History of the Counties of Lehigh and Carbon in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

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157

CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

IN THE

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA.

BY

ALFKED MATHEWS MiiVtrj

e,\.

and

tlie-

AUSTIN

N.

HUNGERFORD. Lentil Vi a-v,i

c.,vju.,he'^ ."I

V

PHILADELPHIA:

EVERTS

&

RICHARDS.

18 84. PRESS OF

J.

B.

LIPPINCOTT &

CO.,

PHILADELPHIA

Cun lang verlcebt ^d)

net, iinic je bt)".

irij^'t

5?Dd> J^pffmniii lcid)tet meiiien ajDeg

S)er eiD'flcn .^cciiiet ju.

XiTt

is

'II

Tort

iM>fe\ idiee' 3?atevl'nu«,

iiimmeh fort;

lu'r

siellt

fii ivciiit Ice' fluti 9)Irtnimt mclj'

3n

fcllcm i^txibeort.

'ffio,

5ell

reaj

ci-

lieli

®rflb,

Imt, liegt!

i« fee' ti-lcubiyelt irie bie,

'IThi attc

I'at

imet

Cufdjtbcti-ieiit;

ba«

Sem

ber S>obt

en'iiVid)

gefieiit.

J)crt Hub m'r, uni« m'r bo uerliett,

Un

too can accomplish great deeds.

these

and " 'S Haemweh" are productions the reading of which strikes a responsive chord in every heart. The

Tort

is.

Olena grutta hen aw too."

Among

" Gray's Elegy" are in English.

be named the poems of the sainted Dr. Henry Harbaugh, than which no better poetry can be found in any language. His " 'S Alt Schulhous an der Krick"

jtce' T'litn fud) nieli' for 'u

spoil everything.

which "the

of a higher literary character, which have already

spoils everything."

Too sharp does not

stick."

to

not to the contrary."

with bait."

and too much

etc.

" So Bchikt der baner es hundli nous, Es soil der Tuckli beisa,

is promotive of health, while deferring work till evening produces poverty. Neia besem Tcehra gut. " New brooms sweep clean." A new employ^ makes a good beginning.

Enticements are held out to dupes. Besser en wenig geleiert 6s g6nz g'feiert. " Better to do a little of something than nothing." Mer muss lewa und lewa lussa. " Live and let live." Zu wenig und zu fiel ferderbt 6lle schpiel. " Too little

sOlz,

HdDsel fOn Booh, Hut lauter gut such, Hut Bchtiwwel un achpora,

"Die sun

brings dry bread." Early rising

mouth of a horse received for a present is not examined." Be not supercilious about a gift. "Beggars must not be choosers." Mit sohpeck fdngt mer die meis. "Mice are caught

wie

Wer fdngt "

Morning red makes red cheeks, evening red

Zub On deiner egna naws. "Pull your own nose." Attend to your own faults. Yedar mus sei egne hout zum gerwer drawga. " Every one must carry his own hide to the tanner." Every one is responsible, amenable for his own actions. Niich ern essa e?i peif duwGck, un dds schteht in der " After a meal a pipe of tobacco, and this is biwel. found in the Bible." A pun on " this," which word is found in the Bible. En blinde s6w findt aw dhamohl en eechel. " A blind hog finds an acorn sometimes." An unsophisticated person may sometimes make a happy hit. Em g'schenkta gout gukt mer net ins moul. " The

schnee,

Butter we sciimfjlz, Pefifer geht iif,

" Early to

brod.

Aw, be, zee, De kOts hukt im

Der schnee geht week. Die kots leit im dreck."

longer.

"

—

:

;

b'liiilti! ill

Smjteit

J)ovt Itice uiifre 'Dcbte

afl'

3ii Sid)t un eir'jer grcib SBic

off, nionii id) in

Iient i* (in fem

Un

n'ott,

SSiili,

renn's nor ®ott'« Witii mat,

3d) ding

Dod)

!

Xrnroel bin,

iljr

loiirt id)

Moi-'b (ag

fdjiieHer jn

bii mei' Sditinblc fi^tiigt,

id)

—

ffielt,

otiu

!

; ;;

;

—

:

THE PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS. The Pennsylvania German with English Admixture. Where the Germans have intercourse with the English, their language has become somewhat contaminated by the introduction of English words. This is but the history of all languages. The fact is that the English language is entirely composed of words from other languages, the greater part of which are Saxon, and, hence, when the German uses an occasional English word or phrase, he but receives the return of what was borrowed from his language. We introduce several examples from the compositions of writers who use the Pennsylvania German with the English admixture, illustrating the kind of Pennsylvania German spoken in localities where the people

Un

'R mant

Un

'r is

Un

ol'a, ^

Dfis

Do

Woa

nuch

pawr,

'n

'd fip.

weibsmfinsh mit er'm kind,

kreisht

De kawrs

'n licht,

so, orich lOng,

w6t ich aw

aitst 'n

'S

is

bUchzich-trip

Se bleiwa n6t

am

dD,l

un dawb,

gat markiwardig shtork,

d&ch

rast dfes

d'r shtawb.

M'r ward fardiekt fun kup zoo foos, Mit koia-Ssh un ahmok Dtich 51 dSs nSmt m'r gnadich 'aw ;

Fr'n zimlich gootar cbok.

Be kars dunSrt durch barg und dawl,

IN D'K TRAIN.

'En lewi lOngi shdtun, se dOrcli 'n tUnSI gat,

Un won

D'no sicbt m'r gor ka' sun. M'r mus aw im'r engstich sei, Se shpringt ob fUn d6r *baw

net g'sheit.

doot ules for de

'Od'r treft f'leicbt 'n rinshtikfee,

leit,

Wos

is

wawr

gOns

we

Gs

weit'r drous

gebt

D'no gSbt's

net so goot in

's

don d'no?

'n

weaht'r aksident,

f rkart, D6 weibaleit warn Omecbtich, De moDsleit sin Trshtart, 'S is ol63

'S

'a

dCich so goot.

di'iwa is 80 'n rot'r karl,

Uf erem

yusht wos ich main Un won m'r argets he wil ga, Don fawrt m'r in d'r train. Sel

'r

Dar gukt

hendich eigericht In uns'ra goota zeit, 'S brouch sich neraond blogil ma, 'Unles

sSl'm shtool,

'N pOra sitst n6t weit aweg, D'r mOcht 'n lOnges g'sicht,

*S is Oles

DV ahtem

sitat in

war

'r

Wecftctt.

don un won, now and then, baim unb luaun. doo, thou or you, 3)ii.

dek'l, lid, Dedel.

doo, dona, doosht, dood, to do, dost, do,

dSk'lglos, tankard, 1)tdti^lai.

d6m,

dop'l, dOp's,

lid, X)c(ie(faiine.

dek'sl, adze, to cut

with adze, JSiummnyt

dorcli,

,

Dfimadi, timothy, £icfd)0rai.

dOrchgaa, to run

anvil on which the edge of a scythe

DeitflcIHutf.

deiik, to think, benfen.

denkzGt'l, reminder, "Dzn^etttL

densar, dancer, Xaiijer, desgleicha, also, too,

off,

to escape, burd)fle^cn, forHaufcn,

througli, Mirdjflcfdjli^t. dtJrchg'widsht, escaped, eiUronucn. Is

hammered,

slit

dorchlawf, diarrhoea, Seibwcb. dOrc'niiuV, in confusion, mixed up, burd)cinaiibcr.

dOrchous, through, by

all means, buri^au?. dOrchous n6t, on no account, burd)au« utd)t. dOrchsana, to look over (a book), burrtjl'thcu.

dOrchseiha, to strain, to beiflleidjeii.

desh'lgront, shepherd's pnrse, 3)efd)elfrau dfismol, for this time, !Die»inal. deat, desk, ^utt.

dezfimb'r,

dorchg'shlidsd,

scythes, dengeln.

little

bitrt^.

dOrchdriwa, thorough, burdjtrtcben,

bciiefl.

hammer

through,

dOrchfola, fall through, burd)fiiUcii.

dfimarung, twilight^ 2)0 mnie rung

deng'lahtuk, a

Dezembor, Dejem&er,

t^u, t^ufl.

durchbringa, to squander, biir^bringcn. dorcbbringar, spendthrift, SBerfd)»)cnter.

demograwt, democrat, Demolrat d6mpa, to coddle, to boil, bamvfcii.

deng'I, to

ttiuit,

a clumsy fellow, iiilpd.

dGr, tar, £I)ccr.

to this, bem.

dena, to those,

bar.tbar.

dOnlibawrkad, thankfulness, gratitude, ^^anlbarlett

2)erfe,

dei'r, plate, Zefler.

dsnki, thanks, S)an!.

donkbawr, thankful, grateful,

deiw'lsdrKk, assafuotida, £eufclsbrccf.

dek'lkon, with n

3)flmpf.

dOn, then, banii.

of Germany, bcutfi^Ianberif^,

deiw'l, devil, Stcufel.

dok, cover,

bier, Saftrc.

dodaglad. shroud, Stobtenlleib.

deb, thief, Dieb.

derashwel,

2)Q(^fontel[.

3)fli^faben.

filter, biin^fciljeii.

dOrchshimara, to be perceptible through, bur(^fd)immMn. dOrchsheina, to shine through, biu-d)fc^eiiiciu dOrchshtficha, to pierce, burd)ftei^en. dCrchsichtig, transparent, burd)fitfetig.

dOrchsucha, to search, to ransack, burd)fu*r

THE PENNSYLVANIA GEKMANS. drCd, trot,

ddrchwSk, throughout, on average, buri^iucg. dOrchwOks, boneset, 2)urd)lrofl(^iS. ddrchzwSnga, to force through, buri^jwenflen.

droura. to mourn, trflucrn.

dOrd'ldoub, turtledove, STurteltaube,

drouarleit, mourners,

dOrm, gut,

droub, grape,

intestine,

Darm.

drouft, to

29

trflS

marry, copuliren. !l?cid)CiU'egtcitCt.

SBeiiitrfliibert.

dOrm'l, giddiness, Staiimel,

drourich, sad, afflicted, traitrtg.

dOrmlich, giddy,

drous, out, outside,*.bavaii5, brougeit,

toutticln.

dOrmsad, gut string, cat gut, IDarmfcUe.

drowa, on the top, batauf, obcn,

dOrn, thorn, ©orrt.

drub, drove, STruppe. draba, drop, Stropfcn,

ddrnich, thorny,

toriitg.

ddrshd, thirst, !Durfi.

drubsa,

dOrshdig,

druf,

thii-sty, burflig.

a dose of medicine,

Xioflj*

douw&, staves (of a barrel), j^aibauBett doumling, thumhstall, Saumliiig.

drukart-i, printing office, 3)rucfcret

druk'r, printer, 3)rurfer.

dou'r, duration, ©aucr.

dou'rhOft, lasting, durable, strong,

ber.

dra, turn, curve, crank, !Erc(ie.

'

drilnk, trunk, ^iijfcr.

draa, to turn, to twist, brc&eit,

drtis'l, trestle, Stajfel

churn, Sultern.

draa, to threaten,

d'g, that,

brofceit.

drabonk, turning lathe,

a short gallop, troUen. drum, drum, Xvommtl. drumbad, clarion, SCvompetc. drumsak, cross-cut saw, gro^e ©fige. druna, among, below, baruiiter, untctt. drtil, troll,

fcaiter'^ftft.

dousgndyarich reich, Millenium, taufenbid^riged 0tei(^, dous6ndgildagrout, gentian, STaurenbgutbcnlrout.

drafi, (bud'r), to

boraiif.

diuka, to print, bnicfen. drukaded'r, dandruff, ®rinb.

doub, pigeon, dove, Xaubc.

dV, the,

it,

drufg'shnopt, died, gefiorben. druka, dry, SLroifen.

dda, that, tlian, ba§, aii. doa,

in trops, tvopfetn.

fall

upon

ba|.

dilbia, to double, boppeirt

!5)re(^fefbanl,

drad'r, treadle, iretcr.

diibl'd, double, boppelt.

dradpoiiar, tread power, Srct'SKaf^ine.

duch, handkercliief, broad cloth, STuc^,

di-ah6nd'I, winch,

dQchd'r, daughter, 3)od)ter.

'3)re(}C.

dudseiid, dozen, !i)u^eiib.

drawm, dream, iraum. drawga, to carry,

dud'lsolt, bagpi|je, Xuibelfacf.

to wear, tragetl.

dreb, dim, cloudy, impure, tru&.

dukd'r, doctor, physician,

drebsawl, tribulation, Xriibfal.

dtiktarii, to

drfichd'r, funnel, S;rid)ter.

9trjt.

take medicine, to be attended by a physician, einen

dr6chd'rblum, morning glory, STri^tcrbfume.

dUktara, to adulterate, uerfalft^en.

drfichd'rkucha, funnel cake, 2:ri(^terfU(^en.

dukmeisich, sneaking, budmaufif^.

drgfa, to hit, treffcn.

duiabawn,

drefta, tares, cheat, Strefje.

daimetsh'r, interpreter, 2)0tmetfd)er.

drei, three,

dum, ignorant,

farei.

stupid, bitmm.

2)ummbciten.

dtimhada, blunders,

dreidradich, having three stands, three-ply, breibratig.

dunijjich, hot, close, (air) bumpfig.

dreiek, dreishpits, triangle, Sreictf.

dunikiip, blockheiid, I)iimiufopf.

dreiekig, triangular, breictfig.

dun, ton, Xoniie. dum'l, to hnrry, to husten.

dreiOng'l, triangle (musical inati'ument,) ^Jrciangel.

»

tulip, SEiilpe.

dreibietrich, threefoil, breiBlfittrig.

frivolities,

dreiwar, coachman, drover, Zxtihtr, ^utfc^er, Sie^^ditbler

dunara, to thunder, boiinerit. dQnarwed'r, thunderstorm, DoiinerWettcr, Oewitter,

dreiyarich, three years old, breiiotjrig

dunk6s, gravy, sauce,

drfik, dirt, 3!)red.

dunkU, dark,

dreiwa, to drive, treibcn.

drekich, dirty, soiled,

bretfig,

dunsbt, vapor,

fd)mu§ii

SPvu!)e,

bunfel. !S)unft.

dr6p, stairs, Xrejjpe.

puplich, spotted,

drgpsia, to dribble, fall in small drops, trijpfein

dushd'r, dusk, twilight, ^afbbunlel.

dresha, to thrash, brefdjcn.

duwok,

drgehden, thrashing

pomace,

drfishd'r,

Strcfter.

drSshmSahen, thrashing machine, 2)refi^mflf^inc. it,

bflfur.

d'rfun, of

it,

from

diibla, to

it,

baoon.

move with small

drid'l, third part,

tobacco,

drops, to patter, triplJcIlU

widow's dower,

brittel.

THE DOCTOR.— DER DUCKTER. Doctor in sicU-room.—Well, what seems to be the matter with Annie? Duckter in der kronka shtoob.— Well, wass Is letz mit der Annie? Mother at bedside. Indeed, I don't know what is the matter. She

drikning, drouth, ©iirre. driia, to drill, britlen.

/

drilsak,

hacksaw, Srtt(*©age.

drin, in

it,

—

inside, bflrin, intueitbig.

driwa, over, on the other side; britben,

iibcr.

driw'r, over, bariiber.

d'rnawa, by the aide

drod, wire,

of,

at the

same

time, bancbeil

*I)ra(ftc.

drOchaiQch, cave,

wax

XabaU

The next specimen consists of several extracts from Ranch's "Pennsylvania Dutch Hand-Book," and exemplifies the manner in which E. H. Ranch, Esq., the editor of the Carboii Democrat ("Pit Schweifelbrenner"), writes Pennsylvania Dutch, as he terms it.

drika, to press, to squeeze, briiien,

drOch, dragon,

flectig, geflecft.

floor, ©i^cuerflur

dreshfifig'l, flail, 2)rcfc^flescl.

d'rfor, for

Strjt

tjaben.

§ijljle.

ends, (shoemaker) 2)ra'bt.

drodshdumba, shoemakers' ends, wax ends, drodgOrn, shoemakers' thread, 2)Viiljt3arii, drodzOng, pliers, ©ra^tjaitgc. drok, trough, Zrofl. drOu; flehoil, Xf}van»

!Drattteitben«

was ailing all of yesterday and last night, with severe headache and feverish, and it seems to me also that she has a swelling of the neck. Mooter om side fum bet.— Eei ich wais g'wiss net wo's failed. Se hut gaclaug'd geshter der gons dawg un aw de letsht naucht, hut kupwEe un fever, un es coomd mer aw fore era hola wa3r g'ahwuUa. D. (Feeling pulse.) Yes, she seems to be a little feverish. Annie, just let me see your tongue. Yes, that's it. Has Annie been eating anything this

morning?

D. (Feeld der pools.) Yaw, se sheind a wennich feverish tzu si. Annie, weis mer amohl di tzoong. Yaw, so is 'a. Hut de Annie ebbfca g'essa den morya? M. No, not a mouthful except two soft boiled eggs, a piece of toast

:

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

30

well buttered, and a piece of steak about half as big as my hand. She drank two cupa of coffee, however. M. Nay, net a mowlful except tzwae waich gakuchty oyer, a, shtick toast goot gabooterd un a shtick flaish net holb so gross os my hond. Se hut aw tzwje cuplin coffee gadroonka.

may

D, Oh, then her case

not necessarily be a serious one.

At

all

events, I think we'll soon get her over this attack.

D. Oh, don

Anyhow,

era case doch net g'fairlicb.

ia

ich

denk mer

wserra se bol ivver den attack bringa.

—

DRY

—

Just please step this way. Here are the beat gooda ever C. Tes 'm. produced— pei-fectly faultleas. Here is a piece at a dollar; and here at one and a quarter this at one dollar sixty, and here still better at one ;

eighty.

M. I hope BO, for I don't know what I'd do if Annie would die it would set me crazy. M. Ich will so hufifa, for ich wais net wass ich du dait wann de Annie shtarwa set es dait mer narrich maucha.

goot un shtep den waig. Dob sin de beahty gooda Taw, yeamohia g'maucht sin warra, parted un failer-fri. Dob is 'u nu dos dob a shtick on a dawler; un dob on anes un a fsertle dawler un sechtzich, un doh ols noch besser for an dawler un auchC.

;

tzich.

:

M. What

that's the matter

Is it

gestion of the brain,

M. Wass

is es

gaharn haisa D.

No

indeed

with ber

—

it isn't

what they

call con-

is it?

os era failed

—

E. Sure that thia is the best ? L. Sure os des 's besht ia?

net wass se de congestian

is 's

fum

that kind

—

mental prostration. D. Nay, nay, nix fun der awrt es isyoosht an ivverlawdung fum mawga un a wennich kalt os an narfishe unru ferooraaucht mit a wennich gameets fershwecherung.

—

Annie

very sick

is

— seriously sick, and

I'm sure she

needs medicine.

M. Awer duckter, de Annie

is

orrick

is

kronk

—g'fairlich kronk, un

bawa moos.

ich bin sure os se meditzeen

—

she's sick, but what I mean not in that sort of condition as to cause the least alarm.

D. Well yes, of course,

as I say

it's

D. Well yaw, of course, ea icb

mane

saucha

D.

ich sawg, se

os se net in so a condition

is,

is

she

unru feroor

well— you are sure it'sthebest? Mrs. Jenkins baa a dress me unsui-passed, and I want none below that grade. L, Es gookt ahse bisht sure os des 's besht ia oa tzu bawa is? De Mrs. Jenkins hut 'n dress os mer ivvertrefflich fore coomd un ich will nix os net uf coomd tzu eras. C. Why Mrs. Jenkins' dress to which you refer is from this very piece, and you say truly, it is unsurpassed. C. Ei der Mrs. Jenkins era dress ia fun dem very same shtick, un du husht recht wanu du sawgsht 's is ivvertrefflich. L, Then you have none to beat this, have you ? that seemed to

—

L. C,

and

it's

what they

call diphtheria

Oh

?

;

I do hope she'll get

No is,

diphtheria at I can't

other than as I stated

D. Gor awrt.

kffi

De

I

ich

du huffa

in fact nothing serious of

se

any kind. is none

—slightly indisposed.

is,

un

kronkheit

is,

nawma

that there

is

nothing serious the matter with

Annie.

D. Well, dn mawgsht for der Duckter Shmit shicka wana du wit un wann du doosht, don wa^rd or aw fallens agreea mit mer os gor nix g'fairlichea mit der Annie I'll

take your word for

is. it,

but, then

I'm sure ahe needs some

medicine.

M. Well,

ich will don di wardt derfore

08 se doch meditzeen

D. Oh dera

if

you'll let

nemma, awer,

me have

and I mean

to give

a piece of paper

—the very thing that will bring her

I'll

L.

C.

flnf

L.

sugar every two hours, and as he to suspect that after all

ahe

left

directed one to be taken in

the room, Annie's mother began needlessly alarmed.

may have been

Der Duckter hut de pilferlin prepared un g'orderd anes ei tzu gevva oily tzwre shtoond, un we ar tzu der shtoob nous is, but der Annie era mooter suspecli os cm end hut se kee ursauch g'hot for unrooich tzu

si.

Wass

ia

der price

fum dem

shtick os g'figgerd is; ich

denk de

un

is

es is

iigger gebt

?

two ten

—just

twenty-five cents per yard

Well, der price fun

dem

is

tzwse dawler

un

tzse

—yusht

cent

un tzwonsich cent de yord mainer.

Don

is

is it?

des doh haicher in price?

C. Yes, twenty-five cents higher,

and I think

it

worth fully that much

C.

Yaw,

finf

un tzwonsich cent haicher, un ich denk

es ia

aw

fullens HO feel niai weert.

know but

and I think it looks yet richer than don't you think so too? wase net eb 's net so is, un ich denk es gookt noch reicher OS der Mrs. Jenkins eras denksht net aw so? C. Oh certainly, it's richer and better. L. I don't

Mr8. Jenkins'

that it

ia,

—

L. Ich

—

C.

Yaw

gawiss, es

is

reicher nn besser.

take— let me see— eighteen yards- and you may fill the necessary trimmings, and send it up to No. 945 Quality Street. The bill L. Well,

I'll

my

husband, Mr. Swelling, at his

office.

No. 2S Fiuawe

Avenue. L. Well, ich

nemn— luss mohl sana— anchtzain

yard,

un du

mawgsht de trimmings adda, un shicks nuf tzu nummer nine hoonert un fiuf un fairtzich (945) Quality Sbtrose, De bill shicksht tzu meim monn on siner ofiBce, nummer aucht un tzwonsich (28) Finawe Avenue.

twenty-four

tzwonsich shtoond.

The doctor prepared the powders, and

is 'n

shenner

more.

hours.,

D. Oh yaw, of course, un ich will aw gevva yooaht wass sebraucht, un wann du mer 'n shtick bobbeer gebsht will ich etlich pilferlin prepara forse; un selly bringa se roua in wennicher OB feer un

's

more.

her just what she prepare aome pow-

all right inside of

— doh

fun taste eb

'n froke

you'll send to ich bin aure

bawa mus.

yes, of course she does,

needs, and

I incline to think itia richer in consequence

L. It's higher priced, then,

to give her any medicine, are you? If you have to send for Doctor Smith, because I'm as certain as I live that Annie is seriously sick. M. Demnoch wid era kae meditzeen gevva; wann net shick ich for der Duckter Shmit, for ich bin so sure os icb lajb os de Annie g'fairlich kronk is. D. Well, you may send for Doctor Smith it you will, and if you do, he

me

os dea beata con? a pieceof figured goods, equal as to quality

dem a shenners awsai. L What's the price of it?

awer yoosht a wennich

I'll

M. Well

is

Well, luBB mieb sana

yoosht

M. Then yuu are not going

will fully agree with

here

as a matter of taste.

fun kronkheit

ung'aoondichkeit.

won't,

see,

0. Well, the price of this is

in fact gor nix g'fairlichs fun ennicher

ich con kse particularer

es kae realy

me

of the figure.

particular complaint, because there

diphtheria,

fact

gevra well

and

all,

name any

Oh

Demnoch husht nix

Well, let

C,

wass se diphtheria haisa?

is 's

to

gooda 06 dedoh beata keniia.

kronk, awer wass

os enniche

is

ia,

New

nothing anywhere

is

L. It looks

it.

M. Ferleicht coomd drivver. Fact

we

set.

M. May be over

is

There

lurnisb.

C. Ferlues dich druf, des is 's very beaht os mer kawfa con in de leading heiser in Nei Yorrick odder Philadelphia. Esaingorkaa

only a case of overtasking

it's

little

doctor,

thia is the very best that the leading houses of

it,

surpass these goods.

the stomach and a slight cold, causing some nervous agitation, with a

M. But

Rely on

C.

York and Philadelphia can

?

— nothing of

Si so

OS

—

D. Don't be uneasy, she'll be all right in a day or two no danger at all. D. Si net unruish, se coomd oil recbt in a dawg odder tzwaB gor kfB g'fore.

GOODS.

Clerk.— How do you do to-day, mam. Can I be of any service to you? Clarrick. We maucbts heit. Con ich ebbas du for dich ? Xiady.— I want to see some of your best black silks. Lady.— Ich will amohl eier beshter shwartza sida sana.

Religion and Education.— Tacitus, the Latin histwo thousand years ago, gave a description of

torian,

German character, which, at this day, as far as the virtues ascribed to them are concerned, is applicable to the Pennsylvania Germans. These bold

the

pioneers in the settlement of Pennsylvania had brought with them from the fatherland their re-

THE PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS. ligion, love for education

and liberty, their industry, economy, and indomitable perseverance. Equipped and adorned with these as their capital and accom-

in abeyance till, after further instruction of mind and conscience, they attain to the proper standard. Members of congregations are subjected to an examina-

plishments, they gained possession of the fertile valand of the hill-sides, even to the summits, which

tion before they are admitted to the commuuion-table. If any are at variance with their neighbors, a recon-

have been caused by their labors to blossom as the rose, to yield to them abundantly the fruits of the soil, and to gladden the eye of the observer as once did the fertilities of Goshen, the beauties of Sharon, the rich abundance of Canaan, and the enchantments

ciliation

leys

of Paradise.

Among

—

the few treasures very few they had brought from their homes beyond the sea were a Bible, a Psalter, Starke's

indeed

— which

" GebiSt Buch,"

and Arndt's " Wahres Christenthum." Not one of them was without religion and education, two precious legacies which they had brought from the Fatherland and transmitted to their posterity. Houses of worship were erected in every community, which, though but rude structures, afforded them places in which to worship the God of their fathers. worthy of mention, too, that these church hundreds of them in Eastern Pennsylvania, have been built and owned conjointly by different denominations, sometimes three of them using and owning the edifice, having services on alternate Sundays, or on different hours of the same day, by agreement, worshiping under the same roof for a century without a jar or discord. Where, in all this land, can another section of country be found in which brethren of diflerent religious faiths have thus dwelt together in unity ? It is doubtful, indeed, whether anywhere in Christendom a parallel case can be found, except, perhaps, in Germany, the native country of It

is

edifices, I

31

these people, where, in certain localities, Protestants

—

and Catholics worship in the same churches, the one body of Christians occupying the building in the forenoon, and the other in the afternoon, of the same day.

The

children,

when of proper

age, are instructed

and encouraged to become members of the church of their parents. So carefully and conscientiously were these duties discharged by parents, that fifty years ago it was diflScult to find an adult who was without church-membership. It was looked upon as greatly to the discredit of any one who lived to the age of manhood without having made a profession of religion. When any of these sporadic cases were found, ministers of the gospel regarded it their duty to make a public example of them, and to hold them up as a warning to others on the day of their reception as members of the conin the principles of religion,

gregation.

must be effected before they can come to the Lord's table. Those that live in outward and gross sins are prohibited from

communing

until they

have given evidence of sincere repentance. Those who have been guilty of overt acts of transgression are required to do Kerohabusz until they give satisfactory evidence of a reformation of their hearts and lives. Suicides were formerly buried on the outside of the graveyard, or in a remote corner within, away from all others. The graveyard [Oottes Acker) is always hard by the church, and regular sermons are preached in the church on funeral occasions. Tj'he educational interests of the young have always received special attention at the hands of the Germans. In the Fatherland every child is compelled to attend school from the age of seven to fourteen. To find a German who cannot read and write is as much of an impossibility as to find one of fourteen years and over who is not a confirmed member of the church.

In conformity with the custom and

spirit of the

Fatherland, a church and school-house were the

first

sires

among

buildings erected by the sons of their worthy

as they reached America.

In every German

community of Pennsylvania, from the Delaware to Lake Erie, this custom was perpetuated. The old standing at many places, though simple and primitive in their style of architecture, bear testimony to the high value which these people placed on education. Teachers too, not land laefer and ignoramuses, but regularly-trained instructors coming from the gymnasia and schul-lehrer seminarien of the old country, were employed whenever the early settlers could command the means for doing so. These teachers were not mere itinerants, who taught a term and then left, but they were permanently employed. Houses were furnished them, and farms, containing in some cases a hundred acres, were set apart for the use of the teacher, who at the same time was also the organist of the church and musical instructor. He was the foresingcr, not the chorister nor the leader of the singing, but everything that the word foresinger edifices, still

—

implies.

The

teacher was as indispensable in

respects as the preacher,

him.

In

many

many

and ranked only second

to

cases he took the preacher's place,

especially so in conducting the services in the absence

of the minister, in which case, though not permitted to enter the pulpit, as that belonged to the minister exclu-

Church discipline was also rigidly enforced, and though more or less laxity has crept into some of the churches of the present time, yet in most of them

sively, in distinction of his office,

the careful practices of the fathers are preserved.

case in the sparsely settled sections of the

Examinations of candidates for church membership are made, and such as do not come up to the requirement of intellectual and moral qualification are held

Southwest, was the school-teacher, being engaged six days of the week in teaching, and preaching to the

the

altar.

he read a sermon at Frequently the minister, as is now the

West and

congregation on Sunday, as well as holding kinnerlehr.

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

32

The Pennsylvania Germans a

century, and even were almost without exception farmers, mechanics, and laborers. Their daily toil on the farm and their trades kept the children so busily engaged that they had but little time at their command for school or study. The consequence was that the education of many was sadly neglected not because the parents disparaged education, but from ago,

years,

fifty

;

They did not its

so readily adopt the public-school

earlier days as

some of

their English

neighbors, but this was not because they were unfriendly to education

enriched, and lives thereon, as their proverb has it, wie en fogel im Mnfsawma. Nowhere, from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, can farms be found in as high a state of cultivation, stocked with as fine sheep, horses, and cattle,

and as well improved with

and schools. Neither is

their op-

position to the public school system to be attributed to

ignorance, as those not conversant with the facts some-

There are two reasons for it. Coming from a land where religion is taught in the schools, they feared that in State schools their most precious heritage, religion and religious instruction, would be ignored, and the moral nature of their children left uncared for by a merely secular education. And, in times think.

the second place, with their intense love of liberty,

The

large Schweitzer scheuer, Swiss barn,

and are now

its

warmest sup-

porters.

—

Their Traits of Character. The greater part of the Pennsylvania Germans are farmers, hardy and industrious

tillers

women

Though not seen a

common

the

assist

the

In

men

following the plow,

cows, and the like.

If

it

be a

that they work too much.

are robust,

many

of the

in farm-work.

it is

them engaged hoeing and husking

sight to see

binding grain,

young

They

soil.

and hard workers.

strong, healthy,

rural districts

of

nevertheless

in raking hay,

corn,

milking

failing, their failing is

Ofttimes

we have

seen

whose parents were worth their thousands engaged as servants, waiting on tables at boarding-school where their brothers were attending as students. While these women may not be experts at the piano, and yet they sometimes are, they understand practically how to bake bread, fry beefsteak, and prepare a most sumptuous and tempting meal. Every mother educates her daughters in the art of housekeeping before they are permitted to leave the ladies

maternal roof. Solomon's description of a diligent wife could not have been more accurate than it is, if he had taken a Pennsylvania German girl for his model. As farmers, the Pennsylvania Germans have no Their good native judgment guides them superiors.

and they always have the Many a worn-out farm, on which

own

beasts with great consideration, foregoing their

convenience rather than that their cattle and horses should suffer. The horse is stabled and fed before the owner looks after his own wants, thus fulfilling the

"the righteous man regardeth

are purchased, regardless of cost.

free school system,

a struc-

It is

they

convinced that such a course was not con-

is

one of the first neEven when his house is incessities of the farmer. different in style, and cramped in the interior for room, the barn is commodious and supplied with all the modern conveniences. The heavy farm horses, which are always kept scrupulously clean and well fed, reThey treat their flect great credit on their owners. ture peculiar to this people.

scriptural precept that

templated, they became the ardent advocates of a

fine,

counties

of Pennsylvania.

and having come from a land where church and state are united, producing a most unhappy state of things, they sought to preserve that freedom which they enjoyed here, and feared that by the establishment of State schools a step might be taken looking towards a union of school, church, and state. As soon as felt

German

large, convenient buildings, as in the

almost inevitable circumstances.

system in

the original possessor starved, has been purchased at and the soil's fertility reclaimed by these people. In a few years the new possessor becomes sheriff's sale

the

life

of his beast."

The Pennsylvania German farmer has all the improved tools and machinery. His grain is sown, harvested, threshed,

machines.

and cleaned by means of the

All the latest inventions,

if

best

proved good,

His dairy has the modern improvements, and a creamery is found in almost every neighborhood. The improved breeds of cattle are procured for dairy purposes, hundreds of dollars being

frequently paid

a

for

Fruit-trees are found, not only in the

choice heifer.

immediate

sur->

roundings of the buildings, but entire orchards of choice varieties of apples, ijears, peaches, plums, etc., are found on almost every farm. It is not uncommon to meet from twelve to twenty varieties of grapes on a farm. In many sections tobacco is raised and great profits derived therefrom.

German farmer is a new crop can be

The

fact

is,

the Pennsyl-

vania

progressive,

that

cultivated to advantage, he

npt slow in introducing

it.

and when he

He may

finds is

not have studied

agricultural

chemistry theoretically, but he knows experimentally how to adapt his crops to the soil, or the soil to the crops, ingredients

how

to rotate crops,

and what

necessary to supply to the soil. He has probably not studied higher arithmetic, algebra, it is

or x^.^ o >4^A^

^'O

—

THE MEDICAL PROFESSION. ticed for a continuous period of forty years. in life the city of

Reading became

his

Later

home, where

his death occurred in 1880.

He

married Miss Catharine, daughter of George Schall, of Pike township, Berks Co., and had children,— George, Mary (wifeof Rev. G. A. Hinterleitner, of Pottsville, Pa.), William,

Hannah

(Mrs. E. W.Gil-

of Reading), and John (deceased). William was born Sept. 24, 1833, in Pike township, Berks Co., and received his education at the Williston Seminary, Easthampton, Mass., after which he began the study of medicine, and graduated from the Jefferson Medibert,

cal

College, Philadelphia, in

1855.

He

located at

Trexlertown, Upper Macungie township, and has since enjoyed an extended practice. His skillful treat-

ment of the many forms

of disease has brought

him

into intimate professional relations with the leading

and given him an exclusive field in the village of his residence, where he is the only physician. The doctor has made a specialty of the science of botany, his attainments having secured for him a professor's chair in Muhlenberg College, Allentown, which he filled for seven years. He has been since 1860 a member of both the State and County Medical Societies. He was for thirteen years associated with the Lehigh County almshouse as physician. The doctor was married, in 1858, to Elnora B., daughter of David Schall, of Trexlertown. Their children are H. Herbert, a graduate of Muhlenberg College, and of the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, who is a practitioner at Wilmington, Del., and one daughter, Dr. Herbst is a director of the Allentown Oarrie. National Bank, and actively identified with the business interests of the township in which he resides. families in a large area of territory,

In religion he is a Lutheran, and member of the Lutheran Church of Trexlertown. In politics he is a Democrat, but not active in the arena of politics. Aaron Miller, M.D., traces his lineage for several generations to Christian Miller, Sr., who was born June 5, 1706, and died July 11, 1785. His son Christian, Jr., was born Jan. 6, 1741, and died Oct. The birth of Peter, son of the last named, 24, 1763.

and grandfather of Dr. Aaron Miller, occurred Jan. He was 19, 1772, and his death Aug. 22, 1855. married to Maria Bachman, daughter of Nicholas Bachman, with whom he spent sixty-two years of married life. His son Peter was born Dec. 4, 1802, and married Magdalena, daughter of the late Joseph Saeger. Their children are Maria L. (married to Levi Krauss), William F. Miller (deceased), Matilda (married to Hon. Samuel J. Kistler), Joseph F. Miller (deceased), Owen H. Miller, Aaron S. Miller, M.D., Edward P. Miller, M.D., Sophia R. (married to Dr. William G. M. Seiple, of Lehighton), and Sarah A. Miller (deceased). Aaron, the subject of this sketch, was born July 1, 1839, in Saegersville, Lehigh Co., Pa., where his early life

was passed.

He

received his earliest education at

67

the village school, and later became a pupil of the leading school of Allentown, after which he prose-

cuted his studies at Kingston, Luzerne Co., Pa. He early decided upon a professional career, and in 1859 began the study of medicine with Dr. David 0. Mosser, of

Breinigsville,

Lehigh

Co.,

which was

continued with Dr. D. D. Shade, of Steinsville, Pa. He attended lectures at the Medical College of the University of

New

York, and graduated from that

institution in the spring of 1862.

He

first

located at

Germansville, Pa., and after a successful practice of two years removed to Saegersville, where he has since followed his profession. From the first Dr. Miller enjoyed an extended practice, which has also been

and lucrative. Like most country prache engages in a general practice, including such occasional cases of surgery as come under his observation. He is a close student, drawing, his wisdom not less from experience than from intelligent reading of the standard works of the day. The doctor was married in 1863, to Miss Sarah K., daughter of William Mosser, of Albany, Berks Co. Their children are Cora A., Peter W., Maggie S., Sophia R., and Franklin A. The doctor is in politics a Republican, but so exclusively devoted to his profession as to have little leisure for matters of public concern. He is the owner of a productive farm, and is also a director of the Saegersville Slate Mining and Manufacturing Company, and engaged in other business successful titioners

operations.

He

is

in religion a

man Reformed Church,

member

of the Ger-

of Heidelberg.

Jacob S. Shimer, M.D., son of Charles B. Shimer, born in Shimersville, in Upper Milford, April 4, 1836, studied medicine in the University of Pennsylvania,

—

andgraduated in the spring of 1857. The same year he entered into partnership with Dr. Samuel R. Rittenhouse, in Macungie, where he practiced medicine for eleven months. Married the same year Miss Caro-

Removed in the year 1858 to Bethlehem, where he practiced his profession for only a few months, and removed to his native place (Shimersville), and practiced medicine for about lina C. Smith, of Philadelphia.

He

sold his property in 1865 to Dr. A. In 1863 Dr. Shimer united himself with the Evangelical Association, and was licensed six years.

M. Sigmund.

in the spring of 1866 as a minister of the gospel.

He

continued to preach the gospel in several circuits of the church, in Montgomery County, Camden, N. J., and Philadelphia for several years. He was then compelled to resign his ministerial charge on account of poor health, and returned to his medical profession,

and

is

since practicing medicine in Phila-

Besides his medical business, he has been since 1880 a corresponding editor of a non-sectarian delphia.

quarterly magazine, Vierteljahrsohrift fur Wissenschaftliche und Praktuchc Theologie (in German), published by Lauer & Yost, Cleveland, Ohio. Dr. Albert M. Sigmund, son of Frederick Sigmund, the ironmaster, was born in Upper Milford on Feb.

HISTOKY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

68

He

27, 1839.

studied medicine in the University of

Pennsylvania, and graduated in 1860 went in practice the same year with Dr. J. H. Dickensheid, in ;

Lower Milford; went the same

year,

when

his father

Henry, and purchased their father's furnace (Hampton Furnace), and became also an ironmaster. In 1863 he was commissioned surgeon in the Union army for about two years. In 1865 he purchased the residence of Dr. Jacob S. Shimer, situated in Shimersville, where he practiced medicine over seven years, and died April 10, 1872, aged thirty-three years, one month, thirteen days. Dr. Theodore C. Yeager, son of the Rev. Joshua Yeager, studied medicine with Dr. Charles L. Martin, of Allentown graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, and practiced in Allentown until died, in partnership with his brother

;

his death, Jan. 14, 1874, at the age of thirty-five years.

He

was elected mayor of the

city in 1873.

Dr. Charles Appel, born in 1841, studied medicine in the Pennsylvania University, in 1872 in Zionsville, in

and went in practice

Upper Milford, and

is still

Dr. Robert C. King, born in 1854 in Northampton

County, studied medicine in the University of Pennsylvania graduated in 1875. During the last eight ;

years he has been a practicing physician in Limeport,

Lower

had hitherto practiced

in the village of Trexlertown a short time as a homoeopath. He is now living in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he is considered one of the foremost homoepathists of the city, and where the Pulte for

Homoeopathic Medical College has been established Dr. Bauer practiced homoeopathy for a short time in Lynn township, this county. The Homoeopathic Society held regular meetings at Bethlehem, Allentown, and at the residences of its members. Its objects were the advancement of homoeopathy among the profession, interchange of experience, and mutual improvement. The result of these meetings was the establishment of a homoeopathic school at Allentown, which its founders called " The North American Academy of the Homoepathic Healing Art." This was the first homceopathic medical college in the world. It was founded on the 10th of in his honor.

April, 1835, the eightieth anniversary of the birth

practicing there.

in

and Adjacent Counties," which, of course, included Lehigh. The members from Lehigh were, besides Dr. Romig and Rev. Helfrich, two German physicians, Dr. Joseph Pulte and Dr. Adolph Bauer. Dr. Pulte

Milford.

of Dr. Hahnemann, the celebrated founder of the homoeopathic system. Some time previous to this Dr. Constantine Hering

had begun the practice of homoeopathy in Philadelphia. He was requested to come to Allentown and

He

History of Homoeopathy in Lehigh County.'— Homoeopathy was introduced into Lehigh County, in the fall of the year 1830, by two Lehigh County men. Dr. John Romig, of Allentown, and Rev. John Helfrich, of Weiasenberg township. Dr. Romig, who

be president of the new college.

remains with us to this day as one of our most esteemed citizens, had up to that time been an allopathic physician. As such he was very popular and had a large practice. Rev. Helfrich ministered to the spiritual wants of several congregations in this

The last named resided at Hellertown, Northampton Co. He was the man who, on the 24th of July, 1828, had prescribed the first dose of homceopathic medicine ever given in this State. The remedy was Pulsatilla, and was given to a lady at Bethlehem on whom several doctors had tried all their remedies

and adjoining

counties. Both gentlemen had been induced to take up the new system of medicine by

:

willer.

without success.

Dr. Detwiller cured her very speedily

Dr. William Wesselhoeft, of Bath, Northampton Co., who, before his conversion, had also been an allo-

by the use of the above-named remedy.

pathic physician of great ability. Dr. Wesselhoeft was among the

pathic

homoeopathic physicians in this country, and became an enthusiastic advocate of the new system. He had seen the evil effects of allopathic

first

and with indomitable making a change for of the year 1830 that he

practice,

will set himself to the task of

the better.

began

to

It

was in the

make weekly

fall

the house of Rev. HelWeissenberg, for the purpose of instructing the latter in homfflopathic practice. Here a number of patients were regularly present, so that the new healing system could at once be put to a practical test. visits to

frich, in

The

results of this clinic and dispensary were very encouraging, and these meetings were kept up until

Aug.

23, 1834.

known

as "

On

this

day was organized a

The Homoepathic 1

By

Society of

F. J. Slough,

M.D.

society,

Northampton

accepted the

and became the leading spirit of the institution. The faculty of the academy comprised the following gentlemen Drs. Hering, William Wesselhoeft, E. Freytag, John Romig, J. H. Pulte, and Henry Detcall,

The

course of instruction followed in the Homoeo-

Academy was

entirely

German.

of a high standard, and given

annual session lasted from The buildings occupied by the school were three stories high, and had two wings, each sixty by forty feet. While it was in operation several homoeopathic books were translated from the German, and a monthly jourin.

the 1st of

nal

known

ischeii

November

Its

to the 31st of August.

as the Correspondaizblatt der Homoopatk-

Airzte was published.

The academy continued years,

when, unfortunately,

to flourish for about six its

treasurer, Mr. John

became financially embarrassed. Mr. Rice up to this time had been a man of high standing in the community, and was cashier of the Northampton Bank, which was located at Allentown. This bank failed, and a general panic followed. As Allentown Rice,

then was but a small country town, with no prospect of an early escape from the results of the panic, the

THE MEDICAL PROFESSION. above-named medical gentlemen thought it best to separate and introduce homoeopathy into different sections of the country.

Accordingly, Dr. Hering,

the president of the academy, removed to Philadelphia,

where he became very eminent, and took a lead-

ing part in the organization of the Homoeopathic

Medical College of Pennsylvania. Dr. Wesselhoeft removed to Boston. There he became one of the most prominent homceopathists of that city, and at his death left his sons to perpetuate the honor of his name. Dr. Pulte, as before stated, went to Cincinnati, where he still resides as one of the most honored physicians of the West. Dr. Eomig remained in Allentown, and Dr. Detwiller subsequently removed from Hellertown to Easton, where he remains to this day, being known and respected throughout the enThere is no doubt that the actire Lehigh Valley. tion of these men in thus separating and introducing their medical system into new parts of the country was a wise one, as the result was for the benefit of a

much greater part of the population. The only homoeopathic physicians remaining in

the

69

began to practice homoeopathy to some extent, as they have continued to do until the present day. Since 1835 many families in the county have procured works on domestic medicine, based on the new system, together with a case of homoeopathic remedies. In this way many who had no homoeopathic doctor in their vicinity have been able to cure their own ailments and to prevent serious illness. In the beginning of 1860, Frank J. Slough, of began the study of medicine,

Claussville, this county,

and of homceopathy

in particular,

with Dr.

Helfrich, then residing at Fogelsville.

On

J.

Henry

the 3d of

March, 1862, he graduated from the Homosopathic Medical College in Philadelphia as the first graduate Within a month of that institution in this county. thereafter Dr. Slough entered into partnership with In this position he his preceptor at Fogelsville. remained until November, 1864, when Dr. Helfrich removed to Kutztown, leaving his partner, who had his son-in-law, alone at the

shortly before

become

former place.

Dr. Slough continued to practice at

Fogelsville until October, 1875,

when he left

that field

and

county after the close of the academy were Dr. John Romig and Rev. John Helfrich, who had graduated Their at the academy during its existence here. number was not increased until 1846, when Dr. J. Henry Helfrich, son of Eev. John Helfrich, who had just graduated at the Pennsylvania Medical College, in Philadelphia, there was no homoeopathic school in existence at that time, began to practice at Kern's Mill, Lehigh Co. A few years later he took up his father's practice in Weissenberg. Here he remained until 1858, when he removed to the village of Fogelsville, Lehigh Co. In 1866 he left this place and went to Kutztown, Berks Co., where he practiced for eleven years. In the spring of 1877 he sold out his business in Kutztown, and came to Allentown, where he is still located as an Dr. Helfrich is a man of wonactive practitioner. It is doubtful whether any physiderful endurance. cian in the county has worked harder during his life Wherever he loin the practice of his profession. cated he had a very extensive practice. He devoted his whole time to his chosen work, and no outside

in charge of his brother, Dr. Chester Slough,

had any charms for him. In 1849, Kev. John Helfrich, M.D., published a German work on homoeopathic veterinary practice. This was the first book on this subject published in this

macy she devoted her time almost exclusively to the advancement of the business. Her husband. Dr. F.

—

—

influences

country.

From

1846 to 1862 no physicians in this county took exclusively, though there were several

came

to Allentown.

Here he

established, in connec-

tion with his professional practice, a homoeopathic

pharmacy, locating it at No. 845 Hamilton Street, corner of Ninth. This sort of pharmacy was then a new thing, not only in Allentown, but in all Eastern Pennsylvania, except Philadelphia. It naturally caused quite a sensation, as it was not a small affair,

but a large and well-stocked drug-store, attractive and fully up to the times, or rather ahead of the times, as they were then. It proved a complete success, and powerfully influenced the community in favor of homoeopathy. Meanwhile, Dr. Slough's professional

much that in February, 1877, he pharmacy to Dr. J. Henry Helfrich, who at that time moved into this city from Kutztown. Dr. Helfrich continued the business at the same place for several years, when, his practice having also become practice increased so sold the

quite extensive, he gave

daughter, Mrs. A.

it

into the possession of his

M. Slough, wife

of Dr.

P.

J.

Slough.

When

Mrs. Slough had taken charge of the phar-

J. Slough, still continues a large practice.

He

is

a

of the American Institute of Homceopathy, of the State Medical Society of Pennsylvania, of the Homoeopathic Society of the Lehigh Valley, and

member

up homoeopathy

of the Homoeopathic Pharmaceutical Association of

along with the old system. Such were Dr. Charles L. Martin, of Allentown, and Dr. Samuel E. Eittenhouse, of Millerstown, now Macun-

Pennsylvania.

who

practiced

it

About the year 1865 the latter removed to Beading, where he became an exclusive homoeopathist, and one of the leading physicians of that city. During the same period Dr. William Herbst, of gie.

Trexlertown, and Dr. Joshua Kern, of Siegersville,

In 1866 homceopathy began to gain new advocates Quite a number of physicians took up the new system. Some followed it almost exclu-

in this county.

while others practiced homoeopathy or allopathy according to the preference of their patients. In the spring of 1866, Dr. Constantine H. Martin started in homo3opathic practice with his father, Dr. sively,

a

HISTOEY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

70

Charles L. Martin, at the corner of Seventh and

Walnut

AUentown.

He

mann Medical

College of Pennsylvania. He compractice at Slatington, succeeding Dr. J. 6, Grosscup, also a native of Lynn, and a graduate of

menced

remains there to this day, being now associated with his brother. Dr. Charles D. Martin, who graduated in 1867. Both have an extensive practice and are highly esteemed

ticed at Slatington for about six years,

by the community.

moved

Streets,

In 1867, Dr. M. J. Lichtenwallner, of Upper Macungie, graduated from the Homceopathic College of Pennsylvania.

For several years he practiced in the (now Macungie), but becomprofession, he abandoned it entirely

village of Millerstown

ing tired of his

the Homoeopathic College.

and now

re-

Beading, where, in addition to his regular practice, he opened a homoeopathic pharmacy. Dr. Holben remains at Slatington, where his services are to

largely in demand. He is a member of the Pennsylvania and the Lehigh Valley Homoeopathic Societies.

On

the 10th of March, 1875, John H. Helfrich, W. A. Helfrich, of Fogelsville, graduated

and entered into other business. In 1870 and 1871, Drs. William H. and George M. Eomig, sons of Dr. John Eomig, who has been men-

son of Eev.

tioned, began the

until the winter of 1882,

practice of medicine with their

Dr. Grosscup had prac-

at the

He

Hahnemann Medical

located at

College of Philadelphia.

Emaus, where he continued

to practice

when he accompanied

his

father in this city, where they remain to this day,

father on a trip to Florida.

both enjoying a large and remunerative practice. For the past few years Dr. George M. Eomig has made a specialty of treating diseases of the eye. In the spring of 1869, William Chester Slough, of

months, he settled at Fogelsville, associating with his brother, Dr. Calvin Helfrich. The latter is a graduate

Claussville, graduated

from the

College of Philadelphia.

Hahnemann Medical

Soon

after he began to practice at Fogelsville, this county, with his brother. Dr. F. J. Slough. This partnership continued until

1875,

when the

latter

removed

to

AUentown, and Dr.

Chester Slough took their united practice to himself He remained at Fogelsville until the winter of 1882, when he went to Emaus, where he has since built up a large practice.

About the year 1870, Dr. Francis Freytag, a GeTman, who had practiced homoeopathy in the Western States, came to AUentown and succeeded in establishing a good practice, especially in the treatment of chronic cases.

Dr. Freytag died here Sept. 23, 1882. Dr. Daniel Yoder, a native of this county, and a graduate of the Pennsylvania Medical College, class of 1858, began to practice at Catasauqua as an allo-

pathist.

He

continued thus more or

less until

about

when he gradually became a convert to homoeopathy, and at last adopted the new system exclu1870,

sively.

He

has a large practice, in which he is very successful, and is highly honored by the community.

He

was the first president of the Lehigh Valley Homreopathic Society he is a member of the Amer;

ican

Institute of

Homceopathy and of the State

Medical Society of Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1866, Dr. W. A. Hassler, a native of this county, graduated from the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia as an allopathist. He settled in AUentown, where he also became a conyert to the new system. His practice is large and remunerative, and he enjoys the respect and confidence of the community. He is a member of the American Institute

of Homoeopathy and of the Homojopathic Medical Society of Pennsylvania, also president of the Lehigh Valley Homoeopathic Society and of the Homceopathic Free Dispensary in this city.

On the 10th of March, 1875, M. J. Holben, of Lynn township, this county, graduated from the Hahne-

Eeturning

after a few

Hahnemann Medical College in Philadelphia, and of the New York Homo3opathic College. These two brothers have an extensive practice. In March, 1878, Dr. T. D. Koons, from Cherryville, Northampton Co., graduated from the Hahnemann of the

Medical College. Several years later he set up his practice in Macungie, Lehigh Co. Dr. H. Lincoln Kistler, of AUentown, graduated at the Hahnemann Medical College in the spring of 1883,

and

dence

is

is

now

practicing in this city.

His

resi-

No. 115 North Ninth Street. He is' member of the Lehigh Valley Homoeopathic Society. We might mention a number of other homreopathic at

physicians

who

are natives of this county, but not

practicing within B.

Kuen, of

its limits.

Claussville,

who

Among

these are Dr. C.

resides in Philadelphia;

Dr. Levi J. Kuen, of the same place, who is located Eeading and Dr. L. E. Lentz, of Fogelsville, now at Fleetwood, Berks Co. at

;

In AUentown, the Lehigh Valley Homoeopathic Medical Society was organized on the 7th of April, 1881.

Dr. F.

Dr. Daniel J.

Yoder was

elected president, and

Slough, secretary.

This society now has twenty members, and comprises the territory lying between Easton and Mauch Chunk. In 1881 the Homreopathic Pharmaceutical Society of Pennsylvania was organized in AUentown by the election of Dr. F. E. Boericke, of Philadelphia, as

president, secretary.

and Dr. F.

The

J.

Slough, of AUentown,

as

objects of this association are the

advancement of homoeopathic pharmaceutics. Eecognizing the necessity of a dispensary, in which the poor of the city could obtain medicine and medical treatment free of charge, the homoeopathists of

AUentown organized

for the purpose, and in Novemopened a Free Homoeopathic Dispensary. This institution, located at No. 34 North Seventh Street, occupies three rooms, one of which is used for the reception of patients, the other two as consultingrooms. It is open daily from three to four p.m. The ber, 1883,

different classes of diseases are there treated by

dif-

.

THE MEDICAL PROFESSION. ferent physicians,

who may be

certain fixed days.

Hundreds of poor, suffering people

consulted there on

have availed themselves of this opportunity to receive both medicine and medical advice, and the Homceopathic Dispensary is recognized as an institution that is doing a noble work in the interest of humanity. From the preceding sketch it will be seen that Lehigh deserves great credit for what she has done in the interest of homceopathy. This new system of healing was introduced here at a comparatively early

and to-day numbers so many active and earnest adherents, both in and out of the medical profession, that its future success and progress are amply assured.

time,

—

List of Lehigh. Physicians. Following is a list of physicians registered in the county of Lehigh, with place and date of graduation and residence:

71

Charles L. Martin, University of Pennsylvania, April

1841.

Allen-

12, 1878.

Allen-

2,

town.

Wilson

S.

Berlin, Jefferson Medical College,

March

town. Charles D. Martin, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, March 1,1867.

Allentown.

March 1,1866.

Const. H. Martin, Bellevue Hospital Medical College,

Allentown.

John Trumbower, statement and affidavit filed. Friedensville. Rubert W. Young, Jefferson Medical College, March 11, 1875.

Slating-

ton.

Jacob N. Miller, University of Pennsylvania, March

Slating-

14, 1863.

ton. J. D. Cliristman, University of Pennsylvania, Mfirch 10,1876.

Allen-

town.

Mahlon B. Dill, Jefferson Medical College, 1881. John F. Kocher, University of Pennsylvania, March

Shimersville.

Crack-

13, 1869.

ersport.

T. D. Kooiis,

Thomas

Hahnemann Medical

College, March, 1878.

Macungie.

T. Martin, University of Pennsylvania, March, 1877.

Allen-

town.

Mechan-

Daniel Hiestand, University of Pennsylvania, March 16,1881. icsville.

Williams

S. Herbet, JefferBon

Medical College, March

10, 1855.

Trexler-

town Harvey Y. HorD, JpfFerson Medical College, March 12, 1879. Coplay. Charles J. Keim, University of Pennsylvania, March 12, 1875. CataGeorge M, Romig, University of Pennsylvania, 1868, Hahnemann Medical CoUegu, 187n. Allentown. John Bomig, University of Pennsylvania, April 5, 1825. Allentovrn. N. T. Hallman, University of Pennsylvania, March 30,1862. Neffsville. Frank J. Slough, Homceopatbic Medical College, March 3,1862. Allentown. University of Pennsylvania, March 14, 1871.

Allentown.

;

sanqua. 0.

Erdmann, University of Pennsylvania, March

Centre

10, 1866.

Reigel, Jefferson Medical College, Slarch 27,1867.

Catasauqua.

William J. Romig, Jefferson Medical College, March 20, 1845. Allentown. William C. J. Slough, Hahnemann College, March 3, 1869. Fogelsville. John H. Helfrich, Medical College of Pennsylvania, March 4, 1846. Allentown. S. C.

March 1 2, 1874. Fogelsville. Erdman, Jefferson Medical College, 1872. Saegeraville.

D. Fogel, University of Pennsylvania,

Albert

J.

Henry

Helfrich, practiced in this city since 1856.

H. A. J.

Allentown.

E. Cooper, Louisville Medical College, Feb. 25, 1881.

6,

Coopers-

1858.

Cata-

Quig, University of Glasgow, March 30, 1862. Catasauqua. Allentown. S. A. Apple, Jefferson Medical College, March 12, 1869. Henry A. Grim, University of Pennsylvania, March 31, 1855. Allen-

W.

H.

March

13, 1862.

Coopers-

burg. Histler, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1868.

Germansville.

King, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1876. Limeport. Philip R. Palm, Jefferson Medical College, March 24, 1846. Allentown. C.

Pennsylvania, March 18, 1875.

Miller, University of

New

York, 1862.

Gulhsville.

Saegersville.

Thomas G. Nagle, Long Island College Hospital, 1870. Allentown. Edwin G. Martin, University of Pennsylvania, March 29, 1856. Allentown.

S.

Helfrich,

Hahnemann Medical

College,

Clemens, University of Pennsylvania, March 12,1862.

Edwin S.

March

10, 1875.

Allentown.

Orefield.

P. Miller, Bellevue Medical College, Feb. 28, 1866.

K. Borndt, Jefferson Medical College, March

Saegeraville.

Alburtis.

10, 1863.

D. Erdman, University of Pennsylvania, March 12, 1872. Macungie. A. B. Fetherolf, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1865. Litzenberg. Egypt. J. A. Koch, Jefferson Medical College, March 11, 1874. Samuel Young, statement and affidavit filed. Allentown. J.

