Catalogue of the Turkish Manuscripts in the British Museum 9781463215019

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CATALOGUE OF T H E TURKISH MANUSCRIPTS IN T H E BRITISH MUSEUM

CATALOGUE OF T H E TURKISH MANUSCRIPTS IN T H E BRITISH MUSEUM

CHARLES RIEU

GORGIAS PRESS

2008

First Gorgias Press Edition, 2008 The special contents of this edition are copyright © 2008 by Gorgias Press LLC

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This edition is a facsimile reprint of the original edition published by the Longman, London, 1888

ISBN 978-1-59333-932-6 ISSN 1935-3197

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The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standards. Printed in the United States of America

TABLE

OF

CONTENTS.

PAGE

BIBLE

.

.

.

M U H A M M E D A N

.

.

.

.

1

PAGE

H I S T O R Y OP E G Y P T .

.

.

. 6 5

H I S T O R Y OP THE K U R D S

.

.

. 7 0

T H E O L O G Y . BIOGRAPHY

CORAN

72

3 L I V E S OP S A I N T S

CREED

.

.

.

.

.

.

LIVES CONTROVERSY

8

BITES

9

LAW

15

MYSTICISM

17 .

.

.

.

.

OP P O E T S .

T R E A T I E S AND R O Y A L

PRAYERS

.

. 7 4

4

. 1 ?

.

LETTERS

. .

PAPERS

.

.

75 78

COLLECTIONS OP R O Y A L L E T T E R S F I R M A N S AND L E G A L

.

.

.

80 . 9 0

COLLECTIONS OF L E T T E R S AND INSHAS

.

93

COSMOGRAPHY

.

104

AND

GEOGRAPHY

.

HISTORY. GENERAL H I S T O R Y

.

.

H I S T O R Y OF C R E E D S

.

H I S T O R Y OP MUIIAMMED EARLY

CONQUESTS

.

. 3 5

.

.

IMAMS AND K H A L I F S

22

. .

. .

.

36 . 3 8

.

39

GHAZNEVIS

42

TIMUR

43

TURKISH

HISTORY.

GENERAL SPECIAL

SCIENCES

A N D

ARTS.

ENCYCLOPEDIAS

114

E T H I C S AND POLITICS

.

.

. 1 1 6

ASTRONOMY

120

MEDICINE

124

VETERINARY

ART

MILITARY A R T

. .

. .

. .

.

.

128

ALCHEMY .

.

.

.

44 59

INTERPRETATION DIVINATION

126

129 OF .

DREAMS .

.

AND .

130

PAGE P H I L O L O G Y . ARABIC

LEXICOGRAPHY

PERSIAN

.

LEXICOGRAPHY

TURKISH GRAMMAR

.

LEXICOGRAPHY .

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

134

.

137

.

145

.

149

P O E T R Y .

M S S .

FABLES,

AND A N E C D O T E S .

OP M I X E D

T U R K I

O R

CONTENTS

.

.

E A S T E R N

.

.

213

.

232

T U R K I S H .

LEXICOGRAPHY

263

PROSE

269

WORKS

POETRY

PERSIAN

POETS.

TURKISH IN

POETICAL

POETRY

284

T R A N S L A T I O N S AND

COMMENTARIES

POEMS

PAGE TALES,

. .

AZERBAIJANI MISCELLANIES

. .

. .

152

INDEX

OP

TITLES

160

INDEX

OP

PEBSONS'

.

205

INDEX

OP

SUBJECTS

.

210

NUMERICAL

.

TURKISH . .

.

.

INDEX

303 NAMES .

. .

. .

.

.

315 -333 341

PREFACE. THE Present Catalogue embraces all the Turkish. MSS. now extant in the British Museum. They are 483 in number, viz., 444 in "Western, or Osmanli, Turkish, and 39 in Eastern Turkish, Or Chaghatai, for which the more comprehensive native term of Turki has been adopted. Although belonging to the same family of speech, these two branches are sufficiently wide apart to be treated as separate languages, and the literatures to which they gave rise run in quite distinct channels. I t has therefore been thought best to deal with the Turki MSS. in a separate division a t the end of the Catalogue. The Turkish of Azerbaijan, on the other hand, is more closely allied to the Wester^ than to the Eastern branch. As MSS. in that dialect contain exclusively poetical works, they have been grouped together at the' end of the section of Turkish poetry. I n the classification and description of MSS. the same plan has been followed as in the Persian Catalogue. The same attention has been given to the chronological sequence of works in each class, and comparatively few have been left without the determination of a precise or approximate date of composition. If less development has been given to the biographical notices of authors, the reason is that the ground was found better prepared. I n many cases a simple reference to Baron von Hammer's classical writings rendered any further statement superfluous. Hammer's colossal work supplies an inexhaustible fund of information on Turkish history and literature, and, although it may occasionally require control in matters of detail, it still is, and will long remain, an indispensable guide for whosoever enters upon that study. References to his two standard works, " Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches," Pesth, 1827—35, and " Geschichte der Osmanischen Dichtkunst," Pesth, 1836—38, will be found on every page. What has been stated in the preface to the third volume of the Persian Catalogue respecting the origin of the Persian collection, applies, in a great measure, also to the Turkish collection. Most of the private collections there mentioned comprised some Turkish MSS. Here, as there, the most important contribution is due to the collecting zeal of Claudius James Rich, whose name will be found attached to no fewer than 124 of the MSS. described. These include our earliest Turki text, the Kisas i Rabghuzi,

vili

PREFACE.

composed A.H. 710 (p. 269), a valuable collection of Chaghatii'i poems, with dates ranging from A.H. 754 to 914 (p. 284) ; notices of contemporary poets, by Mir 'Ali Shir (p. 2 7 3 ) ; the Khamseh, or five narrative poems, of the same author (p. 292); the Divans of Sultan Husein Beikara (p. 256), and of 'Obeid Khan Uzbek (p. 300); a hitherto unnoticed Turkish history, -written under Bayezld II. by Bihishti (p. 44) ; the authentic record of the great Suleiman's reign, by Jelal Zadeh Mustafa (p. 49) ; the rare life of Selxm I., by the same writer (p. 50) ; early copies of Hamdi's Iskender Nameh (p. 164), and of Sheikhi's Khusrev u Shlrin (p. 165); lastly, the biographies of poets by 'Ahdi, brought down to A.H. 1001 (p. 76). Next in point of numbers is a collection of 106 Oriental MSS. formed by M. Alexandre Jaba, late Russian Consul at Erzerum, the only one in which Turkish forms a preponderating element, amounting to forty-nine volumes. One of the most curious is a Shahnameh translated from Firdausi for Sultan Kansauh Ghauri, the last of the Memluk kings of Egypt, A.H. 913 (p. 152). The following are also worthy of notice :—A Turkish history, written under Murad III. by Seyyid Lokman (p. 54); the Khamseh, or five Mesnevi poems, of Yahya Beg, the Albanian (p. 180) ; the rare Divans of Meslhi (p. 171), Ishak Chelebi (p. 176), Gharami and Rahlmi (p. 179); and a history of the Kurds, translated from the Persian of Sheref Khan, for a descendant of the author (p. 70). Twenty-nine MSS., brought from Egypt in the year 1801 by Col. Hilgrove Turner, comprise an early copy of the Hulviyyat i Sudani, a work composed about A.H. 850 by Isma'il Beg, prince of Kastamuni (p. 11); a Turkish history by Jemali, the original of Hans Lewenklau's " Neuwe Chronica " (p. 46); and an otherwise unknown translation of the Arabic biography of Turkish 'TTlema (p. 72). The collection formed by Col. Robert Taylor, Rich's successor in Baghdad, although prominently Arabic, includes twelve Turkish MSS., among which the following are especially valuable :—A detailed history of Bayezld II. and Sellm I., written by an anonymous dependant of the latter Sultan (p. 45) ; a history of religious sects, translated, with additions, from Shehrestani (p. 35); two copies of Nazmi Zadeh's history of Baghdad (p. 41); and the geographical dictionary of Sipahi Zadeh (p. 110). Eight MSS. brought from India by the late Col. George Wm. Hamilton are mostly in Eastern Turkish. They include the rare lives of saints and sufis by Mir 'Ali Shir (p. 274), four Mesnevis of the same author (p. 293), and an early copy of his Divan (p. 294). To William Erskine, the learned translator of the Memoirs of Baber, the Museum is indebted for a copy of the original Turki text (p. 280), and for the Ferhad u Shlrin of Mir 'Ali Shir (p. 294). Two choice copies of the Divan of the last-named poet (p. 295) were brought from Persia by Sir Charles A. Murray, and from the same country came, through the Rev. T. H. Sternschuss, a life of Sheikh Safi ud Din, the ancestor of the Safevis (p. 281), and a translation of the Sheref Nameh, with curious additions (p. 71).

PREFACE.

ix

The value of the collection of Baron Alfred von Kremer, acquired since the publication of the Persian Catalogue, rests chiefly in its Arabic contents ; but it comprises also fifteen Turkish MSS., among which may be mentioned, as of especial interest, early versions of the Futuh ush-Sham (p. 38), and of the Kabus Nameh (p. 116) ; a history of the Turkish conquest of Egypt, translated, with additions, from Ibn Zenbel (p. 59) ; and Sudi's commentary upon the Divan of Hafiz (p. 158). Among many valuable Oriental MSS. secured for the Museum in the years 1885—87 by Sidney Churchill, Esq., Persian Secretary to the British Legation at the Court of Teheran, are nine Turkish MSS., first of which in importance is the famous Senglakh, or Turki-Persian dictionary, of Nadir Shah's secretary, Mirza Mehdi Khan (p. 264), hitherto only known in Europe through a meagre abridgment. Others are the rare Divans of Sultan Husein Beikara, the last of the Timurides of Persia (p. 299), of his contemporary, Shah Isma'Il, the founder of the Safevi dynasty (p. 205), and of Emani, a Turkish Emir at the Court of Shah 'Abbas I. (p. 301) ; the Makhzen ul-Esrar of Mir Haider Telbeh (p. 298); Mahbub ul-Kulub, the last work of Mir 'Ali Shir (p. 275); and the earliest Persian-Turkish dictionary, compiled about A.H. 850 by Lutf-ullah. Hallmi (p. 137). Out of thirty-four MSS. included in the Harleian Collection, the most valuable are :—• An anonymous " Mirabilia Mundi," translated from an otherwise unknown Persian work, apparently of the fourth century of the Hijreh, and enriched with numerous miniatures (p. 104); the romance of Ebu Muslim (p. 214), and old copies of the earliest Turkish poems, the Gharib Nameh of 'Ashik Pasha (p. 160), and the Iskender Narneh of Ahtnedi (p. 162). Among MSS. acquired independently of the above-named collections, and from various sources, the following may be pointed out to the attention of readers :—A contemporary account of the Georgian campaign of Lala Mustafa Pasha, written by 'Ali, A.H. 988 (p. 61); the history of Sellm I. in verse, by Shukri (p. 174); the Yis u Ramin of Lami'i (p. 175); the romance of Kiran Habeshi, in three large folios (p. 210) ; an illuminated copy of the tale of Ferrukh-riiz (p. 229) ; a history of Chingiz Khan and his successors, concluding with Sheibani Khan, and written for him, A.H. 908 (p. 276); the Divans of Kabuli (p. 184), and of Sekkaki, an early Chaghatai poet (p. 284). Osmanli Turkish, in its early stages of development, is as yet but imperfectly known. The Museum collection will be found to supply some valuable material for its study. Taking the conquest of Constantinople, A.H. 857, as a convenient line of demarcation between archaic and classical Turkish, the works above that limit will range in chronological order as follows :—• The Turkish translation of Taberi (p. 22), A.H. 710. The Divan of 'Ashik Pasha (p. 160), A.H. 730. A Sufi work, by Haji Bektash (p. 246), circa A.H. 730. Iskender Nameh, by Ahrnedi (p. 162), A.H. 792.

