The Pacific Islands 9780824843892

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T H E PACIFIC ISLANDS PRESS

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T H E EAST-WEST CENTER—formally k n o w n as " T h e Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange Between East and West"—was established in Hawaii by the United States Congress in 1960. As a national educational institution in cooperation with the University of Hawaii, the Center has the mandated goal "to promote better relations and understanding between the United States and the nations of Asia and the Pacific through cooperative study, training, and research." Each year about 2,000 men and women from the United States and some 40 countries and territories of Asia and the Pacific area work and study together with a multi-national East-West Center staff in wide-ranging programs dealing with problems of m u t u a l East-West concern. Participants are supported by federal scholarships and grants, supplemented in some fields by contributions from Asian/Pacific governments and private foundations. Center programs are conducted by the East-West Communication Institute, the East-West Culture L e a r n i n g Institute, the East-West Food Institute, the East-West Population Institute, and the East-West Technology and Development Institute. Open Grants are awarded to provide scope for educational and research innovation, including a program in humanities and the arts. East-West Center Books are published by T h e University Press of Hawaii to further the Center's aims and programs.

THE PACIFIC ISLANDS PRESS A Directory

J I M RICHSTAD MICHAEL MCMILLAN R A L P H D . BARNEY

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AN EAST-WEST CENTER

BOOK

N T S / " FROM THE EAST-WEST COMMUNICATION

The University Press of Hawaii Honolulu 1973

INSTITUTE

C o p y r i g h t © 1973 by T h e University Press of H a w a i i All rights reserved Library of Congress C a t a l o g Card N u m b e r 73-83935 ISBN 0-8248-0291-8 M a n u f a c t u r e d in the United States of America

CONTENTS A Guide to the Arrangement of Entries vi Abbreviations and Definitions Used vii Preface ix The Pacific Islands Press 1 The Political Background 2 Some Characteristics of the Press Government-Press Relations 9 World and Regional News 11 Some Problems 13 The Future 16 American Samoa 17 British Solomon Islands 19 Cook Islands 21 Fiji 22 French Polynesia 32 Gilbert and Ellice Islands 35 Guam 38 Nauru 40 New Caledonia 41 New Hebrides 46 Niue 49 Norfolk Island 50 Papua New Guinea 51 Pitcairn Island 55 Tonga 56 Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands Western Samoa 62

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Appendixes A. Island-Related Publications 65 B. Newspapers and Magazines in Hawaii C. News Services in the Pacific Islands D. Addenda and Late Information 76 Index 79

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A GUIDE T O THE ARRANGEMENT OF ENTRIES

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ABBREVIATIONS & DEFINITIONS USED

Abbreviations Used AAP

Australian Associated Press

AFP

Agence France-Presse

AP

Associated Press

avg.

average

circ.

circulation

cm.

centimeter

col.

column

cy.

copy

est.

estimate

ex.

except

Fr

franc (Franc Comptoir Français du Pacifique)

in.

inch

MNS

Micronesian News Service

mo.

month

na

not available

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NAFENS

Near and F a r East News Service

pg.

page

pop.

population

pp.

pages

p.s.c.c.

per single column-centimeter

p. s. c. i.

per single column-inch

sq. in.

square inches

sq. mi.

square miles

UPI

United P r e s s International

unk.

unknown

wk.

week

yr.

year Definitions Used

triweekly

three times a week

semiweekly

two times a week

biweekly

once in two weeks

semimonthly

twice a month at a specified day, such as the 1st and 15th

bimonthly

once in two months

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PREFACE

This directory is the first extensive compilation of basic information about the publications being issued in the islands of Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia. It was undertaken by Ralph D. Barney, of Brigham Young University, and the East-West Communication Institute to provide a convenient reference source for journalists, r e s e a r c h e r s , scholars, advertisers, and others seeking information about the Pacific Basin. In the past, directories and guidebooks have furnished only sketchy, often badly outdated, information about the largest of the newspapers in these islands; smaller papers and local publications have gone unnoticed. Because the directory is intended to meet the needs of a variety of u s e r s , liberal standards have been applied in accepting publications for inclusion. Thus, publications that might best be described as news sheets and newsletters appear alongside fullfledged newspapers and magazines. Some publications that are not important sources of general news have been included for their potential interest to advertisers and r e s e a r c h e r s . Omitted are some more specialized publications, such as scholarly journals, religious publications, literary magazines, and published annual reports. In the course of compiling this work, suggestions were received that it be enlarged to take in Hawaii and to include certain publications issued from Australia and circulated widely in the Pacific Islands. Since information about these publications has long been available in other reference works, ix

they were not surveyed for this directory. The Institute intends to issue updated editions of this directory on a periodic basis, and future editions may be enlarged to include full information on these publications. For the present, they simply have been listed in appendixes. Most of the information in these pages was supplied by the editors and publishers of the newspapers and magazines listed. The Institute acknowledges with thanks their assistance in making the directory possible. Information was gathered by questionnaires distributed by mail during mid-1972 and in most cases has been updated to April 1973. In those few cases in which no responses were received to questionnaires, information, usually incomplete, was obtained by consulting other sources or, where possible, by consulting recent issues of the publications in question. Throughout the editing process, publications previously unheard from were brought to the Institute's attention. This edition cannot claim to be complete, but it should include all of the major publications being issued in the Pacific Islands. The idea for this directory developed out of communication research in the Pacific Islands by Dr. Barney, who served as a Fellow of the Communication Institute in the summer of 1971. The directory grew out of this association. A preliminary version of the directory was presented to editors attending the first South Pacific Editors Conference, held at Suva, Fiji, July 30 to August 5, 1972, under the sponsorship of the Fiji Press Club and the Communication Institute. The introductory essay draws heavily on papers prepared

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for the conference by Leota Pita Alailima, managing editor, South Sea Star; Michel Anglade, editor, La Depeche de Tahiti; James Boyack, editor, Tahiti Bulletin; Ed Engledow, director, Office of Samoan Information, Government of American Samoa; John A. Fitzgerald, managing editor, Papua New Guinea Post-Courier; Nat Gandhi, chief reporter, Fiji Samachar; Paul Grimes, director of foreign news, Philadelphia Evening & Sunday Bulletin, and a 1972 Senior Fellow of the East-West Communication Institute; J. P . King, managing editor, Samoa News; Robert S. McClelland, editor, Tonga Chronicle; Vic Pangelinan, managing editor, Marianas Variety; Henry Raraka, editor, Kakamora Reporter; Austin Sapias, reporter, Papua New Guinea Post-Courier; and L . G. Usher, executive director, Fiji Times & Herald, Ltd. The conference papers are being published separately by the Communication Institute. A special note of thanks goes to Jo Ann Melemai of East-West Center for her competent and conscientious typing and preparation of the entire manuscript for printing.

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THE PACIFIC ISLANDS PRESS The press of the Pacific Islands takes its character from the rich and diverse cultures and peoples of the islands and from those who came to the islands later. The journalistic traditions of the British, the Americans, the French are mixed with a growing sense of Pacific journalism, a distinctive awareness of the traditional cultures of the Pacific peoples. The peoples of Polynesia, Melanesia, and Micronesia are at differing stages of political, social and economic development, and their newspapers are a r e flection of this uneven growth—from a bimonthly mimeographed newspaper to a daily rolling off a quartermillion-dollar letterpress facility. This tremendous diversity and a growing sense of professionalism in the press are apparent in even a cursory view of this directory. There is a great drama going on in the South P a cific—the questioning, the planning, the conflicts that occur as societies change their ways of doing things— and the press is deeply involved as actor, audience, and potential script writer. Although this directory is concerned with newspapers ai*d magazines, the important role of radio in the South Pacific should be emphasized. Television also is an important medium in American Samoa, Guam, New Caledonia, and Tahiti. One of the most interesting a s pects of communication in the Pacific Islands is the reach of radio broadcasting over printed materials. But radio, by its nature and historical development, is almost without exception a government operation in the South Pacific, or closely attached to government. This leaves to newspapers the responsibility for providing a means of public debate, challenges to government, and presentation of alternative strategies. The concept of

an independent press in a "watchdog" relationship to government is not universally accepted in the islands, and some crucial and fascinating debates over this question are now going on. The Political Background Independence and self-government are the key elements in political developments in the South Pacific. New nations are emerging, some now controlling for the first time in many years both their internal and external affairs. The whole complex of factors related to independence—new and varied and often difficult relations with other countries, the inevitable impacts of the economic and social realities of the twentieth century—is upon the Pacific Islands, and the role of the press in this is both delicate and vigorous. Since the former trust territory of Western Samoa left New Zealand's administrative control in 1962, self-government in the Islands has proceeded with a quickening pace. The Cook Islands won selfgovernment, in continuing free association with New Zealand, in 1965. The island of Nauru, a former trust territory under Australian control, became an independent republic in 1968. The centuries-old Kingdom of Tonga regained full sovereignty when Great Britain gave up its protectorate in mid-1970. In October 1970, Britain granted the Dominion of Fiji full independence. Increasing self-government has been extended in the American possessions of Guam and American Samoa as well. Guamanians began electing their own governor in 1970; a similar step will probably be taken in American Samoa within a few years. The Australian-administered Trust Territory of Papua New Guinea will become self-governing

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at the end of 1973, and conferences are being held to determine the future of the U.S. Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. The French t e r r i t o r i e s of New Caledonia and French Polynesia, though they voted in 1958 to maintain their ties with metropolitan France, have been the scene of active nationalist movements, as have other island areas. This growing sense of national identity among groups of islanders—and, some would add, the potentially dangerous excesses that accompany it—is a predominant element of the climate in which the Pacific Islands p r e s s functions. Journalists, like others, are evaluating their roles as individuals and the role of the p r e s s as an institution in accelerating political, economic, and social development. Each locale has its unique situation, however, and the responses in each must necessarily be individual ones. Some Characteristics of the P r e s s What sort of p r e s s are we talking about ? Some general characteristics can be discerned from the data contained in this directory. Sixty-three publications are listed. Only eight appear daily (including daily except Sunday). Four others appear five days a week. These are, naturally, in the larger urban centers of Suva, Fiji; Papeete, Tahiti; Noumea, New Caledonia; Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea; and Agana, Guam. Weekly publications, nineteen of them, make up the largest single category. One newspaper appears three times a week, and one twice a week. Ten are published biweekly and five other semimonthly. The remainder appear monthly or less frequently. 3

