Home Defense 101: A Detailed Analysis of Floor Plans to Help You Prepare For and Defend Against A Home Invasion

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HOME DEFENSE 101

Table of Contents Protecting From Home Invasion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 First Line of Defense – Awareness Training & Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Are the Fight Genetics Present? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Mental Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mindset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Psychology of Criminal Predators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Condition White (Unaware of Surroundings) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Condition Yellow (Aware of Surroundings) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Condition Orange (Evaluating a Potential Problem) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Condition Red (Action! Deal With the Problem) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fight, Flight, or Freeze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . When the Sheepdog Uses Violence to Protect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5

Second Line of Defense – Avoidance & Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Burglar Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preparing a Safe Room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Third Line of Defense – 911 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Tactics for Using a Safe Room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 A Gun in the Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Fourth Line of Defense – Force & Violence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

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HOME DEFENSE 101

Protecting From Home Invasion

“The wolves feed on the sheep without mercy.” Does any law-abiding person want to be a sheep or a wolf? We don’t have to be either. There is a third option: The sheepdog. In Lt. Colonel Grossman’s view, the sheepdog protects the sheep from the wolves. Police officers are sheepdogs, although we cannot expect them to always be there to protect us. Our friends and neighbors who own guns and have obtained concealed weapons permits may be sheepdogs. They are often cited by violent criminals as the people with whom they least want to meet.

Introduction

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woman is alone in her house. It is in a nice neighborhood, and it is the middle of the day. The doorbell rings, and she opens the door. She sees a girl—maybe fourteen years old —sobbing, and in obvious distress, her face buried in her hands. “Can I help you, Honey? What’s wrong?” She moves closer to the girl to comfort her. In one well-practiced movement the girl pushes the woman violently against the door frame, extracts a razor blade from under her tongue and presses it against the woman’s throat. “Don’t move,” the girl snarls and adds an expletive. A moment later, five other teenage girls appear. They force the woman back into her house, close the door and beat her up. They ransack her house and then leave as quickly as they arrived.

Establish the mindset now to not allow a sociopathic thug to destroy what has taken a lifetime to build. Determine to not allow any criminal to hurt loved ones. Decide that the home will not be breached by miscreants who would take what is not theirs or hurt those who look to the home as shelter from the world outside.

The dictionary defines a home invasion as a, “Burglary of a dwelling while the residents are at home” Homeowners, if they survive, call it their worst nightmare. While individual home invasions are varied, a typical incident starts with one or more violent intruders forcing their way into a home while it is occupied. They use force to threaten and intimidate the occupants into handing over their valuables, and then hopefully leave. This scenario is about as gentle as it gets. Far worse incidents involve assault, rape and murder. Why, when so many homes now have security alarm systems and are fairly secure in terms of double glazed windows and neighborhood watch, have home invasions increased in number and spread across the country from both coasts? Possibly the single most relevant reason is the prevalence of those sophisticated security alarm systems! In the old days, criminals wanting to steal property from a house would wait until the home was empty or the occupants were asleep. As it became increasingly likely they would have to defeat an alarm system, burglars switched to stealing from homes while the family is at home, which is the one time they could almost guarantee that the alarm system would be turned off. Also many vehicles are now equipped with car alarms so car thieves often find it easier to drag a motorist out of his car and steal it (while the alarm is off) than try to defeat a sophisticated alarm system. This is called carjacking. The real threat in a home invasion has nothing to do with the loss of a laptop, an SUV, or a diamond ring. It has to do with loss of life, serious injury, rape, and the attendant emotional issues that many survivors, and those close to them, have to deal with for the rest of their lives. It doesn’t have to be this way. No one has to live life as a timid sheep hoping that a predator won’t pick them for his next meal. To paraphrase Lt. Colonel Dave Grossman’s writings on sheep, wolves, and sheepdogs: The term sheep is not meant to be derogatory. It simply describes “kind, decent people who are not capable of hurting each other, except by accident or under extreme provocation.” Wolves on the other hand, are the bad guys.

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First Line of Defense – Awareness Training & Development

taken the time to reach down into their inner self to discover the gene. Most people do not know it is there, and that is the problem. Many people who owned guns, practiced martial arts, enjoyed lots of strenuous physical activities like football, hiking or swimming have had the means to defend themselves and win a fight but they did not have the right mindset. They had not discovered the gene within themselves that, when they are provoked, screams, “No I’m not going let you do that horrible thing to me!” It is a gene that provokes an anger response and indignation with the mindset of how dare you try to rob, rape or murder me.

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ome invasion itself is not classified as a crime. People who use a home invasion to gain access to a dwelling are charged with the crimes they commit as part of the home invasion. Crime statistics for home invasions are not tracked by law enforcement. This makes it difficult to determine the extent of the problem. Statistics may be good for something but if one happens to be unfortunate enough to become a victim of a home invasion, then the statistic is 100 percent.

A Mental Exercise Pick three people: a friend, a co-worker, a relative, perhaps. Picture each person in a situation where he is in a life or death encounter with someone who has broken into his home and clearly intends to do him great bodily harm. Does he do nothing? Does he try to talk his way out of the problem? Does he fight and lose? Does he fight and win? Take some time, and be honest.

Are the Fight Genetics Present?

Probably each persona was evaluated on his determination, his ability to recognize danger, and whether or not they deny to himself that he is in a potentially life threatening situation. Perhaps he is known well enough that it is easy to determine if he would fight or not. Maybe it was difficult to judge how each one would react. Hopefully realization is starting to build in what is meant by “the gene.” It is the programming to drive the body to fight and win when needed. It is the gene that is kept in a little red box on the wall of the psyche. On the door of that imaginary red box are written the imaginary words, “In emergency, break glass.” Now look in the mirror and do the exercise this time applying it to one’s self. Sometimes, when a person has his first real-life fight in self-defense, someone who knows them, and who is also schooled in the art of self-defense may say “they have the gene.” It is an affirmation that the person has the wherewithal, the fighting spirit, to defend themselves from a physical assault. It is not intellectual. It is animal. It is emotional. In most people it stays well hidden most of the time. In some people it stays hidden a person’s entire life even if they die at the hand of another. Some live in denial thinking it will not happen to them. Secretly, we all know it can. Next time a news story is read about a murder, consider if that victim ever said it. Consider if that victim might still be alive if he accepted the fact that it could happen to him and then took steps to prevent it from happening.

One can live in a fortress, and be surrounded with weapons, but if there is no mental resolve to fight when it is absolutely necessary, there will be no victory. To have this resolve, first look inside to find the gene. The author John Steinbeck said it best, “This is the law: The purpose of fighting is to win. There is no possible victory in defense. The sword is more important than the shield and skill is more important than either. The final weapon is the brain. All else is supplemental.”

Mindset When are we going to talk about gadgets and fancy door locks? Would good locks have helped the woman in the introduction? No, not unless she had a mindset that is based upon awareness and prevention. And as long as criminals have cars, there is no such thing as a safe neighborhood. So let’s work on developing the correct mindset to be able to deal with crimes like home invasions.

Self-defense is a built-in right. Watch a rabbit fight to escape after it has been cornered by a fox. No one says that rabbit should know he’s supposed to be lunch for the fox. No, there is a part that cheers for the rabbit if he breaks free and escapes. If a fish escapes off a fisherman’s hook, no one says how that fish should have known he is supposed to let himself be reeled into the boat. Why should we be any different?

