Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions

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Examination Preparation

Philosophy Multiple Choices Q & Answers

Compiled: Rashid Ali Daudpota, Lecturer Department of Philosophy, University of Sindh, Jamshoro EBOOK

Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Preface ......................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction to Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions ............................................................... 4 Classical Western Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions........................................................... 14 Contemporary Western Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions ................................................. 29 Ancient & Medieval Western Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions ........................................ 43 Recent Development in Western Thought Multiple Choice Questions ...................................... 65 History & Philosophy of Science Multiple Choice Questions...................................................... 77 Political Science Multiple Choice Questions ............................................................................. 115 Political Thought – Western Traditions Multiple Choice Questions .........................................128 Beginnings of Indian Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions ................................................... 143 Indian Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions.......................................................................... 162 Contemporary Indian Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions .................................................. 177 Indian Metaphysics Multiple Choice Questions ....................................................................... 214 Asian Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions .......................................................................... 226

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Preface Welcome to a journey through the fascinating world of philosophy, an endeavor that has captivated thinkers, scholars, and seekers of wisdom for millennia. Philosophy, with its myriad branches, invites us to explore the fundamental questions of existence, ethics, knowledge, and the beauty that lies in the pursuit of truth. This book, "Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions," is born out of a desire to make the rich and complex field of philosophy accessible, engaging, and intellectually stimulating for both newcomers and seasoned aficionados alike. The essence of philosophy lies in the art of questioning. It is through questions that we probe deeper into the nature of reality, dissect arguments, and refine our understanding. In keeping with this spirit, this book presents a curated collection of multiple-choice questions designed to challenge, enlighten, and inspire reflection on a wide array of philosophical topics. From the ancient wisdom of the Vedas to the nuanced terminologies that define philosophical discourse, these questions span the breadth of human thought and intellectual inquiry. In the realm of philosophy, every question opens the door to a world of exploration, debate, and insight. "Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions" is a comprehensive collection designed to guide readers through the vast landscape of philosophical thought, from the ancient wisdom of the Vedas to the intricate arguments of contemporary thinkers. This book is structured not in traditional chapters but as a continuous journey through various philosophical themes and ideas, each section unveiling a new facet of philosophical inquiry. Our journey begins with an exploration of fundamental philosophical questions, setting the stage for deeper investigation into specific areas such as ethics, logic, metaphysics, epistemology, and the philosophy of mind. Each question is crafted to challenge the reader's understanding, stimulate critical thinking, and encourage the application of philosophical concepts to both historical and modern-day dilemmas. Through this curated selection, learners will encounter the rich diversity of philosophical perspectives and the dynamic nature of philosophical discourse.

It is important to note that the majority of the questions presented in this book have been carefully selected from a variety of online sources, each chosen for its ability to illustrate key philosophical principles and provoke thoughtful consideration. This collection serves as a testament to the collaborative spirit of learning and the shared pursuit of knowledge that defines the philosophical community. By bringing together these diverse questions, we aim to provide a comprehensive resource that supports both academic study and personal exploration of philosophy.

As you engage with the questions in this book, I invite you to view each one as an opportunity to delve into the depths of philosophical thought, to question assumptions, and to forge your own path of inquiry. Whether you are a student seeking to deepen your understanding, a teacher looking for engaging material, or a curious mind eager to explore the complexities of human thought, this book is a gateway to the transformative power of philosophy.

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I encourage you to approach these questions with an open mind and a keen sense of curiosity. Philosophy is not just about finding the right answers but about exploring the significance of the questions themselves. It is my hope that this book will not only serve as a tool for academic preparation but also as a catalyst for deeper reflection on the questions that define our existence and our values.

In closing, I extend my deepest gratitude to the myriad of web resources that have contributed to this compilation. Their invaluable work has made it possible to assemble a collection that reflects the breadth and depth of philosophical inquiry. May this book inspire you to continue asking questions, seeking answers, and pursuing wisdom in all aspects of life. Rashid Ali Daudpota Lecturer Department of Philosophy University of Sindh, Jamshoro [email protected]

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Introduction to Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions 1. The total number of Vedas is . A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

C. greek

D. spanish

C. the illusion

D. none of these

C. french

D. spanish

C. occidental

D. none of these

C. japan

D. none of these

C. lokayata

D. jainism

Answer: D. four 2. Philosophy is originally a word. A. english

B. latin

Answer: C. greek 3. Philosophy deals with of reality. A. a part

B. the whole

Answer: B. the whole 4. ‘Esthetikos’ is a word. A. greek

B. latin

Answer: A. greek 5. Taoism belongs to the tradition. A. japanese

B. oriental

Answer: B. oriental 6. does not belong to Oriental tradition. A. india

B. china

Answer: D. none of these 7. is not a heterodox system. A. samkhya

B. buddhism

Answer: A. samkhya 8. implies ‘accepting the authority of the Vedas’. A. heterodox

B. orthodox

C. oriental

D. occidental

Answer: B. orthodox 9. According to the law of karma, every karma leads to . A. moksha

B. phala

C. dharma

D. all these

Answer: B. phala 10. The portion of Vedas that deals with rituals is known as . A. mantras

B. brahmanas

C. aranyakas 4

D. upanishads

Answer: A. mantras 11. Polytheism implies as Monism refers to one. A. two

B. three

C. many

D. all these

C. monism

D. polytheism

C. monotheism

D. polytheism

C. scholasticism

D. all these

C. sophia

D. science

C. philosophy

D. none of these

C. observation

D. hypotheses

C. epistemology

D. ethics

C. descartes

D. leibnitz

C. ethics

D. anthropology

Answer: C. many 12. Belief in one God is referred as . A. henotheism

B. monotheism

Answer: B. monotheism 13. Samkhya propounded . A. dualism

B. monism

Answer: A. dualism 14. is an Oriental system. A. buddhism

B. absolute idealism

Answer: A. buddhism 15. ‘Scire’ is the root word of . A. system

B. epistemology

Answer: D. science 16. Metaphysics is a branch of . A. physics

B. metaethics

Answer: C. philosophy 17. Science is not based on . A. experiment

B. faith

Answer: B. faith 18. is the inquiry into ‘being in general’. A. ontology

B. physics

Answer: A. ontology 19. is a representative of pluralism. A. spinoza

B. fitche

Answer: D. leibnitz 20. is not a positive science. A. biology

B. sociology 5

Answer: C. ethics 21. Etymological meaning of the term ‘metaphysics’ is . A. after physics

B. before physics

C. of physics

D. other than physics

Answer: A. after physics 22. Aristotle’s‘Metaphysics’ contains number of books. A. 12

B. 16

C. 13

D. 14

Answer: D. 14 23. Ontology is related to as Ethics is to Axiology. A. aesthetics

B. cosmology

C. idealism

D. metaphysics

Answer: D. metaphysics 24. The philosophical area which deals with the problem of Being is called A. axiology

B. epistemology

C. materialism

D. ontology

Answer: D. ontology 25. is the ontological position that recognizes the one ultimate reality as matter. A. materialism

B. spiritualism

C. m o n i s m

D. idealism

C. pluralist

D. skeptic

C. pluralism

D. monism

B. david hume

C. rene descartes

D. immanuel kant

B. john locke

C. spinoza

D. none of these

B. descartes

C. leibnitz

D. all these

Answer: A. materialism 26. Marx is a whereas Hegel is an idealist. A. materialist

B. dualist

Answer: A. materialist 27. Spinoza’s metaphysical position is known as . A. materialism

B. dualism

Answer: D. monism 28. is regarded as the father of modern Empiricism. A. john locke

Answer: A. john locke 29. rejected innate ideas. A. rene descartes

Answer: B. john locke 30. is a monist. A. spinoza

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Answer: A. spinoza 31. The theory of innate ideas was first propounded by_ . A. john locke

B. spinoza

C. descartes

D. david hume

Answer: C. descartes 32. argue that objects do not exist independent of mind. A. materialists

B. realists

C. objectivists

D. idealists

C. naïve

D. none of these

C. absolute

D. all these

Answer: D. idealists 33. Hegel developed Idealism. A. subjective

B. absolute

Answer: B. absolute 34. Esse est Percipi is the dictum of Idealism. A. objective

B. subjective

Answer: B. subjective 35. is the earliest representative of Greek Cosmology. A. socrates

B. plato

C. thales

D. protagoras

C. one

D. indivisible

C. aesthetics

D. pragmatism

C. all parts

D. none of these

C. engels

D. none of these

C. limitation

D. all these

Answer: C. thales 36. According to dualism, Reality is _. A. twofold

B. many

Answer: A. twofold 37. Ultimate reality is the concern of . A. metaphysics

B. skepticism

Answer: A. metaphysics 38. Each science deals with of reality. A. a part

B. the whole

Answer: A. a part 39. is a representative of idealism. A. carvakas

B. marx

Answer: D. none of these 40. Epistemology is concerned with of knowledge. A. origin

B. validity 7

Answer: D. all these 41. Skeptics consider truth as A. certain

B. necessary

C. probable

D. practical

B. idealists

C. both (a) and (b)

D. neither (a) nor (b)

B. absolutist

C. idealist

D. pragmatist

C. descartes

D. none of these

C. aristotle

D. alexander

C. epistemology

D. ethics

C. both (a) and (b)

D. neither (a) nor (b)

B. prescriptive

C. normative

D. all these

B. ethics

C. knowledge

D. custom

Answer: C. probable 42. hold coherence theory. A. realists

Answer: B. idealists 43. John Dewey is a/an . A. rationalist

Answer: D. pragmatist 44. Mind-body dualism is the position of . A. charles pierce

B. john dewey

Answer: C. descartes 45. coined of the term ‘Aesthetics’. A. socrates

B. plato

baumgarten

Answer: D. alexander baumgarten 46. Summum bonum is the concern of . A. aesthetics

B. metaphysics

Answer: D. ethics 47. is a normative discipline. A. ethics

B. aesthetics

Answer: C. both (a) and (b) 48. Positive sciences are basically . A. descriptive

Answer: A. descriptive 49. Mores literally means . A. norm

Answer: D. custom

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50. ‘First Philosophy’ refers to . A. aesthetics

B. metaphysics

C. epistemology

D. ethics

C. plato

D. aristotle

C. plato

D. none of these

C. dualism

D. idealism

Answer: B. metaphysics 51. is the founder of Idealism. A. hegel

B. spinoza

Answer: C. plato 52. Naturalism is the position of _. A. aristotle

B. hegel

Answer: A. aristotle 53. Ancient Greek atomism is . A. monism

B. pluralism

Answer: B. pluralism 54. ‘Real is rational and rational is real’. This is the dictum of . A. hegel

B. spinoza

C. marx

D. aristotle

Answer: A. hegel 55. Neutral Monism is the metaphysical position of . A. marx

B. spinoza

C. berkeley

D. aristotle

C. workability

D. none of these

C. locke

D. aristotle

Answer: B. spinoza 56. The pragmatist criterion of truth is . A. god

B. perception

Answer: C. workability 57. Transcendentalism refers to the philosophy of . A. marx

B. kant

Answer: B. kant 58. Cartesian epistemology emphasizes as the source of true knowledge. A. perception

B. faith

C. revelation

D. reason

Answer: D. reason 59. ‘True knowledge is a priori’. This is the view of _ . A. empiricists

B. materialists

C. rationalists

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D. all these

Answer: C. rationalists 60. Identify the odd one. A. thales

B. anaximander

C. socrates

D. anaximenes

C. desire

D. interest

Answer: C. socrates 61. The term ‘right’ implies – according to . A. rule

B. reason

Answer: A. rule 62. The child’s right to education necessarily implies the of parents to give it. A. will

B. desire

C. refusal

D. duty

Answer: D. duty 63. Modern philosophers tried to reject the authority of . A. renaissance

B. scholasticism

C. reason

D. all these

Answer: B. scholasticism 64. Rationalism and Empiricism represent the philosophy of era. A. ionian

B. medieval

C. contemporary

D. modern

C. blind faith

D. all these

Answer: D. modern 65. The study of philosophy stimulates . A. dogmatism

B. critical thinking

Answer: B. critical thinking 66. Empiricists regard ________ as the only source of knowledge. A. reason

B. experience

C. intuition

D. analysis

Answer: B. experience 67. According to Descartes_________ is the source of real knowledge. A. sense experience

B. reason

C. authority

D. none of these

Answer: B. reason 68. _________ is the position holding that there is no genuine knowledge. A. skepticism

B. empiricism

C. realism

D. rationalism

Answer: A. skepticism 69. According to_______ theory of truth, a proposition is true when it agrees with reality or

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fact. A. correspondence

B. coherence

C. pragmatic

D. none of these

Answer: A. correspondence 70. ___________ is the theory of truth that emphasizes the norm of utility/practical value. A. correspondence theory B. pragmatic theory

C. coherence theory

D. none of these

Answer: B. pragmatic theory 71. According to_______ theory of truth, the truthfulness of a proposition is implicit in its harmony with other propositions. A. correspondence

B. coherence

C. pragmatic

D. none of the above

Answer: B. coherence 72. _______ divides perception into impressions and ideas. A. john locke

B. immanuel kant

C. benedict spinoza

D. david hume

Answer: D. david hume 73. Subjective Idealism was propounded by___________. A. george berkeley

B. david hume

C. john locke

D. rene descartes

Answer: A. george berkeley 74. ________ reconciled rationalism and empiricism. A. immanuel kant

B. george berkeley

C. david hume

D. john locke

C. john locke

D. george berkeley

Answer: A. immanuel kant 75. _________ put forward the theory of monads. A. rene descartes

B. leibnitz

Answer: B. leibnitz 76. The theory of mind-body dualism forms an important aspect in the philosophy of _________. A. rene descartes

B. john locke

C. karl marx

D. leibnitz

Answer: A. rene descartes 77. ___________ is the branch of philosophy that deals with the problems concerning knowledge. A. metaphysics

B. ethics

C. aesthetics

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D. epistemology

Answer: D. epistemology 78. The branch of Philosophy that deals with values is known as __________. A. metaphysics

B. ontology

C. axiology

D. epistemology

C. aesthetics

D. all these

C. activity

D. good

B. tentative knowledge

C. based on

Answer: C. axiology 79. __________ is a normative science. A. logic

B. ethics

Answer: D. all these 80. The root word of ‘Ethics’ means _________. A. thought

B. customs

Answer: B. customs 81. ___________ is not applicable to Science. A. systematic body of knowledge observation

D. hypothesis is significant

Answer: B. tentative knowledge 82. ___________ belongs to Applied Ethics. A. environmental ethics B. medical ethics

C. legal ethics

D. all these

Answer: D. all these 83. The Philosophical study of art and beauty is termed _________. A. ethics

B. aesthetics

C. logic

D. drama

C. sculpture

D. painting

Answer: B. aesthetics 84. __________ is a mixed form of art. A. dance

B. music

Answer: A. dance 85. The habitual performance of duties leads to ________. A. rights

B. duties

C. virtues

D. none of these

Answer: C. virtues 86. The experience produced by a work of art is referred to as _________. A. aesthetic experience

B. intuitive experience

C. direct experience

Answer: A. aesthetic experience

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D. mystic experience

87. The Indian term for Aesthetics is ________. A. soundarya sastra

B. asvadana sastra

C. sahradaya sastra

D. none of these

C. augustine

D. anselm

B. sophist

C. theistic

D. mystic

B. axiology

C. epistemology

D. psychology

Answer: A. soundarya sastra 88. Identify the odd one. A. socrates

B. aquinas

Answer: A. socrates 89. Protagoras belongs to the ________ School. A. ionian

Answer: B. sophist 90. Identify the odd one. A. metaphysics

Answer: D. psychology

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Classical Western Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions 1. The original principle of this universe is——- according to Thales a. water

B. fire

C. air

D. ether

C. arab

D. german

Answer: a. water 2. Thales is a—— philosopher a. milesian

B. hebrew

Answer: a. milesian 3. ——– was counted among the Seven Wise Men a. plato

B. socrates

Answer:

C. thales

C. thales

D. aristotle

4. The arche of things is apeiron, according to —— a. plato

B. socrates

Answer:

D. anaximander

C. tales

D. anaximander

5. According to Anaximenes— is the first principle a. fire

B. water

Answer:

D. air

C. infinite

D. air

6. Who said number is the essence and basis of all things? a. descartes

B. pythagoras

Answer:

B. pythagoras

C. anaxagoras

D. kant

7. Who is known as the Father of Western Philosophy? a. thales

B. plato

C. socrates

D. aristotle

Answer: a. thales 8. Aristotle is credited with ——— a. mathematical logic

B. symbolic logic

C. syllogistic arguments D. none of the above

Answer:

C. syllogistic arguments

9. Who advocated theory of atoms? a. plato

B. democritus

C. thales 14

D. leibnitz

Answer:

B. democritus

10. Who is the main atomist? a. leibnitz

B. leucippus

Answer:

B. leucippus

C. pythagoras

D. kepler

C. religious

D. idealist

11. Protagoras is a ——Philosopher a. sophist

B. spiritualist

Answer: a. sophist 12. Man is the measure of all things, according to —— a. thales

B. plato

Answer:

D. protagoras

C. aristotle

D. protagoras

13. Democritus and Leucippus are belonging to—— school a. ionian

B. atomist

Answer:

B. atomist

C. idealist

D. eleatic

C. aristotle

D. socrates

C. anaximander

D. thales

14. —– was the first Athenian born Philosopher a. thales

B. plato

Answer:

D. socrates

15. Knowledge is relative associated with a. protagoras

B. pythagoras

Answer: a. protagoras 16. Idealism is a systematic philosophy which teaches the supremacy of a. spirit over matter

B. god

C. noumena

D. materialism

C. socrates

D. democritus

Answer: a. spirit over matter 17. Maieutic method is by ——Philosopher a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer:

C. socrates

18. Who said that the unexamined life is not worth living? a. anximander

B. plato

C. socrates 15

D. aristotle

Answer:

C. socrates

19. Socrates is a prominent —— philosopher a. greek

B. pragmatist

C. german

D. french

C. protagoras

D. socrates

C. plato

D. pythagoras

Answer: a. greek 20. Whose doctrine is “Know Thyself”? a. plato

B. thales

Answer:

D. socrates

21. Socrates is a mentor of ——– a. democritus

B. sophists

Answer:

C. plato

22. —- invented the dialectic method of finding truth through conversation a. socrates

B. plato

C. aristotle

D. all are true

Answer: a. socrates 23. “All Western philosophy consists of a series of footnotes to Plato.”Who said? a. socrates

B. aristotle

C. descartes

D. alfred north

whitehead

Answer:

D. alfred north whitehead

24. Athens where Plato established ——, the first university in the Western world a. lyceum

B. dialectics

Answer:

C. academy

C. academy

D. all are true

25. In his famous “Allegory of the Cave,” —– relates a story illustrating the journey of the soul from ignorance to knowledge. a. plato

B. aristotle

C. socrates

D. protagoras

C. plato

D. sartre

Answer: a. plato 26. The Republic is the famous work of ——— a. socrates

B. thales

Answer:

C. plato 16

27. Theory of truth lies in the theory of Ideas is the philosophy of a. socrates

B. pythagoras

Answer:

D. plato

C. aristotle

D. plato

28. Who distinguished world of ideas and physical world? a. plato

B. socrates

C. aristotle

D. kant

Answer: a. plato 29. Aristotle mentioned theory of truth in his work—–– a. analytic

B. ethics

Answer:

D. metaphysics

C. epistemology

D. metaphysics

30. For Plato, —- are eternal ideas beyond the physical world. a. forms

B. dialectics

C. phenomenon

D. episteme

C. plato

D. anaxagoras

C. protagoras

D. anaximander

Answer: a. forms 31. Who wrote Symposium? a. thales

B. aristotle

Answer:

C. plato

32. Aristotle was a student of — a. plato

B. socrates

Answer: a. plato 33. Who founded a school in Athens called Lyceum. a. aristotle

B. plato

C. socrates

D. sophists

Answer: a. aristotle 34. “There is no form without matter and no matter without form.” a. leucippus

B. plato

Answer:

D. aristotle

C. socrates

17

D. aristotle

35. Matter is the substance out of which everything in the world is made is the statement of —– a. anaxagoras

B. plato

Answer:

C. aristotle

C. aristotle

D. socrates

36. Who discovered four causes that govern change in everything? a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer:

B. aristotle

C. st.augustine

D. st.anselm

37. Who believed that God created the world out of nothing and before God created the world nothing existed? a. anaximander

B. plato

Answer:

D. st. augustine

C. socrates

D. st. augustine

C. aristotle

D. pythagoras

38. The City of God is the work of —a. st. augustine

B. plato

Answer: a. st. augustine 39. Who said that through faith and reason together we could reach “natural theological truth.” a. socrates

B. st.thomas aquinas

Answer:

B. st.thomas aquinas

C. moralist

D. atomist

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. thale

C. socrates

D. plato

40. Summa Theologica is the work of ——— a. plato

B. st. anselm

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

41. ——- predicted an eclipse of the sun a. thales

B. pythagoras

Answer: a. thales 42. Who was the first Milesian materialist philosopher? a. heraclitus

B. anaximander

Answer:

D. thales

C. pythagoras

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D. thales

43. The major source of Thales’s philosophy is by a. plato

B. pythagoras

Answer:

D. aristotle

C. socrates

D. aristotle

44. Who said that living things are always moist? a. plato

B. socrates

Answer:

C. tales

C. tales

D. anaximander

C. samos

D. all are false

45. Anaximander belongs to ——– a. stagira

B. miletus

Answer:

B. miletus

46. The Milesian philosophers were known as ……………………….. a. natural philosophers

B. rationalists

C. empiricists

D. atomists

Answer: a. natural philosophers 47. Anaximander, a philosopher came after —— a. anaximenes

B. plato

Answer:

D. thales

C. socrates

D. thales

C. eidos

D. hyle

C. geocentric

D. god

48. apeiron in Anaximander means —– a. formal logic

B. infinite

Answer:

B. infinite

49. Anaximander’s cosmogony gives rise to a a. heliocentric

B. teleological

Answer:

C. geocentric

50. Who said that in the beginning man was similar to a different animal, namely, a fish. a. anaximander

B. leucippus

C. pythagoras

D. thales

Answer: a. anaximander 51. The thinkers of Milesian school were the thinkers of —— a. metaphysics

B. nature

Answer:

B. nature

C. religion

19

D. idealism

52. Pythagoras was born on——– a. samos

B. iona

C. athens

D. all are false

Answer: a. samos 53. Who believed in the immortality, transmigration, and reincarnation of souls? a. ionians

B. atomists

Answer:

C. pythagoras

C. pythagoras

D. eleatic

54. Who included various dietary restrictions against meat and beans. a. thales

B. pythagoras

Answer:

B. pythagoras

C. anaximander

D. socrates

55. Central to Pythagoreanism is the idea that ——— accounts take precedence over material things. a. numbers

B. zeros

C. music

D. god

Answer: a. numbers 56. The order of the world is the result of a harmony, which was also thought to consist in numerical ratios is the philosophy of a. spirit over matter

B. realism

Answer:

C. pythagoras

C. pythagoras

D. materialism

57. ——is a Philosopher who made a distinction between mind and matter a. anaxagoras

B. thales

C. socrates

D. democritus

Answer: a. anaxagoras 58. Who said that everything is a mixture of earth, air, fire, and water a. anaximander

B. plato

Answer:

D. anaxagoras

C. socrates

D. anaxagoras

59. ——- philosopher is the main source of Anaxagoras a. socrates

B. pythagoras

Answer:

C. plato

C. plato

20

D. herodotus

60. —–gave a power and grandeur to Athenian Democracy a. pericles

B. thales

C. protagoras

D. anaximander

Answer: a. pericles 61. — –is an important element introduced by Anaxagoras into his philosophy and it is the cause of motion. a. change

B. god

Answer:

D. mind/ nous

C. matter

D. mind/ nous

62. The atomists are the last pre-Socratics and they follow—— a. physis

B. religion

C. theism

D. idealism

C. antithesis

D. uncuttable

Answer: a. physis 63. The word atom means —a. cuttable

B. thesis

Answer:

D. uncuttable

64. ——is believed to be a disciple of Leucippus a. protagoras

B. democritus

Answer:

B. democritus

C. anaximander

D. plato

65. —— say that all things consist of a single kind of matter broken into tiny particles. a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer:

C. atomists

C. atomists

D. protagoras

66. Who claimed that there are two fundamental types of elements: atoms and void. a. socrates

B. atomists

Answer:

B. atomists

C. plato

D. idealist

67. Who held that the atoms were so small as to be invisible? a. democritus

B. pythagoras

C. aristotle

D. plato

C. action

D. concept

Answer: a. democritus 68. Sophia which means —– a. wisdom

B. speech 21

Answer: a. wisdom 69. Protagoras a native of ——–in northeast Greece a. clazomen

B. samos

Answer:

D. abdera

C. stagira

D. abdera

70. Who was the first of the professional Sophists? a. socrates

B. democritus

Answer:

C. protagoras

C. protagoras

D. plato

71. Who said that instead of speaking well think well? a. thales

B. aristotle

Answer:

D. socrates

C. plato

D. socrates

72. Truth and On the Gods are the woks of ——a. plato

B. socrates

Answer:

C. protagoras

C. protagoras

D. anaximander

73. —— were more concerned with public speaking, rather than thinking well. a. materialists

B. rationalists

Answer:

D. sophists

C. idealists

D. sophists

C. socrates

D. aristotle

C. perceptual

D. universal

74. Man is the measure of all things, says —– a. leucippus

B. protagoras

Answer:

B. protagoras

75. Maieutic means —– a. midwifery

B. dialectical

Answer: a. midwifery 76. — –says that knowledge is an adjustment between the knower and the object known a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer:

C. protagoras

C. protagoras

D. st.anselm

C. socrates

D. st. augustine

77. —–was known as a self- taught philosopher a. anaximander

B. plato

Answer:

C. socrates 22

78. Who was known as the street genius philosopher? a. socrates

B. plato

C. aristotle

D. pythagoras

Answer: a. socrates 79. Who was the author of philosophic tendency and of a Philosophic method of irony? a. socrates

B. aquinas

C. plato

D. protagoras

Answer: a. socrates 80. Who said that the first step is to be wise is to admit that one is not wise. a. plato

B. anselm

Answer:

C. socrates

C. socrates

D. thales

81. According to ——, knowledge is virtue and ignorance is vice a. thales

B. plato

Answer:

D. socrates

C. pythagoras

D. socrates

82. Who said that as virtue is knowledge, so virtue can be thought? a. leucippus

B. protagoras

Answer:

C. socrates

C. socrates

D. aristotle

83. The highest ideal according to Socrates is —– a. matter

B. dialectical

Answer:

D. virtue

C. statement

D. virtue

C. virtue

D. particular

C. academy

D. lyceum

C. socrates

D. protagoras

84. Concept means —— a. judgment

B. idea

Answer:

B. idea

85. The mentor of Aristotle is — a. plato

B. socrates

Answer: a. plato 86. Who was the founder of Academy? a. plato

B. aristotle

23

Answer: a. plato 87. Apology is the famous work of ——— a. socrates

B. thales

Answer:

C. plato

C. plato

D. sartre

88. The concepts lies in the transcendental world is the philosophy of ——– a. socrates

B. pythagoras

Answer:

D. plato

C. aristotle

D. plato

C. aristotle

D. kant

89. Who distinguished knowledge and doxa? a. plato

B. socrates

Answer: a. plato 90. The theory of forms/ideas/concepts/essences is the Philosophy of ——a. aristotle

B. plato

Answer:

B. plato

C. thales

D. pythagoras

C. 34

D. 35

C. plato

D. anaxagoras

91. Plato wrote —— dialogues a. 37

B. 24

Answer:

C. 34

92. Who wrote Theaetetus? a. thales

B. aristotle

Answer:

C. plato

93. Who said that true knowledge lies in conceptual level? a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer:

B. aristotle

C. protagoras

D. anaximander

94. ——stated that the best possible political system (state) will be ruled by philosophers. a. aristotle

B. sophists

Answer:

D. plato

C. socrates

D. plato

95. Whose philosophy is that one who knows the difference between knowledge, ignorance, and opinion a. leucippus

B. plato

C. socrates 24

D. aristotle

Answer:

B. plato

96. The perceptible world (i.e., the world we perceive through our senses) is a reflection or copy of that higher intelligible world is the philosophy of —— a. plato

B. anaxagoras

C. aristotle

D. socrates

Answer: a. plato 97. The Greek word for “forms” in Plato is ——— (a)hyle (b) logos (c) eidos (d) philos 98 Plato divided human soul into ——-parts a. three

B. two

Answer:

C. four

C. four

D. all are false

98. Plato’s Theory of Ideas was severely criticized by ——a. protogoras

B. socrates

Answer:

C. aristotle

C. aristotle

D. all is true

99. Plato admit the immortality of soul in his —- dialogue a. apology

B. republic

Answer:

D. phaedo

C. theaetetus

D. phaedo

100. ———-is a philosopher who was born at Stagira a. aristotle

B. plato

C. socrates

D. thles

Answer: a. aristotle 101. Which of the following philosopher who taught Alexander, the Great a. leucippus

B. plato

Answer:

D. aristotle

C. socrates

D. aristotle

102. Which thinker who went to Athens and joined Plato’s Academy. a. anaxagoras

B. plato

Answer:

C. aristotle

C. aristotle

D. socrates

103. The works of—— are divided into two types-exoteric and esoteric. a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer:

B. aristotle

C. st.augustine

25

D. st.anselm

104. Who wrote the famous work the Metaphysics? a. aristotle

B. plato

C. socrates

D. st. augustine

Answer: a. aristotle 105. Who defined substance is something that we can point out as ‘this’ a. st. augustine

B. plato

Answer:

C. aristotle

C. aristotle

D. pythagoras

106. Who made the statement that Universals are extremely real but are not separable from their particulars. a. socrates

B. aquinas

Answer:

D. aristotle

C. plato

D. aristotle

107. Who says that there are two state of being i.e., Potentiality and Actuality. a. aristotle

B. anselm

C. aquinas

D. thale

Answer: a. aristotle 108. According to Aristotle, there are nine Categories and one—a. universal

B. logic

Answer:

C. substance

C. substance

D. god

109. An uncaused cause according to Aristotle is called —— a. potentiality

B. the prime mover

Answer:

B. the prime mover

C. actuality

D. atom

110. The authoritative philosopher of the Roman Catholic Church is called —– a. socrates

B. st.thomas aquinas

Answer:

B. st.thomas aquinas

C. st. anselm

D. plato

111. St. Thomas Aquinas was very much influenced the philosophy of ——a. plato

B. st. anselm

Answer:

D. aristotle

C. socrates

D. aristotle

112. St. Augustin based his philosophy and theology on the teachings of —— a. thales

B. pythagoras

Answer:

D. plato

C. socrates

26

D. plato

113. According to Augustine the lowest level of knowledge is called —— a. sensation

B. reason

C. god

D. noumena

Answer: a. sensation 114. St. Augustine says that knowledge of Divine is through — a. phenomena

B. perception

Answer:

C. soul

C. soul

D. sensation

C. tales

D. st. anselm

115. Who wrote the work the proslogium a. plato

B. socrates

Answer:

D. st. anselm

116. Who is famous for the so-called ontological argument for the existent of god? a. st. anselm

B. socrates

C. plato

D. all are false

C. aristotle

D. socrates

Answer: a. st. anselm 117. Who is called the father of Scholasticism? a. anaxagoras

B. st. anselm

Answer:

B. st. anselm

118. According to——,we have two sources of knowledge: faith and reason. a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer:

C. st.anselm

C. st.anselm

D. socrates

119. St. Augustine was very much influenced by the philosophy of– a. aristotle

B. plato

Answer:

B. plato

C. socrates

D. anselm

120. The Milesian philosophers were also known as………….. a. rationalists

B. empiricists

Answer:

D. the first materialists

C. atomists

D. the first materialists

121. .………………is considered as the founder of the atomistic school. a. thales

B. anaxiander

Answer:

C. leucippus

C. leucippus

27

D. aristotle

122. Crito is a work of…………………. a. plato

B. aristotle

C. socrates

D. protagoras

C. summa theologica

D. proslogium

Answer: a. plato 123. Plato wrote………………… a. the city of god

B. phaedo

Answer:

B. phaedo

124. Aristotle gives ………..supreme categories of thought. a. eight

B. ten

Answer:

B. ten

C. nine

D. seven

125. According to………………. faith and reason are neither mutually exclusive nor contradictory but are mutually complementary a. socrates

B. plato

Answer:

D. st.augustine,

C. aristotle

D. st.augustine,

126. St. Anselm’s ontological argument proceeds from the idea of God to God as…………… as existent. a. an idea

B. the cause

Answer:

C. a reality

C. a reality

28

D. a number

Contemporary Western Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions 1. The founder of phenomenological movement is ————— A. husserl

B. hegel

C. kant

D. brentano

C. existentialist

D. phenomenologist

Answer: A. husserl 2. Brentano belongs to —— movement A. feminist

B. materialist

Answer: D. phenomenologist 3. Ideas: A General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology is a work o A. brentano

B. husserl

C. sartre

D. aristotle

C. emotions

D. consciousness

C. ponty

D. sartre

Answer: B. husserl 4. The task of phenomenology is to study — A. moral acts

B. science

Answer: D. consciousness 5. The phenomenological reduction is by ——A. husserl

B. brentano

Answer: A. husserl 6. Transcendental phenomenology, according to Husserl, was the study of ——A. spirit

B. logic

C. transcendental consciousness

D. science

Answer: C. transcendental consciousness 7. ——— subscribes to slogan “To the things themselves.” A. husserl

B. sartre

C. heidegger

D. empiricist

Answer: A. husserl 8. Which philosophy is emphasizing the study of consciousness by the method of reduction A. existentialism

B. phenomenology

C. psychology

D. none of the above

C. merleau-ponty

D. husserl

Answer: B. phenomenology 9. Who wrote the work Logical Investigations? A. heidegger

B. sartre

Answer: D. husserl 10. Who was the first to employ the term ‘phenomenology? A. leibnitz

B. leucippus

C. lambert 29

D. bertano

Answer: C. lambert 11. Descriptive psychology and had its origins in the project of ——A. brentano.

B. husserl

C. heidegger

D. meinong

Answer: A. brentano. 12. Whose conviction that philosophy is a rigorous science? A. kant

B. brentano

C. aristotle

D. husserl

Answer: D. husserl 13. phenomenology emphasizes the concept of —— A. self-evidence

B. anticipation

C. existence

D. science

Answer: A. self-evidence 14. Brentano contrasts empirical psychology with ——— A. gestalt psychology

B. clinical psychology

C. genetic psychology

D. all are false

Answer: C. genetic psychology 15. ——- is a concept in phenomenology borrowed from Brentano A. intentionality

B. de anima,

C. cognition

D. consciousness

Answer: A. intentionality 16. Who laid great stress on phenomenology’s principle of presuppositionlessness in Phenomenology? A. heidegger

B. meinong

C. brentano

D. husserl

Answer: D. husserl 17. Which of the following is true to Husserl? A. the suspension of the natural attitude

B. the phenomenological epoché,

and transcendental reductions

D. all are true

C. eidetic

Answer: D. all are true 18. ——– meant that all scientific, philosophical, cultural, and everyday assumptions had to be put aside. A. positivism

B. bracketing

C. empiricism

D. descriptivism

Answer: B. bracketing 19. Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint is the work of ——– A. brentano

B. husserl

C. heidegger 30

D. sartre

Answer: A. brentano 20. Who contrasts empirical psychology with genetic psychology? A. carnap

B. meinong

C. brentano

D. husserl

Answer: C. brentano 21. Cartesian Meditations is the famous work of ——— A. carnap

B. descartes

C. brentano

D. husserl

Answer: D. husserl 22. ————–is the doctrine that every mental act is related to some object. A. objectivity

B. intentionality

C. reduction

D. bracketing

Answer: B. intentionality 23. Who distinguished between phenomena and noumena ? A. kant

B. brentano

C. sartre

D. berkeley

Answer: D. berkeley 24. Whose transcendental philosophy is known as transcendental phenomenology? A. brentano

B. husserl

C. sartre

D. heidegger

Answer: B. husserl 25. —– reduction brackets the question of existence and attempts to focus on the essence. A. eidetic

B. transcendental

C. phenomenological

D. all are true

Answer: A. eidetic 26. Who said that “existence precedes essence”? A. husserl

B. plato

C. descartes

D. sartre

C. sartre

D. kierkegaard

Answer: A. husserl 27. Who said that “God is dead”? A. heidegger

B. nietzsche

Answer: C. sartre 28. —- philosophers give importance to the term existence? A. existentialists

B. phenomenologist

C. empiricists

D. rationalists

Answer: A. existentialists 29. Existentialism emphasizing individual existence, freedom, and —A. god

B. religion

C. objectivity 31

D. subjectivity

Answer: B. religion 30. Who is regarded as the founder of modern existentialism? A. sartre

B. heidegger

C. kierkegaard

D. nietzsche

Answer: C. kierkegaard 31. Who claimed the word nausea for the individual’s recognition A. husserl

B. sartre

C. heidegger

D. nietzsche

C. gabriel marcel

D. sartre

C. brentano

D. aristotle

C. being- that

D. being- there

Answer: B. sartre 32. One of the following is an atheist existentialist A. descartes

B. karl jaspers

Answer: D. sartre 33. Who wrote the book Thus Spake Zarathustra ? A. nietzsche

B. sartre

Answer: A. nietzsche 34. According to Heidegger, Dasein means ——– A. god

B. becoming

Answer: C. being- that 35. In Heidegger the fundamental ontology means the study of —– A. being

B. non -being

C. becoming

D. logic

C. brentano

D. heidegger

Answer: A. being 36. Being and Nothingness is the work of ——– A. husserl

B. sartre

Answer: B. sartre 37. “Man is condemned to be free”, is the statement of —A. nietzsche

B. husserl

C. sartre

D. heidegger

Answer: C. sartre 38. Sartre’s philosophy is explicitly ——and pessimistic A. religious

B. catholic

C. theistic

D. atheistic

C. analytic

D. existential

Answer: D. atheistic 39. Heidegger is an ————- philosopher. A. agnostic

B. ancient 32

Answer: A. agnostic 40. Sartre tried to reconcile existentialist concepts with a ———– analysis of society and history. A. samos

B. marxist

C. religious

D. all are false

C. theistic

D. phenomenological

Answer: B. marxist 41. Nietzsche is an ——- existentialist philosopher. A. atheistic

B. atomists

Answer: A. atheistic 42. A number of existentialist philosophers used ——— to convey their thought. A. Ethics

B. Hermeneutics

C. literary forms

D. god

Answer: C. literary forms 43. Existentialism is ——— century philosophical movement. A. 18th

B. 20th

C. 21st

D. 5th

Answer: B. 20th 44. All existentialists have followed ——–in stressing the importance of individual action in deciding questions of both morality and truth A. Husserl

B. Nietzsche

C. Brentano

D. Kierkegaard

Answer: D. Kierkegaard 45. Existentialists have argued that no objective and —— principles can be found for moral decisions. A. Rational

B. innate

C. axiomatic

D. subjective

Answer: A. Rational 46. —— who claimed to have worked out a total rational understanding of humanity and history. A. Hegel

B. Nietzsche

C. Husserl

D. Kierkegaard

Answer: A. Hegel 47. All the existentialist thinkers suggest major themes and stress on concrete —– existence. A. ontological

B. metaphysical

C. individual

D. theological

Answer: C. individual 48. Logical positivism is a philosophy developed by the Vienna Circle during the —— A. 1950s

B. 1980s

C. 1920s

Answer: C. 1920s 33

D. 1960s

49. The most famous doctrine of logical positivism is its ——— principle A. Verifiability

B. metaphysical

C. Ethical

D. all are false

Answer: A. Verifiability 50. A statement which cannot be verified is held to be …………………………….. A. True

B. valid

C. meaningless

D. idealist

Answer: C. meaningless 51. Logical positivists attack on statement of ———-, theology and religion A. logical

B. verifiable

C. empirical

D. metaphysics

Answer: D. metaphysics 52. Leading members of the Vienna circle included M. Schlick, R. Carnap, O. Neurath, and A. Berkeley

B. Descartes

C. Waismann

D. Husserl

Answer: C. Waismann 53. Who wrote the book Language, Truth and Logic? A. Frege

B. A. J. Ayer

C. Carnap

D. Hume

Answer: B. A. J. Ayer 54. ——- distinguished between meaningful and meaningless statements? A. Logical positivists

B. Husserl

C. Heidegger

D. Sartre

Answer: A. Logical positivists 55. According to logical positivists, all ——– statements are meaningless. A. logical

B. mathematical

C. metaphysical

D. empirical

B. Logic

C. Investigation

Answer: C. metaphysical 56. Wittgenstein’s famous work is called —— A. Language, Truth and Logic Tractatus

Answer: D. Tractatus 57. All the statements in mathematics and logic are true by itself and no need of verification according to the ———-. A. Logical positivists

B. Pragmatism

C. phenomenology

Answer: A. Logical positivists

34

D. Heidegger

D.

