The National Cyclopaedia of Biography being the History of the United States [12]

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THE NATIONAL in

CYCLOPAEDIA OF AMERICAN"

BIOGRAPHY BEING THE

HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES AS ILLUSTRATED IN THE LIVES OF THE FOUNDERS, BUILDERS, AND DEFENDERS OF THE REPUBLIC, AND OF THE MEN* AND WOMEN WHO ARE

DOING THE WORK AND MOULDING THE THOUGHTS OF THE PRESENT TIME

EDITED BY

DISTINGUISHED BIOGRAPHERS, SELECTED FROM EACH STATE REVISED AND APPROVED BY THE MOST EMINENT HISTORIANS, SCHOLARS, AND

STATESMEN OF THE DAY

VOLUME

JAMES

T.

NEW YORK WHITE & COMPANY 1904

'

X]

COPYKIGHT, 1904,

BY JAMES

T.

WHITE & COMPANY

reserved.] [All rights

\~7(o

THE NATIONAL

CYCLOPEDIA OF AMEEICAN" BIOGRAPHY. BUTLER, David, first state governor of Nebraska (1807-70), was born near Linton, Green Co., He received a limited disInd., Dec. 15, 1829. died trict school education, and his father having before he had attained his majority, the care of the large family early devolved upon him. He engaged in farming, mercantile busi-

successively ness and cattle dealing, and acquired a considerHe able fortune, but lost it in the panic of 1857. removed to Pawnee City, Neb., in 1859, and after to the bar in 1861. studying law, was admitted Beside practicing his prpfession, he continued to do mere-untile busings. He was elected a member of the Nebraska territorial legislature in 1861, and of the territorial senate in 1863. On Mar. 1, the Union, and 1867, Nebraska was admitted to he was elected its first state governor by a majorof 145 votes over J. S. Morton, his Democratic ity

re-elected by a much larger majority in and while serving his second term he was

ii|'i|Minent,

IM;S.

He was Sergeant's Bluff on the Missouri river. one of the first settlers in Dakota county, Neb. In the fall of 1870 he was elected secretary of the state on the Republican ticket, and by virtue of this office became governor of Nebraska upon the impeachment of Gov. Butler Mar. 4, 1871. The legislature convening but once every two years he delivered his only message Jan. 10, 1873, and three days after was superseded by Gov. Furnas.

FTJRNAS, Robert Wilkinson,

third governor 1873-74) was born in Miami county, O., May 5, 1824, a twin son of William and Martha (Jenkins) Furnas, of Quaker descent. His parents died of cholera when he was eight years old and thereafter he was mainly dependent on his own exertions for a livelihood. While attending school he was employed on farms, in stores and as an and then by a apprentice, first by a tinsmith Upon completing his apprenticeship in printer. 1844 he managed a printing concern at Cincinnati, of

Nebraska

(

,

an unsuccessful candidate for the U. S. senate. He was again re-elected governor in 1870, and durmade against ing this, his third term, charges were him of irregularities in administering the school " which he managed until the braska Advertiser fund of the state. He was accordingly impeached of representatives in March, outbreak of the civil war. house Nebraska the by misdemeanor in In 1861 he was commis1871, and being found guilty of a sioned by Pres. Lincoln a office on one of the eleven articles of impeachcolonel in the regular army ment, he was removed from the executive chair, of and organized and comhis third term being filled by the secretary manded three regiments of state. William H. James, who became acting governor under the constitution. Six years later the Cherokee, Creek. Seminole, from Chickasaw and Choctaw Inlegislature rescinded the verdict of removal The years of Gov. dians, having for guide the office, expunging the record. Indian chief Opothleoholo, Butler's administration were marked by an unand of who had been the leading precedented growth of material prosperity creative period of spirit in the Florida war of population, and constitute the the state. During his incumbency the state cap- 1834. He subsequently held a commission as colonel of ital was removed from Omaha to Lincoln, then After ten years' the 2d Nebraska cavalry, just founded, December, 1867. retirement from active political life, he was served in the war against elected to the state senate as an independent in the Sioux Indians, and was appointed agent for the 1882, and in 1888 he was the unsuccessful candidate of the Union Labor party for,governor. Gov. Omaha, Ponca and WinneFor four Butler died near Pawnee City, Neb., May 25, 1891. bago Indians. terJAMES, William Hartford, second governor years he served in the ritorial legislature, framed the first educational of Nebraska (1871-72). was born in Marion county, His father was a native of law of Nebraska, organized and became presiO., Oct. 15, 1831. of agriculture, was president Maryland, but emigrated to Ohio in 1820. where dent of the board he followed the trade of tanner, and after 1842 of the first territorial educational convention and was engaged in merchandizing. He served with dis- is said to have built the first schoolhouse in the He was elected governor of Nebraska tinction in the war of 1812 and subsequently settling territory. in Ohio, was a member of the state legislature and in 1872^ as a Republican and served during 1873died there in 1868. The son removed to Des 74. In the latter year the state was visited by an Moines, la., in 1853 where he read law and after unusually long drought and a severe grasshopper to relieve which a being admitted to the bar began his practice at plague caused great suffering,

I

III-:

NATIONAL CYcmi'AKDIA

of state society was organized nnd $50,000 worth He was bonds' sold by tin' legislature of 187f). State' secretary and'tlic president of the Nebraska Horticultural Society, president of the State Sol dicrs' I'nioii and the State Historical Society, and For thirty-six conrecent of the State I niversity. in large fair lie engaged actively and during that time was eho-eii the S. commissioner to Philadelphia, New Orleans and Chicago expositions. In 1800 he retired to the life of a farmer and stock raiser and

secutive years

enterprises I

is

.

now

I

MMIli

conducting one of the largest fruit (!ov. Fnrnas uf the \Yc-t.

hum- and vineyards

of fourteen volumes of Nebraska is the author He was agricultural and horticultural reports. married at Cincinnati, O., Oct. 211, 1S4.">, to Mary F.., daughter of Daniel McComas, who died in 1S!>7, and in 11)01 was married to Mrs. Susannah (Eims\viler)

.lame.-on.