The Psychology of Criminal Predators A natural reaction for many people who are swiftly and viciously attacked is to question their attacker’s motive. “Why are you doing this to me? I don’t deserve this! I did nothing to you.” Criminals do not think the same way normal people do. Many criminals find the only control they have over anything in their lives is when they are assaulting someone they perceive to be weak and easily

People allow terrible things to happen to them every day. Why? Because they do not have the programming to fight back. Something prevents them from defending themselves as surely as if they were being held down by ten strong men. They have not

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controlled. They revel in this feeling of power over another person.

The woman in the introduction started her day in condition white. Assuming her house was locked and secure, this would be okay. But when the doorbell rang, she should have immediately moved into condition yellow. She would then look through a window to see who is outside. On seeing the teenage girl, whom she did not recognize and wasn’t expecting, she would have moved up to condition orange. She could have questioned the girl through the locked door, but instead she opened it and ran straight into a very bad situation.

Is it likely that one could reason with a person like this and deny them the pleasure they have eagerly anticipated for so long? Not likely. The first part of developing the correct mindset is to not live in denial. Recognize that bad people exist and that there is a good chance of running into one or more of them at almost any time. Next, consciously make the decision that the criminal will not prevail if there is an encounter. Handing over cash to avoid being shot is not failing to prevail. Prevailing is coming out the end of a violent encounter with all intended victims unscathed.

From young children to grandparents, everyone must have some understanding that it can be dangerous to allow access to a stranger without first verifying if they have a legitimate reason to enter the house. Young children should be instructed to never open the door unless an adult is right there with them. Older people who grew up in an age may need some additional coaching on always being aware of their surroundings.

The correct mindset begins with being aware of one’s surroundings. The easiest way to learn and remember the fundamentals of being aware of your surroundings is to learn Colonel Jeff Cooper’s color code system of awareness. Ships and aircraft invariably have a radar system aboard that is running the whole time the vessel is moving. The radar constantly scans a 360 radius around the ship or plane, and signals when something is approaching the vessel. At first it is just a blip. What the blip is isn’t known but nevertheless something is out there. The color code system of awareness relies upon our own radar system being active the whole time we are going about daily activities.

It is not enough to be aware of who is knocking on the door. Be aware of everything and do not give information to strangers on purpose or accidentally. Do not leave jewelry or other valuables lying around when the delivery guy or the repairman walks in. It is not smart to let strangers know about valuables. Sometimes people whose job takes them into a lot of homes will sell information to burglars and other criminals. For a price, criminals can find out anything they desire. It takes practice to become fully aware of one’s surroundings at all times, but there are some things that can be done to improve awareness. Focus on what is being done. Don’t allow preoccupation with ten different things at the same time. If walking from the car to the bank, don’t talk on a cell phone and don’t think about what needs to be done after going to the bank. Focus on walking to the bank. Look around. Is anyone acting suspiciously? If a couple of guys wearing masks and carrying shotguns approach the bank, perhaps this is a good time to be somewhere else. In general, women have excellent instincts. They can tell when their child is lying to them, when their husband is having an affair, or when they are walking into danger. The problem is that they often choose to ignore those instincts. That is when they get into trouble. If something feels wrong, it probably is.

Condition White (Unaware of Surroundings) This is when one is not aware of the surroundings. It is being physically or mentally asleep or feeling as if it is a safe place where one can relax without paying attention to what is going on. Someone could sneak up and yell “Boo!” before it would even be known that someone was there. The radar is switched off.

Condition Yellow (Aware of Surroundings) The radar is running. As one goes about his business, walking along the street, driving, making breakfast, taking out the garbage, a part of the mind is processing sights and sounds, filtering out the normal things and trying to focus on what is not normal. This is the state of mind that everyone should be in for the entire day until back in a safe place where it is safer to relax and go into condition white.

Condition Orange (Evaluating a Potential Problem)

At home, when some quiet time is needed to concentrate on something specific, make a point of locking the doors and windows, generally securing the home. Now relax and go into condition white, secure in the knowledge that the home is as safe as it can be reasonably made.

A blip just showed up on the radar. It is not yet known what is exactly is yet, so some special attention will be given to it until it either goes away or there is a need to take some course of action to deal with it. Perhaps footsteps are heard coming up quickly from behind. Is it a friend or someone who wants to do harm? If it is friend, and therefore not a threat, go back to condition yellow. If it is a bad guy creeping up, then go to the highest condition of awareness which is red.

Fight, Flight, or Freeze Now that we have covered the mental part which is proper mindset, we need to discuss the internal changes that the human body undergoes when it is subjected to severe stress, confusion and terror. Sometimes, we hear about a swimmer who is attacked by a shark. The swimmer, terrified of the shark, punches it in the eye until it breaks off the attack. This is the fight reaction.

Condition Red (Action! Deal With the Problem) This is when a threat has been identified and action needs to be taken to neutralize the threat condition. Run away, defend, swerve the car to avoid hitting the child that stepped off the sidewalk into the path of your vehicle. Physical action is required to protect from harm.

A man steps out into the street without first looking for traffic. He hears the horn as a cement truck speeds towards him, too close to

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stop in time. The man leaps back onto the sidewalk as the truck speeds by. With no conscious effort on the man’s part, his body has reacted to the threat of being killed by dumping large amounts of adrenaline into his system which causes it to go into a state of biological hyperalertness. His heart rate and blood pressure go up, his muscles tense, his pupils dilate. His body prepares to either fight or run away. He jumps out of the path of the truck, quite possibly with little or no conscious thought. This is the flight reaction. If the body pumps no adrenalin into the system it can cause the body to freeze. A Navy SEAL told of his experience in Vietnam. He and another SEAL were moving slowly through a graveyard when a large force of enemy soldiers arrived in front of them. They had to go back the way they had come to avoid the enemy. He couldn’t move. He knew what he had to do, but his body would not respond. This is the freeze reaction. Happily, after a few moments of motivational thought, he was able to move. He overcame the temporary physical reaction of his body that seemed beyond his control for a few moments.

When the Sheepdog Uses Violence to Protect In the military warriors kill people and break things. Their primary role is to act offensively, rather than defensively. They will often travel to dangerous places in organized units in order to wage war. On the other hand, for those of us who are acting as individuals, trained and armed for our own protection, we only get involved in a fight when we or a loved one are directly threatened, and when there is no other recourse, such as running away. It is likely we will fight alone. We defend our own bodies. If there is time, we will offer a stern verbal warning to dissuade a potential attacker from coming any closer. If the attacker retreats and we consider the threat to have subsided, we will continue with our business. We won’t initiate or escalate to a violent situation if we do not need to. Certainly soldiers, and to some extent police officers, have to behave as warriors in an offensive role, whether it is attacking a military enemy, or deciding to raid a crack house, these are overt, premeditated acts of aggression. Armed citizens, on the other hand would be arrested for doing that. Our role is to react to a clearly defined and identified threat or criminal act of aggression and to break off our aggressive response when the threat is no longer there.

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Second Line of Defense – Avoidance & Preparation

Sliding glass patio doors are not very secure. They can be lifted off the track, or simply smashed in with a heavy object like that concrete garden gnome Aunt Betty bought as a housewarming gift. Some better-quality sliding doors cannot be lifted out of the track when they are locked. Perhaps there is a need to upgrade the door or consider replacing it altogether with a conventional exterior door and good quality deadbolt locks.

