A Simplified Introduction to LaTeX

363 20 2MB

English Pages 146 Year 2004

Report DMCA / Copyright

DOWNLOAD PDF FILE

Recommend Papers

$A simplified Introduction to LaTeX$

A simplified Introduction to LaTeX

118 14 2MB Read more

$Simplified Introduction To LaTeX$

Simplified Introduction To LaTeX

495 119 2MB Read more

$Simplified introduction to Latex$

Simplified introduction to Latex

597 97 2MB Read more

$Simplified Introduction To LaTeX$

Simplified Introduction To LaTeX

443 81 1MB Read more

$Introduction to TeX/LaTeX$

Introduction to TeX/LaTeX

630 75 65KB Read more

$Formatting information. A beginner's introduction to typesetting with LaTeX$

Formatting information. A beginner's introduction to typesetting with LaTeX

461 75 3MB Read more

$A gentle introduction to Latex 0-201-13488-9$

A gentle introduction to Latex 0-201-13488-9

488 27 950KB Read more

$Formatting information: A beginner's introduction to typesetting with LaTeX$

Formatting information: A beginner's introduction to typesetting with LaTeX

470 91 4MB Read more

$Math into LaTeX: an introduction to LaTeX and AMS-LaTex 9780817638054, 9783764338053, 0817638059, 3764338059$

Math into LaTeX: an introduction to LaTeX and AMS-LaTex 9780817638054, 9783764338053, 0817638059, 3764338059

Math into LaTeX

451 71 4MB Read more

$Math into LaTeX: An Introduction to LaTeX and AMS-LaTeX 9780817638054, 9783764338053, 0817638059, 3764338059$

Math into LaTeX: An Introduction to LaTeX and AMS-LaTeX 9780817638054, 9783764338053, 0817638059, 3764338059

A new chapter "A Visual Introduction to MikTeX," an open source implementation of TeX and LaTeX for Windows op

438 54 5MB Read more

$A Simplified Introduction to LaTeX$

Author / Uploaded
Greenberg H.J.

0 0 0
Like this paper and download? You can publish your own PDF file online for free in a few minutes! Sign Up

File loading please wait...

Citation preview

!""#$ % &'( !)""#$ + +

∼

+ ,% (''$

!

!

"#

$

! "#$ #

E

%

%& & '

(

)

*

+ ,

!

-

(

"#

& ' ( ( )

&

. ,

,

-/ 0, %'

"#

1

+

* # *

%

2 )2

(

3 4 , )

* ) "5,

!

, *

- & & .

2 -/

$

!

6/2

$

7 22

!(

!

"#

!

, "#

-.

, "& 2

!1

$

.2 ,

1!

"# ((

-

* "

!

&

%

(

!

* (

!

% (

!

($

!

(1

"# (1

/

'

%

$

0, %' * & 22 (

$

0, %' 8 2 8,2

$

0, %' "& 2

$

0, %'

$

0, %' %,, $

$

0, %'

' ) * #

)

1

%

2 $ 6+ (

0

, , + "9 - ,2

0, "9 ,

22 5, + 2 ,

* . , ) - ,2 , :6,

, ;

* . , ) - ,2 6, :,

, ;

, :6,

, !;

!

!

6, :,

, ;

!

$

, :6,

, 1;

$

1

6, :,

, $;

$

(

2 4 , :6,

, ;

(

2 4 6, :,

, (;

(

, :6,

, ;

6, :,

, ;

- "& 2

.2 4 "& 2 , :6,

, ;

.2 4 "& 2 6, :,

, ;

!

",2 "& 2 , :6,

, $;

$

",2 "& 2 6, :,

, !;

1

*

!

(

*

!

* ' ) + , 2

6+

!

22 ?"& 2 + # *

$

22 ?"& 2 + #

1

# *

)2

(

22 + ,

22 ?"& 2 % 4 - ,2

22 - ,2 )

22

*

22

7

!

5,) > 2 )2

&

$

) %

1

% @, /

(

,

6 )2

* '

-

3 4 )2

)2

22 2

!

!

#

!

, "& 2

$

&

2 = ) +

, , "9

ε

A (℄ +

"9 ) 2 A1℄ "9 ) -

" C, A$℄

2 '

0,

2 & # / ), ) # + ) , ), 2 , #

lim

ε→0+

ai +ε

ai

+ 2# 2 2

1 + (x − µ)2 dx Φ(ε)

.

