Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States, to which is added, an appendix, containing the United States Militia Act; together with the Law Organizing the Militia of the State of New York

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REGULATIONS

H

FOR THE

ORDER

and DISCIPLINE OF THE

TROOPS OF THE

UNITED STATES TO WHICH

IS

.

ADDED,

An APPENDIX, CONTAINING THE

UNITED STATES MILITIA ACT TOGETHER WITH THE

LAW

i

ORGANIZING THE MILITIA OF THE STATE OF NEW-YORK, AS NOW AMENDSD. jAn improved l

and accurate

By

Edition,

illuftrated

by Nine new

Copper-Plate Engravings.

BARON

de

STUBEN,

Late Major-General and Infpettor-General ofthe Army oj the United States.

A IRINTED FOR

LB ANT:

DAN IE L & SAMUEL WHITEN ©•

In

Cong

CONGRESS,

March,

29th

177

the great?/I importance

r.

prefer ibtfom$ invariable rules for the Order

t,

and Dij

cipline oj the Troops, Specially for the purpofe oj in

troducing an uniformity in their formation and eeuvres,

and in

the Jerviee

of

camp

the

man

;

Ordered, That the following Regulations be objerv ed by all. the Troops of the United states, and that ah general and other Officers caufc thefame to be executed^ '

until all pojjiblc exatlnejs.

By Order

,

JOHN

JAY,

Prefdent

Attejl ,

Sharles Thompson,

TxtraS State

of “ An

AS to

of Ntw-York."

Scc'ry.

Organize the Militia of the Paffed 7th April, 1801.

Am d be

That the rules of dfit further enaBed, approved an6

:

XXI. Shoulder

—

Firelock

!

Three motions,

f

Quitting the piece with the right hand, with the left bring it up to the fhoulder, and feize it again with the fight hand under the cock, as in the fecond motion of the fecure. sd. Bring the left hand down ftrong upon the but.* jft.

3d. Bring the right

hand down by your

fide.

XXII.

—Arms

Prefertt

Three motions.

!

and ad motions the fame as in coming to the poife. 3d. Step brifkly back with your right toot, placing it a hand’s breadth did ant from your left heel, at the fame time bring down the firelock as 1

ft

quick

as poffible to the reft,

down

before your

left

knee

finking as

your

it

as

right

far

hand

will permit without conftraini, holding the right

hand under the guard, with the

fingers extend-,

with the left hand till the barrel is perpendicular ; during this motion you quit the piece with the left hand, and

cd, and

drawing

inftantly feize

it

in the piece

again juft below the tail-pipe.

XXIII.

—

Shoulder ill.

I, ilt

Firelock

!

Two

motions.

up your right foot and place it by your the fame time bring the firelock to your Ihoulder, and feize the but-end with the hand, coming to the pofition of the firft

left, at

left >

2d.

left

motion of the fecure. Bring the right hand down by your

fide.

XXIV. Charge Bayonet xft.

The fame

!

— Two motions,

as the firft

motion of the

fecure,

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2d.

*

Bring the but of the firelock under the right arm, letting the piece fall down ftrong on the palm of the left hand, which receives it at the fwell, the muzzle pointing dire£lly to the but preffed with the arm again ft the fide ; the front rank holding their pieces horizontally, and the rear rank the muzzles of theirs fo high as to clear the heads of the front rank, both ranks keeping their feet fa ft.

front, the

XXV. ! Two

motions.

Shoulder Firelock 1 ft.

Bring up the piece fmartly to

2d.

Bring the right hand down by your

ing the but with the

a fhoulder.-feiz-

hand.

left

fide.

XXVI. Advance

— Arms

!

Four motions. #

two

,

lft

and 2d the fame

3d.

Bring the firelock down to the right fide, with the right hand as low as it will admit without conftraint, flipping up the left hand at the fame time to the fwell, and inftantly fhiiting the pofition of the right hand, take the guard between the thumb and fore-finger, and bring the three laft fingers under the cock, with the

as the

firft

motions of the

poife.

barrel to the rear. 4th. Quit the firelock with the it

down by your

Shoulder ill.

—

left

hand, bringing

fide.

XXVII. Firelock

Bring up the

left

!

Four motions.

hand, and feize the firelock

at the fwell \ inftantly fhifting the

to

its

'

right

hand

former pofition.

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Come

fmartly up to apoife.. and 4th. Shoulder.

2d‘.

3d.

Explanation of Priming and Loadings as per-

formed

Come

the Firings.

in

Prime and Load

!

—

Fifteen motions.

the recover, throwing up your firelock, with a fmart fpripg.of the left hand, di-

lit.

to

left breaft, and turning themoment catch it with: the light hand below the lock, and inflantly bringing up the left hand, with a rapid motion, feme the piece juft above the lock, the little finger touching the feather-fpring ; the left hand to be at an equal height with theeyes, the but ol the firelock dole to the left, breaft, but not preffed, and the barrel perpen-

re£ily before the

barrel inwards; at that

dicular.

Bring the firelock down with a brifli motion to the pruning pofition, as direfted in the 4th

ad.

word of command, inflantly placing the thumb of the right hand againft the face of the flee!, the fingers clenched, and the elbow a little turned out,, that the wriil may.- be clear ol the

cock. 3d.

Open

4th.

the pan by throwing back the fteel with a flrong motion of the right arm, keeping, the firelock fleady in tlie left hand.

Handle

cartridge.

5th. Prime. 6th. Shut pan;. 7th.

Caft about.

and 9 th.. Load. joth. and 11th. Draw rammer;

£th.

12th.

Ram down

23th.

Return rammer.

cartridge.

14th, and 15th, Shoulder*.

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B. The motion of recover, coming down to the priming pofition, and opening the pan, to be done in the ufual time, the motions of handling the cartridge to the (hutting the pan, to be done as quick as poflible when the^pans are (hut, make a ftnall paufe, and cad abou ^together then the loading and (houldering motions are to be done as quick as

N.

;

;

poflible;

Pofition of each

Front rank

Rank

hand elbow

One

!

Spring the firelock brifkly to as. the

the Firings.

in

Make ready

!

feizes the firelock

left

motion.

a recover,

as

foon

above the lock,

is to be nimbly raifed a little, placing the thumb of that hand upon the cock, the fingers open by the plate of the lock, and as quick as poflible cock the piece, by dropping the elbow* and: forcing down the cock with the thumb, immedi-

the right

ately feizing the firelock with the right hand, clofe under the lock ; the piece to be held in this manner perpendicular,. oppofite to the left fide of the face,,,

the body kept ftraight, and as full to the front as and the head held up, looking well to tht,;

poflible, right.

Take Aim As

Fire

!

!

before explained.

The rear rank

!

Make

ready

Recover and cock, as before

!

One

motion..

direfted, at the

fame

time lfepping.about fix inches to the right, lo as to place y'ourlelf oppofite the interval of the frontrank.

Take Aim

!'

Fire

!

As. before explained-

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The recruits

being thus far inftru&ed, the officer mull take twelve men, and placing them in one rank, teach them to drefs to the right and left ; to do which the foldier mult obferve to feel the man on that fide he dreffes to.^yithout crowding him, and to advance or retire, tm he can juft difcover the breaft of the fecond man from him, taking care not to ftoop, but to keep his head and body upright.

When they can drefs pretty well, they muft taught to wheel, as follows : To At

this

word

the of

heads brifkly to the

Right

— Wheel

!

command,

men

left,

left

the except the

be

their

turn

hand man.

March! The whole

ftep off, obferving to

feel the

hand

they wheel to, without crowding ; the right hand man, ferving as a pivot for the reft to turn on, gains no ground, b'ut turns on his heels ; the officer will

maich on the flank, and when ifhed, command,

the wheeling

is

fin-

Halt

On

which the whole flop fhort on the foot then forward, bringing up the other toot, and dreffing to the right.

To

the Left

— Wheel

/

The whole

continue to look to the right, except the right hand man, who looks to the left.

March As

!

before explained.

N. B. The wheelings muft

•ommon

ftep,

firft be taught in the and then pra&iied in the quick ftep.

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When

the recruits have pra&ifed the foregoing exercifes, till they are fufficiently expert, they mult be fent to exercife with their company. i

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CHAP.

