Periorbital Rejuvenation: A Practical Manual 3030468658, 9783030468651

Table of contents :
Foreword
Contents
1: Anatomy of the Orbit and Periorbital Region
Osteology of the Orbit
Dimensions
Orbital Rim
Topographic Relationships
Roof of the Orbit
Lateral Wall of the Orbit
Medial Wall of the Orbit
Floor of the Orbit
Apertures
Ethmoidal Foramina
Superior Orbital Fissure
Inferior Orbital Fissure
Zygomaticofacial and Zygomaticotemporal Canals
Nasolacrimal Canal
Optic Canal
Soft Tissues
Periorbita
Intraorbital Optic Nerve
Extraocular Muscles and Orbital Fat
Annulus of Zinn
Vasculature of the Orbit
Nerves
Lacrimal Apparatus
Periorbital Structures
Nose and Paranasal Sinuses
Eyelid Anatomy
The Adult Eyebrow
Frontalis Muscle
Eye Lid
Protractors
Orbital Septum
Orbital Fat
Sub-orbicularis Oculi Fat Pad (SOOF) (Fig. 1.16)
The Retro-Orbicularis Oculi Fat Pad (ROOF)
The Post Orbicular Fascia (Fig. 1.17)
Retractors
Upper Eyelid Retractors
Lower Eyelid Retractors
Tarsus
Conjunctiva
Blood Supply of the Eye Lid (Fig. 1.20)
Venous Drainage (Fig. 1.21)
Lymphatic Drainage of the Lids (Fig. 1.22)
Nerve Supply to the Lids and Face
Motor Supply (Fig. 1.23)
Sensory Supply
References
2: Aging of the Orbit and Rejuvenation Options
Introduction
Intrinsic Facial Aging
Main Periorbital Changes Seen with Aging
Skin
Special Consideration to Skin Discoloration with Age
Fat
Muscle and Ligaments
Bone
Extrinsic Facial Aging
Photoaging and Ultraviolet (UV) Light Exposure
Smoking and Tobacco Use
Seasonal Allergies, Irritants and Contact Dermatitis
Other Extrinsic Factors
Rejuvenation Options for the Periorbital Area
Chemical Peels
Mechanical Resurfacing
Lasers
Nonablative Lasers
Ablative Lasers
CO2 Laser
Er:YAG Laser
Fractional Laser
Radiofrequency Devices
Injectables
Fillers
Neuromodulators
Surgical Approaches
Conclusion
References
3: Eye Medications and Its Effect on Orbital Fat and Cosmesis
Adverse Reactions to Preservatives Present in Different Eye Drops
Adverse Reactions to Main Agents in Glaucoma Eye Drops
Prostaglandin Analogs
Ocular Adverse Reactions
Beta Blockers
Ocular Adverse Reactions
Alpha Agonists
Ocular Adverse Reactions
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (CAIs)
Ocular Adverse Reactions
Parasympathomimetic Drugs, Cholinergic (Miotic)
Ocular Adverse Reactions
Rho Kinase Inhibitors
Combined Medications
Steroid Injection
References
4: Soft Tissue Fillers for the Periorbital Region
Introduction
Indications
Patient Selection and Planning
Contraindications
Treatment Plan
Patient’s Awareness
Management of Complications
Pre-treatment
Treatment
Post Treatment
Documentation
References
5: Neuromodulators in Periorbital Rejuvenation
Introduction: Periorbital Region and Botulinum Toxin (BoNT) Injections
Practical Anatomy for Injecting the BoNTs
Available BoNT Products Their Preparation and Dosage
How to Inject: Dosage and Practical Important Points
Possible Complications and How to Handle Them
References
6: Chemical Peelings in the Periorbital Region
Introduction
Periorbital Rejuvenation
Background
Role of Chemical Peels in Periorbital Rejuvenation
Classification
History
Segmental Peeling
Technique
Surgical and Chemical Peel Combined
Periorbital Hyperpigmentation
Background
Physical Exam
Treatment Options for POH
Role of Chemical Peels in Treating POH
Superficial Peels
Medium Depth Peels
Adverse Events
References
7: Lasers and Energy Based Devised Assisted Periorbital Rejuvenation
Introduction
Periorbital Rejuvenation by Laser and EBDs
Periorbital Wrinkles
Traditional Laser Resurfacing
Fractional Laser Resurfacing
Radiofrequency
Fractional Microneedling RF
Intense Pulsed Light
Plasma
Skin Microneedling
MFU/HIFU
Dark Circles
Q-Switched Lasers
Intense Pulsed Light
Pulsed Dye Lasers
Ablative Laser Resurfacing
Er:YSGG 2790 nm
Droopy Eyebrow
Infraorbital Veins
Syringoma
Xanthelasma
Plasma
Editor’s Notes
References
8: Oculoplastic Surgery for Periorbital Rejuvenation
Introduction
Preoperative Assessment
Surgical Procedures
Brow Lift
Preoperative Evaluation
Blepharoplasty
Preoperative Evaluation
Surgical Techniques
Fat Transfer
Conclusion
References
9: Cosmeceuticals for the Periorbital Region
Primary Assessment
Sun Protection
Retinoids
Antioxidants
Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHA)
Collagen Enhancing Products
Skin Lightening Agents
Hydrating Products
Hair Growth Products
Herbal, Plant Derived and Other Compounds
Role of Combination Treatments
Concluding Remarks
References
10: Editor’s Tips
Index