Biblical Archaeology Parent Lesson Planner 0890517452, 9780890517451

Citation preview

First printing: July 2013 Third printing: August 2014 Copyright © 2013 by Master Books®. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations in articles and reviews. For information write: Master Books®, P.O. Box 726, Green Forest, AR 72638 Master Books® is a division of the New Leaf Publishing Group, Inc.

ISBN: 978-0-89051-745-1 Unless otherwise noted, Scripture quotations are from the New King James Version of the Bible.

Printed in the United States of America Please visit our website for other great titles: www.masterbooks.net For information regarding author interviews, please contact the publicity department at (870) 438-5288

Since 1975, Master Books has been providing educational resources based on a biblical worldview to students of all ages. At the heart of these resources is our firm belief in a literal six-day creation, a young earth, the global Flood as revealed in Genesis 1–11, and other vital evidence to help build a critical foundation of scriptural authority for everyone. By equipping students with biblical truths and their key connection to the world of science and history, it is our hope they will be able to defend their faith in a skeptical, fallen world. If the foundations are destroyed, what can the righteous do? Psalm 11:3; NKJV As the largest publisher of creation science materials in the world, Master Books is honored to partner with our authors and educators, including: Ken Ham of Answers in Genesis Dr. John Morris and Dr. Jason Lisle of the Institute for Creation Research Dr. Donald DeYoung and Michael Oard of the Creation Research Society Dr. James Stobaugh, John Hudson Tiner, Rick and Marilyn Boyer, Dr. Tom DeRosa, and so many more! Whether a pre-school learner or a scholar seeking an advanced degree, we offer a wonderful selection of award-winning resources for all ages and educational levels. But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts, and always be ready to give a defense to everyone who asks you a reason for the hope that is in you, with meekness and fear. 1 Peter 3:15; NKJV

Permission to Copy Permission is granted for copies of reproducible pages from this text to be made for use within your own homeschooling family activities or for small classrooms of ten or fewer students. Material may not be posted online, distributed digitally, or made available as a download. Permission for any other use of the material must be requested prior to use by email to the publisher at [email protected].

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Lessons for a 36-week course! Overview: This Biblical Archaeology PLP contains materials for use with The Archaeology Book, Unveiling the Kings of Israel, and Unwrapping the Pharaohs. Materials are organized by book in the following sections: Study Guide Worksheets

Q T

Quizzes Semester Tests Answer Key

Features: Each suggested weekly schedule has five easy-to-manage lessons which combine reading, worksheets. Worksheets and quizzes are perforated and three-hole punched — materials are easy to tear out, hand out, grade, and store. As always, you are encouraged to adjust the schedule and materials needed to in order to best work within your educational program. Workflow: Students will read the pages in their book and then complete each section of the course materials. Quizzes are given at regular intervals with space to record each grade. Lesson Scheduling: Space is given for assignment dates. There is flexibility in scheduling. While each quarter has 45 days of assignments, they do not have to be given M-F. Some students may prefer to do more assignments each day, allowing for breaks on other days. Each week listed has five days but due to vacations the school work week may not be M-F. Please adapt the days to your school schedule. As the student completes each assignment, he/she should put an “X” in the box. Approximately 30 to 45 minutes per lesson, five days a week

Course includesbooks from creationist authors with solid, biblical worldviews:

Includes answer keys for worksheets, quizzes, and semester tests

David Down - The Archaeology Book, Unwrapping the Pharaohs, and Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Worksheets for each chapter Quizzes are included to help reinforce learning and provide assessment opportunities; optional semester exams included Designed for grades 10 to 12 in a oneyear course to earn 1 history credit

David Down has been a field archaeologist for over four decades, excavating regularly in Israel and involved in numerous digs over the years. John Ashton - Unwrapping the Pharaohs John Ashton is a Fellow of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute and specializes in food and nutrition research. He has also served as editor of some of the most compelling books compiled on faith, origin issues, and science essays released in the past few years.

Course Description This is the suggested course sequence that allows one core area of science to be studied per semester. You can change the sequence of the semesters per the needs or interests of your student; materials for each semester are independent of one another to allow flexibility.

Contents Suggested Daily Schedule............................................................................................................................6 Worksheets The Archaeology Book Worksheets.........................................................................................................13 Unwrapping the Pharaohs Worksheets..................................................................................................37 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Worksheets...............................................................................................97 Quizzes and Tests The Archaeology Book Quizzes............................................................................................................141 The Archaeology Book Test..................................................................................................................149 Unwrapping the Pharaohs Quizzes......................................................................................................153 Unwrapping the Pharaohs Test............................................................................................................171 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Quizzes...................................................................................................175 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Test.........................................................................................................185 History & Archaeology of the Bible Final Test...................................................................................189 Answer Key The Archaeology Book Worksheets.......................................................................................................193 Unwrapping the Pharaohs Worksheets................................................................................................197 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Worksheets.............................................................................................210 The Archaeology Book Quizzes............................................................................................................218 The Archaeology Book Tests.................................................................................................................222 Unwrapping the Pharaohs Quizzes......................................................................................................224 Unwrapping the Pharaohs Tests...........................................................................................................232 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Quizzes...................................................................................................234 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Tests........................................................................................................238 History & Archaeology of the Bible Final Test...................................................................................240 Enhanced Archaeology Book Glossary.......................................................................................................241 Book 1: The Archaeology Book You will learn both the techniques of the archaeologist and the accounts of some of the richest discoveries of the Middle East that demonstrate the accuracy and historicity of the Bible. You will unearth: how archaeologists know what life was like in the past; why broken pottery can tell more than gold or treasure; some of the difficulties in dating ancient artifacts; how the brilliance of ancient cultures demonstrates God’s creation; history of ancient cultures, including the Hittites, Babylonians, and Egyptians; the early development of the alphabet and its impact on discovery; the numerous archaeological finds that confirm biblical history; and why the Dead Sea scrolls are considered such a vital breakthrough. Book 2: Unwrapping the Pharaohs Authors David Down and John Ashton present a groundbreaking new chronology that supports the biblical account. Go back in time as famous Egyptians such as the boy-king Tutankhamen, the female pharaoh Hatshepsut, and the beautiful Cleopatra are brought to life. Learn who the pharaoh of the Exodus was and where his pyramid is in this captivating new look at Egyptian history. The DVD includes a breathtaking journey through the pyramids and temples of Egypt. Go deep into ancient tombs and discover the fascinating architecture and history of the pyramids. See how discrepancies in biblical and secular chronologies are easily reconciled. Book 3: Unveiling the Kings of Israel Study the history of the small nation of Israel, including the troubled and devastating periods of loss and exile once lost to time. Far from being a book of myths, the Bible is an amazing historical record and each year, more archaeological discoveries continue to prove its validity and significance. Follow the intriguing clues found buried in ancient cities, on the walls of early monuments, and in the written records of our world’s oldest civilizations. Walk the ancient streets, explore the distant temples, and unearth the compelling history that continues to resonate with the world today. As you study fascinating accounts that fill in some of history’s unwritten record, you can follow the Biblical timeline through detailed photos and examples. 

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First Semester Suggested Daily Schedule Date

Day

Assignment First Semester-First Quarter

Week 1

Day 1

Read Pages 6-9 • The Archaeology Book • (AB)

Day 2

Read Pages 10-19 • (AB) What Archaeology is . . . - Words to Know • Archaeology Ch1: Worksheet 1 • Pages 15-16 • Lesson Planner • (LP) What Archaeology is All About - Questions Archaeology Ch1: Worksheet 1 • Page 16 • (LP) What Archaeology is All About - Activities Archaeology Ch1: Worksheet 1 • Page 16 • (LP) Read Pages 20-24 • (AB)

Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

Week 2

Day 8 Day 9 Day 10 Day 11 Day 12

Week 3

Day 21

Read Pages 30-35 • (AB) The Hittites - Words to Know, Questions Archaeology Ch3: Worksheet 1 • Pages 19-20 • (LP) The Hittites - Activities Archaeology Ch3: Worksheet 1 • Page 20 • (LP) Read Pages 36-41 • (AB) Ur of the Chaldees - Words to Know, Questions Archaeology Ch4: Worksheet 1 • Pages 21-22 • (LP) Ur of the Chaldees - Activities Archaeology Ch4: Worksheet 1 • Page 22 • (LP) Read Pages 42-45 • (AB) Assyria - Words to Know, Questions Archaeology Ch5: Worksheet 1 • Pages 23-24 • (LP) Assyria - Activities Archaeology Ch5: Worksheet 1 • Page 24 • (LP) The Archaeology Book Quiz 2 (Ch 3-5) • Pages 143-144 • (LP)

Day 22

Read Pages 46-51 • (AB)

Day 23

Babylon: City of Gold - Words to Know, Questions Archaeology Ch6: Worksheet 1 • Pages 25-26 • (LP) Babylon: City of Gold - Activities Archaeology Ch6: Worksheet 1 • Page 26 • (LP) Read Pages 52-55 • (AB)

Day 13 Day 14 Day 15 Day 16 Day 17

Week 4

Day 18 Day 19 Day 20

Week 5

Day 24 Day 25

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Read Pages 25-29 • (AB) Land of Egypt - Words to Know Archaeology Ch2: Worksheet 1 • Page 17 • (LP) Land of Egypt - Questions Archaeology Ch2: Worksheet 1 • Pages 17-18 • (LP) Land of Egypt - Activities Archaeology Ch2: Worksheet 1 • Page 18 • (LP) The Archaeology Book Quiz 1 (Ch 1-2) • Pages 141-142 • (LP)

Due Date

 Grade

Date

Day Day 26 Day 27

Week 6

Day 28 Day 29 Day 30 Day 31 Day 32

Week 7

Day 33 Day 34 Day 35 Day 36 Day 37

Week 8

Day 38 Day 39 Day 40 Day 41

 Grade

Read Pages 64-69 • (AB) Petra - Words to Know, Questions Archaeology Ch8: Worksheet 1 • Pages 29-30 • (LP) Petra - Activities Archaeology Ch8: Worksheet 1 • Page 30 • (LP) Read Pages 70-77 • (AB) The Archaeology Book Quiz 3 (Ch 6-8) • Pages 145-146 • (LP) The Phoenicians - Words to Know, Questions Archaeology Ch9: Worksheet 1 • Pages 31-32 • (LP) The Phoenicians - Activities Archaeology Ch9: Worksheet 1 • Page 32 • (LP) Read Pages 78-83 • (AB) Dead Sea Scrolls - Words to Know, Questions Archaeology Ch10: Worksheet 1 • Pages 33-34 • (LP) Dead Sea Scrolls - Activities Archaeology Ch10: Worksheet 1 • Page 34 • (LP) Read Pages 84-88 • (AB)

Day 44 Day 45

The Archaeology Book Test (Ch 1-11) • Pages 149-151 • (LP)

Day 43

Due Date

Read Pages 56-59 • (AB) Persia - Words to Know, Questions Archaeology Ch7: Worksheet 1 • Pages 27-28 • (LP) Persia - Activities Archaeology Ch7: Worksheet 1 • Page 28 • (LP) Read Pages 60-63 • (AB)

Read Pages 89-93 • (AB) Israel - Words to Know, Questions Archaeology Ch11: Worksheet 1 • Pages 35-36 • (LP) Israel - Activities Archaeology Ch11: Worksheet 1 • Page 36 • (LP) The Archaeology Book Quiz 4 (Ch 9-11) • Page 147-148 • (LP)

Day 42 Week 9

Assignment

First Semester-Second Quarter

Week 1

Day 46

Read Pages 4-7 • Unwrapping the Pharaohs • (UP)

Day 47

Read Pages 8-13 • (UP)

Day 48

Unwrapping the Pharaohs: DVD Pyramids and Mummies

Day 49

Unwrapping the Pharaohs: DVD Pyramids and Mummies Pyramids and Mummies - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch1: Worksheet 1 • Pages 39-40 • (LP) Read Pages 14-19 • (UP) The Step Pyramid - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch2: Worksheet 1 • Pages 41-42 • (LP) Read Pages 20-25 • (UP)

Day 50 Day 51 Day 52 Week 2

Day 53 Day 54 Day 55

Read Pages 26-29 • (UP) The Lost Pyramid - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch3: Worksheet 1 • Pages 43-44 • (LP) 

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Date

Week 3

Day

Assignment

Day 56

Unwrapping the Pharoahs Quiz 1 (Ch 1-3) • Page 153 • (LP)

Day 57

Read Pages 30-35 • (UP) Seneferu - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch4: Worksheet 1 • Pages 45-46 • (LP) Read Pages 36-42 • (UP)

Day 58 Day 59 Day 60 Day 61 Day 62

Week 4

Day 63 Day 64

Day 66

The Smaller Pyramid of Menkaure - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch7: Worksheet 1 • Pages 51-52 • (LP) Unwrapping the Pharoahs Quiz 2 (Ch 4-7) • Page 155 • (LP)

Day 67

Read Pages 58-63 • (UP)

Day 68

The Shoddy Pyramids - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch8: Worksheet 1 • Pages 53-54 • (LP) Read Pages 64-69 • (UP)

Day 65

Week 5

Day 69

Day 71

More Shoddy Pyramids - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch9: Worksheet 1 • Pages 55-56 • (LP) Read Pages 70-74 • (UP)

Day 72

Read Pages 75-77 • (UP)

Day 73 Day 74

How Do We Know … ? - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch10: Worksheet 1 • Pages 57-58 • (LP) Unwrapping the Pharoahs Quiz 3 (Ch 8-10) • Page 157 • (LP)

Day 75

Read Pages 78-82 • (UP)

Day 76

Read Pages 83-87 • (UP)

Day 77

The Glorious Middle Kingdom - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch11: Worksheet 1 • Pages 59-60 • (LP) Read Pages 88-95 • (UP)

Day 70

Week 6

Week 7

Day 78

Day 80

Pharaohs of the Oppression - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch12: Worksheet 1 • Pages 61-62 • (LP) Unwrapping the Pharaohs: Review DVD Pyramids & Mummies

Day 81

Unwrapping the Pharaohs: Review DVD Pyramids & Mummies

Day 82

Unwrapping the Pharoahs Quiz 4 (Ch 11-12) • Page 159 • (LP)

Day 83

Unwrapping the Pharaohs: DVD Temples and Tombs

Day 84

Unwrapping the Pharaohs: DVD Temples and Tombs

Day 85

Unwrapping the Pharaohs: DVD Interview with David Down

Day 79

Week 8

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Read Pages 43-47 • (UP) Khufu Built the Big One - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch5: Worksheet 1 • Pages 47-48 • (LP) Read Pages 48-53 • (UP) The Pyramids of Khafre - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch6: Worksheet 1 • Pages 49-50 • (LP) Read Pages 54-57 • (UP)

Due Date

 Grade

Date

Day

Assignment

Due Date

 Grade

Day 86 Read Pages 96-100 • (UP) Day 87 Read Pages 101-103 • (UP) Week 9

Mysterious Hyksos - Questions and Activities Day 88 The Unwrapping Ch13: Worksheet 1 • Pages 63-64 • (LP) Day 89 Read Pages 104-107 • (UP) Liberated - Questions and Activities Day 90 Egypt Unwrapping Ch14: Worksheet 1 • Pages 65-66 • (LP) Mid-Term Grade

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Second Semester Suggested Daily Schedule Date

Day

Assignment Second Semester-Third Quarter

Week 1

Week 2

Day 91

Read Pages 108-111 • (UP)

Day 92

Read Pages 112-115 • (UP)

Day 93 Day 94

A New Day Dawns Over Egypt - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch15: Worksheet 1 • Pages 67-68 • (LP) Read Pages 116-120 • (UP)

Day 95

Read Pages 121-123 • (UP)

Day 96 Day 97

Hatshepsut, The Female Pharaoh - Questions and Activities Unwrapping Ch16: Worksheet 1 • Pages 69-70 • (LP) Unwrapping the Pharoahs Quiz 5 (Ch 13-16) • Page 161 • (LP)

Day 98

Read Pages 124-128 • (UP)

Day 99

Read Pages 129-131 • (UP)

Greatest of all the Pharaohs - Questions and Activities Day 100 The Unwrapping Ch17: Worksheet 1 • Pages 71-72 • (LP) Day 101 Read Pages 132-135 • (UP)

Week 3

Mighty Archer - Questions and Activities Day 102 The Unwrapping Ch18: Worksheet 1 • Pages 73-74 • (LP) Day 103 Read Pages 136-139 • (UP) Pharaoh and the Sphinx - Questions and Activities Day 104 The Unwrapping Ch19: Worksheet 1 • Pages 75-76 • (LP) Day 105 Unwrapping the Pharoahs Quiz 6 (Ch 17-19) • Page 163 • (LP)

Week 4

 ead Pages 140-145 • (UP) Day 106 R the Magnificent - Questions and Activities Day 107 Amenhotep Unwrapping Ch20: Worksheet 1 • Pages 77-78 • (LP) Day 108 Read Pages 146-150 • (UP) Day 109 Read Pages 151-155 • (UP) Akhenaten & Nefertiti the Beautiful - Questions and Activities Day 110 Unwrapping Ch21: Worksheet 1 • Pages 79-80 • (LP) Day 111 Read Pages 156-161 • (UP)

Week 5

Week 6

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 e Boy King Tutankhamen - Questions and Activities Th Day 112 Unwrapping Ch22: Worksheet 1 • Pages 81-82 • (LP) Day 113 Unwrapping the Pharoahs Quiz 7 (Ch 20-22) • Page 165 • (LP) Day 114 Read Pages 162-167 • (UP) to a New Dynasty - Questions and Activities Day 115 Transition Unwrapping Ch23: Worksheet 1 • Page 83 • (LP) Day 116 Read Pages 168-175 • (UP) the Great - Questions and Activities Day 117 Rameses Unwrapping Ch24: Worksheet 1 • Pages 85-86 • (LP) Day 118 Read Pages 176-181 • (UP) Dynasty of Rameses - Questions and Activities Day 119 The Unwrapping Ch25: Worksheet 1 • Pages 87-88 • (LP) Day 120 Unwrapping the Pharoahs Quiz 8 (Ch 23-25) • Page 167 • (LP)

Due Date

 Grade

Date

Week 7

Day

Assignment

Due Date

 Grade

Day 121 Read Pages 182-187 • (UP) Third Intermediate Period - Questions and Activities Day 122 The Unwrapping Ch26: Worksheet 1 • Pages 89-90 • (LP) Day 123 Read Pages 188-193 • (UP) Glory Departs - Questions and Activities Day 124 The Unwrapping Ch27: Worksheet 1 • Pages 91-92 • (LP) Day 125 Read Pages 194-198 • (UP) Day 126 Read Pages 199-204 • (UP) Day 127 Read Pages 205-208 • (UP)

Week 8

Week 9

Day 128 Read Pages 209-211 • (UP) Correct Chronology - Questions and Activities Day 129 A Unwrapping Ch28: Worksheet 1 • Pages 93-94 • (LP) Day 130 Read Pages 212-215 • (UP) Pharaohs of the Bible - Questions and Activities Day 131 The Unwrapping Ch29: Worksheet 1 • Pages 95-96 • (LP) Day 132 Unwrapping the Pharaohs: Review DVD Temples and Tombs Day 133 Unwrapping the Pharoahs Quiz 9 (Ch 26-29) • Page 169 • (LP) Day 134 Study Day Day 135 Unwrapping the Pharoahs Test (Ch 1-29) • Page 171 • (LP) Second Semester-Fourth Quarter

Week 1

Week 2

Day 136 Read Pages 6-15 • Unveiling the Kings of Israel • (UKI) Ancestors - Questions and Activities Day 137 Mankind’s Unveiling Ch1: Worksheet 1 • Pages 99-100 • (LP) Day 138 Read Pages 16-23 • (UKI) Came From Ur - Questions and Activities Day 139 Abraham Unveiling Ch2: Worksheet 1 • Pages 101-102 • (LP) Day 140 Read Pages 24-33 • (UKI) in Canaan - Questions and Activities Day 141 Abraham Unveiling Ch3: Worksheet 1 • Pages 103-104 • (LP) Day 142 Read Pages 34-39 • (UKI) and Rebekah - Questions and Activities Day 143 Isaac Unveiling Ch4: Worksheet 1 • Pages 105-106 • (LP) Day 144 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Quiz 1 (Chs 1-4) • Page 175 • (LP) Day 145 Read Pages 40-47 • (UKI) and Esau - Questions and Activities Day 146 Jacob Unveiling Ch5: Worksheet 1 • Pages 107-108 • (LP) Day 147 Read Pages 48-55 • (UKI)

Week 3

to Moses - Questions and Activities Day 148 Joseph Unveiling Ch6: Worksheet 1 • Pages109-110 • (LP) Day 149 Read Pages 56-63 • (UKI) Sinai Peninsula - Questions and Activities Day 150 Crossing Unveiling Ch7: Worksheet 1 • Pages 111-112 • (LP)

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11

Date

Week 4

Week 5

Week 6

Day

Assignment

Day 151 Read Pages 64-69 • (UKI) Begins - Questions and Activities Day 152 Invasion Unveiling Ch8: Worksheet 1 • Pages 113-114 • (LP) Day 153 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Quiz 2 (Ch 5-8) • Page 177 • (LP) Day 154 Read Pages 70-77 • (UKI) the Jordan - Questions and Activities Day 155 Crossing Unveiling Ch9: Worksheet 1 • Pages 115-116 • (LP) Day 156 Read Pages 78-85 • (UKI) to Judges - Questions and Activities Day 157 Joshua Unveiling Ch10: Worksheet 1 • Pages 117-118 • (LP) Day 158 Read Pages 86-93 • (UKI) and Saul - Questions and Activities Day 159 Samuel Unveiling Ch11: Worksheet 1 • Pages 119-120 • (LP) Day 160 Read Pages 94-99 • (UKI) as King - Questions and Activities Day 161 David Unveiling Ch12: Worksheet 1 • Pages 121-122 • (LP) Day 162 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Quiz 3 (Ch 9-12) • Page 179 • (LP) Day 163 Read Pages 100-107 • (UKI) of Solomon - Questions and Activities Day 164 Glories Unveiling Ch13: Worksheet 1 • Pages 123-124 • (LP) Day 165 Read Pages 108-113 • (UKI)

Week 7

Week 8

and Judah - Questions and Activities Day 166 Israel Unveiling Ch14: Worksheet 1 • Pages 125-126 • (LP) Day 167 Read Pages 114-119 • (UKI) and Assyria - Questions and Activities Day 168 Israel Unveiling Ch15: Worksheet 1 • Page 127-128 • (LP) Day 169 Read Pages 120-125 • (UKI) and Assyria - Questions and Activities Day 170 Judah Unveiling Ch16: Worksheet 1 • Pages 129-130 • (LP) Day 171 Read Pages 126-131 • (UKI) into Exile - Questions and Activities Day 172 Judah Unveiling Ch17: Worksheet 1 • Pages 131-132 • (LP) Day 173 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Quiz 4 (Ch 13-17) • Page 181 • (LP) Day 174 Read Pages 132-137 • (UKI) from Exile - Questions and Activities Day 175 Return Unveiling Ch18: Worksheet 1 • Pages 133-134 • (LP) Day 176 Read Pages 138-145 • (UKI) to Malachi - Questions and Activities Day 177 Esther Unveiling Ch19: Worksheet 1 • Pages 135-136 • (LP)

Week 9

Day 178 Read Pages 146-155 • (UKI) of Kings - Questions and Activities Day 179 King Unveiling Ch20: Worksheet 1 • Pages 137-138 • (LP) Day 180 Unveiling the Kings of Israel Quiz 5 (Ch 18-20) • Page 183 • (LP) Optional Semester (page 185) and/or Final Exam (page 189) Final Grade

12  

Due Date

 Grade

Archaeology Worksheets for Use with The Archaeology Book

The Archaeology Book

What Archaeology is.. All About Pages 6–19

Day 3, 4, & 5

Chapter 1 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. accession year AD archaeology artifact BC carbon dating ceramic chronology debris EB exile exodus hieroglyphs LB MB millennium non-accession year pottery

First Semester/First Quarter  

15

synchronism tell Questions 1. What does the word archaeology mean? 2. For what three reasons were cities built on hills? 3. When did people first start using coins? 4. Why are inscriptions found on ancient pottery valuable to archaeologists? 5. What are the four main periods of archaeological time? Activities 1. Find a small piece of damp clay or plasticine, and with the end of a screwdriver impress your name on it, creating your own seal impression. 2. Set up an archaeological treasure hunt with some everyday items. Have an adult bury the items in shallow holes, covering them with a thin layer of soil. Carefully go about digging them up and classifying your treasures in a journal.

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First Semester/First Quarter

The Archaeology Book

Land of Eygpt Pages 20–29

Day 8, 9, & 10

Chapter 2 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. Asiatic baulk dowry drachma dynasty mastabas Nubia Pharaoh Questions 1. What is the Egyptian name for Egypt?

2. Who was the first Egyptian king to build a pyramid?

3. Who built the biggest pyramid in Egypt?

First Semester/First Quarter  

17

4. What was the name of the Egyptian god of the Nile River?

5. What did the Egyptians in the twelfth dynasty mix with their bricks to hold them together?

Activities 1. Find a small cardboard or plastic box. Make some mud out of earth and a little water, mix some dry grass with it and put it into the box. When it is fairly dry turn the box upside down and lift it off the brick you have made. Let it dry. 2. Develop a chart with your family history or dynasty. Try to trace the ancestry of one parent or both, depending on the information you have available. List these as names on a graph or draw an actual tree with the branches representing the family members.