VI.

The Exercife of a Company. ,

Article

Of opening Rear Rank

!

the

I.

Ranks.

—

Take

Diftance

!

March !

TThe

rear rank fleps back four paces, and drefles the right ; the officers at the fame time advancing eight paces to the front, and dreffing in a line ; the ferjeants who covered the officers, toke their places in the front rank the non-commiflioned officers who were in the rear, remain theie, flopping back lour paces behind the rear rank.

by

;

Rear Rank The

!

Clofe to the Front !

officers face to the

company.

March ! The rear rank clofes to within a common pace, or two feet; and the officers return to their former polls.

Article

Of The more

II.

'

the Firings.

company into two or teach them the fire by platoons* chap. art. 1, 2.

captain will divide his

fe 6 lions*and

as directed in

xm.

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muft give the words of command The with a loud and diftin£t voice ; obferve that thefoldiers ftep off, and place their feet, as dire£ted in the manual exercife ; and that they level their pieces at a proper height ; for which purpofe they muft be accuflomed always io take fight at fiJme officers

objeft.

The

Officer will

often

command, As you were !‘

to accufionv the foldier not to

the

fire

till

he receives

word of command:

In all exercifes in detail the men will ufe a piece of word, inftead ot a flint and each foldier fhould :

have

fix pieces of

which the

ferjeant

wood, in the form of cartridges r muft fee taken out of the pieces

When

when

the exercife is finifhed. the company exercifes with powder, the captain will infpect the

company, and

-

fee that all the cartridges not ufed are

returned.

Article III. the March .

Of

In marclang to the front the men muft be accuflomed to arefs to the centre, which they will' have to do when exercifing in battalion ; and for this purpofe a ferjeant muft be placed fix paces irt front of the centre, who will take fome objetl in ,

a direftion for him to march and the men muft look inwards, march by him. The captain muft exercife his company in different forts ot ground and when, by the badnefs

front to

ferve

as

ftraight forward

and regulate

;

their

;

of the ground, or

by. any other accident, the foldier he muft immediately take it again

lofes his

ftep,

from the

ferjeant in the centre.

The

officers

muft

not fuffer the leail inattention, but punifh every of it.

man guilty

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3

The Oblique March Mull be

mon ftep,

pra£lifed both in the quick and

com-

agreeably to the inflrufctions already given-

The March

by Fiks

In performing it, the Is as important as difficult. officers mull be attentive that the foldiers bend their

bodies a

The

who

little

leading

loward, and do not open their files. file will be conduced by the officer;

on its left, and the contrary when

poll himfelf for that purpofe

will

when

they march by the they march by the left.

right,

The Counter March. Hole. This march muft never be executed by larger portions of a battalion than platoons.

Caution.

Take care

to

march from

counter

the

Right , by

Platoons!

To the Right-face ! March ! The whole facing to the right, each platoon by

files

on

the

wheels

and when the right hand ground where the left flood, the of-

to the right about

file gets

;

ficer orders.

Halt

!

— To

and the company

the Left

will

— Face

!

be formed with their front

changed.

Article

Of

IV.

Wheeling.

The captain will exercife his company in wheeling entire, and by fetlions or platoons, both in the and quick fiep, taking care that the men in

common

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the rear rank incline a little to the right or left, according to the hand they wheel to, fo as always to cover exactly their file-leaders.

Article V.

OJ Breaking off, *

and Forming by the

The

captain having divided his fe&ions, will give the word,

Scftions

— Break

oblique Step.

company

into

two

off!

Upon which

the feflion on the right inclines by the oblique flep to the left, and that on the left, following the former, inclines to the right, till they

cover each other, when they march forward.

Form Company! The its flep,

firft

feftion inclines to the right, fhortening to the left, lengthening its

and the fecond

Hep, till they are uncovered, when both march forward, and form in a line. Two or more companies may be joined to perform the company exercife, when they have been fufficiently exercifed by fingle companies, but not till then the inattention of the foldiers, and difficulty of inftrufcling them, increafing in proportion with the numbers. ;

CHAP.

VII.

Exercife of a Battalion ,

"W"

hen a battalion parades for exercife, it is to be officers polled, agreeably to the inffru&ions already given in the third and fourth chap-

4

$

formed, and the ters.

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The

25

!

]

battalion being formed,

it is

then to perform

the manual exercife, and the wheelings, marches, manoeuvres and firings defcribed in this and the following chapters, or fuch of them as (hall be ordered. N. B. a battalion performs the firings, the (fix centre files (viz. three on each fid-e the colours) are not to fire, but remain as a referve for the colours ; and the officers of the two centre platoons are

When

to

warn them accordingly.

The battalion will wheel by divifions or platoons, hy word of command from the officer commanding,

£>{ PD%fun';} T° th

'

March

When the

battalion wheels, the platoons are con-

duffed by the officers commanding them the fupermumeraries remaining in the rear of their refpeffive ;

platoons.

The

[See plate I. Figure 4 and 5.] colours take poll between the fourth and fifth

platoons.

The wheeling finifhed, each officer commanding a platoon or divifion, commands, Halt

!

Drefs

to the

Right

and

!

polls himfelf before the centre, the ferjeant covered him taking his place on the right.

who

Forward— March

The whole ftep off, and follow the leading division or platoon; the officer who condu&s the col-

umn receiving his direftions

from the commanding

When the battalion wheels to the right, the left flank of the platoons mull drefs in a line with each other, and the contrary when they wheel t®

officer.

the

left.

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[

Battalion

]

!

#

Halt

—

f

By Platoons! To the Left Wheel! March! The wheeling finilhed, each officer commanding aplitoon or divifion, orders

drefles his platoon,

Drefs to the Right ! and takes poll in the

the battalion being

now formed

Halt

!

CHAP. Ofthe ufe of thefe

VIII.

Points of View . Figure i.J

[Plate II.

TThe

interval,

in a line.

a moll eflential part In the manoeuvres, which without them, cannot be executed with facility or preciffion. They are ufuafJy fome diftant objefts (the moll confpicuous is

that can be found) chofen

by

the

commanding ofwhich

determine the direfition of his line, otherwife would be mere hazard.

ficer, to

The commanding

officer

having determined

on

H

the direction of his line, and his points of view E, to leek two interC, fends out two officers, admediate points in the fame line; the officer finds him in the direft line bevances ; when tween himfelf and the point of view B, he advances, taking care to keep E always between him and

D

E

D

the point B, which he mull do by making nals to advance or retire

;

when E

finds

him fig-

D

in

the

between him and C, he makes him the fignal to halt, and they will find themfelves in the E. intermediate points direfil line

D

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[

]

CHAP. Of

the

Formation and

IX.

D ifplaying of Columns,

Method of Changing Front.

’with the

Article The

clofe

I.

the G round by the Right, the Right in Front.

Column formed on [Plate II.

Figure 2.]

Caution by the Commanding Officer. Take Care to form Column by Platoons by the Right ! the Right in Front!

To

Right

the

— Face

TThe

whole lace to the right, except the right platoon ; at the fame time the leading file of each platoon breaks off, in order to march in the rear of

its

preceding platoon.

March The whole

off with

ftep

!

the quick

each

flep,

platoon marching clofe in the rear of that preceding it, to its place in the column. The officers commanding platoons, when they perceive their leading file drefled with that of the platoon already formed, command

Halt and the platoon

!

Front

fronts

/

Drefs

and drefles

Article

to the right.

II.

Difplay of a Column formed by the Right, the Right in Front ,

.

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Take Care

The

officers

in order to

to

3

Figure 2 .*]>

[Plate II.

Caution by the

•

Commanding Column

difplay

commanding

Officer.

to the

Left

platoons go to the

left,

conduit them.

To

The whole

the Left

face to the

— Face

left,

!

except the front plau

con.

March

!

The

platoons faced, ftep off, and march obliquely' to their places in the line ; when the fecond platoon has gained its proper diftance, its officer commands-

Halt

!

Front

!

To

the

Right

— Drefs

dreffes his platoon with that already

takes his poft on the right in the fame manner;

:

the other platoons forint

Article The

clofe

III.