Silas, fourth governor of Nebraska (187f)-7S), was born in Logan county, O., Sept. 21, At the age of seventeen he removed to 1833.

GAKBEB,

Nebraska delegation. In 1878 he was elected governor of Nebraska by a large majority and served two years, after which he retired from political activity and engaged as a banker and broker in lie was married Sept. lid, 1H75, to Chicago, 111. Sarah, daughter of Kgbcrt and Mary White, of Farragut. la. DAWES, James William, sixth governor of Nebraska ISSii-.Stii. was born at McConnellsvillc. Morgan co.. ()., .Ian. (i, 1S45. son of Dr. F.dward M. and Caroline (Dana) Danes. When eleven years of age he removed with his parents to Newport, Wis.. where for several years he worked on his father's farm, attending the common school in He subsequently studied two terms in winter. the preparatory department of Western Reserve College and took a six months' course in a busilie was a merchant's ness college in Milwaukee, clerk at Kilbourn City. Wis., 1S(>4-(>S. and then entered the law office of John II. Dawes, at Fox I

In Clayton county, la., and engaged in farming. the" civil war he joined the Federal army and served with distinction throughout the conllict, first in the 3d Missouri regiment and then in the 27th Iowa infantry, attaining the rank of capFor four years after the war he was in tain. California, and hi May, 1870, he settled in WebTwo years later he laid out ster county. Neb. the town of Red Cloud, which became the county seat, and he was made the first probate. He also represented Webster. Nuckolls judge. and .lell'erson counties in the legislature, and served as register of the United States land office at Lincoln in 1873-74. In the latter year he was elected governor of Nebraska, and was re-elected iii His administration was marked by a 1876. general advance in the condition of the state finances and by progress in the educational insti tutions. During his first term a constitutional convention was held in Lincoln, June, 1875, and the new state constitution framed bv that body was adopted by a popular vote on October 10th following. After retiring from office Gov. Garber engaged in raising live stock.

NANCE,

Albinus, fifth governor of Nebraska was born at Lafayette, 111., Mar. 3, 1848, son of Dr. Hiram and Sarah (Smith) Nance, and grandson of William and Nancy (Smith) (1879-82),

Nance. His ancestors were French Huguenots, who emigrated to the new world and settled in North Carolina. He was educated in the schools of Lafayette and Kewanee, 111., and at the age of sixteen years enlisted as a private in the !)th Illinois He served until cavalry. the close of the civil war, and then matriculated at Knox College, Galesburg. but left after a year III., and began the study of law. He was admitted to the bar in

1S70,

and removing to

Nebraska

the following year, located at Osceola, Polk co., where he soon established a lucrative law In 1874 he was practice. elected a representative in the Nebraska legislature.

being re-elected two was later. made years He speaker of the house. was a delegate to the Republican national convention at Cincinnati in 1876. and was chairman of the

f~ S/Jl / f ^^i^UA^f i^T^u^/

anc '

Lake, Wis., and upon being admitted to the bar in January. 1871, located at Crete, Saline co., Neb., where he has since resided. He was engaged first in mercantile pursuits, and in 1877 took up the practice of law. Mr. Dawes was a member of the state constitutional convention of 1875, and in 1876 was a state senator from Saline county. He was chairman of the Republican state central committee for six years, and for four years following 1880 was a member of the Republican national committee, having been a delegate to the He was elected convention of 1880 in Chicago. governor of Nebraska in 1882, and was re-elected Gov. Dawes aided in establishing Doane in 1884. College at Crete in 1875, and has since been a trustee and secretary of that institution.

THAYER, John

Milton, seventh governor of

(1887-1)0), was born at Mass., ,1an. 24, 1820, son of Eliaa and

Nebraska

liellingham,

Ruth Thayer.

He

received an excellent preparatory education, and after graduating at Brown University in 1841 he studied law and was admitted to the bar.

Subsequently he went. West, stopping for a short time in Ohio, and settling in Omaha. Neb., shortly " Kansas-Nebraska act." after the passage of the He at once engaged in the practice of law and began taking an active interest in politics. He was originally a Democrat, but joined the Republican party in 1857. He was appointed brigadier-general of the territory and proved to be an excellent

OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY. In 1855 he was elected majorIndian fighter. (it the territorial forces by the legislature, and continued to hold that position until the commencement of the civil war. In July, 1859, he conducted the Pawnee war, in which the entire tribe was captured and put upon a reservation, and a year later he was chosen a member of the

general

territorial

legislature.

His

fighting experience proved of great value during the

civil He was comwar. missioned colonel by the war

department and took command of the first regiment that left Nebraska for the field.

He

displayed

great

bravery at Fort Donaldson and Shiloh, was appointed brigadier-general of volunservices," Oct. 4, 1862, rnd was placid in command of five Iowa regiments and a part of the 3d Illinois cavalry, with which he assisted General Sherman in the operations teers

"

for distinguished

He was breveted majoragainst Yicksburg. general of volunteers, Mar. 13, 1865, and resigning on July 19 following, returned to Nebraska. He was pruininent in organizing the territory of Nebraska into a state, and was elected one of the first two United States senators from the new He then destate, serving until Mar. 3, 1871. voted himself to his private business, retaining, however, his interest in politics. In 1875 he was

appointed governor of Wyoming territory, and served four years. In 1886 he was elected governor of Nebraska, and was re-elected in 18S8, his second term expiring in January, 1891, but on account of a contest pending against his successor he was allowed to hold over till February, 1892. After retiring from office he resumed the practice of law at Lincoln, Neb. Gov. Thayer was department commander of the G. A. R. in the state of Nebraska in 1886 fc He was married in 1843 to Mary Torrey, daughter of Rev. John Allen, a Baptist clergyman of Massachusetts.

