English-Tonga Ata Sondoka Zyeenyama Endeka Ata Ata Syondana Silikika Kosoka Lumaana Kosoka Cengwa Bbilwa Sofwaala Ccelesegwa Labalika Ciswamoyo Nyonyooka Zyandamana Indana Zandauka Ala Syupa Sofwaala Sofwaala Tyompwa Lengaana Sampuka Kuka Sululwa Cima Vwozegwa Kopana Nywigwa Unkila mumulonga Kolwa Zuma Ubauba Ligwa Panuka/Iya Pasaula Kotede Gunwa Nyana Tajisi Vula Eelena Pimya Dula Ugwa Luulwa Cimwa Yangala Zwide Cimwa Janika Saala Sanguna Taanguna Yambika Ziima Tondwa Lubide Bambikana Page 122

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Be fragile Be free Be full Be full Be full Be full to the brim Be gathered up Be generous Be given Be glimpsed Be good Be greedy Be guessing Be half submerged Be happy Be happy Be hard Be hard Be heavy Be heavy for Be hoarse Be honest Be honest Be hot Be hot Be humble Be humble Be ill Be important Be impossible Be in commotion Be in drunken state Be in heat Be in pain Be in possession of Be in standing position Be in state of dirtiness Be in state of madness Be in state of sickness Be in state of understanding Be in the state of Be in unbalanced state Be inaccessable Be independent Be insufficient Be jealous Be kind Be lacking Be lame Be last Be last Be late Be late Be late Be laying eggs (hen) Be lazy Be leaking Be left behind Be left behind Be light Be like Be likely Be little Be lonely

English-Tonga Pwayika Liiba Kkuta Sula Zula Zulilila Yolwa Kwaaba Pegwa Yuna Bota Nyaana Zukazuka Tintimana Kkomana Tangala Syupa Zuma Lema Lemena Dedema Loma Lomenye Kasaala Pya Bomba Licesya Ciswa Lemenena Ala Pilingana Koledwe Santula Ciswa Vwubide Imvwi Sofweede Sondokede Ciswide Mvwide Bede Cengeme Ubilide Lilela Bulila Nyonokela Loma Bulila Sunkuta Elezya Syaalila Ccelwa Celwa Muka Kwekela Tolwaala Zwizya Ceede Siide Uba Kozyanya Kunga Ceya Lendelela Page 123

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na

Be long Be lopsided Be lost Be lost Be lost forever Be loyal Be lucky Be mad Be mad Be made easier Be many Be measured Be measured Be mixed together Be molten Be morose Be much Be much Be named Be named Be nauseated Be nauseated Be new Be not Be not easy to reach Be offered Be old Be opened Be overburdened Be paid Be painful Be painful Be patchable Be perplexed Be piercable Be pierced Be pierced Be pleased Be pleased Be poisoned Be poor Be poor Be possible Be possible to do Be pounded Be preferable Be prepared Be pressed Be pretty Be promiscuous Be pulled Be pure Be queer (traditional sense) Be questionable Be quiet Be quiet Be quiet Be quiet of heart Be ragged Be ready for cooking Be red Be red Be reduced Be removed as an obstacle

English-Tonga Lampa Zyeenyama Soweka Sweeka Lobela limwi Syomeka Widwa vwuma Gauka Sondoka Ubilwe ubilwe Vula Ela Pimwa Sangana Enenzunuka Ungumana Vula Vwula Tegwa Ulikwa Cimwa Vwundauka kumoyo Pya Ina Ubilila Pegwa Cembaala Sinkuka Minwa Vwola Cisa Cokoma Manika Zyingwa Tulukila Donkoka Tuluka Botelwa Kondwa Kolwa Cetaala Nyumanyuma Konzeka Konzuka Twigwa Bbonsyeka Libambile Tyankwatyankwa Bota Vwuula Kwelwa Salala Tuna Muzyika Umina Umuna Ungumana Obola Deluka Bizwa Salala Subila Tooka Sinkuka Page 124

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Proverb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Be revengeful Be rich Be ripe Be ripe (fruit) Be robbed of Be rotten Be sad Be safe Be said Be sarcastic Be satiated Be scattered Be seen Be seen Be self supporting Be selfish Be seperate Be seperated Be sharp Be short of Be sick Be sickly Be silent Be skin and bone Be skinnable Be sleepless Be sleepy Be slippery Be slow Be small Be snared Be soft Be soft Be soft Be sore Be sorry Be split Be split Be spoiled (person) Be stamped Be steadfast Be stiff Be stingy Be stolen Be stopped Be strange Be strippable Be strong Be struck by lightning Be stuffed Be stupid looking Be sunk in mud Be sure Be surprised Be surprised Be surprised Be surprised Be surprised Be surrounded Be sweet Be sweet Be sweet Be sweet smelling Be swolen

English-Tonga Bikkilila Vwuba Bizwa Pya Fwidwa Bola Usa Futuka Ambika Sempuzya Ikuta Tantaana Bonwa Bwene Siminide Unya Andaana Kobosegwa Bosya Bula Ciswa Ungana Umuna Kotede Fundika Onya kumaulu Fukula Tezemuka Kokobela Ceya Cegwa Bomba Teteeta Zukila Minwa Usa Anduka Tika Tiimana Twigwa Kalikana Minwa Mama Bbigwa Lesegwa Tuna Fundika Zuma Anda Dinkilwa Puuma Lobelwa Syomede Gamba Gambwa Kankamana Nyandwa Zoowa/Yoowa Zingulukide Ina Lweela Nona Nunkila Zimba Page 125

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na

Be taboo Be taken out Be taken possesion by Be talked about Be taught Be tempted Be tepid Be terminated Be tested Be thin Be thin Be thin Be thin Be thoughtful Be tired Be tireing Be tiring Be together Be too much Be too much for one Be torn Be torn Be torn Be troubled Be troubled Be troublesome Be turned over Be ugly Be ugly Be unable Be unbalanced Be unclean Be unclean Be uncooked (nsima) Be understandable Be unfortunate Be unsuitable Be unusual Be used to Be utterly & completely finished Be vaccinated Be very busy Be very good Be very happy Be very long Be visible Be visible Be walkable Be warm Be waterlogged Be weak Be wealthy Be weighted down Be welcomed Be well Be with Be without Be worked upon Be worried Be written Be wrong Bead Beads Beadwork

English-Tonga Tondwa Gwisigwa Bukilwa Luulwa Isigwa Sunkwa Zinzuka Zimaana Pimya Koka Kotela Nyana Pupungana Tungumana Katala Katasya Katazya Bambana Vwulisya Ala Deluka Yauka Zapuka Penga Penzegwa Katazya Vwundamuka Bija Didinkana Alila Cengama Bija Sofwaala Fuba Swiililika Bija Tuna Tuna Zibila Maninina Dokotwa Bbatilwa Botesya Tangala Lampisya Boneka Yutuka Endeka Kasaala Loba Teteeta Vwuba Lemedwe Tambulwa Pona Laa Bula Kutaukwa Penga Lembwa Pilingana Inungu Bulungu Bulungu Page 126

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 14 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bean stew Beans Bear Bear Bear a grudge against Bear children Beard Beard Beast Beat Beat Beat (carpet) Beat fast (heart) Beat normally (heart) Beat out rhythm with stick Beat upon Beat with a stick Beat with iron rod used in cooking Beating of a drum Because Because Beckon Become Become accustomed Become angry Become angry Become barren Become bent Become bent Become bent Become blind Become calm Become cool Become correct Become cowardly Become deformed Become detached Become dry Become emaciated Become erect Become faded Become famous Become fat Become flaccid Become hard Become large Become last Become mature Become narrow Become old Become old Become prosperous Become remiss Become septic Become short Become silent Become slightly faded Become soft Become stiff Become straight Become upset Become wet Become worn Bed

English-Tonga Musozya wanyabo Nyabo Cilezu Shala Bikilila Zyala Cilezu Malezu Cinyama Bbonta Uma Vunkumuna Bbwaluka Tweta Konkoozya Vwapula Lindula Umya lukwasyo Tinka Nkaambo Nkabela Obola Ba Zibila Bilila Kalala Bbuma Diimana Dukumana Ongomana Baya Sitikila Tontwede Lulama Kanduka Lemana Fumuka Yuma Fuluka Jilimana Bunda Duka Neneya Pusama Yuma Komena Caalizya Kula Fuundana Cembaala Sima Kupuka Lengaana Tumpa Fwiimpa Umuna Bunda-bunda Teta Ola Lulama Nyongana Teta Bunda Bulo Page 127

Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Conjunction Conjunction Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun

3 5 7 Na Na Na 5 6 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na I, m Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bed leg Bedroom Bedroom Beds (agriculture) Bee Bee Been, become Beer Beer Beer Beer at last stage of fermentation Beer drums Beer festival Beer for initated girl Beer given freely for tasting Beg Beg a trifle Beg for Beg for money Beget Beggar Begin Begin Begin Begin a hard journey Begin to brew beer Begin with Beginning Behaviour Behaviour change Behind Behind Behind Behind termite hill Belch Belief Believe Bell Bellow Bellows Belonging to Belongings Beloved Below Belt Bend Bend Bend a joint Bend down head Bend over Bend the body Beneath Benefits Beseach earnestly for Beseech Beside Bestiality Bet Betray Betray Better decisions Between near and far Beware Bewitch

English-Tonga Cisanda Kuzyuli Zyuli Mibundu Inzuki Nkuni Bede Bukoko Bwaalwa Funku Mantabe Bbulo/Dalamu Lwiindi Tukoko twantumba Nzwisa Kumbila Sunza Kombelela Linga Shala Sikulinga Kanka Sanguna Talika Limbamusaka Unza Talisya Makankilo Bukkale Kucinca bube Kunze Kusule Kusyule Kunze acuulu Bbya Muzumino Syoma Mulangu Boba Mavuba Okwa Impasya Yandika Kunselelo Lutambo Eta Kotama Tifuka Sintama Dingama Onga Kunsi Zijanwa mo Kombelezyezya Komba Kumbali Kukundana munyama Bejelana Bejelezya Lekelezya Muzeeso uluzi Kulaale Cenjela Lowa Page 128

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Locative Adjective Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Adjective Noun Verb Locative Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Noun Verb Verb Preposition Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Adjective Verb Verb

7 15 8 4 5 5 Na 14 14 5 6 5 11 13 5 Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 14 15 Na Na Na Na Na 3 Na 3 Na 6 Na 5 Na Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8 Na Na Na 15 Na Na Na 3 Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bicycle Bicycle Bicycle Bicycle chain Big Big Big Big black ants Big black cloud Big body Big door Big head Big juicy termite Big knife Big place Big toe Big voice Bile Bile Bilharzia Bilharzia Bilharzia Bind oneself to do Birch Bird Bird Birth plan Birth spacing Biscuit Bite Bitting brown ant Black Black ants Black cloud Black locust bird Black mamba Blackbird Blacksmith Bladder Bladder Blade Blanket Blanket Blanket Bleeding from the nose Blessing Blind person Blindness Blister Blister Blisters Blisters Block Block hole with sticks Blood Bloom Blouse Blow Blow Blow as wind Blow bubbles Blow ones nose Blow strongly Blow upon

English-Tonga Incinga Namutendele Ncinga Bunyololo Kando Nene Pati Insilibi Iyoba Ibbili Idyango Igutwe Itiila Ipanga Ibbaka Cala Mujwi Kalulio Mululwe Kansyuululu Kansyuunsyu Kusuba bulowa Libungula Muluso Muyani Muzuni Kulibambila kwakutumbuka Kutantaanya kuzyala Inkukisi Luma Siceenje Siya Munyeu Muyoba Tengwe Mulala Tengwe Mufwuzi Cisubilo Subilo Mbeli Ingubo Ipayi Likumbesa Munoka Coolwe Moofwu Boofwu Buya Itwizya Kutumpa Matwiza Sinkila Dinkila Bulowa Vulula Bbulauzi Fwula Inyindi Unga Covoola Mine Bbubbula Fulida Page 129

Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

9 5 5 14 Na Na Na 5 5 5 5 5 1 9 5 7 3 12 3 12 12 15 Na 3 1 1 15 15 5 Na 1 Na 1 3 1 1 1 1 7 Na 5 9 5 5 3 7 1 14 14 5 15 6 Na Na 14 Na 5 Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Blow upon Blue Blunt Boa constrictor Board Board Boast Boast Boast Boat Bodily fluids Body Body hair Body hair Boer Bog Boil Boil Boil Boiled maize Boiling Bond Bone Bone Bone Bone meal Bonus Booh! Boot Borassus palm Border Bore Bore (weevils) Bore a hole Bore-hole Borehole Borer Borrow Borrow Boss Boss Both of you Bottle Boundary Bow Bow Bow ones head Bow to Box Boy Boy Boy Boyhood Brachystegia flagristipulata Brag Braid Brains Brains Brainstorming Brake Bran Branch Branch Branche

English-Tonga Fwulida Makumbimakumbi Fumpya Mbooma Bboodi Tantila Dunda Sanka Twangila Bwato Meendeenda amumubili Mubili Boya Boza Mubbumu Itinti Bila Bizya Cuute Musozya Kubila Cizuminano Cifuwa Cifwuwa Ifwuwa Cakulya cazifuwa Mbasela Weelu! Ijombo Kamvuma Bambana Cima Sumpa Donkola Cikuju Bbooho Musunse Kolota Kweleta Cinondo Mupati Nyoonse nyobile Ibbodela Munyinzia Buta Kotama Sintama Kotamina Ibbokesi Mulombe Musankwa Mweembezi Busankwa Mubombo Dunda Luka Bongo Maanu Yeeya Ibbuleke Busenga Intabi Isunzu Mutabi Page 130

Verb Adjective Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Interjection Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na 1 5 Na Na Na Na 14 6 3 14 14 1 5 Na Na 7 3 15 7 7 7 5 7 5 Na 5 12 Na Na Na Na 7 5 1 Na Na 7 1 5 5 3 14 Na Na Na 5 1 1 1 14 3 Na Na 14 6 5 5 14 5 5 3

No No No No Yes No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Brave person Brazier Bread Break Break Break Break Break (rope) Break (rope) Break down Break from Break into Break off conversation Break off lump of nsima Break through bleeding Break up clods Break up clods Break wind Breast Breast Breast feed Breast milk Breath Breath Breath of life Breathe Breathe Brew Bribe Bribe Brick Bricks Bride Bride cooks first time for family Bride groom Bride wealth Bridegroom Bridge Bridge model Bring Bring Bring along Bring down with a hook Bring for Bring to Bring together Bring with Britches Brood Brood Broom Brother Brother in law Brush Brush teeth Bubble Bubble Bubble Buboes Bucket Bucket Bud Budding Budget

English-Tonga Sicamba Imbaula Cinkwa Bbansula Pwaika Pwaya Tyola Muntula Soka Mwaya Loboka Donkola Ganka Suna Kulosya bulowa Komoona Umputula Sula Inkolo Lukolo Nyonsya Mukupa wakunkolo Yeeka Yoya Muya Yeeka Yoya Kumba Cisinka mulomo Makulo Citina Zitima Nabwiinga Engelamusa Bwiinga Lubono Sibwiinga Ibbiliki Mukonzyanyo wabbiliki Eta Leta Etelela Moobole Letela Letela Swenya Letya Kaputula Kumba Mba Cikukuzyo Munyoko Mulamu Cumba Cumba meno Ibovu Kwasa Kwasila Mutoke Bekete/Nkeni Kapelo Kampakatwa Kununganya Bwaelesyi bwamali Page 131

Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun

1 9 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 Na Na Na 5 11 Na 3 Na Na 3 Na Na Na 7 3 7 8 1 Na 1 11 1 5 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 Na Na 7 1 1 Na Na 5 Na Na 3 5 12 12 Na 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Buds Buffalo Buffalo Build Build Build with Building materials Building pole Buisness company Bull Bullet Bully Bumps in the road Bundle Bundle Bundle of grass Bundles Burden Burden Burgeon Burn Burn Burn Burn Burn Burn Burn Burn Burn food Burn very much Burrow Burrow Burrow Burst Burst (intransitive) Bury Bury Bus Bush Bush Bush Bush Bush pig Bush rope Bushbaby Business Business Business person Bustle Busybody But But But But But But Butt Butterfly Buttermilk Buttocks Buttocks Buttocks Button Buy

English-Tonga Busonga Inyanti Munyati Yaka Zaka Yasya Injasyo Ciyako Kkampani Mucende Inkulu/Sumo Simatukatuka Magatagata Cileye Musunta Musunta Misunta Kupenzya Mukuti Syuuka Buya Ida Pya Tenta Umbu Umpa Yaka Zaka Silila Idizya Bulyango Bwina Fumba Bboloka Bbosyoka Zika Zikka Bbasi Cisuwo Citewu Ilundu Isokwe Sicipongo Loozi Caanga Busambazi Mpindu Simakwebo Kagulugulu Sibunjaka Anu Mpo Nekuba boobo Pele Pesi Sombi Dinka Inkoonkolekwa Mampamba Itako Litako Matako Kopela Ula Page 132

Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb

14 5 1 Na Na Na 5 7 5 1 5 1 6 7 3 3 4 15 3 Na 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 14 Na Na Na Na Na 5 7 7 5 5 1 Na 7 14 5 1 Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 6 5 5 6 Na Na

No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na

Buy for Buyer By thyself Cabbage Cabbage Cabinet Cackle Calabash Calabash Calabash Calabash cup Calendar Calf Calf of the leg Call Call Call dogs off Call together Can Can Can Candidiasis Candle Candy Canine tooth Cap Capsize Car Carbohydrates Carcase Card Care Care Care Care for Career Carefully Careless Careless animal Careless person Carelessness Carpentry Carpet Carrier Carrot Carry Carry Carry Carry Carry Carry for Carry for Carry for Carry in Carry on shoulders Carry on the back Carry on the head Carry on the head Carry to Carry together Cartridge Carve Carve Carving tool

English-Tonga Ulila Sikuula Olikke Kabici Kkabbicci Kkabbati Kankamuka Cinkuli Insuwa Munkuli Lufwulu Kkalenda Moombe Insafwu Ita Tamba Sosya Bungana Cigabba Inga Kkeni Kubaba amasina Inkandela Inkasaalo Isonganyama Inkwepesi Kunuka Mootokala Zyakulya zipa nguvu Mutunta Ikalata Bamba Kulanga Popa Bambila Mulimo Kabotu-kabotu Baya Cibaya Mubaya Buyamba Kufwala mapulanga Cisasa Simusempula Kkaloti Bbala Bweza Leta Tola Yumuna Letela Tolela Yumwida Yumwida Yumuna/Aciwezo Bbala Pilika/Itwika Tengenezya Letela Tembala Musyonga Besa Beza Cakufwala Page 133

Verb Noun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Auxiliary verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Adverb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun

Na 1 Na 5 5 5 Na 7 5 3 11 5 1 5 Na Na Na Na 7 Na 5 15 5 5 5 5 Na 5 8 3 5 Na 15 Na Na 3 Na Na Na 1 14 15 7 1 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 Na Na 7

No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na

Case Case Cash Cash crops Cassava Cast Castrate Cat Cat Cat Catapult Catch Catch a glimpse Catch fish Catch fish Catch in flight Catch in the act Catch into Catch with both hands Caterpillar Caterpillars Catholic sacrament Cattle hearder Cattle kraal Cause a commotion Cause someone to keep for you Cause to be reduced Cause to be sad Cause to bring Cause to build Cause to buy Cause to concieve Cause to cook Cause to cultivate Cause to cut Cause to descend Cause to drink Cause to drive, drive with Cause to enter for Cause to fall Cause to fall Cause to fall for Cause to fear Cause to finish drinking Cause to hear Cause to hold Cause to hurry Cause to kill Cause to migrate Cause to move Cause to move residence Cause to put on head Cause to return Cause to rot Cause to shout Cause to smoke Cause to stand Cause to stop Cause to stop Cause to stumble Cause to tie, tie with Causing to sit immodestly Caution Cave

English-Tonga Kaambo Mulandu Mali Cisyango campindu Mwanja Waala Ziba Kaaze Mangoye Mwanamanga Malekani Jata Zwezya Loba Zuba Kwaba Bbaatikizya Jatilila Tumbatila Mazembe Mauka Sakalamenti Sing'ombe Ciba Nyongana Yobozya Toosya Usya Letya Yasya Ulisya Misya Jisya Limya Tenzya Selusya Nywisya Binzya Njizizya Losya Wisya Losezya Yoosya Dilisya Mvwisya Jatya Binzya Jazya Lonzya Lonzya Pozya Twikka Pilusya Bozya Yobya Fwebya Imika Imika Lesya Nontozya Anzya Kkazika bulwazi Layilila Impangala Page 134

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun

12 1 6 7 3 Na Na 12 6 1 6 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 6 5 1 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 8, 10 Na Na 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na

Cease Celebrate Celebrate evening before event Celebrate the praises of Cement Center Centipede Centre pole Centre pole Centre support of hut Ceremony Certainly Cervical mucus Cervix Chaff Chain Chain Chair Chair Chairman Chalice Chalk Chameleon Chancroids Change Change Change Chapel Character Charcoal Charcoal Charcoal embers Chase Chase away Chat Chat Chat Cheap Cheat Cheat Check Check Cheek Cheek Cheetah Chest Chest Chew Chicken Chicken Chicken pox Chief Chief (polite or plural) Chiefdom Child Child mortality Child spacing Child's play hut Childhood Childish tantrums Chin Chlamydia Chlorination Chlorine

English-Tonga Leka Sekelela Linda Tembaula Sementi Akati Ijongolo Musemu Musemwo Musemu Impimbiziko Malaa Meendeenda aabukaintu Kaama Bungu Inketani Nketani Cuuna Cuuno Sicuuno Kanywido Nchoko Naluntaambwe Kusuba tutaka Cinca Sandula Tinta Cikombelo Cimo Malasha Masizi Masizi Tanda Tanda Izya Kanana Yooma Tadula Cenga Sikuunina Pima Zulazula Isaya Syaya Malama Camba Kaango Tafwuna Inkuku Nkuku Hamaidoombe Mwami Bamwami Bwami Mwana Kufwa kwabana Kutantaanya luzyalo Mantoombwa Bwana Macece Cilezu Kuzwa bulowa abusina Kubikka kulolini Kulolini Page 135

Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Locative Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na 5 Na 5 3 3 3 9 Na 6 12 14 5 5 7 7 1 12 5 1 15 Na Na Na 7 7 6 6 6 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na 5 5 1 7 12 Na 5 5 5 1 2 14 1 15 15 6 14 6 7 15 15 15

No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Choice Choose Choose future wife Chop Chop (of meat) Chop up Chose Christen Chunk Church Church assembly Church collection Church collection Cicada Cigarette Circle of grass Circumcision Citizen Clamour Clan Clan Clans person on mothers side Clansman (of ours) Clap Clap for rain Clap hands Clap with cupped hands Clap with respect Class Clay Clay pot for beer post initiation Clean Clean Clean Clean person Cleanse Clear an obstruction Clear ones throat Clear the fields of growths Clenched fist Clever man Clever person Clever person Cliff Climate Climate Climb Climb Clinic Clinic worker Clinician Clitoris Clitoris Clitoris Clock Close Close Close mouth Close the eyes Closed fist Cloth Cloth Clothing Clothing

English-Tonga Kusala Sala Syaba Gonka Cituli Sambaula Sala Ulika Cituli Cikombelo Lusangano Mulumbo Mulumbu Inyenzi Musanga Musyini Kugonkololwa Sicisi Yobu Mukowa Sukowa Simukowa Mukwesu Kamba Kamba mvwula Kamba Vwobela Vwobela Kkilasi Bulongo Nongo yavwunuvwunu Salazya Sanzya Tuba Mulondo Salazya Sinkulula Toyola Gongaula Inyindi Impana Mupanusi Musongo Ijeleele Bube Luwo Liza Tanta Cibbadela Mubelesi wacibbadela Musilisi muniini Kakongo Kaninka Keembe Kkoloko Fwaafwi Jala Muma Funya Cituku Cisani Mulembo Cisani Shakusama Page 136

Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

15 Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na 7 7 11 3 3 5 3 3 15 1 Na 3 1 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na 5 14 9, 10 Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na 5 5 1 1 5 14 11 Na Na 7 1 1 12 12 12 5 Na Na Na Na 7 7 3 7 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m

Clothing Clouds Club Club Cluster of rocks Clutch at Coals Coarse flour Coarse meal siftings Coat Coax Coax Coax Cob Cobra Cock (rooster) Cock (rooster) Coconut Coffin Coil (cloth, fibre, etc) Coil around Coin Cold Cold Cold Cold (disease) Cold (disease) Cold season Cold season Cold season Cold season Collapse Collapse Collect Collect Collect as water Collect firewood Collect in pools (intransitive) Collect in pools (transitive) Collect tax Colostrum Colostrum Colour Colour Colours Comb Come Come Come Come Come Come Come back Come back Come for a reason Come from Come from Come from Come in! Come off (skin) Come out Come out from Come out from Come pouring out

English-Tonga Zyakusana Makumbi Inkoli Kabungwe Mpongala Jatauka Masimbi Maando Busenga Cibaki Ongelezya Ongolezya Songelezya Musuku Inkombola Mukombwe Muzingini Vwuma Bbokesi Inkata Zingayila Idi Impeyo Mpeyo Tontola Isyini Syini Impeyo Mapeyo Mupeyo Mweto Dilika Kolomoka Kunga Yobolola Teleka Tebba Telekela Telekezya Telesya Cinsema Mansema Mubala Musyobo Mabala Inkamu Boola Isa Iza Koza Ziza Zya Piluka Pinguluka Londa Swa Zwa Zyila Pakati Puzauka Kuka Vwa Zwa Doomoka Page 137

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Adjective Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Interjection Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

8 6 5 12 5 Na 6 6 14 7 Na Na Na 3 5 1 1 5 5 5 Na 5 Na Na Na 5 5 9 6 3 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 6 3 1 6 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na I Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na

Come to an end Come to know Command Command Commence a journey Commit adultery Commit adultery Commit adultery Commit witch-craft Communication Community Community Community action Community mapping Compact Comparable Compare Compare Compare eachother Comparison Compassion Compete Compete Compete Compete with Complain Complain Complain Complete Complete Completely dry up Completely protect Completely surpass Complications Comply Comply Comply Compose Compost Compost Composting Compress Conceive Concentrate on Conception Concubine Condom Condom use Confession (catholic) Confidentiality Confuse Confuse Confuse Congenital syphilis Connote Conquer Consent Consent Consent Conservation Conservation Consider Consolation Constantly see

English-Tonga Mana Zyiba Labila Mulazyo Pyalweendo Lalika Njilila Tanga Lowa Kukwabana Minzi Munzi Mulimo wamumunzi Kuzyiba munzi Sindaila Elene Elana Ezya Ezyanya Mweezya Luzyalo Enzyanya Indana Zundana Zundana Syolooka Tamauka Tongooka Mana Simpide Zuminina Vuninina Indide Buyumuyumu Teela Teelela Tobela Anza Mbolezi Muzuka Kupanga munzuka Dyaminina Mita Sukama Kumita Mumambi Mupila Kubelesya mupila Cipubuko Maseseke Inganya Kopenganya Nyonganya Kuzyalwa azilonda Zendekezya Zunda Sumina Vwumina Zumina Kubamba Kuyobola Telaika Luumuzyo Ebelela Page 138

Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb

Na Na Na 3 Na Na Na Na Na 15 4 3 3 15 Na Na Na Na Na 3 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na Na Na Na 5 3 15 Na Na Na 15 1 3 15 7 6 Na Na Na 15 Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 Na 11 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na Na Na Na Na Na

Container Container for carrying luggage Container for milking Container for ochre Container for ritual beer Contaminated blood Contamination Contemporary Contempt Continue Continuous rain Contort Contour planting Contour ridge Contraception Contraceptive Contradict Conundrum Converse Converse Converse Convulse Cook Cook Cook Cook Cook (person) Cook with Cooked fresh maize with milk Cooked whole maize grains Cooking oil Cool Cool Cool and peaceful place Cool off (ones anger) Cooperation Coping Coping Coppicing Copulate Corn cob Corn grounds Corner Corner Corpse Corpse Corral Correct Corridor cattle disease Corrugated iron Corrugation Cotton Cotton thread Cough Cough Counselling Count Counterpart Counterparts Country Court Court Court clerk Courtyard

English-Tonga Gumbuli Ciyumwida Mulewu Nsazi Cipiilo Bulowa bujisi tuzunda Kuyambukilwa Musela Lunyansyo Tobelela Muyobo Ning'ina Kusyanga mumibundu Mugelo Cilesya kumita Kutamita Kazya Kalabi Ambaula Ambuula Bandika Kusuntuka Ika Jika Teleka Tenta Mujisi Jisya Ntoonko Mangamwe Saladi Ola Tontozya Mutontolo Tontomona Kugwasyanya Kuzibila Kuzyibila Kusyuuka Limba Mankosi Maseke Kaswi Moongololo Kasaka Mutumba Ciba Bambulula Denkete Isenke Magatagata Buluba Bunweba Kkolokolo Kola Kuyumyayumya Bala Wakubeleka anduwe Bagwasyilizi Cisi Eba Inkuta Mabbalani Lubuwa Page 139

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun

5 7 3 9, 10 7 14 15 1 11 Na 3 Na 15 3 7 15 Na 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na 5 6 5 Na Na 3 Na 15 15 15 15 Na 6 6 12 3 12 1 7 Na 5 5 6 14 14 5 Na 15 Na 6 2 7 Na 5 1 11

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na I Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Cousin Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover with earth Cow Cow Cow Cow calving for 1st time Cow slaughtered during funeral Cow slaughtered during initiation Coward Coward Coward Coward Coward Cowardly Cowrie shell Crab Crack in a newly plastered wall Crack joints Crack joints Cradle baby Cramp Crawl Crawl Create Create Credit Creep along Crest Crested crane Crevice Cricket Crime Criticise Crocodile Crocodile Crop Crop eaten before harvest Crop residue Crop rotation Crop up Cropping Crops Crops Cross Cross Cross Cross Cross Cross (religion) Cross a river Cross a river Cross a river Cross each other Cross over Cross over Cross over

English-Tonga Mweenima Civunisya Civwunisyo Limba Vumba Vunika Vwikkila Vwumba Vwunika Vwikila Impwizi Ing'ombe Ng'ombe Ng'ombe nsomona Ng/ombe zyamasuntu Ng'ombe Kandu Moa Moowa Mukandu Mumya Kandu Impande Inkala Lwaanzi Tonga Tonzya Umbulizya Cinywe Kalaba Yavula Lenga Panga Cikwelete Kakaila Ingala Nakaala Impako Munkwanza Mulandu Nonga Ciwena Intale Cisyango Mulide Makwisyilili Kucinca-cinca kwa zisyango Vumbuka Katebula Zilyo Zisyango Ciingano Impana Impanda Kosola Zabuka Impanda Landuka Subuka Zabuka Ingana Kosola Landuka Sotoka Page 140

Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

1 7 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 9 9 9 9, 10 9, 10 9, 10 12 1 1 1 1 Na 5 5 11 Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na 7 Na 5 1 9 3 3 Na 7 5 7 3 6 15 Na 12 8 8 7 Na 5 Na Na 9 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na

Cross over (river, etc) Cross, cross over Crossing place Crouch Crowbar Crowd Crowd Crowd Crowd around Crowd of people Crown Cruel Cruelty Crumble Crumbs Crush Crush Crush Crush with Cry Cry for Cry out Cry out Cry out for mercy Cucumber Cucumber Cultivate Cultivate Cultivate Cultivate for Cultivator Cup Cup Cup Curds Cure Cure Cure Curiosity Curse Curse Curse Custom Custom Custom Custome where bride runs home Customs Cut Cut Cut Cut Cut (flesh) Cut down completely Cut down for Cut down trees Cut down trees Cut firewood Cut firewood Cut for Cut grass Cut hair Cut into pieces Cut into small pieces Cut off

English-Tonga Zubuka Vwubuka Cizubukilo Dunta Mungwala Buleya Imbunga Impumba Ubila Mpumbi Musyini Kali Lunyete Kolomoka Bunkumu-nkumu Minya Pwaya Syonda Pwazya Lila Lilila Ompolola Onzomoka Ongolola Ikkowa Ikowa Kolobeka Kuzya Lima Limina Inkolobeki Kanywido Nkapu Nkomeki Mabisi Ponya Sengula Silika Lwanolwano Gonka Lwezya Singa Cilengwu Cilezowa Ciyanza Masansa Tunsiyansiya Gonka Kosola Nenga Tenda Nenga Temenena Temena Gonka Tema Teba Tebba Kosweeda Jwa Gela Tendaula Sabaula Gonkolola Page 141

Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Adjective Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na 7 Na 3 14 5 5 Na 5 3 Na 11 Na 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Nn 5 5 Na Na Na Na 5 12 5 5 6 Na Na Na 11 Na Na Na 7 7 7 6 13 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Cut short Cut up Cut with Cut with knife Cutlery and dishes Cuttings Cycle Daily Damage Dambo Damp Dampness Dance Dance Dance Dance Dance Dance with rapid steps Dancer Dancing Dandy Danger Dapaca kirkiana tree Dark Dark blue Dark complexion Dark green Darkish Darkness Darkness Darkness Date Daub Daughter in law Dawn Dawn Dawn Dawn Day Day Day Day Day Day after tomorrow Day after tomorrow Day before beer is ready Day before yesterday Day before yesterday Dazzle De-robe Dead body Dead person Dead person Deaf Deaf person Deaf person Dear Dear Death Debt Debt Debt Decay Deceive

English-Tonga Juba Kosaula Tenzya Tenda Ntumba Milibo Ccovwa Buzuba abuzuba Bisya Musena Tete Mudumu Ca Cizyano Kuzyana Shana Zyana Dabana Sikuzyana Kuzyana Mupaale Ntenda Musuku Siya Siyasiya Balasiya Siyasiya Siyasiya Busiku Mudima Musinze Mwezi Mata Bakamwali/Imusangalazi Bucedo Bwacha Ca Kwacha Bushiku Busiku Buzuba Izuba Zuba Izono Izoona Mantabe Izono Izoona Towa Samununa Mutunta Mufu Mufwu Tamvwa Caulutwi Cuulutwi Dula Yandika Lufwu Ciindi cakusaanguna Cikwelete Kutalika Bola Cenga Page 142

Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Adverb Verb Noun Adjective Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na 9 4 Na Na Na 3 Na 3 Na 7 15 Na Na Na 1 15 1 5 3 Na Na 2 Na Na 14 3 3 3 Na 2 14 14 Na 15 14 14 14 5 5 5 5 6 5 5 Na Na 3 1 1 Na 1 7 Na Na 11 7 7 15 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Deceive Deceive Deceive Deceive December Decentralization Deception Decide Decompose Decomposition Decrease Decrease (swelling) Deed Deep Deep Defeat Defeat Defect Defence Defence Defend Deforestation Dehydrate Dehydration Delay Delay a person Deliberately Deliver Deliver Deliver a child Delivery Delivery Demand Demolish Demolish Demonstration Demonstration Depart Deposit Deposit of mud left by water Depression Deprive Deprive Deprive Descend Descend Desert Desert Deserted village Desk Despair of Despise Despise Despise Despise Destroy Destroy Destroy Destroy Destroy Destroy Detach Detain Determine

English-Tonga Epula Onga Unina Upaika Nalupale Kwaabanya Luuni Kosola Tunta Bola Kuceya Zimbuluka Mucito Lamfu Lamfwu Aalila Koma Kapa Kkwabilila Kukwabilila Vwuna Kungonka masamu Yuminina Kumaninwa maanzi mumubili Musya Ccelesya Caali Futula Futusya Tumbusya Kutumbuka Kuzyala Sesa Koola Mwaya Kutondezyo kwiinda mukucita Tondezya Unka Tula Cityobilwa Kaungu Buzya Nyanga Nyaya Selemuka Seluka Cimpayana Lekelezya Matongo Desiki Syomonona Nyansya Sampaula Sebaanya Ubula Mwaya Nyonaula Nyonyauna Nyonyoona Onaula Zonaula Fumuna Kalika Zumizya Page 143

Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Adverb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na 5 15 11 Na Na Na Na Na 3 Na Na Na Na 12 15 15 Na 15 Na 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 Na Na Na 15 5 Na Na 7 12 Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na 6 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na I Na Na Na

Develop Develop Development Development Dew Dewlap of cow Diagnosis Dialogue Diaphragm Diarrhoea Dice Die Die Die Die for Die to Die utterly Diesel Differ Different Different Different Different Different kinds Different times Difficult Difficult Difficulties Difficulties Dig Dig Digestion Diligent Dilute Diminutive Dip cattle Dip food into relish Dip lump of nsima into relish Direct Direct and clear Dirt Dirt Dirt Dirty Disappear Disappear Disappear from view Disappoint Discard Disclosing Discover Discriminate Discrimination Discuss Discuss Diseae affecting children Disease Disease Disease Disembark Dish Dislodge Disparage Disperse

English-Tonga Sumpuka Sumpula Lusumbuko Lusumpuko Mume Ibbozu Kupima Mubandi Katiti Kusomoona Nkakata Fwa Tontwede Zimina Fwida Fwida Fwidilila Mungwimba Impana Andene-andene Impenye Insini Mbi Misyobomisyobo Nsininsini Shupa Yumu Buyumayuma Buyumuyumu Fumba Sya Kugaya mumubili Nkutwe Ubya Nkaanga Dibba Sunsa Sunsa Kutainda mumbali Cigamina Itombe Kankwisyi Tombe Atombe Bbilila Nuunuka Zeta Tyompya Sowa Kuyumbulula Jene Salulula Lusaluluzi Bandika Kanana Masoto Bulwazi Iwazi Malwazi Seluka Mutiba Kula Sebaanya Mwaika Page 144

Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Adjective Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb

Na Na 11 11 3 5 15 3 12 15 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 Na Na Na Na Na 4 10 Na Na 14 14 Na Na 15 Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na 5 12 13 Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 Na Na 11 Na Na 6 14 5 6 Na 3 Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Disperse Dispose Disrespect Dissagreement Dissemble Dissuade Distance Distress Distribute District Disturb another persons property Disturb coals Disturbance Disturbed Ditch Diversification Diversity Divide Divine Diviner Divining tool Divorced person Dizziness Do Do by turns Do first Do for oneself Do in excess Do perfectly Do properly Do something that breaks taboo Do well Do wrong Doctor Dog Domestic animal Dominate Donkey Donkey Dont be Door Door Door Door Door Doorway Doubt Dove Down Doze Drama Draw Draw for someone Draw water Dream Dream Dregs Dress Dress Dress pants Dress shirt Dress shirt Dried Drill (soldiers)

English-Tonga Sangaula Mwayika Lunyansyo Nzwangana Upaupa ameso Kasya Musinzo Mapenzi Abila Lubaza Kusundila Fwukuma Bunjaka Cunda cunda Mulindi Kulima zisyango zyaandeene Kwiimpana Abila Sonda Mung'anga Cisonyo Nabutema Cizungulu boombe Cita Balana Soka Licitila Indilizya Setekanya Londola Lomona Londola Bija Musilisi Munkala Civubwa Indide Imbongolo Mbongolo Utani Cijazyo Citendele Ikkoma Likoma Mulyango Mulyango Dooneka Inziba Kunselelo Fukula Zisobano Kwela Tekela Teka Ciloto Lota Busiwa Dulesi Sama Bulukwe Cibaki Shati Njumu Foola Page 145

Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Phrase Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Locative Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb

Na Na 11 5 Na Na 3 6 Na 11 Na Na 14 Na 3 15 15 Na Na 1 7 1 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 7 Na 9 1 Na 7 7 5 5 3 3 Na 5 Na Na 8 Na Na Na 7 Na 14 5 Na 14 7 5 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No Yes No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Drill a hole Drilling machine Drink Drink Drink Drink beer Drink for Drink from Drink to Drinking bowl Drinking gourd Drinking vessel Drive Drive animals Drive around Drive away Drive away Drive cattle Drive cattle Driver Driver Driving stick Drizzle Drop Drop Drought Drought Drought Drown Drum Drum barrel Drum for beer Drunkard Dry Dry Dry Dry Dry days Dry season Dry something Dry up completely Drying Duck Duiker Dumb Dumb person Dung During hottest part of the year Dust Dust Dysmenorrhea Dysuria Each Each dances to the drum they know Eagle Ear Early in morning Early marriages Early maturing maize seed Early maturing maize seed Early rainy season Earnings Earth Earth

English-Tonga Donkola Malibbolela Lulumwina Nwa Nywa Senga Nywida Nywida Nywida Imbede Kafwula Cinywido Ecizya Binga Enzeenzya Lubulula Tanda Binga Cayila Namutekenya Sikweenzya Cibinzyo Nyunyanyunya Idosi Loka Cilala Ciyumayuma Idanga Nyika Ingoma Ibbulo Idolomu Sikukolwa Yandika Yumu Yumya Zumu Kuyuma yuma Cilimo Ampa Yuminina Kuyanika Idada Nakasya Taamba Syaataambi Bufumba Kumwaka Kasuko Kunkumuna Kuciswa mwida Kunvwa kuciswa ciindi nosuba Omweomwe Aumwi ngoma njazyi njazyana Lubanze Kutwi Mafwumina Kufwaambana kukwatwa Kafwambu Kampelya Musemuna Masikkiya Bulongo Insi Page 146

Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Adjective Verb Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Adverb Noun Verb Noun Noun Adjective Proverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na 6 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 12 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 5 7 Na 5 Na 7 7 5 Na 9 5 5 1 Na Na Na Na 15 7 Na Na 15 5 5 Na 1 14 Na 12 Na 15 15 Na Na 11 15 6 15 12 12 3 6 14 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Earthen pot East Easy Easy to break Easy to cook Easy to roast Eat Eat at Eat for Eat from Eat little of Eat quickly Eat relish Eat the evening meal Eat without relish Eat without relish Eating Eavesdrop Eclampsia Ecology Ectopic pregnancy Eczema Edge Edible wild fruit Educate Education Effective Egg Egg Egg on Egg yoke Eggs Egret Eight Ejaculation Ejaculation Elaborate Eland Elbow Elder brother Elderly man Elect Electricity Elephant Elephant Elephant Elephantiasis Elope together Elope with Elsewhere Emaciated person Embarassment Embarrass Embellish Embers Embers Embrace Embrace Embrace Embryo Emergency oral contraceptive Employ Employ Employ

English-Tonga Nongo Kujwe Tete Pwayika Jikika Yokeka Lya Lida Lida Lida Tomoona Lyaalyaa Lisya Lalila Buya Buza Kulya Pembeka Kugaanyana akutumbuka Kwiiya azya busena Kumitila mukasolo Cikwankwa Moombe Itobo Iisya Lwiiyo Kusikilizya Ii Iji Saalizya Mungunga waji Mai Lukobo Lusele Kusuba Kuzaila Pandulula Musefwu Kakokola Mupati Mwaalu Sala Magesi Inzovu Muzovvwu Nzovwu Jindi Tizyanya Tizya Kumbi Muyokesi Nsoni Gunya Bosya Insizi Kasisi Fumbata Kumbata Opa Nseke Musamu ukasya kumita Njizya Oneka Sebenzya Page 147

Noun Noun Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Number Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Conjunction Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb

9, 10 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 Na 15 15 15 7 3 5 Na 11 Na 5 5 Na 3 6 11 Na 15 15 Na 3 12 1 1 Na 6 5 1 5 5 Na Na Na 1 9, 10 Na Na 5 12 Na Na Na 7 3 Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Na No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Empowerment Empowerment Encourage Encourage End End (intransitive) End (transitive) Endure Enemy Energy Engagement English Englishman Enjoy Enter Enter for Entertain Entrails Entrust oneself to Environment Epidemic Epidemic Epiglottis Epilepsy Equal Equal Equality Equalize Equipment Erase Eraser Erode Erosion Err Error Escape Escort Establish companionship Establish friendship Eunuch European European language Evade the issue Evaluate Evaluation Evening Evening meal Everyone Everything Everywhere Evil Evil spirit of the dead Exactly Exactly as Examination Examine Example Exceedingly Exceedingly Exchange Exchange greetings Excite Excrement Excrete

English-Tonga Kupa ng'uzu Kupa nguzu Kulwaizya Yumyayumya Zimaana Jimpa Jinsya Zumanaana Sinkondo Nguvu Cisyano Chikuwa Mungisi Kkomana Njila Njilila Kondelezya Mala Kombelesya Busena Kalowalo Kalwalo Kameneno Kasuntu Elene Kweelana Kweelena Elanya Zibelesyo Zima Cizimyo Kokolola Kukokololwa bwabusani Lubizya Kulubizya Loboka Sindikila Tangede Tangana Muzibe Mukuwa Chikuwa Zelenganya Kumona mulimo mbowenda Kupima Mangolezya/Masiku Cilalo Boonse Zyoonse Koonse-koonse Bubi Ceelo Gati Mbobonyambuli Musunko Pima Cikozyanyo Cinicini Loko Sinta Anzyanya Yintizya Tubi Ambuka Page 148

Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Interjection Conjunction Noun Verb Noun Adverb Adverb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb

15 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 5 7 7 1 Na Na Na Na 6 Na 14 12 12 12 12 Na Na 15 Na 8 Na 7 Na 15 Na 15 Na Na Na Na Na 1 7 Na Na 15 6 7 2 8 Na 14 7 Na Na 3 Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na 13 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Excrete Excrete upon Excuse Excuse oneself Excuse oneself Exhale Expect Expel watter from mouth ritually Expeller of water ritually Experiment Explain Explain Explain to Extension officer Extinguish Extra Extracate Extract Extract Extract honey from bee hive Extravigent giving Eye Eyelash Eyelash Eyelid Eyewitness Face Face Fade completely Faeces Fail to reach Faint Faint Faint Faith Faithful Faithfulness Fall Fall (fruit) Fall down Fall down upon Fall from a tree Fall head over heals Fall in Fall off Fall off Fall on Fall on the forest Fall out (teeth) Fall upon Falling flat on the ground Fallopian tubes Fallow cropping False pride Fame Family Family Family planning Family planning Far Far away Farm Farm Farm diligently

English-Tonga Nia Ambukila Jatila Tamaukila Taminizya Gusyamuya Syoma Piilla Sikupiila Sundauka Pandulula Zubulula Pandulwida Sibulimi Zima Mbasela Zubula Gwisya Zwisya Lida Bwaapubwaapu Linso Cikoye Inkoye Cikoyo Kamboni Busyu Kumeso Buluka Maambukwa Lela Netuka Wezuka Wisuka Muzumino Syomeka Kusyomeka Wa Mbwela Loka Limba Kulumbuka Bindamuka Wida Batauka Kunkumuka Wida Limbamusaka Kuka Tombawida Muzinga Nsinga zyaluzyalo Koneka muunda Kulibeja Impuwo Ciinga Mukwasyi Kuba abana aciindi ceelede Kubaabana aciindi ceelede Kulaale Kule Lima Mpulazi Limisya Page 149

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Adverb Verb Noun Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na 1 Na 5 Na Na Na Na 14 5 7 5 7 12 14 15 Na 6 Na Na Na Na 3 Na 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 5 5 15 5 7 3 15 15 Na Na Na 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na

Farmer Farming Farming Farthing Fast Fat Fat Fat Fat Fat (specifically the body) Father Father Father (of him/her) Father (of mine) Father (of yours) Father in law Fats Faulsely accuse Fault Fear Fear Fear Fear Feast Feast Feather Feed Feed a stranger Feed till satiated Feedback Feeding Feel Feel badly in need of Feel disgust Feel lonely Feel nausea Feel pity Feel remorse Feel shame Feel stomach pain Feel sympathy Feign Feign death Fell for Fell trees Fellow initiate (of mine) Fellow singers Fellowship Female Female Female Fence Fence Fermented corn Ferry across Ferry across (river, etc) Ferry over Fertalizer Fertile soil Fertility Fertilization Fertilizer Fertilizer Festival for first fruits

English-Tonga Mulimi Bulimi Kulima Kali Fwaamba Mafuta Mafwuta Nene Pati Balinenede Bata Bataata Usyi Taata Uso Batatazyala Mafuta Tamikizya Mulandu Boowa Tia Tija Yoowa Ipobwe Pobwe Ipepe Sanina Somba Kusya Ambila Kusanina Mvwa Yuminwa Sesemwa Leendelelwa Sesemwa Etezya Senda Usya Myonga Etezegwa Upaupa ameso Fwisyafwisya Temena Tema Musaama Baimbinyina Ciyanze Muzyazi/Mukaintu Pwizi Zyazi Lubaya Lukwakwa Munkoyo Zabusya Zabusya Landusya Camutunzya Mavwu mabotu Luzyalo Kuswangana kwamaji Mafetaliza Musamu Lwiindi Page 150

Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 14 15 12 Na 6 6 Na Na Na 2 2 1 1 1 2 6 Na 3 Na Na Na Na 5 5 9 Na Na Na Na 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 2 7 1 Na Na 11 11 3 Na Na Na 7 6 11 15 6 3 11

No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Festival for harvest Festival for planting Fetch Fetch Fetch back Fibre Fidelity Field Field Field Fierce Fierceness Fig Fig Fig tree Fig tree Fight Fight Fight Fight for Figure out File Fill Fill Fill Fill Fill in Fill in Fill up Filtering Filth Finally Find Find Fine mesh Finger Finger Finger millet Fingernail Finish Finish Finish for Finish off Finish off a person Finish off completely Finish work Fire Fire a shot Fire stone Fireflies Fireplace Firewood Firewood Firewood First First First First First born First milk after calfing First rains First wife Firstly Fish

