Contributions towards a grammar and dictionary of Quichua, the language of the Yncas of Peru

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L. rel.

2163

Markham

GRAMMAR AND DICTIONARY

OF

QUICHUA.

CONTRIBUTIONS

TOWARDS A

GRAMMAR

AND

DICTIONARY

OF

QUICHUA,

The Language of the Incas of Peru.

COLLECTED BY

CLEMENTS R. MARKHAM, F.S.A. , F.R.G.S. SECRETARY TO THE ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY ; HONORARY SECRETARY TO THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY ; FOREIGN MEMBER OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF BERLIN ; CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHILE ; AUTHOR OF " CUZCO AND LIMA," AND " TRAVELS IN PERU AND INDIA."

LONDON :

TRÜBNER & CO., 60, PATERNOSTER ROW. 1864 .

KIBLIOTERSA RNA

TO HIS EXCELLENCY

GENERAL DON MANUEL DE LA GUARDA, MINISTER OF WAR AND MARINE

IN THE REPUBLIC OF PERU, Who has ever taken a sincere interest in the welfare of that ancient city of the Yncas, over which he once so worthily presided as Prefect, This work is inscribed in memory of much kindness and hospitality received from him in Cuzco, By his Friend and Servant, THE AUTHOR.

London, November 1863.

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Pallani Pallcca Pallcca- mayu

Pallhuani Palta

Pampa

Puru-pampa Pana Panapas Paña Pancca

Panccu . Panchi

153

. To choose ; set apart Escoger · Branch of a tree Ramo • The arms into which Brazos de un rio a river divides finish work To • Acabar obra • (Persea gratissima, Palta R. P.) Alligator pear • A plain Campo ; llano Desert Despoblado Sister of a brother Hermana de hermano Although Aunque • Right hand Mano derecho A leaf; the leaves Las hojas que cucovering an ear of bren la mazorca maize Cold meat Fiambre A tall malvaceous tree in the forests of

Caravaya. The bark is used to make girdles Panchini • To open (flowers) Abrir (la flor) Panchin- tuctu • Primavera Spring season Pancuncu · A torch Hacha Panqui • R. P.) So called in (Gunnera scabra, Muña Panra • Rude ; foolish Rudo ; tonto Pantani . To mistake ; to err Errar Panti-panti · (Lasiandra Fontanesiana ). A beautiful shrub in the mountains of Caravaya

154

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Papi Paquini . Para

Para Paray-mitta Parhampuy Parhuay Paria

Parihuana Paru -sara

Pascani . Pasña

Paspa Pasu

Injured by moisture Dañado de humedad . To break • Rain

Romper Lluvia

• It rains

Llueve

Rainy season Tiempo de aguas . (Smilax Purhampuy, R. P.) or sarsaparilla Flor ne maiz • Flower of maize • A sort of sparrow Gorrion (Chrysomitris Magellanica) Flamenco . A flamingo Thepart ofthe maize Parte mas tostado which has been del maiz most toasted To loosen ; untie

Desatar

• Wench; servantgirl Muchacha; criada Grieta • A wrinkle Widower

Viudo

Hill ; step ; bench Half

Cerro; grada;poyo Mitad

Patpa Patta

Wing; feather

Ala; pluma

Paucar

Beautifully colour- Prado florido ed ; a flowery meadow

Pata

Patma

Paucar-ccori

Paucar-cuna

Collection ; gather- Union de muchos ing

Bright plumage · Parti-coloured

Plumaje brillante Diversidad de colores

INTRODUCTORY.

THE following contributions towards a grammar and dictionary of the Quichua language have been gradually collected during a course of years in which my attention has been more or less turned to the land of the Yncas.

Two visits to Peru, in

1853 and 1860 , have given me good opportunities of working to some purpose in this field of research. The Quichua language had its cradle in the districts round the ancient city of Cuzco ; and, as is well known, it was the policy of the Yncas of Peru to introduce it into every country which they conquered.

Thus its use was gradually

extended over the vast region from Quito to the confines of Chile and Tucuman , which formed the Empire of the Yncas . Indeed, the conquered The

tribes nearly all spoke dialects of Quichua.

people of Quito used a language which differed scarcely at all from that of the Yncas.

In the B 6

2

INTRODUCTORY.

northern and central parts of the sierra of Peru, the Chinchay-suyu was spoken, also a mere dialect of Quichua.

The Yunca was the language

of the Peruvian coast, the Lama of the tribes near the great river Huallaga, and the Ccauqui of the people of Yauyos in central Peru .

Round

the shores of lake Titicaca, the Aymara language is spoken, from the village of Paucar- colla, twelve miles north of Puno, to the southern part of the modern republic of Bolivia .

Aymara is certainly

very distinct from Quichua in sound, and many of the words are different, but a large proportion are the same, and the grammatical structure of the two languages is identical .

Further south,

the Calchaqui, spoken in Tucuman, is a dialect of Aymara.

With the exception of the Lama,

which is a branch of the great Tupi family of languages, all these Peruvian tongues come from one common stock, and Quichua may be looked upon as the elder sister and representative of the group.

During the period of Ynca ascendancy,

Quichua superseded all the other dialects as the language of the governing race ; it was the language of a people far advanced in civilization ; it was assiduously cultivated by learned men for

INTRODUCTORY. several centuries ;

and it

3

may, therefore, be

selected as the most perfect of the extensive American group of languages .

Hence its im-

portance to the philologist. He who travels in the land of the Yncas, and sees the rapid diminution of the aboriginal population, and the constantly increasing corruption of their ancient tongue through the substitution of Spanish for Quichua words, the introduction of Spanish idioms, and the loss of all purity of style, cannot but feel that the language, once so flourishing, which was used by a polished court, and a well established government, which was spoken throughout the extent of a vast empire, is now fast disappearing.

Ere long, perhaps, it

will fade away entirely from the memory of living generations. With it will disappear the richest form of the great American group of languages, no small loss to the student of philology.

With it will be lost

all the traditions which yet remain of the old glory of the Yncas, all the poems, elegies, and love songs which stamp the character of a once happy people.

The South American Spaniards in Peru have

4 .

INTRODUCTORY .

paid some attention to the literature and history of the aborigines .

The late Don Mariano Rivero

carefully studied the antiquities of Peru , and published a valuable work on the subject (Antiguedades Peruanas) .

The curas, also, of some of

the parishes in the interior, especially Dr. Dasa of Pucara, Dr. Rosas of Chinchero, and the late Dr. Justiniani of Laris, a descendant of the Yncas, were excellent Quichua scholars, but their knowledge dies with them. But it is to the exertions of the active and zealous ecclesiastics of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries that the advances in the knowledge of Quichua are chiefly due.

They studied

the " Lingua General del Peru" most assiduously, and left the following grammars and dictionaries as the fruits of their labours.

1. A grammar of the language of the Indians of Peru, by Friar Domingo de San Tomas, of the order of St. Domingo, a resident in that country, printed in Valladolid, 1560 ; with a vocabulary of the language of Peru, called Quichua, as an appendix. Very scarce. This friar was the first doctor who graduated in the university of Lima. 2. A grammar and vocabulary of the language

INTRODUCTORY .

5

called Quichua, by Antonio Ricardo. 1586.

Lima,

Very scarce.

3. A grammar and vocabulary of the Quichua language, by Diego de Torres Rubio . 1603.

Seville,

A second edition printed in Lima, 1619 .

A third edition, with a vocabulary of the Chinchaysuyu dialect and many additions , edited by Juan de Figueredo.

Lima, 1700.

(There is a

copy of this edition in the library of the Royal Geographical Society .)

A fourth edition, with

Figueredo's additions, and Lima, 1754.

further

additions.

(A copy of this edition is in my

possession. ) 4. Vocabulary of the Quichua language, by Friar Juan Martinez.

Lima, 1604.

Only one

copy in Europe, and very few in Peru.

This is

said to be the most copious dictionary of the Quichua language ever printed in Spanish times. 5. Vocabulary of the general language of all Peru, called Quichua or of the Inca, by Diego Gonzalez Holguin, 1608.

(There is a copy in

the public library at Lima .) same author.

Lima, 1614.

Grammar, by the A second edition of

the grammar was published at Lima in 1842.

copy of this edition is in my possession. )

(A

INTRODUCTORY .

6

6. Quichua grammar, by Don Alonzo de Huerta.

Lima, 1616.

7. Grammar of the Indian language, by Diego de Olmos .

Lima, 1633.

8. Grammar of the Yunca language of the Bishopric of Truxillo, by Fernando de Carrera, Cura of Chiclayo . 9. Grammar of the language of the Indians of Peru, by Don Juan Roxo Mexia y Ocon, a native of Cuzco.

Lima, 1648.

10. Grammar of the Quichua, by Estevan Sancho de Melgar.

Lima, 1691 .

Of modern writers, we owe most to that eminent German traveller, Dr. von Tschudi, whose Kechua Sprache contains a grammar and dictionary of the Quichua language, and some specimens of composition. The language was cultivated to some extent in Spanish viceregal times, by others besides grammarians .

There was a professor's chair for the

Quichua language in the university at Lima, whose first occupier was one Don Juan de Bạlboa, a Peruvian by birth.

Señor Palomino, in

1646, published a translation into Quichua of one of the works of Cardinal Bellarmine : and, in

INTRODUCTORY.

7

1648, Dr. Avendaño printed several sermons in Quichua.

Dr. Lunarejo, * a rector of the univer-

sity of Cuzco, and other scholars, have printed Quichua songs from time to time ; and Dr. Valdez, cura of Sicuani, wrote a drama called Ollantay, into

which

several ancient songs are

incorporated. The drama of Ollantay is the best known work in the Quichua language, and the text of it is printed at the end of Dr. von Tschudi's Kechua Sprache.

For an account of the plot, and some

translations , I would refer the inquirer to chapter VI of my work Cuzco and Lima ; and for some account of the author, Dr. Valdez, to my Travels in Peru and India, page 139 (note) , and page 166 (note). During my visits to Peru in 1853 and 1860, I endeavoured to obtain a complete vocabulary of the rich and expressive language of the Yncas. After having collected as many words as possible from the mouths of Indians, and of curas learned in the language, I collated my lists with the an-

* A nickname, from a moon-shaped scar in his face. He flourished during the time of the viceroy Count of Lemos (1667-74) , and was a great preacher.

INTRODUCTORY .

8

cient dictionary of the Jesuit Holguin in the public library at Lima, with the vocabularies in the editions of Torres Rubio, and with the dictionary in Von Tschudi's Kechua Sprache, adding such words as were not already contained in my lists .

I have also added such Quichua words as

are given in Garcilasso de la Vega, Acosta, and Velasco, and in the botanical works of Ruiz and Pavon, and of Haenke.

The short grammar

which precedes my dictionary is founded on those of Holguin and Torres Rubio. Quichua literature, in the time of the Yncas, had been carefully cultivated for centuries, not only by the Haravecs or bards in their love ditties and songs of triumph, but by the Amautas, whose duty it was to preserve the traditions of the people, and prepare the rituals for the worship of the Deity.

The loss of nearly every spe-

cimen of this ancient literature was caused by the Spanish conquest which swept away all the landmarks of the civilization which it destroyed, the neglect of the conquerors, and the final desolation which followed on the failure of Tupac Amaru's rising in 1780 . A few fragments have, however, escaped the

INTRODUCTORY .

9

general wreck, and floated down to our time. Of these, the most important, because indisputably the most authentic, are the two meagre specimens preserved by the old Inca Garcilasso.

The

first of these is a verse of a little love ditty which he remembered as a boy : Caylla llapi

To the song

Puñunqui,

You will sleep, In dead of night

Chaupi-tuta Hamusac :

I will come :

and which he tells us was sung with a lute.

The

second is longer, and appears to have been a fragment of some grand old hymn, like those of the Rig Veda, in which the powers of the air were personified.

The missionary, Blas Valera,

obtained it from an ancient Quipu record ; and Garcilasso recollected having heard many other hymns of a like nature from his Ynca relations, in his childhood, which he afterwards forgot. What would not one now give for those precious relics of Ynca civilization, which the half-caste lad carelessly allowed to slip from his memory ! In the fragment that has been preserved, the Deity is supposed to have placed a princess in the sky, with a vase full of water, with which

10

INTRODUCTORY .

from time to time she supplies rain to the thirsty earth ; and her brother strikes the vase, which occasions thunder and lightning . Sumac ñusta !

Turallayqui Puyñuyquita

Beautiful princess ! Thy brother Thy urn Has broken.

Paquiscacan. Hina manta

For this cause

Cunununan .

It thunders ,

Yllapantac. Cam ri Nusta,

It lightens.

Unuy quita

Thy water Pours forth rain,

Para munqui, May ñimpi Chicchi munqui

But you princess,

And sometimes Pours forth hail

Pours forth snow.

Riti munqui . Pacha rurac,

The maker of the world,

Pacha camac,

The creator oftheworld,

Cay hinapac

This duty

Churasunqui ,

Has put upon you, He has created you.

Camasunqui.

This poetical treatment of the grand phenomena of nature reminds one of the hymns of the Rig Veda, and especially of the war between Indra and Vritra, the cloud demon.

INTRODUCTORY.

11

Garcilasso distinctly states that his informant, Blas Valera, obtained the above fragment from quipus or knots of various colours, which served for the preservation of ancient annals and traditions .

After a very careful study of all the mate-

rial within my reach, bearing upon the question of quipu records among the ancient Peruvians, I have come to the conclusion that they were not only used to preserve revenue accounts, but also to hand down poetical and historical compositions ; in short, that they contained a rich and varied literature . Hundreds of these quipus have been found in the ancient burial places, being knotted cords of bright coloured llama wool, but most of them fell to pieces on being exposed to the outer air.

Others, however, have been pre-

served ; and the secret of reading them is still known to a very few Indians of rank.

This part

of the subject alone offers a promising and intensely interesting, though difficult field of research to the future explorer of Peruvian antiquities . Next in interest to the poetical fragments quoted above, comes the Quichua dramatic literature. The Ynca historian tells us that the Amau-

12

INTRODUCTORY.

tas or learned men composed tragedies and comedies which were performed before the Ynca and his nobles on festive occasions .

The actors, he

says, were not low born, but the sons of noblemen ; and the subjects were always military triumphs, and mighty deeds of former Yncas . The comedies treated of

farming,

and other

homely topics ; but they never contained any buffoonery nor immoral allusions.

None of these

ancient plays are extant, but two Quichua dramas have come into my hands which undoubtedly contain several ancient songs, and some other passages of the Ynca period, though they are in a Spanish dress, and were mainly written by Spanish curas.

One is entitled Ollantay, by Dr.

Valdez of Sicuani, which I have already mentioned ; and the other, Usca-Paucar, by an unknown author.

They are not without literary

merit ; some of the scenes are very fine, and as tolerably pure specimens of Quichua, they are well worthy of careful study.

Besides the fragments preserved by Garcilasso, and the above mentioned dramas, Quichua literature consists of theological works and catechisms translated from the Spanish, a few ancient poems,

INTRODUCTORY . and numerous modern love songs .

13 Of the an-

cient poems, I have as many as twenty in my possession, which were given to me by a descendant of the Yncas. The modern love songs and despedidas are innumerable, that which I believe is considered the purest and most elegant is entitled La Despedida de Arriasa, but there are many others of almost equal merit.

A love

song attributed to Dr. Lunarejo, a copy of which was given me by Don Juan Francisco Oviedo , of Puno, is also much appreciated by Indian lovers. The phrases in the original Quichua are certainly very neat and expressive, and the sentiment, though exaggerated, is pleasing and imaginative. Quichua was a highly cultivated language ; and the student who may turn his attention to the history of the American races will find in this rich and copious tongue many ancient fragments of prose and poetry which will convince him of the civilization of the Peruvians .

He will find

love songs which are quite equal to the odes of Hafiz, and hymns to the elements not inferior to the mantras of the Rig Veda. Quichua literature is a field of research which is as yet scarcely touched .

Careful investigation might bring many

14

INTRODUCTORY.

curious manuscripts to

light, which are now

mouldering in the chests of aged Curas or of Indians in the secluded villages of the Cordilleras ; and it is quite possible that important discoveries might yet be made, bearing on the history and civilization of this interesting race. But there is no time to be lost.

Every year the living lan-

guage becomes more corrupt, and loses more and Every year the chances increase of the total loss of records which still

more of its purity.

remain in manuscript . That, during the first two centuries after the conquest of Peru, the Indian Curacas in different parts of the country caused many of the historical poems and other records preserved in the quipus, or in the memory, to be committed to writing, there exists the clearest evidence.

They were

carefully preserved and handed down from father to son, and although many must have been destroyed during the revolt of Tupac Amaru, some must still remain, and would reward a diligent search. In the civilization of ancient Peru the American race had attained its highest development.

I am

now convinced that that civilization was indi-

15

INTRODUCTORY .

genous, and it was making very slow but sensible progress when it was overwhelmed by the Spanish conquest.

Portions of the wreck have drifted

down to our time, and await the searching scrutiny of some future antiquary. been done

is

incomplete

All that has yet

and

unsatisfactory .

Men's minds are now more than ever turned to the study of the early history and origin of their species.

Before long I anticipate that, with other

branches of the great human family, the American race will attract a larger share of attention from the learned men of the present age, and of this race the Peruvians are the representatives , as the most advanced in civilization .

But meanwhile

their once pure and beautiful language is becoming more and more corrupt. Considerations such as these led me to desire that my collections of Quichua words should be printed, and thus become useful to others who may follow me in this field of research. Ever since I was a midshipman on the Pacific station, years ago, the land of the Yncas has had for me an indescribable charm .

I greedily de-

voured the pages of Prescott while anchored under the shadow of the mighty Cordillera ; and

16

INTRODUCTORY.

the story of the conquest, and of the gentle children of the Sun, made an impression on me then, which time will never efface.

Since those

days, I have traversed the glorious Andes in various directions, and would desire no pleasanter occupation than again to be able to explore their secluded recesses . But this cannot be ; and I am only able to hope that my present humble contribution towards the study of the American races, in the form of a grammar and dictionary of Quichua, the language of the Yncas of Peru, may enable others to make a start at the point where I have been obliged to leave off. CLEMENTS R. MARKHAM.

London, May 1863.

QUICHUA

GRAMMAR .

PRONUNCIATION.

THE Spanish method of spelling has been adopted, because all printed and manuscript Quichua writings are in this form, so that any other would be useless and confusing . A is always broad , as in the English far. C as c in cat.

Ce is a double sound peculiar to Quichua : the first, a guttural far back in the throat ; and the second on the roof of the mouth.

Holguin makes

another still harsher sound with Kh, but I have not separated the words thus spelt by Holguin, from those beginning with Cc. Ch is pronounced as in English.

Some words

beginning with this sound are pronounced rather sharper than others (Tch, Tchs, Tchh) , but it would not be possible to acquire the use of these с

18

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

slight differences, except by intercourse with the natives of Peru. H scarcely sounded. G instead.

The Spaniards often use

Hu pronounced as w.

Ll as lli in million.

M as in English. N as in English.

N as the ne in new . O as in English.

It is often substituted by the

Spaniards for U. P as in English ; often corrupted into B by the Spaniards, who write bamba for ратра, and tambo for tampu.

Ph, each letter sounded sepa-

rately, and Pp is a double sound. Qu as the English K. R as in English.

Often corrupted by the

Spaniards into L, as Lima for Rimac, Lunahuana for Runahuanac, Lucma for Rucma, &c.

S as in English. Tas in English. Th, each letter sounded separately, and Tt is a double sound. U as the English W when followed by a vowel, and like oo in fool when followed by a consonant . It is often corrupted into V by the Spaniards . Y as in English, or as the English I.

19

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

It will be observed that the following consonants are wanting in Quichua : B, D, F, G, J, V, W, X, Z.

NOUNS . In Quichua the noun is declined by the addition of terminations to the root, some of which have no independent meaning in themselves , while others are prepositions . The ordinary plural is formed by the addition of the particle cuna, which also has no independent meaning . SINGULAR

PLURAL .

Runa, a man

Runa-cuna, men

Runap, of a man

Runa-cunap

Runapac, to a man Runacta, a man

Runa-cunapac Runa-cunacta

A runa ya, O man

A runa-cuna ya

Runa huan, with a man

Runa-cuna manta

(or other preposition ) The declination is slightly different when a noun ends in a consonant, or in two vowels . SINGULAR

SINGULAR

Ccapac, a rich man

Yuyay, thought

Ccapacpa

Yuyaypa

20

QUICHUA GRAMMAR. Ccapacpac

Yuyaypac

Ccapacta А Ссарас уа

Yuyayta

A yuyay ya

Ccapac huan (orother

Yuyay-huan

preposition) PLURAL

PLURAL Yuyay-cuna & c. & c.

Ccapac-cuna &c. &c.

PREPOSITIONS. All prepositions are added to nouns in the

same way.

They are :

Huan

With

Cama

To , as far as

Manta

Of, made of, from

Hahua-manta Hahua

Concerning Behind

Man

То

Manarac

Before

Ntin . Nac .

Together with Without (wanting )

Pi

In

•

Pachallan .

In place of

QUICHUA GRAMMAR . For the sake of

Raycu Ccepi, Huasa . Ni Ta

21

After, behind

•

Near

·

Ccaylla .

Through Near

•

Caru .

Far

Chaupi

In the middle of

Chimpa .

On the other side of •

· ·

Outside, on the top of Above

•

Before (in presence of)

Ucupi

·

Ucapi Naupa quen

·

Belonging to Within, under Beneath

Hahuallapi Hanac • Naupac Maquiypi ·

Ccayantin • Muyu

·

Before (applied to time) After (applied to time) Around

The prepositions form as it were cases of their own, and do not govern cases as in Latin- ad domum, ex urbe. " To the house" would be huasiman ; " From the city," Llacta- manta .

22

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

PLURALS . There are several forms of the plural number in Quichua.

Cuna is the ordinary form for nouns and participles .

But ñaui cuna

means the eyes of

several people, not those of one. eyes , ears, feet,

A pair of

or hands, would be formed

by pura (both), purapnin, or purapñami. eyes," purap ñauiy.

" My

My two feet, purapnin

chaquiy; but not chaquiy pura. Yscaynin rincri is my ears, but yscay rinerin would be two ears belonging to different persons. Pura and Purantin are also used when the noun refers to an action confined to itself, as Aucapurantin, "the soldiers amongst themselves ."

When

the number is given, it is not necessary to use cuna also : Chunca punchau, "ten days," not Chunca punchau-cuna, although the use of cuna is admissible . Chac, Chaquen, is a comparative plural, as Anac-chac, "things harder ;" Llacllac- chac, " more timid people ." Chicachac is a plural solely referring to size (Chica meaning " as," " as large as" ) .

Thus,

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

23

Huasi chicachac taucasca yamta, " a heap of firewood as large as a house." Ntin is a termination for forming plurals when two or more things or persons are spoken of collectively, as Aylluntin, those of one family ; Huasintin, a household ; Cosantin, husband and wife ; Ttahuantin-suyu, the four regions : (the name given to the Empire of the Yncas) . Another form of plural is the repetition of the noun itself, which denotes quantity, as Runaruna, a crowd ; Hacha hacha, a forest.

GENDER AND RELATIONSHIPS . There are no terminations denoting gender in Quichua. Difference in gender is expressed by distinct words, as :

Ccari, man

Huayna, young man

Huarmi, woman

Sipas, young woman

Urcu, male

Macta, boy

China, female

Tasqui, girl

Machu, old man Paya, old woman But Quichua is richer than any European lan-

24

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

guage in words denoting relationship.

There

are distinct words for the same relation when used by a man or a woman ; thus a brother's brother is Huauque, and a sister's brother Tura, and there are also differences for an uncle or aunt on the father's or mother's side, and even for a father or mother when speaking of their children. This minute accuracy in speaking of relations may, perhaps, be taken as an indication of advanced civilization amongst the ancient Peruvians. Ayllu-cuna Machu-cuna

• Relations ·

· Ancestors

Apusquiypayan • Payaypapayan Apusquiypa • • Payaypa maman . Machu · ·

Paya

·

Great grandfather Great grandmother Grandfather

• Grandmother · Father, also uncle being the father's brother

Yaya

Mama

Mother, also aunt being the mother's sister

Caca .

Хра .

·

Great-great-grandfather Great-great-grandmother

• Uncle, being brother •

the

mother's

. Aunt, being the father's sister

QUICHUA GRAMMAR. Churi

25

Son of a father, and nephew of father's brother

Ccari-huahua .

. Son of a mother, and nephew

Ususi

• Daughter of a father, and niece

of mother's sister

of a father's brother Huarmi-huahua . Daughter of a mother, and niece of a mother's sister • Nephew or niece of a father's

Concha .

sister Mulla

Nephew or niece of a mother's brother

• Elder

Curac Sullca

•

·

child, (precedingany

Younger of the above six or

Huauque Llocsimasi .

• Only following fivewords) • Brother (of brother) • Uterine brother

Tura .

• Brother (of sister)

Naña

· Sister (of sister)

Pana

· Sister (of brother)

Sapay

Cichpa-huauque . First cousin (man) of a man • First cousin (man) of a woman Cichpa-tura Cichpa naña · • First cousin (woman) of a woman

Cichpa pana : Caylla .

•

·

• First cousin (woman) of a man · In the same way, for second cousins

26

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

Ccaru

• In the same way, for third cousins

Hahuay Huillca .

•

• Grandchild

·

• Great grandchild · Great-great-grandchild

Chupullu

(The words ccari or huarmi precede the above

Cosa .

three words, to denote the sex) • Husband Wife

Huarmi Yahuarinnac ·

Caca Quihuachi • Aque

· Connexion by marriage • Father-in-law of the husband

·

• Father-in-law of the wife

· Mother-in-law of the husband

Quihuach

Mother-in-law of the wife

Catay Ccachun

Son-in-law

Massani

Ypa . Quepa-yaya Quepa- mama

Daughter-in-law . Brother-in-law of the husband Sister-in-law of the wife • Step-father

Step-mother And so on with the other re-

lationships in half-blood

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

27

ADJECTIVES AND COMPOUND SUBSTANTIVES . Adjectives are always placed before their substantives, and are indeclinable, as : Sumac huarmi, a beautiful woman ; Sinchi runap, of a strong man.

Adjectives are also formed by genitives,

as runap, of a man , hence manly. Runap may also be " that which belongs or appertains to a man," and it is then declinable, as :

Runap

Runa-cunap

Runappa

Runa-cunappa

Runappac

Runa-cunappac

Runapta

Runa-cunapta

Other forms, with the same meaning, are Runallap and Runapnin. Another compound substantive derived from the genitive, is formed in " chaynin,” as : Apup-chaynin, that which belongs to a chief Apup-chaypi, in a place belonging to a chief Apup-chayman, to a place belonging to a chief &c. , & c.

28

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

DEGREES OF COMPARISON. The most usual forms of comparison are : Asuan (more) and Ancha (most) , placed before

the adjective, as : Huaccha

Asuan huaccha

Ancha huaccha

(poor)

(poorer)

(poorest)

With the addition of a possessive particle to the comparative, as Asuan huacchayqui, the meaning becomes " he who is poorer than you."

The

possessive particles are used for comparison in this way : Sinchin, " stronger than he ;" Sinchinñiy, " stronger than I.” Nequen (the same) is also used for forming comparisons, as : Yachacniñequey, " he who knows more than I." used, as

The preposition manta is also

ñocamanta amauta, " wiser than I ;"

and occasionally the genitive, as : ñocap sumac, 66 more beautiful than I.”

The most common superlative form is the prefix Ancha (most) .

Another is hinantin in the

genitive, as : Hinantinpa sinchi, " strongest of all."

Also Llapa (all) in the genitive plural, as :

Llapantinpa yacha, "the wisest of all ."

Cay

29

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

huarma llapa huarma-cunamanta ancha amautan, "this boy is the wisest of all the boys."

Checamanta is another form of superlative, as : Checamanta ñucñu, "the sweetest."

The word

is formed of Checa (true) and the preposition manta.

Sullul, which also means true, is an-

other superlative form, with manta, as : Sullulmanta milla, " most filthy."

PARTICLES WHICH MODIFY THE MEANING OF NOUNS. In order to give an idea of the great abundance of modes of expression in Quichua, which is caused by innumerable processes of agglutination, it is necessary to give some of the many particles which are added to nouns, in order to convey various meanings. It is this power which causes the extraordinary richness and variety of expression in the language.

Añay, or Munay, or Munaylla, are added to convey an idea of excellence or superiority, as : Munallay ñucnu taqui, " what wonderfully sweet music."

30

QUICHUA GRAMMAR. Cay (the infinitive of the verb cani) is used to

signify abstract existence or being ;

or, when

added to an adjective, it converts it into the corresponding substantive . is manhood ;

For example, Runacay

llampucay, kindness ;

yuraccay,

whiteness . Casca or Canca (derived from the verb cani) serve the same purpose, but denoting past and Runacasca, humanity now ; and future time. Alli-cascan, past kindness .

Cay or Camay signifies a person's condition or fate, as huaccha cayny (my state of poverty) . Cama, when added to a noun, gives a meaning of inclusiveness, as sinchi cama, all strong without excepting one ;

yachac cama, all learned ;

macharcan cama, they were all drunk.

Caman, added to nouns and pronouns, means the task that has to be done, work, or occupation, as Ñocap camay, my task ; Campa camayqui, your task. It also means fitness, as Apupac caman, fit to be chief.. Camayoc is attached to offices and employments, as Siray-camayoc, a tailor ; Llacta-camayoc, a village officer ; Pucara- camayoc, a castellan.

31 :

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

Sapa means quantity or size, when added to a ་ noun : as Uma-sapa, a big head ; Llaqui-sapa, very unhappy ; Yuyay-sapa, very thoughtful. Sasa means difficult ; as huañuchiypac yac sasa, one who dies hard. Chau or Chaupi, added to verbs or nouns , means half- done , as Chaupi amauta, half-learned ; chaupi conic, tepid ; chaupi puñuc, half-asleep ; chau-concasca , half-forgotten . Chac or Chicachac is used for comparing one thing with another.

Ñoca chac, the same size as

I am. Hualpa chicachac yutu, a partridge the Runa chac yachac i cusillu, a size of a cock. monkey as intelligent as a man.

In this idiom,

the thing compared is also placed first. Hina, as : Nirac, as : riti hina pirca, a wall as white as snow ; atoc nirac runa, a man as cunning as a fox.

Placed before a noun, hina means

custom or habit, as hina llullu, an habitual liar ; hina llallac, constitutionally a coward. Huatan, huacta, tullpan, and tullpa, mean dissimulation, and are used with the preposition pi ; thus huatanpi ccari, a woman feigning to be a man ; tullpanpi huarmi, a man pretending to be a woman.

32

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

Ymana Ymanac, added to a word, means a want or excess of anything beyond what is natural, as puca ymanac, an unnatural colour ; tullu ymanac, emaciated. Yoc, Niyoc, or Queyoc, added to nouns, mean the possessor or owner, as huasiyoc, owner of the house.

Nnac or Ninnac is the opposite of yoc,

as yayannac, fatherless . Yupa, Yupay, or Yupasca, imply reputation, as Ccapac yupa, he who is reputed to be rich ; yachac yupa, he who is considered wise .

Nisca

has the same meaning. Lla is a termination expressing tenderness or love, as Churillay, my dear son ; Urpillay, my dove.

Llayqui at the end of a noun signifies " give me,” with a plural Llayquichic, as cullqui llayqui, give me

silver ;

chayllayqui,

give

me

that ;

asuanllayquichic, give us more. Masi, added to an active participle, means a companion,

as

puricmasi,

a fellow-traveller ;

yachacmasi, a schoolfellow. Mana, placed before any word, implies a negative, as mana-alli, bad.

33

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

Mitta means recurrence, as mitta llullac, one who lies at every word he speaks .

It also signi-

fies age or time, as cay mitta runa allim, a gentleman of the period. Soncco (heart) is frequently used to signify heartiness or fondness for any pursuit, as yachac soncco, fond of study. Nouns denoting the agent and the action are formed from verbal roots, by adding c in the former case, and y in the latter, as :

Munani .

•

•

•

I love

Munac

•

A lover

Munay

·

Love

Ahuani

·

I weave

Ahuac

•

Ahuay Rimani

A weaver

Woof and warp

•

I speak

Rimac

A speaker, oracle

Rimay

Speech

D

34

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

NUMERALS .

