World Wars I & II Big Book Gr. 5-8 [1 ed.] 9781553199403, 9781553193586

Citation preview

WORLD WARS I & II - BIG BOOK World Conflict Series .................. Written by Deborah Thompson

GRADES 5 - 8 Reading Levels 3 - 4

Classroom Complete Press P.O. Box 19729 San Diego, CA 92159 Tel: 1-800-663-3609 | Fax: 1-800-663-3608 Email: [email protected]

www.classroomcompletepress.com ISBN-13: 978-1-55319-358-6 ISBN-10: 1-55319-358-6 © 2007 Permission to Reproduce Permission is granted to the individual teacher who purchases one copy of this book to reproduce the student activity material for use in his or her classroom only. Reproduction of these materials for colleagues, an entire school or school system, or for commercial sale is strictly prohibited. No part of this publication may be transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. We acknowledge the financial support of the Government of Canada through the Book Publishing Industry Development Program (BPIDP) for our publishing activities. Printed in Canada. All rights reserved.

©

World Wars CC5503

Critical Thinking Skills .................. World Wars The End of War

New Weapons of War

Methods of Warfare

• Recall Details 3 3 3 3 • Match 3 • List • Compare & Contrast • Summarize 3 • State Main Idea 3 • Describe • Interpret

3 3 3 3

3 3 3 3 3 3

3 3

3 3

3

LEVEL 3 Application

3

• Choose Information • Identify Outcomes • Apply What Is Learned • Make Connections

LEVEL 4 Analysis



• Draw Conclusions 3 • Identify Supporting Evidence 3 3 • Make Inferences • Identify Cause & Effect • Identify Relationships 3 3



3

LEVEL 5 Synthesis

3

• Predict • Design 3 3 • Create 3 3

3

LEVEL 6 Evaluation

LEVEL 2 LEVEL 1 Comprehension Knowledge

Skills For Critical Thinking

Major Battles

Background & Causes

World War I –­ World War II – Both books

• Defend An Opinion 3 3 3 • Make Judgements • Explain 3 3 3

3

3 3 3

3 3

3 3

Based on Bloom’s Taxonomy ©

2

World Wars CC5503

Contents

..................

TEACHER GUIDE

• Assessment Rubric.......................................................................................... • How Is Our Resource Organized? ................................................................... • Bloom’s Taxonomy for Reading Comprehension.............................................. • Vocabulary......................................................................................................

4 5 6 6

STUDENT HANDOUTS World War I • Reading Comprehension   1. Background and Causes ........................................................................ 7   2. Major Battles .................................................................................... 12   3. The U.S. Enters the War .................................................................... 18   4. Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points ...................................................... 22   5. Methods of Warfare ........................................................................... 26 6. Outcomes ......................................................................................... 31 • Crossword.................................................................................................... 35 • Word Search ................................................................................................ 36 • Comprehension Quiz .................................................................................. 37 World War II • Reading Comprehension   7. Why Do We Remember World War Two? ............................................ 39   8. Background and Causes ..................................................................... 43   9. Germany’s Role in the War ................................................................. 48 10. Major Battles .................................................................................... 53 11. New Weapons of War ........................................................................ 57 12. The End of War ................................................................................ 61 • Crossword.................................................................................................... 67 • Word Search ................................................................................................ 68 • Comprehension Quiz .................................................................................. 69 EZ

EASY MARKING™ ANSWER KEY ............................................................. 71 MINI POSTERS .......................................................................................... 79

FREE! 12 Bonus Activities!

NAME:

Student Worksheet

NAME:

...................

Student Worksheet

...................

Activity One

• • • • •

Activity Five Women played very important roles in World War One. As men were going to war in Europe, women stayed behind. They did many of the jobs that the men had done.

Public memorial or monument Plaques located in public buildings such as local high school or town hall Local library History textbooks Internet

NAME:

1 Europe 1914

Hometown

NAME:

Family Background

Student Worksheet

...................

Education

• Go to our website:

www.classroomcompletepress.com\bonus

• • • • •

NAME:

World War One began when

How are the ads written? What kinds of workers are needed? What are some of the adjectives that are used? What kinds of jobs are available? Which job ads catch your attention?

2A

©

Languages Spoken

Type of Government

War Details

Student Worksheet

Activity Six

in 1914.

In this activity, you will work with other students in a group to create a presentation for the Paris Peace Conference. (Your teacher will assign the groups, and will assign a country to each group.)

Use the chart similar to the one below to collect information about the three countries.

Other Information

...................

Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated. He was killed

in Sarajevo Choose either the Triple Alliance or the Triple Entente. Investigate each of the three You will write your own HELP WANTED AD for a job in World War One. Choose a job countries. other than a soldier. Use the guide to help you organize your ideas.

Battles Involved In Major Accomplishments

Now create a WANTED POSTER and include the information you have collected. Draw a Country Geographic picture of what you think your war hero looked like. Be ready to share your poster with the Name Location class.

With your country group you will develop a PRESENTATION. Every student in the group must Each of your five Fact Cards should have different information. Make your prepare drawingsaas SPEECH as part of the presentation. Each country must present their ideas for creative as you can. Be ready to display your fact cards and share your ideas withWith the your group, discuss the following: peace. class. What is your country willing to give up? What are your country’s demands? 5A What does your country believe should be in a peace treaty? ©

Additional Information

• • •

World War I CC5501

World War I CC5501

Remember: the key to creating a peace treaty is NEGOTIATION. Negotiation means being willing to give up some demands in hopes that other demands will be met. Use a graphic organizer, similar to the one below, to help organize your ideas. Try to be as specific as possible when planning your speech.

Be ready to share your Help Wanted Ad with the rest of the class. 4A

© 1A

©

• Enter item CC5501 • Enter pass code CC5501D

Then, make FIVE FACT CARDS with the information you have. Your fact cards will have two sides. On one side write an important detail or fact. On the other side create a drawing or What jobs were created because of World War One diagram. The drawing or diagram should match up with your fact. What kinds of workers were needed What kinds of skills workers needed An example of a fact card about World War One: Which companies started because of World War One What kinds of things these companies made One side: Other side: What kinds of raw materials were needed (example: wood, steel, cotton, etc.)

Look at some current NEWSPAPERS. Read the “Help Wanted” section of the classifieds. Consider the following questions:

Activity Three

War Contributions

Countries of present-day Europe:

• • • • • •

Activity Four

• • • • • •

Date of Death Place of Death

United Kingdom France Germany Netherlands Belgium Switzerland Spain Portugal Austria Italy Poland Romania Czech Re Republic Rep Hungary Hung gary gar g ary Slovakia Slovak Slova akia aki a Croatia Croattia a Slovenia Sloven Slove eni nia a Turkey T rk y Romania Roman Rom mania nia Albania Alban Greece Bosnia-Herzegovinia

Using the library, textbooks, the Internet, and talking with other people, find out about women in World War One.

Conduct some RESEARCH to find out:

Place of Birth

2 Present-day Europe

Student Worksheet

...................Think about these questions:

What jobs did women do in World War One? Had women ever done these jobs before? Where did women work? World War One created many jobs. A lot of “stuff” was needed to send soldiers to In general, how did women feel about working? war. This included uniforms, food, weapons, and transportation. Many different How did women help with the war? COMPANIES began in World War One. What happened to women’s jobs after the war?

Complete the chart below, including as much information as possible. Look at the two maps below. The first is a map of Europe around 1914, before World War One began. It is labeled for you. The second is a map of Europe today. Using theName country names listed, as well as an atlas, label the European countries on the second map. Notice what has changed and what has stayed the same. Color your labeled map. Date of Birth

3 EASY STEPS to receive your 12 Bonus Activities!

World War I CC5501

World War I CC5501

Write a five-paragraph essay, using each of the column titles as the topic of the paragraph. In each paragraph, compare the three countries. If you choose, you can present your information in a different format. For example, you can create a pamphlet. One each side of the pamphlet you can include information from each of the columns listed above. If you choose to create a pamphlet, you can illustrate your work.

NAME:

NAME:

3A

©

NAME:

• Go to our website:

www.classroomcompletepress.com\bonus

Use a chart like the one below to help you organize information you collect.

Student Worksheet

...................

Holocaust Fact Cards

Religion: Size/Location:

©

What DID it do? What CAN it do?

OTHER important or interesting details

NAME:

Student Worksheet

...................

2A

Activity Six

Consider these questions as you research this topic:

Student Worksheet

...................

Activity Three

• • • • •

• • • •

• • • • •

• • • • • • •

You can use a graphic organizer, like the one below, to help you organize your information.

people. It is also on the

• • • • •

• • • • •

Date of Birth:

Israeli flag.

Date of Death: Birthplace: Family:

© 1A

WHO was it used by? (Not just World War Two, but at any time in history)

What was the Holocaust? When did it happen? What are concentration camps? Who was involved? Major Figures in World War II Biography Activity Using the information from the chart, write a FIVE-PARAGRAPH ESSAY. Use the column titles How many people died? How could such a terrible thing happen? as the topic of each paragraph. Be sure to include an introductory paragraph. There were many important people in World War Two. Some were leaders of countries, Why didn’t anyone stop it? Who knew about the concentration camps? some were ordinary people, some soldiers, and some were villains. Who survived? You may present your information in an alternate form such as a BOOKLET or a PAMPHLET if In this activity, you will INVESTIGATE a major personality from World War Two. Some suggesWomen of World War II Poster Once you have gathered your information, you are going to make FACT CARDS.you Each card wish. Check with your teacher first. tions include: Similar to World War One, many women took part in World War Two. Women played will an have TWO sides. On one side write an important detail or fact. On the other side create a drawing, diagram, picture or symbol. The two sides of the card should match. Create SIX going to create a booklet or a pamphlet, be sure to ILLUSTRATE your work with If you are important role in World War Two, even though they are sometimes overlooked. George Marshall Joseph Stalin Charles deGaulle fact cards and be ready to share them. drawings, pictures, diagrams or clippings. Be ready to share your work with your class. Leni Reifenstahl Harry Truman Winston Churchill In this activity you will investigate the ROLE OF WOMEN in World War Two. You will need to An example of a Holocaust Fact Card: Benito Mussolini Niels Bohr General D. Eisenhower gather information to answer the following questions: Franklin D. Roosevelt Eva Braun Mitsuo Fuchida One side: Other side: How did women participate in the war? 5A George Patten George W. Bush Paul Josef Goebbels © World War II CC5502 Were women involved in direct battle? You can choose someone else but check with your teacher first. What jobs did women have that helped the war? World War II CC5502 Which women were most involved? Use the following chart to help you organize your research. You can use textbooks, library How did the war change women’s role? The Star of David is materials, interviews, the Internet, or any source your teacher has available to you. How did women’s roles change from World War I to World War II? associated with Jewish At least three other points of interest Name:

Extension Option 2 : Create an AUDIO RECORDING of your newscast for a radio show. Listen to your newscast with the class.

©

WHEN was it used? (Not just World War Two, but at any time in history)

Using the library, textbooks, Internet sources, and talking with other people, conduct some RESEARCH to find out more about the Holocaust.

NAME:

Extension Option 1 : If you are able to, VIDEO RECORD your newscast. Include diagrams, pictures and maps. View your newscasts with the class.

• Enter item CC5502 • Enter pass code CC5502D

WHAT is it? (Provide background details)

During World War Two six million Jewish people were killed. This is known asThe the Atomic Bomb Holocaust. Hitler and the Nazis believed that the Jewish people were to blame for their problems. They decided to kill Jews. The Nazis opened up CONCENTRATION CAMPS as early as 1933, where Jews were sent to work and eventually to be killed. The Nazis targeted Jewish people as well as people who had a disability, Gypsies, homosexuals, Polish people, Jehovahs’ Witnesses and Catholics. These people were targeted because their ideas and beliefs and physical defects were not “ideal”.

• • •

Other Info:

Student Worksheet

...................

Activity Four

Activity One Reaction to the War News Broadcast

For this activity you are to work in a group. INVESTIGATE how people around the world 2. Present-day Europe reacted to the news of another war breaking out. Each person in the group will choose a country. For example, Germany, Great Britain, France, United States, Canada, Russia, Japan, Countries of Italy, etc. present-day Europe: Using the chart below, for each country find out: United Kingdom Ireland how people reacted to the news of war Iceland Portugal what was happening at the time of the outbreak of war Italy France other information about your specific country such as: Albania Netherlands o language Belgium Spain o government Luxembourg Germany o location in the world Switzerland Austria o size Russia Macedonia o religion Czech Republic Poland Denmark Ukraine Country Name: Language: Slovakia Slovenia Croatia Estonia Belarus Yugoslavia Events in 1940: Government: Greece Turkey Lithuania Latvia

People’s Reaction:

World War I CC5501

New Weapon of War Essay During World War Two a new weapon of war was used for the first time. It was called an ATOMIC BOMB. The atomic bomb was dropped on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan in August of 1945.