The majority of these publications are printed by the offset method. Only seven are produced on letterpress equipment: four in Fiji, the two government newspapers of Tonga, and the Papua New Guinea Post-Courier in Port Moresby. The PostCourier in late 1972 installed a new rotary letterp r e s s at a cost of $250, 000; it is believed to be the largest such installation in the South Pacific. Iii addition, the Western Samoan government newspaper, Savali, is printed partly by offset and partly letterpress, and the weekly Norfolk Islander, a husband-wife enterprise, combines both of those processes with some mimeographed pages. Physically, most are small. Most dailies are tabloid size and average 16 to 24 pages, with some publishing as many as 28 to 32 pages. About half the weeklies are tabloid or near-tabloid size. Other weeklies, as well as most biweeklies and semimonthlies, are published in 8 - x 11-inch, 9- x 13-inch or similar small formats. The larger weeklies average 16 to 24 pages, with some publishing 32 to 36 pages. The small format weeklies usually publish 10 to 14 pages. More than half the publications listed in this directory were established after 1960, a reflection both of the growing interest in news and communication and of the economic realities that confront newspaper production. Only eight of these newspapers pre-date 1950, and only three have survived since the nineteenth century: the Fiji Times in Suva and two Noumea papers, La France Australe and Noumea-Soir, the renamed Bulletin du Commerce, which was converted to daily operation in mid-1972. The most recent trend in new publications has been the growth of tourist-oriented publications 4

intended for f r e e distribution to visitors, mainly as an advertising and promotion medium. The Fiji Times & Herald company began publishing Fiji Holiday (formerly Ni Bula Mai) in Suva in 1968. The Fiji Beach P r e s s began appearing in Suva in 1969, and three similar publications were established in 1972: the Noumea Beach P r e s s , the Apia Beach P r e s s , and the Pago Beach P r e s s in American Samoa, the latter two published by the same f i r m . Other newspapers appearing for the first time in 1972 are: Marianas Variety, successor to the Micronesia Star, in Saipan, Mariana Islands; Tia Belau, a mimeographed paper founded in Koror, Palau, to further Micronesian self-determination and independence; and Launuat-Lagasai, a government-sponsored paper established at Kavieng, New Ireland, in Papua New Guinea, to provide village people with news and educational articles. Considering the diversity of the cultures that make up the Pacific area and the multifarious Polynesian, Melanesian, Micronesian, and Papuan languages in use, it is perhaps not surprising that English has become the predominant language of the printed information media. More than half the publications listed in this guide publish in English or with at least half of the contents in English. In French Polynesia and New Caledonia, French is dominant, with only very limited use of English. Indigenous Pacific languages are particularly under-exploited. Pidgin serves as a medium of communication in some publications in Papua New Guinea, the British Solomon Islands, and the New Hebrides. In Fiji, two Fijian publications appear alongside eight in English. In addition, one

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publication is printed half in English and half in Fijian. There are also four weekly newspapers in Hindi to serve residents of Indian extraction, who make up about half of Fiji's population. None of the four newspapers in Western Samoa publishes entirely in Samoan, although about 75 p e r cent of the government organ is written in Samoan. Two others are split evenly between Samoan and English. Two of the three publications in American Samoa use English exclusively; the third prints half of its material in Samoan. The government of Niue prints its small publication half in the indigenous tongue and half in English. The Tongan government publishes separate English and Tongan editions, the content of one occasionally differing from the content of the other. Circulation of the Tongan edition is about three times the circulation of the English chronicle. Palauan, Ponapean, Marshallese, Trukese, and Chamorro are in limited use in Micronesian papers that also publish partly in English. Circulation of island newspapers is difficult to judge with certainty. The circulation figures given in this directory were supplied by the publishers and are not, with a few exceptions, subject to confirmation by an independent auditing agency. They are, however, by far the best figures available. They are summarized in Table 1. From the table, it will be seen that dailies make up 20 percent of the publications listed here and account for 25 percent of the combined circulation. Weeklies make up about 31 percent of the total

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Table 1 Circulation of Pacific Islands Publications-^ Number of Publications

Combined Circulation

12

81,637

Semiweekly

1

4,800

Triweekly

1

5,500

19

75,130

Biweekly

9

22,750

Semimonthly

5

62,950

11

57,150

Bimonthly

2

2,500

Quarterly

1

5,100

Total

61

317,517

Frequency of Publication Daily 2

Weekly

Monthly

4 h i s table excludes two publications listed in the directory for which no circulation figures were available: La Voix du Cagou, Noumea (weekly), and Fiji Nation, Suva (biweekly). o

Includes newspapers published daily except Sunday and those published five days a week.

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number of publications and account for another 25 percent of the total circulation. Semimonthlies, which are only 8 percent of the number of publications, provide 20 percent of the combined circulation. Fifteen percent of the publications are biweeklies, but they account for only 7 percent of the total c i r c u lation. Monthlies, 18 percent of the number of publications, provide 16 percent of the total circulation. Population figures on which to base diffusion ratios are equally suspect, but calculations based on them, though of questionable accuracy, do suggest trends and provide useful rough measurements. Thus werfind, for example, in American Samoa, a daily news bulletin for every 10 persons and a semiweekly paper for every 5.9 persons; in Guam, a daily newspaper for every 4. 5 persons; in French Polynesia, a daily newspaper for every 10 persons; in Fiji, a daily newspaper for every 27 persons and a weekly for every 12 persons; in Western Samoa, a weekly newspaper for every 17. 5 persons; in Tonga, a weekly for every 19.5 persons; in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, a weekly for every 24 persons; in Niue, a weekly for every 4 persons; and on Norfolk Island, a weekly for every 1. 3 persons. The problems involved in trying to use such figures are manifold, however. The effective diffusion ratios are doubtless quite different since in most of these areas substantial segments of the population are beyond the reach of newspaper distribution systems and so receive no copies of any publications. Papua New Guinea's single daily newspaper produces a copy for every 151 persons in the territory. Since the literacy rate is about 20 percent, a more meaningful figure might be one copy for each 33 persons capable of reading it.

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French Polynesia's three dailies produce enough copies to circulate one newspaper for every ten persons. Editors note, however, that their papers reach only that half of the population residing on the island of Tahiti, about 60, 000 persons, or one copy per six persons. However, one editor insists there can be only about 10, 000 newspaper r e a d e r s on the island. If so, that would mean a copy for everyone who cared to read it and 200 left over in circulation offices. The most complete saturation—at least on the record—is undoubtedly on Pitcairn Island, where 650 copies of a monthly mimeographed newspaper are pumped out for a population of 84. Presumably, a large number goes into the mail for overseas distribution. While private publications outnumber government publications in the islands, the private dominance is largely in the urbanized areas that can support commercial ventures. In several areas, including Tonga, Niue, the British Solomon Islands, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Nauru, and the New Hebrides, government publications are the only ones available or hold a dominant position by virtue of their superior financial and logistical resources. Government-Press Relations Press-government relations is one issue touching editors and publishers in all areas of the Pacific. It is often a sensitive topic because of different conceptions of the proper role of the p r e s s in economic and social development. Some idea of the situations and responses that pertain in various areas can be seen in statements made at a conference

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of South Pacific editors at Suva during the summer of 1972.* J . P . King, editor of the Samoa News in Pago Pago, described his many conflicts with the governor of American Samoa, and he drew both rebuttals and attacks by Ed Engledow of the Samoan Information Office. The sharpness of the dispute shows the abrasiveness that can develop between p r e s s and government, especially when the p r e s s takes on the role of muckraker, critic or watchdog. In Western Samoa, the editor of the Samoa Times described a run-in with the P r i m e Minister, which resulted in headlines on the front page of the paper. Faalogo Pito Faalogo asked for time to respond over the government radio after the P r i m e Minister's statement was broadcast, but his request was turned down. And Fiji has had its own clashes between government and the p r e s s . L. G. Usher, the editorpublisher of the Fiji Times in Suva, a man with many y e a r s ' experience in and out of government, sees his paper, which is one of the largest in the South Pacific, as a watchdog, upholding the people's right to know and coexisting in a love-hate relationship with government and politicians. A Solomon Islander, who believes the British colonial government has carefully suppressed development of a native p r e s s , sees as the most

*The Conference was jointly sponsored by the Fiji P r e s s Club and the East-West Communication Institute; papers resulting are available through the Institute.

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important task of his modest but provocative monthly publication the fostering of national unity and independence. Spot news takes a back seat to the presentation of editorial opinion based on fact. The Kakamora Reporter is the only non-government news publication in circulation in the Solomon Islands. The editor, Henry Raraka, said he feels his paper is tolerated by the government only because of its small circulation. A New Guinea-born reporter on the staff of the Papua New Guinea Post-Courier, Austin Sapias, said the most important function of newspapers in his country, which stands on the threshold of s e l f government, is to inform, persuade, and educate the m a s s e s , with emphasis on the unity necessary to make self-government work. His editor, John A. Fitzgerald from Australia, says the paper should be encouraging public debate in a manner that will foster tolerance of whatever administration is in power in the exciting but unsettling days of transition to independence. World and Regional News The press in the Pacific is notable for its insularity, a trait not unexpected in view of the geographical nature of the region. Transmission costs limit the dissemination of international news, and there is apparently little interest in news of the outside world. Most of the publications listed here rely on scattered correspondents and stringers and information culled from other publications for their material on other parts of the Pacific, if they look beyond their own islands at all. Geography and poor communication facilities hamper even the largest papers in the

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gathering of timely information from outlying islands of their own countries. Only the largest papers in the South Pacific can afford regular services of major international news-gathering organizations. Guam's newspapers, owned by the Gannett chain, are perhaps in the best position of all, having the services of Associated Press (AP), United Press International (UPI), the New York Times Service, and the Los Angeles Times-Washington Post Service, as well as having ties to the Honolulu Star-Bulletin and the rest of the Gannett chain. In Papua New Guinea, the Post-Courier receives service from Australian Associated Press (AAP) and from the Melbourne Herald, with which it has financial ties. The government-published semimonthly, published in English as Our News and in pidgin as Nius Bilong Yumi, also uses some AAP material obtained via the Australian Broadcasting Commission network. The Fiji Times receives a combined daily teletype feed of international, Australian, and New Zealand news prepared by AAP in Sydney from the Reuters, AP, and UPI services. Tahiti's news media share the cost, about $3, 000 per month, of a 3, 000-word daily report from Agence France-Presse (AFP) in Paris via government-owned teletype. AFP service also goes to two of Noumea's newspapers. American Samoa's government makes heavy use of the UPI radio wire for its five-day-a-week News Bulletin.

