Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States, to which is added, an appendix, containing the United States Militia Act passed in Congress, May 1792

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REGULATIONS FOR THE

ORDER

DISCIPLINE

and

OF THE

TROOPS OF THE

UNITED

STATES.

TO WHICH

An

IS

ADDFD,

APPEND

I

X,

CONTAINING THE

UNITED STATES' MILITIA ACT, Pafled in Congrefs,

A

new

EDITION,

May, 1792.

illuftrated

by eight Copperplates,

accurately engraved.

by La'.e

BARON

Major General and

t

.

de S

T U

Jnfpeclor General

JLi.

of

E N,

the

Arm} of the

United States.

=r printed at e^eter, by

HENRT RANLET, Fault's Statue,

for

THOMAS

& ANDREWS,

No. 46, Newbury-Strcet, Boflon. MDCCXC1V.

.

In

CONGRESS,

igth March, 1779.

CONGRESS judging

it of the great eft importance to prefcribe fome invariable rules for tht Order and Difcipline of the Troops, efpecially for the

purpofe of introducing an uniformity An their formation and manoeuvres, and in the fervice of the camp :

Ordered,

ferved by

That the following Regulations be ob~ and

all the troops of the United States,

and other Officers caufe the fame to be executed with all poffible exaclnefs.

that all general

By Order,

JOHN JAT,

Prefident.

Aiteft,

Charles Thompson,

Extra ft of an

Sefry.

AB for the Regulating and Governing

the Militia of the

Commonwealth of Majfachu'

Pajfed June 11,

JettJ.

?

^JlND

be

it

further

1

7

93.

ena£kd by

the au-

thority afore fa id, That the rules of difcipline approved and efiabli/Jjed by Congrefs, in the.refolutions of the twenty -ninth day of March, one thcufand fe-

ven hundred and J evenly -nine, fhall be the rules and regulations of difcipline, to be obferved by the Mili-

Commonwealth except fuch deviations from faid rules, as may be neceffary by the requifitia of this

;

tions of this ail, or

Jlances

;

and every

fome other unavoidable circum-

Officer receiving a commijfton in

the Militia, Jhall immediately provide himfelf with

a

b.

ok containing thofe rules."

REGULATIONS, CHA

P.

&>c.

I.

-Of Jke^Arms and Accoutrements tf the- Offictrs, Non-commiffioned Officers] and Soldiers.

THE

arms and accoutrements of the officers, nonofficers, and foldiev&yfhould be uniform

commiffioned throughout.

The

officers

who

exercife their

fun&ions on horfeback,

armed with fWords, the platoon -officers with fwords and efpontoons, the non-commiffioned officers wifn fwords, firelocks, and bayonets, and the foldiers with firelocks and bayonets. are to be

CHA P. Objects with

which

the Officers

IJ.

and Non-commiffion-

ed Officers Jhould be acquainted.

TH

E officers and non-commiffioned officers of each regiment, are to be perfectly acquainted with the manual exercife, marchings and firings, that they may be able to inftrucl their foldiers when jieceflary ; they mull alfo be acquainted with die drefs, difcipline, and police of the troops, and with every thing that relates to the fervice. The commanding officer of,each regiment is to be anfwerable for the general inftru4

'

motio^nf ,^ "/,

Se 4th.

-

«*

fteel thefi *gers clenched /out that the

tur

of^thlcol

^'

and he

Bring the firelock dovm with a bride motion to 'th

fame djftance

the

Priv.

x

27

guard. 9 For the quarter guard.

be pofted three

to

is

and that of the fecond

it,

in the rear

will

camp

For the

f

of the fecond

fue the interval of the two battalions,

Each guard

quarter

I

of the front line

in front of

camp and

of

Drumm. -

1

The camp guard hundred. paces

will furnifh a confift

pod nine

line,

who

furniih

fentinels, viz.

line,

each oppoit.

one before the

guard, two on the right and two on the left; thefe five with thofe fi om the other battalions, forming a chain in the front and rear of the camp; the lixth. and feventl. fentinels before the colours and the eighth and ninth before the tents of the commanding officers of the

fentinels,

;

two

battalions.

In order to complete the chain of fentinels round the camp, the adjutant general will order uvo fiank guards from the line, to confill of a cojnmiffioncd officer, and as many men as are neceflary to »rm a chain on the.flanks.

The intention of the capp guards being to form a chain of fentmels round the camp, in order to prevent improper pcribns entering, or the foldiers going out of

commanding

of brigades will add them, foas to anfwer the above purpofe. officers

to,

camp, the

or diminifli

Ihe quarter guard is to be pofted twenty paces iri the rear of the line of waggons, and will furnifh' three fentinels, viz. cne at the guard, and one bchiad each battalion.

The guards of folio ws.

the general

and other

officers will

be af

A

Sub al. Major general

A

will have

-

Brigadier general Quarter-mailer general (asfuch) .Adjutant general

Serj. >erj.

Corp.

i

i i

Commiffary general Pay-mafter general Auditors Judge advocate general Mufter mafter general Clothier general

Brigade commiflary General hofpital Saccording to circumfhinces. Provoft guard } Any additional guard to the quarter-mailer, commiffary or clothier general, will be determined by the Ftores they may have in poffeffion. The different guards are all to mount at one hour, to be regulated by the commanding officer for the time being. The camp and quarter guards are to parade before the interval of their battalions, where they will be formed by the adjutant who furnifhes the officer, and immediately fent off to their refpe&ive pofts.

The guard of a major general is to be furmfhed from own divifion, each brigade furnifhing it by turns itjs to be formed by the major of brigade, and fent from tho his

;

brigade parade. The guard of a brigadier general

is to be furnifhed by brigade, and formed and fent from the brigade parade by the major of brigade. The brigade commiffary's guard is to be furnifhed in the fame manner.

his

own

The

other guards being compofed of detachments from by brigades, each detachment is formed on the brigade parade by the major of brigade, and fenl with an adjutant to the grand parade. All guards, except thofe which are honorary, mould ordinarily be of force proportioned to the number of fentinels required, allowing three relieves for each poft. thelinc

Article II, Of the grand Pttrade. As f©on as a detachment arrives on the grand the officer having drefTed the ranks, commands,

parade,

;

52

Order and then takes

ment

port

—

Firelocks

eight paces

!

in front

of his detach-

the non-commiilioned officers fall two paces into the rear, except one who remains on the right of every detachment. Each detachment takes pod on the left of ;

that preceding it, and ef the day as it arrives.

When the drefies the

is

examined by the brigade major

whole are afTembleJ, the adjutant of the day counts die files from right to left, and

line,

takes port on the right.

The brigade major then commands, Attention! Shoulder Firelock! Support

—

Officers

The

— Arms

and non-commiffioned Officers To the Centre March !

—

I

!

then march to the centre, and form themfelves, according to feniority, in one rank, iixteen paces in front of. the guards ; the non-commiffioned officers advance and form two ranks, four paces in the rear of the officers and with the fame diftance between their ranks. The brigade major then appoints the officers and nonofficers

commiffioned

officers to

their pofts

;

the officers in the

following manner

The

j ft on the right of the 2d on the left of the '3d in the centre, on the right of the 4th on the right of the 2d divifion, or 5th on the right of the 4th divifion, or 6th on the right of the 7th on the right of the 8th on the right of the 9th on the right of the

loth in the rear of tht I ith in ihe rear of the 1 2 th in the rear of the 1 3th in the rear of the 14th in the rear of the 1 5th in the rear of the 16th in the rear of the 1 7th in the rear of the 1 8th in the rear of tRe 19th in the rear of the 20th in the rear of the

ifn 8th

5 th

3^ 7 th

2d 8 th

4th 6th if.