18  

First Semester/First Quarter

The Archaeology Book

The Hittites Pages 30–35

Day 13 & 14

Chapter 3 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. amphitheater Anatolia bathhouse inscription Questions 1. Which was the strongest nation in the Middle East 3000 years ago?

2. Which two nations did the Syrians think had come to attack them?

3. Who were the Hittites descended from?

First Semester/First Quarter  

19

4. How often were the Hittites mentioned in the King James Version of the Bible?

5. Who wrote the book The Empire of the Hittites?

Activities 1. Draw a rough map of Turkey and write in the names Constantinople and Boghazkale where you think they were a few thousands years ago. 2. Read the book of Esther. Write three discussion questions about the story and find an evening this week to discuss the story with your family.

20  

First Semester/First Quarter

The Archaeology Book

Ur of the Chaldees Pages 36–41

Day 16 & 17

Chapter 4 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. centurion Chaldees nomad papyrus Questions 1. In the Bible, how many references are there to Ur of the Chaldees?

2. Who was the main excavator of Ur of the Chaldees?

3. Why did Woolley not excavate the cemetery as soon as he found it?

First Semester/First Quarter  

21

4. What was the name of the people who occupied ancient Ur?

5. What did Woolley find in the Death Pits of Ur?

Activities 1. Research the ancient Hittite civilization online or at your local library. How many resources can you find available for this people once thought to be a myth?

22  

First Semester/First Quarter

The Archaeology Book

Assyria Pages 42–45

Day 19 & 20

Chapter 5 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. bulla Medes scarab seal Questions 1. Who discovered Nineveh?

2. What was the name of the ruins where Layard first started digging?

3. What was the name of the king of Israel that was mentioned on the black pillar Layard found in Nimrud?

First Semester/First Quarter  

23

4. What was the name of the king of Israel when Sennacherib besieged Jerusalem?

5. How many cities did Sennacherib claim he conquered?

Activities 1. Get some plasticine or soft clay and press it down flat. Get a pencil or small twig of a tree the width of a pencil, and cut one end to form a triangle. Press this end down horizontally and vertically on the clay, making your own cuneiform impressions. 2. Sometimes archaeologists must learn a language to help them understand a culture better, just as Layard studied the Persian language. Choose a language to study briefly and obtain several books from the library to help you learn some basic words and phrases.

24  

First Semester/First Quarter

The Archaeology Book

Babylon: City of Gold Pages 46–51

Day 23 & 24

Chapter 6 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. Armenians cuneiform strata syncline Questions 1. What was the name of the cuneiform record which told a story similar to the Bible record of Noah and the flood?

2. Which Assyrian king compiled a library of tablets in Nineveh?

First Semester/First Quarter  

25

3. What did the Babel builders stick their bricks together with?

4. Which king made Babylon a city of gold?

5. Which Bible prophet predicted that Babylon would become uninhabited?

Activities 1. Log on to the Internet and search for “Ishtar Gate Berlin Museum.” This will bring up a picture of the gate from Babylon that Professor Koldewey sent back to Berlin. 2. Research the Bible account of the Flood and compare this account with other accounts from around the world. A good resource from a Christian perspective is Flood Legends by Charles Martin.

26  

First Semester/First Quarter

The Archaeology Book

Persia Pages 52–59

Day 27 & 28

Chapter 7 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. Persia rhyton Questions 1. Who was the king who first carved out the Medo-Persian Empire?

2. In what year did he conquer Babylon?

3. Which Persian king left an inscription on the rock face of the Zagros Mountain near Bisitun?

First Semester/First Quarter  

27

4. What was the name of the great Persian city that Darius built?

5. What was the name of the official who tried to destroy all the Jews in Persia?

Activities 1. Read the book of Esther in the Bible and count how many times the word God is used. You may be surprised. 2. Study the celebration of Purim that is still celebrated today. Observe how the traditions and even the games relate back to Queen Esther.

28  

First Semester/First Quarter

The Archaeology Book

Petra Pages 60–69

Day 31 & 32

Chapter 8 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. bedouin cistern Edom Edomites Nabataeans siq theater wadi Questions 1. In what year did Burckhardt discover Petra?

2. Whose descendants occupied Petra?

First Semester/First Quarter  

29

3. What were his descendants called?

4. Which Bible prophet wrote a book about Petra?

5. Which Roman emperor had a road constructed through Petra?

Activities 1. Pottery in Petra was very thin. Get some plasticine or clay and make a small teacup without a handle. See how thin you can make it. 2. Set up a tent in your yard and talk about what it would be like to live life as a Bedouin, wandering from place to place. Consider staying overnight in the tent, weather permitting.

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First Semester/First Quarter

The Archaeology Book

The Phoenicians Pages 70–77

Day 35 & 36

Chapter 9 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. Baal causeway Yehovah Questions 1. What were the four main cities of ancient Phoenicia?

2. Which trees were Phoenicia famous for?

3. Whose tomb did Pierre Montet find?

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4. Which Bible prophet challenged the prophets of Baal?

5. Which Bible prophet predicted that ancient Tyre would never be found?

Activities 1. Find a map of the Mediterranean Sea and try to work out how far it is from Phoenicia — now called Lebanon — to Spain. That is how far Phoenician ships sailed. 2. Make a relief of your hand by pressing your palm and fingers into a flat piece of clay or by pressing foil over your hand to make a metallic looking imprint. See how much detail you can add once the initial impression is made.

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First Semester/First Quarter

The Archaeology Book

The Dead Sea Scrolls Pages 78–83

Day 38 & 39

Chapter 10 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. scroll vellum Questions 1. In what year was the first Dead Sea Scroll found?

2. How many letters were in the Hebrew alphabet?

3. What were most of the Dead Sea Scrolls written on?

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4. Which is the longest acrostic in the Bible?

5. What was the name of the settlement near the cave where the Dead Sea Scrolls were found?

Activities 1. F  ind a King James version of the Bible and look at Psalm 119. At the beginning of every eighth verse you will find a letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Write out the 22 letters of the alphabet. 2. Take several pieces of white or tan cardstock. Write or paint a favorite Bible passage across it. When dry, roll up the “scroll” and tie it off with ribbon or string.

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First Semester/First Quarter

The Archaeology Book

Israel Pages 84–93

Day 42 & 43

Chapter 11 Worksheet 1

Name

Words to Know – Write the definition in the space provided below. annunciation Calvary Golgotha grotto Messiah ossuary Passover Questions 1. Which Roman Emperor adopted Christianity as the state religion?

2. Jesus’ name in Hebrew was Yeshua. What does the name mean?

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3. In what river was Jesus baptized?

4. In which city did Jesus enter a synagogue and cast out a demon?

5. What does the word Calvary mean?

Activities 1. A  t the back of most Bibles are maps of Palestine. Try to calculate how far it was from Jerusalem to Galilee. Jesus walked this distance many times. 2. U  sing poster board or cardstock, create a map of Israel. You might consider paints or markers to color the rivers, lakes, and land. Glue on small blocks or other objects to represent towns and cities.

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First Semester/First Quarter

Unwrapping Worksheets for Use with Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Pyramids and Mummies Pages 4–13

Day 50

Chapter 1 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. According to the biblical worldview, how long ago were humans created?

2. According to the biblical worldview, how long ago was Noah’s Flood?

3. What is the oldest continuous civilization?

4. From which of Noah’s sons did Egypt descend?

5. The present local name for Egypt is “Misr.” Who is this name derived from?

6. What allowed Egyptian hieroglyphs to be decoded?

7. W  hy have there been a number of erroneous conclusions drawn from archaeological discoveries in Egypt?

8. How can we construct a timeline of the kings of Egypt dating back to two centuries after Noah’s Flood?

9. What are the two oldest records of human history that we have?

10. Who was the largest of the three great pyramids on the outskirts of Cairo built for and what was his Greek name?

11. Who was the first king of the first dynasty?

12. What is a mastaba, and what does the word mean? First Semester/Second Quarter  

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13. What is a sarcophagi?

14. By what dynasty was the art of embalming developed to the point bodies were well-preserved and had a life-like appearance?

15. Where is the salty mineral natron used in embalming found?

16. From what Persian word is the English word “mummy” derived and what does it mean?

17. Which Greek traveler described the process of embalming? When did he visit Egypt? What is the name of his book?

18. Where in the Bible is embalming mentioned? Who was embalmed? Why do you think he was embalmed? (Hint: read through the end of the chapter where embalming is mentioned in the Bible.)

19. What became of most of the human mummies?

20. What does the presence of highly intelligent people suddenly appearing thousands of years ago say about the theory of evolution?

Activities 1. S ome of the information about the history of Egypt is derived from the ancient historian Josephus. Research the writings of Josephus. Write a report on why his research and chronology are relevant to us today. 2. S tart a timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete each chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of each chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline, but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in each chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Step Pyramid Pages 14–19

Chapter 2 Worksheet 1

Day 52

Name

Questions 1. Why did the Step Pyramid of Saqqara signal a giant leap forward in burial practices in ancient Egypt?

2. Which king was the Step Pyramid of Saqqara built for and who was the architect?

3. Zoser would have lived around the time of which biblical figure?

4. Where is the present day city of Ur in Sumer located?

5. A  t the time of the construction of the great pyramids of Egypt, the Sumerian architects were acquainted with which types of architecture?

6. What three areas did the inhabitants of Ur have advanced knowledge in?

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7. W  hat circumstantial evidence supports the idea that there was communication between Egypt and Mesopotamia?

8. Who excavated the famed death pits of Ur of the Chaldees in Sumer from 1922-1934?

9. W  hat did the people who accompanied Shub-ad and her husband into the burial chambers, giving up their lives, believe?

10. What was the Zosar, or Step Pyramid of Saqqara, originally faced with and where did it come from?

Activities 1. Write a research paper on the excavations of Sir Leonard Woolley. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline, but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter, particularly Ur of the Chaldees, on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Lost Pyramid Pages 20–29

Day 55

Chapter 3 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. W  ho was convinced in the 1950s that there was a lost pyramid on the Saqqara Plateau and set out to find it?

2. Where and when did Zakaria begin his archaeological career?

3. Who was the last king of the fifth dynasty?

4. Describe in detail where Zakaria began his search for the missing pyramid.

5. What did Zakaria notice on the western edge of the rectangle?

6. Why did Zakaria conclude that the missing pyramid was built later than Zoser’s pyramid?

7. What later confirmed the missing pyramid was built later than Zoser’s pyramid?

8. What date was the great discovery of an enormous wall running east and west made?

9. What are archaeologists looking for rather than treasures?

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10. How did Zakaria establish that the pyramid had not been disturbed for some 3,000 years?

11. Why was it concluded that the stone vessels uncovered were for funerary purposes?

12. What name did the seal impression bear, signifying the name of the owner of the pyramid?

13. What was the sarcophagus they found made of?

14. What was the weight of the sarcophagus?

15. What was found inside the sarcophagus?

Activities 1. Write a research paper on the life and excavations of Zakaria Goneim, retelling the story of the lost pyramid in your own words. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Seneferu, The World’s Greatest Pyramid Builder Pages 30–35

Day 58

Chapter 4 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What is probably the last pyramid built by Seneferu?

2. Who was the first king of the fourth dynasty?

3. Which pyramids were the first to assume the true pyramid shape?

4. What did Kurt Mendelssohn believe about the first of the three pyramids at Meidum?

5. W  hat is revealed by the inscription written by pilgrims during the eighteenth dynasty found on the Meidum pyramid?

6. What claims were made by Sir Flinders Petrie about the first of the three pyramids at Meidum?

7. N  ame the royal prince and his wife whose mastaba can be found just to the northeast of the Meidum pyramid.

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8. Name the king’s son and his wife whose statue can be found in the Cairo Museum.

9. How did the “Bent Pyramid” get its name?

10. What explanation do you think best explains why the builders changed the angle of the Bent pyramid? Why?

11. It appears that the building of the lower half of the Bent pyramid only took two years, which seems impossible. Do you think the workers completed the lower half in two years? Why or why not? Give supporting arguments for your theory.

12. How did the “Red Pyramid” get its name?

Activities 1. Write a research paper on the reign of King Seneferu and the three pyramids he built. Get your parent’s permission to gather outside information. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Khufu Built the Big One Pages 36–47

Day 61

Chapter 5 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. How did Josephus claim the Egyptians came to know the arithmetic and science of astronomy that may have helped them achieve the mathematical accuracy found in Khufu’s pyramid?

2. What is the Greek name for Seneferu’s son, Khufu?

3. Herodotus wrote about the building process of Khufu’s pyramid. Why isn’t the information contained in his writings considered to be authoritative?

4. What knowledge did the Egyptians have in the building of Khufu’s pyramid that was centuries ahead of the Greeks?

5. How does the ingenuity, craftsmanship, and organizational skills of the builders of Khufu’s pyramid support the biblical account of creation?

6. Who supervised the building of Khufu’s pyramid?

7. Who is responsible for the lower entrance of Khufu’s pyramid currently used by tourists? First Semester/Second Quarter  

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8. What was Khufu’s pyramid originally covered with?

9. Who are the three smaller pyramids on the east side of Khufu’s pyramid assumed to belong to?

10. What process did Moustafa use to reassemble the funerary boat found in 1954 south of Khufu’s pyramid?

Activities 1. Draw a map of the inside of Khufu’s pyramid based on the descriptions in this chapter and, with your parent’s permission, additional outside sources. Label each passage and chamber and tell what discoveries were found there. 2. Do a study of Abraham. Explain how biblical dating is used to place Abraham in Egypt at the right time to pass on information that may have helped build Khufu’s pyramid. Hint: use Scriptures listed on page 37 to aid your report. 3. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 4. Locate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Pyramid of Khafre Pages 48–53

Day 63

Chapter 6 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Name the son of Khufu who only reigned for eight years.

2. Whose was Kahfre’s brother?

3. How did Kahfre’s pyramid compare with Khufu’s?

4. What did Belzoni discover in the Valley of the Kings in Luxor?

5. What was found in the sarcophagus of Kahfre?

6. Where do the known passages under the Sphinx lead?

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7. What is causing the pollution problem around the Sphinx?

8. In 1988, what surprise did tourists receive while standing to admire the Sphinx?

9. Speculate on how the nose and beard of the Sphinx suffered damage. Use logical explanations to back up your theory.

10. What did Giovanna Caviglia discover when exploring the Sphinx?

Activities 1. Write a biographical report of Giovanni Belzoni. 2. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. Locate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

50  

First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Smaller Pyramid of Menkaure Pages 54–57

Day 65

Chapter 7 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Where is Menkaure’s sarcophagus located today?

2. Who was the last great pyramid builder in Egypt?

3. How did Menkaure’s pyramid compare with the other fourth dynasty pyramids?

4. Name Menkaure’s queen.

5. Where can the statue of Menkaure and his queen be found?

6. Who were the three smaller pyramids behind Menkaure’s pyramid probably for?

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7. How do we know the nose was still on the Sphinx in 12th century A.D.?

8. Who was probably the last Egyptian king in the fourth dynasty?

9. Where was Shepseskaf buried?

10. Describe the place where Shepseskaf was buried.

Activities 1. Write a biographical report on the characters of the Bible who lived in the times of the Egyptian Kings Menkaure and Shepseskaf. 2. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. Locate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Shoddy Pyramids Pages 58–63

Chapter 8 Worksheet 1

Day 68

Name

Questions 1. Name the first king of the fifth dynasty.

2. What were the pyramids of the fifth dynasty faced with to make them look good even though the structure was shoddy?

3. Who was Userkaf succeeded by?

4. What is depicted in the scenes discovered by Czechs in 1996?

5. How many of the six sun temples have been found that are described in the Papyri found in the pyramid of Queen Kentkhawes?

6. Why do you think the wall of Unas’s causeway depicts emaciated figures? First Semester/Second Quarter  

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7. Who was Iufaa and what did they find of his?

8. Who was the last Egyptian king in the fifth dynasty?

9. Who is classified as the world’s first archaeologist?

10. What is the most important feature of the pyramid of Unas?

Activities 11. Write a report on the life of Jacob during in the times of the fifth dynasty Egyptian King Neferirkare. 12. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 13. Locate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

More Shoddy Pyramids Pages 64–69

Day 70

Chapter 9 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What is an indicator that there were some wealthy and powerful Egyptian officials during the sixth dynasty period?

2. Who was the son of Unas and first king of the sixth dynasty and what other name is he known by?

3. What seems to indicate that the account written by the Egyptian priest Manetho, who lived some 1,500 years later, was correct in his reports that Egyptian king Teti was murded by his bodyguard?

4. What may Teti’s successors have done, believing they were condemning the guilty bodyguards to no existence of an afterlife?

5. Archaeologists have learned a great deal from the reliefs decorating exquisite mastabas in the fifth and sixth dynasties. Why did the Egyptians put so much time, energy, and riches into depicting everyday Egyptian life in these tombs?

6. Who are the most prominent Egyptian kings of the sixth dynasty and what were they known for?

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7. According to Manetho, who was the last ruler of the sixth dynasty and what is said about this ruler? Give details about her life.

8. What does Manetho’s account of Dynasties 7 to 11 suggest?

9. Who founded the eleventh dynasty and who did it end with?

10. What needs to happen if some of the dynasties did not exist independently?

Activities 1. Write a report on the life of Jacob and family in Canaan during in the times of the sixth dynasty Egyptian Kings Teti and Pepi I. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

How Do We Know What Happened? Pages 70–77

Day 73

Chapter 10 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Why do we have to question the claims that the dates of Egyptian history are “astronomically fixed?”

2. What are the three main sources for the information we have? All put together, they should tell one harmonious history. Do they?

3. What can we conclude when a king wrote on a statue that it was made in his tenth year?

4. Why might a king record his battles and achievements on buildings and temple walls?

5. Did Herodotus believe everything he wrote down?

6. What is most troubling about Manetho’s writings?

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7. What two historians, and in what century, quoted Manetho?

8. What did early scholars choose to ignore?

9. Explain the correlation between Egyptian and Hittite history.

10. What is the obvious solution to the apparent anomalies of Hittite historical dates?

Activities 1. Write a report to answer the question, “Can we justifiably meddle with the dates of Egyptian history?” 2. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. Locate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Glorious Middle Kingdom Pages 78–87

Day 77

Chapter 11 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Dynasty 12, by the revised chronology, would be in what biblically significant era?

2. Significantly, what were the pyramids in the twelfth dynasty built from?

3. What vividly describes a seven-year famine similar to the seven-year famine recorded in Genesis 41:30?

4. Who was the first Egyptian king of the twelfth dynasty and what other name was he known by?

5. Who was probably the pharaoh that Joseph served?

6. What are the three great high points in Egyptian history?

7. What other names is Sesostris I known by?

8. How many known buildings between the delta and Aswan did Sesostris I build?

9. Who is the vizier Mentuhotep presumed to be? First Semester/Second Quarter  

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10. Why has the burial chamber of Sesostris I never been entered by archaeologists?

11. What two pharaohs followed Sesostris I?

12. What did Pyri found in the city now called Kahun reveal?

13. In whose tomb was found more than 9,500 gold beads, ivory inlay, two flint razors with golden handles, mirrors, and pectorals?

14. Where are the gold beads and other jewelry taken from the tomb currently found on display?

Activities 1. Write a biographical report on the life of Joseph, merging it with the findings of the twelfth dynasty. 2. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

60  

First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Pharaohs of the Oppression Pages 88–95

Day 79

Chapter 12 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Which dynasty has prolific evidence for slaves in Egypt?

2. Which pharaoh may have been the foster father of Moses?

3. What is the Egyptian name for Sesostris III and what does it mean?

4. How does Robert describe the facial features displayed on statues of Sesostris III?

5. Who is the most likely contender for the princess who adopted Moses?

6. Which woman reigned in the twelfth dynasty?

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7. Where are the two pyramids Amenemhet III built for himself?

8. Who is believed to have built the famed Labyrinth?

9. How many rooms did Herodotus report was in the Labyrinth and where were they located?

10. Who was the last pharaoh of the twelfth dynasty?

Activities 11. Write a biographical report on the life of Moses, merging it with the findings of the twelfth dynasty. 12. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 13. Locate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Mysterious Hyksos Pages 96–103

Day 88

Chapter 13 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Who was probably the pharaoh of the Exodus?

2. What area did the Asiatic slaves suddenly disappear from?

3. Why are scarabs useful in dating sites?

4. What interesting item can be found in the Liverpool Museum that adds credibility that the Exodus took place in the time period of Neferhotep I’s reign?

5. What evidence for the biblical account of the Hebrew slaves in Egypt was found beneath the floors of houses excavated in Kahun by Petrie?

6. What evidence has been found that suggests the Hebrew slaves departed Kahun suddenly and without premeditation?

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7. Other than the Bible, what record of the ten plagues of Egypt was found?

8. What can explain the historical record that claims the Hyksos poured in and conquered Egypt without a battle?

9. Has the mummy of Khasekemre-Neferhotep been found?

10. Neferhotep had a son whose name was Wahnerferhotep, yet it was Neferhotep’s brother, Sobkhotpe IV, who occupied the throne shortly after it was vacated. Why is this significant?

Activities 1. Read the Exodus account in the Bible and write a report on how each plague showed that Yahweh was superior to the Egyptian gods. With your parent’s permission, use outside sources for information regarding the Egyptian gods and what they represented. Write your report from the viewpoint of how the Egyptians may have viewed the plagues based on their worldview. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. Locate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

64  

First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Egypt Liberated Pages 104–107

Day 90

Chapter 14 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Where is the Valley of the Kings located?

2. What strange incident triggered the war of liberation that ushered in the mighty Dynasty 18?

3. Who ruled Egypt in the fifteenth and sixteenth dynasties?

4. What was found on the mummy of Seqenenre, indicating he died in a battle?

5. What was found in 1954 in Karnak and what did it describe?

6. What group of people mentioned in the Bible did Velikovsky and Courville both conclude were the Hyksos?

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65

7. What did God say to Moses about the Amalekites?

8. Who destroyed the Amalekites?

9. Who did Manetho assign as the first king of the eighteenth dynasty?

10. Ahmosis was succeeded by his son, Amenhotep I. Amenhotep I was the first pharaoh to do what?

Activities 1. Saul reigned in the time of the Hyksos, or Amalekites. Read the biblical account of the life of Saul and write a biographical report on him. Be sure to include his conquest of the Amalekites. 2. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. Locate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

66  

First Semester/Second Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

A New Day Dawns in Egypt Pages 108–115

Day 93

Chapter 15 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What city was captured and burned and given to Solomon as a dowry?

2. Nefrubity, the daughter of which eighteenth dynasty pharaoh, married Solomon according to the revised chronology?

3. Describe Thutmosis I.

4. What evidence is there that the Egyptians reached northern Syria?

5. Who was Thutmosis I’s famous daughter who became the sole ruler of Egypt?

6. Why do archaeologists scoff at the concept of a powerful and affluent kingdom under Solomon?

7. What age matches the biblical records of Solomon’s reign?

8. Why would Thutmos I give Gezer as a dowry for his daughter to Solomon? Second Semester/Third Quarter  

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9. What is found in Gezer below the thick layer of black ash where the city was thoroughly burned?

10. Who started a fashion in the Temple of Karnak by erecting two granite obelisks there?

11. Who built and maintained an elaborate village at Deir el Medina on the west bank of the Nile at Luxor for the families involved in making their tombs in the Valley of the Kings?

12. Out of the more than sixty tombs cut into the stone at the Valley of the Kings, how many survived with all the treasures intact?

Activities 1. King Solomon married foreign wives, including the daughter of an Egyptian pharaoh. Study the life of Solomon in the Bible and write a report on his life and the effects his foreign wives had on him and his kingdom. 2. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

68  

Second Semester/Third Quarter

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Hatshepsut, The Female Pharaoh Pages 116–123

Day 96

Chapter 16 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Who is Queen Hatshepsut identified as in the Bible according to the revised chronology?

2. On whose behalf did Hatshepsut assume the role of regent? Why?

3. Were Hatshepsut’s courtiers content to serve a female pharaoh?

4. Whose obelisk is the tallest still standing in Egypt today?

5. What was the most remarkable event in the life of Hatshepsut?

6. Where is this remarkable event depicted?

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69

7. What other incentive, besides hearing the wisdom of Solomon, might Hatshepsut have had to visit Solomon?

8. Who may have been the bride in the song that was sung at Solomon’s wedding?

9. Where do Egyptian inscriptions refer to Punt being located?

10. Who was Hashepsut’s much-discussed vizier?

Activities 1. Write a research report on Hatshepsut’s temple at Deir el Bahri. With your parent’s permission, use outside sources. Describe the design, contents, and what the temple may have been used for. Also describe the depiction of the trip to Punt and how it relates to biblical history. 2. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. Locate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Greatest of all the Pharaohs Pages 124–131

Day 100

Chapter 17 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Why is Thutmosis III considered to be the greatest of all the pharaohs?

2. On the outside wall of Thutmosis III’s shrine is depicted loot he took. What record in the Bible does this event correspond with?

3. From what point did Thutmosis III date the years of his reign?

4. What did Thutmosis III do in his first year of sole reign?

5. How did Thumosis III describe his conquest of Megiddo?

6. Who does Velikovsky maintain Thutmosis III was a contemporary with? Second Semester/Third Quarter  

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7. Why is Thutmosis III referred to as an Egyptian Napoleon?

8. Where in New York can one of Thutmosis III’s obelisks be found?

9. Why do you think Thutmosis III waited so long to erase and destroy evidence of Hatshepsut’s reign?

10. Why are the simple line drawings in the tomb of Thutmosis so valuable to archaeologists?

Activities 1. Write a report on the life and times of Rehoboam. Include reasons why the Lord may have allowed Thutmosis III to plunder the temple. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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The Mighty Archer Pages 132–135

Day 102

Chapter 18 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Who did Thutmosis III crown as the next pharaoh before his death?