BOYD, James E., eighth governor of Nebraska (1891-92), was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, Sept. it, 1834, son of Joseph and Margaret Boyd. When he was ten years of age his parents came to America and located in Belmont, 0., but moved to Zanesville in 1847. In August, 1856, he accompanied his brother to Omaha, where he found employment as a carpenter and joiner. years later he married H. Henry, a native of

a partner in the commission firm of Boyd, Paxton & Boyd of Chicago in 1886. He was a' member of the Chicago Board of Trade and of the New York stock exchange, was the owner of an extensive cattle ranch near Fort Fetterman, Wyo., and of the Boyd opera house, Omaha. He was clerk of Douglas county in 1857, and later of Buffalo county; was a member of the first statelegislature in 1866 and of both Nebraska state constitutional conventions of 1871 and 1875. He was regarded as one of the most public spirited citizens of Omaha, and during the two terms he was mayor, 1881-83 and 1885-87, he inaugurated of the improvements that have elevated the many

He was a delegate city to its present dignity. to the Democratic national conventions of 1884, 1888 and 1892, and a member of the national Democratic committee. In 1890 h:> was elected gov-

ernor by the Democratic party, but party spirit ran high, and a charge of ineligibility was brought against him to the effect that his father had never properly completed his naturalization, and the son was, therefore an alien and could not legally hold the office. Gov. Thayer at first refused to vacate the office, but finally did so under protest on Jan. 15, 1891. The state court took this view, and Gov. Boyd was removed from office May 5, 1891, but the case was carried to the United States supreme court, and ih^February, 1892, he was declared a citizen and was reinstated as governor. He served until Jan. 1, 1893, when he resumed the business of a grain commission merchant.

CROTTNSE, Lorenzo, ninth governor of Nebraska (1893-94), was born at Sharon, Sehoharie co., N. Y., Jan. 27, 1834, son of John and Margaret (Van Aernam) Crounse. His paternal grandparents came from Wittenberg, Germany, and settled in Albany, N. Y. He received his education in tha common schools and in the New York Conference Seminary, Charlotteville. When a boy lie worked in his father's tannery and later on he taught a district school to obtain the means to pursue his studies. He removed to Fort Plain, N. Y., in 1855 and there began the study of law in the office of Jacob Wendell two years later he was admitted* to the bar and beginning practice at Fort Plain continued there until 1861. On the outbreak of the civil war he raised a battery of was musartillery which tered into service as battery K, 1st New Y'ork light artillery, with himself as cap;

He was present at the battle of Cedar Mountain and other important conflicts and was wounded at Beverley's Ford on the Raptain.

Two

pahannock. The injuries received on the latter occa-

Anna Ham-

him that he was obliged to

ilton, Madison co., N. Y., and about the same time established a stock farm near In 1866 he Gibbon, Neb. obtained a grading contract on the Union Pacific railroad, and on his return to

Dm. ilia lie invested in the City Gas Works Co., of which he was manager in 1868 and 1869. TI.e following winter he organized and was first of the Omaha and Northwestern railpresident road. He was also largely interested in the cattle and pork packing business. He was president of the Omaha Board of Trade, 1881-83, and became

sion

so

seriously

disabled

resign after little over one In 1864 he year's service. removed to Nebraska and entered actively into politics as

a Republican, speedily gaining a leading po-

sition in public affairs. In 1865 he was elected to the territorial legislature, and was a member of the commission on Indian affairs and of that appointed In to draft a constitution for the proposed state. 1866 he was elected a justice of the supreme court by a large majority and on admission of the state Mar. 1, 1867, was duly inducted into office. On the expiration of his term on the bench in 1872, he was elected representative to the 43rd congress.

THE NATIONAL CYCLOPAEDIA

4 tl

44th and did notable

member of the commit t and militia. Be declined a sumed the practice ot law vice a- a

appointed

I

scr-

i

it

in

i

.

u

.1

ic

.'^^"^.pVes Hayes

Mirvears

I'res

Harrison

the American Order of Propreme commander of

^ma

honorary degree of I.L.I). Gov. rrieT at Eureka, 111., Oct. 12, Joseph B. 1809. to Maria, daughter of Rev. and Cynthia McCorkle. I

Charles Henry, twelfth governor 1901), was born at Aurora. 111., Nov. Caro2G, 1853, son of John Leonard and Frederika

DIETRICH,

of ill 18.)He resigned from the treasury department state as chief examt on bein- elected served the close of his ecutive during 1S93- !T). At the 1

um did not a"ain appear in a public capacity a state senNovember 1000. when he was elected lie was warned at ator fro,,,' the Tenth district, E. Griffiths. Fort Plain, N. Y., in 1 Stilt, to Mary lit.

Silas Alexander, tenth governor in Gibson Nebraska (1805-08), was born of John C. and countv Ind.. Aug. 25, 1858, son He received Lucimla Keavis Tskeltpn) Holcomb. at the age a common school education, and the seventeen he began to teach at school and fitting taking a course in the normal The death of his father himself for college. and 1878 however, left him head of the family In 18(9, with his cut short his college career. t mother and the younger children, he removed a Hamilton county, Neb., where he farmed^for the study of law. lie was year, and then began 13th of admitted to the bar in 1882. On April Bnnson the same year he was married to Alice and began the practice of law at Broken Bow, Neb where he soon became one of the leading

HOLCOMB,

of

**

i

i

,

In 1891 he lawyers of that portion of the state. was nominated by the Populists for district judge, and was elected for a term of four years over the a majority of less than Republican incumbent by one hundred. Two years later he was the nominee of his party for judge of the supreme court. ran nearly Although defeated for this office, he ten thousand votes ahead of his ticket and made such a favorable impression that the next year The cam(1894) he was nominated for governor. of the most exciting paign that followed was one

in the history of the state and resulted in Judge Holcomb's election, although the remainder of the party's ticket was defeated by pluralities ranging from ten thousand up. He was re-elected in 1896, and in 1898 was elected justice of the state supreme court for a term of six years.

