The Sultantepe Tablets I [1] 0995465673, 9780995465671

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THE SULTANTEPE TABLETS I by

0. R. GURNEY and J. J. FINKELSTEIN

Published by

THE BRITISH INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY AT ANKARA 140 CROMWELL ROAD LONDON, S.W.7

1957

When in 1951-2 a joint expedition of the British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara and the Turkish Department of Antiquities conducted excavations at Sultantepe, a large mound between Harran and the modern Turkish city of U rfa, a collection of Assyrian cuneiform tablets was discovered, probably the products of a school attached to the large temple which occupied the summit of the mound in Assyrian times. Unlike the tablets of Alalakh, which were published in Occasional Publications No.2, the Sultantepe tablets are not documents of political events and of everyday life, but are copies of the traditional poems and other literary works of the Babylonians and Assyrians. Some of them are new; others help towards the reconstruction of the text of the famous epics already known from tablets discovered at other Assyrian sites, such as Nineveh and Assur. This first volume contains the cuneiform text of 111 tablets, including all the epical and historical material in the collection, as well as a certain number of religious and medical compositions. Apart from the fragments of well-known works, which need no separate treatment, most of these texts are of considerable length, and their translation, which presents many difficulties, mainly owing to the bad condition of the tablets, is not attempted in this volume. This will be a task for scholars of Assyriology in future years. Seventy-six texts have been copied by Dr. Gurney and thirty-five by Dr. Finkelstein. A brief summary of the nature of each text is given in the table of contents.

OCCASIONAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE BRITISH INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY AT ANKARA No. 3

THE SUL T ANTEPE TABLETS I by

0. R. GURNEY and

J. J. FINKELSTEIN

Published by THE BRITISH INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY AT ANKARA

140 CROMWELL ROAD LONDON, S.W.7 1957

1957 1971

FIRST PUBLISHED REPRINTED

PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY LUND HUMPHRIES LONDON AND BRADFORD

FOREWORD This is the third volume of Occasional Publications issued by the British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara. The first two were concerned with discoveries at Alalakh. This volume deals with the tablets found in the excavations at Sultantepe conducted by the Institute, in collaboration with the Turkish Department of Antiquities, in 1951 and 1952. The publication has been made possible by the generous assistance of the Australian Institute of Archaeology, the Griffith Institute in Oxford, and the British Academy. On behalf of the Council, }OHN GARSTANG,

August, 1956

President.

PREFACE Sultantepe, a large mound in the plain of Harran, some ten miles to the south-east of Urfa, was partially excavated by a joint expedition of the British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara and the Turkish Department of Antiquities in the years 1951 and 1952. Assyrian tablets were found at four points. In room C 2 four small business or legal documents were excavated at the level of secondary occupation, but as two of them bear the dates 684 and 674 B.C., it is clear that they had survived from an earlier period than the context in which they were found. 1 A single unbaked tablet was found in room M 2 and proved to be a record of accounts; it lay in the level of primary occupation, and by its references to five post-canonical eponyms proves that the end of that occupation must be dated later than 648 B.C.2 A single baked fragment of a medical nature came to light in the central court of a building which appeared to be a private house (area F 5). But by far the most important discovery was that of a large heap of unbaked tablets which were lying, together with a number of large wine-jars and other objects, against the outer wall of this same house, at a point where a small pedestal or offering-table projected from the wall. Whether they had been deliberately stacked in this position or had been thrown out as refuse remained uncertain. 3 These are literary tablets and bear dates ranging from 718 B.C. to the end of the Assyrian Empire in 612. They seem from indications in the colophons to be the products of students in a temple school. All the tablets are now housed in the Archaeological Museum (formerly known as the Hittite Museum) at Ankara, whither they were brought on the completion of the excavation in 1952. The present volume is the fruit of tour season's work, on the site and in the Museum, in the fourth of which (1955) I had the benefit of the collaboration of Dr. J. J. Finkelstein. The eponym-lists, published in Anatolian Studies III, were copied in the field, but for the rest it was necessary to wait until the tablets had been baked. This was scientifically carried out in the Museum in 1953, and after as many pieces as possible had been joined, the first tablets to be copied were the major poetical works, some of which proved to be previously unknown. A summary of the results up to the end of 1954 is published in the Proceedings of the British Academy, 1955, 21-41. In 1955 a beginning was made on the medical texts, while Dr. Finkelstein devoted his attention to those of the numerous religious texts which contained Akkadian See Anatolian Studies II, 15, 26, and III, 33 and 41. Ibid. III, 21-25 and 41. It is No. 48 in this volume. 3 Ibid, III. 37. Among these tablets one only, a mathematical table text, was baked.

