Jeremiah 26-52, Volume 27 (27) (Word Biblical Commentary) 9780310522256, 0310522250

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Word Biblical Commentary

Editorial Board Old Testament Editor: Nancy L. deClaissé-Walford (2011 – ) New Testament Editor: Peter H. Davids (2013 – )

Past Editors General Editors

Ralph P. Martin (2012 – 2013) Bruce M. Metzger (1997 – 2007)

David A. Hubbard (1977 – 1996) Glenn W. Barker (1977 – 1984)

Old Testament Editors: John D. W. Watts (1977 – 2011)

James W. Watts (1997 – 2011)

New Testament Editors: Ralph P. Martin (1977 – 2012)

Lynn Allan Losie (1997 – 2013)

Volumes 1 Genesis 1 – 15 . . . . . . . . . Gordon J. Wenham 2 Genesis 16 – 50 . . . . . . . . Gordon J. Wenham 3 Exodus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John I. Durham 4 Leviticus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John E. Hartley 5 Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Philip J. Budd 6a Deuteronomy 1:1 – 21:9, 2nd ed.. . Duane L. Christensen 6b Deuteronomy 21:10 – 34:12 . . . . . . Duane L. Christensen 7a Joshua 1-12, 2nd ed.. . . . . . . .Trent C. Butler 7b Joshua 13-24, 2nd ed.. . . . . . .Trent C. Butler 8 Judges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Trent C. Butler 9 Ruth – Esther. . . . . . . . . . . . Frederic W. Bush 10 1 Sam­uel, 2nd ed.. . . . . . . . . .Ralph W. Klein 11 2  Sam­uel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. A. Anderson 12 1 Kings, 2nd ed. . . . . . . . . . Simon J. Devries 13 2 Kings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T. R. Hobbs 14 1  Chron­icles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roddy Braun 15 2  Chron­icles . . . . . . . . . .Raymond B. Dillard 16 Ezra, Nehemiah . . . . . . H. G. M. Williamson 17 Job 1 – 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . David J. A. Clines 18a Job 21 – 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . David J. A. Clines 18b Job 38 – 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . David J. A. Clines 19 Psalms 1 – 50, 2nd ed.. . . . . Peter C. Craigie, Marvin E. Tate 20 Psalms 51 – 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . Marvin E. Tate 21 Psalms 101 – 150, rev. ed. . . . . Leslie C. Allen 22 Proverbs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roland E. Murphy 23a Ecclesiastes . . . . . . . . . . . . Roland E. Murphy 23b Song of Songs/Lamentations . . . . Duane H.  Garrett, Paul R. House 24 Isaiah 1 – 33, rev. ed.. . . . . . John D. W. Watts 25 Isaiah 34 – 66, rev. ed.. . . . . John D. W. Watts 26 Jeremiah 1 – 25 . . . . . . . . . . Peter C. Craigie, Page H. Kelley, Joel F. Drinkard Jr. 27 Jeremiah 26 – 52 . . . . . . . . .Gerald L. Keown, Pamela J. Scalise, Thomas G. Smothers *forthcoming as of 2014 **in revision as of 2014