2. What skills was Amenhotep II known for?

3. Why do archaeologists believe the account of the “Ethiopians” in 2 Chronicles 14:8-9 is referring to the Egyptians?

4. Who are the only two mummies which have been found in their original tomb?

5. Where did the priests in from the twenty-first dynasty bury most of the mummies they had gathered?

6. In what year did the authorities in Cairo become aware that valuable artifacts were finding their way onto the antiquities market?

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7. What were the mummies making their way to Cairo classified as for taxation?

8. Where were the remaining mummies gathered by the twenty-first dynasty priests buried?

9. What beloved object was found beside the sarcophagus of Amenhotep II?

10. Why did thieves tear Amenhotep II’s mummy to shreds?

Activities 1. W  rite a report comparing the dating assigned to this era. Include the strengths and problems of revised and traditional dating. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Pharaoh and the Sphinx Pages 136–139

Day 104

Chapter 19 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Who left a stela between the paws of the Sphinx?

2. What was the purpose of the stela?

3. What did Thutmosis IV presumably die of in his 20s?

4. What did the Sphinx supposedly tell Thutmosis IV to do in order for the Sphinx to make him pharaoh?

5. What did Thutmosis IV rely on to maintain the status quo?

6. What deity did Thumosis IV make supreme in Egypt?

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7. Statues of Thutmosis IV show him as robust. What condition did archaeologists find the mummified body in?

8. What was discovered in 1903 while Howard Carter was working for Theodore Davis?

9. Where was the earliest Egyptian chariot ever found?

10. Where was the body of Thutmosis IV found?

Activities 1. Study the biblical kings Asa, Ahab, and Jehoshaphat and write a report about their eras. 2. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Amenhotep the Magnificent Pages 140–145

Day 107

Chapter 20 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Why has the Colossi of Memnon, which stood at the entrance to the temple and palace complex of Amenhotep III at Luxor, survived the centuries?

2. How many wives did Amenhotep III have?

3. Name Amenhotep III’s favorite wife.

4. Who does the largest statue in the Cairo Museum depict?

5. Who built the largest temple and palace complex ever built in Egypt?

6. Where did Amenhotep III reside for the first 20 years of his reign?

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7. What surprising discovery did Stadelmann find when the ten feet of Nile mud was cleared away from the Colossi?

8. What had been thought to have caused the destruction of the temple, and how did Stadelmann’s discovery change that theory?

9. How many surviving statues are there of Amenhotep III?

10. Assuming Amenhotep III’s mummy has been correctly identified, what did he probably die of and what evidence points to the cause?

Activities 1. R  esearch the Cairo Museum and write a report about the items it contains on display and filed away. Ask for permission before using outside resources. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Akhenaten & Nefertiti the Beautiful Pages 146–155

Day 110

Chapter 21 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What does “Nefertiti” mean?

2. What era is the most intriguing and controversial? Why?

3. Where did Akhenaten build his capital city and what was it called?

4. How many daughters did Akhenaten father?

5. What interesting feature of people is depicted in Amarna art?

6. Which of his daughters did Akhenaten marry?

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7. What incentive did critics of the Bible have to insist Akhenaten practiced monotheism?

8. How does the revised dating refute the claim that King David copied his Psalm 104 from Akhenaten’s hymn honoring Aten?

9. How is it that the most beautiful bust of Nefertiti is found on display in Berlin, Germany, rather than Cairo, Egypt?

10. What do you think happened to Nefertiti? Why?

Activities 1. R  esearch the sixty letters (clay tablets in cuneiform writing) that were discovered in Tel el Amarna that were from the king of Sumur. Write a report on how these letters may be from a governor of Sumaria named Amon in a time of famine during the days of King Ahab. What evidence is there for and against this theory? Ask for permission before using outside resources. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Boy King Tutankhamen Pages 156–161

Day 112

Chapter 22 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What were the three layers of Tutankhamen’s tomb made from?

2. Who was Tutankhamen married to and how was she related to Tutankhamen’s father, Akhenaten?

3. What was built in the lifetime of King Tutankhamen to link the Temple of Karnak with the vast temple of Mut?

4. How did the tomb of Tutankhamen escape the relentless tomb robbers that had decimated so many other tombs in the Valley of the Kings?

5. Why did Howard Carter go to Egypt?

6. How did Howard Carter find Tutankhamen’s tomb since he was commissioned for artistic purposes and had no formal university education? Second Semester/Third Quarter  

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7. What evidence refutes the idea of the curse of the pharaohs?

8. How long did it take Carter to remove every object from the tomb of Tutankhamen?

9. How many gilded boxes did Carter have to open before he found the sarcophagus of Tutankhamen?

10. How much did Tutankhamen’s inner coffin alone weigh?

Activities 1. Do further research on the amazing discovery of King Tutankhamen’s tomb. Find out as much as you can about the contents and what is known about this young king. Ask for permission before using outside resources. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Transition to a New Dynasty Pages 162–167

Day 115

Chapter 23 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Why did Ankhesenamen reportedly write a letter to the Hittite king, Supililiumas?

2. How was this plan reportedly foiled by Eye?

3. What happened to the blocks used for Harmheb’s pylon that were taken from the temple that Akhenaten built?

4. Who did Harmheb will the throne to?

5. What journey did the mummy believed to be Rameses I make?

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6. What kind of king was Sethi I?

7. How did the reliefs in the temple of Sethi I at Abydos retain their color?

8. What did Sethi I record in an apparent effort to establish his right to the throne?

9. What is remarkable about Sethi I’s mummy?

Activities 1. C  reate a king list starting with Menes and ending with Sethi I. With your parent’s permission, try to obtain a copy of Sethi’s list and include a picture of it with your list. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Rameses the Great Pages 168–175

Day 117

Chapter 24 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What were some of the “great” things Rameses II was known for?

2. What was the height and weight of Rameses II’s best-known statue originally erected in Memphis?

3. What unexpected place was a 13-foot-high granite statue of Rameses II found?

4. After studying writings by Rameses II and the Hittites, what have archaeologists concluded about the battle for which Rameses claimed decisive victory?

5. Where did Rameses II build magnificent temples?

6. How many obelisks did Rameses II build?

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7. Who was Rameses II’s favorite wife? How was she usually depicted? Describe her tomb.

8. How was the multiple burial tomb for Rameses II’s sons found?

9. Where may the long mud brick storehouses found at Luxor and Abydos have originated from?

10. How many of Rameses II’s sons died prior to him?

Activities 1. F  ind a copy of the map created by Kent Weeks and highlight the structures built by Rameses II. Ask your parent’s permission before using outside resources. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Dynasty of Rameses Pages 176–181

Day 119

Chapter 25 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Why should the “Peleset” be identified with the Persians, not the Philistines?

2. Why did Petrie believe he would be remembered more for his 1896 stela discovery than anything else he ever found?

3. What would archaeologists expect to read on the stela if Merneptah had invaded and conquered Israel?

4. According to Courvilles’s revised chronology, who was responsible for Israel’s defeat?

5. What is one possible reason the Medinet Habu temple is remarkably well-preserved?

6. What did Sanders admit about the “facts” they had gathered from the inscriptions at Medinet Habu about the Peoples of the Sea and who they were? Second Semester/Third Quarter  

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7. Why is it an error to conclude the “sea peoples” annihilated the Hittites in the 13th century B.C.?

8. What was found on the tiles from the places Ramses III built at Tel el-Yehudiya in the delta that creates more problems for traditional dating which puts Rameses III in the thirteenth dynasty?

9. What is a more logical identification of the peoples of the sea?

10. Who was the last native prince of Egypt and where is his tomb located?

Activities 1. Read 2 Kings and write down all of the verses that are useful in dating and understanding world events, dates, and chronology. 2. Continue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. Locate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Intermediate Period Pages 182–187

Day 122

Chapter 26 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What is inscribed on Hungry Rock?

2. Why is the Third Intermediate Period, Dynasties 21 to 25, called a dark age?

3. On what does James blame the most protracted and troublesome debates over history and biblical archaeology?

4. What dating method seems water-tight but is based on shaky assumptions?

5. Where would the conquest of Jerusalem be expected to be recorded on the reliefs by Shoshenq?

6. Does the evidence lead us to believe that the Third Intermediate Period existed as separate dynasties?

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7. How are neighboring countries of Egypt placed in the chronology and how does that cause problems?

8. Where did Pierre Montet discover the beautiful golden death mask?

9. What was found in the bandages of mummies, relocated to protect them from grave robbers, that created problems for traditional chronology?

10. What sleepy city sprawls along the bank of the Nile in the deep south of Egypt, and where did the granite for temples, statues, and obelisks come from?

Activities 1. R  ead the biblical account of Israel’s exile. Write a report on why they ended up in exile and the events that led up to it. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Glory Departs Pages 188–193

Day 124

Chapter 27 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What did the prophet Jeremiah predict would happen to the pharaoh Hophra and what happened?

2. How do we know the chronology of 700 B.C. onward is correct?

3. How did the Egyptians often refer to the Nubians?

4. Who was crowned king in 690 at Memphis?

5. Where was Taharka buried?

6. Who was the longest ruling pharaoh on record?

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7. Whose archers shot and killed King Josiah according to the Bible?

8. Who was the last of the great pharaohs, reigning for nearly half a century?

9. Who wrote that there would come a time when there would no longer be princes from the land of Egypt and that it would be the lowliest of kingdoms, never again to exalt itself above the nations? Did this prophecy come to pass?

10. Why did the great monuments and idols fall into ruins?

Activities 1. Read Ezekiel and write a report on the world events that Ezekiel wrote of and lived in. 2. C  ontinue the timeline of Egyptian history. Include biblically relevant events as you complete this chapter. Reference the timeline dates found at the beginning of this chapter and add additional relevant dates found in the chapter reading. Use the revised dates for your timeline but include a notation of traditional dates. 3. L  ocate the places mentioned in this chapter on the map on page 4. Remember to compare them to the Egypt Today map on page 5.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

A Correct Chronology Pages 194–211

Chapter 28 Worksheet 1

Day 129

Name

Questions 1. What two sources are the most reliable when it comes to chronology calculations?

2. What theory is the Bible in direct conflict with?

3. How many years does the Bible’s chronology limit the origins of life to?

4. How do the strata layers indicate that one layer was suddenly deposited on the layer beneath, which would be expected in Noah’s Flood?

5. Who added a hundred years to most of the progenitors named in Genesis 5 and 11?

6. The King James Bible translation is based on the Hebrew Masoretic text. Which translation of the Hebrew Old Testament is less reliable? Second Semester/Third Quarter  

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7. What does the Bible record about the origins of nations?

8. Who is considered to have been the father of the Egyptians?

9. What do we now know that Josephus did not know when he wrote that Abraham communicated to Egypt arithmetic and astronomy?

10. What did Gardiner write? Who should know more about the past than man?

Activities 1. Based on the chronology listed on pages 205–210, write a written narrative describing what we know about history through the ages. 2. Use the chronology of pages 205–210 to fill in any missing information on your timeline.

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

The Pharaohs of the Bible Pages 212–215

Day 131

Chapter 29 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. According to the biblical account of the Exodus, what became bogged down when the Egyptian army pursued the Israelites into the Red Sea?

2. How far back is there agreement between the history of Egypt and the biblical records?

3. What brings remarkable agreement between the records of Egypt and Israel?

4. How has the Egyptian record been preserved through time?

5. How have Old Testament writings been preserved through time?

6. What mechanisms did the Jewish scribes build into their customs to protect the Old Testament books from corruption or amendment? Second Semester/Third Quarter  

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7. Which pharaohs are mentioned by name in the Old Testament?

8. According to the shortened chronology, who is probably the daughter of pharaoh Thutmosis I whom King Solomon married?

9. According to the shortened chronology, who is the pharaoh identified as the one who appointed Joseph over Egypt, and who was Joseph possibly identified as?

10. Since many problems are resolved with a shortened chronology, what reasons might archaeologists have to cling to the traditional chronology?

Activities 1. Write a report on what you have learned in this book about dating and chronologies. Include information on what archaeologists rely on to put together chronologies, limitations of the records and discoveries, and what has been found to be reliable for the purpose of chronologies. 2. Use the timeline of pages 212–213 to fill in any missing information on your timeline.

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Unveiling Worksheets for Use with Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Mankind’s Ancestors Pages 6–15

Day 137

Chapter 1 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What chronology reveals alarming inconsistencies?

2. When the chronology is revised, what do we find?

3. What does the Hebrew word mean that the word “ark” is translated from?

4. What would we expect to see signs of in between layers of strata that were supposedly laid down over long expanses of time that are not found?

5. Due to the process of decomposition, how must life forms be buried in order to fossilize?

6. Does the fossil evidence in the Grand Canyon give credibility to the theory of evolution? Why or why not?

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7. What is the rainbow a symbol of?

8. What great king of the Assyrian Empire built a library in his palace at Nineveh and amassed a huge collection of clay tablets?

9. What is the cache of tablets called that narrates a version of Noah’s Flood?

10. Why do the worldwide accounts of Noah’s Flood vary in detail?

Activities 1. W  rite a research report on Noah’s ark. Include in your report facts on the construction and how Noah fit so many animals on the boat. Also speculate on where you believe Noah’s ark landed and whether or not it will ever be found. Get your parent’s permission before accessing outside information. 2. A  dd events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. F  ind a map that shows what Israel looked like in the days of the Bible and compare it to the map on page 4.

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Abraham Came from Ur Pages 16–23

Chapter 2 Worksheet 1

Day 139

Name

Questions 1. Where is the logical place the Tower of Babel should be found?

2. What people groups descended from the three sons of Noah — Shem, Ham, and Japheth?

3. Where is likely the earliest civilization of the world and who established it?

4. What land does the Bible say Abraham left to go to the land of Canaan?

5. What did Taylor find at Tel el Muqayyar that was underappreciated at first?

6. What did Woolley’s excavation reveal about the people of Ur?

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7. Describe the homes found in Ur.

8. What does the passage quoted from Woolley’s book The Sumerians describe?

9. Where did Terah, Abraham’s father, die?

10. What did Josephus claim Abraham communicated to the Egyptians?

Activities 1. Write a research report on Ur of the Chaldees, focusing on the scholarship of this early people group. Get your parent’s permission before accessing outside information. 2. A  dd events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Abraham in Canaan Pages 24–33

Day 141

Chapter 3 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. How old was Abram when he departed from Haran?

2. Why do you think Abram went to Egypt?

3. How old was Sarah when the pharaoh inducted her into his harem?

4. W  hich pharaoh does the evidence point to that built a pyramid based on the knowledge Abram shared with Egypt?

5. How many people were probably in Abram’s tribe by the time he went in pursuit to recover his nephew Lot?

6. How old was Abram when God changed his name to Abraham?

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7. What is the result of Sarah and Abraham taking matters into their own hands rather than trusting God to bring them a child?

8. What does the name Isaac mean?

9. What beautiful concept does the story of Abraham’s trip to sacrifice Isaac illustrate?

10. What does the Hebrew word keseph mean?

Activities 1. Using the dates related to Abraham given in this chapter, research volcanic activity that may have rained down sulphur when Lot fled Soddom. Write a report describing your theory on how the events may have happened. Get your parent’s permission before accessing outside information. 2. A  dd events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. C  ompare the vintage map on page 33 with the map on page 5. Identify as many boundaries and locations as you can. 104  

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Isaac and Rebekah Pages 34–39

Chapter 4 Worksheet 1

Day 143

Name

Questions 1. Describe the location of Mari.

2. What events took place that resulted in the cuneiform tablets at Mari being preserved for so long?

3. Who recovered information about the marriages of Zimri-lin’s daughters to kings ruling over his vassal estates along with his own betrothal to Princess Siptu?

4. What was Yaram-lin anxious about during the dealings with Asaudum?

5. How old was Isaac when Abraham sent his servant out to find Isaac a wife?

6. What does the archaeological evidence prove about domesticated camels? What cannot be ruled out?

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7. About how long did the young woman at the well spend getting Eliezer’s camels water to drink?

8. What kind of gifts did both Rebekah and Princess Siptu receive as part of the marriage negotiations?

9. Name the twins Rebekah gave birth to after 20 years of marriage to Isaac.

10. Where is it traditionally thought the three couples — Abraham and Sarah, Isaac and Rebekah, and Jacob and Leah — are buried?

Activities 1. Find the story in Genesis of Abraham sending his servant to find a bride for Isaac. Retell it in your own words. Use detail and describe what you think each scene looked like. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Jacob and Esau Pages 40–47

Day 146

Chapter 5 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Who were the descendants of Esau and Jacob?

2. Who received the birthright blessing from Isaac and had to flee for his life in fear of his brother?

3. What does Jacob’s ladder represent in the New Testament?

4. How did Jacob reap the deception he had sown?

5. How many sons did Jacob father and what role do they play in the Bible?

6. Who changed Jacob’s name? What was it changed to? Why do you think this happened?

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7. What is one of the few authentic sites in Israel?

8. What is regarded as the third most sacred site in Israel by Jewish pilgrims? What does Scripture say about this site?

9. What famous character of the Bible was an Edomite who killed all the babies shortly after Jesus was born?

10. Where did Esau and Jacob bury Isaac?

Activities 1. Read the account of Esau and Jacob in the Bible. Write a report on the consequences of our actions on generations. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Joseph to Moses Pages 48–55

Day 148

Chapter 6 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Who was Jacob’s favorite son?

2. Who did the brothers sell Joseph to as a slave?

3. Who was Joseph sold to next?

4. How many years went by before the butler remembered Joseph and he was summoned by Pharaoh from prison?

5. What role did Pharaoh appoint Joseph to?

6. According to the revised dating, which pharaoh did Joseph serve under?

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109

7. How many years passed before Joseph saw his brothers again after they had sold him into slavery?

8. What pharaoh was it likely God sent Moses to with the message to let the Israelites go?

9. What does the death of the Passover Lamb represent?

10. What peculiar evidence is found in the Dynasty 13 era that points to an Asiatic group suddenly deserting Gurob?

Activities 1. Read the account of Joseph through the Exodus in the Bible. Write a report on the events and how they line up with the evidence found in Egypt. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Crossing Sinai Peninsula Pages 56–63

Day 150

Chapter 7 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Do we know the exact route the Israelites took in the desert?

2. What makes us suspect the theory that the Israelites crossed the Red Sea at Nuweiba in the Gulf of Aqaba?

3. Where does Paul place Mount Sinai?

4. From what place did Moses send out the twelve spies?

5. What event condemned the Israelites to wandering the desert for 40 years?

6. When was Dr. Rudolph Cohen able to excavate the area of Kadesh Barnea?

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter  

111

7. How many sites dating to the Middle Bronze I period have been surveyed in the Central Negev?

8. In what age was Jericho destroyed?

9. Why did the cities of Jericho and Ai lay in ruins for hundreds of years?

10. Which head of the Israel Antiquities Authority believes the MBI finds in the Negev belong to the invading Israelites?

Activities 1. Study the Bronze Age I period and write a research report on the revised chronology and how the evidence found in the Negev supports the biblical account of Israelites’ presence in this time period. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Compare the vintage map on page 33 with a current map of the area. Identify as many boundaries and locations as you can.

112  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Invasion Begins Pages 64–69

Day 152

Chapter 8 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What kind of wildlife was common in Canaan’s early history?

2. Can we assume the Israelites turned back in the Sinai deserts to live out the 40 years before they could enter the Promised Land?

3. Is there evidence that the Israelites may have occupied the Negev?

4. What possible reason may explain why no cisterns are found in the Middle Bronze Age?

5. What name was given to the road between Petra and Amman and follows the same route to this day?

6. What did God send in response to the grumbling of the Israelites?

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter  

113

7. Why did Jesus use the symbol of a snake to represent Himself, referring back to the pole with the bronze snake on it that the Israelites had to look upon for healing?

8. Why did Hezekiah break the pole with the snake on it after it had survived 700 years?

9. What did God use to speak to Balaam?

10. Where did Moses die?

Activities 1. Read the account found in the Bible of the wilderness period of the Israelites. Write a report on their failures and successes before the Lord. Include in your report the incident of the poisonous snakes and how Jesus used it as an example of Himself. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

114  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Crossing Jordan Pages 70–77

Day 155

Chapter 9 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What happened when the priests with the ark of God stepped into the flood waters of the Jordan?

2. Describe the archaeological evidence found at Jericho that supports the biblical description.

3. What city is considered by some to be the oldest continuously occupied town in the world?

4. What solution is there to the apparent dating issues of the biblical account of the invasion of Jericho?

5. How old was Joshua when he became the Israelite leader and what was he dedicated to?

6. Who are the most prominent Egyptian kings of the sixth dynasty and what were they known for?

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115

7. Describe the traits of the Israelites that matched what was found at the archaeological site of Jericho when it was destroyed.

8. Do archaeologists all agree on the dates assigned to the various ages ascribed to the layers of cities?

9. State the flaw in Dr. Israel Finkelstein’s statement.

10. What should we do when the archaeology findings do not seem to fit the biblical record?

Activities 1. Research the archaeological discoveries at Jericho. Write a report on how the discoveries match the biblical account of the Israelites’ invasion. Remember to get your parent’s approval before accessing outside information. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

116  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Joshua to Judges Pages 78–85

Day 157

Chapter 10 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Why did the Israelites meet defeat the first time they attacked Ai?

2. Where does a long gap in occupation occur in the city of Ai, just as we would expect after the invasion Ai by the Israelites?

3. Who studied acoustics to see if a human voice could be carried loud and far enough for two million people to hear what was being said without the aid of modern sound equipment, and what did he find?

4. What statement did the excavations at Hazor demonstrate the validity of?

5. What was found at Shiloh that puzzles archaeologists who hold to traditional dating but makes perfect sense according to the biblical record?

6. What other characteristic of Shiloh puzzled Israel Finkelstein because he holds to traditional dating, but makes perfect sense when following the biblical record?

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117

7. How many decisive battles have been fought at Armageddon throughout the course of history?

8. Who was the woman that Deborah prophesied would kill Sisera?

9. What interesting feature did the “straw men” have?

10. What was embedded into the jawbone found on the Philistine coast by archaeologists?

Activities 1. Read in the Bible about the history of the Israelites from the invasion of Ai through Sampson’s death. Write a paper on this time period with special emphases on what happened when they turned from God and worshiped other idols, and what happened when they repented and turned back to Him. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

118  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Samuel and Saul Pages 86–93

Chapter 11 Worksheet 1

Day 159

Name

Questions 1. How old may Samuel have been when he was taken to Eli, the high priest?

2. Why did Eli fall off his stool, breaking his neck?

3. Why did the Philistines send the ark to Ekron?

4. Why did Samuel anoint Saul king?

5. What did Samuel tell Saul after, in direct disobedience, he saved the best animals in order to sacrifice them to God?

6. Who did Saul commission to play music to soothe his troubled mind?

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119

7. What location was identified as Gath?

8. What name was found on an ostracon that verifies it was a known name in Gath?

9. What Knesset member verified that the biblical account on the battle between David and Goliath is credible?

10. Briefly describe Beth Shan and its mention in the Bible.

Activities 1. Read in the Bible the history of Saul’s life. Write a paper on what you have learned from the life of Saul, including his victories and failures. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Compare the vintage map on page 33 with a current map of the area. Identify as many boundaries and locations as you can.

120  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

David as King Pages 94–99

Day 161

Chapter 12 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. What did David leave us as a priceless legacy?

2. Who climbed the shaft that gave access to water and succeeded in capturing the city of Jebus, later to be known as Jerusalem?

3. What was the key thing David did to repulse the Philistines?

4. What mistake was made by David and Uzzah in moving the ark?

5. What time period is clearly the time of David and Solomon according to the evidence?

6. What was found in Dan that infuriated minimalists who try to claim David never even existed?

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121

7. What moral failure did David make?

8. How does the Bible describe David because of his repentant attitude and tenderness toward the Lord?

9. What son revolted against David, aided by Bathsheba’s grandfather?

10. How many of the psalms in the Book of Psalms did David write?

Activities 1. Write a biographical report on the life of Moses, merging it with the findings of the twelfth dynasty. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

122  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Glories of Solomon Pages 100–107

Day 164

Chapter 13 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Who was most likely the Egyptian bride of Solomon? Who were her father and her sister?

2. Which two people wrote songs for the wedding of Solomon and his Egyptian bride and where are they found in the Bible?

3. What advice did David give to his Egyptian daughter-in-law?

4. What advice given by Moses did Solomon disregard?

5. What period of time should the reign of Solomon be placed in?

6. What was perhaps Solomon’s greatest achievement?

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7. How are we able to calculate the date of the Exodus?

8. What did Queen Hatshepsut call the land of Punt?

9. How many proverbs and songs did Solomon create?

10. What final advice did Solomon leave the new generations?

Activities 1. Read the Book of Ecclesiastes and of the history of Solomon in the Bible. Write a report on the life of Solomon. Include the good and bad consequences of Solomon’s choices and what you think he would have changed if he could have gone back in time. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

124  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Israel and Judah Pages 108–113

Day 166

Chapter 14 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. After the death of Solomon, which two kings was the kingdom divided under, over which tribes did each reign, and where was each kingdom located?

2. Which king set up golden calves to worship out of fear his subjects would go to the other kingdom to worship in Jerusalem?

3. Which pharaoh boasted of the treasures he acquired that matched the items taken from Solomon’s temple during the reign of Rehoboam?