PREFACE.

X

Futüh ush-Shäm, by Zarir Mustafa (p. 38), A.H. 796. The Mevlüd of Suleiman Chelebi (p. 240), circa A.H. 800. Beshäret Nämeh, by Refl'i (p. 164), A.H. 811. Devlet Oghli's versified treatise (p. 9), A.H. 828. Khusrev u Shirln, by Sheikhi (p. 16-5), circa A.H. 830. Jämasp Nämeh, by 'Abdi (p. 167), A.H. 833. Merjumek's Käbüs Nämeh (p. 116), A.H. 8 35. The works of the two brothers known as Yaziji Oghli (pp. 17, 1 0 5 , 1 0 6 , 1 6 8 ) , the Tale of the Forty Vezirs (p. 216), and the Hulviyyat i Sultani (p. 11), were all written about the middle of the ninth century of the Hijreh. The undated romances of Ebu Muslim, Seyyid Battal, and Kiran Habeshi, are probably to be assigned, in their present shape, to the eighth, or to the first half of the ninth century. Early texts in Eastern Turkish are fewer, but, from their archaic character, linguistically still more important. They begin at the same date, A.H. 710, with the Kisas i Eabghuzi (p. 269). The next-following are : — Mahabbet Nämeh, by Khwärezmi (p. 290), A.H. 754. Makhzen ul-Esrär, by Haider (p. 286), A.H. 812—17. Gul u Naurüz, by Lutfi (p. 285), A H. 814. Deh Nämeh, by Emiri (p. 288), A.H. 833. Ta'ashshuk -Nämeh, by Sidi Ahmed (p. 289), A.H. 839. The Divans of Sekkäki and Lutfi (pp. 284, 288), about 850. The following is a chronological list of our earliest dated MBS. : — A.H.

PAGE.

A.H.

PAGE.

A.H.

855 863 864 887 890 914 933 936 938 940 950

166 17 134 294 166 284 167 251 172 164 251

967 969 970

986 987 988

959 960 — 961 966

227 a 45 b 155 b 177 b 157 b

160 a 178 & 65 b 280 a 174 a 179 a 135 a 175 b 228 a 176 b 23 b 78 a 137 b 108 b 12 b 223 a

b a a b b b a b a a b

—

972 — 973 — 977 980 982 — 983 984 985

939 —

990 — 991 996 997 998 999

PAGE.

170 273 21 180 213 253 135

a a b b a a b 226 b 61 b 116 b 40 b 184 a 245 b 53 a 183 a 19 a

PREFACE.

xi

A few undated MSS., which may be assigned to the fifteenth century, are described at pp. 23 a, 162 a, 164 a, 165 b, 166 b, and 269 b. Whether Turks are naturally less fond than Persians of the pictorial art, or whether they are more generally restrained by religious scruple from its cultivation, it is a matter of experience that illuminated Turkish MSS. are exceedingly rare, and rarer still are those which have escaped defacement at the hands of ruthless zealots. The following short list comprises all those which the Museum collection can offer :— DATED

UNDATED

MANUSCRIPTS.

MANUSCRIPTS. PAGE.

PAGE.

A.H.

Jâmasp Nàmeh

167

933

Khusrev Shlrin . . 166. 15th cent.

Nusret Nàmeh

61

990

Wonders of Nature

Shemà'il Nàmeh

53

997

Humayun Nameh . 228.

Pâshâ Nàmeh .

191

1040

'Aja'ib ul-Makhlukat

107.

—

—

229.

—

—

211. 17th cent.

Dïvân i Bàki .

187

1046

Tale of Ferrukhruz

Leila Mejnûn .

206

1075

Album of drawings

104. 16th cent. —

—

With Eastern Turkish MSS. the case is different, and the proportion of illuminated volumes is far greater. Such MSS. come mostly from Eastern Persia, especially from Herat, and, in point of ornamentation, they are not distinguishable from Persian MSS. of the same class. The four following MSS. contain miniatures :—Grul u iTauruz (p. 285 b), A.H. 9 1 4 ; Makhzen ul-Esrar (p. 298), 16th c e n t . ; Tevarikh Guzideh (p. 276), 16th cent.; Hairet ul-Ebrar (p. 294), A.H. 1006. A fifth, the Divan of Neva'i (p. 2 9 5 ) , is remarkable for rich and highly-finished illuminated borders. The only part of the Turkish collection descriptions of which have already appeared in print consists of sixty-nine Rich and fifteen Kremer MSS. Short Latin notices of the former were published by their owner in the years 1813-14, in the third and fourth volumes of the " Mines de l'Orient." The latter have been described by Baron von Kremer, with the rest of his collection, in a Catalogue printed at Vienna, 1885. A list of the original and present Nos. of both sets, with references to the pages of the present catalogue, will be found at the end of the Numerical Index.

CHARLES June 29, 1888.

RIEIJ.

BIBLE.

Harl. 576. Foil. 109; 8$ in. by 6; 14 lines, 3 | in. long; -written in fair large Neskhi, with all the vowels, on one side of the paper only, apparently in the 17th century. The Proverbs of Solomon, with the heading and a preface to-loJ beginning ¡jJjJ^ ools- tilix.^iu * {joyd>

fb_\jOj

C ^ m

j

^¿Jjm}

^Jjo «JJ\ O i U i J j

The first chapter begins as follows : j> ^¿fr cillÄs. r I*

liÜi

jx>J

j

yjJjiÜ j

LIUFL J^J.» ^¿JUASI"^ ft>

^e.

r J

To the first ten chapters summaries of the contents are prefixed. A detached leaf, inserted at the beginning, contains a table of chapters drawn up in English ; at the end of which the following note has been written by Wanley : " Superiora fuerunt scripta manu Jezreelis Jones, in Arabicis Interpretis Regii, 6 die Mensis Augusti, A.D. 1711." A Turkish translation of the Proverbs, also anonymous, is noticed in the Paris catalogue, p. 305, No. 1.

The preface, foil. 4—7, probably translated .from Latin, treats of proverbs in general and of those of Solomon in particular, with reference to 1 Kings, iv. 32. It shows how the latter were collected, partly by Solomon himself, partly by Hezekiah, and sets forth the division of the book into two parts, and the scope of each. Add. 7830. The text shows some amount of verbal agreement with that of the Turkish Bible, Foil. 139 ; 11 in. by 8 ; 20 lines, 4f in. printed in Paris, 1827. It is probably derived long ; written in a fair large Neskhi, probably from the translation made by 'All Beg about the close of the 17th century; bound Bobrovski, in the years 1662—1664, and in Oriental stamped leather. [ R I C H , N O . 470.] preserved in the original MS. at Leyden, on The four Gospels, with the following title which the Paris edition is based. See de written in the centre of the first page : Goeje, Leyden Catalogue, vol. v., No. 2405 ; ü}^ U"® 1 J ^ and, for the life of 'All Beg, Catteau, Bio- >*ii fjJW cA*^ ¿>Uj j ^ J i ¿ter* graphie Universelle. B

2

BIBLE.

The text is a faithful transcript of the Sloane 3089. Turkish version published by Wm. Seaman under the title " Domini nostri Jesu Christi Foil. 68; 7f in. by 5 f ; 22 lines, 2£ in. Testamentum Novum Turcice redditum," long; written in a stiff angular character by Oxoniae, 1666. a European hand, with ruled margins, The chapters are marked in the margin by A.D. 1657. the Armenian word for chapter with a The Gospel of John with the following numerical figure. The verses are separated U^jj ¿y»J>\ JAU SJUj by red dots, but not numbered. The marginal title: notes of the printed edition have not been 1 y—> i—»i-f» t j i i j added. Beg. sj^Ul ^ j ^ ^ s ^ l j j (1)

Add. 19,001.

in. by 6; 22 lines, 3 | in. long; Foil. 172 ; written in Neskhi; dated Tokat, the 30th day of Nisan, A.D. 1725; bound in Oriental stamped leather.

[Rev. John Muebleisen.]

(2) ^^lijjl ij¿¿jy

j ܻU

OU>

(¿rü-"

, (3) ¡¡¿¿jóS" (4)

The text is anterior to the publication of The four Gospels and the Revelation, with Seaman's version. Notwithstanding many the same title as in the preceding MS. discrepancies, it bears a marked resemblance The text is also transcribed from the version to it, and represents probably an early of William Seaman. The marginal notes of attempt of the translator. Corrections, or the printed edition are written in red ink in alternative renderings, are frequently added the MS. The verses are not numbered. in the margin. The verses are detached, Copyist: jjjjkiw ^ and numbered in the margin On the last page is written, " J. M. EppAt the end is written, " Finished in the stein, to the Reverend Mr. Miihleisen." year 1657."

(

3

)

MUHAMMEDAN

CORAN.

Or. 1143. Foil. 350; 11 in. by 5f ; 25 lines, 3} in. long; written partly in Nestalik, partly in Neskhi, apparently in the 17th century. [Alex. Jaba.] The last volume of a commentary upon the Coran, without title or author's name. I t comprises the last third of the Coran, from the beginning of the 36th chapter, Sureh Ya Sin, to the end. Beg. oUjt> jjuj Jjl j j j . j f t ¡jSjji!

aSojjjJjj.0»- pLj j

J,T ¡6 jtJij S¡ya J s^rj

1

¿111 ^jLa

aJ&

iSlSL ^JYi-euc

SJJ^i (j,!/

JU-

J^

J">

(ivk br*

^ ^

(j-?. it?»

3

J^

The text of the Coran is inserted in detached verses or portions of verses, either with red ink or with .a red line drawn over it. The commentary is written in plain old Turkish. The archaic character of its grammatical forms and vocabulary assigns to it a date not later than the ninth century of the Hijreh. The author does not deal in grammatical or verbal explanations, but gives after each verse a copious paraphrase beginning with in which its meaning is fully developed. But in some cases he begins by stating the Jjji or the occasion on which the verse was revealed.