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Even where it is available, international news is sometimes all but ignored. In Papeete, for example, where three newspapers have use of the AFP report, world news is generally relegated to back pages, almost never making front-page headlines. Although the completed report is available by 11 a . m . each day, it is not published until the following day. The editor of an English-language news bulletin for visitors to Papeete, James Boyack, explains the rationale of Tahiti editors this way: "The typical Tahitian newspaper reader (of which there are certainly less than 10, 000) does not give a damn about the news per se—that is, he cares very little about what is happening in the world. Tahiti exists quite outside the dynamics of international s t r e s s and strain, and therefore its island population is not hung up in the flux of events and flow of ideas which are the meat of an ordinary, say American, newspaper." Boyack finds Tahiti's major newspapers complacent and unaggressive. His own paper, in some ways a "beach p r e s s , " probably front-pages more international news than do the regular Tahiti newspapers. Some Problems Transportation difficulties have meant great distribution problems for publishers in many areas of the Pacific. In New Guinea, many rural areas are virtually out of the reach of newspapers. In Tonga, the government-sponsored newspaper is said to require two to three weeks to reach outer

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islands. None of the private enterprise newspapers in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands has been able to achieve significant distribution throughout all six districts of the Territory, although the Pacific Daily News in Guam, outside the Territory, has recently made headway in that direction. Others find distribution less a problem. In American Samoa, for example, about 26,000 of the total population of 28, 000 live on the main island of Tutuila and are, therefore, relatively accessible. Use of offset printing equipment has made it easier to turn out newspapers with small staffs, but critics say it has also made newspapermen lazier. The ease with which items can be clipped and pasted up has made for wholesale lifting of items from other newspapers in some areas and, some say, has discouraged local enterprise. The typical newspaper in the Pacific operates with a very small staff of workers versatile enough to wear several hats. The Papeete daily, La Depeche de Tahiti, for example, has an editorial staff of five: a managing editor, two other editors who combine the functions of reporter, secretary, and columnist, and two photo-reporters. Tahiti's other dailies are similarily staffed. The largest news staffs in the region are those of the Papua New Guinea Post-Courier, with 20 editorial employees, and the Fiji Times, with 18. The smallest of the publications listed herein doubtless are the products of as few as two or three persons.

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The training of journalists is a subject of much concern to Pacific Island publishers and editors, who frequently complain of a shortage of skilled personnel, both technical and editorial. Tahiti's papers, unable to find satisfactory help locally, bring newsmen from France under contract, often knowing little about them beyond a resume. Mismatching and disappointment sometimes result. Robert S. McClelland, a New Zealand journalist who spent two y e a r s as volunteer editor of the Tongan government newspapers, said the administration was unable during his tenure to find a suitable Tongan to train as a successor. Two days before he left at the end of 1972, an inexperienced Tongan with potential was appointed acting editor. With the appointment of Siosiua Fonua as acting editor, the staff involved in the production of the paper is all Tongan for the first time. Consequently, the papers have acquired a positive Tongan identity, editorials have been introduced, and the number of pages in each issue has increased, probably as a result of closer cooperation from the printing staff. According to the managing editor of the Papua New Guinea Post-Courier, that paper, hampered by the low educational standard of Papua New Guinea, has been able in nearly 20 y e a r s to train only one islander to become a skilled sub-editor, although a number have attained competence as reporters and photographers. Yet management realizes that until good editors are brought in from among the people of New Guinea it will be impossible to know whether the newspaper is meeting the needs and desires of the people. The Fiji Times, on the other hand, reports considerable accomplishment in this area. Ten of the newspaper's 18 editorial staff members were 15

recruited in Fiji and most were trained there. paper also trained all but one member of its production staff.

The

The Future A summary phrase that grew out of the Fiji editors conference was "Pacific-style journalism." This means doing things the way they are done in the Pacific Islands, and maintaining a sensitivity to local feelings and customs, even in the midst of rapid change. The editors, reporters and others in newspaper work in the Pacific Islands are dayby-day developing their own sense of journalism, their own ways of adapting the newspaper to the islands, and making the press a part of their societies. This process cannot be described through the statistical entries which follow; further, each of the publications listed here has its own history, drama, and role in its society, and someday all of that should be written. The directory can, however, provide a useful record of the status of the press at what may be the "take-off" point in the development of the Pacific Islands.

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AMERICAN SAMOA

American Samoa is an unorganized, unincorporated territory of the United States, administered by the Department of the Interior. The territory is situated about 2,600 miles southwest of Hawaii and includes the six Samoan islands of Tutuila, Aunu'u, Tau, Ofu, Olesega, and Rose Island and Swains Island. Land area: 76.2 sq. mi. Capital: Pago Pago on Tutuila. Population: 27,769 (1970). Currency: dollar (U.S.).

News Bulletin Government of American Samoa Pago Pago, American Samoa 96920 link. five times per wk. ; 2, 800 circ. during school y r . , 1, 800 circ. during school vacation English; free 8 x 14 in. ; avg. 4 pp. offset (Varies); printed in Government Print Shop no advertising Publisher: Office of Samoan Information, Government of American Samoa Editor: Ed Engledow Assistant Editor: Neal Corbett UPI

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Pago Beach Press Islands Media and General Enterprises, Ltd. P. O. Box 561, Apia, Western Samoa September 1, 1972 monthly; 4,000 circ. English; free six 10-em x 16 in. cols. ; avg. 12 pp. offset (MGD Duplicator); printed by The Transpac Corp. $2 p . s . c . i . Editor-Publisher: Peter R. Creevey

Samoa News Samoa News Limited P.O. Box 57, Pago Pago, American Samoa August 6, 1969 semiweekly; 4,800 circ. English (50%), Samoan (50%) $9. 75 per annum 10 x 16 in.; avg. 14 pp. offset (ATF Chief 22); printed by Samoa News Printing Co. $1. 65 p. s. c. i. Editor-Publisher: J. P. King

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BRITISH SOLOMON ISLANDS

The British Solomon Islands, a British protectorate, are located between five and ten degrees south latitude and 157 and 162 degrees east longitude. The largest of the many islands that make up the group are Choiseul, New Georgia, Santa Isabel, Guadalcanal, Malaita, and San C r i s tobal. Land area: 11,500 sq. mi. Capital: Honiara (pop. 8, 000) on Guadalcanal. Population: 173,000 (1972 e s t . ) . Currency: Australian dollar.

BSI News Sheet Solomon Islands Information & Broadcasting Services Honiara, Guadalcanal, British Solomon Islands 1958 biweekly; 4,000 circ. English; $3.50 per annum 8-1/3 x 11-3/4 in. ; avg. 12 pp. offset (Rotaprint R39-90); printed by Government Printing Office $60 per full pg. Publisher: Solomon Islands Information & Broadcasting Services Editor: Denis Fisk (senior information officer) Editorial Assistant: Magdalene Raraka

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Reporters: none fulltime; material from editor and from radio news reporters Special Writer: Ashley Wickham (radio news editor) Photographers: Chris Taboua, chief; Philip Vahia Central Office of Information, London; United Nations agencies; correspondents in the British Solomons; Pacific Countries Information Service; exchange publications

Kakamora Reporter P . O . Box 169, Honiara, British Solomon Islands February 28, 1970 monthly; 700 circ. English, Solomon Islands pidgin 5 - 7 / 8 x 8-1/4 in. ; avg. 18 pp. mimeograph $10 per full pg. Editor-Publisher: Henry Raraka Assistant Editor: Ella Bugotu Advertising Manager: Alfred Bugoro contributors, exchange publications

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COOK ISLANDS

The Cook Islands are a self-governing dependency of New Zealand consisting of 15 islands located just west of French Polynesia. Land area: 93 sq. mi. Administrative center: Avarua (pop. 10, 000) on Rarotonga Island. Population: 20,000 (1970 e s t . ) . Currency: New Zealand dollar.

Cook Islands News Cook Islands Broadcasting & Newspaper Corp. P . O . Box 126, Rarotonga, Cook Islands five times per wk.; 600 c i r c . English, Maori; 4 cents per copy 9 x 12 in.; avg. 12-16 pp. xerox; printed by Cook Islands Printing Office and Works $.20 p. s . c . i .

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FIJI

Fiji is an independent state consisting of about 350 islands and islets centered on the 180th meridian at about 15 degrees south latitude. The largest of the islands are Viti Levu, which constitutes more than half the total land area, and Vanua Levu. Land area: 7,055 sq. mi. Capital: Suva (pop. 65,000) on Viti Levu. Population: 526,765 (1970 e s t . ) . Currency: dollar.