. ' & 5, ) ' , 2 , C, : ,

& "9 : ,

, ' 2

;

2 D

;

1!(E % ) &

) , ) ,2

, ) , / +

2,

. ' ( ) , 2 A$℄ , ,

' ) 2 ) ' ) 2 2

,2 +

"9 : ,

;

D

, + "9 F '

+, ) + ,G A1 #

℄

ε

"9

& ) 2 + &, H I

, &

2 - &

* IJ ) 6') 6 K+ A℄ * 2 & & + "9 2 ) 2

& )

,

)

A℄

)

, 2 2 ) + "9

J , +

ε

, 2 5,

' "9 : ' "9; ' 2 ,

ε

"9

, 5, ) , "# & + ,

, ' , =, +' ' ' 5,

' 2, , ) , # & , ( , , + # '

=,

' , 2, ' ) , +, 22 . ) / 5, 2 , )

L < &) I 7 -&

#

, 2 ) , , ) - * , * 2

>C

4 7 2 ) : 7 2 ;

' ' + +'

,2

0, ' / "9 2

,N#

#

# 2 . +

# , / ), / ' .

'

, ' , , +

, ,

options℄style

⎫ ⎬ ⎭

Preamble

Body

, H , , + "9 - ,2

. 2 2 ) , )O ,2 ) H

, & ' ) ' ) & + ), ' *2 + ) *2 2 ) : 22 ); ) + . , * D 2 : 2 ); + , , ,

)

, .

, + , + 2 & )

' , "9 5, )

2 +

2 2 / & ' 2 & + ,2 4 ), ,2 * ), ) ' ), / "9 ,2P ) , / '

, 2

H

22

-% −→ 2−→D-%

:. ' )2

22

' ), ) ,

2 )

−→6,

2 22

' ';

, H 0, "9 ,

), , ' & ,, /

) ), ' ' # 2 : F 2 G; 2

'

% +

' &

, H

' 1

0, 2 , ) ' +

*2 D+ 2 ), ' ) ' H

- ' ) ,

' 1

0, + 2

0, 2, /

), ,

2 2 2 ), ' ' ' , 2 D :

' ), ' 2 ' &;

2 22 ' 4 , 2 ) 2 2

& )

+ 2 & ), & 2D

+ ' ) ), ' ' ' ),

2 ,

'

1

0, 2

2 ' ' ), +

+'

) ) ),

.+ ' ' /

, / , ) J 2 . , # ) H

:

2 + , /;

5, / 2 :

; ), & + ,

'

.+ ), , , -% ,

2 , / 2 :.+ ), + 2 '

-% 2 O

+ ), '

& # /; 8# ), ' & ' , .+ ),

& ' , '

, # & 2 ),

* 22 H

' 2 ),

2)

:

2

+ ), '

' ), 2 2 + ;

.+ ), , -% & ' 2 ' C9 A℄ + +' )2 )

0* * -% 22

), H

!" 0, ' & , + & ' > , # &

& ), / & ' 2 *

/

22 H

:

)2 ), ' ,, /

=, O ),

2 ) & / ,, + ,

; ' , + / 0, ) ) ,2 + ' ) , , # 22 '

2 & 2 , , -% : 2 ' C9; ), 2 '

+ & ) +

, ' & ' / , -% ), , 2

#

0, ' / , 2

, & ' / , ), ,

,22 4 ), ) #

, 2 & ), ,

. , #

& 2 . -% ), , "-. 22

.+ ), , '

'& ), 2, ,) & + + 2 0, , & , +

, :

+ '

+ ),;

. ' & / , +) #

), 2, , +) ,N#

,N#; .+ ), ' /

: '

' ,

) #

$%&' -% 22 ' / : 2 + # 'O , ), + & / 2;

+ > , # -% , &

% ), & ), , ) 2 ' ), & & '

&

/ :; / ' &

, "# , 22 + , / '

,

, , + ,,H C ? ?

' ? B ? D

' B'B

, H 8 , :6,

, ;

1

$ & ( ) #! $

$ ' $ $ 62

& *

' +

62

, H 8 6, :,

, ;

2 ' ' ' , + # 2 ,2 + , + # 2 ' ' +' H

$$$ "

, ' , J

+ H 2, + # % ,

/ +

,2

' ' , # 2 , )H

$$$ "

"

⇒

2, + #

/

,2

+

. /# ' ,2 ) +) # 2

(

$$$

"

2, + #

⇒

,2

/ +

* ,

#G; + 2

2H

22 : + F ) ℄ ' W 2 : + , ;

),

⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒ ⇒

e f g h i

#

!