THEOLOGY.

Authorities are seldom quoted, and then only the earliest commentators, as Ibn Mes'ud (died A.H. 32), Ibn 'Abbas (A.H. 68), Sad B. Jubeir (A.H. 95), Mkrimeh (A.H. 106), Kutadeh (A.H. 117) and Kelbi (A.H. 146). Of later commentaries the Keshshaf alone is referred to. There are three digressions of some extent: 1. On the ¿ ¡ j ^ l L^Ui"1, Sureh 85, v. 4, a story, ascribed to Muhammed, of a youth, who, instead of studying, as ordered, witchcraft from an old wizard, learnt the true faith from a monk, performed miracles, and finally suffered martyrdom by being cast into a trench filled with fire, f. 313—315. 2. On Sureh 89, v. 5, the story of Sheddad and Irem Zat ul-'Imad, as told by Ka'b ul-Akhbar, f. 320—322. 3. On Sureh 105, v. 1, the legend of Abrahah. and the J j i J l k-Arf®', f. 34,0—343. Of the few Turkish Tefsirs mentioned by Haj. Khal., the work entitled ^yr vol. ii., p. 640, is perhaps the only one with which the present commentary might be identified. It was written by some author not named for Emir Isfendiyar B. Bayezld, Lord of Kastamuni, who was re-instated by Timur A.H. 805, and appears to have lived down to A.H. 833. It must be noticed, however, that a commentary bearing that title, and described by Tornberg, Upsala Catalogue, No. 389, appears to be less extensive than ours. Copyist: ¿»s? yj joc J b j j i B2

4

CORAN.

The fly-leaf contains a table of chapters, and the first page the half obliterated name of a former owner, which appears to r e a d : tiM-

J.WI

^jflk-ao ^ L - i l ^liH is-»«?

*~>jj> ja

^

Add. 9698. Foil. 1 9 ; 8 in. by 6 ; 15 lines, 4 j in. long; written in Neskhi, with all the vowels, A.H. 1226 (A.D. 1811). [Hodgson.] A treatise on the correct pronunciation of the Coran, by Muhammed Kunevi, with the heading: aulS' ^JUi

¡t«s-j t/jJJ ¿«si

Beg. ^li«! iaiai ^

1j>6 j l v ^jJI ill ¿•i-l

A short Arabic preamble, in which are quoted some traditions ti-o^»- enjoining the recitation of the Coran, is followed by a prologue in Turkish verse, beginning tC** Jf» - J?' The author, after giving definitions of and of the technical terms of the science, viz. \i~\j

jj

'iy*t> j J i *

j

to set forth t h e . >jJ*\

J^j ^ J S j j J¿jij }

^

s - ^ j , proceeds or the parts of

the organ of speech by which each letter is produced. He then gives the special rules relating to the modifications of sound implied by the above technical terms. Such rules are often expressed in mnemonic verses. The authority principally followed is Jezeri (Muh. B. Muh., who died A.H. 833). Arabic verses frequently introduced are taken from bis metrical treatise ¡o^jiU See Haj. Khal., vol. vi. p. 78. A commentator of the same, 'All el-Kari, is once referred to, fol. 185. A »Jjji^ is mentioned among the works of

'Ali B. Sultan Muhammed el-Käri el-Herevi, who died A.H. l o i 4 . See Khuläsat ul-E§er, Add. 23,370, f. 37. For other Turkish treatises on Tejvld, see Krafft, No. 405, Fleischer, Leipzig Catalogue, No. 100, 5, No. 101, Pertsch, Türkische Handschr., No. 2, 2, No. 66, 67, Arabische Handsclir., No. 571, 3. A Tejvld Menzüm was lithographed in Constantinople, A.H. 1265.

C R E E D .

Add. 6024. Foil. 71 ; 81 in. by ; 17 lines, 3 in. l o n g ; written in Neskhi with vowels, with rcd-ruicd margins, apparently in the 17th century. [IIilgrove Turner.] A Turkish commentary upon the exposition of the M'islim Greed writteu in Arabic verse by Siraj ud-Din 'All B. 'Ogman el-Ushi elFerghani el-Hanefi. This versified treatise, variously called from its initial words j J U ^ o r J U ^ fjo,or Jyi) iy^aj jjjJI, was composed, as stated by el-Temlml (v. H a j . Khal., vol. iv., p. 559), A.H. 569. I t has been published, with a paraphrase in Persian verse and a Latin translation, byPeter von Bohlen, Regimontii, 1825. I t has also been printed under t h e title of ^ U / J U A in Kasan, 1849. For copies, see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 966, Fleischer, Leipzig Catalogue, p. 4346, Leyden Catalogue, vol. iv., p. 244, Petersburg Catalogue, p. 28, Vienna Catalogue, vol. i., p. 459, Loth, No. 828, ii., Aumer, No. 147, Ahlwardt's Yerzeichniss, p. 49, and Pertsch, Arabische Handsclir., No. 667. On the first page, and in t h e same handwriting as the text, is found this title: J

1

^

j JJjJ\ JjftJ j

^ j

^jt, ¿11!

^J^

5

CREED. and by the side of it, but by. another hand, the following note: to-jHJU i a'y« ascribing the commentary to Muhammed B. Malkuchah. At the beginning of the MS. are found two distinct prefaces, written without any break as a continuous text, but apparently due to different authors. In the first, beginning as follows : ijyji- U Jj^ (jJ ^Uj j ¿S- ¿J?" j.la} j JULJ, l_Jj (j^ljl SJlfi^t j the author, whose name does not appear, says that he wrote this commentary entitled JL^ r j * j JlUl p.kj for his pupil 'All, son of Mustafa Efendi, and that he commenced it while a " g u e s t " of Yezir Husein Pasha, then unjustly confined in the Joseph pavilion ^ ^ of t h e citadel of Cairo. (This evidently relates to Deli Husein Pasha, who, after two years' rule as Governor of Egypt, was imprisoned for monies due in the j S > / o f the citadel, A.H. 1047; see 'AbdulKerlm's history, Add. 7878, f. 40). He had at the time, six commentaries at hand, viz. those of Ebu Bekr Razi (read Muh. B. Ebi Bekr ; v. H a j . Khal., vol. iv., p. 559, and Ahlwardt, No. 338), composed A.H. 703, of Shems uddin Nigusari (Haj. Khal., p. 560), of 'All el-Karl (died A.H. 1014; v. Ahlwardt, No. 341, and de Slane, Paris Catalogue, No. 1251), and three others, the authors of which he did not know. This preface is followed by an introduction, which ends f. 4a, with remarks on the Besmeleh. The second preface, which begins f. 4 b lJ = with these words o - V 9 J ^ ^ 3 "* " J CUL'-PJI^O/« JJLO JJ\

(JLJS L^IO-C J (_)JU9

whom he praises in some Turkish lines as reigning sovereign. This short preamble is followed by an introduction, in which the technical terms and the object of scholastic theology (plK') are defined. Then comes, f. 9 a, the prologue of a translation in Turkish verse of the Arabic poem by Sa'd ud-din Efendi, ^joii iWI JyL> Ji The author of this version, probably no other than the celebrated author of the Taj ut-Tevarikh, had written it, as stated in the prologue, by command of Sultan Murad B. Selim. I t follows the original text verse for verse, and is entirely incorporated into the present commentary. I t begins as follows : J W j

questions put by a strange Sufi to the author, who was then in Widdin engaged in study and free from worldly cares.

u^r^0

««jlaJxi

(^W

< — a A J o i

Jai O ^ t ? LZJjjJ ^—Hl»

After a panegyric on the reigning Sultan, Murad Khan B . Muhammed Khan (Murad I I . , A.H. 824—847), and a dedication of the work to him, he gives his own name and the date of composition, A.H. 827-8, in the following lines: Jy-o- jjLa—a_j ^ji-C- yj^ ^¿¡ye ( F o r other copies, see Dorn, S. Petersburg Catalogue, No. 576, art. 3., and Fleischer, Dresden Catalogue, No. 329, art. 4. The author is perhaps identical with Sa'di B . Hasan, who wrote an Arabic treatise on. religious duties ; v. H a j . Khal., vol. v., p. 414. I I I . Poll. 78 5—92. A treatise in Mesnevi rhyme on the legal prescriptions relating to ablutions and prayer, with the heading

»jaJjA*?

The treatise is in the form of a Kasldeh rhyming in o • I t was written, as stated in a short prologue, A.H. 994, in the reign of Sultan M'urad ( I I I . ) , and in answer to

Beg.

^

sU. j l j-»» j ^¿jAjiJ

o-V»

ijSjlj «-i

The author, who designates himself by his

11

RITES. poetical surname GhazalT, in the last line but one, ^¡T b ^Uj ji sijLfl' i-ilwi praises in the prologue his generous patron Piyaleh, the favorite servant of Korkud K h a n

and Sham, Shems ud-Din Mevlana Penarl, had written for the son of his master a tract setting forth t h e fundamental rules of prayer j.j}J\ J-OL» ^ain

J$y>

U^A s)U, j> yt^bl *'UU

«JU

sJjiojii

>j5jy uiiiliuT J j \

yd Sl^J 1-JJ^ i^S ^^

and says that, in obedience to a voice from above, he perpetuated his memory by adorning with his name the present compendium extracted from the Bedayeh, a work unequalled among the many text-books of law, and from its commentary, the Hidayeh (see the Arabic Catalogue, p. 116 b). Ghazali, whose proper name was Muhammed Chelebi, surnamed Deli Birader, was Muderris in Brusa, his native place. He was introduced by Piyaleh Chelebi to Prince Kor • kud, then governor of Magnesia, who took the poet with him to Egypt. H e died A.H. 941. See Gesch. der Osm. Dichtk., vol. ii., p. 198. The present tract must have been written before the death of Prince Korkud, which happened A.H. 918. IY. Poll. 92 b—95. A short Mesnevi on the rules relating to prayer and to ablutions, with the heading [sic] ¿¡fijiA-l

plff ^J [sic] w ¿A3! «ail ^JS* n^A-i ^

Beg. Wy&tl V j sljjji' (jJl sy> D j bjjjjjy_j> ^ jjJb^ ^ The author, 'Azizi, whose name occurs in the last Beit but two, iJ-?3 J-oj jJU!) J®. sb\

j> tjy>.j&

^

¡jy

says that the great doctor, the Mufti of Rum

(j-v^

of

wlj ajAS? j j j / ^"i^o

This tract had been translated (from Arabic into Turkish) by one of the TTlema, and the author was directed to put it into verse. Shems ud-Din Muhammed B. Hamzeli elFenari, one of the greatest Turkish scholars, lived at Brusa under Sultan Bavezid I., and died A.H. 834. See Shaka'ik, f. 9. Among his numerous works is one on prayer, entitled ^Lajt which is probably here meant. See Haj. Khal., vol. v., p. 494. Copyist:

¡y ^»s?