1

2

IV

PREFACE

prayers and to the fragments of the well-known series Maqlu and Surpu. The contracts excavated in room C 2 were also copied by Dr. Finkelstein and will form the subject of a separate study. In the present volume Nos. 1-48, 52-54 and 87-111 were copied by me, Nos. 49-51 and 55-86 by Dr. Finkelstein. Texts already published in Anatolian Studies and the Journal of Cuneiform Studies are republished for the sake of completeness, some of the copies having been revised. It is hoped that no long interval will elapse before it is possible to complete the copying and publication of the tablets. I should like to record my warm appreciation of the assistance given me by the British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara, the Griffith Institute and the Leverhulme Trust, without which my visits to Ankara would not have been possible. My sincere thanks are also due to the Director of the Museum at Ankara, Bay Necati Dolunay, and to Dr. Mustafa Selcuk Ar, who is in charge of the tablets, for their helpfulness at all times. 0. R. GURNEY.

I should like to add my own expression of thanks to the British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara and the authorities of the Museum at Ankara for their co-operation in the course of my work there, and to Dr. Gurney himself for the invitation to join in the publication of these texts. I am happy to acknowledge at the same time my gratitude to the American Philosophical Society for its financial support of this project, without which I could not have participated in it.

J. J.

v

FINKELSTEIN.

ABBREVIATIONS An. St.

Anatolian Studies, Journal of the British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara. London, 1951- .

BMS.

L. W. King, Babylonian Magic and Sorcery. London, 1896.

CT.

Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets, etc., in the British Museum.

HE.

E. Ebeling, Die Akkadische Gebetsserie ,Handerhebung". Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, lnstitut fur Orientforschung, Veroffentlichung No. 20, 1953.

KAR.

E. Ebeling, Keilschriftte:x:te aus Assur religiosen Inhalts. Leipzig, 1919-1923.

LKA.

E. Ebeling, Literarische Keilschriftte:x:te, aus Assur. Berlin, 1953.

RA.

Revue d' Assyriologie.

STC.

L. W. King, The Seven Tablets of Creation. London, 1902.

vi

CONTENTS I. EPICAL TEXTS

1-11. Epic of Creation (enuma elts). These tablets supplement the text of the Epic at many points; for details see Archiv fur Orientforschung, XVII (2), 353-6. The parts of the Epic to which they refer are as follows: No. 1: Tablet I. No.2: Tablet II. Nos. 3-8: Tablet IV. No. 9: Tablet VI. Nos. 10-11: Tablet VII. It is probable that Nos. 6, 7 and 8, are parts of the same tablet. No. 4 may belong to this tablet or to No.5. The fragments of No. 10 differ in width by 3 mm., but none the less it is probable that they belong to the same tablet, since other tablets of this shape (e.g., No.3) are somewhat wider at the ends than in the middle. Lines are numbered according to the standard text of the Epic.

12. Part of an abridged version of the Creation story. A fragment of a duplicate is CT. XIII, 24-5, discussed by L. W. King, STC. I, 197ff. See Proceedings of the British Academy, 1955, 24. 13. Fragment, possibly from an epical text. 14-15. Epic of Gilgamesh (sa naqba imuru), already published in Journal of Cuneiform Studies, VIII, 87-95, and reproduced by kind permission of the Editor of the Journal. No. 14: Fragment of Tablet VII. No. 15: Beginning of Tablet VIII (practice tablet).