New

York, March

Lynnville.

9, 1862.

March

E. H. Dickenshied, University of Pennsylvania,

14, 1881.

Lower

Milford.

D.

S.

Shade, University of Pennsylvania, 1856.

D. D. Fritch, University of Pennsylvania,

Steinsville.

March

Francis Frietag, statement and affidavit filed. E. H. Mohr, Jefferson Medical College, March

Macungie.

11, 1876.

Allentown. Alburtis.

12, 1881.

John H. Dickenshied, University of Pennsylvania, April

3, 1847.

Lower

John H. Diller, Jefferson Medical College, March, 1868. Emaus. E. M. S. Beaver, Jefferson Medical College, March 11, 1874. Macungie Thomas A. Strosser, University of Pennsylvania, March 14, 1867. MaL. B. Balliet, University of Pennsylvania, April 1, 1854.

Unionville.

March 18, 1870. Friedensville. W. P. Kistler, Bellevue Medical College, March 1. 1867. Schnecksville. D. W. W. Follweiler, Medical Hospital College, March 18, 1870. LynnL. S. Collins, Eclectic Medical College,

E. G, Steinmetz,

Long I and College Hospital, June

20, 1867.

Hoken-

dauqua.

Allentown.

K. Bowers, American University, December, 1874. Allentown. R. T. Sowden, University of Michigan, March 26, 1879. Slatedale. H. T. Trumbauer, Jefferson Medical College, March 12, 1862. CoopersJ.

burg.

A. Laroas, University of Pennsylvania,

S.

Heynemansville.-

Heynemansvllle.

town.

J. Kline, University of

filed.

Bellevue Hospital Medical College, Feb. 21, 1873.

E. L. Reichard, Jefferson Medical College, 1864.

Slatington.

M.

statement and affidavit

Sieberling,

port.

A. Fetherolf, Jefferson Medical College, March, 1880. Slatington. Monroe J. Holben, Hahnemann Medical College, March 16, 1875.

Aaron

East

18, 1878.

Milford.

J.

Robert

Sflylor,

W.

John A. H. Emaus.

sauqua.

W. K.

March

cungie.

burg. Daniel Yoder, Medical College of Pennsylvania, March

John

Miller, Bellevue Hoppital Medical College,

Texas.

town. Alfred J. Martin, University of Pennsylvania, March, 1857.

F.

Tripoli.

College, March, 1870.

Steinville.

Allentown.

William H. Romig, University of Pennsylvania, March 14, 1867; Hahnemann College, March 10, 1871. Allentown. William A. Hassler, Jefferson Medical College, March 10, 1866. Allen-

Thomas

Coplay.

New

1881.

3,

James D, Graver, Bellevue Hospital Medical

F. 0. Sieberling, University of

Valley.

Henry H.

March

Josiah Kern, Jefferson Medical College, 1846.

William B. Erdman, University of Pennsylvania, March 15, 1860. Macungie. Peter N. G. T. Meyer, Gottingen, 1865 Groningen, 1866. Allentown. M. E. Hornbeck, University of Pennsylvania, March 11, 1865. Cata-

Frank

Stem, University of Pennsylvania, March, 1881.

F. 0. Ritter, University of Maryland,

A.N.

sauqua.

W. Jerome Lochman,

P. E.

0. Fegeley, University of Pennsylvania,

March

14, 1867.

Allentown.

N. Ritter, Jefferson Medical College, March 9, 1861. Breinigsville. C. H. Apple, Jefferson Medical College, March 18, 1881. Zionsville. F.

M. Laubach, Bellevue

Hospital Medical College,

March

1,

1868.

Allentown.

W. H. Hartzell, Jefferson Medical College, March 13, 1873. W. E. Loyd, Jefferson Medical College, 1878, Catasauqua.

Allentown.

Statem ent and affidavit filed. Macungie. Cnarles Meyer James W. Cole, Jefferson Medical College, March 12, 1882. Allentown. Roger Hunt, University of Pennsylvania, March 15, 1880. Catasauqua.

: ;

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

72

William A. Rentzheimer, University of Pennsylvania, March

15, 1880.

CHAPTEE

FriedenBville.

Palm

E. Helfrich,

1880

Hahnemann Medical

Homoeopathic Medical College of

;

March 7, New York, March 1882.

XI.

College, Philadelphia,

EDUCATIONAL MATTERS.

.'i,

Fogelflville.

Abraham

L. Kiatler,

Thomas

Hahnemann Medical

College, Philadelphia,

March

—

Early Schools— Progress Holders of Permanent Teachers' Comparative Statement of 1855 and 1883.

A. Scherer, Jefferson Medical College, April

2,

Slating-

1883.

The early German settlers New England pioneers in

ton.

Agnes M. Slough. Allentown. W. H. Hamersly, University of Pennsylvania,

Medical

Societies.

—The

the 1883.

Catasauqua.

Lehigh County Medical

Society was originally organized in 1853, at a meeting held at Dr. Charles H. Martin's office. Dr. Martin

was elected president, Dr. David 0. Moser, of Breinigsville, secretary, and Dr. Thomas Cooper, of Coopersburg, treasurer. Among the first members were Dr. Leisenring, of Macungie, Dr. William Kohler, of Egypt, and Dr. Tilghman H. Martin. The society maintained an existence for a few years and was then disbanded. It was reorganized in 1858, and since that time has been in quite a flourishing condition. The records show the names of officers and m-embers only since 1865. The members in that year were A. A. Fryman, S. W. Balliet, W. B. Erdman, J. P. Kohler, H. A. Hallman, H. Haberackon, William Herbst, N. S. Kohler, J. Laross, S. W. Euch, H. K. Hartzell, M. E. Hornbeck, N. R. Eitter, P. L. Eeechorn, A. F. Shade, C. W. Williams, E. G. Martin, H. T. Martin, T. H. Martin, F. C. Seiberling, T. C. Yeager (died Jan. 14, 1874), E. F. Steckel. Accessions have since been made as follows 1868, A. P. Fotheroy, M. G. Seiple, F. P. Troxell Miller, A. J. Martin,

H. A. Grim 1873, J. D. Erdman 1874, W. J. Lochman, P. E. Palm, Samuel Youndt, Joshua Morton, A. J. F. Minnich; 1875, J. E. Davis, J. W. 1871,

;

Seiberling,

Erdman

;

J. King,.

W.

S. Kistler, J.

W.

Graver; 1876, F. C.

1882, S.

;

W.

Berlin, C.

Eugene Beaver, Thomas Martin, H. Horn,

E. P. Stine,

W.

W. Quigg, E. Young.

Koch, F. C. Cooper,

The

presidents of the society since 1865 have been as follows: 1865, William B. Herbst; 1866, E. G.

Martin ling;

Grim

;

1867,

H. K. Hartzell 1868-70, F. ;

C. Seiber-

William B. Erdman; 1874, H. C. 1875-76, J. D. Erdman 1877, Samuel Young;

1871-73, ;

;

Erdman 1880-81, E. G. Martin 1882William B. Erdman. In 1865, J. P. Kohler was secretary, and since that time to the present date the office has been held by P. L. Eeichard. The Lehigh Valley Medical Society was organized iu Bethlehem in 1881, with Dr. E. G. Martin as pres1878-79, F. C.

;

Dr. Green, of Easton, was president in 1882, aud Dr. E. Leonard, of Mauch Chunk, in 1883. From the first Dr. Charles Mclntyre, of Easton, has

been secretary.

sooner secured the material necessities of life in new homes than they began building up those

their

twin institutions of civilization, the school and the church, and if the latter class of our national population sooner succeeded in securing a high educational standard it must be borne in mind that they

were not obliged, like the Germans, to undergo

a

revolution of language.

Almost without exception the earliest schools in Lehigh County were established at or in connection with the Lutheran and German Eeformed Churches and the pastor was often the secular teacher. " Frequently," says Professor Knauss, " the school-house preceded the erection of the church, and served the double purpose of church and school. These schools were church schools so far as instruction was concerned, but were not directly supported by

Each parent who

the church.

sent children had

pay in proportion to the total number of days sent. In most cases the teacher boarded 'round,' which in those days was no easy task." In but few instances was the pupil affiDrded opportunity for studying anything beyond reading, writing, and a little arithmetic. to

'

The Germans

excelled in music,

and

at a very early

day introduced it in their churches and schools. To the Moravians particularly were the people, as a whole, indebted for the introduction of what at the time was probably called advanced education. In their schools, and in all of the others of early times, the

German language was Of the early schools nection with the

exclusively employed.

Lehigh County that in conChurch, in Lower Milford, It was established about 1725,

in

Swamp

was probably the first. and remained in operation years.

until comparatively recent

The Schwenkfelders, about

1734, opened a

school at their meeting-house, near the Milford and

Montgomery County

;

83,

ident.

in Pennsylvania, like the West, as a rule no

;

1877, S. K. Berndt

A. N. Miller, F.

Certificates

—

Allentown.

13, 1883.

then

exist, all

line (which, of course, did not being Bucks County). This was main-

tained until 1840, over a hundred years, and served, as did the former, a most beneficial end. In these schools Latin and Greek were the favorite studies,

and were taught as early as 1755. The Mennonites, some time between 1735 and 1740, erected in what is

now Upper Milford a small school and church.

It

log building to serve

was divided into two

as

apart-

ments by a hanging partition for this purpose. When the attendance at religious services was very large, this was raised and the two apartments thus thrown into one. later

by

tlie

A

similar building was erected a

same

sect in a fine grove

ersburg and Centre Valley.

little

between Coop-

EDUCATIONAL MATTERS. At what

is

now

Dillingersville,

Lower Milford, a

Lutheran congregation was formed as early as 1743, and not long afterwards a log school-house was built and a school established. This was certainly prior to 1759, for in one of the old records it is stated that John Balthaser Goetz died in the school-house, and was buried on Easter Monday of that year. The congregation appointed three of its leading members a committee to select and take up a suitable tract of land for church and school purposes, and it seems that they selected a tract of about thirty acres a little west of the village site, which they patented in 1770. The building erected here was used both for church

and school purposes until 1791, and after that time only for the latter, coming to be known as the " Upper Milford School-House." By act of Assembly this property was sold in 1871, the sum of four thousand and fifty dollars being realized, which is placed at interest as a special school fund.

The Moravians commenced the building at

Emaus

in 1746,

erection of a school

one year prior to the

ganization of their congregation there.

When

or-

this

1747, Christopher Heyne and Mary Heyne were appointed overseers of the children, and in 1750, when the school which had been established at Oley, Berks Co., was moved here, a num-

occurred, July 30,

ber of other teachers and assistants were appointed.

The

school was removed to Bethlehem in 1753 because

the Moravians were fearful of Indian troubles.

A

congregation was formed at Egypt, in Whitehall

township, in 1733, and presumably a school was or-

Lehigh Church, in Lower Macungie, was founded in 1750, and the school about the same time. New Tripoli, in Lynn, is prob-

ganized there soon afterwards.

ably the oldest school-site in that part of the county, and that at the Heidelberg Church the oldest in the

The congregation was organ-

northeastern portion. ized in 1750.

Two

schools, one supported

therans and one by the

by the Lu-

German Reformed members,

were for a time kept at this place, but were finally united.

We

have already spoken of the endowed school at There were several others in the

Dillingersville.

county thus established or aided by far-seeing and whose good deeds live after them even unto the present day, though changed in form. One of these was at Centreville, near Macungie borough, liberal people,

Lower Macungie township, where John and Jane Wetzel donated three acres of land for school purposes, and conveyed it by deed, Aug. 21, 1790, to the trustees and their successors. The property was sold in 1868 on ground-rent reservation, and the annual receipts from it now amount to one hundred and fifty dollars per year, which, in addition to the sum otherwise provided, enables the district to have an eight or nine months' term of school annually. On the 24th of September, 1790,

Andrew Eiseuhard, Cornelius

Hughes, and John Herman donated two acres of land in what is now East Texas, and built thereon a school-

73

house at their own expense. This property was sold for thirty-seven hundred dollars in 1874, and the district derives a revenue of two hundred and twenty-six dollars annually from that sum, a portion of which is

expended

for a

summer

These instances show

school.

that during the past century there were not wanting

people

who appreciated the advantages of

and were willing

education,

advance the interests of the cause at their own expense. Their example, we may add, has been emulated by a number of individuals during to

the present century.'

About 1760 harm was caused to the schools, says a good authority, from the fact " that many of the principal teachers, such as Miller, of Lynn, Roth, of Albany, Michael, and school-teachers and

others,

left

commenced

their

services

as

to preach, because

the congregations could get no other ministers.

Less were taken as teachers, and the schools lost greatly thereby." Professor Knauss says, " This inaugurated a decline in the requirement for teachers, which continued for a considerable time, until the education of the children was considered a secondary thing, and, in consequence, much neglected. At this period almost any person that came along and made some pretension to education was employed as a teacher. This often brought into the school-room persons entirely unfit, morally and mentally, for the Nearly all of the old schools were noted position. Some of the teachers were for severity of discipline. not only severe, but cruel, in their punishments." The German language was the sole vehicle or medium of instruction until 1800. Between 1800 and qualified

men

1820 English was introduced in some of the more progressive schools, and taught in connection with German, while in the same period a very few dis-

The first The house in

tinctively English schools were organized.

of these was at Egypt, in Whitehall.

which it was held was built in 1808, and the school opened Jan. 3, 1809. Jacob Kern, the first teacher, received fourteen dollars per month. The school was kept up regularly until 1857. The English School Society of New Tripoli, Lynn township, was organized in 1812, erected a building, and organized a About the school, which was continued until 1850.

same time English schools were established in Allentown. The Balliettsville English school was established in 1816. The subscription stated, " The house is to be built twenty by twenty-four feet, and each of the twenty subscribers to said school is to deliver one short and one long log by the first day of May next" (1816).

Another English school was established in

Upper Saucon

in 1833.

That slow progress was made

in the introduction

1 A notable instance of generosity to the common free scliools was that of the late Frederick Miller, of Washington township, -who by his last will, dated Jan. 17, 1854, bequeathed four thousand dollars to the

school districts of Washington and Heidelberg, in the proportion of twentj'-four hundred to the former and sixteen hundred dollars to the lattei-.

;

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

74

and practical use of English is shown by the report of County Superintendent C. W. Cooper (the first

"The

elected) for the year 1855.

He

mate proportion studying

English books

eighths, of

whom

in

says,

approxiis

seven-

but three- eighths understand the lan-

guage." " In the beginning of the

first

decade of the present

W.

A. Helfrioh, "educational matters began to grow better, but only in a few individual schools, such as at Lynn, where Salem and, later, Frederick Smith in Heidelberg, Bergenmeyer in Weissenberg, Busse; at the Ziegel Church, Storb century," says Rev.

;

and Allenborn, were teachers. These were all educated teachers from Europe. They not only taught the common branches, but also instructed in history, natural history, and natural philosophy, besides giving religious instruction. The schools were generally kept during the winter season, for four or five months." In the foregoing we have an account of those schools which in their excellence were an exception to the rule. In most of the schools the instructors were men of a poor order of ability. He was more the school-»?iosfer- than the school-feacAer. Dr. Balliet, of North Whitehall, describes a school which will answer as the average one of the period from 1816 to 1834, as follows: "The house was twenty-four by twenty feet, built of logs, had a very low ceiling and small windows, and was (sometimes) plastered inside. Along the three walls on the inside were long desks sloping up towards the wall, with high benches without backs. In the centre of the room, around a very large stove, on two rows of benches without backs, sat the abecedarians and the ab-abs. Near the stone, fronting the school, was the teacher's desk, painted red, about five feet high, with a high stool or bench to correspond. Behind this were hung, on pegs against the wall, the shawls, scarfs, hats, and caps. There too stood the bucket with water, often visited

by the

tired children, not to slake their thirst, but to

monotony of the schoolNear the bucket were stacks of dinner-baskets, the sight of which an hour before noon wlietted the appetites to the highest pitch. The course of instruction in the English schools embraced reading, writing, spelling, and arithmetic. The following were the relieve themselves of the

room.

books used: Comly's 'Primer and Spelling-Book,' Murray's 'Introduction to the English Reader,' 'English Reader and Sequel,' Frost's 'United History,' and Pike's 'Arithmetic' Grammar and geography were seldom taught. The day sessions were long. The school was frequently

States

.

.

.

called at eight o'clock in the morning,

and continued and a half or five o'clock p.m., with an Intermission of an hour at noon. No recess in the half-day sessions was granted. The German until four

.

.

.

schools, particularly those at the churches,

in the

:

morning with singing and prayer.

seldom the case with the English schools.

opened This was

The

ex-

ercises in the forenoon consisted in reading twice and

In che afternoon the same routine The interval between reading and was followed. spelling was spent, by the larger ones, in writing and spelling once.

ciphering at their seats. In the early German schools the girls were not required to write and cipher. Little or no attention was given to writing by the majority of the masters. with the goose-quill

unknown

;

steel

in these parts.

of pens' consumed patience."

much

All the writing was done and gold pens were then

The making and

mending of the teacher's time and '

Holders of Permanent Certificates,— Following a list of the holders of the permanent certificates issued by the school department at Harrisburg to teachers recommended by authorities of Lehigh County is

No. of Certificate.

EDUCATIONAL MATTERS. COMPARATIVE TABULAR STATEMENT OF LEHIGH COUNTY SCHOOLS, Schools.

Catasauqua borough

"^

roopereliurg bnroiigh Coplay borough* Emails biirough *

IS.n,-)

*...,

April

2

4 4

6,

1834 1873 1840 Holiendiinqua, Indept.f.. April V, 1865 Lowhill township 1849 Lynn township 1838 Macuogie I'oroiigh * Nov. 13, 1867 Macungie, Upper, twp 1842 Macungie. Lower, twp 1849 Milford, L^pper, twp 1844 Milford, Lower, twp Dec. 9, 1852 Salisbury township 1838 Saucon, Upper, townstiip. 1848 Slalington borough* Sept. 7, 184fi Washington townsliip 1848 Weissenberg township 1849 Whitehall, North, twp 1844 Whitehall, South, twp 1839 Whitehall 1867

Totals and averages..

14

7, 18.19

IS.M April 8, 1S61 Oct.

Independent f Hanover township Hanovei, Indepeniientt.- June Heidelberg townsliip Grira's,

4

18S0

1

11 6

3,

9J^ 6

1714 10 14

23

9 9 11

1.5

10

19

14

10 13 6

14

149

256

[

4l90

5 63

75 1855 to 1883.1

:

:

:

:

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

76

Education of Poor Children— The Schools unLaw of 1834.—The first entry in the treas-

der the

urer's report of funds for the education of the chil-

dren of the poor is for the year 1819, and shows that sum then devoted to that purpose was $95.68. In the year following it was $77.82. In 1821 the sum the

•was considerably larger,

being $245.13.

In 1822

it

was $288.27; in 1823, $548.73;

in 1824, $558.95; in

1825, $412.30

in 1827, $456.73.

in 1826, $510.57

;

;

In

system of free schools as Governor George Wolf, who " signed with warm indorsement" the bill of 1834, was also a Pennsylvania German, a native of Northampton in favor of establishing a

early as 1827.

—

County.

The general law of the State, enacted in 1809, provided for the education of the poor gratis, and it was under

sums of money we have The law do the good that was intended by its framers

its

provisions that the

already stated were raised and applied.

1828 the fund amounted to $508.98, distributed as

failed to

follows

were few families who cared to place themselves on record as being too poor to pay the tuition of their children. In his great chiefly for the reason that there

Borough of Northampton, townships of Salisbury and Northampton $421.71 Hanover 22.30 North Whitehall South Whitehall Upper Saucon Weiasenberg

16.01 9.32 12.95 10.17 5,53

Upper Milford Macungie

3.97

Total

act for branding

$608.98

In 1829 the fund for the education of poor children

was almost exactly the same it fell off

In 1831

to $360.76.

1832, $526.14, while in 1833

and

as for 1828,

it

it

in 1830

was $452.39, and in

reached $763.41, which

was distributed as follows Borough of Northampton

$434 77

Salisbury

69!60

Lower Macungie South WhitehaU Upper Milford Northampton

5148V '.]',

Weiasenberg

Upper Macungie

827 s'm

"

North Whitehall Heidelberg

g'42

liOwbill

'.'.*.".'.'.'.'.'.!!.

30

Total

8763.411^

In 1834 the amount raised for the purpose of defraying the tuition of the indigent children exceeded $1000, the distribution being as follows Borough of Northampton

$448 68

Salisbury

lu'm

South Whitehall Upper Saucon

2661 .'..'.'.*.'.*.'.'.".".'.*.'

Upper Milford Upper Macungie Lower Macungie

76 41 46 39 23 80 2S 5*1

'..'.'.'..*.*.!'.'."! '.'.'.'.'.'.',

',

North Whitehall Heidelberg

IZ^ZZZ'.'.""

2269

"Z.ZZZ"

108.'24

'

Ha°?'" Lowhill

by election the provisions of There was a strong opposition to the law in Lehigh County, the rich being in most cases unwilling to pay a heavy tax for the poor, and the latter frequently unwilling to pay the small share that would fall upon them. Therefore, when the township elections were held, there were heavy votes cast against the free-school law. Allentown and the township of Hanover accepted it the first year, and then followed Lynn through the influence of the Kistlers and Mosers. (The dates of acceptance by the different townships are all given in the table on the preceding page.) Those townships which refused to accept the new law continued the operation of the old one, and in 1839 act.

the total

year

$1153.43, was divided

(1835)

among

a

still

2.00

greater sum,

the townships.

opposed to the establishment of free schools,— partly because the measure was a novelty, and partly because it severed education from a notable fact that the

."."!!"."..".'."".'.'

first

Governor who took a decided stand in favor of the system was a Pennsylvania German. Governor John Andrew Schulze, of Bucks County, came out strongly

'.'.".'."

.".*.'.'.*.*.".

*.'.!'.!',*.*.!!!!!!!!'.'.!'.!'.".

Total

The

as a rule,

is

$211.47 155.67

Upper Macungie Lowhill Weissenberg Heidelberg

Prof.

follows:

,

South Wliitehall North Whitehall

In the mean time the free school law of 1834 had been passed. Of this law Thaddeus Stevens is generally acknowledged to have been the most powerful and effective champion. While the Pennsylvania

positive religion,— it

for the education of their

Upper Milford Upper Saucon Lower Macungie

$1000.05

following

amount received

poor children was $1022.16, distributed as

42 84

T"'"'

Germans were,

ships to accept or reject

g2

"""ZIZZZ"

^Vf V Northampton The

country was sparsely settled, the system of schools under the law of 1809 was perhaps the best that could be devised and operated. The new law (of 1834) made the schools free alike to rich and poor, high and low, and provided for their support by taxation. It was made optional for town-

i2'4g 25*04

Weiasenberg

and marking the poor, so that they the rich and proud." While the

may be known from

the

43^91 41.09 36!73 30.22 21.39 21.12

Upper Saucon Hanover

speech in the House of Representatives, Thaddeus Stevens said that the bill of 1809 instead of beins called a public school law, ought to be entitled "an

14427 144.63 118.05 ISoisO 83.43 31 92 2.01

$1022.16

effect of

the law of 1834

is

thus described by

Knauss

"The

free-school system at

flrst gave no better regulated the location of school-houses,

teachers, but

it

formed new

districts,

and brought the children into had to pay tax he wanted the value of his money. The children learned what was to be learned under the old teachers. Better ones were not to be had, but more teachers were appointed. Soon, however, young men saw that teaching was a profession, and many devoted themselves more to the cause, sought for education, and the schools.

If a person

:

:

:

EDUCATIONAL MATTERS. the teaching power grew.

In this way the schools were gradually improved, until the higher and normal schools commenced to educate and prepare better teachers."

There was a show of improvement going on in the

77

you know I have Bin at at the time of your Examination, Obyous to you that i amahle To teach School and the Black Board,, i am Also able to Support in all practical questions, Intrest, Bark, Stone,, Circle questions and obticks, Coans, Squares and cimme circles and all Oints of questions that you will " Bequire of Me " Yourth Respectfuly

So,,

I think it Is very

schools during the years following the passage of the

no decisive step of advancement was taken until twenty years later, in 1854, when the county superintendent was established. office of Charles W. Cooper, Esq., was elected to this office in Lehigh County on June 5th, and had the honor of

free-school law, but

being the pioneer in a new field. The task which confronted him was a difficult one, but he entered upon it with zeal, and discharged the duties of the office with ability and good results until September, 1855, when he resigned, Tilghman Good being appointed his successor.' Mr. Cooper's report of 1855 at the present day,

and

"

Post oflBce"

The

interesting reading

affords a very

good idea of the

W OOOPEE Eqr

"

"

County Superintent " Coopersburg

"Pa "J/" i

mistake not"

And

that there were such teachers does not seem

strange

when

there were trustees in office capable ot

the following " "

is

address upon the envelope was

We

Township Oct

as our Cool Deeger To Mr C Cooper the Lehigh County Super In tentend wish him have him to be Xamened &c " Yours Rasptfuly

comant

condition of the schools of Lehigh County thirty Of the teachers he says, "The strict years ago. letter

of the law would have compelled me

still greater number (greater than twenty-nine), but under the circumstances I did not consider it policy, though the character of some of the certificates amounted to more than a rejection. I will mention one as an illustration. In one of the districts, where the compensation of teachers is not very liberal, I was requested to examine a young man pronounced by those who had previously employed him and who desired again to employ as a very competent teacher. After having spent quite a long time in endeavoring to ascertain in what branches he excelled, I gave him a temporary certificate, with every branch erased except orthography, reading, and

elementary principles of arithmetic, with a written of, 'That which is not erased the

addition below

much

is still

very deficient

pleased with

in.'

his certificate,

The applicant was and was afterwards

employed to teach the best school in the district, the written addition below being taken to mean an extra recommendation. This, however, was the only case

which so much deficiency received even a scrap of

in

That there were teachers doing duty in the county possessed of extraordinary ability or would seem certain

qualifications for the profession

from the following application for a copied with literal exactness

certificate,

here

" Township, Lehigh county Ler Sir,, I Have tryed all means To Become a teacher in our School hous And It Seems thare is nun To be fount So i am obliged to Due it from myself again. They All a Satisfied without me haying A Sateficat Teach Beadyou,, But I would Eether Have one from you,, I am able to Mensuration Surveying ing, Kiting, English and Cherman Pike Bose "

& Which purfect,

and

1

is

Now my

Tiait

Eequired in our School And this i am able to Due By male,, If you will come if you pleas Sent me a Satiflcat think Prope to Due School you may Exeman me if you

not

all

are given in the The names of all the county school superintendents

chapter containing the civil

VTrostees"

Notwithstanding some untoward circumstances, Mr. Cooper found the schools in general in a promising condition. He says, "The schools I found well attended, some too well, and as a general thing quite an interest was manifested by both teacher and scholars. It was an easy task, however, to distinguish the districts which had accepted the system previous to the act of 1849.^ In all such districts I found better system, better teachers, better pay, and consequently better instruction than in those which have only had the system since 1849. There seems to be a determination in every district to put the shoulder to the wheel,' and to push on the cause of education. With such a spirit manifesting itself, it will not be long before Lehigh can be justly proud of her public '

schools." " Of our school-houses,''

know what

to say.

say they are

'

If

I

he continues, " I hardly must be candid, I will only

nothing to brag

They

of.'

are either

of the octagon or square order, with desks attached to

the wall, and high seats, without distinction, where little shavers' can neither touch the bottom or support backs from the opening of school to the time of '

paper from me."

who were not

"

to reject

a

holder

10"> 1864

Cool Tistricht to Rec-

the undersined the Trosthies of the

list.

and who are only kept from giving out under such corporal punishment by the magic power of the

dismissal,

rod.

With the exception of

a very fine building at

North Whitehall, and several buildings in the boroughs of Catasauqua and Allentown, all the Balliettsville,

school-houses in this county agree with the foregoing description."

In 1856, Mr. Good stated in his report that "twentysix teachers give full satisfaction sixty-two may be called medium, and employed till better ones can be ;

procured; seventy-nine would better be dismissed

from the service." 2

An

act compelling acceptance of the provisions of the law of 1834.

HISTOKY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

78

In 1858 the superintendent said, "The various boards of directors are no longer satisfied with the mere fact that a person calls himself a teacher. In

many

instances he

is

troubled with questions,

How many

quently such as these, to wit:

you been engaged

in the profession?

fre-

years have

Where

did you

What

kind of a certificate do you hold, and what mode of teaching and government do you adopt in your school?" In 1860 the superintendent noted that "the teachers have improved, both in scholarship and manner of

teach last year?

imparting instruction."

found

in

"the first strictly rural graded school is Whitehall District, and has been very suc-

cessful."

Thus

it

will

was feared that

be noticed there was a general and

gradual improvement in the efficiency of the teachers,

it

tive telegraphed to

for men to come forward in companies and squads with the utmost dispatch for the defense of Washington. Soon the air and human hearts were

an appeal

everywhere pulsating with the wild war music and drum. The ofiicers of the few organized companies

of the

fife

in the

State, as the intelligence of the appeal reached them,

men

hastily called their

together and tendered

One

the Governor.

to

services

In 1871

was entirely unprotected, and would be attacked. The Execuevery part of the commonwealth

for the national capital it

of the

their

first

thus

promptly to respond was the Allen Guard, of Allentown, commanded by Capt. Thomas Yeager. Just here, before entering upon the history of this company, it may be well to remark that no sooner had these men left for the field than action was taken for the relief of their families,

and consequently in the condition of the schools. One of the most important factors in the onward movement was the Teachers' Institute, which was first held in 1858, and has since been maintained, holding

by the authorities

one session annually, with the exception of a of three years. These teachers' meetings have lated study on the part of those engaged in instruction, and have also favorably moulded

The Allen Guard, One of the first Five Companies of the State. The Allen Guard having

period stimu-

giving public

opinion.

the

first

of a series of patriotic measures on the

of Lehigh County

more

of

ofiicials,

which we

part

shall have

to say at the conclusion of this chapter.

—

tendered their services to the State and being accepted by the Governor, proceeded to Harrisburg on the 17th of April, and were mustered into service on the fol-

lowing day. Arriving simultaneously, or nearly so, with this company were the Ringgold Light Artillery,

McKnight, of Reading the Logan Guards, Capt. the Washington Guards, Capt. Wren and the National Light Infantry, Capt. McDonald, of Pottsville. On the morning of the 18th there also arrived from the West a detachment of regulars of Company H, Fourth Artillery, under command of Lieut. Pemberton (afterward a lieutenantCapt.

CHAPTER

XII.

;

Selheimer, of Lewiston

;

;

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAK OF THE REBELLION. Lehigh

Men among

Forty-seventli

County

of

thp

first in

Officials

— Histories and Rosters of the —The Emergency Men — Action

the Field

and Other Kegiments

during the Rebellion.

The

12th of April, 1861, is memorable from the then began the most colossal and bloody civil that the world ever witnessed. The Executive

These regulars and the volunteers of the five companies departed on the same train, at nine o'clock a.m. of the 18th, the

general of the Confederate army).

fact that

former for Fort McHenrj', near Baltimore, and

strife

latter for

the

in these words:

Washington, and arrived at Baltimore at one P.M. The volunteers were under the necessity of marching about two miles through the city from one

teries

station to another.

of Pennsylvania on that morning received a telegram

"The war is commenced. The batbegan firing at four o'clock this morning. Maj. Anderson replied, and a brisk cannonading commenced. This is reliable and has just come to the Associated Press. The vessels were not in sight." This startling intelligence was flashed by wire throughout the United States. The Northern people, who had hoped that war might be averted, could not mistake the import of this first overt act of the enemies of the Union. They accepted the arbitrament of the sword. the

firing

On

upon

the 15th of April, three days after Fort Sumter, President Lincoln

issued his proclamation calling out the militia of the several States to the number of seventy-five thousand.

The volunteers, mostly unarmed, were crowded and hustled along their line of march by a wild mob, composed of thousands of the rebel roughs of Baltimore, the same infuriated horde which made a setts

brutal

P.M. of the 18th "these five companies, the head

the grand column of two millions of

men who

afterwards mustered and marched in their arrived in Washington.

occasion of

much joy.

of

were

footprints,

Their timely arrival was the They immediately commenced

barricading the capitol, and remained in the city ready for

any emergency.

On the afternoon of the same day the Secretary of ments were War telegraphed to Governor Curtin that a call had companies, been made on Pennsylvania for sixteen regiments, and that two regiments were wanted within three days,

and bloody attack upon the MassachuAt seven o'clock

Sixth on the following day.

place in the

After twenty-four other regiorganized and fully equipped, these first

which- were justly entitled to the first regiment, were organized as a

firs'

part

of the Twenty-fifth and last regiment of three months

:

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION.

79

Bates, in his " History of the Pennsylvania Volunteers," says, " In the progress of the gigantic

Easton, as colonel

which ensued ... so many and such brilliant services have been rendered by the soldiers of the national armies, that the timely march of these companies has been little noted. But the value of

while James Miltimore was designated as adjutant.

men.

struggle

their presence in the capital at this critical juncture

cannot be overlooked in any fair estimate of the causes which led to our triumph and it must ever be regarded as one of the links in that chain of great ;

planned by Providence, for our deThe thanks of the House of Representa-

events, seemingly

liverance."

which are rarely tendered, and only for great and most signal services to the State, were expressed in the following terms

tives,

Congress of the United States, " July 22, 1861. " BeioJved, That the thanks of this House are due, and are horeliy tendered to the five hundred and thirty soldiers from Pennsylvania, who passed through the mob at Baltimore, and reached Washington on the " Thiiity-Seventh

18th of April

the defense of the National capital. " Galtjsha a. Grow, " Speaker of the House of Eepresentatives.^^

last, for

ALLEN GtJAED Recruited at AUentown.

(three months' service).

Mustered into service at Harrisburg, April 18, 1861.

Thomas Yeager, captain; James M. Wilson, T. Wilt, second lieutenant

first

Joseph T. Wilt,

;

lieutenant; Joseph

first

sergeant; Solomon

Goble, second sergeant; William Wolf, first corporal; John B. Webster, second corporal Ignitz Cressor, third corporal ; Daniel ;

Kramer, fourth corporal. Privates.

Cole,

Deitrich, Charles.

Derr,

Dunlap, Milton H.

Rieber, Jonathan

Early, William.

Knlie, William.

Malhew

Rhoads, George W. Romig, John. Schcnck, Samuel.

R.

Frame, William G. Gross,

Edwin.

Geiduer, James.

Storch, Henry.

Henry, George ¥.

SbifTert,

Charles A.

M. H.

Houck, John,

Signian, Seip,

Hettinger, Joseph.

Sheidler, Adolphus.

Hoxworth, George.

Sheidler, Enville.

Wagner, William.

W.

Leisenring, Martin

Weiss, Joseph.

W.

Weyandt, Benneville.

Leh, Frauklin.

The First Pennsylvania Regiment. -The Allen Rifles, a company in AUentown, which had several years been organized and under the command of Capt. Tilghman H. Good, on the organization of the First Pennsylvania Regiment became a part of it, and was

Company

I.

The members

pany volunteered their services

of the com-

on the 13th of April, and accepted by the

and they were offered to Governor on the 15th. On the 18th the volunteers without left their homes and families, unarmed and uniforms or equipments, and proceeded to Harrisburg. On the 20th of April the First Pennsylvania Regiment was organized by the choice of Samuel Yohe, of 1861,

enemy

till

after

service.

(three months' service).

Company

I.

William H. Gausler, captain E. P. Rhoads, first lieutenant; Benjamin first sergeant Edwin C. Roth, second lieutenant; Abeile Ileilman, G. ninetwli second sergeant; Henry Fried, third sergeant; Noah Trumbor, fourth sergeant; Henry Trumbor, first corporal Mahlon ;

;

,

;

second corporal; Daniel C. Miller, third corporal; Charles Mertz fourth corporal; Julius Benkert, musician Augustus Ebert,

Fried

musician.

Albright, James. Blumer, Henry A.

Blank, Wellington

Weiss, David.

Kress, William.

designated as

FIRST REGIMENT

Albright, Tilghman.

Wetherhold, Allen.

Jacob, David.

in front of the

On the 21st it was ordered the battle of Bull Run. to Harper's Ferry, and on the 23d it took passage for Harrisburg, where the men were discharged and

Privates.

Lewis G.

Uhler, John F.

Edwin M.

Keiper, George

making demonstrations

;

Hillegas, Nathaniel.

Hittle,

;

W.

Eothman, Ernest.

Fredericli, Gideon.'

Fuller,

captain of Company I (the Allen Rifles) having been elected lieutenant-colonel, William A. Gausler was chosen to fill the vacancy. We may remark here that most of the members of this company re-enlisted in other organizations after their term was out, and that all but a few of them received commissions during the war, ranking them from lieutenant to colonel. On the night of the 20th of April the regiment left Harrisburg under command of Brig.-Gen. George G. Wynkoop, and proceeded first to a point near CockeysClothville, Md., then to Camp Scott, near York, Pa. ing and camp equipage were received here, and on the 14th of May it entered on the duty of guarding the Northern Central Railroad from the Pennsylvania May 25th it was ordered to line to near Baltimore. on the 29th to Franklintown, and Cantonville, Md. on the 3d of June to Chambersburg, where it was assigned to the Second Brigade; from there if was ordered with its brigade to Hagerstown, and thence, on the 21st of June, to Frederick, Md. It then went to Martinsburg, Va., where it did garrison duty till July 17th. It was then, with its brigade, engaged in

The

Pfeffer, Charles A.

Henry W.

;

mustered out of the United States

Miller, Edwin H. McNulty, Henry.

Norman H.

Tilghman H. Good, of AUentown, and Thomas VV. Lynn as major;

;

as lieutenant-colonel

Haldeman, Henry. Keck, Thomas. Koeler, Lewis.

J.

Bechtel, Daniel.

Behlen, Anthony. Bergonstock, David. Crist, Nelson.

Dech, William. Denins, Tilghman. Eichel, John.

Egge, Perry. Gingiuger, William. Guth, Henry. Gaumer, Willoughby. Haldeman, William H. Hiskey, Oliver. Heldt, Jonas. Harris, William P.

Huber, Peter. Hammersley, Ellis.

Kramer, Solomon. Keck, Franklin. KU'ckner, William. Konold, Melchoir.

Kramer, Henry. Kuhns, Alonzo.

^^ '

Keiper, Henry.

Kleckner, Benjamin.

Laubach, Thomas. Leiser, James.

Miller, Tilghman.

Miller, Henry.

Mohr, Henry. Miller, Charles.

Moyer, William J. McCrystal, James. Nonnermaker, John.

Hilliard, William.

Nonnermaker, Daniel. Nagel, Andrew.

Hackman, Martin.

Ochs, Jesse.

Hainse, Charles.

Renimel, Peter. Roth, Edwin.

Hackman,

Charles.

Hardner, David.

Ritz,

Tilghman.

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

80 Kehr, Lewis.

Smith, Joseph.

Keminel, Edward.

Trexler, Franklin.

Seip,

James M,

with a design of giving battle to the enemy concenBut before the movement was commenced a council of war was held, after which the order to advance was countermanded. On the 17th trated at Winchester.

Trexler, Henry.

Saeger, Kichard M.

Van Dyke, Walter. Wenner, George. Wormwn, Abraham. Wagner, Henry.

Stable}', Ohristiau.

Schwenk, Charles. Steele, Joseph.

Stuber, James.

the regiment was removed to Charlestown, on the 2l8t on the 22d to Hagerstown, and on

to Harper's Ferry,

Wasser, Franklin.

men were mustered men of Company D

the 24th to Harrisburg, where the

—

The Ninth Regiment (Three Months' Service). Of this regiment, recruited under the call for sev-

enty-five thousand

meDj issuedby the President April 15, 1861, Company D was from Lehigh County, and about one-half of its members were enlisted at Catasauqua. In that town a meeting was held immediately after the publication of the President's call.

were made by David Thomas, M. H. Horn, George W. Cyphers, and others, and a Patriotic addresses

which bore immediate fruit, and not but had an effect throughout the war

out.

During

their absence the

were not called upon to face the sternest duties of war but they performed all that was required of them. The Catasauqua men on their return home were tendered a collation, which was served in one of the Crane Iron Company's buildings, and the Allentown boys were also appropriately greeted at the city of their home.

NINTH REGIMENT

feeling aroused

only that,

At a second meeting, held on April 17th, the number of enlistments Avas increased to forty. These men were consolidated with a squad then' being

H.C. Longenecker, colonel; William H. H. Hangen,

period.

enlisted at Allentown,

and

Harrisburg on the 19th, where they were mustered into service on the left for

At the town-meeting in Catasauqua the following persons were appointed a committee to go with the enlisted

Company Hand, captain

;

C. A. G.

men

to Harrisburg,

to their wants Joshua Hunt, M. H. Horn, William Miller, C. D. Fuller, V. W. Weaver, and George W. Cyphers. After they were duly mustered. Governor Curtin commissioned M. H. Horn, of this committee, with authority to visit their camps and attend to their wants generally. From the date of muster the Ninth Regiment remained at Camp Curtin until May 4th, when, having received arms and accoutrements, it proceeded to West Chester, where a camp was established and daily drill had. There it remained until the 26th of May, when it moved by Philadelphia to Wilmington, Del., to :

strengthen the loyal feeling in that region.

The

reg-

iment remained in camp at Hare's Corner, Del., until June 6th, when it was ordered to join Gen. Patterson's command at Chambersburg, Pa. Here it was attached to the Fourth Brigade, First Division, commanded by Col. Dixon H. Miles, of the regular arftiy (who was subsequently killed at Harper's Ferry). The regiment advanced to the Potomac on Sunday, June 16th, and encamped on the road between Williamsport and Martinsburg. The regiment subsequently recrossed the Potomac and encamped near Williamsport until July 1st, when the whole army in and about that place removed across the river in the direction of Martinsburg, Va. The enemy under Jackson having retreated from Falling Waters, the Ninth encamped on the 2d of July on their campgrounds. From the 2d to the 8th they remained in and about Martinsburg, Va., and on the latter date moved out on the Winchester pike to Bunker Hill

and a general forward movement way decided upon

24, 1861.

first

lieutenant; Enoch

Phillipa

second lieutenant; Levi Stubler, first sergeant; William Semmer second sergeant; Tilghman Miller, third sergeant; Morgan RichCharles Nolf, Jr.,

first

corporal; Richard

Wilson, second corporal; William Williams, third corporal; Granville Hangams, fourth corporal Henry Stressen, musician William Miller, musician. ;

and attend

until they were mustered into service

Keck,

lieutenant-colonel.

D.

Mustered in April G. D.

ards, fourth sergeant;

24th.

(three months' service).

Field and Staff Officees.

;

Privates.

Arthur, Samuel. Barrow, Samuel C. Baumeister, William C.

Lewellyn, Thomas. Meyera, William H. Morrison, John.

Clement, Hugh.

Michael, Charles H.

Craft, Levi.

Mauley, Lewis. McClosky, John. McGee, Cornelius. McHecker, John.

Crogan, Richard.

Oooney, Michael. Dettwiler, Henry. Davis, Isaac.

McHoes", Joshua.

Daniel, Daniel.

Patrick, John.

Edwards, Evan. Elliott, James. Eckenberger, Henry. Fondran, Benedict. Graham, John.

Panly, William H. Paul, William.

Ruse, David.

Rohn, Wilson. Ritter, Augustus.

Grate, John.

Schwab, Joshua.

Hopkins, William. Hopkins, Johu. Hughes, James.

Snyder, William T. Sattenfuse, William H.

Henry, Francis. Hetthenson, James.

Smith, Samuel.

Hammerly, Robert.

Smith, Stephen.

Hacker, Jacob.

Steinberger, Henry. Tombler, David A. Vansychell, James.

Jones, Joseph.

Kramsic, Edwards. Kane, John. Kick, Lorentz. Keiser, Edwin.

Snyder, James R. Schlosser, William.

Vouland, Charles. Wilson, Frank H. William, Robert.

Keieer, William.

Werly, William.

Tilghmau. Lockwood, Samuel.

Wolf, Abraham.

Xandres, Francis.

Leister, Peter.

Young, James.

Leister,

The Forty-sixth Regiment (Three Years'

Service).

—Immediately after the mustering out of the three months' men, Arnold C. Lewis, then editor and publisher of the Catasauqua Herald, commenced recruiting a company for the three years' service, which eventually became Company C of the Forty-sixth Regiment. The company was composed, in part only, of men

;

:

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. from Catasauqua and vicinity, and the regiment was recruited in Northampton, Allegheny, Potter, Berks, Dauphin, and other counties. The men of Company C were mustered into service Aug. 17, 1861. The regimental organization was completed at Camp Curtin, Harrisburg, on September 1st, as follows Col. Joseph F. Knipe, Lieut.-Col. James L. The regiment was Selfridge, Maj. Arnold C. Lewis. assigned to the Army of the Shenandoah, and was posted on the Upper Potomac, along the Maryland Soon after its arrival it shore, near Harper's Ferry. was assigned to the First Brigade of the Second DiOn vision, under the command of Gen. Williams. the 24th of February, 1862, they crossed the Potomac, and under Gen. Banks occupied in turn Leesburg, Charlestown, Martinsburg, and Winchester. Their first engagement with the rebels was at or near Kernstown, and on the 25th of May, 1862, they participated in the battle of Winchester, where the Union army, numbering seven thousand men, contended with Jackson's forces of twenty thousand for five hours. In this fight the Forty-sixth lost in killed, wounded, and missing, seventeen men. On the 7th of August, 1862, they were ordered towards Cedar Mountain, and on the 9th, about 5 p.m., the whole division was :

advanced upon the rebel

lines.

The

position of the

Forty-sixth was opposite the enemy's advanced artillery, and upon this they charged with desperate valor. They were fearfully exposed to the enemy's artillery and strong lines of concealed infantry, which poured in upon them a merciless storm of shot and The total loss of the regiment was thirty shell.

wounded, and six taken prisoners. In the battle of Antietam they supported Ricketts' division, and advanced, carrying the woods to the Their loss in this right of and beyond the cornfield. Upon the battle was six killed and three wounded. inauguration of the Fredericksburg campaign the Forty-sixth was ordered forward from Fairfax, but did not arrive upon the field in time to be engaged. In the reorganization of the army the Forty-sixth was

killed, thirty-four

made

part of the Twelfth.

On

the 27th of April,

marched north to Kelly's Ford, crossed the Eappahannock and the Rapidan, and moved to Chancellorsville, and was here joined by the Third and Fifth Corps. The army under Gen. Hooker advanced May 1st, and was met by Stonewall Jackson's corps on the 2d, about sundown. Fighting immediately commenced, and was continued the whole night, and until the evening of the third, both armies 1863, the corps

The Forty-sixth lost four killed, a number wounded, and ten taken prisoners. On

losing heavily.

large

the evening of July 1st the regiment arrived at Gettysburg, and was posted on the summit of Gulp's Hill.

The Forty-sixth held the extreme

line as far as Spangler's Spring,

right of the

and owing

81

Twelfth Corps, to the Rapidan and was there detached from the Army of the Potomac and ordered to the support of Gen. Rosecrans, in Tennessee. In January, 1864, a large proportion of the officers and of the Forty-sixth

men

re-enlisted for a second term of

army at Chattanooga and entered the Twentieth Corps, the old Eleventh and Twelfth being consolidated. They par-

three years, and joined Gen. Sherman's

Sherman

ticipated in all of the battles fought under

most important of which were Eesaca, Dallas, Kenesaw, Peach-Tree Creek, Pine Knob, Marietta, and Atlanta. In these several engagements their loss in killed and wounded was about one hundred and fifty men. On Sept. 1, 1864, Atlanta surrendered, and the hard fighting of the regiment was now over. On the 11th of November, Sherman commenced On the 21st of December he his march to the sea. reached Savannah on the 17th of February, Colum-

after that date, the

;

on the 17th of March, Goldsboro'. On the 26th of April, Johnson surrendered at Raleigh, and the army immediately commenced its homeward march, and on the 16th of July the Forty-sixth, after nearly four years of faithful service, was mustered out. An order was given to muster out at Alexandria, Va., but

bia

;

the regiment was not broken until

reached Harris-

it

burg.^

Following

pany C of

the roster of the Lehigh

is

men

in

Com-

regiment

this

rOKTT-SIXTH BEGIMENT. Company Mustered in Aug.

17, 1861

C.

muBtered out July

;

16, 1865.

Aug. 17, 1861; maj. Sept. 4, 1861; killed Sept. 22, 1861, by private John Lanehan, of Co. I, while attempting to enforce discipline in a case of insubordination. (Lanehan was

Arnold

C. Lewis, elected oapt.

hanged

for the

crime near Frederick City, Md., Dec.

23, 1861.)

E. Thomas, elected 2d lieut. Aug. 17, 1861 1st lieut. Sept. 4, 1861. Joseph Matcbette, pro. to corp. Sept. 1, 1861 to 6th sergt. to Ist sergt. to 1st lieut. Not. 1, 1862 to capt. of Co. I, July 27, 1864.

W.

;

;

;

;

James Mcftuillen, pro. to corp. Not. 4, 1861; to sergt. March 2d lieut. March 20, 1864; to Ist lieut. July 27, 1864. Robert Wilson, pro. Aug. 9, 1862.

to Ist sergt.

;

to 2d lieut.

;

4,

killed at Cedar

1862; to

Mountain

to 1st Isaac DaTis, pro. to corp. Oct. 31, 1861; to sergt. Aug. 31, 1863; sergt.

May

22, 1865.

Daniel DaTis, pro. to corp. Nov. 6, 1863 to sergt. May 22, 1865. Edward Cramsic, pro. to 2d lieut. Co. E, May 22,,1865. Morgan Richards, pro. to 5th sergt. drowned near Edenberg, Va., April ;

;

4, 1862.

William McMonagle, pro. to corp. April John Moore, pro. to corp. April 8, 1864.

John Patrick, pro.

to corp.

May

8,

1864.

22, 1865.

Aug. 17, 1861 scTerely wounded at surg. Cedar Mountain; disabled for service and hon. disch. on certif. Nov. IS, 1862. John J. Davis, pro. to corp. April 4, 1862 to sergt. Nov. 9, 1863.

Robert E. Williams, pro.

to corp.

;

;

Hugh

Lyons, pro. to corp. Aug. 30, 1863.

John H. Price, pro. to

corp. Sept. 14, 1861. Privates.

Wallace Brown, killed at Cedar Mountain Aug. 9, 1862. disabled for service and Daniel Desmond, wounded at Cedar Mountain hon. disch. on surg. certif. Oct. 15, 1862. ;

to their

was small. After the withdrawal of Lee's army into Virginia the Forty-sixth was forwarded, with the Eleventh and sheltered position the loss

6

1

of

From an article by March 9, 1876.

Col.

M. H. Horn,

in the Catasauqua Valley Record

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

82

in battle, and trana. to Vet. Kea. Corps Nov.

John Leo, wounded

1,

1863.

John McQuillan, must, out on surg. sick certif. Nov. David Bachman, died at Philadelphia June 15, 1865.

24, 1862.

Nov. 27, 1862.

John Cannon, drowned with Morgan Richards, near Edenberg, Va., April 4,1862.

Andrew

Sinly,

wounded

in action

;

died Aug. 16, 1864.

Philip Hill, hon. disch. on surg. sick

duty Nov.

certif. as unfit for

11,

1862.

George Hasaon, wounded at Cedar Mountain Aug. 1862; grave at Alexandria, Va., No. 235.

9,

1862; died Sept.

May

1863.

2,

Patrick Reily, trans, to Vet. Res. Corps Dec. 16, 1863. at

Cedar Mountain Ang.

S.

Thompson, hon.

1862; died soon

disch. on surg. certif. aa unfit for service Feb. 21,

at Hancock, Md., Feb. 15, 1862.

Patrick Sullivan, hon. disch. on surg.

certif. as

unfit for service Feb. 13,

1863.

John

Blair, hon.

disch.

on surg.

certif.

April 13, 1863, as unfit for

service.

Philip Gallagher.

James Adams. Thomas Mooney, must, into service Jan. 7, 1864. James McCracken, must, into service Dec. 31, 1863. Condy Pollock, John Reed, must, into service Jan. 3, 1864. Edward Rogers. Samuel Zellner, disch. by General Order Oct. 22, 1862.

Edward Mullen. John McFadden, must, into aervice Feb.

29,

1864 abaent, sick, at muster ;

;

8,

1865. ,

The Forty-seventh Regiment (Three

Years' Ser-

— This

regiment in the three years' service was recruited principally through the influence and exer-

Tilghman H. Good, of Allentown, who was granted Ms authority by Governor Curtin on the 5th of August, 1861 Companies A and E were raised at Easton, B, G, I, and K at Allentown, C at Suntions of Col.

.

Perry Co., F at Catasauqua, and at Newport, Perry Co., and at Harrisburg. It will thus be seen that five companies, forming onehalf the strength of the regiment, were recruited in Lehigh County. Companies B, E, and G, as also a porat Bloomfield,

H

tion of

Company

I,

had previously served

in the First

Regiment, during the three months' service D, in the Second A and a portion of I, in the Ninth C, in the Eleventh and K, in the Twenty-fifth. The companies rendezvoused at Camp Curtin, and on the 1st of September the following field officers were appointed: Tilghman H. Good, colonel; G. W. Alex;

;

;

;

lip.-

of clothing practical proofs that they were

home. During the September 28th the Forty-seventh occupied the fort and momentarily expected an attack. At four o'clock in the morning they heard the heavy firing which they supposed to indicate an engagement with the enemy on the part of some of the other regiments encamped in the vicinity, and hastily forming the men marched at double quick three miles in the direction of the sound to reinforce their comrades. But it was found that through a sad mistake the Sixty-ninth and Seventy-first Pennsylvania Regiments had been firing upon each other. The regiment moved with the brigade and division to Camp Griffin, and on October 11th took part in the grand review at Bailey's Cross-Roads. On the 20th of December it was ordered to take part in the their friends at

bitterly cold night of

John Brown, must, into service Feb. 29 1864. John McMurtrie, must, into service Dec. 31, 1863. William Pritchard, must, into service March 11, 1864.

D

and

Third Brigade of Gen. W. F. Smith's diviunder Gen. J. J. Stevens, which comprised sides the Thirty-third, Forty-ninth, and Sevenlyninth New York Regiments. The Forty-seventii had been armed by the State with the Mississippi rifle and drilled exclusively in light infantry tactics. Its commanding cflScer was a strict disciplinarian, having for years commanded the Allen Rifles, a company well known in Pennsylvania for its efficient drill. As winter approached the soldiers of this regiment received in the form of blankets, gloves, and articles

H. W. Ehrit, must, into service Jan. 1, 1864. Benjamin Beidelman, must, into service March 3, 1864. Jeremiah Keef, must, into service Jan. 1, 1864. Thomas McMurtrie, must, into service March 9, 1864. Solomon J. Rowe, must, into service Feb. 29, 1864. Elias Beidelman, must, into service Feb. 26, 1864. William McGonegle, must, into service May 11, 1864. James McOlollan, must, into service April 7, 1864 must, out July

bury,

to the

21st,

being stationed on Kalorama Heights until the 27th, when it was ordered to join the advance of the army. It encamped at Fort Ethan Allen and was assigned

remembered by

out.

vice).

the State

sion,

1863.

Frank Ward, died

The Forty-seventh proceeded from

to the

9,

after in the field.

W.

September 20th. national capital, arriving there on September

1862.

John A. Richards, wounded

degree of proficiency in discipline. The various companies were uniformed and equipped as they were mustered in, at dates varying from August 19th to

7,

John Kilpatrick, hon. disch. on surg. certif. as disabled Oct. 26, 1862. Jamea McLaughlin, hon. disch. onaurg. certif. as unfit forserviceOct. 10, David McCn ndles, killed at Ohancellorsville, Va.,

major; James W. Fuller, Jr., was appointed adjuSchools of instruction for oflicers were instituted, and although but little opportunity was presented for drill, the command was brought to a high tant.

Daniel Dyei', hon. disch. on surg. sick certif. July 14, 1862. Alexander Doneghly, wounded in battle; hon. disch. (disabled) on surg. certif.

ander, lieutenant-colonel; and William H. Gausler

battle of Dranesville, but the

reached the

enemy

retreated before

On

Jan. 22, 1862, the regiment was ordered, at the request of Brig.-Gen. Brannan, then commanding the Third Brigade, to accompany it

field.

him to Key West, Fla. On the following day it left Washington for Annapolis, embarked on the steamship "Oriental" on the 27th, and arrived at Key

West February 4th. It was then brigaded with the Seventh New Hampshire and the Ninetieth and

New York, all under the command of Gen. Brannan. While in Florida the regiment suffered much from fevers incidental to the climate, and Ninety-first

many

of

its

members

died.

At

length,

upon the

18th

of June, to the relief and joy of all, it embarked for Hilton Head, S. C, where it arrived on the 22d. In

July it moved to Beaufort, where it was brigaded with the Sixth Connecticut, Seventh New Hampshire, and

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OP THE REBELLION. Eighth Maine.

It

being necessary to picket the en-

the

effect;

enemy

fled

83

precipitately

and

in panic.

and a large portion of the force being sent North, the duty devolving upon those who remained became exceedingly onerous, but the men of the Forty-seventh bore their full sbare, and the regiment received the highest commendation from Gens. Hunter and Brannan for its attention to duty and fine

Pursuit was made, and after a chase of four miles the enemy was found in force at Pocotaligo bridge, under

discipline.

fective fire. But they received a storm more terrible than they sent, for the rebels in their strong intrenohmeuts obtained a large reinforcement, and poured forth a murderous fire upon the Union line. The ammunition of the artillery being completely exhausted, and night coming on, the command was withdrawn to Mackey's Point. Capts. Mickley and Junker and fourteen enlisted men were killed and one hundred and fourteen wounded. Both oflicers and men were complimented in general orders for Returning to Hilton Head on the their gallantry.

tire island,

Soon after Gen. 0. M. Mitchell assumed command of the Department of the South, about the middle of September, an expedition was fitted out to penetrate Florida and remove the obstructions in the St. John's For this purpose a force was selected, conRiver. sisting of the Forty-seventh Pennsylvania, Seventh Connecticut, First Connecticut Battery, and one company of the First Massachusetts Cavalry, all under command of Gen. Brannan. Landing at Maysport Mills on the 1st of October, the campaign was opened by operations directed against strongly-fortified point five miles

the St. John's River.

John's Bluff, a from the mouth of

St.

Making a detour

of twenty-

miles through pine woods and swamps, the Forty-seventh constantly in the advance, and almost incessantly skirmishing with and driving the enemy before them, the command bivouacked at night in the

five

The gunboats were constantly exchanging shots with the rebels in their works during In the morning the brigade was formed the night. and advanced to the assault, but they found that the Confederate Gen. Finuegan, who was in command, had evacuated under cover of the darkness, leaving eleven pieces of artillery and a great quantity of am-

rear of the fort.

munition.

Companies B and E, under command of

Capt. Yard, were sent in pursuit of the retreating foe, and, after a sharp skirmish, took possession of Jack-

Thence the two companies proceeded, on the 6th of October, by steamer " Darlington," two hundred miles up the river, where the rebel steamer " Governor Milton" was captured and safely conveyed within the Union lines. The loss to the Forty-seventh in these successful operations was but two wounded. sonville, Fla.