Fiji Beach P r e s s Beach P r e s s , Ltd. P . O . Box 826, Suva, Fiji February 1969 semimonthly (1st and 15th); 11,000 circ. English; f r e e six 10-em x 16 in. cols. ; avg. 28 pp. offset (Heidelberg); printed by Oceania Printers, Ltd. $F2. 50 p . s . c . i . Publisher: Beach P r e s s , Ltd. Editor: Shirley Barker Assistant Editor: Emelita Wendt Advertising Manager: Oscar Reymond Other Editors: Yashwant Kumar, makeup; Una Lakemba, assistant makeup Reporter: Samu Sauntua

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Editorial Production: SPANS

Fiji Holiday Fiji Times & Herald, Ltd. P . O . Box 1167, Suva, Fiji 1968 monthly; 16,000 circ. English; f r e e 10-1/4 x 16 in.; avg. 44 pp. offset (Goss Community web offset, 1969) $F2.50 p . s . c . i . Publisher: John Moses Editor: Wayne M. Butler Advertising Manager: David A. Evans Features Editor: Sue Wendt

The Fiji Nation (Na Tovata) Alliance Publications P . O . Box 1373, Suva, Fiji biweekly; circ. na Fijian (50%), English (50%); 4 cents per copy 11-1/4 x 17-1/2 in.; avg. 12 pp. offset; printed by Fiji Times & Herald, Ltd. na Publisher: The Alliance Party Editor: E. Rasovo

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Fiji Film & Photonews Fiji Times & Herald, Ltd. P. O. Box 1167, Suva, Fiji November 1972 (incorporates Echo Magazine) monthly; 7,000 circ. English; $F1 per annum six 10-em x 16-in. cols.; avg. 24 pp. offset (Goss Community web offset, 1969) $F2 p. s . c . i . Publisher: Fiji Times & Herald, Ltd. Editor: Wayne Butler Advertising Manager: David Evans

Fiji Times Fiji Times & Herald, Ltd. P.O. Box 1167, Suva, Fiji 1869 daily (a.m.) ex. Sunday; 19,600 circ. weekdays, 21,000 Saturdays English; $F3. 80 per 3 mos. six 10-em x 16-in. cols. ; avg. 20 pp. offset (Goss Community web offset, 1969) $F2 p. s . c . i . Managing Editor: John Moses Associate Editor: John A. Vile Editorial Consultant: L. G. Usher Advertising Manager: David Evans Sports Editor: Eliki Rabuka 24

Reporters: Matt Wilson, chief reporter; Stan Ritova, deputy chief reporter; Vijendra Kumar, Lautoka chief reporter; A. Padarath; L. Thomas; Seona Martin; A. Apted; B. Wendt; A. Singh Special Writers: Matt Wilson, politics; Robert KeithReid, commerce and shipping; Seona Martin, welfare and education Sub-editors: Bruce Walkley, chief; Leigh Martin, Geoff Taylor AAP-Reuter

Fiji Samachar The Indian Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd. P. O. Box 151, Suva, Fiji 1923 weekly; 4,000 circ. Hindi; $F2.50 per annum 10 x 15 in.; avg. 12 pp. letterpress (Waite & Saville 2 Rev.) $F40 per full pg. Editor-Publisher: S. M. Bidesi J r . Assistant Editors: N. P . Gandhi, C.D. Singh Advertising Manager: N. P . Gandhi Reporters: N. P. Gandhi, chief reporter Government offices, UN agencies

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Fiji Sport Fiji Times & Herald, Ltd. P . O . Box 1167, Suva, Fiji June 1970 monthly; 10,200 circ. English; $Fl per annum six 10-em x 16-in. cols.; avg. 20 pp. offset (Goss Community web offset, 1969) $F2.00 p . s . c . i . Editor: John Moses Advertising Manager: David A. Evans Reporter: Jack Naidu Special Writers: Vijendra Kumar, soccer, boxing; Eliki Rabuka, rugby, boxing; Ruth Lechte, women; Robert Keith-Reid, boating correspondents in Tonga, Australia, and New Zealand; contributors in other Pacific territories; London Newspaper syndication services

Jagriti Pacific Periodicals, Ltd. P . O . Box 9, Nadi, Fiji 1951 triweekly; 5,500 circ.

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Hindi; $F0.36 mo. four 2-1/2 in. x 13-1/2 in. cols.; avg. 8-12 pp. letterpress $F0. 80 p. s . c . i . Publisher: Pacific Periodicals, Ltd. Editor: A. A. Awasthi NAFENS

Jai Fiji Jai Fiji Publications P . O . Box 109, Lautoka, Fiji February 1959 weekly; 7, 800 circ. Hindi; $F3. 60 per annum 9-1/4 x 13 in. ; avg. 16-20 pp. letterpress (1935 model, 20 x 30); printed by R. K. Singh na Editor-Publisher: K . P . Mishra Assistant Editor: H.K. Gaunder Advertising Manager: H. K. Gaunder Other Editors: D.K. Verma, sub-editor Government offices, special correspondents

Nai Lalakai Fiji Times & Herald, Ltd. 27

P . O . Box 1167, Suva, Fiji 1962 weekly; 9,700 circ. Fijian; $F3. 70 per annum six 10-em x 16-in. cols. ; avg. 12 pp. offset (Goss Community web offset, 1969) $F1.30 p . s . c . i . Publisher: L. G. Usher Editor: Luke Vuidreketi Advertising Manager: David Evans AAP-Reuter

News From Fiji Government of Fiji Government Buildings, Suva, Fiji 1947 weekly; 900 circ. English; f r e e 8 x 11-1/2 in. ; avg. 6 pp. offset no advertising Publisher: Public Relations Office, Government of Fiji Editor: Public Relations Office staff

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Pacific Review Pacific Daily (Fiji) Ltd. P. O. Box 1360, Suva, Fiji 1949 weekly; 3,500 circ. English; $F3 per annum five 2-in. x 16-in. cols.; avg. 8 pp. letterpress $F0. 80 p . s . c . i . Publisher: Pacific Daily (Fiji) Ltd. Editor: P. Gaundar Assistant Editor: Apinisa Nawalo

Radio Preview Polygon Publications, Ltd. P. O. Box 1030, Suva, Fiji January 1968 monthly; 6,000 circ. English; $Fl per annum four 10-em x 9-3/4 in. cols. ; avg. 56 pp. plus cover offset (Goss Community web offset, 1969); printed by Fiji Times & Herald, Ltd. $Fl. 80 p . s . c . i . Editor-Publisher: John Sachs Advertising Manager: Francis M. Chand

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Special Writers: Frank Tinsley, sports; V. Sharma, general; H. Allen, women; Wilson Fong, fashion; David A. Evans, motoring; K. King, N. Z. features; T. Sukul, young world; J . O'Sullivan, comment

Shanti Put Fiji Times & Herald, Ltd. P.O. Box 1167, Suva, Fiji 1935 weekly; 7, 780 circ. Hindi; $F3. 70 per annum six 2-in. x 16-in. cols.; avg. 16 pp. offset (Goss Community web offset, 1969) $Fl. 20 p . s . c . i . Editor: Gurudayal Sharma Advertising Manager: David Evans

Volagauna Oceania Printers, Ltd. P. O. Box 597, Suva, Fiji 1951 weekly; 12,500 circ. Fijian; $F3 per annum six 10-em x 16-in. cols.; avg. 12 pp.

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offset (SORD Heidelberg, 1971) $Fl p . s . c . i . Publisher: G. N. Dean Editor: D. N. Tonawai Advertising Manager: G. N. Dean Government offices, UN agencies, BBC press bulletin

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FRENCH POLYNESIA French Polynesia is an overseas territory of France consisting of about 130 islands and atolls, including the Society Islands, the Marquesas Islands, the Tuamoto Archipelago, the Gambier Islands, and the Tubuai (Austral) Islands. Land area: 1,544 sq. mi. Capital: Papeete (pop. 24, 000) on Tahiti. Population: 110, 000 (1970 est. ). Currency: Franc Comptoir Français du Pacifique.

La Depeche de Tahiti Société Polynésienne de P r e s s e P . O . Box 50, Papeete, Tahiti August 2, 1964 daily ex. Sunday; 4,500 c i r c . French; Fr450 mo. 33 x 45 cm. ; avg. 16 pp. offset (Marinoni) Fr8 p. s. s . c . Publisher: Phillippe Mazellier Managing Editor: Michel Anglade Advertising Manager: Henri Lent Other editors: Dominique Morel, Michel Ferrand Reporters: Francois Nanai; Jacques Flamant. (Raiatea Island) Special writers: Andre Laurens, political views of France

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AFP

Le Journal de Tahiti Société Anonyme de l'Imprimerie de Tahiti P . O . Box 600, Papeete, Tahiti March 1, 1963 daily ex. Sunday; 4,500 c i r c . French; Fr400 mo. 38 x 27 cm. ; avg. 20 pp. offset (Marinoni) Fr50 p. s . c . c . Editor-Publisher: Michel Lefevre Other Editors: Claude Marere, Jean-Claude Celhay Advertising Manager: Micheline Lefevre Reporters: Andre Nouet AFP

Les Nouvelles de Tahiti P . O . Box 629, Papeete, Tahiti 1957 daily ex. Sunday; 1,200 circ. French; Fr450 mo. 38 x 27 c m . ; avg. 20 pp. offset

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na Publisher: Roger Brissaud Editor: Jean Paul Perea

Tahiti Bulletin P . O . Box 912, Papeete, Tahiti March 2, 1967 five times per wk. ; 1, 000 circ. English (94%), French (6%); f r e e tabloid; avg. 20 pp. offset; printed by Journal de Tahiti Fr3 p. s. c. c. Publisher: Vera Kirkwood Boyack Editor: James Boyack Managing Editor: Al Prince Advertising Manager: James Boyack

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GILBERT AND ELLICE ISLANDS

The Gilbert and Ellice Islands are a British crown colony located in the central Pacific. The colony consists of 37 islands and atolls in the Gilbert, Ellice, Phoenix, and Line groups plus Ocean Island. Land area: 369 sq. mi. Capital: Bairiki Island in the Tarawa Atoll (1967 est. pop. 8,750). Population: 60, 000 (1970 e s t . ) . Currency: Australian dollar.