World War One was called “the war to end all war”. When World War Two broke out, people around the world felt nervous.

Create a NEWS BROADCAST using each member of your group as a news correspondent in the country that they have investigated. Each group member needs to come up with a news report or story about their country. Be ready to share your newscast with the class.

6A

©

Activity Five

World War I CC5501

Mapping Activity Below are two maps. The first is a map of Europe around 1940 before World War Two began. It is labeled for you. The second is a map of Europe today. Using the country names listed as well as an atlas, LABEL the European COUNTRIES on your map. Notice what has changed and what has stayed the same. 1. Europe 1940

3 EASY STEPS to receive your 12 Bonus Activities!

Now use the information you have gathered to write a speech. It should be at least three paragraphs in length. Practice your speech with your group before presenting at the Conference.

Student Worksheet

...................

Be ready to share your essay or your pamphlet with the class.

Student Worksheet

...................

Activity Two

NAME:

©

Student Worksheet

...................

Activity Two Soldiers who fought in the First World War were considered HEROES. Do some research to find some information about a soldier from World War One. You might want to consider looking for information in the following places:

NAME:

4A

World War II CC5502

Education: Language:

World War II CC5502

Religion: Contribution to War: Interesting Fact: Other important details: Once you have gathered the information, create a POSTER to share the information. Your poster will:

• Be creative • Have a border • Share information in an easy-to-read way • Be accurate •

Once you have gathered your information, create a TWO-SIDED POSTER. On the front, include the person’s name and their picture. On the back, include details about his or her life. Be sure that you display your information clearly. You may consider using a chart or point form to share your information. ©

6A

World War II CC5502

Catch the reader’s attention

Be ready to put your posters up in your classroom! ©

3

3A

World War II CC5502

World Wars CC5503

Assessment Rubric .................. World War I & II Student’s Name: _______________________________ Assignment:_______________________ Level:____________

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Understanding Concepts

Demonstrates a limited understanding of concepts. Teacher assistance required

Demonstrates a basic understanding of concepts. Some teacher assistance required

Demonstrates a general understanding of concepts. Little teacher assistance required

Demonstrates a thorough understanding of concepts. Teacher assistance not required

Response to the Text

Expresses responses to the text with limited effectiveness, inconsistently supported with proof from the text

Expresses responses to the text with some effectiveness, supported with some proof from the text

Expresses responses Expresses responses to the text with to the text with considerable a high degree effectiveness, of effectiveness, supported with supported with concise appropriate proof from and effective proof the text from the text

Interpretation, Application & Analysis

STRENGTHS:

©

Interprets and applies Interprets and applies concepts with limited concepts with some effectiveness, with few, effectiveness, with unrelated details and some detail but with incorrect analysis inconsistent analysis

WEAKNESSES:

4

Interprets and applies concepts with considerable effectiveness with a variety of details; detailed analysis

Interprets and applies concepts with a high degree of effectiveness, with a variety of appropriate detail and analysis

NEXT STEPS:

World Wars CC5503

Before You Teach

..................

Teacher Guide Our resource has been created for ease of use by both TEACHERS and STUDENTS alike. Introduction

O



ur resource provides ready-to-use information and activities for remedial students in grades five to eight. Written to grade and using simplified language and vocabulary, social studies concepts are presented in a way that makes them more accessible to students and easier to understand. Comprised of reading passages, student activities and mini posters, our resource can be used effectively for whole-class, small group and independent work.

reading passage through creative and evaluative shortanswer questions, research, and extension activities.

The Assessment Rubric (page 4) is a useful tool for evaluating students’ responses to many of the activities in our resource. The Comprehension Quiz (page 37) can be used for either a follow-up review or assessment at the completion of the unit.

PICTURE CUES Our resource contains three main types of pages, each with a different purpose and use. A Picture Cue at the top of each page shows, at a glance, what the page is for.

How Is Our Resource Organized?



Teacher Guide • Information and tools for the teacher



Student Handouts • Reproducible worksheets and activities

EZ

Easy Marking™ Answer Key • Answers for student activities

STUDENT HANDOUTS Reading passages and activities (in the form of reproducible worksheets) make up the majority of our resource. The reading passages present important gradeappropriate information and concepts related to the topic. Embedded in each passage are one or more questions that ensure students understand what they have read.

EASY MARKING™ ANSWER KEY Marking students’ worksheets is fast and easy with this Answer Key. Answers are listed in columns – just line up the column with its corresponding worksheet, as shown, and see how every question matches up with its answer!

For each reading passage there are BEFORE YOU READ activities and AFTER YOU READ activities.

NAME:

Background and Causes

1. Match each of the words below with the correct meaning. You may use a 1. 4. dictionary to help you. Yes – it involved ©

1.

1

a) military

a) a strained relationship

enforced

b) invaded

• The BEFORE YOU READ activities prepare students for reading by setting a purpose for reading. They stimulate background knowledge and experience, and guide students to make connections between what they know and what they will learn. Important concepts and vocabulary are also presented. • The AFTER YOU READ activities check students’ comprehension of the concepts presented in the reading passage and extend their learning. Students are asked to give thoughtful consideration of the

T F

blamed

carried out or followed through

3

alliances

d) War T One the agreement that ended World

economic depression

5

determined

6

tenuous

7

tension

2

c)

c) borders d) disease

to find fault with

e) globally

F

e)

T

f)

T

g) not weak; not uncertain

T

h) help grow or develop g) to estimated

F

f) scarce

2. h) hoard something that adds to something else i) looting

a) invaded

8

agreement

a written record; an understanding

9

Treaty of Versailles

a time of high unemployment

10

factor

having little strength d) expensive l) expensive

j) starvation

11

2.

b)

4

b) impacted c) borders

k) impacted

e) disease 2. based on a connection similar ideas

promote

over A 200 countries B

5.

Families of solC diers, lack of money, survival, D facing starvation, shortages, etc. E

6.

People hoard F things when they are afraid there G won’t be any left H I

7

K

1.

1.

Answers will vary

1.

a) C

a) tension 2.

b) enforced

c) Treaty of Versailles

Answers will vary

b) D

d) blamed

12 e) determined

c) B

f) promote g) factor 3. h) agreement

Answers will vary

7.

Accept any reasonable J answer

d) E

i) economic depression j) tenuous

8.

Answers will vary

f) starvation g) hoard Answers will vary Try to think of THREE different ways that students are sometimes part of an ALLIANCE. Have you ever been part of an alliance?

k) alliances

e) C

2.

h) military

Answers will vary

9.

©

5

Answers will vary

Answers will vary

3.

f) C

Answers will vary

Some people have said, “War is not a way to solve problems”. What are some 8 9 different ways that problems can be solved?

11

10

11

13

EZ

3.

World War II CC5502

©

Every question matches up with its answer!

Before You Read

...................

14

World War II CC5502

World Wars CC5503

Before You Teach

..................

Bloom’s Taxonomy Our resource is an effective tool for any SOCIAL STUDIES PROGRAM. Bloom’s Taxonomy* for Reading Comprehension

LEVEL 6

Evaluation

LEVEL 5

The activities in our resource engage and build the full range of thinking skills that are essential for students’ reading comprehension and understanding of important social studies concepts. Based on the six levels of thinking in Bloom’s Taxonomy, and using language at a remedial level, information and questions are given that challenge students to not only recall what they have read, but move beyond this to understand the text and concepts through higher-order thinking. By using higherorder skills of application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation, students become active readers, drawing more meaning from the text, attaining a greater understanding of concepts, and applying and extending their learning in more sophisticated ways.

Synthesis

LEVEL 4 Analysis

LEVEL 3

Application

LEVEL 2

Comprehension

LEVEL 1

Knowledge

Our resource, therefore, is an effective tool for any Social Studies program. Whether it is used in whole or in part, or adapted to meet individual student needs, our resource provides teachers with essential information and questions to ask, inspiring students’ interest, creativity, and promoting meaningful learning.

BLOOM’S TAXONOMY: 6 LEVELS OF THINKING *Bloom’s Taxonomy is a widely used tool by educators for classifying learning objectives, and is based on the work of Benjamin Bloom.

Vocabulary

World War I –­ World War II – Both books abandoned acquiesce aerial view agencies

agreement

alliances

allies

armistice

assassination

automatic

aviator

avoid

barbed wire base

blamed

factors

borders

caliber

casualties

collapsed

colony communication conflict

culture

czar

defeated depression desperate

devastated dictator elected

determined

disease dispute economic economy

negotiations emerged

expensive famine

empire enforced estimated

fatigue fortress

frontlines

futile

globally hoard impacted imperialism improved

influence

intention

intercept invaded looting

method

militarism

mounted

nationalism

neutral

organization

parallel

airship perished poison

promote

propaganda rebuild

recovered reserves responsible

scarce military

seaborne

soldiers

support

surrender

sophisticated starvation

©

artillery

navy

submarine superiority

tactics

tension tenuous threats

treaty

trench turret unrest veterans victors

war

weapons

6

transmit transportation

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

Background and Causes 1. Write the correct vocabulary word beside its definition. You may use a dictionary to help you.

conflict colony empire

navy war dispute

tension unrest assassination

a) an armed fight between two or more countries

b) strain or hostility between people or groups of people



c) an extended struggle

d) a large area of land where all the people are under control by the same person

e) the murder of a person



f) a fight or argument



g) a feeling of being disturbed or uneasy



h) a fleet of ships



i)

land and people controlled by another country

2. Wars exist because people disagree and argue. Using your knowledge about different wars and conflicts (both in the past and in the present), list some of the things that people fight about in wars.

3. Wars exist because people disagree and argue. What are some other ways to solve problems? Try to list at least three different ways.

©

7

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Background and Causes

W

orld War One has been called the first man-made conflict in history. World War One began in 1914 for many reasons. Tension was building in Europe because countries often got into “disagreements” with each other. For example:

• Britain and Germany both had a very strong navy.

They were competing with

each other to have the most boats.



• Many European countries were trying to develop colonies in southern Africa. This led the countries to be unfriendly to each other.



• France and Germany disliked each other because Germany won a war they fought in 1870.

Getting the “isms” straight! NATIONALISM : The belief that one’s country is better than another IMPERIALISM : The desire to expand one’s country by taking over colonies or smaller countries MILITARISM

: The collection of weapons in order to prepare for war or armed conflict

People all over the world wanted other people to know how great their country was. This idea of nationalism led people to believe that their country was better than any other country. Many people believed that their country would win if there ever was a war. A system of alliances was set up to try and avoid war. Alliances were like teams. Several countries got together to form an alliance, or team. If one country got into an argument with another country, it meant a team of countries got into an argument with another team of countries. A small argument could turn into a very big dispute. In Europe, most people had feelings of nationalism for their country. Many people were unhappy because they did not live in an independent country. A number of countries in Europe were part of an empire that included people who spoke different languages and practiced different religions.

©

8

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Background and Causes

Empires were formed when larger countries wanted to take over smaller colonies and countries. This is called imperialism. France and Britain had colonies in Africa and Asia. Germany and Italy wanted to become empires and have colonies as well. Colonies were often used to make things at a cheap price. The Balkan region of Europe was controlled by both the Austrians and the Russians. Both countries wanted full control of the area which led to even more tension. All of the tension, feelings of nationalism, and difficulties with imperialism led to militarism. Militarism is the development and collection of weapons. European countries did not trust each other and they began to prepare for an eventual war. 1. Why were people in Europe having feelings of “unrest”?

STO P The “spark” that started the First World War was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Both he and his wife were murdered in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914. Ferdinand was the heir to the Austrian throne. He was going to be the next ruler. Gavrilo Princip killed the archduke and his wife because he was Serbian and he was against Austro-Hungarian rule. The murders created more tension which eventually started the First World War. 2. P  eople who study history believe that there are many reasons for the start of World War One. List three of those reasons. Use the reading passage to help you with your answer.

1.

STO P

2.

3.

©

9

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Background and Causes

1.

Circle

T

if the statement is TRUE or

F



if it is FALSE. Go back to the

reading passage to check your answers.

T T

F F

a) France and Germany disliked each other.

T

F

c) Militarism is the feeling of pride for one’s country and believing that one’s country is the best.

T T T T

F F F F

d) Some European countries had colonies in other parts of the world.

b) The assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the “spark” that led to the start of World War One.

e) Neither Britain nor Germany had a strong navy. f) World War One started in 1918. g) Alliances were like teams, with several countries making up an alliance.

2. Complete the paragraph with words from the list. tension spark war assassinated

nationalism factors empire alliances

Many ______________ led to war. There was a lot of __________ in Europe. People a

b

thought their country was the best, and that was called ______________. Some countries c

had colonies and wanted more land to build an _______________. The First World d

_________ began in 1914 when Archduke Franz Ferdinand was _____________________. e

f

His murder has been called the ___________ that began the war. Countries developed g

_____________ with each other and this turned small problems into big disputes. h

©

10

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Background and Causes Answer the questions in complete sentences.