On

the 21st the

command proceeded

to destroy the

and sever communication between Charleston and Savannah. A landing was effected at Mackey's Point, and with the Forty-seventh again in advance the force marched torailroad bridge over the Pocotaligo,

command

of Gen. Walker.

their front.

A

ravine extended along

The Forty-seventh was ordered to

relieve

the Seventh Connecticut, and forming upon the edge of the stream, kept up for two hours a steady and ef-

23d, the Forty-seventh was, a

week

later, detailed as

escort at the burial of Gen. Mitchell,

and

fired the

salute over his grave.

The Forty- seventh was ordered to Key West, Fla., on the 15th of November, and arrived there on the Here a detachment of five companies, under 18th. command of Col. Good, was ordered to garrison Fort Taylor, and the remaining fire, under Lieut.-Col. Alexander, to garrison Fort Jefferson. At this time the military importance of these posts was very

A strenuous effort to secure foreign intervention was being made by the Confederate governIn his ment, and with some prospect of success. instructions to Col. Good the general commanding says, " It is hardly necessary to point out to you the

great.

extreme military importance of the two works now intrusted to your

command.

Suffice

that

it to state

they cannot pass out of our hands without the greatest possible disgrace to whoever may conduct their defense and to the nation at large. In view of difficulties that may soon culminate in war with foreign powers, it is eminently necessary that these works

should be immediately placed beyond any possibility of seizure by any naval or military force that may be thrown upon them from neighboring ports. Seizure of these forts by coup de main may be the .

.

.

wards the bridge. Col. Good being in command of the brigade and Lieut.-Col. Alexander in command of

by foreign powers, and their distance from reinforcements, point them out (independent of their national importance) as peculiarly

the regiment. The brigade had marched but a few miles when, coming out into an open region, it re-

the object of such an effort to possess them." Recognizing the imminent peril to which they were exposed,

from a rebel field battery. The brigade was deployed to the front, and drove the enemy from their position. A little farther on, at Frampton, the rebels were found posted in a wood with infantry and artillery, while in their front was an open cotton-field. The brigade was formed in line of battle with two companies thrown forward as skir-

without a moment's delay the entire available force was employed to place the forts in the best possible condition of defense, and the efforts were unremitting until every means at command were brought into

ceived a heavy

mishers,

a

fire

and charged upon the enemy in the face of This bold movement had the desired

terrific fire.

first

act of hostilities instituted

and the comparative

isolation of their position,

them impregnable. In these in command, the regiment Good Col. with positions, remained until the 25th of February, 1864. In the mean time five hundred men of the regiment had

requisition to render

re-enlisted

and received a veteran furlough.

The

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLYANIA.

84

repelled a charge

made

against that regiment,

Forty-seventh was highly complimented at various

fifth,

its occupancy of Key West for its efficiency, and continually enjoyed the confidence of the department commander. In obedience to orders received Feb. 25, 1864, the regiment proceeded to Franklin, La., where it was assigned to the Second Brigade of the First DiAn expedition was vision, Nineteenth Army Corps. fitting out at Franklin, under command of Gen. Banks, to proceed up the Red River, and on March 15th it moved, infantry, cavalry, and artillery, by way of New Iberia, Vermilionville, Opelousas, and Washington to Alexandria, where it was joined by the command of Gen. A. J. Smith, and a fleet of gun-

and before which they had fallen back. Then the Forty-seventh made an impetuous counter-charge, and a desperate encounter ensued, in which the rebels

times during

boats under

command

a few days' rest

it

again

Commodore Porter. After moved forward, following the

of

Red River toward Shreveport, which was to be the point of attack. The line of march from Natchitoches was through a country affording no forage and but little water. The regiment encamped on the night of April 7th at Pleasant Hill, and on the following day marched until three o'clock Firing had been P.M., when the column halted. heard in the front for some time, and the Fortyseventh was hurriedly formed and sent forward at double quick, passing the Second Division of the Nineteenth Corps. As it approached the scene of action, infantry, cavalry, and artillery, in a confused mass, were met hurrying toward the rear. The brigade was brought into position on a small elevation. Scarcely had this been done when the rebels, flushed by victory, came sweeping on in hot pursuit of the retreating Union troops. A well-directed volley at short range fi'om the half-concealed battle-line which had been hastily formed suddenly brought them to a halt. Infantry and artillery had poured a storm of lead and iron into their ranks which literally mowed them down. The rebel line wavered and fell back, but again pressed forward bravely, and was again repulsed. Moore, in his " Rebellion Record," says, " Volley after volley was discharged from each side full into the ranks of their opponents, but neither gave signs of yielding, and night charitably threw her mantle over the ghastly scene, and enforced a cessation of hostilicourse of the

were driven back and several pieces of

artillery cap-

Alexander was severely wounded, and Color-Sergt. Benjamin F. Walls was wounded, as was also Sergt. Pyers, of Company C, who seized the colors when Walls was obliged to relinquish Lieut.-Col.

tured.

them. Gen. Banks, notwithstanding the victory at Pleasant Hill, was obliged to retreat to Grand Ecore, which

There the army remained

place was strongly fortified.

when the

until the 22d,

retreat to Alexandria was

commenced, which place was reached on the 25th, after a light engagement with the enemy at Cave Hill. During this expedition the Forty-seventh marched eight hundred miles, and lost, by sickness, killed, wounded, and missing, two hundred men. On the 16th of May the army reached Simmsport, and crossed the Atchafalaya on a bridge of steamers. Subsequently the regiment

moved

to

New

Orleans, and was

ordered from there to Washington, where it arrived on July 12, 1864. As a part of the Nineteenth Corps,

under Gen. Hunter, the Forty-seventh was engaged in the defense of the capital, and in expelling the Gen. Sheridan was soon rebel army from Maryland. after placed in

here,

known

On

command

and proceeded as the

Army

of the forces concentrated

to reorganize

what was

thereafter

of the Shenandoah.

the 19th of September the regiment, posted on

the extreme right of the corps, engaged in the battle of Opequan.

At two

o'clock a.m. Gen. Sheridan drew

out his entire force, determined to carry the enemy's

works by

assault.

The

First Division of the Nine-

teenth Corps, to which the Forty-seventh was attached,

fought with great gallantry, and sustained heavy loss.

The grand charge

of Gen. Crook's forces and

the cavalry under Averill was held by this regiment.

The

made through

the

line

back to Fisher's Hill, eight miles south of Winchester, where they were found on the 21st strongly posted. The Fortyseventh deployed as skirmishers, and charged the enemy's works. Owing to the abruptness of the asrebels

fell

The wounded of both armies lay during the night between the lines, and their groans and cries

cent the rebels were unable to depress their guns, and the men suffered little loss. The pursuit of the re-

were most distressing. Shortly after midcommand was withdrawn, and, wearied and

treating foe was continued during the entire night,

ties.

for water

night the

returned to Pleasant Hill on the 9th. The loss was near sixty men killed and wounded, and among the former was Lieut. Swoyer, of Company

worn,

K.

it

At Pleasant Hill the regiment was posted on

the right of the line, with blufi'.

made

its

right resting on a high

The enemy, under command

of " Dick" Taylor, an attack at mid-day, and the battle raged with

great fury until five o'clock p.m.

In the middle of the afternoon the Forty-seventh was ordered from the right to the left of the line, and while passing by the flank, in the rear of the

One Hundred and

Sixty-

and

until it reached Port Republic. The command soon after returned, and encamped at Cedar Creek. Col.

Good and

Lieut.-Col.

Alexander were mus-

tered out on the 24th of September, their terms having expired, and Maj. Gobin and Charles W. Abbott, of

Company K, were promoted to fill the vacancies, while Capt. Levi Stuber, of Company I, was promoted to major.

On the 17th of October the Forty-seventh proceeded on a reconnoiesance to Strasburg, and on the Wth participated in the battle of Cedar Creek, where the Army of West Virginia, under Crook, was surprised

COL.

T.

H.

GOOD.

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OP THE REBELLION. and driven from its works. The Second Brigade, with the Forty-seventh on the right, was thrown into the breach to arrest the retreat. The line was formed while vast bodies of

men were

rushing by it, and a heavy fog prevented objects being seen at a distance of fifty yards. Suddenly the enemy came down under cover of the fog. The right of the regiment was

thrown back until

it

was almost a

semicircle.

The

brigade, only fifteen hundred strong, was contending

with Gordon's entire division, and was forced to retire, but in comparatively good order, though exposed to a raking fire. Repeatedly forming as it was pushed

making a stand at every available point, it succeeded in checking the enemy's onset, when Gen. Sheridan suddenly appeared upon the field, who

back, and finally

met his crestfallen, shattered battalions without a word of reproach, but joyously swinging his cap, shouted to the stragglers as he rode rapidly past them, " Face the other way, boys We are going back to our camp We are going to lick them out of their !

!

boots first

The

reformed almost as by magic. The charge of the enemy fell upon the Nineteenth !"

lines

Corps, and was handsomely repulsed.

The

force of

the blow was heavy upon the Forty-seventh, but

it

stood firm, and was complimented on the field by Gen.

Thomas.

When

The army now began

to take

courage.

the final grand charge was made, the regiment

moved at nearly right angles with the rebel front. The brigade charged gallantly, and the entire line making a left wheel, came down on the enemy's left flank, when they " went whirling up the valley" in confusion.

In the pursuit

to Fisher's Hill the regi-

and upon its arrival was placed on the skirwhere it remained until noon of the next day. The army was attacked at early dawn, and no respite was given to take food until the pursuit was ended. Capt. Minnich was killed, Maj. Gobel (captain Company G) mortally, and Capt. Oyster severely, wounded. The loss was one hundred and seventysix killed, wounded, and missing. The corps fell back five miles to Winchester, and went into winter quarters. A good camp was formed, but it had to be abandoned, and on the evening of the 20th of December,

ment

led,

mish

line,

in the midst of a snow-storm, the regiment moved towards Fairview, where it again went into winter quarters, and was on constant active duty, guarding the railroad and constructing works of defense against the incursions of the guerrillas. The regiment par-

ticipated in a

number

of reconnoissances

and

skir-

mishes during the winter. After the surrender of Lee to Grant, on the 9th

moved by rail to Washingand encamped near Fort Stevens. Here it was clothed and equipped, and participated in the grand review on the 23d and 24th of May. On the 1st of June it was again ordered to duty, and embarked for Savannah, Ga., where it arrived on the 6th. In July it proceeded to Charieston, S. C, and relieved the of April, the regiment

ton,

One Hundred and

Sixty-fifth

New

York, on duty in

85

the city,

its headquarters being in the beautiful mansion of the Confederate Secretary of the Treasury.

Company E garrisoned Fort Moultrie, and a detachment of Company G Fort Sumter. Many of the members of the Forty-seventh fell victims to disease, and their remains now repose in Magnolia Cemetery. At length the long-wished-for day of muster out arrived. The regiment, on the 3d of January, 1866, embarked for New York, where, after a stormy passage,

it

arrived safely and proceeded by rail to Phila-

had seen service in seven of the Southern in the most exhausting campaigns, marched more than twelve hundred miles, and made twelve voyages at sea. It was the only

delphia. States,

It

participated

Pennsylvania regiment that participated in the Red River campaign, or that served in that department prior to the surrender of Lee. On the 9th of January, after a term of service of four years and four months, it was mustered out at Camp Cadwalader.^ Col. Tilghman H. Good. Henry Good, the grandfather of Col. Good, emigrated from Switzerland, and settled in South Whitehall township, Lehigh Co., Pa., where he was an enterprising farmer. His children were three sons Nathan, James, and Henry and five daughters, Mary, Leah, Hettie, James was born in South WhiteEliza, and Anna.

—

— —

—

May 24, 1804, and died Dec. 21, 1838, having succeeded to the employment of his father. He married Mary Blumer, born Feb. 6, 1807, daughter of AbramBlumer, of the same township, and had chilhall township,

—^Edwin

Tilghman H., James (deRufus Snyder), Henrietta (Mrs. Russel Thayer), and Caroline (Mrs. William Reinsmith). Tilghman H. was born Oct. 6, 1830, in South dren,

(deceased),

ceased), Sarah (Mrs.

Whitehall.

When

eiglit

years of age, his father hav-

home with his uncle, Peter Blank, with whom he remained until his sixteenth year, his time having been occupied with labor upon the farm and attendance at the neighboring school. ing died, the lad found a

He

then removed to Allentown and became an apOn completing

prentice to the trade of a shoemaker.

term of service he removed to Philadelphia, and two years continued to exercise his skill upon the bench. On returning to Allentown he opened a boot and shoe store, and continued thus engaged until 1849, when he became the landlord of the Allen House, and after a period of four years in connection with the latter enterprise he resumed his former his for

business.

Good was, on the 6th of April, 1851, married Miss Mary, daughter of Amandus Trexler, of Allentown, to whom was born one child, who died in infancy. On the organization of the Allentown Bank, Col. Good was elected paying teller, which position he filled for four years, when he engaged in the sale of hats and shoes. He had for many years been Col.

to

1

Taken with some

vania Volunteers.

slight cliaiigea

from Bates' Record of the Penusyl-

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

86

identified with the militia of the State, as

commander

of the Allen Eifles and brigade inspector

for

the

county. His military ardor and patriotism alike prompted him to offer his services to the government in the emergency. He assisted in the organization of the First Pennsylvania Regiment of Volunteers, of

which he was made lieutenant-colonel. After three months' service he organized the Forty-seventh Regiment Pen nsylvania Volunteers, and for three years and two months participated actively as its commander in many of the most important events of the war. The regiment was at various times highly complimented for its efficiency, and enjoyed the confidence of the

commander

of the department.

On

retiring from

Good became landlord of the American Hotel, and two years later embarked in the real estate, insurance, and banking business, which was continued until 1879, when he became a second active service Col.

time landlord of the Allen House. He has been largely identified with the growth and business development of AUentown, as director and former secretary and treasurer of the Elliger Real Estate Association, and member of the building committee to erect the Adelaide Silk-Mills, and in many other important interests. Col. Good has been for many years an influential advocate of the principles of the Democracy in his county. He was in 1858 elected to the State Legislature, serving on various important committees. He was in 1868 elected mayor of AUentown, re-elected in 1870, and at a later period served in the

same

ofiicial

member

capacity for a third term.

of the Allen

Commandery

He

is

also a

of Knights

Tem-

plar.

Maj. William H. Gatjslee.— David Gausler

(or

William H., was a native of Bucks County, Pa., and reared by Mr. Huber. He learned the trade of a shoemaker in Northampton County, which was successfully followed for a brief period, after which he embarked in the business of hotel-keeping at Rittersville, Hanover township, Lehigh Co., and later at Howertown and Butztown, Northampton Co., Pa. He was an officer in the Florida war, in 1835-36, as also under Gen. Sam Houston in Texas, where he doubtless met his death. Mr. Gossler married Polly, daughter of Abram Clater, whose family were distinguished in early times, and had children, William H. and Augustus A., the latter of whom was drowned, in 1848, in the Lehigh Canal, near Easton. William H. was born on the 9th of May, 1830, at Rittersville, Hanover township, and spent much of his early youth at Bethlehem in school. From 1840 until 1856 he was associated with the Lehigh Canal, first as driver and (at fourteen) as commander of a boat. Being a young man of much enterprise he soon acquired a large boating property, and on attaining his majority was the proprietor of a line of twelve transportation boats on the above canal plying between Philadelphia and White Haven. He also had a line running from White Haven to Gossler), the father of

—

AUentown, supplying the towns en route with provisions and other materials, and returning with lumber. In 1856, under the firm-name of Pretz,

&

Balliet,

he established a planing-mill and lumber-yard, which business was continued for three In 1860, Mr. Gausler established a wholesale years. coal- and lumber-yard, and conducted an extensive Gausler

Co.,

trade until the freshet of 1862 compelled its abandonment. At the beginning of the late war (in 1861) he entered the service as commander of the Allen Rifles

and Jordan

Artillery, of

AUentown.

He

was, at the

expiration of his term of service, appointed major of

the Forty-seventh teers,

Regiment Pennsylvania VolunGood and himself, and par-

organized by Col.

Red River expedition under Gen. Banks. He was appointed provost^marshal at Key West, Fla., in 1862, and was also placed in command of Fort Taylor. Mr. Gausler, in 1866, made Philadelphia his place of residence, where he engaged in the wholesale grocery trade. In 1868 he became an importer of queensware, and a year later organized the firiii of Gausler, ticipated actively in the

& Co., which existed for five years, after which the present firm of Gausler, Hoffman & Co. was established, now the leading importers of queensware in the city of Philadelphia. Mr. Gausler was married, in 1852, to Miss Sarah A. Schimpf, of AUentown, whose children are Augustus C, Emma (Mrs. William Leeds), Nina (Mrs. George C. Child), William H., Edward A., and Jennie. In politics Mr. Gausler's sentiments are strongly Republican, and though formerly active in the political arena and a member of the City Council of Allentown, he is now chiefly devoted to business pursuits. He is in religion a member of the Lutheran Church. He is also identified with the Masonic fraternity, as a Russel

member

of Porter

Lodge

(of Catasauqua), Free and

Accepted Masons, and of Hector Tindale 160, of the

Post, No.

Grand Army of the Republic. Field and Staff.i

Col.

Tilgbman H. Good (AUentown), must, into

eervice Sept. 24, 1861;

must, out Sept. 24, 1804, exp. of term. GoWn (Sunbury), pro. fiom capt. Co. to maj. July 24,1864; to col. Jan. 3, 1865 to brev. brig.-gen. Marcb 13, 1866 must, out witb regiment Dec. 26, 1865.

Col. J. P. S,

;

Lieut.-Uol. 6.

;

W. Alexander

(Reading), must, out Sept. 23, 1864, exp. of

term. Lieut.-Col. Cbarles

W. Abbott (AUentown),

pro.

from

capt. Co.

K

Jan.

3, 1865; must, out witb regiment Dec. 25, 1866. Maj. William H. Gausler (AUentown), disch. by special order of War Department April 15, 1864. Maj. Levi Stuber (AUentown), pro. from capt., Co. I, to maj. May 22,

1866; must, out witb regiment. Adjt. J.

W.

80, 1861

Fuller, Jr. (Catasauqua), pro. from sergt., Co, P, to adjt. ;

res,

Jan.

9,

Oct.

1862.

W. H. E. Hangen (AUentown), dismissed by order of War Depart. ment April 15, 1864. Q.M. James Yan Dyke (AUentown), pro. from 1st lient., Co. C, to q.m.

Adjt.

Sept. 24, 1861

Q.M. Francis

Z.

;

rea.

Jan. 16, 1862.

Heebner (AUentown),

pro.

from private, Co.

B, to

q.ai.

' Those members of the field and staff who are from Lehigh County are indicated, and a few officers from other localities are inserted.

CU^.C^

.

;

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. Jan. 20, 1862; prisoner from October, 1804, to March, 1865; must, out June 1, 1805, exp. of term.

Q.M.W. H. Ginkinger

died at Winchester, Va., Oct, 25, 1864, of wounds received at Cedar Creek Oct. 19, 1864; veteran.

(Allentown), pro. from private, Co, B.to com.to q.m. June 23, 1805 must, out witli regi-

sergt. Sept. IS, 1861

;

;

ment.

Corp.,

must. Aug. 30, 1801

James Hamilton, musician, must. Jan. Aug.

pro. to capt.

;

must, out Sept. 18, 1864, exp. of terra. G. Minnich, capt., must. Aug. 30, 1861

died at

;

;

30, 1801;

Key West,

26, 1865;

Aug.30,

pro. to let lieut.

;

30, 1801; trans, to Co.

Adam

Alfred Eisenbraum, musician, must. Aug. 30, 1801

9.

must. Aug. 30, 1861 pro. to Ist lieut. Sept. 19,1864; to capt. Jan. 4,1805; must, out with company Dec. 25, capt.,

;

1864; to

1st lieut.,

must. Aug. 30,1801

Jan.

lieut.

l{»t

4,

1805

lieut.,

must. Aug. 30, 1861

must, out Sept. 18,

;

E. A. Hilliard, 2d

25,

30,

pro. to 2d lieut. Jan.

;

1,

must. Aug. 30,1861; pro. to sergt.

sergt.,

with company

Dec. 25, 1805; veteran. killed at Pocotaligo, S

;

C,

died at Georgetown,

;

buried in Military Asylum Cemetery, District of

Columbia.

sergt.,

must. Aug. 30. 1861

pro. to sergt. Sept. 19, 1864

;

must, out with company Dec. 25, 1865

John Houck,

;

veteran.

;

John

D.,

must. Dec. 21, 1863

Assenheimer,

must. March

G.,

Franklin Fatzinger,

1862

pro. to sergt. Jan. 1, 1865

;

company Dec.

Oliver Hiskey, aergt., must.

Aug.

30,

25, 1865

1863

;

;

pro. to sergt. Nov.

veteran.

;

must, out Sept. 18, 1864, exp.

;

Acker, Cornelius, must. Jan,

1864;

wounded

sergt.

Nov.

;

at Cedar Creek. Va., Oct. 19, 186i

1805

Aug.

pro. to sergt. ;

1,

pro. to com.-

;

;

;

;

;

;

Daniel G. Gerhard, Corp., must. Aug.30, 1861 pro. to corp. Oct. must, out with company Dec. 25, 1805 veteran.

16, 1865;

;

must, out with company Dec.

disch.

;

Charles H. Knauss, Corp., must. Sept. 24, 1861

pro. to corp. Oct. 4, 1865

;

at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864

;

must, out with company

;

Aug.

27, 1862.

March

12, 1802.

certif.

Fla.,

died at Berryville, Va., Sept. 15,

;

1804; veteran,

must, out with company Dec. 26,

;

1806.

must, out Sept. 18, 1804, exp. of

;

term.

Aug. 30, 1861 Blumer, Alexander, must. Aug,

must, out Aug. 21, 1865

;

30, 1801

Bohlen, Frederick, must. Aug. 30, 1801

;

;

veteran.

must, out Sept. 18, 1804, exp.

1804

9,

;

died at

New

Orleans, La., July 9,

1864.

Bergensbock, H., must. Feb. 11, 1805.

Chamberlain,

G.,

must. Feb.

1864; must, out with

2,

;

pany Dec. 25, 1865 veteran. George J. "Weiss, corp., must. Aug.

company Dec.

25,

1866.

Cope, Thomas, must. Jan. 29, 1864; must, out with company Deo. 25, 1805.

Clader, Ephraim, must.

March

must, out with company Dec.

14, 1805;

26, 1865.

Clader, Ephraim, must. Aug. 30, 1801

Deal, George, must. April

must, out with company Dec.

;

1865; must, out Sept. 18, 1804, exp. of

4,

term.

Danohn, Joseph, must. Aug.

;

Beinsmith, corp., must. Aug. 30, 1861; pro. to Corp. Oct. 1,1864; wounded at Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 1864 must, out with com-

;

must, out with company Dec.

25,

30, 1801

disch. on

;

surg. certif. Oct. 24,

1803.

Denhard, Edward, must.

,

1861; must, out Sept. 18, 1864, exp. of

term.

;

30, 1861

must, out with company Dec. 25, 1865

pro. to corp. Oct. 20, 1804;

;

Diehl, Solomon

J.,

mast. Sept.

1802

10,

;

died at

Key West,

Fla.,

June

18, 1863.

veteran.

;

Hamson Geiger, Corp., must. Aug.30, 1861; pro. to corp. Nov. 1,1804; wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864; must, out with comveteran.

;

1,

1862.

1806.

16, 1865

;

Henry Storch, corp., must. Aug. army Jan. 13, 1862.

must, out Sept. 18, 1864, exp. of

;

Brong, Lewis H,, must, Sept. 10, 1802; must, out June 1, 1865. Beltz, Henry, must. Aug. 30, 1861; died at Key West, Fla., March

Dingier, John, must. Feb. 13, 1865

Dec. 25, 1805.

Valentine Fisher, Corp., must. Aug. 30, 1861 pro. to corp. Oct. must, out with company Dec. 25, 1865 veteran.

25, 1865

on surg.

Key West,

died at

;

25, 1805.

;

Detrick, Ambrose, must. 7,

March

2,

1864; died at Washington, D. C.,Oct.

1804.

Eggye, Perry, must. Jan. 9, 1802 must, out Jan. 16, 1805, exp. of term. Fleming, John, must. Jan. 30, 1865 must, out with company Dec. 26, ;

30, 1861

regular

disch. to enlist in

;

;

1865.

Allen J. Keinhard, Corp., must. Sept. 10, 1862 must, out June Henry A. Schwartz, Corp., must. Oct. 16, 1862; must, out Oct. ;

1,

Ferber, Peter, must. Aug. 30, 1801

1865.

15, 1865,

;

must, out Oct.

15, 1865,

;

must, out Sept. 18, 1804, exp. of

term. 18, 1863 wounded at Sabine Cross-Eoads, La., must, out June 29, 1865. Funk, George, must. Aug. 30, 1861 disch. Nov. 24, 1862, to re-eulist in

Fries,

exp. of term.

Francis H. Straohly, Corp., must. Oct. 16, 1862

John, must. Nov.

April

8,

1864

;

;

;

exp. of term. Corp.,

Boads, La., April

must. Aug. 30, 1801

8,

wounded

;

at Sabine Cross-

1864; pro. to corp. Sept. 19, 1864

;

disch. Oct. 4,

regular army.

Fink, Edward, must. Aug. 9,

veteran.

30, 1861

;

killed at Pleasant Hill, La., April

1804.

1864;

Geidner, Evan, must. Aug. 30, 1801; wounded at Cedar Creek, Va.,Oct. 19,1864; must, out with company Deo. 25, 1805; veteran. with company Dec. 25, Geist, William, must. Sept. 4, 1861 ; must, out

Aug. 30, 1861 died at Hilton Head, S. C, Nov. wounds received at Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 1862.

lh06 ; veteran. Graver, John, must. Jan. 11,1804; must, out with company Dec. 25,

John A. Darrohn,

Corp.,

12, 1864, of

must. Aug.

30, 1861

wounds received

at

;

died at Winchester, Va.,

Cedar Creek, Va., Oct.

4,

veteran. Corp., must.

1862, of

;

Barry, James, must. Jan. 24, 1865.

veteran.

;

Matthew B. Tuller, sergt., must. Aug. 30, 1861. Henry H. Kramer, Corp., must. Sept. 10, 1861 pro. to corp. June 24, 1861 wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1804 must, out with company Dec. 25, 1805 veteran John Eisenhard, corp., must. Aug. 30, 1801 pro. to Corp. April 21,1865; must, out with company Dec. 25, 1865 veteran.

Lewis H. Seip,

14, 1862

Apple, Jacob, must. Aug. 30, 1861

Braden, Josiah, must. Feb.

of term.

Charles Backman, sergt., muet. Aug. 30, 1861

pany Dec.

must, out with company Dec.

term.

must. Aug. 30, 1861

sergt.,

1865; must, out with

wounded

;

of term. 9,

must, out with company Dec. 25, 1865.

1,

1864

2,

Bast, Jacob, must.

must, out with company Dec.

;

26, 1S65; veteran.

Charles E. Miller, sergt., must. Jan.

Aaron Fink,

Pi-ivates,

Albright,

Bergensbock, H., must. Aug. 30, 1861

Oct. 22, 1862.

T. Bergensbock, sergt., must. Sept. 10, 1861

Thomas

;

Bieber, William, must. Jan. 24, 1865

Allen Goumer, 1st sergt., must. Aug.30, 1861

B,

1861

Apple, John, must. Aug. 30, 1801

veteran.

25, 1865;

Sept. 19, 1864; to 1st sergt. Jan. 1,1865; must, out

Nov.

0., Oct. 26,

26, 1865,

company Dec.

F. Gourwine, 1st

Aug.

pro. to 2d lieut.

;

lSr-4.

must. Aug. 30, 1801

lieut.,

1865; must, out with

;

D.

1802.

9,

25, 1865.

Allen G. Ballict, 2J

1865

Garrecht, musician, must, Jan.

pro. to 2d lieut. Sept 19,

;

must, out with company Dec.

;

1805; veteran.

Thomas

Sept.

veteran.

;

H. A. Haltiman,

1861

G

19, 1801.

1804; buried in National Cemetery, Winchester, lot

1864

March

must, out with company

1861; to capt. Sept. 19, 1804; killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19,

William H. Kleckner,

Fl a.,

killed at Sabine Cross- Roads,

Dec. 25, 1865.

Henry Strominger, musician, must. Aug.

Edwin

T.

Remmel,

29, 1863.

La., April 8, 1864; veteran.

B.

E. P. Rhoads, capt., must. Aug. 30, 1801

>

Jesse

Francis Xandi-r, Corp., must. Aug. 30, 1801

Company

87

Miller, Corp., must.

;

Aug.

30, 1861

;

pro. to corp. Sept. 19, 1864

;

1805.

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

88

Gangwere, "William, must. Aug.

30, 1861; must, out Sept. 18, 1864, exp.

Ginkinger, William H., must. Sept, 14, 1861

pro. to com.-sergt. Sept.

;

George, Nathan, must. Aug. 30,1861;

wounds received

14, 1862, of

Hilton Head,

dierl at

at Pocotaligo, S.

C,

Hettle, Daniel E., must. Feb. 10, 1865; must, out witli

S.

C, Nov.

30, 1866

company Dec.

25,

1862

1,

;

30, 1861

;

1865

25,

must, out with company Dec.

;

Houseman, Joseph, must. Aug.

23, 1864

William H., must. Jan.

;

must, out June

1,

1865.

14, 1862; must, out Jan. 15, 1865, exp.

1861

.30,

;

must, out with company Dec.

wounded

;

at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct.

must, out June 1, 1865. wounded at Winchester, Va., must, out with company Dec. 26, 1865.

Osmon, Andrew, must. Sept. 19,

of term.

25

19, 1864.

1864

;

10, 1862

must. Feb.

Pfeiffer, Charles,

1864.

pro. to sergt.-maj. Sept. 1,1864. died. at Charleston, S. C, Oct,

25, 1865.

Newhard, Allen, must. Aug.

1866.

1864

9,

;

;

Pauley, Henry, must. Aug. 30, 1861

Sept.

disch. on surg. certif. April 16

;

1864.

Hartzel, Alvin

J.,

Hubner, Francis

must. Nov. 23, 1863 Z.,

must. Sept.

trans, to Co. I April 16, 1864.

;

14, 1861

Pfeiffer,

pro. to q.-m.-sergt. Sept. 14,

;

Obediah, must. Jan.

9,

1862; wounded, with loss of

Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 1862

disch.

;

on surg.

certif.

leg, at

March

16,

1866; veteran.

1861.

Haltiman, Peter H., must. Sept. 1864, of

wounds

10, 1862; died at

Baltimore, Md., Nov.

received at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864.

Hedrick, Levenas, must. Oct.

drowned

12, 1863;

at Morgauzia, La.,

1862; died at

9,

Key West,

Fla.,

Aug,

27

June

Aug.

Ritz, Tilghman, must.

must, out with company Dec.

25,

must, out with company Dec.

25,

;

must, out with company Dec.

25,

18, 1863

must, out with company Dec.

25,

20, 1861

;

1865.

William H., must. Sept.

14, 1861

;

died at

Key West,

Fla.,

Aug.

Reichard, George, must. Feb.

1864

3,

;

1866; veteran.

IS, 1862.

Jacob, George, must. Aug. 30, 1861 ;

Pammer, Edwin, must. June 1862.

27, 1864.

Hilliard,

must, out with company Dec. 25,

;

Kemmel,

Peter, must.

Aug.

30, 1861

1865; veteran.

vet.

Jackson, James A., must. Feb. 16, 1864; disch. on surg.

certif. Sept. 2,

1866.

Remmel, Edwin, must. Nov.

;

1865.

Johnson, John, must. Jan. 11, 1864: died at Fortress Monroe, Ya., July 26, 1864.

Reinhard, Christian, must. Aug. 30, 1861 25, 1866

James, Thomas, must. Aug. 30, 1861 veteran. King, John, must. Feb. 18, 1866; must, out with company Dec.

;

25, 1865;

veteran.

19, 1864;

L.,

must. Sept.

must, out

May

9,

1862

wounded

;

at

Cedar Creek, Va., Oct.

P.,

Knauss, Henry, must. Aug. 30, 1861

must, out Sept.

;

18, 1864, exp. of

term.

Knerr, Levi, must. Aug. 30, 1 861 must, out Sept. 18, 1864, exp. of term. Kramer, Henry, must. Aug. 30, 1861; disch. on surg. certif. March 11, ;

1864.

Oct. 22, 1862

;

;

;

wounds received

1866; must, out with company Dec.

12,

at Pocotaligo, S.

C,

Oct. 22, 1862.

1865.

30, 1861

;

must. Feb. 27, 1866

;

;

;

must, out with company Dec.

26, 1866.

Raubenold,

must. Aug. 23, 1864

J. D.,

;

wounded

by general order May 15, Reinhard, Henry, must. Aug. 30, 1861 disch. Jan. ;

at Winchester, Va.,

disch.

;

1865. 13, 1862, to re-enlist

in regular army.

Reichard, Edwin, must. Aug. 30, 1861; trans, to Vet. Res. Corps March 1,

Labar, Alonzo, must. Jan. 25,1865; must, out witli company Dec. 25,

25,

wounded at Pocotaligo, S. C, must, out with company Dec. 26, 1865 veteran.

S.,

Sept. 19, 1864

King, Howard, miist. Jan. 24, 1865 must, out July 14, 1865. Kein, Phaon, must. Oct. 29, 1862 must, out Oct. 28, 1865, exp. of term. Kern, William, must. Aug. 30, 1861 died at Hilton Head, S. C, Oct. 23,

must, out with company Dec.

;

1865.

Rogers, Samuel

1862, of

must. Aug. 30, 1861

Ruttman, Ernest, must. Aug.

26, 1865.

must, out with company Dec,

26, 1866.

Rich, George, must. Jan

Kramer, Allen

;

veteran.

Rhoads, Allen

;

1864.

Repsher, Joseph, must. Feb. 19,1864; killed at Cedar Creek, Va.,

Oct.

19,1864.

Labar, Leander, must. Feb.

6,

1866

must, out with company Dec. 25,

;

1866.

Rhoads, Franklin, must. Sept. 10,1862; captured at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864 died at Salisbury, N. C, Nov. 15, 1864 burial record, Nov. 22, 1864. ;

Leisenring, Martin, must. Aug. 30, 1801; wounded at Pocotaligo, Oct. 22,1862; must, out with company Dec. 25, 1866; veteran.

S.

C,

Lentz, Josiah E., must. March 23, 1864; must, out with company Dec. 25, 1866.

Leigeu, James

F.,

must. Dec. 29, 1862; must, out with company Deo. 26,

1865.

Lausteren, John D., must. Oct. 29, 1862 term.

must, out Oct. 28, 1866, exp. of

;

must, out with company Dec.

18, 1864;

26, 1866.

Miller, Albert, must. ;

Eeymond, Haldeman, must.

Sept. 4, 1861

;

wounded

at Pocotaligo, S. C,

Oct. 22, 1862.

Shaneberger, George, must. Jan. 19, 1864; must, out with company Dec. 26, 1866. Siselof,

John, must. Feb.

Shafer,

John

E.,

2, 1864 must, out with company Dec. 25, 1865. must. Feb. 16, 1866 must, out with company Dec. 26, ;

;

:

Menning, George, must. Jan.

;

1865.

Lutz, James, must. Nov. 23, 1863 trans, to Co. I, April 16, 1864. Luiz, Samuel, must. Dec. 2, 1863; trans, to Co. I, April 16, 1864. Labold, Charles, must. Aug. 30, 1861; must, out with company Dec. 26, 1866; veteran.

1866

11

1866.

Nunemaker, George, must. Jan. 18,1864 must, out with company Dec. 25,

;

Horn, Juhu, must. Feb. 9, 1864; must, out with company Dec. 25, 1865. Heckworth, Thad., must. Aug. 30, 1861; disch. on surg. certif. July 9,

Hilliard,

May

certif.

veteran.

;

Nixon, John T., must. Jan.

Oct. 22, 1862.

1866.

Hiskey, Franklin, must. Aug. 30, 1861

1865

Martin, Charles A., must. March

Meirknecht, Conrad, enl. Aug.

18, 1861.

211,

Metzgar, Philip, must. Aug. 30, 1861; disch. on surg. 1864.

of term.

Smith, William H., must. Feb.

17, 1865;

must, out with company Dec.

25, 1866.

Smith, Isaac N., must. Feb. 27, 1866

must, out with company Dec.

25,

must, out with company Dec.

26,

1864: must, out with company Dec.

25,

;

1865.

Smith, Barcley, must. Jan. 23, 1864

;

1866.

Aug.

must, out with company Dec. 26,

30, 1861;

veteran.

Smith, Benjamin, must. Feb.

3,

1865.

March

23, 1864;

must, out with company Dec. 25,

Smith, Franklin B., must. Feb. 18, 1864; must, out with company Dec.

Morgan, Barnctt, must. Feb.

26, 1864;

must, out with company Dec. 26,

Smiley, William, must. Aug. 30, 1861

Miller, Dennis, must. 1865.

26, 1865.

186S.

Miller, Henry, must. Jan. 18, 1864; must, out with

company Deo. 25

1865.

Menning, Luther, must. Aug.

30, 1801

;

must, out Sept. 18, 1864, exp.

of term.

regular army.

Sludley, Charles, must,

March

7,

1865; must, out with company Dec.

25, 1805.

Martin, Levi, must. Aug. 30, 1861; must, out with company Sept. 18 1864, exp. of term.

Mentz, Joseph, must. Aug.

must, out with company Doc. 26,

;

1865,

Schreiner, Caspar, must. Aug. 30, 1861; must, out with company Sept, 18, 1864, exp, of term, Schaffer,

Hiram, must. Aug.

30, 1861

;

disch.

on surg.

certif. Sept. 19,

1861. 30, 1861

;

disch.

Nov.

24, 1862, to enlist in

SerfasB,

Aaron, must. Aug.

term.

30, 1861

;

must, out Sept. 18, 1864, exp, of

;

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAK OF THE REBELLION. Seigor, Franklin, must.

Aug.

23, 1864

must, out June

;

must. Aug, 30, 1861

Seigfield, Charles,

James

1, 18Gf).

must, out Sept. 18, 1864, exp. of

;

Kichmond H. Schwab,

Stuber, William, must. Sept. 14, 1861; disch. on surg. certif. Jan. 10,

G

trans, to Co.

;

Scherer, August

Sept. 19, 1861.

;

,

Schwenk,

Chailet),

must. Jan.

1862; died at Baton Kouge, La.,

9,

June

April 15, 1865.

Benjamin

Bush, pro, to corp. Sept, 11, 1864; to sergt. Sept. pro. from corp, to sergt. Jan. 1, 1865. F. Longenbagen, not on muster-out roll.

20, 1864; veteran.

Smith, George, must. Aug. 30, 1861

Key

died at

;

West,

Fla.,

June

New

Orleans, La., Sept,

2,

Josiah H, Walk, wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864; pro. to corp. Jan.

Thomas, must. June 9,1864; Aug.

20, 1861

wounded

;

at Pocotaligo, S.

C

,

George Martin Robert Walter

Oct.

22, 1862.

Steffen, David, must. Feb. 26, 1864

;

must, out Jan.

27, 1866.

Trexler, Allen W., must. Feb. 4, 1864; must, out with

company Dec.

1865.

H. Longenhagen, pro.

O'Brien, pro. to corp, April 25, 1865.

Cunningham,

pro. to corp.

Aug.

30, 1861

;

W. H. Van Dyke, must, into

of term.

Billard, Martin, must. Feb. 9, 1864; must, out

with company Dec.

15,

1863

;

20, 1865

must, out with company Dec. 25,

David Towbler, musician, must, out Sept. 18, 1864, Simon P. Keifer, musician, must, into service Sept. by General Order June 1, 1805.

;

must. Aug. 30, 1861

must, out Sept.

;

June

2,

;

disch,

April 26, 1865.

James

June

1,

18, 1864,

;

disch.

Ritter, died at Fort Jefferson, Fla., Oct. 23, 1863.

10, 1862;

must, out

exp. Privates.

of term.

Wieand, Harrison, must. Aug.

30, 1861

Peter Andrews, must, into service Feb. 28, 1865.

must, out Sept. 18, 1864, exp.

;

David Andrews, must, out

of term. ;

14th Regt, Pa. Cav., 14th Regt. Pa. Cav.,

10, 1861

D

trans, to Co.

;

18, 1864;

27,

March

Dec. 15, 1863

Philip Bobner, must, into service Fob. 8, 1864.

into service Fub.

company Dec.

Regt. Pa. Cav,

25,

March

30, 1861

;

must, out Sept.

Abraham Bander, must, out

18, 1864, exp. of

Godfrey Betz, died at

term.

Young, Joseph, must, Aug. 30, 1861 regular army. Young, Daniel, must. Feb. 27, 1864;

New

;

trans,

from 14th

certif.

April 13, 1863.

Sept. 18, 1864,

Orleans

May

10, 1864.

Faustin Boyer, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

disch. Jan. 13, 1862, to re-enl. in

;

25, 1865

18, 1865.

Stephen Beers, disch. on surg.

1865.

Young, Franklin, must. Aug.

1865.

1864.

9,

William H. Barnhart, must, into service Feb. 1864; must, out with

3,

9,

1864; trans, from Co. 0, 18, 1864; must, out Sept, 6, 1865, 7,

Henry Buss. Hiram Beidelman, must,

veteran. Xaiider, Dallas, must. Feb.

1862; trans, from Co. C,

must, out Dec.

10, 1863; vet-

eran.

Wieand, Benjamin, must. Sept.

March

George Armsberg, must, into service Sept.

term.

Wolf, Abraham, must. Aug. 30, 1861; trans, to Co. I Oct.

Sept. 18, 1864.

Daniel A. Akroth, must, into service Oct,

Wieand, John, must. Aug. 30, 1861 wounded, with loss of leg, at Pocotaligo, S. C; disch. on surg. certif. Dec. 3, 1862. Wieand, William, must. Sept. 14, 1861; must out Sept, 18, 1864, exp. of

March

certif.

service Sept. 10, 1862; must, out

must, out with company Dec. 25,

1865. J.,

pro. to corp.

Franklin Arnold, wounded at Summit Point, Va., March 28, 1865 on aurg. certif. July 15, 1865,

1865.

Wilhelm, Nelson, must. Feb.

;

1865.

26, 1865.

25, 1865.

Wagner, Charles, must. Dec.

1863

into service Dec. 4, 1863; pro, to corp. April 25,

on surg, certif. April 3, 1863. Joseph H. Schwab, disch. on surg.

1864; buried in National Cemetery, Winchester, lot 10; veteran, lingerer. Christian, must. Aug. 30, 1861 ; must, out Sept, 18, 1864, exp.

May

4,

James E. Patterson, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Augustus F, Eberhardt, wounded at Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 1862

killed at Cedar Creek, Va.,Oct. 19,

Billard, Oliver, must. Feb. 20, 1864; must, out

1865.

2,

1865.

18, 1864, exp. of

term. Tice, James, must.

June

Moyer, must, into service Dec.

James M. Bush, must, must, out Sept.

;

2, 1865.

to corp. April 2, 1865.

1865.

25, 1865.

Trexler, Charles, must. Sept. 19, 1S61

Weiss, William

1,

Spencer Tettermer, pro. to corp. April

killed at Winchester, Va., Sept.

19,1864. Savity, Charles, must.

18, 1864.

Preston

1864.

Van Van

F.

M. Rohn,

6,

1862.

Smith, Joseph, must. Dec. 28, 1863; died at

;

;

;

killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19,

;

pro. to corp. Sept. 18, 1864; to sergt. Jan. 1, 1865.

;

C, must. Nov. 24, 1863 died at Baltimore, Md., Oct. 28, wounds received at Cedar Creek, Va Oct, 19, 1864; veteran.

Schimpf, John, must, Aug. 30, 1861 1864; veteran.

1,

J. Lilley, pro.

;

1863.

Stuber, Francis, must. Aug. 30, 1861

Jan.

to sergt, Sept. 18, 1864; to Ist sergt,

from corp. to sergt, April 21, 1865. John L, Jones, wounded and prisoner at Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 1864 exchanged Sept. 24, 1864 pro. to corp. Sept. 18, 1864 to sergt. June 2, 1865, John W. Heberling, pro. to sergt. Aug. 30, 1861 mubt. out Sept. 18, 1864. Albert H. McHoe, pro. to seigt. Aug. 30, 1861 must, out Sept 18, 1864. William H. Glace, pro. to sergt. Aug. 30, 1861; must, out Sept. 18,1864. James W. Fuller, Jr., pro. to 1st lieut. and adjt. Oct. 30,1861. William H. Fink, pro. to sergt, Sept. 18, 1864; died at Baltimore, Md., Joseph

disch. Jan. 13, 1862, to re-enl. in

;

regular army.

StefTen,

from corp.

186&.

term. Springer, James, must. Aug. 30, 1861

1864,

Tait, pro,

89

Alfred Biege, must into service Sept. 28, 1864

General Order June

trans, to 48th Co. Vet. Res. Corps

E. Bartholemew, must, in Sept, 18, 1861

14, 1865.

;

substitute

;

must, out by

1, 1865,

died at Fort Taylor, Fla., April

;

3, 1862.

Company Mustered in Aug.

30, 1861,

F.i

P.

mustered out Dec.

25, 1865,

S.

'

the Shenandoah campaign

Edwin

Gilbert, pro.

from

George W. Fuller, pro.

June

;

must, out Sept.

18, 1864.

ls6 sergt. to capt. Jan. 1, 1865.

to 1st lieut.

Aug. 30,1861; disch. on surg.

William Clader.

John Curren, must, in Feb. 8, 1864. John C.Collins, must, in March 15, 1864; Cav. March 18, 1865. William Christ, must, in Sept, 10, 1862 Crotto, must, in Sept. 8, 1864

John H.

trans,

from 14th Regt. Pa.

;

must, out June

;

trans,

Henry H. Bush, pro. March 31, 1862.

to

Augustus Eagle,

from

from

2d

Ist sergt. to 1st lieut. Sept. 1, 1864.

lieut.

Aug.

30, 1861

;

died at Fort Taylor, Fla,,

1865.

Frederick Coulter, must, in Feb, 25, 1865.

Michael Deibert, must, in Sept. eral Order

sergt, to

2d

lieut.

April

1,

1862; res. Sept. 11,

June

1,

28, 1864

;

substitute; must, out by Gen-

1865.

Samuel Dunkel, must, in Jan.

9,

1862

;

trans, to Vet. Res, Corps

1864.

1864.

F. Lambert, pro. to 2d lieut. Jan.

1, 1865,

William

Eltfich,

must, in Jan. 26, 1863.

Joseph Ebertz, must, in Feb.

23, 1864.

Frederick Engle, disch. on surg. 1

1,

from 14th Regt. Pa. Cav.

Feb. 25, 1865; must, out July 22, 1865. pro.

Thomas

certif,

22, 1864,

W. H. Bartholemow,

pro.

21, 1863.

23, 1864.

Charles Buss.

wise mentioned.

Hart, pro. to capt. Aug. 30, 1861 ; acted as maj. by brevet during the latter part of the Bed Kiver expedition and the beginning of

Henry

Bartholomew, must, in Dec.

Ernest Bender, must, in Feb.

except as other-

This company was from Catasauqua.

Augustus Engle, must, out

certif.

March

Sept. 18, 1864.

14, 1862.

March,

HISTOKY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

90 William Eisenhart,

trani

Peter Moser, wounded at Pocotaligo,

unknown.

to Vet. Res. Corps, date

.

Henry Falk.

certif.

Martin 0. Fry, must, in March 31, 1864. George W. Frome, must, in Feb. 23, 1866. Frederick Fisher, disch. on surg. certif. July Orlando Fullei-, must, out Sept. 18, 1SG4. William II. Fried, disch. on surg. certif. Sept.

David A. Fry, must,

March

in

7,

1865

7,

S.

C, Aug.

16,

18, 1864,

Thomas

B, Glick, must, in Sept. 18, 1864 must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Presto Gettes, must, in Oct. 6, 1862 must, out Oct. 4, 1864.

May May

;

Oct. 19, 1864

;

in Fell. 19, 1864

8,

9.

killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct.

;

1864; died at Winchester, Va., Jan. 17,

1865; buried in National Cemetery, lot 18. Levi H. Getter, must, in Dec. 7, 1863.

William F. Hallenbach. William H. Heberling, must, Joseph Hesler, must,

Orleans, La.,

May

1,

Thomas

H Oct. 31, 1864.

;

must, out Nov. George Kerchner, absent, sick, at muster out. George Klein, di.sch, on surg, certif. April 16, 1864. y Reuben H. Keim, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. ^William Kuntz, must, out Sept. 18, 1864, ;

by General Order

Emory

;

;

on surg.

certif. Oct. 14, 1866.

pro. to hosp. steward

Aug

25

'

1861.

trans,

from 169th Regt.

P. V.

1,

1865.

Peter Shireman, must, in Sept. 10, 1862 : must, out June 1, 18C6, Franklin Siegfried, must, in Feb. 26, 1864. Jacob Shell, must, in Feb. 3, 1864 died at Philadelphia March 21, ;

James Troxell. James A. Trexler, must, out

1864.

Sept. 18, 1864.

Hiram Werkheiser, must, in March 7, 1864. Gilbert Whiteman, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. surg. certif. Jan. 18, 1862. Sept. 18, 1864.

in Nov. 23, 1862; trans,

fiom 14th Regt. Pa. on surg certif June 25, 1865. Adam Wuchler, must, in Feb. 27, 1864; must, out by General Order July -li, 1865. ;

disch.

John Weiss, died

Harrison Lilly, killed at Summit Point, Va., March National Cemetery, Winchester, lot 26. James Lilly, must, in Jan. 28, 1864.

Tilghman Lehr, must, in March

;

A. Smith, disch. on surg. ceitif. Dec. 14, 1862.

Junel, 1865. James M. White, must, Cav. March 12, 1866

disch.

Lindster, must, in Aug. 24, 1861

1864

Franklin D. Wilson, must, in Sept. 10,1861; disch. by General Order

Levan, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. J. Laudenslagor, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. John Lucky, must, out Sept. IB, 1864. 1863

12,

29, 1865.

Conrad Warneck, disch. on John P. Weaver, must, out

1863.

S.

7,

5, 1862.

;

1865.

Alfred Lynn, must, iu Dec,

Dec. 28, 1864.

1862; must, out by General Order

Siegfried, must, in Feb, 21, 1865.

June

Jefferson Kepner, must, in Jan. 27, 1864; must, out Aug. 11, 1866.

Peter

certif.

18, 1864.

at Sabine Cross-Koade

Llewellyn J. Sleppy, must, in Sept. 18, 1861 must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Nicholas Smith, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. John G. Snyder, must, in Sept. 10, 1862; must, out by General Order

14, 1866.

Nicholas Kuhn, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Owen Kern, must, in Sept. 18, 1861; must, out Sept. 18, 1864. George King, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Charles King, must, iji Sept. 1, 1862; must, out by General Order June

K. Longenhagen, must, in Dec. 19, John Laub, must, in March 7, 1865.

wounded

John Schreck, disch. on surg. certif. April 13,1863. Gotlieb Schrum, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Robert M. Sheats, must. outSept. 18, 1864.

19, 1864.

J.

1,

;

26,

1865; buried in

28, 1864.

Franklin Laubach, must, in April 26, 1864. Lawrence McBride. William H. Moll, wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. Joseph Mersch, must, in Feb. 28, 1864.

at Camp Tyler, Tex , July 16, 1864, of wounds ceived at Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 1864. John Whorely, died at New Orleans, La., July 16, 1864. Ambrose Weener, must, in Feb. 26, 1864.

re-

Levi Warner, must, in Feb. 23, 1864. George Youss, must, iu Dec. 16, 1863.

Company

19, 1864.

Sidney

J. Miller, must, in Jan. 27, 1866; must, out Nov. 14, 1865. Uriah Myers, must, iu Feb. 16, 1866. W. H. Moyer (2d), must, in Sept. 18, 1861 disch. on surg. certif March ;

4, 1862.

V. Minsenberger, disch, on surg, certif. April 2, 1862. Philip McCue, must, in April 7, 1863 disch. on surg. certif July

G.

Mustered in Sept. 18,1861; mustered out Dec. otherwise mentioned.

Fianklin Mersch, must, iu Feb. 18, 1864. George Moll, must, in Dec. 10, 1863.

;

Oct.

Samuel Smith, disch. on surg. certif. April 12, 1862. John G. Seider, disch. on surg. certif. April 1?, 1862. Oct. 4, 1865.

Isaac C. Jacoby.

1,

William Reiser, must, in Dec. 16, 1863. Edward Kensimer, must, in Feb. 23, 1865. Thomas B. Rhoads, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Francis Roth, must, in Sept. 18, 1861 must, out Sept,

tucian Schroeder, must, in Feb.

;

1863

25 '

Francis Shafer, must, in Feb. 23,1865. Henry Soltzman, must, in March 8, 1865.

1865.

William Jordan, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Abraham Jassum, must, in Oct. 5, 1862 must, out Edward Jassum, must, in Oct. 5, 1862 trans, to Co.

4,

May

;

May

William H, Jackson, died Sept,

certif.

John O'Brien, must, in Aug. 31, 1861 died at Hilton Head, S. C. 26, 1862, of wounds received jit Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 1862.

Reuben

1864.

in Feb. 23, 1864.

Philip King, must, in Dec.

'

died at Florence, S. C, Jan. 22, 1865. Peter Moser, must, in Dec. 19, 1863 ; absent, sick, at muster out,

Matthias Smith. David Shafer, must, in Dec. 18, 1863. Joseph Savitz, must, in March 31, 1864. Samuel Snyder, must. In Feb. 23, 1864.

Isaac Jacoby.

James Johnson, must,

•

;

Matthias Snyder.

;

William A. Houser. 7,

V

captured died at Salisbury

;

June 1, 1865. Aaron Roeder, trans, to Co. B, Ist U. S. Artillery, Dec. Edward Remely, must, in Jan. 27, 1866.

;

March

P,

;

Charles Rohrbacher, must, in Sept.

;

in

1862

1,

;

must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Henry Hummel, must, in Sept. 18, 1861 must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Osborn Houser, must, in Sept. 18, 1861 must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Joseph Hunsicker, trans, to Co, B, 1st U, S, Art,, Dec. 6, 1862. William Herman, died at Natchez, Miss., July 23, 1864.

Edwin Haldenian, must,

on sure

28, 1865.

25, 1865.

Eeinhart, must, in Dec. 21, 1863 La., April 9, 1864; disch. on surg.

in Feb. 27, 1864.

New

disch.

1865; trans, from 159th Regt.

2,

Griff,

in Feb. 11,1864.

George W. Hatter, must, in Feb, 8, 1864, Joseph Heckman, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. John F. Haldeinan, must, in Sept, 18, 1861

L. Hultzheiser, died at

certif.

must, out Oct.

;

;

19, 1864.

Joseph Gross, must, in Feb.

;

1865.

Cedar Creek, Va,,

in Sept. 10, 1862; killed at

buried in National Cemetery, Winchester, lot

Rainey Grader, must,

on surg,

N.C, Dec. 11, 1864. W. H. Moyer (1st), captured

;

Addison R. Geho, must,

Oct. 22, 1862

Albert Newhart, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. William Offhouse, must, out Sept 18, 1864. Michael O'Brien, must, in Jan. 26, 1864 disch. on surg.

in Dec. 19, 1863.

Joseph Geiger, must, out Sept,

C,

Daniel Newhart.

Fritz, must, in Feb. 10, 1864.

John Guth, must,

Joel Michael, must, in

Charles H. Michael, must, in Sept.

1865.

Amandus

Oct. 29, 1862

disch.

died at Charleston,

;

John Markoffer, must, in 1864.

26, 1861.

S.

Feb. 24, 1863.

7, 1864.

26, 1865, except whers

Charles Mickley, pro. to capt. Sept. 18, 1861 ; killed at Pocotaligo, Oct. 22, 1862 buried in Union Cemetery, Alleutown.

S.

C,

;

John

J. Goebel, pro. to 1st lieut. Sept. 18, 1861

com. maj. Oct.

IS,

;

to capt.

Jnne

18, 1863;

1864; not mustered; died at Winchester, Va., October, 1864, of wounds received at Cedar Creek Oct. 19, 1864. Thomas B. Leisenring, pro. from sergt. to lat sergt. Sept. 19, 1864; to capt. Jan. 1, 1865.

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. G.

W.

Huntzbei-ger, pro. from let sergt. to 2d lieut. Jan. 13, 1862

June

;

to 1st

Henry Doll, must in Dec. 17,1863. William L, Eslibach, must, in Jan.

1866.

Charles Eckert, must, in Dec. 29, 1863

must, out Nov. 30, 1864. William H, Steckel, pro. to sergt. Nov. 1, 1864 to Ist

lieut.

Charles A. Henry, pro. to 2d lieut. Sept. 18,1861

Deo. 31, 1861.

liant.

1863

18,

;

;

;

res.

Jan.

1,

91

21, 1864.

must, out by General Order Sept.

;

25, 1865.

lieut.

Hackman, pro. from sergt. to 1st sergt. March 2, 1862 to 2d June 18, 1863; commanding capt. Nov. 30, 1864; not must-

Milton A. Engleman, must, in Sept. 17, 1862; must, out by General Order June 1,1865.

ered

must, out Nov.

William Bberhart, died at Fort Jefferson, FU.,

Charles A.

;

;

James W. Grader, 2d

March

lieut.

Henry

1864.

5,

5,

1862

to sergt.

May

1,

1863

;

to

Francis Everett, must, in Sept. 15, 1862. Mantes Eisenhart, must, in Feb. 6, 1864.

5,

1862; to sergt.

May

1,

1863

;

to

Peter G. Fegeley, must, in Feb.

pro. to corp. April

;

20, 1865.

T. Dennis, pro. to corp. April

2d lieut. March 20, 1866. D. K. Diefenderfer, pro. from corp. to sergt. April

May

1,

1863

;

must, out Sept.

1864; to sergt. Feb.

1,

26,

John W. sergt.

May

1,

1,

pro. to corp.

Nov.

1,

pro. to Corp., to sergt. April

;

to corp. Jan. 1, 1865; to

1865.

in Sept. 24, 1861

4, 1862.

trans, to Vet. Res. Corps

;

Nov.

1,

1866.

Franklin T. Good, must, in Sept. ment Aug. 13, 1864.

8,

Preston B. Good, must, out Sept.

18, 1864.

1862

;

disch.

Gupitill, must, in Jan. 30, 1866

by order of

War

Depart-

disch. on surg. certif. Nov.

;

15, 1866.

Benjamin F. Swartz, must, iu Dec.

31, 1863

.pro. to corp.

;

Nov.

1, 1864.

Frederick Wilt, must, in Dec.

2,

1863

;

pro. to corp. Feb. 1, 1865.