POYNTER, William Amos,

eleventh governor born at Eureka, 111.,

of Nebraska ( 1899-1900) , was May 29, 1848, son of William Chapman

and Huldah Jane (Watkins) Poynter, and grandson of John and Martha Poynter. His father was a minister one of the pioneer settlers of by profession and Gov. Poynter was graduated at Eureka Illinois. College at the age of nineteen and followed the occupation of school teacher in Illinois until 1878. He then removed to Boone county, Neb., and purchasing a farm on Plumb Creek valley engaged in agriculture and stock raising. He soon became prominent in local politics and in 1884 was elected He was to represent his county in the legislature. a member of the Nebraska state senate in 1891 serving as president pro tern. He was vice-president of the Nebraska state board of agriculture for a number of years and was one of the members and vice-president of the state commission for the Trans-Mississippi exposition held at Omaha in The following year he was nominated and 1897. elected by the Fusion forces governor of Nebraska and served in this capacity from January, 1899, till January, 1901. In 1901 he was elected su-

Nebraska

(

His Dietrich. forced to flee from his native country on account of his esof liberty in 1848 and his wife pousal of the cause and seven children followed him to America a year The son atlater, landing at New Orleans, La. tended the public schools of Aurora, 111. until twelve years of age after which he worked among the farmers for four years. At the age of sixteen he entered the employ of the Wyeth Hardware Co.,

Wilhelmina

lina

father, a

Louisa

(Stine)

German shoe manufacturer, was

After folat St. Joseph, Mo., sen-ing three years. the same line in Chicago until 1873 he

lowing

decided to settle in Arkansas, but was robbed and almost killed by highwaymen before reaching his to S'ix months later he returned destination. Aurora, spent the winter of 1875-70 in the Black Hills of South Dakota and in 1877 he assisted in locating the Aurora mine, which was sold to a syndicate in the following year for a considerable sum. In 1878 he established a mercantile business at Hastings, Neb., and conducted it with success He was president of several stock for many years. in 1887 has companies and since its foundation been president of the German National Bank of was elected governor of Hastings. In 1900 he Nebraska and was inaugurated Jan. 3, 1901. On to accept a seat May 1st he resigned this position been in the United States senate, to which he had His senatorial term will exelected on Mar. 28th. He was married at Aurora, 111., pire Mar. 3, 1905. Adam May 4, 1878, to Elizabeth, daughter of Slaker, and has one daughter.

SAVAGE, Ezra Nebraska Apr.

Ind.,

Hannah

Perin, thirteenth governor of

was born at Connorsville, Benjamin Warren and Savage, and grandson of Samuel was lie Savage. (Campbell)

(1901-02), 3,

1842, son of

(Perin)

and Margaret brought up on a farm and was educated public schools of Davenport and at Iowa College, remaining at the latter until it

moved

to

Grinnell.

in the

He

served as a soldier and scout during the civil war under

Grant and Sherman, and in 1866 engaged in stock, grain and implement business at Lyons,

gan

la.

In 1873 he be-

cattle raising in

Craw-

ford county, la., moving his ranch to Custer county,

In Neb., six years later. 1SS3 he laid out the town and having of Sargent, then engaged in business in South Omaha. Neb., became first mayor of that city. 1886-88. He was a member of the Nebraska 'legislature in 1883-84, and in November. 1900, was elected on the Republican ticket lieutenant-governor of the state, with On the hitter's C. H. Dietrich for governor. election to the United States senate in March,

Mr. Savage became governor, and served Jan. 1, 1903, when he was succeeded by John H. Mickey. Gov. Savage was married: first, Oct. 11, 1866, to Anna C., daughter of Charles 1901, until

OF AMEEICAN BIOGRAPHY.

of

!),

who

died Aug. 25, 1883; second, daughter of Daniel Hess, She died Mar. 1. 1899.

Rich, of Chicago,

Mar.

1896, to Elvira,

Lyons, la.

MICKEY, John Hopwood,

fourteenth governor

was born near Burlington, la., Sept. 30, 1845, son of Oliver Perry and Betsey Ann (Davison) Mickey. His father was a pioneer of

Nebraska (1903

04),

Iowa, who located there in 1836, and in 1847 the family removed to Louisa county, where in the common schools young Mickey received his earlv education. In 1803 he enlisted as a private in the 8th Iowa cavalry and served until the close of the war, taking' part in Sherman's camand in the paign until the surrender of Atlanta, in

Tennessee campaign under Hood and Thomas. On returning to Iowa he studied at Wesleyan Coland lege, Mount Pleasant, la., for two years, then engaged in school teaching, devoting himIn self to farming during the vacation periods. 1868 he took up a homestead claim in Polk county, Neb., but having been elected the first county treasurer, he .removed to Osceola, the new county seat, which consisted of but a court house and a small store. In 1880 he was elected a member of the legislature. He founded the Osceola Bank in May, 1879, with a capital stock of $5,000, and

through his careful management it became one of the most successful institutions of its kind in the etate. Mr. Mickey from his earliest manhood has been a Republican, though his father was a Stephen A. Douglas Democrat. His first vote was cast for Lincoln in 1864, when he was nineteen years of age, the state of Iowa having passed a special act enabling all soldiers to vote irrespective of age. In 1902 he was elected by his party governor of Nebraska, and was inaugurated Jan. 8, 1903. Gov. Mickey is a member of the Methodist Church at Osceola, toward whose erection fund Within the last dozen he contributed $5,000.