8th 5 th

3d 7th

2d 6th 4th

5* ift

8th

>2

!

!

53 The non-commiffioned

A

officers are pofted thus ; ferjeant on the right of each platoon, and one on the left of the whole ; the reft as file clofers equally divided to each platoon.

Whflrt this is doing, the adjutant divides the guard into eight platoons, leaving proper intervals between the platoons for the officers who are to command them. t

The brigade major having appointed the officers, and commands; Officer* and non-commiffioned Officers ! To your pojis The officers and non-commiffioned officers face out«

the battalion being divided, he

wards from the

centre.

March

!

They go direcTiy to their pofts in the The brigade rm.jor then advances to of the day, informs him

battalion.

the genera} officer that the battalion* is formed, and

takes his directions relative to the ejeercife. The general of the day will ufualty order the manual exercife to be performed, and feme manoeuvres, fuch as he thinks proper the major or" brigade of the- Jay giving th?. ;

words of command.

The

major of brigade commands Fir docks ! The drums then beat from right to left of the parade, and paffing behind the officers of the day, take poll en exercife being Sniflicd.the

Order

—

their left.

The major of brigade Shoulder Officers

—

then orders,

Firelocks

!

Support

— Arms!

and Non-commiJJior^d Officers To the Centre- March !

—

'

They advance

as before

major appoints them to

to the centre,

amd the brigade

their refpetfive g-iards, takes the

name of the officer commanding each guard, and gives him the parole and countersign. The adjutant having in the mean time told off the guards, and divided them ir.to platoons, the brigade major then command?, Officers and Non-commijjioned Officers ! To your pojis ! March I

The

officers go to their refpe&ive pods. The, brigade major then cc mmands,

E

2

!

!

—

Arms Prefent advancing to the general, acquaints him that the guards are formed ; and on receiving his orders to march them off, he commands, And

Shoulder

—

Firelocks

—

By Platoons ! to the Right Wheel ! March ! The whole wheel and march by the general, the officers faluting him as they pafs and when the whole have pair;

ed, they wheel off and

march

to their refpeclive pofts.

Article

III.

Of relieving Guards and Sentinels. The guards in camp will be relieved every twenty four hours. The guards without the limits of the camp will fame manner but this muft depend on their diftances from camp, and other circumftances, which may fometimes require their continuing on duty for feveral days. In this cafe they muft be previoufly ordinarily be relieved in the

;

notified to provide themfelves accordingly.

The guards

are to

refpetfive pofts,

march

in

the greateft order to their

marching by platoons, whenever the roads

will permit.

When the new guard approachesthepoft, they carry their trmsi and the officer of the old guard, having his guard paraded, en the approach of the new guard, commands, Prefcnt

and

—Arms

!

guaid prefent their arms. The new guard marches paft the old guard, and takes ^>Oii three or four paces on its right, both guards fronting towards the enemy ; and the officer commands, his

—

Arms ! Prefent and the new guard prefent their arms. The two officers then approach each other, and the reBoth lieving officer takes his orders from the relieved. efficers then return to their guards, and commands, Shoulder

Non

Commiffioned

—

Firelocks

officers !

The non-commiffioned

officers

!

— March

Forward

of both guards,

who

!

are

.

'

55 to

relieve

the

fentinels,

advance

In

front of the

new

guard.

The

ferjeant of the

new guard

fentinels as are neceffary

;

then

tells

off as

many

and the corporal of the new

guard, conducted by a corporal of the old guard, relieves ihe fentinels, beginning by the guard houfe. When the fentinel fees the relief approach, he prefents his arms, and the corporal halting his relief at fix paces diftance,

commands,

-

—

Prejent—Arms .'Recover Arms ! command is only for the fentinel relieving, and

Thislaft the former immediately approachthe one to be relieved ing with the corporal, and having received his orders from and the fentry relieved the old fentry, takes his place marches into the ranks, placing himfelf on the left of the rear rank;

;

Front Both

— Fact

fentries face to the front.

Shoulder

—

Firelock

!

March and the

relief proceeds in the

!

The

corporal then orders

Support-— Arms

f

!

fame manner

till

the whole

are relieved. If the fentries are numerous, the ferjeants are to be employed as well as the corporals in relieving them. When the corporal returns with the old fentinels, he leads them before the old guard, and difmiffes them to their ranks.

The officer of the old guard then forms his guard in the fame manner as when he mounted, and marches them in order to camp. Asfoon as he arrives in the camp, he halts, forms the men of the different brigades together, and fends them to their refpeetive brigades, conducted by a non-commiillonor careful fol.dier. the old guard march off, the new guard prefent their arms, till they are gone, then (houlder, face to the left, and take the place of the old guard

ed

officer,

When

The officer then orders a non-commiffioned officer t© take down the names of the guards in the following manser.

56 Hours they goon, 10—4,1 6.-4. 12-6, 12-6, Men's

Men's nam.

2

—

8,

2—-f.

Men's nam.

Pofl No.

Suppofe the guard to eonfift cf twenty four men, and to furnifh eight ientinels, they are divided into three relieves,

and the pofts being numbered, beginning always with the guard houfe, each man's name is put down againft the

number of

the poll he will always /land fentry at duringthe guard,by which mean an officer knows what particular

man was

at any poft during

any hour of the day or night. of fentries is always to be marched in the greateil order, and with fupported arms, the corporal often looking back to obferve the conduct of the men and if an officer approaches, he is to order his men to handte their arms, fupporting them again when he has paffed. The corporals are to be anfwerable that the fentries, when relieving, perform their motions with the greateft

The

relief

;

fpirit

A

and

exacinefs.

who is detected in having the infolence to luffer fentries to relieve each other, without his being prefcorporal

ent, fhall, as well as the fentry fo relieved, be feverely pun* iflied.

Article IV. InjlruFtions to Officers on

Guard.

On

the vigilance of the officer depends not only the fafe* ty of his guard, but that of the whole army.

As

highly nscefTary an officer Ihould have fomehis fkualion, he muft, immediately after relieving the-cld guard, vifit die fentinels, and examine the ground round his port ; and if he tfrinks the fentries not fufficient to fecure him from a furprife, he is at liberty to place more, acquainting therewith the general or field officer of the day who* vifits his poll ; but without their leave he is not to alter any that are already polled. He it

is

knowledge of

;

57 mull caufo the roads leading to the enemy and to the next pofts to be well reconnoitred by an officer of the guard, or for want of one, by an intelligent non-commiffioned officer and fome faithful men, inform himfelf of every thing neceffary for hisfecurity, and ufe every poffible precaution againft a furprife. . He muft permit no ft'ranger It to enter his port, nor fuffer his men to talk with him. a fufpicious perfon, or a deferter from the- enemy approaches; he muft ftop him and fend him to head quar-

He

muft on no account accoutrements, or ftragand if watgle more than twenty paces from the guard er or any other necefiaiies are wanted for the guard, they ters,,

or to

a fuperior

officer.

fuffer the ioldiers to pull off their

;

muft be fent for by a non commiffioned officer and fome men, with their arms if at an out poft, on no account but never whilft the_ fuffering a foldier to go by himfelf He muft examine every relief fentinels are relieving. before it is fent off; fee that their arms are loaded and in order, and that the men are acquainted with their duty ;

