The Quatrains of Omar Khayyam (Trübner's Oriental Series) [69]

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TEXTS FROM THE BUDDHIST CANON COMMONLY KNOWN AS

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DHAMMAPADA."

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Dr. BuHLER, Inspector of Schools in India, writes: I was Professor of Oriental Languages in Elphinstone College, I frequently felt the want of such a work to which I could refer the students." Professor Cowell, of Cambridge, writes: "It will be especially useful to the students in our Indian colleges and universities. I used to lon

characteristic of

4 I follow Blochmann^s rendering.

" when the wind blows/'

^^J:J3

Khayyam. It

In

may mean,

THE QUATRAINS OF

4

3.

we

but a day

'Tis

And

the gain

all

And

sojourn here below,

we

get

then, leaving

is

life's

grief

and woe,

riddles all unsolved,

i

And burdened

with regrets,

we have

to go.

4.

Kbaja

grant one request, and only one,

!

Wish me God-speed, and

get your preaching

done;

walk aright,

I

Go

!

'tis

you who

see

awry

heal your purblind eyes, leave

me

alone.

5.

Arise

!

and come, and of thy courtesy

my weary heart's perplexity. And fill my goblet, so that I may drink,

Resolve

Or

3.

e'er

they

make

their goblets out of me.

N.

4.

Bl. C. L.

N. A.

I.

5.

Bl. C. L.

N. A.

I. J.

J.

The heart

is

supposed to

OMAR KHAYYAM. r

\J^

^^=3 l^

be the scat of reason.

^^^^3 ^JO^ *^jV Jj

" Or ever " and " or ere " are

both found in Elizabethan English. spearian Granmaar, p. 89.

Abbot,

Shake-

THE QUATRAINS OF

6

6.

When

I

am

dead, with wine

my body

lave.

For obit chant a bacchanalian stave,

And,

if

you need

me

at the

day of doom.

Beneath the tavern threshold seek

my

grave.

7.

Since no one can assure thee of the morrow, Kejoice thy heart to-day, and banish sorrow

With moonbright wine, heaven's

fair

moon,

for

moon

Will look for us in vain on

many

a morrow.

8.

Let lovers

And

all

distraught and frenzied be,

flown with wine, and reprobates, like

When sober, I find But in my cups cry,

everything amiss,

'*

6.

Bl. C. L.

Persian.

Bl.

N. A.

me

I.

Let what will be be."

J.

Faut shudan

is

Turani

OMAR KHAYYAM.

\yo

J^j^^ 3^Vo

^

bV bb

7.

Bl. C. L.

N. A. B.

8.

Bl. L.

N.

Line 3

^jJj ^--y ^y?'

...

J

,

.

J

„

.

it>^ ojja c:^— ^ j^

I. J. is

Line 2

in metre 13.

is

in metre 14.

THE QUATRAINS OF

8

9.

In Allah's name, say, wherefore

set the

wise

Their hearts upon this house of vanities

?

"Whene'er they think to rest them from their toils,

Death takes them by the hand, and

says,

"Arise."

10.

Men

say the

But on

The

its

That

Koran holds

all

heavenly

lore,

pages seldom care to pore

lucid lines engraven on the howl,

is

the text they dwell on evermore.

11.

Blame not the drunkards, you who wine eschew,

Had

I

hut grace, I would abstain like you,

And mark

me, vaunting zealot, you commit

A hundredfold 9.

10.

Bl. C. L. Bl. L.

worse sins than drunkards do.

N. A.

N. A. B.

I.

I. J.

Lines were engraven on

the bowl to measure out the draughts.

Bl.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

I.

I

^l>y^ U^=>

I

iS^jj

jj^

U

\j^ if^

>&^lc

jj

u**^^^

IP

line

-i

are characteristic of

14.

L.

Meaning-,

Gals/ian

i

Raz, line 800.

all

Khayyam. is

Bl.

of God, even idols.

See

THE QUATRAINS OF

12

15.

Whate'er thou

doest, never grieve thy brother,

Nor kindle fumes

of wrath his peace to smother;

Dost thou desire to taste eternal

Vex

thine

own

bliss,

heart, but never vex another

!

16.

Thou! to please whose love and wrath as well, Allah created heaven and likewise hell

Thou hast thy court

in heaven, and I have

naught,

Why

not admit

me

in thy courts to dwell

?

17.

So many cups of wine Its

bouquet

And

And

will I

shall exhale

consume,

from out

my

tomb,

every one that passes by shall halt,

and stagger with that mighty fume.

reel

15.

L.

16.

Bl.

Line 1

b.

Muhammad.

L.

is in

metre 14.

The person addressed

The

is

the prophet

Sufis were fond of dwelling

on the

OMAR KHAYYAM.

13

Iv

^^

l5;^?

cj:^^ '-r^\j^

*jy^,

^J^^^

opposition between the beautiful {jamdl) and terrible (Jaldl) attributes of Deity.

17.

Bl. C. L.

N. A.

I. J.

Guls/ian i Raz, p. 27.

THE QUATRAINS OP

14

18.

Young wooer,

cliarm

all

hearts with lover's art,

Glad winner, lead thy paragon apart

A hundred

Ka'bas equal not one heart,

Seek not the Ka'ba, rather seek a heart

19.

"What time, my cup in hand,

And

its

draughts I drain.

with rapt heart unconsciousness attain,

Behold what wondrous miracles are wrought, Songs flow as water from

my

burning brain.

20.

To-day

Thou

is

but a breathing space, quaff wine

wilt not see again this

So, as the

life

world becomes the spoil of time,

Offer thyself to be the spoil of

18.

of thine

Bl. C. L.

N. A.

seize the perfect heart."

I. J.

Line

wine

2,

"In

!

the presence

Niydz, " loveiV entreaties."

OMAE KHAYYAM.

v-V

b

J-^

J-;^

15

^JD

^

^

It

y^\j^

19.

L. N.

epithet^ cku ub.

20.

L. N.

J

^-^^-^--«

Snk7ia7ihdi/i

Lumsden,

Bo mvMat,

(t>^

:

(_^> .

5lX/o^

.pUi

t--*i

j^

i^

r r

-^ir*

c:;^j

j^

^^^^^J ;^?"J

J^J (^^^

rr

mat dissolved •2o.

in scanning-.

L.

Meaning-,

Bl.,

Prosody 13.

4/^/-e5 ?iO//* Ic deluge.

C

THE QUATRAINS OF

18

24.

From doubt

A

to clear assurance

is

a breath,

breath from infidelity to faith

Oh, precious breath 'Tis all that life

enjoy

I

it

while you may,

can give, and then comes death.

25.

Ah

!

wheel of heaven to tyranny inclined,

'Twas

e'er

your wont to show yourself unkind

And, cruel earth,

if

they should cleave your

breast.

What

store of buried jewels they

would find

!

26.

My

life lasts

Sweeps

but a day or two, and fast

by, like torrent stream or desert blast,

Howbeit, of two days I take no heed,

The day

/,

to come,

U.

Bl. C. L.

2b.

Bl.

e.

N.

and that already

A

I. J.

C. L. N. A.

destiny, fortune.

past.

Sir

Wheel Thomas Browne I.

J.

'^

of heaven/^ talks of the

OMAR KHAYYAM.

19

To

Os*3 ^&:^^ *^^^ (j:j^^^^^

n

"wheel of tbiiigs/' 26. tive.

Bl. C. L.

Bl.

In

line 1 scan

N. A. B.

I. J.

khard hlyaz,

Bo

sih roza is

an adjec-

THE QUATKATNS OF

20

27.

That pearl

from a mine unknown to thee,

is

That ruby bears a stamp thou can'st not

The

tale of love

see,

some other tongue must tell.

All our conjectures are mere phantasy.

28.

Now

with

its

joyful prime

my

enchanting wine, and

I quaff

Cliide not at

wine

age list

is rife,

to

fife

for all its bitter taste,

Its bitterness sorts well

with

human

life

!

29.

O

soul

And

!

whose

daily

lot it is to bleed

with pain.

change of fortune to sustain,

Into this body wherefore didst thou come.

Seeing thou must at last go forth again ?

27.

Bl. L.

perhaps,

ya

real love of

{

N.

Kdni, Yd

tanhir.

God

differs

i

hatni.

Bl, Pros.

See note to No. 373.

7.

Or,

Meaning,

from the popular idea of

it.

Bl.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

21

rv

TA

Owi

28.

(j**^^ L,--^

Bl. C. L.

/j;-^

N. A. B.

the tashdid on jawdni, see 29.

Bl. C. L.

N. A.

^^?\;^^

I. J.

my

I. J.

(«\>.a3Co

ir^-h^

Bl. notes, "

Prosody,

Regarding

p. 11.^'

THE QUATRAINS OF

22

30.

To-day

is

thine to spend, but not to-morrow,

Counting on morrows breedetli naught but sorrow

Oh

squander not this breath that heaven

I

hath lent thee.

Nor make too sure another breath

to

borrow

31. 'Tis

labour lost thus to

Take thy good

Know

fortune,

all

doors to crawl,

and thy bad withal

for a surety each

must play

As from heaven's dice-box

his

fate's dice

game.

chance

to faU.

32.

This jug did once, like me, love's sorrows taste,

And bonds

of beauty's tresses once embraced,

This handle, which you see upon

Has many a time twined round a

30.

Bl. C.

'umrdrd. 31.

N. A. B.

BL, Prosody

Bl. C. L.

N. A.

I.

In Hne

4,

its side,

slender waist

scan

Ki hakip

11. I. J.

NaM,

the dots on dice.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

23

n

rr

^

y'

'61.

astam,

Bl. C. L. is

archaic.

N. A. Bl.,

B.

I.

J.

Prosody

^

Budasi, the perfect in 12.

THE QUATEAINS OF

24

33.

Days changed or

And on

to nights,

ere

you were born,

I,

business ever rolled the sky

its

See you tread gently on this dust, perchance

'Twas once the apple of some beauty's eye.

34.

Pagodas, just as mosques, are homes of prayer, 'Tis

prayer that church-bells chime unto the

air,

Yea, Church and Ka'ba, Rosary and Cross

Are all but divers tongues of world-wide prayer.

35.

X.

^ 'Twas writ

By

whatever was to

at first,

be,

pen, unheeding bliss or misery.

Yea, writ upon the tablet once for

To murmur

or resist

33.

C. L. N. A.

34.

Bl. C. L.

I,

is

J.

N. A.

I.

vanity.

Ni/idre, J.

Meaning, forms of faith are

all.

Yd

i

tankir.

Scan handdgiyast.

indifferent.

BI.

OMAR KHAYYAM. r

o---j^^

25

I

^i6\>

&j^j

jk^joo ^j6lll> &^^

&^^^^

&^

^

To

35.

and

C. L.

N. A. B.

resistless.

Alifi wasl.

Scan

I.

J.

bM

Meaning,

ast,

fate is heartless

dropping silent

Jk

,

and

THE QUATRAINS OF

26

36

There

a mystery I

is

Whicli to

My The

all,

know

full well,

good and bad,

I

cannot

tell

words are dark, but I cannot unfold

secrets of the " station "

where

I dwell.

37.

No base or light-weight

coins pass current here,

Of such a broom has swept our dwelling clear Forth from the tavern comes a

sage,

and

cries,

" Drink

!

for

ye

all

must

sleep

through ages

drear."

38.

With outward seeming we can cheat mankind, But

to God's will

The deepest

To balk

we can but be

wiles

my

resistless fate

36.

Bl. C. L,

37.

Bl

down with

L. N. us.

N. A.

T.

cunning

resigned e'er devised,

no way could

J.

find.

Hale, a state of ecstacy.

Meaning, Mollas'

fables will not

go

0:HAR KHAYYAM.

Oi;5CJ!>^3

38.

L. N.

l>o^

j^

27

Ijc*

Meaning", weakness of

^5^

human

pared to the strength of Divine decrees.

l^

rule com-

THE QUATRAINS OP

28

39. Is a friend faithless ? spurn

Upon trustworthy

as a foe.

foes respect bestow

Hold healing poison

And

him

for

an antidote,

baneful sweets for deadly eisel know.

40.

No

heart

there, but bleeds

is

when

torn from

Thee,

No

sight so clear but craves

And though

Thy

face to see

perchance Thou carest not for

them,

No

soul

is

there, but pines with care for Thee.

41.

Sobriety doth dry

up

all delight,

And drunkenness doth drown my right

There

is

;

a middle state,

it is

my

Not altogether drunk, nor sober 39.

mon

in

40.

sense out-

L. N.

life,

quite.

These gnomical epigrams are not com-

Khayyam. C. L. N.

A

I. J.

JigaVj the liver,

was

consi-

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^^

CI*

Oa^I

p

.

iij

JoC» Uai>

^j^ jj*.

lSJ^ OsiLs

CJj^

^^^^06\j^

O..Mjk>

29

Cjl-oJio (^^/^ j-^

-^-«i» Os**-/«

,

•

T^

^J?"

dered to be the seat of love. 41.

C.N.I.

golden mean.

Masil

:

scan mas f/i/d.

See Ecclesiastes,

vii.

The Epicurean

16, 17.

THE QUATRAINS OF

30

42.

Behold these cups

Can He who deigned

!

to

make them, In wanton freak

So many shapely

What love

ruin overtake them,

let

drives

feet

Him

break them

and hands and heads, to

make, what wrath to

?

Death's terrors spring from baseless phantasy,

Death

yields the tree of immortality

Since 'Isa breathed

new

Eternal death has washed

life its

into

my

hands of

soul,

me

44.

Like tulips in the Spring your cups

And, with a

tulip- cheeked

With joy your wine, or With some unlocked

lift

up,

companion, sup e'er this

azure wheel

for blast upset

your cup.

Pii/dlae, a cup. So Job, 42. C. N. A. B. I. J. " Thy hands have made me, yet thou dost destroy

me.'^

OMAR KHAYyA:M.

ciw-^

:t>^^ ^jj

^^ u^

31

^^^

Fr

•>

(jl^

43.

ulfanob.

44.

L. N.

^jJi ^.>--:^ ^^ jl

^(J.!>J

G

Meaning-, the Sufi doctrine of ^^/l-a

See Gulshan C. L. N. A.

i

1. J.

Raz, p. 31.

6aV

THE QUATRAINS OF

32

45.

Pacts will not change to humour man's caprice, So vaunt not

human

powers, hut hold your

peace

Here must we

weighed down with grief

stay,

for this,

That we were horn so

late, so

soon decease.

46.

Khayyam why weep you that your !

'

i

[

life is

had

?

What hoots it thus to mourn ? Rather be glad. He that sins not can make no claim to mercy, Mercy was made

for sinners

—he not sad.

47.

All mortal

To

Alas

!

45.

striving

Prosody

is

bounded by the

beyond man's sight

see

Yea

ken

!

bosom

earth's dark

't

were long

C. L.

N. A.

is

too frail;

his only

home;

to tell the doleful tale.

