Basic Introduction to Arabic

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Basic Introduction to Arabic

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Basic Introduction to Arabic Introduction: This is an extract from the Moroccan Arabic book. You will notice that we did not follow the book page by page. We rather picked some key elements in the book that a beginner can do on his/her own. Page numbers refer to the complete book not this PDF guide. The Arabic readings in these lessons are done by our Language and Culture Facilitators. Table of Contents Lesson number Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 Lesson 8 Lesson 9 Lesson 10 Lesson 11 Lesson 12 Lesson 13 Lesson 14 Lesson 15 Lesson 16 Lesson 17 Lesson 18 Lesson 19 Lesson 20 Lesson 21 Lesson 22 Lesson 23 Lesson 24 Lesson 25 Lesson 26 Lesson 27 Lesson 28 Lesson 29 Lesson 30

Title Arabic Alphabet Greeting Expressions Greetings Dialogue Independent Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Describing Oneself Describing Oneself (practice dialogue) Demonstrative Pronouns/Adjectives Mealtime Expressions Thanking Expressions Expressions for nighttime Hygiene Offering Help Being sick Transportation Expressions Responding to difficulties/Apologies Congratulations Communication Numerals Numerals Numerals Time Exercises about Time Shopping Shopping Expressions Practice Dialogue/Shopping Verb to “want” Family Members Family Expressions Family practice text

The text accompanies the following ten (10) audio tracks: • MO_Arabic_Lesson_1-3.mp3 • MO_Arabic_Lesson_4-6.mp3 • MO_Arabic_Lesson_7-9.mp3 • MO_Arabic_Lesson_10-12.mp3 • MO_Arabic_Lesson_13-15.mp3 • MO_Arabic_Lesson_16-18.mp3 • MO_Arabic_Lesson_19-21.mp3 • MO_Arabic_Lesson_22-24.mp3 • MO_Arabic_Lesson_25-27.mp3 • MO_Arabic_Lesson_28-30.mp3

(Time: 4:05) (File Size: 3.74 MB) (Time: 3:32) (File Size: 3.23 MB) (Time: 3:42) (File Size: 3.39 MB) (Time: 2:20) (File Size: 2.14 MB) (Time: 1:28) (File Size: 1.35 MB) (Time: 1:13) (File Size: 1.11 MB) (Time: 2:19) (File Size: 2.12 MB) (Time: 5:10) (File Size: 4.73 MB) (Time: 3:17) (File Size: 3.00 MB) (Time: 4:25) (File Size: 4.04 MB)

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Peace Corps / Morocco • Page 1

Lesson 1

Arabic Alphabet

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Lesson 2 Greeting expressions and appropriate responses ‫ﻋﻠَﻴﻜُﻢ‬ َ ‫اﻟﺴَﻼ ُم‬ ‫ﻋﻠَﻴﻜُﻢ اﻟﺴَﻼم‬ َ ‫َو‬

A: Peace be upon you B: And peace be upon you (too)

s-salamu ‫ع‬alaykum wa ‫ع‬alaykum s-salam

A: Good morning B: Good morning

ṣbaн l-xir ṣbaн l-xir

‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺨﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺨﻴﺮ‬

A: Good afternoon / evening B: Good afternoon / evening

msa l-xir msa l-xir

‫ﻣﺴﺎ اﻟﺨﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎ اﻟﺨﻴﺮ‬

name

smiya

What’s your name?

šnu smitk?

my name...

smiti...

...‫ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻲ‬

your name...

smitk...

...‫ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻚ‬

his name...

smitu...

...‫ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻮ‬

her name...

smitha...

...‫ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬

Nice to meet you.

mtšrfin

‫ﻣﺘﺸﺮﻓﻴﻦ‬

How are you (masc.)?

kif dayr?

‫آﻴﻒ داﻳﺮ؟‬

How are you (fem.)?

kif dayra?

‫آﻴﻒ داﻳﺮة؟‬

Are you fine?

labas?

Good, thanks be to God.

labas, l-нamdullah

Good, thanks be to God.

bixir, l-нamdullah

Everything is fine.

kulši bixir

‫آُﻠﺸﻲ ﺑِﺨﻴﺮ‬

Good-bye

bslama

‫ب اﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬

Good night

layla sa‫ع‬ida

‫ﻟَﻴﻠﺔ ﺳﻌﻴﺪة‬

‫ﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﻮ ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻚ؟‬

‫ﻻ ﺑﺎس؟‬ ‫ﻻ ﺑﺎس اﻟﺤَﻤ ُﺪ اﷲ‬ ‫ﺑِﺨﻴﺮ اﻟﺤَﻤ ُﺪ اﷲ‬

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Lesson 3 Greetings Dialogue John: s-salamu ‫ع‬alaykum. Mohamed: wa ‫ع‬alaykum s-salam. John: kif dayr? Mohamed: labas, l-нamdullah. u nta? John: bixir, l-нamdullah. Mohamed: šnu smitk? John: smiti John. u nta? Mohamed: smiti Mohamed. John: mtšrfin. Mohamed: mtšrfin.

‫ﻋﻠَﻴﻜُﻢ‬ َ ‫اﻟﺴَﻼ ُم‬ ‫ﻋﻠَﻴﻜُﻢ اﻟﺴَﻼم‬ َ ‫َو‬ ‫آﻴﻒ داﻳﺮ؟‬ ‫ و ﻧﺖَ؟‬.‫ﻻ ﺑﺎس اﻟﺤَﻤ ُﺪ اﷲ‬ ‫ﺑِﺨﻴﺮ اﻟﺤَﻤ ُﺪ اﷲ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﻮ ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻚ؟‬ ‫ و ﻧﺖَ؟‬.‫ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻲ دﺟﻮن‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺸﺮﻓﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺸﺮﻓﻴﻦ‬

:‫دﺟﻮن‬ :‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ :‫دﺟﻮن‬ :‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ :‫دﺟﻮن‬ :‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ :‫دﺟﻮن‬ :‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ :‫دﺟﻮن‬ :‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬

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Lesson 4 Independent Pronouns We call the following pronouns “independent” because they are not attached to other words, such as nouns, verbs, or prepositions. The pronouns are often used in a number of different ways. I

ana

‫أﻧﺎ‬

you (masc. singular)

nta

‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫ﻧ‬

you (fem. singular)

nti

‫ﺖ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬

he

huwa

‫ُه َﻮ‬

she

hiya

‫ﻲ‬ َ ‫ِه‬

we

нna

‫ﺣﻨﺎ‬

you (plural)

ntuma

‫ﻧﺘُﻤﺎ‬

they

huma

‫هُﻤﺎ‬

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Lesson 5 Possessive Pronouns In Darija, a suffix (ending) may be added to the end of words in order to express possession.