1, Huc 2 , Yscay 3, Quimsa 4, Ttahua

5, Pichca

6 , Socta 7, Canchis 8, Pussac

9, Yscun

10, Chunca 11 , Chunca- hucniyoc 12, Chunca yscayniyoc 13, Chunca quimsayoc 14, Chunca ttahuayoc 15 , Chunca pichcayoc 16, Chunca soctayoc 17, Chunca canchisyoc

18, Chunca pussacyoc 19, Chunca yscunyoc 20, Yscay chunca 21 , Yscay chunca hucniyoc 22, Yscay chunca yscayniyoc 30, Quimsa chunca 40, Ttahua chunca

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

35

50, Pichca chunca 60, Socta chunca 70, Canchis chunca 80, Pussac chunca 90, Yscun chunca

100, Pachac 101 , Pachac hucniyoc

110, Pachac chuncayoc 120, Pachac yscay chuncayoc 200, Yscay -pachac 1,000, Huaranca

[yoc 1,001 , Huaranca huc pachac hucni2,000, Yscay huaranca 10,000, Chunca huaranca 20,000, Yscay chunca huaranca 100,000 , Pachac huaranca 200,000, Yscay pachac huaranca 1,000,000, Hunu 2,000,000, Yscay hunu 100,000,000 , Pachac hunu 1,000,000,000 , Huaranca hunu 1,000,000,000,000 , Hunuy hunu 10,000,000,000,000 , Chunca hunuy hunu INFINITY Pantac hunu

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

36

ORDINALS .

First

Huc ñequen • Yscay ñequen ñequen Chunca yscay &c. &c.

•

Second

•

Twelfth

Yscayntin . Pichcantin .

Both together

Quimsamitta

Three times

All five

Soctamitta

Six times

Huarancamitta

A thousand times

Yscay hamu Quimza hamu

In two ways In three ways

Chunca hamu

In ten ways

PRONOUNS .

The first personal pronoun is thus declined . SINGULAR.

Поса •

I

посар

Of me

Посарас · ñocacta

To me

ñocaraycu &c.

For me

Me

&c.

37

QUICHUA GRAMMAR . PLURAL. Inclusive. ñocanchic

Exclusive. and

посауси

We Of us

ñocanchicpa ñocanchicpac

‫دو‬

посаусирас

ñocanchicta

""

ñocaycucta

Us

ñocaycuraycu

For us

посаусир

ñocanchicraycu ,,

•

To us

There are two forms of plural, both for pronouns and verbs of the first person, called incluThe former is used, for sive and exclusive. instance, when those who speak and those who are spoken to are all referred to .

When a man

is speaking to a mixed company of men and women, but intends to speak only of the men, he would use the exclusive plural, and say ñocaycu ccari-cuna, " We the men"

or a priest speaking

of his order to other people, would say ñocaycu umu-cuna, “ We the priests" .

The plural par-

ticle cuna may be added to either of the plurals, but this is not generally done, as ñocanchic-cuna, or ñocaycu-cuna. The second personal pronoun is : SINGULAR. Cam

Campa

•

PLURAL .

Thou

Camchic or Cam -cuna •

You

""

Camchicpa or Camcunap

""

38

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

‫دو‬

Campac Camta

Camchicpac or Camcunapac Camchicta or Camcunacta

‫دو‬

&c.

"" ""

&c.

The third personal pronoun is :

Pay . Paypa Paypac

He

Paycuna or Paypay

Of him

Paycunap

To him

Paypacta Him & c.

Paypaypa

Paycunapac Paypaypac Pacunacta Paypayta

They ""

-"" ""

&c.

The same form of plural is used for

Cay •

This

Pi

·

That

Yma

What

That

Maycan .

Which

•

Some one

Ymactapas Something

Chay Chacay · Pipas

Who

•

•

•

Quiqui is self, and is used together with the possessive particles, as Quiquy, I myself ; Quiquyqui, you yourself ; Quiquin, himself ; Cayquiquin, the same.

Pocpun is also self.

Chic is a form of plural used to express angry feeling or reprehension. bad men .

Camchic runa cuna, you

The most frequent form of the possessive pronouns is as particles attached to the end of words, and unable to stand by themselves .

39

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

These are :

Less common forms :

Y.

.

Mine

Niy

Ninniy

Yqui N •

•

Thine

•

His

Niyqui Nin

Ninniyqui Ninnin

Nchic You

Ninchic

Ninninchic

Nycu

Ninnycu

Niyquichic Nincu

Ninñiyquichic Ninnincu

Ours

Yquichic Yours Neu • Theirs

These possessive particles are thus attached to a noun. •

My lord

Apuyqui . Apun . •

Thy lord

Apuy .

His lord

Apunchic, Apuycu Our lord Apuyquichic Your lord Their lord Apuncu

They are declinable in the same way as nouns. Apuypa (of my lord), &c. Possession is also expressed by the personal pronouns in the genitive case, as : Ñocap Campa · Paypa .

That which is mine

• ·

That which is thine That which is his

These forms are also declinable, as Ñocappa

(of that which is mine), &c.

40

QUICHUA GRAMMAR. The interrogative pronouns are Pi, Yma, and

Maycan. Pi

·

Who is that person ? What person ?

Pipi . Who are those persons ? Yma, or Ymalla, Ymatam . What ?

What things ? Ymayma, or Ymaymacuna Maycan . • · Which ? •

Maycancuna Pich · ·

Which things ? ·

I do not know who

·

I do not know what

•

I do not know which

•

Ymach

·

Maycancha

The relative pronouns pi, yma, and maycan, are roots which form the nuclei, as it were, of numerous interrogative and relative expressions . Lla is constantly added to pi and yma, as a particle without special signification .

M, or mi,

are added to interrogatives ; also Ch . Who

•

Who can it be

·

•

Pim, or Pillam, or Pich

•

Pirac, or Piraccha

What do you think . Which one · •

Pich Huc

Which of them

·

Hucnin

The other

•

•

•

Hucpas

QUICHUA GRAMMAR . Whoever

·

No one .

·

Manapipas

·

Mana pinninpas Mana maycanpas

None of them .

·

Neither .

•

What

41

Pimaycampas

Yma, or Ymalla

What can it be

Something

Ymaraccha, or Ymallaraccha · Ymapas, or Ymallapas

Whatever .

·

Ymapas

How

•

Ymaynam

Which ·

·

Maycan, or Maycallan

Whichever

·

Maycanpas

VERBS .

THE VERB Cani, I am. All Quichua verbs terminate the first person singular of the present indicative in ni ; and in this form they will be found in the Dictionary. The peculiarity of having two forms of the first person plural has already been mentioned . Cani

•

•

·

I am, I have.

42

QUICHUA GRAMMAR. INDICATIVE .

Present.

Cani

I am

•

• Thou art Canqui Can or Casca He is

Canchic We ) Inclusive Sare Exclusive Caycuare You are Canquichic Can or Cancu

They are

The third person singular is not usually formed regularly, as Can.

Very frequently, particles are

added to a word instead, m or mi.

It is not cor-

rect to say huarmi can sumac (the woman is pretty), but huarmi mi sumac. As a rule, can is used for " he has" ; and m, or mi, for “ he is”.

Cachcarcani

.

Imperfect. I was Cachcarcanchic and уси Cachcarcanquichic Cachcarcan

Cachcarcanqui Cachcarca

Another form of the imperfect is by the addition of racmi (even), Cachcarcani-racmi, &c.

Carcani

•

Carcanqui Carcan

Perfect. Carcanchic and you

I have

Carcanquichic Carcancu

Cascamcani, I have been Cascamcanchic and ycu

Cascamcanqui Cascam

Cascamcanquichic Cascamcancu

39335

43

QUICHUA GRAMMAR. Pluperfect. Cascam carcani . I had been

Cascam carcanqui

Cascam carcanchic and you

Cascam carcanquichic Cascam carcancu

Cascam carcan

Future.

Casas

•

I will

Canqui Canca

Cassun or Cassunchic and cu Canquichic Cancu

Cascam cassac •

I will

Cascam cassun and cu

have been

Cascam canqui Cascam canca

Cascam canquichic Cascam canca

All the compound tenses are thus formed by

casca, which is the participle of Cani. ·

·

Cancayquicanmi . Cancancanmi

·

•

I am about to be You are ‫دو‬ He is ‫دو‬

Cancanchiccanmi

·

We are

‫دو‬

Ye are They are.

""

Canay or Cancaycanmi .

Cancanquichic canmi Cancancu canmi ·

Cancaymi carca &c. &c.

•

"" I have been ""

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

44

IMPERATIVE . •

•

Be thou

Cachun

•

Let him be

Cay

Cassun Let us be Cassacu }

Caychic .

Be ye

Cachun .

Let them be

OPTATIVE . Cayman . be

If I should

Canchicman and Caycuman

Canquiman Canman

Canquichicman Canman

Casca cayman &c.

If I should have been

& c. SUBJUNCTIVE.

Captiy

I may be

you Captinchic and уси

Captiyqui

Captiyquichic

Captin

Captincu

Cachcaptiy &c. &c.

When I was

Cascacaptiy • &c. &c.

When I had been

Cancaycaptiy &c. &c.

•

•

When I shall have been

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

45

INFINITIVE.

To be

Cay Casca .

To have been

•

To be about to be

Canca .

PARTICIPLE .

Casca .

That which is .

Being Been

Cachcasca .

Having been

Cac

ACTIVE VERB.

INDICATIVE. Present. I love

Munani .

•

Munanqui Munan

Munach carcani &c. &c.

Munanchic unayeu }We {Exc. M JareIncl . Munanquichic Munancu

•

I was loving

46

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

Perfect. Munarcani

·

I loved

Munarcanquichic Munarcancu

Munarcanqui Munarca Munascam cani &c.

Munarcanchic and you

•

I have loved

&c. I had loved

Munascam carcani

&c.

&c.

Future. Munasac

I will love

Munanqui

Munanquichic Munanca

Munanca

Munascam cassac &c.

Munassun and cu

•

I shall have loved

& c.

Munancaymi or munanaymi . I am about to love &c.

&c .

Munanaymi carca

22

·

yquimi carca & c. &c .

Munanaymi canca &c. &c.

I was about to love You were &c .

""

&c.

I shall be about to love &c.

&c.

47

QUICHUA GRAMMAR. IMPERATIVE.

Munay .

Munassun and cu . Let

Love thou

Munachun Let him love

us love Munaychic .

Love ye

Munachuncu Let them love

OTHER IMPERATIVE FORMS .

Munaspa munaypas .

Love if you have any one

Munaypas

Love more

to love

OPTATIVE.

Munayman yqui & c.

If I may love

&c.

Munach cayman &c.

&c.

,, you ,, &c.

99 &c.

If I should love &c.

&c.

SUBJUNCTIVE.

Munaptiy &c.

I may or can love &c.

Munach captiy . &c. &c.

&c.

&c.

When I loved or was loving & c. &c.

48

QUICHUA GRAMMAR . INFINITIVE .

Munay Munasca

·

To love

.

To have loved

Munanca or munana

·

To be about to love

Some forms of the verb are composed of the

infinitive, as : •

Munayta yachani

I know how to love

PARTICIPLE .

Munac . Munasca

Loving Loved

Munana or munanca

Going to love

OTHER FORMS.

Munacmi-cani Munacmi-carcani

•

•

I am accustomed to love

•

I was

Munacmi-casas ·

•

Munac-cay Munascacacmi-cani .

• •

"" I shall be "" Accustom thyself

"" ""

"" I am accustomed to be loved

Munascacacmi-carcani .

I was accustomed to be

Munac-hina-munani

It seems to me that I

loved

&c .

Munac cani

& c.

· & c.

•

love

I am the lover

49

QUICHUA GRAMMAR . Canmi munac canqui • •

Caymi munac Munaypacha .

Thou art the lover

•

That man is the lover

•

The time of love

Munaypacmi-cani . &c. & c.

I ought, wish, to love

Munacmi .

I am going to love

&c.

&c.

Munana tucuni &c.

I am worthy to be loved

&c.

The nouns which are derived from an active

verb are : Munac .

·

Lover

Munay . Munasca

•

Love

•

Munana

·

The person or thing loved The person that will be loved

All present participles end in c, and when they receive any of the possessive particles this c becomes a q, as :

Rurac .

Making.

Ruraquey .

My maker

Ruraqueyqui Ruraquen

•

A maker

•

Thy maker

•

His maker

E

50

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

TRANSITIONS .

When the action passes from one person to another, as I love thee, the expression forms one This union between

word, and is conjugated.

pronouns and the verb has been called by Spanish grammarians a Transition, and there are four different classes of transitions in Quichua, namely : The first person to the second, expressed by yqui second, "" third "" "" sunqui first, "" second ‫وو‬ "" huanqui huan first , ‫ وو‬third ‫دو‬ "" FIRST TRANSITION .

Present. Munayqui

I love thee

Munayquichic Perfect.

Future.

Munarcayqui Munarcayquichic · Munascayqui

•

Munascayquichic ·

•

I love you I loved thee

I loved you I will love thee I will love you

SECOND TRANSITION.

Present. Munasunqui Munasunquichic

· •

He loves thee He loves you

51

QUICHUA GRAMMAR . Perfect.

Munasucanqui . • Munasucanquichic

Future.

(Same as Present)

He loved thee He loved you

·

THIRD TRANSITION.

Present. Munahuanqui ·

·

•

Thou lovest me

·

Thou lovest us

Perfect.

Munahuanquichic . Munahuarcanqui •

·

Thou lovedst me

Munahuarcanquichic . (Same as Present)

Thou lovedst us

Future.

FOURTH TRANSITION.

·

·

He loves me

Munahuanchic •

•

He loves us (incl.)

·

·

•

•

He loves us (excl.) He loved me

Pres. Munahuanmi

Munahuaycu Perf. Munahuarcca

Munahuarccanchic .

He loved us (incl.)

Munahuarccaycu

He loved us (excl. )

•

He will love me

Fut. Munahuancca Munahuasunchic

Munahuasuncu .

·

He will love us (incl.) He will love us (excl.)

This peculiar form of agglutination is common to nearly all the American languages . Some of them have six forms of transition : from the first person to the second and third, from the second

52

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

to the first and third, and from the third to the first and second ; others, like the Quichua, have four ; and others, only two.

OTHER FORMS OF THE VERB Munani.

Munacuni .

•

•

Munaricuni

·

•

I love (stronger than Munani) I love a little

Munaririni

•

I love coolly

Munariricuni .

•

Munaycucuni

•

I love very little I love tenderly

Munaycuricuni • Munarconi · ·

I love very tenderly I love passionately

The same verbal root serves, by modifications in the terminations, for a number of other verbs of cognate meanings . *

Ahuani

Thus :

I weave

Ahuarini

·

Ahuaripuni

I begin to weave I continue weaving

See also pages 55 to 57.

QUICHUA GRAMMAR . Armani .

•

I wash

·

•

I make another wash

•

•

•

I arrive

Chayapuni •

·

•

I return

Huañuni

•

Armachini

Chayani .

•

53

I die

•

•

I kill

·

I get drunk

Machachini .

·

·

I make another drunk

Manchani

·

•

•

I fear

Mancharcuni

•

Huañuchini Machani

I am startled

PASSIVE VOICE.

Munascam-cani

•

•

I am loved

Munascamcach carcani .

I was loved

Munasca cascamcani Munascam casac •

·

I have been loved

·

I shall be loved

Manasca cascamcasac ·

I shall have been loved

Munascacay · Munascacayman .

·

•

Be loved

·

•

If I were loved

· Munasca captiy · Munasca casca captiy ·

When I may be loved

When I may have been loved

·

•

To be loved

Munascaymicanqui .

•

You were loved by me

Munascacayta

54

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

Munasccanmicanqui

•

Munascayquimcani . • Munascanmicani

• ·

I am loved by him

Munascaypacmicani

·

I ought to be loved

You were loved by him I am loved by you

The verbs ending in ni in the first person singular, of the present tense indicative, active voice, are the verb " to be" , cani ; all active verbs , as munani, I love ; and all neuter verbs, as tiyani, I am seated.

Defective verbs, having only a

third person, end in n, as paran (it rains) , cacim (it thunders) , thucñin (it lightens) .

There are

also some impersonal verbs, as yarecahuan (I am hungry) , nanahuan (I am in pain) . The verb cani is used to form some neuter verbs, as tiascamcani (I am seated) , onccuscamcani (I am ill) . Ch, cha, added to a verb, implies a doubt, as : •

Maypin yayayqui Maypich

•

Where is your father ? I don't know

Chu, added to the second person, implies a

question, as : Micunquichu Micuyta munanquichu

Do you eat ? Do you want to eat ?

55

QUICHUA GRAMMAR.

PARTICLES WHICH MODIFY THE MEANING OF VERBS .

The meaning of verbs is modified in many ways by the insertion of particles .

Some of these

are as follows. Capu conveys the meaning of a return to that which had been once done before ; as yachacapuni, I begin to learn what I had once before learnt ; yuyacapuni, I recollect what I had formerly known but afterwards forgotten. Chani serves to convert some nouns into verbs ; as huasi, a house ; huasichani, I build a house ; pampa, a plain ; pampachani, I level.

Chacu, added to a verb, means completeness ; as ccahuani, I view ; ccahuachacuni, I examine closely ; macani, I strike ; macachacuni, I give a blow in every part of the body. Chana implies decadence, a fall from better to worse ; as huaccha, poor ; huacchachanani, I fall from wealth to poverty .

Chca signifies actual present action ; as yuyani, I think ; yuyachcani, moment.

I am thinking at this

Chi means the act of making another do a

56

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

thing : tiani,

I sit ; tiachini, I make another

sit. Chicu, to leave a thing done ; as hampini, I cure ; hampichicuni, I leave a man cured ; suani, I rob ; suachicuni, I leave a man to be robbed. Ccu means to be doing a thing, though not in an active sense ; as tiani, I sit ; tiaccuni, I am seated ; micuni, I eat ; micuccuni, I am eating. Yaccu signifies to make another attain any quality ; as ccapacyaccuni, I make a man rich ; llampuyaccuni, I make a man gentle . Yachi changes the condition of a thing ; as anac, hard ; anacyachini, I harden . You completes or consummates an action ; as pusani, I guide ; pusaycuni, I guide to a journey's end.

Llicuni, added to all clothes, makes a verb implying the action of putting them on ; as yacolla, a mantle ; yacollallicuni, I put on a mantle ; chumpi, a girdle ; chumpillicuni, I gird. Mpu is to do a thing over again ; as apamuni, I bring ; apampuni, I bring again. Nacu means one another ; as checnini, I hate ; checninacuni, I hate another.

Naya means desire ; as ricuni, I see ; ricunayani, I have a wish to see.

57

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

Ncha, added to prepositions of position, makes a verb ; as chaupi, the middle ; chaupinchani, I put in the middle.

Caylla , near ; cayllanchani,

I put near. Ni is the ending of all active verbs, and serves to convert a noun into a verb ; as yamta, fuel ; yamtani, I get fuel. Pa, to do a thing over again ; as tarpani, I sow ; tarpapani, I sow over again.

Paya implies excess ; as apani, I carry ; apapayani, I carry too much. Raya means duration ; as oncconi, I am ill ; onccorayani, I suffer from a long illness.

Ri is to begin an action ; as apani, I carry ; aparini, I put on a load ; sayani,

I stand ;

sayarini, I get up . Ussi is to help ; as llamcani, I work ; llamcaussini, I help another to work. There are also particles standing by themselves, with the nature of defective verbs , as : Amarac ·

Ca

·

·

Take

Ma-chaicca Howis this ? Upalla . Hold your

Let us go

Hacu. Ma

Wait

•

Let us see

Pacta .

•

tongue Take care

58

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

ADVERBS . Hina, added to many adjectives of quality and to participles, forms their corresponding ad-

verbs , as : Sinchi-hina

·

·

Atoc-hina .

·

Strongly, forcibly Fox-like

Huayra-hina . Nina-hina

·

Quickly (as the wind)

•

Fiercely (as fire)

Caynin, with the prepositions pi or huan, is

another adverbial form , as :

Sinchi-cayninpi

Strongly

Llampu-cayninhuan

•

·

Gently

Manta (the preposition) added to words, is a common adverbial form, as :

Soncco-manta

Checamanta .

• •

Heartily Perfectly

Lla, with the word twice repeated, forms an adverb ; as sumac-sumaclla, beautifully.

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

59

CONJUNCTIONS . The couplative conjunctions are pas, huam, pashuam, and huampas ; as ñoca pas cam, you and I. Tac, tacpas, huantac, mean " also" .

Ca,

“ but". but” . ri, cana, ychaca, yallinrac, mean "

Hi-

naspa, hinaca, are conjunctions concluding a sentence, and mean " finally" . fore ; hina, so ;

Hinaspaca, there-

hinam, hinamcana, so

that ;

cayri, or, either.

ADDITIONAL REMARKS .

The syntax, or construction of sentences, is very simple.

The concord of adjectives and sub-

stantives must be understood, as the former class of nouns is indeclinable . The accusative is placed first in a sentence ; then the verb ; and, lastly, the nominative.

When two nouns follow each

other, one depending on the other, the dependent noun is placed first and in the genitive case, as huasip puncu, the door of the house.

Adverbs

are placed next to the verbs or nouns to which

60 they refer.

QUICHUA GRAMMAR . To express the sentence " I am your

father" , the pronoun is in the genitive, as campa yayayquin cani.

To say " It is better for me,"

the pronoun is in the dative, as ñocapac asuan allim cay. " It will be very painful to me", nocapac llaqui cuyniycanman.

Ablative, dative,

and indeed all oblique cases, are placed before the nominative . It will have been seen that the most remarkable feature of the Quichua language is the power of constructing words by means of affixes or particles joined to the root, and thus providing for the formation of innumerable words, and even whole phrases .

Du Ponceau called this mode

of composition polisynthesis ; the American languages

and, as most of

possess this faculty,

he named them polisynthetic languages.

Dr.

Max Müller, however, considers this peculiarity to be nothing more than agglutination, as distinguished from the inflexion of the Aryan and Semitic languages.

He, therefore, groups the

American with the other languages which he calls agglutinative (a name given by William von Humboldt) in Asia and Africa, not because there is the remotest indication of a common origin,

61

QUICHUA GRAMMAR .

but from the absence of any organic differences of grammatical structure.

No European language can describe an action with anything like the precision and accuracy, combined with brevity , of which Quichua is capable ; and this wonderfully abundant vocabulary produces great variety in composition.

I have

considered it unnecessary to give every modification of meaning of which a root is capable, in the dictionary, because it would have swelled it to undue proportions, while the

foregoing rules

supply the necessary information upon this point.

The following Quichua words are now familiar to all Englishmen, and, indeed, are incorporated into our language : pampa, condor, puma, llama, alpaca, vicuña, guano,

quina (quinine) ,

ynca, and charqui (hence jerked beef) .

coca,

QUICHUA

DICTIONARY . *

A

QUICHUA

ENGLISH

SPANISH

Aa

. Interjection of en- Interjeccion treaty Estiercol Aca . Filth , rust Orin Acayoc quellay . Rusty iron Aca sapa Oriniento Very rusty Pico · A beak Acacllu

Acacuni Acahuana Ynca .

Acahuara Acana sañu

To supply with pro- Provearse visions • One of the architects of the fortress of Cuzco Honeycomb Servant

Pañal Servidor

* The verbs, in the Quichua column, are in the first person singular, of the present tense, indicative mood, and active voice.

64

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Acapana

• Red appearance of Arreboles clouds

Sky with clouds

Acapanayoc

• Sky without bright Cielo sin arreboles clouds

Acapananac Acapanasapa Acarcana

Acarhuay . Acatanccu

bright Cielo con arreboles

•

·

Full of bright clouds · Caul, peritoneum • A large butterfly • A scraper

Cculli-acca

An exclamation of grief Exclamation of impatience · Fermented liquor • Red chicha

Chumpi-acca

· Dark chicha

Acau Acaya Асса

•

Lleno de arreboles Redaño Mariposa grande Rascador

Interjeccion Basta

Chicha Chicha colorada

Chicha bermeja

Puchcu-acca . • Sour chicha Chicha agria Poccusca-acca · Well seasoned chicha Chicha bien sazonada Acca asna • Smell of chicha Olor de chicha New chicha Uiñapuc acca Acca-camayoc . Seller of chicha

Chicha nueva

Acca-casnini

To ferment chicha

Fermentar la chicha

Acca- chayasca

Ill from chicha

Accacuni

Acca-huasi Acchallcu .

Vendedor de chicha

drinking Enfermo de chicha

• To make chicha Tavern Beard of maize

Hacer chicha Venta Cabellos de mazorca

la

65

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Acco

Sand

Acco-acco

• Sandy Full of sand

Acco- sapa Accoy . • Accochinchay Accuni .

Arenoso Lleno de arena

Innumerable as sand Innumerable

Comet

Ach . Achaccha .

To vomit

Cometa Vomitar

It ought to be

Debe ser

• A pudding of ocas Masamora de ocas (oxalis tuberosa) How beautiful ! Que lindo!

Achallay Achallayñi

Arena

•

· To like a thing for Tener gusto a alits beauty guna cosa por ser linda

Achallayuichini . To cause admiration Causar cion Achancara

admira-

· A red and white Flor blanca y coflower with which lorada the Indians adorn their heads

Many

Mucho encantidad

Achca-cuti • Achca-mitta

Many times

Muchos veces

Achca-achcani

To increase

Achca .

Aumentar

Huanuy achca . Very many Millay achca . Innumerable To sneeze Achhini

Muchisimo

Achihua

Achihuallicuni . To shade

Quitasol, sombra Asombrar

Achihuallichini · To shade another

Asombrar a otro

Achini .

Shade

Innumerable Estornudar

To divine by juice Adivinar from coca leaves F

66

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Achiote

Bixa Orellana, seeds Arnotto used to give food a red colour

Achira .

Canna achira, an edi- Raiz de comer ble root (Canna paniculata, R. P.) Canna iridiflora CannaIndica (R. P.)

Sumac-achira Achoccha.

• Mashed oca root ( Ox- Raiz de comer alis tuberosa) A useful wood in the Madera forests near Hua-

Achocon .

nuco. (Leonia glycycarpa R. P.) Exclamation of in- No lo creo credulity Piña Pine-apple

Achu Achupalla .

Achupalla- camac Plantation of pine- Piñal alpa . • apples Raiz venenosa Achura Poisonous root Achurani

•

Achuray Acllani • Aclla-cuna Acllac . Aclla huasi

Acllay . Aclluni Acllurini .

• To distribute

Repartir Distribucion

Distribution To choose, set apart

select, Escoger

Virgins of the Sun • He who is elected

Virgenes del Sol El escogido

Convent of Virgins Convento of the Sun Chosen

To stammer

Escogido Tartamudear

To begin to speak, to Empezar a hablar learn the language

67

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Acnani . Acna-cuna

To perform a cere- Hacer ceremonia mony Dresses, utensils, Cosas para sacri& c., for a cereficiar mony or sacrifice

·

Acna- cuna-caMaster of the cere- Maestro de ceremonias monies mayoc · Pretty, handsome Bonito Acnapuy . Acnapu-llicuni . To dress gaily Acsu

·

Vestirse galanamente

Petticoat

Saya To put on a petticoat Ponerse la saya

Acsullicuni

Acta

• Tick, louse

Actuni

Garrapata

To spit

Escupir Acullini (see Chac· To chew coca leaves Mascar coca chani) . Pellet of coca leaves Pelota de coca Acullicu • Malvado Wicked Acuy

Ahua

. A large parrot • To weave

Ahuani

Ahua

Woven cloth

Ahuac

Weaver

Tejer Ropa tejida Tejedor

• A pattern woven in Figuras que se teje the cloth en el tejido Telar A frame or loom

Ahuaqui • Ahuana Ahuarini .

Ahuaripuni . Ahuarecuni · Ahuay Ahuasca Ahuancana

Loro

·

To begin to weave

Comenzar a telar

To continue weaving . To finish weaving · Woof and warp • Woven

Proseguir a telar Concluir a telar

A kind of eagle

El tejer Tejido Aguila

68

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Ahuara

Gran bestia · A tapir A cactus, the thorns Cactus of which are used as needles

Ahuaruncu

Cactus Airampo (Ha- Cactus enke) . The seed dyes a beautiful clear violet, but soon fades.

Airampo

Ala .

. Interjection of com- Pobre de ti! passion

Alalau .

Alalau-ñini

Alcamari

Interjection of com- Quefrio ! plaint at the cold ·

• To complain of the Quejarse del frio cold

•

picatus, Halcon (Bethylus Cuv. ) Alargehawk, black and, white, in the loftier parts of the Cordillera. (See Coraquenque .) • To want, miss Faltar

Alcani .

Alcasapa . Alcay • • Allani .

Allapuc Allco

Full of wants The thing missing To dig up roots • A labourer

Lleno de faltas La cosa faltada Sacar raizes

Labrador

• A dog (Canis Ingo) Perro Allcop caracunCollar de perro can . A dog's collar Allco huacani

To bark

Allcocta yallic quella punuc . Lazier than a dog

Ladrar

Mas perezoso que un perro

69

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Me tratas como Allcoyupactam á un perro ñihuanqui caYoutreat melikeadog huanqui • · Allcochani To insult Afrentar Allhuini · . To warp, to dispose Urdir the threads lengthways for the loom Allhuyna caspicuna · Battens used for the Los palos queusan para urdir warp Alli . Bueno Good, satisfied Manan alli • • Bad Malo Allicac He who is content El que esta contento Allicausac · He who lives con- El que vive contented tento

Goodness, content Health

Allicay Allillacay .

• Virtue

Allicausay Allin-runa

• A gentleman

Bondad Salud Virtud Cavallero

Ucupallilla caymi Health of the body Alliricchac · • Handsome

Salud del cuerpo Hermoso

Alliricchay . Alli-soncco ·

Beauty Good-hearted

Hermosura Buen corazon

Alli-yahuar

Noble blood Well brought up

Alto linaje Bien criado

Well dressed Benefit

Bien vestido

Alli-uiñachica Alli-chaca Allim .

•

Allin-cani

•

Allin-chani

Alli-yachic

·

. To be good · To do good Physician

Beneficio Ser bneno

Hacer beneficios Medico

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

70

To heal

Alli-ani Alli-achini

•

Saludar

· To effect a cure

Sanar a otro

A nursery for raising coca seedlings

Almaciga . Alpa · Alpa cosni

• Earth, dust Tierra, polvo Dust (literally Polvo "earth smoke")

Lleno de polvo Alpa cosni sapa Dusty • · To turn to dust, to Convertirse en tiAlpatucuni die erra ·

Alpini

•

Alpiy . Alpaca .

·

Alparini Amacasa Ama

Solanum R. P.

•

Ama ni

· To dig, scratch Cavar, rascar • A hole dug in the Cavadura ground Alpaca Alpaca To suffer Padecer

•

·

Amañisca Amañic · Amachacuni Amarac • Amachani

•

Amancay .

Amancaes

•

Lycioides,

. Not (an imperative No (prohibiendo) order) · To prohibit Prohibir

. A prohibited thing

Cosa illicita

. He who prohibits • To excuse • Not yet

El que prohibe

· To defend

Disculparse Todavia no

Defendir (Amaryllis aurea, R. Lirio P.) A bright yellow flower.

A mountain near Lima, covered with these flowers in June and July

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Amaru

. A large snake

Amaru-cachu

71

Serpiente grande

(Polianthes tuberosa, L. ) Antidote for snake bites , a cure for snake bites.

Amaru-cancha . A great hall in anci- Galpon grande en ent Cuzco (G. de el Cuzco la Vega, I, lib. vi, cap. 4) Amauta Wise, prudent, able, Hombre docto, salearned bio Amautayani . Amini .

· To become learned Volverse sabio • To cause disgust, to Causar hastio loathe

Amipayapucuy . Gluttony Amisca Remains of food

Rana • A frog • To assist each other Ayudarse mutuamente

·

Ampatu Ampuni

•

Amu

•

Amullini

Dumb, silent •

Amullayacuni simicta ·

Amucca

Anac

•

Anacani Anacchani Anacu .

.

Gula

Sobras de la comida

• •

Mudo

To have something Tener alguna cosa en la boca in the mouth • To mutter to oneself Gruñir Camarones secas

• Dried shrimps • Hard To be hard

Duro Ser duro

• To make athing hard Hacer duro A blackmantle worn Manto de Indias by Indian women, as mourning for the Incas

72

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Anallu .

