The Book of Calendars, Conversion Tables from 60 Ancient and Modern Calendars to the Julian and Gregorian Calendars 1931956766, 9781931956765

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The Book of Calendars

The Book of Calendars Frank Parise, Editor

GORGIAS PRESS 2002

First Edition by Facts On File, New York, 1982. Second Edition by Gorgias Press, 2002. The special contents of this edition are copyright €> 2002 by Gorgias Press LLC. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States of America by Gorgias Press LLC, New Jersey. ISBN 1-931956-76-6

•A

GORGIAS PRESS

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Printed and bound simultaneously in the United States of America and Great Britain.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Ancient Calendars Babylonia Calendar Era ofNabonasser Macedonian Calendar Hebrew Calendar Seleucid Calendar and Era of Antioch The Olympiad Era The Era of Tyre Roman Calendars The Era of the Armenians The Islamic Calendar Fasli (Soor San) Zoroastrian Calendar Yezdezred Calendar Jelali Calendar Africa Egypt Coptic Calendar Ethiopian Calendar Modern Near East Iran Afghanistan India Southeast Asia Akbar Calendar Fasli Deccan Calendar Parasuram Calendar Burmese and Arakanse Calendars Far East The Chinese Calendar Tibet

Central America.. Western Calendars Early Northern European Calendars Julian and Gregorian Calendars Julian and Gregorian Calendar Conversions The O.S. Calendar According to Our Reckoning 14 Possible Calendars for the Julian and Gregorian Calendar Christian Ecclesiastical Calendar Easter Dates Western Era (Julian ) Western Era (Gregorian) Calendar of Saints The French Revolutionary Calendar Soviet Calendar New Year's Day

265 291

Introduction Throughout history men and women have attempted to group periods of time in convenient ways to regulate or commemorate important events in their lives. Since the requirements of various civilizations differed dramatically from one another, the world's calendars historically have been extfemely diverse. Primitive peoples had no written calendars but reckoned time by t h e ^ s s i n g of seasons, wet and dry periods, or the blossoming of various trees. They reckoned smaller periods of time by the various phases of the moon. But as societies became more advanced, their calendars became more complex. It became vital to measure time for agricultural, business, governmental, domestic and other reasons. The year had to be divided into smaller sections and these, in turn, into shorter periods. How a people divided time was based on many factors: geography, astronomical knowledge, politics, religion, etc. A calendar may have dated from the birth of a religious leader as did the Zoroastrian or from the ascension of the monarch as did the ancient Babylonian. It may have been based on the movement of the moon as was the ancient Hebrew calendar or that of the sun as is our present, Gregorian calendar, Often throughout history two or more calendars were used simultaneously. Conquerors frequently imposed their calendars on subject peoples who continued to use their old means of time reckoning. Frequently religious calendars were used in conjunction with more modern civil ones. The first practical calendar to evolve was the Egyptian, which, in turn, influenced the Roman calendar. This provided the basis for thejulian calendar, which was used in the Western World for over 1,500 years. It, in turn, was replaced by the Gregorian calendar which is currently almost universally used as a satisfactory system for dating religious holidays (frequently associated with the phases of the moon) and seasonal activities based on solar motion. The large number of calendars has caused historians and others interested in time great problems. It is not easy to discover how ancient peoples told time, and it is extremely difficult to translate one calendar date to another calendar. The Book o/ Calendars solves this problem. It is designed as a quick reference to over 40 calendars—how they were developed, how the}7 changed over time and where and when they were used. But this information is merely background for the central section of each chapter. Tables on over 60 calendars enable the reader to translate one calendar date to its appropriate Julian or Gregorian date. Thus the reader can discover that the Babylonian New Year fell on April 18 in 573 B.C. or that 1982 is the year 1403 in Islamic nations. One can learn the names ofthe months in the French Revolutionary calendar or why the Soviet calendar was discontinued in 1940. An extensive list of tables enables the researcher to trace when the Gregorian calendar was adopted by various western nations and gives complete Julian and Gregorian calendars from the birth of Christ. The Book of Calendars includes information on all important calendars for which information is known. It takes the reader through history7 from the Babylonians and Egyptians to the modern Western world. It is not designed as a scholarly dissertation on how calendars are constructed. Instead, it is a handbook offering basic information on the structure of the calendar and extensive tables for quick conversions. It is hoped that the material presented here will excite an interest in calendars and save scholars much valuable time.

ANCIENT CALENDARS

BABYLONIAN CALENDAR The Babylonian calendar is a good example of the general type of lunar calendar which was used in the Near and Middle East during early recorded history. Its influence extended from Greece and Egypt in the West, down the Arabian peninsula in the south, over to India in the East and northward into the Himalayas. The present Hebrew calendar is a modern example of this type of construction. The month, and hence the year was controlled by lunar motion, occasionally adjusted to keep pace with the movement of the Sun. The calendar had 12 months of 29 or 30 days not set in a strict pattern and intercalary months of 29 or 30 days inserted to keep pace with solar motion. If the intercalation was made in the spring, it was, invariably 29 days. If in the autumn, 30. The 29 day intercalation is indicated in our tables by * and the 30 day intercalation by ** in the column giving the Babylonian date. The intercalations were arbitrary and mostly by royal decree. As with many of the calendars of this type, the day began with sunset, which gave an uneven length of daylight and dark, the extent of the difference depending on how far north one was. The year apparently began on the new moon nearest to the vernal equinox. The first month was called Nisanu. The names of the months are indicated below with the two possible intercalary months indicated in the order they occurred when used. Month Name Number I

Month Name Number

Nisanu

7

Tashritu

2 3 4 5 6

8 9 10 11 12

Aiaru Simanu Duzu Abu Ululu Ululu I I ( * )

Arahsamnu Kislimu Tebetu Shabatu Addaru Addaru II (**:

We have no record of how the month was divided, but it well may have been in the "decans," the equivalent of weeks, of 10 days each with the last decan either 9 or 10 days. The times and dates of holidays are largely lost or confused, but it can be assumed that there would be holidays at the new year, the anniversary of a ruler's ascension to the throne, the winter solstice, as well as new moon, planting and harvest festivals. There well may have been local festivals also, since the calendar was used over such vast territory and by so many different peoples. This lunar calendar was used for religious purposes. For astronomical purposes the Babylonians relied on a second calendar. The solar or astronomical calendar, used by the Assyrians and Chaldeans as well, was also based on a 12 month year, with the day beginning at 6 a.m. The Babylonians invented the zodiac, and the sun determined the length of the year by its passage through the 12 signs, the moon passing through all of them in about 23 Vi days. Our horoscope is the direct descendant of the Babylonian system of calculation since the day (which was a 24 hour period) was broken up into 12 segments, the 12 segments into periods of 30° each, and those, in turn broken into 60 minutes and further divided into 60 seconds. The year began at the vernal equinox.

B A B Y L O N I A N CALENDAR Western Date Year 625* 624 623 622

Babylonian 1st Nisanu 23 13 1 21

Mar Mar Apr Mar

**

Western Date Year 621* 620 619 618

Babylonian 1st Nisanu 10 29 18 6

Mar Mar Mar Apr

** **

Western Date Year 617* 616 615 614

Babylonian 1st Nisanu 25 14 2 23

Mar Mar Apr Mar

** **

Western Date Year 613* 612 611 610

Babylonian 1st Nisanu 10 30 20 8

Apr Mar Mar Apr

**

41 BABYLONIAN Western Date Year

Babylonian IstNisanu 27 16 5 24 11 1 21 9 29 18 5 26 12 2 21 11 29 18 7 26 14 3 22 12 1 21 9 29 16 6 25 13 2 21 11 31 18 7 25 15 3 22 12 1 21 10 28 16 5 25 13

Mar Mar Mar Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Mar Mar Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr

* *

**

* * * **

**

*

** **

* *

* *

*

** *

*

Western Date Year 558 557* 556 555 554 553* 552 551 550 549* 548 547 546 545* 544 543 542 541* 540 539 538 537* 536 535 534 533* 532 531 530 529* 528 527 526 525* 524 523 522 521* 520 519 518 517* 516 515 514 513* 512 511 510 509* 508

Babylonian IstNisanu 3 22 10 30 18 6 25 15 4 22 12 1 21 8 28 16 5 25 13 3 23 11 30 17 7 27 15 4 25 11 31 20 8 28 16 6 26 13 2 22 10 29 17 7 28 15 4 24 12 31 19

Apr Mar Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Mar Mar Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Mar Apr

* ** *

*

** *

*

* *

**

**

** *

**

* *

**

** **

Western Date Year 507 506 505* 504 503 502 501* 500 499 498 497* 496 495 494 493* 492 491 490 489* 488 487 486 485* 484 483 482 481* 480 479 478 477* 476 475 474 473* 472 471 470 469* 468 467 466 465* 464 463 462 461* 460 459 458 457*

Babylonian 1st Nisanu 8 Apr 29 Mar 16 Apr 5 Apr 26 Mar 13 Apr 1 Apr 22 Mar 10 Apr 30 Mar 17 Apr 7 Apr 27 Mar 15 Apr 3 Apr 22 Apr 11 Apr 1 Apr 18 Apr 8 Apr 29 Mar 17 Apr 5 Apr 25 Mar 13 Apr 2 Apr 20 Apr 10 Apr 30 Mar 18 Apr 7 Apr 27 Mar 14 Apr 4 Apr 21 Apr 11 Apr 31 Mar 20 Apr 8 Apr 28 Mar 16 Apr 5 Apr 24 Mar 12 Apr 2 Apr 21 Apr 10 Apr 30 Mar 18 Apr 7 Apr 26 Mar

*

##

*

**

*

Western Date Year 456 455 454 453* 452 451 450 449* 448 447 446 445* 444 443 442 441* 440 439 CO

609* 608 607 606 605* 604 603 602 601* 600 599 598 597* 596 595 594 593* 592 591 590 589* 588 587 586 585* 584 583 582 581* 580 579 578 577* 576 575 574 573* 572 571 570 569* 568 567 566 565* 564 563 562 561* 560 559

CALENDAR

*

*

##

*

»

*

**

*

*

*

**

**

437* 436 435 434 433* 432 431 430 429* 428 427 426 425* 424 423 422 421* 420 419 418 417* 416 415 414 413* 412 411 410 409* 408 407 406

Babylonian IstNisanu 14 3 22 11 1 29 9 28 15 5 25 12 3 21 10 30 17 6 27 13 3 22 12 31 19 8 28

Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar 1 5 Apr 4 Apr 25 Mar 13 Apr 2 Apr 2 1 Apr 10 Apr 30 Mar 17 Apr 6 Apr 26 Mar 14 Apr 3 Apr 22 Apr 1 2 Apr 1 Apr 18 Apr 7 Apr 28 Mar 16 Apr 4 Apr 25 Mar 13 Apr 2 Apr

*

*

* **

**

* *

**

**

* **

**

* *

*

**

* **

ERA OF Western Date Year 405* 404 403 402 401* 400 399 398 397* 396 395 394 393* 392 391 390 389* 388 387 386 385* 384 383

Babylonian IstNisanu 20 9 29 17 6 26 14 4 22 11 31 19 7 28 16 5 25 13 2 20 9 28 17

Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr

*

*

#*

**

**

*

*

Western Date Year

Babylonian 1st Nisanu

382 381* 380 379 378 377* 376 375 374 373* 372 371 370 369* 368 367 366 365* 364 363 362 361* 360

7 26 14 4 17 10 31 18 8 28 16 5 25 12 1 20 9 29 17 7 27 14 3

Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr

* * * ** * ** * **

Western Date Year 359 358 357* 356 355 354 353* 352 351 350 349* 348 347 346 345* 344 343 342 341* 340 339 338

Babylonian 1st Nisanu 22 11 30 18 8 29 15 5 25 12 1 20 9 30 17 6 26 14 2 21 11 31

Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar

#

*

*

**

*

*

#

*

NABONASSER15

Western Date Year 337* 336 335 334 333* 332 331 330 329* 328 327 326 325* 324 323 322 321* 320 319 318 317* 316

Babylonian 1st Nisanu 18 8 28 16 4 24 12 2 20 9 30 18 6 26 14 3 21 11 31 19 7 27

Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Apr Apr Mar

** ** **

"

* * *

ERA OF NABONASSER During the reign of the Chaldean king Nabonasser (747-734 B.C.), astrologers/astronomers developed a new calendar to correct the existing Babylonian soli-lunar one. It consisted of a vague solar year of 365 days with no intercalation for leap year so that every fifth year started one day earlier. The year contained 12 months of 30 days each with five days at the end. The Chaldeans used weeks of seven days; and the day began at noon. This calendar, like the Babylonian one, was used through the Near and Mid East, even up into Greece. It was eventually adoptd by the Seleucidae. It is possible that local month names were utilized. Yet, the calendar was so closely associated with the Babylonians that those names could have been employed.

Holidays would be roughly the same as the Babylonian ones. The day of ascension of the ruling monarch would be celebrated, as would the New Year. The people undoubtedly took some notice of the solstices, particularly the winter solstice, and of the equinoxes. There would be the usual religious holidays associated with the calendar, probably some new or full moon festivals, and a planting and harvesting festival. They also noted the four seasons. From the time of the invasion of Egypt by the Persians in the 6th century B.C. until the calendar reform in Egypt by Diocletian in 284 A.D., the Egyptian calendar was identical to that of Nabonasser.

61 ERA OF

NABONASSER

ERA OF NABONASSER

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

747 746 745* 744 743 742 741* 740 739 738 737* 736 735 734 733* 732 731 730 729* 728 727 726 725* 724 723 722 721* 720 719 718 717* 716 715 714 713* 712 711 710 709* 708 707 706 705* 704 703 702 701* 700 699 698

26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

Western Date Era of (Julian) Nabonasser of New Year 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

697* 696 695 694 693* 692 691 690 689* 688 687 686 685* 684 683 682 681* 680 679 678 677* 676 675 674 673* 672 671 670 669* 668 667 666 665* 664 663 662 661* 660 659 658 657* 656 655 654 653* 652 651 650 649* 648

14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

Western Date Era of (Julian) Nabonasser of New Year 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 OO

Western Date Era of (Julian) Nabonasser of New Year

149 150

647 646 645* 644 643 642 641» 640 639 638 637* 636 635 634 633* 632 631 630 629* 628 627 626 625* 624 623 622 621* 620 619 618 617* 616 615 614 613* 612 611 610 609* 608 607 606 605* 604 603 602 601* 600 599 598

1 1 1 31 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20

Feb Feb Feb an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an

Western Date Era of (Julian) Nabonasser of New Year 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 . 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200

597* 596 595 594 593* 592 591 590 589* 588 587 586 585* 584 583 582 581* 580 579 578 577* 576 575 574 573* 572 571 570 569* 568 567 566 565* 564 563 562 561* 560 559 558 557* 556 555 554 553* 552 551 550 549* 548

20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8

an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an

ERA

Western Date Era of (Julian) Nabonasser of New Year 7 Jan 7 Jan 7 Jan 7 Jan 6 Jan 6 Jan 6 Jan 6 Jan 5 Jan 5 Jan 5 Jan 5 Jan 4 Jan 4 Jan 4 Jan 4 Jan 3 Jan 3 Jan 3 Jan 3 Jan 2 Jan 2 Jan 2 Jan 2 Jan 1 Jan 1 Jan 1 Jan 1 Jan 31 Dec 31 Dec 31 Dec 31 Dec 30 Dec 30 Dec 30 Dec 30 Dec 29 Dec 29 Dec 29 Dec 29 Dec 28 Dec 28 Dec 28 Dec 28 Dec 27 Dec 27 Dec 27 Dec 27 Dec 26 Dec 26 Dec 26 Dec

252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302

497* 496 495 494 493* 492 491 490 489* 488 487 486 485* 484 483 482 481* 480 479 478 477* 476 475 474 473* 472 471 470 469* 468 467 466 465* 464 463 462 461* 460 459 458 457* 456 455 454 453* 452 451 450 449* 448 447

26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13

Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec

303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 OO

547 546 545* 544 543 542 541* 540 539 538 537* 536 535 534 533* 532 531 530 529* 528 527 526 525* 524 523 522 521* 520 520 519 518 517* 516 515 514 513* 512 511 510 509* 508 507 506 505* 504 503 502 501* 500 499 498

Western Date Era of (Julian) Nabonasser of New Year

CO r

201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251

Western Date Era of (Julian) Nabonasser of New Year

349 350 351 352 353

446 445* 444 443 442 441* 440 439 438 437* 436 435 434 433* 432 431 430 429* 428 427 426 425* 424 423 422 421* 420 419 418 417* 416 415 414 413* 412 411 410 409* 408 407 406 405* 404 403 402 401* 400 399 398 397* 396

13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 30

Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Nov

OF NABONASSER

I 7

Western Date Era of (Julian) Nabonasser of New Year 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404

395 394 393* 392 391 390 389* 388 387 386 385* 384 383 382 381* 380 379 378 377* 376 375 374 373* 372 371 370 369* 368 367 366 365* 364 363 362 361* 360 359 358 357* 356 355 354 353* 352 351 350 349* 348 347 346* 345*

30 Nov 30 Nov 30 Nov 29 Nov 29 Nov 29 Nov 29 Nov 28 Nov 28 Nov 28 Nov 28 Nov 27 Nov 27 Nov 27 Nov 27 Nov 26 Nov 26 Nov 26 Nov 26 Nov 25 Nov 25 Nov 25 Nov 25 Nov 24 Nov 24 Nov 24 Nov 24 Nov 23 Nov 23 Nov 23 Nov 23 Nov 22 Nov 22 Nov 22 Nov 22 Nov 21 Nov 21 Nov 21 Nov 21 Nov 20 Nov 20 Nov 20 Nov 20 Nov 19 Nov 19 Nov 19 Nov 19 Nov 18 Nov 18 Nov 18 Nov 18 Nov

NABONASSER (Julian)

Nabonasser of New Year

344 343 342 341* 340 339 338 337* 336 335 334 333* 332 331 330 329* 328 327 326 325* 324 323 322 321* 320 319 318 317* 316 315 314 313* 312

17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9

Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov

(Julian)

Era of

(Julian)

Nabonasser of New Year

Nabonasser of New Year

438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470

471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479

311 310 309* 308 307 306 305* 304 303 302 301* 300 299 298 297* 296 295 294 293* 292 291 290 289* 288 287 286 285* 284 283 282 281* 280 279

9 Nov 9 Nov 9 Nov 8 Nov 8 Nov 8 Nov 8 Nov 7 Nov 7 Nov 7 Nov 7 Nov 6 Nov 6 Nov 6 Nov 6 Nov 5 Nov 5 Nov 5 Nov 5 Nov 4 Nov 4 Nov 4 Nov 4 Nov 3 Nov 3 Nov 3 Nov 3 Nov 2 Nov 2 Nov 2 Nov 2 Nov 1 Nov 1 Nov

O CO

405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437

Era of

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date Era of

481 482 483 OO J*.

81 ERA OF

485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 49? 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503

278 277* 276 275 274 273* 272 271 270 269* 268 267 266 265* 264 263 262 261* 260 259 258 257* 256 255 254 253* 252 251 250 249* 248 247 246

1 Nov 1 Nov 31 Oct 31 Oct 31 Oct 31 Oct 30 Oct 30 Oct 30 Oct 30 Oct 29 Oct 29 Oct 29 Oct 29 Oct 28 Oct 28 Oct 28 Oct 28 Oct 27 Oct 27 Oct 27 Oct 27 Oct 26 Oct 26 Oct 26 Oct 26 Oct 25 Oct 25 Oct 25 Oct 25 Oct 24 Oct 24 Oct 24 Oct

Era of

(Julian)

Nabonasser of New Year

504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 533 532

245* 244 243 242 241* 240 239 238 237* 236 235 234 233* 232 231 230 229* 228 227 226 225* 224 223 222 221* 220 219 218 217* 216 215 214 213*

24 Oct 23 Oct 23 Oct 23 Oct 23 Oct 22 Oct 22 Oct 22 Oct 22 Oct 21 Oct 21 Oct 21 Oct 21 Oct 20 Oct 20 Oct 20 Oct 20 Oct 19 Oct 19 Oct 19 Oct 19 Oct 18 Oct 18 Oct 18 Oct 18 Oct 17 Oct 17 Oct 17 Oct 17 Oct 16 Oct 16 Oct 16 Oct 16 Oct

MACEDONIAN CALENDAR The Macedonian calendar is very similar to the Babylonion, which dominated the Near East during t h e 9 t h to 7 t h century B.C. T h e only difference was the date on which the N e w Year was celebrated: October in t h e Macedonian calendar, March or April in the Babylonian. Like the Babylonian calendar, the Macedonian was luni-solar, using a 3 5 4 lunar year with a periodic intercalated m o n t h of 29 or 30 days to keep it in line with solar motion. T h e months con-

sisted of 29 or 30 days alternately. The intercalated m o n t h was sometimes inserted after the sixth m o n t h and sometimes at t h e end of the year. The Macedonians did not use either a seven or 10 day period as a "week," but they may have divided the m o n t h by full as well as new moon. Although we do not really know what festivals they celebrated, we can assume that they had planting and harvest festivals, days honoring their gods, a festival around the winter solstice, etc.

MACEDONIAN

The months were named as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Dios Apellaeus Andynaeus Peritius

30 29 30 29

days days days days

7. 8. 9. 10.

5. Dystrus 6. Xancicus 30 29 30 29

Artemisios Daesius Panaemus Lous

days days days days

30 days 29 days

CALENDAR

11. Gorpiaeus 12. Hyperberetaeus

19

30 days 29 days

In the following tables, a 29 day intercalation is designated * and a 3 0 day intercalation ** There is no pattern to the intercalation.

MACEDONIAN CALENDAR WesternMacedonian Int. Year 1st Dios Cal. (Julian) (Lunar) Month 526 525» 524 523 522 521* 520 519 518 517* 516 515 514 513» 512 511 510 509* 508 507 506 505* 504 503 502 501» 500 499 498 497» 496 495 494 493» 492 491 490 489* 488

4 22 10 30 19 7 26 15 5 23 12 1 20 8 28 17 6 25 14 3 22 10 29 18 8 26 16 4 23 11 30 20 9 27 17 6 25 13 2

Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct

*

##

#

#

*#

**

##

**

*

*#

*

**

#

WesternMacedonian Int. Year 1st Dios Cal. (Julian) (Lunar) Month

WesternMacedonian Int. Year 1st Dios Cal. (Julian) (Lunar) Month

WesternMacedonian Int. Year 1st Dios Cal. (Julian) (Lunar) Month

487 486 485» 484 483 482 481» 480 479*

448 447 446 445* 444 443 442 441» 440 439 438 437» 436 435 434 433» 432 431 430 429» 428 427 426 425» 424 423 422 421* 420 419 418 417» 416 415 414 413» 412 411 410

409» 408 407 406 405* 404 403 402 401* 400 399 398 397* 396 395 394 393» 392 391 390 389* 388 387 386 385» 384 383 382 381» 380 379 378 377* 376 375 374 373* 372 371

478 477* 476 475 474 473* 472 471 470 469* 468 467 466 465* 464 463 462 461* 460 459 458 457» 456 455 454 453» 452 451 450 449»

22 11 29 18 8 27 15 4 23 11 30 20 9 28 16 6 25 14 2 21 11 30 18 7 26 15 3 22 11 1 20 9 28 17 5 24 13 3 21

Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep

#

#

##

*

*

«

##

*

#

*

**

**

*

*

11 30 19 7 26 14 4 22 11 1 20 8 27 16 8 24 13 3 22 10 29 19 7 25 14 4 23 11 1 20 9 27 16 5 25 13 3 22 11

Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct

*

##

**

*

*

##

#

##

##

#

*

*

##

29 17 7 26 14 4 23 12 30 19 8 27 16 5 25 14 2 21 10 29 17 6 26 15 3 22 11 30 19 8 28 17 5 25 14 3 21 10 29

Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep

*

#*

#

*

##

**

##

*

*

**

*

#

*

**

101 MACEDONIAN CALENDAR MaceWestern donian Int. Year 1st Dios Cal. (Julian) (Lunar) Month

MaceWestern donian Int. Year 1st Dios Cal. (Julian) (Lunar) Month

370 369* 368 367 366 365* 364 363 362 361* 360 359 358 357* 356 355 354 353* 352 351 350 349* 348 347 346 345* 344 343 342 341* 340 339 338 337* 336 335 334 333* 332 331 330 329* 328 327 326 325* 324 323 322 321* 320

319 318 317* 316 315 314 313* 312 311 310 309* 308 307 306 305* 304 303 302 301* 300 299 298 297* 296 295 294 293» 292 291 290 289* 288 287 286 285* 284 283 282 281* 280 279 278 277* 276 275 274 273* 272 271 270 269*

18 6 26 15 4 22 11 30 20 8 27 17 6 24 13 2 21 9 29 18 7 26 14 3 22 10 30 20 9 27 16 6 25 12 2 21 10 29 18 7 26 14 3 22 11 30 20 9 28 16 5

Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct

#

**

#

*#

*•

#

*

*

##

*

*

*

*

**

**

##

ft*

*

24 13 2 21 10 30 17 6 25 14 3 22 11 1 19 8 27 16 4 24 13 3 21 10 29 18 6 25 14 4 22 11 1 20 8 27 16 5 24 13 3 22 9 28 17 6 25 14 4 23 11

Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct

#

*

*

*#

##

#

*

#*

**

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MaceWestern donian Int. Year 1st Dios Cal. (Julian) (Lunar) Month

MaceWestern donian Int. 1st Dios Cal. Year (Julian) (Lunar) Month

268 267 266 265* 264 263 262 261* 260 259 258 257* 256 255 254 253* 252 251 250 249* 248 247 246 245* 244 243 242 241* 240 239 238 237* 236 235 234 233* 232 231 230 229* 228 227 226 225* 224 223 222 221* 220 219 218

217* 216 215 214 213* 212 211 210 209* 208 207 206 205* 204 203 202 201* 200 199 198 197* 196 195 194 193* 192 191 190 189* 188 187 186 185* 184 183 182 181* 180 179 178 177* 176 175 174 173* 172 171 170 169* 168 167

30 19 8 27 16 5 25 13 2 21 10 28 17 6 26 14 3 22 11 29 19 8 28 16 5 25 13 1 20 9 29 17 6 26 15 3 22 11 30 19 8 28 17 5 24 13 2 20 9 28 18

Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct

*

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6 25 14 3 21 10 30 20 8 27 16 5 23 12 2 21 9 29 17 7 24 13 3 22 10 30 20 9 27 16 5 24 12 1 21 10 28 17 6 25 13 2 22 11 30 19 8 27 15 4 24

Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep

•*

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MACEDONIAN Western Year (Julian)

Macedonian Int. 1st Dios Cal. (Lunar) Month

Western Year (Julian)

Macedonian Int. 1st Dios Cal. (Lunar) Month

Western Year (Julian)

Macedonian Int. 1st Dios Cal. (Lunar) Month

166 165* 164 163 162 161* 160 159 158 157* 156 155 154 153* 152 151 150 149* 148 147 146 145* 144 143 142 141* 140 139 138 137* 136 135 134 133* 132 131 130 129* 128 127 126 125* 124 123 122 121* 120 119 118 117* 116

13 Oct 1 Oct 21 Sep 9 Oct 28 Sep 16 Oct 5 Oct 25 Sep 14 Oct 3 Oct 22 Sep 11 Oct 1 Oct 19 Sep 8 Oct 27 Sep 16 Oct 5 Oct 24 Sep 13 Oct 2 Oct 20 Sep 9 Oct 28 Sep 17 Oct 5 Oct 25 Sep 14 Oct 5 Oct 22 Sep 11 Oct 30 Sep 19 Sep 7 Oct 27 Sep 16 Oct 5 Oct 24 Sep 12 Oct 2 Oct 20 Sep 8 Oct 27 Sep 16 Oct 6 Oct 25 Sep 14 Oct 3 Oct 22 Sep 10 Oct 29 Sep

115 114 113* 112 111 no 109* 108 107 106 105* 104 103 102 101* 100 99 98 97* 96 95 94 93* 92 91 90 89* 88 87 86 85* 84 83 82 81* 80 79 78 77* 76 75 74 73* 72 71 70 69* 68 67 66 65*

19 8 27 16 5 24 12 1 20 27 27 16 6 26 14 3 22 11 29 19 8 28 15 5 24 12 30 20 9 28 16 6 25 14 2 21 11 30 19 8 27 16 4 23 12 1 20 9 28 17 5

64 63 62 61* 60 59 58 57* 56 55 54 53* 52 51 50 49* 48 47 46 45* 44 43 42 41* 40 39 38 37* 36 35 34 33* 32 31 30 29* 28 27 26 25* 24 23 22 21* 20 19 18 17* 16 15 14

24 Sep 13 Oct 3 Oct 21 Sep 11 Oct 30 Sep 20 Sep 8 Oct 27 Sep 15 Oct 4 Oct 23 Sep 11 Oct 1 Oct 21 Sep 9 Oct 28 Sep 17 Oct 6 Oct 24 Sep 13 Oct 3 Oct 22 Sep 11 Oct 30 Sep 19 Sep 8 Oct 26 Sep 15 Oct 4 Oct 24 Sep 11 Oct 1 Oct 20 Sep 9 Oct 27 Sep 16 Oct 5 Oct 25 Sep 13 Oct 3 Oct 22 Sep 11 Oct 30 Sep 19 Sep 7 Oct 26 Sep 14 Oct 4 Oct 24 Sep 12 Oct

##

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Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct

#*

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CALENDAR Western Year (Julian) 13* 12 11 10 9* 8 7 6 5* 4 3

i

1* 1 2

##

#

##

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**

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##

3 4* 5 6 7 8* 9 10 11 12* 13 14 15 16* 17 18 19 20* 21 22 23 24* 25 26 27 28* 29 30 31 32* 33 34 35 36* 37

Ii1

Macedonian Int. 1st Dios Cal. (Lunar) Month 1 20 8 28 16 5 25 14 3 22 11 30 18

Oct Sep Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep Sep

7 Oct 26 Sep 15 Oct 4 Oct 23 Sep 12 Oct 1 Oct 19 Sep 8 Oct 27 Sep 16 Oct 5 Oct 25 Sep 14 Oct 3 Oct 21 Sep 10 Oct 29 Sep 19 Sep 7 Oct 26 Sep 15 Oct 5 Oct 23 Sep 11 Oct 30 Sep 20 Sep 8 Oct 27 Sep 16 Oct 6 Oct 25 Sep 14 Oct 3 Oct 22 Sep 10 Oct 29 Sep

#

#

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121 HEBREW CALENDAR Western Year (Julian) 38 39 40* 41 42 43 44*

45 46 47

Macedonian Int. 1st Dios Cal. (Lunar) Month

48*

19 Sep 8 Oct 26 Sep

49 50 51 52»

15 Oct 4 Oct 23 Sep 11 Oct

#

30 Sep 19 Sep 9 Oct

Western Year (Julian)

##

53 54 55 56» 57

Macedonian 1st Dios (Lunar) 27 17 6 25

Sep Oct Oct Sep

13 Oct 2 Oct 21 Sep

Int. Cal. Month

58 ** *

»

10 Oct 29 Sep 19 Sep

Western Year (Julian)

59 60* 61 62 63 64* 65 66

Macedonian Int. 1st Dios Cal. (Lunar) Month 8 Oct 27 Sep 14 Oct 3 Oct 22 Sep 11 Oct 30 Sep 20 Sep

Western Year (Julian) 67

##

*

##

9 Oct

68* 69 70 71 72* 73 74 75

Macedonian 1stDios (Lunar)

Int. Cal. Month

28 Sep 16 Oct 5 Oct 24 Sep 13 2 21 10 30

Oct Oct Sep Oct Sep

##

*

**

*

HEBREW CALENDAR The Jewish calendar evolved over a long period of time and is not, in its present form, an old one. The original calendar was probably primarily lunar and based on observation rather than calculation. Some time during the 7th century B . C . , intercalary months began to be used to adjust the lunar year to the solar one, but they were used sporadically, and it was not until the 4th century A . D . that the calendar became fixed. The Babylonian exile, beginning in the 6th century B . C . , had a great influence on the Jewish calendar. The months, which had for the most part been designated by numbers or by agricultural information, began to be called by the Babylonian month names, and the rarelyused Hebrew names disappeared. The New Year, which had been celebrated in Nissan, was moved to Tishri, when the Babylonians celebrated theirs. The present Jewish calendar is a luni-solar one, the years being reckoned by the sun and the months by the moon. The day is considered to begin at 6 p . m . for calendric purposes. But for religious and practical purposes it begins at sunset. The calendar day consists of 24 hours, each hour being divided into 1 , 0 8 0 parts, equal to about 3 . 3 seconds each. The calendar is complicated by religious requirements which dictate that certain events must not occur on specific days. For example, the New Year must not fall on a Sunday, Wednes-

day or Friday. The Day of Atonement must not fall on a Friday or Sunday; the Day of Tabernacles must not fall on a Saturday; Passover must precede the New Year by 163 days, and Pentecost must precede the New Year by 113 days. To circumvent these proscriptions, a system of variable year lengths is used. The month is calculated from conjunction to conjunction, which equals 29 days, 12 hours, 4 4 minutes, and 3'/i seconds. To ensure that the calendar months contain an exact number of days, a system of alternating 2 9 and 3 0 days arose. The months containing 30 days are called "full" and those containing 29 are called "defective". The lengths of most of the months are fixed. However two are variable, as shown in the following table. Tishri 30 days Marheshvan variable variable Kislev Tebeth 29 days Shebat 30 days Adar 29 days We-Adar (2nd Adar, intecalary

Nissan 30 lyyar 29 Sivan 30 Tammuz 29 30 Ab Ellul 29 month) 30 days

days days days days days days

The Jewish calendar employs a solar cycle of 28 years and a lunar cycle of 19 years. The intercalary month of We-Adar is used in the 3rd, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, and 19th years of the lunar cycle. A "complete" year is one in which both Marheshvan and Kislev are full. It will have 355 days in an ordinary year or 385 in

HEBREW a leap year. In a "normal" year Marheshvan is full and Kislev is defective, and there will be 354 or 384 days. Both months will be defective in a defective year, in which there will be 353 or 383 days. The year continuing 353 days may begin on a Monday or a Saturday. The 354-day year may begin only on a Thursday. The year containing either 355 or 383 days may begin on a Monday, Thursday or Saturday; the year with 384 days begins on a Tuesday or Thursday, and the one with 355 or 385 days begins on Monday, Thursday or Saturday. Thus there are 14 possible combinations for the calendar year. The present Jewish calendar is considered to date from the year of the Creation, or Anno Mundi 378 B.C. by the Western calendar. The year 1980 A . D . corresponds to the Jewish years 5740-41 A . M . The New Year, 1 Tishri, 5741 A . M . corresponds to September 11, 1980 A . D . It is the fourth year of the 303rd lunar cycle since the Creation and the second year of the 206th solar cycle since the Creation. The Jewish calendar is used today in Israel for all civil and

CALENDAR

113

religious purposes, and by Jews around the world for religious purposes. The holy days of the Hebrew calendar are as follows:— Tishri Tishri Tishri Tishri Tishri Tishri Tishri Kislev

1 3 10 15 21 22 23 25

Tebet Adar Adar Nisan Sivan Tammuz

10 13 14 15 16 17

Ab

9

RoshHashana, New Year, Feast of Trumpets Tzom Guedaliah, Fast of Guedaliah Yom Kippur, Day of Atonement (Feast of Tabernacles) Sukkoth (Last day of festival) (Feast of the 8th day) Simath Torah, Rejoicing of the Law Hanukkah, Dedication of the Temple, Feast of Lights Asarah B'Tebet, Fast, Seige of Jerusalem Fast of Esther) Note: These will fall in Adar II Purim ) when Adar II is used. Pesach, Passover Shevouth, Pentecost Shiveah Asar B'Tammuz, Fast, Taking of Jerusalem Tishah B'Ab, Fast, Destruction of the Temple

Because a large portion of Jews resided Eastern European countries where the Julian calendar was observed prior to 1940, we have given the JulianGregorian overlap for 1st Tishri from 1582 through 1939.

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6.6

THE ERA OF THE ARMENIANS The Era of the Armenians was established in

combination of the traditional pre-Christian feasts

the middle of the sixth century A . D . as Christi-

and the Christian ones celebrated by the church

anity began to move into the area. Previously

during that particular period. Residents used

residents had used both the Greek and the Baby-

local names for months and days. Some sections

lonian Chaldean calendars. They had no stan-

utilized the local Armenian dialect; others Arabic and still others Greek, a reflection of the

dard calendar of their own.

ethnic composition of the area.

Like many others employed in the region, the A r m e n i a n calendar is based on the vague solar

W h e n Christianity became fully established

year of 365 days only, w i t h no allowance for leap

in the 13th century, the Armenian calendar was

year. It had a seven day week. Holidays were a

replaced by the Julian.

ERA OF THE ARMENIANS (Julian)

Armenians of New Year 1

552«

9 Jul

2

553 554

9 Jul

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

9 Jul

Era of

9 Jul

35 36

557

8 Jul 8 Jul

37 38

558

8 Jul

559 560*

8 Jul 7 Jul

39 40 41

555 556*

584*

1 Jul

585 586

1 Jul

12

563 564*

7 Jul 6 Jul

565

6 Jul

45 46

595 29 Jun 596* 28 Jun 597 28 Jun

15

566

6 Jul

47

598

16 17

567 568*

6 Jul

48

5 Jul

18

569 570

49 50

599 28 Jun 600* 27 Jun 601 27 Jun 602 27 Jun

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

4'Jul

53 54

4 Jul 4 Jul

55 56

3 Jul

57

577 578

3 Jul

58

3 Jul

579 580*

3 Jul 2 Jul

59 60

581

2 Jul

62

582

2 Jul

583

2 Jul

63 64

573 574 575 576*

61

618

23 Jun

99 100 101 102

649 650

619 23 Jun 620* 22 Jun 621 22 Jun

75 76

43 44

571 572*

648* 15 Jun

98

594

42

7 Jul

51 52

97

23 Jun

591 30 Jun 592* 29 Jun 593 29 Jun

30 Jun 30 Jun

29 Jun

28 Jun

606

26 Jun

624* 21 Jun

25 Jun

653 654

14 Jun 14 Jun

655 14 Jun 656* 13 Jun

21 Jun 2 1 Jun

627

21 Jun

108

77

628* 20 Jun

78

629

20 Jun

109 110

661

12 Jun

79 80 81 82

630

20 Jun

111

662

12 Jun

631 20 Jun 632* 19 Jun 633 19 Jun 634 19 Jun

112

663 12 Jun 664* 11 Jun

24 Jun

93 94

24 Jun 24 Jun

95 96

67

651 15 Jun 652* 14 Jun

625 626

91 92

25 Jun

15 Jun 15 Jun

105 106 107

88

25 Jun 612* 24 Jun

615

73 74

89 90

611 613 614

623

103 104

85 86 87

607 26 Jun 608* 25 Jun 609 610

72

22 Jun 22 Jun

83 84

603 27 Jun 604* 26 Jun 605 26 Jun

(Julian)

Armenians of New Year

616* 23 Jun

622

589 590

7 Jul

5 Jul

67 68

Era of

617

69 70 71

562

5 Jul 5 Jul 4 Jul

65 66

1 Jul 587 588* 30 Jun

561

19 20 21

(Julian)

Armenians of New Year

1 Jul

11 13 14

Era of

(Julian)

Armenians of New Year 33 34

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date Bra of

635 19 Jun 636* 18 Jun 637 18 Jun 638 18 Jun 639 18 Jun 640* F Jun 641 P Jun 642

647

115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122

13 Jun

658

13 Jun

659 13 Jun 660* 12 Jun

665 666

11 Jun 11 Jun

667 11 Jun 668* 10 Jun 669 670

10 Jun 10 Jun

671 10 Jun 672* 9 Jun

123 124

673 674

9 Jun 9 Jun

675

9 Jun

125

676*

8 Jun

16 Jun

126

16 Jun 16 Jun

127 128

677 678

8 Jun 8 Jun

679

8 Jun

F Jun F Jun

643 644* 16 Jun 645 646

113 114

657

68 I THE ERA OF

ARMENIANS

Western Date Era of (Julian) Armenians of New Year 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178

680* 681 682 683 684* 685 686 687 688* 689 690 691 692* 693 694 695 696* 697 698 699 700* 701 702 703 704* 705 706 707 708* 709 710 71! 712* 713 714 715 716* 717 718 719 720* 721 722 723 724* 725 726 727 728* 729

7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26

un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un

May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May

Western Date Era of (Julian) Armenians of New Year

212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226

730 731 732* 733 734 735 736* 737 738 739 740* 741 742 743 744* 745 746 747 748* 749 750 751 752* 753 754 755 756* 757 758 759 760* 761 762 763 764* 765 766 767 768* 769 770 771 772* 773 774 775 776* 777

227

778

228

779

179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 1 ] ]

6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4

May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May-

Western Date (Julian) Era of Armenians of New Year 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278

780* 781 782 783 784* 785 786 787 788* 789 790 791 792* 793 794 795 796* 797 798 799 800* 801 802 803 804* 805 806 807 808* 809 810 811 812* 813 814 815 816* 817 818 819 820* 821 822 823 824* 825 826 827 828* 829

13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1

May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May

Western Date Era of (Julian) Armenians of New Year 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328

830 831 832* 833 834 835 836* 837 838 839 840* 841 842 843 844* 845 846 847 848* 849 850 851 852* 853 854 855 856* 857 858 859 860* 861 862 863 864* 865 866 867 868* 869 870 871 872* 873 874 875 876* 877 878 879

1 1 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19

May May Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr

THE ERA OF ARMENIANS Western Date Era of

(Julian)

Armenians of New Year

Western Date Era of

(Julian)

Armenians of New Year

329 330

880* 18 Apr 881

18 Apr

379 380

331 332

882

18 Apr

381

883 18 Apr 884* 17 Apr

382

930

6 Apr

931 932*

6 Apr

933 934

5 Apr

935

5 Apr 5 Apr

Western Date Hra of

(Julian)

Armenians of New Year

169

Western Date Era of

(Julian)

Armenians of New Year

429 430

980* 24 Mar

12 Mar

2-1 Mar

479 480

1030

981

1031

12 Mar

431 432

982

2-1 Mar

481

1032* 11 Mar

983

24 Mar

482

1033

11 Mar

433 434

984* 23 Mar 985 2 ì Mar

483 484

1034

11 Mar

1035

11 Mar

435

986

Mar

485

1036* 10 Mar

885

17 Apr

383 384

17 Apr

385

936*

336

886 887

5 Apr 4 Apr

17 Apr

386

937

4 Apr

436

987

Mar

486

1037

10 Mar

337

888* 16 Apr

387

938

4 Apr

437

988* 22 Mar

487

1038

10 Mar

338

889 890

16 Apr

388

939

4 Apr

438

989

22 Mar

488

16 Apr

389

940*

3 Apr

439

990

489

1039 10 Mar 1040* 9 Mar

891

22 Mar 22 Mar

333 334 335

339 340

16 Apr

390

941

3 Apr

440

991

490

1041

9 Mar

341

892* 15 Apr

391

942

3 Apr

441

992* 21 Mar

491

1042

9 Mar

342

893 894

15 Apr

392

3 Apr 2 Apr

993 994

21 Mar

492

1043

9 Mar

21 Mar

8 Mar

945

2 Apr

995

21 Mar

493 494

1044*

895

393 394

943 944*

442

15 Apr

1045

8 Mar

946

2 Apr

14 Apr

947

2 Apr

445 446

996* 20 Mar 997 20 Mar

495 496

1046 1047

8 Mar

897

395 396

347

898

14 Apr

397

948*

1 Apr

447

998

2(1 Mar

497

1048*

7 Mar

348

398

448 449

1049 1050

7 Mar

1 Apr

350

901

13 Apr

951

1 Apr

450

999 20 Mar 1000* 19 Mar 1001 19 Mar

498

399 400

949 950

1 Apr

349

899 14 Apr 900* 13 Apr

351

902

13 Apr

401

952* 31 Mar

451

1002

352

903 13 Apr 904* 12 Apr

402

953 954

31 Mar

452

19 Mar 19 Mar

31 Mar

1003 1004* 18 Mar

955

343 344 345 346

15 Apr 896* 14 Apr

443 444

499 500

8 Mar

7 Mar

1051

7 Mar

501

1052*

6 Mar

502

1053

6 Mar

1054

6 Mar

1055

6 Mar

905

12 Apr

403 404

31 Mar

453 454

1005

18 Mar

503 504

355

906

12 Apr

405

956* 30 Mar

455

1006

18 Mar

505

1056*

5 Mar

356

907

12 Apr

957

30 Mar

456

1007

18 Mar

506

1057

5 Mar

357

908* 11 Apr

406 407

958

30 Mar

457

1008*

1058

5 Mar

909 910

11 Apr

408

959

30 Mar

458

1009

508

1059

5 Mar

11 Apr

409 410

960* 29 Mar 961 29 Mar 962 29 Mar

459 460

1010

Mar 1" Mar p Mar

507

358

1060*

4 Mar

1011

Mar

509 510

1061

4 Mar

461

1012* 16 Mar

511

1062

4 Mar

462

1013 1014

16 Mar

512

1063

4 Mar

16 Mar

3 Mar

16 Mar

513 514

1064*

1015

1065

3 Mar

353 354

359 360 361 362 363 364

911 11 Apr 912* 10 Apr

411

10 Apr

412

10 Apr

913 914

963 29 Mar 964* 28 Mar

413 414

965

28 Mar

463 464

365

915 10 Apr 916* 9 Apr

415

966

28 Mar

465

1016* 15 Mar

515

1066

3 Mar

366

917

9 Apr

416

967

28 Mar

466

1017

15 Mar

516

1067

3 Mar

367

918

9 Apr

417

968* 27 Mar

467

1068*

2 Mar

9 Apr 8 Apr

418

468

518

2 Mar

419

969 970

27 Mar

369

919 920*

27 Mar

370

921

8 Apr

420

971

27 Mar

469 470

15 Mar 1019 15 Mar 1020* h Mar

517

368

2 Mar

1018

1021

14 Mar

519 520

1069 1070 1071

2 Mar

371

922

8 Apr

421

972

26 Mar

471

1022

14 Mar

521

1072*

1 Mar

372

923 924*

8 Apr

422

26 Mar

472

26 Mar

473

14 Mar 1024* 13 Mar

522

7 Apr

973 974

1073 1074

1 Mar

975

373 374

1023

1 Mar

925

7 Apr

423 424

26 Mar

474

375 376

926 927

7 Apr

425

976* 25 Mar

475

7 Apr

426

977

25 Mar

476

928*

6 Apr

427

978

25 Mar

477

1027 1028* 12 Mar

526 527

1077

377

1078

28 Feb 28 Feb

378

929

6 Apr

428

979

25 Mar

478

1029

12 Mar

528

1079

28 Feb

1025 1026

13 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar

523 524 525

1 Mar 1075 1076* 29 Feb

701 THE ERA OF

ARMENIANS W e s t e r n Date

W e s t e r n Date Era of

(Julian)

A r m e n i a n s of N e w Year

1080* 1081 1082 1083 1084* 1085 1086 1087 1088* 1089 1090 1091 1092* 1093 1094 1095 1096* 1097 1098 1099 1100* 1101 1102 1103 1104* 1105 1106 1107 1108* 1109 1110 1111 1112* 1113 1114 1115 1116* 1117 1118 1119 1120* 1121 1122 1123 1124* 1125 1126 1127 1128* 1129

28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 6P 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628

1130 1131 1132* 1133 1134 1135 1136* 1137 1138 1139 1140* 1141 1142* 1143 1144* 1145 1146 1147 1148* 1149 1150 1151 1152* 1153 1154 1155 1156* 1157 1158 1159 1160* 1161 1162 1163 1164* 1165 1166 1167

15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 1169 1170 5 1171 5 1172* 5 4 1173 1174 4 4 1175 1176* 4 1177 3 1178 3 3 1179 GO SO

529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578

(Julian)

Armenians of N e w Year

SO OC

Era of

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

W e s t e r n Date Era of

Armenians of New Year

629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678

1180* 1181 1182 1183 1184* 1185 1186 1187 1188* 1189 1190 1191 1192* 1193 1194 1195 1196* 1197 1198 1199 1200* 1201 1202 1203 1204* 1205 1206 1207 1208* 1209 1210 1211 1212* 1213 1214 1215 1216* 1217 1218 1219 1220* 1221 1222 1223 1224* 1225 1226 1227 1228* 1229

3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1

Western Date Era of

(Julian)

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

31 Jan 31 Jan 3 1 Jan 31 Jan 30 Jan 30 Jan 30 Jan 30 Jan 29 Jan 29 Jan 29 Jan 29 Jan 28 Jan 28 Jan 28 Jan 28 Jan 27 Jan 27 Jan 27 Jan 27 Jan 26 Jan 26 Jan 26 Jan 26 Jan 25 Jan 25 Jan 25 Jan 25 Jan 24 Jan 24 Jan 24 Jan 24 Jan 23 Jan 23 Jan 23 Jan 23 Jan 22 Jan 22 Jan 22 Jan 22 Jan 21 Jan

(Julian)

Armenians of N e w Year

679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728

1230 1231 1232* 1233 1234 1235 1236* 1237 1238 1239 1240* 1241 1242 1243 1244* 1245 1246 1247 1248* 1249 1250 12M 1252* 1253 1254 1255 1256* 1257 1258 1259 1260* 1261 1262 1263 1264* 1265 1266 1267 1268* 1269 1270 1271 1272* 1273 1274 1275 1276* 1277 1278 1279

21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9

an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an

THE ISLAMIC CALENDAR 171 Western Date Era of (Julian) Armenians of New Year

Western Date Era of (Julian) Armenians of New Year

Western Date Era of (Julian) Armenians of New Year

Western Date Era of (Julian) Armenians of New Year

729 730 731 732 733 734

735 736 737 738 739

740 741 742 743 744

745 746 747 748 749

1280* 1281 1282 1283 1284* 1285

9 8 8 8 8 7

Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan

1286 1287 1288* 1289 1290

7 7 7 6 6

Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan

1291 1292* 1293 1294 1295

6 6 5 5 5

Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan

1296* 1297 1298 1299 1300*

5 4 4 4 4

Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan

THE ISLAMIC CALENDAR The Islamic calendar is computed from the Hejira, the flight of Mohammed from Mecca to Medina. The epoch is Mohammed's arrival in Medina, considered to be sunset July 16, 6 2 2 A . D . by the majority of Muslims. (A minority which reckons the day from midnight to midnight uses July 15 as the epoch.) The calendar is a purely lunar one, that is, the year contains only 3 5 4 days. It does not take into consideration the solar revolution, so the calendar consistently moves back 11 days for each solar year. Periodically one day is added for a leap year. In the case of those using July 16 as the epoch, the leap day is added to the second, fifth, seventh, 10th, 13th, 16th, 18th, 21st, 24th, 26th and 29th years of a 3 0 year cycle. W h e n J u l y 15 is used as the epoch, the 15th, rather than the 16th year has a leap day added. Otherwise the intercalations are the same. The months of the Islamic calendar contain, alternately, 2 9 or 30 days. The last month which may have either number. The extra day is intercalated at regular intervals because the moon's orbit is just over 29Vi days long. The months, standard to the Islamic world are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Muharram Safar Rabi I Rabi II Jumadal Jumada II

30 29 30 29 30 29

days days days days days days

8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

Rajab Sha'ban Ramadan Shawwa! Dhu al-Qada Dhu al-Hijjah

30 29 30 29 30 29

days days days days days or 30 days

The Islamic month begins when two responsible witnesses claim they can see the first crescent of the new moon. They then go before the qadi (judge), who, if he decides they are correct, informs a mufti (interpreter of the law). He, in turn, announces that the new month has begun. Prior to the coming of the telephone and telegraph, complications could arise if the weather was cloudy. Each local group decided independently just when the month actually started, and the day could, on occasion, be later than the calendar indication. It has become customary among Middle Eastern Muslims to accept the verdict of Cairo on when the month begins. The Islamic calendar uses a week of seven days, the names of which vary from place to place. They are invariably connected to solar, lunar and planetary motion. The only day with a standard name is el J u m a h , or the "day of gathering," the equivalent of the Hebrew Sabbath and the Christian Sunday. This day is Friday and is considered the first of the week. Because Mohammed entered Medina at sunset, the Muslim day runs from sundown to sundown. Therefore the week begins at sundown on Friday and

72 / THE ISLAMIC

CALENDAR

runs through to the sundown of the following Friday. The Islamic calendar contains one major fast period and two major feasts. During the month of Ramadan no food or drink may be taken from sunrise until it is dark enough to see the stars. Immediately following Ramadan is a feast period known as Eed es Sagheer. It lasts for three days, or from the first through the third of Shawwal. The other major feast, Eed el Keeber or Kurban, is celebrated from the 10th through the 13th or 14th of the last month of the Islamic year, Dhu al Hijjah. Whether it continues for three or four days is determined by whether or not there is an intercalary day added to that year. The feast celebrates Abraham's attempt to sacrifice his son, Isaac. There are several other feast and fast days that are celebrated through the Islamic world. The fast of Yom Ashoora may be celebrated for the first ten days of Moharram, the key day being either the 9th or 10th day, depending on the moon's position. Feast days occur on the 12th

day of the third month (Rabi I), Mohammed's birthday, in the fourth month (Rabi II) celebrating el Hoseyn's birthday (el Hoseyn was Mohammed's son), and in the seventh month (Rejab), celebrating Mohammed's ascension to Heaven. The era of the Hejira is used by many different peoples, often in conjunction with another calendar. The era is the official one in Saudi Arabia, Yeman and the smaller nations in the Persian Gulf. It is used with the Christian calendar in Egypt, Syria, Jordan and Morocco. Muslims throughout the world use it for religious purposes. There have been some attempts to modify the calendar and make it conform with the more prevalent Christian one. During the 17th century Turkey adopted the Julian year while retaining the Muslim era. In the late 19th century, Turkey dropped the Islamic calendar and for official purposes adopted the Gregorian. Iran, during the mid 20th century adopted a solar calendar with Persian names for months and the Muslim era.