‫ ـﻴﺎ‬/ ‫ـﻲ‬

my

i / yaT*

your (singular)

k

his

u / hT*

her

ha

‫ـﻬﺎ‬

our

na

‫ـﻨﺎ‬

your (plural)

kum

‫ـﻜُﻢ‬

their

hum

‫ـﻬُﻢ‬

‫ـﻚ‬ ‫ ـﻪ‬/ ‫ـﻮ‬

* For the “my” and “his” forms, the first ending is used for words ending in consonants, while the second is used with words ending in vowels. For example, smiti (my name), but xuya (my brother). Example of possessive pronouns with the noun “book.” book

ktab

my book

ktabi

your (sing.) book

ktabk

his book

ktabu

her book

ktabha

our book

ktabna

your (plur.) book

ktabkum

their book

ktabhum

‫آﺘﺎب‬ ‫آﺘﺎﺑﻲ‬ ‫آﺘﺎﺑﻚ‬ ‫آﺘﺎﺑﻮ‬ ‫آﺘﺎﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫آﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫آﺘﺎﺑﻜُﻢ‬ ‫آﺘﺎﺑﻬُﻢ‬

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Lesson 6 Describing Oneself:

Nationalities, Cities, and Marital Status Vocabulary and Expressions Where are you (masc.) from?

mnin nta?

Where are you (fem.) from?

mnin nti?

I am from the U.S.

ana mn mirikan.

I am American.

ana mirikani(ya).

I am from Morocco.

ana mn l-mġrib.

I am Moroccan.

ana mġribi(ya).

Are you ... ?

weš nta/nti ... ?

Are you from the U.S.?

weš nta/nti mn mirikan?

Where are you from in the U.S.?

mnin nta/nti f mirikan?

And you?

u nta/nti?

city

mdina

state

wilaya

big (fem.)

kbira

small (fem.)

ṣġira

Excuse me. (to man / woman)

smн li / smнi li

I am not ...

ana maši ...

but

welakin

engaged (fem.)

mxṭuba

married (masc. / fem.)

mzuwj / mzuwja

No, not yet.

lla mazal / lla baqi

Are you a tourist?

weš nta/nti turist?

‫ﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺖَ؟‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺖِ؟‬ .‫أﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣِﺮﻳﻜﺎن‬ .(‫أﻧﺎ ﻣِﺮﻳﻜﺎﻧﻲ)ة‬ .‫أﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻐﺮِب‬ .(‫أﻧﺎ ﻣﻐﺮِﺑﻲ)ة‬ ‫ ؟‬... ‫ﺖ‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬/‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫واش ﻧ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻣﻦ ِﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎن؟‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬/‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫واش ﻧ‬ ‫ﺖ ف ﻣِﺮﻳﻜﺎن؟‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬/‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫ﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻧ‬ ‫ ﻧﺖِ؟‬/ ‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫وﻧ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫وِﻻﻳﺔ‬ ‫آﺒﻴﺮة‬ ‫ﺻﻐﻴﺮة‬ ‫ ﺳﻤﺤﻲ ﻟﻲ‬/ ‫ﺳﻤﺢ ﻟﻲ‬ ... ‫أﻧﺎ ﻣﺎﺷﻲ‬ ‫َوَﻟﻜِﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ ﻣﺰوّﺟﺔ‬/ ‫ﻣﺰوّج‬ ‫ﻻ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ‬ ّ / ‫ﻻ ﻣﺎزال‬ ّ ‫ﺖ ﺗُﺮﻳﺴﺖ؟‬ ِ ‫ﻧ‬/‫ﺖ‬ َ ‫واش ﻧ‬

I work with the Peace Corps.

ana xddam(a) m‫ع‬a hay'at s-salam.

.‫أﻧﺎ ﺧﺪّام)ة( ﻣ َﻊ هَﻴﺌَﺔ اﻟﺴَﻼم‬

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Lesson 7 Dialogue Fatima: Tom: Fatima: Tom: Fatima: Tom:

s-salamu ‫ع‬alaykum. wa ‫ع‬alaykum s-salam. smн li, weš nta fransawi? lla, ana mirikani. mnin f mirikan? mn mdint Seattle f wilayat Washington. u nti?

Fatima: Tom: Fatima: Tom: Fatima: Tom: Fatima: Tom:

mn Rabat. šнal f ‫ع‬mrk? tnayn u ‫ع‬šrin ‫ع‬am. u nta? rb‫ع‬a u tlatin ‫ع‬am. weš nta mzuwj wlla mazal? mazal. u nti? lla, baqiya. weš nta turist? lla, ana xddam m‫ع‬a hay'at s-salam. Fatima: bslama. Tom: n-šufk mn b‫ع‬d.

‫ﻋﻠَﻴﻜُﻢ‬ َ ‫اﻟﺴَﻼ ُم‬ ‫ﻋﻠَﻴﻜُﻢ اﻟﺴَﻼم‬ َ ‫َو‬ ‫ﺖ ﻓﺮَﻧﺴﺎوي؟‬ َ ‫ واش ﻧ‬،‫ﺳﻤﺢ ﻟﻲ‬ .‫ أﻧﺎ ﻣِﺮﻳﻜﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻴﻦ ف ﻣِﺮﻳﻜﺎن؟‬ ‫ و‬.‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻞ ف وِﻻﻳﺔ واﺷﻨﻄُﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺖِ؟‬ .‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺑﺎط‬ ‫ﺷﺤﺎل ف ﻋﻤﺮك؟‬ ‫ و ﻧﺖَ؟‬.‫ﺗﻨَﻴﻦ و ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺎم‬ .‫رﺑﻌﺔ و ﺗﻼﺗﻴﻦ ﻋﺎم‬ ‫ﻻ ﻣﺎزال؟‬ ّ ‫ﺖ ﻣﺰوج و‬ َ ‫واش ﻧ‬ ‫ و ﻧﺖِ؟‬.‫ﻣﺎزال‬ ‫ﺖ ﺗﻮرﻳﺴﺖ؟‬ َ ‫ واش ﻧ‬.‫ ﺑﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬،‫ﻻ‬