English-Tonga Lwiindi Lwiindi Londa Teka Jola Loozi Kusyomeka Isokwe Muunda Muundu Kali Bukali Inkuyu Inkuzu Mukuyu Mukuzu Lwa Lwana Lwana Lwida Jana muzeezo Swayila Vuzya Vwuzya Zusya Zuzya Shilulula Vwikkila Zula Kuminununa Itombe Limwi Jana Yana Kasina Kanwe Munwe Mabele Lwala Mana Zimina Manina Manizya Saulula Manide Kotoka Mulilo Fusa Suwa Muni Cikko Inkuni Lukuni Nkuni Ansyini Kusaanguna Kutaanguna Taanzi Mwana wakusomona anguna Cinsema Imumpaluya Namalelo Kutanguna Inswi Page 151

Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Adverb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun

11 11 Na Na Na 11 15 5 3 3 Na 14 5 5 3 3 Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 5 Na Na Na 12 12 3 6 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 Na 5 3 7 5 11 5 Na Na Na Na 1 7 5 1 Na 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Fish Fish hook Fish monger Fish trap Fish with a net Fish with basket-net Fist Fist Fit Fit (for a suit, etc) Fit (healthy) Five Five Five times Fiver Fix Fix by wedging Flag Flame Flank Flap wings Flare up (anger, etc) Flash Flat Flatter Flatter Flaunt Flavour Flee Flee Flee Flee Flee Flee in fear Flee with Flexible stick Flip flops Flit to avoid trouble Flock Floor Flour meal Flour meal Flow Flow over Flower Flower Flower Flower Flower Flowering season Flowers Flush Fly Fly Fly Fly over Flying ant Flying termites Foam Fodder Foetus Fog Fold Folk

English-Tonga Loba Kalobo Musulusi Moono Zela Zuba Intuku Nyindi Elele Elela Yumu Osanwe Sanu Tosanwe Cisanu Bambulula Pinga Indembela Ibbibi Lubazu Bbubbumuka Vulumuka Zwela Elana Ena Epula Pekema Lunga Ccija Injina Intabwa Tia Tija Ccija Tizya Muluso Mapatapata Lubuluka Imbunga Cibuye Bufwu Busu Kunka Fwusukila Fulawa Fulula Iduba Iluba Luba Ciindi cabuluba Maluba Laba Aluka/Uluka Inzinini Lundumuka Aluluka Inseele Nswa Makovwu Cakula cang'ombe Mwana uuli mwida Sikunku Vunga Buleya Page 152

Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Adjective Number Number Number Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun

Na 12 1 3 Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na 5 5 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na 3 6 Na 5 7 14 14 Na Na 5 Na 5 5 Na 7 6 Na Na 5 Na Na 5 1 6 7 1 5 Na 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Folk tale Follow Follow along Follow close together Follower Following day Fond of Fondness for a joke Food Food Food Food Food Food Food Food security Fool Foolish Foot Foot Foot Foot path Foot print Football For the rest of your life For what purpose For what reason? Force Force the mouth open Ford Forehead Forehead Foreign Foreign lands Foreskin Forest Forest Forest Forest Forge Forge Forget Forgive Forgive Forgive Fork Fork Fork in the road Forked stick Form a line Fornicate Fornicate Fornication Forward Found Four Four times Frame (bicycle, etc) Free from trouble Freedom Freeze Frequently Fresh Fresh

English-Tonga Kaano Tobela Tobelezya Sisinkana Muna Buzuba buccilila Intila Isyeke Cakulya Igande Kulya Malelo Shilyo Zakulya Zilyo Kuyobola cakulya Ciyanga Fubafuba Cituta Itende Tende Nzila yamaulu Mukondo Bbola Buumi bwenu boonse Kutyeni Nkaambo nzi Sinikizya Asama Cito Inkumo Nkumo Enzu Masi aandene Cikandacivwumba museke Coonde Isaka Kasaka Syokwe Fula Insaka Luba Engelela Lekela Lekelela Foloko Fwoloko Maandanino Impanda Tungana Njilila Tanga Lalika Kumbele Anza One Tone Mutanda Futuka Kulilela Anda Lyoonse Ntete Tete Page 153

Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Phrase Question Question Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Number Number Noun Verb Noun Verb Adverb Adjective Adjective

12 Na Na Na 1 14 Na 5 7 5 15 6 Na 8 Na 15 7 Na 7 5 15 5 3 5 Na Na Na Na Na 7 5 5 Na 6 7 7 5 12 3 Na 5 Na Na Na Na 5 5 6 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 Na 15 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Fresh grass Friction drums Friday Friend Friend Friend Friend (of him) Friend of bride groom Friendly banter Friends Friendship Friendship Frighten Frighten Frighten away Fritter Fritters Frog From From From Front Front Froth Frown Fruit Fruit juice Fruit of a tree Fruit of mucinga tree Fruit of sizygium guineense tree Fruit of the paranari mobola tree Fry Fuel Fuel Fulfil Fulfil Full maize cob Fun in conversation Funeral Funeral Furrow Further Further Furthermore Fuss Future Gadfly Gale Gall Gambling Game Games Garden Garden Garden nursery Gargle Garment Garment Gas Gas Gather firewood Gather together Gather together (transitive) Gather up

English-Tonga Mweemvwe Namalwa Bwasanu Musa Muzolwani Mwai Mweenzinyina Mweeni Munsalo Balongwe Bulongwe Buzolwani Konga Yoosya Konga Kambuwa Tumbuwa Cula Ku Kuzyila ku Zwa Kumbele Kumpela Makovwu Simbula Mucelo Musinza wamicelo Isuku Incinga Insombo Imbula Kanga Mungwimba Nkuni Simpana Zuzya Mulumbu Musalo Dilwe Idilwe Mufwolo Alimwi Kabiyo Kabiyo Takata Kumbele Imbuwo Iguwo Mululwe Injuka Cisobano Zisobano Lima mbewu Muunda Muzikke Sukulula Cibaki Cikobela Ciya Magesi Tebba Bungana Bunganya Lundika Page 154

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Preposition Preposition Preposition Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb

3 5 14 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 14 14 Na Na Na 12 13 7 Na Na Na 15 15 6 Na 3 3 5 9 5 9 Na 3 5 Na Na 3 3 5 5 3 Na Na Na Na 15 5 5 3 5 7 8 Na 3 3 Na 7 7 7 6 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Gathering Gay Gaze Gaze at in admiration Gazebo Gazebo for men Gender Gender balance Generation Generous person Genital warts Gently Genuine Germinate Germinate Germs Get Get a move on Get accustomed to Get away Get bogged Get into place Get lost Get off (transport) Get off work Get out of the way Get out of the way Get rich Get rid of an evil charm Get turned over into Get up early Get up from lying face down Get wet Ghost Ghost Giel before menstration Giggling Giraffe Giraffe Giraffe Girl Girl post menstration pre initiation Girl who attains novice Give Give Give back Give birth Give birth Give birth for Give birth for the first time Give birth to Give for Give knowledge Give medicine to retain affection Give name to Give oneself airs Give out Give place to Give respect to Give yourself Given to drink Gizzard Gland Glans penis

English-Tonga Mbungano Kukwatana kwabasankwa Ebela Ebela Cikuta Gobelo Azya baalumi abamakaintu Kweelenyakwa batata abamama Musyalano Mwaabi Tumpu Kaumu-umu Simpide Mena Sonsa Tuzunda Tambula Bbilingana Zyibila Zwa Bbobokela Kkazika Sweeka Seluka Kaleka Sosoloka Tantamuka Vwuba Sitilila Salamukila Fuma Vuntamuka Nama Ceelo Muzimo Ciliya Inkwinzyi Indudwa Indudwe Intwiza Musimbi Mukubusi Haakalindizyo Abila Pa Pilusya Tumbuka Zyala Zyalila Somona Zyalila Peda Zyiba Zyondola Ulika Pakamisa Vozya Insinzya Lemenezya Libenga Nywisya Mfwuli Kansu Museke Page 155

Noun Adjective Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Phrase Adverb Adjective Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun

5 Na Na Na 7 5 Na 15 3 1 Na Na Na Na Na 13 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 1 7 5 9 5 5 1 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 12 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Glans penis (tip of the penis) Gleam Glitter Glow Glow Glutton Gluttony Gnaw Go Go Go Go Go about Go about Go about aimlessly Go around Go astray Go astray Go away Go away for good Go direct Go down Go down hill Go far away Go free Go from pillar to post Go in line Go off in a hurry Go on and pay no heed Go on foot Go ones way Go ones way Go reluctantly Go to fresh pasture Go to the bad with drink Go under Go up Go wrong morally Goal Goat Goat God God Going up and down Goitre Goitre Gonorrhea Gonorrhoea Gonorrhoea Good Good Good afternoon Good day Good evening Good fortune Good morning Good night Good reputation Good spirit Goodness Goods (economic) Goods (luggage) Goods train Goods train

English-Tonga Museke Ng'aima Ng'aima Mweka Yaka Mulyato Butangazi Cecetula Enda Kuunka Unka Ya Endeenda Vwakaca Zulumuka Zinguluka Lubila Sweeka Ya buyo Ukilalyo Gama Bbila Selemuka Sakana Lyeenela Ingana Tungana Simuka Palauka Enda amaulu Inka Unka Tombayila Wila Penda Puna Tanta Ingana Cikomo Impongo Mpongo Lesa Leza Zemba Bbozo Cibozu Kuzimba akuzwa masina Bbolabbola Kanswende manansa Botu Kabotu Mwalibizya buti Mwabeleka buti Kwasiya buti Coolwe Mwabuka buti Moone kabotu Impuwo Musangu Bubotu Lubono Impasya Cigusu Igusu Page 156

Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Greeting Greeting Greeting Noun Greeting Greeting Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 Na Na Na Na 1 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 9 1 1 5 Na 5 7 15 5 12 Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na 5 1 14 11 5 7 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Goose Gorge Gourd Govern Government Government Government Grab Grab Grafting Grain bin Grain for ferment Grand nephew Grandchild Grandchild Grandfather (of mine) Grandparent Granuloma inguinale Grass Grass Grass Grass Grass for grazing Grass hopper Grass hut Grass screen Grass shelter Grass torch Grasshopper Grasshopper Grave Gravel Graveyard Gravy Graze Grazing ground Grazing lands Grease Great Great Greater than Greatly Greedy person Greedy person Green Green Green harmless snake Green mamba Green manure Greet Grey millet Grind Grind to dust Grind with a mill Grind with stone Grinding mill Grinding mill Grinding of teeth Grope Grope Grotto Ground Ground Ground

English-Tonga Sicisekwe Mwaaka Cibisilo Endelezya Bulelo Imfwulumende Mfwulumende Kwempa Vwampila Kununganya Butala Mimena Nkalamabelo Muzukulu Muzyakula Taatakulu Bakaapa Kuzimba muntebe Bwisu Bwizu Mani Mweemvwe Mani Nsozi Civuka Cibalu Cidumba Muzenge Insozi Mpaso Cuumbwe Lubwelubwe Namaumbwe Musinza Cela Maceelo Macelelo Mafwuta Kando Pati Kwiinda Kapati Mutavwu Syafwumbwamuunyu Nyanzabili Tete Syubusyubu Munyengwe Mbolezi Anzya Nzembwe Gaya Kwiya Gaya Ziya Cigayo Cikazyo Intwino Ampa Ampa-ampa Impangala Ansi Insi Inyika Page 157

Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Adjective Adverb Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 3 7 Na 14 5 5 Na Na 15 14 4 1 1 1 1 2 15 14 14 6 3 6 1 7 7 7 3 5 5 7 11 5 3 Na 6 6 6 Na Na Na Na 1 1 Na Na 1 1 5 Na 5 Na Na Na Na 7 7 5 Na Na 5 5 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ground hornbill Ground nuts Ground pea Groundnut mash Groundnuts Groundnuts Groundnuts Group Group Groups Grow Grow Grow Grow Grow Grow (intransitive) Grow big (clouds) Grow for Grow old Grow thin Grow up Grumble Guard Guardian Guava Guess Guess Guest Guide Guinea fowl Guinea fowl Guitar Gums Gums (anatomy) Gun Gun Gunpowder Gut Habit Haematuria Hair Hair Hair Hair (fur) Half Half cooked food Half cooked porridge Half-way Halve Hammer Hammer in a nail Hand Hand Hand Hand Hand Hand clapping Hand out Hand piano Hand up Handle Handle Handle Handle (of an axe, hoe, etc)

English-Tonga Moomba Ndongwe Imbwiila Cintelentele Indongwe Ndongwe Nyemu Itanga Nkamu Tubungwe Fwunga Komena Kuzya Lima Mena Kula Inyamuka Menena Kula Koka Komenakomena Tenga Londa Simalelo Igwaba Ezyeezya Zukula Mweenzu Enzya Inkanga Nkanga Gitali Cisiniini Ciniini Imfuti Intobolo Musili Bula Cilezowa Kusuba bulowa Isusu Lisusu Masusu Boya Cisela Mukonde Mudyanga Akati Abanya Inyundo Gagayila Ijanza Itansyi Janza Kwaanza Tambika Inkwasi Tambika Konkobela Tambikizya Fumbatila Jatauka Mwini Mwiini Page 158

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Locative Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun

1 5 5 7 9 5 5 5 5 13 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 5 Na Na 1 Na 5 5 5 7 7 5 5 3 14 7 15 5 5 6 14 7 3 3 Na Na 5 Na 5 5 5 15 Na 5 Na 5 Na Na Na 3 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Hang downwards Hang up Hangover after drinking alcohol Hank Happen Harassment Hard Hard Harden Hardship Hare Harlot Harlot Harm Harm Harness Harrow Hartebeeste Harvest Harvest Harvest time Has been picked up Has been taken up Hasten Hasten Hasten (transitive) Hat Hat Hatch Hatch (an egg) Hate Hate Hate Hate Hate Hate one another Haul continuously Have Have Have Have a stroke Have bad name Have been stolen from Have business Have coconut fall on ones head Have diarrhoea Have dysentery Have first menstruation Have first teeth Have given birth Have immunizations Have labour pains Have not Have rain upon oneself Have severe stomach pains Have steady pains or contractions Have stood completely Have the ability Have upright character Hawk He, she, it He, she, it He/she alone He/she also

English-Tonga Sulama Anzika Munzuwe Tuzukuza Citika Mapyopyongano Yumu Zumu Yumya Mapenzi Sulwe Muvwuule Najempa Bisya Cisa Anga Ihhala Konze Limuna Tebula Litebulwa Zubwide Zubwide Fwaamba Fwaambana Binzya Ingowani Mvwuse Konkona Kumba Ingowani Koyeka Slaika Sula Zonda Sulana Susa Cite Jisi Kwete Lebukilwa Kagutulo Bbidwa Jisi bubi Widwa vwuma Soomona Soomona Yaluka Nununa Zyede Yasya Nyonga Ina Ugwa Myongosana Syasyamuna Imvwi Konzya Loma Sambala Kalo Ko Alikke Alakwe Page 159

Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Adjective Adjective Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Proverb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun

Na Na 3 Na Na 6 Na Na Na 6 1 1 1 Na Na Na 5 1 Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na 9 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

He/she as well He/she/it He/she/it He/she/it also Head Head boy Head girl Head master Head teacher Head wrap Headman Headman (polite) Headmen Headmen (polite) Heal Heal (wound) Healer Health Healthcare Healthy person Heap Heap (at the market) Heap up Hear Hear Hearder Heart Heart Hearth Hearth stone Heat Heat Heat of the sun Heaven Heavy Heavy responsibility Hectare Hectare Hedge Hedge Heel Heifer Height Heir Help Help Help Help put load on head Helper Hemp Hen Hen of thicket Herb used as a relish Herb used as relish Herd Herd Herd Herdsman Here Here Here Here Here it is Hernia

English-Tonga Abalo Walo We Awalo Mutwe Musololi musankwa Musololi musimbi Bayi bapati Bayi bapati Ntaulu Sibbuku Basibbuku Simabbuku Basimabbuku Swika Yukila Musilisi Buumi Kukwabilila buumi Muponi Cilwi Mulwi Lundika Mvwa Teelela Mweembezi Moyo Mozo Cikko Isuwa Inkasaalo Kasaala Lumwi Izeulu Lemu Cilemu Ibbanga Limo Imbala Nyonanyona Kasindi Mpwizi Ciimo Mulyazina Gwasya Jafwa Yovwa Twika Sikugwasya Lubanje Inseke Nkuku yakucoonde Itelele Lubele Eembela Embela Mweembezi Mweembezi Aano Awa Koku Okuno Njeeyi Cende kkovu Page 160

Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Phrase Noun

Na Na Na 1, 2 3 1 1 2 2 5 1 1 2 2 Na Na 1 14 15 1 7 3 Na Na Na 1 3 3 7 5 5 12 11 5 Na 7 5 5 5 Na 12 1 7 1 Na Na Na Na 1 11 5 9, 10 5 11 Na Na 1 1 6 16 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na

Hernia Hernia Herpes simplex Herpes zoster Hesitate Heterosexual Hiccup Hide Hide Hide in the shade Hide oneself Hiding from High blood pressure High risk High risk Hill Hill Himself Hinder Hint at Hip Hip joint Hippo Hippo Hippopotamus His mother (polite) His wife (polite) His/her father in law His/her friends His/her in laws His/her relative His/her/their enemy Hit Hit for Hiv Hiv negative Hiv positive Hive Hobble with a stick Hoe Hoe Hoe Hoe Hoe Hoe Hoe a path Hoeing feast Hoes used for marriage payment Hold Hold Hold tightly Hold with Hole Hole Hole Hole Hole Hole Hollow Holy Home Homework Homosexual Hone

English-Tonga Cicende Putyu Tulonda londa Mulilo waleza Wayawaya Kukundaana Intiku Ikutu Sisa Yusa Yuba Sisikizya Kutijana kwabulowa Banga bayambula kufwaambana Bangaboyambulakufwombaana Cilundu Mulundu Mwini Celezya Sendelezya Kasolo Kasolo Civwubwe Imvwuvwu Civubwe Banyina Banakwe Usyizyala Benzinyina Bamakwaakwe Musazinyina Sinkondonyina Uma Umina Nsikalileke Kubula kazunda kansikalileke Kuba akazunda kansikalileke Ngoma yabuci Gankila Iamba Ijamba Iyambo Jamba Lima Lise Epa Indima Maamba acilubu Jata Kwata Jatisya Jatya Bulengo Cilindi Dindi Impako Kalindi Kapulo Impako Sante Cuundu Zyakucita kung'anda Kukundaana Kwenga Page 161

Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Pronoun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Adjective Verb

7 5 13 3 Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na 15 Na Na 7 3 Na Na Na 12 12 7 9 7 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 Na Na 5 Na Na 5 Na 5 5 5 5 Na 5 Na 9 6 Na Na Na Na 14 7 5 9 12 12 9 Na 7 8 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na M Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Honey Honey badger Honey badger Honey comb with larvae Honey guide bird Honour Honour Hoof Hook Hop Hope Hope Hope for (something impossible) Hormones Horn Horn of kudu played by initiate Hornbill Hornet Hornless cow Horse Hospital Host Host (polite or plural) Hot Hot coals Hot season Hotel Hours House House How many? How many? How? How? How? However Hum Human rights Humanism Humanism Humanity Humidity Hundred Hunger Hunger Hunger Hunt Hunt Hunt Hunt Hunter Hunting shrine Hurl Hurry Hurry Hurry Hurry Husband Husband Husk Hut Hyena Hyena Hymn

English-Tonga Buci Bbule Cibule Lyana Insolo Lemenezya Mulemyo Imfumba Kalobo Sotoka Lusyomo Syoma Peekezya Nguzu zyamumubili Luja Mweembo Moomba Inka Ng'ombe mvwuma Ibbiza Cibbaddela Simeenzu Bameenzu Pya Masizi Cilimo Hotela Mawoola Ing'anda Ng'anda Ongaye Tongaye Buti Buyani Byeni Nekuba boobo Ng'ung'una Buntususu Buntu Bunyina Buntu Mudumu Mwaanda Insala Inzala Nzala Fwima Vwima Weza Weza Muvwimi Lwaanga Waala Bbilingana Binda Fwaamba Fwaambana Mulumi Mwaalumi Kkweelele Ing'anda Kabwenga Suntwe Ciimbo Page 162

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Question Question Question Question Question Conjunction Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Number Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

14 1 7 11 5 Na 3 5 12 Na 11 Na Na 7 11 3 1 1 9, 10 5 7 1 2 Na 6 7 5 6 9 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 14 14 14 3 3 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na 1 11 Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 5 9 12 1 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na

Hymn leader I I I I I alone I also I also I also I also I also I am said to be I don’t know about…. I myself Ice Idea Identification of goals If If one doesnt make oneself heard Ignite Ignore Ignore Ignore on purpose Illegitimate children Illustration Image Imagine Imagine Immediately Immediately Immediately Immoral person Immune system Immunisation Immunize Immuno suppressed Impala Important Important person Impose a fine Impotence Impregnate Improve Improve (transitive) Impudence In In In above In fact In front In front In here In here In here In here In here In here In it In it also In it also In law In order In order that In spite of this

English-Tonga Mwaanguzi Ime Mebo Nebo Ume Endikke Ambe Ambebo Ambebo Ame Amebo Ndategwa Ccita Ndemwini Caandu Muzeezo Kuzyiba zikomo Na Kutikatalimwisyi Kutula Umpuka Wiika Dyalauka Banabamusikwe Cifwanikiso Cikozyano Lengela Zalikizya Indilyonya Inoino Ndilyona Muvwuule Nguzu zyamubili Bu kwabilizi bwa mubili Yasa Kucesya ng'uzu mumubili Lubondwe Yandika Mulelo bulelo Lungisya Kutazyala Misya Sumpula Botesya Kacapocapo Mu Muli Mujulu Nokubaboobo Kumbele Kunembo Momu Mono Moomu Omu Omuno Muno Mumo Amulamo Amwalo Mukwasi Kutegwa Kuti Nokuba boobu Page 163

Noun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Phrase Phrase Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Proverb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Adverb Adverb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Verb Adjective Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Preposition Preposition Demonstrative Conjunction Adjective Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Noun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction

1 9 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 3 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na 2 7 7 Na Na Na Na Na 1 9 14 Na Na 1 Na 1 Na 15 Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na 17 17 17 Na Na Na Na 18 18 1 Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na M I Na I I Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na

In that way In the afternoon In the middle In the mouth In there In there In there In there In this way In turns In yonder In yonder In-discriminant slaughter Incest Income Increase Increase (transitive) Incubate Indeed Independence Indian Indigestion Indirect criticism Indirect speech Induced abortion Infant Infant Infant deaths Infant mortality Infect Infections Infertility Infidelity Inflict pain Influence Inform Inform Inhale Inherit Inherit name of the dead Inherit name of the dead Inheritance Inherited talent Initiate Initiate a girl Initiate girl Initiated girl Initiates drums Initiation ceremonies Initiation ceremonies Initiation ceremony Initiation ceremony for girls Initiation coming out ceremony Inner corner Innuendo Inputs (agriculture) Insaka Insanity Insanity caused by not cleansing Insect Insert Insert Inside Inside

English-Tonga Boobo Kumazuba Akati Mukanwa Mo Momo Omo Umo Boobu Malizya Omia Omuya Majayajaya Kukundana mumukowa Mali aanjila Zuzya Yungizya Kumba Ncobeni Kulilela Munsame Cimyongela Masendelela Maambilambali Kugusya da Kavwanda Muvwanda Kufwa kwabana Kufwa kwabana bacili baniini Yambukizya Kuba amalwazi aandeene Kutazyala Bumambi Tundulula Luwo Lubukizya Naanizya Njizya muyo Kona Angazina Kona Lukono Cizimo Soka Vundika Kuzika Kamwale Mankuninkuni Kukubuka Kukuzyika Inkolola Nkolola Nkolola Kaswi Masendelezya Zyakubikka mumuunda Cikuta Ncinko Cibinde Cuuka Kwikka Njizya Mu Mukati Page 164

Phrase Noun Locative Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Phrase Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Preposition Noun

Na 16 Na 17 17 17 Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 15 6 Na Na Na Na 15 1 7 6 6 15 12 1 15 15 Na 15 15 14 Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na 11 7 Na Na Na 12 6 15 15 5 5 5 12 6 8 7 5 7 7 Na Na Na 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Insist Insolence Inspect Inspect Instalment of marriage payment Instalment of marriage payment Instantly Institutions Instruct Instruct Instruct Instrument Instrumental delivery Instrumental delivery Insult Insult Insult Integration Intelligence Intentionally Intercourse Intercropping Intercropping Interest Interpret Interrupt Interventions Interview Intestine Intestines Into Intoxicate Introduction Inveigh against Invent Invent Inventory Invert Investment Invite Invite Irascibility Iron Iron Iron Irrigate Is it not that Is that so? Island Island It It It It It It It It It It It also It also It also It also

English-Tonga Zumanaana Lutuzi Langisya Yanzila Ciko Mafwenezya Ndilyona Zikolo zipati Lazya Lubukizya Naanizya Cibelesyo Kukwela Kwaandulwa Sampula Tukila Tukuna Kulobaika Maanu Caali Koonona Kulobaika Kusanganya zisyango Nonezya Pandulula Gansya Zigwasilizyo Ambaula Bula Mala Mu Kola Kupandulula Bweka Lengelezya Zalikizya Bulembe bwazintu Sandamuna Bika mali mucintu cakuleta mpindu Ita Tamba Bukali Ccisa Insimbi Lubulo Tilila Inga Eena? Insumbu Kasuwa Bo Bwalo Calo Lo Lwalo Lyalo Lyo Wo Yalo Yo Aalo Abalabo Abwalo Acalo Page 165

Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Adverb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Preposition Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Conjunction Interjection Noun Noun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun

Na 11 Na Na 7 6 Na 8 Na Na Na 7 15 15 Na Na Na 15 6 Na 15 15 15 Na Na Na 8 Na 14 6 Na Na 15 Na Na Na 14 Na 5 Na Na 14 Na 5 11 Na Na Na 5 12 14 14 7 Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na 6 14 14 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

It also It also It also It also It also It also It also It also It becomes It has dawned It is It is bad It is even it It is good It is indeed they It is it It is it It is it It is it It is it It is it It is it It is it It is it It is me It is middling It is not It is not a serious problem It is not he/she/it It is not i It is not in there It is not it It is not it It is not it It is not it It is not it It is not it It is not it It is not it It is not on there It is not there It is not they It is not they It is not they It is not they It is not thou It is not thou It is not we It is not you It is not you It is on there It is pitiable It is the same It is the same It is there It is there It is they It is they It is they It is they It is they It is thou It is thou It is we

English-Tonga Acilaco Aco Akalako Akalo Alualo Alwalo Alyalo Aulao Ibe Kwaca Ngu Ncibi Njiyonya Ncibotu Mbombabo Mbubo Ncico Ndilyo Ndulo Ngawo Njiyo Nkako Nkuko Ntuto Ndime Mboobuya Tiinsi Teesyi pensi liya kwa moonga pe Engwe Endime Emo Embo Enco Endo Engo Enguwo Enjo Enko Enko Empo Enko Embo Enjo Ento Enzyo Endiwe Enduwe Endiswe Endimwe Endinywe Mpawo Ceetezya Mbubona Mbumunya Mumo Nkuko Mbabo Ngawo Njiyo Ntuto Nzizyo Induwe Ndiwe Ndiswe Page 166

Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Verb Phrase Verb Phrase Pronoun Phrase Pronoun Interjection Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Phrase Phrase Phrase Pronoun Pronoun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Demonstrative Pronoun Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun

7 7 13 13 11 11 5 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na 18 14 7 11 6 3 9 13 15 16 17 2 4 12 8, 10 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

It is you It is you It, they also Itch Itch Itch Its right on this point Itself Itself Itself Ivory Ivory Ivory bangle Jackal Jackal Jacket Jacket Jacket Jail January Jaw Jaw bone Jay Jealous Jealousy Jeer Jeer Jeer Jeer Job Job of master of ceremonies Join Joke Journey Journey Journey Judge Judge Judge Judge Judgement Juice Juice Jump Jump over Jungle Just Just Just as Just as Just as Just, only Kaonde land Keep Keep records Keeping records Kick Kick of an animal Kidney Kill Kill Kill each other Kill for Kill initiation cattle

English-Tonga Ndimwe Ndinywe Ayalo Baba Baba Bweele Mpampawaawa Bwini Keni Lini Inkaya Inyaya Inkaya Mwaaba Umpe Cibaki Ijansi Jakete Intolongo Mukazimbazimba Mweebo Mweebo Sikaaya Bufwi Munyono Sanka Sanka Weela Weelela Mulimo Bweendelezi Swaanya Buswa Enda Lweendo Musinzi Beteka Mubetesi Mweendezi Sesa Lubeta Mulolo Musinza Sotooka Sotoka Igumba Buyo Ile Mbobonyambuli Mbubonya Mbuli Biya Bukaonde Yobola Yobola malembe Kuyobola malembe Uma Musembela Insa Jaya Yaya Jayana Jayila Leba Page 167

Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Verb Verb Noun Phrase Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Adverb Verb Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Adverb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na 4, 9 Na Na 14 Na 14 12 Na 5 5 5 1 1 7 5 5 5 3 3 3 1 Na 3 Na Na Na Na 3 14 Na 14 Na 11 3 Na 1 1 Na 11 3 3 Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na Na 15 Na 3 5 Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

I, m Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na

Kill with Kind Kind (clan, etc) Kindle Kindness Kindness Kindness King fisher Kingdom Kingfisher Kingfisher Kiss Kitchen waste Knee Knee Knee Kneed Kneel Kneel down Knife Knife Knife Knife Knit Knitting Knitting Knock about Knock at a door Knock down Knock down for Knock down from a tree Knock off Knock out the front teeth Knot Knotted stick Knotty, hard or unripe thing Know Know Know Know Know well Knowledge Knowledge Kraal Kraal Kudu Kudu Kudu Kudu Kuffir bean Labia majora Labia majoris Labia minora Labour Labour Labour Labourer Laceration Lack Lactation Ladder Lake Lament for dead Laments

English-Tonga Jazya Musyobo Mukowa Kunka Buuza Luse Luzyalo Kaliyoliyo Bwami Kalyolyo Mooba Myonta Ndekwa mala Igondo Inungo Izwi Kanda Fugama Fugama Cifwulo Cipoko/Kipeni Intipa Naifi Luka Kuluka Kusuma Yasaula Konkoola Losya Losezya Kulumbula Kaleka Banga Cikoto Inkoli Ikoto Shiba Zi Zyi Zyiba Zibisya Bongo Maanu Ciba Cimpati Haambololo Muzilawa Syaambololo Tolo Inyangu Milomo yantoto Milomo yantonto Malepe Beleka Kumyongwa Mulimo Simulimo Kwaanduka Bula Kusakasya Malele Izyiba Ema Miyowe Page 168

Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun

Na 1 3 Na 14 11 11 12 14 12 1 Na 5 5 5 5 Na Na Na 7 7 5 5 Na 15 15 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na 14 6 7 7 1 1 1 Na 5 7 7 Na Na 15 3 1 15 Na 15 6 5 Na 4

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Land Land Land Land of the ila people Land of the lozi people Land of the tonga people Land tenure Language Language Large Large Large bird Large cobweb Large house rat Large pot for cooking nsima Large river Lash Last born Last born child Last day of the funeral Last year Later on Latrine Laugh Laugh all the time Laugh greatly Lavatory Law Laws Lay eggs Lay eggs Lay in ambush Laziness Lazu Lazy Lead Lead Lead Lead a song so that others follow Leader Leadership Leaf Leaf Leaf Leak Leak Lean Lean against Lean against Learn Learn Learners Learning styles Leather Leather Leather thong Leave Leave Leave Leave Leave behind Leave behind for Leave for Leave to ripen

English-Tonga Cisi Inyika Nyika Bwila Bulozi Butonga Bumukamwini busena Cisyobo/Musyobo Mulaka Nene Pati Muyuni Luubi Cucu Caambikwa Lwaanje Muluso Keela Keela Mulundu Mwakali Aakale Cimbuzi Seka Sekaseka Sekesya Cimbuzi Mulawo Milawo Cecesya Tula Yubilila Butolo Lenga Tolo Endelezya Enzya Solola Kwabula Musololi Busololi Itu Ituvwu Liteu Sweka Zwizya Yaama Yaama Yaamika Funda Iya Sikwiiya Nzila yakwiiya Cikanda Cipaya Citolopo Inka Leka Shia Siya Siya Siila Lekela Vundika Page 169

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

7 5 5 14 14 14 14 7 3 Na Na 1 11 Na 7 11 3 1 12 3 3 Na 7 Na Na Na 7 3 4 Na Na Na 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 14 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 1 10 7 7 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na

Leaves Leaves Leaves Lechwe Lecture Ledge Leech Left Left Left Left Left Left overs Leg Leg Legitimate children Lemon Lend Lenge language Lenge language Length Lengthen Leopard Leper Leprosy Lesbian Lessen (for rain) Lesson Let Let Let blood Let fall Let me taste, i will stop, but its sweet Letter Letter Letter of the alphabet Liar Liberty Licence to practice Lick Lid Lie Lie down Lie face down Lie in the dust Lie on face Lie on the back Lie on the face Lie someone down Life Life Lift Lift up head Light Light (candle, etc) Light a fire Light a match Light beer Light beer Light beer Light complexion Light match etc Light sandy soil Light up

English-Tonga Malu Matevwu Matuvwu Nanja Yiisya Bugwatiigwa Munsyundu Cimonsyo Cimwensi Cipiko Kulumwesye Lumwesyi Ndala Kuulu Mweendo Banabamung'anda Malemoni Abila Chilenge Cilenge Kulampa Lampya Siluwe Sicinanta Cinanta Kukwatana kwamakaintu Amuka Ciiyo Leka Zumizya Pasula Wisya Mbyonte inondeke calo caina Ing'wadi Lugwalo Ibbala Sikubeja Kulilela Mapepa Myankuta Civwunisyo Beja Lala Vwalama Bbunta Vwuntama Salama Vwundama Lazika Buumi Buzumi Nyamuna Nuka Mumuni Domeka Kunka Kwenyuna Cibwantu Cinamala Mukande Balasalala Yasya Lusensa Munika Page 170

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Proverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Noun Verb

6 6 6 5 5 14 1 7 7 7 15 11 5 15 3 2 6 Na 7 7 15 Na 1 1 7 Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na 5 11 5 1 15 6 Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 14 Na Na 3 Na Na Na 7 7 3 Na Na 11 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na

Lighten Lightening Like Like Like that, thus Like this, thus Like very much Lime Limp Line Linking Linking Lintel Lion Lion Lion Lion Lip Lips List Listen Listen attentively Listen carefully Listen to eachother Listen to gourd Listen to witchdoctor Literature Little Little Little basket Little birds know eachother by calls Little brother Little distance Little finger Little old woman Little pieces Little slap Little things of the past Live Live Live fencing Live long Liver Liver first tasted by initiate Livestock Living person Living person Lizard Lizard Load Load Loaf of bread Loam Loan Local Local knowledge Local person Lock Lock Locust Loft Log Log Loneliness

English-Tonga Ubya Lulabo Yanda Zanda Boobo Boobu Yandisya Mulongo Dyabila Mulongo Kuswaanganya Kuswanganya Cikotamino Mulavwu Syaanza Syuumba Syuumbwa Mulomo Milomo Mulongo Swiilila Teelelesya Pembeka Swiililana Mvwacinkuli Mvwacinkuli Malembo Niini Syoonto Insangwa Tuyuni tuzyibene mililo Muce Kasinzosinzo Kantengeza Kacembele Tubeelabeela Kabayi Tukulukulu Kkala Pona Lukwakwa Ongola Muni Ciluma mooye Zivwumbwa Musumi Muzumi Tombela Tombela Mukuli Muziyo Cinkwa Busani Ilooni Nyezi Luzibo Sicisi Kiya Kkiya Insozi Ingazi Cisamu Lukuni Kaungu Page 171

Verb Noun Verb Verb Adverb Adverb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Proverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na 3 Na 3 15 15 7 1 1 5 1 3 4 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 Na Na 5 Na 1 12 12 12 13 12 Na Na Na 11 Na 3 7 8 1 1 1 1 3 3 7 14 5 Na 11 1 Na Na 5 9 7 11 12

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No Yes No No No No No

Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Lonely sorrow Long Long Long ago Long ago Long grass Long hooked sticks Long term Long time ago Look Look Look about Look after Look after Look all around Look at Look at Look down Look for Look for Look for Look for Look like Look on Look up Loose Loose Loose esteem Loose hope Loose ones footing Loose ones good name Loose things Lopping Lorry Lose Lose blood Lose ones temper (with) Lose power Lot Lot of things Louse Love Love Love Love one another Love very much Lover Lower layers of thatching Lower the price Lubricated Luck Lucky person Luggage Lull a child to sleep Lull baby Lump Lump Lump of nsima Lunch Lung Lung Lust Lust Lust after

English-Tonga Muumba Lamfu Lamfwu Ciindi Kalekale Bwizu/Bulamfu Ngobyo/Nadamfu Ciindi cilamfwu Kaindi Langa Langika Langaula Bamba Lela Zibauka Ebela Langilizya Sintama Janina Kapula Vwenta Yandaula Boneka Ebelezya Lungumana Sowa Sweekelwa Zakala Syomonona Inkila Sampuka Sweekelwa Kugonka Cimbayambaya Fwidwa Pasuka Lutila Sampuka Nji Zintu zinji Injina Luyando Yanda Zanda Yandana Yandisya Musyabo Munyengule Josya Amafuta acesya kucumbana Coolwe Sicoolwe Impasya Butika Umbulizya Cikoto Cilundu Mukusu Cisusulo Ifwufwe Ipunga Bwaamu Inkwela Sukama Page 172

Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb

3 Na Na 7 Na 14 9, 10 7 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 7 Na Na Na Na Na 8 5 11 Na Na Na Na 1 3 Na Na 7 1 9 Na Na 7 7 3 7 5 5 14 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na

Lynx Machete Machete Machine Mad for Madness Madness Magistrate Main road Maize Maize Maize Maize bin Maize flower Maize grains cooked Maize stalk Maize stalk Make Make Make Make Make a bed Make a commotion Make a fire Make a fool of oneself Make a mistake Make a noise Make agreement with eachother Make an outcry Make an uproar Make angry Make bed Make big Make bitter Make bitter for Make blunt Make bored Make contract Make correct Make correct Make cry Make forget Make friends Make germinate Make honest Make honest Make kind Make laugh Make laugh Make lonely Make long Make love to Make mischief Make neat Make noise Make noise Make one unconcious Make oneself liable to be enslaved Make oneself unwilling Make oneself weep Make pottery Make sad Make smooth Make someone talk

English-Tonga Lubuwo Ipanga Panga Muncini Intila Incinko Ncinko Mubetesi Muleelanyika Mancebele Mapopwe Zipopwe Buta;a Ingalaala Musozya Ikkuba Ikuba Bamba Cita Lenga Panga Yalabulo Yobu Kutula Fubaazya Lubizya Sabila Pangana Umakabila Yobu Nyemya Yaya Komezya Luzya Luzizya Fumpa Tinka Pangana Lomya Lulanika Lizya Lubya Sanzana Menesya Lomeka Lomya Lomya Sekesya Sesya Lendelezya Lampya Senda Zabana Londola Panga coongo Sabila Zilula Taya Likasyakasya Lilisya Bumba Etezya Bumbaila Ambila Page 173

Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

11 9 5 3 Na 5 5 1 3 6 6 Na 14 5 3 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 18

No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Make something move Make sound with tongue Make stiff Make straight Make thin Make to sit Make understand Make upright Make warm Malaria Malaria Male Male Male animal Malice Malice Malnutrition Malnutrition Malpresentation Man Man Man Mane Mangoes Mantis Manure Manure Manure Many Many (things) Map Marital jealousy Mark Mark Mark Mark Mark out Market Market Marriage Marriage Marriage Marriage Marriage payment Married in a church Married woman Marry Marry (for a man) Marry (for a woman) Marry (man) Marry (woman) Marry more than one wife Marry the second wife Marsh Marsh Marshland Master Master Masticate Masturbation Masturbation Match Maternal morbidity Maternal mortality

English-Tonga Zyula Syola Minya Lulanika Fulusya Kkazya Mvwisya Lomeka Kasaazya Kuciswa mpeyo Ntuntumaanzi Mulombwana Musankwa Mweenze Luciso Luuni Bulwazi bwanzala Malwazi anzala Kwiingana Mulombwana Muntu Mwaalumi Ingala Mamango Kacembele gundu Bufwumba Imbolezi Mbolezi Nji Zinji Maapu Buzuba Caando Inembo Insimbo Simba Enga Mafwandiso Musika Idundu Kkwato Lukwatano Lukwato Ciko Tataniswa Mulindu Twala Kwata Kwatwa Tatanisa Tantaniswa Alika Alika Itinti Musena Tinti Mukamwini Simalelo Zukila Kulyoomba Kuuma musyumbwi Kanchisi Malwazi acisa bamakaintu Kufwa ntumbukila Page 174

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 5 1 Na 1 11 11 14 6 15 1 1 1 5 6 12 14 9 5 Na Na 6 14 7 5 5 Na Na 6 3 5 5 11 11 7 Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 3 Na 1 1 Na 15 15 12 6 15

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Maternal uncle Maternal uncle Mathematics Matress Matter Matter Matters Mattock Maybe Maybe Me Meal, butter and groundnut mixture Mealie cob with grain Mean Mean person Mean person Mean person Means Means of transport Measles Measure Measure Measure Measure eachother Meat Meat Meat for people staying the night Meat relish Meat with the bone Medicine Medicine to ease birth Medicine to protect children Meet Meet Meet Meet Meet Meet each other Meet eachother Meeting Meeting minutes Melt Melt (intransitive) Melt (intransitive) Melt (transitive) Melt (transitive) Member (of the body) Member of the ila tribe Member of the lenge tribe Member of the lozi tribe Member of the Luvale tribe Member of the nkoya tribe Member of the tonga tribe Menarche Menarche Mend Mend by sewing Menopause Menopause Menopause Menstrate Menstrual cycle Menstrual cycle Menstrual cycle

English-Tonga Baacisyanyina Simizyaabo Namba Cineemuneemu Kaamba Kaambo Makani Ibbeula Antela Inga Mebo Muzuba Mulumbu Mutuni Mwaanka Sikalifwune Syacivwulemwangu Nkaambo Cakweendela Cifwumu Ela Ela Pima Elana Inyama Nyama Haanankange Cisyu canyama Cituli Musamu Nacitontozya Musamuwaluvwumwe Kumana Swaana Swaana Swaana Swaanganya Swaangana Swaana Muswaangano Bweende Yaaya Enenzunuka Enzemuka Enzununa Yaazya Cizyo Mwiila Mulenje Mulozi Mulubale Munkoya Mutonga Kubeluka Kuyaluka Bamba Suminina Kutakkala Kutaselela Kutatonda Yaluka Kukkala Kuselela Kutonda Page 175

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Auxiliary verb Pronoun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun

2 1 5 7 12 12 6 1 Na Na Na 3 3 Na 1 1 1 5 7 7 Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 7 7 3 5 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 14 Na Na Na Na Na 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 Na Na 15 15 15 Na 15 15 15

No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Menstruate Menstruation Menstruation Menstruation Merciful person Mercy Mercy Messenger Messenger Metal Metal part of a tool Method Mice Midday Midday Midday meal Middle Midwife Might Migraine Migraine Migrate Mildew Military personnel Milk Milk Milk Milk gourd Mill Miller Millet Millstone Mind Mine Miner Minerals Ministry Miracle Mirage Mirror Miscarry Miser Miss Miss someone Missionary Mist Mist Mistress of the house Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix language Modern (these days) Moist Moisture Molar Mole Monday Monday Money Money offered after initiation Money received by brides father Money received by brides mother

English-Tonga Ya kumwezi Kukkala Kusela kwalyoonse Kutonda Silubomba Lubomba Luse Kapaso Mulumbe Lubulo Insimbi Inzila Mbeba Isikati Isyikati Cikobo Akati Sikutumbuzya Unga Kaandula mutwe Lusinga lwamutwe Longa Imvwundi Sikalumaamba Kama Malili Mukupa Nsuwa Gaya Mukami Nzembwe Iziyo Popa Mugodi Simigoti Busani Cibeela Iseese Mailikitwa Gilazi Sowa Mumama Zula Yeeya muntu Muluti Mune Sikunku Namaanta Kopenganya Sanganya Vwela Zukila Golonga Aano mazuba Tete Mudumu Cibaanda Silumfwukwe Musumbuluka Muvwulo Mali Muccato Causulacilezu Mumya Page 176

Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Locative Noun Auxiliary verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na 15 15 15 1 11 11 1 3 14 5 5 2 5 5 7 Na 1 Na 12 11 Na 5 1 Na 6 3 5 Na 1 5 5 Na 3 1 14 7 5 6 7 Na 1 Na Na 1 5 5 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 7 1 3 3 6 3 7 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mongoose Monitor Month Month Months mind funeral ceremony Moon Moon Mop Mopani tree More than Moreover Morning Morning or midday meal Morning star Mortar Mortar Mortar and pestle Mortuary Mosquito Mosquito Mother Mother cow Mother in law Mother of Mother of Mother of Mother of his/hers Mother of mine Mother of yours Motorcycle Motorcycle Mould Moult Mount Mount Mourn announcing the dead Mourner Mourning Mourning Mouse Mouse Mouth Mouth Mouth Move Move Move about Move along on buttocks Move aside Move for Move from one place to another Move house Move in large numbers Move residence Movement Much Much Much Much Much Mud Mud Mud Mud

English-Tonga Sicikonda Bona mulimo mbowenda Mweezi Mwezi Mweesyo Mweezi Mwezi Kolopa Mwaani Kwiinda Alimwi Cifwumo-fwumo Zikoboko Intanda Incili Nchili Ncili amunsi Saini Inmwi Nsenya Bamaama Cinyina/Inyina Bamamazyala Banyina Bina Na Banyina Baama Banyoko Honda Mududuudu Bumba Monsauka Liza Tantila Omoka Sidilwe Idilwe Kulila Imbayi Imbeba Ikanya Kanwa Mulomo Longa Puta Putauka Cuta Sosoloka Longela Zunga Lonzya Insuka Pola Bweende Cinicini Kapati Loko Maningi Nji Bulongo Intimba Intipa Mankanda Page 177

Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Conjunction Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 Na 3 3 3 3 3 Na 3 Na Na 7 Na 5 9 5 5 3 5 6 2 7 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 5 3 Na Na Na Na Na 1 5 15 5 9 5 12 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na Na Na Na Na 14 5 5 6

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na

Mud Mud Mud Mud guard Mud guard Mud guard Mulch Multiplying Murder Murder Murmur Muscle Mushrooms Music Music rattle Musical instrument Musical instrument of initiate Musket Mussel Must Must My age-mate My child My in law My in laws My little brother My mother My relative My/our enemy Myths Nail Nail (carpentry) Nail to a cross Nakedness Name Name Name Name Name Name Name given by mothers clan Name given to baby by fathers clan Name of a dance Name of a dance Name of a dance Name of a valley dance Name of mine dance Namesake Nape of the neck Narrate Nasal mucus Nation Nation (country) Natural Nauseate Nauseate Navel Navel Nay Near Near Near Near Neat

English-Tonga Matimbo Matope Matyopo Idikati Mankanda Mankandya Vumbila Kuzyalana Jaya Kujaya Ng'ung'una Munyemfwu Bowa Nyimbo Muyuwa Cilimba Mandimbwa Intobolo yamudinkilwa Lwiili Elede Elele Musaama Mwanaangu Mulamu Bamakwaanga Mucaangu Baama Musazina Sinkondoma Zyaano Lwala Cipikili Kankamina Tundulu Banda Izina Izyina Liina Tega Ulika Akalo Nguli Cing'anda Haamatika Kalyaba Kalilo Kukambilwa Museli Makosi Kanana Mamina Bantu bomwe Cisi Cilengwa na leza Cima Sesemya Ikkombo Ikombo Ne Kufwaafwi Munsi Munsi a Afwiifwii Londo Page 178

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Verb Noun Noun Interjection Adjective Adjective Preposition Adjective Adjective

6 6 6 5 6 6 5 15 Na Na Na 3 14 5 3 7 6 5 11 Na Na 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 8 11 7 Na 13 Na 5 5 5 Na Na 5 5 7 5 12 12 15 3 6 Na 6 2 7 7 Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Neat person Neatness Neck Neck Necklace Need Needle Needle Needle for injections Needs Needs assessment Needs assessment Negotiate marriage by boys parents Negotiate marriage by boys parents Neighbour Neighbour (of him) Neighbour (of mine) Nephew Nerve pain Nerve pain Nest Nest Net Networking Neuralgia Never Never the less New New New shoot of mubombo tree News Next Next day Next week Next year Ngo Nickname Nickname Niece Night Night Night blindness Night jar Nine Nine No No No No No! Noise Noise None Nonsense Nonsense! North Nose Nose Nose bleed Nostril Not at all Not at all Not burn well Not decayed

English-Tonga Mulondo Bulondo Insingo Nsingo Bulungu Yanda Inyeleti Nyeleti Indonga Ziyandika Kulangalanga ziyandika Kupima ziyandika Ciba Selu Simukobonyina Mweenzinyina Mweenzuma Mujwa Kamano Kasinga Cifwuko Citeente Lusabwi Kuzyibizyanya Lusinga Ne Nekuba boobo Enzu Pya Kantembwani Makani Mpoona Buzuba buccilila Mvwiki iboola Mwakauboola Mbunga itali yamfwulumende Ulikizya Zalikizya Mujwa Mashiku Masiku Kutabona kabotu misiku Lukumba Ifuka Ifwuka Ne Pe Peepe Sobwe Yawe! Coongo Mugantu Kunyina Camalabali Yawe! Kunyika Impemo Mpemo Munoka Inango Akaniini Pe Syuuntuka Zumi Page 179

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Interjection Conjunction Verb Adjective Noun Noun Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Number Number Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Noun Noun Noun Interjection Interjection Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Interjection Verb Adjective