58. The central idea of logical positivism is the Principle of ————A. metaphysics

B. language

C. epistemology

D. Verification

Answer: D. Verification 59. ——-is a prominent figure in the philosophical movement known as logical positivism or logical empiricism. A. Rudolf Carnap

B. John Dewey

C. Sartre

D. Locke

Answer: A. Rudolf Carnap 60. The Logical Syntax of Language is the work of ———. A. C S Peirce

B. Rudolf Carnap

C. A. J .Ayer

D. Husserl

Answer: B. Rudolf Carnap 61. The major issue of language of philosophy is the relationships between language and — A. word

B. world

C. thought

D. logic

Answer: B. world 62. An influential type of philosophy of language developed out of —– generative grammar. A. Husserl

B. A. J .Ayer

C. C S Peirce

D. Chomsky

Answer: D. Chomsky 63. ——- is a central figure in the philosophy of language. A. Brentano

B. Wittgenstein

C. Meinong

D. Husserl

Answer: B. Wittgenstein 64. The business of ——–includes questions about the meanings of subject expressions like the present king of France is bald. A. Idealism

B. dialectics

C. semantics

D. logic

Answer: C. semantics 65. In the The Logical Syntax of Language, Carnap discussed ———–. A. Logical syntax

B. Phenomenology

C. virtue

D. existentialism

Answer: A. Logical syntax 66. In Logical Syntax of Language, Carnap accepted Tarski’s ————techniques, A. Logical

B. ethical

C. semantical

Answer: C. semantical 35

D. all are false

67. The central program of Carnap’s Logical Syntax of Language is the notion of ————- framework. A. Ethical

B. pragmatic

C. Existential

D. linguistic

Answer: D. linguistic 68. Meinong claimed to have discovered a new a priori science, the theory of——A. analytics

B. ideas

C. objects

D. subjects

Answer: C. objects 69. Who made the distinction between objects may either exist (such as physical objects) or subsist(such as mathematical entities). A. Hussel

B. Meinong

C. Brentano

D. Sartre

Answer: B. Meinong 70. On the Theory of Objects and Psychology is the work of ————– A. Meinong

B. Sartre

C. Heidegger

D. Brentano

Answer: A. Meinong 71. Every object is independent of its being. Some exist and others (for e g., golden mountains) do not exist is the philosophy of —— A. Heidegger

B. Meinong

C. Husserl

D. C S Peirce

Answer: B. Meinong 72. ——– stated that object as round square have no type of being at all, they are homeless objects, to be found not even in heaven. A. Frege’s

B. Brentano’s

C. Heidegger’s

D. Meinong

Answer: D. Meinong 73. According to ——–, the two statements the round square is round and the mountain I am thinking of is golden are true statements about nonexistent objects A. Sartre

B. Russell

C. Meinong,

D. Plato

Answer: C. Meinong, 74. Who accepted Brentano’s thesis of the intentionality of the mental but modified it in a realistic direction, distinguishing between the content and object of a mental act? A. Meinong

B. Husserl

C. Carnap

36

D. A.J Ayer

Answer: B. Husserl 75. Who derives the term ‘theory of objects’ which he preferred as ‘metaphysics’ and ‘ontology’? A. Schlick

B. Meinong

C. Hume

D. Heidegger

Answer: B. Meinong 76. The property of objects corresponding to the truth of judgments ,according to Meinong is —– A. Intentionality

B. Ideas

C. Relation

D. factuality

Answer: D. factuality 77. ——– influenced developments in psychology, sociology, education, semiotics (the study of signs and symbols), and scientific method, as well as philosophy, cultural criticism, and social reform movements in France, England and Italy A. Pragmatism

B. Hermeneutics

C. Positivism

D. all are false

Answer: A. Pragmatism 78. Peirce developed pragmatism as a theory of meaning in particular, the meaning of concepts used in ———-. A. Religion

B. Science

C. Ethics

D. Metaphysics

Answer: B. Science 79. Logical positivists, who have been influenced by Peirce, believed that truth is closed to ——— . A. axioms

B. norms

C. facts

D. ideas

Answer: C. facts 80. Logical positivists emphasize the importance of scientific verification, rejecting the assertion of personal ——– experience A. Subjective

B. objective

C. empirical

D. factual

Answer: A. Subjective 81. Dewey’s philosophy can be described as a version of philosophical ——— A. formalism

B. idealism

C. absolutism

37

D. naturalism

Answer: D. naturalism 82. The pragmatic traditions were revitalized in the 1980s by American philosopher —– A. C S Peirce

B. Dewey

C. Richard Rorty

D. Anselm

Answer: C. Richard Rorty 83. ———— defends social experimentation as a means of improving society, and accepts pluralism and rejects dead dogmas. A. Phenomenology

B. pragmatism

C. Empiricism

D. Absolutism

Answer: B. pragmatism 84. ——- never published books in his lifetime. But his greatest contributions were in the field of mathematical logic in many ways. A. Dewey

B. Compte

C. Peirce

D. James

Answer: C. Peirce 85. Peirce’s ——— was first elaborated in a series of illustrations of the Logic of Science in the Popular Science Monthly in 1877. A. Axiology

B. Atheism

C. Idealism

D. Pragmatism

Answer: D. Pragmatism 86. Peirce acknowledges pragmatism is a kind of ——–. A. Universal

B. logic

C. positivism

D. innate idea

Answer: C. positivism 87. The role of the pragmatic maxim is to reveal that almost every proposition of ontological metaphysics………….. A. meaningful

B. impossible

C. possible

D. relative

Answer: B. impossible 88. Peirce says that in order to grasp a term need —– aspects of understanding . A. Threefold

B. twofold

C. relative

D. semantic

Answer: A. Threefold 89. Peirce states his objection to the ——- theory by labeling it a transcendental account of truth A. Meinong’s

B. coherence

C. correspondence

38

D. semantic

Answer: B. coherence 90. Who held the metaphysical perspective of Pragmatism and also made the distinction between science and metaphysics? A. Compte

B. Peirce

C. Dewey

D. James

Answer: D. James 91. Truth and falsity apply not to objects but only to our ideas of objects. Our ideas of objects are mutable in the sense that we can modify ideas or replace one idea by another. Who stated the above statement? A. James

B. Dewey

C. Neurath

D. Carnap

Answer: A. James 92. ——–became actively interested in the reform of educational theory and practice. A. James

B. Peirce

C. Dewey

D. Anselm

Answer: C. Dewey 93. Dewey’s own version of pragmatism was called ———A. positivism

B. Relativism

C. absolutism

D. instrumentalism

Answer: D. instrumentalism 94. Dewey says that the problem must be defined before you can reach a Solution and need —— steps for solving problems. A. Five

B. four

C. three

D. six

Answer: A. Five 95. Dewey insists that truth is ——– of thought to existence . A. semantic

B. coherence

C. correspondence

D. all are false

Answer: C. correspondence 96. ——— is a system of philosophy based on experience and empirical knowledge of natural phenomena. They regarded metaphysics and theology is inadequate and imperfect systems of knowledge. A. Relativism

B. Positivism

C. Intentionality

D. Consciousness

Answer: B. Positivism 97. Compte reveals a law of ——– stages that govern human development and he

39

analyzed these stages in his major work. A. two

B. three

C. four

D. all are false

Answer: B. three 98. According to Comte the first stage is called ———A. Polytheism

B. monotheism

C. teliological

D. intellectual

Answer: C. teliological 99. Matter is known as our sensations of colour, figure, hardness and the like is the philosophy of —— A. pragmatism

B. Idealism

C. Utilitarianism

D. Existentialism

C. Deontology

D. pragmatism

Answer: A. pragmatism 100. ———- is the twentieth century philosophy . A. Idealism

B. Rationalism

Answer: D. pragmatism 101. John Dewey preferred to call his own philosophy as —– A. formalism

B. idealism

C. Experimentalism

D. naturalism

Answer: C. Experimentalism 102. Essays in Experimental Logic is the work of ———A. C S Peirce

B. Dewey

C. Richard Rorty

D. Anselm

C. Facts

D. concreteness

Answer: B. Dewey 103. Pragmatism rejects ——– A. Abstraction

B. Action

Answer: A. Abstraction 104. ——— French philosopher and the founder of positivism. A. Dewey

B. Comte

C. Peirce

D. James

Answer: B. Comte 105. Wittgenstein’s Tractatus .influenced ———- PhilosophY. A. Universal

B. Agnostic

C. Logical positivists

D. Idealist

Answer: C. Logical positivists 106. Pseudo-words or pseudo statements violating the rules of ——– positivism A. Legel

B. Logical

C. Comte’s 40

D. All are false

Answer: B. Logical 107. Who said that science is not about verifying hypotheses or theories, but falsifying them? A. Carnap

B. Sartre

C. Husserl

D. Popper

Answer: D. Popper 108. Who was not a major proponent of logical positivism in the Vienna Circle? A. Meinong

B. Carnap

C. Wittgenstein

D. A J Ayer

Answer: A. Meinong 109. The positivists today have rejected the so-called——– school of philosophy prefer to call themselves logical empiricists. A. Wolffian

B. Vienna

C. Existentialists

D. Hermeneutical

C. Dewey

D. Jeremy Bentham

Answer: B. Vienna 110. The founder of legal positivism was ——– A. Compte

B. Peirce

Answer: D. Jeremy Bentham 111. The philosophy of the Vienna Circle is broadly equivalent to —— A. James

B. Dewey

C. logical positivism.

D. Carnap

Answer: C. logical positivism. 112. ——– divides all meaningful propositions into two categories: analytic propositions and synthetic propositions. A. Logical positivism

B. Existentialist

C. Phenomenologist

D. Positivist

C. Rationalist

D. Instrumentalist

Answer: A. Logical positivism 113. Ernst Mach is an —— philosopher. A. Relative

B. Empiricist

Answer: B. Empiricist 114. In the United States, —– rejected the distinction between analytic and synthetic propositions that was essential to early analytic philosophy. A. Sartre

B. Russell

C. Quine

Answer: C. Quine

41

D. Carnap

115. In philosophy of language, who adapted the theory of truth for formalized languages to provide a semantic theory of meaning for natural languages? A. Russell

B. Tarski

C. Sartre

D. Carnap

Answer: B. Tarski 116. Russell’s important article —– refers to definite and indefinite descriptions. A. On Denoting

B. Logical Atomism

C. Mathematica

Answer: A. On Denoting

42

D. All are false

Ancient & Medieval Western Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions 1. Orphism greatly influenced ——————– a. aristotle

B. plato

Answer:

C. socrates

C. socrates

D. thales

2. ————- subscribed to the doctrine of the transmigration of the souls. a. orphism

B. fideism

C. occultism

D. narcissm

Answer: a. orphism 3. According to Thales universe is fundamentally ———— a. water

B. air

C. fire

D. none of these

Answer: a. water 4. For —————— primary matter was boundless something. a. anaximander

B. thales

C. anaximenes

D. heraclitus

Answer: a. anaximander 5. Greek philosophy begins as an enquiry into the ——— world. a. subjective

B. objective

Answer:

B. objective

C. social

D. none of these

6. According to ———– the world arises from water and return to water. a. anaximander

B. thales

Answer:

B. thales

C. anaximenes

D. protagoras

7. ———— held the view that the ultimate stuff of the universe is boundless something. a. anaximander

B. thales

C. anaximenes

D. protagoras

Answer: a. anaximander 8. ——– is the fundamental thing underlying the universe according to Anaximenes. a. air

B. fire

C. water

Answer: a. air 43

D. number

9. ———- stated that all things are full of gods . a. anaximander

B. thales

Answer:

B. thales

C. anaximenes

D. protagoras

10. ————- held that earth is cylindrical in shape and moves freely in space. a. anaximander

B. thales

C. anaximenes

D. protagoras

Answer: a. anaximander 11. ———— calls his infinite boundless matter God. a. anaximander

B. thales

C. anaximenes

D. protagoras

Answer: a. anaximander 12. According to ———— the primary air is regulated by the opposed principles of condensation and rarefaction. a. anaximander

B. thales

Answer:

C. anaximenes

C. anaximenes

D. protagoras

13. ———– declared that whatever exists,exists in number. a. protogoras

B. pythagoras

Answer:

B. pythagoras

C. plato

D. aristotle

14. ————-tried to show that things are numbers in some arbitrary manner. a. eleatics

B. milesians

Answer:

D. pythagoreans

C. samoans

D. pythagoreans

15. According to ————- change alone is real , and manyness and changes are unreal. a. heraclitus

B. parmenides

Answer:

B. parmenides

C. plato

D. aristotle

16. ——— holds the identity of thought and being. a. heraclitus

B. parmenides

Answer:

B. parmenides

C. plato

D. aristotle

C. plato

D. aristotle

17. ———–belongs to the Eleatic school. a. heraclitus

B. parmenides

Answer:

B. parmenides 44

18. ——- is the sole reality according to Parmenides. a. being

B. not-being

C. becoming

D. none of these

Answer: a. being 19. According to Parmenides the world that presented to us through senses is —–. a. being

B. not-being

Answer:

B. not-being

C. real

D. none of these

20. ———— makes the distinction between sense and reason. a. parmenides

B. heraclitus

C. protagoras

D. aristotle

Answer: a. parmenides 21. ———– is the doctrine that the sense world is an appearence a. idealism

B. realism

C. materialism

D. monism

Answer: a. idealism 22. According to ———– only being is , becoming is not at all. a. heraclitus

B. pythagoreans

Answer:

C. eleatics

C. eleatics

D. parmenides

23. According to ————- being and not being are in everything at one and the same time. a. heraclitus

B. pythagoreans

C. eleatics

D. parmenides

Answer: a. heraclitus 24. For ———– both being and not being are equally real . a. heraclitus

B. pythagoreans

C. eleatics

D. parmenides

Answer: a. heraclitus 25. According to ————- being has not being in it. a. heraclitus

B. pythagoreans

C. eleatics

Answer: a. heraclitus 45

D. parmenides

26. ———– was a contemporary of Parmenides. a. heraclitus

B. pythagoreans

C. eleatics

D. parmenides

Answer: a. heraclitus 27. According to ————- everything in the universe has in it its own opposites. a. heraclitus

B. pythagoreans

C. eleatics

D. parmenides

Answer: a. heraclitus 28. According to Heraclitus the ultimate kind of matter is ——– . a. water

B. fire

Answer:

B. fire

C. air

D. none of these

C. pluralistic

D. none of these

29. The Ionian thinkers were ——— . a. dualistic

B. monistic

Answer:

B. monistic

30. The Greek thinkers who drew our attension to proportion, order and harmony are ——— . a. pythagoreans

B. eleatics

C. heraclitus

D. parmenides

Answer: a. pythagoreans 31. ——————- laid emphasis on vegetarianism. a. pythagoreans

B. eleatics

C. heraclitus

D. parmenides

Answer: a. pythagoreans 32. ————————laid emphasis on asceticism. a. pythagoreans

B. eleatics

C. heraclitus

D. parmenides

Answer: a. pythagoreans 33. —————— practiced a reformed kind of orphic religion. a. pythagoreans

B. eleatics

C. heraclitus

46

D. parmenides

Answer: a. pythagoreans 34. ——————– founded an order in which men and women were considered equal. a. pythagoras

B. eleatics

C. heraclitus

D. parmenides

Answer: a. pythagoras 35. According to ————– the earth revolves round the central fire. a. heracletus

B. eleatics

Answer:

D. pythagoreans

C. parmenides

D. pythagoreans

36. Truth lies in reason and not in the world of sense is the fundamental position of —— . a. realism

B. materialism

Answer:

C. idealism

C. idealism

D. none of these

37. For ——- there is no past, no present, no future. a. being

B. not-being

C. both

D. none of these

Answer: a. being 38. Pre – sophistic philosophy is ———–because it conceived nature as animate or alive. a. naturalistic

B. ontological

Answer:

D. hylozoistic

C. monistic

D. hylozoistic

39. Pre – sophistic philosophy is ———–because its attension is directed to nature. a. naturalistic

B. ontological

C. monistic

D. hylozoistic

Answer: a. naturalistic 40. Pre – sophistic philosophy is ———– , it enquires into the essence of things. a. naturalistic

B. ontological

Answer:

B. ontological

C. monistic

D. hylozoistic

41. Pre – sophistic philosophy is ———– it seeks to explain phenomena by single principle a. naturalistic

B. ontological

Answer:

C. monistic

C. monistic

47

D. hylozoistic

42. Protagoras and Gorgias were ———a. sophists

B. philosophers

C. sages

D. none of these

Answer: a. sophists 43. “Man is the measure of all things” is the famous teachings of ————- . a. socrates

B. sophists

Answer:

C. protagoras

C. protagoras

D. gorgias

C. plato

D. aristotle

C. aristotle

D. protagoras

44. For————- knowledge is perception. a. protagoras

B. socrates

Answer: a. protagoras 45. Homo mensura is the famous saying by a. socrates

B. plato

Answer:

D. protagoras

46. According to ———— even if there is anything we cannot know it. a. gorgias

B. aistotle

C. plato

D. socrates

Answer: a. gorgias 47. Protagoras was influenced by ———- in propounding his epistemology. a. leucippus

B. democritus

Answer:

B. democritus

C. gorgias

D. socrates

48. ————- deny the universality of knowledge. a. socrates

B. sophists

Answer:

B. sophists

C. plato

D. none of these

49. According to sophists ———– can give us only relative knowledge. a. reason

B. perception

Answer:

B. perception

C. inference

D. none of these

50. Which one of the following is not a dialogue by Plato a. meno

B. republic

Answer:

D. poetics

C. phaedo

48

D. poetics

51. According to Socrates knowledge is through ———–. a. perception

B. concepts

Answer:

B. concepts

C. both

D. none of these

C. particular

D. absolute

52. For Socrates knowledge is ———– a. relative

B. universal

Answer:

B. universal

53. According to Socrates ————alone can take us to being. a. percepts

B. concepts

Answer:

B. concepts

C. inference

D. testimony

54. ———— believed in universal validity of knowledge. a. socrates

B. sophists

C. parmenides

D. democritus

Answer: a. socrates 55. Sophists failed to accommodate the role ———–plays in the formation of knowledge a. perception

B. reason

Answer:

B. reason

C. inference

D. none of these

56. —————— maintained that virtue is knowledge of the good through concepts. a. anaximander

B. anaximenes

Answer:

D. socrates

C. democritus

D. socrates

57. ———— claimed that real knowledge of justice, virtue are already present in man. a. sophist

B. protagoras

Answer:

C. socrates

C. socrates

D. anaximander

58. According to ———– knowledge is virtue and virtue is true knowledge a. sophists

B. socrates

Answer:

B. socrates

C. plato

D. aristotle

59. From ——– Plato derived the doctrine of the eternity and changelessness of idea. a. parmenides

B. heraclitus

C. pythagoras

Answer: a. parmenides

49

D. protagoras

60. From————Plato derived the notion of the immortality of the soul. a. pythagoras

B. parmenides

C. heraclitus

D. protagoras

Answer: a. pythagoras 61. From————-Plato accepted the doctrine of the flux of sensible things. a. heraclitus

B. socrates

C. parmenides

D. protagoras

Answer: a. heraclitus 62. ———— is the doctrine that universals have their own independent existence. a. realism

B. conceptualism

C. nominalism

D. idealism

Answer: a. realism 63. ————– is the doctrine that universals are constructed by human mind. a. realism

B. conceptualism

Answer:

B. conceptualism

C. nominalism

D. idealism

64. According to ————— universals are mere words to think about class. a. realism

B. nominalism

Answer:

B. nominalism

C. conceptualism

D. idealism

C. parmenides

D. protagoras

65. According to ——— virtue is one. a. heraclitus

B. socrates

Answer:

B. socrates

66. The theory of Ideas is proposed by ———— . a. aristotle

B. plato

Answer:

B. plato

C. heraclitus

D. parmenides

67. ———- is the element common to the Individual man and the idea of the man. a. third man

B. first man

C. second man

D. last man

Answer: a. third man 68. Which among the following is not a characteristic of idea. a. universal

B. eternal

C. mutable 50

D. absolute

Answer:

C. mutable

69. Plato compares the Idea of the Good to that of ——–. a. star

B. sun

Answer:

B. sun

C. moon

D. none of these

70. He Idea of ———– is the highest reality and it is the cause of truth and knowledge. a. good

B. reason

C. beauty

D. logic

Answer: a. good 71. ———— period extends from 585 to the middle of the fifth century b.C. a. pre-sophistic

B. socratic

C. sophistic

D. post- aristotelian

C. decline

D. emergence

C. decline

D. emergence

Answer: a. pre-sophistic 72. The sophistic period is period of ———– a. transition

B. reconstruction

Answer: a. transition 73. The socratic period is a period of ————– a. transition

B. reconstruction

Answer:

B. reconstruction

74. ——— period extends from 430 BC to 320 BC a. socratic

B. sophistic

C. pre- sophistic

D. ethical

Answer: a. socratic 75. The period from 585 to the middle of the fifth century b.C. is known as ——- . a. post aristotelian

B. pre –sophistic

Answer:

B. pre –sophistic

C. socratic

D. sophistic

76. The scene of the first period of greek philosophy is ——– . a. athens

B. sparta

Answer:

C. colonial world

C. colonial world

51

D. greek mainland

77. Plato and Aristotle build upon the foundations laid by ———a. heraclitus

B. socrates

Answer:

B. socrates

C. parmenides

D. protagoras

78. The scene of the ——– period of greek philosophy is laid in Athens, Alexandria, and Rome. a. first

B. second

Answer:

D. fourth

C. third

D. fourth

79. According to ——— happiness is the highest good in life. a. stoics

B. epicureans

Answer:

B. epicureans

C. aristotelians

D. athenians

80. According to ————– virtuous life is the highest good. a. stoics

B. epicureans

Answer:

B. epicureans

C. aristotelians

D. athenians

C. plato

D. aristotle

C. plato

D. aristotle

C. plato

D. aristotle

81. Anaximander was a pupil of ———— . a. thales

B. socrates

Answer: a. thales 82. Plato was the student of ———— . a. thales

B. socrates

Answer:

B. socrates

83. Aristotle was the student of ————- . a. thales

B. socrates

Answer:

B. socrates

84. Anaximenes was the student of ———————-. a. thales

B. anaximander

Answer:

B. anaximander

C. plato

D. aristotle

85. The Ionian thinkers were interested in the problem of ———- . a. substance

B. change

C. number

Answer: a. substance 52

D. none of these

86. The Eleatics and the Heraclitus were interested in the problem of ——– . a. substance

B. change

Answer:

B. change

C. number

D. none of these

87. ——- stated that ‘you could not step twice into the same rivers’. a. heraclitus

B. anaximander

C. plato

D. aristotle

Answer: a. heraclitus 88. According to ————- “for the way upward and the way downward are one.” a. heraclitus

B. anaximander

C. plato

D. aristotle

Answer: a. heraclitus 89. According to ———– everything, therefore, is a union of opposite qualities. a. heraclitus

B. anaximander

C. plato

D. aristotle

Answer: a. heraclitus 90. ———— is the originator of the Eleatic school. a. xenophanes

B. anaximander

C. plato

D. aristotle

Answer: a. xenophanes 91. Zeno and Melissus are the dialecticians of the ———– school. a. pythagorean

B. eleatic

Answer:

B. eleatic

C. ionian

D. athenian

92. “If you associate with me, on the very day you will return a better man than you came.”this is a statement by ———— . a. protagoras

B. xenophanes

C. zeno

D. anaxagoras

Answer: a. protagoras 93. According to ——— knowledge depend upon the particular knower. a. sophist

B. xenophanes

C. zeno

53

D. anaxagoras

Answer: a. sophist 94. The chief concern of ———– was to meet the challenge of Sophistry, which, in undermining knowledge, threatened the foundations of morality and the State. a. socrates

B. protagoras

C. anaxagoras

D. gorgias

Answer: a. socrates 95. ———– maintained that morality is based on feeling and desires. a. sophist

B. xenophanes

C. zeno

D. anaxagoras

Answer: a. sophist 96. According to ———— perception can give only relative knowledge. a. sophist

B. xenophanes

C. zeno

D. anaxagoras

Answer: a. sophist 97. Homo mensura was the maxim of—————– . a. sophist

B. xenophanes

C. zeno

D. anaxagoras

Answer: a. sophist 98. The dictum “ Know thyself “ is attributed to ———– . a. socrates

B. protagoras

C. anaxagoras

D. gorgias

Answer: a. socrates 99. ————- believed in truth, morality and universal validity of knowledge. a. socrates

B. protagoras

C. anaxagoras

D. gorgias

Answer: a. socrates 100. According to ————- morality and political views based on feeling can only be relative and conventional. a. socrates

B. protagoras

C. anaxagoras 54

D. gorgias

Answer: a. socrates 101. ———– method is also known as midwifery method. a. socratic

B. sophistic

C. ionian

D. eleatic

Answer: a. socratic 102. According to ———– the method of socrates was one of definition and induction. a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer:

B. aristotle

C. anaximenes

D. anaximander

C. anaximenes

D. anaximander

103. Phaedo is a dialogue by ———— . a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer: a. plato 104. To evolve universal judgments was the purpose of the ———- method. a. sophistic

B. socratic

Answer:

B. socratic

C. pythagorean

D. ionian

105. According to ——-we can attain truth if we pursue the proper method. a. protagoras

B. gorgias

Answer:

C. socrates

C. socrates

D. anaxagoras

C. agora

D. none of these

106. ——— is the school founded by Plao . a. lyceyum

B. academy

Answer:

B. academy

107. ————– is the school founded by Aristotle a. lyceyum

B. academy

C. agora

D. none of these

Answer: a. lyceyum 108. ——- had pointed out that in order to live a rational and good life we needs must have knowledge of the good. a. protagoras

B. gorgias

Answer:

C. socrates

C. socrates

55

D. anaxagoras

109. The famous analogy of divided line explains ——-.s theory of knowledge. a. plato

B. aristotle

C. protagoras

D. pythagoras

Answer: a. plato 110. In the divided line the lowest segment represent ——a. conjecture

B. beliefs

C. understanding

D. reason

Answer: a. conjecture 111. In Plato’s theory of knowledge ———- is divided in to images and belief and imagination. a. opinion

B. knowledge

C. reason

D. dialectic

Answer: a. opinion 112. In Plato’s divided line ————— is divided into reason and intelligence. a. opinion

B. knowledge

Answer:

B. knowledge

C. reason

D. dialectic

113. In plato’s divided line opinion is divided into—————– a. dianoia and pistis

B. dianoia and noesis

Answer:

C. pistis and ekasia

C. pistis and ekasia

D. ekasia

114. In plato’s divided line ————- for beliefs. a. dianoia

B. noesis

Answer:

C. pistis

C. pistis

D. ekasia

115. In plato’s divided line ————- stands for imagination. a. dianoia

B. noesis

Answer:

D. ekasia

C. pistis

D. ekasia

116. In plato’s divided line ————- stands for reasoning a. dianoia

B. noesis

Answer:

C. pistis

C. pistis

D. ekasia

117. In plato’s divided line ————- stands for intelligence a. dianoia

B. noesis

C. pistis 56

D. ekasia

Answer:

B. noesis

118. In Plato’s analogy of cave ———-represents the world of senses. a. cave

B. prisoners

C. images on the wall

D. the fire

Answer: a. cave 119. Universals exists outside the particular in an ideal realm is the view held by —– . a. aristotle ,

B. plato ,

Answer:

B. plato ,

C. socrates

D. protagoras

120. According to ———— universals exists in the particular only. a. aristotle ,

B. plato ,

C. socrates

D. protagoras

Answer: a. aristotle , 121. The ——– cause was first recognised by Ionians a. material

B. efficient

C. final

D. formal

Answer: a. material 122. The ——– cause was recognised by Empedocles a. material

B. efficient

Answer:

B. efficient

C. final

D. formal

123. The ——– cause was first recognised by Pythagoreans a. material

B. efficient

Answer:

D. formal

C. final

D. formal

124. The ——– cause was first recognised by Anaxagoras. a. material

B. efficient

Answer:

C. final

C. final

D. formal

125. All the three causes, formal , efficient and final cause melt into —— . a. matter

B. form

Answer:

B. form

C. both a and b

D. none of these

126. Form and matter are the fundamental categories of ———- philosophy. a. aristotle ,

B. plato

C. socrates 57

D. protagoras

Answer: a. aristotle , 127. According to ———– every individual is a compound of form and matter . a. aristotle ,

B. plato

C. socrates

D. protagoras

C. both

D. none of these.

Answer: a. aristotle , 128. God is the ———- of form. a. form

B. matter

Answer: a. form 129. Both Plato and Aristotle accepts ————- . a. idealism ,

B. realism

C. materialism

D. rationalism

Answer: a. idealism , 130. ———- thinks that perception in inherently erroneous. a. protagorus

B. gorgias

Answer:

C. plato

C. plato

D. none of these

131. According to Aristotle Matter by itself has no ———- . a. form

B. idea

C. reason

D. mind

C. socrates

D. protagoras

C. st. anslem

D. aristotle

Answer: a. form 132. —— is regarded as the founder of science. a. aristotle ,

B. plato

Answer: a. aristotle , 133. ———-is the author of City of God a. st. aquinas

B. st. augustine

Answer:

B. st. augustine

134. St. Augustine was influenced by the philosophy of ———— . a. aristotle ,

B. plato

C. socrates 58

D. protagoras

Answer:

B. plato

135. ———– was the founder of epicureanism. a. zeno

B. epicurus

Answer:

B. epicurus

C. socrates

D. plato

C. realism

D. none of these.

136. Stoics maintained complete ——–. a. idealism

B. materialism

Answer:

B. materialism

137. According to ———– the good of man lies in the pusuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain a. soticism

B. epicureanism

Answer:

B. epicureanism

C. pythagoreans

D. none of these

138. Plato discusses the ideal state in the following dialogue . a. meno

B. crito

Answer:

C. republic

C. republic

D. phaedo

C. dun scotus

D. ohkam

139. According to ——- universals are real. a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer: a. plato 140. According to ———– universals are concepts. a. realism

B. conceptualism

Answer:

B. conceptualism

C. nominalism

D. idealism

141. According to —————- universals are names. a. realism

B. conceptualism

Answer:

C. nominalism

C. nominalism

D. idealism

142. According to —— Universals are neither in things nor in mind. a. plato

B. aristotle

Answer:

D. roscelin

C. dun scotus

D. roscelin

143. ——— presents his ontological argument in the Proslogium . a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

B. st. anslem

C. st. thomas aquinas

59

D. none of these.

144. ———————– accepts platonic realism againt conceptualism. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

B. st. anslem

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these.

145. For the ontologic proof ———— depends on the reality of the Platonic idea. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

B. st. anslem

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

146. ———– objected the ontological argument of st. anslem . a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

D. gaunilo

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. gaunilo

147. ———- advances the ontological proof for the existence of god. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

B. st. anslem

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

148. “let me believe that I may understand” is the slogan of ————-. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

B. st. anslem

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

149. —————— is an Aristotelian . a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

150. Summa Contra gentiles is the work by —————– . a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

151. Summa Theologiae is the work by —————– . a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

152. In summa theologiae ———– uses reason to support faith. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

153. According to —————– faith and reason are not opposed a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

60

D. none of these

154. According to —————– faith is higher than reason. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

155. St. Thomas Aquinas accepted ——– of Aristotle. a. realism

B. conceptualism

Answer:

B. conceptualism

C. nominalism

D. idealism

156. ———– made the distinction between natural theology and revealed theology. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

157. ——————- assumed that religious truth can be supported rationally. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

158. According to ——— faith is not opposed to reason but higher than reason. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

159. ————- believed that mind is a clean state and all knowledge is acquired through experience , so he rejects the innateness of god’s knowledge. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

160. Argument from efficient causes ,motion and contingent causes are called ——– argument . a. ontological

B. cosmological

C. causal argument

D. teleological

argument

Answer: a. ontological 161. Every cause is supposed to be caused by another. This is the argument from ——-. a. motion

B. first cause

Answer:

B. first cause

C. contingency

D. design

162. ————- being an Aristotelian rejects the primacy of ideas. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

C. st. thomas aquinas 61

D. none of these

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

163. ————————-rejects the ontological argument for the existence of God. a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

164. St. Thomas Aquinas provide —– proofs for the existence of god. a. 3

B. 4

Answer:

C. 5

C. 5

D. 6

C. truth

D. idea

C. truth

D. idea

165. Natural theology is based on ———. a. reason

B. faith

Answer: a. reason 166. Revealed theology is based on ———–. a. reason

B. faith

Answer:

B. faith

167. The final distinction between philosophy and theology is made by ———-. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

C. st. aquinas

D. none of these

Answer: a. john dun scotus 168. ————- separates philosophy from theology a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

C. st. aquinas

D. none of these

Answer: a. john dun scotus 169. According to ————— reason cannot prove or disprove the dogmas of religion. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

C. st. aquinas

D. none of these

Answer: a. john dun scotus 170. ————– considers the proofs by St. Aquinas and Anslem imperfect. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

C. st. aquinas

Answer: a. john dun scotus 62

D. none of these

171. According to ———- universals exists in the divine mind. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

C. st. aquinas

D. none of these

C. st. aquinas

D. none of these

Answer: a. john dun scotus 172. For ———— intellect is superior to will. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

Answer:

C. st. aquinas

173. According to —————- will is always free. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

C. st. aquinas

D. none of these

Answer: a. john dun scotus 174. ——– holds that faith,hope and love are the real gifts of divine grace. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

C. st. aquinas

D. none of these

Answer: a. john dun scotus 175. ————- is credited with the principle of ockham’s razor . a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

Answer:

D. william of ockham

C. st. aquinas

D. william of ockham

176. Entities are not to be multiplied without necessity is a principle attributed to ———-. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

Answer:

D. william of ockham

C. st. aquinas

D. william of ockham

177. According to ————- universals do not exist separately and independently from objects. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

Answer:

D. william of ockham

C. st. aquinas

D. william of ockham

178. According to —————- universals are mere conventional signs. 10 a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

Answer:

D. william of ockham

C. st. aquinas

D. william of ockham

179. For —————- only particulars exist which are known by perception. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

C. st. aquinas 63

D. william of ockham

Answer:

D. william of ockham

180. The main thinker of the first period of scholasticism is ——— . a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

B. st. anslem

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

181. The most important thinker of the Scholaticism was ————- . a. st. augustine

B. st. anslem

Answer:

C. st. thomas aquinas

C. st. thomas aquinas

D. none of these

182. The main thinker during the decline of scholasticism was ———— . a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

Answer:

D. william of ockham

C. st. aquinas

D. william of ockham

183. —————— credited with the destruction of Scholastic philosophy. a. john dun scotus

B. roger bacon

Answer:

D. william of ockham

C. st. aquinas

64

D. william of ockham

Recent Development in Western Thought Multiple Choice Questions 1. The main proponents of post-structuralism A. jacques derrida

B. jaques lacan

C. michel foucault

D. all the above

Answer: D. all the above 2. Who are the most prominent theoretician and practitioner of ‘Deconstruction’ A. husserl

B. derrida

C. barthes

D. none of these

Answer: B. derrida 3. The linguist generally associated with the initiation of ‘Structuralism’ as a movement is: A. ferdinand de saussure B. simon blackburn,

C. noam chomsky

D. levi-strauss

Answer: A. ferdinand de saussure 4. Which of the following critics is associated with post-structuralism rather than structuralism A. michel foucault

B. vladimir propp

C. roman jacobson

D. jacques lacan

Answer: A. michel foucault 5. Post-structuralism is a movement that came to prominence first during the 1960s. the movement was basically a response against: A. colonialism

B. humanism

C. structuralism

D. post-colonialism.

C. semiology

D. none of these

Answer: C. structuralism 6. The general science of sign is known as A. philology

B. linguistics

Answer: C. semiology 7. The concept of ‘Metalanguage’ was mentioned in: A. the death of the author

B. elements of semiology C. lecture series

elements of semiology

Answer: D. elements of semiology 8. The Open Work was created by: A. ronald barthes

B. umberto eco

C. lévi-strauss

D. jacques derrida

Answer: B. umberto eco 9. The concept of ‘Metalanguage’ was developed by: A. derrida

B. levi-strauss

C. searle 65

D. barthes

D.