28 Ezekiel 1 – 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leslie C. Allen 29 Ezekiel 20 – 48. . . . . . . . . . . . . Leslie C. Allen 30 Daniel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John E. Goldingay 31 Hosea – Jonah** . . . . . . . . . . . Douglas Stuart 32 Micah – Malachi**. . . . . . . . . .Ralph L. Smith 33a Matthew 1 – 13. . . . . . . . . . Donald A. Hagner 33b Matthew 14 – 28. . . . . . . . . Donald A. Hagner 34a Mark 1 – 8:26**. . . . . . . . . Robert A. Guelich 34b Mark 8:27 – 16:20 . . . . . . . . . . Craig A. Evans 35a Luke 1 – 9:20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John Nolland 35b Luke 9:21 – 18:34. . . . . . . . . . . . John Nolland 35c Luke 18:35 – 24:53. . . . . . . . . . . John Nolland 36 John, 2nd ed. . . . .George R. Beasley-Murray 37a Acts 1 – 14* . . . . . . . . . . . . Stephen J. Walton 37b Acts 15 – 28* . . . . . . . . . . . Stephen J. Walton 38a Romans 1 – 8. . . . . . . . . . . James D. G. Dunn 38b Romans 9 – 16. . . . . . . . . . James D. G. Dunn 39 1  Co­rin­thi­ans* . . . . . . . . . Andrew D. Clarke 40 2  Co­rin­thi­ans, rev. ed. . . . . . Ralph P. Martin 41 Galatians. . . . . . . . Richard N. Longenecker 42 Ephesians . . . . . . . . . . . . .Andrew T. Lincoln 43 Philippians, rev. ed.. . . Gerald F. Hawthorne, rev. by Ralph P. Martin 44 Colossians, Philemon**. . . Peter T. O’Brien 45 1 & 2 Thes­salo­nians**. . . . . . . . . .F. F. Bruce 46 Pastoral Epistles . . . . . . . William D. Mounce 47a Hebrews 1 – 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . William L. Lane 47b Hebrews 9 – 13. . . . . . . . . . . . William L. Lane 48 James. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ralph P. Martin 49 1 Peter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. Ramsey Michaels 50 Jude, 2 Peter**. . . . . . .Richard J. Bauckham 51 1, 2, 3, John, rev. ed.. . . . Stephen S. Smalley 52a Revelation 1 – 5. . . . . . . . . . . . David E. Aune 52b Revelation 6 – 16. . . . . . . . . . . David E. Aune 52c Revelation 17 – 22. . . . . . . . . . David E. Aune

27

Word Biblical Commentary Jeremiah 26-52

Gerald L. Keown Pamela J. Scalise Thomas G. Smothers General Editors: David A. Hubbard, Glenn W. Barker Old Testament Editor: John D. W. Watts New Testament Editor: Ralph P. Martin

ZONDERVAN Jeremiah 26-52, Volume 27 Copyright © 1995 by Word, Incorporated. Previously published as Jeremiah 26-52. Formerly published by Thomas Nelson, now published by Zondervan, a division of HarperCollinsChristian Publishing. Requests for information should be addressed to: Zondervan, 3900 Sparks Dr. SE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49546 This edition: ISBN 978-0-310-52225-6 The Library of Congress has cataloged the original edition as follows: Library of Congress Control Number: 2005295211 The authors’ own translation of the Scripture text appears in italic type under the heading Translation, as well as in quotations in the body of the commentary unless otherwise indicated. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other—except for brief quotations in printed reviews, without the prior permission of the publisher.

In memoriam Peter C. Craigie (1938-1988)

Contents Foreword Editorial Preface Abbreviations G eneral Bibliography

Commentaries on Jerem iah Monographs and O ther Books Articles

ix X

xi xxiii xxiii XXV

xxvii

T ext and C ommentary

XV. XVI.

XVII.

XVIII. XIX. XX. XXI. XXII. XXIII. XXTV.

Three Prophets, One Message (26:1-24[LXX 33:1-24]) Excursus: Introductory Formulas Excursus: Shiloh True and False Prophecy (27:1-29:32[LXX 34:1-36:32]) A. The Yoke of Nebuchadnezzar (27:1-28:17[LXX 34:1-35:17]) B. Correspondence with the Exiles (29:1-32 [LXX 36:1-32]) Excursus: Seventy Years The Book of Consolation (30:1-31:40[LXX 37:1-38:40]) A. Write These Words (30:1-4[LXX 37:1-4]) B. From Panic to Peace (30:5-11 [LXX 37:5-9]) C. Healing for an Incurable W ound (30:12-17[LXX 37:12-17]) D. Restoration of the Covenant Community (30:18-31:1 [LXX 37:18-38:1]) E. Israel Lovingly Rebuilt and Planted (31:2-6 [LXX 38:2-6]) F. Return from Exile to Enjoy the L ord ’s Goodness (31:7-14 [LXX 38:7-14) G. Rachel’s Repentant Children Invited to Return (31:15-22 [LXX 38:15-22]) H. The New Covenant and O ther Promises (31:23-40 [LXX 38:23-40]) A Promise, Signed and Sealed (32:1-44 [LXX 39:1-44) More Promises of Compassionate Restoration (33:1-26 [LXX 40:1-13]) Zedekiah’s Choice (34:1-7 [LXX 41:1-7]) A Covenant of Release (34:8-22 [LXX 41:8-22]) Jerem iah and the Rechabites (35:1-19[LXX 42:1-19]) Excursus: The Identity of the Rechabites The Scroll (36:1-32 [LXX 43:1-32]) The Last Days of Judah and Jerusalem (37:1-44:30 [LXX 44:1-51:30]) A. Jerem iah’s Im prisonm ent (37:1-21 [LXX 44:1-21]) B. Jerem iah in the Cistern (38:l-28a[LXX 45:l-28a])