16. Epic of Irra (.far gimir dadme), Tablet I. This tablet provides for the first time a complete sequence of lines for this part of the poem, and proves that KAR. 321 obv. and rev. 1-6 were wrongly included in the poem by Ebeling in his edition, Berliner Beitriige zur Keilschriftforschung, II. 1 (1925). See Proceedings of the British Academy, 1955,27. 17-18. Epic of Irra (sar gimir dadme), Tablet II. Nos. 17 and 18 probably belong to the same tablet. 1

2

CONTENTS

19. Myth of Zft, Tablet II, lines 41-91. This and Nos. 21 and 22 supplement the text of the Assur tablet published by E. Ebeling, RA. XLVI, 25-41, and the fragmentary duplicate from Nineveh published by Miss E. Reiner, ibid. XLVIII, 145-9. These texts establish for the first time a complete sequence of lines for the tablet. 20. Fragment, possibly from an epical text. The script of this fragment resembles that of No. 19, but there seems to be no place for the~e lines in the text of the second tablet of the myth of Zft. 21. Myth of Zu, Tablet II. Cf. No. 19. Line 32 appears to be accidentally omitted by the scribe. Adad's repetition of the words of Ninurta to Ea (lines 88-1 00) is represented by the first line (88) followed by KI.MIN (" ditto"). Of his report of Ea's reply, the scribe has written out the first 3llines, replacing the rest (lines 130-145) by su .BI.DIL.AM (" its tenor is the same "). The colophon has a date, 718 B.C. (so correct An. St., II, 31, on No. 63). This is thus the oldest dated tablet in the collection. The script is peculiar, being unusually large, and leaving a wide space after vertical strokes which are followed by horizontals (as in u, passim, and me, line 88).

22. Myth of Zft, Tablet II, lines 26-41. Cf. No. 19. 23. Myth of Zu, Tablet III (?). See Proceedings of the British Academy, 1955, 26-7, and note especially line 27: dZa-a id-lu-ul}-ma nap-sat-s[u??] it-ti-kis ''he routed Zft and cut his throat " (as completed by No. 25). The lines of the duplicates Nos. 23 and 25 have been given corresponding numbers for ease of reference, though this numbering is not final, owing to the break at the beginning of the tablet. Between lines 45' and SO' two lines are written together on No. 23, but it is difficult to determine which they are on account of the mutilation of the text on both tablets.

24. Fragment of an epical text, in bad condition. 25. Myth of Zft, Tablet III(?), duplicate of No. 23. 26. Fragment, possibly belonging to No. 28. 27. Fragment of an epical text, referring to winds. 28. Myth of Nergal and Erishkigal. See Proceedings of the British Academy, 1955, 27-33. An edition of this text will be prepared for a forthcoming volume of Anatolian Studies. The lines of this tablet are numbered separately by columns, since there is no consecutive text in existence.

CONTENTS

3

29 (plate XXXII). Fragment with reference to a deluge, possibly from the Epic of Irra.

30. Cuthaean legend of Naram-Sin. See An. St., V, 93-113. 31. Fragment of an epical text. 3 '. a-mur-ma ardata x ni[

4'. zi-ma-sa nam-ru-ti sa[ 5'. sap-ta-M sa kima ta-bar-ri[ 6'. ta-ta-nak-kal it-ti-na i[na?

Behold the maiden .. . Her face is bright .. . Her lips which are like the purple ... She shall eat with us in ...

II. WISDOM LITERATURE

32. Poem of the Righteous Sufferer (ludlul bel nemeqi), Tablet I, already published in An. St., IV, 64 ff. Text amended in 1.47. 33. Poem of the Righteous Sufferer (ludlul bel nemeqi), Tablet II, already published in An. St., IV, 64 ff. Attention is drawn to alterations resulting from collation in lines 43-50. See An. St., VI, 163.

34. Fable of the Wheat and the grain-goddess, Nisaba. This hitherto unknown fable is in the usual form of a dialogue between two protagonists, each of whom extols his own virtues. An edition of this text is being prepared by Mr. W. G. Lambert. 35. Fragment, probably belonging to the same tablet as No. 34.