3.

If someone asked you “What is a war?” What answer would you give that person?

4.

Many countries around the world still have a sense of nationalism or patriotism. What are some things people feel patriotic about?

5.

Do you think that being patriotic or having feelings of nationalism is a good idea? Why or why not?

Research & Application 6.

Most communities have monuments and memorials for the First World War. Investigate if your community has a memorial and then answer the following questions: Where is the memorial? When was the memorial built? Who built it? What is the purpose of it?

7.

The terms “militarism”, “nationalism” and “imperialism” can be hard to understand. Choose one of the terms and create a poster or a pamphlet to explain the meaning.

8.

Many countries around the world had colonies for many years. Make a chart like the one below and investigate three countries that had colonies. Share your responses with others in your class to see how many you can come up with. Name of Country

©

Names of Colonies

11

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

Major Battles 1. Write the correct vocabulary word beside its definition. You may use a dictionary to help you.

casualties allies abandoned

transmit czar futile

intercept defeated fortress



a) people who are on the same side and help each other



b) a place surrounded by military presence



c) to send a message over a radio wave



d) to have given up completely



e) to have lost or given up



f) people who are killed or injured during a battle



g) to take something away before it arrives at a place



h) the person who is the ruler of Russia



i) something that has no results

2. Sometimes the word “battle” and the word “war” are used to mean the same thing. In fact, they each have a different meaning. Look up each word in a dictionary. Then write a definition in the space provided.

battle: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ war: _________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

3.

How will you remember what the difference is between these words? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

©

12

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Major Battles In any argument or battle there are always at least two sides. In World War One the two sides were made up of the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente. Listed below are the countries involved on each side.

The Major Players TRIPLE ALLIANCE Germany Italy Austro-Hungarian Empire

TRIPLE ENTENTE Britain France Russia

Many battles took place during World War One. Below is some information about three of the major battles in the war.

Battle of Tannenberg August 26 to August 30, 1914 The Battle of Tannenberg was one of the first battles in World War One. The battle was named after the town of Tannenberg where the battle was fought. Tannenberg is in northeastern Poland. The battle was between the German army and the Russian army. It is considered a major battle because Russia lost to Germany. More importantly, Russia never invaded any part of German-controlled land for the rest of the war. There were many casualties from this battle. 30,000 Russian soldiers died and another 92,000 were captured. As well, 13,000 German soldiers died. The Russian army used a radio to transmit their battle plan. They thought that the Germans would not be able to intercept the message. The Russians were wrong. The German army figured out the message and knew what the Russian army was going to do. The Germans were prepared, and they defeated the Russians. The Russian general, Alexander Samsonov was so upset by the loss that he did not tell the Russian czar. A few days after the defeat, Samsonov killed himself.

1. Who won the Battle of Tannenberg? Why did that side win?

STO P

©

13

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Major Battles Battle of Verdun February 21 to December 19, 1916 The Battle of Verdun was a major battle between Germany and France. It was also one of the longest and deadliest battles of the First World War. It took place in northeastern France. The Battle of Verdun started when the German army started to attack the fortress of Verdun in France. The Germans wanted to weaken the French army and decrease the number of French soldiers. Several French forts near Verdun fell to the Germans, but the French fought hard to hold on to Verdun. The French soldiers had a battle cry of “They shall not pass.” The Battle of the Somme began in July 1916 and took some soldiers away from the Battle of Verdun. By December 1916 the French army had regained control of the area around Verdun and some of the other forts. At the end of the Battle of Verdun, close 350, 000 French soldiers and 350,000 German soldiers died. 2. Give two reasons why you think the Battle of Verdun is considered a major battle of World War One. 1

STO P

2

Battle of the Somme July 1 to November 13, 1916 The Battle of the Somme used an allied offensive. This means that allies, or friends, worked together to help each other against the enemy. In this battle the British and the French were against the Germans. The British and French armies attacked the German army along the Somme River in France. Over 20,000 British troops were killed and 40,000 were injured on the first day alone! That was the bloodiest day in the history of the British army. In October 1916 the battlefields became too difficult to use because of heavy rain. The battle was abandoned. When it was over the British and French had gained only five miles (eight kilometers). In total, 650,000 German soldiers were killed or injured, along with 420,000 British soldiers and 195,000 French soldiers. Later on, the Battle of the Somme was called “futile”. 3. Some historians have called the Battle of the Somme a complete failure. Do you agree or disagree? Be sure to give a reason for your opinion.

STO P ©

14

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Major Battles

1.

Circle

T

if the statement is TRUE or

F



if it is FALSE. Go back to the

reading passage to check your answers.

T

F

a) The Battle of Tannenberg was one of the first major battles in World War One.

T

F

b) The Triple Alliance was made up of Germany, Italy and the AustroHungarian Empire.

T T

F F

c) The Battle of Verdun was a battle between Germany and Russia.

T T T T

F F F F

e) Britain, France and Spain made up the Triple Entente.

d) The bloodiest day in British army history occurred during the Battle of the Somme.

f) The Battle of the Somme was called futile. g) “They shall not pass” was a French battle cry. h) In all of the battles there were many casualties.

2. Complete the paragraph with the words from the list.

Triple Alliance futile

allies casualties

battles Triple Entente

The two main groups in World War One were the ______________ and the ______________. a

b

The countries that made up each group were friends, or ______________. During World c

War One there were many important ______________ that took place in Europe. No d

matter which side won a battle, there were always ______________. Some battles were e

even called ______________, suggesting that they were meaningless. f

©

15

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Major Battles 3.

Explain why you think the Battle of the Somme was called “futile”.

Research & Application 4.

Using resources available to you, do some research about the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente. To organize your work, make a table like the one below. Try to fill in as much information as possible. You can include your own headings as well.



Triple Alliance

Triple Entente

Countries Involved Population Languages Religion Type of Government Army or Navy or Both Battle(s) Won Battle(s) Lost

5.

©

You have examined three major battles from World War One, even though there were many battles that made up the war. Choose one other battle and write a short summary about it. To plan your summary, fill in the 5Ws + H Organizer on the next page to help you. You will answer these questions about the battle: o Who was involved? o What was the name of the battle? o Where did the battle take place? o When did the battle take place? o Why did the battle take place? o How was the battle fought? How did it end? 16

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

5Ws + H Organizer WHO? Names of the countries involved in the battle

WHAT? Name of the battle

WHERE? The place where the battle occurred

WHEN? The date(s) the battle was fought

WHY? What factors led up to the battle for it to take place? What was the purpose of the battle?

HOW? Were special warfare tactics used? How did each side fight? Who won?

©

17

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

The U.S. Enters the War 1. Use a straight line to match each word with its correct meaning. You may use a dictionary to help you.

organized spreading of certain ideas

A

allies

a special boat that is used underwater

B

3

propaganda

the way money and jobs are organized

C

4

submarine

the way people live

D

5

economy

s omeone united with someone else for a common purpose; friends

E

6

culture

not supporting either side in a disagreement

F

1

neutral

2

2.

 ometimes countries choose not to take sides when an argument S occurs. As a student, there may be times when you must face a difficult situation. What are some reasons why you might not want to take a side in an argument? Try to think of three reasons.



1)

2)

3)

©

18

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

The U.S. Enters the War

W

hen World War One began in 1914 the United States was not involved. The U.S. wanted to be neutral and not take a side. For three years the United States stayed out of the war. In 1917 the U.S. changed its mind.

Even though they wanted to stay out of the war, the United States eventually did support one side. They sided with the Triple Entente. The U.S. called that side the allies and considered the Triple Entente countries to be friends. Not only did France and Britain have a similar culture to the United States, they were also trading partners. The Americans had a great deal in common with the allies. Many people living in the United States did not want to get involved in the war. In order to get support for the war, the government introduced propaganda. This included pictures, advertisements in newspapers and magazines, and announcements over the radio. The ads showed the Triple Entente as being strong and good. It showed the Triple Alliance as being evil and bad.

STO P

Do you think that propaganda would work? Why or why not?

Reasons for Entering the War For several years the United States did not get involved in the war. However, three major things happened that made the U.S. change its mind. 1. In 1915 an ocean liner called the Lusitania was sunk without warning. On board were 120 Americans. 2. One year later another boat, called the Sussex, was sunk. Americans were outraged. 3. In 1917, the German government sent a secret message to Mexico and Japan asking them to attack the United States. The British decoded the secret message. They told the Americans of the plan. President Woodrow Wilson asked Congress for permission to enter the war. On April 6, 1917 Congress officially declared war. When the United States joined the war it meant that more soldiers and weapons were needed. Joining the war was actually good news for the economy because more people were needed to work. Jobs were created to help with the war.

©

19

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

The U.S. Enters the War 1.  The following are multiple choice questions. Circle the correct letter. a) When did the United States become involved in the First World War? A In 1918 B After the ocean liner, the Lusitania, was sunk C April 6, 1917 D The United States did not become involved in World War One b) Who was president of the United States during World War One? A John F. Kennedy B Woodrow Wilson C George Bush D Theodore Roosevelt c) Who did the Americans side with by the end of World War One? A The Triple Alliance B Britain C The United States remained neutral throughout the war D The Triple Entente d) What did the American government do to try and get support for the war? A Used propaganda B Gave people money to support the war C Made television commercials D Visited people to discuss the war e) Why were Americans outraged in 1916? A The war was over B The Lusitania was sunk C The president told Americans to be outraged D The boat, the Sussex, was sunk

2. What are the three main reasons why the United States became involved in the war?

©

20

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

The U.S. Enters the War

3. Use the list words to answer each question.

culture allies

economy neutral

submarine propaganda



a) The United States and Britain shared this which was similar.



b) At the beginning of the First World War the United States wanted to be like this.



c) The war improved this, as many people got jobs.



d) This is a special type of boat.



e) This was used to get people to support the war.



f) For the United States, the Triple Entente were considered these.

Research & Application 4. Propaganda was used in the United States during World War One to get support from the American public. Create a poster to encourage people to support the United States entering World War One.

5. The United States believed that it had a lot in common with Britain. One of the reasons the U.S. sided with Britain was because they shared a common culture. Do some research to determine what is the same and what is different between the two countries. Create a chart or graph to show what you find out. Consider things such as:





Be ready to share your chart or graph with the class. See how many things you and your classmates can come up with.

©

•  •  •  •  •  •  •  •  • 

Language Government structure Size Population Industry Religion Currency Natural resources At least three other things

21

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points 1. Use a straight line to match each word with its correct meaning. You may use a dictionary to help you.

1

elected

The upper house of the United States Congress

A

2

neutral

The lower house of the United States Congress

B

3

Senate

Someone chosen by a vote

C

4

House of Representatives

Talks that are hoped to end in an agreement

D

5

Congress

Not taking any side in an argument or dispute

E

negotiations

The national legislative body in the United States, made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives

F

6

2.

T he government has a very big job to do. There are many different offices and branches of the government. Using the chart, try to list five different offices or branches of the government and the job that each office is supposed to do. Branch of the government

Job of that branch

1 2 3 4 5

©

22

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points n 1912, Thomas Woodrow Wilson was elected as the twentyeighth President of the United States. He was born in Staunton, Virginia in 1856. He attended Princeton, Johns Hopkins and the University of Virginia. In 1890 he became a professor at Princeton. Twenty years later he was elected as Governor of New Jersey.

I

In his early years as president, Wilson worked hard to change the way banking was done in the United States. He also spent a lot of time at the beginning of World War One talking about being neutral. He did not want the United States to take a side in the war. One reason he wanted to be neutral was because the United States was friends with Britain. Another reason was because there were many people living in the United States who were born in Germany and Austria. By April 1917 many things had changed in Europe because of the war. President Wilson asked the Senate and the House of Representatives to go to war. Less than one year later, on January 8, 1918, President Wilson presented his peace program to Congress. This program came to be known as The Fourteen Points.

Wilson’s Fourteen Points: A Summary • • • • •

An end to all secret meetings between countries and governments Freedom to have boats on the seas during peacetime and wartime Lower the number of guns and weapons in the world End to imperialism (wanting to take over other countries) Creation of the “League of Nations” Every country that was in World War One had a problem with some of Wilson’s ideas. When peace talks started in October 1918, Wilson insisted that his Fourteen Points be used. Wilson believed that his ideas were a good starting point for peace negotiations.

Why did the U.S. want to remain neutral?

STO P

©

23

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points 1. Circle T if the statement is TRUE or F if it is FALSE. Go back to the reading passage to check your answers.

2.

©

T T

F F

a) Woodrow Wilson was appointed President of the United States.

T

F

c) P  rinceton, Johns Hopkins and the University of Virginia were schools that Woodrow Wilson attended.

T

F

d) W  oodrow Wilson’s now famous speech was know as “Wilson’s Four Points”.

T

F

e) A  t the beginning of the war, Wilson wanted the United States to remain neutral and not take sides.