years (1904) he has contributed more than $11,000 to the Wesleyan University at Lincoln, and there is hardly a state enterprise of his church in Nebraska toward which he has not given liberally, including a subscription of $500 to assist in the erection of the Methodist Hospital at Omaha. .For some years he has been president of the board of trustees of the Nebraska Wesleyan University. Gov. Mickey was married Sept. 10, 1867, to Morinda McCray, of Des Moines county, la., who died Dec. 23, 1886, leaving five children, and as married Dee. 8, 1887, to Flora C. Campbell lie of Norden, Neb., who is the mother of four of his children. OOSBY, William, colonial governor of New York, was born about 1695. He was a colonel in the British army, and after serving as governor of Minorca and of the Leeward islands, he was made governor of New York in 1731, succeeding Rip Van Dam ( 1062 T 1740?), who was a member of the council for nearly thirty years. When Gov. Cosby exhibited an order for an equal division of the salary, emoluments, and perquisites. Van Dam refused to pay over any part of this money he had received unless Cosby divided the larger sum that he had obtained in England for pretended expenses in the colony.

They each brought

suits,

but these were finally dropped without a settlement, after arousing intense

partisan

feeling

between the aristocratic friends of the governor and the popular party, whieli supported Van Dam. Van Dam absented himself from the meetings of the council, and Gov.

Cosby, on his deathbed, secretly suspended him oflice, in order to prevent his succeeding again to the head of the government. Being of an arbitrary and haughty disposition, Gov. Cosby ignored the elective franchise, continued the same assembly six years, without permitting its dissoOn Jan. 2, lution, and became very unpopular. 1734, he received from George II, a grant of 22,000

from

which was known as Cosby 's Manor. On account of default of the payment of quitrents it passed into the hands of Philip Schuyler and a few others in 1772. The place was originally called Old Fort Schuyler from a fort which had been erected here during the French and Indian war, and this name was retained until its incorporation as a village, in 1798, when it was, given acres,

the

name of Utica. after He was married

Africa.

the ancient city jn to Grace Montague,

sister of George, earl of Halifax, and had one son and two daughters. He held the office of governor until his death, which occurred Mar. 10.

17:!(i.

PROCTOR, Lucien

Brock, lawyer and author, was born at Hanover, N. H., Mar. 6, 1830, son of Jonathan and Ruth (Carter) Proctor, and descendant of Jonathan Proctor, an Englishman who settled at Salem, Mass., and fell a victim to the witchcraft delusion in 1692. His father removed from Hanover, where he had manufactured cutlery, to Auburn, N. Y., in 1834. The son was educated at an academy at Auburn and at Oxford, Chenango co. entered the senior class of Hamilton College but did not graduate with his class because of the partial failure of his eyesight; but later the college gave him his degree. He then studied law, and after being admitted to the bar in 1852, he practiced at Port Byron, settling in Dansville two In 1863 his years later. health broke down from overwork, and giving up practice he devoted himself ;

to literary work, contribut" ing to the Albany Law

Journal,"

"

the

" Atlantic

and other periMonthly odicals, and beginning a revision and annotation of

Hammond's

"

Political Hisof New series of (1887).

tory of the State

York"

A

biographies contributed to the "Union and Advertiser" was republished in book form in 1870 (2 vols.) as " the Bench and Bar of the State of New York," and was republished in " Lives of the ChancelGermany. Then followed " " lors of the State of New York Life and (1875) :

Times of Thomas Addis Emmet " (1876) " Bench and Bar of King's County, Including the Legal History of Brooklyn" (1883). In 1884 Mr. Proc ;

tor settled in Albany, N. Y. "

He

also published

History of Albany and Schenectady Counties" (1884); "Early History of the Board of Regents and University of the State of New York " (1886), and a number of addresses. He helped to organize the Livingston County HisLegal

and was secretary of the State Bar Association for thirteen years. Mr. Proctor was one of the founders of the Republican party in his state, and was a delegate to the convention that nominated John C. Fremont for the presidency. He was married, at Auburn, N. Y., to Araminta D. Whitney, who bore him a son, Whitney C., who became a physician, and a torical Society in 1874,

THE NATIONAL CYCLOPAEDIA

6

i>f Kev. William and second, ill IS'.I'J. to Margant Me died in Albany. X. V., Apr. 1,

daughter. Sarah Gertrude, wife V^.

Curry;

Boott 1

ill

VVylte.

HI.

MANSFIELD,

Richard, clergyman, was born

Conn.. Oct. 1. 1721). >"ii of .lona than and Sarah Ailing .Mansfield, and a descendant of Kit-hard Mansiicld. \vlio came from Exeter, " in guinDevonshire, F.ng.. in Hi:i. and settled one of the tirst settlers of New nipiac." becoming deacon was a Jonathan Manslield llineii. Conn. nniiii-LMtional church, and he very early in the He \\aput his scu'i to the -liuly of language-. titled tn enlcr college when only eleven years of Ill until lie was fourteen. age, but, did not enter 1711, lie was graduated at Vale, and afterward remained there for two year- as a resident gradunte. During this period lie renounced the Con under which he had been edugri-L'at ional system In 1744. he cated, and liecame an Kpi-copalian. took charge of the Hopkins (Grammar School, in New in

New Haven.