4. What prayer did Asa utter that prompted God to rescue him from Zerah the Ethiopian?

5. Who was the most evil king who followed in the line of Jeroboam and who was his evil wife?

6. Why do you suppose Elijah called for the halt of rain in the name of the Lord?

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125

7. Did Ahab take responsibility for severe draught in the land?

8. Following the contest between God and Baal on Mount Carmel, what did Jezebel threaten and how did Elijah react?

9. What letters were imprinted on a seal found by Nahman Avigad in 1964?

10. In whose name did Jezebel write letters in addition to her own?

Activities 1. Read the history of Elijah, king Ahab, and Jezebel in the Bible. Write a report on what you have learned from the life and times of Elijah. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter. Draw a map of the areas Elijah traveled and draw out the routes he took.

126  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Israel and Assyria Pages 114–119

Day 168

Chapter 15 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Who revolted against Israel after Ahab’s death and where is it recorded other than in the Bible?

2. Who was King Jehu obliged to pay tribute to and what depicts this act in addition to the record found in the Bible?

3. Who left a record of a religious revival in Nineveh during his reign in the time of Jonah?

4. Who became known as the Samaritans?

5. What records, in addition to the Bible, indicate that there is an error in traditional Egyptian dating of the Hittites?

6. What chronology closely matches that of Israel?

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127

7. How many books in the Bible deal with Assyria?

8. What was the name of the sailor that was reportedly swallowed by a whale but lived to tell his story?

9. Which Israeli king was made to pay tribute to the Assyrian king, Shalmaneser?

10. What problem caused the Assyrian king to send Levites to Samaria to instruct them in the rituals of the God of the land, resulting in the Samaritans fearing the Lord, yet serving their own gods?

Activities 1. Read the historical account of Jonah in the Bible. Retell the account from the perspective of Jonah and what he would have known about the Assyrians and why he was not thrilled about going to Nineveh. Also, describe God’s mercy shown to both the citizens of Nineveh and to Jonah. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

128  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Judah and Assyria Pages 120–125

Chapter 16 Worksheet 1

Day 170

Name

Questions 1. What was found at the site of ancient Nineveh that recounts the invasion of Judah by Sennacherib that corroborates the biblical account?

2. How did God respond to the genuine prayer of Hezekiah when he was sick and on his death bed?

3. What tool was used to create Hezekiah’s tunnel?

4. What remains a mystery about Hezekiah’s tunnel?

5. What event was Sennacherib so pleased with that he had extensive reliefs carved of it on his palace walls in Nineveh?

6. Who prophesied that Sennacherib would not be allowed into Jerusalem?

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129

7. Who killed Sennacherib while he was worshiping his false god?

8. Who was the last great king of Assyria and what was he known for?

9. Who prophesied against Nineveh, indicating it would be buried and forgotten and a desolation?

10. How long has Nineveh been buried and forgotten?

Activities 1. Read in the Bible the account of the reign of King Hezekiah. Retell the story from the perspective of Hezekiah including what he learned about the Lord throughout his lifetime. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

130  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Judah into Exile Pages 126–131

Day 172

Chapter 17 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Who was the worst king Judah ever had and whose son was he?

2. What great evil did Manasseh do in Judah?

3. Who does tradition maintain that Manasseh had put in a hollow log and sawed in half?

4. What did God do when Manasseh repented?

5. Who pleaded with Jehoiakim to surrender to the Babylonians?

6. What seemingly insignificant detail was recorded in the Bible that was verified in 1933 when George Weidner translated some cuneiform tablets found near the Ishtar Gate of Babylon?

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131

7. What age should be considered to be the period of the exile?

8. Summarize the ages of the Middle Bronze Age II, Late Bronze Age, and Iron Age I according to the revised chronology.

9. Who did God reveal Nebuchadnezzar’s dream and the interpretation to? Did history bear witness of this dream?

10. What did Nebuchadnezzar have to say following his seven years of mental illness?

Activities 1. Read in the Bible the account of the reign of King Nebuchadnezzar. Write a report on how God uses rulers to accomplish his will, using King Nebuchadnezzar as an example. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

132  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Return from Exile Pages 132–137

Chapter 18 Worksheet 1

Day 175

Name

Questions 1. Who predicted Cyrus’ conquest of Babylon?

2. How did Cyrus conquer Babylon?

3. Who issued the decree allowing the exiles in Babylon to return to their home countries?

4. Who did Cyrus say had given him all the kingdoms of the earth?

5. How many returned from exile?

6. Who did Cambyses have killed to keep him from seizing the throne?

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133

7. Who is known as False Smerdis? What was he called in the Bible?

8. How did Darius come to replace False Smerdis?

9. Where did Darius leave a record of his accession to the throne in three languages?

10. What great city was built by Darius?

Activities 1. Read in the Book of Haggai in Bible the account of the return of the exiles. Write a report on how God uses rulers to accomplish his will, using kings Cyrus and Darius as examples. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

134  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Esther to Malachi Pages 138–145

Day 177

Chapter 19 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Who succeeded Darius and who was he known as in the Bible?

2. What archaeological evidence has been found that corroborates the account of Xerxes’ great feast as detailed in the Bible?

3. Who was the queen who refused to come at Xerxes’ request?

4. Why did Haman endeavor to kill all of the Jews?

5. What did Xerxes promise Esther at the first feast she hosted?

6. Who was hung on the gallows prepared by Haman for Mordecai?

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135

7. How did King Xerxes save the Jews from his decree even though it couldn’t be reversed?

8. What festival is celebrated to this day to celebrate the deliverance of the Jews from the evil intentions of Haman and when is it celebrated?

9. What three officials does Nehemiah mention in the Bible that archaeologists have found evidence of?

10. Why was the new temple considered to be more glorious than Solomon’s even though it was an inferior building?

Activities 1. Read the Book of Esther in Bible. Retell the story in your own words from the perspective of either Esther or Mordecai. 2. Research both Solomon’s temple and the new temple. Write a report on the differences. Include drawings with measurements and highlights of the differences. Ask your parents for permission before using outside sources. 3. Memorize and recite the kings of Israel and Judah listed on page 145. 4. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 5. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

136  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

King of Kings Pages 146–155

Day 179

Chapter 20 Worksheet 1

Name

Questions 1. Where are the first prophetic words found in the Bible concerning the coming of Jesus the Messiah?

2. King David was told that his throne would be established forever. How was this fulfilled?

3. How was Scripture fulfilled that said Jesus would come out of Bethlehem?

4. What type of Messiah were the Jews expecting?

5. What member of the Sanhedrin snuck a visit to see Jesus but later boldly assisted in his burial?

6. Who is the only recorded person that Jesus made the claim to that He was the Messiah?

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137

7. What pool is among the few genuine sites from the life of Jesus?

8. Who anointed the feet of Jesus with expensive perfume and tears just prior to His death?

9. Whose tomb did archaeologists recently discover in Jerusalem believed to contain the bones of the high priest who presided over Jesus’ trial?

10. How will Jesus return?

Activities 1. Study the Old Testament prophecies of the coming of the Messiah. Make a list of them and how they were fulfilled in Jesus. 2. Add events and dates from each chapter to your Egyptian timeline. You may need to add to the beginning of your timeline. You may use appendix 4 to help with dates. Be sure to add the events found on the first page of each chapter, along with any other notable dates discussed. 3. Find a “Then and Now” map and locate the areas and cities mentioned in this chapter.

138  

Second Semester/Fourth Quarter

Quizzes & Tests Section

Q Define:

The Archaeology Book Concepts & Comprehension

Quiz 1

Scope: Chapters 1-2

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. accession year: ______________________________________________________________________ 2. AD: ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. BC:______________________________________________________________________________ 4. carbon dating:______________________________________________________________________ 5. EB:_______________________________________________________________________________ 6. LB:_______________________________________________________________________________ 7. MB:______________________________________________________________________________ 8. baulk:_____________________________________________________________________________ 9. synchronism:_______________________________________________________________________ 10. mastabas:__________________________________________________________________________ Multiple Answer Questions:

(2 Points Each Blank)

11. What are the four main periods of archaeological time?

a. ___________________

c. ___________________



b. ___________________

d. ___________________

12. For what three reasons were cities built on hills?

a. _____________________________________________



b. _____________________________________________



c. _____________________________________________

Short Answer Questions:

(4 Points Each Question)

13. What does the word archaeology mean?___________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

14. When did people first start using coins?___________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

15. What was the name of the Egyptian god of the Nile River?____________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

16. What is the Egyptian name for Egypt?____________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________ 

141

17. Who was the first Egyptian king to build a pyramid?_________________________________________ 18. Who built the biggest pyramid in Egypt?__________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

Applied Learning Activity:

(12 Points Total; 1 Point Each Answer)

19. Identify the Pyramids, Temples, Tombs, and unique features on Giza Map:

Pyramid of Kufu



Valley Temple of Kufu



Pyramid of Menkaure



Valley Temple of Menkaure



Pyramid of Kahfre



Valley Temple of Kahfre



The Sphinx



The Temple of the Sphinx



Pyramid of Queens



Queen’s Tombs



Eastern Cemetery



Mortuary Temple

142  

Q Define:

The Archaeology Book Concepts & Comprehension

Quiz 2

Scope: Chapters 3-5

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. amphitheater: ______________________________________________________________________ 2. Anatolia: __________________________________________________________________________ 3. centurion:__________________________________________________________________________ 4. Chaldees:__________________________________________________________________________ 5. bulla:_____________________________________________________________________________ 6. scarab:____________________________________________________________________________ Multiple Answer Questions:

(4 Points Each Blank)

7. What two nations did the Syrians think had come to attack them?

a. ___________________

b. ___________________

Short Answer Questions: (4 Points Each Question) 8. Which was the strongest nation in the Middle East 3000 years ago?______________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

9. Who were the Hittites descended from?___________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

10. How often were the Hittites mentioned in the King James Version of the Bible?____________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

11. Who wrote the book The Empire of the Hittites?_____________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

12. In the Bible, how many references are there to Ur of the Chaldees?______________________________ 13. Why did Woolley not excavate the cemetery as soon as he found it?______________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

14. What was the name of the people who occupied ancient Ur?___________________________________ 15. Who discovered Nineveh?_____________________________________________________________ 16. What was the name of the ruins where Layard first started digging?______________________________ 17. What was the name of the king of Israel that was mentioned on the black pillar Layard found in Nimrud?___________________________________________________________________________ 18. What was the name of the king of Israel when Sennacherib besieged Jerusalem?_____________________ 

143

Applied Learning Activity: (2 Points Each Blank) 19-21. Identify the writing materials and answer the questions: Vellum, Papyrus, Pottery

a. ____________________

b. ____________________

c. ____________________

22. What was Vellum made from?__________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 23. What is the name of a person who made Vellum?____________________________________________ 24. What was Papyrus made from?__________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 25. Who made Papyrus and sold it all over the Mediterranean?____________________________________ 26. What was the main city for Papyrus production?____________________________________________ 27. What word to we get from this city?______________________________________________________

144  

Q Define:

The Archaeology Book Concepts & Comprehension

Quiz 3

Scope: Chapters 6-8

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. cuneiform: _________________________________________________________________________ 2. strata:_____________________________________________________________________________ 3. syncline:___________________________________________________________________________ 4. Persia:_____________________________________________________________________________ 5. rhyton:____________________________________________________________________________ 6. cistern:____________________________________________________________________________ 7. Nabataeans:________________________________________________________________________ 8. wadi:_____________________________________________________________________________ Short Answer Questions:

(4 Points Each Question)

9. What was the name of the cuneiform record which told a story similar to the Bible record of Noah and the flood?__________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Which Assyrian king compiled a library of tablets in Nineveh?__________________________________ 11. Which king made Babylon a city of gold?__________________________________________________ 12. Which Bible prophet predicted that Babylon would become uninhabited?_________________________ 13. Who was the king who first carved out the Medo-Persian Empire?_______________________________ 14. In what year did he conquer Babylon?____________________________________________________ 15. Which Persian king left an inscription on the rock face of the Zagros Mountain near Bisitun?__________ 16. What was the name of the great Persian city that Darius built?__________________________________ 17. Which Bible prophet wrote a book about Petra?_____________________________________________ 18. Which Roman emperor had a road constructed through Petra?_________________________________ Applied Learning Activity:

(20 Points)

In your own words, tell the story of Esther. Include by name at least four of the characters and the name of the Jewish feast still celebrated today to commemorate the deliverance. (You may use the back of this page if more room is needed.)



145

Q Define:

The Archaeology Book Concepts & Comprehension

Quiz 4

Scope: Chapters 9-11

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. Baal: ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. causeway: ________________________________________________________________________ 3. Yehovah:__________________________________________________________________________ 4. scroll:____________________________________________________________________________ 5. annunciation:______________________________________________________________________ 6. Calvary:__________________________________________________________________________ 7. Golgotha:_________________________________________________________________________ 8. grotto:___________________________________________________________________________ 9. Messiah:__________________________________________________________________________ 10. ossuary:__________________________________________________________________________ Multiple Answer Questions:

(1 Point Each Blank)

11. What were the four main cities of ancient Phoenicia?

a. ___________________

c. ___________________



b. ___________________

d. ___________________

Short Answer Questions:

(4 Points Each Question)

12. Which type of tree was Phoenicia famous for?_____________________________________________ 13. Whose tomb did Pierre Montet find?____________________________________________________ 14. Which Bible prophet challenged the prophets of Baal?_______________________________________ 15. Which Bible prophet predicted that ancient Tyre would never be found?_________________________ 16. In what year was the first Dead Sea Scroll found?___________________________________________ 17. What was the name of the settlement near the cave where the Dead Sea Scrolls were found?__________

________________________________________________________________________________

18. Which Roman Emperor adopted Christianity as the state religion?_____________________________

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Applied Learning Activity:

(3 Points Each Blank)

19. Identify the languages: Sumerian, Phoenician, Hebrew, Egyptian

____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________

20. Name two books of the Bible that include chapters written in acrostic form (a form of Hebrew poetry): a. ________________________________________________________________________________ b. ________________________________________________________________________________

148  

T Define:

The Archaeology Book Concepts & Comprehension

Test

Scope: Chapters 1-11

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(3 Points Each Answer)

1. carbon dating:_______________________________________________________________________ 2. baulk:_____________________________________________________________________________ 3. synchronism:________________________________________________________________________ 4. mastabas:___________________________________________________________________________ 5. centurion:__________________________________________________________________________ 6. Chaldees:___________________________________________________________________________ 7. bulla:______________________________________________________________________________ 8. cuneiform:__________________________________________________________________________ 9. syncline:___________________________________________________________________________ 10. Persia:_____________________________________________________________________________ 11. rhyton:____________________________________________________________________________ 12. annunciation:_______________________________________________________________________ 13. ossuary:___________________________________________________________________________ 14. grotto:____________________________________________________________________________ Multiple Answer Questions:

(1 Point Each Blank)

15. What are the four main periods of archaeological time?

a. ___________________

c. ___________________



b. ___________________

d. ___________________

16. What are two reasons cities were built on hills?

a. ___________________

b. ___________________

17. What were the four main cities of ancient Phoenicia?

a. ___________________

c. ___________________



b. ___________________

d. ___________________

Short Answer Questions: (3 Points Each Question) 18. Who was the first Egyptian king to build a pyramid?_________________________________________ 19. Who built the biggest pyramid in Egypt?__________________________________________________

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149

20. What was the name of the king of Israel that was mentioned on the black pillar Layard found in Nimrud?___________________________________________________________________________ 21. What was the name of the king of Israel when Sennacherib besieged Jerusalem?_____________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

22. Which Bible prophet predicted that Babylon would become uninhabited?_________________________ 23. Who was the king who first carved out the Medo-Persian Empire?_______________________________ 24. Which Bible prophet predicted that ancient Tyre would never be found?__________________________ 25. In what year was the first Dead Sea Scroll found?____________________________________________ Applied Learning Activity:

(1 Point Each Answer)

26. Identify the Pyramids, Temples, Tombs, and unique features on Giza Map:

Pyramid of Kufu



Valley Temple of Kufu



Pyramid of Menkaure



Valley Temple of Menkaure



Pyramid of Kahfre



Valley Temple of Kahfre



The Sphinx



The Temple of the Sphinx



Pyramid of Queens



Queen’s Tombs



Eastern Cemetery



Mortuary Temple

150  

Applied Learning Activity:

(2 Points Each Answer)

27. Identify the languages: Sumerian, Phoenician, Hebrew, Egyptian

____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________

28. Name two books of the Bible that include chapters written in acrostic form (a form of Hebrew poetry): (2 Points Each Answer) a. ________________________________________________________________________________ b. ________________________________________________________________________________

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Q

Unwrapping the Pharaohs Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 1

Scope: Chapters 1-3

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. According to the biblical worldview, how long ago were humans created?

2. According to the biblical worldview, how long ago was Noah’s Flood?

3. What is the oldest continuous civilization?

4. Which of Noah’s sons did Egypt descend from?

5. What are the two oldest records of human history that we have and do they agree?

6. Who was the largest of the three great pyramids on the outskirts of Cairo built for and what was his Greek name?

7. Who was the first king of the first dynasty?

8. By what dynasty was the art of embalming developed to the point bodies were well-preserved and had a life-like appearance?

9. Where in the Bible is embalming mentioned? Who was embalmed? Why do you think he was embalmed?

10. What does the presence of highly intelligent people suddenly appearing thousands of years ago say about the theory of evolution?

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11. Why did the Step Pyramid of Saqqara signal a giant leap forward in burial practices in ancient Egypt?

12. What king was the Step Pyramid of Saqqara built for and who was the architect?

13. Zoser would have lived around the time of what biblical figure?

14. Where is the present-day city of Ur in Sumer located?

15. What circumstantial evidence supports the idea that there was communication between Egypt and Mesopotamia?

16. Who was convinced in the 1950s that there was a lost pyramid on the Saqqara Plateau and set out to find it?

17. Who was the last king of the fifth dynasty?

18. Why did Zakaria conclude that the missing pyramid was built later than Zoser’s pyramid?

19. How was Zakaria able to establish that the pyramid had not been disturbed for some 3,000 years?

20. What name did the seal impression bear, signifying the name of the owner of the pyramid?

154  

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 2

Scope: Chapters 4-7

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. Who was the first king of Dynasty 4?

2. Which pyramids were the first to assume the true pyramid shape?

3. Name the royal prince and his wife whose mastaba can be found just to the northeast of the Meidum pyramid.

4. How did the “Bent Pyramid” get its name?

5. How did the “Red Pyramid” get its name?

6. How did Josephus claim the Egyptians came to know the arithmetic and science of astronomy that may have helped them achieve the mathematical accuracy found in Khufu’s pyramid?

7. What is the Greek name for Seneferu’s son Khufu?

8. How does the ingenuity, craftsmanship, and organizational skills of the builders of Khufu’s pyramid support the biblical account of creation?

9. What was Khufu’s pyramid originally covered with?

10. What process did Moustafa use to reassemble the funerary boat found in 1954 south of Khufu’s pyramid?

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11. Name the son of Khufu who only reigned for eight years.

12. Whose was Kahfre’s brother?

13. How did Kahfre’s pyramid compare with Khufu’s?

14. What was found in the sarcophagus of Kahfre?

15. Where do the known passages under the Sphinx lead?

16. Where is Menkaure’s sarcophagus located today?

17. Who was the last great pyramid builder in Egypt?

18. How did Menkaure’s pyramid compare with the other fourth dynasty pyramids?

19. How do we know the nose was still on the Sphinx in the 12th century A.D.?

20. Who was probably the last Egyptian king in the fourth dynasty?

156  

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 3

Scope: Chapter 8-10

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. Name the first king of the fifth dynasty.

2. Who was Userkaf succeeded by?

3. Who was Iufaa and what did they find of his?

4. Who was the last Egyptian king in the fifth dynasty?

5. Who is classified as the world’s first archaeologist?

6. What is the most important feature of the pyramid of Unas?

7. What is an indicator that there were some wealthy and powerful Egyptian officials during the sixth dynasty period?

8. Who was the son of Unas and first king of the sixth dynasty and what other name is he known by?

9. Who were the most prominent Egyptian kings of the sixth dynasty and what were they known for?

10. What does Manetho’s account of Dynasties 7 to 11 suggest?

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11. Who founded the eleventh dynasty and who did it end with?

12. What needs to happen if some of the dynasties did not exist independently?

13. Why do we have to question the claims that the dates of Egyptian history are “astronomically fixed”?

14. What are the three main sources for the information we have? All put together, they should tell one harmonious history. Do they?

15. Did Herodotus believe everything he wrote down?

16. What is most troubling about Manetho’s writings?

17. What two historians, and in which century, quoted Manetho?

18. What did early scholars choose to ignore?

19. Explain the correlation between Egyptian and Hittite history.

20. What is the obvious solution to the apparent anomalies of Hittite historical dates?

158  

Q

Unwrapping the Pharaohs Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 4

Scope: Chapter 11-12

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. Dynasty 12, by the revised chronology, would be in what biblically significant era?

2. Significantly, what were the pyramids in the twelfth dynasty built from?

3. What vividly describes a seven-year famine similar to the seven-year famine recorded in Genesis 41:30?

4. Who was the first Egyptian king of the twelfth dynasty and what other name was he known by?

5. Who was probably the pharaoh that Joseph served?

6. What are the three great high points in Egyptian history?

7. How many known buildings between the delta and Aswan did Sesostris I build?

8. Who was the vizier Mentuhotep presumed to be?

9. Which two pharaohs followed Sesostris I?

10. What did Pyri found in the city now called Kahun reveal?

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159

11. Which dynasty has prolific evidence for slaves in Egypt?

12. Which pharaoh may have been the foster father of Moses?

13. What is the Egyptian name for Sesostris III and what does it mean?

14. How does Robert describe the facial features displayed on statues of Sesostris III?

15. Who is the most likely contender for the princess who adopted Moses?

16. Which woman reigned in the twelfth dynasty?

17. Where are the two pyramids Amenemhet III built for himself?

18. Who is believed to have built the famed Labyrinth?

19. How many rooms did Herodotus report was in the Labyrinth and where were they located?

20. Who was the last pharaoh of the twelfth dynasty?

160  

Q

Unwrapping the Pharaohs Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 5

Scope: Chapter 13-16

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. Who was probably the pharaoh of the Exodus?

2. What area did the Asiatic slaves suddenly disappear from?

3. What evidence for the biblical account of the Hebrew slaves in Egypt was found beneath the floors of houses excavated in Kahun by Petrie?

4. What can explain the historical record that claims the Hyksos poured in and conquered Egypt without a battle?

5. Neferhotep had a son whose name was Wahnerferhotep, yet it was Neferhotep’s brother, Sobkhotpe IV, who occupied the throne shortly after it was vacated. Why is this significant?

6. Where is the Valley of the Kings located?

7. What strange incident triggered the war of liberation that ushered in the mighty Dynasty 18?

8. What group of people mentioned in the Bible did Velikovsky and Courville both conclude were the Hyksos?

9. Who did Manetho assign as the first king of the eighteenth dynasty?

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10. Ahmosis was succeeded by his son, Amenhotep I. Amenhotep I was the first pharaoh to do what?

11. What evidence is there that the Egyptians reached northern Syria?

12. Why do archaeologists scoff at the concept of a powerful and affluent kingdom under Solomon?

13. What age matches the biblical records of Solomon’s reign?

14. Why would Thutmos I give Gezer as a dowry for his daughter to Solomon?

15. What is found in Gezer below the thick layer of black ash where the city was thoroughly burned?

16. Who is Queen Hatshepsut identified as in the Bible according to the revised chronology?

17. What was the most remarkable event in the life of Hatshepsut?

18. What other incentive, besides hearing the wisdom of Solomon, might Hatshepsut have had to visit Solomon?

19. Who may have been the bride in the song that was sung at Solomon’s wedding?

20. Where do Egyptian inscriptions refer to Punt being located?

162  

Q

Unwrapping the Pharaohs Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 6

Scope: Chapter 17-19

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. Why is Thutmosis III considered to be the greatest of all the pharaohs?

2. On the outside wall of Thutmosis III’s shrine is depicted loot he took. What record in the Bible does this event correspond with?

3. From what point did Thutmosis III date the years of his reign?

4. What did Thutmosis III do in his first year of sole reign?

5. Who does Velikovsky maintain Thutmosis III was a contemporary with?

6. Where in New York can one of Thutmosis III’s obelisks be found?

7. Why are the simple line drawings in the tomb of Thutmosis so valuable to archaeologists?

8. Who did Thutmosis III crown as the next pharaoh before his death?

9. What skills was Amenhotep II known for?

10. Who are the only two mummies that have been found in their original tomb?

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11. Where did the priests from the twenty-first dynasty bury most of the mummies they had gathered?

12. Where were the remaining mummies gathered by the twenty-first dynasty priests buried?

13. What beloved object was found beside the sarcophagus of Amenhotep II?

14. Why did thieves tear Amenhotep II’s mummy to shreds?

15. Who left a stela between the paws of the Sphinx?

16. What was the purpose of the stela?

17. What did he die of, presumably in his 20s?

18. What did Thutmosis IV rely on to maintain the status quo?

19. Where was the earliest Egyptian chariot ever found?

20. Where was the body of Thutmosis IV found?

164  

Q

Unwrapping the Pharaohs Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 7

Scope: Chapter 20-22

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. Why has the Colossi of Memnon, which stood at the entrance to the temple and palace complex of Amenhotep III at Luxor, survived the centuries?

