The Statesman's Yearbook 2018: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World 1137508523, 9781137508522

Table of contents :
PREFACE
CONTENTS
THE RISE AND RISE OF POPULISM
2016 IN 1,000 WORDS
WORLD POPULATION DEVELOPMENTS
LARGEST URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS
KEY WORLD FACTS
RECOMMENDED FURTHER READING
CHRONOLOGY
April 2016–March 2017
Week beginning 3 April 2016
Week beginning 10 April 2016
Week beginning 17 April 2016
Week beginning 24 April 2016
Week beginning 1 May 2016
Week beginning 8 May 2016
Week beginning 15 May 2016
Week beginning 22 May 2016
Week beginning 29 May 2016
Week beginning 5 June 2016
Week beginning 12 June 2016
Week beginning 19 June 2016
Week beginning 26 June 2016
Week beginning 3 July 2016
Week beginning 10 July 2016
Week beginning 17 July 2016
Week beginning 24 July 2016
Week beginning 31 July 2016
Week beginning 7 August 2016
Week beginning 14 August 2016
Week beginning 21 August 2016
Week beginning 28 August 2016
Week beginning 4 September 2016
Week beginning 11 September 2016
Week beginning 18 September 2016
Week beginning 25 September 2016
Week beginning 2 October 2016
Week beginning 9 October 2016
Week beginning 16 October 2016
Week beginning 23 October 2016
Week beginning 30 October 2016
Week beginning 6 November 2016
Week beginning 13 November 2016
Week beginning 20 November 2016
Week beginning 27 November 2016
Week beginning 4 December 2016
Week beginning 11 December 2016
Week beginning 18 December 2016
Week beginning 25 December 2016
Week beginning 1 January 2017
Week beginning 8 January 2017
Week beginning 15 January 2017
Week beginning 22 January 2017
Week beginning 29 January 2017
Week beginning 5 February 2017
Week beginning 12 February 2017
Week beginning 19 February 2017
Week beginning 26 February 2017
Week beginning 5 March 2017
Week beginning 12 March 2017
Week beginning 19 March 2017
Week beginning 26 March 2017
PART I INTERNATIONALORGANIZATIONS
United Nations (UN)
António Guterres
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Member States of the UN
Further Reading
Secretaries-General since 1945
Current Leaders
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Preamble
United Nations System
Administrator: Helen Clark (New Zealand).
Executive Director: Anthony Lake (USA).
Executive Director: Dr Babatunde Osotimehin (Nigeria).
Executive Director: Erik Solheim (Norway).
Executive Director: Yury Fedotov (Russia).
High Commissioner: Filippo Grandi (Italy).
Commissioner-General: Pierre Krähenbühl (Switzerland).
High Commissioner: Prince Zeid bin Ra’ad (Jordan).
Address: Palais des Nations, 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland.
Address: Palais des Nations, 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland.
Address: 10 Viale Maestri del Lavoro, 10127 Turin, Italy.
Address: Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland.
Address: 5–53–70 Jingumae, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8925, Japan.
Address: Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland.
Address: 5–53–70 Jingumae, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8925, Japan.
Address: Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland.
Address: 20 avenue Appia, 1211 CH-Geneva 27, Switzerland.
Address: Marmorvej 51, PO Box 2695, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Address: 405 East 42nd St., New York, NY 10017, USA.
Address: 9–11 rue de Varembé, CH-1211 Geneva 20,
Specialized Agencies of the UN
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) — The World Bank
Current Leaders
Jim Yong Kim
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Headquarters: 1818 H St., NW, Washington, D.C., 20433, USA.