;

by any accident a man fhould get the leaftdifguifed with liquor, he muft on no account be fuffered to go on

and

if

fentry.

every relief the guard muft parade, and the roll be and during the night, and when near the enemy, ; during the day, the guard muft remain under arms till

At

called

the relief returns. During the day the men may be permitted to reft themguard felves as much as is confident with the fafety of the bufjn the night, no man muft be fuffered to lay down or in his fleep on any account, but have his arms conftantly

hands, and be ready to fall in on the leaft alarrm Between every relief the fentries muft be vifited by a non-commiffioned officer and a file of men and, when more than one officer is on guard, as often as poffible by patrol alfo muft be frequently fent on tha an officer. ;

A

roads leading to the enemy. mutt (top During the day, the fentinels on the out pofts till they have not, or armed whether men, of every party been examined by the officer of the guard. given to As foon as it is dark, the countersign muft be the

fentinels

of the piquets and advanced pofts, after them ; an* to challenge all that approach

which they are

5* any perfon, after being ordered to ftarid, fhould continue to approach or attempt to efcape, the fentry, after challenging him three times, muft fire on him. The feminels of the interior guards of the camp will receive the counterfign, and begin to challenge, at fuch if

hfiurs as (hall be determined in orders, according to cir-

cumflances.

A

fentinel, on perceiving nny perfon approach, muft challenge brifkly, and never fufFer more than one to adif the pervance, till he has the counterfign given him fon challenged has not the counterfign, the fentry muft call the ferjeant of the guard, and keep the perfon at a ;

little

diftance

from

his poll:,

till

the ferjeant

comes

to ex-

amine him. fentry dn an out pod perceives more than approach, he muft 6rder them to Hand, rtnd Iht-^ mediately pafs the word for the ferjeant of the guard the officer of the guard muft immediately parade his guard* and fend a ferjeant with a party of men to examine the party ; The non-commiffioned officer muft order the commanding officer of the party to advance, and conduct him' to the officer of the guard ; who, in cafe he is unacquainted with his perfon, and does net choofe to truft either to his cloathing or to his knowledge of the counterfign, muft

Whenever a

.

three

men

;

demand his paffport, and examine him ftriclly convinced of his belonging to the army', muft

;

and let

it

him

pafs.

If a fentry, on challenging, is anfwered relief, patrol or round, he muft in that cafe order the ferjeant or corporal to advance with the counterfign ; and if he-is then affiired of their being the relief, &c. he may fuller them to advance. fentinel muft take the greateft care not to be furprifed he mud never fufFer the perfon who advances to give the cour.terfign, to approach within reach of his arms, and always charge his bayonet. The officers wbo mount the camp guards muft give orders to their fentries not to fufFer any perfon to pafs in or out of camp, except by one of the guards, nor then till the officer of the guard has examined him. In cafe one of the guard deferts, the officer muft immediately change the counterfign, and fend notice thereof

A ;

5$ general of the day who is to communicate the fame to the other guards, and the adjutant general. As foon as the officer of a guard difcovers the approach of the enemy, he muft immediately fend notice to the neareft general officer, call in the fentries, and put himfelf in the beft pofture of defence. If attacked on his t©

the

he

:

defend it to the utmoft of his power, nor compelled by fuperior force and even then he muft retire in the greateft order, keeping a- fire on the enemy, whofe fuperioiity, however great, can never juftify a guard's retiring in diforder. Should the enemy purfue a guard into camp, the officer muft take care to retire through the intervals of the battalions, and forming in the rear of the line, wait for further orders. When an officer is ported at a bridge, defile, or any work, with orders to maintain it, he muft defend himfelf to the laft extremity, however fuperior the force of the enemy may be, as it is to be fuppofcd that the general who gave thofe orders will reinforce him, or order him to retire whenever he thinks it proper. An officer muft never throw in the whole of his file at oqce for which reafon evrry guard is to be divided into two or more diviiions or platoons, according to its ftrength; any number above eight and under feventy-eight mon forming two platoons the eldeft officer taking poft on the right of the firft platoon,the next eldeft on the right of the fecond platoon, and the third on the left of the' whole the non-commiffioned officers cover the officers the drum is to be on the right of the captain, and the fentinel one pace advanced cf the drum. If the guard coniiiis of no more than twelve mer, it terms in one rank. port,

will

retreat, unlefs

;

;

;

;

;

Article V. Method of going and The general and field

rect iviiig the

Grand Romids.

of the day will vifit the feveral guards during the day, as often and at fuch hours as they judge proper. When the fentry before the guard perceives the officer of the day, he will call to the guard to turn out; and the guard,being paraded, on the approach of the officer of the day prefent their arms. The officer of the day will examine the guard fee that officers

j

.

6o none are abfent

}»that their arms and accoutrements are in order that the officers and non-commiffioned officers are acquainted with -their duty and that the fentinels are prop;

;

erly pofted

and have received proper orders.

Not only the officers of the day, but all general officers are at liberty to vifit the guards and make the fame examination.

The officer

officers of the guard (hall give the parole to the of the day, if demanded.

During the grand rounds.

When

the officers of the day will

night,

the officer of the

whence he intends

day

arrives at the

go

the

guard from

he will make himfeif known as fuch by giving the officer cf the guard the parole. He will then order the guard under arms, and having examined it, demand an efcort of a ferjearit and two men, and proceed to the next poft. When the rounds are challenged by a fentinel, they to begin his rounds,

anfwer, Grand rounds ! and the fentry will reply, Stand, Grand rounds! Advance ferjeant ivith the count erfign! Upon which the ferjeant advances and gives the counter-

"will

The fentinel will then* cry, Advance, rounds ! and prefent his arms till they have pafTed. When the fentry before the guard challenges, and is anfwered, Grand rounds ! he will reply, Stand, Grand rounds! Turn out the guard I Grand rounds ! Upon the fensign.

guard is to be turned out and drawn up good order, with fhouldered arms, the officers taking their pofts. The officer commanding ihe guard will then order a ferjeant and two men to advance towards the round and challenge. When the ferjeafit of the guard comes within ten paces of the rounds, he is to halt and challenge brifkly. The ferjeant of the rounds is to anfwer, Grand rounds ! The ferjeant of the guard replies, Stand, grand rounds ! advance ferjeant with the counterfign ! and orders his men to prefent their arms. The ferjeant of the rounds advances alone, and giving the counterfign, returns to his rounds and the ferjeant of the guard calls to his officer, The counterfign is right ! On which the officer of the guard calls, Advajice, rounds! The officer of the rounds then advances alone, and on his approach t] guard prefent their arms. The officer of the rounds pafltinel's calling, the

in

;

6i along the front of the guard immediately to the officer, keeps his poft on the right, and gives him the parole. He then examines the guard, orders back his efcort, and demanding anew one, proceeds in the fame manner to the other guards. cs

who

Article VI. Honors due from Guards

to General Officers and others. To the commander in chief: All guards turn out With prefented arms ; the drums beat a march, and the officers falute.

To major generals and beat two ruffles.

:

They

turn out with prefented arms,

To brigadier generals: They turn out with prefented arms, and beat one

To

ruffle.

of the day They turn out with prefented arms, and beat according to their rank. Except from thefe rules a general officer's guard, which turns out and pays honors only to officers of fuperior rank to the general whofe guard it is. officers

:

To colonels Their own quarter guards turn out once a day with prefented arms; after which they only turn out :

with ordered arms.