1 10

16 35 38 59 73 82 88 90 95 101

106 110

116 124 140 164 176 182 191 195 199 209 211

219

viii

C o n ten ts

C. The Capture of Jerusalem (38:28b-39:18 [LXX 45:28b-46:18]) D. Jerem iah’s Release (40:1-12[LXX 47:1-12]) E. The Plot against Gedaliah (40:13-41:15[LXX 47:13-48:15]) F. The Flight to Egypt (41:16-42:22[LXX 48:16-49:22]) G. The Flight to Egypt Continued (43:1-13[LXX 50:1-13]) H. The Word of the LORD to the Judeans in Egypt (44:1-30 [LXX 51:1-30]) Excursus: The Queen of Heaven XXV. A Word for Baruch (45:1-5[LXX 51:31-35]) XXVI. Oracles concerning the Nations (46:1-51:64[LXX 25:14-31:44]) Excursus: The Cup of Wrath A. Concerning Egypt (46:1-28 [LXX 26:1-28]) B. Concerning the Philistines (47:1-7[LXX 29:1-7]) C. Concerning Moab (48:1-47[LXX31:1-44]) D. Concerning the Ammonites (49:1-6[LXX 30:17-21]) E. Concerning Edom (49:7-22[LXX 30:1-16]) F. Concerning Damascus (49:23-27 [LXX 30:29-33]) G. Concerning Qedar (49:28-33 [LXX 30:23-28]) H. Concerning Elam (49:34-39[LXX 25:14-20]) I. Concerning Babylon (50:1-51:64 [LXX 27:1-28:64]) XXVII. The Capture of Jerusalem Revisited: A Concluding Word (52:1-34[LXX 52:1-34]) = 2 Kings 24:18-25:30) Indexes

226 232 238 245 253 259 266 270 275 277 279 297 302 321 325 332 335 340 344 374 385

Foreword Because of the tragic and untimely death of Peter Craigie in September 1988, the editors of the Word Biblical Commentary decided to use multiple authors to com plete the work Craigie had begun on the com m entary on the book of Jerem iah. Sections of Jerem iah not treated by Craigie were divided among five authors who, at the time, were colleagues in the Old Testament Department at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. The division of labor followed the discernible organization of the book of Jerem iah as closely as that could be determ ined, with the notable exception that all material completed by Craigie was used. The dividing line between the first and second volumes corresponds well to a recognizable break point between chaps. 25 and 26 in the book of Jerem iah itself. The first volume of the commentary on Jerem iah (WBC 26) identified the book of Jerem iah as an “anthology of anthologies” that in many respects defies any attem pt to reconstruct an organizing principle for the shaping of the book (xxxii). At the same time, some internal clues do exist that may aid in any attem pt to develop an outline of the book. In the second volume, we have divided chaps. 26-52 into three sections on the basis of clues within the text. For the second volume, Pamela Scalise prepared the material for Jer 26-34. The Jerem ianic message of the new covenant and its accompanying texts are the focus of this segment of the book. Gerald Keown was responsible for Jer 35-45 and Je r 52. Thomas Smothers treated the oracles against the nations in Je r 4651. Specific information related to the organization of the book will be discussed under the Form/Structure/Settingheadings of the appropriate sections of the commentary. The Introduction of the first volume contains a fuller treatm ent of the overall questions related to the book of Jeremiah. J o h n D. W. Watts David A. H ubbard