I.

J.

Meaning, the

against predestination. 13.

is all

veil.

Anh,

for

futility diiki.

of Bl.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

CJ;--^

Cil3i

Ijj^

74.

Bl. C. L.

N. A.

assembly/'' or Sabbath.

J*

I.

J.

^^^

^'^-^j/*^

Friday

is

the day " of

THE QUATKAINS OF

52

75.

The very wine a myriad forms

And

sustains,

of plants and

to take shapes

creatures

deigns

But deem not that Its

forms

may

essence ever dies,

its

perish, hut its self remains.

76. 'Tis

naught hut smoke

this people's fire doth

hear,

For

my

With I grasp

well-heing not a soul doth care hands, fate makes

men's

skirts,

me lift up

;

in despair,

hut find no succour there.

77.

This hosom friend, on

Seems

to clear

whom you

so rely,

wisdom's eyes an enemy

Choose not your friends

;

from this rude

multitude.

Their converse 75.

Bl. C. L.

bic form is

is

a plague

N. A.

hayawan

is

I.

J.

'tis

best to

On this Bl. notes

required by the meVe.^^

the Arabic plural, used as a singular.

fly.

''

The Ara-

And

8%iwar

Bl. Prosody 5.

OMAR KHAYYAil.

lI^Ioxs

C.^^^\

53

C--^^jo ui^j/0

vv

Wine means the divine "Noumenon." Gulshan i Rdz,

825.

76.

Bl. C. L.

N. A.

I. J.

Scan

77.

Bl. C. L.

N. A.

I. J.

The MSS. transpose the

lines.

tafifa.

THE QUATRAINS OF

54

78. foolish

one

moulded earth

this

!

is

This particoloured vault of heaven

Our

sojourn in this seat of

Is but one breath,

and what

is

naught,

is

naught;

and death

life

that but naught

?

79.

Some

A

wine, a Houri, (Houris

if

there be,)

green bank by a stream, with minstrelsy; Toil not to find a better Paradise,

If other Paradise indeed there be

!

80.

To the wine-house

saw the sage

I

repair.

Bearing a wine-cup, and a mat for prayer I said,

"O

Shaikh, what does this conduct

mean?" Said he, "

Go drink

N.

78.

Bl. L.

79.

Bl. C. L.

Shahl

N. A.

the world

!

1.

i

mujassam, J.

'

is

naught but

the earth/

Bl.

DozaM ifarsuda/ sai old

OMAE KHAYYAM.

55

VA

Ow^^^^^-14^ C-"—*^ LT^^J^ *^^

^

A*

hell/ 80.

i.e.

vain things which create a hell for you.

N.

Bl.

THE QUATRAINS OP

56

81.

The Bulbul

to tlie garden

Viewed

cups, and roses smiling gay,

lily

winged his way,

Cried in ecstatic notes, "

You

live

your

life,

never will re-live this fleeting day."

82.

Thy body

is

The Sultan

When

a tent, where harbourage spirit

takes for one brief age

he departs, comes the tent-pitcher

death. Strikes

it,

and onward moves, another

stage.

83.

Khayyam, who long time

stitched the tents of

learning,

Has

fallen into a furnace,

and

lies

burning,

Death's shears have cut his thread of

life

asunder. Fate's brokers sell

him

off

with scorn and

spurning.

81.

N.

The MSS. have a

ginning, Bulbul p. 12.

dm.

Jam

.

.

.

variation .

rd.

of this,

be-

See Bl. Prosody,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

57

AT

Ar

82.

C. L. N. A.

in line 3, 'stage.''

83.

I.

J.

J/a»zi7, in line

EJumdye, a

C. L. N. A. B.

I.

J.

*tent.^

2/ lodging

;'

THE QUATKAINS OF

68

84.

In the sweet spring a grassy bank I sought,

And

thither wine,

and a

fair

Houri brought

And, though the people called

me

graceless

dog,

Gave not

to Paradise another thought

85.

Sweet

And

rose-ruddy wine in goblets gay,

sweet are lute and harp and roundelay

But 'Tis

is

for the zealot

sweet

when he

who

is

ignores the cup,

twenty leagues away

!

86. Life,

void of wine, and minstrels with their lutes,

And the soft murmurs of Trakian flutes, Were nothing worth 1 scan the world and :

see.

Save pleasure,

84.

life yields

C. L. N. A. B.

Bl. Prosody, p. 10.

I. J.

only bitter

fruits.

Batar, a contraction.

See

OMAR KHAYYAM.

59

Ac

A1

85. 86.

N. The MSS. have a variation L. N.

of this. NoteZ/^iW*.

See an answer to this in No. 97.

THE QUATRAINS OP

60

87.

Make

And

haste

!

soon must you quit this life below,

pass the veil, and Allah's secrets

Make

know

your pleasure while

haste to take

you may,

You wot not whence you come, nor whither

Depart we must

what hoots

!

To walk in vain

it

go.

then to be,

desires continually ?

Nay, but if heaven vouchsafe no place of rest,

What power

to cease our

wanderings have we

?

89.

To chant I live

wine's praises

is

my

daily task,

encompassed by cup, bowl and

Zealot

!

if

flask

reason be thy guide, then

know

That guide of me doth ofttimes guidance

87.

C. L. N. A.

88.

N.

89.

C. L. N. A.

In

I.

In

line 3 scan

line 3 scan Jdj/iffd. I. J.

In

line

ask.

nlddmyaz.

Bl., Prosody, p. 15.

1

scan maddalnyi

OMAR KHAYYAM.

61

AV

AA

d.*.^'X«

^

j-^

*^

r^ cl-*—a« i^uu**\

and compare Horace, " Edocet artes

;

Fecundi calices quern nonfecere diserium."

5

THE QUATRAINS OF

62

90.

men And

of morals

why

!

thus misjudge

Save weakness charms,

What

sins of

do ye defame.

me ?

am

I

not to blame.

the grape, and female

for

mine can any of ye name

?

91.

Who treads in passion's footsteps here A helpless pauper will depart, I trow Eemember who you

are,

below, ;

and whence you

come, Consider what you do, and whither go. 92.

Skies like a zone our weary lives enclose,

And from Hell

is

our tear-stained eyes a Jihun flows a

fire

;

enkindled of our griefs

Heaven but a moment's peace,

stolen

from our

woes.

90.

0. L. N. A.

C. L.

J.

This change of persons

Gladwin, Persian Rhetoric,

called Iltifdt.

91.

I.

N.

A..

I.

Khabarat

:

is

p. 56.

see BL, Prosody, p. v.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

92.

C. L. N. A. B.

of similes

is

I.

J.

called Tlrsi'a.

63

This balanced arrangement

Gladwin,

p. 5.

THE QUATEAINS OF

64

93. I

drown

My

soul

A

—show me Thy clemency dark — make me Thy light to see

in sin is

heaven that must be earned by painful works,

I call a

wage, not a

gift fair

and

free.

94.

Did He who made me fashion me

Or destine me Yet will

I

for

heaven ?

I

for hell,

cannot

not renounce cup, lute and love,

earthly cash for heavenly credit

Nor

tell.

sell.

95.

Erom right and left Saying,

But

By

if

this wine, this foe of

wine he the foe of holy

Allah, right

93.

the

"Renounce

the censors came and stood,

C. L.

hamza

N. A.

in

Prosody 11).

it is

good;"

faith.

to drink its blood

I. J.

Arabic words like razoJ drop

Persian, except with

For this hamza, ya

is

the izafat

:

(Bl,

often used, as here.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

'

y ^^j

^-^^

65

^-5joo

^^

.^

'^^'S c^lW^

91.

C. L. N. A. B.

after silent he.

95.

I.

In

Bl, Prosody,

C. L. N. A. B.

I. J.

v_iia] ^^^

line

^1

:y

4 the izdfai

is

dropped

p. 15.

See Koran,

ii.

187.

THE QUATEAINS OF

66

96.

The good and

evil

with man's nature blent,

The weal and woe that heaven's decrees have sent,

Impute them not

to

motions of the

Skies than thyself ten times

skies,

more impotent.

97.

Against death's arrows what are bucklers worth?

What

all

When

the I

pomps and

riches of the earth

?

survey the world, I see no good

But goodness,

all

beside

is

nothing worth.

98.

Weak Hold

souls,

who from the world cannot refrain,

life-long fellowship

with ruth and pain

Hearts free from worldly cares have store of bliss.

All others seeds of bitter

96.

Allah.

C. L. N. A.

I. J.

woe

Fate

is

contain.

merely the decree of

For the distinction between kaza and kadar, see

Pocock, Specimen Historic Arahuin,

p.

207.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

\

97.

N.

67

Jas> 2^^a:>\s &j;^

^ ^^

J^

&:^ J^j^

Os>j4-

*ioU

J5ji

Possibly written on the margin by some

pious reader as an answer to No. 86. 98.

b

L. N.

Tajrid, see Gulshan

i

Rdz, p.

8, n.

THE QUATEAINS OF

68

99.

He, in whose bosom wisdom's seed

To waste a

single day

is

sown,

was never known

;

Either he strives to work great Allah's will.

Or

else exalts the cup,

and works

his

own.

100.

When

My

Allah mixed

my

clay,

He knew

full

well

future acts, and could each one foretell

;

Without His will no act of mine was wrought then just to punish

Is it

me

in hell

?

101.

common days.

Ye,

who

Do

not on Eriday quit your drinking ways

cease not to drink on

Adopt my

creed,

and count

all

Be worshippers of God, and not 99.

C. L.

N. A. B.

I. J.

;

days the same, of days.

Tarahe, query,

tahhme?

giving a Kne in metre 23. 100.

destination,

A

Of

Moslem theory of preKhayyam might truly say, " Ten thousand

C. L.

N.

I.

the

OMAR

M

KHAYYA3I.

69

*

j^j^^

(J^^ iJ^J v«jL j:> b

1*1 d.A^*,*-> z^**^ ^-^.-H^ "-r*!/**

CU-Jij

AJO^^

jj^ (J^^ ^ ^^

mortals, drowned in endless woe,

For

W€re compelled to do." 101.

L.N.

^lh(^^

In line 3 scan

j^a/(-w^.

doing"

what they

THE QUATKAINS OF

70

102. If grace be grace,

Adam

and Allah gracious

from Paradise

why

banished

Grace to poor sinners shown

is

be,

He ?

grace indeed;

In grace hard earned by works no grace I

see.

103.

Dame

Portune's smiles are full of guile, be-

ware

Her

!

scimitar

is

sharp to smite, take care

If e'er she drop a sweetmeat in thy 'Tis poisonous,

—

mouth,

to swallow it forbear

104.

Wherever you see a rose or tulip bed.

Know that a mighty monarch's And where Be

blood was shed;

the violet rears her purple tuft.

sure a black-moled girl hath laid her head.

102.

N.

The tashdid of rabb

is

dropped.

Bl.,

Pro-

sody, p. iv.

103

C, L. A. B. I.

Hus/i contracted from

/losk.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

71

IT

r

104.

B. L.

beorinning:

The MSS. have

Ear khisU

hi.

a variation

of

this,

THE QUATRAINS OF

72

105.

Wine Cup

is

is

a melting ruby, cup

its

the body, and the soul

is

mine

;

wine;

These crystal goblets smile with ruddy wine

Like

that

tears,

blood of

wounded

hearts

enshrine.

106.

Drink wine

!

'tis life

etern,

and

travail's

meed,

Eruitage of youth, and balm of age's need 'Tis the glad

time of roses, wine and friends

Rejoice thy spirit

—that

is life

indeed.

107.

Drink wine

!

long must you sleep within the

tomb, "Without a friend, or wife to cheer your gloom

Hear what

I say,

and

tell it

not again,

" Never again can withered tulips bloom."

105.

L. B.

106.

L. B.

There being no hafat aher ^drdn, ear

mast must agree with hang dm.

i

OMAR KHAYrMI. *i>

1

OwoW

cu^^

^jijJJi

^ifj^Vj

73

J

^W^

c^.....

?>

^^^^^ J^^ J^j^ 1

'V

CUaSClJ JJb\y^ ^if^j^ ^Ai'^^i^ 107.

C. A. B.

Oedipus Coloneus.

I. J.

This recalls the chorus in the

THE QUATRAINS OF

74

108.

They preach how sweet those Houri

brides

will he,

But

wine

I say

Hold

is

sweeter

and

fast this cash,

And shun

—taste and see let that credit go.

the din of empty drums like me.

109.

Once and again

To teach I

my

soul did

me

implore,

her, if I might, the heavenly lore

bade her learn the Alif well by heart.

Who knows that letter well need learn no more. 110. I

came not hither of

And

go against

Cupbearer

!

my

my own freewill.

wish, a puppet

gird thy loins,

still;

and fetch some

wine;

To purge the

108.

109.

world's despite,

C. L. A. B.

B.

I. J.

Alif kafat,

Probably a quotation.

my

goblet

fill.

^itr/ nuptials/ the

One (God)

is

enough.

Hafiz (Ode 416) uses the same

OMAR KHAYYAM. ^

J

j^jo &xJ> (jU\

C*a4^

;j*>j

v.::*^^^

C- JIp J Jo I

r

I

121.

L. L.

J.

Time

:ij>\

I

^^lSt^jIj^

122.

83

Js>o

&r

vj:,^jkjj\i3

rr

is lonjj

and

life

short.

Alludinf^ to the o-olden stamens of the rose.

I supply tiAi from the Cambtidij^e

MS.

THE QUATRAINS OF

84

123.

Heaven's wheel has made

full

many

a heart to

moan,

And many

a budding rose to earth has thrown

Plume thee not on thy youth and

;

lusty

strength,

Full

many

a

bud

is

blasted ere

'tis

blown.

124 to rule but "

Truth ?" not one.

What

lord

What

beings disobey His rule

is fit

?

not one.

All things that are are such as

And naught

is

He

decrees,

there beside beneath the sun.

125.

That azure coloured vault, and golden tray

Have

turned, and will turn yet for

And just

We

so we, impelled

come here In

for a while,

line 3

123.

L.

1'24.

C. L. A.

for the Deity.

I.

?,cdLn

many a day

by turns of

fate,

then pass away.

jawdni^di/

"The Truth ^Ms

the Sufi

Note tmhdid on llakk dropped.

name

OMAR KHAYYAM. f

c^^;>

Oli-^

C-.--^

125.

Bl. L.

Job

Bl.,

rr

&:ii£^li

^__^

Guzasht, " It

" Golden tray/' the Sim. Prosody, p. 11.

85

In

^^^^

d^\

is all

line

^ j^^^

over with 1

^

us.''

Bl.,

scan Idjdwardlyd.

THE QUATEAINS OF

86

126.

The Master did himself

Why

these vessels frame,

should he cast them out to scorn and

shame

?

he has made them

If

break them

well,

why

should he

?

Yea, though he marred them, they are not to blame. 127.