Column formed on

the

Ground

Left the Left in Front» ,

[Plate II.

!

formed, and

by the

„

Figure 3.]

This is formed in the fame manner as the preceding column, only facing and marching to the left The officers will conduit their in Head of the right. platoons, and having dreffed them, return to their pods on the right.

Article

IV.

Difplay of a Column formed by the Left , the Left in.

Front,

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Figure 3.]

[Plate II;

This columu

is

,

ufually difplayed to the right, on’

the fame principles as the column formed to the: right

is

difplayed to the

left.

Article V. The dofe Column formed on

the Centre , or Fifth

Platoon, the Right in Front. [Plate II;

Figure 4.]

Caution.

Take Care

to

form Column on the

To The

the

the ffth Platoon

Right in Front

Right

and, Left

— Face

!

platoon Hands fall; the others face tothe centre;, the officers poll themfelves at the head of their platoons, and break off ; and on receiving filth

1

the word,

March! column ; the four platoons on the right forming in the front, -and the three platoons on the left forming in the rear of the fifth platoon. When this column is to be formed with the left in front, the four platoons on the light form in the rear, and the three on the left form in front. In all formations and difplayings, the officers whofe platoons march by the left, fo foon as they have dreffed their platoons in the line or column,, return to their polls on the right. C2 conduft them

to their polls in the

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Article VI; Bifplay of a Column having the Right in Fronts from the Centre , or fifth Platoon . [Elate II.

Figure 5.]

Caution.

Take Care At

to

difplay

Column from

the Centre /’

caution the officer of the pjatoon in front polls a ferjeant on each flank. of it, who are to remain there till the platoon on which the column difplays, has taken its poll in the line, when they retire along the rear of the battalion to their platoon.; this

To

the

Right and Left

—

Face

/>

The

four front platoons face to the right, the fifthilands fall, and tne fixth, feventh and eighth face* to the left.

March

!

The

four platoons ot the right march to the right, the firft platoon taking care to march ilraight towards* the point of view ; fo foon as the fourth platoon has;

unmalked the filth,

Halt

its-

!

officer

Front

!'

commands,.

March

1

!

and it marchesjup to its poll in the line; the third' and fecond platoon, as foon as they have refpeftively gained their finances* proceed in the fame manner; and then the firfi halts and ffiefTes with them the filth platoon in the mean time marches to its poffc between the two ferjeants;. and the three platoons, of the left form by marching obliquely to their poffcs. in. the line, as befoie

explainad,

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Article The

VII.

Column formed by

clofe

!

the Right, the

Right

in Front, difplayed to the Right .

Figure

[Plate III.

When

a column

formed by the

right, and the nature of the ground will not permit its being difto the left, it may be diiplayed to the right in the following manner is

played

Caution; I

Take Care

The two

to difplay

Column

ferjeants are to

to the

be polled,

Right

as before,

onu

the flanks of the front platoon.

To

the

Right

-

Face !

1

The

eighth platoon {lands faft, the reft face to ther ght, and march; the fir ft platoon keeping the line fo foon as the eighth platoon is unmafked, it marches forward to its- poll between the two ferjeants of the firft platoon left there for that purpofe; the Seventh platoon, having gained its-diftance, halts, fronts and marches up to^ its ground; the other platoons, proceed in the fame manner as* explained in the dif:

play from the centre.*

Article The

'

[Plate III..

This

Villi

Column formed

by the Left , the in Front , difplayed to the Left .

clofe

is

Left

Figure 2.]

performed on the fame principles

as'-thc';

column in the feventn article. A.column formed either by the right, left or cen-

difplay of the

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may, according

}

s*

to the

ground, or any other

cir-

cumftance, be difplayed on any particular platoon

on the

principles before explained.

Article IX. Open Columns Are formed by wheeling to the right or left Byplatoons ; and, when inatfpenfably necejfary , by inarching the platoons by files, in the following.

manner

I

:

Caution'.

Take Care

to

form open Columns

[Plate III.

To

the

by the Right

f?

Figure 3.]

— Face t

Right

The

right platoon ftands fall, the reft face to the right, and break off to the rear.

March Each platoon marches

!

place in the column, proper distances between their platoons. Open columns may in the fame manner, be formed by the left, centre, or on any particular platoon,, the officers taking care to preferve their proper difto

its

the officers taking care to preferve the

anrPQ [Plate III.

Figure 4.]

Open columns are formed again in line, either by wheeling by platoons, or by clofing column and displaying, as explained in the articles on clofe columns.If the

commanding

open, columns, he will

officer

choofes to clofe. the.*

command

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E Clofc

On

which

3

33

— Column

the platoons

!

March

march by

!

the quick Hep*

and clofe to within two paces of each other the

commanding

officer of

;

when

platoons fucceffively

command Halt

and

the

column

When

the

!

Drefs

is

clofed.

On

Right

commanding officer choofes commands,

clofe column, he

by the

to the

to

open 9

Open— Column

which the front platoon advances, followed others fucceffively, as faff as they have their

diftances. The different manners of forming and difplaying columns being the bafts of all manoeuvres, require

the greateft attention of both officers and men in the execution. The officers muff, by frequent pra£fice, Jearn to judge of diftances with the greateft exabtnefs ; as an augmentation or diminution of the proper diftance between the platoons is attended with much confufton in forming a line. They mu ft alfo be very careful not to advance beyond the line, in forming battalion, but dtefs their platoons carefully with the points of view.

Article' X.

Of changing

the

Front of a Line.

»

The

changing the front of a platoon, divifion, or even a battalion, may be performed by a fimple Wheeling j that of a brigade muft be performed by firft forming the open column, then marching it into the direction required, and forming the line. if ii be neceffary to change the front of a line con*

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more than a brigade, the fimplefl and fureft method is to form clofe columns, either by brigades or battalions, march them to the dire&ion required, and difplay. fifting of

CHAP. Of the

March

X.

of Columns .

T* H e

march of columns is an operation fo often remuch confequence, that it mull be confidered as an effential article in the inftruftion of both officers and men.

peated, and of fo

Article

I.

The march of an open Column Column ! March ! The whole column mull always begin and

halt, at the

When

the

march,

—

Arms Support men may march more

— Arms Drefs

at their eafe, but

Before the column

keeping their files clofe. he fhould command,

Carry

to

fame time, and only by order of the After the nrft twenty paces

commanding officer. he fhould command,

!

Column

to the

Right

!

halts,

Halt

!

When marching in open column, the officer comwill often form battalion, by wheeling to the right or left, in order to fee it the officers have preferved the proper diftances between the platoons*

manding

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Article Columns changing

When refilion of

the

II:

Dir eft ion of their March

column is obliged to change the dimarch, the front platoon muff not wheel

a clofe its

round on its flank, but advance in a direction more or lefs circular, according to the depth of the column, that the other platoons may follow. [Plate IV.

Figure i.j

An open column changes the dire&ion of its march by wheeling

the front platoon, the others following : in doing which, the officers commanding platoons inuft be particularly careful that their platoons wheel on the fame ground with the front platoon ; for which purpofe a ferjeant ffiould be left to mark the pivot on which they are to wheel.

Article

III.

Pajfage of a Defle by a Column,

A

column on

its

march coming

to a defile,

obliges it to diminifh its front, the officer ing the firft platoon commands,

Break

which

command-

off !

On which thofe files which cannot pafs, break

oflf,

face inwards, and follow their platoon by files; and as the defile narrows or widens, more files will bicak. off, or join the platoon : The fuccecding platoons proceed in the fame manner. If the defile is difficult or long, fo

foon as the front

have pafled and gained fufficient ground, they will halt till the whole have pafled and formed, when they will continue the march.

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Article IV.

A 'Column crofting a

Plain, liable

to be

attacked

by Cavalry .

When

the

commanding

officer thinks himfelf in

danger of being attacked by cavalry, he mu ft clofe the column, and on their approach, halt and face outwards ; the front platoon Handing faft, the rear platoon going to the right about, and the others facing outwards from their centres. In cafe of attack, the two firft ranks keep up a fmart running fire, beginning as well as ending by a fignal from the drum. The foldiers mutt be told, that under thefe circumstances, their fafety depends wholly on their courage ; the cavalry being only to be dreaded when the infantry ceafe 10 refill them. the column is to continue

When

officer

commands.