Answer: D. barthes 10. Speech and Phenomenon is written by A. roland barthes

B. julia kristeva

C. jacques derrida

D. foucault

C. jacques derrida

D. foucault

C. difference

D. presence

Answer: C. jacques derrida 11. The Death of the Author is the work of A. roland barthe

B. julia kristeva

Answer: A. roland barthe 12. One of the key terms in Derrida’s thought is A. good writing

B. structuralism

Answer: C. difference 13. Post-structuralism gets connected most commonly to structuralism. Nevertheless, it also gets related to another literary movement which is: A. postmodernism

B. post-colonialism

C. colonial literature

D. neoclassicism

Answer: A. postmodernism 14. The concept which establishes an association between post-structuralism and postmodernism is: A. structuralism

B. classicism

C. common literary beliefs

D. humanism

Answer: D. humanism 15. Derrida calls ‘preference for presence over absence’ as A. illusion

B. prejudice

C. metaphysics of presence

D. first principle

Answer: C. metaphysics of presence 16. Post-structuralism, as a movement, developed in: A. england

B. france

C. italy

D. austria

C. austria & germany

D. none of these

C. jean-françois lyotard

D. jean jacques

Answer: B. france 17. Where did logical positivism originate A. italy & germany

B. austria & america

Answer: C. austria & germany 18. Author of The New Science A. jean baudrillard

B. giambattista vico

rousseau 66

Answer: B. giambattista vico 19. Jacques Derrida cannonballed into the American academy with this paper, in 1966: A. “the purveyor of truth”

B. “seminar on \the purloined letter\”

“structure, sign, and play in the discourse of the human sciences”

C.

D. “can the subaltern

speak?” jacques derrida\s of grammatology explains:

Answer: C. “structure, sign, and play in the discourse of the human sciences” 20. Jacques Derrida’s Of Grammatology explains: A. theory of “writing”

B. issues with jacques lacan

domination

D. the grammar of modern klingon

C. plan for world

Answer: A. theory of “writing” 21. Which author-hating lit critic and cultural theorist described text as a “multi-dimensional space,” and a “tissue of quotations” A. jean-luc picard

B. roland barthes

C. michel foucault

D. barbara johnson

Answer: B. roland barthes 22. Post-Structuralism emerged as a critique of Structuralism. Who founded Structuralism: A. jean baudrillard

B. ferdinand de saussure C. michel foucault

D. jacques derrida

Answer: B. ferdinand de saussure 23. Which of the following was written by Jacques Derrida A. birth of the clinic

B. madness and civilization

C. history of sexuality

D. of grammatology

Answer: D. of grammatology 24. Which Post-Structuralist philosopher came up with the concept of Deconstruction: A. jacques derrida

B. jean baudrillard

C. michel foucault

D. gilles deleuze

Answer: A. jacques derrida 25. Why does Jean Baudrillard think we live in simulated realities: A. we can’t tell the difference between a dream and reality.

B. we can never know

the truth, so we adopt ideologies which reshape the world in our minds.

C. we like to live in

denial about our responsibility.

D. we try to control the world around us

through our actions.

67

Answer: B. we can never know the truth, so we adopt ideologies which reshape the world in our minds. 26. Which Post-Structuralist philosopher stated, “Academics’ lives are seldom interesting”: A. michel foucault

B. jacques derrida

C. jean baudrillard

D. gilles deleuze

Answer: D. gilles deleuze 27. Author of Capitalism and Schizophrenia: A. michel foucault

B. jean baudrillard

C. ferdinand de saussure D. gilles deleuze

Answer: D. gilles deleuze 28. Which Post-Structuralist philosopher was interested in the “power-knowledge relationship”: A. gilles deleuze

B. jacques derrida

C. michel foucault

D. ferdinand de

saussure

Answer: C. michel foucault 29. Which Post-Structuralist philosopher started in philosophy by studying “pataphysics” A. gilles deleuze

B. jean baudrillard

C. michel foucault

D. jacques derrida

Answer: B. jean baudrillard 30. Postmodernism rejects which of the following metanarratives; A. science/ secularism

B. christian

C. muslim

D. all metanarratives

are rejected

Answer: D. all metanarratives are rejected 31. Baudrillard’s simulacra means A. something unique and individual

B. the sign that creates the perception of reality

than reality itself

D. a lie

C. truth

Answer: B. the sign that creates the perception of reality than reality itself 32. Which French Philosopher argued that there were no meta or grand narratives, only micro narratives? A. jean baudrillard

B. john the baptist

C. jean-françois lyotard

rousseau

Answer: C. jean-françois lyotard

68

D. jean jacques

33. Author of, On humanistic education A. jean baudrillard

B. giambattista vico

C. jean-françois lyotard

D. jean jacques

B. presupposition

C. cause

C. inherited

D. irrational

C. idle

D. idea

rousseau

Answer: C. jean-françois lyotard 34. According to vico Humanity A. consequence of institution

D. relation

Answer: A. consequence of institution 35. For Vico human essence is A. pre-existent one

B. no pre-existent

Answer: B. no pre-existent 36. According to Vico the structure is A. static

B. transformable

Answer: B. transformable 37. Langue and parole are the concept of A. jean baudrillard

B. john the baptist

C. ferdinand de saussure D. jean jacques

rousseau

Answer: C. ferdinand de saussure 38. According to Saussure a language is a system of A. signs

B. logic

C. symbols

D. numbers

C. signs

D. epigraphy

C. symbols

D. numbers

Answer: A. signs 39. Systematic study of meaning A. semantics

B. logic

Answer: A. semantics 40. Linguistic system, consists of A. structures

B. prejudice

Answer: A. structures 41. According to Saussure two axis of language are A. compound and simple B. diachronic and synchronic D. noumena and phenomena

Answer: B. diachronic and synchronic 69

C. rigid and flexible

42. For Vico Language, is a kind of A. knowledge

B. power

C. dominance

D. collective

C. jean-françois lyotard

D. jean jacques

C. roland barthes

D. jacques derrida

intelligence

Answer: D. collective intelligence 43. Author of Course in General Linguistics A. ferdinand de saussure B. kant rousseau

Answer: A. ferdinand de saussure 44. Author of Mythologies A. ferdinand de saussure B. jean-françois lyotard

Answer: C. roland barthes 45. the reproduction of labour-power complete with A. ruling ideology

B. economics progress

C. economic reproduction

D. social enriching

Answer: A. ruling ideology 46. Louis Althusser consider State institutions as A. apparats

B. institutions for good life

apparatus

D. social welfare institutions

C. ideological

Answer: A. apparats 47. believed that the “unified self” was just a product of Western culture and that if there was a “self, it must be plural.” A. ferdinand de saussure B. jean-françois lyotard

C. jean jacques rousseau D. jacques derrida

Answer: D. jacques derrida 48. The philosophical school founded by Derrida is called A. structuralism

B. decentralism

C. phenomenology

D. semantics

Answer: B. decentralism 49. Althusser considered the mode of production contains complex articulation of: A. only economic practice

B. only political practices C. economic, political

and ideological practices D. economic and political practices

Answer: C. economic, political and ideological practices

70

50. Who has measured ‘modernity as an unfinished project’ A. jean baudrillard

B. john the baptist

C. jean-françois lyotard

D. habermas

Answer: D. habermas 51. In “The Death of the Author,” Roland Barthes argues what about A. biographical information about the author must be considered when evaluating literature.

B. a

text and its author text are unrelated.

C. it is possible to distil meaning from a work

based on the author\s politics.

D. authorial intent must be considered when

evaluating literature.

Answer: B. a text and its author text are unrelated. 52. who popularised the conception of an ‘epistemological break’ in Marxian thought A. l. althusser

B. j. habermas

C. j.c. alexander

D. r. fahrendorf

Answer: A. l. althusser 53. Which among the following is not the work of Louis Althusser A. lenin and philosophy and other essays

B. on the reproduction of capitalism trans

C.

madness and civilization D. for marx

Answer: C. madness and civilization 54. In Of Grammatology, Jacques Derrida argues what about literature? Choose one answer. A. no fixed, stable meaning is possible.

B. language must be studied in conjunction with

history in order to create meaning.

C. there is no potential for multiple and differing

meanings in a work of literature.

D. literature is timeless, and thus meaning does

not change.

Answer: A. no fixed, stable meaning is possible. 55. To whom, the sign, firmly speaking, must always stand ‘under erasure’, as necessary but inadequate A. louis althusser

B. michel foucault

C. husserl

D. jacques derrida

Answer: D. jacques derrida 56. Which one of the following concepts is not given by Derrida A. cultural capital

B. logocentrism

C. deconstruction

71

D. difference

Answer: A. cultural capital 57. Derrida’s Deconstruction yields a critique of A. cultural capital

B. logocentrism

C. deconstruction

D. difference

Answer: B. logocentrism 58. The central idea of Ferdinand de Saussure’s Course in General Linguistics; A. language is inseparable from its historical context. phases of linguistic development. of elements.

B. there are five

C. language can be analysed as a formal system

D. linguistics is too complicated to be distilled to a formula.

Answer: C. language can be analysed as a formal system of elements. 59. Jacques Derrida’s concept of différance challenges us to think about language as a system that: A. mirrors our physical evolution as human beings. B. prevents us from communicating through writing or speech.

C. involves a constant process of deferred meaning. D. evolved exclusively

as a function of our individual psyche.

Answer: C. involves a constant process of deferred meaning. 60. Lyotard’s dictum ‘I define postmodern as incredulity toward meta-narratives’ means: A. individual stories are suspect. meaningless.

B. the law is static.

C. universal values are

D. literature reproduces repression

Answer: C. universal values are meaningless. 61. Author of The Postmodern Condition A Report on Knowledge A. kant

B. michel foucault

C. jean-françois lyotard

D. jacques derrida

C. legalizing

D. demolishing

Answer: C. jean-françois lyotard 62. For Lyotard postmodernity as an age of A. accumulation

B. fragmentation

Answer: B. fragmentation 63. The Postmodern Condition A Report on Knowledge Lyotard dealing with A. metaphysics

B. values

C. cognition

power

Answer: D. knowledge and power 64. Lyotard famously defines the postmodern as

72

D. knowledge and

A. incredulity towards metanarratives metaphysics

B. system of logic

C. system of

B. pure matter

C. centre of all think

C. nomena

D. phenomena

D. system of idealism

Answer: A. incredulity towards metanarratives 65. Lyotard sees the subject/human as A. one element among others D. master of knowledge

Answer: A. one element among others 66. Deconstruction is in terms of a critique of the A. binary

B. actual

Answer: A. binary 67. Deconstruction is A. strategy for reading texts investigation

B. understanding metaphysics

C. logical

D. reductionism

Answer: A. strategy for reading texts 68. The opposition between speech and writing is a manifestation of the A. cultural capital

B. logocentrism

C. deconstruction

D. difference

Answer: B. logocentrism 69. Derrida notes the tendency in western philosophy and semiotics to value the signifier as opposed to the thing it signifies in A. cultural capital

B. logocentrism

C. deconstruction

D. metaphysics of

presence.

Answer: D. metaphysics of presence. 70. Postmodernism put forward the notion of A. death of the subject

B. reclaiming the subject C. domination of subject D. power of the

subject

Answer: A. death of the subject 71. Author of Elements of Semiology A. ferdinand de saussure B. jean-françois lyotard

C. jean jacques rousseau D. roland barthes

73

Answer: D. roland barthes 72. As Baudrillard, there is only A. real

B. nothingness

C. cultural

D. hyperreal

B. reproduction

C. distribution

D. meticulous

C. narrative

D. normative

Answer: D. hyperreal 73. Hyperreal depicts A. production reduplication

Answer: D. meticulous reduplication 74. Baudrillard is trying to end the philosophy of A. theological

B. subjectivity

Answer: B. subjectivity 75. According to Baudrillard the elimination of reality itself, A. crime

B. perfect crime

C. method

D. practice

Answer: B. perfect crime 76. The term Hyperreality characterizes the inability of A. knowledge

B. power

C. capability

D. consciousness to

distinguish reality from fantasy

Answer: D. consciousness to distinguish reality from fantasy 77. A copy or image without reference to an original A. simulacrum

B. perfect

C. ideal

D. illusive

B. the police

C. the courts

D. the family

B. family

C. the courts

D. communications

Answer: A. simulacrum 78. What are the ideological State apparatuses A. the army

Answer: D. the family 79. The State Apparatus A. the religion

Answer: C. the courts 80. The tendency in western civilization to privilege the linguistic signifier over the signified A. deconstruction

B. logocentrism

C. materialism

Answer: B. logocentrism 74

D. rationalism

81. Author of Writing Degree Zero A. roland barthes

B. michel foucault

C. husserl

D. jacques derrida

B. breakdown

C. interference

Answer: A. roland barthes 82. In ‘Rhetoric of the Image’ Barthes asserting A. demythologizing reading of the image regularisation

Answer: A. demythologizing reading of the image 83. The underlying syntactic structure of a sentence termed A. deep structure

B. structure

C. form

D. matter

C. photograph’s

D. music

Answer: A. deep structure 84. Barth described ‘message without a code’ to A. movies

B. documents

Answer: C. photograph’s 85. The structure open to observation and description termed A. deep structure

B. structure

C. surface structure

D. matter

Answer: C. surface structure 86. The distinction between langue and parole was first made by A. roland barthes

B. michel foucault

C. ferdinand de saussure D. jacques derrida

Answer: C. ferdinand de saussure 87. The rules of sign system known as A. concept

B. langue

C. form

D. parole

C. form

D. parole

Answer: B. langue 88. The articulation of signs A. concept

B. langue

Answer: D. parole 89. Author of – Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays A. louis althusser

B. michel foucault

C. ferdinand de saussure D. jacques derrida

Answer: A. louis althusser 90. Author of Writing and Difference A. louis althusser

B. michel foucault

C. ferdinand de saussure D. jacques derrida 75

D.

Answer: D. jacques derrida 91. author of The Illusions of Postmodernism A. louis althusser

B. michel foucault

C. ferdinand de saussure D. terry eagleton

Answer: D. terry eagleton 92. For Marx superstructure is A. ideology

B. labour

C. infrastructure

D. revolutionary

Answer: A. ideology 93. “There is nothing outside the text” articulated by A. ferdinand de saussure B. jean-françois lyotard

C. jean jacques rousseau D. jacques derrida

Answer: D. jacques derrida

76

History & Philosophy of Science Multiple Choice Questions 1. ___________is American author and professor of Biochemistry. A. J.F Nash

B. Issac Newton

Answer:

D. Issac Asimov

C. Charles Darwin

D. Issac Asimov

2. Arthur Clarke, Issac Asimov and ______________ are called the “Big Three” science fiction writers of their period. A. Robert Heinlein

B. Robert Green

C. Green Graves

D. Gerald Michel

Answer: A. Robert Heinlein 3. Which quality of the mother gave the scientist’s mother a serene look? A. Sweet

B. Coloured hair

Answer:

C. calm look

C. calm look

D. handsome face

4. _______ is the biggest satellite of solar system A. Ganymede

B. Tollymede

C. Satranus

D. None of the above

Answer: A. Ganymede 5. What does the mother offer the general to eat? A. Apple

B. Grapes

Answer:

C. Oranges

C. Oranges

D. Peeches

6. What is the maximum speed possible for any wave in the solar system? A. Every wave can have its own speed

B. Speed of light

C. Speed of electron

D. None of the above

Answer:

B. Speed of light

7. W.H Auden, Cecil day Lewis, Louis Mac Neice Stephen Spendor are together termed as A. Lake poet

B. Classical poets

Answer:

C. Mac Spaunday poets

C. Mac Spaunday poets

D. Beat writers

C. Cecil day Lewis

D. Louis Mac Niece

8. The Pylons is a poem by A. W.H Anden

B. Stephen Spender

Answer:

B. Stephen Spender

77

9. Mac Spaunday poets are otherwise called A. Movement poet

B. Lake poets

Answer:

C. The Pylons

C. The Pylons

D. None of the above

C. comedy

D. tragedy

C. Frances Lucy

D. Amelia

C. Charles Dickens

D. C.P Snow

10. Dover Beach is A. An elegy

B. satire

Answer: A. An elegy 11. ______is the listener in Dover Beach. A. Mathew Arnold

B. The sea

Answer:

C. Frances Lucy

12. Strangers and Brothers is a novel by A. T.S Eliot

B. G.H Hardy

Answer:

D. C.P Snow

13. ‘The Two Cultures’ is the title of an influential Reed lecture of A. 1959

B. 1960

C. 1957

D. 1958

C. Oxwardian

D. Oxforadion

Answer: A. 1959 14. ________________is a student of student. A. Oxfordian

B. Oxonian

Answer:

B. Oxonian

15. ________________ discovered law of X-ray diffraction. A. W.L Bragg

B. Rutherford

C. Eddington

D. Dirac

Answer: A. W.L Bragg 16. _______________ famous mathematician who helped Ramanujan. A. Ruther ford

B. W.L Bragg

Answer:

C. G.H Hardy

C. G.H Hardy

D. Eddington

17. _______________ is the father of nuclear Physics. A. Faraday

B. W.L Bragg

Answer:

D. Rutherford

C. Chadwick

78

D. Rutherford

18. ________________ authored the wasteland. A. T.S Eliot

B. Shakespeare

C. Graham Greene

D. Thomas Kyd

C. Graham Greene

D. Thomas Kyd

Answer: A. T.S Eliot 19. _________ authored the Spanish Tragedy. A. T.S Eliot

B. Shakespeare

Answer:

D. Thomas Kyd

20. What is the problem of English school education that is the pointed out by Snow? A. It is vocational

B. It is specialized

Answer:

B. It is specialized

C. Only few are educated D. Its moral education

21. Is the author of Lucky Jim? A. Kingsley Ami

B. John Osborne

C. C.P Snow

D. T.S Eliot

Answer: A. Kingsley Ami 22. ___________________ is the first Prime Minister of Britain of twentieth century. A. John Harold Plumb

B. Robert Arthur Gascoyne

C. Fitzgerald

D.

Alan Louis Bullock

Answer:

B. Robert Arthur Gascoyne

23. Mendel worked on ____________ plant. A. Ground nut

B. Cashew nut

Answer:

C. Pea plant

C. Pea plant

D. Tea-plant

C. Chikus

D. Alleghenies

24. ____________ is a tribe of Eastern U.S. A. Mexican

B. Puritans

Answer:

D. Alleghenies

25. The phenomenon of light to change its wavelength when it transverses a transparent material is called A. Photo electric effect

B. Raman effect

Answer:

B. Raman effect

C. Dispersion

D. Theory of relativity

26. Study of earth’s atmosphere is called ___________ A. Physiology

B. Astronomy

C. Hydrology 79

D. Meteorology

Answer:

D. Meteorology

27. _____________ is the English teacher of C.V Raman. A. R.L.T Jone

B. Dr. W.H Wilson

Answer:

D. Elliot

C. Rangacharya

D. Elliot

28. _________ is a character in Shakespeare’s The Tempest. A. Caliban

B. Miranda

C. Ariel

D. Options (a) (b) and

(c)

Answer:

D. Options (a) (b) and (c)

29. _________ is volcanic mountain on the east coast of Sicily A. Mount Abu

B. Mount Etna

Answer:

B. Mount Etna

C. Himalayas

D. None of the above

C. Bertrand Russell

D. Francis Bacon

C. Skin

D. None of the above

C. Inference

D. Axiom

C. Albert Einstein

D. Charles Darwin

30. Public knowledge is an essay by A. J.M Zinan

B. Isaac Newton

Answer: A. J.M Zinan 31. Cosmology is a study of A. Religion

B. Universe

Answer:

B. Universe

32. ____ is a statement that we assume is true A. Logic

B. Hypothesis

Answer:

D. Axiom

33. _________ introduced scientific method A. Isaac Newton

B. Francis Bacon

Answer:

B. Francis Bacon

34. Knowledge from experience or experiments is called _____________ Knowledge. A. Hypothesi

B. Inference

Answer:

D. Empirical

C. Theorem

D. Empirical

C. Brownian motion

D. Theory of relativity

35. E=mc2 is an equation to prove A. Photo electric effect

B. Radio activity

Answer:

D. Theory of relativity 80

36. Inexorable means A. Unchanging

B. Changing

C. Relative

D. Destructive

Answer: A. Unchanging 37. Primitive observer defined natural phenomenon as activity of A. Super natural force

B. Humans

C. Machines

D. None of the above.

Answer: A. Super natural force 38. Feudalism was replaced by……………………. A. Humanitie

B. Scientific revolution

Answer:

B. Scientific revolution

C. Religion

D. Ideology

39. Science and Technology in Ancient India is a work by………. A. Joseph Needhan

B. D.P Chattopadhyaya C. Sushil Kanar Mukherjee

Answer:

B. D.P Chattopadhyaya

D. John Bernal

40. ……………..is classical age of Indian science. A. 300-600 AD

B. 700-1200 AD

Answer:

C. 400-900 A.D

C. 400-900 A.D

D. 900-1200AD

41. Greeks are to thank…………………for their scientific tradition A. Babylonian

B. Egyptians

Answer:

D. Both (a) and (b)

C. Indians

D. Both (a) and (b)

42. Arthur Schopenhauer is a ………..philosopher A. German

B. British

C. American

D. French

C. Peso

D. Kroner

Answer: A. German 43. …………….is a coin of Norway. A. Pound

B. dollar

Answer:

D. Kroner

44. ……………is Swedish tragedy written by Alfred Nobel A. Dynanite

B. Nitroglycerine

Answer:

D. Nemesis

C. Merchant of death

81

D. Nemesis

45. Nobel Prize for peace is given by A. Swedish Academy

B. Norwegian parliament C. Committee of five members appointed by

Norwegian parliament

D. Committee appointed by Swedish parliament

Answer:

C. Committee of five members appointed by Norwegian parliament

46. The chief engineer of Stockholm patient office died in an accident in A. 1896

B. 1897

Answer:

B. 1897

C. 1898

D. 1899

47. The clay which showed the properties of nitroglycerine is called……………. A. Safety powder or dynamite

B. dynamo

C. Gun powder

C. Lay Dawn Arms

D. Peace

D.

Hydrogen

Answer: A. Safety powder or dynamite 48. ……………..is a book by Bertha Suttner A. Nemesi

B. Dynamite

Answer:

C. Lay Dawn Arms

49. Exposition du system du monde is a work of A. Paul Tannery

B. Berthelot

Answer:

C. Laplace

C. Laplace

D. Michel Chasles

50. Apercu historique sur 1’ origine et le development, des methods en geometrie is a famous book by A. Michel Chasle

B. Bachelard

C. Laplace

D. Paul Tannery

Answer: A. Michel Chasle 51. What is an original work A. That which uses elements from different texts

B. Complied from various sources

elements taken from original or ancient sources

D. That which has a new idea

Answer:

C. Uses

C. Uses elements taken from original or ancient sources

52. Notions Mathematiques is a text on maths by A. Paul Tannery

B. Jules Tannery

Answer:

B. Jules Tannery

C. Michel Charles

82

D. None of these

53. Memoires Scientifiques is a book on A. Greek culture

B. Egyptian culture

C. Harappa culture

D. Byzantine

civilization

Answer:

D. Byzantine civilization

54. The New Scientific Mind is a work by ……………. A. Gaston Bachelard

B. Isaac Newton

C. Einstein

D. None of the above

Answer: A. Gaston Bachelard 55. The Formation of Scientific Mind is a work by……………… A. Gaston Bachelard

B. Isaac Newton

C. Albert Einstein

D. None of the above

C. Michel Chasles

D. Laplace

Answer: A. Gaston Bachelard 56. ……..wrote on the origins of alchemy? A. Berthelot

B. Paul Tannery

Answer: A. Berthelot 57. ……………….french mathematician and historian of mathematics. A. Paul Tannery

B. M.Berthelot

Answer:

B. M.Berthelot

C. Michel Chasles

D. Laplace

C. Bangladesh

D. None of these

58. Barishal is a place in A. India

B. Pakistan

Answer:

C. Bangladesh

59. _________________ is the founder president of the West Bengal Academy of Science and Technology. A. Prof. N.R Dhar

B. J.C Ghosh

C. J.N Mukherjee

D. Sushil Kumar

Mukharjee

Answer:

D. Sushil Kumar Mukharjee

60. _______________ made science possible. A. Feudalism

B. Capitalism

Answer:

B. Capitalism

C. Poverty

83

D. Political reasons

61. Ayurveda emerged during _____________________period A. Post-Vedic period

B. Vedic period

C. Indus valley

D. Modern

Answer: A. Post-Vedic period 62. Samurais are war lords of _________________________. A. China

B. Japan

Answer:

B. Japan

C. Korea

D. India

C. 1921

D. 1922

C. Power

D. None of the above

63. Einstein received Nobel Prize for Physics in A. 1919

B. 1920

Answer:

C. 1921

64. Class distinctions is based on A. Money

B. Force

Answer: A. Money 65. __________________is the youngest brother of Alfred. A. Emil

B. John

C. Tom

D. Immanuel

Answer: A. Emil 66. The explosion in _____________ resulted in the cancellation of the license of Alfreds to make explosive A. 1861

B. 1862

Answer:

D. 1864

C. 1863

D. 1864

C. Oscar II

D. None of the above

C. Physics

D. Peace

C. St. Xavier’s

D. None of the above

67. ___________won Nobel Peace Prize in 1910. A. Alfred Nobel

B. Bertha von Suthner

Answer:

B. Bertha von Suthner

68. C.V Raman won Nobel Prize for A. Literature

B. Chemistry

Answer:

C. Physics

69. Raman is sharing his experiences of A. Cambridge

B. Presidency College 84

Answer:

B. Presidency College

70. ________________was C V Raman’s teacher of Chemistry. A. Dr. W.H Wilson

B. Elliot

C. Rangacharya

D. R.L.T Jones

Answer: A. Dr. W.H Wilson 71. Abolition of slavery is a practical consequence of A. Law

B. Science

Answer:

B. Science

C. Humanism

D. None of these

72. The immediate consequences of mechanical means of production is A. Weakening of purchasing power

B. Devaluation of labours C. Both (a) and (b)

D. None of these.

Answer:

C. Both (a) and (b)

73. True goal of scientific research is A. Experimentation

B. Theorization

C. Contribute to knowledge D. Material

prosperity.

Answer:

C. Contribute to knowledge

74. _____________is a discovery of Alexander Fleming. A. Pencillin

B. Radio

C. Television

D. Small-pox vaccine

C. Mandatory

D. None of the above

C. Physics

D. Chemistry

C. Bertrand Russell

D. None of these

Answer: A. Pencillin 75. Science is __________________ activity. A. Individual

B. Social

Answer:

B. Social

76. Russell was awarded the Nobel Prize for A. Peace

B. Literature

Answer:

B. Literature

77. Mortals and Others is an essay collection by A. Aldus Huxley

B. Robert Benchley

85

Answer:

C. Bertrand Russell

78. The priests were succeeded by………………………….. A. Physician

B. Medicine man

C. Men of science

D. None of these

Answer: A. Physician 79. Average weight of man’s brain is ………………………….than woman’s. A. Greater

B. Lesser

C. Equal to

D. None of the above

C. Gregor Mendel

D. Isaac Asimov

Answer: A. Greater 80. ………………….. is the father of genetics. A. Charles Darwin

B. Gustavo Kernel

Answer:

C. Gregor Mendel

81. ………………. is a problem of the entire West A. Poverty

B. Illiteracy

C. The gulf between arts and science D.

Language

Answer:

C. The gulf between arts and science

82. ……………………invited C.P. Snow to Cambridge University A. W.L. Bragg

B. Ruther ford

C. G.H. Hardy

D. Adrian Dirac

Answer: A. W.L. Bragg 83. Which are the 2 cultures mentioned by C.P.Snow? A. Science and religion

B. Arts and sport

C. Arts and science

D. Philosophy and

history

Answer:

C. Arts and science

84. ……………….. is the beginning of all scientific activities of England A. Elizabethan period

B. Victorian age

Answer:

B. Victorian age

C. Modern period

D. Jacobean period

C. Albert Einstein

D. Sigmund Freud

85. Origin of species is a work by A. Mathew Arnold

B. Charles Darwin

Answer:

B. Charles Darwin 86

86. ………………………… conflicted with faith in the Victorian period A. Science

B. Philosophy

C. Mathematics

D. None of these

Answer: A. Science 87. The poem ‘The Pylons’ is about A. Evening

B. A brook

C. Loss of rural life in England

Answer:

C. Loss of rural life in England

D. Cities

88. England is compared to A. Sapphire

B. Ruby

Answer:

C. Emerald

C. Emerald

D. Diamond

C. Liar

D. The Sea

89. Asimov coined the term “Robotics” in his story A. Rob land

B. Hunger

Answer:

C. Liar

90. What are the qualities of the mother? A. Stylish and talkative

B. Affection and practical knowledge

C. Love and care D.

None of these

Answer:

B. Affection and practical knowledge

91. What is the name of the General of the story ‘My Son, The Physicist’? A. Reiner

B. Gerard

C. Michel

D. Cremona

C. Straus

D. None of the above

Answer: A. Reiner 92. Largest satellite of Jupiter? A. Ganymede

B. Tollymede

Answer: A. Ganymede 93. French Mathematician who worked in tobacco industry is …….. A. Paul Tannery

B. Jules Tannery

C. Michel Chasles

Answer: A. Paul Tannery

87

D. Laplace

94. Byzantine Civilisation was studied by A. Laplace

B. M.Berthelot

Answer:

C. Paul Tannery

C. Paul Tannery

D. Jules Tannery

95. The first unfavourable condition for the underdevelopment of science and its history is……… A. Few knows the entirety of science

B. Few are capable of investigating by himself all

scientific questions

C. Both (a) and (b)

D. None of these

Answer:

C. Both (a) and (b)

96. M.Berthelot disproved theory of ……… A. Evolution

B. Natural selection

C. Vitalism

D. Origin of the

C. Cecil Day Lewis

D. None of these

C. Charles Darwin

D. Adolf Hitler

universe

Answer:

C. Vitalism

97. Vienna is a collection of Poems by ……….. A. Stephen Spender

B. MacNeice

Answer: A. Stephen Spender 98. Alan Charles Bullock wrote a biography of A. Charlie Chaplin

B. Isaac Newton

Answer:

D. Adolf Hitler

99. ………is a religion founded primarily on revelations of God to human kind. A. Buddhism

B. Jainism

C. Revealed Religion

D. Unrevealed

Religion

Answer:

C. Revealed Religion

100. ………is a conversation or speech characterized by witty comments or replies. A. Alliteration

B. Repartee

Answer:

B. Repartee

C. Wit

D. None of these

101. Who founded the ‘Royal Society for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge’ in 1662? A. Charles II

B. Charles I

C. James I

Answer: A. Charles II 88

D. James II

102. The Academe des Sciences was founded by …….. A. Louis X

B. James I

Answer:

C. Louis XIV

C. Louis XIV

D. Charles I

C. James II

D. Charles I

C. Isaac Newton

D. James I

103. The Berlin Academy was founded by …….. A. Louis XI

B. Frederick of Prussia

Answer:

B. Frederick of Prussia

104. Principia is a work by ……… A. Robert Boyle

B. Hooke

Answer:

C. Isaac Newton

105. Who among the following was not a contemporary of Newton? A. Robert Hooke

B. Leibniz

Answer:

D. Galileo

C. Huygens

D. Galileo

106. ……….. built the first state observatory of modern times in Paris? A. Leibniz

B. Newton

Answer:

C. Claude Perrault

C. Claude Perrault

D. Boyle

107. Horologium Oscillatorium is a work by …………. A. Newton

B. Chritian Huygens

Answer:

B. Chritian Huygens

C. Boyle

D. Hooke

108. ………. was the first to show that light has a finite velocity. A. Ole Christian Romer B. Huygens

C. Newton

D. Boyle

Answer: A. Ole Christian Romer 109. When Newton published the Principia, he was forced to acknowledge that one of the results obtained by this person. Who was this person? A. Kepler

B. Leibniz

Answer:

B. Leibniz

C. Hooke

D. Wren

110. The controversy between Newton and Huygens was related to ……. A. Whether light consisted of waves or particles diffraction

B. The authorship of the discovery of laws of

C. Which of them had invented calculus

rivalry 89

D. Mere personal

Answer: A. Whether light consisted of waves or particles 111. Flamsteed was asked to set up an observatory in Greenwich because …… A. England wanted to build the best observatory in the world. most celebrated astronomer in Europe.

B. Flamsteed was the

C. A very accurate star chart was needed to be

preparewd for navigation. D. There was a great deal of popular interest.

Answer:

C. A very accurate star chart was needed to be preparewd for navigation.

112. Who described light as the ‘sensation of a stimulation of the retina’? A. G.D. Cassini

B. Kepler

Answer:

B. Kepler

C. Newton

D. Hooke

C. Robert Hooke

D. Descartes

C. Kepler

D. Descartes

C. Kepler

D. Descartes

C. Hooke

D. Huygens

C. Priestly

D. Newton

C. Newton

D. Cavendish

113. Micrographia is a work by ………. A. Kepler

B. Newton

Answer:

C. Robert Hooke

114. The Skeptical Chemist was written by ………. A. Robert Boyle

B. Hooke

Answer: A. Robert Boyle 115. Who has been hailed as the French Newton? A. Laplace

B. Hooke

Answer: A. Laplace 116. Who introduced the concept of ‘phlogiston’? A. Newton

B. George Ernst Stahl

Answer:

B. George Ernst Stahl

117. Who discovered hydrogen? A. Henry Cavendish

B. Kepler

Answer: A. Henry Cavendish 118. Who discovered oxygen? A. Kepler

B. Joseph Priestly 90

Answer:

B. Joseph Priestly

119. The important feature of Industrial Revolution was ……… A. The switch from cottage mode of production to factory mode of production. B. Division of labour and mechanization C. The use of steam power

Answer:

D. All of the above

D. All of the above

120. Who wrote On The Origin of Species ? A. Charles Darwin

B. Georges Buffon

C. Alfred Russel

D. Newton

Answer: A. Charles Darwin 121. The proposition that everything is determined by God is known as …….. A. Determinism

B. Theological determinism

C. Casual determinism

D. Scientific determinism

Answer:

B. Theological determinism

122. …….. think that free will is an illusion. A. Incompatibilists

B. Combatibilists

C. Soft determinists

D. None of these

Answer: A. Incompatibilists 123. ……….. holds that all propositions, either about the past, present or future, are either true or false. A. Environmental determinism determinism

D. Casual determinism

Answer:

C. Logical determinism

B. Biological determinism C. Logical

124. …………. says that physical environment,rather than social conditions, determines culture. A. Casual determinism

B. Logical determinism

C. Environmental determinism

D.

Biological determinism

Answer:

B. Logical determinism

125. ………… is the theory that all behaviour, belief and desire are governed by our genetic make up.

91

A. Environmental determinism

B. Biological determinism C. Casual determinism

D. Logical determinism

Answer:

B. Biological determinism

126. It has been said that the French Revolution was inspired by philosophers. Who among the following philosophers does not belong to this group? A. Rousseau

B. Voltaire

Answer:

D. Descartes

C. Helvetius

D. Descartes

127. Those who believe in ‘scientific determinism’ argue that ……….. A. Everything is predetermined by fate. our future.

B. Science gives us the determination to decide

C. Everything has a cause, so whatever now is determined by earlier

events, and we have no choice in the matter.

D. When science has progressed enough, we will

be able to predict the future.

Answer: A. Everything is predetermined by fate. 128. John Hunter, Ignaz Semmelweis and Joseph Lister had much in common: A. All of them were reputed surgeons.

B. All of them tried to introduce the principles

of ‘asepsis’ into surgical practices.

C. All of them faced stiff opposition from their

colleagues.

D. And one of them was so persecuted that he died in a mental hospital.

Answer:

D. And one of them was so persecuted that he died in a mental hospital.

129. The credit for discovering the Microscope is usually shared by the Hansens, Leewenhock, and Robert Hooke. But only one of them managed to see any micro‐ organisms through his magnifying glass, and to produce reasonable sketches. This was done by …….. A. Robert Hooke

B. Hans Jansen

Answer:

D. Leeuwenhock

C. Sakharias Jansen

D. Leeuwenhock

C. Robert Hooke

D. John Hunter

130. Who is called the father of Microbiology? A. Joseph Lister

B. Leeuwenhock

Answer:

B. Leeuwenhock

131. Louis Pasteur, Edward Jenner, Robert Koch and Ronald Ross were associated in the establishment of the Germ Theory. Which one of them was born in India? A. Pasteur

B. Jenner

C. Koch 92

D. Ross

Answer:

D. Ross

132. Homeopathy had been founded by ………. A. Samuel Hahnemann

B. Ronald Ross

C. Robert Koch

D. Louis Pasteur

C. Gregor Mendel

D. Darwin

Answer: A. Samuel Hahnemann 133. Systema naturae is a work by ……….. A. George Cuvier

B. Carolus Linnaeus

Answer:

B. Carolus Linnaeus

134. Who discovered that sudden mutations might appear in plants and could get transmitted to future generations? A. Hugo de Vries

B. Gregor Mendel

C. Darwin

D. Linnaeus

C. Wather Flemming

D. Pasteur

Answer: A. Hugo de Vries 135. Chromosomes were discovered by …….. A. William Bateson

B. Darwin

Answer:

C. Wather Flemming

136. The number of genes in the human body is ……… A. Between 20 and 250000

B. About 1 million

C. Close to 5 million

D. Above 1 billion

Answer: A. Between 20 and 250000 137. Among the fundamental particles, the first to be discovered was ……. A. Proton

B. Electron

C. Neutron

D. Positron

Answer: A. Proton 138. Who discovered X‐ray? A. Rutherford

B. Konrad Von Rontgen C. J.J. Thomson

Answer:

B. Konrad Von Rontgen

D. Einstein

139. Gamma‐radiation was discovered by ……….. A. J.J. Thomson

B. Rontgen

C. Paul Villard 93

D. Newton

Answer:

C. Paul Villard

140. Raman effect was discovered by ………. A. Chandrasekhara Vankata Raman

B. Neils Bohr

C. J.J.Thomson

C. James Chadwick

D. Otto Hahn

C. Carl D. Anderson

D. Darwin

D.