Add. 5963. Foil. 403; 12 in. by 8 J ; 19 lines, 5 in. long; written in large and fair Neskhi with all t h e vowels, apparently in the 16th c e n t u r y ; bound in stamped leather covers. [Hilgbove Tukner.] - f A vast compilation treating of the fundamental obligations of Islam, viz. purification, prayer, alms, fast, and pilgrimage. Author : Ebul-Hasan Isma'il B. Ibrahim B. Isfendiyar B.Bayezid B.'Adil B. Emir Ya'kub B. Shems ud-Din B. Yemen Jendar H^irBeg.

SjU» ^x-iiM Jc-V u j ^ 1 '-r'j ^

In the preface the author shows what degree of instruction is obligatory to every Muslim, and quotes from t h e Coran and Hadls precepts relating to the acquisition of knowledge and promises of blessings to 'Ulemas. c 2

12

RITES.

Anxious to secure for himself some of those blessings he compiled the present compendium, as he calls it, of the knowledge necessary t o G o d ' s s e r v i c e I—JUS" J^jJ^

Hammer, Geseh. des Osm. Eeiches, vol. i., p. 331, vol. ii., p. 51, and Stanley Lane-Poole, Coins of the Turks, p. ix, table.

j> ¡•¿Sjus- ^s-, a n d ,

from his inability to compose in Arabic, wrote it in Turkish. I t is principally based, he adds, upon the Terghib i Salat »jU ^ ¿ • y (by Muhammed B. Ahmed Zahid; see Haj. Khal., vol. ii., p. 182, and the Persian Catalogue, p. 807 b) ; but in the body of the work he quotes on almost every page the Salat i Mes'udi, "i^a (Pers. Catal., p. 41 5.), occasionally also the 'Umdat ul-Islam and numerous other works, chiefly those of the Hanefi school, the latest of which appears to be the Mukaddimeh i Kutb ud-Din (by Kutb ud-Din Muhammed Nikidi, who died A.H. 821; Haj. Khal., vol. vi.,87). Although belonging to the last-named school, he refers also frequently to the opinions of the Shaft'! doctors. The work is divided into seventy-seven Babs, a full table of which written by the same hand as the text, occupies five pages at the beginning. It is mentioned by Haj. Khal., vol. iii., p. 108, under the title of O b j l » , but copies noticed in the Catalogues of Paris, p. 306, No. 63, and Vienna, vol. iii., p. 122 (the latter dated A.H. 986) bear the same title as the present MS. From the author's genealogy it appears that he belonged to the princely house of Kastamuni. His grandsire, Isfendiyar B. (Kuturum) Bayezid.was re-instated by Timur, A.H. 805, in the principality from which his father liad been dispossessed by Sultan Bayezid I. Ibrahim, Isfendiyar's son, succeeded his father A.H. 833, and was followed, at a date not ascertained, by his own son Isma'il Beg, the author of the present work. After surrendering Sinope, the last remnant of his estate, to Sultan Muhammed II., A.H. 864, Isma'il Beg proceeded to Yenishehr, which the conqueror assigned to him in exchange for Sinope. See Hesht Bihisht, vol. ii., f. 74,

Add. 6009. Poll. 140; 6|in. by 4 ; 17lines, 2|in. long; written in Neskhi with gold-ruled margins, dated Rejeb, A.H. 1057 (A.D. 1647). [HILGROVE TL'BNER.]

A treatise on the nature of the legal prayer, its efficacy, and the import of the various acts and words of which it consists; translated from a Persian work of the same name, written A.H. 899 by Husain B. 'All elKashifi (see Haj. Khal., vol. ii., p. 230, and the Vienna Catalogue, vol. iii., p. 449). Beg.

LLUXW-

A.*.* It is divided into a Mukaddimeh, twelve* chapters (Fasl), and a Khatimeh, a table of which is given after a short preamble. The translator, whole name does not appear, gives at the end A.H. 990 as the date of the translation. I t is conveyed in the following chronogram :

Add. 7832. Foil. 208; 12 in. by 8 ; 21 lines, 5 J in. long; written in fair Neskhi with all the vowels, with red-ruled margins; dated 15 Shevval, A.H. 984 (A.D. 1577). [RICH. NO. 4 9 0 . ]

A work treating of the five fundamental commands «—•=» of Islam, translated by 'Abd ur-Rah man B. Yusuf el-Aksera'I, from

13

RITES.

the Persian "'TJmdet ul-Tslam" ^J-tfl ' ¿ ^ of Maulànà 'Abd ul-'Aziz Parisi, -with additions by the translator. Beg. ^

uOJU ^

V j aJJ j j i

Add. 7837. Foil. 100; in by 5 f ; 15 lines, in. long; written in rude and ill-shaped Neskhi; dated 17 Muharrem, A.II. 116" (A.D. 1753).

tr?.^'

[RICH, NO. 5 3 0 . ]

The translator says that the 'Umdet ulTslàm had been compiled from eighty-five standard works of the Hanefi school. The translation follows its division into the following five Books: 1. ^ Faith, f. 6 h.—2. SjLoil Legal prayer, f. 21 a.— 3. Fast, f. 85 6 . - 4 . Legal alms, f. 134 «.—5. ^ Pilgrimage, f. 141 b.

A treatise containing full prescriptions relating chiefly to ablutions and legal prayers, with the heading JUsIl [s«c] jjly 3U, si* (J^Wl jJiy j (a title not found in the text).

^'UJi

«i^i» a/»

Beg.

'LLN J « - ^

»13

The author, whose name does not appear, says that he wrote this work according to the teaching of his master, Ustuva.nl Muhammed Efendi ^ j j J l , to whom he gives The translator's additions are, besides supthe following titles : i i — ^ j W l ij^S plementary quotations scattered through the ^aS-Vj)\ J p L ^ j . He adds that the book, the following chapters at the end :—On questions treated in it had been compiled the state of souls at the time of death and in from ninety-six works. The treatise is the grave, f. 144 a. On the duties which divided into short chapters (bab), to which Muslims owe to relatives and fellow-men, and on rules of conduct, f. 148 a. On Resurrec- consecutive numbers have been added in the tion, Hell, and Paradise, f. 172 a. Epilogue, margin, the last being designated as the 55th i_,]. But some, especially in the latter part of the work, are due to other Muftis ; most of these have at the end the name of Ahmed, and a few that of Chivi-Zadeh. The first, known as Kemal Pasha Zadeh, was Mufti from A.H. 932—940; the second, whose proper name was Muhammed B. Ilyas, filled the same office A.H. 945—948, and died A.H. 954. See Sliaka'ik, f. 158. A table of contents occupies two pages at the beginning. Various collections of the Fetvas of Ebu 's-Su'ud are mentioned by Haj. Khal., vol. iv., p. 351. See also Krafft, No. 466, and the Vienna Catalogue, vol. iii., p. 251.

Add. 7836. Poll. 362; 12 in. by 6 | ; 33 lines, 3i in. long; written in Nestalik with red-ruled margins; dated end of RabI' I., A.H. 1126 (A.D. 1714). [Rich, No. 785.] Fetvas, or answers to legal questions, by the Mufti Minkari Z„deh Yahya Efendi, edited by 'Ata-ullah Muhammed ; endorsed ¡¿jhi Beg. ^ U » u - U (_s-J yLjl

j j i d j i « /

The editor had been for many years engaged in drawing up the Fetvas of several successive Muftis, especially those of MinkarlZadch Yahya Efendi, but his original drafts were accidently lost. One of his brethren, having become possessed of numerous Fetvas of the said Mufti, had arranged them in books and chapters; but, as that collection was not

thought free from errors, 'Ata-ullah was requested by the Mufti's grandson, Chelebi Efendi, to undertake its revision. Minkari-Zadeh occupied the office of Mufti under Muhammed IV., A.H. 1073—1084; see Gesch. des Osm. Reiches, vol. vi., p. 766, and Takvim ut-Tevarikh, p. 184. 'Ata-ullah filled the same post for a few months, A.H. 1125, was exiled to Sinope in the subsequent year, and died as Kazi of Boli, A.H. 1127. * See Rashid, vol. ii., ff. 100, 129, and Haj. Khal., vol. iv., p. 363. The present work appears under the title of as. ^ j h i in Haj. Khal., 1. c., and vol. vi., p. 618. The contents are arranged under the usual headings of law-books, beginning with O j l j U l , and ending with ¿..„cU i_j>VIi. A tabulated index of books and chapters occupies two pages of the beginning of the MS. Copyist:

ill

}\ ¿-s- y j ^ U

Or. 1142. Foil. 1 22; 7 | in by 4 f ; 17 lines, 2i in. long; written in small and neat Nestalik; dated 1 Jumada II, A.H. 1153 (A.D. 1740). [Alex. Jaba.]

A work inscribed ^ » j i—jlii" containing models of legal deeds and civil contracts, such as marriage, divorce, manumission, testaments, sales etc. arranged, according to the usual order of law-books, in twenty Babs, subdivided into chapters (J-ai); by Ahmed Vehbi B. Mustafa cl-Buruscvi, I n a preface addressed to Kara-Chelebi Zadeh Abul-Fazl Maljmud Efendi, KaziAsker of Rumili (A.H. 1054—1057; see Takvim ut-Tevarikh, p. 191), the author, who calls himself late Kazi of Eidus, ^jjjjjb UuUj, and had for a long period

17

MYSTICISM. been attached as secretary to the law-courts of Constantinople, refers to two earlier works on the same subject, viz. one in ten Babs by Baldur Zadeh Sheikh Muhammed Efendi, late Muderris in Brusa, the other, similarly divided, by Sani Efendi of Edirneh (Adrianople). The first of the above authors, known as a poet by the name of Sells!, died A.H. 1060; see Gesch. der Osm. Dichtkunst, vol. iii., p. 397. The second, whose proper name was Muhammed B. Dervish Muhammed, wrote his work A.H. 1030. See Pertsch, Gotha Catalogue, p. 83, and Haj. Khal., who calls the author Sena'I, vol. iv.,p. 106. A full table of contents is prefixed, foil. 2—5.

MYSTICISM.

Or. 1140. Foil. 565 ; by 7 ; 13 lines, 4 | long ; written in a small and distinct Neskhi with all the vowels, with red-ruled margins ; dated end of Zulhijjeh, A.H. 863 (A.D. 1459). [ALEX. J ABA.]