2. How many wives did Amenhotep III have?

3. Name Amenhotep III’s favorite wife.

4. Who does the largest statue in the Cairo Museum depict?

5. Where did Amenhotep III reside for the first 20 years of his reign?

6. What surprising discovery did Stadelmann find when the ten feet of Nile mud was cleared away from the Colossi?

7. How many surviving statues are there of Amenhotep III?

8. What does “Nefertiti” mean?

9. What era is the most intriguing and controversial? Why?

10. Where did Akhenaten build his capital city and what was it called?

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11. What interesting feature of people is depicted in Amarna art?

12. Which of his daughters did Akhenaten marry?

13. What incentive did critics of the Bible have to insist Akhenaten practiced monotheism?

14. How does the revised dating refute the claim that King David copied his Psalm 104 from Akhenaten’s hymn honoring Aten?

15. What were the three layers of Tutankhamen’s tomb made from?

16. What was built in the lifetime of King Tutankhamen to link the Temple of Karnak with the vast temple of Mut?

17. How did the tomb of Tutankhamen escape the relentless tomb robbers that had decimated so many other tombs in the Valley of the Kings?

18. Why did Howard Carter go to Egypt?

19. What evidence refutes the idea of the curse of the pharaohs?

20. How long did it take Carter to remove every object from the tomb of Tutankhamen?

166  

Q

Unwrapping the Pharaohs Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 8

Scope: Chapter 23-25

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. What is inscribed on Hungry Rock?

2. Why is the Third Intermediate Period, Dynasties 21 to 25, called a dark age?

3. On what does James blame the most protracted and troublesome debates over history and biblical archaeology?

4. What dating method seems water-tight but is based on shaky assumptions?

5. Where would the conquest of Jerusalem be expected to be recorded on the reliefs by Shoshenq?

6. Does the evidence lead us to believe that the Third Intermediate Period existed as separate dynasties?

7. How are neighboring countries of Egypt placed in the chronology and how does that cause problems?

8. Where did Pierre Montet discover the beautiful golden death mask?

9. What was found in the bandages of mummies, relocated to protect them from grave robbers, that creates problems for traditional chronology?

10. What sleepy city sprawls along the bank of the Nile in the deep south of Egypt, and where did the granite for temples, statues, and obelisks come from?

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167

11. What did the prophet Jeremiah predict would happen to the pharaoh Hophra and what happened?

12. How do we know the chronology of 700 B.C. onward is correct?

13. What did the Egyptians often refer to the Nubians as?

14. Who was crowned king in 690 at Memphis?

15. Where was Taharka buried?

16. Who was the longest ruling pharaoh on record?

17. Whose archers shot and killed King Josiah according to the Bible?

18. Who was the last of the great pharaohs, reigning for nearly half a century?

19. Who wrote that there would come a time when there would no longer be princes from the land of Egypt and it would be the lowliest of kingdoms, never again to exalt itself above the nations? Did this prophecy come to pass?

20. Why did the great monuments and idols fall into ruins?

168  

Q

Unwrapping the Pharaohs Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 9

Scope: Chapter 26-29

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. What two sources are the most reliable when it comes to chronology calculations?

2. What theory is the Bible in direct conflict with?

3. How many years does the Bible’s chronology limit the origins of life to?

4. How do the strata layers indicate that one layer was suddenly deposited on the layer beneath, which would be expected in Noah’s Flood?

5. Who added a hundred years to most of the progenitors named in Genesis 5 and 11?

6. The King James Bible translation is based on the Hebrew Masoretic text. What translation of the Hebrew Old Testament is less reliable?

7. What does the Bible record about the origins of nations?

8. Who is considered to have been the father of the Egyptians?

9. What do we now know that Josephus did not know when he wrote that Abraham communicated to Egypt arithmetic and astronomy?

10. What did Gardiner write? Who should know more about the past than man? 

169

11. According to the biblical account of the Exodus, what became bogged down when the Egyptian army pursued the Israelites into the Red Sea?

12. How far back is there agreement between the history of Egypt and the biblical records?

13. What brings remarkable agreement between the records of Egypt and Israel?

14. How has the Egyptian record been preserved through time?

15. How have Old Testament writings been preserved through time?

16. What mechanisms did the Jewish scribes build into their customs to protect the Old Testament books from corruption or amendment?

17. Which pharaohs are mentioned by name in the Old Testament?

18. According to the shortened chronology, who is probably the daughter of Pharaoh Thutmosis I whom King Solomon married?

19. According to the shortened chronology, who is the pharaoh identified as the one who appointed Joseph over Egypt and who was Joseph possibly identified as?

20. Since many problems are resolved with a shortened chronology, what reasons might archaeologists have to cling to the traditional chronology?

170  

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs Concepts & Comprehension

Test

Scope: Chapters 1-29

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(2 Points Each Answer)

1. According to the biblical worldview, how long ago was Noah’s Flood?

2. Which of Noah’s sons did Egypt descend from?

3. Zoser would have lived around the time of which biblical figure?

4. Which pyramids were the first to assume the true pyramid shape?

5. How did Josephus claim the Egyptians came to know the arithmetic and science of astronomy that may have helped them achieve the mathematical accuracy found in Khufu’s pyramid?

6. What process did Moustafa use to reassemble the funerary boat found in 1954 south of Khufu’s pyramid?

7. Who is classified as the world’s first archaeologist?

8. Who are the most prominent Egyptian kings of the sixth dynasty and what were they known for?

9. What did early scholars choose to ignore?

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171

10. Significantly, what were the pyramids in the twelfth dynasty built from?

11. What are the three great high points in Egyptian history?

12. Who is the most likely contender for the princess who adopted Moses, and who was her father?

13. Who was probably the pharaoh of the Exodus?

14. What age matches the biblical records of Solomon’s reign?

15. Who is Queen Hatshepsut identified as in the Bible according to the revised chronology?

16. Why is Thutmosis III considered to be the greatest of all the pharaohs?

17. On the outside wall of Thutmosis III’s shrine is depicted loot he took. What record in the Bible does this event correspond with?

18. What beloved object was found beside the sarcophagus of Amenhotep II?

19. Why has the Colossi of Memnon, which stood at the entrance to the temple and palace complex of Amenhotep III at Luxor, survived the centuries?

20. Which era is the most intriguing and controversial? Why? 172  

21. How does the revised dating refute the claim that King David copied his Psalm 104 from Akhenaten’s hymn honoring Aten?

22. What is inscribed on Hungry Rock?

23. Why is the Third Intermediate Period, Dynasties 21 to 25, called a dark age?

24. What does James blame for the most protracted and troublesome debates over history and biblical archaeology?

25. What two sources are the most reliable when it comes to chronology calculations?

26. What theory is the Bible in direct conflict with?

27. How many years does the Bible’s chronology limit the origins of life to?

28. How do the strata layers indicate that one layer was suddenly deposited on the layer beneath, which would be expected in Noah’s Flood?

29. Who added a hundred years to most of the progenitors named in Genesis 5 and 11?

30. The King James Bible translation is based on the Hebrew Masoretic text. What translation of the Hebrew Old Testament is less reliable?

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173

31. What does the Bible record about the origins of nations?

32. Who is considered to have been the father of the Egyptians?

33. What do we now know that Josephus did not know when he wrote that Abraham communicated to Egypt arithmetic and astronomy?

34. What did Gardiner write? Who should know more about the past than man?

35. What brings remarkable agreement between the records of Egypt and Israel?

Short Answer:

(6 Points Each Answer)

36. How has the Egyptian record been preserved through time?

37. How have Old Testament writings been preserved through time?

38. What mechanisms did the Jewish scribes build into their customs to protect the Old Testament books from corruption or amendment?

39. Which pharaohs are mentioned by name in the Old Testament?

40. Since many problems are resolved with a shortened chronology, what reasons might archaeologists have to cling to the traditional chronology?

174  

Q

Unveiling the Kings of Israel Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 1

Scope: Chapters 1-4

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. What chronology reveals alarming inconsistencies?

2. When the chronology is revised, what do we find?

3. What would we expect to see signs of in between layers of strata that were supposedly laid down over long expanses of time that are not found?

4. Which great king of the Assyrian Empire built a library in his palace at Nineveh and amassed a huge collection of clay tablets?

5. Why do the worldwide accounts of Noah’s Flood vary in detail?

6. Where is the logical place the Tower of Babel should be found?

7. What people groups descended from the three sons of Noah — Shem, Ham, and Japheth?

8. Where is likely the earliest civilization of the world and who established it?

9. What does the passage quoted from Woolley’s book, The Sumerians, describe?

10. What did Josephus claim Abraham communicated to the Egyptians?

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175

11. How old was Abram when he departed from Haran?

12. Which pharaoh does the evidence point to who built a pyramid based on the knowledge Abram shared with Egypt?

13. What is the result of Sarah and Abraham taking matters into their own hands rather than trusting God to bring them a child?

14. What does the name Isaac mean?

15. What beautiful concept does the story of Abraham’s trip to sacrifice Isaac illustrate?

16. What events took place that resulted in the cuneiform tablets at Mari being preserved for so long?

17. How old was Isaac when Abraham sent his servant out to find Isaac a wife?

18. What does the archaeological evidence prove about domesticated camels? What cannot be ruled out?

19. About how long did the young woman at the well spend getting Eliezer’s camels water to drink?

20. Name the twins Rebekah gave birth to after 20 years of marriage to Isaac.

176  

Q

Unveiling the Kings of Israel Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 2

Scope: Chapters 5-8

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. Who were the descendants of Esau and Jacob?

2. What does Jacob’s ladder represent in the New Testament?

3. How did Jacob reap the deception he had sown?

4. What is one of the few authentic sites in Israel?

5. What is regarded as the third most sacred site in Israel by Jewish pilgrims? What does Scripture say about this site?

6. Who did the brothers sell Joseph to as a slave?

7. According to the revised dating, which pharaoh did Joseph serve under?

8. Which pharaoh was it likely God sent Moses to with a message to let the Israelites go?

9. What does the death of the Passover Lamb represent?

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177

10. What peculiar evidence is found in the Dynasty 13 era that points to an Asiatic group suddenly deserting Gurob?

11. Do we know the exact route the Israelites took in the desert?

12. Where does Paul place Mount Sinai?

13. What event condemned the Israelites to wandering the desert for 40 years?

14. When was Dr. Rudolph Cohen able to excavate the area of Kadesh Barnea?

15. How many sites dating to the Middle Bronze I period have been surveyed in the Central Negev?

16. What kind of wildlife was common in Canaan’s early history?

17. What name was given to the road between Petra and Amman and follows the same route to this day?

18. What did God send in response to the grumbling of the Israelites?

19. Why did Jesus use the symbol of a snake to represent Himself, referring back to the pole with the bronze snake on it that the Israelites had to look upon for healing?

20. Where did Moses die?

178  

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 3

Scope: Chapters 9-12

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. What happened when the priests with the ark of God stepped into the flood waters of the Jordan?

2. Describe the archaeological evidence found at Jericho that supports the biblical description.

3. Who were the most prominent Egyptian kings of the sixth dynasty and what were they known for?

4. Describe the traits of the Israelites that matched what was found at the archaeological site of Jericho when it was destroyed.

5. What should we do when the archaeology findings do not seem to fit the biblical record?

6. Why did the Israelites meet defeat the first time they attacked Ai?

7. Where does a long gap in occupation occur in the city of Ai, just as we would expect after the invasion of Ai by the Israelites?

8. Who studied acoustics to see if a human voice could be carried loud and far enough for two million people to hear what was being said without the aid of modern sound equipment, and what did he find?

9. What was found at Shiloh that puzzles archaeologists who hold to traditional dating but makes perfect sense according to the biblical record?

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179

10. What interesting feature did the “straw men” have?

11. Why did Eli fall off his stool, breaking his neck?

12. Why did the Philistines send the ark to Ekron?

13. Why did Samuel anoint Saul king?

14. What name was found on an ostracon that verifies it was a known name in Gath?

15. What Knesset member verified that the biblical account on the battle between David and Goliath is credible?

16. What was the key thing David did to repulse the Philistines?

17. What mistake was made by David and Uzzah in moving the ark?

18. What time period is clearly the time of David and Solomon according to the evidence?

19. What was found in Dan that infuriated minimalists who try to claim David never even existed?

20. How does the Bible describe David because of his repentant attitude and tenderness toward the Lord?

180  

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel Concepts & Comprehension

Quiz 4

Scope: Chapters 13-17

Total score: ____of 100

Name

Questions: (5 Points Each Answer) 1. What advice given by Moses did Solomon disregard?

2. What period of time should the reign of Solomon be placed in?

3. What was perhaps Solomon’s greatest achievement?

4. What prayer did Asa utter that prompted God to rescue him from Zerah the Ethiopian?

5. Who was the most evil king that followed in the line of Jeroboam and who was his evil wife?

6. Why do you suppose Elijah called for the halt of rain in the name of the Lord?

7. Did Ahab take responsibility for severe draught in the land?

8. What letters were found on a seal found by Nahman Avigad in 1964?

9. Who left a record of a religious revival in Nineveh during his reign in the time of Jonah?

10. Who became known as the Samaritans?

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181

11. What chronology closely matches that of Israel?

12. Which Israeli king was made to pay tribute to the Assyrian king, Shalmaneser?

13. What was found at the site of ancient Nineveh that recounts the invasion of Judah by Sennacherib that corroborates the biblical account?

14. How did God respond to the genuine prayer of Hezekiah when he was sick and on his death bed?

15. Who prophesied that Sennacherib would not be allowed into Jerusalem?

16. How long has Nineveh been buried and forgotten?

17. Who does tradition maintain that Manasseh had put in a hollow log and sawed in half?

18. What did God do when Manasseh repented?

19. What seemingly insignificant detail was recorded in the Bible that was verified in 1933 when George Weidner translated some cuneiform tablets found near the Ishtar Gate of Babylon?

20. Summarize the ages of the Middle Bronze Age II, Late Bronze Age, and Iron Age I according to the revised chronology.

182  

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel Concepts & Comprehension

Questions:

Quiz 5

Scope: Chapters 18-20

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(5 Points Each Answer)

1. Who issued the decree allowing the exiles in Babylon to return to their home countries?

2. Who did Cyrus say had given him all the kingdoms of the earth?

3. How many returned from exile?

4. How did Darius come to replace False Smerdis?

5. Where did Darius leave a record of his accession to the throne in three languages?

6. What great city was built by Darius?

7. Who succeeded Darius and who was he known as in the Bible?

8. Who was the queen who refused to come at Xerxes’ request?

9. Why did Haman endeavor to kill all of the Jews?

10. Who was hung on the gallows prepared by Haman for Mordecai?

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183

11. How did King Xerxes save the Jews from his decree even though it couldn’t be reversed?

12. What festival is celebrated to this day to celebrate the deliverance of the Jews from the evil intentions of Haman and when is it celebrated?

13. Why was the new temple considered to be more glorious than Solomon’s even though it was an inferior building?

14. Where are the first prophetic words found in the Bible concerning the coming of Jesus the Messiah?

15. King David was told that his throne would be established forever. How was this fulfilled?

16. What type of Messiah were the Jews expecting?

17. What member of the Sanhedrin snuck a visit to see Jesus but later boldly assisted in his burial?

18. What pool is among the few genuine sites from the life of Jesus?

19. Who anointed the feet of Jesus with expensive perfume and tears just prior to His death?

20. How will Jesus return?

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel Concepts & Comprehension

Test

Scope: Chapters 1-20

Total score: ____of 100

Name

(2 Points Each Answer)

1. What chronology reveals alarming inconsistencies?

2. When the chronology is revised, what do we find?

3. Why do the worldwide accounts of Noah’s Flood vary in detail?

4. Where is the logical place the Tower of Babel should be found?

5. What people groups descended from the three sons of Noah — Shem, Ham, and Japheth?

6. Where is likely the earliest civilization of the world and who established it?

7. What is the result of Sarah and Abraham taking matters into their own hands rather than trusting God to bring them a child?

8. What beautiful concept does the story of Abraham’s trip to sacrifice Isaac illustrate?

9. Who were the descendants of Esau and Jacob?

10. What does Jacob’s ladder represent in the New Testament?

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11. What is regarded as the third most sacred site in Israel by Jewish pilgrims? What does Scripture say about this site?

12. Where does Paul place Mount Sinai?

13. What event condemned the Israelites to wandering the desert for 40 years?

14. How many sites dating to the Middle Bronze I period have been surveyed in the Central Negev?

15. Why did Jesus use the symbol of a snake to represent Himself, referring back to the pole with the bronze snake on it that the Israelites had to look upon for healing?

16. Where did Moses die?

17. What happened when the priests with the ark of God stepped into the flood waters of the Jordan?

18. Describe the archaeological evidence found at Jericho that supports the biblical description.

19. What should we do when the archaeology findings do not seem to fit the biblical record?

20. Why did the Israelites meet defeat the first time they attacked Ai?

21. What was found at Shiloh that puzzles archaeologists who hold to traditional dating but makes perfect 186  

sense according to the biblical record?

22. What interesting feature did the “straw men” have?

23. Why did Eli fall off his stool, breaking his neck?

24. What was the key thing David did to repulse the Philistines?

25. What advice given by Moses did Solomon disregard?

26. What was perhaps Solomon’s greatest achievement?

27. What prayer did Asa utter that prompted God to rescue him from Zerah the Ethiopian?

28. Who was the most evil king that followed in the line of Jeroboam and who was his evil wife?

29. What chronology closely matches that of Israel?

30. How did God respond to the genuine prayer of Hezekiah when he was sick and on his death bed?

31. What did God do when Manasseh repented?

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32. Summarize the ages of the Middle Bronze Age II, Late Bronze Age, and Iron Age I according to the revised chronology.

33. Who did Cyrus say had given him all the kingdoms of the earth?

34. Who succeeded Darius and who was he known as in the Bible?

35. Who was the queen who refused to come at Xerxes’ request?

36. How did King Xerxes save the Jews from his decree even though it couldn’t be reversed?

Short Answer:

(6 Points Each Answer)

37. What festival is celebrated to this day to celebrate the deliverance of the Jews from the evil intentions of Haman and when is it celebrated?

38. Why was the new temple considered to be more glorious than Solomon’s even though it was an inferior building?

39. King David was told that his throne would be established forever. How was this fulfilled?

40. How will Jesus return?

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T

History & Archaeology of the Bible

Final Test

Scope: All 3 Books

Total score: ____of 100

Name

Questions: (5 Points Each Answer) 1. According to the biblical worldview, how long ago was Noah’s Flood?

2. Which of Noah’s sons did Egypt descend from?

3. How did Josephus claim the Egyptians came to know the arithmetic and science of astronomy that may have helped them achieve the mathematical accuracy found in Khufu’s pyramid?

4. Who is classified as the world’s first archaeologist?

5. What did early scholars choose to ignore?

6. What are the three great high points in Egyptian history?

7. Who was probably the pharaoh of the Exodus?

8. What era is the most intriguing and controversial? Why?

9. How many years does the Bible’s chronology limit the origins of life to?

10. What brings remarkable agreement between the records of Egypt and Israel?

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11. When the chronology is revised, what do we find?

12. What people groups descended from the three sons of Noah — Shem, Ham, and Japheth?

13. What beautiful concept does the story of Abraham’s trip to sacrifice Isaac illustrate?

14. What does Jacob’s ladder represent in the New Testament?

15. Why did Jesus use the symbol of a snake to represent Himself, referring back to the pole with the bronze snake on it that the Israelites had to look upon for healing?

16. What should we do when the archaeology findings do not seem to fit the biblical record?

17. What chronology closely matches that of Israel?

18. Summarize the ages of the Middle Bronze Age II, Late Bronze Age, and Iron Age I according to the revised chronology.

19. Why was the new temple considered to be more glorious than Solomon’s even though it was an inferior building?

20. How will Jesus return?

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Answer Keys

The Archaeology Book

Worksheet Answer Keys

Chapter 1 – What Archaeology is All About – Worksheet 1 accession year — the year a king actually began his reign AD — Anno Domini (the year of our lord); the years after the Christian era began Archaeology — study of beginnings Artifact — an item from antiquity found in an excavation BC — Before Christ; the years before the Christian era began carbon dating — calculating the amount of carbon left in organic material that has died ceramic — something made of pottery chronology — time periods; dates in which events happened debris — discarded rubbish EB — the Early Bronze Period exile — a people sent out of their home country to another country exodus — going out; applied to the Israelites leaving Egypt hieroglyphs — Egyptian picture writing LB — the Late Bronze Period MB — the Middle Bronze Period millennium — one thousand years non-accession year — the first complete year of a king’s reign pottery — a vessel made of clay fired in a kiln synchronism — something happening at the same time tell — a Hebrew word meaning “ruins;” applied to hills on which people once lived 1. A study about beginnings 2. Defense, heat, and floods 3. 600 B.C. 4. It helps them identify from which period the pottery comes. 5. Early Bronze, Middle Bronze, Late Bronze, Iron Age Chapter 2 – Land of Egypt – Worksheet 1 Asiatic — in Egyptian terms, someone from Syria or Palestine baulk — the vertical ridge left between two excavated squares in the ground dowry — gift given to a prospective bride at the time of her marriage drachma — a Greek coin worth about a day’s wages dynasty — a succession of kings descended from one another mastabas — mud-brick structures beneath which were tomb chambers Nubia — a country south of Egypt now called Sudan 

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Pharoah — title applied to many Egyptian kings 1. Misr 2. Zoser 3. Khufu 4. Hapi 5. Straw Chapter 3 – The Hittites – Worksheet 1 amphitheater — a circle of seats surrounding an area where gladiators fought each other or fought wild beasts Anatolia — mountainous area in central Turkey bathhouse — a club where citizens could bathe in cold, warm, or hot water inscription — writing made on clay, stone, papyrus, or animal skins 1. The Hittites 2. Hittites and Egyptians 3. Heth 4. Forty-six 5. William Wright Chapter 4 – Ur of the Chaldees – Worksheet 1 centurion — a military officer in charge of a hundred men Chaldees — people who used to live in southern Iraq nomad — a person who lived in a tent that could be moved from place to place papyrus — sheets of writing material made from the Egyptian papyrus plant 1. Four 2. Sir Leonard Woolley 3. He wanted to learn more about Ur before he excavated such an important site. 4. Sumerians 5. Evidence of human sacrifice Chapter 5 – Assyria – Worksheet 1 bulla — an impression made on clay with a seal (plural: bullae) Medes — people who used to live in northern Iran scarab — model of a dung beetle with an inscription engraved on it for sealing documents seal — an object made of stone, metal, or clay with a name engraved on it used to impress in soft clay 1. Henry Austin Layard 2. Nimrud 3. Jehu 194  

4. Hezekiah 5. Forty-six Chapter 6 – Babylon: City of Gold – Worksheet 1 Armenians — people who lived in eastern Turkey and northern Iraq cuneiform — a form of writing using a wedge-shaped stylus to make an impression on a clay tablet strata — a layer of occupation exposed by excavations syncline — a boat-shaped geological formation 1. The Gilgamesh Epic 2. Ashur-Bani-Pal 3. Asphalt 4. Nebuchadnezzar 5. Isaiah Chapter 7 – Persia – Worksheet 1 Persia — a country in central Iran rhyton — a drinking vessel shaped like a human or animal 1. Cyrus the Great 2. 539 B.C. 3. Darius the Great 4. Persepolis 5. Haman Chapter 8 – Petra – Worksheet 1 bedouin — Arabs living in tents with no fixed address cistern — a hole dug in rock to store rainwater Edom — country in southern Jordan Edomites — people descended from Edom, also known as Esau, Jacob’s brother Nabataeans — people descended from Nabaioth, who occupied Petra siq — narrow valley between two high rock formations theater — a stage for actors in front of which was a semi-circle of seats wadi — a dry riverbed, carrying water only when it rained 1. A.D. 1812 2. Esau’s 3. Edomites 4. Obadiah 5. Trajan 

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Chapter 9 – The Phoenicians – Worksheet 1 Baal — a word meaning “lord” and the name of a Phoenician god causeway — a built-up road Yehovah — a Hebrew name for God, usually spelled Jehovah, but there is no “J” in the Hebrew alphabet 1. Gebal, Berytus Sidon and Tyre 2. Cyprus 3. Ahiram 4. Elijah 5. Ezekiel Chapter 10 – The Dead Sea Scrolls – Worksheet 1 Scroll — papyrus or animal skin document rolled up into a cylinder vellum — animal skin treated to be used as writing material 1. 1947 2. 22 3. Vellum 4. Psalm 119 5. Qumran Chapter 11 – Israel – Worksheet 1 annunciation — an announcement Calvary — Latin word meaning “skull” Golgotha — Hebrew word meaning “skull” grotto — cave Messiah — meaning “Anointed One” and applied to an expected Jewish leader ossuary — a box in which human bones were preserved Passover — Jewish ceremony celebrating the Exodus from Egypt 1. Constantine 2. Yehovah saves 3. Jordan River 4. Capernaum 5. Skull