Editorial Preface T he launching of the W ord B ib lic a l C o m m e n ta ry brings to fulfillm ent an enterprise of several years’ planning. The publishers and the m em bers of the editorial board m et in 1977 to explore the possibility of a new com m entary on the books of the Bible th at would incorporate several distinctive features. Prospective readers of these volumes are entitled to know what such features were in ten d ed to be; w hether the aims of the com m entary have been fully achieved time alone will tell. First, we have tried to cast a wide net to include as contributors a num ber of scholars from around the world who not only share our aims but are in the main engaged in the ministry of teaching in university, college, and seminary. They represent a rich diversity of denominational allegiance. The broad stance of our contributors can rightly be called evangelical, and this term is to be understood in its positive, historic sense of a commitment to Scripture as divine revelation, and to the truth and power of the Christian gospel. Then, the commentaries in our series are all commissioned and written for the purpose of inclusion in the Word Biblical Commentary. Unlike several of our distinguished counterparts in the field of commentary writing, there are no translated works, originally written in a non-English language. Also, our commentators were asked to prepare their own rendering of the original biblical text and to use those languages as the basis of their own comments and exegesis. What may be claimed as distinctive with this series is that it is based on the biblical languages, yet it seeks to make the technical and scholarly approach to a theological understanding of Scripture understandable by—and useful to—the fledgling student, the working minister, and colleagues in the guild of professional scholars and teachers as well. Finally, a word m ust be said about the form at of the series. The layout, in clearly defined sections, has been consciously devised to assist readers at different levels. Those wishing to learn about the textual witnesses on which the translation is offered are invited to consult the section headed N otes. If the readers’ concern is with the state of m odern scholarship on any given portion of Scripture, they should tu rn to the sections of B ib lio g ra p h y and F o r m /S tr u c tu r e / S ettin g . For a clear exposition of the passage’s m eaning and its relevance to the ongoing biblical revelation, the C o m m e n t and concluding E x p la n a tio n are designed expressly to m eet th at need. There is therefore som ething for everyone who may pick up and use these volumes. If these aims come anywhere near realization, the intention of the editors will have been met, and the labor of our team of contributors rewarded. General Editors: Old Testament: New Testament:

D a v id A . H u b b a rd G len n W. B a rker f J o h n D . W. W a tts R a lp h P. M a r tin

XI

Abbreviations

P eriodicals , Serials, and R eference W orks AAS

Acta apostolicae sedis

AASF AASOR AB

Annales Academic Scientarum Fennicae Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research Anchor Bible

ABD A brN AcO r

Anchor Bible Dictionary Abr-Nahrain Acta orientalia

ADAJ

Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan

A fO

Archiv f u r OHentforschung

AGJU AHW AJA AJAS AJBA AJSL A JT

ALBO ALUOS AnBib

Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des Urchristentums W. von Soden, Akkadisches Handworterbuch American Journal o f Archaeology American Journal o f Arabic Studies Australian Journal o f Biblical Archaeology American Journal o f Semitic Languages a nd Literature American Journal o f Theology

APOT

Analecta lovaniensia biblica et orientalia Annual of Leeds University Oriental Society Analecta bíblica J. B. Pritchard (ed.), A ncient Near East in Pictures J. B. Pritchard (ed.), A ncient Near East Supplementary Texts and Pictures J. B. Pritchard (ed.), A ncient Near Eastern Texts Analecta orientalia Alter Orient und Altes Testament American Oriental Series R. H. Charles (ed.), Apocrypha a n d Pseudepigrapha o f the Old

ARG

Testament Archiv f u r Reformationsgeschichte

ARM

Archives royales de Mari

A rO r ARW A SSR ASTI

Archiv oñentální Archiv f u r Religionswssenschaft Archives des sciences sociales des religions A n n u a l o f the Swedish Theological Institute

ATAbh ATANT

Alttestamentliche Abhandlungen Abhandlungen zur Theologie des Alten und Neuen Testaments

ATR A usB R A U SS

Anglican Theological Review Australian Biblical Review Andrews University Seminary Studies

ANEP A N E ST P ANET

AnOr AOAT AOS

A bbreviations

x ii

BA B AN E BAR B ASO R

Biblical Archaeologist

BAT BBB

Die Botschaft des Alten Testaments Bonner biblische Beitráge

BCSR

Bulletin o f the Council on the Study o f Religion F. Brown, S. R. Driver, and C. A. Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon o f the Old Testament Bibbia e oriente

BDB BeO

BETL BEvT BFCT BGBE BHH BHK BHS

G. E. Wright (ed.), The Bible a nd the Ancient Near East Biblical Archaeologist Reader Bulletin o f the American Schools o f Oriental Research

Bibliotheca ephemeridum theologicarum lovaniensium Beitráge zur evangelischen Theologie Beitráge zur Fórderung christlicher Theologie Beitráge zur Geschichte der biblischen Exegese B. Reicke and L. Rost (eds.), Biblisch-historisches Handworterbuch R. Kittel, Biblia hebraica Biblia hebraica stuttgartensia