III. MISCELLANEOUS LITERARY TEXTS

36. Poem, beginning [x x x x ]-u re-'e-u a-na-kit " I am ... , the shepherd ". The tablet is dated in the eponymy of 'fab-~il-Adad, who appears to be otherwise unknown. 37. Fragment, possibly from a fable. The position of the two small pieces here placed at the top of the obverse (S.U. 52/181 A and B) is uncertain, though it is clear from the script that they belong to this tablet. They are so placed merely in order to indicate the physical possibility of a join in this position, having regard to the shape of the fractures and the alignment of the writing. There is more certainty about the join of the lower piece on the reverse (S.U. 52/181 C+D), though this is also not beyond question. An edition of this fragment is being prepared by Mr. W. G. Lambert.

4

CONTENTS

38. Tale of the Poor Man of Nippur. See An. St., VI, 145-62. 39. Fragment of a duplicate of, or extract from, No. 38. 40, 41, 42. Letter, purporting to be addressed by Gilgamesh to the King of As(?)-ra-nun-na ki. See Proceedings of the British Academy, 1955, 37-8. The beginning of the name of Gilgamesh may be seen in No. 42 line 2 (um-ma dG[Is.GfN.MAS]); the name also appears in line 38. Note references to dEn-ki-du ib-ri-ia in lines 10 and 23. Gilgamesh informs his correspondent that he has sent him 600 men, and orders him, as soon as he receives this letter, to go to the country E.SAG and send him large quantities of animals, including 50 thousand pa-ri-e bit-ru-mu-ti" striped mules " (zebras?). 1

IV. HISTORICAL AND ECONOMIC TEXTS, AND LETTERS

43. An account of the campaign of Shalmaneser III against Urartu, preceded by a speech in which reference is made to previous campaigns against Bit-Adini, Til-Barsib and the Kings of the Hittites. The name of IAsSu.r-bel-ka'in, the turtiinu of Shalmaneser III, appears in line 10. See An. St., II, 28. 44. Part of a narrative in the first person The obverse describes the institution of a ceremonial lamentation (Sigu), and a festival (isinu) involving sacrifices. The reverse mentions a priest of Adad at Assur named Ukin-Adad.

45. Letter to(?) one Etil-pi-Marduk, mentioning Kurigalzu. 46. Eponym list, already published in An. St., III, 19-21. Since the first publication this tablet has been cleaned and an additional fragment has been joined to it; it has therefore been completely recopied. See An. St., VI, 162. The fragments on the right side of 52/18 are crushed into a shapeless mass and it was necessary to take them apart in order to copy them. 47. Eponym list, with mathematical exercises on reverse, already published in An. St., III, 15-19. . The copy of the reverse has been amended. 48. Tablet of accounts from room M.2, already published in An. St., III, 21-5. This text contains the names of five post-canonical eponyms. See M. Falkner in Archiv fur Orientforschung, XVII, 100-120.

49. Letter(?) in large script, dealing with disposition of fields and orchard(s), mentioning Assur-a\}-iddina son of Sin-ab.be-eriba, the king ... and one Sinkena-u~ur, the luqatinnu. 1 That Hebrew lt,D means " zebra " was argued by L. Kohler in Zeitschrift fUr die alttestamentlieM Wissenschaft, XLIV, 59-62, but disputed by P. Humbert, ibid. LXIII, 202-6.

CONTENTS

5

V. RELIGIOUS TEXTS

SO. Fragment of sa-!Junga prayer to Marduk, in rather large script.

51. Probably a fragment of same tablet as preceding. 52. Text of u~certain nature containing prayer to Ishtar(?). Lines 44'-50' are certainly addressed to Ishtar (dfs-tar), and so probably is the preceding paragraph, lines 36'-43' (sum-ki ul tu-se-el-lu), unless another female personage is involved. In lines 1'-35' the name of the goddess appears as dGASAN (lines 5 ', 23' and perhaps 31 '), or as du +DAR (line 29 '), but it is uncertain whether she is being addressed. There are also references in these mutilated lines to the city Agade (line 12'), the city Uruk (line 16') and the temple of Eanna (lines 11', 32', 33'), all places closely associated with Ishtar. Lines 51 '-57' refer to some one who has been shut up in prison (51': u- [kal / kil?] ina bit fi-b[it]-ti-su), and who consequently" moans like a dove, and continually utters his own name like the ittidu-bird ". The word at-ti in 57', however, suggests that the paragraph is still addressed to the goddess, and her name may also be restored at the end of line 58' (du+DAR). 53. Fragment.