To

lieutenant colonels: Their

own

out once a day with mouldered arms ly turn out and ftand by their arms.

;

quarter guards turn after which they on-

To majors Their own quarter guards turn out once a day with ordered arms at all other times they ftand by :

;

arms. When a lieutenant colonel or major commands a regiment, the quarter guard Is to pay him the fame honors as are ordered to a colonel. All fentries prefent their arms to general officers, and to the field officers of their own regiments to all other commiffioned officers they ftand with mouldered arms. The prefident of congrefs, all govenors in their own ftates, and committees of congrefs at the army, fhall have the fame honors paid them as the commander in chief. When a detachment with arms pafTes before a guard,the guard fhall be under arms, and the drums of both beat a their

;

march.

F

:

62

When a detachment without arms pafies, the guard (hall turn out and (land by their arms. After dark no honors are to be paid ; and when near the enemy, no honors are to be paid with the drum.

CHAP. Of the

XXIII.

Arms' and Ammunition , with the Methods of preferving them.

THE

prefervation of the arms and ammunition is an Comobject that requires the greateft attention. manding officers of regiments mull be anfwerable for thofe

of

their regiments,

and captains for

their refpeclive

compa-

nies.

An

of a company muft every morning at rollminutely into the (late of the men's arms, accoutrements and ammunition and if it mall appear that a foldier has fold, or through careleifnefs loft or damaged any part of them, he muft be confined and punifhed, and For ftoppages made of his pay, as hereafter mentioned which purpofe fuch officers fliall certify to the commanding officer of the regiment the names of the delinquents, and the lolfes or damages which (hall appear of their arms, ammunition and accoutrements ; and the commanding officer, after due examination, (hall order ftoppages to be made for whatever (hall appear to have been fold, loft or damaged as aforefaid. The ftoppages to be as follows For a firelock, fixteen dollars; a bayonet, two dollars ; a ram-rod, one dollar a cartridge-box, four dollars ; a bayonet-belt, one dollar officer

call inipecl

;

:

;

;

a fcabbard, two thirds of a dollar ; a cartridge, one fixth of a dollar : a flint, one twentieth of a dollar ; a gun-worm, one fourth of a dollar ; a fcrew-driver, one twelfth of a dollar

And

fuch fums mated by

;

and ammunition damaged,

for arms, accoutrements

as the repairs (hall coll the dates,

to be

elli-

when a corps is decommanding officer (hall

the brigade conductor, or,

tached, by fuch perfon as appoint for that purpofe

its ;

provided that fuch (lop-

_6£ pages do 'not exceed one half the delinquent's pay * monthly. It is highly eflenttal to the fervice that the ammunition Ihould be at all times kept complete ; for which purpofe, as often as is neceffary, a return is to be made by each company of the number of cartridges deficient, to the quarter-mafter, that he may make out a general one for the regiment, to be figned by the commanding officers of the regiment and brigade, and no time loft in fupplying the de-

The like care is to be takeo that all deficiencies of arms and. accoutrements are fupplied without lofs of ficiency.

time.

All arms, accoutrements and ammunition unfit for ferand fent by the commanding officer of each company to the regimental quarter-mafter, who (hall deliver the fame to the brigade con^

vice, are to be carefully preferved

ductor, they refpeclively giving receipts for

what they

re- /

The arms, accoutrements and ammunition zf the fick and others, when delivered up, are to be taken care of ceive.

in the

fame manner.

Before the cartridge-boxes are put muft be taken out to pre-

in the arm-chefts, the cartridges

vent any lofs or accident. conductor fhall be appointed to each brigade, who fhall have under his immediate care and direction a travelling forge and five or fix armourers, an ammunition waggon, and a waggon with an arm-cheft for each battalion, each theft to hold twenty-five arms, to receive the arms and accoutrements wanting repair, or of the men fick or

A

abfent and when the arms delivered in by a battalion {haft exceed the above number, the furplus (hall be fent to the :

commiffaryof military

ftores.

The

brigade conductor {hall iffite no ammunition but by order of the commanding officer of the brigade ; but may

a»d deliver the arms and accoutrements of each by order of its commanding officer. The ammunition waggon fhall contain twenty thoufand cartridges and in order to keep the feme complete, the receive

battalion,

;

conductor

fhall, as deficiencies arife,apply to the field

com

miffary, or one of his deputies, for a fuppiy, or otherwife for the neceffary materials of cartridges, and to the major of brigade for men to make them up under the direction of the conductor ; and for this purpofe the brigade major fhall.

crder out a party of the moft careful

foldiers.

6|_ The non-commiffioned officers of each company will he provided with gun-worms ; and every day,at the noon rollcall of the company,thofemen who have returned from duty the are to bring their arms and have their charges drawn ;

firft

ferjeant to receive the

fame

powder and ball,and

deliver the

to the quarter-mafter.

CHAP. Of the

THERE

XXIV.

Treatment of the Sick.

nothing \\;hich gains an officer the love of more than his care of them under the dif.trefs of ficknefs it is then he has the power of exerting his humanity in providing them every comfortable necefiary, and making their fituation a9 agreeable as poffible. Two' or three tents fliould be fet apart in every regiment fof tv,- reception of fuch fick as cannot be fent to the geAnd eneral hofpital, or whofe cafes may not require it. very company fhall be conftantly furnifhed with two facks to be filled occafionally with ftraw.and ferve as beds for the Thefe facks to be provided in the fame manner as fick. cloathing for the troops, and finally ifTued by the regimental clothier to the captain of each company, who fhall b« anfwerable for the fame. When a foldier dies,or is difmiffed the hofpital, the ftravr he lay on is to be burnt, and the bedding well wafhed and aired before another is permitted to ufe it. The ferjeants and corporals fhall every morning at rollcall give a return of the fick of their refpective fquads to the make out one for the company, firlt ferjeanr^ who mud and lofe no time in delivering it to the furgeon, who will immediately vifit them, and order fuch as he thinks propfuch whofe cafes require er to the regimental hofpital their being fent to the general hofpital, he is to report immediately to the furgeon general, or principal furgeon atis

his foldiers

;

;

tending the army. Once every week (and oftener

when required)

the fur-

geon will deliver the commanding officer of the regiment a return of the fick of the regiment, with their diforders, dittinguifliing thofe in the regimental hofpital from ihofe out of

it.

!

When a foldier is fent to the hofpital, the non-commiffioned officer of his fquad fhall deliver up his arms and accoutrements to the commanding officer of the company, that they may be depofited in the regimental arm cheft. When afoldier has been fick,he mud not be put on duty till he has recovered fufficient ftrength, of which the fur-geon mould be judge. Th« furgeons are to remain with their regiments as well on a march as in camp, that in cafe of fudden accidents they may be at hand to apply the proper remedies.

C PL A

P.

XXV.

Of Reviews. Article I. Of Reviews of Parade.

WHEN up

a battalion

is

in the "following

»

to be revie\ved,it

mud

be drawn

manner.