BHT

Beitráge zur historischen Theologie

Bib

B iblica

BibB

Biblische Beitráge

BibLeb

Bibel u n d Leben

BibOr BibS(F) BibS(N)

Biblica et orientaba Biblische Studien (Freiburg, 1895-) Biblische Studien (Neukirchen, 1951-)

BIES BIFAO BJRL BK

Bulletin o f the Israel Exploration Society Bulletin de Vinstitut frangais d ,archéologie oriéntale Bulletin o f the J ohn Rylands University Library o f Manchester Bibel u n d Kirche

BKAT

Biblischer Kommentar: Altes Testament

B L it B M ik BN BO BR BSac BSO (A)S B SS

Bibel un d Liturgie Beth M ikra Biblische Notizen Bibliotheca orientalis Biblical Research Bibliotheca Sacra Bulletin o f the School o f Oriental (and African) Studies Bibliotheca Sanctorum

BSt

Biblische Studien

BT BTB BTS BVC

The Bible Translator Biblical Theology Bulletin Bible et terre sainte Bible et vie chrétienne

BWANT

Beitráge zur Wissenschaft vom Alten und Neuen Testament

BZ

Biblische Zeitschrift Beihefte zur Z A W

BZAW CAD

The Assyrian Dictionary o f the Oriental Institute o f the University o f Chicago

Abbreviations

X lll

CAH

Cambridge A ncient History

CAT

Commentaire de l'Anden Testament

CB CBQ

Cultura bíblica Catholic Biblical (Quarterly

CBQMS CCath

Catholic Biblical Quarterly—Monograph Series Corpus Catholicorum

CJT CleM CM L

Canadian Journal o f Theology Clergy Monthly G. R. Driver, Canaanite Myths and Legends (Edinburgh, 1956); rev.

ConB COT

ed. J. C. L. Gibson (Edinburgh, 1978) Coniectanea bíblica Commentaar op het OT

CQ CQR CRAIBL

Church Quarterly Church Quarterly Review Comptes rendus de l'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres

CSCO

Corpus scriptorum christianorum orientalium A. Herdner, Corpus des tablettes en cuneiforms alphabétiques

CTA C TM C urTM D ACL DBSup DISO D iv

DJD D O TT DTT

Concordia Theological Monthly Currents in Theology and Mission Dictionnaire d ’archéologie chrétienne et de liturgie Dictionnaire de la Bible, Supplément C. -F. Jean andj. Hoftijzer, Dictionnaire des inscriptions sémitiques de l'ouest D ivinitas

Discoveries in the Judaean Desert D. W. Thomas (ed.), Documents from Old Testament Times D ansk teologisk tidsskrift

Ebib

Etudes bibliques

ECarm

Ephemerides Carmeliticae

EHAT

Exegetisches Handbuch zum Alten Testament Cross and Freedman, Early Hebrew Orthography

EHO El EnchBib E ncjud EstBib ET ETL ETR

Eres Israel Enchiridion biblicum Encyclopaedia judaica (1971) Estudios bíblicos Eglise et Théologie Ephemerides theologicae lovanienses Etudes théologiques et religieuses

EvK

Evangelische Kommentare

E vQ E vT Exp E xpTim

Evangelical Quarterly Evangelische Theologie (EvTh) The Expositor Expository Times

FrancSt

Franciscan Studies

xiv FRLANT

A bbreviations

Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments

GKB GKC

W. von Soden, Grundriss der akkadischen Grammatik Gesenius-Kautzsch-Bergstrasser, Hebraische Grammatik Gesenius'Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, tr. A. E. Cowley

G TJ

Grace TheologicalJournal

GAG

H ALAT

W. Baumgartner et al., Hebraisches u n d aramaisches Lexikon zum Alten

HAR

Testament Hebrew A n n u a l Review

HAT HDR

Handbuch zum Alten Testament Harvard Dissertations in Religion

H en H ey] H ibJ

Henoch Heythrop Journal Hibbert Journal

HKAT

Handkommentar zum Alten Testament

HS H SAT

Hebrew Studies Die Heilige Schrift des Alten Testament, 2 vols.; ed. E. Kautzsch and A