1 14 5 5 14 Na 5 5 5 8 15 15 Na Na 1 1 1 1 12 12 7 7 11 15 11 Na Na Na Na 12 6 Na 14 3 3 5 Na Na 1 6 6 15 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 3 15 Na Na Na 9 5 3 9 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na

Not to allow Not to be Not to have Not very well Note absence of Nothing Nothing Notice Nourishment November Now Now Now Nshima Nsima being cooked Nsima that sticks to the pot Nuisance Nurse Nurse a child Nurse a patient Nurse children Nursery Nurture Nurture for Nut Nut Nut Nutrition Nutrition Oar Obey Object Objectives Observe eachother Obstacles Obstacles Obstruct Obstruct Obstructed labour Obtain Ochre Ochre October Of Of course! Of my fathers clan Offal Offence Offence Offend seriously Offer Often Often Often Oil Okra Okra Okra Okra Old Old Old Old age Old grudges

English-Tonga Kasya Bulila Bulila Nyumanyuma Zula Kunyina Kwiina Cizibyo Malelo Ivwambapati/Uvwambipati Eno Ino Lino Insima Muzuba Makololo Malabali Nesi Lela Lwazya Lela Muzikke Bamba Bambila Indongwe Inyemu Nsimbi Busani Zyakulya Inkwasu Teelela Kaka Zikomo Enana Mapenzi ajanwa Mupenzi ajanwe Obezya Sinka Kwiinga Jene Cisila Mukula Kavwumba kaniini A Eena! Ngamatata Malabisi Mulandu Mulandu Lubizizya Pega Kanjikanji Lyoonse Tunji Mafwuta Cinkomba Delele Lunkomba Mudelele Cembele Kulukulu Pati Bunene Tukulukulu Page 180

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Phrase Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Preposition Interjection Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Adverb Adverb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 7 6 5 Na 5 Na 5 3 6 6 1 Na Na Na 3 Na Na 5 5 5 14 Na 5 Na Na 8 Na 6 3 Na Na 15 Na 7 3 12 Na Na Na Na 3 3 Na Na Na Na Na 6 7 5 11 3 Na Na Na 14 13

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Old house Old man Old man Old matters Old things Old woman Omen On account of... On foot On here On here On here, right here On it On it also On purpose On the back of On the ground On the ground On there On top of On yonder On, with, on the place of Once One One another One apiece One of the family One spoken to One time One who carries the initiate One who destroys a village One who is disturbing One who knows well One who must see for him/herself One who offers sacrifice One who sets out early in morning One who sows dissent One who wakes around noon Onion Onions Only Only Only Only if Only, just Only, simply Only, simply Onto Ooze Open Open Open Open Open Open back of vanette Open mouth Open new field Open new land Open space Open space Open the mouth Operate Operation Opportunities

English-Tonga Caanda/Cakaindi Mudaala Munene Tukulukulu Tukulukulu Mucembele Malweza Nkaambo ku Amaulu Aawa Awa Aano Alo Aalo Caali Kusyule Ansi Panshi Awo Atala a Aalya A Kamwi Omwe Beni Umwiumwi Mwana okwesu Mwaambilwa Komwe/Cindi Comwe Mubbazi Golamunzi Sibunjaka Muzuba Haankalibonena Mupaizi Haafwuma Mujayaziyanze Mubukwazuba mujulu Hanyisi Nyanyisi Buyo Luzutu Pele Ccita buyo kuti Biyo Bo Bulyo A Lolomoka Jalula Jula Sinkulula Vununa Yalula Kambayaambaya Asama Panta Sinda Busena Intangalala Mamuna Pandula Kupandulwa Ciindi Page 181

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Adjective Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Adverb Locative Locative Noun Demonstrative Locative Demonstrative Preposition Adverb Number Pronoun Adjective Noun Noun Preposition Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Adverb Adjective Phrase Adverb Adverb Adverb Preposition Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun

7 1 1 13 13 1 6 Na Na 16 16 16 6 16 Na Na Na Na 16 Na 16 Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 Na 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na 14 5 Na Na 15 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Opportunity Or Oral sex Orange Orange Oranges Orchard Orchitis Order Organization Organize Oribi Orphan Orphans Osier plant used in basket-making Ostrich Other Other person Otter Ought Our mother Outcries Outside Outside Outside Ovary Over population Over ripe maize cob roasted Overcome Overeat Overflow Overflow Overflow Overflow Overtake one another Ovulation Ovum Owe Owl Own Own Own livestock Owner Ox Ox cart Ox cart Oxe Oxherd Oxygen (air) Pace Pace ceremonially at funeral Pack Pack for Pack fully Pact Pail Pain Pain Pain Pair of tongs Palm of the hand Palpitate Pant Papaw

English-Tonga Ciindi Naa Kumyonta kuzinswe Ifuleenke Ifwuleenke Maolenji Muunda wamicelo Kuzimba kwamacende Labila Kabunga Bikka antoomwe Nanzele Mucaala Bamucaala Lutende Impowani Mbi Bambi Cibawe Elede Kuliswe Miyowe Ansengwe Anze Pasengwe Mubambilwa maji aabukaintu Kusisinkana Museete Zunda Zembelwa Fwusambukila Fwusukila Kupayika Tika Enzyanya Kweenda kwamaji aabukaintu Iji lyabukaintu Kweletela Tumba Jisi Laa Vwuba Mukamwini Musune Cikoci Cikocikala Ing'ombe Sing'ombe Muya Intaamu Zemba Longa Longela Pakaika Cizuminano Opeelo Cisa Cokoma Lusinga Lumanu Itansyi Duntauka Fooma Ipoposi Page 182

Noun Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Locative Locative Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun

7 Na 15 5 5 6 3 15 Na 12 Na 5 1 2 11 9 Na 2 7 Na 15 Na Na 16 Na 3 15 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 5 Na 1 Na Na Na 1 1 7 7 9 1 3 5 Na Na Na Na 7 5 Na Na 11 11 5 Na Na 5

No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I M I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Papers Parable Paraffin Paraffin tin Parcel Pardon Parent Parinari mobola tree Part Part Part Part of a region Participate Participation Participatory Partners Partridge Partridge Party Party Party where beer is sold Pass Pass an exam Pass on out of sight Pass while missing the other Pasture Patch Patch Patch Patch Patch Path Path Path in thick mush Patient Patron Patterned cloth Pay Pay Pay a fine Pay a fine Pay a tax Pay fees Pay no heed Peace Peak of roof Peanut Peanut butter Pedal Peddle Pedestrian Peel Peel off (intransitive) Peel off (transitive) Peep Peers Pelvic inflammatory disease Pelvis Pen Pencil Pencil Penetrate Penis Penis

English-Tonga Mapepa Kalabiko Mungwimba Igogoogo Bbudaila Jatila Muzyali Mubula Anzaana Cibeela Pansaana Cooko Tolalubazu Kutola lubazu Kajanika Bayanzene Kwale Kwale Ipobwe Pobwe Kamando Inda Passa Indilila Impana Mweemvwe Cigamba Cimamo Gambika Mama Yambika Inzila Nzila Muutu Mulwazi Musololi Citenge Bbadela Vozya Liiya Lunga Tela Bbadela Uzya Luumuno Nsonje Coonde Coonde Citibilo Ccovwa Simaulu Yupa Bbabbanuka Bbabbula Sondela Bamasela Cipala mwida Tusolo Bbopeni Impesulo Mpesulo Tunga Busamkwa Bwalumi Page 183

Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun

6 12 3 5 Na Na 1 3 6 7 Na 7 Na 15 Na 2 15 1 9 5 12 Na Na Na Na 3 7 7 Na Na Na 5 5 3 1 1 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 11 5 7 7 7 Na 1 Na Na Na Na 2 7 13 5 9 5 Na 14 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na

Penis Penis Penis Penny Penny People People of other countries Pepper Pepper Pepper Percolate Perculate Perhaps Perhaps Perhaps Perhaps Perhaps Perhaps Periodic basis Perish utterly beyond hope Permission Permit Perplex Perservere Persevere Persist Persist Persist in dispute Person Person building a new home Person of bantu ethnicity Person of ndebele tribe Person of the locality Person without relatives Pesticide Pestle Pests Petrol Petty coat Phenomenon Phone Photograph Physical Physique Piano Pick Pick Pick axe Pick pocket Pick up Pick up Picture Pidgeon Piece of building material Piece of meat Piece work Pierce Pierce for Pierce right through Pig Pig Pig Pig Pigeon

English-Tonga Intoni Mweenje Ntoni Idi Ikobili Bantu Bamasi Impilibili Mapepa Mpilimpili Sensa Zinza Ambweni Antela Atene Doona Inga Ndiza Aciindi aciindi Fwidilila Luzumizyo Yanzya Zyinga Zumanana Kakatila Kakatila Kazizya Zumanana Muntu Mubala Muntu Mutebe Munyenzi Mumba Musamu watuuka Munsi Luuka Mungwimba Pitikoti Kasinga Foni Fotola Kumubili Ciimo Piyano Bweza Cela Piki Kapika Bwezelela Zubula Cifwanikiso Nkwilimba Ciyako Cituli Mugwazo Tulula Tulwida Tulula Ingulube Inkumba Ngulube Nkuntala Inkwilimba Page 184

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Auxiliary verb Conjunction Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 3 5 5 5 2 2 5 6 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 11 3 5 12 5 Na Na 7 5 Na Na 5 12 Na Na 7 1 7 7 3 Na Na Na 9 5 5 5 1

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No Yes No No No Yes No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na

Pile Pile up Pill Pill Pinch Pinnacle Pint at Pit Pit Place Place Place Place Place Place (country) Place for men or boys Place of Place of mukika trees Place of the dead Place where many go Placenta Plain Plain Plait Plan Plan Plan Plan with someone Plane Plane wood Plank Plank Plans Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant for Plant out Plant used for relish Plant used for relish Planting Plaster Plaster Plaster edge of foundation Plate Plate Play Play along with Play an instrument Play cards Play the fool Play the hypocrite Play thing Play with Play with anothers property Playing cards Plead Please Please Please someone Please!

English-Tonga Mulwi Ilikizya Ipiilusi Kakoto Syamba Insonje Tondeka Dindi Idiindi Antu Cibaka Kuntu Mweenya Busena Cisi Igobelo Kwa Lukoka Nkuumuya banji Nkuumuya banji Camacembele Cibanda Cibandu Osa Muzeezo Panga Plana Pangana Indeke Fwala Ipulanga Mupulanga Makanze Byala Shimpuka Simpa Simpika Syanga Zikila Simpila Simpaula Kampubu Syaasyipa Kusyanga Mata Zila Fwukila Mbale Mutiba Sobana Belausya Lizya Covwa njuka Sunda Upaupa ameso Incubi Cubila Putila Injuka Kombelela Konda Nonezya Botela Akaka! Page 185

Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Preposition Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Interjection

3 Na 5 12 Na 5 Na 5 5 Na 7 15 3 14 7 5 Na 11 5 5 7 7 7 Na 3 Na Na Na 9 Na 5 3 6 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 5 15 Na Na Na 5 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na

No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Pleurisy Plough Plough lightly Plough with Ploughed land Pluck Pluck out Pluck out Pneumonia Pneumonia Pocket Pocket Pocket knife Pod Pod Point Point (of a pencil, etc) Point at Poison Poison Poke Poles Police officer Police personel Policeman Policy Polish Politeness Political science Pollarding Pollen Polygamist Polygamy Pool Pool Pool of water Poor Pop (gun) Porcupine Pore Porridge Porridge made of milk Porridge made of milk Porridge mixed with sour milk Ports of entry Positive living Posses Posses Post office Post partum hemorrhage Postpone Postpone Pot Pot Pot Pot Pot Potatoes (irish/regular) Potatoes (sweet) Potsherd Pounce upon Pound Pound with narrow end of pestle Pounded groundnuts

English-Tonga Kamanu Funka Bbabbaula Limya Bulimo Cela Jwa Nonka Kamanu Nsikila Inkomo Nkomo Imesi Kkwa Mulibo Tondeka Imbele Tondekaa Incefwu Kola Donta Ziyaku Kapokola Silikani Musilikani Mulawo Cumba Mulemeko Mapolitikisi Kungonka mitabi Bungu Simaali Maali Citangazyiba Izyiba Izyiba Cete Kutuka Inungu Mwinza Ceele Kacese Mukkwilo Cikandi Anjilila mulwazi Kukkala kamupakamene Fwua Fwuba Posti ofesi Kuzwa bulowa bunji kapati Musya Vundika Cibiya Cilongo Inongo Mpoto Mupika Magwili Cimbwali Kapapa Vwampila Twa Syubula Buntele Page 186

Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun

12 Na Na Na 14 Na Na Na 12 5 5 5 9 5 3 Na 5 Na 9 Na Na 8 1 1 1 3 Na 3 6 15 14 1 6 7 5 5 Na Na 5 3 7 12 3 7 6 15 Na Na 5 15 Na Na 7 7 5 5 3 6 7 12 Na Na Na 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Pour Pour Pour again Pour water Poverty Powder Powdered groundnuts Power Power Powerful person Praise Praise Praise Praise Praise eachother Praise oneself Pray Pray Pray Pray Prayer Preach Preach Preach Preach Preacher Preacher Preacher Prefer Pregnant woman Premature ejaculation Premonition Prenatal medicine to ease delivery Prepare food Prepare for ceremony Prepare oneself Preserve President Press Press down Prevent Prevent Prevent Prevent Prevent Prevent for Prevent from suckling Previously Price Prick Pride Pride Priest Primary school Prison Prisoner Privately Problem identification Problems Proceed Procession Procession Proclaim Proclaim chief

English-Tonga Kuna Tila Tilatila Tila Bucete Lusu Buntele Inguzu Insana Sing'uzu Dunda Lombozya Lumba Lumbaizya Tembaulana Lidundila Bomba Kambilila Komba Paya Cilombo Ccumayila Cumaila Cumayila Kambauka Mufwundisi Mukambausi Mukambausi Bbonsyeka Mumisyi Kufwaambana kusuba bweenze Mambuzya Nselezya Kutauka Unza Libambe Jatisya Muleli Tyanka Dyaminina Celezya Cingilila Kasya Kwabilila Mutabilila Kasizya Tabauzya Kaindi Muulo Tulaula Kulibeja Mapuwo Fwala Cikolo Intolongo Kayili Kunze acuulu Kuzyiba mapenzi Mapenzi Solweda Debelwa Idebelwa Lilauka Njizya Page 187

Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Adverb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na 14 11 14 9 5 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na 1 1 1 Na 1 15 6 5 Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na 15 Na Na Na Na 3 Na 15 6 1 7 5 12 Na 15 6 Na 5 5 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Prodigal Product Profit Profits Prolifically give birth Prolonged periods Promise Promotion Prop up Prophesy Prophet Propose a marriage Propose to do Prospective bride groom Prospective bride groom Prostate gland Prostate gland Prostitute Prostitution Protect Protect Protein Protein Protein Protein rich Protests Proverb Proverb Provided that Provision Prune Puberty Pubic bone Pubic hair Public Puerperal sepsis Pull Pull Pull ember from fire Pulurant cervicitis Pump Pump Pumpkin Pumpkin Pumpkin leaves Pumpkin leaves Pumpkin plant Pumpkin seeds Pumpkin with hard skin Punish Punishment Pupil (eye) Puppy Purification Purify the widdow Purr Purse Pursue Pus Pus Push Push into fire half burned ember Push through Put

English-Tonga Zabala Ciintu Mpindu Impindu Zyalisya Kalobola Cisyomezyo Kusumpula Taba Sinsima Musinsimi Ambamzya Kanza Sikukwata Sutwala Tusiinga tubamba mamundelele Tusilinga tubamba namundelele Kapenta Buvwuule Sitilila Vuninina Cikomezya Zakulya ziyaka mubili Zyakulya ziyakukomena Zijisi ziyaka mubili Maambaamba Kaambyo Kasimpi Kufumbwa kuti Bulilu Sonzola Kusantula Bbumbu Mafwuzi Buleya Kuciswa kwantumbukila Cela Kwela Sosolola Kuzimba Pompa Pompi Citende Litanga Matevwu alupusi Muncile Lungu Nyungu zyazitende Muungu myuunda Subula Cisubulo Imboni Kabwa Kusalazya Salazya mukamufwu Vwitima Nkomo Tandila Busina Masina Tonka Sosela Bbilingana Bikka Page 188

Adjective Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na 7 5 5 Na 12 7 15 Na Na 1 Na Na 1 1 13 13 12 14 Na Na 7 8 8 Na 6 12 12 Na 14 Na 15 5 6 14 15 Na Na Na 15 Na 5 7 5 6 3 11 5 3 Na 7 9 12 15 Na Na 5 Na 14 6 Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Put at rest Put down a load Put for Put forth hand Put in Put in Put in for Put in line Put in order Put in wattles for Put lying Put on Put on fire Put on head Put on the fire Put on the shoulder Put to sleep Puzzle Quail Quake Quake Qualities Quarrel Quarrel Quarrel Queen bee Question Question a person Question the guilty Quibble Quickly Quickly! Quiet Quieten heart Quieten heart Quietly (of rain) Quit Quit Rabbit Rabies Rabies Rack Radio Radio Rail road tracks Railroad line/track Railway Railway platform Rain Rain Rain Rain Rain Rain beetle Rain shrine Rain spirit Rain spirit gate Rainbow Rainy season Raise Raise dust Raise hands in boxing attitude Raise up Raised platform to store maize

English-Tonga Kazika Tula Bikkila Tambika Injizya Njizya Njizizya Ndandama Bamba Bangila Lazika Sama Sibika Tukka Sibika Kulika Oneka Tazya Nduu Yuuna Zungaana Ziyandika Inzwanga Nzwanga Zwangana Mwami mukaintu wanzuki Mubuzyo Zeekezya Sinswa Tenga Cakufwambaana Kamfwambaana Tontola Kkazika moyo Obozya Kaumu-umu Kucileka Leka Sulwe Cinsungwe Cinsuungwe Kasakabale Cilimba Wailesi Njanji Injanji Injanji Cibambili Imvwula Invwula Mainza Mvula Mvwula Inyene Malende Musangu Cilyango Fulicoongo Mainza Nyamuna Lundula Vwika Yumusya Cisanza Page 189

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Adverb Interjection Verb Verb Verb Adverb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na 8 5 5 Na 3 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 7 7 12 7 5 5 5 5 7 5 9 6 3 3 5 6 3 7 5 6 Na Na Na Na 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Rake Rake Rape Rape Rape (relish) Rape (relish) Rape (the action) Rape (type of relish) Rash Rash Rat Rate Ratify Ration Rats Ravage Rave Raw Raw, unripe Ray of light Razor Razor blade Reach Reach (arrive) Reach maturity Reach puberty (boy) Read Really Really Really Reap first maize Rear Reason Reason Rebuild Rebuke Recall Recall Recarve Receive Receive Receive a loan Recipe Reckon Reconcile Record keeping Records Recover Recycling Red Red Red millet Reduce pay Reed Reed Reed Reed mat Reed mat Reed mat Refer to Refuse Refuse by shaking head Refuse to give Refuse utterly

English-Tonga Hala Nhala Jata musimbi Kujata musimbi Leepu Tantaacuulu Jata musimbi Lepu Cintaambwe Cintombwe Sikoswe Anji Jatisya Bulilu Bacucu Saala Labalika Kwange Bisi Mutunga Lunyoolo Imbeli Kusikila Sika Kubuka Kubuka Bala Cinicini Kasimpe Ncobeni Oloka Komezya Kaambo Nkaambo Yakulula Sinsa Anuka Ingasila Bezulula Tambula Tampula Loona Bwakujika Ezyeezya Jokelanya Kubamba malembe Malembe Pona Kwiindulula Salala Subila Mabele Lida Itete Lubu Lutete Isasa Lisasa Munseme Gama Kaka Lulauka Ima Tatauka Page 190

Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adverb Adverb Adverb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

5 5 Na 15 5 5 Na Na 7 7 1 Na Na 14 2 Na Na Na Na 3 11 9 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na Na 15 6 Na 15 Na Na 6 Na 5 11 11 5 5 3 Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na

Regret Reins Reject Rejoice Rejoice Relapse Relate Relate Relationship Relationship Relatives Release Reliable Relish Relish Remain Remain Remain with Remains of a village Remember Remember Remember Remilk Remind Remind Remove Remove Remove Remove bark from a tree Remove sticks from the fire Remove with a stick Repair Repeat Repent Repent Replaster Reply Reply Report Report Report to Report to (a person) Represent Representation Request Request Require Rescue Rescue Rescue Resemble Resemble Resemble Resemble eachother Residential area of rich Resources Respect Respect Respect Respectable Responsibility Rest Rest Rest

English-Tonga Insoni Citolopo Kaka Sangabalilwa Sekelela Kwiindulula alimwi Kanana Luula Kumvwana Luvwano Inzubo Sungula Syomeka Cilisyo Cisyu Caala Syaala Caazya Itongo Ibaluka Zhibeluka Zhingashila Kamununa Yeeyezya Yeezya Gusya Gwisya Jula Funda Yokolola Tapula Bambulula Indulula Pubuka Subuka Zilulula Sandula Vwiila Luwo Mema Zeleka Ambilizya Iminina Cikozyano Lumba Tamba Yanda Futula Nununa Vwuna Koshana Kozya Kozyanya Kozyana Mayaadi Zibelesyo Bulemu Lemenezya Mulemyo Lemekwa Uulanga Kupumuna Lala Lyokezya Page 191

Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb

5 7 Na Na Na 15 Na Na 15 11 5 Na Na 7 7 Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 11 Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 8 14 Na 3 Na 5 15 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Rest Rest Rest Rest of your life Rest on Restrict Results Resume work Resume work after lunch Retard Retire Return Return Return Return Return Return an item Return back Return from a journey Return something Reveal Reveal in Revenge Revile Revolt Revolt Revolting sight Reward Reward Rheumatism Rheumatism Rhinoceros Rhythmic beat of pestles Rib Rib Rice Rice Rich person Rich person Riddle Riddle Riddle Ride a bicycle Ridge Ridges Riffle Right Right Right here Right here Rightness Rim Ring Ring Ring Ring Ringworm Rise Risk Risks Rite Ritual clapping prayer Ritual clay put on during funeral Ritual pacing at funeral

English-Tonga Lyookezya Okezya Pumuna Buumi bwenu boonse Kkalikizya Bililizya Zitondezyo Sumbuluka Yusukila Leka kukomena Kuka Bweeda Bwela Joka Piluka Zyoka Josya Jokolola Zyoka Jokezya Yubulula Yubulwida Lumbula Sampuzya Inzwanga Sesemya Malusi Bulumbu Lumbula Cinywe Lusinga Cipembele Mujiinci Bbambo Ibbambo Laisi Mupunga Muvwubi Mwami Kalabi Kalabiko Kasimpi Ccovwa nchinga Insonje Mibundu Intobolo Kululyo Lulyo Kuno Mpoonaawa Luzi Cingengema Intasa Lizya Ninga Ningayakuminwe Cuubi Buka Intenda Ziyoosya Impimbiziko Lukambo Bulongo buyakubbililwa Zemba Page 192

Verb Verb Verb Phrase Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na 8 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na 6 14 Na 7 11 7 3 5 5 5 3 1 1 12 12 12 Na 5 4 5 15 11 Na Na 11 7 5 Na 5 5 7 Na 5 8 9 11 14 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ritual wrist bracelet River River system Riverside Road Road Roar Roar Roar (river, etc) Roast Roast Roast Rock Rock (intransitive) Rock (transitive) Rock baby Rod Rod Roil (intransitive) Roil (transitive) Role Role (intransitive) Role (transitive) Role model Roles Roll up Roof Roof Roof pole Roof pole Root Root of a plant Root used in making cibwantu Rope Rope Rope Rope Rot Rot for Round-about Route Route Route Row Row of people Rub Rub off skin Rubber Rubbish Rubbish pit or hole Ruin Ruins Ruins Ruins Ruins Rule Rule Ruler Run Run Run Run away Run quickly Run to

English-Tonga Mpola Mulonga Bulonga Inkomwe Mugwagwa Mukwakwa Boba Vwuuma Vuuma Tenta Yaka Yoka Mundomba Tekaana Tekaanya Umbulizya Kasako Musako Tendeleka Tendelesya Mukozyanyo Kunkulika Kunkulisya Kuba mukozyanyo Zibeela Yalula Ciluli Lululi Inseketi Isomo Muyanda Munkoyo Masyabe Ingoye Lutambo Lutumbe Ntambo Bola Bozezya Kwiinda mumbali Inshila Inzila Nzila Kwasula Idebelwa Zima Puzaula Mupila Malabisi Cilindi Bisya Citongo Itongo Litongo Matongo Bulelo Lela Lula Lunduka Tijaana Zuza Tijaana Lundukisya Balika Page 193

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

5 3 14 5 3 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 Na Na Na 12 3 Na Na 3 Na Na 15 8 Na 7 11 5 5 3 3 6 5 11 11 5 Na Na Na 5 5 5 Na 5 Na Na 3 6 7 Na 7 5 5 6 14 Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Rural Rush Rush Rush upon Rust Rust Rustling Rut Sack Sack Sacrifice Sacrifice to the spirits Sadden Saddle Sadness Sadness Safe water Sales Saliva Salt Salt Salvation Same Same thing Samp Sample San Sand Sand Sandal Sanitation Sapling Sardines Satan Satisfy Saturday Saturday Sauce Saucer Save Save Save Save Save Sawdust Say Sayings Scab Scabies Scalded Scar Scare off Scare off birds Scatter Scatter Scatter Scatter from a container Scatter with paws Scenario Scent Scent School Scissors Scold

English-Tonga Mumunzi Vulumuka Vuumuka Vuumukila Inkalaya/Nkale Nkulaya Kasokosoko Lukololindi Saala Isaka Paila Piila Etezya Cuuno Buumba Buusu Maanzi aali kabotu Busambazi Mate Munyo Sautu Lufutuko Munya Ncicona Musozya Cizibyo Musenga Museenga Musenga Impato Bulondo Kasiko Kapenta Saatani Kusya Jibelo Nsabata Musinza Katiba Futula Futusya Fwutila Nununa Yobola Musu Ti Twaambo Cinkombe Bweele Puzuka Lubata Soola Yamina Lundumuka Mwaya Mwayika Tapaula Tataula Ciyanza Bwemya Nunkizya Cikolo Kagele Bwenta Page 194

Adjective Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb

Na Na Na Na 5 5 12 11 Na 5 Na Na Na 7 14 14 6 14 6 3 5 11 Na 5 3 7 3 3 3 5 14 12 12 5 Na 5 5 3 12 Na Na Na Na Na 3 Na 13 7 14 Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 14 Na 7 12 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Scold Scold Scold Scoop Scoop Scorch Scorpion Scourge Scramble for Scrape Scrape off skin Scratch Scratch as fowl Screem Screw Screws holding pedals Scrotum Scythe Sea Seal Search for Search for something for another Season Season Seasonal calendar Seasons Seasons Seat Second Second rains Second time Second-hand clothes Secondary school Secondary virginity Secret Secretary bird Section See See again See each other See through See well, see clearly Seed Seed Seed Seed Seed Seed Seedling Seek Seem Seem Seem Seep Seepage Sell Sell Sell Sell Seller Semen Semen Seminal fluids Seminal vesicle

English-Tonga Bwentela Gonga Kadwaadwa Mfwula Yibula Uluba Kabanze Vwapula Nyaana Pala Cuzula Yanga Yanga Kwiila Kiya Nkapu Ciyobwe camacende Cikwakwa Lwaanje Inembo Londa Yandawida Ciindi Lunga Kkalenda yaciindi camwaka Ciindi camwaka Ziindi zyamwaka Cuuno Bili Civwuna ng'ombe Lwabili Madikimunwa Cikolo Kucileka koonana Kazimoyo Jule Cibeela Bona Bononona Bonana Balangala Bonesya Imbotu Imbuto Inseke Inyungu Mbuto Nseke Muzike Yandaula Ba-anga Baanga Koya Sensa Siciduunta Sambala Ulisya Uzya Zya Sikuukzya Bweenze Meenda akubwaluumi Meendeenda abweenze Ciyobwedo cabweeze Page 195

Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na 12 5 Na Na 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 7 7 11 5 Na Na 7 Na 5 7 7 7 Na 7 11 6 7 15 12 1 7 Na Na Na Na Na 5 9 5 5 5 5 3 Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na 1 14 6 6 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Send Send Send a message Send on in front Send to Sensitize Sentences Sentenses Separate Separate Separate Separate Separate from Seperate Seperate September Septic abortion Serve Serve food Serving spoon Set Set (sun) Set (the sun) Set a snare Set ablaze Set ablaze Set above Set alight Set at variance Set in queue Set out Set out Set out Set table Set up Set up Set up Set up for Set upright Settle Settle (sediment) Seven Severely beat Severely punish Sew Sew Sewer Sex organs Sexual cleansing Sexual intercourse Sexual intercourse Sexual pleasure Sexually transmitted disease Shade Shade Shade of a tree Shadow game Shake (intransitive) Shake (intransitive) Shake (transitive) Shake (transitive) Shake in the wind Shake out Shake up

English-Tonga Toma Tuma Laizya Solozya Tumina Zyibya Milumbe Twaambo Andana Anzaana Pansaana Tantamusya Zandauka Andaanya Kobosya Ivwivwi Kuzwa kwa da Belekela Pampula Cipampuzyo Simpika Ipila Bbila Teya Yaka Zaka Lunga Domeka Lwanisya Ndandama Inka Nyamuka Unka Yala Imika Shimpuka Simpa Simpila Vuntamuna Kkazika Batamina Ciloba Kwabbula Tundulula Suma Tunga Sikusama Nzinswe Kusalazya kwakoonana Koomana Kukundaana Koona kwakoonana Kuyambukilakwiindamukoonana Cimvule Cimvwule Cisiko Banamacaaca Tekaana Yuuna Tekaanya Yuunya Pekema Vukumuna Suka Page 196

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Number Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na 4 13 Na 16 Na Na Na Na Na 5 15 Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 9, 10 15 15 15 15 15 7 7 7 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Shallow basket Shallow well Shame Shame Share Share Share Share Share out Share out nsima Sharp Sharp pain Sharpen Sharpen Sharpen Sharpen (a spear) Shave Shave around the head Sheathe Sheep Sheet Shelf Shelf Shell Shell Shell Shell Shell maize Shell maize by pounding Shell of a nut etc Shelter from the wind Shepard Shield Shin Shine Shine Shine Shine Shirt Shirt Shirt Shiver Shoes Shoot Shoot Shoot Shoots Shop Shop Short Short Short journey Short, stout person Shorten Shorten Shorts Shorts (1 pair) Should Shoulder Shoulder Shoulder Shoulder Shoulder-blade Shout

English-Tonga Cibango Cikala Bweemya Insoni Aba Abana Abanya Abila Apula Pulila Bosya Lusinga Bosya Fwala Kwenga Fula Nyoola Pambula Soma Imbelela Mulemba Bugwatiigwa Kasakabale Buulula Ipapa Kuyupa Yupa Buulula Kokola Ikwa Sitilizya Embela Intobo Mwiindi Bala Munika Mweka Towa Ihempe Isyaati Shati Kankama Mabbusu Dubula Fusa Kampakatwa Zisyuuko Cintolo Cintoolo Fwaafwi Fwiifwi Kasinzo Mutuntuli Fwiimpya Guyaula Kabbudula Cibbudula Elede Igwezo Ikuko Kuko Lweezo Ikkuko Ompolola Page 197

Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb

7 7 14 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 11 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 9 3 14 12 Na 9 15 Na Na Na 5 Na Na 5 3 Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 Na 6 Na Na 12 8 7 7 Na Na 12 1 Na Na 12 7 Na 5 5 15 11 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Shout Shove Shove Shovel Shovel Shovel Show Show mercy Shrub used for cleansing Shrub with edible roots Shudder Shut Shut Shy Shyness Sibling Sick person Sickle Sickness Sickness Sickness Side Sieve Sieve Sign Sign Signal Similarly Similarly Simmer Simply Sin against Since Sinew Sinew Sing Sing Sing a sad song Sing together Single unmarried woman Sink Sink Sink Sink Sink Sister Sit Sit Sit abreast Sit round the fire Sit round the fire Sit squatting Six Size Sizzle Sjambok Skein Sketches Skid Skills Skim Skim Skin Skin

English-Tonga Oompolola Tonka Tonta Fosholo Fosyolo Ifwosyolo Tondezya Engelela Musampizya Muliya Tilimuka Jala Yala Nsoni Nsoni Munyoko Mulwazi Sikela Bulwazi Iwazi Lwazi Lubaza Nsefa Seba Citondezyo Cizibyo Imbaakani Mbubona Mbumunya Syooma Buyo Bisizya Kuzyila ku Mulambi Muteke Imba Wimba Yabila Vwemuka Mooye Bbila Bbobokela Ibila Ipila Nyikila Munyoko/Mucizi Kkala Kumba Yalana Yota Zota Sunsumana Cisambomwe Kukomena Cocoma Mutatula Tuzukuza Tusobano Papalika Bupampu Yibula Yibulula Cikanda Cipaya Page 198

Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Adverb Verb Adverb Verb Conjunction Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun

Na Na Na 5 5 5 Na Na 3 3 Na Na Na Na 9, 10 1 1 5 14 5 11 11 5 Na 7 7 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 3 Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 15 Na 3 Na 13 Na 14 Na Na 7 7

No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Skin Skin an animal Skirt Skull Sky Slander Slap on the cheek Slap with the palm of the hand Slash Slasher Slasher Slave Slavery Sledge Sleep Sleep in/on Sleep on mothers back Sleepiness Sleeping sickness Sleeping sickness Slice Slight Slight breeze Slim Sling shot Slip Slip down Slip down Slip from grasp Slipperiness Slippery place Slope Sloth Small Small Small Small animal Small baobab tree Small bat Small bird Small bird Small boy Small bundles of grass Small car Small chicken Small child Small child Small child Small coat Small dog Small fish Small garden Small girl Small goat Small hoe Small hole Small house Small insect Small lumps of nsima Small mushroom Small path Small piece Small piece of luggage Small plank

English-Tonga Funda Funda Musinsi Cipompo Izeulu/Ijulu Tamikizya Anzamuna Lubayi Kwempa Cikwaakwa Cikwakwa Muzike Buzike Cilayi Ona Onena Sungama Ng'onzi Luwizi Ng'onoone Tendaula Ubya Kawo Koka Malegeni Papalika Lola Tezilila Pusyuka Butezelele Butezelele Mungenya Bukata Niini Nkaanga Syoonto Kanyama Kabuyu Kaseseko Kayuni Kazuni Kalombe Buleele Katakula Kakuku Kabutu Kacece Kana Kabaki Kabwa Citaka Kaunda Kasimbi Kapongo Kaamba Kakuta/Kalindi Kaanda Kauka Tukusu Indyu Kazila Kabeela Kabbudu Kapulanga Page 199

Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na 3 7 5 Na Na 11 Na 7 7 1 14 7 Na Na Na 7 11 9, 10 Na Na 12 Na 6 Na Na Na Na 14 14 3 14 Na 5 Na 12 12 12 12 12 12 14 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 7 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 5 12 12 12 12

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Small species of flying ant Small spring Small stick Small stool Small storage container Small store Small talk Small termite hill Small thing Smallpox Smart (neat) Smart person Smash oneself on the ground Smear Smear Smear all over Smear body Smell Smell Smell nicely Smile Smiling face Smith Smoke Smoke Smoke Smoke Smoke (fire) Smoke tobacco Smoke tobacco Smoothen Snail Snake Snare Snare Snare Snatch Snatch Snatch Sneeze Sneezing Sniff Sniff Snore So and so So that Soak in water Soap Sob Soccer (the sport) Social Society Sock Socks Sofa Soft Soft mud Soil Soil Soil Soldier Sole of foot Solely Solve a problem

English-Tonga Bwiilili Kantolo Kasako Kauno Kabbule Kantoolo Ng'unung'unu Kasuumbwa Kantu Intumbu Londo Mulondo Lipwaila Mata Shingula Zilazila Lamba Bunumfwu Nunka Nunkilila Mweta Lumwemwe Mufwuzi Busi Fweba Fwepa Kufulidila Unda Fweba Fwepa Sumbuzya Inkumba Inzoka Ca Ikole Kakole Kwempa Kwezya Vwampila Esyemuka Syini Nafwida Nunsya Vwitima Ndaba Kutegwa Nyika Insipa Biizyika Bbola Mubukkale Lusyangano Luteve Masokesi Mupando/cuuno Tete Bulongo Ivwu Mavu Mavwu Musole Impato Luzutu Pasula Page 200

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Conjunction Verb Noun Verb Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Verb

14 12 12 12 12 12 7 12 12 5 Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na Na Na 11 1 14 Na Na 15 Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na 5 12 Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na 1 Na Na 5 Na 5 Na 11 11 6 5 Na 14 5 6 6 1 5 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Some Something absent Something to smoke Something to think about in bed Sometimes Sometimes Sometimes Son in law Song Song Song leader Songs Soon Soothe baby Sorcerer Sore Sore Sore throat Sorghum Sorghum Sorry Soul Soup Sour Sour milk South Southern part Southern province Sow Sow Sow Soya Spade Spanner Spark Sparkle Speak Speak Speak loudly Speak on behalf of Speak the truth Speak to Speak vehemently Speakable Speaker Speaker Speaker forgets Spear Spear Spear Spears Species Species of bird Species of fruit Species of large bat Species of tree Species of wild cat Species of wild cat Species of wild cat Species of wild cat Species of wild cat Species of wild fruit Speech not open Speed

English-Tonga Mwi Citeesyi Kufweba Ninsalamina bulo Aabona Cimwi ciindi Limwilimwi Mukwe Ciimbo/Lwiimbo Lwiimbo Mwaanguzi Ziimbo/Nyimbo Inoino Umbulizya Mulozi Cicisa Cilonda Bukoto Maila Maila mucene Cabija Muyu Musinza Sasa Mabisi Kumusanza Cooko cakumusanza Cooko cakumusanza Byala Minzya Syanga Soya Ifwosyolo Cipanela Insasi Sansaila Amba Ti Ambisya Ambilila Simpya Ambauzya Ambisya Ambika Mwaambi Mwaambi Kaluba mwaambi Isumo Lisumo Muumba Masumo Musyobo Induba Iloolo Simudima Musoboyo Ciswe Fungwe Insezi Inzuzi Nyonzi Maloolo Maambilambali Lubilo Page 201

Adjective Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Adverb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Interjection Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Phrase Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na 7 15 5 Na Na Na 1 7 11 1 8 Na Na 1 7 7 14 6 6 Na 3 3 Na 6 15 7 7 Na Na Na 5 5 7 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 1 Na 5 5 3 6 1 9 5 1 3 7 1 5 5 1 6 6 11

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Sperm Sperm duct Spider Spill Spin Spinach Spinach Spinach Spinach Spine Spirit Spirit dance Spirit of death Spirit of the dead Spirit sickness and dance Spiritual Spit Spittle Split Split Split Split Split up Split up Split up for Split up for Spoil Spoil Spoil Spoil (person) Spoil for Spokes Sponge Spontaneous abortion Spoon Spoon Spread Spread about Spread out Spread out Spread out to dry Spread out to dry Spread tail (bird) Spring Sprinkle Sprinkle about Spy Square Squash Squat Squirrel Squirt from the mouth Staff Staff of the spear Stagger Stagger Stake Stake a claim Stalk Stalk (game) Stalk of sugar cane Stamp earth Stamp grain Stand

English-Tonga Bweenze Nsinga zyeenzya bweenze Sicuubi Tika Osa Bboonko Cimowa Cinsyungwa Cisyungwa Moongola Muzimo Masabe Muzimo Muzimo Masebe Kumuuya Swa Mate Andula Panda Pasula Tila Andaula Pasaula Andawida Pansawida Bisya Nyonyoona Pola Tiimika Bisizya Isipoko Munganganga Kusowa Muungo Sipunu Yambukila Sakamina Yala Zalo Yanika Zanika Sanga Kantolo Sansayila Lundumwida Ena Elana koonse-koonse Syonda Susumana Sikaale Piila Musako Luti Tenteleka Zeeleka Nkanka Taminina Sobelela Benda Munsale Sinda Twa Ima Page 202

Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb

14 5 1 Na Na 5 7 7 7 3 1 6 3 1 6 Na Na 6 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 3 15 3 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na 3 11 Na Na 5 Na Na Na 3 Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Stand Stand erect Stand for Stand off Stand ones ground Stand up (intransitive) Stand up (transitive) Star Stars Start Start a fire Start a topic Start early Station Stature Stature Stay Stay Steak Steal Steel Steel drum Steel drum Steep Stem Step child Step on Step over Steps Stick Stick Stick Stick (intransitive) Stick (transitive) Stick in the mud Stick in throat Stick of a trap Stick rhythms Stick rhythms Stick rhythms Stick to beat rhythm on pestle Stick to pot Stigma Still born Sting Stingy Stingy person Stingy person Stink Stir Stir up Stirring stick Stoke Stomach Stomach Stomach Stomach Stomp Stone Stone Stone Stone trap Stool Stool

English-Tonga Zhima Zupumana Iminina Yumuka Zyandamana Imikila Imikizya Inyenyezi Nyenyezi Talika Yasya Sunsa Fuma Citesyeni Cifwanikiso Ciimo Kkala Syaala Cituli Bba Lubulo Bbulo Cingomo Tetemuka Cisiko Muzya Lyata Taaluka Ntaamu Cisamu Kasamu Musako Lamatika Lamatila Patila Tinga Mweeta Bukonkoolo Bukwabikwabi Bukwabukwabu Kakonkoozyo Zyatila Kulibikila Kasowe Luma Mutuni Mwaanka Syacivwulemwangu Nunka Kopa Vundula Muungo Sosela Bula Ida Ifwu Liifwumo Dinta Ibbwe Ibwe Waala abbwe Idiba Cuuna Cuuno Page 203

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na 5 7 7 Na Na 7 Na 11 5 7 Na 7 1 Na Na 5 7 12 3 Na Na Na Na 3 14 14 14 12 Na 15 12 Na Na 1 1 Na Na Na 3 Na 14 5 5 5 Na 5 5 Na 5 7 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I L Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na

Stop Stop Stop Stop Stop for Stop growing Stop with Store Store Story Stove Straighten Strain Strain in pulling Strange Stranger Straw Stream Strength Strength Strengthen Stressed Stretch Stretch oneself Stretch out Stretch out Stretch out (intransitive) Stretch out (transitive) Stretch out legs while sitting Strike Strike a lite Strike for Strike match String String String String Strip Strip of meat Stripe Strong Strong Strong man Strong person Strong wind Structures Struggle Stub trees Stub trees Stubborn person Student Study Stuff Stultify with drugs Stumble Stumble Stunted growth Stunted growth Stupid Stupidity Stutter Subject (person) Subordinate oneself Subside

English-Tonga Iima Ima Leka Sinka Lekela Leka kukomena Lesya Cintoolo Yobola Caano Citofu Olola Minununa Duunyana Enzu Mweenzu Kezu Kalonga Inguzu Inkusu Yumya Kuba amizeezo Lyolola Lyoolola Dadamuka Landamuka Oloka Olola Tandabala Uma Kkwenyuna Umina Kkwenyuna Kakole Kooye Lutumbe Ntambo Funda Mutendu Mweengwe Yumu Zumu Inkanka Sing'uzu Iguwo Mayake Palangana Duntaula Gunkaula Sicinguni Sicikolo Bala Dinka Ungula Nontola Pampalika Kutakomena Kutalema Fwubafwuba Bufwuba-fwuba Bbaabbalisya Muna Litaya Tooka Page 204

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Adjective Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na 7 7 Na Na Na Na 1 12 12 9 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 12 11 5 Na 3 3 Na Na 5 1 5 6 Na Na Na 1 1 Na Na Na Na Na 15 15 Na 14 Na 1 Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Substitute Successor Suck Suckle Suckling mother Sudden Suddenly Suffer Suffering does not come once Sugar Sugar Sugar cane Sugar cane Suit Sulk Summarize Summon to Sun Sun Sun Sun hemp Sunbathe Sunday Sunday Sunflower Sunflower Sunset Supervise Support Support Support systems Support systems Suppose Supposing Suppressed Surely Surely Surpass Surprise Surround Surround in an attack Survive Susceptible Susceptible Susceptible Suspect Swallow Swallow Swamp Swap Swarm of locusts Sweat Sweat Sweat bits of food Sweater Sweep Sweep Sweep Sweep Sweep for Sweet Sweet Sweet beer (non alcoholic) Sweet potato leaves

English-Tonga Imikizya Mulyazina Syuunta Nyonka Mutumbu Mpoonampoona Cisuntu Penga Pengwa taindwi kamwi Ccuka Syuga Musale Nzimbe Elele Futa Guyaula Itila Izuba Lisuba Zuba Sanyembe Yotela Insondo Nsondo Langa zuba Malanga zuba Mabbililo aazuba Endelezya Gwasilizya Taba Zigwasilizya Zigwasyizya Yeeya Kubona Kudyamininwa Inga Malaa Inda Nyandya Zinguluka Zinga Futuka Kubaubilwa kujila mumapenzi Kubaubilwa kujila mumapenzi Ubilwaubilwa Yeeyela Kamembya Mena Itinti Cincana Cikwikwi Inkasaalo Itukuta Budodoodo Nsweta Kukula Peela Pyaanga Pyeela Kukwida Nkasaalo Nono Cibwantu Maambwa Page 205

Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Adjective Adverb Verb Proverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Conjunction Adjective Conjunction Adverb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Verb Adjective Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Noun

Na 1 Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na 5 5 3 5 Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 5 Na 5 5 5 6 6 Na Na Na 8 8 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 12 Na 5 Na 7 5 Na 14 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 6

No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na M Na Na Na Na Na

Sweet potatoe Swell Swell Swell (carcase) Swim Swing from Sword Symptoms Syphilis Syphilis System (custom) System (way) T-shirt Table Table Tablet Taboo Tail Tailor Take Take Take Take a direction Take along with Take away Take away Take back Take care Take care of Take down Take down for Take firm hold of Take in hand Take medicine orally Take off Take off Take off in a certain direction Take out Take out Take out Take out of the way Take out of water Take out of way Take out residue Take part Take shelter Take up Take up by the roots Tale Tale Tale bearing Talk about Talk loudly Tall Tall Tampan tick Tantalize Tantalize Tantalize Tap Taproot Tardiness Tarmac Tasks

English-Tonga Cimbwali Shimba Zimba Tunta Yamba Zumbaana Ipanga Zitondezyo Kalonda katacisi Kanswende Cilengwa Inzila Sikipa Itafule Tebule Kakoto Malweza Mucila Musumi Besa Bweza Tola Gama Tobelezya Tola Zwisya Tolola Cenjela Bamba Selusya Selusizya Jatilila Bweza Nywa Fumuna Jula Tozya Gusya Gwisya Zwisya Tantamuna Nyikula Sosolosya Kwaapula Tolalubazu Yusa Zubula Zyula Ingano Kaambo Bujaka Ambawida Yubayuba Lamfu Lamfwu Inkuswi Cima Nyeemuzya Sombeezya Pompi Sikaimaima Kumuka Taala Zyakucita Page 206

Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adjective Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 Na Na Na Na Na 9 8 12 12 7 5 5 5 5 12 6 3 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 12 Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na 5 5 15 5 8

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No Yes No

Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Taste Taste food Tattoo Tattoo mark Tattoo mark Tax Teach Teach Teach eachother Teacher Teacher Team of oxen Tear Tear Tear (crying, etc) Tear asunder (meat) Tear in many places Tear, make ragged Teaspoon Teenage pregnancy Telegram Telephone Telephone someone Television Tell Tell a story Tell someone Tell the truth Tellable Temperature Tempt Ten Ten Ten Tent Term of respect for women Termite Territory Test Test Testicle Testicles Thank That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That

English-Tonga Labila Toma Simba Insimbo Lusimbo Mutelo Fundisya Iisya Iisyanya Bayi Mwiiyi Cinkubala Yaula Zakala Misozi Muntula Zapaula Delula Kaungo Kumita ciliya Telegilamu Umya a foni Umyaluwaile Cipekupeku Kanana Ana Ambila Sinizya Ambika Kukasaala Sunka Ikkumi Ikumi Likumi Itenti Namasandu Cuula Igundu Musunko Pima Iccende Macende Lumba Ako Ceco Eco Elyo Eyo Eyo Ezho Ico Kako Kuti Leyo Lolu Obo Okia Oko Olo Oyo Toto Ubo Ulo Uto Page 207

Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Number Number Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Conjunction Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative

Na Na Na 5 11 3 Na Na Na 2 1 7 Na Na 4 Na Na Na 12 15 5 Na Na 7 Na Na 18 Na Na 15 Na 5 Na Na 5 5 7 5 3 Na 5 6 Na 13 7 7 5 4 9 4, 9 7 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na I M Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na I M M M

That That That day That is to say That there That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder, yonder That, that yonder That, that yonder That, that yonder That, those That, those That, those That, thus That's too bad That’s too bad Thatch Thatch Thats all Thats what The aged cow suckles calves The beginning The elderly (plural) The end The first The ila people The in law who quietens war The journey has begun The milky way The nkoya people The post The public The same thing The second The sky The sun is planning to bring rain The third The thumb The tonga people The upper story The whole The whole Theft Their place Themselves Themselves, itselves Then Then Then There There There There

English-Tonga Uyo Wezo Buyo buzuba Nkokuti Uko Akaya Kalya Leya Lolya Lulya Obia Obuya Okuya Olia Oliy Ulya Welya Bulya Celya Eciya Eliya Ayo Azo Iyi Bobo Cabija Accu kaka Vumba Vwumba Mbubo Ncencico Yakula yanyonka boombe Matalikilo Bacembele Masimpilo Cakusanguna Baila Mukwasi ukwasila nkondo Lwapya lweendo Mulalabungu Bankoya Imposo Buleya Njiyona Cabili Ijulu Likanza kwaaleta Catatu Calang'anda Batonga Mujulu Onse Oonse Kubba Kwabo Beni Ini Eelyo Ilyo Mpawo Ko Koko Oko Wo Page 208

Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Conjunction Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Phrase Interjection Verb Verb Interjection Conjunction Proverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Proverb Phrase Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Proverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Pronoun Pronoun Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative

Na Na 14 Na Na 13 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 7 7 5 6 6 5 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 2 6 7 2 Na Na 3 2 5 14 Na 7 5 Na 7 7 2 3 Na Na 15 15 2 4, 9 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

M I Na Na M Na I, m I I I Na Na Na Na Na M I I, m I Na Na Na I M I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na I Na Na

There in There is none There is none There is not Therefore Therefore Thereupon Thereupon Thereupon These These These These These These These These These These These These These here These here These here These here These yonder These yonder These, these here These, these here These, this here They They They They They They They They They They They They They They also They also They also They also They also They also They also They also They also, with them They also, with them They know the disease Thick Thick bush Thick bush with many trees Thick porridge Thick sour milk Thick sour milk Thicket Thief Thief Thigh

English-Tonga Mumo Taaku Taakwe Taku Eelyo Nkabela Ilyo Mpamunya Mpawo Aaba Baba Eyi Ezhi Ezho Ezi Ezino Ishi Otia Otiya Otu Sheshi Abano Otuno Sheno Shino Ilya Yelya Bano Beno Aano Alo Balo Bo Shalo Shi Syalo To Twalo Wo Yalo Yo Zyalo Zyo Abalo Akayo Alulato Alwalo Ashalo Awo Azyalazyo Azyalo Abalabo Abalo Bakalibuzyi bulwazi Lemeleme Loonde Gumba Insima Canda Cipwaza Igumba Kabwalala Mubbi Cibelo Page 209

Demonstrative Phrase Phrase Phrase Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Phrase Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 2 2 4 4, 9 4, 9 8 8, 10 5 Na Na Na Na 2 Na Na Na 5 Na 2 2 6 16 2 2 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 4, 9 13 11 11 8, 10 6 8, 10 8, 10 2 2 Na Na 11 5 5 7 7 5 12 1 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na M Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na I Na I I Na Na M Na Na Na I Na Na I M Na I M I Na Na Na Na I, m I, m I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Thing Things to do Think Think Think Think Thinning Third Thirst Thirst This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This hear This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This year This, these This, these This, these This, these This, this here This, this here This, this here This, this here This, this here This, this here Thong Thorn Thorn Those Those Those Those Those

English-Tonga Cintu Zyakucita Syoma Telaika Yeeya Zeeza Tantaanya Tatu Inyota Nyota Aka Ceci Eli Evi Eyi Ezhi Ici Ili Kaka Leli Lolo Obu Oku Olu Oubu Oyu Totu Ulu Utu Uyu Wezu Lono Akano Ecino Ezino Kono Leno Lino Luno Obuno Okuno Uku Uno Weno Yeno Kono Aya Aza Bobu Iyi Bono Buno Ceno Cino Elino Kano Lutambo Bumvwa Bwiya Aabo Babo Eyi Eyo Ezyo Page 210

Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Adjective Noun Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative

7 8 Na Na Na Na 5 Na 5 5 13 7 5 7 9 4, 9 7 5 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 13 7 8, 10 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 6 6 14 5 14 14 7 7 5 12 11 14 14 2 2 4 4 9, 10

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na I M M I I I Na Na Na M Na I M M M I I Na Na Na I I M M Na Na M I I I Na I I I M I M I M Na Na Na Na L Na I Na Na Na

Those Those Those Those are the ones Those here Those left behind Those yonder Those yonder Those yonder Those yonder Those yonder Those yonder Those yonder Those, that one Those, those yonder Thou Thou Thou Thou (familiar or as a diminutive) Thou alone Thou also Thou also Though Thousand Thread Thread Threads (of a screw, etc) Three Three Thrice Throat Throat Throat Throb Throttle Throw Throw Throw Throw Throw away Throw down Throw in Throw in wrestling Throw in wrestling Throw upwards Thumb Thumb Thunder Thunder Thursday Thus Thus Thy father Thy mother (polite) Thy mother (polite) Thy wife (polite) Thyself Tick Ticket Tickle Tickles Tie Tie Tie

English-Tonga Isho Oto Shesho Mbabaya Tuno Bacaalizya Eziya Ilya Otuya Shelya Shilya Tolya Tulya Aabo Ababo Uwe Webo Yebo Iwe Olikke Ayebo Aze Nokuba kuti Cuulu Bunweba Tunga Maliya Otatwe Tatu Totatwe Amoyo Igoyooyo Ikkulumino Zunta Sina Fusa Fwusa Tapula Waala Sowa Waala Sowela Inzinga Tinga Onza Cala Cigumo Kuzuma Zuma Bwane Boobo Obo Uso Banoko Banyoko Banako Omwini Nzengene Dikiti Dekenya Bunyeela Anga Sunga Taiyi Page 211

Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Phrase Demonstrative Noun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Noun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Conjunction Number Noun Verb Noun Number Number Number Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Conjunction Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun

5 Na Na Na Na 2 8, 10 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 2 Na Na Na 5 Na 8, 10 8, 10 Na Na 14 Na 6 Na Na Na 15 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na 7 7 Na Na 14 Na Na 1 2 2 2 Na 1 5 Na 14 Na Na 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No Yes

M Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na I M I M Na Na I I Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Tie the name Till Timber Time Time of plenty Tin can for food Tin can for food Tip Tire Tire for To To To be Toad Toast Tobacco Today Toe Toe Together Together Together with Toilet Tomato Tomatoes Tomatoes Tomorrow Tomorrow Tomorrow Tomorrow Tonga language Tonga language Tonga medicine Tongue Tongue Tonight Too much Tool Tools Tooth Tooth Toothless gums Top Top Top Top knob of ax Top of wall inside house Torn clothes Tortoise Tortoise Tortoise Tortoise Torture Toss in pain Total rainclowd cover with rain Totter Touch Touch with a finger Tough Towards Tower Town Town Town

English-Tonga Angazina Lima Mapulanga Ciindi Ceyo Cigabba Gabba Citumwa-tumwa Katazya Katazizya Ku Kwa Nsi Igande Yoka Fwaka Sunu Kalolomi Kanwe Antomwe Limwi Antomwe a Matoilete Ideede Madede Madeede Cifwumo Ijuunza Junza Ozona Chitonga Citonga Misamuyacitonga Lulimi Mulaka Sunu kwasiya Vwula Cibelesyo Zibelesyo Lino Linya Bubanje Ajulu Atala Insonje Kapampu Lutantambeba Mazapuzapu Fulwe Inkaku Inondo Nondo Tundulula Syolomba Muyoba Ampasyila Guma Domba Yumu Ku Ngaza Dolopo Idolopo Tauni Page 212

Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Preposition Preposition Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Adverb Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Adjective Preposition Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na 6 7 7 7 5 7 Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na 5 Na 12 12 Na Na Na 6 5 6 6 7 5 Na Na 7 7 4 11 3 5 Na 7 8 5 Na 14 5 5 5 12 11 6 1 5 5 9, 10 Na Na 3 Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Toxicities Trace a sign Track Trade Tradition Traditional family planning ways Traditional healers Traditional leaders Traditions Traditions Traditions Traditonal stool Train Train oxen Trample Trample Translate Transmission Transmission Transplant Transplant Transplant Transport Transport Trap Trash Travel Travel quickly Traveller Treat Treat an invalid Tree Tree Tree bark Tree name Tremble Trench Trenche Tribal marks Tribe Trim Trip Trip (intransitive) Trot Trouble Trouble Trouble for Trouble maker Trousers Trousers Truly Truly Truly Trumpet Trumpet Trumpet Trunk Trunk of elephant Trust Trustworthy Truth Try Try Try

English-Tonga Zintu zikoola Enga Tobela Sambala Cilengwa Kulesya kumita Bang'anga Basololi bamuminzi Bakkale Tumpiyo Tunsiyansiya Cuuno cambwabikasa Citima Tambisya Lyata Lyataula Sandula Kuyambukila Kuyambukizya Simpulula Simpulula Syanga Bweza Zyeendelo Teya Dooti Enda Endesya Silweendo Silika Silika Cisamu Musamu Makwa Zyina zyamusamu Bimba Lulindi Lulindi Insalunsalu Musyobo Gonkolola Nontola Leba Cunka-cunka Mapyopyongano Penzya Penzezya Malikopo Buluke Bulukwe Kasimpe Malaa Nconzyo Impeta Minteelule Mweemba Cisiko Mubomba Lusyomo Syomeka Lusinizyo Kkoma Koma Soleka Page 213

Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Adverb Adverb Adverb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb

8 Na Na Na 7 15 2 2 2 13 13 7 7 Na Na Na Na 15 15 5 Na Na Na 8 Na 5 Na Na 1 Na Na 7 3 6 8 Na 11 11 5 1 Na Na Na Na 6 Na Na 6 14 14 Na Na Na 9 3 3 7 3 11 Na 11 Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Try a case in court Try continuously Try various ways Tsetse fly Tubal ligation Tuberculosis (tb) Tuesday Tumour Turkey Turn Turn around Turn ones back Turn ones back on Turn over Turn over Turn upside down Turn upside down Turn upside down Turtle Tusk Twice Twig Twigs Twilight Twilight Twilight Twine Twins Twins Twist arms behind the back Two Two Type Type Type of dance Type of dance Type of hard grownd nut Type of herb Type of herb used as relish Type of masabe dance Type of masabe dance Type of masabe dance Type of masabe dance Type of masabe dance Type of masabe dance Type of mushroom Type of nut Type of plant Type of relish Type of shrub Type of solo singing Type of spirit possesion Type of thorny cucumber Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree

English-Tonga Zeka Sunda Sundauka Luunka Kwaanga luzyalo lwamukaintu Kakwekwe Bwabili Cikoto Kalukuluku Nyona Zyokolola Futatila Takata Salamuna Vwundamuna Bbindamuna Bindamuna Sulamika Inkaka Munyanga Tobilo Katabi Buyeeye Kadinakadina Lubundubundu Luubeube Ikooye Maanga Mayanga Pindula Bili Obile Luzubo Musyobo Cizapule Ndikiti Nyemu mbwiila Libondwe Ibondww Bamooba Bungetengele Cigome Cisoongo Majilijili Mweendanjangula Mukupwi Inyemu Kampubu Mundyoli Mucinga Kuyabila Masabe Ikkwaambala Litobo Moongwe Mubombo Mububa Mubungabunga Mung'ongo Mupondo Musamba Musekese Musibi Musikili Page 214

Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Number Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Adjective Number Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Na Na Na 11 15 12 14 7 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 3 Na 12 14 12 11 11 5 6 6 Na Na Na 11 1 7 5 5 5 5 2 14 7 7 6 3 3 5 12 3 3 15 6 5 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Type of valley dance Type of wild cat Type of wild orange Type of wild orange Type of womens dance Tyre Udder Ugly Ulcer Ululation Umbilical cord Umbilical cord Umbrella Umbrella Unbend Unbutton Uncle Uncle (polite) Uncles Uncoil Uncooked Uncover Uncut branch Under Underneath Underneath Understand Understand Understand eachother Understand thoroughly Underwear Underwear Underweight Underweight Undo a seam Undress Unfasten Unfold Unfold Unhook Uniform Unity University Unless Unlucky Unlucky person Unmarried person Unmask Unripe, hard or knotty thing Unscented Unsheathe Untie Untie Untie Until Until Until Until Until Unwell Unwind Unwrap Unyoke Up to

English-Tonga Ciyeema Sibandilwaabana Intamba Iwi Cikaambekaambe Itailo Ibbele Bi Cilonda Ngoloolo Lukombokombo Lulila Ambulela Kaluli Kotamuka Kopolola Acaleco Bacisya Bacisya Dabununa Tete Bbununa Mutabi Munsi Kunsi Mujungusi a Mvwa Swiilila Mvwana Mvwisya Cisani cakunsi Kabbudula Kutalema Kuubauba Dabununa Samununa Kopolola Petulula Vwungulula Lobola Yunifoomu Bomwe Univesiti Ccita kuti Bula coolwe Simalwezya Nabutema Bbununa Makoto Kutanunkilila Somonona Angulula Angununa Tazula Kusikila Kusikila Limwi Mane Mane kusikila Nyumanyuma Zambulula Vwungulula Kulula Kusikila Page 215

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Adjective Verb Noun Preposition Locative Locative Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Adjective Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Conjunction Preposition Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Adjective Verb Verb Verb Preposition

7 1 5 5 7 5 5 Na 7 9, 10 11 11 5 13 Na Na 1 2 2 Na Na Na 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 14 7 Na Na 1 1 Na 6 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No Yes No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Upbraid Uproot Upset Urethra Urge Urinate Urinate (pass water) Urinate on Urine Urine Usage (habit) Use Use Use for sacrifice Use foul language Use foul language in altercation Use of sterilized cutting tools Use subterfuge Use to build Use to cut Use to hold Use to smoke Useful Usually Uterus Utter Vaccinate Vaccination Vagina Vagina Vaginal fluid Vaginal insertion Vaginal secretion Valley Valley dance Valuable thing Vanish Vanish intermittently Various Vasectomy Veal Vegetable Vegetables Veld Veld Veld Venue Verandah Verandah Verandah Verandah Verandah poles Vermin Vervet monkey Very Very cold Very much Very much Very much Very near Very soft Very sweet Very very small Very well

English-Tonga Bwenta Simpula Nyonganya Kasubilo Tonta-tonta Suba Tila meenda Subila Meenzyo Munsyu/Minsyu Citengwa Belesya Sebenzya Payizya Tukila Tukana Kubelesya zibelesyo ziteelende Nyonanyona Yasya Tenzya Jatya Fwebya Cilaa mulimo Cikoboko Cizyalilo Ncobeni Yasa Kuyasa nyeleti Intoto Mpako yantoto Meenda akubukaintu Kulimbana kubukaintu Kuzwa meenda Musena Budima Cintu cidula Zela Zelazela Andene-andene Kwaanga luzyalo lwamwalumi Nyama yamoombe Cisyumani Imbewu Cisuwo Ilundu Isokwe Cisyiko Duze Iduze Kkoce Muduze Cicinda Tulumaluma Ceta Cinicini Tontola siko Bumbi Kabiibi Maningi Munsi munsi Bomba bomba None Tuniininiini Mbubo Page 216

Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Phrase Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Adjective Adverb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Adjective Adverb Adverb Adverb Preposition Adjective Adjective Adjective Interjection

Na Na Na 12 Na Na Na Na 6 3 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na 15 5 5 6 15 15 3 14 7 Na Na Na 15 5 7 5 7 5 5 7 5 5 5 3 7 13 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Very white Vesico vagina fistual Vest Vestibule Vet Vet Vie Vie for Village Village Village Village Villagers Violet tree snake Viper Virgin Virus Visit Visit Visit Visit Visitor Visualization Vitamins Vitamins Vlei Voice Voluntary Volunteer Volunteer Vomit Vulnerable people Vulture Vulva Wag hips Wager Wagon Wailling Waist Waist Waist Wait Wait Wait for Wake someone Wake up Walk Walk Walk about in expensive clothes Walk hard Wall Wall opposite door Wallow Walls Wander about Wander about Wandering about Want Want Want very much Wanted War War Wares

English-Tonga Tuba-buu Kwaanduka Inkausu Cinena Dokotela Musilisi wabanyama Indana Zundana Cuundu Munzhi Munzi Mushi Bamuminzi Kakuni Cisasa Muumbulu Kazunda kasyupa Endeenda Lingula Pelela Vwakaca Mweenzu Yeyeela Mavitamini Vitamini Musena Ijwi Akuliyandila Libenga Sikulyaaba Luka Bapengede Sikube Ntoto Ning'ina Bejelana Ing'ola Miyowe Cibuno Lunengu Mucibuno Linda Lindila Lindila Busya Buka Enda Enda amaulu Vwubaila Endesya Bwaanda Nsanza Alabana Bwaanda Ingayila Zunga Ensengana Yanda Zanda Yandisya Yandika Inkondo Lumamba Makwebo Page 217

Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun

Na 15 5 7 1 1 Na Na 7 3 3 3 2 1 7 1 12 Na Na Na Na 1 5 6 5 3 5 Na Na 1 Na 2 1 5 Na Na 9 4 7 Na 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 5 Na 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 11 6

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na

Warm Warm Warm by the fire Warmth Warn Wart Wart Warthog Warthog Wash Wash Wash (clothes, etc) Wash place Wasp Waste Waste Watch television Watchman Water Water Water Water Water Water affairs worker Water borne Water buck Water buck Water can Water hole Water plants Water quality Water quantity Water related diseases Water source Wattle Wattle with Wattles Wave Wave (of the sea, lake, etc) Wax Way Way Way We We We also, with us We also, with us We ourselves Weak Weak person Weal Wealth Weaned child Weaned child Weaning Wear Wear out Weave Weave Weaving Wedding Wedding Wedge in Wednesday

English-Tonga Kasaazya Nkumba Yota mulilo Kasaansa Laya Impu Inkondo Munjile Sinkoli Samba Sanzya Wasya Cakusambila Inko Bukome Sangaula Ebela Sipekupeku Mulonda Iida Maanshi Maanzi Meenda Meenzhi Simeenda Kwiinda meenda Naluvwi Sicikulo Nkeni Cikala Ida Bubotu bwameenda Bunji bwameenda Malwazi ajatikene kumaanzi Kuzwa maanzi Lubalo Banzya Imbalo Peka Iyuwe Bunzuka Inshila Inzila Nzila Iswe Uswe Aswe Aswebo Tobeni Teteete Mukoozu Muvwundu Bwami Mulesi Mulesi Kulesya Sama Mana Luka Osa Kusuma Bwiinga Mucado Kwikka Bwatatu Page 218

Verb Adjective Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun

Na Na Na 12 Na 9 5 3 1 Na Na Na 7 5 14 Na Na 1 Na 6 6 6 6 1 Na 1 1 5 7 Na 14 14 6 15 11 Na Na Na 5 14 5 5 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na 1 3 14 1 1 15 Na Na Na Na 15 14 3 Na 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Ns Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Weed Weed Weed using cultivator Weeds Week Week Week Weep bitterly Weevil Welcome Well Well Well Well Well Well Well digger Well dressed person Well improvement West Western culture Wetland What about... What are they doing? What if What is that? What time is it? What? What? What? Whatever Wheel Wheel a bicycle Wheelbarrow Wheelbarrow Wheeze When When When it dawns When they are still on the journey When things cannot be controlled When? Whenever Where Where Where? Where? Where? Where? Whereas Whether Which Which Which While Whip Whip Whipping Whirlwind Whisper Whistle Whistle Whistle White

English-Tonga Fukila Sakwida Kolobeka Insaku Insondo Mvwiki Nsondo Lilisya Musunse Tambula Bwaanda Cikala Cikkeyi Kabotu Mugodi/Cikala Mugonti Simigoti Mupaale Kubambulula mugonti Kumbo Bukowa Musena Ino Batyani Kubona Ncinzi eeciya? Ciindi nzi Inzi Nshi Nzi? Kufwumbwa Ivwili Kuba Ingolovwani Wilibbala Vwiima Naa Ni Kabuca Nobacaalimbide masaka Mpozitajatiki Lili Lyoonse naa Alao I? Ali? Kuli? Kwi Yi? Anu Na Inzi Lye Nzi? Kumwi Ciswepu Mukwilo Cikwibbukwibbu Kambizi Petekezya Idweba Ludweba Siba Tuba Page 219

Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Question Question Conjunction Question Question Question Question Question Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Conjunction Conjunction Phrase Phrase Phrase Question Adverb Adjective Question Question Question Question Question Conjunction Conjunction Question Question Question Conjunction Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Adjective

Na Na Na 5 5 3 5 Na 1 Na 14 7 7 Na 3 3 1 1 15 Na 14 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 15 5 Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 3 7 12 Na 5 11 Na Na

No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

White ant White eyed White flying ants out in december White man Whiten Whither Who are they Who is it? Who? Who? Who? Whoever Why Why? Why? Widow Width Wife of Wild boar Wild cat Wild cat Wild dog Wild fruit like masuku Wild grass Wild orange Wild oranges Wild pig Wild pig Wild plants Wildebeest Win Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind around Wind screen Wind-break Window Wing Wink Winnow Winnowing basket Wipe Wipe away Wipe nose Wisdom Wish Wish ill Witch Witch doctor Witchcraft Witchdoctor medicine With publicity With them With wide horns Wither Wither Within Without Without Withstand

English-Tonga Munanze Cituba meso Inswa Mukuwa Tubya Nyananyana Mbibani Nguni Mbaani Mbabani Ni Uuli oonse Kutyeni Nceeboshi Nkaambo nzi Nabutema Kukomena Muka Munyembwa Insimba Muzuzi Umpe Inundu Masanga Maabu Manizimbilili Muuma Sicipongo Malizwida Munyumbwe Zunda Igwo Luwo Mpeyo Muuwo Muwa Muwo Zambayila Cibalu Lukwakwa Windo Ibbaba Fwinyafwinya Pupulula Cisuwa Pukuta Sansamuna Mina Busongo Yanda Zonda Mulozi Mucape Bulozi Cifwunda ng'anga Antangalala Abo Mukwaali Neta Puutana Mukati Kakunyina Kunyina Zyandamina Page 220

Noun Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Question Question Question Question Question Noun Question Question Question Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb Demonstrative Adjective Verb Verb Preposition Adverb Adverb Verb

1 Na 5 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 3 Na Na Na 1 15 1 1 5 1 1 5 6 6 6 1 1 6 1 Na 5 11 5 3 3 3 Na 7 11 5 5 Na Na 7 Na Na Na 14 Na Na 1 1 14 7 Na 2 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Wits Wizard Woman Woman Woman who has born children Womb Women Women's club Women's rights Wonder Wood Wood (forest) Wood carver Wood planks Wood sticks Wooden ladle Woodlot Woodpecker Woodpecker Wool Word Word Word Words Work Work Work Work Work Work for Work hard Worker Worker Worker Workers World World Worn out trousers Worry Worry Worship Wound Wound Wound Wrap Wrap Wrap Wrap around Wrap up Wrap up Wrap up Wrap up Wrapper Wrestling Wretched person Wriggle Wristlet Write Writhe Wrong Yard Yard (measurement) Yard (place) Yawn

English-Tonga Maanu Mulozi Mukaintu Mwanakazi Mutumbu Ida Bamakaintu Kabungwe kabamakaintu Nguzu zyabamakaintu Iseese Nkuni Cisaka Mubezi Mapulanga Zisamu Muungo Sokwe Simugomagoma Simugomampako Boya Bbala Ibbala Ijwi Mabala Beleka Kutauka Mulimo Ncito Sebenza Belekela Onda Musabenzi Shimilimo Similimo Babelesi Inyika Nyika Ciluke Bilika Penga Fugamina Cicisa Yasa Yasaula Bbudaila Putayila Vwungaila Zinguluka Bbudaila Vungayila Vwunga Vwungaila Citenge Tingaana Mupenzi Culuba Incoko Lemba Syolomba Lubizya Lubuwa Intaamu Bbuwa Asamuka Page 221

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb

6 1 1 1 1 5 2 12 10 5 5 7 1 6 8 3 1 1 1 14 5 5 5 6 Na Na 3 5 Na Na Na 1 Na 1 2 5 5 7 Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na 1 Na 9 Na Na Na 11 5 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

English-Tonga

Yawn Yaws Ye Ye Ye Ye, you Year Yeast Yell Yellow Yellow Yes Yes (positive affirmation) Yes (positive affirmation) Yesterday Yesterday Yesterday Yoke Yoke Yoke Yonder Yonder Yonder Yonder Yonder Yonder, that yonder Yonder, those yonder You You You (plural) You also You also You have sold me You yourselves Young maize Young male Young man Young nursing mother Young person Young woman Younger brother Youngster Your enemy Your father Your friends Your in laws Your mother Your relative Yourself Yourselves Zambezi river Zebra Zebra Zebra Zigzag

Mwaawu Bunono Inywe Mwebo Nywebo Umwe Mwaka Mimena Kwiila Mungunga waji Mutuntula Inzya Ee Ii Ijilo Jilo Ozona Ijoko Joko Sunga Aalya Bolya Kolya Kulya Okuya Cilya Balya Mwebo Nywebo/Yebo Inywe Anywe Anywebo Munduuzye Nubeni Bunsonje Musankwa Mulombe Mutumbu Mukubusi Musimbi Muce Mwanike Sinkondonyoko Uso Benzinyoko Bamabwaako Kulinywe Musazinyoko Omweni Nobeni Lwizi Cibize Cibizi Imbizi Petauka

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Verb Noun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Interjection Affirmation Interjection Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Phrase Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Pronoun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb

Na 14 5 Na Na Na 3 4 Na 3 Na 5 Na Na 5 5 Na 5 5 Na 6 14 Na Na Na 7 2 Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na 14 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 15 1 Na Na 11 7 7 9 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na M Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na I Na M Na M I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Grammar

Tonga-English English-Tonga

Grammar Section

Page 223

Nouns Class Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Class 7 Class 8 Class 9

Noun mu ba mu mi I, ma ci zi n

Adjective mu ba mu mi li ma ci zi n

Verb u ba u i li a ci zi i

Class 10 Class 11 Class 12 Class 13 Class 14 Class 15 Class 16 Class 17 Class 18

n lu ka tu bu ku ku mu a

zi lu ka tu bu ku ku mu a

zi lu ka tu bu ku ku mu a

Irreg. Adjective u ba u i li a ci zi i

Irreg. Verb wa ba wa ya lya a ca zya ya

Plural? Plural of No NA Yes Class 1 No NA Yes Class 3 No NA Yes Class 5, 15 No NA Yes Class 7 No NA

zi zya Yes Class 9 lu lwa No NA ka ka No NA tu twa Yes Class 12 bu bwa No NA ku kwa No NA ku kwa No NA mu mwa No NA a a No NA Grammatical notes Add 'si' to an infinative to make a noun meaning 'one who does [the action of the infinitive] The infinitive of a verb is a type of noun (class 15) that is equivalent to the gerund in English Changing the class of a noun changes the meaning Noun Class Descriptions Class 1 People and animal nouns Class 2 Plural of Class 1, also used to denote respect Class 3 Non-animal or person nouns beginning with MU Class 4 Plural of Class 3 Class 5 Nouns beginning with I or are corrupted Class 6 Plural of Class 5 and certain other groups of nouns Class 7 Inanimate objects and nouns beginning with CI Class 8 Plural of Class 7 Class 9 Nouns beginning with NG' Class 10 Plural of Class 9 Class 11 Abstract concept nouns and nouns beginning with LU Class 12 Diminutive nouns and nouns beginning with KA Class 13 Plural of Class 12 Class 14 Collective nouns and nouns beginning with BU Class 15 Gerunds (Verbal nouns) and nouns beginning with KU Class 16 Locative Class for 'Ku' Class 17 Locative Class for 'Mu' Class 18 Locative class for 'A' Page 224

Demonstratives

Demonstratives Class 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Near

Far

Far Away

ooyu

ooyo

ulya

aaba

aabo

abaya

ooyu

ooyo

ulya

eeyi

eeyo

ilya

eeli

eelyo

eliya

aaba

aayo

aalya

eeci

eeco

eciya

eezi

eezyo

eeziya

eeyi

eeyo

ilya

eezi

eezyo

eeziya

oolu

oolo

oluya

aaka

aako

akaya

ootu

ooto

otuya

oobu

oobo

obuya

ooku

ooko

okuya

ooku

ooko

okuya

oomu

oomo

omuya

aawa

aawo

aalya

Locative Demonstrative Near Not Far Far Far Away

Ku

Mu

A

okuno right here ooku that side ooko there ookuya over there

omuno inside here oomo in here omuya in there oomuya in over there

aano right here aawo right there alya there aalya over there

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Verbs

Verbs Verb To Be: 'kuba' / 'li' Tense Rule

Past

Present

Future

Pp + aka + li

Pp + li

Pp + ya + kuba

Tense Marker

Tense

Regular Verbs a ali aka akali la la la yaku ya na

Rule

Past Tenses Recent Past Pp + a + root + a Recent Past Continuous Pp + ali + infinitive Remote Past Pp + aka + root + a Remote Past Continuous Pp + akali + infinitive Present Tenses Present Continuous Pp + la + root + a Habitual Pp + la + root + a Future of Today Pp + la + root + a Idea of Motion Pp + yaku + infinitive Future Tenses Future Beyond Today Pp + ya + infinitive Future Continuous Pp + na + infinitive

Notes past of today past, with 'ing' past before today a past habit being done a habit future of today done right after speaking future after today a future habit

Negation Tense Rule

Recent Past Ti + Pp + Root + a

Type Rule

Strong Root

Extension intensive causative reflexive reciprocative conditional applicative reversive repetitive perfective neuter potential completive neuter reversive neuter repetitive frequentive neuter frequentive passive

Rule Verb + isya Verb + ya, Verb + isya Pp + li + root + ila Verb + ana Ni + Verb Pp + tense + Ob + Root + ila Verb +ula, Verb + ulula Verb + ulula Verb + ilila Verb + ika Verb + ide Verb + uka, Verb + uluka Verb + uluka Verb + aula Verb + auka Verb + wa, Verb + igwa

Future of Today Ta + Pp + Kwe + Infinitive

All Others Ta + Tense + Pp + Root + I

Imperative/Horative Weak Pp + Root + e

Polite A + Pp + Root + e

Verb Extensions Transitive? yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes no no yes no yes

Use or Idea intensity cause to do, do with do for self do for eachother If' statement, conditional do for another undo the action repetition to the utmost can be done, easy to do completely do undo, be undone repetition add or accumulate over time add or accumulate over time passive voice

General Rule: Pp + TM + OB + Root + Extension Letter

I's become

Vowel and Consonant Harmony 'u's become

a e I o u m n other consonants

I e I e I NA NA NA

u o u o u NA NA NA

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'L's become NA NA NA NA NA n n L

Pronouns

Pronouns Personal Tonga n ndi mu ba tu ba

Reflexive Noun Class Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Class 7 Class 8 Class 9 Class 10 Class 11 Class 12 Class 13 Class 14 Class 15 Class 16 Class 17 Class 18

English I I you he, she, it we they

Emphatic Tonga mebo nyebo aaba swebo aaba

English me you him, her us/we they/them

Possessive* Tonga -angu -enu -abo -esu -abo

English my yours his, hers ours theirs

*Act like adjectives

Tonga mo mbo mo myo ndyo mo nco nzo no nzo mlo nko nto mbo nko nko mo no

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Separable Tonga English ndime me ndinywe you aaba him, her ndiswe us/we aaba they/them

Adjectives

Adjectives Type Regular Irregular Verbal Irregular Verbal

Derived From

Prefix to Use

NA

Adjective

Verbs

Irregular

Verbs

Verb

Nouns

Irregular Verb

Page 228

Phrasebooks

Tonga-English English-Tonga

Phrase-Book Section

Page 229

Survival Guide

Survival phrases English

Tonga

Hello! How are you I am fine We are fine Mother, how are you? Father, how are you? Welcome Welcome Thank you Thank you Good morning Good day Good evening Good night What is your name My name is... What is his/her name? I come from america I come from america I am american Where in america? The state of... What will you do? What will you do? I will be doing... I want hot water I want cold water I want food I want to go to... I want to sleep I want... Please give me water to drink Please give me... I am feeling I feel Where is the bus going This bus is going to... Where is the bus that goes to... How far It is... How much to... When is it leaving It leaves at I want to buy... How much is... I want... Do you have... I am sorry Excuse me Sorry Please help me I dont speak tonga very well I am trying to learn Sorry, i didn't hear

Kamwaamba Muli buti Ndili kabotu Tuli kabotu Muli buti bamaama Muli buti bataata Mwabonwa Amusike Twalumba Ndalumba Mwabuka buti Mwalibizya buti Kwasiya buti Moone kabotu Hena zyina lyenu ndinywe baani? Zyina lyangu ndima … Hena zyina lyabo aaba? Ndili muna amelika Ndili waku amelika Ndili muna amelika Kuli mu amelika? Mumunzi wa... Mulimo nzi ngomuna kubeleka? Hena munakubeleka mulimo nzi Ninakubeleka mulimo wa... Ndiyanda meenda aapya Ndiyanda meenda aatontola Ndiyanda cakulya Ndiyanda kuunka ku... Ndiyanda koona Ndiyanda... Amundipe meenda kunvwa Amundipe... Ndimvwa Ndamvwa Hena bbasi lyuunka kuli Eci bbasi lyuunka ku... Hena lili kuli bbasi lyuunka ku... Nkule buti? Ngu... Mali nzi ku... Lilanyamuka ciindi nzi Lilanyamuka aa Ndiyanda kuula... ...mali nzi Ndiyanda Hena mulijisi... Ndausa Amundijatile Amundijatile Amundigwasye Tandaambauli citonga kabotu Ndilasola kwiiya Amundijatile, tindamvwa Page 230

Survival Guide Sorry, i don't understand How do you say... in tonga Please say again Please repeat No Yes Yes Yes News Father Mother Mother Man Woman Woman Thank you Name Sister Brother Who Work To buy Sorry Excuse me To help Help Please To say But To try Little Much Much Slowly Again More To correct To correct Often Cold Hot To sleep To go Spoon Plate Soap Lamp Matchbox Drinking water Give me I am feeling Hungry Sickness Sickness Pain Thirst I am tired

Amundijatile, tandimvwa Hena muti nzi … mu citonga Amundijatile, amwambe alimwi Amundijatile, amwindulule Peepe Ii Ee Inzya Makani Bataata Bamaama Baama Mwalumi Mukaintu Mwanakazi Ndalumba Zyina Mucizyi Munyinandumi Mbaani Mulimo Kuula Amundijatile Amundijatile Kugwasya Lugwasyo Ndakomba Kwamba Pesi Kusola Asyoonto Maningi Pati Asyoonto-syoonto Alimwi Kwiindilila Kubambulula Kugwasya Kanji-kanji Tontola Pya Koona Kuunka Sipunu Mutiba Nsipa Lampe Cikwama camanchisi Meenda akunywa Amundipe Ndimvwa Nzala Bulwazi Kuciswa Kucisa Nyota Ndakatala Page 231

Survival Guide

How many Please leave To leave To arrive Fruits Children House To cook To bathe To rest To want Where? To have I don't want To drink Quickly

Ongaye Amunyakuke Kunyamuka Kusika Micelo Bana Ng'anda Kujika Kusamba Kupumuna Kuyanda Kuli? Kujisi Tandiyandi Kunywa Kufwambaana

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Time

Time phrases English

Tonga

What time is it? It is... O'clock At Around Yesterday Today Tomorrow Tomorrow Day Month Week Year Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Saturday Cold season Cold season Hot season Rainy season Morning Morning Afternoon Afternoon Night

Ciindi nzi? Ngu... Kuloko A Kuma Jilo Sunu Cifwumo Junza Buzuba Mwezi Nsondo Mwaka Nsondo Muvwulo Bwabili Bwatatu Bwane Bwasanu Mujibelo Nsabata Mpeyo Mupeyo Cilimo Mainza Cifwumofwumo Kuseni Kumazuba Maswyikati Masiku

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Shopping

Shopping phrases English

Tonga

Do you have... How much is... How much is this I want What is this How much for (number) Thats expensive! Please lower the price a bit I dont have (number) kwatcha I only have (number) kwatcha How much for all of this I will pay (number) kwatcha I have bought many things Please give me a bonus

Hena muli jisi... Mali nzi... Mali nzi eeci Ndiyanda Hena ncinzi eeci (number) mali nzi Muulo wayuma! Amujosye asyoonto Tandijisi (number) kwatcha Ndijisi buyo (number) kwatcha Antoomwe mali nzi Ndilamupa (number) kwatcha Ndaula zintu zinji Amundipe mbasela

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Travel

Travel phrases English

Tonga

North South East West Left Right To turn Road Car To walk To bike The road forks How can i get to... To leave To disembark To arrive To follow Middle In front In back In back Where To end Until Near

Kunyika Kumusanza Kujwe Kumbo Kulumwesyi Kululyo Kuyona Mugwagwa Motokala Kwenda Kuccovwa Mpowandanina Hena inka ndaunka anzi ku.... Kuzwa Kuseluka Kusika Kutobela Akati Kumbele Kusule Kunze Kuli Kumana Mane Fwaafwi

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Family

Family phrases English

Tonga

Mother Father Son Daughter Sister Sister Brother Aunt Uncle Nephew Niece Grandfather Grandmother How are you, ….? Where is... Have you eaten What does … do How old are you

Bamaama Bataata Mwana musankwa Mwana musimbi Mucizi Mucizyi Munyinandumi Bamaama bamwi Bacisya Mujwa musankwa Mujwa musimbi Basyanene Banene Muli buti, …. Hena...bali kuli Mwalya … mulimo nzi Hena mujisi myaka yongaye

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Peace Corps

Peace corps phrases English

Tonga

Peace corps is an organization that helps people To develop in different ways

Peace corps nkabunka kagwasya bantu Munzila mulusumputo zyandene-andene

What will you do to help people here in the village?

Hena muyakugwasya buti bantu mumunzi omuno?

We will teach each other about many things

Tunakwiisyana azya zintu zinji

Does peace corps provide money?

Hena peace corps lilapa mali?

No peace corps does not give money

Peepe, peace corps taipi mali, pe

How many goals does peace corps have?

Hena peace corps ijisi zikomo zyongaye?

Peace corps has 3 goals

Peace corps ijisi zikomo zyotatwe

First, the american government helps people In many countries in development

Cakusanguna, cisi caku amelika kugwasya bantu Muzisi zinji mu lusumpuko

Second, americans learn about other cultures

Cabili, bana amelika kwiiya tunisiya-nsiya Twamasi ambi

Third, americans teach others about their culture

Catatu, bana amelika kwiisya tunsiya-nsiya Twabo kumasi ambi?

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CHIP

Tonga Kuliimya Kuzumina Bulimi Lugwasyo Kuceya bulowa Swena Bukkale Zijanwa mo Kusuba bulowa Kulibambila kwakutumbuka Kutantaanya kuzyala Kubila Yeeya Nyonsya Mukupa wakunkolo Cikukuzyo Yaka Kulanga Kubika kulolini Kulolini Kugonkolola Mubelesi wacibbadela Kuzyiba munzi Buyumuyumu Muzuka Kupanga muzuka Mupila Kubelesya mupila Maseseke Kuyobola Kuyambukilwa Kuzyibila Kuyumayuma Kuyumyayumya Wakubeleka anduwe Lima Tunsiyansiya Lufwu Kwaabanya Kumaninwa maanzi mumubili Kutondezyo kwiinda mukucita Kupima Buyumuyumu Kugaya mumubili Kutainda mumbali Lusaluluzi Kuyanika Kusikilizya Kupa ng'uzu Kwelana Kupima Cikozyanyo Maambukwa Kusyomeka Mukwasyi Kubaabana aciindi ceelede Mpulazi Mafuta Ambila Loozi Zuzya

Chip technical vocabulary English Part of speech Abstinence Acceptance Agriculture Aid Anaemia Approach Behaviour Benefits Bilharzia Birth plan Birth spacing Boiling Brainstorming Breast feed Breast milk Broom Build Care Chlorination Chlorine Circumcision Clinic worker Community mapping Complications Compost Composting Condom Condom use Confidentiality Conservation Contamination Coping Counselling Counselling Counterpart Cultivate Customs Death Decentralization Dehydration Demonstration Diagnosis Difficulties Digestion Direct Discrimination Drying Effective Empowerment Equal Evaluation Example Faeces Faithfulness Family Family planning Farm Fats Feedback Fibre Fill Page 238

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Adjective Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb

Class 15 15 14 11 15 5 14 8 15 15 15 15 5 Na 3 7 Na 15 15 15 15 1 15 14 3 15 3 15 6 15 15 15 15 15 6 Na 13 11 15 15 15 15 14 15 Na 11 15 Na 15 Na 15 7 6 15 3 15 5 6 Na 11 Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kuminununa Kuyobola cakulya Balongwe Cisobano Tumbuka Yaka Bbozo Bbolabbola Bwizu Lima Kukwambilila buumi Bangaboyambulakufwombaana Kubula kazunda kansikalileke Kuba akazunda kansikalileke Mwaalumi Muzeezo Ng'uzu zyamubili Kufwa kwabana Kusanganya zisyango Zigwasilizyo Yobola malembe Kusuma Busololi Nzila yakwiiya Yiisya Kuswaanganya Ciindi cilamfwu Cifwumu Muswaangano Masenya Zyaano Ziyandika Kupima ziyandika Kuzyibizyanya Mbunga itali yamfwulumende Kutabona kabotu misiku Busani Mapenzi ajanwa Ciindi Kabunga Kutola lubazu Bayanzene Kumubili Nsikila Anjilila mulwazi Kukkala kamupakamene Kuzyiba mapenzi Buvwuule Kusalazya Ziyandika Jata musimbi Kujata musimbi Bwakujika Malembe Kwiindulula alimwi Luvwano Bulemu Buumi bwenu boonse Zitondezyo Ziyoosya Zibeela Kwiinda mumbali Mumunzi Maanzi aali kabotu

CHIP Filtering Food security Friends Game Give birth Glow Goitre Gonorrhoea Grass Grow Healthcare High risk Hiv negative Hiv positive Husband Idea Immune system Infant deaths Intercropping Interventions Keep records Knitting Leadership Learning styles Lecture Linking Long term Measles Meeting Mosquito Myths Needs Needs assessment Networking Ngo Night blindness Nutrition Obstacles Opportunity Organization Participation Partners Physical Pneumonia Ports of entry Positive living Problem identification Prostitution Purification Qualities Rape Raping Recipe Records Relapse Relationship Respect Rest of your life Results Risks Roles Round-about Rural Safe water Page 239

Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Adjective Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Phrase Noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Noun

15 15 2 7 Na Na 5 5 14 Na 15 Na Na Na 1 3 9 15 15 8 Na 15 14 10 5 15 7 7 3 6 8 8 15 15 5 15 14 6 7 12 15 2 Na 5 6 15 15 14 15 8 Na 15 14 6 15 11 14 Na 8 8 8 Na Na 6

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

CHIP

Bulondo Bweele Ciyanza Ziindi zyamwaka Meenda akubwaluumi Zyibya Nzinswe Kusalazya kwakoonana Kuyambukilakwiindamukoonana Tusobano Mubukkale Zigwasyizya Kubaubilwa kunjila mumapenzi Ubilwaubilwa Zitondezyo Kanswende Kumuka Bang'anga Bukale Tunsiyansiya Kuyambukila Kuyambukizya Kuyasa nyeleti Meenda akubukaintu Muumbulu Yeyeela Mavitamini Kwiinda meenda Bubotu bwameenda Bunji bwameenda Malwazi ajatikene kumaanzi Kuzwa maanzi Kulesya Kubambulula mugonti Nguzu zyabamakaintu

Sanitation Scabies Scenario Seasons Semen Sensitize Sex organs Sexual cleansing Sexually transmitted disease Sketches Social Support systems Susceptible Susceptible Symptoms Syphilis Tardiness Traditional healers Traditions Traditions Transmission Transmission Vaccination Vaginal fluid Virgin Visualization Vitamins Water borne Water quality Water quantity Water related diseases Water source Weaning Well improvement Womens rights

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Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Verb Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

14 14 7 7 6 Na 9, 10 15 15 13 Na 8 Na Na 8 12 15 2 14 13 15 15 15 6 1 5 6 Na 14 14 6 15 15 15 10

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Ns Na Na Na Na

LIFE

Tonga Zyakucita Mbezo Limina Muya Kusyanga Mumibundu Twe Langalanga Bukkale Kembe Musumpo Makwa Nyabo Mibundu Nkuni Kucinca Bube Muzeeso Uluzi Bizya Cakulya Cazifuwa Cikuju Mutabi Zitima Mukonzyanyo Wabbiliki Mba Bekete Kapelo Kununganya Bubesyi Bwamali Mpindu Ula Kabici Kkalenda Kkeni Zyakulya Zipa Nguvu Kufwala Mapulanga Cisyango Campindu Mwanja Nkuku Kusala Sala Bulongo Bube Cibbadela Kabungwe Musuku Kukwabana Minzi Munzi Mulimo Wamumunzi Mbolezi Kubamba Kusyanga Mumibundu Jika Saladi Kusyuuka Ciba Bagwasyilizi Ng'ombe Panga Cikwelete Cisyango Makwisyilili

Life Technical Vocabulary English Part Of Speech Activities Adz Aerate Air Alley Cropping Ash Assess Attitudes Axe Bamboo Bark Beans Beds (agriculture) Bee Behaviour Change Better Decisions Boil Bone Meal Bore-Hole Branche Bricks Bridge Model Brood Bucket Bucket Budding Budget Business Buy Cabbage Calendar Can Carbohydrates Carpentry Cash Crops Cassava Chicken Choice Chose Clay Climate Clinic Club Cob Communication Community Community Community Action Compost Conservation Contour Planting Cook Cooking Oil Coppicing Corral Counterparts Cow Create Credit Crop Crop Residue Page 241

Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun

Class 8 5 Na 3 15 13 Na 14 12 3 6 5 4 5 15 3 Na 7 7 3 8 3 Na 5 12 Na 14 5 Na 5 5 5 8 15 7 3 5 15 Na 14 14 7 12 3 15 4 3 3 5 15 15 Na 5 15 7 2 9 Na 7 7 6

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kucinca-Cinca Kwa Zisyango Katebula Milibo Musena Kuzyana Mwezi Bola Kungonka Masamu Tondezya Lusumbuko Sya Bulwazi Kulima Zisyango Zyaandeene Kwiimpana Zisobano Yandika Cilimo Kwiiya Azya Busena Lwiiyo Kupa Nguzu Nguvu Busena Kweelena Kukokololwa Bwabusani Kumona Mulimo Mbowenda Koneka Muunda Bulimi Kulima Mafuta Lukwakwa Musamu Muundu Inswi Fulawa Luba Ciindi Cabuluba Cakula Cang'ombe Zakulya Nzila Yamaulu Syokwe Mucelo Kanga Nkuni Kumbele Zisobano Lima Mbewu Muunda Muzikke Azya Baalumi Abamakaintu Kweelenyakwa Batata Abamama Mpongo Mfwulumende Kununganya Mani Mbolezi Ndongwe Nyemu Tubungwe Nkanga Tebula Musololi Musankwa Musololi Musimbi Bayi Bapati Bayi Bapati

LIFE Crop Rotation Cropping Cuttings Dambo Dance Date Decomposition Deforestation Demonstration Development Dig Disease Diversification Diversity Drama Dry Dry Season Ecology Education Empowerment Energy Environment Equality Erosion Evaluate Fallow Cropping Farming Farming Fat Fence Fertilizer Field Fish Flower Flower Flowering Season Fodder Food Foot Path Forest Fruit Fry Fuel Future Games Garden Garden Garden Nursery Gender Gender Balance Goat Government Grafting Grass Green Manure Groundnuts Groundnuts Groups Guinea Fowl Harvest Head Boy Head Girl Head Master Head Teacher Page 242

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun

15 12 4 3 15 3 Na 15 5 11 Na 14 15 15 8 Na 7 15 11 15 5 14 15 15 Na 5 14 15 6 11 3 3 5 5 Na 7 7 8 5 3 3 Na 5 15 8 Na 3 3 Na 15 1 5 15 6 5 5 5 13 5 Na 1 1 2 2

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Buumi Cilwi Kasaala Ngoma Yabuci Jamba Dindi Buci Lusyomo Buntususu Mudumu Nzala Kkweelele Kuzyiba Zikomo Mali Aanjila Kulilela Zyakubikka Mumuunda Cuuka Zikolo Zipati Kulobaika Kulobaika Kupandulula Bulembe Bwazintu Bika Mali Mucintu Cakuleta Mpindu Ndekwa Mala Kuluka Ciba Nyika Bumukamwini Busena Milawo Butolo Busololi Siya Matuvwu Kuswanganya Lukwakwa Zivwumbwa Busani Luzibo Kugonka Panga Mapopwe Bulwazi Bwanzala Mbolezi Musika Musena Muswaangano Mbeba Mukupa Nzembwe Busani Cibeela Mudumu Mali Bona Mulimo Mbowenda Ncili Amunsi Vumbila Cilengwa Na Leza Ziyandika Kulangalanga Ziyandika Muzikke Busani Zikomo Mudelele Nyanyisi

LIFE Health Heap Heat Hive Hoe Hole Honey Hope Human Rights Humidity Hunger Husk Identification Of Goals Income Independence Inputs (agriculture) Insect Institutions Integration Intercropping Introduction Inventory Investment Kitchen Waste Knitting Kraal Land Land Tenure Laws Laziness Leadership Leave Leaves Linking Live Fencing Livestock Loam Local Knowledge Lopping Machete Maize Malnutrition Manure Market Marsh Meeting Mice Milk Millet Minerals Ministry Moisture Money Monitor Mortar And Pestle Mulch Natural Needs Needs Assessment Nursery Nutrition Objectives Okra Onions Page 243

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

14 7 12 5 5 5 14 11 14 3 5 5 15 6 15 8 7 8 15 15 15 14 5 5 15 7 5 14 4 14 14 Na 6 15 11 8 14 11 15 5 6 14 5 3 3 3 2 3 5 14 7 3 6 Na 5 5 7 8 15 3 14 8 3 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Muunda Wamicelo Bikka Antoomwe Kusisinkana Muya Kajanika Musololi Aciindi Aciindi Musamu Watuuka Luuka Ngulube Mulwi Dindi Busena Plana Syanga Kusyanga Kkwa Ziyaku Mulawo Kungonka Mitabi Twa Bucete Muulo Cikolo Mapenzi Ciintu Mpindu Kusumpula Zakulya Ziyaka Mubili Zyakulya Ziyakukomena Zijisi Ziyaka Mubili Citende Mwami Mukaintu Wanzuki Sulwe Mvula Mainza Hala Leepu Bacucu Kubamba Malembe Kwiindulula Kumvwana Zibelesyo Uulanga Laisi Mibundu Mulonga Mugwagwa Mukozyanyo Kuba Mukozyanyo Muyanda Bola Busambazi Museenga Yobola Cikolo Kkalenda Yaciindi Camwaka Ciindi Camwaka Cikolo Mbuto Nseke Muzike Ulisya Cimvule