ISLAMIC C A L E N D A R

Year of Hegira 1 2* 3 4 5* 6 7* 8 9 10* 11 12 13* 14 15 16*

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 16 5 24 13 2 23 11 1 20 9 29 18 7 25 14 2

Jul Jul Jun Jun jun

May May May Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Feb Feb Feb

622 623 624* 625 626 627 628* 629 630 631 632* 633 634 635 636* 637

Year of Hegira 17 18* 19 20 21* 22 23 24* 25 26* 27 28 29* 30 31 32*

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 23 12 2 21 10 30 19 7 28 17 7 25 14 4 24 12

Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug

638 639 640* 640* 641 642 643 644* 645 646 647 648* 649 650 651 652*

Year of Hegira 33 34 35* 36 37* 38 39 40* 41 42 43* 44 45 46* 47 48*

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 2 22 11 30 19 9 29 17 7 26 15 4 24 13 3 20

Aug Jul Jul Jun Jun Jun May May May Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Feb

653 654 655 656* 657 658 659 660* 661 662 663 664* 665 666 667 668*

Year of Hegira 49 50 51* 52 53 54* 55 56* 57 58 59* 60 61 62* 63 64

Western Date (Julian) oflslamic New Year 9 Feb 29 Jan 18 Jan 8 Jan 27 Dec 16 Dec 6 Dec 25 Nov 14 Nov 3 Nov 23 Oct 13 Oct 1 Oct 20 Sep 10 Sep 30 Aug

669 670 671 672* 672* 673 674 675 676* 677 678 679 680* 681 682 683

THE ISLAMIC CALENDAR

18 Aug 8 Aug 28 J u l 18 Jul 6 Jul 25 J u n 15 Jun 4 Jun 23 May 13 May 2 May 21 Api 10 Apr 30 Mar 20 Mar 9 Mar 26 Feb 15 Feb 4 Feb 24 Jan 14 Jan 2 Jan 23 Dec 12 Dec 1 Dec 20 Nov 9 Nov 29 Oct 19 Oct 7 Oct 26 Sep 16 Sep 5 Sep 25 Aug 14 Aug 3 Aug 24 Jul 12 Jul 1 Jul 21 Jun 10 Jun 29 May 19 May 8 May 28 Api 16 Apr 5 Apr 26 Mar 15 Mar 3 Mar

684* 685 686 687 688* 689 690 691 692* 693 694 695 696* 697 698 699 700* 701 702 703 704* 705 705 706 707 708* 709 710 711 712* 713 714 715 716* 717 718 719 720* 721 722 723 724* 725 726 727 728* 729 730 731 732*

115 116* 117 118 119* 120 121 122* 123 124 125* 126 127* 128 129 130* 131 132 133* 134 135 136* 137 138* 139 140 141* 142 143 144* 145 146* 147 148 149* 150 151 152* 153 154 155* 156 157* 158 159 160* 161 162 163* 164

21 10 31 20 8 29 18 7 26 15 4 25 13 3 22 11 31 20 9 30 18 7 27 16 5 25 14 4 22 11 1 21 10 27 16 6 26 14 4 24 13 2 21 11 31 19 9 28 17 6

Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun Jun May May May Apt Apr Apr Mar Mar Feb Feb Feb Jail Jan Jan Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep

733 734 735 736* 737 737 738 739 740* 741 742 743 744* 745 746 747 748* 749 750 751 752* 753 754 755 756* 75 7 758 759 760* 761 762 763 764* 765 766 767 768* 769 770 770 771 772* 773 774 775 776* 777 778 779 780*

Year of Hegira 165 166* 167 168* 169 170 171* 172 173 174* 175 176* 177 178 179* 180 181 182* 183 184 185* 186 187* 188 189 190* 191 192 193»

194 195 196* 197 198 199 200 201* 202 203 204* 205 206* 207 208 209* 210 211 212* 213 214

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 26 Aug 15 Aug 5 Aug 24 Jul 14 Jul 3 Jul 22 J u n 11 Jun 31 May 20 May 10 May 28 Apr 18 Apr 7 Apt 27 Mar 16 Mar 5 Mar 22 Feb 12 Feb 1 Feb 20 Jan 10 Jan 30 Dec 20 Dec 8 Dec 27 Nov 17 Nov 6 Nov 25 Oct 15 Oct 4 Oct 23 Sep 12 Sep 1 Sep 22 Aug 11 Aug 30 Jul 20 Jul 9 Jul 28 Jun 17 J u n 6 Jun 27 May 16 May 4 May 24 Apr 13 Apr 2 Apr 22 Mar 11 Mar

781 782 783 784* 785 786 787 "88* -89 -90 "91 -92* "93 -94 795 795» 797 OO GN

65* 66 67* 68 69 70* 71 72 73* 74 75 76* 77 78 79 80 81* 82 83 84* 85 86* 87 88 89* 90 91 92* 93 94 95* 96 97* 98 99 100* 101 102 103* 104 105 106* 107 108* 109 110 111* 112 113 114*

Y e a r of Hegira

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year

799 800* 801 802 802 803 804* 805 806 807 808* 809 810 811 812* 813 814 815 816* 817 818 819 820* 821 822 823 824* 825 826 827 828* 829

Year of Hegira 215* 216 217* 218 219 220* 221 222 223* 224 225 226* 227 228* 229 230 231* 232 233 234* 235 236* 237 238 239* 240 241 242* 243 244 245* 246 247* 248 249 250* 251 252 253* 254 255 256* 257 258* 259 260 261* 262 263 264*

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 25 18 7 27 16 5 26 14 3 23 12 31 21 10 30 18 7 28 17 5 26 15 5 23 12 2 22 10 30 19 8 28 17 7 24 13 2 22 11 1 20 9 29 18 7 27 16 6 24 13

Feb Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun Jun May May Apr Apr Apr Mat Mar Mar Feb Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep

830 831 832* 833 834 835 835* 836* 837 838 839 840* 841 842 843 844* 845 846 847 848* 849 850 851 852* 853 854 855 856* 857 858 859 860* 861 862 863 864* 865 866 867 868* 868* 869 870 871 872* 873 CO -J

Year of Hegira

W e s t e r n Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year

I 73

875 876* 877

741 THE ISLAMIC

Year of Hegira

W e s t e r n Date (Julian) of Islamic N e w Year 3 Sep 23 Aug 12 Aug 1 Aug 21 Jul 11 Jul 29 Jun 8 Jim 8 Jun 28 May 16 May 6 May 25 Apr 15 Apr 3 Apr 23 Mar 13 Mar 2 Mar 19 Feb 8 Feb 28 Jan 17 Jan 7 Jan 26 Dec 16 Dec 5 Dec 24 Nov 13 Nov 2 Nov 22 Oct 12 Oct 30 Sep 20 Sep 9 Sep 29 Aug 18 Aug 7 Aug 27 Jul 17 Jul 5 Jul 24 J u n 14 Jun 3 Jun 23 May 12 May 1 May 21 Apr 9 Apr 29 Mar 19 Mar 8 Mar

878 879 880* 881 882 883 884 886 886 887 888* 889 890 891 892* 893 894 895 896* 897 898 899 900* 900* 901 902 903 904* 905 906 907 908* 909 910 911 912* 913 914 915 916* 917 918 919 920* 921 922 923 924* 925 926 927

Year of Hegira 316* 317 318* 319 320 321* 322 323 324* 325 326* 327 328 329* 330 331 332* 333 334 335* 336 337* 338 339 340* 341 342 343* 344 345 346* 347 348* 349 350 351* 352 353 354* 355 356* 357 358 359* 360 361 362* 363 364 365* 366

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 25 Feb 14 Feb 5 Feb 24 Jan 13 jan 1 Jan 22 Dec 11 Dec 30 Nov 19 Nov 8 Nov 29 Oct 18 Oct 6 Oct 26 Sep 15 Sep 4 Sep 24 Aug 13 Aug 2 Aug 23 Jul 11 Jul 1 Jul 20 Jun 9 Jun 29 May 18 May 7 May 27 Apr 15 Apr 4 Apr 25 Mar 14 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb 9 Feb 30 Jan 19 Jan 7 Jan 28 Dec 17 Dec 7 Dec 25 Nov 14 Nov 4 Nov 24 Oct 12 Oct 2 Oct 21 Sep 10 Sep 30 Aug

928* 929 930 931 932* 933 933 934 935 936* 937 938 939 940* 941 942 943 944* 945 946 947 948* 949 950 951 952* 953 954 955 956* 957 958 959 960* 961 962 963 964* 965 965 966 967 968* 969 970 971 972* 973 974 975 976*

Year of Hegira 367* 368 369 370* 371 372 373* 374 375 376* 377 378* 379 380 381* 382 383 384* 385 386* 387 388 389* 390 391 392* 393 394 395* 396 397* 398 399 400* 401 402 403* 404 405 406* 407 408* 409 410 411* 412 413 414* 415 416* 417

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 19 Aug 977 9 Aug 978 29 Jul 979 980* 17 Jul 7 Jul 981 26 Jun 982 15 Jun 983 4 Jun 984* 24 May 985 13 May 986 3 May 987 21 Apr 988* 11 Apr 989 31 Mar 990 20 Mar 991 9 Mar 992* 26 Feb 993 15 Feb 994 5 Feb 995 25 Feb 996* 14 Jan 997 3 Jan 998 23 Dec 998 13 Dec 999 1 Dec 1000* 20 Nov 1001 10 Nov 1002 30 Oct 1003 18 Oct 1004* 8 Oct 1005 27 Sep 1006 17 Sep 1007 5 Sep 1008* 25 Aug 1009 15 Aug 1010 4 Aug 1011 23 Jul 1012* 13 Jul 1013 3 Jul 1014 21 Jun 1015 10 Jun 1016* 30 May 1017 20 May 1018 9 May 1019 27 Apr 1020* 17 Apr 1021 6 Apr 1022 26 Mar 1023 15 Mar 1024* 4 Mar 1025 22 Feb 1026

Year of Hegira 418 419* 420 421 422* 423 424 425 426 427* 428 429 430* 431 432 433* 434 435 436* 437 438 439 440 441* 442 443 444* 445 446* 447 CO

265 266* 267 268 269* 270 271 272* 273 274 275* 276 277* 278 279 280* 281 282 283* 284 285 286* 287 288* 289 290 291* 292 293 294* 295 296* 297 298 299* 300 301 302* 303 304 305* 306 307* 308 309 310* 311 312 313* 314 315

CALENDAR

449* 450 451 452* 453 454 455* 456 457* 458 459 460* 461 462 463* 464 465 466* 467 468*

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 11 Feb 31 Jan 20 Jan 9 Jan 29 Dec 19 Dec 7 Dec 26 Nov 16 Nov 5 Nov 25 Oct 14 Oct 3 Oct 23 Sep 11 Sep 31 Aug 21 Aug 10 Aug 29 Jul 19 Jul 8 Jul 28 Jun 16 Jun 5 Jun 26 May 15 May 3 May 23 Apr 12 Apr 2 Apr 21 Mar 10 Mar 28 Feb 17 Feb 6 Feb 26 Jan 15 Jan 4 Jan 25 Dec 13 Dec 3 Dec 22 Nov 11 Nov 31 Oct 20 Oct 9 Oct 29 Sep 17 Sep 6 Sep 27 Aug 16 Aug

1027 1028* 1029 1030 1030 1031 1032* 1033 1034 1035 1036* 1037 1038 1039 1040* 1041 1042 1043 1044* 1045 1046 1047 1048* 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056* 1057 1058 1059 1060* 1061 1062 1063 1063 1064* 1065 1066 1067 1068* 1069 1070 1071 1072* 1073 1074 1075

THE ISLAMIC CALENDAR 175 Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

(Julian)

(Julian)

(Julian)

Western Date (Julian)

Year of

of Islamic

Year of

of Islamic

Year of

of Islamic

Year o f

o f Islamic

Hegira

New Year

Hegira

N e w Year

Hegira

New Year

Hegira

New Year

520* 521 522 523* 524 525 526* 527 528* 529 530 531* 532 533 534* 535 536* 537 538 539* 540 541 542* 543 544 545* 546 547* 548 549 550* 551 552 553* 554 555 556 557 558* 559 560 561* 562 563 564* 565 566* 567 568 569* 570

27 Jan 1126* 17 Jan 1127 6 Jan 1128* 25 Dec 1128* 15 Dec 1129 4 Dec 1130 23 Nov 1131 12 Nov 1132* 1 Nov 1133 22 Oct 1134 11 Oct 1135 29 Sep 1136* 19 Sep 1 1 3 7 8 Sep 1138 28 Aug 1139 17 Aug 1140* 6 Aug 1141 27 J u l ' 1142 16 J u l 1143 4 J u l 1144* 24 J u n 1145 13 J u n 1146 2 Jun 1147 22 May 1148* 11 May 1149 30 Apr 1150 20 Apr 1151 8 Apr 1152* 27 Mar 1153 18 Mar 1154 7 Mar 1155 25 Feb 1156* 13 Feb 1157 2 Feb 1158 23 Jan 1159 12 Jan 1160* 31 Dec 1160* 21 Dec 1161 10 Dec 1162 30 Nov 1163 18 Nov 1164* 7 Nov 1165 28 Oct 1166 17 Oct 1167 5 Oct 1168* 25 Sep 1169 14 Sep 1170 4 Sep 1171 23 Aug 1172* 12 Aug 1173 2 Aug 1174

469 470 471* 472 473 474* 475 476* 477 478 479* 480 481 482* 483 484 485* 486 487* 488 489 490* 491 492 493* 494 495 496* 497 498* 499 500 501* 502 503 504* 505 506* 507 508 509* 510 511 512* 513 514 515* 516 517* 518 519

5 Aug 25 J u l 14 J u l 4 Jul 22 J u n 11 J u n 1 Jun 21 May 10 May 29 Apr 18 Apr 8 Apr 27 Mar 16 Mar 6 Mar 23 Feb 12 Feb 1 Feb 21 Jan 11 Jan 31 Dec 19 Dec 9 Dec 28 Nov 17 Nov 6 Nov 26 Oct 15 Oct 5 Oct 23 Sep 13 Sep 2 Sep 22 Aug 11 Aug 31 Jul 20 J u l 10 Jul 28 J u n 18 J u n 7 Jun 27 May 16 May 5 May 24 Apr 14 Apr 2 Apr 22 Mar 12 Mar 1 Mar 19 Feb 7 Feb

076* 077 078 079 080* 081 082 083 084* 085 086 087 088* 089 090 091 092* 093 094 095 095 096* 097 098 099 100* 101 102 103 104* 105 106 107 108* 109 110 111 112* 113 114 115 116* 117 118 119 120* 121 122 123 124* 125

57 1 572* 573 574 575* 576 577* 578 579 580* 581 582 583* 584 585 586* 587 588* 589 590 591* 592 593 594* 595 596* 597 598 599* 600 601 602* 603 604 605* 606 607* 608 609 610* 611 612 613* 614 615 616* 617 618* 619 620 621*

22 Jul 1 P 5 10 J u l 1 P 6 * 30 J u n 1 P 7 19 J u n I P S 8 Jun 1 P 9 28 May 1180* 17 May 1181 7 May 1182 26 Apr 1183 14 Apr 1184* 4 Apr 1185 24 Mar 1186 13 Mar 1187 2 Mar 1188* 19 Feb 1189 8 Feb 1190 29 Jan 1191 18 Jan 1192* 7 Jan 1193 27 Dec 1193 16 Dec 1194 6 Dec 1195 24 Nov 1196* 13 Nov 1197 3 Nov 1198 23 Oct 1199 12 Oct 1200* 1 Oct 1201 20 Sep 1202 10 Sep 1203 29 Aug 1204* 18 Aug 1205 8 Aug 1206 28 Jul 1207 16 Jul 1208* 6 Jul 1209 25 Jun 1210 15 Jun 1211 3 J u n 1212* 23 May 1213 13 May 1214 2 May 1215 20 Apr 1216* 10 Apr 1217 30 Mar 1218 19 Mar 1219 8 Mar 1220* 25 Feb 1221 15 Feb 1222 4 Feb 1223 24 Jan 1224*

622 623 624* 625 626* 627 628 629* 630 631 632* 633 634 635* 636 637* 638 639 640* 641 642 643* 644 645 646* 647 648* 649 650 651* 652 653 654* 655 656* 657 658 659* 660 661 662* 663 664 665* 666 667* 668 669 670* 671 672

13 2 22 12 30 20 9 29 18 7 26 16 4 24 14

Jan 1225 Jan 1226 Dec 1226 Dec 1227 Nov 1228* Nov 1229 Nov 1230 Oct 1231 Oct 1232* Oct 1233 Sep 1234 Sep 1235 Sep 1236* Aug 1237 Aug 1238

3 Aug 1239 23 J u l 1240* 12 J u l 1241 1 J u l 1242 21 J u n 1243 9 Jun 1244* 29 May 1245 19 May 1246 8 May 1247 26 Apr 1248* 16 Apr 1249 5 Apr 1250 26 Mar 1251 14 Mar 1252* 3 Mar 1253 21 Feb 1254 10 Feb 1255 30 Jan 1256* 19 Jan 1257 8 Jan 1258 29 Dec 1258 18 Dec 1259 6 Dec 1260* 26 Nov 1261 15 Nov 1262 4 Nov 1263 24 Oct 1264* 13 Oct 1265 2 Oct 1266 22 Sep 1267 10 Sep 1268* 31 Aug 1269 20 Aug 1270 9 Aug 1271 29 Jul 1272* 18 J u l 1273

76 / THE ISLAMIC CALENDAR

673* 674 675 676* 677 678* 679 680 681* 682 683 684* 685 686* 687 688 689* 690 691 692* 693 694 695* 696 697* 698 699 700* 701 702 703* 704 705 706* 707 708* 709 710 711* 712 713 714* 715 716* 717 718 719* 720 721 722* 723

7 27 15 4 25 14 3 22 11 1 20 9 27 16 6 25 14 4 24 12 2 21 10 30 19 9 28 16 5 26 15 4 24 13 3 21 11 31 20 9 28 17 7 26 16 5 22 12 31 20 10

Jul Jun Jun Jun May May May Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Feb Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun May May May Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan

1274 1275 1276* 1277 1278 P79 1280* 1281 1282 1283 1284* 1285 1286 1287 1288* 1289 1290 1291 1291 1292* 1293 1294 1295 1296* 1297 1298 1299 1300* 1301 1302 1303 1304* 1305 1306 1307 1308* 1309 1310 1311 1312* 1313 1314 1315 1316* 1317 1318 1319 1320* 1321 1322 1323

Year of Hegira 724 725* 726 171*

728 729 730* 731 732 733* 734 735 736* 737 738* 739 740 741* 742 743 744* 745 746* 747 748 749* 750 751 757* 753 754 755* 756 757* 758 759 760* 761 762 763* 764 765 766* 767 "68* 769 770 771* 772 773 774*

Western Date (Julian) of I s l a m i c New Y e a r 30 18 8 27 17 5 25 15 4 22 12 1 21 10 30 20 9

Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul V Jun 17 J u n 6 Jun 26 M a y 15 M a y 4 May 24 Apr 13 Apr 1 Apr 22 M a r 11 M a r 2 8 Feb 18 Feb 6 Feb 26 Jan 16 J a n 5 Jan 25 Dec 15 Dec 3 Dec 23 Nov 11 Nov 31 Oct 21 Oct 10 Oct 28 Sep 18 Sep 7 Sep 28 A u g 16 A u g 5 Aug 26 Jul 15 "Jul 3 Jul

1323 1324* 1325 1326 H27 1328* 1329 1330 1331 1332* 1333 1334 1335 13 36* I337 1338 1339 1340* 1341 1342 1343 1344* 1345 1346 1347 1348* 1349 1350 1351 1352* 1353 1354 1355 1356* 1356* 1357 1358 1359 1360* 1361 1362 1363 1364* 1365 1366 1367 1368* 1369 1370 1371 1372*

Year of Hegira 775 776* 777

778 779*

780 781 782* 783 784 785* 786 78'* 788 789 790* 791 792 793* 794 795 796* 797 798* 799 800 801* 802 803 804* 805 806* 807 808 809* 810 811 812* 813 814 815* 816 817* 818 819 820* 821 822 823* 824 825

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 23 12 2 21 10 30 19 7 28 17 6 24 12 2 22 11 31 20 9 29 17 6 27 16 5 24 13 3 22 11 1 21 10 29 18 8 27 16 6 25 13 3 23 13 1 18 8 28 17 6 26

Jun Jun Jun May May Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Feb Feb Feb Jan Jan Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jun Jun Jun May May May Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Mat Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec

137 S 1374 I375 1376* 13" 1378 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384* 1385 l ì 86 1387 1388* 1388* 1389 1390 1391 1392* 1393 1394 1395 1396* 1397 1398 1399 1400* 1401 1402 1403 1404* 1405 1406 1407 1408* 1409 1410 1411 1412* 1413 1414 1415 1416* 1417 1418 1419 1420* 1421 1421

Year of Hegira 826* 827 828* 829 830 831* 832 833 834* 835 836* 837 838 839* 840 841 842* 843 844 OC Jx

Year of Hegira

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year

846 847* 848 849 850* 851 852 853* 854 855 856* 857 858* 859 860 861* 862 863 864* 865 866* 867 868 869* 870 871 872* 873 874 875* 876

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 15 5 23 13 2 22 11 30 19 9 28 18 7 27 16 5 24 14 2 22 12 1 20 9 29 19 7 24 14 3 23 12 1 22 11 29 19 8 28 17 6 26 15 3 23 13 2 22 11 30 20

Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun Jun May May May Apr Apr Mar Mar Mat Feb Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jun Jun

1422 1423 1424* 1425 1426 1427 1428* 1429 1430 1431 1432* 1433 1434 1435 1436* 1437 1438 1439 1440* 1441 1442 1443 1444* 1445 1446 1447 1448* 1449 1450 1451 1452* 1453 1454 1454 1455 1456* 1457 1458 1459 1460* 1461 1462 1463 1464* 1465 1466 1467 1468* 1469 1470 1471

THE ISLAMIC CALENDAR 177

Year of Hegira

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic N e w Year

Year of Hegira

877* 878 879 880* 881 882 883* 884 885 886* 887 888* 889 890 891* 892 893 894* 895 896* 897 898 899* 900 901 902* 903 904 905*

8 J u n 1472* 29 May 1473 18 May 1474 7 May 1475 26 Apr 1476* 15 Apr 1477 4 Apr 1478 25 Mar 1479 13 Mar 1480* 2 Mar 1481 20 Feb 1482 9 Feb 1483 3 Jan 1484* 18 Jan 1485 7 Jan 1486 28 Dec 1486 17 Dec 1487 5 Dec 1488* 25 Nov 1489 14 Nov 1490 4 Nov 1491 23 Oct 1492* 12 Oct 1493 2 Oct 1494 21 Sep 1495 9 Sep 1496* 30 Aug 1497 19 Aug 1498 8 Aug 1499

906 907* 908 909 910* 911 912 913* 914 915 916* 917 918* 919 920 921* 922 923 924* 925 926* 927 928 929* 930 931 932* 933 934

1000* 1001 1002

1003* 1004 1005 1006*

1007

28 Jul 17 Jul 7 Jul 26 Jun 14 Jun 4 Jun 24 May 13 May 2 May 21 Apr 10 Apr 31 Mar 19 Mar 9 Mar 26 Feb 15 Feb 5 Feb 24 Jan 13 Jan 3 Jan 23 Dec 12 Dec 1 Dec 20 Nov 10 Nov 29 Oct 18 Oct 8 Oct 27 Sep

1500* 1501 1502 1503 1504* 1505 1506 1507 1508* 1509 1510 1511 1512* 1513 1514 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1519 1520* 1521 1522 1523 1524* 1525 1526 1527

Western Date (Julian) (Gregorian) of Islamic New Year

Yearof Hegira 991 992* 993 994 995* 996 997* 998 999

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic N e w Year

25 4 24 13 2 22 10 31 20 9 28 17 6 27 15 4 25

Jan Jan Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul

15 Jan 1583 1584* 14 Jan 1584* 3 Jan 1585 23 Dec 12 Dec 1586 1587 2 Dec 1588* 20 Nov 10 Nov 1589 1590 30 Oct 1591 19 Oct 1592* 8 Sep 1593 27 Sep 16 Sep 1594 6 Sep 1595 1596* 28 Aug 14 Aug 1597 4 Aug 1598

Year of Hegira 935* 936 937* 938 939 940* 941 942 943* 944 945 946* 947 948* 949 950 951* 952 953 954* 955 956* 957 958 959* 960 961 962* 963

Yearof Hegira 1583 1584* 1585 1585 1586 1587 1588* 1589 1590 1591 1592* 1593 1594 1595 1596* 1597 1598

1008* 1009 1010 1011* 1012 1013 1014* 1015 1016* 1017 1018 1019* 1020 1021 1022* 1023 1024

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 15 5 25 15 3 23 13 2 20 10 30 19 8 27 17 6 25 15 4 21 11 30 20 9 29 18 7 26 16

Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun May May May Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov

1528* 1529 1530 1531 1532* 1533 1534 1535 1536* 1537 1538 1539 1540* 1541 1542 1543 1544* 1545 1546 1547 1548* 1549 1550 1551 1551 1552* 1553 1554 1555

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year

Year of Hegira

4 24 14 3 22 11 31 21 9 29 19 8 26 16 5 26 14 3 23 12 31 21 10 28 17 5 26

964 965* 966 967* 968 969 970* 971 972 973* 974 975 976* 977 978* 979 980 981* 982 983 984* 985 986* 987 988 989* 990

Nov 1556* Oct 1557 Oct 1558 Oct 1559 Sep 1560* Sep 1561 Aug 1562 Aug 1563 Aug 1564* Jul 1565 Jul 1566 Jul 1567 Jun 1568* Jun 1569 Jun 1570 May 1571 May 1572* May 1573 Apr 1574 Apr 1575 Mar 1576 Mar 1577 Mar 1578 Feb 1579 Feb 1580* Feb 1581 Jan 1582

Western Date (Julian) (Gregorian) of Islamic New Year 14 Jul 3 Jul 22 Jun 11 Jun 1 Jun 20 May 9 May 29 Apr 18 Apr 1 Apr 27 Mar 16 Mar 6 Mar 23 Feb I I Feb 1 Feb 21 Jan

1599 1600* 1601 1602 1603 1604* 1605 1606 1607 1608* 1609 1610 1611 1612* 1613 1614 1615

24 13 2 21 11 30 19 9 28 17 6 26 16 4 21 11 31

Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun May May May Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Feb Feb Jan

1599 1600* 1601 1602

1603 1604* 1605 1606

1607 1608*

1609 1610 1611 1612*

1613 1614 1615

781 THE ISLAMIC CALENDAR Western Date Yearof

(Julian)

Hegira

Western Date

(Gregorian)

Yearof

of Islamic New Year

(Julian)

Hegira

(Gregorian)

of Islamic New Year

1025*

10 Jan

1616*

20 Jan

1616*

1076*

4 Jul

1665

14 Jul

1665

1026

30 Dec

9 Jan

1617

1077

24 Jun

1666

4 Jul

1666

1027*

19 Dec

1616* 1617

29 Dec

1617

1078

1667

23 Jun

1667

1028

9 Dec 28 Nov

1618

19 Dec

1618

1079*

13 Jun ljun

1668*

11 Jun

1668*

1619 1620*

8 Dec

1619

1080

22 May

26 Nov

1620*

1081

11 May

1669 1670

1029 1030*

16 Nov 6 Nov

1 Jun

1669

21 May

1670

1621

16 Nov

1621

1082*

30 Apr

1671

10 May

1671

26 Oct

1622

5 Nov

1622

1083

19 Apr

1672*

29 Apr

1672*

1033* 1034

16 Oct

1623 1624*

25 Oct

1623

1084

8 Apr

18 Apr

14 Oct

1624*

1085*

28 Mar

1673 1674

7 Apr

1673 1674

1035

23 Sep

1625

3 Oct

1625

1086

18 Mar

1675

28 Mar

1675

1036*

12 Sep

1626

22 Sep

1626

1087*

6 Mar

1676*

16 Mar

1676*

1037

2 Sep

1627

12 Sep

1627

1088

24 Feb

1677

6 Mar

1677

1038*

21 Aug

1628*

31 Aug

1628*

1089

1678

11 Aug

1629 1630

21 Aug

1629

1090*

23 Feb 12 Feb

1678

1039 1040

13 Feb 2 Feb

10 Aug

1630

1631 1632*

30 Jul

1631 1632*

1091 1092

23 Jan 11 Jan

1681

21 Jan

1681

31 Dec

1681

10 Jan

1682

8 Jul

1093* 1094

21 Dec

1682

31 Dec

1682

10 Dec

20 Dec

1031 1032

4 Oct

1679 1680*

2 Feb

1679 1680*

1041*

31 Jul 20 Jul

1042

9 Jul

1043

28 Jun

1044*

17 Jun

1633 1634

1045

7 Jun

1635

1635

1095 1096*

28 Nov

1683 1684*

8 Dec

1683 1684*

1046*

26 May

1636*

5 Jun

1636*

1097

18 Nov

1685

28 Nov

1685

1047

16 May

1637

26 May

1637

1098*

7 Nov

17 Nov

1686

1048

5 May

1638

15 May

1638

1099

28 Oct

1686 1687

7 Nov

1687

4 May

1100

16 Oct

1688*

26 Oct

1688*

23 Apr

1639 1640*

1101*

5 Oct

1689

15 Oct

1689

25 Sep 14 Sep

1690

5 Oct

1690

19 Jul 27 Jun 17 Jun

1633 1634

1049*

24 Apr

1050

13 Apr

1639 1640*

1051

2 Apr

1641

12 Apr

1641

1102

1052*

22 Mar

1642

1 Apr

1642

1053 1054

12 Mar

1643 1644*

22 Mar 10 Mar

1643 1644*

1103 1104*

1645

27 Feb

1645

1055*

29 Feb 17 Feb

1105 1106*

12 Aug

1695 1696*

1109*

10 Jul

1697

20 Jul

1697

1110

30 Jun

1698

10 Jul

1698

1650

1111

1650

1112*

19 Jun 7 Jun

1699 1700*

29 Jun 18 Jun

1699 1700

1651

1113 1114

28 May

1701

8 Jun

1701

17 May

1702

28 May

1702

6 May

1703 1704*

17 May

1703 1704*

1705

25 Apr

1705

15 Apr 4 Apr

1706 1708*

1107

1647

1108

1058

17 Jan

1648*

27 Jan

1648*

1059 1060*

5 Jan

1649

1649

25 Dec

1649

15 Jan 4 Jan

15 Dec 4 Dec

1650

25 Dec 14 Dec

22 Nov

1652*

2 Dec

1652*

12 Nov

1653

22 Nov

1115*

1 Nov

1654

11 Nov

1653 1654

1063* 1064

1693 1694

31 Jul

1646

6 Feb

1651

2 Sep 22 Aug

1691 1692*

1695

17 Feb

1647

1062

1693 1694

12 Sep

1696*

1646

27 Jan

1061

23 Aug 12 Aug

24 Sep

21 Jul

7 Feb

1057*

1056

2 Sep

1691 1692*

1116

2 Aug

6 May

1066*

21 Oct

1655

21 Oct

1655

1117*

25 Apr 14 Apr

1067

10 Oct

1656*

20 Oct

1656*

1118

4 Apr

1068*

29 Sep

1657

9 Oct

1657

24 Mar

1069 1070

19 Sep 8 Sep

1658

29 Sep 18 Sep

1658

1119 1120*

1706 1707

12 Mar

1708*

23 Mar

1659

1121

2 Mar

1709

13 Mar

1709

1071*

27 Aug

1660*

6 Sep

1660*

1122

1710

2 Mar

1123* 1124

19 Feb 8 Feb

1711

19 Feb

1710 1711

29 Jan

1712*

1125

17 Jan

9 Feb 28 Jan

1126*

6 Jan

1713 1714

1065

1659

1072

17 Aug

1661

27 Aug

1661

1073 1074*

6 Aug

1662

16 Aug

1662

26 Jul

5 Aug

1075

15 Jul

1663 1664*

1663 1664*

25 Jul

17 Jan

1707

1712* 1713 1714

THE ISLAMIC CALENDAR W e s t e r n Date (Gregorian) (Julian) of Islamic N e w Y e a r

Y e a r of Hegira 1127 1128* 1129 1130 1131* 1132 1133 1134* 1135 1136* 1137 1138 1139* 1140 1141 1142* 1143 1144 1145* 1146

Y e a r of Hegira 1166* 1167 1168 1169* 1170 1171 1172* 1173 1174 1175* 1176 1177* 1178 1179 1180* 1181 1182 1183* 1184 1185 SO GO

1187 1188* 1189 1190

27 16 5 24 13 3 22 11 1 20 9 29 18 8 27 16 6 25 13 3

Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun Jun

1714 1715 1716* 1717 1718 1719 1720* 1721 1722 1723 1724* 1725 1726 1727 1728* 1729 1730 1731 1732* 1733

W e s t e r n Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 8 29 18 7 26 15 4 25 13 2 23 12 1 20 9 30 18 7 27 16 4 25 14 4 21

Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun May May May Apt Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Feb

1762* 1763 1754 1755 1756* 1757 1758 1759 1760* 1761 1762 1763 1764* 1765 1766 1767 1768* 1769 1770 1771 1772* 1773 1774 1775 1776*

7 Jan 27 Dec 16 Dec 5 Dec 24 Nov 14 Nov 2 Nov 22 Oct 12 Oct 1 Oct 20 Sep 9 Sep 29 Aug 19 Aug 7 Aug 27 J u l 17 J u l 6 Jul 24 J u n 14 J u n

W e s t e r n Date (Gregorian) (Julian) of Islamic N e w Y e a r

Y e a r of Hegira 1715 1715 1716* 1717 1718 1719 1720* 1721 1722 1723 1724* H25 H26 1727

1728* 1729 1730 1731 1732* 1733

Y e a r of Hegira

W e s t e r n Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year

1191* 1192 1193 1194* 1195 1196* 1197 1198 1199* 1200 1201 1202* 1203 1204 1205* 1206 1207* 1208 1209 1210* 1211 1212 1213* 1214 1215

19 30 19 8 28 17 7 26 14 4 24 13 2 21 10 31 19 9 29 18 7 26 15 5 25

Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun Jun May

1777 1778 1779 1780* 1780* 1781 1782 1783 1784* 1785 1786 1787 1788* 1789 1790 1791 1792* 1793 1794 1795 1796* 1797 1798 1799 1800

I 79

2 ! May H May 1 May 20 Apr 10 Apr 30 Mar 18 Mar 8 Mar 25 Feb 14 Feb i Feb 23 Jan 13 J a n 2 Jan 22 Dec 11 Dec 30 Nov 19 Nov 9 Nov

1 147* 1148 1149 1150* 1151 1152 1153* 1154 1155 1156* 1157 1158* 1159 1160 1161* 1162 1163 1164* 1165

Year of Hegira

W e s t e r n Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year

1216* 1217 1218* 1219 1220 1221* 1222 1223 1224* 1225 1226* 1227 1228 1229* 1230 1231 1232* 1233 1234 1235* 1236 1237* 1238 1239 1240*

14 4 23 12 1 21 11 28 16 6 26 16 4 24 14 3 12 11 31 20 9 28 18 7 26

May May Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Feb Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep' Sep Sep Aug

1801 1802 1803 1804* 1805 1806 1807 1808* 1809 1810 1811 1812* 1813 1813 1814 1815 1816* 1817 1818 1819 1820* 1821 1822 1823 1824*

1734 1735 1736* 1737 1738 1739 1740* 1741 1742 1743 1744* 1745 1746 1747 1747 1748* 1749 1750 1751

Y e a r of Hegira 1241 1242 1243* 1244 1245 1246* 1247 1248* 1249 1250 1251* 1252 1253 1254* 1255 1256* 1257 1258 1259* 1260 1261 1262* 1263 1264 1265*

3 24 12 1 21 10 29 19 8 25 15 3 24 13 2 22 11 30 20

Jun May May May Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Feb Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Nov Nov

1734 1735 1736* 1737 H38 1739 1740* 1741 1742 1743 1744* 1745 1746 1747 1748* 1748* 1749 1750 1751

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year 16 Aug 5 Aug 25 J u l 14 J u l 3 Jul 22 J u n 12 J u n 31 May 21 May 10 May 20 Apr 18 Apr 7 Apr 27 Mar 17 Mar 5 Mar 23 Feb 12 Feb 1 Feb 22 J a n 10 J a n 30 Dec 20 Dec 9 Dec 27 Nov

1825 1826 1827 1828*

1829 1830 1831 1832* 1833 1834 1835 1836* 1837 1838 1839 1840* 1841 1842 1843

1845 1847 1848»

801 THE ISLAMIC

CALENDAR

Year of Hegira

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic New Year

1266 1267* 1268 1269 1270* 1271 1272 1273* 1274 1275 1276* 1277* 1278* 1279 1280 1281* 1282 1283 1284* 1285 1286* 1287 1288 1289* 1290 1291 1292* 1293 1294 1295* 1296 1297* 1298 1299 1300* 1301 1302 1303* 1304 1305 1306* 1307 1308* 1309 1310 1311* 1312 1313 1314* 1315 1316* 1317

17 6 27 15 4 24 13 1 22 11 31 20 9 29 18 6 27 16 5 24 13 3 23 11 1 18 7 28 16 5 26 15 4 23 12 2 21 10 30 19 7 28 17 7 26 15 5 24 12 2 22 12

Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun Jun May May May Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Feb Feb Jan Jan Jan Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Oct Oct Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jun Jun Jun May May

1849 1850 1851 1852* 1853 1854 1855 1856* 1857 1858 1859 1860* 1861 1862 1863 1864* 1865 1866 1867 1868* 1869 1870 1871 1872* 1873 1874 1875 1876* 1877 1878 1878 1879 1880* 1881 1882 1883 1884* 1885 1886 1887 1888* 1889 1890 1891 1892* 1893 1894 1895 1896* 1897 1898 1899

Y e a r of Hegira

W e s t e r n Date (Julian) of Islamic N e w Year

Year of Hegira

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic N e w Year

1318 1319* 1320 1321 1322* 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327* 1328 1329 1330* 1331 1332 1333* 1334 1335 1336* 1337 1338* 1339 1340 1341* 1342 1343 1344* 1345 1346* 1347 1348 1349* 1350 1351 1352* 1353 1354 1355* 1356 1357* 1358 1359 1360* 1361 1362 1363* 1364 1365 1366* 1367 1368* 1369

1 May 20 Apr 10 Apr 30 Mar 18 Mar 8 Mar 25 Feb 14 Feb 4 Feb 23 Jan 13 Jan 2 Jan 22 Dec 11 Dec 30 Nov 19 Nov 9 Nov 28 Oct 17 Oct 7 Oct 26 Sep 15 Sep 4 Sep 24 Aug 14 Aug 2 Aug 22 Jul 12 J u l 1 Jul 20 J u n 9 Jim 29 May 19 May 7 May 26 Apr 16 Apr 5 Apr 24 Mar 14 Mar 3 Mar 21 Feb 10 Feb 29 Jan 19 Jan 8 Jan 28 Dec 17 Dec 6 Dec 25 Nov 15 Nov 3 Nov 24 Oct

1370 1371* 1372 1373 1374* 1375 1376* 1377 1378 1379* 1380 1381 1382* 1383 1384 1385* 1386 1387* 1388 1389 1390* 1391 1392 1393* 1394 1395 1396* 1397 1398* 1399 1400 1401* 1402 1403 1404* 1405 1406* 1407 1408 1409* 1410 1411 1412* 1413 1414 1415* 1416 1417* 1418 1419 1420* 1421

13 Oct 1950 2 Oct 1951 21 Sep 1952* 10 Sep 1953 30 Aug 1954 20 Aug 1955 8 Aug 1956* 29 Jul 1957 18 J u l 1958 7 Jul 1959 26 J u n I960* 15 J u n 1961 4 J u n 1962 25 May 1963 13 May 1964* 2 May 1965 22 Apr 1966 11 Apr 1967 31 Mar 1968* 20 Mar 1969 9 Mar 1970 27 Feb 1971 16 Feb 1972* 4 Feb 1973 25 Jan 1974 14 Jan I975 3 Jan 1976* 23 Dec 1976* 12 Dec I977 2 Dec 1978 21 Nov 1979 9 Nov 1980* 30 Oct 1981 19 Oct 1982 8 Oct 1983 27 Sep 1984* 16 Sep 1985 6 Sep 1986 26 Aug 1987 14 Aug 1988* 4 Aug 1989 24 Jul 1990 13 Jul 1991 2 J u l 1992* 21 J u n 1993 10 J u n 1994 31 May 1995 19 May 1996* 9 May 1997 28 Apr 1998 17 Apr 1999 6 Apr 2000*

1900 1901 1902 1903 1904* 1905 1906 1907 1908* 1909 1910 1911 1911 1912* 1913 1914 1915 1916* 1917 1918 1919 1920* 1921 1922 1923 1924* 1925 1926 1927 1928* 1929 1930 1931 1932* 1933 1934 1935 1936* 1937 1938 1939 1940* 1941 1942 1943 1943 1944* 1945 1946 1947 1948* 1949

Year of Hegira

Western Date (Julian) of Islamic N e w Year

1422 1423* 1424 1425 1426* 1427 1428* 1429 1430 1431* 1432 1433 1434* 1435 1436* 1437 1438 1439* 1440 1441 1442* 1443 1444 1445* 1446 1447* 1448 1449 1450* 1451 1452 1453* 1454 1455 1456* 1457 1458* 1459 1460 1461* 1462 1463 1464* 1465 1466* 1467 1468 1469* 1470

26 Mar 2001 15 Mar 2002 5 Mar 2003 22 Feb 2004* 10 Feb 2005 31 J a n 2006 20 Jan 2007 10 Jan 2008* 29 Dec 2008* 18 Dec 2009 8 Dec 2010 27 Nov 2011 15 Nov 2012* 5 Nov 2013 25 Oct 2014 15 Oct 2015 3 O c t 2016* 22 Sep 2 0 1 7 12 Sep 2 0 1 8 1 Sep 2 0 1 9 20 Aug 2020* 10 Aug 2021 30 Jul 2022 19 Jul 2023 8 Jul 2024* 27 J u n 2025 17 J u n 2026 6 J u n 2027 25 May 2028 15 May 2029 4 May 2030 23 Apr 2031 12 Apr 2032* 1 A p r 2033 21 Mar 2034 11 Mar 2035 28 Feb 2036* 17 Feb 2037 6 Feb 2038 26 Jan 2039 16 Jan 2040* 4 Jan 2 0 4 1 24 Dec 2041 14 Dec 2042 3 Dec 2043 22 Nov 2044* 11 Nov 2045 31 O c t 2046 21 O c t 2047

FASLI (SOOR SAN) year the indication for the century is given. The name changes again at the millenium and the name of the millenium, century and decade are used every 10th year. W e do the same thing in calling a year 110 or 125 or 1240 or 1981. The calendar begins in late May in the Julian calendar and since the changeover to Gregorian, in early June. The month names, in their Arabic order, are as follows:

The Soor San calendar is one of several bearing the surname Fasli or Fuzli which came into being prior to the advent of Islam. It was constructed as a correction for the vague year of 365 days which was in general use throughout Asia Minor and, to some degree, in India. The Soor San (and other Fasli calendars) uses a year of 365 days and adds an extra day every fourth year for the leap year. It contains 12 months of 30 days each with the extra five or six days added to the end of the year. The Soor San calendar follows another rather interesting complicated structure in the form of cycles of 10, 100 and 1,000 years—somewhat similar to our structure of decades, centuries and millenia. The decades are calculated by repeating the first nine years and adding a suffix indicating the number of the decade to the 10th year. The name changes at the century, and the same process is followed, except that every 10th

1. Baune 2. Abib 3. Meshri 4. Tot

Babe 6. Hatur Kyak 8. Tabc

9. 10. 11. 12.

Mashir Amshir Buramat Barsude Bashans

This calendar was in general use in Asia Minor. It has been frequently dropped in one area only to be resurrected in others. In some cases the beginning of the year was changed to conform to local needs. It is still employed in the Near and Mid East.

SOOR SAN CALENDAR Soor San Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Arabic Year as it is Spoken San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ashar San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ishrin San Ahadi San isni San Salas

Soor San Year

Western Date (Julian) of New Year 600* 601 602 603 604* 605 606 607 608 * 609 610 611 612* 613 614 615 616* 617 618 619 620* 621 622

24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25

May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 81

Arabic Year as it is Spoken San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San

Arba Khams Sita Saba Samani Tisa Salatin Ahadi Isni Salas Arba Khams Sita Saba Samani Tisa Arbain Ahadi Isni Salas Arbas Khams Sita

Western Date (Julian) of New Year 623 624* 625 626 627 628* 629 630 631 632* 633 634 635 636* 637 638 639 640* 641 642 643 644* 645

25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25

May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May

821FASLI

(SOOR SAN)

Soor

Western Date

Soor

San

Arabii

(Julian)

San

Year

as it is !

Arabic Year

of N e w Year

(Julian)

Year

as it is Spoken

of N e w Year

47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97

San San San San San San San San

Saba Samani Tisa Khamsin Ahadi Isni Sadas Arba

San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Sitain San A h a d i San Isni San Salas San A r b a San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Sabain San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San A r b a San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Samanin San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Tisa-in San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba

646 647

25 May 25 May

648* 649 650 651 652*

24 25 25 25 24

653 654

25 May 2 5 May

May May May May May

655 2 5 May 6 5 6 * 2 4 May 6 5 7 2 5 May 658 659 660* 661 662

25 25 24 25 25

May May May May May

6 6 3 25 May 6 6 4 * ' 2 4 May 665 666 667 668*

25 25 25 24

May May May May

669 670 671

25 May 2 5 May 25 May

672* 673 674 675 676* 677 678

24 25 25 25 24 25 25

May May May May May May May

679 680* 681 682 683 684* 685 686 687 688* 689 690 691 692*

25 May 2 4 May 25 May 2 5 May 25 May 24 M a y 25 May 2 5 May 2 5 May 24 May 2 5 May 25 May 2 5 May 2 4 May

693 694 695 696*

25 25 25 24

May May May May

98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148

Western Date

San Samani San Tisa San Mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ashar mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ishrin mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Salatin mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Arbain mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani

697 698

25 25 6 9 9 25 7 0 0 * >4 7 0 1 25 7 0 2 25 7 0 3 25 7 0 4 * 24

May May May May May May May May

705 706 707 708*

25 25 25 24

May May May May

709 710 711 712* 713 714 715 716* 717 718

25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25

May May May May May May May May May

719 720* 721 722 723 724* 725 726 727 728* 729 730

25 May 25 May 24 May

25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 7 3 1 25 732* 24

May May May May May May May May May May May May

733 734 735 736 737 738 739

25 25 25 24

May May May May

25 25 25 740* 24 7 4 1 25 7 4 2 25 7 4 3 25 7 4 4 24 745 25 7 4 6 25 7 4 7 25

May May May May May May May May May May Mav

FASLI(SOORSAN)!

83

Western Date

Western Date

Soor

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

748* 749 750 751 752* 753 754 755 756* 757 758 759 760* 761 762 763 764* 765 766 767 768* 769 770 771 772* 773 774 775 776* 777 778 779 780* 781 782 783 784* 785 786 787 788* 789 790 791 792* 793 794 795 796* 797 798

200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250

Soor

149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199

San Tisa San Khamsin mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Sitain mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Sabain mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Samanin mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Tisain mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa

24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May

San Miatin San Ahadi SanIsni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ashar miatin San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ishrin miatin San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Salatin miatin San Ahadi SanIsni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Arbain miatin San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San khamsin miatin

799 800* 801 802 803 804* 805 806 807 808* 809 810 811 812* 813 814 815 816* 817 818 819 820* 821 822 823 824* 825 826 827 828* 829 830 831 832* 833 834 835 836* 837 838 839 840* 841 842 843 844* 845 846 847 848* 849

25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 25 May

841FASLI (SOOR SAN) Soor

Western Date

Soor

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Western Date

251

San A h a d i

850

25 M a y

302

San Isni

901

25 May

252

San Isni

303 304

San Salas

902

25 May

San Salas

8 5 1 25 M a y 852» 24 May

San A r b a

San A r b a San K h a m s

853 854

305 306

San K h a m s San Sita

9 0 3 2 5 May 904* 24 May 905

2 5 May

San Sita

855

25 May 25 M a y 25 May

307

San Saba

906

25 May

8 5 6 * 24 May 8 5 7 25 M a y 858 25 May

308

San S a m a n i

309 310

San Tisa San A s h a r Salas m a y a t

907 25 May 908* 24 May

311 312

San A h a d i

313 314

San Salas

315

San K h a m s

913 914

2 5 May 25 May

316

San Sita

915

25 May

25 M a y

317

San Saba

9 1 6 * 2 4 May

25 May 867 25 May 8 6 8 * 24 M a y

318 319 320

San S a m a n i San T i s a San I s h r i n Salas m a y a t

917 918

25 May

321

San A h a d i

25 May 8 7 1 25 M a y 872* 24 May

322

San Isni San Salas

921

25 May

922

2 5 May

San A r b a

873 874

325 326

San K h a m s

923 25 May 924* 24 May

327

San Saba

328

253 254 255 256 257

San Saba

258

San S a m a n i

259 260

San Sitain m i a t i n

261

San A h a d i

8 5 9 25 May 860* 24 May

262

San Isni

861

25 M a y

263 264

San Salas

862

25 M a y

San A r b a

863

San Tisa

265

San K h a m s

25 May 864* 24 May

266

San Sita

865 866

267

San Saba

268

San S a m a n i

269 270

San T i s a San Sabain m i a t i n

271

San A h a d i

272

San Isni

273 274

San A r b a

San Salas

275

San K h a m s

276

San Sita

869 870

25 May 25 M a y

323 324

San Isni San A t b a

San Sita

927

25 May

928* 24 May

San Salatin Salas m a y a t

929 930

877

25 M a y

279 280

San T i s a

878

25 May

329 330

San S a m a n i n m i a t i n

879 25 May 8 8 0 * 24 M a y

331 332

San A h a d i

881 882

San Salas

283 284

San A r b a

285 286 287 288 289 290

San Salas San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San S a m a n i San Tisa San Tisa m i a t i n

291 292

San A h a d i

293 294

San Salas

San Isni San A r b a

295 296 297

San K h a m s

298

San S a m a n i San T i s a

San Sita San Saba

299 300

San Salas m a y a t

301

San A h a d i

25 M a y

San Isni

25 M a y

333 334

8 8 3 25 M a y 8 8 4 * 24 May

335 336

San K h a m s

885 886 887

337 338

San Saba San S a m a n i San Tisa

25 25 25 8 8 8 * 24

May May May May

339

919 25 May 920* 24 May

San Tisa

San Saba San S a m a n i

San A h a d i

25 May 25 May

San S a m a n i

277

San Isni

9 1 1 2 5 May 912* 2 4 May

2 5 May 2 5 May

278

281

25 May 2 5 May

925 926

875 25 May 876* 24 May

282

909 910

San A r b a San Sita

25 May 25 May

9 3 1 25 May 932* 24 May 933 934

25 May 25 May

935 25 May 936* 24 May 937 25 May 938

2 5 May

340

San A r b a i n Salas mayat

939

25 May

25 May

341

San A h a d i

940* 2 4 May

891 25 May 8 9 2 * 24 May

342

San Isni

941

25 May

343 344

San Salas

942

2 5 May

San A r b a

25 May 895 25 May 8 9 6 * 24 May 8 9 7 25 M a y

345 346

San K h a m s

943 2 5 May 944* 2 4 May

347

San Saba San S a m a n i

945 946 947

898

349 350

San T i s a

948* 24 May

San K h a m s i n salas

949

889 890

893 894

25 M a y

25 May

25 May

8 9 9 25 May 900* 24 May

348

San Sita

mayat

2 5 May 2 5 May 25 May 25 May

FASLI (SOOR SAN) 185 Western Date

Western Date

Soor

San

Arabic Year

(Julián)

San

Arabic Year

(Julián)

Year

as ¡t is Spoken

of New Year

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Soor

351 352

San A h a d i

950

San Isni

353 354

San Salas

951 25 May 952* 24 May

355

San K h a m s

356

San Sita

San A r b a

953 954

2 5 May

25 May 25 May

398

San S a m a n i

997

2 5 May

399 400 401

San Tisa

998

25 May

San A r b a i n m a y a t San A h a d i

999 25 May 1000* 2 4 May

402

San Isni

1001

25 May

403 404

San Salas

1002

25 May

San A r b a

25 May

405

San K h a m s

1 0 0 3 2 5 May 1004* 2 4 May

406 407

San Sita

1005

San Saba

1006

25 May

408

San S a m a n i

1007

25 May

357

San Saba

955 25 May 956* 24 May

358

San S a m a n i

957

359 360

San T i s a

958

25 May

San S i t a i n Salas

959

25 May

mayat

25 May

361

San A h a d i

960* 24 May

409

San Tisa

1008* 2 4 May

362

961 962

410

San A s h a r arba mayat

1009

25 May

363 364

SanIsni San Salas San A r b a

San A h a d i

1010

2 5 May

San K h a m s

9 6 3 2 5 May 964* 24 M a y

411

365

412

San Isni

1011

25 May

366

San Sita San Saba

413 414

San Salas

1012* 2 4 May

San S a m a n i

965 966 967

415

San A r b a San K h a m s

1013 1014

25 May 25 May

369 370

San T i s a

968* 2 4 May

416

San Sira

1015

25 May

San S a b a í n Salas

969

25 May

417

San Saba

1016* 2 4 May

418

San S a m a n i

371 372

San Ahadi

970

25 May

419

San T i s a

1017 1018

2 5 May 25 May

San Isni

971

25 May

420

San Ishrin a r b a

1019

25 May

373 374

San Salas

972* 24 May

San A r b a

375 376 377

San K h a m s San Sita

973 974

367 368

25 May 2 5 May

25 May 2 5 May 2 5 May

mayat

378

San Saba San S a m a n i

25 May 2 5 May

mayat 421 422

San K h a m s

426 427

San Sita

978

25 May 25 May

381

San A h a d i

980* 24 May

382

San Isni

981

25 May

383 384

San Salas

982

25 May

San A r b a

385

San K h a m s

983 2 5 May 984* 24 May

431 432

985 986 987

433 434

mayat

389 390

San S a m a n i San T i s a San T i s a i n Salas

2 5 May 25 May 25 May

988* 24 May 989

2 5 May

San A h a d i

990

2 5 May

San Isni San Salas

9 9 1 2 5 May 992* 24 May

San A r b a

993 994

mayat 391 392 393 394

San K h a m s

395 396

San Sita

397

San Saba

1023 25 May 1024* 24 M a y

San A r b a

979

San Sita

25 May

425

San S a m a n i n Salas

San Saba

25 May

1022

423 424

San T i s a

386

1020* 24 May 1021

9 7 5 2 5 May 976* 24 May 977 25 May

379 380

387 388

San A h a d i San Isni San Salas

25 May 25 May

995 25 May 996* 24 May

428

San S a m a n i

1025 1026 1027

429 430

San Tisa

1028* 2 4 M a y

San Salatin a r b a

1029

25 May

San A h a d i

1030

2 5 May

San Isni

1031 2 5 May 1032* 2 4 May

San Saba

25 May 25 May 25 May

mayat

San Salas San A r b a

1033 1034

2 5 May 25 May

435 436 437

San K h a m s San Sita San Saba

1035 2 5 May 1036* 24 M a y

438

San S a m a n i San Tisa

1037 1038

25 May 25 May

San A r b a i n a r b a

1039

25 May

439 440

mayat 441

San A h a d i

442

San Isni

1040* 2 4 M a y 1041 2 5 M a y

443 444

San Salas

1042

25 May

San A r b a

1043

25 May

861 FASLl (SOOR SAN) Soor

Western Date

Soor

San

Arabie Year

(Julian)

San

Year

Arabic Year

as it is Spoken

(Julian)

of New Year

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Western Date

445

San K h a m s

1044* 24 May

491

San A h a d i

446

San Sita

1045

25 May

492

San Salas

447

San Saba

1046

25 May

San S a m a n i

493

San Salas

448

1047

25 May

San A r b a

449

San Tisa

494

1048* 24 M a y

San K h a m s

450

495

San K h a m s i n arba

1049

25 May

496

San Sita

497

San Saba

451

San A h a d i

1050

25 May

498

San S a m a n i

452

San Isni

1051

25 May

San Tisa

453

San Salas

499

1052* 24 May

500

San K h a m s m a y a t

mayat

454

San A r b a San K h a m s

1053 1054

25 May

501

San A h a d i

455

25 May

San Sita

San Isni

456

502

1055

25 May

San Saba

San Salas

457

503

1056

24 May

504

Sam A r b a

458

San S a m a n i

1057

25 May

San Tisa

505

San K h a m s

459

1058

25 May

San Si rain a r b a

San Sita

460

506

1059

25 M a y

507

San Saba

508

San S a m a n i

mayat 461

San A h a d i

1060* 24 May

509

San T i s a

462

San Ism

1061

2 5 May

510

San A s h a r K h a m s m a y a t

463

San Salas

1062

25 May

511

San A h a d i

464

San A r b a

1063

25 M a y

512

San K h a m s

San Isni

465

1064* 24 May

San Salas

466

San Sita

513

2 5 May

514

San A r b a

467

San Saba

1065 1066

San S a m a n i

25 May

515

San K h a m s

468

25 M a y

516

San Sita

469

San T i s a

1067

San Sabain arba

1068* 2 4 M a y

517

San Saba

470

25 M a y

518

San S a m a n i

519

San Tisa

1069

mayar 471

San A h a d i

1070

25 May

San I s h r i n K h a m s

472

520

San Isni

1071

25 M a y

521

San A h a d i

473

San Salas

522

San Isni

474

San A r b a

1 0 7 2 * 24 M a y 1 0 7 3 25 M a y

523

San Salas

475

San K h a m s

1074

25 M a y

524

San A r b a

476

San Sita

1075

25 M a j '

525

San K h a m s

477

San Saba

1076* 24 M a y

526

San Sita

478

San S a m a n i

10^

2 5 May

527

San Saba

479

San Tisa

1078

25 May

528

San S a m a n i

480

San S a m a n i n arba

1079

25 May

529

San Tisa

530

San Salatin K h a m s San A h a d i

mayat 481

San A h a d i

1080* 2 4 M a y

531

482

San Isni

1081

25 M a y

532

San Isni

483

San Salas

1082

25 M a y

53 i

San Salas

1083

25 M a y 1084* 24 May 1085 2 5 May 1086 25 M a y

534

San A r b a

535

San K h a m s

484

San A r b a

485

San K h a m s

486

San Sita

487

San Saba

536

San Sita

537

San Saba

488

San S a m a n i

1087

25 M a y

538

San S a m a n i

489

San Tisa

1088* 2 4 M a y

539

San T i s a

490

San T i s a i n arba

1089

540

San A r b a i n K h a m s

541

San A h a d i

mayat

25 M a y

FASLI (SOOR SAN) 187 Soor

Western Date

Soor

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Western Date

542

Sanlsni

1141

25 May

1190

San Salas

1 142

25 May

591 592

San A h a d i

543 544

San lsni

San A r b a San K h a m s

1143 25 May 1144* 24 May

593 594

San Salas

1191 25 May 1 192* 24 May

San Sita San Saba

1145 1146

25 May 2 5 May

595 596

San K h a m s

San S a m a n i

1147

25 May

597

San Saba

1195 25 May 1196* 24 May

545 546 547 cc 549 550

San A r b a San Sita

1193 1194

25 May

25 May 25 May

San T i s a

1148* 24 May

598

San S a m a n i

1197

25 May

San K h a m s i n K h a m s

1149

599 600

San Tisa

1198

25 May

San Sita m a y a t

2 5 May

mayar 551 552

San A h a d i

1150

25 May

601

San A h a d i

1199 25 May 1200* 24 May

San l s n i

602

San lsni

1201

25 May

553 554

San Salas

1151 25 May 1152* 2 4 May

San Salas

1202

25 May

San Arba

603 604

San A r b a

1203

25 May

555

San K h a m s

605

San K h a m s

1204* 24 M a y

1153 1154

2 5 May 2 5 May

556

San Sita

606 607

1205

25 May

San Saba

1155 2 5 May 1 156* 2 4 May

San Sita

557

San Saba

25 May 25 May

558

San S a m a n i

1157

2 5 May

608

San S a m a n i

1206 1207

559 560

San T i s a San S i t a i n K h a m s m a y a t

1158

2 5 May

San T i s a

1208* 24 May

San A s h a r sita m a y a t

561

San A h a d i

1159 25 May 1160* 24 May

609 610 611

San A h a d i

1209 1210

2 5 May 2 5 May

562

Sanlsni San Salas

1161 1162

612

San lsni

1211

25 May

San Salas

1212* 2 4 May

San A r b a

613 614

San A r b a

615 616

San K h a m s

1213 1214

563 564

25 May 25 May

565 566

San K h a m s

1163 25 May 1164* 24 May

San Sita

1 165

25 May

567

San Saba

2 5 May 25 May

617

San Saba

San Sita

2 5 May 25 May

618

San S a m a n i

1215 25 M a y 1216* 24 May 1217 25 May

569

San T i s a

1168* 24 May

619

San T i s a

1218

25 May

570 571

San S a b a i n K h a m s m a y a t

1169

25 May

620

San Ishrin sita m a y a t

1219

25 May

San A h a d i

2 5 May 2 5 May

San A h a d i

Sanlsni

1170 1171

621

572

622

San lsni

1220* 24 May 122! 2 5 May

573 574

San Salas

1172* 24 May

1222

San A r b a

575 576

1173 1174

623 624

San Salas

San A r b a San K h a m s

1223 25 May 1224* 2 4 M a y

San Sita

577

San Saba

578

San S a m a n i

1 1 7 5 2 5 May 1176* 2 4 May 1177 25 May

579 580

San T i s a

1178

25 May

San S a m a n i n K h a m s

1179

CN OO

San S a m a n i

1166 1167

2 5 May 25 May

San K h a m s

2 5 May

625 626 627

San Saba

628

San S a m a n i

1225 1226 1227

San Tisa

1228* 2 4 M a y

2 5 May

629 630

San Salatin sita m a y a t

631 632

San A h a d i San lsni

1229 1230

633 634

San Salas

mayat

San Sita

581

San A h a d i

1 1 8 0 * 2 4 May

582

San l s n i

1181

2 5 May

583 584

San Salas

1182

25 May

San A r b a

635

San K h a m s

585 586 587 588

San K h a m s

1183 2 5 May 1184* 2 4 May

636

San Sita San Saba San S a m a n i

1185 1186 1187

637 638

San Sita San Saba San S a m a n i

589 590

San Tisa

1188* 24 May

San T i s a i n K h a m s m a y a t

1189

25 May 25 May 25 May 25 May

639 640 641

San A r b a

San Tisa San A r b a i n sita m a y a t San A h a d i

25 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 25 May

1231 25 May 1232* 24 May 1233 1234

25 May 25 May

1235 2 5 May 1236* 24 May 1237 1238

25 May 25 May

1239 2 5 May 1240* 24 M a y

881 FASLl (SOOR SAN) Western Date

Soor

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Soor

Western Date

693 694

San Salas

1292* 24 May

San A r b a

1 2 4 3 25 M a y 1244» 24 May

695

San K h a m s

1293 1294

696

San Sita

1245 1246 1247

25 M a y 25 M a y

697 698

San Saba

1295 25 M a y 1296* 24 May

San S a m a n i

1297

25 M a y

699 700

San T i s a

1298

25 M a y

San Saba m a y a t

1299 25 M a y 1300* 24 May

642

San Isni

1241

25 M a y

643 644

San Salas

1242

25 M a y

San A r b a

645 646 647

San K h a m s

648

San S a m a n i

649

San Tisa

25 M a y 1248* 24 May

650

San K h a m s i n sita m a y a t

1249

25 M a y

701

San A h a d i

651 652

San A h a d i

1250

25 M a y

702

San Isni

SanIsni

1251

25 May

San Salas

653 654

San Salas

1252* 24 May

703 704

San A r b a San K h a m s

1253 1254

657 658

San Saba San S a m a n i

25 M a y 1255 25 May 1256* 24 May 1257 2 5 M a y

705 706 707

San K h a m s

655 656

708

San S a m a n i

659 660 661

San Tisa

1258

25 M a y

709 710

San Tisa San A s h a r Saba m a y a t

San Sitain Sita m a y a t

1 2 5 9 25 M a y 1260* 24 May

711 712

San A h a d i

662

San Isni San Salas

1261

25 M a y 25 M a y

713 714

San Salas

1262

San A r b a

1263 25 M a y 1 2 6 4 * 2 4 May

715

San K h a m s San Sita

663 664

San Sita San Saba

San Sita

San A h a d i

25 May

San A r b a San Sita San Saba

San Isni San A r b a

1301 1302

25 M a y 25 M a y

25 M a y 25 M a y

1 3 0 3 25 M a y 1304* 24 May 1305 1306

25 M a y

1309 1310

25 M a y

25 M a y 1307 25 M a y 1308* 24 May 25 M a y

1 3 1 1 25 M a y 1312* 24 May 1313 1314

25 M a y 25 M a y

665 666

San K h a m s

25 M a y

San Saba

1 3 1 5 25 M a y 1316* 24 May

667

San Saba

1265 1266

716 717

25 M a y

718

San S a m a n i

1317

25 M a y

668

San S a m a n i

1267

25 May

San T i s a

1318

2 5 May

669 670

San T i s a

1268* 24 May

719 720

San I s h r i n Saba m a y a t

San S a b a i n Sita m a y a t

25 M a y

721

San A h a d i

671

San A h a d i

25 M a y

722

San Isni

672

San Isni San Salas

1269 1270 1271

1 3 1 9 25 M a y 1320* 24 May

25 May 1272* 24 May

723 724

San Salas San A r b a

San A r b a San K h a m s

1273 1274

725 726

San K h a m s

San Sita

727

San Saba San S a m a n i

729 730

San T i s a

731 732

San A h a d i San Isni

733 734

San Salas San K h a m s San Sita

673 674 675 676 677

San Sita

25 M a y 25 M a y

679 680

San T i s a

1 2 7 5 25 M a y 1 2 7 6 * 2 4 May 1277 25 M a y 1 2 7 8 25 May

San S a m a n i n Sita m a y a t

1279

681

San Ahadi

25 M a y 1 2 8 0 * 2 4 May

682

San Isni

1281

25 M a y

683 684

San Salas

1282

25 M a y

San A r b a

685 686

San K h a m s San Sira San Saba

1 2 8 3 25 M a y 1 2 8 4 * 2 4 May

678

687 688

San Saba San S a m a n i

San S a m a n i

728

25 May

735 736 737

25 M a y

738

25 May 1288* 24 May

739 740 741

1285 1286 1287

689 690

San T i s a San T i s a i n Sita m a y a t

691 692

San A h a d i

1289 1290

SanIsni

1291

25 M a y 25 May 25 May

742 743

San Sita

San Salatin Saba m a y a t

San A r b a

San Saba San S a m a n i San T i s a

1321 1322

25 May

1325 1326

2 5 May

25 May 1 3 2 3 25 M a y 1324* 24 May 25 M a y 1327 2 5 M a y 1328* 24 May 1329 1330

25 M a y 25 M a y

1 3 3 1 25 M a y 1332* 24 May 1333 1334

25 May

25 May 1335 25 May 1336* 24 May 1337 2 5 M a y 1338

San A h a d i

25 May 1339 25 May 1340* 24 May

San Isni San Salas

1341

25 May

1342

25 M a y

San A r b a i n Saba m a y a t

FASL1 (SOOR SAN) 189 Western Date

Arabic Year

Western Date (Julian)