Newton

Answer: A. Chandrasekhara Vankata Raman 141. Newtrons were discovered by ……….. A. Neils Bohr

B. J.J.Thomson

Answer:

C. James Chadwick

142. Positron was discovered by ………. A. James Chadwick

B. Otto Hahn

Answer:

C. Carl D. Anderson

143. The term ‘Nanotechnology’ refers to ..,…….. A. Extreme miniaturization. nanometer or less.

B. Operations involving particles of one

C. Operations in the scale 100 nanometer or less.

D. Anything which is

done at molecular level.

Answer:

D. Anything which is done at molecular level.

144. Who invented the Pascalina? A. Leibniz

B. Blaise Pascal

Answer:

B. Blaise Pascal

C. Ada Lovelace

D. None of these

145. Telephone was invented by ……… A. Pascal

B. Lovelace

C. Alexander Graham Bell

Answer:

C. Alexander Graham Bell

D. None of these

146. Radio was invented by …….. A. Lovelace

B. Marconi

Answer:

B. Marconi

C. Graham Bell

D. Pascal

147. The first High Speed, General‐Purpose Electronic Computer using vacuum tubes, was ….. A. ENIAC

B. UNIVAC

C. EDVAC

Answer: A. ENIAC 94

D. None of these

148. The first binary, stored programme computer was ……. A. UNIVAC

B. ENIAC

Answer:

C. EDVAC

C. EDVAC

D. None of these

149. The world’s first commercial computer was …….. A. UNIVAC

B. ENIAC

C. EDVAC

D. None of these

Answer: A. UNIVAC 150. The term nanotechnology was first coined by ……… A. Norio Taniguchi

B. John von Neumann

C. Ada Lovelace

D. Pascal

C. 10‐9m

D. 106m

Answer: A. Norio Taniguchi 151. The nanoscale is of the order of ……… A. 10‐10m

B. 108m

Answer:

C. 10‐9m

152. The smallest and strangest of the fundamental particles are …… A. Positrons

B. Neutrons

Answer:

C. Neutrions

C. Neutrions

D. Atoms

C. Top hate

D. To know

C. Memory

D. Purity

C. Love of wealth

D. None of these

C. Metaphysics

D. Ontology

153. The Greek word philo means …… A. To respect

B. To love

Answer:

B. To love

154. The Greek word sophia means …… A. Wisdom

B. Intelligence

Answer: A. Wisdom 155. Philosophy means ……… A. Love of wisdom

B. Love of power

Answer: A. Love of wisdom 156. ………….is the study of reality. A. Axiology

B. Epistemology 95

Answer:

C. Metaphysics

157. ……. is the study of reality. A. Axiology

B. Epistemology

Answer:

C. Metaphysics

C. Metaphysics

D. Ontology

C. Ontology

D. None of these

158. ………. is the study of values. A. Axiology

B. Metaphysics

Answer: A. Axiology 159. ………. of science deals with the development of ideas. A. History

B. Philosophy

C. Knowledge

D. None of these

Answer: A. History 160. ………. of science deals with the logic of ideas. A. Knowledge

B. History

Answer:

C. Philosophy

C. Philosophy

D. None of these

161. ……. is a systematic study of Nature, or the world around us. A. History

B. Philosophy

Answer:

C. Science

C. Science

D. Maths

C. Wegener

D. None of these

162. Inductivism was introduced by ……… A. Newton

B. Francis Bacon

Answer:

B. Francis Bacon

163. Who gave scientific explanation, a theoretical structure? A. Francis Bacon

B. Wegener

Answer:

C. Carl Hempel

C. Carl Hempel

D. Newton

164. Carl Hempel gave scientific explanation a theoretical structure and he called it the ……… A. Covering Law Model B. Explanandum

C. Explanas

Answer: A. Covering Law Model 165. Covering Law Model is also known as …………

96

D. None of these

A. Inductive‐Nomological model

B. Deductive‐Nomological model

Scientific model

D. None of these

Answer:

B. Deductive‐Nomological model

C. New

166. Who gave the Theory of Relativity? A. Newton

B. Einstein

Answer:

B. Einstein

C. Carl Hempel

D. Wegener

167. All science begins with ………. A. Experimentation

B. Hypothesis

C. Observation and measurement

D.

Inference

Answer:

C. Observation and measurement

168. …….. contended that observed universe is illusory and only mental experiences are real. A. Idealism

B. Naturalism

C. Realism

D. None of these

Answer: A. Idealism 169. After observation and measurement, ,……. is the hallmark of most sciences. A. Inference

B. Hhypothesis

Answer:

C. Experimentation

C. Experimentation

D. None of these

170. Which one of the following is a characteristic featrure of a good experimental design? A. Accuracy

B. Precision

Answer:

D. All of these

C. Consistency

D. All of these

171. On the Book of Heavens and the World of Aristotle is a work by …… A. Einstein

B. Bishop Oresme

Answer:

B. Bishop Oresme

C. Newton

D. Huygens

172. The notion that science is gradually moving towards a better understanding of the ‘reality out there’ is the predominant feature of ……. A. Realism

B. Determinism

Answer:

C. Scientific realism

C. Scientific realism

D. Idealism

C. Arthur Fine

D. None of these

173. NOA was introduced by ….. A. Einstein

B. Newton 97

Answer:

C. Arthur Fine

174. …….. claims that science is getting closer and closer to a single, correct account of the world. A. Anti realism

B. Idealism

Answer:

C. Progressivism

C. Progressivism

D. Phenomenalism

175. The theory of Evolution was propounded by …… A. Charles Darwin

B. Newton

C. Einstein

D. None of these

C. Axiological unity

D. None of these

Answer: A. Charles Darwin 176. The unity of phenomena is called ….. A. Epistemological unity B. Ontological unity

Answer:

B. Ontological unity

177. The belief that the values of science, like its aims and goals, are unified is known as …….. A. Axiological unity

B. Ontological unity

C. Epistemological unity D. None of these

Answer: A. Axiological unity 178. Reducing everything to fundamentals is called ……… A. Deduction

B. Reductionism

Answer:

B. Reductionism

C. Inference

D. None of these

C. Kepler

D. Darwin

179. Who discovered the Laws of Motion? A. Einstein

B. Newton

Answer:

B. Newton

180. The notion that the various concepts, models, theories, etc. that scientists use to explore and explain the phenomena can themselves be reduced to the concepts, models, theories of a more basic science, is known as ….. A. Ontological reduction B. Epistemological reduction reduction

D. None of these

Answer:

B. Epistemological reduction

C. Axiological

181. Kepler’s theory or laws can be derived from …….. equations. A. Einstein’s

B. Newton’s

C. Darwin’s 98

D. None of these

Answer:

B. Newton’s

182. The modern versions of inductivism owe much to …… A. Francis Bacon

B. Newton

Answer:

C. John Stuart Mill

C. John Stuart Mill

D. Darwin

183. The philosopher of the 20 th century , who objected to the foundation of inductive reasoning is …… A. John Stuart Mill

B. Newton

Answer:

C. Karl Popper

C. Karl Popper

D. John Gray

184. Popper uses the term ……….instead of verification. A. Falsification

B. Identification

C. Analysis

D. Simplificatiuon

Answer: A. Falsification 185. Who challenged the very idea that scientific progress was a steady, linear, cumulative, and rational process. A. Karl Popper

B. Newton

Answer:

C. Thomas Kuhn

C. Thomas Kuhn

D. John Gray

186. The new approach introduced by Lakatos to resolve the contradiction between Kuhn’s and Popper’s approaches is known as …,.,.. A. Methodology of Research Programme

B. Methodology of Research Tradition

Methodology of Research Progress

D. None of these

C.

Answer: A. Methodology of Research Programme 187. Who defines technological infrastruture as a historically determined set of mutually supporting artifacts and structures that enable human activity, and provide the means for its development. A. Joseph Pitt

B. Thomas Kuhn

C. Karl Popper

D. Laudan

Answer: A. Joseph Pitt 188. ………. Is concerned with knowing. A. Praxis

B. Techne

C. Theoretical Knowledge 99

D. None of there

Answer:

C. Theoretical Knowledge

189. Praxis is concerned with …….. A. Manufacturing

B. Doing

Answer:

B. Doing

C. Knowing

D. None of these

B. Doing

C. Knowing

C. Pure science

D. None of these

C. Technology

D. None of these

C. Applied science

D. None of these

190. Techne is concerned with …… A. Making or manufacturing None of these

Answer: A. Making or manufacturing 191. Theoretical knowledge deals with ….. A. Applied science

B. Technology

Answer:

C. Pure science

192. Praxis deals with ….. A. Pure science

B. Applied science

Answer:

B. Applied science

193. Techne deals with ….. A. Technology

B. Pure science

Answer: A. Technology 194. ……. looks for opportunities for using or applying science. A. Pure science

B. Applied science

Answer:

B. Applied science

C. Technology

D. None of these

195. ……….. argue that evolution should have nothing to do with taxonomy and we should proceed purely by traditional considerations of appearances and similarities. A. Taxonomists

B. Pheneticists

Answer:

B. Pheneticists

C. Cladists

D. None of These

196. …….. is the requirement that all members of a group should share the same ancestor. A. Monophyly

B. Taxonomy

C. Evolution

Answer: A. Monophyly 100

D. None of these

D.

197. Philosophy of …… closely monitors the current work in cognitive neurosciences, evolutionary psychology, and artificial intelligence. A. Science

B. Biology

Answer:

D. Psychology

C. Physics

D. Psychology

C. Chomsky

D. Newton

198. Who wrote The Modularity of the Mind? A. Jerry Fodor

B. John Gray

Answer: A. Jerry Fodor 199. The over‐reverential attitude towards science is called ……. A. Axiology

B. Metaphysics

Answer:

C. Scientism

C. Scientism

D. None of these

200. The one who spoke about ‘Scientific temper’ was …….. A. Jawaharlal Nehru

B. Newton

C. Bacon

D. None of these

Answer: A. Jawaharlal Nehru 201. ……….. holds that science is a dangerous activity. A. Bacon

B. Paul Feyerabend

Answer:

B. Paul Feyerabend

C. Chomsky

D. C.P.Snow

C. Newton

D. Darwin

202. ……. argues that science is inevitably political. A. Bill Zimmerman

B. Paul Feyerabend

Answer: A. Bill Zimmerman 203. The history of Science is a study of the history of …………. A. Nature

B. Ideas

Answer:

B. Ideas

C. Earth

D. Ages

204. Who performed a simple experiment to calculate the circumference of the Earth two thousand years ago? A. Aristotle

B. Alfred Wegener

Answer:

D. Eratoshthenes

C. Abraham Ortelius

D. Eratoshthenes

205. The Chinese were measuring earthquake intensities using ………… almost two 101

thousand years ago. A. Seismographs

B. Sthethascope

C. Galvanometer

D. None of these

Answer: A. Seismographs 206. Complex surgical procedures were described in details in the ………….. A. Yajur Veda

B. Sushruta Samhita

Answer:

B. Sushruta Samhita

C. Kanada Sutras

D. Caraka Samhita

C. Abraham Ortelius

D. Aristotle

207. Who suggested the idea of Continental drift? A. Aryabhata

B. Alfred Wegner

Answer:

C. Abraham Ortelius

208. When was the idea of continental drift suggested? A. 1505

B. 1515

Answer:

C. 1596

C. 1596

D. 1586

209. Who resurrected the concept of continental drift? A. Alfred Wegner

B. Aristotle

C. Abraham Ortelius

D. Aryabhata

C. Copper Age

D. Old Stone Age

Answer: A. Alfred Wegner 210. Palaeolithic Age is also called…………. A. The Bronze Age

B. New Stone Age

Answer:

D. Old Stone Age

211. Pottery was invented during the ………… age. A. The Neolithic

B. The Bronze

Answer:

C. The Palaeolithic

C. The Palaeolithic

D. The Copper

C. Agriculturalists

D. Industrialists

212. The old stone Age humans were………. A. Hunter-gatherers

B. Technicians

Answer: A. Hunter-gatherers 213. Which among the following does not belong to the most momentous inventions in human history?

102

A. Agriculture

B. Hunting

C. The conquest of fire

D. Harnessing of the

natural sources of energy

Answer:

B. Hunting

214. The surplus food was stored in ………….. during the Neolithic Age. A. Special storage houses B. Underground buildings

C. Mud pots

D.

Stone pots

Answer: A. Special storage houses 215. Bronze Age began in about……….. A. 4000 BC

B. 3500 BC

C. 2000 BC

D. 4500 BC

Answer: A. 4000 BC 216. Copper and then ………… were found to be malleable during the bronze age. A. Gold

B. Metals

Answer:

C. Bronze

C. Bronze

D. Platinum

217. In the Neolithic period man achieved……….. A. Copper and bronze

B. Harnessing of animal power

C. Cooking technics

D. A new equilibrium with nature

Answer:

D. A new equilibrium with nature

218. ………. caused a revolutionary change in craft A. The discovery of boats driven by sails

B. The invention of Potter’s wheel

invention of two and four wheeled vehicles

D. Growth of the new classes of traders

Answer:

C. The

B. The invention of Potter’s wheel

219. Mesopotamia is also called as…………. A. The land of rivers

B. The plain of rivers

C. The land between the rivers

pleateau of rivers

Answer:

C. The land between the rivers

220. Which land is called the Cradle of Civilization A. Nile Valley

B. Mesopotamia

C. Central Asia

103

D. India

D. The

Answer:

B. Mesopotamia

221. The Sexagesimal system was developed by………. A. Indians

B. Chinese

Answer:

B. Chinese

C. Greeks

D. Babylonians

222. Anaximenes considered …………. As his Primordial substance and derived the other elements from it. A. Air

B. Water

C. Fire

D. Soil

Answer: A. Air 223. It was the ……….. which epitomized the achievements of Babylonians in the field of science A. Crafts

B. Farming

Answer:

C. Calendar

C. Calendar

D. Pottery

C. Iranians

D. Indians

224. Who started building pyramids? A. Egyptians

B. Babylonians

Answer: A. Egyptians 225. Which pyramid contains approximately 3 million cubic meters of stone and the area of the base about 5 hectares? A. Pyramid of Egypt

B. Pyramid

Answer:

C. The Great pyramid

C. The Great pyramid

D. Giza

226. How many blocks were there in the Great Pyramid at Giza? A. 2, 30,000

B. 23,00,000

Answer:

B. 23,00,000

C. 32, 00,000

D. 3,20,000

227. The finest scientific achievement of the Egyptians lay in ……….. A. Agriculture

B. Dam construction

Answer:

D. Medicine

C. Voyage

D. Medicine

228. The large cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro belong to the ……….. civilization. A. Indus Valley

B. Egyptian

C. Babylonian

104

D. Mesopotamian

Answer: A. Indus Valley 229. ……… was home to the earliest inhabitation in China A. Nile Valley

B. Indus Valley

C. Yellow River valley

D. Tigris-Euphrates

valley

Answer:

C. Yellow River valley

230. The Yellow River Valley culture is named after……… A. YangTse

B. Yangshao

Answer:

B. Yangshao

C. Yangshi

D. None of these

231. The Yangshao culture is well known for its…….. A. Dance

B. Painted pottery

Answer:

B. Painted pottery

C. Weaving

D. None of these

232. The documented history of China extends continuously to nearly ……..… BC. A. 1600

B. 1200

C. 2500

D. 1500

Answer: A. 1600 233. Shadow clocks, the forerunners of the sundial, first appeared in China about …… years ago. A. 2500

B. 2000

Answer:

D. 4000

C. 3500

D. 4000

234. Abacus was invented in China sometime between ……….. A. 350-1000 BC

B. 1000-200 BC

Answer:

C. 1000-500 BC

C. 1000-500 BC

D. 750-1000 AD

235. The most ancient verifiable eclipse in the history of any people was recorded by the Chinese in……….. A. 1241 BC

B. 1311 AD

Answer:

C. 1361 BC

C. 1361 BC

D. 1221 BC

236. Which is the earliest written text of the Chinese medical practices? A. A compendium of medical practices Medicine

B. Yellow Emperor’s classic of Internal

C. Chinese Medical practices

105

D. None of these

Answer:

B. Yellow Emperor’s classic of Internal Medicine

237. Accurate records of celestial events were associated with……. Civilization A. Chinese

B. Egyptians

C. Mesopotamian

D. The Indus Valley

Answer: A. Chinese 238. Who was the first and the foremost of the Greek natural philosophers? A. Anaximander

B. Thales

Answer:

B. Thales

C. Empedocles

D. Anaxagoras

239. Who identified Thales as the first person to investigate the basic principles of nature and considered him to be founder of natural philosophy. A. Aryabhata

B. Empedocles

Answer:

C. Aristotle

C. Aristotle

D. Theophrastus

B. Julian Calendar

C. Pythagorean school

240. Thales founded the ……… A. Ionian school of philosophy D. None of these

Answer: A. Ionian school of philosophy 241. Which one of following propositions does not belong to Thales credit? A. Any diameter of the circle divides it into equal parts base of an isosceles triangle are equal

B. The angles at the

C. When two straight lines cross, the opposite

angles are equal.

D. Algebraic methods to solve equations of the first and second degree

Answer:

D. Algebraic methods to solve equations of the first and second degree

242. Name the fourth element which Anaximander added to the existing three elements? A. Solids

B. Gases

Answer:

C. Fire

C. Fire

D. Liquids

243. ………. is the continuous medium which filled all space. A. Ether

B. Sodium

C. Methane

D. None of these

Answer: A. Ether 244. Who said that “Living creatures rose from the moist element, as it was evaporated by the 106

Sun”? A. Pythagoras

B. Anaximander

Answer:

B. Anaximander

C. Aristotle

D. None of these

245. In practical affairs, the Pythagoreans aimed at a ………. Of society A. Scientific Upliftment B. Technological development

C. Moral reformation

D. All the above

Answer:

C. Moral reformation

246. The Pythagoreans gave much attention to …………. A. Equilateral triangle

B. Solar system

Answer:

D. Regular solids

C. Chemicals

D. Regular solids

247. Who conceived the idea that the Universe began as a chaotic mixture of the four elements? A. Hippasos of Metaportion

B. Empedocles of Agrigentum

Pythagoras

D. Hippocrates of Cos

Answer:

B. Empedocles of Agrigentum

C.

248. According to Empedocles, the heavens were formed from air and the sun from…………. A. Fire

B. Other elements

C. Air

D. Light

Answer: A. Fire 249. Among the choices given below, which one is the most valuable contribution of Empedocles? A. The discovery of the property possessed by right-angled triangles

B. The thought that

the universe began as a chaotic mixture of the four elements.

C. Hypothesis that

light travels through space at a finite speed.

Answer:

D. None of these

B. The thought that the universe began as a chaotic mixture of the four

elements. 250. What was the Pythagorean concept of the earth? A. The earth was spherical in shape round the sun.

B. The earth was a planet C. The earth revolves

D. Our earth is the only living planet

107

Answer: A. The earth was spherical in shape 251. Greeks called Determinism…………. A. Necessity

B. Compulsion

Answer:

B. Compulsion

C. Decomposition

D. Utilitarianism

C. Aesculapius

D. Hercules

252. Who was the Greek God of medicine? A. Appolo

B. Zeus

Answer:

C. Aesculapius

253. Which writings are the earliest collections of Greek medical works? A. Pythagorean

B. Hippocratic

Answer:

B. Hippocratic

C. Leucippus

D. Thales

254. The Ionian school regarded medicine as ………. A. An art

B. A science

C. A theoxetical science D. A practice

Answer: A. An art 255. Who first suggested that the moon shone by reflected light? A. Aristotle

B. Leucippus

Answer:

D. Anaxagoras

C. Democritus

D. Anaxagoras

256. Whose intervention saved Anaxagoras from death? A. Anaximenes

B. Hippocrates

Answer:

D. Pericles

C. Pythagoras

D. Pericles

C. Socrates

D. None of these

257. Plato was the disciple of…………… A. Aristotle

B. Ecphantus

Answer:

C. Socrates

258. Which was the first institution devoted to the pursuit of knowledge in the Western world and which lasted for a thousand years? A. Academy

B. Ionian school

C. Pythagorean school

Answer: A. Academy

108

D. Republic

259. Aristotle was the disciple of ………… A. Plato

B. Socrates

C. Theophrastus

D. Eudoxus

Answer: A. Plato 260. Aristotle interpreted all motion as………. of natural inclinations A. Complementary

B. Parallel

Answer:

D. Gratification

C. Opposite

D. Gratification

261. Aristotle had borrowed his idea of cosmogony from…………. A. Plato

B. Ecphantus

Answer:

C. Eudoxus

C. Eudoxus

D. Leucippus

262. Aristotle had setup the …………. In opposition to the Academy A. Lyceum

B. Republic

C. University

D. None of these

C. Euclid

D. Menaechmus

Answer: A. Lyceum 263. Who succeeded Aristotle in the Lyceyum? A. Eratosthenes

B. Theophrastus

Answer:

B. Theophrastus

264. Who was the head of the Lyceum from 287 to 269 BC? A. Aristotle

B. Theophrastus

C. Strato of Lampascus

Answer:

C. Strato of Lampascus

D. Exodus

265. Who asserted that earth turned on its own axis? A. Eudoxus

B. Exogabtus

C. Theophrastus

D. Strato of

C. Apollonius

D. Epicurus of Samos

Lampascus

Answer:

B. Exogabtus

266. Who founded Epicureanism? A. Zeno

B. Euclid

Answer:

D. Epicurus of Samos

267. Which one among the following does not belong to the Cardinal teachings of Epicurus? A. Heavenly bodies are divine

B. The highest good is the pleasure C. The 109

gods do not concern themselves at all with men’s affairs

D. The external world

resulted from a fortuitous concourse of atoms

Answer: A. Heavenly bodies are divine 268. Epicurus of Samos wanted to set man free from the …………. A. Unjust activities of the rulers

B. Social order

C. Various diseases

C. Euclid

D. Socrates

D. Burden of religion

Answer:

D. Burden of religion

269. Stoicism was founded by………. A. Zeno

B. Epicurus of Samos

Answer: A. Zeno 270. Who started a ‘Museum’ or ‘Temple of Muses’ in Alexandria? A. Alexander the Great

B. Zeno

Answer:

C. Ptolemy

C. Ptolemy

D. Diophantus

C. Scientific school

D. Royal Library

271. Ptolemy II started the …………. A. Museum

B. University

Answer:

D. Royal Library

272. Ptolemaic dynasty ended with the death of ……… A. Ptolemy

B. Cleopatra

Answer:

B. Cleopatra

C. Alexander the Great

D. Ptolemy II

273. Who instigated the murder of Hypatia in 415? A. St,Cyril

B. Archbishop Theophilus

C. PtolemyD.

Alexander

Answer: A. St,Cyril 274. Some of the Alexandrians migrated to ……….. A. Rome

B. England

C. Athens

110

D. France

Answer:

C. Athens

275. Byzantium was later known as …………. A. Rome

B. Venice

Answer:

D. Constantinople

C. Alexandria

D. Constantinople

276. Who was the first of the Great Alexandrian mathematicians? A. Epicurus

B. Euclid

C. Zeno

D. Alexander the

Great

Answer:

B. Euclid

277. The famous work of Euclid on Geometry is ………. A. Elements of GeometryB. Geometrical elements C. Theories on Geometry D. None of these

Answer: A. Elements of Geometry 278. Archimedes is best known for his …………. A. Theory that the sun was far more distant than the moon bright star called spica

B. Discovery of the

C. Method of measuring the specific gravities of substances

D. New

algebraic methods

Answer:

C. Method of measuring the specific gravities of substances

279. Name the person who does not belong to the following Mathematicians of Alexandria A. Apollonius

B. Diophantus

Answer:

C. Galen

C. Galen

D. Archimedes

C. Archimedes

D. Apollonius

280. Who is called as ‘The Father of Algebra’? A. Euclid

B. Diophantus

Answer:

B. Diophantus

281. Which is the best known work of Claudius Ptolemy? A. Almagest

B. Republic

C. Elements of Geometry D. None of these

Answer: A. Almagest 282. Who introduced a drastic reform in the making of calendar? A. Galen

B. Claudius Ptolemy

C. Julius Caesar

111

D. Cicero

Answer:

C. Julius Caesar

283. Which is the oldest of the Vedas? A. Sama Veda

B. Rig Veda

Answer:

B. Rig Veda

C. Yajur Veda

D. Atharva Veda

284. Who is the Vedic Sage who has enumerated various multiples of 10 in a systematic way? A. Caraka

B. Susruta

Answer:

D. Medhatithi

C. Patanjali

D. Medhatithi

285. Which is the earliest systematic astronomic text of this period? A. Jothisha Vedanga

B. Sulva Sutra

C. Atharva Veda

D. Kanada Sutra

Answer: A. Jothisha Vedanga 286. When Huan Tsang visited Nalanda, there were over ………. Students A. 8000

B. 2500

Answer:

C. 8500

C. 8500

D. 7000

287. Classical Indian medical knowledge is called………… A. Carakasamhita

B. Susruta samhita

Answer:

C. Ayurveda

C. Ayurveda

D. None of these

288. The authoritative text on Yoga called ‘Yagasutra’ was written by……… A. Patanjali

B. Aryabhata

C. Nagarjuna

D. Caraka

C. Confucius

D. Shih Huang Ti

C. Shih Shen

D. None of these

Answer: A. Patanjali 289. Who was the first Emperor of Chin dynasty? A. Liu Pang

B. Lao Tsu

Answer:

D. Shih Huang Ti

290. Who prepared a star chart of about 800 stars? A. Shih Huang Ti

B. Lao Tsu

Answer:

C. Shih Shen

291. Which was the philosophical school founded by Lao Tsu in the 6th century BC? A. Taoism

B. Protestantism

C. Zen-Buddhism

112

D. None of these

Answer: A. Taoism 292. The historic flight of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina took place in ……… AD A. 602

B. 538

Answer:

D. 622

C. 520

D. 622

C. Al-Fazari

D. Caliph Al-Mamun

293. Who is called ‘The Father of Arabic Alchemy’? A. Abu Ali Hasan

B. Jabir Ibn Hayyan

Answer:

B. Jabir Ibn Hayyan

294. Who founded an astronomical observatory at Baghdad? A. Caliph al-Mansur

B. Caliph al-Mamun

Answer:

B. Caliph al-Mamun

C. Al-Fazare

D. Alhazen

295. Roger Bacon’s work ‘Opus Majus’ is a general compendium of …………. A. Scientific ideas and knowledge of the period

B. Medical treatises

C. Political treatises

D. Monastic orders

Answer: A. Scientific ideas and knowledge of the period 296. Leonardo da Vinci’s ………. Anatomical drawings put him in the front rank of the anatomists of the world. A. 100

B. 260

Answer:

D. 750

C. 1000

D. 750

297. Copernicus considered …….. at the centre with all other planets revolving around it. A. Earth

B. Sun

Answer:

B. Sun

C. Stars

D. Moon

298. Who prepared the Rudolphian Tables which appeared in 1627? A. Johannes Kepler

B. Michael Martlin

C. Tycho Brahe

D. Rheticus

Answer: A. Johannes Kepler 299. Who said that there was no centre for the universe, since it is infinite? A. Galileo Galelei

B. Bishop Oresme

C. Giordano Bruno

113

D. Cardinal Nicholas

Answer:

C. Giordano Bruno

300. Who was the first person to use telescope to view the sky? A. Giordano Bruno

B. Johannas Kepler

Answer:

C. Galileo Galelei

C. Galileo Galelei

D. King Frederic II

C. King

D. Common men

301. The word ‘po – lo – men’ means ……….. A. Brahmin

B. Soldier

Answer: A. Brahmin 302. Who uttered the immortal saying ‘cogito ergo sum’ (I think, therefore, I am) A. Alexander the Great

B. Descartes

Answer:

B. Descartes

C. Francis Bacon

114

D. Christian Huygens

Political Science Multiple Choice Questions 1. The German Ideology was written by A. Lenin

B. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

C. Karl Marx

D.

Friedrich Engels Answer: B 2. Positive Liberty is advocated by A. J.S. Mill

B. Isaiah Berlin

C. Locke

D. T.H. Green

Answer: D 3. In Marxist thought the concept of hegemony is associated with A. Gramsci

B. Marx

C. Mao

D. Lenin

Answer: A 4. What is a negative liberty A. Freedom to choose

B. Absence of external hindrances

constraints of law

D. Freedom to pursue one’s own good

C. Absence of

Answer: B 5. Who wrote the book ‘Social Contract’ A. Thomas Hobbes

B. J.J. Rousseau

C. John Locke

D. J.S. Mill

Answer: B 6. Who was the author of the book ‘The Economic History of India’ A. R.P. Dutt

B. Romesh Chandra Dutt C. Dadabhai Nauroji

D. Justice M.D.

Ranade Answer: B 7. ‘It is the people organised for law within a definite territory’ is State. Who said this A. Woodrow Wilson

B. MacIver

C. Laski

D. Hall

Answer: A 8. The Marxian “withering away” of the state means that A. the state is abolished completely

B. the state disappears all of a sudden

the state disappears slowly

D. none of the above

Answer: C

115

C.

9. Who has described politics as “acting in concert” A. Aristotle

B. Karl Marx

C. Plato

D. Hannah Arendt

Answer: D 10. The term “Historicism” was made popular by A. Sabine

B. Foster

C. Oakeshott

D. Popper

Answer: D 11. Who is known as the father of Political Science A. Karl Marx

B. Aristotle

C. Austin

D. Plato

Answer: B 12. Who called Political science as the Master Science A. Cicero

B. Hobbes

C. Aristotle

D. Socrates

C. Plato

D. Cicero

B. Peoples democracy

C. Limited democracy

Answer: C 13. Who wrote the book “Republic” A. Bodin

B. Locke

Answer: C 14. The modern democracy is also known as A. Representative democracy D. Direct democracy Answer: A 15. Who defined democracy as “Government of the people, by the people, for the people” A. Mahatma Gandhi

B. Abraham Lincoln

C. Woodrow

D. Harold Laski

Answer: B 16. Who commented that “Will not force is the basis of the state” A. T.H. Green

B. Harold J. Laski

C. Hegel

D. Maclver

Answer: A 17. Political theory is not related to A. Conceptual clarification of ideas

B. Providing models of behaviour

Rationalization of political propaganda

D. Exploration of political ideologies

Answer: C

116

C.

18. Who has described Natural Rights as “Nonsense upon stilts” A. Burke

B. Bentham

C. Thomas Paine

D. Hume

Answer: B 19. Who has described Natural Rights as “Nonsense upon stilts” A. Burke

B. Bentham

C. Thomas Paine

D. Hume

Answer: B 20. Who among the following defined freedom as “the absence of opposition” A. John Locke

B. Rousseau

C. Thomas Hobbes

D. J. S. Mill

Answer: C 21. Among the following, who supports the idea of “Forced Freedom” A. John Locke

B. Rousseau

C. Thomas Hobbes

D. Machiavelli

Answer: B 22. Among the following what is not in conformity with the Principle of Equality A. Protective discrimination

B. Special reward for special ability C.

Affirmative action of state

D. Homogeneity

Answer: D 23. John Rawls’s theory of Justice is not related to A. Pure Procedural Justice

B. Veil of Ignorance

C. Equal liberty

D.

Entitlement theory Answer: D 24. What is not in conformity with sustainable development A. Organic farming

B. Environmentalism

C. Infinite Development D. Gandhism

Answer: C 25. Who called the Constituent Assembly of India as “Nation on move” A. Jawaharlal Nehru

B. KM Munshi

C. BR Ambedkar

D. Rajendra Prasad

Answer: A 26. The Fundamental Right to Freedom in Indian Constitution literally do not include A. Freedom of Speech

B. Freedom of Occupation

Conscience

D. Right to Education

Answer: C Freedom of Conscience

117

C. Freedom of

27. Which of the following is not a feature of Traditional political theory A. Study of “great issues” B. Exploring the “ideal state” behaviour

C. Exploring human

D. Philosophical orientation

Answer: C Exploring human behaviour 28. Which state is related to “Social Darwinism” A. Welfare state

B. Fascist state

C. Socialist state

D. Post colonial state

Answer: B Fascist state 29. Which state is related to “Social Darwinism” A. Keynesianism

B. New Deal

C. Social Liberals

D. Invisible Hand

Answer: D Invisible Hand 30. Who among the following is not a pluralist thinker A. Bodin

B. Figgis

C. Laski

D. Lindse

Answer: A Bodin 31. Which model of pressure group politics emphasises on dispersal of power and democratic accountability A. Corporatism

B. New Right

C. Pluralism

D. New Left

B. Lenin

C. Trotsky

D. Marx

B. Russian Proletarians

C. German Nazis

D. Dutch Physicists

Answer: C Pluralism 32. Permanent Revolution was propounded by A. Engels Answer: C Trotsky 33. “Physiocrats” were: A. French Economists

Answer: A French Economists 34. Who among the following defines the Constitution as “The Autobiography of a Power Relationship” A. Lord Bryce

B. Marriot

C. Schwarzen Berger

D. H. E. Finar

Answer: D H. E. Finar 35. Who among the following advocated the ‘Relative Autonomy’ of the Capitalist State A. Karl Marx

B. Nicos Poulantzas

C. V.I. Lenin

Answer: B Nicos Poulantzas

118

D. Leon Trosky

36. Who among the following advocated the theory of Natural Rights A. Hobbes

B. Locke

C. Rousseau

D. Machiavelli

Answer: B Locke 37. Who said that “State is the March of God on earth” A. Kant

B. Augustine

C. Karl Marx

D. Hegel

Answer: D Hegel 38. Who takes ‘primary goods’ as the yardstic for equality A. Dworkin

B. Laski

C. Rawls

D. Friedman

Answer: C Rawls 39. Whose concept of Justice was based on functional specialisation A. Plato

B. Aristotle

C. Rawls

D. Bentham

Answer: A Plato 40. The theory of Separation of Power is propounded by A. Montesquieu

B. Rousseau

C. Maitland

D. Plato

Answer: A Montesquieu 41. Who said “Family is the First School of Social Life” A. Plato

B. Aristotle

C. Bodin

D. Sophists

Answer: B Aristotle 42. Materialistic interpretation of history was analyzed by A. Hegal

B. T H Green

C. Kant

D. Marx

Answer: D Marx 43. Who among the following is considered as the modern political thinker A. Socrates

B. Sophists

C. Machiavelli

D. Plato

Answer: C Machiavelli 44. Who among the following is associated with the revival of Political Theory A. David Easton

B. Lucian Pai

C. Sydney Verba

D. Voegelin

Answer: D Voegelin 45. Which of the following is an example of unwritten constitution A. England

B. France

C. Japan

Answer: D Saudi Arabia

119

D. Saudi Arabia

46. The central feature of Immanuel Wallerstein’s work is A. Development of underdevelopment theory

B. Nation State

C. World System

D. Conflict Resolution

Answer: C World System theory 47. Who philosophized about the ideal State in his work, Utopia A. Locke

B. Hobbes

C. Hegel

D. Sir Thomas More

Answer: D Sir Thomas More 48. “Political party is an organized body with voluntary membership.” Who said this A. Finer

B. G. C. Field

C. Maclver

D. Sord

Answer: A Finer 49. The idea of “partyless democracy” was projected by A. Mahatma Gandhi

B. Jaiprakash Narayan

C. Mao Tse-tung

D. Suharto

Answer: B Jaiprakash Narayan 50. Who said that Civil Service is a “professional body of officials, permanent, paid and skilled” A. Ogg

B. Finer

C. Gladden

D. Max Weber

Answer: B Finer 51. The Marxist theory of development is primarily based on A. dictatorship of the proletariat surplus value

B. withering away of the state C. the theory of

D. the means of production

Answer: C the theory of surplus value 52. How many principles are connected with the term “POSDCORB” which coined by Gulick and Urwick A. Five

B. Six

C. Seven

D. Eight

Answer: C Seven 53. The study of political system of a country at one time, in all its contents, is known as A. Configuration approach approach

B. Comparative approach C. Behavioural

D. Structural approach

Answer: B Comparative approach 54. The entitlement theory of property has been propounded by A. John Locke

B. John Rawls

C. Nozick 120

D. Rousseau

Answer: C Nozick 55. The three most prominent exponents of social contract theory are A. Austin, Bodin and Hobbes Laski and Rousseau

B. Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau

C. Maclver,

D. J. S. Mill, Adam Smith and Locke

Answer: B Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau 56. Who said this “over himself over his own body and mind the individual is sovereign” A. Hobbes

B. Laski

C. Mill

D. Bentham

C. France

D. England

Answer: C Mill 57. Fabianism made its appearance in A. Germany

B. Belgium

Answer: D England 58. “Socialism is like a hat, which has lost its shape, beacuse everyone wears it.” Who said this A. C. E. M. Joad

B. Herbert Spencer

C. Mill

D. Garner

Answer: A C. E. M. Joad 59. The concept of political sovereignty is associated with A. Plato

B. Locke

C. Rousseau

D. Austin

Answer: C Rousseau 60. Who enunciated the theory of “socialism in one country” A. Marx

B. Lenin

C. Stalin

D. Mao

Answer: C Stalin 61. Who has identified State as a ‘Community of Communities’ A. Plato

B. Aristotle

C. Kautilya

D. Hobbes

C. Sovereignty

D. Government

Answer: B Aristotle 62. The most important element of the state is A. Population

B. Territory

Answer: C Sovereignty 63. “It would be the lasting benefit to Political Science if the whole concept of sovereignty is surrendered.” Who said A. Laski

B. Gettle

C. Gilchrist

Answer: A Laski 121

D. Plato

64. “State is an association of associations.” Who said A. Aristotle

B. Hobbes

C. Locke

D. Laski

Answer: D Laski 65. Who is the author of the book “Modern Democracies” A. Dicey

B. Lord Bryce

C. Lawell

D. Seeley

Answer: B Lord Bryce 66. Who said’ “Democracy is a perverted form of Government” A. Plato

B. Gettle

C. Aristotle

D. Bodin

Answer: C Aristotle 67. The basic feature of a unitary system is A. Centralization of powers citizenship