John Kneller, must, iu Dec. 19, 1863 pro. to Corp. Feb. 1, 1865. Constant Losch, must in Dec. 17, 1863; pro. to corp. May 14, 1S64. ;

Nelson Coffin, pro. to corp. Jan. 1, 1864; must, out Sept. 18, 1864. William Hansler, pro. to corp. Dec. 27, 1862 must, out Sept. 18, 1864. E. M. Fnmwald, pro. to Corp. Jan. 19, 1863 must, out Sept. 18, 1864. ;

;

May

1,

1863

;

Oct. 31, 1861; disch. on surg. certif. April 16, 1864.

must, out by General Order 10, 1862 June 9, 1866. Henry C. Graceley, trans, to Vet. Res. Corps March 13, 1864. William Hertz. John J. Harte, must, in Feb, 25, 1864 absent at muster out.

must, out Sept.

18, 1864.

;

;

Ed. H. Hunsberger, must, in Jan.

Max

J.

1,

Hallmeyer, disch. on surg.

1862.

certif. Oct. 28, 1863.

18, 1864; died at

Jonathan Heller, must, out Sept.

to Corp. Jan. 1, 1862; must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

Allen Wolf, pro. to corp.

John Great, must, iu

William Geisinger, must, in Sept.

pro. to corp. Jan. 1, 1865.

Solomon Becker,. pro.

absent, sick, at muster out.

;

4, 1864.

William H.

at Natchez, Miss., July 9, 1864.

Harrison Guth, corp.

George Hepler,

15, 1865

Henry Gelter, absent, sick, at muster out. James Gaumer, must, in Sept. 11, 1862; must, out by General Order June

in Jan. 8, 1862

1865; must, out June

William Frick, must, in Feb.

William G. Frame, must, ;

;

James Grader, died

1864.

2,

Joseph Fisher, disch. on surg. certif. March Ferdinand Fisher, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

Sept. 18, 1864.

must, out Jan. 8, 1866. Glick, must, in Sept. 10, 1862; pro.

1864

1862; to Ist sergt.

1,

1866.

John G. Helfrich, must, out Martin H. Hackman, must,

1863.

9,

Malrai Foust, must, in Jan. 16, 1865.

18, 1864.

Jacob Warman, pro. to sergt. Jan. 1, 1866. John Pratt, pro. from corp. to sergt. Feb. 5, 1865. Daniel V. Mertz, must, into service Dec. 15, 1863

May

New

Orleans June

7,

1864.

Solomon Wieder, must, iu Sept. 17, 1862 must, out by General Order June 1, 1865. James Gnidner, musician. William N. Smith, musician, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. ;

George T. Henry, must, out Sept.

18, 1864.

Cornelius Heist, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. in Feb. 2, 1865; must, out by General Order

Henry Henn, must,

May

15, 1865.

Solomon Hillegass, must, in Sept. 8, 1862 must, out by General Order June 1, 1865. Levinus Hillegass, must, in Sept. 10, 1862 must, out by General Order June 1, 1865. ;

Privates.

Daniel Ansbach, disch. on surg. certif. March 4, 1862. Bicbard Arnbrunn, must, in Sept. 17, 1862 must, out by General Order ;

June

1,

1866.

Peter H. Bernd.

William Buskirk, must, in Feb. 15, 1864. Jacob Blank. Benjamin Bortz, must, n Dec. 18, 18B3 must, out by General Order July ;

i

6,

;

Franklin Hoffert, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Henry J. Horobeck, pro. to com. sergt. April 15, 1864. John Hiel, died at Hilton Head, S. 0., Nov. 4, 1862, of wounds received at Pocotaligo, S.

C,

Philip Hower, died at

Oct. 22,1862.

New

Orleans, La., April 21, 1864. 16, 1865; died at Charleston, S. 0., Oct. 10,

Jacob Hay, must, in Feb.

1865.

1866.

Jeremiah Bernhard, must, in Dec. 17, 1863. John Brensinger, must, in Feb. 22, 1864.

John

Jacob Bollinger, must, in Feb.

Frederick L. Jacobs, must, in Aug. 14, 1861

26, 1864.

John Barton, must, in Feb. 25, 1865; absent, sick, at muster out. Hiram Brobst, disch. on surg. certif, Jan. 18, 1862. Joseph Barber, disch. on surg. certif. July 28, 1864. David Buxkirk, must, in Feb. 26, 1864 must, out by General Order May ;

25, 1865.

Jacob H. Bowman, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Jacob Beidelman, died at Natchez, Miss., July 3, 1864. John Becher, killed at Cedar Creek, Ya., Oct. 19, 1864. in

March

23, 1866

;

not on muster-out

roll.

in

March

5,

;

April 17, 1864.

Lewis Keiper, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. James H. Knerr, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. George Knauss, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. William U.Kramer, must, in Sept. 10,1862; must, out by General Order

William Kennedy, must, in Feb.

1865.

Lewis Dennis, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Timothy Donahue, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Alpheus Deck, must, in Dec. 19, 1863; died at

J. Knappenberger, John Kuntz, killed

Sept. 16, 1862

23, 1864; died at

Feb. 10,

Philadelphia

May

26,

;

killed at Pocotaligo, S. G., Oct. 22, 1862^ at Pocotaligo, S.

Isaac Kass, must, in Feb.

2,

Emanuel

New

Orleans, La.,

June

killed at Pocotaligo, S. G., Oct.

in April 19, 1865; trans, from 14th

Regiment Pa.

Oct. 22, 1862.

,

15, 1863.

LoeflQer, must, in Dec. 15, 1863.

William Leiby, must, in Sept.

Juno 1, 1865. Benjamin G. Luras, must,

28, 1862

April 26, 1866.

George Lehr.

26,

must, out by General Order

;

in Oct. 23, 1862

George W. Lightfoot, must, in Feb.

22, 1862.

C,

1865.

D. Leibensperger, must, in Dec.

1864.

Cav. April 19, 1865.

certif.

1866.

Jacob Diehl, must, in Feb. 15, 1864. Timothy Deterline, must, in Jan, 16, 1865.

Henry Daisor, must,

1866.

Daniel T. Keiser, must, in Jan. 26, 1864. William Keck, must, in Jan. 29, 1864 absent, sick, at muster out. Allen P. Kemmerer, must, in Sept. 10, 1862; disch. by Special Order

;

John Curran.

Benjamin Diehl, must, in

2,

5, 1864.

must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

;

1865.

Charles Garter, must, in Feb. 20, 1866.

3,

Orleans, La., Aug.

June 1, 1866. John Kremmill, disch. on surg. certif. Oct. 28, 1863. Benjamin S. Koone,must. in Feb. 2,1865 disch. on surg.

Alfred Boynton, must, in Feb. 18, 1866.

Edwin K. Grader. Thomas K. Grader, must,

New

Charles Kanffman, must, in Feb.

William L. Burger, must, in Feb. 3, 1864. George P. Butz, must, in Feb. 29, 1864.

Adam Backman, must,

C. Helfrich, died at

;

must, out Oct. 28, 1865.

1864

;

trans, to Vet. Res. Corps

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

92

Julius Lasker, killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864; buried in National Cemetery, Winchester, lot 10.

John Lynn, must,

Engelbert Zanger,

in Sept. 17, 1862.

Wellington Martin, must, in Dec.

Hiram Mertz, must, C.

7,

A. G.

1864; died at Beaufort,

1,

in Mil-

S.

C,

Sept.

Henry G.

Junel,186&. William 0. Reinamitb, must, Jonas Scherei-.

May

;

C, July 23,1865.

Wm,

H, Meyers, wounded at Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 1864; at Cedar pro. from corp. to sergt, Sept. 19, 1864; to com. 2d lieut. July 25, 1865 not musIst sergt. May 27, 1865 Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864

;

;

;

re-

Rice.

tered.

Edwin Keiser, sergt. Edwin Kemp, pro. from corp. to sergt, Sept. 19, 1864. Thomas N. Burke, pro. to corp. Sept. 19, 1864; to sergt. July

Owen Kuder, July

11,

must, in Oct.

1865

;

1

6,

1862

pro. to corp.

;

11, 1865.

June 2, 1865

to sergt.

:

must, out Oct. 15, 1865.

Charles Nolf, sergt.

;

Key West,

killed accidentally at

June

Fla.,

9,

1862. pro. to cori). July 2, 1865. J. Kerr, must, in July 1, 1863 Stephen Hettinger, must, in March 15, 1864 pro. to corp. June 2, 1865. Israel F. Hartzell, must, in March 15, 1864; pro. to corp. June 2, 1865. Joseph Hettinger, pro. to corp. July 11, 1865, Charles H. Dankle, must, in Jan. 26, 1865 pro. to corp. July 11, 1865. ;

;

;

March

Jefferson Kunkle, must, iu

Alrin

4, 1864.

J. Hartzell,

1864

Charles Stem, must, in Feb. 15, 1865.

March

Henry

4, 1862.

T.

April 18, 1864.

Stabler, must, in Sept. 17, 1862; must, out

;

must, in Nov.

1864

31,

by General Order

1865.

William Sieger, must in Oct. 22, 1862 must, out Oct. 28, 1865. Walter C. Smith, must, in Oct. 31, 1861 trans, to U. S. Signal Corps Feb. ;

;

W.

pro. to corp. July 11, 1865.

;

23, 1863; trans,

from

Co.

B

April

16,

pro. to corp. July 11, 1865.

Miller, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

D. H. Nunemacher, pro. to corp. Jan,

Francis Smetzer, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. certif.

to 1st lieut.

;

Christian Smith, must, in Dec. 15, 1863.

Jacob Stangala, disch. on surg.

19, 1864; to Ist

;

at Pineville, S.

W. H. Strominger.

certif.

1864; to

1,

must, out Sept. 18,1864. pro. to 2d lieut. Aug. 30, 1861 H. Haltiman, wounded at Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 1864; pro. from sergt. to Ist sergt. Jan. 1, 1865 to 2d lieut. May 27, 1865 died

Thomas

on surg.

Aug.

to capt.

;

22, 1865.

Wm.

in Oct. 31, 1861. J.

30, 1861; res. Feb. 22, 1864.

James Stuber,

Ambrose L. Shultz, must, in Feb. 29, 1864. Reuben L. Seip, must, in Dec. 15, 1863.

Sr., disch.

Aug.

;

Francis Stuber.

Daniel Scheetz, must, in Jan.

pro. to capt.

30, 1865,

must, out by General Order

;

May

25, 1865, unless where

;

Theodore Mink, pro. from Ist sergt. to 2d lieut. Sept. lieut. Nov. 3, 1864; to capt. May 22, 1865. Allen Lawall, pro. from sergt. to 2d lieut. Jan. 1, 1865

Jonathan W. Eeber, must, in Dec. 29, 1863. George Reber, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Israel Reinhard, must, in Sept. 10,1862

Keck Coleman,

maj.

Moses Peter, must, in Dec. 19,1863. Francis Pfeifer.

I.

mustered out Dec. otherwise mentioned.

30, 1861

Levi Stuber, pro. to 1st lieut. Aug. 30, 1861

Barney Montague, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Gideon Moyer, must, in Sept. 11,1862. John R. Moody, must, iu Jan. 19, 1865. William Mercer, must, in April 28, 1865. Daniel Mead, must, in Feb. 25, 1865, Benjamin F. Neur, must, in Nov. 23,1863. James Noddins, must, in Feb. 22, 1864; absent at muster out. Franklin Oland, died at Hilton Head, S. C.,Oct. 30, 1862, of wounds ceived at Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 1862. Aaron Peter. Condy O'Donnell.

1,

March

in

Company Mustered in Aug.

William H. Mertz, must, in Feb. 2, 1865. William Martin, must, in Jan. 24, 1865. John Meisenheimer, diach. on surg. certif. March 4, 1862. Henry Meyer, disch. on surg. certif. Feb. 21, 1863. Edmund Miller, disch. on surg. certif. Nov. 9, 1862. Orlando Miller, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Franklin Moyer, trans, to Ist U. S. Art. Nov. 28, 1862.

Erwin S. June

buried

;

out Sept. 18, 1864.

1863.

in Dec. 15, 1863.

Mertz, must, in Dec. 29, 1863.

John Schimpf,

24, 1861

10, 1862.

Miller.

Franklin

must

Henry Zeppenfelt, must,

Charles Moyer, absent, without leave, at muster out.

Nathan

William Young, died at Washington, D. C, Nov. itary Asylum Cemetery.

1,

1862

must, out Sept.

;

18, 1864.

Fitzinger, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

John W. H. Diehl,

pro. to corp-

May

17, 1863;

Francis Deifer, pro. to corp. Nov. 29. 1862

must, out Sept.

must, out Sept.

;

18, 1864.

18, 1864.

Joseph Kramer, must, in Sept. 10, 1862; pro. to corp. April 21, 1865; must, out by General Order June 1, 1865. Allen Knauss, pro. to corp. Sept. 19, 1864 wounded at Cedar Creek, Ta., ;

29. 1864,

Irvin Scheiror, must, in Oct.

1,

1862; died at Fort Jefferson, Fla.,

May

18, 1863.

Edmund

G. SchoU, died at

Key West,

Fla.,

May

New Orleans, La., June 1, 1864. New Orleans, La., May 30, 1864. died at New Orleans, La., May 14, 1864.

Carl Shorp.

W. H. Trumbower,

pro. to corp.

May 1,1862; killed

Michael Fitzglbbons, pro. to corp. April 21, 1865. Tilghman H. Desh,pro. to corp. April 21, 1865. Benjamin Huntzberger, must, in Jan. 14, 1864; pro.

to corp. April 21,

must, in Feb.

22, 1865.

1863

;

disch. on surg. certif.

March

Wippolett Benkhart, musician, must, in Sept. 10, 1862; trans, Res. Corps May 1, 1865.

;

Frank Allenspach, must,

in

March

George Acher. William Burger. 9,

1864.

Yartin, died at Fort Jefferson, Fla., Jan. 24, 1864.

John Bush, must,

24, 1865

absent, sick, at muster out.

;

T^ieodore Anderson, in Jan. 5, 1864.

William Bayne, must, in Feb. 15, 1865. John BuUard, must, in April ^, 1864 trans, from Co. Theodore Baker, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. William Baker, must, in Oct. 2, 1862 must, out Oct,

Frederick H. Walter.

;

Simon D. Wolf, must,

in

Edward Wieand, must,

March

21, 1864.

in Feb. 2, 1865.

;

Frederick Weisbach, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. George Wooten, must, in Nov, 28, 1863 must, out Sept. 9, 1865. John E. Webster, must, in Sept. 24, 1861 died at Baton Rouge, La., ;

;

June 24, 1864. Reuben Wctzell, died at Georgetown, D. C, Nov, Military Asylum Cemetery. Jeremiah Westcott, must,

17, 1861;

buried in

David Welder, must, in Sept. 17, 1862. George Xander, must, in Oct. 31, 1861 in

March

1,

;

Bondenschlager, disch. on surg. certif. Oct. William Baumeister, trans, to Vet. Res. Corps

J.

D

Oct, 23, 1864.

1, 1865.

29, 1862.

May

John Bartholomew, killed at Cedar Creek, Va., John Burns, must, in March 7, 1S65.

12, 1864.

Oct. 19, 1864,

William Barre.

James B.

Colo, disch. on surg. certif. Nov. 15, 1862. Augustus Colvine, must, iu Feb. 15,1865; trans,

in Jan. 30, 1865.

Peter Weller, must, in March 10, 1805.

Joseph Young, must,

to Tet.

Privates.

31. 1865.

Nathan Troxell, disch. on surg. certif. April 18, 1864. John A. Ulig, disch. on surg. certif. Aug. 12, 1862. Augustus TJpman, must, in Jan. 30, 1865. Fred. Vaughn, must, in Feb. 24, 1864 trans, to Co. Dec. J.

;

Julius Benkhart, musician.

2, 1864.

30,

24, 1861

1865.

Florence Sly.

Lewis Teichman, must, in Miirch Luther M. Toomey, must, iu Nov.

certif. Sept. 7, 1865.

at Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 18G4.

died at

Jeremiah Strahley,

on surg.

William Track, must, in Sept.

18, 1862.

Christian Schla, died at

Henry Smith,

Oct. 19, 18fi4; disch.

to Co.

C March

1865.

must, out Sept, 18, 1864,

1864; must, out

May

17, 1865,

John Clemons. William H, Dreisbach, must,

Edwin Dreisbach, wounded

in Oct. 2, 1802

at Pocotaligo,

;

S.

must, out Aug.

C,

Oct. 22, 1862.

1, 1865.

20,

;

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAK OF THE REBELLION.

93

Drawbaugh, must, in July 1, 1862. John Dias, must, in Jan. 25, 1865. Frederick Drester, disch. on BUrg. certif. Dec. 22, 1862. Samuel Dillingham, must, in Nov. 18, 1862 trans, from Co. H, Uth Eegt. Pa. Cav. disch. on surg. certif. April 11, 1865. L. Druckenmiller, killed at Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 1862.

Alfred C. Pretz, must, in Sept, 10, 1862; trans, to 2d Fla. Cav. March

Conrad Dietrich.

William Kadelino, must, in Feb.

T. T.

31, 1864.

Cornelius Rowan, must, in Nov. 24, 1863.

Joseph Rockell. George Rhoads. William Reed, must, in March 20, 1865. James C. Robertson, disch. by order of War Department Jan.

;

;

Peter Dopstadt, must, in March

March

S.

C,

Oct. 25, 1865.

7, 1865.

Enos Eckhart, must, in Jan. 30, 1865. William Ellis, died at Beanfort, S. O., Aug. Walter P. Eetzer. Joseph Freeman, must, in March 10, 1865. Fi'aDcis Farrell, must, in

27, 1862.

1864; died at Charleston,

l!i,

Marcus Roth, must, S. M, Rauvenbach.

1862.

2,

in Feb. 13, 1865,

Milton H. Stephens. Levi Stein.

William Swartz.

Reuben Snyder, must,

Jacob Seber, must, in Dec. 24, 1863. David Shaffer, disch. on surg, certif. Oct. 22, 1862. Henry D. Spinner, disch. on surg. certif, July 27, 1863. Henry C, Snaveley, must, in Jan. 16, 1862 must, out Jan. 17, 1865. Frederick Scarbecker, must, in Nov. 23, 1862 trans, from Co, H, 14th

10, 1865.

W. Fenstermaker, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Owen Fetzer, died at New Orleans, La., April

in Feb. 25, 1864.

19, 1864.

Isaiah Foy.

;

John Gross, must, in Feb.

18, 1864

:

wounded

at Cedsr Creek,

Va

,

Oct.

;

Regt, Pa. Cav.

19, 1864.

Charles Gross, must, in Feb. 29, 1864

Henry Gutthard, must,

must, out Nov,

22, 1865.

Charles G. Sasserman, must, in Oct. 2, 1862 ; must, out Oct. Gottlieb Schweitzer, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

absent, sick, at muster out.

;

;

in Feb. 13, 1865.

2, 1865.

A. Geustenlichter. Alexander Great. George T. Gross, disch. on surg. certif. July 3D, 1862. Samuel Guth. disch. on surg. certif. July 20, 1S64.

William Smith, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Samuel Smith, must, in Sept, 10, 1862 must, out by General Order June

Allen P. Gilbert, must, out Sept. IS, 1864. Francis Gildner, killed at Cedar Creek, Ta., Oct. 19, 1864; buried in

Stephen Schechterly, must, in Sept, 10, 1862

;

Order June 1, 1865, Charles Smith, must, in March

National Cemetery, Winchester, lot 10.

Frank W.

;

;

died at

New

1865; disch. on surg.

Siegfried, trans, to Capt. Snyder's

company,

New

June

Orleans, La,,

N. C, Jan.

7, 1865.

George W. Hartzell. William F. Henry, must, oat Sept. 18, 1864. Uriah Henry, must, in Feb. 9, 1863. Daniel Kramer, must, in Oct. 2, 1862 wounded at Pocotaligo, absent, sick, at muster out. 22, 1862 ;

'

Joseph Stephens, must, in Nov.

5,

1862

Cedar Creek, Va.,Oct.

killed at

;

Frederick Smith, died at Fort Tyler, Texas, S.

C,

Oct.

May

4, 1864.

Isaiah Schlochter.

Peter M. Stockslager. Clinton Sage, must, in March 10, 1865 not on muster-out Levi Schoittz, died at Philadelphia March 14, 1864.

;

;

Kraff, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

Charles Kaucher, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. David F. Knerr, must, in Sept. 10, 1862 must, out by General Order ;

trans, to Capt. Snyder's

;

13, 1865.

19, 1864.

Levi Kraft, disch. on surg. certif. March 12, 1864. Edwin Keiper, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

June 1, 1865. Solomon Krechio,

company,

14,

1st TJ. S. Art.,

20, 1864.

;

March

Nov.

Jonas Snyder, died on board of the steamer " McClellan" July 8, 1864. Henry J. Schlagle, must, in Feb. 24, 1864 captured died at Salisbury,

Orleans, La., July

28, 1865.

Albert Hiller, must, in

certif.

Feb, 26, 1863,

Francis Stick, died at

Joseph Hawk, must, in Feb. 25, 1864. David 0. Hawk, must, in April 1, 1864

7,

must, out by General

;

1866.

Solomon Gross, must, in Feb. 8, 1864. Eli K. Hunsberger, must, in Jan. 16, 1864 absent at muster out. Granville D. Hangen. Charles Henry.

Xaver

1865.

1,

1st U. S. Art.,

Nov.

Edwin F. Trickier. Henry Traak, must, in March 6, 1865. John L, Transue, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. John Troxell, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Israel Troxell, must, in Sept. 10, 1862 1,

27, 1862.

H

roll.

;

must, out by General Order June

1866.

Deo. 7,1862. Charles Klotz, must, in Oct. 29, 1862; trans, to Co. Elvin Knauss, died at New Orleans, La., Aug. 3, 1864.

James Vansyckel.

Ogdon Lewis, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Samuel Lutz, must, in Dec. 2, 1863 trans, from Co. B April 16, 1864. John J. Lawall, must, in Sept. 17, 1862 must, out by General Order June 1, 1866.

Eli Wieder.

Peter Lynd, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

Gideon Weiser.

Franklin Lefler, must, out Oct. 30, 1864.

Henry W. Weiser, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. William Wipkey, must, in Oct. 18, 1861 must, out Oct. 30, 1864. Samuel Wierbach, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Daniel Wanuermaker, must, in Sept. 10, 1862 must, out by General Order June 1, 1865.

Daniel Vansyckel, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

;

;

David Lost, died at Camp GritBa, Va., Oct. 29, 1861. James Lutz, must, in Nov. 23, 1863 trans, from Co. killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864. William Mench, disch. on surg. certif. July 14, 1864. ;

Harrison

W. Miller,

William Walter, must, in Jan. Harrison Wiel.

4,

1864.

Henry W. Weil.

;

B

April 16,1864;

;

Lewis Warner, trans, to Capt. Snyder's company, let U.

must, in Jan. 14, 1864.

S. Art.,

Nov.

27,

1862.

Charles Matzkowsky, must, in Feb. 20, 1864. William Martin, wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 29, 1864.

Francis Xander.

Oscar Miller, must, out Sept. 20, 1864.

Aaron McHose, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Sylvester McOabe, must, in Jan. 17, 1862 must, out Jan. 17, 1865. June Jesse Moyer, must, in Sept. 17, 1862 must, out by General Order ;

;

Nathaniel Xander, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Joseph Yonkert, must, in Feb. 2, 1865. Peter Yeager, must, in Jan. 4, 1864. Thomas Ziegler, wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. Frederick Ziegler, must, in Oct. 23, 1862

1, X865.

Leander Morrell, must, in Oct. 23, 1864; trans, from Co. H, 14th Regt. Pa. Cav. must, out Oct. 22, 1865. April Philip W. Miller, must, in Nov. 20, 1863 trans, to Vet. Kes. Corps

;

trana.

19, 1864.

from 14th Regt. Pa.

Cav.; disch. on surg. certif. April 11, 1865.

;

Company K,

;

3, 1866.

Jeremiah Metz, killed at Pocotaligo,

S.

C,

John Mclntire. William McLaughlin, must, in March 8, 1866. Jacob Newhard. Nicholas McKeever. Samuel Moss, must, in July 1,1863 trans, to Vet. Ees. Corps March ;

24, 1863.

mustered out Dec. otherwise mentioned.

17, 1861

;

26, 1866, unless

where

George Junkert, must, in Aug. 21, 1861; pro. to capt. Sept. 17, 1861 died at Hilton Head, S. C, Oct. 25, 1862, of wounds received at Po12,

cotaligo, S.

Charles

1864.

Jacob Peter, must, in Nov.

Mustered in Sept.

Oct. 22, 1862.

W.

C,

Oct. 22, 1862.

Abbott, pro. to 1st lieut. Sept, 17, 1861

to lieut.-col. Jan. 3, 1865.

;

to capt. Oct. 22, 1862

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

94

Matthias Miller, pro. from corp. to Ist aergt, Jan.

Aug. 1, 1864; to capt. Jan. 4, 1865. David H. Fetherolf, pro. from 2d to Nov. 17, 18G4. Franklin Beiael, pro. from corp, to Ist Jan.

2:J,

let lieut.

1864

1,

May

2,

;

to 2d lieut.

1863; must, out

John Aug,

eergt.

1864; to Ist lieut.

7,

1865,

Sabiue Cross- Roada, La., April

May

2,

Rudolph Fisher,

8, 1864.

2y, 1865.

March

certif.

11, 1864.

must, out by General Order

disch.

on surg.

10, 1865;

certif.

July

29, 1862.

Harrison Fegely,mu8t. in Dec. 2,1863; wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864 trans, to Co, E, 21st Regt., Ist Bat,, Vet. Res. Corps, Jao. 17 ;

J. Scherer, pro. fi-om corp. to sergt.

Nov.

6,

Jolin Bischoff,

1865.

1864; to lat aergt.

Edward

Jan. 24, 1865.

wounded

C,

at Pocotaligo, S.

Oct. 22, 1862; pro.

from

Samuel Kunfer, pro. to corp. Sept. 19, 1864; to sergt. Jan. 24, 1865. Samuel Rcinert, wounded at Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 1862 pro. to corp. Aug. 1, 1864; to sergt. Oct. 1, 1865. William Landis, pro. to corp. Sept. 19, 1864; wounded at Cedar Creek, ;

must,

5, 1865,

Manoh

C,

wounded

;

ceived at Pocotaligo,

C, Oct.

S.

Benedict Glichler, must, in Feb,

May

1864; must, out by General Order

8,

1864

12,

must, out Oct. 11, 1865.

;

1863

2,

;

of

1,

died at

New

Orleans, La.,

May

Edwin

1865.

Gross, miLst. in Dec. 15, 1863; died at Charleston, S. C, Oct 30 1865,

wounds received

Charles Grim, must, in Feb, 23, 1864. Oct. 22, 1862.

C,

S.

Oct, 22, 1862; disch, on

surg. certif, Feb, 24, 1863.

Charles Heiney, must, out Sept, 18, 1864,

William

William Hinklo,mn8t. in March 29,1864; pro. to corp. April 21,1865. John Saylur, must, in Feb. 23, 1864; pro, to corp. July 1, 1865. Nathau Handwerk, must, in March 7,1864; pro, to corp. Oct. 1, 1865.

Aug.

P. Heller, must, in

June 1,1865. Harrison Handweik, must, out

26,

1862

must, out by General Order

;

Oct, 2, 1862; must, out Oct, 1, 1865.

Edward Houser, must, in Oct, 2, 1862 must, out Oct. 1, 1865. Henry Hantz, must, in Oct. 18, 1864; must, out Oct. 19, 1865, John Hinderer, trans, to Vet. Res. Corps March 1, 1864. William A. Heckman, must, in Aug. 14, 1861 promoted to ;

pro. to corp. Oct. 1, 1865.

;

1862, of wounds re-

9,

22, 1864.

Person, mu.^t, in Feb. 9,1864; pro. to corp. Sept. 26,1864.

1864

S. C.

19, 1865.

0. Weidenbacli, pro. to corp. Sept. 19, 1864.

29,

at Pocotaligo,

Feb. 16, 1863.

22, 1862,

Jacob F. Hartzog, wounded at Pocotaligo,

at Pocotaligo, S.

March

,

C, Nov,

John Gulty.

Edwin

Skitter, must, in

wounded

1862;

2,

died at Fort Jeflfersun, Fla

Matthiaa Gerrett, must, in Dec.

must, out Oct.

in Oct. 2, 1862;

William H. Berger, died at Pliiladelpliia Nov. at Cedar Creek, "Va., Oct, 19, 1864, Edwin Moyer, sergt. Carl, corp.,

Oct, 22, 1862

Jacob Geesey, must, in Oct,

Va., Oct. 19, 1864; pro. to sergt. Oct, 1, 1865. Peter Reinmiller, sergt., must, out Sept, 18, 1864. Conrad Tolkanand, sergt., must, out Sept. 18, 1864, sergt.,

Frederick, must, in Oct,

Gottlieb Fiesel, died at Hilton Head, S.

corp. to sergt. Jan. 24, 1865.

Amos

1864.

Jan, 20, 1862.

certif.

March

1,

Sept. 14, 1865.

1863; killed at

Eliaa F. Beunor, pro. from corp. to eergt. Sept. 14,1864; to 2d lieut. Jan.

Phaou Guth,

on surg.

F. Fersch, disch.

Paul Ferg, disch. on surg, Joseph Freas, must, in

Alfred P. Swoyer, pro. from let Bergt. to 2d lieut.

George

trans, to Vet. Res. Corps March William Frey, must, in March 2, 1864. Fisher, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Charles

Werner Erbe,

George Knick, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Lewis Benn er, must, out Sept, 18, 1864. Martin Guth, must, in Oct. 2, 1862 mu'^t. out Oct. 1, 1865. Joseph Frack, must, in Oct. 2, 1862 wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864 must, out June 22, 1S65. William Knerr, must, in Oct. 2, 1862; must, out Oct, 1,1865. William Schubard. Daniel Frilz, musiciau, disch. ou surg. certif. July 29, 1862. ;

;

;

musician Sept. 1, 1863, Paul Houser, must, in Oct.

2,

principal

1862; drowned from steamer "Pocahon-

tas" June, 1864,

;

Nicholas Hagelgans, killed at Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 1864. George Hoffman, must. iT\ Oct. 29, 1861 ; died at Annapolis, Md., Feb.

21,

1865,

Jacob Hull, must, in

May

2,

1865

from 159th Regt,

trans,

;

Privates.

P. V.

May 2,

1865,

Valentine Amend, must, out Sept.

Benjamin Amey, must,

18, 1864.

in Oct. 2, 1862

Charles Acker, must. In Nov.

5,

George Kase, must, in Dec,

must, out Oct.

;

1,

1862; disch. on surg.

Abraham

1865. certif.

May

19,

1865.

William Barr, must, iu Feb. 8, 1864. Peter Berkemeyer, must, in Feb. 10, 1864. Francis Boger. Charles Bower, must, in March 15, 1864. Henry A. Breinig, must, in Feb. 21, 1865. disch,

;

on surg.

certif,

Dec.

16,1861.

Bornschier, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

William H. Barber, must, in July

26,

1862

;

must, out by General Order

June 1,1865. Tilghman Boger, must, in Aug. 26, 1862; must, out by General Order June 1,1865. Tilghman Breisch, must, in Oct. 2, 1862 must, out Oct. 1, 1865. William Brecht, trans, to Vet. Res. Corps March 1, 1864, Lewis Berliuer, killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864 buried in Na;

tional Cemetery, Winchester, lot 10.

;

S.

John

William

must, out by General Order June

;

Daniel D. Dackratt, must, in Aug,

drafted.

;

Lewis Dipple,died

W.

at

Key West,

5,

1862

;

Va,, Oct.

9,

1864.-

trans, to Vet. Res. Corps March

Landrock.

1,

William Leonhard.

W.

A. Leibensperger, must, in March Daniel H. Long.

15, 1864.

in Dec. 2, 1863.

Elias Leh, must, out Sept. 18, 1864, 18, 1864.

must, out Oct. 28, 1865.

14, 1861

;

pro. to principal

musician

died at Key West, Fla., March 29, 1862, George Leonhard, died at Key West, Fla., April 19, 1862. Joseph Louis, died at Hilton Head, S, C, Oct. 2a, 1862, of wounds ceived at Pocotaligo,

Abraham Fla., April 27, 1862.

Datzius, must, in Feb. 29, 1864

Nov, 9, 1864. William Eastman, must, in Feb.

buried in National Cemetery, Winchester, lot

AmanduB Long,

Aug.

Sept. 1, 1863.

Philip

19, 1864;

John Kolb, died at Baltimore, Md,, Oct. 21, 1864, Hiram Kolb, wounded at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19,

Lewis Long, must,

certif.

Alfred Diehl, must, in Oct. 29, 1862

;

1864.

Francis Dankle.

E. Druckenmiller, disch, on surg.

Oct. 22, 1862; disch, on

Keiser, must, in Oct. 2, 1862 must, out Oct, 1, 1865, George Kilmore, killed near Berr>'ville, Va., Sept. 5, 1864. Moses F. Klotz, must, in Dec. 16, 1863 killed at Cedar Creek,

roll.

22, 1865.

John Delp, must, in Aug. 11, 1863; John Dottery, must, in Dec. 2, 1863.

C,

1863.

John

Juliufl 21, 1864;

9,

Jacob Kentzler, must, out Sept. IS, 1864. John Holdhoff, must, out Sept, 18, 1864, Anthony Krause, must, out Sept, 18, 1864.

Carl.

Peter Cope, must, in March

May

absent, on detached duty, a

Koffler, disch. on surg, certif. Sept, 7, 1863.

David Klotz, must, in Nov.

1863 ; not on muster-out

2,

Keiter, must, in Feb. 16, 1865.

muster out. James E, Knerr, must, in Feb. 15, 1865, Frederick Knell, wounded at Pocotaligo,

;

John Bower, must, in Dec.

S.

Edward Keller, must, in Feb, 16, 1865. John W. H. Kuerr, must, in Feb. 15, 1865

surg. certif.

Joseph Bachman, must, in Oct. 29, 1861

M.

William

2, 1863.

Keiter, must, in Feb, 15, 1865,

;

'

14, 1865.

*

'*

C,

Solomon H. Long, must, Aug. 21, 1864. Harrison Metzger,

S.

in

C,

re-

Oct. 22, 1862,

Landis, died at Hilton Head,

ceived at Pocotaligo,

died at Portsmouth Grove R. I

S,

S,

C, Oct

23, 1862, of

wounds

re-

Oct, 22, 1862.

March

15,

1864

;

died at

New

Orleans, La.,

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAK OF THE REBELLION. Jonas Metzger, must, in Oct. 18, 1861. Lewis Miller. Peter Miller, must, in Feb. 17, 1865. John Moser, must, in Feb. 22, 1864. Samuel Madder, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

ahy, had a portion of one company (A) from Lehigh County. It was organized on the 29th of August, 1861,

and

its

place of rendezvous was Cainp Cameron,

On

near Harrisburg.

Lewis 51etzger, must, out Sept. 18, 1864. Alfred Mutliard, must, in Oct. 10, 1804 must, out Sept. 18, 1864. David Moesner, must, out by General Order Aug. 21, 1865. Martin Muench, died at Key West. Pla., July 22, 1862. John McConnell, killed atPocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 186;2. Jacob Madden, died of wounds received at Pleasant Hill, La., April

it

moved

the 20th of November, 1861,

to Louisville, via Pittsburgh,

;

gaged 9,

1, 1865.

Coni-ad Nagle, died at Alfxandriji, Va., Aug. 23, 1864; grave 2604.

Key West, Fla., Aug. 20, 1862. Charles Preston, must, in Dec. 17, 1863. Elias Ready, disch. on surg. certif. Nov. 26, 1861.

Frederick Nessler, died at

1863; disch. on surg.

certif.

Aug.

3,

1864.

Henry

S.

Romig, must, in Dec.

2,

1863

disch.

;

on surg.

certif.

April 11,

1866.

Charles Resch, died at Baton Rouge, La., Aug. 10, 1864. Charles RichdL-r, must, in Nov. 5, 1862; died at Baltimore, Md., Sept. ,

1,

1864.

William Shrank, wounded at Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. David Semmel. Benjamin Shoemaker, must, in Dec. 2, 1863. William H. Slioemaker, must, in Dec. 2, 1863. Lewis G. Seip, must, in Feb. 19, 1864. Tilghman Sourwine, absent, sick, at muster out. John G. Snyder, must, in Feb. 15, 1865. William H. Snyder, must, in Feb. 15, 1865. Levi Stahly, must, in April

22, 1862.

1804.

1,

Paul Strauss, wounded at Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 1862. Daniel Strauss, must, in March 15, 1864. Evan Strauss, must, in Feb. 14, 1865. James Strauss, wounded at Cedar Creek, Va Oct. 19, 1864. William Sterner, must, in Feb. 14, 1865. Andrea Snyiifr, disch. on surg. certif. June 3, 1862. F. Sackenheimer, disch. on surg. certif Sept. 1, 1862. John Schimpf, wounded at Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, 1862 ,

;

must, out

Sept. 18, 1864.

John

Scholl, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

William D. Schick, must, in

Oct. 2, 1862

;

disch.

on surg.

certif.

July

4,

1865.

Alfred Smith, must, in March 3,1864; disch. on surg. certif. July 19, 1865.

William Shearer, disch. on snrg. certif Dec. 15, 1864. Henry Savitz, must, in Oct. 2, 1862; must, out Oct. 1, 1865. William Schlicher, must, in Oct. 2, 1862 must, out Oct. 1, 1865. Franklin Smith, must, in Oct. 10, 1864; must, out Oct. 9, 1865. James Sieger, must, in Oct. 29, 1862 must, out Oct. 28, 1865. ;

;

Charles Stout, must, in Oct. 29, 1662; must, out Oct. 28, 1865.

John

G. Sigle, must, in

March

2,

1864

must, out by General Order Nov.

;

14,1865.

Lewis Schneck, must, in Dec.

15,

1863

;

killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct.

19,1864: buried in National Cemetery, Winchester, lot 10. S. C, Oct, 24, 1862, of wounds C, Oct. 22, 1862. Kej West, Fla., April 6, 1862.

John Schuchard, died at Hilton Head,

re-

ceived at Pocotaligo, S.

Augustus Schirer, died at Josiah Siegler, must, in

Henry 8,

S. Toole,

May

28, 1864.

must, in Oct. 17, 1862

;

must, out by General Order July

1865.

went

January, 1862, advance of Gens. Buell and Mitchell against Gen. A. S. Johnson, iit Bowling Green, it was, at the request of the citizens, ordered to remain for the protection of the State, and the battalions were posted at different localities. In March the regiment was ordered into Tennessee, and in May the third battalion met a force of Morgan's cavalry at Lebanon, where that daring leader was defeated. Soon afterward the third battalion captured Morgan's rear-guard, and pursued his force to the CumThe same battalion berland Mountains at Sparta. was again warmly engaged at Moore's Hill on the 6th of June, and at Tompkinsville, Ky., on the 9th of July, with Morgan's force again. The battalions were united in Kentucky early in August, and the regiment was engaged in protecting the State against the raids of Morgan's bands. It covered the retreat of Gen. Nelson to Louisville, after the battle of Richmond, Ky., on the 30th of August, and in doing so had a sharp fight with the rebel cavIt was engaged at Perryville, alry at Shelbyville. where it fought bravely, and lost ten killed and twenty-seven wounded. It returned to Louisville, where it was remounted and newly equipped, and on the 22d of December went on an expedition through the Cumberland, Pine, and Clinch Mountains, where roads and civilization were abandoned, and great hardships were endured. On the 1st of January, 1863, it reached the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, captured a force of the enemy, and burned the bridge over the Watauga. Twelve miles distant, on the Holston River, another force of two hundred and fifty was captured and paroled, and a mile of trestle-work was destroyed. The command then recrossed the mountains by the route over which it came, and reached Nicholasville on the 13th of January. Soon afterward the regiment went to Louisville and was remounted, then went to Nashville, and, on the 8th of February, to Franklin, where it drove Forrest's cavDuring eighteen days the regialry from the town.

and

1864.

2,

went into camp and en-

at Jeffersonville, Iiid., opposite Louisville,

Patrick McFarland, died at Fort Jefferson, Fla., Sept. 16, 1862. William Noll, must, in Sept. 17, 1862 ; must, out by General Order June

Martin Reiiinger, must, in Dec.

95

in drill.

It

to the front in

in February, on the

ment confronted a

vastly superior force of rebel cav-

Van Dorn, and when

Christopher Ulrich, must, out Sept. 18, 1864.

alry under

Lewis Wasser, must, in Feb. 21, 1865. James D. Weil, must, in March 2, 1864. Levi Wagner, must, in Feb. 4, 1864.

The next day a fight occurred, which, though disastrous to the Union arms, was nobly borne by this regiment. In the Chickamauga campaign the regiment was in action at the battles of Rover, Middle-

Samuel Woodring. Christian F. Wieland, must, in Feb. 27, 1864; pro, to assistant surgeon

Dec. 13, 1864.

Samuel Wolf, killed

Benjamin Zellner, must,

New

Orleans, La., April 30, 1864.

in Dec. 15, 1863.

Ninety-second Regiment (Ninth Cavalry).— This, which was at first known as the Lochiel Cav-

it.

and Shelbyville, at which latter it captured a and about a thousand prisoners. It was also in action at Cowan, Lafayette, and Chickamauga. In the winter and spring of 1863-64 it was in the battles of Dandridge, New Market, Mossy Creek, and ton,

at Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 1864.

William Walbert,died at

attacked defeated

battery

:

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

96

It then re-enliated, had a furlough of and returned, twelve hundred strong, in May. During the summer of 1864 the regiment operated against Morgan in his last raid into Kentucky, and on the 2d of September reached Chattanooga, crossed the mountains to McMinnville, and on the 6th attacked and defeated a brigade of Wheeler's command, taking about three hundred prisoners. The same day the regiment attacked and defeated a

Fair Garden. thirty days,

part of the force of the rebel general Williams. The regiment joined Gen. Sherman at Marietta,

which Companies D and G were recruited in Lehigh County, was raised in response to the proclamation of the Governor, issued July 21, 1862, calling for troops to serve nine months. The several companies rendezvoused at Harrjsburg, and were mustered into service A Lehigh from the 13th to the 15th of August.

County man, ant-colonel.

W. W. Hammersley, was chosen lieutenOn the 16th of August the regiment was

ordered to Washington. Soon after its arrival there it crossed the Potomac, and encamped for a week on Arlington Heights. On the 21st it moved to Fairfax

Seminary, and on the 29th to Fort Woodbury, where for a week, during which the fierce fighting at Bull

and on the 14th of November, 1864, started on During this march it was in action at Lovejoy's Station, Macon, Bear Creek, Waynesboro', Buckhead Creek, Buckhead Church, and Waynesboro' again. After reaching Savannah the regiment delayed a month, then went forward, and was in action on the Charleston and Augusta Railroad, at Aiken, Lexington, Black Stakes Station, Averysboro', N. C, Bentonville, near Raleigh, Hillsboro' Road, and Morris-

Run and Chantilly occurred, it was incessantly engaged in felling timber and erecting fortifications. In the mean time Capt. Samuel Croasdale, of Bucks County, had been appointed colonel, and the staff On the 6th of September the regiment, in selected. light marching order, recrossed the Potomac, and entered on the Maryland campaign. At Frederick City, where it arrived on the 14th, it was assigned to

ville.

Crawford's brigade of Williams' division, Mansfield's

This regiment had the honor of firing the last gun at the enemy before the surrender of Gen. Johnson,

(formerly Banks') corps. The first engagement in which the regiment participated was ac Antietam Creek, on the 17th of September, where it made Colonel Croasdale was a most gallant charge. instantly killed, and Lieut.-Col. Hammersley was The regiment received a most severely wounded. severe fire, thirty-four being killed and eighty-five wounded, of whom six subsequently died. After the battle the regiment was alternately encamped at Sandy Hook and on Maryland Heights, at the latter place being employed in constructing fortifications.

Ga.,

the march to the sea.

and of receiving the eral,

by that gen-

flag of truce sent

with a letter asking for terms of surrender.

After this surrender the

where

it

remained

till

command went to Lexington, when it was

the 18th of July,

mustered out of the service.

The following

is

a

in the Ninety -second

list of Lehigh County Regiment

NINETY-SECOND REGIMENT (NINTH

soldiers

CAVALRY), Three

Years.

On

Company A. Samuel H, Schneck,

May

muRt. in Oct.

Ist sergt.,

3,

1861

;

pro.

from corp.

must, out with company July 18, 1865. sergt., must, in Oct. 3, 1861 pro. from private Jan. 1, 1864; com. 2d lieut. March 16, 1865; must, out with comJuly 1865. pany 18, 20, 1865

;

James B, Hammersley,

Tilghman July

;

Miller, bugler, must, in Oct. 3, 1861

3,

1861

point.

must, out with company

Neabsco River, where it was halted, and on the following day turned back to Fairfax Station, the strug-

Privates.

must, out with company July

;

18, 1866.

to hospital steward Jan. 1,

1865.

Hammersley, must,

in Oct. 31, 1861

;

wounded

at Carter's Station

Dec. 30, 1862, and at Watauga River, Tenn., Jan. 1, 1803 must, out with company July 18, 1865. Oscar T. Hoffman, must, in May 23, 1864 must, out with company July ;

:

18, 1866.

Henry H. Mertz, must,

in Oct. 3, 1861

must, out with company July

;

18, 1866.

Victor Matauer, must, in Oct.

3,

1861

;

must, out with company July 18,

1866.

John Masenheimer, must,

in

June

20, 1864; disch.

by General Order July

18. 1865.

Richard N. Saeger, must, iu

Oct. 3, 1861

;

must, out with company July

18. 1866.

Edward

the 16th the regiment arrived at the

gle at Fredericksburg being over.

31, 1861

Augustus TSbert, must, in Oct. 3,1861; pro. Ellis T.

On

killed at Louisville, Ky.,

;

July 18, 1865.

Daniel F. Becktell, must, in Oct.

left to

;

20, 1864.

Charles Dickson, farrier, must, in Oct.

December the Twelfth Corps, which hold the Upper Potomac when the rest of the army advanced to Warrenton, was ordered to move rapidly to Fredericksburg, Burnside being on the point of attacking the enemy at that the 10th of

had been

G. Yeager, must, in Sept. 30, 1864; diach. by General Order

May

29, 1865.

The One Hundred and Twenty-eighth Regiment (Nine Months' Service). This regiment, of

—

January, 1863,

On

the 19th of

proceeded to Stafford Court- House, upon the occasion of Burnside's second abortive campaign. It was here placed in winter quarters, and was employed on guard and picket duty until the opening of the spring campaign under Hooker. While here Lieut.-Col. Hammersley, being permanently disabled by the wounds received at Antietam, it

resigned, and Capt. L.

sioned to succeed him.

Heber Smith was commisthe 1st of May, the corps

On

having reached Chancellorsville, the brigade was ordered to intrench on the plank-road leading through the Wilderness. Later in the day the regiment was moved out to the United States Ford to open the way over the Rappahannock, but returned in the evening to the intrenchments. During the night it was ordered out upon the front, where it remained until the

morning, and during the day participated

in

the

WAR

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE upon the left centre. At evening the enemy succeeded in breaking the right wing and coming in upon the flank occupied by the Union works. The night was very dark, and in retiring to its original fighting

regiment found itself in the clutch of the foe. Many of the officers of the staff and two hundred and twenty-five non-commissioned officers and men were taken prisoners. The balance of the regiment, under

line the

command its

of Capt. Kennedy, succeeded in reaching

position in the line,

which

it

held with tenacity,

OF THE REBELLION.

97

Lewis Frankenfield, died at Washington, D, C, March "Victor Faringer.

John George.

William Giess. William Graver.

Richard Grauff.

Andrew Gangwere,

Henry B.GoccI, missing Peter Hillegasa.

James S. Holl'ert. Fhaon Hartman.

Nathan Keiser.

Philip Helweid.

Emanuel Knanss.

H. B.

Harrison Knauss.

William Kern.

Jarrett.

James A. Jackson. George Keck, killed at Antietam, Md., Sept.

17, 1862.

James Lutz.

The brigade having

William D. Miller. David H. Maddern, wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept.

ceeding two days, was, on the afternoon of the 3d, ordered to the rear as guard to prisoners, but in a few

hours was again summoned to the front. At the close of the battle the regiment, reduced to one hundred and seventy-two men, returned to Stafford Court-

Lichtenwallner.

J. B.

May

in action at Chancellorsville, Va.,

John Nagle. Henry Nagle, missing in action

Henry

Jacob Richard.

Jacob H. Saeger.

mand. Following

James Wetzell. William Wagner.

in this

Clark Sutton.

Theodore Siegfried, disch. on aurg, Jeremiah Transue. William W. Weaver. Henry Wieand.

1862

disch.

;

;

Aug. 25, 1862; wounded at Antietam, Md,, on aurg. certif. Jan. 31, 1863.

from

2,

capt.,

must, in Sept.

May

19, 1863, unless

1863.

1863.

Ignatz Greaser, corp.

George F. Hawke, corp.

George Hoxwortb, corp.

Tilghman F. Horn, corp. William Sowden, Corp., wounded

May

2,

from

2, 1863.

lieut.,

1862

1st lieut. Sept.

must, in Sept. 2,1862; pro. from 2d

George W. Hamilton, 2d lieut., pro. from 1st sergt. Aug. James A. Lucas, 1st sergt., pro. from corp, Aug, 18, 1862

May

lieut.

18, 1862. ;

missing in ac-

2, 1863.

from corp. Sept, William Benjamin F. Leech, sergt., pro. from corp. Solomon H. Kramer, sergt., pro. from Corp., Aug.

18, 1862,

18, 1862.

Preston Brock, aergt.

Henry

Weller, sergt., killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862.

David HoUenbach,

at

Antietam, Md., Sept.

17, 1862.

Corp., missing in action at Chancelloraville, Va.,

1863.

May

2,

Privates,

James Albright. Frederick A. Boas.

Henry A. Berger. Henry Burger.

corp., pro. Dec. 31, 1862

cellorsville, Va.,

lorsville, Va,,

1863.

May

2,

pro. to corp. Feb. 7, 1863.

to corp. Dee. 31,

May

2,

1862

;

missing in action at Chancel-

1863.

Samuel Smith, pro. to corp. Sept. 19, 1862. James R. Roney, pro. to corp. Sept, 19, 1862. Tilghman J. Keck, corp. Milton H. Dunlap, corp. Willoughby Knauss, corp., died at Philadelphia Nov. Wellington Martin, musician, must, in Aug. 14, 1862.

18, 1862.

Privates.

Eli Andreas, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va.,

Franklin Bower.

Abraham

Robert Attreed.

Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Sylvester Burgen, died near Stafford Court-House, Va., Franklin Bloss, killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862.

missing in action at Chan-

;

1863.

Henry A. Breinig. James A. Bieber.

Mahlon H. Beary, wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Allen Blank, wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Edward Bloss, disch. March 19, 1863, for wounds received at Antietam,

March

Dallas Dillinger.

Aaron Frederick, wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Solomon S. Frederick. Edwin W. Fried. 7

pro.

May

14,

where

pro. to lieut.-col.

;

;

Lewis Fink, corp. John W. StuU, pro.

/ Alonzo Kuntz, Corp., missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va.,

Daniel Fried.

14, 1862

captured at Chancellorsville, Va.,

Reuben D. George,

William G. Moyer, corp.

Abraham Worman,

19, 1863, unless

Charles A. PfeifFer, sergt. '

2,

;

Aug.

in.

H. Schlosser, sergt., pro.

Stephen Swartz, sergt. Frederick A. Ruhl, sergt., missing in action at ChancellorsTille, Va.,

May

must.

tion at Chancellorsville, Va.,

2, 1862.

Walter H. Seip, Ist lieut., must, in Sept. 4, 1862. William H. Miller, 2d lieut., must, in Sept. 4, 1862. Franklin C. Wasaer, sergt, Benjamin C. Roth, 1st sergt. George Diefenderfer, sergt., missing in action at Chancelloraville, Va., 2,

1862

G.

Sept. 2, 1862.

Mustered into aervice Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out where otherwise mentioned.

John P. Dillinger,

capt.,

Daniel C.Miller, Ist

Company D.

May

Joseph Yingling.

Aug. 25, 1862. Peter C. Huher, capt., must, in Aug.

Sept. 17,

Wagner.

mustered out May otherwise mentioned.

(Nine

pro.

G.

Frederick Weaver.

12, 1862;

W. W. Hammersley,

W. W. Hammersley, lieut.-col., must, into service Aug. 14, 1862 capt., Co. G,

Henry

John Toung.

Aug.

in

Dec. 22, 1862.

certif.

Company

Field and Staff.

May 2, 1863.

Reiss.

Daniel Schleigler.

John E. Shaffer. Jeremiah Siegfried.

Mustered

months).

3863.

Charles Snyder, wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862.

regiment:

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-EIGHTH EEGIMBNT

May 2,

in action at Chancellorsville, Va,,

House. On the 12th of May, the term of service having expired, it was relieved from duty and proceeded to Harrisburg, where, on the 19th, it was mustered out. The officers and men who were taken prisoners were held but a short time, returning in time to be mustered out with the rest of the com-

men

missing

;

Pfeiflfer.

Henry K,

the roster of Lehigh

1862

H. Nunnemaker. at Chancellorsville, Va.,

Charles Nagle.

Tilghman Peter, missing

17,

1863.

2,

Peter Ronig,

is

1863.

2,

Moboh L. Klotz. Rinehart Keiffer.

Stephen A. Henry.

J.

May

in action at Chancelloraville, Va.,

the battle raging around them with the utmost fury. suffered severely during the pre-

22, 1863.

2,

1863.

George

S.

May

2,

1863.

Bechtel.

Berger, missing in action at Chancelloraville, Va.,

May

2,

1863.

Reuben Bittner, missing Tilghman Bloss. Thomas J. Brader. J.

Berkenmeyer,

disch,

in action at Chancelloraville, Va.,

on surg.

May

2,

1863.

Henry W. Butz. Milton certif.

Feb.

W.

9,

Beaver.

1863.

Joseph Barriss, trans, to Co. D, 145th Regt. P. V,, date unknown. Ira CofBn, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863.

Henry

Creitz.

Lewis Danbert, misBlng in action at Chancellorsville, Va.,

May

2, 1863.

HISTOEY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

98

Albert Dorword, miasiug in action at Cliancellorsville, Va., Charles Dipfenderfer.

Daniel

Hngli 0. Davis, diach. on BUrg. C. Fenstermacher.

certif.

May

2, 1863,

J. Dillinger.

operating upon the defenses of Charleston.

May 2, 1862. at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1862. action at Chancellorsville, Va., May

ing to Newberne, N. C,

Jiimes Eli, missing in action at Chancelloraville, Va.,

William

Edwin

Frj-,

missing in action

Fretzinger, missing in

tary

Flata, died at

Washington, D. C, Nov.

8,

1862

;

buried in Mili-

Asylnm Cemetery.

David Gackenbach, must, in Aug.

14, 1862.

Thomas F. Good, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2,1863. Aaron Grnm, missing in action at Chaucellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863. William H. Good. L.

W.

William A. Goranflo.

0. Goranflo, died at

Maryland Heights, Md., Nov.

Tilghman Jacoby, died near William Kenner.

May

2,

1863.

term of duty

its

Jeremiah Kern.

discb.

on surg.

certif.

action at Chancellorsville, Va.,

Howard C. Manvill. Henry Merkel.

May

2,

1863.

David Miller. William H. Miller.

Miller, died at Baltimore, Md., October 3d, of

wounds received

May

2,

Henry

Thomas

G. Richard.

at

Antietam,

Md

,

J.

2,

Eaynes.

May

2,

2, 1863.

Hiram Wilt, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863. Henry W. Wiut, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863.

May

2,

missing in action at Chancellors-

1863.

Zellner.

One Hundred and

Seventy-sixth Regiment (Nine Months' Service, Drafted Militia).— Of this regiment, seven companies were from Lehigh County and the remaining three from Monroe. They rendezvoused at Philadelphia in November, 1862, and a regimental organization was effected, with the following field-officers

AmbroseA.Lechler, colonel; George Pilkington, lieutenant-colonel; William Sohoonover, major. Soon after its organization the regiment was sent to Suffolk, Va., where for a month it was subjected to careful instruction and discipline. The :

May

1,

1863

;

not mustered. ;

com, 2d

Jacob Geary, sergt., pro. from private Dec. Lewis H. Reinhard, sergt.

8,

1862.

James

G. Gorr, sergt., disch. by Special Order Nov. 26, 1862. Doll, corp., pro. to corp.

March 10, March 10, 1863.

Franklin D. Smoyer, corp. Jacob Hinkle, Corp., pro. to corp. Dec.

1863.

12, 1802.

Lorrish, corp.

Simon S. Miller, Corp., pro. to corp. Dec. 12, 1862. William H. H. Jarrett, Corp., pro. to corp. Nov. 26,

1862.

PrivateB.

Weaver.

Va.,

1st lieut.

;

Jacob Acker.

1863.

Henry Stout, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May Henry H. Snyder. Jeremiah Sourwein. Reuben Sorben. Daniel Strauss. John Watt, must, in Aug. 14, 1862.

;

com

Sept. 17, 1862.

William Sohnerr. William G. Smith, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va,,

Daniel Weiss, must, in Aug. 14, 1862

lieut.,

Franklin Mertz, Ist sergt., pro. from sergt. Dec. 8, 1862 May 4, 1863 not mustered. William F. Seip, sergt., pro. from private Dec. 8, 1862. J.

Henry Smoyer, Corp., disch. by Special Order Nov. 25,1862. John Fries, Jr., Corp. John Bleiler, musician, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. John Sizelove, musician.

Henry Shenton. Benjamin F. Smith.

Griffith Scbindler.

17, 1863, except wlien

Levi Smoyer, captain.

Edwin

1863.

William J. Richard. Franklin S. Ritter, killed

and mustered out Aug.

specially mentioned.

Edward

Paul Rehrig, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863. William H. Reitz, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va,, May Levi F. Reidy.

1862,

Charles H. Hiskey, Corp., pro. to corp.

1863.

Jonathan W. Keber.

7,

Amatias W. Jacoby, sergt., pro. from Corp. Nov, 25, 1862. Jonas F. Gorr, sergt., disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. at

Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862.

William Merlz, died at AUentown, Pa., May 13, 1863. Samuel B. Parker. Emanuel Paules. David 0. Pricbards, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va.,

Mustered in Nov.

Levi Giering, 2d

Franklin Moyer.

ville,

of

Monroe H. Miller, Ist lieut, com. qr.-mr. May 4, 1863; not mustered. Alexander Singmaster, 2d lieut, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862.

Feb. 14, 1863.

Jacob Long, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863. Henry Lucenbill, killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. Daniel F. Mertz, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863. Daniel Moyer, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863.

Thomas

of

Company A.

John Lentz, missing in

P.

returned North, and was

this

May 2, 1863. James Krum, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863. James Kunkel, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863.

John

it

Following are rosters of the Lehigh companies regiment:

Stafford Court-House, Va., Feb. 20, 1863.

Alfred Klotz, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va,,

Meno

with

sent to Philadelphia, where, on the 17th and 18th August, it was mustered out of service.

Gabriel Kern.