T

F

f) O  ne reason the U.S. wanted to be neutral was because the U.S. was friends with Germany and had many people living in the U.S. from Britain.

T T

F F

g) On January 8, 1918 Wilson went to Congress with his peace program.

b) A  s president, Woodrow Wilson worked hard to try and make the banks work the same way.

h) One of Wilson’s ideas was to form a League of Nations.

The word “negotiate” means to talk about something in hopes of

coming to an agreement. When do you negotiate? Who do you negotiate with? What is the general outcome? Think about some of the decisions you make each day when responding to this question.

24

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points

3. List five of the main ideas from Wilson’s Fourteen Points.

1.



2.



3.



4.



5.

Research & Application 4. Do some further research about Woodrow Wilson. Create a timeline of his life including major accomplishments. Try to include personal details as well.

5. Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points has become a popular speech. Using the internet or your history textbook, read over the fourteen points.

a) Working individually or in groups (your teacher will decide), rewrite the fourteen points in easy to understand English.



b) Create a poster or large sign advertising some of the ideas from the fourteen points. Be creative. Remember, you are trying to persuade others to your point of view.

6. The United States government is made up of Congress, the House of Representatives,



and the Senate. Find out who represents your area in the House of Representatives and the Senate. If you can, you may be able to visit their office to get information. Try to find the following information: • Name of elected official • Area of representation • How long he or she has been in politics • Party of representation • Government policies he or she has supported or rejected • Biographical information (date of birth, family history, etc.) • At least three other points of interest

7. Draw a diagram demonstrating how the House of Representatives, Senate and Congress work. ©

25

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

Methods of Warfare 1. Place the correct word on the line. Use a dictionary to help you.

method parallel airship

trench automatic weapon artillery

barbed wire submarines caliber



a) a ditch dug in the ground to protect soldiers during war



b) the size of a gun barrel or weapon



c) something that lies in the same direction but is always the same distance apart



d) the name given to large weapons or guns



e) a way or a plan for doing something



f)



g) an aircraft that has its own power and steering but is lighter than air



h) a type of gun or weapon that can fire ammunition at a very rapid rate



i)

wire with sharp points that are evenly spaced along it

boats that can be used underwater

2. Weapons were created to be used in battles and during wars. Today weapons are regularly seen in stores, on television, and in video games. Some people say that young people are becoming more violent because weapons are seen everywhere. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? In at least three sentences state your opinion and give reasons to support your answer.

©

26

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Methods of Warfare

I

n the First World War, soldiers used many new weapons and ways of fighting that had never been used before. Soldiers on both sides (the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente) learned new methods of warfare.

A trench, similar to a ditch, is a tunnel that is dug in the ground. Both sides in the war dug trenches that were parallel to each other. Each side had soldiers lined up in the trenches facing their enemy. Usually each side had two to four sets of trenches that were dug in a zigzag pattern. The first row had barbed wire in front and spaces for machine guns.

STO P

Do you think that Trench Warfare would work? Why or why not?

Poison gas is very harmful to the human body. There are different kinds of poison gas such as blister gas, tear gas, vomiting gas, nerve gas and lung gas. Many people living during World War One were very worried about gas attacks because of the terrible effects. As poison gas started to be used, soldiers started wearing gas masks and different uniforms to protect themselves. Machine guns are also known as automatic weapons. They are able to fire 500 to 1,000 rounds of ammunition per minute. In World War One machine guns were the most commonly used weapon. Artillery is the word given to large war weapons such as tanks and large guns. In World War One, there were two kinds of artillery. They were light artillery and heavy artillery depending on the weight of the shot that was fired. Tanks were first used in World War One. They are large machines made out of steel. Tanks are often used in wars because soldiers are protected inside. In the First World War, tanks were used when trench warfare was no longer working. U-Boat was the name given to German submarines. It was a short form for “undersea boat”. Germany was the first country to use submarines in war. Zeppelins were a special type of airship. They had a long tube-shaped body that was filled with gas cells. Zeppelins were used as bombers because they could move quickly in the air, but they were easily damaged when hit by gunfire. Dreadnoughts were battleships. These ships had at least six extremely large guns. All of the guns on a dreadnought were the same size or caliber.

©

27

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Methods of Warfare

1.

Circle

T

if the statement is TRUE or

F



if it is FALSE. Go back to the

reading passage to check your answers.

T T T T T T T

F F F F F F F

a) Tanks were first used in World War One. b) “U-Boat” is a short form for “undersea boat”. c) The Zeppelin was easily damaged when it was hit with gunfire. d) A trench is a tunnel built above ground. e) There are many different types of poison gas. f) Machine guns were not used very much in the First World War. g) Dreadnoughts were special airplanes.

2. Complete the paragraph with the words from the list.

submarines methods

poison gas tanks

dreadnoughts automatic weapons

In the First World War, soldiers used many different ______________ of warfare. Some a

of the new ways of fighting included different types of weapons. The most common weapons used in World War One were ______________. ______________ were also used b

c

because they were made of steel and were very strong. For the first time in a major war, ______________ was used. It caused a lot of damage to the human body. Different ships d

were also used. ______________ had many large guns attached to them. ______________ e

f

were also used because they could travel beneath the water.

©

28

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Methods of Warfare 3.

Why do you think people were so afraid of poison gas attacks? Give some evidence from the reading passage in your answer.

Research & Application 4. Being a soldier in World War One was a very difficult job. Do some research to find

out what life was like on the frontlines at that time. You can use books, Internet resources, and personal interviews for your research. Write a one-page journal entry from the viewpoint of a soldier.

5.

Trench warfare can be hard to understand. Draw two diagrams to demonstrate what a trench looked like. The first diagram should be from an aerial view, or what the trenches might have looked like if viewed from above. The second diagram Most communities have monuments and memorials for the First World War. Investi6. should be what you think a trench would look like if you were standing in it. gate if your community has a memorial and then answer the following questions:

6.

A study organizer, such as a chart or concept map, can help you to organize ideas. Using the Concept Map on the next page, organize the information you have learned about methods of war in World War One from the reading passage. This may be helpful later when you need to study for a test.

7.

Airplanes played a role in World War One. Conduct some research to find out about different aircraft that were used. Create a poster or pamphlet outlining some of the different ways airplanes were used in World War One.

8.

Find out where the name Zeppelin came from. Write a short paragraph to explain your findings.

©

29

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Concept Map IDEA OR DEFINITION CONCEPT

WHAT IT WAS USED FOR

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Trench

Poison gas

Machine guns

Artillery

Tanks

U-boats

Zeppelins

Dreadnoughts

©

30

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

Outcomes

1. Use a straight line to match each vocabulary word with its correct meaning. Use a dictionary to help you.

©

1

armistice

2

treaty

3

responsible

4

collapsed

5

organization

6

being accountable for something

A

reduced to ruin

B

a group of people who come together for a reason

C

a pause in fighting that both sides agree to

D

to help grow or develop

E

intention

a formal agreement

F

7

promote

broken down completely

G

8

devastated

an intended goal

H

2.

“There are no winners in war, only losers.” What do you think this quote means? Do you agree or disagree? Why?

3.

“Even when the war over, the wounds still exist.” What do you think this quote means?

31

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Outcomes World War One fighting stopped in November 1918 after an armistice was signed in France. The fighting ended on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month in 1918. Six months later, an official peace treaty was signed. It was called the Treaty of Versailles. The treaty was signed at the Paris Peace Conference. The Treaty of Versailles had many details in it. One important part in the treaty stated that Germany was responsible for starting the war. Germany also had to pay a lot of money to different countries. Germany signed the Treaty, but many people in Germany were upset. They did not want to be blamed for the war.

 Major Outcomes of the Treaty of Versailles

• Germany gave some of its land to surrounding countries



• Germany gave up all of its colonies in Africa



• Germany was only allowed to have a small military 3. M  any soldiers fought in World War One because they believed it was the right thing to do. Can you think of a cause that you would be willing to fight for? What are some causes that you feel strongly about?

STO P In 1920, the Allies created an organization called the League of Nations. Its headquarters were in Geneva, Switzerland. The purpose of the group was to promote peace. The idea first came from President Woodrow Wilson in 1918. Many countries joined the League but the United States did not. The League had many good intentions but it accomplished very little. By 1946 the League of Nations no longer existed. The United Nations, now headquartered in New York City, is largely seen as the “new” League of Nations. World War One had considerable casualties. Close to 10 million people died and over 20 million people were injured. Several countries in Europe collapsed because of the cost of war. Governments changed as did some of the borders. Many countries were devastated after the war. Land was ripped apart and buildings were destroyed. A lot of money had been spent on the military and many countries were poor. The United States assisted the Allies in the war and helped create the League of Nations. As a result, the United States became a strong world power. The United States became one of the most wealthy and powerful countries in the world. ©

32

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Outcomes

1.     The following are multiple choice questions. Circle the correct letter. a) The fighting stopped in World War One: A In Germany B On Memorial Day C On November 11, 1918 D After the Treaty was signed b) Where was the official peace treaty signed? A In the United States B At the Paris Peace Conference C At the United Nations D At the League of Nations in Geneva c) The Treaty of Versailles stated that Germany had to: A Give up some land to other countries B Give up its large military and only have a small one C Give up all its colonies in Africa D All of the above E None of the above d) The purpose of the League of Nations was to: A Gather all countries of the world together B Create new laws C Start the United Nations D Promote peace so that war would not happen again e) One outcome of the war was that: A The United States became very powerful B Borders did not change C Governments remained the same D All of the above E None of the above

2.

©

What is the difference between an armistice and a treaty?

33

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Outcomes



3. Circle T if the statement is TRUE or F if it is FALSE. Go back to the reading passage to check your answers.

T

F

a) The Treaty of Versailles said that Germany was responsible for World War One.

T T T

F F F

b) The Treaty of Versailles was signed in 1918.

T T T

F F F

e) Both sides had many people killed in World War One.

c) An armistice and a treaty are the same thing. d) Many people in Germany were upset that the war was blamed on them. f) The Allies created the League of Nations. g) The United States belonged to the League of Nations.

Research & Application 4. The League of Nations was created to promote peace. The organization was replaced with the United Nations in 1946. Conduct some research to find out what was similar and what was different between the two organizations. Use a Venn Diagram like the one below to show what you found out.

5. World War One was called “The War to End All Wars”. Of course, many wars have taken place since then. Create a poster to try and promote peace. Try to include a catchy slogan or saying.

©

34

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

.

Crossword Puzzle! Across

1

1. A ditch dug in the

2

3

ground to protect soldiers at war

4 5

5. Someone chosen by a vote 8. A pause in fighting that both sides agree to

6 7

9. The murder of a person

8

11. To help grow or develop 13. Strain between people or groups of people 14. Not taking any side in an argument or dispute

9

10

15. A fleet of ships 16. A formal agreement

11

12

13

Down 2. The way people live

3. Land and people controlled by another country 4. Talks that are hoped to end in an agreement

14

15

16

6. People who are on the same side and help each other 7. Boats that can be used underwater 10. The name given to large weapons or guns 12. The way money and jobs are organized

©

35

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Word Search Find all of the words in the Word Search. Words are written horizontally, vertically, diagonally, and some are even written backwards. A

B

C

C

D

S

P

E

F

G

H

I

Y

K

C

M

I

N

O

P

E

O

Q

N

R

Y

E

R

C

V

S

O

T

N

N

U

W

X

L

L

P

O

O

T

Y

N

A

U

N

Z

T

O

L

A

B

C

E

L

I

I

P

A

D

N

I

F

L

E

I

E

F

G

D

O

C

A

H

T

A

E

N

M

L

R

N

T

L

K

J

I

E

P

T

P

S

A

G

R

Q

I

R

T

A

L

U

S

T

U

N

D

E

S

R

I

A

T

C

C

I

Z

A

M

A

R

B

A

O

E

D

E

I

T

N

T

I

O

I

R

J

K

B

M

E

N

D

F

G

D

A

O

D

H

N

N

A

T

S

R

Q

U

P

O

N

A

C

F

C

G

A

S

A

P

B

C

F

G

H

I

S

J

A

K

R

L

M

E

N

G

A

R

T

I

L

L

E

R

Y

O

B

D

V

M

B

N

R

E

S

P

O

N

S

I

B

L

E

B

A

C

B

D

I

O

Y

N

X

Y

S

D

O

H

T

E

M

J

F

L

M

C

N

S

E

T

I

M

S

N

A

R

T

O

P

Q

U

X

L

Y

A

U

T

A

C

B

N

O

P

O

R

S

T

U

T

S

D

I

T

S

G

I

H

M

L

N

M

E

D

C

B

A

I

G

H

R

E

R

U

W

C

O

L

O

N

Y

K

L

M

N

L

G

A

H

I

S

J

A

K

E

R

L

M

N

Q

S

T

V

E

L

F

U

K

H

F

C

L

P

H

C

N

E

R

T

B

C

E

F

G

K

F

D

E

T

A

T

S

A

V

E

D

A

B

D

U

C

E

C

O

N

O

M

Y

A

I

R

A

D

C

B

W

X

A

X

D

F

W

N

M

P

O

E

W

E

V

X

B

Y

O

Y

W Q X V D G H I J K L M S N O P Q R

©

submarine airship

navy

conflict

economy

armistice

colony

devastated

culture

organization

casualties

transmit

elected

promote

allies

abandoned

neutral

artillery

futile

methods

negotiations

treaty

collapsed

responsible

trench

intentions

propaganda parallel

36

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Comprehension Quiz 1. Circle

T

if the statement is TRUE or

F

30

if it is FALSE.