Soor

San

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Soor

744

San A r b a

San K h a m s

1394

25 May

San K h a m s

1343 25 May 1344* 24 May

795

745 746 747

796

San Sita

1395

25 May

San Sita

1345

25 May

797

San Saba

1396* 24 M a y

San Saba

1346

25 May

798

San S a m a n i

1397

25 May

748

San S a m a n i

1347

1398

25 May

San T i s a

799 800

San Tisa

749 750

25 May 1348* 24 May

San S a m a n i m a y a t

25 May

San A h a d i

1399 25 May 1400* 24 May

751 752

San A h a d i

25 May

801 802

San Isni

1401

25 May

1402

25 May

San Salas San A r b a

803 804

San Salas

75.3 754

1351 25 May 1 3 5 2 * 2 4 May 25 May

805

San A r b a San K h a m s

1403 25 May 1404* 24 M a y

755 756

San K h a m s

1353 1354

25 May

1355

806 807

San Sita

San Sita

San Saba

1405 1406

25 May 25 May

757 758

San Saba

808

San S a m a n i

1407

25 May

San T i s a

1408* 2 4 M a y

759 760

San T i s a

1358

809 810

San A s h a r S a m a n i m a y a t

San Sitain Saba m a y a t

811

San A h a d i

761

San A h a d i

1359 25 May 1360* 24 May

812

San Ism

1409 1410 1411

762

San I s m

1361

25 May

813

San Salas

1412* 24 May

763 764

San Salas

1362

25 May

814

San A r b a

San A r b a San K h a m s

1363 25 May 1364* 24 May

San K h a m s

San Sita

1365 1366 1367

25 M a y

815 816 817

1413 1414

San Sita San Saba

1415 25 May 1416* 24 May

25 M a y

818

San S a m a n i

25 M a y 1368* 24 May

San T i s a

1417 1418

25 May

819 820 821

25 May

822

San Isni

25 May 1372* 24 May

823 824

San Salas

1421 1422

25 May 25 May

San A r b a

1423

25 May

25 May

825 826 827

San K h a m s

1424* 24 May

San Sita San Saba

1425 1426

25 May 25 May

828

San S a m a n i

1427

25 May

829 830

San Tisa

1428* 24 M a y

San Salarin S a m a n i

1429

25 May

San A h a d i San Isni San Salas

1430

25 May

San A r b a

1433 1434

765 766 767

San K h a m s i n Saba m a y a t San I s m

San S a m a n i

San Saba

1349 1350

25 M a y 1356* 24 May 1 3 5 7 25 M a y 25 M a y

768

San S a m a n i

769 770

San Tisa

771

San A h a d i

1369 1370

772

San Isni

1371

773 774

San Salas

775

San K h a m s

1373 1374

776

San Sita

1375

777

San Saba

25 May 1376* 24 May

778

San S a m a n i

1377

25 May

779 780

San T i s a

1378

25 M a y

San S a m a n i n Saba m a y a t

781 782

San A h a d i

1 3 7 9 25 M a y 1380* 24 May

783 784 785 786 787 788

San Sabain Saba m a y a t

San A r b a

San San San San

Isni Salas Arba Khams

San Sita San Saba San Samani

789 790

San T i s a

791 792

San A h a d i

793 794

San Salas San A r b a

San Tisain Saba m a y a t San Isni

1381 1382

25 May

25 25 1 3 8 3 25 1384* 24 1385 1386 1387

May May May May

25 May

25 May 25 May 1388* 24 May 1389 1390

25 May

San I s h r i n S a m a n i m a y a t San A h a d i

25 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 25 May

25 May 25 May

1419 25 May 1420* 24 May

mavat 831 832 833 834

1431 25 May 1432* 24 May 25 May 25 May

835 836

San K h a m s San Sita

837 838

San Saba

1435 2 5 M a y 1436* 24 M a y

San S a m a n i

1437

25 May

839 840

San Tisa

1438

25 May

San A r b a i n S a m a n i

1439

25 May

1440* 24 May

1391 25 May 1392* 24 May

841

mayat San A h a d i

842

San Isni

1441

25 May

25 M a y

843

San Salas

1442

25 May

1393

25 May

901 FASLl

(SOORSAN) Western Date

Western Date

Soor

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

San

Arabic Year

(Julian)

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Soor

844

San A r b a

845

San K h a m s

846

San Sita

847

San Saba

1445 1446

25 May 25 May

848

San S a m a n i

1447

2 5 May

849 850

San T i s a

1448* 24 May

San K h a m s a i n S a m a n i

1449

1443 25 May 1444* 24 May

892

SanIsni

893 894

San Salas San A r b a

1491 2 5 M a y 1492* 24 May 1493 1494

25 May 25 May

895 896

San K h a m s

897

San Saba

1495 25 May 1496* 2 4 May

2 5 May

898

San S a m a n i

1497

25 May

San T i s a

1498

25 May

25 May

899 900

San T i s a m a y a t

mayat

San Sita

851 852

San A h a d i

1450

San Isni

1 4 9 9 2 5 May 1500* 2 4 May

San Salas

901 902

San A h a d i

853 854

1451 25 May 1452* 24 May

San Isni

1501

25 May

1502

25 May

San K h a m s

903 904

San Salas

855 856

1453 1454

San A r b a

1503 25 May 1504* 2 4 May

San Saba

905 906

San K h a m s

857

1455 2 5 May 1456* 2 4 May

San Sita

1505

25 May

858

San S a m a n i

1457

25 May

907

San Saba

1506

25 May

859 860 861

San T i s a

1458

25 May

908

San S a m a n i

1507

25 May

San Sitain S a m a n i m a y a t

1459 2 5 May 1460* 2 4 May

909 910

San Tisa

1508* 24 May

San A s h a r T i s a m a y a t

862

San I s m San Salas

1461

25 May

San A h a d i

1509 1510

1462

25 May

911 912

San A r b a San K h a m s

1463 25 May 1464* 2 4 May

913 914

San Salas San A r b a

San Sita

1465 1466 1467

915 916

San K h a m s

1513 1514

917

San Sita San Saba

1515 2 5 May 1516* 2 4 May

863 864 865 866

San A r b a San Sita

San A h a d i

25 May 2 5 May

25 May 25 May 25 May

San Isni

25 May 25 May

1511 25 May 1512* 24 May 25 May 25 May

867

San Saba

868

San S a m a n i

869 870

San Tisa

1468* 24 M a y

918

San S a m a n i

1517

25 May

San S a b a i n S a m a n i

1469

25 May

919 920

San Tisa

1518

2 5 May

San I s h r i n T i s a m a y a t

871

San A h a d i

1470

25 May

921

San A h a d i

1519 25 May 1520* 24 May

872

San Isni

1471

2 5 May

922

SanIsni

1521

25 May

873 874

San Salas San A r b a

1472* 2 4 May

San Salas San A r b a

1522

25 May

875 876 877

San K h a m s

1473 1474

923 924

San K h a m s

San Sita San Saba

1 4 7 5 25 M a y 1476* 2 4 May

925 926 927

878

San S a m a n i San T i s a San S a m a n i n S a m a n i

1477

2 5 May

928

1478 1479

2 5 May 25 May

929 930 931 932

San A h a d i San Isni

933 934

San Salas

1531 2 5 M a y 1532* 2 4 May

mayat

879 880

2 5 May 25 May

mayat

San San San San

Sita Saba Samani Tisa

San Salatin Tisa m a y a t

1523 25 May 1524* 24 May 1525 1526 1527

25 May 25 May 25 May

1528* 24 M a y 1529 1530

25 May 2 5 May

881

San A h a d i

1480 * 24 May

882

San Isni

1481

25 May

883 884

San Salas

1482

2 5 May

San A r b a

935

San A r b a San K h a m s

1533 1534

885 886

San K h a m s

1483 25 May 1484* 2 4 May

936

San Sita

1535 2 5 May 1536* 24 May

San Saba San S a m a n i San T i s a

937 938

San Saba

887

1485 i486 1487

888 889 890 891

San Sita

San T i s a i n S a m a n i m a y a t San A h a d i

2 5 May 25 May 25 M a y

1488* 24 M a y 1489 1490

2 5 May 2 5 May

939 940 941 942

25 May 25 May

San S a m a n i San T i s a

1537

2 5 May

1538

25 May

San A r b a i n Tisa m a y a t San A h a d i

1539 25 May 1540* 24 May

SanIsni

1541

25 May

FASU(S00RSAN)I91 Soor San Year 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983

Soor San Year 984 985

Arabic Year as it is Spoken San San San San San San San San San

Salas Arba Khams Sita Saba Samani Tisa K h a m s i n Tisa m a y a t Ahadi

San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Sitain Tisa mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San A t b a San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Sabain Tisa mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Samanin Tisa mayat San Ahadi San Isni San Salas

Arabic Year as it is Spoken San A r b a San K h a m s

Western Date (Julian) of New Year

Soor San Year

1542

2 5 May

1543 1544* 1545 1546 1547

25 24 25 25 25

986 987 988

May May May May May

1548* 2 4 May 1549 1550

25 May 2 5 May

155 1 25 May 1552* 24 May 1553 1554

25 May 25 May

1555 1556* 1557 1558

25 24 25 25

May May May May

1559 1560* 1561 1562

25 24 25 25

May May May May

1563 25 May 1564* 2 4 M a y 1565 1566 1567 1568*

25 25 25 24

May May May May

1569

2 5 May

1570 25 May 1571 25 May 1572* 2 4 May 1573 1574

25 May 2 5 May

1575 1576* 1577 1578

25 24 25 25

1579

25 May

May May May May

1580* 2 4 May 1581 25 May 1582 2 5 May

Western Date (Julian) (Gregorian) of New Year 1583 1584

25 May 24 May

4 Jun 3 Jun

989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035

Western Date Arabic Year (Julian) (Gregorian) of New Year as it is Spoken May MayMay May May

4 Jun

25 May 1591 25 May 1592* 24 May

4 Jun 4 Jun 3 Jun

San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Tisain Tisa mayat San A h a d i San Isni San Salas

1585 1586 1587 1588*

San A r b a San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ashar-o-all San Ahadi SanIsni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa SanIshrin-o-alf San Ahadi

25 May 25 May 1595 25 May 1 5 9 6 * 2 4 May 1597 25 May 1598 25 May 1599 25 May 1 6 0 0 * 2 4 May 1601 25 May 1602 25 May 1 6 0 3 25 May 1604* 24 May 1605 25 May1606 25 May 1607 25 May 1608* 24 May 1609 25 May 1610 25 May 1611 25 May 1612* 24 May1613 25 May 1614 25 May 1615 25 May 1616* 24 May 1617 25 May 1618 25 May 1619 25 May 1620* 24 May

San San San San San San San San San San San San San San

1621 1622

Isni Salas Arba Khams Sita Saba Samani Tisa Salatin-o-alt Ahadi Isni Salas Arba Khams

1589

25 25 25 24 25

1590

1593 1594

May May May May MayMay May May May MayMay May 25 May 25 May

25 25 1 6 2 3 25 1624* 24 1625 25 1626 25 1627 25 1628* 24 1629 25 1630 25 1631 25 1 6 3 2 * 24 1633 1634

4 Jun 4 Jun 3 Jun 4 Jun

4 Jun 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

4 Jun 4 Jun 4 Jun 3 4 4 4

Jun Jun Jun Jun

3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

3 Jun 4 Jun 4 Jun 4 3 4 4

Jun Jun Jun Jun

921

FASLI(SOORSAN)

Soor San

Arabic Year

Year

as it is Spoken

Western Date Julian) (Gregorian) of New Year

Soor San

Arabie Year

Year

as it is Spoken

Western Date (Gregorian)

(Julian)

of New Year

1036

San Sita

un

1087

San Saba

1686

25 M a y

4

un

San Saba

25 May 1636* 24 May

4

1037

3 un

1088

San S a m a n i

1687

4

un

1038

San S a m a n i

1637

4

un

San T i s a

1638

4

un

1089 1090

San T i s a

1039 1040

25 M a y 25 M a y

25 May 1688* 24 May

San A r b a i n - o - a l f

4

un

1689 1690

San A h a d i

1091 1092

San A h a d i

1041

1 6 3 9 25 M a y 1640* 24 May

3 un 4 un 4 un

1042

San Isni

1641

25 M a y

4

un

San Salas

1043 1044

San Salas

1642

25 May

4

un

1093 1094

San A r b a

1 6 4 3 25 M a y 1644* 24 May

4

un 3 un 4 un 4 un

1095 1096

San K h a m s

1097 1098

4

un 3 un 4 un 4 un

1099 1100

4

1635

1045 1046

San K h a m s

1047

San Saba

1645 1646

1048

San S a m a n i

1647

1049 1050

San T i s a

1051 1052

San Sita

San Salas

25 M a y

25 M a y 1648* 24 May

San K h a m s i n - o - a l f 1 6 4 9 San A h a d i 1650 SanIsni

25 May

25 May 25 May

1 6 5 1 25 M a y 1652* 24 May

3 un

un

San T i s a i n - o - a l f SanIsni

25 May 25 May

1691 25 May 1692* 24 May 25 M a y 25 M a y

4

un

4

un

San Saba

1695 25 May 1696* 24 May

San S a m a n i San Tisa

1697 1698

25 M a y 25 M a y

San M a y a t - o - a l f

San A r b a San Sita

1693 1694

1699 1700

25 M a y 24 May

4

un

San A h a d i

4

un

1102

San Isni

1701

25 M a y

1103 1104

San Salas

1702

25 M a y

5 un 5 un

San A r b a San K h a m s

1 7 0 3 25 M a y 1704* 24 May

4

San Sita

1705

25 May

5 un

25 M a y

5 un 5 un

25 May

San K h a m s

25 M a y

4

un

1105 1106

1056

San Sita

1655

25 M a y

4

un

1107

San Saba

1706

1057

San Saba

1656* 24 May

1108

San S a m a n i

1707

1058

San S a m a n i

1657

25 M a y

San Tisa

San T i s a

1658

25 May

1109 1110

25 M a y 1708* 24 May

1059 1060

3 un 4 un 4 un

San A s h a r m a y a t -

1709

SanSitain-o-alf San A h a d i

1 6 5 9 25 M a y 1660* 24 May

1063 1064

SanIsni San Salas San A t b a

1661 1662

1065

San K h a m s

25 25 1 6 6 3 25 1664* 24

1066 1067

San Sita

1665

San Saba

1666

1055

1061 1062

1068

San S a m a n i

1069

San T i s a

1070 1071

San A h a d i

San Sabain-o-alf

un

5 un

4

un

un

25 M a y

5 un

1 7 1 0 25 M a y 1711 25 May 1712* 24 May

5 un

1111

o-alf San A h a d i

1112

San Isni

1113 1114

San Salas

1115 1116

San K h a m s

25 M a y

3 un 4 un

25 M a y

4

un

1117

San Saba

1 7 1 5 25 M a y 1716* 24 May

1 6 6 7 25 M a y 1668* 24 May

4

un

1118

San S a m a n i

1717

25 M a y

3 un 4 un

1119

San T i s a

1718

25 M a y

5 un 5 un

1120

San Ishrin m a y a t -

1719

25 M a y

5 un

1669 1670 1671

May May May May

25 M a y 25 M a y

1072

San Isni

1073 1074

San Salas

25 May 1 6 7 2 * 2 4 May

1075 1076

San A r b a San K h a m s

1673 1674

25 May 25 M a y

San Sita

1675

1077 1078

San Saba San S a m a n i

May May

1079 1080

San T i s a

1081

San A h a d i

1082

San Isni

1681

1083 1084

San Salas

1682

San A r b a

1085

San K h a m s

1 6 8 3 25 M a y 1684* 24 May

1086

San Sita

1685

San S a m a n i n - o - a l f

4

3 un 4 un 4 un

1101

1653 1654

San A r b a

un

3 un 4 un

3 un 4 un

1053 1054

4

3 un 4 un 4 un 4 un

4 4

un

San A r b a San Sita

1713 1714

25 M a y 25 May

5 un 4 un 5 un 5 un 5 un un

4

o-alf

un

1121

San A h a d i

1720* 24 May

4

un

3 un 4 un 4 un

1122

San Isni San Salas San A r b a

1721 1722

un

3

un

1725 1726

25 May 25 M a y

May

4

un un

1125 1126 1127

5 5 5 4

un un un

4

May May May May

1 6 7 9 25 M a y 1680* 24 May

4

un

25 1676* 24 1677 25 1678 2 5

May

25 M a y 25 M a y

25 May

3 un

1123 1124

1128

San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San S a m a n i

25 25 1723 25 1724* 24

1727

25 May 1728* 24 May

un

5 un 5 un 5 un 4

un

1129 1130

San T i s a

San Salatin m a y a t - 1 7 2 9 o-alf

25 May

5 un

25 May

5 un 5 un 4 un

25 M a y

5 un

4

un

4

un

4

un

1131 1132

San A h a d i San Isni

3 un 4 un

1133 1134

San Salas

1 7 3 1 25 M a y 1732* 24 May

San A r b a

1733

1730

FASL1(S00R Western Date

Soor San

Arabic Year

Year

as it is Spoken

1135 1136 1137 1138

1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153

San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Arbain mayat-o-alf San Ahadi Sanlsni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Khamsin mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San lsni San Salas

(Julian)

(Gregorian)

of New Year

25 25 24 25 25 25

May May May May May May

5 5 4 5 5 5

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1734 1735 1736* 1737 1738 1739

24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25

May May May May May May May May May May

4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 5

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1740* 1741 1742 1743 1744* 1745 1746 1747 1748* 1749

25 May 5 Jun 25 May 5 Jun 24 May 4 Jun

1750 1751 1752*

Western Date

Soor San

Arabic Year

(Gregorian)

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162

1163 1164 1165 1166

1167 1168

1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176

San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Sitain mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San lsni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Sabain mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San lsni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

5 5 5 4 5 5 5

1753 1754 1755 1756* 1757 1758 1759

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 5

1760* 1761 1762 1763 1764* 1765 1766 1767 1768* 1769

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

5 5 4 5 5 5

1770 1771 1772* 17.73 1774 1775

SAN) 193 Western Date

Soor San

Arabic Year

(Gregorian)

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223

San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Samanin mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San lsni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Tisain mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San lsni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San lsni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ashar Miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San lsni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ishrin Miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San lsni San Salas

1776* 1777 1778 1779

4 5 5 5

Jun Jun Jun Jun

1780* 1781 1782 1783 1784* 1785 1786 1787 1788* 1789

4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 5

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1790 1791 1792* 1793 1794 1795 1796* 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804* 1805 1806 1807 1808* 1809

5 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1810 1811 1812* 1813 1814 1815 1816* 1817 1818 1819

6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1820* 1821 1822

5 Jun 6 Jun 6 Jun

941 FASLI (SOORSAN) Soor

Western Date

Soor

San

Arabic Year

(Gregorian)

San

Year

Arabic Year

(Gregorian)

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

1270

1224 1225 1226 1227

1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250

miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Atba San Khams San Sira San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Khamsin

1228

1229 1230

1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262

1263 1264 1265 1266

1267 1268

1269

miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Sitain miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa

1823 1824» 1825 1826 1827 1828* 1829

6 5 6 6 6 5 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1830 1831 1832" 1833 1834 1835 1836« 1837 1838 1839

6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1840* 1841 1842 1843 1845 1846 1847 1848* 1849

5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1850 1851 1852* 1853 1854 1855 1856* 1857 1858 1859

6 6 5 6 6 6 3 6 6 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

I860* 1861 1862 1863 1864* 1865 1866 1867 1868*

5 6 6 6 ^ 6 6 6 5

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282

1283 1284 1285 1286

•^r oo

1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240

San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Salatin Miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Arbain

1287 1288

1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314

Western Date

San Sabain miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Samanin miatin-o-alf San Ahadi SanIsni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Tisain miatin-o-alf San Ahadi SanIsni San Salas San Atba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Salas miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San Khams San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ashar Salas miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba

1869

6 Jun

1870 1871 1872* 1873 1874 1875 1876* 1877 1878 1879

6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1880* 1881 1882 1883 1884* 1885 1886 1887 1888* 1889

5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1890 1891 1892* 1893 1894 1895 1896* 1897 1898 1899

6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1900 1901 1902 1903 1904* 1905 1906 1907 1908* 1909

6 7 7 7 6 7 7 7 6 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1910 19M 1912* 1913

7 7 6 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun

FASLl (SOOR SAN) 195 Soor San

Arabic Year

Western Date (Gregorian)

Soor San

Arabic Year

Western Date (Gregorian)

Year

as it is Spoken

of New Year

Year

as it is Spoken

o f N e f l •Year

1315 1316 131? 1318 1319 1320

OC

1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358

San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Ishrin Salas miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Salatin Salas miatin-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Arbain Salas mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San K h a m s i n Salas mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani

1914 1915 1916» 1917 1918 1919 1920» 1921 1922 1923 1924* 1925 1926 1927 1928* 1929 1930 1931 1932* 1933 1934 1935 1936* 1937 1938 1939 1940* 1941 1942 1943 1944* 1945 1946 1947 1948* 1949 1950 1951 1952* 1953 1954 1955 1956* 1957

7 7 6 7 7 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

6 7 7 7 6 7 7 7 6 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

7 7 6 7 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

7 6 7 7 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

6 7 7 7 6 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

7 7 6 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun

7 7 6 7 7 7 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

7 Jun

1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 139 7 1398 1399 1400 1401

San Tisa San Sitain Salas mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Sabain Salas mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Samanin Salas mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Tisain Salas mayat-o-alf San Ahadi San Isni San Salas San Arba San K h a m s San Sita San Saba San Samani San Tisa San Arba mayat-o-alf San Ahadi

1958

7 Jun

1959

7 Jun

I960* 1961 1962

6 7 7 7 6 7 7 7 6 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

7 7 6 7 7 7 6 7 7 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1963 1964* 1965 1966 1967 1968* 1969 1970 1971 1972* 1973 1974 1975 1976* 1977 1978 1979 1980* 1981 1982

6 Jun 7 7 ? 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun

7 7 7 6 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1993 1994 1995 1996* 1997 1998 1999

7 7 6 7 7 7 6 7 7 7

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

1200*

6 Jun

1983 1984* 1985 1986 1987 1988* 1989 1990 1991 ¡992*

ZOROASTRIAN CALENDAR The Zoroastrians began their calendar with the birth of their founder, the prophet Zoroaster, on March 3, 389 B . C . The calendar was a vague solar year of 365 days. It contained 12 months of 30 days each, with five additional days at the end of the year. It did not use a leap year, nor did it divide the months into weeks or decades (10-day "week"). Each of the 30 days had its own name and was spoken of in the same way we use a number for the month day name. The months were called: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Furvurdeen Ardibehest Khordad Tir

5.Amerdad 6. Sherever 7. Moher 8. Aban

16. Meher H.Serosh 18. Rashne 19. Furvurdeen 20. Behram

6. Khordad 7. Amerdad 8. Depadur 9. Adur 10. Aban

26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

Ashtad Asman Zamiad Maharesphand Aniram

The five extra days at the end of the year are called: I. Ahnuvud 2. Ushtuvad 3. Spentamud 4. Vohi-Kshusthraand 5. Vahishtusht

The Zoroastrian calendar was well established over all of Asia Minor by 300 B . C . and, during the subsequent 23 centuries, has continued to be used wherever Zoroaster's teachings prevailed. The only exception is among the Persian Zoroastrians who, about the 7th century A . D . began to use the calendar of Yezdezred. The Zoroastrian calendar today is used primarily in the Bombay district of India, although it is also employed in some other isolated pockets in Asia Minor.

9. Adur 10. Deli 11. Bahman 12. Aspendadmad

The days of the month are called: 1. Hormazd 2. Bahman 3. Ardibehest 4. Shrerever 5. Aspundad

21. Ram 22. Guvad 23. Depdin 24. Din 25. Ashasang

ll.Khurshed 12. Mhor 13. Tir 14. Gosh 15. Depmhcl

ZOROASTERIAN CALENDAR Western Date iroasteriar (Julian) Year of N e w Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

388 387 386 385* 384 383 382 381* 380 379 .378 377* 376 375 .374 373* 372 371 370 369*

3 3 3 3 2 2 2 i

1 1 1 1 28 28 28 28 27

27 27 27

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of N e w Year 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

368 367 366 365* 364 363 362 361* 360 359 358 357* 356 355 354 353* 352 351 350 349*

26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

96

348 347 346 345* 344 343 342 341* 340 339 338 3.37* 336 335 3.34 333* 332 331 330 329*

21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of N e w Year 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

328 .327 326 325* 324 323 322 321* 320 .319 318 317* 316 315 314 313* 312 311 310 309*

16 Feb 16 Feb 16 Feb 16 Feb 15 Feb 15 Feb 15 Feb 15 Feb 14 Feb 14 Feb 14 Feb 14 Feb 13 Feb 13 Feb 13 Feb 13 Feb 12 Feb 12 Feb 12 Feb 12 Feb

ZOROASTERIAN CALENDAR Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132

308 307 306 305* 304 303 304 301* 300 299 298 297* 296 295 294 293* 292 291 290 289* 288 287 286 285* 284 283 282 281* 280 279 278 277* 276 275 274 273* 272 271 270 269* 268 267 266 265* 264 263 262 261* 260 259 258 257*

11 Feb 11 Feb 11 Feb 11 Feb 10 Feb 10 Feb 10 Feb 10 Feb 9 Feb 9 Feb 9 Feb 9 Feb 8 Feb 8 Feb 8 Feb 8 Feb 7 Feb 7 Feb 7 Feb 7 Feb 6 Feb 6 Feb 6 Feb 6 Feb 5 Feb 5 Feb 5 Feb 5 Feb 4 Feb 4 Feb 4 Feb 4 Feb 3 Feb 3 Feb 3 Feb 3 Feb 2 Feb 2 Feb 2 Feb 2 Feb 1 Feb 1 Feb 1 Feb 1 Feb 31 Jan 31 Jan 31 Jan 31 Jan 30 Jan 30 Jan 30 Jan 30 Jan

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184

256 255 254 253* 252 251 250 249* 248 247 246 245* 244 243 242 241* 240 239 238 237* 236 235 234 233* 232 231 230 729* 228 227 226 225* 224 223 222 221* 220 219 218 217* 216 215 214 213* 212 211 210 209* 208 207 206 205*

29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17

Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236

204 203 202 201* 200 199 198 197* 196 195 194 193* 192 191 190 189* 188 187 186 185* 184 183 182 181* 180 179 178 177* 176 175 174 173* 172 171 no 169* 168 167 166 165* 164 163 162 161* 160 159 158 157* 156 155 154 153*

16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4

an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an an

197

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288

152 151 150 149* 148 147 146 145* 144 143 142 141* 141* 140 139 138 137* 136 135 134 133* 132 131 130 129* 128 127 126 125* 124 123 P2 121* 120 119 118 117* 116 115 114 113* 112 111 110 109* 108 107 106 105* 104 103 102

3 Jan 3 Jan 3 Jan 3 Jan 2 Jan 2 Jan 2 Jan 2 Jan 1 Jan 1 Jan 1 Jan 1 Dec 31 Dec 31 Dec 31 Dec 31 Dec 30 Dec 30 Dcc 30 Dec 30 Dec 29 Dec 29 Dec 29 Dec 29 Dec 28 Dec 28 Dec 28 Dec 28 Dec 27 Dec 27 Dec 27 Dec 27 Dec 26 Dec 26 Dec 26 Dec 26 Dec 25 Dec 25 Dec 25 Dec 25 Dec 24 Dec 24 Dec 24 Dec 24 Dec 23 Dec 23 Dec 23 Dec 23 Dec 22 Dec 22 Dec 22 Dec 22 Dec

9 8 / ZOROASTERIAN

CALENDAR Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Zoroasterian

(Julian)

Zoroasterian

(Julian)

Zoroasterian

(Julian)

Zoroasterian

(Julian)

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340

101* 100 99 98 97* 96 95 94 93* 92 91 90 89* 88 87 86 85* 84 83 82 81* 80 79 78 77* 76 75 74 73* 72 71 70 69* 68 67 66 65* 64 63 62 61* 60 59 58 57* 56 55 54 53»

21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 52 9 51 9 50 9

Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec

341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392

49* 48 47 46 45* 44 43 42 41* 40 39 38 37* 36 35 34 33* 32 31 30 29* 28 27 26 25* 24 23 22 21* 20 19 18 17* 16 15 14 13* 12 11 10 9* 8 7 6 5* 4 3 2 1* 1 2 3

8 Dec 8 Dec 8 Dec 8 Dec 7 Dec 7 Dec 7 Dec 7 Dec 6 Dec 6 Dec 6 Dec 6 Dec 5 Dec 5 Dec 5 Dec 5 Dec 4 Dec 4 Dec 4 Dec 4 Dec 3 Dec 3 Dec 3 Dec 3 Dec 2 Dec 2 Dec 2 Dec 2 Dec 1 Dec 1 Dec 1 Dec 1 Dec 30 Nov 30 Nov 30 Nov 30 Nov 29 Nov 29 Nov 29 Nov 29 Nov 28 Nov 28 Nov 28 Nov 28 Nov 27 Nov 27 Nov 27 Nov 27 Nov 26 Nov 26 Nov 26 Nov 26 Nov

393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444

4* 5 6 7 8* 9 10 11 12* 13 14 15 16* 17 18 19 20* 21 22 23 24* 25 26 27 28* 29 30 31 32* 33 34 35 36* 37 38 39 40* 41 42 43 44* 45 46 47 48* 49 50 51 52* 53 54 55

25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13

Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov

445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496

56* 57 58 59 60* 61 62 65 64* 65 66 67 68* 69 70 71 72* 73 74 75 76* 77 78 79 80* 81 82 83 84* 85 86 87 88* 89 90 91 92* 93 94 95 96* 97 98 99 100* 101 102 103 104* 105 106 107

12 Nov 12 Nov 12 Nov 12 Nov 11 Nov 11 Nov 11 Nov 11 Nov 10 Nov 10 Nov 10 Nov 10 Nov 9 Nov 9 Nov 9 Nov 9 Nov 8 Nov 8 Nov 8 Nov 8 Nov 7 Nov 7 Nov 7 Nov 7 Nov 6 Nov 6 Nov 6 Nov 6 Nov 5 Nov 5 Nov 5 Nov 5 Nov 4 Nov 4 Nov 4 Nov 4 Nov 3 Nov 3 Nov 3 Nov 3 Nov 2 Nov 2 Nov 2 Nov 2 Nov 1 Nov 1 Nov 1 Nov 1 Nov 31 Oct 31 Oct 31 Oct 31 Oct

ZOROASTERIAN CALENDAR 199 Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

Zoroasterian (Juliai Year of New '

108* 30 Oct

549

160* 17 Oct

601

212*

4 Oct

653

109

30 Oct

550

161

17 Oct

602

213

4 Oct

654

110

30 Oct

551

162

17 Oct

603

214

4 Oct

655

111

30 Oct

552

163

17 Oct

604

215

4 Oct

656

112* 29 Oct 113 29 Oct

553

605

216*

3 Oct

657

554

164* 16 Oct 165 16 Oct

606

217

3 Oct

658

114

29 Oct

555

166

16 Oct

607

218

3 Oct

659

115

29 Oct

556

167

16 Oct

608

219

3 Oct

660

116* 28 Oct 117 28 Oct

557

609

220*

2 Oct

661

558

168* 15 Oct 169 15 Oct

610

221

2 Oct

662

118 28 Oct

559

170

15 Oct

611

222

2 Oct

663

119 28 Oct 120* 27 Oct

560

171

15 Oct

612

223

2 Oct

664

561

613

224*

1 Oct

665

121

27 Oct

562

172* 14 Oct 173 14 Oct

614

225

1 Oct

666

122

27 Oct

563

174

14 Oct

615

226

I Oct

667

123

27 Oct

564

175

14 Oct

616

227

1 Oct

668

124* 26 Oct

565

617

26 Oct

566

618

228* 30 Sep 229 30 Sep

669

125

176* 13 Oct 177 13 Oct

126

26 Oct

567

178

13 Oct

619

230

30 Sep

671

127

26 Oct

568

179

13 Oct

620

672

128* 25 Oct

569

621

129

25 Oct

570

180* 12 Oct 181 12 Oct

231 30 Sep 232* 29 Sep

622

233

29 Sep

67 4

130

25 Oct

571

182

12 Oct

623

25 Oct

572

183

12 Oct

624

132* 24 Oct

573

625

677

133 134

24 Oct

574

184* 11 Oct 185 11 Oct

234 29 Sep 235 29 Sep 236* 28 Sep

675

131

626

237

28 Sep

678

24 Oct

575

186

11 Oct

627

238

28 Sep

679

135

24 Oct

576

187

11 Oct

628

28 Sep

680

136* 23 Oct 137 23 Oct

577

629

240*

V Sep

681

578

188* 10 Oct 189 10 Oct

239

630

241

2 7 Sep

682

23 Oct

579

190

631

242

V Sep

683

139 23 Oct 140* 22 Oct

580

191

632

243

27 Sep

684

581

192*

633

685

141

22 Oct

582

193

634

244* 26 Sep 245 26 Sep

142

22 Oct

583

194

635

246

26 Sep

687

143

22 Oct

584

195

636

247

26 Sep

688

144* 21 Oct 145 21 Oct

585

196*

637

689

586

197

638

248* 25 Sep 249 25 Sep

146

21 Oct

587

198

639

250

25 Sep

691

147

640

251 25 Sep 252* 24 Sep

692

641 642

253

24 Sep

694

643

254

24 Sep

695

644

255 256* 257 258

24 Sep

696

259 260* 261 262 263

138

21 Oct

588

199

148* 20 Oct 149 20 Oct

589

200*

590

201

150

20 Oct

591

202

151

20 Oct

592

203

152* 19 Oct 153 19 Oct

593

204*

594

205

154

19 Oct

595

206

155

19 Oct

596

207

156* 18 Oct 157 18 Oct

597

208*

598

209

158

18 Oct

599

210

159

18 Oct

600

211

10 Oct

10 Oct 9 Oct 9 Oct 9 Oct 9 Oct 8 Oct 8 Oct 8 Oct 8 Oct 7 Oct 7 Oct 7 Oct 7 Oct 6 Oct 6 Oct 6 Oct 6 Oct 5 Oct 5 Oct 5 Oct 5 Oct

645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652

670

673

676

686

690

693

23 Sep

697

23 Sep

698

23 Sep

699

23 Sep

700

22 Sep

701

22 Sep

702

22 Sep

703

22 Sep

704

1001ZOROASTERIAN CALENDAR

8 Sep 8 Sep 8 Sep 8 Sep 7 Sep 7 Sep 7 Sep 7 Sep 6 Sep 6 Sep 6 Sep 6 Sep 5 Sep 5 Sep 5 Sep 5 Sep 4 Sep 4 Sep 4 Sep 4 Sep 3 Sep 3 Sep 3 Sep 3 Sep 2 Sep 2 Sep 2 Sep 2 Sep 1 Sep 1 Sep 1 Sep 1 Sep 31 Aug 31 Aug 31 Aug 31 Aug 30 Aug 30 Aug 30 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 28 Aug 28 Aug 28 Aug 28 Aug 27 Aug 27 Aug 27 Aug 27 Aug

757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808

368* 369 370 371 372* 373 374 375 376* 377 378 379 380* 381 382 383 384* 385 386 387 388* 389 390 391 392* 393 394 395 396* 397 398 399 400* 401 402 403 404* 405 406 407 408* 409 410 411 412* 413 414 415 416* 417 418 419

2 6 Aug 26 Aug 26 Aug 26 Aug 25 Aug 25 Aug 25 Aug 25 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 23 Aug 23 Aug 23 Aug 23 Aug 22 Aug 22 Aug 22 Aug 22 Aug 21 Aug 21 Aug 21 Aug 21 Aug 20 Aug 20 Aug 20 Aug 20 Aug 19 Aug 19 Aug 19 Aug 19 Aug 18 Aug 18 Aug 18 Aug 18 Aug 17 Aug 17 Aug 17 Aug 17 Aug 16 Aug 16 Aug 16 Aug 16 Aug 15 Aug 15 Aug 15 Aug 15 Aug 14 Aug 14 Aug 14 Aug 14 Aug

809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 OO

316* 317 318 319 320* 321 322 323 324* 325 326 327 328* 329 330 331 332* 333 334 335 336* 337 338 339 340* 341 342 343 344* 345 346 347 348* 349 350 351 352* 353 354 355 356* 357 358 359 360* 361 362 363 364* 365 366 367

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

NO

705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 OO J*. NO

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860

420* 421 422 423 424* 425 426 427 428* 429 430 431 432* 433 434 435 436* 437 438 439 440* 441 442 443 444* 445 446 447 448* 449 450 451 452* 453 454 455 456* 457 458 459 460* 461 462 463 464* 465 466 467 468* 469 470 471

13 Aug 13 Aug 13 Aug 13 Aug 12 Aug 12 Aug 12 Aug 12 Aug 11 Aug 11 Aug 11 Aug 11 Aug 10 Aug 10 Aug 10 Aug 10 Aug 9 Aug 9 Aug 9 Aug 9 Aug 8 Aug 8 Aug 8 Aug 8 Aug 7 Aug 7 Aug 7 Aug 7 Aug 6 Aug 6 Aug 6 Aug 6 Aug 5 Aug 5 Aug 5 Aug 5 Aug 4 Aug 4 Aug 4 Aug 4 Aug 3 Aug 3 Aug 3 Aug 3 Aug 2 Aug 2 Aug 2 Aug 2 Aug 1 Aug 1 Aug 1 Aug 1 Aug

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912

472* 473 474 475 476* 477 478 479 480* 481 482 483 484* 485 486 487 488* 489 490 491 492* 493 494 495 496* 497 498 499 500* 501 502 503 504* 505 506 507 508* 509 510 511 512* 513 514 515 516* 517 518 519 520* 521 522 523

31 J u l 31 Jul 31 Jul 31 Jul 30 J u l 30 Jul 30 Jul 30 Jul 29 J u l 29 Jul 29 Jul 29 Jul 28 Jul 28 Jul 28 Jul 28 Jul 27 J u l 27 Jul 27 Jul 27 Jul 26 Jul 26 Jul 26 Jul 26 Jul 25 J u l 25 Jul 25 Jul 25 Jul 24 J u l 24 Jul 24 Jul 24 Jul 23 J u l 23 Jul 23 Jul 23 Jul 22 J u l 22 Jul 22 Jul 22 Jul 21 Jul 21 Jul 21 Jul 21 Jul 20 Jul 20 Jul 20 Jul 20 Jul 19 J u l 19 Jul 19 Jul 19 Jul

ZOROASTERIAN CALENDAR 1101 Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) of New Year Year 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964

524* 525 526 527 528* 529 530 531 532* 533 534 535 536* 537 538 539 540* 541 542 543 544* 545 546 547 548* 549 550 551 552* 553 554 555 556* 557 558 559 560* 561 562 563 564* 565 566 567 568* 569 570 571 572* 573 574 575

18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7

7 7 7 6 6 6 6

ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Y ear 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 9~!2 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016

576* 577 578 579 580* 581 582 583 584* 585 586 587 588* 589 590 591 592* 593 594 595 596* 597 598 599 600* 601 602 603 604* 605 606 607 608* 609 610 611 612* 613 614 615 616* 617 618 619 620* 621 622 623 624* 625 626 627

5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 i 1 1 1 1 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23

ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) of New Year Year 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068

628* 629 630 631 632* 633 634 635 636* 637 638 639 640* 641 642 643 644* 645 646 647 648* 649 650 651 652* 653 654 655 656* 657 658 659 660* 661 662 663 664* 665 666 667 668* 669 670 671 672* 673 674 675 676* 677 678 679

22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Y ' e a r 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120

680* 681 682 683 684* 685 686 687 688* 689 690 691 692* 693 694 695 696* 697 698 699 700* 701 702 703 704* 705 706 707 708* 709 710 711 712* 713 714 715 716* 717 718 719 720* 721 722 723 724* 725 726 727 728* 729 730 731

9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May

102 / ZOROASTERIAN

CALENDAR

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172

1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224

1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276

732* 733 734 735 736* 737 738 739 740* 741 742 743 744* 745 746 747 748* 749 750 751 752* 753 754 755 756* 757 758 759 760* 761 762 763 764* 765 766 767 768* 769 770 771 772* 773 774 775 776* 111 778 779 780* 781 782 783

27 May 27 May 27 May 27 May 26 May 26 May 26 May 26 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 25 May 24 May 24 May 24 May 24 May 23 May 23 May 23 May 23 May 22 May 22 May 22 May 22 May 21 May 21 May 21 May 21 May 20 May 20 May 20 May 20 May 19 May 19 May 19 May 19 May 18 May 18 May 18 May 18 May 17 May 17 May 17 May 17 May 16 May 16 May 16 May 16 May 15 May 15 May 15 May 15 May

784* -85 786 787 788* 789 790 791 792* m 794 795 796* 797 798 799 800* 801 802 803 804* 805 806 807 808* 809 810 811 812* 813 814 815 816* 817 818 819 820* 821 822 823 824* 825 826 827 828* 829 830 831 832* 833 834 835

14 May 14 May 14 May 14 May 13 May 13 May 13 May 13 May 12 May 12 May 12 May 12 May 11 May 11 May 11 May 11 May 10 May 10 May 10 May 10 May 9 May 9 May 9 May 9 May 8 May 8 May 8 May 8 May 7 May 7 May V May 7 May 6 May 6 May 6 May 6 May 5 May 5 May 5 May 5 May 4 May 4 May 4 May 4 May 3 May 3 May 3 May 3 May 2 May 2 May 2 May 2 May

836* 1 May 837 1 May 838 1 May 839 1 May 840* 30 Apr 841 30 Apr 842 30 Apr 843 30 Apr 844* 29 Apr 845 29 Apr 846 29 Apr 847 29 Apr 848* 28 Apr 849 28 Apr 850 28 Apr 851 28 Apr 852* 27 Apr 853 27 Apr 854 27 Apr 855 27 Apr 856* 26 Apr 857 26 Apr 858 26 Apr 859 26 Apr 860* 25 Apr 861 25 Apr 862 25 Apr 863 25 Apr 864* 24 Apr 865 24 Apr 866 24 Apr 867 24 Apr 868* 23 Apr 869 23 Apr 870 23 Apr 871 23 Apr 872* 22 Apr 873 22 Apr 874 22 Apr 875 22 Apr 876* 21 Apr 877 21 Apr 878 21 Apr 879 21 Apr 880* 20 Apr 881 20 Apr 882 20 Apr 883 20 Apr 884* 19 Apr 885 19 Apr 886 19 Apr 887 19 Apr

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328

888* 889 890 891 892* 893 894 895 896* 897 898 899 900* 901 902 903 904* 905 906 907 908* 909 910 911 912* 913 914 915 916* 917 918 919 920* 921 922 923 924* 925 926 927 928* 929 930 931 932* 933 934 935 936* 937 938 939

18 Apr 18 Apr 18 Apr 18 Apr 17 Apr 17 Apr 17 Apr 17 Apr 16 Apr 16 Apr 16 Apr 16 Apr 15 Apr 15 Apr 15 Apr 15 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 13 Apr 13 Apr 13 Apr 12 Apr 12 Apr 12 Apr 12 Apr 11 Apr 11 Apr 11 Apr 11 Apr 10 Apr 10 Apr 10 Apr 10 Apr 9 Apr 9 Apr 9 Apr 9 Apr 8 Apr 8 Apr 8 Apr 8 Apr 7 Apr 7 Apr 7 Apr 7 Apr 6 Apr 6 Apr 6 Apr 6 Apr

ZOROASTERIAN CALENDAR W e s t e r n Date Zoroasterian (Julian) of N e w Y e a r Year 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 1380

940* 941 942 943 944* 945 946 947 948* 949 950 951 952* 953 954 955 956* 957 958 959 960* 961 962 963 964* 965 966 967 968* 969 970 971 972* 973 974 975 976* 977 978 979 980* 981 982 983 984* 985 986 987 988* 989 990 991

5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24

Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

W e s t e r n Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of N e w Y e a r

Western Date Zoroasterian J u l i a n ) Year of N e w Y e a r

1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400 1401 1402 1403 1404 1405 1406 1407 1408 1409 1410 1411 1412 1413 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430 1431 1432

1433 1434 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1459 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 1465 1466 1467 1468 1469 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480 1481 1482 1483 1484

992* 993 994 995 996* 997 998 999 1000* 1001 1002 1003 1004* 1005 1006 1007 1008* 1009 1010 1011 1012* 1013 1014 1015 1016* 1017 1018 1019 1020* 1021 1022 1023 1024* 1025 1026 1027 1028* 1029 1030 1031 1032* 1033 1034 1035 1036* 1037 1038 1039 1040* 1041 1042 1043

23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

1044* 1045 1046 1047 1048* 1049 1050 1051 1052* 1053 1054 1055 1056* 1057 1058 1059 1060* 1061 1062 1063 1064* 1065 1066 1067 1068* 1069 1070 1071 1072* 1073 1074 1075 1076* 1077 1078 1079 1080* 1081 1082 1083 1084* 1085 1086 1087 1088* 1089 1090 1091 1092* 1093 1094 1095

10 Ma 10 Ma 10 Ma 10 Ma 9 Ma 9 Ma 9 Ma 9 Ma 8 Ma 8 Ma 8 Ma 8 Ma 7 Ma 7 Ma 7 Ma 7 Ma 6 Ma 6 Ma 6 Ma 6 Ma 5 Ma 5 Ma 5 Ma 5 Ma 4 Ma 4 Ma 4 Ma 4 Ma 3 Ma 1 Ma 3 Ma 3 Ma 2 Ma 2 Ma 2 Ma 2 Ma 1 Ma 1 Ma 1 Ma 1 Ma 2 9 Feb 28 Feb 28 Feb 28 Feb 28 Feb 2" Feb V Feb V Feb V Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb

1103

W e s t e r n Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of N e w Y e a r 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498 1499 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 1508 1509 1510 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1520 1521 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528 1529 1530 1531 1532 1533 1534 1535 1536

1096* 1097 1098 1099 1100* 1101 1102 1103 1104* 1105 1106 1107 1108* 1109 1110 1111 1112* 1113 1114 1115 1116* 1117 1118 1119 1120* 1121 1122 1123 1124* 1125 1126 1127 1128* 1129 1130 1131 1132* 1133 1134 1135 1136* 1137 1138 1139 1140* 1141 1142 1143 1144* 1145 1146 1147

2 6 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 24 Feb 24 Feb 24 Feb 24 Feb 23 Feb 23 Feb 23 Feb 23 Feb 22 Feb 22 Feb 22 Feb 22 Feb 21 Feb 21 Feb 21 Feb 21 Feb 20 Feb 20 Feb 20 Feb 20 Feb 19 Feb 19 Feb 19 Feb 19 Feb 18 Feb 18 Feb 18 Feb 18 Feb 17 Feb 17 Feb 17 Feb 17 Feb 16 Feb 16 Feb 16 Feb 16 Feb 15 Feb 15 Feb 15 Feb 15 Feb 14 Feb 14 Feb 14 Feb 14 Feb 13 Feb 13 Feb 13 Feb

1041ZOROASTERIAN

CALENDAR

Zoroasterian

Western Date (Julian)

Zoroasterian

Western Date (Julian)

Year

of New Year

Zoroasterian

Western Date (Julian)

Year

of New Year

Zoroasterian

Western Date (Julian)

Year

of New Year

Year

of N e w Year

1537 1538 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543 1544 1545 1546 1547 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 1554 1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 1560 1561 1562 1563 1564 1565 1566 1567 1568 1569 1570 1571 1572 1573 1574 1575 1576 1577 1578 1579 1580 1581 1582 1583 1584 1585 1586 1587 1588

1148* 1149 1150 1151 1152* 1153 1154 1155 1156* 1157 1158 1159 1160* 1161 1162 1163 1164» 1165 1166 1167 1168* 1169 1170 1171 1172* 1P3 1174 1175 1176* 1177 1178 1179 1180* 1181 1182 1183 1184* 1185 1186 1187 1188* 1189 1190 1191 1192* 1193 1194 1195 1196* 1197 1198 1199

13 Feb 12 Feb 12 Feb 12 Feb 12 Feb 11 Feb 11 Feb 11 Feb 11 Feb 10 Feb 10 Feb 10 Feb 10 Feb 9 Feb 9 Feb 9 Feb 9 Feb 8 Feb 8 Feb 8 Feb 8 Feb 7 Feb 7 Feb 7 Feb 7 Feb 6 Feb 6 Feb 6 Feb 6 Feb 5 Feb 5 Feb 5 Feb 5 Feb 4 Feb 4 Feb 4 Feb 4 Feb 3 Feb 3 Feb 3 Feb 3 Feb 2 Feb 2 Feb 2 Feb 2 Feb 1 Feb 1 Feb 1 Feb 1 Feb 31 J a n 31 J a n 31 J a n

1589 1590 1591 1592 1593 1594 1595 1596 1597 1598 1599 1600 1601 1602 1603 1604 1605 1606 1607 1608 1609 1610 1611 1612 1613 1614 1615 1616 1617 1618 1619 1620 1621 1622 1623 1624 1625 1626 1627 1628 1629 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 1640

1200* 1201 1202 1203 1204* 1205 1206 1207 1208* 1209 1210 1211 1212* 1213 1214 1215 1216* 1217 1218 1219 1220* 1221 1222 1223 1224* 1225 1226 1227 1228* 1229 1230 1231 1232* 1233 1234 1235 1236* 1237 1238 1239 1240* 1241 1242 1243 1244* 1245 1246 1247 1248* 1249 1250 1251

31 Jan 30 J a n 30 Jan 30 J a n 30 J a n 29 J a n 29 Jan 29 J a n 2 9 lan 28 J a n 2 8 Jan 28 J a n 28 Jan 27 J a n 27 Jan 27 Jan 27 "fan 2 6 Jan 26 J a n 26 J a n 26 Jan 25 Jan 25 Jan 25 J a n 25 Jan 24 Jan 24 Jan 24 Jan 24 J a n 23 J a n 23 J a n 23 J a n 23 J a n 22 Jan 22 Jan 22 Jan 22 J a n 21 Jan 21-Jan 21 Jan 21 Jan 2 0 Jan 20 J a n 20 J a n 20 J a n 19 J a n 19 J a n 19 J a n 19 J a n 18 J a n 18 J a n 18 J a n

1641 1642 16-13 1644 1645 1646 1647 1648 1649 1650 1651 1652 1653 1654 1655 1656 1657 1658 1659 1660 1661 1662 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 1670 1671 1672 1673 1674 1675 1676 1677 1678 1679 1680 1681 1682 1683 1684 1685 1686 1687 1688 1689 1690 1691 1692

1252* 1253 1254 1255 1256* 1257 1258 1259 1260* 1261 1262 1263 1264* 1265 1266 1267 1268* 1269 1270 1271 1272* 1273 1274 1275 1276* 1277 1278 1279 1280* 1281 1282 1283 1284* 1285 1286 1287 1288* 1289 1290 1291 1292* 1293 1294 1295 1296* 1297 1298 1299 1300* 1301 1302 1303

18 Jan 17 J a n 17 Jan 17 J a n 17 J a n 16 J a n 16 J a n 16 J a n 16 J a n 15 J a n 15 J a n 15 Jan 15 J a n 14 J a n 14 Jan 14 Jan 14 Jan 13 Jan 13 J a n 13 J a n 13 J a n 12 Jan 12 Jan 12 J a n 12 J a n 11 J a n 11 J a n 11 Jan 11 J a n 10 Jan 10 Jan 10 Jan 10 Jan 9 Jan 9 Jan 9 Jan 9 Jan 8 Jan 8 Jan 8 Jan 8 Jan 7 Jan 7 Jan 7 Jan 7 Jan 6 Jan 6 Jan 6 Jan 6 Jan 5 Jan 5 Jan 5 Jan

1693 1694 1695 1696 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701 1702 1703 1704 1705 1706 1707 1708 1709 1710 1711 1712 1713 1714 1715 1716 1717 1718 1719 1720 1721 1722 1723 1724 1725 1726 1727 1728 1729 1730 1731 1732 1733 1734 1735 1736 1737 1738 1739 1740 1741 1742 1743 1744

1304* ' 5 J a n 1305 4 Jan 1306 4 Jan 1307 4 Jan 1308* 4 J a n 1309 3 Jan 1310 3 Jan 1311 3 Jan 1312* 3 Jan 2 Jan 1313 1314 2 Jan 1315 2 Jan 1316* 2 J a n 1317 1 Jan 1318 1 Jan 1 Jan 1319 1320* 1 Jan 1321 31 Dec 1321 31 Dec 1322 31 Dec 1323 31 Dec 1 3 2 4 * 3 0 Dec 1325 30 Dec 1326 30 Dec 1327 30 Dec 1328* 2 9 Dec 1329 29 Dec 1330 29 Dec 1331 2 9 Dec 1332* 2 8 Dec 1333 28 Dec 1334 28 Dec 1335 28 Dec 1 3 3 6 * 27 Dec 1337 27 Dec 1338 27 Dec 1339 27 Dec 1340* 26 Dec 1341 26 Dec 1342 26 Dec 1343 26 Dec 1344* 25 Dec 1345 25 Dec 1346 25 Dec 1347 25 Dec 1348* 2 4 Dec 1349 24 Dec 1350 24 Dec 1351 24 Dec 1352* 23 Dec 1353 23 Dec 1354 23 Dec

ZOROASTER!AN Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) of New Year Year

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

1745 1746 1747 1748 1749 1750 1751 1752 1753 1754 1755 1756 1757 1758 1759 1760 1761 1762 1763 1764 1765 1766 1767 1768 1769 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1784 1785 1786 1787 1788 1789 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796

1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848

1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900

1355 1356* 1357 1358 1359 1360* 1361 1362 1363 1364* 1365 1366 1367 1368* 1369 1370 1371 1372* 1373 1374 1375 1376* 1377 1378 1379 1380* 1381 1382 1383 1384* 1385 1386 1387 1388* 1389 1390 1391 1392* 1393 1394 1395 1396* 1397 1398 1399 1400* 1401 1402 1403 1404* 1405 1406

23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10

Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec

1407 1408* 1409 1410 1411 1412* 1413 1414 1415 1416* 1417 1418 1419 1420* 1421 1422 1423 1424* 1425 1426 1427 1428* 1429 1430 1431 1432* 1433 1434 1435 1436* 1437 1438 1439 1440* 1441 1442 1443 1444* 1445 1446 1447 1448* 1449 1450 1451 1452* 1453 1454 1455 1456* 1457 1458

10 Dec 9 Dec 9 Dec 9 Dec 9 Dec 8 Dec 8 Dec 8 Dec 8 Dec 7 Dec 7 Dec 7 Dec 7 Dec 6 Dec 6 Dec 6 Dec 6 Dec 5 Dec 5 Dec 5 Dec 5 Dec 4 Dec 4 Dec 4 Dec 4 Dec 3 Dec 3 Dec 3 Dec 3 Dec 2 Dec 2 Dec 2 Dec 2 Dec 1 Dec 1 Dec 1 Dec 1 Dec 30 Nov 30 Nov 30 Nov 30 Nov 29 Nov 29 Nov 29 Nov 29 Nov 28 Nov 28 Nov 28 Nov 28 Nov 27 Nov 27 Nov 27 Nov

1459 1460* 1461 1462 1463 1464* 1465 1466 1467 1468* 1469 1470 1471 1472* 1473 1474 1475 1476* 1477 1478 1479 1480* 1481 1482 1483 1484* 1485 1486 1487 1488* 1489 1490 1491 1492* 1493 1494 1495 1496* 1497 1498 1499 1500* 1501 1502 1503 1504* 1505 1506 1507 1508* 1509 1510

27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14

Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov

CALENDAR

1105

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952

1511 1512* 1513 1514 1515 1516* 1517 1518 1519 1520* 1521 1522 1523 1524* 1525 1526 1527 1528* 1529 1530 1531 1532* 1533 1534 1535 1536* 1537 1538 1539 1540* 1541 1542 1543 1544* 1545 1546 1547 1548* 1549 1550 1551 1552* 1553 1554 1555 1556* 1557 1558 1559 1560* 1561 1562

14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1

Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov

1061ZOROASTERIAN

CALENDAR

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Zoroasterian

(Julian)

Zoroasterian

(Julian)

Zoroasterian

(Julian)

Zoroasterian

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

1953 1954 1955 1956 1957

1563 1564* 1565 1566 1567

1 31 31 31 31

Nov Oct Oct Oct Oct

1958 1959 1960 1961 1962

1568* 1569 1570 1571 1572*

30 30 30 30 29

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year

1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

(Gregorian)

of New Year

1582 1583 1584* 1585 1586 1587 1588* 1589 1590 1591 1592* 1593 1594 1595 1596* 1597 1598 1599 1600* 1601 1602 1603 1604* 1605 1606 1607 1608* 1609 1610 1611 1612* 1613 1614 1615 1616* 1617 1618 1619 1620* 1621 1622

27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov 1 Nov 1 Nov 1 Nov 1 Nov 31 Oct 31 Oct 31 Oct 31 Oct 30 Oct 30 Oct 30 Oct 30 Oct 29 Oct 29 Oct 29 Oct 29 Oct 28 Oct 28 Oct 28 Oct 28 Oct 27 Oct 27 Oct 27 Oct 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2

1963 1964 1965 1966 1967

1573 1574 1575 1576* 1577

29 29 29 28 28

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

1968 1969 1970 1971

Year

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 2048 2049 2050 2051 2052 2053

(Gregorian)

of New Year

1623 1624* 1625 1626 1627 1628* 1629 1630 1631 1632* 1633 1634 1635 1636* 1637 1638 1639 1640* 1641 1642 1643 1644* 1645 1646 1647 1648* 1649 1650 1651 1652* 1653 1654 1655 1656* 1657 1658 1659 1660* 1661 1662 1663

17 Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct 7 Oct 7 Oct

16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7

27 Oct 26 Oct 26 Oct 26 Oct 26 Oct 25 Oct 25 Oct 25 Oct 25 Oct 24 Oct 24 Oct 24 Oct 24 Oct 23 Oct 23 Oct 23 Oct 23 Oct 22 Oct 22 Oct 22 Oct 22 Oct 21 Oct 21 Oct 21 Oct 21 Oct 20 Oct 20 Oct 20 Oct 20 Oct 19 Oct 19 Oct 19 Oct 19 Oct 18 Oct 18 Oct 18 Oct 18 Oct 17 Oct 17 Oct 17 Oct 17 Oct

1578 1579 1580* 1581

28 28 27 27

Oct Oct Oct Oct

Western Date

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian)

(Julian)

of New Year

Zoroasterian (Julian) Year

2054 2055 2056 2057 2058 2059 2060 2061 2062 2063 2064 2065 2066 2067 2068 2069 2070 2071 2072 2073 2074 2075 2076 2077 2078 2079 2080 2081 2082 2083 2084 2085 2086 2087 2088 2089 2090 2091 2092 2093 2094

(Gregorian)

of New Year

1664* 1665 1666 1667 1668* 1669 1670 1671 1672* 1673 1674 1675 1676* 1677 1678 1679 1680* 1681 1682 1683 1684* 1685 1686 1687 1688* 1689 1690 1691 1692* 1693 1694 1695 1696* 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701 1702 1703 1704*

6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct 2 Oct 2 Oct 2 Oct 1 Oct 1 Oct 1 Oct 1 Oct 30 Sep 30 Sep 30 Sep 30 Sep 29 Sep 29 Sep 29 Sep 29 Sep 28 Sep 28 Sep 28 Sep 28 Sep 27 Sep 27 Sep 27 Sep 27 Sep 26 Sep

16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

ZOROASTERIAN CALENDAR Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) (Gregorian) Year of New Year 2095 2096 2097 2098 2099 2100 2101 2102 2103 2104 2105 2106 2107 2108 2109 2110

1705 1706 1707 1708* 1709 1710 1711 1712* 1713 1714 1715 1716* 1717 1718 1719 1720*

26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 2142 1243 2144 2145 2146 2147 2148 2149 2150 2151 2152 2153 2154 2155 2156 2157 2158 2159 2160 2161 2162 2163 2164 2165 2166 2167

1752* 1753 1754 1755 1756* 1757 1758 1759 1760* 1761 1762 1763 1764* 1765 1766 1767 1768* 1769 1770 1771 1772* 1773 1774 1775 1776* 1777

25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) (Gregorian) Year of New Year 2111 2112 2113 2114 2115 2116 2117 2118 2119 2120 2121 2122 2123 2124 2125 2126

1721 1722 1723 1724* 1725 1726 1727 1728* 1729 1730 H31 1732* 1733 1734 1735 1736*

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 2168 2169 2170 2171 2172 2173 2174 2175 2176 2177 2178 2179 2180 2181 2182 2183 2184 2185 2186 2187 2188 2189 2190 2191 2192 2193

1778 1779 1780* 1781 1782 1783 1784* 1785 1786 1787 1788* 1789 1790 1791 1792* 1793 1794 1795 1796* 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803

19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

3 Oct 3 Oct 3 Oct 2 Oct 2 Oct 2 Oct 2 Oct 1 Oct 1 Oct 1 Oct 1 Oct 30 Sep 30 Sep 30 Sep 50 Sep 29 Sep

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) (Gregorian) Year of New Year 2127 2128 2129 2130 2131 2132 2133 2134 2135 2136 2137 2138 2139 2140 2141

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Y'ear of New Year 2194 2195 2196 2197 2198 2199 2200 2201 2202 2203 2204 2205 2206 2207 2208 2209 2210 2211 2212 2213 2214 2215 2216 2217 2218 2219

1804* 1805 1806 1807 1808* 1809 1810 1811 1812* 1813 1814 1815 1816* 1817 1818 1819 1820* 1821 1822 1823 1824* 1825 1826 1827 1828* 1829

1101

13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

1737 1738 1739 1740* 1741 1742 1743 1744* 1745 1746 1747 1748* 1749 1750 1751

18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year 2220 2221 2222 2223 2224 2225 2226 2227 2228 2229 2230 2231 2232 2233 2234 2235 2236 2237 2238 2239 2240 2241 2242 2243 2244 2245

1830 1831 1832* 1833 1834 1835 1836* 1837 1838 1839 1840* 1841 1842 1843 1844* 1845 1846 1847 1848* 1849 1850 1851 1852* 1853 1854 1855

7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

108 / ZOROASTERIAN

CALENDAR

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of Ne vv Year

2246 2247 2248 2249 2250 2251 2252 2253 2254 2255 2256 2257 2258 2259 2260 2261 2262 2263 2264 2265 2266 2267 2268 2269 2270 2271 2272 2273 2274 2275 2276 2277 2278 2279 2280 2281 2282

2283 2284 2285 2286 2287 2288 2289 2290 2291 2292 2293 2294 2295 2296 229? 2298 2299 2300 2301 2302 2303 2304 2305 2306 2307 2308 2309 2310 2311 2312 2313 2314 2315 2316 2317 2318 2319

1856* 1857 1858 1859 1860* 1861 1862 1863 1864* 1865 1866 1867 1868* 1869 1870 1871 1872* 1873 1874 1875 1876* 1877 1878 1879 1880* 1881 1882 1883 1884* 1885 1886 1887 1888* 1889 1890 1891 1892*

31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

1893 1894 1895 1896* 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904* 1905 1906 1907 1908* 1909 1910 1911 1912* 1913 1914 1915 1916* 19H 1918 1919 1920* 1921 1922 1923 1924* 1925 1926 192 7 1928* 1929

22 22 22 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

Western Date Zoroasterian (Julian) Year of New Year

2320 2321 2322 2323 2321 2325 2326 2327 2328 2329 2330 2331 2332 2333 2334 2335 2336 2337 2338 2339 2340 2341 2342 2343 2344 2345 2346 2347 2348 2349 2350 235 1 2352 2353 2354 2355 2356

2357 2358 2359 2360 2361 2362 2363 2364 2365 2366 2367 2368 2369 2370 2371 2372 2373 2374 2375 2376 2377 2378 2379 2380 2381 2382 2383 2384 2385 2386 2387 2388 2389 2390

1930 1931 1932* 1933 1934 1935 1936* 1937 1938 1939 1940* 1941 1942 1943 1944* 1945 1946 1947 1948* 1949 1950 1951 1952* 1953 1954 1955 1956* 1957 1958 1959 1960* 1961 1962 1963 1964* 1965 1966

14 14 13 13 13 1.3 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

1967 1968* 1969 1970 1971 1972* 1973 1974 1975 1976* 1977 1978 1979 1980* 1981 1982 1983 1984* 1985 1986 1987 1988* 1989 1990 1991 1992* 1993 1994 1995 1996* 1997 1998 1999 2000*

5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul

YEZDEZRED AND JELALI CALENDARS In the times o f the ancient Persian K i n g s , as w i t h so m a n y eastern k i n g d o m s , a new epoch was b e g u n w i t h the ascension of the k i n g to the throne. T h e day of that ascension was considered day one o f year one; and t h e N e w Y e a r day falling o n t h e anniversary. W h e n Yezdezred m o u n t e d t h e throne on J u n e 1 6 , 6 3 2 A . D . , a new epoch began. H e was t o be the last hereditary Persian K i n g f o r m a n y centuries. A t t h e t i m e , m o s t of the Persians were Zoroastrians and

used the Zoroastrian calendar. It was noted that t h e Z o r o a s t r i a n calendar was o n l y f i v e days (although over 9 0 0 years) i n disagreement w i t h the Zezdezred calendar. Because the date of the N e w Y e a r was so close i n both calendars and each used a year of 3 6 5 days (and, consequently lost a day every 4 years) m o s t o f the Persian Zoroastrians and later some o f the Zoroastrians of India, accepted the Yezdezred calendar. The remainder of the sect did not.