The ranks at four paces diftance from e?ch other ; the colours advanced four paces frorv. the centre ; the colonel twelve paces before the colours the lieutenant colonel four paces behind the colonel she major on the right of the ;

:

battalion in the line of officers ; the adjutant behind, the centre; the officers commanding platoons eight paces before their intervals and the other officers on the fame line equally divided in front of their refpeclive platoons ; the ferjeants who covered officers take their places in the front rank of their platoons ; the other non-commiffioned ;

who were in the rear, remain there, failing hack four paces behind the rear rank and the drummers ai fifers are equally divided on the wings of the battalion, dreffing with the front rank. The general officer who' is to review them being within thirty paces of the -battaiior, the colonel orders officers

;

Battalion ! Prefent—r-Arms which the men prefent their arms, and the drums on the* right wing falute him according to his rank,the officers and colours falute him as he paffes in front of the battalion and on his arriving at the left, the drums beat the fame as on the right.

On

;

The

colonel then

commands

F

2.

!

!

!

66 Shoulder~~-Firelocks

And when

the general lias

Rear Rank

On

which the

!

advanced to the

Clofe

to the front,

Front

officers face to their platoons.

March

!

The

rear rank clofes to the front, and the officers ftepping off at the fame time, thofe comm Tiding platoons take their pofts in the front rank, and the others go through the intervals to their pofts in the rear.

The

colonel then

commands

By

Platoons

To

Battalion !

the

Right,— Wheel ! March

!

The whole wheel by platoons to the right, and march by the general the colonel at the head of the battalion, with the major behind him, followed bythe drums of the right wing the adjutant on the left of the fifth platoon ; and the lieutenant colonel in the rear, preceded by the drums of the left wing. The officers and colours falute when within eight paces of the general and the colonel having fainted, advances ;

;

;

to him,

Thebattalion having marched to

its

ground and formed,

the general orders fuch exercife and maaceuvres as he thinks proper.

Article

Of Reviews

II.

of infpetlion.

muft not be told remain in companies,, at open order; the drums and fifes on the right, and the enfignswith the colours in front of their refpeciive companies.

For a review of

infpection the battalion

off into platoons,but

The infpector begins with a general review, paffing along the front of the battalion from right to left, accompanied by the field and ftaff officers. The general review over,the colonel

commands

Rear Rank The

!

Clcfe to the

Front

!

March

!

rear rank clofes to the front, the officers remaining

in front.

By

companies

!

To

the.

Right,—-Wheel

!

March

!

Each company wheels

to the right

open their ranks, and order No/i commijioned Officers

The

!

To

officers take pott: four paces,

;

the captains then

the Front

— March

!

and the non-commif-

fioned officers two paces, in front of their companies-.

The whole then order their firelocks by word of command from their captains,except the firfl: company, where when the firfl; company has been they order their firelocks, and the next company moulders ; the others proceed in the fame manner till

the infpection begins

;

infpeifted,

the whole are infpected.

The field and ftaff officers accompany theinfpector while h" infpects the companies; and when the infpection is over, the colonel forms the battalion, and caufes it to perform any exercife or manoeuvres the infpedor thiaks proper to order.

INSTRUCTIONS. Injlrutlions for the

Commandant of a Regiment-

THE

ftate having entrufled him with the care of a regiment, his greateft ambition fhould be to have it at To all times and in every refpecY as complete as poffible do which, he fhould pay great attention to the following ;

objects

The

:

prefervation of the foldier&health fhould be his

firfl

and greateft care and as that depends in a great meafure on their cleanlinefs and manner of living, he rnuft have a ;

watchful

eye over officers of companies, that the they pay the necefTary attention to their men in.thofe re.fpecls

The only means- of keeping the foldiers in order is, fo have them continually under the eyes of their fuperiors ; for which reafon the commandant fhould ufe the utmoft feverity to prevent their ftraggling from their companies, and'never fuffer them to leave the regiment without being under the care of a non-commiffioned officer, except in cafes of neceffity. And in order to prevent any man's being abfent from the regiment without his knowledge, he muft often count the files, and fee that they agree with the re-

68 turns delivered him,ftriclly obliging' every man returned for duty to appear under arms on all occafions } and if any are miffing, he mull oblige the commanding officer of the company to account for their abfence. In a word,the fit

commandant ought every

man

to

know upon what duty and where

of his regiment

is.

To

thefe points the

other

muft alfo pay attention. The choice of non commiffioned officers is alfo an object of the greateft importance the order and difcipline of a regiment depends fo much upon their behaviour, that too much care cannot be taken in prefering none to that trull but thofe who by their merit and good conduct are entiHonefty, fobriety, and a remarkable attention tled to it. to every point of duty, with a neatnefs in their drefs, are indifpenfable requisites ; a fpirit to command refpect and obedience from the men, and expertnefs in performing every part of the exercifc, and an ability to teach it, are abfolutely neceflary nor can aferjeantor corporal be faid to be qualified who does not write and read in a tolerable manner. field officers

:

;

Once every month the commandant fhould make a general inflection of his regiment, examine into the (late of the men, their arms, ammunition, and accoutrements, neceffaries, camp-utenfils, and every thing belonging to the regiment, obliging the

commanding

officers (5f

companies

to account flrietly for all deficiencies.

He

fnouldvlfo once every

month

affemble the fieldofficers

and the eldeft captain, to hold a council of adminiftration in which fhould be examined the booksof the fevcral companies, the pay-inafter and quarter-mafter, to fee that all receipts and deliveries are entered in proper order, and the of the regiment duly adminiftered All returns of the regiment being figned by the commanding officer,he fhould examine them with the greateft care before he fuffers them to go out of his Lands. The commandant muft always march and encamp with his regiment nor muft he permit any officer to lodge out of camp, or in a houfe except in cafe of ficknefs. On a march he muft keep his regiment together as much affairs

;

as poffible, and not fuffer the officers to leave their platoons without his permiffion nor permit any of them, on ;

any pretence whatfoeverj to mount on horfeback.

—There

% no fatigue the foldiersgo through that the officers fhould not (hare ; and on all occafions they fhould fet theip examples of patience and perfeverauce. When a regiment is on a march, the. commandant will order a ferjeant and fix men .into the rear, to bring up all ftraggiers; and the ferjeant on his arrival in camp or quai> ters, muft make his report to him.. In a word, the commanding officer of a regiment muft preferve the ftricteft difcipline & order in his corps, obliging every officer to a ftric"t performance ot his duty, without relaxing in the fm ailed point puniihing impartially the faults that are committed, without difiinclion of rank or 5s

;

fervice.

Injlruttions for the

THE

Major.

charged with the difci* pline, arms, accoutrements, cloatbing, and generally, with the whole interior management and economy of the

major

is

particularly

regiment.

He mud

have a watchful eye over the officers", and odo their duty on every occafion ; he muft often caufe them to be exercifed in his pretence, and inftrucl them how to command their platoons and preferve

them

blige

to

their tfiftances.

•

He

muft endeavour to make his regiment perform their exercife & manoeuvres with the greaieft vivaeiiy and precifion, examine often the ftate of the different companies, making the captains anfwer for any deficiencies he may perceive, and reporting the fame to the colonel. He muft pay the greateft attention to have all orders executed with the ftri&eft punctuality, fo far as refpe&s his regiment; and mould every week examine the adjutant and quarter-mailer's books,and fee that all returns,order6, and other matters,the objects of their refpe&ive duties are regularly entered He muft caufe to be kept a regimental book, wherein fhould be entered the name and rank of every officer, the date of his commiffion,& the time he joined the regiment, the name and defcription of every non-commiffioned officer and foldier, his trade or occupition, the place of his birth

and ufual

refidence, where,

when and

for

what term

70 he was enltfted copies of

all

difcharges, furloughs and' courts martial, returns, and every cafualty that happen-, in the ;

regiment.