LIFE Orchard Organize Over Population Oxygen (air) Participatory Patron Periodic Basis Pesticide Pests Pig Pile Pit Place Plan Plant Planting Pod Poles Policy Pollarding Pound Poverty Price Primary School Problems Product Profit Promotion Protein Protein Protein Rich Pumpkin Queen Bee Rabbit Rain Rainy Season Rake Rape (relish) Rats Record Keeping Recycling Relationship Resources Responsibility Rice Ridges River Road Role Role Model Root Rot Sales Sand Save School Seasonal Calendar Seasons Secondary School Seed Seed Seedling Sell Shade Page 244

Noun Verb Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Adjective Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun

3 Na 15 3 Na 1 Na 3 11 5 3 5 14 Na Na 15 5 8 3 15 Na 14 3 7 6 7 5 15 8 8 Na 7 3 1 3 6 5 5 2 15 15 15 8 5 15 4 3 3 3 15 3 Na 14 3 Na 7 5 7 7 5 5 3 Na 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

LIFE

Cikala Buulula Kuyupa Yupa Zisyuuko Cintolo Fosholo Seba Bupampu Cikwaakwa Kufulidila Mavwu Ziimbo Maila Mucene Soya Nkanka Talika Cisiko Ntambo Mayake Sicikolo Nzimbe Zuba Malanga Zuba Cimbwali Taala Bayi Tantaanya Lima Mapulanga Ciindi Madeede Zibelesyo Basololi Bamuminzi Syanga Zyeendelo Musamu Zyina Zyamusamu Vitamini Sikulyaaba Iida Meenda Bunzuka Kusuma Mugodi Musena Muwo Lukwakwa Bamakaintu Kabungwe Kabamakaintu Nkuni Sokwe

Shallow Well Shell Shell Shell Shoots Shop Shovel Sieve Skills Slasher Smoke Soil Songs Sorghum Soya Stake Start Stem String Structures Student Sugar Cane Sun Sunflower Sweet Potatoe Tarmac Teacher Thinning Till Timber Time Tomatoes Tools Traditional Leaders Transplant Transport Tree Tree Name Vitamins Volunteer Water Water Wax Weaving Well Wetland Wind Wind-Break Women Women's Club Wood Woodlot

Page 245

Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 Na 15 Na 8 7 5 Na 14 7 15 6 8 6 5 5 Na 7 5 6 1 5 5 6 7 5 2 5 Na 6 7 6 8 2 Na 8 3 8 5 1 Na 6 14 15 3 3 3 11 2 12 5 1

No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

RED

Tonga

RED Technical Vocabulary English Part of speech

Currently no RED Technical Vocabulary

Page 246

Class

Corrupt

Dialect

RAP

Tonga

RAP Technical Vocabulary English Part of speech

Currently no RAP Technical Vocabulary

Page 247

Class

Corrupt

Dialect

PEPFAR

PEPFAR Technical Vocabulary Tonga

English

Cintu cijatikizya mwida Cikoto Kolilimya Kukolilimya Kutakundaana Kuzumina Lukamantano Kutandana kapati Ciyuni Kajuba mazuba Kutakkala Kutaselela Kutatonda Insuwa Kuzeya bulowa Kuzwa bulowa namisyi Kafwiti Nyo Tusinga tubamba namundelele Kukasaala kwamubili Kukundana munyama Cisubilo Kutumpa Matwiza Meendeenda amumubili Kulosya bulowa Inkolo Cikukuzyo Mutoke Kupenzya Kubaba amasina Meendeenda aabukaintu Kaama Kusuba tutaka Mwana Kufwa kwabana Kutantaanya luzyalo Kuzwa bulowa abusina Musilisi muniini Kakongo Kaninka Keembe Cinsema Mansema Kumita Kuzyalwa azilonda Bulowa bujisi tuzunda Cilesya kumita Kutamita Kuzibila Kuyumyayumya Lufwu Ciindi cakusaanguna Kutalika Kuceya Kkwabilila Kukwabilila Kutumbuka Kuzyala Buyumayuma Kutainda mumbali

Abdominal Abscess Abstain Abstinence Abstinence Acceptance Adherence Affectionate Aids Aids Amenorrhea Amenorrhea Amenorrhea Amniotic sac Anaemia Ante partum haemorrhage Anus Anus Bartholin's gland Basal body temperature Bestiality Bladder Blisters Blisters Bodily fluids Break through bleeding Breast Broom Buboes Burden Candidiasis Cervical mucus Cervix Chancroids Child Child mortality Child spacing Chlamydia Clinician Clitoris Clitoris Clitoris Colostrum Colostrum Conception Congenital syphilis Contaminated blood Contraception Contraceptive Coping Counselling Death Debt Debt Decrease Defence Defence Delivery Delivery Difficulties Direct Page 248

PEPFAR Kuyumbulula Kuyuma yuma Kuciswa mwida Kunvwa kuciswa ciindi nosuba Kufwaambana kukwatwa Kugaanyana akutumbuka Kumitila mukasolo Cikwankwa Kusuba Kuzaila Nseke Musamu ukasya kumita Kupa ng'uzu Cikozyanyo Nsinga zyaluzyalo Kuba abana aciindi ceelede Kutantaanya kuzyala Kusanina Luzyalo Kuswangana kwamaji Loozi Kusyomeka Kujana muzeezo Mwana uuli mwida Buumi bwenu boonse Cikanda civwumba museke Balongwe Kukwatana kwabasankwa Tumpu Tuzunda Museke Kuzimba akuzwa masina Kuzimba muntebe Kusuba bulowa Cende kkovu Cicende Putyu Tulonda londa Mulilo waleza Kukundaana Kutijana kwabulowa Banga bayambula kufwaambana Kukundaana Ng'uzu zyamumubili Bu kwabilizi bwa mubili Kucesya ng'uzu mumubili Kutazyala Kukundana mumukowa Kugusya da Kavwanda Kufwa kwabana bacili baniini Kuba amalwazi aandeene aandene Kutazyala Kukubuka Kukuzyika Kukwela Kwaandulwa Kuyobola malembe Milomo yantoto Malepe Kumyongwa Kwaanduka Kusakasya Busololi

Disclosing Dry days Dysmenorrhea Dysuria Early marriages Eclampsia Ectopic pregnancy Eczema Ejaculation Ejaculation Embryo Emergency oral contraceptive Empowerment Example Fallopian tubes Family planning Family planning Feeding Fertility Fertilization Fibre Fidelity Figure out Foetus For the rest of your life Foreskin Friends Gay Genital warts Germs Glans penis (tip of the penis) Gonorrhea Granuloma inguinale Haematuria Hernia Hernia Hernia Herpes simplex Herpes zoster Heterosexual High blood pressure High risk Homosexual Hormones Immunisation Immuno suppressed Impotence Incest Induced abortion Infant Infant mortality Infections Infertility Initiation ceremonies Initiation ceremonies Instrumental delivery Instrumental delivery Keeping records Labia majora Labia minora Labour Laceration Lactation Leadership Page 249

PEPFAR Kukwatana kwamakaintu Ciindi cilamfwu Kuba amafuta acesya kucumbana Kwiingana Kulyoomba Kuuma musyumbwi Malwazi acisa bamakaintu Kufwa ntumbukila Kubeluka Kuyaluka Kutakkala Kutaselela Kutatonda Kukkala Kuselela Kutonda Kukkala Kusela kwalyoonse Kutonda Kaandula mutwe Lusinga lwamutwe Kulila Kuzyalana Zyaano Ziyandika Zyakulya Mupenzi ajanwe Kwiinga Ciindi Kumyonta kuzinswe Kuzimba kwamacende Mubambilwa maji (mayi) aabukaintu Kweenda kwamaji aabukaintu Iji lyabukaintu Bayanzene Bamasela Cipala mwida Tusolo Busamkwa Bwalumi Mweenje Ntoni Kumubili Camacembele Maali Anjilila malwazi Kukkala kamupakamene Kuzwa bulowa bunji kapati Kufwaambana kusuba bweenze Kalobola Tusiinga tubamba mamundelele Buvwuule Kusantula Bbumbu Mafwuzi Kuciswa kwantumbukila Kuzimba Busina Masina Kucileka Kujata musimbi Kwiindulula alimwi Luvwano Zitondezyo

Lesbian Long term Lubricated Malpresentation Masturbation Masturbation Maternal morbidity Maternal mortality Menarche Menarche Menopause Menopause Menopause Menstrual cycle Menstrual cycle Menstrual cycle Menstruation Menstruation Menstruation Migraine Migraine Mourning Multiplying Myths Needs Nutrition Obstacles Obstructed labour Opportunities Oral sex Orchitis Ovary Ovulation Ovum Partners Peers Pelvic inflammatory disease Pelvis Penis Penis Penis Penis Physical Placenta Polygamy Ports of entry Positive living Post partum hemorrhage Premature ejaculation Prolonged periods Prostate gland Prostitution Puberty Pubic bone Pubic hair Puerperal sepsis Pulurant cervicitis Pus Pus Quit Rape (the action) Relapse Relationship Results Page 250

PEPFAR

Ziyoosya Kwiinda mumbali Ciyobwedo camacende Kucileka koonana Bweenze Meendeenda abweense Kuzwa kwa da Kusalazya Koomana Kukundaana Koona kwakoonana Mubukkale Bweenze Nsinga zyeenzya bweenze Kumuuya Kusowa Kulibikila Kasowe Kuba amizeezo Kutakomena Kutalema Zigwasilizya Kudyamininwa Kubaubilwa kujila mumapenzi Zitondezyo Kalonda katacisi Kumuka Kumita ciliya Macende Zintu zikoola Kulesya kumita Bakkale Tunsiyansiya Kuyanbukizya Kwaanga luzyalo lwamukaintu Lukombokombo Lulila Kutalema Kuubauba Kutanunkilila Kasubilo Kubelesya zibelesyo ziteelende Cizyalilo Mpako yantoto Kulimbana kubukaintu Kuzwa meenda Kwaanga luzyalo lwamwalumi Kwaanduka Cinena Muumbula Kazunda kasyupa Mavitamini Ntoto Kulesya

Risks Roundabout Scrotum Secondary virginity Semen Seminal fluids Septic abortion Sexual cleansing Sexual intercourse Sexual intercourse Sexual pleasure Social Sperm Sperm duct Spiritual Spontaneous abortion Stigma Still born Stressed Stunted growth Stunted growth Support systems Suppressed Susceptible Symptoms Syphilis Tardiness Teenage pregnancy Testicle Toxicities Traditional family planning methods Traditions Traditions Transmission Tubal ligation Umbilical cord Umbilical cord Underweight Underweight Unscented Urethra Use of sterilized cutting instruments Uterus Vagina Vaginal insertion Vaginal secretion Vasectomy Vesico vagina fistual Vestibule Virgin Virus Vitamines Vulva Weaning

Page 251

Short Cut Lists

Tonga-English English-Tonga

Short Cut Lists Section

Page 252

All Nouns

Tonga Kalumbu Namulela Masoto Mweesyo Mutuba Ipanga Bbululu Isyeleni Bbubbula Cuude Cikoto Kukolilimya Kulimya Kutakundaana Kuzumina Intenda Ntenda Cilimba Zyakucita Kagoyooyo Lukamantano Mupati Bumambi Mbezo Imbezo Indeke Ndeke Inkani Kaamba Kaambo Makani Comacembele Kumazuba Mangolezya Masyikati Misamuyacitonga Cembaala Mukali Cizuminano Lwiindi Bulimi Lugwasyo Ciyani Ciyuni Egesi Kajuba mazuba Nsikalileke Muya Lubilo Nyanzabili Noonse Nyoonse Kusyanga mumibundu Masendelezya Masendelela Cipayililo Kutakkala Kutaselela Kutatonda Inkulu Insuwa

Nouns English 1 stringed musical bow 8th month of pregnecy A childhood disease A months mind festival A non relative A panga A relative A shilling A strong gust of wind Abcess Abscess Abstinence Abstinence Abstinence Acceptance Accident Accident Accordion Activities Adams apple Adherence Adult Adultery Adz Adze Aeroplane Aeroplane Affair Affair Affair Affairs Afterbirth Afternoon Afternoon Afternoon Aftrican medicine Age Aggressive person Agreement Agricultural festival Agriculture Aid Aids Aids Aids Aids Aids Air Alacrity Algae All of you All of you Alley cropping Allusion Allusions Altar Amenorrhea Amenorrhea Amenorrhea Ammunition Amniotic sac Page 253

Part of speech Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Class 12 5 6 3 3 5 1 5 14 7 7 15 15 15 15 5 5 7 8 12 11 1 14 5 9 5 5 5 12 12 6 7 15 6 6 4 7 1 7 11 14 11 7 7 5 12 5 3 11 5 5 5 15 6 6 7 15 15 15 5 5

Corrupt No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Matiila Kuceya bulowa Kuzeya bulowa Matata Mushimu Muzimu Insiku Bukali Munyama Boya Ikkutu Ingo Incoko Ininga Kumbi Bwiinguzi Cuulu Inenga Nalufwubafwuba Kuzwa bulowa namisyi Simunyeu Cuulu Kafwiti Nyo Nali Uuli oonse Cili coonse Ciwa Swena Mukubwe kaangala Inkazi Kuboko Inkwa Munkwa Maboko Inkondo Kata Twe Twe Zibibi Ciwa Lusangano Mbungano Lugwasyo Mumusika Haakamwale Bukkale Mwaambilwa Baama bamwi Kkotapela Mubaya Caankuni Cileba Kaankuni Kaleba Keembe Kembe Musumali Sokwe Muvwanda Nkungulume Inuma Musana Luvwiyu

All Nouns An edible beetle Anaemia Anaemia Ancestors (of mine) Ancestral spirit Ancestral spirit Ancient times Anger Animal Animal fur Animal skin Ankle Anklet Anklet Another place Answers Ant Ant bear Ant-bear Ante partum haemorrhage Anteater Anthill Anus Anus Any person Anyone Anything Appearance Approach April Argumentativeness Arm Armpit Armpit Arms Army Arrow Ash Ashes Ashes Aspect Assembly Assembly Assistance At the market Attendent of initiate Attitudes Audience Aunt Avocado Awkward person Axe Axe Axe Axe Axe Axe Axle Baboon Baby Bachelor Back Back of the body Back-bitting Page 254

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

6 15 15 6 1 1 5 14 1 14 5 5 9 5 15 14 7 9 1 15 1 7 12 5 1 1 7 7 5 3 5 15 5 3 6 5 12 13 13 8 7 11 5 11 17 Na 14 1 2 5 1 7 7 12 12 12 12 3 1 1 1 5 3 11

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na

Moongola Cinyama Lutaka Nkubula bulemu Cicelo Bbeeke Inkomo Musika Impanza Bbola Ibbola Musumpo Musumpo Mabanana Ininga Bbanga Bbanki Ibbuyu Ibuzu Mubuyu Lubbizyo Bba Munkulu Mubondo Makwa Luundu Tusinga tubamba namundelele Kukasaala kwamubili Bbeseni Nsambila Cinzuma Intuundu Mutaanga Cisambilo Musambilwa Inungu Bulungu Bulungu Musozya wanyabo Nyabo Cilezu Ilezu Malezu Cinyama Kalala Bulo Cisanda Kuzyuli Zyuli Mibundu Inzuki Nkuni Bukoko Bwaalwa Funku Mantabe Bbulo Lwiindi Tukoko twantumba Nzwisa Sikulinga Makankilo Bukkale Kucinca bube

All Nouns Backbone Bad animal Bad luck Bad manners Bad medicine Bag Bag Baking soda Baldness Ball Ball Bamboo Bamboo Bananas Bangle Bank Bank Baobab tree Baobab tree Baobab tree Baptism Bar Bar Barbel fish Bark Barren soil Bartholin's gland Basal body temperature Basin Basin for washing newborn Basket Basket Basket Bathing shelter Bathroom Bead Beads Beadwork Bean stew Beans Bear Beard Beard Beast Become angry Bed Bed leg Bedroom Bedroom Beds (agriculture) Bee Bee Beer Beer Beer Beer at last stage of fermentation Beer drums Beer festival Beer for initated girl Beer given freely for tasting Beggar Beginning Behaviour Behaviour change Page 255

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 7 11 5 7 5 5 3 9 5 5 3 3 6 5 5 5 5 5 3 11 5 3 3 6 11 13 15 5 5 7 5 3 7 3 5 14 14 3 5 7 5 6 7 12 14 7 15 8 4 5 5 14 14 5 6 5 11 13 5 1 6 14 15

No No No No No Yes No No No Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Muzumino Mulangu Mavuba Impasya Lutambo Zijanwa mo Kukundana munyama Muzeeso uluzi Incinga Namutendele Ncinga Bunyololo Insilibi Iyoba Ibbili Idyango Igutwe Itiila Ipanga Ibbaka Cala Mujwi Kalulio Mululwe Kansyuululu Kansyuunsyu Kusuba bulowa Muluso Muyani Muzuni Kulibambila kwakutumbuka Kutantaanya kuzyala Inkukisi Siceenje Munyeu Muyoba Tengwe Mulala Tengwe Mufwuzi Cisubilo Subilo Mbeli Ingubo Ipayi Likumbesa Munoka Coolwe Moofwu Boofwu Buya Itwizya Kutumpa Matwiza Bulowa Bbulauzi Inyindi Mbooma Bboodi Bwato Meendeenda amumubili Mubili Boya Boza

All Nouns Belief Bell Bellows Belongings Belt Benefits Bestiality Better decisions Bicycle Bicycle Bicycle Bicycle chain Big black ants Big black cloud Big body Big door Big head Big juicy termite Big knife Big place Big toe Big voice Bile Bile Bilharzia Bilharzia Bilharzia Birch Bird Bird Birth plan Birth spacing Biscuit Bitting brown ant Black ants Black cloud Black locust bird Black mamba Blackbird Blacksmith Bladder Bladder Blade Blanket Blanket Blanket Bleeding from the nose Blessing Blind person Blindness Blister Blister Blisters Blisters Blood Blouse Blow Boa constrictor Board Boat Bodily fluids Body Body hair Body hair Page 256

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 3 6 5 11 8 15 3 9 5 5 14 5 5 5 5 5 1 9 5 7 3 12 3 12 12 15 3 1 1 15 15 5 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 7 Na 5 9 5 5 3 7 1 14 14 5 15 6 14 5 5 1 5 14 6 3 14 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No Yes Yes No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I

Mubbumu Itinti Cuute Musozya Kubila Cizuminano Cifuwa Cifwuwa Ifwuwa Cakulya cazifuwa Mbasela Ijombo Kamvuma Cikuju Bbooho Musunse Cinondo Mupati Nyoonse nyobile Ibbodela Munyinzia Buta Ibbokesi Mulombe Musankwa Mweembezi Busankwa Mubombo Bongo Maanu Yeeya Ibbuleke Busenga Intabi Isunzu Mutabi Sicamba Imbaula Cinkwa Kulosya bulowa Inkolo Lukolo Mukupa wakunkolo Muya Cisinka mulomo Makulo Citina Zitima Nabwiinga Bwiinga Lubono Sibwiinga Ibbiliki Mukonzyanyo wabbiliki Kaputula Cikukuzyo Munyoko Mulamu Ibovu Mutoke Bekete Kapelo Kampakatwa Bubesyi bwamali

All Nouns Boer Bog Boil Boiled maize Boiling Bond Bone Bone Bone Bone meal Bonus Boot Borassus palm Bore-hole Borehole Borer Boss Boss Both of you Bottle Boundary Bow Box Boy Boy Boy Boyhood Brachystegia flagristipulata Brains Brains Brainstorming Brake Bran Branch Branch Branche Brave person Brazier Bread Break through bleeding Breast Breast Breast milk Breath of life Bribe Bribe Brick Bricks Bride Bride groom Bride wealth Bridegroom Bridge Bridge model Britches Broom Brother Brother in law Bubble Buboes Bucket Bucket Bud Budget Page 257

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 5 7 3 15 7 7 7 5 7 5 5 12 7 5 1 7 1 5 5 3 14 5 1 1 1 14 3 14 6 5 5 14 5 5 3 1 9 7 15 5 11 3 3 7 3 7 8 1 1 11 1 5 3 12 7 1 1 5 3 5 12 12 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Busonga Inyanti Munyati Injasyo Ciyako Kkampani Mucende Inkulu Simatukatuka Magatagata Cileye Musunta Musunta Misunta Kupenzya Mukuti Buya Bulyango Bwina Bbasi Cisuwo Citewu Ilundu Isokwe Sicipongo Caanga Busambazi Mpindu Simakwebo Sibunjaka Inkoonkolekwa Mampamba Itako Litako Matako Sikuula Kabici Kkabbicci Kkabbati Cinkuli Insuwa Munkuli Lufwulu Kkalenda Moombe Insafwu Cigabba Kkeni Kubaba amasina Inkandela Inkasaalo Isonganyama Inkwepesi Mootokala Zyakulya zipa nguvu Mutunta Ikalata Kulanga Mulimo Cibaya Mubaya Buyamba Kufwala mapulanga Cisasa

All Nouns Buds Buffalo Buffalo Building materials Building pole Buisness company Bull Bullet Bully Bumps in the road Bundle Bundle Bundle of grass Bundles Burden Burden Burn Burrow Burrow Bus Bush Bush Bush Bush Bush pig Bushbaby Business Business Business person Busybody Butterfly Buttermilk Buttocks Buttocks Buttocks Buyer Cabbage Cabbage Cabinet Calabash Calabash Calabash Calabash cup Calendar Calf Calf of the leg Can Can Candidiasis Candle Candy Canine tooth Cap Car Carbohydrates Carcase Card Care Career Careless animal Careless person Carelessness Carpentry Carpet Page 258

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

14 5 1 5 7 5 1 5 1 6 7 3 3 4 15 3 14 14 14 5 7 7 5 5 1 7 14 5 1 1 5 6 5 5 6 1 5 5 5 7 5 3 11 5 1 5 7 5 15 5 5 5 5 5 8 3 5 15 3 Na 1 14 15 7

No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No Yes No No No No No Yes No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Simusempula Kkaloti Musyonga Cakufwala Kaambo Mulandu Mali Cisyango campindu Mwanja Kaaze Mangoye Mwanamanga Malekani Mazembe Mauka Sakalamenti Sing'ombe Ciba Impangala Sementi Ijongolo Musemu Musemwo Musemu Impimbiziko Meendeenda aabukaintu Kaama Bungu Inketani Nketani Cuuna Cuuno Sicuuno Kanywido Nchoko Naluntaambwe Kusuba tutaka Cikombelo Cimo Malasha Masizi Masizi Sikuunina Isaya Syaya Malama Camba Kaango Inkuku Nkuku Hamaidoombe Mwami Bamwami Bwami Mwana Kufwa kwabana Kutantaanya luzyalo Mantoombwa Bwana Macece Cilezu Kuzwa bulowa abusina Kubikka kulolini Kulolini

All Nouns Carrier Carrot Cartridge Carving tool Case Case Cash Cash crops Cassava Cat Cat Cat Catapult Caterpillar Caterpillars Catholic sacrament Cattle hearder Cattle kraal Cave Cement Centipede Centre pole Centre pole Centre support of hut Ceremony Cervical mucus Cervix Chaff Chain Chain Chair Chair Chairman Chalice Chalk Chameleon Chancroids Chapel Character Charcoal Charcoal Charcoal embers Cheat Cheek Cheek Cheetah Chest Chest Chicken Chicken Chicken pox Chief Chief (polite or plural) Chiefdom Child Child mortality Child spacing Child's play hut Childhood Childish tantrums Chin Chlamydia Chlorination Chlorine Page 259

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 5 3 7 12 1 6 7 3 12 6 1 6 6 6 5 1 7 5 5 5 3 3 3 9 6 12 14 5 5 7 7 1 12 5 1 15 7 7 6 6 6 1 5 5 1 7 12 5 5 5 1 2 14 1 15 15 6 14 6 7 15 15 15

No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kusala Cituli Cituli Cikombelo Lusangano Mulumbo Mulumbu Inyenzi Musanga Musyini Kugonkololwa Sicisi Mukowa Sukowa Simukowa Mukwesu Kkilasi Bulongo Nongo yavwunuvwunu Mulondo Inyindi Impana Mupanusi Musongo Ijeleele Bube Luwo Cibbaddela Cibbadela Cipimo Mubelesi wacibbadela Musilisi muniini Kakongo Kaninka Keembe Kkoloko Cituku Cisani Mulembo Cisani Shakusama Zyakusana Makumbi Inkoli Kabungwe Mpongala Masimbi Maando Busenga Cibaki Musuku Inkombola Mukombwe Muzingini Vwuma Bbokesi Inkata Idi Isyini Syini Impeyo Mapeyo Mupeyo Mweto

All Nouns Choice Chop (of meat) Chunk Church Church assembly Church collection Church collection Cicada Cigarette Circle of grass Circumcision Citizen Clan Clan Clans person on mothers side Clansman (of ours) Class Clay Clay pot for beer post initiation Clean person Clenched fist Clever man Clever person Clever person Cliff Climate Climate Clinic Clinic Clinic Clinic worker Clinician Clitoris Clitoris Clitoris Clock Closed fist Cloth Cloth Clothing Clothing Clothing Clouds Club Club Cluster of rocks Coals Coarse flour Coarse meal siftings Coat Cob Cobra Cock (rooster) Cock (rooster) Coconut Coffin Coil (cloth, fibre, etc) Coin Cold (disease) Cold (disease) Cold season Cold season Cold season Cold season Page 260

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

15 7 7 7 11 3 3 5 3 3 15 1 3 1 1 1 5 14 9, 10 1 5 5 1 1 5 14 11 7 7 7 1 1 12 12 12 5 7 7 3 7 Na 8 6 5 12 5 6 6 14 7 3 5 1 1 5 5 5 5 5 5 9 6 3 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Cinsema Mansema Mubala Musyobo Mabala Inkamu Mulazyo Kukwabana Minzi Munzi Mulimo wamumunzi Kuzyiba munzi Mweezya Luzyalo Buyumuyumu Mbolezi Muzuka Kupanga munzuka Kumita Mumambi Mupila Kubelesya mupila Cipubuko Maseseke Kuzyalwa azilonda Kubamba Kuyobola Luumuzyo Gumbuli Ciyumwida Mulewu Nsazi Cipiilo Bulowa bujisi tuzunda Kuyambukilwa Musela Lunyansyo Muyobo Kusyanga mumibundu Mugelo Cilesya kumita Kutamita Kalabi Mujisi Ntoonko Mangamwe Saladi Mutontolo Kugwasyanya Kuzibila Kuzyibila Kusyuuka Mankosi Maseke Kaswi Moongololo Kasaka Mutumba Ciba Denkete Isenke Magatagata Buluba Bunweba

All Nouns Colostrum Colostrum Colour Colour Colours Comb Command Communication Community Community Community action Community mapping Comparison Compassion Complications Compost Compost Composting Conception Concubine Condom Condom use Confession (catholic) Confidentiality Congenital syphilis Conservation Conservation Consolation Container Container for carrying luggage Container for milking Container for ochre Container for ritual beer Contaminated blood Contamination Contemporary Contempt Continuous rain Contour planting Contour ridge Contraception Contraceptive Conundrum Cook (person) Cooked fresh maize with milk Cooked whole maize grains Cooking oil Cool and peaceful place Cooperation Coping Coping Coppicing Corn cob Corn grounds Corner Corner Corpse Corpse Corral Corridor cattle disease Corrugated iron Corrugation Cotton Cotton thread Page 261

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 6 3 1 6 5 3 15 4 3 3 15 3 11 14 5 3 15 15 1 3 15 7 6 15 15 15 11 5 7 3 9, 10 7 14 15 1 11 3 15 3 7 15 12 1 5 6 5 3 15 15 15 15 6 6 12 3 12 1 7 5 5 6 14 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kkolokolo Kuyumyayumya Wakubeleka anduwe Bagwasyilizi Cisi Inkuta Mabbalani Lubuwa Mweenima Civunisya Civwunisyo Impwizi Ing'ombe Ng'ombe Ng'ombe nsomona Ng/ombe zyamasuntu Ng'ombe Kandu Moa Moowa Mukandu Mumya Impande Inkala Lwaanzi Cinywe Cikwelete Ingala Nakaala Impako Munkwanza Mulandu Ciwena Intale Cisyango Mulide Makwisyilili Kucinca-cinca kwa zisyango Katebula Zilyo Zisyango Ciingano Impanda Impanda Cizubukilo Mungwala Buleya Imbunga Impumba Mpumbi Musyini Lunyete Bunkumu-nkumu Ikkowa Ikowa Inkolobeki Kanywido Nkapu Nkomeki Mabisi Lwanolwano Cilengwu Cilezowa Ciyanza

All Nouns Cough Counselling Counterpart Counterparts Country Court Court clerk Courtyard Cousin Cover Cover Cow Cow Cow Cow calving for 1st time Cow slaughtered during funeral Cow slaughtered during initiation Coward Coward Coward Coward Coward Cowrie shell Crab Crack in a newly plastered wall Cramp Credit Crest Crested crane Crevice Cricket Crime Crocodile Crocodile Crop Crop eaten before harvest Crop residue Crop rotation Cropping Crops Crops Cross Cross Cross (religion) Crossing place Crowbar Crowd Crowd Crowd Crowd of people Crown Cruelty Crumbs Cucumber Cucumber Cultivator Cup Cup Cup Curds Curiosity Custom Custom Custom Page 262

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 15 6 2 7 5 1 11 1 7 7 9 9 9 9, 10 9, 10 9, 10 12 1 1 1 1 5 5 11 7 7 5 1 9 3 3 7 5 7 3 6 15 12 8 8 7 5 9 7 3 14 5 5 5 3 11 14 5 5 5 12 5 5 6 11 7 7 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Masansa Tunsiyansiya Ntumba Milibo Musena Mudumu Cizyano Kuzyana Sikuzyana Kuzyana Mupaale Ntenda Musuku Balasiya Busiku Mudima Musinze Mwezi Bakamwali Bucedo Bwacha Kwacha Bushiku Busiku Buzuba Izuba Zuba Izono Izoona Mantabe Izono Izoona Mutunta Mufu Mufwu Caulutwi Cuulutwi Lufwu Ciindi cakusaanguna Cikwelete Kutalika Nalupale Kwaabanya Luuni Bola Mucito Kapa Kkwabilila Kukwabilila Kungonka masamu Kumaninwa maanzi mumubili Kutumbuka Kuzyala Kutondezyo kwiinda mukucita Tondezya Cityobilwa Kaungu Cimpayana Matongo Desiki Lusumbuko Lusumpuko Mume Ibbozu

All Nouns Custome where bride runs home Customs Cutlery and dishes Cuttings Dambo Dampness Dance Dance Dancer Dancing Dandy Danger Dapaca kirkiana tree Dark complexion Darkness Darkness Darkness Date Daughter in law Dawn Dawn Dawn Day Day Day Day Day Day after tomorrow Day after tomorrow Day before beer is ready Day before yesterday Day before yesterday Dead body Dead person Dead person Deaf person Deaf person Death Debt Debt Debt December Decentralization Deception Decomposition Deed Defect Defence Defence Deforestation Dehydration Delivery Delivery Demonstration Demonstration Deposit of mud left by water Depression Desert Deserted village Desk Development Development Dew Dewlap of cow Page 263

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

6 13 9 4 3 3 7 15 1 15 1 5 3 2 14 3 3 3 2 14 14 15 14 14 14 5 5 5 5 6 5 5 3 1 1 1 7 11 7 7 15 5 15 11 Na 3 12 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 5 7 12 7 6 5 11 11 3 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kupima Mubandi Katiti Kusomoona Nkakata Mungwimba Misyobomisyobo Nsininsini Buyumayuma Buyumuyumu Kugaya mumubili Nkaanga Itombe Kankwisyi Tombe Kuyumbulula Lusaluluzi Masoto Bulwazi Iwazi Malwazi Mutiba Lunyansyo Nzwanga Musinzo Mapenzi Lubaza Bunjaka Mulindi Kulima zisyango zyaandeene Kwiimpana Mung'anga Cisonyo Nabutema Cizungulu boombe Musilisi Imbwa Mubwa Munkala Civubwa Imbongolo Mbongolo Cijazyo Citendele Ikkoma Likoma Mulyango Mulyango Inziba Zisobano Ciloto Busiwa Dulesi Bulukwe Cibaki Shati Malibbolela Imbede Kafwula Cinywido Namutekenya Sikweenzya Cibinzyo Idosi

All Nouns Diagnosis Dialogue Diaphragm Diarrhoea Dice Diesel Different kinds Different times Difficulties Difficulties Digestion Diminutive Dirt Dirt Dirt Disclosing Discrimination Diseae affecting children Disease Disease Disease Dish Disrespect Dissagreement Distance Distress District Disturbance Ditch Diversification Diversity Diviner Divining tool Divorced person Dizziness Doctor Dog Dog Dog Domestic animal Donkey Donkey Door Door Door Door Door Doorway Dove Drama Dream Dregs Dress Dress pants Dress shirt Dress shirt Drilling machine Drinking bowl Drinking gourd Drinking vessel Driver Driver Driving stick Drop Page 264

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

15 3 12 15 5 3 4 10 14 14 15 5 5 12 13 15 11 6 14 5 6 3 11 5 3 6 11 14 3 15 15 1 7 1 7 1 9 1 1 7 9 1 7 7 5 5 3 3 5 8 7 14 5 14 7 5 6 5 12 7 1 5 7 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No Yes No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Cilala Ciyumayuma Idanga Ingoma Ibbulo Idolomu Sikukolwa Kuyuma yuma Cilimo Kuyanika Idada Nakasya Syaataambi Bufumba Kasuko Kuciswa mwida Kunvwa kuciswa ciindi nosuba Lubanze Kutwi Mafwumina Kufwaambana kukwatwa Kafwambu Kampelya Musemuna Masikkiya Bulongo Insi Nongo Kujwe Kulya Kugaanyana akutumbuka Kwiiya azya busena Kumitila mukasolo Cikwankwa Moombe Itobo Lwiiyo Ii Iji Mungunga waji Mai Lukobo Kusuba Kuzaila Musefwu Kakokola Mupati Mwaalu Magesi Inzovu Muzovvwu Nzovwu Jindi Muyokesi Nsoni Insizi Kasisi Nseke Musamu ukasya kumita Kupa ng'uzu Kupa nguzu Sinkondo Nguvu Cisyano

All Nouns Drought Drought Drought Drum Drum barrel Drum for beer Drunkard Dry days Dry season Drying Duck Duiker Dumb person Dung Dust Dysmenorrhea Dysuria Eagle Ear Early in morning Early marriages Early maturing maize seed Early maturing maize seed Early rainy season Earnings Earth Earth Earthen pot East Eating Eclampsia Ecology Ectopic pregnancy Eczema Edge Edible wild fruit Education Egg Egg Egg yoke Eggs Egret Ejaculation Ejaculation Eland Elbow Elder brother Elderly man Electricity Elephant Elephant Elephant Elephantiasis Emaciated person Embarassment Embers Embers Embryo Emergency oral contraceptive Empowerment Empowerment Enemy Energy Engagement Page 265

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 7 5 9 5 5 1 15 7 15 5 5 1 14 12 15 15 11 15 6 15 12 12 3 6 14 5 9, 10 15 15 15 15 15 7 3 5 11 5 5 3 6 11 15 15 3 12 1 1 6 5 1 5 5 1 9, 10 5 12 7 3 15 15 1 5 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Na No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na I Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Cikuwa Mungisi Mala Busena Kalowalo Kalwalo Kameneno Kasuntu Kweelena Zibelesyo Cizimyo Kukokololwa bwabusani Kulubizya Muzibe Mukuwa Cikuwa Kupima Mangolezya Cilalila Boonse Zyoonse Bubi Ceelo Musunko Cikozyanyo Tubi Sikupiila Sibulimi Mbasela Bwaapubwaapu Liso Cikoye Inkoye Cikoyo Kamboni Busyu Kumeso Maambukwa Muzumino Kusyomeka Muzinga Nsinga zyaluzyalo Koneka muunda Kulibeja Impuwo Ciinga Mukwasyi Kuba abana aciindi ceelede Kubaabana aciindi ceelede Mpulazi Mulimi Bulimi Kulima Kali Mafuta Mafwuta Bata Bataata Usyi Taata Uso Batatazyala Mafuta Mulandu

All Nouns English Englishman Entrails Environment Epidemic Epidemic Epiglottis Epilepsy Equality Equipment Eraser Erosion Error Eunuch European European language Evaluation Evening Evening meal Everyone Everything Evil Evil spirit of the dead Examination Example Excrement Expeller of water ritually Extension officer Extra Extravigent giving Eye Eyelash Eyelash Eyelid Eyewitness Face Face Faeces Faith Faithfulness Falling flat on the ground Fallopian tubes Fallow cropping False pride Fame Family Family Family planning Family planning Farm Farmer Farming Farming Farthing Fat Fat Father Father Father (of him/her) Father (of mine) Father (of yours) Father in law Fats Fault Page 266

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 1 6 14 12 12 12 12 15 8 7 15 15 Na 1 7 15 6 7 2 8 14 7 3 7 13 1 1 5 14 5 7 5 7 12 14 15 6 3 15 3 5 5 15 5 7 3 15 15 5 1 14 15 12 6 6 2 2 1 1 1 2 6 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ipobwe Pobwe Ipepe Ambila Kusanina Musaama Baimbinyina Ciyanze Muzyazi Lubaya Lukwakwa Munkoyo Camutunzyo Mavwu mabotu Luzyalo Kuswangana kwamaji Mafetaliza Musamu Lwiindi Lwiindi Lwiindi Loozi Kusyomeka Isokwe Muunda Muundu Bukali Inkuyu Inkuzu Mukuyu Mukuzu Lwana Kuminununa Itombe Kasina Kanwe Munwe Mabele Lwala Mulilo Suwa Muni Cikko Inkuni Lukuni Nkuni Taanzi Mwana wakusomona Cinsema Imumpaluya Namalela Inswi Inswi Kalobo Musulusi Moono Intuku Nyindi Cisanu Indembela Ibbibi Lubazu Injina Intabwa

All Nouns Feast Feast Feather Feedback Feeding Fellow initiate (of mine) Fellow singers Fellowship Female Fence Fence Fermented corn Fertalizer Fertile soil Fertility Fertilization Fertilizer Fertilizer Festival for first fruits Festival for harvest Festival for planting Fibre Fidelity Field Field Field Fierceness Fig Fig Fig tree Fig tree Fight Filtering Filth Fine mesh Finger Finger Finger millet Fingernail Fire Fire stone Fireflies Fireplace Firewood Firewood Firewood First First born First milk after calfing First rains First wife Fish Fish Fish hook Fish monger Fish trap Fist Fist Fiver Flag Flame Flank Flee Flee Page 267

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 5 9 Na 15 1 2 7 1 11 11 3 7 6 11 15 6 3 11 11 11 11 15 5 3 3 14 5 5 3 3 11 15 5 12 12 3 6 11 3 5 3 7 5 11 5 Na 1 7 5 1 5 5 12 1 3 5 5 7 5 5 11 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Muluso Mapatapata Imbunga Cibuye Bufwu Busu Fulawa Iduba Iluba Ciindi cabuluba Maluba Inzinini Inseele Nswa Makovwu Cakula cang'ombe Mwana uuli mwida Sikunku Buleya Kaano Muna Buzuba buccilila Isyeke Cakulya Igande Kulya Malelo Shilyo Zakulya Kuyobola cakulya Ciyanga Cituta Itende Tende Nzila yamaulu Mukondo Bbola Cito Inkumo Nkumo Masi aandene Cikandacivwumba museke Coonde Isaka Kasaka Syokwe Insaka Foloko Fwoloko Maandanino Impanda Mutanda Kulilela Mweemvwe Namalwa Bwasanu Musa Muzolwani Mwai Mweenzinyina Mweeni Munsalo Balongwe Bulongwe

All Nouns Flexible stick Flip flops Flock Floor Flour meal Flour meal Flower Flower Flower Flowering season Flowers Fly Flying ant Flying termites Foam Fodder Foetus Fog Folk Folk tale Follower Following day Fondness for a joke Food Food Food Food Food Food Food security Fool Foot Foot Foot Foot path Foot print Football Ford Forehead Forehead Foreign lands Foreskin Forest Forest Forest Forest Forge Fork Fork Fork in the road Forked stick Frame (bicycle, etc) Freedom Fresh grass Friction drums Friday Friend Friend Friend Friend (of him) Friend of bride groom Friendly banter Friends Friendship Page 268

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 6 5 7 14 14 5 5 5 7 6 5 5 1 6 7 1 5 14 12 1 14 5 7 5 15 6 Na 8 15 7 7 5 15 5 3 5 7 5 5 6 7 7 5 12 3 5 5 5 6 5 3 15 3 5 14 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 14

No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Buzolwani Kambuwa Tumbuwa Cula Kumbele Kumpela Makovwu Mucelo Musinza wamicelo Isuku Incinga Insombo Imbula Mungwimba Nkuni Mulumbu Musalo Dilwe Idilwe Mufwolo Kumbele Imbuwo Iguwo Mululwe Injuka Cisobano Zisobano Muunda Muzikke Cibaki Cikobela Ciya Magesi Mbungano Cikuta Gobelo Azya baalumi abamakaintu Kweelenyakwa batata abamama Musyalano Mwaabi Tuzunda Ceelo Muzimo Ciliya Inkwinzyi Indudwa Indudwe Intwiza Musimbi Mukubusi Haakalindizyo Mfwuli Kansu Museke Museke Mulyato Butangazi Cikomo Impongo Mpongo Mpongo Lesa Leza Bbozo

All Nouns Friendship Fritter Fritters Frog Front Front Froth Fruit Fruit juice Fruit of a tree Fruit of mucinga tree Fruit of sizygium guineense tree Fruit of the paranari mobola tree Fuel Fuel Full maize cob Fun in conversation Funeral Funeral Furrow Future Gadfly Gale Gall Gambling Game Games Garden Garden nursery Garment Garment Gas Gas Gathering Gazebo Gazebo for men Gender Gender balance Generation Generous person Germs Ghost Ghost Giel before menstration Giggling Giraffe Giraffe Giraffe Girl Girl post menstration pre initiation Girl who attains novice Gizzard Gland Glans penis Glans penis (tip of the penis) Glutton Gluttony Goal Goat Goat Goat God God Goitre Page 269

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

14 12 13 7 15 15 6 3 3 5 9 5 9 3 5 3 3 5 5 3 15 5 5 3 5 7 8 3 3 7 7 7 6 5 7 5 Na 15 3 1 13 7 1 7 5 9 5 5 1 1 1 5 12 3 3 1 14 7 9 1 1 1 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na

Cibozu Kuzimba akuzwa masina Bbolabbola Kanswende manansa Coolwe Impuwo Musangu Bubotu Lubono Impasya Cigusu Igusu Sicisekwe Mwaaka Cibisilo Bulelo Imfwulumende Mfwulumende Kununganya Butala Mimena Nkalamabelo Muzukulu Muzyakula Taatakulu Bakaapa Kuzimba muntebe Bwisu Bwizu Mani Mweemvwe Mani Nsozi Civuka Cibalu Cidumba Muzenge Insozi Mpaso Cuumbwe Lubwelubwe Namaumbwe Musinza Maceelo Macelelo Mafwuta Mutavwu Syafwumbwamuunyu Syubusyubu Munyengwe Mbolezi Nzembwe Cigayo Cikazyo Intwino Impangala Ansi Insi Inyika Moomba Ndongwe Imbwiila Cintelentele Indongwe

All Nouns Goitre Gonorrhea Gonorrhoea Gonorrhoea Good fortune Good reputation Good spirit Goodness Goods (economic) Goods (luggage) Goods train Goods train Goose Gorge Gourd Government Government Government Grafting Grain bin Grain for ferment Grand nephew Grandchild Grandchild Grandfather (of mine) Grandparent Granuloma inguinale Grass Grass Grass Grass Grass for grazing Grass hopper Grass hut Grass screen Grass shelter Grass torch Grasshopper Grasshopper Grave Gravel Graveyard Gravy Grazing ground Grazing lands Grease Greedy person Greedy person Green harmless snake Green mamba Green manure Grey millet Grinding mill Grinding mill Grinding of teeth Grotto Ground Ground Ground Ground hornbill Ground nuts Ground pea Groundnut mash Groundnuts Page 270

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 15 5 12 7 5 1 14 11 5 7 5 5 3 7 14 5 5 15 14 4 1 1 1 1 2 15 14 14 6 3 6 1 7 7 7 3 5 5 7 11 5 3 6 6 6 1 1 1 1 5 5 7 7 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 5 7 9

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ndongwe Nyemu Itanga Nkamu Tubungwe Simalelo Igwaba Mweenzu Inkanga Nkanga Gitali Cisiniini Ciniini Imfuti Intobolo Musili Bula Cilezowa Kusuba bulowa Isusu Lisusu Masusu Boya Cisela Mukonde Mudyanga Inyundo Ijanza Itansyi Janza Kwaanza Inkwasi Konkobela Mwini Mwiini Munzuwe Mapyopyongano Mapenzi Sulwe Muvwuule Najempa Ihhala Konze Litebulwa Ingowani Mvwuse Ingowani Mutwe Musololi musankwa Musololi musimbi Bayi bapati Bayi bapati Ntaulu Sibbuku Basibbuku Simabbuku Basimabbuku Musilisi Buumi Kukwabilila buumi Muponi Cilwi Mulwi Mweembezi

All Nouns Groundnuts Groundnuts Group Group Groups Guardian Guava Guest Guinea fowl Guinea fowl Guitar Gums Gums (anatomy) Gun Gun Gunpowder Gut Habit Haematuria Hair Hair Hair Hair (fur) Half Half cooked food Half cooked porridge Hammer Hand Hand Hand Hand Hand clapping Hand piano Handle Handle (of an axe, hoe, etc) Hangover after drinking alcohol Harassment Hardship Hare Harlot Harlot Harrow Hartebeeste Harvest time Hat Hat Hate Head Head boy Head girl Head master Head teacher Head wrap Headman Headman (polite) Headmen Headmen (polite) Healer Health Healthcare Healthy person Heap Heap (at the market) Hearder Page 271

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 5 5 5 13 1 5 1 5 5 5 7 7 5 5 3 14 7 15 5 5 6 14 7 3 3 5 5 5 5 15 5 5 3 3 3 6 6 1 1 1 5 1 5 5 5 9 3 1 1 2 2 5 1 1 2 2 1 14 15 1 7 3 1

No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Moyo Mozo Cikko Isuwa Inkasaalo Kasaala Lumwi Izeulu Cilemu Ibbanga Limo Imbala Kasindi Mpwizi Ciimo Mulyazina Sikugwasya Lubanje Inseke Nkuku yakucoonde Itelele Lubele Mweembezi Mweembezi Cende kkovu Cicende Putyu Tulonda londa Mulilo waleza Intiku Ikutu Kutijana kwabulowa Cilundu Mulundu Kasolo Kasolo Civwubwe Imvwuvwu Civubwe Banyina Banakwe Usyizyala Benzinyina Bamakwaakwe Musazinyina Sinkondonyina Nsikalileke Ngoma yabuci Iamba Ijamba Iyambo Jamba Lise Indima Maamba acilubu Bulengo Cilindi Dindi Impako Kalindi Kapulo Impako Cuundu Zyakucita kung'anda

All Nouns Heart Heart Hearth Hearth stone Heat Heat Heat of the sun Heaven Heavy responsibility Hectare Hectare Hedge Heel Heifer Height Heir Helper Hemp Hen Hen of thicket Herb used as a relish Herb used as relish Herd Herdsman Hernia Hernia Hernia Herpes simplex Herpes zoster Hiccup Hide High blood pressure Hill Hill Hip Hip joint Hippo Hippo Hippopotamus His mother (polite) His wife (polite) His/her father in law His/her friends His/her in laws His/her relative His/her/their enemy Hiv Hive Hoe Hoe Hoe Hoe Hoe Hoeing feast Hoes used for marriage payment Hole Hole Hole Hole Hole Hole Hollow Home Homework Page 272

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 3 7 5 5 12 11 5 7 5 5 5 12 1 7 1 1 11 5 9, 10 5 11 1 1 Na 7 5 13 3 5 5 15 7 3 12 12 7 9 7 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 9 6 14 7 5 9 12 12 9 7 8

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na I Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Buci Bbule Cibule Lyana Insolo Mulemyo Imfumba Kalobo Lusyomo Nguzu zyamumubili Luja Mweembo Moomba Inka Ng'ombe mvwuma Ibbiza Cibbaddela Simeenzu Bameenzu Masizi Cilimo Hotela Mawoola Ing'anda Ng'anda Buntususu Buntu Bunyina Buntu Mudumu Insala Inzala Nzala Muvwimi Lwaanga Mulumi Mwaalumi Kkweelele Ing'anda Kabwenga Suntwe Ciimbo Mwaanguzi Caandu Muzeezo Kuzyiba zikomo Banabamusikwe Cifwanikiso Cikozyano Muvwuule Nguzu zyamubili Bu kwabilizi bwa mubili Lubondwe Mulelo bulelo Kutazyala Kacapocapo Kunembo Mukwasi Kumazuba Mukanwa Majayajaya Kukundana mumukowa Mali aanjila Kulilela