Column

The

!

To

Front

the

—

Face

its

!

march, the

March !

platoons face to the front, and march.

Article V.

A

Column marching

by

its

Flank.

Face!

Column!

If the column marches by the left, the officers *0 the left of their refpeftive platoons.

n

March

The column

!

marches, dreffing by the right.

Column

The column

go

!

Halt

!

Front

faces to the front.

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CHAP.

XI.

Vf the March Article The March

At

this

I.

to the

Battalion /

•

in Line.

Front.

Forward

!

caution the enfign with the colours adpaces ; the fergeant who covered him tak-

vances fix ing his place.

The whole are to drefs by the colors. The commandant of the battalion will be polled two paces in front of the colors, and will give the enfign an objeft to ferve as a direction for him to march ftraight forward.

March

The to

enfign

march

nel

;

to

who

!

carries the colors will be careful

ftraight to the objeft

do which, he muft

given him by the coloon fome intermedi-

fix

ate objeft.

If many battalions are in the line, the enfigns muft drefs by the enfign in the centre ; if only two, they They muft be very carewill drefs by each other. ful not to advance beyond the battalion they are to drefs by, it being much eafier to advance than to fall

back. Should a battalion by any caufe be hindered from advancing in line with the reft, the enfign of that battalion muft drop his colors as a fignal to the other battalions (who might otherwife flop to drefs- by them] not to conform to their movements the col;

when

ors to be

raifed again

ed

poll in the line.

to

its

The commanding be

careful that

his

the battalion has advanc-

officer of

men

each battalion muft and keep iheir files

drefs

ciofe, and to preferve the proper diftances between

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his

own battalion and

he finds

that

he

is

thofe on his flanks ; and when too near the one or the other, mull

command, Obliquely

—To

’

the

When

the battalion will march by the oblique till they have recovered their difand receive the command.

'ftep, as ordered,

tance;

Forward

!

Upon which

the battalion will march forward, and the enfign take a new objeft to march to. It the di fiance is augmented or diminifhed onty two or three paces, the commanding officer will Or-

der the colors to incline a

ward

;

The

.

little,

and then march

for-

the battalion conforming to their movement. commanding platoons will continual-

officers

ly have an eye over them, immediately remedying any defefct, carefully drefling with the centre, ana keeping Hep with the colors. The officers in the rear mull take care of the fee* bnd rank, remedying any deleft in a low voice, and

with

as little noife as poflible.

The

mull not advance out of the rank the drefl'es to ; he muft riot hand man, but give Way to refill that of the wings.; the centre, and flure of ihe pre ^he muft have his eyes continually fixed on the colors, turning his head more or lefs, in proportiortto /his di fiance from them. foldier

ihoulder oppofite the fide he

crowd

his right or left

Battalion

The whole

flop Ihort

Drefs

The men •

on

!

to the

diefs to the right,

into the ranks.

Halt

!

the feet then

Right

advanced.

!

and the colors

fall

back

!

!

;

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Article

Of the Charge

.

II.

with Bayonets.

marching, the commanding approaching the enemy, commands,

The

line

March

On

March

!

officer,

The

— Bayonet

line charge their bayonets,

3

f

which the whole advance by the quick

Charge

on

ftep.

and quicken

their

and the officers the drums beat the long roll ftep and men mull take care to drefs to the centre, and not crowd or open their files. ;

;

Battalion

The

battalion

fall

Slow Step

!

into the flow

*

!

ftep,

and carry

their arms.

Halt

The

!

Drefs

to the

Right

!

battalion halts and drefles to the right.

Article Method ofpaffmg any

When

an obftacle prefents

vifion, platoon, or

manding

III.

Objlacle in Front of a Line itfelf

before any di-

number of files, the &c. commands,

officer

com-

-

-

the platoons,

Break

On

off '

which the files obftrufied face outwards from their centre, and follow by files the platoons on their if the platoons on the wings are obright and left fltu61ed, they will face inwards,- and follow in the fame manner. In proportion as the ground permits, the files will march up to their places in front, drefs, and take!

-

flep with the colors.

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Article IV. Paffage of a Defle in Front, by Platoons.

A

battalion marching and meeting with a bridge or defile, over or through which not more than tire

front of a divifion can pdfs at a time, the

command*

ing officer orders,

Halt !

•h

and then prefents

to the

two platoons before

whom

the defile

itfelf,

March

!

On which they pafs the defile in one divifion* As. foon as thofe two platoons have marched, the commanding

officer orders,

To

the

Right and Left

— Face

The

platoons on the right face to the on the left lace to the right.

March

left,

l

and thofe

!

They march till they join, fronting the defile ; when the commanding officer of the two platoons corn*, mands,

Halt t Front and they pafs the fame manner.

defile,

!

March

t

the reft following in the

As foon as the front divifion has pafled, it will and the other divifions, as faff as they arrive ; in the rear, face outwards, and march by files till they come to their proper places in battalion; when the officers commanding the platoons order.

Iralt

Halt

!

Front

and the platoons drefs in formed,

!

Drefs line,

!

with thofe already

—

;

J

ft

C

!

Article V. Pajfctge of a Defile in Front , by Files; '

tt>

not permit more than four

If the defile will

pafs, the four files before

which the

enter without any word of face inwards, and follow them

itfelf,

ing through by files. As foon as the files which ed, they halt

;

;

files''

defile prefents

command

;

the whole

the reft*

march-

entered have pairas they pafs, inarch-

firft

the others, as fall

ing to their places in battalion.

Article VI. Of the March in Retreat Battalion

The whole Keeping

To

!

1

Right about—-Face

the

face to the right about

;

!

the officers-

their polls.

—March

Forward

!

The

colors advance fix'paces, and the off, dreffing by them. The paflage of any obflacle in retreat, as- in the inarch to

whole is

ftep

the fame

the Iront.

Article

VII.-

Paffage of a Defile in Retreat^ by' Platoons; If it is at any time neceffary to pafs a defile in the rear, in prefence of an enemy, the line muft march

as near

as

manding

officer orders,

poffible to the defile

To JErom

the

Wings

the

Front

—By

the

com-

Face

Platoons

file in the

The- two

-

when

;

Rear

— Pafs

De-

the

/

platoons on the wings face outwards.

-

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March

!

The two

platoons wheel by files* and march along the rear of the battalion to the entrance of the defile,, where joining, their officers command,

Halt

/

To

Righ the

Face

’

/

Lejt,

The platoon

of the right

wing

faces to the left

;

the

other platoon faces to the right ; and both pafs in one divilion ; the other platoons following in the fame manner, except thofe of the centre. When all have entered but the two centre platoons, that on the light faces to the right about, and inarches twenty paces into the defile ; when the officer

commands. Halt

The

f

To

Right about

the

officer of the other platoon,

— Face

!

when he fees them

faced, will retire in the fame manner ; and having paffed twenty paces beyond the platoon halted in the defile, comes alfo to the right about ; they continu-

ing in this manner to cover each other’s retreat till they have paffed, when they lace to the front, and cover the defile. The three platoons of the right wing wheel to the left thofe of the left wing wheel to the right, and having gained their proper diflances, the commanding officer orders.

—

Halt A

To The

the

Platoons /

Right and Left wing wheels to which forms the

right

— Wheel the

left,

f

March

and the

f

left

to

battalion. the right ; If the defile fhould prefect itfeli behind any other

part ol the battalion, the platoons fartheft off

mull

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always retreat firft ; and if the defile becomes narrower than at the entrance, the platoons muft double behind each other.

Article

VIII.

Pdflage of a Defile in Retreat, by

Files.

performed in the fame manner as the preceding, except that, inflead of forming at the entrance, the platoons pafs by files ; and having palfed, face to the right and left, march till they have their proper diftances, and then wheel and form bat-

This manoeuvre

is

talion.

The pafiage of defites may be executed at firft common ftep, for the inltruftion of the troops

in

!