He mud be at all times well acquainted with the ftrength of his regiment and brigade, and the details of the army, and fee that his regiment furnifhes no more than its propoi tion for duty.

He muft often infpeft the detachments for duty furnifhed by his regiment,fee that they are complete in every refpect and formed agreeably to the regulation?. On a march he muft often ride along the flanks of his regiment, fee that the platoons march in order, and keep their proper diftances.

When the regiment is detached, he will poft the guards ordered by the colonel, often vifit them, examine whether the officers, non-commiffioned officers and fentinels are acquainted with their duty, and give them the neceflary inftructions.

InJlruBions for the Adjutant.

THE

adjutant is to be chofen from among the fubalterns, the field officers taking care to nominate one the mod intelligent and beft acquainted with the fervice. He muft keep an exact detail of the duty of the officers & non-commiffioned officers of his regiment, taking care to regulate his roller in fuch a manner as not to have too many officers or non-commiffioned officers of the fame company on duty at the fame time. He muft keep a book, in which he muft every day take the general and other orders, and {hew them to the commanding officer of the regiment, who having added thofe he thinks neceffary for the regiment, the adjutant muft affemble the firft ferjeants of the companies, make them copy the orders, and give them their details for the next day. He muft attend the parade at the turning out of all guards or detachments, infpeft their drefs, arms, accoutrements and ammunition, form them into platoons or feetions,and conduct them to the general or brigade parade. .When the regiment parades for duty or exercife, he muft count it off, and divide it into divisions and platoons, and carry the orders of, the colonel where ncceifary.

The

adjutant

officers

On

a

and

is

officer

to receive -no orders

but from the

field

commanding a battalion.

march he muft

along the flanks of the regiment obferved, and mult pay attention to the ferjeant in the rear, that he brings up all ftraglers. On the arrival of the regiment in camp, his fir ft care is to form and fend off the guards ; and when the tents are pitched.he muft immediately order out the neceffary number of fatigue men to dig the vaults or finks, and open to fee that regularity

r.'Ie

is

communications where neceffary. He will then form the detichments for wood, water and other neceffaries. He muft be conftantly with the regiment, ready to receieve and execute any orders that may come ; nor muft he go from his tent without leaving an officer to do his duty, or directions where he may be found.

InjlruBions for the Quarter- Mafier.

THE

quarter-mafter, being charg-d with encamping at all times acquainted with its Itrength, that. he may require no more

and quartering the regiment, ihouid be

have more tents pitched than which he is accountable. He muft inform the regiment where to fetch their wood, water "and other neceffarics, and where to pafture the horfes. He muft inftruct the quarter-mafter ferjeant and pioneers -in the manner of laying out the camp, agreeably to the

ground than the

number

is

neceffary, nor

prefcribed

;

for both

order prefcribed in the regulations. He is anfwerable for the cleanlinefs of the camp, and that the foldiers make no fire any where but in the kitchens.

When

-

the

army marches, he muft conduft

the pioneers

to the place appointed, and order the quarter-mafter ferjeant

take charge of the baggage. is to make out all returns for camp equipage, arms, accoutrements, ammunition, provifions and forage, and receive and diftribute them to the regiment, taking the neceffary vouchers for the delivery, and entering all receipts and deliveries in a book kept by him for that purpofe.

•to

He

He

muft pay particular attention to the prefervation of

camp equipage, caufe the neceffary repairs to be done when wanting, and return every thing unfit for ufe to tbe the

flores

from which he drew them.

72 prefervation of the arms, accoutrements & ammuruof fuch efiential importance, that he rtluft be ftri&ly attentive to have thofe of the (ick, of the men on furlough, difcharged, or detached on command without arms, taken care of and depofited with the brigade conductor, as di-

The

tion

is

reeled in the regulations.

InJlruHions for the Captain.

A

CAPTAIN

of the company charge. He mtift pay the greateft attention to the health of his men, their the ftate has

difcipline,

cannot be too

committed

cnrefttl

to his

arms, accoutrements, ammunition, clothes and

neceflaries.

object mould be, to gain the Iove-ef his men, by them with ev*ry poffible kindneA and humanity, enquiring into their complaints, and when well founded, feeing them redrefled. He mould know every man of his company by name and character.) He fhould often vi fit ,

His

firft

treating

thofe who are fick, fpeak tenderly to them, fee that the public provifion, whether of medicine or diet, is duly adminiftered, and procure them befides fuch comforts and conveniencies as are in his power. The attachment that arifes from this kind of attention to the fick and wounded, is almoft inconceivable ; it Will moreover be the means of preferving the lives of many valuable men. He muft divide his company into four fquads, placing

each under the particular care of a non-commiffioned officer, who is to be anfwerable for the drefs and behaviour of the men of his fquad. He muft be very particular m the daily and weekly infpeclions of his men, caufing all deficiencies to be immediand when he difcovers any irregularity i» ately fupplied the drefs or conduct of any foldier, he -muft not only punifh him, but the non-commiffioned officer to whofe fquad he ;

belongs.

He muft keep a ftritt eye over the conduct of the noncommiffioned officers ; oblige them to do their duty with and ufe every pofnble mean to keep the greateft exactnefs up a proper fubordination between them and the foldiers » For which reafon he'muft never rudely reprimand tbem in prefence oflhe men,but at all times treat them with p; op;

er refpetf.

73

6

He muft pay the utmoft attention to every thing which contributes to the health of the men, & oblige them to keep themiclves and every thing belonging to them in the greateft cleanlinefs and order. He muft nevef fuffer a man who has any infectious disorder to remain in the company, but fend him immediately to the hofpitai, or other place provided for the reception of fuch patients,to prevent thefpreadAnd when any man is fick, or othering of the infection. wife unfit for duty, or abfent, he muft fee that his arms and accoutrements are properly taken care of, agreeably to the regulations prefcribed. He muft keep a book, in which muft be entered the name; and defcription of every non-commtflioned officer andfoldier of his company ; his trade or occupation ; the place of his birth and ufual residence ; where, when and for what term he infilled ; difcharges, furloughs, copies of all returns, and every cafualty that happens in the company. He muft alio keep an account of all arms, accoutrements, ammunition, clothing, neceftaries and camp equipage delU vered his company, that on infpecting it he may be able to difcover any deficiencies. When the company arrive at their quarters after a march, he muft not difmifs them till the guards are ordered out, and, if cantoned, the billets distributed, which muft be as near together as pofllble ; and he muft ftriclly prohibit his men from vexing the inhabitants,and caufe to be puniftied any that offend in that refpect. He muft acquaint them with the hours of roll-eall and going for pnrvifions, with their alarm port, and the hour of in the morning. If the company make any ftay in a place, he muft, previous to their marching, infpect into their condition, examine their knapfacks, and fee that they carry nothing but what is allowed, it being a material object to prevent the foldicr loading himfelf with unnecefiary baggage.

march

TH

InflruBionsfor the Lieuknant.

E

lieutenant, in the abfence of the captain, commands the company, and fhould therefore make him-

acquainted with the duties of that ftation ; he muft alfo be perfectly, acquainted wish the duties of the non-commiflioned officers and foldiers, and fee them performed with

felf

the greatcft exactnefs.

— 74

He Jiis

fhould endeavour to gain the love of his men, by attention to every tiling which may contribute to their

health and convenience. He fliould often vilit them at different hours ; infpeft into their manner of living ; fee that their provifions are good and well cooked, and as far as poffible oblige them to take their meals at regulated hours.