Theodore Knanss. Franklin J. Keck,

Proceed-

was incorporated

and on the 27th of January, 1863, set sail, arriving at Hilton Head on the 5th of February. While in the Department of the South the regiment was not engaged in any hostile operations, but was principally employed in fatigue duty upon the fortifl. cations and in provost duty. Soon after the expiration of

14, 1862.

William Haas. Mandea Henry, missing in action at Chancellorsville, Va., Henry Huber.

it

Foster's forces,

2,

1862.

Andrew

regiment was selected to accompany Gen. Poster in expedition for the reinforcement of the ai:my

his

Jan. 31, 1863.

Reuben Abner,

disch,

David Bexter. Benjamin Boyer.

Heney Bleiller, disch. Frank Christman. David Derr. William David. William Dietz.

William Albitz. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. John Bernhart. Nathan Bortz. by Special Order Nov. 27, 1862. Sylvester Engleman. John Fritz. Joshua Fritz.

David Frederick. John H. Eisenhard. o. W. Fenstermacher. Lewis Eisenhord. Daniel Faust. Augustus Pegley, died at Beaufort, S. C, June 4, 1863. William M. Flexor, died at Beaufort, S. C, June 7, 1863. Stephen Fegley. William Guth. Augustus Frederick. Linneus Gripley. William Gorr, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. William Gorman.

Edward Hallacher, disch. by Special Order Nov. 26, 1862. Jacob Horace, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. William H. Hirkey, died at Beaufort, S. C, March

John P. Haae. James Haines. John Haines. John H. HofTner. Casolas Haas.

Alfred Haas.

John Keck. William Kehm. Amandes Kammerer.

30, 1863.

Michael Kuter.

Amandes Knerr. Milton Laudenslager. L. F. Laudenslager.

John Mayberry. John Mest. Jacob Moyer. William Miller.

lieut.

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. John Mongold, Jacob

disch.

J. Miller, disch.

by Special Order Not. 29, 1862. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862.

James Miller. Charles H. Nuao. James Newmoyer. Moses Nelford.

James

0. Knauss, disch. by Special Order Nov. 20, 1862. Daniel Ken^chuer, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862.

Andrew Keck, disch. on surg. certif. Nov. 24, 1863. Edwin Koch, died at Hampton, Va., Feb. 22, 1863, James Kichllne. Henry M. Lehr.

Josiah Rockel.

Benneville Oswald.

John Rnhf. Nathan Rickerd. Charles Remsen. Henry Smith.

Jacob R. Ritter.

Peter Shifferd.

James Rickard. William Raw. John F. Romig,

Peter Shell.

Charles Kichliue.

Solomon Long,

Jacob Sorber.

Miller, disch. by Special Order Nov, 22, 1862. Joseph Moyer, died at Hilton Head, S. C, July 19, 1863. Frederick Oswald. John Moyer. Daniel S, Patterson. M. K, Nunnemacher.

disch.

A. Nunnemacher. Daniel Roth, disch. on surg. certif.

Stephen Wieder, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. William Wieder, disch. on surg. certif. March 29, 1863. James Wile.

Company 7,

B.

Samuel D. Lehr, capt. Daniel Knauss, 1st lieut.

pro. to corp.

May

6, 2,

Henry Smith,

June

miist. in Dec. 12, 1862.

12, 1862.

James A. Yeager.

Company D. Mustered in Nov.

8,

1862; mustered out Aug. 18, 1863, unless where

otherwise mentioned.

David Schaadt, capt. Samuel A. Brown, 1st lieut., resigned May 2, 1863. Josiah Kern, 2d lieut., com. 1st lieut. May 1, 1863. John Morgan, 1st sergt. pro. to corp. Dec. 3, 1862

1863.

;

,

10, 1863.

Wambold, sergt. Reuben Helfrich, sergt.,

Silas T, Biery, sergt.

Jesse

corp. certif.

June

2, 1863.

pro.

from corp. Nov.

10, 1862.

Joseph Koch, sergt.

24, 1862.

William H. H. Acker. Nathan Adam. Edward Bauer, must, in Dec. 31, 1862, Charles Beltz. John Beidler. Jacob Bast. Ferdinand Bucbman. Solomon Blank, died at St. Helena Island, S. C, Feb.

Josiah Saeger, pro. to corp. Nov. 10, 1862.

Jacob Herling, pro. to corp. Jan.

1, 1863.

Lewis Miller, pro. to corp. March 15, 1863. John Lindenmuth, pro. to corp. March 1, 1863. Joseph Miller, pro, to corp, Feb, 10, 1863, William J. Frantz, pro. to corp. May 1, 1863.

Frank B. Gordon, pro. to corp. May 23, 1863. Henry M, Lorash, corporal. Alexander B. Brown, corp., died at Beaufort,

19, 1863.

Benneville Bart,

S,

C, May

Isaac George, musician.

William Cope, must, in Dec.

31, 1862; disch. on surg. certif.

June

2,

iVivates.

1863.

John Deily. John David, disch. on surg, certif. June 2, 1863. Edward T. Engleman, disch. by Special Order Nov. 24, Aaron Fahringer. Alvin Fink.

Lewia R. Brown.

James A. Bates.

Daniel F. Fink.

Samuel Clader. Edwin Biehl. Francis Carter. Peter Bowman. Phaon Diehl. Andrew Buder, M. Druckenmiller, diach. on surg. certif. June 13,1863. Edwin Diehl, diach. by Special Order Nov. 23, 1862.

Daniel Ferver, died at Beaufort, S. C, March 18, 1863.

George Bisenhard.

Lewis Gaumer. William Fry. Alfred Guth. Pharon H. Guth. Daniel George. David D, Gilbert. Joseph Gackenbach, disch. by Special Order Nov. 22, 1862. William Herman. Charles Hensinger,

Christian Flarkie.

Henry W.

Michael Houser.

Jarrett.

Thomas Hoffman, Josiah K. Knerr, pro. to chaplain

March

1,

1863.

Franklin Kline, must, iu Dec.

disch.

Anthony Fogel. Charles Gross, diach. on aurg. certif. March 23, 1863, William Hauser, absent, sick, at muster out. William Harmony. Moses Hauser.

Henry Hausman. John Herman, absent,

sick, at

muster out. Philip Horn. William Hunt.

Charles H. Holy.

Lewis Hopper.

12, 1862.

William Kratzer.

Tilghman Keinert. /John Kuhns.

James Kline,

James Frietz. James Fucherty.

Evan Holben.

Kramer.

Alexander Kepple, James S, Kuder.

1862.

Charles Frantz.

Charles Frick.

'

to lat sergt.

1863.

Moses L. Shaadt, corp., disch. on surg. certif. Dec. William Shaffer, pro. to musician Dec. 15, 1862.

J.

Jr.,

2,

at Suffolk, Va., Dec. 18, 1862.

Peter Weaver, must, in Dec.

1863.

Alfred T. Bernhard, Corp., disch. on surg.

Samuel

June

Daniel Taylor, must, in Dec. 12, 1862.

pro. to corp. Dec. 8, 1862.

Steyer, pro. to corp.

Samuel Roth,

certif.

Madison Strauss.

Uriah B. Sanders, pro. to corp, March 1, 1863. Milton J. Guth, pro. to corp. March 1, 1863.

Edward

Lewis H. Sell, must, in Dec. 12, 1862. Lewis H. Schaller, Jeremiah Speigle, disch. by Special Order Nov. 24, 1862. Esekias Wisser, disch. by Special Order Nov. 22, 1862. Charles Smith, must, in Dec, 12, 1862; diacb. on surg.

Henry Shular, died

Allen J. Troxell, pro. to corp, June

John Lehman,

Joel Steiner.

1863.

lieut.

William Kerr, 1st sergt., pro. from Corp. Nov. 25, 1862. Franklin C. Balliet, sergt. Jacob B. Wesley, sergt., pro. from corp. May 6, 1863. B, Frank Abbott, pro. to corp. Dec. 24, 1862; to sergt. Feb. 28, 1863. Solomon B. Bitter, sergt., pro. from corp. Dec. 8, 1862. Aquilla Knauss, sergt., disch. by Special Order Nov. 24, 1862. Aaron Beisel, sergt., died at Beaufort, S. C, May 5, 1863. John A. Long, sergt. Tilghman Beisel, pro. to corp. Nov. 20, 1862.

John Fahringer,

Joseph N, liuch.

May 11, 1863.

Edwin J. Sell. Evan Strauss.

1862; mustered out Aug. 18, 1863, except -where otherwise mentioned.

John L. Culbertson, 2d

disch.

Abraham

by Special Order Nov. 26, 1862. Alfred Sturk, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Tilghman Schwartz, died at Beaufort, S. C, May 14, 1863. Heury Shaffer. Tilghman Wetzel. David Steward.

Mustered in Nov.

Eliaa Laser,

by Special Order Nov. 22, 1862. Levi Levan. Solomon Miller. Andrew Loughridge. Nathan Muthard. Alfrom Moyer. William J. Minnich. Adam Miller. Franklin Miller.

Charles Smelsley.

AmanduB Stephens,

99

must, in Dec.

12, 1862.

by Special Order Nov.

22, 1862.

Nathan Hauser,

disch.

by Special Order Nov. 23, 1862. sick, at muster out. Jacob Kromer.

Stephen Kechline, absent, RenaduB Kleckner.

Louis C. Kratzer. Charles L. Koch, com. capt.

May

1,

1863

;

not mustered.

22, 1863.

May

1,

HI&TOKY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

100 John

Kiffel.

Jacob Koppel.

Henry Laner.

Ephraim Moyer,

John Link.

Frederick Miller.

by Special Order, date unknown. George M. Pilgard. Moaes Ran.

diach.

Washington Miller. Israel Rumfeldt. John McFarland. Willoughby Rickert. John 0. Newcomer. Edward Reichard, disch. by Special Order, date unknown,

Isaac Laub.

David Lauchner, disch. by Special Order Nov. 28, 1862. George Loeb. Charles W. Miller. John Martin. Abraham Miller,

William Merkley.

Peter Miller.

Martin Seibert,

William Shielda.

Alfred Miller.

Nathaniel Moll.

Joseph Somsreither.

John

Jesse Shoemaker.

Daniel Shoemaker.

Tilghman Scholl. John Scbleifer. Gideon Snable.

Michael Stoneback. Joseph Unkle.

Gideon Moyer, diach. by Special Order Nov. 28, 1862. Isaac R. Moyer, disch. on surg. certif. March 7, 1863. Charles Menningle. Patrick Nugent. Adam Miller. Edmund Newhard. Kobart Newhard. Henry Oisander. Samuel Oldt, diach, on surg. certif. June 13, 1863. Herman Peter. Solomon J. Rawe. Jacob Roth. Willoughby Peter.

Tilghman Weil.

Henry Sell, Reuben Sell.

Joseph Protzellen,

Allen Roth.

Amandus Reinert. Henry Scbaffer.

Frederick Schermer.

Jonas Shaffer. Samuel Smith. Henry Weichter, disch. by Special Benjamin Wagner, disch. on surg.

Matthew Schwerer.

William D. Weaver.

Lewis Scheirer.

Israel

Schmoyer. Moses Semmel.

Henry Young.

Thomas

Scheirer.

Franklin B. Snyder, com. 2d

lieut.

May

1,

1863

;

Philip Siegel.

Tilghman Smith.

William Smith.

Philip Storm.

W.

Milton

Snyder, died at Beaufort,

Adam

C, May 27, 1863. Edwin Trivily.

S.

1862

capt., died at Beaufort, S.

G.

1862; mustered out Aug. 18, 1863, unless where otherwise mentioned.

capt.

William H. Kuntz,

18, 1863, unless

otherwise mentioned.

Tilghman Schleiker,

7,

Ist sergt.

C, July

;

pro. from corp. Dec.

9,

1863.

Peter Graybill, 1st lieut.

Henry H. Wierbach, 2d lieut. Larus Koch, 1st sergt., pro. from corp. Feb, 16, 1863. John Hohe, lat sergt., died at Fortress Monroe, Va., Feb. 16, John Albright, sergt. Charles Hohe, sergt.

Nov. 20, 1862. Gideon Lentz, sergt., pro. from private Nov. 30, 1862. John R. Reichard, sergt., disch. by Special Order Nov. 20, 1862. Benneville Roth, sergt., disch. by Special Order Nov. 18, 1862. Lewis D. Steckel, sergt., pro. to qr.-mr. sergt. Dec. 6, 1862.

W. 1863.

sergt.

F. Osenbach, sergt,, must, in Nov. 12, 1862; pro. from private

F.

Newhard,

Benneville Stehley, corp.

corp.

Michael Klein, pro. to corp. Nov. 20, 1862. Jeremiah Oswald, corp. William Fisher, must, in Nov. 12, 1862 pro. to corp. Dec. 6, 1862. Jeremiah M. Deibert, must, in Nov. 12, 1862 pro. to coi-p. Nov. 20, 1862, John W. George, must, in Nov. 12, 1862, pro. to corp. Dec. 10, 1862. ;

Henry

Schleiker, sergt.

;

Charles Rockel, sergt., pro. from private Nov. 18, 1862.

Samufl Furry, Joel

W.

sergt., disch.

Roth, Corp.

by Special Order, date unknown. Lucus Baumer, corp.

William Ziegler, corp. William Hohe, corp.

Henry

Charles H. Ziegenfuss, corp.

Billiard, pro. to corp.

corp., disch.

Alfred Butz.

Charles Breisher.

Hiram Burger. James Carroll. Henry Chron. John Derr. Edward Dallas. Francis Dimmel. Willoughby Egner, died J.

Feustermacher.

Franklin Fritzinger.

Samuel

S.

Faust.

Charles Furgeson.

Privates.

by Special Order, date unknown.

Joseph Bersheig. Peter Baer, dtsch. by Special Order Nov. 20, 1862. Peter Benner, diach. by Special Order Nov. 20, 1862.

William Best.

John Bergland. Johu Boyd. William Brown. James Grader,

Charles E. Clader, must, in Nov. 12,1862.

John Deibert. Solomon Deibert,

Lewis DeiUert. by Special Order Nov. 12, 1862. Henry Dorwart, disch. by Special Order Nov. 18, 1862. disch.

David Ebrig. Henry Ehe,

Benueville Eisenhart.

John Fisher.

Charles Frantz.

Frederick Frahlic.

Nathan Ebert.

John Gensenleiier.

William Ebert. Stephen Ebert. at Hilton Head, S. C, March Franklin Finey.

Carl Halier, must, in Nov. 14, Nicholas Helm. 1,

1863.

isr.2.

Jeremiah Kershner. diaries

Daniel Keiser.

Henry Kern. James Krauae.

Levi E. Kistler.

Edwin Geroert. Edward Garlicli.

Kunsman, must,

in

Nov.

12, 1862.

Peter Kuntz.

Alfred George.

William 0. Hartman, died at Hilton Head, S. C, Aug. John Hower, diach. by Special Order, date unknown. George M. Hoffman. Adam Klauss. John Hartman. John A. Knerr. George D. King. Jacob Hopper.

James Johnson.

Everett, corp.

John Handwerk, corp., disch. by Special Order Nov. 20, 1862. Benjamin Rockel, corp., disch. by Special Order Nov. 20, 1862.

David Buchman.

Privates.

Frederick Binder.

Adam

Nov. 18,1862.

Christian Nenchler, corp.

John W. Albright,

Owen Kern, 10, 1863.

Edward Klauss.

disch.

by Special Order Nov.

18, 1862.

Nathan Kennel, diach. on surg. certif. May 8, 1862. Andrew Kratzer, died at Hilton Head, S. 0., July 18, William Kranse. Joseph T. Lwibenguth.

Henry J. Miller. Reuben Miller,

Adam

Isaac Kloiighertz, absent, sick, at muster out.

Reuben Mortz, disch. by William Morgan, pro. to Stephen Newhard. William Newhard.

Special Order Nov. 18, 1862.

Jonathan

by Special Order Nov.

Minich.

J. Paul, disch.

1863.

Lewis Leh. William Mensimer. Jeremiah Miller. William Montz.

Levi Knerr.

Samuel Kern, disch. by Special Order, date unknown. Frederick Martin. Reuben D. Long. David Mack, Paul Michael. Joseph W. Mohry. Samuel Mack.

6,

1862.

Edwin

mustered out Aug.

;

Nov.

Levi Oberholtzer, sergt., must, in Nov. 12, 1862

William Wilson. Joseph Tounkert.

11,

in

William G. Freymao,

Company E. Mustered in Nov.

June 2, 1863. Tilghman Young.

certif.

Joseph P. Cornett, 1st lieut. William F. Hecker, 2d lieut.

Trickert, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862.

Aaron Wenner. William Wright.

Mustered

Lewis P. Hecker,

Reuben Snyder. Frederick Scherer.

William R. Wimmer. Thomaa Widrig, Absalom Wierbach. Charles W. Weiss, Order, date unknown,

Company

not mustered.

Stieb.

Richmond Muthart. com.-aergt. Nov. 20, 1862.

Moses Peter. Levi Peter. 18, 1862.

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAK OF THE REBELLION. Tilgtimtin Rebert.

Mnna

Oyrus Richelderfer.

Ellas Both.

Joseph RicUert.

Oliver Roth.

A, Kockel.

Edwin Rex, disch. by Special Order Nov. 18, 1862. Beuben Roth, died at Beaufort, S. C, April 17, 1863. Henry H. Rex. Ephraim Schreiber.

Owen

101

Krauss.

Benjamin Kunkle, disch. by Special Order June 2, 1863. Stephen Leh. David Kistler. Edwin Koenig. Samuel Loch, died at Beaufort, S. C, April 27, 1863. Jacob Moser.

Ellas Schneck.

Harrison Simons.

Hilary Schneck.

Samuel Smith.

Jeremiah Schneck. Lewis Schneck.

Peter Snyder.

John Miller (1st), disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. John Miller (2d), disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Lewis Miller. Robert McDaniels, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862.

Josiah Steckel.

Daniel Ohlenwine, absent, sick, at muster out.

Charles Schneider.

Tilgbman Stehley.

Isaac Oswalt.

Wllloughby

Moaes Sensinger.

Schaflfer.

Henry W. Steibing. John Samuel, disch. by Henry Smith. John Witmer. Conrad

0. Wolf,

Special Order Nov. 18, 1862.

Matthias Winsch.

must, in Dec. 23, 1862

died at Hilton Head, S. C, Aug.

;

11, 1863.

Rupple. Charles F. Beed, died at Hilton He.ad,

Valentine Wright, absent, sick, at muster out.

William Wright, absent, sick, at muster out. Alfred Yehl, absent, sick, at muster out. Charles Yehl, absent, sick, at muster out. Samuel Yehl, absent, sick, at muster out. Joseph Yehl. Lewis Zerfass, disch. by Special Order Nov. 18, 1862.

Mustered

in

Nov.

Thomas Bucb, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Beuben Phillips, died at Beaufort, S. C, May 7, 1863.

Adam

Jonas Wright, absent, sick, at muster out.

Company

Jacob Oswalt, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Jonas Phillips, discb. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Benjamin Ranch, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Solomon Riegel, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862.

John

Henry

Company K.

lieut., pro.

from private Nov.

25, 1862,

25, 1862.

Charles Heil, sergt

Michael Bachert, pro. to corp. Feb. 14, 1863. Samuel Arnold, pro. to Corp. Jan. 13, 1863. Owen Grosscup, pro. to corp. Dec. 6, 1862.

Eugene

by

T. Tool,

,

died at Beaufort,

promoted

Henry Bower, promoted

S.

C, May

11, 1863.

to Corp. Dec. 7, 1862.

to corp. Dec. 7, 1862.

George Knoll, promoted to corp. Dec. 7, 1862. Eobert Gro^vman, promoted to corp. Dec 7, 1862. John Dice, Corp., disch. by Special Order November, 1882.

William Williams, corp. Privates.

Jonathan H. Bickel. Martin Ackerman. John Brecht. William E. Benedict. Benjamin Bortz, disch. by Special Order November, 1862. Bernhard Beringer. Wllloughby Bander.

Charles Smith, corp. Ellas Herber, musician. disch.

18, 1863, unless

John F. Fegely, corp. William M. Boeder, corp. Wllloughby Standt, promoted to corp. Dec. 7, 1862. Thomas F. Mohr, promoted to corp. Dec. 7, 1862.

Lewis Scbultz, pro. to corp. Dec. 6, 1862. Reuben Dauber, pro. to Corp. Dec. 6, 1862. Dennis Northstein, pro. to Corp. Dec. 6, 1862. Levinus Smith, Corp., disch. by Special Order June 13, 1863. Levi S. FoUweiler, Corp., disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Thomas Eveiett, corp., disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Beuben Hunsicker, corp., disch. by Special Order Nov. 26, 1862. Daniel Baohmau, corp., died at Hilton Head, S. C, Feb. 14, 1863.

John Shappell, Corp. Jacob K. Hartman, Corp. Samuel Follweiler, musician;

;

George Eepp, sergt. George G. Eosenberg, sergt., promoted from Corp. Deo. 7, 1862. William H. Wieand, sergt. Daniel Schantz, sergt., disch. by Special Order November, 1862. James F. Smith, sergt., disch. by Special Order November, 1862.

Daniel Moose, sergt., pro. from private Nov. 25, 1862. Manasses Behler, sergt., disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862.

David Horn, sergt., disch. by Special Order Nov. David Wertman, corp. Samuel Sechler, pro. to corp. Dec. 6, 1862.

mustered out Aug. otherwise mentioned.

1862

0. Lee, capt., disch. Nov. 26, 1862. George Neitz, capt., promoted from 2d lieut. Nov. 7, 1862. Charles H. Foster, 1st lieut. 1862. Philip W. Flores, 2d lieut., promoted from 1st sergt. Dec. 6, Edwin Seibert, 1st sergt., promoted from private Dec. 7, 1862.

B. Creitz, sergt. sergt., pro.

7,

Samuel

Gassier, 1st sergt., pro.

Levi F. StiegerwaU,

Solomon Zettlemoyer.

Mustered in Nov.

from sergt. Dec. 6, 1862. from private Nov. 25, 1862. Amandus Hermany, 1st sergt., disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Stephen Stiegerwalt, 1st sergt., pro. from private Nov. 25, 1862. K.

Elias Zellner.

Charles Winderholder.

Alvin F. Creitz, capt., disch. Nov. 26, 1862. Lewis Hermany, capt., pro. from 1st lieut. Nov. 8-, 1862. Wm. G. Grosscup, 1st lieut., pro. from 2d lieut. Nov, 8, 1862.

Wm.

23, 1863.

C, May 28, 1863. Benjamin Weida.

Henry Schwom. Henry Sizelove.

otherwise mentioned.

Allen Xander, 2d

C, July

F. Snyder, died at Beaufort, S.

William Sicks. I.

1862; mustered out Aug. 18, 1863, unless where

8,

S.

Jacob Schoedler. Harry Snyder, disch. by Special Order June 2, 1863. Benovelle Smith, disch. by Special Order Nov. 26, 1862. Daniel Smith, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Samuel Wagoner, disch. by Special Order Nov. 2B, 1862.

Special Order Dec. 25, 1862.

Eberhard Bander.

Privates.

by Special Order November,

1862.

Thomas Braucher.

Anthony Coleman.

Elias Dihl, disch.

Daniel Blllig.

Daniel B, Creitz.

Josiah Deny, disch. by Special Order November, 1862.

Henry BiUig.

Wllloughby Camp. John Camp.

Jacob Brobst. C. Druckenmiller.

William Dony, disch. on surg. Wllloughby Dony. Franklin Dieter.

certif.

June

2, 1863.

Franklin Flores. Jonas Fritz.

Solomon

Fritz.

Charles Deppe, disch. by Special Order June 2, 1863. Joseph Dengler, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862.

William Bttinger. David Fisher.

Everett, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Daniel Everett, disch. by Special Order Nov. 25, 1862. Jonas Grim, disch. by Special Order Nov. 26, 1862.

Charles Furry, disch. by Special Order November, 1862. John A. Griffeth. Enoch Field.

Charles J. Fegely, disch. by Special Order November, 1862.

Edward

Joseph Hausmaii, disch. by Special Order Nov. 26, 1862. Henry Hartrantt, disch. by Special Order June 2,1863.

William Eckroth.

William Freed.

Joseph Handwerk. Levi Greenawalt. 1863. Daniel Heintzelman, died at Hilton Head, S. C, July26,

William Henninger. Jefferson Kuukle.

Edwin Hermany. Samuel Knecht.

I

Addison Fry.

Tobias Gerhart.

Eli George.

Daniel Heimbach.

David Gery. William Heft, disch. by Special Order November, 1862. Richard T. Jone.i, disch. by Special Order November, 1862. Solomon Haliman, disch. on surg. certif. Jan. 29, 1863. William Knoll. William Heil.

where

HISTORY OP LEIHGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

102 William Jonos,

Joseph Koons.

-^

party of the

John Knoff, diech. bj Special Order November, 1862. David Krieboll, diach. by Special Order November, 1862. James Kidd, G. Laudenscblager. John Lewis, disch. by Special Order November, 1862. S.

Leibensperger, died at Beaufort,

Henry

S.

C, April

men

ber of his

iBaac Klein.

killed

On the 10th a in throwing a train of

and wounded.

enemy succeeded

cars from the track while

running

at full speed,

kill-

ing four or five and wounding twenty.

with

this,

12, 1863.

Not content they poured repeated volleys upon the poor

sufferers in the wreck.

Molir.

Upon

hearing of

this outrage

Jesse Mangold, disch. by Special Order November, 1862.

Col. Albright hastened to the scene of the disaster

Amos

and immediately ordered that every building within the radius of one mile of the wreck should be burned.

Miller, disch. by Special Order

November,

1862.

Seth Miller, disch. by Special Order November, 1862.

John T. Koberts, Solomon Mill. Michael

disch. by Special Order

Niiss.

Gottlieb Pfluger.

Lewis Keinbold. S.

November,

1862.

Amandus Kick,

To secure

David Rudolph. William H. Sohiffert. William Sicher.

all

Rothenberger.

Levi Schuler.

George Schmoyer. Charles H. Standi. Jeremiah Swartz.

service

Col. Albright says, "

The soldiers would have prebeing with the army at the front to doing this

1862.

ferred

1862.

Guarding railroads

duty.

is

always

distasteful to

they being in constant danger and without any opportunity, scarcely, of winning honorable dissoldiers,

William B. Williams.

tinction. But they appreciated the necessity of the work and cheerfully performed it." " Constant activity and vigilance," says another officer, " were

John Wolf.

required,

John Trumbower. Edwin Weil.

Schaffer.

prisoners, and

In speaking of this part of the

disturbed.

Jacob D. Stauffer, disch. by Special Order November, 1862. George T.. Stein, disch. by Special Order November, 1862. Jeremiah G. Steichter, disch. by Special Order November, 1862. Daniel Thomas, disch. by Special Order November, 1862. Franklin Weidner, disch. by Special Order November, 1862.

Samuel

made

some of them made to accompany each train. This had the desired effect, and the trains were no more

Francis SchalTer, disch. by Special Order November, 1862. Charles Schell, disch. by Special Order November, 1862.

John D. Schell, disch. by Special Order November, Nathan Seibert, disch. by Special Order November,

trains against similar disaster in the future

the prominent rebels were

for

guerrilla bands,

in our uniforms, constantly

frequently disguised

prowled about the

coun-

attacking detachments inferior to them in numbers and, like the stealthy Indian of the Western frontier, creeping upon our sentries and assassinating try,

Two Hundred and Second Regiment Service).

— Company

E

(One Year's of this regiment, which was

fall of 1864, went from Lehigh County. was recruited in Carbon County B, in Juniata C, in Adams D, in Northumberland and Cumberland; F, in Northampton; G and H, in Cumberland; I, in Union; and K, in Huntington.

raised in the

Company

A

;

;

;

They rendezvoused

at

Camp

Curtin,

Harrisburg,

where the regiment was organized September with the following

3d,

Charles Albright, of Carbon County, colonel; John A. Maus, of Union County, lieutenant-colonel Walter H. Seip, of Lefield-officers

:

;

high County, major. On the 10th the regiment proceeded to Camp Couch, near Chambersburg, where it was subjected to thorough drill. On the 29th the regiment started for Alexandria, from which place it

was sent by Gen. Slough, who commanded the on the Manassas Gap Eailroad, taking

to duty

tion along the road from Thoroughfare

tortown.

campaign

in

the Shenandoah Valley,

To keep

who claimed

ing-ground. harassing.

immediately

this as their favorite

stampThis duty was exceedingly arduous and

If a soldier went outside the lines he was set

workmen and upon other duty. In a communication sent on the 1st of January, 1865, as a New-Year's greeting to the regiment by Gen. Gamble, in comedgment of

road the supplies for his army were it open was therefore of vital importance, and to break it up and hinder and destroy trains was a cherished purpose of the disloyal inhabitants dwelling along the line, and of Moseby and his guerrillas,

vicinity of the station four large works were built, and the regiment was here kept busy in guarding the

mand

this

transported.

was abandoned, and the ties and rails were removed to Alexandria. In this laborious duty the regiment was engaged, and when completed it retired to Alexandria, where it was assigned to the duty of guarding a portion of the Orange and Alexandria Eailroad, extending from Bull Eun to Alexandria, with headquarters at Fairfax Station. In the

posi-

to

upon, and either murdered or sent

away into captivity. Frequent collisions occurred, in some of which the skirmishing was brisk, those at Salem on the 8th and 16th resulting in some loss. In both of these the enemy was driven and a num-

the triumphs of Sheridan in the valand the enemy effectually routed,

this railroad

post,

EecGen. Sheridan had just previously opened

his brilliant

and over

Gap

When

them."

ley were assured,

of the brigade, occurs the following acknowl-

ties of its

its

good conduct and the

commander

:

"

soldierly quali-

From my personal knowledge,

and the report of the inspecting officer, I consider it my duty to return you my thanks for your energy and personal attention to the duties and interests of your command. You have a good regiment, and I

am

glad to

head of

know

the right kind of a colonel

is

at the

it."

Toward the close of May, 1865, the regiment was ordered to Philadelphia, where it reported to Gen. Cadwalader, and was sent by him to the anthracite coal regions of the State. Headquarters of the regiment were established at Tamaqua,and the command was distributed in detachments to various points in that region.

Col. Albright, who had been previously brevetted brigadier, was placed in command of the district. Toward the close of July the detachments

^

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OP THE REBELLION. assembled in Harrisburg, and on the 3d of August the regiment was mustered out of service.

TWO HUNDRED AND SECOND EEQIMENT E.

mustered out Aug. specially mentioned.

Walter H. Seip,

1865, except where

8,

;

certif.

Alfred Mellin, 2d lieut., pro. from Ist sergt. April 16, 1865. Alfred Smith, 1st sergt., pro. from sergt. April 16, 1865.

Bermuda Hundred. Potter,

to Corp.

June

Thomas Roth, musician.

midway between the James and AppomatSoon after taking position, Capt. John B. Landis, with three lieutenants and one hundred and thirteen men, was detached from the regiment and

May

assigned to duty in garrisoning redoubt Carpenter, on Company and battalion

the left bank of the James.

Privates.

was here prosecuted with what success it was poswith a large proportion of the command almost constantly on exhausting duty on picket and in garrison, and by great diligence and efficiency on the part of its officers it attained a good degree of discipline. During the engagement at Chapin's Farm, or Fort

Henry H. Brown.

Jeremiah Biery.

drill

Allen D. Burger.

Henry Henry

sible,

E. Burger.

J. Burger. Jacob H. Burger. Augustus S. Bechtel. George S. Burger. William H. Boeker. Jeremiah Beidelman. J. Bartholomew. Franklin Brohst, must, in March 7, 1865. Thomas Baker, disch. by General Order June 19, 1865.

Henry W. Derr. Frank Ernst.

Coles.

Franklin Boyle. Lewis Fluch, must, in Feb.

Giess.

David Gackenbach. John Gorman. Albert Herman, must, in March

Edwin

C. He«3,

Adam Koch. James Kern. Willoughby G. Kuhns. Edwin Kneehel. William S. Knauss. John Keiffer. Levi Kraft.

Henry A. Knerr. Aaron Moyer, David

M

.

/

John Nagel,

Sr.

S.

C. Smith.

John

Schitz.

F. Shaffer, disch.

Shaffer.

Edwin Edwin

Troxell. 0. Troxell.

S. Trumbower. Depeu Uberoth,

Joseph

Jr.

William W. Osman.

Hiram Parker.

Nagel.

Joel Sterner.

Hiram

Lehman.

David Miller. Lewis Miller. by General Order Aug. 5, 1865.

Emanuel Eeinhard. Henry

Jesse

Harrison Miller.

John Petit, must, in Feb. William Eeinhard. Lewis F. Ruff. William F. Eeinhard.

Augustus

Charles Lick.

William A. Lynn. James C. Moore. Nathan Miller.

P. Nagel.

Theodore

Uriah Keek. William H. Lentz.

disch. Miller, died at Alexandria, Va., Oct. 22, 1864, grave 2791.

John Nagel,

Amon

the night of the 17th of November the enemyattack upon the picket line in considerable force. Col. Kauffman, who was division officer of the day, Capt. Henry Lee, and Lieut. Thomas J.

Henry Kleckner. James J. Kunkle.

/ /

was captured.

fort

Moses Hoffman. Charles R. Hartman. 4, 1865.

/

The real his flank was about to be delivered. charge upon the front was heroically made, and the

Amandes Hackman.

must, in Jan. 28, 1865.

Franklin J. Kroraer. William Kiefler. Harrison S. Kern. Anthony Kleinamith.

Harrison, the regiment was ordered upon the parapet, creating the impression upon the enemy that a charge

upon

28, 1865.

William Fusselman, died at Baltimore, Md., Oct. 7, 1864. Nathan Gaumer. John D. Gangwere.

Amos

remained two weeks, and was then left of Fort

Harrison,

23, 1865.

accidentally killed at Washington, B.C.,

Fatzinger, musician.

Madison

it

tox Rivers.

28, 1855. I.

where

up the James River, landed at It was placed in camp at Camp

posted upon the advanced line to the

Milton

Eli

organizations, the experience thereby gained proving

front, and, passing

Jeremiah Transue, sergt. William H. H. Trexler, sergt. Henry Weiand, sergt. John Knerr, sergt., pro. from Corp. June 23, 1865. Eugene Stettler, corp. George Benson, corp. Miltou Kichline, corp. Henry Wittenmyer, corp. Addison J. Knauss, corp. Aaron Frederick, Corp.

C Laudenschlager, corp.,

was organized at Camp Curtin on the 16th of September, 1864, by the choice of the following field-officers Tobias B. Kauffman, formerly major of the First Reserve Regiment, colonel George W. Frederick, lieutenant-colonel John L. Ritchejr, major. A considerable number of oflBcers and men had served in other of great advantage in disciplining the raw recruits. Immediately after its organization it moved for the

1865.

W. Reichard, corp. Augustus W. Mennig, corp., pro.

regi-

from Lehigh County,

;

;

4,

H was

;

capt., pro. to maj. Sept. 4, 1864.

Benjamin C. Both, capt., pro. from Ist lieut. Sept. 4, 1864. James A. Lucas, Ist lieut., pro. from 2d lieut. Sept. 4, 1864. George H. Good, 2d lieut., must, in Sept. 4, 1864 disch. on surg. April

Company

:

Company Mustered in Aug. 30, 1864

(ono year's service).

Two Hundred and Ninth Regiment.—This ment, of which

103

23, 1865.

Herman

B. Stettler.

Frederick Saxenheimer. Franklin P. Smith.

Jacob W. Strickler. Milton A, Saeger. Jacob A. Smith.

Edwin Schertzinger. by General Order June 19, 1865. John Vogel. George J. Wolf. John Young. Harrison Young.

On

made an

Hendricks, with nineteen men, fell into the enemy's hands, and were held as prisoners until near the close of the war. The troops upon the main line were ordered out, and the attack was handsomely repulsed.

In addition to the loss by capture, one man was killed and two were wounded. On the 24th the regiment was transferred, with other Pennsylvania regiments with which it had been brigaded, from the Army of the James to the Army of the Potomac. It was assigned to duty with the Ninth Corps, and was soon after brigaded with the Two Hundredth and Two

Hundred and Eighth Pennsylvania Regiments, forming the First Brigade, Col. Charles W. Diven commanding, of the Third Division. The regiment was encamped on the commanding ground near Meade Station, the division, which was in command of Gen. Hartranft, being posted as a reserve to the other two During the winter the regiment was endivisions. gaged in drill, in fatigue duty upon fortifications, and

and was out upon occaupon the left. At a little before daylight, on the morning of the 25th of March, 1865, the regiment was aroused by

in the construction of roads, sional demonstrations

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

104

its front, and it was soon apparent that the lines, which were held by Gen. Wilcox's division, had been broken, and Fort Steadman, which was in its immediate front, and which, by daylight, was in full view, had been captured. Gen. Wilcox, whose directions, in case of an emer-

rapid and heavy firing in

gency, the regiment was instructed to obey, had ordered it under arms, and in motion for the protection

At

of his threatened rear.

this juncture

Gen. Hart-

and assumed personal supervision of his command. While the Two Hundred and Eighth was moving upon the extreme left of the break, and Hartranft personally was moving with the Two Hundreth upon the right front, the Two Hundred and Ninth was sent down a ravine, where it was under partial shelter, to come in upon the right, where it was joined by two skeleton regiments from Michigan, the Second and Seventeenth. " I had scarcely got my regiment in position," says ranft appeared on the ground,

Lieut.-Col. Frederick, in his official report,

me that

the same aid informed

it

"when

was Gen. Hartranft's

order that I should immediately, with the

dredth Pennsylvania, charge the

hill

in

my

in

it

to the front of Fort Sedg-

column of regiments, just

side the picket line, as a reserve to the

Second

in-

Brigade,

which was formed in a similar manner outside. At four o'clock the signal to advance was given, and the regiment moved at double-quick, following closely the column.

At the picket

line there

was a momentary

check, occasioned by meeting numbers who came running back, and reporting a repulse. These were

quickly rallied, and the

command

again went

for-

came upon the open space in front of the rebel works it was exposed to a fearful fire of infantry and artillery, but, without faltering, it pressed forward and gained the hostile front, capturing many prisoners, and turning the guns of the fort and batteries upon the enemy. In common with the division, ward.

it

As

it

succeeded in holding the captured

line,

pressed by the rebels, nettled at their

though hard

loss.

At

night

was thrown out, the enemy's chevaux-de-frise being moved to the opposite side of his works. The command was early astir, and at daylight the pickets cautiously advanced. They soon found that the enemy had gone, and when the columns, which were immediately put in motion, reached the city of Petersburg, they found that also abandoned. The Two Hundred and Ninth was sent to the left, to communicate with troops of the Sixth Corps. After remaining in and about the city until noon, the regiment returned to camp. The loss in the engagement was seven killed and fifty-two wounded. Capt. James P.

.

preparing, as I supposed, to charge.

mediately ordered

my

they were the

colors planted on the works.

first

it

niy front,

I imregiment to charge likewise, and forward we went, not an officer nor a man halting or faltering until our advance line was gained and our colors were planted on the works. I am satisfied that left,

hours later he led

wick, and formed

the firing gradually died away, and a heavy picket

ment, we again advanced, gaining a ditch near the hill occupied by the enemy. Here we were shelled from both front and rear. We remained in the ditch some time, when, noticing the enemy retreating, we poured into them a murderous fire, which was continued until I saw the Two Hundredth, which was on .

Two

Two Hun-

which was then held by the enemy. I at once gave the order to charge, and the regiment moved forward under a very heavy fire of musketry and artillery, gaining a line of works running across the open field, over which we were advancing. Halting for a mo-

.

morning of the 2d of April. Lieut.-Col. McCall, who the brigade, massed his force, by order of Gen. Hartranft, near the Avery House at one A.m.

commanded

My

line

McCullough was among the killed, Maj. Eitchey and Lieuts. Henry A. Bigler and Baltzer Shugar among the wounded. The division was now ordered to take charge of the army trains, and moved with them along the South Side Railroad, repairing the track as it went, until it reached Nottoway Court-House, where

and men all did their duty so well that it would seem invidious to make any distinctions. A considerable number of prisoners were sent to the rear, estimated at thi-ee hundred and fifty." The loss in the engagement was five killed and fifty wounded.

was halted, and where the regiment remained until army having surrendered on the 9th. From here it returned to City Point, and thence to Alexandria, where it went into camp, and was held

In a general order issued after the

ferred to the Fifty-first Pennsylvania, and the rest of

officers

.

.

.

Gen. Parke, who commanded the Ninth Corps, says, " The MajorGenera! commanding congratulates the corps on this auspicious result. It will be a source of pride to him and them that so heavy and desperate an attack upon their lines was repelled by them before the arrival of the supports promptly and cordially furnished from the other corps.

The

battle,

it

the 20tb, the rebel

until the 31st of

May, when the

recruits were trans-

the regiment was mustered out of service.

TWO HUNDRED AND NINTH REGIMENT Company Mastered out

May

31, 1865,

(Oae Year's

Service).

II.

except as specially mentioned,

WiUinm

H. Miller, capt., must, in Sept. 14, 1864 disch. March 26, 1865. William Kerr, capt., must, in Sept. 14, 1864 pro. from 1st lieut. April 15, ;

;

gallantry and steadiness of the

troops engaged, which so brilliantly retrieved a momentary disaster, and converted it into a victory, merit and receive his warmest commendation and gratitude."

Preparations were made for a determined assault on the enemy's works, by the division, at daylight on the

1865.

Lewis Fink,

1st lieut.,

must, in Sept. 16, 1864; pro. from 2d

liout. April

15, 1865.

David B. Overholt, 2d

lieut.,

must, in Sept. 19, 1864; pro. from Islsergt.

April 16, 1866. Albert Dorward, 1st sergt., must, in Sept.

9,

1864

;

pro. from sergt. April

15, 1805.

William Morton, Jr., sergt., must, in Sept. 3, 1864; wounded at Tort Steadman, Va., March 25, 1865; absent, in hospital, at muster out.

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. John

1864; pro. from corp. April 3, 1865. must, iu Sept. 9, 1864; pro. from corp. April

Liitz, sergt., nuist in Sept. 3,

William H. Keener, 3,

sergt.,

1865.

"William Mnx-slmll, sergt., must, in Sept.

Cornelius Fagen, sorgt., must, in Sept.

9, 1864.

3,

1864; died at City Point, Va.,

A. 0. Frankenfield, corp., must, in Sept.

Tilghman

J.

William Nicholas, must, in Sept. 8, 1864 not on muster-out roll. William L. Nagle, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. Robert Newhart, must, in Sept. 3, 1864; not on muster-out roll. ;

Elihu Oswald, must, in Sept.

3, 1864.

Peter Oswald, must, in Sept.

3,

Robert Ohle, must,

April 10, 1865.

Wagner,

corp.,

must, in Sept.

Emanuel

3, 1864.

Penrose Rex, corp., must, in Sept. 9,1864. James W. Snyder, Corp., must, in Sept. 3, 1864.

William S. Coffin, corp., must, in Sept. Levi Ziegeufuss, corp., must, in Sept.

3,

3,

1864.

in Sept. 14, 1804

;

wounded

at Petersburg, Va., April

2,1865; absent, in hospital, at muster out,

1864.

3,

105

3,

Paulea, must, in Sept.

3,

1804; disch. by General Order June

1865.

Joseph Rex, must, in Sept.

3, lsr">4,

Francis Robenold,mii8t. in Sept. 3,1864.

1864.

1864; pro. to corp.

March

1,

Samuel Roth, must,

in

Aug.

29, 1864.

Alfred Hitter, must, in Aug. 29, 1864.

1865.

Paul Michael, corp., must, in Sept. 18, 1S64; pro. to corp. April 3, 1865. Lewis C. Krotzer, corp., must, in Sept. 3, 1864; pro. to corp. April 19. 1865.

William Buhe, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. Robert F. Roberts, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. William E. Rex, must, in Sept. 7, 1864; disch. by General Order July 13, 1865.

Thomas H. Arnold, must,

Edwin Rex, must,

in Aug. 29, 1864.

Joseph Arnold, must, in Aug. 29, 1864. Moses AUender, must, in Sept. 6, 1864.

Keuben Brader, must,

in Sept.

6,

1864.

George W. Blocker, must, in Aug. 29, 1864. Wilson Beninger, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. Jacob W. Christ, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. William P. H. Clark, must, in Sept. 8, 1864; died March 25,1865; buried in National Cemetery, City Point, Va., Sec. 2, Div. 2, grave 159. John Darrohn, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. Francis Devlin, must, in Sept. 17, 1864; not on muster-out roll.

William J. Edwards, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. C. F. Engleman, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. Milton A.Eckert, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. 0. H. C. Fallweiler, must, in Sept. 3, 1864.

roll.

Sept. 7, 1864.

B. Clemens

7, 1864.

1864.

Albert Kleckner, must, in Aug. 31, 1864.

Jacob Koch, must, in Aug. 29, 1864. Hiram M, Kratxer, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. Samuel Keiffer, must, in Sept. 3, 1864 not on muster-out ;

Jonathan

W.

Klotz, must, in Sept.

3,

received at Fort Steadman, Va.,

1864; died

March

March

roll.

2Sth, of

wounds

;

3,

1864.

Jonas Mace, must, in Sept.

3,

1864;

wounded

at Petersburg, Va., April

in

Aug.

FIFTH REGIMENT MILITIA OF

in Aug. 31,1864; died

of

Mary-

1662.

Field and Staff Officers. Special Order dated Jan.

Henry

13. 1866.

Amandes Moyer, must,

The Governor

and took their stand beside the Maryland brigade shows that the border is but an ideal line.''

29, 1864.

Ephraim Michael, must, in Sept. 14, 1864. Henry Myers, must, in Sept. 6, 1864; disch. by

:

land, in his closing address to Governor Curtin, said, " The readiness with which they crossed the border

2,1865; absent at muster out.

Moses Metzger, must,

as

following language (addressed afterward to Governor " The manner in which the people of Penn-

Curtin)

influence on the enemy."

3, 1864.

in Sept.

Edwin Loch, must,

M. H. Horn

sylvania responded to your call and hastened to the defense of their frontier no doubt exercised a great

25, 1865.

James Kane, must, in Sept. 6, 1864 not on muster-out roll. James Kane, must, in Sept. 14,1864; not on muster-out roll. Henry Levan, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. John Lawrence, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. Cornelius Lentz, must, in Sept.

as lieutenant-colonel,

The regiE. D. Lawall as adjutant. ment went forward to the front, and with others received the compliments of Gen. McClellan in the major, and

iu Sept. 9, 1864. 3,

3, 1864.

formed into companies, but, rallying from points all along the railroads and from the back regions on the intimation that the border was in danger of invasion,^ went forward to Harrisburg en masse, and were there organized into companies and regiments. The Fifth Regiment was organized on the afternoon of September 13th, with H. C. Longnecker as colonel, J.

3, 1864.

Michael Herley, must, in Sept, 8, 1864; not on muster-out John W. Jones, must, in Aug. 29, 1864.

must, in Sept.

1864.

3,

MUitia of 1862— Fifth Regiment.—The Fiftli Regiment of the militia of 1862, as will be seen by the rosters which follow, had a goodly part of its strength from Lehigh County. The men were not

James N. Hersh, must, in Aug. 29, 1864. Aaron Handwerk, must, in Sept. 9, 1864. Hezekiah Hippie, must, in Sept. 6, 1864.

Josiali Klotz,

in Sept. 3, 1864.

Matthias Zimmerman, must, in Sept.

Anthony Gehrig, must, in Sept. 3, 1864, Tilghman Hartzell, must, in Sept. 1, 1864. Tilghman Handwerk, must, in Sept. 3, 1864.

/ Francis Kuutz, must,

11, 1865; buried in

National Cemetery, Arlington, Va.

Francis Weaver, must, in Sept.

William L. German, mu>t. in Sept. 3, 1864. William F. Griesley, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. Amandes Gernest, must in Aug. 29, 1864. Jeremiah Geiger, must, in Aug. 29, 1864.

Charles Krause, must, in Sept.

3, 1865.

Henry W. Sell, must, in Sept, 3, 1864. Simon Snyder, must, in Sept. 3, 1864; died May

Henry Weiss, must,

Jarrett Ferber, must, in Sept. 3, 1864.

John Kressler, must, in

;

David Y. WiUiamson, must, in Sept. 3, 1864, Henry W. Weiss, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. Thomas West, must, in Sept. 3, 1864.

John Ebert, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. John Eastman, must, in Sept. 3, 1864.

Charles H. Holey, must, in Sept.

in Sept. 7, 1864.

Lewis A. Rex, must, in Sept. 7, 1864. Irwin Rober, must, in Sept. 7, 18G4. Tilghman Rober, must, in Sept. 7, 1864. Amandes Roth, must, in Aug. 29, 1864 not on muster-out roll. John Snyder, must, in Sept. 3, 1864. Charles A. Shiffert,mu8t. in Sept. 3, 1864; disch. by General Order June

ton J. Kramer, quartermaster

in National Cemetery, City Point, Va., Sec. C, Div. 3, grave 65. Thomas Murry, must, in Sept. 10, 1864 ; not on muster-out roll. Samuel Mace, must, in Sept. 16, 1864; died at Alexandria, Va., May 27,

1865 grave 3175. Patrick McCann, must, in Sept. 6, 1864; not on muster-out roll. William H. McDonald, must, in Sept. 13, 1864; not on muster-out

C. Longneclcor, colonel; J. Breckenridge Clemens, lieutenant-

colonel; Melchoir Horn, major;

March 25,1865; buried

Culver, assistant surgeon

;

;

Edward

to roll.

La waU, adjutant; MilWilliam M. ;

Thomas Metzger, sergeant-major;

Elislia

The news tliat the State was in danger, and the call upon the people arm and prepare foi- defense, was conveyed over the State by Governor

1

;

D.

George Mish, surgeon

Curtin's proclamation of Sept,

4,

1862.

;

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

106

Company

Forre8t,quarterma8ter-sergeant; Jacob Wo]le,conitnissary-9ergeant-,

George

C.

C. lius

Benjamin

Hagenbach, first lieutenant; Benjamin K. Sweitzer, second lieutenant; William Keyser, first sargeant William Kress, Edwin Hittle, Simeon H. Price, sergeants Edward B. Toving, Tilgbman D. Kemeror, E. F. Powell, William Detch, Alfred Ettinger, John Stopp, E. B. Roth, Israel Tingling, ;

J.

;

corporals;

Edward

Shiffert,

musician.

Charles Arthur.

Daniel Keyser.

Charles Apple.

William Knauss. Francis Kramer. Stephen Lentz. William Lind,

William Basher. Jeremiah Beiry. Jeremiah Bied^lman. William Burnham. J. H. Burger.

Edward Lucas. Benjamin Lucas. Augustus Manning.

James Christ. Washington Christmau,

David Miller. Tilgbman Ozman.

Henry

Charles Present.

Bitting.

Cole.

Dennis Dieffenderfer. George Dieffer. Solomon Dorney. Milton Eckert.

Solomon Reinsmith. Walter Reinsmith,

Charles Egge.

Franklin Rinker.

Edward Y, Engleman.

James Bitter, Adolph Bosstaischer.

Charles Quier.

Charles Reinsmith.

Frederick Froutz.

Franklin Fried. Peter K. Grimm.

Joseph Rube. Uriah Sanders.

Amos Guth.

Henry Seagreaves.

Uriah Guth. Walter Getter. George Hagerbuch.

William H. Simons,

Peter Hartman. Joseph Hecker.

Paul Wald,

Henry Heckman. Henry Himbach.

Benjamin Weaver. Milton Weaver,

Solomon Helfrich. Simon Houk. Moses Kehm.

Francis Weidner.

Edwin

Strauss.

Charles Wagner.

Thomas Wenner.

Henry Weikle. John Weiss. Henry Wuchter. John 0, Yingling. Emanuel Yobe,

George Kauffman. Daniel Keiper. Gabriel Keiper.

Company E. William Marx, captain; Charles Mertz,

first

lieutenant; William H.

Wannemachor, second lieutenant; Thomas Kech. first sergeant; Charles J. Haines, Amandes A. Wagner, James Smith, Elisha Forrest, sergeants; Thomas Rube, Samuel B. Anewalt, Alfred J. Brenig] Joseph E. Balliet, Allen A. Huber, Henry Gangwere, Henry A,' Evans, Jacob Bloomer, corporals; Charles Mohr, musician. P)-ivates. J.

A. Aikens.

Frederick A. K. Baldwin.

John Bechtel. Jonathan Becker. Samuel Becker, John Bergland, James Caboon. Jacob

S,

Dillenger,

Conrad Emig. Jacob Goebel. William H. Hagenbuch.

John Hartzell. Solomon Hartzell.

Allen Mohr,

Allen Burger.

Samuel Miller. William Mohr.

Jacob Bast.

Tobias Mosser.

Matthew Bliche. James Beck, James S. Beiry,

James Nefi". Edwin H. Peter.

Jonathan Bear.

Tilgbman Daubert.

Charles Ruhe. Tilgbman Ruhe. John Ross. Tilgbman Reinhard.

Henry Daubert. Henry Dienner.

Henry Schwartz.

Edward

Charles Ricbter.

Clauss.

Benneville Cbristman.

Peter Reinhard.

Jacob Eckert.

Augustus Schitz. John H. Sykes.

Benneville Ecker.

Robert Fatzinger.

George Schafer.

Owen

Jacob Snyder.

Fatzinger,

Peter Fegley.

John Schneider.

AmanduB

Leonard Schmucker.

0. Greenawalt.

James Gernard. George Hand. Daniel Hood.

Henry

Schaeffer.

Stephen Smith, Charles Schaffer.

William Hertz. William Hintz.

Alfred Smith.

Reuben Schout. Edwin Troxell. Esaias Trumhour.

Hummel. Herman Haverly.

Isaac P.

William H. Kuder. Henry Kercher.

Jacob Wint.

Tobias Kersler.

Jesse

Tilgbman W. Kramer. Milton J. Kramer. James S. Kuder. William Leidensperger. Solomon Long.

Peter Y^der.

Charles Wolf.

Wombold. August Weber. Hezekiah Weiser.

Edwin Yeager.

Company H, William H. Hoffman, captain Franklin Steller, Heilman, second lieutenant; Henry Fried, ;

first

lieutenant; Abiel

fii-st

sergeant; Heory

Henry E. Ruhe, George W. Hoffman, sergeants; Franklin Trexler, Henry Trexler, Henry Schwartz, William Mininger,Owen Mertz, Benjamin Fleckner, Moses Schenck, Franklin Hersb, corporals Almon Nagle, Allen F. Barber, musicians. Eitter, D. J. F. Desbler,

;

Private^!.

Henry Bornman. Samuel Baum. Jacob Cleaver. George D. Deifer.

William Roth. Lewis W. Roth, William Rltter. William Rube. William Reinhard.

Charles Erdman.

Herman Schuon.

Peter Cortwright.

Morris Stemler. Daniel Shitz.

George Fried,

Edward

Tilgbman Fredericb.

John Sowers. Nathan Snyder. William Saussman. Reuben Steebel.

John Nunuemacher. Esaias Rerig.

William H, Roney. Warner Ruhe. Alfred G, Saeger,

Charles CSassnian, Miltou Sassman.

Edward

Richard Snyder.

Samuel Smith. George Teraberry. Willoughby Tuxler.

Edward Laubach. Edward D Lawall,

Peter Wanner,

Walter Losch.

Henry Worman.

Wilson Welder.

L.

Privates.

Alfred Adam.

Charles Everett.

R. Kissley.

ser-

Daniel Gilbert, Edwin Young, corporals; Francis Strochley, Joseph Moll, musicians. Pfeiffer,

Daniel H. Miller. Harrison Miller.

Beuneville Hine. 0, Heibar.

Wolle, George Engleman, Allen

Edwin Eisenbard.

S.

;

Fagan, James P. Roder, Franklin Beck, Allen Newbard

Eugene Master, Thomas B. Metzger.

David 0. Saylor. Peter Shutz.

Benjamin T, Jacoby. John Kraiise, Jr. William Laubach.

lieutenant; Sylvester sergeant Corne-

first

geants; Eliae Shingler, Charles Shout, Milton H. Beidler, Jacob R.

William Burger.

Pi'ivatea,

Henry

first

Weiler, second lieutenant; Allen P. Steckel,

Company Isaac N. Gregory, captain

G.

George B. SchoU, captain; Thomas Snyder,

Hand, hospital steward.

Daniel Fink. Daniel Fritz.

Wilson Gross. Martin Heft. Charles Herzog, Gottlieb Herzog,

William Hufert. William Henry. Jonathan K. Knousa. Robert Latimoro.

Sberer.

Francis Smith,

Tilgbman Snyder. Lewis Shetton. Charles Sane. Peter Stark.

Francis F. Troxel.

Daniel Trump.

Israel Luhr.

Frederick Wilt.

Hiram Mertz. Tilgbman Miller. John Nehlig. Henry Odenhoimer.

Edwin Wiand, Benjamin Wonderly. Jacob Weaver. William Yohe.

William Rant. Solomon Rant,

Henry Zink.

:

;

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OP THE REBELLION. The Troops

Twenty-seventh of 1863.— Four

Emergency

Regiment,

companies were

full

re-

cruited in this county with a design of entering the this regiment,

but on account of disagreeterm of service, but one that under Capt. I. N. Gregory went on duty. The other three those commanded by Capts. William Hoffman, George W. Schall, and John H. Oliver, returned home. Capt. Gregory's company, which was mustered in as Company H, June 19, 1863, went to Columbia and crossed the bridge over the Susque-

field in

ment

—

in regard to the

—

—

—

hanna

to

Wrightsville.

rebels on the

town

last

Upon

the attack of the

named, they retreated with

the regiment and burned the bridge behind them.

by Gen. Ewell. About a week moved to Carlisle, then to Waynesboro, Boonsboro, and beyond and back by the way of Hagerstown and Greencastle. Subsequently the regiment was moved to Mercersburg, and then, when its

They were

shelled

later the regiment

presence was thought necessary, to Chambersburg. It

was disbanded

Aug.

at Harrisburg,

1863, with-

1,

out actual participation in hostilities, but ready for

whatever necessity should demand.

TWENTY-SEVENTH BBGIMENT MILITIA. Company H. Edward

B. Young, first lieutenant; Benjamin K. Sweitzer, second lieutenant William Keiser, first sergeant; Edwin Hittle, Thomas Keck, Charles H. Dankle, Theodore Siegfried, sergeants Samuel Anewalt, Alfred Ettinger, Joseph Balliet, John Stopp, Jacob Bass, William Bauham, James Mosser, John

laaAc N. Gregory, captain;

;

;

H. Johnson, corporals; Edward

Shiffert,

musician.

Prioatea.

John Anthony. Henry F, Ames. Hiram E. Bectelman. William H. Backer. Owen Bachnian. Charles Beohm.

Daniel Beidelman. Milton Brong.

Samuel

P. Bliss.

Frank Mertz. Augustus M. Minnich., Theodore Mohr. Allan D. Moore. David Overholt. George Reeder. William Bees. Walter Beinsmith.

Benjamin Smith.

Beuben Desh. Alpheus Desh.

Beuben Eugene

Wellington Dicht.

Franklin Smith.

Milton Eckert.

Hiram S. Shinuer. John A. Snoffer.