All Nouns Honey Honey badger Honey badger Honey comb with larvae Honey guide bird Honour Hoof Hook Hope Hormones Horn Horn of kudu played by initiate Hornbill Hornet Hornless cow Horse Hospital Host Host (polite or plural) Hot coals Hot season Hotel Hours House House Human rights Humanism Humanism Humanity Humidity Hunger Hunger Hunger Hunter Hunting shrine Husband Husband Husk Hut Hyena Hyena Hymn Hymn leader Ice Idea Identification of goals Illegitimate children Illustration Image Immoral person Immune system Immunisation Impala Important person Impotence Impudence In front In law In the afternoon In the mouth In-discriminant slaughter Incest Income Independence Page 273

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

14 1 7 11 5 3 5 12 11 7 11 3 1 1 9, 10 5 7 1 2 6 7 5 6 9 7 14 14 14 14 3 5 5 5 1 11 1 1 5 9 12 1 7 1 7 3 15 2 7 7 1 9 14 1 1 15 12 Na 1 16 17 6 15 6 15

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Munsama Cimyongela Masendelela Maambilambali Kugusya da Kavwanda Muvwanda Kufwa kwabana Kufwa kwabana bacili baniini Kuba amalwazi aandeene Kutazyala Bumambi Luwo Lukono Cizimo Kamwali Mankuninkuni Kukubuka Kukuzyika Inkolola Nkolola Nkolola Kaswi Masendelezya Zyakubikka mumuunda Cikuta Ncinko Cibinde Cuuka Mukati Lutuzi Ciko Mafwenezya Zikolo zipati Cibelesyo Kukwela Kwaandulwa Kulobaika Maanu Koonona Kulobaika Kusanganya zisyango Zigwasilizyo Bula Mala Kupandulula Bulembe bwazintu Bika mali mucintu cakuleta mpindu Bukali Insimbi Lubulo Insumbu Kasuwa Bweele Inkaya Inyaya Inkaya Mwaaba Umpe Cibaki Ijansi Jakete Intolongo Mukazimbazimba

All Nouns Indian Indigestion Indirect criticism Indirect speech Induced abortion Infant Infant Infant deaths Infant mortality Infections Infertility Infidelity Influence Inheritance Inherited talent Initiated girl Initiates drums Initiation ceremonies Initiation ceremonies Initiation ceremony Initiation ceremony for girls Initiation coming out ceremony Inner corner Innuendo Inputs (agriculture) Insaka Insanity Insanity caused by not cleansing Insect Inside Insolence Instalment of marriage payment Instalment of marriage payment Institutions Instrument Instrumental delivery Instrumental delivery Integration Intelligence Intercourse Intercropping Intercropping Interventions Intestine Intestines Introduction Inventory Investment Irascibility Iron Iron Island Island Itch Ivory Ivory Ivory bangle Jackal Jackal Jacket Jacket Jacket Jail January Page 274

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 7 6 6 15 12 1 15 15 15 15 14 11 11 7 12 6 15 15 5 5 5 12 6 8 7 5 7 7 3 11 7 6 8 7 15 15 15 6 15 15 15 8 14 6 15 14 5 14 5 11 5 12 14 5 5 5 1 1 7 5 5 5 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mweebo Mweebo Sikaaya Munyono Mulimo Bweendelezi Buswa Lweendo Musinzi Mubetesi Mweendezi Lubeta Mulolo Musinza Igumba Bukaonde Kuyobola malembe Musembela Insa Musyobo Mukowa Buuza Luse Luzyalo Kaliyoliyo Bwami Kalyolyo Mooba Ndekwa mala Igondo Inungo Izwi Cifwulo Cipoko Intipa Naifi Kuluka Kusuma Cikoto Inkoli Ikoto Bongo Maanu Ciba Cimpati Haambololo Muzilawa Syaambololo Tolo Inyangu Milomo yantoto Milomo yantonto Malepe Kumyongwa Mulimo Simulimo Kwaanduka Kusakasya Malele Izyiba Miyowe Cisi Inyika Nyika

All Nouns Jaw Jaw bone Jay Jealousy Job Job of master of ceremonies Joke Journey Journey Judge Judge Judgement Juice Juice Jungle Kaonde land Keeping records Kick of an animal Kidney Kind Kind (clan, etc) Kindness Kindness Kindness King fisher Kingdom Kingfisher Kingfisher Kitchen waste Knee Knee Knee Knife Knife Knife Knife Knitting Knitting Knot Knotted stick Knotty, hard or unripe thing Knowledge Knowledge Kraal Kraal Kudu Kudu Kudu Kudu Kuffir bean Labia majora Labia majoris Labia minora Labour Labour Labourer Laceration Lactation Ladder Lake Laments Land Land Land Page 275

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 3 1 3 3 14 14 11 3 1 1 11 3 3 5 14 15 3 5 1 3 14 11 11 12 14 12 1 5 5 5 5 7 7 5 5 15 15 7 5 5 14 6 7 7 1 1 1 Na 5 7 7 Na 15 3 1 15 15 6 5 4 7 5 5

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bwila Bulozi Butonga Bumukamwini busena Cisyobo Mulaka Muyuni Luubi Caambikwa Lwaanje Muluso Keela Keela Mulundu Mwakali Cimbuzi Cimbuzi Mulawo Milawo Butolo Musololi Busololi Itu Ituvwu Liteu Iya Simwiiya Nzila yakwiiya Cikanda Cipaya Citolopo Malu Matevwu Matuvwu Nanja Yiisya Bugwatiigwa Munsyundu Cimonsyo Cimwensi Cipiko Kulumwesye Lumwesyi Ndala Kuulu Mweendo Banabamung'anda Malemoni Chilenge Cilenge Kulampa Siluwe Sicinanta Cinanta Ciiyo Ing'wadi Lugwalo Ibbala Sikubeja Kulilela Mapepa Civwunisyo Buumi Buzumi

All Nouns Land of the ila people Land of the lozi people Land of the tonga people Land tenure Language Language Large bird Large cobweb Large pot for cooking nsima Large river Lash Last born Last born child Last day of the funeral Last year Latrine Lavatory Law Laws Laziness Leader Leadership Leaf Leaf Leaf Learn Learners Learning styles Leather Leather Leather thong Leaves Leaves Leaves Lechwe Lecture Ledge Leech Left Left Left Left Left Left overs Leg Leg Legitimate children Lemon Lenge language Lenge language Length Leopard Leper Leprosy Lesson Letter Letter Letter of the alphabet Liar Liberty Licence to practice Lid Life Life Page 276

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

14 14 14 14 7 3 1 11 7 11 3 1 12 3 3 7 7 3 4 14 1 14 5 5 5 5 1 10 7 7 7 6 6 6 5 5 14 1 7 7 7 15 11 5 15 3 2 6 7 7 15 1 1 7 7 5 11 5 1 15 6 7 14 14

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I

Mumuni Cibwantu Cinamala Mukande Lusensa Lulabo Mulongo Mulongo Kuswaanganya Kuswanganya Cikotamino Mulavwu Syaanza Syuumba Syuumbwa Mulomo Milomo Mulongo Malembo Insangwa Muce Kasinzosinzo Kantengeza Kacembele Tubeelabeela Kabayi Tukulukulu Lukwakwa Muni Ciluma mooye Zivwumbwa Musumi Muzumi Tombela Tombela Mukuli Muziyo Cinkwa Busani Ilooni Luzibo Sicisi Insozi Ingazi Cisamu Lukuni Kaungu Muumba Ciindi Bwizu Ngobyo Ciindi cilamfwu Kaindi Kugonka Cimbayambaya Zintu zinji Injina Luyando Musyabo Munyengule Coolwe Sicoolwe Impasya Cikoto

All Nouns Light Light beer Light beer Light beer Light sandy soil Lightening Lime Line Linking Linking Lintel Lion Lion Lion Lion Lip Lips List Literature Little basket Little brother Little distance Little finger Little old woman Little pieces Little slap Little things of the past Live fencing Liver Liver first tasted by initiate Livestock Living person Living person Lizard Lizard Load Load Loaf of bread Loam Loan Local knowledge Local person Locust Loft Log Log Loneliness Lonely sorrow Long ago Long grass Long hooked sticks Long term Long time ago Lopping Lorry Lot of things Louse Love Lover Lower layers of thatching Luck Lucky person Luggage Lump Page 277

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 7 7 3 11 11 3 3 15 15 7 1 1 5 1 3 4 3 6 5 1 12 12 12 13 12 Na 11 3 7 8 1 1 1 1 3 3 7 14 5 11 1 5 9 7 11 12 3 7 14 9, 10 7 12 15 7 8 5 11 1 3 7 1 9 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Cilundu Mukusu Cisusulo Ifwufwe Ipunga Bwaamu Inkwela Lubuwo Ipanga Panga Muncini Incinko Ncinko Mubetesi Muleelanyika Mancebele Mapopwe Buta;a Ingalaala Musozya Ikkuba Ikuba Kuciswa mpeyo Ntuntumaanzi Mulombwana Mweenze Luciso Luuni Bulwazi bwanzala Malwazi anzala Kwiingana Mulombwana Muntu Mwaalumi Ingala Mamango Kacembele gundu Bufwumba Imbolezi Mbolezi Maapu Buzuba Caando Inembo Insimbo Mafwandiso Musika Idundu Kkwato Lukwatano Lukwato Ciko Mulindu Itinti Musena Tinti Mukamwini Simalelo Kulyoomba Kuuma musyumbwi Kanchisi Malwazi acisa bamakaintu Kufwa ntumbukila Baacisyanyina

All Nouns Lump Lump of nsima Lunch Lung Lung Lust Lust Lynx Machete Machete Machine Madness Madness Magistrate Main road Maize Maize Maize bin Maize flower Maize grains cooked Maize stalk Maize stalk Malaria Malaria Male Male animal Malice Malice Malnutrition Malnutrition Malpresentation Man Man Man Mane Mangos Mantis Manure Manure Manure Map Marital jealousy Mark Mark Mark Market Market Marriage Marriage Marriage Marriage Marriage payment Married woman Marsh Marsh Marshland Master Master Masturbation Masturbation Match Maternal morbidity Maternal mortality Maternal uncle Page 278

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 3 7 5 5 14 5 11 9 5 3 5 5 1 3 6 6 14 5 3 5 5 15 5 1 1 11 11 14 6 15 1 1 1 5 6 12 14 9 5 6 14 7 5 5 6 3 5 5 11 11 7 1 5 3 Na 1 1 15 15 12 6 15 2

No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Simizyaabo Namba Cineemuneemu Kaamba Kaambo Makani Ibbeula Muzuba Mulumbu Mwaanka Sikalifwune Syacivwulemwangu Nkaambo Cakweendela Cifwumu Inyama Nyama Haanankange Cisyu canyama Cituli Musamu Nacitontozya Musamuwaluvwumwe Muswaangano Bweende Cizyo Mwiila Mulenje Mulozi Mulubale Munkoya Mutonga Kubeluka Kuyaluka Kutakkala Kutaselela Kutatonda Kukkala Kuselela Kutonda Kukkala Kusela kwalyoonse Kutonda Silubomba Lubomba Luse Kapaso Mulumbe Lubulo Insimbi Inzila Mbeba Isikati Isyikati Cikobo Sikutumbuzya Kaandula mutwe Lusinga lwamutwe Imvwundi Sikalumaamba Malili Mukupa Nsuwa Mukami

All Nouns Maternal uncle Mathematics Matress Matter Matter Matters Mattock Meal, butter and groundnut mixture Mealie cob with grain Mean person Mean person Mean person Means Means of transport Measles Meat Meat Meat for people staying the night Meat relish Meat with the bone Medicine Medicine to ease birth Medicine to protect children Meeting Meeting minutes Member (of the body) Member of the ila tribe Member of the lenge tribe Member of the lozi tribe Member of the muvale tribe Member of the nkoya tribe Member of the tonga tribe Menarche Menarche Menopause Menopause Menopause Menstrual cycle Menstrual cycle Menstrual cycle Menstruation Menstruation Menstruation Merciful person Mercy Mercy Messenger Messenger Metal Metal part of a tool Method Mice Midday Midday Midday meal Midwife Migraine Migraine Mildew Military personnel Milk Milk Milk gourd Miller Page 279

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 5 7 12 12 6 1 3 3 1 1 1 5 7 7 5 5 5 7 7 3 5 3 3 14 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 1 11 11 1 3 14 5 5 2 5 5 7 1 12 11 5 1 6 3 5 1

No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Nzembwe Iziyo Mugodi Simigoti Busani Cibeela Iseese Mailikitwa Gilazi Mumama Muluti Mune Sikunku Namaanta Mudumu Cibaanda Silumfwukwe Musumbuluka Muvwulo Mali Muccato Causulacilezu Mumya Sicikonda Mweezi Mwezi Mweesyo Mweezi Mwezi Mwani Cifwumo-fwumo Intanda Incili Nchili Ncili amunsi Musaini Inmwi Mansenya Banacisya Cinyina Bamamazyala Banyina Bina Na Banyina Baama Banyoko Honda Mududuudu Sidilwe Idilwe Kulila Imbayi Imbeba Ikanya Kanwa Mulomo Bweende Bulongo Intimba Intipa Mankanda Matimbo Matope

All Nouns Millet Millstone Mine Miner Minerals Ministry Miracle Mirage Mirror Miser Missionary Mist Mist Mistress of the house Moisture Molar Mole Monday Monday Money Money offered after initiation Money received by brides father Money received by brides mother Mongoose Month Month Months mind funeral ceremony Moon Moon Mopani tree Morning Morning star Mortar Mortar Mortar and pestle Mortuary Mosquito Mosquito Mother Mother cow Mother in law Mother of Mother of Mother of Mother of his/hers Mother of mine Mother of yours Motorcycle Motorcycle Mourner Mourning Mourning Mouse Mouse Mouth Mouth Mouth Movement Mud Mud Mud Mud Mud Mud Page 280

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 5 3 1 14 7 5 6 7 1 1 5 5 1 3 7 1 3 3 6 3 7 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 7 5 9 5 5 3 5 6 2 7 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 5 3 1 5 15 5 9 5 12 3 14 14 5 5 6 6 6

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na

Matyopo Idikati Mankanda Mankandya Vumbila Kuzyalana Kujaya Munyemfwu Bowa Nyimbo Muyuwa Cilimba Mandimbwa Intobolo yamudinkilwa Lwiili Musaama Mwanaangu Mulamu Bamakwaanga Mucaangu Baama Musazina Sinkondoma Zyaano Lwala Cipikili Tundulu Izina Izyina Liina Akalo Nguli Cing'anda Haamatika Kalyaba Kalilo Kukambilwa Museli Makosi Mamina Bantu bomwe Cisi Ikkombo Ikombo Mulondo Bulondo Insingo Nsingo Bulungu Inyeleti Nyeleti Indonga Ziyandika Kulangalanga ziyandika Kupima ziyandika Simukobonyina Mweenzinyina Mweenzuma Mujwa Kamano Kasinga Cifwuko Citeente Lusabwi

All Nouns Mud Mud guard Mud guard Mud guard Mulch Multiplying Murder Muscle Mushrooms Music Music rattle Musical instrument Musical instrument of initiate Musket Mussel My age-mate My child My in law My in laws My little brother My mother My relative My/our enemy Myths Nail Nail (carpentry) Nakedness Name Name Name Name given by mothers clan Name given to baby by fathers clan Name of a dance Name of a dance Name of a dance Name of a valley dance Name of mine dance Namesake Nape of the neck Nasal mucus Nation Nation (country) Navel Navel Neat person Neatness Neck Neck Necklace Needle Needle Needle for injections Needs Needs assessment Needs assessment Neighbour Neighbour (of him) Neighbour (of mine) Nephew Nerve pain Nerve pain Nest Nest Net Page 281

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

6 5 6 6 5 15 Na 3 14 5 3 7 6 5 11 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 8 11 7 13 5 5 5 5 5 7 5 12 12 15 3 6 6 2 7 5 5 1 14 5 5 14 5 5 5 8 15 15 1 1 1 1 12 12 7 7 11

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kuzyibizyanya Lusinga Kantembwani Makani Buzuba buccilila Mvwiki iboola Mwakali Mbunga itali yamfwulumende Mujwa Mashiku Masiku Kutabona kabotu misiku Lukumba Coongo Mugantu Kunyina Kunyika Impemo Mpemo Munoka Inango Kunyina Kwiina Cizibyo Malelo Ivwambapati Eno Ino Insima Muzuba Makololo Malabali Nesi Muzikke Indongwe Inyemu Nsimbi Busani Inkwasu Zikomo Mapenzi ajanwa Mupenzi ajanwe Kwiinga Cisila Mukula Kavwumba kaniini Mulandu Mulandu Mafwuta Cinkomba Delele Lunkomba Mudelele Bunene Tukulukulu Caanda Mudaala Munene Tukulukulu Tukulukulu Mucembele Malwezu Panshi Mwana okwesu

All Nouns Networking Neuralgia New shoot of mubombo tree News Next day Next week Next year Ngo Niece Night Night Night blindness Night jar Noise Noise None North Nose Nose Nose bleed Nostril Nothing Nothing Notice Nourishment November Now Now Nshima Nsima being cooked Nsima that sticks to the pot Nuisance Nurse Nursery Nut Nut Nut Nutrition Oar Objectives Obstacles Obstacles Obstructed labour Ochre Ochre October Offence Offence Oil Okra Okra Okra Okra Old age Old grudges Old house Old man Old man Old matters Old things Old woman Omen On the ground One of the family Page 282

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

15 11 12 6 14 3 3 5 1 6 6 15 11 7 3 15 Na 9 5 3 9 15 15 7 6 5 Na 5 5 3 6 6 1 3 5 5 5 14 5 8 6 3 15 7 3 12 3 3 6 7 5 11 3 14 13 7 1 1 13 13 1 6 Na 1

No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na

Mwaambilwa Mubbazi Golamunzi Sibunjaka Muzuba Haankalibonena Mupaizi Haafwuma Mujayaziyanze Mubukwazuba mujulu Hanyisi Nyanyisi Kambayaambaya Busena Intangalala Kupandulwa Ciindi Ciindi Kumyonta kuzinswe Ifuleenke Ifwuleenke Maolenji Muunda wamicelo Kuzimba kwamacende Kabunga Nanzele Mucaala Bamucaala Lutende Impowani Bambi Cibawe Kuliswe Miyowe Pasengwe Mubambilwa maji aabukaintu Kusisinkana Museete Kweenda kwamaji aabukaintu Iji lyabukaintu Tumba Mukamwini Musune Cikoci Cikocikala Ing'ombe Sing'ombe Muya Intaamu Cizuminano Opeelo Lusinga Lumanu Itansyi Ipoposi Mapepa Kalabiko Mungwimba Igogoogo Muzyali Mubula Cibeela Cooko Kutola lubazu

All Nouns One spoken to One who carries the initiate One who destroys a village One who is disturbing One who knows well One who must see for him/herself One who offers sacrifice One who sets out early in morning One who sows dissent One who wakes around noon Onion Onions Open back of vanette Open space Open space Operation Opportunities Opportunity Oral sex Orange Orange Oranges Orchard Orchitis Organization Oribi Orphan Orphans Osier plant used in basket-making Ostrich Other person Otter Our mother Outcries Outside Ovary Over population Over ripe maize cob roasted Ovulation Ovum Owl Owner Ox Ox cart Ox cart Oxe Oxherd Oxygen (air) Pace Pact Pail Pain Pair of tongs Palm of the hand Papaw Papers Parable Paraffin Paraffin tin Parent Parinari mobola tree Part Part of a region Participation Page 283

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 12 14 5 15 7 7 15 5 5 6 3 15 12 5 1 2 11 9 2 7 15 Na Na 3 15 3 15 5 1 1 1 7 7 9 1 3 5 7 5 11 11 5 5 6 12 3 5 1 3 7 7 15

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bayanzene Kwale Kwale Ipobwe Pobwe Kamando Mweemvwe Cigamba Cimamo Inzila Nzila Muutu Mulwazi Musololi Citenge Luumuno Nsonje Coonde Coonde Citibilo Simaulu Bamasela Cipala mwida Tusolo Bbopeni Impesulo Mpesulo Busamkwa Bwalumi Intoni Mweenje Ntoni Idi Ikobili Bantu Bamasi Impilibili Mapepa Mpilimpili Aciindi aciindi Luzumizyo Muntu Mubala Muntu Mutebe Munyenzi Mumba Musamu watuuka Munsi Luuka Mungwimba Pitikoti Kasinga Foni Ciimo Piyano Piki Kapika Cifwanikiso Nkwilimba Ciyako Cituli Mugwazo Ingulube

All Nouns Partners Partridge Partridge Party Party Party where beer is sold Pasture Patch Patch Path Path Path in thick mush Patient Patron Patterned cloth Peace Peak of roof Peanut Peanut butter Pedal Pedestrian Peers Pelvic inflammatory disease Pelvis Pen Pencil Pencil Penis Penis Penis Penis Penis Penny Penny People People of other countries Pepper Pepper Pepper Periodic basis Permission Person Person building a new home Person of bantu ethnicity Person of ndebele tribe Person of the locality Person without relatives Pesticide Pestle Pests Petrol Petty coat Phenomenon Phone Physique Piano Pick axe Pick pocket Picture Pidgeon Piece of building material Piece of meat Piece work Pig Page 284

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

2 15 1 9 5 12 3 7 7 5 5 3 1 1 7 11 5 7 7 7 1 2 7 13 5 9 5 14 14 5 3 5 5 5 2 2 5 6 5 Na 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 11 3 5 12 5 7 5 5 12 7 1 7 7 3 9

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Inkumba Ngulube Nkuntala Inkwilimba Mulwi Ipiilusi Kakoto Insonje Dindi Idiindi Antu Cibaka Kuntu Mweenya Busena Cisi Igobelo Lukoka Nkuumuya banji Nkuumuya banji Camacembele Cibanda Cibandu Muzeezo Indeke Ipulanga Mupulanga Makanze Kampubu Syaasyipa Kusyanga Mbale Mutiba Incubi Injuka Kamanu Bulimo Kamanu Nsikila Inkomo Nkomo Imesi Kkwa Mulibo Imbele Incefwu Ziyaku Kapokola Silikani Musilikani Mulawo Mulemeko Mapolitikisi Kungonka mitabi Bungu Simaali Maali Citangazyiba Izyiba Izyiba Inungu Mwinza Ceele Kacese

All Nouns Pig Pig Pig Pigeon Pile Pill Pill Pinnacle Pit Pit Place Place Place Place Place Place (country) Place for men or boys Place of mukika trees Place of the dead Place where many go Placenta Plain Plain Plan Plane Plank Plank Plans Plant used for relish Plant used for relish Planting Plate Plate Play thing Playing cards Pleurisy Ploughed land Pneumonia Pneumonia Pocket Pocket Pocket knife Pod Pod Point (of a pencil, etc) Poison Poles Police officer Police personel Policeman Policy Politeness Political science Pollarding Pollen Polygamist Polygamy Pool Pool Pool of water Porcupine Pore Porridge Porridge made of milk Page 285

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 5 5 1 3 5 12 5 5 5 Na 7 15 3 14 7 5 11 5 5 7 7 7 3 9 5 3 6 12 5 15 5 3 5 5 12 14 12 5 5 5 9 5 3 5 9 8 1 1 1 3 3 6 15 14 1 6 7 5 5 5 3 7 12

No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No

M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mukkwilo Cikandi Anjilila mulwazi Kukkala kamupakamene Posti ofesi Kuzwa bulowa bunji kapati Cibiya Cilongo Inongo Mpoto Mupika Magwili Cimbwali Kapapa Buntele Bucete Lusu Lusu Buntele Inguzu Insana Sing'uzu Cilombo Mufwundisi Mukambausi Mukambausi Mumisyi Kufwaambana kusuba bweenze Mambuzya Nselezya Muleli Kwabilila Muulo Kulibeja Mapuwo Fwala Cikolo Intolongo Kayili Kuzyiba mapenzi Mapenzi Debelwa Idebelwa Ciintu Mpindu Impindu Kalobola Cisyomezyo Kusumpula Musinsimi Sikukwata Sutwala Tusiinga tubamba mamundelele Tusilinga tubamba namundelele Kapenta Buvwuule Cikomezya Zakulya ziyaka mubili Zyakulya ziyakukomena Maambaamba Kaambyo Kasimpi Bulilu Kusantula

All Nouns Porridge made of milk Porridge mixed with sour milk Ports of entry Positive living Post office Post partum hemorrhage Pot Pot Pot Pot Pot Potatoes (irish/regular) Potatoes (sweet) Potsherd Pounded groundnuts Poverty Powder Powder Powdered groundnuts Power Power Powerful person Prayer Preacher Preacher Preacher Pregnant woman Premature ejaculation Premonition Prenatal medicine to ease delivery President Prevent Price Pride Pride Priest Primary school Prison Prisoner Problem identification Problems Procession Procession Product Profit Profits Prolonged periods Promise Promotion Prophet Prospective bride groom Prospective bride groom Prostate gland Prostate gland Prostitute Prostitution Protein Protein Protein Protests Proverb Proverb Provision Puberty Page 286

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

3 7 6 15 5 15 7 7 5 5 3 6 7 12 14 14 11 11 14 9 5 1 7 1 1 1 1 15 6 5 1 15 3 15 6 1 7 5 12 15 6 5 5 7 5 5 12 7 15 1 1 1 13 13 12 14 7 8 8 6 12 12 14 15

No No No No Yes No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bbumbu Mafwuzi Buleya Kuciswa kwantumbukila Kuzimba Pompi Citende Litanga Matevwu alupusi Muncile Lungu Nyungu zyazitende Muungu myuunda Cisubulo Imboni Kabwa Kusalazya Nkomo Busina Masina Nduu Ziyandika Inzwanga Nzwanga Mwami mukaintu wanzuki Mubuzyo Sulwe Cinsungwe Cinsuungwe Kasakabale Cilimba Wailesi Njanji Injanji Injanji Cibambili Imvwula Invwula Mainza Mvula Mvwula Inyene Malende Musangu Cilyango Fulicoongo Mainza Cisanza Hala Nhala Kujata musimbi Leepu Tantaacuulu Lepu Cintaambwe Cintombwe Sikoswe Anji Bulilu Bacucu Mutunga Lunyoolo Imbeli Kaambo

All Nouns Pubic bone Pubic hair Public Puerperal sepsis Pulurant cervicitis Pump Pumpkin Pumpkin Pumpkin leaves Pumpkin leaves Pumpkin plant Pumpkin seeds Pumpkin with hard skin Punishment Pupil (eye) Puppy Purification Purse Pus Pus Quail Qualities Quarrel Quarrel Queen bee Question Rabbit Rabies Rabies Rack Radio Radio Rail road tracks Railroad line/track Railway Railway platform Rain Rain Rain Rain Rain Rain beetle Rain shrine Rain spirit Rain spirit gate Rainbow Rainy season Raised platform to store maize Rake Rake Rape Rape (relish) Rape (relish) Rape (type of relish) Rash Rash Rat Rate Ration Rats Ray of light Razor Razor blade Reason Page 287

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 6 14 15 15 5 7 5 6 3 11 5 3 7 9 12 15 5 14 6 5 8 5 5 3 3 1 7 7 12 7 5 5 5 5 7 5 9 6 3 3 5 6 3 7 5 6 7 5 5 15 5 5 Na 7 7 1 Na 14 2 3 11 9 12

No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Nkaambo Bwakujika Kubamba malembe Malembe Kwiindulula Mabele Itete Lubu Lutete Isasa Lisasa Munseme Insoni Citolopo Kwiindulula alimwi Kumvwana Luvwano Inzubo Cilisyo Cisyu Itongo Luwo Cikozyano Mayaadi Zibelesyo Bulemu Mulemyo Uulanga Kupumuna Zitondezyo Inzwanga Malusi Bulumbu Cinywe Lusinga Cipembele Mujiinci Bbambo Ibbambo Laisi Mupunga Muvwubi Mwami Kalabi Kalabiko Kasimpi Insonje Mibundu Intobolo Kululyo Lulyo Luzi Cingengema Intasa Ninga Ningayakuminwe Cuubi Intenda Ziyoosya Impimbiziko Lukambo Bulongo buyakubbililwa Mpola Mulonga

All Nouns Reason Recipe Record keeping Records Recycling Red millet Reed Reed Reed Reed mat Reed mat Reed mat Regret Reins Relapse Relationship Relationship Relatives Relish Relish Remains of a village Report Representation Residential area of rich Resources Respect Respect Responsibility Rest Results Revolt Revolting sight Reward Rheumatism Rheumatism Rhinoceros Rhythmic beat of pestles Rib Rib Rice Rice Rich person Rich person Riddle Riddle Riddle Ridge Ridges Riffle Right Right Rightness Rim Ring Ring Ring Ringworm Risk Risks Rite Ritual clapping prayer Ritual clay put on during funeral Ritual wrist bracelet River Page 288

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 14 15 6 15 6 5 11 11 5 5 3 5 7 15 15 11 5 7 7 5 11 7 6 8 14 3 5 15 8 5 6 14 7 11 7 3 5 5 5 3 1 1 12 12 12 5 4 5 15 11 11 7 5 5 5 7 5 8 9 11 14 5 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bulonga Inkomwe Mugwagwa Mukwakwa Mundomba Kasako Musako Mukozyanyo Kuba mukozyanyo Zibeela Ciluli Lululi Inseketi Isomo Muyanda Munkoyo Masyabe Ingoye Lutambo Lutumbe Ntambo Inshila Inzila Nzila Idebelwa Mupila Malabisi Cilindi Citongo Itongo Litongo Matongo Bulelo Lula Inkalaya Nkulaya Kasokosoko Lukololindi Isaka Cuuno Buumba Buusu Maanzi aali kabotu Busambazi Mate Munyo Sautu Lufutuko Ncicona Musozya Cizibyo Musenga Museenga Musenga Impato Bulondo Kasiko Kapenta Saatani Jibelo Nsabata Musinza Katiba Musu

All Nouns River system Riverside Road Road Rock Rod Rod Role Role model Roles Roof Roof Roof pole Roof pole Root Root of a plant Root used in making cibwantu Rope Rope Rope Rope Route Route Route Row of people Rubber Rubbish Rubbish pit or hole Ruins Ruins Ruins Ruins Rule Ruler Rust Rust Rustling Rut Sack Saddle Sadness Sadness Safe water Sales Saliva Salt Salt Salvation Same thing Samp Sample San Sand Sand Sandal Sanitation Sapling Sardines Satan Saturday Saturday Sauce Saucer Sawdust Page 289

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

14 5 3 3 3 12 3 3 15 8 7 11 5 5 3 3 6 5 11 11 5 5 5 5 5 3 6 7 7 5 5 6 14 5 5 5 12 11 5 7 14 14 6 14 6 3 5 11 5 3 7 3 3 3 5 14 12 12 5 5 5 3 12 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No

Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Twaambo Cinkombe Bweele Lubata Ciyanza Bwemya Cikolo Kagele Kadwaadwa Mfwula Kabanze Nkapu Ciyobwe camacende Cikwakwa Lwaanje Inembo Ciindi Kkalenda yaciindi camwaka Ciindi camwaka Ziindi zyamwaka Cuuno Civwuna ng'ombe Lwabili Madikimunwa Cikolo Kucileka koonana Kazimoyo Jule Cibeela Imbotu Imbuto Inseke Inyungu Mbuto Nseke Muzike Siciduunta Sikuukzya Bweenze Meenda akubwaluumi Meendeenda abweense Ciyobwedo cabweeze Milumbe Twaambo Ivwivwi Kuzwa kwa da Cipampuzyo Sikusama Nzinswe Kusalazya kwakoonana Koomana Kukundaana Koona kwakoonana Kuyambukilakwiindamukoonana Cimvule Cimvwule Cisiko Banamacaaca Cibango Cikala Bweemya Insoni Lusinga Imbelela

All Nouns Sayings Scab Scabies Scar Scenario Scent School Scissors Scold Scoop Scorpion Screws holding pedals Scrotum Scythe Sea Seal Season Seasonal calendar Seasons Seasons Seat Second rains Second time Second-hand clothes Secondary school Secondary virginity Secret Secretary bird Section Seed Seed Seed Seed Seed Seed Seedling Seepage Seller Semen Semen Seminal fluids Seminal vesicle Sentences Sentenses September Septic abortion Serving spoon Sewer Sex organs Sexual cleansing Sexual intercourse Sexual intercourse Sexual pleasure Sexually transmitted disease Shade Shade Shade of a tree Shadow game Shallow basket Shallow well Shame Shame Sharp pain Sheep Page 290

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

13 7 14 11 7 14 7 12 12 5 12 5 7 7 11 5 7 5 7 7 7 7 11 6 7 15 12 1 7 5 9 5 5 5 5 3 5 1 14 6 6 7 4 13 5 15 7 1 9, 10 15 15 15 15 15 7 7 7 5 7 7 14 5 11 9

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Imbelele Mulemba Bugwatiigwa Kasakabale Ipapa Kuyupa Ikwa Intobo Mwiindi Ihempe Isyaati Shati Mabbusu Kampakatwa Zisyuuko Cintolo Cintoolo Kasinzo Mutuntuli Kabbudula Cibbudula Igwezo Ikuko Kuko Lweezo Ikkuko Fosholo Fosyolo Ifwosyolo Musampizya Muliya Nsoni Munyoko Mulwazi Sikela Bulwazi Iwazi Lwazi Lubaza Nsefa Citondezyo Cizibyo Imbaakani Mulambi Muteke Mooye Munyoko Cisambomwe Kukomena Mutatula Tusobano Bupampu Cikanda Cipaya Musinsi Cipompo Izeulu Lubayi Cikwaakwa Cikwakwa Muzike Buzike Cilayi Ng'onzi

All Nouns Sheep Sheet Shelf Shelf Shell Shell Shell of a nut etc Shield Shin Shirt Shirt Shirt Shoes Shoot Shoots Shop Shop Short journey Short, stout person Shorts Shorts (1 pair) Shoulder Shoulder Shoulder Shoulder Shoulder-blade Shovel Shovel Shovel Shrub used for cleansing Shrub with edible roots Shyness Sibling Sick person Sickle Sickness Sickness Sickness Side Sieve Sign Sign Signal Sinew Sinew Single unmarried woman Sister Six Size Sjambok Sketches Skills Skin Skin Skirt Skull Sky Slap with the palm of the hand Slasher Slasher Slave Slavery Sledge Sleepiness Page 291

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 3 14 12 9 15 5 5 3 5 5 5 6 12 8 7 7 12 1 12 7 5 5 15 11 5 5 5 5 3 3 9, 10 1 1 5 14 5 11 11 5 7 7 5 3 3 1 1 7 15 3 13 14 7 7 3 7 5 11 7 7 1 14 7 7

No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Luwizi Ng'onoone Kawo Malegeni Butezelele Butezelele Mungenya Bukata Nkaanga Kanyama Kabuyu Kaseseko Kayuni Kazuni Kalombe Buleele Katakula Kakuku Kabutu Kacece Kana Kabaki Kabwa Citaka Kaunda Kasimbi Kapongo Kaamba Kakuta Kaanda Kauka Tukusu Indyu Kazila Kabeela Kabbudu Kapulanga Bwiilili Kantolo Kasako Kauno Kabbule Kantoolo Ng'unung'unu Kasuumbwa Kantu Intumbu Mulondo Bunumfwu Lumwemwe Mufwuzi Busi Kufulidila Inkumba Inzoka Ikole Kakole Syini Ndaba Insipa Bbola Lusyangano Luteve Masokesi

All Nouns Sleeping sickness Sleeping sickness Slight breeze Sling shot Slipperiness Slippery place Slope Sloth Small Small animal Small baobab tree Small bat Small bird Small bird Small boy Small bundles of grass Small car Small chicken Small child Small child Small child Small coat Small dog Small fish Small garden Small girl Small goat Small hoe Small hole Small house Small insect Small lumps of nsima Small mushroom Small path Small piece Small piece of luggage Small plank Small species of flying ant Small spring Small stick Small stool Small storage container Small store Small talk Small termite hill Small thing Smallpox Smart person Smell Smiling face Smith Smoke Smoke Snail Snake Snare Snare Sneezing So and so Soap Soccer (the sport) Society Sock Socks Page 292

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

11 9, 10 12 6 14 14 3 14 5 12 12 12 12 12 12 14 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 7 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 5 12 12 12 12 14 12 12 12 12 12 7 12 12 5 1 14 11 1 14 15 5 5 5 12 5 1 5 5 11 11 6

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No Yes

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mupando Bulongo Ivwu Mavu Mavwu Musole Impato Citeesyi Kufweba Ninsalamina bulo Mukwe Ciimbo Lwiimbo Mwaanguzi Ziimbo Mulozi Cicisa Cilonda Bukoto Maila Maila mucene Muyu Musinza Mabisi Kumusanza Cooko cakumusanza Cooko cakumusanza Soya Ifwosyolo Cipanela Insasi Mwaambi Mwaambi Isumo Lisumo Muumba Masumo Musyobo Induba Iloolo Simudima Musoboyo Ciswe Fungwe Insezi Inzuzi Nyonzi Maloolo Maambilambali Lubilo Bweenze Nsinga zyeenzya bweenze Sicuubi Bboonko Cimowa Cinsyungwa Cisyungwa Moongola Muzimo Masabe Muzimo Muzimo Masebe Mate

All Nouns Sofa Soft mud Soil Soil Soil Soldier Sole of foot Something absent Something to smoke Something to think about in bed Son in law Song Song Song leader Songs Sorcerer Sore Sore Sore throat Sorghum Sorghum Soul Soup Sour milk South Southern part Southern province Soya Spade Spanner Spark Speaker Speaker Spear Spear Spear Spears Species Species of bird Species of fruit Species of large bat Species of tree Species of wild cat Species of wild cat Species of wild cat Species of wild cat Species of wild cat Species of wild fruit Speech not open Speed Sperm Sperm duct Spider Spinach Spinach Spinach Spinach Spine Spirit Spirit dance Spirit of death Spirit of the dead Spirit sickness and dance Spittle Page 293

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 14 5 6 6 1 5 7 15 5 1 7 11 1 8 1 7 7 14 6 6 3 3 6 15 7 7 5 5 7 5 1 1 5 5 3 6 1 9 5 1 3 7 1 5 5 1 6 6 11 14 5 1 5 7 7 7 3 1 6 3 1 6 6

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Isipoko Munganganga Kusowa Muungo Sipunu Kantolo Sikaale Musako Luti Nkanka Munsale Inyenyezi Nyenyezi Citesyeni Cifwanikiso Ciimo Cituli Lubulo Bbulo Cingomo Cisiko Muzya Ntaamu Cisamu Kasamu Musako Mweeta Bukonkoolo Bukwabikwabi Bukwabukwabu Kakonkoozyo Kulibikila Kasowe Mwaanka Syacivwulemwangu Muungo Bula Ida Ifwu Liifwumo Ibbwe Ibwe Idiba Cuuna Cuuno Cintoolo Caano Citofu Mweenzu Kezu Kalonga Inguzu Inkusu Kakole Kooye Lutumbe Ntambo Mutendu Mweengwe Inkanka Sing'uzu Iguwo Mayake Sicinguni

All Nouns Spokes Sponge Spontaneous abortion Spoon Spoon Spring Squirrel Staff Staff of the spear Stake Stalk of sugar cane Star Stars Station Stature Stature Steak Steel Steel drum Steel drum Stem Step child Steps Stick Stick Stick Stick of a trap Stick rhythms Stick rhythms Stick rhythms Stick to beat rhythm on pestle Stigma Still born Stingy person Stingy person Stirring stick Stomach Stomach Stomach Stomach Stone Stone Stone trap Stool Stool Store Story Stove Stranger Straw Stream Strength Strength String String String String Strip of meat Stripe Strong man Strong person Strong wind Structures Stubborn person Page 294

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 3 15 3 5 12 1 3 11 5 3 5 5 5 7 7 7 11 5 7 7 1 5 7 12 3 3 14 14 14 12 15 12 1 1 3 14 5 5 5 5 5 5 7 7 7 7 7 1 12 12 9 5 12 12 11 5 3 3 5 1 5 6 1

Yes No No No Yes No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I L Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Sicicolo Sicikolo Kutakomena Kutalema Bufwuba-fwuba Muna Mulyazina Mutumbu Ccuka Syuga Musale Nzimbe Izuba Lisuba Zuba Sanyembe Insondo Nsondo Langa zuba Malanga zuba Mabbililo aazuba Zigwasilizya Zigwasyizya Kamembya Itinti Cikwikwi Inkasaalo Budodoodo Nsweta Cibwantu Maambwa Cimbwali Ipanga Zitondezyo Kalonda katacisi Kanswende Cilengwa Inzila Nsikipa Itafule Tebule Kakoto Malweza Mucila Musumi Ingano Kaambo Inkuswi Mpompi Sikaimaima Kumuka Taala Zyakucita Insimbo Lusimbo Mutelo Bayi Mwiiyi Cinkubala Misozi Kaungo Kumita ciliya Telegilamu Cipekupeku

All Nouns Student Student Stunted growth Stunted growth Stupidity Subject (person) Successor Suckling mother Sugar Sugar Sugar cane Sugar cane Sun Sun Sun Sun hemp Sunday Sunday Sunflower Sunflower Sunset Support systems Support systems Swallow Swamp Swarm of locusts Sweat Sweat bits of food Sweater Sweet beer (non alcoholic) Sweet potato leaves Sweet potatoe Sword Symptoms Syphilis Syphilis System (custom) System (way) T-shirt Table Table Tablet Taboo Tail Tailor Tale Tale Tampan tick Tap Taproot Tardiness Tarmac Tasks Tattoo mark Tattoo mark Tax Teacher Teacher Team of oxen Tear (crying, etc) Teaspoon Teenage pregnancy Telegram Television Page 295

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 1 15 15 14 1 1 1 5 5 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 8 8 12 5 7 5 14 5 7 6 7 9 8 12 12 7 5 5 5 5 12 6 3 1 5 12 5 5 5 15 5 8 5 11 3 2 1 7 4 12 15 5 7

No No No No No No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No Yes No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No Yes No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kukasaala Ikkumi Itenti Namasandu Cuula Igundu Musunko Iccende Macende Buyo buzuba Matalikilo Bacembele Masimpilo Cakusanguna Baila Mulalabungu Bankoya Imposo Buleya Njiyona Cabili Ijulu Catatu Calang'anda Batonga Mujulu Kubba Kwabo Loonde Gumba Insima Canda Cipwaza Igumba Kabwalala Mubbi Cibelo Cintu Zyakucita Tantaanya Inyota Nyota Kono Lutambo Bumvwa Bwiya Bacaalizya Iwe Bunweba Maliya Amoyo Igoyooyo Ikkulumino Inzinga Cala Cigumo Bwane Uso Banoko Banyoko Banako Nzengene Dikiti Bunyeela

All Nouns Temperature Ten Tent Term of respect for women Termite Territory Test Testicle Testicles That day The beginning The elderly (plural) The end The first The ila people The milky way The nkoya people The post The public The same thing The second The sky The third The thumb The tonga people The upper story Theft Their place Thick bush Thick bush with many trees Thick porridge Thick sour milk Thick sour milk Thicket Thief Thief Thigh Thing Things to do Thinning Thirst Thirst This year Thong Thorn Thorn Those left behind Thou (familiar or as a diminutive) Thread Threads (of a screw, etc) Throat Throat Throat Throw in wrestling Thumb Thumb Thursday Thy father Thy mother (polite) Thy mother (polite) Thy wife (polite) Tick Ticket Tickles Page 296

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

15 5 5 5 7 5 3 5 6 14 6 2 6 7 2 3 2 5 14 Na 7 5 7 7 2 3 15 15 11 5 5 7 7 5 12 1 7 7 8 5 5 5 5 11 14 14 2 5 14 6 15 5 5 5 7 7 14 1 2 2 2 1 5 14

No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na

Taiyi Mapulanga Ciindi Ceyo Cigabba Gabba Citumwa-tumwa Igande Fwaka Sunu Kalolomi Kanwe Matoilete Ideede Madede Madeede Cifwumo Ijuunza Ozona Chitonga Citonga Misamuyacitonga Lulimi Mulaka Sunu kwasiya Cibelesyo Zibelesyo Lino Linya Bubanje Ajulu Atala Insonje Kapampu Lutantambeba Mazapuzapu Fulwe Inkaku Inondo Nondo Muyoba Ngaza Dolopo Idolopo Tauni Zintu zikoola Cilengwa Kulesya kumita Bang'anga Basololi bamuminzi Bakkale Tumpiyo Tunsiyansiya Cuuno cambwabikasa Citima Kuyambukila Kuyambukizya Simpulula Zyeendelo Dooti Silweendo Cisamu Musamu Makwa

All Nouns Tie Timber Time Time of plenty Tin can for food Tin can for food Tip Toad Tobacco Today Toe Toe Toilet Tomato Tomatoes Tomatoes Tomorrow Tomorrow Tomorrow Tonga language Tonga language Tonga medicine Tongue Tongue Tonight Tool Tools Tooth Tooth Toothless gums Top Top Top Top knob of ax Top of wall inside house Torn clothes Tortoise Tortoise Tortoise Tortoise Total rainclowd cover with rain Tower Town Town Town Toxicities Tradition Traditional family planning ways Traditional healers Traditional leaders Traditions Traditions Traditions Traditonal stool Train Transmission Transmission Transplant Transport Trash Traveller Tree Tree Tree bark Page 297

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

5 6 7 7 7 5 7 5 5 Na 12 12 6 5 6 6 7 5 Na 7 7 4 11 3 5 7 8 5 Na 14 5 5 5 12 11 6 1 5 5 9, 10 3 5 5 5 5 8 7 15 2 2 2 13 13 7 7 15 15 5 8 5 1 7 3 6

Yes No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Zyina zyamusamu Lulindi Lulindi Insalunsalu Musyobo Mapyopyongano Malikopo Buluke Bulukwe Impeta Minteelule Mweemba Cisiko Mubomba Lusyomo Lusinizyo Luunka Kwaanga luzyalo lwamukaintu Kakwekwe Bwabili Cikoto Kalukukuluku Inkaku Munyanga Katabi Buyeeye Kadinakadina Lubundubundu Luubeube Ikooye Maanga Mayanga Luzubo Musyobo Cizapule Ndikiti Nyemu mbwiila Libondwe Ibondww Bamooba Bungetengele Cigome Cisoongo Majilijili Mweendanjangula Mukupwi Inyemu Kampubu Mundyoli Mucinga Kuyabila Masabe Ikkwaambala Litobo Moongwe Mubombo Mububa Mubungabunga Mung'ongo Mupondo Musamba Musekese Musibi Musikili

All Nouns Tree name Trench Trenche Tribal marks Tribe Trouble Trouble maker Trousers Trousers Trumpet Trumpet Trumpet Trunk Trunk of elephant Trust Truth Tsetse fly Tubal ligation Tuberculosis (tb) Tuesday Tumour Turkey Turtle Tusk Twig Twigs Twilight Twilight Twilight Twine Twins Twins Type Type Type of dance Type of dance Type of hard grownd nut Type of herb Type of herb used as relish Type of masabe dance Type of masabe dance Type of masabe dance Type of masabe dance Type of masabe dance Type of masabe dance Type of mushroom Type of nut Type of plant Type of relish Type of shrub Type of solo singing Type of spirit possesion Type of thorny cucumber Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Type of tree Page 298

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

8 11 11 5 1 6 6 14 14 9 3 3 7 3 11 11 11 15 12 14 7 12 5 3 12 14 12 11 11 5 6 6 11 1 7 5 5 5 5 2 14 7 7 6 3 3 5 12 3 3 15 6 5 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ciyeema Sibandilwaabana Intamba Iwi Cikaambekaambe Itailo Ibbele Cilonda Ngoloolo Lukombokombo Lulila Ambulela Kaluli Acaleco Bacisya Bacisya Mutabi Cisani cakunsi Kabbudula Yunifoomu Bomwe Univesiti Simalwezya Nabutema Makoto Kasubilo Meenzyo Munsyu Citengwa Cizyalilo Kuyasa nyeleti Intoto Mpako yantoto Meenda akubukaintu Kulimbana kubukaintu Kuzwa meenda Musena Budima Cintu cidula Kwaanga luzyalo lwamwalumi Nyama yamoombe Cisyumani Imbewu Cisuwo Ilundu Isokwe Cisyiko Duze Iduze Kkoce Muduze Cicinda Tulumaluma Ceta Kwaanduka Inkausu Cinena Dokotela Musilisi wabanyama Cuundu Munzhi Munzi Mushi Bamuminzi

All Nouns Type of valley dance Type of wild cat Type of wild orange Type of wild orange Type of womens dance Tyre Udder Ulcer Ululation Umbilical cord Umbilical cord Umbrella Umbrella Uncle Uncle (polite) Uncles Uncut branch Underwear Underwear Uniform Unity University Unlucky person Unmarried person Unripe, hard or knotty thing Urethra Urine Urine Usage (habit) Uterus Vaccination Vagina Vagina Vaginal fluid Vaginal insertion Vaginal secretion Valley Valley dance Valuable thing Vasectomy Veal Vegetable Vegetables Veld Veld Veld Venue Verandah Verandah Verandah Verandah Verandah poles Vermin Vervet monkey Vesico vagina fistual Vest Vestibule Vet Vet Village Village Village Village Villagers Page 299

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

7 1 5 5 7 5 5 7 9, 10 11 11 5 13 1 2 2 3 7 12 5 14 7 1 1 6 12 6 3 7 7 15 5 5 6 15 15 3 14 7 15 5 7 5 7 5 5 7 5 5 5 3 7 13 7 15 5 7 1 1 7 3 3 3 2

No No No No No Yes No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No Yes No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na M Na