54. Fragment of a hymn or prayer addressed to Marduk. 55. Obverse, Iu-ila prayer to Marduk. For duplicates cf. Ebeling, HE p. 64. Reverse, Iu-ila prayer to Nabu. Duplicate of KAR. 25, etc., cf. HE, p. 10. 56. Prayer to Ea. Probably represented by catchline of KAR. 59 rev. 25. From obv. 19, prayer to Sin, duplicate of King, BMS. No. 1, cf. HE. p. 6f. The colophon is scratched into the day in very rough fashion. No prayer to Adad is known beginning with the first four lines of this colophon. The third line is incomprehensible; something like mu1aznin would be expected. In its entirety it reads: [Sipt]u(or a-na?) dAdadgugal (2) [same]e u irfitimtim (3) ... (4) nui;Su (5) belu rabii bel-su (6) sd 1Aplaya(A.A.A.) (7) lutur-tan-nu (8) a-na b[ull]ut (9) napsatiPl-su (10) urruk u,-mePl_su. 57. Medical text; treatment for various diseases. Reverse includes prayer to Sin, duplicate of BMS. No. 6 (HE. p. 44). 58. Duplicate of preceding but beginning only with obv.line 30. 59. Same prayer as in preceding text. Reverse, prayer to Gula, duplicate of second prayer of BMS. No. 6 (HE. p. 46). 60. Iu-ila prayer to Samas; for duplicates cf. HE. p. 48 and fn. 14. 61. Duplicate of the preceding except for lines 19-26, representing the "proper" formulae for the removal of the particular evils.

6

CONTENTS

62. Fragment of a hymn. 63. namburbi ritual and incantations against lizards .(erne. sid) with prayer to Samas, which is apparently a duplicate of K. 3365, 1 ff. 64. namburbi ritual against dogs, with prayer to Shamash, duplicate of KAR. 64 (translated in RA., L, 1956, 90-94). For the colophon see An. St., II, 30-31. The name of the city in the last line is to be read lfu-zir-n[a]; cf. No. 71. 65. Prayer to Nabu for some one in distress~ Due to warping the break between the two halves of the tablet on the obverse is wider than it should be. A closer join should be allowed for than appears in the copy. Note the strange sign A+ms in lines 24, 30, 31, which may possibly stand for ana. 66. Pray to Tashmetum. 67. Prayer to Enlilbanda (Ea), duplicate of KAR. 59 obv. 29 ff.; cf. HE. p. 66.

68. Prayer to undetermined deities. It appears from lines 1 and 5 ff. that both a male and a female deity are addressed. 69. m-ila prayer to Zappu(?) (the Pleiades); possibly related to BMS. 48.

70. Hymn to Marduk(?); cf. K. 3459 iii 9 (in Beitriige zur

Assyriologi~,

V, 321).

71. Hymn (?) of unidentified type. Note colophon line 70: sar uruQu-zir-na. Cf. No. 64. 72. Incantations and rituals, some at least of the namburbi type. Obv. 1 ff. is a prayer of e-nu-ru type to heavenly bodies (Zappu?). Rev. 61 ff. is a prayer toEa and Asar-lu-!Ji (Marduk). 77 ff. is a prayer to the rivergod, duplicate in part to Sm. 1704, cf. King, STC. I p. 201. From line 88 on the text is a namburbi ritual against monstrous foetuses, and is a duplicate of LKA. 114, obverse (translated in RA. L, 1956, 86ff.). 73. Prayers, incantations and rituals against sickness, with omens determined by the movements of an ox. Col. I consists of two prayers to Antum, the first recited by the priest, the second by the patient. The remaining incantations and rituals are directed towards Ninlil, the stars, and the Great Bear (mulmargid-da), the astral counterpart of Ninlil. Cf. LKA. 138 obv.