Charles Eckert.

John

Frieze.

Peter Fegley.

Seip. Stettler.

Levi SiegenfusB.

John Shimer.

Eli Fritzinger.

Christian Smith.

Franklin Grimm.

Frank

Amos

Aaron Tice. Theodore Taylor.

Guth.

Walter Guetter.

Troxell.

Solomon Helfrich. William Knouss. Charles Kaffmon. Wilson Kistler. Lewis Kistler. Charles Kuoues. Frank P. Lanbock.

.John Weiss.

CoDstantine Martin.

Edwin Wiand. Henry Wittpnmyer. Edwin C. Yeager.

Harrison Miller.

Hiram Mertz

Thirty-eighth

Company B and

Charles Wagner.

M. Wetherhold. Francis Weimer. Allen Wolfinger.

Milton Weaver.

Regiment,

Militia

C its

of this

over the State the following dispatch "

The enemy

is

appearing.

I

must

rely

upon the

people for defense of the State, and have called militia

for that purpose.

while danger

is

The term of

service will be

Send forward companies

imminent.

as soon as possible."

A copy of the foregoing reaching Catasauqua, a meeting wag held the same Sunday afternoon at Laubach's Eagle Hotel. A roll was started and sixty-six persons by signing it signified their willingness to go Two days to the front for Pennsylvania's defense. later the roll was increased to one hundred and sixteen.

At noon, on June

30th, the

company organ-

ized with the following line-officers: Captain, Mel-

Joshua Hunt Mickley and at one o'clock they left for Camp Muhlenberg. The next morning they were mustered into service for ninety days. The number being too large, some of the men were transferred. On the 2d of July the organization of the Thirtyeighth Regiment was effected, with Melchior H. Horn The next day Gen. Siegel took command as colonel. of the camp, and commenced forwarding the men to the front. The Thirty-eighth was ordered out on parade, and the men were complimented by Gen. Siegel on their soldierly appearance. The regiment left camp that day and proceeded to Harrisburg and then to Shippensburg. Thence they moved through Chambersburg to Camp Advance, where they were bri-

chior

H. Horn

;

First Lieutenant,

Second Lieutenant, Edwin

;

The fought with a valor worthy of veterans. bloodless campaigns of the militia may be a subject for playful satire, but in the strong arms and sturdy .

1863.—

regiment colonel was Mel-

in

locality,

brought to mortal conflict, but they nevertheless rendered important service. They came forward at a moment when there was pressing need, and had the Union army been defeated at Gettysburg they would have taken the places of the fallen, and would have

Alfred V. Willenmyer.

a portion of were from Lehigh County, and

which

we may remark, also came nearly all of the men whose names appear in the subjoined roster. On Sunday, June 28, 1863, Governor Curtin telegraphed

gaded with the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-ninth, FortyThe first, and Forty-fifth Pennsylvania Regiments. Thirty-eighth remained along the borders until July 28th, guarding and repairing railroads, and gathering On the 28th the brigade was in rebel stragglers. ordered to Chambersburg, where the Thirty-seventh, Thirty-ninth, and Forty-first were encamped (the Thirty-eighth, however, with the Forty-fifth, moved to Harrisburg, and thence proceeded by Gen. Couch's The regiment was orders to Schuylkill County). mustered out at Reading on August 7th. There was considerable sickness in the regiment during the campaign, but only one death occurred. Col. Horn, writing of the militia in general, very truly says, " With but few exceptions they were not

Daniel Beinhard.

Nicholas Correll.

chior H. Horn, of Catasauqua, from

107

.

.

yeomanry of the land, who spring to arms at the moment of danger, and when the danger

hearts of the

:

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

108 past cheerfully lay

is

.

tbem down

again, rests a sure

guarantee for the peace and security of the country." Following is the roster of the Lehigh County men in this militia regiment:

THIRTY-EIGHTH KEGIMENT (THREE MONTHS), EMERGENCY MILITIA OF 1863. Company Mustered in July

3,

B.

1863; mustered out Aug.

7,

1863.

Melchior H. Horn (pro. to colonel July 3, 1863), Joshua Hunt, captains; Edwin Mickley, first lieutenant John Morrison, second lieutenant; ;

Henry Welty,

first

sergeant; William Stewart, William Williams,

Robert Steward, Charles G. Earp, sergeants Frederick Eagle, William Andreaa, William A. McKibben, John H. Nolf, Llewellyn Thomas, Milton Berger, Evan Edwards, Charles Grafiin, corporals; ;

Franklin Eckensperger, James Courtney, musicians. Privates.

Charles Andrews.

Jacob Donecker.

Reuben A. Boyer. David P. Bowen. John Barr.

David Davis. Morgan Emanuel, Jr. Owen W. Eastman. James W. Fuller.

Joseph Broadseller.

John Black. William Boyle. David W. Bowen. James Blair. William H. Bates. John Cane. John Case.

Adam

Joseph Cane. Jacob Case.

John

They remained there until the 5th for equipment, and towards evening of that day took the train They proceeded ten or twelve miles for Carlisle. 1,

1863.

beyond that place and found the track torn up. They then marched to Chanibersburg, where they received orders to march to Mercersburg. "Near South Mountain the corps under Gen. Warren, of which this regiment was a part, had a skirmish with the rebels, who were on the retreat from Gettysburg, but the Forty-first being in the rear, did not

The

pate.

corps was drawn

next morning, but the rebels then returned to a point near Greencastle and camped for two days, when Company I, a company from Lancaster, and another from Wilkesbarre were stationed as provost guard at Gen. Warren's headquarThe men were discharged on August 3d and 4th.

Following are rosters of the Lehigh County men

Orange M. Fnller. Jacob Funk. Adam Freund.

FORTY-FIRST REGIMENT (THREE MONTHS), EMERGENCY MILITIA OF 1863.

Berthold Fritchey.

Mustered in July

Fries.

Fulton.

discharged Aug. 3-4, 1863.

;

;

Godfrey Osenheimer.

Adam

Philips.

Private!

Porter.

David P. Porter. Henry Kaup. William Rankin.

Allen Kurtz.

J.

H.

Charles Lantz.

John D. Snyder. Franklin Smith.

George Matchett.

Charles D. C. Troxell.

Tilghman Michael.

John

William Miller.

J. Thomas. William R. Thomas. Benedict Vantram,

David Williams. William Young.

James McNab.

Daniel

Company

Yoder, pro.

to

hospital

3, 1863.

C.

John Keifel. Simon H. Kester.

Tilghman Breisch. John W. Campbell. Alfred Lynn, William Hopkins. George H. Minnich. William Wheeler, to Co. E (Capt. Edwin Kelley) of the same regiment Samuel C. Wolle, to Co. F, 37th Regt. (Capt. John R. Porter), of which he was made 1st sergt. to Co.

Jesse F. Oehs.

Custer.

Edward

Cole.

J.

H, 27th Regt. (Capt. Isaac N. Gregory).

Regiment, Militia of 1863.— Comand K of this regiment were from Lehigh

Forty-first

County, and were recruited at AUentown.

They went

Oehs.

Charles Preston.

Goeble.

Lewis P. Queen.

Reuben Raub. George W. Reese. William Reinhard. Charles Richler.

John H. Ross.

Otto Geler.

William Roth.

Henry J. Horn. Henry A. Heckroan.

William A. Roney.

Lewis Huber. Uriah Hartzell. William H. Ibach. C.

Mustered in July 3, 1863; mustered out Aug. 7, 1863. The following-named persons were mustered into Company C. William Biery. William H. Horn. Franklin Bower.

0. Bechtel.

Henry D.

Jacob

Evan Williams.

steward July

Augustus

Edward T. Engleman. Solomon Fatzinger. Nathan Gaumer. John Grotz. Frederick Gangwere.

John Stewart.

Joseph McMullen. James McCleary. Joseph McFetridge.

George Nunnemacker. James Kagle.

Beers.

Madison

Stoflet.

Tilghman H. Moyer James Moran.

Daniel Milson.

;

Henry Stanton, Harrison Butz, James Roney, George T. Young, sergeants John Nagle, Daniel Miller, James Lutz, John W. Lackey, Henry E. Burger, Charles Laudenslager, Henry Wiand, Aaron Fredericks, corporals; Andrew Gangwere, Dallas Xandera, muel-

David McFetridge.

John McClenaghan. Dennis McFadden.

John D. Albright.

Kieffer.

B, Longaker.

D.

Seip, captain Benjamin C. Roth, first lieutenant James A. Lucas, second lieutenant; William H. SchloBser, first sergeant;

Thompson

Peter Keeling:.

Q.M. Abraham

Walter H.

John Hille. Samuel McKeague.

Enoch

I,

;

Company

Jonathan Price.

panies D,

1863

Maj. John H. Oliver.

GroBB.

Lewis Gntenday. Thomas Hunt.

Samuel Kiefi'er. William Krone. Uriah Kurtz.

Laubach,

1,

Field and Staff Officees.

Thomas James.

F. P.

in

this regiment

Joseph Forrest.

William J. Craig. John Couway. John Church. George Hopkins. John Hunter. William H. Hock. Peter Haut. Joseph Humphries.

John

partici-

up in line of battle the had fled. The regiment

ters.

Charles D. Fuller.

Samuel

and were there mustered into service July

to Reading,

Henry Ibach. Benjamin F. Ibach. Mosea Kehna. Heniy L. Kenner. Peter Kromer. Benjamin Kleckner. Christian Kuntz.

—

Henry C. Roth. Tilghman S. P. Reiss. Augustus E. Sherer. Benjamin F. Schwartz. Tilghman H. Snyder. Israel Schneck.

Jeremiah Sherer. Peter Schultz.

Walter P. SchoU. Peter Screiber.

Jeremiah

S.

Shuman.

Emanuel Knanss. Edward H. Lucas.

John L.

Israel Lehr.

Clinton P. Trexler.

Daniel Lehr.

James H. Unger. Dopeu Uberoth.

Jesse

Lehman.

Schreiber.

Jesse Smith.

Jacob Loibensborger. Lewis P. Levan.

Frederick Wilt. Peter Werner.

Milton T. Laudenslager. Gotleib Lutch. Wellington Martin.

Peter Weller.

William P. Mohr.

William Young.

Henry Weinsheimer.

Henry

E. Willemyer.

LEHIGH COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. Company

Edwin

I.

David H. Kline,

Charles Kecb, captain;

Smith, second lieutenant; Levi Krauss,

first

Stephen sergeant; Abner A.

lieutenant;

first

Campbell, George Diefl'enderfer, James A. Beiber, Alfred G. Peter,

Benjamin J. SchloBser, Joseph Hough, David Deily, Charles Leiaberger, David Pfaff, Daniel H. Snyder, corporale; John Roth, musician. sergeants

Eeinsmith,

Daniel

;

Gideon

H.

Smith,

109

Christian Valtz.

Shaffer.

Charles Schott.

Benjamin Wonderly.

Achilles Smith.

Charles Wolf.

George Smith, John H. Seislove. William H. Trumbowor. Russel A. Thayer.

Frederick Woikle.

George Yauas.

John H. Young.

PHvatea.

James Bachman. William P. Berkenmoyer.

Ephraim Keeser. Jonas Ludwig. John D. Long.

Peter Benner.

Jacob Oswald.

Eugene

Ellis J. Peter.

"William

S.

Action of the County Authorities during the the first soldiers from Lehigh County entered the field, when public action was

Stephen Hallman. Milton Kachliue.

Benjamin AUender. Jacob H. Berger. Berger.

Breifogle.

Sylvester Beiber.

Alfred Peter.

Lewis Baer. Samuel Belliet.

Asher T. Queer. James Beinsmith.

Francis Belliet.

Leon F. Boeder. Samuel Bitter. Irwin Raber.

Alfred Baige.

Solomon Bachman. David Clauss.

War. — Scarcely had

Joseph Ray.

Peter Coop. Wilson Drukenmiller.

John Ratley. Solomon Reinsmitb.

James DeloogT") Aaron Drukenmiller. John Evans.

Eli Rinert.

Sebastian Silliman.

Paul Smith. Joseph Snyder. Jacob Seiss. Levi Smith. Daniel Snyder,

Josiah Fatzinger.

William F. Frey. Jonas Frey. Lewis Frack. Jonas Gehry.

John Grof. John Greber. Levi Hflaf.

Philip Werley.

Hartman. Phaon Hausman.

John Wilbert. Robert Young.

Ellas

by resolving upon the one

hundred dollars and the State tax to twenty-five cents on the one hundred dollars, and to levy a special tax of fifty ceots per head for militia purposes. During the same year it became necessary or expe-

At a meeting of the commissioners on July 28th, a committee of citizens, appointed at a public meeting, presented themselves,

dient to offer a county bounty.

Company K.

;

William G. Moyer, Henry C. Huber, sergeants; Henry Trexler? Daniel Smith, Milton Bieber, Jeremiah Transue, David Hardner, William Haaa, John Lenz, Sylvester Weller, corporals Stephen A. ;

0.

necessities

to raise the county tax to forty cents

John H. Oliver (pro. to major July 5, 1863), Charles Mertz, captains; Abiel Heilman, first lieutenant; Henry Fried, second lieutenant; Thomas Snyder, first sergeant William J. Reichart, John A. Young,

Henry, Charles

new

of their recognition of

Willougbby T. Shoemaker. David Steffan. Harash Troxel. Aaron West.

Phaon W. George.

taken toward relieving such families as were pecuniarily distressed by the absence of the men who supported them. At a special meeting of the county commissioners a petition, indorsed by " many citizens of Lehigh County," was handed in, ''praying for an appropriation out of the common funds to support the families of those who might be in need during the absence of their men or soldiers who proposed to defend the country's flag." It was resolved by the commissioners to appropriate five thousand dollars in installments of five hundred dollars each to be distributed at such periods as might be deemed proper. On Jan. 1, 1862, the commissioners gave evidence

Moore, musicians.

and requested an appropriation

for the recruits re-

quired from the county to fill the quota required by the Governor. The commissioners made an appropriation for this purpose of ten thousand dollars, of

be paid to each and every two hundred men). But more men were demanded than it was at first thought would be needed, and upon Sept. 5, 1862, the commissioners, upon the recommendation of a mass-

which

fifty dollars

was

to

recruit (the quota being Privates.

Samuel

S.

Apple.

Harrison Kern.

Adolph Clauss.

Willougbby Kern. William M, Land is. John La Roche.

Hugh

Josiah Lefevre.

Blackford Barnes. Charles Bennett.

Cassily.

Edwin Desch. John H. Eiseuhart. Tilghman S. Frederick.

George Minnig.

Owen

Metz.

Henry Moore.

Robert Fatzinger.

William

Benjamin Fatzinger.

John Manhart. John Moyer. Aaron Moyer.

Daniel C. Fritz.

Benjamin Fink. Charles

W.

Gorr.

Andrew M. Gangwere. John J. Gorr. James Gallagher.

C.

Moore.

Josiah D. Moll.

John Musenheimer. Wilson B. Moyer.

Andrew Nagle.

Charles Hart.

Theodore Nagle.

Moses Ho£fman. George C- Hand, Solomon Heberly. David Howard. Henry Hardner.

Tilghman Ott. William Ruhe. Werner Ruhe. Lewis Both.

Philip Hill.

Edward Reichard. Amandus Sieger.

John

Christian Stahly.

Hill.

Edwin Jacoby,

Tilghman Steinberger. Hiram T. Shaffer.

Charles Kramer.

Ludwig

Philip Helwert.

Henry Kemerer.

Shultz.

Joseph Stempfle.

meeting of the citizens of the county, held at Allentown, resolved to appropriate out of the funds of said county the sum of one hundred dollars as a bounty to each soldier recruited in said county and regularly mustered into the service of the United States as a volunteer (not exceeding the quota allotted to said county under the call for three hundred thousand

men

to

be raised by a

lars to all

draft),

those persons

and the sum of fifty dol-

who have

enlisted in said

county and been mustered into the old regiments now in the said service since the date of the last county

who may hereafter enlist in On September 15th it was resolved

appropriation, or

said

regiments.

that

oflTered should be allowed until the 25th of the month, and that none should be paid either to those enlisting in the old or new regiments

the bounty thus

after that date.

The county tax was hundred

raised

two mills on the one on April 13, 1863,

dollars, or to fifty cents,

no and

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. at the

same time the State tax was increased

to

reasons which are obvious

On June 30th, when the necessity for State defense had become urgent, the commissioners resolved to pay twenty dollars per month to each and every recruit

ter of the history of

for

we

this

and

for other

shall give a connected

and detailed account of them in a voluminous chapCarbon Couaty, and here attempt only

to state

the facts concerning certain Lehigh

exceed three

County connections and other improvements entirely independent of the coal-carrying canal, and the two

was on the afternoon of the same day that this was taken that Capt. Walter H. Seips' com-

railroads that vie with each other for the traffic of the

that service for a period not to

months. It

For

Lehigh and other companies.

three mills, or thirty cents, on the one hundred dollars.

Lehigh County, they have means of creating.

action

valley, which, at least in

pany of eighty-five men left Allentown. Each of them received twenty dollars, being a month's pay in advance, the total reaching seventeen hundred dollars. Other companies which left the county for the de-

in a large measure been the

and either bore arms or supported generously with influence and money the great movement which resulted in the

It must be borne in mind that while the discovery and mining of coal in Carbon County and the upper Lehigh and Schuylkill region led to the establishment of these great means of transportation, the canal and the railroads were the causes which in turn operated to bring into existence the heavy iron industries of Lehigh County, as well as to give outlets for its surplus agricultural wealth. Thus the counties were wedded and placed, as it were, in reciprocal relations, in which each was vastly benefited by the

overthrow of a gigantic rebellion.

other.

fense of the border soon afterward received similar

compensation.

Though

there were not wanting in Lehigh County,

as elsewhere, those

who were enemies

of the

Union

cause, the great majority stood firmly loyal,

The Earliest Railroad Enterprise in Lehigh County was one which had for its object the attainment of a result similar to that aimed at by the pro-

CHAPTEE

XII L

INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.

The

principal works of internal

jectors of the canal, the

penetration of the coal-fields.

ject

the slow venous rather than the rapid arterial character, and the demand for a swifter and stronger servant

one in later years.

which had

its

Lehigh Valley Eailroad,

origin in the enterprise of a few lead-

The completion of this road in 1855, its successful operation, and the disaster by which were destroyed the river improvements of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company in 1862, ing citizens of this county.

led that great corporation to abandon the idea of reconstructing their dams and docks above Mauch

Chunk, to substitute therefor a railroad, and ultimately to extend it down the river to Easton. Thus the Lehigh and Susquehanna Eailroad replaced the navigation system of the Upper Lehigh, and supplemented the company's carrying business by canal on the Lower Lehigh. All of these improvements had as their chief object the placing of Carbon County coal in the Philadelphia and other important markets, and followed naturally and logically the mining operations of the

We find

— that

is,

the

that on March

17, 1838, the Hamburg, Allentown, Bethlehem and Easton Eailroad Company was incorporated by act of the General Assembly. This corporation was composed of a number of men who sought to build a railroad from a point on the Schuylkill Eiver, near Hamburg, passing through Kutztown, in Berks County, to Allentown, and thence through Beth-

improvement in Lehigh County have been confined to the immediate valley of the Lehigh River. First came the laborious operations for making the river navigable, undertaken and accomplished by the Lehigh Coal and NavigaSubsequently the system of transtion Company. portation thus established was superseded by the canal, which proved more effective, and, like numerous others in the country, was frequently referred to as an " artery of commerce." But the time came when the flow of traific in this channel was regarded as of

led to the construction of the

Lehigh Valley Eailroad, and

the Lehigh and Susquehanna Eailroad,

lehem to Easton. By the provisions of the act the work was to be commenced within five, and com-

The country was, however, not ready for such a railroad enterprise, and the propleted within ten, years.

was abandoned, never to be re-entertained, the building of other lines obviating the necessity of this

The Perkiomen Railroad.—The next

railroad

which the people of Lehigh County became interested was that which led finally to the construction of the Perkiomen Eailroad. As early as 1849 or 1850 this project was talked of, and on April project in

23, 1852, a charter was procured for the Norristown and Freemansburg Eailroad Company, with power to build a road between the points named. A supple-

ment

to the charter, procured April 18, 1853, granted

make Allentown the terminus. The name was changed, April 6, 1854, to the Norristown and Allentown Eailroad Company, and on Nov. 23, the right to

Perkiomen Eailroad Company. Up to time no work of importance had been done upon the line; but soon after the final change in title 1865, to the

this

commenced at the junction of the Philadelphia and Reading Eailroad below Phcenixoperations were ville.

Track was laid

to Collegeville,

and

for a year

INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. Then

or two that place was the terminus of the road.

was extended to Pennsburg. In 1874 work was commenced at the north end of the line, at Emaus. In the winter of 1875 the tunnel at Vera Cruz was finished, and in the spring of 1876 trains began running regularly to Allentown. This line is now under control of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company.

it

The Catasauqua and Fogelsville Railroad.—The company obtaining a charter to make operations

first

on this line contemplated only the construction of a plank road, and was incorporated April 5, 1853, as the " Catasauqua and Fogelsville Plank Road Company.'' An amendment of the charter, made April 5,

Crane Iron Company to become subscribers to the stock, and by a supplement to the charter passed April 20, 1854, the company was authorized to build a railroad instead of a plank road (if they thought it best) to connect with the Lehigh Valley Railroad. The name of the corporation was changed to keep it in conformance with the purpose of its existence. In February, 1856, the company was authorized to extend the railroad to LongSwamp township, in Berks County, to connect with the iron mines there, and by a supplement to the charter, made in April, 1861, authority was given to construct a branch to the iron-ore beds in Lehigh and Berks Counties, not The road was built in to exceed six miles in length. 1853, allowed the

1856-57, a distance of nine miles, at a cost of about

two hundred and sixty thousand dollars, which was furnished by the Crane Iron-Works and the Thomas Iron- Works. In 1859-60 the road was extended two and a half miles to Trexlertown, and in a few years afterward was extended to Alburtis, where a junction

was made with the East Penn Railroad. Still later it was built to the Lehigh Mountain and beyond the ore-beds to Rittenhouse Gap, about a mile and a half from Berks County. Quite a remarkable iron bridge on this line, said to have been the largest of the kind in the United States at the time it was constructed, spans Jordan Creek in South Whitehall township.

From

a description of

of the Franklin engineer,

we

it

contributed to the Journal by Elwood Morris, civil

Institute,

extract the following:

"The extreme

eleven hundred and sixty-five feet, and the iron superstruction consists of eleven spans of one hundred feet each. These spans are of a suslength of the bridge

is

company with drawn by a locomotive, the whole train weighing upon each span of one hundred feet, one hundred and thirteen tons, or more than one ton to the foot lineal, which was the test-load contracted for. The first stone was laid Aug. 27, 1856, and the tested to the entire satisfaction of the

a loaded

locomotive crossed July 14, 1857, the whole having been completed in less than a year, at a cost of about seventy-seven thousand dollars for the entire structure."

The ville

present ofiicers of the Catasauqua and FogelsRailroad are George T. Barnes, president John ;

Williams, secretary and treasurer; Charles

—

but

little

Lehigh Valley Railroad, either in the county of Lehigh or Northampton. The name of this company was changed to the East Penn Railroad Company on April 21, 1857, by an amendment of the charter. On April 15, 1863, power was given the company to extend the road to the Delaware River, and to construct a bridge over that stream. The road was built to Allentown, where it connects with the Lehigh Valley Railroad.

is

now under

the control of the Phila-

—

The Ironton Railroad. A stock company was formed in 1859 for the purpose of building a railroad from a point on the Lehigh Valley Railroad near Coplay to Ironton, where there are valuable ore-beds. A charter was obtained March 4th, and the work of construction was commenced soon afterwards. It was finished in 1860, at a cost of about seventy thousand The principal stockholders were Tinsley dollars. Jeter, Jay Gould & Co., of New York, and E. W.

& Co., of Philadelphia. About 1870 the greater

it

by heavy wrought iron bracing-rods bolted to the masonry. These skeleton piers of cast and wrought iron stand upon low piers of solid masonry raised above the line of flood, and pointed at both ends. The single-track railway

the

.

It

delphia and Reading Railroad Company.

cruciform section, connected and braced together in

crosses the deck of the iron bridge in a straight conwas . Early in July this bridge .

traflSc.

road from a point at or near the junction of the Lebanon Valley and Philadelphia and Reading Railroads, in the city of Reading, to any point on the

sold to

tinuous line.

miscellaneous

East Penn Railroad.— By legislative act of March 9, 1856, the Reading and Lehigh Railroad was incorporated, and invested with power to construct a rail-

road being spaced ten feet clear apart. The trusses are supported upon a group of cast-iron pillars of laterally

W. Chap-

man, general superintendent. Slatington Branch of the Lehigh Valley Railroad. A short branch railroad was built from the Lehigh Valley Railroad, at Slatington, to Slatedale in 1860, work upon it being completed in December of that year. The contractors were John and William Craig, of Lehigh Gap. This road was constructed for the accommodation of the slate trade, and has

Clarke

and firmly stayed

train

first

pension truss, each truss being sixteen feet high, and the two trusses necessary to carry a single-track rail-

stages,

Ill

owned by these individuals was Robert Lenox Kennedy, president of the Commercial National Bank of New York, by whom

portion of the stock

was retained

until the sale of the road, in 1882, to

Thomas Iron Company of Hokendauqua, by which corporation it is still owned. From the organization of the company until the sale of the road Eli J. Saeger was its president. This road, with its branch from Ironton to Saegersville and into the ore region beyond, opened one of the richest hematite ore beds in the county, and has proved a valuable enterprise.

;

HISTOKY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

112

The Berks County Railroad.—On March

William Leisenring, in Egypt, White24, 1852, of which Daniel Beisel was president, and Dr. D. A. Moser secretary. At this meeting it was resolved to organize an agricultural society for Lehigh County, and a committee was appointed to prepare a constitution, and report at an adjourned meeting at the room of the commissioners at the house of

29, 1871,

a company was incorporated by act of Assembly to construct a railroad "from a point on the Wilmington

and Reading Railroad, at or near Birdsboro', in Berks County, by the most available route to and through the city of Reading, and thence connecting with any

now built in the county of The company was also authorized to con-

railroad or railroads

Lehigh."

in the court-house at Allentown, Feb. 3, 1852. This committee was composed of Jesse M. Line, of Allentown John Yost, of Salisbury Charles Witman, of Saucon Charles Foster, of Upper Milford; James Weiler, of Lower Macuugie William Mink, of Upper Macungie Jacob Grim, of Weissenberg Joseph Moser, of Lynn; David Knerr, of Lowhill; Andrew Peters, of Heidelberg John Fenstermacher, of Washington Edward Kohler, of North Whitehall Peter Mickley, of South Whitehall Charles Ritter, of Hanover; and George Beisel, of Northampton. The meeting was held at the time and place appointed, Daniel Saeger being called to the chair as president, while Henry Yeager was chosen vice-president and Jacob Dillinger, secretary. An address was delivered by R. E. Wright, Esq. Edward Kohler, of the committee appointed at the previous meeting, reported a constitution, which, after being read, was adopted. Edward Kohler was elected president; fifteen vice-presidents were chosen, one from each township Jesse M. Line was elected recording secretary Dr. David 0. Moser, corresponding secretary and

struct branch roads not to exceed twelve miles in

length,

and

to establish a telegraph line.

It

was one

;

be completed by the 1st of July, 1874.

It was duly where it was connected with a branch of the Lehigh Valley Railroad. In 1876 the company experienced financial troubles, and the road was finally leased to the Philadelphia and Reading

;

built to Slatedale,

;

;

;

for ninety-nine years.

;

bonds, and the road came under the entire control of the company named. This railroad passed through the valley of Maiden Creek, in Berks County, and those of Jordan and Trout Creeks, in Lehigh County,

and furnishes an

;

;

Afterwards the first mortgage bonds of the Berks County Railroad Company were exchanged for Philadelphia and Reading

named

;

;

of the provisions of the charter that the road should

Company

township, on Jan.

hall

outlet for slate-quarries in the last-

valley.

;

CHAPTER. XIV.

;

Owen

THE LEHIGH COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Arrangements were subsequently made for holding a fair on the 6th, 7th, and 8th of October. For this purpose the use of a plat of ground, containing about five acres, was secured from Jles-srs. Pretz & Weinshimer. This was upon the corner of Fourth and

Lehiijh County has attained an enviable reputation throughout the State as a rich agricultural district,

wisely and well developed by an enterprising

One of the largest factors in the recent advancement of the agricultural interest has been the county society's annual fairs. These ex-

Union

class of farmers.

Streets. The ground was fenced in a novel manner, posts being set firmly in the ground, and a muslin screen, about seven feet high, being carried from one to another entirely around the plat. Outsiders were thus prevented from seeing the exhibition. The fair was successful beyond the hopes of the most

means of stimulating the farmer to put forth his best efforts, and their excellence drawing great throngs of people from adjoining counties, as well as from all parts of Lehigh, they have served a valuable educational purpose, and hibitions have been the

sanguine.

now over thirty years old. In 1850 and 1851 a number of the leading farmers and some society

other citizens

interested

in

the project of

forming an agricultural society and holding annual exhibitions. They procured copies of the constitution and by-laws of several county societies in Massat;husetts and other States, and held several meetings at the Eagle Hotel at Allentown, at Ruchville, Breinigs-

and Millerstown. The first meeting, however, which any definite action was taken was one held

ville,

at

large

number of articles were

exhibited,

grounds, October 6th, at " early candle-light," by E. E, Wright, Esq. George W. Toering, Esq., also addressed the members of the society and others at the

is

became

A

and large crowds of visitors attended each day. The premiums paid amounted to $163.50. One of the features of this fair was an address delivered on the

afforded countless suggestions in regard to improved implements and methods of work. Could the results of these fairs be definitely ascertained, it would undoubtedly be found that they have caused a great increase in the agricultural wealth of the county, and, indeed, of a still wider field.

The

L. Schreiber, treasurer.

!

court-house, and on the Sth of October the closing address was delivered in German by Rev. Jeremiah

Shindel.

So generally had the people been interested in the that the managers felt warranted in taking steps towards making it a permanent institution. Accordfair,

ingly they decided to purchase a tract of land in the northern part of the town, containing eight acres. This property, owned by William Mattern, was secured, at a cost of two thousand dollars, before the close of the year, and the deed was recorded Jan. 1,

.'i''"„dl.„s«m,„.

Then

Keiper.

173

followed a long series of changes which it is not necessary to dwell upon in detail. John H. Helfrich and Judge Charles Keck were asso-

ownership and management of the paper, and William S. Young, Benjamin J. Hagenbuch, Tilghman Rhoads, Joseph Young, and Ephraim Moss

ciated in the

all identified with it. The last persons who were proprietors of the Patnot as a separate and dis-

were

property were

Ruhe. The paper remained under this proprietorship and the editorship of Daniel B. Wood, now of the Faston Free Press, until March 19, 1875, when it was sold to Robert Iredell, Jr., proprietor of the Daily, Chronicle, with which it was merged. The Dailg Chronicle had been started by Mr. Iredell,

March

3,

1870, in response lo requests from

William H. Ainey, John L. Hoffman, and Edward Ruhe, who sold it in June, 1872, to Robert Iredell, Jr. He soon merged it with

local leaders of the

which we shall now give the history. The Lehigh Register was established by Augustus L. Ruhe in October, 1846, and was carried on by him

column

tinct

the Begiater, of

very successfully as a neutral newspaper until 1854. it to C. Frank Haines and David was by them made a Whig paper, and subsequently (in 1856) became a supporter of the Republican party. Mr. Diefenderfer soon sold his interest to Peter Huber. The paper was then published by Haines & Huber until 1859, when Mr. Haines sold his share to John H. Oliver, Esq., an able and popular lawyer, who became a candidate for Congress in 1870, and almost succeeded in overcoming the large Democratic majority of the district. Huber

necessity of having a journalistic

principles of Republicanism.

It

champion of the was at first a five-

and was sold for ten cents per week, but was subsequently reduced to six cents per

sheet,

this price

week, for the purpose of extending the circulation of the paper. This measure proved a wise one, and con-

In that year he sold

siderably enhanced the value of the property.

K. Diefenderfer.

effect

It

&

Oliver continued in partnership until 1861, after which date the latter conducted the paper alone for Subsequently it passed successively a short period. into the possession of William H. Ainey, Ephraim Moss, and Elisha Forest from the last named being purchased in December, 1868, by Morgan R. Wills ;

and Robert Iredell, Jr., proprietors of the NorrisIn the following May town Herald and Free Press. Mr. Iredell solcl his interest in his Norristown newspaper property, and assumed the sole proprietorship of the Megister.

As has been

before stated, Mr. Ire-

purchased the Patriot, in June, 1872. It was conducted by him through the campaign, and in December united with the Register, which, thus reinforced, has been prosperously carried on during the dell

succeeding years.

Mr. Iredell

became connected and has been

with the Norristown Free Press in 1864,

a newspaper proprietor since the age of twenty years. is the older of his two Allentown a well-edited weekly devoted principally to city and country news, and is a typographically neat sheet twenty-eight by forty-two inches in

The

Register,

newspapers,

which

is

dimensions, divided into four pages of eight columns

The

of merging the

Chronicle

and News

is

tinct journalistic enterprises.

the outcome of three disOf these the first, chrono*

was the Daily News, established as a neutral by Peter Correll. It was soon afterwards bought by Harlacher & Weiser, who continued the publication for a number of years, with Mr. Corlogically,

journal in 1866,

News with the

The

Chronicle, in

was to increase the circulation to eighteen hundred copies. The paper was enlarged and the price was then raised to ten cents per week. 1875,

In November, 1877, the Daily Herald was purchased and merged with the Chronicle and News. This was a paper which had been started upon an independent platform, in 1873, by a company composed of T. F. Emmens, A. C. Brooks, and D. D. Holder, with Mr. Emmens as editor. The Herald soon became Democratic in its politics, and Robert E. Wright, Jr., Edward Harvey, Esq., J. H. Holmes, and Tinsley Jeter became interested in its ownership. Considerable money was sunk in the effort to sustain the Herald, but it. gradually failed, and would probably have soon expired, in spite of frequent financial stimulation, had it not been absorbed by the Chronicle and News.

The last-named journal

is

now the only Republican

and thus has quite a wide field to The paper is, and has been, edited with ability, fill. and is a strong exponent of Republican politics as daily in the valley,

well as a valuable local

medium

and general news.

for the dissemination of

There have been connected

with the paper several locally well known

editors,

Emmens, now of the Fasten Fxpress; Joseph L. Shipley, now of the Springfield Union; and D. B. Wood, of the Faston Free Press. The present local editor is Frank J. Sherer. The first number of the Daily City Item was issued

among them Thomas

on Jan.

1,

T.

1878, the paper succeeding the Morning

young met with indifferent success in the beginning, and was kept alive with difficulty, as the young men who had launched the enterprise were without capital, and were compelled to rely upon their business tact and The paper, being energies to make it a success. Herald.

The

men, three of

each.

many

Republican party, who saw the

enterprise was projected

whom

Democratic in

were practical

politics,

by

five

printers.

It

took a leading part in the

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

174

campaigns that followed, and the importance of having an outspoken and fearless party daily was at once recognized by the prominent Democrats of the On the 10th of May, 1880, the incity and county. terest of Robert W. Vogt and Charles M. Kramer in the paper was purchased by Cyrus Kuntz and C. J. A. Hartman, who, together with Oscar Swartz, are now Since then the paper has the proprietors of it. steadily gained in circulation and advertising patronThe Oity Item was published as a morning age. paper until after Nov. 24, 1883, when, having absorbed the Ddili/ Telegram, it was made an evening publication. It is the only Democratic daily in the county, and gives a large amount of local and general news.

The

Telegrmii above alluded to was started in June, by two sons of the late Edward D. Leisenring, the popular German editor. The paper failed to get such support as was necessary to put it upon a paying basis, and after it had passed under the management of three different parties was purchased by the Item Printing Association as above recorded. The junior journal of Allentown is the Iktitij Critic. It was started by Samuel Woolever, its present proprietor, as a weekly, on May 26, 1883. The venture was so successful that the paper was soon enlarged from three to four columns, and on Dec. 7, 1883, it was issued as a five-column daily. The OriJic is neutral in politics, and devoted principally to local news, and comment upon the same. Besides the publications already mentioned, which include all of a news and secular character now existing, there have been a number of journals of ephemeral life, concerning which we can make only general mention. Among them, and probably the earliest, was a small German-English paper, printed at the Bepublihaner office, by Charles L. Hutter. The Lehigh

1882,

Democrat

led a ten weeks' existence in 1843.

the same time, or a for a short period,

little later,

About

Elias Keiper published

from the Patriot

a small English journal. In later years there was the Evening Dispatch, which had a brief career during the later part of the decade preceding 1870. This venture in daily journalism was made by William J. Grim office,

William J. Weiss, and A. J. Helfrich, but the paper had as its final owner Elishu Forest. The Bulletin, an afternoon paper, neutral in politics, was published by Daniel B. Wood for a few months during 1875. Mr. Wood was also, in company with William P. Snyder and A. S. Orr, engaged in the publication of the Bugle, a Republican campaign paper, in 1877.

The

&

religious publications of Messrs. Brobst, Diehl

Co., both in periodical

and book form, deserve

more than passing mention in a sketch of the Allentown press. The firm was founded by Rev. Samuel K. Brobst, who was born in Lynn, Lehigh Co., in 1822, and descended from forefathers who came from

Germany

early in

the eighteenth century.

fourteen years old he

made

When

the journey by stage to

Washington, Pa., thereto learn the trade of tinsmith. His inclinations led another way, and after some interruptions he began preparation for the ministry. After completion of studies he was ordained in 1847, and received into the Lutheran Synod of Pennsylvania. Delicate health prevented him from accepting a charge, and he assisted other clergymen as supply, taking

much

iuterest in the establishment of

schools, then a

new thing

Sunday-

in this section of country.

This led to the publishing of one or two small German question books or catechisms. In June, 1847, he published the first number of a German monthly [Der Jugeiidfreund) intended for young people particularly, then the only paper in German of this character in the land. This periodical then intended particularly to meet local wants has become the main German Lutheran Sunday-school paper of the land, and circulates wherever there are German schools. In 1853 he issued the first Lutheran Almanac published in America, in German, which still maintains its superiority over its many competitors which have arisen in later years. Finding that the Jugendfreund did not reach some classes of people, Mr. Brobst, in 1858, began publishing the Littherisclie Zeitschrift, a

semi-monthly Lutheran Church paper, which became a weekly in 1866. In 1865 he established an English Lutheran Almanac, which was transferred after four years to another party in Philadelphia. years he published a

German

For nine

missionary paper, and

during the war for two years a paper for the soldiers which was distributed by the Christian

in the army,

Commission by thousands of copies. In 1868 he commenced to publish a more pretentious periodical, the Theological Monthly, in German, which he continued for six years, but owing to increasing infirmities he discontinued it at the end of 1874, as he had the missionary paper several years before, confining himafterwards to his monthly Jugendfreund and

self

weekly

Zeitschrift

with the annual Almanac.

these years he published a

number

During

of smaller books

with several of larger compass, intended principally for church and school use. As the year 1876 drew to a close Rev. Brobst succumbed to his old enemy, consumption, and died on the 24th of December.

The business, after the death of Rev. Brobst, was taken in hand by Tilghman H. Diehl, who, in 1861, entered Mr. Brobst's employ as apprentice to learn the printing trade. After serving him as such for three years, Diehl took charge of subscription accounts,

etc.,

tions added in the

line

grew up

and to the limited number of publicasome stock from other publishing houses of Sunday-school requisites.

in the business

and with

it,

He

thus

soon having

entire control of the business part of the concern.

In 1872 he was admitted by Mr. Brobst as partner, a new building for the purpose had been completed by him, and under, his superintendence the

when

business was branched out into a local retail book-

and

stationery-store, later extended to jobbing and

'

THE CITY OF ALLENTOWN. wholesale trading.

The

business has continued to

grow, and three years after Mr. Brobst's death, Mr.

Diehl removed to the present more central location at 732 Hamilton Street (formerly 814), where the entire building is now occupied in the business.

him Mr. Samuel who had been in

In 1882, Mr. Diehl associated with J.

Brobst,

son of the founder,

the business since he left school.

All the period-

publications have been continued by the ijresent owners as they came into their hands after Mr. In 1879 the Lutherische Hendd, Brobst's death.

ical

owned and published by the New York Lutheran Ministerium, was merged with the Lutherische Zeit-

was

position he

175

called, in 1872, to

cipal of the State

become the

Normal School,

prin-

Kutztown, in Berks County. As his sphere of usefulness and influence was thus enlarged, he also extended the field of his paper's operations, and made it an educational organ, not only for the entire State, but also extended at

it has become a organ for the entire country. Since the editor has made Allentown his home, in

circulation into other States, until

its

general educational 1877, he has

changed the journal from a monthly

to a

semi-monthly, and by personal canvass, and in connection with his teachers' institute work in Pennsylvania and other States, particularly in the far South,

of Herald

increased the circulation and influence so that the

a strong impetus and causing This house it rapidly to gain in subscribers ever since. has also much increased the list of its publications,

paper now is not only in name, but in reality, a " National Educator." The paper is printed at the office of Trexler & Hartzell, in Allentown, but the entire editorial and publishing management is in the hands

schrift,

und

the paper receiving the joint

Zeitschrlft,

giving

title

it

more than doubling the number of books on its lists. Several large works have been completed lately. The most pretentious publication yet undertaken by it is the republishing of the so-called "Halle Reports," in German, the original appearing more than a century ago and containing the reports of Rev. M. H. Muhlenberg, the founder of the Lutheran Church in America, which he sent to his superiors in Halle, Germany. They are rich in historical matter, civil as well as The new edition is in contents more than religious. double of the original, plaining circumstances

much

German, a "Sunday-School Tune-Book"

in

German,

etc.

connections through

its

By virtue of

its

papers the house has become one of the main jobbing-houses for the Lutheran Church, and has always enjoyed a sort of semi-official recognition as such.

Extensive importations of church literature are

made

from Germany.

The Xational Educator was established by Rev. Dr. Home, while he was engaged as principal of the Bucks County Normal and Classical School, at A. R.

Quakertown, Bucks Co., in April, 1860. The design of was originally to supply a long-felt want in education among the Pennsylvania Germans, namely,

the paper

publish an organ for the schools and parents of the section of the State specially devoted to their

German

The

XIX.

THE CITY OF ALLENTOWN— {Continued).

—

The Public Schools and Higher lustitutiona— History of the Individual Churches.

Educational and Beligious

and localities mentioned being

tory" in

interests.

Home.

CHAPTER

historical matter ex-

added by the editors, —Revs. W. J. Mann, D.D., and Five numbers, of one hunB. M. Schmucker, D.D. dred pages each, have thus far appeared, and the complete work will make at least four times as much more. Others of the larger works published are a " Commentary of St. Mark" in English, an illustrated " Bible His-

to

of Dr. A. R.

subject of pronunciation, translation,

and the use of the English language was discussed in its columns in such a way as to adapt it to the wants of the young acquiring a knowledge of that language. Their teachers, too, found in its columns suggestions on the best methods of teaching PennsylThe editor, Dr. Home, vania German children. however, removed to Williamsport in 1865, and was elected city superintendent of schools, from which

Educational— The Public

Schools.— Allentown

uncommon

educational advantages both in It is our its public schools' and private institutions. purpose to give under this head a full history of the possesses

During the early years probable that instruction was given both in the German and English languages, the teachers of the former being residents or visitors from the older towns of the region, while the pioneers of those who gave instruction in the English tongue development of each of the settlement

it

class.

is

were from the " Irish settlement"

(in

what

is

now

Allen township, Northampton Co.). The first teacher whose name has been preserved was one Brown, from the Scotch-Irish colony referred to, who taught here previous

to

1795.

He

was

succeeded by a Mr.

Thatcher, from the same locality, who taught between 1795 and 1800. In 1797 he taught the English lan" It seems to guage to the children of three families. " be generally acknowledged," says Mr. Buehrle, that teachers early of the home the the Irish settlement was of Allentown." They were very good instructors of the old class, possessing all the well-known characteristics

of the " Irish schoolmaster."

Among the earliest

were John Boyd, David Preston, Charles Weaver, and Later there were among the pedagogical Ellis. John celebrities the Eberhards, father and son, and 1

The

liistory of the public schools

1877,

is

principally derived from the

School Report of by Superintendent K. K. Buehrle, in the State of general interest.has but considerable additional iuformation

article

been incorporated with his

facts.

:

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

176

,

Ryan. "The schools," says the writer from whom we have just quoted, "were usually kept in rooms rented for the purpose in private houses, and the furniture was of the rudest and most primitive kind. There were benches along the wall, with occasionally an inclined board for those who wanted to write. Probably the

house used exclusively for school German Reformed Church, con^ structed of logs, on ihe rear of the present lot, and converted from a church into a school-house in 1773. The first school-house, erected as such, was an octagon, first

purposes was Zion's

with steeple and

bell,

John Ryan, on Church

by James Wilson

for

Street opposite the rear

end

built

Both of these have long since disappeared." The early schools were of the subscription order, continuing usually for a term of three months, the parents or guardians paying at the rate of fifty cents a month. The teacher had entire control of the school, and was responsible to no one. " His moral character and professional qualifications were subject to no examination, and hence men not over temperate, industrious, and moral were sometimes found in the schoolmaster's chair. Occasionally

institutions

on the following day as in the school-room,

and enjoyed

Among

to

when the

children left the school

their accidental holiday in the

scenes long to be remembered,

John Boyd that when he began stood no German, while

ignorant of English.

all

The

lessons in reading, writing,

to

it is

open

air.

related of

teach he under-

of his pupils were entirely

course of study embraced

and a

little

ciphering,

and

the text-books were the primer, catechism, Testament, and psalter, mostly German, with some English.

The usual

incentives to study were the rod

and the

cowskin."

More thoughtful and thorough measures for educaMore schools

tion were undertaken as years passed.

were taught, and a better class of teachers were engaged in giving instruction. A school for girls was opened in 1813. Night-schools were kept by various teachers from 1813 to 1845. Usually they were carried on by some of the hard-working class of teachers who also had day-schools. C. L. Arnold had one in 1838, and a number of years prior to that time, in which he received pupils at one dollar each per month. He taught reading, writing, arithmetic, and book-keeping " in the public school near the English Presbyterian Church." The teachers had an organization as early as 1827, called "

The Schoolmaster's

Synod," the meetings of which were held at " Worman's Temple," at the Silver (or Crystal) Spring. In 1829, Zachariah Anselmus was president, and John O. Adams secretary. Some of the churches established parochial schools. The Allentown Academy was chartered in 1814, and came into active operation in 1827. A ladies' seminary was opened in 1831, and the Allentown Seminary in 1848. Of these

college,

which was the outgrowth

shall give the separate histories

In the mean time, development of the public schools, we must return to an earlier period. An act passed in 1824 provided for the instruction of the children of the poor at the expense of the county. In 1828, under the provisions of that act, the borough of Northampton (Allentown) and the townships of Salisbury and Northampton paid $421.71 and in 1830 the sum of $270.63, for the education of their poor children. In 1833 the borough alone paid at length in their proper places.

$434.77.

The

act of 1824

had prepared the people

degree for the new school law of 1834, and

in a great it

was

ac-

submission to the people. One of the additional means used to influence public opinion and secure a favorable result in the election appears cepted on

first

its

to have been " a numerously attended and influential meeting of the citizens of the borough at the public house of George Wetherhold, Friday evening, Sept. 12, 1834," at which the following resolutions were unanimously adopted

their constitutional indolence or late hours over the

them so much cause them to fall asleep

we

to follow the

of the lot just mentioned.

bottle or the gambling-table affected

and the

of one of them,

"Whereas,

man and

We

believe that education contributes to the happiness

we desire, so far as is in our power, to improve the moral conditions of the community, and to perpetuate free institutions; therefore, of

the welfare of society, and

That we solemnly believe that an act passed at the late an act,' etc., if put in force will be of advantage to the poor as well as the rich, and we will therefore apply all honorable means at the next election to secure the success of "

i?^.so?cerf.

session of the Legislature entitled

'

the system."

The

eftbrts

of the friends of the

new law were

suc-

and it was adopted in the borough by a vote of one hundred and thirty-seven against one. The cessful,

board of school directors consisted of Jacob Mohr, J. S. Gibbons, Esq., George Haberacker, William Fry, Alexander Taylor, and George Keiper. The first public examination and school exercises were held Dec. 11, 1838, an announcement being made in the papers by Christian Pretz, secretary of the board. The forenoon was devoted to the examination of the pupils in their respective rooms, and in the afternoon all assembled at the German Lutheran Church, where an address on education was delivered by Charles Davis, Esq., president of the board. Prior to the opening of the schools, Sept. 2, 1839, the directors published a card in which they said they would " make it their especial duty to see to it that on the part of the teachers employed everything possible is done to promote the moral and spir-' itual education of the pupils entrusted to them, and first

therefore again ask the active co-operation of the parents and guardians, without which the best system must fail of attaining its object." The next year a " female teacher" was wanted, according to an adver-

tisement which appeared in one of the newspapers, and in 1841 we find that three of the six teachers

were

ladies.

R. E. Wright, as secretary of the board of school

THE CITY OF ALLENTOWN. •directors of 4,

the Allentown district, announced, Jan.

1843, that the following set of books

would be used Spelling-Book and Juve-

Cobb's New nile Readers Nos. 1 and 2 (primary books), the New Testament, Frost's History of the United States, Mitchell's Geographical Reader, Frost's American Speaker (Reader), Frost's Grammar, Mitchell's Primary School Geography, Keith's Arithmetic, Frost's Exercises in Composition, and Cobb's Abridgment of Walker's Dictionary. In the year 1849 the first public appeal was made to the directors to appoint a superintendent of schools. Notwithstanding there were only ten teachers employed, the Lehigh Heglxter, of Sept. 14, 1849, saidi in the schools

"We

:

would suggest the appointment of a general We are far behind the

177

two, a separate high school for each sex was established,

and Augustus Armagnac was appointed teacher

Hannah L. Romig of the female high school. Thus the organization of the schools as primary, secondary, grammar, and high was complete, but serious difficulties arose in administering the of the male, and Mrs.

There seems to have been no regular time and hence we find them made in September and January, and in 1861 it was resolved "that three of the scholars attending the male grammar school be examined by the county superintendent, in system.

for promotions,

presence of the president, visiting director of said

and the secretary, who should be authorized promote said scholars without reference to the board." A closer approach to perfect system was

school, to

whenC W.

superintendent of the schools.

made

progressive spirit of the times in this important matter.

and the board passed, the following resolution

in April, 1861,

Cooper, Esq., offered, :

We have

no doubt if the directors would move in the matter it would meet the approbation of all the friends At a meeting of the Lehigh County Association of Teachers, directors and friends of education, Feb. 23, 1851, the following resolutions were adopted, which clearly indicate the then existing

school system

" Besolvedy That a committee of three be appointed for the pnrpose of drafting questions for the different grades, and that the same be pre-

of public-school education."

need in the public-

sented to each scholar in attendance during the last week of the term,

and that the admission of scholars into schools shall be governed in accordance with such examination.'*

Among the citizens who interested themselves in public schools of the period of which

:

we have

Charles Davis, Esq., held a prominent place. " Resolved^

That the appointment of district Buperintendents is wisely recommended, and that the necessity for them is becoming daily more imperative. " Resoh-ed,

That in the opinion of the association much of the incompetency of teachers, at present so genera] a cause of complaint, would in a great degree be corrected bythe establishment of teachers' seminaries

under the control of

district superintendents."

David Menninger, Jonathan Schwartz, and Nathan Gaumer, participated in it. In the year 1856 the county superintendent reported that "

among

the ten first-class school-houses

;" and conthat of Lehigh Ward in Allentown tinued, " there are thirteen graded schools, well provided with outline maps, globes, orrery, blackboards,

is

president of the Teachers' and Directors' EducaAssociation,

tional

Eli J. Saeger, the late Rev. S. K. Brobst, and C. W. Cooper, Esq., to whom may well be applied the term

ler,

established in 1858, under the charge of R. W. McAlpine, " a young gentleman fully competent to the task." This vastly increased the influence of the educational system. In the same year the first schoolhouse built by the board of directors was erected on

Turner Street, above Eighth, in what was then known Previous to this all the schools as the North Ward. were kept in buildings erected for other purposes, but purchased by the board and converted into schoolThe new building at once took rank among houses. the best in the county. In 1859, by a vote of six to 12

Tilghman

moters of higher education, should be mentioned such men as Christian Pretz, R. E. Wright, Esq.,

oughs of Allentown and Catasauqua are the most assiduous in their attention to the schools.'' The Allentown High School for both sexes was

1852.

1858, also deserve to be mentioned. As active friends of the public schools at this period, as well as pro-

veteran school

etc.,

organized in

Good, elected county superintendent in 1860, and R. W. McAlpine, the first teacher of the high school and editor of the Teachers' Journal, which appeared in

but in the style and arrangement of the seats and desks, they are not equal to some in the rural districts. The directors of the bor-

geometrical blocks,

He was

appointed as one of the inspectors by the court, and afterwards was president of the school board. He had an able successor in Jonathan Reichard, Esq., who had the honor of successfully performing the work of grading the public schools and of being chosen the first

a county superintendent was to be elected, in 1854, the Allentown school directors, F. E. Samuels, C. H. Martin, Joseph Young, Jonathan Reichard,

When

the

written,

officer,

he having served from 1854

to

1872, with the exception of but a single year, either as county superintendent, school director, or control-

besides being one of the founders of Muhlenberg College and of the Seminary, in whose boards of trustees he still holds place. With the year 1866 began a new era in the educational history of Allentown. The various educational forces having attained their full development, then

rapidly assumed their final form. At a special meeting of the board of directors of the Allentown school Messrs. E. B. district, in January, 1866, at which

Young

(president), C.

W.

Cooper, T. Good, George J. Saeger, and

H. Hagenbuch, Boas Hausman, H.

were present, was taken the initiatory unanimous passage of the following reso-

J. S. Dillinger

step in the

lution

:

:

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

178

" Eesolvedf That, in the opinion of this board,

combine

all

the wards of this city in one school

it is

deemed policy

to

district.

" Re&olved, That Messrs. Saeger, Dillinger, and Cooper be a committee to draft sections covering the suggestions of the board, with

power

to

confer with a committee of the town councils."

The

was the act of 1866, conborough (which up to that time had comprised two) one school district, under the control of a board of controllers elected by the board of school directors of each ward, who were elected by the people. In the board of controllers was vested the right and title to all the property and the entire corporate powers of the district, and they were given power to establish schools, erect buildings, adopt textbooks and course of study, with rules and regulations, assess and collect taxes, receive and disburse moneys, appoint all teachers of grammar and high schools and a superintendent, and enter into all contracts and agreements on behalf of the district. To the boards of school directors of the different sections was reserved the power to elect the teachers below the grade of grammar, to admit pupils into and to visit the schools of their respective sections. These powers result of this action

stituting the entire

schools which were combined for that purpose, thus

aimed at by a resolution of C. W. Cooper in the board of directors in 1859, and by the Rev. Walker in 1864. The first high school commencement was held in 1869 in the Presbyterian Church, and the first diplomas were awarded to the class of 1874. The classes realizing the idea

graduating from 1869 to 1874 subsequently received diplomas also. The effect of having regular annual examinations, and promoting in accordance with proand there exhibited, was soon seen in

ficiency then

greater regularity of attendance

Because of the rapid growth of the

and thirty-seven

eight thousand

thousand and sixty-eight in 1870,

new school-house

sary to erect a in 1870

and one

in the

power

the erection of a

for each section.

The first duty incuijibent on the new board after the adoption of a course of study was the erection of a new school-house in the Fifth Ward, the initiatory steps toward which had been taken by the former board of school directors in the purchase of a lot for three thousand two hundred and fifty dollars. The

corner-stone of this structure was laid in May, 1867. Although there was considerable opposition mani-

when

the character of the building and its proposed cost became generally known, yet the board, united to a man, resolutely continued in its course. fested

city

from

in 1860 to fourteen it

was found

in the Sixth

Fourth Ward in 1872

;

neces-

Ward while,

on the other hand, the unsafe condition of those in Wards rendered their remod-

the Second and Third

tendent, and a further supplement, passed in 1871, increased the number of controllers from one to two

better attention

ciated.

being regarded as too limited on the part of the directors, a supplement passed in 1869 granted them the to participate in the election of city superin-

and

This was especially the case in the higher grades. Teachers, too, were stimulated to greater exertion, now that they saw their work was appreto study.

eling necessary,

and the same cause

new building

also necessitated

in the First

Ward

in

Further increase in population made necessary the erection of still another house, the one in the Eighth Ward, on Ninth Street, which was commenced 1874.

in 1881

and finished

in

November, 1882,

at a cost of

about seven thousand dollars. This building has four rooms, and the plan is such that two more can be easily added. In May, 1878, G. H. Desh was elected superintendent in place of Mr. Buehrle, and served until 1881, when the present superintendent, L. B. Landis, was

chosen as his successor. Mr. Landis had formerly taught in the Allentown schools, but had removed from town and served for several years as superintendent of the Hokendaqua schools prior to returning here and assuming his advanced position.

That accommodations were indispensably necessary was conceded by all, but the condition of the schools and school-houses was known to few outside of the board. So great was the want of room during the

and of a high standard of excellence. They are in~perfect harmony and accord with the higher educational

term of 1867-68 that the boys' high school was kept in a meat-shop eighteen by thirty feet, and the girls'

public high school

in the session

room of the First Presbyterian Church,

while from four to six lower grades were provided for rooms and tenement houses rented for school purposes. in Sunday-school

The

necessity for providing for regular examina-

tions soon

became apparent to the board, and they, May, 1867, appointed K. K. Buehrle the

therefore, in

teacher of the boys' high school, to conduct the examinations of all the schools in additions to his duties as teacher. In February, 1868, he was unanimously

appointed city superintendent, which office he held until 1878, being thrice re-elected, twice unanimously.

He

was

as principal ex officio required to devote

of his time

to giving

instruction

in

some

the two high

The

schools are

now

institutions of the town.

in a very prosperous condition

The favorable standing of the

by the fact that its graduates are admitted to Muhlenberg College on very is

slight examination.

superintendent

is

ex

attested

The high officio

school, of

which the

principal, has about one

hundred and twenty-five pupils, and the

total

in all of the schools (yearly enrollment) is

number

about three

thousand seven hundred. There are for the accommodation of this large number of scholars ten buildings, having an aggregate of sixty-seven rooms. Fifty-nine teachers are engaged in the instruction of

The following is a full and correct list, and contains the names of some who have been engaged in education here for many years High School. Superintendent, L. B. Landis; F. D. Raub, Miss A. S. Grammes, Miss Rosa Kessler. the children.

—

;

:

THE CITY OF ALLENTOWN. Ward

First

Building.

— Secondary,

W.

C.

179

(continued), grammar,

Butz,

physiology,

Advanced Primary, H. Maurice Romig, Miss Minnie Koonsj Primary, Miss

United

Emma

States, zoology, botany,

Miss Annie F. Schwartz;

Miss Hattie Bitterling, Rinker, Miss Mary Roth. Scholl,

Second W'lrd Buildings.