YEZDEZRED CALENDAR 1109 N e a r l y 1 , 1 0 0 years later, in 1 7 2 0 A . D . , a learned Z o r o a s t r i a n priest f r o m Persia w e n t to Surat i n W e s t e r n I n d i a to i n s t r u c t t h e Z o r o a s t r i a n s t h e r e . H e n o t e d t h a t d u e t o precision a n d v a r y i n g c a l e n d a r calculations, t h e r e was a m o n t h difference b e t w e e n t h e Yezdezred calendar in use in Persia, a n d t h a t used in S u r a t . H e m a d e a n o t a t i o n of t h e fact b u t p a i d n o f u r t h e r a t t e n t i o n . In 1 7 4 4 A . D . a n o t h e r I n d i a n priest in Surat established a sect w h i c h he called " K u d m i " Z o r o a s t r i a n s , after t h e K u d m i or Y e z d e z r e d cale n d a r w h i c h they a c c e p t e d . T h e o t h e r Z o r o a s t r i ans in t h e area b e c a m e k n o w n as " S h e n s o y " a n d c o n t i n u e d to use t h e calendar w h i c h was a m o n t h b e h i n d t h e " K u d m i " calendar. O t h e r t h a n this, t h e r e is n o d i f f e r e n c e in t h e t w o sects. T h e a r r a n g e m e n t of t h e year r e m a i n e d as 12 m o n t h s of 3 0 days each w i t h 5 gatba days at t h e e n d of t h e year, a n d t h e local m o n t h n a m e s c o n t i n u e d t o be u s e d . In Persia, for t a x r e v e n u e p u r p o s e s o n l y , an intercalory m o n t h w a s a d d e d t o t h e tax calendar every 1 2 0 years. T h a t , for tax p u r p o s e s , b r o u g h t

t h e calendar in line w i t h solar m o t i o n , b u t it d i d not affect t h e everyday or religious calendar in any w a y . A r o u n d 1077 A . D . Sultan Jelaledin Malik Shah b i n A l k h A s h l a n S u l j o o k e e of Persia r e f o r m e d t h e Y e z d e z r e d c a l e n d a r in order to m a k e it conform w i t h solar m o t i o n . A c o m m i t t e e of astroler/ a s t r o n o m e r s , led by O m a r K h a y y a m , created a calendar s e t t i n g t h e n e w year at t h e vernal e q u i nox. Like t h e Y e z d e z r e d calendar it c o n t a i n e d 12 m o n t h s , c o n s i s t i n g of 3 0 days each, w i t h five days a d d e d to t h e e n d of t h e year. B u t , every f o u r t h year a n o t h e r d a y was a d d e d to b r i n g t h e calendar in line w i t h solar m o t i o n . T h i s n e w calendar was called t h e Jelali, after t h e S u l t a n . T h e c o m m i t t e e of astrologers s u g g e s t e d t h a t it r u n c o n c u r r e n t l y w i t h t h e Y e z d e z r e d , called t h e " K u d m i . " T h e s i m u l t a n e o u s use of t h e calendars occurred on February 25 in the Yezdezred calendar a n d M a r c h 17 in t h e J e l a l i , a difference of 2 0 days. T h a t d i f f e r e n c e increased by o n e d a y every four years. T h e J e l a l i c a l e n d a r finally fell i n t o disuse, except a m o n g a few isolated p e o p l e s .

YEZDEZRED CALENDAR Yezdezred Year 1

2 3 4 5 6

21

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

632* 633 634 635 636* 637 CO

20

16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11

SO

7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

639 640* 641 642 643 644* 645 646 647 648* 649 650 651 652*

Yezdezred Year 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

Western Date of New Year (Julian) 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

653 654 655 656* 657 658 659 660* 661 662 663 664* 665 666 667 668* 669 670 671 672* 673

Yezdezred Year 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63

Western Date of New Year (Julian) 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1

Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun Jun

674 675 676* 677 678 679 680* 681 682 683 684* 685 686 687 688* 689 690 691 692* 693 694

Yezdezred Year 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

1 Jun 31 May 31 May 31 May 31 May 30 May 30 May 30 May 30 May 29 May 29 May 29 May 29 May 28 May 28 May 28 May 28 May 27 May 27 May 27 May 27 May

695 696* 697 698 699 700* 701 702 703 704* 705 706 707 708* 709 710 711 712* 713 714 715

1 IO I Y E Z D E Z R E D C A L E N D A R Western Date Yezdezred of New Year (Julian) Year 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135

26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14

May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May

716* 717 718 719 720* 721 722 723 724* 725 726 727 728* 729 730 731 732* 733 734 735 736* 737 738 739 740* 741 742 743 744* 745 746 747 748* 749 750 751 752* 753 754 755 756* 757 758 759 760* 761 762 763 764* 765 766

Western Date Yezdezred of New Year (Julian) Year 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186

14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1

May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May

767 768* 769 770 771 772* 773 774 775 776* 777 778 779 780* 781 782 783 784* 785 786 787 788* 789 790 791 792* 793 794 795 796* 797 798 799 800* 801 802 803 804* 805 806 807 808* 809 810 811 812* 813 814 815 816* 817

Western Date Yezdezred of New Year Year (Julian) 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237

1 1 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18

May May Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr

818 819 820* 821 822 823 824* 825 826 827 828* 829 830 831 832* 833 834 835 836* 837 838 839 840* 841 842 843 844* 845 846 847 848* 849 850 851 852* 853 854 855 856* 857 858 859 860* 861 862 863 864* 865 866 867 868*

Western Date Yezdezred of New Year Year (Julian) 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288

18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6

Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr

869 870 871 872* 873 874 875 876* 877 878 879 880* 881 882 883 884* 885 886 887 888* 889 890 891 892* 893 894 895 896* 897 898 899 900* 901 902 903 904* 905 906 907 908* 909 910 911 912* 913 914 915 916* 917 918 919

YEZDEZRED CALENDAR I 111 Yezdezred Year 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339

Western Date of N e w Year (Julian)

5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24

Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

920* 921 922 923 924* 925 926 927 928* 929 930 931 932* 933 934 935 936* 937 938 939 940* 941 942 943 944* 945 946 947 948* 949 950 951 952* 953 954 955 956* 957 958 959 960* 961 962 963 964* 965 966 967 968* 969 970

Yezdezred Year 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390

Western Date of N e w Year (Julian)

24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

971 972* 973 974 975 976* 977 978 979

980* 981 982 983 984* 985 986 987 988* 989 990 991 992* 993 994 995 996* 997 998 999 1000* 1001 1002 1003 1004* 1005 1006 1007 1008* 1009 1010 1011 1012* 1013 1014 1015 1016* 1017 1018 1019 1020* 1021

Yezdezred Year 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441

11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27

W e s t e r n Date of N e w Year (Julian) Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

27 Feb

1022 1023 1024* 1025 1026 1027 1028* 1029 1030 1031 1032* 1033 1034 1035 1036* 1037 1038 1039 1040* 1041 1042 1043 1044* 1045 1046 1047 1048* 1049 1050 1051 1052* 1053 1054 1055 1056* 1057 1058 1059 1060* 1061 1062 1063 1064* 1065 1066 1067 1068* 1069 1070 1071 1072*

Yezdezred Year 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492

26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18

Western Date of N e w Year (Julian) Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

17 Feb 17 Feb 17 Feb

17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

1073 1074 1075 1076* 1077 1078 1079 1080* 1081 1082 1083 1084* 1085 1086 1087 1088* 1089 1090 1091 1092* 1093 1094 1095 1096* 1097 1098 1099 1100* 1101 1102 1103 1104* 1105 1106 1107 1108* 1109 1110 1111 1112* 1113 1114 1115 1116* 1117 1118 1119 1120* 1121 1122 1123

iDate Year an) 1124* 1125 1126

1127 1128*

1129 1130 1131 1132* 1133 1134 1135 1136* 1137 1138 1139 1140* 1141 1142 1143 1144* 1145 1146 1147 1148* 1149 1150 1151 1152* 1153 1154 1155 1156* 1157 1158 1159 1160* 1161 1162

1163 1164* 1165 1166

1167 1168*

1169 1170 1171 1172* 1173 1174

Western Date Yezdezred of New Year (Julian) Year 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594

1 Feb 1 Feb 31 Jan 31 Feb 31 Feb 31 Jan 30 Jan 30 Jan 30 Jan 30 jan 29 Jan 29 Jan 29 Jan 29 Jan 28 Jan 28 Jan 28 Jan 28 jan 27 Jan 27 Jan 27 Jan 27 Jan 26 Jan 26 Jan 26 Jan 26 Jan 25 Jan 25 Jan 25 Jan 25 Jan 24 Jan 24 Jan 24 Jan 24 Jan 23 Jan 23 Jan 23 Jan 23 Jan 22 Jan 22 Jan 22 jan 22 Jan 21 Jan 21 Jan 21 Jan 21 Jan 20 Jan 20 Jan 20 Jan 20 Jan 19 Jan

1175 1176* 1177 1178 1179 1180* 1181 1182 1183 1184* 1185 1186 1187 1188* 1189 1190 1191 1192* 1193 1194 1195 1196* 1197 1198 1199 1200* 1201 1202 1203 1204* 1205 1206 1207 1208* 1209 1210 1211 1212* 1213 1214 1215 1216* 1217 1218 1219 1220* 1221 1222 1223 1224* 1225

Western Date Yezdezred of New Year Year (Julian) 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645

19 Jan 19 Jan 19 Jan 18 Jan 18 Jan 18 Jan 18 Jan 17 Jan 17 Jan 17 Jan 17 Jan 16 Jan 16 Jan 16 Jan 16 Jan 15 jan 15 Jan 15 Jan 15 Jan 14 Jan 14 Jan 14 Jan 14 Jan 13 Jan 13 Jan 13 Jan 13 Jan 12 Jan 12 Jan 12 jan 12 jan 11 Jan 1! jan 11 Jan 11 Jan 10 jan 10 jan 10 jan 10 jan 9 Jan 9 Jan 9 Jan 9 Jan 8 Jan 8 Jan 8 Jan 8 Jan 7 Jan 7 Jan 7 Jan 7 Jan

1226 1227 1228* 1229 1230 1231 1232* 1233 1234 1235 1236* 1237 1238 1239 1240* 1241 1242 1243 1244* 1245 1246 1247 1248* 1249 1250 1251 1252* 1253 1254 1255 1256* 1257 1258 1259 1260* 1261 1262 1263 1264* 1265 1266 1267 1268* 1269 1270 1271 1272* 1273 1274 1275 1276*

Western Date Yezdezred of New Year Year (Julian) 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696

6 Jan 6 Jan 6 Jan 6 jan 5 Jan 5 Jan 5 Jan 5 Jan 4 Jan 4 Jan 4 Jan 4 Jan 3 Jan 3 Jan 3 Jan 3 Jan 2 jan 2 Jan 2 Jan 2 jan 1 jan 1 jan 1 Jan 1 jan 31 Dec 31 Dec 31 Dec 31 Dec 30 Dec 30 Dec 30 Dec 30 Dec 29 Dec 29 Dec 29 Dec 29 Dec 28 Dec 28 Dec 28 Dec 28 Dec 27 Dec 27 Dec 27 Dec 27 Dec 26 Dec 26 Dec 26 Dec 26 Dec 25 Dec 25 Dec 25 Dec

1277 1278 1279 1280* 1281 1282 1283 1284* 1285 1286 1287 1288* 1289 1290 1291 1292* 1293 1294 1295 1296* 1297 1298 1299 1300* 1300* 1301 1302 1303 1304* 1305 1306 1307 1308* 1309 1310 1311 1312* 1313 1314 1315 1316* 1317 1318 1319 1320* 1321 1322 1323 1324* 1325 1326

YEZDEZRED CALENDAR 1115 fezdezred Year 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747

Western Date of New Year (Julian) 25 24 24 24 24

Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec

23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20

Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec

19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14

Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec

13 13 13 13 12 12

Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec

1327 1328* 1329 1330 1331 1332* 1333 1334 1335 1336* 1337 1338 1339 1340* 1341 1342 1343 1344* 1345 1346 1347 1348* 1349 1350 1351 1352* 1353 1354 1355 1356* 1357 1358 1359 1360* 1361 1362 1363 1364* 1365 1366 1367 1368* 1369 1370 1371 1372* 1373 1374 1375 1376* 1377

Yezdezred Year 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 ) 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 I 30 30 30 30 29

Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov

1378 1379 1380* 1381 1382 1383 1384* 1385 1386 1387 1388* 1389 1390 1391 1392* 1393 1394 1395 1396* 1397 1398 1399 1400* 1401 1402 1403 1404* 1405 1406 1407 1408* 1409 1410 1411 1412* 1413 1414 1415 1416* HP 1418 1419 1420* 142! 1422 1423 1424* 1425 1426 1427 1428*

Western Date Yezdezred of New Year (Julian) Year 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849

29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27

Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov

26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17

Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov

1429 1430 1431 1432* 1433 1434 1435 1436* 1437 1438 1439 1440* 1441 1442 1443 1444* 1445 1446 1447 1448* 1449 1450 1451 1452* 1453 1454 1455 1456* 1457 1458 1459 1460* 1461 1462 1463 1464* 1465 1466 1467 1468* 1469 1470 1471 1472* 1473 1474 1475 1476* 1477 1478 1479

Yezdezrec Year 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900

Western Date of New Year (Julian) 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 9 9 9

Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov

9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4

Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov

1480* 1481 1482 1483 1484* 1485 1486 1487 1488* 1489 1490 1491 1492* 1493 1494 1495 1496* 1497 1498 1499 1500* 1501 1502 1503 1504* 1505 1506 1507 1508* 1509 1510 1511 1512* 1513 1514 1515 1516* 1517 1518 1519 1520* 1521 1522 1523 1524* 1525 1526 1527 1528* 1529 1530

1141 YEZDEZRED Yezdezred Year 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913

CALENDAR

Western Date of New Year (Julian) 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1

Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nov Nav Nov

1531 1532* 1533 1534 1535 1536* 1537 1538 1539 1540» 1541 1542 1543

Yezdezred Year 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926

Western Date of New Year (Julian) 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

Yezdezred Year

1544 1545 1546 1547 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 1554 1555 1556

927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

1557 1558 1559 1560* 1561 1562 1563 1564* 1565 1566 1567 1568* 1569

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

Yezdezred Year 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950

25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

1570 1571 1572* 1573 1574 1575 1576* 1577 1578 1579 1580«

Western Date Yezdezred of New Year Year (Gregorian) (Julian)

Western Date Yezdezred of New Y ;ar Year (Gregorian) (Julian)

Western Date Yezdezred of New Year Year (Gregorian) (Julian)

952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 897 898 899

900 901 902 903 904 905 906 90908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927

928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955

1 1 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25

Nov Nov Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 15 15

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

1582 1583 1584* 1585 1586 1587 1588* 1589 1590 1591 1592* 1593 1594 1595 1596* 1597 1598 1599 1600* 1601 1602 1603 1604* 1605 1606 1607 1608* 1609

25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9

9

9 9 8 8

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

1610 1611 1612* 1613 1614 1615 1616* 1617 1618 1619 1620* 1621 1622 1623 1624* 1625 1626 1627 1628* 1629 1630 1631 1632* 1633 1634 1635 1636* 1637

18 18 17 17 17 ]7 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1

Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct Oct

1638 1639 1640* 1641 1642 1643 1644* 1645 1646 1647 1648* 1649 1650 1651 1652* 1653 1654 1655 1656* 1657 1658 1659 1660* 1661 1662 1663 1664* 1665

YEZDEZRED CALENDAR I ¡15 Western Date

Western Date Yezdezred Year

Yezdezred

of New Year (Gregorian)

Year

(Julian)

Western Date

of New Year (Gregorian)

Yezdezred

(Julian)

Year

o f N e w Year (Gregorian)

(Julian)

956

11 O c t

1 Oct

1666

985

4 Oct

24 Sep

1695

1014

27 S e p

16 S e p

1724*

957 958

11 O c t

1 Oct

1667

986

3 Oct

2 3 Sep

1696*

1015 1016 1017

27 S e p

16 S e p

27 S e p

16 S e p

1725 1726

27 S e p

16 Sep

1727

1018

26 Sep

15 S e p

1728*

26 Sep

15 Sep

1729

2 6 Sep

15 Sep

1730 1731

10 O c t

30 Sep

1668»

987

3 Oct

2 3 Sep

1697

10 O c t

30 Sep

988

3 Oct

23 Sep

1698

10 O c t

30 Sep

10 O c t

30 S e p

989 990

3 Oct

961

1669 1670 1671

3 Oct

23 Sep 22 S e p

1699 1700*

962

9 Oct

29 Sep

1672*

3 Oct

2 2 Sep

1701

963 964

9 Oct

29 Sep

3 Oct

22 Sep

1702

1021

26 Sep

15 S e p

9 Oct

29 Sep

1673 1674

991 992

1019 1020

25 Sep

14 S e p

1732*

2 9 Sep

1675

1703 1704*

1022

9 Oct

3 Oct 2 Oct

22 Sep

965

993 994

1023

25 Sep

14 S e p

1733

966

8 Oct

28 Sep

1676*

995

2 Oct

21 Sep

1705

1024

25 Sep

14 S e p

1734

967

8 Oct

28 Sep

1677

996

2 Oct

21 Sep

1706

1025

25 Sep

14 Sep

1735

968

8 Oct

28 Sep

1678

997

2 Oct

2 1 Sep

1707

1026

24 Sep

13 S e p

1736*

969 970

8 Oct

28 Sep

1679

998

1 Oct

20 Sep

1708*

1027

24 Sep

13 S e p

1737

7 Oct

27 S e p

1680*

1 Oct

20 Sep

24 Sep

13 S e p

1738

7 Oct

27 Sep

1681

1 Oct

20 S e p

1709 1710

1028

971

999 1000

24 Sep

972

7 Oct

27 S e p

1682

1001

1 Oct

2 0 Sep

1711

23 Sep

13 S e p 12 S e p

1739 1740*

973 974

7 Oct

27 S e p

3 0 Sep

19 S e p

1712*

2 3 Sep

12 Sep

1741

26 Sep

1683 1684*

1002

6 Oct

1003

30 S e p

19 Sep

2 3 Sep

12 S e p

1742

975

6 Oct

2 6 Sep

1685

1004

30 S e p

19 S e p

1713 1714

1029 1030 1031 1032

1743

6 Oct

26 Sep

1686

1005

30 S e p

1744*

6 Oct

2 6 Sep

1687

1006

29 Sep

1715 1716*

11 S e p

977

19 S e p 18 Sep

23 Sep 22 Sep

12 S e p

976

1033 1034 1035

22 S e p

11 S e p

1745

978

5 Oct

25 Sep

1688*

1007

29 S e p

18 Sep

1717

1036

22 Sep

11 S e p

1746 1747

959 960

979

5 Oct

2 5 Sep

980

5 Oct

25 Sep

1689 1690

981

5 Oct

25 Sep

982

4 Oct

983 984

4 Oct 4 Oct

24 S e p

21 Sep

1008

2 9 Sep

18 S e p

1718

1037

22 Sep

11 S e p

29 S e p

18 Sep

1719

1038

21 Sep

10 S e p

1748*

1691

1009 1010

28 Sep

17 S e p

1720*

21 Sep

10 Sep

1749

24 Sep

1692*

1011

28 Sep

17 S e p

1721

1039 1040

21 S e p

10 Sep

1750

24 Sep

1693 1694

1012

28 Sep

17 S e p

1722

1041

2 1 Sep

10 S e p

1751

1013

28 Sep

17 S e p

1723

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Yezdezred

o f N e w Year

Yezdezred

o f N e w Year

Yezdezred

o f N e w Year

Yezdezred

o f N e w Year

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

1042

20 S e p

1752*

1056

17 S e p

1766

1070

1084

10 S e p

1794

2 0 Sep

1057

17 Sep

1767

1071

1781

1085

10 S e p

1795

20 Sep

1753 1754

13 Sep 13 S e p

1780*

1043 1044

1058

16 S e p

1768*

1072

13 Sep

1782

1086

9 Sep

1796*

1045

20 Sep

1755

16 S e p

1769

1073

1797

1756*

16 S e p

1770

1074

1783 1784*

9 Sep

19 S e p

13 S e p 12 S e p

1087

1046 1047

1059 1060

1088

9 Sep

1798

19 S e p

1757

1061

16 S e p

1771

1075

12 S e p

1785

9 Sep

1048

19 S e p

1758

1062

15 S e p

1772*

1076

12 S e p

1786

1089 1090

1799 1800

1049

1759 1760*

1063 1064

15 S e p 15 S e p

1773 1774

1077 1078

12 S e p

1787

1801

11 S e p

1788*

1091 1092

9 Sep

1050

19 S e p 18 S e p

9 Sep

1802

9 Sep 8 Sep

1803 1804*

9 Sep

1051

18 S e p

1761

1075

15 S e p

1775

1079

11 S e p

1789

1093

1052

18 Sep

1762

1066

14 S e p

1776*

1080

11 S e p

1790

1094

1053 1054

18 S e p

1763 1764*

1067

14 S e p

1777

1081

11 S e p

8 Sep

1805

1068

14 S e p

1778

1082

10 S e p

1791 1792*

1095

17 S e p

1096

8 Sep

1806

1055

17 S e p

1765

1069

14 Sep

1779

1083

10 S e p

1793

1097

8 Sep

1807

1161YEZDEZRED

CALENDAR

Yezdezred Year

1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146

of N e w Year (Julian)

7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

2 2 1 1 1 1 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

1808» 1809 1810 1811 1812* 1813 1814 1815 1816* 1817 1818 1819 1820* 1821 1822 1823 1824* 1825 1826 1827 1828* 1829 1830 1831 1832* 1833 1834 1835 1836* 1837 1838 1839 1840* 1841 1842 1843 1844* 1845 1846 1847 1848* 1849 1850 1851 1852* 1853 1854 1855 1856*

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date Yezdezred

of New Year

Yezdezred

Year

(Julian)

Year

1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195

26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 15 15

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

1857 1858 1859 1860* 1861 1862 1863 1864* 1865 1866 1867 1868* 1869 1870 1871 1872* 1873 1874 1875 1876* 1877 1878 1879 1880* 1881 1882 1883 1884* 1885 1886 1887 1888* 1889 1890 1891 1892* 1893 1894 1895 1896* 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904* 1905

1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244

of N e w Year (Julian)

5 5 4 4 4 4

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

1906 1907 1908* 1909 1910 1911 1912* 1913 1914 1915 1916* 1917 1918 1919 1920* 1921 1922 1923 ¡924* 1925 1926 1927 1928* 1929 1930 1931 1932* 1933 1934 1935 1936* 1937 1938 1939 1940* 1941 1942 1943 1944* 1945 1946 1947 1948* 1949 1950 1951 1952* 1953 1954

Western Date Yezdezred of N e w Year (Julian)

Year

1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293

3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul

1955 1956* 1957 1958 1959 1960* 1961 1962 1963 1964* 1965 1966 1967 1968* 1969 1970 1971 1972* 1973 1974 1975 1976* 1977 1978 1979 1980* 1981 1982 1983 1984* 1985 1986 1987 1988* 1989 1990 1991 1992* 1993 1994 1995 1996* 1997 1998 1999 1200* 1201 1202 1203

JELALI CALENDAR

elali

Western Date

Jelali

Western Date

Jelali

Western Date

Jelali

Western Date

("ear

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

1 2 3 4« 5 6 7 8* 9 10 11 12* 13 14 15 16* 17 18 19 20* 21 22 23 24* 25 26 27 28* 29 30 31 32* 33 34 35 36* 37 38 39 40* 41 42 43 44* 45 46 47 48»

1078 1079 1080* 1081 1082 1083 1084* 1085 1086 1087 1088* 1089 1090 1091 1092* 1093 1094 1095 1096* 1097 1098 1099 1100* 1101 1102 1103 1104* 1105 1106 1107 1108* 1109 1110 1111 1112* 1113 1114 1115 1116* 1117 1118 1119 1120* 1121 1122 1123 1124* 1125

17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar

49 50 51 52* 53 54 55 56* 57 58 59 60* 61 62 63 64* 65 66 67 68* 69 70 71 72* 73 74 75 76* 77 78 79 80* 81 82 83 84* 85 86 87 88* 89 90 91 92* 93 94 95 96*

1126 1127 1128* 1129 1130 1131 1132* 1133 1134 1135 1136* 1137 1138 1139 1140* 1141 1142 1143 1144* 1145 1146 1147 1148* 1149 1150 1151 1152* 1153 1154 1155 1156* 1157 1158 1159 1160* 1161 1162 1163 1164* 1165 1166 1167 1168* 1169 1170 1171 1172* 1173

17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 17 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar

97 98 99 100* 101 102 103 104* 105 106 107 108* 109 110 111 112* 113 114 115 116* 117 118 119 120* 121 122 123 124* 125 126 127 128* 129 130 131 132* 133 134 135 136* 137 138 L39 140* 141 142 143 144*

111

1174 1175 1176* 1177 1178 1179 1180* 1181 1182 1183 1184* 1185 1186 1187 1188* 1189 1190 1191 1192* 1193 1194 1195 1196* II97 1198 1199 1200* 1201 1202 1203 1204* 1205 1206 1207 1208* 1209 1210 1211 1212* 1213 1214 1215 1216* 1217 1218 1219 1220* 1221

16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 16 Mar 15 Mar

145 146 147 148* 149 150 151 152* 153 154 155 156* 157 158 159 160* 161 162 163 164* 165 166 167 168* 169 170 171 172* 173 174 175 176* 177 178 179 180* 181 182 183 184* 185 186 187 188* 189 190 191 192*

1222 1223 1224* 1225 1226 1227 1228* 1229 1230 1231 1232* 1233 1234 1235 1236* 1237 1238 1239 1240* 1241 1242 1243 1244* 1245 1246 1247 1248* 1249 1250 1251 1252* 1253 1254 1255 1256* 1257 1258 1259 1260* 1261 1262 1263 1264* 1265 1266 1267 1268* 1269

16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

1181JELAU

CALENDAR

Jelali Year

Western Dai. (Julian)

Jelali Year

W e s t e r n Date (Julian)

Jelali Year

Western Date (Julian)

Jelali Year

W e s t e r n Date (Julian)

193 194 195 196* 197 198 199 200* 201 202 203 204* 205 206 207 208* 209 210 211 212* 213 214 215 216* 217 218 219 220* 221 222 223 224* 225 226 227 228* 229 230 231 232* 233 234 235 236* 237 238 239 240* 241 242 243 244*

1270 1271

245 246 247 248* 249 250 251 252* 253 254 255 256* 257 258 259 260* 261 262 263 264* 265 266 267 268* 269 270 271 272* 273 274 275 276* 277 278 279 280* 281 282 283 284* 285 286 287 288* 289 290 291 292* 293 294 295 296*

1322 1323 1324* 1325 1326 132" 1328* 1329 1330 1331 1332* 1333 1334 1335 1336* 1337 1338 1339 1340* 1341 1342 1343 13^4* 1345 1346 1347 1348* 1349 1350 1351 1352* 1353 1354 1355 1356* 135' 1358 1359 1360* 1361 1362 1363 1364* 1365 1366 1361368* 1369 13 7 0 1371 1372* 1373

297 298 299 300* 301 302 303 304* 305 306 307 308* 309 310 311 312* 313 314 315 316* 317 318 319 320* 321 322 323 324* 325 326 327 328* 329 330 331 332* 333 334 335 336* 337 338 339 340* 341 342 343 344* 345 346 347 348*

1374 1375 1376* 1377 1378 1379 1380* 1381 1382 1383 1384* 1385 1386 1387 1388* 1389 1390 1391 1392* 1393 1394 1395 1396* 1397 1398 1399 1400* 1401 1402 1403 1404* 1405 1406 1407 1408* 1409 1410 1411 1412* 1413 1414 1415 1416* 1417 1418 1419 1420* 1421 1422 1423 1424* 1425

349 350 351 352* 353 354 355 356* 357 358 359 360* 361 362 363 364* 365 366 367 368* 369 370 371 372* 373 374 3/5 376* 377 378 379 380* 381 382 383 384* 385 386 387 388* 389 390 391 392* 393 394 395 396* 397 398 399 400*

1426 1427 1428* 1429 1430 1431 1432* 1433 1434 1435 1436* 1437 1438 1439 1440* 1441 1442 1443 1444* 1445 1446 1447 1448* 1449 1450 1451 1452* 1453 1454 1455 1456* 1457 1458 1459 1460* 1461 1462 1463 1464* 1465 1466 1467 1468* 1469 1470 14 7| 1472* 1473 1474 1475 1476* 1477

\m*

1273 1274 1275 1276* 1277 1278 1279 1280* 1281 1282 1283 1284* 1285 1286 1287 1288* 1289 1290 1291 1292* 1293 1294 1295 1296* 1297 1298 1299 1300* 1301 1302 1303 1304* 1305 1306 1307 1308* 1309 1310 1311 1312* 1313 1314 1315 1316* 1317 1318 1319 1320* 1321

15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 11 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 H 14 14 14 13

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 M 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

JELALI CALENDAR Jelali Year

Western Date (Julian)

455 456* 45 7 458 459 460* 461 462 463 464* 465 466 467 468* 469 470 471 472* 473 474 475 476* 477 478 479 480* 481

1532* 1533 1534 1535 1536* 1537 1538 1539 1540* 1541 1542 1543 1544* 1545 1546 1547 1548* 1549 1550 1551 1552* 1553 1554 1555 1556* 1557 1558

12 Mar 11 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 11 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 11 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 11 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 11 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 11 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 12 Mar 11 Mar 12 Mar

Western Date (Julian) (Gregorian) of New Year

Jelali Year

Jelali Year

W e s t e r n Date (Julian)

Jelali Year

Western Date (Julian)

401 402 403 404* 405 406 407 408* 409 410 411 412* 413 414 415 416* 417 418 419 420* 421 422 423 424* 425 426 427

1478 1479 1480* 1481 1482 1483 1484* 1485 1486 1487 1488* 1489 1490 1491 1492* 1493 1494 1495 1496* 1497 1498 1499 1500* 1501 1502 1503 1504*

428* 429 430 431 432* 433 434 435 436* 437 438 439 440* 441 442 443 444* 445 446 447 448* 449 450 451 452* 453 454

1505 1506 1507 1508* 1509 1510 1511 1512* 1513 1514 1515 1516* 1517 1518 1519 1520* 1521 1522 1523 1524* 1525 1526 1527 1528* 1529 1530 1531

Jelali Year 506 507 508* 509 510 511 512* 513 514 515 516* 5H 518 519 520* 521 522 523 524*

13 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 12 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 12 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 12 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 12 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 12 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 12 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar 13 Mar

Western Date (Julian) (Gregorian) of N e w Year 1583 1584* 1585 1586 1587 1588* 1589 1590 1591 1592* 1593 1594 1595 1596* 1597 1598 1599 1600* 1601

12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

Jelali Year 525 526 527 528* 529 530 531 532* 533 534 535 536* 537 538 539 540* 541 542 543

12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 12 12

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

1602

1603 1604* 1605 1606

1607 1608*

1609 1610 1611

1612*

1613 1614 1615 1616*

1617 1618

1619 1620*

12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

544* 545 546 547 548* 549 550 551 552* 553 554 555 556* 557 558 559 560* 561 562

1119

Jelali Year

Western Date (Julian)

482 483 484* 485 486 487 488* 489 490 491 492* 493 494 495 496* 497 498 499 500* 501 502 503 504* 505

1559 1560* 1561 1562 1563 1564* 1565 1566 1567 1568* 1569 1570 1571 1572* 1573 1574 1575 1576* 1577 1578 1579 1580* 1581 1582

12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

Western Date (Julian) (Gregorian) of New Year 11 12 1623 12 1624* 12 1625 11 1626 12 1627 12 1628* 12 1629 11 1630 12 12 1631 1632* 12 1633 11 1634 12 1635 12 1636* 12 1637 11 1638 12 1639 12 1621 1622

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

1201JELALI Jelali Year

CALENDAR Western Date (Julian) (Gregorian) of N e w Year

Jelali Year

Western Date (Julian) (Gregorian) of N e w Year

601 602 603 604* 605 606 607 608* 609 610 611 612* 613 614 615 616* 617 618 619 620* 621 622 623 624* 625 626 627 628* 629 630 631 632* 633 654 635 636* 637

1678 1679 1680* 1681 1682 1683 1684* 1685 1686 1687 1688* 1689 1690 1691 1692* 1693 1694 1695 1696* 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701 1702 1703 1704* 1705 1706 1707 1708* 1709 1710 1711 1712* 1713 1714

638 639 640* 641 642 643 644* 645 646 647 648* 649 650 651 652* 653 654 655 656* 657 658 659 660* 661 662 663 664* 665 666 667 668* 669 670 671 672* 673 674

1715 1716* 1717 1718 1719 1720* 1721 1722 1723 1724* 1725 1726 1727 1728* 1729 1730 1731 1732* 1733 1754 1735 1736* 1737 1738 1739 1740* 1741 1742 1743 1744* 1745 1746 1747 1748* 1749 1750 1751

590 591 592* 593 594 595 596* 597 598 599 600* Jelali Year

Western Date (Julian)

Jelali Year

Western Date (Julian)

Jelali Year

Western Date (Julian)

Jelali Year

Western Date (Julian)

675 676* 677 678 679 680* 681

1752* 1753 1754 1755 1756* 1757 1758

682 683 684* 685 686 687 688*

1759 1760* 1761 1762 1763 1764* 1765

689 690 691 692* 693 694 695

1766 1767 1768* 1769 1770 1771 1772*

696* 697 698 699 700* 701 702

1773 1774 1775 1776* 1777 1778 1779

OS GO

22 21 22 22 22 21 22

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

Western Date (Julian) (Gregorian) of New Year

1640* 1641 1642 1643 1644* 1645 1646 1647 1648* 1649 1650 1651 1652* 1653 1654 1655 1656* 1657 1658 1659 1660* 1661 1662 1663 1664* 1665 1666 1667 1668* 1669 1670 1671 1672* 1673 1674 1675 1676* 1677

563 564* 565 566 567 568» 569 570 571 572* 573 574 575 576* 577 578 579 580* 581 582 583 584* 585 586 587 588*

2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0

Jelali Year

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

22 21 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

22 22 21 22 22 22 21

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

22 22 22 21 22 22 22

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 10 11 11

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22

21 22 22 22 21 22 22

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

JELALl CALENDAR /121 Jelali

Western Date

Jelali

Western Date

Jelali

Western Date

Jelali

Western Date

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

703 704* 705 706 707 708* 709 710 711 712* 713 714 715 716* 717 718 719 720* 721 722 723 724* 725 726 727 728* 729 730 731 732* 733 734 735 736* 737 738 739 740* 741 742 743 744* 745 746 747 748* 749 750 751 752* 753

1780* 1781 1782 1783 1784* 1785 1786 1787 1788* 1789 1790 1791 1792* 1793 1794 1795 1796* 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804* 1805 1806 1807 1808* 1809 1810 1811 1812* 1813 1814 1815 1816* 1817 1818 1819 1820* 1821 1822 1823 1824* 1825 1826 1827 1828* 1829 1830

22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

754 755 756* 757 758 759 760* 761 762 763 764* 765 766 767 768* 769 770 771 772* 773 774 775 776* 777 778 779 780* 781 782 783 784* 785 786 787 788* 789 790 791 792* 793 794 795 796* 797 798 799 800* 801 802 803 804*

1831 1832* 1833 1834 1835 1836* 1837 1838 1839 1840* 1841 1842 1843 1844* 1845 1846 1847 1848* 1849 1850 1851 1852* 1853 1854 1855 1856* 1857 1858 1859 1860* 1861 1862 1863 1864* 1865 1866 1867 1868* 1869 1870 1871 1872* 1873 1874 1875 1876* 1877 1878 1879 1880* 1881

23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23

22 23 23 23

22

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

805 806 807 808* 809 810 811 812* 813 814 815 816* 817 818 819 820* 821 822 823 824* 825 826 827 828* 829 830 831 832* 833 834 835 836* 837 838 839 840* 841 842 843 844* 845 846 847 848* 849 850 851 852* 853 854 855

1882 1883 1884* 1885 1886 1887 1888* 1889 1890 1891 1892* 1893 1894 1895 1896* 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904* 1905 1906 1907 1908* 1909 1910 1911 1912* 1913 1914 1915 1916* 1917 1918 1919 1920* 1921 1922 1923 1924* 1925 1926 1927 1928* 1929 1930 1931 1932*

23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 2i 24 23 24 24 24 25 24 24 24 24 24 24 2Ì 24 24 24 23 24

24 24

23 24 24 24 11

24 24 24

2^ 24 24 24

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

856* 857 858 859 860* 861 862 863 864* 865 866 867 868* 869 870 871 872* 873 874 875 876* 877 878 879 880* 881 882 883 884* 885 886 887 888* 889 890 891 892* 893 894 895 896* 897 898 899 900* 901 902 903 904* 905 906

1933 1934 1935 1936* 1937 1938 1939 1940* 1941 1942 1943 1944* 1945 1946 1947 1948* 1949 1950 1951 1952* 1953 1954 1955 1956* 1957 1958 1959 1960* 1961 1962 1963 1964* 1965 1966 1967 1968* 1969 1970 1971 1972* 1973 1974 1975 1976* 1977 1978 1979 1980* 1981 1982 1983

23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24

Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar

1221JELALI

CALENDAR

Jelali

Western Date

Jelali

Western Date

Jelali

Western Date

Jelali

Western Date

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

907

1984* 24 Mar

912*

908* 909 910

1985 1986 1987

913 914

911

1988* 24 Mar

2 3 Mar 24 Mar 24 Mar

915

1989 1990

23 Mar 24 Mar

1991 24 Mar 1992* 24 Mar

916* 917

1993 1994

2 3 Mar 24 Mar

918

1995

24 Mar

919

1996* 24 M a r

920*

1997

2 3 Mar

921

1998

24 Mar

922

1999 24 Mar 2000* 24 Mar

923

AFRICA

AFRICA Among Africa's disparate peoples—of Negroid, Semetic, Berber and Hametic—time was regulated by their way of life. Some were hunters, some were farmers, some were nomads. Generally speaking the black African peoples, like all peoples with unwritten calendars, kept time chiefly by correlating the motion of the moon with the annual seasons: in this case a wet, a growing and a hot season. These people recognized the times of the solstices and equinoxes as well as the rising and setting of the particularly bright stars. Sirius, the brightest of these, played a prominent part in the calendar. Planetary motion was noted and these ancient peoples had a fairly good reckoning of eclipse periodicity. The astronomical phenomenon enabled them to fix fairly accurately the dates of particular rulers and events which had profoundly affected them. While they had no astronomy as we know it, they were also able to figure the times of their religious observances. Most of them considered the period around the winter solstice to be the beginning of the year. Unfortunately, the coming of the white man and the imposition of his religion and customs resulted in much of the richness of the native customs being lost.

Until recently, historians assumed that there were no major civilizations in Africa except Egypt. But archeological finds over the past 20 years have rapidly disclosed that this was not the case. On the west coast and in central Africa five large empires once existed—Nok, Benin, Mali, Songhay, Kanem Bornu and Ancient Ghana. There are also traces of extensive cities thought to date back to the 6th century B.C. and some of these were still in existence in the 19th century. Zimbabwe, Napungubwe, Zany, Engaruka, Khami, Penhalonga, Niekerk and Bigo have all been rediscovered in the southeast or south central part of the continent. Some, such as Zimbabwe, appear in the Arabic records because they were centers of trade with the countries across the Arab Gulf and Indian Oceans. Indications of how these inhabitants measured time are lost, or may never have existed, but it is unlikely that such extensive empires and trading cities had no written calendar of some sort. Throughout its history, Africa was the object of numerous invasions. Persians overran Egypt in the 6th century B.C. The Greeks came as conquerers in the 3rd century B.C. to be followed later by the Romans. After the collapse of the Roman Empire, Africa was not disturbed by foreign invaders until a vast flux of Islamic peoples spread across the north during the late 7th and early 8th centuries A.D. Europeans arrived still later. While there was some exploration of Africa before the 14th century, it was not until Henry the Navigator's day that European colonies began to be established along the west coast. And it was still more than three centuries later before northern Europeans began their invasion of the central and southern parts of Africa. Each succeeding invasion brought with it a new group of people who introduced its own calendar which was used in conjunction with earlier ones.

In and around the great desert, time was reckoned differently. The people here measured time by the passage of the moon and the seasons, which changed only from blazingly hot to quite cold, particularly at night. They were largely nomadic people, wandering over the desert areas or living in oases in the desert, sparse now, but perhaps more plentiful 2000 years ago, as indicated by extensive ruins in the area. W h e n the Romans and later the Moslims conquered this area they brought their calendar with them. The Mediterranean coast of Africa was the site of countless invasions. W i t h the resulting mixture of peoples, many different calendars were used concurrently. Aside from the ancient Egyp125

126

I

AFRICA

tian calendar, the Era of Nabonassar, a calendar used by the Chaldeans, Babylonians and others from the eastern shores of the Mediterranean was also employed. So too, during long and often overlapping periods were the calendars of the Greeks, Macedonians, Seleucids, Romans, Hebrews, etc. The calendar from the Abyssinian and Egyptian Eras was also utilized. Particularly in Alexandria, the calendar of the Julius Africanus Era of Antioch was employed by Greeks there. The following eras were used in this area: The ABYSSINIAN ERA is said to have begun in 5493 B.C., about the same time as the founding of Egypt. The JULIUS AFRICANUS ERA OF ANTIOCH is said to have begun in 5413 B.C.; its New Year is thought to have begun in the autumn.

The ALEXANDRIAN ERA is reputed to have begun on August 29, 5502 B.C. The ERA OF DIOCLETIAN or ERA OF THE MARTYRS, variously given as August 29 and/or September 17, 284 A.D. It superceded the Alexandrian Era. The ROMAN ERA is generally accepted as having begun April 24, 753 B.C., but several other dates have been given. The ERA OF NABONASSAR began on February 26, 747 B.C., a Wednesday, at noon. The EGYPTIAN ERA, like the Era of Nabonassar, also began on February 26, 747 B.C. Both of these eras had 365 days only. Leap year was unaccounted for. By 38 B.C., the New Year in the Egyptian Era had retreated to August 29, at which time it was declared that the New Year be fixed for that date.

EGYPT Like all other peoples, the early Egyptians first devised a lunar calendar. As the centuries went by, this calendar was altered in an attempt to bring it into line with solar motion. Eventually a solar calendar was devised based on a year of 360 days. However it still used lunar motion to a great degree in determining religious feasts and festivals. This 360 day calendar, like so many others, was changed during the 8th century B.C. to one of 365 days. The extra five days was simply added to the end of the year. The Egyptian calendar is the only one that is based on a geophysical rather than merely an astronomical fact. Egypt depended on the adequate rising and flooding of the Nile; each year as the Nile flooded, it brought down soil from the mountains to the Egyptian plain, enabling the people to establish an agricultural system which supported the civilization. During the early empire, the Nile began flooding in the last half of July. Modern calculations claim that the Dog Star, Sirius, the brightest star in the heavens, had its helical rising a few days before the

expected rise in the river. Hence, the Egyptians considered the star a herald of the coming flood, and Sirius became an object of worship. If the flood was inadequate, this meant a period of famine; if it was excessive, planting would be delayed and again famine would result. So it was around the flood, as well as around solar and lunar motion that the early Egyptian calendar and its attendant religious observances was built, rather than the astronomical observations and calculations farther to the east across the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. In the 6th century B.C. the Persians overran Egypt, bringing their calendar with them. The Era of Nabonassar (see page xxx) was used by the Egyptians and the peoples of Kush and Nubia, or what is now Ethiopia and Abyssinia. In the 3rd century B.C. the Greeks invaded the area, introducing the Alexandrian Era. In the 1st century B.C. the Romans swarmed over northern Africa, particularly Egypt, and the new calendar of Julius Caesar was established (see page 294).

COPTIC CALENDAR During the first century A . D . Christianity began to find its way down into upper Egypt and into Abyssinia, and a large number of people in these areas turned to this new religious belief. The peoples around the eastern coast of the Mediterranean and North Africa also began to accept these tenets as the Roman Empire began to collapse and Christian authorities grew stronger. Alexandria became one of the Christian strongholds. Then, in the late 7th and early 8th centuries A . D . a wave of Islam swept across Africa, and while Alexandria held firm, the other areas, with two exceptions, bowed to Islam, were converted and adopted the Islamic calendar. The two peoples who did not opt for Islam were the early Christians in upper Egypt whom we now call the Copts, and their neighbors to the south, the Ethiopians. The sweep of Islam, however, cut them off from their Christian fellows for more than a thousand years. It was probably because of this isolation that the Coptic and Ethiopian churches never adopted the Western calendar. Instead these two isolated pockets of Christianity continued to employ the Alexandrian Era of 5502 B . C . ; the Ethiopians dated their epoch from August 29, 7 A . D . ; the Copts from August 29, 284 A . D . Except for the number of the years, the two calendars were identical. The year had 365 days with an extra day every fourth year. It was divided into 12 months of 30 days each, with the extra five or six days added to the end of the year. The Ethiopians call these five or six extra

1127

days Pagnem or Quaggimi, and the leap year Kadis Yojannis. The Copts call the five days Nisi and the six days Kebus. Both the Copts and the Ethiopians celebrate Christmas on the 28th day of the fourth month in common years and the 29th in leap years. Good Friday begins on the morning of the day on which the Jews begin their Passover at 6 p . m . , so that Easter always falls on the second full day of Passover. They observe a seven day week, the Holy Day of which is Sunday. The day begins at 6 a . m . The Ethiopians made few concessions, if any, to Islam. They continued to use the old Ethiopian names for the months, while the Copts, who lived in much closer contact with the Arabs, gradually forgot Coptic as a language and adopted Arabic instead. The Coptic month names are known (they are the same as the Egyptian ones) and are still used for ecclesiastical purposes. The Arabic names are in daily use. Month Number

Ethiopian Name

Coptic Name

Arabic Name

1 2 3 4 5 6

Maskarram Tekemt Hadar Tahsas Tarr Yekatit

Thoth Paophi Athyr Cohiac Tybi Mesir

Magawit Miaziah Genbot Sanni Hamlc Nas'hi

Phamenoth Pharmouti Pachons Payni Epiphi Mesori

Tot Babe Hatur Kyak Tobe Mashir Amshir Buramat Baramude Bashans Baune Abib Meshri

Coptic Year

Western Date (Julian) of New Year

7 8 9 10 11 12

COPTIC CALENDAR Coptic Year 1 2 3 4* 5 6 7 8*

Western Date (Julian) of New Year 283 284* 285 286 287 288* 289 290

29 29 29 29 29 30 29 29

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

Coptic Year 9 10 11 12* 13 14 15 16*

Western Date (Julian) of New Year 291 292* 293 294 295 296* 297 298

29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

Coptic Year 17 18 19 20* 21 22 23 24*

Western Date (Julian) of New Year 299 300* 301 302 303 304* 305 306

29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

25 26 27 28* 29 30 31 32*

307 308* 309 310 311 312* 313 314

29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

1281 COPTIC CALENDAR Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Coptic

(Julian)

Coptic

(Julian)

Coptic

(Julian)

Coptic

(Julian)

Year

of N e w Y e a r

Year

of N e w Y e a r

Year

of N e w Y e a r

Year

of N e w Y e a r

186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236

468* 469 470 471 472* 473 474 475 476* 477 478 479 480* 481 482 483 484* 485 486 487 488* 489 490 491 492* 493 494 495 496* 497 498 499 500* 501 502 503 504* 505 506 507 508* 509 510 511 512* 513 514 515 516* 517 518

33 34 35 36* 37 38 39 40* 41 42 43 44* 45 46 47 48* 49 50 51 52* 53 54 55 56* 57 58 59 60* 61 62 63 64* 65 66 67 68* 69 70 71 72* 73 74 75 76* 77

78 79 80* 81 82 83

315 316* 317 318 319 320* 321 322 323 324* 325 326 327 328* 329 330 331 332* 333 334 335 336* 337 338 339 340* 341 342 343 344* 345 346 347 348* 349 350 351 352* 353 354 355 356* 357 358 359 360* 361 362 363 364* 365

29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug

84* 85 86 87 88* 89 90 91 92* 93 94 95 96* 97 98 99 100* 101 102 103 104* 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 i n

118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134

366 367 368* 369 370 371 372* 373 374 375 376* 377 378 379 380* 381 382 383 384* 385 386 387 388* 389 390 391 392* 393 394 395 396* 397 398 399 400* 401 402 403 404* 405 406 407 408* 409 410 411 412* 413 414 415 416*

29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 no 171

172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185

417 418 419 420* 421 422 423 424* 425 426 427 428* 429 430 431 432* 433 434 435 436* 437 438 439 440* 441 442 443 444* 445 446 447 448* 449 450 451 452* 453 454 455 456* 457 458 459 460* 461 462 463 464* 465 466 467

29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 20 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug

29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29 30 29 29 29

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

COPTIC CALENDAR

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

1129

Coptic

(Julian)

Coptic

(Julian)

Coptic

(Julian)

Coptic

(Julian)

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

570 571 572* 573 574 575 576* 577 578 579 580* 581 582 583 584* 585 586 587 588* 589 590 591 592* 593 594 595 596* 597 598 599 600* 601 602 603 604* 605 606 607 608* 609 610 611 612* 613 614 615 616* 617 618 619 620*

339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389

621 29 Aug 622 29 Aug 623 30 Aug 624* 29 Aug 625 29 Aug 626 29 Aug 627 30 Aug 628* 29 Aug 629 29 Aug 630 29 Aug 631 30 Aug 632* 29 Aug 633 29 Aug 634 29 Aug 635 30 Aug 636* 29 Aug 637 29 Aug 638 29 Aug 639 30 Aug 640* 29 Aug 641 29 Aug 642 29 Aug 643 30 Aug 644* 29 Aug 645 29 Aug 646 29 Aug 647 30 Aug 648* 29 Aug 649 29 Aug 650 29 Aug 651 30 Aug 652* 29 Aug 653 29 Aug 654 29 Aug 655 30 Aug 656* 29 Aug 657 29 Aug 658 29 Aug 659 30 Aug 660* 29 Aug 661 29 Aug 662 29 Aug 663 30 Aug 664* 29 Aug 665 29 Aug 666 29 Aug 667 30 Aug 668* 29 Aug 669 29 Aug 670 29 Aug 671 30 Aug

390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440

237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287

519 520* 521 522 523 524* 525 526 527 528* 529 530 531 532* 533 534 535 536* 537 538 539 540* 541 542 543 544* 545 546 547 548* 549 550 551 552* 553 554 555 556* 557 558 559 560* 561 562 563 564* 565 566 567 568* 569

30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug

288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338

29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug

672* 673 674 675 676* 677 678 679 680* 681 682 683 684* 685 686 687 688* 689 690 691 692* 693 694 695 696* 697 698 699 700* 701 702 703 704* 705 706 707 708* 709 710 711 712* 713 714 715 716* 717 718 719 720* 721 722

29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 30 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug 29 Aug

1301 COPTIC CALENDAR Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Coptic

(Julian)

Coptic

(Julian)

Coptic-

(Julian)

Coptic

(Julian)

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

441 442

723 30 Aug 724» 29 Aug

443

725

444 445

726 727

492

771

29 Aug

543

825

29 Aug

594

876* 29 Aug

775

30 Aug

544

595

877

29 Aug

776* 29 Aug

545

826 827

29 Aug

29 Aug

493 494

30 Aug

596

878

29 Aug

29 Aug

495

777

29 Aug

828* 29 Aug

597

879

30 Aug

30 Aug

496

7 C \ 0 C \ 0 0 0 C S 0 C \ C 0 rr. fN fN rr, PJ rp rr. rr, pj rr, P| n rP, rr. rr, rr, PJ rr, P) rp rr, rr, PJ PJ P^l rp pj rr, rr, rP, fN rP, Pi rp rr.

CNCOCNOOOCNOCNOCOOOC^OCnQCNCNCNO^OCNOOOCNOCNOGN^ r\| rr, rr, ri rr, rr, 'P PI rr*. r.j rr. rr-. rr, 'T. rr, r j rr. r\¡ rr, r j (N (N rr, (N rr, (M rr, rr. rr, pj rr, PJ rr, p] fN

UJBJJBqnj^

6

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a 29

« Date Q

Year

30

1908» 22 Jan 31 29 Feb 29

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asäd Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hut

31 31 31 31 32 31 30 30 29 30 29 30

21 21 22 22 23 24 24 24 23 22 21 19

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asäd Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hüt

31 31 31 32 31 31 30 30 30 29 30 30

21 21 22 22 24 24 24 24 23 23 21 20

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asäd Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hüt

30 31 31 32 31 31 30 30 30 29 30 30

22 21 22 22 24 24 24 24 23 23 21 20

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Satatän

30 31 32 31

22 21 22 23

Mar Apr May Jun

31 30 31 30

ooo

Year

c Ml In 0 0 O

1909

1909

1910

1910

1911 1911

Gregorian

x e o

t a fi

0 Year

Date

A Tip

Asàd Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hut

31 31

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asàd Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hut

31 31 31 31 32 31 30 30 29 30 29 30

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asàd Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hut

31 31 31 32 31 31 30

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asàd Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw

30 31 31 32 31 31 30 30 30 29 30 30

JL \ 1

1291

1292»

T «

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Date 0

Year

1912*

1912»

1913 1913

1914 1914

1915

24 24 24 25 24 23 22 20

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

21 21 22 22 23 24 24 24 23 22 21 19

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

21 21 22 22 24 24 24 24 23 23 21 20

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

22 21 22 22 24 24 24 24 23 23 21 20

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

31 31 30 31 30 31 31 29

31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28

B0RJ1 IRANIAN SOLAR 1165

1294

0 o T a n 0 il up .n. il / W **

* 1295

T

«

n ® il Tip M.

