The Weather Book A Manual of Practical Meteorology

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THE WEATHER BOOK: A MANUAL

OF PRACTICAL

METEOROLOGY

Robert Fitzroy

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A MANUAL OF

PRACTICAL METEOKOLOGY.

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THE WEATHEE BOOK:

A MANUAL OF PEACTICAL METEOROLOGY

EEAE ADMIRAL^ FITZ EOY.

LONDON: LONGMAN, GBEEN, LONGAfAN, ROBEBTS^ & GREEN. 1868.

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CONTENTS

CHAPTER Introductory Remarks

General Notices

I

— Special Considerations — View — —

World, represented by a Globe Atmospheric Conditions Meteorolo^c Listrunienta as "WeAther-Glasses and Methods of Use of

;

practically

.

._

.

.

.

TTTAPTRR

PAGE 1

TT

— Authorities available Reference, and detailed Information — Barometers, Thermometers, and Hygro— Rain-GafT;es — Wind- Vanes — Summary — metera, as Weather-G Rules— Action and Range — Scales — Indications— The Chief Features Instrumental Afiections — Clouds — Animals — Signs — True Bearings — Levels — Kow — Avora^^c Temperatiirefl 6

Meteorologic Instnimentfl

for

for

folly

lasses

.

.

rffAPTER

TTI

— Forms — Scales —Wind-Charts — Synoptic Charts — — Sinmltanoous Nutation — Practice at Observatories— Liverpool and Greenwich —Gjrration of Wind

Meteorologic Instruments

— Observations

Registry

Objects of most Importance—-Limits of Utility in practice

Ik'aufort

(-)bscr^•ation^

— Dclinite Suhjccts

.

.

.

.

.

.

28

CHAPTER IV Sketch — Works

—

and Authorities anterior to this Century Between 1800 and 1850 Since 1850 Department of Government for some Meteorologic Purposes cstabliahcd in 1H55 Essays since made towards Application of Meteorology more practically Coast or Fishery Barometers Examples followed— Also on Continental Shores Evidently

Historic

—

—

—

—

beneficial ('onsequences

—

—

.

.

,

,

.

.

40

CONTENTS

vi

CHAPTER V

—

nt riiiuitti'B aromul tlio World Atmoaphoric Condi " and Movementa Great Circulatioii of the Atmo^plu're incessantly cnnsod by Heat Cons^'qiuMit on Action of the Sun Motiona of Air nR)und and about our \\'orld Normal AVinds Prevalent Winds also, and their EffV»nti^ nn niiinftt^n page (il .

Brief gcucrnl Olanco tiona

—

—

—

—

—

,

.

,

riTAPTER VT

— Conaequont Variolies — Barometric Curvtia — Wave Theory — Winds affecting Climatea— Influenced by Oceans — Sea Temperatures — Specific Gravity —Ozone 77

TiOwer, Upper, and Intormodiato Currents of Air

and

\"ariation8 of

Climate

.

.

.

.

CHAPTER

.

.

;

VII

—Vapour—Con — — Alteruatioiis — Tropical or Juxtu-Tn>pifal Zones — Action of Currents — Kesults of Ivxpcrience — barometric Curves — Atmospheric

Recapitulation and further Explanations

Qualities of Air

vective Action

by others as ^successive* by Dov^ as Waves— Currents —Law of Gyration— Electricity —Polarisation of Air—Mechanical Views specified

*

of Redfield, Reid, and Barlow

parallel/

.

CHAPTER

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.

88

VIII

—

Means employed to collect Information Simultaneous or Synoptic Charts Inferences since proved true Ready Co-operation Barometric Curves Atmoapheric Currents their Tmnalation 3C