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Worksheet Answer Keys

Chapter 1 – Introduction, Pyramids and Mummies – Worksheet 1 1. about 6,000 years ago 2. about 4,300 years ago 3. Egypt 4. Mizraim 5. Mizraim 6. On the Rosetta Stone was written the same text in three scripts. The Greek version could be understood and this enabled the Egyptian hieroglyphs to be decoded. 7. because of attempts to make the findings fit the widely taught long-ages worldview model 8. by using historically confirmed dates in later Egyptian history and the years between events recorded in the Bible 9. the relics of Egypt and the books of the Bible 10. King Khufu, whose Greek name was Cheops 11. probably Menes, whom some scholars identify with Narmer 12. Monuments which kings were buried in, made of sun-dried bricks which were partially or wholly buried, meaning “bench” 13. stone coffins 14. by the 18th Dynasty 15. in the Natrun Valley north of Cairo 16. mummiya which means bitumen 17. Herodotus, in the fifth century B.C., The Histories 18. Genesis 50:2-3, Joseph’s father — Jacob. Answers may vary: he may have been embalmed to allow time for Joseph to take the body back to Canaan for burial after the period of mourning was completed in Egypt. 19. Most have been destroyed; popularly used in medicines, fertilizers, and firewood in steam trains. 20. It is not true. God created people according to the Genesis account of creation. Chapter 2 – The Step Pyramid – Worksheet 1 1. Instead of small brick mastabas, there was a huge mountain of stone beneath which was a maze of passages and a tomb chamber. 2. etjerykhet (Zoser or Djoser), Imhotep 3. Terah, the father of Abraham 4. Iraq 5. the column, the arch, the vault, and the dome; that is, all the basic forms of architecture 6. architecture, mathematics, and astronomy 7. almost identical burial customs of both areas 8. Sir Leonard Woolley 

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9. life in the hereafter would continue as it had been in this life, and that death was merely a transition from this world to the next 10. pure white limestone originally from the Tura Quarry near modern Cairo Chapter 3 – The Lost Pyramid – Worksheet 1 1. Zakaria Goneim 2. Saqqara in 1937 3. Unas 4. Serapeum, the galleries of tombs of the “Apis Bulls” which were situated to the northwest of Zoser’s step pyramid at Saqqara 5. an outcrop of rubble masonry barely protruding from the surface of the sand 6. it was built on lower ground than the Step Pyramid; otherwise the builder would have built it on higher ground 7. They found a fragment of a boundary stela with the name “Zoser” on it. 8. New Year’s Day, 1952 9. history; digging up the past and knowledge 10. He found some burials above it that dated to the 19th Dynasty 11. They were not fully hollowed out as they would have been had they been used domestically. 12. Sekhem-Khet 13. alabaster 14. 500 pounds 15. It was empty. Chapter 4 – Seneferu, The World’s Greatest Pyramid Builder – Worksheet 1 1. the Red Pyramid of Dahshur 2. Seneferu 3. the three pyramids of Seneferu 4. The outer stones had suddenly collapsed in a thunderous roar before the pyramid was completely built. 5. that at least at that time this pyramid was regarded as belonging to Seneferu, and it proves that the rubble could not have covered the chapel at that time 6. He found some burials from the 22nd Dynasty in the rubble 33 feet above the funerary temple, so the rubble must have been there then. 7. Nefermaat and his wife, Itet 8. Rahoteb and his wife, Nofret 9. Halfway up the angle was changed to 43 degrees. 10. Answers may vary, but should include logical reasons for the explanation of why the builders of the Bent pyramid changed the angle about halfway up. 11. Answers may vary, but logical and creative arguments should be given as to why or why not the lower half of the Bent pyramid was constructed in two years. 198  

12. The reddish construction stone glows in the setting sun. Chapter 5 – Khufu Built the Big One – Worksheet 1 1. through Abraham when he went to Egypt to escape the famine 2. Cheops 3. Horodotus arrived on the scene many centuries after Khufu’s pyramid was built and relied on what the local priests told him, which may or may not have been accurate. 4. the value of pi 5. They show us that the builders were not primitive cavemen, but rather were highly intelligent and cultured people. This is what we would expect in the 4th Dynasty, since God created people from the beginning as highly intelligent beings. 6. Khufu’s nephew, Hemiunu 7. a Turkish governor called Mamun 8. huge blocks of shining white Tura limestone brought from the Maqqaram Quarry 9. Khufu’s queens, Meritites and Henutsen, with the third one possibly belonging to Khufu’s mother, Hetepheres 10. He first studied all of the known tomb paintings and reliefs for clues as to the nature of early boats, and then made scale models 1:10 of every item taken out of the pit. He then experimented with assembling the model ship until he was satisfied that he was following the original plan. Only then did he try assembling the actual boat. Chapter 6 – The Pyramid of Khafre – Worksheet 1 1. Djedefre 2. Djedefre 3. Khafre’s pyramid is only slightly smaller but stands on higher ground, making it appear larger. It was faced with beautiful Tura limestone, just like Khufu’s pyramid. The tomb plan is completely different. It is also has a slightly sharper angle than Khufu’s, requiring fewer blocks. 4. the tomb and sarcophagus of Sethi I, father of Rameses the Great 5. the bones of a bull 6. burial places for unknown bodies that were interred after the Sphinx was built 7. The many tourists now visiting Egypt requires such a vast number of tradesmen and tourist industry employees to care for them that the ground is being saturated with the pollutants of commerce and transport, which are absorbed into the limestone. 8. Two huge blocks of stone suddenly broke off the right shoulder of the Sphinx and crashed to the ground in a cloud of dust in front of them. 9. Answers will vary, but should be backed up with logical and factual reasoning. Speculations may include discussions of Napoleon, Colonel Vyse, and Giovanni Caviglia. 10. He found the granite “dream” stela of Thutmose IV between the legs of the Sphinx. He also found some pieces of the Sphinx’s beard.

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Chapter 7 – The Pyramid of Menkaure – Worksheet 1 1. It sank on a ship near the straights of Gibraltar and is now on the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. 2. Menkaure 3. It was only one-quarter the size but it had a more complex system of tombs and passages. It was not completely faced with limestone. The lower sixteen layers were faced with blocks of red granite brought from Aswan. 4. Khamerernebty 5. in the Boston Museum 6. Menkaure’s queens 7. Abd al-Latif described the nose of the Sphinx in the 12th century A.D., so it must have been there at that time. 8. Shepseskaf 9. in a mastabe in Saqqara 10. It was an enormous mastaba faced with white Tura limestone, except for the lowest course, which was of red granite. Beneath the mastaba was a stone arched burial chamber not unlike Menkaure’s. Chapter 8 – The Shoddy Pyramids – Worksheet 1 1. Userkaf 2. shiny white limestone blocks 3. Sahure 4. construction scenes which shows one of the work gangs pulling the ropes by which huge rocks were moved and the fitting of the pyramidion to the apex of the pyramid. Another block shows women dancing at the time of the fitting. 5. two 6. Answers may vary, but should be based on logical reasons and may include references to famine or gold mine laborers who needed to be thin. 7. Iufaa was an Egyptian priest and palace administrator. His tomb shaft was discovered, along with his sarcophagus, furniture, food, and models. 8. Unas 9. Khaemwaset, who was a son of Rameses II 10. Writing is found on the walls of his tomb chamber and passages. He was the first pharaoh to introduce writing into his pyramid. Chapter 9 – More Shoddy Pyramids – Worksheet 1 1. some striking mastabas, remarkably well preserved and reliefs on the walls 2. Teti, also known as Othoes 3. Among the tombs of Teti’s bodyguards, there is a relief of an occupant showing that his nose and feet had been cut off. 4. erased the names of the bodyguards by meticulously chiseling them out 5. They believed whatever was shown on the tomb walls would all be animated in the afterlife for their 200  

enjoyment. 6. Pepi I was known for his remarkable life-size statue made of copper and two smaller copper statues. Pepi II was reportedly the longest-ruling pharaoh. He was on the throne for 92 years. 7. Nitocris, the first female pharaoh. She was braver than all men of her time, the most beautiful of the women, fair-skinned with red cheeks. She was the wife and sister of King Metesouphis II, who was savagely murdered by his subjects soon after ascending the throne. Nitocrus avenged the death of her beloved husband-brother by organizing a feast and drowning the guests. She then committed suicide to escape the vengeance of the Egyptian people. 8. that Egypt was in a state of anarchy with dozens of kings following each other in quick succession with the economy in shambles 9. Intef I founded the 11th Dynasty and it ended with Mentuhotep III. 10. The dates of the earlier dynasties would have to be reduced. Chapter 10 – How Do We Know What Happened? – Worksheet 1 1. The source material is often scanty and erroneous. Many dynasties are now known to have been contemporary with each other. 2. First, there are the writings of ancient historians which include Herodotus, Manetho, Josephus, and the Hebrew Bible. Second are the inscriptions carved into temple walls, statues, and artifacts. Third, there are the hundreds of papyrus documents that have come to light. Unfortunately, they don’t. 3. It only tells us the minimum number of years he reigned. It does not tell us how long he reigned. Moreover, that tenth year may have been from when he was crowned as a co-regent. He may not have come to the throne until many years later when his father died. 4. to immortalize their deeds, not to record history — it was only natural for them to inflate their victories to glorify their names 5. No, he was a good reporter but recorded what he heard for his reader’s information. 6. They do not exist. They have been long since lost. The only source we have for what he wrote are the statements he made that have been quoted by subsequent historians. 7. Josephus, the Jewish historian in the first century A.D. and Bishop Eusebius in the fourth century A.D. 8. Eusabius’ statement that “several Egyptian kings ruled at the same time. . . . It was not a succession of kings occupying the throne one after the other, but several kings reigning at the same time in different regions.” 9. The Hittites have no chronology of their own. Their dates are entirely dependent on synchronisms with Egypt. When Akhenaten came to the throne, the Hittite king Supiluliumas sent him a letter of congratulations. From this we can conclude that Supiluliumas reigned at the same time as Akhenaten. So if we have the correct dates for Egyptian history we have the correct dates for Hittite history. 10. The dates of Egyptian history need to be reduced and that will automatically reduce the dates of Hittite history, which will make them consistent with the Assyrian and Hebrew records. Chapter 11 – The Glorious Middle Kingdom – Worksheet 1 1. Joseph, Israelite slavery, Moses, and the Exodus 2. mud bricks laced with straw as intimated in Exodus 5:7 3. “Hungry Rock” on the Island of Sehel near Aswan in southern Egypt 4. Amenemhet I, also known as Wehemmesut 

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5. Sesostris I of Dynasty 12 6. The first was the Old Kingdom, which saw the creation of the great pyramids of Giza, the second was the Middle Kingdom with Dynasty 12 at its center, and the third was the New Kingdom, commencing with Dynasty 18. 7. Usertasen, Senwosret, Kheperkere 8. 35 9. the biblical Joseph 10. It is below the water level and is filled with water. 11. Amenemhet II and Sesostris II 12. A large number of the inhabitants of the city were from Palestine or Syria, and should be identified with the Israelite slaves that descended from Jacob. 13. Princess Sithathoriunet 14. the Metropolitan Museum in New York Chapter 12 –Pharaohs of the Oppression – Worksheet 1 1. the 12th Dynasty 2. Amenemhet III 3. Senwosret III (possibly spelled differently by other scholars) which means “man of power” 4. “Besides the ever-present protruding ears, the older portrayals show deep vertical creases above the roots of the nose, greatly accentuated pouches under the eyes, pronounced lines from the inner corners of the eyes, and dramatically down-turned mouths.” 5. Sobekneferu, the daughter of Amenemhet III 6. Sobekneferu 7. Dahsur and Hawarra in the Faiyyum 8. Amenemhet 9. 3,000 rooms, half are underground and half are directly above them 10. Sobekneferu Chapter 13 – The Mysterious Hyksos – Worksheet 1 1. Khasekemre-Neferhotep 2. Kahun 3. because they are frequently inscribed with the names of current rulers 4. magician’s rods in the form of a serpent, cobra 5. Boxes were found containing the skeletons of babies up to three months old, sometimes three in a box. They were probably the bones of the Israelite babies who were killed on Pharaoh’s orders. 6. Tools and other possessions were abandoned. The quantity, range, and type of articles of everyday use were left behind in the houses. 7. A papyrus, which came from Memphis, written by a scribe called Ipuwer. It was acquired by the Leiden Museum in Holland in 1828. 202  

8. The Egyptian army was at the bottom of the Red Sea and the Egyptian people were reeling from the shattering effects of the ten terrible plagues. 9. no 10. According the Bible’s account of the Exodus, the firstborn son died in the last plague, including Pharaoh’s son. Wahnerferhotep probably died in the plague, leaving Neferhotep’s brother to assume the throne. Chapter 14 – Egypt Liberated – Worksheet 1 1. on the west bank of the Nile River at Luxor 2. The Hyksos king Apophis accused his subject Egyptian king in the south, Seqenenre, of digging a canal, causing the hippopotami in the canal to grunt and keep the Hyksos king awake at night. It was just too much for Seqenenre and he launched the war. 3. the Hyksos 4. two savage gashes in his forehead, presumably by blows inflicted by a battle axe 5. a stela of Seqenenre’s son, Kamose — it told of the attack on the Hyksos capital of Avaris 6. the Amelekites 7. God would utterly blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven. 8. Saul 9. Ahmosis 10. abandon the pyramid system of burial and had his tomb chiseled out of the Valley of the Kings at Luxor Chapter 15 – A New Day Dawns in Egypt – Worksheet 1 1. Gezer 2. Thutmosis I 3. He was highly ambitious and early turned his eyes on foreign conquest. 4. The Egyptians were astonished that the River Euphrates flowed north to south because the Nile flows south to north. 5. Hatshepsut 6. because they place the period in the wrong age, the Iron Age I 7. Middle Bronze Age II, a period of affluence and power 8. Gezer was right in the pharaoh’s path of his advance into Syria. Solomon had not been able to bring this well-defended city to heel, but Pharaoh’s army made short work of the Canaanites and handed over the city to Solomon who was no doubt well pleased with the gift. 9. pottery belonging to the Canaanite period 10. Thutmosis I 11. the pharaohs of Dynasty 18, with Thutmosis I being the first 12. one — Tutankhamen’s Chapter 16 – Hatshepsut, The Female Pharaoh – Worksheet 1 1. Queen Sheba who came to hear the wisdom of Solomon 

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2. Thutmosis III, because he was only 12 years old 3. yes, they seemed to be — two of them wrote positive things about her 4. Hatshepsut’s 5. her expedition to the land of Punt 6. on the walls of the magnificent temple she built at Deir el Bahri on the west bank of the River Nile at Luxor 7. to see her sister, Neferbity, who may have been married to Solomon according to revised chronology 8. Neferbity 9. Palestine 10. Senenmut Chapter 17 – The Greatest of all the Pharaohs – Worksheet 1 1. He conducted 17 military campaigns abroad and established governors and military units in the conquered lands, transforming Egypt from a powerful nation into a vast empire. Tribute flowed into Egypt, enabling later pharaohs to build magnificent temples and construct expensive tombs. 2. Shishak, who looted the temple of Jerusalem according to I Kings 14:25. The items correspond to the treasures listed in the Bible as being in Solomon’s temple. 3. at the death of his father, when he was crowned king 4. He marched northward at the head of his army. 5. as “the capturing of a thousand towns” 6. Solomon’s son, Rehoboam 7. His mummy shows him to have been rather diminutive for the mighty warrior he must been, only about 5’8” in height. 8. Central Park 9. Answers may vary, but should be logical. 10. They show how artists went about their work. Chapter 18 – The Mighty Archer – Worksheet 1 1. his oldest son, Amenhotep II 2. bow and arrow and racing his war chariot 3. The word for “Ethiopian” is “Kush,” meaning southern Egypt, or the Sudan. At this time there was no Kushite who could have raised an army of a million men, but the 18th Dynasty had their main center at Luxor in southern Egypt, and the chronicler might well have called him a Kushite. It could well have been Amenhotep II who beat a hasty retreat from Maresha. 4. Tutankhamen and Amenhotep II 5. the tomb of Pinudjem, over the hill from Hatshepsut’s temple 6. 1881 7. dried fish 8. in the tomb of Amenhotep II 204  

9. Amenhotep’s bow 10. probably to find any valuables which may have been wrapped in the bandages Chapter 19 – The Pharaoh and the Sphinx – Worksheet 1 1. Thutmosis IV of Dynasty 18 2. to show that Thurmosis IV was pharaoh by divine appointment 3. some sort of wasting disease 4. remove the sand that was stifling the Sphinx 5. political diplomacy 6. the sun disc Aten 7. emaciated 8. the tomb of Thutmosis IV in a remote valley near the Valley of the Kings 9. in the tomb of Thutmosis IV 10. in the tomb of his father, Amenhotep II, and was one of the nine mummies that had been collected by the priests of Dynasty 21 and reburied for safe keeping Chapter 20 – Amenhotep the Magnificent – Worksheet 1 1. because it was made of individual stones which were of little value to subsequent builders 2. a thousand 3. Tiye 4. Amenhotep III and his wife Tiye 5. Amenhotep III 6. Memphis, in the north 7. It stood on a foundation of sand. In fact, the whole temple appears to have been built on sand. 8. It had been thought that the destruction of the temple may have been brought about by an earthquake, but it is now thought that the annual flooding of the Nile may have been the cause, washing away the sand and causing walls and pylons to buckle and collapse. 9. more than one thousand 10. Blood poisoning. His mummy reveals his teeth as being very prominent and the doctors say that his gum abscesses probably caused his death. Chapter 21 – Akhenaten, and Nefertiti the Beautiful – Worksheet 1 1. The beautiful one has come. 2. The Armana Period. Akhenaten instituted a new religion. 3. halfway between Luxor and Memphis, called Akhetaten 4. six 5. Artists depicted right and left hands and feet on royalty, although other citizens continued to have the traditional two left hands and feet. 6. Meritaton and Ankhesenpaten 

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7. to try to prove that Akhenaten was the first to originate the concept of monotheism 8. The revised chronology puts Akhenaten after David, which means if anyone copied, it was Akhenaten who copied David. 9. The Germans downplayed their findings of their excavations at Tel el Amarna to the head of the Egyptian Antiquities Service, allowing them to be shipped out of the country as “baskets of clay shards and many limestone fragments.” 10. Answers may vary, but should be logical, using the information stated about Nefertiti. Chapter 22 – The Boy King Tutankhamen – Worksheet 1 1. The two outer layers were wood gilded with gold leaf. The inner coffin was made of solid gold. 2. Ankhesenpaten (who changed her name to Ankhesenamun), who was Akhenaten’s surviving daughter (and also Akhenaten’s wife) 3. an avenue of sphinxes 4. The workmen, cutting into the cliff face to make the tomb of Rameses VI in the 20th Dynasty, selected a site just above Tutankhamen’s tomb and dumped all the stone chips from the tomb of Rameses VI onto Tutankhamen’s tomb, effectively burying it out of sight. 5. Primarily because of his artistic ability. There was need of accurate drawings to preserve information about tombs and temples that were excavated. 6. Carter knew that there was one pharaoh whose tomb had not been discovered, Tutankhamen. When the permit to excavate was relinquished by Theodore Davis because he believed there were no more tombs to be found, Carter applied for the permit. He was sponsored financially by Lord Carnarvon. 7. Howard Carter, who excavated the Tutankhamen’s tomb, lived to a ripe old age. 8. ten years 9. four 10. 242 lbs. Chapter 23 – Transition to a New Dynasty – Worksheet 1 1. to request the king give her one of his sons to marry and rule as pharaoh over Egypt 2. Eye seized the throne and assassinated the Hittite prince and possibly made Ankhesenamen part of his harem. 3. Archaeologists removed them from Harmheb’s pylon to reconstruct Akhenaten’s temple. 4. his vizier who became known as Rameses I 5. In 1861 an unknown traveler bought a mummy from grave robbers in Egypt and took it back to Canada where it was put on display in the Niagara Falls Museum. The museum went broke and sold the entire Egyptian collection to the Atlanta University Museum in the United States. The American museum returned the mummy to Egypt. 6. a great warrior king 7. The temple is off the beaten path and the roof is still is place, protecting the five inner shrines from the sun. 8. a king list beginning with Menes 9. It was a masterpiece of embalming. It was the best-preserved and most lifelike of any of the royal 206  

mummies. He seems to be peacefully sleeping. Chapter 24 – Rameses the Great– Worksheet 1 1. He fathered 50 sons and probably a similar number of daughters, he was one of the longest ruling pharaohs — 67 years — and was Egypt’s most prodigious builder of temples and statues. 2. 39 feet high and it weighed about 80 tons 3. just to the northeast of the pyramid of Menkaure at Giza 4. Rameses had been lucky to escape with his life. The two sides signed a non-aggression pact. 5. Memphis, Abydos, Luxor, and Abu Simbel 6. dozens 7. Nefertari was usually depicted on a small scale standing beside her husband’s knees. Her tomb in the Valley of the Queens is one of the most exquisite in the land of Egypt. 8. Richard Burton first found it but thought it was a simple underground vault. In the late 1970s, Kent Weeks started to map the archaeological features of Luxor, particularly those on the west bank. In the course of the project he endeavored to record the precise location of every temple, tomb, statue, and palace. He turned his attention to the Valley of the Kings about the same time the visitor center was demolished, where the entrance of tomb number KV5 was located but lost. Workmen had to dig a series of holes down to bedrock, and in 1987 the entrance was found. Electric light enabled Weeks to explore the tomb more thoroughly than Burton ever did. He found a total of 48 doors, which were the mortuary chapels for each of Rameses’ sons, and the burial chambers were in the story below them. 9. when Joseph was storing grain in preparation for the seven-year famine 10. twelve Chapter 25 – The Dynasty of Rameses – Worksheet 1 1. Reliefs on the walls of Persepolis depict Persians with headdresses strikingly similar to the captives depicted on the wall of Rameses III at Medinet Habu. The “Peleset,” as they were called, should be identified with the Persians, not the Philistines. 2. Because the stela has the word “Israel” written on it. It is the only place Israel is mentioned by name in ancient Egyptian inscriptions. 3. Merneptah would have bragged about and possibly embellished the battle. 4. the king of Assyria 5. It was built by Rameses III much later than usually thought. 6. They are guesses. 7. The Assyrians records of the 9th and 8th centuries describe all-out war against the Hittites, and the biblical record has them alive and well in the 9th century. (Remember that the dating method of B.C. etc. labels the 13th century prior to the 9th and 8th centuries.) 8. Greek letters were on their back sides. The Greek alphabet was not invented until the 8th century B.C. 9. the Greeks 10. Rameses VI, known also as Nactenebo II whose tomb is above Tutankhamen’s. Chapter 26 – The Intermediate Period – Worksheet 1 

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1. an inscription recording a seven-year famine 2. because we are so much in the dark over what happened in this period 3. a misplaced faith in the immutability of the established framework 4. the theory of Sothic dating 5. at the beginning 6. no 7. Their chronology is based in the Egyptian chronology. If the Egyptian chronology is wrong, then their chronology is wrong, too. 8. in the tomb of Psusennes of Dynasty 21 at Tanis in the Delta 9. writing on the bandages that disclose their date 10. Aswan Chapter 27 – The Glory Departs – Worksheet 1 1. God would give him into the hands of his enemies. He was assassinated. 2. Synchronisms between Egypt, Israel, and Assyria confirm the dates. 3. wretched Kush 4. the Nubian monarch Taharka 5. in the pyramid he had built for himself in Kush 6. Psamtik 7. Necho, king of Egypt 8. Amasis 9. Ezekiel, yes 10. Egyptians readily accepted Christianity, but when Islam came to Egypt, most became Muslims. Both Christians and Muslims are hostile to idolatry. Chapter 28 – A Correct Chronology – Worksheet 1 1. the biblical and Assyrian chronology 2. the theory of evolution 3. less than 6,000 4. Most of the strata are sharply defined. 5. Either the Hebrew scribes reduced the number of years or the Greek scribes inserted the extra centuries. It is probably the Greeks inserted the years since they believed in an older earth. 6. the Septuagint, abbreviated as the LXX 7. Shem’s descendants occupied the Middle East, Ham’s descendants headed for Africa, and Japheth’s descendants spread in all directions. 8. one of Ham’s sons, Mizraim 9. He could not have known what we now know about Ur, that it was the world’s first civilization with a remarkable knowledge of astronomy and arithmetic and they were the first to invent writing. When Khufu built his pyramid there was a burst of astronomical and mathematical knowledge. 208  

10. Gardiner despairingly wrote, “Our materials for the reconstruction of a coherent picture are hopelessly inadequate.” God should know more about the past than finite man. Chapter 29 – The Pharaohs of the Bible – Worksheet 1 1. the Egyptian chariots 2. to about 700 B.C. 3. a reduced chronology of Egypt 4. it was preserved in stone or hidden away in secret chambers 5. by the Hebrew tradition for meticulous accuracy in preserving the Scriptures 6. In some instances, they counted every verse, every word, and even every letter in every book. They also had practices such as recording the word that was in the exact middle of the book so that later copyists could count both ways and be sure they had not left out even a single letter. 7. Hophra, Necho, and Taharka 8. the sister of the Queen of Sheba (Hatshepsut), Neferbity 9. Pharaoh Sesostris I, Sesostirs’ vizier or prime minister-Mentuhotep 10. Answers may vary, but should be thoughtful and include the belief in an old earth/evolution.