Home Preparation

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he best locks in the world won’t fully protect anyone, because one day, someone will forget or simply not bother to use them. Murphy’s Law dictates it will be the day when the

The other alternative is to have a professional installer put a thin layer of clear plastic security film on the inside of the glass. This material is designed to stop the glass in a window shattering into thousands of razor sharp shards if struck or if a bomb explodes outside the window. It works very well to stop a burglar from breaking through. This is not the usual laminate found in a local hardware store. This security film is a much tougher polycarbonate film backed with a really tough adhesive that is intended to stop the glass shattering, and hold it together when a burglar hits it with a baseball bat.

home is invaded. Stout doors and strong locks only work if they are actually used. Criminals will test defenses to find a weak point, and they will only give up if they stand to lose more than they stand to gain. Take time to prepare the home to resist a criminal incursion. Like an onion, home security should be comprised of multiple layers of resistance. The job is not to catch criminals (although that may happen as a result of defensive actions). The real job is to make gaining access to the home so difficult and frustrating that a criminal will give up and go somewhere else. A criminal may penetrate the first layer of security, but the second layer will be much tougher. The third layer is even tougher. All of this is for the purpose to get him to give up and go somewhere else.

We saw from our case study at the beginning of this report that home invaders can be juveniles. Would it be a surprise to learn that children as young as five years old have been led or coerced by adults into breaking into homes? Keeping that in mind, do not forget that narrow window over the back door. It may be too small for an adult to squeeze through, but it is no problem to lift a five-year old up to it and let them wriggle through and then open the door for an adult. That dog or cat flap in the kitchen door may mean that you don’t have to get out of bed to let a pet in, but it may be large enough for a small child to enter and then unlock the door.

Study the home as if looking through the eyes of a burglar or a violent criminal who wants to gain access. Are there open doors and windows? Can upstairs windows be reached? Are there places such as a garage, shed or large bushes where a criminal could hide and ambush someone? In an apartment, how is access gained to the inside of the building? Could someone simply ring the bell and wait for an upstairs neighbor to buzz them in? Determine how easy or hard it would be to break into one’s own home. Make a list of things that need to be fixed. How about a bathroom window that doesn’t lock properly, the cheap lock on the door that doesn’t fit very well into the door frame, that neighbor who leaves the front hall door ajar. Do this same exercise at night. Is the exterior lighting sufficient? Are there shadowy corners where someone could hide and ambush someone as a key is put into the lock?

Lighting is another important issue. Cockroaches scatter when a bright light hits them. Violent criminals may not be quite so cooperative, but they certainly don’t like to work in well illuminated areas if they have a choice. Let’s look first at exterior lighting. Lighting over the front door should shine down onto visitors so that they can be identified before opening the door. It should also shine a little into their eyes so that when an occupant of the home is standing in the doorway he becomes just a silhouette. If a bad guy cannot see in detail when the door is opened, he cannot tell if the person answering the door is holding a weapon. Interior lighting is also important. If going away, put several lights throughout the home on electric timers that are programmed to turn lights on and off from time to time. To the observer, it appears that the home is occupied. Do not forget to vary the lights and the time they come on and go off, in order to produce a random pattern to make it look as if someone is home. Use a timer to turn on the bathroom light for a few minutes once or twice during the night. Do the same kind of thing with a radio or TV.

Locks should be good quality dead bolts made from case-hardened steel. The bolt should extend 1 1/2 inches into the door frame when it is locked. Add some three inch screws through the door frame and into the frame of the house for extra strength. Also, replace the short, flimsy screws that attach the strike plate to the frame with three inch screws. This will resist somebody trying to kick the door in. Any glass side windows need to be either reinforced or boarded up. The alternative is to use double-keyed, double cylinder locks that require a key to both lock and unlock from the outside and from the inside. In the event of a fire in the house, do not be stuck behind a door that cannot be unlocked. Be sure to keep a key close to the door for emergencies. Do not forget about locks for interior doors, especially one that connects a garage to a house.

All exterior doors should be solid core doors that offer a high degree of security. However, the problem with having a solid front door is that one cannot see through it. The door should not have to be opened to find out who has rung the doorbell. Either have a door with small reinforced glass windows in or near it to look out of, or install two doors. The outer door is a wrought iron security door with reinforced glass or Lexan windows and a stout lock.

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This will allow the inner solid door to be opened to see who is there, yet still have a secure barrier between the occupant and whoever is standing on the doorstep.

are more prevalent and more sophisticated. By all means have one installed. Just do not rely on it to the exclusion of all other security methods, and do not treat it like a talisman.

This is also a good time to look at the construction of the home and ask where would be a good place to be if the bullets start to fly. Even if there are no firearms in the home, it does not mean that the bad guys won’t be armed. Most bullets will penetrate a typical interior wall built of wooden studs and sheetrock/drywall. Become familiar with places and objects that may stop a bullet. Brick, concrete or cinder block walls are much more likely to stand up to gunfire. Solid, heavy, wood furniture or a large freezer or washing machine might slow down or stop a bullet too.

A dog can be a very valuable factor in the overall security of the home. However, people should not assume the responsibility of owning a dog unless they are prepared to look after it. This means more than just providing food and water. Researchers tell us that at best, a smart dog has the same emotional maturity as a five year old child. Be prepared to give the dog lots of love and attention. Walk the dog, play with the dog, become friends with the dog, and the dog will be there when needed. Take the time to research what breed of dog would fit best into the family’s lifestyle.

If a gun is present in the home, still become familiar with which areas offer a safe field of fire. If a home invader is shot at and missed, what is behind him? Is there nothing more than a flimsy interior wall between him and a sleeping child? What about bullets that exit the house through a window and travel into a neighbor’s house? One of the basic safety rules is: “Be sure of the target, and what is behind it.” Do not shoot at a shadow or a noise; it may be a family member such as one of the children creeping into the house after curfew. Always clearly identify anything before shooting at it, and be sure to have a clear shot without the risk if hitting some innocent bystander behind the bad guy.

Keep in mind that for the sort of security requirements we are concerning ourselves with here, there are basically two kinds of dog: The dog that bites and the dog that barks. People acquire dogs that bite because they think that a dog will protect them against intruders. The problem is that the dog, an animal with the brain and maturity of an infant, may not be able to tell the difference between a violent intruder and a Girl Scout selling cookies. How many times has it been in the news about someone being attacked by a neighbor’s dog? There is the responsibility to self and the other members of the household as well as the community in general to not bring home an animal that bites because it wants to. Dogs need to be properly trained and socialized to act and react appropriately around people. Though all dogs can bite, some can obviously do far less physical damage than others. A tiny dog that will bark his head off at strangers until commanded to stop is like having a roving burglar alarm. This dog’s job is to be an alarm system. It does not fight battles; it simply tells when there is a problem that needs addressed. A dog that can wake up from a deep sleep and bark when it hears something that it knows is not part of its normal surroundings is worth its weight in gold.

Burglar Alarms For most people, burglar alarms fall into two distinct types: Alarms that are installed in an automobile to discourage a thief from breaking in and stealing it, and alarms that are installed in the house to discourage burglars. Statistically the number one and number two reasons burglars who only want property choose another house is because of an alarm system and/or a dog. However, burglars and home invaders have tricks.