B. Decentralization of powers

C. Duel

D. Unstability

Answer: A Centralization of powers 68. Who propounded the communism theory of wives and property A. Marx

B. Aristotle

C. Locke

D. Plato

C. Lewin

D. Pavlov

Answer: D Plato 69. Who founded the field theory of learning A. Kohler

B. Hull

Answer: C Lewin 70. The first person who used the word sovereignty A. Aristotle

B. Machiavelli

C. Jean Bodin

D. Austin

Answer: A Aristotle 71. “Will, not force is the basis of state.” This statement is given by A. T. H. Green

B. Karl Marx

C. Machiavelli

D. Hobbes

C. Marx

D. Bentham

Answer: A T. H. Green 72. Who is known as the first political scientist A. Plato

B. Aristotle

Answer: B Aristotle 73. In which book of the karl Marx, the statement “Religion is the opium of the people” is mentioned

122

A. Theses of Feuerbach B. The German Ideology C. Proverty of Philosophy

D. A Contribution

to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right Answer: D A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right 74. Who has propounded the concept of “Organic Intellectual” A. Antonio Gramsci

B. Robert Nozick

C. Karl Marx

D. Mao Tse Tung

Answer: A Antonio Gramsci 75. Who define Civil Service as “Professional body of officials, permanent, paid and skilled” A. Woodrow Wilson

B. Gabriel Almond

C. Herman Finer

D. Mao Tse Tung

Answer: C Herman Finer 76. In which form of government, bicameralism is an essential feature A. Presidential

B. Parliamentary

C. Federal

D. Unitary

Answer: C Federal 77. Which one of the following is a feature of Presidential System A. Separation of powers B. Biparty system

C. Supremacy of Parliament D. Collective

responsibility Answer: A Separation of powers 78. “Filibuster” is related to A. A long speech in Parliament to delay a vote

B. Opposition leader’s speech

C. Prime

Minister’s vote of thanks D. Speaker’s power to stop a member Answer: A A long speech in Parliament to delay a vote 79. Who gave the concept of “Iron Law of Oligarchy” A. Vilfred Pareto

B. Robert Michels

C. Karl Deutsch

D. Coleman

Answer: B Robert Michels 80. Who propounded “Communication Theory” A. Neumann

B. R.C. Snyder

C. Norbert Weiner

D. Robert Tucker

Answer: C Norbert Weiner 81. Which is not an “intellectual foundation stone” of Behaviorism according to David Easton A. Regularities

B. Power

C. Verification

Answer: B Power

123

D. Techniques

82. The main characteristic of the traditional approach of Political Science was A. The Value Free Study B. Institutional Study

C. Comparative Study

D. Emphasis on

Scientific Methodology Answer: B Institutional Study 83. Who is the writer of the book “Grammar of Politics” A. John Locke

B. Robert Michels

C. C. Wright Mills

D. Harold J. Laski

C. Aristotle

D. Plato

Answer: D Harold J. Laski 84. Who said “State is individual’s writ large” A. Socrates

B. Cicero

Answer: D Plato 85. John S. Mill’s idea of Liberty was A. Positive

B. Negative

C. Both negative and positive D. Neither

negative and positive Answer: B Negative 86. The idea that State is “to hinder the hindrances” belongs to A. T.H. Green

B. J.S. Mill

C. Karl Marx

D. Hegel

C. Hobbes

D. T.H. Green

Answer: A T.H. Green 87. Idea of Popular Sovereignty belongs to A. Rousseau

B. John Locke

Answer: A Rousseau 88. Who said “Family is the only natural society” A. Aristotle

B. Bosanquet

C. T.H. Green

D. Rousseau

C. Laski

D. T.H. Green

C. Bakunin

D. Thoereau

C. Garner

D. Leacock

Answer: D Rousseau 89. Who is not associated with Idealism A. Kant

B. Hegel

Answer: C Laski 90. Who is not related to Anarchism A. T.H. Green

B. Proudhon

Answer: A T.H. Green 91. “Rule of Law” concept was propounded by A. Dicey

B. Lasswell

124

Answer: A Dicey 92. “Imperialism is the last stage of capitalism” Who said this A. Karl Marx

B. Mao-Tse-Tung

C. Lenin

D. Stalin

C. Ethical Rights

D. Legal Rights

Answer: C Lenin 93. Bentham was supporter of A. Natural Rights

B. Historical Rights

Answer: D Legal Rights 94. Which contractualist thinker created both state and society by contract A. Hobbes

B. Locke

C. Rousseau

D. Rawls

Answer: B Locke 95. Who was the first thinker to enunciate the “Concept of Sovereignty” A. Machiavelli

B. Bodin

C. Hobbes

D. Austin

Answer: B Bodin 96. “Liber” giving the sense of liberty is originated from which language A. Latin

B. Greek

C. Spanish

D. English

Answer: A Latin 97. Who introduced “hegemony” in the concept of civil society A. Marcuse

B. Habermas

C. Althuser

D. Gramsci

Answer: D Gramsci 98. Who described democracy as the tyranny of the majority A. Michels

B. Laski

C. Aristotle

D. De Toqueville

Answer: D De Toqueville 99. Which Philosopher fixed that population of 5040 for Ideal State A. Aristotle

B. Plato

C. Socrates

D. Polibius

C. Joseph E. Stieglitz

D. Kenneth Waltz

Answer: B Plato 100. The thesis “End of History” belongs to A. Samuel P. Huntington B. Francis Fukuyama Answer: B Francis Fukuyama 101. Who gave the “Realist Theory” in International Relations A. David Easton

B. Harold Lasswell

C. Hans J. Morgenthau

Answer: C Hans J. Morgenthau 125

D. James Rosenau

102. Who is considered as the father of Neorealism A. Stanley Hoffmann

B. Morton Kaplan

C. Kenneth Waltz

D. Joseph Nye

Answer: C Kenneth Waltz 103. The concept of “non governing elites” was explained by A. R Putnam

B. G Mosca

C. V Pareto

D. Robert Michels

Answer: C V Pareto 104. The central fact of Group theory is the political activity in terms of A. Group cooperation

B. Group struggles

C. Group competition

D. Group

coordination Answer: B Group struggles 105. Who labelled policy analysis as “thinking man’s response to demands” A. Y Dror

B. Thomas Dye

C. H Lasswell

D. William Dunn

Answer: B Thomas Dye 106. In general, the central idea in policy science is that it entails a A. Theory of choice

B. Practice of action

C. Proposition of program

D. Invitation of

idea Answer: A Theory of choice 107. Who observed Political parties as a feature of “modern and modernizing societies” A. Jawaharlal Nehru

B. Rajni Kothari

C. K Srinivasulu

D. Myron Weiner

Answer: D Myron Weiner 108. Which one of the following is not a major theme of new public administration A. Relevance

B. Change

C. Neutrality

D. Values

Answer: C Neutrality 109. The primary focus of comparative politics is on the comparison of A. Institutional practices B. Political processes

C. Cultural practices

D. Legal practices

Answer: A Institutional practices 110. According to Robert A.Dahl, Measurement of power is not dependent on A. Base of Power

B. Means of Power

C. Scope of Power

D. Stability of Power

Answer: D Stability of Power 111. Which of the following is not a major determinant of Political Development A. Equality

B. Justice

C. Capacity

with specialization Answer: B Justice 126

D. Differentiation

112. “Equilibrium perspective” in Political – Communication Functions is pioneered by A. Karl W deutsch

B. Norbert Weiner

C. Gabriel A. Almond

D. Jean Blondel

Answer: C Gabriel A. Almond 113. Democracy is defined as “the rule of the people expressing their sovereign will through the votes”, by: A. A.V. Dicey

B. John Seeley

C. James Bryce

D. A.L. Lowell

Answer: C James Bryce 114. According to John Rawls, justice is the first virtue of a A. Just society

B. Good society

C. Legal society

D. Moral society

C. J Bentham

D. Voltaire

Answer: B Good society 115. Theory of moral rights was enunciated by A. Tom Paine

B. T.H Green

Answer: B T.H Green 116. In Marxism, historical materialism represents it’s A. Philosophical basis

B. Ideological basis

C. Economic basis

D. Scientific basis

C. T.H. Green

D. I. Berlin

Answer: D Scientific basis 117. Who said “I think, therefore i am” A. John Locke

B. Descartes

Answer: B Descartes 118. In Marxian view, origin of the state is A. An evolutionary phenomenon historical phenomenon

B. A revolutionary phenomenon

C. A

D. An economical phenomenon

Answer: C A historical phenomenon 119. According to Bodin, the limits to sovereign authority are A. Customary laws

B. Constitutional laws

C. Municipal laws

D. Legislative acts

Answer: A Customary laws 120. Which one is the third and important organ of a Government A. Legislature

B. Executive

C. Judiciary

Answer: C Judiciary

127

D. Media

Political Thought – Western Traditions Multiple Choice Questions 1. Socrates was a Greek ______ A. philosopher

B. singer

C. composer

D. poet

C. aristophanes

D. none of these

C. homer

D. none of these

C. lamprocles

D. zenexenus

Answer: A. philosopher 2. Who is the student of Socrates? A. aristotle

B. plato

Answer: B. plato 3. Who is the contemporary of Socrates? A. aristophanes

B. aristotle

Answer: A. aristophanes 4. According to Plato, Socratesfather was: A. sophroniscus

B. aristophanes

Answer: A. sophroniscus 5. Socrates says that “all that the soul endures, if directed by _______ ends happiness.” A. virtue

B. wisdom

C. prophets

D. truth

C. soldiers

D. constitution

Answer: B. wisdom 6. In Plato’s state the government is run by : A. workers

B. philosophers

Answer: B. philosophers 7. According to the Philosophy of Plato, the fundamental character of philosopher is A. courage

B. wisdom

C. appetite

D. none of the above

Answer: B. wisdom 8. “True knowledge exists in knowing that you know nothing” said by A. socrates

B. aristotle

C. homer

D. plato

Answer: A. socrates 9. Socrates was awarded punishment: A. death

B. fine

C. banishment from athens D. imprisonment

for 3 years

Answer: A. death

128

10. According to Socrates, the soul is: A. infinitely large

B. inherently virtuous

C. corruptible

D. immortal

C. political skill

D. gift of the gods

Answer: D. immortal 11. According to Socrates, learning is a kind of: A. recollection

B. virtue

Answer: A. recollection 12. Who was the founder of Western philosophy? A. socrates

B. aristotle

C. plato

D. none of these

Answer: A. socrates 13. Socrates has become renowned for his contribution to the field of: A. ethics

B. economics

C. chemistry

D. none of these

Answer: A. ethics 14. Who said, “Virtue – all virtue – is knowledge”? A. socrates

B. xenophon

C. plato

D. aristotle

Answer: A. socrates 15. Who said, “Virtue is sufficient for happiness”? A. plato

B. socrates

C. xenophon

D. aristotle

Answer: D. aristotle 16. Plato is the author of: A. republic

B. social contract

C. history of political thought D. none of these

Answer: A. republic 17. The idea that “Virtue is knowledge” is attributed to: A. aristotle

B. plato

C. montesquieu

D. socrates

Answer: D. socrates 18. ’.Political Science begins and ends with the state’ is said by: A. aristotle

B. professor garner

C. paul janet

D. none of these

Answer: B. professor garner 19. According to Plato ,the following are the three elements in man: A. reason, justice , equality

B. reason, spirit , appetite C. justice, liberty ,

equality 129

Answer: B. reason, spirit , appetite 20. ‘The Great but ungrateful pupil of his Master who was born in 384 BC was: A. socrates

B. aristotle

C. cicero

D. none of these

C. plato

D. none of these

Answer: B. aristotle 21. The author of the book ‘Statesman’ is: A. aristotle

B. machiavelli

Answer: C. plato 22. In Plato’s Ideal State, one reaches at the pinnacle of the State order at the age of: A. 3

B. 40

C. 50

D. none of these

C. 387 b.c.

D. 315 b.c.

C. 335 b.c.

D. 315 b.c.

Answer: C. 50 23. Plato found the Academy in: A. 385 b.c.

B. 381 b.c.

Answer: A. 385 b.c. 24. Aristotle found his own school in: A. 225 b.c

B. 415 b.c.

Answer: C. 335 b.c. 25. Aristotle found his own school which was known as A. the lyceum

B. academy

C. institution

D. leader

Answer: A. the lyceum 26. According to Aristotle which is the bad government of the rich: A. tyranny

B. oligarchy

C. democracy

D. none of these

Answer: B. oligarchy 27. Who is regarded as the father of political science? A. plato

B. machiavelli

C. aristotle

D. karl marx

C. ethical

D. none of these

Answer: C. aristotle 28. According to Aristotle the end of State is:A. logical

B. legal

Answer: C. ethical 29. Who regards democracy as a perverted form of government? A. js mill

B. aristotle

C. th green 130

D. bentham

Answer: B. aristotle 30. Plato’s system of communism s meant only for A. soldiers and workers B. philosophers and soldiers soldiers and workers

C. philosophers,

D. philosophers and workers

Answer: B. philosophers and soldiers 31. Who defined justice as “treating equals equally and unequalsunequally”? A. js mill

B. aristotle

C. th green

D. bentham

C. plato

D. kant

C. hegel

D. engels

Answer: B. aristotle 32. Who identified democracy with mobocracy? A. socrates

B. aristotle

Answer: B. aristotle 33. The book ‘ Politics’ is written by A. plato

B. aristotle

Answer: B. aristotle 34. The doctrine of proportional equality was propounded by A. socrates

B. aristotle

C. plato

D. kant

Answer: B. aristotle 35. The principle of distributive justice was first propounded by A. aristotle

B. plato

C. kant

D. bentham

Answer: A. aristotle 36. ……………believed the natural organism of the state. A. aristotle

B. plato

C. kant

D. bentham

Answer: A. aristotle 37. According to Aristotle,,,,,,,………is the best form of government. A. monarchy

B. oligarchy

C. polity

D. aristocracy

Answer: C. polity 38. The term, “anarchism” has been derived from the word ‘anarchia’ which is basically a: A. greek word

B. latin word

C. french word

Answer: B. latin word

131

D. none of these

39. A Discourse on the origin of Inequality and Social Contract was presented by: A. hobbes

B. locke

C. rousseau

D. none of these

C. locke

D. none of these

Answer: C. rousseau 40. The General Will is the political concept of: A. j. j. rousseau

B. hobbes

Answer: A. j. j. rousseau 41. Rousseau’s political philosophy furnished basis for: A. political sovereignty

B. limited sovereignty

C. popular sovereignty

D. absolute

C. 26th june 1713

D. 28th june 1714

C. ermenonville, france

D. none of these

Answer: C. popular sovereignty 42. Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born on: A. 28th june 1711

B. 28th june 1712

Answer: B. 28th june 1712 43. Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born in: A. london, britain

B. geneva, switzerland

Answer: B. geneva, switzerland 44. How does Rousseau describe man in his primal natural state? A. a noble savage

B. solitary, nasty and brutish

C. a blank state

totally corrupted

Answer: A. a noble savage 45. What was Rousseau’s remedy for the corruption and slavery of civilized society? A. a new social contract B. democratic reforms

C. revolution

D. socialism

C. rousseau

D. bentham

Answer: A. a new social contract 46. ‘Social Contract’ is a book written by A. hobbes

B. locke

Answer: C. rousseau 47. Who among the following thinkers distinguished between “Real will” and “Actual will” A. rousseau

B. green

C. kant

D. locke

Answer: A. rousseau 48. Who argues that sovereignty can never be alienated, divided or represented? A. hegel

B. locke

C. rousseau 132

D. bentham

D.

Answer: C. rousseau 49. “A thinking man is a deprived animal” Who said? A. hobbes

B. locke

C. rousseau

D. bentham

Answer: C. rousseau 50. The concept of forced freedom was first enunciated by A. hobbes

B. locke

C. rousseau

D. th green

Answer: C. rousseau 51. The theory of social contract primarily seeks A. to explore the historical origin of the state to justify the status quo

B. to explain the basis of political obligation C.

D. to bring out a radical transformation of society by revolution

Answer: B. to explain the basis of political obligation 52. General will is the sum total of A. real will

B. actual will

C. strong will

D. supreme will

C. fear

D. completion (e)

C. locke

D. none of these

Answer: A. real will 53. Hobbesian social contract is based on: A. desire for peace

B. selfishness

none of these.

Answer: A. desire for peace 54. ‘Leviathan’ is written by: A. thomas hobbes

B. hegel

Answer: A. thomas hobbes 55. What is the original source for the name “Leviathan”? A. hobbes\s leviathan

B. the of job

C. john milton\s paradise lost

D.

homer\s iliad

Answer: B. the of job 56. Who attempted to justify English revolution of 1688? A. hegel

B. locke

C. rousseau

D. bentham

Answer: B. locke 57. “An essay concerning Human Understanding” is written by: A. thomas hobbes

B. john locke

C. j. j. rousseau 133

D. none of these

Answer: B. john locke 58. “Justice is giving everyone his due” is said by: A. rousseau

B. hobbes

C. aristotle

D. none of these

C. unavoidable evil

D. legal necessity (e)

Answer: D. none of these 59. Locke laid down that state is: A. an end in itself

B. means to an end

none of

Answer: C. unavoidable evil 60. According to John Locke, the best form of Government is: A. monarchy

B. aristocracy

C. democracy

D. none of these

Answer: C. democracy 61. In describing the ‘State of nature’ the concept of ‘the veil of ignorance was introduced by A. hobbes

B. locke

C. rousseau

D. rawls

Answer: B. locke 62. The view that property is natural rights of man is associated with A. aristotle

B. st augustine

C. locke

D. hegel

Answer: C. locke 63. Who said “Where there is no law, there is no freedom?” A. karl marx

B. locke

C. herbert spencer

D. adam smith

Answer: B. locke 64. According to Hobbes and Locke Right to life liberty and property are given by A. state

B. nature

C. society

D. association

Answer: B. nature 65. The rule of law means A. law is supreme

B. the president is supreme

supreme

D. none of these

C. parliament is

Answer: B. the president is supreme 66. The statement “where there is no law,there is no freedom” refers to A. liberty and equality

B. justice and equality

C. rights and justice

Answer: D. law and liberty 134

D. law and liberty

67. Doctrine of ….. presents a reconciliation of St Augustine and Aristotle. A. st thomas aquinas

B. nicholo machiavelli

C. bentham

D. hegel

C. nicholo machiavelli

D. st thomas aquinas

Answer: A. st thomas aquinas 68. Suma Theologica is a famous work by………… A. plato

B. aristotle

Answer: D. st thomas aquinas 69. ‘De-Regmine Pricipium’ is written by…………… A. st thomas aquinas

B. nicholo machiavelli

C. bentham

D. hegel

Answer: A. st thomas aquinas 70. Aquinas favoured …………..is the best form of government for several reasons. A. limited monarchy

B. aristocracy

C. democracy

D. oligarchy

Answer: A. limited monarchy 71. ……….according to Aquinas has authority to ex- communicate the ruler A. church

B. state

C. civil society

D. courts

Answer: A. church 72. Four fold classification of laws was given by………….. A. st thomas aquinas

B. nicholo machiavelli

C. bentham

D. hegel

Answer: A. st thomas aquinas 73. By…………… Aquinas meant substantially revelation A. human law

B. divine law

C. eternal law

D. natural law

Answer: B. divine law 74. With ……….. began modern political philosophy. A. aquinas

B. bentham

C. mill

D. machiavelli

C. lenin

D. engels

Answer: D. machiavelli 75. The work ‘Discourse’ is by A. machiavelli

B. marx

Answer: A. machiavelli 76. Who learned the idea of separation of ethics and politics from Aristotle A. aquinas

B. marx

C. machiavelli

135

D. engels

Answer: C. machiavelli 77. Machiavelli followed………… method in his political philosophy. A. legal

B. historical

C. institutional

D. cultural

Answer: B. historical 78. According to …………..man is always termed as creature of habits A. aquinas

B. marx

C. machiavelli

D. engels

Answer: C. machiavelli 79. Who was the first political thinker who brought the concept of state in political science A. machiavelli

B. st thomas aquinas

C. engels

D. hitler

C. plato

D. j. s. mill (e) none of

C. j.s. mill

D. james mill

Answer: A. machiavelli 80. ‘Felicific Calculus’ was the contribution of: A. bentham

B. aristotle

these.

Answer: A. bentham 81. Founder of utilitarian school of thought was: A. edmund burk

B. jeremy bentham

Answer: B. jeremy bentham 82. He is known as the founding father of Utilitarianism: A. james mill

B. jeremy bentham

C. c. wright mills

D. none of these

C. thomas hobbes

D. none of these

Answer: B. jeremy bentham 83. “Traits –de- legislation” is a book written by A. j s mill

B. bentham

Answer: B. bentham 84. Greatest happiness of the greatest number is the contribution of ……………….. A. mill

B. green

C. bentham

D. kant

C. bentham

D. rousseau

Answer: C. bentham 85. ’.Liberty is nothing to do with utility’ says……. A. mill

B. green

Answer: C. bentham

136

86. Human beings are governors of two masters , pleasure and pain. A. hegel

B. marx

C. bentham

D. green

Answer: C. bentham 87. Fragments of Government is written by ……………. A. st thomas aquinas

B. nicholo machiavelli

C. aristotle

D. jeremy bentham

C. theory of education

D. all of the above

Answer: D. jeremy bentham 88. Plato’s ‘Republic’ contains his ideas about A. justice

B. theory of state

Answer: D. all of the above 89. Bentham supported the theory of ………………… A. natural rights

B. historical rights

C. legal rights

D. ethical rights

Answer: C. legal rights 90. Which one of the following is the essential pre requisite of constitutionalism A. a limited government B. written constitution

C. guarantee of fundamental rights

Answer: A. a limited government 91. The book ___________ is written by J.S.Mill. A. on liberty

B. two cities

C. city of joy

D. city lights

Answer: A. on liberty 92. Principles of Political Economy is a work by …………………… A. hegel

B. marx

C. j s mill

D. lenin

Answer: C. j s mill 93. Subjection of Women is a work by……………………. A. hegel

B. marx

C. j s mill

D. lenin

Answer: C. j s mill 94. ……………….is the champion of individualism and liberty A. j s mill

B. plato

C. aristotle

D. locke

Answer: A. j s mill 95. Over himself , over his own body and mind the individual is sovereign.” A. hobbes

B. green

C. j s mill

137

D. engels

Answer: C. j s mill 96. ……………… stood for qualitative pleasure. A. hobbes

B. kant

C. j s mill

D. marx

Answer: C. j s mill 97. “Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789)” Was written by: A. jeremy bentham

B. j.s. mill

C. john locke

D. none of these

Answer: B. j.s. mill 98. ……………favoured the idea of plurality of votes A. th green

B. karl marx

C. js mill

D. jeremy bentham

Answer: C. js mill 99. According to JS Mill,………………….is not an ideal form of government . A. polity

B. oligarchy

C. democracy

D. aristocracy

Answer: C. democracy 100. The positive theory of liberty was advocated by A. mill

B. green

C. hegel

D. marx

C. utilitarian

D. realist

Answer: A. mill 101. T H Green is …………………. A. an idealist

B. an anarchist

Answer: A. an idealist 102. According to…………., State is the source of all rights. A. t h green

B. bentham

C. locke

D. chomsky

Answer: A. t h green 103. According to Aquina’s, which one of the following is” the mind of god” A. natural law

B. eternal law

C. divine law

D. human law

Answer: B. eternal law 104. “Man is a moral being and tries to seek moral perfection “says……… A. kant

B. mill

C. marx

D. t h green

Answer: D. t h green 105. The philosophical concepts of Marxism are in part derived from A. hegel

B. locke

C. rousseau 138

D. bentham

Answer: A. hegel 106. ’Phenomenology’ of mind is a work by…………… A. hegel

B. green

C. marx

D. hegel

Answer: A. hegel 107. Encyclopaedia of the Philosophical Sciences is a work by………………. A. marx

B. engels

C. kant

D. hegel

Answer: D. hegel 108. The positive theory of liberty was advocated by A. js mill

B. aristotle

C. th green

D. plato

Answer: C. th green 109. Philosophy of Right (1831) is a work by …………….. A. marx

B. engels

C. lenin

D. hegel

Answer: D. hegel 110. According to ………. , state is divine origin and the essence of state is freedom. A. lenin

B. marx

C. engels

D. hegel

Answer: D. hegel 111. To ……………State is the march of god on earth. A. lenin

B. marx

C. engels

D. hegel

Answer: D. hegel 112. According to ………..’dialectic explain the logic of history’ A. kant

B. rousseau

C. engels

D. hegel

Answer: D. hegel 113. Who was the founder of Hegelianism and Historicism? A. george wilhelm friedrich hegel

B. h. jackson

C. immanuel kant D.

horn, david

Answer: A. george wilhelm friedrich hegel 114. Who was the creator of German Idealism? A. immanuel kant

B. george wilhelm friedrich hegel

rousseau

D. none

139

C. jeans jacques

Answer: B. george wilhelm friedrich hegel 115. The Elements of the Philosophy of Right, his political philosophy was published in: A. 1820

B. 1825

C. 1830

D. 1834

Answer: A. 1820 116. Karl ,Marx and F. Engels Co- authored A. das capital

B. the poverty of philosophy

C. theprince

german ideology

Answer: A. das capital 117. Who argued that democracy and capitalism cannot go together? A. marxists

B. anarchists

C. socialists

D. idealists

C. all property

D. public property

Answer: A. marxists 118. Marx was in favour of abolishing A. private property

B. general property

Answer: A. private property 119. “The state is a machine maintaining the rule of one class over the other” This was said by A. karl marx

B. lenin

C. engels

D. hitler

Answer: C. engels 120. Who has been generally associated with the introduction of the doctrine of Socialism A. karl marx

B. lenin

C. engels

D. hitler

Answer: A. karl marx 121. In marx’s metaphor , base –super structural base refers to A. forces of production and relations of production B. social and legal institutions C. relations of production

D. class struggle

Answer: A. forces of production and relations of production 122. ……………. is the famous book written by Karl max A. prince

B. das capital

C. on liberty

D. republic

Answer: B. das capital 123. Dictatorship of the Proletariat is one of the concepts of: A. karl marx

B. max weber

C. maozedong

D. none of these

C. mao

D. none of these

Answer: A. karl marx 124. Author of the book ‘Capital’ is”: A. karl marx

B. lenin

140

D.

Answer: A. karl marx 125. The concept of ‘Surplus Value’ is given by: A. mao

B. lenin

C. marx

D. none of these

Answer: C. marx 126. The slogan”Land bread and peace” is associated with A. french revolution

B. russian revolution

C. american revolution

D. glorious revolution

Answer: B. russian revolution 127. The Marxian theory of Surplus Value is largely derived of the theory of A. adam smith

B. ricardo

C. malthus

D. john stuart mill

Answer: B. ricardo 128. Who wrote the Communist Manifesto with Marx? A. vladimir lenin

B. joseph stalin

C. friedrich engels

D. none of these

C. bonn, germany

D. none of these

Answer: C. friedrich engels 129. Where was Karl Marx born? A. trier,germany

B. berlin, germany

Answer: A. trier,germany 130. …………used to characterise state as an engine of despotism’ A. lenin

B. hegel

C. marx

D. engels

C. lenin

D. none of these

Answer: D. engels 131. The Bolshevik movement in Russia was led by: A. stalin

B. trotsky

Answer: C. lenin 132. According to Lenin the ………….tries to crush the working class. A. capitalists

B. government

C. liberals

D. socialists

Answer: B. government 133. …………..laid much more stress on revolutionary side of Marxian Philosophy. A. green

B. bentham

C. lenin

D. engels

Answer: C. lenin 134. According to ……………….revolution is an essential step towards socialism A. lenin

B. marx

C. engels

141

D. hegel

Answer: A. lenin 135. Who was the staunch supporter of Karl Marx. A. hegel

B. marx

C. engels

D. lenin

Answer: D. lenin 136. …………… wanted action should follow theory and vice versa. A. marx

B. engels

C. lenin

D. green

C. hegel

D. engels

Answer: C. lenin 137. The book ‘what is to be done?’ is written by A. marx

B. lenin

Answer: B. lenin 138. Lenin’s first important theoretical work relates to A. factors of production B. organisation of the party

C. industry D. peasant

movements

Answer: B. organisation of the party 139. Who said that “all nations will arrive at socialism”? A. karl marx

B. lenin

C. mao

D. none of these

Answer: B. lenin 140. According to Gramsci ………………which applies coercion tomaintain its domination A. civil society

B. state

C. church

D. political society

Answer: D. political society 141. Structures associated with……… are called structures of legitimation A. base

B. religion

C. morals

D. superstructure

Answer: D. superstructure 142. The condition of working class in England is a book written by……….. A. marx

B. engels

C. lenin

D. hegel

Answer: B. engels 143. …………….. can be said as father of social democratic Marxism A. marx

B. hegel

C. lenin

D. engels

Answer: D. engels 144. Those who are active against the very existence of state are known as: A. fascists

B. anarchists

C. socialists

Answer: B. anarchists 142

D. none of these

Beginnings of Indian Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions 1. The meaning of Darsana is a. sight

B. vision

C. mission

D. inner vision

B. objective in nature

C. both

D. none

Answer: d. inner vision 2. Indian Philosophy is a. subjective in nature

Answer: a. subjective in nature 3. Which among the following is not a period of Indian Philosophy a. vedic period

B. contemporary period C. post- vedic period

D. period of customs

Answer: d. period of customs 4. Orthodox Systems are otherwise known as a. atheistic

B. theistic

C. astika

D. nastika

C. astika

D. nastika

Answer: c. astika 5. Heterdox systems are otherwise know as a. atheistic

B. theistic

Answer: d. nastika 6. ————- is the realization of Divinity in man a. psychology

B. science

C. religion

D. metaphysics

B. moral order

C. official order

D. cosmic order

Answer: c. religion 7. Rita means a. legal order

Answer: d. cosmic order 8. Which among the following is not accepted by Karma Doctrine a. karma phala

B. karma samskara

C. rebirth

D. materialism

Answer: d. materialism 9. The sum total of Papa and Punya in the life of man constitute a. ignorance

B. desire

C. karma samskara

D. karma neeti

Answer: c. karma samskara 10. The cause of Rebirth according to Indian Philosophy is a. karmic bondage

B. god

C. knowledge 143

D. death

Answer: a. karmic bondage 11. The origin of Indian philosophical thought is in a. systems

B. vedas

C. ithihasas

D. puranas

C. sruthi

D. pravrittis

B. sama

C. yajur

D. sankhya

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

C. prose

D. none of the above

C. 4

D. 6

C. aranyaka

D. upanishad

Answer: c. ithihasas 12. Vedas are also called as a. smriti

B. chinda

Answer: c. sruthi 13. Which among the following is not a Veda a. rig

Answer: d. sankhya 14. There are —– Vedas a. 2

Answer: c. 4 15. The word ‘Rik’ means a. verse

B. song

Answer: a. verse 16. Veda consists of ———— parts a. 10

B. 12

Answer: c. 4 17. The part which consists of hymns is called a. mantra

B. brahmana

Answer: a. mantra 18. The part which consists of directions for performing sacrifices is called a. mantra

B. brahmana

C. aranyaka

D. upanishad

Answer: b. brahmana 19. The part which consists of mystic interpretation of Brahmana is called a. mantra

B. brahmana

C. aranyaka

D. upanishad

C. aranyaka

D. upanishad

Answer: c. aranyaka 20. The end portion of Veda is called a. mantra

B. brahmana

144

Answer: d. upanishad 21. Which one of the following is not a Vedanga a. vyakarana

B. jyothisha

C. jathaka

D. niruktha

Answer: c. jathaka 22. The religion which believe in one Ultimate Reality is called a. polytheism

B. henotheism

C. monotheism

D. monism

C. belief in race

D. belief in god

Answer: d. monism 23. The word ‘Theism’ means a. belief in caste

B. belief in creed

Answer: d. belief in god 24. Qualified Monism mentioned about a. personalistic view of brahman

B. impersonalistic view of brahman C. both

D. none of the above

Answer: a. personalistic view of brahman 25. Upanishads are also called a. vedanga

B. vedanta

C. vedabhashya

D. vedasadana

B. idealistic monism

C. monotheism

D. pragmatism

Answer: b. vedanta 26. Upanishad teaches a. realism

Answer: b. idealistic monism 27. According to Acosmic view a. brahman alone is real B. the world alone is real C. brahman & world are real D. brahman & world are unreal

Answer: a. brahman alone is real 28. According to Cosmic view a. brahman alone is real B. the world alone is real C. brahman & world are real D. brahman & world are unreal

Answer: d. brahman & world are unreal 29. The power of Illusion is called a. brahman

B. maya

C. atman 145

D. sandhya

Answer: b. maya 30. Who among the following is the proponent of Advaita Vedanta a. sri krishna

B. kanada

C. sri sankaracharya

D. ramanuja

Answer: c. sri sankaracharya 31. Who among the following is the proponent of Visishta Advaita a. gautama

B. kanada

C. sri sankaracharya

D. ramanuja

C. manas

D. indriya

C. santhoshamaya kosa

D. manomaya kosa

C. mental sheath

D. intellectual sheath

C. mental sheath

D. intellectual sheath

C. mental sheath

D. intellectual sheath

C. mental sheath

D. intellectual sheath

C. sheath of bliss

D. intellectual sheath

C. manas

D. indriya

Answer: c. sri sankaracharya 32. Individual soul is called a. jivatman

B. paramatman

Answer: a. jivatman 33. Which among the following is not a Kosa a. annamaya kosa

B. pranamaya kosa

Answer: c. santhoshamaya kosa 34. Annamaya Kosa is called a. bodly sheath

B. vital sheath

Answer: a. bodly sheath 35. Pranamaya Kosa is called a. bodly sheath

B. vital sheath

Answer: b. vital sheath 36. Manomaya Kosa is called a. bodly sheath

B. vital sheath

Answer: c. mental sheath 37. Vijnanamaya Kosa is called a. bodly sheath

B. vital sheath

Answer: d. intellectual sheath 38. Anandamaya Kosa is called a. bodly sheath

B. vital sheath

Answer: c. sheath of bliss 39. Pure form of Atman is called a. jivatman

B. paramatman

146

Answer: b. paramatman 40. Waking stage is called a. swapna

B. sushupti

C. jagrit

D. turiya

C. jagrit

D. turiya

C. jagrit

D. turiya

C. jagrit

D. turiya

Answer: c. jagrit 41. Dreaming stage is called a. taijasa

B. sushupti

Answer: a. taijasa 42. Dreamless stage is called a. swapna

B. prajna

Answer: b. prajna 43. Ecstatic stage is called a. swapna

B. sushupti

Answer: d. turiya 44. Which one of the following is not a Mahavakya a. aham brahmasmi

B. prajnam brahman

C. brahma sathyam

D. tat tvam asi

Answer: c. brahma sathyam 45. Which one of the following is a way towards Liberation a. karma marga

B. kama marga

C. sneha marga

D. yukthi marga

Answer: a. karma marga 46. The word ‘Liberation’ means a. realization of self

B. realization of the world

environment

D. none of the above

C. realization of

Answer: a. realization of self 47. Cultivation of Detachment means a. jnana

B. vidhi

C. vairagya

D. nisheda

Answer: c. vairagya 48. Which among the following is not an Asrama a. grihastya

B. vanaprastha

C. yuvavastha

Answer: c. yuvavastha

147

D. sannyasa

49. The stage of Student life is called a. brahmacharya

B. vanaprastha

C. grihastya

D. sannyasa

C. brahmacharya

D. grihastha

C. bhakthi

D. prapatti

Answer: a. brahmacharya 50. Householder’s life is called a. vanaprastha

B. sannyasa

Answer: d. grihastha 51. Acquisition of Knowldege is called a. karma

B. jnana

Answer: b. jnana 52. Which among the following is not a step of Jnana Marga a. sravana

B. manana

C. dhyana

D. asana

C. desire

D. liberation

Answer: d. asana 53. The word ‘Moksha’ means a. bondage

B. karma phala

Answer: d. liberation 54. Acosmic view of Brahman is otherwise known as a. prapanja vada

B. saprapanja vada

C. nishprapanja vada

D. none of the above

C. madhvacharya

D. pathanjali

C. madhvacharya

D. pathanjali

Answer: b. saprapanja vada 55. Acosmic view of Brahman is accepted by a. sankaracharya

B. ramauja

Answer: a. sankaracharya 56. Cosmic view of Brahman is accepted by a. sankaracharya

B. ramauja

Answer: b. ramauja 57. The person who gets liberation in this life itself is called a. jivatman

B. paramatman

C. jivan mukta

D. videha mukta

C. pravritti marga

D. nivartti marga

Answer: c. jivan mukta 58. Path of action is called a. ashtanga marga

B. madhyamika marga

Answer: c. pravritti marga 148

59. Path of Inaction is called a. ashtanga marga

B. madhyamika marga

C. pravritti marga

D. nivartti marga

Answer: d. nivartti marga 60. Each chapter of Bhagavad Gita is referred as a. kanda

B. mandala

C. parva

D. yoga

C. universal world

D. universal law

Answer: d. yoga 61. Mahatma Gandhi called Bhagavad Gita as a. universal god

B. universal mother

Answer: b. universal mother 62. How many verses are there in Bhagavad Gita a. 108

B. 1010

C. 700

D. 708

Answer: c. 700 63. How many chapters are there in Bhagavad Gita a. 21

B. 18

C. 52

D. 25

Answer: b. 18 64. Which chapter is called Viswarupa Darsana Yoga a. one

B. thirteen

C. eighteen

D. eleven

C. bhakthi yoga

D. vibhuti yoga

Answer: c. eighteen 65. Last chapter of Bhagavad Gita is called a. mokshasamnyasa yoga B. samnyasa yoga

Answer: a. mokshasamnyasa yoga 66. Performing one’s duties in accordance with his position in the society is called a. nityakarma

B. kamyakarma

C. swadharma

D. anyadharma

Answer: c. swadharma 67. Performing one’s duties without any selfish motive is called a. karma phala

B. nishkama karma

C. karma samskara

D. naimittika karma

Answer: b. nishkama karma 68. ‘Path of action in inaction’ is the contribution of a. upanishads

B. samkhya yoga

C. buddhism

Answer: b. samkhya yoga 149

D. bhagavad gita

69. Path of action towards self realization is called a. karma marga

B. jnana marga

C. bhakti marga

D. raja marga

Answer: a. karma marga 70. Path of wisdom towards self realization is called a. karma marga