Kindness to friends and

No kindly

foes 'tis well to show,

heart can prove unkind, I trow

Harshness will alienate a bosom

And

kindness reconcile a deadly

:

friend,

foe.

128.

To

lover true,

Or

if

Or

what matters dark or

the loved one lie

silk,

on down or

fair ?

or sackcloth wear.

dust, or rise to

heaven

?

Yea, though she sink to hell, he'll seek her there.

126.

C. L. A.

I. J.

plural used as a singular.

In line 4 suwar Bl.,

Prosody,

is

p. 5.

an Arabic

OMAR KHAYYAM. ir

87

1

irv

c^^_5^ :iyf ^j^

QiU:>

J']

^^^^

irA

127.

L.

In line % scan neyMydsh.

128.

L.

Probably mystical.

b

THE QUATRAINS OF

88

129.

Full

many

a hill and vale I journeyed o'er

;

Journeyed through the world's wide quarters four,

But never heard

When

of pilgrim

who returned

once they go, they go to come no more.

130.

Wine-houses flourish through

this thirst of

mine,

Loads of remorse weigh down this hack of mine Yet,

if I

sinned not, what would mercy do

Mercy depends upon these

sins of

?

mine.

131.

Thy being is Thy

passion

the being of Another, is

the passion of Another.

Cover thy head, and think, and thou wilt see,

Thy hand

is

but the cover of Another.

129.

C. L. N. (in part) A.

I. J.

130.

C. Bl. L. A.

Bl. quotes similar senti-

I.

J.

ments from Nizami and Hafiz. attribute,

and

Mercy

is

God's highest

sin is required to call it forth.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

2lj

t^y^.j

tluijCj

0S^^Ui j^ J ^JO

CjlJ^S-

JxSl3 J^

irr

"

Vj^

>Jb

"^

O

^jl..i ^^ kIL^

^jj>'

^^*

4t^Jo

^^

Oli^

93

y J^O ji

cijj

i

in

3 ,o.5o^ V—M^

its'

i

,

&]lo

,^

.

Ji.jO

irv

2\^ '^:^i^^

cill:^^

^

cj:V^j_5 J-*^

3I4J Ci)l>

137.

J^^j^

C. L. N. A.

^

&iU J

I. J.

c\^5^^ ^^^

S-^

^j

^_^ ^

2s

jc^=6

^^ r^^^^

"remits the penalty.

called Tajnis.

THE QUATRAINS OP

100

147.

They

whose

at

whole world stands

lore the

amazed, thoughts, like Bordk, to heaven are

Whose high

raised,

know Thee in vain, and like heaven's

Strive to

wheel Their heads are turning, and their hrains are dazed. 148.

Allah hath promised wine in Paradise,

Why

then should wine on earth be deemed a vice?

An Arab Eor that

in his cups cut

sole cause

Hamzah's

girths,

was drink declared

a vice.

149.

Now Of

of old joys

all old friends

And that wine

naught but the name but wine new, but

Por save the cup, what 147.

C.

L.

N. A.

Muhammad made 148.

L. N.

his

we

still

is left,

are bereft,

cleave to the cup,

single joy is left ?

Borak,

the

steed

on which

famous nocturnal ascent to heaven.

Nicolas says this refers to an event

OMAR KHAYYAM.

I

•tr^

Fa

ir^ '^^

LT^

101

"^J" J

LS'^^^'^

o

which occured 149.

to

Hamzah, a

L. N. B.

In

relation of

line 2 scan 7nai/i.

Muhammad.

THE QUATRAINS OF

102

150.

The world

will last long after

Has passed away,

yea,

and

Khayyam's fame

his very

name

;

Aforetime we were not, and none did heed.

When we are dead and gone, 'twill be the same. 151.

The sages who have compassed

sea

and land,

Their secret to search out, and understand,

My mind

misgives

me

The scheme on which

if

they ever solve

this universe is planned.

152.

Ah

wealth takes wings, and leaves our hands

!

all bare,

And

death's rough hands delight our hearts to

tear

And from

the nether world let none escape,

To bring us news of the poor pilgrims 150. Bl.,

N.

The contraction bud

Prosody 13.

151.

C. L.

N. A.

I.

for

bud

is

there.

archaic,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

103

1-0

Id

Jo 35-^

tjl^j^^

^^jiwAi^

J JJ\ J

lor

J^ CD^

li^^

^^^^ Js>^ C-*--*^ jj

Lf^j\ ^^J, S^ \^\^\

152.

C. L.

N. A.

preceding

it, is

long.

In

I.

not treated as an ^///"

/

'^

line 3 the

2t'a*/,

J^\J

^j^

Alif in az we

is

hence sam, the syllable

THE QUATRAINS OP

104

153. 'Tis passing strange, those titled

Pind their own

lives a

burden

noblemen

sore,

but

They meet with poorer men, not

when

slaves to

sense,

They

scarcely deign to reckon

them

as

men.

154.

The wheel on

high,

still

busied with despite,

Will ne'er unloose a wretch from his sad plight

But when

it

lights

upon a smitten

heart,

Straightway essays another blow to smite.

155.

Now is the volume of my youth outworn, And all my spring-tide blossoms rent and torn. Ah, bird of youth

!

I

marked not when you

came.

Nor when you

153.

C. L.

fled,

N.A.I.

and

me

left

thus forlorn.

In Hne 4 scan Adamesha.

See

Bl., Prosody, p. xii. Section xxix.

154.

C. L. N. A. I.

—Note

ra separated from

its

OMAR KHAYYAM.

105

o

^b

^b

Joi

ills'

^b

»^

\s^jb

66

vXi»

^J' J^\

noun by intervening155.

C. L. N. A.

^

genitives. I.

solving the diphthong.

In

sS

J>1 Jo

iV>y

Vullers, Section 207.

line

4 scan kaydmad,

dis-

THE QUATHAINS OF

106

156.

These

fools,

Think they

And

by dint of ignorance most in

wisdom

glibly do they

Whoever

is not, like

all

crass,

mankind surpass

damn

;

as infidel,

themselves, an ass.

157.

be the wine-house thronged with

Still

its

glad

choir,

And

Pharisaic skirts burnt

Still

up with

fire

be those tattered frocks, and azure robes

Trod under

feet of revellers in the mire.

158.

Why

toil

ye to ensue illusions vain,

And good Ye And,

or evil of the world attain?

rise like

like

156. shall die

N.

Zamzam,

or the fount of

life,

them, in earth's bosom sink again. So Job,

with you."

"Ye

are the people,

and wisdom

Probably addressed to the 'Ulama.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

J±^^

(jli-^^ ,^_^o^ ^\

107

i^ (ji>lwj^

Cv

I

oUs^ ^^ j

157.

C. L. N. A. J.

DA

^J

^J^j

Hafiz (Ode V.) speaks of the

blue robes of certain Darvishes, as a 158.

C. L.

N. A.

I.

&^^ jT

mark

of hypocrisy.

THE QUATRAINS OF

108

159. Till the

No

Eriend pours his wine to glad

kisses to

They

say,

my *'

face will

my heart,

heaven impart

Repent in time ;" but how repent,

my hard heart?

Ere Allah's grace hath softened

160.

When

I

So that

am I

dead, take

be a caution unto

And knead me Use

me

me and

me

grind

small,

all.

into clay with wine,

to stop the wine-jar's

mouth

and then withal.

161.

What though Doth

the sky with

close us in so that

its

blue canopy

we cannot

see,

In the etern Cupbearer's wine, methinks,

There

float a

159.

mend

his

160.

myriad bubbles

C. L. N. A.

I.

Meaning",

like to

man

ways without Divine grace. C. L. N. A.

I. J.

is

me.

powerless to

OMAR KHAYYAM.

a^l

^\

(OJ5_5

v>j^ j

f^^

v>JjL> ^^=9

J^*-

V^

^^A^

3^_^

161. Bl.,

N.

Prosody,

p. 247.

^W j3

^

&^

^

CiJl>-

109

JOj3

&S^

>^ &^j3

1],

cjj.>.

^_^ ^^^ i^y^

^j>

i^j>-

^^\

i'-i^

d^\>

^L>

JO

c;^^

For the taslulid on sdkh/)/i p.

Ooo^S"

in line 4, see

and Lumsden, Graninoar^

vol.

ii.,

THE QUATRAINS OF

110

162.

Take heart

While

And

Long

!

stars

in the

weary tomb

you'll

lie,

keep countless watches in the sky,

see your ashes

moulded into

bricks,

To build another's house and turrets high.

163.

Glad hearts, who seek not notoriety,

Nor

flaunt in gold and silken bravery,

Haunt not this ruined But wing

earth like gloomy owls,

their way, Simurgh-like, to the sky.

164.

Wine's power

fs

known

to wine-bibbers alone. 'tis

never shown

blame not them who never

felt its force,

To narrow heads and hearts I

For,

till

162.

they

feel

L. N.

line 1 note izafat

it,

how can

C. A. and

dropped

I.

split

it

be known?

this into two.

after silent he.

In

HI

OMAR KHAYYAM.

•^^ ^r^

^J ifj'3y. J'J^ b

(j\l«-/c

c;V^

&^3^-^

^i^];>-

;^J'^

^^^ Cw^jjb

163.

C. L, N. A.

164.

C. N. A.

I.

I. J.

THE QUATRAINS OF

112

165.

Needs must the tavern-haunter bathe in wine,

Por none can make a tarnished name

Go

me wine, for none can now restore

bring

!

sheen to this soiled

Its pristine

to shine

veil of

mine.

166. 1 wasted life in hope, yet gathered not

In

all

my

life

Now my Till I

of happiness one jot

fear is that life

may not

have taken vengeance on

my

endure, lot

167'

Be very wary

And on

in the soul's domain,

the world's affairs your lips refrain

Be, as

it

were, sans tongue, sans ear, sans eye,

While tongue, and

165.

;

C. L.

ears,

N. A. B.

and eyes you

I.

In

still

line 3 scan

dissolving the letter of prolongation

ya

retain.

masturii/i

OMAE KHAYYAM.

113

1.10

I

n

nv

1G6.

C. L.

line 3, note the

167.

L. N.

In N. A. I. Eozgdrc, "some time." madd of An dropped. Bl. ^ Prosody, p. 1 1

lU

THE QUATKAINS OP

168.

Let him rejoice

A

little

who has

a loaf of bread,

nest wherein to lay his head,

Is slave to

In truth his

man

none, and no lot is

slaves for him,

wondrous well

bested.

169.

What

adds

my

Or how can

service to

sin of

Thy majesty?

mine dishonour Thee ?

pardon, then, and punish not, I j

Thou 'rt slow

to wrath,

know

and prone to clemency.

i

170.

Hands, such as mine, that handle bowls of wine, 'Twere shame to book and pulpit to confine; Zealot! thou'rt dry, and I

am

moist with

drink,

Yea, far too moist to catch that

168.

C. L. N. A.

I.

169.

C. L.

N. A.

I.

170.

L. N.

fire of

thine

Note wa omitted.

I follow Nicolas in taking mani as a

OMAR KHAYYAM. .

115

Ma

possessive pronoun, ''mine," though such a word is not mentioned in any grammar or dictionary. It occurs again in No. 478.

THE QUATRAINS OF

116

171.

Whoso

aspires to gain a rose-cheeked

fair,

Sharp pricks from fortune's thorns must learn to bear.

See

till

!

this

comb was

never dared to touch

It

cleft

my

by cruel

cuts,

lady's hair.

172.

Por ever may

And my

hands on wine be stayed,

heart pant for some fair Houri maid

say, "

They

my

May

Allah aid thee to repent

!

I could not, e'en with Allah's aid

Repent

173.

(

Soon

Of

all

shall I go,

my

Alas

there die with

!

C.

fate deplored,

precious pearls not one

To which these 171.

by time and

fools

L. N. A.

I.

fit

me

is

bored

a thousand truths

audience ne'er accord.

Lyttleton expresses a similar

sentiment. 172.

C. L. N. A. B.

I. J.

Note the conjunctive pro-

OMAR KHAYYAM.

»X1j

^l^ j^

\3

s^

117

S.!^

j6U» j^

ivr

^-^ ^^ LT^y^^J^ joy o>yJ &^=> jj^^

^^ (V-^ 3U:i

noun

a?» separated

173.

C. L.

^

from

N. A.

and hekhiradiyyi,

I.

its

noun, Bl., Prosody,

p. xiii.

For the tashdids on maniyiji

see Bl., Prosody, p. 11.

THE QUATRAINS OF

118

174 To-day

The

how sweetly

rains have terre

And "

breathes the temperate

air,

newly laved the parched par-

;

Bulbuls cry in notes of ecstacy,

Thou too,

pallid rose, our

wine must share !"

175.

Ere you succumb to shocks of mortal pain,

The rosy

You Your

grape-juice from your wine- cup drain.

are not gold, that, hidden in the earth.

friends should care to dig

you up again

176.

My

coming brought no

Nor does

my

profit to the sky,

going swell

its

majesty

Coming and going put me Ear never heard 174. Bl.;

L. N. B.

Prosody,

175.

p. 12.

C. L.

their wherefore nor their

why.

Note hhwarcl rhyming with gard.

The waw,

N. A. B.

imperative, /armay.

to a stand,

1. J.

Bl.,

of course, does not count,

Note the old form of the

Prosody,

p. 13.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

:>^ Job ^^

176. for

C. L.

N. A. B.

dmadanam, which

similar lines in his

I.

i6

J.

jij

In

will not scan.

poem on

119

^

line

:»U^9

4 read dmadan

Voltaire has some

the Lisbon earthquake.

THE QUATRAINS OF

120

177.

The heavenly Sage, whose wit exceeds compare, Counteth each vein, and numbereth every hair

Men you may cheat by hypocritic arts, But how cheat Him to whom all hearts are bare ?

178.

Ah And !

wine lends wings to many a weary wight, ladies' faces bright

beauty spots to

All

Eamazan

I

have not drunk a drop, Bairam's blessed night

Thrice welcome then,

179.

All night in deep bewilderment I fret,

With tear-drops big I cannot

How

can

it

fill

my

as pearls

cranium with wine,

hold wine,

N. A.

177.

C. L.

178.

C. L. N. A.

my breast is wet

when

'tis

thus upset

?

I. J. I.

Bairam, the feast on the 1st

OMAR KHAYYAM. ,

I

121

vv

IVA

^^ Jlr^ ^^

*

Shawwal,

after

Ramazan. In

^^'^ s-^-^ cij^

line 2,

khirad seems wrong,

the rhyme would suggest khar o ? 179.

C. L. N.

A.

I.

Note tashdid of durr dropped.

THE QUATRAINS OF

122

180.

To prayer and All

my

Alas

My

when my

fasting

desire I surely !

my

purity

is

lieart inclined,

hoped to find

stained with wine,

prayers are wasted like a breath of wind.

181.

I worship rose-red cheeks with heart and soul,

my

I suffer not I

Or

hand

make each e'er

my

to quit the bowl,

part of

me

his function do,

parts be swallowed in the Whole.