I

i

I

and

continued his with it three In Tear*. 174S. he sailed for England, and on Aug. 7th of that year was ordained in London by the archbishop of Canterbury. Having received an appointment from the Venerable

Haven,

connection

Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts, he returned to his native coun-

try the following year, and became rector of Derby, Conn., in connection with

West Haven. Waterbury, and Xorthbury (now Plymouth). About 1755, he rehis signed charge in the three last-named churches, and from that time till his death he remained rector of those at Dei by and Oxford. During the revolution. Mr. .Manslield remained loyal to the mother and he thus country, brought great hardships '

his

family. Having addressed a letter to in which he expressed the belief that, in case the king's troops were sent to protect the loyalists, several thousand men in the three westiijion

Gov. Tryon

ern counties of the colony of Connecticut would join them, and the contents of the letter having been communicated to the committee of inquiry, they gave directions for his apprehension: but being appri/cd of the order by his friends, he escaped to Long Island, then in possession of the l!riti-li. After the war he returned to his church, and his opposition to the cause of liberty in the colonies seems to have been soon forgotten. Mr. .Manslield was obliged to cease preaching some twenty years before his death, on account of the failure of his voice, but continued to exert a great influence out of the pulpit among his parishioners. He was a fine classical scholar, an eloquent preacher, and a man of exceeding hospitality and He published several sermons, a'nd in politeness. 1702. lie received the degree of D.D. from his alma mater. He was married. Oct. 10. 1751. to Anna, daughter of Joseph Hull, and he died in Derby, Conn Apr. 12. 1S20. .

ROOSEVEI/T, James Henry, philanthropist, was born in New York city, Nov. 10. 1800. son of

James

C. and ( atharine" (Byvanek) Roosevelt, and a cousin of Cornelius Van Sehaik Roosevelt. He was educated at Columbia College, where he was graduated at the age of nineteen, and then studied law. Permanent lameness, which resulted from a severe attack of rheumatism in parly life, prevented him from practicing his profession. He

never married, and engaged in real estate investment, by which, as well as by a simple mode of lite and frugality, he largely increased his small inFrom early manhood he conherited competence. templated the establishment of some benevolent institution, and by the terms of his will left the principal part of his large estate "for the reception and relief of sick and diseased persons." In conformity ytith this stipulation, Roosevelt Hospital, It was incorin New York city, was founded. porated in 1N04. and formally opened on Nov. 2, The property left by him for the erectioi 1871. of the hospital was originallv valued at about $1.000,000, but during the Interval between bis death and the opening of the institution the estate had beei: so wisely administered by the trustees that in 1SSH, with (lie buildings, it had increased lo nearly $2.00(1.11(111. Assuming the object of the bequest to be mainly for the relief of the poor, reserved a fund sufficient to support the trustees in the hospital such persons, as will occupy at least one-half of the hospital, there being, iiow e\er. no limit, except in the extent of the funds. He died in his native city. Nov. 30. ISIi:t. BACHELLER, Addison Irving, author, was born at Pierrepont, St. Lawrence co.. X. Y.. Sept. 26, 1859, in a house on Waterman hill overlooking Paradise valley, the spot chosen by Mr. Bacheller for the opening scenes of his novel. "Elien llolden,' son of Sanford Paul and Achsah A. (Buckland) liacheller, and a descendant of Joshua Batchcllcr 1

(b. 1608). who came from Kent, England, about lli> son John 1636, settling at Ipswich, Mas-. -eived as selectman of Reading, Mass., during 1651-64. From John and his wife Rebecca t Inline runs through a second John and his wife. Sarah: Samuel and his wife, Mary, to Henry and his wife. Sarah Johnson. Their son. Rupee Mach-

joined the Continental troops from Rhode HeIsland and served in the revolutionary war. was married to Sarah Parsons and had a son.

oller.

Samuel, who married Sally Sanford. becoming the grandfather of Addison Irving Bacheller. At the age of thirteen Irving became a clerk in a country store. During the next few years he was at various times a telegraph operator, a post-office clerk and a bookkeeper. In 1872 he removed to Canton, N. Y., where his father had

purchased some property and at the Canton academy :

he received his preparation for college. In 1878 he entered the St. Lawrence University,

at

graduated degree later

and

which

in 1882

he

was

with the

of B.Sc.. obtaining those of M.S. (1801)

A.M.

While founded the Alpha Omicron chapter of the Alpha Tan Omega, now one of the most prosperous chapters of that In August, 1882, he went to New fraternity. T Y ork city, and for one year was engaged on the "Daily Hotel Reporter," and then became a reporter on the Brooklyn "Daily Times." During the political campaign of 1884 he underwent the same experience that befell Bill Brower in " Kbcn Holden," being mistaken for Gen. Geo. S. Hatchfiler. Toward the close of 1884 Mr. Bachelor " " Times and es', abresigned his position with the lished the Bacheller newspaper syndicate, which was. from the first, a gratifying success, vevoluat

college

(1001).

he

OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY. This synthe Sunday newspaper. lionizing dicate was designed for the purpose of supplying the best literature to the large Sunday newspapers in the great cities of the United States. Eudyard Kipling, Jamea Russell Lowell, R. D. Blaekmore, Wilkie Collins, Stanley J. Weyman, Wilkins, A. C'onan Doyle, Sarah Orne Jewett, Stephen Crane and others quite as famous became its contributors. From August, 1898, to December. 1809, Mr. Bacheller served as Sunday " World." He is a memeditor of the New York ber of the Lotos and Authors' elubs, the Phi Beta Kappa, the Alpha Tau Omega and the Kane lodge He has written the "Master of" of Free .Masons. Silence" (1802), the "Still House of O'Darrow

Mary

E.

"Eben Holden " (1900), " D'ri and I" "Darrel of the Blessed Isles" (1903) and many poems. His talent is equally apparent in the description of peace and of war; in painting the rich golden glow of Indian summer, in describing eloquently the poetical loneliness of a night scene on the St. Lawrence, and yet, also, in bringing home to the reader with startling force the horrors exhibited in a crippled ship swept by The London " Saturday ReBritish broadsides. " The springs of health in American view " said Eben Holden.' " He was life are to be found in (1895), (1901).

'

married in Brooklyn. N. Y.. Dec. 13. 1883. to Anna Detmar, daughter of John G. Schultz of that place.

