The Philosophy of the Mòzĭ: The First Consequentialists 0231149271, 9780231149273

Mohism was an ancient Chinese philosophical movement founded in the fifth century BCE by the charismatic artisan M�zi, o

249 16 5MB

English Pages 320 [314] Year 2016

Report DMCA / Copyright

DOWNLOAD PDF FILE

Table of contents :
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction
1. Order, Objectivity, and Efficacy
2. Epistemology and Logic: Drawing Distinctions
3. Political Theory: Order Through Shared Norms
4. Heaven: The Highest Ethical Model
5. Ethics: The Benefit of All
6. Inclusive Care: For Others as for Oneself
7. Motivation: Changing People in a Generation
8. War and Economics
Epilogue
Glossary
Notes
Bibliography
Index
Recommend Papers

The Philosophy of the Mòzĭ: The First Consequentialists
 0231149271, 9780231149273

  • 0 0 0
  • Like this paper and download? You can publish your own PDF file online for free in a few minutes! Sign Up
File loading please wait...
Citation preview

CHRIS FRASER

The Philosophy of the

MÒZI TH E FIRST CONSEQUENTIALISTS

7  KH3KLORVRSK\RIWKH0z]ұ

fras14926.indb i

6/1/16 7:47 AM

fras14926.indb ii

6/1/16 7:47 AM

7  KH3KLORVRSK\ RIWKH0z]ұ The First Consequentialists

l CHRIS FRASER

Columbia Universit y Press New York

fras14926.indb iii

6/1/16 7:47 AM

 &ROXPELD8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV 3  XEOLVKHUV6LQFH 1  HZ2XWOLQHRIWKHKLVWRU\RI&KLQHVHSKLORVRSK\YRO@6KjQJKĉL &RPPHUFLDO3UHVV +  XWWRQ(ULF´0RUDO&RQQRLVVHXUVKLSLQ0HQJ]Lµ,Q(VVD\VRQWKH0RUDO3KLORVRSK\RI0HQJ]L HGLWHGE\;LXVKHQJ/LXDQG3KLOLS-,YDQKRH²,QGLDQDSROLV+DFNHWW , YDQKRH3KLOLS-&RQIXFLDQ0RUDO6HOI&XOWLYDWLRQ, QGLDQDSROLV+DFNHWW

fras14926.indb 275

6/1/16 7:47 AM

276

l

BIBLIOGRAPHY

³  ³³´0RKLVW3KLORVRSK\µ,Q5RXWOHGJH(QF\FORSHGLDRI3KLORVRSK\HGLWHGE\(GZDUG&UDLJ ²/RQGRQ5RXWOHGJH , YDQKRH3KLOLS-DQG%U\DQ:9DQ1RUGHQHGV5HDGLQJVLQ&ODVVLFDO&KLQHVH3KLORVRSK\1HZ $VWXG\RI0z]ұ@6KjQJKĉL6KčQJZ / LX-HH/RR$Q,QWURGXFWLRQWR&KLQHVH3KLORVRSK\2  [IRUG%ODFNZHOO / RHZH0LFKDHODQG(GZDUG/6KDXJKQHVV\HGV7KH&DPEULGJH +LVWRU\RI$QFLHQW&KLQD &DPEULGJH&DPEULGJH8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV / RZH6FRWW0R7]X·V5HOLJLRXV%OXHSULQWIRUD&KLQHVH8WRSLD/HZLVWRQ1$ FRPSUHKHQVLYH VWXG\ RI 0RKLVP@ 6K̍Q\iQJ /LiRQtQJMLjR\ 7  iQ-LqI࠾譚戒甫墨辯發微>$GHWDLOHGVWXG\RIWKH0RKLVWGLDOHFWLFV@%̍LMҸQJ=K‫گ‬QJKXi  7  iQ$FULWLFDOVWXG\RI0z]ұ·VWKRXJKW@7DLSHL:pQMҸQ  7  DQJ&KXQ,>7iQJ-ࡃQ\u@唐君毅中國哲學原論導論篇>2ULJLQVRI&KLQHVHSKLORVRSK\ ,QWURGXFWLRQ@7DLSHL;XpVK̒QJ ³  ³³中國哲學原論原道篇弌>2ULJLQVRI&KLQHVHSKLORVRSK\2ULJLQVRI'DR@9RO7DL SHL;XpVK̒QJ 7  D\ORU5RGQH\/´5HOLJLRQDQG8WLOLWDULDQLVP0R7]XRQ6SLULWVDQG)XQHUDOVµ3KLORVRSK\ (DVWDQG:HVWQR  ² 7  VHX$XJXVWLQXV$7KH0RUDO3KLORVRSK\RI0R7]H7  DLSHL&KLQD3ULQWLQJ Y DQ(OV3DXO´+RZWR(QG:DUVZLWK:RUGV7KUHH$UJXPHQWDWLYH6WUDWHJLHVE\0R]LDQG +LV)ROORZHUVµ,Q'HIRRUWDQG6 WDQGDHUW7KH´0R]Lµ ² 9  DQ1RUGHQ%U\DQ:´$5HVSRQVHWRWKH0RKLVW$UJXPHQWVLQ¶,PSDUWLDO&DULQJ·೒µ,Q7KH 0RUDO&LUFOHDQGWKH6HOI&KLQHVHDQG:HVWHUQ$SSURDFKHVHGLWHGE\.LPFKRQJ&KRQJ6RU KRRQ7DQDQG&/7HQ²/D6DOOH,OO2SHQ&RXUW ³  ³³9LUWXH(WKLFVDQG&RQVHTXHQWLDOLVPLQ(DUO\&KLQHVH3KLORVRSK\&DPEULGJH&DPEULGJH 8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV 9  RUHQNDPS'LUFN´$QRWKHU/RRNDW8WLOLWDULDQLVPLQ0R7]X·V7KRXJKWµ-RXUQDORI&KLQHVH 3KLORVRSK\QR  ² :  iQJ=jQ\XiQ王讚源墨子>0z]ұ@7DLSHL'‫گ‬QJGj :  DWDQDEH7DNDVKL.RGDL&KࡃJRNXVKLV‫گ‬QRNHQN\ࡃ7RN\R6‫گ‬EXQVKD :  DWVRQ%XUWRQWUDQV0R7]X%DVLF:ULWLQJV1HZ&ROOHFWHGH[SOLFDWLRQVRI0z]ұ@7DLSHL:pQVKұ]Kp =  KDQJ4LDQID´+XPDQ'LJQLW\LQ&ODVVLFDO&KLQHVH3KLORVRSK\5HLQWHUSUHWLQJ0RKLVPµ -RXUQDORI&KLQHVH3KLORVRSK\QR  ² =  K‫گ‬QJ0z]ұ·VSKLORVRSKLFDOPHWKRG@7DLSHL'‫گ‬QJGj 