182.

This worldly love of yours

is

counterfeit,

And, like a half-spent blaze, lacks light and heat True love

his,

is

who

for days,

months and

years,

Rests

not,

nor

sleeps,

nor craves

for

drink

or meat.

180.

C. L.

N. A.

line 4, note izafat

181.

I.

In

line 2, scan

dropped after

C. L. N. A.

I.

hulUyam.

In

silent he.

Line 4 alludes to reabsorption

OMAR KHAYYAM.

123

|A.

vX^

J^U

(^y:>'

^^J^^ J^=V

in the Divine essence. A;m^/

ij^j

C^JLT-

J J,U^ ^XjL

^ U^

Note juzioiyam, and tashdid of

dropped.

182.

L. N. B.

Cjlj

Line 3

is

in

metre 17.

THE QUATEAINS OF

124

183.

Why

spend

life

in vainglorious essay

All Being and Not-being to survey ?

Since Death

is

ever pressing at your heels,

'Tis best to drink or

dream your

life

away.

184.

Some hanker

after that vain

phantasy

Of Houris, feigned in Paradise But,

when

the veil

is lifted,

to be

they will find

How far they are from Thee, how far from Thee

185.

In Paradise, they tell us, Houris dwell.

And

fountains run with wine and oxymel:

If these

Surely 183. i.e.

'tis

be lawful in the world to come. right to love

C. L.

N. A.

I. J.

In

them here

as well.

line 2, scan joay?.

Being,

the Deity, the only real existence, and Not-being,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

125

lAr

^

"

^

|A0

the nonentity in which His attributes are reflected.

Gulshan 184.

i

Kdz,

p.

See

14.

C. L. N. A. I.

185.

C. L. N. A.

I. J.

THE QUATRAINS OF

126

186.

A

draught of wine would make a mountain dance,

Base

Wine

A

who

the churl

is

is

looks at wine askance

a soul our bodies to inspire,

truce to this vain talk of temperance!

187.

Oft doth

my

soul her prisoned state bemoan.

Her earth-born comate she would

And

quit, did

Upbear her

foot

fain disown,

not the stirrup of the law

from dashing on the

stone.

188.

The moon Alas, our

of

Ramazan

is risen,

see!

wine must henceforth banished be

Well on Sha'bdn's !

To keep me drunk 186.

C.L.N.

187.

N.

myself, were

A.

last

till

day I'll drink enough

Bairam's jubilee.

I.

Meaning, 'I would make it

away

with

not for " the Almighty's canon 'gainst

OMAR KHAYYAM.

127

Jo.^=9

'^

I

jo\ Ci^JuJ ^j^aJj

Jo Jo

cIIa-IS"

Oo,:^j^

G

JsJkff-

AV

^j:>

1

(^* J:i &S^

&^

AA

(jUa/oj alo &^

{J\y^

|*I^J0

\^ 2^V j^

5:\>

&S"lX^\^

^1413

in the

191.

term

(Jj^

hand of each/^

the limits of his

l^\jo

129

^JtAC'

cL^j^ &r

;^

^l^'O^ (^^XiSO

" Beyond his nature/'

i.e.

beyond

own thought.

C. L. N. A. B.

I.

Tlie skies

have their allotted

like you, yet do not distress themselves.

K

THE QUATRAINS OF

130

192.

What

eye can pierce the veil of God's decrees,

Or read the

riddle of earth's destinies?

Pondered have

But

still

am

I for years threescore

baffled

and

ten,

by these mysteries. 193.

They

say,

when

the last trump shall sound

its knell,

Our Friend

will sternly judge,

Can aught but good from come? Compose your trembling

and doom to

hell.

perfect goodness

hearts,

't

will all

be

well.

194.

Drink wine to root up metaphysic weeds,

And tangle of the Do not forswear

two-and-seventy creeds; that wondrous alchemy,

'Twill turn to gold, and cure a thousand needs. 192.

C. L.

N. A.

I.

So Job, "The thunder of his

power who can understand?" C. L. N. A. I. J. 193. 194.

C. L. N. A. B.

I.

Juzi, {?)juzaz.

Muhammad

said,

"My

OMAR KHAYYAM. \

vXl!> 2>lfel

JJl> ^^3j5

131

^ r

LT^

&A3LJJ

5

;?f^:^

J^^"^ J5

C-*-l5C> ^^^JU

Mr

.^

vMl^s-

J-^^^ C^-Jls- S^ ^ti\Jji^

w

people shall be divided into seventy-three sects,

all

which, save one, shall have their portion in the

fire."

Pocock, Specimen 210.

of

THE QUATRAINS OF

132

195.

Though drink is wrong, take you drink,

And who you

whom

care with

are that drink, and what

you

drink

And

drink at will,

for,

these

points

three

observed,

Who

but the very wise can ever drink

?

196.

To drain a gallon beaker

I design,

Yea, two great beakers, brimmed with richest

wine

;

Old faith and reason thrice will

Then take

I divorce,

to wife the daughter of the vine.

197.

True

Eor

I drink wine, like I

know Allah

Before time was,

And who am 195.

C. L.

every

of sense,

will not take offence

;

He knew that I should drink,

I to thwart

N. A. B.

the subject of wine.

man

I.

A

His prescience

?

hit at the casuistry

on

OMAR KHAYYAM.

133

1^6

^jy^- s^s>

Jiy

196.

Koran, 197.

C. ii.

>1

ISr.

b^ j^ljJic s^

J^^ J

^-c ^?"

A.

I.

A

C. L.

K A. B.

py::^*

triple divorce

230. I.

2l£_jTj

is

^

irrevocable.

THE QUATRAINS OF

134

198.

Rich men, who take

to drink, the world defy

With shameless

and

my

Place in

riot,

as heggars die

ruby pipe some emerald hemp,

'Twill do as well to blind care's serpent eye.

199.

These

fools

have never burnt the midnight

In deep research, nor do they ever

To

step

oil

toil

beyond themselves, but dress them

fine,

And

plot of credit others to despoil.

200.

When

false

dawn

grey

line.

streaks the east with cold

Pour in your cups the pure blood of the vine

The truth, they say, This

is

198.

tastes bitter in the

a token that the " Truth" C. L. N. A.

Scan

I.

af'ai/l.

is

mouth,

wine.

The emerald

is

supposed to have the virtue of blinding serpents. 199.

C. L.

takes this

7/a

N. A.

Shame chand : Vullers

I.

to beyo.

i

fauJdr

;

and Lumsden

says the presence of this letter, between a

(p.

253)

(ii.

269)

noun and

its

OMAR KHAYYAM.

V"

jj* >>^

»

(i*"

135

/'

^jl>^* 9

U

to

^"^j J»5 ^&iU P^.j ^j^j

J.^ ^IS ViXJc^

(^^j^

^^frS'

SJc\

r

attribute, dispenses

C. L. N. A.

before sunrise.

t.jols»"

Shaniii/1, I.

J.

6^\^:J>

o*—S'ji

•

with the izdfat

the izdfat, and scan 200.

d^-^ij^ J

j^

(?).

But why not add

?

False dawn, the faint light

THE QUATRAINS OF

136

201.

Now is the time earth decks her greenest bowers, And trees, like Musa's hand, grow white with flowers

As

were at

't

breath the plants revive,

'Isa's

While clouds brim

o'er, like

tearful eyes, with

showers. 202.

burden not thyself with drudgery,

Lord of white

and red gold to be

silver

But feast with

friends, ere this

warm

breath

of thine

Be

and earthworms

chilled in death,

feast

on

thee.

203.

The showers of

grape-juice,

which cupbearers

pour,

Quench fires of grief

in

Praise be to Allah,

To heal 201.

sore hearts,

C. L.

20a.

N.

who hath

and

N. A. B.

written without the alif

many a sad heart's core

i

I.

spirits'

sent this

health restore

Musa and

maksur.

balm

Bl.,

'Isa are often

Prosody

3.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

JoOuLfei^

203.

bahhak.

L-^-i->- (^Is:***

C. L. N. A. B.

Didayi garm^

dtishi {Alifi

wad).

137

I. '

lu

line

1

^^-l^Jij

some MSS. read

eyes of anguish/

Scan garm

THE QUATRAINS OF

138

204.

Can

alien Pharisees

Like

us,

Thy

intimates,

Thou say'st, "All Say that

Thy kindness

tell,

who nigh Thee

dwell

?

sinners will I burn with fire."

we know Thee

to strangers,

too well.

205.

comrades dear, when hither ye repair In times to come, communion sweet to share,

While the cupbearer pours your old Magh wine, Call poor

Khayydm

to mind,

and breathe a

prayer.

206.

For me heaven's sphere no music ever made,

Nor yet with, soothing voice

my

If e'er I found brief respite

Back

204.

to woe's thrall I

was

fears allayed

from

my

woes,

at once betrayed.

N.

205. L. N. B. Mdyl.

The second ya

is

the

ya i hatni.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

139

o

O^JiJw-^ ul^a

J^ LT^ J^

^jo

161

ed.1^^

rrr

"i;^^ U ^^^ 224.

C. L. A.

from bud.

I.

A-iU;

Bu contracted from

&S'^

\3

buwad, as bud

THE QUATRAINS OF

152

225.

When

the fair soul this mansion doth vacate,

Each element assumes

And Is

all

its

primal

the silken furniture of

state, life

then dismantled by the blows of

fate.

226.

These people string their beads

of

learned

lumber,

And

tell of

Allah stories without number

But never So wag the

solve the riddle of the skies,

chin,

and get them back to slumber.

227.

These folk are

asses,

laden with conceit,

And glittering drums, that empty sounds repeat

And humble slaves are they of name and fame. Acquire a name, and,

lo

!

they kiss thy

Abr^sham

feet.

Hdtim

225.

C. L. A.

226.

Possibly a hit at the Mutakallamin, or scholastic

theologians.

I.

tab', like

tab'.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

j^

f-H;^^

163

jV ?^j j^

^y» 3^(J

j^jj

cir^^

^^

j^

rn J0ai-w4 ^3t«

v>ol jj*>^-*il

Si\

C. L. A.

227.

;'

*^v>JO &S' (JTj^

I.

Bd

Lumsden,

ii.

afsos

259.

compare, pur mae in

its' 14.5^

(j3^ (^1

^

ulxo J &U-i^

is

and hence hliardn the noun,

the izdfai. glitter

C^J"*^

&^

b (j)^

^^ u^>. ^'S

v>jl

Tihabar,

.:>^^^=u^

No

^\j>

{^J^

an epithet, qualified

Pur 179.

by

masTCala

like it, '

ha

takes

full

of

THE QUATRAINS OP

154

228.

On

the dread day of final scrutiny

Thou

wilt be rated

Get wisdom and

by thy quality fair qualities to-day,

For, as thou art, requited wilt

thou

be.

229.

Many

And

fine heads, like bowls, the Brazier

thus his

He

set

Which

own

made,

similitude portrayed

one upside down above our heads,

keeps us

all

continually afraid.

230.

My

true condition I

may thus

explain

In two short verses, which the whole contain "

Erom love

to

Thee

I

now lay down my

In hope Thy love will raise 228.

C. L. A.

I.

229.

C. L. A.

I.

Kdnsa

is

me up again."

" One upside down,^'

also spelled kdsa.

life,

i.e.

the sky.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

155

rrA

230.

C.

stands for ya

L. i

A.

I.

tankir.

Scan

icdJcVdy'i.

Here

-^awiza

THE QUATRAINS OF

156

231.

The

heart, like tapers, takes at beauty's eyes

A flame, And

and

lives

beauty

is

by that whereby

dies

it

a flame where hearts, like

moths, Offer themselves a burning sacrifice.

232.

To please the righteous

life itself

And, though they tread

me

Men

say, "

I

sell.

down, never rebel;

Inform us what and where

is

hell?" Ill

company

will

make

this earth a hell.

233.

The sun doth smite the And, Khosrau Arise,

like, his

and drink

!

roofs with Orient ray.

wine-red sheen display

the herald of the

Uplifts his voice, and cries, "

231.

L.

the metre

drink to-day !"

Metre Ramal, No. 50.

syllable is short. is like

See Bl., Prosody,

dawn

p.

In

line 3 the first

43.

In this form

Horace's " Miserarum est"

etc.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

167

rri

f-pf.

l)

^j^ u:w^ (j^^

^ 0*1^

rrr

^

»
!

278.

C. L.

after silent he.

N. A.

I.

J.

i'>

In

y^

O^^^j

&?^ jj

line 1 note izdfat

Compare Horace's Ode

dropped

to Leuconoe.

THE QUATRAmS OF

188

279.

"What launched that golden orb his course to run,

What wrecks

his firm foundations,

when

'tis

done,

No man

of science ever weighed with scales,

Nor made assay with touchstone,

no, not one

280. I

pray thee to

Cast

ofi'

This Sell

my

counsel lend thine ear.

this false hypocrisy's veneer life

moment

a

is,

the next

not eternity for earthly gear

time,

all !

281.

Ofttimes I plead

My

my

foolishness to Thee,

heart contracted with perplexity

I gird

me

;

with the Magian zone, and

For shame so poor a Musulman to The vanity

279.

L.

280.

C. L. N. A. B.

noun, as before.

why ?

be.

of science. I.

Note rd separated from

Vullers, p. 173.

its

OMAR KHAYYAM.

189

jj*)Ui ^j^LiL^ :^j,^,jU

jb^

c^-:> j(^>T ^^j^

ci-^ j^

(j^

&^^l£:>i

Tap

hence izdfat omitted. _ya)

followed by yd.

«

Saboyey, hamza (for conjunctive

tankir.

See Lumsden,

ii.

269.

THE QUATRAINS OF

192

285. Life's fount I,

is

wine, Khizer

like Elias, find it 'Tis

where

I

its

guardian,

can

sustenance for heart and spirit too,

Allah himself calls wine " a boon to man."

286.

Though wine

is

banned, yet drink, for ever

drink

By day and

night, with strains of music drink

!

Where'er thou lightest on a cup of wine, Spill just

one drop, and take the

rest,

and

drink

287.

Although the creeds number some seventythree, I hold with

What Thou'rt

285.

none but that of loving Thee

matter all

we

C. L.

faith, unfaith, obedience, sin?

need, the rest

N. A.

discovered the water of 286.

C. L.

N. A.

I.

J.

is

Koran,

vanity.

ii.

216.

Elias

life.

I.

J.

To

spill

a drop

is

a sign

OMAR KHAYYAM.

C*'ly^ Lr=tJL)

^^J

J^

193

CiT*

f^^^

TAv

M

of liberality. 287.

N.

Nicolas.

See note on Quatrain 191.

are indifferent.

See Gulshan

i

Forms

liaz, p. 83.

O

of

tailli

THE QUATEAINS OF

194

288. Tell

As

one by one

for

my

scanty virtues o'er;

sins, forgive

my faults

Let not

By

my

them by

kindle

Thy wrath

Muhammad's tomb,

blest

the score to flame

forgive

once

more 289.