So now the gears of thought are turning with consideration being given about installing a burglar alarm for the times when the house is empty and getting a smart dog that will be loved and well cared for by the whole family. That is good, but it only solves the first part of the problem of surviving a home invasion. When the alarm goes off or the dog starts barking, someone needs to swing into action. Pick up the phone and dial 911. The emergency operator says the police are on their and to stay on the line. Now there is the waiting time for rescue to come. All the while sounds of someone breaking down a door or a window as they try to get into the home are heard. The dispatcher is sitting in a safe place, miles away. It is a race to see who will get there first, whether it is the police or the bad guy or crew of bad guys downstairs.

One common scenario is it being late at night while the family is asleep in bed. A burglar walks up to the house. He deliberately triggers the alarm system, then runs away and hides. The homeowner wakes up, rushes downstairs (this is a bad tactical move, but more of that later) and investigates. He finds no burglar and no signs of a break-in. He resets the alarm and goes back to bed. Half an hour later, the burglar approaches the house again, triggers the alarm, and runs away to hide. Once more the homeowner rushes downstairs, investigates the house and finds there is nothing amiss. He resets the alarm and grumbles all the way back to bed.

Take time before an emergency to call the local police or sheriff’s department and ask to speak to the crime prevention officer. Ask them how many officers they have on patrol at any one time. Now check the yellow pages and count the number of pizza delivery places there are in the area. The number of officers on duty is about the same as the number of pizza delivery guys. It takes thirty minutes to get a pizza delivered, so if the security alarm goes off, or if 911 is dialed as a violent felon is kicking in the front

The burglar waits for a while and then walks over to the house and trips the alarm again and runs away. This time, the homeowner is convinced that his burglar alarm is faulty. He goes downstairs, turns the system off and goes back to bed. This time, the burglar breaks in. What we can deduce from all this is that home invasions have become more commonplace because burglar alarms

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out when the family is inside are less attractive but can withstand a lot of punishment if installed correctly in pairs to spread the force of an assault on the door.

door, is it logical to think that a policeman will arrive in time to help? Establish a better plan!

Preparing a Safe Room

It is important to consider the possibility of a young child locking themselves in the safe room. In these cases, a lock which can be opened from the outside with a key is a good idea. An even better idea is an electronic keypad with a combination known only to responsible adults in the house.

Begin to examine the physical and tactical aspects of preparing what is known as a safe room in the home. The purpose of a safe room is to give the occupants of a dwelling somewhere safe to retreat to in the event that their home is invaded by bad guys. It is somewhere secure where the homeowners can hide, notify the police, and wait for help to arrive. Safe rooms vary from inexpensive and simple to costly and sophisticated.

Most interior walls are comprised of 2x4 timber or light steel struts covered with a layer of sheetrock/drywall on each side. Most have probably seen how quickly a sledge hammer will demolish one of those walls. If a bad guy may try to smash his way inside, put a layer of a strong material known as hardware cloth (a tough mesh of woven metal wire available in various thicknesses “gauges”) underneath the sheetrock on one or both sides of the wall. This requires removing the sheetrock/drywall and fixing the hardware cloth securely to each of the timbers in the frame. Use a gauge of hardware cloth considered appropriate for the specific need. Also look at reinforcing the two by fours around the door frame and ensuring that the door lock fully engages into the frame for maximum strength.

The simplest form of safe room may be a bedroom, with a stout door, strong door locks, and a cell phone next to the bed. Keep in mind that criminals may still be able to break in through the windows or a skylight. The most sophisticated safe rooms are similar to a bank vault, built with thick steel or reinforced concrete walls, ceiling and floor, outfitted with massive door locks, a high-tech communications system, closed circuit camera, filtered air system, lighting, toilet facilities, weapons, food, electricity, needed medication and medical supplies, water, and more. These rooms are often used as huge vaults to store money, jewelry, important papers and other valuables.

While the hardware cloth approach may make it tougher for someone to smash the wall with a sledgehammer, it will not stop a bullet. If there are concerns about someone trying to shoot through the walls or the door, there are some things that can be done to reduce the chance of bullets getting through. If there is enough space inside the room, install floor to ceiling bookshelves with plenty of books packed very tightly together will offer some resistance to incoming rounds. A more expensive, but less bulky solution is to install ballistic quality Lexan. This is a type of hard plastic sheeting that is used in many applications where simple glass would break. It comes in various thicknesses, and could be installed in place of the hardware cloth behind the sheetrock/drywall. Consider only protecting an area from bullets that the whole family including pets can crouch or lay behind. This will cut the costs of ballistically reinforcing the whole room.

It is impossible to say what kind of safe room is best. Construction depends on a lot of factors such as where the safe room is to be located, cost, whether owning or renting (better check with the landlord before pouring concrete) and what level of security is required to give you some peace of mind. The simplest safe room is an interior room or walk in closet that does not have any windows or skylights. This is also a good room if living in a part of the country where tornadoes or hurricanes may be a threat. The door should at least be a solid core door like an external door. If the existing door is flimsy, buy a solid core door that is pre-hung within a frame from the local building supply store. Do not buy a good solid door and then install it with just a couple of nails. The frame must be attached to the walls with several three inch or longer wood screws. The factory-supplied screws in the hinges should also be replaced with screws that are at least three inches long.

The one problem with constructing a safe room from materials other than cement and steel is the danger of being trapped in a house fire. Some safe rooms include a backdoor exit. This gives the extra option to retreat into the safe room but also be able to escape out of the house through the rear exit while home invaders are occupied elsewhere. Then if the invaders set fire to the home the occupants have a secondary means of escape.

In addition, the door frame itself can be reinforced by using thin steel strapping material (such as is used to bind shipping crates), running it around the inside of the door frame in one continuous strip and then screwing it firmly in place. Make sure the door will still close properly if this is done. Alternatively, a door that is prehung in a steel box section frame is even stronger and will resist repeated kicking and prying attempts.

Consider also that a safe room cannot be brought along on a visit to friends and family or during vacation. Be mindful of choosing hotels and motels as well as being vigilant of what, if any, security there is at a friend or relative’s home. Though the safe room cannot go with the family, the mindset, training and tactics can.

Door locks should be long enough to extend into the frame to 1 ½ inches. If there are plans of storing valuables in the safe room, a good quality keyed deadbolt will work. Install two of these in the door, one about a third of the way up from the floor and the other roughly a third of the way down from the top of the door. This is to spread the load of someone trying to kick in the door. Good quality solid steel bolts installed on the inside to keep bad guys

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Third Line of Defense – 911

Establish a code word that, when shouted by someone in the home causes everyone to go into a preplanned course of action. If anybody yells, “Fire, fire, fire,” in the middle of the night, it means everyone has to run outside and assemble on the front lawn. In the event of a home invasion, a different code word is yelled that means everyone runs for the safe room. Be imaginative choosing a code word that will be remembered. Make a plan with everybody in the house, including older relatives as well as the young children. If there is someone too young or too to be able to react correctly to the plan, then plan to have other people go and get them and bring them to the prearranged rally point. This can be the master bedroom, the safe room or wherever the safest place is. Practice the home invasion drill until the correct response is second nature. Absolutely never joke about code words that have been established. People must understand that if the signal is heard, it is either a practice drill or it is the real thing.