:‫ﻓﺎﻃِﻤﺔ‬ :‫ﻃﻮم‬ :‫ﻓﺎﻃِﻤﺔ‬ :‫ﻃﻮم‬ :‫ﻓﺎﻃِﻤﺔ‬ :‫ﻃﻮم‬ :‫ﻓﺎﻃِﻤﺔ‬ :‫ﻃﻮم‬ :‫ﻓﺎﻃِﻤﺔ‬ :‫ﻃﻮم‬ :‫ﻓﺎﻃِﻤﺔ‬ :‫ﻃﻮم‬ :‫ﻓﺎﻃِﻤﺔ‬

.‫ أﻧﺎ ﺧﺪّام ﻣ َﻊ هَﻴﺌَﺔ اﻟﺴَﻼم‬،‫ ﻻ‬:‫ﻃﻮم‬ .‫ ب اﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬:‫ﻓﺎﻃِﻤﺔ‬ .‫ ﻧﺸﻮﻓﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ‬:‫ﻃﻮم‬

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Lesson 8 Demonstrative Adjectives & Demonstrative Pronouns Demonstrative Pronouns this (masc.)

hada

‫هَﺪا‬

this (fem.)

hadi

‫هَﺪي‬

these (plur.)

hadu

‫هَﺪو‬

that (masc.)

hadak

‫هَﺪاك‬

that (fem.)

hadik

‫هَﺪﻳﻚ‬

those (plur.)

haduk

‫هَﺪوك‬

These forms may be used at the beginning of a sentence, in the middle or at the end of a sentence, or in questions. In Arabic, these pronouns can represent people. This is a chair.

hada kursi.

This is a table.

hadi ṭbla.

This is Abdallah.

hada Abdallah.

This is Aicha.

hadi Aicha.

What’s this? (masc. object)

šnu / aš hada?

What’s this? (fem. object)

šnu / aš hadi?

Who is this? (masc.)

škun hada?

Who is this? (fem.)

škun hadi?

What is that? (masc. object)

šnu / aš hadak?

Who is that? (fem.)

škun hadik?

.‫هَﺪا آُﺮﺳﻲ‬ .‫هَﺪي ﻃﺒﻠﺔ‬ .‫هَﺪا ﻋﺒﺪاﷲ‬ .‫هَﺪي ﻋﻴﺸﺔ‬ ‫ أش هَﺪا؟‬/ ‫ﺷﻨﻮ‬ ‫ أش هَﺪي؟‬/ ‫ﺷﻨﻮ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻮن هَﺪا؟‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻮن هَﺪي؟‬ ‫ أش هَﺪاك؟‬/ ‫ﺷﻨﻮ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻮن هَﺪﻳﻚ؟‬

Demonstrative Adjectives this/these (masc. / fem. / plur.)

had

‫هَﺪ‬

that (masc.)

dak

‫داك‬

that (fem.)

dik

‫دﻳﻚ‬

those (plur.)

duk

‫دوك‬

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Lesson 9 Mealtime Expressions In the name of God (said when you begin an activity: eating, drinking, working, studying, traveling, etc.).

Thanks to God (said after finishing a

bismillah

meal, or after expressing that all is well in life).

l-нamdullah

I don’t eat ... meat eggs fish chicken

ma-kan-akul-š...l-lнm l-biḍ l-нut d-djaj

I drink tea / coffee without sugar. kan-šrb atay / l-qhwa bla skkar.

‫ﺑِﺴ ِﻢ اﷲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤَﻤ ُﺪ اﷲ‬ ‫ اﻟﺤﻮت‬/ ‫ اﻟﺒﻴﺾ‬/ ‫ﻣﺎ آَﻨﺎآﻠﺶ اﻟﻠﺤﻢ‬ .‫ اﻟﺪﺟﺎج‬/ .‫ اﻟﻘﻬﻮة ﺑﻼ ﺳﻜَﺮ‬/ ‫آَﻨﺸﺮب أﺗﺎي‬ .‫آَﻨﺎآﻞ آُﻠﺸﻲ‬

I eat everything.

kan-akul kulši.

I eat vegetables only.

kan-akul ġir l-xoḍra.

I don’t feel like eating.

ma-fiya ma-y-akul.

I want just/only ...

bġit ġir ...

I don’t want to have breakfast.

ma-bġit-š n-fṭr.

.‫ﻣﺎ ﺑﻐﻴﺘﺶ ﻧﻔﻄﺮ‬

The food is delicious.

l-makla bnina.

.‫اﻟﻤﺎآﻠﺔ ﺑﻨﻴﻨﺔ‬

I’m full.

šb‫ع‬t.

I want to learn how to cook.

bġit n-t‫ع‬llm n-ṭiyb.

May God replenish / reward you. lla y-xlf. (said after a meal to thank host)

.‫آَﻨﺎآﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﺨﻀﺮة‬ .‫ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴّﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺎآُﻞ‬ ... ‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻏﻴﺮ‬

.‫ﺷﺒﻌﺖ‬ .‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﺘﻌﻠّﻢ ﻧﻄﻴّﺐ‬ .‫اﷲ ﻳﺨﻠﻒ‬

To your health (said to someone after eating, drinking, coming out of the hammam, wearing new clothes, having a hair cut, etc.)

May God grant you health too. (response to the above)

bṣsн ̣ нa. lla y-‫ع‬tik ṣsн ̣ нa

.‫ب اﻟﺼﺤّﺔ‬ .‫اﷲ ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻚ اﻟﺼﺤّﺔ‬

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Lesson 10 Thanking Expressions Thank you.

šukran.

‫ﺷُﻜﺮًا‬

You’re welcome.

bla jmil.

.‫ﺑﻼ ﺟﻤﻴﻞ‬ Page 20

Lesson 11 Expressions for Nighttime / Sleeping I’m tired. (male speaker)

ana ‫ع‬iyan.

.‫أﻧﺎ ﻋﻴّﺎن‬

I’m tired. (female speaker)

ana ‫ع‬iyana.

.‫أﻧﺎ ﻋﻴّﺎﻧﺔ‬

I want to read a little bit.

bġit n-qra šwiya.

I want to go to bed.

bġit n-n‫ع‬s.

Where I am going to sleep?

fin ġadi n-n‫ع‬s.

Excuse me, I want to go to bed.

smнu li, bġit n-mši n-n‫ع‬s.

