PHP Cookbook: Modern Code Solutions for Professional Developers [1 ed.] 1098121325, 9781098121327

Table of contents :
Preface
Who This Book Is For
Navigating This Book
Conventions Used in This Book
O’Reilly Online Learning
How to Contact Us
Acknowledgments
1. Variables
1.1. Defining Constants
1.2. Creating Variable Variables
1.3. Swapping Variables in Place
2. Operators
2.1. Using a Ternary Operator Instead of an If-Else Block
2.2. Coalescing Potentially Null Values
2.3. Comparing Identical Values
2.4. Using the Spaceship Operator to Sort Values
2.5. Suppressing Diagnostic Errors with an Operator
2.6. Comparing Bits Within Integers
3. Functions
3.1. Accessing Function Parameters
3.2. Setting a Function’s Default Parameters
3.3. Using Named Function Parameters
3.4. Enforcing Function Argument and Return Typing
3.5. Defining a Function with a Variable Number of Arguments
3.6. Returning More Than One Value
3.7. Accessing Global Variables from Within a Function
3.8. Managing State Within a Function Across Multiple Invocations
3.9. Defining Dynamic Functions
3.10. Passing Functions as Parameters to Other Functions
3.11. Using Concise Function Definitions (Arrow Functions)
3.12. Creating a Function with No Return Value
3.13. Creating a Function That Does Not Return
4. Strings
4.1. Accessing Substrings Within a Larger String
4.2. Extracting One String from Within Another
4.3. Replacing Part of a String
4.4. Processing a String One Byte at a Time
4.5. Generating Random Strings
4.6. Interpolating Variables Within a String
4.7. Concatenating Multiple Strings Together
4.8. Managing Binary Data Stored in Strings
5. Numbers
5.1. Validating a Number Within a Variable
5.2. Comparing Floating-Point Numbers
5.3. Rounding Floating-Point Numbers
5.4. Generating Truly Random Numbers
5.5. Generating Predictable Random Numbers
5.6. Generating Weighted Random Numbers
5.7. Calculating Logarithms
5.8. Calculating Exponents
5.9. Formatting Numbers as Strings
5.10. Handling Very Large or Very Small Numbers
5.11. Converting Numbers Between Numerical Bases
6. Dates and Times
6.1. Finding the Current Date and Time
6.2. Formatting Dates and Times
6.3. Converting Dates and Times to Unix Timestamps
6.4. Converting from Unix Timestamps to Date and Time Parts
6.5. Computing the Difference Between Two Dates
6.6. Parsing Dates and Times from Arbitrary Strings
6.7. Validating a Date
6.8. Adding to or Subtracting from a Date
6.9. Calculating Times Across Time Zones
7. Arrays
7.1. Associating Multiple Elements per Key in an Array
7.2. Initializing an Array with a Range of Numbers
7.3. Iterating Through Items in an Array
7.4. Deleting Elements from Associative and Numeric Arrays
7.5. Changing the Size of an Array
7.6. Appending One Array to Another
7.7. Creating an Array from a Fragment of an Existing Array
7.8. Converting Between Arrays and Strings
7.9. Reversing an Array
7.10. Sorting an Array
7.11. Sorting an Array Based on a Function
7.12. Randomizing the Elements in an Array
7.13. Applying a Function to Every Element of an Array
7.14. Reducing an Array to a Single Value
7.15. Iterating over Infinite or Very Large/Expensive Arrays
8. Classes and Objects
8.1. Instantiating Objects from Custom Classes
8.2. Constructing Objects to Define Defaults
8.3. Defining Read-Only Properties in a Class
8.4. Deconstructing Objects to Clean Up After the Object Is No Longer Needed
8.5. Using Magic Methods to Provide Dynamic Properties
8.6. Extending Classes to Define Additional Functionality
8.7. Forcing Classes to Exhibit Specific Behavior
8.8. Creating Abstract Base Classes
8.9. Preventing Changes to Classes and Methods
8.10. Cloning Objects
8.11. Defining Static Properties and Methods
8.12. Introspecting Private Properties or Methods Within an Object
8.13. Reusing Arbitrary Code Between Classes
9. Security and Encryption
9.1. Filtering, Validating, and Sanitizing User Input
9.2. Keeping Sensitive Credentials Out of Application Code
9.3. Hashing and Validating Passwords
9.4. Encrypting and Decrypting Data
9.5. Storing Encrypted Data in a File
9.6. Cryptographically Signing a Message to Be Sent to Another Application
9.7. Verifying a Cryptographic Signature
10. File Handling
10.1. Creating or Opening a Local File
10.2. Reading a File into a String
10.3. Reading a Specific Slice of a File
10.4. Modifying a File in Place
10.5. Writing to Many Files Simultaneously
10.6. Locking a File to Prevent Access or Modification by Another Process
11. Streams
11.1. Streaming Data to/from a Temporary File
11.2. Reading from the PHP Input Stream
11.3. Writing to the PHP Output Stream
11.4. Reading from One Stream and Writing to Another
11.5. Composing Different Stream Handlers Together
11.6. Writing a Custom Stream Wrapper
12. Error Handling
12.1. Finding and Fixing Parse Errors
12.2. Creating and Handling Custom Exceptions
12.3. Hiding Error Messages from End Users
12.4. Using a Custom Error Handler
12.5. Logging Errors to an External Stream
13. Debugging and Testing
13.1. Using a Debugger Extension
13.2. Writing a Unit Test
13.3. Automating Unit Tests
13.4. Using Static Code Analysis
13.5. Logging Debugging Information
13.6. Dumping Variable Contents as Strings
13.7. Using the Built-in Web Server to Quickly Run an Application
13.8. Using Unit Tests to Detect Regressions in a Version-Controlled Project with git-bisect
14. Performance Tuning
14.1. Timing Function Execution
14.2. Benchmarking the Performance of an Application
14.3. Accelerating an Application with an Opcode Cache
15. Packages and Extensions
15.1. Defining a Composer Project
15.2. Finding Composer Packages
15.3. Installing and Updating Composer Packages
15.4. Installing Native PHP Extensions
16. Databases
16.1. Relational Databases
16.2. Key-Value Stores
16.3. Graph Databases
16.4. Document Databases
16.5. Connecting to an SQLite Database
16.6. Using PDO to Connect to an External Database Provider
16.7. Sanitizing User Input for a Database Query
16.8. Mocking Data for Integration Testing with a Database
16.9. Querying an SQL Database with the Eloquent ORM
17. Asynchronous PHP
17.1. Fetching Data from Remote APIs Asynchronously
17.2. Waiting on the Results of Multiple Asynchronous Operations
17.3. Interrupting One Operation to Run Another
17.4. Running Code in a Separate Thread
17.5. Sending and Receiving Messages Between Separate Threads
17.6. Using a Fiber to Manage the Contents from a Stream
18. PHP Command Line
18.1. Parsing Program Arguments
18.2. Reading Interactive User Input
18.3. Colorizing Console Output
18.4. Creating a Command-Line Application with Symfony Console
18.5. Using PHP’s Native Read-Eval-Print-Loop
Index
About the Author