Tactics for Using a Safe Room

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f confronted with a middle-of-the- night awakening to the sound of breaking glass, lock the bedroom door and then pick up the phone and call the police. Explain to the police dispatcher that there is an intruder in the home right now, and the police need to come immediately. Do not report it as a “burglary,” because sometimes a dispatcher will assume that the homeowner who calls about a burglary is reporting the non-urgent discovery of a crime that happened while the home was empty. Make sure the dispatcher understands that there is an intruder in the home right now, and that the situation is urgent. Provide the dispatcher with details such as name and address. Advise the dispatcher which people are supposed to be in the home, who is known or thought to already be there as well as where they are thought to be at the moment. Give a location of where the call is being made from.

A Gun in the Home Sometimes hiding behind a locked door is not an option. There may well be times when homeowners must confront an aggressor in order to save a loved one or themselves from unspeakable violence. The most likely reason is that the police are not present and time has run out. A time when homeowners must act now or lose something they hold most dear.

The police dispatcher will stay on the phone with you the police arrive. If possible, change into suitable clothes to go outside, especially shoes that are suitable for running or climbing. If the bad guys break down the bedroom door before the police arrive, that fight or flight response is going to kick in. Leave the sandals or stiletto shoes in the closet and slip on a pair of walking shoes. Also be sure to have a set of house keys in the bedroom that can be thrown out the window to the police when they arrive so that they can easily get in.

Back in the days of the Old West, people had a saying about pistols made by the Colt Company: “God made men, but Sam Colt made them equal.” In trained, confident hands, a gun is a great equalizer. Many people jump to conclusions when they are deciding if they should have a gun in the home for protection. Emotions and preconceptions can run wild about guns.

It is a good idea to attach the keys to either a small flashlight or a chemical light stick (a small plastic tube that you bend and shake to cause two chemicals inside to mix and throw off a bright glow). That way the cops can find the keys easily at night if they are thrown to them out the window. Now get behind the bed or some other large object that provides a barrier away from the bedroom door. Keep the phone and keep telling the police dispatch operator what is known to be going on.

It seems that many people spend more time deciding how they will play a hand of poker than they spend thoroughly evaluating the use of a gun for protection. This is not to be considered a declaration as to whether or not a gun should or should not be owned. It is a declaration that there are some important things for individuals to consider in order for them to make the right decision for their own selves. Maybe there is a question of whether or not a gun can be legally owned. Anybody who may have done time in jail might consider reading Federal Form 4473. This is the form that everyone who buys a firearm from a gun dealer must complete. The criterion for legal ownership is stated on the form. Every gun store has them, and a sample of the form can also be found on the internet. If it is thought that anyone can buy a gun, take a look at all the restrictions on Form 4473.

If a gun is present in the home or another weapon such as pepper spray, a baseball bat, knife or even a Rottweiler, be sure to be in control of that weapon. Once the bedroom door is locked, the police are called, and they are given the same information as before, be sure to also advise of being armed. Get behind the bed. If there is a gun, it should be ready to engage whatever comes through the door. However, it takes training to be able to instantly discern a criminal from a family member bursting in the room to sound the alarm that someone bad is in the house. Also, police officers in dark uniforms carrying guns look a lot like criminals in the dark. Keep up a running commentary with the police dispatcher. This is very important for two reasons: first, the dispatcher will relay the information to the police officers who are responding to the call, and second, if one has to shoot, stab, club, or sic the dog on a burglar, the police call can be used as evidence to prove that there was reason to fear loss of life.

If one’s only exposure to firearms has been a couple of hunting trips as a child, or what has been gleaned from watching movies, then the answer is a resounding NO. That person is not familiar enough with firearms to use them effectively. The best thing to do is find a qualified instructor who teaches basic firearms safety, correct gun handling, and the fundamentals of marksmanship. The National Rifle Association has instructors in every state who

9

teach basic classes. Take a course before buying a gun. This way one will be far better informed to make a suitable purchase (or not, if it has been decided that a gun will not work for the specific needs of the individual or family).

is something that must be learned and practiced repeatedly. There are some good martial artists out there who teach solid, no-nonsense knife fighting techniques. There are instructional books and DVDs available for private study. A knife offers some advantages over larger, more complicated weapons. There are many excellent tactical folding knives available that are designed specifically for fighting. They open with one hand, they can be clipped inside a pocket for fast easy access, and they are small and light, so they can be carried most of the time. Check your local laws to see if knives are legal to be carried outside the home.

If buying a gun for protection, one must accept the fact that there may come a time when it is necessary to actually shoot somebody in order to save a life. While it is true that many criminals run when somebody shows them a firearm, it cannot be assumed that one won’t meet the hard case who already knows what it is like to be shot and does not fear being shot again. Responsible gun owners do not pull a weapon for just any little thing. The use of deadly force is reserved for that back-to-the-wall situation where every other option has been tried and has failed to stop the attacker.

Everyone should carry a tactical flashlight. These lights are generally made of aluminum for strength, and feature an extremely bright light that usually come from an LED instead of a regular bulb. The idea is to use the light to temporarily blind an attacker and permit one to run away. If necessary one can test the toughness of the aluminum light on the attacker’s skull a couple of times too. Anyone carrying a pistol for self-defense should carry a tactical flashlight. It is absolutely vital to be able to correctly identify any target before shooting it. In low-light conditions, a small, powerful flashlight makes this possible and may prevent shooting a family member in the dark.

If the only tool one has is a hammer, then every problem looks like a nail. A gun would be one tool in the arsenal of self-defense and home protection. There is a need for a plan for self-defense in the home. If a gun is in the house, it is important to spend time at a good school that specializes in training civilians in defensive shooting tactics. These classes typically run from 2-5 days and will cover a selection of firearms and other equipment, drawing a handgun from the holster or use of a sling on a shotgun or carbine, tactical reloading, shooting while moving and from behind cover and concealment, and shooting in low light. Guns are not the only weapons that can be used for defense. For many reasons, a gun may not be suitable, available, or even legal to have. The term “less-lethal” was probably first used by lawyers working either for police departments or the manufacturers of defensive tools to describe weapons that are not intended to be lethal, but may cause death in extreme circumstances. Pepper spray contains Oleoresin Capsicum which is an extract of hot peppers. A popular and often extremely efficient defensive weapon, a shot of OC spray in an attacker’s face will aggravate sensitive membranes causing swelling, profuse watering of eyes and throat and airway irritation. A TASER is another good example of an effective less-lethal weapon. TASER is the trade name for a device that shoots a pair of metal probes connected to electric wires into an attacker. Once the two darts are embedded in the attacker’s skin or clothing, a high voltage electric shock is transferred from the device, through the wires, and into the attacker. TASERs are used by many police departments as a way to incapacitate a suspect. They are also available to civilians and are legal in many states and local jurisdictions. Permits may be required. Keep in mind, however, that the TASER is a one shot deal. If the person using the TASER misses his target or the darts do not stick in the attacker, then nothing happens to them. The TASER C2 for civilians will still work as a contact stun-gun type of device, but the point of a weapon in civilian hands is to keep a distance away from the attacker. The range is limited by the length of the wires to 15 feet. There are other weapons that can be used. A knife, for example, can be highly effective for cutting tendons and muscles to severely incapacitate a violent attacker. However, fighting with a knife

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Fourth Line of Defense – Force & Violence

locked outside at the mercy of the home invaders. If the choice is made to fight, is there a weapon to even the odds? Where is the cell phone, the flashlight or the gun?