. An ant

Ananau , anay

•

Ananay Anas

•

Anas-ccachu . Anca

·

Ancallu

•

Ancara

Ancas .

Hormiga

Interjections of pain Interjeccion de dolor

An interjection weariness • A small fox

Teñirla azul

To dye blue Ancas-rumi (see Umiña) • . A torquoise · Verdigris Ancas-llimpi •

•

Anchayani Anchaconi Anchallarac • Anchini •

·

Anchochuta

Anchuchini

•

•

·

Ancosani . Ancosanacuni

Foro

• (Salvia punctata, R. Flor P.) · • An eagle Aguila Vestido rico A rich garment Calabaza A calabash Blu e Azul •

Ancaschani ·

Ancayllini Ancha .

of

Turquesa Cardenillo

Το cry out

Gritar

Very (superlative ) Muy • To get much worse, Empeorar be very ill Ser generoso To be generous • Bold, audacious Atrevido · To mourn Gemir . (Baccharis latifolia) Especie de planta To be divided from Ser dividido Brindar • To drink a health

To drink to other

each Brindar uno con otro

Ancu •

Nerve, bowstring

Nervio, cuerda del arco

An denes ·

Terraced gardens

Andeneria

P

73

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Anta

Gran bestia

Anta

Cobre

• Tapir . Copper Chacrusca anta . Bronze

Anta-chacra . Anta huaylla

Anta-asitua •

Anti-suyu

Anti-onccoy . Antara .

Antay-quiru ..

Bronce

• Copper mine

A brown meadow Provincia de An(hence the prodahuaylas vince of Andahuaylas) The month of July Julio Eastern division of the Empire of the Incas

• Fever and ague Sort of pipes

A child that has not Niño que no le han salido los di . yet cut its teeth entes

Anta quiru son• Innocence cocay • Anucani • To wean a child

Añas

Calentura

Pandaan Especie de flauta

Anta quiru soncoyoc • • • Innocent

Anyani Anyay Añallu .

Mina de cobre

• To quarrel, abuse • A dispute

Innocente Innocencia Destetar

Reñir Pleito

· A kind of large- Hormiga grande con alas winged ants • A fox Zoro

Añas runa punuy- A great sleeper in Dormilon de dia siqui • the day time de • Interjection ofpraise, Interjeccion Añay added to nouns as laudacion a particle

74

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Añus (see Oca) .

• (Oxalis tuberosa, L. ) Raiz de comer A root more bitter than the oca

Añucchi

The small maize that Granos de maiz pequeños grows at the end of the ear Fresada gruesa · A thick blanket

Ара

To carry, to send

Apachini Apacheta,

Llevar, enviar

see Pacheta The bearer

Арас •

Soncopi apachaycacha yuyapi . To bear in mind · To bring, fetch Apamuni · To carry Apani .

Portador Llevar en la memoria Traer Llevar

• The load

Carga Apana • Facil de llevar . Easy to carry Apanalla Apantin llama A llama with its load Llama cargada Gemelos Apantin ,Apapura Twins Ladron • A thief · Apapu Aparicuni

•

Aparichisca · Apasanca · Api .. Apini ·

•

Apichu

Apu Hatun-apu

Apucay

•

• To be laden • Laden . A spider . Maize pudding · To cook a pudding · Sweet potato ( Convolvulus batata, Lin.) • Chief, lord General

Ser cargado Cargado Araña Masamorade maiz

Cocer masamora Camote

Señor, jefe, juez General

The office of a judge Oficio de juez

75

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Apusquepay Apu-apulla

. Leader of an army · Proud

Jefe del ejercito Soberbio

Apuyupa .

· One in high author- El que esta en autoridad ity

Apuchani

· To honour, venerate Venerar Ancestors Antepasados · Great-grandfather Bisavuelo

Apusqui cuna Apusquipya

Apusquipayan . Great-great-grandfather Apusquiyoc

Apupantin Aque

Aquilla Aracacha Arahua • Aranya . · Arapa Ararihua Ari Ariñi

Ari ariya ? Ari ! quepay Arihua Arihuay

Tetaravuelo

· One of ancient line- De buen linaje age Lieutenant Teniente • Mother-in-law of the Yerna del marido husband A cup of silver Vaso de plata • An edible root (Co- Raiz de comer nium moschatum) Horca Place of execution Danza con masA masked dance caras · A trellice

Gelosia

. Manager ofan estate Mayordomo hacienda Yes Si To affirm • Is it not so ?

Afirmar No es asi?

Yes ! remain (hence Arequipa) A bril • Month of April • A

dance, home

harvest Bayle

de

76

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Arimsani

To sow on fresh land Sembrar en terreno nuevo

Ariruma

Name of a sweet Flor scented flower

Armani . Armana Arnaucho Arpani •

Arpana- cuna Apana-pacha Arsu

Arsuni . Aruicuni

To bathe • A bath

Bañar Baño

· Capsicum frutescens, Aji R. et P. ) To sacrifice with Sacrificar con sanblood gre . Instruments for sa- Instramentos pacrifice ra sacrificar

The time of sacrifice Tiempo de sacrificar A heap of corn • To heap up corn

Monton de maiz Amontonar

Aruicachu

To have the feet tied Tener los pies atados Planta ratera • A creeper

Ascamalla

• Very soon

Ascancuy Ascu

· (Hystricines) • (Solanum tuberosum) Papa Reir . To laugh

Asini Asi-ñaui Asiy .

· Laughing eyes · Laughter

• Jatropha manihot Asipa Asitua (see Anta-asitua) Aslla • Little Aslla aslla manta Little by little Asllalla · Very little • Asllallamanta

En muy poco tiетро

Alegre de los ojos Risa Yuca

Chico De poco en poco

Chiquito . Almost,wantinglittle Casi

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Asna Asni Aspas, asllapas

Aspi Aspini Astani

Bad smell

A part • Some

77

Mal olor Porcion

Algo Hole in which coca Cavidad is planted Cavar • To dig, excavate Mudar · To carry

Asuan

More

Mas

Asuca Asuha

Seal, sea lion

Lobo marino

Asutini • Atahualpa

Atau

Ataucniyoc Atausapa . Atauchi .

Ati Ati-mosccoy Atichini . Aticllani Atillcha .

Atillchani . Atini Llapa-atipac Atipani .

· Chicha (word used Chicha in Guamanga) Azotar To flog • Cock, name of the Gallo Inca. Chance game, for- Ventura, juego tune of war

• A lucky man

Hombre dichoso

Muy dichoso Very lucky · A married prince of Principe casado the blood royal · A bad omen Aguero malo Sueño malo A bad dream • To spend To prepare

Gastar

Preparar

Rivals, companions Competidor opposed at play To compete Competir . To be able Poder

Almighty To conquer

Todo poderoso Vencer

78

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Powerful

Atipac Atic .

• Conqueror • Victory • A fox (Canis Azara) Sua-atoc-runa . A cunning thief Auasca Coarse cotton cloth •

Atiy . Atoc

Aucca Enemy, traitor Aucca-aucca-paTime of war cha Auccani

•

Auccac

· To fight A soldier

Auccac cunapapu General in chief

Poderoso Vencedor Victoria Zoro Ladron Ropa ordinaria Enemigo

Tiempo de guerra Pelear Soldado Commandante en

jefe Guerra Battle, war Auccay Tambor Auccay-huancar War drum • · Unmarried prince Principe soltero de Auqui of the blood royal la familia real Rineri-yoc auqui Chief of the Orejones Jefe de los Orejones

Auqui- cuna Aya Ayap uman

. Nobles · Dead · A corpse

Nobleza Muerto Cadaver

Llorar por los muAyacta huacapaertos To mourn the dead yani • dead men Acorner of Esquino de muerAya-cucho tos

""

""

Aya-huantu Aya-huasi .

A famous field of Nombre de un campo de batbattle talla

. A shroud A tomb

Mortaja Sepulcro

79

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Aya-marca

Ayayani

November; a feast to Noviembre commemorate the dead • To die

Morir

Ayar (see Quinoa) . (Chenopodium qui- Quinoa nua) wild quinua Piedra bezar • Bezoar stone Ayaylla .

Aycha

.

Aychannac Aycha-catu

Flesh · The spirit

Carne

· Meat market

Espiritu Mercado de carne

Aycura .

· Thatch

Barda

Ayllu

Lineage, tribe, fa- Tribu, familia mily Good lineage Buen linaje · A relation Pariente · All the tribe Todo el tribujunto

Ayllu-ayllu Ayllu-runa Aylluntin . Aylluni

• To divide according Dividir segun los to tribes tribus

Aymara .

Nation subject to Nacion de Aymaras the Yncas, on the banks of Lake Titicaca

Aymurani

To gather maize

Aymuray Aynani . Ayna sapa Ayñini Ayñicuni Aypuni .

Ayquini .

Entrojar

May, time of har- Mayo, tiempo de vest cosechar • To flower · Flowery • To grumble To contradict • To distribute To flee, escape

Florecer

Florido Rezongar Contradecir Repartir Huir

80

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Ayquec Ayquey

A fugitive . Flight

Fugitivo Fuga

Ayrampu (see Airampo) • An axe Ayri

Hacha

Ayrihua (see Arihua) . To weigh • A balance Aysana

Balanza

Aysani

Ayssani . Aytacupi

Aytini Ayttini

To drag, to stretch · (Tafalla glauca, R. P.) A chloranthaceous plant . To wash metal • To reel up thread

Pesar

Arrastrar Especie de planta .

Lavar metal Devanar

Ayuc

To commit adultery Cometer adulterio Adultero An adulterer

Ayuy

Adultery

Ayuni

Adulterio

C

Ca, cachic Caca

• Take (defective verb) Tomad . Uncle, brother ofthe Tio mother

Сасса

• A rock

Yachapayac cacca An echo • Top of a rock Cacca-pata Cacha Cacharini . Cachca •

Cachi

• A messenger . To unite

• Anything sharp Salt

Peña Eco Cumbre

Propio Unir Cosa acera Sal

81

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Cachini .

• To cause

Cachorro

A game like hops- Juego cotch. Word used at Guamanga • (Thibaudia acuminata, Jus.) A fast Ayuno · It thunders Truena

Cachu-yuyu Caci

•

Cacim

•

• Cheek

Caclla Cacclanchani Cacclanchay Cahuani

Cahuna . Caihua-caihua

Calahuala Calatu

•

Calisaya

Calla

Calla- cunchuy

To box the ears

Causar

Mexilla

Dar bofetadas

· A box on the ear

Bofetada • To pant, hiccough Palpitar Threadtwisted twice Hilo torcido dos veces

· (Dianthera multiflora, R. P.) Leaves edible, roots used for cleaning teeth A fern (Polypodium Especie de helecho Calahuala)

• A dog without hair Perro sin pelo The most valuable Cascarilla species ofchinchona, yielding febrifugebark. Derived from ccali ( strong) and sayani (I stand up) Rueca A distaff Name of one of the architects of the fortress of Cuzco

82

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Callani Callchani

Callchay · Callhua . •

Callpa Callpanac . Callpanchani • Callquini Callqui-rumi Callquisca . Cam (see Ccam ) Cama •

Cama-allpa Camanca Camayoc •

Cama

To pave

. To reap corn • Harvest

Segar Cosecha

The board or frame La tablilla con on which cloth is que aprieten lo woven tejido Fuerza . Force, vigour • Weak Debil

• To strengthen • To pave · Paving stone

• Paved You

Esforzar Solar

Piedra para empedrar Empedrado Tu

. According to, as far Segun, hasta as Buen terreno · Fertile land Digno Worthy • Official, one holding Oficial any office or engaged in any occupation Todo All (see page 30)

Cama llamcancaAll work man Cama-caman • Each for himself Camachic

A governor Council Camachinacuy A mandate Camachisca Camachisca- simi Law

Camachiy . Camascu •

Solar

• Government • Perfect

Todo trabajo Cada uno por si Gobernador

Consejo Mandamiento

Ley Gobierno Perfecto

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Camallanmi Camani .

• •

Camac Pacha-camac

Camasca

83

• To be enough · To create

Bastar

• Creator

Criador

Criar

• Creator of the world Criadordel mundo Creation Creacion

Camarini

• To prepare, arrange Aparejar Camayoc (see Cama) Camcha . · Toasted maize Maiz tostado Campucasa

Cana Cancani .

(Solanum stellatum, R. P. ) Word used at Tarma Finally · To roast

Finalmente

Asar Asado

Cancasca aychu Roast meat Cancha • • Place, court, enclo- Plaza sure Cancu Sacrificial bread Pan del sacrificio · To be Cani Ser, estar Canillani Canini

•

Canipu .

. To hate mortally · To bite

Detestar

· A small silver dish

Plato chico plata

Canopa (see Conopa) Cantini · To twist

Cantu

•

• (Pariphragmos dependens, R. P. )

Cantut, Cantu-ttica (Pariphragmos uniflorus, R. P. ) This flower was used in the garlands of youths at the Huaracu festival

Mordir

Torcir

de

84

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. coloured Cosas de colores Pucay- cantutric- Bright chac • things especiosos • Name of an eastern Barrio del Cuzco Cantut-pata suburb of ancient Cuzco

Capallu . Capia • • Capu Capuli

•

• A pumpkin, gourd · White, maize

Colabaza Maiz blanca

• (See page 55) · (Physalis pubescens, R. P.)

Caran Scyri (see Scyri) • A large plate Carasu • Plato grande • All worthless species Cascarillas brutas Carhua-carhua ofchinchona trees • To cover with an Entoldar Carpani . Carpa-huasi

awning • A house with a cor- Casa con corridor ridor

Carpunya (see Ccarpunya) Caru • • Distant, far off Caru-runa . • A foreigner

Carunchacuni

Cascu

•

Casiamuru

Salir

. To depart

Carunchacuchiy An exile Carunchacuy • Absence Asuan caru • Further off. Azangaro A thorn Casa

Lejos Forastero

Exilio Ausencia Hence Mas afuera

• Bosom • (Solanum scabrum, R. P. ) Name used in Huanuco

Espina Pecho

85

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. · A clod of earth

Casma Casnini

To ferment

Terron Fermentar

Caspi (see Ccaspi) . A tree, pole · A tree under which, Arbol Caspi- caracha according to Velasco, if any man passes, he catches a fever Cassana .

A great hall in ancient Cuzco. (G. de la Vega, lib. ii, cap. 4. ) Mascar To chew

Castuni

Southern cross con- Constellacion stellation la Cruz

Catachillay Catari Catas

Venomous snake

•

·

Yerno

• To follow

Catirini . Catuchillay

Serpente venenoso

· (Embothrium emarginatum, R. P.) So called at Tarma. Flowers used to decorate churches

Son-in-law

Catay Caticuni

·

Cauchani Cauchuni

Cauchuc

Caupuni . Caupusca .

de

Seguir Cazar To chase • A constellation near the milky way (Acosta, lib. v)

. To pick leaves • To practise sorcery The Indian-rubber tree (Velasco) • To twist thread

Torcer hilas

• Twisted thread

Hilas torcidas

Coger hojas Hechizar Herve

86

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Causani . Causarini .

• To live • To bring again . Alive

Causac Causachini

Cay

•

·

Cayau-cachi

Caylla

to

life Resuscitar

• To give life • This Here

Cayman Саусса

Vivir

•

Cayri Cichpa . Citua (see Situa) Coca •

Coca-chacra Cochuch

• Look here !

Vivo Dar la vida

Este

Aqui Mira !

Name of a western Barrio del Cuzco suburb of ancient Cuzco, a hundred pacesfrom the city Second cousin Primo segundo ó · Or, either Primo hermano • First cousin

• (Erythoxylon Coca.) Coca Leaf chewed by the Indians Hacienda de coca A coca farm Elbow

Codo

Colac

• (Culcitiumcanescens)

Colla

A remedy (Poeppig) Remedio • Southern division of the Empire

Colla-suyu Collahuayas

Collca

· A peculiar race of itinerant doctors or Called also medicine vendors . Yungeños, Charasanis ; and on the coast Chirihuanos

The Pleiades (Acosta, lib. v.)

1

87

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Collcampata

The palace on a height above Cuzco, where the youths were examined preparatory to the Huaracu festival. G. de la Vega says that Collcam has no meaning in Quichua, but that it belongs to the court language of the Yncas, now lost. Pata means terrace, or bench

Collini

To cover a fire with Cubrir el fuego con cenizas cinders

Reddish-brown co- Bermejo lour

Colli . Comana ..

A wooden sword us- Lazadera para teed in weaving jer Dios • A name of God

Con Concha •

Nephew or niece of Sobrino de la herfather's sister mana del padre

Concona

· A plant used for ear-aches, and to season food (Piperacea) Conic puquio (see Termas • Warm spring Cconi) de la casa Dios Conopa (see Canopa) Household God • A

Copahira

stalactite. So Estalactita called at Puno

A storehouse Bodega Herbazal Pasture ground Corani · • To emasculate Capar Coraquenque (see Al- Same bird as Alcamari. The black and white wing feathers were worn camari) in the headdress of the Ynca Husband Cosa Marido

Coptra . Cora-cora

•

Coyeha •

•

Cuca (see Coca) Cucaracha

· Name of a fish

A cockroach

Pescado

Escarabajo

88

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Cuchi

• A pig A tail

Cuchuch Cuchuchu

Cola

• A truffle • To cut

Cuchuni . Cuchuna •

Cucupi . Cuis-mancu

Puerco

•

Culantra

Cullani Cullac Cullancha Culli (see Puca) Culli- sara .

Cumcum-ñiy · Cumpani Cuna

Cunan

Criadilla detierra Cortar Cuchillo

. Knife • Liver

Higado • Title of the chief of the valley of the Rimac, on the Peruvian coast

• (Petroselinum vum) · To feel

sati-

• Sensitive, delicate · A net, basket • Red

Reddish maize · Noise, thunder To break

Cunan mitta Cunani Cunac Cunancuni

Red, canasta Rojo Maiz roja Trueno

Rompir The usual plural ending of nouns Now Ahora

Cunan cunancau• Present life say Cunan-huata Cunan cama

Sentir Sensitivo

This present life · Until now This time · To advise, counsel • Councillor

1 E La vida presente Esta vida Hasta ahora

Esta vez Consejar

Consejero . To consult together Consejar uno con otro

Cunay, Cunasca Advice Cunca . Neck, voice

Consejo Quello, voz

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Cunti-suyu

Cuntur

Curac

Western division of the Empire of the Yncas

A condor

Cunununan •

Curaca Curacchani Curca Curu Curru

Cururani Cuscuni . Cus Cusi Cusicuni • Cusi-simi . Cusi-manalla Cusi-sami .

89

• It thunders The eldest son

• Chief of a tribe

To reward A beam

Condor Truena Hijo primogenito Jefe, cacique Premiar

Viga · A worm, maggot Gusano · Seeds, apparently of an Helecteris, powdered and mixed with fat to rub the bones, when painful . Sold by the Collahuayas . To reel up into a ball Aspar • To arrange a pattern Colocar un modelo Tos · Cough (Spruce) Gozo • Joy

To be joyful Good news • Full ofjoy

Ser alegre Noticias buenas Lleno de allegria

Fortune, glory Dicha, gloria Fortunate Dichoso • Cusi-sami-yoc · Cusi-pata . A square in ancient Una plaza en el Cuzco Cuzco Cusi-cusi Cusillu •

Cusquic- Raymi

Cutama .

• Spider · A monkey

Araña Mono

• Month ofJune. Third Junio great festival in the year Saco, talega . A sack, large bag

90

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Cutani Cutini

•

Cuti .

Pacha-cutec Cutiri

·

Cuyoll

·

· To grind • To overturn Time

Moler Trastornar Vez

. Name of one of the Yncas (literally "time overturned " or " changed") To look back • (Martinizea ensifor- Palma A mis,. R. P. ) palm, in Pozuzu

Cuyani · Cuyuni .

• To do good, to love Beneficiar, amar To move Mover

Cuycuyni Cuycuyna

· To whistle

Chiflar

• Whistle

Chifla

Cuymi

.

• Amarantus caudatus. So called in Caravaya

Cuzco (see Ccosco) . The capital of the Capital del Peru Empire ofthe Yncas Hanan-Cuzco

• Upper Cuzco

Hurin-Cuzco

. Lower Cuzco !

Cc Сса

Before

Antes

Ccaca

• A cup

Ccaccaccahay .

• Thunderstorm (Hol- Tempestad de truenos guin) • To contribute provi- Contribuir bastipara mentos sions for an inn una venta (Holguin)

Ccaccacuni

Tasa

91

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Ccaccachini Ccaccachic Ccacci • Ccaci Ccaconi .

Ccacha-rumi .

To solicit contribu- Pedir contributions ciones • A purveyor • Chin

Abastecedor

Barba Perezoso

• Lazy • To scrub, rumple . A millstone

Estregar Piedra de molino a Moler con una piedra

Ccachap topani . To grind with stone Ccachachacha . Spark (Holguin) Ccachca . • . Anything sharp

Ccachcana

Chispa Cosa aguda

• Things hard to eat

Ćcachu ·

• Grass, unripe fruit Ccachu-ccachu . Pasture Ccachua . · A dance holding • handinhand (Torres Rubie) Sister-in-law Ccachumiy Ccachun . Daughter-in-law

Cosa dura para comer Yerba Pastura

Bayle

Cuñada Yerna En vano

Ccacim ·

· In vain

Ccaclla Ccacnani

• Tree uprooted, or a Arbol desencajado branch broken off Atascar · To stop up

Ccacñiy . Ccaecca .

• Thunder Paint

Ccahua • Ccahuac Ccahuani • Ccahuaccuni

Truena

Afeyte Leña

Fuel • A sentry, spy • To view

• To view height

from

Centinela Mirar a Mirar desde una altura

92

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . • Sight Ccahuanay Ccahuacana ttuco A window Ccahuana . . An observatory

Vista Ventana Observatorio

Ccahuaycama Ccahue .

• Picturesque Pintoresco • Ocas dried in thesun Ocas secadas

Ccahulto

•

• A frame to sleep on Barbacoa Hilo • Thread

•

• Strong, valorous A mushroom

Ccaita

•

Ccali

•

Ccallampa Ccallani .

•

Ccallarini

•

• To break Callasca-rincri • Bored ears

Ccallarichic Ccallccani

Ccallma .

Ccallpa .

•

. To begin • Author • To be foot- sore • Branch • Sterile, barren

Fuerte, valoroso Seta Romper Orejas horodadas Empezar Autor Despear Ramo Esteril

Ccallpallarac alpa Waste land Ccallu •· · Tongue Ccam · You

Terreno inculto

Ccamquiquyqui . You yourself Ccamani • To sin • Sin Ccamay

Tu mismo

Lengua Tu

Pecar Pecado

Ccamaymichay . It is my fault Es culpa mia Ccamamamacc A man or woman in Hombre ó mugir callallallam the flowerofyouth en la flor de su joventud (Holguin) Ccamanttira Akind offinch. Black with blue wings, red breast, and green shoulders (Holguin) • The Ynca's buffoon Truhan del Ynca Ccamchu

93

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Ccamchuni Ccamonea

•

Ccamuni

Truhanear • To play the fool • (Iriartea deltoidea, Especie de palR. P. ) Name of a ma palm tree in the forests of Ponuzu To chew

Ccamupucuni Ccanani .

•

Ccanchi

. To chew the cud • To set on fire • Light • To give light

Ccanchani

Seven

Ccanchiz

Mascar Ruminar

Pegar fuego Luz Dar luz

Siete

Ccanchiz chunca Seventy

Setenta

Ccanchiz-pachac Seven hundred

Siete cientos

. The day before yes- Ante- ayer terday A bush (Baccharis) growing on the lofty plains of the Andes : used for fuel at Puno, Lampa, &c. Palma • Palm of the hand

Çcanimpa

Ccanlla .

Ccapa

•

Ccapani Ccapa

•

•

To measure with the Medir a palmas hand

• Pleasant

Alegre

Ccapa-ccapalla . Very cheerful Ccapachani

Ccapac

Muy alegre . To do a thing with Hacer una cosa con alegria pleasure · Rich, grand, illus- Rico, ilustre trious

Ccapac ayllu

• A great lord, king • Royal family

Ccapac-ccoya Ccapac llacta

. The queen • The capital city

Ccapac apu

Señor ilustre, rey Familia real La reyna Metropoli

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

94

Ccapac yahuar· Blood royal niyoc • The sovereign Ccapac Ynca · Empire Ccapacay • • Month of August Ccapac-situa

Sangre real El soberano Dominio

Agosto Ccapac-Raymi . Month of November Noviembre

Ccapac -titu Ccaparini Ccapchani Ccapini . Сcapñuni Ccapo (see Tola) Ccara

. August prince (G.de Principe agosto la Vega, i, p.145) Llamar, gritar To call, cry out • To cut by the root Tronchar • To press , squeeze • To bud

Exprimir Brotar

• Skin

Cuero, piel

Caspi-ccara (see · Bark of a tree Quina) . Lasso Ccara-huasca Ccarachini Ccaracha .

To flay · Itch among llamas

Challuap-ccarachan • Scales of fish • Papa-ccara Cuchi-ccara

Ccarasu . Ccaramuni

Ccaramuc .

Corteza Soga Escocer Sarna entre los llamas

Escamas

• Potato peel

Cascaradelapapa · Pigskin(nativename Especie de cascaofa worthless sperilla cies of chinchona in Ecuador) Pavo del monte • A curassow To serve at table • A servant

Hacer el servicio de la mesa

Criado

95

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Ccarani .

Ashrub (Gaultheria) Especie de planta so called in Cararaya CO· (Mecrocnemum rymbosum, R. P.) · A lizard Lagartijo • To turn out, banish Desterrar Yellow Amarillo

Ccaratu . Ccarayhua Ccarcconi Ccarhua

A man

Ccari Ccari-huahua Ccari-huarma

Ccari-soncco Ccarpa . Ccarpani

Ccarpasca . ·

Ccarpunya

Ccaru (see Caru) Ccaruni . Ceasa

•

Son of the mother • Man and wife • Manly

Varon Hijo del madre

Hombre y mujer Varonil

· A tent, shed Toldo · To irrigate (Torres Regar Rubio) Tierra regada Irrigated land • (Piper heterophyllum, Especie de pimiento R. P.) A species of pepper growing in the forests of Huanuco

. To waste, squander Desperdiciar Yelo Ice

Sonccoymi ccasan Frozen with horror Helado con espanto Helado Ccasasco • • Frozen Helada Frost Ccasay •

Ccasay pacha Ccascani

• Winter

Invierno

• To unite

Ccasi

· Vain, useless

Pegar Cosa vana

Ccasilla

•

In vain

En vano

96

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Toasted maize

Ccaspa ·

• Curly hair

Ccaspa-chuccha

Maiz tostado Pelo rizado

Ccaspi (see Caspi) . A staff, stick, tree, Baston, arbol alcalde's staff of office Ccaspi-chaqui

Ccatani . Ccatasca • Ccatana

. Thin legs, calves Piernes flacos gone to grass • To cover, roof Tapar, techar • Roof of a house Techo Socarrenes · Eaves of the roof • To gnash the teeth • To follow

Ccatatani Ccatini .

To chase Ccatipayani Ccayllanmanta ccatini . • To follow closely Ccaructam tini

Colidir los dientes

Seguir Cazar

Seguir de circa

cca- To follow at a dis- Seguir de lejos tance •

Fila uno en pos de otro

Ccatinacuy

• Single file

Ccatircuni

• To bring the flocks Sacar el ganado from pasture de pasto · To brush the teeth Limpiar los dientes Market Mercado

Ccatquini

Ccatu

· Ccauchi .

•

Ccauchu

•

· A chicha jug • A witch, sorceress

Jarro de chicha

Bruxa

Ccaunihua

• Half-green maize stalks, put to dry for fodder. When dry, they are called challi • A spy Espia

Ccaya

· To-morrow

Ccauni

•

SHYO VSHOHLUM

Mañana

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Ccaycama . Ccayantin

Ccaycuni Ccayhuini

Ccaylla . Cayllallam

Cayllacuni Cayllapi

Ccaymita

Ccayna . Ccayna quilla Ccayna huata Ccaynacuni Ccayru •

• Until to- morrow

97 Hasta mañana

After ( applied to Despues time), day after to- morrow • To shut up cattle To stir up

Near ; boundary . Very near · To approach Here

Encerrar ganado Desleir Cerca Muy cerca Acercar

Aqui · (Acostea aculeata, R. P. ) growing inthe forests ofChinchao • Yesterday Ayer • Last month Mes pasado Last year Año pasado To rest on the road Descansar Rana

Ccaytu •

. A frog • Thread

Ccellay Ccello

• Iron

Hierro

. Yellow

Amarillo

. Humming bird

Picaflor Flor

Ccenti

•

Ccentip soncconan A scarlet salvia, so called at Guamanga Behind ; after ; a Ccepi bundle Ccesuara A beautiful plant (Melastoma) SO called in Caravaya Ccica • Grey (word used at

Ayacucho)

BAYERISCHE STAATS 3133LIOTHEK MUENCHEN

Hilo

Atras Especie de planta

Gris H

98

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Ccocan .

• Breast of a fowl

Ccocau

Pechuga de ave

Travelling bag ; pro- Talega de viaje vision for the road

Ccocha • Mama-ccocha

Ccocha-pata

· Lake · The sea

Banks of a lake

Laguna El mar Orillas

Ccochap pocchicOlas cen Waves of the sea Ccocha yuyu A plant used to sea- Planta usuda por son dishes sazonar Ccochani · To dry in the sun Secar Ccochcani

Alpa ccochca

First ploughing

Barbecho

Fallow land

Tierra de descanso

• To wallow on the Revolcar ground Ccochuni • To be pleased Alegrar • A friend Ccochumasi Amigo Ccochumasi chaHacerse amigos cuni • To make friends · Ccochpani

• Pleasure

Ccochuy Ccoctuhuay Ccolla

•

• A large pigeon Tender

Alegria Paloma grande Tierno

Ccollanan

Excellent , best

Excelente

Ccollca

A granary

Granero

Ccolli

• Agile, lively

Vivo

Ccollinini

To cover the fire Cubrir elfuego con with ashes cenizas

Ccolli

(Buddleia coriacea) Oliva silvestre The only tree in the neighbourhood of Puno

99

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Ccollipayani • Ccollota . Ccollpa ·

Ccollqui .

To awaken

Despertar Puño

A fist

Salitre Plata

Saltpetre • Silver

Barra de plata . Bar of silver • Ccollqui-ccoya Mina de plata Silver mine Ccollqui- millu • Alum used for re- Alumbre moving pimples from the skin (Bollaert) • To leave off Ccolluni Dejar Ccollqui-tica

Violent longing • Green

Ccomay . Ccomer .

Ccomer-rumi (or Umina) . • Emerald

Esmeralda

• Stones placed in the water courses , to which the Indians prayed for water Fine cloth Ropa fina • To grind Moler

Ccompa . Ccompi . Cconani . Cconana Cconcani

• •

· Grindstone

Muela

· To forget · Oblivion

Olvidar

Cconcay Cconcascca . A thing forgotten Cconcasccamcani I am forgotten

Cconcha . Cconcor . Cconi Cconi

Pujo Verde

Hearth ; fireplace · Knee To give, shelter

Olvido Cosa olvidada

Soy olvidado Hogar Rodilla

protect, Dar

• A warm place

Lugar abrigado

Ninapi ccoñicuni To warm at the fire Calentarse alfuego Ccoñi-chacuni • To warm well Calentar bien

100

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Сcoñic-puquio • Warm springs Ccoo A large rush or flag • Rubbish Ccopa Ccoppa . • Blue Ccoppa-ttica Ccorana .

Ccoray Ccora Ccorcuni Ccorhuar

Ccori Chichi ccori

• The blue salvia

· A weed hook, sickle

Baños tibios Junco Vasura Azul Flor azul

or Escarda

• Hoeing • Weed · To snore

Sachadura

· Rust

Orin

.. Gold

Oro Polvo de oro

Gold dust

Ccaytu ccori

• Gold thread

Ccori-chacra

• Gold diggings

Mala yerba Roncar

Hilo dorado Mina de oro

Ccori-quenque • A falcon, whose wing feathers were used in the head dress ofthe Ynca Ccori- ccoya

A vein of gold

Veta de oro

Ccori-pacu rincri Ear rings worn by Orejeras del Ynca the Ynca

Ccori-uncu

A gold embroidered Camisa dorada shirt

Ccori-cancha

Place of gold (Tem- Templo del Sol ple of the Sun at Cuzco) Dorado Gilt

Ccorinchasca . Ccorinchani

• To gild

Ccori-tica .