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Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Worksheet Answer Keys

Chapter 1 – Mankind’s Ancestors – Worksheet 1 1. the traditional chronology 2. The historical records of Egypt and Israel show a remarkable consistency with the Bible records, which we can accept as not only inspiring but also entirely reliable. 3. box 4. signs of erosion 5. suddenly/quickly 6. no; the fossils are not found in the expected order to support the theory of evolution 7. God’s promise that He would never flood the entire world again 8. Ashurbanipal 9. Epic of Gilgamesh 10. They have been distorted by time and retelling. Chapter 2 – Abraham Came from Ur – Worksheet 1 1. Babylon 2. Shem — the Semitic nations: Hebrews, Arabs, Assyrians, Elamites, and Syrians Ham — Canaanites, Egyptians, and Africans Japheth — the nations of the rest of the world 3. Ur in southern Iraq, established by the Sumerians 4. Ur of the Chaldees 5. four small clay barrels covered with mysterious cuneiform characters 6. They were highly intelligent and well-educated. Their arts were well developed and they traded with countries far removed from them. 7. They were of remarkable good quality. The rich possessed well-built double-story homes that were built around an inner court. Many had a drainage system that is superior to the systems in Iraqi homes today. 8. The process the Sumerians used to educate people is described. 9. in Haran 10. arithmetic and the science of astronomy Chapter 3 – Abraham in Canaan – Worksheet 1 1. seventy-five 2. There was a famine in the Negev. 3. sixty-five 4. Khufu 5. more than 1,000 6. ninety-nine 210  

7. Ishmael was born to Hagar. Ishmael is the progenitor of the Arab nations with whom Israel is in a perpetual state of friction. 8. he laughs 9. Salvation — God Himself would provide His Son as a sacrifice for a lost world. 10. silver Chapter 4 – Isaac and Rebekah – Worksheet 1 1. Now known as Tel Hariri, Mari was an important city on the west bank of the Euphrates River near the Syria-Iraq border. 2. Hammurabi of Babylon conquered Mari, and when it rebelled against him two years later he systematically pillaged and burned the palace, effectively burying the precious tablets. 3. Jack Sasson 4. He was anxious about where his daughter would live. He did not want her to lose her identity in the harem with all of the other wives. 5. forty 6. They were domesticated by the Bronze Age. It cannot be ruled out that they were domesticated before the Bronze Age. 7. about two hours of hard work 8. precious ornaments and clothing 9. Esau and Jacob 10. in the Cave of the Patriarchs in Israel, Hebron Chapter 5 – Jacob and Esau – Worksheet 1 1. Esau — the Edomites, Jacob — the Israelites 2. Jacob 3. Jesus Christ — by His death on the cross He spanned the gulf between God and a guilty world. 4. Laban substituted Leah for Rachel, requiring Jacob to work another seven years for Laban in order to marry Rachel. 5. He had twelve sons who became the progenitors of the twelve tribes of Israel. 6. God changed Jacob’s name to Israel. Why? Answers will vary but should be thoughtful. 7. Jacob’s Well 8. A tomb on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem, considered to be Rachel’s burial place. The site cannot be Rachel’s burial place since 1 Samual 10:2 says it was in the territory of Benjamin, which was north of Jerusalem rather than south where the traditional tomb is. 9. Herod the Great 10. in the family tomb in the Cave of the Patriarchs in Israel, Hebron Chapter 6 – Joseph to Moses – Worksheet 1 1. Joseph 2. to a group of Midianite traders 

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3. Potiphar 4. two years 5. vizier 6. Sesostris I of the 12th Dynasty 7. 22 years 8. Neferhotep I 9. The death of Christ on the Cross. He became our Passover lamb. 10. tools and other possessions were abandoned in shops and homes Chapter 7 – Crossing Sinai Peninsula – Worksheet 1 1. No. The names of the locations cannot be positively identified. 2. The minimum depth of the sandbar is one-half mile. Pharaoh’s army would have had to cross the 186 miles of the Sinai Desert with food and water. 3. in Arabia 4. Kadesh Barnea 5. They believed the report from the spies who said they could not take the land, wept, and desired to return to Egypt. 6. when Israel was in possession of the Sinai Peninsula following the Six Day War in 1967 7. hundreds 8. in the early Bronze Age 9. God instructed that they should not be rebuilt. 10. Rudolph Cohen Chapter 8 – Invasion Begins – Worksheet 1 1. monstrous rhinoceroses, hippopotami, elephants, and cave oxen 2. no 3. yes 4. If this was the time of the wilderness wandering in the Negev they would not need cisterns to collect the meager rainfall. God provided water for the Israelites. 5. King’s Highway 6. venomous snakes 7. The snake is associated with Satan and sin. Jesus became sin and paid the price for our sin. See Corinthians 5:21. 8. The people began to worship it and burn incense to it. 9. a donkey 10. on the top of Mount Nebo

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Chapter 9 – Crossing the Jordan – Worksheet 1 1. “The waters which came down from the upstream stood still, and rose in a heap very far away at Adam . . . and the people crossed over opposite Jericho” (Josh. 3:16). 2. Answers may vary but should include descriptions of the walls having fallen down, homes burnt to the ground, and life in full activity at the moment of destruction. 3. Jericho 4. When the evidence of the destruction at Jericho is ascribed to the Early Bronze Age, the evidence lines up perfectly with the biblical account. 5. They believed whatever was shown on the tomb walls would all be animated in the afterlife for their enjoyment. 6. He was 85 and was dedicated to God and His Word. 7. Answers may vary, but should include that they were nomads, had unique burial customs that matched other places where the Israelites had been, they were a loose confederation of tribes, etc. 8. no 9. The dates assigned to the archaeological strata are based on Egyptian history and some scholars believe these dates should be drastically reduced. 10. Answer may vary, but should include the thought that we need to investigate our findings and look for errors in dating and continue to look for clues that may be missing. Chapter 10 – Joshua to Judges – Worksheet 1 1. due to the misconduct (sin) of Achan 2. following the Early Bronze Age 3. B. Cobby Crisler. He found it could be done. 4. that Joshua “burned Hazor with fire” (Josh. 11:10) 5. On the side of a hill on which the Shiloh was built is a platform that has been cut out of the rock, measuring 85 feet wide and it runs from east to west. 6. the total lack of houses in the Middle Bronze Age settlement 7. 35 8. Jael, Heber’s wife, of the Kenites 9. six fingers and six toes 10. sharp flint stones Chapter 11 – Samuel and Saul – Worksheet 1 1. perhaps 2 or 3 years old, after he was weaned 2. due to the shock from the news that the ark of the covenant was captured 3. because their deity, Dagon, repeatedly fell 4. because God instructed him to after the people began clamoring for a king in order to be like the other nations 5. “To obey is better than sacrifice . . .” (1 Sam. 15:22) 6. David 

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7. Tel es Safar 8. Goliath 9. Rechavam Ze’evy 10. It is near Mount Gilboa. It was a major city in Israel and sat astride a very prominent hill in the Jordan Valley. The Philistines fastened Saul’s body to the wall there. Chapter 12 – David as King – Worksheet 1 1. the Psalms 2. Joab 3. He inquired of the Lord. 4. They failed to study the Scriptures to see how the ark should be moved. 5. the Middle Bronze Age 6. a slab of stone ascribed to no later than the third quarter of the 8th century B.C. that indicates David was known at that time 7. He committed adultery with Bathsheba and had her husband killed. 8. a man after God’s own heart 9. Absalom 10. nearly half Chapter 13 – Glories of Solomon – Worksheet 1 1. Neferbiti; her father was Pharaoh Thutmosis I, her sister was Queen Hatshepsut 2. King David, King Solomon. David’s song is found in Psalm 45, Solomon’s song is found in the Song of Songs (the Song of Solomon) 3. to forget her own people and her father’s house 4. A king should not have multiple horses or wives for himself, lest his heart turn away. 5. Middle Bronze II period 6. the building of the magnificent temple in Jerusalem 7. by the information given in I Kings 6:1 8. “God’s Land” 9. proverbs — 3,000, songs — 1,005 10. “Remember now your Creator in the days of your youth. . . . Fear God and keep His commandments, for this is man’s all” (Eccles. 12:1-13). Chapter 14 – Israel and Judah – Worksheet 1 1. Rehoboam reigned over Judah and Benjamin in the south, Jeroboam reigned over the remaining ten tribes in the north. 2. Jeroboam 3. Thutmosis III 4. “LORD, it is nothing for You to help, whether with many or with those who have no power; help us, O 214  

LORD our God, for we rest on You and in Your name we go against this multitude. O LORD, You are our God; do not let man prevail against You!” (2 Chron. 14:11). 5. Ahab, who was married to Jezebel 6. to show the God rules over the weather, not Baal 7. no, he blamed Elijah 8. Jezebel threatened to kill Elijah and he fled to Mount Sinai. 9. YZBL 10. King Ahab’s Chapter 15 – Israel and Assyria – Worksheet 1 1. Moab, on the Moabite stone found in Jordan 2. the Assyrian king Shalmeneser III, depicted on the Shalmeneser obelisk now in the British Museum 3. Adad Nirari III 4. the Assyrians who conquered Samaria in 722 B.C. 5. The Assyrian records tell of their wars with the Hittites in the 9th century B.C., well after they were supposed to have come to their end. 6. Assyria 7. three 8. James Bartley 9. Hoshea 10. The lions multiplied in the land, killing some of them. Chapter 16 – Judah and Assyria – Worksheet 1 1. the six-sided Sennacherib prism 2. He healed Hezekiah and added 15 years to his life. 3. the pick-axe 4. how they were able to meet precisely in the middle after starting from both ends, especially considering the tunnel is not in a straight line 5. the conquest of Lachish 6. the prophet Isaiah 7. his sons, Adrammelech and Sharezer 8. Ashurbanipal, hunting lions 9. the prophet Nahum and Zephaniah 10. about 2,500 years Chapter 17 – Judah into Exile – Worksheet 1 1. Hezekiah’s son, Manasseh 2. He reinstated the worship of Baal and even installed a statue of the fertility goddess in the temple of God. He also savagely persecuted those who remained loyal to the true God. 

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3. Isaiah 4. He showed unfathomable mercy and brought him back to Jerusalem into his kingdom. 5. the prophet Jeremiah 6. food rations given to Jehoiachin by Amel-Merduk 7. the Late Bronze Age 8. MBII: prosperity at the time of David, Solomon, Israel, and Judah; LB: depopulation resulting from the exile; Iron Age I: repopulation after the exile 9. Daniel, yes 10. “Now, I, Nebuchadnezzar, praise and extol and honor the King of heaven, all of whose works are truth, and His ways justice, And those who walk in pride He is able to put down” (Dan. 4:37). Chapter 18 – Return from Exile – Worksheet 1 1. Isaiah 2. He diverted the waters of the River Euphrates, then marched his troops along the near-empty river bed on the occasion of Babylon’s pagan festival. During the drunken festival, the guards failed to close the gates and the soldiers entered unopposed. 3. Cyrus 4. the Lord God [Yehovah] of heaven 5. very few 6. his brother, Bardiya, also known as Smerdis 7. an impostor by the name of Gaumata who announced that he was the son of Cyrus who was supposed to have been killed; Artaxerxes 8. Darius gained access to the harem and assassinated him. 9. in the Behistun Rock, on the face of the Zagros mountain 10. Persepolis Chapter 19 – Esther to Malachi – Worksheet 1 1. Xerxes, known in the Bible as Ahasuerus 2. drinking vessels, called rhytons, each completely different from each other 3. Queen Vashti 4. because Mordecai, a Jew, refused to prostrate himself before a human being 5. anything she wanted up to half of his kingdom 6. Haman 7. He issued a new decree allowing the Jews to defend themselves and even kill anyone who attacked them. 8. Purim, celebrated on the 14th and 15th day of the Jewish month of Adar which is around March 9. Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite official, and Geshem the Arab 10. 10. The Messiah would come to the new temple and bring salvation and eternal life to the children of Abraham and to a lost world. 216  

Chapter 20 – King of Kings – Worksheet 1 1. Genesis 3:15 2. Jesus was born into the lineage of David and is the King of kings. 3. Caesar Augustus issued a decree requiring Joseph to travel with Mary to Bethlehem where his ancestors were from. Mary gave birth to Jesus while in Bethlehem. 4. One that would drive out the Romans and lead Israel to military victories. 5. Nicodemus 6. the Samaritan woman at the well 7. the pool of Bethesda 8. Mary Magdalene 9. the ossuary of Kaiaphas (Caipahas) 10. In like manner as the witnesses saw Him go into heaven, He will return as “KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS” (Rev. 19:16).

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The Archaeology Book

Unit Quiz Answer Key

Unit One Quiz, chapters 1-3 1. accession year — the year a king actually began his reign 2. AD — Anno Domini (the year of our lord); the years after the Christian era began 3. BC — Before Christ; the years before the Christian era began 4. carbon dating — calculating the amount of carbon left in organic material that has died 5. EB — the Early Bronze Period 6. LB — the Late Bronze Period 7. MB — the Middle Bronze Period 8. baulk — the vertical ridge left between two excavated squares in the ground 9. synchronism — something happening at the same time 10. mastabas — mud-brick structures beneath which were tomb chambers 11. Early Bronze, Middle Bronze, Late Bronze, Iron Age 12. Defense, heat, and floods 13. A study about beginnings 14. 600 B.C. 15. Hapi 16. Misr 17. Zoser 18. Khufu 19. Identify the Pyramids, Temples, Tombs, and unique features on Giza Map: Pyramid of Menkaure Pyramids of Queens Pyramid of Khafre Valley Temple of Menkaure Valley Temple of Khafre

Mortuary Temple

Queen’s Tombs The Sphinx Temple of the Sphinx Eastern Cemetery

218  

Pyramid of Khufu

Valley Temple of Khufu

Unit Two Quiz, chapters 3-5 1. amphitheater — a circle of seats surrounding an area where gladiators fought each other or fought wild beasts 2. Anatolia — mountainous area in central Turkey 3. centurion — a military officer in charge of a hundred men 4. Chaldees — people who used to live in southern Iraq 5. bulla — an impression made on clay with a seal (plural: bullae) 6. scarab — model of a dung beetle with an inscription engraved on it for sealing documents 7. The Syrians thought the Hittites and Egyptians had come to attack them. 8. The strongest nation in the Middle East 3000 years ago was the Hittites. 9. The Hittites were descended from Heth. 10. The Hittites were mentioned forty-six times in the King James Version of the Bible. 11. William Wright wrote the book The Empire of the Hittites. 12. In the Bible, there are four references to “Ur of the Chaldees.” 13. He wanted to learn more about Ur before he excavated such an important site. 14. Sumerians was the name of the people who occupied ancient Ur. 15. Henry Austin Layard discovered Nineveh. 16. Nimrud was the name of the ruins where Layard first started digging. 17. Jehu was the name of the king of Israel that was mentioned on the black pillar Layard found in Nimrud. 18. Hezekiah was the name of the king of Israel when Sennacherib besieged Jerusalem. 19-21. Identify the writing materials and answer the questions: Vellum, Papyrus, Pottery

a. Pottery

b. Vellum

c. Papyrus

22. Vellum made from leather (animal skins that were scraped clean and treated for preservation) 23. A person who made Vellum was called a tanner. 24. Papyrus was made from papyrus stalks from Egypt. 25. The Phoenicians, now Lebanese, made Papyrus and sold it all over the Mediterranean. 26. Byblos was the main city for Papyrus production. 27. We get the word “Bible” from this city.

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Unit Three Quiz, chapters 6-8 1. cuneiform — a form of writing using a wedge-shaped stylus to make an impression on a clay tablet 2. strata — a layer of occupation exposed by excavations 3. syncline — a boat-shaped geological formation 4. Persia — a country in central Iran 5. rhyton — a drinking vessel shaped like a human or animal 6. cistern — a hole dug in rock to store rainwater 7. Nabataeans — people descended from Nabaioth who occupied Petra 8. wadi — a dry riverbed, carrying water only when it rained 9. The Gilgamesh Epic 10. Ashur-Bani-Pal 11. Nebuchadnezzar 12. Isaiah 13. Cyrus the Great 14. 539 B..C 15. Darius the Great 16. Persepolis 17. Obadiah 18. Trajan 19. Applied Learning Activity: (20 Points-4 Points for each character and for Purim) Student should include by name at least four of the characters: Darius, Xerxes, Vashti, Esther, Haman, Mordecai and describe their role in the account. The story should reflect the biblical account of Esther. Purim is the name of the Jewish feast still celebrated today to commemorate the deliverance. Unit Four Quiz, chapters 9-12 1. Baal — a word meaning “lord” and the name of a Phoenician god 2. causeway — a built-up road 3. Yehovah — a Hebrew name for God, usually spelled Jehovah, but there is no “J” in the Hebrew alphabet 4. scroll — papyrus or animal skin document rolled up into a cylinder 5. annunciation — an announcement 6. Calvary — Latin word meaning “skull” 7. Golgotha — Hebrew word meaning “skull” 8. grotto — cave 9. Messiah — meaning “Anointed One” and applied to an expected Jewish leader 10. ossuary — a box in which human bones were preserved 11. Gebal, Berytus Sidon and Tyre 12. Cyprus 13. Ahiram 220  

14. Elijah 15. Ezekiel 16. 1947 17. Qumram 18. Constantine 19.

Hebrew Sumerian Phoenician Egyptian

20. a. Psalms b. Lamentations

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The Archaeology Book

Test Answer Key

1. carbon dating — calculating the amount of carbon left in organic material that has died 2. baulk — the vertical ridge left between two excavated squares in the ground 3. synchronism — something happening at the same time 4. mastabas — mud-brick structures beneath which were tomb chambers 5. centurion — a military officer in charge of a hundred men 6. Chaldees — people who used to live in southern Iraq 7. bulla — an impression made on clay with a seal (plural: bullae) 8. cuneiform — a form of writing using a wedge-shaped stylus to make an impression on a clay tablet 9. syncline — a boat-shaped geological formation 10. Persia — a country in central Iran 11. rhyton — a drinking vessel shaped like a human or animal 12. annunciation — an announcement 13. ossuary — a box in which human bones were preserved 14. grotto — cave 15. Early Bronze, Middle Bronze, Late Bronze, Iron Age 16. Any two: defense, heat, and floods 17. Gebal, Berytus Sidon and Tyre 18. Zoser 19. Khufu 20. Jehu 21. Hezekiah 22. Isaiah 23. Cyrus the Great 24. Ezekiel 25. 1947 26. Identify the Pyramids, Temples, Tombs, and unique features on Giza Map: Pyramid of Menkaure Pyramids of Queens Pyramid of Khafre Valley Temple of Menkaure Valley Temple of Khafre

Mortuary Temple

Queen’s Tombs The Sphinx Temple of the Sphinx Eastern Cemetery

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Pyramid of Khufu

Valley Temple of Khufu

27.

Hebrew Sumerian Phoenician Egyptian

28. a. Psalms b. Lamentations

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Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Unit Quiz Answer Key

Unit One Quiz, chapters 1-3 1. about 6,000 years ago 2. about 4,300 years ago 3. Egypt 4. Ham 5. relics of Egypt and the Bible; yes, they agree 6. King Khufu whose Greek name was Cheops 7. Menes 8. the 18th Dynasty 9. G  enesis 50:2-3, Israel — Joseph’s father. Answers may vary and may include: Joseph’s father made him swear he would bury him in Canaan, not Egypt. Joseph may have wanted to preserve the body to give him more time to carry out his father’s request. 10. Man did not evolve from simple to complex. God created man with high intelligence at creation. 11. Instead of small brick mastabas, there was a huge mountain of stone beneath which was a maze of passages and a tomb chamber. 12. Netjerykhet (later called Zoser or Djoser), Imhotep 13. Terah, the father of Abraham 14. Iraq 15. the almost identical burial customs of both areas 16. Zakaria Goneim 17. Unas 18. because it was built on lower ground than the Step Pyramid; if it was built before the Step Pyramid, it would have been built on higher ground 19. He found some burials above it that dated to the 19th Dynasty. 20. Sekhem-Khet, meaning powerful of body Unit Two Quiz, chapters 4-7 1. Seneferu 2. the three pyramids of Seneferu 3. Nefermaat and his wife, Itet 4. Halfway up the angle was changed to 43 degrees. 5. The reddish construction stone glows in the setting sun. 6. through Abraham when he went to Egypt to escape the famine 7. Cheops 8. Th  ey show us that the builders were not primitive cave men, but rather were highly intelligent and cultured people. This is what we would expect in the 4th Dynasty since God created people from the beginning as highly intelligent beings. 224  

9. huge blocks of shining white Tura limestone brought from the Maqqaram Quarry 10. He first studied all of the known tomb paintings and reliefs for clues as to the nature of early boats, and then made scale models 1:10 of every item taken out of the pit. He then experimented with assembling the model ship until he was satisfied that he was following the original plan. Only then did he try assembling the actual boat. 11. Djedefre 12. Djedefre 13. Khafre’s pyramid is only slightly smaller but stands on higher ground, making it appear larger. It was faced with beautiful Tura limestone, just like Khufu’s pyramid. The tomb plan is completely different. It is also has a slightly sharper angle than Khufu’s, requiring fewer blocks. 14. the bones of a bull 15. burial places for unknown bodies that were interred after the Sphinx was built 16. It sank on a ship near the straights of Gibraltar and is now on the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. 17. Menkaure 18. It was only one-quarter the size but it had a more complex system of tombs and passages. It was not completely faced with limestone. The lower sixteen layers were faced with blocks of red granite brought from Aswan. 19. Abd al-Latif described the nose of the Sphinx in the 12th century A.D., so it must have been there at that time. 20. Shepseskaf Unit Three Quiz, chapters 8-10 1. Userkaf 2. Sahure 3. I ufaa was an Egyptian priest and palace administrator. His tomb shaft was discovered, along with his sarcophagus, furniture, food, and models. 4. Unas 5. Khaemwaset, who was a son of Rameses II 6. W  riting is found on the walls of his tomb chamber and passages. He was the first pharaoh to introduce writing into his pyramid. 7. some striking mastabas, remarkably well preserved, and reliefs on the walls 8. Teti, also known as Othoes 9. P  epi I was known for his remarkable life-size statue made of copper and two smaller copper statues. Pepi II was reportedly the longest-ruling pharaoh. He was on the throne for 92 years. 10. that Egypt was in a state of anarchy with dozens of kings following each other in quick succession with the economy in shambles 11. Intef I founded the 11th Dynasty and it ended with Mentuhotep III. 12. The dates of the earlier dynasties would have to be reduced. 13. The source material is often scanty and erroneous. Many dynasties are now known to have been contemporary with each other. 

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14. First, there are the writings of ancient historians which include Herodotus, Manetho, Josephus, and the Hebrew Bible. Second are the inscriptions carved into temple walls, statues, and artifacts. Third, there are the hundreds of papyrus documents that have come to light. Unfortunately, they don’t. 15. No, he was a good reporter but recorded what he heard for his reader’s information. 16. They do not exist. They have been long since lost. The only source we have for what he wrote are the statements he made that have been quoted by subsequent historians. 17. Josephus, the Jewish historian in the first century A.D. and Bishop Eusebius in the fourth century A.D. 18. Eusabius’ statement that “several Egyptian kings ruled at the same time. . . . It was not a succession of kings occupying the throne one after the other, but several kings reigning at the same time in different regions.” 19. The Hittites have no chronology of their own. Their dates are entirely dependent on synchronisms with Egypt. When Akhenaten came to the throne, the Hittite king Supiluliumas sent him a letter of congratulations. From this we can conclude that Supiluliumas reigned at the same time as Akhenaten. So if we have the correct dates for Egyptian history we have the correct dates for Hittite history. 20. The dates of Egyptian history need to be reduced and that will automatically reduce the dates of Hittite history, which will make them consistent with the Assyrian and Hebrew records. Unit Four Quiz, chapters 11-12 1. Joseph, Israelite slavery, Moses, and the Exodus 2. mud bricks laced with straw as intimated in Exodus 5:7 3. “Hungry Rock” on the Island of Sehel near Aswan in southern Egypt 4. Amenemhet I, also known as Wehemmesut 5. Sesostris I of Dynasty 12 6. Th  e first was the Old Kingdom, which saw the creation of the great pyramids of Giza, the second was the Middle Kingdom with Dynasty 12 at its center, and the third was the New Kingdom, commencing with Dynasty 18. 7. 35 8. the biblical Joseph 9. Amenemhet II and Sesostris II 10. A large number of the inhabitants of the city were from Palestine or Syria, and should be identified with the Israelite slaves that descended from Jacob. 11. the 12th Dynasty 12. Amenemhet III 13. Senwosret III (possibly spelled differently by other scholars) which means “man of power” 14. “Besides the ever-present protruding ears, the older portrayals show deep vertical creases above the roots of the nose, greatly accentuated pouches under the eyes, pronounced lines from the inner corners of the eyes, and dramatically down-turned mouths.” 15. Sobekneferu, the daughter of Amenemhet III 16. Sobekneferu 17. Dahsur and Hawarra in the Faiyyum 18. Amenemhet 226  

19. 3,000 rooms, half are underground and half are directly above them 20. Sobekneferu Unit Five Quiz, chapters 13-16 1. Khasekemre-Neferhotep 2. Kahun 3. B  oxes were found containing the skeletons of babies up to three months old, sometimes three in a box. They were probably the bones of the Israelite babies who were killed on Pharaoh’s orders. 4. Th  e Egyptian army was at the bottom of the Red Sea and the Egyptian people were reeling from the shattering effects of the ten terrible plagues. 5. A  ccording to the Bible’s account of the Exodus, the firstborn son died in the last plague, including Pharaoh’s son. Wahnerferhotep probably died in the plague, leaving Neferhotep’s brother to assume the throne. 6. on the west bank of the Nile River at Luxor 7. Th  e Hyksos king Apophis accused his subject Egyptian king in the south, Seqenenre, of digging a canal, causing the hippopotami in the canal to grunt and keep the Hyksos king awake at night. It was just too much for Seqenenre and he launched the war. 8. the Amelekites 9. Ahmosis 10. abandon the pyramid system of burial and had his tomb chiseled out of the Valley of the Kings at Luxor 11. The Egyptians were astonished that the River Euphrates flowed north to south because Nile flows south to north. 12. because they place the period in the wrong age, the Iron Age I 13. Middle Bronze II Age, a period of affluence and power 14. Gezer was right in the pharaoh’s path of his advance into Syria. Solomon had not been able to bring this well-defended city to heel, but Pharaoh’s army made short work of the Canaanites and handed over the city to Solomon who was no doubt well pleased with the gift. 15. pottery belonging to the Canaanite period 16. Queen Sheba who came to hear the wisdom of Solomon 17. her expedition to the land of Punt 18. to see her sister, Neferbity, who may have been married to Solomon, according to revised chronology 19. Neferbity 20. Palestine Unit Six Quiz, chapters 17-19 1. He conducted seventeen military campaigns abroad and established governors and military units in the conquered lands, transforming Egypt from a powerful nation into a vast empire. Tribute flowed into Egypt, enabling later pharaohs to build magnificent temples and construct expensive tombs. 2. Shishak, who looted the temple of Jerusalem according to I Kings 14:25. The items correspond to the treasures listed in the Bible as being in Solomon’s temple. 