Kakuni Cisasa Muumbulu Kazunda kasyupa Mweenzu Yeyeela Mavitamini Vitamini Musena Ijwi Sikulyaaba Bapengede Sikube Ntoto Ing'ola Miyowe Cibuno Mucibuno Bwaanda Nsanza Bwaanda Inkondo Lumamba Makwebo Kasaansa Impu Inkondo Munjile Syankole Cakusambila Inko Bukome Mulonda Maanshi Maanzi Meenda Meenzhi Simeenda Naluvwi Sicikulo Nkeni Cikala Bubotu bwameenda Bunji bwameenda Malwazi ajatikene kumaanzi Kuzwa maanzi Lubalo Imbalo Iyuwe Bunzuka Inshila Inzila Nzila Mukoozu Muvwundu Bwami Mulesi Mulesi Kulesya Kusuma Bwiinga Mucado Bwatatu Insaku

All Nouns Violet tree snake Viper Virgin Virus Visitor Visualization Vitamins Vitamins Vlei Voice Volunteer Vulnerable people Vulture Vulva Wagon Wailling Waist Waist Wall Wall opposite door Walls War War Wares Warmth Wart Wart Warthog Warthog Wash place Wasp Waste Watchman Water Water Water Water Water affairs worker Water buck Water buck Water can Water hole Water quality Water quantity Water related diseases Water source Wattle Wattles Wave (of the sea, lake, etc) Wax Way Way Way Weak person Weal Wealth Weaned child Weaned child Weaning Weaving Wedding Wedding Wednesday Weeds Page 300

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 7 1 12 1 5 6 5 3 5 1 2 1 5 9 4 7 3 14 5 14 5 11 6 12 9 5 3 1 7 5 14 1 6 6 6 6 1 1 1 5 7 14 14 6 15 11 Na 5 14 5 5 5 1 3 14 1 1 15 15 14 3 14 5

No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Ns Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Lusyanga Insondo Mvwiki Nsondo Musunse Bwaanda Cikala Cikkeyi Mugodi Mugonti Simigoti Mupaale Kubambulula mugonti Kumbo Bukowa Musena Kufwumbwa Ivwili Ingolovwani Wilibbala Ciswepu Mukwilo Cikwibbukwibbu Kambizi Indweba Ludweba Munanze Inswa Mukuwa Uuli oonse Nabutema Kukomena Muka Munyembwa Insimba Muzuzi Umpe Inundu Masanga Maabu Manizimbilili Muuma Sicipongo Malizwida Munyumbwe Igwo Luwo Mpeyo Muuwo Muwa Muwo Cibalu Lukwakwa Windo Ibbaba Cisuwa Busongo Mulozi Mucape Bulozi Cifwunda ng'anga Maanu Mulozi Mukaintu

All Nouns Weeds Week Week Week Weevil Well Well Well Well Well Well digger Well dressed person Well improvement West Western culture Wetland Whatever Wheel Wheelbarrow Wheelbarrow Whip Whip Whipping Whirlwind Whistle Whistle White ant White flying ants out in december White man Whoever Widow Width Wife of Wild boar Wild cat Wild cat Wild dog Wild fruit like masuku Wild grass Wild orange Wild oranges Wild pig Wild pig Wild plants Wildebeest Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind Wind screen Wind-break Window Wing Winnowing basket Wisdom Witch Witch doctor Witchcraft Witchdoctor medicine Wits Wizard Woman Page 301

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

11 5 3 5 1 14 7 7 3 3 1 1 15 Na 14 3 15 5 5 5 7 3 7 12 5 11 1 5 1 3 1 15 1 1 5 1 1 5 6 6 6 1 1 6 1 5 11 5 3 3 3 7 11 5 5 7 14 1 1 14 7 6 1 1

No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mwanakazi Mutumbu Ida Bamakaintu Kabungwe kabamakaintu Nguzu zyabamakaintu Iseese Nkuni Cisaka Mubezi Mapulanga Zisamu Muungo Sokwe Simugomagoma Simugomampako Boya Bbala Ibbala Ijwi Mabala Mulimo Ncito Musabenzi Shimilimo Similimo Babelesi Inyika Nyika Ciluke Cicisa Citenge Mupenzi Incoko Lubuwa Intaamu Bbuwa Bunono Mwaka Mimena Mungunga waji Ijilo Jilo Ozona Ijoko Joko Bunsonje Musankwa Mulombe Mutumbu Mukubusi Musimbi Muce Mwanike Sinkondonyoko Uso Benzinyoko Bamabwaako Kulinywe Musazinyoko Lwizi Cibize Cibizi Imbizi

All Nouns Woman Woman who has born children Womb Women Women's club Women's rights Wonder Wood Wood (forest) Wood carver Wood planks Wood sticks Wooden ladle Woodlot Woodpecker Woodpecker Wool Word Word Word Words Work Work Worker Worker Worker Workers World World Worn out trousers Wound Wrapper Wretched person Wristlet Yard Yard (measurement) Yard (place) Yaws Year Yeast Yellow Yesterday Yesterday Yesterday Yoke Yoke Young maize Young male Young man Young nursing mother Young person Young woman Younger brother Youngster Your enemy Your father Your friends Your in laws Your mother Your relative Zambezi river Zebra Zebra Zebra Page 302

Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

1 1 5 2 12 10 5 5 7 1 6 8 3 1 1 1 14 5 5 5 6 3 5 1 Na 1 2 5 5 7 7 7 1 9 11 5 5 14 3 4 3 5 5 Na 5 5 14 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 15 1 11 7 7 9

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Verbs

Tonga Benda Konzya Sowa Cuzula Kolilimya Limiya Tukila Shindikila Sindikila Sindikila Tolooka Tama Tamina Kunga Vwuba Tumbusya Fubaala Sanganya Lunga Yungizya Ambauzya Bambene Cesya Ebela Nyomenenwa Njila Fugamina Londola Lailila Laya Limina Empa Mvwana Pangana Vwumina Zumina Tondeka Zumizya Sendelezya Zendekezya Sandula Gambya Kankamanizya Bambulula Gonka Kondelezya Sesya Senya Sangaula Nyemezyanya Simwina Ema Cima Nyemya Nanika Nana Ingula Kumbula Sandula Tyaba Vwiila

Verbs English `stalk (game) Able to Abort Abrase Abstain Abstain Abuse verbally Accompany Accompany Accompany Account for Accuse Accuse Accustomed Acquire Act as midwife Act foolishly Add Add salt Add to Address Adjoining Adjust Admire Admire Admitted, to be Adore Adorn Advise Advise Aerate Afflict Agree Agree Agree Agree Aim at Allow Allude to Allude to Alter Amaze Amaze Amend Amputate Amuse Amuse Amuse oneself Analyse Anger eachother Announce Announce a death Annoy Annoy Anoint Anoint oneself Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer Page 303

Part of speech Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Class Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I M Na Na Na

Vwuwa Syolekela Kunze Lilekelela Bonya Langika Yubuluka Gunukila Bbuka Pompa Inyamuka Bbuka Kambila Voleba Naniba Nana Swena Kazyanya Balizyanya Balizyanya Kazyanya Tenzya Etezya Empula Bamba Eba Ebela Bambila Shika Sika Sisyizya Sikila Muka Tanta Buzya Ipusha Komba Lomba Vwoomeka Yoboloka Yobolola Langalanga Gwasya Jafwa Kankamanizya Lungila Tapatila Saala Soka Zinga Sola Kwela Janika Eeleba Eleba Lindila Sinsimuka Sinsimuka Sinsimuna Alila Yoka Tengenezya Bbizya Papatisi

All Verbs Answer Answer rudely Apart from Apologize Appear Appear Appear Appear from other side Appear in view Appear in view Appear on the horizon Appear suddenly Applaud Applaud Apply ointment Apply ointment to oneself Approach Argue Argue about Argue about whose turn it is Argue with Arouse discontent in another Arouse pitty Arouse sexual passion Arrange Arrange a marriage Arrange a marriage for Arrange for Arrive Arrive Arrive along with Arrive at Arrive late Ascend Ask Ask Ask Ask Assemble Assemble (intransitive) Assemble (transitive) Assess Assist Assist Astound Atone for Attach to one who is bigger Attack Attack Attack as many Attempt Attract Available Avoid Avoid Await Awaken Awaken (intransitive) Awaken (transitive) Baffle Bake Balance on the head Baptise Baptise Page 304

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Kuwa Loozi Cincana Sintanta Samba Ba Li Lemena Zibe Puta Sunda Sundila Ebelezya Konzya Gama Vwula Zibila Ebeka Bonekelwa Laililwa Yoowa Kopana Ba kumbele Kozyanya Zumizidwe Gamba Kankamana Kankamuka Talwa Zoowa Yalukila mwida Lemana Nyema Kalalila Cimwa Bilika Gamba Gambwa Kankamuka Janika Bia Bija Delukisya Uminwa Loogwa Komena Lula Shia Ofwaala Fumpya Bila Cimwa Bumbwa Zyalilwa Zyalwa Tyoka Syokoka Umpika Gwitingana Jisi bubi Ulika Cenjela Bezeka Zibe

All Verbs Bark Bark string Barter Barter Bathe Be Be Be a burden for Be a eunuch Be a nuisance Be a nuisance Be a nuisance Be a spectator Be able Be absorbed in Be abundant Be accustomed to Be admirable Be admired Be advised Be afraid Be agitated Be ahead Be alike Be allowed Be amazed Be amazed Be amazed Be amazed Be amazed Be an adult from the womb Be angry Be angry Be angry with Be annoyed Be anxious Be astonished Be astonished Be astonished Be available Be bad Be bad Be badly torn Be beaten up Be bewitched Be big Be bitter Be black Be blind Be blunt Be boiling Be bored Be bored by termites Be born Be born Be broken Be broken (bones, etc) Be burnable Be busy Be busy Be buyable Be careful Be carvable Be castrated Page 305

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Teelekede Sanduka Salala Cenjela Panuka Jalide Zyila Sofweede Sofweede Kkutide Zulilila Kokede Pilingana Jikika Loma Balauka Ata Sondoka Zyeenyama Endeka Ata Ata Syondana Silikika Kosoka Lumaana Kosoka Cengwa Bbilwa Sofwaala Ccelesegwa Labalika Ciswamoyo Nyonyooka Zyandamana Indana Zandauka Ala Syupa Sofwaala Sofwaala Tyompwa Lengaana Sampuka Kuka Sululwa Cima Vwozegwa Kopana Nywigwa Unkila mumulonga Kolwa Zuma Ubauba Ligwa Panuka Pasaula Kotede Gunwa Nyana Tajisi Vula Eelena Pimya

All Verbs Be caught in vessel Be changed Be clean Be clever Be clever Be closed Be coming from Be completely defiled Be completely dirty Be completely full Be completely full Be completely thin Be confused Be cookable Be correct Be countable Be cramp for space Be crazy Be crooked Be crossable Be crowded Be crowded Be crushed together Be curable Be cut Be dangerous Be decided Be decieved Be deep Be defiled Be delayed Be delirious Be depressed Be destroyed Be determined Be different Be different from Be difficult Be difficult Be dirty Be dirty Be disappointed Be discouraged Be discrased Be dislodged Be displeased Be distrastful to Be distributed Be disturbed Be drinkable Be drowned Be drunk Be dry Be easy Be eaten Be educated Be eloquent Be emaciated Be embarrassed Be embarrassed Be empty Be enough Be even Be examined Page 306

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Dula Ugwa Luulwa Cimwa Yangala Zwide Cimwa Janika Saala Sanguna Taanguna Yambika Ziima Tondwa Lubide Bambikana Pwayika Liiba Ikuta Kkuta Sula Zula Zulilila Yolwa Kwaaba Pegwa Yuna Bota Nyaana Zukazuka Tintimana Kkomana Tangala Syupa Zuma Lema Lemena Dedema Loma Lomenye Kasaala Pya Bomba Licesya Ciswa Lemenena Ala Pilingana Koledwe Santula Ciswa Vwubide Imvwi Sofweede Sondokede Ciswide Mvwide Bede Cengeme Ubilide Lilela Bulila Nyonokela Loma

All Verbs Be expensive Be fallen on by rain Be famous Be fed up Be few Be filled up Be filled with distate Be findable Be finished off Be first Be first Be fit for swimming Be foolish Be forbidden Be forgotten Be formed Be fragile Be free Be full Be full Be full Be full Be full to the brim Be gathered up Be generous Be given Be glimpsed Be good Be greedy Be guessing Be half submerged Be happy Be happy Be hard Be hard Be heavy Be heavy for Be hoarse Be honest Be honest Be hot Be hot Be humble Be humble Be ill Be important Be impossible Be in commotion Be in drunken state Be in heat Be in pain Be in possession of Be in standing position Be in state of dirtiness Be in state of madness Be in state of sickness Be in state of understanding Be in the state of Be in unbalanced state Be inaccessable Be independent Be insufficient Be jealous Be kind Page 307

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bulila Sunkuta Elezya Syaalila Ccelwa Celwa Muka Kwekela Tolwaala Zwizya Ceede Siide Uba Koshana Kunga Ceya Lendelela Lampa Zyeenyama Soweka Sweeka Lobela limwi Syomeka Gauka Sondoka Ubilwe ubilwe Fula Ela Pimya Sangana Enenzunuka Ungumana Fula Vwula Tegwa Ulikwa Cimwa Vwundauka kumoyo Pya Ina Ubilila Pegwa Cembaala Sinkuka Minwa Vwola Cisa Cokoma Manika Zyingwa Tulukila Donkoka Tuluka Botelwa Kondwa Kolwa Cetaala Nyumanyuma Konzeka Konzuka Twigwa Bbonsyeka Libambile Tyankwatyankwa

All Verbs Be lacking Be lame Be last Be last Be late Be late Be late Be laying eggs (hen) Be lazy Be leaking Be left behind Be left behind Be light Be like Be likely Be little Be lonely Be long Be lopsided Be lost Be lost Be lost forever Be loyal Be mad Be mad Be made easier Be many Be measured Be measured Be mixed together Be molten Be morose Be much Be much Be named Be named Be nauseated Be nauseated Be new Be not Be not easy to reach Be offered Be old Be opened Be overburdened Be paid Be painful Be painful Be patchable Be perplexed Be piercable Be pierced Be pierced Be pleased Be pleased Be poisoned Be poor Be poor Be possible Be possible to do Be pounded Be preferable Be prepared Be pressed Page 308

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bota Vwuula Kwelwa Salala Tuna Muzyika Umina Umuna Ungumana Obola Deluka Bizwa Salala Subila Tooka Sinkuka Bikkilila Vwuba Bizwa Pya Fwidwa Bola Usa Futuka Ambika Sempuzya Ikuta Kkuta Mwaika Tantaana Bonwa Bwene Siminide Unya Andaana Kobosegwa Bosya Bula Ciswa Ungana Umuna Kotede Fundika Onya kumaulu Fukula Tezemuka Kokobela Ceya Cegwa Bomba Teteeta Zukila Minwa Usa Anduka Tika Tiimana Twigwa Kalikana Minwa Mama Bbigwa Lesegwa Tuna

All Verbs Be pretty Be promiscuous Be pulled Be pure Be queer (traditional sense) Be questionable Be quiet Be quiet Be quiet Be quiet of heart Be ragged Be ready for cooking Be red Be red Be reduced Be removed as an obstacle Be revengeful Be rich Be ripe Be ripe (fruit) Be robbed of Be rotten Be sad Be safe Be said Be sarcastic Be satiated Be satisfied Be scattered Be scattered Be seen Be seen Be self supporting Be selfish Be seperate Be seperated Be sharp Be short of Be sick Be sickly Be silent Be skin and bone Be skinnable Be sleepless Be sleepy Be slippery Be slow Be small Be snared Be soft Be soft Be soft Be sore Be sorry Be split Be split Be spoiled (person) Be stamped Be steadfast Be stiff Be stingy Be stolen Be stopped Be strange Page 309

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Fundika Zuma Anda Dinkilwa Puuma Lobelwa Syomede Gamba Gambwa Kankamana Nyandwa Zoowa Zingulukide Ina Lweela Nona Nunkila Zimba Tondwa Gusigwa Bukilwa Luulwa Iisigwa Sunkwa Zinzuka Zimaana Pimya Koka Kotela Nyana Pupungana Tungumana Katala Katasya Katazya Bambana Vwulisya Ala Deluka Yauka Zapuka Penga Penzegwa Katazya Vwundamuka Bija Didinkana Alila Cengama Bija Sofwaala Fuba Swiililika Bija Tuna Tuna Zibila Maninina Dokotwa Bbatilwa Botesya Tangala Lampisya Boneka

All Verbs Be strippable Be strong Be struck by lightning Be stuffed Be stupid looking Be sunk in mud Be sure Be surprised Be surprised Be surprised Be surprised Be surprised Be surrounded Be sweet Be sweet Be sweet Be sweet smelling Be swolen Be taboo Be taken out Be taken possesion by Be talked about Be taught Be tempted Be tepid Be terminated Be tested Be thin Be thin Be thin Be thin Be thoughtful Be tired Be tireing Be tiring Be together Be too much Be too much for one Be torn Be torn Be torn Be troubled Be troubled Be troublesome Be turned over Be ugly Be ugly Be unable Be unbalanced Be unclean Be unclean Be uncooked (nsima) Be understandable Be unfortunate Be unsuitable Be unusual Be used to Be utterly & completely finished Be vaccinated Be very busy Be very good Be very happy Be very long Be visible Page 310

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Yutuka Endeka Kasaala Loba Teteeta Vwuba Lemedwe Tambulwa Pona Laa Bula Kutaukwa Penga Lembwa Pilingana Shala Bikilila Zyala Bbonta Uma Vunkumuna Bbwaluka Tweta Konkoozya Vwapula Lindula Umya lukwasyo Tinka Obola Ba Zibila Bilila Bbuma Diimana Dukumana Ongomana Baya Sitikila Tontwede Lulama Kanduka Lemana Fumuka Yuma Fuluka Jilimana Bunda Duka Neneya Pusama Yuma Komena Caalizya Kula Fuundana Cembaala Sima Kupuka Lengaana Tumpa Fwiimpa Umuna Bunda-bunda Teta

All Verbs Be visible Be walkable Be warm Be waterlogged Be weak Be wealthy Be weighted down Be welcomed Be well Be with Be without Be worked upon Be worried Be written Be wrong Bear Bear a grudge against Bear children Beat Beat Beat (carpet) Beat fast (heart) Beat normally (heart) Beat out rhythm with stick Beat upon Beat with a stick Beat with iron rod used in cooking Beating of a drum Beckon Become Become accustomed Become angry Become barren Become bent Become bent Become bent Become blind Become calm Become cool Become correct Become cowardly Become deformed Become detached Become dry Become emaciated Become erect Become faded Become famous Become fat Become flaccid Become hard Become large Become last Become mature Become narrow Become old Become old Become prosperous Become remiss Become septic Become short Become silent Become slightly faded Become soft Page 311

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Ola Lulama Nyongana Teta Bunda Bede Kumbila Sunza Kombelela Linga Shala Kanka Sanguna Talika Limbamusaka Unza Talisya Bbya Syoma Boba Yandika Eta Kotama Tifuka Sintama Dingama Onga Kombelezyezya Komba Bejelana Bejelezya Lekelezya Cenjela Lowa Libungula Luma Sinkila Dinkila Vulula Fwula Unga Covoola Mine Bbubbula Fulida Fwulida Fumpya Tantila Dunda Sanka Twangila Bila Bizya Bambana Cima Sumpa Donkola Kolota Kweleta Kotama Sintama Kotamina Dunda Luka

All Verbs Become stiff Become straight Become upset Become wet Become worn Been, become Beg Beg a trifle Beg for Beg for money Beget Begin Begin Begin Begin a hard journey Begin to brew beer Begin with Belch Believe Bellow Beloved Bend Bend Bend a joint Bend down head Bend over Bend the body Beseach earnestly for Beseech Bet Betray Betray Beware Bewitch Bind oneself to do Bite Block Block hole with sticks Bloom Blow Blow as wind Blow bubbles Blow ones nose Blow strongly Blow upon Blow upon Blunt Board Boast Boast Boast Boil Boil Border Bore Bore (weevils) Bore a hole Borrow Borrow Bow Bow ones head Bow to Brag Braid Page 312

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bbansula Pwaika Pwaya Tyola Muntula Soka Mwaya Loboka Donkola Ganka Suna Komoona Umputula Sula Nyonsya Yeeka Yoya Yeeka Yoya Kumba Engelamusa Eta Leta Etelela Moobole Letela Letela Swenya Letya Kumba Mba Cumba Cumba meno Kwasa Kwasila Yaka Zaka Yasya Syuuka Ida Pya Tenta Umbu Umpa Yaka Zaka Silila Idizya Fumba Bboloka Bbosyoka Zika Zikka Loozi Kagulugulu Dinka Kopela Ula Ulila Kankamuka Ita Tamba Sosya Bungana

All Verbs Break Break Break Break Break (rope) Break (rope) Break down Break from Break into Break off conversation Break off lump of nsima Break up clods Break up clods Break wind Breast feed Breath Breath Breathe Breathe Brew Bride cooks first time for family Bring Bring Bring along Bring down with a hook Bring for Bring to Bring together Bring with Brood Brood Brush Brush teeth Bubble Bubble Build Build Build with Burgeon Burn Burn Burn Burn Burn Burn Burn Burn food Burn very much Burrow Burst Burst (intransitive) Bury Bury Bush rope Bustle Butt Button Buy Buy for Cackle Call Call Call dogs off Call together Page 313

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Inga Kunuka Bamba Popa Bambila Bbala Bweza Leta Tola Yumuna Letela Tolela Yumwida Yumwida Yumuna Bbala Pilika Tengenezya Letela Tembala Besa Beza Waala Ziba Jata Zwezya Lobo Zuba Kwaba Bbaatikizya Jatilila Tumbatila Nyongana Yobozya Toosya Usya Letya Yasya Ulisya Misya Jisya Limya Tenzya Selusya Nywisya Binzya Njizizya Losya Wisya Losezya Yoosya Dilisya Mvwisya Jatya Binzya Jazya Lonzya Lonzya Pozya Twikka Pilusya Bozya Yobya Fwebya

All Verbs Can Capsize Care Care Care for Carry Carry Carry Carry Carry Carry for Carry for Carry for Carry in Carry on shoulders Carry on the back Carry on the head Carry on the head Carry to Carry together Carve Carve Cast Castrate Catch Catch a glimpse Catch fish Catch fish Catch in flight Catch in the act Catch into Catch with both hands Cause a commotion Cause someone to keep for you Cause to be reduced Cause to be sad Cause to bring Cause to build Cause to buy Cause to concieve Cause to cook Cause to cultivate Cause to cut Cause to descend Cause to drink Cause to drive, drive with Cause to enter for Cause to fall Cause to fall Cause to fall for Cause to fear Cause to finish drinking Cause to hear Cause to hold Cause to hurry Cause to kill Cause to migrate Cause to move Cause to move residence Cause to put on head Cause to return Cause to rot Cause to shout Cause to smoke Page 314

Auxiliary verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Imika Imika Lesya Nontozya Anzya Kkazika bulwazi Layilila Leka Sekelela Linda Tembaula Cinca Sandula Tinta Tanda Tanda Izya Izya Kanana Yooma Cenga Pima Zulazula Tafwuna Sala Syaba Gonka Sambaula Sala Ulika Yobu Kamba Kamba mvwula Kamba Vwobela Vwobela Salazya Sanzya Salazya Sinkulula Toyola Gongaula Liza Tanta Jala Muma Funya Jatauka Ongelezya Ongolezya Songelezya Zingayila Tontola Dilika Kolomoka Kunga Yobolola Teleka Tebba Telekela Telekezya Telesya Boola Isa

All Verbs Cause to stand Cause to stop Cause to stop Cause to stumble Cause to tie, tie with Causing to sit immodestly Caution Cease Celebrate Celebrate evening before event Celebrate the praises of Change Change Change Chase Chase away Chat Chat Chat Chat Cheat Check Check Chew Choose Choose future wife Chop Chop up Chose Christen Clamour Clap Clap for rain Clap hands Clap with cupped hands Clap with respect Clean Clean Cleanse Clear an obstruction Clear ones throat Clear the fields of growths Climb Climb Close Close mouth Close the eyes Clutch at Coax Coax Coax Coil around Cold Collapse Collapse Collect Collect Collect as water Collect firewood Collect in pools (intransitive) Collect in pools (transitive) Collect tax Come Come Page 315

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na 8, 10 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M

Iza Koza Ziza Zya Piluka Pinguluka Londa Swa Zwa Zyila Puzauka Kuka Vwa Zwa Doomoka Mana Zyiba Labila Pyalweendo Lalika Njilila Tanga Lowa Sindaila Elana Ezya Ezyanya Enzyanya Indana Zundana Zundana Syolooka Tamauka Tongooka Mana Zuminina Vuninina Indide Teela Teelela Tobela Anza Dyaminina Mita Sukama Inganya Kopenganya Nyonganya Zendekezya Zunda Sumina Vwumina Zumina Telaika Ebelela Tobelela Ning'ina Kazya Ambaula Ambuula Bandika Kusuntuka Ika Jika

All Verbs Come Come Come Come Come back Come back Come for a reason Come from Come from Come from Come off (skin) Come out Come out from Come out from Come pouring out Come to an end Come to know Command Commence a journey Commit adultery Commit adultery Commit adultery Commit witch-craft Compact Compare Compare Compare eachother Compete Compete Compete Compete with Complain Complain Complain Complete Completely dry up Completely protect Completely surpass Comply Comply Comply Compose Compress Conceive Concentrate on Confuse Confuse Confuse Connote Conquer Consent Consent Consent Consider Constantly see Continue Contort Contradict Converse Converse Converse Convulse Cook Cook Page 316

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

I Na I Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na I Na

Teleka Tenta Jisya Ola Tontozya Tontomona Limba Bambulula Kola Bala Eba Limba Vumba Vunika Vwikkila Vwumba Vwunika Vwikila Tonga Tonzya Umbulizya Kalaba Yavula Lenga Panga Kakaila Nonga Vumbuka Impana Kosola Zabuka Landuka Subuka Zabuka Ingana Kosola Landuka Sotoka Zubuka Vwubuka Dunta Ubila Kolomoka Minya Pwaya Syonda Pwazya Lila Lilila Ompolola Onzomoka Ongolola Kolobeka Kuzya Lima Limina Ponya Sengula Silika Gonka Lwezya Singa Gonka Kosola

All Verbs Cook Cook Cook with Cool Cool Cool off (ones anger) Copulate Correct Cough Count Court Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover Cover with earth Crack joints Crack joints Cradle baby Crawl Crawl Create Create Creep along Criticise Crop up Cross Cross Cross Cross a river Cross a river Cross a river Cross each other Cross over Cross over Cross over Cross over (river, etc) Cross, cross over Crouch Crowd around Crumble Crush Crush Crush Crush with Cry Cry for Cry out Cry out Cry out for mercy Cultivate Cultivate Cultivate Cultivate for Cure Cure Cure Curse Curse Curse Cut Cut Page 317

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Nn Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Nenga Tenda Nenga Temenena Temena Gonka Tema Teba Tebba Kosweeda Jwa Gela Tendaula Sabaula Gonkolola Juba Kosaula Tenzya Tenda Ccovwa Bisya Ca Shana Zyana Dabana Mata Ca Towa Samununa Bola Cenga Epula Onga Unina Upaika Kosola Tunta Kuceya Zimbuluka Aalila Koma Vwuna Yuminina Musya Ccelesya Futula Futusya Tumbusya Sesa Koola Mwaya Unka Tula Buzya Nyanga Nyaya Selemuka Seluka Lekelezya Syomonona Nyansya Sampaula Sebaanya Ubula

All Verbs Cut Cut Cut (flesh) Cut down completely Cut down for Cut down trees Cut down trees Cut firewood Cut firewood Cut for Cut grass Cut hair Cut into pieces Cut into small pieces Cut off Cut short Cut up Cut with Cut with knife Cycle Damage Dance Dance Dance Dance with rapid steps Daub Dawn Dazzle De-robe Decay Deceive Deceive Deceive Deceive Deceive Decide Decompose Decrease Decrease (swelling) Defeat Defeat Defend Dehydrate Delay Delay a person Deliver Deliver Deliver a child Demand Demolish Demolish Depart Deposit Deprive Deprive Deprive Descend Descend Desert Despair of Despise Despise Despise Despise Page 318

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Mwaya Nyonaula Nyonyauna Nyonyoona Onaula Zonaula Fumuna Kalika Zumizya Sumpuka Sumpula Fwa Tontwede Zimina Fwida Fwida Fwidilila Impana Fumba Sya Ubya Dibba Sunsa Sunsa Bbilila Nuunuka Zeta Tyompya Sowa Jene Salulula Bandika Kanana Seluka Kula Sebaanya Mwaika Sangaula Mwayika Upaupa ameso Kasya Abila Kusundila Fwukuma Cunda cunda Abila Sonda Cita Balana Soka Licitila Indilizya Setekanya Londola Lomona Londola Bija Indide Dooneka Fukula Kwela Tekela Teka Lota

All Verbs Destroy Destroy Destroy Destroy Destroy Destroy Detach Detain Determine Develop Develop Die Die Die Die for Die to Die utterly Differ Dig Dig Dilute Dip cattle Dip food into relish Dip lump of nsima into relish Disappear Disappear Disappear from view Disappoint Discard Discover Discriminate Discuss Discuss Disembark Dislodge Disparage Disperse Disperse Dispose Dissemble Dissuade Distribute Disturb another persons property Disturb coals Disturbed Divide Divine Do Do by turns Do first Do for oneself Do in excess Do perfectly Do properly Do something that breaks taboo Do well Do wrong Dominate Doubt Doze Draw Draw for someone Draw water Dream Page 319

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na M Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Sama Foola Donkola Lulumwina Nwa Nywa Senga Nywida Nywida Nywida Ecizya Binga Enzeenzya Lubulula Tanda Binga Cayila Nyunyanyunya Loka Nyika Yandika Yumya Ampa Yuminina Kunkumuna Pwayika Jikika Yokeka Lya Lida Lida Lida Tomoona Lyaalyaa Lisya Lalila Buya Buza Pembeka Iisya Saalizya Pandulula Sala Tizyanya Tizya Gunya Bosya Fumbata Kumbata Opa Njizya Oneka Sebenzya Kulwaizya Yumyayumya Zimaana Jimpa Jinsya Zumanaana Kkomana Njila Njilila Kondelezya Kombelesya

All Verbs Dress Drill (soldiers) Drill a hole Drink Drink Drink Drink beer Drink for Drink from Drink to Drive Drive animals Drive around Drive away Drive away Drive cattle Drive cattle Drizzle Drop Drown Dry Dry Dry something Dry up completely Dust Easy to break Easy to cook Easy to roast Eat Eat at Eat for Eat from Eat little of Eat quickly Eat relish Eat the evening meal Eat without relish Eat without relish Eavesdrop Educate Egg on Elaborate Elect Elope together Elope with Embarrass Embellish Embrace Embrace Embrace Employ Employ Employ Encourage Encourage End End (intransitive) End (transitive) Endure Enjoy Enter Enter for Entertain Entrust oneself to Page 320

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Elanya Zima Kokolola Lubizya Loboka Sindikila Tangede Tangana Zelenganya Kumona mulimo mbowenda Pima Sinta Anzyanya Yintizya Ambuka Nia Ambukila Jatila Tamaukila Taminizya Gusyamuya Syoma Piilla Sundauka Pandulula Zubulula Pandulwida Zima Zubula Gwisya Zwisya Lida Buluka Lela Netuka Wezuka Wisuka Syomeka Wa Mbwela Lola Limba Kulumbuka Bindamuka Wida Batauka Kunkumuka Wida Limbamusaka Kuka Tombawida Lima Limisya Tamikizya Boowa Tia Tija Yoowa Sanina Somba Kusya Mvwa Yuminwa Sesemwa

All Verbs Equalize Erase Erode Err Escape Escort Establish companionship Establish friendship Evade the issue Evaluate Examine Exchange Exchange greetings Excite Excrete Excrete Excrete upon Excuse Excuse oneself Excuse oneself Exhale Expect Expel watter from mouth ritually Experiment Explain Explain Explain to Extinguish Extracate Extract Extract Extract honey from bee hive Fade completely Fail to reach Faint Faint Faint Faithful Fall Fall (fruit) Fall down Fall down upon Fall from a tree Fall head over heals Fall in Fall off Fall off Fall on Fall on the forest Fall out (teeth) Fall upon Farm Farm diligently Faulsely accuse Fear Fear Fear Fear Feed Feed a stranger Feed till satiated Feel Feel badly in need of Feel disgust Page 321

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Leendelelwa Sesemwa Etezya Senda Usya Myonga Etezegwa Upaupa ameso Fwisyafwisya Temena Tema Zabusya Zabusya Landusya Londa Teka Jola Lwa Lwana Lwida Jana muzeezo Swayila Vuzya Vwuzya Zusya Zuzya Shilulula Vwikkila Zula Jana Yana Mana Zimina Manina Manizya Saulula Manide Kotoka Fusa Loba Zela Zuba Elele Elela Bambulula Pinga Bbubbumuka Vulumuka Zwela Ena Epula Pekema Lunga Ccija Tia Tija Ccija Tizya Lubuluka Kunka Fwusukila Fulula Luba Laba

All Verbs Feel lonely Feel nausea Feel pity Feel remorse Feel shame Feel stomach pain Feel sympathy Feign Feign death Fell for Fell trees Ferry across Ferry across (river, etc) Ferry over Fetch Fetch Fetch back Fight Fight Fight for Figure out File Fill Fill Fill Fill Fill in Fill in Fill up Find Find Finish Finish Finish for Finish off Finish off a person Finish off completely Finish work Fire a shot Fish Fish with a net Fish with basket-net Fit Fit (for a suit, etc) Fix Fix by wedging Flap wings Flare up (anger, etc) Flash Flatter Flatter Flaunt Flavour Flee Flee Flee Flee in fear Flee with Flit to avoid trouble Flow Flow over Flower Flower Flush Page 322

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Aluka Lundumuka Uluka Aluluka Vunga Tobela Tobelezya Sisinkana Intila Zilyo Sinikizya Asama Enzu Fula Luba Engelela Lekela Lekelela Tungana Njilila Tanga Lalika Anza Atuka Anda Konga Yoosya Konga Simbula Kanga Simpana Zuzya Takata Lima mbewu Sukulula Tevva Bungana Bunganya Lundika Ebela Ebela Mena Sonsa Tambula Bbilingana Zyibila Zwa Bbobokela Kkazika Sweeka Seluka Kaleka Sosoloka Tantamuka Vwuba Sitilila Salamukila Fuma Vuntamuka Nama Abila Pa Pilusya Tumbuka

All Verbs Fly Fly Fly Fly over Fold Follow Follow along Follow close together Fond of Food Force Force the mouth open Foreign Forge Forget Forgive Forgive Forgive Form a line Fornicate Fornicate Fornication Found Free from trouble Freeze Frighten Frighten Frighten away Frown Fry Fulfil Fulfil Fuss Garden Gargle Gather firewood Gather together Gather together (transitive) Gather up Gaze Gaze at in admiration Germinate Germinate Get Get a move on Get accustomed to Get away Get bogged Get into place Get lost Get off (transport) Get off work Get out of the way Get out of the way Get rich Get rid of an evil charm Get turned over into Get up early Get up from lying face down Get wet Give Give Give back Give birth Page 323

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Zyala Zyalila Somona Zyalila Peda Zyiba Zyondola Ulika Pakamisa Vozya Insinzya Lemenezya Libenga Nywisya Ng'aima Ng'aima Mweka Yaka Cecetula Enda Kuunka Unka Ya Endeenda Vwakaca Zulumuka Zinguluka Lubila Sweeka Ya buyo Ukilalyo Gama Bbila Selemuka Sakana Lyeenela Ingana Tungana Simuka Palauka Enda amaulu Inka Unka Tombayila Wila Penda Puna Tanta Ingana Zemba Endelezya Kwempa Vwampila Cela Anzya Gaya Kwiya Gaya Ziya Ampa Ampa-ampa Fwunga Komena Kuzya

All Verbs Give birth Give birth for Give birth for the first time Give birth to Give for Give knowledge Give medicine to retain affection Give name to Give oneself airs Give out Give place to Give respect to Give yourself Given to drink Gleam Glitter Glow Glow Gnaw Go Go Go Go Go about Go about Go about aimlessly Go around Go astray Go astray Go away Go away for good Go direct Go down Go down hill Go far away Go free Go from pillar to post Go in line Go off in a hurry Go on and pay no heed Go on foot Go ones way Go ones way Go reluctantly Go to fresh pasture Go to the bad with drink Go under Go up Go wrong morally Going up and down Govern Grab Grab Graze Greet Grind Grind to dust Grind with a mill Grind with stone Grope Grope Grow Grow Grow Page 324

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Lima Mena Kula Inyamuka Menena Kula Koka Komenakomena Tenga Londa Ezyeezya Zukula Enzya Abanya Gagayila Tambika Tambika Tambikizya Fumbatila Jatauka Sulama Anzika Tuzukuza Citika Yumya Bisya Cisa Anga Limuna Tebula Zubwide Zubwide Fwaamba Fwaambana Binzya Konkona Kumba Koyeka Slaika Sula Zonda Sulana Susa Cite Jisi Kwete Lebukilwa Kagutulo Bbidwa Jisi bubi Soomona Soomona Yaluka Nununa Zyede Yasya Nyonga Ina Ugwa Myongosana Syasyamuna Imvwi Konzya Loma

All Verbs Grow Grow Grow (intransitive) Grow big (clouds) Grow for Grow old Grow thin Grow up Grumble Guard Guess Guess Guide Halve Hammer in a nail Hand Hand out Hand up Handle Handle Hang downwards Hang up Hank Happen Harden Harm Harm Harness Harvest Harvest Has been picked up Has been taken up Hasten Hasten Hasten (transitive) Hatch Hatch (an egg) Hate Hate Hate Hate Hate one another Haul continuously Have Have Have Have a stroke Have bad name Have been stolen from Have business Have diarrhoea Have dysentery Have first menstruation Have first teeth Have given birth Have immunizations Have labour pains Have not Have rain upon oneself Have severe stomach pains Have steady pains or contractions Have stood completely Have the ability Have upright character Page 325

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Sambala Swika Yukila Lundika Mvwa Teelela Nyonanyona Gwasya Jafwa Yovwa Twika Eembela Embela Wayawaya Sisa Yusa Yuba Sisikizya Celezya Sendelezya Uma Umina Gankila Lima Epa Jata Kwata Jatisya Jatya Kwenga Lemenezya Sotoka Syoma Peekezya Ng'ung'una Fwima Vwima Weza Weza Waala Bbilingana Binda Fwaamba Fwaambana Kutula Umpuka Wiika Wiika Dyalauka Lengela Zalikizya Yasa Yandika Lungisya Misya Sumpula Botesya Malizya Zuzya Yungizya Kumba Yambukizya Tundulula Lubukizya

All Verbs Hawk Heal Heal (wound) Heap up Hear Hear Hedge Help Help Help Help put load on head Herd Herd Hesitate Hide Hide in the shade Hide oneself Hiding from Hinder Hint at Hit Hit for Hobble with a stick Hoe Hoe a path Hold Hold Hold tightly Hold with Hone Honour Hop Hope Hope for (something impossible) Hum Hunt Hunt Hunt Hunt Hurl Hurry Hurry Hurry Hurry Ignite Ignore Ignore Ignore Ignore on purpose Imagine Imagine Immunize Important Impose a fine Impregnate Improve Improve (transitive) In turns Increase Increase (transitive) Incubate Infect Inflict pain Inform Page 326

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Naanizya Njizya muyo Kona Angazina Kona Soka Vundika Kuzika Kwikka Njizya Zumanaana Langisya Yanzila Lazya Lubukizya Naanizya Sampula Tukila Tukuna Nonezya Pandulula Gansya Ambaula Kola Bweka Lengelezya Zalikizya Sandamuna Ita Tamba Ccisa Tilila Ibe Ngu Baba Baba Sanka Sanka Weela Weelela Swaanya Enda Beteka Sesa Sotooka Sotoka Ile Yoba Yobola malembe Uma Jaya Yaya Jayana Jayila Leba Jazya Kunka Myonta Kanda Fugama Fugama Luka Yasaula Konkoola

All Verbs Inform Inhale Inherit Inherit name of the dead Inherit name of the dead Initiate Initiate a girl Initiate girl Insert Insert Insist Inspect Inspect Instruct Instruct Instruct Insult Insult Insult Interest Interpret Interrupt Interview Intoxicate Inveigh against Invent Invent Invert Invite Invite Iron Irrigate It becomes It is Itch Itch Jeer Jeer Jeer Jeer Join Journey Judge Judge Jump Jump over Just Keep Keep records Kick Kill Kill Kill each other Kill for Kill initiation cattle Kill with Kindle Kiss Kneed Kneel Kneel down Knit Knock about Knock at a door Page 327

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Losya Losezya Kulumbula Kaleka Banga Shiba Zi Zyi Zyiba Zibisya Beleka Bula Ema Cucu Seka Sekaseka Sekesya Cecesya Tula Yubilila Endelezya Enzya Solola Kwabula Sweka Zwizya Yaama Yaama Yaamika Funda Inka Leka Shia Siya Siya Siila Lekela Vundika Abila Lampya Amuka Leka Zumizya Pasula Wisya Myankuta Beja Lala Vwalama Bbunta Vwuntama Salama Vwundama Lazika Nyamuna Nuka Domeka Kunka Kwenyuna Yasya Munika Ubya Yanda Zanda

All Verbs Knock down Knock down for Knock down from a tree Knock off Knock out the front teeth Know Know Know Know Know well Labour Lack Lament for dead Large house rat Laugh Laugh all the time Laugh greatly Lay eggs Lay eggs Lay in ambush Lead Lead Lead Lead a song so that others follow Leak Leak Lean Lean against Lean against Learn Leave Leave Leave Leave Leave behind Leave behind for Leave for Leave to ripen Lend Lengthen Lessen (for rain) Let Let Let blood Let fall Lick Lie Lie down Lie face down Lie in the dust Lie on face Lie on the back Lie on the face Lie someone down Lift Lift up head Light (candle, etc) Light a fire Light a match Light match etc Light up Lighten Like Like Page 328

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I

Yandisya Dyabila Swiilila Teelelesya Pembeka Swiililana Mvwacinkuli Mvwacinkuli Kkala Pona Ongola Kiya Kkiya Langa Langika Langaula Bamba Lela Zibauka Ebela Langilizya Sintama Janina Kapula Vwenta Yandaula Boneka Ebelezya Lungumana Sowa Sweekelwa Zakala Syomonona Inkila Sampuka Sweekelwa Fwidwa Pasuka Lutila Sampuka Yanda Zanda Yandana Yandisya Josya Butika Umbulizya Sukama Intila Zipopwe Bamba Cita Lenga Panga Yalabulo Yobu Kutula Fubaazya Lubizya Sabila Pangana Umakabila Yobu Nyemya

All Verbs Like very much Limp Listen Listen attentively Listen carefully Listen to eachother Listen to gourd Listen to witchdoctor Live Live Live long Lock Lock Look Look Look about Look after Look after Look all around Look at Look at Look down Look for Look for Look for Look for Look like Look on Look up Loose Loose Loose esteem Loose hope Loose ones footing Loose ones good name Loose things Lose Lose blood Lose ones temper (with) Lose power Love Love Love one another Love very much Lower the price Lull a child to sleep Lull baby Lust after Mad for Maize Make Make Make Make Make a bed Make a commotion Make a fire Make a fool of oneself Make a mistake Make a noise Make agreement with eachother Make an outcry Make an uproar Make angry Page 329

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Yaya Komezya Luzya Luzizya Fumpa Tinka Pangana Lomya Lulanika Lizya Lubya Sanzana Menesya Lomeka Lomya Lomya Sekesya Sesya Lendelezya Lampya Senda Zabana Londola Panga coongo Sabila Zilula Taya Likasyakasya Lilisya Bumba Etezya Bumbaila Ambila Zyula Syola Minya Lulanika Fulusya Kkazya Mvwisya Lomeka Kasaazya Zinji Simba Enga Tataniswa Twala Kwata Kwatwa Tatanisa Tantaniswa Alika Alika Zukila Inga Ela Ela Pima Elana Kumana Swaana Swaana Swaana Swaanganya

All Verbs Make bed Make big Make bitter Make bitter for Make blunt Make bored Make contract Make correct Make correct Make cry Make forget Make friends Make germinate Make honest Make honest Make kind Make laugh Make laugh Make lonely Make long Make love to Make mischief Make neat Make noise Make noise Make one unconcious Make oneself liable to be enslaved Make oneself unwilling Make oneself weep Make pottery Make sad Make smooth Make someone talk Make something move Make sound with tongue Make stiff Make straight Make thin Make to sit Make understand Make upright Make warm Many (things) Mark Mark out Married in a church Marry Marry (for a man) Marry (for a woman) Marry (man) Marry (woman) Marry more than one wife Marry the second wife Masticate Maybe Measure Measure Measure Measure eachother Meet Meet Meet Meet Meet Page 330

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Auxiliary verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 18 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na I

Swaangana Swaana Yaaya Enenzunuka Enzemuka Enzununa Yaazya Bamba Suminina Yaluka Ya kumwezi Unga Longa Kama Gaya Popa Sowa Zula Yeeya muntu Kopenganya Sanganya Vwela Zukila Golonga Bona mulimo mbowenda Kolopa Zikoboko Bumba Monsauka Liza Tantila Omoka Longa Puta Putauka Cuta Sosoloka Longela Zunga Lonzya Insuka Pola Jaya Ng'ung'una Elede Elele Kankamina Banda Tega Ulika Kanana Cima Sesemya Yanda Ciba Selu Enzu Ulikizya Zalikizya Syuuntuka Kasya Bulila Bulila Nyumanyuma

All Verbs Meet each other Meet eachother Melt Melt (intransitive) Melt (intransitive) Melt (transitive) Melt (transitive) Mend Mend by sewing Menstrate Menstruate Might Migrate Milk Mill Mind Miscarry Miss Miss someone Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix language Monitor Mop Morning or midday meal Mould Moult Mount Mount Mourn announcing the dead Move Move Move about Move along on buttocks Move aside Move for Move from one place to another Move house Move in large numbers Move residence Murder Murmur Must Must Nail to a cross Name Name Name Narrate Nauseate Nauseate Need Negotiate marriage by boys parents Negotiate marriage by boys parents New Nickname Nickname Not burn well Not to allow Not to be Not to have Not very well Page 331

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Auxiliary verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Zula Lela Lwazya Lela Bamba Bambila Teelela Kaka Enana Obezya Sinka Jene Lubizizya Pega Lolomoka Jalula Jula Sinkulula Vununa Yalula Asama Panta Sinda Mamuna Pandula Labila Bikka antoomwe Zunda Zembelwa Fwusambukila Fwusukila Kupayika Tika Enzyanya Kweletela Jisi Laa Vwuba Zemba Longa Longela Pakaika Cisa Cokoma Duntauka Fooma Bbudaila Jatila Anzaana Pansaana Tolalubazu Inda Passa Indilila Impana Gambika Mama Yambika Bbadela Vozya Liiya Lunga Tela Bbadela

All Verbs Note absence of Nurse a child Nurse a patient Nurse children Nurture Nurture for Obey Object Observe eachother Obstruct Obstruct Obtain Offend seriously Offer Ooze Open Open Open Open Open Open mouth Open new field Open new land Open the mouth Operate Order Organize Overcome Overeat Overflow Overflow Overflow Overflow Overtake one another Owe Own Own Own livestock Pace ceremonially at funeral Pack Pack for Pack fully Pain Pain Palpitate Pant Parcel Pardon Part Part Participate Pass Pass an exam Pass on out of sight Pass while missing the other Patch Patch Patch Pay Pay Pay a fine Pay a fine Pay a tax Pay fees Page 332

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Uzya Ccovwa Yupa Bbabbanuka Bbabbula Sondela Tunga Sensa Zinza Inga Fwidilila Yanzya Zyinga Zumanana Kakatila Kakatila Kazizya Zumanana Fotola Bweza Cela Bwezelela Zubula Tulula Tulwida Tulula Ilikizya Syamba Tondeka Osa Panga Plana Pangana Fwala Byala Shimpuka Simpa Simpika Syanga Zikila Simpila Simpaula Mata Zila Fwukila Sobana Belausya Lizya Covwa njuka Sunda Upaupa ameso Cubila Putila Kombelela Konda Nonezya Botela Funka Bbabbaula Limya Cela Jwa Nonka Tondeka

All Verbs Pay no heed Peddle Peel Peel off (intransitive) Peel off (transitive) Peep Penetrate Percolate Perculate Perhaps Perish utterly beyond hope Permit Perplex Perservere Persevere Persist Persist Persist in dispute Photograph Pick Pick Pick up Pick up Pierce Pierce for Pierce right through Pile up Pinch Pint at Plait Plan Plan Plan with someone Plane wood Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant for Plant out Plaster Plaster Plaster edge of foundation Play Play along with Play an instrument Play cards Play the fool Play the hypocrite Play with Play with anothers property Plead Please Please Please someone Plough Plough lightly Plough with Pluck Pluck out Pluck out Point Page 333

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Auxiliary verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na No Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Tondekaa Kola Donta Cumba Kutuka Fwua Fwuba Musya Vundika Vwampila Twa Syubula Kuna Tila Tilatila Tila Dunda Lombozya Lumba Lumbaizya Tembaulana Lidundila Bomba Kambilila Komba Paya Ccumayila Cumaila Cumayila Kambauka Bbonsyeka Kutauka Unza Libenga Jatisya Tyanka Dyaminina Celezya Cingilila Kasya Mutabilila Kasizya Tabauzya Tulaula Solweda Lilauka Njizya Zyalisya Taba Sinsima Ambamzya Kanza Sitilila Vuninina Sonzola Cela Kwela Sosolola Pompa Subula Salazya mukamufwu Vwitima Tandila Tonka