74. Fragment of a prayer.

7

CONTENTS

75. Expiatory incantation against sins and oaths. Duplicate fragments are KAR. 295, LKA. 148-9. Cf. also LKA. 147a rev. 14f. Note also relation to Surpu V 55f. with obv. 16f. This text is now edited by Miss E. Reiner, Journal of Near Eastern Studies, XV (1956), 129ff. Corrections: in 1. 26' read ba-' -ia; in 1. 37' Ia Sd-lim-ta. 76-77. Second incantation of Bit rimki. For list of duplicates see now J. Studies on the Assyrian Ritual and Series bit rimki p. 36ff.

Laess~e,

78. Maqlu I. Line numbering according to Meier's edition (Archiv fur Orientforschung, Beiheft II, 1937). 79-81. Maqlu II. The fragments are probably of one tablet. Line numbering according to Meier. 82. Maqlu III. Line numbering according to Meier. 83. Maqlu IX. Line numbering does not agree with Meier's edition. 84-85. Surpu IV. Line numbering according to the forthcoming edition by Miss E. Reiner. 86. Fragment of a prayer.

87. Prayer for blessing on the city of Assur. The small fragment numbered 87A appears to belong to this tablet. 88. Tiikultu ritual, parallel to K.252 (III R. 66); see the edition by R. Frankena, Tiikultu, de sakrale Maaltijd (Brill, 1954). In this ritual sacrifices are offered to all the gods of Assyria, grouped by temples, as part of the New Year Festival. Like the parallel text, this tablet may be assumed to have had six columns on each side. The lines of each column are numbered separately, since no complete text yet exists. The tiikultu ends at col. xii line 4, and the rest of the column contains the ritual in Assyrian dialect already known from KAR. 215 and VAT. 8005 (Ebeling, Orientalia XVII pl. 10, XX 399-400, XXI 199), thus proving the close association of the two texts, which had already been suspected. An approximate date for the tablet is provided by the reference to Sennacherib in 88A obv. vi 12, where K. 252 has only sarru.

VI. MEDICAL TEXTS

89. Diagnostical treatise, part of the work enuma ana bit mar# iisipu illiku " When the incantation-priest goes to the house of a sick man ", edited by

8

CONTENTS

R. Labat, Traite akkadien de diagnostic et pronostic medicaux. Cf. No. 91. The text describes the symptoms associated with the following diseases: 1-22: defaced 23-56: zikurudu (nikis napilti) 57-75: broken 76-95: ~UL.GIG "enmity" (cf. Campbell Thompson in RA. XXVI, 84 n.2) 96-101: kadibbidu (#bit pi), loss of speech 103-127: seizure by the god Lugal-girra 128-166: antaSubbU (miqtu), epilepsy 167-191: ri{Jut dSul-pa-e(-a) 192-195: bennu 196-198: taJrit iulme (cf. CT. XL, 17.66) 199-201: ikkib LA-iu (error for ikkib ili-su?) 202: SAL-Su 203-204: mamit, taboo 205-214: " hand " of Sin or Shamash The determination of the position of this text in the series presents some difficulty. It appears to consist of two" tablets", with colophon-lines at 102 and 215, both of which assign it to the second sub-series ana mar# ina te{Je-ka; but in 215 the serial-number is broken off, while the partially preserved number in 102 could be anything from XXIII to XXIX (though the smaller numbers are preferable since the heads of the verticals are rather low). Now in the standard recension the second sub-series contains only 12 tablets (Nos. IIIXIV of the whole work) and the third only 10 (Nos. XV-XXIV), tablet XXV being the first of the fourth sub-series. Clearly these subdivisions were not recognised by the scribe who wrote this tablet, for the only lacuna in. which two successive" tablets" are missing is between XXVI and XXXV, i.e., in the fourth sub-series of the standard recension. This variation from the norm cannot be explained as a local peculiarity, since No. 91 has the title of the fourth subseries correctly. Perhaps then No. 89 was inscribed at an early date, before the final division of the work into sub-series had been carried out in the Assyrian schools, but as the tablets are undated, this cannot be proved. No. 89 certainly has a more archaic appearance than No. 91, but such criteria are unreliable. 90. Medical prescription for an unspecified disease. 91. Diagnostical treatise, part of the work eniima ana bit mar# a.Sipu illiku. Cf. No. 89. This is the first tablet of the fourth sub-series, and therefore Tablet XXV of the whole work, which was hitherto missing. The text deals with such afflictions as su Hl.la.en.na " hand of lilu ", antaSubbU " epilepsy ", pbit efimmi" seizure by a ghost ", and seizure by the riibi~ murtappidu, but the arrangement is not clear. A portion at the top of the reverse has been squeezed down by pressure from the upper edge. It is here copied in what is thought to be its correct position.