-

in

always in the quick ftep. The paffage of defiles being difficult in prefence of an enemy, the officers mutt be particularly careful to keep the files clofed ; to be quick in giving the words of command, and not krfe any time in the fervi.ee,

execution. This manoeuvre fhould always be covered by troops polled on each fide the defile, and on every advantageous piece of ground that p-refertts itfclf, to

annoy and keep back the enemy.

Article

IX.

Method of pafling the Front Line to the Rear. The firft line being obliged to retreat, will face to the right about, and

The

fecund

retire- in line.

it not already formed in columns, on perceiving the firft line retire, order by brigades or battalions and

line,

will immediately,

form the

in

firft

that

line

;

having pafted the intervals between the

columns, the fecond

line will cfilplay

;

or,

if

too

olofely preffed by the enemy, attack in columns the flanks ot the battalions which purfue, thereby giving

time

lor the

firft

line to

form and take a new

pofition.

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CHAP. Of the

1 XII.

Difpofition of the Field- Pieces attached

Brigades.

to the

The field-pieces attached to the

different brigades

tnuft always remain with them, encamping on their x right, unlefs the quartermafter-general thinks proper to place them on any advantageous piece of ground in front.

When the army marches by the right, the fieldpiece rmift march at the head ot their refpettive brigades; when it marches by the left, they follow nr the rear, unlefs circum fiances determine the general to order otherwife ; but, whether they march in front, centre or rear of their brigades, they mufi always march between, the battalions, and never between the platoons. In manoeuvring they mufi alfo follow their brigades, performing the manoeuvres and evolutions withrthem ; observing, that when the clofe column isformed, they mufi always proceed to the flank of thecolumn oppofed to that fide their brigade is to difplay to; and on the column’s difplaying, they follow the firft divifion ot their brigade ; and whertthat halts and forms, the field-pieces immediately;, take their ports on its right. .

r

CHAP.

W

Of the

XIII.

Firings .

HEN the troops are to exercife with' powder;., the officers mufi carefully infpefl the arms and cartridge boxes, and take away all the cartridges -with i ball.

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part of the general will be the fignal Tor all firing to ceafe ; on the beating of which the officers and non-commiffioned officers muft fee that their platoons ceafe firing, load and ffioulder as

The

fix ft

quick as poffible. The commanding officer will continue the fignal till he fees that the men have loaded and fhouldered.

Article

I-

Tiring by Battalion.

Caution.

Take Care Battalion

!

Make

to

Fire by Battalion

ready

l

/

Take Aim! Fire

!

be more than one battalion to fire, they are to do it in fucceffion from right to left ; but alfoon as ter the fir ft round, the odd battalions fire fo the refpefclive battalions on their left begin to ffiouldrefpe£Uve the when fire er ; and the even battalions battalions on their right begin to ffioulder. 11 there

Article

II.

Firing by Divijions and

P latoons.

Caution.

Take Care JDiviJion

They

!

Make

fire in

to Jure by

ready

!

Divijions

Take

the fame order as

battalions in Artfcle

Aim

is

! !

Fire

!

preferibed for

i.

The firing by platoons is alfo executed in the fame order in the wings ot the battalion, beginning, with the right ot each, that is, the firft and filth platoons give the firft fire, the fecond and fixth the fec-

ond

fire,

the third and feventh the third fire, and the: the fourth fire ; after which they

fourth and eighth

fijre as before preferibed..

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Article IIL Firing Advancing.

The

battalion

advancing receives the word,

Battalion

Take Care

They

!

Halt

to ji rt by

!

Diviftons

/

fire as before.

Article IV. Firing Retreating.

When

a battalion

obliged to

is

march as long as poffible but if emy, and obliged to make ufe of manding officer will order, ;

Battalion

To and

fire

by

the

!

Halt

—

Right about

retire,

it

muft

:

prefled by the enits fire, the com-

!,

Face

!

battalion, divifion or platoon, as

before

direfcled.

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P.

XIV. -

Of the March of an Army or Corps TThe greateft attention on the part of the officers .

all times, but mote particularly on a > foldiers being then permitted to march with the ranks and files open, without the greateft care, thefe get confounded one with another ; and it fuddenly attacked, inftead of being abie to form immediately in order of battle, the whole line is thrown into the utmoft confufion. The order for the march of an army being given, the adjutant general will appoint the field officers s is

necelfary at

inarch.

The

at their eafe,

.

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advanced and rear guards, and i flue orders to the brigade majors to have ready their refpe&ive quotas ol other officers and men for the advanced for the

guard, which will confifl of the number neceflary tor the guards ot the new camp. Thefe, together with a poineer of each company, and a fergeant from the regiment to conduct them, mult be warn-

ed the evening before. At the beating of the general, the troops are immediately to ftriketheir tents, and Foad the waggons, which mull then fall into the line of march for the baggage.


28 2

CO

1

CL tv

,5th

3d

00

7th

1,5th in

16th 17th 1 8th 19th *oth

0

the rear of the in the rear of the in the rear of the in the rear of the in the rear of the in the rear of the

2d 6th 4th

VO

,5th

VO 0-1

ift

8th

The

non-commiffioned officers are pofted thus"* fergeant on the right of each, platoon, and one on the left of the whole; the reft as file clofers equally 7 divided to each platoon. M Whilfl this is doing, the adjutant divides the _ guard into eight platoons, leaving proper.intervais between the platoons for the officers who are to command

A

them.

The and the

brigade majpr having appointed the officers, battalion being divided, he commands,

Officers

The

officers

outward from *

and non-commiffiioned To your Pojis /

Officers l

and non-commiffioned

officers face

the centre.

March /

-

*

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They go dire&Iy to theif pod* in the battafioft* The brigade major then advances to the general* Officer of the day, informs

him

that the battalion is

formed, and takes hi# direSiorri relative

e*er-

to the

tiife.

The

general of the day will tifbally order the manual exercife to be performed, and fame manoeuvres, ,iuch as he thinks proper; the major Of brigade ot the day giving the words of command. The exerciie being finished* the majof of brigade ‘

Commands,

—

Order

Firelocks /

The drums

then beat from right to left of the pafade, and pafling behind the officers of the day, take

pod am their left. The major of brigade Shoulder

—

then orders,

Firelocks

f

Support-- At ftzs

and non-commiffioned

Ojficers

To

the Centre

They advance

— March

t

Officers / !

as before to the centre,

and the relp'd&ive guards, takes the name of the officer commanding dach guard, and gives him the parole and counterThe adjutant having in the mean rime told off fig’rt. he gaurds, and divided them into pkttootti, the brigade major then commands,

Brigade major appoints them to their

Officers and'

non commiffimed Officers -

To your The The

officers

go

Pojls

!

March

/•

!

to their refpeflive pods;.

brigade major then commands,,

—

Prefent

and advancing

to

Artris !

the general,

acquaints

him

that*

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i the guards are formed to

march-them

off,

]

and on receiving

;

his orders

he commands.

Shoulder

—

Firelocks !

—

By Platoons ! To the Right Wheel ! March ! The whole wheel and march by the general, the him

officers faluting

whole have

they pals ; and when the wheel off and march to their

as

palled, they

refpe&ive polls.

Article

Of relieving The

III.

Guards and

Sentinels.

camp will be relieved every twentyfour hours. The guards without the limits of the camp will ordinarily be relieved in the fame manguards

in

but this mult depend on their diftances from ; camp, and other circumftances, which may fometimes require their continuing on duty lor feveral

ner

days.

In this cafe they

mu ft

be previoufly notified

to provide themfelves accordingly.

The

guards are to march in the greateft order to their refpeftive polts, marching by platoons, whenever the roads will permit. When the new guard approaches the poll, they and the officer of the old guard, carry their arms having his guard paraded, on the approach of the new guard, commands, ;

Prefent

— Arms

/

and his guard prefent their arms. The new guard inarches pall the old guard, and takes poll thi ee or lour paces on its right, both guards fronting towards the enemy ; and the officer commands,

Prefent wtd the

new guard

— Arms

!

prefent their arms;

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The two

]

(hen approach each other, sod the relieving officer takes his orders froth the relieved. Both officers then return to their guards, and officers

command,

*

Shoulder^Firelocks Non-commijjioned Officers

!