T

his is not the place to give legal advice, but laws do differ from state to state. Sometimes they differ from town to town. In some states, there is a legal requirement for the resident of a dwelling to retreat if possible from a physical assault (although no state requires you to retreat if one cannot safely do so). In quite a few states this law has been replaced with the laws pertaining to the Castle Doctrine that allows the occupant to use force to defend if he believes the intruder is in the home illegally and that he has committed or intends to commit a felony. So now the home is as secure as it possibly can be with available resources. There is some sort of safe room available for the occupants to run into when threatened. Every waking moment is lived according to Jeff Cooper’s color code of awareness. Classes in one or more forms of self-defense have been completed. There is a plan for defending against a home invasion with the family in the same way there is a plan in the event of a fire. Everyone in the family feels better about the whole concept of self-defense. There is knowledge of at least the basics of how to defend, the family has acquired the skills and recognizes that skills are perishable requiring regular practice and training. Everyone is more vigilant, aware and confident, and able to unleash aggression when it is absolutely required. Despite all these things, everyone is still hopeful that the skills and knowledge will never need to be used. Then one day, it happens.

Conclusion

I

f this report was carefully and thoughtfully read, then one has already spent far more time considering how to deal with a home invasion than most people. The chances of being a victim of a home invasion are low, and gaining this knowledge has made those chances even lower. However, times do change. We cannot expect that the current low crime rate will continue. In New Orleans, before Hurricane Katrina hit the city, who would have predicted that there would be such a complete breakdown of law and order? If we have learned anything at all from Katrina, it is that apparently it does not take much to bring out the worst in some people. And for that reason, it must be considered how to effectively prepare for bad things that may happen.

A successful home invasion is likely to happen very quickly. A door or window is smashed in or as in the example in the introduction someone is able to push his way into the home because of being able to persuade someone to open the door. Perhaps a visiting friend or a relative’s child innocently opened the front door to a stranger. Maybe the garage door was left open for a minute. Perhaps someone followed a family member home from the store. Maybe the garage door wasn’t immediately closed after driving into it. Maybe someone did not make sure he or she was alone in the garage before unlocking and opening the vehicle door or the door from the garage to the house. Yes, the door from garage to house should be locked with a keyed lock.

If it is decided that a gun is a good defensive tool to have, start by taking a basic class such as those that the NRA offers. After developing a good foundation in the basic principles of gun safety, handling and marksmanship, then seek out a good defensive shooting instructor to take at least one class. Most of us keep a fire extinguisher in the home in case it is ever needed as a weapon against fire. Most wear a seatbelt to defend against severe injury or ejection from a vehicle if there is an accident. Why not prepare the home and everyone who lives in it to win in the event that it is ever invaded?

Whatever the reason, violent and menacing strangers are suddenly in the home. Suddenly one goes from condition white or yellow to condition orange. The problem is known. How long does it take you to go from condition orange to condition red? If one has really trained and practiced for this home invasion, then it should already be known how one will respond. The basics of responding should be with ferocity that exceeds that of the attacker. Fight or flight is probably the first thing to decide. If escape is possible always choose that route. Perhaps there are loved ones in the house. Should they be left to fend for themselves, or must one stay to defend them? If there is the choice made to run, is a neighbor close enough to quickly summon the police, or is your best option to run to the safe room. Consider whether or not it would be possible to bear hiding in the safe room while loved ones were

Under stress, training takes over, so practice the things that can be practiced so that more attention can be given to the problem at hand. If the choice is ever made to fight, then fight to win!

11

When seconds count: Fight, Flight, or Freeze

Jerrod Smelker & the Delta Media Team If you look at the floor plans of most homes and apartments, each one is a complete home invasion disaster waiting to happen, especially if you have kids in the house. This work book is going to highlight some of these types of home floor plans, and show you how best to react to a home invasion in progress with several conditions each. When we say that these plans are “disasters waiting to happen,” we are referring to the following attributes: Bedrooms are far apart. Most of the master bedrooms are far apart from the other bedrooms. This distance creates too much time to respond to an invasion. Generally, most home security experts recommend that a safe room be the master bedroom and all family members will meet there in the event of a home invasion. When the bedrooms are as spread out and far apart as in most modern homes though, the distance from the kids’ rooms to the master bedroom (or safe room) can prove to take way too much time. The same can be true even if you make one of the kids’ rooms a safe room: it will still take you time to get there. Bedrooms are separated by entry points. Not only does the distance take time to cover, but if you look at many common home layouts, your travel path to and from each room is usually wide open and in clear view of the invasion’s entry points. This means that while trying to reach one another, you or your kids may be spotted by the intruders, and you may be in the line of fire if they decide to start shooting. As you will see in the following pages, many of these floor plans suffer from this disadvantage. For example,

consider the very first home layout on page 3. If you are in the master bedroom and you hear your front door being kicked in, if you have children in the home, your initial response will be to try to get to their rooms- labeled “Bedroom 2” and “Bedroom 3”. You have to cross right behind the front door, and the hallway to the two bedrooms has only one entrance or exit. (This shows us that most architects and home builders do not take safety and security into consideration when building homes, apartments and trailers. If they did, homes would be laid out in a completely different manner!) Here is why the home invasion scenarios are so difficult: Consider the page 3 floor plan once more. Chances are that if someone breaks in and you hear it, your kids probably will not hear it. Most kids would sleep through a train crashing through the house! So if you have kids in Bedroom 2 and Bedroom 3, and you are in the Master Bedroom, you have two options. 1) With a home intercom system, use the intercom to awaken the kids and help them remember the family safety plan, or 2) set up one of the kids’ bedrooms as the safe room, and you yourself go to it. Depending on the age of your children, they may not even hear the intercom. If they do, they will be scared, half asleep, not thinking straight and probably won’t remember any family safety plan. The only feasible plan then, requires you to have to leave the safety of your master bedroom, cross the ‘kill zone’, and get to your kids before the intruder gets to either you or your kids. That’s the scenario, now how do you want to play it out? Unfortunately, you don’t have much of an option when it comes to an intruder coming through your front door. You will most likely either have to find a way into your kids’ bedrooms and hold up there or attempt an escape, or you will have to face the intruder. Unfortunately there are no magic answers and no tricks-up-your-sleeve that will help solve these dilemmas. There are literally hun-

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dreds of scenarios that could play out which all depend on where the intruder enters, what their intent is, how fast things are moving, the time of day/night, whether or not the family is asleep or awake, and whether you have a defensive firearm or not. These factors and variations will in turn lead to hundreds of possible courses of action, which will each lead to hundreds of possible outcomes to the home invasion – some good, some bad. The closer together the bedrooms, the better. If you are on a second floor with your kids, such as in the third home layout (on page 5), you stand a much better chance of getting to your kids’ room to set up a safe room without running into the intruder. Your chances and options diminish if you are on the ground floor of a multi-level home, in a trailer or double-wide, or in an apartment. The whole subject of home invasions is filled with gray area, meaning that there are very few ‘one size fits all’ solutions. The fact of the matter is that ‘gray areas’ are the world we live in. If we were able to design and build our own houses, then we could take safety and security in mind and design accordingly. Unfortunately we have to live with the hand we are dealt, and this applies in this case to the preexisting houses most of us live in. That is what this work book is all about- working with what we have. We’re not going to show you a half-million dollar floor plan designed by Gaston Glock. We’re going to show you common floor plans found all across these United States, and we’re going to tell you how to make the best of them.