CONTENTS

9

92. Medical compendium in three columns: the arrangement is by diseases

(middle column), the left column giving the herbs to be used and the right column the manner of preparation. Duplicate of K.9283 (CT. XIV, 23), which represents the beginning of the text. The long list of plants used for the disease amurriqanu (jaundice?) at the beginning of col. ii may be the continuation of the similar list contained in the Scheil fragment, RA. XIII, 37; this fragment would then represent the end of col. i. All other similar texts, such as KAR. 203, seem to belong to another tablet of the same series, for which see Meissner, Archiv fur Keilschriftforschung, I (1923), 13-20, and Babylonien und Assyrien, II, 295. The script of this tablet is peculiarly sharp and clear, and there is no doubt that the two pieces belong together. 93. Description of plants and their medicinal uses, belonging to the series

u GAR-m " the appearance of the plant is (as follows) ".

Other fragments of this series are published by F. Kocher, Keilschrifttexte zur assyrisch-babylonischen Drogen- und Pflanzenkunde (Berlin, 1955), Nos. 33, 34. 94. Medical prescription, using 48 plants. 95. Medical text, in which various complaints are diagnosed as due to the anger of certain deities and medical cures are prescribed. Two other fragments of a similar type are published by R. Labat in Semitica III, 5.

96. Medical prescriptions for disorders of the stomach (KA kar-Si and dujtuga-nu). 97. Medical prescriptions for diseases of the groin and anus. 98. Medical prescriptions for troubles in childbirth. 99. Fragment containing medical prescriptions.

100. Medical prescriptions for diseases of the anus. 101. Fragment of a medical text. 102. Small tablet containing two medical prescriptions for diseases of the lungs. 103. Fragment of a medical text, found already baked in the central court of the" house of Qurdi-Nergal "(F.5). It was the only tablet found in that area.

104. Fragment of a medical text. 105. Medical prescriptions for watering eyes.

106. Fragment of a medical prescription, in very large writing.

10

CONTENTS

107. Fragment of a text containing medical prescriptions and incantations against bad· dreams. 108. Descriptions of stones and minerals, in tabular form, belonging to the series NA. GAR-.fu" the appearance of the stone is (as follows)" (title in KAR. 44 rev. 3). Cf. No. 93. No. 109 is parallel. 109. Approximate duplicate of No. 108. 110. Fragments of a medical text prescribing the use of various stones.

111. Incantations and rituals involving the use of mineral drugs, parallel to K. 3612 (R. C. Thompson, Assyrian Medical Texts, 46-7).

SCHEDULE + indicates a join. ( +) indicates that fragments are parts of a single tablet but do not join. The tablets are numbered in two series, (19)51 and (19)52, according to the year in which they were excavated. The letters S. U. (for Sultantepe-Urfa), which precede the numbers, are here omitted. Measurements in parenthesis indicate that the tablet is not complete in that dimension. Size (in mm.) Text 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 14A 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

Registration numbers

Down (120) (74) 222 (44) (125) (32) (35) (77) (140) (120) (48) (95) (119) (20) (94) (87) 72 194 (38) (59) (76) (48) 185 (38) (118) (55) (90) (23) (39)