/

Forward

— March

The non-cornmiffioned officers of both who are to relieve the fentinels, adva nee in

guards, front of

new guard. The fergeant of the new guard then tells off as many fentinels as are neceffary and the corporal of the new guard, conduced by a corporal of the old the

;

guard, relieves the

fentinels,

beginning by the guard

noufe.

When

the fentinel fees the relief approach, he and the corporal hailing his repaces diftance, commands,

trefenls his arms, fief at fix

Prefent-~-Arms

!

Recover*

— Arms

!

This laft command is only for the fentinel relieving, and the one to be relieved ; and the former immediately approaching with the corporal, and having received his orders from the old fentry, takes his place ; and the fentry relieved marches into the ranks, placing himfelf on the left of the rear rank.

Front

Both

— Face

fentries face to the front.

!

The

corporal then

orders,

—

Shoulder

i

—Arms

Firelock / Sport

March

!

t

and the relief proceeds in the fame manner till the whole are relieved. If the fentries are numerous, the fergeanls are t©

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When

8

]

as well as the corporals in relieving

the corporal returns with the old fentinels,

he leads them before the old guard, and difmifles

them

to their ranks.

The

officer of the old

guard then forms his guard

fame manner as when he mounted, and marchthem in order to camp. As foon as he arrives in the camp, he halts, forms

in the

es

men of the different brigades together, and fends them to their refpeQive brigades, condu&ed by a non-commiffioned officer, or careful foldier. When the old guard march off, the new guard

the

jrefent their arms,

till

they are gone, then ffioulder,

and take the place of the old guard. non-commiffioned officer to take down the names of the guard, in the following manner

Jace to

The

the

Lett,

officer then orders a

—

flours they go on, 10 I

4, 10

Mem'

—

—

8, a— 6, 12— 6, a 4, 12 * Mens' n names. Mens' name: names times. Mem' Mem'

Harriet -

I

Poll No.

Suppofe the guard to confiff oi twenty-four men, and to furniffi eight fentinels, they are divided into three relieves, and the polls being numbered, beginning always with the guard houfe, each man’s name put down againft the number of the poll he will always Hand lentry at*during the guard, by which ?z>ean an officer knows what particular man was at any poft during any hour of the day or night. Tne relief of fentries is always to be marched i$

is

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the greateft order, and with fupported arms, the corporal often looking back to obferve the conduft of the men ; and if an officer approaches, he is to order his men to handle their arms, fupporting them again when he has pa fled. The corporals are to be anfwerable that the fentries, when relieving, perform their motions with the greateft fpirit and exa&nefs. corporal who is detefled in having the infolence to fuffer fentrics to relieve each other, without his being prefent, {halt, as well as the fentry fo relieved, be feverely punifhed.

A

Article IV. •

TnjlruBions

to Officers

on

Guard

.

On

the vigilance of the officer depends not only the fafety ol his guard, but that of the whole army. As it is highly necefiary an officer ffiould have

fome knowledge

of his htuation, he mult,

immedi-

ately after relieving the old guard, vifit the fentinels,

and examine the ground round

his poft

;

and

if

he

thinks the fentiies not fufiicient to i'ecure him from a furprife, he is at liberty to place more, acquainting therewith the general or field officer of the day who vifits his poft ; but without their leave he is not to He rnufl caufe alter any that are already polled. the roads leading to the enemy and to the next ports to be well reconnoitred by an officer of the guard, or for want of one, by an intelligent nori-commifftoned officer and fome faithful men, inform himfelf of every thing neceftary lor his fecurity, and ufe every poffible precaution againft a furprife. He muft permit no ftranger to enter his poft, nor fuffer his men to talk with him. If a fufpicious perfon, or a deferter from the enemy approaches, he muft flop him and fend him to head quarters, or to a feperior officer. He muft on no account fuffer the foldicvs

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more than water or any

to pull off their accoutrements, or ftraggle

twenty paces from the guard

;

and

it

other neceffaries are wanted for the^guard, they

mull

be fent for by a non-commiflioned officer and fome men, with their arms if at an out poll, on no account fuffering a foldier to go by himfelt but nevHe muft exer whilft the fentinels are relieving. amine every reliet before it is fent off; fee that their that and the men are and in order, arms are loaded and it by any accident acquainted with their duty a man fhould get the leaft difguifed with liquor, he muft, on no account, be fuffered to go on fentry. At every reliet the guard muft parade, and the roll be called ; and during the night, and when near the enemy, during the day, the guard muft remain under arms till the reliet returns. During the day the men may be permitted to reft themfelves as much as is confrftent with the fatety ot the guard ; but in the night, no man muft be {uttered to lay down or fleep on any account, but have his arms conftantly in his hands, and be ready to tall ;

;

in

on

the leaft alarm.

Between every reliet the fentries muft be vifited by a noncommiffioned officer and a file of men ; and, when more than one officer is on guard, as often as poflible by an officer. patrol alfo muft be frequently fent on the roads leading to the enemy. During the day, the fentinels on the out polls muft flop every patty of men, whether armed or not, till they have been examined by the officer of the guard.

A

As

it is dark, the counterfign muftbegivfentinels of the piquets and advanced which they are to challenge all that approach them and if any perfon, alter being order-

en

to

foon as the

ports, after

;

ed to ftand, fhould continue to efcape,

the

times, muft fire

fentry,

to

approach, or attempt

after challenging

him

three

on him.

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the camp will receive the counterfign, and begin to challenge, fentinels of the interior guards of

fuch hours as (hall be determined in orders, according to circumdances. fentinel, on perceiving any perlon approach, mud challenge brifkly, and never fuffer more than one to advance, till he has the counteifign given him ; if the perfon challenged has not the counterjfign, the fentry mult call the fergeant of the guard, and keep the perfon at a little di dance from his port, till the fergeant comes to examine him. Whenever a fentry on an out pod perceives more than three men approach, he mud order them to Hand, and immediately pafs the word for the fergeant of the guard the officer of the guard mud immediately parade his guard, and fend a fergeant the non.with a party of men to examine the party commiffioned officer mud order the commanding officer of the party to advance, and condu£l him to the officer of the guard ; who, in cafe he is unacquainted with his perfon, and does notchoofeto trud either to his clothing or to his knowledge of the at

A

;

:

counterfign, mud demand his paflport, and examine him ltri£fly ; and if convinced of his belonging to the army, a

If

mud

fentry,

let

him

pafs.

on challenging,

is

anfwered

re-

patrol or round, he mud in that cafe order the fergeant or corporal to advance with the counterfign ; and if he is then allured ot their being the lief,

relief,

A

&c. he may

fentinel

furprifed

;

fuffer

them

to

advance.

mud take the greated care not to be mud never fuffer the perfon who

he

advances to give the counterfign, to approach within the reach of his arms, and always charge Jiis bayonet. The officers who mount the camp guards mud jgive orders to their fentries not to fuffer any perfon

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C to pafs in or out of

guards, nor then

till

]

camp, except by one of the the officer of the guard has

examined him. In cafe one of

the guard deferts, the officer mufl immediately change the counterfign, and fend nowho is to tice thereof to the general of the day communicate the fame to the other guards, and the :

adjutant-general.

As foon as the officer of a guard difccyfcrs the approach of the enemy, he mufl immediately fend notice to the nearefl general officer, call in the and put himfelt in the bell poffure of deII attacked on his pofl, he will defend it to the utmofl of his power, nor retreat, unlefs compelled by fuperior force ; and even then he mufl recentries,

fence.

on the enemy, can never jullify Should the enemy camp; the officer muff take

tire in the greatefl order,

whofe

fuperiotity,

a guard’s

purfue

a

retiring

keeping

however

a fire

«

great,

in diforder.

guard into

care to retire through the intervals of the battalions, and forming in the rear of the line, wait for further orders. an officer is pofted at a bridge, defile, or any work, with orders to maintain it, he muff defend it to the lafl extremity, however fuperior the force of the enemy may be, as it is to be fuppofed that the general who gave thofe orders will rcin-

When

him

to

Betire

whenever

mufl never throw

in the

whole of

lorce him, or order thinks proper.