A bar of gold mistake To •

Ccormani Ccoroni ,

To lop off (a limb)

Dorar Barra de oro

Equivocar Desmochar

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Ccorpa • . A guest Ccorpachac sonссо Hospitable • Hospitality Ccorpachay

101

Huesped Amigo de hospitar

•

Ccorpanchani Ccosa Ccosantin . Ccosannac

Ccosayoc . Ccosap mama

To receive guests • Husband • Husband and wife

• Maiden • Married woman

Hospedaje Hospedar Marido

Hombre y mujer Doncella

Mujer casada Mother-in-law of the Suegra de mujer wife

Ccosco (see Cuzco) . Navel ; centre ; ca- Ombligo pitalofthe Empire of the Yncas Сcosñi

. Smoke • Dust

Ccosñi-alpa Ccosñichisca aySmoked meat cha Ccoto • A heap • Ccotoni Ccoto Ccoto-cusillu

Ccoy

Ccoya

Ccoyllur Ccoyo •

To heap up

Humo Polvo

Carne ahumado Monton Amontonar

• Goître • A tribe of monkeys Tribu de monos · Guinea pig (G. de la Conejo Vega, I, lib. vi, cap . 6) Queen ; princess ; Reyna, veta deity of a mine ; shaft • Star

Estrella

• A weal ; mark from Cardenal a blow

102

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Ccoyo yasca

• Marked with weals

Acardenalado

• Dimness before the Nube en los ojos eyes . A robe, or anything Cosa larga que se arrastra long and trailing on the ground

Ccoyru . Ccoysu ·

Potatoes left on the Papas dejadas despues la cosecha ground at harvest time

Ccoyu-papa

Ccuchi •

· Pig • Corner, angle

Ccuchu · Tahua-ccuchu Ccuchuchu Ccuhuñini

Ccuhuñin •

Square An edible root

• To thunder • Thunder

Cochino Esquina Cuadra

Raiz de comer Tronar Truena

Ccuichi .

• A rainbow; the stan- Arco de Iris dard of the Yncas

Cculla

• A baby not weaned

Ccullani .

•

Ccullachini

· To be ticklish To tickle · A dove

Ccullcu .

Ccullqui (see Ccollqui) Ccullu · Wood ; timber Ccullu llacllac · Carpenter

Criatura no destetada

Tener cosquillas Hacer cosquillas Palomita

Madera

Carpintero Ccullu-chuncana Agame like draughts Juego Ccullu-poccha . Corn measure Ccullu-tupu • Measure for corn

Ccullu-cuna Cculluy .

•

Medidapara maiz Almud

: Comb for a loom ; Astillas chips ; splinters

A large ant

Hormiga grande

103

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Ccumu Ccuncu • Ccunununun · Ccupa Ccupayachini Ccuri (see Ccori) Ccusca

Ccuscalla . Ccusquini Ccusqui alpa Ccutcuni

Ccutcu-sapa Ccutipani Ccutmu .

. A hump A bad odour Earthquake • Curly To curl

Corcova Mal olor Temblor

Crispa Crespar

Cosa pareja

Equal

Parejo . Equal . To clear a field of Limpiar de piedras stones

Stony land То gnaw

Tierra pedrosa Roer

Maize attacked by a Maiz roido de gorgrub gojo · To reply, contradict Replicar A small basket for Cesto pequeño measuring coca

Ccutmu-chacra . One-eighth of a tupu Octava parte de un tupu Tener compasion To give alms Ccuyani .

Ccuyca .

Compassion • A worm

Compasion Gusano

Ccuyuni .

• To twist thread

Torcer hilo

Ccuyapayay

Ccuyuyca . Ccuyvi .

Twisted thread · A whistle

Hilo torcido

Silbo

Ch Chac-chicachac

. Used forcomparison in the plural

Chaca

. A bridge

Puente

104 Chacani

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. •

Chacarayani

Chacatani .

· To place one pole Atravesar un palo across another con otro • To pass a narrow Atravesar lugar estrecho place • To make a cross Juntar dos palos en cruz

Chacacayacuni . To stick in one place Chacana A stair ; also a constellation so called (Acosta, lib. v) • To bar a door Chacaycuni That Chacay . Chacca • · Hoarse

Chaccana

Chaccu •

·

Atascar Escalera

Atrancar

Aquel Ronco

• A constellation call- Constelacion llamada "las tres ed "the three MaMarias" rys" · Unequal Desigual

Chacchani (see Acul- To chew coca ; word Mascar coca usedin North Peru · lini) . Chacchuni To irrigate Regar Riego Chacchuy . . Irrigation Chachani · · To dust clothes Despolvorear Chachacuma (Stereoxylon resinosum, R. P. ) A small tree growing in the lofty parts of the Andes round Tarma Chachaul

• (Calceolariapulverulenta, R.P. ) in the province of Cauta

Chachi (see Chacpa) Daughter of a per- Hija de hombre son born feet first que fué nacida de pies Chachua

Noise, row

Chaclla .

Poles for roofing

' Ruido, bulla Palos para techar

105

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Chacllani . Chacmani

To roof

Techar

• To break up the Barbechar ground for sowing Arado . A plough · To load a beast Cargar bestia A load Carga

Chacmana Chacnani Chacnana

Chacnapayani · To overload

Cargar demasiadamente

Chacpa (see Chachi) Child born feet first Niño que nace de pies Farm Chacra Quinta Mesclar Chacruni To mix Chacu Chacuni

Chacu • Chahua .

Caza

• A hunt · To hunt

Cazar

• A broom

Hiniesta

• Raw; unripe ; cruel Crudo, no maduro Fibra de maguey • Aloe fibre

Chahuar

Chahuar-huara Breeches of aloe fi- Especie de cascarilla bre ; a species of (see quira) · near chinchona Loxa, so-called Challa • Dry leaves of maize Hoja seca de maiz Pescado Challhua • Fish Challhuamuni • To fish

Challhuay Challi · Challi-challi

·

Chamani

Pescar

Pesca • A fishery • Dry stalks of maize Paja • A tall grass (Panicum) in the forests of Caravaya Gozar . To enjoy

Gozo • Joy Uiñay chamay . Everlastinghappiness Gozo eterno

Chamay

•

106

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Chamca

. A pudding of ocas • A small pot Clod of earth

Chamillcu

Champa

Masamora de ocas Olla

Cesped · A nail ; mace ; a Clava battle-axe. The novice at the festival of the Huaraca received it, with the word Auccacunapac (for traitors) Chanacuy (see Mitachanacuy • Chanca . • · Leg ; thigh Pierna ; muslo Chanca · • • A tribe of Indians Tribu de Indios by conquered Huira-cocha Ynca Chanca . • A polluted thing Cosa contaminada Champi

Mana-chancasca- Virgin huarmi . •

Chani

Chaniyoc Chaninac . Chanin-chani Chanrares

Chapa

·

Chapchani Chaprani Chaprasca

Chaprini Chapuni

Chaqui . Chaquicuni Chaquiy

Price • Valuable

Virjen Precio De valor

Worthless

Sin valor

To value

Estimar

· Bells

Campanas Sentinela

. Sentry • To peck ; to nibble Picar Cortar • To cut off • A pruned tree • To shake

Arbol podado Sacudir

• To mix clay · Dry To be thirsty

Mesclar borró Seco

Thirst

Tener sed Sed

107

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Pie . Foot ; leg Planta del pie Chaqui-pampa . Sole of the foot Chaqui-sapa • A thorny palm (As- Especie de palma trocaryum) in the espinosa forests of Caravaya A western suburb Chaquill- chaca of ancient Cuzco Chaqui .

Chara

• Mud

Lodo

Charapa

• A turtle (Spruce)

Tortuga

Charasani (see Collahuaya) • Dried meat Charqui

Sesina

Chasca

Desgreñado

•

•

• Netted, dishevelled

Chasca coyllur . Morning star, planet Lucero Venus . (Acosta, lib. v ; G. de la Vega) Lanza Chasca chuqui . A lance

Messenger, " one Correo, propio who makes an ex• change " (G. de la Vega, i, lib. vi, cap . 7) · To deliver Chasquichini Entregar Cami nar a priesa Chasquipurini . To travel post Chatani . Acusar · To accuse Chasqui

•

Chauchi

Confession · Stump and roots · A large pot

Chaupi •

· In the middle

Chataycuycay Chaucha

Chaupi -punchau Noon This Chay

Confesion Cepa con losraizes

Olla grande En medio Medio dia

Ese

108

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Chayca Chayllam . Chayman Chayniymi Chaypacha Chaypas •

• Presently . Only this Here · My things • Then

Chay-raccmi Chay-raycu Chayani

Entonces Tambien

Now

Ahora Por eso

• To arrive

To return

Chayapucc ru- Intermittent fever pay onccoy • • Tin Chayantanca A flute • Chayna .

Chayña

Aqui Mis cosas

Also

• Therefore

Chayapuni

Luego Solo eso

Llegar Volver Calentura mitente

inter-

Estaño Flauta

(Chrysomitris Magel- Silguerito lanica) , a little singing-bird, building under the eaves of houses at Puno, Lampa, etc. True Verdad

Checa

Checanta-rimac A speaker of truth Checa ñan A straight road Checa sonccocay Simplicity

El que dice verdad

Checantam ñini To speak truth

Hablar verdad

Checallampi Checalanmi

Principalmente De veras

Camino derecho

•

Checamanta Checapacmi

Checapunim Checcani

. Chiefly • Certainly · Perfectly . Really Doubtless

Sencillez

Perfectamente Actualmente Sin duda

To work stones in a Labrar piedras quarry

109

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Checcana .

Pico

Cherchi ,

·

· Pickaxe Roasted maize

Checchi .

•

• Chesnut colour

Mitad

•

• Half • To hate

• Hatred

Odio

Checcta Checnini

Checnicuy Checollo Chenchelcoma

Chequini Chica Chicachac Chicallam

Chia

Maiz asado Color de castaño

Aborrecer

. Name ofa small bird Pajarito like a nightingale (Salvia oppositiflora, R. P.) In arid, situations lofty near Tarma • To scatter

So ; such

Esparcir Tan, tanto

. As great as (plural) Tan grande No mas . No more

•

Egg of a louse • Grain ; hail Chicchi-ccorri • Gold-dust

Chicchi ·

Liendre Granizo Polvo de oro

Chicchipa

· A

Chichi

. A bat ; also a large Murcielago shrimp Flecos de lamanta • Fringe • (Chrysophyllumferu-

Chichilla Chichimicuna

Chichini Chichincama .

bright yellow flower (Composita) round growing Puno and Lampa

gineum) · To sprout • Entirely

Brotar Enteramente

110

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Chichira

Root ofasmall cruci- Raiz usada por medicina fer, used to cure colds round Lampa Preñado · Bulging out ; full

Chichu Chiclluni

To choose

· A sort of thrush Especie de tordo (Velasco) • A calceolaria (see Huaraca )

Chihuayhua

Chihuanhuay Chilca

·

• Stereoxylon pendulum, R. P.

Chillillillini

·

• Timbrels · To sweat

Chillina

·

• Marrow

·

Chillpi Chillpini Chimpa Chimpachini

Chimpu

Grillo

A cricket

Chillicutu

Chimpani

99

99

A shrub (Baccharis), Baccharis scandens; Eupatorium Chilca, R. P.; Molina latifolia

Puma-chilca

Chillchiles

Escoger Estar inquieto

• To be restless

Chicmini Chihuacu

Panderete Sudar

Meollo

Dry leaves of maize Hojas secas maiz To box the ears Dar piguetes

• On the other side • To cross over

To cross

a

river

Otro lado

Passar lado

(Humboldt) Halo round the sun ; Celages also colored fringe

Chimpu-chimpu A fuchsia

de

al

otro

111

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Chimu

•

Chief of a powerful nation on the coast of Peru (the modern Truxillo) To caress Acariciar

•

Female (animals)

Hembra

A jaguar

Tigre

Chimuni

China

Chinca

Chuquin-chincay A constellation so called (Acosta, lib. v) Chincani To hide Esconder Chincachini Chincariclla

Chincha

Chincha-suyu Chincha-uchu Chinchimali • Chinchincca •

Chinchin-culma Chinilla

Chiñini Chiñiy Chipani . Chipa Chipa-curcu Chipana

• To lose

Perder

A lost thing

Cosa perdida • An ancient tribe Tribu antiguo de Indios near the sea-coast of Peru • Western division of the empire A small, very hot Aji capsicum • (Tagetes tenuifolia) · (Rhexia ochypetala, R. P.) • (Mutisia acuminata) · Abeautiful palmtree Especie de palma in the forests of (EuCaravaya terpe) To be quiet Quedarse quieto Silencio • Quiet; silence

• To catch

Nippers; a gag

Coger Alicates

• A trap ; snare Trampa A woman's breast ; Argolla an iron ring ; a staple ; a lens of metal for concen-

112

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Chipipini • •

Chiqui

trating the sun's rays ; a bracelet worn by the High Priest of the Sun Brillar · To shine Desdicha Misfortune

• Envy Envidia Caña . A reed, flag Lluvia con sol sunShowers with Chirapa shine · Clear ; genial Chirau · Claro Season of Spring Primavera Chirau-pacha Dia sereno Chirau-punchau A fine day Chiquicuy Chiracu .

Chirayani Chiri

Chiri-moya

• To freeze

Helarse

• Cold

Frio

Anona cherimolia, a Chirimoya delicious fruit. From chiri, cold, and muya, a fruit garden, or muhu, seed

Chirihuanos (see Tribe of wild Indians eastw. of Charcas Collahuayas ) . Chirina · A shower Aguacero Chiru Lado • Side · Left side Lloque chiru Lado izquierdo Lado derecho Paña chiru . Right side

Chiru-cumpa

Chisi Chisi-chisillam

Chiti Chiuchi

Chiu - chiuñi

· A plant, a warm infusion from which is used for pains in the side ; a specific of the Collahuayas (Bollaert) · Late Tarde

Very late . Dirty · A bird chirping . To chirp

Muy tarde Sucio

Pajaro que esta piando Piar

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Chiuchiyani Chiuiuiuiñichi Choccani

Hacer el huevo • To lay an egg · Air whistling among Viento que silva the leaves of trees Tirar To throw

Chocchos Chocclla Choccllayani Chocclla-poccochi Chochoca Chocmi . Chocni · Chocri

•

Chocri-camayoc Chocri- sapa

Chocta

113

A lupin (Ecuador) Ear of maize

· To grain maize

Lupino Mazorca Granar el maiz

A little singing-bird Pajarito that robs the maize fields Maize toasted, and Maiz tostado y afterwards frozen despues helado Clenched fist Puño cerrado

Blear- eyed Wounded

Lagañoso Herido

Butcher Bruised all over

Carnicero Lastimado en todos partes

• Deformed

Choque- chimca

Disforme • A palm tree, from Especie de palma the wood of which the Indians made lances and arrows. (Guilelma speciosa) , (Martinezia ciliata, R. P. ) Velasco says there are 50 different species of palms, all with the generic name of Chonta • Ounce (Felis onca ) Onza

Choque-challhua

• A fish like a sardine Peje como sardina

Chonta

Choque- saca (Chu• quisaca) • A crow Chuanquiri Chuccu . · А сар

Corvo Goro I

114

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. • Hair

Chuccha Chuchau

Chuchu .

The aloe ·

Chuchu . Chuchucuni Chucru

• Twins

Pelo Maguey Gemelos

Intermittent fever Tertiana (G.de la Vega, i,64) • To tremble Temblar • A sash or turban Cinta ó turbante worn round the head

Chucumpa Chucupa

• Justicia sericea, R. P.

Chullcu

· A kind of sorrel

Especiede asedera

Chullpi .

Small sweet maize • An icicle

Especie de maiz Cerrion hunSumergir, dirse

Head-dress of the Cofia usada en Ayacucho womenat Ayacucho Chulla · One ; half a thing Uno ; mitad Chulla-huahua Only child Hijo unico Una vez · Once Chulla- mitta

Chulluncuy Chulluycuni

To plunge, sink

• To drain off liquor A belt, band, fillet . Chumpi · To fasten round Chumpillicuni · Dark brown colour Chumpi Chunca . · Ten

Chumani

Agotar Correa, faja Amarrar Color pardisco Diez

Once Chuncahucniyoc Eleven Chuncaycuna • Any game of hazard Juego de azar Bat and ball Chuncay Juego con bolas To suck Chunccani Chupar Bowels Chunchulli Intestinos

115

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Chunchus

Tribe ofwild Indians Tribu de Indios to the eastward of infieles Cuzco

Chuncu

Monton A heap Chuncu-hacha • (Gimbernetia obovata), a tree in the forests of Tarma

Chunta (see Chonta) Chuñu Potatos frozen and Papas hedadas y secadas dried in the sun

A tail

Chupa Chupe

•

Chupullu Chuqui •

Cola

• A dish like Irish stew Chupe Great great grand- Tataranieto child · A lance

Lanza

Chuqui-mancu • A great Indian chief Nombre de un jefe de los Indios de on the Peruvian coast (G. de laVega) la costa Chuquin-chincay (See Chinca) Churani . • To put Churana A cupboard

Poner ; echar Alacena

Churccu-churccu

· A wild oxalis. The infusion taken for colds in the Lampa and Azangaro districts

Churi Churintin .

• Son of a father • Father and son

Churichani Churpuni

Churu Mama-churu

Hijo de padre Padre y hijo

To adopt a son Adoptar hijo • To put the pot on Poner olla alfuego the fire · A shell ; an island A snail shell

4

Caracol ; concha Caracol

116

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Churu- mayu Chusac Chusec

· A rush (Piper Chu- Junco rumayu, R. P.) Hueco . Empty ; hollow Lechuza · An owl

Chusna

A little jug

Cantarillo

Chusñini

To hum ; resound

Zumbar

A bag for coca • Diminutive

Chuspa . Chusu Chutani .

Talega de coca Cosa pequeña

To tighten Apretar · A load well fastened Carga bien apreon tada

Chutana

Chuta-salla

(Nunnheziafragrans, Una palma muy R. P.) Name of a fragrante veryfragrantpalm tree

Chutquini

To pull off forcibly

Chuy

. A quail

Desollar Codorniz

Chuya

. Clean ; limpid To be wet

Claro; limpio Estar mojado

Chuychuni

H Haccacllo

Hacchiquis

Hacchu . Hacchuna Haccu

•

A woodpecker on the upper plateaux of the Cordilleras, in rocks and ruins

•

• A plant, the bark of which is used for cleaning hair . Dried leaves Hojas secadas • A hook Garabato · Flower Harina

117

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Haccuc Haccuchini

• A miller

To grind

Hacha (or Sacha) . A tree Hachap-rurun . Fruit Hachap-rapin . Leaves

Molinero

Moler Arbol Fruta

Hachap-chapran Branch

Hojas Ramo

Hachap-pichin . Root

Raiz

Hachap-ccullun . Trunk ; stem Hachap-quira . Stem

Tronco

Estirpe Hachap-ccaran . ( See Quina. ) Bark Cascara Gallina silvestre Hachap-hualpa . Wild fowl Monte Hachasapa-pampa Forest Hachachallay .

• An interjection of Interjeccion pleasure

Hacpa-hacpa .

. An interjection animating girls at their work

Hacta

• The side Let us go

Costado

• To offer to go

Offrecer a ir

Наси Hacuñini

Hahua •

Hahua-llapi Hahua-manta Hahua-hucha Hahua-runa

Outside ; behind

On the top of • Concerning · Venial sin

. A stranger Hahua- ccollay • Flower of a cactus

Vamos

Fuera ; atras Encima Tocante Pecado venial Forastero

Flor de un cactus

· To tell fabulous tales Contar cuentas de of old times tiempo pasado Sauca sauca ha- Tales of former Cuentas de tiemhuaricuna times pos pasados Hahua-soncco Candid Sincero Hahuarini

118

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Hahuanchani .

· To murmur

Murmurar

. Grandchild Nieto Hahuay . Hailli (see Haylli) Halimani · To cover plants with Madurar earth ; to ripen Hallmuni • To want teeth Faltar dientes

Hallmu- quiru Hama-hama • Hamacu .

• Toothless

Hamcca .

Toasted maize

Pirutu hamcca . Toasted beans

A toad

Hampatu Hampi • Hampini •

Sin dientes

• The root ofa valerian, a specific against epilepsy (Haenke) Louse ; tick on ani- Piojo mals

. Medicine ; poison • To cure

Hampisca . Hampi-camayoc • Hampina . Hamu • • Hamu-runa • •

Maiz tostado

Judihuelos tostados

Sapo Medicina ; veneno Curar

Cured

Curado

The doctor A remedy

Medico

Mode ; manner

Remedio Modo

•

An intelligent man

Hombre gente

intelli-

Hamullampicau- He who lives at his El que vive a su sac · ease • gusto Different things Hamu-hamu Cosas diferentes Hamuni . · · To come Venir

Hamuy Hamutani

· •

Hamutay .

• Come here · To understand • Understanding

Hamutay-cuna . Arrangements

Ven aca ! Entender

Entendimiento Disposiciones

119

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Hanac or Hanan

Hanan- pata Hanac-pacha Hanan-Cuzco Hancca . Hanccani Hanccuchani

• High up ; upper · Top of a hill · Heaven

Alto ; arriba Cumbre

Cielo

• Adivision ofthat city • Lame Cojo To be lame Cojear To commit a breach Faltar en una of contract obligacion

Rimascayta han- To break one's word Quebrar la palabra ccuchani Crudo Hanccu . · · Raw ; unripe Hancohuallu An ancient tribe of Tribu antiquo de Indians near Cuzco Indios Hanchini Llorar · To groan ; mourn

· Open Hanyalli Hanyallcachani . To yawn · To boast Hapani . • To seize ; catch Hapini To be angry • Hapllani Happla-simi Hapllay • Hapra

• An angry word · Anger · Short-sighted

Hapu Hapuni .

• Dusty land

Haptay

· Stab

Haquini .

To smoulder

To leave behind

Haquisca huahua An orphan Harahuec orYaravec A singer ; bard Harahuior Yaravi A song ; elegy

Abierto Bostezar Regoldar

Cojer Ser enojado Palabra de ira Ira

Corto de vista Tierra polvorienta Estar quemando sin echarllamas Puñalada Dejar Huerfano Poeta Cancion triste

120

Harahuini Harcaycuni Harccani Harccasca .

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. · To sing

Cantar

• To shut ; cover • To hinder

Cerrar; tapar

Impedir • Defences ; fortifica- Fortificaciones tions

Harui

Half-toasted maize

Maiz medio tostado

Haspini · Hatacu • Hatallini

To scratch Wild amaranth

Rasgar Bledo

Hatani • Hatarini Hatun Hatun-ayllu Hutun apu

To have charge of ; Tener a su cargo hold • To doa thing hastily Hacer algo apriesa Levantar To raise · Great

Grande

• The whole nation

Toda la nacion

· Principal judge Harvest time

Juez principal

Hatun-pacha Hatun-rucana · Thumb

Tiempo de cosecha Dedo pulgar Primavera

Hatun-poccoy . Spring ; February Decreto real Hatun-rimuy · A royal decree Hatun-onccoy · Pestilence Epidemia Hatun- mecma · (Loranthus grandiflorus) Το grow ; increase Crecer Hatunyani Maiz negro . Black maize Hatupa

Descanso • . Rest ; repose Haucay . Haucay-pacha . Bed time Tiempo de huelga • Plaza grande en Haucay-pata The great square at el Cuzco Cuzco, where festivals were held

121

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Haucha .

Cooked herbs Yerbas cocidas · To anoint ; grease ; Untar flatter

Hauini ·

Hauicuna . Hauina

•

Haumani

Hayac simi Наусса . Haycca- cama

Hayhuani

Haylli .

Hayllicuni

Hayri

· Bitter words

Palabra dura

• How much ?

Cuanto ?

• Until when ?

Hasta cuando ?

A fife

Haychay

Hayratani

Apeite Untura

Ayndar . Interjection, What? Que ? · Bitter Amaro

Hayac

Hayra

• Ointment

. To help

Hay

Hayllini

Paint

Pifano To reach out for Estender el mano para alcanzar anything algo · A song of triumph Cancion de tri . unfo Cantar To sing · To celebrate a vic- Celebrar una victoria tory • Weak Flojo · To chastise severely Castigar severamente Pro nto ; breveSoon ; shortly mente

Haytani .

. To kick

Coeear

Hayu Hichani .

Enemy • To spill ; scatter • A heavy stone

Enemigo Derramar

Hihuaya Hilli

Soup ; liquor

Piedra pesada Caldo

122

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Hillpuni

· To pour liquor out of Echar licor decantaro de boca esa vessel with a trecha long neck • A funnel Embudo

Hillpuna Hillu Hina Hinamanta

Hinaptin • Hinapac • Hhinani Runa-hhinac

Hinccini Hinqui

Hipi

• Gluttonous

Goloso

So ; in this way · For this cause · Also

Asi ; de este modo Por eso

· Duty ; office · To kill

Officio Matar

· A murderer

Asesino

Tambien

· To walk on one leg

Andar en un pie

Of unequal weight Mashed maize

Desigual en el peso Maiz masada

Hipya Hirca

· Steam

Hircu

• An unfledged bird Pajarito pelon Atransparent quartz Cristal Mear • To make water

Hirpu Hispani . Hita Hiuicani

Hoccarini Hocco

Vapor

Summits of passes, Cumbres de los where the Indians cerros donde los offered a rope of Indios ofrecian grass with the left una soga con hand, in token of mano isquierda, en seña de adoadoration racion

• A bug · To reduce • To raise

Wet

Hoccochini

· To wet

Hocconi

. To be wet

Chincha Menoscaber Alzar

Mojado Mojar Ser mojado

123

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Minced meat

Hollque . Horcconi

Huac

•

Huaca

Huaca- puncu

Huacanqui

Huacaychani . Huaccani

Carne desmenuzada

To turn out Sacar afuera · Apart (adv.) A un lado • A word of many sig- Idolo ; sepulcra nifications. Idol ; temple ; sacred place ; tomb ; figures of men, animals, &c.; hill 66 ' Holy gate" ; the Barrio del Cuzco northern suburbof ancient Cuzco Certain herbs which Ciertas yerbas que cause love for ganan amor al those who carry que los lleva them consigo Guardar To guard To mourn Gemir • A sweet tagetes used to flavour dishes

Huaccatay Huaccayhua · Huaccha

A laden llama

· Poor

Huacchay-cuyay Compassion

Llama cargada Pobre Misericordia

Huaccha-cuyac . " Benefactor of the poor" ; one of the titles of the Yncas (G. de la Vega, 1, lib. vi, cap. 26) Huaccilla • Equally Igualmente Sometimes A veces Huacci-mitta Huachancca

Huachay Huachi .

·

• A convolvulus root Especie de convolused as an emetic vulo and purgative Parto . Parturition arr ow Flecha • An

124

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Huachini .

Tirar

. To shoot

Rayo del sol Yntip huachin . Rays of the sun Huachoccani · · To be dishonest Defraudar Huachoni · • To commit adultery Adulterar · Adultery Adulterio Huachocay Huachua · Awild goose ( Chloe- Ganso phaga melanoptera) Lomo · Ridge ; trough · To do harm Dañarse

Huachu .

Huacellini Huaco Huacra Huacsa Huacta .

A sparrow-hawk Horn

Gavilan Cuerno

• Tusk ; eye tooth · Rib

Costilla

Lloque huacta · Left side Paña huacta Right side Huacta-chiru • Side Huactana . Huactani . Huahua . Huahuaricuni Huallata Huallca .

Huallcanca

Lado izquierdo Lado direcho Costado

A club

Clava

· To strike ; hit

Ganso Poco

· Necklace ·

Gargantillo Adarga

• Shield

Huallqui

• Bag for соса

Hualpa .

· A fowl

Atahualpa

Dar golpes

Child ; grandchild Niño ; nieto · To tell tales to child- Contar cuentas a ninos ren

A goose • Little

Huallcca

Colmillo

carrying Talega para la coca

Name of an Ynca

Gallina

125

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Hualpani .

• To make a thing Hacer una C080 well bien

Creator Criador Hualpac Hualpa- Rimachi- Name of the chief Inca architect of the fortress of Cuzco Hualtani

To swaddle up a Empanar un niño child • To cut off the ears

Hualuni

• A new thing Huamac auccac A recruit runa

Huamac

Cortar orejas Cosa nueva Recluto

Huaman

• A falcon

Huama-pinta Huamincca

• (Vaccinium attenuatum) • Brave, valorous Esforzado

Huampar Huampu Huamra

A triangle • Boat ; ship

Huan Huanacu

•

Huanaccoti

•

Huanachini Huanani

Huanac Huanana

Ниаñари

. Boy · With • Guanaco

Halcon

Triangulo Buque Muchacho Con Guanaco

· A very sacred temple in the valley of Cuzco, on the spot where Manco Ccapac's golden wand sank into the earth To correct, amend To correct . Warning

Enmendar a otro Enmendar Escarmiento

Disobedient, incor- Incorregible rigible ; a goose (Velasco) . A plant which in- Una planta que vigorates da vigor

126

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Huanca

An Indian nation of Tribu antiguo de Indios Jauja and Guamanga Cantos tristes • Mournful verses

Huanca Huancar Huancar-camayoc Huanccayru

Huanccayruhuasi

Huantar

• Straw •

Huanu-pata Pichup-huanu Huanuchani Huañuni

•

Tambor

Tamborillero

. A wasp (in Cara- Abeja vaya) Colmena A hive · To cut off

Huancuni

Huanu

• A drum Drummer

Guano

• Dung-hill • Guano · To manure To die

Cortar

Paja Guano Muladar

Guano de pajaros Estercolar Morir

Eclipse del sol Muerto

Huañuchini

. An eclipse . Dead · To kill

Huañuchiy

· Murder

Matanza

• Death

Muerto

Ynti huañu Huañusca

•

Huañuy Huañuc-quilla . Half-moon

Huapsini Huaquin Huara

. To cool, evaporate • Some ·

Huarachicuy

Huaraca

• Breeches

Matar

Media luna Evaporar Algo Calzones

• A festival on a child Fiesta alponer los primeros calzones being breeched a un muchacho • A sling

Honda

127

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Huaracu

Huaramu Huarancca Huarancu

The second great Fiesta annual festival, in the month of Umu-Raymi, when the youths, on reaching the age of puberty, were invested with the huaraca (sling or belt) . They received also a garland of two flowers, called cantut and chihuayhua, with a leaf of the evergreen huñay huayna

(Tecoma Sambucifolia) Mil • A thousand • A thorny tree (Aca- Arbol espinoso cia horrida)

Huarcu .

A beer made from Cerveza de cañas the juice of sugarcanes Peso Weight

Huarccuni

To execute

Ahorcar

Place of execution

Ahorca

Huarapu

Huarccuna Huarituru

(Valeriana coarctata, R. P.) , the root a specific for broken bones. Grows in cold lofty places, round Tarma

Huarma

Boy ; son Boyhood

Huarma-cay

Huarmap-hucñin Yet a child Huarmi • A woman, wife

Muchacho ; hijo El estado de muchacho Todavia niño

Mujer

Huarmi huahua Mother's daughter · Spinster Huarminac Huarmiyoc • Married woman

Hija del madre Soltera Mujer casada

Huarmi ccarin- A woman in love man soncco •

Mujer enamorada

128

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Huarmicuni

. To marry

Casar

Huarmiyacuy

· Marriage To warble

Casamiento Charlar

• Back ; shoulders Behind

Las espaldas Atras

Huarpini Huasa

Huasaman Huasapi Huascar

Huasi

•

‫دو‬ Chain ; rope ; name Cadena ; soga ofone ofthe Yncas . House

Casa

Huasi masiy Marca-huasi

· Neighbour • A tower

Vecino

Huasichani

· To build

•

Huasichi .

Huata

•

Huatani Huatasca . Huatana Huatay-huasi Huatcu .