Atoll Pioneer Information Department, Gilbert & Ellice Islands Colony P . O . Box 76, Bairiki, Tarawa, Gilbert & Ellice Islands 1972 (incorporating Colony Information Notes, estab. 1956) weekly; 2,500 circ. English; f r e e (postage only overseas) 8-1/2 X 13 in. ; avg. 12 pp. offset (Rotaprint R30/90); printed by Government Printing Works $10 per full pg. ; $6 per half pg. Editor-Publisher: John Smallwood (senior information officer) Assistant Editor: Timai Tekaai Reporters: T. Greig, T. Mwemwenikeaki, N. Uatioa, M. Makua, T. Alefio

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Central Office of Information, London; locai correspondents; exchange publications

Tero Information Department, Gilbert & Ellice Islands Colony P.O. Box 76, Bairiki, Tarawa, Gilbert & Ellice Islands 1956 biweekly; 1,800 circ. Gilbertese; free (postage only overseas) 8-1/2 X 13 in.; avg. 12 pp. offset (Rotaprint R30/90); printed by Government Printing Works $6 per full pg. Publisher: John Smallwood (senior information officer) Editor: K. Momo Reporters: T. Greig, T. Mwemwenikeaki, N. Uatioa, M. Makua Central Office of Information, London; local correspondents; exchange publications

Valo Information Department, Gilbert & Ellice Islands Colony P.O. Box 76, Bairiki, Tarawa, Gilbert & Ellice Islands

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biweekly; 500 circ. Ellice; f r e e (postage only overseas) 8-1/2 x 13 in. ; avg. 12 pp. offset (Rotaprint R30/90); printed by Government Printing Works $3 per full pg. Publisher: John Smallwood (senior information officer) Editor: T. Luaseuta Reporters: T. Greig, T. Mwemwenikeaki N. Uatioa, M. Makua, T. Alefio Central Office of Information, London; local correspondents; exchange publications

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GUAM Guam, the southernmost island of the Mariana group, is an unincorporated territory of the United States administered by the Department of the Interior through a popularly elected governor. Land area: 212 sq. mi. Capital: Agana. Population: 86,926 (1970). Currency: dollar (U.S.).

Pacific Daily News Guam Publications, Inc. (Member Gannett Group) P . O. Box DN, Agana, Guam 96910 February 2, 1970 daily (a.m.); 17,454 circ. English; US$3.10 mo. five 12-pica x 16-in. cols.; avg. 32 pp. offset (Goss) US$4.20 p . s . c . i . Publisher: Robert E. Udick Editor: Joseph C. Murphy Managing Editor: John Walter Advertising Manager: Josephine Concepcion Business Editor: Martha Ruth Sports Editor: Dan Gibson Women's Editor: Linda Kauss Reporters: Janet Go, Margery Clapp, Patsy Harrison, Jake Skjvaril

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Special Writers: Mike Malone, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands UPI, AP, N.Y. Times Service, Washington Post-Los Angeles Times Service

Pacific Dateiine Guam Publications, Inc. (Member Gannett Group) P . O . BoxEN, Agana, Guam 96910 July 7, 1970 daily (p.m.) ex. Saturday; 1,983 circ. English; US$2. 70 mo. five 12-pica x 16-in. cols.; avg. 16 pp. offset (Goss) US$4.20 p. s . c . i . Publisher: Robert E. Udick Editor: Robert S. Buker Advertising Manager: Josephine Concepcion Reporters: Roy Zacharais, Cynthia P e r r y UPI, AP, N.Y. Times Service, Washington Post-Los Angeles Times Service

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NAURU The island of Nauru is an independent republic located at about 168 degrees west longitude 32 miles south of the equator. Land area: 8.22 sq. mi. Capital: Nauru. Population: 6,516 (1969 est. ). Currency: Australian dollar.

Bulletin Republic of Nauru Government Nauru Island November 1965 biweekly; 950 circ. English; free foolscap; avg. 12 pp. offset (Multilith 1250); printed by Government Printer no advertising Publisher: Government of Nauru Editor: Peter J. Kelly exchange publications

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NEW CALEDONIA

New Caledonia is an overseas territory of France and includes in addition to the island of New Caledonia the dependencies of Ile des Pins, the Loyalty Islands, He Huon, lies Belep, lies Chesterfield, and lie Walpole. Land area: 8, 548 sq. mi. Capital: Noumea (pop. 50,000). Population: 109,400 (1970 e s t . ) . Currency: Franc Comptoir Français du Pacifique.

La France Australe Société Calédonienne d'Editions P . O . Box 25, Noumea, New Caledonia 1889 daily; 8,000 circ. French; Fr5,400 per annum 40 x 25 cm. ; avg. 16-24 pp. offset (rotative Cottrel) Frl20 p . s . c . c . Publisher: Société Calédonienne d'Editions General Manager: Michel Gerard Editor: Jean Brune Advertising Manager: Eugene Bizeul Other Editors: Bernard Villechalane, William Balalud, Jacques Tournouer, Genevieve Salanie, Jean-Noel Feraud, Jean Gottvalles, Michel Quemener, Patrick Royer

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Sports Editor: Alain Girold Reporter-Photographers: Rene Franks, Rene Sintes

La France Australe Dimanche Société Calédonienne d'Editions P. O. Box 25, Noumea, New Caledonia 1969 weekly; 3,500 circ. French; Fr900 per annum 40 x 25 cm. ; avg. 16 pp. offset Frl20 p. s. c. c. Publisher: Société Calédonienne d'Editions General Manager: Michel Gerard Editor: Jean Brune Advertising Manager: Eugene Bizeul Other Editors: Bernard Villechalane, William Balalud, Jacques Tournouer, Genevieve Salanie, Jean-Noel Feraud, Jean Gottvalles, Michel Quemener, Patrick Royer Sports Editor: Alain Girold Reporter-Photographers: Rene Franks, Rene Sintes

Le Journal Calédonien P. O. Box 944, Noumea, New Caledonia

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1964 weekly; 7,000 circ. French; na five 35 cm. cols.; avg. 32 pp. offset Frl50 p. s. c. c. Editor-Manager: Yves E. Tissandier AFP, UPI

Noumea Beach P r e s s P . O . Box 336, Noumea, New Caledonia February 1972 monthly; 3,000-5,000 circ. English, French; f r e e (postage overseas) 12 x 22 in. ; avg. 8-16 pp. offset; printed by Société Calédonienne d'Editions US$1 p. s. c. c. Editor-Publisher: Rene G. Boyer Managing Editor: Mme. S. Chegare Advertising Manager: Rene G. Boyer Reporter: Mme. G. Deleraison Special Writer: Mrs. R. Catala-Stucki, aquarium

Noumea-Soir (Le Bulletin du Commerce) Société de P r e s s e et Impressions Calédoniennes 43

P . O . Box 39, Noumea, New Caledonia 1899 daily (p.m.); 4,000 circ. French; Fr5,400 per annum 40 x 25 cm. ; avg. 16 pp. offset; printed by Société Calédonienne d'Editions Frl20 p. s.c.c. Publisher: Société de P r e s s e et Impressions Calédoniennes General Manager: Andre Legras Editor: Andre Thuillier Other Editors: Jacques Meallet, Christian Negre, Anne Lardry, Remy Donneger Reporter-Photographer: Herve Renneteau AFP

Sud Pacific Société Calédonienne d'Editions P . O . Box 25, Noumea, New Caledonia 1958 monthly; 3,500 circ. French; FrlOO per copy 31 x 24 cm. ; avg. 64 pp. offset Frl5,000 per full pg. ; Fr8,000 per half pg. Publisher: Société Calédonienne d'Editions General Manager: Michel Gerard Editor: Jean Brune Advertising Manager: Eugene Bizeul 44

Other Editors: Bernard Villechalane, William Balalud, Jacques Tournouer, Genevieve Salanie, Jean-Noel Feraud, Jean Gottvalles, Michel Quemener, Patrick Royer Reporter-Photographers: Rene Franks, Rene Sintes

La Voix du Cagou P.O. Box 139, Noumea, New Caledonia weekly; circ. na French; Frl, 500 per annum five 5 x 35 cm. cols. ; avg. 24 pp. offset; printed by l'Imprimerie I. C . P . na Publisher: Alain Bernut

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NEW HEBRIDES The New Hebrides group is a chain of 13 large and about 70 small islands extending southward from 13 degrees south latitude between the 166th and 170th meridians. The group is a condominium administered through resident commissioners by a French High Commissioner, who is also governor of New Caledonia, and by the British High Commissioner for the Western Pacific. Land area: 5, 700 sq. mi. Capital: Vila on Efate. Population: 89, 031 (1972 e s t . ) . Currency: Australian dollar and New Hebrides franc.

British Newsletter Information Department, British Residency Vila, New Hebrides 1965 biweekly; 2,500 circ. English (65%), Pidgin (35%); f r e e in New Hebrides ($A5 per annum overseas) 8-1/4 x 11-3/4 in. ; avg. 10 pp. offset (Rotaprint 30/80 or 60/80); printed by British National Service Printery $A0.25 per column-line (small ads only) Publisher: British National Service Editor: A. R. Worner (Information Officer) Central Office of Information, London 46

Bulletin d'Information French Residency P . O . Box 71, Vila, New Hebrides weekly; 1,400 circ. French; $5 per annum (overseas) 8-1/4 x 11-3/4 in.; avg. 14 pp. offset Publisher: French Residency Editor: C. Lassalas

Bulletin d'Information French Residency P . O. Box 71, Vila, New Hebrides monthly; 1,100 circ. pidgin (Bislama) 8-1/4 x 11-3/4 in. offset Publisher: French Residency Editor: C. Lassalas

Nakamal Ste. Pen Nakamal P . O . Box 28, Port-Vila, New Hebrides June 1971 47

semimonthly; 600 circ. French (50%); English (50%); Fr440 per annum 21 x 27 cm. ; avg. 34 pp. offset (Heidelberg-Cora, 1968); printed by Imprimerie Hebridaise, Port-Vila $A60 per pg. Editor-Publisher: Jean-Eudes Barbier

New Hebridean Viewpoints New Hebrides National Party Longana Post Office, Lolowai, Aoba, New Hebrides August 1971 bimonthly; 500 circ. English (96%), Bislama (3%), French (1%) quarto; avg. 14 pp. mimeograph (Gestetner); printed by Diocese of Melanesia, Lolowai, Aoba no advertising Publisher: New Hebrides National Party Editor: Walter Hadye Lini Other Editors: Derek Rawcliffe, general adviser

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NIUE Niue is a territory of New Zealand and is located about 700 miles west of Rarotonga in the Cook Islands. Land area: 100 sq. mi. Administrative center: Alofi. Population: 5,300. Currency: New Zealand dollar.