All Verbs Point at Poison Poke Polish Pop (gun) Posses Posses Postpone Postpone Pounce upon Pound Pound with narrow end of pestle Pour Pour Pour again Pour water Praise Praise Praise Praise Praise eachother Praise oneself Pray Pray Pray Pray Preach Preach Preach Preach Prefer Prepare food Prepare for ceremony Prepare oneself Preserve Press Press down Prevent Prevent Prevent Prevent Prevent for Prevent from suckling Prick Proceed Proclaim Proclaim chief Prolifically give birth Prop up Prophesy Propose a marriage Propose to do Protect Protect Prune Pull Pull Pull ember from fire Pump Punish Purify the widdow Purr Pursue Push Page 334

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na I M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Sosela Bbilingana Bikka Kazika Tula Bikkila Tambika Injizya Njizya Njizizya Ndandama Bamba Bangila Lazika Sama Sibika Tukka Sibika Kulika Oneka Tazya Yuuna Zungaana Zwangana Zeekezya Sinswa Tenga Tontola Kkazika moyo Obozya Kucileka Leka Nyamuna Lundula Vwika Yumusya Jata musimbi Jata musimbi Jatisya Saala Labalika Kusikila Sika Kubuka Kubuka Bala Oloka Komezya Yakulula Sinsa Anuka Ingasila Bezulula Tambula Tampula Loona Ezyeezya Jokelanya Pona Lida Gama Kaka Lulauka Ima

All Verbs Push into fire half burned ember Push through Put Put at rest Put down a load Put for Put forth hand Put in Put in Put in for Put in line Put in order Put in wattles for Put lying Put on Put on fire Put on head Put on the fire Put on the shoulder Put to sleep Puzzle Quake Quake Quarrel Question a person Question the guilty Quibble Quiet Quieten heart Quieten heart Quit Quit Raise Raise dust Raise hands in boxing attitude Raise up Rape Rape (the action) Ratify Ravage Rave Reach Reach (arrive) Reach maturity Reach puberty (boy) Read Reap first maize Rear Rebuild Rebuke Recall Recall Recarve Receive Receive Receive a loan Reckon Reconcile Recover Reduce pay Refer to Refuse Refuse by shaking head Refuse to give Page 335

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Tatauka Kaka Sangabalilwa Sekelela Kanana Luula Sungala Caala Syaala Caazya Ibaluka Zhibeluka Zhingashila Kamununa Yeeyezya Yeezya Gusya Gwisya Jula Funda Yokolola Tapula Bambulula Indulula Pubuka Subuka Zilulula Sandula Vwiila Mema Zeleka Ambilizya Iminina Lumba Tamba Yanda Futula Nununa Vwuna Koshana Kozya Kozyanya Kozyana Lemenezya Lala Lyokezya Lyookezya Okezya Pumuna Kkalikizya Bililizya Sumbuluka Yusukila Leka kukomena Kuka Bweeda Bwela Joka Piluka Zyoka Josya Jokolola Zyoka Jokezya

All Verbs Refuse utterly Reject Rejoice Rejoice Relate Relate Release Remain Remain Remain with Remember Remember Remember Remilk Remind Remind Remove Remove Remove Remove bark from a tree Remove sticks from the fire Remove with a stick Repair Repeat Repent Repent Replaster Reply Reply Report Report to Report to (a person) Represent Request Request Require Rescue Rescue Rescue Resemble Resemble Resemble Resemble eachother Respect Rest Rest Rest Rest Rest Rest on Restrict Resume work Resume work after lunch Retard Retire Return Return Return Return Return Return an item Return back Return from a journey Return something Page 336

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na I Na Na Na Na

Yubulula Yubulwida Lumbula Sampuzya Sesemya Lumbula Ccovwa Lizya Buka Zemba Boba Vwuuma Vuuma Tenta Yaka Yoka Tekaana Tekaanya Umbulizya Tendeleka Tendelesya Kunkulika Kunkulisya Yalula Bola Bola Bozezya Kwasula Zima Puzaula Bisya Lela Lunduka Tijaana Zuza Tijaana Lundukisya Balika Vulumuka Vuumuka Vuumukila Saala Paila Piila Etezya Kusya Futula Futusya Fwutila Nununa Yobola Ti Soola Yamina Lundumuka Mwaya Mwayika Tapaula Tataula Nunkizya Bwenta Bwentela Gonga Yibula

All Verbs Reveal Reveal in Revenge Revile Revolt Reward Ride a bicycle Ring Rise Ritual pacing at funeral Roar Roar Roar (river, etc) Roast Roast Roast Rock (intransitive) Rock (transitive) Rock baby Roil (intransitive) Roil (transitive) Role (intransitive) Role (transitive) Roll up Rot Rot Rot for Row Rub Rub off skin Ruin Rule Run Run Run Run away Run quickly Run to Rush Rush Rush upon Sack Sacrifice Sacrifice to the spirits Sadden Satisfy Save Save Save Save Save Say Scare off Scare off birds Scatter Scatter Scatter Scatter from a container Scatter with paws Scent Scold Scold Scold Scoop Page 337

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Uluba Vwapula Nyaana Pala Cuzula Yanga Yanga Kwiila Kiya Londa Yandawida Lunga Bona Bononona Bonana Bonesya Yandaula Ba-anga Baanga Koya Sensa Sambala Ulisya Uzya Zya Toma Tuma Laizya Solozya Tumina Zyibya Andana Anzaana Pansaana Tantamusya Zandauka Andaanya Kobosya Belekela Pampula Simpika Ipila Bbila Teya Yaka Zaka Lunga Domeka Lwanisya Ndandama Inka Nyamuka Unka Yala Imika Shimpuka Simpa Simpila Vuntamuna Kkazika Batamina Kwabbula Tundulula Suma

All Verbs Scorch Scourge Scramble for Scrape Scrape off skin Scratch Scratch as fowl Screen Screw Search for Search for something for another Season See See again See each other See well, see clearly Seek Seem Seem Seem Seep Sell Sell Sell Sell Send Send Send a message Send on in front Send to Sensitize Separate Separate Separate Separate Separate from Seperate Seperate Serve Serve food Set Set (sun) Set (the sun) Set a snare Set ablaze Set ablaze Set above Set alight Set at variance Set in queue Set out Set out Set out Set table Set up Set up Set up Set up for Set upright Settle Settle (sediment) Severely beat Severely punish Sew Page 338

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 16 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Tunga Tekaana Yuuna Tekaanya Yuunya Pekema Vukumuna Suka Aba Abana Abanya Abila Apula Pulila Bosya Fwala Kwenga Fula Nyoola Pambula Soma Buulula Yupa Buulula Sokola Sitilizya Embela Bala Munika Mweka Towa Kankama Dubula Fusa Fwiimpya Guyaula Ompolola Oompolola Tonka Tonta Tondezya Engelela Tilimuka Jala Yala Seba Seba Syooma Bisizya Imba Wimba Yabila Vwemuka Bbila Bbobokela Ibila Ipila Nyikila Kkala Kumba Yalana Yota Zota Sunsumana

All Verbs Sew Shake (intransitive) Shake (intransitive) Shake (transitive) Shake (transitive) Shake in the wind Shake out Shake up Share Share Share Share Share out Share out nsima Sharpen Sharpen Sharpen Sharpen (a spear) Shave Shave around the head Sheathe Shell Shell Shell maize Shell maize by pounding Shelter from the wind Shepard Shine Shine Shine Shine Shiver Shoot Shoot Shorten Shorten Shout Shout Shove Shove Show Show mercy Shudder Shut Shut Sieve Sieve Simmer Sin against Sing Sing Sing a sad song Sing together Sink Sink Sink Sink Sink Sit Sit Sit abreast Sit round the fire Sit round the fire Sit squatting Page 339

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na I Na

Cocoma Tuzukuza Papalika Yibula Yibulula Funda Funda Tamikizya Tamikizya Anzamuna Kwempa Ona Onena Sungama Tendaula Ubya Papalika Lola Tezilila Pusyuka Lipwaila Mata Shingula Zilazila Lamba Nunka Nunkilila Mweta Fweba Fwepa Unda Fweba Fwepa Sumbuzya Ca Kwempa Kwezya Vwampila Esyemuka Nafwida Nunsya Vwitima Nyika Biizyika Pasula Umbulizya Sasa Byala Minzya Syanga Sansaila Amba Ti Ambisya Ambilila Simpya Ambauzya Ambisya Ambika Tika Osa Swa Andula Panda

All Verbs Sizzle Skein Skid Skim Skim Skin Skin an animal Slander Slander Slap on the cheek Slash Sleep Sleep in/on Sleep on mothers back Slice Slight Slip Slip down Slip down Slip from grasp Smash oneself on the ground Smear Smear Smear all over Smear body Smell Smell nicely Smile Smoke Smoke Smoke (fire) Smoke tobacco Smoke tobacco Smoothen Snare Snatch Snatch Snatch Sneeze Sniff Sniff Snore Soak in water Sob Solve a problem Soothe baby Sour Sow Sow Sow Sparkle Speak Speak Speak loudly Speak on behalf of Speak the truth Speak to Speak vehemently Speakable Spill Spin Spit Split Split Page 340

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Pasula Tila Andaula Pasaula Andawida Pansawida Bisya Nyonyoona Pola Tiimika Bisizya Yambukila Sakamina Yala Zalo Yanika Zanika Sanga Sansayila Lundumwida Ena Syonda Susumana Piila Tenteleka Zeeleka Taminina Sobelela Sinda Twa Ima Zhima Zupumana Iminina Yumuka Zyandamana Imikila Imikizya Talika Yasya Sunsa Fuma Kkala Syaala Bba Tetemuka Lyata Taaluka Lamatika Lamatila Patila Tinga Zyatila Luma Nunka Kopa Vundula Sosela Dinta Waala abbwe Iima Ima Leka Sinka

All Verbs Split Split Split up Split up Split up for Split up for Spoil Spoil Spoil Spoil (person) Spoil for Spread Spread about Spread out Spread out Spread out to dry Spread out to dry Spread tail (bird) Sprinkle Sprinkle about Spy Squash Squat Squirt from the mouth Stagger Stagger Stake a claim Stalk Stamp earth Stamp grain Stand Stand Stand erect Stand for Stand off Stand ones ground Stand up (intransitive) Stand up (transitive) Start Start a fire Start a topic Start early Stay Stay Steal Steep Step on Step over Stick (intransitive) Stick (transitive) Stick in the mud Stick in throat Stick to pot Sting Stink Stir Stir up Stoke Stomp Stone Stop Stop Stop Stop Page 341

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Lekela Leka kukomena Lesya Yobola Olola Minununa Duunyana Enzu Yumya Lyolola Lyoolola Dadamuka Landamuka Oloka Olola Tandabala Uma Kkwenyuna Umina Kkwenyuna Funda Palangana Duntaula Gunkaula Bala Dinka Ungula Nontola Pampalika Bbaabbalisya Litaya Tooka Imikizya Syuunta Nyonka Penga Elele Futa Guyaula Itila Yotela Endelezya Gwasilizya Taba Yeeya Inda Nyandya Zinguluka Zinga Futuka Kubaubilwa kujila mumapenzi Yeeyela Mena Cincana Kukula Peela Pyaanga Pyeela Kukwida Shimba Zimba Tunta Yamba Zumbaana

All Verbs Stop for Stop growing Stop with Store Straighten Strain Strain in pulling Strange Strengthen Stretch Stretch oneself Stretch out Stretch out Stretch out (intransitive) Stretch out (transitive) Stretch out legs while sitting Strike Strike a lite Strike for Strike match Strip Struggle Stub trees Stub trees Study Stuff Stultify with drugs Stumble Stumble Stutter Subordinate oneself Subside Substitute Suck Suckle Suffer Suit Sulk Summarize Summon to Sunbathe Supervise Support Support Suppose Surpass Surprise Surround Surround in an attack Survive Susceptible Suspect Swallow Swap Sweep Sweep Sweep Sweep Sweep for Swell Swell Swell (carcase) Swim Swing from Page 342

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na M Na I, m Na Na Na Na

Besa Bweza Tola Gama Tobelezya Tola Zwisya Tolola Cenjela Bamba Selusya Selusizya Jatilila Bweza Nywa Fumuna Jula Tozya Gusya Gwisya Zwisya Tantamuna Nyikula Sosolosya Kwaapula Tolalubazu Yusa Zubula Zyula Bujaka Ambawida Yubayuba Cima Nyeemuzya Sombeezya Labila Toma Simba Fundisya Iisya Iisyanya Yaula Zakala Muntula Zapaula Delula Umya a foni Umyawale Kanana Ana Ambila Sinizya Ambika Sunka Pima Lumba Vumba Vwumba Syoma Telaika Yeeya Zeeza Tunga Zunta

All Verbs Take Take Take Take a direction Take along with Take away Take away Take back Take care Take care of Take down Take down for Take firm hold of Take in hand Take medicine orally Take off Take off Take off in a certain direction Take out Take out Take out Take out of the way Take out of water Take out of way Take out residue Take part Take shelter Take up Take up by the roots Tale bearing Talk about Talk loudly Tantalize Tantalize Tantalize Taste Taste food Tattoo Teach Teach Teach eachother Tear Tear Tear asunder (meat) Tear in many places Tear, make ragged Telephone Telephone someone Tell Tell a story Tell someone Tell the truth Tellable Tempt Test Thank Thatch Thatch Think Think Think Think Thread Throb Page 343

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 18 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na

Sina Fusa Fwusa Tapula Waala Sowa Waala Sowela Tinga Onza Kuzuma Zuma Dekenya Anga Sunga Angazina Lima Katazya Katazizya Nsi Yoka Junza Vwula Tundulula Syolomba Ampasyila Guma Domba Enga Tobela Sambala Tambisya Lyata Lyataula Sandula Simpulula Syanga Bweza Teya Enda Endesya Silika Silika Bimba Gonkolola Nontola Leba Cunka-cunka Penzya Penzezya Syomeka Kkoma Koma Soleka Zeka Sunda Sundauka Nyona Zyokolola Futatila Takata Salamuna Vwundamuna Bbindamuna

All Verbs Throttle Throw Throw Throw Throw Throw away Throw down Throw in Throw in wrestling Throw upwards Thunder Thunder Tickle Tie Tie Tie the name Till Tire Tire for To be Toast Tomorrow Too much Torture Toss in pain Totter Touch Touch with a finger Trace a sign Track Trade Train oxen Trample Trample Translate Transplant Transplant Transport Trap Travel Travel quickly Treat Treat an invalid Tremble Trim Trip Trip (intransitive) Trot Trouble Trouble for Trustworthy Try Try Try Try a case in court Try continuously Try various ways Turn Turn around Turn ones back Turn ones back on Turn over Turn over Turn upside down Page 344

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Bindamuna Sulamika Pindula Kotamuka Kopolola Dabununa Bbununa Mvwa Swiilila Mvwana Mvwisya Dabununa Samununa Kopolola Petulula Vwungulula Lobola Bbununa Somonona Angulula Angununa Tazula Zambulula Vwungulula Kulula Bwenta Simpula Nyonganya Tonta-tonta Suba Tila meenda Subila Belesya Sebenzya Payizya Tukila Tukana Nyonanyona Yasya Tenzya Jatya Fwebya Ncobeni Dokota Yasa Zela Zelazela Indana Zundana Endeenda Lingula Pelela Vwakaca Libenga Luka Ning'ina Bejelana Lunengu Linda Lindila Lindila Busya Buka Enda

All Verbs Turn upside down Turn upside down Twist arms behind the back Unbend Unbutton Uncoil Uncover Understand Understand Understand eachother Understand thoroughly Undo a seam Undress Unfasten Unfold Unfold Unhook Unmask Unsheathe Untie Untie Untie Unwind Unwrap Unyoke Upbraid Uproot Upset Urge Urinate Urinate (pass water) Urinate on Use Use Use for sacrifice Use foul language Use foul language in altercation Use subterfuge Use to build Use to cut Use to hold Use to smoke Utter Vaccinate Vaccinate Vanish Vanish intermittently Vie Vie for Visit Visit Visit Visit Volunteer Vomit Wag hips Wager Waist Wait Wait Wait for Wake someone Wake up Walk Page 345

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Enda amaulu Vwubaila Endesya Alabana Ingayila Zunga Ensengana Yanda Zanda Yandisya Yandika Kasaazya Yota mulilo Laya Samba Sanzya Wasya Sangaula Ebela Iida Ida Banzya Peka Sama Mana Luka Osa Kwikka Fukila Sakwida Kolobeka Lilisya Tambula Kuba Vwiima Petekezya Siba Tubya Nyananyana Zunda Zambayila Fwinyafwinya Pupulula Pukuta Sansamuna Mina Yanda Zonda Neta Puutana Zyandamina Beleka Kutauka Sebenza Belekela Onda Bilika Penga Fugamina Yasa Yasaula Bbudaila Putayila Vwungaila

All Verbs Walk Walk about in expensive clothes Walk hard Wallow Wander about Wander about Wandering about Want Want Want very much Wanted Warm Warm by the fire Warn Wash Wash Wash (clothes, etc) Waste Watch television Water Water plants Wattle with Wave Wear Wear out Weave Weave Wedge in Weed Weed Weed using cultivator Weep bitterly Welcome Wheel a bicycle Wheeze Whisper Whistle Whiten Whither Win Wind around Wink Winnow Wipe Wipe away Wipe nose Wish Wish ill Wither Wither Withstand Work Work Work Work for Work hard Worry Worry Worship Wound Wound Wrap Wrap Wrap Page 346

Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Verbs

Zinguluka Bbudaila Vungayila Vwunga Vwungaila Tingaana Culuba Lemba Syolomba Lubizya Asamuka Mwaawu Kwiila Sunga Petauka

Wrap around Wrap up Wrap up Wrap up Wrap up Wrestling Wriggle Write Writhe Wrong Yawn Yawn Yell Yoke Zigzag

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Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Demonstratives

Tonga Aano Awa Koku Okuno Mujulu Momu Mono Moomu Omu Omuno Muno Mumo Mo Momo Omo Umo Omia Omuya Lyalo Emo Embo Enco Empo Embo Mumo Aawa Awa Aano Alo Awo Aalya Kuno Mpoonaawa Ako Ceco Eco Elyo Eyo Eyo Ezho Ico Kako Leyo Lolu Obo Okia Oko Olo Oyo Toto Ubo Ulo Uto Uyo Wezo Uko Akaya Kalya Leya Lolya Lulya

Demonstratives English Here Here Here Here In above In here In here In here In here In here In here In it In there In there In there In there In yonder In yonder It It is not in there It is not it It is not it It is not on there It is not they It is there On here On here On here, right here On it On there On yonder Right here Right here That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That That there That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder Page 348

Part of speech Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative

Class 6 16 Na Na Na 17 17 17 Na Na Na Na 17 17 Na Na Na Na Na 18 14 7 16 2 Na 16 16 16 6 16 16 Na Na 13 7 7 5 4 9 4, 9 7 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 13 12 Na Na Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na I Na Na I I Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na I Na Na Na Na I M Na I I Na Na Na Na Na I M M M M I M Na I, m I I I

Obia Obuya Okuya Olia Oliy Ulya Welya Bulya Celya Eciya Eliya Ayo Azo Iyi Bobo Ko Koko Oko Wo Mumo Aaba Baba Eyi Ezhi Ezho Ezi Ezi Ezino Ishi Otia Otiya Otu Sheshi Abano Otuno Sheno Shino Ilya Yelya Bano Beno Aano Aka Ceci Eli Evi Eyi Ezhi Ici Ili Kaka Leli Lolo Obu Oku Olu Oubu Oyu Totu Ulu Utu Uyu Wezu Lono

All Demonstratives That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder, yonder That, that yonder That, that yonder That, that yonder That, those That, those That, those That, thus There There There There There in These These These These These These These These These These These These These These here These here These here These here These yonder These yonder These, these here These, these here These, this here This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This This hear Page 349

Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 7 7 5 6 6 5 14 Na Na Na Na Na 2 2 4 4, 9 4, 9 8 10 8, 10 5 Na Na Na Na 2 Na Na Na 5 Na 2 2 6 13 7 5 7 9 4, 9 7 5 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na M I I, m I Na Na Na I M I Na I Na Na Na Na I Na I I Na Na Na M Na Na Na I Na Na I M Na I M I Na Na I Na Na Na I M M I I I Na Na Na M Na I M M M I I

All Demonstratives

Akano Ecino Ezino Kono Leno Lino Luno Obuno Okuno Uku Uno Weno Yeno Aya Aza Bobu Iyi Bono Buno Ceno Cino Elino Kano Aabo Babo Eyi Eyo Ezyo Isho Oto Shesho Tuno Eziya Ilya Otuya Shelya Shilya Tolya Tulya Aabo Ababo Abo Aalya Bolya Kolya Kulya Okuya Cilya Balya

This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This here This, these This, these This, these This, these This, this here This, this here This, this here This, this here This, this here This, this here Those Those Those Those Those Those Those Those Those here Those yonder Those yonder Those yonder Those yonder Those yonder Those yonder Those yonder Those, that one Those, those yonder With them Yonder Yonder Yonder Yonder Yonder Yonder, that yonder Yonder, those yonder

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Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative

13 7 8, 10 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 6 14 5 14 14 7 7 5 12 2 2 4 4 9, 10 5 Na Na Na 8, 10 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 2 2 6 14 Na Na Na 7 2

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na I I M M Na Na M I I I I I I M I M I M Na Na Na I Na Na Na M Na I Na Na Na Na I M I M Na Na Na Na I Na M Na M I, m

All Conjunctions

Tonga Azya Ilyo Musule Alimwi Kabiyo Nokuba kuti A Alimwi Lino Mane Mpoona Nkabela Mbuli Anga Otati Mbu Nkaambo Nkabela Anu Mpo Nekuba boobo Pele Pesi Sombi Kumbi Mbobonyambuli Alimwi Kabiyo Kabiyo Nekuba boobo Na Nokubaboobo Kutegwa Kuti Nokuba boobu Inga Mbobonyambuli Mbubonya Mbuli Antela Alimwi Nekuba boobo Mpoona Nkaambo ku Naa Ambweni Antela Atene Doona Ndiza Kufumbwa kuti Mbubona Kuzyila ku Kutegwa Aabona Kubona Inga Kuti Nkokuti Ncencico Eelyo

Conjunctions English About After that Afterwards Again Again Although And And And And then And then And then As As if As if indeed As.... Because Because But But But But But But Elsewhere Exactly as Further Further Furthermore However If In fact In order In order that In spite of this Is it not that Just as Just as Just as Maybe Moreover Never the less Next On account of... Or Perhaps Perhaps Perhaps Perhaps Perhaps Provided that Similarly Since So that Sometimes Supposing Surely That That is to say Thats what Then Page 351

Part of speech Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction

Class Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Conjunctions

Ilyo Mpawo Eelyo Eelyo Nkabela Ilyo Mpamunya Mpawo Nokuba kuti Boobo Obo Antomwe a Ccita kuti Kusikila Limwi Mane Mane kusikila Kubona Naa Ni Anu Na Kumwi

Then Then Therefore Therefore Therefore Thereupon Thereupon Thereupon Though Thus Thus Together with Unless Until Until Until Until What if When When Whereas Whether While

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Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction Conjunction

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

M Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Adverbs

Tonga Kale Antoomwe Lyoonse Kufumbwa Kufwumbwa Cakulijaya Lumwi Kabotu-kabotu Malaa Kandu Buzuba abuzuba Caali Kumwaka Koonse-koonse Cinicini Loko Kulaale Kule Limwi Kutanguna Lyoonse Kaumu-umu Kapati Indilyonya Inono Ndilyona Ncobeni Ndilyona Caali Buyo Biya Aakale Boobo Boobu Kalekale Cinicini Kapati Loko Maningi Akaniini Lino Kanjikanji Lyoonse Tunji Caali Kamwi Buyo Luzutu Biyo Bo Bulyo Elede Kaindi Cakufwambaana Kaumu-umu Cinicini Kasimpe Ncobeni Elede Mbumunya Buyo

Adverbs English Already Altogether Always Any Any At a break-neck pace At last Carefully Certainly Cowardly Daily Deliberately During hottest part of the year Everywhere Exceedingly Exceedingly Far Far away Finally Firstly Frequently Gently Greatly Immediately Immediately Immediately Indeed Instantly Intentionally Just Just, only Later on Like that, thus Like this, thus Long ago Much Much Much Much Not at all Now Often Often Often On purpose Once Only Only Only, just Only, simply Only, simply Ought Previously Quickly Quietly (of rain) Really Really Really Should Similarly Simply Page 353

Part of speech Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb

Class Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Adverbs

Luzutu Cimwi ciindi Limwilimwi Inoino Cisuntu Malaa Antomwe Limwi Kasimpe Malaa Nconzyo Cikoboko Cinicini Bumbi Kabiibi Maningi Lyoonse naa Antangalala Kakunyina Kunyina

Solely Sometimes Sometimes Soon Suddenly Surely Together Together Truly Truly Truly Usually Very Very much Very much Very much Whenever With publicity Without Without

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Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb Adverb

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Adjectives

Tonga Simpide Kaniini Cintu cijatikizya mwida Ijulu Kwizeula Kwizeulu Kutandana kapati Kusule Cembele Kumbele Kozyanya Zumi Onse Oonse Ice Likke Kali Akale Kufwumbwa Baya Bi Biibi Byabi Nsundi Sundi Kunze Kusule Kunze acuulu Okwa Kunsi Kulaale Kando Nene Pati Siya Makumbimakumbi Kununganya Baya Tadula Tuba Fwaafwi Impeyo Mpeyo Elene Simpide Kali Tete Siya Siyasiya Siyasiya Siyasiya Tamvwa Dula Yandika Lamfu Lamfwu Andene-andene Impenye Insini Mbi Shupa

Adjectives English TRUE A little Abdominal Above Above Above Affectionate Afterwards Aged Ahead Alike Alive All All Alone Alone Angry Another time, in the future Any Awkward Bad Bad Bad Barren Barren (animal) Behind Behind Behind termite hill Belonging to Beneath Between near and far Big Big Big Black Blue Budding Careless Cheap Clean Close Cold Cold Comparable Complete Cruel Damp Dark Dark blue Dark green Darkish Deaf Dear Dear Deep Deep Different Different Different Different Difficult Page 355

Part of speech Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective

Class Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m

Yumu Nkutwe Kutainda mumbali Cigamina Atombe Njumu Yumu Zumu Taamba Omweomwe Tete Kusikilizya Elene Kweelana Fwaamba Nene Pati Balinenede Pwizi Zyazi Kali Ansyini Kusaanguna Kutaanguna Yumu Elana Fubafuba Kumbele Ntete Tete Kukwatana kwabasankwa Simpide Botu Kabotu Kando Pati Kwiinda Nyanzabili Tete Yumu Zumu Lemu Kukundaana Banga bayambula kufwaambana Bangaboyambulakufwombaana Kubula kazunda kansikalileke Kuba akazunda kansikalileke Sante Kukundaana Pya Kucesya ng'uzu mumubili Kumbele Bufwi Nene Pati Lenga Tolo Kukwatana kwamakaintu Balasalala Niini Syoonto Nyezi Lamfu Lamfwu

All Adjectives Difficult Diligent Direct Direct and clear Dirty Dried Dry Dry Dumb Each Easy Effective Equal Equal Fast Fat Fat Fat (specifically the body) Female Female Fierce First First First Fit (healthy) Flat Foolish Forward Fresh Fresh Gay Genuine Good Good Great Great Greater than Green Green Hard Hard Heavy Heterosexual High risk High risk Hiv negative Hiv positive Holy Homosexual Hot Immuno suppressed In front Jealous Large Large Lazu Lazy Lesbian Light complexion Little Little Local Long Long Page 356

Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Nji Amafuta acesya kucumbana Sankwa Nji Mutuni Aano mazuba Tete Kwiinda Nji Cilengwa na leza Kufwaafwi Munsi Afwiifwii Londo Pya Zumi Ngamatata Malabisi Cembele Kulukulu Pati Amaulu Umwiumwi Pele Mbi Kajanika Kumubili Cete Kunze acuulu Zabala Zijisi ziyaka mubili Kwange Bisi Salala Subila Syomeka Lemekwa Kwiinda mumbali Mumunzi Munya Puzuka Bili Balangala Bosya Fwaafwi Fwiifwi Nsoni Koka Niini Syoonto Londo Mubukkale Tete Mwi Kumuuya Elana koonse-koonse Mutuni Kuba amizeezo Yumu Zumu Fwubafwuba Mpoonampoona Kudyamininwa Kubaubilwa kujila mumapenzi

All Adjectives Lot Lubricated Male Many Mean Modern (these days) Moist More than Much Natural Near Near Near Neat New Not decayed Of my fathers clan Offal Old Old Old On foot One apiece Only Other Participatory Physical Poor Privately Prodigal Protein rich Raw Raw, unripe Red Red Reliable Respectable Round-about Rural Same Scalded Second See through Sharp Short Short Shy Slim Small Small Smart (neat) Social Soft Some Spiritual Square Stingy Stressed Strong Strong Stupid Sudden Suppressed Susceptible Page 357

Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na

All Adjectives

Ubilwaubilwa Itukuta Nkasaalo Nono Lamfu Lamfwu Onse Oonse Lemeleme Tatu Yumu Bili Bi Tete Kutalema Kuubauba Bula coolwe Kutanunkilila Nyumanyuma Cilaa mulimo Andene-andene Tontola siko Bomba bomba None Tuniininiini Tuba-buu Akuliyandila Nkumba Kwiinda meenda Teteete Kabotu Alao Tuba Cituba meso Mukwaali Mutuntula

Susceptible Sweat Sweet Sweet Tall Tall The whole The whole Thick Third Tough Two Ugly Uncooked Underweight Underweight Unlucky Unscented Unwell Useful Various Very cold Very soft Very sweet Very very small Very white Voluntary Warm Water borne Weak Well Where White White eyed With wide horns Yellow

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Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective Adjective

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Interjections

Tonga Hodi Hodini Ma Pakati! A Accu kaka Mbubo Ano? Weelu! Pakati Gati Mwalibizya buti Mwabeleka buti Kwasiya buti Mwabuka buti Moone kabotu Eena? Mbubo Ne Ne Ne Pe Peepe Sobwe Yawe! Camalabali Yawe! Pe Eena! Akaka! Kamfwambaana Cabija Accu kaka Mbubo Mbubo Inzya Ii

Interjections English (call word) (call word) (exclamation of surprise) (response to hodi) Ah! Dear me! Alas! All right And what of...? Booh! Come in! Exactly Good afternoon Good day Good evening Good morning Good night Is that so? It is it Nay Never No No No No No! Nonsense Nonsense! Not at all Of course! Please! Quickly! Sorry That’s too bad Thats all Very well Yes Yes (positive affirmation)

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Part of speech Interjection Interjection Interjection Greeting Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Greeting Greeting Greeting Greeting Greeting Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection Interjection

Class Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Questions

Tonga Ino…? Kutyeni Nkaambo nzi Ongaye Tongaye Buti Buyani Byeni Ino Batyani Ncinzi eeciya? Ciindi nzi Inzi Nshi Nzi? Lili I? Ali? Kuli? Kwi Yi? Inzi Lye Nzi? Mbibani Nguni Mbaani Mbabani Ni Kutyeni Nceeboshi Nkaambo nzi

Questions English And what of…? For what purpose For what reason? How many? How many? How? How? How? What about... What are they doing? What is that? What time is it? What? What? What? When? Where Where? Where? Where? Where? Which Which Which Who are they Who is it? Who? Who? Who? Why Why? Why?

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Part of speech Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question

Class Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na Na Na L Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na

All Pronouns

Tonga Olikke Kalo Ko Alikke Alakwe Abalo Walo We Awalo Mwini Ime Mebo Nebo Ume Endikke Ambe Ambebo Ambebo Ame Amebo Ndemwini Amulamo Amwalo Bo Bwalo Calo Lo Lwalo Lyo Wo Yalo Yo Aalo Aalo Abalabo Abwalo Acalo Acilaco Aco Akalako Akalo Alualo Alwalo Alyalo Aulao Njiyonya Mbombabo Ncico Ndilyo Ndulo Ngawo Njiyo Nkako Nkuko Ntuto Ndime Engwe Endime Endo Engo Enguwo

Pronouns English By thyself He, she, it He, she, it He/she alone He/she also He/she as well He/she/it He/she/it He/she/it also Himself I I I I I alone I also I also I also I also I also I myself In it also In it also It It It It It It It It It It also It also It also It also It also It also It also It also It also It also It also It also It also It is even it It is indeed they It is it It is it It is it It is it It is it It is it It is it It is it It is me It is not he/she/it It is not i It is not it It is not it It is not it Page 361

Part of speech Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun

Class Na Na Na 1 1 Na Na Na 1, 2 Na 9 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 18 18 14 14 7 Na 11 Na Na Na Na 6 6 14 14 7 7 7 13 13 11 11 5 3 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 1 Na 11 6 3

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M I Na I I Na Na I Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Enjo Enko Enko Enko Enjo Ento Enzyo Endiwe Enduwe Endiswe Endimwe Endinywe Nkuko Mbabo Ngawo Njiyo Ntuto Nzizyo Induwe Ndiwe Ndiswe Ndimwe Ndinywe Ayalo Bwini Keni Lini Mebo Aalo Beni Beni Ini Alo Balo Bo Shalo Shi Syalo To Twalo Wo Yalo Yo Zyalo Zyo Abalo Akayo Alulato Alwalo Ashalo Awo Azyalazyo Azyalo Abalabo Abalo Uwe Webo Yebo Olikke Ayebo Aze Omwini Iswe Uswe

All Pronouns It is not it It is not it It is not it It is not there It is not they It is not they It is not they It is not thou It is not thou It is not we It is not you It is not you It is there It is they It is they It is they It is they It is they It is thou It is thou It is we It is you It is you It, they also Itself Itself Itself Me On it also One another Themselves Themselves, itselves They They They They They They They They They They They They They They also They also They also They also They also They also They also They also They also, with them They also, with them Thou Thou Thou Thou alone Thou also Thou also Thyself We We Page 362

Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun

9 13 15 17 4 12 8, 10 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 4, 9 14 12 Na Na 16 Na 2 4, 9 16 2 2 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 4, 9 13 11 11 8, 10 6 8, 10 8, 10 2 2 Na Na Na Na 8, 10 8, 10 Na 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I, m I, m I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na I I Na Na Na I Na I I

All Pronouns

Aswe Aswebo Tobeni Inywe Mwebo Nywebo Umwe Mwebo Nywebo Inywe Anywe Anywebo Nubeni Omweni Nobeni

We also, with us We also, with us We ourselves Ye Ye Ye Ye, you You You You (plural) You also You also You yourselves Yourself Yourselves

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Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun

Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Na Na Na Na M Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Phrases

Tonga Mpali Amwaainda Utani Buumi bwenu boonse Tumpu Njeeyi Ndategwa Ccita Boobo Boobu Kwaca Ncibi Ncibotu Mboobuya Tiinsi Teesyi pensi liya kwa moonga pe Mpawo Ceetezya Mbubona Mbumunya Mpampawaawa Zyakulya Ccita buyo kuti Buumi bwenu boonse Kaluba mwaambi Cabija Lwopya lweendo Taaku Taakwe Taku Bakalibuzyi bulwazi Mbabaya Kubelesya zibelesyo ziteelende Kabuca Nobacaalimbide masaka Mpozitajatiki Munduuzye

Phrases English “there is on” At all Dont be For the rest of your life Genital warts Here it is I am said to be I don’t know about…. In that way In this way It has dawned It is bad It is good It is middling It is not It is not a serious problem It is on there It is pitiable It is the same It is the same Its right on this point Nutrition Only if Rest of your life Speaker forgets That's too bad The journey has begun There is none There is none There is not They know the disease Those are the ones Use of sterilized cutting tools When it dawns When they are still on the journey When things cannot be controlled You have sold me

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Part of speech Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase Phrase

Class Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na M Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Prepositions

Tonga Kujulu Mwizeulu Kumpela Ambali Ku Kwa Mu Ku A Musule Kumbali Ku Kuzyila ku Zwa Mu Muli Mu Mu Munsi a A A Komwe A Kwa Ku Kwa Ku Munsi Kusikila Kusikila Munsi munsi Mukati

Prepositions English Above Above Ahead Aside At At At At (place) At (time) At the back Beside From From From In In Inside Into Near Of On, with, on the place of One time Onto Place of To To Towards Under Until Up to Very near Within

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Part of speech Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition Preposition

Class Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect Na I Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na

All Proverbs

Proverbs Tonga

English

Aumwi ngoma njazyi njazyana Kutikatalimwisyi Likanza kwaaleta Mbyonte inondeke calo caina Mukwasi ukwasila nkondo Mwaambilwa talubi Pengwa taindwi kamwi Tuyuni tuzyibene mililo Widwa vwuma Widwa vwuma Yakula yanyonka boombe Kupa Nkwaanzika simweendaalikke kaamutola kalonga cuulu cibomba kudinkil sokwe kaamuleya katabi Mbeba ntande tiisali bwina kazyula nkumba muyoba mungu munene uvumba matu mucenge ng'ombe muceta atakooni abota mapepe akaya kuli lukumba citu ncozibide cilumya ntale cikwaangala tatunwa mpande yakwe mate amupati tawidi ansi kabuca uleta tunji simuluula donda uluula lyaamucisa matako alaabili tabulikucumbana mweenzu wakasiya cisisi haaseka bacembele bulema buzya buseka ng'ombe ntaanzi njinywa meenda mabotu sokwe cimutansya mujulu ntwaambana mwida mookazwa tamubuli mpengele mazuba ngu namasandu katanga lulu kakaluzya matanga nyina buuza bulangenga inkanga itola ulaa lubilo ng'ombe tyoka bakuzyibe nkoonzyika Citumwa-tumwa nguulya hikoswe ufwida tukulukulu

Each dances to the drum they know If one doesnt make oneself heard The sun is planning to bring rain Let me taste, i will stop, but its sweet The in law who quietens war Audience does not forget Suffering does not come once Little birds know eachother by calls Be lucky Have coconut fall on ones head The aged cow suckles calves to give is to store the lone traveler was swepted up by the stream Anthill is soffened by constand pounding a monkey missed a branch a pursued rat does not choose a hole unceesing rain brings out the snail a big pumpkin is covered with leaves cheat a poor man to give a cow that he wont sleep what beautiful feathers the night jar has the familiar bathing place brings forth the crocodile bite a crow is not unfit to have its spot old mans saliva cannot fall to the ground tomorrow brings many things he who tells of a big sore speaks of one he had two buttocks cannot avoid friction a visitor left a log of firewood to he who laughts at old people, crippled state comes laughing the first cow drinks good water a monkey climbs up trees because of what it sees the womb whence you came always has a hard nut days always change a small bitter pumpkin makes others bitter kindness burst a guinea fowl is taken by the fastest runner cow break your leg so that they know whence you came one who is sent time and again is the one who eats a rat is killed for ancient things

mubotu takabuli, abula kubba walowa sibbuzya takolwi bowa muzoka ulya kweendeenda mponimponi mulozi simulaka ujaya cisi maano alazwa amusasuumbwa mulonga watakazyolwa wakabula nkombe/makoba suntwe talubi nkiwaakalya cifwuwa Cenjezya ng'anga zilazwi zizlubela aali munene taatiki musinza tabuvwikkilwa bwaanda mbowanjide bwiinga ceva Cula ulya cilileta

an attractive person has blemishs, either he steals or bewitches he who askes cannot be killed by a mushroom a snake eats by moving around a witch is better, a gossip kills a nation wisdom can come even from a smll anthill river that wasnt properly shaped lacked an oxbow lake a hyena does not forget where it ate a bone make a Ng'anga cautious, illness always comes where there is an old man, soup does not get spilt a pit in which you took refuge should not be covered up bride, look back a frog that which brings itself

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Dialects

Tonga-English English-Tonga

Dialects Section Contains all known dialect-specific words for the Ila (I), Lenge (L) and Mukuni (M) dialects

Page 367

Ila

Tonga Kwizeula Mwizeulu Vwumina Ice Ingula Ipusha Inuma Ibuzu Zoowa Lemana Bia Zuma Ikuta Zuma Ikuta Zuma Zoowa Ina Pupungana Ilezu Kanka Kando Muzuni Boza Yoya Yoya Zaka Zaka Bbala Liza Iza Ziza Vwa Zuminina Vwumina Ika Bushiku Zonaula Zumu Ii Mai Kulaale Tia Inkuzu Mukuzu Lwa Yana Tia Bufwu Itende Kando Zumu Kwete Mozo Izeulu Yovwa Koku Iamba Iyambo Kwata Kabwenga

Ila Dialect English Above Above Agree Alone Answer Ask Back Baobab tree Be amazed Be angry Be bad Be dry Be full Be hard Be satiated Be strong Be surprised Be sweet Be thin Beard Begin Big Bird Body hair Breath Breathe Build Burn Carry Climb Come Come Come out from Completely dry up Consent Cook Day Destroy Dry Egg Eggs Far Fear Fig Fig tree Fight Find Flee Flour meal Foot Great Hard Have Heart Heaven Help Here Hoe Hoe Hold Hyena Page 368

Part of speech Adjective Preposition Verb Adjective Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Adjective Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Adjective Noun Noun Adverb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Verb Noun Noun Verb Demonstrative Noun Noun Verb Noun

Class Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na 1 14 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 Na Na 5 6 Na Na 5 3 Na Na Na 14 5 Na Na Na 3 5 Na Na 5 5 Na 12

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

Ume Ambe Ambebo Amebo Momu Mono Momo Umo Endimwe Ayalo Biya Yaya Inungo Ituvwu Cimonsyo Buzumi Cibwantu Zanda Zanda Ifwufwe Twala Swaanganya Inmwi Liza Intipa Elele Izina Inango Bulyo Yalula Ansengwe Pasengwe Fwua Insana Zhibeluka Bwela Zyoka Ipila Zaka Yala Ibila Ipila Zota Cisambomwe Izeulu Kazuni Zalo Zanika Zhima Ifwu Zumu Peela Zakala Ceco Ezho Leyo Lolu Toto Wezo Leya Lolya Lulya Welya Celya

Ila I I also I also I also In here In here In there In there It is not you It, they also Just, only Kill Knee Leaf Left Life Light beer Like Love Lung Marry Meet Mosquito Mount Mud Must Name Nostril Only, simply Open Outside Outside Posses Power Remember Return Return Set (sun) Set ablaze Shut Sink Sink Sit round the fire Six Sky Small bird Spread out Spread out to dry Stand Stomach Strong Sweep Tear That That That That That That That yonder That yonder That yonder That yonder That, that yonder Page 369

Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Adverb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Noun Verb Noun Verb Noun Noun Adverb Verb Locative Noun Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Verb Noun Adjective Verb Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative

Na Na Na Na 17 17 17 Na Na 4, 9 Na Na 5 5 7 14 7 Na Na 5 Na Na 5 Na 5 Na 5 9 Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7 5 12 Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na 7 4, 9 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 7

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

Azo Bobo Koko Baba Ezhi Ezho Sheshi Sheno Yelya Beno Syalo Zeeza Ceci Ezhi Kaka Leli Lolo Totu Wezu Lono Kono Leno Uno Weno Yeno Aya Aza Bobu Bono Ceno Babo Shesho Shelya Tolya Uwe Webo Aze Banoko Ozona Munzhi Zanda Meenzhi Iswe Uswe Nshi Kwi Lye Umwe Ozona Bolya Mwanike Shindikila Shika Shia Shala Shala Anzya Cuuna Shakusama Ambuula Shupa Nwa Shilyo Ndimwe

Ila That, those That, thus There These These These These These here These yonder These, these here They Think This This This This This This This This hear This here This here This here This here This here This, these This, these This, these This, this here This, this here Those Those Those yonder Those yonder Thou Thou Thou also Thy mother (polite) Tomorrow Village Want Water We We What? Where? Which Ye, you Yesterday Yonder Youngster Accompany Arrive Be black Bear Beget Cause to tie, tie with Chair Clothing Converse Difficult Drink Food It is you Page 370

Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun Noun Noun Noun Verb Noun Pronoun Pronoun Question Question Question Pronoun Noun Demonstrative Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Adjective Verb Noun Pronoun

6 14 Na 2 4, 9 4, 9 Na Na Na 2 Na Na 7 4, 9 12 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 6 14 14 7 2 Na Na Na Na Na 8, 10 2 Na 3 Na 6 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na 14 1 Na Na Na Na Na 8, 10 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m

Ila

Cecesya Shia Mashiku Shimpuka Shimpuka Tunga Ambisya Cuuna Shimba Kalya Bulya Shalo Shi Shimilimo Balya

Lay eggs Leave Night Plant Set up Sew Speak loudly Stool Swell That yonder That yonder, yonder They They Worker Yonder, those yonder

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Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Noun Demonstrative

Na Na 6 Na Na Na Na 7 Na 12 14 Na Na Na 2

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m

Lenge

Tonga Bwaalwa Litako Subuka Teba Lisusu Litebulwa Buyani Mancebele Liina Panshi Lisumo Liifwumo Lisuba Bwiya Maanshi

Lenge Dialect English Beer Buttocks Cross a river Cut firewood Hair Harvest time How? Maize Name On the ground Spear Stomach Sun Thorn Water

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Part of speech Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Question Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun Noun

Class 14 5 Na Na 5 5 Na 6 5 Na 5 5 5 14 6

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L

Mukuni

Tonga Shindikila Shika Shia Shala Shala Anzya Cuuna Shakusama Ambuula Shupa Nwa Shilyo Ndimwe Cecesya Shia Mashiku Shimpuka Shimpuka Tunga Ambisya Cuuna Shimba Kalya Bulya Shalo Shi Shimilimo Balya Ilyo Mushimu Kumbula Jafwa Biibi Sula Koshana Fula Fula Nyana Katasya Katazya Likumbesa Mweembezi Cisuwo Ilundu Sombi Besa Mwanamanga Isa Swa Sumina Teleka Shana Nyanga Nyonaula Imbwa Likoma Wisuka Shilulula Lesa Bwisu Cite

Mukuni Dialect English Accompany Arrive Be black Bear Beget Cause to tie, tie with Chair Clothing Converse Difficult Drink Food It is you Lay eggs Leave Night Plant Set up Sew Speak loudly Stool Swell That yonder That yonder, yonder They They Worker Yonder, those yonder After that Ancestral spirit Answer Assist Bad Be full Be like Be many Be much Be thin Be tireing Be troublesome Blanket Boy Bush Bush But Carve Cat Come Come from Consent Cook Dance Deprive Destroy Dog Door Faint Fill in God Grass Have Page 373

Part of speech Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Adjective Verb Noun Pronoun Verb Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Verb Demonstrative Demonstrative Pronoun Pronoun Noun Demonstrative Conjunction Noun Verb Verb Adjective Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Noun Noun Conjunction Verb Noun Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb

Class Na Na Na Na Na 8, 10 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 6 Na Na Na Na 7 Na 12 14 Na Na Na 2 Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 1 7 5 Na Na 1 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 9 5 Na Na 1 14 Na

Corrupt No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

Dialect I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m I, m M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

Jafwa Lise Insala Fwima Nebo Amwalo Shiba Liteu Cipiko Kumana Bo Anze Pansaana Atene Inkumba Fwuba Litanga Lisasa Koshana Kuno Mukwakwa Inshila Litongo Anzaana Pansaana Ciswe Inkusu Pyeela Besa Likumi Ico Ubo Ulo Uto Uyo Uko Ulya Iyi Ilyo Taaku Ilyo Ishi Shino Bano Ici Ili Oubu Ulu Utu Uyu Lino Luno Uku Iyi Buno Cino Isho Shilya Tulya Fwaka Litobo Cisuwo Ilundu Bumbi

Mukuni Help Hoe Hunger Hunt I In it also Know Leaf Left Meet Only, simply Outside Part Perhaps Pig Posses Pumpkin Reed mat Resemble Right here Road Route Ruins Separate Separate Species of wild cat Strength Sweep Take Ten That That That That That That there That yonder That, those Then There is none Thereupon These These here These, these here This This This This This This This here This here This here This, these This, this here This, this here Those Those yonder Those yonder Tobacco Type of tree Veld Veld Very much Page 374

Verb Noun Noun Verb Pronoun Pronoun Verb Noun Noun Verb Adverb Locative Verb Conjunction Noun Verb Noun Noun Verb Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Verb Verb Noun Noun Verb Verb Number Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Conjunction Phrase Conjunction Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative Noun Noun Noun Noun Adverb

Na 5 5 Na Na 18 Na 5 7 Na Na 16 Na Na 5 Na 5 5 Na Na 3 5 5 16 Na 7 5 Na Na Na 7 Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 Na Na Na 5 Na 2 7 5 Na Na Na Na Na Na Na 5 14 7 5 Na Na 5 5 7 5 Na

No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

Mukuni

Mushi Inshila Nceeboshi Mwebo Kulya Cilya

Village Way Why? Ye Yonder Yonder, that yonder

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Noun Noun Question Pronoun Demonstrative Demonstrative

3 5 Na Na Na 7

No No No No No No

M M M M M M

Sources

Sources Title

Author

Publisher

Date

City

Tonga Trainees Book Citonga-English Phrasebook Tonga Class Notes A Practical Introduction to Citonga An outline of Citonga Grammar Tonga Grammar Mweenza wafwulwe ulalila bowa

Peace Corps Zambia John Thompson Aaron Harris C. R. Hopgood Hazel Carter Rev B Collins SJ R.N. Moonga, F.W. Wafer

Peace Corps ZEPH NA ZEPH Bookworld Publishers NECZAM ZEPH

2011 1979 2011 1940 2002 1984 1997

Lusaka Lusaka Lusaka Lusaka Lusaka Lusaka Lusaka

With special thanks to all of the Peace Corps Citonga Language Trainers

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