— Grammar,

history

of the

States.

— Sixth

of the United German, and book-keeping (optional), orthography, grammar, penmanship, drawing and arithmetic (continued), declamation and com-

Second Year.

Miss Ella

B. F. Abbott,

year, history

Miss Lavinia Busse; Secondary, Morris F. Cawley, Miss Emma Aschbach Advanced Primary, Miss A.

position for the entire course.

Keck, Miss Leah Fischel; Primary, Miss Ida Hausman, Mi?s Alice Kichline. Third Ward Building. Secondary, James Webb, Advanced Primary, Miss Clara Miss Ella Gabriel Primary, Miss Carrie B. Balliet, Miss Maggie Spatz Kichline, Miss Lizzie Steltz. Fourth Ward Building (Chew Street). Grammar, Secondary, H. S. J. W. Rodgers, Miss E. J. Haines Advanced Primary, Miss Moyer, C. H. Rhoads Annie Lind, Miss Annie Saeger; Primary, Miss

arithmetic (continued), algebra, German, general his-

Higli

;

J.

—

—

(continued), physics, astronomy, physical geography, moral philosophy, general review, declamation, and

;

composition during the entire course.

Ward Building (Tmaet

Street).

—Secondary,

Allentown Academy,

Miss Louise Mohr, Miss Emma L. Mills; Advanced Primary, Miss L. C. Berkemeyer, Miss L. C. Weaver Primary, Miss C. C. Christman, Miss L. A. Winters. Fifth Ward ^ai'Mmgr.— Grammar, G. P. Bates, Miss L. C. Busse-; Secondary,

into

;

Eighth

:

ers in said

'

6.

Academy. That there

obtained

reader, Secondary, First Fear.— Orthography, fourth primary geography, arithmetic (mental and written),

penmanship,* and drawing. Second Fear.— Orthography,

fifth reader,

common

lessons in school geography, arithmetic, etc., as above, dictation, abstracts, reviews, composition, elementary letters,

$1000

shall be admitted into said academy, in coosequence of said appropriation, any number of poor children of said provided with county that may at any time be offered, in order to be that the number so books and stationery and taught gratis; provided than four, and that admitted and taught shall at no time be greater he none of said children so admitted shall continue in said academy to two years; and be it taught gratis, should others apply, longer than appropriation shall be paid further provided that before any part of the or a majority of them, on the order or orders of said trustees, they, to the amount of $1000 have been shall duly certify that subscriptions and secured, to be paid for the use of said Academy, and that

" Sec.

1

etc.

:

ever applied in aid of otber measures to compensate a teacher or teachj

instruction, in-

geography, drawing on slate, oral instructions on business forms, letter-writing,

Allentown

thereof in the erection of a building or buildings, etc., and the purchasing of books, mathematical instruments, and the necessary philosophical apparatus, and the remaining SIOOO shall be placed in some tbe income thereof shall be forsafe and productive fund or funds, and

—

oral

come

did not

the

be applied to be paid to the treasurer of the institution, etc., to

fith,

(as before), lessons

it

:

C. Dunlap, Miss Mary J. McGee; Primary, Miss Bridget Gallagher, Miss Rose A. Crilly.

and manners. Advanced Pnmary.— Orthography, second, third, arithmeand fourth readers, penmanship, elementary

1819,

1. Be it ewded. That there shall be and hereby is established borough of Northampton (Allentown), in Lebigh County, an academy or public school for tbe education of youth in the English and otber languages, in the useful arts, sciences, and literature, by tbe name, style, and title of tbe Allentown Academy, under the care, direction, and government of six trustees, to wit Peter Rhoads, John Horn, Taylor, James Wilson, George Keck, Adam Keep, John Miller, and Jacob Martin, which said trustees and successors to be elected, as hereinafter mentioned, shall be and hereby are declared to be one body politic and corporate in deed and in law, by the name, style, and title of " the trustees of the Allentown Academy," etc. Sec. 6. That the sum of 82000 be and the same is hereby granted out of any unappropriated money in the treasury of this commonwealth,

Emma

cluding lessons on form, color, plants, animals, morals,

until

in tbe

;

drawing and writing on

— Although

Section

Nonnemacher; Advanced Primary, J. A. Conrad, Miss Alice Shock, Miss Carrie E. Koons Primary, Miss Mary A. Daubert, Miss Maggie Sykes, Miss L. Virginia Smith, Miss A. E. Young. Sixth Ward Building.— Secondnry, James F. GalAdvanced Primary, lagher, Miss F. A. McCafFerty

slate, oral

existence

as follows

William H. Albright, Miss

Ward Building.—Pnm&ry, Miss Sallie GrifMiss Annie Holmay, Miss Ida M. Knauss. Following is the course of study in the public (even schools, of which every branch prescribed those marked optional) have been studied since 1867 Alphabet, orthography, first, Primary &A00&. second, and third readers, elementary arithmetic,

actual

Academy was chartered by act of the Legislature in March, 1814. The important parts of this act were

E.

tic,

grammar,

—

;

Miss

— Reading,

and Constitution of the United and chemistry for girls. Second Year. Rhetoric, English literature, geometry and trigonometry, Latin, Greek (optional for girls), German, geology, chemistry for boys, and the Constitution of the United States for girls. Third Year. Rhetoric, Latin, Greek, and German

;

/

Year.

States for boys,

;

Fourth

First

tory, book-keeping,

—

Emma Weida.

School,

business forms,

etc.,

oral instruction in forms

morals of government, races, exports and imports,

and manners. Grammar, First Fe«i-.— Fifth reader, orthography, arithmetic geography, penmanship, drawing and

erect the building aforesaid." the trustees have proceededto

The for

last clause deferred the erection of the

several years,

and the

academy

original trustees

appear

the school into existto have done nothing to bring empowered to, ence even at such time as they were passed out of had which act, the 1819 in and hence The trustees then appointed force, was renewed. Martin, John J. were' James Wilson, Dr. Jacob John Siegel, and Fogel, John Romig, John Krause, kleckner. They immediately addressed them-

Philip

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

180

In an address which they pub-

selves to the work.

lished in the newspapers, afLer reminding the public

of the act of incorporation and the appropriation of two thousand dollars by the State on condition that

one thousand dollars should be subscribed by the citi"and yet, notwithstanding the above act has been passed now upwards of seven years, said condition has never been fuflUed. Surely this condition of things may continue no longer. In almost ever county of the State there are one or more academies in which the children of the citizens can be educated to moral excellence, and shall Lehigh stand alone as a pillar of darkness in the midst of the radiance of the surrounding light and intellectual refinement? We hope not, and therefore earnestly expect that all benevolent enterprising citizens in town or county will early avail themselves of the opportunity to call on Dr. Jacob Martin or John J. Krause, Esq., and contribute their share towards the attainment of an object so extraordinarily desirable and so easily to be accomplished." The object for which they labored was not realized until four years had passed, when in 1823 the trustees made the following announcement, "Since the required amount for the erection of the Allentown Academy is now subscribed and the undersigned dezens, they say,

to

sire

make

preparations this

summer

yet for

erection, the trustees are earnestly requested to for this

its

meet

purpose at the house of George Haberacker, Northampton, on Saturday, July

in the borough of

The

30.

trustees are Peter

Newhard, of Northamp-

Daniel Saeger, of North Whitehall ; Daniel. Eberhard, of Upper Milford; John Guth, of South Whitehall H. W. Knipe, of Upper Saucon Henry ton

;

;

;

;

Bitter, of Salisbury

'

and Philip Wint, of Upper

Saucon."

A building was erected at the corner of Walnut and Eighth Streets, which is still standing, and in 1827, Silas H. Hickox, who came from New England, took charge of the school. The academy at once secured a place in the front rank of the schools of the town and of the valley, and retained its position for many years. Mr. Hickox resigned in 1829 for the purpose of devoting himself to the legal profession,

and was succeeded by W. W. Wertz. After his term of service, and prior to 1853, the principals were Frederick Mancourt, Charles A. Douglass, R. S. McClenachan, and Robert Chandler. In 1852, Professor I. N. Gregory took charge of the school and remained principal until 1865. He was the most successteacher the academy ever had, and during the long period he was at its head the institution enjoyed the as

its

ful

utmost popularity. Dr. Murphy was engaged as principal in 1867, but remained only a short time, and it became apparent that the school had closed its era of usefulness.

Mr. Gregory, under authority of an act of the Leghad put a mortgage on the building for the

mortgage the property was sold by the sheriff in By this sale sixteen hundred dollars was realized over and above the amount of the judgment, and this sum was divided equally between Muhlenberg College and the Female Seminary. At a meeting of Eli J. Saeger, August Weidner^ George the trustees P. Weil, R. E. Wright, Henry Gabriel, and Dr. Alfred J. Martin— held July 15, 1881, Messrs. Wright and Martin were appointed a committee to convey the surplus to the two institutions mentioned. This was done on condition that each of them should grant one perpetual scholarship, of which the benefit should be received by such graduates of the public schools as this

1881.

—

the school controllers and directors should see

consummated, the

it,

and under

to

Academy resigned sine die. Muhlenberg College.' This

—

institution was organized in the year 1867 to meet a want long felt by many of the pastors and members of the Lutheran

Church

east of the

Susquehanna River.

Pennsylva-

nia College, at Gettysburg, where the Ministerium of

Pennsylvania for many years held two professorships, failed to meet the wants and develop the educational interests of the fifty thousand communicaS. The members of the Reformed faith of this church owned in earlier times a, parsonage in conjunction with three other congregations. About the year 1812 this house with the surrounding land was sold. The Reformed ministers were Rev. Philip J.. Michael, followed by the Rev. Peter Miller, who was the regular preacher of the Ebenezer Church. Heinrich Hertzel (Hentzel) also preached here for a time. Then came Roth. None of these preachers had been admitted to ordination. The congregation could not obtain the services of any minister from the Synod, and the congregation preferred having these rather than none. Johannes Roth was followed by

Rev. Conrad Steiner,

Jr.,

who was

a preacher from

the Synod, and served here from 1774 up to the close of 1777. He began the church records, which are in existence.

Rev. C. Steiner was called by sevand Peter Roth was again elected because the Synod would not send a minister. In the beginning of the present century Henry Dieffenbach came to this church, being sent by the Synod. He was followed, about the year 1816, by the Rev. still

eral other congregations,

John Zulich, and served till some time later. Rev. J. M. Bachman became his successor, and he is the present pastor.

1

By Bev.

W

A. Helflfrich.

The Lutheran

ministers

were Rev.

Herman

J.

LYNX TOWNSHIP. Daniel Lehmann, Frederick Geissen-

Schellhardt,

hainer, Johannes Knoske, G. F. J. Yaeger, Ellas B.

Kramlich,

Owen

Leopold, F. Zuber,

8. S. Klein,

H.

S. Fegley.

Lynnville.— The first person to build on the site of Lynnville was Valentine Stull, in the year 1806. He opened a store, which he carried on for many years.

He had

no children, but adopted a nephew of his wife, carried on the business after his uncle's decline. He (Haas) was elected to the

named Peter Haas, who

Legislature several terms, also served as associate

some years. John Sieberling built a house and opened it to the public. He was the landlord and proprietor of the Lynnville Hotel up to April, 1846, when his son James became possessor by purchase. The post-office at Lynnville was established in July, 1820, and John Sieberling made postmaster. He continued as such up to his death in De-

judge

for

in 1807,

cember, 1875.

and served

He

died at the age of ninety-two years,

as postmaster fifty-five years.

Bachman is the present The hotel is now the

Solomon W.

postmaster.

property of Dr. F. C. Sieber-

ling.

The village at present contains a hotel, school-house, harness and blacksmith-shops, and

post-office, store,

six dwellings.

The elections of the township were held at this place many years till 1879. At what is known as Green-

313

and keeps hotel and store and post-office, the latter having been established under Levi Kistler. In addition to the hotel, post-office, and store, there are two school-houses, depot of Schuylkill and Lehigh Railroad, a slate quarry, and about forty dwellings. Slate quarries were opened near Lynnport first about 1844, by James M. Porter, McDowell, and Daniel Jones, and the same who opened Slatington. David Folweiler was the superintendent. They have been worked more or less from that time. A mantel factory was started by Anthony Donnon, of Philadelphia, in 1860, and continued by Henry F. Martin. It is carried on by Jesse B. Keim, of Philadelphia.

Laurel Hill Mantel Factory was established in 1880 by Alvin F. Creitz, Moses K. Jacob, and Charles K. Henry, who sold to Potter & McHose, who are now running it. situated in the southeast corner

Stein's Corner of the township.

is

from that time

1865.

The land on which it is located was formerly owned by the Grinis. About 1855 Simon Lentz erected a hotel and was the landlord till

About 1875 a post-office was established with Joshua Weidaas postmaster, who kept it till his death, when he was succeeded by William Seaman, who retained the position

till

1884,

when William

Stein, the present

for

postmaster, was appointed.

on the Schuylkill and Lehigh Eailroad, a store was opened about 1850, and kept for a short time by

About 1874 William Stein opened a store, and has charge of the hotel, store, and post-office.

wait's,

Henry

—

Union Church

for Lutherans and Reformed. The church was founded in the year 1857, members of the Weissenberg, Lowhill, Lynntown, and Jerusalem communions uniting in forming a new congregation

here.

The

corner-stone was laid on the 30th of August,

now

called Raber's Corners, was which time Jonas Oswald, who owned a farm at the locality, built a hotel and store, which were kept by him for five or six years. A postoffice was also established at the place and kept by him till 1866, when it was removed to Mosserville.

Oswaldsville,

NeiT.

Peter's Church. ' This church stands upon an elevation along the Sieberlingsville road, south of Lynnville, and is in Lynn township. This is also a St.

now

started about 1860, at

New

Slatedale contains twelve or

fifteen dwell-

ings and a hotel kept by Joseph L. Lutz.

The

place

was started by the opening of slate quarries about 1854 by Daniel Faulk. Quarries are now worked by Lutz & Keever, and Griesemer & Brothers.

which occasion appropriate services were W. A. Helflfrich, the Reformed minister, and Rev. Siegli, the Lutheran minister. On Whit-Sunday the 23d and Whit-Monday the 24th days of May, 1858, the building was dedicated to the service of God. Sermons were preached by Revs. J. Derr, Jeremiah Schindel, and William A. Helffrich. Lyimport. Marcus Wannemacher was the original owner of the land on which Lynnport is situated.

have been held since 1879. Prior to that time they were held at Lynnville. The old stone house at this place was built by Andrew Straub, Jr., in 1817, his father, Andrew Straub, Sr., having taken up ninetytwo acres of land at that place on the 22d of March, 1800, and transferred it to his son, Andrew, on the 23d

He

of

1857, on

held by Rev.

—

lived in a house that stood near the railroad depot

Michael Everett, about the year 1814, erected a part of what is now the hotel, in which he lived, and opened a store for the use of the people roundabout. Levi Kistler, Feb. 8, 1843, opened a David and William Kistler tavern in the building. kept the store at the time. Lewis H. Oswald, the

by the

spring.

present proprietor,

came

to the place in April, 1865,

Keitz.

— At the store of Samuel Reitz,

May

who

the same year.

By Rev. W. A.

Helffrich.

It later

in 1849 erected a store

passed to John Ulrich,'

and kept

it

for

many years.

In 1862 Jonas Reitz purchased the property now owned by his son, Samuel.

An

Old Graveyard.— In

Kistler's Valley, in

Lynn

township, on the farm of Mr. Jonas J. Kistler (being the same farm which was formerly

owned by the

late

Rev. Samuel K. Brobst, deceased, grandfather of Philip Kistler, deceased,

1

nearly in the

centre of the township, the elections of the township

and Father Jacob Brobst, deceased), by the Moravians over a

exists a graveyard established

:

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

314

The

hundred years ago.

The

first

sacred spot

is Avell

preserved.

congregation brought into existence in those

was formed by Moravian missionaries from Bethlehem, and was called the Allemangel Moravian Church. Later, Rev. Muhlenberg established a church in the same vicinity, and called it the Allemangel Lutheran Church, now known as Jerusalem. The old Moravians' burial-ground is numerously parts

dotted with clayed mounds, underneath which repose

members of the ancient brotherhood from that section. Among them a preacher by the name of Wirs or Wirz. In the old burial-ground at Miller's, near the Baush

many

school-house,

old tablets are standing.

Some

of the names and dates are here given Christian Miller,

born June 25, 1706; died July

Sr.,

14, 1785,

age sev-

euty-nine yearp, nineteen days. Christian Miller, Jr., born Jan. 6, 1Y41 ; died Oct. Beven years, nine months, and three days.

Maria Elizabeth Hansin, born April

9,

1778, age thirty-

10, 1809; died Sept. 18, 1820,

age

eleven yearw, five months, eiglit days.

Anna

Elizabeth Miller, died Dec. 16, 1830, age seventy-three years,

one month, four days. Andreas Miller, died 1817, age seventy-eight years, three months. Salome Miller, wife of Jonas Miller, daughter of Jacob Bausch, born

May

20, 1802, age twenly-five years, six months, fourteen days. William F. Miller, son of Stephen Miller, born June 21, 1854, age eight months, twelve days. Mary Kuhns, wife of John Kuhns, died April 2, 1843, age forty-seven

years, nine months, fifteen days.

Mary

y

Catliilla,

daughter of John Kunhs, died Sept.

18, 1838,

age six-

teen years, eight months, twenty-eight days.

Apolona Ettinger, daughter of Peter Miller, died thirty-one years, ten months, three days. Peter Miller,

Sr.,

May

29, 1843,

age

months, three days. Maria Magdalena Miller, wife of Peter Miller, born Oct. 20, 1770, age ninety-three years, seven months, six days. David Miller, born Dec. 30, 1829, age twenty-nine years, four days. George Miller,born Feb. 10,1798, age sixty-seven years, three months, twenty-five days. 1,

1805, age sixty-nine

years, eight months, six days.

Anna Maria Custard, wife of George Custard, born April 15, 1760, age eighty-one years, nine months, ten days. George Custard, born April

25, 1750,

age sixty-three years, sixteen

days.

/

John Kuhns,

the Blue or Kittatinny Mountain, where they settled. As the country they had left was similar to that in the upper end of the county, to seek their

homes

died Sept. 20, 1830, age forty years, nine days.

it

was natural

for

them

in a land of like character.

few, however, settled early in the

A

Macungie Valley,

which became by the industry of these German setThe tlers, the most fertile in Eastern Pennsylvania. surface is generally level, although in some places rugged and somewhat broken. The first steps towards the formation of a township were taken in January, 1742. On Jan. 28, 1742, the territory was surveyed by Edward Scull, and contained twenty-nine thousand four hundred and forty acres

A petition was presented to the court of Bucks County, signed by Jeremiah Trexler (Drechsof land.

Peter Trexler,

ler),

Henry Sheath, John

Rowey, Peter Walbert,

erick

Jr.,

Eckel, Fred-

Philip Schmidt

(Smies), Joseph Albright (Albrecht), Jacob Wagner, Melchior Schmidt, George Steininger, Jacob Moyer (Meyer), George Hain, Adam Koch, Casper Moyer, Kayde Grim, and Adam Braus, in which they complained that "they had lived here these many years without having a township laid out." This petition was presented to court June 16, 1743, and the territory In 1743 it conas surveyed erected into a township.

—

more than fifty inhabitants, beyond the Lehigh Mountain. The road from Philadelphia, through the

tained six hundred and

any other

district

fact that the first

born Jan. 19, 1772, age eighty-three years, seven

Maria M. Miller, wife of George, born Jan.

Lehigh Mountain, thence followed an Indian trail in the western part of the county to the territory along

now

territory that

constitutes Jlontgoraery County,

and through Upper Milford to Jeremiah Trexler's tavern, at Trexlertown, was made in 1732, as the colonial records show, proves also that the population

had increased ingly

to

such an extent that they could

demand a public road

press-

Goshenhoppen, since the government was not too ready to open roads unless

to

urgent necessity demanded them.

authenticated fact that the

It is a well-

white inhabitants of Macungie township were Jeremiah Trexler and children, who came from Oley, Berks Co., as early as 1719, and settled at a place on Spring Creek, known first

Many of the the land along the Little Lehigh Creek, which flows into the Lehigh River at Allentown, as Schwart's farm, near Trexlertown.

titles to

CHAPTER XXVII.

show that

this section was one of the earliest settled, on account of the water facilities and the fertility of

UPPER MACUNGIE TOWNSHIP.'

the

The settlement of the territory now known

Upper iind Lower Macungie township, was commenced about the year 1730. Macungie (Mauck-Kuntshy) is an In-

^

as

dian name, and signifies

When

tlie "eating-place of bears." food became scarce along the mountains, the

bears would

come into the valley for it hence the name. The land was overgrown with scrub-oak, and was supposed to be worthless by most of the early

soil.

now Macungie, became the centre around which many emigrants from Wiirtemberg and French Protestants settled, whose descendants became German, and to-day number among the most prosperous and honored citizens. These brave pioneers came Millerstown,

to this

;

immigrants, and, as a consequence,

many

crossed the

culties,

They had

suffered untold misery under the tyranny of Europe, and sought here civil and religious liberty

and '

By Rey, M.

J.

Krnmlich.

new country surrounded by unspeakable diffiand made it one of the loveliest spots on earth.

equality.

They had

to " earn their bread

by the sweat of their

UPPER MACUNGIE TOWNSHIP. brows," and the present generation can form no correct idea of the difficulties they had to encounter and the many hardships they were obliged to endure.

Nor was the education of

Many brought

their children neglected.

their teachers with them,

and they saw

The German A, B, C book, the Psalter, and the Testament, among others, were their text-books. They were God-fearing men and women, and made an early

to

it

that their children were properly educated.

churches wherever practicable, in which they could worship God according to the dic-

effort to establish

tates of their consciences.

Early Roads.— The first public road in the township from Trexlertown to Goshenhoppen, as already mentioned, was laid out in 1732. In March, 1749, a petition was presented to the court of Bucks County for "a new road from Wiester's plantation (farm) to the place called Jourdan (Jordan), and to Guth's mill, thence to the great road called Maconschy (Macungie) road." This petition was signed by Peter Drexler, John Lichtenwallner, Heinrich Steininger, Jacob Schlanch, Lorenz Schadt, Bernhardt Schmidt, Frederick Eomich, Heinrich Drexler, Peter Haas, and others. The road from Easton to Beading, passing along Trexlertown, was not laid out until 1753. On March 22, 1757, a petition, signed by the inhabitants of the township and many others, was presented to the court of Northampton County, setting forth the difficulties they labor under for want of a road from "the county line on or near the land now or late of Jobst Henry in Macungie aforesaid, and from thence the highest and best way to Easton." The court appointed as commissioners George Knauss, Lewis Klotz, Thomas Armstrong, Jeremiah Trexler, Melchior Schmidt, and Frederick Eomich, to view and lay out the same. The report of the commissioners was submitted to the court, and confirmed June 2, 1757.

Constables,

—The

first

constable of

whom

there

is

any record was John Brandenburg, appointed in 1737. Joseph Olbert was appointed constable by the Court of Quarter Sessions, held at Easton, in October, 1752. Adam Braus was appointed Sept. 16, 1755. Licenses Granted. There is no record of a license granted to Jeremiah Trexler, who kept a tavern at Trexlertown as early as 1732. Conrad Culp applied for a tavern license in 1737, and John Trexler in 1737, which appear to be the first licenses granted by the Bucks County court. John Bieber received a license At the June session of the in September, 1758. Nortbampton County court, in 1759, licenses were granted to the following Michael Henninger, Philip Hemel, George Strother, and Samuel Depue; in 1760, to George Guth and Michael Henninger; in June, 1786, to Jeremiah Trexler, Peter Haas, Philip Knauss, Joseph Savitz, Henry Schweyer, Christian Hartman. At the May term, in 1815, of the Lehigh County court, licenses were granted to George Christman, George Miller, and Jonathan Diehl, of Millerstown. About

—

:

315

the year 1818 the court issued licenses to Moses Cain,

George Miller, Peter Wolf, Henry Keck, Peter Haas, Charles Trexler, and William Haines. Description of the Present Township.— Macungie township was divided into Upper and Lower Macungie May 3, 1832. The township of Upper Macungie, under this division, is bounded on the northeast by South Whitehall, on the southeast by Lower Macungie, on the north and northwest by Lowhill and Weissenberg, and on the southwest by Berks County. It has an area of twenty-four and one-half square miles, It or fifteen thousand six hundred and eighty acres. In 1840 it had a population of is densely populated. one thousand seven hundred and sixty-nine, and since then it has increased to three thousand and twentythree (1880).

The

surface

is

generally level, and the soil

mostly

is

limestone, with the exception of a small strip in the

northern and western portion, which

is

of slate forma-

In the eastern part is Chapparal Ridge, which, however, is fast losing its character under the influence of the progressive spirit of its inhabitants. Haas' tion.

Hill, in the southeastern part,

in the township. is

The

Wheat,

very productive.

is

the highest elevation

soil is carefully cultivated

the staple productions.

rye, corn,

Iron ore

is

and

and

oats are

found in large

quantities in the vicinity of Breinigsville, Fogelsville,

and Trexlertovfn.

such as

It is of the different kinds,

and red sheen. The Crane and the Thomas Iron Companies control most of the leases. TheCatasauquaand Fogelsville Railroad runs through the township, with the Farmington Branch, from Trexlertown to Farmington, and the Crane Branch, built in 1883, from the main road, starting at a point about a mile above Trexlertown, and extending a disrock, pipe, black

tance of about three miles to Lichtenwallner

The branches were

ore-beds.

&

Laros'

built chiefly for the

purpose of conveying the ore to the main road, and thence to the furnaces at Oatasauqua and Hokendauqua.

Numerous

among the

drain the land.

creeks

most important

is

Among

Macungie Creek, which

hills in the vicinity of Ziegel's

the

starts

Church,

flows in a southeasterly direction toward Trexlertown,

where

empties into Spring Creek, which flows into

it

the Little Lehigh near the Iron Bridge in

The northern

cungie.

Lower Ma-

portion of the township

is

drained by Haas' Creek, which empties into the Jordan. Cedar or Schantz's Spring, the source of Cedar Creek,

and "

is

in the southeastern part of the township,

its strength and uniformity as Cedar Spring furnishes abundant power for the mills erected along the stream. This spring received its name from the cedar-trees that had overgrown the hills surrounding it, which, however, have all disappeared. There are three grist-mills, two saw-mills, and a tannery in this township. The population in 1880 was three thousand and twenty-

is

remarkable for

to quantity of water."

three.

HISTOEY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

316

JUSTICES OF THE PBACB.l 1840.

David Schall. Willoughby Fogel.

1866.


wZ) signifies "an oak tree." It is

name or, in

of a town, ten miles from Prague, German, " Eichen" or " Aycha."

now

generally called

Dubs family were followers of the celebrated John Huss, and that during the dreadful wars which followed his martyrdom, in 1415, they were compelled to flee from their native country. In 1446 we find them in the province of Styria {SteyerTradition has

it

that the

religious reformer,

Soon afterwards the head of the family distinguished

himself in an expedition against the Swiss, and received the honor of knighthood at the hands of Maximilian I,, who afterwards became em-

was at that time acting as regent of the empire. The knight is described as having been and this estate was a few years ago still iu possession of some of his descendants. According to an undisputed tradition, a younger son of the knight above mentioned left Austria on account of some trouble with the government, and settled at Birmensdorf, a few miles from the city of Zurich, in Switzerland. It is supposed that he was unwilling to submit to the rules of the Roman Catholic Church, and fled to Switzerland to escape persecution. Here, he became an iron.worker, and accumulated conAt the beginning of siderable wealth by the manufacture of weapons. the Reformation the Swiss branch of the family joined the Reformed Church and it is recorded in the chronicle of the church at Aflfoltern a branch of the church at Birmensdorf— that an armorer named Dubs was killed by the side of Zwingli, at the battle of Cappel, in l-'iSl. This armorer was probably a son or grandson of the original immigrant. The family in Switzerland had never been numerous. Its members have at all times manifested a remarkable tendency for working in iron, and they have carried this tendency with them to foreign lands. In Switzerland, several members of the family have been active in the construction of railroads, and one, at least, became eminent as a builder of bridges. The late President of Switzerland, Dr. Jacob Dubs, first became eminent in connection with the railroad system of his native country. A branch of the family has removed to Great Britain, and Dubs & Co., of Loudon and Glasgow, are well-known builders of locomotives. Several members of the Swiss family emigrated to America during the last century, and all of these, it has been said, were " cousins, nearer peror, but

4,

1750, thirty-three acres.

Christian Steinmyer, June

5,

1751, one hundred and

fifty acres.

Jacob West, Oct. 9, 1751, forty acres. Batzer Fetterman, Aug. 14, 1752, fifty-two acres. Michael Stocker, 1740, about one hundred and fifty

which is now in possession of Charles Johnson. Henry Bitting, 1740, about one hundred acres. Henry Eutler, about 1740, fifty acres. Yost Hengle (Hinkel).

acres,

Michael Peace. Conrad Irig.

John Wetzel. John Schaub. Andreas Bastian, thirty-two acres

fifty

perches.

John Gisell. Samuel Bechtel. Christopher Bayer, warrant Oct.

18, 1738,

one hun-

dred and fifty-one acres. George Hereft (or Hooft), over one hundred acres in Milford, about 1740;

now

in

possession of

Samuel Musselman, Abraham Musselman, and William Gehman.

Sketches of Prominent Pioneer Families and Individuals. Jacob Dubs, the founder of the Dubs

—

Among

the latter number was the subject of the present

marck) in Austria,

Michael Eischel, Aug.

when

he was about twenty-two years old, Jacob Dubs, Jr., determined to emigrate to America, taking with him his little patrimony, and leaving the homestead to his younger brother. He sailed from Rotterdam, in the ship " Dragon," Charles Hargrave, master, and landed in Philadelphia, Sept. 10, 1732. Immediately after their arrival immigrants were taken to the old courthouse, on Second Street, where they were required to sign an oath of allegiance to King George the Second. There were on this occasion one hundred and eighty-five passengers, of whom fourteen were

"Duba,"

Steffler,

in Lehigh County, and one of the what is now Lower Milford, was

born in the village of Aesch, parish of Birmensdorf, on the 31st of August, 1710. He was the son of Jacob Dubs, and his wife Anna Glaettli, of Bachstetter, who were married in the parish church at Birmensdorf, March 24, 1705.^ There were several sons, but all except Jacob died in childhood. Then the mother died, and the father married a second time and had

also the

March 2, 1744, fifty-seven acres. Gabriel Kohler, March 18, 1746, seventy-five acres. Johann Michael Kieler, June 6, 1746, sixty-four

Upper

Dubbs) family'

earliest settlers in

1

12,

1741, fifty acres.

Jacob

(or

355

received from his sovereign an estate, which " a clearing in the imperial forest,"

;

—

or 2

more remote." These dates are taken from the records of the church at Birmens-

dorf, Switzerland.

For the European history of the family we are prin-

cipally indebted to Dr, Jacob Dubs, late President of the Swiss confed-

eration,

whom

the writer visited at his

of August, 1878, a few

months before

home

in Lausanne, on the 24th

his death.

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

356

Henricus Goetschius. His sponsors Brunner and his wife, Barbara.^ This orthography is now usual umong his descendants, When about twenty-one years of age he lost his life and has been occasionally employed for at least a in a somewhat singular manner. He had started to century. take a load of farm produce to Philadelphia, and on Very soon after his arrival in America, Jacob Dubs the way sjsent a night at North Wales, at the inn kept occupied a tract of land in what is now Lower Milford by Matthias Schwenk, whose daughter, Elizabeth, township, Lehigh Co. Here, near the head-waters of was subsequently married to his brother, Daniel. a branch of the Perkiomen, he built a log house. It Rising early in the morning, while it was dark, he fell was situated in the meadow, on the opposite side of into the well, which, it seems, was not well covered, the road from the present dwelling. The country and was drowned. He was unmarried. was almost a wilderness, and on three sides of his She was born April 5, 1744, and was 2. Barbara. farm the land was still unoccupied. On the fourth baptized by Rev. G. M. Weiss. Her sponsors were side lay the farm recently taken up by Henry Wetzel, Jacob Wetzel and Barbara Wetzel. Barbara was a native of Wurtemberg. The first tract of land purmarried to Daniel Boyer, and had several children. chased by Jacob Dubs consisted of one hundred and Mr. Boyer sold his farm at the beginning of the Revofifty acres, "with the usual allowance of six per lution, and being paid in depreciated Continental cent." It was surveyed by Nicholas Scull, and the money, was thus reduced to poverty. He and his warrant for the purchase issued by the Lords Propri- family therefore moved to the West, and were among etaries, John Penn and Richard Penn, on the 28th of the earliest settlers of Tennessee. Many years afterDecember, 1734. This tract was subsequently in- wards he visited Pennsylvania for the purpose of paycreased by additional purchases. ing some old debts. Soon after his arrival Jacob Dubs became a mem3. Margaretha. This daughter was born in 1746, ber of the Eeformed Church at Great Swamp. His and was baptized by Rev. G. M. Weiss. Her sponsor name appears on the earliest extant list of the at baptism was Anna Marie Wetzel. She became members of this congregation. the second wife of Jacob Dillinger, and had several The date of his marriage has not been accurately children. Most of the Dillingers in Lehigh County ascertained. His wife's name was Veronica Welker. are descended from Mr. Dillinger's children by his She was born in Europe, but had relatives in Amer- former marriage, but the late Daniel Dillinger, of ica; and it appears likely that she was a sister of Lower Milford, was her son. George Welker, of Goshenhoppen, who speculated 4. Daniel. He was born Oct. 5, 1748, and baptized extensively in land, and whose name, therefore, apon the 28th day of the same month by the Rev. G. 31. pears in many ancient deeds. She is said to have Weiss. His sponsors were Daniel Christman and his been a woman of some education, and we have been wife, Margaret. As Daniel was the only surviving informed by one of her great-granddaughters that son, he became the progenitor of all who now bear when the country began to be settled she gathered the family name. the children of the neighbors in her kitchen and 5. Elizabeth. Born Oct. 16, 1750. Her sponsor at taught them to read. baptism was Elizabeth Huber. Elizabeth was marHer husband, Jacob Dubs, appears to have been an ried to Mr. Jacob Haak, of Berks County, and from intelligent man. He wrote an excellent hand, as ap- her many of the Haaks, Sells, and other well-known pears from certain fragments of his manuscript which Berks County families are descended. She is said we have seen in the collection of the Historical So- to have been a pei-son of extraordinary physical ciety of Pennsylvania. His neighbors called him strength. Her husband was a miller, and curious " ein Tauseiid-kiinstkr," which is a polite way of say- stories are related concerning her skill in handling " ing that he was a Jack of all trades." Guns were bags of grain and flour. Mr. Haak grew wealthy, brought to him from a great distance to be repaired, and lived in a style which was regarded as luxuand he made axes and other implements, which were rious. In his later years he was always attended by known far and wide. For the use of his family he an aged negro slave, who understood his peculiarities made a musical instrument, called " ein Fliigel " or and did his best to humor his whims. When slavery in English, a harpsichord,— an instrument which is was abolished in Pennsylvania his master jocularly now superseded by the piano. He was fond of writino- said, " Now, Sam, you are a free man. You may go and in later years, when the harpsichord was out of where you plea.se !" The old man solemnly shook his order, its case was filled with his manuscripts. These head and replied, " No, no, master; you can't get rid remained for a long time in the garret, and were finally of me dat way. You have eat de meat, you must pick burned unread by the wife of one of his descendants. de bone !" Mrs. Haak survived her husband, and Jacob and Veronica Dubs had five children died at an advanced age. He was born Feb. 28, 1738, and was bap1. Felix. sketch,

and on account of his absence his name was clerii: as "Jacob Dubbs.'"

entered on the records by a

1

Seo Bupp's CoUection,

etc.,

secojd edition,

p. 83.

tized

by Rev.

J.

at baptism were Felix

2 See " Kecords of Great Swamp Church" for entries conoerning birth and baptism. These have in some instances been corrected or supplemented from records in the possession of the family.

a

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. In 1772, Jacob Dubs, the father of the children we have here enumerated, sold his land to his son Daniel, and probably died soon afterwards. His wife lived

357

of his father's farm, and built a house on

it, in which he lived to the end of his life. Of his five children the only one still living is Daniel Dubbs, of Locust several years longer. They are no doubt buried in the Valley. One of his grandsons, Jacob J. Dubbs, Great Swamp churchyard, but their tombstones have son of the late Jesse Dubbs, graduated in 1883 at become illegible. Muhlenberg College, and is now pursuing his studies Daniel Dubs, the son of the pioneer, in his youth in Yale Theological Seminary, New Haven, Conn. experienced some of the dangers of frontier life. The An elder brother of the latter was a soldier in the late country was almost in its primeval condition, and the civil war, and lost his life at Petersburg, Va. Indians were not far away. There were wolves in the This son removed at an early date to 3. Henry. woods near, his father's house, and in his childhood .the neighborhood of Hamilton, Butler Co., Ohio. He he frequently amused himself by imitating their bark- was by trade a potter. We believe he has no descending. Once, while he was doing this, a hungry wolf ants bearing the family name, but the wife of Rev. ran out of the woods to attack him but he ran to an F. W. Berleman, pastor of Salem Reformed Church, open window, and his mother drew him in. She must Philadelphia, is his granddaughter. have been a strong woman. He removed in 1835 4. Daniel, born April 7, 1786. Daniel grew up to be a man of almost gigantic to Miamisburg, Ohio, and was twice married. One of frame. He was all his life an earnest, consistent his daughters, Sophia, wife of Hon. A. Clay, died Christian. At an early age he was confirmed, and Nov. 20, 1882. His youngest son, Daniel L., was a became a member of the Reformed Church at Great young man of great promise. He graduated at HeidelSwamp, and on the 12th of May, 1782, he was or- berg College, Tiffin, Ohio, and, after teaching school dained a deacon. Subsequently he was almost con- for some time at Coplay, Lehigh Co., studied theology stantly an officer in the church, either as elder or at Mercersburg. It was during the war for the presdeacon. He always took a profound interest in the ervation of the Union, and, moved by patriotism, he welfare of the congregation, and for several years the entered the army. His talents were recognized, and pastor, who was an unmarried man, made his home in he was promoted from the ranks to the office of first his house, where he gratuitously received " entertainlieutenant, and was acting as captain when he was ment for man and horse." mortally wounded in the attack on Petersburg. His About 1771, Daniel Dubs was married to Elizabeth early death was a source of great grief to all his Schwenk, a daughter of Mathias Schwenk, who sub- friends. sequently became a militia captain during the Revodied Nov. 25, 1869. 5. John, born Sept. 5, 1788 lutionary war. Soon after his marriage he erected a This son remained at home, and to him, in 1815, his large house, which is still standing. It was the first father transferred his farm. He was a gunsmith and* brick house built in what is now Lehigh County. In general iron-worker, and during the war of 1812 made many other respects Daniel Dubs proved himself a many hundreds of muskets for the government. For man of energy, and a whole cluster of mechanical en- a short time during this war he served as lieutenant Besides farmterprises grew up under his direction. in a company of militia. At one time the augers and ing, he had a mill and saw-mill, made sickles and other implements manufactured by him were very carded wool, and practiced we know not how many extensively used. He was married to Elizabeth He was regarded as a very useful man, Klein, and had two children, Annie Maria (married •other trades. and enjoyed the respect of the entire community, It to Charles J. Ewald) and Aaron K. The latter died The daughter in 1874, leaving a son and daughter. is said that he was the first to sow clover-seed within the present limits of Lehigh County. He brought has recently been married to the Rev. Mr. Hillpot, of packages of seed from Philadelphia in his overcoat Dauphin County. died May 24, 1880. 6. Solomon, born Oct. 10, 1794 pockets, sowed it, and guarded its increase carefully He resided first in Whitehall, and afterwards in Salisuntil he was able to institute experiments on a more bury township. During his later years he devoted extensive scale. He died Sept. 22, 1828. Daniel and Elizabeth Dubs had a large family, of much attention to the culture of bees, and had one of whom four or five died in early childhood. On the the finest apiaries in the county. He had two sons, Robert and Harrison, and a daughter named Delia, 25th of July, 1777, their two eldest children were

—

—

;

;

—

;

buried in a single grave.

The

children

who

survived

were seven in number, six sons and one daughter. They were as follows She was married to 1. Anna Maria, born 17, 1777. Henry Eberhard. Two of her children are still living Michael D. Eberhard and Mrs. at an advanced age, Catharine Dickenshied (widow of Dr. C. F. Dicken«hied), both of Allentown. 2. Jacob, born June 21, 1779. He purchased a part :

—

who

are

still

living in Salsburg township, near Allen-

town. 7.

Joseph

S.,

became a

born Oct.

16,

1796

;

died April 14,

and was long prominently identified with the Reformed Church in Lehigh 1877

;

minister,

County.' Balthasar Krauss (or Krausz) and his mother,

1

See

AUentown

:

history of ZioD's

Reformed Church.

Anna

;

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

358

Krauss, a widow, in September, 1733, came with some first of the Schwenkfelders to this country. He married, Jan. 16, 1786, Susanna Hoffman (who fol-

of the

lowed him from the old country in September, 1734), and settled in the most southern part of the present township of Lower Milford (Kraussdale) in the year 1749. He purchased a farm of two hundred acres, which was surveyed Sept. 20, 1734, to a George Schumacher (Shoemaker). Krauss obtained a patent on this land, Dec. 16, 1749, for thirty-one pounds.

sold the same, Feb.

Krauss,

He

1772, to his son, Balthasar

7,

seven hundred pounds, and died two Feb. 25, 1774, aged over sixty^eight years, leaving one son, Balthasar, and four daughters,— Rosina, married to George Heydrick Susanna, maryears

Jr., for

later,

;

ried to Baltzer Yeatrel

;

Barbara, married to George

Urffer and Maria, married to Mathias Gerhard. George Heydrick settled in the present county of Montgomery, and the others in what is now Lower ;

Milford.

Balthasar Krauss,

Jr.,

purchased Sept.

12,

1793, from Jacob Probst another tract of almost one

hundred and thirty-seven acres for sixteen hundred and forty-eight pounds, and sold the same June 4, 1803, to his two sons, John and Andrew Krauss, for seventeen hundred and seventy-five pounds. He donated, prior to 1800, one acre of his other land to the Schwenkfelders for school and church purposes and a burial-place, and sold the other part of his real

property to his youngest son, George Krauss, Aug. 17, 1805, for fourteen hundred and ninety dollars. He died October 14th the same year, aged over sixty-one

and left three sons (John, Andrew, and George iCrauss) and four daughters (Eegina, married to Jeremiah Krauss; Helena, married to Jacob Gerhard; years,

Susanna, married to Hunsberger; and Lydia, married to Jeremiah Yeakel ). John Krauss was a welleducated man, having attended the well-conducted schools of the Schwenkfelders, near his birthplace.

He became a prominent surveyor, and also a machinist. He died Feb. ]2, 1819, and left two sons (Anthony Krauss and Joseph Krauss) and two daughters (Maria and Lydia). Andrew Krauss became an organ-builder, and made when he was nineteen years old, with his brother,

John Krauss,

the

in the year 1790.

first

He

pipe-organ in Pennsylvania, died

May

aged over sixty-nine years, and left five sons (George S., Samuel, John, and David Krauss) and three daughters (Regina, Leah, and Rebecca). George Krauss died June 22, 1844, aged over sixty-one years, and left five sons (Jacob, Henry, Jonathan, Daniel, and Charles Krauss) and two daughters (Sarah and Elizabeth). The de11, 1841,

scendants of the Krausses, at present numerous are still living in Lower Milford and the upper part of Montgomery County, and are all respectable and useful citizens.

HeinrichWilhelmDillinger

(or Dielinger), ancestor

of the Dillinger family in the country, immigrated to this country in 1728 with seventy-nine other Palatines

in the ship "

Mortonhouse."

and below the present one hundred and fifty

He

settled in 1734 near

and took up which he erected soon afterwards a house, where he lived a period of over thirty-one years. He took up in 1752 another tract, called Gaul, of twenty-three acres and one hundred and twenty-six perches, and later several Dillingersville,

acres of land, on

other small tracts adjoining his

first,

altogether over

two hundred and thirty-eight acres. He was a true Lutheran Christian took a leading part in laying the foundation of the original Lutheran congregation ot ;

Upper dren,

He

Milford.

and 1770.

departed this

— Valentine,

life

He

His wife died in 1761.

between 1765 left

seven chil-

John George, John Jacob, Jo-

Anna Catharina (married to Mathias Bastian), Anna Elizabeth (married to George Welter), and Anna Maria (married to John Martin Schwenck). Two ot hannes,

his sons,

John George and John Jacob, divided

the

between themselves. J. Jacob obtained 1760, July 2d, a patent on the old homestead (one hundred and fifty acres). Of Valentine Dillinger we only know that he had a daughter named Anna Rosina, born March 15, 1751. Johannes probably died single. John Jacob Dillinger purchased in 1788 of Peter Schuler one hundred acres, on which the presreal estate

ent Dillingersville

wards an

oil-mill

is

on

located.

this tract,

He

erected soon after-

which he ran

for about married Catharine, daughter of Mathias Ox (orOchs), Sr., by whom he had four children,— Mathias, born March 26, 1763; John, born Nov. 13, 1767 Eve Christina, born Aug. 26, 1764

He

fifteen yeara.

;

and Maria Catharina, born Sept.

3,

1773.

His wife

died about 1774.

He

berger

May 24, 1779 and John George, He divided his land among his

married second time Anna Maria, daughter of Jacob Dubs, by whom he had three children,— Catherine, married to Peter RothenDaniel, born

;

born Oct.

7,

1780.

;

and died Dec. 5, 1803, aged seventy-one John George had eight children,— John Peter, John Henry, John George, and Daniel daughters, Eva Rosina, Eva Catharina (intermarried to Jacob Bertz), Gertrude, and Anna Maria. John George children,

years.

;

Dillinger sold, 1787, his real property, eighty-eight acres to his son, John (or John Henry) for £400, who sold in 1797 to

John George Schuler for £800, and purchased the same year the farm of his father-in-law, Mathias Ox, Jr., one hundred and sixty-two acres.

John H. and

left

Dillinger, son of John George, died in 1839, three sons,— William, Henry, and John, and

one daughter, Elizabeth.

John Jacob

John Dillinger, son of Dillinger, established about 1805 a store,

and kept the samo a few years, and sold his property to Lorenz and Daniel Stabler and removed to Philadelphia, where he died and left three children,— David, Jacob (who was for a number of years one of the associate judges of the courts of Lehigh County, and also for a number of years president of the Allentown Bank), and Rebecca. Descendants of the Dillingers are

still

numerous, living in Lower Milford,

—

UPPEK AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. Savicon, Allentown, Philadelphia, Ohio,

and Indiana, and are respectahle and useful citizens. Johann Theobald Mechlin, a Palatinate, came to this country in the summer of the year 1728, and settled, in the year 1734, in Upper Milford (now Lower Milford). He took, in pursuance of a warrant, dated June 23, 1734, one hundred and fifty-six and onequarter acres. He was a Lutheran, and took a leading part in founding the old or original Upper Milford Lutheran congregation, about the year 1735, about half a mile east from his farm. Mechlin took two additional tracts and obtained a patent on them. He died in April, 1765, and left five sons, Theobald, Peter, Jacob, Philip, and Thomas Mechlin, and one daughter, Elizabeth (married to Leonhard Stiminger, of Whitehall township). The youngest son, Thomas, purchased the farm at £266 13s. 4d. When Thomas Mechlin died, his son, John, became the owner of the farm. He sold March 18, 1847, to his son, Anthony, for $7875.90; who sold about 1876 to his two sons, William Harrison Mechling and Benjamin Franklin Mechling, the present owners. This is the only homestead in Milford the ownership of which has not changed in name since the warrant was taken, over one hundred and fifty years. (or Stabler), a Palati-

nate, immigrated to this country in the year 1738, settled in

what

in the year 1744.

is

He

now Upper Milford first

township,

took up a tract of land

upon a warrant dated Oct. 11, 1744, containing twenty-six acres and iifty-one perches, and purchased on the 6th of September, 1759, by agreement from

Henry his

Schiszler (Sheezler), another tract (adjoining

first tract)

containing one hundred and forty-nine

and three-quarter

acres (one

acres eleven perches).

He

tracts Oct. 5, 1761, at

£27

hundred and seventy-six

obtained a patent on both

The premises

5s. Gd.

are

situated about one mile southwest from the village

of Zionsville.

A

acres, is still in

part of the same, over seventy -nine possession of Charles F. Stabler, a

Johann Nicolaus John N. Stabler resided on his premises for fifty years, and died in September, 1794, and left Anthony, John Nicholas, Jr., Philip, Ludsix sons, wig, Henry, and Peter Stabler. In his last will and direct descendant of the aforesaid

Stabler.

—

testament, dated Sept. 17, 1794, he appointed his son, Stabler, as his executor. His real estate was

Ludwig

divided between two of his sons, (seventy-nine

hundred

acres

and

forty

thirty-three

pounds)

— Henry perches,

and Peter

Stabler for

five

Stabler

(eighty-six acres sixty-seven perches, for five hun-

—

His four other sons Andred and ten pounds). settled elseJ. Nicolaus, Philip, and Ludwig

—

thony,

where

in

Upper

Milford.

Anthony

— Abraham,

24,

1797,

—

Eli,

David, and Daniel

— and

four daughters.

Ludwig

Stabler, son

of

John Nicolaus

Stabler,

was appointed justice of the peace for several terms, 1787-1821. He died and left three sons Christian, David, and John Nicolaus Stabler and five daughters. Henry Stabler, son of Johannes Nicolaus StabAnthony, Henry, ler, died in 1819, and left five sons Thomas, Cyrus, and Isaac Stabler and five daughters.

—

—

—

—

Peter died without children. son of

Anthony

Stabler, Sr.,

The descendants numerous, and Allentown.

Hans Oord

Anthony

Stabler, Jr.,

was appointed justice of

the peace for about ten years,

— 1799-1809.

of Johannes Nicolaus Stabler are

still

living in Milford, Macungie,

(Ord, Ort or Ortt) or

John

and

Ortt, ancestor

of the Ortt family in Lehigh County, immigrated

from the old country, Germany, to this country about came soon afterwards to Upper Milford, and settled on a tract of land containing two hundred acres and one hundred and thirteen perches. This tract is situated on the division-line between Upper and Lower Milford townships, about one and

the year 1737, and

one-half miles northeast from the present village of

Vera Cruz.

and about the same distance east from was surveyed by virtue of a warrant 1738, to Hans Oord, and he obtained a April 11, 1761, for £69 14s. 5d. Hans

It

dated Sept. 11, patent upon

it

Oord, Sr., and his wife, Sabina, conveyed their real property (two hundred acres and one hundred and thirteen perches) to their son (no doubt only son),

John Oord, Jr., on Nov. 27, 1779, for eight hundred John Oord (Ord, and later Ortt) died Dec. 25, 1797, aged forty-eight years, four months, and ten days, and left four sons John, Christian, Henry, and Jacob Ortt and four daughters, Eve (married to Jacob Deisz), Anna Maria (married to Conrad Reinhard), Maria Catharina, and Maria Barbara (both of pounds.

—

—

whom

died single).

—

According to the

Hans Oord,

testament of

Jr. (or

John

last will

and

Ortt, Jr.), the

was divided among his four sons as folJohn Ortt (3d), eldest son, homestead with one hundred and four acres one hundred and twenty-eight perches, for £2200 16s. Christian Ortt, second son, seventy-two acres one hundred and thirty-five perches, for £1165 8s. Henry and Jacob Ortt, third and fourth sons, thirty-nine acres fifteen perches, for £586 8s. real property

lows:

;

;

Descendants of the Ortts are still living in Milford and are respectable citizens, but the old homestead is in possession of Peter Schuler, and a portion of the land in possession of John B. Gehman, Willoughby Gabel, and Solomon Gabel. Hans Hiestand, an ancestor of the Hiestands, im-

Stabler, Sr., died

migrated prior

—

country, and settled in

and left three sons, Anthony, Jr., John, Nicolaus, and Henry, and five daughters. John Nicolaus Stabler, Jr., died and left three sons Loren, Daniel, and Jacob Stabler and three daughDec.

Philip Stabler died and left eight children,

four sons

Dillingersville,

Johann Nicolaus Stabler and

ters.

359

to the

year 1740 from

Upper

Germany

west from the present village of Shimersville. tue of a warrant dated Dec.

veyed

to

to this

Milford, about one mile

4,

1740, there

him almost one hundred and

By

vir-

was sur-

twenty-five

HISTOKY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

360 acres,

and by virtue of

ahotlier warrant, dated

March

and one hundred and thirty-eight perches more. A patent was granted to him for both tracts (one hundred and sixty-two acres one hundred and thirty perches) on June 30, 1762, for 15,

1743, thirty-seven

acres

£25 4s. 8d. Hans Hiestandt sold his property (one hundred and sixty-two acres one hundred and thirty perches) on Nov. 20, 1775, to his son, John Hiestand, He left five Jr., for seven hundred pounds ($1866j). sons, John, Jacob, Abraham, Isaac, and Christian Hiestand.

They

settled in several parts of Milford,

John,

Abraham in the neighborhood of homestead. The descendants of the Hie-

Jacob, Isaac, and the old

stands are numerous, and the old homestead and premises are still in possession of David, Jacob,

and Abraham Hiestand. Michael Flores, ancestor of the family in Lehigh County, emigrated, about the year 1740, from Old Wittemberg, Germany, to this country, and settled soon afterwards in the neighborhood of the present

By

village of Dillingersville.

virtue of a proprietary

warrant dated May 31, 1743, Philip Kolbach took one hundred and thirty-seven acres of land, but as he did not comply with the conditions, the land was surveyed to Michael Flores, who obtained a patent upon it Feb. 23, 1763, for £20 4s. 6d Michael Flores was an excellent blacksmith and became besides a farmer. He was a true Lutheran, and a member of the original Upper Milford Lutheran congregation, near his homestead. He died in the year 1785, and left one son, Johann Michael Flores, and four daughters, as follows (1) Maria Sophia, married to Martin Ring, who removed to North Carolina; (2) Elisabeth Margaretha, married to Mr. Kern, who removed to York County, Pa. (3) Anna Barbara, married to Stephan Ackerman, of Bucks County (4) Marl Magdalena, died single. :

;

;

Prior to his death, Michael Flores gave his real estate,

by his

last will

Johann Michael

and testament,

to his son,

Flores, with the condition that he

should pay to each of his four sisters fifteen pounds. He was also a blacksmith by trade. He was for a while in service for the cause of liberty in the Revo.

He

died in March, 1800, aged only and left, besides a widow, ten minor Henry, Georg, Solomon, Peter, Friederich,

lutionary war.

forty-three years,

children,

—

William, Elizabeth, Catharina, Christina, and Anna Maria. The real estate was divided among the sons,

and is still partly in possession of the descendants. Three sons (Henry, George, and William) and two daughters (Christina and Anna Maria) died single. Solomon Flores died near Rittersville, Pa., in 1870, and left three sons (Reuben, Joseph, and Harrison) and six daughters. Friederich Flores died in Lower Milford in 1861, and left three sons (Davis, Franklin, and Daniel Flores). Peter Flores died Oct. 1, 1865, aged seventy-four years, six months, and eleven days, and left four daughters and one son (Philip W. Flores). Franklin Flores (son of Friederich) and P. W. Flores

(son of Peter Flores) were in the

Union army

for ten

months, in 1863, in the One Hundred and Sixty-seventh Regiment Pennsylvania Militia. Philip Wetzel Flores, son of Peter Flores, was born in Lower Milford (then Upper Milford), on Aug. 9, In October, 1862, he enlisted in the One Hun1832. dred and Seventy-sixth Regiment Pennsylvania Mili-

was commissioned as second lieutenant of Company K, of the same regiment, Dec. 6, 1862, and was in service in Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina for over ten months, and was honorably discharged Aug. 18, 1863, on expiration of term of serOn Aug. 10, 1864, he was appointed assistant vice. assessor of United States internal revenue of the Fourth District, composed of Lower Milford, Upper Milford, and Saucon townships, Lehigh Co., and administered the oflBce for two and a half years. On Oct. 17, 1865, he was appointed postmaster of the post-office of Dillingersville, and has since been in He has also been engaged over one year in office. studying and writing local history, and especially of

tia;

his native township,

— Lower Milford.

Joseph Eberhardt emigrated in 1727 from Switzerland to this country, and settled in 1742 in what is now Lower Milford, and became one of the leading farmers within the limits of the present county of

Lehigh.

He

hundred and

now

obtained a patent on a tract of one fifty

acres of land in 1742 (which

in possession of Dr. J.

H. Dickenshied, a

is

de-

scendant of Eberhard), and obtained April 27, 1746, a patent on another tract of four hundred and one acres (now in possession of John D. Eberhard, Mrs.

Edwin Spinner, Aaron Klein, Widow Dover, and most of whom are the descendants of the EberHe purchased from Melchior Stecher a third tract of one hundred and seventy-two acres (now in possession of Alvin Jarrett, Widow Heinbach, and others), took from the proprietaries iu 1752 a fourth tract of sixty-seven acres (now in possession of David Schuler), purchased further in 1858 his fifth tract of one hundred and ninety-two acres from Casper Ritter (now in posse.^sion of Daniel Eberhard, a descendant), and had altogether ten hundred and sixty-five acres. Ho belonged to the Great Swamp Church congregation. Eberhard died in 1760, leaving a written will, in which he divided all his real estate among his six others,

hards).

sons, as follows:

Michael Eberhard, 150 acres, first homestead, £350; Joseph Eberhard, Jr., 192 acres, Ritter's place, £350; Jacob Eberhard, 172 acres, Stecher's place, £200;

John Eberhard, 149 acres, 150 perches, £200; Peter Eberhard, 200J acres, £350; Abraham Eberhard, 200i acres, £350. Besides six sons, he left also three daughters,—

Veronica, married to Philip Dosch

;

Elizabeth, mar-

ried to

Michael Bleylcr; and Barbara, married to George Fischer; and two grandchildren, —Anna Margaretha Hornecker and Joseph Hornecker. Descendants of the Eberhards are yet living in

Lower Milford, Saucon, and Allentown.

—

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. Maj. Conrad Eberhard, second son of Peter Eberborn Feb. 26, 1768, lived on the same farm

liard,

where his father lived and died (1786) was commissioned as major of the militia of Pennsylvania. The commission read as follows ;

:

" Commission.— Thomas

McKean,

Gcovernor of Pa.,

To Conrad Eber-

hard, of the County of Northampton, as major of the Second Batalion of the 13th Kegiment the militia of Pennsylvania, in the first Brigade

^

of the 8th Division, composed of the militia of the Counties of North,

ampton and Wayne, for the term of 4 years from August 3, 1807. " Lancaster, Pa., Augt. 3, 1807. ".Tno. Thompson, Sec.''