Further Reading
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
International Labour Organization (ILO)
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Current Leaders
Christine Lagarde
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Further Reading
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
Universal Postal Union (UPU)
World Health Organization (WHO)
Current Leaders
Margaret Chan Fung Fu-chun
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
Other Organs Related to the UN
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
World Trade Organization (WTO)
Further Reading
Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO)
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
UN Conventions
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Change
European Union (EU)
EU Institutions
European Commission
Current Leaders
Jean-Claude Juncker
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat)
Council of the European Union (Council of Ministers)
The European Council
Current Leaders
Donald Tusk
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
European Parliament
Court of Justice of the European Union
European Court of Auditors
European Central Bank
Other EU Structures
European Investment Bank (EIB)
European Data Protection Supervisor
European Ombudsman
Main EU Agencies
Further Reading
Council of Europe
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
Further Reading
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
European Space Agency (ESA)
CERN – The European Organization for Nuclear Research
Central European Initiative (CEI)
Nordic Council
Nordic Development Fund (NDF)
Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)
Council of the Baltic Sea States
European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC)
Danube Commission
European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC)
Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS)
Amnesty International (AI)
Further Reading
Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
Commonwealth
Member States of the Commonwealth
Further Reading
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
Eurasian Economic Union (EEU)
International Air Transport Association (IATA)
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
Further Reading
International Criminal Court (ICC)
Further Reading
International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA)
International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
International Organisation of La Francophonie
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
International Road Federation (IRF)
International Seabed Authority (ISA)
International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
International Tribunal for the Lawof the Sea (ITLOS)
International Union Against Cancer (UICC)
Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
INTERPOL (International Criminal Police Organization)
Islamic Development Bank
Médecins Sans Frontières/Doctors Without Borders (MSF)
Nobel Prizes
Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Current Leaders
Jens Stoltenberg
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Further Reading
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO)
World Council of Churches
Further Reading
World Customs Organization
World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
African Development Bank
African Export–Import Bank (Afreximbank)
African Union (AU)
Further Reading
Bank of Central African States (BEAC)
Central Bank of West African States (BCEAO)
Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)
East African Community (EAC)
East African Development Bank (EADB)
Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
Further Reading
Intergovernmental Authority on Development
Lake Chad Basin Commission
Niger Basin Authority
Southern African Customs Union (SACU)
Southern African Development Community (SADC)
Tripartite Free Trade Area (TFTA)
West African Development Bank (BOAD)
West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA)
Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL)
Andean Community
Association of Caribbean States (ACS)
Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
Further Reading
Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)
Central American Bank for Economic Integration (CABEI)
Central American Integration System (SICA)
Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB)
Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
Latin American Economic System (SELA)
Latin American Integration Association (ALADI/LAIA)
Latin American Reserve Fund
Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)
Organization of American States (OAS)
Pacific Alliance
Secretariat for Central American Economic Integration (SIECA)
Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR)
Union of South American Nations(UNASUR)
Asian Development Bank
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)
Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC)
Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
ASEAN-Mekong Basin Development Co-operation(Mekong Group)
Further Reading
Colombo Plan
Economic Co-operation Organization (ECO)
Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)
Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC)
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC)
Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)
Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)
Arab Organization for Agricultural Development (AOAD)
Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC)
Further Reading
League of Arab States
Further Reading
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
Further Reading
OPEC Fund for International Development
Environmental Organizations
Friends of the Earth International
Global Environment Facility (GEF)
Greenpeace International
World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)
Treaties
Antarctic Treaty
Further Reading
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
Leading Think Tanks
African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD)
American Enterprise Institute (for Public Policy Research)
Asian Development Bank Institute
Barcelona Centre for International Affairs (CIDOB)
Brookings Institution
Bruegel
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Carnegie Middle East Center
Carnegie Moscow Center
Cato Institute
Center for a New American Security
Center for American Progress
Center for Strategic and International Studies
Centre for Economic Policy Research
Centre for European Policy Studies
Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)
Chatham House (Royal Institute of International Affairs)
China Institute of International Studies (CIIS)
China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Council on Foreign Relations
Danish Institute for International Studies
European Council on Foreign Relations
Fraser Institute
French Institute of International Relations (IFRI)
Friedrich Ebert Foundation (Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung; FES)
Fundação Getulio Vargas
German Council on Foreign Relations
German Development Institute (DIE)
German Institute for International and Security Affairs (Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik; SWP)
Heritage Foundation
Human Rights Watch
Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA)
Institute of World Economy and International Relations
International Crisis Group
International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS)
Japan Institute of International Affairs (JIIA)
Kiel Institute for the World Economy (Institut für Weltwirtschaft an der Universität Kiel; IfW)
Konrad Adenauer Foundation (Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung)
Korea Development Institute (KDI)
Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP)
National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Netherlands Institute of International Relations‘Clingendael’
Peterson Institute for International Economics
Pew Research Center
RAND Corporation
Royal United Services Institute
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)
Transparency International
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
PART II COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD A—Z
AFGHANISTAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai
Position
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Calendar
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ALBANIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Bujar Nishani
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Edi Rama
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ALGERIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Abdelaziz Bouteflika
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Abdelmalek Sellal
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ANDORRA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Antoni Martí Petit
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ANGOLA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
José Eduardo dos Santos
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Gaston Browne
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ARGENTINA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Independence
Perón
Falklands War
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Mauricio Macri
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ARMENIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Serzh Sargsyan
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
AUSTRALIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Trade and Prosperity
Social and Constitutional Reform
Post-War Recovery
Free Market Politics
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
Federal Government
State Government
Administration of Territories
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Malcolm Turnbull
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
High Court
Other Federal Courts
State Courts
Industrial Tribunals
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
AUSTRALIAN TERRITORIES AND STATES
Australian Capital Territory
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
AUSTRALIAN TERRITORIES AND STATES
Australian Capital Territory
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Northern Territory
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
New South Wales
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Queensland
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
South Australia
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Tasmania
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Banking and Finance
Budget
Banking and Finance
Budget
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Victoria
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Brown Coal
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Western Australia
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
AUSTRALIAN EXTERNAL TERRITORIES
Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Australian Antarctic Territory
Christmas Island
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Coral Sea Islands
Heard and McDonald Islands
Norfolk Island
AUSTRIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Holy Roman Empire
Enlightened Despotism
German Alliance
Nazism
Post-War Period
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Alexander Van der Bellen
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Christian Kern
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
Trade Fairs
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
AZERBAIJAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Ilham Aliyev
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Artur Rasizade
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
Nakhichevan
Nagorno-Karabakh
BAHAMAS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Perry Christie
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Navy
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BAHRAIN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
HH Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al-Khalifa
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BANGLADESH
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Sheikh Hasina Wajed
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BARBADOS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Freundel Stuart
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BELARUS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Alyaksandr Rygorovich Lukashenka
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BELGIUM
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Trade Centres
War of Succession
Towards Independence
The Congo
European Union
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Charles Michel
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
Trade Fairs
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BELIZE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Dean Barrow
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BENIN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Patrice Talon
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BHUTAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Tshering Tobgay
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BOLIVIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Juan Evo Morales Ayma
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Mladen Ivanić
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
Police
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BOTSWANA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Lieut.-Gen. Seretse Khama Ian Khama
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BRAZIL
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Independence
Economic Problems
Return to Democracy
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Michel Temer
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Ethanol
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BRUNEI
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Sultan Sir Hassanal Bolkiah (Sultan of Brunei
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BULGARIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Rumen Radev
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Boyko Borisov
Position
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BURKINA FASO
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Roch Marc Christian Kaboré
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
BURUNDI
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Pierre Nkurunziza
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CABO VERDE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Jorge Carlos Fonseca
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CAMBODIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Hun Sen
Position
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CAMEROON
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Paul Biya
Position
Introduction
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CANADA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
English–French Rivalry
Dominion Status
Prosperity and Reform
Post-War Politics
Indian Rights
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Justin Trudeau
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Livestock
Livestock Products
Forestry
Fur Trade
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CANADIAN PROVINCES
GENERAL DETAILS
Local Government
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Alberta
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
British Columbia
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Manitoba
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
New Brunswick
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Newfoundland and Labrador
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Nova Scotia
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Ontario
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
FURTHER READING
Prince Edward Island
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Quebec—Québec
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
FURTHER READING
Saskatchewan
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
The Northwest Territories
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Forestry
Trapping and Game
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Welfare
FURTHER READING
Nunavut
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Minerals
Hunting and Trapping
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Yukon
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fur Trade
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Faustin-Archange Touadéra
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CHAD
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Idriss Déby
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CHILE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Bourbon Rule
Independence
Conflict with the USA
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Michelle Bachelet
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CHINA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Genghis Khan
Nationalism and Communism
Expansionism
Cultural Revolution
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
Tibet
SOCIAL STATISTICS—CHINA
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Xi Jinping
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Li Keqiang
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Nuclear Weapons
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Wind
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
Hong Kong
Xianggang
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
THE BRITISH ADMINISTRATION
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
Festivals
FURTHER READING
Macao
Região Administrativa Especial de Macau
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVE
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Financ
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
FURTHER READING
Taiwan
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
DEFENCE
Army
NavyNavy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
Festivals
FURTHER READING
COLOMBIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Juan Manuel Santos Calderón
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
COMOROS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Azali Assoumani
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Independence and Anarchy
Violence and Collapse
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Joseph Kabila
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CONGO, REPUBLIC OF THE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Denis Sassou-Nguesso
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
COSTA RICA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Luis Guillermo Solís
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Wing
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CÔTE D’IVOIRE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Alassane Ouattara