Grieve not at coming

And what

you

can't defeat

far-sighted person goes to

Cheer up

Your fate

ill,

meet

bear not about a world of

!

is fixed,

it,

it ?

grief,

and grieving will not cheat

it.

290.

There

is

a chalice

With tokens

made with wit profound,

of the Maker's favour crowned

Yet the world's Potter takes

And

dashes

288.

it

to pieces

on the ground

Rastd-ullah

L. N. B.

Arabic, no izd/at

is

needed.

his masterpiece,

:

the construction being

Lumsden,

ascribed to Zahir ud-din Faryabi.

!

ii.,

p. 251.

Also

OMAR KHAYYAM.

196

TA A

(^^

23

&:>

Line 2

289.

L.

290.

C. L. A.

that Thou

iuf J ^Jy^ ^Jj^

is

I. J.

i:;^^

cd>

a question.

So Job

:

" Is

it

g-ood unto

Thee

shouldest despise the labour of Thine hands 7"

THE QUATRAINS OP

196

291.

In truth wine

A

a spirit thin as

is

air,

limpid soul in the cup's earthen ware

No

dull dense person shall he friend of

mine

Save wine-cups, which are dense and also

rare.

292.

wheel of heaven

No

ties of salt,

no

ties

of bread you

flay

me

like

!

you

A woman's wheel

an

feel,

eel

spins clothes for

man and

wife, It does

more good than you,

heavenly wheel

293.

Did no 1

fair rose

would make

And

if I

my

paradise adorn,

shift to

lacked

my

deck

it

with a thorn

prayer-mats, beads, and

Shaikh,

Those Christian

bells

and

L6.i/ik

.... man:

stoles I

would not

scorn.

^91.

L. N. B.

because of the interveninjj^ words. 292.

C. L. N. A.

I. J.

/zo/Jz^

Lumsden,

omitted

ii.,

250.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

Cdjo\^\3 J^-*^--^

293.

C. L. N. A.

the translation.

I.

(under Te).

So Pope

" For forms and creeds

197

^jj^ jj

Line 2

is

omitted in

:

let graceless zealots fight."

THE QUATRAINS OF

198

294.

"If heaven deny "

Let

me

peace and fame," I said,

be open war and shame instead

it

;

The man who scorns bright wine had best beware, I'll

arm me with

a stone, and break his head!"

295.

See

!

the

Arise

!

dawn breaks, and rends night's canopy

and drain a morning draught with

Away

with gloom

full

!

many

a

dawn

me will

break

Looking

for us,

and we not here

to see

!

296.

who tremble not

you,

Nor wash

at fires of hell,

in water of remorse's well.

When winds

of death shall quench your vital

torch,

Beware

lest earth

294.

C. L. N. A.

295.

C. L.

N. A.

your guilty dust expel.

I. J. I. J.

Bisydr,

*

frequently.'

OMAR KHAYYAM.

ci)jo\

ci^

e)i53

^U

199

^/

e)j^\ ciiOj ^\y>J\ J«3 ^* (.U

eJj^\

CiiXlju**

j^ ^^y^ ^^^ Lr^=^^

eJbj^

296.

answer

L. to

^^J J^j^O^

J:^ ^3lc 299.

N.

"Daughter

^^j^

^

&^=5 &^ p\y: of the grape,"

translation of an Arabic phrase.

i.e.

wine,

a

THE QUATRAINS OF

202

300.

My

love shone forth, and I was overcome,

My

heart was speaking, but

my

tongue was

dumb Beside the water-brooks T died of

Was

known

ever

so strange a

thirst.

martyrdom ?

301.

Give

me my

cup in hand, and sing a glee

In concert with the bulbuls' symphony

Wine would If drinking

not gurgle as

mute were

it

leaves the flask,

right for thee and

me

302.

shown to lofty thought,

The "Truth"

will not be

Nor yet with

lavished gold

But,

if

you

From words

may

it

be bought;

yield your life for fifty years,

to "states"

you may perchance be

brought.

300.

N.

Lumsden, 301.

ii.

Dil ruhdye, 142.

C. L.

Fur

N. A.

'

that well-known charmer.''

sukhan.

I. J.

See note on No. 227,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

J^

203

^^3 ul^3 J ^y^ J^

ioJ>

r»

I

JJj ^^^-^ J s-^ ^^^ ^^^ ^

r»r

302. soul,

L.

Line

and eat blood

union with the

'

3, literally,

" Unless you

for fifty years.''

'

dig-

States

'

up your

of ecstatic

Truth/ or Deity of the Mystics.

THE QUATRAINS OF

204

303.

solved all problems,

I

down from

Saturn's

wreath

Unto

this lowly sphere of earth beneath,

And

leapt out free from bonds of fraud

and

lies,

Yea, every knot was loosed, save that of death

304.

Peace

!

the eternal

"Has been" and "To be"

Pass man's experience, and man's theory

In joyful seasons naught can vie with wine,

To

all

these riddles wine supplies the key

305.

Allah, our Lord,

is

merciful,

though just;

Sinner! despair not, but His mercy trust!

For though to-day you perish in your

sins.

To-morrow He'll absolve your crumbling 303.

C. L. A.

I. J.

Hamay

har,

and similar words,

are generally written without the izdfat.

249.

See Bl., Prosody

xii.

dust.

Lumsden,

ii.,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

Jj^ Ca^^p L

304.

C. L. A. B.

305.

C. L. N. A. I. J.

s-*U-^

205

S^t^

/•ISoo^

I. J.

A

very Voltairean quatrain.

THE QUATRAINS OF

206

306.

Your course annoys me, Unloose If

me

ye wheeling skies

!

from your chain of tyrannies

none but

fools

Then favour me,

your favours

may

enjoy,

—I am not very wise 307.

City Mufti, you go more astray

Than I I

do,

though to wine I do give way

drink the blood of grapes, you that of

Which

of us

is

men

the more bloodthirsty, pray

?

308. 'Tis well to drink,

Por what

is

past,

Our prisoned

A while

and leave anxiety

and what

spirits, lent

yet to be

us for a day,

from reason's bondage

306.

C.L.N.

A.

I. J.

307.

C. L. N. A.

I. J.

justice

is

by Muftis.

shall

go free

Alluding to the selling of

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^^

308.

p^

il^ Jji

C. L.

N. A.

rowed soul/'

iji^

^^^

a:ib ^Ij^

I. J.

207

^^

&fe

^:iV}

sj

^J

'Anydti rawdn, "this bor-

THE QUATRAINS OF

208

309.

When Khayyam

quittance at

Death's hand

receives,

And

sheds his outworn

Eull gladly will he

Ere dustmen

sift

life,

as trees their leaves,

world away,

sift this

his ashes in their sieves.

310.

This wheel of heaven, which makes us all afraid, I liken to

a lamp's revolving shade.

The sun the

And men

candlestick, the earth the shade,

the tremhling forms thereon por-

trayed.

311.

Who was it that did mix my clay Not I. Who spun my weh of silk and wool ? Not I. Who wrote upon my forehead all my good. And all my evil deeds ? In truth not I. ?

309.

C. L. N. A.

810.

C. L.

I.

N. A. B.

Chinese lantern.

J. I.

Fdnus

i

hhiyal, a

magic or

OMAR KHAYYAM.

n

311.

word

C. L. N. A.

I.

In

209

I

line 2 the

to be rishtai, not rushtai.

rhyme shows the

THE QUATRAINS OF

210

312.

O

let

us not forecast to-morrow's

But count to-day as To-morrow we

gain,

my

fears,

brave compeers

shall quit this inn,

and march

With comrades who have marched seven thousand years.

313.

moment

Ne'er for one

Wine keeps

Had

leave your cup unused

heart, faith,

Iblis

and reason

too,

!

amused;

swallowed hut a single drop,

To worship Adam he had

ne'er refused

314 Come, dance while we applaud !

Thy sweet Narcissus

A score But

'tis

312.

of cups

is

enchantiDg C. L.

creation of

N. A.

Adam was

eyes,

thee,

and adore

and grape-juice pour;

no such great

affair,

when we reach

three score!

Badauni

337) says the

I. J.

(ii.

7000 years before his time.

pare Hafiz, Ruba'i, 10.

Com-

OMAE KHAYYAM.

211

rir

rir

313.

C. L. (in part) N. A.

314.

K

Narcissus eyes,

I. J.

i.e.

See Koran,

lani^uiJ.

ii.

.31.

THE QUATRAINS OF

212

315. I close the door of

Nor sue

He

ONE

face.

from good men, or base

for favours

I have but

my own

hope in

to lend a helping hand,

knows, as well as

I,

my

sorry case.

316.

Ah by !

j

these heavens, that ever circling run.

And by my own

base lusts I

Without the wit

And wanting

am

undone,

abandon worldly hopes.

to

sense the world's allures to shun

317.

On

earth's green carpet

And

hid beneath

And

it

many

sleepers

others I descry

others, not yet come, or passed away,

People the desert of Nonentity 315.

C.

lamenting 316.

lie,

L. N. A.

his

own

I.

J.

condition.

C. L. N. A.

I.

,T.

A

!

" Edliija" quatrain,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

213

rli

^jh J

^^ j^

j^

^^

f^j^

riv

317.

C. L.

N. A.

I. J.

The

sleepers

are those sunk in the sleep of superstition

on the earth

and ignorance.

THE QUATKAINS OF

214

318.

Sure of Thy grace, for sins

why need

I fear ?

How can the pilgrim faint whilst Thou art near ? On the last day Thy grace will wash me white. And make my

" black record " to disappear.

319.

Think not

And

see

I dread

my

from out the world to

disembodied

spirit fly;

tremble not at death, for death

I

'Tis

my

ill life

hie.

that makes

me

is

true,

fear to die

320.

Let us shake

Our

off dull reason's

incubus,

tale of days or years cease to discuss,

And

take our jugs, and plenish them with

wine

Or

e'er

grim potters make their jugs of us

318. C. L. N. A.

not after waw.

319.

C. L.

certainty.

I. J.

Lumsden, N. A.

I.

Am ii.

J.

is

72.

usual after silent Ae,

See Koran,

'Death

So Sir Philip Sidney

(after

is

M.

xiii,

true/

47.

i.e.

Aurelius)^

a

OMAR KHAYYAM.

215

riA

rr

^^j^

ijjXi,

&^

*

&ib*J V>um9

&^ J^i j3

"Since Nature's works be good, and death doth serve

As Nature's work, why 320.

C. L.

N. A. B.

should

I. J.

we

fear to

die?"

JIar roza, an adjective.

THE QCJATRAINS OF

216

321.

How much more

raw

wilt thou chide,

am

For that I drink, and

a libertine

divine,

?

Thou hast thy weary beads, and saintly show, Leave me

my cheerful

sweetheart, and

my wine

322.

Against I

my

think on I trust

But even

lusts I ever war, in vain,

my

ill

Thou so,

deeds with shame and pain

wilt assoil

me

my shame must

of

my

still

sins,

remain.

323.

In these twin compasses,

One body with two

O

heads, like you

Which wander round one But

at the last in

N. A.

Love, you see

and me.

centre, circlewise,

one same point agree.

321.

C. L.

322.

C. L. N.

A

B.

323.

C. L. N. A.

I.

I. J. I.

Mr. Fitzgerald quotes a similar

OMAR KHAYYAM.

217

rn Jc*- 0\j^ ^j^Sl (_a^=>

*

jjl

\3

liver/'

C. L. N. A.

as well as

231

concealed.'

I.

J.

Khafiyijcit

means ' manifest/

Lucknow commentator.

THE QUATRAINS OF

232

345.

The world's annoys So

I rate not at

one grain,

once a day, I don't complain;

I eat

And, since earth's kitchen yields no

no

I pester

man

solid food,

with petitions vain.

346.

Never from worldly

Never I

for

have I been

toils

free,

one short moment glad to be

!

served a long apprenticeship to fate,

But yet of fortune gained no mastery. 347.

One hand with Koran, one with wine-cup I

haK incline

to

dight,

wrong, and half to right

The azure-marbled sky looks down on me

A

sorry Moslem, yet not heathen quite.

04)5.

C. L. N. A.

In

I. J.

not treated as an Alif i wasl. 346.

C. L.

moment.'

N. A.

I.

J.

line 3 the

Alif in az

is

Bl., Pros. 10.

Ek dam

zadaiij

'

For one

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^

^

347.

3U»

iVjl

:>^i.

C, L. N. A. I. J.

JU- Juo J

5^j

j_5;5o

jl c;>j ^uX5o

Khayyam

himself as akrates rather than akolastos.

proboque" &c.

233

here describes

" Video meliora

THE QUATEAINS OP

234

348.

Khayyam's respects

And

to

Mustafa convey,

with due reverence ask him to say,

Why it has pleased him to forbid pure When he allows his people acid whey ?

wine,

349.

Khayyam,

Tell

He strangely

for a

master of the schools.

misinterprets

Where have

I said that

'Tis lawful for the wise,

my

plain rules

wine is wrong for

hut not for

all ?

fools.

350.

My

critics call

me

But Allah knows I

full well

know not even what

Why on

this earth I

348 and 349. in Whalley's

mad.

a philosopher,

L.

I am,

much

less

a sojourner

These two quatrains are also found

Moradabad

So Avicenna.

am

they greatly err;

edition.

Mustafa,

i.e.

Muham-

See Renan, Averroes, 171.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

/•l^

L-->U

^^j

(^ ^w

235

ClA*Jti)o.

&^»

f-J^ J^

^j^^y^ ^^'^

_5

K«0

^ c^ ^

350,

C.

L.

philosophy as

A.

I.

J.

cultivated

opposition to theology.

&^i

Filsafat

aS'

job ^1

meant the Greek

by Persian

ratioyalists,

Renan, Averroes,

p, 9i.

in

THE QUATRAINS OF

236

351.

The more

I die to self, I live the more,

The more abase myself, the higher And, strange

!

soar

the more I drink of Being's

wine

More sane

and sober than before

I grow,

!

352.

am

Quoth

rose, " I

Eor in

my mouth

I said, "

the Yusuf flower, I swear,

rich golden

gems

I bear

:"

Show me another proof." Quoth

she,

" Behold this blood-stained vesture that I wear

!

353. I studied with the masters long ago,

And

long ago did master

Hear now the end and

Prom

all

they know;

issue of it

all,

earth I came, and like the wind I go

!

Clearly mystical.

351.

L.

352.

L. B.

Yusuf

is

the type of manly beauty.

The yello\\{ stamens are compared in " Yusuf w a Zulaikha."

to his teeth.

So Jami,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^j^^ J^

(JjS-

237

CJ^

&^

liiif

oJw» iU^b ^^^5o a>s:^

Jo^^ &^

353.

L.

B.

exclamation of

1,1c

aS'^^ ^k-* ^bb

Mr. Fitzgerald compares the dying-

Nizam ul-Mulk, "

hands of the wind !"