He fliould pay attention to their complaints, and when well founded, endeavour to get them redrefTed but difcouragc them from complaining on every frivolous occafion. He muft not fufFer the foldicrs to be ill treated by the non-commifhoned officers through malevolence, or from any pique or refentment ; but muft. at the fame time be careful that a proper degree of fubordinaticn is kept up between them. Although no officer fhould be ignorant of the fervice of the guards, yet it particularly behoves the lieutenant to be perfectly acquainted with that duty he being oftener than any other officer entr lifted with the command of a guard a truft of the higeft importance, on the faithful execution of which the'fafety of an army depends ;• and in which the officer has frequent opportunities to diftinguifh himfelf by his judgment, vigilance and bravery. ;

;

Inftruclions for the Enfign. Eenfign is in a particular manner charged with the cleanlinefs of die men, to which he muft pay the

TH

greateft attention.

When

the

company parades, and

whilft the captain

and

lieutenant are examining the arms and accoutrements, th« enfign muft infpecT: the drefs of the foldiers, obferving whether they are clean, and every thing about them in the

and duly noticing any who in thefe refpe&s are deficient. He muft be very attentive to the conduct of the noncommiffioned officers, obferving that they dotheir duty with the greateft exactnefs that they fupport a proper authority and at the fame time do not ill treat the men through any pique or refentment. As there are only two colours to a regiment, the enfigns muft carry them by turns, beinw warned for that fervice by the adjutant. When on that duty, they Ihould con fide r the importance of the truft repofed in them ; and when beft order poffible,

;

75 in atfion,refolve

ing in

not to part with the colours but with their

Asitisbythem

lives.

the battalion drefl'es when march-

they fhould be very careful to keep a regular flep, and by frequent practice accuftom themfelves to march ftraight forward to any given object. line,

Injlruflions for the Serjeant Major.

THE

ferjant major, being at the head of the non-commiffioned officers, muft pay the greateft attention to their conduct and behaviour, never conniving at the lead irregularity committed by them or the foldiers, from both of whom he muft exact the molt implicit obedience. He

mould be well acquainted with the interior management and difcipline of the regiment, and the manner of keeping rofters and forming details.. He muft always attend the parade, be very expert in counting off the battalion. and in

whom

every other bufinefs of the adjutant, to

he

is

an

tiffiftant.

InflruHionsfor the Quarter Majler Serjeant.

HE

is an affiftant to the quarter-mafterof the regiment, and in his abfence is to do his duty.unlefs an officer

be fpecially appointed for that purpofe He ihould therefore acquaint himfelf with all the duties cf the quartermafter before mentioned. When the army marches he muft fee the tents properly packed and loaded, and go with the baggage,fee that the waggoners commit no, diforders, and that nothing is loft out of the waggons. :

InJlruBions for the Firfi Serjeant cf a Company.

THE

having acquired that degree of confident be appointed firft ferjeant of th e company, fhould confider the importance of his office ; that the difcipline of the company,the conduct ci the men, their exactnefs in obeying orders and the regularity of their manners, will in a great meafure depend on his viof

foldier

his officers as to

gilance.

He

fhould be intimately acquainted with the character

of every foldier of the company, and fhould take great pains to imprefs

upon

their

minds the indifpenfable

necef-

;6_ fityofthc ftricteft obedience, as the foundation of order and regularity. He will keep the details of the company, and never warn a man out of his turn,, unlefs particularly ordered fo to do.

He mud

take the daily orders in

a book kept by him and fhew them to his officers. He mud every morning make a report to the captain of the ftate of die company, in the form prefcribed and at the fame time acquaint him with any thing material that may have happened in the company fince the preceding for that purpofe,

;

report.

He muft

parade all guards and detachments furnifhed company, examine their arms, ammunition, accoutrements and drefs, before lie carries them to the parade j and if any man appears unfit, he muft fupply his place with another, and have the defaulter punched For this purpofe he muft always warn a man or two more than ordered, to ferve as a referve, who, if not wanted, will relay his

:

turn to their companies. He will keep the oompany book (under the infpection of thex^ptain)in which ke will enter the name and defection of every non-commiffioned officer andfoldier; his trade and occupation; the place of his birth and ufual refidence; where, when and for what term he was enlifted; the bounty paid him ; the arras, ammunition, accoutrements, clothing and neceffaries delivered him, with their marks and numbers, and the times when delivered ; alfo copies of all returns, furloughs, difcharges, and every cafualty that happens in the company.

When the

firft

each foldier

fcrjeant

is

fliall

fnaall book name,a copy

be provided with a

to enter therein the folder's

bounty paid him, the arms, accoutrements, clothing and neceffaries delivered him, with their marks and numbers : For this purpofe he muft be prefent and as often as arms, nt all distributions in his company clothing; ifjc are delivered, he muft enter them in die foldier's as well as the company's book. The firft ferjeant is not to go on any duty, unlefs with the whole company; but is to be always in camp or quarters, to anfwer any call diat may be made. He is never to lead a platoon or iection, but is always

•of his inliftment,the

;

;

77 to be ty

a

file

being

clofer In the formation of the

company,

his

du-

m the company like the adjutant's in the regiment.

InJlruHionsfor the Serjeants and Corporals. being on the non-commiflioned ITpline and order of a company

officers that the disci-

great meafure depend, they cannot be too circumfpect in their behaviour towards the men, by treating them with mildnefs, and at the fame time obliging every one to do his duty. By ain a

voidmg

too great familiarity with the men, they will not only gain their love and confidence, but be treated with a proper refpecl ; whereas by a contrary conduct they forfeit all regard, and their authority becomes de/pifed. Each ferjeant and corporal will be in a particular manner anfwerable for the fquad committed to his care. He muft

pay particular attention to

their conduct in every refpecl:

that they keep themfelves and their arms always clean j that they have their effects- always ready, and put where they can get them immediately, even in the dark, without

confufion

;

and on every

fine

day he muft oblige them to

air their effects.

When a man of his fquad is warned for duty, he muft examine him before he carries him to the parade, obliging him to take all his effects with him, unlefs when Specially ordered to the contrary. In teaching the recruits, they

muft exercife all their by no means abufmg them, but treating them with mildnefs, and not expect too much precifion in the

patience, firft

leffons,

punifhing thofe only

who

are wilfully negli-

gent.

Thsy muft fupprefs all quarrels and difputes in the company, and where other means fail, muft ufe their authority in confining the offender. They fliould teach the foldiers of their fquads how to drefs with a foldier-like air,how to clean their arms, accoutrements, &c. and how to mount and difmount their firelocks ; for which purpofe each non-commiffion?d officer fhould always be provided with a turnferew, and fuffer no foldier to take his arms to pieces without his permiffion.

On a march the non-commiflioned officres muft preferve order and regularity, and fuffer no man to leave the rank3 without permiffion of the officer commanding the plat2 oon.

G

t8

A corporal mud teach the fentinels to challenge

brifkly

a"Qd every thing elfe they are to

tions

;

and when he

relieves

do in their different fituathem,muft make them deliver

the orders diftinctly.

When a guard is relieved, the non-commiffioned officer$ take the orders from thofe whom they relieve ; when fent to vifit the fentries, they fhoul'd inftrucl

them

in their duty.