'Avarif ul-Me'arif, a full exposition of Sufism by Shihab ud-Dln 'Omer B. Muhammed es-Suhreverdi (died A.H. 632), translated by Haj! Ahmed B. Seidi el-Bighavi, The first page, which has been supplied by a later hand, begins The translator had been requested by some spiritual brethren to turn into Turkish that classical work, of which he makes a long and wordy encomium; but from a feeling of incompetence he was loth to do so, until he at last yielded to an inspiration from above, and complied with their wish, under the auspices

of his religious guide Muhyi '1-Millet ved-Dln Khalifeh. He added to the original text ex planations of the Coranic verses drawn from the following works:—Tefsir Kebir, Keshshaf, Tefsir i Kazi, Teisir, Tefsir i Kashani, Keviishi Te'vilat i Nejmiyyeh, Haka'ik i Sulemi, Me alim, and 'Oyun ut-Tefasir. He explained also the traditions (Hadig) quoted, and inserted sundry sayings and anecdotes of holy sheikhs. The division of the original into sixty-three Babs, a table of which is given at the beginning, is preserved. The translation was finished, as stated at the end, at the beginning of Zulka'deh, A.H. 863 (two months before the date of the present copy). Another Turkish translation is ascribed by Haj. Khal. to 'Arifi, who appears to have lived under Selim I . ; v. vol. iv., p. 276 and p. 13. The contents of the 'Avarif ul-Me'arif have been stated by Hammer, Handschriften, No. 296, Jahrbucher, vol. 82, Anz. BL, p. 55. Sec also Fliigel, Vienna Catalogue, vol. iii., p. 329, Leyden Catalogue, vol. v., p. 6, Loth, No. 625, and De Slane,Paris Catalogue,No. 1332. The Arabic work has been printed in Cairo, A.H. 1291. For theauthor's life, seelbn Khallikan, De Slane's translation, vol. ii., p. 382.

Add. 7874. Foil. 2 3 8 ; 11 in. by 7| ; 19 lines 4 | in. long; written in clear Neskhi, apparently in the 16th century. Two leaves at the beginning and one at the end have been supplied by a later hand. [RICH, No. 56.]

A standard work of Muslim mysticism, by Yaziji Oghli Ahmed Bijiin. Beg. j j l i i J J j j j J f ^

«U ¿.»U Jjp-y

tplila j

The author states in the preface, and reD

18

MYSTICISM.

peats almost in the same words in the epilogue, that his brother Muhammed, a disciple of the great Sheikh Haji Beiram, had composed, at his request, under the title of ^ U ^ i_jjU«> a complete exposition of religious truth, both literal and spiritual, or esoteric, (Zahir u Batin). By his brother's desire, and for the benefit of his countrymen, Ahmed Bijan wrote a Turkish version of it, the present work, while his brother turned it into Turkish verse under the title of ¡oo^s? »«)\->j (see the class of poetry). The Envar ul-'Ashikin was completed, as stated at the end, in Gallipoli, in the reign of Sultan Muhammed (II.), at the beginning of Muharrem A.H. 855. It is divided into five Babs, as follows :—I. On the order of created things, f. 4 a. II. On God's words to the Prophets, f. 15 a. III. On words revealed by God to the angels, f. 142 a. IV. On God's speeches on the day of resurrection, f. 155 a. V. On God's words in the highest station, f. 221 a. The contents have been fully stated by Hammer in the Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie, Phil. Hist. Classe, vol. iii., pp. 129—133. See also Haj. Khal., vol. v., p. 645, and, for other copies, the Catalogues of Paris, p. 306, No. 20, p. 309, No. 49, Gotha, p. 61, St. Petersburg, p. 459, Upsala, p. 301, Leyden, vol. iv., p. 303, and Vienna, vol. iii., p. 124. The Envar ul-'Ashikin has been printed in Constantinople A.H. 1261, in Kazan 1861, and lithographed in the Irani press (Constantinople) A.H. 1291. Notices of the two brothers will be found in Gesch. der Osm. Dichtkunst, vol. i., p. 1"27, Gesch. des Osm. Reiches, vol. i., pp. 497, 601, in the Shakii'ik un-Nu'man f. 39 a, and in T;lj ut-Tevarikh, Add. 19,028, f. 223.

Add. 7835. Poll. 62; 8 in. by 4 f ; 19 lines, 2 | in.

long ; written in Neskhi with ruled margins ; dated Safer, A.H. 1194 (A.D. 1780). [RICH, NO. 3 3 2 . ]

^ W l

JjU

A religious treatise by Shems Siva si. Beg. j t

ud-Din

j jjD i o ^ t s ^ b J j l US j

The author says in the preface that in " this year," A.H. 993, being distracted by grievous changes in worldly and religious affairs, he was seeking some pious task on which he could centre his thoughts, when he found a suitable theme in the following passage, occurring in one of the treatises of Sheikh ul-Islam Muhammed B. Muhammed ul-Ghazali, ujm ^Js^J** ^ Li^Jl iij** j

Ziyi* J

Having made t h a t work his companion in the seclusion of exile, he determined to translate it as a guide to the pious. The treatise is divided, according to the above passage, into the following four Menzils : I. Knowledge of one's self, f. 3 b. II. Knowledge of God, f. 27 b. I I I . Knowledge of the world, f. 32 a. IV. Knowledge of the world to come, f. 41 b. The work is in prose, frequently interspersed with Turkish verses of the author's composition. It does not agree with any of the known works of Ghazali, but its four divisions correspond exactly with those of the preliminary discourse of the Kimiyai Sa'adat. See Fleischer, Dresden Catalogue, No. 255, and Gosche, Abhandlungen der Akademie zu Berlin, 1858, p. 300. Shems ud-Din SivasI, whose proper name was Ahmed B. Muhammed and Tekhallus Shemsi, wrote A H. 996 a mystic poem entitled Gulshen-ilbad (v. Fliigel, Vienna Catalogue, vol. iii., p. 307), and, A.H. 1001, another

MYSTICISM. in praise of Ebu Hanifeh (v. Haj. Khal., vol. iii.,p. 118). In his old age he accompanied Sultan Muhammed I I I . in the campaign of Erlau (A.H. 1005), and died shortly after. His nephew, 'Abd ul-Mejld Sheikhi, who had succeeded him as Sheikh of theKhalvetis inSlvas, was then called by the Sultan to Constantinople, where he enjoyed the protection of the Mufti San'ullah (A.II. 1008—1011). See Hammer, Gresch. der Osm. Dichtkunst, vol. iii., p. 286. Haj. Khal.,vol. vi., p. 131, gives A.H. 1006 as the date of composition of the Menazil ul'Arifln (instead of A.H. 993 as in the present MS. and in Add. 7840, ii.), and names as author the above-mentioned nephew, *Abd ul-Mejld B. Muharrem, who died A.H. 1049. A very similar, if not identical work, is described by Iirafft, No. 1541, from an imperfect copy, without title or author's name-

Or. 3292. Poll. I l l ; 8 | in. by 5 f ; 9 lines 3^ in. long ; written in fine large Xeskhi, with 'Unvan and gold-ruled margins; dated A.H. 999 (A.D. 1591); bound in stamped and gilt leather. [S. DE SACT.]

j v j i «¿w A treatise on the various classes of saints, by 'All. Beg. (read \slibo)) \jUi-1

jiLcjli-^ \

The author, who designates himself by the above Tekhallus, is the well known and prolific writer Mustafa B. Ahmed 'AH, who died A.H. 1008. See Haj. Khal„vol. iii., p. I l l , and Hammer, Gresch. der Osm. Dichtkunst, vol. iii., p. 119, No. 3. Having read several treatises written by pious men on the various degrees, offices, and numbers, of spiritual worthies, such as the

19

Aktab, the Ebdal, etc., more especially the work entitled by Sultan ul-'Arifm Imam Muhammed Pàrsâ (v. Persian Catalogue, p. 862 b), the author put the substance of the latter work into plain Turkish, and made it an offering to " the Kutb of the period, the Yicar of the Merciful, Sultan Muràd Khân B. Sultan Selîm Khân" (Murâd III, A.H. 982—1003). The work contains a systematic sketch of the hierarchy of the spiritual word. I t is divided into the following three Bàbs :— I. The Aktab, or poles of the spiritual sphere, of whom there is always one in existence, and never more than one at a time, f. 5 a. II. Saints of the next order, whose number in each class is limited, f. 44 «. I I I . The Melâmiyyeh and other classes of holy persons, whose numbers are not limited, f. 94 b. An appendix due to the Turkish author, if. 104 b—111 a, treats of the proper times and manner in which the Rijâl ul-Ghaib should be invoked. See Bibliothèque de M. S. de Sacy, vol. iii., p. 61, where the present MS. is described as " Yies de quelques hommes illustres par leur piété." The Fasl ul-Khitàb referred to by 'Âlï as his main authority differs in subject-matter from the similarly entitled work described by Pliigel, Vienna Catalogue, vol. iii., p. 421, and also from the Fasl ul-Khitab noticed in the Persian Catalogue, p. 863 6, and containing lives of the Imams. Copyist : ¡0J1 JOP ^ ^Jj

P R A Y E R S .

Add. 5976. Poll. 134; 8 | in. by 4±; 15 lines, 3 and 2± in. long; written in fair Neskhi, apparently in the 18th century. [HILGROVE TURNER.]

20

PRAYERS.

I. Foil. 1—39. A treatise by Hasan B. 'All on the magic virtues of the litanies (¿1 j i ) of Pir Muhammed Beha'i, and the various purposes which they may serve.

tains a panegyric on the reigning Sultan Muhammed Khan B. Sultan Ibrahim Khan (Muhammed I V , A . H . 1058—99), the author describes himself as one born and brought Beg. Jc. jjUllj j j i 4)3 ¿ J ) up in the imperial palace, and says that he devoted to the composition of the present giT* J? • • ' Jib work all the leisure left him by attendance on the Sultan. H e commenced it in the The Pir Muhammed to whom the litanies imperial library at the beginning of the year are ascribed is the famous saint Bella ud-Dln 1061, and completed it in a little more than Nakishbendi, who died A . H . 791. (See Haj. two years. It was compiled from about Khal., vol. i., p. 492). His disciple Hamzeh eighty works, a list of which, with the B. Shimshad, who commented them in a work abridged forms used in reference, is given entitled g i * , is quoted f. 38 a. See in the preface, foil. 10—11. The work conHaj. Khal. ib., and the Vienna Catalogue, vol. sists of three books (Bab), sub-divided into numerous chapters (Fasl), and treating reiii.j p. 182. spectively of the recitation of the Coran, of I I . Poll. 41—50. On the virtues of the forms of prayer (Du'a), handed down by form of invocation called or J k W j tradition, and of the proper performance of (a Sunni version of the Shi'ah formula begin- the Salat or legal prayer. ning ^ V

U c iU), by Sheikh jJ\

J«-

¿Jt ^jl-cJ+j]

i ^ j J

I n a long and diffuse preface, which con-

. . .

^s-j^Z,

|.W> I t

Add.

Author : 'All Khalifeh, «¿¿Li. J *

jjj

That statement, however, cannot be reconciled with the date of composition given in the preface. I t can only refer to the transcription of an earlier copy. The date of the present copy is given as follows : rr ( j \jj£

A work treating of the merits, efficacy, and proper observances of the recitation of the Coran and of various prayers.