T

F

a) World War One began in 1914 for many reasons.

T

F

b) Imperialism is the belief that one’s country is better than another.

T T T T

F F F F

c) The Triple Alliance was made up of Britain, France and Russia.

T

F

g) Zeppelins were a special type of airship.

T

F

h) The fighting stopped on November 11, 1918.

d) The Battle of the Somme was called “futile”. e) The Americans sided with the Triple Alliance. f) Woodrow Wilson wanted a League of Nations.

2. Complete the paragraph with words from the list. There will be six words left over.

8

casualties assassination Triple Alliance tension

money Triple Treaty neutral 1918

Germany 1914 armistice battles



10

Fourteen Points United States Treaty of Versailles Triple Entente

The spark that started World War One was the _________________ of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. a

There was a lot of _______________ in Europe because countries were arguing with each b

other. Two sides emerged. One side was called the ___________________. The other side was c

the _____________________. Fighting started in ______________. There were many e

d

__________________ because of the fighting. President Woodrow Wilson wanted the United f

States to remain ______________. He even presented a peace program to Congress called the g

____________________. Eventually the United States became involved in the war. Fighting h

involved many different weapons and methods. In the end, ____________ was blamed for i

World War One. The ________________________ signaled the official end to the war and the j

United States became a strong world power.

©

37

SUBTOTAL:

/18

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Comprehension Quiz Answer the questions in complete sentences.

3.

What is the difference between nationalism, imperialism and militarism?

3

4.

Choose one of the battles discussed in this unit (Battle of Tannenberg, Battle of Verdun or Battle of the Somme). Describe what happened in that battle.

3

5.

Describe what it means to be neutral.

1

6.

In the First World War, many different methods were used in fighting. Many different weapons were also used. Choose two methods or weapons of war. Explain how each was used in World War One.

4

Explain what the League of Nations was supposed to do.

1

7.

SUBTOTAL: ©

38

/12

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

Why Do We Remember World War Two? 1. Match each of the words below with the correct meaning. invade

expensive

impact

globally



scarce

military

hoard

disease

looting

border

estimate

starvation

a) the armed forces of a country



b) to enter and take over in hopes of getting something



c) a boundary of a country

d) something that does not let part of the body work correctly

e) includes the whole world



f) not very many of something; few



g) a guess to determine an amount close to a number



h) a hidden supply that may be stored



i) stealing



j) suffering or dieing because of lack of food



k) to have a strong effect or influence on something



l) having a high price

2. World War Two is one of the most talked about events in world history. What do you already know about this war? Try to list at least FIVE things.

©

39

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Why Do We Remember World War Two? orld War Two began when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. For the second time in twenty-seven years the world was at war. Many people thought it was not possible to have another world war. World War One was known as “the war that will end war”. World War Two was a terrible, expensive, and tragic war.

W

STO P

World War One was called “the war that will end war”. Why do you think another major war happened so soon after World War One?

World War Two lasted six years. Over 200 countries were involved. Many of these countries had soldiers fighting in battles. Other countries had land taken and their borders changed. The war was fought on the seas, on the land, and in the skies. Battles were fought on the Mediterranean Sea, and the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. On land, battles were fought in the Soviet Union, North Africa, Western Europe, and in the Far East. The war impacted people all over the globe. Fifty-five million people died in battles and conflicts all over the world. The war affected the lives of almost three quarters of the earth’s population. The war caused a great deal of harm. People were killed and injured. Property and possessions were destroyed and damaged. The estimated cost of the damage was close to three billion dollars globally. In World War Two, many people died from the fighting. Numerous people also lost their lives because of starvation and disease. Countries were spending a lot of money on their military and had no money left for other public services. For example, in some places there were no police officers to help keep control. People ended up looting stores and committing crimes with very little punishment. There was also a lack of medical care. Doctors and nurses were needed to look after injured people. Food also became scarce. Stores had few items to buy. People became scared and tried to hoard whatever they could. World War Two is one of the most important events in history. It is also one of the most studied world events. Many people believe that students must know what happened to ensure that such terrible events never happen again. If people can learn from the mistakes of the past, they can help to make the future better.

©

40

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Why Do We Remember World War Two?



1. Circle T if the statement is TRUE or F if it is FALSE. Go back to the reading passage to check your answers.

T T T T T T T T

F F F F F F F F

a)   During World War Two people died from starvation. b)   World War Two is not a well-known part of world history. c)   World War Two battles were only fought on land. d)   The war started on September 1, 1939. e)   People all over the world were impacted by World War Two. f)   Very little money was spent on public services. g)   People were scared because there was little food to buy. h)   The estimated cost of damages was almost six billion dollars.

    2. Use the following words to fill in the blanks.

starvation invaded borders disease impacted military hoard expensive Germany ______________ Poland in 1939. This started World War Two. The war a

lasted six years and ______________ many people. Some countries had their b

______________ change as the war was fought on the land, on the seas and in c

the air. The war was very ______________. It cost a lot of money and it cost many d

lives. Over 55 million people died in battles, but people also died because of ______________ and ______________. People started to ______________ food e

g

f

because there wasn’t very much of it. So much money was spent on the ______________ that there was little money left for public services. h

©

41

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Why Do We Remember World War Two? 3. Did World War Two really involve the whole world? Explain your answer.

4. Explain how people who were not soldiers were affected by the war.

5. Do you think that people today hoard things? When do people hoard? Why do people hoard things?

Research & Application 6. W  orld War Two battles were fought in the Soviet Union, North Africa, Western Europe

and in the Far East. Do some research to find out where the Far East is. You can use an atlas to help you. Write a short paragraph explaining where the Far East is.

7. a  ) Some soldiers who fought in World War Two are still alive. These people are called

veterans. Veterans have a lot of knowledge about the war. Create a page of interview questions that you would ask a veteran if you could. Include ten to fifteen questions that you would like to know the answers to. Be ready to share your questions with your classmates. b) Find out if there are any soldiers from World War Two living in your community. You may be able to get some information from the Veteran’s Association. If you can, contact a World War Two soldier and interview him using the questions you developed in Part a above. Be ready to present your answers to the class.

8. W  ar has many negative impacts on people. Even today there are many countries

that have soldiers at war. Come up with a slogan that could be used to encourage countries not to go to war. Use your slogan to create a poster or pamphlet explaining how war can impact people. If you can, put your poster up in your classroom.

©

42

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

Background and Causes

1. Match each of the words below with the correct meaning. You may use a dictionary to help you. 1

enforced

a strained relationship

A

2

blamed

carried out or followed through

B

3

alliances

the agreement that ended World War One

C

4

economic depression

to find fault with

D

5

determined

not weak; not uncertain

E

6

tenuous

to help grow or develop

F

7

tension

something that adds to something else

G

8

agreement

a written record; an understanding

H

9

Treaty of Versailles

a time of high unemployment

I

10

factor

having little strength

J

11

promote

a connection based on similar ideas

K

2. Try to think of THREE different ways that students are sometimes part of an ALLIANCE. Have you ever been part of an alliance?

3. Some people have said, “War is not a way to solve problems”. What are some different ways that problems can be solved?

©

43

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Background and Causes

The Second World War began in 1939. There are many reasons why war broke out less than 30 years after the end of World War One. The Treaty of Versailles was the agreement that many countries signed to officially end World War One. The problem was that the treaty was never enforced fully. Many countries were afraid that if they tried too hard to keep all of the agreements in the Treaty of Versailles, that it would just lead to another war. Although there was peace in Europe after World War One, it was a tenuous peace. This means that the peace was weak, and that there was a good chance that it would not last. 1. The Treaty of Versailles was signed to end World War One.

P STO

Why do you think people were afraid to enforce it?

The League of Nations was a group of countries who joined together after World War One. The idea of a League of Nations came from President Woodrow Wilson in 1918. Many countries joined the League to try and promote peace; however, the United States did not. Germany was blamed for much of World War One. Many people in Germany were very angry about this. Some Germans were determined to get revenge for being blamed for the first war. Another factor that led to the Second World War was the economic depression that had spread through much of Europe. Many people had lost their jobs and were poor. Stores did not have many items to purchase, and many people were scared about the future. People in Europe began to feel desperate for help. They started to believe leaders who promised change. They began to hope that things would get better for them. Leaders who were dictators became very popular. Dictators were people who ruled a country with complete authority. They did not need permission from anyone to do whatever they wanted. Some dictators of stronger countries started to take over weaker countries. 2. Why would people believe dictators? Explain your answer.

STOP ©

44

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Background and Causes In Europe there was also a rise in nationalism and militarism. Nationalism is the belief that one’s country is better than another. Several countries in Europe believed strongly in nationalism. Militarism is the collection of weapons in order to prepare for war. Even though Europe had just come out of World War One, some countries started to collect weapons again. Feelings of nationalism and militarism led to more tension in Europe.

3. There were many factors that led to the start of World

War Two. List FIVE reasons why this war began.

1.  2. 

P STO

3.  4.  5.  

Many nations were involved in World War Two. The countries formed two major alliances. One group was called the Axis and the other was called the Allies. Germany, Italy and Japan made up the Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis. Germany was seen as having power over most of central Europe. Italy was seen as having power over the Mediterranean area. Japan was seen as having power over Eastern Asia and the Pacific area. The Allies were the United Kingdom, France and Poland. The number of countries who joined the Allies grew steadily once war broke out in 1939. Other countries who became an important part of the Allies included the United States, Canada and Russia.

©

Countries making up the Axis

Countries making up the Allies

Germany Japan Italy

United Kingdom France Poland United States Canada Russia 45

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Background and Causes

1.  The following are multiple choice questions. Circle the correct letter. a)

Who was blamed for World War One? A The United States B The Axis C Germany D The League of Nations

b)

What is a dictator? A Someone who is elected B The President C Anyone who is part of the government D Someone who rules with complete authority

c)

What countries were part of the Allies? A United Kingdom, France and Germany B United States, Poland, France, United Kingdom, Canada, and Russia C United States, Italy, Canada and France D None of the above

d) Some of the factors that led to World War Two include: A Rise in militarism and nationalism B Economic depression C Failure of the Treaty of Versailles D People trusting dictators E All of the above F None of the above e)

What countries were part of the Axis? A Italy, France, Germany B Japan, Germany and the United States C Germany, France and Japan D Germany, Italy and Japan E None of the above

f)

Why did the Treaty of Versailles fail? A No one knew what it was about B People couldn’t understand French C The Treaty was not enforced D People forgot about the Treaty

©

46

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Background and Causes 2. Use the words in the box to answer each question.

tenuous factor

tension blamed promote determined



a) This developed between European countries as countries tried to be better than any other country.



b) Many countries did this to Germany, believing that World War One was their fault.



c) The League of Nations was meant to do this with peace in Europe.



d) This means that something has very little strength, much like the peace in Europe after World War One.



e) There were many of these that added to the problems in Europe that led to World War Two.



f) Some people in Germany felt this way, that they wanted revenge for being blamed for World War One.

Research & Application 3.  One factor that led to World War Two was the economic depression in Europe. Conduct some research to gather more information about what an economic depression is. You may use any resources your teacher has (books, the internet, library resources, etc.) Create a poster to explain what the economic depression was and how it affected people in Europe.

4.  Do some research on the Axis countries to find out what was similar and what was different about them. Consider the following: •  Language •  Religion •  Location •  Currency •  Population •  Government •  Size •  At least three other factors Use the Venn Diagram like the one on the right to help you organize your information.

©

47

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

Germany’s Role in the War 1. Match each of the words below with the correct meaning. You may use a dictionary to help you. 1

recover

people who originally came from India to Europe; people who live a wandering type of life

a

2

propaganda

clothing worn by a specific group of people

b

3

avoid

to restore to a normal state

c

4

gypsies

a planned action for a particular purpose

d

5

ultimatum

agreement to something

e

6

tactic

a demand, that if rejected means the end of peace

f

7

uniform

to make known openly or officially

g

8

declare

to keep from happening

h

9

support

organized spreading of certain ideas

i

2. The word ACQUIESCE means to give in to something, to accept something, and to go along with something. What are some things that you might acquiesce to? When have you gone along with something?