\

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1296*

T

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Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asad Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hüt

30 31 32 31 31 31 31 30 29 30 29 30

1915

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asad Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hüt

31 31 31 31 32 31 30 30 29 30 29 30

1916*

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asad Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hüt

31 31 31 32 31 31 30 30 30 29 30 30

1917

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asäd Sunbula Mizän

30 31 31 32 31 31 30

s Date Q

Year

1916*

1917

1918

1918

22 21 22 23 24 24 24 25 24 23 22 19

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 29

21 21 22 22 23 24 24 24 23 22 21 19

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28

21 21 22 22 24 24 24 24 23 23 21 20

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28

22 21 22 22 24 24 24

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep

31 30 31 30 31 31 30

•fl

Year

i7) 0 o

Q

'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hüt

30 30 29 30 30

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asäd Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hüt

30 31 32 31 31 31 31 30 29 29 30 30

1919

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asäd Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hüt

31 31 31 31 32 30 31 30 29 30 30 30

1920*

*

Hamal Thür Jawzä' Saratän Asäd Sunbula Mizän 'Aqrab Qaws Jadi Dalw Hüt

31 31 31 32 31 31 30 30 30 29 30 30

V 8

Hamal Thür

30 31

J> » *

T 8 n ®

A up JV

\

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rt

Date

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1298

s o S c

1 c

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Gregorian .c c

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c M Year

Iranian Boriji Solar

Gregorian

Iranian Boriji Solar

T 8 n ®

il nç Tl / V? !S

* T 8 n © il K» JL

t BB

Date D

Year

1919

1920*

1921

1921

1922 1922

24 23 23 21 20

Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

22 21 22 23 24 24 24 25 24 23 21 20

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

31 30 31 30 31 31 30

21 21 22 22 23 24 23 24 23 22 21 19

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31

21 21 22 22 24 24 24 24 23 23 21 20

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

28

31 30 31 30 31 31 28

22 Mar 31 21 Apr 30

166 ¡ B 0 R J 1 IRANIAN

SOLAR

Iranian Boriji Solar

Gregorian -G S

c

¥

Year

0 0 O n ®

il TP ¿L

? V? m

* 1302

T « n ®

il up

Gregorian

c o

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Iranian Boriji Solar

ç «

Date Jawzâ' Saratân Asàd Sunbula Mizân 'Aqrab Qaws Jadï Dalw Hüt

Q 31 32 31 31 30 30 30 29 30 30

Year

Hamal Thur Jawzâ' Saratân Asâd Sunbula Mizân

30 31 32 31 31 31 31

1923

1923

ìt

22 22 24 24 24 24 23 23 21 20

Date May Juii Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

O 31

30 31 31 28

22 21 22 23 24 24 24

Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep

31 30 31 30 31 31 30

Year

1303

0 1 / V? « )f

Date 1 'Aqrab 1 Qaws 1 J adi 1 Dalw 1 Hüt

T « n © ft TP =2= 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 t 1 V? . « 1 * 1

Hamal Thur Jawzà' Saratân Asad Sunbula M izan 'Aqrab Qaws JadI Dalw Hüt

0 29 30 29 30 30

Year

30 31 32 31 32 30 31 30 29 30 29 30

1924

1924*

1925

25 23 23 21 20

Date Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

21 20 21 22 23 24 23 24 23 22 21 19

Mar 31 Apr 30 May 31 Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

IRANIAN SOLAR HEGIRA Solar Hegira Year

Western (Gregorian) Year

Solar Hegira Year

Western (Gregorian) Year

1304* 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309* 1310 1311 1312 1313* 1314 1315 1316 1317* 1318 1319

1925 1926 1927 1928* 1929 1930 1931 1932* 1933 1934 1935 1936* 1937 1938 1939 1940*

1329* 1330 1331 1332 1333* 1334 1333 1336 1337* 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342* 1343 1344

1950 1951 1952* 1953 1954 1955 1956* 1957 1958 1959 1960* 1961 1962 1963 1964* 1964

Solar Hegira Year 1354* 1355 (2535 Sh.) 1356 (2536 Sh.) 1357 1358* 1359 1360 1361 1362* 1363 1364 1365 1366* 1367 1368 1369

Western (Gregorian) Year 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980* 1981 1982 1983 1984* 1985 1986 1987 1988* 1989 1990

Q 31 30 31 31 29

SOLAR H E G I R A I J 67

IRANIAN Solar

Western

Solar

Western

Solar

Western

Hegira

(Gregorian)

Hegira

(Gregorian)

Hegira

(Gregorian)

Year

Year

Year

Year

Year

Year

1320 1321* 1322 1323 1324 1323* 1326 1327 1328

1941 1942 1943 1944* 1945 1946 1947 1948* 1949

1966 1967 1968* 1969 1970 1971 1972* 1973 1974

1345 1346* 1347 1348 1349 1350* 1351 1352 1353

1370* 137 1 1372 1373 1374 1375* 1376 1377 1378

1991 1992* 1993 1994 1995 1996* 1997 1998 1999

AFGHANISTAN Modern Afghanis utilize three calendars: the Gregorian (for commercial purposes), a variant of the lunar Hegira and a variant of the Iranian Solar. Like the Arabic lunar Hegira calendar the Afghani variation uses July 15, 622 A.D. as its

Arabic

1. Muharram 2. Safar 3. Rabi al-awwal 4. Rabi ath-thani 5. J u m a d a al-ulya 6. J u m a d a al-akhira 7. Rajab 8. Shaban 9. Ramadan 10. Shawwal 11. Dhul-Qa'da 12. Dhul-Hijja

epoch. It also contains 12 months with the odd months (1-11) having 30 days and the even months (2-12) having 29 days. The last month has 29 days in a common year and 30 days in a leap year. The names of the months are as follows:

Eastern Afghani Pushtoo

Western Afghani Pushtoo

Hasan wa huseyn Gul shakara Rumbey chor, Wrumbey chor Dwayema chor Dreyema chor Thalorema chor Do Hadai miasht, Bzerga miasht Shawkadar, Do shawkadare miasht Rozha, Do rozha miasht Warukay achtar Miyana miasht Loy achtar

Hasan huseyn Sapara, thapara Lumrey khor Dwaheyma khor Dreyma khor Thalarema khor Do hadai taali miasht Barat, Barate miasht Rozha, Do rozha miasht Kuchnay akhtar, Do kuchni akhtar Miyana Loy akhtar

Between 1956 and 1963 the Afghanis made some changes in intercalating for the leap years. These changes are tabulated below. Days in Beginning Western Date

Shaban

21 Mar 1956* 21 Mar 1957 20 Feb 1958

30 29 30

Afghani month (Arabic Names) Shawwal Ramadan

30 30 29

29 29 30

Dhul-Qa'da

Afghani Year

30 30 29

1375 A . H . 1376* A . H . 1377* A . H .

1681 AFGHANISTAN Beginning Western Date

Shaban

20 Feb 1959 21 Feb 1960* 21 J a n 1961 21 J a n 1962 21 J a n 1963 22 Dec 1963

29 29 29 29 30 30

Days in Afghani month (Arabic Names Ramadan Shawwal

Zodiac

Arabic

Pushtoo

Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio Sagittarius Capricorn Aquarius Pisces

Hamal Thür Jawza Saratan Asad Sunbula Mizan Aqrab Qaws Jadr Dalvv Hut

Wray Ghwayay Ghbargulay Chungash Zmaray Wazhay Tala Laram Linda Marghumay Salwagha Kab

30 29 29 29 30 29

29 30 30 30 29 30

The 19th and 20th century Iranian Zodiacal calendar, (the "Borji" solar Hegira calendar) also was adopted in Afghanistan and is called "Shamsi" in Pushtoo. There are eight leap years in a 33 year cycle for this calendar, the first seven of which occur every fourth year. The eighth leap year occurs in the last or 33rd year of the cycle. Usually both the Arabic and the Pushtoo names for the months are given. The months are those of the signs of the Zodiac, beginning with Aries.

This calendar continued in use until 1958 (1377 Shamsi) when it was decided to bring it into line with the Iranian solar calendar which Iran had adopted in 1925. Due to some differences in the application of leap year, and a difference in the placing of the short month, be-

Dhui-Qa'da

Afghani Year

30 30 30 30 29 30

1378 1379 1380 1381 1382* 1383

A.H. A.H. A.H. A.H. A.H. A.H.

tween 1955 and 1963 A.D. (1334-1342 Shamsi), it varied somewhat from the Iranian calendar. The table below shows the number of days per month for the relevant years. Shamshi year numbers Shamshi Month Wray Ghwayay Ghbargulay Chungash Zmaray Wazhay Tala Laram Linda Marghumay Salwagha Kab

31 31 32 31 31 31 30 30 29 29 30 30

31 31 32 31 31 31 30 30 29 29 30 30

31 31 32 31 31 31 30 30 29 29 30 30

31 31 31 31 31 31 .30 30 30 30 30 30

31 31 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 29 30 30

31 31 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 29 30 30

31 31 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 29 30 30

31 31 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 .30 30 30

31 31 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 .30 30 29

Since 1968 (1347 Shamsi) the Afghani solar calendar has been identical with Iranian Solar calendar. 1334

1339

1335

1340

1336

1341 s

1337*

1342

1338

INDIA

INDIAN CALENDARS in accordance with and interpreted by astrological methods. The India astrologers used the same symbols and many of the same principals as do astrologers of the Western world today; the Indian solar year, like the Western year, consists of 12 months, each month having assigned to it one of the 12 signs of the zodiac. Each sign contains 30 degrees; the sign begins at 0° and runs through to 29°59'59" before entering the next sign. A major difference between the two systems is that the western zodiac is based on the tropical year, while the Hindu and Buddhist zodiaks are based on the sidereal year, which is about 24 minutes longer. The Indian solar year begins with the month of Chaitra, or around April 13/14 by the western calendar. This year is divided into 6 seasons of 2 months each, which are named as follows: (1) Vasanta = % and T (2) Grishma = « and n (3) Varsha = ® and il (4) Saruda = up and & (5) Hemanta = t and / (6) Sisira = V? and ¡s . The length of the solar month depends on the length of the apparent motion of the sun through each sign; this ranges from as few as 27 days during the shortest winter month to as many as 32 days during the longest summer month. Unlike our months, these solar months correspond exactly to the signs of the zodiac. A new month cannot begin until the sun or moon actually enters the next sign, which can happen any time during the 24 hours period we call a day. The names for the zodiacal signs remain the same throughout India and the Indo-Chinese Peninsula, while the names of the months vary according to the dialect spoken. The names for the months and signs are set forth in the following table;

When India gained its independence in the mid-20th century, it found itself faced with not less than 30 calendars, differing in when the era and year began, and to some extent in the method of reckoning time. This diversity had its roots in the nation's history. About 3,000 B . C . , a calendar called the Kali Y u g a came into use. But, because India had no astronomical observatories and astronomers could not directly observe the heavenly bodies, data differed from region to region. Thus the calendar became diversified throughout the subcontinent. With the advent of Muslim rule in 1200 A . D . , the lunar Hejira calendar was adopted for administrative purposes and for Muslim religious purposes. It was employed until 1757 except for a brief period (1556-1605) when Emperor Akbar banned it and introduced his own calendar. In 1757, the British brought the Gregorian calendar, which was still utilized for official purposes at the time of India's independence. Regional calendars based on the Kali Yuga, however, survived the political changes and were also used. Each state of India had its own civil calendar of local origin which was used by the rural population and by a large segment of the urban dwellers for daily transactions, correspondence, etc. This system created chaos in a centralized state. The date which we know as March 21, 1957, would be called Chaitra 7 in Bengal, Chaitra 8 in Orissa, and Panguni (Phalguna) 8 in the South. By the Indian lunar calendar it would be called Chaitra Vadi 6 or Phalguna Vadi 6, depending upon the convention followed. All the calendars of India are, from a standpoint of solar measurement, based on the Kali Yuga and are, from the Kali Yuga on down, based solidly on astronomical measurements made Signs English

Sanskrit

Hindi

Months Bengali

Urdu

Tamil

Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer

Mesha Vrisha Mithuna Karkata

Vyshak Jyesc Ashadh Shrawun

Vaisakha Jyestha Ashadh Sravana

Baisakh Jeth Asarh Sawan

Chairram Vyassie Auni Audi

111

172 / INDIAN

CALENDARS

Signs

Months

English

Sanskrit

Urdu

Tamil

Leo

Bhadurpud

Bhadra

Bhadon

Auvani

Virgo

Sinha Kanya

Ashwin

Aswina

Asan

Paratasi

Libra

Tula

Kartick

Kartik

Arpesi

Scorpio

Vrishiga

Margashirs

Kartiku Margasirshaor

Aghan

Kartiga

Pousha M a g ha

Pus Magh

Margali

Phaigoona

Phagun

Maussi

Chaitra

Chait

Punguni

Hindi

Bengali

Agrahayana Sagittarius Capricorn Aquarius

Dhanus Makara Kumbha

Pisces

Mina

Poush Maugh Phalgoon Chytr

Note that the Tamil name their month one sign later than the others. Between 1876 and 1895, however, the months listed here under the sign of Mina, or Pisces, were changed so that Chytr, Chaitra and Chait fell under the sign of Mesha, or Aries, thus bringing the Sanskrit, Bengali and Urdu months into line with the Tamil. English

Tye

As in the west, there are seven days in a week, each day having assigned to it a planet, excluding Earth but including the Sun and Moon, from which the name is derived. These occur in exactly the same order as they do in the west, as illustrated by the following table:

Singhalee

Tibetan

Burmese

Htwar

Eri-da

Gyah-nyi-ma

Tanang-ganve

Peer or S o m w a r Mungul

Sa-du-da

Tanang-la

Ang-ga-ha-nuva-da

Gyah-zla-va Gyah-mig-amar

Budh-var

Boodh

Ba-da-da

Gyah-thag-pa

Buddha-hu

V r i h a s p a t - v a r or

Jumerat

Bra-has-pa-ting-da

Gyah-phur-bu

Kyasa-pade

Hindu

Indian

Sunday

Ravi-var

Monday Tuesday

Som-var Mangal-var

Wednesday Thursday

Ang-gar

Guru-var Friday

Sukra-var

Juma

Si-ku-ra-da

Gyah-pa-sangs

Sok-kya

Saturday-

Sanicharor

Sunncecher

Sina-su-ra-da

Gyah-spen-pa

Cha-na

Sani-var

The solar day can be measured by the time from sunrise to sunrise or by the time it takes for the sun's apparent motion to cover 1° on the ecliptic. In either case, this time period is subdivided according to sexagesimal system, which is set forth below, beginning with the two-month season: 60 Kshanas

~ 1 Lava

6 0 Lavas

7

60 Nimeshas

= 1 Kastha

60 Kasthas

= 1 Atipala

60 Atipala

= 1 Vipala

60 Vipala

= I Pala

= 24" (

"

)

6 0 Palas

= IDanda

=24'(

"

)

60 Dandas

~ 1 Dina

= 2 4 hours (

"

60 Dinas

-

~ 2 m o n t h s season

I Nimesha

! Ricu

= 0 . 4 " (western)

)

In addition to these solar measurements, there are parallel lunar measurements which overlap the solar ones. The Indian lunar year consists of 12 lunar months, with an intercalary month, called

adhika, which occurs approximately every 3 years. The beginning of the lunar year can be calculated in two ways, depending upon which system of calculating the lunar months is used. A lunar month may be calculated from new moon to new moon or from full moon to full moon. There are 30 lunar days in a lunar month. In the south of India, they consider the new moon to be the beginning of the month. They divide the month into two parts of 15 days each, called siicha or sukla-pahba and krishna or babulapaksha. or the waxing and waning of the moon. In other areas the month begins with the full, rather than the new, moon. By this system, the lunar year begins in the middle of the month Chaitra, with the waning, rather than the waxing, of the moon. The lunar months are named for the solar months in which the new moons occur. The

INDIAN CALENDARS system of intercalation mentioned above is used in order to bring the lunar years into line with the solar ones. When 2 new moons occur within one solar month, the year is intercalary and the name of that month is repeated for the next lunar month. In most areas, the word nija, or ordinary, is added to the name of the month the first time it occurs, adhika is added to it the second time. Among the Tamils this is reversed, and the first month, rather than the second, is considered the intercalated one. Approximately every 160 years, the reverse situation occurs; during the second half of the year, there will be a solar month during which no new moon occurs. When this happens, the lunar month named for that solar month will be dropped from the calendar; however, this always happens in a year during which two new moons occur in one of the first 6 solar months, and the extra intercalation balances this out. A common intercalary year is called adhika-samvat-sara, and the double intercalary year with the dropped lunar month is called ksyhaya-samvat-sara. The calculation of lunar days is similar to that of lunar months. As stated, there are 30 lunar days, called tithis, in every lunar month. A tithi is equal to about .984 of a day, so that 64 tithis are about equal to 63 days. A tithi which begins at or before sunrise is considered to belong to that day. If it begins after sunrise it will end on the following day and in that case is omitted from the calendar. When two tithis end on the same solar day, the intermediate one is called kyshaya-titht, and is dropped from the calendar; when no tithi begins or ends a solar day, the tithi is repeated on two successive solar days, and the first one is called adhika. A tithi is dropped approximately every 64 days, so that the lunar days are brought into line with the solar ones. In addition to the solar and lunar days, there are 27 lunar mansions, called nakshalra. These are calculated by the time between 2 consecutive risings of the moon at the same point or degree of the ecliptic on the horizon. This is considered the true sideral day. These are equal for the whole year and are used in all astrological com-

1173

putations. The names of these lunar mansions are as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Aswini Bharani Krittika Rohini Mriga Ardra Punarvasu Pushya Ashlesha

10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

Magha Purva-phalguni Utrara-phalguni Hasta Chitra Swati Visakha Anuradha Jyeshtha

19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24 25. 26. 27.

Mula Purva-shadha Uttara-shadha Sravana Dhanishtha Satataraka Purva-bhadrapada Uttara-bhadrapada Revati

There are 3 cycles used in conjunction with the Kali Yuga. One is a 60-year cycle, called the Jupiter cycle, the origin of which is unknown. It is based on the time it takes for the planet Jupiter to orbit the sun 5 times. Another cycle, called the Grahaparavritti Cycle, is a 90-year cycle based on the apparent average motion of each of the following: 15 cycles of Mars, 22 of Mercury, 11 of Jupiter, 5 of Venus, 29 of Saturn, and one of the sun. About 1192 B.C. it was discovered that every 247 years and one month completed a series of cycles of the lunar measurement of the zodiac. This meant that at the end of 247 years and 1 month, the beginning of the year would shift to the next month in succession. Over a period of 1800 years the cycle looks like this: Name o f N e w Periods

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

New Year began

20/21 August 1 1 9 2 B.C. 20/21 September 9 4 5 B.C. 18/19 October 6 9 8 B.C. 16/17 November 4 5 1 B.C. 14/15 December 2 0 4 B.C. 12/13 January 4 4 A . D . 10/11 February 2 9 1 A . D . 11/12 March 5 3 8 A . D .

Year Month

Aswina Kartika Agrahayana Pausha Mag ha Phalguna Chaitra Vaisakha

At this point, 538 A.D., the shift arrived at the vernal equinox, and it was decided to leave it there. This brought the solar year into line with the lunar one and made rhe first month of the year Vaisakha, equal to 0° Aries, or Mesha. These are no longer synonymous today, as the sidereal year has shifted to a point where 0° Mesha now arrives on the 13/14 April. Some of the major eras which have sprung from the Kali Yuga are as follows:

1741 INDIAN CALENDARS Jain 569 B.C. Buddhist 544 B.C. Parasurama 176 B . C . Vikrama(Bikrama) 57 B . C . Grahaparivritti 24 B.C.

AjiSaka Saka Newar Burmese Prorae Bali Balabhi

74A.D. 78A.D. 78 A.D. 79 A.D. 81 A . D . 318A.D.

T h e o n e chosen by t h e Indian G o v e r n m e n t as the basis for t h e standardized official calendar was the Saka era. It had been introduced in India by t h e Saka ruling powers, and had been used exclusively by t h e Sakadvipi B r a h m i n s , the astrologer caste, since t h e 1st century A . D . , on the basis o f siddhantic, or scientific astronomy, c o m b i n e d with astronomical conceptions prevalent in the W e s t . T h e unified national calendar o f India, therefore, is 7 8 years behind the Christian era; the Saka year 1 9 0 2 corresponds to the western year 1 9 8 0 - 8 1 . T h e tropical year o f 3 6 5 . 2 4 2 2 days was adopted for the purpose o f calendar-making; as in the west, a normal year has 3 6 5 days, a n d a leap year has 3 6 6 . A leap year is d e t e r m i n e d by adding 7 8 to the Saka era; i f that s u m is divisible by 4 it is a leap year. W h e n t h e s u m is divisible by 1 0 0 , the year is only a leap year i f it as also divisible by 4 0 0 . T h e extra day o f t h e leap year falls in the m o n t h o f C h a i t r a , the first m o n t h o f the year, w h i c h begins on the day following the vernal equinox. T h e five m o n t h s following Chaitra each have 3 1 days, and t h e last 6 m o n t h s o f the year each have 3 0 . Chaitra itself has 3 0 days in a normal year and 3 1 in a leap year. T h u s the dates o f t h e reformed India calendar have a perm a n e n t correspondence with the dates o f the present G r e g o r i a n calendar, as illustrated below: Chaitra 1 Vaisakha 1 Jaistha 1 Asadha 1 Sravana 1 Bhadra 1 Asvina 1 Kartika 1 Agrahayana 1 Pausa 1

March 2 2 in normal year, March 2 1 in leap year April 2 1 May 2 2 June 22 July 23 August 2 3 September 2 3 October 2 3 November 22 December 22

Magha 1 Phalguna 1

January 2 1 February 2 0

T h e Indian seasons are fixed with respect t o the reformed calendar as follows: G r i s m a ( S u m m e r ) = Vaisakha a n d j y a i s t h a Varsa (Rains) = Asadha and Sravana Sarat ( A u t u m n ) = Bhadra and Asvina H e m a n t a (Late A u t u m n ) = Kartika and Agrahayana Sisira ( W i n t e r ) = Pausa and Magha Vasanta (Spring) = Phalguna and Chaitra

T h e Indian day n o w begins and ends at m i d night. A l l calculations are m a d e from a Central Station at 8 2 Vi a E . L o n g i t u d e and 2 3 ° 1 1 ' N . Latitude. T h e requirements for the religious calendar are slightly different, in order to avoid a sharp break with the established religious practices. T h e calculation o f solar m o n t h s necessary to determining the lunar months begins 2 3 ° 1 5 ' ahead o f the vernal equinox, rather than the day following it. T h u s solar Vaisakha begins when the sun reaches a longitude o f 2 3 ° 1 5 ' ; with each succeeding m o n t h the longitude advances 3 0 ° , and reaches 3 5 3 ° 1 5 ' by the b e g i n n i n g o f Chaitra. T h e lunar m o n t h s begin with the new m o o n by t h e reformed calendar and are n a m e d , as b e fore, after the corresponding solar m o n t h s . T h e y are subject to the same rules o f intercalation as previously described. T h e day, for religious p u r poses, is reckoned from sunrise to sunrise, rather than from m i d n i g h t to m i d n i g h t . T h e Indian festivals fall into 2 categories: solar festivals, w h i c h are m o s t l y , b u t not entirely, civil ones, and lunar festivals, which are religious. W e list here only those solar festivals which are celebrated t h r o u g h o u t m o s t o f India: 22 March ( 2 1 leap year) 13 April

15 August 2 October 1 January 2 6 January

Indian N e w Year Vaisakhi, called Vishu in Kerala, Mesa Samkranti in W . Bengal and Tripura, Bahag Bihu in Assam, Cheiraoba in Manipur Independence Day Mahatma Gandhi's Birthday English N e w Year Republich Day

SAKA CALENDAR 21 March

End of the year, or the vernal equinox

These solar festivals follow astronomically correct seasons according to the reformed calendar. The lunar ones are still observed according to the old customs; however, the corrections which were introduced regarding the year length prevent their shifting in relation to the seasons. No dates can be given for these lunar festivals because they depend upon the position of the moon and the method of calculation. The names of these festivals are as follows:

Ramanavami Buddha Purnima Janmashtami Dussera Diwali Guru Nanak's Birthday Mahasivaratri Holi (2 days)

Below are modern versions of three of the calendars in use in India at the time of the reform, and the Saka calendar chosen by the Indian government.

S A K A CALENDAR Saka Year

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

1

79

2

80*

3 4 5

81 82

7

83 84* 85

8

86

6 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17

18

19 20

21 22

23 24 25

90 91 92* 93 94 95 96* 97 98 99 100* 101

102

27

103 104* 105

28

106

29 30 31 32

107 108* 109 110

26

18 9 26 15 6 23 12 3 20 11 28 17 8 25 14 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 15 6 23 12 3 20 11 28 17 8

Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar

Saka Year 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61

62

63 64

Western Date of New Year (Julian) 111 112» 113 114 115

Saka Year

25 14 5 21 12 1 116* 18 117 118 9 119 26 120* 15 121 6 122 23 123 12 124* 3 125 20 126 11 127 28

65

128*

82

129 130 131 132*

133 134 135 136* 137 138 139 140* 141 142

Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* 8 Mar 25 Feb 14 Feb* 5 Mar 21 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar 18 Feb* 9 Mar 26 Feb 15 Feb* 6 Mar 23 Feb 12 Feb

1175

66 67

68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77

78 79 80 81

Western Date of New Year (Julian) 143 144* 145 146 147 148* 149 150 151 152* 153 154 155 156* 157 158 159 160* 161

162 85 87

163 164* 165

88

166

89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96

167

86

168*

169 170 171 172* 173 174

3 Mar 20 Feb* 11 Mar 28 Feb P Feb* 8 Mar 25 Feb* 14 Feb* 5 Mar 21 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar 18 Feb* 9 Mar 26 Feb 15 Feb* 6 Mar 23 Feb* 14 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb* 11 Mar 28 Feb 17 Feb* 8 Mar 25 Feb 14 Feb* 5 Mar 21 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar 18 Feb*

Saka Year

99 100 101 102

103 104 105 106

107 108

109 110

111 112

113 114 115 116 117 118

119 120

121 122

123 124 125 126

127 128

1761 SAKA Saka Year 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 ON

150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179

CALENDAR Western Date of N e w Year (Julian) 207 208* 209 210 211 212* 213 214 215 216* 217 218 219 220* 221 222 223 224* 225 226 227 228* 229 230 231 232* 233 234 235 236* 237 238 239 240* 241 242 243 244* 245 246 247 248* 249 250 251 252* 253 254 255 256* 257

14 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 15 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 17 8 25 14 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 15 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 17 8 25 14 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 15 6 23 14 3

Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar

Saka Year 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230

Western Date of New Year (Julian) 258 259 260* 261 262 263 264* 265 266 267 268* 269 270 271 272* 27 3 274 275 276* 277 278 279 280* 281 282 283 284* 285 286 287 288* 289 290 291 292* 293 294 295 296* 297 298 299 300* 301 302 303 304* 305 306 307 308*

20 Feb* 11 Mar 28 Feb 17 Feb* 8 Mar 25 Feb 14 Feb* 5 Mar 21 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar 18 Feb* 9 Mar 26 Feb 15 Feb* 6 Mar 23 Feb* 14 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb* 11 Mar 28 Feb 17 Feb* 8 Mar 25 Feb 14 Feb* 5 Mar 21 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar 18 Feb* 9 Mar 26 Feb 15 Feb* 6 Mar 23 Feb* 14 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb* 11 Mar 28 Feb 17 Feb* 8 Mar 25 Feb* 16 Mar 5 Mar 21 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar 18 Feb* 9 Mar

Saka Year

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

Saka Year

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281

309 310 311 312* 313 314 315 316* 317 318 319 320* 321 322 323 324* 325 326 327 328* 329 330 331 332* 533 334 335 336* 337 338 339 340* 341 342 343 344* 345 346 347 348* 349 350 351 352* 553 354 355 356* 357 358 359

26 15 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 17 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 15 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 17 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 15 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 17 8 25 16

282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332

360* 361 362 363 364* 365 366 367 368* 369 370 371 372* 373 374 375 376* 377 378 379 380* 381 382 383 384* 385 386 387 388* 389 390 391 392* 393 394 395 396* 397 398 399 400* 401 402 403 404* 405 406 407 408* 409 410

Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* May Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar

5 Mar 21 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar 18 Feb* 9 Mar 26 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar* 23 Feb 14 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb* 11 Mar 28 Feb 17 Feb* 8 Mar 25 Feb* 16 Mar 5 Mar 21 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar 18 Feb* 9 Mar 26 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar 23 Feb* 14 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb* 11 Mar 28 Feb 17 Feb* 8 Mar 25 Feb* 16 Mar 5 Mar 21 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar 18 Feb* 9 Mar 26 Feb 15 Feb* 6 Mar 23 Feb* 14 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb*

SAKA CALENDAR

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

I 111

of N e w Year

Saka

of New Year

Saka

of New Year

Saka

of New Year

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

11 28 17 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 15 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 17 8 25 16 5 2 12 1 18 9 26 17 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 17 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26

384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427

21 12 1 18 9 26 17 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 19 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 17 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 19 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 17 6 23 14 3 20 11

486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536

OS —J

333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383

411 412* 413 414 415 416* 417 418 419 420* 421 422 423 424* 425 426 427 428* 429 430 431 432* 433 434 435 436* 437 438 439 440* 441 442 443 444* 445 446 447 448* 449 450 451 452* 453 454 455 456* 457 458 459 460* 461

Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb*

CO 0-4

Saka

429 430 431 432 433 434

462 463 464* 465 466 467 468* 469 470 471 472* 473 474 475 476* 477 478 479 480* 481 482 483 484* 485 486 487 488* 489 490 491 492* 493 494 495 496* 497 498 499 500* 501 502 503 504* 505 506 507 508* 509 510 511 512*

16 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 17 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 17 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 17 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 17 6 23 14 3 20 11

28 19 8 25 16 5

Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar

435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485

513 514 515 516* 517 518 519 520* 521 522 523 524* 525 526 527 528* 529 530 531 532* 533 534 535 536* 537 538 539 540* 541 542 543 544* 545 546 547 548* 549 550 551 552* 553 554 555 556* 557 558 559 560* 561 562 563

Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar

564* 565 566 567 568* 569 570 571 572* 573 574 575 576* 577 578 579 580* 581 582 583 584* 585 586 587 588* 589 590 591 592* 593 594 595 596* 597 598 599 600* 601 602 603 604* 605 606 607 608* 609 610 611 612* 613 614

28 19 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 17 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 19 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 17 6 23 14 3 20 11 28 19 8 25 16 5 21 12 1 18 9 26 17

Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Feb* Mar

178ISAKA

CALENDAR

Western Date

Saka Year

l-j

CO

537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 583 584 585 586 587

of N e w Year (Julian) 615 616* 617 618 619 620* 621 622 623 624* 625 626 627 628* 629 630 631 632* 633 634 635 636* 637 638 639 640* 641 642 643 644* 645 646 647 648* 649 650 651 652* 653 654 655 656* 657 658 659 660* 661 662 663 664* 665

6 Mar 23 Feb* 14 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb* 11 Mar 28 Feb* 19 Mar 8 Mar 25 Feb* 16 Mar 5 Mar 22 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar 19 Feb* 10 Mar 27 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar 24 Feb* 14 Mar 3 Mar 21 Feb* 11 Mar 29 Feb* 19 Mar 8 Mar 26 Feb* 15 Mar 4 Mar 22 Feb* 13 Mar 2 Mar* 20 Mar 9 Mar 27 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar 24 Feb* 14 Mar 2 Mar 20 Feb* 11 Mar 1 Mar* 18 Mar* 7 Mar 25 Feb* 16 Mar 4 Mar 22 Feb*

Western Date

Saka Year 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638

Western Date

of N e w Year (Julian)

Saka Year

666 667 668* 669 670 671 672* 673 674 675 676* 677 678 679 680* 681 682 683 684* 685 686 687 688* 689 690 691 692* 693 694 695 696* 697 698 699 700* 701 702 703 704* 705 706 707 708* 709 710 711 712* 713 714 715 716*

639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689

12 Mar 2 Mar* 20 Mar 10 Mar 27 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar 23 Feb* 14 Mar 4 Mar 21 Feb* 11 Mar 28 Feb* 19 Mar 8 Mar 25 Feb* 15 Mar 5 Mar 22 Feb* 12 Mar 2 Mar* 20 Mar 9 Mar 26 Feb* 17 Mar 7 Mar 24 Feb* 13 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb* 10 Mar 28 Feb* 19 Mar 8 Mar 25 Feb* 16 Mar 5 Mar 22 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar* 21 Mar 10 Mar 27 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar 23 Feb* 15 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb* 11 Mar 28 Feb*

of N e w Year (Julian) 717 718 719 720* 721 722 723 724* 725 726 727 728* 729 730 731 732* 733 734 735 736* 737 738 739 740* 741 742 743 744* 745 746 747 748* 749 750 751 752* 753 754 755 756* 757 758 759 760* 761 762 763 764* 765 766 767

19 Mar 8 Mar 25 Feb* 15 Mar 4 Mar 21 Feb* 13 Mar 1 Mar* 19 Mar 9 Mar 26 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar 23 Feb* 14 Mar 2 Mar 20 Feb* 11 Mar 1 Mar* 18 Mar 7 Mar 25 Feb* 16 Mar 4 Mar 22 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar* 20 Mar 9 Mar 27 Feb* 17 Mar 5 Mar 23 Feb* 14 Mar 3 Mar 21 Feb* 10 Mar 27 Feb* 19 Mar 7 Mar 25 Feb* 15 Mar 4 Mar 22 Feb* 12 Mar 1 Mar* 20 Mar 9 Mar 26 Feb* 17 Mar 7 Mar

Western Date

Saka Year 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740

of N e w Year (Julian) 768* 769 770 771 772* 773 774 775 776* 777 778 779 780* 781 782 783 784* 785 786 787 788* 789 790 791 792* 793 794 795 796* 797 798 799 800* 801 802 803 804* 805 806 807 808* 809 810 811 812* 813 814 815 816* 817 818

24 Feb* 13 Mar 3 Mar 20 Feb* 10 Mar 28 Feb* 18 Mar 8 Mar 25 Feb* 15 Mar 5 Mar 22 Feb* 11 Mar 1 Mar* 20 Mar 9 Mar 27 Feb* 16 Mar 6 Mar 23 Feb* 13 Mar 3 Mar* 21 Mar 10 Mar 28 Feb* 18 Mar 8 Mar 25 Feb* 15 Mar 4 Mar 21 Feb* 13 Mar 1 Mar* 19 Mar 9 Mar 26 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar 23 Feb* 14 Mar 2 Mar* 21 Mar 11 Mar 28 Feb* 17 Mar 7 Mar 24 Feb* 16 Mar 4 Mar 21 Feb* 12 Mar

SAKA CALENDAR 1179 Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date Saka

of N e w Year

Saka

of N e w Year

Saka

of N e w Year

Saka

of N e w Year

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian).

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

894

9 7 2 * 19 Mar

895

741

819

792

870

8 Mar

843

921

742

8 2 0 * 19 Mar

793

871

25 Feb*

844

922

973

8 Mar

743

821

9 Mar

794

872*

14 Mar

845

923

21 Mar

896

974

26 Feb*

744

822

26 Feb*

795

873

4 Mar

846

924* 10 Mar

897

975

16 Mar

745

823

17 Mar

796

874

21 Feb*

847

925

27 Feb*

898

976*

4 Mar

746

824*

5 Mar

797

875

12 Mar

848

926

18 Mar

899

977

22 Feb*

747

825

22 Feb*

798

876*

849

927

7 Mar

900

978

13 Mar

748

826

14 Mar

799

877

19 Mar

850

928* 24 Feb*

901

979

749

827

800

878

8 Mar

851

929

902

9 8 0 * 20 Mar

750

8 2 8 * 21 Mar

801

879

26 Feb*

852

930

903

981

9 Mar

751

829

10 Mar

802

880*

16 Mar

853

931

23 Mat

904

982

27 Feb*

752

830

27 Feb*

803

881

6 Mar

854

932*

11 Mar

905

983

18 Mar

753

831

19 Mar

804

882

23 Feb*

855

933

906

984*

6 Mar

754

832*

7 Mar

805

883

13 Mar

856

934

20 Mar

907

985

24 Feb*

9 Mar

908

986

14 Mar

909

987

16 Mar

910

9 8 8 * 22 Mar

1 Mar*

3 Mar*

1 Mar*

13 Mar 2 Mar*

15 Mar 4 Mar*

1 Mar*

3 Mar*

755

833

25 Feb*

806

884*

857

935

756

834

15 Mar

807

885

21 Mar

858

936* 26 Feb*

757

835

4 Mar

808

886

10 Mar

859

937

758

8 3 6 * 22 Feb*

809

887

28 Feb*

860

938

5 Mar

911

989

759

837

810

888* 18 Mar

861

939

23 Feb*

912

990

760

838

811

889

6 Mar

862

940* 13 Mar

913

991

761

839

20 Mar

812

890

24 Feb*

863

941

914

992*

8 Mar

762

840*

8 Mar

813

891

15 Mar

864

942

21 Mar

915

993

25 Feb*

763

841

25 Feb*

814

892*

4 Mar

865

943

10 Mar

916

994

16 Mar

893

21 Feb*

866

944* 27 Feb*

917

995

6 Mar

12 Mar

867

945

18 Mar

918

9 9 6 * 23 Feb*

12 Mar 1 Mar*

2 Mar*

2 Mar*

3 Mar* 11 Mar 1 Mar* 19 Mar

764

842

17 Mar

815

765

843

6 Mar

816

894

766

8 4 4 * 24 Feb*

817

895

868

946

7 Mar

919

997

767

845

818

896*

19 Mar

869

947

24 Feb*

920

998

768

846

819

897

9 Mar

870

948* 14 Mar

921

999

769

847

22 Mar

820

898

26 Feb*

871

949

922

1000* 10 Mar

770

848*

10 Mar

821

899

16 Mar

872

950

23 Mar

923

1001

27 Feb*

771

849

27 Feb*

822

900*

5 Mar

873

951

12 Mar

924

1002

17 Mar

772

850

18 Mar

823

901

22 Feb*

oo

952* 29 Feb*

925

1003

7 Mar

773

851

7 Mar

824

902

14 Mar

875

953

926

1004* 26 Feb*

774

8 5 2 * 25 Feb*

825

903

876

954

8 Mar

927

1005

775

853

15 Mar

826

904* 20 Mar

877

955

25 Feb*

928

1006

776

854

4 Mar

827

905

10 Mar

878

9 5 6 * 16 Mar

929

1007

13 Mar 2 Mar*

1 Mar*

3 Mar*

3 Mar*

19 Mar

13 Mar 2 Mar* 19 Mar

14 Mar 4 Mar* 22 Mar

855

22 Feb*

828

906

27 Feb*

879

957

5 Mar

930

1008* 11 Mar

856*

11 Mar

829

907

17 Mar

880

958

22 Feb*

931

1009

28 Feb*

779

857

28 Feb*

830

908*

7 Mar

881

959

13 Mar

932

1010

19 Mar

780

858

20 Mar

831

909

24 Feb*

882

960*

933

1011

9 Mar

781

859

9 Mar

832

910

15 Mar

883

961

21 Mar

934

1012* 26 Feb*

782

8 6 0 * 26 Feb*

833

911

4 Mar

884

962

10 Mar

935

1013

783

861

16 Mar

834

912* 21 Feb*

885

963

28 Feb*

936

1014

5 Mar

862

6 Mar

835

913

886

964*

17 Mar

937

1015

22 Feb*

785

863

23 Feb*

836

914

887

965

6 Mar

938

1016* 12 Mar

786

864*

13 Mar

837

915

19 Mar

888

966

24 Feb*

939

1017

838

916*

8 Mar

889

967

15 Mar

940

1018

26 Mar 10 Mar

CO 0--.

777 778

3 Mar*

12 Mar 1 Mar*

2 Mar*

15 Mar

2 Mar*

787

865

788

866

21 Mar

839

917

25 Feb*

890

968*

941

1019

789

867

10 Mar

840

918

16 Mar

891

969

22 Mar

942

1020* 27 Feb*

790

8 6 8 * 28 Feb*

841

919

6 Mar

892

970

11 Mar

943

1021

17 Mar

791

869

842

920* 23 Feb*

893

971

944

1022

7 Mar

18 Mar

4 Mar*

1 Mar*

1801SAKA CALENDAR Western Date

Saka Year 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 984 995

Western Date

of N e w Year (Julian)

Saka Year

24 14 3 23 12 29 19 8 25 16 5 22 13 1 21 10 27 17 6 23 15 3 21 11 28 19 8 25 16 4 21 13 2 20 9 27 18 6 24 14 3 22 11 1 19 7 25 16 5 23 12

996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046

1023 1024* 1025 1026 1027 1028* 1029 1030 1031 1032* 1033 1034 1035 1036* 1037 1038 1039 1040* 1041 1042 1043 1044* 1045 1046 1047 1048* 1049 1050 1051 1052» 1053 1054 1055 1056* 1057 1058 1059 1060* 1061 1062 1063 1064* 1065 1066 1067 1068* 1069 1070 1071 1072* 1073

Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar

of New Year (Julian) 1074 1075 1076* 1077 1078 1079 1080* 1081 1082 1083 1084* 1085 1086 1087 1088* 1089 1090 1091 1092* 1093 1094 1095 1096* 1097 1098 1099 1100* 1101 1102 1103 1104* 1105 1106 1107 1108* 1109 1110 1111 1112* 1113 1114 1115 1116* 1117 1118 1119 1120* 1121 1122 1123 1124*

1 21 9 27 17 6 24 14 3 22 10 28 19 8 26 15 5 24 12 2 20 10 27 17 7 24 13 3 22 11 29 18 8 25 15 5 24 12 1 20 10 27 16 6 23 14 3 21 11 28 19

Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar

Western Date

Saka Year 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097

Western Date

of New Year (Julian)

Saka Year

8 25 16 4 23 13 2 19 9 26 18 6 23 14 3 21 11 28 19 7 24 16 5 22 12 1 20 9 26 17 6 24 14 3 22 10 27 19 8 26 15 4 24 15 4 20 9 27 17 6 24

1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148

1125 1126 1127 1128* 1129 1130 1131 1132* 1133 1134 1135 1136* 1137 1138 1139 1140* 1141 1142 1143 1144* 1145 1146 1147 1148* 1149 1150 1151 1152* 1153 1154 1155 1156* 1157 1158 1159 1160* 1161 1162 1163 1164* 1165 1166 1167 1168* 1169 1170 1171 1172* 1173 1174 1175

Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb*

of N e w Year (Julian) 1176* 1177 1178 1179 1180* 1181 1182 1183 1184* 1185 1186 1187 1188* 1189 1190 1191 1192* 1193 1194 1195 1196* 1197 1198 1199 1200* 1201 1202 1203 1204* 1205 1206 1207 1208* 1209 1210 1211 1212* 1213 1214 1215 1216* 1217 1218 1219 1220* 1221 1222 1223 1224* 1225 1226

13 2 22 11 28 17 7 25 15 4 23 12 1 20 9 27 16 6 23 14 3 21 10 28 18 8 25 15 4 23 12 2 19 8 26 17 6 24 13 3 21 10 28 18 7 24 16 5 22 12 1

Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar*

SAKA CALENDAR 1181 Saka Year 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199

Western D a t e of N e w Year (Julian) 1227 1228* 1229 1230 1231 1232* 1233 1234 1235 1236* 1237 1238 1239 1240* 1241 1242 1243 1244* 1245 1246 1247 1248* 1249 1250 1251 1252* 1253 1254 1255 1256* 1257 1258 1259 1260* 1261 1262 1263 1264* 1265 1266 1267 1268* 1269 1270 1271 1272* 1273 1274 1275 1276* 1277

20 Mar 10 Mar 26 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar* 24 Mar 14 Mar 3 Mar* 21 Mar 10 Mar 27 Feb* 18 Mar 8 Mar 25 Feb* 15 Mar 4 Mar* 23 Mar 12 Mar 1 Mar* 19 Mar 9 Mar 26 Feb* 16 Mar 6 Mar* 25 Mar 13 Mar 2 Mar* 22 Mar 11 Mar 28 Feb* 18 Mar 7 Mar 25 Feb* 15 Mar 4 Mar* 23 Mar 12 Mar 29 Feb* 20 Mar 9 Mar 26 Feb* 16 Mar 5 Mar* 25 Mar 12 Mar 2 Mar* 21 Mar 10 Mar 27 Feb* 18 Mar 7 Mar*

Saka Year

Western Date of N e w Year (Julian)

Saka Year

1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1223 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250

1278 25 Mar 1279 15 Mar 1280* 4 Mar* 1281 23 Mar 1282 12 Mar 1 Mar* 1283 1284* 19 Mar 1285 8 Mar 1286 26 Feb* 1287 17 Mar 1288* 6 Mar* 1289 24 Mar 1290 13 Mar 3 Mar* 1291 1292* 21 Mar 1293 10 Mar 1294 28 Feb* 1295 18 Mar 1296* 6 Mar* 1297 26 Mar 1298 15 Mar 5 Mar* 1299 1300* 22 Mar 1301 11 Mar 1302 1 Mar* 1303 20 Mar 1304* 8 Mar 1305 26 Feb* 1306 16 Mar 1307 5 Mar* 1308* 24 Mar 1309 13 Mar 1310 3 Mar* 1311 21 Mar 1312* 9 Mar 1313 27 Feb* 1314 18 Mar 7 Mar* 1315 1316* 26 Mar 1317 15 Mar 1318 4 Mar* 1319 23 Mar 1320* 12 Mar 1321 1 Mar* 1322 19 Mar 1323 9 Mar 1324* 26 Feb* 1325 16 Mar 1326 6 Mar* 1327 24 Mar 1328* 13 Mar

1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301

Western Date of N e w Year (Julian) 1329 1330 1331 1332* 1333 1334 1335 1336* 1337 1338 1339 1340* 1341 1342 1343 1344* 1345 1346 1347 1348* 1349 1350 1351 1352* 1353 1354 1355 1356* 1357 1358 1359 1360* 1361 1362 1363 1364* 1365 1366 1367 1368* 1369 1370 1371 1372* 1373 1374 1375 1376* 1377 1378 1379

2 Mar* 21 Mar 11 Mar 28 Feb* 17 Mar 7 Mar* 26 Mar 14 Mar 4 Mar* 22 Mar 12 Mar 29 Feb* 19 Mar 9 Mar 26 Feb* 15 Mar 5 Mar* 24 Mar 14 Mar 2 Mar* 21 Mar 10 Mar 27 Feb* 18 Mar 7 Mar* 25 Mar 15 Mar 3 Mar* 23 Mar 12 Mar 1 Mar* 19 Mar 8 Mar 26 Feb* 17 Mar 5 Mar* 23 Mar 13 Mar 2 Mar* 21 Mar 10 Mar 27 Feb* 18 Mar 6 Mar* 25 Mar 15 Mar 4 Mar* 22 Mar 11 Mar 28 Feb* 20 Mar

Saka Year 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323

1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 ¡331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352

Western Date of N e w Year (Julian) 1380* 8 Mar 1381 25 Feb* 1382 16 Mar 5 Mar* 1383 1384* 24 Mar 1385 13 Mar 1386 3 Mar* 1387 21 Mar 1388* 9 Mar 1389 27 Feb* 1390 18 Mar 1391 7 Mar* 1392* 25 Mar 1393 14 Mar 1394 3 Mar* 1395 23 Mar 1396* 11 Mar 1397 1 Mar* 1398 19 Mar 1399 8 Mar 1400* 25 Feb* 1401 16 Mar 1402 5 Mar* 1403 24 Mar 1404* 12 Mar 1405 2 Mar* 1406 21 Mar 1407 10 Mar 1408* 28 Feb* 1409 17 Mar 1410 6 Mar* 1411 26 Mar 1412* 14 Mar 1413 3 Mar* 1414 22 Mar 1415 12 Mar 1416* 29 Feb* 1417 19 Mar 1418 9 Mar* 1419 27 Mar 1420* 15 Mar 1421 5 Mar* 1422 24 Mar 1423 13 Mar 1424* 2 Mar* 1425 19 Mar 1426 10 Mar 1427 27 Feb* 1428* 17 Mar 1429 7 Mar* 1430 25 Mar

1821SAKA

CALENDAR

Saka Year

W e s t e r n Date of New Year (Julian)

1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390

1431 1432* 1433 1434 1435 1436* 1437 1438 1439 1440* 1441 1442 1443 1444* 1445 1446 1447 1448* 1449 1450 1451 1452* 1453 1454 1455 1456* 1457 1458 1459 1460* 1461 1462 1463 1464* 1465 1466 1467 1468*

Saka Year 1505 1506 1507 1508 1509 1510 1511

14 3 22 12 1 18 8 27 16 5 23 12 2 20 10 27 18 6 25 15 4 21 11 28 20 8 26 16 5 23 13 2 21 9 26 18 7 24

Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar

Saka Year

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400 1401 1402 1403 1404 1405 1406 1407 1408 1409 1410 1411 1412 1413 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428

1469 1470 1471 1472* 1473 1474 1475 1476* 1477 1478 1479 1480* 1481 1482 1483 1484* 1485 1486 1487 1488* 1489 1490 1491 1492* 1493 1494 1495 1496* 1497 1498 1499 1500* 1501 1502 1503 1504* 1505 1506

Western Date of New Year (Julian) (Gregorian) 1583 1584* 1585 1586 1587 1588* 1589

14 2 22 11 28 18 7

Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar*

24 12 1 21 10 28 17

Mar Mar Apr Mar Mar Mar Mar

Saka Year 15 12 1513 1514 1515 15 16 151 7 1518

14 Mar 3 Mar* 22 Mar 11 Mar 28 Feb* 19 Mar 8 Mar* 26 Mar 16 Mar 5 Mar* 24 Mar 12 Mar 1 Mar* 21 Mar 10 Mar 28 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar* 26 Mar 14 Mar 3 Mar* 22 Mar 11 Mar 29 Feb* 19 Mar 8 Mar* 26 Mar 15 Mar 4 Mar* 24 Mar 13 Mar 1 Mar* 20 Mar 9 Mar 27 Feb* 17 Mar 6 Mar* 25 Mar

Saka Year

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

Saka Year

Western Date of New Year (Julian)

1429 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1459 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 1465 1466

1507 1508* 1509 1510 1511 1512* 1513 1514 1515 1516* 1517 1518 1519 1520* 1521 1522 1523 1524* 1525 1526 1527 1528* 1529 1530 1531 1532* 1533 1534 1535 15 36* 1537 1538 1539 1540* 1541 1542 1543 1544*

1467 1468 1469 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480 1481 1482 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498 1499 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504

1545 1546 1547 1548* 1549 1550 1551 1552* 1553 1554 1555 1556* 1557 1558 1559 1560* 1561 1562 1563 1564* 1565 1566 1567 1568* 1569 1570 1571 1572* 1573 1574 1575 1576* 1577 1578 1579 1580* 1581 1582

Western Date of New Year (Julian) (Gregorian) 1590 1591 1592* 1593 1594 1595 1596*

27 16 4 23 12 1 20

Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar

6 26 14 3 22 11 30

Apr Mar Mar Apr Mar Mar Mar

14 2 22 11 28 18 8 27 16 5 23 12 2 20 10 27 17 6 25 14 4 21 10 26 19 8 26 15 5 23 12 2 20 8 26 17 7 24

Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Feb* Mar Mar* Mar

Saka Year 1519 1520 1521 1522 1523 1524 1525

14 Mar 3 Mar* 22 Mar 11 Mar 28 Feb* 19 Mar 8 Mar* 26 Mar 16 Mar 5 Mar* 23 Mar 12 Mar 1 Mar* 20 Mar 10 Mar* 27 Mar 17 Mar 6 Mar* 25 Mar 14 Mar 3 Mar* 21 Mar 11 Mar 28 Feb* 18 Mar 8 Mar* 26 Mar 15 Mar 4 Mar* 23 Mar 13 Mar 1 Mar* 20 Mar 9 Mar* 29 Mar 17 Mar 6 Mar* 25 Mar

Western Date of New Year (Julian) (Gregorian) 1597 1598 1599 1600* 1601 1602 1603

7 27 17 5 25 14 3

Apr* Mar Mar Mar* Mar Mar Mar*

17 6 27 15 4 24 13

Apr Apr Mar Mar Apr Mar Mar

SAKA CALENDAR 1183

Year

Saka

of N e w Year (Julian)

(Gregorian)

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date Saka

Year

(Julian)

of N e w Year

Saka

of N e w Year (Gregorian)

Year

(Julian)

(Gregorian)

1526

1604*

21 Mar

31 Mar

1576

1654

19 Mar

1626

1704*

25 Mar

5 Apr

1527

1605

10 Mar

20 Mar

1577

1655

26 Feb

8 Mar

1627

1705

15 Mar

26 Mar

1528

1606

27 Feb*

9 Mar

1578

1656*

16 Mar

26 Mar

1628

1706

1529

1607

19 Mar

29 Mar

1579

1657

16 Mar

1629

1707

23 Mar

3 Apr

1530

1608»

7 Mar* 17 Mar

1580

1658

24 Mar

3 Apr

1630

1708*

11 Mar

22 Mar

1531

1609

26 Mar

5 Apr

1581

1659

14 Mar

24 Mar

1631

1709

1532

1610

15 Mar

25 Mar

1582

1660*

12 Mar

1632

1710

1533

1611

5 Mar* 15 Mar

1583

1661

21 Mar

31 Mar

1633

1711

1534

1612*

23 Mar

2 Apr

1584

1662

11 Mar

21 Mar

1634

1712*

27 Mar

7 Apr

1535

1613

12 Mar

22 Mar

1585

1663

28 Feb*

1635

1713

16 Mar

27 Mar

1536

1614

2 Mar* 12 Mar

1586

1664*

1636

1714

1537

1615

30 Mar

1587

1665

17 Mar 7 Mar*

9 Mar 27 Mar 17 Mar

1637

1715

25 Mar

5 Apr

1538

1616*

8 Mar* 18 Mar

1588

1666

26 Mar

5 Apr

1638

1716*

13 Mar

24 Mar

1539

1617

28 Mar

7 Apr

1589

1667

16 Mar

26 Mar

1639

1717

3

1540

1618

17 Mar

27 Mar

1590

1668*

14 Mar

1640

1718

21 Mar

1541

1619

7 Mar* 17 Mar

1591

1669

22 Mar

1 Apr

1641

1719

10 M a r * 21 Mar

1542

1620*

24 Mar

3 Apr

1592

1670

12 Mar

22 Mar

1642

1720*

29 Mar

9 Apr

1543

1621

13 Mar

23 Mar

1593

1671

11 Mar

1643

1721

18 Mar

29 Mar

29 Mar

1644

1722

19 Mar

1645

1723

26 Mar

6 Apr

1646

1724*

14 Mar

25 Mar

20 Mar

9 Mar*

6 Mar*

2 Mar*

4 Mar*

1 Mar* 19 Mar

4 Mar*

15 Mar

1 Mar* 12 Mar 20 Mar

31 Mar

9 Mar* 20 Mar

5 M a r * 16 Mar

M a r * 14 Mar 1 Apr

7 M a r * 18 Mar

1544

1622

3 M a r * 13 Mar

1594

1672*

1545

1623

22 Mar

1 Apr

1595

1673

1546

1624*

10 Mar

20 Mar

1596

1674

27 Mar

6 Apr

1547

1625

28 Feb*

10 Mar

1597

1675

17 Mar

27 Mar

1647

1725

1548

1626

18 Mar

28 Mar

1598

1676*

15 Mar

1648

1726

23 Mar

3 Apr

1549

1627

7 M a r * 17 Mar

1599

1677

25 Mar

4 Apr

1649

1727

12 Mar

23 Mar

1550

1628*

26 Mar

5 Apr

1600

1678

14 Mar

24 Mar

1650

1728*

1551

1629

15 Mar

25 Mar

1601

1679

13 Mar

1651

1729

1552

1630

5 Mar* 15 Mar

1602

1680*

21 Mar

31 Mar

1652

1730

1553

1631

23 Mar

2 Apr

1603

1681

10 Mar*

20 Mar

1653

1731

27 Mar

7 Apr

1554

1632*

11 Mar

21 Mar

1604

1682

29 Mar

8 Apr

1654

1732*

16 Mar

27 Mar

1555

1633

1 Mar* 11 Mar

1605

1683

1556

1634

30 Mar

1606

1684*

19 Mar 7 Mar*

1557

1635

9 Mar* 19 Mar

1607

1685

1558

1636*

27 Mar

6 Apr

1608

1686

1559

1637

16 Mar

26 Mar

1609

1687

1560

1638

6 M a r * 16 Mar

1610

1688*

1561

1639

25 Mar

4 Apr

1611

1689

1562

1640*

13 Mar

23 Mar

1612

1690

3 Mar* 13 Mar

20 Mar

9 Mar*

5 Mar*

3 Mar*

30 Mar 19 Mar

5 Mar* 16 Mar

1655

1733 1734

24 Mar

4 Apr

25 Mar

4 Apr

1657

1735

13 Mar

24 Mar

15 Mar

25 Mar

1658

1736*

14 Mar

1659

1737

21 Mar

23 Mar

2 Apr

1660

1738

10 M a r * 21 Mar

12 Mar

22 Mar

1661

1739

29 Mar

9 Apr

11 Mar

1662

1740*

17 Mar

28 Mar

4 Mar*

1 Mar* 20 Mar

1641

1613

1691

21 Mar

31 Mar

1614

1692*

1565

1643

11 Mar

21 Mar

1615

1693

27 Mar

1566

1644*

28 Feb*

17 Mar

1567

1645

18 Mar

1568

1646

8 Mar*

2 Mar*

13 Mar 1 Apr

7 M a r * 18 Mar

30 Mar

1663

1741

18 Mar

1664

1742

26 Mar

6 Apr

6 Apr 27 Mar

1665

1743

15 Mar

26 Mar

1666

1744*

16 Mar

1667

1745

22 Mar

2 Apr

12 Mar

23 Mar

4 Mar*

15 Mar

9 Mar

1616

1694

28 Mar

1617

1695

8 M a r * 18 Mar

1618

1696*

24 Mar

3 Apr

1668

1746

13 Mar

23 Mar

1669

1747

12 Mar

1670

1748*

1 Apr

1671

1749

21 Mar

1672

1750

27 Mar

7 Apr

8 Apr

167}

1751

16 Mar

27 Mar

29 Mar

1674

1752*

18 Mar

1675

1753

6 Mar*

1569

1647

26 Mar

5 Apr

1619

1697

1570

1648*

15 Mar

25 Mar

1620

1698

1571

1649

14 Mar

1621

1699

1572

1650

23 Mar

2 Apr

1622

1700

10 Mar*

1573

1651

13 Mar

23 Mar

1623

1701

28 Mar

1 M a r * 11 Mar

1624

1702

1625

1703

18 Mar 7 Mar*

1652*

8 Mar*

1656

1642

1653

1 Mar* 12 Mar 19 Mar

17 Mar

1563

1574

15 Mar

29 Mar

1564

1575

4 Mar*

4 Mar*

19 Mar

29 Mar

2 Mar* 22 Mar

1 M a r * 12 Mar 19 Mar

30 Mar

9 Mar* 20 Mar

5 M a r * 16 Mar 25 Mar

5 Apr

1841SAKA CALENDAR Western Date

W e s t e r n Date

Western Date

Western Date

Saka

of N e w Year

Saka

of N e w Year

Saka

of N e w Year

Saka

of N e w Year

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

1676

1754

24 Mar

1727

1805

31 Mar

1778

1856*

6 Apr

1829

1907

1677

1755

13 Mar*

1728

1806

21 Mar*

1779

1857

26 Mar

1830

1908*

2 Apr

1678

1756* 31 Mar

1729

1807

9 Apr

1780

1858

16 Mar*

1831

1909

22 Mar*

1781

1859

4 Apr

1832

1910

11 Apr

1782

1860* 23 Mar*

1833

1911

31 Mar

15 Mar*

1679

1757

20 Mar*

1730

1808* 28 Mar

1680

1758

8 Apr

1731

1809

1681

1759

29 Mar

1732

1810

5 Apr

1783

1861

11 Apr

1834

1682

1912* 19 Mar*

1760* 18 Mar*

1733

1811

25 Mar

1784

1862

31 Mar

1835

1913

7 Apr

1683

1761

6 Apr

1734

1812* 14 Mar*

1785

1863

20 Mar*

1836

1914

27 Mar

1684

1762

26 Mar

1735

1813

2

Apr

1786

1864*

7 Apt

1837

1915

16 Mar*

1685

1763 15 Mar* 1764* 2 Apr

1736

1814

22 Mar

1787

1865

27 Mar

1838

1916*

4 Apr

1737

1815

10 Apr*

1788

1866

16 Mar*

1839

1917

24 Mar*

1686

17 Mar*

1687

1765

22 Mar

1738

1816* 29 Mar

1789

1867

4 Apr

1840

1918

1688

13 Apr

1766

11 Mar*

1739

1817

18 Mar*

1790

1868* 24 Mar

1841

1919

1 Apr

1689

1767

30 Mar

1740

1818

6 Apr

1791

1869

14 Mar*

1842

1920* 20 Mar*

1741

1819

26 Mar

1792

1870

1 Apr

1843

1921

9 Apr

1742

1820* 15 Mar*

1793

1871

22 Mar*

1844

1922

29 Mar 18 Mar*

1690

1768* 19 Mar*

1691

1769

7 Apr

1692

1770

28 Mar

1743

1821

3 Apr

1794

1872*

9 Apr

1845

1923

1693

1771

17 Mar*

1744

1822

24 Mar

1795

1873

30 Mar

1846

1924*

1694

1772*

4 Apr

1745

1823

13 Mar*

1796

1874

18 Mar*

1847

1925

25 Mar

1695

1773

24 Mar

1746

1824* 31 Mar

1797

1875

6 Apr

1848

1926

14 Mar*

1696

1774

13 Mar*

1747

1825

20 Mar*

1798

1876* 26 Mar

1849

1927

3 Apr

1697

1775

1 Apr

1748

1826

8 Apr

1799

1877

16 Mar*

1850

1928* 22 Mar*

28 Mar

1800

1878

3 Apr

1851

1929

10 Apr

1801

1879

23 Mar*

1852

1930

30 Mar 19 Mar*

5 Apr

1698

1776* 20 Mar*

1749

1827

1699

1777

8 Apr

1750

1828* 16 Mar*

1700

1778

29 Mar

1751

1829

4 Apr

1802

1880* 10 Apr

1853

1931

1701

1779

19 Mar*

1752

1830

25 Mar

1803

1881

31 Mar

1854

1932*

7 Apr

1702

1780*

5 Apr

1753

1831

15 Mar*

1804

1882

19 Mar*

1855

1933

26 Mar

1703

1781

25 Mar

1754

1832*

2 Apr

1805

1883

7 Apr

1856

1934

16 Mar*

1704

1782

14 Mar*

1755

1833

22 Mar*

1806

1884* 28 Mar

1857

1935

4 Apr

1705

1783

2 Apr

1756

1834

10 Apr

1807

1885

16 Mar*

1858

1706

1936* 23 Mar*

1784* 22 Mar

1757

1835

30 Mar

1808

1886

4 Apr

1707

1859

1937

1785

11 Mar*

1758

1836* 18 Mar*

1809

1887

25 Mar

1860

1938

1 Apr

1708

1786

30 Mar

1759

1837

6 Apr

1810

1888* 13 Mar*

1861

1939

22 Mar*

12 Apr

1709

1787

20 Mar*

1760

1838

26 Mar

1811

1889

1 Apr

1862

1940*

8 Apr

1710

1788*

7 Apr

1761

1839

16 Mar*

1812

1890

22 Mar*

1863

1941

28 Mar

1711

1789

27 Mar

1762

1840*

1891

9 Apr

1864

1942

18 Mar*

1790

16 Mar*

1763

1841

3 Apr 24 Mar*

1813

1712

1814

1892* 29 Mar

1865

1713

1791

4 Apr

1764

1842

11 Apr

1815

1893

18 Mar*

1866

1714

6 Apr 1943 1944» 25 Mar

1792* 23 Mar

1765

1843

31 Mar

1816

1894

6 Apr

1867

1945

1715

1793

13 Mar*

1766

1844* 19 Mar*

1817

1895

26 Mar

1868

1946

2 Apr

1716

1794

1 Apr

1767

1845

7 Apr

1818

1896* 15 Mar*

1869

1947

22 Mar*

1717

1795

21 Mar*

1768

1846

28 Mar

1819

1897

2 Apr

1870

1948* 10 Apr

1718

1796*

8 Apr

1769

1847

17 Mar*

1820

1898

23 Mar*

1871

1949

30 Mar

1719

1797

29 Mar

1770

1848*

4 Apr

1821

1899

1 Apr

1872

1950

20 Mar*

1720

1798

18 Mar*

1771

1849

25 Mar

1822

1900

31 Mar

1873

1951

7 Apr

1721

1799

6 Apr

1772

1850

14 Mar*

1823

1901

20 Mar*

1874

1952* 26 Mar

1722

1800

26 Mar

1773

1851

2 Apr

1824

1902

9 Apr

1875

1953

1723

1801

15 Mar*

1774

1852* 21 Mar*

1825

1903

28 Mar

1876

1954

4 Apr

1724

1802

3 Apr

1775

1853

10 Apr

1826

1904* 17 Mar*

1877

1955

24 Mar*

1725

1803

24 Mar

1776

1854

29 Mar

1827

1905

6 Apr

1878

1956* 11 Apr

1726

1804* 12 Mar*

1777

1855

19 Mar*

1828

1906

26 Mar

1879

1957

15 Mar*

16 Mar*

30 Mar

SAKA CALENDARI 185 Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date Saka

of N e w Year

Saka

o f N e w Year

Saka

o f N e w Year

Saka

o f N e w Year

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

Year

(Julian)

1880

1958

20 M a r *

1891

1969

19 M a r *

1902

1980* 17 Mar*

1913

1991

1881

1959

9 Apr

1892

1970

7 Apr

1903

1981

5 Apr

1914

1992*

3 Apr

1882

I 9 6 0 * 28 Mar

1893

1971

28 Mar

1904

1982

26 Mar*

1915

1993

24 M a r *

1883

1961

18 M a r *

1894

1972*

16 Mar*

1905

1983

15 Apr

1916

1994

13 Apr

1884

1962

5 Apr

1895

1973

3 Apr

1906

1984*

1 Apr

1917

1995

1 Apr

1885

1963

25 Mar

1896

1974

24 Mar*

1907

1985

22 Mar*

1918

1996* 20 Mar*

1886

1964*

14 M a r *

1897

1975

12 Apr

1908

1986

10 Apr

1919

1997

8 Apr

1887

1965

2 Apr

1898

1976* 31 Mar

1909

1987

31 Mar

1920

1998

29 Mar

1888

1966

22 M a r *

1899

1977

21 Mar*

1910

1988*

19 Mar*

1921

1999

18 Mar*

1889

1967

10 Apr

1900

1978

8 Apr

1911

1989

6 Apr

1922

2000*

5 Apr

1890

1968* 30 Mar

1901

1979

29 Mar

1912

1990

27 Mar

16 M a r *

SOUTHEAST ASIA

SOUTHEAST ASIA Asia has been the site of numerous civilizations throughout its long history. Nations have risen only to be conquered by outside invaders. Indigeneous cultures and religions have developed and been influenced by outside forces. This great panorama is reflected in the calendars of the region. Early in history, this area consisted of a series of independent principalities which based their time reckonings on the ancient Kali Yuga, an era dating back to January 21, 3102 B.C., which in turn is said to be based on a much older time scale. In the 11th century, Islam began to spread to the East, and within a short time, Southeast Asia was almost entirely controlled by Muslim governments. Local observatories were destroyed and the use of indigenous calendars officially prohibited. In the 16th century European influence began to penetrate the area, and, as colonization progressed, the Western calendar was imposed. In the 20th century, when these countries regained their independence, the local calendars were often revived and used in conjunction with the Gregorian. In addition to these dominant calendars, a number of others were employed, including the Zoroastrian. During the 16th and 17th centuries, Akabar, Mogul emperor of India from 1556 to 1605, imposed his calendar on the empire. Akbar had become disillusioned with orthodox Islam and promulgated an eclectic creed of his own, derived from Islam, Zoroastrianism, Hinduism and Christ-

ianity. In 1582 he outlawed the Islamic calendar and instituted a solar tropical one which had its epoch at the year of his ascension to the throne, February 19, 1556. His creed died out soon after his death, but the calendar is still used in some areas. The Gregorian form of this calendar is given below, for dates prior to 1582 subtract 10 days. During the reign of the Emperor Shah Jehan, Islam was restored as the official religion of the Mogul Empire, and in 1636, another calendar was instituted, the Fasli Deccan. It is probably a variant of the Kali Yuga, although there is a two week discrepancy in the zodiacal patterns. In the 19th century the Madras government declared its epoch to be July 12, 590 A.D. The Parasurama calendar was also used in portions of the region. It is a strictly solar calendar based on the Kali Yuga. In addition to the 60 year cycle of the Kali Yuga, it uses a cycle of 1000 years. At the end of this cycle, the calculations begin over again. Its epoch is the year 1176 B.C., so the first year of the second cycle was the year 176 B.C.; the first year of the third cycle was 825 A.D. The fourth cycle began in 1825 A.D.. The year 2000 will be the 175th year of the fifth cycle. Another peculiarity of this calendar is that the new year begins with the entry of the sun into the sign of Virgo by the sidereal year, rather than at one of the solstices or equinoxes.