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CROATIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Andrej Plenković
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CUBA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Raúl Modesto Castro Ruz
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITU
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
CYPRUS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Nicos Anastasiades
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
National Guard
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus (TRNC)
GENERAL DETAILS
FURTHER READING
CZECH REPUBLIC
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Hussite Revolution
Enlightened Despotism
Creation of the State
Nazi Occupation
Soviet Domination
Prague Spring
Velvet Revolution
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Miloš Zeman
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Bohuslav Sobotka
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
DENMARK
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Imperial Rise and Fall
Social Reform
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Lars Løkke Rasmussen
Position
Introductio
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
Home Guard (Hjemmeværnet)
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Wind
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
The Faroe Islands
GENERAL DETAILS
FURTHER READING
Greenland
GENERAL DETAILS
FURTHER READING
DJIBOUTI
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Ismail Omar Guelleh
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
DOMINICA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Charles Angelo Savarin
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Roosevelt Skerrit
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Danilo Medina Sánchez
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ECUADOR
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Rafael Correa
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
EGYPT
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Abdel Fattah al-Sisi
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Suez Canal
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
EL SALVADOR
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Salvador Sánchez Cerén
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Brig.-Gen. Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ERITREA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Issaias Afewerki
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ESTONIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Kersti Kaljulaid
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Jüri Ratas
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ETHIOPIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Hailemariam Desalegn
Position
Introduction
Early Life
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
MineralsGold
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Calendar
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
FIJI
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Jioji Konrote
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama
Position
Introduction
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
FINLAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Civil War
Winter War
Pacifying Russia
Defending Neutrality
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Sauli Niinistö
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Juha Sipilä
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Border Guard
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Primary and Secondary Education
Tertiary Education
University Education
Adult Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
FRANCE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Rising Power
Revolution
Second Empire
European War
Fifth Republic
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
Languages
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
Local Government
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Emmanuel Macron
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Nuclear Weapons
Army
Gendarmerie
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Franc Zone
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
Trade Fairs
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Penal code
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
Religious Festivals
Cultural Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
DEPARTMENTS AND COLLECTIVITIES OVERSEAS
GENERAL DETAILS
FURTHER READING
OVERSEAS DEPARTMENTS AND REGIONS
French Guiana
Guadeloupe
Martinique
Mayotte
Réunion
OVERSEAS COLLECTIVITIES
French Polynesia
St Barthélemy
St Martin
St Pierre and Miquelon
New Caledonia
Wallis and Futuna
SUI GENERIS COLLECTIVITIES
New Caledonia
Southern and Antarctic Territories
MINOR TERRITORIES
Clipperton Island
GABON
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Ali-Ben Bongo Ondimba
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Emmanuel Issoze-Ngondet
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
THE GAMBIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Adama Barrow
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budge
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
GEORGIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Giorgi Margvelashvili
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Giorgi Kvirikashvili
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
Abkhazia
Adjara
South Ossetia
GERMANY
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Habsburg Rule
Reformation
Thirty Years War
Unification
Bismarck
First World War
Rise of Hitler
Race to War
Post-War Period
Reunification
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Frank-Walter Steinmeier
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Angela Merkel
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Arms Trade
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Wind
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
Trade Fairs
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
THE BUNDESLÄNDER
Baden-Württemberg
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
FURTHER READING
Bavaria
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
EducationIn
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
Festivals
FURTHER READING
Berlin
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Brandenburg
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Bremen
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Hamburg
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
Hamburg
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Hessen
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Lower Saxony
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
FURTHER READING
Mecklenburg-West Pomerania
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
North Rhine-Westphalia
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Rhineland-Palatinate
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Saarland
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
FURTHER READING
Saxony
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Saxony-Anhalt
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Education
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Schleswig-Holstein
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Thuringia
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
GHANA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Nana Akufo-Addo
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
GREECE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Prokopis Pavlopoulos
Position
Introduction
Career in Office
Alexis Tsipras
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
GRENADA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Keith Mitchell
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Royal Grenada Police Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
GUATEMALA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULAT
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Jimmy Morales
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
GUINEA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Alpha Condé
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
GUINEA-BISSAU
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
José Mário Vaz
Position
Introduction
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
GUYANA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
David Granger
Position
Introduction
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
HAITI
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Jovenel Moïse
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
HONDURAS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Juan Orlando Hernández
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
HUNGARY
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Ottoman Threat
Challenge to Habsburg Rule
Dual Monarchy
Soviet Rule
Gradual Reform
Post Communism
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
János Áder
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Viktor Orbán
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ICELAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Home Rule
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Guðni Thorlacius Jóhannesson
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Bjarni Benediktsson
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Navy