©

48

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Germany’s Role in the War

A

fter the First World War,people in Europe were unsure what they should do. The Treaty of Versailles did not promote peace. Many Germans were upset about

being blamed for the war. The economic depression made many people feel desperate. In Germany, people began to put their hope in a fascist group called the Nazi Party. Many people voted for the Nazis to rule Germany. The Nazis promised people jobs, increased services, and a better military. In 1933, Adolf Hitler became the leader of Germany. He was a very good public speaker. People listened to him. People believed in him. Hitler used propaganda to get people to agree with him. He explained to

the

Germans

that

they

were

being

treated

unfairly. Hitler told the Germans that Jewish people and Gypsies should be blamed for their problems. Hitler’s goal was to destroy people he called “less worthy”. He also wanted Germany to have more land. He told Germans that it was Germany’s right to take land that had German-speaking people living on it. He said that Germany needed more “living space”. Hitler successfully took over two countries to get more space, without starting a war. On March 13, 1938 Germany took over Austria even though the Treaty of Versailles said that this was not allowed. In September of 1939, France and Britain agreed to give some of the land in Czechoslovakia to Hitler. By March of 1939, Hitler had taken all of it. Great Britain and France did not want another war. They had lost many soldiers and a lot of money in World War One. People in Great Britain and France had not recovered from World War One. There was little support for another war. For these reasons, Britain and France did not put up a fight against Hitler. They believed that they could avoid war if they gave in to Hitler. They thought that giving Austria and Czechoslovakia to Hitler would make him happy. What France and Great Britain did not understand was that Hitler wanted much more land.

©

49

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Germany’s Role in the War

STO P

Why was Hitler allowed to take over Austria and Czechoslovakia? Why didn’t anyone stop him?

Hitler believed that he could continue taking over different countries. Austria and Czechoslovakia had already been given to him. Hitler wanted to take over Poland as well, but he did not want to fight with the Soviet Union. Hitler, being very clever, made a deal with the Soviets before he invaded Poland. The deal meant that the Soviet Union would support Germany. On August 31,1939, Nazi officers took an unknown prisoner from one of their camps and dressed him up in a Polish uniform. They took him to a small town near the border of Poland and Germany and shot him. This made it look like Poland was attacking Germany. Hitler used this fake attack as an excuse to invade Poland the next day, September 1, 1939. In order to make a quick attack, the Germans used a war tactic called “Blitzkrieg”. This is a German word that means “lightening war”. It was called Blitzkrieg because the attacks were very big and very sudden. The Germans attacked Poland quickly, using 1.8 million German soldiers and over 2,000 aircraft. Bridges, roads and air strips were bombed. Groups of Polish soldiers on the ground were attacked by machine gunfire from the air.

The word BLITZKRIEG means lightening war. This term was first used by a North American newspaper reporter. He used it to try and explain to readers how fast and terrible the German attack was on Poland. On the same day as the attack on Poland, Great Britain and France sent Hitler an ultimatum. They told Hitler that if he did not stop attacking Poland, Great Britain and France would go to war against Germany. Two days later, on September 3, 1939, France and Great Britain declared war on Germany. World War Two had begun.

©

50

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Germany’s Role in the War 1. Below  is a list of events that took place leading up to World War Two.

Put the events in order in which they occurred. Place a one on the line for the first event, a two for the second event, etc. Go back to the reading to check your answers.



a)



b) March 1939, Hitler takes over all of Czechoslovakia.



c)  France and Great Britain agree to give some of Czechoslovakia to Hitler.



d) Great Britain and France issue an ultimatum to Hitler.



e) August 31, 1939, a prisoner dressed like a Polish soldier is shot on the border of Poland and Germany.



f) In 1933, Adolf Hitler becomes the leader of Germany.



g) Hitler makes a deal with the Soviet Union.



h) People in Germany begin to put their hope in the Nazi Party.



i)



j) Hitler invades Poland.



k) People in Europe are unsure what to do.



l)

©

World War Two begins on September 3, 1939.

Germany takes over Austria.

Blitzkrieg attacks take place in Poland. 51

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Germany’s Role in the War

2.

In your own words, explain what Blitzkrieg is.

3.

Why do you think people voted for someone like Hitler?

Research & Application 4. H  itler made an agreement with the Soviet Union before he invaded Poland.

The agreement was called the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact. Do some research to find out what this pact was about. Use the 5W+H Chart below to help you organize your ideas.

Who:

Names of countries involved in the pact

What: Name of the agreement and key details of what the agreement was about Where: The place where the agreement was signed, and the places that were affected by it When: The date(s) the agreement was to go into effect and the date it was signed Why: What factors led up to pact being created and signed? Why was it agreed upon? How:

How did the agreement work?

5. T here was a lot happening in Europe leading up to World War Two.

What was happening in the United States during this same time period? Using resources that are available to you, find out what life was like in the United States in the 1930s. Put yourself in the place of an American living in the U.S. in the 1930s and write a diary entry about what your life is like. Try to include things such as employment, the government, news from Europe, etc. Be ready to share your diary entry with the class.

©

52

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

Major Battles 1. Match each of the words below with the correct meaning. You may use a dictionary to help you.

1

neutral

carried by ship over the sea

A

2

aviator

a place where the military keeps supplies and equipment, where soldiers stay

B

3

seaborne

a warship with a deck so that airplanes can land and take off

C

4

surrender

people who are killed or injured during a battle

D

5

casualties

a pilot of an airplane

E

6

aircraft carrier

not supporting either side in a disagreement

F

7

base

to give over to someone else

G

2. Being NEUTRAL means not taking a side in an argument. Can you think of a time when you have been neutral in an argument? Why would you want to be neutral?

©

53

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

Major Battles

There were many battles fought during World War Two. Each one had casualties, and all caused damage. Three of the major battles are described below.

The Battle of Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 As in World War One, the United States remained neutral for the first part of the Second World War. That changed when the American military base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii was attacked at 7:55 a.m. on December 7, 1941. Pearl Harbor was home for almost 50,000 American troops. It was the biggest American base in the Pacific region. The Japanese military attacked Pearl Harbor from the coast off of the island of Oahu. Japan’s goal was to cause as much damage as possible. They especially wanted to damage battleships, aircraft carriers and airplanes on the ground. The attack was sudden. Hundreds of Japanese airplanes attacked the American base, damaging many American ships and airplanes. The Americans fought back. The attack was over in less than two hours. Close to 2,500 people lost their lives. This battle was the start of war between Japan and the U.S.

The Battle of Midway June 4 to June 7, 1942 The Battle of Midway has been called a “turning point” in World War Two. The battle occurred six months after the attack on Pearl Harbor. It took place on the Midway Islands, northwest of Hawaii. The U.S. defeated Japan by destroying several large ships and aircraft carriers. Losing the Battle of Midway was terrible for the Japanese. They were not fighting to take over U.S. territory; they just wanted more control in the Pacific region. They thought that if they took the Midway Islands, the U.S. would not have power and that the Japanese could gain control. Japan lost many boats and aircraft, as well as aviators to operate the airplanes during the battle. As a result, the United States was able to gain control of that area of the Pacific Ocean.

The Battle of Normandy June 6, 1944 The Battle of Normandy started on June 6, 1944. This date is also known as D-Day. This battle was fought between the Nazis and the Allies, including American and Canadian soldiers. It is the largest seaborne invasion in history with almost three million troops involved. The battle began during the night as soldiers parachuted into France. Later, attacks came from the air and from the sea. The Battle of Normandy lasted for more than two months. It was the first of many victories for the Allies. Germany surrendered less than a year later. ©

54

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Major Battles 1.

  2.

Circle T if the statement is TRUE or F if it is FALSE. Go back to the reading passage to check your answers.

T F T F

a)

T T

F F

c)

The Battle of Normandy took place in Italy.

d)

T he attack on Pearl Harbor was the beginning of the war between the United States and Japan.

T T

F F

e)

Japan wanted control of the Pacific Region.

f)

T he Battle of Normandy started on June 6, 1944 which is also known as D-Day.

T T

F F

g)

Germany surrendered within a year of the Battle of Normandy.

The Japanese lost the Battle of Midway.

b) The United States did not want to be neutral at the beginning of World War Two.

h)  Pearl Harbor has been called a “turning point” in World War Two.

What was the TURNING POINT of World War Two?

  3. What signaled that start of war between Japan and the United States?

©

55

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Major battles

4. Use  the words in the list to give the answer to each clue. Write the correct term on the line.

casualties neutral

aircraft carrier aviator

surrendered base

seaborne



a) The United States did not want to take sides.



b) Without these, Japanese airplanes could not get off the ground.



c)  Able to have airplanes land and take off in the middle of an ocean.



d) These were people who were injured or killed in battles.



e) When soldiers are carried by ship to get to a place



f) The Germans gave up shortly after the Battle of Normandy; they knew they could not win.



g) This is a place where soldiers live and train, and where the military keeps supplies and equipment.

Research & Application 5. The United States government has military bases all over the country and all over the world. Find out where some of these bases are and then choose one to investigate. Create a poster that shows the following information:



•  •  •  •  •  • 

Name Location (include a map) Size Specialty (air force, navy, etc.) Special features (tours, museum, special forces) At least three other interesting facts



Be ready to share your poster with the class.

6. Many cities and towns across the United States grew because of a military base close by. Find out if there is a military base near your hometown. If you can, make plans to go and visit it. If you cannot visit the base, do some research at the local library or on the Internet to find out more about the military base close to your community. Write a three-paragraph information piece about what you have discovered. ©

56

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

New Weapons of War

1. Write the word on the line that matches the definition. Use a dictionary to help you if needed.

victors improve

submarine communication

sophisticated mounted

turret superiority

a) to make or become better b) the one who defeats an enemy; the winner c) a special boat that is used underwater d) feeling that someone is better or more important than someone else e) a rotating structure onto which guns are mounted f) something that is very complicated or complex g) an exchange of information h) to put into a certain position; to attach to something

2. During World War Two many countries spent a great deal of money building weapons. Today, many countries still spend a lot of money on weapons. Is spending money to build weapons a good idea? Explain your opinion.

©

57

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

New Weapons of War

Many of the weapons used in World War One were also used in World War Two. By 1939 many of the weapons had been improved in order to work better. The “U-Boat” was the English short form for the German word “Unterseeboot”. This means “undersea boat”. U-boats could travel below the water’s surface. They were also called submarines. The main purpose for the German U-Boat was to hit ships coming to Europe from the U.S. and Canada with supplies. When World War Two began, Germany had 57 U-Boats. Over the next six years, Germany built close to 1,100 new boats. The allies, especially Great Britain, believed that the UBoats were their biggest threat. The U-Boats could attack from great distances. Also, they were difficult to trace because they were able to move quietly in the water. Although many U-Boats were built for World War Two, close to 80 percent of them were destroyed during fighting. 28 000 people who worked on U-Boats were killed and 8,000 were captured during the war.

Why do you think U-Boats were popular with the Germans?

STO P

Tanks became more sophisticated in World War Two. Radios were installed in German tanks. This allowed better communication with soldiers and better control. Tanks also became larger. The United States even made a 105-ton tank! At the beginning of the war light tanks were used by most armies. As the war went on, heavier tanks became more common. Turrets were also used on tanks. A turret allowed a very heavy machine gun to be mounted on the tank. The turret made it possible for the gun to be moved all the way around to hit targets. Having a turret also meant that the gun could be fired even if the tank was hidden behind some cover. Bombers were airplanes that were used in World War One. They were designed to attack targets on the ground by dropping bombs from the plane. In World War Two, fighter aircraft were built. These planes were designed to attack other aircraft while in the air. The fighter aircraft were small, fast and easy to move around. Countries fighting in World War Two wanted superiority in the air. They wanted to be the best and have control of the skies. In most wars, the countries that had control of the skies usually went on to be the winners, or victors in the war. Many countries spent a lot of money to build the best aircraft possible. ©

58

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

New Weapons of War

1. B  elow are two columns. Column A has the beginning of a sentence. Column B has the ending of a sentence. Using straight lines, match column A and column B to make ten true statements.

©

Column A

Column B

1

Some of the weapons used in World War One were

mount machine guns on tanks.

A

2

Radios were installed

in German tanks.

B

3

Great Britain believed that

the people who had won the war.

C

4

Fighter aircraft were

also used in World War Two.

D

5

Countries wanted

small, fast and easy to move around.

E

6

German U-Boats could

superiority in the air.

F

7

Turrets were used to

more sophisticated in World War Two.

G

8

Victors were

U-Boats were their greatest threat.

H

9

As the war went on

heavier tanks became more common.

I

10

Tanks became

attack from great distances.

J

59

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

New Weapons of War

2.

Explain why Great Britain and the allies believed that German U-Boats were their biggest threat.

3.

How did tanks become more sophisticated in World War Two?

4.

What is the difference between a bomber and a fighter aircraft?

Research & Application 5.  The German word “unterseeboot” or U-Boat, translates into “undersea boat”.