I

am

Mantik ut Tair,

1.

going 4620.

in the

THE QUATRAINS OF

238

354.

Death

though we were pure at

finds us soiled, birth,

With

we

grief

go,

although

we came with

mirth

Watered with

tears,

and burned with

fires

of

woe.

And, casting

to winds,

life

we

rest in earth

355.

To

find great

Jamshed's world-reflecting bowl

I compassed sea and land,

But,

when

I

That bowl was

and viewed the whole;

asked the wary sage, I learned

my own

body, and

my

soul

356.

Me,

cruel

And from

Queen

to captivate,

a knight to a poor

You marshal

You

you love

!

take

my

all

pawn

your force to

translate

tire

rooks with yours,

me

;

out,

and then

checkmate 354.

C. L. A.

355.

L

whole world,

Meaning,

I. J.

King- Jarashed^s cup, which reflected the is

"man

the is

Holy Grail of Persian poetry. the

microcosm.'^

See

note

on

OMAR KHAYYAM.

239

^>jja eJb'^3 ^^oJi ^Js^y\

CJb

[--co

No. 340. 356. rnkh,

'

In line 2 scan naglinudem. C. L. A.

castle/

is

I. J.

The pun on rukh,

untranslatable.

'

cheek/ and

THE QUATRAINS OF

240

357. If Allah wills

How

me

can I frame

Each

not to will

my

will to will aright

single act I will

He

Since none but

ai'ight, ?

must needs be wrong,

has power to will aright.

358. **

Por once, while

*'

I'll

roses are in bloom," I said,

break the law, and please myself instead,

"With blooming youths, and maidens' tulip

cheeks

The plain

blossom like a tulip-bed."

shall

359.

Think not

Or walk

I

am

existent of myself,

this blood-stained

This being

is

not

I, it is

pathway of myself; of

Him.

Pray what, and where, and whence

is

this

'myself?'

357.

C. L.

358.

L, N.

on No. 199.

A.

I. J.

Rozi,

ya

i

hatni, or tankir.

(?)

See note

OMAR KHAYYAM.

241

rev

roA

p^^

359.

C. L. A.

Meaning, Man^s the

" Truth,"

I. J.

real

In

Lf^oli^i

line 3 I

existence

is

C,wAf ^ldoi>

omit

wa

after

In bud.

not of himself, but of

the universal Noimenon.

THE QUATRAINS OP

242

360.

Endure Drag on

this

They

my

wine

load without

my

cups

life's

am the

I

world without

say,

slave of that sweet

" Take one

more

I cannot I

cannot

moment, when goblet,"

and

I

cannot 361.

You, who both day and night the world pursue,

And thoughts

of that dread day of doom eschew,

Bethink you of your

As time has treated

latter

end

;

be sure

others, so 'twill

you

362.

man, who

art creation's

Getting and spending too

summary.

much

trouble thee

Arise, and quaif the Etern Cupbearer's wine,

And

is

so

from troubles of both worlds be

360.

C. L.

A.

301.

C. L.

N. A.

36^.

C. L. N. A.

too

much with

free

I. J. I.

I. J.

us," &c.

So Wordsworth, " The world

The

Sufis rejected talah

ud

OI\rAR

KHAYYAM.

243

o

rir

c)\:l-.^

dutiJ/a,

Jb JUjjl

" worldliness/' and lalah

id

^ ^^''

UkJunuif^ '^otber-

worldliuess/'for ialab ulJIaula "d isinter ested Godliness ."

So

Madame Guyon taught " Holy

Indifference."

THE QUATRAINS OP

244

363.

In

this eternally revolving zone,

Two

lucky species of

men

are

One knows all good and One

neither earth's

ill

aflPairs,

known that are on earth,

nor yet his own.

364.

Make

light to

me

the world's oppressive weight,

And hide my failings from the people's hate, And grant me peace to-day, and on the morrow Deal with

me

as

Thy mercy may

dictate

365.

Souls that are well informed of this world's state, Its

weal and woe with equal mind await,

For, be

it

weal we meet, or be

The weal doth 363. classes

364.

pass,

C. L. N. A.

N. A.

woe,

and woe too hath

I. J.

seem to be practical C. L.

it

I. J.

its date.

Tamdm, 'entirely.' The two men and mystics. In

line

4 scan dnchaz.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

245

r^f

ij^

J^ ^^j ^^ J!^^

^^ ul4^

jl;^

3

Jo JUslj J.

r 16

uLio 0^ jy ^j

365.

C. L.

N. A. B.

hundred years hence.

I.

J.

J

j*^

J 3

&jj

>»!iLji

AJj^^jo

rvi

rvv

377.

L. N.

The

bulls are the constellation Taurus^

and that which supports the ful ;" izdfat displaced

by yd

i

earth. tankir,

Mushte, " a hand-

Lumsden,

ii.

269.

THE QUATRAINS OF

264

378.

The people

say,

''Why not drink somewhat

less ?

What reasons have you for such great excess ? " Eu'st,

my

Love's face, second,

my

morning

draught

Can

there be clearer reasons,

now

confess

?

379.

Had

I the power great Allah to advise,

I'd hid

him sweep away

this earth

and

skies,

And build a better, where, unclogged and free, The

clear soul

might achieve her high emprise.

380.

This

silly

sorrow-laden heart of mine

Is ever pining for that

When

Love of mine

the Cupbearer poured the wine of

love,

With

my

heart's blood he filled this

cup of

mine!

378.

C. L. N. A. I. J.

379.

C. L. N. A.

I. J.

This recalls the celebrated

speech of Alphonso X., king of Castile.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

255

rvA Ui?^

J> >^ ^^ c/

^ir^

^^-/

^i>L* U^3c>^i etiJiy

Ta

^ ^^U^ 380.

C. L.

N. A.

existence, poured

See

GuUhan

i

I.

•

oiJij

p. 80.

^

Meanino-,

by the Deity into

Bdz,

-.1

'

all

tj^>

j^

the wine of

life,

or

beings at creation.'

THE QUATRAINS OF

256

381.

To

drain the cup, to hover round the

Can

fair,

hypocritic arts with these compare ?

who

If all

love and drink are going wrong,

many

There's

wight of heaven

a

may

well

despair

382. 'Tis

wrong with gloomy thoughts your mirth to drown,

To let

griefs millstone weigh your spirits

Since none can

With wine and

tell

what

is

to be,

love your heart's

'tis

down best

desires to

crown.

383. 'Tis well in reputation to abide, 'Tis

shameful against heaven to

and chide

head had better ache with over drink,

Still,

Than be 381.

rail

puffed

L.

up with Pharisaic

N. B.

pride

Note the plural nekudn formed

without the euphonic yd.

Scan n^Mwdfi.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

257

TAT

^:>^

cJ^

GiXxw^

^^y> Oy^\^ &^

^^ lA^

&S'

Job

aS'

*-H^

Jb3

ji

TAr

tJ^^ jJt;** vjH^ ^^j^ &^=oK 382.

C. L. N. A. B.

383.

C. L.

N. A.

&3

I. J.

I. J.

Compare

Tartuffe,

i.

S

6.

THE QUATRAINS OF

258^

384.

O

Lord! pity this prisoned heart, I pray,

Pity this bosom stricken with dismay

Pardon these hands that ever grasp the cup, 1

These

feet that to the tavern ever stray

385.

Lord

from

!

Sever from This self

Make me

self-conceit deliver

self, is

me,

and occupy with Thee

captive to earth's good and

beside myself, and set

me

ill,

free

386.

Behold the tricks

And

O

this

wheeling dome doth play,

earth laid bare of old friends torn live this present

moment, which

away

is

thine,

Seek not a morrow, mourn not yesterday

384.

N.

385.

C. L. N. A.

I.

J.

A mystic^s prayer.

'

OMAR KHAYYAl:

THE QUATRAINS OP

260

387.

Since

all

man's business in

Is sorrow's

Happy

And

pangs to

feel,

this

and

are they that never

world of woe

grief to

come

at

know, all,

they that, having come, the soonest go

388.

By

reason's dictates

it is

right to live,

But of ourselves we know not how

to live,

So Portune, like a master, rod in hand,

Eaps our pates well

to teach us

how

to live

389.

Nor you nor

I

can read the etern decree,

To that enigma we can They But,

if

387.

talk of

find

you and me hehind the

that veil be lifted, where are

C. L. A. B.

I. J.

L.

veil,

we f

Compare the chorus

Oedipus Coloneus. 388,

no key

Fortune's buffets.

in the

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^yf Jib

veil

non.

jjj

Op-^

We

(jl

jo^

C. L. A. I. J. Meaning, are part of the of phenomena, which hides the Divine Noume" If that be swept away what becomes of us ?

'389.

"

&^

261

THE QUATKAINS OF

262

390.

Love, for ever doth heaven's wheel design

To take away thy precious Sit

we upon

life,

this turf, 'twill

and mine

not be long

my dust,

Ere turf shall grow upon

and thine!

391.

When life

has

fled,

and we

rest in the

They'll place a pair of bricks to

And, a while

To furnish

after,

forth

tomb,

mark our tomb

mould our dust

to bricks,

some other person's tomb 392.

Yon

palace, towering to the welkin blue,

Where kings

did

bow them down, and homage

do,

I

saw a ringdove on

And

thus she

made

its

arches perched,

complaint, "Coo Coo, Coo,

Coo!" 390.

L. N. B.

391.

L. N. A.

392.

C. L.

I.

N. A.

I.

J.

Mr. Binning found

this

OMAR KHAYYAM.

yj^^
j^

-^iL/o

Ojj^

^;;JLS

N. A.

394.

C. L.

395.

C. L. N. A.

\1

I. J. I.

J.

To

vJI->l>:>

^Jo

Jr^ j-^

U->1

l5i

&^=D oi

a sweetheart.

God's long-suffering.

THE QUATRAINS OP

266

396. *'

Take up thy cup and

goblet, Love," I said,

"Haunt purling river bank, and Eull many a moon-like form

grassy glade;

has heaven's

wbeel Oft into cup, oft into goblet,

made!"

397.

We buy new wine And

sell for

and

old,

two grains

our cups to

fill,

good and

this world's

ill;

Know you where you

will go to after death ?

Set wine before me, and go where you will

398.

Was

e'er

man

born who never went astray ?

Did ever mortal pass a If I do

ill,

Evil for evil

396.

C. L.

397.

L.

differently.

N

sinless

day

do not requite with

how

can'st

N. A. B.

?

ill

!

Thou repay

?

I. J.

C. A.

I.

and

J. give lines

1

and 2

OMAR KHAYYAM.

U^

267

^^

t/^

^ o-^ ^ ^ d^

j\3

JU^

"^

i^

r=iv

^

398.

what

L.N. Lines

freely.

^^

3 and 4 are paraphrased some

THE QUATRAINS OP

268

399.

Bring forth that ruby gem of Badakhshan,

That heart's

They say But ah

!

delight, that 'tis

wrong

for

balm of Turkistdn

Musulmdns to

drink,

where can we find a Musulman

?

400.

My body's life and strength proceed from Thee My soul within and spirit are of Thee

My being is And I am

and Thou art mine,

of Thee,

Thine, since I

am

lost in

Thee

!

401.

Man, As

like a ball, hither

fate's resistless

and thither

goes,

bat directs the blows;

But He, who gives thee up to this rude

He knows what

drives thee, yea,

sport,

He knows, He

knows 399.

C. L.

400.

L.

N. A.

I. J.

" In him we

Some MSS. live

read lahdlaH.

and move, and have our

being."

401.

C. L. A.

I.

J.

Line 4

is

in metre 22, con-

OMAE

KHAYYA:\r.

^

269

^

^

p

j^

Jobj^

sistiug of ten syllables, all long-.

ddnad p. 10.

Js!>bj\ The

Jobji

ali/s after

are treated as ordinary consonants.

Bl.,

each

Prosody,

THE QUATRAINS OP

270

402.

O Thou who And

givest sight to

strength to

To Thee we

And

puny limhs

will ascribe

emmet's eyes, of feehle

flies,

Almighty power,

not base unbecoming qualities.

403.

Let not base avarice enslave thy mind,

Nor vain ambition

Be sharp

as

fire,

in its trammels bind as running water swift.

Not, like earth's dust, the sport of every wind

!

404. 'Tis best all

other blessings to forego

Por wine, that charming Turki maids bestow Kalandars' raptures pass

all

things that are,

From moon on high down unto 402.

L,

An

;

fish

below

!

echo of the Asliarians' discussions on

the Divine attributes.

403.

L. C. A.

404.

C. L. N. A. B.

I. J. I.

J.

For

viai L. reads hahl(,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

probably a Sufi gloss. Prosody, p. 11.

In

line

4 scan mastiyy-6.

Kalandars, bibulous Sufis.

whereon the earth was said to

271

rest.

Bl.,

Fish, that

THE QUATRAINS OF

272

405.

Priend Let

!

trouble not yourself about your

futile care

Since this

and sorrow be forgot

life's

What matters

lot,

vesture crumbles into dust.

word

stain of

or deed, or blot

?

406.

thou who hast done

And thinkest Hope not

to find

for

and

mercy

mercy

Cannot be done, nor

ill,

!

evil

for

ill

alone,

at the throne,

good

left

undone

done undone

407.

Count not

To walk

And

to live

beyond your

sixtieth year,

in jovial courses persevere

;

ere your skull be turned into a cup.

Let wine-cups ever to your hand adhere

405.

L. N.

406.

N. A.

I.

This quatrain

is

by

Abu

!

Sa'id

Abu '1

OMAR KHAYYAM.

1

:>^-3

j^jb

Kliuir; ui)d

U

Avict'iinu.

is

*

&^

23^\j c;^^

an auswcr

&a5o ^5C« ^i^ ji

iyf 6::i^ ^:>'

to

273

iS'u.

^^,.^^13

42U, which 407.

it>

atti-ibuted

L. N. B.

T

THE QUATRAINS OF

274

408.

These heavens resemble an inverted cup,

Whereto the wise with awe keep gazing up So stoops the bottle

Eeigning to

kiss,

o'er his love, the cup,

and gives her blood to sup

409. I

sweep the tavern threshold with

Por both worlds' good and Should the two worlds

ill

my hair,

I take no care;

roll to

my

house, like

balls,

When

drunk, for one small coin I'd pair

sell

the

1

410.

The drop wept

Eut the "

sea smiled, for " I

The Truth

'i'hat

is all,

am

N. A. B.

C. L.

41)9.

L. N. B.

scanned

as

from the

sea,

all," said he,

nothing exists beside,

one point circling apes

408.

j^ii,

for his severance

I.

In lines trochee,

plurality.*'

Blood, au ^3

emblem

and 4 note Gui,

monosyllable,

and

of hate. huj/,

and

iambus

OMAR KHAYYAM.

cjyj ^^j^J ^^^

h^IjL3^

(j^

&jl_i.