189

1901 SOUTHEAST ASIA BUDDHIST CALENDAR The Buddhist calendar is used extensively in Southeast Asia. Originating in India, it is a lunar calendar that uses intercalations to bring the lunar year in line with the sidereal solar year. It differs from the Saka calendar in that the year is considered to begin with the full moon in the zodiacal m o n t h of Taurus (May). It is used in India as well as in the following areas:

CAMBODIA, LAOS AND VIETNAM Prior to the Communist takeover of these nations, the Buddhist calendar was used for religious purposes w i t h t h e Gregorian calendar employed for political and commercial purposes. In Vietnam, with its large Chinese population, the Chinese calendar was also used for religious purposes.

SRI LANKA Although Ceylon officially utilized the Western calendar since the colonial period, the Buddhist p o p u l a t i o n always used t h e B u d d h i s t calendar for religious purposes and holidays. After Sri Lanka gained its independence in 1966, the government attempted to make this the official calendar. It was employed officially from 1966 until 1971, when it was again replaced by the Western calendar because of the difficulties of using t h e Buddhist calendar in international commerce.

THAILAND Thailand, a largely Buddhist country, uses that calendar except for international commerce and political purposes.

BURMA While the old Buddhist calendar is observed and the religious New Year is celebrated with the full moon in May, the Burmese also follow the system of the solar sidereal year, and the official New Year is celebrated with the entry of the Sun into the sign of Aries according to the sidereal zodiac. This New Year is called Thingyan Tet, and except in the section of Burma called Arakan, the N e w Year cannot begin until the hour, minute and second at which the Sun enters Aries. In Arakan only the day is observed. The calendar is given below.

AKBAR CALENDAR Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Akbar

(Gregorian)

Akbar

(Gregorian)

Akbar

(Gregorian)

Akbar

(Gregorian)

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

23 24

1578

20 Feb

34

1589

1579

20 Feb

35

1590

21 Feb

25

1580*

20 Feb

36

26 27

1581

21 F e b

37

1591 1592*

21 Feb 20 Feb

1582

21 Feb

38

1583 1584*

21 F e b

1593 1594

21 Feb 21 Feb

20 Feb

39 40

1595

21 Feb

1585

21 F e b

41

1596*

20 Feb

31 32

1586

21 Feb

42

1597

21 Feb

1587

21 F e b

1598

21 Feb

33

1588*

20 Feb

43 44

1599

21 Feb

1

1556*

2

1557

19 F e b 20 Feb

3 4

1558

20 Feb

1559 1560*

20 Feb

15

1570

20 Feb

16 17

1571

20 Feb

1572* 1573 1574

19 F e b 2 0 Feb

5

12

1567

20 Feb

13 14

1568*

19 F e b 20 Feb

6 7

1561

19 F e b 20 Feb

1562

20 Feb

18

8

1563 1564*

20 Feb 19 F e b

19 20

1565 1566

20 Feb 20 Feb

9 10 11

1569

20 Feb

1575

20 Feb

21

1576*

22

1577

19 F e b 20 Feb

28 29 30

21 Feb

A K B A R C A L E N D A R 1191

Akbar Year 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95

Western Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r

Akbar Year

Western Date (Gregorian) of N e w Year

1600* 1601 1602 1603 1604* 1605 1606 1607 1608* 1609 1610 1611 1612* 1613 1614 1615 1616* 1617 1618 1619 1620* 1621 1622 1623 1624* 1625 1626 1627 1628* 1629 1630 1631 1632* 1633 1634 1635 1636* 1637 1638 1639 1640* 1641 1642 1643 1644* 1645 1646 1647 1648* 1649 1650

96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146

1651 1652* 1653 1654 1655 1656* 1657 1658 1659 1660* 1661 1662 1663 1664* 1665 1666 1667 1668* 1669 1670 1671 1672* 1673 1674 1675 1676* 1677 1678 1679 1680* 1681 1682 1683 1684* 1685 1686 1687 1688* 1689 1690 1691 1692* 1693 1694 1695 1696* 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701

20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 22 23

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

Akbar Year 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197

W e s t e r n Date (Gregorian) of N e w Year

Akbar Year

Western Date (Gregorian) of N e w Year

1702 1703 1704* 1705 1706 1707 1708* 1709 1710 1711 1712* 1713 1714 1715 1716* 1717 1718 1719 1720* 1721 1722 1723 1724* 1725 1726 1727 1728* 1729 1730 1731 1732* 1733 1734 1735 1736* 1737 1738 1739 1740* 1741 1742 1743 1744* 1745 1746 1747 1748* 1749 1750 1751 1752*

198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248

1753 1754 1755 1756* 1757 1758 1759 1760* 1761 1762 1763 1764* 1765 1766 1767 1768* 1769 1770 1771 1772* 1773 1774 1775 1776* 1777 1778 1779 1780* 1781 1782 1783 1784* 1785 1786 1787 1788* 1789 1790 1791 1792* 1793 1794 1795 1796* 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803

23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

23 23 23 22 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

1921AKBAR

CALENDAR

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Western Date

Akbar

(Gregorian)

Akbar

(Gregorian)

Akbar

(Gregorian)

Akbar

(Gregorian)

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 • 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297

1804* 1805 1806 1807 1808* 1809 1810 1811 1812* 1813 1814 1815 1816* 1817 1818 1819 1820* 1821 1822 1823 1824* 1825 1826 1827 1828* 1829 1830 1831 1832* 1833 1834 1835 1836« 1837 1838 1839 1840* 1841 1842 1843 1844* 1845 1846 1847 1848* 1849 1850 1851 1852*

23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 24

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Fc-b Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346

1853 1854 1855 1856* 1857 1858 1859 1860* 1861 1862 1863 1864* 1865 1866 1867 1868* 1869 1870 1871 1872* 1873 1874 1875 1876* 1877 1878 1879 1880* 1881 1882 1883 1884* 1885 1886 1887 1888* 1889 1890 1891 1892* 1893 1894 1895 1896* 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901

25 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 24 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 24 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 24 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 24 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 24 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 24 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 25 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 25 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 25 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 25 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 25 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 26 Feb 25 Feb 26 Feb

347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394

1902 1903 1904* 1905 1906 1907 1908* 1909 1910 1911 1912* 1913 1914 1915 1916* 1917 1918 1919 1920* 1921 1922 1923 1924* 1925 1926 1927 1928* 1929 1930 1931 1932* 1933 1934 1935 1936* 1937 1938 1939 1940* 1941 1942 1943 1944* 1945 1946 1947 1948* 1949

26 26 25 26 26 26 25 26 26 26 25 26 26 26 25 26 26 26 25 26 26 26 25 26 26 26 25 26 26 26 25 26 26 26 25 26 26 26 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442

1950 1951 1952* 1953 1954 1955 1956* 1957 1958 1959 I960* 1961 1962 1963 1964* 1965 1966 1967 1968* 1969 1970 1971 1972* 1973 1974 1975 1976* 1977 1978 1979 1980* 1981 1982 1983 1984* 1985 1986 1987 1988* 1989 1990 1991 1992* 1993 1994 1995 1996* 1997

27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27 27 27 26 27

Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb Feb

FASLI DECCAN CALENDAR Fasli Deccan Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49

Western Date (Gregorian) of N e w Year 590 591 592* 593 594 595 596* 597 598 599 600* 601 602 603 604* 605 606 607 608* 609 610 611 612* 613 614 615 616* 617 618 619 620* 621 622 623 624* 625 626 627 628* 629 630 631 632* 633 634 635 636* 637 638

12 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 11 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 11 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 11 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 11 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 11 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 11 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 12 J u l 13 J u l 13 J u l 13 J u l 12 J u i 13 J u l 13 J u l 13 J u l 12 J u l 13 J u l 13 J u l 13 J u l 12 J u l 13 J u l 13 J u l 13 J u l 12 J u l 13 J u l 13 J u l 13 J u l 12 J u l 13 J u l

Fasli Deccan Year 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98

W e s t e r n Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r 639 640* 641 642 643 644* 645 646 647 648* 649 650 651 652* 653 654 655 656* 657 658 659 660* 661 662 663 664* 665 666 667 668* 669 670 671 672* 673 674 675 676* 677 678 679 680* 681 682 683 684* 685 686 687

13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 13 14 14

ul ul ul ul ul ul 111 ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul

Fasli Deccan Year 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147

193

W e s t e r n Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r

Fasli Deccan Year

Western Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r

688* 689 690 691 692* 693 694 695 696* 697 698 699 700* 701 702 703 704* 705 706 707 708* 709 710 711 712* 713 714 715 716* 717 718 719 720* 721 722 723 724* 725 726 727 728* 729 730 731 732* 733 734 735 736*

148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196

737 738 739 740* 741 742 743 744* 745 746 747 748* 749 750 751 752* 753 754 755 756* 757 758 759 760* 761 762 763 764* 765 766 767 768* 769 770 771 772* 773 774 775 776* 777 778 779 780* 781 782 783 784* 785

14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 It 13 14 14 14

ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul

13 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14

Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jui Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul

1941 FASLl DECCAN Fasli Deccan Year 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247

Western Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r 786 787 788* 789 790 791 792* 793 794 795 796* 797 798 799 800* 801 802 803 804* 805 806 807 808* 809 810 811 812* 813 814 815 816* 817 818 819 820* 821 822 823 824* 825 826 827 828* 829 830 831 832* 833 834 835 836*

15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15

ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ui ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul

CALENDAR Fasli Deccan Year 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 25258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298

Western Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r

Fasli Deccan Year

W e s t e r n Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r

837 838 839 840* 841 842 843 844* 845 846 847 848* 849 850 851 852* 853 854 855 856* 857 858 859 860* 861 862 863 864* 865 866 867 868* 869 870 871 872* 873 874 875 876* 877 878 879 880* 881 882 883 884* 885 886 887

299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 345 344 345 346 347 348 349

888* 889 890 891 892* 893 894 895 896* 897 898 899 900* 901 902 903 904* 905 906 907 908* 909 910 911 912* 913 914 915 916* 917 918 919 920* 921 922 923 924* 925 926 927 928* 929 930 931 932* 933 934 935 936« 937 938

14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16

Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul

16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17

ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul

Fasli Deccan Year 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400

Western Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r 939 940* 941 942 943 944* 945 946 947 948* 949 950 951 952* 953 954 955 956* 957 958 959 960* 961 962 963 964* 965 966 967 968* 969 970 971 972* 973 974 975 976* 977 978 979 980* 981 982 983 984* 985 986 987 988* 989

17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 17 18 18 18 17

Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul

FASLIDECCAN

CALENDAR 1195

Fasli

Western Date

Fasli

Western Date

Fasli

Western Date

Fasli

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

401

990

18 ul

452

1041

18 Jul

402

991

18 ul

1042

19 Jul

503 504

403 404

992* 18 ul

453 454

1043

19 Jul

505

1094

993

17 ul

455

506

1095

507

Western Date

554

1143

555

1144* 20 Jul

19 Jul

556

1145

19 Jul

557

1146

19 Jul 20 Jul

558

1147

20 Jul

1148* 20 Jul

1092* 19 Jul 1093 18 Jul

405

994

18 ul

456

1044* 19 Jul 1045 18 Jul

406 407

995 18 ul 996* 18 ul

457

1046

19 Jul

508

1096* 19 Jul 1097 18 Jul

458

509

1098

19 Jul

408

997

17 ul

459

1047 19 Jul 1048* 19 Jul

559 560

510

1099

19 Jul

561

409 410

998

18 ul

460

1049

18 Jul

511

999 18 ul 1000* 18 ul 1001 17 ul

461

1050

19 Jul

512

1100* 19 Jul 1101 19 Jul

462

513 514 515

1104* 20 Jul

19 Jul

516

1105

19 Jul

20 Jul

19 Jul

1149 1150

20 Jul

562

1151

20 Jul

1152* 20 Jul

1102

20 Jul

563 564

1103

20 Jul

565

1153 1154

19 Jul 20 Jul

566

1155

20 Jul

567

1156* 20 Jul

18 ul

464

1051 19 Jul 1052* 19 Jul 1053 18 Jul

465

1054

466

1055

1106

20 Jul

568

1157

19 Jul

467

19 Jul 1056* 19 Jul

517

416

1003 18 ul 1004* 18 ul 1005 17 ul

518

1107

20 Jul

569

1158

20 Jul

417

1006

18 ul

468

1057

18 Jul

519

1108* 20 Jul

570

1159

20 Jul

418

1007

18 ul

469 470

1058

19 Jul

520

1160* 20 Jul

19 Jul

521

19 Jul 20 Jul

571

1059

1109 1110

572

1161

20 Jul

1060* 19 Jul

522

1111

20 Jul

573 574

1162

21 Jul

411 412 413 414 415

1002

463

1008* 18 ul 17 ul

471

421

1009 1010

18 ul

472

1061

18 Jul

523

1112* 20 Jul

422

1011

18 ul

1062

19 Jul

524

1012* 18 ul

473 474

19 Jul 20 Jul

17 ul

4^5

1063 19 Jul 1064* 19 Jul

1113 1114 1115

20 Jul

1116* 20 Jul 1117

581

1169 1170

21 Jul 21 Jul

419 420

1013 1014

18 ul

476

1065

18 Jul

525 526 527

426 427

1015

18 ul

477

1066

19 Jul

528

428

1017

429 430

1018 1019

431 432 433 434

423 424 425

575

1163 21 Jul 1164* 21 Jul

576 577

1165 1166

21 Jul

578

1167

21 Jul

579 580

1168* 21 Jul

20 Jul

1016* 18 ul

478

1067

19 Jul

529

1118

19 Jul 20 Jul

17 ul

479

1068* 19 Jul

530

1119

20 Jul

18 ul

480

582

1171

19 Jul

531 532

1120* 20 Jul

481

1069 1070

18 Jul

18 ul

1121

482

1071

19 Jul

533

1122

583 584

1172* 21 Jul

1020* 18 ul

19 Jul 20 Jul

1173

20 Jul

1021

17 ul

483

1072* 19 Jul

534

585

1174

21 Jul

1022

18 ul

484

18 Jul

535

586

485 486 487

19 Jul

536 537

19 Jul 20 Jul

587

19 Jul 1076* 19 Jul

1125 1126

1175 21 Jul 1176* 21 Jul

435 436

1023 18 ul 1024* 18 ul 1025 17 ul

1073 1074

1123 20 Jul 1124* 20 Jul

588

1177

20 Jul

538

1127

2(1 Jul

1178

21 Jul

437

1026

18 ul

488

1077

18 Jul

539

1128* 20 Jul

589 590

1179

21 Jul

438

1027

18 ul

1078

1028* 18 ul

19 Jul 19 Jul

540 541

1129 1130

19 Jul 20 Jul

591 592

1180* 21 Jul

439 440

489 490

1181

20 Jul

542

593 594

21 Jul

18 ul

1131 20 Jul 1132* 20 Jul

1182

441

491 492

1031 18 ul 1032* 18 ul

493 494

1033

17 ul

445

1034

18 ul

495 496

446

1035

18 ul

447 448 449 450

442 443 444

451

1029 1030

17 ul

1075

1079 1080* 19 Jul

20 Jul

19 Jul

595

1083 19 Jul 1084* 19 Jul

545

1133 1134

1183 21 Jul 1184* 21 Jul

20 Jul

596

1185

20 Jul

546

1135

20 Jul

597

1186

21 Jul

1085

18 Jul

547

1136* 20 Jul

598

1187

21 Jul

497

1086

19 Jul

548

1137

19 Jul

599

1188* 21 Jul

1036* 18 ul

498

1087

19 Jul

549

1138

20 Jul

600

1037

17 ul

601 602

1090

19 Jul

551 552

1139 20 Jul 1140* 20 Jul

1189 1190

18 ul

1088* 19 Jul 1089 18 Jul

550

1038

499 500 501

1141

502

1091

19 Jul

553

603 604

1039 18 ul 1040* 18 ul

1081

18 Jul

1082

19 Jul

543 544

1142

19 Jul 20 Jul

20 Jul 21 Jul

1191 21 Jul 1192* 21 Jul 1193

20 Jul

196 / FASL1DECCAN

CALENDAR

Fasli Deccan Year

Fasli Deccan Year

605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655

Western Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r 1194 1195 1196* 1197 1198 1199 1200* 1201 1202 1203 1204* 1205 1206 1207 1208* 1209 1210 1211 1212* 1213 1214 1215 1216* 1217 1218 1219 1220* 1221 1222 1223 1224* 1225 1226 1227 1228* 1229 1230 1231 1232* 1233 1234 1235 1236* 1237 1238 1239 1240* 1241 1242 1243 1244*

21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22

ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul u'

656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706

W e s t e r n Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y ear 1245 1246 1247 1248* 1249 1250 1251 1252* 1253 1254 1255 1256* 1257 1258 1259 1260* 1261 1262 1263 1264* 1265 1266 1267 1268* 1269 1270 1271 1272* 1273 1274 1275 1276* 1277 1278 1279 1280* 1281 1282 1283 1284* 1285 1286 1287 1288* 1289 1290 1291 1292* 1293 1294 1295

21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23

ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul

Fasli Deccan Year

W e s t e r n Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r

707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757

1296* 1297 1298 1299 1300* 1301 1302 1303 1304* 1305 1306 1307 1308* 1309 1310 1311 1312* 1313 1314 1315 1316* 1317 1318 1319 1320* 1321 1322 1323 1324* 1325 1326 1327 1328* 1329 1330 1331 1332* 1333 1334 1335 1336* 1337 1338 1339 1340* 1341 1342 1343 1344* 1345 1346

23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 23 24

ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul

Fasli Deccan Year 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808

W e s t e r n Date (Gregorian) of N e w Y e a r 1347 1348* 1349 1350 1351 1352* 1353 1354 1355 1356* 1357 1358 1359 1360* 1361 1362 1363 1364* 1365 1366 1367 1368* 1369 1370 1371 1372* 1373 1374 1375 1376* 1377 1378 1379 1380* 1381 1382 1383 1384* 1385 1386 1387 1388* 1389 1390 1391 1392* 1393 1394 1395 1396* 1397

24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 24

Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul Jul

FASLIDECCAN CALENDAR 1191 Western Date

Fasli

Western Date

Fasli

Western Date

Fasli

Western Date

Fasli

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

9U 912

1500* 26

ul

962

1551

1501

25

ul

1552* 27 Jul

1502

26 ul

963 964

1503

26 ul

965

27 Jul

25 ul

860

ul

ul

861

1449 1450

24 25

ul

811

1399 25 1400* 25

ul

862

1451

25

ul

812

1401

24

ul

1452* 25

ul

813 814

1402

25

ul

863 864

ul

915

1504* 26 ul

25

ul

865

1453 1454

24

1403

25

ul

916

1505

25 ul

815

1404* 25

ul

866

1455

25

ul

917

1506

26 ul

968

1557

26 Jul

816

1405

24

ul

867

1456* 25

ul

918

1507

26

ul

969

1558

27 Jul

919 920

1508* 26 ul

970

1559

27 Jul

ul

971

1560* 27 Jul

809 810

1398

817

1406

25

ul

868

1457

24 ul

818

1407

25

ul

1458

25

1408* 25 24

ul

869 870

ul

871

821

1409 1410

25

ul

872

822

1411

25

ul

823 824

1412* 25 1413 24

ul

873 874

825

1414

25

ul

875 876

826

1415

25

ul

877

819 820

ul

ul

1459 25 ul 1460* 25 ul 1461 25 ul

913 914

1553 1554

26 Jul 27 Jul

966

1555

27 Jul

967

1556* 27 Jul

25

921

1509 1510

26 ul

972

1561

26 Jul

922

1511

26 ul

1562

27 Jul

ul

973 974

925

1513 1514

25 ul 26 ul

975 976

1565

26 Jul

926

1515

26 ul

977

1566

27 Jul

25 ul

927

1516* 26 ul

978

1567

27 Jul

1466

26

928

1517

25

ul

1568* 27 Jul

26 ul

929

1518

26 ul

979 980

930

26

ul

923 924

1463 26 1464* 26

ul ul

1465

1462

ul

1512* 26

827

1416* 25

ul

878

1467

828

1417

24

ul

1468* 26

ul

1469

25

ul

931

1519 26 ul 1520* 26 ul

1470

26 ul

932

1521

26 ul 27

1563 27 Jul 1564* 27 Jul

1569 1570

26 Jul 27 Jul

982

1571

27 Jul

983

1572* 27 Jul

981

829

1418

25

ul

879 880

830

1419

25

ul

881

831 832

1420* 25 24

ul

882

1471

26 ul

933

1522

ul

984

1573

26 Jul

1421

ul

1472* 26 ul

934

1574

27 Jul

25

ul

986

ul

885

25 ul 26 ul

935

1423 25 1424* 25

1473 1474

936

1523 27 ul 1524* 27 ul 1525 26 ul

985

1422

883 884

1575 27 Jul 1576* 27 Jul

ul

886

1475

26 ul

937

1526

27

ul

988

1577

26 Jul

24

ul

887

1476* 26 ul

938

1527

27

ul

1578

27 Jul

939 940

1528* 27 ul

989 990

1529

26 ul

991

27

833 834 835 836

987

837

1425 1426

25

ul

888

1477

838

1427

25

ul

889

1478

25 ul 26 ul

839 840

1428* 25

ul

890

1479

26 ul

941

1530

ul

992

1581

27 Jul

1429

24

ul

1480* 26 ul

942

25

ul

1481

25 ul

842

1431

25

ul

893

1482

26

ul

943 944

993 994

28 Jul

1430

1531 27 ul 1532* 27 ul

1582

841

891 892

843

1432* 25

ul

894

1483

26 ul

945

844

24

ul

895

1484* 26 ul

845

1433 1434

25

ul

896

1485

846

1435

25

ul

897

1486

898

1487

899 900

847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854

1436* 25 ul 24 ul

1437 1438

25

ul

1439 25 ul 1440* 25 ul 1441 24 ul 1442

25 ul

901 902 903 904

1533 1534

26 ul

995

1583 28 Jul 1584* 28 Jul

27

ul

996

1585

27 Jul

1535

27

ul

997

1586

28 Jul

25 ul

9 46 947

1536* 27 ul

998

1587

28 Jul

26 ul

948

1537

26 ul

26 ul

1538

27 ul

1488* 26 ul

949 950

999 1000

25 ul 26 ul

951 952

1491 26 ul 1492* 26 ul

953 954

1493 1494

25 ul 26 ul

955

1542 27 ul 1543 27 ul 1544* 27 ul

956

1545

26

ul

1489 1490

1539 27 ul 1540* 27 ul

1001

1541

1003 1004

26 ul

1005

1589 1590

27 Jul 28 Jul

1591 28 Jul 1592* 28 Jul 1593 1594

27 Jul 28 Jul 28 Jul

1006

1595

1596* 28 Jul

ul

1008

1597

27 Jul

ul

1598

28 Jul

ul

1009 1010

26

ul

1011

1599 28 Jul 1600* 28 Jul

27

ul

1012

1601

906

1495

26 ul

957

1546

856

907

1496* 26 ul

958

1547

27 27

857

1446

25

ul

908

1497

1447

25

ul

1498

1549

859

1448* 25

ul

909 910

959 960

1548* 27

858

25 ul 26 ul

1499

26 ul

961

1550

855

1002

1588* 28 Jul

1007

1443 25 ul 1444* 25 ul 1445 24 ul

905

1579 27 Jul 1580* 27 Jul

27 Jul

1981FASLIDECCAN

CALENDAR

Fasli

Western Date

Fasli

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Western Date

Fasli

Western Date

Deccan

Fasli

Year

of New Year

(Gregorian)

Deccan

Year

(Gregorian)

of New Year

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Western Date

1013

1602

28 Jul

1014

1064

1115

1704

30 Jul

1065

1653 1654

28 Jul

1166

1015

1603 28 Jul 1604«' 28 Jul

29 Jul

1116

1705

29 Jul

1066

1167

1655

1117

1756*

29 Jul

1706

30 Jul

1168

1757

1755

1016

1605

27 Jul

1067

1017

1656

1606

28 Jul

29 Jul

1118

1707

30 Jul

1068

1758

1607

28 Jul

28 Jul

1169

1018

1657

1119

1708

30 Jul

1608'' 28 Jul

1658

29 Jul

1120

1759

1019 1020

1069 1070

1170

1121

29 Jul 30 Jul

1760*

27 Jul

29 Jul

1709 1710

1171

1609

1071

1172

1761

1021

1610

28 Jul

1659 1660

1711

1611

28 Jul

1712

1612' 1 28 Jul

1073 1074

1662

1173 1174

1023 1024

29 Jul

1123 1124

30 Jul 30 Jul

1762

1022

1661

29 Jul 28 Jul

1122

1072

1763 1764*

27 Jul

1125

29 Jul 30 Jul

1175

1075

1176

1765

1025

1613 1614

1713 1714

28 Jul

1126

1715

30 Jul

1076

1177

1766

1026

1615

28 Jul

1127

1716« 30 Jul

1077

1767

1027

1666

1178

1616* 28 Jul

29 Jul

1128

1717

1078

29 Jul

1768*

1617

27 Jul

29 Jul

1179

1028

1667

1129

1718

30 Jul

1079

1618

28 Jul

1130

1769

1029

1668* 29 Jul

1180

1719

30 Jul

1080

1181

1619

28 Jul

28 Jul

1770

1030

1131

1720* 30 Jul

1081

1669 1670

1182

1771

1031

1620* 28 Jul

29 Jul

1132

1721

29 Jul

1082

1772*

1032

1671

1183

1621

27 Jul

1033 1034

1622

29 Jul 1672* 29 Jul

28 Jul

1133 1134

1722

1083 1084

28 Jul

1085 1086

1135 1136

1036

1623 28 Jul 1624* 28 Jul 1625 27 Jul

1673 1674

1773 1774

1675

1037

1626

28 Jul

1038

1088

1627

28 Jul

1039 1040

1663 29 Jul 1664' 29 Jul 1665 28 Jul

29 Jul

30 Jul

1184

1723 30 Jul 1724* 30 Jul

1185 1186

29 Jul

1187

30 Jul

1188

1777

30 Jul

1189 1190

1778

29 Jul

1191

1780*

30 Jul 30 Jul

1192

1781

1193 1194

1782

1775 1776*

29 Jul

1137

1725 1726

1138

1727

1139

1728* 30 Jul

1089

1628* 28 Jul

1676* 29 Jul 1677 28 Jul 1678 29 Jul

1140

1090

1629

27 Jul

1679

1141

1041

1630

28 Jul

1091 1092

1142

1731

1042

1631

28 Jul

29 Jul 1680* 29 Jul 1681 28 Jul

1729 1730

1143

1732* 30 Jul

1043

1093

1682

1632* 28 Jul

29 Jul

1144

1733

29 Jul

1195

1784*

1044

1094

1633 1634

27 Jul

1145

1734

30 Jul

1095

1196

1785

28 Jul

1146

1735

30 Jul

1096

1683 29 Jul 1684* 29 Jul 1685 28 Jul

1197

1786

1147

1736* 30 Jul

1198

1787

1035

1045

1087

1779

1046

1635

28 Jul

1097

1686

1636* 28 Jul

29 Jul

1148

1737

29 Jul

1637 1638

1687

1788*

1048

1098

1199

27 Jul 28 Jul

29 Jul

1738

30 Jul

1099 1100

1200 1201

1789 1790

1639 28 Jul 1640* 28 Jul 1641 28 Jul

1101

1688* 29 Jul 1689 28 Jul 1690 29 Jul

1149 1150

1050 1051 1052 1053 1054

1642

28 Jul

1643

29 Jul

1055 1056

1644* 29 Jul 1645 28 Jul

1057

1646

1058

1647

1102

1151 1152

1739 30 Jul 1740* 30 Jul 1741 29 Jul 1742 30 Jul

1202

1791

1203 1204

1792*

1205 1206

1691 29 Jul 1692* 29 Jul 1693 28 Jul

1153 1154 1155

1743 30 Jul 1744* 30 Jul

1105 1106

1694

29 Jul 29 Jul

1156

1745

1157

1107

1103 1104

1695

1793 1794 1795

1207

1796*

1746

29 Jul 30 Jul

1208

1797

1747

30 Jul

1108

1696* 29 Jul 1697 28 Jul

1158

29 Jul

1209

1798

1159

1748* 30 Jul

1109

1698

29 Jul

1160

1059 1060

29 Jul 1648* 29 Jul 1649 28 Jul

1210

1749

1110

29 Jul

1211

1799 1800*

1161

1750

30 Jul

1212

1801

1061

1162

1650

1751

30 Jul

29 Jul

1112

1699 29 Jul 1700* 29 Jul 1701 29 Jul

1213

1802

1062

1651 29 Jul 1652* 29 Jul

1752* 30 Jul

1214

1113 1114

1753 1754

1215

1803 1804*

1216

1805

1063

1111

1702

30 Jul

1163 1164

1703

30 Jul

1165

29 Jul 30 Jul

ul

1783

1047 1049

u

ul

ul

FASLl DECCAN CALENDAR 1199 Western Date

Fasli

Western Date

Fasli

Western Date

Fasli

Western Date

Fasli

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Deccan

(Gregorian)

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

Year

of New Year

1217

1806

31 Jul

1265

1854

1218

1807

31 Jul

1266

1855

1808* 31 Jul 30 Jul

1267

1856*

1268

1857 1858

1219 1220

1902

2 Aug 2 Aug

1315

1903 1904*

1316

1905

1 Aug

1 Aug

1317

1906

2 Aug

1 Aug

1318

1907

2 Aug

1365 1366

1 Aug 31 Jul

1319

1908*

2 Aug

1320

1 Aug 1 Aug

1321

1909 1910

1322

1 Aug

1 Aug 1 Aug 1 Aug 31 Jul

1221

1809 1810

31 Jul

1222

1811

31 Jul

1269 1270

1223 1224

1812* 31 Jul

1271

1859 1860*

30 Jul

1272

1861

1225

1813 1814

31 Jul

1273

1862

1226

1815

31 Jul

1274

1227

1275

1228

1816* 31 Jul 1817 30 Jul

1863 1864*

1276

1865

1229

1818

31 Jul

1277

1866

1230

1819 31 Jul 1820* 31 Jul 1821 31 Jul

1278

1867

1279 1280

1869

1233 1234

1822

1 Aug

1281

1870

31 Jul 1 Aug

1823

1 Aug

1282

1871

1 Aug

1235 1236

1824*

1 Aug

1283 1284

1872*

1237

1826

1 Aug

1238

1827

1 Aug

1239 1240

1828*

1241

1830

1242 1243

1831 1832*

1244

1833

1245

1834

1246 1247

1835 1836*

1248

1837

1249 1250

1838

1231 1232

1251

1825

1829

1839 1840*

1252

1841

1253 1254

1842

1255 1256

1843 1844*

3 Aug 2 Aug 3 Aug

1368

1957

3 Aug 2 Aug

2 Aug 2 Aug

1369 1370

1958

3 Aug

1911

1959

1323

1912*

2 Aug

1371

I960*

3 Aug 3 Aug

1324

1913

1 Aug

1372

1961

2 Aug

1 Aug

1325

1914

2 Aug

1962

3 Aug

1 Aug 1 Aug

1326

1915 1916*

1328

1917

1 Aug

1375 1376

1963 1964*

3 Aug

1327

2 Aug 2 Aug

13/3 1374

1329 1330

1918

2 Aug

1377

1966

1919 1920*

2 Aug

1378

1967

2 Aug

1921

1 Aug

1379 1380

1922

2 Aug

1381

1969 1970

2 Aug

1382

1971

3 Aug

2 Aug

1383 1384

1972*

3 Aug 2 Aug

31 Jul

1 Aug

1 Aug

1 Aug

1287

1876*

31 Jul 1 Aug

1288

1877

1289

1878

1 Aug

1290

1 Aug 31 Jul 1 Aug

1331 1332 1333 1334

1965

1968*

3 Aug 2 Aug 3 Aug 3 Aug 3 Aug 2 Aug 3 Aug

1 Aug 31 Jul

1335

1923 1924*

1336

1925

1337

1926

1385

1973 1974

1879

1 Aug 1 Aug

1 Aug 2 Aug

1338

1927

2 Aug

1386

1975

3 Aug

1291

1880*

1 Aug

1339

1928*

2 Aug

1387

1976*

1292

1881

1 Aug

1340

1929

1388

1977

3 Aug 2 Aug

1882

2 Aug

1341

1930

1978

3 Aug

1 Aug

1293 1294

1 Aug 2 Aug

2 Aug

1342

1931

2 Aug

1295

2 Aug

1343

1932*

2 Aug

1979 1980*

3 Aug

1 Aug

1883 1884*

1296

1885

1 Aug

1344

1933

1 Aug

31 Jul

1389 1390 1391 1392

3 Aug

1981

3 Aug 2 Aug

1982

3 Aug

1983 1984*

3 Aug 3 Aug 2 Aug

1297

1886

2 Aug

1345

1934

2 Aug

1298

1887

2 Aug

1346

1935

2 Aug

1393 1394

1299 1300

1888*

2 Aug

1347

1936*

2 Aug

1395

1889

1937

1 Aug

1396

1890

1 Aug 2 Aug

1348

1301

1938

2 Aug

1397

1985 1986

1 Aug

1302

2 Aug

1398

1987

3 Aug

1303 1304

2 Aug

1351

1939 1940*

2 Aug

1 Aug

1891 1892*

1349 1350

2 Aug

1399

1988* 1989

3 Aug 2 Aug

1 Aug 1 Aug 1 Aug 31 Jul 1 Aug

3 Aug

1893 1894

1 Aug

1352

1941

2 Aug

1400

1305

2 Aug

1942

3 Aug

1401

1990

3 Aug

1306

1895

2 Aug

1353 1354

3 Aug

1402

1307

1896*

2 Aug

1355

31 Jul 1 Aug

1308

1897

1 Aug

1356

3 Aug 2 Aug

1403 1404

1991 1992*

3 Aug

1 Aug

1943 1944*

3 Aug

1405 1406

1 Aug

1259 1260

1848*

1853

1952* 1953 1954

1 Aug

1875

1847

1263 1264

3 Aug

3 Aug

1285

1258

1851 1852*

3 Aug

1951

1956*

1286

31 Jul 1 Aug

1261

1363 1364

1950

1367

31 Jul 1 Aug

1845 1846

1262

2 Aug

1361 1362

1955

1873 1874

31 Jul

1257

1849 1850

1868*

1313 1314

1 Aug 1 Aug 31 Jul

1309 1310 1311 1312

1898

2 Aug

1357

1945 1946

1899 1900*

2 Aug

1358

1947

2 Aug

1359

1901

1 Aug

1360

1948*

3 Aug 3 Aug

1949

2 Aug

1993 1994

3 Aug 2 Aug 3 Aug

1995

3 Aug

1407

1996*

3 Aug

1408

1997

3 Aug

PARASURAM CALENDAR iiràm r of vàia 177 178 179 180

181 182

183 184 185 186 187 188

189 190

191 192

193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201

202 203 204 205 206

207 208

209 210 211 212

213 214 215 216

217 218

219 220

221 222

223 224 225

Western Date of New Year 50 51 52* 53 54 55 56* 57 58 59 60* 61 62 63 64* 65 66 67 68* 69 70 71 72* 73 74 75 76* 77 78 79 80* 81 82 83 84* 85 86 87 88* 89 90 91 92* 93 94 95 96* 97 98

Ann Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 7 7

7 6 7 7

7 6 7

7

Parasuràm Year of Malayàla

Western Date of New Year

Parasuràm Year of Malayàla 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274

99 100* 101 102 103 104* 105 106 107 108* 109 110 111 112* 113 114 115 116* 1 I7 118 119 120* 121 122 123 124* 125 126 127 128* 129 130 131 132* 133 134 135 136* 137 138 139 140* 141 142 143 144* 145 146 147

200

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

7 6 7 7

7 6 7 7 7

6 7

7 7 6 -1

7 -7

6 7 7 7

6 7 7 7 6 1

7 7 6 7 7 7 6 7 7 7 6 7

7 7 6 7

7 7 6 7 7 7

275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323

Parasuràm Year of Malayàla

Western Date of New Year 148* 149 150 151 152* 153 154 155 156* 157 158 159 160* 161 162 163 164* 165 166 167 168* 169 170 171 172* 173 174 175 176* 177 178 179 180* 181 182 183 184* 185 186 187 188* 189 190 191 192* 193 194 195 196*

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

7 8 8 7 7 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7

8 8 8 7

8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7 18 18 18 17 18 18 18 17 18 18 18 17 18 18 18 17

324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372

PARASURAM CALENDAR / 201

380

381 382 383 384 385 386

387 388

389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423

OO

373 374 375 376 377 378 379

Western Date of N e w Year t-o

irâm of .ila

249 250 251 252* 253 254 255 256* 257 258 259 260* 261 262 263 264* 265 266 267 268* 269 270 271 272* 273 274 275 276» 277 278 279 280* 281 282 283 284* 285 286 287 288» 289 290 291 292* 293 294 295 296* 297 298

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

Parasurâm Year of Malaysia 18 19 19 19 18 19 19 19 18 19 19 19 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20

424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474

Western Date of New Year 299 300* 301 302 303 304* 305 306 307 308* 309 310 311 312* 313 314 315 316* 317 318 319 320* 321 322 323 324* 325 326 327 328* 329 330 331 332* 333 334 335 336* 337 338 339 340* 341 342 343 344* 345 346 347 348* 349

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

Parasurâm Year of 1Malaysia 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21

475 •176 477 478 479 480 481 182 183 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525

Western Date of New Year 350 351 352* 353 354 355 356* 357 358 359 360* 361 362 363 364* 365 366 367 368* 369 370 371 372* 373 374 375 376* 377 378 379 380* 381 382 383 384* 385 386 387 388* 389 390 391 392* 393 394 395 396* 397 398 399 400*

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

Parasurâm i e a r of Malayâla 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 21

526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576

m c. iràm •of ,'âla

Western Date of New Y 'ar

577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609

452* 453 454 455 456* 45 7 458 459 460* 461 462 463 464* 465 466 467 468* 469 470 471 472* 473 474 475

476* 477

619 620 621

478 479 480* 481 482 483 484* 485 486 48 7 488* 489 490 491 492* 493 494 495 496*

622

4Ç)7

625 624 625 626 627

498 499 500* 501 502

610

611 612

613 614 615 616 617 618

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

Parasurâm Year of Malayala 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 22 23 23 25 22 23 25 23 22 23 25 23 22 23 23 25 22 23 25 25 22 23 23 25 22 25 25 23 22 23 25 25 22 25 25 23 23 24 24

628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 6 37 638 659 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 64" 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 67 5 674 675 676 677 678

Western Date of New Year 505 504* 505 506 50"1 508* 509 510 511 512* 515 514 515 516* 517 518 519 520* 521 522 525 524* 525 526 527

528* 529 530 531 532* 535 534 535 536* 537 538 539 540* 541 542 545 544* 545 546 547

548* 549 550 551 552* 555

Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug

Parasurâm Year of Malayala 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4

4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 5

679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 68 7 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701

702 703 704 705 706

707 708 709 710 711

712 713 714 715 7

16

4

717

4 4 5 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4

718 7 19 720 721

722 723 724 725 726 7 '7 728

729

Western Date of New Year 554 555 556* 557 558 559 560* 561 562 563 564* 565 566 567 568* 569 570 5" 1 572* 573 574 575 576* 577

578 579 580* 581 582 583 584* 585 586 587 588* 589 590 591 592* 593 594 595 596* 597 598 599 600* 601 602 603 604*

Parasurâm Year of Malayala

Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 25 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 23 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 25 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 25 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 23 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 23 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 23 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 23 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 23 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 23 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 23 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 24 Aug 25 Aug 25 Aug 25 Aug 24

730 7il 7 32 733 734 735 7 56 757 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 755 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 775 774 775 776 777 778 779 780

PARASURAM CALENDAR 1203 râm

Western

Parasurâm

Western

Parasurâm

of

Date of

Year of

Date of

i'ear of

Western Date of

Year of

àia

New Year

Malayâla

New Year

Malayâla

New Year

Malayâla

781

656*

Aug 25

832

707

Aug 27

782

657

Aug 26

833

708*

Aug 26

783

658

Aug 26

834

885

659

Aug 26

835

709 710

Aug 27

784

Aug 27

785

660*

Aug 25

836

711

786

661

Aug 26

837

787

662

Aug 26

838

788

663 664*

Aug 26

839

714

Aug 27

Aug 25

840

715

Aug 27

Aug 26

841

Aug 26

Aug 26

842

716* 717

792

665 666 667

Aug 26

718

Aug 27

893 894

793

668*

Aug 25

843 844

Aug 27

794

669 670

Aug 26

845

795

Aug 26

796

671

Aug 26

846 847

719 720* 721

797

672*

Aug 25

848

798

673

Aug 26

799

674

800

789 790 791

Parasurâm

758

Aug 28

934

759 760*

Aug 28

935

Aug 27

936

761

Aug 28

937

Aug 27

886 887

762

Aug 28

938

712*

Aug 26

888

Aug 27

889

763 764*

Aug 28

713

Aug 27

939 940

890

765

Aug 28

941

891 892

766

Aug 28

942

767

Aug 28

943 944

Aug 27

883 884

768*

Aug 27 Aug 28

945

895

769 770

Aug 28

946

Aug 26 Aug 27

896 897

771

Aug 28

947

772*

Aug 27

948

722

Aug 27

898

949

Aug 27

Aug 28

950

849

724*

Aug 26

899 900

773 774

Aug 28

723

775

Aug 28

951

Aug 26

850

725

Aug 27

901

776*

Aug 27

952

675

Aug 26

851

726

Aug 27

902

777

Aug 28

801

676*

Aug 26

852

727

Aug 27

903

778

Aug 28

953 954

802

677

Aug 27

728*

Aug 26

904

779

Aug 28

955

803

678

Aug 27

853 854

729

Aug 27

905

780*

Aug 27

956

804

679

Aug 27

855

730

Aug 27

906

781

Aug 28

957

805

680*

Aug 26

731 732*

Aug 27

907

782

Aug 28

958

Aug 26

908

Aug 27

909

783 784*

Aug 28

733 734

959 960

Aug 27

910

785

Aug 28

961

735

Aug 27

911 912

786 787

Aug 28

962

Aug 28

788*

Aug 27

963 964

806

681

Aug 27

856 857

807

682

Aug 27

858

808

683 684*

Aug 27

809

859 860

810

685

Aug 27

861

736*

Aug 27

811

686

Aug 27

862

737

Aug 28

812

687

Aug 27

863

738

Aug 28

913 914

789

Aug 28

965

813

688*

Aug 26

864

Aug 28

915

790

Aug 28

966

814

Aug 27

865

Aug 27

916

967

Aug 27

866

741

Aug 28

917

791 792*

Aug 28

815

689 690

739 740*

Aug 27

968

816

691

Aug 27

867

742

Aug 28

918

793

Aug 28

969

817

692*

Aug 26

868

743

Aug 28

794

Aug 28

970

818

693 694

Aug 27

744*

Aug 27

971

Aug 28

921

Aug 28

972

Aug 27

871

Aug 28

922

797

821

695 696*

745 746

795 796*

Aug 28

Aug 27

869 870

919 920

Aug 26

872

747

Aug 28

798

Aug 29 Aug 29

973 974

822

697

Aug 27

748*

Aug 27

698

Aug 27

Aug 28

925

Aug 29 Aug 28

824

Aug 27

977

751

Aug 28

926 927

Aug 29

Aug 26

875 876

Aug 28

825

699 700*

749 750

799 800* 801

975

823

873 874

923 924

802

Aug 29

978

826

701

Aug 27

877

752*

Aug 27

928

Aug 29

827

702

Aug 27

878

Aug 28

979 980

703 704*

Aug 27

879

929 930

Aug 28

828

753 754

803 804*

981

880

755

Aug 28

Aug 29

982

705 706

Aug 27

881

756*

Aug 27

931 932

805 806

Aug 29

Aug 26

807

Aug 29

Aug 27

882

757

Aug 28

933

808*

Aug 28

983 984

819 820

829 830 831

Aug 26

Aug 28

Aug 27

976

\M C ì uràni

Western

Parasurâm

Western

Parasurâm

Western

ir of

Date of

Year of

Date of

Year of

Date of

Year of

a; àia

New Year

Malayàla

New Year

Malayàla

New Year

Malayàla

Parasurâtn

859 860*

Aug 30

1035

909

Aug 30

1085

959

Aug 31

1135

986

Aug 29

1036

910

Aug 30

1086

960*

Aug 31

1136

987

861

Aug 30

1037

911

Aug 30

1087

961

Aug 31

1137

988

862

Aug 30

1038

912*

Aug 31

1088

962

Aug 31

1138

989

863 864*

Aug 30

1039 1040

913 914

Aug 31

1089

Aug 31

1090

963 964*

Aug 31

Aug 29

1139 1140

865 866

Aug 30

1041

Aug 30

1042

915 916*

Aug 31

992

Aug 31

1091 1092

Aug 31 Aug 31

993

867

Aug 30

1043

917

Aug 31

1093

965 966 967

Aug 31

1143

994

868*

1044

918

Aug 31

1094

968*

1045

919

Aug 30

1046

920*

Aug 31 Aug 31

1095

996

869 870

969 970

Aug 31 Aug 31

1144

995

Aug 29 Aug 30

997

871

Aug 30

1047

921

Aug 31

1097

971

Aug 31

1147

998

872*

Aug 29

1048

922

Aug 31

1098

972*

Aug 31

1148

999

873 874

Aug 30

1049

923

Aug 31

1099

1

1149

Aug 30

1050

924*

Aug 31

1100

973 974

Sep

1000

Sep

1

1150

1001

875

Aug 30

1051

925

Aug 31

1101

975

Sep

1

1151

1002

876*

Aug 29

1052

926

Aug 31

1102

976*

Aug 31

1152

1003

877

Aug 30

927

Aug 31

Sep

1

878

Aug 30

928*

Aug 31

1103 1104

977

1004

1053 1054

978

Sep

1

1153 1154

1005

879

Aug 30

1055

1006

Aug 29

1056

929 930

1007

880* 881

Aug 30

1057

1008

882

Aug 30

1058

931 932*

1009

Aug 30

1010

883 884*

Aug 29

1059 1060

933 934

1011

885

Aug 30

1061

935

1012

886

Aug 30

1062

936*

1013

887

Aug 30

1063

1014

888*

Aug 29

1064

1015

889

Aug 30

1016

890

Aug 30

1017

891

Aug 30

1018

892*

Aug 29

1019

893 894

Aug 30

1069 1070

895 896*

Aug 30 Aug 29

1071

1022 1023

897

1024

898

1025 1026

985

990 991

1096

Aug 31

Aug 31

1141 1142

1145 1146

Aug 31

1105

1

1155

1106

979 980*

Sep

Aug 31 Aug 31

Aug 31

1156

1107

981

Sep

1

1157

Aug 31

1108

982

Sep

1

1158

Aug 31

983 984*

Sep

1

Aug 31

1109 1110

1159 1160

Aug 31

1111

985

Sep

1

1161

Aug 31

1112

986

Sep

1

1162

937

Aug 31

Sep

1

Aug 31

1113 1114

987

938

988*

Aug 31

1163 1164

1065

939

Aug 31

1115

989

Sep

1

1165

1066

940*

Aug 31

1116

990

Sep

1

1166

1067

941

991

Sep

1

1167

942

Aug 31 Aug 31

1117

1068

1118

992*

Aug 31

1168

943 944*

Aug 31

1119 1120

993 994

Sep

I

Sep

1

1169 1170

945 946

Aug 31 Aug 31

1121

995 996*

Sep

1

1171

1072

1172

Aug 30

1073

947

Aug 31

997

Aug 30

1074

948*

Aug 31

1123 1124

Aug 31 Sep 1

998

Sep

1

1173 1174

899 900*

Aug 30

1075

1125

1

1175

Aug 31

1126

999 1000*

Sep

1076

949 950

Aug 31

Aug 29

Aug 31

1176

1027

901

Aug 30

1077

951

Aug 31

1127

1001

Sep

1

1177

1028

902

Aug 30

1078

952*

Aug 31

1128

1002

Sep

1

1178

1029

Aug 30

953 954

1003 1004*

1

Aug 31

1129 1130

Sep

Aug 29

1079 1080

Aug 31

1030

903 904*

Aug 31

1179 1180

1020 1021

Aug 30

Aug 31

1122

Aug 31

1031

905

Aug 30

1081

955

Aug 31

1131

1005

Sep

1

1181

1032

906

Aug 30

1082

956*

Aug 31

1132

1006

Sep

1

1182

1033

907

Aug 30

1133 1134

1007

Sep

1

oo O Cs

957 958

Aug 31

Aug 29

1083 1084

1008*

Aug 31

1183 1184

1034

Aug 31

PARASURAM CALENDAR 1205 urám rof lyála 1183 1186 1187 1188

1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201

1202

1208

1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216

1217 1218

1219 1220 1221 1222

1223 1224 1225 1226

1227 1228

1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234

1059 1060* 1061 1062 1063 1064* 1065 1066 1067 1068* 1069 1070 1071 1072* 1073 1074 1075 1076* 1077 1078 1079 1080* 1081 1082 1083 1084* 1085 1086 1087 1088* 1089 1090 1091 1092* 1093 1094 1095 1096* 1097 1098 1099 1100* 1101 1102 1103 1104* 1105 1106 1107 1108*

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

Parasurám Year of Malayála

Western Date of New Year

2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2

1109 1110 1111 1112* 1113 1114 1115 1116* 1117 1118 1119 1120* 1121 1122 1123 1124* 1125 1126 1127

1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2

1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284

OO C^-J

1203 1204 1205 1206 1207

Western Date of New Year

1129 1130 1131 1132* 1133 1134 1135 1136* 1137 1138 1139 1140* 1141 1142 1143 1144* 1145 1146 1147 1148* 1149 1150 1151 1152* 1153 1154 1155 1156* 1157 1158

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

Parasurám Year of Malayála 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 4

1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1194 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 132' 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334

Western Date of New Year 1159 1160* 1161 1162 1163 1164* 1165 1166 1167 1168* 1169 1170 1171 1172* 1173 1174 1175 1176* 1177 1178 1179 1180* 1181 1182 1183 1184* 1185 1186 1187 1188* 1189 1190 1191 1192* 1193 1194 1195 1196* 1197 1198 1199 1200* 1201 1202 1203 1204* 1205 1206 1207 1208*

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

Parasurám Year of Malayála 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3

1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384

tram •of la

1385 1386

1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400 1401 1402 1403 1404 1405 1406 1407 1408 1409 1410 1411 1412 1413 l'ili

1415 1416 1117 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434

Parasurâm

Western

Parasurâm

Western

Parasurâm

Western

Date of

Year of

Date of

Year of

Date of

Year of

New Year

Malayâla

New Year

Malayâla

New Year

Malayâla

1259 1260* 1261 1262 1263 1264* 1265 1266 1267 1268* 1269 1270 1271 1272* 1273 1274 1275 1276* 1277 1278 1279 1280* 1281 1282 1283 1284* 1285 1286 1287 1288* 1289 1290 1291 1292* 1293 1294 1295 1296* 1297 1298 1299 1300* 1301 1302 1303 1304* 1305 1306 1307 1308*

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

5 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5

1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1459 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 1465 1466 1467 1468 1469 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480 1481 1482 1483 1484

1309 1310 1311 1312* 1313 1314 1315 1316* 1317 1318 1319 1320* 1321 1322 1323 1324* 1325 1326 1327 1328* 1329 1330 1331 1332* 1333 1334 1335 1336* 1337 1338 1339 1340* 1341 1342 1343 1344* 1345 1346 1347 1348* 1349 1350 1351 1352* 1353 1354 1355 1356* 1357 1358

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

6 1485 6 1486 1487 6 1488 5 6 1489 6 1490 6 1491 1492 5 6 1493 6 1494 6 1495 1496 5 6 1497 1498 6 6 1499 1500 5 6 . 1501 6 1502 6 1503 1504 6 7 1505 1506 7 7 1507 6 1508 7 1509 7 1510 7 1511 6 1512 7 1513 7 1514 7 1515 6 1516 i 1517 7 1518 7 1519 6 1520 1521 7 7 1522 7 1523 1524 6 7 1525 7 1526 7

1527

6 7

1528 1529 1530 1531 1532 1533 1534

7 7 6 7 7

1359 1360* 1361 1362 1363 1364* 1365 1366 1367 1368* 1369 1370 1371 1372* 1373 1374 1375 1376* 1377 1378 1379 1380* 1381 1382 1383 1384* 1385 1386 1387 1388* 1389 1390 1391 1392* 1393 1394 1395 1396* 1397 1398 1399 1400* 1401 1402 1403 1404* 1405 1406 1407 1408*

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

7 6 7 7 7

6 7

7 1

6 7 7 7

6 7 7

7 6 7 7 7

6 7 7

7 6 7 ->

7

7 8 8 8 1

8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7

8 8 8 1

8 8 8 7

1535 1536 1537 1538 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543 1544 1545 1546 1547 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 1554 1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 1560 1561 1562 1563 1564 1565 1566 1567 1568 1569 1570 1571 1572 1573 1574 1575 1576 1577 1578 1579 1580 1581 1582 1583 1584

PARASURAM uràm rof lyàla

Western Date of New Year

1585 1586 1587 1588 1589 1590 1591 1592 1593 1594 1595 1596 1597 1598 1599

1459 1460* 1461 1462 1463 1464* 1465 1466 1467 1468* 1469 1470 1471 1472* 1473 1474 1475 1476* 1477 1478 1479 1480* 1481 1482 1483 1484* 1485 i486 1487 1488* 1489 1490 1491 1492* 1493 1494 1495 1496* 1497 1498 1499 1500* 1501 1502 1503 1504* 1505 1506 1507 1508*

1600 1601

1602

1603 1604 1605 1606

1607 1608

1609 1610

1611 1612

1613 1614 1615 1616

1617 1618

1619 1620 1621 1622

1623 1624 1625 1626

1627 1628

1629 1630 1631 1632

1633 1634

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

Parasuràm Year of Malayàla 9 8 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 9

1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 1640 1641 1642 1643 1644 1645 1646 1647 1648 1649 1650 1651 1652 1653 1654 1655 1656 1657 1658 1659 1660 1661 1662 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 1670 1671 1672 1673 1674 1675 1676 1677 1678 1679 1680 1681 1682 1683 1684

Western Date of New Year

Parasuràm Year of Malayàla

1509 Sep 10 1510 Sep 10 1511 Sep 10 1512* Sep 9 1513 Sep 10 1514 Sep 10 1515 Sep 10 1516* Sep 9 151' Sep 10 1518 Sep 10 1519 Sep 10 1520* Sep 9 1521 Sep 10 1522 Sep 10 1523 Sep 10 1524* Sep 9 1525 Sep 10 1526 Sep 10 1527 Sep 10 1528* Sep 9 1529 Sep 10 1530 Sep 10 1531 Sep 10 1532* Sep 9 1533 Sep 10 1534 Sep 10 1535 Sep 10 1536* Sep 9 1537 Sep 10 1538 Sep 10 1539 Sep 10 1540* Sep 9 1541 Sep 10 1542 Sep 10 1543 Sep 10 1544* Sep 9 1545 Sep 10 1546 Sep 10 1547 Sep 10 1548* Sep 9 1549 Sep 10 1550 Sep 10 1551 Sep 10 1552* Sep 9 1553 Sep 10 1554 Sep 10 1555 Sep 10 1556* Sep 9 1557 Sep 10 1558 Sep 10

1685 1686 1687 1688 1689 1690 1691 1692 1693 1694 1695 1696 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701 1702 1703 1704 1705 1706 1707 1708 1709 1710 1711 1712 1713 1714 1715 1716 1717 1718 1719 1720 1721 1722 1723 1724 1725 1726 1727 1728 1729 1730 1731 1732 1733 1734

CALENDAR Western Date of New Year 1559 1560* 1561 1562 1563 1564* 1565 1566 1567 1568* 1569 1570 1571 1572* 1573 1574 1575 1576* 1577 1578 1579 1580* 1581 1582 1583 1584* 1585 1586 1587 1588* 1589 1590 1591 1592* 1593 1594 1595 1596* 1597 1598 1599 1600* 1601 1602 1603 1604* 1605 1606 1607 1608*