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3. at the death of his father, when he was crowned king 4. He marched northward at the head of his army. 5. Solomon’s son, Rehoboam 6. Central Park 7. They show how artists went about their work. 8. his oldest son, Amenhotep II 9. bow and arrow and racing his war chariot 10. Tutankhamen and Amenhotep II 11. the tomb of Pinudjem, over the hill from Hatshepsut’s temple 12. in the tomb of Amenhotep II 13. Amenhotep’s bow 14. probably to find any valuables which may have been wrapped in the bandages 15. Thutmosis IV of Dynasty 18 16. to show that Thurmosis IV was pharaoh by divine appointment 17. some sort of wasting disease 18. political diplomacy 19. in the tomb of Thutmosis IV 20. in the tomb of his father, Amenhotep II and was one of the nine mummies that had been collected by the priests of Dynasty 21 and reburied for safe keeping Unit Seven Quiz, chapters 20-22 1. because it was made of individual stones which were of little value to subsequent builders 2. a thousand 3. Tiye 4. Amenhotep III and his wife Tiye 5. Memphis, in the north 6. It stood on a foundation of sand. In fact, the whole temple appears to have been built on sand. 7. more than one thousand 8. The beautiful one has come. 9. The Armana Period. Akhenaten instituted a new religion. 10. halfway between Luxor and Memphis, called Akhetaten 11. Artists depicted right and left hands and feet on royalty, although other citizens continued to have the traditional two left hands and feet. 12. Meritaton and Ankhesenpaten 13. To try to prove that Akhenaten was the first to originate the concept of monotheism 14. The revised chronology puts Akhenaten after David, which means if anyone copied, it was Akhenaten who copied David. 15. The two outer layers were wood gilded with gold leaf. The inner coffin was made of solid gold. 228  

16. an avenue of sphinxes 17. The workmen, cutting into the cliff face to make the tomb of Rameses VI in the twentith dynasty, selected a site just above Tutankhamen’s tomb and dumped all the stone chips from the tomb of Rameses VI onto Tutankhamen’s tomb, effectively burying it out of sight. 18. Primarily because of his artistic ability. There was need of accurate drawings to preserve information about tombs and temples that were excavated. 19. Howard Carter, who excavated the Tutankhamen’s tomb, lived to a ripe old age. 20. ten years Unit Eight Quiz, chapters 23-25 1. Archaeologists removed them from Harmheb’s pylon to reconstruct Akhenaten’s temple. 2. I n 1861, an unknown traveler bought a mummy from grave robbers in Egypt and took it back to Canada where it was put on display in the Niagara Falls Museum. The museum went broke and sold the entire Egyptian collection to the Atlanta University Museum in the United States. The American museum returned the mummy to Egypt. 3. C  arter knew that there was one pharaoh whose tomb had not been discovered, Tutankhamen. When the permit to excavate was relinquished by Theodore Davis because he believed there were no more tombs to be found, Carter applied for the permit. He was sponsored financially by Lord Carnarvon. 4. a great warrior king 5. The temple is off the beaten path and the roof is still is place, protecting the five inner shrines from the sun. 6. a king list beginning with Menes 7. I t was a masterpiece of embalming. It was the best-preserved and most lifelike of any of the royal mummies. He seems to be peacefully sleeping. 8. H  e fathered 50 sons and probably a similar number of daughters; he was one of the longest ruling pharaohs — 67 years — and was Egypt’s most prodigious builder of temples and statues. 9. just to the northeast of the pyramid of Menkaure at Giza 10. Rameses had been lucky to escape with his life. The two sides signed a non-aggression pact. 11. Memphis, Abydos, Luxor, and Abu Simbel 12. when Joseph was storing grain in preparation for the seven-year famine 13. 12 14. Reliefs on the walls of Persepolis depict Persians with headdresses strikingly similar to the captives depicted on the wall of Rameses III at Medinet Habu. The “Peleset” as they were called should be identified with the Persians, not the Philistines. 15. Because the stela has the word “Israel” written on it. It is the only place Israel is mentioned by name in ancient Egyptian inscriptions. 16. Merneptah would have bragged about and possibly embellished the battle. 17. the king of Assyria 18. They are guesses. 19. the Greeks 20. Rameses VI, known also as Nactenebo II whose tomb is above Tutankhamen’s 

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Unit Nine Quiz, chapters 26-27 1. an inscription recording a seven-year famine 2. because we are so much in the dark over what happened in this period 3. a misplaced faith in the immutability of the established framework 4. the theory of Sothic dating 5. at the beginning 6. no 7. Th  eir chronology is based in the Egyptian chronology. If the Egyptian chronology is wrong, then their chronology is wrong, too. 8. in the tomb of Psusennes of Dynasty 21 at Tanis in the Delta 9. writing on the bandages that disclose their date 10. Aswan 11. God would give him into the hands of his enemies. He was assassinated. 12. Synchronisms between Egypt, Israel, and Assyria confirm the dates. 13. wretched Kush 14. the Nubian monarch Taharka 15. in the pyramid he had built for himself in Kush 16. Psamtik 17. Necho, king of Egypt 18. Amasis 19. Ezekiel, yes 20. Egyptians readily accepted Christianity, but when Islam came to Egypt, most became Muslims. Both Christians and Muslims are hostile to idolatry. Unit Ten Quiz, chapters 28-29 1. The biblical and Assyrian chronology 2. the theory of evolution 3. less than 6,000 4. Most of the strata are sharply defined. 5. E  ither the Hebrew scribes reduced the number of years or the Greek scribes inserted the extra centuries. It is probably the Greeks who inserted the years since they believed in an older earth. 6. the Septuagint, abbreviated as the LXX 7. S hem’s descendants occupied the Middle East, Ham’s descendants headed for Africa, and Japheth’s descendants spread in all directions. 8. one of Ham’s sons, Mizraim 9. H  e could not have known what we now know about Ur, that it was the world’s first civilization with a remarkable knowledge of astronomy and arithmetic and that they were the first to invent writing. When Khufu built his pyramid there was a burst of astronomical and mathematical knowledge. 230  

10. Gardiner despairingly wrote, “Our materials for the reconstruction of a coherent picture are hopelessly inadequate.” God should know more about the past than finite man. 11. the Egyptian chariots 12. to about 700 B.C. 13. a reduced chronology of Egypt 14. It was preserved in stone or hidden away in secret chambers. 15. by the Hebrew tradition for meticulous accuracy in preserving the Scriptures 16. In some instances, they counted every verse, every word, and even every letter in every book. They also had practices such as recording the word that was in the exact middle of the book so that later copyists could count both ways and be sure they had not left out even a single letter. 17. Hophra, Necho, and Taharka 18. The sister of the Queen of Sheba (Hatshepsut), Neferbity 19. Pharaoh Sesostris I, Sesostris’ vizier or prime minister — Mentuhotep 20. Answers may vary, but should be thoughtful and include the belief in an old earth/evolution.

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231

Unwrapping the Pharaohs

Test Answer Key

1. about 4,300 years ago 2. Ham 3. Terah, the father of Abraham 4. the three pyramids of Seneferu 5. through Abraham when he went to Egypt to escape the famine 6. H  e first studied all of the known tomb paintings and reliefs for clues as to the nature of early boats, and then made scale models 1:10 of every item taken out of the pit. He then experimented with assembling the model ship until he was satisfied that he was following the original plan. Only then did he try assembling the actual boat. 7. Khaemwaset, who was a son of Rameses II 8. P  epi I was known for his remarkable life-size statue made of copper and two smaller copper statues. Pepi II was reportedly the longest-ruling pharaoh. He was on the throne for 92 years. 9. E  usabius’ statement that “several Egyptian kings ruled at the same time. . . . It was not a succession of kings occupying the throne one after the other, but several kings reigning at the same time in different regions.” 10. mud bricks laced with straw as intimated in Exodus 5:7 11. The first was the Old Kingdom, which saw the creation of the great pyramids of Giza, the second was the Middle Kingdom with Dynasty 12 at its center, and the third was the New Kingdom, commencing with Dynasty 18. 12. Sobekneferu, the daughter of Amenemhet III 13. Khasekemre-Neferhotep 14. Middle Bronze Age II, a period of affluence and power 15. Queen of Sheba, who came to hear the wisdom of Solomon 16. He conducted seventeen military campaigns abroad and established governors and military units in the conquered lands, transforming Egypt from a powerful nation into a vast empire. Tribute flowed into Egypt, enabling later pharaohs to build magnificent temples and construct expensive tombs. 17. Shishak, who looted the temple of Jerusalem according to I Kings 14:25. The items correspond to the treasures listed in the Bible as being in Solomon’s temple. 18. Amenhotep’s bow 19. because it was made of individual stones which were of little value to subsequent builders 20. The Armana Period. Akhenaten instituted a new religion. 21. The revised chronology puts Akhenaten after David, which means if anyone copied, it was Akhenaten who copied David. 22. an inscription recording a seven-year famine 23. because we are so much in the dark over what happened in this period 24. a misplaced faith in the immutability of the established framework 25. The biblical and Assyrian chronology 26. the theory of evolution 27. less than 6,000 232  

28. Most of the strata are sharply defined. 29. Either the Hebrew scribes reduced the number of years or the Greek scribes inserted the extra centuries. It is probably the Greeks who inserted the years since they believed in an older earth. 30. the Septuagint, abbreviated as the LXX 31. Shem’s descendants occupied the Middle East, Ham’s descendants headed for Africa, and Japheth’s descendants spread in all directions. 32. one of Ham’s sons, Mizraim 33. He could not have known what we now know about Ur, that it was the world’s first civilization with a remarkable knowledge of astronomy and arithmetic and that they were the first to invent writing. When Khufu built his pyramid there was a burst of astronomical and mathematical knowledge. 34. Gardiner despairingly wrote, “Our materials for the reconstruction of a coherent picture are hopelessly inadequate.” God should know more about the past than finite man. 35. a reduced chronology of Egypt 36. it was preserved in stone or hidden away in secret chambers 37. by the Hebrew tradition for meticulous accuracy in preserving the Scriptures 38. In some instances, they counted every verse, every word, and even every letter in every book. They also had practices such as recording the word that was in the exact middle of the book so that later copyists could count both ways and be sure they had not left out even a single letter. 39. Hophra, Necho, and Taharka 40. Answers may vary, but should be thoughtful and include the belief in an old earth/evolution.

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233

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Unit Quiz Answer Key

Unit One Quiz, chapters 1-4 1. the traditional chronology 2. Th  e historical records of Egypt and Israel show a remarkable consistency with the Bible records, which we can accept as not only inspiring but also entirely reliable. 3. signs of erosion 4. Ashurbanipal 5. They have been distorted by time and retelling. 6. Babylon 7. Shem — the Semitic nations: Hebrews, Arabs, Assyrians, Elamites, and Syrians Ham — Canaanites, Egyptians, and Africans Japheth — the nations of the rest of the world 8. Ur in southern Iraq, established by the Sumerians 9. The process the Sumerians used to educate people is described. 10. arithmetic and the science of astronomy 11. 75 12. Khufu 13. Ishmael was born to Hagar. Ishmael is the progenitor of the Arab nations with whom Israel is in a perpetual state of friction. 14. he laughs 15. Salvation — God Himself would provide His Son as a sacrifice for a lost world. 16. Hammurabi of Babylon conquered Mari, and when it rebelled against him two years later he systematically pillaged and burned the palace, effectively burying the precious tablets. 17. 40 18. They were domesticated by the Bronze Age. It cannot be ruled out that they were domesticated before the Bronze Age. 19. about two hours of hard work 20. Esau and Jacob Unit Two Quiz, chapters 5-8 1. Esau — the Edomites, Jacob — the Israelites 2. Jesus Christ — by His death on the Cross He spanned the gulf between God and a guilty world. 3. L  aban substituted Leah for Rachel, requiring Jacob to work another seven years for Laban in order to marry Rachel. 4. Jacob’s Well 5. A  tomb on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem, considered to be Rachel’s burial place. The site cannot be Rachel’s burial place since 1 Samual 10:2 says it was in the territory of Benjamin, which was north of Jerusalem rather than south where the traditional tomb is. 6. to a group of Midianite traders 234  

7. Sesostris I of the 12th Dynasty 8. Neferhotep I 9. The death of Christ on the Cross. He became our Passover lamb. 10. Tools and other possessions were abandoned in shops and homes. 11. No. The names of the locations cannot be positively identified. 12. in Arabia 13. They believed the report from the spies who said they could not take the land, wept, and desired to return to Egypt. 14. when Israel was in possession of the Sinai Peninsula following the Six Day War in 1967 15. hundreds 16. monstrous rhinoceroses, hippopotami, elephants, and cave oxen 17. King’s Highway 18. venomous snakes 19. The snake is associated with Satan and sin. Jesus became sin and paid the price for our sin. See Corinthians 5:21. 20. on the top of Mount Nebo Unit Three Quiz, chapters 9-12 1. “The waters which came down from upstream stood still, and rose in a heap very far away at Adam . . . and the people crossed over opposite Jericho” (Josh. 3:16). 2. A  nswers may vary, but should include descriptions of the walls having fallen down, homes burnt to the ground, and life in full activity at the moment of destruction. 3. He was 85 and was dedicated to God and His Word. 4. A  nswers may vary, but should include that they were nomads, had unique burial customs that matched other places where the Israelites had been, they were a loose confederation of tribes, etc. 5. A  nswers may vary, but should include the thought that we need to investigate our findings and look for errors in dating and continue looking for clues that may be missing. 6. due to the misconduct (sin) of Achan 7. following the Early Bronze Age 8. B. Cobby Crisler, He found it could be done. 9. O  n the side of a hill on which the Shiloh was built is a platform that has been cut out of the rock, measuring 85 feet wide and that runs from east to west. 10. six fingers and six toes 11. due to the shock from the news that the ark of the covenant was captured 12. because their deity, Dagon, repeatedly fell 13. because God instructed him to after the people began clamoring for a king in order to be like the other nations 14. Goliath 15. Rechavam Ze’evy 16. He inquired of the Lord. 

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17. They failed to study the Scriptures to see how the ark should be moved. 18. the Middle Bronze Age 19. a slab of stone ascribed to no later than the third quarter of the 8th century B.C. that indicates David was known at that time 20. a man after God’s own heart Unit Four Quiz, chapters 13-17 1. A king should not have multiple horses or wives for himself, lest his heart turn away. 2. Middle Bronze II period 3. the building of the magnificent temple in Jerusalem 4. “ LORD, it is nothing for You to help, whether with many or with those who have no power; help O LORD our God, for we rest on You and in Your name we go against this multitude. O LORD, You are our God; do not let man prevail against You!” (2 Chron. 14:11). 5. Ahab, who was married to Jezebel 6. to show the God rules over the weather, not Baal 7. No, he blamed Elijah 8. YZBL 9. Adad Nirari III 10. the Assyrians who conquered Samaria in 722 B.C. 11. Assyria 12. Hoshea 13. the six-sided Sennacherib prism 14. He healed Hezekiah and added 15 years to his life. 15. the prophet Isaiah 16. about 2,500 years 17. Isaiah 18. He showed unfathomable mercy and brought him back to Jerusalem into his kingdom. 19. food rations given to Jehoiachin by Amel-Merduk 20. MBII: prosperity at the time of David, Solomon, Israel, and Judah; LB: depopulation resulting from the exile; Iron Age I: repopulation after the exile Unit Five Quiz, chapters 18-20 1. Cyrus 2. the Lord God [Yehovah] of heaven 3. very few 4. Darius gained access to the harem and assassinated him. 5. in the Behistun Rock, on the face of the Zagros mountain 6. Persepolis 236  

7. Xerxes, known in the Bible as Ahasuerus 8. Queen Vashti 9. because Mordecai, a Jew, refused to prostrate himself before a human being 10. Haman 11. He issued a new decree allowing the Jews to defend themselves and even kill anyone who attacked them. 12. Purim, celebrated on the 14th and 15th day of the Jewish month of Adar which is around March 13. The Messiah would come to the new temple and bring salvation and eternal life to the children of Abraham and to a lost world. 14. Genesis 3:15 15. Jesus was born into the lineage of David and is the King of kings. 16. One that would drive out the Romans and lead Israel to military victories. 17. Nicodemus 18. the pool of Bethesda 19. Mary Magdalene 20. In like manner, as the witnesses saw Him go into heaven, He will return as “KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS” (Rev. 19:16).

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237

Unveiling the Kings of Israel

Test Answer Key

1. the traditional chronology 2. Th  e historical records of Egypt and Israel show a remarkable consistency with the Bible records, which we can accept as not only inspiring but also entirely reliable. 3. They have been distorted by time and retelling. 4. Babylon 5. Shem — the Semitic nations: Hebrews, Arabs, Assyrians, Elamites, and Syrians Ham — Canaanites, Egyptians, and Africans Japheth — the nations of the rest of the world 6. Ur in southern Iraq, established by the Sumerians 7. I shmael was born to Hagar. Ishmael is the progenitor of the Arab nations with whom Israel is in a perpetual state of friction. 8. Salvation — God Himself would provide His Son as a sacrifice for a lost world. 9. Esau — the Edomites; Jacob — the Israelites 10. Jesus Christ — by His death on the Cross He spanned the gulf between God and a guilty world. 11. A tomb on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem, considered to be Rachel’s burial place. The site cannot be Rachel’s burial place since 1 Samual 10:2 says it was in the territory of Benjamin, which was north of Jerusalem rather than south where the traditional tomb is. 12. in Arabia 13. They believed the report from the spies who said they could not take the land, wept, and desired to return to Egypt. 14. hundreds 15. The snake is associated with Satan and sin. Jesus became sin and paid the price for our sin. See Corinthians 5:21. 16. on the top of Mount Nebo 17. “The waters which came down from the upstream stood still, and rose in a heap very far away at Adam . . . and the people crossed over opposite Jericho” (Josh. 3:16). 18. Answers may vary, but should include descriptions of the walls having fallen down, homes burnt to the ground, and life in full activity at the moment of destruction. 19. Answers may vary, but should include the thought that we need to investigate our findings and look for errors in dating and continue looking for clues that may be missing. 20. due to the misconduct (sin) of Achan 21. On the side of a hill on which the Shiloh was built is a platform that has been cut out of the rock, measuring 85 feet wide and runs from east to west. 22. six fingers and six toes 23. due to the shock from the news that the ark of the covenant was captured 24. He inquired of the Lord. 25. A king should not have multiple horses or wives for himself, lest his heart turn away. 26. the building of the magnificent temple in Jerusalem 238  

27. “LORD, it is nothing for You to help, whether with many or with those who have no power; help O LORD our God, for we rest on You and in Your name we go against this multitude. O LORD, You are our God; do not let man prevail against You!” (2 Chron. 14:11). 28. Ahab, who was married to Jezebel 29. Assyria 30. He healed Hezekiah and added 15 years to his life. 31. He showed unfathomable mercy and brought him back to Jerusalem into his kingdom. 32. MBII: prosperity at the time of David, Solomon, Israel, and Judah; LB: depopulation resulting from the exile; Iron Age I: repopulation after the exile 33. the Lord God [Yehovah] of heaven 34. Xerxes, known in the Bible as Ahasuerus 35. Queen Vashti 36. He issued a new decree allowing the Jews to defend themselves and even kill anyone who attacked them. 37. Purim, celebrated on the 14th and 15th day of the Jewish month of Adar which is around March 38. The Messiah would come to the new temple and bring salvation and eternal life to the children of Abraham and to a lost world. 39. Jesus was born into the lineage of David and is the King of Kings. 40. In like manner as the witnesses saw Him go into heaven, He will return as “KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS” (Rev. 19:16).

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239

History & Archaeology of the Bible

Final Test Answer Key

1. about 4,300 years ago 2. Ham 3. through Abraham when he went to Egypt to escape the famine 4. Khaemwaset, who was a son of Rameses II 5. E  usabius’ statement that “several Egyptian kings ruled at the same time. . . . It was not a succession of kings occupying the throne one after the other, but several kings reigning at the same time in different regions.” 6. Th  e first was the Old Kingdom, which saw the creation of the great pyramids of Giza, the second was the Middle Kingdom with Dynasty 12 at its center, and the third was the New Kingdom, commencing with Dynasty 18. 7. Khasekemre-Neferhotep 8. The Armana Period. Akhenaten instituted a new religion. 9. less than 6,000 10. a reduced chronology of Egypt 11. The historical records of Egypt and Israel show a remarkable consistency with the Bible records, which we can accept as not only inspiring but also entirely reliable. 12. Shem — the Semitic nations: Hebrews, Arabs, Assyrians, Elamites, and Syrians Ham — Canaanites, Egyptians, and Africans Japheth — the nations of the rest of the world 13. Salvation — God Himself would provide His Son as a sacrifice for a lost world. 14. Jesus Christ — by His death on the Cross He spanned the gulf between God and a guilty world. 15. The snake is associated with Satan and sin. Jesus became sin and paid the price for our sin. See Corinthians 5:21. 16. Answers may vary, but should include the thought that we need to investigate our findings and look for errors in dating and continue to look for clues that may be missing. 17. Assyria 18. MBII: prosperity at the time of David, Solomon, Israel, and Judah; LB: depopulation resulting from the exile; Iron Age I: repopulation after the exile 19. The Messiah would come to the new temple and bring salvation and eternal life to the children of Abraham and to a lost world. 20. In like manner as the witnesses saw Him go into heaven, He will return as “KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS” (Rev. 19:16).

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The Archaeology Book

Glossary

Accession year—the year a king actually began his reign AD—Anno Domini (the year of our Lord); the years after the Christian era began Amphitheater—a circle of seats surrounding an area where gladiators fought each other or fought wild beasts Anatolia—mountainous area in central Turkey Annunciation—an announcement Armenians—people who live in eastern Turkey and northern Iraq Artifact—an item from antiquity found in excavation Asiatic—in Egyptian terms, someone from Syria or Palestine Baal—a word meaning “lord,” the name of a Phoenician god Bathhouse—a club where citizens could bathe in cold, warm, or hot water BC—Before Christ; the years before the Christian era began Baulk—the vertical ridge left between two excavated squares in the ground Bedouin—Arabs living in tents with no fixed address Bulla—an impression made on clay with a seal (plural: bullae) Calvary—Latin word meaning “skull” Carbon dating—calculating the amount of carbon left in organic material that has died Causeway—a built-up road Centurion—a military officer in charge of a hundred men Ceramic—something made of pottery Chaldees—people who used to live in southern Iraq Chronology—time periods; dates in which events happened Cistern—a hole dug in rock to store rainwater Cuneiform—a form of writing using a wedge-shaped stylus to make an impression on a clay tablet Debris—discarded rubbish Dowry—gift given to a prospective bride at the time of her marriage Dynasty—a succession of kings descended from one another Drachma—a Greek coin worth about a day’s wages EB—the Early Bronze Period Edom—country in southern Jordan Edomites—people descended from Edom, also known as Esau, Jacob’s brother Exile—a people sent out of their home country to another country Exodus—going out; applied to the Israelites leaving Egypt Golgotha—Hebrew word meaning “skull” Grotto—cave Hieroglyphs—Egyptian picture writing 

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Inscription—writing made on clay, stone, papyrus, or animal skins LB—the Late Bronze period Mastabas—mud-brick structures beneath which were tomb chambers MB—the Middle Bronze Period Medes—people who used to live in northern Iran Messiah—meaning “Anointed One” and applied to an expected Jewish leader Millennium—one thousand years Nabataeans—people descended from Nabaioth who occupied Petra Nomad—a person who lived in a tent that could be moved from place to place Non-accession year—the first complete year of a king’s reign Nubia—a country south of Egypt now called Sudan Ossuary—a box in which human bones were preserved Papyrus—sheets of writing material made from the Egyptian papyrus plant Passover—Jewish ceremony celebrating the Exodus from Egypt Persia—a country in central Iran Pharaoh—title applied to many Egyptian kings Pottery—a vessel made of clay fired in a kiln Rhyton—a drinking vessel shaped like a human or animal Sarcophagus—a stone coffin Scarab—model of a dung beetle with an inscription engraved on it for sealing documents Seal—an object made of stone, metal, or clay with a name engraved on it used to impress in soft clay Scroll—papyrus or animal skin document rolled up into a cylinder Siq—narrow valley between two high rock formations Stratum—a layer of occupation exposed by excavations (plural: strata) Synchronism—something happening at the same time Syncline—a boat-shaped geological formation Tell—a Hebrew word meaning “ruins” applied to hills on which people once lived Theater—a stage for actors in front of which was a semi-circle of seats Vellum—animal skin treated to be used as writing material Wadi—a dry riverbed, carrying water only when it rained Yehovah—a Hebrew name for God, usually spelled Jehovah, but there is no “J” in the Hebrew alphabet

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