B. jnana marga

C. bhakti marga

D. raja marga

Answer: b. jnana marga 71. Path of devotion towards self realization is called a. karma marga

B. jnana marga

C. bhakti marga

D. raja marga

Answer: c. bhakti marga 72. Bhagavad Gita provides a synthesis of a. jnana & bhakti

B. jnana & karma

C. karma, bhakti &jnana D. none of the above

Answer: c. karma, bhakti &jnana 73. Purification of mind through Nishkama karma is called a. prana sudhi

B. chitta sudhi

C. tapas

D. dhyana

C. bhagavad gita

D. ramayana

C. vanaprastha

D. grahatha

C. sense organ

D. mind

Answer: b. chitta sudhi 74. ‘Yoga karmasu kausalam’ is the ideology of a. advaita vedanta

B. visishta advaita

Answer: c. bhagavad gita 75. The person with steady mind is called a. sthitaprajna

B. prajna sree

Answer: a. sthitaprajna 76. Yogi satisfied with the thoughts of a. self

B. body

Answer: a. self 77. The way towards self realization according to Bhagavad Gita is a. escape from sorrow

B. escape from household duties

C. nishkama karma

D. swadyaya

Answer: c. nishkama karma 78. According to Bhagavad Gita ‘Preservation of world of humanity’ means a. sthitha prajna

B. environmental ethics C. mukti marga 150

D. loka samgraha

Answer: d. loka samgraha 79. Concept of ‘lokasamgraha’ aims at a. welfare of humanity

B. protection of environment

biosphere

D. preservation of nature

C. presevation of

Answer: a. welfare of humanity 80. Social dimension of Bhakti is called a. asrama

B. varna

C. lokasamgraha

D. sthithaprajna

C. theism

D. atheism

C. theism

D. atheism

Answer: c. lokasamgraha 81. . Orthodox systems are otherwise known as a. astika darsana

B. nastika darsana

Answer: a. astika darsana 82. Heterodox systems are otherwise known as a. astika darsana

B. nastika darsana

Answer: b. nastika darsana 83. Which among the following is not a Heterodox system a. charvaka materialism

B. jainism

C. buddhism

D. purva mimamsa

Answer: d. purva mimamsa 84. Which among the following is not a Heterodox system a. charvaka materialism

B. jainism

C. nyaya vaiseshika

D. buddhism

Answer: c. nyaya vaiseshika 85. Which among the following is not a Heterodox system a. samkhya yoga

B. jainism

C. buddhism

D. charvaka

materialism

Answer: a. samkhya yoga 86. Which one of the following is a Heterodox system a. nyaya

B. buddhism

C. samkhya

D. vaiseshika

Answer: a. nyaya 87. Which one of the following is a Heterodox system a. jainism

B. yoga

C. purva mimamsa

Answer: a. jainism 151

D. vaiseshika

88. Which one of the following is a Heterodox system a. advaita vedanta

B. nyaya

C. charvaka materialism D. vaiseshika

Answer: c. charvaka materialism 89. Which one of the following is an Orthodox system a. nyaya

B. jainism

C. buddhism

D. lokayata

Answer: a. nyaya 90. Which among the following is not an Orthodox system a. nyaya

B. vaiseshika

C. samkhya

D. buddhism

C. advaita vedanta

D. upanishad

Answer: d. buddhism 91. Uttara Mimamsa is otherwise known as a. purva mimamsa

B. mimamsa sutra

Answer: c. advaita vedanta 92. Charvaka Materialism is otherwise known as a. advaita vedanta

B. lokayata

C. lokasamgraha

D. visishta advaita

Answer: b. lokayata 93. Which one of the following elements is not accepted by Charvaka materialism a. earth

B. air

C. water

D. ether

Answer: d. ether 94. How many pramanas are accepted by Charvaka materialism a. one

B. three

C. four

D. six

C. perception

D. all the above

Answer: a. one 95. Name the Pramana accepted by Lokayata a. inference

B. comparison

Answer: c. perception 96. Which among the following is accepted by Charvaka materialism a. god

B. matter

C. soul

D. rebirth

Answer: b. matter 97. Which among the following are Parama Purusharthas according to Indian Philosophy a. dharma & moksha

B. artha & kama

C. both a & b

Answer: c. both a & b 152

D. none of the above

98. Purusharthas accepted by Charvaka materialism a. artha & kama

B. dharma & moksha

C. dharma and kama

D. artha & moksha

Answer: a. artha & kama 99. Which one among the following is called ‘Indian Hedonism’ a. buddhism

B. charvaka materialism C. jainism

D. nyaya

Answer: b. charvaka materialism 100. Who among the following is the Author of ‘Sarva Darsana Samgraha’ a. gautama buddha

B. pathanjali

C. jaimini

D. brihaspati

Answer: d. brihaspati 101. Who among the following is the founder of Buddhism a. rishabha deva

B. vardhmana mahavira C. gautama buddha

D. brihaspati

Answer: c. gautama buddha 102. Which one among the following is a Buddhist sect a. digambara

B. mahayana

C. swethambara

D. avadhuta

C. agama

D. karika

C. vinaya

D. abhidamma

Answer: b. mahayana 103. Buddhists scripture is known as a. nigama

B. pitika

Answer: b. pitika 104. Which one among the following is not a Pitika a. visesha

B. sutta

Answer: a. visesha 105. Central teaching of Buddha consist of —– Truths a. three

B. two

C. five

D. four

Answer: d. four 106. Which one among the following is not a Noble Truth of Buddha a. dukha marga

B. sarvam dukham

C. dukha nirodha

D. dukha karana

C. arya satya

D. chitta satya

Answer: a. dukha marga 107. Buddha’s ‘Noble Truths’ are known as a. skanda

B. nidhana

Answer: c. arya satya 153

108. Buddha’s concept of liberation is called a. jivan mukti

B. kaivalya

C. videha mukti

D. nirvana

C. saptha bhangi naya

D. pratitya samutpada

C. path of action

D. path of devotion

Answer: d. nirvana 109. Buddha’s ‘Dukha nirodha marga’ is called a. ashtanga marga

B. ashtanga yoga

Answer: a. ashtanga marga 110. Eight fold path of Buddhism is also known as a. path of wisdom

B. middle path

Answer: b. middle path 111. Which one among the following is not come under 8 fold path a. right speech

B. right behaviour

C. right action

D. right concentration

Answer: b. right behaviour 112. . No- Soul theory of Buddhism is also known as a. paramanu vada

B. parinama vada

C. kshanika vada

D. anatma vada

Answer: d. anatma vada 113. Soul according to Buddhism is a. a cluster of 12 nidhana B. a cluster of 8 steps

C. a cluster of 5 skandas D. a cluster of 5 yamas

Answer: c. a cluster of 5 skandas 114. Theory of causation in Buddhism is called a. theory of dependent origination momentariness

B. theory of no-soul

C. theory of

C. kshanika vada

D. anatma vada

C. jina

D. jiva

D. theory of error

Answer: a. theory of dependent origination 115. Theory of Momentariness is also called a. paramanu vada

B. parinama vada

Answer: c. kshanika vada 116. . The word ‘Jainism’ came from the word a. maya

B. jnana

Answer: c. jina

154

117. The famous prophet of Jainism who is known as 24th Thirthangara is a. rshabha deva

B. prabhakara

C. kumarila bhatta

D. vardhamana

mahavira

Answer: d. vardhamana mahavira 118. Which one among the following is a sect of Jainism a. hinayana

B. digambara

C. mahayana

D. sankalpa

C. matter

D. none of the above

B. soul

C. matter

D. none of the above

B. all non-living beings

C. only in some living beings D. only in some

Answer: b. digambara 119. According to Jainism ‘Jiva’ means a. atmosphere

B. soul

Answer: b. soul 120. According to Jainism ‘Ajiva’ means a. atmosphere

Answer: c. matter 121. ‘Jiva’ is present in a. all living beings non-living beings

Answer: a. all living beings 122. ‘Jiva’ is a. unconscious

B. conscious

C. both conscious and unconscious D. none of

the above

Answer: b. conscious 123. According to Jainism ‘Baddha’ means a. bounded soul

B. free soul

C. both

D. none of the above

C. both

D. none of the above

Answer: a. bounded soul 124. According to Jainism ‘Mukta’ means a. bounded soul

B. free soul

Answer: b. free soul 125. According to Jainism, Liberation means a. soul bounded by karma B. soul bounded by ignorance karmic bonds

D. soul bounded by pre- disposition 155

C. soul free from

Answer: c. soul free from karmic bonds 126. Jaina theory of Reality is known as a. anatma vada

B. kshanika vada

C. syad vada

D. anekanda vada

Answer: d. anekanda vada 127. Jaina theory of Reality is known as a. theory of probability

B. theory of momentariness

multiplicity

D. theory of dependent origination

C. theory of

Answer: c. theory of multiplicity 128. Jaina Epistemology is known as a. anatma vada

B. kshanika vada

C. syad vada

D. anekanda vada

Answer: c. syad vada 129. Jaina theory of Knowldege is known as a. theory of probability

B. theory of momentariness

multiplicity

D. theory of dependent origination

C. theory of

Answer: a. theory of probability 130. The ‘Seven Conditional judgements’ for knowledge according to Jainism is called a. saptharshi

B. sapthanga marga

C. saptha bhangi naya

D. saptha arya satya

C. three aspects

D. many aspects

Answer: c. saptha bhangi naya 131. According to ‘Anekanda Vada’ , Reality has a. 2 aspects

B. 5 aspects

Answer: d. many aspects 132. According to Jaina Epistemology, ordinary man gets a. absolute knowledge

B. relative knowledge

C. both

D. none

C. gautama

D. madhva

C. gautama

D. madhva

Answer: b. relative knowledge 133. The founder of Nyaya system is a. kanada

B. jaimini

Answer: c. gautama 134. The author of Nyaya Sutra is a. kanada

B. jaimini

Answer: c. gautama 156

135. The founder of Vaiseshika system is a. kanada

B. jaimini

C. gautama

D. madhva

C. gautama

D. madhva

Answer: a. kanada 136. The author of Vaiseshika Sutra is a. kanada

B. jaimini

Answer: a. kanada 137. How many pramanas are accepted by Nyaya philosophy a. 3

B. 7

C. 4

D. 8

Answer: c. 4 138. Which one of the pramanas is not accepted by Nyaya epistemology a. pratyaksha

B. anumana

C. upamana

D. arthapathi

C. verbal testimony

D. comparison

C. 13

D. 6

C. particularity

D. inherance

C. yoga

D. purva mimamsa

Answer: d. arthapathi 139. Nyaya gives importance to —— pramana a. perception

B. inference

Answer: b. inference 140. Vaiseshika accepted —– Categories a. 10

B. 7

Answer: b. 7 141. Vaiseshika gives importance to —— category a. non-existence

B. generality

Answer: c. particularity 142. Paramanu vada is the contribution of a. vaiseshika

B. samkhya

Answer: a. vaiseshika 143. The minutest particle of matter which cannot be further divided is called a. samavaya

B. paramanu

C. samanya

D. visesha

Answer: b. paramanu 144. Which one among the following is not an atomic structure a. earth

B. air

C. ether

Answer: c. ether 157

D. water

145. Nyaya-Vaiseshika Theory of Causation is called a. satkarya vada

B. asatkarya vada

C. parinama vada

D. theory of

dependent origination

Answer: b. asatkarya vada 146. Asatkarya vada is also known as a. arambha vada

B. parinama vada

C. brahma parinama vada D. pratitya samutpada

Answer: a. arambha vada 147. The author of Samkhya Sutra is a. kanada

B. kapila

C. gautama

D. jaimini

C. gautama

D. pathanaji

Answer: b. kapila 148. The author of Yoga Sutra is a. kanada

B. kapila

Answer: d. pathanaji 149. There are ——— according to Samkhya philosophy a. 1

B. 2

C. 5

D. 8

Answer: b. 2 150. The word ‘Samkhya’ means a. reasoning

B. discriminative knowledge

C. number D.

investigation

Answer: b. discriminative knowledge 151. The word ‘Yoga’ means a. union with the absolute B. union with matter

C. union with the world D. union with the

body

Answer: a. union with the absolute 152. Which among the following realities are accepted by Samkhya Darsana a. a. jiva & ajiva

B. prakriti & purusha

C. pritvi & akasha

D. dravya & guna

Answer: b. prakriti & purusha 153. According to Samkhya Darsana, the world is evolved from a. purusha

B. prakriti

C. samanya

Answer: b. prakriti 158

D. visesha

154. Theory of Causation according to Samkhya Darsana is called a. asatkarya vada

B. satkarya vada

C. pratitya samutpada

D. syad vada

C. parinama vada

D. anatma vada

C. madhyamika marga

D. arya satya

Answer: b. satkarya vada 155. Satkarya vada is also known as a. arambha vada

B. kshanika vada

Answer: c. parinama vada 156. Eight steps of Yoga together known as a. ashtanga yoga

B. ashtanga marga

Answer: a. ashtanga yoga 157. Which one among the following is the first step of Ashtanga Yoga a. asana

B. pranayama

C. dhyana

D. yama

Answer: d. yama 158. Which one among the following is the second step of Ashtanga Yoga a. asana

B. pranayama

C. niyama

D. yama

Answer: c. niyama 159. Which one among the following is the last step of Ashtanga Yoga a. dhyana

B. samadhi

C. pranayama

D. dharana

Answer: b. samadhi 160. Which one among the following is an Antaranga Sadhana of Ashtanga Yoga a. yama

B. samadhi

C. pranayama

D. niyama

Answer: b. samadhi 161. Which one among the following is not a Bhahiranga Sadhana of Ashtanga Yoga a. yama

B. samadhi

C. pranayama

D. niyama

C. controlling angry

D. controlling sense

C. iswara krishna

D. jaimini

Answer: b. samadhi 162. Pranayama is meant for a. controlling desire

B. controlling breath

organs

Answer: b. controlling breath 163. The author of Mimamsa Sutra is a. gautama

B. vatsyana

159

Answer: d. jaimini 164. Purva Mimamsa investigates a. mantra

B. brahmana

C. both

D. none

Answer: c. both 165. Which one among the following investigates Karma Kanda of Veda a. uttara mimamsa

B. purva mimamsa

C. samkhya yoga

D. nyaya vaiseshika

C. raja mimamsa

D. uttara mimamsa

C. 6

D. 1

Answer: b. purva mimamsa 166. Purva Mimamsa is otherwise called a. jnana mimamsa

B. karma mimamsa

Answer: b. karma mimamsa 167. Purva Mimamsa accepted ———— Pramanas a. 3

B. 4

Answer: b. 4 168. Obligatory duties according to Purva mimamsa are called a. nitya karma

B. naimittika karma

C. kamya karma

D. viswa karma

C. advaita vedanta

D. yoga

Answer: a. nitya karma 169. Uttara Mimamsa is also known as a. purva mimamsa

B. vedanta

Answer: c. advaita vedanta 170. Sankaracharya accepted a. acosmic view of brahman

B. cosmic view of brahman C. both

none

Answer: a. acosmic view of brahman 171. The power of Illusion is called a. brahman

B. maya

C. atman

D. iswara

C. moksha

D. jiva

Answer: b. maya 172. Liberation from bondage is called a. punya

B. papa

Answer: c. moksha

160

D.

173. Sankaracharya regarded Brahman as a. saguna brahman

B. nirguna brahman

C. both

D. none

C. karma

D. maya

C. karma

D. maya

Answer: b. nirguna brahman 174. ‘Avarana Sakti’ is the power of a. brahman

B. jiva

Answer: d. maya 175. ‘Vikshepa Sakti’ is the power of a. brahman

B. jiva

Answer: d. maya 176. Advaita Vedanta investigates ———— of Veda a. karma kanda

B. bhakti kanda

C. jnana kanda

Answer: c. jnana kanda

161

D. none of these

Indian Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions 1. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ is considered as the foundation of Indian Philosophy A. samhitas

B. brahmans

C. aranyakas

D. upanishads

Answer: D. upanishads 2. Philosophical knowledge does not aim to satisfying our theoretical interest, but also to A. realizing god

B. realizing perfe

C. goo

D. in life

Answer: C. goo 3. Indian philosophy is essentially ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐in nature. A. materialistic

B. spiritualisti

C. c. optimistic

D. ritualistic

Answer: B. spiritualisti 4. Indian Philosophy is called Darsana, which means A. reality

B. truth

C. system

D. vision

B. apariya

C. aprameya,

D. none of these

Answer: D. vision 5. The Vedas are A. apauruṣeya

Answer: A. apauruṣeya 6. Vedas are supposed to have been directly revealed, thus they are called A. sm_ti

B. krithi

C. sruti

D. rithi

B. what is collected

C. what is informe

D. what is heard

Answer: C. śruti 7. Sruti means A. what is remembered

Answer: D. what is heard 8. The Sanskrit word véda is derived from the root A. vid

B. veed

C. ve

D. d. vide

B. to know

C. to say

D. to vivid

C. three parts

D. four parts

Answer: A. vid 9. Vid means A. to clear

Answer: B. to know 10. Each Veda has divided in to A. six parts

B. five parts

162

Answer: D. four parts 11. Which of the following is not a part of Veda? A. samhita

B. purana

C. brahmans

D. aranyakas

B. directions for rituals

C. gui lines for vanaprastha D. philosophical

Answer: B. purana 12. Samhitas contains A. hymns or prayers thoughts

Answer: A. hymns or prayers 13. Brahmanas are mostly A. hymns

B. philosophical thoughts C. prose treatise

D. none of these

Answer: C. prose treatise 14. Aranyakas provide ritual guidance to A. sacrificial duties

B. garhasthya

C. brahmacarya

D. vanaprastha

C. scussions on rituals

D. ritual guidenses

Answer: D. vanaprastha 15. The Upanishads are rich with A. philosophical thoughts B. hums or prayers

Answer: A. philosophical thoughts 16. The schools of Indian philosophy are divided into two broad classes, which are they? A. purva mimamsa and utara mimamsa

B. orthodox and heterodox C. theistic an D.

atheistic d. none of these

Answer: B. orthodox and heterodox 17. The schools which recognize the authority of the Vedas is called. A. heterodox

B. nastika

C. ortho

D. x d. none of these

Answer: C. ortho 18. The schools which do not recognize the authority of the Vedas is called. A. orthodox

B. heterodox

C. asthika

D. none of these

Answer: B. heterodox 19. Among the following which one is not a Asthika system? A. nyaya

B. vaisesika

C. bu

Answer: C. bu 163

D. ism d. samkhya

20. Among the following which one is atheistic? A. nyaya

B. vaisesika

C. yoga

D. samkhya

C. yoga

D. carvaka

C. yoga

D. carvaka

Answer: D. samkhya 21. Among the following which one is theistic? A. samkhya

B. mimamsa

Answer: C. yoga 22. is called the theistic Samkhya. A. samkhya

B. mimamsa

Answer: C. yoga 23. According to Vaisesika the world is composed by A. the eternal atoms

B. padartas

C. avyas

D. none of these

C. atheism

D. pluralism

Answer: A. the eternal atoms 24. The Nyaya and Vaisesika advocate A. monism

B. dualism

Answer: D. pluralism 25. The Vedanta advocates A. dualism

B. spiritualistic monism C. pluralism

D. materialism

Answer: B. spiritualistic monism 26. The Samkhya advocates A. monism

B. dualism

C. atheism

D. pluralism

C. prakrti

D. brahman

C. min

D. and matter d. none

C. the lor

D. d. none of these

Answer: B. dualism 27. The Vedanta recognizes the reality of A. isvara

B. purusa

Answer: D. brahman 28. The Samkhya advocates dualism of A. prakrti and purusas

B. brahman and atman

of these

Answer: A. prakrti and purusas 29. Ishvara in Sanskrit means A. the god

B. the king

164

Answer: C. the lor 30. According to Indian Philosophy God is the creator, the preserver and the‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐of the cosmos A. successor

B. destroyer

C. master

D. none of these

Answer: B. destroyer 31. All schools of Indian philosophy except the ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐believe in the Law of Karma. A. none of the mentioned B. ddhism b. jainism

C. carvaka

D. samkhya

Answer: C. carvaka 32. As we sow, so we reap is related with A. law of reality

B. law of

C. usation c. law of liberation D. law of karma

Answer: D. law of karma 33. Punya is a result of A. performance of a duty B. violation of duty

C. rejection of

D. ty d. none of these

Answer: A. performance of a duty 34. Violation of a duty or commission of a forbidden action produces A. punya

B. merit

C. arma

D. papa

Answer: D. papa 35. According to Indian Philosophy merit and demerit are considered as A. spshta

B. adrsta

D. sya d. none of these

B. seen agen

C. es c. forbi

Answer: B. adrsta 36. adrsta means A. unseen agencies

D. en agencies d. none

of these

Answer: A. unseen agencies 37. Accumulated karmas of the past births is called A. anara

B. ha karma b. sanciyamana karma

d. agamika karma

Answer: D. a karma d. agamika karma

165

C. prarab D. a karma

38. Karmas which will be acquired in future is called A. sanciyamana karma

B. anarabdha karma

C. prarab

D. a karma d. agamika

karma

Answer: B. anarabdha karma 39. karmas which are being acquired in this birth is called A. sanciyamana karma

B. anarabdha karma

C. prarab

D. a karma d. agamika

karma

Answer: A. sanciyamana karma 40. For Jaina liberation means A. complete destruction of karma‐matter investing the soul of suffering

C. complete

B. complete extinction

D. struction of desires

Answer: A. complete destruction of karma‐matter investing the soul 41. Complete destruction of merit and demerit and absolute extinction of pain as release, which system holds this view? A. samkhya

B. mimamsa

C. yoga

D. carvaka

Answer: B. mimamsa 42. Yoga advocates the notion of liberation, which is called A. kaivalya

B. nirvana

C. sa

D. na d. moksha

Answer: A. kaivalya 43. The Advaita Vedanta regards liberation as A. realization of god

B. realization identity of self with god

C. realization of i D.

ntity of the individual self with brahman

Answer: C. realization of i 44. The veda is etymologically related to A. love of learning

B. s

C. ipture

D. none of these

C. two

D. one

Answer: A. love of learning 45. Each veda consists of ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ parts A. three

B. four

Answer: B. four

166

46. Mantras and the Brahmanas constitute A. jnana kanda

B. karma kanda

C. knowle

D. e

Answer: B. karma kanda 47. RK, Yajur, Sama and Atharva are A. different samhitas

B. different parts of the veda

D. fferent brahman

Answer: A. different samhitas 48. Vid means to A. truth

B. knowledge

C. false knowle

D. e

Answer: B. knowledge 49. Aranyakas and the Upanisads constitute A. jnanakanda

B. rituals

C. karma kan

Answer: A. jnanakanda 50. The ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ were the last literary products of the vedic period A. upanisads

B. aranyakas

C. brhmans

D. none of these

C. mantras

D. none of these

B. love of learning

C. love of wis

D. m

B. smriti

C. that which is heard

D. none of these

C. brahmana

D. veda

Answer: A. upanisads 51. The appendages to the Brahmanas are called A. upanisads

B. aranyakas

Answer: A. upanisads 52. The Sanskrit term for philosophy is A. darsana

Answer: A. darsana 53. Sruti means A. memory

Answer: C. that which is heard 54. The collection of the mantras is called A. samhita

B. upanisads

Answer: A. samhita 55. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Samhita is regarded as the oldest and also the most important A. sama

B. yajur

C. rk 167

D. none of these

Answer: C. rk 56. The Upanisads are also known as A. veda

B. brahmana

C. ve

D. nta

Answer: C. ve 57. The mantra portion has been called religion of Nature A. of the poets

B. of the priest

C. of the philosophers

D. none of these

C. worship of rta

D. none of these

B. belief in one only god C. belief in reality

D. none of these

Answer: A. of the poets 58. The mantras inculcate a form of A. nature worship

B. god worship

Answer: A. nature worship 59. Henotheism means A. belief in god

Answer: B. belief in one only god 60. Belief in many gods is known as A. polytheism

B. henotheism

C. monotheism

D. monism

Answer: A. polytheism 61. The whole of existence is reduced to one fundamental reality is called A. polytheism

B. monotheism

C. monism

D. none of these

B. epic

C. sutra

D. scholastic

B. song

C. prose

D. none of these

C. two

D. none of these

Answer: C. monism 62. The first period of Indian philosophy is called A. vedic

Answer: A. vedic 63. Sama Means a A. verse

Answer: B. song 64. Some times the Vedas are referred to only as A. trayi

B. four

Answer: A. trayi 65. The essence of the vedic hymns is the philosophy of A. monotheism

B. spiritualistic monism C. polytheism 168

D. none of these

Answer: B. spiritualistic monism 66. A transitional stage from polytheism to monotheism is A. henotheism

B. monism

C. spiritualism

D. none of these

C. agni

D. none of these

C. in

D. a

Answer: A. henotheism 67. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ is the guardian of the moral law A. indra

B. varuna

Answer: B. varuna 68. The god who vanguishes evil A. varuna

B. agni

Answer: C. in 69. Natural occurrences are attribute to supernatural causes in A. monotheism

B. monism

C. polytheism

D. none of these

Answer: C. polytheism 70. The highest spiritual truth is expressed in ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ form in vedic hymns A. two form

B. one form

C. three form

D. none of these

Answer: A. two form 71. They are A. monism & polytheism B. monotheism & monism monotheism

C. polytheism &

D. none of these

Answer: B. monotheism & monism 72. The Brahmanas are the work of the A. poets

B. philosopher

C. priests

D. none of these

C. priests

D. none of these

C. priests

D. none of these

Answer: C. priests 73. The hymns are the creation of the A. poets

B. philosopher

Answer: A. poets 74. The Upanisads are the meditation of the A. poets

B. philosopher

169

Answer: B. philosopher 75. The mantras in its present form dates from A. 500 b.c

B. 400 b.c

C. 600 b.c

D. 300 b.c

Answer: C. 600 b.c 76. Brahmanas form the ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ part of the Vedas A. first part

B. se

C. n

D. part

C. me

D. tation

B. the whole of existen

C. is re

C. i am atman

D. none of these

Answer: B. se 77. The teachings of the Upanisads represents A. the goal of the veda

B. reality

Answer: A. the goal of the veda 78. Monotheism means A. many gods were reduced to one god

D. ced to

one

Answer: A. many gods were reduced to one god 79. Aham Brahmasmi means A. i am brahman

B. i am god

Answer: A. i am brahman 80. Atman and Brahman are the term used in the Upanisads to stand for the A. ultimate reality

B. god

C. man

D. none of these

Answer: A. ultimate reality 81. Metrical hymns represent A. mantras

B. brhmanas

C. upanisa

Answer: A. mantras 82. Everything that is ordered in the universe has A. god

B. rta

C. morality

D. none of these

Answer: B. rta 83. The law of which varuna is the custodian is called A. rta

B. god

C. morality

170

D. none of these

Answer: A. rta 84. Rta literally means A. the course of thing

B. order

C. law

D. none of these

B. the order of the world C. god

D. none of these

Answer: A. the course of thing 85. Rta denotes A. course

Answer: B. the order of the world 86. Rta stands for A. order

B. course

C. law

D. none of these

Answer: C. law 87. The ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ were the last literary products of the Vedic period A. mantras

B. brahmans

C. aranyakas

D. upanisads

Answer: D. upanisads 88. Mantras and Brahmanas constitute A. karmakanda

B. jnanakanda

C. uttarakana

Answer: A. karmakanda 89. Aranyakas and Upanisads constitute A. karmakanda

B. jnanakanda

C. purvakan

Answer: B. jnanakanda 90. The term atman means A. soul

B. prayer

C. bo

Answer: A. soul 91. What is true about Atman A. atman is absolute

B. atman is the sum of indiriyas

thoughts

D. none of these

C. atman is the sum of

Answer: A. atman is absolute 92. According to the Upanisads; Atman means A. that which is infinite

B. that whi

C. is limite

Answer: D. 93. Which of the following Upanisads expresses the dialogue between prajapati 171

and Indra to make clear the different states of self A. katha

B. mundaka

C. chan

D. gya

Answer: C. chan 94. To enable Indra to realize that the self is the subject of all experiences, prajapati employs A. the method of doubt B. the method of abstraction

C. the metho

of skepticism

Answer: B. the method of abstraction 95. To be free from everything is A. sum total

B. nothing

C. somthing

D. none of these

C. prajna

D. turiya

C. prajna

D. turiya

B. taijasa

C. prajna

D. turiya

B. brilliant

C. susupta

D. none of these

C. not this

D. none of these

C. kena

D. aithareya

Answer: B. nothing 96. The waking condition of the soul is called A. visva

B. taijasa

Answer: A. visva 97. Dreaming condition of the soul is called A. visva

B. taijasa

Answer: B. taijasa 98. Sleeping condition of the soul is called A. visva

Answer: C. prajna 99. Prajnana means A. cognitinal

Answer: A. cognitinal 100. Aham Brahmasmi means A. i am brahman

B. i am atman

Answer: A. i am brahman 101. The Mahavakya ‘Prajnanam Brahma’ cames in A. katha

B. isa

172

D.

Answer: D. aithareya 102. The Upanisadis statement ‘That thou art’ cames in A. isa

B. katha

C. kene

D. chandogya

C. sama

D. atharvaveda

Answer: D. chandogya 103. The Mandukya Upanisads is a part of A. rig veda

B. yajur

Answer: D. atharvaveda 104. The Upanisads can be said as monists because they believe in A. one god

B. many gods

C. one creator

D. one reality

Answer: D. one reality 105. In the Chandogya upanisads Brahman is cryptically described as A. sacrifice

B. prayer

C. tajjalan

D. none of these

Answer: C. tajjalan 106. The word Brahman is derived from the root ‘Brh’ which means A. to grow or to evolve

B. breath

C. consciousness

D. none of these

Answer: A. to grow or to evolve 107. Taittiriya Upanisads postulates the theory of ‘five kosas’. These kosas are A. prithvi,aap,tejas,vayu,akasa

B. rupa, rasa, gandha, sparsha and sabda

anna, prana, manas,vijnana an

D. ananda

C.

Answer: C. anna, prana, manas,vijnana an 108. Nis prapanca means A. acosmic

B. cosmic

C. absolutiosm

D. none of these

C. absolutism

D. none of these

B. existan

C. absolute an

Answer: A. acosmic 109. The word sapra panca means A. acosmic

B. cosmic

Answer: B. cosmic 110. Saccidanda means A. existance consciousness & bliss bliss

Answer: A. existance consciousness & bliss 173

D.

111. The Brhadaranyaka describs Brahman as A. the real of the real

B. tajj alan

C. sacrifice

D. none of these

Answer: A. the real of the real 112. Neti‐ Neti negates A. all description about the brahman jiva

B. the reality of the world C. the reality of the

D. none of these

Answer: A. all description about the brahman 113. The self is A. immortal

B. self‐luminous

C. self‐proved

D. all the above

Answer: D. all the above 114. The first cause of this universe is A. absolute consciousness

B. beyond time and space C. beyon D. age,

death & immortality

Answer: D. age, death & immortality 115. The Individual self is A. the product of ignorance knot of the existent an

B. the nearest approach to the absolute

C. a

D. the non‐existent

Answer: A. the product of ignorance 116. In the empirical condition, the jiva has an out fit of three bodies they are A. sthula,suksma and karana sarira & motor organs

B. earth, water &fire

C. manas, sense organs

D. none of these

Answer: A. sthula,suksma and karana sarira 117. The Mundaka upanisad analysied three states of existence of the jiva ‐‐‐‐ A. sthula ,suksma and karna manana an

B. waking, dream and deepsleep

C. sravana,

D. nididhyasava

Answer: B. waking, dream and deepsleep 118. The three steps of the vedantic training towards self‐realization are ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ A. yama, niyama and asana

B. sravana,manana and nididhyasana D. arana,

dhyana and samadhi 174

Answer: B. sravana,manana and nididhyasana 119. In the practical teaching of the upanisad the course of discipline prescribed comprises two states A. dharana and dhyana

B. sravana and manana

C. vairagya & jnana

D. none of these

Answer: C. vairagya & jnana 120. Nididhyasana means A. meditation

B. study of the upanisads C. continue

D. reflection

Answer: A. meditation 121. Meditative exercises is called A. upasana

B. brahman realization

C. yoga

D. none of these

C. attachment

D. none of these

Answer: A. upasana 122. Vairagya means A. removal of ahamkara B. samnyasa

Answer: A. removal of ahamkara 123. Jivan mukti attained when A. one is alive

B. only after death

D. ath

Answer: A. one is alive 124. Videha mukti is attained A. when one is alive

B. life

C. only after

D. ath

Answer: C. only after 125. The nature of eternal life is A. a condition of ananda B. a state of joyous expansion of the soul

C. where heaven an

D. earth felt to flow together

Answer: D. earth felt to flow together 126. The date of Gita may be assigned to A. 6th c b.c c

B. 5th

C. b.c

D. none of these

B. a

C. devotion and

Answer: B. 5th 127. The Gita represent a unique synthesis of A. action,devotion and knowledge knowledge

D. action and knowledge

Answer: A. action,devotion and knowledge

175

128. The society was divided into four classes. They are A. brahmacarya,gargasthya,vanaprasta & samnyasa B. brahmana,ksatriya,vaisya and sudra wis

C.

D. m, courage and temperance

Answer: B. brahmana,ksatriya,vaisya and sudra 129. Niskama karma means A. renunction of action

B. renun

C. karma

D. none of these

Answer: A. renunction of action c) karma 130. Nivrtti refers to ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ A. turning away from activity good

B. living in the midst of society

C. what is

D. none of these

Answer: A. turning away from activity 131. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ recommended living in the midst of society A. pravrti

B. giving up of all karma C. with

D. awing from the

world

Answer: A. pravrti 132. Lokasamgraha refers to A. renunuation of action B. work for the well being of the society being of oneself

C. work for the well

D. none of these

Answer: B. work for the well being of the society 133. A state free from all misery is the state of the A. bound soul

B. liberated soul

C. soul

D. none of these

Answer: B. liberated soul 134. The first chapter of Gita is A. the hesitation and despondency of arjuna yoga an

B. samkhya theory and yoga practice C. karma

D. the method of work

Answer: A. the hesitation and despondency of arjuna 135. Some people have tried to read in the Gita a ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ A. cult of murder

B. philosophy

C. predicament

D. none of these

C. jnana yoga

D. none of these

Answer: A. cult of murder c) predicament 136. The central teaching of the Gita is A. niskamakarma

B. bhaktiyoga

Answer: A. niskamakarma 176

Contemporary Indian Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions 1. —— and —— are the two systems of schools in Indian philosophy A. asthika and nasthika

B. vedic and non-vedic

C. materialistic and spiritualistic

D. none of

these

Answer: A. asthika and nasthika 2. Those who believes in the authority of Vedas are known as———A. orthodox

B. heterodox

C. visions

D. none of the above

C. vedas

D. none of these

C. gautama

D. mahavira

Answer: A. orthodox 3. The term Nastika means —— A. orthodox

B. heterodox

Answer: B. heterodox 4. Who was the founder of Carvaka Philosophy A. kanada

B. brhaspati

Answer: B. brhaspati 5. Carvaka philosophy is other wise known as —— A. materialism

B. empiricism

C. idealism

D. spiritualism

Answer: A. materialism 6. In Heterodox systems how many schools are there A. three

B. two

C. four

D. six

Answer: A. three 7. The term ‘eat, drink and merry is related to—— A. carvaka

B. buddhism

C. jainism

D. advaita

C. ramanuja

D. madhva

Answer: A. carvaka 8. Who was the founder of Buddhism A. gautama buddha

B. mahavira

Answer: A. gautama buddha 9. The Orthodox schools of Indian philosophy accepts the goal of life is——A. self-realization

B. self-satisfaction

C. self –manifestation

Answer: A. self-realization

177

D. self-discipline

10. The term’ the fruit has arisen out of the action and action out of the fruit’ is related to—A. concept of karma

B. concept of bhakti

C. concept of moksha

D. concept of

nishkamakarma

Answer: C. concept of moksha 11. In Indian philosophy————- is the cause of existence of suffering A. death

B. disease

C. emotion

D. karma

C. jainism

D. vaisesika

Answer: D. karma 12. The Four Noble Truths are related to —– A. advaita

B. buddhism

Answer: B. buddhism 13. Direct experience of one’s inner nature is known as A. self-discipline

B. self-satisfaction

C. self-realization

D. self-manifestation

Answer: C. self-realization 14. The philosophy of Vivekananda is related to——A. advaita

B. dvaita

C. visistadvaita

D. none of these

Answer: A. advaita 15. The philosophy of Sri Aurobindo is known as A. integral yoga

B. jnana yoga

C. karma yoga

D. bhakti yoga

Answer: A. integral yoga 16. The two concepts of Evolution and Involution is related to —– A. m.k.gandhi

B. swami vivekananda

C. tagore

D. sri aurobindo

Answer: D. sri aurobindo 17. The concept of Supermind is associated with the philosophy of A. sri aurobindo

B. swami vivekananda

C. pathanjali

D. sri narayanaguru

Answer: A. sri aurobindo 18. Who said that ‘man should recognize his ultimate truth’ A. tagore

B. m.k. gandhi

C. sri narayanaguru

D. k.c. bhattacharya

Answer: A. tagore 19. The process of Ascent through Descent means A. existence

B. consciousness

C. integration 178

D. bliss

Answer: C. integration 20. Creation according to Sri Aurobindo is nothing but an A. expression of joy

B. expression of sorrow C. expression of nothingness D. none of these

Answer: A. expression of joy 21. According to Sri Aurobindo realm of reality is divided to two hemispheres are —–and —A. lower&higher

B. upper& lower

C. north& south

D. none of these

Answer: A. lower&higher 22. The most important character of Evolutionary process is A. widening

B. heightening

C. integration

D. combination

C. destruction

D. combination

Answer: C. integration 23. Ascent according to Sri Aurobindo means A. involution

B. evolution

Answer: B. evolution 24. Sri Aurobindo claims that his Yoga is Integral or —– A. synthetic

B. analytic

C. descriptive

D. none of these

C. sreenarayana guru

D. chattambiswamikal

Answer: A. synthetic 25. ——– is known as Father of Renaissance A. kumaranasan

B. ayyankali

Answer: C. sreenarayana guru 26. Who contribute the message of “One caste One Religion One God to Humanity. A. sreenarayanaguru

B. swami vivekananda

C. swami vivekananda

D. none of these

Answer: A. sreenarayanaguru 27. Who held the consecration of an Ezhava Shiva ? A. m.k. gandhi

B. tagore

C. s.radhakrishnan

D. sreenarayanaguru

Answer: D. sreenarayanaguru 28. In his famous work ‘Atmopadeshasatakam’ NarayanaGuru describes A. self-instructions

B. self-discipline

C. self-analysis

D. self-sacrifice

Answer: A. self-instructions 29. Truth and Non-violence are the two important weapons of A. tagore

B. s.radhakrishnan

C. m.k. gandhi 179

D. sri aurobindo

Answer: C. m.k. gandhi 30. According to Gandhi’ Truth’ is—– A. mind

B. god

C. consciousness

D. self

C. violence

D. struggle

Answer: B. god 31. Ahimsa is otherwise known as ——– A. love force

B. peace

Answer: A. love force 32. The term Sarvodaya means A. uplift of all

B. uplift of brahmins

C. uplift of untouchables D. none of these

Answer: A. uplift of all 33. According to Gandhi in Politics the power must be—– A. centralized

B. decentralized

C. wither away

D. none of these

Answer: B. decentralized 34. ‘Reliance on our strength’ is otherwise known as— A. swadeshi

B. fearlessness

C. trusteeship

D. truthfulness

C. sarvodaya

D. none of these

Answer: A. swadeshi 35. ‘The Kingdom of God’ is otherwise known as A. ramarajya

B. swarajya

Answer: A. ramarajya 36. According to S.Radhakrishnan the knowledge of the self is possible only through A. intuition

B. intellect

C. sensation

D. mind

Answer: A. intuition 37. The Ultimate human destiny is not individual redemption but universal redemption A. sri aurobindo

B. s. radhakrishnan

C. swami vivekananda

D. none of these

Answer: B. s. radhakrishnan 38. Which among the following is not a possible source of knowledge according to Radhakrishnan? A. sense-experience

B. implication

C. intellectual cognition D. intuitive cognition

Answer: B. implication 39. The function of Intellect, according to Radhakrishnan is—A. synthesis

B. argumentation

C. differentiation 180

D. analysis

Answer: A. synthesis 40. The whole must be grasped by —–alone A. intellect

B. intuition

C. sense-experience

D. implication

C. swami vivekananda

D. m.k.gandhi

Answer: B. intuition 41. “An Idealist View of Life is “ written by A. sri aurobindo

B. s. radhakrishnan

Answer: B. s. radhakrishnan 42. According to Radhakrishnan from the cosmic point of view ————–is the Absolute A. god

B. self

C. consciousness

D. mind

C. metaphysics

D. ethics

Answer: A. god 43. ——- is the insight into the nature of Reality A. religion

B. science

Answer: A. religion 44. How many ways of knowing is in Rachakrishnan’s philosophy A. one

B. two

C. three

D. none of these

Answer: C. three 45. The first philosopher who became the president of India A. dr. s.radhakrishnan

B. dr. v.v.giri

C. dr. a.p.j .abdulkalam

D. none of these

Answer: A. dr. s.radhakrishnan 46. Ancient Indian philosophy describes —– is the ultimate goal of existence A. moksa

B. bliss

C. consciousness

D. freedom

Answer: A. moksa 47. The Ultimate human destiny according to S. Radhakrishnan is A. jivanmukti

B. sarvamukti

C. videhamukti

D. none of these

Answer: B. sarvamukti 48. According to Swami Vivekananda , Raja Yoga means A. chitta vrtti nirodha

B. , mental concentration, C. physical concentration, D. none of the above

Answer: A. chitta vrtti nirodha 49. Yoga literaly means A. modification

B. action

C. union 181

D. sacrifice

Answer: C. union 50. According to Swami Vivekananda , a Karma yogi should work —————— A. physically.