Beg.

£»5- y » j^aM

( j Jpt-aN

23 lines, 2f in. long;

written in small and cursive Neskhi; dated 1731).

fSx+xi J

SM U-

9699.

Foil.93; in. by 15 lines, 3| in.long; written in Neskhi with all the vowels; dated A . H . 1202 ( A . D . 1788).

[HODGSON.]

21

PRAYERS. Beg.

JJ\

¡j;

j

j

The ' Book of Hours,' by Hibet-ullah B. Ibrahim.

The author, whose name does not appear, dedicates his work to the Grand Vezir 'All Beg. ... ^ « i N J*=- t ? ^ Pasha. l i e says that he has collected and explained in Turkish such prayers as have been handed down from the Prophet by authentic tradition. This work, written in plain popular style, The work consists 1. of an introduction treatis evidently intended for very credulous readers. In a long and rambling introduc- ; ing of the excellence of prayer, its conditions, tion, foil. 1—12, the author promises forgive- its proper times, and the signs of its being ness of all sins, a blissful end, and all the joys ! heard, and 2. of seven chapters in which of heaven, to whosoever shall write or read prayers are classed according to the occahis book,or pray for the author. The rewards sions on which, or the objects for which, attending a liberal treatment of Fakirs are they are to be recited. so often insisted on that it may be safely inferred that the author belonged to that Add. 6659. brotherhood. Foil. 96 ; in. by ; 8 lines, in. long ; Taking the hours of the night in the followwritten in Neskhi with vowels ; dated A.H. ing order ¡ — l . J t e U ^ l ^ , f. 125; 988 (A.D. 1580). [Sloane.] f. 305; 3. JicU,J£J._ f. 39 a; and 4. J ^ U , A volume containing various prayers in f. 43 b—he dwells at great length on the Arabic with Turkish comments, and Turkish legends of the prophets connected therewith, tracts on the efficacy of the Surehs of the the movements of angels and devils in each, Coran, of the invocation to 'Ali beginning and the rewards in store for those who wake " Nadi 'Aliyyen," and of the forty names of and pray in them. God. See the Arabic Catalogue, p. 3S2. The latter part of the book, f. 56—93, is devoted to the hours of Paradise uSjJl&U» c^i?Harl. 5467. and to a full account of the fate of souls Foil. 183 ; 5 i in. by 3.f; 7 lines, in. after death and on the day of judgment. long; written in Neskhi, mostly with vowels, Another copy of the same work in a MS. by various hands, apparently in the 19th of mixed contents, Add. 7850, is dated A.H. century. 1172. See also Tornbei'g, Upsala Catalogue, Various prayers in Arabic, with comments No. 408. in Turkish. See the Arabic Catalogue, p. 80.

Add. 5988. Foil. 59; 6 in. by 4; 11 lines, 2 J in. long; written in Neskhi, apparently in the 17 th century. [Hilgbove Turner.] A collection of prayers to be recited on various occasions, Wo.

Harl. 5472. Foil. 2 2 6 ; 3 | in. by 2 | ; 11 lines, 1 | in. long ; written in small and neat Neskhi with all the vowels ; with 'Unvan and gold-ruled margins, apparently in the 16th century. A collection of prayers, with Turkish com-

22

PRAYERS.

ments. See the Arabic Catalogue, p. 80. It concludes with a Fill i Kur'an, showing the omens to be drawn from letters found on opening the Ooran, foil. 223—226.

Harl. 3914. Foil. 123; 4 in. by 3; 7 lines, I f in. long; written in Neskhi; dated (fol.100) 8 Zulhijjeh, A.H. 1031 (A.D. 1622). Various prayers in Arabic, with Turkish

comments on their origin and efficacy. the Arabic Catalogue, p. 83.

See

Sloane 2429. Foil. 179; 3f in. b y 2 A ; 7 lines, I f in. long; written in fair Neskhi with the vowels, with gold-ruled margins, apparently in the 17th century. A prayer-book containing some chapters of the Coran and Arabic prayers with Turkish comments. See the Arabic Catalogue, p. 82.

H I S T O R Y .

GENERAL HISTORY.

Add. 7862. Foil. 475; 12 in. by 7 | ; 19 lines, 4 | in. long; written in fair Neskhi with all the vowels, with red-ruled margins, apparently in the 16th century. [RICH, No. 51.]

(Jjj* gji The history of Taberi translated from the Persian version of Bel'ami. Bel'ami's work has been noticed in the Persian Catalogue, p. 68. The Turkish version was written, according to a manuscript addition in the Berlin copy of Haji Khalifeh, about A.H. 710. (See Kosegarten, Taberistanensis Annales, p. xvi, and the Upsala Catalogue, p. 161.) A marginal note in a Museum copy of Haj. Khal., Or. 3144, f. 97b, ascribes it to a later writer jJ&^l whose

translation, divided into two volumes, was entitled Nasüh el-Miträkl ^ i U i l died A.H. 940 ; v. Haj. Khal., vol. iv., p. 258. But the archaic style of the translation points to an earlier period. The Turkish version has been printed in Constantinople A.H. 1260 and 1288, and re-printed in Bulak A.H. 1275. Notices of that edition, with extracts, by Dr. G. Rosen and Mordtmann, will be found in the Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morg. Ges., vol. ii., pp. 159—187, 285—314. See also Hammer, Journal Asiatique, 4e Série, torn., viii., p. 258, Flügel, Jahrbücher, vol. 47, Anz. Bl., p. 20, and the Petersburg Catalogue, p. 466. For other MSS. of the Turkish version, see Pertsch, Gotha Catalogue, p. 117, and Flügel, Vienna Catalogue, vol. ii., p. 103. The present volume contains the latter half of the work. I t has lost a few leaves at beginning and end, and bears no title excep t the word O ^ j i written on the outer edge.

22

PRAYERS.

ments. See the Arabic Catalogue, p. 80. It concludes with a Fill i Kur'an, showing the omens to be drawn from letters found on opening the Ooran, foil. 223—226.

Harl. 3914. Foil. 123; 4 in. by 3; 7 lines, I f in. long; written in Neskhi; dated (fol.100) 8 Zulhijjeh, A.H. 1031 (A.D. 1622). Various prayers in Arabic, with Turkish

comments on their origin and efficacy. the Arabic Catalogue, p. 83.

See

Sloane 2429. Foil. 179; 3f in. b y 2 A ; 7 lines, I f in. long; written in fair Neskhi with the vowels, with gold-ruled margins, apparently in the 17th century. A prayer-book containing some chapters of the Coran and Arabic prayers with Turkish comments. See the Arabic Catalogue, p. 82.

H I S T O R Y .

GENERAL HISTORY.

Add. 7862. Foil. 475; 12 in. by 7 | ; 19 lines, 4 | in. long; written in fair Neskhi with all the vowels, with red-ruled margins, apparently in the 16th century. [RICH, No. 51.]

(Jjj* gji The history of Taberi translated from the Persian version of Bel'ami. Bel'ami's work has been noticed in the Persian Catalogue, p. 68. The Turkish version was written, according to a manuscript addition in the Berlin copy of Haji Khalifeh, about A.H. 710. (See Kosegarten, Taberistanensis Annales, p. xvi, and the Upsala Catalogue, p. 161.) A marginal note in a Museum copy of Haj. Khal., Or. 3144, f. 97b, ascribes it to a later writer jJ&^l whose

translation, divided into two volumes, was entitled Nasüh el-Miträkl ^ i U i l died A.H. 940 ; v. Haj. Khal., vol. iv., p. 258. But the archaic style of the translation points to an earlier period. The Turkish version has been printed in Constantinople A.H. 1260 and 1288, and re-printed in Bulak A.H. 1275. Notices of that edition, with extracts, by Dr. G. Rosen and Mordtmann, will be found in the Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morg. Ges., vol. ii., pp. 159—187, 285—314. See also Hammer, Journal Asiatique, 4e Série, torn., viii., p. 258, Flügel, Jahrbücher, vol. 47, Anz. Bl., p. 20, and the Petersburg Catalogue, p. 466. For other MSS. of the Turkish version, see Pertsch, Gotha Catalogue, p. 117, and Flügel, Vienna Catalogue, vol. ii., p. 103. The present volume contains the latter half of the work. I t has lost a few leaves at beginning and end, and bears no title excep t the word O ^ j i written on the outer edge.

GENERAL

The text agrees substantially with the printed edition, but presents notable verbal differences and is generally fuller. I t begins with these words, ¡JtijyO (J-ASJ?

tJ^jJ

J

pU.

They belong to the chapter of Muhammed's birth, and to the passage relating to 'Abd ulMesih's interpretation of the dream of Anushirvan. See the Constantinople edition, vol. iii., p. 106, and Zotenberg's translation, vol. ii., p. 236. The record of the death of el-Mu'tasim, which in most MSS. forms the conclusion of Taberi's work, occurs fol. 4626. I t is immediately followed by a long and minute account of the palace intrigues which took place at the time of el-Muktefi's death, A.H. 295, and which secured the succession to elMuktedir. This account, which occupies the last thirteen folios of the MS., is much more circumstantial than the corresponding portion of the Constantinople edition, viz. pp. 199 and 200. I t breaks off in a passage recording the installation of el-Muktedir upon the throne with these words :

23

HISTORY.

and fol.155 of the preceding copy. I t ends with an account of the accession of al-Muktedir, which agrees pretty closely with the printed text. Copyist: ^UJI ^ J A ^ . 1

Add. 18,888. Foil. 254; 1 1 | in. by 8 ; 22 lines, 6 in. long ; written in fair Neskhi, apparently about the close of the 17th century. [SIE THO. READE.]

The latter half of the same work, beginning at the same point as the preceding copy, with the rubric: j\ ^ jA» lilijjjl» jSj'y I t is imperfect at the e n d ; it breaks off after the first three lines of the section headed C ^ j ^ l i - j jJJ

JiZfji.=-

J*)ji

See the Constantinople edition, vol. v., p. 146, and Zotenberg's translation, vol. iv., p. 313.

Add. 6020.

The MS. appears to have been a Vakf. The word i_ai1j or " Donor " is frequently to be seen in the margin with a seal containing the name of Isma'il Chubdar.

Foil. 7 4 ; in. by 5 J ; 23 lines, 3 | in. l o n g ; written in small and close Nestalik; dated (fol. 12 6) Muharrem, A.H. 982 (A.D. 1574). [HILGEOVE TUKNEB.]

Add. 7845.

I . Foil. 2—18. Extracts f r o m c^'iLitaJ and f r o m Ebul-Fida's history, Arabic. See the Arabie Catalogue, p. 145 b.

Foil. 378; 111 in. by 8 ; 21 lines, 5 in. long; written in large Neskhi without vowels, apparently in the 15th century.