Tohi Tala Niue Government of Niue P.O. Box 43, Alofi, Niue Island October 1953 weekly; 1,200 circ. Niuean, English; $N25 per annum 8-1/2 x 11 in.; avg. 10 pp. offset (Multilith 1250, 1972) $N0.20 p . s . c . i . Publisher: Community Development Office, Government of Niue Editor: D.T. Evans Assistant Editor: T . P . Talagi

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NORFOLK ISLAND

Norfolk Island is an external t e r r i t o r y of Australia located about halfway between New Caledonia and New Zealand. Land area: 15 sq. mi Population: 1, 400 (1969 e s t . ). Currency: A u s t r a lian d o l l a r .

The Norfolk Islander Greenways P r e s s P . O. Box 150, Norfolk Island, South Pacific 2899 August 6, 1965 weekly; 1, 050 c i r c . English; $A0.40 mo. ($A0.90 o v e r s e a s ) foolscap; avg. 36 pp. l e t t e r p r e s s (Vertical Miehle 1930), offset (Gestetner 2000), and mimeograph (Gestetner Duplicator) $A12.50 p e r full page Editor-Publisher: Tom Lloyd Assistant Editor: M r s . " T i m " Lloyd

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PAPUA NEW GUINEA Papua New Guinea is an external territory of Australia. Papua includes the southeast quarter of New Guinea plus the Trobriand, Woodlark, D'Entrecasteaux, and Louisiade island groups, an area of 90, 540 sq. mi. with a population of 670,000 (1970 e s t . ) . The United Nations Trust Territory of New Guinea includes the northeast quarter of New Guinea plus the northern Solomon Islands and the Bismarck Archipelago, an area of 93, 000 sq. mi. with a population of 1, 750,000 (1970 e s t . ) . Capital: Port Moresby (pop. 50,000). Currency: Australian dollar.

Launuat - Lagas ai Department of Social Development and Home Affairs P . O . Box 169, Kavieng, New Ireland, Papua New Guinea January 1972 bimonthly; 2,000 circ. Pidgin; f r e e 8 x 10 in. ; avg. 10 pp. offset; printed by M.S.C. Catholic Mission, Kavieng no advertising Publisher: Department of Social Development and Home Affairs, Government of Papua New Guinea

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Editor: M. J . Cobern (Community Development Officer) Reporters: Community Development Staff exchange publications

Nius Bilong Yumi Department of Information and Extension Services P.O. Box 2312, Konedobu, Papua New Guinea semimonthly (15th and 30th); 14,700 circ. Pidgin; free 8-1/2 x 11 in.; avg. 16 pp. offset (Goss web offset, 1968); printed in Government Printing Office, Port Moresby no advertising Publisher: Department of Information and Extension Services Editor: Evelyn Beverley Administration information service; AAP via ABC Network; exchange publications

Our News Department of Information and Extension Services P.O. Box 2312, Konedobu, Papua New Guinea 1959 semimonthly (15th and 30th); 26,950 circ. English; free

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8-1/2 x 11 in. ; avg. 16 pp. offset (Goss web offset, 1968); printed in Government Printing Office, Port Moresby no advertising Publisher: Department of Information and Extension Services Editor: Evelyn Beverley Administration information service; AAP via ABC Network; exchange publications

Papua New Guinea Post-Courier South Pacific Post Pty., Ltd. P.O. Box 85, Port Moresby, Territory of Papua New Guinea Established as South Pacific Post September 1950; Post-Courier June 30, 1969 five times per wk.; 16,000 circ. English; $A39 per annum ($A57.20 overseas) seven 9-em x 15-inch cols.; avg. 28 pp., Mon. Thurs., 56 pp. Fri. letterpress (4 unit Goss rotary) $A2.25 p. s . c . i . Publisher: John Alexander Fitzgerald Editor: John S. Pinkstone Managing Editor: John Alexander Fitzgerald Other Editors: Graeme Boyd, chief sub-editor Reporters: Aloysius Aita, Tarcissius Bobola, Pauline Bona, James Hall, Charles Cepulis, Anthony Crane,

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Biga Lebasi, Peter Pappas, Richard Pearson, Graham Robinson, Austin Sapias, Anthony Underwood, Margaret Wilson Special Writers: James O'Brien, political writer (newspaper); Jack K. McCarthy, feature writer (magazine) Photographic Staff: Denis Williams, Philip Arau, Tony Wegono AAP, Melbourne Herald resources

Wantok Wantok Publications, Inc. P . O . Box 298, Wewak, New Guinea Aug. 5, 1970 biweekly; 5,000 circ. Pidgin; $A4 per annum 9 x 12-1/2 in.; avg. 16-20 pp. offset (Heidelberg KORD); printed by Wirui P r e s s $A2 p. s. c. i. Publisher: Wantok Publications, Inc. Editor: Rev. Francis Mihalic Advertising Manager: Agnes Bray

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PITCAIRN ISLAND Pitcairn is a British colony consisting of four islands, Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno, of which only Pitcairn (2 sq. mi. ) is inhabited. The district is administered from Auckland, New Zealand. Land area: 18.5 sq. mi. Population: 84.

Pitcairn Island Miscellany Pitcairn Island April 16, 1959 monthly; 650 circ. English; US$1.50 per annum 8-1/4 x 13-1/4 in. ; avg. 4 pp. mimeograph no advertising Editor-Publisher: Garth Harraway (Education Officer)

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TONGA Tonga is an independent kingdom of some 200 islands in the Vava'u, Ha'a Pai, and Tongatapu groups. Land area: 270 sq. mi. Capital: Nuku'alofa on Tongatapu Island. Population: 90,000 (1970 est.). Currency: paanga.

Ko e Kalonikali Tonga Government of Tonga P.O. Box 197, Nuku'alofa, Tonga 1964 weekly; 3, 700 circ. Tongan; 3 cents each five 9-em x 13-1/2 in. cols.; avg. 10 pp. letterpress (Heidelberg flatbed); printed by Government Printer $.50 p. s . c . i . Publisher: Government of Tonga Acting Editor: Siosiua Fonua Reporters: Paua Manu'atu, chief; Hopoate Moengangongo

Tonga Chronicle Government of Tonga

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P.O. Box 197, Nukualofa, Tonga 1964 weekly; 900 circ. English; 3 cents each five 9-em x 13-1/2 in. cols.; avg. 10 pp. letterpress (Heidelberg flatbed); printed by Government Printer $. 50 p. s. c. i. Publisher: Government of Tonga Acting Editor: Siosua Fonua Reporters: Paua Manu'atu, chief; Hopoate Moengangongo

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TRUST TERRITORY of the PACIFIC ISLANDS

The Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands is a United Nations trusteeship administered by the United States. The territory consists of more than 2, 000 islands and atolls, about 100 of them inhabited, spread over more than three million square miles of the western Pacific area known as Micronesia. The territory includes the Mariana, Caroline, and Marshall islands. Land area: 717 sq. mi. Administrative center: Saipan in the Mariana Islands. Population: 114,645 (1972). Currency: dollar (U. S.).

Highlights Trust Territory Government Saipan, Mariana Islands 96950 1966 semimonthly (1st and 15th); 9,700 circ. English; free 8-1/2 x 11 in. ; avg. 8-12 pp. offset (Multilith 17 x 22, 1970); printed by Government Publications Division no advertising Publisher: Public Information Division, Trust Territory Government Editor: Jim Manke (Chief, Public Information Division) Assistant Editor: Patrick Mangar

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Marianas Variety Younis Art Studio P . O . Box 822, Saipan, Mariana Islands 96950 March 16, 1972 weekly; 1,400 c i r c . English (80%), Chamorro (20%); US$13 per annum four 2-1/4 x 12 in. cols.; avg. 12 pp. offset (A.B. Dick 320, 1971; A. B. Dick 360, 1963) US$1.50 p . s . c . i . Publishers: Abed and Paz Castro Younis Editors: Abed Younis, Diane Maddex Advertising Manager: Abed Younis Special Writers: Paz Castro Younis, consumer affairs; Sisan Suda, investigative reporter; Tom Sheehan, columnist.

Micronesian Reporter Trust Territory Government Saipan, Mariana Islands 96950 Estab. November 1951 as Micronesian Monthly, March-April 1956 as Micronesian Reporter quarterly; 5,100 circ. English; US$2. 50 per annum (US$4 by air) 8-1/2 x 11 in.; avg. 44 pp. offset; printed by Navy Printing and Publications

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Office, Agana, Guam no advertising Publisher: Public Information Division, Trust Territory Government Editor: Jim Manke (Chief, Public Information Division)

Micronitor Micronitor News and Publishing Co. Majuro, Marshall Islands 96960 na weekly; 1, 800 circ. English, Marshallese, Trukese; US$13 per annum 10-3/4 x 14 in.; avg. 12 pp. offset na Publisher: Takaji Abo Editors: Joe Murphy, Majuro; Henry Asugar, Truk; Derson Ramon, Ponape Production Editor: Ann Haymaker AP, UPI, MNS, exchange publications

Senyavin Times Ponape Community Action Agency P . O . Box 400, Ponape, Eastern Caroline Islands 96941 1961

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biweekly; 500 circ. English, Ponapean; free 8 x 11 in. ; avg. 4 pp. offset; printed by Education Department no advertising Publisher: Ponape Community Action Agency Editor: Deniong D. Jack MNS

Tia Belau Tia Belau P.O. Box 569, Koror, Palau 96940 June 28, 1972 biweekly; 1,000 circ. Palauan (80%), English (20%); US$10 per annum 8-1/2 X 13 in. ; avg. 10 pp. offset; printed by Guam Publications, Inc. US$60 per full pg. Editor-Publisher: Moses Uludong Other Editors: Gilbert U. Demei, artist and contributor Special Writers: Francisco Uludong, volunteer writer and columnist Typists: Gloria Gibbons, Toshie Keldermans AP, UPI, MNS, exchange publications

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WESTERN SAMOA Western Samoa is an independent state consisting of nine islands located at about 173 degrees west longitude and 13 degrees south latitude. Only four of the nine, Savii, Upolu, Manono, and Apolima, are inhabited. Land area: 1,097 sq. mi. Capital: Apia (pop. 29,499). Population: 140, 000 (1970 est. ). Currency: tala.