(addressing a group of people)

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﻘﺮى ﺷﻮﻳﺔ‬ .‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧّﻌﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻦ ﻏﺎدي ﻧّﻌﺲ؟‬ .‫ ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﻤﺸﻲ ﻧّﻌﺲ‬،‫ﺳﻤﺤﻮ ﻟﻲ‬

I want to go to bed early.

bġit n-n‫ع‬s bkri.

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧّﻌﺲ ﺑﻜﺮي‬

I want to get up early.

bġit n-fiq bkri.

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﻔﻴﻖ ﺑﻜﺮي‬

I want a blanket.

bġit waнd l-manṭa.

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ واﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﺎﻧﻄﺔ‬

Lesson 12 Hygiene/Cleanliness Expressions I want to wash my hands with soap.

bġit n-ġsl yddi b ṣ-ṣabun.

I want to brush my teeth.

bġit n-ġsl snani.

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﻐﺴﻞ ﺳﻨﺎﻧﻲ‬

I want hot water, please.

bġit l-ma s-sxun ‫ع‬afak.

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﺎ اﻟﺴﺨﻮن‬

I want to take a shower.

bġit n-duwš.

I want to go to the hammam.

bġit n-mši l-нmmam.

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﻤﺸﻲ اﻟﺤﻤّﺎم‬

I want to change my clothes.

bġit n-bddl нwayji.

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﺒﺪّل ﺣﻮاﻳﺠﻲ‬

Where is the toilet?

fin bit l-ma?

I want to do laundry.

bġit n-ṣbbn нwayji.

Where can I do laundry?

fin ymkn n-ṣbbn нwayji.

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﻐﺴﻞ ﻳﺪّي ب اﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮن‬

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﺪوّش‬

‫ﻓﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﺎ؟‬ .‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﺼﺒّﻦ ﺣﻮاﻳﺠﻲ‬ .‫ﻓﻴﻦ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻧﺼﺒّﻦ ﺣﻮاﻳﺠﻲ‬ 11

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Lesson 13 Offering Help / Asking for Favors Can I help you?

weš n-‫ع‬awnk?

Excuse me. (to a man)

smн li.

.‫ﺳﻤﺢ ﻟﻲ‬

Excuse me. (to a woman)

smнi li.

.‫ﺳﻤﺤﻲ ﻟﻲ‬

Give me ... please.

‫ع‬ṭini ... ‫ع‬afak.

‫واش ﻧﻌﺎوﻧﻚ؟‬

.‫ ﻋَﻔﺎك‬... ‫ﻋﻄﻴﻨﻲ‬

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Lesson 14 Being Sick I’m sick. (male speaker)

ana mriḍ.

.‫أﻧﺎ ﻣﺮﻳﺾ‬

I’m sick. (female speaker)

ana mriḍa.

.‫أﻧﺎ ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺔ‬

I want to rest a bit.

bġit n-rtaн swiya.

Do you feel better?

briti šwiya?

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﺮﺗﺎح ﺳﻮﻳّﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻳﺘﻲ ﺷﻮﻳّﺔ؟‬

Lesson 15 Transportation Expressions I want to go to ...

bġit n-mši l ...

... ‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﻤﺸﻲ ل‬

Take me to ... please.

ddini l ... ‫ع‬afak.

.‫ ﻋَﻔﺎك‬... ‫دّﻳﻨﻲ ل‬

Stop here, please.

wqf hna ‫ع‬afak.

.‫وﻗﻒ هﻨﺎ ﻋَﻔﺎك‬

Is the meter on?

weš l-kuntur xddam?

‫واش اﻟﻜﻮﻧﺘﻮر ﺧﺪّام؟‬

Turn on the meter, please.

xddm l-kuntur ‫ع‬afak.

.‫ﺧﺪّم اﻟﻜﻮﻧﺘﻮر ﻋَﻔﺎك‬

Lesson 16 Responses to Problems/Difficulties/Apologies It’s not a problem.

maši muškil.

There is no problem.

ma-kayn muškil.

.‫ﻣﺎﺷﻲ ﻣُﺸﻜِﻞ‬ .‫ﻣﺎ آﺎﻳﻦ ﻣُﺸﻜِﻞ‬

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Lesson 17 Congratulations ‫ﻣﺒﺮوك‬

Congratulations.

mbruk

Happy holiday.

mbruk l-‫ع‬id.

.‫ﻣﺒﺮوك اﻟﻌﻴﺪ‬

May God grant you grace.

lla y-bark fik.

.‫اﷲ ﻳﺒﺎرك ﻓﻴﻚ‬

(response to the above)

Lesson 18 Communication I don’t understand.

ma-fhmt-š.

.‫ﻣﺎ ﻓﻬﻤﺘﺶ‬

I don’t know.

ma-n-‫ع‬rf.

.‫ﻣﺎ ﻧﻌﺮف‬

Slowly please.

b šwiya ‫ع‬afak.

Repeat please. (to a man)

‫ع‬awd ‫ع‬afak.

.‫ﻋﺎود ﻋَﻔﺎك‬

Repeat please. (to a woman)

‫ع‬awdi ‫ع‬afak.

.‫ﻋﺎودي ﻋَﻔﺎك‬

What did you say?

šnu glti?

.‫ب ﺷﻮﻳﺔ ﻋَﻔﺎك‬

‫ﺷﻨﻮ ﮔﻠﺘﻲ؟‬

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Lesson 19 Numerals Numbers 1 thru 10 In Moroccan Arabic, there are two ways to combine the numbers 3 through 10 with an object. We sometimes use the “full” or normal form of the number, and sometimes we use a “short” form of the number. Here is a table listing the full form of numbers 1-10 and the short form of numbers 3-10.