Edificar A shed or roof placed over young coca seedlings Año • Year To seize . A prisoner A halter . A prison • Weight

Huatta (see Churu) Island · · To tempt Huattecani · Temptation Huattecay

Huattiyana Huattuni

Torre

• Oven

Atar Prisionero

Soga Prision, carcel Peso Isla

Tentar Tentacion Hornillo

. To guess, prophesy Adivinar A game of riddles Huattucay Juego de enigmas Contar Huattucupuni • To count

Quipumanta huattucupuni Huaturu

To read the quipus

Leer quipus

Incense tree, so call- Arbol de incienso ed in Caravaya

129

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Brother of a brother Hermano del hermano Parien te Aylluy-huauque Relation

Huauque

Llocsimasi huau- Uterine brother que Huausa ·

Huayacca Huayccani

· A bag · To rob

• A ravine Huayccu Rarca-huayccu . A little stream • To cook Huayccuni A cook Huayccuc • Green ; fresh Huaylla Huaylla-pampa . A meadow • A song Huaylli · A lute Huayllaca Huaylluni Huaylluc . Huaylluy .

Huayna

Hermano uterino Sodomia Talega Robar Quebrada

Arroyo pequeño Cocinar Cocino

Verde ; fresco Prado Cancion Laud

• To love

Amar

· A lover • Love

Amador Amor

· Youth

Joventud

Huaynay- soncco Youthful

Juvenil

Huiñay-huayna

An evergreen shrub, with the flowers of which chaplets were made for the youths at the festival of Huaraca Huayna Ccapac The name of one of Nombre de ип the Yncas Ynca

Huayñuni Huayra . Huayralla .

• To dance, holding Baylar hands Viento ; ayre • Wind ; air Lightly

Ligeramente K

130

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Ventoso · Windy Huayra-sapa Huayra-puhura . A sort of Pandaan Flauta de Pan pipe Huayrachini • To blow Aventar Huayra-cuna Huayracachini Huayru .

•

Huayru-china Huaytani

Huayuni

• Furnaces used by Hornas usados por miners los mineros run To Correr • • A game of dice A game of ball • To swim

To be suspended in Estar colgado en the air el ayre U no • One

Huc

Huc- sonccolla • Constant Hucllachani Huc-mitta Hucarini

Hucu Huccu

Huccu-pacha

Hucha

To unite • Once

•

Huccau .

Huccucha

Juego con dados Juego con bolas Nadar

Constante Unir Una vez

Alzar • To raise • A girdle worn by Cinto women Fresco · Fresh . Deep • Hell • A rat

Hondo

Sin

Pecado

Los infiernos Raton

. To sin Pecar Huchallicuni Chico • • Small Huchuy . Huchuy manta Desde niñez • From childhood pacha • y Enero the when ; y Januar . poccoy Huchu maize begins to ripen

131

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Huicopa Huilca (Vilca) Huillca . Huillac Umu .

. A sling · Sacred · Great-grandchild

Honda Sagrado Bis-nieto

. High-priest of the Sacerdote del Sol Sun

Huiñapu (see Uiñapu) Huinchas . Bandages round the Bandas para atar heads ofmummies las cabezas de las momias Huirca · · A subterraneau a- Azequia subterranea queduct Huirca-casa · (Solanum stellatum, R. P.) Huiscacha (see Uiscacha) Humihuani • То pour liquor from Echar licor de una a large vase into botija grande en a small one cantarillo

Huminta

Maize bread

Humpallini

To have the mouth Tener la boca llena full of water de agua

Humpi .

• Sweat ; heat

Humpiy-pacha . Summer • To sweat Humpini • Hunta • Full Huntacuni Hunu

•

Huñuni • Huñun Hupacuni Huptani

To be full

Tortita de maiz

Sudor ; calor Verano Sudar Lleno Estar lleno

• A million

Millon

To join All

Juntar

To wash the face • To season

Todo Lavarse la cara Sasonar

132 Huraca Hurcuni Hurin

Hustuni Hutccu

Hutccuna . Huttuni .

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . • Astream falling per- Arroyo cayendo perpendicularmente pendicularly • To take ; get Sacar Lower Bajo To stamp Estampar A hole

Agujero Barrena

A gimlet To gnaw

Roer

Huyhua

An animal or plant Bestia óplantaque se cria a mano reared by hand

Huypa

A mason's plummet Plomada de albañil

Huypuhu

Huyra

· A stone with a hole Piedra agujerada, puesta en nn through it, placed on a pole, for palo para quebreaking clods of brantarterrones earth

End of all things

Fin de todas las cosas

LI

Llacca Llacea Llacchapa Llacella . Llaccu

Llachapa Llachihuana

· Thin Green leaves maize

Flaco of Hojas verdes de maiz

• A trap A coward

Trampa Cobarde

Lichens on the stems of old coca plants Rags · Honeycomb

Trapos Pañal

133

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Llachu • Llachuani Llachuaricu Lllaclana

Llacllasca . Llacllani · Llacmani Llacsac

Common water weed Yerba que crece en la agua · To taste Probar · A dish flavoured Vianda sazonada with capsicums con aji Azuela An adze Dressed wood

Madera labrada

• To workwith anadze Labrar con azuela To fill Llenar

. A phantasm Llacsac cattari . A venomous snake A town Llacta

Llactamasintin . Town's people

Fantasma Serpientevenenoso Villa ; lugar ; pueblo Todos los de un

Llactayoc .

• Citizen

pueblo Ciudadano

Llactanac .

. Vagabond · To found a town

Vagabundo Fundar pueblo

Llactachani

Llactan (see Llatan) Llacua-llacua . . A plant (Nefarium) used for curing wounds, at Lampa, Azangaro, &c. Llama • • A beast ; llama Bestia ; llama Corral Llama-cancha . A yard Llama-michec Llama-conopa Llamcani Llamcachic

Llamcachiy Llamcay Llamccani ·

. Shepherd

Pastor

An idol in the shape Idolo of a llama • To work · Manufactory · Fatigue • Labour • To handle

Trabajar

Obraje Fatiga Trabajo Manosear

134

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Llampa . Llampi .

• Spade Oxide of iron

Llampras

tree, growing Arbol en las Sierround Ayacucho ras de Ayacucho • Soft ; kind Suave Blandura • Kindness • Fire wood Leña

Azada Oxido de hierro

. A

Llampu . Llampucay Llamta

Llancca .

• Chalk

Llanccani

· To handle ; to touch Tocar

Llanccac- alpa

Llantu • Llañu

Llapa Llapa-atipac • Llapi Llapini . Llaplla • Llaquini Llaqui Llasani . Llasamuni Llatan • Llatanacuni Llaussani Llautu

•

Greda

Clay used as a ce- Barro pegojoso ment in building (G. de la Vega, I, p. 171) Shade Sombra · Fine ; delicate • All

Delgado Todo

. Almighty • Song • To press ; squeeze

Todo-poderoso Cancion

• Thin ; fine ; loose . To be sad

Espesa ; delgado Ser triste

Apretar con mano

. Sorrow

Tristeza

. To weigh heavy

Pesar mucho

To pillage Naked

Saquear Desnudo

. To strip To slobber

Desnudar

la

Babear

· Fringe round a head Venda que se ponen los Yncas dress; one oftheinen le cabeza signia oftheYncas

135

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Llayu Llecama Llecca-llecca .

Llecmani Llequi Llica

·

• Dirty A net

Lliccha .

Sucio Red

· Green leaves of the Hojas verdes de la quinua quinua • A mantle Manta • To break Romper Colores • Colours

Lliclla

Lliquini . Llimpi-cuna

· To shear an alpaca ; Pelar ; desplumar pluck a bird

Llipini

Llippini . Llippic

. A clover (Trifolium) Especie de trebol • An eagle (Velasco) Aguila A plover, in the lof- Frailecillo tiest parts of the Cordilleras (Sheradius resplendens, Tsch.) Amontonar To heap up

•

Llipta

Lliu-lliu .

. To shine brightly Resplendecer • Lightning Relampago · Ashes of the quinua, Cenizas de la quior lime chewed nuaó decal, maswith coca cadas con la coca • Lightning To climb

Relampago

Lloccani Lloclla •

• A torrent

Trepar Avenida de agua

Llocllo

• Froth of chicha

Nata de la chicha

Lloccsini

• To go forth Uterine brother

Lloccsimasi

•

Salir •

Hermano uterino

Lloccsimasi hua• Own brother of a huaymi . Hermano carnal brother Lloccsimasi-naña Own sister of a sister Hermana carnal de hermana

136

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Lloccsimasi-pana Own sister of a bro- Hermana carnal ther de hermano • Left hand Mano izquierdo Lloque

Lluccu

•

Little nets for catch- Redecillas ing huiscachas or rabbits To skin

Llucchuni

Llucchu-aycha . The gums Lluchcani . To slip Llulla • • A lie

Llulla- sapa Llulla-chicuni

. To tell lies

Clean

Llullpac Llullu • Llullucha .

Llumpani Lluncuni

. A liar

•

Llusini Lluspini Llustini Llutquini Lluttani .

Desollar

Encias Resbalar Mentira Mentiroso Mentir

Limpio

• A bud · Spawn To clean · To polish

Pimpolla Huevas de peces Limpiar Brunir

. To plaster with mud Enyesar • To bespatter Salpicar • To bark a tree Descortizar arbol • To escape Escapar • To cover Tapar M • Let us see

Ma

Veamos Come es eso ?

Ma-chaicca

• How is this ?

Maca

• An edible root ; a tu- Raiz de comer berous plant ; species of tropaeolum (Valeriana Panicula-. ta, R. P.)

Macaë

137

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Macana .

• A club

Clava

Macas

• To fight · An embrace • A vase

Pelear

Maccani .

• To join ; mix

Macanacuni Macalli •

Maccay (see Macaë) (Valeriana paniculata, R. P.) Aserpent ; a constelMachaccuay • lation so called (Acosta, lib. v) Machani To get drunk · A cave Machay . Machca . Toasted maize

Abrazo Vasija Pegar

Culebra

་

Machi

• Thigh

Machica .

Machinparani

Machu

•

Machu-cuna Machucay

Emborracharse

Cueva Maiz tostado

Muslo

Fleshy part of the Parte carnoso del brazo ó pierne arm or leg

· (Embothrium emarginatum,R.P.;) word used at Tarma · Old Viejo · Ancestors Antepasados · Age Viejez

Machuypa yaya . Great- grandfather Machuypa machi Great-great-grandfather

Bis-avuelo

Tetravuelo

Маста

• A large jar

Macnu •

(Coccus cacti, Lin. ) Cochineal, grana • A lad from about 12 Mozo to 15 years of age

Macta

Mahini

Tinaja grande

. To dislike : applied Aburrir amongst relations

138

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Mallccu .

• A little bird about to Pajarito que esta leave the nest para salir del nido

Mallini Mallina

Mallqui . Mallquini • Malqui .

To taste • Taste

. A plant · To plant A mummy

Probar Gusto Planta Plantar Momia

Malquip Huillac The priest in charge El sacerdote enof mummies cargado con las momias

Mama Mama-cuna

Mamanan .

Mother

Madre

• Matrons in charge of Matronas virgins of the Sun A constellation so called (Acosta, lib. v.) El mar · The sea

Mama- cocha Mama-ruccana • Thumb Dedo pulgar Mamanchic · " Our Mother", a ti- Titulo de la Reyna tle of the Ccoya or Queen Mamac . Cana de GuayaBamboo quil Mamullani Mascar • To munch

Man • Manan Manach

Manañam . Manapipas Manaracemi

Manaracchu

· To (prep. ) • No ; not

A

. I believe not • Not now No one

Creo que no Τα για

Not even . Not yet

No

Nadie Aun no Todavia no

139

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Manatacc .

• Nor ; neither

Ni

Manam -ñi .

• To deny • Bad • A miracle

Negar Malo

Manan-allin Mana-ricusac Mana- sasa

Mana-yachac Mañani Mañac

. Easy • Ignorant · To seek ; ask • Petitioner Petition

Mañay

Milagro Facil Ignorante Pedir Prestador Peticion

Mañay- raccay • Court ofpetitions ; a Corte depeticiones hall, so called, among the ruins at Ollantay-tambo Mañacuni . Pedir prestado To importune Manarac Ante . Before (prep .)

Olla

Manca

A pot

Mancapaqui

(Calceolaria pinnata, R. P.) A diuretic, found in moist places near Lima Temer To fear

Manchani Manchana .

· Terrible

· Fear Manchay • Mancharcuchini To startle

Loquecausa miedo Temor Espartar de repente

Manchinparrani (see Machinparani) Manco • • The name of the first Ynca. The word has no meaning in Quichua Cortar Mancuni • To cut up Manta Hahua-manta Manttani Mantur

•

• From ; of; made of De (prep.) Tocante • Concerning Tender To stretch

• A red fruit

Una fruta roja

140

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Manu

· Debt • To pay

Manumantani Мара

·

A sleeve

Deuda Pagar Mancha

Maqui · Maqui-pampa

· (Krameria triandra, R. P.) A plant so called round Tarma · Hand Mano Palma de mano · Palm of the hand

Maquiypi . Marasisi

· Belonging to • Large ants

Maran-quiru Marca

. Double tooth

Mapato

Marca-collqui Marcachani

Perteneciente

Hormigas grandes Muela

• Tower ; house with Torre ; casa con upper stories ; a altos village on a hill ; a fortress (G. de la Vega, I, lib. v, cap. 27) Treasure Tesoro

To treasure up

Atesorar

Marca -apacacc . Deities supposed to Deidades considerados comoguarguard villages das delospueblos Paucar-marca Names of three towers on the citadel Moyoc-marca of the fortress of Cuzco Saclacc-marca Marccani • To carry Llevar Marccu · Maricanchi Masani Mascani Mascana

• An Artemisia used as a tonic round Lampa and Azangaro One of the architects of the fortress of Cuzco

To bask in the sun To search · A lost thing

Asolearse

Buscar Cosa perdida

141

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Mascay Mascapaycha . Mascu

•

Masi

Search

Son of a chacpa, or Hijo de un chacpa person born feet first

Massani .

• Companion Brother-in-law the husband

Masu

• A bat

Matara

Busca

· A circlet or crown Burla real de los wornby the Yncas Yncas

Compañero of Cuñado del marido Murcielago

Mathe

(Molina ferruginea, R. P.) A plant growing in small streams, the leaves of which were used for sore eyes (G. de la Vega, 1, lib. ii, c. xxv) Calabash Calabazo

Mati

Forehead

Maticu

(Eupatoria glutinosa) , a herb used to heal wounds

Mattini Mattu

To tighten

Matecllu

Matu Matu-cancha

Maucca .

· Drying-yardfor coca Lugar donde se secan la coca • Old

Maycan

• Where Which

Maycanpas

• Whichever

Mayñillampi

Apretar

Injusto Unjust Undried leaf of the Hojasdela coca no соса secadas

Maucca-causay . Past life Maucca-yacha- Ancient customs cusca

May

Fronte

Seldom

Viejo Vida pasada Costumbres antiguos Donde Cual Qualquiera Raras veces

142 Maypas

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . •

When

Cuando

Mayñinpi .

· Sometimes

A veces

Maypich

I do not know • To caress

Acariciar

To shiver, spill • To wash

Lavar

• Washerman

Lavandero

Mayhuani Mayhuini Mayllani

Mayllac Mayllay Mayta • Mayttu . • Mayu Mayu-pata Mayu-purina

No se

Menear

Lavadura Laundry • Name of one of the Yncas • Handful

: River

Manojo Rio

· Banks

Orillas

• Source

Origen Junta de dos rios

Mayu-tincu(tingo) Confluence Mayu uichayta . Up the river · Down the river Mayu urayta

Rio arriba

Rio abajo

Mayup quimrayñin Breadth of a river Lo ancho del rio Corriente Mayup puriquen Current Hondura del rio Mayup huccun . Depth of a river Месса Plato de madera • A wooden plate Meccllay Micha Michcca

· Skirts

Faldas

• Avarice

Avaro

Early maize

Maiz temprano

Michccac huayna A youth in the flower Mancebo en la flor of his age de su edad

Michini . Michec Michuni

Micuni

· To tend sheep

Pastorear

• Shepherd . To mix

Pastor

To eat

Entremeter Comer

143

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Micuchini Micuna

• To feed

Dar de comer

. Dinner

Comida

Micuy Micuchicuni

. Food

Alimento Convidar a comer

To invite to eat

Micuchicuc

The host

Micurcuni

To finish eating

Micutamuni Milla Millhua

Millhuayni

Millpuni

To eat on the road

Filthy • Wool

Elseñordelconvite Acabar de comer Comeren el camino Asco

Lana

• To reel wool on to a Torcer lana smallspindle . For an account of the way of reeling it, see G. de la Vega, i, lib. vi, p. 202 To swallow Tragar

Milluy (see Millhua) Millucasa • (Randia rotundifolia, R. P.) To hire Minccani Alquilar Mincha . The day after to- Pasado mañana morrow Mini

Thread which is El hilo que teje contra la trama woven against the del telar woof

Mirani

To multiply Increase

Mirachisca

Mirarani

• To chastise

Mirccani Mirccatani

Mircu

Misa Misi

·

Multiplicar Aumento

To mix

Castigar Mesclar

To fit well

Caber bien

A constellation so called (Acosta, lib. v) A thing oftwo colors Cosa de dos colores Gato · A cat

144

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Missani . Misqui

•

Misqui-asnac

· To win the game Sweet • Perfume

Ganar el juego Dulce Olor bueno

Misqui-quicay . A constellation so called (Acosta, lib. v) Endulzar Misquichini • To sweeten Misqui-tullu

Mita (see Mitta) Mitccani

Mitimay Mitimani Mitimac or Mitmac

Mitta (Mita) .

"Sweet bone" (a lazy fellow) , G. de la Vega, i, lib. v, c. iv Hombre perezoso

To stumble Colonization

Tropezar Avecindamiento

Avecindar el estranjero Colonist ; settler ; Transladado de otra tierra ; coG. de la Vega, I, lono lib. iii, cap. 19) cosecha ; Time ; turn ; har- Vez ; vest. Hence also servicio forzado the forced service required from the Indians

. To lodge strangers

Mita-chanacuy . A law of the Yncas regulating the division of labour (G. de la Vega, i, p. 143) Mitta runa . One required to per- Mitayo form forced service

Mittayoc •

One whose turn it is El que tiene la tunda

Mitticani

To flee

Huir

Mitu

Clay ; mud

Mitusapa Miu

· Muddy Poison

Lodo ; barro Lodoso Veneno

Мосса

. Wet

Humedo

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

• To wet

Moccani Mocco • • Mocco-mocco

Mochini .

Enmohecer

. A joint ; knot Artejo ; nudo • (Piper angustifolium, R. P.) An infusion of the green leaves taken for venereal diseases, at Huanuco To chew maize for Mascar maiz para chicha la chicha

Molle (see Mulli) Mohu Mohu-mohu Morochuco Moscconi Mosccona .

Mosccoy Mosoc

145

• Seed

(Piper angustifolium) . Tribe of Indians Tribu de Indios near Ayacucho Dormir • To sleep Dormitorio · A dormitory

•

• A dream

·

New · New moon

Mosoc-quilla Mosoc-nina

Semilla

Sueño Nuevo Luna nueva

• Sacred fire ; vernal Fuego sagrado equinox

Moyoc (see Muyuc) Muca A marsupial animal Muccani . Oler bien To smell sweet Muccani .

• To dig round a tree Cavar al rededor de in arbol

Muccini . Muccu

• To suffer

Mucllu

• Coca seed

Muchahani Muchani

. To disengrain maize Desgranar . To kiss ; to adore Besar ; adorar

Mashed maize

Sufrir Maiz mascado Semilla de coca

L

146

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Beso

Muchay

. A kiss

Muchaycuni

. To give thanks ; to Dargracias; besar kiss

Pacheta muchani To offerup thanks by throwing a stone on a heap by the road side, at the summit of a pass Muchu • Neck Pescuezo

Muchuni

· To suffer

Muchuy Mucmi

· Suffering Deceit

Mucmu .

· Capsule ; button

Sufrir Padecimiento Engaño Botton ; capullo

Muhu (see Mohu) Mulla • Nephew or niece of Sobrino del tia a woman

Mullaypa Mullcu Mulli

Mullpani Mullu Mullu-ccantu

Munani . Munac

Munay Munana

Rope Wheal, pustule

Soga Roncha

· (Schinus molle, L. ) Arbol molle The Indians made a drink from the berries. Cieza de Leon, cap. cxii Consumir To consume A shell

Concha

(Fuchsia denticulata, R. P.)

· To love ; desire A lover Love • The loved one

Munay-munaylla Particles added to nouns , to denote excellence

Amar ; querer Amador Amor

La que es amada

147

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Munay-sencca • " Lovingnose" ; name Barrio del Cuzco of an eastern suburbofancient Cuzco Munquini Muña

• To drop Gotear • A balsam plant, in Planta debalsamo the Collao

Murir

· A dry ear of maize

Mazorca seca de maiz

Muru

• A coloured spot Hard

Mancha de color

Muruchu Muruna .

Musccani Muspahani

Mutcca • Mutmu · Mutquini Mutti Muttini

Muya Muyuc • Muyuni

Duro

. A gigantic palm tree Especie de palma (Iriartea) in Caravaya • To doze Dormitar • To talk nonsense ; to Desatinar go mad Yeso • Cement · A pod To smell

Vaina

. Boiled maize

Maiz cocido Cocer maiz

• To cook maize

A fruit garden · A circle around To go round

Oler

Huerta Circulo Dar vuelta al rededor

Muyucuni . Muyuc-marca

• To surround

Rodear

A round tower on Torre redondo the great fortress of Cuzco

148

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . N

N.

His ; third posses- Suyo sivepronoun inthe form of a particle added to nouns

Nac

Without

Sin

Naccani .

To behead

Degollar Verdugo

Naccac Nalcas

Nanani Nanasca .

· The headsman

(Gunnera scabra, R. P.) A plant growing in Muña • To hurt Doler Hurt. Hence Nasca, Lastimado a valley on the Peruvian coast

Nanay Nanac

• Pain

Napani

• To salute • Salutation

Napay Ni . Nina

Hard ; large

. Near Fire

Ninacta puhucuni To light Checcec-nina · A spark

Dolor

Duro ; grande Saludar Salutacion

Cerca Fuego Encendar Chispa

Mosoc nina (see Mosoc) Niy or Ninñiy (see Y) Ntin · Together with. (Used as a collective plural, added to nouns) Nunu • • Spirit Espiritu Espiritu malo Man-allim-nunu Evil spirit

149

Zł

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Ñ

Now

Na .

Ya A veces

ña-ñispa Naccani .

Sometimes · To curse

Maldecir

Nacca Ñaccha

. Scarcely A comb

Apenas Peine

ñacchacuni Nan

· To comb • Road

Peinarse

ñanta puric masi Companion ñanta ricuchini . To travel ñanta pantarini . To lose the way ñanchani · To make a road

Camino Compañero Viajar Perder el camino Hacer un camino

Ñaña

Sister's sister

Hermana de la hermana

Ñañaca

A hood or mantle

Manto de cabeza

Ñañu Narani

•

Natti

Naucci

·

Ñauchi Naui

Ñaupa

Fine thread • To sing Bowels

Entrañas

Presence

Presencia Punta

A point •

ñаирас ñaupa-quen ñauparini . Ñausa ñausayani .

Hilo fino Cantar

• Eye Ojo • Anciently Antiguamente First ; in presence Primero ; antes of; before

Before (applied to time) • To guide ; to go first Guiar • Blind Ciego To blind Cegar

150

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Nec

Towards Hacia The same. Added Mismo to numerals, to form ordinals • To say Decir

ñequen

Nini Manan-ñini ñinacuni

To deny · To argue

Negar

Nirac

. So

Arguir Asi

Nitini Ñoca

• To tighten I

Apretar Yo

Nucchu .

• Salvia

Flor

Nucnu

• Sweet ; soft • A woman's bosom

Dulce ; suave

Ñuñu ñuñuni Ñuñuma Ñuñunya Nupchuni Nuquini .

Nusta

Nutcu Nuttu

To suckle

Pechos dela mujer Mamar

A wild duck

Pata

Solanum calygnaphalum , R. P. • To suck Chupar · To walk with ease Andar con desahogo . Unmarried princess ; Princesa illegitimate princesses had the names of their mothers ' native place put before their own, as Quitu ñusta, Collao ñusta Cesos Brains •. Very finely ground

Cosa muy remolida

0 Оса

.(Oxalis tuberosa, L.) Raiz de comer An edible root

151

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Occlani .

Ососсо

·

Ocoti

Ocssa (see Ychu) Omero

Oncconi . Onccoy

To hatch ; to warm Empollar in the bosom ; to embrace when naked · Tadpole Anus

Sapo de agua Апо

• A palm, with the leaves of which the Indians thatch their huts. The fruit becomes vegetable ivory · To be ill Estar enfermo Illness

Enfermidad

Onccoy-coyllur . The " Pleiades" Oscollo • Wild cat

Gato de monte

Osyani •

Gargarizar

• To gargle

P

Pacani

• Paca .

Pacallapi . Paccari • · Paccari-tuta

· To hide

Esconder

• A secret thing

Cosa secreta

. Secretly Morning · All night

Secretamente La mañana Hasta la mañana

Paccari-tiyapayac▲ sentry Paccari-huañuy . Month of March Paccarini • • To dawn Paccarini . · To be born Paccarisca

Paccay • Paccha • Pacchani .

Sentinela Marzo Amanecer

Nacer

• Birth

Nacimiento · (Mimosa Incana, Humb.) A tree, the . fruit of which is eaten

· A stream ; fountain Chorro ; fuente Correr la agua · To flow

152

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. • Red · Time

Pacco

Pacha Pachacutec Pachan

•

Pachac

Tiempo "Overturning the world" (name of one of the Yncas) Entonces • Then A hundred Ciento

Plaster

Pachacha Pachacsa Pachallan

•

Pachallampi Pacheta .

Pachha . Pachhallicuni

Paco-paco . Pacpani . Pacsa

• Early Temprano A heap of stones on the summit of a pass (see Muchani) • Cloth ; cotton cloth Ropa Vestir • To dress

• Equal • Ear-ring • Chimney A fawn

Huasip-pacu Pacucha . Pahacca .

. Groin

Pahuani

• To fly ; run

Palla

•

Vestir a otro

• Alpaca Alpaca • (Embothrium monospermum, R. P. ) On the lofty mountains of Panao Rastrillar • To rake Moonshine

Pacta Pacu

Yeso

. (Calceolaria salicifolia, R. P.) Growing in Caxatambo · In place of En lugar de

Pachhallichini • To dress another Paco

Rubio

Claridad luna

de la

Igual Zarcillo Chimenea Enodio Ingle Voler ; correr

Married princess ; a India de linaje woman of noble noble family

153

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Pallani •

Pallcca . Pallcca-mayu

. To choose ; set apart Escoger Ramo · Branch of a tree The arms into which Brazos de un rio a river divides Acabar obra

Pallhuani

To finish work

Palqui .

(Cestrum virgatum, R. P. , Chile)

Palta

(Psidium pyriforme) Palta Alligator pear

Pampa Puru-pampa Pana

A plain • Desert

Campo ; llano

Sister of a brother

Despoblado Hermana de hermano

Panapas . Paña

Although Right hand

Aunque Mano derecho

Pancca

A leaf; the leaves Las hojas que cubren la mazorca covering an ear of maize

Panccu

Cold meat

Panchi

A tall malvaceous tree in the forests of Caravaya. The bark is used to make girdles

Panchini

To open (flowers) Panchin-tuctu • Spring season Pancuncu A torch Panqui

Panra Pantani

Panti-panti

Fiambre

Abrir (laflor) Primavera Hacha

• (Gunnera scabra, R. P.) So called in Muña

Rude ; foolish

Rudo ; tonto • To mistake ; to err Errar • (Lasiandra Fontanesiana. ) A beauti-

154

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . ful shrub in the mountains of Caravaya

Papi

Injured by moisture Dañado de humedad

Paquini . Para

To break Rain

Para . Paray-mitta Parhuay Paria

Parihuana Paru-sara

Pascani . Pasña

Romper Lluvia

• It rains

Llueve

• Rainy season · Flower of maize

Tiempo de aguas Flor de maiz

A sort of sparrow Gorrion (Chrysomitris Magellanica) Flamenco • A flamingo The part ofthe maize Parte mas tostado which has been del maiz most toasted Desatar • To loosen ; untie

Paspa Pasu

. Wench ; servant girl Muchacha; criada Grieta · A wrinkle Widower Viudo

Pata Patma

· Hill ; step ; bench Half

Cerro; grada;poyo Mitad

Patpa Patta

Wing ; feather

Paucar

Beautifully colour- Prado florido ed ; a flowerymeadow

Paucar-ccori

Paucar- cuna

Ala ; pluma

Collection ; gather- Union de muchos ing

Bright plumage • Parti-coloured

Plumaje brillante Diversidad de colores

155

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

time ; Tiempo de flores ; Paucar-huaray . Flowering month of March Marzo

Paucar-marca

• A tower on the for- Torre de la fortatress of Cuzco leza del Cuzco

Pauchi

· Waterfall

Pay

He · The same

Payquiquin Paypas

Paya

He also

· Old woman

Cascada El Mismo El tambien

Vieja ; avuela

Payaya-maman - Great grandmother Bisavuela Payaypa payan . Great-great-grand- Tetravuela mother Paylla Payllani .

Payllay

· Cooking utensil • To reward ; pay

Olla para cocinar Premiar ; pagar

· Pay

Paga

Paytiti .

Empire founded by 40,000 fugitive Ynca Indians in the Montañas, east of Cuzco

Pecca

Mash of maize for Masa de maiz para chicha making chicha Bow Arco

Pectta Pecttani

• To shoot with a bow Tirar con arco

Penccacuni

To be ashamed

Tener verguenza

Penccacuy Peroru •

Shame

Verguenza

Pi . Pi, Pillam Pim .

Handle for turning a Mango de huso para hilar spindle ; word used round Ayacucho En In (prep .)

Who

Quien

Who is it ?

Quien es ?

156

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Pipas Pich . Piamich .

Picani

Whoever

Cualquiera

• I do not know who

No sé quien (Clarisia biflora, R. Arbol de cuya leña se hace buenas P.) A tree yieldtablas ing good planking • To gather flowers Cogerflores

Picahuay

(Embothrium emarginatum. ) So called in Huanuco ; flowers used to decorate churches

Pichani .

To clean

Pichca

Five

Pichu (see Piscu) Pichu

Pichui

•

Pihihuy . Pihiña Pihinquini Pillaca • Pillpintu Pillu Pilluini .

Piñas

•

Pinchi Pincu

•

Pincullu . Pini-pini

Pinqui ..

Limpiar Cinco

A small pipe ; name Canilla of a northern suburb of ancient Cuzco • Eyeball First born

· Brave ; angry · To leap • A cloak . A small butterfly · A garland • To swim (fish) • Prisoner of war Sight • Top of the house A flute

Niña del ojo Primogenito Bravo

Saltar Capa Mariposa Guirnalda

Nadar (pescado)

Captivo en guerra Vision Cumbre de la casa Flauta

(Alstroemeria bracteata, R. P.) · Subterranean stream Chorro subterraneo

157

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Fish hook

Pinta Pintoc Pintuni ·

Pintuna . Pipu

Piqui

•

•

Cane • To wrap • Honeycomb • Thick ; dense A flea • Slack

Piqui Pirca

A wall

Pirhua

Caña

Envolver Pañal

Espeso Pique Flojo Pared

Granary (see G. de la Trox Vega, I, lib. v, c. v)

Piruru (see Peroru) A bird Piscu (Pisco) Pisi Little Pisque

Anzuelo

·

Pita Pitcca Pitini

Pajaro Pequeño

· A dish made from Potaje de quinua quinua Fine thread Hilo delgado • Fetters Angarillas To break thread Quebrar hilo

Pitita

Inner room ; parti- Alcova tion wall

Pittu

Flour dressed with Farina adobada cold meat de fiambre Par Equal

Pitu Pitiuni

Poccha Poccuni .