52/87+94 51/132 51/58+127 51/23A 51/47 51/167 51/245 52/243 52/60 51/63+52/102 (+) 51/87 51/62 51/98 52/313 51/129A 51/237 51/7 51/122+ 150+52/84 52/166 52/156 52/232 52/197 51j102A+52j63 + 70+ 76 52/218 51j19A+37 52/335 52/187 51/162 52/302 51/108+121+134+153+155+161A (+) 121A+163 (+)207 c.275 52/210 (47) 51j67A+76+166 170 51/218 (72) 51/10 (103)

11

Across 82 85 79 (64) (77) (27) (25) (57) 64 67 70 (95) 87 (20) 80 (43) (100) 149 (55) (64) (70) (25) 144 (47) 68 (48) 72 (31) (22)

190 (35) 132 (30) 84

12

SCHEDULE

Size (in mm.) Text

33 34

35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72

73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

Registration numbers

51/32 51/173 +52/100+142 52/257 52/112+ 141 + 152 52/138 + 169+ 181A-D 51/78 52/252 52/147 +239( + )236( + )238 52/98 52/16+29+52+162 (+) 48 51/110 51/117 52/133 52/18 ( +) 18A+333 ( +) 21 52/150 52/331 51/33 52/136 52/124 51/155A+169+185 +210 52/144 52/208 51/113 51/107 51/85 51/49 51/34 51/52 51/45+145 52/51 51/2 52/1 +244+285A 52/103 51J62A+98A 51/60 51/69+232+52/157 +209 51/18 51/46A 51/42 52/222+225+294+297 (+) 253 51/1 +25 51/1A 51/82 51/67 51/94 51/59 52/334+363 52/38

Down

Across

(160) (135) (75) 130

79 (113) (36) 80 (80) 133 (39) 123 125 132 73 75 92 95 110 52 (79) 90 (30) 83 (24) (33) 77 80 122 117 116 100 83 (35) 100 97 148 115 66 (90) 120 (90) 84 80 179 (60) 89 96 92 91 (54) (41)

(72)

193 (50) 75 (75) 108 128 (88) 55 162 205 (68) 88 (90) (40) (128) (37) (23) 114 163 188 156 143 70 122 (25) (143) (135) 91 82 117 57 91 (55) 131 195 138 (79) (93) 152 156 147 (47) (25)

13

SCHEDULE

Size (in mm.) Text 81 82 83 84

85

86 87 87A 88

89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98

99 100 100A 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111

D(,wn (64) 51/141 (145) 51/12+90 c. 180 52/33 + 77 + 119 (83) 51/9 (85) ( +) 52/188 (58) 51/96 (99) ( +) 52/93 +340 (47) ( +) 51/201 (32) 52/235 (130) 51/124+52/154 (39) 52/43 205 51/40+ 144+ 181 + 183 +52/62 (76) (+) 51/193 (36) ( +) 51/206 190 51/73+194 82 51/91 + 142+ 175 (180) 51/92 (82) 52/81 (118) ( +) 51/101 +235 (91) 52/4+345+366 (135) ( +) 52/195 + 198+201 +205 +215 +217 -r-269 +343 (94) 52/11 166 51/93 51/17 58 51/14+ 137 + 158+165 + 179+240+52/35 ( ..,--) 52/311 (156) (62) 52/83 ( +) 52j83A (30) (58) ( +) 52/111 (42) ( +) 52/130 ( +) 52/130A (38) 52/207 (38) 52/261 (82) 52j261A (25) 51/178 (40) 52 52/134 52/104 (57) 52/299 (33) 51/103 (43) 52/67 42 51/212 (37) 52/3 183 52/219+259+272 c. 180 52/108 A-D 51/126 (63) Registration numbers

SYMBOLS USED IN THE COPIES • Means "other side destroyed." -+ Indicates thickest point of tablet.

Across (46) 133 (75) 73 73 (70) (71) (38) (28) 68 (22) (115) (60) (44) 125 46 96 (60) (95) 113 113 70 130 117 (130) (38) (30) (70) (25) (30) (52) (83) (25) (47) 80 (78) (45) (65) (60) (32) 96 90

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