For sake of argument (and because an entire book could be written on each of the following floor plans if it were desired), we’re going to assume that the intruder will enter from the front door, and that you hear the home invasion as it happens. If you live alone... If you live alone, then your bedroom would prove a good location as your safe room. Your safety and security plan will of course be your own with only yourself in mind. In this case, you must decide whether or not you will take up a defensive position within your safe room, or if your intent is to simply escape. If living alone, your best bet with any of these house layouts would be to make the master bedroom your safe room. Make sure you can secure your bedroom door with a lock and even some type of obstacle, such as pushing a dresser in front of it, or using a wedge bar. Doing this can give you vital extra escape time if need be. If you are in your safe room and escaping out of a window or another door, be aware that many criminals do not work alone, so if one intruder is entering the front door, another accomplice could very well be waiting outside your bedroom window or door. It’s generally easy to spot the master bedroom windows from outside of a house- and criminals know this- so be cautious and vigilant while executing your escape. Please join me as we continue our look at the following ten common home floor plans.

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“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

PORCH BEDROOM #2

UTILITY BATH

CLOSET

KITCHEN

DINING ROOM

CLOSET

BATH #2

CLOSET

MASTER BEDROOM

BEDROOM #3

CLOSET

GREAT ROOM

What to do if Alone? If you are in this house layout alone, you have three options. One is to escape, which could easily be done through the Master Bedroom window. Two would be to take up a defensive position within the Master Bedroom and three would be to leave the security of the Master Bedroom to investigate and deal with the intruder. What to do if the rooms are occupied with children? Your primary objective is of course to reach the children first and to provide security for them. There are several topics of discussion on whether or not to get to the children, which could draw attention to them, or use yourself to draw attention away from them. What to do to escape? To escape most homes during a home invasion, any window or door that is furthest away from where the intruder is would be the common solution. Within this home layout, an escape with the children would be best suited through the Bedroom 2 window.

What to do to defend? If you have a home firearm for defense, you would be able to leave the Master Bedroom to get to the children in Bedrooms 2 and 3 by moving into the Great Room while keeping an eye on the front door. Your objective is to get to the bedroom hallway, but understand that you have to cross the open area of the Great Room, which is where the intruder could be. Another option would be to take a defensive position at the Master Bedroom entrance next to the fireplace. The fireplace would act as great cover and concealment and if the intruder tried to go into the children’s hallway, you could shoot if need be. This is because if you look at the layout, if you have to shoot from that position, and missed or over penetrated rounds would go into the bathroom and not the children’s bedrooms. Where would the best safe room be? The best location for a safe room in this home layout would probably best be located in Bedroom 2. This is the bedroom furthest from the front door and has a window for escape.

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“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

COVERED PORCH

MASTER BEDROOM

MASTER BATH

WALK-IN CLOSET

TWO CAR GARAGE

GREAT ROOM

WALK-IN CLOSET LAUNDRY

UTILITY DINING ROOM

KITCHEN

BEDROOM 3 COVERED PORCH BEDROOM 2

What to do if Alone? Living alone in this home layout during a home invasion would be optimal. The Master Bedroom is in the corner of the house and an escape through the windows would be easy and quick. What to do if the rooms are occupied with children? Moving from the Master Bedroom to Bedroom 2 and 3 can be simple by staying close to the wall. Access to the two bedrooms would be much easier and quicker if there was another access door into the Master Bath from the bedrooms. Consider that as a remodel option. Another option would be to escape the window in the Master Bedroom, then enter either Bedroom 2 or 3 to gather your children making one of those bedrooms the safe room. This would require both pre-planning and access into the windows.

What to do to defend? If you have a home firearm and live alone, you could take up a defensive position in the Master Bedroom or Bath. If you have children perhaps a better defensive position would be to ether get into Bedroom 3 with the children in the closet or to take position from your Master Bedroom door in direct line of fire to the front door, but understand that the entrance to the children’s bedrooms are right near the front door. You would have to engage the intruder before he or she was able to enter that hall. Where would the best safe room be? The best area for a safe room would be Bedroom 3 or the Master Bath if you were able to reach it with your children. Be aware though that this Master Bath does not have a window for escape.

What to do to escape? Escape through the windows would be the best option. As stated above, an exit could be through the Master Bedroom window, then assisting your children out their windows. Page 4

“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

CLOSET

BEDROOM 3

MASTER BATH

CLOSET

BEDROOM 2

CLOSET

BATH

WALK-IN CLOSET

BALCONY CLOSET

MASTER BEDROOM BEDROOM 1 STAIRWELL TO LOWER LEVEL

What to do if Alone? Living alone on the second floor gives you plenty of time to escape or take a defensive position if you are able to hear the home invasion. You can make your Master Bath or Walk-in closet your safe room.

What to do to defend? You could stay within your Master Bedroom and take a position with a firearm toward the stairwell. Since that is the only way to access you and your children, the intruder would have to come that way and you could engage him or her there. Be aware though that rounds could go into Bedroom 1. Another option is to take up a defensive position in the Master Bedroom walk in closet. It looks large enough to hold all family members, but it should be constructed with locking and secure doors. Remember though that there is no escape option with the walk in closet.

What to do if the rooms are occupied with children? Being on the second floor gives you a much better chance of gathering you and your children into a safe room. In this layout, you would wake the children in each room and meet in Bedroom 2. It is the mid-point of all rooms and has an escape route through the winWhere would the best safe room be? The safe room dows. could be located in Bedroom 2 or the Master Bedroom What to do to escape? Escaping through Bedroom 2 or Bath. Each has escape routes and are in the corners windows would probably be the best bet. Be aware that of the house. you are on the second floor and a flexible safe interior ladder tossed out the window would be needed to escape to the ground.

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“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

BEDROOM 3

COVERED PORCH

BEDROOM 2

MASTER BATH

MASTER BEDROOM

BEDROOM 4

BATH

GRILLING PORCH

KITCHEN

GREAT ROOM

DINING

What to do if Alone? Alone in this house would be What to do to defend? The front door is right next to easy escape from a window or an easy defensive posi- your Master Bedroom door. If you have a firearm, you tion in the Master Bath. would have to immediately engage the intruder there or before they reached the kitchen or dining room. LuckWhat to do if the rooms are occupied with chil- ily in this layout, the other bedrooms are far away from dren? If you had another door access in the Master the front door, giving you time to stop the intruder beBath to the Bedroom 2, 3 and 4 bathroom, this would fore he or she reaches the bedrooms. be a quicker and easier option for gathering the family to Bedroom 3. This room is the middle room and has Where would the best safe room be? Bedroom 3 two windows for escape. Another option would be to would make a great safe room, because it is in the corescape the Master bedroom window onto the porch and ner with windows for escape and it is central to the three enter Bedroom 2 window to gather the children. Once children’s bedrooms. again this would require both pre-planning and access into the windows. What to do to escape? Bedroom 3 would be the escape for you and the kids if you are able to reach them. Otherwise as stated above, escape your Master Bedroom window and reach the children in each bedroom from their windows.