McCLINTOCK, Oliver, merchant, was born in Pittsburg, Pa., Oct. 20, 1839, son of Washington and Eliza (Thompson) McClintock. His earliest American ancestor was William McClintock of East Nottingham township, Chester co., Pa., whose wife was Phoebe McDowell. Their son Alexander (father of Washington), was born May 10, 1776, while the father was serving as militiaman, in which capacity he fought at the battles of

Whitemarsh Church and Germantown. He was grad-

uated at Yale College in 1861, and received the degree of A.M. in 1864. In 1861 he entered the carpet business under his father, and, associated with Ilia brothers, built up a mercantile house in Pittsburg that has become famous throughout the neighboring states. Upon the incorporation of the concern in January, 1897, he was elected president of the company, and since that time has remained in the Mr. Mcexecutive chair. Clintock takes a deep interest in the educational, religious and civic organizations For a number of his city. of years he has devoted much thought and personal effort to the betterment of municipal politics in his native city, and to aiding every

rising movement whose object was the overthrow of boss rule and machine gov-

He was a memernment. ber of a committee of five of the Citizens' Municipal League which turned city politics

upside

down

and

paved the way for the overthrow of the machine government which had held the city in its grasp for more In 1002 were achieved two great local victories at the polls, when good men, representing the principles of good government without regard to party, triumphed over partisan candidates representing machine government under the colors of a national party, and this in the face of the latter's former large majorities. He is an

than twentv vears.

active member of the executive committee of the National Municipal League, and has been annually re-elected for several years. In an article entitled A City Ashamed," which appeared in "Pittsburg: " McClure's Magazine " of May, 1003, Lincoln " Steffens wrote as follows If the official contractor had done his work well and at reasonable prices, the city would not have suffered directly; but his methods were so oppressive upon property holders that they caused a scandal. No action was taken, however, till Oliver McClintock, a merchant, in rare civic wrath, contested the contracts and fought them through the courts. This single citizen's long, brave fight is one of the finest stories in the history of municipal government. The frowns and warnings of cowardly fellow-citizens did not move him, nor the boycott of political :

partisans, the threats of the ring and the ridicule of ring organs." He was president of the Pittsburg Y. M. C. A. (1866-70), is a trustee of the Western Theological Seminary (Presbyterian), and of the Pennsylvania College for Women since 1870; with his brother-in-law Albert H. associated Childs, he founded the Shady Side Academy in 1883. He has contributed to the local papers and in official reports articles upon municipal reform and kindred topics. He is a member of the Duquesne Club of Pittsburg, and the University clubs of both Pittsburg and New York, and a director of the Pittsburg Chamber of Commerce. On June 9, 1866, he was married to Clara Courtney, daughter of Harvey Childs of Pittsburg, and has six children: Norman, associated with his father's business; Walter, general manager of the Opalite Tile

Co., of Pittsburg; Emma, wife of Thomas Darling of Wilkesbarre, Pa.; Harvey Child's, Elsie and

Jeanette.

CTJMMINGS, Horace

Stuart,

lawyer, 'was

Southborough, Worcester co., Mass., July 1, 1840, son of Jacob and Harriet (Tewksbury) Cummings and grandson of Solomon and Alary

born

in

(Graham) Cummings, whose ancestors landed in When a child his Salem, Mass., prior to 1640. he parents removed to Hillsborough, N. H., where He studied at received his primary education. and was gradPhillips Academy, Exeter, N. H., uated at Dartmouth in the class of 1862. He then studied law under Charles H. Bell, afterward governor of the state, completing his studies at the Albany (N. Y.) Law School, and was admitted to the bar in New York in 1863 and in New

Hampshire cepted an

in 1864.

He

ac-

the civil service in the United States office in

treasury department. Washington,' D. C., in 1865, holding the position until 1873, when he resigned to commence the practice of law in the national capital, diliis attention to recting the prosecution of matters and the government against has represented many large

and important interests before congress and the variHe maintained ous government departments, his legal and political residence in New Hampshire, and was secretary of the state senate during 1863-67 and a member of the house of representatives of New Hampshire in 187677. In the District of Columbia Mr. Cummings became interested in the financial and business enterprises that promised to help the advancement of the

TIIK

s

NATIONAL CYCLOPAEDIA

He was the first president and one of the promoters and incorporators of the National Capital Telephone Co., afterward the Chesapeake anil Potomac Telephone Co., of which he is viceHe was president of the Equitable Inpresident. dustrial Life Insurance Co. of Washington, is Trust \icc-prcsident of the Washington Loan and l'i>.. and an ollicer or stockholder in various other He was corporations and business enterprises. district.

Mellen, of Ohio, Kentucky and Flushing, L. I., one of Sec. Chase's assistant solicitors of the treasury during and after the civil war, and has three children. Klsie. Dorothy and Marjory.