Full Forms

Short Forms

one (masc.)

waнd

‫واﺣﺪ‬

Ø

Ø

one (fem.)

wнda

‫وﺣﺪة‬

Ø

Ø

two

juj

‫ﺟﻮج‬

Ø

Ø

three

tlata

‫ﺗﻼﺗﺔ‬

tlt

‫ﺗﻠﺖ‬

four

rb‫ع‬a

‫رﺑﻌﺔ‬

rb‫ع‬

‫رﺑﻊ‬

five

xmsa

‫ﺧﻤﺴﺔ‬

xms

six

stta

‫ﺳﺘّﺔ‬

stt

‫ﺖ‬ ّ ‫ﺳ‬

seven

sb‫ع‬a

‫ﺳﺒﻌﺔ‬

sb‫ع‬

‫ﺳﺒﻊ‬

eight

tmnya

‫ﺗﻤﻨﻴﺔ‬

tmn

‫ﺗﻤﻦ‬

nine

ts‫ع‬ud

‫ﺗﺴﻌﻮد‬

ts‫ع‬

‫ﺗﺴﻊ‬

ten

‫ع‬šra

‫ﻋﺸﺮة‬

‫ع‬šr

‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬

‫ﺧﻤﺲ‬

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Lesson 20 Numbers 11 thru 19 The numbers 11 thru 19 do not have a short form. Only numbers 3 thru 10 have a short form. eleven

нḍaš

‫ﺣﻀﺎش‬

twelve

ṭnaš

‫ﻃﻨﺎش‬

thirteen

tlṭaš

‫ﺗﻠﻄﺎش‬

fourteen

rb‫ع‬ṭaš

‫رﺑﻌﻄﺎش‬

fifteen

xmsṭaš

‫ﺧﻤﺴﻄﺎش‬

sixteen

sṭṭaš

seventeen

sb‫ع‬ṭaš

‫ﺳﺒﻌﻄﺎش‬

eighteen

tmnṭaš

‫ﺗﻤﻨﻄﺎش‬

nineteen

ts‫ع‬ṭaš

‫ﺗﺴﻌﻄﺎش‬

‫ﺳﻄّﺎش‬

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Lesson 21 Numbers 20, 30, 40 ... 99 For a multiple of ten (20, 30, 40 etc.) in Arabic, we simply use the name for that number, like in English. For numbers such as 21, 22, or 23, however, it is not like English. In Arabic, the “ones” digit is pronounced first, followed by the word “and,” then followed by the “tens” digit. For example, in Arabic the number 21 is literally “one and twenty” while the number 47 is literally “seven and forty.” Also, remember that for the numbers 22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72, 82, and 92, we do not use juj. Rather, we use tnayn. Here is a list of the multiples of ten, with examples of numbers between each multiple: twenty

‫ع‬šrin

‫ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬

twenty-one literally: one and twenty

waнd u ‫ع‬šrin

‫واﺣﺪ و ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬

twenty-two literally: two and twenty

tnayn u ‫ع‬šrin

‫ﺗﻨَﻴﻦ و ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬

twenty-three literally: three and twenty

tlata u ‫ع‬šrin

‫ﺗﻼﺗﺔ و ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬

twenty-four

rb‫ع‬a u ‫ع‬šrin

‫رﺑﻌﺔ و ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬

Remember: “tnayn,” not “juj”

thirty

‫ﺗﻼﺗﻴﻦ‬

tlatin

thirty-one

waнd u tlatin

‫واﺣﺪ و ﺗﻼﺗﻴﻦ‬

thirty-two

tnayn u tlatin

‫ﺗﻨَﻴﻦ و ﺗﻼﺗﻴﻦ‬

thirty-three

tlata u tlatin

‫ﺗﻼﺗﺔ و ﺗﻼﺗﻴﻦ‬

forty

‫رﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬

rb‫ع‬in

forty-one

waнd u rb‫ع‬in

‫واﺣﺪ و رﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬

forty-two

tnayn u rb‫ع‬in

‫ﺗﻨَﻴﻦ و رﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺴﻴﻦ‬

fifty

xmsin

sixty

sttin

‫ﺳﺘّﻴﻦ‬

seventy

sb‫ع‬in

‫ﺳﺒﻌﻴﻦ‬

eighty

tmanin

‫ﺗﻤﺎﻧﻴﻦ‬

ninety

ts‫ع‬in

‫ﺗﺴﻌﻴﻦ‬

ninety-nine

ts‫ع‬ud u ts‫ع‬in

‫ﺗﺴﻌﻮد و ﺗﺴﻌﻴﻦ‬

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Lesson 22 Time To express time, we use the demonstrative pronoun hadi and the appropriate number with the definite article. This means that for 1:00, 5:00, 10:00, and 11:00, we will use the letter l (‫ )ل‬before the number, while for the others, we will double the first consonant. one

l-wнda

‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة‬

seven

s-sb‫ع‬a

‫اﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ‬

two

j-juj

‫اﻟﺠﻮج‬

eight

t-tmnya

‫اﻟﺘﻤﻨﻴﺔ‬

three

t-tlata

‫اﻟﺘﻼﺗﺔ‬

nine

t-ts‫ع‬ud

‫اﻟﺘﺴﻌﻮد‬

four

r-rb‫ع‬a

‫اﻟﺮﺑﻌﺔ‬

ten

l-‫ع‬šra

‫اﻟﻌﺸﺮة‬

five

l-xmsa

‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬

eleven

l-нḍaš

‫اﻟﺤﻀﺎش‬

six

s-stta

‫اﻟﺴﺘّﺔ‬

twelve

ṭ-ṭnaš

‫اﻟﻄﻨﺎش‬

Like in English, Arabic uses certain words to express things like “quarter to five,” “half past seven,” etc. before

ql

‫ﻗﻞ‬

and

u

‫و‬

exactly

nišan

quarter

rb‫ع‬

‫ﻧﻴﺸﺎن‬ ‫رﺑﻊ‬

twenty minutes

tulut

‫ُﺗﻠُﺖ‬

half

nṣ

‫ﻧﺺ‬

quarter to

lla rob

five minutes

qṣm

ten minutes

qṣmayn

‫ﻻ رُب‬ ّ ‫ﻗﺼﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﻤَﻴﻦ‬

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Lesson 23 Some examples of asking and answering about time: What time is it?

šнal hadi f s-sa‫ع‬a?

It is exactly one o’clock.

hadi l-wнda nišan.

It is five minutes past two.

hadi j-juj u qṣm.

It is ten minutes past three.

hadi t-tlata u qṣmayn.

It is a quarter past four.

hadi r-rb‫ع‬a u rb‫ع‬.

hadi l-xmsa u tulut. hadi s-stta u xmsa u It is twenty-five minutes past six. ‫ع‬šrin. hadi s-sb‫ع‬a u nṣ. It is seven thirty. It is twenty minutes past five.

It is eight thirty-five.

hadi tmnya u xmsa u tlatin.

It is twenty minutes to nine.

hadi t-ts‫ع‬ud ql tulut.

It is a quarter to ten.

hadi l-‫ع‬šra lla rob.

It is ten minutes to eleven

hadi l-нḍaš ql qṣmayn.