HSM

Bertholet (Tübingen: 41922-23) Harvard Semitic Monographs

H TR

H arvard Theological Review

HTS

Harvard Theological Studies

H UCA

Hebrew Union College A n n u a l

HUCM

Monographs of Hebrew Union College

IB

Interpreter's Bible

ICC

International Critical Commentary G. A. Buttrick (ed.), Interpreter's Dictionary o f the Bible Supplementary volume to IDB

TDB ID BSup IEJ IndJTh In t ISBE IT Q IT S

Israel Exploration Journal Indian Journal o f Theology Interpretation G. W. Bromiley (ed.), International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, rev. Irish Theological Quarterly Innsbrucker theobgische Studien

JA JA A R

Journal asiatique Journal o f the American Academy o f Religion

JAC

Jahrbuch fur Antike und Christentum

JA N E SC U JA O S JA S JB C JB L JBR

Journal o f the A ncient Near Eastern Society o f Columbia University Journal o f the American Oriental Society Journal o f A sian Studies R. E. Brown et al. (eds.), The Jerome Biblical Commentary Journal o f Biblical Literature Journal o f B ibb and Religion

JBS

Jerusalem Biblical Studies

JC S

Journal o f Cuneiform Studies

Abbreviations

JDS

Judean Desert Studies

JD T JEA JE O L JE T S JJS JM E S JN E S JN SL JPO S

Jahrbilcherfiir deutsche Theologie Journal o f Egyptian Archaeology Jaarbericht. . . ex oriente lux Journal o f the Evangelical Theological Society Journal o f Jewish Studies Journal o f M iddle Eastern Studies Journal o f Near Eastern Studies Journal o f Northwest Semitic Languages Journal o f the Palestine Oriental Society

JPSV

Jewish Publication Society Version

JQ R

Jewish Quarterly Review

JQRMS

Jewish Quarterly Review Monograph Series

JR JR A S JRelS JSO T

Journal o f Religion Journal o f the Royal Asiatic Society Journal o f Religious Studies Journal fo r the Study o f the Old Testament Supplement to J S O T Journal o f Semitic Studies Journal fo r the Scientific Study o f Religion Journal fo r Theology and the Church Journal o f Theological Studies Judaica: Beitrage zum Verstandnis. . .

JSOTSup JSS JSSR JTC JT S Judaica ΚΑΙ

KAT KB

H. Donner and W. Róllig, Kanaanaische u n d aramaische Inschriften E. Sellin (ed.), Kommentar zum Alten Testament L. Koehler and W. Baumgartner, Lexicon in Yeteris Testamenti libros

KD

Kerygma u n d Dogma

KIT

Kleine Texte

KTU

Die Keilalphabetischen Texte aus UgaHt, vol. 1, ed. M. Dietrich, O.

LCC LCL LD Le$ LLAVT LQ LR

Loretz, and J. Sammartin, AOAT 24 (1976) Library of Christian Classics Loeb Classical Library Lectio divina Lesonm u

LTK L um V it

E. Vogt, Lexicon linguae aramaicae Yeteris Testamenti Lutheran (Quarterly Lutherische Rundschau Liddell-Scottjones, Greek-English Lexicon Lexicon fiir Theologie u n d Kirche Lum en Vitae

LUA

Lunds universitets ársskrift

LSJ

MBA

Y Aharoni and M. Avi-Yonah, Macmillan Bible Atlas, rev. ed. (New York: Macmillan, 1977)

M cCQ MDB

McCormick Quarterly Mercer Dictionary o f the Bible, ed. W. Mills (Macon, GA: Mercer UP,

MDOG

1990) Mitteilungen der deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft

XV

xvi

A bbreviations

M elT MGWf MScRel M TZ

Melita Theologica Monatsschrift f ü r Geschichte u n d Wissenschafl desJudentum s Mélanges de science religieuse Münchener theologische Zeitschrifi

MVAG

Mitteilungen der vorder-asiatisch-ágyptischen Gesellschaft

NedTTs NGTT

Nederlands theologish tijdschnft Nederduits Gereformeerde Teologiese Tydskrif

NHS NICOT

Nag Hammadi Studies New International Commentary on the Old Testament

NKZ N o rT T N ovT NRT

Neue kirchliche Zeitschrift Norsk Teologisk T id ssh ifl N ovum Testamentum L a nouvelle revue théologique