^1

j6L«

C^l >>..)

j^j

s-*^

A^lisr.'*

j-^

.

.

iUi^ A>^^^=^ &liiu5o

respectively.

ilO.

Gvlshan

N. i

275

f'

J\^

^\^

" Tongues, sta-

THE QUATRAINS OP

280

417.

Cupbearer

my wine-cup, let me grasp it

bring

!

Bring that delicious darling,

let

me

grasp

it!

That pleasing chain which tangles in its

Wise men and

fools together, let

me

grasp

coils it

I

418.

Alas

my

!

wasted

What with

And And

life

has gone to wrack

!

forbidden meats, and lusts, alack

!

leaving undone what 'twas right to do,

doing wrong,

my

face is very black

419. I

could repent of

all,

I could dispense with If so be I

Could

became

I abjure

117.

L. N.

418.

C. L.

a

but of wine, never all,

!

but with wine, never

!

Musulman,

my Magian

wine? no, never

!

Bijjechand seems a plural of dignity.

N, A.

I.

JIardm, the predicate of lakniu.

These whimsical outbursts of self-reproach in the midst

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^.^ Oc^."^.^^^j

_^^

281

i^i

^

of antinomian utterances are characteristic of

4iy.

L.

N.

The Maofiaus

sold wiue.

U^

Khayyam.

THE QUATEAINS

282

420.

We

our hopes on

rest

Nor seek by merits

free grace alone,

our sins to atone

for

Mercy drops where 111

Thy

it lists,

;

and estimates

done as undone, good undone

as done.

421.

This

the form

is

Thou gavest me

of old,

Wherein Thou workest marvels manifold

Can

I aspire to be a better

Or other than

I issued

man,

from Thy mould

?

422.

Lord

!

to

Thee

all

creatures worship pay,

To Thee both small and great

Thou

takest

Give then, 420.

woe away, and

or, if it

L. N. A.

for ever pray.

I.

please Thee, take

This quatrain

the celebrated philosopher Avicenna.

421.

C. L. N. A.

givest weal,

I.

This

is

is

away

!

also ascribed to

See No. 40G.

a variation of No. 221.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

283

FT

^^^^j

^0.^

422.

J L.

uU^

U

J^>|^

u^i?=^

^^ ^^ c:^

A

•'..A

6^^ y ^j

J

^

^ca,nbandagi{a,om\ii{x\gfatha\ieioYete.

Vullers, p. 197.

THE QUATRAINS OF

384

423.

With going

Thou

art

Thy

to

and

^

fro in this sad vale

grown double, and thy

credit stale,

nails are thickened like a horse's hoof,

Thy beard

is

ragged as an

ass's tail.

424 unenlightened race of humankind,

Ye

empty wind

are a nothing, built on

!

Yea, a mere nothing, hovering in the abyss,

A

void before you, and a void behind

425.

Each morn

I say, "

To-night

I will

repent

Of wine, and tavern haunts no more frequent ;" But while To

loose

me

and roses are in bloom,

spring,

'tis

from

my

423.

C. L. A.

I. J.

424.

C. L. A.

I.

J.

promise,

A

O

consent

description of old age.

The

between two non-existences

technical is

name

Talcwin.

for existence

Bl.

Ain

i

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^•V-i-J

^&!>

Akbart,

p.

applied to

43».

198.

^5 fo'^^T^ M^sVo

>sji>

(J Wo

Compare

j3

y

the

term

Time by the Sehoohiieu. C. L. A.

I.

285

J.

:ij^

\

d-s-CU

lJ^L^

" fiunc

starts,'

THE QUATRAINS OF

286

426.

\

Vain study of philosophy eschew Rather

tangled curls attract your view

let

And shed Or

!

the bottle's life-blood in your cup,

death shed your blood, and feast on

e'er

you. 427.

O

heart

Where

!

can'st thou the

wisest

darksome riddle read,

men have

failed,

wilt

thou

succeed ?

Quaff wine, and make thy heaven here below,

Who knows if heaven

above will be thy meed?

428.

They that have passed away, and gone

before,

Sleep in delusion's dust for evermore

Go, boy, and fetch some wine, this is the truth. Their dogmas were but 426.

C. L. N. A. B.

you should eschew. 427.

C. L.

air,

I. J.

^^

N. A. B.

1. J.

and wind their lore Bigorezi

di,

" better that

OMAR KHAYYAM.

287

^'

^J^-J'

^'^

C^

JJLi

c5\ 0^^\

&'JJis^

jj^

LT'j"^ j^

^

i'lS.

my

C. L.

heart to

N. A.

B.

I. J.

j^

So Ecclesiasles, "

know wisdom .... and

also is vanity.^'

Cill=^

I

gave

perceived that this

THE QUATPwAINS OF

288

429.

heart

when on

!

the Loved One's sweets you

feed,

You lose

yourself, yet find

your Self indeed

;

And, when you drink of His entrancing cup,

You

hasten your escape from quick and dead

!

430.

Though

Why

I

am wont

a wine-hibber to be,

should the people

Would that

rail

and chide at

all evil actions

me ?

made men drunk,

For then no sober people should

I see

431.

Child of four elements and sevenfold heaven.

Who fume and Drink!

I

sweat because of these eleven,

have told you seventy times and

seven,

Once gone, nor

hell will

send you back, nor

heaven.

429.

C. L.

your true p. a75.

N. A.

self.

See

I. J.

Max

Die to Miiller,

self,

to live in

God,

Hibbert Lecturer,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

O

^L

>..

t .x )

wO

l/^ J

289

r^

{^\

MJ^ y>'

J^ ^^^

J:> Lfl

&^=6i

430.

C. N. A.

431.

C. L. N. A. I. J.

I. J.

c5^

THE QUATRAINS OF

290

\ 432.

my

With many a snare Thou

dost beset

And

therein, to slay

threatenest,

Thy rule Imputest

if I fall

resistless

sin,

when

way,

sways the world, yet Thou I do but obey

433.

To Thee, whose essence Our

sins

baffles

and righteous deeds

May Thy

human thought,

alike

seem naught

grace sober me, though drunk with

sins.

And pardon

all

the

ill

that I have wrought

434. If this

life

were indeed an empty play.

Each day would be an

'Id or festal day,

And men might conquer

all their

hearts

desire,

Tearless of after penalties to pay

i

hakiki, the only

real agent, according' to the Sufi view.

HuJoni tu kmii,

432.

B. N.

Allah

is

" Thou givest thy order," 433.

L. N.

the Fd'il

Should we read hukme?

OMAR KHAYYAM.

Lf^y

434).

N.

but I think I

Bdz,

p. 50.

J^^ ltI^

N. takes faJcUd it

in

?ir^

the sense of

alludes to Koran, xxix. 64.

291

U^J^

"

authonty/-*

See Gulshan

THE QUATEAINS OF

292

\ 435.

O

my

you thwart

wheel of heaven,

heart's

desire,

And

The water that

And

my scanty joy's

rend to shreds

I drink

turn the very

air I

you

attire,

foul with earth,

breathe to

fire

436. soul

could you but doff this flesh and bone,

!

You'd soar a

sprite about the heavenly throne

Had you no shame

And dwell an

alien

to leave

on

your starry home..

this earthy zone ?

437.

Ah,

hand

potter, stay thine

Put not See,

to

!

with ruthless art

such base use man's mortal part!

thou art mangling on thy cruel wheel

Faridun's fingers, and Kai Khosrau's heart!

435.

C. L.

N. A.

436.

C. L.

]Sr.

437.

C. L.

N. A.

I.

B. A. I.

I.

Faridun and Kai Khosrau were

OMAR KHAYYAM.

293

pro

^CiJlj^

&-ljk^ J:>

L5y^ ClJ^

^^iii-

'j^ Lf\

>»^ J

^^

Frv

ancient kings of Persia. fied

with Cyrus.

Kai Khosrau

is

usually identi-

^

THE QUATRAINS OF

294

438.

O

rose

all

!

As wine

beauties' cliarms thou dost excel,

excels the pearl within

fortune

More

!

its shell

thou dost ever show thyself

strange, although I

seem

to

know thee

well!

439.

From

this world's kitchen crave not to obtain

Those

dainties,

seeming

Which greedy

real,

but really vain,

worldlings gorge to their

own

loss

Eenounce that

loss,

so loss shall prove thy gain I

440. Plot not of nights, thy fellows' peace to blight.

So that they cry to God the live-long night

Nor plume thee on thy wealth and might, which thieves

May

steal

438.

N.

by night, or death, or fortune's might. Mimdni, You resemble.

439.

L. N. B.

440.

N.

Td bar nikashand " Let

us abstain from

OMAR KHAYYAM.

ij^-^

Lf^

:y^

^V J*^ ^ J* ^j

&^

^

oppressing people, so that they saying,

Lord."

295

cjbj

may

^jj^

not heave a sigh,

THE QUATRAINS OF

296

441.

This soul of mine was once

Thy

cherished bride,

What caused Thee to divorce her from Thy side? Thou

Why

didst not nse to treat her thus of yore,

then

now doom

her in the world to abide?

442.

Ah would there were a place of rest from pain, Which we, poor pilgrims, might at last attain, And after many thousand wintry years, !

Renew our

life,

like flowers,

and bloom again

443.

While in

love's

book

I

sought an augury

An ardent youth cried out in "Who owns a sweetheart

;

ecstacy,

beauteous as the

moon,

Might wish

his

441.

L. N.

442.

C. N. A.

moments long

I.

J.

read rawe and some rake.

In

as years to be!"

line 2, for basar

some MSS.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^^:*~^'

JJD j(

d\i Ji jl

JU _jy,

giliancB."

mahlyyo.

--^^^

'^

'^^

3^

^"i

C53jJ (JJO/c^ ji Jo^i ^W^-^

^J^

JU U^ 443.

V

297

C. L.

^

N. A.

Line 4

is

I.

_5

vx*

J^jilo

^^

^

Compare the " sortes Fir-

freely paraphrased.

Bl., Prosody, p.

uU^jb

1 1.

In

line 4, scan

THE QUATKAINS OF

298

444.

Winter

is

past,

and spring-tide has begun,

Soon will the pages of

Well

And

saitli

life's

book be done

the sage, " Life

is

!

a poison rank,

antidote, save grape-juice, there

is

none."

445.

Beloved,

if

thou a reverend Molla be.

Quit saintly show, and feigned austerity,

And

And

quaff the wine that Murtaza purveys.

sport with Houris 'neath

some shady tree

!

446.

Last night I dashed

In a

mad drunken

And

"You

lo

!

cup against a stone.

freak, as I

must own,

the cup cries out in agony,

too, like

me, shall soon be overthrown."

N. A. I. J. Note the chang-e from the imperative

444.

C. L.

445.

N.

aorist.

my

In line 4 scan Muriazdsim,

Murtaza

to the

(Ali) is

OMAR KHAYYAM.

c/^ j^

cir^^

jy^^

,5

299

L^

J^ ^'

the celestial cupbearer.

446. to the

0. L,

N. A.

B.

I.

Sahoyly^ yoj

i

noun by euphonic or conjunctive yd.

batni, joined

THE QUATRAINS OP

300

447.

My

heart

is

weary of hypocrisy,

Cupbearer, bring some wine, I beg of thee

This hooded cowl and prayer-mat

!

pawn

for

wine,

Then

will I boast

me

in security.

448.

Audit yourself, your true account to frame, See

!

you go empty,

You

say,

*'

as

I will not

you empty came drink and peril

But, drink or no, you must die

all

life,"

the same

!

449.

Open

the door

entrance

!

who

procurest,

Thou of guides the surest

And guide the way, Directors born of

men

shall not direct

Their counsel comes to naught, endurest

447.

N.

448.

C. L.

me,

but Thou

1

N. A.

I.

In

I

line 2, scan dwardiyo.

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^j3 419.

C.

^uXJob

L. N. A.

301

J ojI ^Ij ^L^ (jl^^ I. J.

In

line

dissolving the letter of prolongation,

4, scan ?/d.

fdmj/and,

THE QUATRAINS OF

802

450.

In slandering and reviling you

me

Calling

My

infidel

and

persist.

atheist

errors I will not deny, but yet

Does foul abuse become a moralist

?

451.

To

find a remedy, put

up with

pain,

Chafe not at woe, and healing thou wilt gain

Though

poor, be ever of a thankful mind,

'Tis the sure

method

riches to obtain.

452.

Give

A

me

pittance bare, a book of verse to read

With I

a skin of wine, a crust of bread,

love, to share

thee,

my

;

lowly

roof,

would not take the Sultan's realm instead 450.

C. L.

!

In line 1, scan goyi-yaz^ N. A. I. The tashdid of muhirr is dropped.

Bl., Prosody, p. 10.

451.

L.N.

TJawdyiy.

The

first

y a is

the conjunctive

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^ r^

^^J r> ^>

^13 (^.oj J Job Ju^

ya (Vullers, 452.

p. 16),

N. B.

303

the second,

yd

Tange, the izufat

tankxr, according to Lurasden,

ii.

i

cir-

j^

tanhir.

is

269.

displaced

by ya

[Sed quare].

i

THE QUATRAINS OF

304

453.

Reason not of the

Be

nor of the four,

five,

their dark problems one, or

many

score

We are but earth, go, minstrel, bring the lute, We are but air, bring wine, I ask no more 454.

Why

argue on Ydsin and on Bardt

Write

me the draft for

The day

my

Will seem to

wine they

weariness

me

is

?

call

Barat

drowned in wine

as the great night Barat

455.

Whilst thou dost wear this fleshly

livery,

Step not beyond the bounds of destiny

Bear up, though very Bustams be thy

And

crave no boon from friends like

453. this.

454.

N.

C. L. A.

I. J.

give only the

foes,

Hatim Tai first

!

line of

Five senses, four elements. C. L.

N. A.

I.

J.

Yasin

is

the 64th, and

OMAR KHAYYAM.

(Joy

Alilis^.'*^

Bardt the 9th, chapter of

tlie

of power/'

455.

C. L. N. A.

I. J.

305

U OJ^

Koran.

H^ ^jjlj

Bard^, the " nio-ht

THE QUATRAINS OF

300

456. Tliese ruby lips,

And

lute,

and wine, and minstrel boys,

and harp, your dearly cherished

toys,

Are mere redundancies, and you are naught. Till

you renounce the

\yorId's delusive joys.

457.

33ow down, heaven's tyranny to undergo, Quaff wine to face the world, and

Your

origin

and end are both in

But now you are above

woe

all its

earth,

earth, not below

!

458.

You know all

Why

secrets of this earthly sphere.

then remain a prey to empty fear ?

You cannot bend things Cheer up 4-56.

for the

L. N.

prunello."

to

your

will,

but yet

few moments you are here

!

Ilashw, mere "stuffing," "leather or

OMAR KHAYYAM.

,^W^

Cii^^i^^

307

^^

CDJ ^*S

l^CA

Cij^^

c/-^ ^^

U'^*-^ Ciri)^ LT*^^

N. A.

457.