It is five minutes to twelve.

hadi ṭ-ṭnaš ql qṣm.

6:30 A.M.

s-stta u nṣ d ṣ-ṣbaн

5:15 P.M.

l-xmsa u rb‫ ع‬d l-‫ع‬šiya

‫ﺷﺤﺎل هَﺪي ف اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ؟‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﻮﺣﺪة ﻧﻴﺸﺎن‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﺠﻮج و ﻗﺼﻢ‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﺘﻼﺗﺔ و ﻗﺼﻤَﻴﻦ‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﺮﺑﻌﺔ و رﺑﻊ‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ و ُﺗﻠُﺖ‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﺴﺘّﺔ و ﺧﻤﺴﺔ و ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ و ﻧﺺ‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﺘﻤﻨﻴﺔ و ﺧﻤﺴﺔ و ﺗﻼﺗﻴﻦ‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﺘﺴﻌﻮد ﻗﻞ ُﺗﻠُﺖ‬ .‫ﻻ رُب‬ ّ ‫هَﺪي اﻟﻌﺸﺮة‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﺤﻀﺎش ﻗﻞ ﻗﺼﻤَﻴﻦ‬ .‫هَﺪي اﻟﻄﻨﺎش ﻗﻞ ﻗﺼﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺘّﺔ و ﻧﺺ د اﻟﺼﺒﺎح‬ .‫اﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ و رﺑﻊ د اﻟﻌﺸﻴﺔ‬

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Lesson 24 At the Hanoot Vocabulary ‫ﺣﺎﻧﻮت‬

peanuts

kaw kaw

‫ﻣﻮل اﻟﺤﺎﻧﻮت‬

almonds

l-luz

bottle

l-qr‫ع‬a

bottle of water

qr‫ع‬a d l-ma

Kleenex

kliniks

‫اﻟﻤﺴﻜﺔ‬

toilet paper

ppapiyi jinik

l-biskwi

‫اﻟﺒِﺴﻜﻮي‬

tooth paste

dontifris

‫دوﻧﺘِﻔﺮﻳﺲ‬

juice

l-‫ع‬aṣir

‫اﻟﻌَﺼﻴﺮ‬

soap

ṣ-ṣabun

‫اﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮن‬

bread

l-xubz

‫اﻟﺨُﺒﺰ‬

shampoo

š-šampwan

‫اﻟﺸَﻤﺒﻮان‬

jam

l-konfitur

‫اﻟﻜُﻨﻔِﺘﻮر‬

detergent

tid

butter

z-zbda

bleach

javel

eggs

l-biḍ

batteries

l-нjrat d r-radyu

yogurt

danon

razor

r-razwar

milk

l-нlib

tobacco store

ṣ-ṣaka

‫اﻟﺼﺎآﺔ‬

coffee

l-qhwa

cigarettes

l-garru

‫اﻟﮕﺎرّو‬

tea

atay

package(s)

bakiya(t)

sugar

s-skkar

cheese

l-frmaj

‫اﻟﻔﺮﻣﺎج‬

money

l-flus

‫اﻟﻔﻠﻮس‬

oil

z-zit

‫اﻟﺰﻳﺖ‬

change

ṣ-ṣrf

‫اﻟﺼﺮف‬

store

нanut

store keeper

mul l-нanut

soda

l-monada

chocolate

š-šklaṭ

‫اﻟﺸﻜﻼط‬

candies

l-нlwa

‫اﻟﺤﻠﻮة‬

gum

l-mska

cookies

‫اﻟﻤﻮﻧﺎدا‬

‫اﻟﺰﺑﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺾ‬ ‫داﻧﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻠﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻬﻮة‬ ‫أﺗﺎي‬

‫آﺎو آﺎو‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻮز‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻋﺔ د اﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫آِﻠﻨِﻜﺲ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﭘﻴﱢﻲ ﺟِﻨﻴﻚ‬

‫ﺗﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﭬﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺠﺮات د‬ ‫اﻟﺮادﻳﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺮازوار‬

‫ ﺑﻜﻴﺎت‬/ ‫ﺑﺎآﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻜﱠﺮ‬

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Lesson 25 Shopping Expressions ‫ ؟‬... ‫واش ﻋﻨﺪك‬

Do you have ... ?

weš ‫ع‬ndk ... ?

Yes, I do (have).

iyeh, ‫ع‬ndi.

No, I don’t (have).

lla, ma-‫ع‬ndi-š.

.‫ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻳﺶ‬،‫ﻻ‬

Is there ... ?

weš kayn ... ?

‫ ؟‬... ‫واش آﺎﻳﻦ‬

Yes, there is. (masc.)

iyeh, kayn / mujud

Yes, there is. (fem.)

iyeh, kayna / mujuda

No, there isn’t. (masc.)

lla, ma-kayn-š.

‫ ﻣﺎ آﺎﻳﻨﺶ‬،‫ﻻ‬

No, there isn’t. (fem.)

lla, ma-kayna-š.

‫ ﻣﺎآﺎﻳﻨﺎش‬،‫ﻻ‬

Give me ... please.

‫ع‬ṭini ... ‫ع‬afak.

What do you want ma’am / sir?

šnu bġiti a lalla/sidi?

How much?

bšнal?

Do you have change?

weš ‫ع‬ndk ṣ-ṣrf?

Do you have change for ... ?

weš ‫ع‬ndk ṣ-ṣrf dyal..?

.‫ ﻋﻨﺪي‬،‫إﻳﻪ‬

‫ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬/ ‫ آﺎﻳﻦ‬،‫إﻳﻪ‬ ‫ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬/ ‫ آﺎﻳﻨﺔ‬،‫إﻳﻪ‬

.‫ ﻋَﻔﺎك‬... ‫ﻋﻄﻴﻨﻲ‬ ‫ ﺳﻴﺪي؟‬/ ‫ﺷﻨﻮ ﺑﻐﻴﺘﻲ أ ﻟَﻼ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺤﺎل‬ ‫واش ﻋﻨﺪك اﻟﺼﺮف؟‬ ‫ ؟‬... ‫واش ﻋﻨﺪك اﻟﺼﺮف دﻳﺎل‬

Liters

‫إﺗﺮو‬

liter

itru

¼ liter

rubu‫ ع‬itru

‫ُرﺑُﻊ إﺗﺮو‬

½ liter

nṣ itru

‫ﻧﺺ إﺗﺮو‬

1 liter

waнd itru

‫واﺣﺪ إﺗﺮو‬

2 liters

juj itru

‫ﺟﻮج إﺗﺮو‬

I want ½ a liter of milk.

bġit nṣ itru d l-нlib.