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
INDIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Empire Building
European Influence
East India Company
Growing Nationalism
Partitions
Recent Politics
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
State Legislatures
Legislation
Fundamental Rights
Citizenship
Parliament
Language
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Pranab Mukherjee
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Narendra Modi
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Nuclear Weapons
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Wind
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Opium
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
Companies
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Calendar
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
STATES AND TERRITORIES
Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Bihar
Chhattisgarh
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu and Kashmir
GENERAL DETAILS
Jharkhand
Karnataka
Kerala
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Odisha
Punjab
GENERAL DETAILS
FURTHER READING
Rajasthan
Sikkim
Tamil Nadu
Telangana
Tripura
Uttar Pradesh
Uttarakhand
West Bengal
GENERAL DETAILS
UNION TERRITORIES
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Chandigarh
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Daman and Diu
Delhi
Lakshadweep
Puducherry
INDONESIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Joko Widodo
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
IRAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Ayatollah Seyed Ali Khamenei
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Hassan Rouhani
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Nuclear Weapons
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Calendar
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
IRAQ
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Alexander
Rise of Baghdad
Ottoman Rule
British Mandate
1991 War
Weapons Inspections
Fall of Saddam
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Fuad Masum
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Haider al-Abadi
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
Kurdistan
IRELAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Nordic Invasion
Ulster Rebellion
Religious Divide
Home Rule Campaign
Civil War
Independence
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Michael D. Higgins
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Enda Kenny
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Corps
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Peat
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Inland Waterways
Telecommunications
eir—Operational Information
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ISRAEL
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Roman Rule
Christianity
Crusades
Zionism
Arab Israeli Wars
Peace Process
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Binyamin Netanyahu
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Nuclear Weapons
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Calendar
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
Palestinian Territories
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Budget
Overview
Currency
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Forestry
COMMUNICATIONS
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Tourism
FURTHER READING
ITALY
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Roman Domination
Fall of Rome
North South Divide
Plague
Renaissance
Unification
Twentieth Century
Post-War Period
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Paolo Gentiloni
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
JAMAICA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Andrew Holness
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
World Heritage Sites
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
JAPAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Shogun
Isolation
Rise of the Military
Pearl Harbor
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Shinzo Abe
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Coastguard
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
JORDAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Abdullah Bin Al Hussein II
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
KAZAKHSTAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Nursultan Abishuly Nazarbayev
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Nuclear Weapons
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
KENYA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Uhuru Kenyatta
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
KIRIBATI
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Taneti Maamau
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
KOREA, NORTH
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
National Unity
Japanese Influence
Korea Divided
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Kim Jong-un
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Nuclear Weapons
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Calendar
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
KOREA, SOUTH
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
National Unity
Japanese Influence
Korea Divided
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Hwang Kyo-ahn
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
KUWAIT
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Sheikh Sabah al-Ahmed al-Jaber al-Sabah
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
KYRGYZSTAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Almazbek Atambayev
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rai
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
LAOS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Bounnhang Vorachit
Position
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
LATVIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Raimonds Vējonis
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Māris Kučinskis
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
LEBANON
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Michel Aoun
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Saad al-Hariri
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
LESOTHO
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Pakalitha Bethuel Mosisili
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performanc
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
LIBERIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
LIBYA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Fayez Serraj
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Abdullah al-Thanay
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Khalifa al-Ghawi
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
LIECHTENSTEIN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Hans-Adam II
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
LITHUANIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Dalia Grybauskaitė
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Saulius Skvernelis
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
LUXEMBOURG
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Xavier Bettel
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
Trade Fairs
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MACEDONIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Gjorgje Ivanov
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITU
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MADAGASCAR
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Hery Rajaonarimampianina
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MALAŴI
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Peter Mutharika
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Wing
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
Trade Fairs
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MALAYSIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
British Influence
Colonial Rule
Post-War Period
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Sultan Muhammad V
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Dato’ Sri Haji Mohd Najib bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MALDIVES
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Abdulla Yameen
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MALI
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MALTA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Marie-Louise Coleiro Preca
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Joseph Muscat
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
Trade Fairs
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MARSHALL ISLANDS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Hilda C. Heine
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MAURITANIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Gen. Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
Position
Introduction
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MAURITIUS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Pravind Jugnauth
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MEXICO
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Enrique Peña Nieto
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MICRONESIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Peter Christian
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
World Heritage Sites