They

fhould reconnoitre the roads they are to patrol in the night, that they may not lofe themfelves. They mult make their patrol with the greateft filence and atten^on, and where neceffary, fend a faithful fcldier a-head to look out. If they meet a detachment of the enemy ftronger than their own, they muft retreat in order to their own port:. In the night they muft flop all ftrangers that approach. They muft not fuffer their men to make the lead noife with their arms or accoutrements, and every now and then ftop and liften. On their return from patrolling, they muft report to the officer what they have feen or heard. When a non-commi (Honed officer is a file-clofer in action, he muft take care to keep the ranks and files properly doled, and when too much crowded,makc them incline from the centre. When the files of his platoon are difordered by the lofs of men,he muft exert himfelf to drefs and com-

them afrefh, with the utmoft expedition. He muft ktc? the greateft filence in the ranks,fee that the men load He will do all in his well and quick, and take good aim. power to encourage the foldiers, and ufe the moft vigorous means to prevent any from leaving the ranks, unlefs

plete

wounded. JnflruBions for the private, Soldier. recruit having received his necelTaries, fhould

THE

in the

firft

place learn to drefs himfelf with a foldier

to place his effects properly in his knapfack, fo as to carry them with eafe and convenience ; how to falute

like air

;

arms, wafh fhould early accuftom himfelf to drefs in the night ; and for that purpofe always have his effects in his knapfack, and that placed his officers

when he meets them

his linen

and cook

Vhere he can put of alarm he parade.

may

his

;

to clean his

his provifions.

hand on

it

in

a

He

moment,

that in cafe

repair with the greateft alertnefs to the

When

learning to march , he muft take the greateft pains acquire a firm ftep and a proper balance, practifing He muft accuftom himhimfelf at all his leifure hours. felf to the greateft. fteadinefs under arms, to pay attention to the commands of his officers, and exercife himfelf continually with his firelock, in order \ to acquire vivacity in He muft acquaint himfelf with the ufual his. motions. to

beats

and

When

fignals of the in the ranks,

'

drum, and

he

inftantly obey them. always learn the names of and file leader, that he may be

mud

right and left hand men able to find his place readily in cafe of feparation. muft cover his file leader and drefs well in his rank, which he may be affured of doing when he can juft perceive the

Ills

He

bread of the third man from him. Having joined his company he muft no longer confider himfelf as a recruit, but as a foldier ; and whenever he is ordered under arms, muft appear well drefled,with his arms and accoutrements clean and in good order, and his knapfaek, blanket, £?«;. ready to throw on his back in cafe he fhould be ordered to take them. When warned for guard, he muft appear as neat as poffible, carry all his effefts with him, and even when on He muft receive the fentry muft have them at his back. and when placed beorders from the fentry he relieves fore the guard-houfe, he muft inform the corporal of all that approach, and fuffer no one to enter until examined if he is polled at a diftance from the guard, he will march there in order, have the orders ;

;

well explained to him by the corporal, learn which is in cafe h& the neareft poft between him and the guard, commuihould be obliged to retire, or have any thing t© and what he is to do in cafe of alarm or if in a ;

nicate,

He will never go of fire & any difturbance. more than twenty paces from his poft and if in a retired, to approach within place, or in the night, fuffer no one town,

in cafe

;

ten paces of him.

arms,but keep walking be relieved on his poft ftop night.and the in brifkly challenge but by his corporal; counterfignj.and if any will not anthofe who have not the having been flopped Ihould fwer to the third challenge, or th«m,. attempt to efcape, he may fire on Afentinel muft never

He

reft

upon

muft never

his

fuffer himfelf to

8o

When on a patrol, h* muft obferve the ftri&eft filence, nor make the leaft noife with his arms or accoutrements. In action he will pay the greateft attention to the commands of his officers, level well, and not throw away his fire ; take particular care to keep his rank and file, incline to that fide he dreflcs to, and encourage his comrades to do

their duty.

When ordered

to march, he muft not charge himfelf with any unneceflary baggage ; he will march at his eafe, widioat however leaving his rank or file he fliould drink as feldom as poffible, and never ftop but when neceffity obliges him ; in which cafe he muft afic leave of the commanding officer of the platoon. When arrived at camp or quarters, he muft clean his arms, prepare his bed, & go forneceflaries, taking nothing without leave, nor committing any kind of excefs. He muft always have a ftopper for the muzzle of his gun in cafe of rain, and when on a march ; at which times he ;

will unfix his bayonet.

7

6i

CONTENTS. A C

II

P.

Of the Arms and Accoutrements

PAGE.

I.

of the Officers, Non-

commiffioned Officers and Soldiers,

3

CHAP.

If. Gbje&s with which the Officers and Non-commiiTioned Officers fhould be acquainted,

G H A

ib.

III.

P.

Of the Formation of a Company,

CHAP,

Of the formation

of a Regiment,

R A P. Of the InftrucYton of Recruits, C H A P. C

The Exercife

A

jit.

i .

2. 3.

4. 5.

4

IV. ib.

V. 5

VI.

of a.Company,

Of opening the

1

Ranks for Intpe&ton*

ib.

18 Of the firings, ib. Of the March, 19 Of Wheelings, Of breaking off & forming by thft'oblique flep, ib.

C H A

P.

VII

P..

VIII.

20

Esercife of a battalion,

C H A Of the points

21

of view,

CHAP.

Of the Formation and

IX.

Difplaying of Columns, with the

22 method of changing Front, Art. 1. The clofe Column formed on the Ground ib. by the Right, the Right, in Front, 2. The Difplay of a Column formed by the Right, the Right 3.

4.

in

Front,

ib.

The clofe Column formed on the Ground 23 by the Left, the Left in Front, Difplay of aColumn formed by the Left,the Left in Front,

5. 6.

7.

The clofe Column formed on

ib*

the Centre, or

«tV fifth Platoon, the Right in Front, Difplay of a Column having the Right in 24 Fxont, from the Centre or fifth Platoon,^ The clofe Column formed by the Right,

the Ri~ht in Front, difpiayed to the Right, 25

.

82 The

clofe Column formed by the Left, the Left in Front, difplayed to the Left, 25 9. Of opening Columns, to. 1 o. Of changing the Front of a Line, 27 8.

CHAP.

X. Of the March of Columns, Art. 1. The march of an open Column,

ib. ilk

Columns changing the Direction of March, PafTage ofa Defile by a Column*

2.

3.

A Column

4.

their

#, 28

croffing a Plain liable to be at-

tacked by Cavalry,

A Column marching by

5.

CHAP.

ib,

its

Fiank,

29

XI.

Of the March in Line, Art. 1. The March to the Front, 2. Of the Charge with Bayonets,

#

#

ib.

31

Method of patting any Obstacle in Front of a Line, ft 4. PafTage of a Defile in Front, by Platoons, ib. 5. PafTage of a Defile in Front, by Files, 32 3.

t

6.

Of

7.

PafTage

March

the

in Retreat,

ib.

of a Defile in Retreat,

by

Pla-

toons,

ib.

jpt

PafTage of a Defile in Reireat, by Files. 33 9. Method of paffing the fornt Line to the 8.

Rear,

,*

CHAP.

Of the Difpofition Brigades,

of the Field-pieces attached to the

3.

#,

CHAP.

Of the Firings, Art. 1. Firing by 2.

XII.

XIII. • *

battalion,

#.

Firing by Divifions and Platoons, Firing advancing, •

4. Firing retreating,

CHAP. Armv CHAP. Baggage on March, CHAP.

Of the March Of the

The manner

of an

of laying out a

a