& 2 & & , & 2

) ), ), ' ,2 ' 2 '

@

' 22

/

.

A

2&

' , , ,

& 2 / , 2 ) ' , # +

5, & + E ,2

H "& 2

),

), '

E I I J J J J

H

2 2 ' ' & + # / )

/

22

,

, '

. /

& '

' '

) VDE 2 VDD$E #

, / /

) /

+

, : F G;

+ H

),

), '

'B I D'@'K J ;

D DD$

E

D

DD$ E

, 1 ( ' . / ,

22

D'@'K I ; 'B J D'@'K J ;

, & 2 ' /# /

B

22 + 4

, 2 + / ' +'

I

C G I

C I , E I J L 9 : J J L J , J J J , , 1H , :6,

, (;

:+' ; '

/

/ '

, (H 6, :,

, 1;

! "

0, , ' )

+ ,; , ,

# =, / :

, +' H

'

⇒ !

$

!

#

22 + ' ' , =, +)

C ⇒/ !

#

$

&

+

22 ' ,) &

2 #

2 *

V' E , V/ , E V (E ' ), ' , '

4

4D

' 22 + H

# 22 +' ) '

)

) &

4

', ,

# # +

/ 2

22 '

2 ) +' #

2D

22 &

$

!

'

>' > ' > ;';

0.

* 34 5

4 6 . % " " W &V

& " " . &V

" " X &

℄

/ " /

# '( *

1

0 N ! .

* 34 8 9, ?-

! !

%

( # (

+ S ?

(% ' ? ( # ? (

% ℄ , 1H "9

ε

22 ) , & 2O

> ' ' ,2O >

.

2 2 /

, , . & 2 + &

: *8 A℄

A℄;

$ ' -

.+ ' '

+ # ' ' 2) '

'

2 2 +'H

P !P P !P

⇒

−→ −→

+

+ , ' ,2

22 ,

2 , y0 ; ∆y = −1 ' 2 H

xt = x0 ' , & 2 ' # 2 , , + # 2 ' ' (xt , yt ) = (x0 + 1.3, y0 + 1.5) .+ ' ' len = 1.3 .+

6 &'("

$

xD ' , ' 2 P ∆x = 13 , 2 . ) ' ', 15 ∆y 4

' , 2 5 # len = xt − x0 + # 2

) & # 2

5, 2 2 ,

, , D

2

=, N " ' ) ' & 2 ' /

22

,

(−.65, −1)

' .

, + 2 F +G # F G #

✻ ✛ #

✲

❄

→❝

. , F +G #

+ #

x = −.3

(−1, .5)

'

y = −.35

!

&

) 2& , + + '

(−.3, −.5 + 21 .3) = (−.3, −.35)

, + & ) V8(8KW ' 4 ' + ∆x = 1 ∆y = 0 /

' V(DW ) ' 2 / 8 ' + + ' : ; R, + + F G # # (0, −.5) ∆x = 0 − (−.3) = .3 . 5, 2, 2

2 , 22 H V8(8KW V(DW8 8' # ' & ' + 2 2 ' :

# '

;

, 2)

(x, y) = (x0 + 12 h, y0 ) ' # (x0 , y0 ) h = height . (x0 , y0 ) = (−1., −.5) h = .3 ' + 'E H (xt , yt ) = (−1 + 21 .3, −.5) = (−.65, −5) / ' '' ∆x = 0 ∆y < 0 & ) VD(W 2

) ' ' ' ' H + y 1

−.65 ' 2,

, ' (.2) 2 2 / )

, + ' (xh , yh ) = (xt , yc −yt +r) = (−.65, −1−(−.5)+.1) = (−.65, −.4) ' len = |∆y| = .4 ' ' / H 2 + 2

+ #H

+

❄ ♠

⇐ \ VD(WQ

6

. 5 1 # '

$

,D ' , '

22

' ' + ' 2 , ' +

,

&& 2 , , '

2) 4 & 2 ' ) ) 2,

+ +

y D +

xD ) + (x1 , y1) = (xc + r, yc ) = (−.65 + .1, −1) = (−.55, −1) / ' R, ' +

+

+

,H ' '

2 , )

+ #O ' ' ) + # ' ,

' ' + # =, +' ' 2

(0, −1)

'