An

officer

tie

his

fiie at once ; for which reafon every guard is to be divided into two or more divifions or platoons, according to its flrength any number above eight and feventy-eight men forming two platoons; the ckleft ;

officer taking poll

on

the right ol the

firfl

platoon,

on the right of the fecond platoon, on the left of the whole the non-

the next eldeft

and the

third

;

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commiffioned officers cover the officers ; the drum is tq be on the right of the captain, and the fentinel one pace advanced of the drum. If the guard confifts of no more than twelve men, it forms in one rank.

Article V. Method of going and receiving the * Rounds

Grand

.

*

The

general and field officers of the day will vifthe day, as oiten and fuch hours as they judge proper. When the [entry before the guard perceives the officer of die day, he will call to the guard to turn out ; and the guard, being paraded, on the ap-

it

the feveral guards during

at

proach

day prelent their arms. day will examine the guard ; none are abfent ; that their arms and accoutrements are in order ; that the officers and non-commiffioned officers are acquainted with their duty, and that the fentinels are properly polled and have received proper orders. Not only the officers of the day, but all genof the officer of the

The

officer of the

fee that

eral

officers

are at liberty to vifit

make the fame examination. The officers of the guard

fhall

the guards and

give the parole

to

the officer of the day, it demanded. Dining the night, the officers of the day will go the grand rounds.

When

the officer of the day arrives at the guard

from whence he intends

make

himfelf

of the guard

known

to begin his rounds,

as fuch

the parole.

He

by giving the

he will officer

will then order the

guard under arms, and having examined it, demand an efcort of a fergeant and two men, and proceed to the next poll.

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When

,

3

the rounds are challenged

by a

fentinel,

Grand rounds and the fentry will Grand rounds 1 Advance fergeant with, counterjign ! Upon which the fergeant advances

they will anfwer, reply. Stand, the

and gives cry,

have is

the couxuerfig.n,

The

fentinel will then

Advance rounds ! and prefent his arms ,

till

they

palfed.

When the

fentry before the guard challenges,

anfwered,

Grand rounds 1 he will reply, Stand l Turn out the guard! Grand rounds l

Grand rounds

and

Upon the fentinel’s calling, tire guard is to be turned out and drawn up in good order, with Ihouldered arms, the officers taking their polls. The officer commanding the guard will then order a fergeant and two men to advance towards the round and challenge. When the fergeant ol the guard comes within ten paces of the rounds, he is to halt and challenge brifkly. The fergeant of the rounds is to anfwer. Grand rounds The fergeant of the guard replies, Stand, Grand rounds ! Advancefergeant with the counterjign ! and orders his men to prelent their arms. The fergeant of the rounds advances alone,

and giving the counterfign, returns to his rounds ; and the fergeant ol the guard calls to his officer, The counterjign is right On which the officer ol the guard tails, Advance rounds! The officer of the rounds then advances alone, and on his approach the ,

guard prefent their arms.

The

officer of the

rounds

palTes along the front of the guard immediately to the officer, who keeps his pofl on the right, and

gives him the parole. He then examines the guard, orders back his efcort, and demanding a new one,, ' proceeds in the fame manner to the other guards. a

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Article VI. Honors due from Guards to General Officers and others.

To the commander in chief: All guards turn out the drums beat a march, and ; the officers lalute. To major-generals : They turn out with prefented arms, and beat two ruffles. To brigadier-generals : They turn out with prefented arms, and beat one ruffle. To officers of the day : They turn out with prefented arms, and beat according to their rank. Except from thefe rules a general officer’s guard, which turns out and pays honors only to officers of fupeiior rank to the general whofe guard it is. To colonels: Their own quarter guards turn out once a day with prefented arms ; alter which they ®nly turn out with ordered arms. To lieutenant-colonels : Their own quarter guards turn out once a day with fhouldered arms ; after which they only turn out and Hand by their arms. To majors: Their own quarter guaids turn out once a day with ordered arms ; at all other times they (land by their arms. When a lieutenant-colonel or major commands a regiment, the quarter guard is to pay him the fame honours as are ordered to a colonel. All fentries prefent their arms to general officers, and to the field officers of their own regiments ; to they (land with all other commiffioned officers

with prefented arms

fhouldered arms.

The prefident of Congrefs, own (fates, and committees of {hall

all governors in their Congrefs at the army, have the fame honors paid them as the com-

mander

in chief.

Wben

a

detachment with arms pafies before a

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guard, the guard fhall be under arms, and the drums of both beat a march. When a detachment without arms paffes, the guard ihall turn out and ftand by their arms. After dark no honors are to be paid, except to the grand rounds ; and when near the enemy, no honors are to be paid with the drum.

CHAP. Cf

the

XXIII.

Arms and Ammunition,

xvith the

Meth-

ods of preferving them.

The

prefervation of the arms and ammunition is an obje£l that requires the greateft attention. Commanding officers of regiments muff be anfwerabie for thofe of their regiments, and captains tor their refpe&ive companies. An officer of a company muff every morning at roll-call infpe£l minutely into the flate of the men's and if it fhall arms, accoutrements and ammunition appear that a foldier has fold, or through carleffiiefs he of them, muft loft or damaged any part be confined and’ puniffied, and ftoppages made of his pay, as hereafter mentioned : For which purpole luch ;

certify to the commanding officer of the regiment the names of the delinquents, and the lofles or damages which fhall appear of their arms, ammunition and accoutrements ; and the commandofficers fhall

ing officer, after due examination, fhall older floppages to be made for whatever fhall appear to have fold, loft or damaged as atorefaid. pages to be as follows:

been

The

flop-

For a firelock, fixteen dollars; a bayonet, two dollars

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to

;

a ram-rod, one dollar a cartridge-box, one dollar

a

bayonet-belt,

one

•

1

dollar

1

; ;

a fcabbard, two thirds of a dollar a cartridge, one fixth of a dollar

;

a flint, one twentieth of a dollar;; a gun- worm, one fourth of a dollar ; a fcrew-driver, one twelfth of a dollar; And for arms, accoutrements and ammunition damaged, fuch fums as the repairs fhall cofl the ffates, to be eflimated by the brigade conductor, or, when a corps is detached, by fuch perfon as its commanding officer fhall appoint for that purpofe ; provided that fuch ftoppages do not exceed one half the delinquent’s pay monthly. It is highly eflential to the fervice that the ammunition fhould be at all times kept complete ; lor which purpofe, as often as is neceffary, a return is to be made by each company of the number of cartridges deficient, to the quarter-mafter, that he may make out a general one tor the regiment, to be figned by the commanding officers of the regiment and brigade, and rio time loft in fupplying the deficiency. The like care is to be taken that all deficiencies of arms and accoutrements are fupplied without lofs of time. All arms, accoutrements and ammunition unfit for fervice, ate to be catefully preferved and fent •

by

the

commanding

officer of

each company to the

regimental quarter- mailer, who fhall deliver the fame to the brigade conduflor, they refpeftivefy giving receipts tor what they receive. The arms, accoutrements and ammunition of the Tick and others, when delivered up, are to be taken care of m. Before the cartridge-boxes are the fame manner. put in the arm-chefls, the cartridges mull be taktfte •• out to prevent any lofs or accident,

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A

condu&or

be appointed to each brigade, who (hail have under his immediate care and direction a travelling torge and five or fix armourers, an ammunition waggon, and a waggon with an armed cheft lor each battalion, each cheil to hold twentyfive arms, to receive the arms and accoutrements wanting repair, or of the men fick or abfent and when the arms delivered in by a battalion fhall exceed the above number, the furplus fhall be fent to tbe commifTary ot military (lores. The brigade conductor (hall iffue no ammunition but by order of die commanding officer of tbe brigade but may receive and deliver the arms and accoutrements of each battalion, by order ot its comfhall

:

;

manding

officer.

The ammunition waggon

fliall

twenty

contain

thoufand cartridges and in order to keep the fame complete, the conductor fhall, as deficiencies arife, apply to the field commifTary, or one of his deputies. ;

Jot a fupply, or ottoet wile for the neceifary materials of cartridges, and to the major of brigade for men to

tor

make them up under ;

and

for this

the direction of the

conduc-

purpofe the brigade major (hall

order out a party of the mod The non-commiffioned officers of each company will be provided with gun-worms ; and every day, carelul foldiers.

company, thofe men

at the

noon

who

have returned from duty are

roll-call

arms and have geant

to

the lame

of

the

to

bring their

drawn ; the firft ferpowder and ball, and deliver

their charges

receive the

to the quarter-mafter.