To desire anxiously Desear con ansia • A corn measure Fanega Madurar To ripen

Poccusca • Ripe Poccusca soncco• Experience · cay · To sprout Pocchini

Maduro

Esperiencia Brotar

158

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Россри Pocra

Posocco Ppacha • Ppacha- camac Ppacha-taccia Ppampani Ppuiñu Puca Puca-mullu Puca-quilla Pucara

Puchca Puchcani . Puchcu Puchu Puchucani Pucllani Puccru • Puhuni

Puhucuni (see Nina) • Puhullu . Puhura

A blister Ampolla · A nation conquered Tribu de Indios antiguos bytheYncas, inhade biting Guamanga Guamanga Foam Espuma Earth ; the world Tierra ; mundo Creator of the world Criadordelmundo · (Molina R. P.)

To cover ; bury A small vase

Tapar; enterrar

• Red

Vaso pequeño Colorado

• Coral Harvest moon

Luna de cosecha

• A fortress

Fortaleza

Coral

Aspindle for weaving Rueca Hilar en rueca To reel thread Sour

Acido

· The end

Fin

• To finish

Acabar

• To play • Cavern

Jugar Caverna

• To blow To light a fire

Soplar Encendar

Fringe ; tassel Feather

Pluma

Puhurun

A desert

Puhutuni

· To sprout Ravine

Puhuyuncu

prostrata,

Borla

Despoblado Brotar

Quebrada

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Pullcanca Pullurqui Puma

A shield

•

Puma-cuchu Puma-cancha Puma-curcu

Puma-chilca Pumap- chupa

Puna Puncu

. Eyelashes · American lion

159

Adarga Pestañas Puma

Krameria triandra, R.P., yielding a red and blue dye, in Tarma • The Ynca's me- Corral de leones nagerie "Lion's beam," an eastern suburb of Cuzco (Stereoxylon pendulum, R. P.) • " Lion's tail," name ofa southern suburb of ancient Cuzco. • An elevated plateau Desierto in the Cordilleras Puerta • A door

Ttiu-puncu Names of the three doorways in the Huiracocha -puncu fortress of Cuzco Acahuara-puncu Punchau Dia ; el sol A day ; the sun Puni • Certainly ; always Cierto ; siempre Hinchar • To swell Punquini Puntu-puntu

(Polypodium crassifolium), a fern, also called Calahuala, used to curerheumatism

· A large vase · To sleep

Vaso grande Dormir

Puñuna

• A bed

Puñunayani

• To be sleepy

Cama Tener ganas dormir

Puñuy

· Sleep

El dormir

Punu Puñuni

Puñupucuni

de

To sleep out of doors Dormir fuera de casa

160

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Pupa

• Asnare to catchbirds Liga para cazar pajaros · Navel Ombligo

Pupu Puquio • Pura Purhuani Purini Puric

Puru Puru-ccayan • Puruma · Puruncu Puruta • Pusac Pusani Pussac • Pussca

Manantial Ambo

· To walk

Coger llamas Andar

• A traveller • False

Viajero Falso

General mourning • Stubble

Luto

Rastrojo • Anearthenware vase Vaso de barro con cuello largo with a long neck A bean Frijol Guia . A guide Guiar To guide • Eight Ocho (Dianthera secundi- Planta que sirve flora, R. P. ), a para teñir azul plant yielding a dark blue dye, in the woods of Pozuzu Petaca • A trunk • To be sad Estar triste

Puti Putini

Pututu Puyllu

A spring ; source · Both ; mutually · To tether

•

Puyñu Puyu

· Musical instrument Concha made of a shell Borla • Tassel • A small cup Cantara pequeña Nube · A cloud

Qu. Quea

• Power

Poder

Quechimcha

• Soot

Hollin

161

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Quechispa Quechuni

• Eyebrows . To take away

Quehuani

To twist rope

• Lazy Quella To be lazy Quellani • Quellay (see Ccellay) Iron

Cejas Quitar Torcer Ocioso

Estar ocioso Hierro

Amarillo Quellu (see Ccello ) . Yellow · , (Larus serranus) a Gaviota Quellua . gull frequenting the lakes in the Andes • A flute

Quena Queñua

Quenti

·

Quepa Quepa

Quepani Ari ! quepay

Quepnani Queru Quesa Quespi Quespi-rumi Quespini Quessa Quichani

Flauta

(Polylepis racemosa, R. P.) , a tree growing in the loftier parts of the Andes Bent Corvo • Trumpet Trompeta Placed before a word denoting a relation, means step-father, half-brother, etc. · To remain Quedar

(Yes! remain), an order addressed to the mitimacs or colonists, by the Ynca Mayta Ccapac, hence Arequipa Vomitar • To vomit • Cup ; wooden bowl Vaso Pobre · Poor • Crystal ; glass • Diamond

Cristal ; vidrio Diamante

• To liberate

Librar

A nest • To open

Nido

Abrir M

162

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Quichca

• A thorn

Quichqui

• Narrow

Quichua

The language of the Lenguageneraldel empire of the YnPeru cas. Quichua is apparently a somewhat recentname for the language, and was not used by the earliest chroniclers, who called it " lengua general." In the most ancient grammar of the language, however, written by Domingo de San Tomas, and printed in 1560, it is called Quichua . A bezoar stone Bezoar

Quicu Quihuach Quihuachi

Quilla Quilla huañuc

Espino Angosto

Mother-in -law of the Suegra de la muwife jer Father-in - law of the Suegro de la mujer wife The moon Luna

Mosoc quilla

· The last quarter of El ultimo cuarto the moon de la luna Luna nueva New moon

Quilla pura Puca quilla

. Full moon Harvest moon

Quilla-caspi

Quilli-pata Quimsa .

Luna llena Luna de cosecha

• A plant in Tarapoto a Vochsynia, in Ambatu a Melastomacea ( Spruce) · A northern suburb of ancient Cuzco Tres • Three

Cascarilla Quina (see Ccara) . Bark Cinchona bark. When an Indian of Quina-quina (Quinquina) . Loxa, Jaen, and Piura speaks of quina-quina he means the balsam tree of Peru (Myrospermum)

163

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. · Cane

Quincha Quinchu

Quinray

·

A woman's lap • Broad

Caña Faldas Ancho

Paltoria ovalis, R. P. , growing on the loftiest mountains near Tarma

Quinti

Racimo de fruta

Quintu •

• A bunch of fruit

Quinua

(Chenopodium Quinua, L. ) , a cereal cultivated in the Cordilleras · To cover Tapar

Quipani Quipu

The system of recording by means of coloured threads and knots

• To read the quipus Leer quipus · Officer in charge of the quipus Quipucamayoc The same Mismo Quiqui Vastago acHence, Stem. Quira cordingto Spruce, Chahuarguera or quira, a species of Cinchona Acercar Quirani . . To approach Quipuni

A cradle

Quirau • Quiru Quiru-aycha

Diente

· Gums

Encias

Quiscca Quisi Quisoar . Quispi (see Quespi) Quisuni .

Thorn

Espino Soga (Buddleia Incana, R. P. ) , word used at Tarma and Huarochiri

. Rope

To scrape

Quisuar (see Quisoar) • Towards • Quiti Quitu

Cuna

• Tooth

· A dove

Raer

Hacia Paloma

164

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Ꭱ

Rac Racca Racca-sisa

Even • Vagina

Aun Vagina

(Clitoria, Lin. )

Raccacha (see Arac• An edible root cha) ·

Raiz de comer

Raccay .

Patio

Raccayhuallcca Racci-racci

Courtyard · Ragged A fern

Helecho

Raccu

· Fat ; thick

Gordo ; grueso

Racmi (see Rac) Racrani .

• To split

Rajar; hender

Ractaña .

Ramca

Roto

A geranium root, used for preserving the teeth, in the Collao Dream Sueño

Ramca-ramcaDawn of the morn- Crepusculo de la · mañana pacha . ing Enredarse Ramcuni To entangle Ramcucuni Rampani Ramran .

Ranca- machay Ranti • Rantini

Rapani .

Rapi Rapra Rarca Rasca

. To be entangled To lead the blind

Ser enredado

· A willow

Guiar ciego Aliso

• A cave ; hollow

Cueva

Agent ; deputy

Agente ; teniente

To exchange ; buy Trocar ; vender • To throw stones or Quitar piedras ó clods on one side, cespedes cuando aran when ploughing A leaf · A branch

Hoja Ramo

. An aqueduct A wing

Azequia Ala

165

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Rasnini

To tremble

Rassu

· Snow

Rattani •

Rattay Rattaña .

·

Raucani Raucana Raumani

Raurani . Rayan

Temblar

Nieve

· To fasten ; patch Pegar ; remendar • (Acaena trifida, R. P.) (Krameria triandra, Rataña R. P.) at Huanuco Escardar • To weed

A spud · To lop trees • To burn

Escardillo

Chapodar Arder ; encender

·

(Cornidia Peruviana, Sauco Endl. )

·

Because ; for

Por ; por causa December ; the first Deciembre ; fiesta solemne solemn festival in the year Ccapac Raymi . Solstice of Decem- Solsticio de Deciber embre

Raycu

Raymi

Recca Recsini Ricchani Ricchacuni

Riccharini Ricchay Ricra Ricuni

Ricuy Ricurini Rihuy Rimani Rimac

• Froth

To know by sight To remember • To be awake To awake

Face

Еврита Conocer de vista Acordar

Estar despierto Despertar Rostro

Shoulder ; arm · To see

Hombro ; brazo Ver ; mirar

Sight • To discover

Descubrir

A club

To speak

Vista

Clava Hablar

. Speaker (hence Lima)Hablador

166

QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Rimchichini

• To persuade

Riminacupuy Rimapuni .

· Meditation

Rimay Rimac- pampa

Speech • Name of a southern suburb of ancient Cuzco ; where ordinances were promulgated in the time of the Yncas • A crow (Velasco) Cuervo

Rinaui

•

Rincri

•

. Ear • To go

Rini Ricumuni . Rirpu

•

To ask

•

Rirpucuni . Riti

To visit

· Winter • Snow blindness

Rocca

•

Rocota

•

Oreja Ir Visitar

Espejo · To look in a mirror Mirarse en el espejo · Snow Nieve

Riti- surumpi

Ritini

Meditacion

Preguntar El hablar

. A mirror

Riti- mitta .

Riti-suyu .

Persuadir

Invierno

Surumpi · The loftier parts of Despoblado de los the Andes Andes To snow Nevar

The name of two of the Yncas ; the word has no meaning in Quichua Sordo Roccto (see Uppa) . Deaf Rocctoyani · To deafen Ensordecer

Rocro

Aji verde . A green capsicum A dish of potatoes Potaje de papas and green capsicon aji verde cums

• To make a noise Rocyani . Ruccana · Finger Mama ruccana • Thumb Tocsec ruccana . Second finger

Hacer ruido Dedo

Dedo pulgar Segundo dedo

167

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Chaupi ruccana . Middle finger Sullca ruccana • Little finger Ruccu

Dedo de en medio

Dedo pequeño • A decrepid old man Viejo

·

Rucma (or Lucma) . ( Caballeria latifolia, Lucuma R. P. ) a fruit tree Rucru (see Rocro) Potato soup Rucru Caldo de papas Rumi Rumi-rumi Rumi-checacc

· Manly Surname

Runap Runa-suti •

·

Rupani • Rupay

Rupay-mitta •

Ruquini .

Rurani Rurasca Rurac Ruray

• Stony A quarry

Cantera

Redondo

• (Jatropha Manihot, Yuca Lin. ) An edible root • A man Hombre Concurso · A crowd

Runa · Runa-runa

Runtu

Piedra Pedroso

Round ; rolled up

Rumpu . Rumu

Runachani Runcu

· A stone

• To subject

• A bag of coca · An egg • To burn

Varonil Apellido Sujetar Cesto de coca Huevo

Quemar · Heat ; warmth ; the Calor ; sol sun (G. de la Vega, I, p. 64) • Summer Verano

• To tighten the frame Apretar la trama in weaving del tejido To do Hacer Done • Doer ; agent · A deed

Hecho Hacedor El hacer

168

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Ruru

. Fruit ; pips ; eyeball Fruta ; pepito • To cut Cortar

Rutuni Rutuchicuni

To shear

Trasquilar

S

· To pick out stones • Castanets

Sacani

Sacapa · Sacha (see Hacha) Saclacc- marca

Sacmani .

Name of a tower on Torre de la fortaleza del Cuzco thefortress ofCuzco To strike repeatedly . Bad ; vile · Ragged • To tear

Sacra Sacsa Saccsani

Quitar piedras Cascaveles

Apuñetear Malo ; vil

Andrajoso Hastar

Sacsa-huaman . Eagle (the fortress Aguila at Cuzco) Sactani • • To beat ; pound Aporrear Sahuani . Enlazar To bind

• Connexion

Sahuay Sahuinta · Salla Sallallalla . Sallca

Sallca-runa Sallma-rumi Salluc-rumi

Samani .

·

· Guava · Rocky ground • A thunderstorm

Enlazadura Guava

Tierra peñascosa con Tempestad trueno

Wilderness

Desierto

Wild Indian

Indio

• Sulphur Azufre • A very hard stone, Piedra muy dura with which the con que los Indios labraban Peruvians worked other stones otras piedras Descansar • To rest

169

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Samana Samay Sami

Samiyoc Samincura

·

Place of rest • Rest

Lugar de descanso Descanso

·. Fortune

Dicha

Dichoso Fortunate A root used as a su- Raiz medicina dorificinAzangaro Flojo Señal

Sani

Lazy A signal Boiled maize · Brown

Sansa

· Cinder

Brasa

Sañu

A glazed tile · A brick

Loza

Sampa Sanampa Sanccu

Sañu-tica ·

Sapa

Color morada

Ladrilla

Only one. Added to Solo uno nouns, as aparticle to denote degree · Only

Sapay

Yncap sapaychurin The heir apparent Sapallan apu • Only lord

Sapallan ccoya . Only queen Sapallan Ynca . The sovereign A calabash Sapallu • A root Sapi

Sapra

Maiz cocida

·

Sapsi Sara

Sara-mama

• Hairs of the beard

Unico

Heredero forzoso Unico señor Unica reyna

El rey Calabaza Raiz Pelo de la barba

. A thing common to Cosa comun para all todos Maize (Zea Mais, L.) Maiz . Double or very large Masorcas dobles ears ofmaize which que adoraban the Peruvians wor- los antiquos Peruanos shiped

170

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Saruni Sasa

Satca Satini Saucani . Sauna Saya-saya Sayal

Sayani .

To thread

Pisar

Difficult

Dificil

• Sharp · To jumble • To ridicule

Aspero Embutir

Burlar Almohada · A pillow Verbena • Verbena • A palm tree of gi- Especie de palma gantic size in Caravaya To stand Estar en pie

Ccali-sayay (Ca- The most valuable Especie de cascarilla lo mas eslisaya) species of quinine timada yielding bark tree (Ccali, strong, and sayay , stand up) Stature Estatura Sayay st To op Parar Sayaycuni •

Cansar • To tire Cansar another To tire · a otro Sayccuchini · Fatigue Fatiga Sayccuy Sayccusca-rumi . " The tired stone" ; Piedra cansada an immense block lying ontheroad between the quarry and the ruins of Ollantay-tombo • Landmark Lindero Sayhua

Sayccuni

Sayri Sayri-sayri

Sayttu • Scyri

Tobacco

Tabaco

· A milk-white flower Flor en lospajonain the meadows of les de Caravaya Caravaya

Cosa larga y angosta " Lord of all" ; title Rey de Quito ofthe kingof Quito Long and narrow

171

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Seccani .

. To transplant

Trasponer To close a bag with Cerrar con lazo strings Nose Nariz Tierra seca • Dry land

Secconi . Sencca •

Sequa Seque Sia-sia Siccicichini

•

• A line ; ruler Raya ; rayado • (Martinezia interrup- Especie de palma ta, R. P.) A palm • To tickle Hacer coquillas a alguno

Sichpa (see Cichpa) · To spread out straw Esparcir Sicnini . paja para mesclarla for mixing with con barro bricks Sicuna • Percha perc A h . Braza · A cubit Sicya

Silla Sillcuni Sillina Sillu Sillustani Simi

Simi-sapa . Simin-ñisca Simicta-cconi Simpa

Simpa-chaca ·

Simpani Sinca • Sinchi

• Gravel To scratch · Sulphur Nail

Cascajo Rascar Azufre Uña

. Ancient sepulchral towers in the Collao, near Puno • Mouth ; word Boca ; palabra Hablador • A talker . A promise To give counsel

Promesa Aconsejar

. Tress ; plait ; rope • Bridge of ropes

Cresneja ; soga Puente de sogas

. To plait · Half-drunk

Cresnejar Medio boracho

Strong

Fuerte

172

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Sinchichani Sincu

•

. To fortify • A ball

Sintiru

Fortalecer Bola

A wild pig ; peccary Jabali Doncella ; Maiden ; girl ceba

Sipas

Twilight • To choke

Sipi

Sipini

man-

Crepusculo

Ahogar Tos · Whooping- cough • A small piece of Pedacito de qualquiera cosa anything To fold ; wrinkle Plegar ; arrugar Murmurar · To murmur Huron A ferret

Sipicu-cus . Sipti Sippuni .

Sipsicani Siqui

Backside To sew

Siqui Sirani Siracuna

Nalga Coser

· A thorn used as a Espina de coser needle

Siray-camayoc . Tailor Sirca · A vein Sircani

Sastre Vena

• To bleed

Sangrar

Pulse • A lancet

Pulso

• To lie down · Under lip

Acostar

Sirca-ticcticc-

ñiyñin Sircana Sirini

Sirpi Sisa Racca-sisa

Sisi Sisini

•

A flower

• Clitoria , Lin. • Ant

To scarify

Lanceta

Labio inferior Flor Culo Hormiga Sajar

173

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Sispa Situa

Situa-raymi

Siui Soconcha Soccarini Socco Socrani . Socsini Socta Soncco

Soncco-apac Soncco-hapic Soncconac Soncco- sapa

Near

Cerca

· September ; the Septiembre; fiesta fourth solemn festival in the year . Autumnal equinox

Equinoccio Otoño

Anillo . A ring • (Salvia acutifolia, R. P.) To raise from the Alzar algo suelo ground

de

del

Canas • Grey hair · To fall (ripe maize ) Caer (maiz madura) To gnaw Roer • Six

Seis

Heart. (Frequently Corazon added to a noun, to denote heartiness or proficiency) Amable • Amiable

Memory · Mad Proud

Memoria Loco Soberbio

Sondor (see Suntur) Sora (see Uiñapu) . (G. de la Vega, i, p. 277 ; Prescott, i, p. 128. ) A fermented liquor from maize, of much greater strength than chicha. The use of it was forbidden by the Yncas to the common people. This is not a Quichua word Sorochi . Turquoise ; sulphate Sulfato de hierro of iron ; also the

174

Suani Sua .

Suay Suachicuni Succa Succanca Suchi

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. sickness in the Cordillera, caused by rarefied atmosphere • To steal Robar • A thief • Theft

To be robbed

Ladron Robo Estar robado

. Saltpetre Salitre The solstitial pillars at Cuzco, for determining the time of the solstices • Here Aqui

Suchi

(Plumieria, R. P.) • (Plumieria incarnata, R. P.) Ccarhuas-suchi . (Plumieria lutea, R. P.) Suchu · Crippled Encojado Sulla Dew Rocio Sullani To bedew ; to weep Rociar

Puca-suchi

Sullca Youngest son Sullca ruccana • Little finger Sullu Premature

Hijo menor Dedo pequeño Aborto Cascada

Sullu

• Waterfall

Sullul Sumac

• Beautiful

Hermoso

• To be beautiful

Estar hermoso Hermosear

Sumani

True

Sumacchacuni . To beautify · Honour Sumay

Verdad

Honra

Hermosura • Beauty Sumac huayta • (Alstroemeria formosissima, R. P.) Sumac-achira • (Canna Indica, Lin. )

Sumac- cay

Sumpallu

· A beautiful spiny palm in Caravaya (Guilelma)

175

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Suncca •

• Chin ; cheek

Sunchu .

A large yellow composita. The Indians used to boil the leaves, dry them in the sun, and keep them to eat in winter (G. de la Vega, i, lib. viii, 15) · Long Cosa larga

Suni Suntu

• A heap • To heap up • Round

Suntuni Suntur Suntur-huasi Sunu Supay Supullu . Surcuni .

· To take ; to get · An ostrich (Rhea Americana, L.) · Long clothes dragging along the ground · Snow-blindness

Suru

Surumpi Suruni ..

Redondo

Ampolla Sacar Avestruz

Ropa larga que arrastra

Mal de niege

To disengrain corn Desengranar by dropping it from a height

Suti Sutini

Name To name

Sutinchani

To declare

Sutiyani Sutuni

Sutu

Monton Amontonar

. A very ancient building at Azangaro • An urn Vasija • The Devil Diablo • A blister

Suri

Barba ; mejillas

•

Sutuchi-acca

• To give a name . To drop • A drop

Distilled spirits

Nombre Nombrar Declarar Dar nombre

Gotear Gota Alcohol

176

Suyani • Suyay Suysuni . Suysuna Suytu-rumi Suyu

Suyuni Suyuntuy

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . • To wait

Esperar

Hope To strain

Esperanza Pasar por cedazo

· A sieve

Cedazo

A huge stone · A province To divide

Piedra grande Provincia

A Turkey buzzard

Repartir Gallinazo

T Ta

Through • Also

Tac

Tacani Tacana Tacama Tacarpu Taccani Taclla

Tacpas (see Tac) Tacsa Tacsani · Tacsana Tacuni

Por Tambien

To hammer

Martillar

A hammer

Martillo

A black duck

Pato

• A tank To scatter . A plough Short To wash

Estanca Esparcir Arado

De estatura pequeña Lavar

• Soap · To mix

Jabon

Tacurini

· To disturb

Alborotar

Tacya

• (Molina obovata, R. P.; Baccharis obovata De Cand. ) To fix Fijar . A girl old enough to Muchacha casadora marry

Tacyani Tacya-sipas

Mesclar

177

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Tallani Tallini

Το pour out . To empty

Echar Vaciar

Tambo (see Tampu) Tami-tami Agentian, used as a febrifuge (Gentiana Tamitami, Azara) stumble • To Andar cayendo Tampini Tampu (or Tambo) An inn • Rain Tamya • Chilblain Tanapa .

Venta

Tancani

Empujar

Tancar Tancayllu Tañini Tantani Tanta

Тара Tapia Tapia-hucha Tapia-coyllur Tapuni . Taqui • Taquini Taquiy Tarini Taripani Tarpuni Taruca Tarui

· To push A thorn

· A hornet

To stop · To join, collect A crowd A nest

Evil omen • A great crime · Malign star

Lluvia Sabañon

Espina Tabano Estancar Juntar

Turba Nido

Aguero malo Pecado grave Estrella fatal

· To ask · Music

Preguntar Musica

• To sing • A song • To find

Cantar

• To examine • To sow

Cancion Hallar Examinar Sembrar

· A deer (Cervus anti- Cervo siensis) Altramuz . A lupin N

178

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

• Doncella ; muchacha

Tasqui

. A maiden ; girl

Tasta

• (Stereoxylon patens, R. P.) Buds used for curing wounds To cease Cesar

Tatini Taucca

Tauna Taycuni Tayta • Thanta Thucnin Thunquini Tiana

• A heap A stick

Monton

To trample • Father

Hollar

• Ragged . It lightens • To be in doubt

Andrajoso

Baston

Padre

Relampaguear Ser dudoso Asiento

• A seat ; a throne To sit

Asentar

Tian-tian

• A grasshopper

Cigarra

Tiapayani Tica Ticcu

. To help A brick

Ayudar Adobe

Ticpani . Ticrani

· To lean on one side Apoyar To turn inside out Volver al reves To turn over Trasferir A wart Verruga Fiero · Wild

Tiani

Ticsuni . Ticti Tilla

Timpta . Timpuni Tincay Tincu (see Tingo) Tincuni . Tincuchini Tincullpa

A vase

Vaso

Maderacarcomida

Worm-eaten wood To boil

Cocer

A fillip

Papirote

To meet ; to fight To mix

Encontrar; pelear Mesclar

A wheel

Rueda

179

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Tingo (or Tincu)

• Junction of rivers

To pair

Tinquini Tintin

Punto de reunion de dos rios Hacer pares

Fruit of the passion Granadilla flower

Tinya •

Tipani Tipa .

Tipque Titi Titi- cacca .

Guitar

Guitara

• To hold

Prender

• A pin Alfiler . A small breast pin Alfiler pequeño Plomo · Lead • Rock of lead (name of the great Peruvian lake)

Titu

liberal ; Liberal August ; magnanimous (G. de la Vega, I, p. 145) ; name of an Ynca

Tituni Tituc

To provide Liberal

Proveer

Tiyani Tocani

To delay

Morar

Foclla

Toco Toco-cachi

Toctu Tola

Tola

. To spit • Lasso Window

Liberal

Escupir Lasso Ventana

"Window of salt" ; name of an eastern suburb of ancient Cuzco

Miel Honey · (Baccharis Incarum , Wedd. ) Used for fuel round Puno Burial places of the Sepulcros de los Scyris of Quito, so Reyes del Cuzco called

180

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . • Sweat Sudor A constellation so called (Acosta, l.v)

Toque Topa-tarca

Measure of land ; a Medida ; alfiler large pin To measure Medir

Topu Topuni Tora

Brother of a sister

Ttahua ·

. Four

Hermano de hermana

Cuarto

Ttahuantin-suyu The four provinces El imperio de los Yncas (name of the Empire of the Yncas) Ttanta Bread Pan

Dar pasos Flor

Ttatquini Ttica

• To stride • A flower

Ttipani Ttiu

• To prick with a pin Prender con alfiler Sand Arena

Ttopina .

•

A poker

Hurgon

Ttuco (see Toco)

Ttura (see Tura) Tucsini Tucu Tucuyricuc Tullpuni Tullu Misqui-tullu

Herir · To wound . An owl Lechuza Ynca governor of a Gobernadordeuna provincia province • To dye Teñir A bone • "Sweet bone" lazy fellow)

Tumbo (see Tumpu) Tumi · A knife •

Hueso (a

Cuchillo

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Tumpalla Tumpani

Quickly ; easily To bear witness

181 Ligeramente Levantar testimonio

Tumpu (or Tumbo) A Tacsonia in the campiña of Arequipa Tumpu . (Calceolaria trifida, R. P. ) Afebrifuge Tunini • Caerse (la pared) To fall (a wall) · PeruviPajaro colorado Tunqui (Rupicola ana) , a bird with gorgeous scarlet plumage • A royal thing ; re- Real Tupac • splendent ; name of honour Tupa- cochon

Тира-соса

Tupa-yanti Tupani Tupu (see Topu) Tura (see Tora) Tura Turu

• A piece ofgold set with precious stones into which the royal fringe was fixed • Royal provision for couriers Cetro real

. The regal sceptre. • To rend

Raspar

(Pariphragmosflexuosus, R. P.) Leaves used in washing clothes Lodo Mud

Tuscuni

. To stamp

Patear

Tushuy Tusuni .

A dance (Velasco) • To dance . A ball

Baile Bailar Baile

Tusuy Tusunacuy Ruyra tusuy

• Dance of a man and woman • Dance of many, in a circle

182

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Muyuy tusuy Tinqui tusuy Aucca tusuy

• Dance, turning in order • Dance in a chain · War dance

Sapa- tusuy Tuta

• A dance by a single person ( Velasco) Noche Night

Tuya

• A little finch

Pajarita Decargar

Tuyucuni

To unload

Tuyuya .

A pelican (Velasco) Alcatraz

U Uaccu Uachu

•

. Egret • A furrow in a field

Uachua (see HuaA widgeon chua ) . Uallata (see Huallata) • Beneath Ucapi •

Uccini

• To scratch

Especie de garza Surco Avucasta

Abajo Raspar

Uccu (see Huccu) Uccucha (see Huccucha) Ucha • Dung of llamas Uchpa Uchu

•

Uchu-uchu Ucumari

Ucuncha Ucupi

· Cinder

Estiercol de llamas Ceniza

• Capsicum Aji · (Ceratostema grandiflora) • A bear Urso Camisa Shirt

Within

Adentro

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Uecca

·

Ueno-ueno beno)

Ueque Uequen . Uesque . Uhu

• Dirt

Porqueria

(Beno- (Pimentelia glomerata, Wedd. ) A chinchonaceous tree in the forests of Caravaya A tear Lagrima • Gum Resina A divorced woman A cough

Uichay Uichaya Uichccani

183

•

Up hill · (Capparis) To shut

Mujer divorciada Tos Cuesta arriba

Cerrar

Uichi

A bowl

Cantaro

Uicsa

Belly · Vicuña

Barriga Vicuña

Vicuña

Uilar-layu (see Ractania) Uillamuni To give notice Uillani To refer

Uilca (see Huilca) . To fill Uinani • Uiñapu

Uiñani

Uiñay Uiña- causay

Avisar Referir Llenar

A very strong liquor (G. de la Vega, 1 , p. 277) ; also the name of a chinchonaceous tree in the forests of Caravaya Crecer To increase Aumento • Increase

Eternal life

Vida eterna

Uiñay-niñay

• Always

Uiñay-huayna

. Evergreen (see Huaraca) • Fillet ; head dress Faja de la cabeza

Uincha .

Siempre

184

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Uipiyani Uira (or Vira) Uira-cocha

Uirpa Uiru

•

Uiscacha

• To flog

Espuma; manteca Foam of the sea ; Espuma del mar name of one of the Yncas

. Upper lip • Maize stalk

Ullpuycuc • Ullpu

Ullucu • Uma Uma-raymi Umacha . Umiña

Umini

Umu

Labio superior Caña de maiz

· (Lagidium Peruvia- Conejo num) A large rodent, in the loftier parts of the Cordilleras

Uisccani (see Uichccani) Uisclla • Spoon • Twin sisters Uispalla . Uitcu · Gutter ; channel • Ullpu

Azotar

Foam ; grease

· Down Humble

Cuchara Hermanasgemelas Canal

Bajo Humilde

• Quinoa leaves

Hojas de quinoa An edible root (Tro- Raiz de comer poolumtuberosum) Cabeza • Head Autumn Otoño

• Walls of earth, se- Lomos entre los surcos parating furrows Emerald (the na- Esmeralda tives of Esmeraldas worshipped an idol called Umiña (Velasco) Dar de comer, con To feed by hand la mano

A priest

Sacerdote

QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Huillac-umu

• High-priest

185

Pontifice

Umu-Raymi (see · Month of September Septiembre Huaraca) Umutu • Enano · A dwarf Uña Cordero · Lamb Unancha Señal · Signal Unani Uncu

•

· To delay A tunic

Unu (see Yacu)

· Water

Ununayani Upa

· To bethirsty Deaf and dumb To be silent

Upallani

· To wash

Upani

Demorar Camiseta Agua Tener sed Sordo-mudo Callar

Lavar

Upi

New chicha

Chicha nomadura

Upiani

To drink

Beber

Drinking cup

Vaso de beber

Upiana Ura

Uray Urapi Uraycuni • Urccu · Urcu

Urcu-quillay Uritu

•

. A deep place • Down hill Below . To alight Mountain Male

Lugar profundo Cuesta abojo Abajo Apearse Cerro

Macho

• The stara Lyre (Acosta, lib. v) Loro · A parrot

Urmani

· To fall

Urpi Uru

. Dove

Caer Palomita

Spider · Cobweb

Telaraña

Uru-llican

Araña

186

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Usa

· Louse

Usacuni Usachini

To louse • To obtain

Piojo Despiojar Alcanzar

Uscani •

. To beg Mendigar Uscullu (see Oscollo) · (Spermacoce assurgens, R. P.) GrowUspica • ing near Lima, Chancay, &c. . Paunch Panza Uspun Usuri

•

Ususi

• Sandal ; shoe

Utca

Soon

Utcani Utcas

Ucuiba

Utini Uturuncu •

Uyarini Uyarina

Uysu

. To hurry

Zapata Presto

Darse priesa

(Egiphila multiflora, R. P.) A very hard wood

Utcu

Uyani Uysu

Enfermo

Daughter of the fa- Hija del padre ther

Usuta

Uya

• Sick

Cotton (Gossypium Algodon arboreum and Barbadense) Name for cotton, given by Velasco Ser loco • To be mad • A jaguar • Face

To hear

Tigre Rostro ; cara Oir

· Twisted wool

Oido Obedecer Lana torcida

. Ploughed

Arado

• Hearing To obey

187

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Y

Y (or Niy or Ninniy) A possessive particle Mio in the first person, added to words Yacca Casi • Almost Yacca-mana Scarcely Apenas Yaccani . Yachani . Yachacuni

To follow • To know To learn •

Yachachini Yacha-huasi Yacolla Yactuni

Yactuc-runa

To teach · School

Seguir Saber

Aprender Enseñar Escuela

• A cloak

Сара · To play the fool with Bufonear con vimasks sages A buffoon Bufon

Yahuar-masi

• Water (word used Agua at Ayacucho, and northward in the Chinchaysuyu country) Blood Sangre Pariente de con. Blood relation

Yahuarini .