fras14926.indb 279

6/1/16 7:47 AM

fras14926.indb 280

6/1/16 7:47 AM

INDEX

DFWLRQDQGFRQVHTXHQWLDOLVP² GLVFULPLQDWLRQDQGUHVSRQVHPRGHO RIDQGHGXFDWLRQ ²DQGHSLVWHPRORJ\DQGHWK LFVDQG+HDYHQDQG LGHQWLI\LQJXSZDUG²DQGLQFOX VLYHFDUHPRGHOV IRUL[DQG PRWLYDWLRQ²² DQGUHDVRQLQJ²DQGULJKWHRXV QHVVDQGVKuI̒LGLVWLQFWLRQV ²VWDWHPHQWVJXLGLQJ² :HVWHUQFRQFHSWVRI6HH DOVRFRQGXFW DFWLYLVPPRUDO² DHVWKHWLFYDOXH0RKLVWLQGLϸHUHQFHWR RIPXVLFQ DQGSOXUDOLVPYVXWLOLW\  DJHQF\DQGIDWDOLVP²RIJKRVWV RI+HDYHQKXPDQ² DQGUHDVRQLQJ²:HVWHUQ FRQFHSWVRI DNUDVLD ZHDNQHVVRIZLOO Q $QDOHFWVQRQFHUHPR QLDOSURSULHW\QQ DQG&RQIXFLXVQRQIXQHUDO

fras14926.indb 281

ULWHV²DQGLQGLYLGXDO LVPRQPRWLYDWLRQRQPXVLF QQRQVRFLDOVWDWXVDQG VSHFLDOUHODWLRQVKLSV $QQDOVRI/%XZHLDQGIXQHUDOULWHV DQGLQϰXHQFHRI0RKLVPQRQ 0RKLVPQQRQ PXVLFQQRQUHDVRQLQJ DQGVSHFLDOUHODWLRQVKLSV $ULVWRWOH² DXGLHQFHRI0RKLVWV²HOLWHDV DQGHWKLFV DQGLQFOXVLYHFDUH ´$YRLGLQJ([FHVVµ² EHKDYLRULVP EHOLHIGHVLUHPRGHO Q EHQHϮW Ou DQGDVVHVVPHQWRIHWKLFV ²DQGFDUH² QDQGFRQVHTXHQWLDOLVP QFULWHULDIRUQ HFRQRPLFYVKDUP KjL ² ²DQG+HDYHQ LQFOXVLYHFDUHDV² DQGPRGHOV²

6/1/16 7:47 AM

282

l

EHQHϮW FRQWLQXHG DQG0RKLVWDXGLHQFHYV PXVLFDQGULJKWHRXV QHVV²QDQG5XLVP DQGVSHFLDOUHODWLRQVKLSV²DQG WKHVWDWHWKUHHNLQGVRI ²² ²DQGZDUIDUH ² EHQHϮWRIDOOWKHZRUOG WLčQ[Lj]KҸOu  ²DQGEHQHYROHQFH ²FRPSRQHQWVRI DQGFRQVHTXHQWLDOLVPGLI ϮFXOW\RIDQGGLYLQHZLOOWKHRU\ HFRQRPLF DQGHGXFDWLRQDQG+HDYHQ QDQG LQFOXVLYHFDUH ²DQGPRGHOV DQGPRUDOLW\²DQGPRWLYD WLRQDQGULJKWHRXVQHVV QDQG5XLVPYVVSHFLDOUHOD WLRQVKLSV²YVWKHVWDWHQ DQGZDUIDUH² EHQHYROHQFH UpQ ²DQGEHQHϮWWR DOO²DQGFHUHPR QLDOSURSULHW\DQGFRQVHTXHQ WLDOLVPGLϲ FXOW\RI RIHOLWHQDQGHPRWLRQV QQLQHWKLFV ²DQGIDWHDQGIXQHUDO ULWHVRI+HDYHQ ²DV+HDYHQ·VLQWHQW DQGLQFOXVLYHFDUH² DQGPRGHOV DQGPRWLYDWLRQ YVQRQHVVHQWLDOVDQGULJKWHRXV QHVVQDQGULWXDOQLQ 5XLVPRIUXOHUVDQG VSHFLDOUHODWLRQVKLSV %HQWKDP-HUHP\Q %u