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ ﻧﺺ إﺗﺮو د اﻟﺤﻠﻴﺐ‬

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Lesson 26 Shopping : practice dialogue

Dialogue Karla: s-salamu ‫ع‬alaykum. mul l-нanut: wa ‫ع‬alaykum s-salam. šnu bġiti a lalla? Karla: weš ‫ع‬ndk šklaṭ? mul l-нanut: iyeh, mujud a lalla. Karla: ‫ع‬ṭini juj bakiyat. bšнal? mul l-нanut: ṭnaš l drhm. Karla: hak, barak llah u fik. mul l-нanut: bla jmil 1. feen kayna Karla? 2. weš šrat l-нlib? 3. šnu šrat mn l-нanut? 4. šнal mn bakiya? 5. bšнal?

‫ﻋﻠَﻴﻜُﻢ‬ َ ‫ اﻟﺴَﻼ ُم‬:‫آﺎرﻻ‬ ‫ ﺷﻨﻮ ﺑﻐﻴﺘﻲ أ َﻟﻼّ؟‬.‫ﻋﻠَﻴﻜُﻢ اﻟﺴَﻼم‬ َ ‫ َو‬:‫ﻣﻮل اﻟﺤﺎﻧﻮت‬ ‫ واش ﻋﻨﺪك ﺷﻜﻼط؟‬:‫آﺎرﻻ‬ .‫ﻼ‬ ّ ‫ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد أ َﻟ‬،‫ إﻳﻪ‬:‫ﻣﻮل اﻟﺤﺎﻧﻮت‬ ‫ ﺑﺸﺤﺎل؟‬.‫ ﻋﻄﻴﻨﻲ ﺟﻮج ﺑَﻜﻴﺎت‬:‫آﺎرﻻ‬ .‫ ﻃﻨﺎش ل درهﻢ‬:‫ﻣﻮل اﻟﺤﺎﻧﻮت‬ .‫ ﺑﺎرَك اﷲ و ﻓﻴﻚ‬،‫ هﺎك‬:‫آﺎرﻻ‬ .‫ ﺑﻼ ﺟﻤﻴﻞ‬:‫ﻣﻮل اﻟﺤﺎﻧﻮت‬ ‫ ﻓﻴﻦ آﺎﻳﻨﺔ آﺎرﻻ؟‬.1 ‫ واش ﺷﺮات اﻟﺤﻠﻴﺐ؟‬.2 ‫ ﺷﻨﻮ ﺷﺮات ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺎﻧﻮت؟‬.3 ‫ ﺷﺤﺎل ﻣﻦ ﺑَﻜﻴﺔ؟‬.4 ‫ ﺑﺸﺤﺎل؟‬.5

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Peace Corps / Morocco • P a ge 3 6

Lesson 27 Verb “to want” In Moroccan Arabic, the verb “to want” is bġa (TT‫)ﺑﻐﻰ‬. This verb uses the past tense but has a present tense meaning. When conjugated in the present tense, bġa means “to like.” . I want

bġit

‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ‬

you want (sing.)

bġiti

‫ﺑﻐﻴﺘﻲ‬

he wants

bġa

‫ﺑﻐﻰ‬

she wants

bġat

‫ﺑﻐﺎت‬

we want

bġina

‫ﺑﻐﻴﻨﺎ‬

you want (plur.)

bġitu

‫ﺑﻐﻴﺘﻮ‬

they want

bġau

‫ﺑﻐﺎو‬

Verb + Noun Examples I want tea.

bġit atay.

Do you want coffee with sugar?

weš bġiti l-qhwa b skkar?

Ali wants a glass of water.

Ali bġa kas d l-ma.

Driss and Fatima don’t want soda.

Driss u Fatima ma-bġau-š l-monada.

.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺖ أﺗﺎي‬ ‫واش ﺑﻐﻴﺘﻲ اﻟﻘﻬﻮة ب اﻟﺴﻜﱠﺮ؟‬ .‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻐﻰ آﺎس د اﻟﻤﺎ‬ .‫درﻳﺲ و ﻓﺎﻃِﻤﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻐﺎوش اﻟﻤﻮﻧﺎدا‬

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Lesson 28 Family Members Vocabulary / ‫ﻧﺴﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺎب‬

‫ﻣﺮا‬

in-law(s)

nsib / nsab

rajl

‫راﺟﻞ‬

step-son

rbib

‫رﺑﻴﺐ‬

girl/daughter

bnt

‫ﺑﻨﺖ‬

step-daughter

rbiba

‫رﺑﻴﺒﺔ‬

boy/son

wld

‫وﻟﺪ‬

grandfather

jdd

‫ﺟ ّﺪ‬

girls/daughters

bnat

‫ﺑﻨﺎت‬

grandmother

jdda

‫ﺟﺪّة‬

boys/sons/ children

wlad

‫وﻻد‬

uncle (paternal)

‫ع‬mm

‫ﻋ ّﻢ‬

the parents

l-walidin

aunt (paternal)

‫ع‬mma

‫ﻋﻤّﺔ‬

uncle (maternal)

xal

‫ﺧﺎل‬

aunt (maternal)

xala

‫ﺧﺎﻟﺔ‬

my nephew (brother’s side)

wld xuya

‫وﻟﺪ ﺧﻮﻳﺎ‬

my niece (brother’s side)

bnt xuya

‫ﺑﻨﺖ ﺧﻮﻳﺎ‬

my nephew (sister’s side)

wld xti

‫وﻟﺪ ﺧﺘﻲ‬

my niece (sister’s side)

bnt xti

‫ﺑﻨﺖ ﺧﺘﻲ‬

my cousin (mas., paternal)

wld ‫ع‬mm(t)i

woman/wife

mra

man/husband

‫اﻟﻮاﻟِﺪﻳﻦ‬

the father

l'ab

‫اﻷَب‬

the mother

l'om

‫اﻷُم‬

the brother

l'ax

‫اﻷَخ‬

the sister

l'oxt

‫اﻷُﺧﺖ‬

(my) brother

These forms are rarely used in Moroccan Arabic. Sometimes they are used with “dyal.” More often, we use the forms “my father, “my sister,” etc.