DOUGLAS,

James, mining engineer, was born Quebec, Canada, Nov. 4, ls:i7. son of James and Klixabeth (Ferguson) Douglas. He was graduated at Queen's College. Kingston, Canada, in married in 1874 to Jcannette, daughter of James IS">S and continued his studies at the University For several years he served as of Edinburgh. Irvin. of Pittsburg, Pa. professor of chemistry at Morrin College, Quebec, PALMER, William Jackson, railroad presi- and iii 1804 became managing director of the dent, was born in Kent county. Del., Sept. 18, Harvey Hill Copper Co., taking charge of their of He re(Jackson) Palmer. mines in the province ls:iii. BOD of John and Matilda Quebec. His paternal ancestor emigrated from England tained this connection until 1875, when he rewith William Penn. settling on the Delaware river moved to the United States to take charge of the copper works at Phoenixville, Pa. There at the time of the colonization of Pennsylvania. William .1. Palmer received his education in Phil- for eight years lie was connected with the Chemical Copper Co., and since 1882 he has been adelphia at a private Quaker school, at the Zane street grammar school and at the Philadelphia actively associated with many important mining In 1851 he became a commercial enterprises of Arizona and Mexico. As president high school. and general manager of -the Copper Queen Conclerk, and in 185.3 was appointed rodman under Charles Ellet, chief engineer of the Hempfield rail- solidated Mining Co., the Detroit Copper Mining road, in western Pennsylvania to the position of Co.. the United Globe Mining Co. and the Nacotiansitinan he was advanced in the following year, zari mines in Sonora, Mexico, he has been inlluential in the development of a number of large after a year spent abroad in studying railways and mines and works as well as in the erection and mines in England; in l.Soli operation of over 400 mile, of standard gauge he became secretary and railroad. He was president of the Commercial treasurer of the Westmore- Mining Co., the Moctezuma Mining Co., the Kl Paso and Southwestern railroad, the Nacozari land Coal Co., and in 1857 was appointed private sec- railroad and the Morenci Southern railroad. He has made original experiments along the lines of retary to John Edgar Thomson, president of the Pennmetallurgy and metallurgical chemistry. With T. Sterry Hunt he was associated in many experisylvania railroad, serving ments in the hvdrometallurgy of coppers and deuntil the outbreak of the civil war. In the autumn vised what is known as the Hunt-Douglas process for extracting copper from its ores. He is the o(f 1861 he organized the Anderson troop and served inventor of a furnace for calcining ores (1884), with it under Gen. Buell in a process of extracting copper from its ores (1887), a furnace for calcining ores (1891), procthe army of the Cumberland until in 1862 lie organ- ess for extracting copper from cupriferous nickel ore (1892), for separating and roasting ized the Anderson (loth copper (1893), for extracting copper (1896), a smelting Pa. cavalry) regiment. He served throughout the war in furnace (1897) and a process of extracting copper command of that regiment (1900). He is the author of "Canadian Independ" 1894) and as brevet brigadier-gen- ence, Imperial Federation or Annexation and many articles in the periodical press and varieral in command of a brigade and division of cavous learned societies. He was president of the alry during the last year of the war. On the conAmerican Institute of Mining Kngineers 1899 clusion of the war he became secretary and treasurer of the Kansas Pacific railway, acting later 1900 and again 1900-01, and is still connected with the organization. He has been president of the ns manager of its construction from Sheridan. Kan., to Denver, Colo., to which city it was com- Quebec Literary and Historical Society, a member of the Society of Arts of London, the Institute pleted on Aug. 15, 1870. During 1867-68 he was of Mining and Metallurgy of London, the Amerialso manager of surveys to the Pacific ocean for the same line, then called the Union Pacific railway', can Geographical Society, the American Philoeastern division. In 1870 he was elected president sophical Society, the American Academy of Political and Social Science, the Iron and Steel Institute of the Denver and Rio Grande railway, and in 1880 of the Mexican National railway, most of of London, the American Museum of Natural Hiswhich he completed within the following three tory, the Aew York Historical and Zoological the Century Association, the Engineers' Since 1880 he has served as years. president of societies, the Mexican National Construction Co. He was Club and the Country Club. The honorary degree the chief founder of the Colorado of LL.D. was conferred upon him by McGill UniSprings Co. and of the city of that name, for which he formed the While in versity, Montreal, Canada, in 1899. Frankfort, Germany, in 1860, he was married to plans, the first stake on its township having been driven on July 31, 1871. Naomi Douglas, daughter of Walter Douglas, of In 1881 he was elected president of the Rio Grande Western Railway Co. Scotland, and he has two sons and four daughters. and continued to administer its affairs until April. 1901, when he resigned after BETHUNE, Robert Armour, architect, was t reconsolidating that line with the Denver and Rio Grande born at Bowmansville, Out.. Can., June 7, 1S55, railway by a sale of its stock. He is a member of the Denver son of Donald and Mary Telfer (Gay) Bethune. Club. of the El Paso and Country clubs of Colorado He received his education in the Detroit public Springs, and of the Metropolitan and the City Midschools, and in 1873, he entered the employ day clubs of New York city. Gen. Palmer was of G. W. Lloyd, an architect of Detroit: and married in November. 1870. to Mary Lincoln Melin 1876, of L. A. Pratt, at Bay Citv. Mich. ' len ("Queen Mellen"l. daughter of William Proctor During 1877-78, he was with R. A. Waite, of in

;

(

OF AMERICAN BIOGEAPHY. Buffalo. X. Y.,

and after spending a short time

&

bridge contractors to the service of Mr. and eii"ineers. he returned T He thus obaite in 1880. tained a thorough knowledge of the architectural

with

Morrison,

Field

Co.,

W

profession,

and

in

1881. be-

business for himself, and formed the partnership of R. A. & L. Bethune, and continued under that firm name from 1881-90. In the latter year an additional

gan

partner.

Mr.

William

L.

Fuchs. was taken in. since v.hich the title has been Bethune, Bethune & Fuchs. Among the more important buildings designed by Mr. BHhune and his firm are Hotel Lathe following: fayetle, Old Seventy-Fourth

Regiment Armory, and East ExStock Live change, of Buffalo: Lockport High School, and eighteen other schools in western New Y'ork. He is a member of the American Institute of ArchiHe was tects, and active in its Buffalo chapter. married, Dec. 10, 1881. to Louise, daughter of Da son Wallace Blanchard. of Buffalo, N. Y., and has one son, Charles Williams Bethune. Buffalo

I

BETHUNE,

Louise (Blanchard),

architect, 21, 1856,

was born at Waterloo, X'. Y., July daughter of Dalson Wallace and Emma Melona Her father (1823-91), (Williams) Blanchard. was a mathematical instructor, noted for his mental She agility and accuracy. was educated at home until eleven years of age, acquiring habits of study and selfreliance that led her to disregard the usual class limitations in later years. After being graduated in 1874, at th