(0, −1) , '

x = 0 len = ∆x = .55 & ' (−1, 0) ' ') ' & V(DWKK

& 5, , &

+ & . ' 2 + 2

(1.2, −.895)

(1.6, −.5)

+ 2 ' +, )

, ' 2, ) ' F2 G #

(1, −.5) ' + 2 + 2

(1.6, −.5) 8' , + ' ' .395 .4 ,

' ' & ' (∆x, ∆y) = (1, 1) ' ' / 7 & + len

+, & + & H

len = 12 (.4 + .395) = .3975. , ' +)

V(W8IPK

'

,

# , & 2 '

, &

&

5

+

% &

2

**

/ =, + ' D

) 22 =, & , +' 2 ' ) , , ! ' . # /

' W

x + 50

: J + ( ' ,

y

W ,2 + ,

;

15

2

10

4

0

5 0

3

1 50

60

70

80

90

100

I! I % I℄ % (8(IGF!8%IF!2(IF!2%IG!(IF!%IG! I%℄ V'J9@F!A:

℄9@F!':

9!F:9!@:9F!@:9F!F:

9 G! K: ( L 9!F:9!:9Q!:9Q!F:

9D! D: ( 2 9F!F:9F!:9Q!:9Q!F: 9G!B: ( H 9BF!F:9BF!K:9BQ!K:9BQ!F:

9BG!F: ( 9DF!F:9DF!G:9GF!G:9GF!F:

9DG! A: ( - , !H , + - ' < 2 +

*+ , + 2 , 2 22 / '

22

:

#@

6 &'("

1

,

22 ; /

# +' H

9 ' K I Q K J R P Q 8D 8 8K Q 8I QD QK KD

+

N % G 2 !

@ @ @ @ @

)D(RKW )RK(PDW )PD(JDW )JD(IDW )ID(DD℄

=, / )

) , ' , : ;

6

1 .

(

> , & 2 ' +'

> , & 2 ' +'

β α

/ ,

2 )2 ), &

2 & 2;

,

), ,2

! > ' & 2 ), + : ), , + +' / ,

/ : ,

, 5, ;

), ,2

:) '

' ' , ), 2,

:; " 78 9

: ; 7 & ' + ) 2H

/ )

/ 7

,

/ %

A℄;

6 &'("

(

:; 8' ' H

(15, 40)

(25, 30)

(45, 10)

(15, 30)

(35, 50) (45, 60)

(35, 50)

: ; +, H

(25, 20)

y = sin

1

π 2x

0

-1 -4 : ;

,

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

x

+ 2 ) H

!

"

!

!

(

-

* $

#

'

22 ,2 & 2 ) =, +' ) 2 ' /

) + ) ) , 2 + +' 22 ) ) O

' ) 2 & '

, ), 2 2 )

,

# 2 '

, ! 2

, , )

, ! !

: =

2 '

+ ; +)

:

/ ; &

)

,

,

+

+

,2

# , #6 H

5 / L 5

- ( $

QQD , !H , :6,

, !;

*

; <

=

11

, !H 6, :,

+ & : ;

, !;

+ 2 / +

2, /

$ '8,& "' '

(

22 # 2 +' '

+) + H

+ ℄ *

N

,

+ 2 , ,

' # 2 , ! ' '

, '

/

, !

+' H

: ;

; + *!T

?

; < ?%

=

% =>? 11

, !H *

*

*,

2 ' ' ' '

, + 2 + ,

22 ) + ,

$ '

(

J + 2 + , ! ! ' 2 &

,

3 R R . ( ( R

R (

-

$ %

%

%$! $ %

3% $ ! & F 9

! GF : , !H

& , :6,

, !;

π 1

2 = +% = (

1

: & + & ( ;

6 2

2

, ) 2)

, !H

#

=% @

& 6, :,

, !;

1

& 2 +)

,2 ) #

&

:& + ), D ; & 2 / ,

,

: ' & ), , & 2 / ; ' H

+

+

$ '8,& "' '

(

' ,

, : & '

'

, ! !!

D

+ + 2 +

, !!;

#

%

! R R % R

B A V V

AR

, !H * , :6,

, !!;

' + ,2+ 2 + )

2 & ,

&

, )

223 71

, ) ) '

, + )

' 1

, X ,2 ), )

D

+ # )

' ) 2

,2 ' ), 2 ' 2& 2 # ' ),

2

D ,J

: U$ + 2 ;

#

1

1

.

) ,

#

,

), ' + 22 2 ) / , )

# )