xu(ya)

brothers/ siblings xut (my) sister

xt(i)

sisters

xwatat

‫ﺧﻮﻳﺎ‬

‫وﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤّﺘﻲ‬/‫ﻋﻤّﻲ‬

my cousin wld xal(t)i (mas., maternal)

‫وﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﺘﻲ‬/‫ﺧﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫ﺧﺘﻲ‬

my cousin (fem, paternal)

bnt ‫ع‬mm(t)i

‫ﺑﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤّﺘﻲ‬/‫ﻋﻤّﻲ‬

‫ﺧﻮَﺗﺎت‬

my cousin (fem, maternal)

bnt xal(t)i

‫ﺑﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﺘﻲ‬/‫ﺧﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫ﺧﻮت‬

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‫ﺑّﺎ‬

my mother

mmi

‫ﻣّﻲ‬

your mother

mmk

‫ﻣّﻚ‬

‫ﺑّﺎﻩ‬

his mother

mmu

‫ﻣّﻮ‬

‫ﺑّﺎهﺎ‬

her mother

mha

‫ﻣﻬﺎ‬

my father

bba

your father

bbak

‫ﺑّﺎك‬

his father

bbah

her father

bbaha

Page 39

Lesson 29 Family Expressions How is Mohamed related to you?

aš kay-jeek Mohamed?

‫أش آَﻴﺠﻴﻚ ُﻣﺤَﻤﺪ؟‬

How is Amina related to you?

aš kat-jeek Amina?

‫أش آَﺘﺠﻴﻚ أﻣﻴﻨﺔ؟‬

My mom doesn’t work.

mmi ma-xddama-š.

.‫ﻣّﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺧﺪّاﻣﺎش‬

My mom and dad are divorced.

bba u mmi mṭllqin.

.‫ﺑّﺎ و ﻣّﻲ ﻣﻄﻠّﻘﻴﻦ‬

I have two twin siblings.

‫ع‬ndi juj xut twam.

.‫ﻋﻨﺪي ﺟﻮج ﺧﻮت ﺗﻮام‬

How many siblings do you have?

šнal d l-xut ‫ع‬ndk?

‫ﺷﺤﺎل د اﻟﺨﻮت ﻋﻨﺪك؟‬

How many sisters do you have?

šнal mn oxt ‫ع‬ndk?

‫ﺷﺤﺎل ﻣﻦ أُﺧﺖ ﻋﻨﺪك؟‬

What’s your father’s name?

šnu smit bbak?

‫ﺷﻨﻮ ﺳﻤﻴﺔ ﺑّﺎك؟‬

How old is your brother?

šнal f ‫ع‬mr xuk?

‫ﺷﺤﺎل ف ﻋﻤﺮ ﺧﻮك؟‬

I have a younger brother.

‫ع‬ndi xuya ṣġr mnni.

My (male) cousin and I are the same age.

ana u wld ‫ع‬mmi qd qd.

My older sister is a teacher.

xti lli kbr mnni ustada.

My younger brother goes to school.

xuya lli ṣġr mnni kay-qra.

.‫ﻋﻨﺪي ﺧﻮﻳﺎ ﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻨّﻲ‬ .‫أﻧﺎ و وﻟﺪ ﻋﻤّﻲ ﻗﺪ ﻗﺪ‬ .‫ﺧﺘﻲ اﻟﻠﻲ آﺒﺮ ﻣﻨّﻲ أُﺳﺘﺎدة‬ .‫ﺧﻮﻳﺎ اﻟﻠﻲ ﺻﻐﺮ ﻣﻨّﻲ آَﻴﻘﺮى‬

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Lesson 30 Practice Text smiti John. baba smitu Stephen u mama smitha Judy. ‫ع‬ndi tlata d l-xut: juj bnat u wld. xuya smitu Brian. huwa xddam f waнd š-šarika. xti Kathy. mzuwja u ‫ع‬ndha jooj drari: wld u bnt. l-wld mazal ṣġir ‫ع‬ndu tlt šhur. l-bnt ‫ع‬ndha tmn sneen u kat-mši l l-mdrasa. xti ṣ-ṣġira, Mary, mazal kat-qra f l-jami‫ع‬a. 1. bat John, šnu smitu? 2. u mmu, šnu smitha? 3. šнal d l-xut ‫ع‬nd John? 4. škun ṣ-ṣġir f l-‫ع‬a'ila d John? 5. weš bnt xt John xddama?

‫ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻮ ﺳﺘﻴﻔﻦ و ﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬.‫ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻲ دﺟﻮن‬ .‫ ﺟﻮج ﺑﻨﺎت و وﻟﺪ‬:‫ ﻋﻨﺪي ﺗﻼﺗﺔ د اﻟﺨﻮت‬.‫دﺟﻮدي‬ ‫ ﺧﺘﻲ‬.‫ﺸﺮِآﺔ‬ َ ‫ ُه َﻮ ﺧﺪّام ف واﺣﺪ اﻟ‬.‫ﺧﻮﻳﺎ ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻮ ﺑﺮﻳﺎن‬ .‫ وﻟﺪ و ﺑﻨﺖ‬:‫ ﻣﺰوّﺟﺔ و ﻋﻨﺪهﺎ ﺟﻮج دراري‬.‫آﺎﺛﻲ‬ ‫ اﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻋﻨﺪهﺎ ﺗﻤﻦ‬.‫اﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﺎزال ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﻨﺪو ﺗﻠﺖ ﺷﻬﻮر‬ ،‫ ﻣﺎري‬،‫ ﺧﺘﻲ اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮة‬.‫ﺳﻨﻴﻦ و آَﺘﻤﺸﻲ ل اﻟﻤﺪرَﺳﺔ‬ .‫ﻣﺎزال آَﺘﻘﺮى ف اﻟﺠﺎﻣِﻌﺔ‬ ‫ ﺷﻨﻮ ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻮ؟‬،‫ ﺑﺎت دﺟﻮن‬.1 ‫ ﺷﻨﻮ ﺳﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ؟‬،‫ و ﻣّﻮ‬.2 ‫ ﺷﺤﺎل د اﻟﺨﻮت ﻋﻨﺪ دﺟﻮن؟‬.3 ‫ ﺷﻜﻮن اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ ف اﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﺔ د دﺟﻮن؟‬.4 ‫ واش ﺑﻨﺖ ﺧﺖ دﺟﻮن ﺧﺪّاﻣﺔ؟‬.5

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