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MOLDOVA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Igor Dodon
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MONACO
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Albert II
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MONGOLIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Jargaltulgyn Erdenebat
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MONTENEGRO
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Kosovo
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Filip Vujanović
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
Environment
INDUSTRY
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MOROCCO
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Mohammed VI ibn al-Hassan
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Saadeddine Othmani
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labou
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
Western Sahara
GENERAL DETAILS
FURTHER READING
MOZAMBIQUE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Filipe Nyusi
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
MYANMAR
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Htin Kyaw
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
World Heritage Sites
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
NAMIBIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Hage Geingob
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
NAURU
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Baron Divavesi Waqa
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Baron Divavesi Waqa
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Fisheries
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
NEPAL
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Bidhya Devi Bhandari
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Pushpa Kamal Dahal (Prachanda)
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
THE NETHERLANDS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Burgundian Rule
Unknown
Burgundian Rule
Independence and the Golden Age
Unknown
Independence and the Golden Age
Napoleon
Unknown
Napoleon
European War
Unknown
European War
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Mark Rutte
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
Sint Maarten
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Performance
Banking and Finance
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Civil Aviation
Shipping
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
AUTONOMOUS SPECIAL MUNICIPALITIES OF THE NETHERLANDS
Bonaire
Saba
Sint Eustatius
NEW ZEALAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
British Ascendancy
Economic Boom
Twentieth Century
Welfare State
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Bill English
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
Unknown
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Ombudsmen
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
NICARAGUA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Daniel Ortega
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
NIGER
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Mahamadou Issoufou
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
NIGERIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Muhammadu Buhari
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
NORWAY
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Viking Strength
Independence
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Erna Solberg
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
Home Guard
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
OMAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Qaboos bin Said
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
PAKISTAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Mamnoon Hussain
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Nawaz Sharif
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Nuclear Weapons
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
PALAU
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Tommy Remengesau, Jr
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
PANAMA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Juan Carlos Varela
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Panama Canal
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Peter O’Neill
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
PARAGUAY
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Horacio Cartes
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
PERU
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
PHILIPPINES
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Rodrigo Duterte
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Constabulary
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
POLAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Polish Wars
Second World War
Post-War Reform
Solidarity
Western Integration
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Andrzej Duda
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Beata Szydlo
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
PORTUGAL
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Empire Building
Spanish Rule
Dictatorship to Democracy
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
António Costa
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
QATAR
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Tamim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
Rail
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ROMANIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Klaus Iohannis
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Sorin Grindeanu
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
RUSSIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Romanovs
Catherine the Great
Revolution
Stalin
Soviet Reform
Post-Soviet Era
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Nuclear Weapons
Chemical and Biological Weapons
Arms Trade
Army
Strategic Nuclear Ground Forces
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
GENERAL DETAILS
FURTHER READING
Unknown
Chukot
Khanty-Mansi
Nenets
Yamalo-Nenets
Yevreyskaya (Jewish) Autonomous Oblast (Province)
RWANDA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Independence
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Paul Kagame
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Anastase Murekezi
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ST KITTS AND NEVIS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Timothy Harris
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ST LUCIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Allen Chastanet
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ST VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Dr Ralph E. Gonsalves
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SAMOA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Tuila’epa Sailele Malielegaoi
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SAN MARINO
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Vanessa D’Ambrosio
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Mimma Zavoli
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SÃO TOMÉ AND PRÍNCIPE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Evaristo Carvalho
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SAUDI ARABIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
Air Defence Force
National Guard
Industrial Security Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Calendar
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SENEGAL
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Macky Sall
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SERBIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Kosovo
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Tomislav Nikolic
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Aleksandar Vucic
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
Environment
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
FURTHER READING
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Education
SEYCHELLES
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Danny Faure
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Coastguard
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Water
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SIERRA LEONE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Ernest Bai Koroma
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SINGAPORE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Lee Hsien Loong
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
Trade Fairs
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
Festivals
World Heritage Sites
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SLOVAKIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Andrej Kiska
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Robert Fico
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
SLOVENIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Borut Pahor
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Miro Cerar
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SOLOMON ISLANDS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Manasseh Sogavare
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SOMALIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SOUTH AFRICA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Boer War
Apartheid