• To bleed

Yacu (see Unu)

Yahuar

sanguinidad Sangrar

Yahuar-huaccac " Weeping blood" (name of one of the Yncas) Exceder Yallini . To exceed

188

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Yamta (see Llamta) Fuel Yana Black

Yana Yana-cuna Yanahuico

Yana-hispa Yanani •

Yanapani Yanapay Yanasa Yanlli Yanti

•

• A servant

Leña Negro Criado

Indians bound to Indios destinados al servicio service

• (Ibis Ordi, Bonap. ) Dysentery To try To help

. Help Female friend

Disenteria

Probar Ayudar Ayuda

Amiga de mujer

A thorny tree so Arbol con espinas called

Yanuni •

. Sceptre · To cook

Yapani

• To add

Yapa Yapuni .

• Addition ; a slice . To plough • A plough

Cetro Cocinar Añadir Lonja Arar

Arado Yapuna Yaravi (see Haravi) Yarcca Hambre • Hunger • (Cocos Yatay, Mart. ) Yatay in Bolivia Yaucuni , • To fit Caber Murmurar Yaunani • To mutter Yaurina . Yauyani . Yaya Ychacca .

otra

• A fish hook To diminish . Father ; master • Yet

Anzuelo Disminuir

Padre ; amo Todavia

189

QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Ychma

Colorado

Vermilion

· (Stipa Ichu, Kunth. ) Yerba ; paja The grass of the Peruvian Cordilleras ; straw

Ychu

Ychucuni .

Ychuna · Ycma

• To consult fate by Consultar el hechicero con unas means of straws pajas • Headlong Hoz

• Widow

Ylla

Viuda

• Bezoar stone, which Piedra besoar the Indians wear as a charm

Yllani

To shine

Resplandecer Rayo

Yllapa

· Thunderbolt

Yllapantac

• This word combines the three significations, it lightens, it thunders, thunderbolts fall (G. de la Vega, I, lib. ii, p. 68) A sort of thrush Tordo • What ? Que?

Yllichihua Yma-ymalla Ymach

•

Ymaynam .

Yma- raycu Ymapas Ymana Yñaca Ynca

Ynca-hualpa .

• What?

Que cosa ? Como

How

· Why • Whatever

Porque

Qualquiera • So ; as Asi ; como Mantle for the head Mantellina de cabeza · King ; sovereign ; Nombre de los anname of the ancitiguos reyes del Peru ent sovereigns of Peru

(Thinocarus Tsch. )

Ingæ,

190

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Yncca

• Each

Ynchic

An edible root (G. Raiz de la Vega, I, lib. 8, cap. x) • To affirm Afirmar Flores Flowers

Yñini Ynquill . Ynquill-pata

• A flowery meadow

Cada

Prado lleno flores

de

Ynquill-pillu Ynti

Yntip nan

A garland of flowers Corona de flores . The Sun, when spok- Sol en of as the Deity (see Rupay, Punchau) locismuOriente · The east

Yntip huachin . A ray Yntip-raymi • June

Rayo Junio

Yntip-yaycunan West

Occidente

Yntip-churi

Yntuni Yqni

Yquini Yoc

Ypa

Ypa

Child of the Sun ; a Hijo del Sol title of the Ynca To surround

Rodear

· Second possessive Tuyo particle , added to words

To cut Cortar Added Possession. to nouns , it denotes the owner or holder Aunt ; sister of the Tia ; hermana del father padre Joint of bamboo ; word used in the Paucartambo montaña

191

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Ypu Yquichanos

Ysañu

Yscay

• Light rain · Tribe ofindependent Indians near Guamanga A bitter kind of oca (which see) Two

Yscay-nequen • Twice ; second False Yscay-soncco

Yscun Yscu

• Nine

Lime

Ysmuni . Ystalla •

• To rot Coca bag

Yta

• A minute insect

Ytapallu Yticani

• To rob

Yticllani •

Ytuchi

Ytu Yucra Yucu

Yuccu Yumani . Yumaycuni Yunca (corruptly Yungus)

• A nettle

Tribu de Indios

Raiz de comer Dos Segundo Falso Nueve Cal Podrir

Talega de coca Insecto muy pequeño Ortiga Robar

To deceive Engañar • A peccary (Velasco) Puerco de monte • A fast Ayuno Camaron . A large shrimp

(Onocrotalus fuscus) Alcatraz A pelican Palmo · A span · To engender • To sting

Engendrar Picar

Warm tropical val- Montaña leys to the east of the Andes

Yungeños (see Collahuayas) To count

Yupani .

Garua

Contar

192

QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Yupa Yupayoc Yupanqui .

Ypini Yura Yurac Yurac-quispi Yurac-huasi

Yurac-huassa Yurini

·

Yutu Yuyani Yuyacuni

Yuyana

Price · Honest

Precio Honrado

Virtuous ; name of Virtuoso several of the Yncas. Yupanqui is the second person singular, future, indicative of Yupani, and signifies literally " You will count". Meaning that he who bears this title will count as one who is excellent for his virtues, clemency, piety, &c. (G. de la Vega) Derribar To pull down • A plant White

Planta

· White quartz

Cuarzo

Blanco

Crystal quartz Another name for Paytiti (which see) · (Solanum Incanum, R. P.) To be born Nacer Perdiz . A partridge

· To think ; remember Pensar ; acordar To meditate Meditar Pensamiento . Thought

Memory Yuyay Yuyap-ppitini · To faint Yuyu Garden stuff

Memoria

Desmayar Hortaliza

193

NOTE ON THE LANGUAGE OF THE INDIANS OF PERU. (At the beginning of the Commentarios Reales of Inca Garcilasso de la Vega. )

A.D. 1609. For the better understanding of what, with the blessing of God, we purpose to write in this history, as we shall have to use many words in the general language of the Indians of Peru, it will be well to give some account of it. The accent is almost always on the penultimate syllable, sometimes on the ante-penultimate, but seldom or never on the last. I have also to remark that in this general language of Cuzco (of which I am speaking, and not of the dialects of every province, which are innumerable) , the following letters are wanting- B, D, F, G, J, L single, but they have the double Ll. Nor have they the letter X, so that they want six letters of the Spanish a b c, and seven counting the single L. The Spaniards, however, introduce these letters, thus corrupting and injuring the language. To avoid this corruption, it is lawful for me, as an Indian, to write as one, and to use only the letters which the Indians use in pronouncing their words ; and those who read must not take this innovation ill, for that I should go contrary to a bad custom, and write these words with purity and precision, ought rather to give pleasure . I should also mention that there is no plural in this language, although there are particles which signify the plural number. This language has many other things very different from Spanish, Italian, or Latin ; but it is certainly a pity that so expressive a tongue should be lost or corrupted.

194

NOTES .

REMARKS

ON THE QUICHUA LANGUAGE, In the Historia Antigua del Peru, by Don Sebastian Lorente .

A.D. 1860. Quichua is a language as admirable for force of expression and richness in words, as for regularity in its forms, and sweetness in sound. The terminations cause a most energetic conciseness, expressing complex ideas and whole conceptions with one noun or verb, which in other languages would require a multitude of words. The idea of plurality is denoted in many ways, each appropriate to the particular circumstance ; sometimes with expressive terminations, at others by a combination of words. The different relationships are expressed in different words according to the person who speaks. The first person plural distinguishes clearly whether we exclude or include those who are addressed . A single expression marks whether the action of the verb relates to the second or third person. Certain particles added to nouns show at once to whom they belong. Other terminal particles express interrogation, doubt, or condition. Some have pretended that, as a language of a simple people without scientific culture, Quichua would be ill adapted to express metaphysical ideas and even many moral conceptions, but the facility with which translations of the Christian doctrine, of some classical authors, of sermons, and of compositions of all kinds, have been made, demonstrate the contrary. In Quichua, the composition of sentences is simple and regular ; there is only one declension,

NOTES .

195

and the cases are formed by the addition of prepositions. One conjugation, complete in its voices, moods, and tenses, serves for all the verbs, and is formed by agglutinating the terminations to the root. The syntax is very easy, the deed always preceding the doer. The predominance of vowels makes the language exceedingly sweet. It wants the letters double R, single L, B, V, D, F, G, J, X, but there are sounds. expressed in our writings by CC, CK, PP, QQ, TT, CHH, and other imperfect symbols, whence much confusion has arisen .

FROM

The Antiguedades Peruanas of Don Mariano E. de Rivero. The Quichua language has a complete declension formed by means of certain particles placed after the noun. It has primitive personal pronouns, and also possessive pronouns quite distinct from the personal, and these are inseparable from the noun, and are always placed after it. The Quichua has a system of numbers so complete thatany arithmetical quantity can be expressed by them. It has a very perfect form of conjugation, and the moods and tenses are more complete than in many of the most cultivated languages of the ancient continent.

196

ENGLISH - QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

A To be able. Atini Absence. Carunchacuy To abuse. Anyani According to. Cama To accuse. Chatani Addition. Yapa To adore. Muchani Adultery. Ayuy, huachocay To commit adultery. Ayuni , huachoni Advice. Cunay To adopt a son. Churichani Adze. Llaclana Afflicted. Llacci To affirm. Ariñi, Yñini After. Ccepi After (applied to time) . Ccayantin Age. Machucay Agent. Ranti, rurac Agile . Ccolli Ague. Anti-onccoy Air . Huayra Air whistling among leaves of trees. Chiuiuiuiñichi To alight. Uraycuni All. Huñun , llapa, cama Almighty. Llapa-atipac Almost . Asllallamanta, yacca Alms (to give). Ccuyani Aloe. Chuchau Aloe fibre. Chahuar Also. Chaypas, hinaptin

Although. Panapas Always. Puni To approach. Ccayllacuni, quirani April. Arihua Aqueduct. Rarca (subterranean). Huirca To argue. ñinacuni Arm . Ricra To arrange. Camarini Arrangements . Hamutay-cuna Arrow. Huachi As. Ymana As far as. Cama Ashes. Llipta To ask. Mañani, rimapani, tapuni To assist each other. Ampuni Audacious. Anchallarac August. Ccapac-situa August. Titu Aunt . Ypa Author. Ccallarichic Autumn. Uma-raymi Avarice. Micha To awaken. Ccollipayani, Riccharini To be awake. Ricchacuni Axe. Ayri B Babe. Cculla Back. Huasa Backside. Siqui

ENGLISH- QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Bad. Sacra, manan-alli Bag. Huayacca, cutama, ccocau, huallqui Bag for coca. Chuspa, runcu , ystalla Balance. Aysana Ball. Sincu Balsam plant. Muña Bamboo, Mamac Bamboo joint. Ypa Bandage round a mummy's head. Huincha To banish. Ccarcconi Banks of a river. Mayu- pata To bar a door. Chacaycuni Bard. Harahuec or Yaravec Bark. Quina , caspi-ccara To bark a tree. Llustini To bark. Allco huacani Barren. Ccallpa To bask. Masani Basket. Cullancha, ccutmu Bat. Masu, chichi Bath. Armana To bathe. Armani Battle. Auccay Battle-axe. Champi To be. Cani Beak. Acacllu Beam. Curca Beans. Pirutu, puruta Bear. Ucumari Beard . Sapra Beast. Llama To beat. Sactani Beautiful. Sumac Beauty. Sumaccay, alliricchay Because. Raycu Bed. Puñuna Bedtime. Haucay pacha Beer. Acca, huarapa Beetle. Cucaracha To behead. Naccani

197

Before . Manarac, cca, ñaupac To beg. Uscani To begin. Ccallarini Behind. Ccepi, hahua, huasaman Bells. Chanrares Belly. Uicsa Belonging to. Maquiypi Below. Urupi Belt. Chumpi Beneath. Ucapi Benefit. Allim Bent. Quenti To bespatter. Lluspini Bezoar stone. Ylla, ayaylla, quicu To bind. Sahuani Bird. Piscu To boast. Hapani Boat. Huampu To boil. Timpuni Boiled maize (see maize ) Bold. Auchallarac Bone. Tullu To be born. Paccarini, yurini Bosom. Chipana, ñuñu, cascu Both. Pura Boundary. Ceaylla Bowels. Chunchulli, ñatti Bowl. Queru, uichi Bowstring. Ancu To box the ears. Cacclaruchani, chillpini Boy. Macta, huarma Boyhood, Huarmacay Brains . ñuctu Branch. Ccallma , hachap chapran, pallcca, rapra Brave. Huamincca Bread. Ttanta, huminta Bread (sacrificial) . Cancu To break. Paquini, liquini , cumpani, ccallani To break thread. Pitini

198

ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Breast. ñuñu Breast of a fowl. Ccocan Breeches. Huara Brick. Tica, sañu-tica Bridge. Chaca Bridge of ropes. Simpa-chaca To bring. Apamuni Broad. Quinray Bronze. Chacrasca- anta Broom. Chacu Brother. Huauque, llocsimasi, tora Brother-in- law. Massani Brown. Sani Bruised all over. Chocri- sapa To brush the teeth . Ccatquini Bud. Llulla To bud. Сcapñuni Buffoon . Ccamchu, yactuc-runa To build. Huasichani Bulging out. Chichu Bunch. Quintu Bundle. Ccepi Burden. Ccepi , apana Burial -place. Huaca , tola To burn. Raurani, rupani Butcher. Chocri- camayoc Butterfly . Pillpintu , acarhuay Button . Mucmu To buy. Rantini

Carpenter. Ccullu , llacllac To carry. Apachini, marccani , astani Castanets . Sacapa Cat. Misi, oscollo To catch. Chipani, hapini Caul. Acarcana To cause. Cachini Cave. Machay, ramca machay Cavern. Puccru To cease. Tatini Cement. Mutcca, llanccac alpa Ceremony (to perform a). Acnani (things belonging to). Acna-cuna Certainly. Checalanmi, puni To chew. Castuni, ccamuni To chew coca. Acllini, chachani To chew maize for chicha. Mochini Chicha. Acca Chief. Curaca, apu Chilblain. Tanapa Chimney. Huasip-pacu Chin. Ccacci, suncca Chinchona tree. Quina-quina, calisaya, chahuarguera , cuchiccara, etc. To chirp. Chiu-chiuñi To choke. Sipini C To choose. Acllani, chiclluni , Calabash. pallani Ancara, sapallu, mathe Cinder. Sansa To call. Ccaparini Circle. Muyuc Citizen. Llactayoc Calf of the leg. Machica Candid. Hahua-soncco City. Llacta Cane. Pintoc, quincha Clay. Mitu Clay used for cement. LlanccacCap. Chucca Capital city. Ccapac-llacta alpa Capsicum. Uchu Clean. Chuya, llullpac Capsule. Mucmu To clean. Llumpani, pichani To caress. Mayhuani, chimuni Clear. Chirau

ENGLISH -QUICHUA DICTIONARY . To climb. Lloccani Cloak. Yacolla , pillaca Clod. Casma , champa To close a bag with strings . Secconi Cloth. Pachha, ahua, auasca, ccompi Cloud. Puyu Clover. Llayu Club. Macana, rihuy Cobweb. Uru-llican Cock. Hualpa, atahualpa Cockroach. Cucaracha Cold. Chiri To collect. Tantani Colonist. Mitmac Colours . Llimpi-cuna Comb. ñaccha To comb. ñacchacuni Comb for a loom. Ccullu-cana To come . Hamuni Comet. Accochinchay Companion. Masi Compassion. Ccuyapayay, huacchay-cuyay To complete. Atillchani Concerning. Hahua-manta Condor. Cuntur Confession. Chataycuycay Confluence of two rivers. Mayutincu Connexion . Sahuay To conquer. Atipani Constant. Huc -sonccolla To consult. Cunancuni To consume. Mullpani Content . Allicay To contradict. Ayñicuni Convent. Aclla -huasi To cook. Huayccuni, apini, yanuni To cook maize. Muttini Cook. Huayccuc

199

Cooked herbs. Haucha To cool. Huapsini Copper. Anta Coral. Puca- mullu Corner. Ceuchu Corpse. Ayap-uman To correct. Huanani Cotton. Utcu Cotton cloth. Pachha Cough. Cus, uhu Cough (whooping.) Sipicu-cus Councillor. Cunac Council. Camachinacuy To counsel. Cunani, simictacconi To count. Huattucupuni , yupani Court. Cancha Courtyard. Raccay Cousin. Cichpa Cousin (second) . Caylla To cover. Lluttani, quipani, harcaycuni, ppampani To cover with an awning. Carpani To cover a fire with ashes. Collini, ccollinini Coward. Llaclla Cradle. Quirau To create. Camani Creator. Camac, hualpac Creator of the world. Pachacamac Creation. Camasca Cricket. Chillicutu Crime. Tapia- hucha Crippled . Suchu To cross over. Chimpani, chimpachini Crow. Chuanquiri, rinaui Crowd. Tanta Crown. Llautu, mascapaycha Cruel. Chahua

200

ENGLISH- QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

To defend. Amachani Deformed. Chocta To delay. Tiyani, unani Delicate. Llañu, cullac To desire. Pitiuni Devil. Supay Dew. Sulla , ypu Diamond. Quespi-rumi Dice (see Games) To die. Ayayani, huañuni Difficult. Sasa To dig. Allani, alpini , aspini To dig round a tree. Muccani To diminish . Yauyani Diminutive. Chusu Dimness. Ccoyru Dinner. Micuna Dirt. Uecca D Dirty. Llequi, milla, chiti Dance. Arihuay, ccachua, tusuy To discover . Ricurini Dish. Carasu, mecca Dance (masked) . Aranya To dance. Huayñuni Dish (silver) . Canipu Daughter. Ususi, huarmi-hua- Dishevelled . Chasca hua To dislike. Mahiri Daughter-in-law . Ccachun Dispute. Anyay Distaff. Calla Dawn. Ramca-ramca-pacha Distant. Caru To dawn. Paccarini Day. Punchau To distribute. Achurani, ayDaybefore yesterday. Ccanimpa puni To disturb. Tacurini Dead. Aya, huañusca To divide. Suyuni Deaf. Uppa, roccto Death. Huañuy To be divided from. Anchuchini To divine. Achini Debt. Manu Divorced . Uesque Deceit. Mucmi To deceive. Yticllani To do. Rurani Doctor. Alli-yachic December. Raymi To declare. Sutinchani Dog. Allco Decree. Hatun - rimuy Dog without hair. Calatu Deed. Ruray Door. Puncu Deep. Huccu Dormitory. Mosccona To be in doubt. Thunquini Deep place. Ura Doubtless . Checapunun Deer. Taruca Defences. Harccasca Dove. Urpi, ccullcu, quitu

To cry out. Ancayllini, cca- | parini Crystal. Quespi Cup. Ccaca, upiana, puyñu, queru Cup made of silver. Aquilla Cupboard. Churana To cure. Hampini Curly. Ccaspa chuccha , ccupa To curl . Ccupayachini Current . Mayup -puriquen To curse . ñaccani To cut. Cuchuni, yquini, rutuni To cut up. Mancuni To cut by the root. Ccapchani To cut off. Chaprani, huancuni To cut off the ears. Hualuni

ENGLISH -QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Down. Ullpu To doze. Musccani To drag. Ayssani Dream. Ati, mosccoy, ramca To dress. Pachhallicuni To dress gaily. Acnapu -llicuni Well dressed. Alli-chaca To drink. Upiani To drink a health. Chumani, ancosani Drop . Sutu To drop. Munquini, sutuni Drum. Huancar To get drunk. Machani Dry. Chaqui To dry in the sun. Ccochani Duck. ñuñuma, tacama Dumb. Amu Dung. Huanu, aca, ucha Dust. Сcosñi-alpa To dust clothes . Chachani Duty. Hinapac Dwarf. Umutu To dye. Tullpuni Dysentery. Yana-hispa

201

Egg. Runtu Egg of a louse. Chia Egret. Uaccu Eight. Pussac Either. Cayri Elbow. Cochuch Eldest son. Curac Elegy. Harahui (yaravi) Eleven. Chunca-hucniyoc To emasculate. Corani Embrace. Macalli Emerald. Umiña, ccomer-rumi Empire. Ceapacay Empire of the Yncas. Ttahuantin-suyu Empty. Churac To empty. Tallini Enclosure. Cancha To encounter. Tincuni End. Puchu Enemy. Aucca, hayu To engender. Yumani To enjoy. Chamani To be enough. Camallanmi To entangle. Ramcuni Entirely. Chichincama E Envy. Chiquicuy Each. Yncca Equal . Ccusca, pacta, pitu Eagle. Anca, ahuancana, lle- Equally. Huaccilla cama Equinox (vernal) . Mosoc-nina Ear. Rincri (autumnal). Situa-raymi Ear of maize. Chocclla To escape. Llutquini, ayquini Earring. Pacu To evaporate. Huapsini Even. Rac Early. Pachallampi Earth. Alpa, ppacha Evening. Sipi Earthquake. Ceunununan Everlasting happiness . Uiñaychamay Easily. Tumpalla Evergreen. Uiñay-huayna East. Yntip llocismunan To examine. Taripani Easy. Mana-sasa To exceed. Yallini To eat. Micuni Excellent. Ccollanan Eaves of a roof. Ccatana To exchange. Rantini Echo. Yachapac cacca To excuse. Amachicani Eclipse. Yntip huañu

202

ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

To execute. Huarccuni Execution (place of) . Arahua, huarccuna Exile. Carunchacuchiy Experience. Poccusca, soncconcay Eye. ñaui Eyeball. Ruru, pichui Eyelashes. Pullurqui Eyebrows. Quechispa

Fetters. Pitcca Fever (intermittent). ChayaAntipucc-rupay-onccoy. onccoy, chuchu Fife. Haychay To fight. Macanacuni, auccani To fill. Llacmani, uinani Fillet. Uincha Fillip. Tincay Filth. Aca Filthy. Milla F Finally. Cana Finch. Tuya Face . Ricchay, uya To find. Tarini To faint. Yuyap - ppitini Falcon. Huaman Fine. Llañu, llaplla To fall. Urmani Finger. Ruccana To finish . Puchucani To fall (ripe maize) . Socrani To fall (a wall ) . Tunini To finish (work) . Pallhuani False. Yscay- soncco , puru Fire. Nina To set on fire. Ccanani Family. Ayllu Farm . Chacra Fireplace. Cconcha Far off. Caru Fish. Challhua Fast. Caci Fish-hook. Pinta, yaurina To fasten. Rattani Fist. Ccollota , chocmi Fat. Raccu To fit. Yaucuni Father. Yaya, tayta Five. Pichca Father-in-law. Quihuachi To fix. Tacyani Fatigue. Sayccuy , llamcachiy Flamingo. Parihuana To flatter. Hauini Fawn. Pacucha Fear. Manchay To flay. Llucchuni, ccarachini To fear. Manchani Flea. Piqui Feather. Puhura, patpa Fledgling. Mallccu To flee. Mitticani, ayquini February. Hatun- poccoy To feed. Micuchini Flesh. Aycha To feed by hand . Umini Flight. Aquec To feel. Cullani To flog. Asutini, uipiyani Female. China Flour. Haccu To flow. Pacchani To ferment . Casnini Fermented liquor. Acca, asuha Flower. Ttica, sisa, ynquill Fern. Racci- racci, calahuala To flower. Aynani Ferret. Siqui Flowering time. Paucar-huaray Fertile land. Cama-alpa Flowery meadow. Paucar To fetch. Apamuni Flute. Chayna, pincullu

ENGLISH- QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

To fly. Pahuani Foam. Uira, Posscco To fold. Sippuni Caticuni, ccatini, To follow. yaccani Food . Micuy Fool. Ccamchu Foolish. Panra Foot. Chaqui To be foot sore. Ccallccani For. Raycu Force. Callpa Forehead. Mati Foreigner. Caru-runa Forest. Hachasapa-pampa To forget. Cconcani Fortifications . Harccasca To fortify. Sinchihani Fortress. Pucara Fortunate. Samiyoc, cusi-samiyoc Fortune. Cusi , sami To found (a town) . Llactachani Fountain. Paccha Four. Ttahua Fowl. Hualpa Fowl (wild) . Hachap- hualpa Fox. Atoc, anas Frame (to sleep on). Ccahulto To freeze. Chirayani Fresh. Huaylla, hucu Fringe. Llautu, chichilla, chimpu, puhullu Frog. Ampatu , ccayru From. Manta Frost. Ccasay Froth. Llocllo, recca Frozen. Ccasasco Fruit. Ruru, hachap-rurun Fruit garden. Muya Fuel. Llamta, ccahua, yamta Fugitive. Ayquey Full. Hunta, chichu

203

Funnel . Hillpuna Furnaces. Huayra-cuna Furrow. Hachu G Gag. Chipa Games of dice. Huayru with balls. Huayru china of chance. Atau of draughts . Cculli-chuncana of hazard. Chuncay-cuna of bat and ball. Chuncay of riddles. Huattucay of hopscotch. Cachorro Garden. Muya Garden stuff. Yuyu To gargle. Osyani Garland. Pillu, yuquill -pillu Garment. Ancallu To gather (maize). Aymarani To gather (flowers). Picani Gathering. Patta General . Hatun -apu To be generous. Ancha-cconi Genial. Chirau To get. Hurcuni, surcuni To gild. Ccorinchani Gilt. Ccorinchasca Gimlet. Hutccuna Girdle. Huccau Girl . Pasña, tasqui, sipas Girl old enough to marry. Tacya-sipas To give. Cconi Glass. Quespi Glory. Cusi, sami Gluttonous. Hillu Gluttony. Amipayapacay To gnash the teeth. Ccatatani To gnaw. Huttuni, ccutcuni, socsini To go. Rini

204

ENGLISH - QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

To go forth. Llocsini God. Ynti, pachacamac, con Gold. Ccori Gold-dust. Chicchi -ccori Good. Alli Goodness. Allicay To do good. Allin-chani Goose. Huallata, huachua Gourd . Capallu Governor. Camachic Government . Camachay Grain. Chicchi Granadilla. Tintin Granary. Pirhua, ccollca Grand. Ccapac Grandchild . Hahuay Grandfather. Machu Grandmother. Paya Grass. Ychu, ccachu Grasshopper. Tian-tian Gravel. Silla Grease. Uira To grease. Hauini Great. Hatun Great-grandchild. Huillca ChuGreat-great-grandchild. pullu Great-grandfather. Machupa yaya, apusquipya MaGreat-great-grandfather. chuypa machi, apusquipayan Green. Ccomer, huaylla Grey. Ccica To grind. Cutani, ccachap-topani, cconani, haccuchini Grindstone. Cconana To groan. Hauchini Groin. Pahacca To grow. Hatunyani To grumble. Aynini To guard. Huacaychani To guess. Huattuni Guest. Ccorpa

Guide. Pusac To guide. Pusani, ñauparini Guinea pig. Ccoy Guitar . Tinya Gull. Quellua Gum. Úequen Gums. Quiru-aycha, llucchuaycha Gutter. Uitcu H Hail. Chicchi Hair. Chuccha Hair of the beard . Sapra Hair (plaited). Simpa Hair (grey) . Socco Half. Checcta, chulla, patma Halo round the sun . Chimpu Halter. Huatana Hammer. Tacana To hammer. Tacani Hand. Maqui Hand (right). Paña Hand (left). Lloque Handful . Mayttu To handle. Llamccani Handsome. Acnapuy, alliricchac Hard. Anac, murucha, nanac To do harm. Huaccllini Harvest. Hutun pacha, aymuray, callchay To hatch. Occlani To hate. Checnini To hate mortally. Canillani Hawk. Huaman, huaco, coraquenque, alcamari He. Pay Head. Uma Headlong. Ychuna Headsman. Naccac To heal. Alli-ani Health. Allillcay

ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY . To heap up. Llecmani, suntuni, arsuni Heap. Ccoto, chuncu Heap of corn. Arsu To hear. Uyarini Heart. Soncco Hearth. Cconcha Heat. Rupay Heaven . Hanac - pacha Heir. Yncap sapay churin Hell. Huccu pacha Help. Yanapay To help. Haumani, Tiapayani, yanapani Here. Cayman, cayllapi, chayman, suchi To hiccough. Cahuani To hide. Chincani , pacani Hill. Pata To hinder. Harccani To hire. Minccani Hive. Huanccayru -huasi Hoarse. Chacca Hood. ñañasca Hoeing. Ccaray To hold. Hatallini, tipani Hole. Hutccu Hole in the ground. Aspi, alpiy Hollow. Churac Honey. Toctu Honeycomb. Llachihuana, Acahuara, pintuna Honour. Sumay To honour . Apuchani Hook. Hacchuna Hook (fish). Yaurina Hope. Suyay Hopscotch. Cachorro Horn. Huacra Hornet. Taucayllu Hospitable. Ccorpachac-soncco Hospitality. Ccorpachay House. Huasi

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How. Ymaynam To hum. Chusñini Humble . Ullpuycac Humming bird. Ccenti Hump. Ccumu Hundred. Pachac Hunger. Yarcca Hunt. Chacu To hurry. Utcani To hurt. Nanani Husband. Cosa

I I. ñoca Ice. Ccasa Icicle. Chulluncuy Ignorant. Mana-yachac To be ill. Oncconi Illness. Onccoy Illustrious. Ccapac To importune. Mañacuni Increase. Uiñay, mirachisca To increase. Mirani, achcaachcani, hatunyani, uiñani India-rubber tree. Cauchuc Inn. Tampu Innocent. Anta-quiru-sonccoyoc Innumerable. Millay-achca To insult. Allcochani Intelligent man. Hamu-runa Iron. Ccellay, quellay Irrigation. Chacchuy To irrigate. Ccarpani, chacchuni Island. Churu, huatta. Itch among llamas. Ccaracha J Jaguar. Chinca, uturuncu January. Huchuy-poccoy Jar. Macma To join. Huñuni, maccani, tantani Joint. Mocco

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ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Joy. Cusi, chamay To be joyful. Cusicuni Judge. Apu Jug. Ccauchi, chusna July. Anta-asitua Junction of rivers. Tincu To jumble. Satini June. Yntip-raymi, cusquicraymi K To kick. Haytani To kill. Hhinani, huañuchini Kind. Llampu Kindness. Llampucay King. Ynca Kiss. Muchay To kiss. Muchani Knee. Cconcor Knife. Tumi, cuchuna To know. Yachani To know by sight. Recsini L Labour. Llamcay Labourer. Allapac Lad. Macta To be laden. Aparicuni Lady. Palla Lake. Ccocha Lamb. Uña Lame. Hancca Lance. Chuqui Lancet. Sircana Land . Alpa (dry) . Sequa (fertile). Cama-alpa (waste). Ccallpallaracalpa . (irrigated) Ccarpasca (fallow). Alpa-ccochca (stony). Ceusqui- alpa (dusty). Hapu

Landmark. Sayhua Lap. Quinchu Large. ñanac Lass. Pasna Lasso. Ccara-huasca, toclla Late. Chisi To laugh. Asini Laughter. Asiy Laundry. Mayllay Law. Camachisca To lay an egg. Chiuchiyani Lazy. Quella, ccaci, sampa Lead . Titi Leaf. Rapi, hachap-rapin, pancca (dried). Hacchu To lean on one side. Ticpani To leap. Pihinquini To learn. Yachacuni Learned. Amauta To leave off. Ccolluni To leave behind. Haquini Left hand. Lloque Leg. Chanca Sauca-sauca hahuLegends. aricuna Lens. Chipana Liberal. Titu To liberate. Quespuni Lichen. Llaccu Lie. Llulla To lie down. Sirini Lieutenant. Apupantin Light. Ccanchi, nina To light. Ninacta, puhucuni Lightly. Huayralla It lightens. Thucñin Lightning. Llippic, Iliu-lliu, yllapac Lime. Yscu, llipta Limpid. Chuya Line. Seque Lineage . Ayllu

ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY . Lion. Puma Lip (upper). Uirpa Lip (under). Sirpi Liquor. Hilli Little. Aslla, pisi, huallca, huchuy To live. Causani Lively. Ccolli Liver. Cucupi Lizard. Ccarayhua Llama. Llama Load. Apana, chacnana Load (well fastened on). Chatana To load a beast. Chacnani To loathe. Amini Long. Suni To look back. Cutiri Loom. Ahuana Loose. Llaplla To loosen. Pascani To lop. Raumani To lop off. Ccoroni Lord. Apu. To lose. Chincachini Lost. Mascana Lower. Hurin Louse. Acta, usa, hamacu To louse. Usacuni To love. Munani, huaylluni, cuyani Love. Munay, munana, huaylluy Lover. Munac, huaylluc Lucky. Atau-sapa Lupin. Tarui Lute. Huayllaca

M Mace. Champi Mad. Soncconac To go mad. Muspahani To be mad. Utini

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Maggot. Curu Magnanimous. Titu Maiden. Ccosanac, sipas, tasqui Maize. Sara (stalk) . Uiru (green leaves of). Llacea (beard of). Acchallcu (half-green stalks) . Ccauni (dry stalks) . Challi, chillpi (ear of) . Chocclla (dry ear of) . Murir (leaves covering ear). Pancca (flower of) . Parhuay (small maize at the end of the ear). Acucchi (double ear of) . Mamasara (early). Michcca (white). Capia (reddish). Culli-sara (black). Hatupa (small sweet). Chullpi (attackedbya grub) . Ccutcu-sapa (toasted). Hamcca, ccaspa, machca, camcha (half-toasted). Harui (roasted). Cherchi (toasted and afterwards frozen). Chochoca (boiled). Mutti, sanccu (part which has been most toasted). Paru-sara (mashed). Hipi, muccu (to disengrain) . Muchahani (to disengrain by dropping it from a height) . Suruni Male. Urcu Man. Ccari, runa Mandate. Ccamachisca Manly. Runap, ccari -soncco

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ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Manner. Hamu Mantle. Lliclla, ñañaca (black). Anacu (for the head) . Ynaca, chucupa Manufactory. Llamcachic Manure. Huanu (guano) Many. Achca March. Paccari-huañuy Market. Ccatu Marriage. Huarmiyacuy To marry. Huarmicuni Married woman. Ccosayoc, huarmiyoc Marrow. Chillina May. Aymuray Meadow. Huaylla- pampa To measure. Topuni To measure with the hand. Ccapani Measure (about a cubit). Sicya Measure for corn. Poccha, ccullu Measure for land . Topu Meat. Aycha (roast). Cancasca aycha (dried) . Charqui (minced). Hollque (cold. ) Panccu Medicine. Hampi To meditate. Yuyacuni Meditation. Rimanacupuy To meet. Tincuni Memory. Yuyay, soncco-hapic Messenger. Chasqui, cacha Middle. Chaupi Mill. Ccacha-rumi Miller. Haccuc Million. Hunu Miracle. Mana-ricusac Mirror. Rirpu Misfortune. Chiqui To miss. Alcani

To mistake. Ccormani, pantani To mix. Maccani, michuni, mirccani,tincuchini , chacruni, tacuni Mode. Hamu Monkey. Cusillu Month . Quilla Moon. Quilla Moonshine. Pacsa More. Asuan Morning. Paccari Mother. Mama Mother-in-law. Aque Mother-in-law of the husband. Quisma Mountain. Urccu To mourn. Anchini, hanchini, huaccani Mourning. Puru-ccayan Mouth. Simi To move. Cuyuni Mud. Mitu, chara, turu, lenqui To multiply. Mirani Mummy. Malqui To munch. Mamullani Murder. Huañuchiy Murderer. Runa-hhinac To murmur. Hahuanchani, sipsicani Mushroom. Ccallampa Music . Taqui To mutter. Yaunani N Nail. Champi Nail. Sillu Naked. Llatan Name. Suti To name. Sutini Narrow. Quichqui, saytti Nation. Hatun-ayllu Navel. Cuzco Near. Ccaylla, ni, sispa

ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Neck. Cunca, muchu Necklace. Huallcca Needle. Siracuna Neighbour. Huasi-masiy Nephew. Concha, mulla Nerve. Ancu Nest. Quessa, tapa Net. Llica, lluccu, cullancha Netted . Chasca Nettle. Ytapallu New. Mosoc, huamac To nibble. Chapchani Niece. Concha, mulla Night. Tuta Nine. Yscun Nippers. Chipa No. Manan, ama Noblemen. Auqui-cuna Noise. Chachua, cumcumñiy To make a noise. Rocyani To talk nonsense. Muspahani Noon. Chaupi-punchau Nose. Sencca Not. Manan, Ama Not yet. Amarac To give notice. Uillamuni November. Aya-marca, ccapac raymi Now. Cunan, chayraccmi, ña 0 To obey. Uyani Oblivion. Cconcay Observatory. Ccahuana Open. Hanyalli Officer. Camayoc Ointment. Hauina Old. Machu, maucca Old man. Ruccu, machu Old woman. Paya Omen. Ati Omen (evil). Tapia

209

Once. Huc-mitta, chulla-mitta One. Huc Only. Sapay To open. Quichani To open (flowers). Panchini Or. Cayri Oracle. Rimac Orphan. Haquisca-huahua Ostrich. Suri Other side. Chimpa Ounce. Choque-chimca Outside. Hahua Oven. Huattiyana To overturn. Cutini Owl. Chusec, tucu

Р Pain. Nanay Paint. Ccaecca, hauicuna To pair. Tinquini Palace. Yncap-huasi Palm tree. Chonta, cuyoll, ccamonea, sayal, chinilla, etc. Palm of the hand. Maquiратра, ссара To pant. Cahuani Parrot. Uritu, ahua Part. Asni Partition. Pitita Partridge. Yutu Parturition. Huachay Pasture. Haylla-pampa, Coracora, ccachu-ccachu To patch. Rattani Paunch . Uspun To pave. Callani, Callquini To pay. Manumantani Peccary. Sintiru, ytuchi To peck. Chapchani Pelican. Tuyuya, yucu Perch. Sicuna Perfect. Camascu Perfectly. Checamanta Р

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ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Perfume. Misqui-asnac To persuade. Rimchichini Pestilence. Hatun-onccoy Petition . Mañay Petticoat. Acsu Phantasm. Llacsac Pick-axe. Checcana To pick leaves. Cauchani Picturesque. Ccahuay-cama Pig. Cuchi Pigeon. Ccoctuhuay To pillage. Llasamuni Pillow. Sauna. Pin. Tipa, topu, tipque Pine apple. Achupalla Pipe. Antara, pichu Place. Cancha In place of. Pachallan Plain. Pampa Plait. Simpa To plait. Simpani Plant. Mallqui, yura Plaster. Pachacha To plaster. Llusini Plate (wooden). Mecca (large). Carasu (silver). Canipu To play. Pucllani Pleasant. Ccapa To be pleased. Ccochuni Pleasure. Ccochuy Taclla, chacmana, Plough. yapuna To plough. yapuni Ploughed. Uysu Ploughing (first) . Ccochcani To pluck. Llipini Plummet. Huypa To plunge. Challuycuni Pod. Mutmu Poem. Huanca Point. ñauchi Poison. Miu

Poker. Ttopina Pole. Caspi Pole for roofing. Chaclla To polish. Lluncuni Polluted. Chanca Poor. Huaccha, quesa Pot. Manca Pot (small). Chamillcu Pot (large) . Chauchi Potato. Acsu Potato (sweet). Apichu Potato (frozen) . Chuñu To pour. Humipuani To pour out. Hillpuni, tallani Power. Quea Powerful. Atipac Premature . Sullu To prepare. Aticllani, camarini Presence. ñaucci Presently. Chayca To press. Llapini, ccapini Pretty. Acnapuy Price. Chani To prick with a pin. Ttipani Priest. Umu Priest (High) . Huillac umu Prince. Titu (married) . Atauchi (unmarried ). Auqui Princess (married) . Palla (unmarried). ñusta Prison. Huatay-huasi Prisoner. Huatasca Prisoner of war. Piñas To prohibit. Amañi Promise. Simi-ñisca To prophesy. Huattuni Proud. Apu-apulla, soncco -sapa To provide. Tituni Province. Suyu Prudent. Amauta To prune. Raumani Pruned tree. Chaprasca

ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY. Pudding of maize. Api of ocas. Chamca, achaccha of quinua. Pisque To pull down. Ypini To pull off forcibly. Chutquini Pulse. Sirca-tice- tice-ñiyñin Pumpkin, Capallu Purveyor. Ccaccachic To push. Tancani Pustule. Mullcu To put. Churani To put a pot on the fire. Churpuni Q Quail. Chuy To quarrel. Anyani Quarry. Rumi- checcac To quarry stones. Checcani Queen. Ccoya, mamachic Quickly. Tumpalla Quiet. Chiñiy To be quiet. Chiñini Quinua (green leaves of). Lliccha

R Rags. Llachapa Ragged. Raccayhuallcca, sacsa, thanta Rain. Para, tamya (light). You To raise. Hucarini, hatarini To raise from the ground. Hoccarini To rake. Pacpani Rat. Huccucha Ravine . Huayccu, puhuyuncu Raw. Chakua , hanccu Rays of the sun. Yntip-huachin To reach out for anything . Haypuani To read (quipus). Quipumanta huattucupuni

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Really. Checapacmi To reap. Callchani Recruit. Huamac-auccac-runa Red. Puca, paco Reddish brown. Colli (culli) To reduce. Hiuicani Reed. Chiracu To reel wool. Millhuayni To reel up thread. Ayttini , puchcani To reel up into a ball. Cururani To refer. Uillani Aylluy huauque, Relation. Ayllu-runa, yahuar-masi To remain. Quepani Remedy. Colla, hampina To remember. Ricchani, yuyani To rend. Tupani To reply. Ccutipani Repose. Haucay To resound. Chusñini Resplendent. Tupac To rest. Samani Rest. Samay, haucay To rest on the road. Čcaynacuni To be restless. Chicmini To return. Chayapuni To reward. Curacchani Rib . Huacta Rich. Ccapac Ridge. Huachu, Umacha To ridicule. Saucani Right hand. Рaña Ring. Siui Ripe . Poccusca To ripen. Poccuni, halimani Rival. Atillcha River. Mayu Road. ñan To roast. Cancani Roast meat. Cancasca aycha To rob. Huayccani , yticani To be robbed. Suachicuni

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ENGLISH -QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Robe. Ccoysu Rock. Cacca Rocky ground. Salla Roof. Ccatasca To roof. Ccatani, chacllani Root. Sapi, ynchic, hachappichin Roots and stump. Chaucha Rope. Huascar, mullaypa, quisi To rot. Ysmuni Round. Suntur, rumpu, muyuc To go round. Muyuni Row. Chachua Royal. Tupac Royal family. Ccapac-ayllu Rubbish. Ccopa Rude. Panra Rump. Cuchuch, chupa To rumple. Ccaconi To run. Huayracachini, pahuani Rush. Chiracu, churu- mayu Rust. Llampi, aca, ccorhuar

To scarify. Sisini To scatter. Chequini, hichani, taccani Sceptre. Tupa-yanti School. Yacha-huasi To scrape. Quisuni Scraper. Acatanccu To scratch. Alpini, haspini, sillcuni, uccini To scrub. Ccaconi Sea. Mama- ccocha Sea shore. Cachi-casa Seal . Asuca To search. Mascani To season. Huptani Seat. Tiana Secret. Paca To see. Ricuni To seek. Mañani To seize. Hapini, huatani Seldom. Mayñillampi Sensitive. Cullac Sentry. Ccahuac, chapa, paccariS tiyapayac Sack. Cutama September. Situa Sepulchre. Huaca, tola Sacred. Huaca, huilca To sacrifice. Arpani Serpent. Machaccuay, amaru LlacsacSad. Llaqui (poisonous). cattari To be sad. Llaquini, putini Acana-sañu, yana, Salt. Cachi Servant. ccaramuc Saltpetre. Ccollpa, succa Salutation. Napay To serve at table. ccaramuni To salute. Napani To set apart. Pallani Same. Quiqui, ñequen, payqui- Seven. Ccanchiz To sew. Sirani quin Sand. Acco, ttiu Shade. Llantu, achihua Sandal. Usuta To shake. Chaprini Sash. Chucru Sharp. Cachca, satca To say. ñini To shear. Llipini, rutuchicuni Scales. Aysana Shed. Ccarpa Scales of fish. Challhuap ccara- Shell. Churu, mullu, pututu chan Shepherd. Michec Shield. Huallcanca, pullcanca Scarcely. ñacca, yacca-mana

ENGLISH - QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

To shine. Llippini, chipipini, yllani Shirt. Ucuncha To shiver. Maypuini Shoe. Usuta To shoot. Huachini Short. Tacsa Shoulder. Huasa, ricra Shower. Chirapa, chirina Shrimp . Yucra (dried). Amucca Shroud. Aya-huantu To shut. Harcaycuni, uichccani To shut up cattle. Ccaycuni Sickle. Ccorana Side. Chiru, hacta Sieve. Suysuna Sight. Ricuy, ccahuana, pinchi Signal. Sanampa, unancha Silence. Chiñiy To be silent. Upallani Silent. Amu Silver. Collqui Simplicity. Checa-sonccocay Sin. Hucha, ccamay To sin. Huchallicuni, ccamani Singer. Harahuec To sing. Harahuini, hayllini, ñarani, taquini To sink. Chulluy-cuni Sister. Naña, pana Sister-in-law. Ypa, ccachumiy To sit. Tiani Six. Socta Skin. Ccara To skin. Llucchuni Skirts. Meccllay Slack . Piqui To sleep. Рuñuni Sleep. Puñuy Sleeve. Mapa Slice. Yapa Sling. Huicopa, huaraca

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| To slip. Lluchcani To slobber. Llaussani Snake. Amaru (venomous). Catari Small. Aslla , huchuy To smell. Mutquini To smell sweet. Muccani Smoke . Ccosni To smoulder. Hapuni Snare. Chipa- curcu , pupa To sneeze. Achhini To snore. Ccorcuni Snow. Rassu , riti So. Chica, Hina, ymana Soap. Tacsana Soft. Llampu, ñucnu Soldier. Auccac Sole of the foot. Chaqui-pampa To solicit contributions. Ccaccachini Solstitial pillars. Succanca Some. Aspas, huaquin Sometimes. Mayñimpi, ña nispa, huacci-mitta Son. Churi, ccari-huahua Son- in-law. Catay Song. Huaylli, llapi, yaravi, taquiy, haylli Soon. Hayri, utca Sorceress. Ccauchu To practise sorcery. Ccauchuni Soot. Quechimcha Soup. Hilli Sour. Puchcu Source of a river. Mayu-purina Sovereign. Ynca, ccapac-ynca, sapay-ynca To sow. Tarpuni To sow on fresh land. Arimsani Spade. Llampa Span. Yuccu Spark. Ccachachacha, checcecnina

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ENGLISH -QUICHUA DICTIONARY . . Sparrow. Paria To stir up. Ccayhiuni Spawn. Llullucha Stone. Rumi To stop. Sayaycuni, tañini Speech. Rimay To speak. Rimani To stop up. Ccacnani Store house. Pirhua, coptra To spend. Atichini Spider. Uru, apasanca, cusi-cusi To strain. Suysuni Stranger. Hahua-runa To spill. Mayhuini, hichani Spindle. Puchca Straw. Huantar Spinster. Huarminac Steam. Huraca, paccha (subterranean). Pinqui Spirit. Nunu, aychannac To spit. Actini, tocani To strengthen. Callpanchani To stretch . Manttani , ayssani Splinters. Ccullu-cuna To stride. Ttatquini To split. Racrani To strike. Sacmani Spoon. Uisella Spot. Muru To strip. Llatanacuni To spread out straw for mixing Strong. Sinchi, ccali with bricks. Sicnini Stubble. Puruma To stumble. Mitccani, tampini Spring. Puquio Spring (season). Chirau-pacha, To subject. Runachani Such. Chica panchin-tuctu To sprout. Chichini, pocchini, To suck. Chunccani, ñupchuni puhutuni To suckle . ñuñuni Spud. Raucana To suffer. Alparini, muccini, muchuni Spy. Ccahuac, ccaunihua Sulphur. Sallma-rumi, sillina To squander. Ccaruni Summer. Rupay-mitta, humpiySquare. Ttahua- ccuchu pacha To squeeze. Llapini, ccapini Stab. Haptay Sun. Ynti, punchau, rupay Staircase. Chacana To supply provisions. Acacuni, ccaccacuni Stalactite. Copahira "To stammer. Aclluni Surname. Runa-suti To surround. Muyuquini, yntuni To stamp. Hustuni, tuscuni To stand. Sayani To swaddle up a child. Hualtuni To swallow. Millpuni Star. Ccoyllur Star (morning). Chasca-ccoyllur Sweat. Humpi, toque To startle. Mancharcuchini To sweat. Humpini, chillillillini Sweet. ñucnu Stature. Sayay Sweet. Misqui Steam . Hipya To sweeten. Misquichini Stem. Quira To swell. Punquini Step . Pata Sterile. Ccallpa To swim. Huaytani Stick. Tauna (fish) . Pilluini To sting. Yumaycuni

ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

T Tadpole. Ococco Tail. Cuchuch, chupa Tailor. Siray-camayoc Take ! Ca ! To take . Hurcuni To take away. Quechuni Tale. Sauca-sauca-hahuaricuna Tank. Tacarpu Tapir. Anta, ahuara Tassel. Puhullu, puyllu Taste. Mallinà To taste. Mallini, Llachuani Tavern. Tampu, acca-huasi To teach. Yachachini Tear. Ueque To tear. Sacsani To tell stories. Hahuarini Temple. Yntip-huasi, ccoricancha To tempt. Huattecani Temptation. Huattecay Ten. Chunca Tender. Ccolla Tent. Ccarpa Terraced gardens. Andenes Terrible. Manchana To tether. Purhuani That. Chacay Thatch. Aycura Theft. Suay Then. Chaypacha, pachan Therefore. Chay-raycu Thick. Pipu, racca Thief. Sua, apapu Thigh. Machi, chanca Thiň. Llacca , llaplla To think. Yuyani Thirst. Chaquiy To be thirsty. Ununayani This. Cay, chay Thorn. Casa, quiscca Thought. Yuyana

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Thousand. Huaranca Thread . Ccayta . (twisted twice). Capuna (twisted). Caupusca, ccuyuyca (fine). ñañu , pita (woven against the woof) . Mini To thread. Saruni Three. Quimsa Throne. Tiana To throw. Choccani To throw stones on one side when ploughing. Rapani Thumb. Mama ruccana Thunder. Yllapa, ccacñiy, cumcumñiy, ccuhuñin Thunderstorm . Ccaccaccahay, sallallalla To thunder. Ccuhuñini It thunders. Cacim, cunununan To tickle. Ccullachini, siccici chini To tighten. Mattini, chutani, ñitini To tighten the frame in weaving. Ruquini Tile. Sañu Timber. Ccullu Timbrels. Chillchiles Time. Pacha, mitta Tin. Chayantanca To tire. Sayccuni Toad. Hampatu Toasted maize. Machca, camcha, ccaspa Tobacco . Sayri Tomb. Aya-huasi, huaca Tomorrow. Ccaya Tongue. Ccallu Top. Hanan . On the top of. Hahua-llapi Top of a house. Pincu

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ENGLISH- QUICHUA DICTIONARY.

Tooth. Quiru (double). Meran- quiru (eye). Huacsa To be toothless. Hallmuni Torch. P-ancuncu Torquoise. Ancas-rumi, sorochi Torrent. Lloclla To touch. Llanccani Towards. Nec, quiti Tower. Marca Town. Llacta Traitor. Aucca To trample. Taycuni To transplant. Seccani Trap. Llacchapa, chipa-curcu To travel. ñanta-ricuchini To travel post. Chasquipurini Traveller. Puric Treasure. Marca -collqui Tree. Hacha , caspi Tree (pruned) Chaprasca Trellice . Arapa To tremble . Chuchucuni, rasnini Tress . Simpa Triangle. Huampar Tribe. Ayllu Trough. Huachu True. Checa, sullul Truffle. Cuchuchu Trumpet. Quepa Trunk. Quira, hachap-cullun Trunk. Puti To try. Yanani Tunic. Uncu Turkey buzzard. Suyuntuy Turn. Mitta To turn out. Ccarcconi, horcconi To turn inside out. Ticrani To turn over. Ticsuni Turtle. Charapa Tusk. Huacsa Twice. Yscay- nequen

Twilight. Sipi Twins. Apantin, chuchu Twin sisters. Uispalla To twist. Cantini To twist thread . Caupuni, ccuyuni To twist a rope. Quehuani Two. Yscay U. Uncle. Caca To understand. Hamutani Understanding. Hamutay Unequal. Chaccu To unite. Hucllachani, cacharini, ccascani Unripe. Ccacha , chahua, hanccu Unjust. Mattu To unload . Tuyucuni To untie. Pascani Up hill. Uichay Upper. Hanac | To upset. Cutini Urn. Sunu Useless. Ccasi V Vagabond . Llactanac Valorous. Ccali Valuable. Chaniyoc To value. Charin- chani Vase. Macas, ppuiñu , punu, ticcu Vase with a long neck. Puruncu Vein. Sirca To venerate. Apuchani Venial sin. Hahua-hucha Verdigrease. Ancas-llimpi Vermilion. Ychma Verse. Huanca Very. Ancha Victory. Atiy

ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY . To view. Ccahuani Vigour. Callpa Vile. Sacra Virgin. Mana-chancasca-huarmi Virgins of the sun. Aclla-cuna Virtue. Allicausay Virtuous. Yupanqui To visit. Ricumuni Voice. Cunca To vomit. Accuni , quepnani W To wait. Suyani Wall. Pirca To walk. Purini To wallow on the ground . Ccochpani To want. Alcani, munani War. Auccay To warble. Huarpini Warm place. Сcoñi Warm valley. Yunca Warmth. Rupay Wart. Ticti To wash. Hupacuni, tacsani, mayllani, upani To wash metal . Aytini Wasp. Huanccayru To waste. Ccaruni Waste land. Ccallpallarac-alpa Water. Unu , yacu Waterfall. Huraca, pauchi, sullu Waterweed. Llachu Waves. Ccochap, pocchiccen Weak. Hayra, callpanac Weal . Ccoyo , mullcu To wean a child. Anucani To weave. Ahuani Weaver. Ahuac Weaving (wooden sword used in) . Comana Weed. Ccoru

217

To weed. Raucari To weigh. Aysani To weigh heavy. Llasani Weight. Huarcu, huatcu Wench. Pasña West. Yntip-yaycunan Wet. Mocca, hocco To wet. Moccani, hoccochini To be wet. Chuychuni What. Yma Whatever. Ymapas Wheel. Tincullpa When. Maypas Where. May Which. Maycan Whichever. Maycanpas Whistle. Cuycuyna, ccuyvi To whistle. Cuycuyni White. Yurac Who. Pi Whoever. Pipas Whore. Pampa- huarmi Why. Yma-raycu Wicked. Acuy Widgeon. Uachua Widow. Yema Widower. Pasu Wife. Huarmi Wild. Tilla Wilderness. Sallca Willow. Ramran Wind. Huayra Window. Ccahuacana-tuco, toco Windy. Huayra-sapa Wing. Patpa, rasca Winter. Ccasay-pacha, Ritimitta Wise. Amauta Witch. Ccauchu With. Huan Within. Ucupi Without. Nac To bear witness . Tumpani

218

ENGLISH-QUICHUA DICTIONARY .

Woman. Huarmi Wood. Ccullu (fire). Llamta, ccahua (dressed). Llacllasca (worm eaten). Timpta Wool. Millhua (cotton). Utcu (twisted). Uysu Word. Simi To work. Llamcani Workman. Allapac World. Ppacha Worm. Curu, ccuyca Worm-eaten wood. Timpta Worthless . Chaninac Worthy. Camanca To wound. Tucsini Wounded. Chocri

Woven cloth. Ahua To wrap. Pintuni Wrinkle. Paspa To wrinkle. Sippuni

Y Yard. Cancha To yawn. Hanyallcachani Year. Huata Yellow. Quellu, ccarhua Yes. Ari Yesterday. Ccayna Yet. Ychacca You. Cam Young. Huaynay-soncco Youngest son. Sullca Youth. Huayna Youthful. Huaynay-soncco

219

LIST OF PLANTS . SCIENTIFIC AND QUICHUA NAMES.

Abatia parviflora, R. P. Taucca Acaena trifida, R. P. Rattay Acostea aculeata, R. P. Ccaymita Egiphila multiflora, R. P. Utcus Agave Americana, Linn. Chuchau Alstræmeria formosissima, R. P. Sumac huayta bracteata, R. P. Pini-pini Amarantus caudatus, Lin. Cuymi Amaryllis Amancaes, R. P. Amancay Ananassa sativa, Lindl. Achupalla Anona Cherimolia, Mill. Chirimoya Arracacha moschata, De Cand. Aracacha Morccu Artemisia .. . ? . Astrocaryum ... ? ... Chaqui-sapa Chonta, Mart. Chonta Huaimi, Mart. Huaimi Attalea princeps, Mart. Motacu Baccharis Incarum, Wedd. Ccanlla, tola. latifolia, Pers. Anchochuta scandens, Pers. Chilca* ferruginea, Pers. Matara prostrata, Pers. Ppacha, taccia obovata, De Cand. Tacya Batatas edulis, Chois. Apichu, cumart * The name Chilca seems to be a generic, rather than a specific name, being given to several Baccharis-like composite plants. + Apichu is the word in Peru, Cumar in Ecuador. It is remarkable that Kumara is also the word for sweet potato in Tahiti, the Fiji Islands, and New Zealand. ( Seemann.)

220

LIST OF PLANTS .

Bactris ciliata, Mart. Chonta Bixa Orellana, Linn. Achiote * Bromelia (see Ananassa) Buddleia coriacea, Remy. Ccolli Incana, R. P. Quisoar diffusa, R. P. Quisoar Caballeria latifolia, R. P. Rucma Cactus Airampo, Haenke. Airampo Calceolaria pulverulenta, R. P. Chachaul salicifolia, R. P. Pachasca trifida, R. P. Tumpu Canna Achira, R. P. ra paniculata, R. P. Achi iridiflora, R. P. Sumac achira Indica, Linn. ? ♪ • · . Capparis Uichaya. Capsicum ? ... Rocota frutescens, Linn. Arnaucho , uchu Cascarilla (all the species), Wedd. Carhua-carhua Ceratostema grandiflora, R. P. Uchi-uchu Cestrum virgatum, R. P. Palqui Chenopodium Quinoa, Willd. Quinoa, ayar Chinchona, Lin. Quina-quina officinalis, Lin . Chahuarguera Calisaya, Wedd. Calisaya Chrysophyllum ferugineum, Steu. Chichimicuna Clarisia biflora, R. P. Piamich Clitoria ? Lin. Racca-sisa Cocos Yatay, Mart. Yatay Conium moschatum, H. et B. Aracacha Cornidia Peruviana, Endl. Rayan. Cucurbita ... ? ... Ancara, sapallu Culcitium canescens, H. et B. Colac Dianthera multiflora, R. P. Calahuala secundifolia, R. P. Puma-cuchin secundiflora, R. P. Pussca Diplothemium Torayllyi, Mart. Torally Embothrium emarginatum, R. P. Catas, picahuay, machinparani monospermum, R. P. Paco-paco

* Achiote is derived from the Aztec word Achiotl. The plant probably did not grow wild where Quichua was spoken.

LIST OF PLANTS.

Erythoxylon Coca, Lin. Coca Eupatorium Chilca, R. P. Chilca glutinosum, Lam . Maticu Euterpe ? ... Chinilla Fuchsia denticulata, R. P. Mullu, ccantu Fucus Antarcticus. Ccocha-yuyu Gentiana Tamitami, Azara. Tami-tami Galinsogia parviflora, R. P. Pacoyuyo Ccorani ? Gaultheria Gimbernatia obovata, R. P. Chunca, hacha Guilielma • • ? ... Sumpallu Gossypium arboreum , Linn. Uttcu Barbadense, Linn. } Hydrocotyle multiflora , R. P. ´Matecllu Inga Tevillei, De Cand. Paccay Muruna ? . Iriartea • deltoidea, R. P. Ccamonea Jatropha Manihot, Lin. Asipa, rumu Justitia cericea, R. P. Chucumpa Krameria triandra, R. P. Mepato, rattaña Lasiandra Fontanesiana, De Cand. Panti-panti Leonia glycycarpha , R. P. Achocon Loranthus grandiflorus, R. P. Hatun mecma Lygodisodea foetida, R. P. Yurac-huaniam Martinezia ensiformis, R. P. Cuyoll. interrupta , R. P. Sin-sin Ccesuara Melastomacea ... ? . ...... Quilla-caspi Mimosa (see Inga) Molina (see Baccharis) Mutisia acuminata , R. P. Chinchin-culma Quina-quina Myrospermum . ? Narcissus Amancaës, R. P. Amancay Nicotiana Tabacum, Linn. Sayri paniculata, Nunnezharia fragrans, R. P. Chuta-salla Orbignya phalerata, Mart. Cusi Oxalis ... ? ... Churccu-churccu tuberosa, Lin. Oca, añus Paltoria ovalis, R. P. Quinti Pancratium Amancaes, Gowl. Amancay Panicum .... ? ... Challi-challi

221

222

LIST OF PLANTS .

Pariphragmos dependens, R. P. Cantu flexuosus, R. P. Ttura uniflorus, R. P. Cantut-ttica Persea gratissima, R. P. Palta Physalis pubescens, R. P. Capuli Pimentelia glomerata, Wedd. Ueno -ueno Pineda Incana, R. P. Lloqui Coucona Piperacea ... ? .. Piper heterophyllum, R. P. Ccarpunya Churumayu, R. P. Churumayu angustifolium, R. P. Mocco-mocco Plumieria purpurea, R. P. Suchi incarnata, R. P. Puca-suchi lutea, R. P. Ccarhuas -suchi Polianthes tuberosa, Lin. Amaru-cachu Polylepis racemosa, R. P. tomentella, Wedd. Queñua · villosa, H. B. K. } Polypodium crassifolium, Linn. Puntu-puntu Prosopis horrida, Kth. Huarancu Psoralea glandulosa, Linn. Culen Randia rotundifolia, R. P. Millucasa Rhexia ochypetala, R. P. Chinchincca Salix Humboldtiana, Willd. Ramran Salvia punctata, R. P. Anas- ccachu oppositiflora, R. P. Chenchelcoma. acutifolia, R. P. Soconcha Schinus Molle, Lin. Mulli Smilax Parhampuy, R. P. Parhampuy Solanum lycioides, Linn. Amacasa tuberosum, Linn. Acsu or Ascu* stellatum, R. P. Campucasa, Huircacasa scabrum, R. P Casiamuru. calygnaphalum, R. P. ñuñunya Yurac-huassa Incanum, R. Spermacoce assurgens; RP. Uspica * Stereoxylon resinosum, R. P. Chachecuma pendulum, R..P. Pùma-chilca .. patens , R. P. Tasta Ascu is the name given for potato in the vocabulary of the Chinchaysuyu dialect by Torres Rubio, p. 219. It seems doubtful whether the word belongs strictly to the Quichua language.

LIST OF PLANTS .

223

Stipa Ichu, Kunth. Ychu, Ocssa Tacsonia ... ? ... Tumbo Tafalla glauca, R. P. Aytacupi Tagetes tenuifolia, Cav. Chinchimali Tecoma Guarume, De Cand. Huaramu Thibaudia acuminata, Juss. Cachu-yuyu Trifolium ... ? ... Llayu Tropæolum tuberosum. R. P. Ulluca Urtica ... ... ... Ytapallu Valeriana coarctata, R. P. Huarituru paniculata, R. P. Macaë Verbena Saya-saya ?. ?. Vochysia . Quilla-caspi Zea Mais, Linn. Sara

POSTSCRIPT. Note to page 6. To the list of Quichua grammars, I must add one mentioned by Barcia- Pinelo. "Juan de Vega . Arte e Rudimentos de Gramatica Quichua . Impreso en Lima." Juan de Vega was the name of the physician who effected the first recorded cure by the use of Chinchona bark, which he administered to the Countess of Chinchon, the wife of the Viceroy of Peru. It is probable that the physician and the author of the grammar were the same person. See Trübner's " Bibliotheca Glottica ," Addenda , p. 237 .

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