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English Pages 388 [381] Year 2005
LEGENDS OF EASTERN SAINTS
LEGENDS OF EASTERN SAINTS CHIEFLY FROM SYRIAC SOURCES
EDITED AND P A R T L Y T R A N S L A T E D
BY
A. J. WENSINCK
GORGIAS PRESS 2005
First Gorgias Press Edition, 2005. The special contents of this edition are copyright €> 2005 by Gorgias Press LLC. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States of America by Gorgias Press LLC, New Jersey. This edition is a facsimile reprint of the original edition published by E.J. Brill Ltd., 1911-1913.
ISBN 1-59333-243-2
& Ì G
GORGIAS PRESS
46 Orris Ave., Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA www.gorgiaspress.com
Printed and bound in the United States of America.
Voi. I. The Story of Archelides.
PREFACE.
The legend of Archelides, which is published in the following pages, has hitherto been known by extracts only. It is mentioned for the first time in Asseman's Bibliotheca Orientalis,
III, 286 who, wrongly, identifies Archelides
with John of Rome although there is a certain likeness between the two legends '). Wlistenfeld
has translated
synaxary of the Coptic church
the Arabic
text
of the
2).
In 1897 Erman edited some Coptic fragments of the legend together with the Arabic text of Wiistenfeld's translation 3). The Coptic text is a poetic version, which seems to have been destined for public recitation. Sachau has given a summary of our Ms. B in his catalogue of the Syriac Mss. at Berlin 4). The
present book contains the Syriac, Arabic and
Aethiopic
versions of the legend. I have altered the
readings of the Mss. only where the copyist seems to have made a blunder. So I have retained the orthography 1) The legend of John of Rome or John bar Malke is found in Bedjan's Acta Martyrum, I, 344—365. 2) Synaxarium das ist Heiligen-kalender der coftischen Christen, p. 237 et sequ. 3) Abhandlungen der Berliner Academie der Wissenschaften, 1897. 4) Verzeichniss der syrischen Handschriften, II, 743 et sequ.
PREFACE.
VI
of proper names of the Mss., however strange it may seem to us often. T h e translation of the Syriac text C is as literal as possible. In a few cases I have preferred readings of the sister-texts
A and l i ; sometimes also
some of the too many synonyms had to be suppressed. The Arabic texts are taken from karshuni Mss. F o r typographical reasons I have not retained the Syriac characters. I have to thank the Trustees of the de Goeje Fund for their liberality in enabling me to copy the necessary Manuscripts in England. I have to thank my
friend Professor Mittwoch
at
Berlin, who had the kindness to read a proof of the Aethiopic text. T h e photographs from the Vatican Mss. I got through the kindness of Professor Guidi, to whom I express my sincere thanks. I
am
deeply indebted
Evanston,
to Miss Nellie
M.
Sickels,
Illinois, U. S. A., who undertook to correct
the style of the English part of this book. Lastly Snouck
I express Hurgronje,
my
warmest
thanks to Professor
who, with indefatigable
kindness,
offered to read a proof of the whole book. The reader can
easily
realise
that
it has profited much
by
his
remarks and suggestions. U t r e c h t , June 1 9 1 1 .
A . J.
WENSINCK.
CONTENTS. Introduction
p. IX
Glossary of Arabic words
p.
Translation of Syriac text C
P-
Aethiopic text
p. 25
Arabic text C » »
»
A
»
B
XX 1
p . IV P-
!v
P- '
Syriac text D
p . CISC
»
»
C
P- rilSk
V
»
B
P-
CORRIGENDUM. p. 6, 1. i read: revolved in stead of resolved, p. ry, 1. 6 read: JJwM in stead of
INTRODUCTION.
MANUSCRIPTS. A = Ms. syr. 234, Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris (cf. Zotenberg,
Cat. des manuscr. syr. et sabéens
de
la
Bibl. Nat., p. 182, n°. 17), fol. 156 et sequ. B = Ms. syr. 235, Bibl. Nat., Paris (cf. Zotenberg, I.e., p. 185, n°. 10), fol. 60 et sequ. C = Ms. A d d .
14. 735, British Museum, London (cf.
Wright, Catalogue of the Syriac Mss. in the Brit. Mus. acquired since the year 1838, III, p. 1 1 2 1 , n°. 7), fol. 127 et sequ. D = Ms. A d d .
14.649, Brit. Mus. (cf. Wright,
I.e.,
III, p. 1 1 0 9 , n°. 19), fol. 122 et sequ. E = Ms. A d d . 14.641, Brit. Mus. (cf. Wright, I.e., I l l , p. 1045, g)> F = Ms. Syr.
et
sequ.
236, Bibl. Nat., Paris (cf. Zotenberg,
I.e., p. 188, n°. 14), fol. 274 et sequ. E = Ms. Rich 7190, Brit. Mus. (cf. Catal. Codd. Mss. Or. qui in Museo Britannico asservantur, Pars I [ed. Forshall], p. 83, n°. 82), fol. 364 et sequ. A = Cod. S y r . 196, Vatican Library, Rome (cf. S. E . et J . S. Assemanus, Bibl. apost. vaticanae codicum mss. catalogus, III, p. 422 n°. 68), fol. 4 1 4 et sequ. B = Ms. Sachau 45, Königliche Bibliothek, Berlin (cf. Sachau,
Verzeichniss der Syr. Handschr. der Königl.
Bibl. zu Berlin, II, p. 743, n°. 4), fol. 137 et sequ. C = Cod. S y r . 199, Vatican Library, Rome (cf. S. E . et J . S. Assemanus, I.e., I l l , p. 446, n°. X I X ) , fol. 180 et sequ.
INTRODUCTION.
XII
T h e A e t h i o p i c Ms. which I have used is preserved in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, Ms. éth. 125 (cf. Zotenberg, Cat. des Mss. éthiopiens de la Bibl. Nat., p. 150, 2 0 .), fol. 150 et sequ. T h e recensions of the legend contained in these Mss. will be discussed infra
(p. XIV et sequ). Here is only to be
said that palaeographically D, E , It belong to one family, in as much as E is closely connected with D, whereas R
seems to be
a c o p y of E . T h i s m a y be concluded
from these facts: In D
and E
the
words ^j.tîm.1
written : have
been
i x û u » (p. «^so) are
as D is the oldest Ms. E must copied
from D, or both Mss. are copies of
the same archetype.
The
orthography
of E
is
more
modern and free than that of D . B, on the other hand has copied even the o r t h o g r a p h y of E ,
as m a y
be
seen from the
notes. T h e
relation
between the three Mss. appears clearly in the treatment of the words r d u i o i ^ . i
rçlV'Slv. (p. \i). T h e s e t w o words
are in D only. T h e scribe of E has omitted the word r d l s a x . and writes only tUtr 6 ilhil
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