CHAP. Of the here

XXIV.

Treatment of the Sick.

nothing which gains an officer the love more than his care of them under the

is

foldiers

V*

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then he has the power of exerting his humanity in providing them every comdiftrefs of

ficknefs

it is

;

and making

fortable necelfary,

their

fituation

a«

agreeable as poftible. Two or three tents fhould be fet apart in every regiment tor the reception of fuch Tick as cannot be fent to the general hofpital, or whofe cafes may not require it. And every company fhall be conftantly turnifhed with two Tacks to be filled occafionally with ftraw, and ferve as beds for the fick. 1 hele facks to be provided in the lame manner as clothing for the troops, and finally ITued by the lcgimental clothier to the captain of each company, who fhall be anfwerable for the lame. When a foldier dies, or is difmilfed from the hofpital, the ftraw he laid on is to be burnt, and thr b dding well wafhed and aired beloie another is permitted to ufe it. Tire fergeants and corporals fhall every morning at roll-call give a return of the fick of their refpeci

live fiquads to the

one

firft

fergeant,

who mull make out

company, and lofe no time in delivering furgeon, who will immediately vifit them, and order fuch as he thinks proper to the regimental hofpital ; fuch whofe cafes require ilieir being fent to the general hofpital, he is to tepoit immediately to the furgeon general, or principal furgeon attending the army. it

lor the

to the

Once every week (and oftener when required) the furgeon will deliver the commanding officer. of the regiment a return of the fick of the regiment, with their diforders, diftinguifhirg thole in the regimental hofpital from thofe out of it.

When

a foldier

is

fent

to the

hofpital, the

non-

commiffioned officer of his fquad fhall deliver up fiisarmrand accoutiements to the commanding officer of the company, that they may be depofiled in the regimental

arm

cheft.

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When

]

has been fick, he mud not be put on duty till he has recovered fufficient ftrength, of which the lurgeon fhould be judge. The furgeous are to remain with their regiments as well on a march as in camp, that in cafe of hidden accidents they may be at hand to apply the proper remedies. a foldier

CHAP.

-

XXV.

Of Reviews. Article I. Of Reviews

HEN drawn up

The

a battalion

is

to

in the following

ranks

of Parade. be reviewed,

manner

it

mull be

:

four paces di dance from each other ; the colors advanced four paces from the centre ; the colonel twelve paces before the colors ; the lieutenant-colonel four paces behind the colonel ; the major on the right of the battalion in the line of officers the adjutant behind jhe centre ; the officers commanding platoons eight paces before their intervals ; and the other officers on the fame line, equally diat

vided

*

in front of their refpeftive platoons ; the ferwho covered officers take their places in the front rank of their platoons the other non-commiffioned officers who were in the rear, remain there, falling back four paces behind the rear rank ; and the drummers and filers are equally divided on the wings of the battalion, dreffing with the front rank,

geants

;

f

The

general officer who is to review them being within thirty paces of the battalien, the colonel, or-

• tiers,

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Battalion

On

which

f

Prefent

men

—Arms

/

and the the right wing falute him according to his rank, the officers and colours falute him as he paffes in Front ol the battalion ; and on his arriving at the the

their arms,

prefent

drums on

drums beat the fame as on the right. colonel then commands,

the

left,

The

Shoulder

And when

Rear Rank !

On

—

Firelocks

which the

Clofe to the Front

officers face to their platoons.

March The

!

the general has advanced to the Front,

!

and the officers ftepping off at the fame time, thofe commanding in pofts front rank, and the the platoons take their others go through the intervals to their pofts in the rear rank clofes to the front,

rear.

The

colonel then

commands. Battalion

By

Platoons

!

To

the

Right

!

— Wheel

!

March

f

The whole wheel by

platoons to the right, and the colonel at the head of

march by the general ; the battalion, with the major behind him, followed by the drums of the right wing; the adjutant on the left of the fifth platoon; and the lieutenant-colonel in the rear, preceded by the drums of the left wing.

The officers and colours falute when within eight paces of the general; and the colonel having faluted, advances to him. The battalion having marched to its ground and formed, the general orders fuch exercife and tnanceuvres as he thinks proper.

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Article

Of Reviews

II.

of Infp'Hion,

review of infpeftion the battalion muft not be told off into platoons, but remain in companies, at open order ; the drums and fifes on the right, and the enfigns with the colours in front of their refpefilive companies. The infpe&or begins with a general review, palling along the front of the battalion from right to

For

left,

a

accompanied by the

and

field

ftaff officers.

The general review over, the colonel commands. Rear Rank ! Clofe to the Front ! March / The rear rank clofes to the front, the officers remaining

in front.

By companies

!

To

the

Right

Each company wheels then open

their ranks,

Non-Commiffioned

The

officers take officers

;

!

March

To

!

the captains

and order,

Officers !

March commiffioned companies.

— Wheel

to the right

the

Front

—

!

poll four paces, and the

two paces,

in

non-

front of their

Tne whole then order their firelocks by word of command from their captains, except the firft company, where the infpeftion begins ; when the firft company has been infpefcied, they order their firelocks, and the next company fhoulders the others proceed in the fame manner till the whole are infpe&ed. The field and ftaff officers accompany the infpector while he infpefts the companies and when the infpettion is over, the colonel forms the battalion, ;

;

H !

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and

caufcs it to perform any exercifc or manoeuvre* the infpeftor -thinks proper to order.

INSTRUCTIONS. JrJlruBions for the

Commandant of a Regiment.

i. he fiate having entrufled him with the care of a regiment, his greatefl ambition fhould be to have it at all times and in every refpeft as complete as pofiible ; to do which, he fhould pay great attention to the following objefcls

The prefervation of the foldiers’ health fhould be his firfl and greatefl care ; and as that depends in a great meafute on their cleanlinefs and manner of mull have a watchful eye over the officers of companies, that they pay the neceflary attention to their men in thofe refpe&s. The only means of keeping the foldiers in order is, to have them continually under the eyes of their fuperiors ; for which reafon the commandant fhould tife the uttnofl feverity to prevent their flragghng from their companies, and never fuffer them to leave the legiment without being under the care of a noncoimniflioned officer, except in cafes of neceffity. And in order to piev-. nt any man’s being abfent from the tegiment without his knowledge, he mufl often count the files, and fee that they agree wi,th the returns delivered him. flrifclly obliging every man returned fit for duty to appear under arms on all occafions; and if any are miffing, he mufl oblige the commanding officer ol the company to account for In a word, the commandant ought their ablence. to know upon what duty and where every man of Jiving, he

87

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To

is.

]

thefe points the other field ofv

mult alto pay attention. The choice ot non-commiffioned officers is alfo an object of the greateft importance the order and difeipline ot a regiment depends fo much upon their behaviour, that too much care cannot be taken in preferring none to that truft but thofe who, by their merit and good conduct, are entitled to it. Honefty,. fobriety, and a remarkable attention to every point of duty, with a neatnefs in their drefs, are indifpen-

fi-cers

:

fable requifites; a fpirit to command refpe6l and obedience from the men, and expertnefs in performing every part of the exercife, and an ability to teachif, are abfolutely neceflury j nor can a fergeant or corporal be faid to be qualified who does not write and read in a tolerable manner. Once every month the commandant fhould make

a general infpeflion of his regiment, examine into the flate of the men, their arms, ammunition, and

accoutrements, necefl'aries, camp utenfils, and every thing belonging to the regiment, obliging the com-

manding all

officers of

companies

to

account

Itrifd

ly for

deficiencies.

He

fhould alfo once every month affemble the field officers and the eldeft captain, to hold a council of adminillration, in which fhould be examined the books of the feveral companies, the pay-mailer

and quarter-mafter, to fee that all receipts and delivproper order, and the affairs of the regiment duly adminillertd. All returns of the regiment being figned by the eries are entered in

commanding officer, he fhould examine them with the greateft care before he fuffeis them to go out of his hands.

The commandant with his regiment to lodge out of