Apia Beach P r e s s Islands Media and General Enterprises, Ltd. P . O. Box 561, Apia, Western Samoa April 1, 1972 monthly; 4,000 circ. English; f r e e six 10-em x 16 in. cols. ; avg. 12 pp. offset (MGD Duplicator); printed by The Transpac Corp. $WS1.20 p. s . c . i . Editor-Publisher: Peter R. Creevey Advertising Manager: Lagi Creevey

Samoa Times Samoa Times Co., Ltd.

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P. O. Box 1160, Apia, Western Samoa May 16, 1967 weekly; 5,000 circ. Samoan (50%), English (50%); $WS3 per annum six 10-em x 16 in. cols.; avg. 12 pp. offset (Heidelberg KORA, 18 x 23, 1966); printed by Samoa Printing and Publishing Co. na Publisher: Samoa Times Co., Ltd. Editor: Faalogo Pito Faalogo Advertising Manager: Lagi Leavai Reporters:

Felise Vaa

government agencies, Fiji Times (by arrangement)

Savali Prime Minister's Dept., Government of Western Samoa P.O. Box 193, Apia, Western Samoa September 1, 1905 biweekly; 6,500 circ. Samoan (75%), English (25%); free four 2 in. x 11-1/2 in. cols.; 8 to 40 pp. letterpress and offset; printed by Government Printer 1 cent per word (accepts ads related to village and communal matters only) Publisher: Public Relations Div., Prime

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Minister's Dept. Editor: Kalati Mose Reporters: L. Fua, F. Leiataua, L. Uele, A. Mafuolo

South Sea Star P . O . Box 42, Apia, Western Samoa April 28, 1971 weekly; 3,000 circ. Samoan, English; na 11-1/4 x 17 in. ; avg. 14 pp. offset; printed by Samoa Printing and Publishing Co. $WS0.90 per sq. in. Editor-Managing Director: Leota Pita Alailima Editor (Samoan): Rev. Pouvi Sua Editor (English): Stan Figiel Advertising Manager: Juno Molio'o Laban Reporter: Poloma Etenati

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APPENDIX A

Island-Related Publications Issued From Australia

New Guinea and Australia, the Pacific and South-east Asia (quarterly journal) Council on New Guinea Affairs Room 29, 6th Floor 136 Pitt St. Sydney, N.S.W. Australia Editor: Peter Hastings Pacific Islands Monthly (monthly magazine) Pacific Publications (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. G . P . O . Box 3408 Sydney, N.S.W. Australia 2001 Editor-Publisher: Stuart Inder Pacific Islands Trade News (weekly) G . P . O . Box 1552 Sydney, N.S.W. Australia 2001 Director-Managing Editor: Cyril S. Wyndham

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South Pacific Bulletin (quarterly magazine— published for the South Pacific Commission, P . O . Box 9, Noumea, New Caledonia) South Pacific Commission Publications Bureau Box 306 Haymarket, N.S.W. Australia 2000 Editor: C . E . Birchmeier

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APPENDIX B Newspapers and Magazines in Hawaii Beacon (monthly magazine, English) Koko-Hala Publishing Co., Inc. 537 Ahui St. Honolulu, Hawaii Publisher: Madeline Sturgis Economic Salon (monthly magazine, English and Japanese) Economic Salon, Ltd. 819 South Beretania St. Honolulu, Hawaii Editor-Publisher: Hideaki Miyake The Garden Island (semiweekly, English) Kauai Publishing Co. Lihue, Kauai Hawaii Publisher: John M. Uyeno Editor: Jean Homes

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Hawaii Business (monthly magazine, English) Hawaii Business Publishing Co. 825 Keeaumoku St. Honolulu, Hawaii President: Ethel Murphy Editor-Publisher: Kim Jacobsen

Hawaii Herald (weekly, English) Hawaii Hochi, Ltd. 917 Kokea St. Honolulu, Hawaii President: Paul Yempuku Editor: James G. Brown Hawaii Hochi (daily ex. Sunday—p. m. —English and Japanese) Hawaii Hochi, Ltd. 917 Kokea St. Honolulu, Hawaii President: Paul Yempuku Executive Editor: Takeshi Fujikawa Hawaii Observer (biweekly, English) Hawaii Observer Corp. 835 Keeaumoku St., Rm. 203 Honolulu, Hawaii Editor-Publisher: Tuck Newport

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Hawaii Times (daily ex. Sunday—p. m. —English and Japanese) The Hawaii Times, Ltd. 916 Nuuanu Ave. Honolulu, Hawaii Publisher: Miya Soga General Manager: Roy K. Soga Editor: Ryokin Toyohira Hawaii Tourist News (weekly, English) Hawaii Tourist News, Inc. 575 Cooke St. Honolulu, Hawaii Publisher: F.W. &M.H. Stone Editor: Marjorie Stone Hawaiian Travel News (monthly, English) Stone Publishing Corp. 575 Cooke St. Honolulu, Hawaii Publisher: F. W. Stone Editor: Marjorie Stone Hawaii Tribune-Herald (daily ex. Saturday—p.m.— English) Hawaii Tribune-Herald, Ltd. Box 767 Hilo, Hawaii

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General Manager: Jim D. Wilson Editor: Raymond Yuen Honolulu (monthly magazine, English) Paradise Publishing P . O . Box 80 Honolulu, Hawaii Publisher: Joe L. Mrantz Editors: David & Cynthia Eyre Honolulu Advertiser (daily—a. m. —English) Advertiser Publishing Co., Ltd. 605 Kapiolani Blvd. Honolulu, Hawaii Publisher: Thurston Twigg-Smith Editor-in-Chief: George Chaplin Executive Editor: Buck Buchwach Honolulu Star-Bulletin (daily—p.m. —English) Gannett Pacific Corp. 605 Kapiolani Blvd. Honolulu, Hawaii Publisher: John A. Scott Editor: A.A. Smyser Executive Editor: Hobert Duncan Ka'u News (bimonthly, English) Ka'u News

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P.O. Box 726 Pahala, Hawaii Editor: Thomas T. Takimoto Korean Pacific Weekly (weekly, Korean) Korean Pacific Weekly 931 North King St. Honolulu, Hawaii Publisher: Dongji Hoe Editor: Donald Chung Won Kim Lahaina Sun (weekly, English) Yellow Submarine Press P.O. Box 938 Lahaina, Maui Hawaii Editor: Don Graydon The Maui News (triweekly, English) Maui Publishing Co., Ltd. Wailuku, Maui Hawaii Publisher: J. Walter Cameron Executive Editor: William O. Paine New China Daily Press (daily ex. Sunday—a. m. — Chinese)

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Sun Chung Kwock Bo, Ltd. 1124 Smith St. Honolulu, Hawaii President: Hung Lum Chun Manager: Jessie L. Pang Editor: Yick Kam Leong Pacific Business News (weekly, English) Crossroads Press, Inc. 863 Halekauwila St. Honolulu, Hawaii Publisher: George Mason Editor: John D. Ramsey The Pacific Courier (semimonthly, English) Pacific Courier 15 South King Street Honolulu, Hawaii Managing Editor: Raymond A. Bartolome Associate Editors: Tony Bermudez, Chito Camonayan Sun Press (weekly, English) Honolulu Sun Press Leeward Sun Press Military Sun Press

Hawaii Kai Sun Press Wahiawa Sun Press Windward Sun Press

Community Publications, Inc. 148 Hekili Street Kailua, Hawaii 72

Publisher: Richard F. Dickey General Manager: William H. Creamer Managing Editor: Peter Wolf

United Chinese P r e s s (daily ex. Sunday, Chinese) United Chinese P r e s s , Ltd. 170 North King St. Honolulu, Hawaii Editor: Kam Fui Waikiki Beach P r e s s (semiweekly, English) Hawaii P r e s s Newspapers, Inc. 777 Ala Moana Blvd. Honolulu, Hawaii Publisher: Gerald P . Fisher Editor: Ella Chun West Hawaii Today (weekly, English) West Hawaii Today Box D Kealakekua, Hawaii General Manager: Paul Nishimuta Editor: Don Eggerman

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APPENDIX C News Services in the Pacific Islands

Micronesian News Service Public Information Division Office of the High Commissioner Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands Saipan, Mariana Islands 96950 Cable Address: HICOTT SAIPAN Micronesian News Service (MNS) provides a daily news release service for distribution by the Trust Territory Public Information Division via radio teletype to Trust Territory district offices for broadcast on the six Territorial government radio stations, to U.S. Government agencies in Washington, and to Trust Territory liaison offices. The service is distributed by air mail to news media in the Pacific Islands. A recorded summary of Trust Territory news is distributed weekly for broadcast within and outside the Territory.

South Pacific Area News Service 16 Marks Lane P. O. Box 826 Suva, Fiji Cable Address: SPANS SUVA

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South Pacific Area News Service (SPANS) supplies news of the Southwest Pacific (excluding Australia and New Zealand) to business, trade, and general publications throughout the world. The service provides a monthly newsletter, "Travelgram", for subscribers and accepts assignments on request. Collect facilities are required for cable copy.