B. spiritually,

C. consciously

D. incessantly

Answer: D. incessantly 51. According to Swami Vivekananda , Self-Abnegation means A. attachment,

B. self-determination,

C. non-attachment,

D. non-existence

Answer: C. non-attachment, 52. According to Swami Vivekananda, the Highest ideal in a Karma yogi is—A. self-abnegation,

B. self-discipline,

C. self-determined,

D. self-satisfied

C. to learn,

D. to visualize

C. bliss,

D. all the above

C. vivekananda,

D. sreenarayana guru

C. february12,

D. january14

C. buddha,

D. sreeramakrishna

Answer: A. self-abnegation, 53. The word Karma means —————— A. to do,

B. to think,

Answer: A. to do, 54. A jnana-yogi identifies Ultimate reality as A. existence,

B. knowledge,

Answer: D. all the above 55. “work is worship” related to A. m.k.gandhi,

B. s.radhakrishnan,

Answer: C. vivekananda, 56. Vivekananda was born on 1863———– A. january12,

B. january22,

Answer: A. january12, 57. Vivekananda was the disciple of A. sree narayana guru,

B. mahaveera,

Answer: D. sreeramakrishna 58. Swamiji founded Ramakrishna Mission on ——year A. 1may 1897,

B. 1may 1898,

C. 2nd may1897,

D. 3rd may 1897

C. 1892,

D. 1893

Answer: A. 1may 1897, 59. Swamiji’s Chicago speech held on A. 1894,

B. 1895,

182

Answer: D. 1893 60. Whose birthday is celebrated as National Youth Day A. gandhiji’,

B. aurobindaghosh

C. ’ vivekananda

D. chattambiswamikal

C. february12

D. january13

Answer: C. ’ vivekananda 61. Which day is celebrated as National Youth Day A. december12

B. january12

Answer: B. january12 62. “Education is the manifestation of the perfection already in man” ,according to A. s.radhakrishnan

B. jawaharlal nehru,

C. mahatma gandhi,

D. swami vivekananda

Answer: D. swami vivekananda 63. “ Religion is realization; not talk, not doctrine, nor theories “—whose words. A. vivekananda,

B. ram mohan roy,

C. gandhi,

D. tagore

Answer: A. vivekananda, 64. ————– ways of realization accepted by Vivekananda A. 3 ways,

B. 5 ways,

C. 4 ways,

D. 2 ways

Answer: C. 4 ways, 65. Vivekananda’s philosophy commonly known as—A. dvaita vedanta,

B. vishistadvaita vedanta, C. practical vedanta,

D. none-of-these

Answer: C. practical vedanta, 66. Bhakti-Yoga means realization through A. action,

B. knowledge,

C. yoga,

D. devotion

C. mental realization,

D. none-of-these

C. christianity,

D. islam

C. karma yogi,

D. jnanayogi

Answer: D. devotion 67. The aim of Bhaktiyoga A. physical realization,

B. spiritual realization,

Answer: B. spiritual realization, 68. By religion Vivekananda means A. universal religion,

B. hindu religion,

Answer: A. universal religion, 69. The active who wants to work is known as A. bhaktiyogi,

B. raja yogi,

183

Answer: C. karma yogi, 70. —————- follow the path of Raja Yoga A. worker,

B. emotional man,

C. mystic,

D. philosopher

Answer: C. mystic, 71. Those who follow the path of intellect to know the truth is known as A. karma yoga,

B. jnanayoga

C. bhaktiyoga,

D. raja yoga

C. 4-noble truths,

D. 4-yogas

C. bhaktimarga,

D. jnanamarga

C. emotion and desire,

D. none-of-these

C. knowledge,

D. emotion

C. nivritti marga

D. none-of-these

C. aranyakas

D. end of the vedas

C. acceptance

D. pessimism

Answer: B. jnanayoga 72. Universal Religion is the composition of A. sadanachatushtayas,

B. trigunas,

Answer: D. 4-yogas 73. A karma yogi should practice —— A. kamyakarma,

B. nishkamakarma,

Answer: B. nishkamakarma, 74. Bhaktiyoga is the yoga of —— and ——– A. love and devotion,

B. love and desire,

Answer: A. love and devotion, 75. In Jnanayoga ‘Kshetrajna’ is A. body,

B. soul

Answer: B. soul 76. A Karma yogi should practice——– A. pravrtti marga

B. ashtangamarga

Answer: C. nivritti marga 77. ‘Vedanta’ literally means A. mantras

B. brahmanas

Answer: D. end of the vedas 78. The central idea of Vedanta is A. unity in variety

B. unity and tolerance

Answer: A. unity in variety 79. Vivekananda says Universal Religion must harmonize A. emotion

B. philosophy

C. wok and mysticism 184

D. all the above

Answer: D. all the above 80. —–who is known to the world as Swami Vivekanada A. vishwanath data

B. narendranath

C. narendra bhattacharya D. none-of-these

Answer: B. narendranath 81. Vivekananda was born in A. calcutta,

B. bombay

C. delhi

D. punjab

C. 1887

D. 1884

Answer: A. calcutta, 82. In which year SreeRamaKrishana died A. 1886

B. 1885

Answer: A. 1886 83. The Parliament of world Religion was held at Chicago in A. 1892

B. 1890

C. 1893

D. 1894

Answer: C. 1893 84. How many days Swami Vivekananda meditated on the rock of Kanyakumari A. 3-days

B. 2-days

C. 4-days

D. 5-days

Answer: A. 3-days 85. Swami Vivekananda delivered lecture on Raja yoga, and Jnana yoga in A. washington

B. canada

C. chicago

D. new york

C. gandhiji

D. tagore

Answer: D. new york 86. Who established Ramakrishna Mission A. vivekananda

B. aurobindo

Answer: A. vivekananda 87. In which year Government of India decided to observe the birthday of Swamiji as the National Youth Day. A. 1980

B. 1910

C. 1984

D. 1985

Answer: C. 1984 88. Who is the master in Sister Nivedhida’s book “The master As I saw Him” A. sreeramakrishn

B. vivekananda

C. brahmananda shivayogi

185

D. samkaracharya

Answer: B. vivekananda 89. In which year Ramakrishnashram at Belur founded A. 1899

B. 1897

C. 1989

D. 1870

C. sister nirmala

D. none-of-these

Answer: A. 1899 90. Miss Margaret Noble later known as A. sister nivedita

B. sister devamata

Answer: A. sister nivedita 91. Which society established by Swami Vivekananda in New York A. ramakrishna mission B. advaita mission

C. vedanta society

D. advaita ashram

Answer: C. vedanta society 92. When did Swami Vivekananda take ‘Mahasamadhi’ A. 4th july-1902

B. 4th july-1903

C. 2nd auguhst-1900

D. 12th january 1863

C. washington

D. canada

C. bhakti yoga

D. raja yoga

Answer: A. 4th july-1902 93. Where was Parliament of world Religion held A. chicago

B. newyork

Answer: A. chicago 94. Self-abnegation is the secret of ——– A. jnana yoga

B. karma yoga

Answer: B. karma yoga 95. According to Swami Vivekananda, the genuine search after the God is known as A. karma yoga

B. jnanayoga

C. bhaktiyoga

D. raja yoga

Answer: C. bhaktiyoga 96. Vivekananda accepted Humanitarian concepts from ——— A. jainism

B. christianity

C. islam

D. buddhism

Answer: D. buddhism 97. ——describes the true nature of man as Soul-Force or Atman A. aurobindo

B. vivekananda

C. radhakrishnan

D. tagore

Answer: B. vivekananda 98. Who was known as the Father of Kerala Renaissance ? A. sreenarayana guru

B. chattambiswamikal

C. vagbhatanandan 186

D. ayyavaikunda

Answer: A. sreenarayana guru 99. Name of Sreenarayana Guru’s father? A. vykundaswamikal

B. madanasan

C. nataraja guru

D. none of the above

Answer: B. madanasan 100. Atmopadeshasatakam was written by ——————— A. gandhiji

B. k

C. bhattacharya (c) sreenarayana guru

D.

tagore

Answer: C. bhattacharya (c) sreenarayana guru 101. Who gave the message of “one cast, one Religion, one God for Man? A. sreenarayana guru,

B. dayananda saraswathi, C. aurobindo,

D. vivekananda

Answer: A. sreenarayana guru, 102. SreeNarayana Guru installed a sivalingam at _____________. A. varkala

B. aruvipuram

C. chempazhanthi

D. guruvayur

Answer: B. aruvipuram 103. Who proposed three essential steps for social progress namely organization, education and industrial development. A. vevekananda

B. sree narayana guru

C. aurobindo

D. chatambiswamikal

Answer: B. sree narayana guru 104. Who raised the inspiring exhortation of get freedom through education. A. gandhii

B. vivekananda

C. narayanaguru

D. none of the above

Answer: C. narayanaguru 105. In which year Sri Narayana guru held an All religion conference at Advaitasram Aluva? A. 1924

B. 1920

C. 1928

D. 1923

Answer: A. 1924 106. In which year Sree Narayana Guru Consecrated Aruvipuram sivalinga prathishta? A. 1888

B. 1886

C. 1903

D. none of the above

Answer: A. 1888 107. Who was the author of the work “Daivadasakam”? A. vevekananda

B. sree narayana guru

C. kumarashan

187

D. aurobindo

Answer: B. sree narayana guru 108. Sree Narayana Guru passed away in 1928 at the age of __________. A. 74

B. 65

C. 75

D. 98

Answer: A. 74 109. Which was the last temple to be consecrated by Sri Narayana Guru A. aruvippuram

B. varkala

C. kalavankode

D. chempazhanthi

Answer: C. kalavankode 110. Who said ‘there is no use for caste’. It curtails man’s freedom,destroys his intelligence A. narayana guru

B. vivekananda

C. gandhi

D. none of these

Answer: A. narayana guru 111. Who held the consecration of an ezhava temple? A. aurobindo

B. narayana guru

C. vivekananda

D. none of these

Answer: B. narayana guru 112. When was Sree Narayana guru proclaimed the message “one caste one religion one god to humanity”. A. 1930

B. 1921

C. 1926

D. 1923

Answer: B. 1921 113. Which philosophy was followed by Sri Narayana Guru? A. advaita

B. dvaita

C. visistadvaita

D. all above

Answer: A. advaita 114. “Jatibhedam mathadvesham ethumillathe sarvarum”-this was inscribed by Sree Narayana guru in which temple? A. aruvippuram

B. guruvayur

C. varkala

D. none of the above

Answer: A. aruvippuram 115. Who said “ God the supreme being is Dharma” A. sankara

B. ramanuja

C. narayana guru

D. vivekanada

C. kelappan

D. none of these

Answer: C. narayana guru 116. Whose famous work is “Arivu” A. narayana gru

B. chatampi swamikal

Answer: A. narayana gru 188

117. Who was the author of the work Jathi Lakshna A. narayana guru

B. vivekananda

C. gandhiji

D. sri aurobindo

Answer: C. gandhiji 118. Advaita Deepika is the famous work of ……………….? A. k.c.bhattacharya

B. s.radhakrishnan

C. narayanaguru

D. none of these

Answer: A. k.c.bhattacharya 119. In which year Sree Narayana Guru proclaimed one cast, one religion, one god to humanity A. 1927

B. 1925

C. 1924

D. 1920

Answer: C. 1924 120. In which year was Sree Narayana Guru attained Samadi A. 1927

B. 1926

C. 1928

D. 1924

Answer: C. 1928 121. The place in which Sree Narayana Guru attained Samadi A. sivagiri

B. kollam

C. chempzhanthi

D. guruvayur

Answer: A. sivagiri 122. When was SreeNarayana guru established Advaitashram in Aluva………. A. 1924

B. 1900

C. 1925

D. 1928

C. kollam

D. sivagiri

Answer: A. 1924 123. Asia’s first religious conference was held in—– A. aluva

B. guruvayur

Answer: A. aluva 124. When was Rabindra Nath Tagore met Sree Narayana Guru A. 1920

B. 1922

C. 1925

D. 1928

Answer: B. 1922 125. The First malayalee who appeared in Postal stamp A. g.sankarakkuruppu

B. kumaranashan

C. sreenarayanaguru

D. chattambiswamikal

Answer: C. sreenarayanaguru 126. Where was Gandhi and Sree Narayana Guru met ? A. sivagiri

B. guruvayur

C. aluva

189

D. alappuzha

Answer: A. sivagiri 127. In which year Gandhiji met Sree Narayana Guru A. 1924

B. 1925

C. 1927

D. 1928

C. sivagiri

D. none of these

Answer: A. 1924 128. The birth place of Sreenarayana Guru was at A. aruvikkara,

B. . chempazhanthi,

Answer: B. . chempazhanthi, 129. Atmopadesha Satakam’ was written by———–. A. sree narayana guru

B. chattambi swamikal

C. kumaranasan

D. dr.palpu

C. 1903

D. 1900

Answer: A. sree narayana guru 130. In which year SNDP Yogam was founded A. 1905

B. 1904

Answer: C. 1903 131. Who was the author of the Book ‘Daivadasakam’ A. tagore

B. gandhiji

C. radhakrishnana

D. narayana guru

C. acceptance of caste

D. none of these

C. kollam

D. chempazhanthi

Answer: D. narayana guru 132. Jati-Lakshna literally means A. critique of caste

B. definition of caste

Answer: B. definition of caste 133. The first Ezhava Temple installed by Guru at A. aruvippuram

B. varkala

Answer: A. aruvippuram 134. Howmany chapters are there in his famous work ‘Darsanamala’ A. 12

B. 11

C. 10

D. 100

Answer: C. 10 135. Narayana Guru’s famous work Advaita-Deepika literally means A. the lamp of non-duality

B. consciousness

self instruction

Answer: A. the lamp of non-duality

190

C. verses on god D.

136. In his famous work Jati-Nirnayam Guru enquires A. caste system

B. definition of caste

C. meaninglessness of caste system D. none of

the above

Answer: C. meaninglessness of caste system 137. ‘One caste,One Religion,One God to Humanity’ appears in NarayanaGuru’s work A. jat-lakshnanm

B. jati-nirnayam

C. daivadasakam

D.

atmopadeshasatakam

Answer: B. jati-nirnayam 138. One Hundred Verses of Self-instruction is otherwise known as A. daivadasakam

B. atmopadesashatakam C. advaita-deepika

D. darsanamala

Answer: B. atmopadesashatakam 139. SreeNarayana Guru’s work Darsanamala is termed as A. garland of visions of the absolute of non duality

B. hundred verses of self-instruction C. the lamp

D. none of the above

Answer: A. garland of visions of the absolute 140. Who said there is no use for caste. It curtails man’s freedom,destroys his intellegince A. ambedker

B. kumaraswamy

C. narayana guru

D. tagore

Answer: C. narayana guru 141. ‘A cow has the traits of a cow, so human beings caste is humanism’ who said this A. tagore

B. gandhiji

C. radhakrishnana

D. narayana guru

Answer: D. narayana guru 142. Whose famous word was ‘Be strengthen with Organization’ A. gandhiji

B. vivekananda

C. radhakrishnan

D. narayana guru

Answer: D. narayana guru 143. Don’t speak caste, ask caste and think caste. Who said this? A. radhakrishnan

B. ambedker

C. narayana guru

D. none of these

C. chaitanya swami

D. chaitanya yati

Answer: C. narayana guru 144. Who was the first disciple of Narayana Gure A. sivalinga swami

B. bodhnanda swami

191

Answer: A. sivalinga swami 145. In which temple Guru consecrated Mirror inscribed with ‘AUM’ A. kolavamkodam

B. sivagiri

C. chempzhanthi

D. varkala

Answer: A. kolavamkodam 146. When was SreeNarayana Guru installed Mirror in a temple near Cherthala A. 1927

B. 1928

C. 1925

D. 1920

Answer: A. 1927 147. Where was SreeNarayana Guru built temple for SharadaDevi A. sivagiri

B. varkala

C. kollam

D. trivandrum

C. 1890

D. 1870

C. jnanayoga

D. bhaktiyoga

C. sri aurobindo

D. narayanaguru

C. raja yoga

D. purnayoga

C. bliss

D. all of the above

Answer: A. sivagiri 148. When was Sri Aurobindo born? A. 1872

B. 1873

Answer: A. 1872 149. Sri Aurobindo’s philosophy I known as A. karma yoga

B. integral yoga

Answer: B. integral yoga 150. The Life Divine was written by A. dr.s.radhakrishnan

B. tagore

Answer: C. sri aurobindo 151. Sri Arobindo’s Yoga is otherwise known as A. hatayoga

B. karma yoga

Answer: D. purnayoga 152. Sri Aurobindo’s concept of Absolute is A. existence

B. consciousness

Answer: D. all of the above 153. Whose concept was Supermind A. vivekananda

B. k

C. bhattacharya c) dr. s.radhakrishnan

sri aurobindo

Answer: D. sri aurobindo 154. According to Sri Aurobindo , the transformation from Inconsciousness to knowledge is 192

D.

known as A. psychic change

B. spiritual change

C. supramental change

D. none of these

Answer: B. spiritual change 155. According to Sri Aurobindo ,the progress from Life to Mind is completed A. mind descends into life into psyche,

B. mind descends into matter C. mind descends

D. none of these.

Answer: A. mind descends into life 156. According to Sri Aurobindo ,the term Gnostic Being mean A. man of knowledge

B. man of ignorance

C. man of avidya

D. none of these

Answer: A. man of knowledge 157. According to Sri Aurobindo ,the Gnostic being is governed by the power of A. morality

B. rationality

C. spirituality

D. none of the above

Answer: C. spirituality 158. According to Sri Aurobindo Evolution presupposes A. involution

B. illusion

C. maya

D. none of these

Answer: A. involution 159. According to Sri Aurobindo ,the process of Ascend through Descend means A. consciousness

B. integration

C. existence

D. bliss

Answer: B. integration 160. Creation according to Sri.Aurobindo is nothing but an A. expression of sorrow B. expression of nothingness

C. expression of joy

D. none of these

Answer: C. expression of joy 161. According to Sri Aurobindo ,Which is the root of birth, the cause of remaining in existence and that into which creation ceases A. brahman

B. delight /ananda

C. ignorance

D. maya

Answer: B. delight /ananda 162. The goal of Evolution or ultimate destiny according to Sri Aurobindo is A. death

B. divine life

C. joy

193

D. none of the above

Answer: B. divine life 163. According to Sri Aurobindo , the Delight of world process in relation to the Saccidananda is called A. maya

B. adhyasa

C. lila

D. prakriti

Answer: C. lila 164. According to Sri Aurobindo, the realm of reality has been divided into two hemispheres are——- and ——– A. higher &lower

B. north&south

C. upper&lower

D. none of the above.

Answer: A. higher &lower 165. According to Sri Aurobindo Evolution is possible only because ——has already taken place A. destruction

B. god

C. involution

D. none of the above

Answer: C. involution 166. Evolutionary growth according to Sri Aurobindo is a A. four fold process

B. triple process

C. two fold process

D. none of the above

Answer: B. triple process 167. According to Sri Aurobindo ,the Triple process of Evolutionary growth involves a process of A. widening, heightening,and integration

B. widening ,heightening, destruction

widening,heightening ,combination

D. widening ,heightening, differentiation

C.

Answer: A. widening, heightening,and integration 168. According to Sri Aurobindo ,the most important character of Evolutionary process is A. widening

B. heightening

C. integration

D. combination

Answer: C. integration 169. Integration in the philosophy of Sri Aurobindo means A. enlargement

B. ascent through descent C. explanation

D. none of the above

Answer: B. ascent through descent 170. The difference between Mind and Supermind, according to Sri Aurobindo , consists in the difference between their

194

A. manner of apprehending the reality

B. appearance

C. structures

D.

none of the above

Answer: A. manner of apprehending the reality 171. The Supermind is described by Sri Aurobindo by calling it A. omnipotent omniscient omnipresent

B. superconscious entity C. creator,the real

idea,and the supreme truth consciousness

D. none of the above

Answer: C. creator,the real idea,and the supreme truth consciousness 172. According to Sri Aurobindo ,Which of the following belong to Lower Hemisphere A. matter life mind psyche supermind

B. matter,life ,mind ,supermind

C. mind,

D. matter

Answer: A. matter life mind psyche 173. According to Sri Aurobindo, the Triune principle of Saccidananda is A. existence,consciousness,bliss ,supermind

B. matter,life,mind

C. psyche,mind

C. destruction

D. construction

C. construction

D. destruction

C. rationalist

D. empirisist

C. 5th dec-1955

D. 4th dec-1950

D. none of the above

Answer: A. existence,consciousness,bliss 174. Ascent according to Sri Aurobindo means A. evolution

B. involution

Answer: A. evolution 175. According to Sri Aurobindo, Involution means A. ascent

B. descent

Answer: B. descent 176. .Sri Aurobindo is an ——philosopher A. idealist

B. existentialist

Answer: A. idealist 177. Sri Aurobino died on A. 5th dec-1950,

B. 5th nov-1951,

Answer: A. 5th dec-1950, 178. According to Sri Aurobindo Mind is the Subordinate power of A. supermind

B. life

C. psyche

195

D. matter

Answer: A. supermind 179. In creation there is two fold principle of Unity and Multiplicity’—–according to A. s.radhakrishnan

B. sri.aurobindo

C. swamivivekananda

D. m.k .gandhi

Answer: B. sri.aurobindo 180. According to Sri Aurobindo ,Which of the following belong to Higherhemisphere? A. existence, consciousness-force, bliss, supermind, B. mind, psyche, life ,matter C. existence,mind,psyche,supermind

D. existence,bliss,supermind, mind

Answer: A. existence, consciousness-force, bliss, supermind, 181. According to Sri Aurobindo ,——- is the expression of reality viewed from the point of creation A. cords of being

B. consciousness

C. existence

D. none of the above

C. hydrabad

D. none of the above

Answer: A. cords of being 182. Sri Aurobindo founded Ashram at—— A. pondichery,

B. madras,

Answer: A. pondichery, 183. Sri. Aurobindo claims that his Yoga is Integral or ——A. synthetic

B. analytic

C. descriptive

D. none of the above

Answer: A. synthetic 184. The guiding principle of Sri Aurobindo’s metaphysics is A. reconciliation

B. renunciation

C. self-abnegation

D. none of these

C. swami vivekananda

D. s.radgakrishnan

Answer: A. reconciliation 185. Who accepted Eight Cords of Being A. pathanjali

B. sri aurobindo

Answer: B. sri aurobindo 186. According to Sri Aurobindo Yoga means Union with the Divine. This union is A. transcendental

B. cosmic

C. individual

D. all the three

together

Answer: D. all the three together 187. Sri Aurobindo describes creation as the plunge of the Spirit into—– A. ignorance,

B. maya

C. adhyasa, 196

D. non existence

Answer: A. ignorance, 188. According to Sri Aurobindo ,.—— is the power that creates the world A. maya,

B. nothingness

C. avidhya

D. god

Answer: A. maya, 189. According to Sri Aurobindo ,Maya created this world for the sake of—— A. sorrow

B. joy

C. unhappiness

D. destruction

Answer: B. joy 190. Who was the Author of the work ‘The Integral Theory of Evolution’ A. sri.aurobindo

B. k

C. bhattacharya c)swami vivekananda

D.

none of the above

Answer: A. sri.aurobindo 191. How many kinds of ignorance are mentioned by Sri Aurobindo A. three

B. five

C. six

D. seven

Answer: D. seven 192. Theories of Existence accepted by Sri Aurobindo are A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

Answer: D. four 193. The most integral theory of ethics in contemporary indian thought has been presented A. tagore

B. m.k. gandhi

C. sri aurobindo

D. s. radhakrishnan

Answer: C. sri aurobindo 194. The philosophy of Sri Aurobindo is described as — A. purna-advaita

B. visista-advaita

C. dvaita

D. advaita

Answer: A. purna-advaita 195. According to Sri Aurobindo , —–is the root principle of creation A. cit

B. psyche

C. matter

D. existence

C. 1894

D. , 1869

Answer: A. cit 196. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on A. 1896

B. 1897,

197

Answer: A. 1896 197. At which place was Gandhiji born? A. porbandar

B. ahmedabad

C. delhi

D. ahmedabad

Answer: A. porbandar 198. What was Gandhiji’s age when he got married to Kasturbai? A. 19 years

B. 15 years

C. 12 years

D. 13 years

Answer: D. 13 years 199. About how old was Gandhiji when he reached London to become a barrister? A. 19 years

B. 20 years

C. 18 years

D. 21 year

C. eldest child

D. youngest child

Answer: A. 19 years 200. Devdas was Gandhiji’s A. only child

B. second child

Answer: D. youngest child 201. Gandhiji, the votary of nonviolence was shot dead on January 30, 1948 at Birla House, New Delhi, shortly after 5 p.m. while going to the prayer meeting. Which was that fateful day of the week? A. monday

B. wednesday

C. friday

D. saturday

Answer: C. friday 202. At which place was Gandhiji arrested for the first time by the British Government for sedition? A. bombay

B. pune

C. calcutta

D. ahmedabad

Answer: D. ahmedabad 203. On which day of March 1930 Gandhiji started with a band of chosen volunteers on his famous Dandi March to break the law by manufacturing illegally, but openly, salt from the sea? A. tenth

B. thirteenth

C. eleventh

D. tweltth

C. march 10, 1935

D. march 7, 1937

Answer: D. tweltth 204. When was the Gandhi – Irwin Pact signed? A. march 1, 1932

B. march 5, 1931

198

Answer: B. march 5, 1931 205. On being arrested for his “Quit India” programme, where was Gandhiji detained? A. yeravda jail

B. byculla prison

C. agakhan palace jail

D. ahmedabad prison

Answer: D. ahmedabad prison 206. The book “Unto This Last” greatly captivated and transformed Gandhiji. So much so that he translated it into Gujarati. Who was its author? A. leo tolstoy

B. john ruskin

C. louis fisher

D. ruskin bond

Answer: B. john ruskin 207. Which of the following, according to Gandhiji, is an essential principle of satyagraha? A. infinite capacity for suffering

B. non violence

C. truth

D. all the

three

Answer: D. all the three 208. Gandhiji’s “The Story of My Experiments with Truth” was originally written in Gujarati. Who translated it into English? A. maganlal gandhi

B. sushila nayyar

C. pyarelalji

D. mahadev desai

Answer: D. mahadev desai 209. Which one of the following books is the work of Gandhiji? A. light of india

B. hind swaraj

C. my experiments with truth D. both (b) & (c

Answer: D. both (b) & (c 210. According to Gandhi Satyagraha is A. weapon of the weak

B. weapon of the peace wanted people

morally vigilant and the active

C. weapon of the

D. weapon of the kinds

Answer: C. weapon of the morally vigilant and the active 211. Which among the following is not a quality of a Styagrahi mentioned by Gandhi A. a satyagrahi must honest and sincere

B. a satyagrahi must be open minded C. a

satyagrahi must be a disciplined soldier

D. a satyagrahi must follow the five vows.

Answer: D. a satyagrahi must follow the five vows. 212. In February 1933 Gandhiji started the publication of a weekly paper, Harijan, to promote the anti – untouchability campaign. Its first issue was out on February 11, 1933 from ——

199

——— A. bombay

B. ahmedabad

C. poona

D. nasik

Answer: C. poona 213. What did Gandhiji mean by “Swaraj”? A. freedom for the country C. self government

B. freedom for the meanest of the countrymen D. complete independence

Answer: B. freedom for the meanest of the countrymen 214. When did Gandhiji take the vow of brahmacharya or celibacy of life? A. 1900

B. 1906

C. 1905

D. 1911

Answer: B. 1906 215. When did Gandhiji get his head shaved, discard his clothes and settle for a loin cloth? A. 1930

B. 1925

C. 1921

D. 1930

Answer: B. 1925 216. Who worked a Private Secretary to Mahatma Gandhi? A. sushila nayyar

B. mahadev desai

C. kishorilal mashruwalla D. pyarelalji

Answer: B. mahadev desai 217. Who in South Africa gave Gandhiji ‘Unto This Last’ to read which proved to be one of the most decisive books of his life? A. john holmes haynes

B. h s polak

C. hermann kallenbach

D. louis fischer

Answer: B. h s polak 218. To put the ideas of ‘Unto This Last’ into practice, Gandhiji founded the Phoenix Settlement near Durban which came into being in the middle of the year A. 1903

B. 1906

C. 1904

D. 1905

Answer: C. 1904 219. Ahimsa in its positive form means —–,greatest charity A. selflessness

B. fearlessness

C. largest love

D. none of these

Answer: C. largest love 220. The historic August session of the All-India Congress Committee, at which the Quit India Resolution was passed, was held at Gowali Park in __________________. A. bombay

B. calcutta

C. ahmedabad 200

D. amritsar

Answer: A. bombay 221. Gandhiji accorded very high priority to communal harmony in his programme of actions. At which place did he undertake his last fast for it on January 13, 1948? A. nasik

B. delhi

C. calcutta

D. bombay

Answer: B. delhi 222. Which of the following did Gandhiji describes as his two lungs? A. ahimsa and peace

B. truth and peace

C. brahamcharya and aparigriha

D. ahimsa

and truth

Answer: D. ahimsa and truth 223. — is the Supreme Good according to Gandhi A. morality

B. ahimsa

C. god

D. none of these

C. shop-keeper

D. tehsildar

Answer: C. god 224. What was the profession of Gandhiji’s father? A. farmer

B. diwan

Answer: B. diwan 225. How many children did Putlibai have? A. two sons and daughters sons

B. one daughter and three sons

C. four

D. three sons

Answer: B. one daughter and three sons 226. What was Gandhiji’s nickname in childhood? A. monu

B. manu or moniya

C. sonu

D. mahu

Answer: B. manu or moniya 227. Which spelling did Gandhiji spell wrong as a child when the school inspector gave dictation to the class? A. school

B. kettle

C. uniform

D. umbrella

Answer: B. kettle 228. Where did Gandhiji receive his primary education? A. sudampuri

B. rajkot

C. porbander

201

D. bikaner

Answer: B. rajkot 229. Which mythological character impressed Gandhiji for life when he saw a play on his life? A. harishchandra

B. ashoka

C. vikramaditya

D. krishna

Answer: A. harishchandra 230. In which year did Gandhiji pass his matriculation in England ? A. 1892

B. 1890

C. 1891

D. 1889

Answer: B. 1890 231. What were the vows taken up by Gandhiji before he left for England? A. none of the above

B. not to eat meat

C. not to eye other women

D. all the above

Answer: D. all the above 232. Which institution did Gandhiji join as a member during his stay in England? A. vegetarian society

B. cricket club

C. church of england

D. film institution

Answer: A. vegetarian society 233. International Non-Violence Day is Celebrated on——-? A. dec-2

B. oct-2

C. nov-2

D. oct-3

C. spirituality

D. none of these

C. b.g.thilak

D. aurobindo

Answer: B. oct-2 234. By Hinduism Gandhiji means—A. universal religion

B. hindu religion

Answer: A. universal religion 235. Who called Gandhiji as ‘Mahatma’? A. tagore

B. nehru

Answer: A. tagore 236. Gandhian concept of religion is essentially —–? A. spiritual

B. skeptical

C. material

D. supernatural

Answer: A. spiritual 237. According to Gandhi ‘Ramarajya’ s the state based on A. truth

B. non-co-operation

C. civil disobedience

D. non of the above

Answer: A. truth 238. Who said that “life without Brahmacharya is insipid and animal like” A. tagore

B. vivekananda

C. s.radhakrishnan 202

D. gandhiji

Answer: D. gandhiji 239. ———— is the last weapon of sathyagraha. A. civil disobedience

B. non-violence

C. trusteeship

D. fasting

C. 5

D. 4

C. religious

D. none-of these

C. celebacy

D. none-of these

C. man

D. none-of these

Answer: D. fasting 240. Howmany vows accepted by Gandhi? A. 12

B. 11

Answer: B. 11 241. Sathyagraha is a———- weapon? A. political

B. economical

Answer: B. economical 242. Sathyagraha is based upon the principle A. ahimsa

B. trusteeship

Answer: A. ahimsa 243. Truth is otherwise known as A. god

B. freedom

Answer: A. god 244. Which term Gandhi first used instead of Sathyagraha—— A. sadhana

B. sadhagraha

C. duragraha

D. none-of these

Answer: B. sadhagraha 245. The basic philosophical position of S.Radhakrishnan is a synthesis of —— and —— A. advaita vedanta & absolute idealism &humanism

B. advaita vedanta &realism C. advaita vedanta

D. none of these

Answer: A. advaita vedanta & absolute idealism 246. S. Radhakrishnan’s philosophy is known as—– A. monistic idealism

B. monistic realism

C. subjective idealism

D. pragmatism

Answer: A. monistic idealism 247. ——— conceived Reality as “pure consciousness ,pure freedom and infinite possibility” A. sankaracharya

B. swami vivekananda

C. dr.s .radhakrishnan

Answer: C. dr.s .radhakrishnan

203

D. none of these

248. According to S. Radhakrishnan ——- is the moral Governor of this universe A. god

B. consciousness

C. joy

D. mind

Answer: A. god 249. Which among the following is not possible source of knowledge according to Radhakrishnan? A. sense-experience

B. implication

C. intellectual cognition D. intuitive

apprehension

Answer: B. implication 250. According to S. Radhakrishnan ,the whole as a whole must be grasped by —–alone A. intellect

B. intuition

C. sense-experience

D. implication

Answer: B. intuition 251. Through ——–According to Radhakrishnan , the general principle of life and logic and the basic assumptions of science are all known A. intuition

B. intellect

C. perception

D. inference

Answer: B. intellect 252. According to S. Radhakrishnan ,the main tool of Intellectual cognition is—— A. synthesis

B. senses

C. analysis

D. none of the above

Answer: A. synthesis 253. According to S. Radhakrishnan ————-is conceived as the Supreme mind A. mind

B. god

C. self

D. consciousness

Answer: B. god 254. According to Dr.S.Radhakrishnan, there are – –possible sources of knowledge A. three

B. four

C. five

D. six

Answer: A. three 255. According to S. Radhakrishnan ,Synthesis is the main tool of —— A. intellectual cognition B. intuition

C. experimentation

D. none of these.

Answer: A. intellectual cognition 256. The function of intellect according to Radhakrishnan is A. analysis

B. synthesis

C. memory

204

D. none of the above

Answer: B. synthesis 257. According to S. Radhakrishnan ,Intuition grasped —A. the whole as a whole B. whole as part

C. part as whole

D. none of these

Answer: A. the whole as a whole 258. ______ is the basic philosophical position of S.Radhakrishnan A. advaita

B. idealism

C. advaita vedanta and absolute idealism

none of these

Answer: C. advaita vedanta and absolute idealism 259. The Absolute is conceived by Radhakrishnan as A. pure consciousness ,pure freedom and infinite possibility

B. pure existence

,consciousness, bliss

D. none of these

C. pure thought,reason,emotion

Answer: A. pure consciousness ,pure freedom and infinite possibility 260. According to Radhakrishnan the general principles of life and logic and the basic assumptions of sciences are all known through A. reason

B. intellect

C. spirit

D. mind

Answer: B. intellect 261. Dr. S .Radhakrishnan’s birth day is celebrated as A. fathers day

B. teachers day

C. youth day

D. none of these

C. hyderabad

D. none of these

Answer: B. teachers day 262. Where was S. Radhakrishnan born? A. tiruttani,

B. mangalore

Answer: A. tiruttani, 263. The ultimate human destiny according to S. Radhakrishnan is A. sarvamukti

B. jeevan mukti

C. videha mukti

D. none of these

Answer: A. sarvamukti 264. According to S. Radhakrishnan ,Sarvamukti means— A. universal redumption B. to die

C. to sacrifice all luxury

D. none of these

Answer: A. universal redumption 265. Who was known as the First Philosopher President of India A. dr. rajendra prasad

B. r.venkittaraman

C. dr. s. radhakrishnan 205

D. none of these

D.