II. Foil. 20—74. g ^ i Nizam utTevarikh, the historical compendium of Kazi [RICH, NO. 8 2 4 . ] Nasir ud-Dln 'Abdullah B. Oraer el-Beizavi (see the Persian Catalogue, p. 823 b), transThe latter half of the same work. lated from Persian, with a continuation by the I t begins with the following rubric: 1 translator. (jJ s/^UCo'j jii- o uSjf^ g.j ;' t>* JfV^^W^ ¿jijJ

Oi-J ^ j l

See the Constantinople edition, vol. iii., p.119, Zotenberg's translation, vol. ii., p. 352,

Beg. ss-d+c &)T JJ] nil^ ib jCz, J wlc 5,1

s.7-

^ J l i ? jV LS*^ J ¿jj' J^ A The translator, who does not give his name,

24

GENERAL

has preserved tlie division of the original into four Kisms. The dynasties included in the fourth are in the following order—1. Saffaris, f. 40 a. 2. Samànis, f. 40 b. 3. Ghaznevis, f. 41 a. 4. Deilemis, f. 42 b. 5. Seljukis, f. 44 b. 6. Kings of Kuhistfm or Melàhideh, f. 46 b. 7. Selghuris, f. 47 b. 8. Khwàrezmis, f. 49 a. 9. Moghuls, f. 50 a. The account of this last dynasty is condensed to a few lines. I t concludes with the statement t h a t the original work had been completed on the 11th of Muharrem, A.H. 674. The margins contain copious additions in Arabic, consisting mostly of dates taken f r o m the Kamil or Ebulfida's Annals. The continuation begins, f. 50 b, with this rubric: ^ j ^ JiA¿p. ^bo [¿«UiJJl]

SUJl

In the introduction, the translator remarks that the author, writing under the temperate and just rule of Abaka Khan, refrained for obvious reasons from dwelling on the wholesale slaughter and devastation perpet rated throughout Muslim lands by the ancestors of that sovereign. Feeling bound to supply that deficiency, the writer compileda short account of those events, chiefly from the Tàrikh i Vnssaf, and added a succinct record of the Osmanli Sultans, " who by their victories over t h e Franks, Hungarians, Albanians, Wallacliians, Moldavians, and Russians, had restored the lustre of Isiàm." H e entered upon that task A . H . 973. Contents:—Invasions of Chingiz Khan and Hulàgù, f. 52 b. Genealogy of the Osinanlis (traced to E s a u son of Jacob, whom the Turks call Kfi'ini Khan), and their rise under the Seljuks of Rum, f. 54 b. The Seljùk dynasty in Rum, f. 58 b. Chronological sketch of the E a s t e r n dynasties which were contemporary with the line of Osman, including the most notable events of Osmanli history, f. 61 a. The principal dynasties recorded in the

HISTORY.

last section are—Ghazan and his successors, f. 61 b ; Timur and his successors, f. 65 b ; the kings of A z e r b a i j a n and Baghdad (the K a r a - K u y u n l u s ) , f. 68 b, and the Bavenderi Sultans (the Ak-Kuyunlus), f. 71 a. This appendix is not brought down, in t h e present copy, to the time of composition; it concludes with an account of the taking of Constantinople by Muhammed I I , f. 72 b, of his victory over Hasan Beg Bavenderi, f. 72 b, a record of his death, A.H.886,and short notices of the Yezirs and Kazi 'Askers, who held office under him and Sultan Bayezid II, f. 73 a. A Turkish translation of the Nizam ut-Tevarikh, by Ebul-Fazl Muhammed udDefteri, noticed in Krafft's Catalogue, p. 91, may be identical with the present work. I t certainly was written about the same time ; for its author, Ebul-Fazl wrote, A . H . 975, an abridged translation of his father's H e s h t Bihisht, and his edition of the same writer's Selim Nameh is dated A.H. 974 (see the Persian Catalogue, p. 219). There is also an anonymous version of the same work, with continuation to A.H. 739, described by Hammer, No. 287, J a h r b u c h e r , vol. 81, p. 37.

Add. 7852. Foil. 200 ; 12 in. by 8 ; 19 lines, 6 in. long; written in plain large N e s k h i ; dated 23 Zulka'deh, A.H. 1072 (A.D. 1662). [RICH, N o . 4 8 3 . )

The Nigaristan of Kazi Ahmed Ghaffari, translated f r o m the Persian. (See the Persian Catalogue, 106 a). The MS. has lost one or more leaves at the beginning, and the name of the translator does not appear. The first words are « j y ^y •• r j ^ J ' J j ' Ij ' ^ i id 1 - 3 ' j J^jWP^I

GENERAL HISTORY. corresponding to the second page of the original, Add. 26,286, lines 3 and 4. The translation keeps generally very close to the text. But the translator has thought proper to assert his Sunni sentiments by adding an account of the first three Kalifs, f. 6 a, and by leaving out some stories relating to the supernatural gifts of the Imams. At the end of the work he coolly transfers to the Osmanli Sultan the author's panegyric on the Safevi sovereigns, and names Suleiman Khan B. Selim Khan as the reigning Sultan. The translation must therefore have been written between A.H. 959, the date of the original work, and the death of Sultan Suleiman, A.H. 974. Copyist; ySjjyS y j

Add. 7871. Foil. 204 ; 8 in. by ; 19 lines, 3 | in. long; written in fair Neskhi, apparently in the 18th century. [RICH, No. 44.] I. Foil. 1—126. A compendium of general history treating more especially of the Osmanli dynasty, by Muhammad Nishanji, ^jjaiii J-.*? Beg.

- \ ^ l i Mesalik u Memalik, Tevarikh i Selatln i "A1 i iijjj 'Osmari.

GENERAL HISTORY. The title is written, f. 3 a, as above, while Haj. Khal., Hammer, and Fliïgel, Vienna Catalogue, vol. ii., p. 84, call the work simply J S mi' ut-Tevârïkh. The author states in the epilogue that he entered upon the composition of the work in the month of Muharrem, A.H. 985, and completed it in the month of Zulhijjeh of the same year. His account of the reign of Sultan Murâd ends with the record of the arrival, at the beginning of A.H. 984, of the Persian Envoy Tùkmàk Muhammed Sultan, and of his subsequent departure (v. Gesch. des Osm. Reiches, vol. iv., p. 53). The last section, devoted to the Safevis, is brought down to the accession of Muhammed Khudâbendeh (Zulhijjeh A.H. 985), and concludes with the statement that Mustafa Pasha, appointed commander of the Turkish army, had received orders to march from Erzerum to the Persian frontier (v. Hammer, ib. vol. iv., p. 60). The history which the author principally follows, and often verbally translates, is the Behjet ut-Tevârïkh, which was written, as stated, f. 30 b, at Brusa in the reign of Sultan Muhammed I I ; see the Persian Catalogue, p. 884. The work is divided into five parts, ^„ï, subdivided into sections called i^/, and these again into chapters, ¡OliU, treating of single reigns. The contents are— Preface, f. 1 6. Creation of the world, f. 4 b. Description of the inhabited world, the seven climes, and the races of mankind, translated from the Behjet ut-Tevârïkh (v. Or. 1627, foil. 50—65), f. 8 b. Traditions regarding the duration of the world, f. 18 b. Detailed statement of the contents, f. 24 a. Descendants of Cain, JJ'J, f. 28 a. Kism I. The ancient kings of Persia in four Guruhs, viz. 1. Pishdâdis, f. 29 b. 2. Keyân, f. 48 a. 3. Muluk Tavà'if, f 71 a. 4. Sâsânis, f. 73 a. Kism II. Khalifehs in three Guruhs, viz.

27

1. Khulefa i Rashidin from Ebu Bekr to Husein, f. 106 b. 2. The Umeyyades, f. 115 b. 3. The Abbasides brought down to el-Hakim bi-cmr-illah Ahmed B. 'Ali, who died in Egypt A.H. 701, f. 131 b. Kism I I I . Dynasties contemporary with the Abbasides, in eight Guruhs, viz. 1. Saflaris, f. 170 6. 2. Samanis, f. 172«. 3. Ghaznevis, f. 174 a. 4. Deilemis, f. 178«. 5. Seljukis of Iran, f. 181 b, and of Ram, f. 186 b. 6. Kuhistanis or Melahideh, f. 188 b. 7. Salghuris, f. 190 a. 8. Khwiirezmis, f. 192 b. Kism IY. Kings of Egypt, Syria and Maghrib, in four Guruhs, viz. 1. Obeidi Khalifehs, f. 195«. 2. Eyyubis, f. 2025. 3. Turkis (Memluks), f. 208 b. 4. Cherkesis, f. 214 bKism V. Kings of Iran and Rum in five Guruhs, viz. 1. Chingizis, f. 219 «. 2. Timuris, f. 222 b. 3. Turkomans (Ak and Kara-Kuyunlus), f. 226 b. 4. A1 i 0§man, f. 228 b, containing the following reigns : Ogman, f. 230 a ; Urkhan, f. 235 b; Murad, f. 240 a ; Yildirim Bayezid, f. 244 a ; Suleiman B. Yildirim, f. 252 b; Musa B. Yildirim, f. 254 a ; Muhammed I, f. 255«; Murad II, f. 258 a ; Muhammed II, f. 268 « ; Bayezid II, f. 277 b; Sellm I, f. 289«; Suleiman, f. 306 «; Selim I I , f. 330 a ; Murad III, f. 337 b. 5. Sufiyan Surkh-Kulahan (the Safevis), f. 342 a, with the following reigns, Isma il, f. 343 b; Tahmasp, f. 349 b; Haider Mirza, f. 352 b; Isma il II, f. 354 a; Muhammed Khudabendeh, f. 356 a. The author's epilogue, containing a poetical description of the spring at Haleb, and a panegyric on Muhammed Pasha, governor of that city, ff. 356 ¿—360 a.

Add. 10,004. Foil. 159; 8 i in. by 5J; 23 lines, in. long; written in small and close Neskhi, apparently in the 18th century. [FBEDERIC

NORTH.]