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APPENDIX D

Addenda and Late Information Perhaps the newest newspaper in the Pacific Islands made its f i r s t appearance shortly after the completion of the body of this directory. It is I Gaseta, a weekly in Chamorro and English, published at Saipan in the Mariana Islands. The first issues appeared in March with a circulation of 300. I Gaseta is published and edited by Victor M. C. Pangelinan. Another new publication is the Samoa Scene, published by the Office of Samoan Information in American Samoa. It is a semimonthly, and started in early 1973. Information about the publication came too late for inclusion in the main body of this directory. The Samoa News in Pago Pago planned to convert from weekly to semiweekly publication at the time this directory was scheduled to go to p r e s s , and it has been listed here as a semiweekly. The newspaper publisher planned to start daily publication beginning in July 1973. The Samoa News was scheduled to acquire a Heidelberg p r e s s in September. The biweekly Palau newspaper, Tia Belau, was forced to shift its operations to Guam in March 1973 by what the paper's publisher described as "political pressure from local Palauan leaders. " At least one issue was published from Guam, and the publisher hoped to continue operating from there. A number of newspapers and magazines not listed in the directory are believed to be publishing,

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but necessary information about them has been difficult to obtain. For example, The Highlands News, a fortnightly published at Mt. Hägen, Papua New Guinea, was called to the attention of the directory's editors, but too little time was available to obtain any further information. Recent issues of several Papua New Guinea publications were seen, but no response was received to questionnaires and correspondence sent to their publishers. These include: New Guinea Bulletin, Focus New Guinea, Inside New Guinea, and United News. The existence of another newspaper, the Bougainville News, was reported, but no response was received to c o r r e spondence. As noted in the preface, this directory has omitted a number of specialized publications. At least two literary magazines, Kovave and New Guinea Writing, are being published in Papua New Guinea. There are also a number of scholarly journals, including The Journal of the Polynesian Society, published at the University of Auckland, New Zealand; Oceania, published at the University of Sydney in Australia; Pacific Viewpoint, published at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand; and The Journal of the Papua and New Guinea Society, published at the University of Papua New Guinea. A number of religious publications appear regularly in the Pacific Islands. Two brought to the attention of the editors are the Melanesian Messenger at Honiara, British Solomon Islands, and Island News at Vila, New Hebrides. The government of Papua New Guinea publishes news of the territorial legislative body quarterly in House of Assembly News and Toktok Bilong Haus ov Asembli. In the Trust Territory of the Pacific 77

Islands, the Congress of Micronesia publishes legislative news in a newsletter issued at irregular intervals. Ed Engledow resigned as Director of the Office of Samoan Information, which publishes the daily News Bulletin. Engledow, who has returned to the United States, served as editor of the News Bulletin. His replacement as director is Susan MacDonald. The Cook Islands News increased its circulation from the 600 listed in the body of the directory to 800, a late report indicates.

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INDEX

American Samoa, 1 - 2 , 5-6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 17, 76 Apia Beach P r e s s , 5, 62 Atoll Pioneer, 35-36

Fiji T i m e s , 4, 10, 12, 14-15, 24-25 Fijian, Newspapers in, 5-6, 27-28, 30-31 Focus New Guinea, 77 Format, 4 France Australe, La, 4, 41-42 France Australe Dimanche, La, 42 French, Newspapers in, 5, 32-34, 41-45, 47-48 French Polynesia (Tahiti), 1, 3, 5, 8-9, 12-15, 32

Beacon, 67 BIMONTHLIES, 7, 48, 51 BIWEEKLIES, 3, 7, 19, 24-25, 36-37, 40, 46, 54, 60-61, 63, 76 Bougainville News, 77 British Newsletter, 46 British Solomon Islands, 5, 9, 10-11, 19, 77 BSI News Sheet, 19 Bulletin (Nauru), 40 Bulletin d'Information, 47 Bulletin du Commerce, Le. See NoumeaSoir

Garden Island, 67 Gilbert and Ellice Islands, 8-9, 35 Gilbertese, Newspapers in, 36 Guam, 2-3, 8, 12, 38, 76

Chamorro, Newspapers in, 6, 59, 76 Chinese, Newspapers in, 71-72 Congress of Micronesia, 78 Cook Islands, 2, 21 Cook Islands News, 21 DAILIES, 3, 7, 17, 21, 32, 34, 38-39, 41, 44, 53-54, 68-72 Depeche de Tahiti, La, 14, 32-33 E a s t e r n Caroline Islands, 60-61 Echo Magazine, 22 Economic Salon, 67 Ellice (Language), Newspapers in, 36-37 English, Newspapers in, 5, 6, 17-24, 26, 2829, 34-35, 38-40, 43-44, 46-50, 52-72 Fiji, 2 - 6 , 8, 10, 12, 14-15, 22 Fiji Beach P r e s s , 5, 22-23 Fiji Holiday, 5, 23 Fiji Nation (Na Tovata), 7, 23 F i j i Film & Photonews, 24 F i j i Samachar, 25 Fiji Sport, 26

Hawaii Business, 68 Hawaii Herald, 68 Hawaii Hochi, 68 Hawaii T i m e s , 68 Hawaii Tourist News, 69 Hawaii Tribune-Herald, 69 Highlands News, 77 Highlights, 58 Hindi, Newspapers in, 6, 25, 26-27, 30 Honolulu, 69 Honolulu A d v e r t i s e r , 69 Honolulu Star-Bulletin, 70 House of Assembly News, 77 Inside New Guinea, 77 Island News, 77 J a g r i t i , 26-27 Jai Fiji, 27 Japanese, Newspapers in, 67, 68 Journal Caledonien, Le, 42 Journal de Tahiti, Le, 33 Journal of the Papua New Guinea Society, 77

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Journal of the Polynesian Society, 77

Pacific Business News, 71 Pacific Daily News, 12, 14, 38-39 Pacific Dateline, 12, 39 Pacific Islands Monthly, 65 Pacific Islands T r a d e News, 65 Pacific Review, 29 Pacific Viewpoint, 77 Pago Beach P r e s s , 5, 18 Palau, 5, 61, 76 Palauan, Newspapers in, 6, 61, 76 Papua New Guinea, 2 - 5 , 8, 11-15, 51, 77 Papua New Guinea P o s t - C o u r i e r , 4, 8, 11-12, 14-15, 53-54 Pidgin, Newspapers in, 5, 20, 46, 47-48, 51-52, 54 Pitcairn Island Miscellany, 9, 55 Ponapean, Newspapers in, 6, 60-61

Kakamora Reporter, 11, 20 Ko e Kalonikali Tonga, 4, 6, 15, 56 Korean, Newspapers in, 70 Korean Pacific Weekly, 70 Kovave, 77 Lahaina Sun, 70 Launuat-Lagasai, 5, 51-52 Maori, Newspapers in, 21 Mariana Islands, 5, 58-59, 76 Marianas Variety, 5, 59 Marshall Islands, 60 Marshallese, Newspapers in, 6, 60 Maui News, 71 Melanesian Messenger, 77 Micronesian News Service, 73 Micronesian Reporter, 59-60 Micronitor, 60 MONTHLIES, 7, 18, 20, 22-23, 26, 29, 43-44, 45, 47, 55, 62, 65, 67-69

QUARTERLIES, 7, 59-60, 65-66 Radio, 1 Radio Preview, 29-30

Nai Lalakai, 27-28 Nakamal, 47-48 Nauru, 2, 9, 40 New Caledonia, 1, 3-5, 12, 41 New China Daily P r e s s , 71 New Guinea and Australia, the Pacific and South-east Asia, 65 New Guinea Bulletin, 77 New Guinea Writing, 77 New Hebridean Viewpoints, 48 New Hebrides, 5, 9, 46, 77 News Bulletin (American Samoa), 12, 17 News From Fiji, 28 News Services, 12, 73 Niue, 6, 8-9, 49 Nius Bilong Yumi, 12, 52 Norfolk Island, 4, 8, 50 Norfolk Islander, 4, 50 Noumea Beach P r e s s , 5, 43-44 Noumea-Soir (Le Bulletin du Commerce), 4, 44

Samoa News, 10, 18 Samoa Scene, 76 Samoa T i m e s , 10, 62-63, 76 Samoan, Newspapers in, 6, 18, 62-63, 64 Savali, 4, 6, 63-64 SEMIMONTHLIES, 3, 7, 22-23, 47-48, 52-53, 58, 76 SEMIWEEKLIES, 18, 67, 72, 76 Senyavin T i m e s , 60-61 Shanti Dut, 30 South Pacific A r e a News Service, 73 South Pacific Bulletin, 66 South Sea Star, 64 Sud Pacific, 44-45 Sun P r e s s , 71 Tahiti Bulletin, 13, 34 Television, 1 Tero, 36 Tia Belau, 5, 61, 76 Tohi Tala Niue, 6, 49 Toktok Bilong Haus ov Asembli, 77 Toktok Bilong Yumi, 52 Tonga, 2, 4, 6, 8-9, 13, 15, 56

Nouvelles de Tahiti, Les, 33-34 Oceania, 77 Our News, 12, 52-53

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Tonga Chronicle, 4, 6, 15, 56-57 Tongan, Newspapers in, 6, 56 TRIWEEKLIES, 3, 7, 26-27, 29, 71 Trukese, Newspapers in, 6, 60 Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, 14, 58, 77-78 United Chinese Press, 72 United News, 77 Vaio, 36-37 Voix du Cagou, La, 7, 45 Volagauna, 30-31 Waikiki Beach Press, 72 Wantok, 54 WEEKLIES, 3, 7, 25, 27-28, 30-31, 35, 42-43, 47, 49-50, 56-57, 59-60, 62-65, 68-72, 76 West Hawaii Today, 72 Western Samoa. 2. 4-6. 8. 10. 62