Answer: C. dr. s. radhakrishnan 266. According to S. Radhakrishnan ——is the state in which one is able to realize one’s true nature A. moksa

B. religious experience

C. freedom

D. bhakti

Answer: B. religious experience 267. Who is known as the bridge- builder between the East and the West A. s.radhakrishnan

B. m.k. gandhi

C. sri aurobindo

D. k.c. bhattacharya

Answer: A. s.radhakrishnan 268. The philosophy of S. Radhakrishnan can be described as A. monistic idealism

B. idealism

C. monism

D. absolutism

Answer: A. monistic idealism 269. An Idealist View of Life is a famous work of —– A. sri aurobindo

B. m.k.gandhi

C. dr.s.radhakrishnan

D. tagore

Answer: C. dr.s.radhakrishnan 270. According to S. Radhakrishnan , Intuition is otherwise known as —– A. religious experience

B. empirical experience

C. emotional experience D. none of these

Answer: A. religious experience 271. Religion is not a creed or a code but an insight into reality according to—– A. sreenarayanaguru

B. s.radhakrishnan

C. swami vivekananda

D. none of these

Answer: B. s.radhakrishnan 272. According to S. Radhakrishnan —— alone is capable of making man to realize spirituality A. practical experience

B. religious experience

C. emotional experience D. none of the above.

Answer: B. religious experience 273. “Personally I use Intuition for integral experience” who said A. swami vivekananda

B. sri aurobindo

C. tagore

D. s. radhakrishnan

Answer: B. sri aurobindo 274. According to Radhakrishnan eastern tradition emphasis on—– A. creative intuition

B. critical intelligence

C. implication

D. analysis]

Answer: A. creative intuition 275. According to S. Radhakrishnan, Samanya Jnana or perfect knowledge is otherwise known 206

as—– A. intuition

B. perception

C. inference

D. intellect

Answer: A. intuition 276. By calling man a Spiritual being Dr.S. Radhakrishnan means that he is —A. self-conscious person B. self-disciplined person C. self-sufficient person D. none of the above

Answer: A. self-conscious person 277. According to S. Radhakrishnan , the knowledge obtained by the process of analysis and synthesis are —A. intuitive knowledge

B. intellectual cognition C. perceptual knowledge D. inferential

knowledge

Answer: B. intellectual cognition 278. “The ultimate Destiny is not individual redumption but Universal redumption” Who said this? A. s.radakrishnan

B. m.k.gandhi

C. tagor

D. sreenaarayanguru

Answer: A. s.radakrishnan 279. Philosophy is the criticism or interpretation of life according to —A. iqbal

B. m.n.roy

C. s.radhakrishnan

D. m.k. gandhi

Answer: C. s.radhakrishnan 280. According to S. Radhakrishnan , One’s philosophy of life is connected to one’s —– A. world view

B. experience

C. vision

D. none of these

Answer: A. world view 281. According to S. Radhakrishnan , the real destiny of Man lies in the unity between the —– and the —— A. real and the unreal

B. human and the divine C. matter and spirit

D. none of these

Answer: B. human and the divine 282. According to S. Radhakrishnan ,the liberated soul is known as A. videhamukta

B. jivan mukta

C. sarvamukta

D. moksa

Answer: B. jivan mukta 283. According to S. Radhakrishnan , ——- is at the centre of all human affairs A. physical force

B. mental force

C. the moral force. 207

D. none of these

Answer: C. the moral force. 284. According to Dr.S.Radhakrishnan all Philosophy must be a systematization of the expressions of—— A. mystic experience

B. sense experience

C. intellectual experience D. none of these

Answer: A. mystic experience 285. “So many civilizations have come, floated on the surface, disappeared again. What remains is humanity” who said A. dr.s.radhakrishnan

B. m.k. gandhi

C. sri aurobindi

D. iqbal

Answer: A. dr.s.radhakrishnan 286. World philosophy according to Dr.S. Radhakrishnan lays emphasis on A. analysis

B. creative intelligence

C. critical intelligence

D. none of these

Answer: C. critical intelligence 287. According to S. Radhakrishnan , Sense experience ,intellectual cognition and ——– are the three possible sources of knowledge. A. intuitive apprehention B. emotional apprehention apprehention

C. mental

D. none of these

Answer: A. intuitive apprehention 288. According to S. Radhakrishnan , Intellectual cognition is almost the same as —– A. conceptual knowledge B. perceptual knowledge C. empirical knowledge

D. none of these

Answer: A. conceptual knowledge 289. According to S. Radhakrishnan ———- is the direct realization of knowledge A. intellect

B. intuition

C. sense experience

D. emotion

Answer: B. intuition 290. According to S. Radhakrishnan , In —– the distintion between the knower and the known vanishes A. sense experience

B. intellectual cognition C. intuition

D. none of these

Answer: C. intuition 291. According to S. Radhakrishnan , the empirical world is the source of all kinds of —– and —— A. happiness and joy

B. sorrows and suffering C. pain and pleasure 208

D. none of these.

Answer: B. sorrows and suffering 292. According to S. Radhakrishnan , One of the most important character of the spiritual man is —A. karma

B. freedom

C. faith

D. re-birth

C. 1898

D. 1889

C. 1985

D. 1905

C. Humanistic

D. Orthodox

Answer: B. freedom 293. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan was born on —A. 1888

B. 1887

Answer: A. 1888 294. Dr. S. Radhakrishan was died on A. 1965

B. 1975

Answer: B. 1975 295. Contemporary Indian Philosophy is highly: A. Metaphysical

B. Pessimistic

Answer: C. Humanistic 296. Vivekananda describes the true nature of man as: A. Soul force

B. Material force

C. Matter

D. Psychological

Answer: A. Soul force 297. According to Vivekananda the presence of ———————- in the body distinguishes man from every other species and gives unique status. A. Mind

B. Brain-system

C. Nerve-system

D. None of these

Answer: B. Brain-system 298. According to Vivekananda the ———————-is apparent. A. Existence of Soul

B. Reality of Atman

C. Plurality of selves

D. Reality of

Answer: C. Plurality of selves 299. Vivekananda says that—————- is a necessary stage in the practice of Jnana Yoga. A. Cleanliness

B. Determination

C. Knowledge

D. Renunciation

Answer: D. Renunciation 300. Vivekananda argued that Bhakti-marga is the way of: A. Pure love

B. pure knowledge

C. Pure Ethics

Answer: A. Pure love 209

D. Pure Spiritualism

301. According to Vivekananda ———————– is the first stage of Bhakti – yoga. A. Prayer

B. External worship

C. Silent meditation

D. Feeling of oneness

Answer: B. External worship 302. Vivekananda says that ——————— is the most popular form of external worship. A. Mediation

B. Sacrifice

C. Yajna

D. Idol worship

Answer: D. Idol worship 303. Vivekananda seems to be very much impressed by Gita –ideal of: A. Liberation

B. Niskamakarma

C. pravrthi

D. Purusothama

C. Capitalist

D. Moderate

Answer: B. Niskamakarma 304. Vivekananda says that one must work like a : A. Master

B. Slave

Answer: A. Master 305. Which among the following is treated as the way to the realisation of immortality by controlling mind and body? A. Karma Yoga

B. Jnana Yoga

C. Bhakthi Yoga

D. Raja Yoga

C. Realisation

D. Propaganda

Answer: D. Raja Yoga 306. Vivekananda says religion is: A. Doctrine

B. Theory

Answer: C. Realisation 307. Who is the proponent of Radical Humanism? A. M. N. Roy

B. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan C. Tagore

D. Sri Arurobndo

Answer: A. M. N. Roy 308. M.N. Roy integrated Radicalism with: A. Spiritualism

B. Scientific Humanism C. Positivism

D. Materialism

Answer: B. Scientific Humanism 309. Roy asserts that ————————is the new solution for the problems of human kind. A. Parliamentary system B. Marxism

C. New Materialism

210

D. New Humanism

Answer: D. New Humanism 310. Theory of Radical Humanism is: A. Spiritualism

B. Materialism

C. Individual freedom

D. Collective ego

C. Sri. Aurobindo

D. Gandhiji

C. Ethics of Absolute

D. Ethics of

Answer: C. Individual freedom 311. Who said ‘individual is prior to society’? A. Vivekananda

B. M.N. Roy

Answer: B. M.N. Roy 312. M.N. Roy’s position of ethics is called as: A. Ethics of freedom

B. Ethics of Unity

Answer: A. Ethics of freedom 313. Which one is treated as magnum opus of M. N. Roy? A. Radical Humanism

B. Humanist Manifesto

C. Humanism

D. New

Answer: D. New 314. According to Aurobindo Realty is essentially one but creation depends upon the two fold principle of : A. Unity and multiplicity B. Brahman and Atman C. Jiva and Atma

Answer: A. Unity and multiplicity 315. In Aurobindo’s opinion principle of ——————- occupies in the lower hemisphere of creation. A. Bliss

B. Existence

C. Mind

D. Consciousness-

force

Answer: C. Mind 316. In Aurobindo’s opinion principle of ——————- occupies in the higher hemisphere of creation. A. Mind

B. Bliss

C. Psyche

D. Life

C. Existence

D. God

Answer: B. Bliss 317. Aurobindo describes Reality as : A. Saccidananda

B. Super mind

211

Answer: A. Saccidananda 318. Aurobindo conceives creation as a : A. Multiple process

B. Triple Process

C. Double-process

D. None of these

Answer: C. Double-process 319. According to Aurobindo, evolution presupposes: A. Involution

B. Ascent

C. Creation

D. Transformation

C. Karma Yoga

D. Bhakti Yoga

C. Bhakti Yoga

D. Inner Yoga

C. Transformation

D. Dual

Answer: A. Involution 320. Integral Yoga is also called as: A. Raja Yoga

B. Purna Yoga

Answer: B. Purna Yoga 321. Sri. Aurobindo’s Yoga is also described as: A. Raja Yoga

B. External Yoga

Answer: D. Inner Yoga 322. Integral Yoga is a process of: A. Triple transformation B. Dual transformation

Answer: A. Triple transformation 323. Gandhi argues that, “the definition of ——————— gives me greatest satisfaction”. A. Truth is Ahimsa

B. God is Truth

C. Truth is God

D. God is Ultimate

Answer: C. Truth is God 324. According to Gandhi , ——————– is the means; Truth is the end. A. Ahimsa

B. Swadesi

C. Karma

D. Prayer

C. Inner force

D. Soul force

Answer: A. Ahimsa 325. Gandhiji says, Tolstoy called Satyagraha also: A. Truth force

B. Positive force

Answer: D. Soul force 326. Satyagrha has been described as method of —————- rather than a method of coercion. A. Spiritualisation

B. Reconciliation

C. Conversion

Answer: C. Conversion

212

D. Communion

327. Who among the following made a great influence upon Gandhi for his identification of Sarvodaya Ideal? A. Ruskin

B. Tolstoy

C. Thoreau

D. Rousseau

Answer: A. Ruskin 328. Which among the following is treated as a form of Satyagrha? A. Bread labour

B. Trusteeship

C. Swaraj

D. Disobedience

Answer: D. Disobedience 329. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan says that the scientific picture of man is a: A. False picture

B. Right picture

C. Shadow picture

D. Partial picture

Answer: A. False picture 330. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan describes bodily self as——————– aspect f man. A. Infinite

B. Finite

C. Determinate

D. Real

Answer: B. Finite 331. According to Dr. S. Radhakrishnan the finite aspect of man consists in his: A. Material body

B. Intuition

C. Intellect

D. Spirituality

Answer: D. Spirituality 332. According to Dr. S. Radhakrishnan ultimate human destiny is nothing but the realisation of: A. Self

B. Oneness

C. Intellect

D. Intuition

C. Self-explanatory

D. Self-satisfactory

Answer: B. Oneness 333. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan says that intuition is: A. Self-evident

B. Self-reliant

Answer: A. Self-evident

213

Indian Metaphysics Multiple Choice Questions 1. Indian philosophy takes an introspective approach to reality, concerning itself with knowledge of the inner life and the…………… A. reality

B. paravidya

C. darsana

D. atmavidya

Answer: D. atmavidya 2. ………is often accepted as the only method for knowing the ultimate truth. A. realty

B. pramanas

C. intuition

D. god

Answer: C. intuition 3. The muktikopanisad gives the number of the Upanisads as………… A. 180

B. 170

C. 108

D. 107

Answer: D. 107 4. The …………..was described in the hymns of Vedas as being One that realized itself in multiple things. A. ultimate reality

B. truth

C. self

D. absolute

Answer: A. ultimate reality 5. The two concepts that are of paramount importance in the Upanishads are ……………… and ……………. A. sat and asat

B. being and non- being C. truth and reality

D. brahman and

atman.

Answer: D. brahman and atman. 6. …………….is the material, efficient, formal and final cause of all that exist A. god

B. atman

C. brahman

D. iswara

Answer: C. brahman 7. The ………… means the inner self, the soul, the immortal spirit in an individual, and all living beings including animals and trees. A. god

B. atman

C. brahman

D. iswara

Answer: B. atman 8. According to Upanisad, “He, who is this …………. in man, and who is that the sun, those are one”. A. god

B. atman

C. brahman 214

D. iswara

Answer: C. brahman 9. In the Chandogya Upanishad, it is criptically described as ………… A. satjjalan

B. tajjalan.

C. ajjalan

D. absolute

Answer: B. tajjalan. 10. In the …………… Upanishad, Brahman is described as that from which all beings are born, by which they live, and into which they are reabsorbed. A. taittiriya

B. aitereya

C. chaddogya

D. mandukya

Answer: A. taittiriya 11. The real theory of evolution is given in the doctrine of five sheaths (koshas) the …………… Upanisad. A. taittiriya

B. aitereya

C. chaddogya

D. mandukya

C. annamaya

D. anandamaya

Answer: A. taittiriya 12. The third state of evolution is……………… A. pranamaya

B. manomya

Answer: B. manomya 13. In the ………… stage the empirical trinity of knower, known and knowledge has been fused into a transcendental unity. A. pranamaya

B. manomya

C. annamaya

D. anandamaya

Answer: D. anandamaya 14. According to Upanishads Brahman is to be understood as being of two kinds, namely, ……….. and …………. A. nitya and anitya

B. satya and nitya

C. para and apara

D. true and real

Answer: C. para and apara 15. The words Brahman and ………… are two aspects of the same entity, that is, impersonal and personal God. A. ishvara

B. atman

C. maya

D. adyasa

Answer: A. ishvara 16. …………. refers to ultimate reality that has qualities and impersonal God is the one that is devoid of attributes. A. ishvara

B. atman

C. maya 215

D. adyasa

Answer: A. ishvara 17. The ………..Brahman is the transcendental absolute, the Turiya or the fourth. A. cosmic

B. acosmic

C. real

D. true

Answer: B. acosmic 18. Upanishads rejected the ……………… theories of evolution. A. psychological

B. cosmological

C. deontological

D. materialistic

Answer: D. materialistic 19. ……… is the level of experience in which the mind constructs its own reality. A. prathibhasika

B. vyavaharika

C. paramarthika

D. turiya

Answer: A. prathibhasika 20. ……….is the level in which both jiva and Iswara are true. A. prathibhasika

B. vyavaharika

C. paramarthika

D. turiya.

Answer: B. vyavaharika 21. …………. is the state of experiencing that “which is absolutely real and into which both other reality levels can be resolved” A. prathibhasika

B. vyavaharika

C. paramarthik

D. turiya.

Answer: C. paramarthik 22. The word Jainism is derived from the word ‘Jina’ which means………….. A. warrior

B. compassionate

C. thirthankara

D. conqueror

Answer: D. conqueror 23. According to Jaina ………….. the universe is an uncreated entity that has always been in existence and shall always be there. A. theory

B. metaphiysics

C. ethics

D. epistemology

Answer: B. metaphiysics 24. The ……… metaphysics is a realistic and relativistic pluralism. A. jaina

B. samkhya

C. nyaya

D. vaisesika

Answer: A. jaina 25. The theory of ……………states that the ultimate truth and reality is complex and has multiple aspects. A. syadvada

B. anekantavada

C. apohavada 216

D. nayavada

Answer: B. anekantavada 26. According to the Jainas, ……………. and……………are regarded as separate and independent realities A. soul and matter

B. body and mind

C. space and time

D. matter and

Answer: D. matter and 27. ……………. is defined as that which possesses qualities and modes. School of Distance Education A. matter

B. space

C. substance

D. mind

Answer: C. substance 28. Substance and …………… are inseparable because the latter are the permanent essence of the substance and cannot remain without it. A. matter

B. attributes

C. space

D. mind

Answer: B. attributes 29. …………includes not only matter, but also space, motion, rest and time. Spirit, matter, motion, rest and space. A. ajiva

B. jiva

C. substance

D. quality

Answer: A. ajiva 30. ……….is generally the same as the Atman and is identified with life of which consciousness is said to be the essence. A. ajiva

B. jiva

C. substance

D. quality

Answer: B. jiva 31. In Jainism, the four categories of Dharma, Akasha and Pudgala are described as the …………………dravyas. A. asthikaya

B. anasthikaya

C. dharmastikaya

D. adharmastikaya

Answer: A. asthikaya 32. The ………….. souls are divided into two namely, mobile and immobile. A. liberated

B. absolute

C. bound

Answer: C. bound

217

D. infinite

33. The ……….souls are live in the atoms of earth, water, fire and air and in the vegetable kingdom and have only one sense, of touch. A. mobile

B. immobile

C. absolute

D. infinite

Answer: B. immobile 34. To the Jainas ……………..is regarded as the essence of the soul. A. life

B. being

C. conscious

D. consciousness

Answer: D. consciousness 35. The Purest consciousness is found in the emancipated souls where there is no shred of ………….. A. dharma

B. karma

C. artha

D. adharma

Answer: B. karma 36. Every soul can directly and immediately know everything if it is not obstructed by………… A. reality

B. duty

C. matter

D. truth

Answer: C. matter 37. The…………….. time makes continuity or duration possible and is infinite, one and indivisible. A. paramarthika

B. vyavaharika

C. paramarthika

D. infinite

Answer: A. paramarthika 38. The lokakasa contains all the worlds where life and movement are and at the summit of Lokäkäsha is …………. A. sadakatama

B. dharana

C. dharma

D. siddhashila

Answer: D. siddhashila 39. Dharma and Adharma are used in the technical sense of the conditions of ……………. and rest. A. movement

B. peace

C. merit

D. wisdom

Answer: C. merit 40. An ………… is supposed to be the smallest part of matter which cannot be further divided. A. substance

B. atom

C. infinite substance

D. idea

Answer: B. atom 41. According to Jainism …………. is regarded as a modification of matter. A. taste

B. touch

C. smell

Answer: D. sound 218

D. sound

42. ……………..is a path of practice and spiritual development leading to Insight into the true nature of reality. A. jainism

B. buddhism

C. nyaya

D. samkhya

Answer: B. buddhism 43. Buddhist practices like …………… are means of changing oneself in order to develop the qualities of awareness, kindness, and wisdom. A. meditations

B. concentrations

C. right thought

D. nirvana

Answer: A. meditations 44. After attaining enlightenment, Buddha phrased his belief on the nature of life in his ………….. A. meditations

B. teachings

C. four noble truths

D. nirvana

Answer: C. four noble truths 45. The Four Noble Truths are a contingency plan for dealing with the ………. of a physical kind, or of a mental nature. A. inelligece

B. suffering

C. absoluteness

D. infinitness

Answer: B. suffering 46. According to ………………, Everything in this world is conditional, relative, and, limited. A. jainism

B. buddhism

C. nyaya

D. samkhya

Answer: B. buddhism 47. When one has achieved ……………our worldly cycle of birth and rebirth, spiritual enlightenment has been reached. A. suffering

B. ignorence

C. buddha

D. nirvana

Answer: D. nirvana 48. The …………Noble Truth charts the method for attaining the end of suffering, known to Buddhists as the Noble Eightfold Path. A. first

B. second

C. third

D. fourth

Answer: D. fourth 49. The Noble Eight-Fold path is contained in the ………………Noble Truth. A. first

B. fourth

C. second

Answer: B. fourth

219

D. third

50. …………. turns from extremes, and encourages us to seek the simple approach. A. meditation

B. samadhi

C. eight fold path

D. four noble truth

Answer: C. eight fold path 51. The purpose of ……………. is to clear one’s path from confusion, misunderstanding, and deluded thinking. A. eight fold path

B. right speech

C. right action

D. right view

Answer: D. right view 52. ……………… means persistence and a passion for the journey. A. right speech

B. right intent

C. right action

D. right thought

Answer: B. right intent 53. ……………..involves recognition of the truth, an awareness of the impact of idle gossip and of repeating rumors. A. right speech

B. right intent

C. right action

D. right thought

Answer: A. right speech 54. …………recognizes the need to take the ethical approach in life, to consider others and the world we live in. A. right speech

B. right intent

C. right action

D. right thought

Answer: C. right action 55. …………….. encompasses the five precepts of not to kill, steal, lie, to avoid sexual misconduct, and not to take drugs or other intoxicants. A. right speech

B. right intent

C. right thought

D. right action

Answer: D. right action 56. …………… means cultivating an enthusiasm, a positive attitude in a balanced way. A. right effort

B. right intent

C. right thought

D. right speech

Answer: A. right effort 57. The doctrine of …………….is contained in the Second Noble Truth. A. suffering

B. dependent origination C. nirvana

220

D. sunyatha

Answer: B. dependent origination 58. Pratityasamutpada, viewed from the point of view of relativity is………….. A. nirvana

B. suffering

C. samsara

D. samadhi

Answer: C. samsara 59. Pratityasamutpada, viewed from the point of view of reality is…………….. A. nirvana

B. suffering

C. samsara

D. samadhi

Answer: A. nirvana 60. The doctrine the Middle Path or Madhyama pratipat avoids both ………………and nihilism. A. infinite

B. etemalism

C. externalism

D. experimentalism

Answer: B. etemalism 61. According to Buddha, “He who sees the Pratityasamutpada sees the Dharma, and he who sees the Dharma sees the ……………..”. A. truth

B. sat

C. buddha

D. pratityasamutpada

Answer: D. pratityasamutpada 62. According to Buddha ………………. is the root-cause of all suffering. A. desire

B. ignorance

C. delusion

D. maya

Answer: B. ignorance 63. An analysis of the twelve links shows their ………………… significance. A. philosophical

B. biological

C. ethical

D. psychological

Answer: D. psychological 64. Kapila is regarded as the Father of ..………….. in the history of mankind. A. cosmology

B. teleology

C. ontology

D. deontology

Answer: A. cosmology 65. Samkhya is …………… as it considers both matter and spirit are equally real. A. spiritual

B. realism

C. idealism

D. materialism

Answer: C. idealism 66. According to Samkhya, the efficient cause of the world is ……………….. A. prakrti

B. god

C. sat 221

D. purusha

Answer: D. purusha 67. Samkhya holds that…………. evolves for the sake of the Purusha. A. mahat

B. ahankara

C. mind

D. prakrti

Answer: D. prakrti 68. The evolution of Prakrti is subservient to the ends of the ………., experience and liberation. A. ahankara

B. mahat

C. purusa

D. ignorence

Answer: C. purusa 69. According to Samkhya, …………… is the root-cause of the world of objects. A. ahankara

B. prakrti

C. mahat

D. purusa

Answer: B. prakrti 70. Since the first principle of the universe, Prakrti is called the…………… A. pradhāna

B. jada.

C. nirukta

D. savicara

Answer: A. pradhāna 71. As the unconscious and unintelligent principle, Prakrti is called the…………. A. pradhāna

B. jada.

C. nirukta

D. savicara

Answer: B. jada. 72. …………….. is composed of three essential characteristics. A. ahankara

B. prakrti

C. mahat

D. purusa

C. happiness

D. good

Answer: B. prakrti 73. Sattva is concerned with ………………. A. anger

B. pain

Answer: C. happiness 74. ………………… is associated with ego, mind and intelligence. A. satva

B. rajas

C. tamas

D. mind

Answer: A. satva 75. ………………. is concerned with the actions of objects. A. satva

B. rajas

C. tamas 222

D. mind

Answer: B. rajas 76. ……………… is neither produced nor does it produce. A. ahankara

B. prakrti

C. purusa

D. mahat

Answer: C. purusa 77. Samkhya believes that the ……………..cannot be regarded as the source of inanimate world. A. prakrti

B. purusa

C. mahat

D. god

Answer: B. purusa 78. According to Samkhya…………… is not a substance which possesses the quality of Consciousness. A. purusa

B. prakrti

C. god

D. isvara

Answer: A. purusa 79. The self is the foundation, the fundamental postulate of all empirical knowledge. This is………………… proof of Purusa. A. logical

B. ontological

C. ethical

D. teleological

Answer: B. ontological 80. All objects of the world have the characteristics of producing pleasure, pain and bewilderment. A. logical

B. ontological

C. ethical

D. teleological

Answer: C. ethical 81. The dynamism of Prakrti is attributed to its constituent ……………… A. dravyas

B. gunas

C. karmas

D. essences

Answer: B. gunas 82. During the state of dissolution of the world, the gunas change ……………. A. parallel

B. ontologically

C. heterogeneously

D. homogeneously

Answer: D. homogeneously 83. ………………. changes do not affect the state of equilibrium in the Prakriti. A. parallel

B. ontological

C. heterogeneous

D. homogeneous

Answer: D. homogeneous 84. ……………….. changes involve radical interaction among the three gunas. A. parallel

B. ontological

C. heterogeneous

Answer: C. heterogeneous 223

D. homogeneous

85. The evolutionary process is initiated by the……………… guna of Prakrti. A. satva

B. rajas

C. tamas

D. mahat

C. ahankara

D. mahat

Answer: B. rajas 86. Prakriti is first transformed into …………… A. satva

B. rajas

Answer: D. mahat 87. The sankhya recognizes …………principles of reality including the Purusa. A. twenty five

B. twenty four

C. twenty six

D. none of these

Answer: A. twenty five 88. Literally the word …………… means ‘end of the Vedas’. A. advaita

B. daita

C. vedanta

D. visistadvaita

Answer: C. vedanta 89. ……………..relies on three textual sources called the Prasthanatraya. A. advaita

B. daita

C. vedanta

D. visistadvaita

Answer: C. vedanta 90. The Prasthanatrayas are Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita and the……………. A. brhadaranyaka

B. brahma sutras

C. gita-bhasya

D. none of these

Answer: B. brahma sutras 91. An illusionary power of Brahman called…………… causes the world to arise. A. adhyasa

B. khyati

C. mithya

D. maya

Answer: D. maya 92. According to …………. Brahman is asserted to have attributes, including individual conscious souls and matter. A. advaita

B. daita

C. vedanta

D. visistadvaita

C. vallabha

D. nimbarka

Answer: D. visistadvaita 93. Dvaita School was propounded by ………….. A. madhva

B. ramanuja.

Answer: A. madhva 94. Dvata school advocates …………….as the route to liberation. A. karma

B. jnana

C. bhakti 224

D. yoga

Answer: C. bhakti 95. Dvaitādvaita School was propounded by…………….. A. madhva

B. ramanuja.

C. vallabha

D. nimbarka

Answer: D. nimbarka 96. Who defines a body as that which is controlled, supported and utilized for its purposes by a sou? A. sankara

B. ramanuja.

C. vallabha

D. nimbarka

Answer: A. sankara 97. According to ………………differences have separate existence and constitute the unique nature of things. A. madhva

B. ramanuja.

C. vallabha

Answer: A. madhva

225

D. nimbarka

Asian Philosophy Multiple Choice Questions 1. Sun Yat Sen argues that, ‘it is easy to act, but difficult to—————A. say

B. think

C. know

D. explain

Answer: C. know 2. Mao Tes Tung in his ——————advocated the synthesis of theory and practice in revolutionary behaviour. A. ‘on practice’

B. ‘book of changes’

C. . ‘yi jing’

D. none of these

Answer: A. ‘on practice’ 3. Mao Tes Tung in his ‘On Practice’ advocated the synthesis of —————in revolutionary behaviour A. knowledge and theory B. knowledge and life

C. theory and practice

D. theory and law

Answer: C. theory and practice 4. In Arabic philosophy active intellect is often described as : A. ethical entity

B. material entity

C. psychological entity

D. transcendent

immaterial entity

Answer: D. transcendent immaterial entity 5. Al-Frabi accepts that, the immediate notion of beauty is visual and more closely related to the————–. A. imagination

B. reason

C. intuition

D. sensations

Answer: D. sensations 6. Who accepts that, the immediate notion of beauty is visual and more closely related to the sensations? A. al- frabi

B. avicenna

C. averroes

D. al-gazel

Answer: A. al- frabi 7. According to Al- Frabi, —————is the most perfect thing. A. love

B. soul

C. god

D. nature

C. ‘the powerful god’

D. ‘the absolute’

Answer: C. god 8. “Ahura Mazda literally means: A. ‘the wise lord’

B. ‘the perfect god’

Answer: A. ‘the wise lord’ 226

9. Ahura Mazda the term is created for referring the God by: A. zoroaster

B. buddha

C. al-farabi

D. confucius

C. protector

D. good creator

C. evil

D. none of these

Answer: A. zoroaster 10. Ahura Mazda represent : A. all mighty

B. personified god

Answer: D. good creator 11. Ahriman represent the: A. soul

B. goodness

Answer: C. evil 12. According to Zoroastrianism, —————is the source of all good in the world. A. rahiman

B. ahirman

C. ahriman

D. ohrmazd

Answer: D. ohrmazd 13. Who argues that, the rational soul is indestructible since it is simple and so cannot break up into parts? A. al- frabi

B. avicenna

C. averroes

D. al-gazel

Answer: B. avicenna 14. Avicenna argues that, the rational soul is —————— A. constuctable

B. diminishable

C. destructible

D. indestructible

Answer: D. indestructible 15. Who argues that, there is no need for God to bring us back to life in the next world after we have died in this world? A. al- frabi

B. avicenna

C. averroes

D. al-gazel

B. bright

C. dark

D. none of these

B. shade

C. dark

D. dullness

Answer: C. averroes 16. Yin represents: A. light

Answer: C. dark 17. Yang represents: A. light

Answer: A. light

227

18. Tao is the origin and the principle of : A. soul

B. matter

C. being

D. experience

Answer: C. being 19. In Taoism————- is considered as is both all beings and all possible beings. A. yin

B. yang

C. wu

D. tao

Answer: D. tao 20. According to Neo Confucianism —– is the principle describes the mode of being of everything possible. A. qi

B. li

C. wu

D. tao

Answer: B. li 21. According to Neo Confucianism —– is the principle which brings some of the possible things into actuality. A. qi

B. li

C. wu

D. tao

C. laozi

D. hakuin ekaku

Answer: A. qi 22. Who is called as Master Kong? A. confucius

B. kukai

Answer: A. confucius 23. ‘The ruler has the sanction of Heaven if he is righteous, and it has been taken away from him if he behaves badly’. Who proposed this view? A. confucius

B. kukai

C. laozi

D. hakuin ekaku

Answer: A. confucius 24. ———— treated as the well written book of Confucius. A. ‘on practice’

B. ‘book of changes’

C. spring and autumn annals D. ’yi jing’

Answer: C. spring and autumn annals 25. According to Mao Zedong, ——-is the only constant phenomenon in this universe. A. soul

B. matter

C. permanence

D. change

Answer: D. change 26. Which book helped Mao Zedong to make the idea that, change is the only constant phenomenon in this universe? A. ‘on practice’

B. ‘book of changes’

C. on theory’ 228

D. ‘thus capital’

Answer: B. ‘book of changes’ 27. Koan means: A. puzzles

B. analogies

C. parables

D. similes

Answer: A. puzzles 28. In Zen Buddhisn which sect advocated the use of koan in referring a sudden enlightenment? A. sot

B. b. tendai

C. rinzai

D. shingon

Answer: C. rinzai 29. According to Confucius, li is a combination of—————–. A. power and knowledge B. justice and wisdom

C. morality and etiquette D. right and courage

Answer: C. morality and etiquette 30. According to Confucius, li means:. A. excellent

B. wisdom

C. justice

D. propriety

C. master kong

D. old master

Answer: D. propriety 31. Laozi or Lao Tzu is also known as : A. divine master

B. divine kong

Answer: D. old master 32. ‘Do not do unto others what you would not want others to do you’ – this slogan is also known as : A. the golden rule of confucianism of zen

B. the golden rule of taoism C. the golden rule

D. the golden rule of zoroastrianism

Answer: A. the golden rule of confucianism 33. ‘In order to establish myself, I establish others: in order to enlarge myself, I enlarge others’- this principle is propounded by: A. confucius

B. kukai

C. laozi

D. hakuin ekaku

Answer: A. confucius 34. Rejection of the notion of gentleman by high birth is considered as the most revolutionary aspects of : A. confucius.

B. laozi

C. mao

Answer: A. confucius. 229

D. kukai

35. Hadith means: A. saying of the prophet B. saying of the master

C. saying of the leader

D. saying of the god

Answer: A. saying of the prophet 36. Which school of Japan preached the doctrine of Three Truths? A. tendai

B. jodo

C. shingon

D. zen

Answer: A. tendai 37. Which are the three truths emphasised in Tendai tradition? A. the emptiness, the temporary and the middle

B. the emptiness, the action and the permanent

C. the emptiness, the temporary and the permanent D. none of these

Answer: A. the emptiness, the temporary and the middle 38. Ikhwan al-Safa can be translates as: A. brethren of divine

B. brethren of soul

C. brethren of purity

D. brethren of god

C. ontology

D. theology

C. japanese philosophy

D. zoroastrian

C. laozi

D. eisai

Answer: C. brethren of purity 39. In Islamic tradition kalam means; A. philosophy

B. ethics

Answer: D. theology 40. Pure Land movement is related with: A. chinese philosophy

B. arabic philosophy

philosophy

Answer: C. japanese philosophy 41. Rinzai Zen was introduced by : A. confucius

B. kukai

Answer: D. eisai 42. Rinzai Zen advocated the principle of —————— enlightenment. A. sudden

B. gradual

C. slow

D. calm

Answer: A. sudden 43. ——————– is the most important Confucianist emphasised Confucius’ philosophy of benevolence. A. xunzi

B. mencius

C. mao

Answer: B. mencius 230

D. dogen

44. ————— is the central concept of ‘Dao de jing’. A. li and ren

B. fa and de

C. yin and yang

D. none of these

Answer: C. yin and yang 45. According to Zoroastrian philosophy, death enters the world with : A. sprit

B. rahiman

C. evil

D. angra mainyu

Answer: D. angra mainyu 46. According to Zoroastrian philosophy Angra Mainyu means: A. perfect god

B. good creator

C. evil spirit

D. good protector

Answer: C. evil spirit 47. Who is considered as the best of earliest logician from Arab world? A. al- frabi

B. avicenna

C. averroes

D. al-gazel

C. abusalim

D. iban sina

Answer: A. al- frabi 48. Al- Farabi is also known as : A. iban rushd

B. abunaser

Answer: B. abunaser 49. Who holds full Arabic translation of world classics and their major Hellenistic commentaries on the traditional time? A. al kindi

B. averroes

C. al frabi

D. matta lbin

Answer: C. al frabi 50. Much of the responsibility for the separation between Islamic theology and philosophy may be attributed to: A. al kindi

B. averroes

C. matta lbin

D. al frabi

Answer: D. al frabi 51. “ Principles of the views of the Citizen of the Best State” is written by: A. al kindi

B. averroes

C. al frabi

D. matta lbin

Answer: C. al frabi 52. Al Frabi’s ‘ Principles of the views of the Citizen of the Best State’ give an Islamic coloration to: A. aristotelian teachings B. platonic teachings

C. cartesian teachings

Answer: B. platonic teachings

231

D. buddhist teachings

53. —————— called as ‘Philosopher of the Arabs’. A. al kindi

B. averroes

C. al frabi

D. matta lbin

Answer: A. al kindi 54. —————- is not a book written by Avicenna. A. galenic canon

B. shiffa

C. qanun tibb

D. on first philosophy

C. laozi

D. hakuin ekaku

Answer: D. on first philosophy 55. Who is the founder of Jodo Shinhu? A. shinran

B. kukai

Answer: A. shinran 56. ———————- was the national religion of the ancient Iran. A. sufism

B. islam

C. zoroastrianism

D. shintoism

C. zarathustra

D. gathas

C. ganas

D. aviras

Answer: C. zoroastrianism 57. ———– is the prophet of Zoroastrianism. A. zoratha

B. ahura mazda

Answer: C. zarathustra 58. Zoroaster’s hymns to Ahura Mazda is called: A. geethas

B. gathas

Answer: B. gathas 59. The Japanese Philosopher Dogen discusses action in the term of———A. yi

B. le

C. dharma

D. none of these

C. . active agent

D. none of these

B. freedom

C. liberation

D. experience

B. sudden meditation

C. seated meditation

D. none of these

Answer: C. dharma 60. Arabic al-aql-al-fa means: A. agent intellect

B. intellect

Answer: A. agent intellect 61. “Al-aql’ means: A. reason

Answer: A. reason 62. Zazen means: A. meditation

Answer: C. seated meditation 232

233