1201

Parasuràm Year of Malayàla Sep 10 Sep 9 Sep 10 Sep 10 Sep 10 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 11 Sep 10

1735 1736 1737 1738 1739 1740 1741 1742 1743 H44 1745 1746 1747 1748 1749 P50 1751 1752 H53 1754 1755 1756 1757 1758 1759 1760 1761 1762 1763 1764 1765 1766 1767 1 7 68 1769 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1784

Western

Parasurâm

Western

Parasurâm

Western

rof

Date of

Year of

Date of

Year of

Date of

Year of

yâla

New Year

Malayâla

New Year

Malayâla

New Year

Malayâla

urâm

1785 1786 1787 1788 1789 1790 1791 P92 1793

1794 1795 1796

H97 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802

1803 1804 1805 1806

1807 1808 1809 1810 1811

1812

1813 1814 1815 1816

1817 1818

1819 1820 1821

1822

1823 1824 1825 1826

1827 1828

1829 1830

1831 1832 1833 1834

1659 1660* 1661 1662 1663 1664* 1665 1666 1667 1668* 1669 1670 1671 1672* 1673 1674 1675 1676* 1677 1678 1679 1680* 1681 1682 1683 1684* 1685 1686 1687 1688* 1689 1690 1691 1692* 1693 1694 1695 1696* 1697 1698 1699 1700* 1701 1702 1703 1704» 1705 1706 1707 1708*

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sc-p Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

I? 11 12 p 12 11 12 12 [i 11 12 p 12 11 12 12

12 11 12 12 11

11 12 12 p 11 11

1> 1 ~i 12 15 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 p 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12

1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 18-12 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884

1709 1710 1711 1712* 1713 P14 1715 1716* 1717 1718 1719 1720* 1721 1722 1723 1724* 1725 1726 1727 1728* 1729 1730 1731 1732* 1733 1734 1735 1736* 1737 1738 1739 1740* 1741 1742 1743 1744* 1745 1746 1747 1748* 1749 1750 1751 1752* 1753 1754 1755 1756* 1757 1758

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14

1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934

1759 1760* 1761 1762 1763 1764* 1765 1766 1767 1768* 1769 1770 1771 1772* 1773 1774 1775 1776* 1777 1778 1779 1780* 1781 1782 1783 1784* 1785 1786 1787 1788* 1789 1790 1791 1792* 1793 1794 1795 1796* 1797 1798 1799 1800* 1801 1802 1803 1804* 1805 1806 1807 1808*

Parasurâm

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 H 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14

1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984

PARASURAM

CALENDAR

1209

Western

Parasuràm

Western

Parasuràm

Western

Parasuràm

Western

Date of

Year of

Date of

Year of

Date of

Year of

Date of

Year of

N e w Year

Malayàla

New Year

Malayàla

New Year

Malayàla

New Year

Malayàla

OC

1809 1810 1811 1812* 1813 1814

OC SD

1816* 1817 1818 1819 1820* 1821 1822 1823 1824* 1825 1826 1827 1828*

OC Oiv

1830 1831 1832* 1833 1834 1835 1836* 1837 1838 1839 1840* 1841 1842 1843 1845 1846 1847 1848* 1849 1850 1851 1852* 1853 1854 1855 1856*

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 15

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032

1857 1858 1859 1860* 1861 1862 1863 1864* 1865 1866 1867 1868* 1869 1870 1871 1872* 1873 1874 1875 1876* 1877 1878 1879 1880* 1881 1882 1883 1884* 1885 1886 188" 1888* 1889 1890 1891 1892* 1893 1894 1895 1896* 1897 1898 1899 1900* 1901 1902 1903 1904*

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15

2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 2048 2049 2050 2051 2052 2053 2054 2055 2056 2057 2058 2059 2060 2061 2062 2063 2064 2065 2066 2067 2068 2069 2070 2071 2072 2073 2074 2075 2076 2077 2078 2079 2080

1905 1906 1907 1908* 1909 1910 1911 1912* 1913 1914 1915 1916* 1917 1918 1919 1920* 1921 1922 1923 1924* 1925 1926 1927 1928* 1929 1930 1931 1932* 1933 1934 1935 1936* 1937 1938 1939 1940* 1941 1942 1943 1944* 1945 1946 1947 1948* 1949 1950 1951 1952*

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

16 16 16 15 16 16 16 15 16 16 16 16 17 )7 ]7 16 ]7 17 17 16 \i

17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 ]7 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 16

2081 2082 2083 2084 2085 2086 2087 2088 2089 2090 2091 2092 2093 2094 2095 2096 2097 2098 2099 2100 2101 2102 2103 2104 2105 2106 2107 2108 2109 2110 2111 2112 2113 2114 2115 2116 2117 2118 2119 2120 2121 2122 2123 2124 2125 2126 2127 2128

1953 1954 1955 1956* 1957 1958 1959 1960* 1961 1962 1963 1964* 1965 1966 1967 1968* 1969 1970 1971 1972* 1973 1974 1975 1976* 1977 1978 1979 1980* 1981 1982 1983 1984* 1985 1986 1987 1988* 1989 1990 1991 1992* 1993 1994 1995 1996* 1997 1998 1999 2000*

Parasuràm

Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep Sep

]7

17 17 16 17

17 [7

16

1 -7

17 17 16 17 ¡7 17 16 17 17 17 16 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 17 18 18 18 17 18 18 18 17 18 18 18 ]7

18 18 18 17 18 18 18 17

2129 2130 2131 2132 2133 2134 2135 2136 2137 2138 2139 2140 2141 2142 2143 2144 2145 2146 2147 2148 2149 2150 2151 2152 2153 2154 2155 2156 2157 2158 2159 2160 2161 2162 2163 2164 2165 2166 2167 2168 2169 2170 2171 2172 2173 2174 2175 2176

BURMESE AND ARAKANSE CALENDARS Burmese Thingyan Tet

Burmese Thingyan Tet •n c

rian) 1739 1740* 1741 1742 1743 1744» 1745 1746 1747 1748* 1749 1750 1751 1752* 1753 1754 1755 1756* 1757 1758 1759 1760* 1761 1762 1763 1764* 1765 1766 1767 1768* 1769 1770 1771 1772* 1773 1774 1775 1776* 1777 1778 1779 1780* 1781 1782 1783

12 11 11 12 12 11 11 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr

I

S

10 16 22 5 11 17 23 5 12 18 0 6 12

28 40

19 1 7 13 20 2 8 14 20 3 9 15 21 3 10 16 22 4 10 17

53 6 18 31 43 56 9 21 34 46 59 12 24 37 49 2 15 27 40 52 5 18 30

43 55 8 21 33 46 58 11 23 24 5 36 11 49 1 18 0 14 6 27 12 39 18 52 1 4 7 17 13 30 19 4 2

Western Date (Gregorian)

Year 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36

1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112

1784* 1785 1786 1787 1788* 1789* 1790 1791 1792 1793* 1794 1795 1796* 1797* 1798

1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122

12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 14

1799 1800* 1801 1802 1803 1804* 1805 1806 1807 1808* 13 1809 13 1810 13 1811 14 1812* 13 1813 13 1814 13 1815 14 1816* 13 1817 13 1818 13 1819 14 1820* 13 1821 13 1822 13 1823 14 1824* 13 1825 13 1826 13 1827 14 1828* 13

1123 1124 1125 1126 112"? 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145

210

Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr

TI

C Year

1 8 14 20 2 8 15 21 3 9 16 22 4 10 16 23 5 11 17 23 6 12 18 0 6

55 7 20 33 45 58 10 23 36 48 1 13 26 39 51 4 16 29 42 54 7 19 32 45 57 10 22

13 19 1 35 7 48 0 15 20 13 2 25 8 38 14 51 21 3 3 16 9 28 15 41 21 54 4 6 10 19 16 31 22 44 4 57 11

9

12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0

36

BURMESE AND ARAKANSE CALENDARS 1211 Burmese Thingyan Tet Western Date (Gregorian) 1829 1830 1831 1832* 1833 1834 1835 1836* 1837 1838 1839 1840* 1841 1842 1843 1844* 1845 1846 1847 1848* 1849 1850 1851 1852* 1853 1854 1855 1856* 1857 1858 1859 1860* 1861 1862 1863 1864* 1865 1866 1867 1868* 1869 1870 1871 1872* 1873 1874 1875 1876*

13 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 14 Apr 13 Apr

3

3

C

X

is

17 23 5 12 18 0 6 12 19 1 7 13 19 2

22 34 47 0 12 25 37 50 3 15 28 40 53 6 18 31 43 56 9 21 34 46 59 12 24 37 49

8 14 20 2 9 15 21 3 9 16 22 4 10 17 23 5 11 17 0 6 12 18 0 7

1

15 27 40 52 5 18 30 43 55 8 21 33 46 58 11 24 36 49

12 19 1 7 14 20 2 8 1 15 21 14

"O

c u Q)

'SI

12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24

Year 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238

Western Date (Gregorian) 1877 1878 1879 1880* 1881 1882 1883 1884* 1885 1886 1887 1888* 1889 1890 1891 1892* 1893 1894 1895 1896* 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904* 1905 1906 1907 1908* 1909 1910 1911 1912* 1913 1914 1915 1916* 1917 1918 1919 1920* 1921 1922 1923 1924*

14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 15 15 15 16 15

Burmese Thingyan Tet

Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr Apr

0) •o 3 c0 e u « '£ ¡n V

3 0

X

3 9 15 22 4 10 16 22 5 11 17

•

23 5 12 18 0 6 13 19 1 7 13 20 2 8 14 20 3 9 15 21 3 10 16 22 4 11 17 23 5 11 18 0 6 12 18 1 7

27 39 52 4 17 30 42 55 7 20 33 45 58 10 23 36 48 1 13 26 39 51 4 16 29 42 54 7 19 32 45 57 10 22 35 48 0 13 25 38 51 3 16 28 41 54 6 19

0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12 48 24 0 36 12

Year 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286

2121 BURMESE AND ARAKANSE

CALENDARS Burmese

Burmese Thingyan Tet Western Date

3

(Gregorian)

X

1925

15 Apr

1926

15 Apr

1927

16 Apr

1928* 15 Apr

| c

T3

Western

U

Date

V

Thingyan Tet U

s 0

0> +J 3 C

§

Vg

0 u

S

iri

Year

(Gregorian)

13

31

48

1287

1963

16 Apr

9

32

24

1325

19

44

24

1288

1964* 15 Apr

15

45

0

1326

1 56

0

1289

1965

15 Apr

21

57

36

1327

X

t/>

Year

8

9

36

1290

1966

16 Apr

4

10

12

1328

1929

15 Apr

14

22

12

1291

1967

16 Apr

10

22

48

1329

1930

15 Apr

20

34

48

1292

1968* 15 Apr

16

35

24

1330

1931

16 Apr

2

49

12

1293

1969

15 Apr

22

48

0

1331

1932* 15 Apr

9

1 48

1294

1970

16 Apr

5

0

36

1332

24

1295

1971

16 Apr

11

13

12

1333

1933

15 Apr

15

14

1934

15 Apr

21

27

0

1296

1972* 15 Apr

17

25

48

1334

1935

16 Apr

3

39

36

1297

1973

15 Apr

23

38

24

1335

1936* 15 Apr

9

52

12

1298

1974

16 Apr

5

51

0

1336

1937

15 Apr

16

4

48

1299

1975

16 Apr

12

3

36

1337

1938

15 Apr

22

17

24

1300

1976* 15 Apr

18

16

12

1338

1939

16 Apr

4

29

0

1301

1977

16 Apr

0

28

48

1339

1940* 15 Apr

10

42

36

1302

1978

16 Apr

6

41

24

1340

1941

15 Apr

16

55

12

1303

1979

16 Apr

12

54

0

1341

1942

15 Apr

23

7

48

1304

1980* 15 Apr

19

6

36

1342

1943

16 Apr

5

20

24

1305

1981

16 Apr

1

19

12

1343

1944* 15 Apr

11

33

0

1306

1982

16 Apr

7

31

48

1344

1945

15 Apr

17

45

36

1307

1983

16 Apr

13

44

24

1345

1946

15 Apr

23

58

12

1308

1984* 15 Apr

19

57

0

1346

1947

16 Apr

6

10

48

1309

1985

16 Apr

2

9

36

1347

1948* 15 Apr

12

22

24

1310

1986

16 Apr

8

22

12

1348

1949

15 Apr

18

36

0

1311

1987

16 Apr

14

34

48

1349

1950

16 Apr

0

48

36

1312

1988* 15 Apr

20

47

24

1350

1951

16 Apr

7

1

12

1313

1989

16 Apr

3

0

0

1351

1952* 15 Apr

13

13

48

1314

1990

16 Apr

9

12

36

1352

1953

15 Apr

19

25

24

1315

1991

16 Apr

15

25

12

1353

1954

16 Apr

1

0

1316

1992* 15 Apr

21

37

48

1354

1955

16 Apr

i

39 51

36

1317

1993

16 Apr

3

50

24

1355

1956* 15 Apr

14

4

12

1318

1994

16 Apr

10

3

0

1356

1957

15 Apr

20

16

48

1319

1995

16 Apr

16

15

36

1357

1958

16 Apr

2

29

4

1320

1996* 15 Apr

22

28

12

1358

1959

16 Apr

8

42

0

1321

1997

16 Apr

4

40

48

1359

1960* 15 Apr

14

36

1322

1998

16 Apr

10

53

24

1360

1961

15 Apr

21

54 7

12

1323

1999

16 Apr

17

6

0

1361

1962

16 Apr

3

19

48

1324

2000* 15 Apr

23

18

36

1362

FAR EAST

THE CHINESE CALENDAR of the Chinese zodiac. The 12 zodiacal signs are given below with their English translations. The 10 signs of the Chinese constellations are also given, but without translation, as there is no equivalent in English.

The Chinese calendar is the longest unbroken sequence of time measurement in history. Its epoch is said to be 2953 B.C. As Chinese culture spread, the calendar was adopted by a large number of people including the Koreans and the Japanese. Time measurement was taken very seriously by the ancient Chinese. The calendar was considered a sacred document. Each year the new calendar was presented in an elaborate ceremony held on the first day of the tenth month. Copies were given first to the emperor and his family, then to the regional governors and other dignitaries. Falsification of the calendar was a capital crime. The Chinese calendar was not subject to the local variations which occurred in India. From time to time the Chinese modified their methods of astronomical calculation in an effort to make them more accurate, particularly with regard to predicting eclipses; however, the basic structure of the calendar remained unchanged. Like all other calendars, the Chinese one is based on the apparent motion of the sun, moon and planets which is expressed by the Chinese concept of three roads through the heavens. The first of these is the Red Road, or what we would call the equator. It is along this path that the 28 Chinese lunar mansions are placed. The second is called the Yellow Road, which we call the ecliptic, or the path travelled by the sun. The third is called the White Road, or the path of the moon, which travels up and down over the ecliptic at an angle just short of 6°. The Zodiac, or the Twelve Branches as the Chinese call it, was developed from the twelve places to which the seven stars of the Big Dipper point during the twelve months of the year. The calendar itself is luni-solar, and is intercalated whenever two new months fall within a zodiacal sign. Some time during the very early period in Chinese astronomy/astrology, two systems were developed, both of which covered a 60 year cycle. The first system combines 10 signs related to the Chinese constellations with the 12 animals

12 a n i m a l s of the Z o d i a c 1. Tse 2 . Chau 3. Yin 4. Mau 5. Shin 6. Se 7. Wu 8. W i 9. Shin 10. Yu ll.Siuh 12. Hai

the the the the the the the the the the the the

10 celestial s i g n s

Rat Ox Tiger Hare Dragon Snake Horse Sheep Monkey Rooster Dog Pig

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Kiah Yih Ping Ting Wu Ki Kang Sin Jin

10. Kwei

The first sign in each series is combined to form the name of the first year in the 60 year cycle, Kia-tsu. The second sign in each series combines to form the name of the 2nd year, I-chaw and so on through the tenth sign. The eleventh sign in the 1st series then combines with the 1st sign in the second series to form the name of the eleventh year, Kiah-siuh and so on until the last signs in each series coincide, forming the name of the 60th year, Kwei-hai. The second system for obtaining the 60 year cycle (less frequently used and never part of the other calendar) works exactly the same way, but instead of using the ten signs relating to the Chinese constellations, it uses the five "elements," wood, lire, earth, metal and water, each repeated twice.

215

Terrestrial Sign Chinese English

Western Year

Element

Tzu Chou Yin Mao Shin Ssu Wu

1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930

Wood Wood Fire Fire Earth Earth Metal

Rat OxTiger Hare Dragon Snake Horse

2161 THE CHINESE CALENDAR Terrestrail

Western

Sign

Year

Chinese

English

We Shin Yu Hsu Hai Tzu Chou Yin Mao Shin Ssu Wu We Shin Yu Hsu Hai Tzu Chou Yin Mao Shin Ssu Wu We Shin Yu Hsu Hai Tzu Chou Yin Mao Shin Ssu Wu We

Sheep Monkey Rooster Dog Pig Rat Ox Tiger Hare Dragon Snake Horse Sheep Monkey Rooster Dog Pig Rat Ox Tiger Hare Dragon Snake Horse Sheep Monkey Rooster Dog Pig Rat Ox Tiger HartDragon Snake Horse Sheep

1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967

Terrestrail

Western

Sign

Year

Element

Metal Water Water Wood Wood Fire Fire Earth Earth Metal Metal Water Water Wood Wood Fire Fire Metal Metal Water Water Wood Wood Fire Fire Earth Earth Metal Metal Earth Earth Metal Metal Water Water Wood Wood

Chinese

English

Shin Yu Hsu Hai Tzu Chou Yin Mao Shin Ssu Wu We Shin Yu Hsu Hai

Monkey Rooster Dog Pig Rat Ox Tiger Hare Dragon Snake Horse Sheep Monkey Rooster Dog Pig

1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983

Element

Fire Fire Earth Earth Water Water Wood Wood Fire Fire Earth Earth Metal Metal Water Water

The Chinese, like most other peoples, use a zodiac based on 360°. But they d o not use the 12 signs k n o w n in the west and other parts of the world. Instead, they use 28 lunar mansions which represent constellations along the ecliptic through which the moon passes. These mansions are u n e q u a l — r a n g i n g from 1° of the sky to 34°. There are two possible translations for the names of the mansions and two calculations for the size of each. The English translations from the 11th century Soochow astronomical charts and the comm o n Chinese names with English translations are given in t h e table below. The n u m b e r of degrees in each tables does n o t add u p to 360 because in t h e 4 t h century B.C. t h e Chinese astrologers suddenly changed the division of the circle from 360° to 365° 15'.

C H I N E S E CALENDAR

1217

THE LUNAR MANSIONS-CHINESE C o m m o n Translation English N a m e Degrees

Chinese N a m e

Crocodile Dragon Badger Fox Dog Wolf Hare Porcupine Rat Leopard Griffon Bat Pheasant Gibbon Cock Crow Horse Earthworm Deer Monkey Serpent Stag Sheep Tapir Swallow Ox Tiger

Keo Kang Te Fang Sin Wei Ke Tow New Neu Heu Wei Shih Peih Kwei Lew Wei Maou Peih Tsuy Tsati Tsing Kwei LewSing Chang Yen Chin

Pig

The Chinese use a 60 day cycle which works the same way as the 60 year cycle and uses the same system of 12 and 10 signs. For example, the name of the first day in the 60-day cycle is Kia-tzu. The name of the second day is I-Chou, and so on. Because of the 60-day cycle, the day on which each year begins moves 5 (or in leap year 6) days forward. The Chinese New Year falls on the new moon Feb. Mar. April May

5 19 5 20 5 20 5 21

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Spring begins The Rain Water The Excited Insects The Vernal Equinox The Clear and Bright The Grain Rains The Summer Begins The Grain Fills

Soochow Astronomical Chart English N a m e Degrees

11° 11 18 5 7 16 9 24 8 12 10 20 15 12 12 13 13 8 15 1 11 31 4 17 9 18 17 13

The Horn Neck of the Dragon Root or Base House Dragon's Heart Dragon's Tail Sieve Measure (or bushel) Ox Virgin Emptiness Danger (Fate) Room Wall Sandal Reapers Stomach (Grain Store) Setting Sun End Bird's Bill Military Chieftan Well Spirits of Dead Willow Star Drawn Bow Wing of Red Bird Crossbar of Chariot

12° 9 16 6 6 19 11 25 7 11 9 16 17 9 16 12 15 11 17 I 10 34 2 14 7

17 19 17

nearest to the 15th degree of Aquarius. In modern times this corresponds to about the 4th or the 5 th of February so that the new moon could be 15 days on either side of that date. The year is divided into 24 periods of about 2 weeks each (each covers 15° on the 360° circle). The names of these periods with approximate dates are given below:

Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov

7 23 8 23 8 23 7 22

13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

The Autumn Begins The Limit of Heat The White Dew The Autumnal Equinox The Cold Dew The Hoar Frost Descends The Winter Begins The Little Snow

2181 CHINESE CALENDAR June July

6 21 7 23

Dec.

9• The Grain in Ear 10. The Summer Solstice I I . The Slight Heat 12. The Great Heat

7 21 6 21

Jan.

T h e Chinese adopted the Gregorian calendar

21. 22. 23. 24.

The Heavy Snow The Winter Solstice The Little Cold The Severe Cold

Chinese N e w Year, the Chinese cycle number,

in 1 9 1 1 for official p u r p o s e s , b u t t h e a n c i e n t

t h e y e a r n a m e , its p l a c e in t h e c y c l e , a n d t h e

l u n a r c a l e n d a r is still in g e n e r a l use.

J a p a n e s e n a m e o f t h e y e a r a n d t h e year n u m b e r .

In the 2 0 0 0 - y e a r conversion table below, we give the W e s t e r n year, the W e s t e r n date o f the

T h e r e is a n a s t e r i s k n e x t t o t h o s e years in w h i c h t h e r e is a n i n t e r c a l a r y m o n t h .

CHINESE AND JAPANESE CALENDARS tH

3 Western Date of New Year (Julian)

Z

Ü *u U

u "5 o e

Chinese Y e a r N a m e & Cycle Sin-yu Jin-siuh Kwei-hai Kiah-tse Yih-chau Ping-yiu

58 59 60 1 2 3

4 25 14 2 22 9

Ting-mau Wu-shin Ki-se Kang-wu Sin-wi Jin-shin

4 5 6 7

Jan Jan Feb Jan Jan Feb

30 19 6 27 16 3

Kwei-yu Kiah-siuh Yih-hai Ping-tse Ting-chau Wuyin

10 11 12 13 14 15

19 20* 21 22 23 24»

Jan Feb Jan Jan Feb Jan

23 10 31 20 7 28

Ki-mau Kang-shin Sin-se Jin-wu Kwei-wi Kiah-shin

16 17 18 19 20 21

25 26 27 28* 29 30

Jan Feb Jan Jan Feb Jan

17 4 25 14 2 22

Yih-yu Ping-siuh Ting-hai Wutse Ki-chau Kang-yin

22 23 24 25 26 27

1 A.D. 2 3 4* 5 6

Feb Jan Jan Feb Jan Jan

10 31 20 7 28 17

7 8* 9 10 11 12*

Feb Jan Jan Feb Jan Feb

13 14 15 16* 17 18

44

45

8 9

*

*

#

*

#

#

#

*

#

*

#

Japanese N a m e o f Y e a r Cycle and Y e a r N u m b e r Kanno-to-torri Midsno-je-in Midsno-to-y Kino-je-ne Kino-to-oos Fino-je-torra

661 662 663 664 665 666

Fino-to-ov Tsutsno-je-tats Tsutsno-to-mi Kanno-je-ooma Kanno-to-tsitsuse Midsno-ie-sar

667 668 669 670 671 672

Midsno-to-torri Kino-je-in Kino-to-y Fino-je-ne Fino-to-oos Tsutsno-je-torra

673 674 675 676 677 678

Tsutsno-to-ov Kanno-je-tats Kanno-to-mi Midsno-je-ooma Midsno-totsitsuse Kino-je-sar

679 680 681 682 683 684

Kino-to-torri Fino-je-in Fino-to-y Tsutsno-je-ne Tsutsno-to-oos Kanno-je-torra

685 686 687 688 689 690

CHINESE/JAPANESE

« x. Ï c

Western Date of New Year (Julian) eb 9 31 an 30 an 19 33 34 eb 6 an 27 35 36*

Sin-mau Jin-shin Kwei-se Kiah-wu Yih-wi Ping-shin

28 29 30 31 32 33

37 38 39 40* 41 42

eb an eb an an eb

3 23 10 31 20 7

Ting-yu Wu-siuh Ki-hai Kang-tse Sin-chau Jin-yin

34 35 36 37 38 39

43 44* 45 46 47 48*

an an eb an an eb

28 17 4 25 14 2

Kwei-mau Kiah-shin Yih-se Ping-wu Ting-wi Wu-shin

40 41 42 43 44 45

49 50 51 52* 53 54

an 22 eb 9 an 30 an 19 eb 6 an 27

Ki-vu Kang-siuh Sin-hai Jin-tse Kwei-chau Kiah-yin

46 47 48 49 50 51

#

16

Yih-man Ping-shin Ting-wu Wu-wu Ki-wi Kang-shin

52 53 54 55 56 57

*

Sin-yu Jin-siuh Kwei-hai Kiah-tse Yih-chau Ping-yin

58 59 60 1 2 3

55 56* 57 58 59 60*

61 62

63 64* 65

66 67

eb an eb an an

Chinese Year Name & Cycle

3 23 10 31 20

eb 7 an 28 an 17 eb 4 an 25 an 14

46

69 70 71 72*

eb an eb an in eb

2 22 9 30 19 6

Ting-mau Wu-shin Ki-se Kang-wu Sin-wi Jin-shin

4 5 6 7 8 9

73 74

an an

27 16

Kwei-yu Kiah-siuh

10 11

68*

ti #

#

*

*

*

#

*

#

*

*

*

*

#

*

CALENDARS

J a p a n e s e Name of Year Cvcle and Year Number Kanno-to-ov 691 Midsno-je-tats 692 Midsno-to-mi 693 Kino-je-ooma 694 Kino-to-tsitsuse 695 Fino-je-sar 696 Fino-to-torri Tsutsno-je-in Tsutsno-to-y Kanno-je-ne Kanno-to-oos Midsno-je-torra

697 698 699 700 701 702

Midsno-to-ov Kino-je-tats Kino-to-mi Fino-je-ooma Fino-to-tsitsuse Tsutsno-je-sar

703 704 705 706 707 708

Tsutsno-to-torri Kanno-je-in Kannoto-y Midsno-je-ne Midsno-to-os Kino-je-torra

709 710 711 712 713 714

Kino-to-ov Fino-je-tats Fino-to-mi Tsutsno-je-ooma Tsutsno-to-tsitsuse Kanno-je-sar

715 716 717 718 719 720

Kanno-to-torri Midsno-je-in Midsno-to-y Kino-je-ne Kino-to-oos Fino-je-torra

721 722 723 724 725 726

Fino-to-ov Tsutsno-je-tats Tsutsno-tomi Kanno-je-ooma Kanno-to-tsituse Midsno-je-sar

727 728 729 730 731 732

Midsno-to-torri Kino-je-in

733 734

1219

2 2 0 1 CHINESE/JAPANESE

CALENDARS «

Western Date of New Year (Julian) Feb 3 75 J a n 23 76* 77 Feb 10 78 J a n 31

o ^ a; o u

3

Chinese Year N a m e & Cycle Yih-hai 12 Ping-tse 13 Ting-chau 14 Wu-yin 15

J a n 20 Feb 7 J a n 28 J a n 17 Feb 4 J a n 15

Ki-mau Kang-shin Sin-se Jin-wu Kwei-wi Kiah-shin

16 17 18 19 20 21

85 86 87 88»

Jan Jan

90

25 14 Feb 2 J a n 22 Feb 9 J a n 30

Yih-yu Ping-siuh Ting-hai Wu-tse Ki-chau Kang-yin

22 23 24 25 26 27

91 92* 93 94 95 96*

J a n 19 Feb 6 J a n 27 J a n 16 Feb 3 J a n 23

Sin-mau Jin-shin Kwei-so Kiah-wu Yih-wi Ping-shin

28 29 30 31 32 33

97 98 99 100* 101 102

Feb 10 J a n 31 J a n 20 Feb 7 J a n 28 J a n 17

Ting-yu Wu-siuh Ki-hai Kang-tse Sin-chau Jin-yin

34 35 36 37 38 39

103 104* 105 106 107 108*

Feb 4 J a n 25 J a n 14 Feb 7 J a n 22 Feb 9

Kwei-mau Kiah-shin Yih-se Ping-wu Ting-wi Wu-shin

40 41 42 43 44 45

109 110 111 112* 113 114

J a n 30 J a n 19 Feb 6 Jan 27 Jan 16 Feb 3

Ki-yo Kang-siuh Sin-hai Jin-tse Kwei-chau Kiah-yin

46 47 48 49 50 51

115 116* 117 118

J a n 23 Feb 10 J a n 31 J a n 20

Yin-mau Ping-shin Ting-wu Wu-wu

52 53 54 55

OO

79 80* 81 82 83 84 4

U ® r y u S § >5 S *

#

#

#

#

#

#

*

#

#

*

#

*

*

#

*

Japanese Name of Year Cycle and Year Number Kino-to-y 735 736 Fino-je-ne Fino-to-oos 737 Tsutsno-je-torra 738 Tsutsno-to-ov Kanno-je-tats Kanno-to-mi Midsno-je-ooma Midsno-to-tsitsuse Kino-je-sar

739 740 741 742 743 744

Kino-to-torri Fino-je-in Fino-to-y Tsutsno-je-ne Tsutsno-to-oos Kanno-je-torra

745 746 747 748 749 750

Kanno-to-ov Midsno-je-tats Midsno-to-mi Kno-je-ooma Kino-to-tsitsuse Fino-jo-sar

751 752 753 754 755 756

Fino-to-torri Tsutsno-je-in Tsutsno-to-v Kanno-je-ne Kanno-to-oos Midsno-je-torra

757 758 759 760 761 762

Midsno-to-ov Kino-je-tats Kino-to-mi Fino-je-ooma Fino-to-tsitsuse Tsutsno-je-sar

763 764 765 766 767 768

Tsutsno-to-torri Kanno-je-in Kanno-to-v Midsno-je-ne Midsno-to-oos Kino-je-torra

769 770 771 772 773 774

Kino-to-o? Fino-je-tats Fino-to-mi Tsutsno-je-ooma

775 776 777 778

CHINESE/JAPANESE

Western Date of New Year (Julian) Feb 7 119 Jan 28 120*

Chinese Year Name & Cycle Ki-wi Kang-shin

56 57

Sin-yu Jin-siuh Kwei-hai Kiah-tse Yih-chau Ping-yin

58 59 60 1 2 3

S g £ S *

121 122 123 124* 125 126

Jan 17 Feb 4 J a n 25 Jan 14 Feb 2 J a n 22

127 128* 129 130 131 132*

Feb 9 Jan 30 Jan 19 Jan 27 Jan 16 Feb 3

Ting-mau Wu-shin Ki-se Kang-wu Sin-wi Jin-shin

4 5 6 7 8 9

133 134 135 136* 137 138

Jan Feb Jan Jan Feb Jan

23 10 31 20 7 28

Kwei-vu Kiah-siuh Yih-hai Ping-tse Ting-chau Wu-yin

10 11 12 13 14 15

*

139 140* 141 142 143 144*

Jan 17 Feb 4 Jan 25 Jan 14 Feb 2 Jan 22

Ki-mau Kang-shin Sin-se Jin-wu Kwei-wi Kiah-shin

16 17 18 19 20 21

*

145 146 147 148* 149 150

Feb 9 J a n 30 Jan 19 Feb 6 Jan 27 Jan 16

Yih-yu Ping-siuh Ting-hai Wutse Ki-chau Kang-yin

22 23 24 25 26 27

151 152* 153 154 155 156*

Feb 3 Jan 23 Feb 10 Jan 31 J a n 20 Feb 7

Sin-mau Jin-shin Kwei-se Kiah-wu Yih-wi Ping-shin

28 29 30 31 32 33

157 158 159 160* 161 162

Jan 28 Jan 17 Feb 4 Jan 25 Jan 14 Feb 2

Ting-yu Wu-siuh Ki-hai Kang-tse Sin-chau Jin-yin

34 35 36 37 38 39

47

#

#

#

*

#

*

#

#

*

*

*

*

CALENDARS

Japanese Name of Year Cycle and Year Number Tsutsno-to-tsituse Kanno-je-sar

779 780

Kanno-to-torti Midsno-je-in Midsno-to-y Kino-je-ne Kino-to-oos Fino-je-torra

781 782 783 784 785 786

Fino-to-ov Tsutsno-je-tats Tsutsno-to-mi Kanno-je-ooma Kanno-to-tsitsuse Midsno-je-sar

787 788 789 790 791 792

Midsno-to-torri Kino-je-in Kino-to-y Fino-je-ne Fino-to-oos Tsutsno-je-torra

793 794 795 796 797 798

Tsutsno-to-ov Kanno-je-tats Kanno-to-mi Midsno-je-ooma Midsno-to-tsitsuse Kino-je-sar

799 800 801 802 803 804

Kino-to-torri Fino-je-in Fino-to-y Tsutsno-je-ne Tsutsno-to-oos Kanno-je-torra

805 806 807 808 809 810

Kanno-to-ov Midsno-je-tats Midsno-co-mi Kino-je-ooma Kino-to-tsitsuse Fino-je-sar

811 812 813 814 815 816

Fino-to-torri Tsutsno-je-in Tsutsno-to-y Kanno-je-ne Kanno-to-oos Midsno-je-torta

817 818 819 820 821 822

1221

222 / CHINESE/JAPANESE

Western Date of N e w Y e a r (Julian)

CALENDARS 3

0 Z u U

5 S

163 164* 165 166 167 168*

J a n 22 Feb 9 J a n 13 J a n 19 Feb 6 J a n 27

Kwei-mau Kiah-shin Yih-se Ping-wu Ting-wi Wu-shin

40 41 42 43 44 45

169 170 171 172* 173 174

J a n 16 Feb 3 J a n 23 Feb 10 J a n 31 J a n 20

Ki-yu Kang-siuh Sin-hai Jin-tse Kwei-chau Kiah-yin

46 47 48 49 50 51

175 176* 177 178 179 180*

Feb 7 J a n 28 J a n 17 Feb 4 J a n 25 J a n 14

Yih-mau Ping-shin Ting-wu Wu-wu Ki-wi Kang-shiu

52 53 54 55 56 57

181 182 183 184* 185 186

Feb 2 J a n 22 Feb 9 J a n 30 J a n 19 Feb 6

Sin-yu Jin-siuh Kwei-hai Kiah-tse Yih-chau Ping-yin

58 59 60 1 2 3

187 188* 189 190 191 192*

Jan 27 J a n 16 Feb 3 J a n 23 Feb 10 Jan 31

Ting-mau Wu-shin Ki-sc Kang-wu Sin-wi Jin-shin

4 5 6 7 8 9

193 194 195 196* 197 198

J a n 20 Feb 7 J a n 28 J a n 17 Feb 4 J a n 25

Kwei-yu Kiah-siuh Yih-hai Ping-tse Ting-chau Wu-yin

10 11 12 13 14 15

*

199 200* 201 202 203 204*

J a n 14 Feb 2 J a n 22 Feb 9 J a n 30 J a n 19

Ki-mau Kang-shin Sin-se Jin-wu Kwei-wi Kiah-shin

16 17 18 19 20 21

*

205 206

Feb 6 J a n 27

Yih-yu Ping-siuh

22 23

48

*

*

#

#

#

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

#

#

J a p a n e s e N a m e of Y e a r Cycle a n d Y e a r N u m b e r Midsno-to-ov Kino-je-tats Kino-to-mi Fino-je-ooma Fino-to-tsitsuse Tsutsno-je-sar

823 824 825 826 827 828

Tsutsno-to-torri Kanno-je-in Kanno-to-y Midsno-je-ne Midsno-to-oos Kino-je-torra

829 830 831 832 833 834

Kino-to-ov Fino-je-tats Fino-je-mi Tsutsno-je-ooma Tsutsno-to-tsitsuse Kanno-je-sar

835 836 837 838 839 840

Kanno-to- torri Midsno-je-in Midsno-to-y Kino-je-ne Kino-to-oos Fino-je-torra

841 842 843 844 845 846

Fino-to-ov Tsutsno-je-tats Tsutsno-to-mi Kanno-je-ooma Kanno-to-tsitsuse Midsno-je-sar

847 848 849 850 851 852

Midsno-to-torri Kino-je-in Kino-to-y Fino-je-ne Fino-to-oos Tsutsno-je-torra

853 854 855 856 857 858

Tsutsno-to-ov Kanno-je-tats Kanno-to-mi Midsno-je-ooma Midsno-to-tsitsuse Kino-je-sar

859 860 861 862 863 864

Kino-to-torri Fino-je-in

865 866

CHINESE/JAPANESE >. urt 3 u "a _

0

Western Date of N e w Y e a r (Julian)

^ oj "3 u

Chinese Year N a m e & Cycle

« g £ g

207 208* 209 210

J a n 16 Feb 3 J a n 23 Feb 10

Ting-hai Wu-tse Ki-chau Kang-yin

24 25 26 27

211 212» 213 214 215 216*

J a n 31 J a n 20 Feb 7 J a n 28 J a n 17 Feb 4

Sin-mau Jin-shin Kwei-se Kiah-wu Yih-wi Ping-shin

28 29 30 31 32 33

217 218 219 220* 221 222

J a n 25 Feb 14 Feb 2 J a n 22 Feb 9 J a n 30

Ting-yu Wu-siuh Ki-hai Kang-tse Sin-chau Jin-yin

34 35 36 37 38 39

223 224* 225 226 227 228*

J a n 19 Feb 6 J a n 27 J a n 16 Feb 3 J a n 23

Kwei-mau Kiah-shin Yih-se Ping-wu Ting-wi Wu-shin

40 41 42 43 44 45

229 230 231 232* 233 234

Feb 10 J a n 31 J a n 20 Feb 7 J a n 28 J a n 17

Ki-yu Kang-siuh Sin-hai Jin-tse Kwei-chau Kiah-yin

46 47 48 49 50 51

235 236* 237 238 239 240*

Feb 4 J a n 25 J a n 14 Feb 2 J a n 22 Feb 9

Yih-mau Ping-shin Ting-wu Wu-wu Ki-wi Kang-shin

52 53 54 55 56 57

241 242 243 244» 245 246

Jan Jan Feb Jan Jan Feb

30 19 6 27 16 3

Sin-yu Jin-siuh Kwei-hai Kiah-tse Yih-chau Ping-yin

58 59 60 1 2 3

247 248* 249 250

J a n 23 Feb 10 J a n 31 J a n 20

Ting-mau Wu-shin Ki-se Kang-wu

4 5 6 7

*

*

#

#

#

#

*

*

#

*

*

*

#

*

*

#

*

CALENDARS

J a p a n e s e N a m e of Y e a r Cycle a n d Y e a r N u m b e r Fino-to-y Tsutsno-je-ne Tsutsno-to-oos Kanno-je-torra

867 868 869 870

Kanno-to-ov Midsno-je-tats Midsno-to-mi Kino-je-ooma Kino-to-tsitsuse Fino-je-sar

871 872 873 874 875 876

Fino-to-torri Tsutsno-je-in Tsutsno-to-y Kanno-je-ne Kanno-to-oos Midsno-je-torra

877 878 879 880 881 882

Midsno-to-ov Kino-je-tats Kino-to-mi Fino-je-ooma Fino-to-tsitsuse Tsutsno-je-sar

883 884 885 886 887 888

Tsutsno-to-torri Kanno-je-in Kanno-to-y Midsno-je-ne Midsno-to-oos Kino-je-torra

889 890 891 892 893 894

Kino-to-ov Fino-je-tats Fino-to-rai Tsutsno-je-ooma Tsutsno-to-tsitsuse Kanno-je-sar

895 896 897 898 899 900

Kanno-to-torri Midsno-je-in Midsno-to-y Kino-je-ne Kino-to-oos Fino-je-torra

901 902 903 904 905 906

Fino-to-ov Tsutsno-je-tats Tsutsno-to-mi Kanno-je-ooma

907 908 909 910

1223

2241 CHINESE/JAPANESE

CALENDARS

Western Date

Z

of New Year (Julian)

u

^

"au « ti w J> § >S S

Chinese Year N a m e & Cycle

251 252*

Feb 7 Jan 28

Sin-wi Jin-shin

253 254 255 256* 257 258

Jan 17 Feb 4 Jan 25 Jan 14 Feb 2 Jan 22

Kwei-yu Kiah-siuh Yih-hai Ping-tse Ting-chau Wu-yin

10 11 12 13 14 15

259 260* 261 262 263 264*

Feb 9 Jan 13 Jan 19 Feb 6 Jan 27 Jan 16

Ki-mau Kang-shin Sin-se Jin-wu Kwei-wi Kiah-shin

16 17 18 19 20 21

265 266 267 268* 269 270

Feb 3 Jan 23 Feb 10 Jan 31 Jan 20 Feb 7

Yih-yu Ping-siuh Ting-hai Wu-tse Ki-chau Kang-yin

22 23 24 25 26 27

271 272* 273 274 275 276*

Jan 28 Jan 17 Feb 4 Jan 25 Jan 14 Feb 2

Sin-mau Jin-shin Kwei-se Kiah-wu Yih-wi Ping-shin

28 29 30 31 32 33

277 278 279 280* 281 282

Jan 23 Feb 9 Jan 30 Jan 19 Feb 6 Jan 27

Ting-yu Wu-siuh Ki-hai Kang-tse Sin-chau Jin-yin

34 35 36 37 38 39

*

283 284* 285 286 287 288*

Jan 16 Feb 3 Jan 23 Feb 10 Jan 31 Jan 20

Kwei-mau Kiah-shin Yih-se Ping-wu Ting-wi Wu-shin

40 41 42 43 44 45

*

289 290 291 292* 293 294

Feb 7 J a n 28 Jan 17 Feb 4 Jan 25 Jan 14

Ki-yu Kang-siuh Sin-hai Jin-tse Kwei-chau Kiah-yin

46 47 48 49 50 51

8 9 *

•

#

#

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

#

*

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Japanese Name of Year Cycle and Year Number Kanno-to-tsitsuse Midsno-je-sar

911 912

Midsno-to-torri Kino-je-in Kino-to-y Fino-je-ne Fino-to-oos Tsutsno-je-torra

913 914 915 916 917 918

Tsutsno-to-ov Kanno-je-tats Kanno-to-mi Midsno-je-ooma Midsno-to-tsitsuse Kino-je-sar

919 920 921 922 923 924

Kino-to-torri Fino-je-in Fino-to-y Tsutsno-je-ne Tsutsno-to-oos Kanno-je-torra

925 926 927 928 929 930

Kanno-to-ov Midsno-je-tats Midsno-to-mi Kino-je-ooma Kino-to-tsitsuse Fino-je-sar

931 932 933 934 935 936

Fino-to-torri Tsutsno-je-in Tsutsno-to-y Kanno-je-ne Kanno-to-oos Midsno-je-torra

937 938 939 940 941 942

Midsno-to-ov Kino-je-tats Kino-to-mi Fino-je-ooma Fino-to-tsitsuse Tsutsno-je-sar

943 944 945 946 947 948

Tsutsno-to-torri Kanno-je-in Kanno-to-y Midsno-je-ne Midsno-to-oos Kino-je-torra

949 950 951 952 953 954

CHINESE/JAPANESE — 3 u 13u -Er S C

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Western Date of N e w Y e a r (Julian)

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18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 1 2 3 4 5

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Month

Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan

0

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

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WESTERN ERA 1339 W e s t e r n Era

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1 12 23 4 15 26 7 18 9 11 22 3 14 25 6 17 28 9 20 1 12 23 4 15 26 7

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Year 833 QC

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

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Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan

Solar Cycle

789 790 791 792* 793 794 795 796* 797 798 799 800* 801 802 803 804* 805 806 807 808* 809 810 811 812* 813 814 815 816* 817 818 819 820* 821 822 823 824* 825 826 827 828* 829 830 831 832*

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Month Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan (an Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan

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a. c .2

6681 6682 6683 6684 6685 6686 6687 6688 6689 6690 6691 6692 6693 6694 6695 6696 6697 6698 6699 6700 6701 6702 6703 6704 6705 6706 6707 6708 6709 6710 6711 6712 6713

3

CALENDAR OF SAINTS 1Jan

ST. ODILO Circumcision St. Fulgentius St. Felix St. Clarus

Blessed W i l l i a m Blessed Hugolinus Blessed Giuseppe Maria Tommasi St. Vicenzo Maria Strambi St. Telemachus

CALENDAR OF SAINTS 1355 2

Jan

ST. M A C A R I U S T H E Y O U N G E R The Holy Name of Jusus Sts. Narcissus, Marcellinus, and Argeus St. Martinian St. Aspasius St. Frobert St Vincentianus St. Adelard

St. Marcellinus St. Waningus Blessed Honoratus of Buzencais Blessed Philip Berruyer 10

Jan

ST. G O N Z A L V O Blessed Gregory X St. William St. Peter Urseolus St. Agatho St. Domitian St. Marcian St. Petronius

11

Jan

ST. St. St. St. St. St. St.

12

Jan

ST. V I C T O R I A N ST. A E L R E D

Blessed Gerard Cagnoli Blessed Stephana Quinzani 3

Jan

ST. G E N E V I E V E St. Florentius St. Bertilia

4

Jan

ST. R I G O B E R T or R O B E R T St. Titus St. Benedicta St. Pharailde Blessed Roger of Ellant Blessed Angela of Foligno

5

Jan

ST. S I M E O N S T Y L I T E S St. Telesphorus St. Emiliana St. Amata St. Gerlach

6

Jan

ST. G U A R I N U S or G U E R 1 N Epiphany Sts. Melchior and Gaspar St. Gertrude van der Oosten St. Peter Thomas

7

Jan

ST. VITALIS St. Lucian of Antioch St. Valentine St. Tyllo Blessed Widukind St. Canute St. Aldric St. Rainold St. Cedd

8

9

Jan

Jan

ST. S E V E R I N U S Sts. Lucian, Maximinus and Julian St. Apollinaris Claudius St. Patiens St. Felix St. Gudula St. Pega ST. A D R I A N St. Marcianna St. Peter of Sebaste

THEODOSIUS THE CENOBITE Baltshasar Hyginus Palemon Anastasius Vitalia Paulinus

St. Arcadius St. John St. Caesaria St. Benedict Biscop Blessed Bernard of Corleone St. Stephen St. Nazarius St. Ferreolus 13

Jan

BLESSED Y V E T T E ST. L E O N T I U S Blessed Godfrey of Kappenberg Blessed Berno Blessed Hildemar St. Veronica of Binasco

14

Jan

ST. H I L A R Y St. Fulgentius St. Felix of Nola St. Sabbas Blessed Engelmer Blessed Odo of Novara Blessed Odoric of Pordenone

15

Jan

ST. M A U R U S St. Paul St. Alexander the Acemete St. Ida o r I t a Blessed Geoffrey of Peronne Blessed Pierre de Castelnau St. Isidore of Alexandria

356 I CALENDAR OF SAINTS 16

Jan

ST. MARCELLUS ST. HENRY St. Priscilla St. Melas St. Honoratus St. Fursey Sts. Berard, Otho, Accursius, and Adjutus

24

Jan

ST. TIMOTHY St. Felicianus St. Babilas St. Artemius St. Macedonius St. Cadoc Blessed Paula Gambara

17

Jan

ST. ANTHONY OF THE DESERT St. Sabinus St. Ricmir St. Roseline St. Amelbert

25

Jan

18

Jan

BLESSED BEATRIX D'ESTE ST. LEOBARDUS St. Prisca St. Venerandus St. Volusianus St. Wilfrid St. Deicolus

ST. ANANIAS The Conversion of St. Paul St. Artemas Sts. MaximinusandJuventinus St. Praejectus St. Poppo

26

Jan

ST. PAULA St. Polycarp St. Alberic St. Margaret of Hungary

19

20

21

Jan

Jan

Jan

27

Jan

STS. MARTHA and MARIS ST. CANUTE St. Pontian St. Bassianus St. Lomer St. Wolstan St. Henry Blessed Beatrix of Lens Blessed Andrea of Peschiera St. Sulpitius the Pious

ST. JULIAN St. John Chrysostom St. Marius or Mary St. Lupus St. Thierry II

28

Jan

ST. SEBASTIAN St. Fabian St. Euthyraius the Great Blessed Desiderius

ST. VALERIUS ST. CHARLEMAGNE St. Flavian St. Julian St. John of Reome St. James the Palestinian

29

Jan

SAT. FRANCIS DESALES St. Constantius St. Sulpicius Severus St. Gildas the Wise St. Arnoul or Arnult Blessed Imaine Blessed Gelasius II

30

Jan

ST. BATHILDE St. Martina St. Aldegundis St. Adelelm St. Hyacintha Mariscotti Blessed Sebastian Valfre

31

Jan

ST. MARCELLA Blessed Louise Albertoni St. John Bosco St. Peter Nolasco St. Julius St. Cyrus

ST. AGNES ST. MEINRAD St. Patrodus St. Epiphanius St. Avitus Blessed Inez

22

Jan

ST. VINCENT St. Gaudentius St. Anastasius St. Dominic ofSora Blessed Gauthier of Bruges

23

Jan

ST. ILDEPHONSUS St. Raymond of Penafort St. Emerentiana St. John the Almsgiver St. Bernard

CALENDAR 1

Feb

ST. IGNATIUS St. Brigid of Kildare St. Severus St. Ursus St. Sigebert St. John of the Grating Blessed Andrea de Segni

2

Feb

ST. CORNELIUS The Purification of the Blessed Virgin St. Catherine de Ricci St. Jeanne deLestonac Blessed John Theophane Venard

3

Feb

ST. BLAISE St. Anatole St. Theodore St. Hadelin St. Anschar Blessed Elinand Blessed John Nelson

4

Feb

ST. GILBERT OF SEMPRINGHAM St. John de Britto St, Veronica or Berenice St. Isidore of Pelusium St. Theophilus the Penitent Blessed Rabanus Maurus St. Andrew Corsini St. Jeanne de Valois St. Joseph of Leonessa

5

Feb

ST. AGATHA St. Adelaide or Alice of Guelders St. Peter Baptist and his twenty-five companions

6

Feb

ST. VAAST or GASTON ST. AMANDUS St. Dorothea St. Guarinus St. Silvanus Blessed Angelus of Furci Blessed Francesca of Gubbio

7

Feb

ST. THEODORE ST. ROMUALD St. Fidelis St. Richard Blessed Anthony of Stroncone Blessed Thomas Sherwood Blessed Jacques Sales and Guillaume Saltemouche

OF SAINTS 1557

8

Feb

BLESSED JACOBA or JACQUELINE St. Meingold St. Stephen ofMuret St. JohnofMatha Blessed Isaias Boner

9

Feb

ST. APOLLONIA St. Raynald St. Nicephorus St. Cyril of Alexandria St. Sabinus St. Romanus the Wonder-Worker St. Ansbert

10

Feb

ST. SCHOLASTICA St. William of Maleval St. Austrebertha Blessed Hugh of Fosse Blessed Arnold Blessed Clare of Rimini

11

Feb

ST. ADOLPH St. Gregory St. Pascal 1 St. Lazarus St. Severin St. Jonas St. Euphrosyne The Blessed Peter Paschal and Catallan

12

Feb

ST. EULALIA St. Julian the Hospitaller of the Poor St. Benedict of Aniane The Seven Founders of the Servite Order or "Servants of the Virgin Mary"

13

Feb

ST. MARTINIAN St. Polyeuctus St. Stephen St. Gilbert Blessed Jordan of Saxony Blessed John de Triora

14

Feb

ST. VALENTINE St. Antoninus St. Maro

15

Feb

ST. GEORGIA or GEORGETTE ST. FAUSTINUS St. Eusebius St, Severus St. Walfrid St. Sigfrid

3581 CALENDAR OF SAINTS 16

Feb

ST. ELIAS ST. J U L I A N A O F N O C O M E D I A Sr. Onesimus St. Honestus Blessed Philippa Mareria

17

Feb

ST. SILVINUS St. Mariamne St. Theodulus St. Fulrad Blessed Evermodus

18

Feb

ST. C O N S T A N T 1 A or C O N S T A N C E ST. A N G I L B E R T St. Simeon St. Flavian St. Colman St. Helladius St. Theotonio Blessed John Peter Neel

19

Feb

ST. C O N R A D St. Gabinius St. Barbatus St. Beatus Blessed Boniface Blessed Alvarez of Cordova Blessed Elizabeth Picenardi

20

Feb

ST. E U C H E R I U S St. Eleutherius Blessed Wulfric St. Amata

21

Feb

BLESSED N O E L St. Severian Blessed Pepin of Landen St. Daniel St. Irene St. Felix

22

Feb

BLESSED ISABEL St. Paschasius St. Maximian St. Margaret ofCortona Blessed Giovanna Maria Blessed James Carvalho

23

Feb

ST. P E T E R D A M I A N St. Florentius St. Serenus St. Medrald St. Dositheus St. Lazarus

24

Feb

ST. M A T T H I A S St. Sergius St. Liuthard Blessed Robert of Arbrissel

25

Feb

ST. A V E R T A N U S and BLESSED R O M E O St. Caesarius St. Walburga St. Tarasius Blessed Constantius of Fabriano Blessed Sebastian d'Aparicio

26

Feb

ST. N E S T O R St. Victor St. Porphyrius St. Alexander Blessed Philippa of Guelders

27

Feb

ST. L E A N D E R St. Honorina St. Galmier or Baldonor St. Marvatus

28

Feb

ST. R O M A N U S St. Ermine St. Proterius St. Oswald Blessed Antonia Blessed Augustus Chapdelaine Blessed Villana de'Botti ST. A L B I N U S St. Eudocia St. Simplicius St. Antonina St. David Blessed Roger le Fort

2

Mar

ST. C H A D o r C E A D D A St. Luke Casali Blessed Charles the Good Blessed Henry Suso ST. M A R I N U S ST. W I N W A L L U S St. Kunigunde St. Camilla St. Titianus St. Gervinus Blessed Frederick

4

Mar

ST. CASIMIR St. Lucius I St. Leonard St. Basinus Blessed Humbert III

CALENDAR OF SAINTS 1359 5

Mar

ST. J O H N J O S E P H O F T H E C R O S S St. Theophilus St. Adrian St. Phocas

13

Mar

ST. E U P H R A S I A St. Gerald St. Eldrad Blessed Agnellus of Pisa Blessed Eric or Henry St. Patricia St. Rodriguez

14

Mar

ST. M A T I L D A or M A U D St. Lubin Blessed Jean de Barastre Blessed Peter of Moticello or of Treja

15

Mar

ST. LOUISE DE M A R I L L A C St. Longinus St. Zachary St. Clement Mary Hofbauer St. Leocritia

16

Mar

ST. A B R A H A M St. Gregory of Nicopolis St. DentlinofSoignies Blessed Torello of Poppi Sts. John de Brebceuf and Gabriel Lallemand Blessed Benedicta

17

Mar

ST. P A T R I C K St. Gertrude of Nivelles St. Agricola Blessed Thomasello

18

Mar

ST. A L E X A N D E R St. Cyril ofjerusalem St. Narcissus St. Edward St. Anselm St. Salvator of Horta Blessed Fra Giovanni Angelico

19

Mar

ST. J O S E P H St. Leontius Blessed Andrea Gallerani Blessed Sibyllina Biscossi Blessed Mark of Montegallo Blessed John of Parma

20

Mar

ST. J O A C H I M St. Photina St. Cuthbert St. Herbert or Hereberht Blessed Maurice Csaky Blessed Baptista Spagnuolo St. Wulfram

St. Eusebius of Cremona St. Virgilius St. Drausinus Blessed Romeo 6

Mar

ST. C O L E T T E St. Fridolin St. Cyril of Constantinople St. Rose of Viterbo Blessed Agnes of Bohemia

7

Mat

STS. P E R P E T U A and FELICITAS St. Thomas Aquinas St. Paul the Simple The Blessed German Gardiner and John Larke

8

Mar

ST. J O H N O F G O D St. Pontius St. Senan St. Felix of Burgundy St. Humphrey St. Vincent Kadlubek

9

Mar

ST. F R A N C E S O F R O M E St. Gregory of Nyssa St. Vitalis St. Pacianus St. Catherine of Bologna

10

Mar

STS. L E O N T I U S , C A N D I D U S , C L A U D I U S and O T H E R M A R T Y R S OF SEBASTE St. Blanchard St. Droctoveus or Droite St. Anastasia the Patrician St. Attalas

11

Mar

ST. St. St. St. St. St.

12

Mar

ST. M A X I M I L I A N St. Gregory the Great St. Paul of Leon St. Theophanes the Chronographer St. Fina or Josephine or Seraphina St. Muran or Mura

EULOGIUS Benedict Vigilius Constantine Sophronius Vindicianus

mi

CALENDAR OF SAINTS

21

Mar

ST. B E N E D I C T St. Lupicinus Blessed John ofValence Blessed Santuccia Terrebotti

22

Mar

ST. LEA St. Basil of Ancyra St. Deogratias Sts. Herlindis and Reinildis St. Benvenuto St. Nicholas of Flue St. Avitus

23

Mar

ST. V I C T O R I A N and O T H E R AFRICAN MARTYRS St. Turibius St. Joseph Oriol

24

Mar

ST. GABRIEL, A R C H A N G E L St. Catherine of Sweden

25

Mar

ST. H U M B E R T The Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin The Good Thief St. Pelagius St. Lucia Filippini St. Cyrinus or Quirinus

26

27

Mat

Mar

ST. L U D G E R St. Emmanuel St..Cassian St. Theodore Blessed Rinieri BLESSED PELLEGRINO St. John Damascene St. Rupert or Robert of Salzburg St. Lydia St. John of Egypt

St. John Climacus St. Peter de Regalado Blessed Joachim of Flora 31

Mar

ST. B E N J A M I N St. Balbina St. Daniel St. G u i d o o f P o m p o s a Blessed Bonaventure Tornielli Blessed Camilla Pia

1

Apr

ST. H U G H St. Gilbert St. Melito St. Venantius St. Valery St. Celsus

2

Apr

ST. T H E O D O S I A or T H E O D O R A ST. MARY OF E G Y P T St. Urban St. Nicetius St. Francis of Paula

3

Apr

ST. R I C H A R D St. Pancratius St. Sixtus I Sts. Agape, Chionia, and Irene St. Burgundofara or Fara Blessed Gandulphus

4

Apr

ST. ISIDORE O F SEVILLE Sts. Agathopusand Theodulus St. Zosimus St. Plato St. Benedict the Moor

5

Apr

ST. G E R A R D St. Albert St. Juliana ofCornillon Blessed Eve St. Vincent Ferret St. Catherine Tomas Blessed Crescentia Hoss

28

Mar

ST. J O H N C A P I S T R A N Blessed Jeanne Marie de Maille Blessed Venturino of Bergamo St. Guntram

29

Mar

ST. EUSTACE Sts. Jonas and Barachisius St. Cyril St. Gery St. Berthold St. Ludolfus

6

Apr

ST. P R U D E N T I U S St. Marcellinus St. Eutychius St. Vinebaud St. William of Eskilsoe Blessed Notker Balbulus or the Stammerer

BLESSED A M A D E U S O F SAVOY St. Quirinus

7

Apr

BLESSED H E R M A N N J O S E P H Sts. Epiphanius, Donatus, and Rufinus

30

Mar

CALENDAR OF SAINTS ¡561 St. Hegesippus

St. Lambert

St. Calliopius

St. Bernard of Abbeville

Blessed Evrard or Eberhard

St. Benezet St. L i d w i n a of Schiedam

8

Apr

S T . W A L T E R or G A L T E R I U S St. D i o n y s i u s

9

Apr

15

Apr

ST. P A T E R N U S

St. Perpetuus

St. Leonidas

St. Albert ofjerusalem

Sts. Anastasia and Basilissa

Blessed Julie Billiart

St. Crescens

Blessed J u l i a n of St. A u g u s t i n e

St. Peter Gonzalez or E l m o

ST. W A N D R U

16

Apr

ST. B E R N A D E T T E

ST. C A S I L D A

St. Paternus

St. M a r y of Cleophas

St. Eructuosus

St. Marcellus

St. Turibius

St. Gaucherius

Sts. Martial, Urban, Eventius, Caecilian,

St. Acacius

Julia, and their companions

St. Bademus

St. D r o g o

Blessed A n t o n i o Pavoni

Blessed Herve St. Benedict Labre

10

Apr

ST. F U L B E R T Blessed Paternus

17

Apr

Sts, Terentius, Pompeius, and Zeno and

St. Robert of Chaise-Dieu

other martyrs

11

Apr

ST. A N I C E T U S

Blessed M a r i a n a of Jesus

St. Ezechiel

St. Landric

St. Macarius of A n t i o c h

Sts. Elias, Paul, and Isidore

Blessed Maddalena of Canossa

St. Stephen H a r d i n g

ST. L E O T H E G R E A T

18

Apr

ST. P E R F E C T O

St. P h i l i p

ST. G A L D I N O

Blessed U l r i c h

St. Eusebius

Blessed Raynerius

St. A g i a

St. Guthlac

Blessed M a r i e de l'Incarnation

St. G e m m a Galgani 19 12

Apr

Apr

ST. E M M A

ST. J U L I U S I

St. George

St. Victor

St. Ursmar

St. D a m i a n

St. Expeditus

St. Zeno St. Sabbas

20

Apr

ST. M A R C E L L I N U S

Blessed Mechtilde

ST. T H E O T I M U S

Blessed A n g e l o Carletti

Sts. Sulpicius and Servilian Blessed H a r d u i n

13

Apr

ST. I D A

St. M a r c i a n

St. R o m a n u s

St. A g n e s of Montepulciano

St. U r s u s

St. H i l d e g u n d

St. M a r t i u s

Blessed O d a

St. H e r m e n g i l d St. Caradoc Blessed Ida

21

Apr

ST. A N S E L M St. Simeon St. Anastasius Sinaita

14

Apr

ST. J U S T I N

St. W o l b o d

Sts. Tiburtius, Valerian, and M a x i m u s

Blessed Bartholomew ofSavigliano

3621 CALENDAR OF SAINTS 22

Apr

ST. O P P O R T U N A

Sts. Marianus and James

ST. L E O N I D A S

St. Suitbert the Younger

Sts. Soter, Caius, and Agapetus

St. Catherine of Siena

St. Leo

St. Joseph Benedict Cottolengo

St. Theodore of Sikion 1 23

Apr

May

ST. G E O R G E

'

Apr

ST. J A M E S T H E LESS

St. Gerard

Sts. Bertha and Gumbert

St. Adalbert

St. Jeremias

St. Pusina

St. Andeol

Blessed Giles of Tyre

St. Brieuc

Blessed Egidius or Giles of Assisi 24

ST. P H I L I P

St, Sigismund St. Theodulf or Thiou

ST. F I D E L I S

St. Blessed Augustin Schoeffer

St, Honorius St. Deodatus St. Bova and St. Doda, her niece

2

Ma

>'

St. Waldebert or Gaubert

St. Wilfrid

St. Exuperius and St. Zoe, his wife; Sts.