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CLOSET

BEDROOM 2

BATH

CLOSET

“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

BEDROOM 3

MASTER BEDROOM

MASTER BATH

CLOSET

CLOSET

BEDROOM 4

What to do if Alone? The Master Bath would be a great defensive position or the Master Bedroom windows for escape. Taking a position with a firearm within the Master Bedroom entrance gives you a vantage point of the stairway.

What to do to defend? A defensive position could be right from the entrance of the Master Bedroom or the entrance to Bedroom 2. It is in direct line to the stairway, which is where the intruder would have to enter to gain access to the upstairs.

What to do if the rooms are occupied with children? Gather the kids from each Bedroom and use the Master Bedroom as the safe room. In fact, one of the walk in closets would work great, but once again remember that the closets give you no escape option.

Where would the best safe room be? Even the Master Bathroom or the 2nd bathroom could prove to be a quick safe room. Each one could have a solid locking door and each one has a window for escape.

What to do to escape? Either the Master Bedroom or Bedrooms 2 and 3 would work for escape through the windows. Remember that you are on the second floor, so an escape ladder or other means of getting to the ground would be necessary. You would never want to try to escape down the stairway.

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“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

FAMILY ROOM

DINING ROOM

KITCHEN

CLOSET

BEDROOM 2

LIVING ROOM

BEDROOM 3

What to do if Alone? You are already in the Master Bedroom so no reason to go anywhere else. Escape through the window or take a defensive position in the closet or bath.

MASTER BEDROOM

What to do to defend? If you have a firearm, you will engage the intruder right from your Master Bedroom door. The Living Room is the area where you will most likely meet. Be aware that the two bedrooms are right in the line of fire if the intruder moves that way.

What to do if the rooms are occupied with children? From the Master Bedroom there is a lot of distance to Where would the best safe room be? Bedroom 2 cover in order to get to the children in Bedrooms 2 and would be a great safe room for escape or taking up a 3. Once there though, either bedroom will work for es- position in the bedroom closet. cape or a safe room. Each has a window and each could have a solid secure door. What to do to escape? To escape use the windows in Bedroom 2.

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“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

MASTER BATH WALK-IN CLOSET

COVERED PORCH

LAUNDRY

MASTER BEDROOM

KITCHEN

GREAT ROOM

SHOP/STORAGE

BATH

FORMAL DINING

BEDROOM #2

GARAGE COVERED PORCH

What to do if Alone? Once again, you are already in your Master Bedroom, so your options are to escape through the windows, take up a defensive position within the Master Bath, or if you have a firearm, engage the intruder from the Master Bedroom into the Great Room.

What to do to defend? To defend with a firearm, you could take a position in the Master Bedroom along the wall of Bedroom 2, or you could even escape through the Master Bedroom door, travel along the Covered Porch and engage the intruder from behind as you are coming through the front door.

What to do if the rooms are occupied with children? The Master Bedroom and Bedroom 2 are very close which is great. Bedroom 2 could be easily used for a safe room or for escape through the window. The only problem is to get to Bedroom 2’s door, you have to walk right in front of the front door where the intruder could be.

Where would the best safe room be? The Master Bath would also be a good safe room for a defensive position, especially if you can lock the bath door, then go into the walk-in closet.

What to do to escape? Escape through the Bedroom 2 window or the Master Bedroom door to the covered porch.

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BEDROOM #2

CLOSET

“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

PATIO/ BALCONY

KITCHEN

CLOSET

MASTER BEDROOM LIVING ROOM

DINING ROOM

What to do if alone? The Master Bedroom and adjoin- What to do to defend? If you live on the 10th floor, ing bath can prove to be the best safe room or defensive your balcony is useless, and so a defensive position may be your only option. Take it up in the Bedroom 2 position when living alone in an apartment. if you have children, use the Master Bedroom or Closet What to do if the rooms are occupied with children? if possible. The apartment layout creates a distance problem because the bedrooms are the furthest apart. From the Where would the best safe room be? The safe room Master Bedroom you have to cross the entire main floor would be Bedroom 2 or the Master Bedroom closet. dining room and Living Room, which is in direct sight of the front door. Reach Bedroom 2 and secure the door, then an escape can be performed through the window. What to do to escape? Escape to the balcony would probably not be a good option if you were too high up. There may be no means of escape and you probably cannot secure the door from the outside.

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“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze” What to do if Alone? If you hear an intruder coming through the front door of a mobile home, escaping out the Master Bedroom window would be the ideal thing to do. You could also take a defensive position in the kitchen, then retreat to the Master Bedroom if need be and still escape.

CLOSET

MASTER BEDROOM

What to do if the rooms are occupied with children? Much like the apartment, you have the bedrooms at either end of the mobile home. Because mobile homes are extremely thin, going from the Master Bedroom to Bedrooms 2 and 3 could prove to be practically impossible without running into the intruder.

UTILITY

What to do to escape? If you were able to escape through the Master Bedroom window and the children could escape through the back door or windows. Once you escape through the Master Bedroom window, you could reach the Bedroom 2 and 3 windows to assist the children’s escape. What to do to defend? Defending with a firearm from the Master Bedroom could prove fatal depending on where the shots go. Trailers or mobile homes have notoriously thin walls where rounds could penetrate and hit the children at the opposite end of the house. You must also take into consideration that if you live in a trailer park, a round from a rifle could easily pass through several house trailers before stopping.

KITCHEN

Where would the best safe room be? The safe room could be in Bedroom 2 or 3, depending on where the kids are.

LIVING ROOM

CLOSET

BEDROOM 2

CLOSET

BEDROOM 3

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“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

MASTER BEDROOM

LIVING ROOM BATH

KITCHEN

BEDROOM #2

What to do if Alone? The Master Bedroom window What to do to escape? Escape through the windows in can be used for an escape, and a defensive position can the Master Bedroom or Bedroom 2. Another option is the back door right across from Bedroom 2. be taken up in the doorway looking down the hall. What to do if the rooms are occupied with children? This layout is a bit simpler than the three-bedroom layout. The Master Bedroom and Bedroom 2 are close together. You could go from the Master Bedroom directly to Bedroom 2 and escape through the window. Another option would be for you and the child or children to meet in the middle bath for a defensive position or escape through the window.

What to do to defend? You can take up a defensive position with a firearm right in the Master Bedroom doorway, this allows you to see right down the hallway for intruders. Where would the best safe room be? The middle bath would work great or the Master Bedroom for escape.

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“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

Draw your home’s floor plan, and draft a “Family Safety Plan”.

Ask yourself these questions: How would you react to a home invasion if you were home alone? How would your plan differ if your spouse or children were home at the time? Which avenues of escape are available to you and your family? Where would the best place to set up a defensive location be? Where would the best safe room be?

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“When Seconds Count: Fight Flight or Freeze”

Draw your home’s floor plan, and draft a “Family Safety Plan”.

Ask yourself these questions: How would you react to a home invasion if you were home alone? How would your plan differ if your spouse or children were home at the time? Which avenues of escape are available to you and your family? Where would the best place to set up a defensive location be? Where would the best safe room be?

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