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SOUTH AFRICAN PROVINCES
Eastern Cape
Free State
Gauteng
KwaZulu-Natal
Limpopo
Mpumalanga
Northern Cape
North-West
Western Cape
SOUTH SUDAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Salva Kiir Mayardit
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
Minerals
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SPAIN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
The Modern State
End of Empire
Civil War
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
European Parliament
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Mariano Rajoy
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Guardia Civil
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Wind
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SRI LANKA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Maithripala Sirisena
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Ranil Wickremesinghe
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SUDAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Egyptian Ascendancy
Rise of the Mahdi
Independence
Accelerating Violence
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Field Marshal Omar Hassan Ahmed al-Bashir
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SURINAME
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Desiré Delano ‘Dési’ Bouterse
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SWAZILAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Mswati III
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army Air Wing
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SWEDEN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Empire Building
Modern Economy
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
European Parliament
CURRENT LEADERS
Stefan Löfven
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SWITZERLAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Doris Leuthard
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
SYRIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Bashar al-Assad
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
TAJIKISTAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Emomalii Rakhmon
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
TANZANIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
John Magufuli
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
THAILAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Prayuth Chan-ocha
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
TIMOR-LESTE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Taur Matan Ruak
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Rui Maria de Araújo
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
TOGO
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Faure Gnassingbé
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
TONGA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Samiuela ‘Akilisi Pohiva
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Anthony Carmona
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Keith Rowley
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
Imports and Exports
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
TUNISIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Beji Caid Essebsi
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Youssef Chahed
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
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RELIGION
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DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
TURKEY
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Binali Yıldırım
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
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DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
TURKMENISTAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
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Press
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Calendar
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
TUVALU
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Enele Sopoaga
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
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Press
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DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
UGANDA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
British Rule
Economic Development
Independence
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Yoweri Museveni
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
UKRAINE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Petro Poroshenko
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Volodymyr Groysman
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Currency
Overview
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
Crimea
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed al-Nahyan
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Norman Conquest
American Colonies
Second World War
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
Local Government
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Theresa May
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Wind
Minerals
Steel and Metals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Inland Waterways
Telecommunications
Internet
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Education
British Council
Health
Personal Social Services
Welfare
Non-Contributory Benefits
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ENGLAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
COMMUNICATIONS
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Education
Health
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FURTHER READING
SCOTLAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Water
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
FURTHER READING
WALES
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Water
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
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Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Tourism
Festivals
FURTHER READING
NORTHERN IRELAND
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Police
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Tourism
FURTHER READING
ISLE OF MAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
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Press
Tourism
FURTHER READING
CHANNEL ISLANDS
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Fisheries
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
COMMUNICATIONS
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Jersey
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Guernsey
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Banking and Finance
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Alderney
GENERAL DETAILS
FURTHER READING
Sark
GENERAL DETAILS
FURTHER READING
UNITED KINGDOM OVERSEAS TERRITORIES
Anguilla
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Bermuda
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
FURTHER READING
British Antarctic Territory
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
British Indian Ocean Territory
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
British Virgin Islands
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Cayman Islands
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Falkland Islands
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunication
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Gibraltar
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Agriculture
INDUSTRY
Labour
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
World Heritage Sites
FURTHER READING
Montserrat
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Pitcairn Island
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Forestry
Fisheries
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
FURTHER READING
St Helena, Ascension andTristan da Cunha
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
FURTHER READING
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
COMMUNICATIONS
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia in Cyprus
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
The Turks and Caicos Islands
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATION
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Press
Tourism
FURTHER READING
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
Independence
Civil War
New Deal
Civil Rights
Watergate
End to the Cold War
'War on Terror’
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
Presidency
Local Government
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Donald Trump
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
The Marine Corps
The US Coast Guard
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
National Income
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Wind
Ethanol
Water
Non-Fuel Minerals
Coal
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
Tennessee Valley Authority
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
OFFICIAL STATISTICAL INFORMATION
OTHER OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
STATES AND TERRITORIES
GENERAL DETAILS
FURTHER READING
Alabama
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Alaska
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Arizona
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Arkansas
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
California
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Colorado