A portion of the Kunh ul-Akhbar jU-^i ¡o/, E

2

28

GENERAL HISTORY.

a general history by 'All (Mustafa B. Ahmed; see above, p. 26 a). This work, oil which the author spent the last years of his life, was completed, as stated by Haj. Khal., A.H. 1006. But it will be seen below that some passages are dated A.H. 1007. I t is divided into four books the last of which is devoted to the Osmanli dynasty. See Haj. Khal., vol. v., p. 290, and Hammer, Gesch. des Osm. Reiches, vol. i., p. xxxviii, and vol. ix., p. 190. The entire work is found in -a Paris MS., Catalogue, p. 314, No. 94. It has been printed in four volumes in Constantinople, A.H. 1284. See Journal Asiatique, 5e Série, vol. xiv. p. 76. The Museum possesses an edition in five volumes, published in Constantinople by Muhammed Lebib, the first volume of which is dated Zul-Ka'deh, 1277. The fifth volume contains only the first portion of Rukn vi.^ concludingwith the capture of Constantinople. The fourth Rukn exists entire in the Vienna Library: see Fliigel, vol. ii., p. 241, No. 1022. Portions of the same are noticed ib., No. 1023-4, Upsala Catalogue, No. 280—282, and Leyden Catalogue, vol. iii., p. 28. The present MS. is also a portion of Rukn iv.; it contains the reigns of Bâyezïd II. and Selim I. I t begins with the following rubric : yli- ^»s? yUJu- £À5\ Contents :—Accession of Bâyezïd, f. 2' b. Events of his reign, in forty-three sections headed ¡uj'j or ¡ôjU. The first treats of the rebellion of Prince Jem, f. 4 the last of the contest of Sultan Selim with his brothers and the abdication of Bâyezïd, f. 44 a. Yezlrs of Bâyezïd, f. 53 a. Defterdars and Nishànjis, f. 58 a. 'Ulemâ, f. 60 a. Sheikhs, f. 70 a. Poets in the alphabetical order of their Takhallus, f. 75 b. Accession of Selim, f. 84 a. Events of his reign, in fourteen sections, f. 92 b. His buildings and his death, f. 131 b. His Vezïrs,

f. 136 a. Defterdars and Nishánjis, f. 139 b. 'Ulema,f.l40a. Physicians,f. 150 b. Sheikhs, f. 151 b. Poets, f. 154 a.

Or. 32. «Foil. 332; .8 in. by 17 lines, 3f in. long-; written in cursive Neskhi, probably in the 18th century. [Rob. C. Renouard.] Another portion of the same Rukn, comprising the reign of Suleiman I. eg.

^

j l i l ¿l¿.

^

In this volume two dates are incidentally mentioned as. the current years at the time of composition, viz. A.H. 1002, f. 150 a, and A.H. 1007, f. 188 a. In another passage, f. 173 b, the author refers to a detailed account of the siege of Sziget previously written by himself, and entitled Heft Mejlis (see Haj. Khal., vol. vi., p. 503, and Gesch. des Osm. Reiches, vol. iv., p. 653). Contents: Introduction, and accession of Suleiman, f. 1 h Events of the reign, in fifty-seven sections termed &JS)J or ¡ojU-, f.. 6 h The first is Ferhád Pasha's expedition against the Syrian rebels, A.H. 927 ; the fifty-seventh the- siege of Sziget, A.H. 974, and Suleiman's death. Buildings and pious foundations of Suleiman, f. 182 b. Yezirs, f. 185 b. Beglerbegis, f. 200a. Mírmiran i Derya (Admirals), f. 210 b. Defterdars, f. 211 b. Emirs or Begs, f. 214 b. 'Ulema, f. 219 b. Physicians, f. 249 b. Sheikhs, f. 251 b. Poets, in alphabetical order, f. 259 b. Some notices relating to the author are written in the margins of the first two pages.

Add. 19,508. Foil. 25; 8J in. by 5 | ; 21 lines 2f in. long ; written in small and cursive Nestalik; dated Muharrem, A.H. 1121 (A.D. 1709).

29

G E N E R A L HISTORY.

red-ruled margins; dated 19 Jumada I I . , A.H. 1095 (A.D. 1684). [ALEX. J A B A . ] " The vision of Yeisi," a summary review of the great revolutions in the world's history, presented in the shape of a dream. I t was addressed to Sultan Ahmed I. (A.H. 1012— 1026) with the object of showing that at no period of the past did mankind enjoy undisturbed peace and prosperity. The author, Uveis B. Muhammed, KazI of Uskub, and poetically surnamed Veisi, was born at Alashehr, A.H. 969, and died at Uskub, A.H. 1037. I t is said in the Khulasat ulEger, Add. 23,606, f. 226, that after the death of Baki he was the most elegant writer of the time in prose and verse. His two principal works, and , are mentioned with praise, and the latter, written about A.H. 1017, is described at some length. His life is fully toldbyKatib Chelebi, Fezlekeh, vol. ii., p. 107, and by Hammer, Gesch. der Osm. Dichtkunst, vol. iii., p. 203. See also Gesch. des Osm. Reiches, vol. v., pp. 100, 663, and vol. ix., p. 206. The present work has been printed under the title of in Bulak, A.H. 1252. I t is also included in the collected works of Yeisi published in Constantinople, A.H. 1286. For MSS., see Krafft, No. 250, Fliigel, Vienna Catalogue, vol. ii., pp. 77, 252, Pertsch, Gotha Catalogue, No. 3, ii., No. 140. The present copy leaves out the introduction, which occupies pp. 262—265 in the Constantinople edition, and begins as follows : Ji ifniil aJJlj sUiiib Copyist: ^.JJAI j o U

^

The same name is written on the page, with the owner's seal.

first

Or. 1129. Foil. 134; 1 1 | in. by 8 ; 31 lines, Sin. long; written in small and distinct Neskhi, with

o U o O isijc A general history, brought down to the close of Sultan Suleiman's reign (A.H. 974). Tljie author, who gives his name at the beginning of the 5fch book as follows, Nishaujl-Zadeh Muhammed B. Ahmed B. Muhammed B. Ramazan, died as Kazi of Adrianople A.H. 1031. See Haj. Khal., vol. v., p. 484, Fezlekeh, vol. ii., p. 29, and Hammer, Geschichte des Osm. Reiches, vol. iv., p. 600. The work has been printed in Constantinople, A.H. 1257, and in Bulak, A.H. 1258. "We refer to the latter edition. The preface contains a panegyric in prose and verse on the reigning Sultan, Osman, in whose time (A.H. 1026—1031) the work was written. The author then refers to a brief compendium of history written under Sultan Suleiman by his grandsire, Ramazan Zadeh Emir MuhammedNishanji (see above, p. 25 a), and says that, considering the great importance of a full knowledge of the history of the prophets and past kings, of various nations and creeds, and of the creation of the world, he determined on writing the present work, which he compiled from a vast number of standard books, and which he prides himself on having made more comprehensive than any previous history. I t is divided into the following eight books (Kism), the contents of which are fully stated in the preface:—I. Creation of the world, in six Babs. II. Prophets from Adam to Muhammed, in 37 Babs. I I I . Muhammed, his family and companions, in 23 Babs. IY. The first four Khalifs (Rashidin), Hasan and Husein, in 6 Babs. V. Muslim dynasties, in 19 Babs. YI. The Osmanli dynasty, in 10 Babs. V I I . Pre-islamitic kings and nations, in 15 Babs. V I I I . The diversity of languages and the races of mankind, in 2 Babs. A tabulated index of the above books and

30

GENERAL

their numerous subdivisions occupies ten pages at the beginning of the Bulak edition. The work contains little original matter. The history of the Turkish Sultans stops short at the death of Suleiman I., i. e. more t h a n half a century before the time of composition, the author remarking that subsequent events had not yet been chronicled, and that he was too young at the time to take notice of them. Little is known regarding the author's life. From an incidental remark in a notice of his maternal grandfather, Sheikh l Abd ulLatlf Nakishbendi (f. 82 a), Bulak ed., vol. ii., 2nd part, p. 138, we learn that at the time of the Sheikh's death, A.H. 971, he was three years of age, and lived with his parents in Istambul. H e must therefore have been born A . H . 968. I t appears from another passage, f. 76 b, Bulak ed., ib., p. 129, that at the time of Suleiman's death, A.H. 974, his father, Nishânjï Zadeh Menla Ahmed, then Kâzi of Mecca, composed a chronogram on that event. The present MS. contains the last three books, viz. Kism. VI. History of the Sultans of the house of Osman, containing a genealogical introduction and ten Bâbs treating respectively of the first ten Sultans, from Osman to Suleiman, f. 1 b. Kism VII. Pre-islamitic kings, in fifteen Bàbs, viz. Pïshdâdis, f. 83 b. Keyânis, f. 86 b. Eshkànis, f. 89 a. Sâsânis, f. 90 a. Kubtis, f. 97 b. Kahtânis, f. 99 b. Jurhumis, f. 107 a. Judges of Israel, f. 108 b. Kings of Israel, f. 109 b. Kings of the Greeks (Y"unan) and the Ptolemies, f. I l l b. Pagan kings of the Romans, f. 113 a. Christian kings of the Romans, f. 114 a. Ghassiinis, f. 116 a. Lakhmis, f. 117 a. Kindis, f. 118 b. Kism V I I I . , in two Bâbs. Bâb 1. Cause of the diversity of tongues and of the dispersion of nations, f. 119 b. Bâb 2. Account of various nations, f. 120 a, in 24 sections (Fasl), viz. Syrians, Sabians, Copts, Fireng, Persians, Kurds, Turks, Tatars, Chinese, Derbend

HISTORY.

(Caucasians), Russians, Sclaves, Y a j u j u Maj u j , Indians, Sindians, Abyssinians, Negroes, Canaanites, Berbers, Israelites, Romans, Armenians, Greeks (Yunan), Greek philosophers. The contents of the MS. correspond with the 2hd and 3rd parts of the 2nd vol. of the Bulak edition, pp. 1—203, and 1—28.

Add. 7858. Foil. 263 ; 8 in. by 5 ; 19 lines, 3 in. long ; written in small and neat Neskhi, apparently in the 18th century. [RICH, NO. 43.] Kism V. of the same work, corresponding with the first part of the 2nd vol. of the Bulak edition, pp. 2—158. I t treats of Muslim dynasties, and is divided into nineteen Babs subdivided into Fasls, the larger sections being devoted to dynasties, and the smaller to single reigns. Contents: Bab I. Khalifs of the Beni Umeyyeh, fol. 2 a. II. Abbaside Khalifs, f. 44 b. I I I . Beni Umeyyeh of Maghrib, f. 137b, IV. Saffaris, f. 142 a. V. Samanis, f. 143 a. V I . Fatimis, f. 145 a. V I I . Deilemis, f. 156 a. V I I I . Ghaznevis, f. 163 a. IX. Seljukis of Iran, f. 170 a. X. Seljukis of Kirman, f. 181 b. XI. Seljukis of R u m , f. 182 b. X I I . Khwarezmis, f. 191 b. X I I I . Atabeks of Mausil and Syria, f. 201 b. X I V . Atabeks of Fars, f. 208 b. XV. Eyyubis, f. 213 a. X V I . Chinglzis, f. 221 a. X V I I . Turkmanis (Memluks) of Egypt, f. 229 a. X V I I I . 'Abbaside Khalifs in Egypt, f. 240 a. X I X . Circassians (Memluks) in Egypt, f. 251 a. Beg. '¿Ua-

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Or. 31. Foil. 353; 9 i in. by 25 lines, 3^ in. long; written in small and very neat Neskhi

G E N E R A L HISTORY. with gold-ruled margins, apparently in the 17th century.

[ R . C. RENOUABD.]

A general history from t h e birth of MUhammed to A.H. 1028, including a full account of the Osmanli dynasty, by Muhammed B. Muhammed. Beg. l

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