OBO OIP OLP

Orbis biblicus et orientalis Oriental Institute Publications Orientalia lovaniensia periodica

O LZ Or O rAnt OrChr OrSyr

Chientalische Literaturzeitung Orientalia (Rome) Oriens antiquus Oriens christianus Uorient syrien

OTL

Old Testament Library

O TS

Oudtestamentische Studien

OTWSA

Die Outestamentiese Werkgemeenskap in Suid-Afrika

PAAJR PCB PEFQS PEQ PG PJ PL PRU PSTJ

PW PWSup

Proceedings o f the American Academy o f Jewish Research

M. Black and Η. H. Rowley (eds.), Peake's Commentary on the Bible (London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1963) Palestine Exploration F und , (Quarterly Statement Palestine Exploration Quarterly

J. Migne, Patrología graeca Palastinajahrbuch J. Migne, Patrología latina Le Palais royal d ’Ugarit Perkins (School o f Theology) Journal Pauly-Wissowa, Real-Encyclopadie der classischen Altertumswissenschafi

Supplement to PW

QDAP

Quarterly o f the Department o f Antiquities in Palestine

RA RA C RArch RB RCB RE

Revue d ,assyriologie et d ,archéologie orientate Reallexikon fu r Antike u n d Christentum Revue archéologique Revue biblique Revista de cultura bíblica Realencyklopadie fü r protestantische Theologie u n d Kirche

Abbreviations

RechBib

Recherches bibliques

REJ RelS RelSRev RES ResQ RevExp RevistR R ev Q RevScRel RevSém RG G RHPR RHR R ivB R IA RR R SO R SP

Revue des etudes juives Religious Studies Religious Studies Review Repertoire d'épigraphie sémitique Restoration (Quarterly Review a nd Expositor Revista bíblica Revue de Qumran Revue des sciences religieuses Revue sémitique Religion in Geschichte u n d Gegenwart Revue d ’histoire et de philosophic religieuses Revue de Vhistoire des religions R ivista bíblica Reallexikon der Assyriologie Review o f Religion Revista degli studi orientali Ras Shamra Parallels, ed. L. R. Fisher, AnOr 49 (Rome: Pontifical

RSPT RSR RTL R TP RU O

Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques Recherches de science religieuse Revue théologique de Louvain Revue de théologie et de philosophic Revue de l 'universiti d O ttawa

SANT SAOC SAT SB SBA SBB

Studien zum Alten und Neuen Testament Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization Die Schriften des Alten Testaments in Auswahl übersetzt und erklárt, ed. Herman Gunkel Cross and Freedman, Studies in A ncient Yahxmstic Poetry Sources bibliques Studies in Biblical Archaeology Stuttgarter biblische Beitráge

Biblical Institute, 1972)

SAYP

SBFLA

Studii biblici franciscani liber a n n u u s

SBLASP SBLDS SBLMasS SBLMS SBLSBS SBLSCS SBLTT SBM SBS SBT

Society of Biblical Literature Abstracts and Seminar Papers SBL Dissertation Series SBL Masoretic Studies SBL Monograph Series SBL Sources for Biblical Study SBL Septuagint and Cognate Studies SBL Texts and Translations Stuttgarter biblische Monographien Stuttgarter Bibelstudien Studies in Biblical Theology

ScEs Scr ScrB

Science et esprit Scnpture Scripture Bulletin

A bbreviations

XVlll

SD

Studies and Documents

SEÁ Sef SE H M Sem SJOT SJT SO TP

Svensk exegetisk arsbok Sefarad Stuart, Studies in Early Hebrew Meter Semítica Scandinavian Journal o f the Old Testament Scottish Journal o f Theology Η. H. Rowley (ed.), Studies in Old Testament Prophecy

SOTSMS SPAW

Society for Old Testament Study Monograph Series Sitzungsberichte der preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften

SR

Studies in Religion / Sciences religieuses

SSS

Semitic Study Series

ST ST Á STK

Studia theologica Svensk teologisk arsskrift Svensk teologisk kvartalskrifl

StudOr SVTP

Studia orientaba Studia in Veteris Testamenti pseudepigrapha

SW JT

Southwestern Journal o f Theology

TB l TBT

Theologische Blatter The Bible Today

TBÜ

Theologische Bücherei

TD TD O T

Theology Digest

TextsS

G. J. Botterweck and H. Ringgren (eds.), Theological Dictionary o f the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1974-) Texts and Studies