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
Trade Fairs
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Connecticut
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Delaware
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
District of Columbia
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Florida
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Georgia
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Hawaii
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
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COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Idaho
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
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INDUSTRY
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Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Illinois
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Indiana
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
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COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Iowa
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
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COMMUNICATIONS
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
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Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Kansas
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
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INDUSTRY
Labour
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
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Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Kentucky
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
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INDUSTRY
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Justice
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Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Louisiana
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
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Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Maine
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
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INDUSTRY
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Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Maryland
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
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Justice
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Health
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RELIGION
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FURTHER READING
Massachusetts
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
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Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
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FURTHER READING
Michigan
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Minnesota
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Mississippi
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
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INDUSTRY
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COMMUNICATIONS
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
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Tourism
FURTHER READING
Missouri
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Montana
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
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Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Nebraska
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Nevada
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
New Hampshire
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
New Jersey
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
Electricity
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
New Mexico
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
New York State
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
North Carolina
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
North Dakota
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Ohio
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Oklahoma
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Electricity
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Oregon
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
Oil and Gas
Electricity
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Pennsylvania
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Rhode Island
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
South Carolina
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
South Dakota
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Tennessee
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Oil and Gas
Electricity
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Texas
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Utah
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Vermont
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
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SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Virginia
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
Oil and Gas
Electricity
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Washington State
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
West Virginia
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Wisconsin
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Electricity
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
FURTHER READING
Wyoming
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Oil and Gas
Water
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
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Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
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RELIGION
FURTHER READING
OUTLYING TERRITORIES
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Water
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
Performance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Water
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
American Samoa
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Overview
Budget
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Water
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
Guam
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Budget
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Water
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
FURTHER READING
Virgin Islands of the United States
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
Currency
Budget
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Water
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
Tourism
Other Unincorporated Territories
Howland Island
Jarvis Island
Johnston Atoll
Kingman Reef
Midway Islands
Navassa Island
Wake Island
Incorporated Territories
Palmyra Atoll
URUGUAY
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Tabaré Vázquez
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
UZBEKISTAN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Shavkat Mirziyoyev
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
Karakalpak Autonomous Republic (Karakalpakstan)
VANUATU
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Charlot Salwai
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
VATICAN CITY STATE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Pope Francis
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
COMMUNICATIONS
Civil Aviation
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
RELIGION
Roman Catholic Church
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
VENEZUELA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Nicolás Maduro
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
VIETNAM
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Nguyen Phu Trong
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Nguyen Xuan Phuc
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
YEMEN
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Abd Rabbo Mansour Hadi
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
Saleh Ali al-Sammad
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Navy
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ZAMBIA
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Edgar Lungu
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Oil and Gas
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
ZIMBABWE
KEY HISTORICAL EVENTS
TERRITORY AND POPULATION
SOCIAL STATISTICS
CLIMATE
CONSTITUTION AND GOVERNMENT
National Anthem
GOVERNMENT CHRONOLOGY
RECENT ELECTIONS
CURRENT GOVERNMENT
CURRENT LEADERS
Robert Mugabe
Position
Introduction
Early Life
Career in Office
DEFENCE
Army
Air Force
ECONOMY
Overview
Currency
Budget
Performance
Banking and Finance
ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Environment
Electricity
Minerals
Agriculture
Forestry
Fisheries
INDUSTRY
Labour
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Imports and Exports
COMMUNICATIONS
Roads
Rail
Civil Aviation
Shipping
Telecommunications
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Justice
Education
Health
Welfare
RELIGION
CULTURE
World Heritage Sites
Press
Tourism
Festivals
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES
FURTHER READING
STATESMAN’S YEARBOOK SELECT SOURCES
ABBREVIATIONS
CURRENT LEADERS INDEX
PLACE AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS INDEX