There are a number of words that we use in English that actually come from German. Below is a list of words that are derived from, or come from, the German language. Using a dictionary to help you, write out the English definition for each of these words. •  Kindergarten •  angst •  delicatessen •  Fahrenheit •  glitz •  hamburger •  kaput •  waltz

6.  Fighter planes became a very important weapon in World War Two. Do some research to find out more about these planes. Try to answer the following questions as well as at least three more points of interest:



•  What did fighter planes look like?

•  How long did it take to build one? •  How accurate were they? •  How big were they? •  Who built them? •  How many people could fit into one plane? Write a two to three-minute speech explaining what you have found out about fighter planes during World War Two. Be ready to share your speech. ©

60

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

Before You Read

...................

The End of War 1. Place the correct word on the line. Use a dictionary to help you if needed.

famine conflict emerge

agencies fatigue transportation

rebuild surrender reserves

influence threat perish



a) part of an organization that looks after different projects



b) being very tired



c) to pass away; to die



d) an extreme shortage of food



e) an expression of an intent to do harm



f) having the ability to change or interfere with matters, even for personal gain



g) a way of getting people and goods to different places



h) to become known



i) to give oneself over to something; to yield



j) something stored or available for future use



k) an extended struggle



l) to build again, to make repairs or changes to something

2. When you have a disagreement with someone, how do you end it? How do you know that the argument is over?

©

61

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

ReadinG PassaGe

...................

The End of War

World War Two started as a conflict between a few nations. It turned into the biggest war in history. It involved dozens of countries and cost millions of lives. In 1943, the Axis powers started showing signs of fatigue with the war. The U.S. was becoming more involved and Russia still had huge reserves. By 1944, the Allies were winning the war in the air. The allies hit many German cities and did a lot of damage to highways and transportation routes. The official end to World War Two was September 2, 1945. This is when Japan signed the peace treaty. The war in Europe had ended months before. On May 7, 1945, German forces surrendered to the Allies. Nazi control of Germany was over. Adolf Hitler killed himself, and Germany became controlled by Allied forces. Although war in Europe was over, new tensions emerged between the United States and the Soviet Union. Both countries saw themselves as the most powerful country in the world. Neither wanted the other to be powerful. Neither country trusted each other. In the three decades following World War Two, the United States and the Soviet Union were part of the “Cold War”. This was not a war with weapons, but with words and threats. Both countries wanted to be a superpower, meaning that it would have a lot of influence over other countries.

STO P

Why do you think the United States and Russia both saw themselves as powerful countries?

World War Two was the biggest and most expensive war in history. People lost their homes, families, property, possessions, and feeling of security. Bombings, new methods of warfare, famine, and disease killed millions of people. Many were also left homeless. Fifty-five million people worldwide perished in World War Two. People who survived could hardly understand how massive the suffering was. The United States played a leading role in helping Western Europe rebuild after World War Two. U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall introduced a plan to help Europe. His plan gave European countries thirteen billion dollars between 1948 and 1952. The money was used to help rebuild schools, hospitals, roads and houses. World War Two showed that the League of Nations was not able to prevent war. In 1945 the United Nations (UN) was created to replace the League of Nations. Since World War Two, the UN has tried to bring peace to many parts of the world. The UN has many agencies that try to improve the lives of people living in difficult situations. The UN has 192 member countries and continues to exist today. ©

62

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

The End of War

1. The following are multiple choice questions. Circle the correct letter. a)

This A B C D

was the official end to World War Two. September 1944 May 7, 1945 September 2, 1945 None of the above

b)

Even when the war ended there was still tension between: A Germany and the United States B The Allies and Germany C The Soviet Union and the Allies D The United States and the Soviet Union

c)

U.S. A B C D

Secretary of State George Marshall gave European countries: Aircraft that had been built in the United States Thirteen billion dollars to rebuild As much money as the European countries needed Some good advice about how to fight in a war

d) In 1945 the United Nations: A Was created B Replaced the League of nations C Formed to bring peace to different parts of the world D All of the above E None of the above e)

At the end of World War Two, these countries wanted to be superpowers: A Britain and France B The United States and Canada C The Soviet Union and the United States D France, Britain and the United States E All of the allies

f)

This A B C D E

©

is the number of people who perished in World War Two: 55 million worldwide 35 million, but only in Europe 55 million in the United States No one knows how many people perished in World War Two None of the above

63

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

The End of War

2. Use the following words to fill in the blanks.

perished emerged surrendered

conflict

influence

agencies

World War Two was the biggest ________________ in history. Many countries were involved a

and many people _________________ in the fighting. War ended in Europe on May 7, 1945 b

when the German forces _____________________ to the allies. Although peace came to c

the world, new tensions _________________ between the United States and the Soviet d

Union. Both wanted to be superpowers and have _________________ over other countries. e

Today the United Nations works to bring peace to many parts of the world. Many UN ______________ try to improve the lives of people around the world. f

Research & Application 3. Statistics are numbers that give information about different things. For example, in World War Two, 55 million people perished. That is a statistic of the number of people who died. Do some research to find out different statistics about World War Two.





©

a) In the first part, gather statistics about ten different “topics”. Use the web organizer on the next page to help you.

World War Two

b) In the second part, gather statistics using five to eight of the “topics” from part A for at least three different countries involved in World War Two. Use the chart on page 34 to help you organize your information.

64

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Web organizer

World War Two

©

65

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Comparison Chart

Topic

Country 1

Country 2

Country 3

Country 4

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

©

66

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Crossword Puzzle! Across 2. The armed forces of a country 3. A rotating structure onto which guns are mounted 5. An expression of an intent to do harm 8. To pass away; to die 10 . To enter and take over in hopes of getting something 15. A demand that if rejected means the end of peace 16 . A connection based on similar ideas 17 . Not weak; not uncertain 19 . Something that is very complicated or complex

1 2

3

5 6 8

©

7

9 10 11 12

13 14

15

16

Down 1. The one who defeats an enemy; the winner 4. To become known 6. An extended struggle 7. A hidden supply that may be stored 9. Having a high price 11. An exchange of information 12. Organized spreading of certain ideas 13. Having little strength 14. Given over to someone else 18. An extreme shortage of food

4

17 18 19

67

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Word Search

Find all of the words in the Word Search. Words are written horizontally, vertically, diagonally, and some are even written backwards. E

S

D

A

S

G

R

T

Y

N

S

Z

S

P

M

A

D

T

S

B

U

E

V

N

L

U

E

T

S

E

J

N

I

T

I

P

R

U

E

R

B

I

N

O

A

R

C

Y

N

T

L

E

O

V

I

W

O

N

R

P

A

R

B

N

R

O

V

N

I

T

V

W

E

V

T

U

B

E

V

T

A

A

I

U

S

E

T

O

A

I

Q

T

W

V

N

A

N

I

O

T

L

C

T

M

A

M

V

H

V

A

J

U

T

E

L

D

A

R

S

L

B

E

R

O

T

S

M

R

K

I

B

L

T

C

E

L

U

I

Y

E

Y

R

N

O

T

D

O

B

A

R

I

N

E

R

P

J

O

R

D

P

M

I

O

N

Y

G

O

N

V

L

R

K

E

I

O

G

A

N

I

H

E

V

M

P

U

I

A

L

A

B

R

D

D

A

J

M

L

D

U

M

P

M

C

U

O

U

L

T

I

M

A

T

U

M

N

A

P

U

M

T

M

O

S

T

V

X

O

S

R

E

D

R

O

B

S

O

O

D

T

Y

I

A

N

I

R

E

C

K

V

X

Y

J

C

R

U

I

E

M

M

Y

S

E

I

T

L

A

U

S

A

C

S

M

N

E

U

T

R

A

L

B

T

S

I

B

A

D

H

S

V

G

T

A

T

N

A

N

V

L

Y

T

V

B

T

K

D

T

C

U

E

C

M

S

F

M

E

C

R

A

C

S

N

B

D

E

X

M

D

T

T

I

I

L

I

M

B

Z

O

A

G

J

F

V

E

S

G

F

U

K

R

I

C

T

A

P

J

F

I

B

N

T

Y

O

I

M

W

P

B

J

H

L

S

V

A

N

M

T

Z

B

I

W

T

I

R

Q

M

S

A

K

J

E

V

M

A

H

X

E

P

E

R

S

O

P

H

I

S

T

I

C

A

T

E

D

Y

N

agreement alliances aviator borders

©

avoid

casualties communication estimated

globally looting military

mounted

neutral

sophisticated

promote scarce

starvation superiority support

surrendered

tenuous turret ultimatum

victors

68

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Comprehension Quiz 1. Circle

T

if the statement is TRUE or

F

if it is FALSE.

T

F

a) World War Two is one of the most important events in world history.

T

F

b) World War Two lasted for eight years.

T T T T

F F F F

c) Many people died in fighting; many people also died from disease.

T

F

g) The U.S. joined World War Two at the Battle of Pearl Harbor.

T

F

h) World War Two was not the biggest war in history.

30 8

d) The Treaty of Versailles allowed people to live in peace. e) Adolf Hitler became the leader of Germany in 1933. f) Blitzkrieg means lightening warfare.

2. Fill in the blanks with the words in the list. There will be six words left over.

reserves

influence

transportation

blamed



promote

perished

economic depression

tension



sophisticated

Pearl Harbor

propaganda

fatigue

Normandy

alliances

aviators

invaded

10

World War Two began when Germany ________________ Poland. After World War One the Treaty of Versailles a

was meant to ________________ peace but it was never enforced fully. Since Germany was ________________ c

b

for World War One, many people in Germany were angry. Germany wanted revenge. The ________________ d

was another factor that led to war. Many people were poor and were desperate for help. The rise of both nationalism and militarism led to ________________ in Europe. Countries formed ________________. One side e

f

was the Axis and the other was the Allies. Adolf Hitler became leader of Germany. He used _______________ g

to get people to agree with him. He told Germans that other people were to be blamed for their problems. Hitler invaded Austria and Czechoslovakia; other countries did not stop him. When Hitler invaded Poland, the allies responded and World War Two started. The United States became involved when the Japanese military attacked ________________ from off the coast of Hawaii. The U.S. then defeated the Japanese at the h

Battle of Midway. By 1943, the Axis powers were showing signs of ________________. By 1945, World War Two i

ended. The allies were victorious. New tensions developed between the United States and the Soviet Union. Both countries wanted to be superpowers and have ________________ over others.

©

69

j

SUBTOTAL:

/18

World Wars CC5503

NAME:

After You Read

...................

Comprehension Quiz

Answer each question in complete sentences.

3.

Give three reasons why World War Two started.

4.

Choose one of the battles discussed in this unit (Battle of Pearl Harbor, Battle of Midway, Battle of Normandy). Describe what happened in that battle.

3

5.

How did weapons become more sophisticated in World War Two? Use two different weapons in your response.

4

6.

What is a “superpower”?

7.

Describe the United Nations.

3

1

1

SUBTOTAL: ©

70

/12

World Wars CC5503

©

7

Answers will vary

3.

Answers will vary

2.

i) colony

h) navy

g) unrest

f) dispute

e) assassination

d) empire

c) conflict

b) tension

a) war

1.

9

in southern Africa)

developing colonies

countries were

(i.e. many European

2. Answers will vary

militarism

imperialism and

difficulties with

of nationalism,

1. Tension, feelings

F T

f) g)

10

h) alliances

g) spark

e) war  f) assassinated

d) empire

c) nationalism

a) factors  b) tension

F

e)

2.

T

F

T

T

d)

c)

b)

a)

1.

11

Accept any verifiable answers

8.

Answers will vary; student’s work should clearly convey the meaning of the term

7.

13

Germany; intercepted Russian battle plan and prepared themselves accordingly

1.

12

Answers will vary

3.

war: a series of battles

Accept any verifiable answers

2. battle: a conflict or struggle

i) futile

h) czar

g) intercept

f) casualties

e) defeated

d) abandoned

c) transmit

b) fortress

a) allies

1.

6.

Possible answers: Yes – supports national pride No – can lead to hatred of others and feelings of superiority

5.

4.

Possible answers: their soldiers, athletes, national monuments, holidays, flag, specific places (Mount Rushmore, etc.)

Possible answer: armed conflict

3.

2.

T f)

T

15

f) futile

e) casualties

d) battles

c) allies

a) Triple Alliance/ Triple Entente b) T riple Alliance/ Triple Entente

h)

T

F e)

g)

F d)

F

T b) c)

T a)

1.

14

3.

Accept any reasonable answer

Accept any reasonable answer

2.

EZ

World Wars CC5503

©

18

Answers will vary

2.

culture –  d

economy –  c

submarine –  b

propaganda –  a

allies –  e

neutral –  f

1.

16

Accept any verifiable answers

5.

Accept any verifiable answers

4.

Possible answer: No clear winner, many casualties

3.

2.

D

A

D

B

C

20

The ocean liner, Lusitania, was sunk; A year later the Sussex was sunk; The British intercepted a German secret message.

e)

d)

c)

b)

a)

1.