TF TGI TGUOS ThEv ThLife ThV TLZ TP TQ TRev TRu TS TSK TT TTKi TToday TTZ

Theologische Forschung Theologie u n d Glaube Transactions: Glasgow University Oriental Society Theologia Evangélica (Pretoria) Theology and Life Theologische Versuche (Berlin) Theologische Literaturzeitung Theologie u n d Philosophie Theologische Quartalschrifl Theologische Revue Theologische Rundschau Theological Studies Theologische Studien u n d Kritiken Teologisk Tidsskrift Tidsskrift fo r Teologi og Kirke Theology Today Trierer theologische Zeitschrift

TU

Texte und Untersuchungen

TV TW AT

G. J. Botterweck and H. Ringgren (eds.), Theologisches Wórterbuch

Theologia Viatorum zum Alten Testament

Abbreviations

XIX

TW O T

R. L. Harris et al. (eds.), Theological Wordbook o f the Old Testament (Chicago: Moody Press, 1980)

TynB ul TZ

Tyndale Bulletin Theologische Zeitschrift

UF USQR UT

Ugarit-Forschungen Union Seminary (Quarterly Review C. H. Gordon, Ugaritic Textbook

UUA

Uppsala universitetsársskrift

VC VD VF VSpir VT

Vigilae christianae Verbum domini Verkiindigung u n d Forschung Vie spirituelle Vetus Testamentum

VTSup

Vetus Testamentum, Supplements

WBC

Word Biblical Commentary

WDB W H AB

Westminster Dictionary o f the Bible Westminster Historical Atlas o f the Bible

WMANT

Wissenschaftliche Monographien zum Alten und Neuen Testament

WO W Tf WuD

Die Welt des Orients Westminster TheologicalJ o u m a l Wort u n d Dienst

WUNT

Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament

W ZK M WZKSO

Wiener Zeitschrifl fiir die R unde des Morgenlandes Wiener Zeitschrift fiir die R unde Süd- u n d Ostasiens

ZA ZAW ZDM G ZD PV ZEE ZRG ZRT ZNW ZRGG ZTR ZW T

Zeitschrift fiir Assyriologie Zeitschrift fiir die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenlandischen Gesellschaft Zeitschrift des deutschen Palastina-Vereins Zeitschrift fiir evangelische Ethik Zeitschrift fiir Rirchengeschichte Zeitschrift fiir katholische Theologie Zeitschrift fiir die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft Zeitschrift fiir Religions- u n d Geistesgeschichte Zeitschrift fiir Theologie u n d Rirche Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftliche Theologie

H ebrew G rammar

abs acc act

absolute accusative active

adj adv aor

adjective/adjectival adverb/adverbial aorist

xx apoc c coh conj consec const conv dittogr fem, f fut gen haplogr hiph hithp hoph impf impv ind inf

A bbreviations

apocopated common cohortative conjunction consecutive construct converted dittography feminine future genitive haplography hiphil hithpael hophal imperfect imperative indicative infinitive

juss mase, m niph obj pass Pf P1 poss prep pronom ptep sg, s stat subj suff voc 1 2 3

jussive masculine niphal object passive perfect plural possessive preposition pronominal participle singular stative subject/subjective suffix vocative first person second person third person

Q

Qere (Masoretic suggested reading) Jerem iah from Qumran Cave 2 Jerem iah from Qumran Cave 4 Syriac Peshitta Syrohexapla Targum “tiqqune sopherim” corrections of the Scribes Ugaritic Vulgate Aquila Theodotion Symmachus m utated/transform ed to from

T extual N otes

Akk. Arab. Aram. C

Akkadian Arabic Aramaic Codex of the Prophets from Cairo Egyptian EgEng English versions Eng. English language Eth. Ethiopic Gk. Greek Heb. Hebrew Hex. Hexapla K Kethib (consonantal text) L Leningrad Codex LXX The Septuagint LXXA (etc.) Alexandrinus Codex of the Septuagint (etc.) MT Masoretic Text OG Old Greek OL Old Latin

2Q Jer 4Q Jer Syr Syrh Tg tiq. soph.

Ug.

Vg a' θ' σ' >