C. L.

458.

C. L. N. A.

I.

lA^

J.

I. J.

Scan chun

loaliifujdij.

THE QUATRAINS OF

308

459.

Behold, where'er

we turn our

ravished eyes,

Sweet verdure springs, and crystal Kausars

And

once bare as

plains,

hell,

now

rise

smile as

heaven

Enjoy

this

heaven with maids of Paradise

!

460.

Never in

this false

world on friends

rely,

(I give this counsel confidentially,)

Put up with pain, and seek no antidote,

Endure your

grief,

and ask no sympathy

!

461.

Of wisdom's Surpassing

dictates

all

two are

principal.

your lore traditional

Better to fast than eat of every meat. Better to live alone than mate with

459.

C. L. N. A. B.

100.

N.

4G1.

N.

Iladis

i

I.

all

J.

nd goydyly.

The unwritten

OMAR KHAYYAM.

*^

^"Li^ ^ cu-J^

^^

revelations, or traditions, opposed

the " reading/'

So

to

309

^"ti?^ J^

Qur'dn (Koran),

sruti is opposed to smriti.

THE QUATRAINS OF

310

462.

Why

unripe grapes are sharp, prithee explain,

And then grow sweet, while wine is sharp again?

When

one has carved a block into a

Can he from

lute,

same block a pipe obtain ?

that

463.

When dawn

doth silver the dark firmament,

Why

the bird of dawning his lament

It

How

shrills is

to

show

?

in dawn's bright looking-glass

of thy careless

life

a night

is

spent.

464.

Cupbearer, come

!

from thy full-throated ewer

Pour blood-red wine, the world's despite to cure

Where can

I find another friend like wine,

So genuine, so solacing, so pure

462.

L. N.

463.

C. L. N. A. I. J.

?

So Job, " Hast spread the

OMAR KHAYYAM. .

^1

lS^ Jj^ J'j'

^s

y)\'«-A'c

311

r

^j>

^j-'S

^ ^^

(J^5^

^ _p

«!'^-^*->

jj

Fir

j^l-o

(j;_^

*-~^

(jh^

sky as a molten looking-g-lass/' 4:6k

C. L. N. A.

I.

J.

j

iS^.t'^^^

THE QUATRAINS OF

312

465.

Though you should Or

rival Caesar

on

sit

in sage Aristo's room,

his throne of Eiim,

Drain Jamshed's goblet, for your end

*s

the

tomb, Yea, were you Bahram's

self,

your end's the

tomb

It

chanced into a potter's shop I strayed.

He turned his wheel and deftly plied his trade. And out of monarchs' heads, and beggars' feet,

Eair heads and handles for his pitchers made

!

467. If

you have

And

sense, true senselessness attain,

the Etern Cupbearer's goblet drain

If not, true senselessness is not for you,

Not every 465.

N.

Nushirwan.

fool true senselessness

Jamliur, a

name

can gain

of Buzurjimihr,

Faghfur, the Chinese emperor.

scan Arintmou, dissolving the long %.

Wazir of In Hne

1

OMAR KHAYYAM.

466.

C. N. L, A.

467.

L. N,

of ignorance.'' *

I. J.

Pay«, ''the

313

treadle.'-'

Meaning-, the " truly mystical darkness

See Gulshan

i

Bd2,

p. 13.

THE QUATRAINS OP

314

468.

O Love And

before you pass death's portal through,

!

potters

make

Pour from

their jugs of

me and you,

some wine,

this jug

of headache

void,

And

your cup, and

fill

fill

my goblet

too

!

469.

Love

!

while yet you can, with tender

Lift sorrow's

burden from your

Your wealth of graces

But

slip

art,

lover's heart

will not

always

last,

from your possession, and depart

470. Bestir thee, ere death's cup for thee shall flow.

And

blows of ruthless fortune lay thee low

Acquire some substance here^ there

none

is

there^

For those who thither empty-handed go 468.

C. L,

N. A.

I. J.

wine of Paradise, Koran, 4G9.

C. L.

N. A.

Headache, in alhision to the

Ivi.

I. J.

!

17.

Some MSS.

read

zmhdr

for

OMAR KHAYYAM.

a^u

joUi

ciyi>

(^--=^

315

cL^^siU/c

(^r

c-w^ l^S^U lX^=0^j

\^\i \^^^ Ji

Ou^ JO iolc^

zinkdr, either will scan.

470. while

L. N.

it is

day.^'

Line 2

is in

metre 4.

Meaning-, "

Work

THE QUATRAINS OF

316

471.

Who

framed the

Thou

Who

lots of quick

and dead but

?

turns the troublous wheel of heaven but

Thou? Though we To blame us

are sinful slaves,

?

Who

is it

created us but

for

Thee

Thou?

472.

wine, most limpid, pure, and crystalline,

Would

drench this

I could

With

silly

frame of mine

passers

by might think

"Whence comest

thou, fair master

that

thee,

'twas thou,

And

cry,

wine?" 473.

A

Shaikh beheld a harlot, and quoth he,

"You seem a slave to drink and lechery;'' And she made answer, " What I seem I am, But, Master, are you

471.

L. N. A.

472.

L. N.

473.

L. N.

all

you seem

to

be ?"

I.

The

technical

name

of quatrains like

OMAR KHAYYAM.

this is siiioal

Rhetoric, p. 40.

jawab, or

;/^/^mya'a^.

317

Gladwin, Persian

THE QUATRAINS OF

318

474. If,

like a ball, earth to

When

drunk, I'd rate

my

it

liouse

were borne,

at a barley-corn

me

Last night they offered

in

pawn for

wine.

But the rude vintner laughed that pledge to scorn.

475.

Now

Thy

in thick clouds

face

Thou

dost im-

merse,

And now

display

Thou the

it

in this universe

Thou the

spectator,

Sole to Thyself

Thy

spectacle,

glories dost rehearse,

476.

Better to

make one

Than plant a

soul rejoice with glee,

desert with a colony

;

Eather one freeman bind with chains of love,

Than 474,

set a

C. L.

'kuye,juyc,

475.

thousand prisoned captives free

C.

N. A.

I.

J.

Note the yas

i

tanldr in

and girnyc. L.

N. A.

I.

J.

Compare the Vulgate,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

319

f-vf-

P vo

" ludens in orhe terranun," and Galshan 476.

L. N.

i

lldz, p. 1

1.

THE QUATRAINS OP

320

477.

thou who

A

for

thy pleasure dost impart

pang of sorrow

Go

!

to thy fellow's heart,

mourn, thy perished wit, and peace of

mind, Thyself hast slain them, like the fool thou art

478.

Wherever you can get two maunds of wine, Set

to,

and drink

Whoso From

it like

a libertine

;

acts thus will set his spirit free like yours,

saintly airs

and grief

like

mine. 479. I possess

So long as

two maunds of wine,

Bread of the flower of wheat, and mutton chine.

And

you,

O

Tulip cheeks, to share

Not every Sultan's

N. A.

lot

477.

C. L.

478.

C. L. N. A. B.

me.'"

So

in

my hut.

can vie with mine.

I. J. I. J.

Clm mane, " of one

No. 170, (the note to which

is

like

wrong.)

OMAR KHAYYAM.

321

VV

^

o

o

j-^ &-^ (^b i^>j^

Jji5^

^3U

^:i

•VA

(,JJ^:

Vullers, p. 254.

479.

Literally,

C. L. N. A. B.

I.

''

mustaches aud beard."

THE QUATRAINS OF

322

480.

They

call

And an

you wicked,

intriguer, if

if

you

to

fame you're known,

live alone;

Trust me, though you w^ere Khizer or Elias, 'Tis best to

know

none, and of none be known.

481.

Yes

!

here

am

wine and feres again

I with

I did repent, but,

Preach not to

ah

me

'twas all in vain

!

of

Noah and

But pour a flood of wine

to

;

his flood,

drown

my

pain

482.

Eor union with

The pangs

My

my

love I sigh in vain.

of absence I can scarce sustain,

grief I dare not tell to

any friend

trouble strange, sweet passion, bitter pain!

N.

480.

C.

4.81.

C. L. N. A.

I.

I. J.

lance not to be repented

of.

Tdiiha Nicolas.

i

Nassuh, a repen-

In hue

2,

note the

OMAR KHAYYAM.

323

Pa|

L^y* lA?="

c^

^ir^ S?^^

J^'«

Izdfat dropped after silent he.

482.

N.

are rare in

These quatrains are called jirdkiya, and

Khayyam.

THE QUATRAINS OF

324

483. 'Tis

dawn

And

here

This

And

is

I hear the

!

am

loud Muezzin's

call,

I before the vintner's hall

no time

Be

for piety.

drop your talk and

still

airs devotional

484.

Angel of joyful

foot

Pour wine, and

lift

!

the

dawn

is

nigh

;

your tuneful voice on high,

Sing how Jamsheds and Khosraus bit the dust,

Whelmed by

the rolling months, from Tir to

Dai!

485.

Prown not For

all

at revellers, I

doomed

for,

to hell,

N. A.

483.

C. L.

484.

C. L. N. A.

tx'mber.

thee,

thou keepest righteous company

But drink, If

beg of

drink or no,

no heaven

'tis all

the same,

thou'lt ever see.

I. J. I.

Tir and Dai, April

and De-

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^JLj

ij\

Lf^

J^J^

l5>^ 485.

C. L.

N. A.

them there were, others

doomed

^ i^-'^

J^^J^

whom

to err."

^y^ (^^

uV^s;.'^

^i^

I. J.

325

j^ j\ b

Jtb^

Koran,

xvi.

38

^V :

"

Some

of

Allah guided, and there were

THE QUATRAINS OF

326

486.

wish that Allah would rebuild these

I

And

earth,

And Or

and that

either raze

else relieve

my

at once, before

my name

And bread unbegged

for

Yea, with thy wine

No more

eyes,

!

.

make thy bounty's cup

!

my

off his roll,

dire necessities

487.

Lord

from

skies,

for

me

to flow,

day by day bestow

make me

to feel the headache of

beside myself.

my woe

!

488.

Omar In

!

hell,

of burning heart, perchance to

and feed

Presume not

its bale-fires

burn

in thy turn.

to teach Allah clemency,

Eor who art thou

to teach, or

N. This rather "Nee Deus intersit/'' &c, 486.

487.

C. L.

N. A.

I. J.

488.

0. L.

N. A.

I. J.

he to learn?

sins ag-ainst Horace's canon,

The Persian

preface states

OMAR KHAYYAM.

C5Jo.r^^^ iSJ^

(J^^S^

327

^Ay^

(jbj^i

^

'^ ^

UJL/*^ ^^_j?" j^

Fav

Fa

that, after his death,

Omar

A

appeared to his mother in a

dream, and repeated this quatrain to line I

am

indebted to Mr. Fitzirerald.

her.

For the

htst

THE QUATRAINS OP

328

489.

Cheer up

your

!

Heedless of

Without

was

settled yesterday

that you might do or say,

all

so

lot

much

as "

By

your leave

"

they

fixed

Your

lot for all

the morrows yesterday

!

490. I never I

would have come, had

would as

lief

And, to be

not go,

if I

I

been asked,

were asked,

would annihilate

short, I

All coming, being, going, were I asked

491.

Man

is

Flesh

is

a cup, his soul the wine therein. a pipe, spirit the voice within

O Khayyam, have you fathomed what man is ?

A

magic lantern with a light therein

489.

C. L. A. B.

490.

C. L.

" Therefore

N.

I.

!

Predestination.

(in part)

A. B.

I hated hie/' &c.

I. J.

So the

Eeclesiast,

OMAR KHAYYAM.

^^

/C*-X^

491. is

C. A.

I.

Turanian

i*^v^i

-J

z-'

•J

We

LiT**^

329

Note

(Bl.,

?ne (for

Prosody,

pronounced with the Imdla

ww/) rhymiDg- with we

xvii.),

and probably

{ibid, p. v.), is

the same.

;

7ne,

THE QUATRAINS OF

330

492.

O

skyey wheel,

all

base

men you

supply

baths, mills, and canals that run not dry,

With

While good men have

to

pawn

their goods

for bread

who would

Pray,

give a fig for such a sky

?

493.

A

potter at his

work

I

chanced to

see,

Pounding some earth and shreds of pottery I

looked with eyes of insight, and methought

'Twas Adam's dust with which he made so free

!

494.

The Sdki knows my genus properly^ To

all

woe's species he holds a key

Whene'er

And

that

492.

which 493.

my mood

makes

B. L,

all

C. L. A.

I.

3, I

Line 4 J.

he brings

the difference to

In line

will not scan.

is sad,

;

me wine,

me

!

read nlh and for nViand, is

slightly paraphrased.

Note the arrangement of the

OMAR KHAYYAM.

(jyj ^^^y» :i^

^^

^^

^U

a>^

prepositions dar

494.

d:)b :>^>

....

C. L. A. I.

iJ^/rcV.

A play

Bl.,

Prosody,

331

eJl^

^j

3^

tj^

xiii.

on terms of Logic.

THE QUATEAINS OF

332

495.

Dame

Fortune

!

all

your acts and deeds confess

That you are foul oppression's votaress

You Is this

cherish bad men, and annoy the good

from dotage, or sheer foolishness

?

496.

You,

who

in carnal lusts

Wearing your precious

Know

your time employ,

spirit

with annoy,

that these things you set your heart

upon Sooner or later must the soul destroy

497.

Hear from the Creation

is

spirit

summed

world

up,

this

man,

mystery in thee

Angel and demon, man and beast Yea, thou art

all

art thou.

thou dost appear to be

495.

C. L. A. I. J.

496.

L.

In line

4,

!

Mu'falcif, a devotee.

L. writes arizuyl with two yas,

the second being reflexed under the

first.

Bl. (Prosody,

OMAR KIIAYVAM.

p. ?'

12)

approves this method.

333

The second ya

is

the

ya

hatni, after conjunctive ya.

497.

L.

Man,

iyllable short.

the

microcosm.

Line 2

Should we read Suhhdne ^

is

ona

THE QUATRAINS OP

334

498. If popularity

you Avould ensue,

Speak well of Moslem, Christian, and Jew

;

So shall you be esteemed of great and small,

And none

will venture to speak

ill

of you.

499.

wheel of heaven, what have I done to you,

That you should thus annoy me? Tell

To

And

me

true

get a drink I have to cringe and stoop, for

my

bread you

make me beg and

sue.

500.

No But

longer

hug your

grief

and vain

in this unjust world be just

And

and

since the issue of the world

Think you are naught, and care

498.

L.

499.

L.

Ahruy, 'honour.'

so

despair, fair is

naught,

shake

off dull

OMAR KHAYYAM.

(Sj^

^^S-

&>o\^

J

335

J^

.

500.

L. B.

Ill line

3 scan ntsatlijasl.

s^

^w

J^V^

/

.^y-y'-^^,..j

:.

X'i-

Th )

f^

to

to V