St. Egbert

Cypriac and Theodulus, their children

St. William Girmac

Blessed Mafalda

St. Mary Euphrasia Pelletier 25

Apr

ST. M A R K T H E E V A N G E L I S T

ST. A T H A N A S I U S

3

May

STS. E V E N T I U S , T H E O D U L U S , and ALEXANDER

St. Ermin St. Heribaldus

Blessed Emily Bicchiere

St. Phoebadius

Sts. Antonina and Alexander St. Juvenal

The Great Litanies

St. Ausfrid 26

Apr

Invention of the Holy Cross

ST. R I C H A R I U S or R 1 Q U I E R ST. P A S C H A S I U S Sts. Cletus

4

May

ST. M O N I C A

St. Lucidius

Blessed Ladislaus of Gielnow

St. Trudpert

St. Florian

Blessed Alda

St. Godard St. Titianus

27

Apr

ST. Z I T A

St. Malou

St. Theophilus

St. Ethelred

St. Anthimus

The Blessed John Houghton, Robert

St. Peter Canisius 28

Apr

Lawrence, Augustine Webster

STS. T H E O D O R A and D I D Y M U S

ST. A N G E L U S

St. Arthemius

ST.PIUS V

St. Vitalis and St. Valeria

Sr. Judith or Jutta

St. Patritius

St. Aventinus

Blessed Luchesius

St. Gerontius

St. Louis Marie Grignon of Montfort

St. Nicetius or Nizier St. Hilary of Aries

29

Apr

ST. R O B E R T O F M O L E S M E St. Wilfrid the Younger

5

jjay

ST. E V O D I U S

St. Peter of Verona

St. Justus

St. H u g h o f C I u n y

St. Maurelius Blessed Bonizella Piccolomini Cacciaconti

30

Apr

ST. M A X I M U S

Blessed Prudence

Sts. Louis, Amator, and Peter

St. John before the Latin Gate

CALENDAR OF SAINTS/ 363 May

ST. STANISLAUS St. Maillard St. Hernin St. Domitian Blessed Villano Blessed Albert of Bergamo

May

ST. DESIDERATUS St. Acacius St. Dominica and St. Indract, her brother St. Aurelian St. Ida or Ita or Iduberga St. Guiron or W i r o n St. Peter of Tarentaise Blessed Amato Ronconi The Apparition of St. Michael

May

May

May

ST. G R E G O R Y OF N A Z I A N Z U S St. Pacomius St. Gerontius Blessed Adalgar or Auger Blessed Hans or John W a g n e r ST. SOLANGE St. Antoninus of Florence St. Isidore the Labourer St. Gordianus St. Job Blessed W i l l i a m or Atithelm Blessed Beatrix d'Este ST. M A M F R T U S St. Gengou Gangulphus St. Majolus of Clunty St. Gauthier ol Estetp The Blessed John Rochester and J a m e s Walworth St. Francis of Girolamo

12

May

ST. DOMITILLA STS. ACHILLEUS and NEREUS St. Pancras St. Epiphanius St. Modoald Blessed Imelda Lambertini

13

May

ST. S E R V A T U S St. Robert Bellarmine Blessed Gerald of Villamagna St. Rolanda St. Agnes St. John the Silent

14

May

BLESSED GILES St. Boniface of Tarsus St. Aglae Sts. Justa, Justina, and Henedina Sts. Victor and Cournatus St. Michael Garicoits Blessed Maria-Dominica Mazarello

15

May

ST. DENISE St. Achillius St. Dympna St. Reticius St. Rupert or Robert St. Jean-Baptiste de la Salle

16

May

ST. U B A L D U S St. Honore St. John of Ponuk or Nepomucene St. Andrew Bobola St. Simon Stock

17

May

ST. PASCAL B A Y L O N Sts. Solochon, Pamphamer, and Pamphalon St. Adrian, martyr of Alexandria, and St. Victor, Roman martyr

18

May

STS. CLAUDIA, A L E X A N D R A , JULITTA, PHANIA, THECUSA, M A T R O N A , and E U P H R A S I A St. Eric St. Dioscorus St. Felix of Cantalica

19

May

ST. PETER CELESTINE St. Ives St. Emiliana or Humiliana St. Dunstan St. Pudentiana St. Theophilus of Corte

20

May

ST. B E R N A R D I N E OF SIENA St. Théodore St. Lucifer St. Austregisilus St. Ivo ofChartres

21

May

ST. T H I B A U T ST. GISELAorISBERGE St. Hospitius St. Maurelius

22

May

ST. J U L I A ST. RITA

3641 CALENDAR OF SAINTS St. Lupus

23

May

31

May

ST. P E T R O N I L L A

St. Atto

ST. A N G E L A M E R I C I

St. Fulk

St. Silvius

St. Humilita or Rosana

Blessed Baptista Varani

St. Romanus

St. Gabriele dell' Addolorata

ST. D E S I D E R I U S

Jun

1

St. Guibert orWibert

ST. P A M P H I L U S ST. CAPRASIUS St. Claudius

St. Florentius

St. Ronan

St. William

St. Gerard

St. Michael

St. Simeon

St. John Baptist of Rossi

St. Theobald

St. Jeanne-Antide Tourret

Blessed Herculano de Piegaro 24

May

STS. D O N A T I A N and R O G A T I A N

STS. B L A N D I A N , BIBLIS, P O T H I N U S ,

St. Vincent ofLerns

M A T U R U S , SANCTUS, PONTICUS,

St. Simeon Stylites the Younger

ATTALUS, and O T H E R M A R T Y R S

St, Martha

OF T H E GAULS

St. JohnofPraido

St. Eugene I St. Erasmus or Elmo

25

May

ST. U R B A N

St. Stephen

ST. G F R A R D OF L U N E L

St. Nicholas the Pilgrim

St. Gregory V I I St. James Philippi

j

j,

St. Madeleine-Sophie Barat

ST. CLOTILDA St. Liphardus and St. Urbicius St. Genesius

26

May

ST. PHILIP N E R I

St. Morand

St. Eleutherius

The Twenty-two Martyrs of Uganda

St. Mariana de Paredes 4 27

May

Jun

St. Saturnine

St. Julius

St. Vincenza Cerosa

St. John I

St. Francis Caracciolo

St. Hildebert St. Bruno St. Eutropius

28

May

5

Jun

St. Dorotheus Sts. Florentius and Julian St. Zenaida

St, William ofGellone

Sts. Valeria, Marcia, and Cyria

St. Bernard of Menthon

Blessed Ferdinand of Portugal

Blessed Lanfranc 6 May

ST. B O N I F A C E Blessed Sanctus

ST. G E R M A I N St. Augustine of Canterbury

29

ST. Q U I R I N U S ST. O P T A T U S

ST. BEDE T H E V E N E R A B L E

Jun

ST. M A X I M I N U S

ST. N O R B E R T St. Claudius

Sr. Bonna

Sts. Artemius, Paulina, and Candida

St. Mary Magdalen of Pazzi

Sts. Gilbert and Petronilla, and Blessed Poncia

30

May

ST. F E R D I N A N D

St. Bertrand of Angouleme

ST. J O A N OF A R C

St. Alexander

St. Felix I St. Vanantius St. Walstan

7

Jun

BLESSED M A R I E - T H E R E S E D E SOUBIRAN

CALENDAR OF SAINTS 1365 St. Robert St. Colman St. Wolfgang St. Gottschalk and his companions Blessed Ann of St. Bartholomew 8

Jun

ST. M E D A R D St. Chlodulph St. Godard St. William of York Blessed Pacificus of Cerano

9

Jun

ST. PELAGIA Blessed Diana of Andolo Sts. Primus and Felician St. Richard St. Columba of lona Blessed Anna Maria Taigi

10

Jun

ST. L A N D R Y ST. OLIVIA St. Margaret St. Maximus St. Evermund St. Bardo

11

Jun

ST. B A R N A B A S St. Adelaide or Alix St. Parisius Blessed Paula Frassinetti

12

Jun

BLESSED G U Y OF C O R T O N A St. Placidus St. Odulphus St. John of Sahagun

13

Jun

ST. A N T H O N Y OF P A D U A St. Peregrinus St. Rambert St. Aventin Blessed Gerard

14

Jun

ST. BASIL Sts, Valerius and Rufinus St. Elisha Sts. Anastasius, Felis, and Digna

15

Jun

ST. G E R M A I N E C O U S I N St. Yolanda or Helen Sts. Modestus and Guy or Vitus St. Landelin

16

Jun

ST. Q U I R I C U S or C I R Y C U S St. John Francis Regis

St. Vorle St. Benno or Bernard St. Lutgard 17

Jun

ST. R A Y N E R St. Avitus St. Herve St. Bessarion St. Manuel

18

Jun

ST. E P H R A E M Sts. Marcus and Marcellinus St. Leontius St. Amandus Blessed Marina of Spoleto Blessed Hosanna of Mantua St. Elizabeth of Schönau

19

Jun

BLESSED M I C H E L I N A O F P E S A R O Sts. Gervasius and Protasius St. Juliana Falconieri St. Deodatus Blessed Odo of Cambrai

20

Jun

ST. F L O R E N T I N A or F L O R E N C E St. Silverius St. Innocentius St. Goban St. Adalbert or Albert St. John of Matera The Blessed Thomas Whitbread, John Febwick, William Waring, John Gavan. and Anthony Turner

21

Jun

ST. ALOYSIUS G O N Z A G A St. Rodolphe St. Alban St. Eusebius St. Meen Blessed John Rigby

22

Jun

ST. P A U L I N U S OF N O L A St. Alban St. Flavius Clemens Sts. John I and John IV St. Everard or Eberhard Blessed Innocent V

23

Jun

ST. A U D R E Y or E T H E L R E D A St. Walther Blessed Mary of Oignies St. Lietbertus

366 / CALENDAR 24

25

26

27

28

29

30

1

Jun

Jun

Jun

Jun

Jun

Jun

Jun

Jul

OF SAINTS

ST. J O H N THE BAPTIST St. Ivan St. Theodulf St. Bartholomew St. Rumold

St. Esther or Edissa St. Regina 2 Jul

ST. OTTO The Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary St. Monegunde St. Bernardino Realini Blessed Peter of Luxemburg

3 Jul

ST. ANATOLIUS OF LAODICEA ST. ANATOLIUS OF CONSTANTINOPLE Blessed Raymond Lully

ST. MAXENTIUS ST. DAVID St. Vigilius Sts. John and Paul St. Salvius St. Anthelm St. Pelagius St. Babolen The Blessed Madeleine Fontaine, Françoise Lanel, Theresa Fantou, and Jeanne Gérard

4

Jul

ST. BERTHA ST. ULRICH St. Florentius St. Aurelian St. Andrew of Crete

5

Jul

ST. ZOE St. Philomena Blessed Archangelus of Calatafimi St. Antonio Maria Zaccaria Blessed Elie de Bourdeilles

ST. LADISLAUS or LAZLO St. Zoilus St. Crescens St. Emilian Our Lady of Perpetual Help

6

Jul

STS. PHILEMON, APOLLONIUS, and A R R I A N St. Dominica St. Isaias St. Mechtild St. Angela St. Justus St. Maria Goretti

7

Jul

THE BLESSED ROGER DICKENSON and RALPH MILNER Sts. Cyril and Methodius The Twenty-nine Martyrs of China St. Willibald St. Ethelburga

ST. PROSPER ST. WILLIAM St. Maximus St. Adalbert St. Gohard St. Lucy St. Amandus

ST. IRENAEUS St. Alice or Aleth of Bourgotte Sts. Plutarch, Serenus, Heraclides, Hero, Herais, Potamiana, and Marcella St. Irene ST. PETER St. Paul Sts. Salome and Judith St. Emma St. BeataorBenedicta ST. PAUL St. Martial St. Lucina St. Bertrand Blessed Arnoul Cornebout St. Thibaut ST. THIERRY or THEODORIC The Precious Blood of Our Lord St. Thibaut St. Gallus

1 Jul

ST. ISABELLA or ELIZABETH OF PORTUGAL Blessed Peter the Hermit Sts. Kilian, Coloman and Totnan

9

ST. THOMAS MORE ST. J O H N FISHER The Blessed Marie Rose, Marie Claire, Marie Anne, and the other Martyrs of Orange St. Anatolia St. Veronica Giuliani The Holy Martyrs of Gorkum

Jul

CALENDAR 10

Jul

ST. FHLICITAS and THE SEVEN BROTHER MARTYRS St. Paschasius St. Ulrich Blessed Pacifkus The Blessed Martyrs of Damascus

11

Jul

ST.OLGA BLESSED OLIVER PLUNKET St. Pius I St. Cyprian St. Aleth St. Leontius the Younger

12

Jul

ST. J O H N G U A L B E R T Sts. Nabor and Felix Blessed John Jones

13

Jul

ST. EUGENE St. Anacletus I St. Sara Blessed Jacobus de Voragine

14

Jul

ST. B O N A V E N T U R E St. Felix St. Deusdedit St. Francis Solanus

15

Jul

ST. H E N R Y II ST. VLADIMIR St. Donald of Forfar Blessed Angelina of Marsciano St. Pompilius Maria Pirotti

16

Jul

O U R LADY OF M O U N T CARMEL St. Helier St. Eustathius St. Marie Madeleine Postel

17

Jul

ST. ALEXIS ST. MARCELLINA St. Benignus St. Fredegand St. Generosus and the eleven other Scillitan Martyrs The Blessed Carmelites of Compiegne

18

19

Jul

Jul

ST. CAMILLUS DE LELLIS St. Arnulf Blessed Bertha de Marbais St. Emilian St. Frederick St. Hcrve or Hervaeus ST. V I N C E N T DE PAUL Sts. J u s t a and Rufina St. Arsenius

OF SAINTS 1 3 6 7

20

Jul

ST. M A R G A R E T St. Elias St. Aurelius St. Flavian St. Jerome Emiliani Blessed Gregory Lopez

21

Jul

STS. V I C T O R , LONGINUS, ALEXANDER, and FELICIAN St. Praxedes St. Daniel Blessed Oddino Barotti

22

Jul

ST. M A R Y M A G D A L E N St. Wandrille St. Lorenzo da Brindisi

23

Jul

ST. APOLLINARIS St. Liborius St. Anne or Susanna St. John Cassian

24

Jul

ST. C H R I S T I N A THE ASTONISHING St. Christina St. Boris or Roman and Sr. Gleb or David Blessed Cunegundes Blessed Anthony Turriani Blessed Louise of Savoy

25

Jul

ST. J A M E S THE GREATER ST. C H R I S T O P H E R St. Valentina St. Cucufatis

26

Jul

ST. A N N E St. Erastus St. Simeon St. Bartolomea Capitanio

27

Jul

STS. NATALIA, AURELIUS, LILIOSA, FELIX, and GEORGE St. Pantaleon St. Desiderius St. Celestine I St. Ursus The Seven Sleepers of Ephesus

28

Jul

ST. SAMSON Sts. Nazarius and Celsus St. Victor I St. Innocent I St. Geran

368 / CALENDAR 29

Jul

OF SAINTS

ST. M A R T H A

7

Aug

ST. C A J E T A N

St. Beatrix

St. Donatus

St. Lupus

Another St. Donatus

St. Olaf

Blcssedjordan of Padua

St. William St. Constantine

8

Aug

St. Seraphia

STS. CYRIACUS, LARGUS, S M A R A G D U S , and S I S I N N I U S F O U R T E E N H O L Y HELPERS

30

Jul

ST. JULITTA

St, Hugolina

St. Abel

Blessed Juana of Aza

St, Rufinus St. Donatilla

9

Aug

ST, JEAN-BAPTISTE-MARIE V I A N N E Y

Blessed Manes

St. Amor

Sts. Abdon and Sennen

St. Samuel ofEdessa St. Maurilius

31

Jul

ST. I G N A T I U S LOYOLA St. Fabius

10

Aug

ST. L A W R E N C E

St. Peter II

St. Philomena

St. John Colombini

St. Arey or Aregius

St. Germain of Auxerre

St. Hugh of Montaigu St. Autor

1

Aug

St. Blane

ST. B A U D A R 1 N U S or B A U D R Y St. Exuperius or Spire St. Arcadius

11

Aug

ST. S U S A N N A

St. Jonatus

St. Gerard of Gallinaro

Blessed John of Rieti

St. Gery St. Taurinus

St. Peter Advincula

St. Gilberta or Agilberta 2

Aug

ST. A L P H O N S U S L I G U O R I St. Serenus

12

Aug

St. Alfrida or Etheldreda

St. Anicetus

St. Stephen I 3

Aug

ST. L Y D I A St. Nicodemus

St. Hilaria 13

Aug

St. Vitalina

Blessed Peter Julian Eymard Aug

St. John Berchmans Sts. Hippolytus and Concordia

ST. D O M I N I C St. Aristarchus

ST. R A D E G U N D E St. Maximus the Confessor

Blessed Geoffrey de Loudoun

4

ST. CLARE St. Cecelia

14

Aug

St. Raynerius

ST. A T H A N A S I A or A N A S T A S I A St. Marcellus St. Eusebius

5

Aug

ST. ABEL

Blessed Eberhard

Dedication of the Church of St. Mary of the Snow

15

Aug

ST. A R N O U L

St. Oswald

The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin

St. Nonna

St, Tarsicius

St. Emidius

St. Stanislas Kostka

ST. S I X T U S I I

16

Aug

ST. R O C H

BLESSED O C T A V I A N U S

St. Simplicianus

Sts. Justus and Pastor

St. Fraimbault

Blessed Bertha

Blessed Lawrence Loricatus

The Transfiguration of our Lord

Blessed Beatrix da Silva

CALENDAR OF SAINTS 17

18

Aug

Aug

STS. LIBERATOS, BONIFACE, RUSTICUS, SERVUS, R O G A T U S , SEPTIMUS, and M A X I M U S St. Hyacinth Blessed Jeanne Delanoue St. Mamas St. Elias the Younger ST. HELENA St. Milo St. Agapitus St. Rusticus Blessed Leonard Blessed A i m o Taparelli

19

Aug

ST. J O H N EUDES Blessed Burchard St. Sebaldus St. Louis of Anjou or of Toulouse

20

Aug

ST. B E R N A R D OF C L A I R V A U X St. Samuel Sts. Christopher and Leovigild St. Philibert St. Amator or Amadour

21

Aug

ST. J A N E FRANCES DE C H A N T A L St. Privatus Blessed Hombelina St. Baldwin St. Alberic

22

Aug

ST. H I P P O L Y T U S ST. S Y M P H O R I A N St. Sigfrid

23

Aug

ST. SIDONIUS APOLLINARIS The Immaculate Heart of Mary St. Flavian Blessed Richilde St. Philip Benizi

24

25

Aug

Aug

ST. B A R T H O L O M E W St. Ouen Blessed Emilif de Vialar St. Maria-Michaela ST. LOUIS St. Genesius of Aries St. Genesius of Rome St. Patricia St. Aredius or Yrieix Blessed Thierry I Blessed Thomas a Kempis

1369

26

Aug

ST. Z E P H Y R I N U S St. Victor St. Pelagia St. leannc-Elisabeth Bichier des Ages

27

Aug

ST. CAESARIUS OF ARLES St. Poemen or Pastor St. Lizier St, Joseph Calasanctius

28

Aug

ST. A U G U S T I N E St. Hermes St. J u l i a n of Brioude or of Auvergne St. Moses St. Vivianus Blessed Gobert The Blessed W i l l i a m Dean, W i l l i a m Gunther, Robert Morton, H u g h More, Thomas Holford, James Claxton, and Thomas Felton

29

Aug

STS. SABINA and SERAPHIA The Beheading of St. John the Baptist St. Candida or Adavisa St. Medericus

30

Aug

ST. ROSE OF LIMA St. Fiacre St. Pammachius Blessed Juvenal Ancina

31

Aug

ST. R A Y M O N D N O N N A T U S St. Aristides St. Amatus St. Paulinus

1

Sep

ST. LUPUS St. Giles or Egidius St. Augustus St. Nivard

Sep

ST. J U S T U S St. Eleazar St. Comus of Crete St. Stephen of Hungary

3

Sep

ST. R E M A C U L U S St. Antoninus Sts. Euphemia, Dorothea, Thecla, and Erasmus St. Mansuetus

4

Sep

ST. ROSALIA St. Candida St. Marinus St. Moses

3701 CALENDAR OF SAINTS 5

Sep

ST. B E R T I N

15

Sep

BLESSED R O L A N D

St. Lawrencejustinian

St. Nicomedes

St. Aman or Aignan

St. Albinus

St. Urban

Blessed Aichardus St. Aper

6

Sep

St. Catherine of Genoa

ST. M A G N U S or M A G N O A L D U S St. Eve Sts. Donatian, Mansuetus, Germanus,

16

Sep

ST. C Y P R I A N St. Edith

Praesidus, Fusculus, and Laetus

St. Cornelius

Sts. Faustus and Macarius, and ten other

St. Ludmilla

Christians St. Zacharias 17 7

Sep

Sep

St. Columba

ST. C L O D O A L D or C L O U D

St. Narcissus

St. Gratus

St. Hildegard

St. Madelberte

8

Sep

BLESSED S E R A P H I N A SFORZA

18

Sep

St. Stephana

St. Achilles

St. Joseph of Cupertino

St. Belina 19 Sep

ST. S O P H I A ST. R I C H A R D I S or R I C H I L D A

The Nativity of the Blessed Virgin

9

ST. L A M B E R T The Stigmata of St. Francis

ST. R E G I N A

Sep

ST. J A N U A R I U S

ST. O M E R

St. Desiderius

St. Peter Claver

St. Miletus

St. Bettelin

St. Lucy of Scotland

St. Osmana

St. Marie-Emilie de Rodat

Blessed Aesop 20 10

Sep

Sep

ST. E U T A C H I U S

ST. P U L C H E R I A

Sts. Pirvatus and Dionysius

St. Nicholas of Tolentino

St. Vincent Madelgaire or Mauger

St. Aubert

Blessed Yves Mayeuc

St. Theodard

Blessed Francis de Posadas

Sts. Sosthenes and Victor 21 11

Sep

Sep

ST. M A T T H E W St. Iphigenia

STS. H Y A C I N T H and P R O T U S

Blessed Bernardina

BLESSED JEAN-GABRIEL P E R B O Y R E St. Adelphus St. Emilian

22

Sep

12

Sep

OF T H E T H E B A N L E G I O N St. Lo

BLESSED M A R I A V I C T O R I A F O R N A R I

St. Salaberga

Sts. Leontius and Valerian and four other

St. Silvanus

Christians of Alexandria St. Bonna

STS. M A U R I C E , E X U P E R I U S , C A N D I D U S , and O T H E R M A R T Y R S

St. Vcran

^

^

St. Guy of Anderlecht

ST. L I N U S ST. T H E C L A St. Hereswitha

13

Sep

ST. A M A T U S St. Maurilius

24

Sep

O U R L A D Y OF M E R C Y St. Andochius

14

Sep

ST. M A T E R N U S

St. Rusticus

The Exaltation of the Holy Cross

St. Paphnutius

St. Odilard

St. Germer

CALENDAR OF SAINTS I ]ll 25

Sep

ST. F I R M I N U S

Sts. Flavia and Firmatus

Srs. Paul and Tatta

Blessed John of Penna

Sts. Aurelia and Neomesia St. Lupus of Lyons

6

Oct

Sr. Aunarius

ST. B R U N O St. Mary Frances ot the Five Wounds St. Modesta

26

Sep

Sts. Emilius and Marcellus

STS. J U S T I N A and C Y P R I A N St. Vigilius Sts. Isaac Jogues, Jean de Lalande and

7

Oct

Rene Goupil

ST. S E R G I U S ST. A R T H O L D St. Augustus

27

Sep

STS. C O S M A S and D A M I A N

St. Justina

St. Hiltrude

St. Pallais

St. Elzear 8 28

Sep

Oct

ST. B R I D G E T St. Nestor

ST. W F . N C E S I . A U S St. Thiemo

Sts. Laurentius and Palatia

St. Chariton

St. Thais

Blessed Bernardine of Feltre 9 29

30

Sep

Sep

Oct

ST. M I C H A E L T H E A R C H A N G E L

ST. D I O N Y S I U S or D E N I S T H E ARF.OPAGITF.

St. Cyriacus

St. Louis Bertrand

St. Fulgentius

St. John Leonardi

Blessed Charles of Blois

St. Ghislain

ST. J E R O M E

10

Oct

St. Ambert

STS. D A N I E L , H U G O L I N U S , S A M U E L , N 1 C H O L A S , LEO, A G N E L I . U S , and

St. Lery

DONULUS

St. Conrad

St. Paulinus St. Clair

1

Oct

ST. R E M I G I U S

St. Tancha

St. Bavoor Allowin

St. Francis Borgia

Sts, Julia, Verissima, and Maxima St. Piat

11

Oct

ST. Z E N A I D A St. Nicasius

2

Oct

ST. L E O D E G A R

St. Emilius

The Guardian Angels

St. Placida

St. Theophilus

Sts. Probus, Tarachus and Andronicus

Sts. Cyril, Primus, andSecundus

St. Gomer

St. Eleutherius St. Thomas of Hereford

12

Oct

ST. S E R A P H I N St. Eustachius

3

Oct

ST. T H E R E S A O F T H E C H I L D J E S U S

St. Maximilian

St. Gerard

St. Wilfrid

Sts. Ewald St. Cyprian

13

Oct

ST. E D W A R D St. Lubentius

4

Oct

ST. F R A N C I S O F A S S I S I

St. Reimbaut

St.Aurea

St. Theophilus

St. Callistena and St. Adauctus St. Mainfroy

14

Oct

ST. C A L L I S T U S St. Fortunatus of Todi

5

Oct

ST. P L A C I D U S

St. Fortunata

Blessed Ayrnard

St. DominicLoricatus

Sts. Constant and Alexander

St. Burchard or Burckhard

372 1 CALENDAR

OF SAINTS

15

Oct

ST. TERESA OF AVILA St. Aurelia St. Leonard of Vandceuvre or of Corbigny St. Roger

16

Oct

ST. BERTRAND OF COMM1NGES St. Gall St. Florentinus St. Mommelinus St. Gerard Majella

17

18

Oct

Oct

ST. HEDWIG St. Margaret Mary Alacoque St. Solina St. Florentine Blessed Contardo Ferrini ST. LUKE St. Mono St. Fabian ofSylvarolle

19

Oct

ST. PETER OF ALCANTARA St. Laura St. Savinianus St. Aquilinius

20

Oct

ST. IRENE St. Caprasius St. JohnCantius St. Felician

21

Oct

ST. HILARION St. Ursula and the Eleven Thousand Virgins of Cologne St. Wendelin

22

23

24

25

Oct

Oct

Oct

Oct

ST. SALOME St. Alodia and her sister St. Nunilona St. Alexander St. Mellon St. Flora BLESSED MARIE CLOT1LDE and OTHER URSULINES OF VALENCIENNES St. Bonizet or Benedict St. Oda St. Ignatius of Constantinople St. Severinus ST. RAPHAEL THE ARCHANGEL St. Antonio Maria Claret St. Florentinus STS. CRISPIN and CRISPINIAN St. Cyrene St. Chrysanthus and his wife, St. Daria

Blessed Francis of Calderola Blessed Ludovic of Arnstein St. Touchard 26

Oct

BLESSED BONNE D'ARMAGNAC St. Magloire St. Evaristus St. Rusticus

27

Oct

BLESSED ANTONIA ST. FRUMENTIUS Sts. Vincent, Sabina,and Chrysteta St. Florentius

2jj

Q[t

29

Oct

ST. NARCISSUS St. Aelfleda St. Theodore or Theudart St. Zenobius St. Eusebia of Bergamo

30

Oct

ST. DOROTHEA St. Zenobius St. Marcellus St. Alphonsus Rodriguez St. Eutropia St. Lucanus St. Foillan

31

Oct

ST. QUENTIN St. Lucilla St. Begga of Egremont St. Ultan

1

Nov

ST. BENIGNUS St. Ludre St. Amabilis All Saints

2

Nov

ST. MALACHY St. Eudoxius St. Maurus Blessed Margaret of Lorraine The Commemoration of the Faithful Departed or All Souls' Day

STS. SIMON and JUDE St. Ludard St. Faro St. Dodo

ST. HUBERT St. Papoul St. Florus Blessed Martin de Porres St. Gwenael

CALENDAR 4

5

Nov

Nov

ST. CHARLES BORROMEO St. Gilbert St. Gerard St. Vitalis St. Amantius ST. BERTILLE STS. ZACHARY and ELIZABETH St. Guiraud St. Lye St. Nataline

OF SAINTS

1373

St. Siardus Sts. Valentine, Felician, and Victor 14

Nov

ST. JOSAPHAT St. Sidonius Sts, Philomenus, Theodotus, and Clementinus St. Emmerich

15

Nov

ST. GERTRUDE St. Leopold St. Arnoul St. Desiderius St. Valeria St. Eugene St. Albert the Great

6

Nov

ST. LEONARD Blessed Christina of Stommeln St. Winnoc St. Theobald

7

Nov

ST. ERNEST St. Engelbert of Cologne St. Willibrord St. Florentius

16

Nov

ST. EDMUND St. Agnes of Assisi St. Emilion St. Othmar

8

Nov

ST. GEOFFREY St. Clair St. Drouet The Four Crowned Martyrs Blessed John Duns Scotus

17

Nov

ST. AIGNAN St. Gregory of Tours St. Gregory the Wonder-Worker St. Salome

18

Nov

9

Nov

ST. MATHURIN St. Vitonus St. Ranulfus St. Ursicinus

ST. ODO St. Hilda St. Mandez Sts. Romanus and Barulas

10

Nov

STS. NYMPHA, RESP1CIUS, and TRYPHON ST. ANDREW AVELLINO St. Alda Sts. Florence, Tiberius, and Modestus St. Justus

19

Nov

ST. ELIZABETH OF HUNGARY St. Mechtilde St. Citroine Sts. Exuperius, Felician, and Severinus St. Patroclus

20

Nov

ST. FELIX OF VALOIS St. Edmund ofEngland St. Hippolytus St. Mamas St. Octavius

21

Nov

ST. GELASIUS ST. COLUMBANUS St. Albert of Louvain Sts. Celsus and Clement

22

Nov

ST. CECILIA Sts. Philemon and Appia St. Calmin Blessed Tygride

23

Nov

ST. CLEMENT OF ROME St. Felicitas

11

12

13

Nov

Nov

Nov

ST. MARTIN OF TOURS St. Bertuin St. Veran St. Menas St. Theodore of Studium ST. RENATUS St. Christian St. Martin I St. Emilian St. Nilus St. Or ST. BRICE ST. DIDACUS or DIEGO St. Homobonus

5741 CALENDAR OF SAINTS St. T r o n d o r T r u d o St. Gobert Blessed J o h n the Good 24

Nov

Nov

ST. C A T H E R I N E O F A L E X A N D R I A St. Fintan St. Barbary St. Jucunda Blessed Elizabeth the Good

26

Nov

ST. D E L P H I N E St. Leonard of Port Maurice St. Basic St. Victorina St. Peter

28

29

Nov

Nov

Nov

Dec

STS. F L O R A and M A R I A O F C O R D O V A St. Justus St. Marius St. John of the Cross

25

27

3

Sts. Claudius and Hilaria, his wife, Sts. Jason and Maurus, their sons 4

Dec

ST. B A R B A R A St. Osmund St. Meletius St. Cyran Blessed Francis Galvez, Jerome de Angelis, and Simon Yempo St. Peter Chrysologus

5

Dec

ST. M A X I M U S O F R I E Z St. Oda or Odette St. Achar St. James Intercissus

ST. S A B B A S St. Nicetius St. Aper or Avre St. Basilissa

Dec

ST. S O S T H E N E S St. Gregory 111 St. James of the Marches St. Stephen the Younger

ST. N I C H O L A S St. Asella Sts. Majoricus, Dionysia, and Aemilianus St. Peter Paschal

Dec

ST. A M B R O S E St. Maria Josepha Rosello St. Gerard

ST. S A T U R N I N U S o r S E R N I N St. Radbod

Dec

T H E IMMACULATE CONCEPTION OF THE VIRGIN MARY St. Eucharius St. Gunthildis St. Romaric

9

Dec

ST. L E O C A D I A BLESSED CLARA ISABELLA F O R N A R I St. Balda St. Valeria St. Cyprian St. Peter Fourier Sts. Philotheus and Lollian and five other Christians

10

Dec

ST. EULALIA Our Lady of Loreto St. Valeria St. Guitmarus St. Miltiades

11

Dec

ST. D A M A S U S St. Daniel the Stylite

St, Brendan ol Birr, or the Younger The Blessed Denis of the Nativity, and Redemptus of the Cross, discalced Carmelites 30

Nov

ST. A N D R E W St. Maura St. Constantius

1

Dec

ST. ELIGIUS or ELOI St. Agericus St. Florentinus St. Nahum St. Agnofleta or Nofleta St. Simon ofCyrene

2

Dec

ST. F R A N C I S X A V I E R St. Anthemius Blessed Bernard of Toulouse St. Lucy the Chaste St. Vcranus St. Mirocles

ST. B I B I A N A or V I V I A N St. Constantine Sts. Aureliaand Paulina St. Silvanus St. Pontian Blessed John Ruysbroeck

CALENDAR OF SAINTS 1375 12

Dec

ST. C O R E N T I N U S St. Columba Blessed Conrad nl Offida Blessed Callistus

21

Dec

ST. T H O M A S St. Paul ot Latros St. Honoracus St. Themistocles

13

Dec

ST. L U C Y ST. O D I L I A or O T T I L I A St. Jodocus Blessed Bartholomew St. Aubert St. Rose Elizabeth

22

Dec

BLESSED G R A T I A N St. Flavian St. Frances Xavier Cabrini

23

Dec

ST. V I C T O R I A Blessed Hartmann St. Servulus

24

Dec

STS. ADELA and I R M I N A

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Dec

Dec

Dec

Dec

Dec

Dec

Dec

ST. St. St. St.

FORTUNATUS Agnellus Viator Spiridion

ST. N I N A or C H R I S T I A N A St. Urbicius St. Silvia or Silviana of Constantinople St. John Discalceat ST. A D E L A I D E St. Albina St. Bean St. Eusebius St. Judicael ST. OLMPIAS St, Florian Blessed Yolanda St. Begga ST. G A T I A N U S ST. FLAVITAS St. Desiderius Sts. Victurus, Victor, Victotinus, Adjutor. and Quartus St. Winebald BLESSED U R B A N V St. Adam Sts. Thea and Meuris St. Gregentius St. Timoleon or Timotheus STS. T H E O P H I L U S , Z E N O and T H E I R COMPANIONS Blessed Julia Delia Rena Sts. Bajulus and Liberatus St. Dominic of Silos St. Ursicinus

Sts. Lucian, Zenobius, and Theotimus St. Delphinus Blessed Francesco dei Maleficii 25

Dec

ST. E U G E N I A Christmas Blessed Nera St. Anastasia St. Romulus

26

Dec

ST. S T E P H E N St. Theodore St. Zosimus St. Archelaus

27

Dec

ST. J O H N T H E E V A N G E L I S T St. Nicarete St. Fabiola Sts. Theodore and Theophanes

28

Dec

THE HOLY INNOCENTS Sts. Castor, Victor, and Rogation Blessed Gaspare Hufalo

29

Dec

ST. T H O M A S B E C K E T St. David St. Eleanor Blessed Regimbert

30

Dec

ST. SAB1NUS St. Raynerius

31

Dec

ST. S Y L V E S T E R ST. C O L U M B A O F SENS St. Barbatian St. Catherine Laboure Sts. Melania the Younger and Pinianus

THE FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY CALENDAR In October, 1793 the National Convention of the French Republic instituted a new calendar based on what it considered philosophical and scientific principles. Its epoch was Sept. 2 2 , 1792, the autumnal equinox and the day following the establishment of the Republic. The calendar went into effect on Nov. 24, 1793. It was divided into 12 months of 30 days. Five (or six days in leap year) were added at the end to make it correspond with the solar year. The names of the months, invented by Fabre D'Eglantine, were taken from nature. They were:

Sept. 23 in years 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, and 14 and on Sept. 24 in year 12. Leap year occurred in the third, seventh and 11th years. The French used the Revolutionary calendar until Dec. 3 1 , 1805, when they reverted to the Gregorian calendar.

Autumn Vendcmiaire Brumaire

= =

-

Frimaire

Common Year

Leap Years 1796 & 1804

22 Sep-21 O c t 22 0 c t - 2 0 N o v

22 Sep-21 O c t 22 Oct-2() N o v

21 Nov-20 Dec

21 Nov-20 Dec

Vendémiaire—vintage month

WINTER

Brumaire—fog

Nivose

=

21 D e c - 1 9 J a n

21 Dec-19 Jan

Frimaire—sleet

Pluviôse

=

20 Jan-18 Feb

20 Jan-18 Feb

Novôse—snow

Ventôse

=

19 F e b - 2 0 M a r

19 F e b - 1 9 M a r

=

21 M a r - 1 9 A p r

=

20 Apr-19 May

20 Mar-18 A p r 19 A p r - 1 8 M a y

Prairial

=

20 M a y - 1 8 J u n

19May-17Jun

SUMMER Messidor

=

19 J u n -18 Jul

Thermidor

=

19 J u l -•17 A u g

18 J u n - 1 7 J u l 18 J u l - 1 6 A u g

Fructidor

=

18 A u g - 1 6 Sep

17 A u g - 1 5 Sep

Pluviôse—rain Ventôse—wind

SPR1NG

Germinal—seed

Germinal Floréal

Floréal—blossom Prairial—pasture Messidor—harvest Thermidor (Fervidor)—heat Fructidor—fruit

The five days, added in September, were considered holidays. Their names were: Virtue, Genius, Labor, Reason and Reward. The sixth day, added for leap year, was Revolution Day. The French calendar divided the months into three Decades of 10 days each; the 10th day was considered a day of rest. The days were named: Primidi, Duodi, Tridi, Quartidi, Quintidi, Sextidi, Septidi, Oxtidi, Nonidi and Decadi. Thus the first day of the Revolutionary calendar would be written Decade I, Sexidi of Frimaire, Year One of the Revolution. N e w Year's Day fell on Sept. 22 in years 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 of the Revolutionary calendar, on

Holidays Name Of Day

11

Dedicated Common Leap

II

III

Primidi

1

11

Duodi Tridi

2

12

21 22

3 4

13 14

23 24

5 6

15 16

25 26

Septidi

7

17

27

Octidi

8

18

28

9 19 10 2 0

29 30

Quartidi Quintidi Sextidi

Nonidi Decadi

376

Decade

To

Year

Year

Virtue

17 Sep 16 Sep

Genius Labor

18 Sep 17 Sep 19 Sep 18 Sep

Opinion

2 0 Sep 19 Sep 2 1 Sep 2 0 Sep 21 Sep

Rewards Franciade

SOVIET CALENDAR In 1918 the newly established Soviet government abandoned the Julian calendar then in use in Russia and instituted the Gregorian. That same year Finland, Latvia and Lithuania, all recently proclaimed independent of Russia, also switched to the Gregorian calendar. But in 1929, in an effort to dissociate the calendar from religious purposes, the Soviet government abandoned the western calendar and adopted a new one which contained a five-day "week." Saturday and Sunday, with their religious associations, were eliminated. The days of the week had no names but were given a number and a color. The first day was yellow, the second orange, the third red, the fourth purple and the fifth green. Each person was assigned a color indicating his or her one "day off' per week. There were five general holidays during the year: Lenin's Day, which fell on the western January 31; two Days of the Proletariat, May 1 and May 2 by Western reckoning; two Days of the Revolution, October 31 and November 1; and New Years Day, January 1. The new calendar was put into effect in October 1929. The calendar caused a great deal of confusion. It was designed so that there would be no "weekend" and work could be carried on continually. But with no uniform day of rest, the Russians had to rearrange their lives. Families had to arrange their days off so they could be together.

Friends had a difficult time meeting each other and many actually listed their acquaintances under the color which each has as a day off. By January 1930 the Soviet government realized that the system was not working and dropped the five-day week and the color system but kept the practice of labeling days by numbers. Instead they established 12 periods of five weeks, corresponding to months, each week containing six days. The first day of the month was to fall on the first day of the week. In order to make the system work, they had to make adjustments in the calendar, creating extra work days and/or extra holidays. But by 1932 it became clear that this system, too, was unworkable. That year the government tried to adjust this calendar to the general pattern of the Gregorian calendar, but because each of the Russian "months" had 30 days, the two calendars could not be coordinated. The effort to eliminate the names of the days and designate them only by numbers caused further problems. The habit of calling days and months by name was too deep rooted to be broken. Further, for people working in situations involving foreign contacts, the Gregorian calendar still had to be used. Thus, in 1940 the Soviets abandoned their attempts at calendar change and, on June 27, returned to the Gregorian Calendar.

NEW YEAR'S DAY The observance ot New Year's day on January 1 did not become standardized until the 16th century. Ancient peoples frequently celebrated it at the autumnal equinox or the summer or winter solstice. Each group followed its own calendar based on differing astrological concepts and religious and political holidays. Thus in one area New Years would fall on the summer solstice while in another it would fall on the date of the ascension of the ruler to the throne. During

the Roman period the New Year was standardized on January 1 throughout the empire. But as the empire crumbled, diversity reappeared. During the middle ages New Year's Day was celebrated in the Christian world around March 25. Following the adoption of the Gregorian calendar by the Catholic world around 1582, the day was observed on January 1. Below is a list, by century, of when certain areas celebrated the New Year. 377

THE NEW YEAR DAY

I - IV C E N T U R Y 1 Jan R o m a n Empire

Easter

Holland Flanders Hainault

V - VIII C E N T U R Y

25 Dec

G e r m a n y , general use through X I I Century Mayence, until X V Century Low Countries Guelders Friesland

1 Jan

G e r m a n y , generally to V I I I Century Hungary, in part D e n m a r k , in part Gregory of Tours, chronicler, in part Venice, civil and c o m m o n year 1 Mar Gregory o f Tours, chronicler, in part Council of Verdun - 7 5 5 France, until 8 0 0 G e r m a n y , in part, V - X Century Venice, legal documents Thassilo of Barvaria, V I I I Century Fredergarius, chronicler Easter Council of Tours - 7 7 5 1 May Annalis Pitaviennes 12 A u g D e n m a r k , in part INov Celts until 1 1 7 9 , 1 year early until 1014 25 Dec Mayence until X V Century

XI C E N T U R Y Straussburg, except 1004 1 Jan 25 Mar Sicily, 1 0 9 9 until X V Century France, before 1 0 6 6 , in part Easter France, generally, when Paschal taper lighted Eve Easter 25 Dec

Alsace, V I I I to beginning of X V I Century England V I I through 1 3 3 8 (one year behind) Cyprus D e n m a r k , in part Hungary, in part

English holdings in France 1 0 6 6 - 1 4 5 3 , in which case words " m o r e Gallicano" added. Straussburg, 1 0 0 4 only English holdings in France 1 0 6 6 - 145.3 (without " m o r e Gallicano") N o t e : — D u r i n g the X I and X I I Centuries, some chroniclers added 2 2 or 2 3 years to their reckoning.

XII CENTURY 1 Mar Bcncvento

IX C E N T U R Y 25 M a r France after 8 0 0 , until 9 9 6 . Tuscany and Florence until 1 7 5 0 Pisa, Lucca, Sienna, Lodi, until 1 7 4 5 , but 1 year behind. 25 Dec Genoa Savona Liguria

18 M a r

Liege and Treves, 1 1 0 1

25 Mar Easter 1 Nov

England, church documents Gelasius, U 1 8 and 1 1 1 9 Celtic calendar until 1 1 7 2 , after that, as English Poissons Amiens

25 Dec

XIII C E N T U R Y Picardy alter mid century 1 Jan 2 5 Mar Rheims, until 1 3 9 0 Cahors, Rodez, Tulle until 1 2 8 9 Leige, until 1 3 3 4 Treves, until 1 6 5 2 25 D e c Milan, through X V Century

X CENTURY lMar G e r m a n y , in part, 9 1 9 - 1 1 3 8 Sicily Cahors, Rodez, Tulle, until 1 2 9 0 Aragon, until 1 3 5 0 , Spanish Era Castile and Segovia until 1 3 8 3 , Spanish Era Switzerland, until X I V Century Portugal, until 1 4 2 0 , Spanish Era Good Delft Friday Dordrecht Brabant Easter France, 9 9 6 - 105 1 1 year England, church records behind

Cahors, Rodez, Tulle, after 1 2 8 9 XIV CENTURY 1 Jan Switzerland 2 5 Mar England, civil year after 1 3 3 9 Aragon until 1 3 5 0 Castile and Segovia until 1383 Utrecht until 1 3 3 3 Leige until 1 3 3 4

378

NEW YEAR DAY 1519 Easter

25 Dec

England, church from 1339 Cologne, "style of the court" Rheims, after 1390 France, except English holdings, 1363 on Cologne, church Mayence, to XV Century Utrecht, 1334 on Leige, 1334 on Aragon, after 1350 Castile and Segovia, after 1383 England, legal year

XV C E N T U R Y Chartres, 1445 on 1 Jan France, 1455 Switzerland, except Laussane and Pays du Vaud after 1431 25 Mar University of Cologne, 1428 Easter Peronne, at the lighting of the Paschal Eve taper

Easter

ljul 25 Dec

France, 1453 - 1566, except 1455 Cologne until 1429 Pays du Vaud and Laussane after 1431 Sicily until XVII Century Portugal after 1420

XVI C E N T U R Y 1 Jan Germany, Venice, Alsace, 1508 on. Hungary, 1520 on Rome, 1525 Holland, 1533 on France, in part, 1563 (edict of Charles IX) France, 1567 (year 1566, 14 Apr - 31 Dec) Low Countries, 1575 Burgundy, 1576 Beauvais, Louvaine, 1580 Scotland, 1600 Note:—For changes after 15 Oct, 1582, see country listings in Gregorian calendar section.

Index

A Ab—12 Aban—96, 151 Abib—87, 127 Abraham—72 Abreu, Pavón—268-278, 284-294 Abyssinia—126, 127 Adar—12 Adhike—173 Adur—96 Afghanistan—167-168 Aghan—172 Agrahayara—173 Ahau—267 Ahruvud—96 Akabar, Emperor—171, 189 Akbal—267, 268 Akbar—190-192 Alautun—267, 268 Alexander the Great—44, 61 Alexandria—127 Alexandrian Era—126, 127 Amerdad—96, 151 Aniram—96 Anthesterion—55 Anthyr—127 Antioch, Era of—44, 50-54, 126 Agrab—151, 168 Aquarius—151, 168 Arab Gulf—125 Arabia—3, 67 Arabic Lunar Hegira—167 Arakarse Calendar—210-212 Aran—151 Ardibehest—96 Aries—151, 168 Armenia—67-71 Arpesi—172 Asad—151, 168 Asan—172 Asarh—171 Ashadh—171

Ashasang—96 Ashtad—96 Ashwin—172 Asia Minor—44, 81, 96 Asman—96 Aspendadmad—96 Aspurdad—96 Assyria—3, 61 Aswira—172, 173 Atipala—172 Attic Calendar—54-55 Audi—171 Augustus Caesar—294 Auri—171 Auvani—172

B Babe—87,127 Babylonia—3-5, 8, 12, 61, 67, 126, 151 Bahman—96, 151 Baisakh—171 Baktun—267, 268, 278-284 Barat (Barat miasht)—167 Baramude—81, 127 Barre—151 Barsude—81 Bashans—81, 127 Baune—81, 127 Behram—96 Ben—267, 268 Bengal—171 Benin—125 Bhadon—172 Bhadra—172 Bhadurpud—172 Big Dipper—251 Bigo—125 Boedromion—55 Bombay—96 Borji—151, 168 Borji Iranian Solar Calendar— 156-166

Bozghale—151 Brumai re—376 Buddhist Calendar—190-193 Buramat—81, 127 Burma—190 Burmese Calendar—210-212

c Caban—267 Cadiz—61 Calabtun—267, 268 Cambodia—190 Cancer—151, 168 Canonical hours—319 Capricorn—151, 168 Carthage—61 Cavac—267 Ceh-268 Celts—293 Chait—172 Chaitra—171, 172 Chaitram—171 Chaitra Vadi—171 Chaldea—3, 5, 61, 126 Chau—215 Chen—268 Chicchan—268 Chinese Calendar—218-263 Christian Ecclesiastical Calendar—317-375 Christmas—127, 317 Chuon—267, 268 Churgash—168 Chytr—172 Cib—267 Cimi—268 Cohiac—127 Coptic Calendar—126-137 Council of Nicaea—294, 318 Cumhu—268 Cyrus—151

384

INDEX

D Dalu—151, 168 Danda—172 Day of Atonement—12 Day of Tabernacles—12 Days of the Proletariat—377 Days of the Revolution—377 Deh—96 Depadur—96 Depdin—96 Depmhel—96 Dey-151 Dhanus—172 Dhu al-Hijjah—71, 72 Dhu al-Qada—71 Dhul-Hijja—167 Dine—172 Diocletian—5 Diocletian, Era of—126 Domenical Letter—318 Do hadai taali miasht—167 Do Hadi miasht (Bzerga miasht)—167 Dopey kar—151 Dreyma khor—167 Dremeya chor—167 Dul—151 Dwayema chor—167 Dwayema khor—167

E Easter—317, 318, 319-329 E b — 2 6 7 , 268 Ecclesiastical Calendar—329 Eed es Keeber—72 Eed es Sagheer—72 Egypt—3, 5, 72, 126, 127 Egyptian Era—126 Elaphebolion—55 el Hoseyn—72 el Jumah—71 Ellul—12 England—293 Epact—319 Epiphany—317, 318

Epiphi—127 Esfand—151 Ethiopia—126, 127, 137-148 Ezrab—267

F Farvadin—151 Fasli—81-95 Fasli Deccan—189, 193-199 Finland—377 Floreal—376 France—293, 294, 376 French Revolutionary Calendar—376 Frimairc—376 Fructidor—376 Furvurdeen—96 Fuzli—81-95

G Gamelion—55 Gaw—151 Gemeni—151, 168 Gerbot—127 Germany—294 Germinal—376 Ghana—125 Ghbargulay—168 Ghwayay—168 Golden Number—318 Good Friday—127, 317 Gosh—96 Greece—3, 5, 44, 61, 67, 125, 126 Greek Calendar—47-52, 126 Gregorian Calendar—72, 81, 151, 167, 171, 189, 218, 294-299, 350-354, 377 Gregory XIII (Pope)—294, 318 Grishma—171 Gul shahara—167 Guvad—96

H Hablatun—267 Hadar—127 Hai—215 Hamal—151, 168 Hamle—127 Hasan huseyn—167 Hasan wa huseyn—167 Hatur— 81, 127 Hebrew—12-43, 126 Hectombaeon—55 Hegira—71, 151 Hemanta—171 Henry the Navigator—125 Himalayas—3 Hormazd—96 Hut—151, 168

I Iceland—293 Ides—62 Imix—267, 268 India—3, 44, 81, 96, 109, 171-185, 215 Indian lunar calendar—171 Indian Ocean—125 Indiction—318 Iran—72, 151 Iranian Lunar Hegira—151 Iranian Solar Hegira—151, 166-167 Isaac—72 Islam—71-80, 81, 127, 151, 189 Iyyar—12 Ix—267, 268

J Jadi—151, 168 Japanese Calendar—218-263 Jawza—151, 168 Jelali—109, 117-122

INDEX

Jeth—171

Kumbka—172

Maussi—172

Jordán—72

Kurban—72

Marseille—61

Julián Calendar—67, 72, 81,

Kush—126

Marshevan—12

293, 294-299, 318, 330-350,

Kyak—81, 127

Martyrs, Era of—126

377

Kyashaya-tithi—173

Mashir Amshir—81, 127

Julián Period—318

Maskarram—127

Julius Caesar—62, 294

Mau—215

L

Jumada I—71 Jumada II—71 Jumada al-akhira—167 Jumada el-ulya—167

Lamat—267, 268

Jyest—171

Laos—190

Jyestha—171

Lappland—293 Laram—168

Kab—168 Kadis Yojannis—127 Kalends—62 Kali Yuga—171, 189 Kama—151 Kan—267, 268 Kanem Bozru—125 Kankin—268 Kanya—172 Karkata—171 Kartiga—172

Mayan Calendar—267-290 Mecca—71 Medina—71 Meher—96, 151 Men—267 Mesha—171 Meshri—127

Latvia—377

K

Mesir—127

Lava—172 Lenin's Day—377 Lent—317

Mesori—127 Messidor—376 Metageitrion—55

Leo—151, 168

Mhor—96

Libra—151, 168

Miaziah—127

Linda—168

Mid East—5, 81

Lithuania—377

Mina—172

Loy achtar—167

Mithune—171

Lumrey khor—167

Miyana—167

Lunar Hegira—167, 152-154

Mizan—151, 168

Lunar mansions (Chinese)—

Mogul Empire—189

216-217

Mohammed—71

Lunar mansions (Indian)—173

Moharram—72

Kartik—172

Moher—96

Kartika—173

Mol—268

M

Kartiku—172 Kartrick—172

Morley, Sylvanus G.—269 Morocco—72

Kasrha—172

Mac—268

Moslems—125

Katun—267, 268

Macedonia—8-12, 44, 126

Muan—268

Kayab—268

Maemacterion—55

Muharram—71, 167

Kazhdom—151

Magawit—127

Mule—267, 268

Khami—125

Magh—172

Murychion—55

Khardang—151

Magha—172, 173

Muslim Era—151

Khordad—96, 151

Maharesphand—96

Muslims—71, 72, 171

Khursed—96

Mahi—151

Khushe—151

Makara—172

Kin—267, 268, 275-278

Mali—125

Kinchiltun—267, 268

Manik—267, 268

Kislev—12

Mangali—172

Kshara—172

Nabonasser—5-8, 126

Mangashins—172

Nakshatra—173

Margasinsha—172

Napungubwe—125

Marghumay—168

Nas'hi—127

Maugh—172

Neat East—5, 8, 81

Kuchray akhyar (Do kuchri akhtar)—167 Kudmi—109

385

N

386 INDEX

New Year (Chn i ese)—217 New Year (European)—293 New Year's Day—377-379 Ne i kerk—125 Nile Rv i er—126 Nm i esha—172 Ns isan—12 Nok—125 Nones—62 Novose—376 Nuba i —126 Numa Pompilus—62, 63-64

Phazmout— i 127 Phoenicia—61 Pictun—267, 268 Pisces—151, 168 Pluviose—376 Pontifex Maxm i us—62 Pop—268 Posed i on—55 Poseidon 11—55 Poush—172 Pousha—172 Prairial—376 Pungur— i 172 Pus—172 Pyanepso in—55

s

Safar—71 Safar—167 Sagitarius—151, 168 Saints, Cae lndar of—354-376 Saka Cae lndar—175-185, 190 Saw l agha—168 Sapar (thapara)—167 Saratan—151, 168 Sarr— i 127 Saruda—171 Saudi Araba i —72 Sawan—171 Scaliger, Joseph—318 0 Scandn i ava i—293 S c r i o p h o r o i n—55 Oc—267-268 S c o r p o i — 1 51, 168 Olympiad Era—54,61 Scota lnd—294 Q Omar Khayyam—109 Se—215 Ordb i ehest—151 Qaws—151, 168 Seleucids—5, 44-49, 126 Ors isa—171 Quaggm i— i 127 See lucus Necator—44 Quartodecm i ans—318 Septuagesm i a—317 Quintils—62 Serosh—96 Sextils—62 P Sha-ban—71, 167 Shahjehan, Emperor—189 Pachors—127 Shahn i shah Era—151 R Pagnem—127 Shahrv ian—151 Pahlevi, Reza Shah—151 Shamsh— i 168 Rabi i—71 Paa l—172 Shawkadar (Do shawhadare Rabi 11—71 Paoph— i 127 ma isht)—167 Rabi a-lawwa— l 167 Parasumara—189 Shawwal (Warujay achtar)—71, i 167 Parasuram Cae lndar—200-212 Rabi ath-than— 72, 167 Rajab—71, 167 Paratas— i 172 Shebat—12 Ram—96 Passover—12, 127, 318 Shn i —215 Ramadan—71, 72, 167 Pausha—173 Shri—151 Rashne—96 Pax—268 Sherever—96 Red Road—215 Payr— i 127 Shensoy—109 Red Sea—126 Penhao lnga—125 Shraeun—171 Reformato i n—318 Pentecost—12 Shrerever—96 Persia—5, 96, 108, 109, 151 Rito—172 Sn iha—172 Roman Cae lndar—62-67 Persian Gulf—72, 126 Roman Emprie—125, 126, 127 Sirius—125, 126 Phagun—172 Su i h—215 Romuu l s—65-66 Phag l oon—172 ian—12 Phag l oona—172 Rozha (Do rozha ma isht)—167 Sv Sorghay—125 Phag l una—173 Rumbey chor (Wra-umbey Soor San—81-95 Phag l una Vad— i 171 chor)—167 Sove i t Cae lndar—377 Phamenoth—127 Russa i —294, 377

INDEX

Spentamus—96 Spinden, Herbert J . — 2 6 9 , 278-284 Sravana—171 Sri Lanka—190 Summer Solstice—293 Sunbola—151, 168 Surat—109 Syria—44, 49-50, 52-54, 72 Syro-Macedonian Calendar— 49-50 Sweden—294

T Tabe—81 Tahsas—127 Tala—168 Tammuz—12 Tarr—127 Taurus—151, 168, 190 Tebeth—12 Tekemt—127 Terazu—151 Thailand—190 Thalarema khor—167 Thargelion—55 Thalorema chor—167 Thermidor—376 Thoth—127 T h u r — 1 5 1 , 168 Tibet—264 Timaeus of Sicily—54 T i r — 9 6 , 151 Tishri—12 Tithis—173 Tobe—127 T o t — 8 1 , 127 Trinity—317, 318 Tse—215 Tula—172

T u n — 2 6 7 , 268, 284-290 Turco-Mongolian—151 Turkey—72 Twelve Branches—215 Tybi—127 Tye-172 Tyre—61-62 Tzec-268 Tzolkin—268-269

U Uayab—267, 268 U i n a l - 2 6 7 , 268, 269-275 Un—267 Ushtuvad—96

V Vahishtusht—96 Vaisakha—171, 173 Varsha—171 Vasanta—171 Vendemaire—376 Ventose—376 Vietnam—190 Vigils—319 Virgo—151, 168, 189 Vipala—172 Vohi-Kshushtra—96 Vrisha—171 Vrishiga—172 Vyshak—171 Vyassie—171

w Wazhay—168

387

We-Adar—12 Western Era Calendars—330-354 W h i t e Road—215 Winter Solstice—293 Wray—168 Wi—215 Wu—215

X Xul-268

Y Yax—268 Yaxkin—268 Yekatit—127 Yellow Road—215 Yemen—72 Yezdezred—96, 108-116 Yin—215 Yom Ashoora—72 Yu—215

z Zac—268 Zamiad—96 Zany—125 Zeus—54 Zimbabwe—125 Zip—267 Zmaray—168 Zotz—267 Zorastrian Calendar—96-108, 151

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