19

Answers will vary

21

Accept any verifiable answers

5.

Answers will vary

4.

f) allies

e) propaganda

d) submarine

c) economy

b) neutral

a) culture

3.

23

U.S. was friends with Britain, many people in the U.S. were born in Germany and Austria

22

Answers will vary

2.

negotiations –  d

Congress –  f

House of –  b Representatives

Senate –  a

neutral –  e

elected –  c

1.

T h)

24

Answers will vary

T

F

T

F

g)

f)

e)

d)

T

F

b)

c)

F

a)

2.

1.

4.

25

Diagrams will vary

7.

Accept any verifiable answers

6.

Answers will vary

5.

Accept any verifiable answers

Nations

5. Create League of

4. End imperialism

weapons;

3. Reduce number of

boats on seas;

2. Freedom to have

meetings;

1. End to secret

In any order:

3.

EZ

World Wars CC5503

©

f) F

f) barbed wire

27

Answers will vary

26

Answers will vary

2.

i) submarines

h) automatic weapon

28

f) Submarines

e) Dreadnoughts

d) poison gas

c) Tanks

b) automatic weapons

a) methods

2.

g) F

e) T

e) method

g) airship

d) F

c) T

b) T

a) T

1.

d) artillery

c) parallel

b) caliber

a) trench

1.

29

Accept any verifiable answers (i.e. From the man who invented the Zeppelin, Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin)

8.

Answers will vary

7.

Accept any verifiable answers

6.

Diagrams will vary; one should be an aerial view, the other from the perspective of standing within in the trench

5.

Answers will vary

4.

Poison gas did terrible things to the human body (i.e. blister gas causes blisters all over the body)

3.

32

Answers will vary

31

Answers will vary

3.

Answers will vary

2.

devastated –  b

promote –  e

intention –  h

organization –  c

collapsed –  g

responsible –  a

treaty –  f

armistice –  d

1.

2.

A

D

D

B

C

33

fighting

Armistice – an informal agreement; a truce Treaty – a formal agreement to stop

e)

d)

c)

b)

a)

1.

34

Answers will vary

5.

Accept any verifiable answers

4.

g) F

f) T

e) T

d) T

c) F

b) F

a) T

3.

EZ

World Wars CC5503

©

35

12. economy

10. artillery

7. submarines

6. allies

4. negotiations

3. empire

2. culture

Down

16. treaty

15. navy

14. neutral

13. tension

11. promote

9. assassination

8. armistice

5. elected

1. trench

Across

O

D

L

E

Q

X

D

E

G

F

A

H

D

L

M

B

V

R

C

G

D

E

T

C

E

L

E

C

V

F

C

K

U

H

R

I

Y

C

D

M

L

F

D

E

S

P

A

L

L

O

C

D

W

O

F

K

I

E

T

A

N

I

B

M

C

A

I

R

S

H

I

P

Q

D

G

N

N

D

H

S

R

S

U

S

O

N

E

G

O

T

I

A

T

I

O

N

S

H

M

O

E

F

J

U

G

T

E

Y

R

N

A

D

N

A

G

A

P

O

R

P

I

P

M

T

C

A

W

I

A

T

N

E

G

S

H

T

T

R

E

A

T

Y

E

J

O

Y

A

L

K

C

H

C

I

X

S

A

A

N

I

C

Q

N

D

Y

E

F

K

E

A

T

P

E

O

M

B

M

Y

P

R

P

N

O

C

I

M

N

N

R

G

L

W

I

S

H

R

L

L

N

S

S

O

T

B

A

I

I

R

L

I

A

C

H

M

E

R

A

C

L

O

N

O

N

D

N

I

C

T

R

Z

T

R

F

U

V

I

S

V

A

V

N

M

N

M

P

A

O

S

L

F

S

J

A

A

N

L

N

S

Y

N

X

D

E

E

N

Y

E

O

R

H

I

L

G

R

K

M

L

T

E

Z

O

K

O

B

C

D

R

Q

K

D

R

T

T

B

E

H

Q

B

A

U

L

I

T

T

C

P

Y

B

A

T

S

L

C

S

O

E

L

R

I

U

M

R

S

K

E

O

N

M

Q

O

W

B

B

T

M

B

T

P

M

E

Y

S

P

E

B

T

J

F

L

N

I

R

Y

X

D

C

V

N

A

U

Q

J

B

O

J

O

N

A

U

I

G

A

U

N

36 29



W

X

G

L

A

G

I

C

S

T

U

X

U

F

L

F

E

C

A

D

K

A

B

A

F

D

N

E

O

D

C

B

N

X

W

P

P

O

E

B

A

2.

h) T

g) T

f) T

e) F

d) T

c) F

b) F

a) T

1.

37

j) Treaty of Versailles

i) Germany

h) Fourteen Points

g) neutral

f) casualties

e) 1914

Triple Entente

d) Triple Alliance/

Triple Entente

c) Triple Alliance/

b) tension

a) assassination



Word Search Answers

38

Promote peace

7.

Answers will vary

6.

Accept any reasonable answer (i.e. not take sides in an argument or dispute)

5.

Answers will vary

4.

Nationalism – belief that one’s country is better than another Imperialism – desire to expand one’s country by taking over colonies or smaller countries Militarism – collection of weapons in order to prepare for war or armed conflict

3.

EZ

World Wars CC5503

©

40

Answers will vary

39

Answers will vary

2.

l) expensive

k) impact

j) starvation

i) looting

h) hoard

g) estimate

f) scarce

e) globally

d) disease

c) border

b) invade

a) military

1.

T T T F

e) f) g) h)

h) military

g) hoard

41

e) disease f) starvation

d) expensive

c) borders

b) impacted

a) invaded

T

d)

2.

Families of soldiers, lack of money, survival, facing starvation, shortages, etc.

F

c)

42

Answers will vary

8.

Answers will vary

7.

Accept any reasonable answer

6.

People hoard things when they are afraid there won’t be any left

5.

4.

F

T

Yes – it involved over 200 countries

3.

b)

a)

1.

2.

43

Answers will vary

3.

Answers will vary

k) alliances

j) tenuous

i) economic depression

h) agreement

g) factor

f) promote

e) determined

d) blamed

c) Treaty of Versailles

b) enforced

a) tension

1.

45

Answers will vary

3.

44

Answers will vary

2.

Answers will vary

1.

46

f) C

e) D

d) E

c) B

b) D

a) C

1.

EZ

World Wars CC5503

©

d) tactic

e) support

f) ultimatum

d) tenuous

e) factor

f) determined

47

Answers will vary

4.

Answers will vary

48

Possible answer: Acquiesce – when you feel scared, when it isn’t worth fighting for something

2.

i) propaganda

h) avoid

g) declare

c) recover

c) promote

3.

b) uniform

a) gypsies

1.

b) blamed

a) tension

2.

51

l) 10

k) 1

j) 9

i) 4

h) 2

g) 7

f) 3

e) 8

d) 11

c) 5

b) 6

a) 12

1.

50

Accept any reasonable answer

53

Answers will vary

2.

g) surrender

f) neutral

e) aviator

d) casualties

c) aircraft carrier

b) base

a) seaborne

1.

52

Answers will vary

5.

Answers will vary

4.

People needed to have hope in something; they believed he would help them out of the economic depression

3.

2.

Lightening warfare; rapid firing of guns and weapons

2.

F

T

T

T

T

F

F

T

55

Battle of Pearl Harbor

3.

Battle of Midway

h)

g)

f)

e)

d)

c)

b)

a)

                       1.

5.

56

Answers will vary

6.

Answers will vary

g) base

f)   surrendered

e) seaborne

d) casualties

c) aircraft carrier

b) aviator

a) neutral

4.

EZ

World Wars CC5503

©

57

Answers will vary

2.

h) mounted

g) communication

f) sophisticated

e) turret

d) superiority

c) submarine

b) victors

a) improve

1.

G

10.

59

I

C

A

J

F

E

H

B

D

9.

8.

7.

6.

5.

4.

3.

2.

1.

1.

58

Answers will vary

60

Answers will vary

6.

Accept any verifiable answers

5.

Bombers were used to attack targets on the ground; fighter aircraft could attack other planes while in the air.

4.

Tanks had radios installed, communication was increased and they were larger.

3.

U-Boats could attack from far away.

2.

62

Answers will vary

61

Answers will vary

2.

l) rebuild

k) conflict

j) reserves

i) surrender

h) emerge

g) transportation

f) influence

e) threat

d) famine

c) perish

b) fatigue

a) agencies

1.

f)

e)

d)

c)

b)

a)

63

1.

A

C

D

B

D

C

67

Across: 2. military 3. turret 5. threat 8. perished 10. invade 15. ultimatum 16. alliances 17. determined 19. sophisticated Down: 1. victors 4. emerge 6. conflict 7. hoard 9. expensive 11. communication 12. propaganda 13. tenuous 14. surrendered 18. famine

64

3. Answers will vary

f) agencies

e) influence

d) emerged

c) surrendered

b) perished

a) conflict

2.

EZ

World Wars CC5503

©

U

W

V

T

A

R

D

N

V

M

U

O

R

M

G

U

M

S

O

W

R

I

E

Q

V

M

T

O

E

U

P

S

C

S

V

C

X

E

Y

I

E

B

S

P

S

E

R

T

I

G

D

E

T

N

U

O

M

P

M

Y

O

K

J

W

T

O

E

U

D

S

I

M

F

T

C

A

E

I

D

T

M

P

G

B

I

U

V

U

N

R

E

A

O

R

W

U

T

M

T

U

E

T

M

C

U

O

A

B

T

N

B

R

B

V

S

P

Q

P

K

I

S

N

T

M

Y

O

U

I

N

R

L

E

A

E

P

I

N

G

H

M

B

R

I

F

A

R

M

I

S

O

A

V

I

T

L

N

V

A

N

L

R

I

S

J

I

L

M

N

A

Y

A

T

U

L

L

N

C

D

I

T

R

O

U

T

S

A

H

C

I

E

V

L

S

N

V

L

A

R

E

E

A

O

A

B

A

E

Y

68 29

T

K

L

T

M

C

L

B

E

I

X

T

B

K

R

L

R

T

A

N

R

T

N

I

J

S

A

B

R

Y

T

I

R

O

I

R

E

P

U

S

L

I

R

C

S

S

C

E

V

P

Z

A

T

S

T

E

S

M

D

I

J

I

L

C

U

O

Y

E

Z

A

V

A

J

O

C

V

I

L

C

R

A

D

O

O

Y

B

T

S

V

N

J

S

T

M

N

F

A

S

B

B

A

K

E

T

A

G

R

E

E

M

E

N

T

N

P

E

A

M

I

G

N

T

A

U

V

D

U

J

A

D

Y

R

A

T

I

L

I

M

Word Search Answers

D

H

T

B

J

B

K

D

S

X

R

M

M

N

P

R

O

M

O

T

E

T

A

Y

X

Z

N

F

D

D

H

A

Y

O

N

L

I

M

N

T

V

A

V

O

I

D

N

E

B

T

V

E

T

S

C

J

B

A

D

H

I

O

S

H

I

W

V

P

T

T g)

69

j) influence

i) fatigue

h) Pearl Harbor

g) propaganda

e) tension f) alliances

d) economic depression

b) promote c) blamed

a) invaded

2.

F

T

f)

h)

T

F

d) e)

T

F

T

c)

b)

a)

1.

70

The UN replaced the League of Nations; has 192 member countries; tries to promote peace; has many different agencies that work with governments to improve peoples’ lives all over the world

7.

A nation that has a great deal of influence over other nations

6.

Answers will vary

5.

Answers will vary

4.

Possible answers: The Treaty of Versailles failed; Germany was blamed and therefore Germany was angry; economic depression; people were desperate for help; German invasion of Poland after having taken over Austria and Czechoslovakia

3.

EZ

World Wars CC5503

Europe 1914

................

©

79

World Wars CC5503

British WW I Soldier

.........................

©

80

World Wars CC5503

Woodrow Wilson Twenty-Eighth President 1913-1921 ..............................

©

81

World Wars CC5503

Triple Winged German WW I Fokker Fighter Plane ...........................

©

82

World Wars CC5503

French soldiers wearing gas masks in battle ........................

©

83

World Wars CC5503

The Douaumont Ossuary and Cemetery, a World War I memorial in Verdun, France, location of one of the worst battles on the Western front. 16,000 individual French and German soldiers are interred

.......................................

©

84

World Wars CC5503

American WW II Cemetery, Normandy .............

©

85

World Wars CC5503

Auschwitz Gas Chamber

..............................

©

86

World Wars CC5503

Battle Sign

...............

©

87

World Wars CC5503

Destruction of WW II

............................

©

88

World Wars CC5503

May 3, 1945 British Newspaper ....................

H is itl e D r e a d ©

89

World Wars CC5503

Hitler

1889-1945

...........

©

90

World Wars CC5503