Conrad Eberhard died

in 1843, aged seventy-five

Engelman, ancestor of the Engelman family, settled previous to the year 1750 in what is now Lower Milford, and purchased from Michael Stocker about one hundred and fifty acres of land, on which he resided for a number of years. He sold, Andreas

1757, one acre of his land to the Chestnut

3,

Hill Reformed congregation, of which he was a

mem-

About the year 1785 he built on another tract a grist-mill, which was rebuilt in 1858 by Henry Gerhard, and is now in possession of Aaron Heist. All of the Eugelmans living now in Lower Milford, Saucon, AUentown, etc., are the descendants of Andrew Engelman. Among them are Elias Engelman, of Lower Milford, Lewis M. Engelman, Esq., of Saucon (who served for a number of years as clerk for the commissioners of Lehigh County), and Samuel Engelman, Esq., of AUentown, who served for two terms as register of wills of Lehigh

ber, for ten shillings.

County. Daniel

Staufl'er, Sr.,

ancestor of the Stautfers in

this vicinity, settled

very early

in

Coalbrookdale

township, Berks Co.

Johannes

(or

John) Stauffer

and Daniel

sons of Daniel Stauffer, Sr., 1751, the old Walber's tavern

Stauflfer, Jr.,

purchased, Dec.

7,

property (see Walber's tavern), besides one hundred and ten acres situate in the present Kraussdale, in

Lower Milford (then Upper Milford, Bucks Co.), from Nicolaus Walber. (It was part of two hundred and seventy-six acres which was surveyed, in 1734, to James Steel, who conveyed the same to said Nicolaus Walber.) Two years afterwards, June 9, 1753, they purchased three other tracts (first of seventy-five acres, second of fifty-three acres, third of sixty-two acres), containing together one hundred and ninety acres, adjoining their other land (one hundred and

Walber for two hundred In 1760, March 10th, Johni and Staufl'er, Jr., sold two tracts of their land, Daniel together over one hundred and fifty-two acres, to Paul Hitter, of Coalbrookdale, Berks Co., for three hundred ten acres), from Christopher

pounds ($533.33).

and

made

his last will

and testament, and

March following, and his wife, Catherine, followed him on the 17th. The real estate died on the 16th day of

was divided between tiis two sons. Jacob Stauffer died in 1839, and left four sons, Peter, Abraham, Daniel, and Jacob. Prior to his death he sold (1821)

—

property to his eldest son, Peter Stauffer. Stauffer had eight children, five sons

his real

Abraham

Abraham, Henry, Jacob, John, and Samuel Stauffer, to John Gebman), Rebecca (married to John Mayer), and Hetty, (who died single). Abraham, Henry, and Samuel Jacob and John settled settled in the neighborhood in Bucks County. The descendants are numerous. The old homestead and property are still in their possession. They are progressive farmers, respectable, moral, and useful citizens. Wendell Heimbach settled early (but the writer is not able to say in what year) on a farm in Upper

—and three daughters, Susana (married ;

years.

March

Stauffer, Jr.,

361

fifty

pounds,

who

sold the same,

to his son-in-law, Friederich

March

17, 1770,

Limbach, Esq., who sold

again, Dec. 11, 1787, to Daniel Stauffer, Jr., for eleven hundred and one pounds. On Jan. 30, 1790, Daniel I

John

Stauffer settled afterwards in

Bucks County.

Milford, near the old

Hampton Furnace.

The farm

Daniel Kemmerer. He had three sons,— Henry, Wendell, and David. Henry setWendell near tled in Rockland township, Berks Co. is

now

in possession of

;

the old homestead, where he lived a number of years,

about 1815, changed Lower Milford about 1855. Wendell Heimbach, his son, and William Heimbach, a grandson, and other descendants

and where he built an later

oil-mill

to a clover-mill.

He

died in

Berks and Lehigh Counties. David went Berks Co., kept store and tavern, and came back and built, in 1809, the Hampton Furnace. He lived there until 1832, when he sold the furnace

live still in

to Hereford,

and moved

to

AUentown and kept

the old stone mill,

and died in 1834. His sons, David and John, both became ironmasters, and settled in Carbon County, in Lower Towamensing and Franklin townships, where they built the Clarissa and Maria Furnaces. Another son, named Solomon, David and John both died lives still in AUentown. of typhoid fever in 1834, the same year that their father died. John V. R. Hunter (Jaeger) married two daughters of David Heimbach, and Paul Miller married the widow of John Heimbach. The daughters of David Heimbach (elder) were Mrs. Mohr, Rev.

known

as Jaeger's mill,

Gregory, Mrs. Willaner. Friederich Wilhelm Kern, ancestor of the Kerns in

Lehigh County, immigrated from Wiirtemberg

this

country in 1739.

He

to

settled first in Philadelphia

County, purchased a tract in Horsham township in 1749, but he sold it in 1752, and settled the same year in Upper Milford, near the present village of Shimersville, where he purchased from Michael Moyer a tract of one hundred acres and one hundred and He died in February, 1771, and left thirty perches.

—

John Mathias, John George, and Lorenz Kern and one daughter, Magdalena (married to John Peter Lahr). By his last will and testament he three sons

—

—

divided his real estate between his two eldest sons, as the latter

John Mathias and John George; but

—

HISTOKY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

362

named April

1,

died in 1795, and John Mathias purchased, 1796, from the heirs the other part (over fifty

hundred and fifty dollars), Lorenz Kern John George Kern removed to York County. John George Kern had four children, John, George, Abraham, and Elizabeth. John Mathias had four children, John Peter, Mathias, Margaretha, and Anna Maria. John Mathias Kern died March 29, 1803, aged over sixty-four years, and his son Mathias purchased hi.s real estate. Mathias Kern left four sons David, Christian, Jonas, and Thomas and five daughters. The real estate was divided among his sons, and is still in their possession. The descendants of the Kerns family are still numerous. acres, for four

and the

heirs of

—

—

—

—

Christian Zeller (later Zellner), the ancestor of the

what is now Lower Milford in 1761. He purchased the same year from the heirs of Isaac Doelp or Delp (who died July 15, 1760) a tract of one hundred and fifty-seven acres of land, on which he resided a number of years. Christian Zeller was commissioned lieutenant of the eighth company in the Second Northampton Brigade of the militia of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania for a term of seven years, dated April 1, 1794, by Thomas Mifflin, Governor of Pennsylvania. He was commissioned a second time, Aug. 2, 1800, by Governor McKean, lieutenant of the eighth company of the Thirteenth Regiment Militia, in the First Brigade of the Eighth Division, composed of the militia of the counties of Northampton and Wayne. When he Zellners in Milford, settled in

departed this sons,

life

(about the year 1820) he

named Conrad, John,

Christian,

left

four

and Charles

and four daughters, named Sarah (married Anna Maria (married to Joseph Yeakel is still living, a widow, eighty-eight years old), Leah (married to John Adam Wieder), and Rebecca (married to Jacob Hilligass). The name of this family has expired in Milford, Conrad, John, and Christian Zellner, Jr., died without male issue or moved to other parts. Charles marZellner,

to Peter Reichenbach), ;

—

and left one son, named Jesse, and one daughter. Jesse died and left one son, named Charles Zellner, who resides in Emaus, and is the ried Elizabeth Flores,

only living

member

of the Zellner family

who keeps

the name.

Hans Heinrich Jackel (or Yeakel) emigrated in 1734, with his father (David Yeakel), four brothers, and two sisters, to this country. He married Susanna Heydrick in 1735. He had gone with his brotherin-law, Gregorious Schultz, to the Jordan, in

North Whitehall township, but the location being too much exposed on account of Indian depredations, he returned in a short time, and settled, in 1762, permanently in the Hosensack Valley. 23, 1761, the

Hamilton

He

purchased, Dec.

hundred acres and the usual allowances) from James Hamilton for twelve hundred and fifty pounds ($3333.33). H. H. Yeakel died Dec. 21, 1781, aged seventy-four j'ears, and was buried near the centre of his premises. He tract (five

left four

sons

— Jeremiah, George, Balthaser, and Mel— and three daughters, — Susanna (mar-

chior Yeakel

Maria (married to Christopher and Anna (married to Matthias Gerhard). In 1765 he divided his real property into equal shares among his four sons. Jeremiah Yeakel married Susanna Wrigner, and died in 1800, leaving eight chilJohn Yeakel (one of»the first comdren, one son missioners of Lehigh County) and seven daughters. George Yeakel married Rosina Schubert. He died June 1, 1812, and left three sons Abraham, Jacob, and George and two daughters, Anna and Maria. Balthasar Yeakel married Susanna Krauss, and died Oct. 12, 1797, aged sixty-four years. He was Mind for the last twenty-eight years. He left two sons David and Andrew Yeakel and three daughters, Rosina Sarah, Barbara, and Susanna. Melchoir Yeakel married Regina Schultz, and died May 18, 1831, aged over ried to Balzar Krauss),

Schultz),

—

—

— —

—

— —

—

eighty-nine years.

He

left

nine children, four sons

—

Solomon, Christopher, Daniel, and Isaac Yeakel and five daughters, Rosina, Susanna, Maria, Christina, and Catharine. The descendants of Hans Heinrich Yeakel are quite numerous, and much of his property

—

is still

in their possession.

Simon Schneiter

(or Snyder), ancestor of the SchneiSnyders) in Upper Milford, purchased, June 1762, from Adam Krammes, almost seventy-three

ters (or 8,

acres of land, situate about one mile southwest from

the village of Zionsville.

A patent

was also granted

him on his land, which was called " Snyderburg," March 27, 1782. Jacob Schneiter, a grandson of Simon Schneiter, is still living on the premises. Other descendants are still living in Upper Milford, among them David Schneiter, John Schneiter, Charles Schneiter, Nathan Schneiter, Aaron Schneiter, and Leon L. Snyder, Esq. to

Valentine Dickenschied immigrated from Germany to this country previous to the year 1765,

and settled Goshenhoppen, and moved, in 1768, to Upper Milford, and settled on a farm situated on the Saucon Creek, where he died, from the results of a fall from the upper part of his barn, in the month of July, 1772. He was buried in the graveyard at the Chestnut Hill Church. .Tohannes Dickenschied was born in Goshenhoppen in 1765, married a daughter of in

Christian Friederich Martin, and settled between the present village of Vera Cruz and Emaus, and later

near

Zionsville, and died in 1800. Dr. Charles Friederich Dickenschied, son of Johannes (or John) Dickenschied, was born Jan. 22, 1791, studied medi-

cine in the University of Pennsylvania, was commissioned a surgeon in the United States army in the war of 1812-14, married Rebecca Eberhard, daughter of

Henry Eberhard, and settled on the farm of his fatherLower Milford (then Upper Milford), in 1817, and became a practicing physician for thirtynine years. In 1858 he moved to Allentown, and

in-law, in

discontinued the practice of medicine. He died in Allentown in October, 1881, aged ninety years eight

;

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS.

—

363

He had two sisters, Maria, married to Andrew Klotz, and Elizabeth, married to Paul Knauss they both moved to Allentown. Dr. Charles H. Dick-

Lower

enschied, son of Charles Friederich Dickenschied,

from Valentin Keiser over one hundred and twenty-

born in Lower Milford (then Upper Milford), Feb. 10, 1820, graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1841, practiced medicine in Lower Milford (then Upper Milford) until 1847, married Elvina Spinner, daughter of David Spinner, moved (1847) to the Trappe, Montgomery Co., Pa., where he died three years later, Dec. 4, 1850. He left one son, who is now

five acres for

months.

also

a practicing physician in Philadelphia.

Dr.

John Schantz, ancestor of the Schantzs in Upper and Lower Milford, settled in 1765 in what is now

1775, from tracts

settled

is

now

practicing medicine with his father in

Lower

Milford.

John Scheimer, son of Jacob, grandson of Adam, and probably the great-grandson of Daniel Scheimer, was born in Saucon township, Northampton Co., April 28, 1764. He bound himself by articles of indenture, dated Feb. 13, 1781, as apprentice to Jacob Bitebender, of Upper Saucon township, Northampton Co., wheelwright, to learn his trade during a full

of three years.

Besides providing for

him

term

generally,

Bitebender had to give Scheimer at the termination of his apprenticeship a complete suit of clothing and nine pounds hard cash, at 7s. Gd. per Spanish milled dollar. In the year 1792, John Scheimer purchased from

Jacob Miller the premises on which the present vilis located, over two hundred acres of land, became a successful farmer and a landlord, and was appointed by Governor Thomas Mifflin

lage of Shimersville

as a justice of the peace in the district, consisting of

Upper Milford, on the 23d day of January, 1795, and held the office for over thirteen years. He married Salome, daughter of Rev. Jacob Van Buskirk, minister of the Lutheran Church. He died July 18, 1844, aged oyer eighty years, and left four sons John B., Charles B., August B. (removed to Lockport, N. Y.), and Jacob B. Shimer (removed Mary, to Freemansburg, Pa.)— and two daughters, married to Jacob Krimm, and Elizabeth, married to the old township of

—

—

Jacob Appel, both of Lower Saucon, Northampton Co. John B. Shimer died Nov. 21, 1880, aged over seventy-nine years, and left two sous Reuben and William Shimer and one daughter, Mrs. Anthony Michling. Charles B. Shimer died Aug. 24, 1880, aged over seventy-eight years, and left five sons Edward, Charles, Jacob, Franklin, and Hiram Shimer)— and

—

— —

—

—

($66|).

He

purchased, April 25,

two other and adjoining and fifty acres for £100

Siflert

hundred

John Schantz obtained, March

15,

1785,

named "Schanlzburg.'' John Schantz, Sr., left five named Abraham, Christian, John, Joseph, and Jacob. Abraham Schantz and Christian Schantz

University of Pennsylvania in 1847, and has been practicing medicine in Lower Milford ever since. He

Amanda Steinman, daughter of George SteinHis son. Dr. Eugene H. Dickenschied, graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1881, and

purchased, April 1st of that year,

from the Executive Council of Pennsylvania, a patent on his land, which contained by resurvey two hundred and ninety-five and three-quarter acres. It was sons,

man.

£25

Ludwig one

of

(|1866t).

John Henry Dickenschied, son of Charles Friederich Dickenschied, born June 4, 1826, graduated at the

married

He

Milford.

Joseph on the premises of their father. Schantz died without issue. John Schantz, Jr., purchased the property, which is now in possession of Henry E. Moyer, and, dying, left two sons (John and Jacob), who both died single. Jacob Schantz purchased, March 16, 1789, thirty acres from Jacob Marsteller, and May 2, 1807, from the heirs of Adam Reinhard, another tract of over eighty-one acres in

He

Upper

—

—

two sons Daniel and Jacob and two daughters. His land is still in possession of his descendant, Henry G. Schantz. Abraham Schantz left one son, named John (Rev.), and five daughters. John Schantz, son of Abraham, became, besides a farmer and oil-miller, a minister of the gospel. He Milford.

departed this

left

life

leaving five sons,

Jan.

8,

1855, aged over eighty years,

named Henry, William, Abraham,

John, and Joseph (minister of the gospel). Christian Schantz left four children, two sons, named John and Jacob, and two daughters (Mrs. J. Stauffer and Mr. George Miller). The old premises are now in

—

Aaron Schantz, Christian Schantz, Jr., Readan Schantz, Solomon Schantz (all grandsons of Christian Schantz, Sr.), Milton Schantz, and Henry B. Schantz, descendants of Abraham Schantz. They possession of

are all progressive farmers.

On March 10, 1760, Paul Ritter, of Coalbrookdale, Berks Co., purchased from Daniel and John Stauffer two tracts of over one hundred and fifty-two acres of land, situated in

March

Upper

Milford.

He

sold the same,

17, 1770, to his son-in-law, Friederich

bach, also of Coalbrookdale, Berks Co.,

who

Lim-

obtained

on the following 26th of May a patent on one hundred and four acres by the name of " Old Right." Limbach was appointed a justice of the peace for the district of Upper Milford. He was a good penman. He was a very active man, and in some respects a very extreme man for the cause of liberty during the times of the Revolutionary war. He administered his office until December, 1787, but, as he did not live very economically, became deeply in

one daughter, Mrs. Riegel. Descendants of John Shimer, Esq., are numerous, still living in Upper Milford, Macungie, Allentown, etc., and are active business men and useful and re-

debt.

He

Daniel

Staufifer for

spectable citizens.

cember, 1787, a neighbor came to the old log house

and

left

for parts

sold his real property on Dec. 11, 1787, to

eleven hundred and one pounds,

the following night with wife and children

unknown, and

forever.

On

the 12th of De-

—

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

364 in

which Limbach

the old-fashioned fat-lamp was hearth, and

still

empty, and standing on the

found

resided, but

still

it

Such was the end of Es-

lighted.

Upper Milford. Henry Meyer, from Bucks County, purchased, Jan.

quire Limbach's course in

28, 1783,

from Michael Andreas, a tract of eighty-eight

and one-half acres of land, situate in Upper Milford, for which a patent was granted to him by the ExecuPennsylvania on April 17, 1789, des"Meyerton." On June 7, 1813, Henry Meyer sold liis " Meyerton'' to his son, William Meyer, for eleven hundred and twenty-five pounds. When he departed this life he left three sons William, Henry, and Jacob Meyer and three daughters. Henry Meyer purchased, in 1819, from John Schantz, Jr., over ninety-two acres, situate on the Saucon tive Council of

ignating

it

as

—

—

Creek, in the present

Lower Milford (being part of

one hundred and forty-five acres which was surveyed, 1734, to Courad Wetzel), which tract is still in Meyer's possession, owned now by Emanuel Meyer and Henry E. Meyer. Jacob Meyer purchased, June 26, 1822, from Jacob Ehrliard twenty-five acres near the present village of Dillingersville, which is now in possession of his son, Henry D. Meyer. The old premises ("Meyerston") is now owned by William G. Meyer, a direct descendant (great-grandsou) of Henry Meyer. Michael Roeder, ancestor of the Roeder family, settled in the so-called Goshenhoppen (Upper Hanover township), Montgomery Co., where he purchased from John Mack, Dec. 15, 1754, a tract of two hundred acres of land, and became a successful farmer. Michael Roeder died in 1791, leaving a widow and thirteen children, Michael, John, Adam, Peter, and Henry Roeder, Anna Maria (married Jacob Nuss), Susanna (married Jacob Dunkel), Margaretha (married Conrad Nuss), Anna Margaretha (married George Labach), Barbara (married Jost Wieand), Hannah (married Martin Kieler), Catharina, Eva (married Peter Trump), and Magdena. John Roeder (son of Michael) settled, in 1787, in the Hosensack Valley, in what is now Lower Milford. He purchased from John Yund two hundred and fifty-five acres, the old Zimmerman farm and homestead, on Aug. 16, 1787, for fourteen hundred and twenty-three pounds. He

—

became a

successful farmer.

He

left

three sons,

Henry, John, and Samuel Roeder. John and Samuel Roeder divided his property between them. John Roeder, Jr., had four sons John M., Solomon, David, and Thomas Roeder and four daughters. Samuel Roeder had five sons, Daniel, Jonas, William, Samuel, Jr., and Nathan Roeder.

—

—

—

The

old farm

is still

in possession of the descend-

County, settled in Lower Milford in 1789. Nicolaus Dietz purchased, Nov. 27, 1789, from the heirs of William Penn (or from their attorneys) over one hundred and sixty-three acres of land lying in their manor of Richland, and called Tract No. 25. He sold, Feb.

hundred and thirty acres to his son, He died Nov. 22, 1818, aged seventyfive years, eight months, and seventeen days, and left four sons,— Abraham, Joseph, Jacob, and Peter Dietz. The descendants are at present numerous. The old farm and homestead is still in their possession. John Adam Wieder, ancestor of the Wieder family, His lands were on the top of the settled here early. South Mountain, southeast from Emaus, in Upper Milford. After his departure his real estate was di24,

1815, one

Abraham

Dietz.

vided between two of his sons, John Adam Wieder, One son (Solomon) reJr., and Leonhard Wieder. moved to the State of New Jersey. On the 21st of June, 1810, John Adam Wieder purchased from Nicolaus Kramer the old Stahlnecker farm, in Upper Milford (now Lower Milford), containing one hundred and fifty-seven acres fifty perches and allowance, thousand dollars, and sold, March 3, 1827, his

for nine

other farm, eighty-five acres and one hundred and twenty-nine perches, to his brother, Henry, for three

thousand dollars and twenty-two cents, which is now owned by John Lorenz. John Adam Wieder died and left two sons, John and John Adam Wieder, between whom his real estate was divided. It is still owned by Joel Wieder (son of John) and Saul Wieder (son of John Adam, Jr.). The descendants of the Wieder family are quite numerous in LTpper and Lower Milford, and they are progressive farmers. Christian Musselman, from Allen township, Northampton Co., settled, in 1790, in Upper Milford, and purchased the same year from Jacob Hiestand one hundred and sixteen acres, part of " Hiestand's Delight." He died July 21, 1848, in his eighty-ninth year, and left four sons Jacob, John, David, and Henry Musselman and two daughters (Mrs. Bechtel and Mrs. Kauflfman). His descendants, Jacob Musselman and Samuel Musselman, are still in possession of the homestead. Others of the descendants are still living in the neighborhood of the homestead, in Upper Milford, Emaus, and Quakertown. Residents in 1781.— The following assessment-list, made by the commissioners of Northampton County, Dec. 27, 1781, shows the names of all of the taxable

—

—

—

citizens then residing in the territory which is now included in the townships of Upper and Lower Milford:'

Lndwig Andres.

owned by David Roeder, Henry E. Roeder, Esq. (son of .Tonas Roeder, and since 1883 a justice of the peace in Lower Milford), and Isaac Roeder (son of John M. Roeder). Others of the Roeders are still

Stofel Andreas.

Henry Bitting. John Becker.

Michael Andreas.

Jacob VaQ Buskirk.

Ulrich Bassler.

Adam

Michael Bastian.

Nicholaus Bieber,

Henry Birkheimer.

Even

in the neighborhood,

Gabriel Pappennieyer.

Jacob Bildhaus. Peter Braun!

ants

;

They

—Solomon, Reuben, Lewis,

etc.

are all progressive farmers and useful citizens.

Nicolaus Dietz, ancestor of the Dietzs in Lehigh

Michael Biechop,

1

The amount of tax was £539

G. Bortz.

Bill,

12s. Id.

:

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. George Christ. George Cliristman.

365

Baltzer Jaeckel.

David Rothrock.

George

Melchior Jaeckel. George Jaeckel. Jeremiah Jaeckel.

Jacob Rothrock.

Traulie estate.

George Ruch. Michael Rudolph.

John Trexler.

Casper Jaeckel.

Henry Ruas.

George TruckenmiUer.

John Jacoby. John Jund.

George Schaffer.

William Schafler.

Adam Trump. John Trump.

Daniel Dany.

Isiiac Jarfett.

Abraham Schantz.

Jost Wentz.

John Dany.

Jacob Kreter.

John Schantz.

Jacob Wentz.

Philip Derringer.

Daniel Kreter.

Jacob Weiss.

Jacob Deep.

Christopher Kraues.

Joseph Schantz. Conrad Schaub.

Daniel Derr.

Baltzer Xrauss.

Adams Schaud.

George Worman,

Michael Derr. Stephen Derr. Daniel Dubs.

Jacob Koehler. Philip Kratzer.

Martin Scbeibele. Joseph Schelly.

Adam

Henry

Conrad Wurman. Friederich Wineh. Michael Wolfgang.

Henry Daubert.

Philip Kehl.

Jacob

Schiffer.

Philip Walter.

Peter Deisa.

Friederich Kemmerer.

Jacob

Schiffer, Jr.

Elias Weaver.

Michael Eberhard. Jacob Eberhard. Joseph Eberhard. Peter Eberhard.

John Kemmerer.

Peter Schlasser.

Philip Walter, Jr.

George Kern. Lorenz Kern. Conrad Klein.

Jacob Schmeyer. Peter Schmeyer.

Andrew Engelman.

Gabriel KleiD.

George Welder. Franz Westgo, Mathias Westgo. Conrad Wetzel.

Adam Engelman.

George Klein. Isaac Klotz.

Adam Schuler. Adam Schuler.

John Wetzel.

CJonrad Ernst.

Samuel Eisenhard.

Nicholaus Klotz.

John Schuler.

Joat Wieand.

Jacob Eckle. Jeremiah Flexer.

George Fetterman.

Jacob Kuan as. Michael Knauss. Joseph Kooken. Nicholaus Kooken. Peter Kooken.

Widow

Friederich

Frederick Delp. Peter Daney.

Stephan Dalmau. George Dillinger. Nicholaus Dietz.

Frederick Fanel.

Baize r Fetterman. Fischer.

Daniel Folck.

Michael Flores, Henry Funck. Jacob Funck.

John Funck. Rudolph Funck. George Funck.

Kehl.

Bastian TruckenmiUer.

Widow

Schiffer.

John Schnell. John Schneider.

Krammes.

Leonhard Lautenachlager. George Lautenschlaeger. Martin Leibert. Friederich Limbach. John Linn.

Peter Schuler.

Wendell Wieand.

Jacob Sicher.

Adam

Friederich Siechly.

Peter Weaver.

George Seider. Daniel Smith. Jacob Smith. Jacob Smith.

Jacob Wolf.

John Smith.

Jacob Wittner, Ferdinand Wirtz. Goufried Wiesner. Tobias Wendell.

Witman. Rudolph Weiss. Conrad Witmeyer.

Peter Smith.

Anthony Stabler. Ludwig Stabler. Nicholaus Stabler, Jr. Nicholaus Stabler,

Jacob Fischer. Widow Gebhard.

Andrew

Christian Metzger.

Jacob Stahl sch mi edt. George Stablnecker.

Abraham Meyer.

Adam

Nicholaus Miller.

Geary.

Peter Miller.

Widow

Philip Miller.

John Griesemer.

Henry

Adam

Conrad Neumeyer.

Gebhard.

Herman

Adam Hatman.

John Niess. John Ohlwein. John Ord (Ortt).

Casper Hepler. Stoffel

Hepler.

Christopher Ott.

David Heimbach. George Hilligass. John HilligrasB.

Michael Paulus. Jacob Rauschenberger. George Reicbenbach.

Felix Hirth.

George Reiner.

John Hiestand. John Hiestand, Jr. Abraham Hiestand.

Widow

Isaac Hiestand.

John

Henry

William Rieseer. Samuel Reichert.

Hartzel.

George Horner. John Eeiewig. Nicholaua Hittle. Philip Herzog. Philip Herzog, Jr. Jacob Huber. Peter Hartzell.

Jacob Holtzhausen.

Mcholaus

Adam

Jeissly.

Jeiesly.

Henry

Ott.

Reinhard.

Philip Eberhard.

Peter Stabler.

Jacob Hiestand. George Horlacber.

Jacob Stablnecker.

George Hein. George Kemmerer. George Klein. Nicholaus Klein, Jacob Klein. Friederich Metzger.

Michael Schandt.

Reiaaer.

Peter Schaffer.

Adam Trump. Killian Weiss.

John Riesaer. Henry Yundt. Christian Zeller.

;

;

—

Reichert.

of

Leonard Rischel. Martin Rischel.

what

is

now Upper and Lower Milford townships

Henry Albrecht. Stoffel

Henry Romig. Rothenberger.

George Rothenberger. Jacob Rothenberger. Peter Rothenberger.

Andrew

Philip Stiihler.

;

Riesser.

John Rischel.

Adam

George Reiner.

Peter Engelman.

Michael Eberhard paid the highest assessment, sixGeorge Kriebel, eleven pounds Casper Yoder, Christian Young, each seven pounds; Stoffel Andreas, Henry Funck, John Jund, Henry Ott, and Daniel Stauffer, each six pounds all others under this last amount. Residents in 1812. In 1812, when Lehigh County was organized, the following were the taxable citizens

Reiner.

Abraham

Zeller.

Jacob DiUinger.

teen pounds

Christian Reiner.

Adam

Conrad

John Zeller. Rudolph Zubler.

Single Freemen.

Ott.

Michael

Christian Young.

John Derr.

Niess.

Jacob Heil. Simon Rein. John Hauser.

Casper Yoder.

Stahl.

Jacob Stauffer. Jacob Stephan.

Marsteller.

William Haintz.

Conrad Wagner. Conrad Wolf.

Sr.

Jacob Stahl.

Conrad Meyer. Michael Meyer. Jacob Miller. Leonard Miller.

Jacob Geary. Greilings.

Abraham

Wieder.

Philip

Michael Mattinger. Philip Mechlin. Thomas Mechlin.

Jacob Gernet. Leonard Griesemer. Matthias Gerhard. Peter Gerhard. Daniel Guth.

Weiss.

Jacob Wickert.

Friederich Martin.

Girring.

Stroll.

'

Andreas.

Michael Bahm. Jacob Baer.

Jacob Arner. Jacob Axter.

Abraham Bartow. Henry Basaler.

John

Ulrich Baasler.

Baal.

Adam

Bader.

Henry Bauer.

HISTOEY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

366 Jacob Beitelman,

Matthias Geho.

Jacob Larosch.

John Berk en stock.

John Gehring,

Jacob Laub. Leonhard Lautenschlaeger.

Peter Rothenberger. David Rothrock. Jacob Rothrock. George Ruch. Michael Rudolph, George Schafifer. George Schaffer.

Jacob Bildhaus.

Jacob Geisinger.

Ludwig

Philip Geisinger.

Nicholaus ljautenschlaeger,Jr.

Jacob Gerhard.

Nich olaua Lau ten schlaeger,Sr,

John Gering. William Gorman. Ludwig Greber.

Martin Leibert. Joseph Leopold.

George Brey. Michael Brey.

Felix Griesaemer.

Peter Linn,

Friederich Grieasemer.

Jacob Marsteller.

Abraham Schantz.

Philip Brey.

Jacob Griessemer.

Widow

Christian Schantz.

George Friederich Caldower. George Carl. John Carl.

John Griessemer.

Friederich Martin.

Jacob Schantz.

Daniel Guth, Jr.

Ludwig Mattinger,

Daniel Guth,

Widow

John Schantz. John Schantz, John Schaub.

Bitting.

Jacob Bleyler. Jacob Bortz, Jr.

Andrew Boyer.

Adam

Brey.

Henry

Sr.

Leibert.

Peter Schaffer, "Peter Schaffer.

Marsteller.

Mattinger.

George Christ.

George Guth.

Henry

John Hanger.

Conrad Mertz.

David Christman. George Christman.

Peter Hartzell.

Jacob Metzger,

George Harlacher.

Friederich Miller.

Andrew Schenkler.

George Clewell. Joseph Clewell.

John Haupt. Adam Heckman.

Friederich Miller.

Adam

George Philip Miller.

John

George Heil.

Jacob Miller.

Ulrich Schitz (SchUtz).

Jacob Heil. David Heimbach,

Isaac Miller.

John

Jr.

Peter Miller.

Daniel Schmidt.

David Heimbach, Sr. Abrahiim Hentricks. Jacob Henacher.

Widow

Daniel Mohr.

Jacob Schmidt. Solomon Schmidt. Jacob Schmoyer.

Christ, Jr.

Eaniel Cooper. Joseph Cope. Jacob Danpy. Philip Daney. Philip Daney, Jr. Peter Daney. Jacob Danner.

Henry Daubert. Henry Daubeit, John Daubert.

Jr.

John Mechlin.

Abraham Hieatand, Abraham Hieatand,

Jacob Mohr,

John, Schmoyer.

Mohr. William Mohr, Abraham Moyer. Henry Moyer, Jr. Henry Moyer, Sr. Jacob Moyer, Sr. Jacob Moyer, Jr. William Moyer. John Mumbauer, Jr.

Adam

Hilligass.

Jacob DeisB.

Michael Hilligass,

Jr.

Michael Hilligass,

Sr.

Michael Derr.

Nicholaus Hittel.

Widow

William Horsfield. George Jacoby.

George Diehl. Michael Diehl. George Dietz. Jacob Dielz. Nicholans Dietz.

Henry Jacoby. John Jacoby. John Jarrett.

Christina Dillinger.

Christopher Jaekel.

Daniel Dillinger.

David Jaekel, Jr. David Jaekel, Sr. George Jaekel, Jr. George Jaekel, Sr. Jeremiaa Jaekel.

Jacob Dillinger.

John Dillinger. Maria Dillinger. Jacob Dilgert. David Ditlow.

Andrew

Henry Mohr,

Jaekel.

Stoffel

John Mumbauer,

Christian Ortt,

Melchior Jaekel. Moses Kain.

Henry Duba, Jacob Dnbs.

Abraham Kaufman.

Widow

Peter Kchler.

Samuel Paul.

Christian Dutt,

Jacob Kehler. Michael Kehm.

Adam

Daniel Duba.

Adam

Eberhard.

Daniel Eberhard.

John Jaekel.

John

Keiser.

Sr,

Chriatian Musselmau. George Nehs (Nace). Jacob Nehs. Jacob Nehs. Conrad Ne^meyer. Jacob Oberholtzer.

John Ortt. Henry Ortt. Henry Ott, Jr. Henry Ott, Sr.

Isaac Dixson.

Schlotterer,

Sr.

Jacob Derr. Dickenahied.

Miller.

Schiffert,

Schiffert,

Jr.

Jacob Hiestand.

John

George Schell. Michael Schelly.

Ott.

Beichenbach, George Reichenbach, George Reichenbach. Leonhard Reichenbach, Michael Reichenbach.

Schneider.

Jacob Schneider.

Samuel Schneider. Simon Schneider. David Schubert. George Schumacher. John Schuld.

Abraham

Adam

Schuler.

Schuler.

George Schuler.

John Schuler. Samuel Schuler. Baltzer Schultz.

Daniel Schwartz. Daniel Schwartz.

Jacob Schwenck, Jacob Seibert. Pet^r Sell. Christian Shearer.

John Shimer, David Sicher. Jacob Sicher. Adam Singmaster. Conrad Smith. George Smith. Peter Smith, David Spinner.

John Eberhard.

Joseph

Jacob Ehrhard. Jacob Ehrenhard.

John Kemmerer. Henry Kern.

Friederich Eidinger.

Matthias Kern.

Peter Reichenbach. Corneliua Reinbold.

David Eulenbach. George Engelman. I^enry Engelman. John Engelman. Peter Engelman. John Erdman.

Daniel Klein.

John

Hartman Reinhard.

Christian Stabler.

Daniel Erney.

John Fellman. Widow Ferdman. Philip Fetterman.

Keisei-.

George Klein. George Klein.

Daniel Reinert.

Daniel Stabler.

David Stabler.

laaac Klein.

Andrew

Michael Klein.

Andrew Kleinsmith. Henry Knappenberger. Jacob Knanss. Peter Kneppele. Friederich Krammes.

Nicholaus Kramer.

Christian Fischer,

Andrew Krauas.

Jacob Fischer.

David Kranss.

John

Friederich Krauss.

Flores.

Stahl,

Peter Reinert. Peter Reichert.

John Fink.

Widow

Stadler.

George Stahl.

Jacob Klein,

Jacob Fink.

Fischer.

John

George Krauss.

Daniel Fretz.

John Krauss.

John Frick. John Fnnk.

Abraham

Jacob Kriehel.

Jacob Geary.

Henry Laroach.

Kriehel,

Riesser.

Henry

Stabler.

Jacob Stabler.

Casper Riesser.

Ludwig

John Riesser. Solomon Rieaser.

TTicholaus Stabler, Sr.

William Riesser.

Samuel Rinker. John Roeder, Sr. John Roeder, Jr. Samuel Roeder. Friederich Romig.

Adam

Rothenberger.

David Rothenberger. George Rothenberger. George Rothenberger. Jacob Rothenberger,

John Rothenberger.

Stabler.

Nicholaus Stabler, Jr.

Nicholaus Stabler. Peter Stabler. Philip Stabler,

Lorenz Stabler,

Abraham

Stauffer.

Jacob Stauffer. Peter Standi,

Adam Adam

Steininger.

Stephan,

Jacob Stephau.

Andrew

Straazberger.

George Truckeumiller

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. Adam Trump.

Philip Westgo.

George Trump.

Daniel Wetzel.

John Trump.

Bernhard Vogele (Fegely).

Jacob Wetzel, Sr. Jacob Wetzel, Jr. John Wetzel, David Wieandt. Jacob Wieandt, Sr. Jacob Wieandt, Jr.

Kicbolaus Vogele.

John Wieandt.

1861.

Jost Wieandt.

Daniel Walter. David Walter.

Jacob Wickert. Adam Wieder, Jr. Adam Wieder, Sr. Casper Wieder.

David Gehman was born in Hereford township, Berks Co., on Aug. 26, 1802 removed in 1828 to the Hosensack Valley purchased the same year from George Kline, Jr., a tract of land, on which he established a country store, and kept the same for a num-

Philip Walter.

Gottfried Wiessemer.

ber of years, until 1860.

Weaver. Michael Weaver. John Weaver.

Christian Willauer.

Jacob Wittemer. Widow Wittemer.

Peter Weaver.

John

John Weikel.

Carl Zeller.

Baltzer Urffer.

David Urffer. Michael Urffer.

Widow

Urffer.

George Vogt, Jr. George Vogt, Sr. John Wagner. John Wagner. Jacob Walker.

Wendel Wieandt, Sr. Wendel Wieandt, Jr.

Elias

ZeislofF.

Baltzer Weinberger.

Christian Zeller.

Christopher Weiss. Jacob Weisa.

Conrad Zeller. John Zeller.

Henry Westgo. Jacob Westgo.

Abraham

Ziegler.

Henry Dany. John Dany.

David Mohr. Jacob Moyer.

George Derr.

Philip

Henry Derr.

John

Jacob Diehl. Peter Diehl.

.Jacob Ott.

Abraham

Mumbauer.

Ott.

Jacob Reichenbach. Michael Reichenbach.

Dietz.

Peter Dietz.

Adam

Daniel Dubs.

Lorenz Ruch. George Rudolph. John Rudolph. Jacob Schaub.

John Dubs. John Eberhard. Michael Engelman. John Fischer.

Reinhard.

Stoffel Schubert.

George Florea.

Jacob Schuler.

Henry Flores. Henry Henry.

Peter Schwartz.

George Eittel.

David Seibert.

Philip Hittel.

Stoffel Seibert.

Christian Schwartz.

William Hittel. Daniel Jacket. George Klein. Benjamin Kriebel. Benjamin Kriebel.

John Smith. Jonathan Stahl.

John Strassberger. David Trexler. .Tohn Wieder.

George Lechner. Jacob Lechner. Daniel Miller.

1781

;

first

hotel in Dillingersville

was appointed the same

new post-office (Stahler's), the Upper Milford, and held the office

year postmaster of the until

1827

County

in

was elected commissioner of Lehigh 1842 for one term of three years died Aug. ;

;

aged seventy-three years, five months. Lorenz Stabler, brother of Daniel, was born in Upper Milford, April 18, 1779. He was appointed justice of the peace in 1812, and continued in office under appointments until 1840, when he was elected under the new law for one term, five years. He continued in office in all about thirty-three years, until 1845. He died Aug. 15, 1854, aged seventy-five years, three months, twenty-seven days. 31, 1854,

In 1841 there was a new by the name of Hosensack established under the administration of President Tyler. Gehman was appointed postmaster, and administered the post-office twelve years. In 1861 he was reappointed and served eleven years, and resigned. He removed in 1873 to Quakertown, Bucks Co., where he died on the 5th of March, 1881, aged seventy-eight years, six months, nine days. He left two daughters, Mrs. Charles Schoenly and Mrs. Joel Brunner. Charles W. Wieand was born on the 13th day of March, 1809, in the present village of Zionsville; carried on for several years the business of storekeeper and dealing in tombstones purchased later the farm of his father, David Wieand was appointed post-office

;

;

in 1831 as justice of the peace (of

Upper

Milford), served for nine years, and was in 1840 elected for one term (five years) more. He became also a surveyor.

By

the influence of Mr.

Wieand

there was a

post-office established in 1849 in Zionsville,

new

and Mr.

Wieand was appointed postmaster for four years. He purchased in 1866 the old Mensch mill property from John B. Gehman. In 1876, Charles W. Wieand, Esq., removed to East Greenville, Montgomery Co., and assisted his son, Eev. C. J. Wieand, in establishing the Perkiomen Seminary. He is still living, and resides in East Greenville, Pa. Henry M. Sigmund,

eldest son of Friederich Sig-

(ironmaster), was born in

He became

25, 1886.

established the

in

;

mund

Philip ZerfasB.

(then Stahler's) in 1812;

first post-office

;

;

Leonhard Wieder.

Prominent Citizens of the Past and Present.— Daniel Stabler was born in Upper Milford, March 31,

Joshua Stabler, son of Lorenz, was born Oct. 2, 1814, Upper Milford was elected justice of the peace in 1845 for five years, and re-elected in 1860; elected register of wills for Lehigh County in 1851 for three years; elected coroner in 1855; and elected associate judge in October, 1856, and re-elected in October, in

—

Single Freemen.

'

367

in 1860,

Upper Milford, June when his father died,

with his brother. Dr. Albert M. Sigmund, the owner of the Hampton Furnace, and became an ironmaster.

He

conducted the furnace for nearly seven years, when was discontinued, and the property sold to Peter Faust. Henry M. Sigmund died Aug. 10, 1876, aged it

only forty years.

Samuel

Abraham Stauflfer, was born now Lower Milford, in the present

Stauffer, son of

in 1811, in

what

Kraussdale

;

is

obtained his

of his neighborhood to teach school

rector of

;

;

first

education in the schools

was employed

for several terms

was elected several terms school

Upper Milford

(before division)

;

di-

served for

several years as secretary of the school board elected in 1853 as thefirst justice of the peace of

;

was

Lower

Milford for five years, and four times re-elected, servall twenty years and was appointed by Gov-

ing in

;

ernor Hoyt, in December, 1882, as a notary public.

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

368

George K. Carl, born June

He

is also, with his son Henry, the proprietor and the owner of a saw-mill, grist-mill, and farm. Charles Foster was a son of John Thomas Foster, of Philadelphia, and was born in that city on the 24th day of March, 1801. He lost father and mother by death when he was only three years old, and was adopted by Jacob Frey, of Montgomery County, and educated. He became a blacksmith, settled in Upper Milford, and married, in 1825, Mag-

dalina Fischer, daughter of

John

Fischer.

He

pur-

same year Fischer's Hotel, of Jacob became the landlord, and also a progressive farmer was in charge of the hotel for over thirty years. He was elected in 1838 to the State Legislature; elected commissioner of Lehigh County chased

the

in 1844 for three years for three

elected county auditor (1859)

and served

years,

Upper Milford

;

as a school director of

He

for eighteen years.

died in

Upper

Milford on the 6th day of July, 1875, aged over seventy-four years.

Michael H. Albright, Esq., born Jan. 19, 1811, setboyhood with his mother in Lower

tled in his early

He

Milford (then Upper Milford).

served as a jus-

peace of Lower Milford for thirteen years (1860-73), and over ten years as school director of the same township. He moved in 1873 to Allentown, tice of the

where he

is still

Ludwick (or Ludwig) Bitting, a farmer of Upper owned a farm of over one hundred and fortysix acres on the Hosensack Hill (now Lower Milford) Milford,

from 1744 lature for

Edwin Albright, Esq., son of Michael H. Albright, in Lower Milford (then Upper Milford), Nov. 28,

He was elected to the State LegisNorthampton County in 1758, 1759, and

to 1771.

1760.

Samuel Moyer, a tanner in Upper Milford is

now

Burkhatter's tannery, in

Lower

(at

what

Milford), was

elected to the State Legislature for one term in 1826.

Frederick Sigmund, ironmaster, was born in Wiir-

temberg, Germany, on March 31, 1809, and came as a boy to this country; purchased (1850) Hampton Furnace, in Upper Milford, and conducted the same

He

very successfully until his death.

number of years schools of Upper

was

secretary of the board of

Milford, and died

June

also

a

common 25, 1860,

aged fifty-three years, two months, twenty-five days. Jacob Schwenck, a farmer and a carpenter and joiner, of Lower Milford (then Upper Milford), was elected commissioner of Lehigh County in 1832 for one term of three years died in 1838. ;

/"A

living.

was elected

of three years.

Fischer, and

;

28, 1828,

Lower Milford in 1854, and re-elected for twelve terms, and was elected, November, 1881, county commissioner of Lehigh County for one term assessor of

of Ye Olden Time."— About oneuarter of a mile west from the Great Swamp Church,

House

born

on the premises of Daniel C. Stauffer, in Lower Milford, there is situated an old house, which is indeed father worthy of being called " a house of ye olden time." became a prominent attorney. He was appointed/ The mantel bears the figures " 1715." The house is in solicitor under Sheriff Herman Fetter in 1862-65 two parts, one is log and the other part (which is no elected district attorney in 1866 elected State sendoubt much older) is stone. The stone part is seven1838

;

received his

;

education in the schools of his went in 1860 to Allentown, studied law, and first

—

;

ator (1870) for three years

;

re-elected in 1873 for

three years, and elected president judge of Lehigh

County, 1878. Hans (John) Yeakel, was born Nov. 15, 1774, in Lower Milford (then Upper Milford) was elected one of the first county commissioners of Lehigh County for two years (1812-14). In 1816 he was elected for a second term of three years, and in 1819 was reelected for a third term of three years. He became ;

teen by eighteen and a half

feet,

and eighteen

feet

the east side, each twenty-five by twenty-two and onehalf inches, with four lights. In the garret is one

window

of the same size. The log part is twentynine by seventeen feet, and one story high.

—

the proprietor of the hotel at Hosensack about the year 1820, was landlord for several years, and died

Old Roads. By order of the proprietary government of the province of Pennsylvania there was in the month of March, 1736, surveyed and laid out

March

a public road by the

17, 1825.

Willoughby Gabel was born

1810

was for a number of years a successful storekeeper and farmer of Lower Milford (then Upper Milford) was elected justice of the peace in 1845, and re-elected in 1850 was elected commissioner of Lehigh and 1855 County in 1862 for three years was also elected one in

;

;

;

;

of the

first

school directors of

Upper

Milford, after

the acceptance of the common-school law in 1844, and was elected president of the first school board the same year. Peter Engelman,a successful farmer in Lower Milford, was elected county commissioner in 1850 for one

term of three years.

i

high to the roof The height of the roof on the gable is nine feet. The wall is two feet thick. The building is one story high, and has only two windows on

name of "The King's high Road," beginning in Macousin (Macungie) township, in the present Trexlertown running through the present borough of Macungie and Upper Milford (then Bucks County) crossing the land of Derrick Johnsen (Shimersville), Christian Crall (Zionsville), ;

;

John Meyer, Dewalt Mechlin, Henry Geber (Hosenand the greater

sack), Peter Walber, Ulrich Rieszer,

part of the vacant land

;

crossing the county-line be-

tween Bucks and Philadelphia Counties (now Montgomery County) into Guessehopen (Goshenhoppen), to another road leading from Goshenhoppen to Philadelphia. It was reported that this road was laid out fifty-two feet wide. This is no doubt the oldest

j

'

;

'

;

:

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. or the

first

public road laid out within the present

Lehigh County. Upper and Lower Milford are crossed by many public roads, coming from and leading in all directions, of which several are over one hundred years old. The

limits of

so-called " Great Philadelphia road," twenty-five feet wide, was laid out previous to the year 1750 beginning ;

at the old king's high-road,

on the line between Lower Milford and Upper Milford, running northwardly through Upper Milford, Lower Macungie, Salisbury, South and North Whitehall, and Washington township to Slatington, and thence to Mauch Chunk. The third public road (and perhaps nearly as old) is one leading from Emaus, crossing South Mountain in Upper Milford and Chestnut Hill in Lower Milford, and leading to Bucks County. The next road in rank is, no doubt, that leading from Zionsville eastwardly, crossing Upper Milford and Lower Milford passing Dillingersville and the Great Swamp Church, and thence leading to Spinnerstown, in Bucks County. On this road the first mail -route crossing Milford was established, in 1812 ;

(from Fogelsville to Trumbauersville).

Another principal road ville to

that leading from Zions-

is

Hereford, in Berks County.

It

is

quite old.

This road was changed in 1853 to a turnpike by the Berks and Lehigh Turnpike Company.

There are many other roads in the Milfords, of which the principal ones are those leading from Hosensack to Spinnerstown (in Lower Milford), from Dubs' Mill (now Shelly's) to Limeport, from Hosensack to Hereford, from Zionsville to Coopersburg, from Vera Cruz to Lanark, from Shimersville to

Emaus, and from Shimersville to Sieszholzville. Fretz's Mill, the First Grist-MiU in Lehigh County. This mill is situated on the Hosensack

—

Lower Milford, on the public road leading from the village of Hosensack to Steinsburg, in Bucks County, and nearly three-quarters of a mile northIt is without doubt the oldest east from Hosensack. mill-property in Lehigh County. The land on which it was established was originally bought by Peter Creek, in

Wentz, in the years 1735 and 1739, as follows, viz. On the 3d day of December, 1785, Peter Wentz purchased from Stephan Riemer (or Reamer) a tract of land containing one hundred acres, at twenty-three pounds sterling, and four years later, Sept. 24, 1739, two other tracts, containing together one hundred

and sixty perches, from the proprietaries at Those three tracts of land were crossed by the Hosensack Creek. acres

369

the mill and seventy-six and three-quarters acres of

land to Francis Russ, of Saucon township,

who

con-

ducted the grist-mill for twelve years. In or about the year 1761, Francis Russ, Sr., sold the mill and forty-eight acres of land to his son, Killian Russ, in

sold,

and

1763, the other part of his land (twenty-

eight and three-quarters acres) to his son, Francis

Russ,

Jr., at fifty

pounds.

In or about the year 1765,

Killian Russ sold the mill-property to George Lewitz,

who sold it, in 1781, to Adam Hillegas, who sold to John George Hillegas, who continued the mill for over fourteen years, and sold to Philip Everhard in or about the year 1795.

He

carried

it

on until his

Since the year 1801 the mill has been in possession of the following-named persons, death, in 1801.

viz.

:

John

1801-17

Bahl,

Gabriel Klein,

:

;

Isaac

Klein,

1817

Abraham Gerhard, 1837-49;

Samuel Krauss, 1849-55; Samuel Weinberger, 1855Henry Weinberger, 1862-64; Aaron Weinberger,

62;

1864-65;

Jacob Weiss, 1865-79; Jonathan Fretz 1879 (the present owner), and occupied by his son,

William Fretz. Walber's Tavern.

—This

tavern was situated near

the present Kraussdale, in Lower Milford, on the old " King's high-road," and nearly two miles southeast

from the village of Hosensack. The tavern was probably established as early as 1735, by Nicolaus Walber, and was without any doubt the first tavern in the limits of the present Lehigh County. The premises on which this tavern was situated were first settled by said Nicolaus Walbert, in the year 1734. James Steel purchased from the heirs of Col. William Markham, on the 24th day of January, 1729, two hundred and seventy-six acres of land situated in Upper Milford, Bucks Co., which was sold, 1734, to Nicolaus Walber for one hundred and eighty-nine pounds. On this property Walber (or Waiver) established the following year a tavern, kept the same for about seventeen years, and sold it and other buildings, besides one hundred and four acres of land, to John and Daniel Stauffer the tavern was then abandoned ;

forever. It

was reported that one day a peddler came

to this

tavern and requested night-quarters, and the following

day his dead body was found in a neighboring swamp and it was stated further that in the old tavern since that night frequent mysterious noises were heard, which led to the closing of the tavern. Larosch's, or Kemmerer's,

Tavern.—This

hotel

Streib for four

was situated in Lower Milford township, on the " King's high-road," between the villages of Hosensack and Zionsville, and about equidistant from them. In June, 1786, Henry Larosch was licensed to keep tavern, and no doubt he kept there previous to that year, as he purchased the property three years prior. Larosch kept tavern until his death, in 1800, and his son, Henry Larosch, Jr., purchased the property and kept the house several years, during which time some

operation for

tenants also occupied the property.

£15

7s.

On

this land the first grist-mill in the county

erected by to Isaias

Lancaster Co., the mill arid

hundred 1746,

acres).

Cuschwa

all his

land (over two

carried on the mill until

it, with all of the land, to David hundred pounds. He continued its three years, and March 19, 1749, sold

when he

24

was

Wentz in the year 1740. In 1743 he sold Cuschwa (or Gushwa), of Mount Bethel,

sold

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

3^0

In July, 1815, Martin Kemnierer purchased the property, and continued the tavern for about thirty-

when his son, Solomon Kemmerer, purand became landlord. He died in December, 1863. During the time Solomon Kemmerer owned the property the tavern was also kept by tenants, among them Gideon Laudenschlaeger, John Wieder, and Edward Frey. In the year 1863 the tavern was closed, after a period eight years,

chased

it

of at least eighty-seven years. At this tavern the spring or township elections of Upper Milford, previous to the division of the township in 1853, were

many

held for

The

years.

first

election in

Lower

Milford (after division) was held at this tavern on March 18, 1853, for the election of the first officers of the township, and this was the last election which was held at this place. This property is at present in possession of Dr.

John

mon Kemmerer, but

S. Ziegler, son-in-law of Solo-

it is

only occupied as a private

dwelling-house.

"Church book of the Christian Congregation at Great Swamp. "In which are recorded,— First, Tliose Articles of Christian Disiplin which this Congregation, with others in this Conntry, has adopted; Secondly, The names of Parents, Sponsors, and Infants who were baptized

by me.

"JOHANN HeNEICUS GoETSOHIUS, V.D.M., "HeLVETICUS TlGURINUS " {Canton of Switzerland),

" April 24, A.B. 17S6."

The earliest enrollment of male members of this congregation (from 1736 to 1746) shows the following names: Franz Rus (Rusz), Ulrich Rieser, Ludwig Bitting, Alexander Dieffenderfer, Peter Linn, J. Schmidt, Christian Miller, N. Miller, Jacob Dubs, Jacob Wetzel, Jacob Wetzel, Jr., N. Kessler, Felix Branner, J. Buskirk, Joseph Eberhart, Michael Eberhart, Michael Eberhart, Jr., Ulrich Spinner, J. Bleyler, Peter Bleyler, Alsap Heger, N. Hick, J. Huber, Abraham Kraft, Henry Huber, Jacob Huber, Rudy Huber (der Wagner), A. Huber (der Schneider uud

Tochterman), Rudy Frick, Abraham Titlow, N. TitMumbauer, Saul Sampsel, N. Willauer, John Huber, John Huber, Sr., Philip Boehm (der Schlosser), Valentine Kaiser, Daniel Kucker, N. Huber (der Schmidt), Huber's Bruden, J. G. Titlow (der Weber), B. Weiss, N. Kuendig, David Traub,

low, J. Nic.

Fischer's Tavern, or later Foster's Tavern.— This tavern was situated in Upper Milford, on the old public " King's high-road," between Shimersville and Macungie, and about half a mile from Shimersville.

The land on which this hotel was located was first settled by a man called John Wetzel (or Weitzel), and was sold to John Fischer, who commenced to

Andreas Greber. The church and the

year 1795, and remained In the year 1820 in business over twenty-five years. the hotel property was purchased by Jacob Fischer, who kept until 1825. In that year Charles Foster

the public road leading from Zionsville to Spinners-

keep tavern previous

to the

purchased the property, and continued the hotel for over thirty years, until about 1855, at which time the hotel

was

closed.

The property is at present in posH. Foster, Esq., of Jack-

session of his son, Charles sonville,

Lehigh Co.

—

Seider's Tavern. This tavern was situated on the great Philadelphia road, near the line between Upper

Milford and Macungie townships, about one mile west from the borough of Emaus. This tavern was erected

and established by George Seider in the year 1785.

He

kept the tavern for about twenty-five years, until the year 1810, since which time it has been disFor a number of years the farmer's continued. plow and harrow have gone over the spot on which the tavern stood, on the fields of Moses Wieand,

now

deceased.

Eeligious.— The Great

Swamp Church.— The be-

Swamp Reformed

congregation (according to Dr. C. Z. Weiser) is involved in obscurity, as is indeed the origin of nearly all the primitive churches in Pennsylvania. But it is believed that

the congregation was organized and the first church built previous to the year 1730, and that the edifice

was used from the beginning for school as well as The church register opens in religious purposes. the month of April, 1736, under pastor John Henry tion:

congregation

is

real property of the Great

situated in

Lower

Milford, on

town, and near the line between Lehigh and Bucks

The survey and grant

of the ground was and the deed (patent) was issued Dec. 16, 1762 (for one hundred and thirteen acres of land), unto Michael Eberhart and Joseph Eberhart, Jr., for the use of the minister, elders, and congregation of the Reformed Calvinist Society settled in Upper Milford and adjacent township of Lower Milford, in Bucks County. This tract of ground is nearly square, one hundred and forty-eight perches long and one hundred and thirty perches wide, containing one hundred and thirteen acres and seventy perches and Counties.

made

in 1738,

—

—

the usual allowance of six per cent. Quit-rent, etc., has been paid upon it to the amount of £17 lis. Id. In 1772 the old log church was sold to George Stahl, of the Hosensack Valley, built near the

same

place.

and a new stone church was It was erected under the

The third church was under the ministry of the elder Weiser. It is said that the entire building cost but eighteen hundred dollars in money, the stone and timber being gathered from the land owned by the congregation. The fourth and present church was built in 1872-73, during the pastorate of 0. Z. Weiser. This last temple undoubtedly cost more money than the three bepastorate of the elder Faber. built in 1837,

ginning of the Great

Goetchey.

Swamp

The

title-page has the following inscrip-

fore

it.

dollars.

Its total cost is

no

less

than thirty thousand

The building committee was composed

of

Isaac Fluck, Aaron Dubs, Samuel Wieandt, Daniel Eberhardt, and Reuben Mumbauer.

The Great Swamp congregation was Nov.

8,

incorporated

1856, through the efibrts of the pastor, Daniel

;;

:

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. The

Weiser.

charter was signed by the following

Daniel Weiser, pastor; Samuel Wieandt, Isaac Fluck, elders Charles Wieandt, Aaron Kem-

persons:

;

merer, and William Derr, deacons. The names of all the ministers, so far as known, who have had charge of the Great Swamp Church are as follows, viz.

Johann Henry Goetchey

:

schius), 1736-39; 1739-46,

(or

Goet-

unknown George Michael ;

371

John

Stabler, Alexander Diefendoerfer, Friederich. Kern, Eudolph Weisz, Jacob Funk, Philip Gesel, Stoffel Andreas, Job. Henry Eudolph, George Stahl, Casimir Griinmeyer, Daniel Dubs, Johannes Miiller, Nicolaus Bieber, Job. Armbriister, John Eeisz, Peter Lang, Christian Fischer, Philip Becker, Peter Linn, Joh. Koch, Jacob Berger, George Bater, Conrad Wolf, Michael Schmeier, Stoffel Schmidt, Gorg Knaben-

Weiss, 1746-61; vacant, 1761-63; Johann Eudolph Kidweiler, 1763-65, two years (he died Oct. 2, 1764,

berger, Jacob Holtzhausen, Gottfried Diefendahler,

aged forty-seven years, nine months, and his remains are resting in the graveyard of the church) Jacob Eeisz, Philip Jacob Michael, and Philip Leydig, supply in 1766, one year John Christopher Gobreoht, 1766-70 Casper Wack, about one year in 1770 and 1771 Johann Theobald Faber, Sr., 1771-79 Johann Wilhelm Ingold, 1779-81; Friederich Dellicker (a

wein, Joh. Marbiirger, Joh. George Christman, Joh.

;

;

;

;

;

Frenchman

his name was originally De La Cour), Friederich Wilhelm von der Sloot, Sr., 178-1-86; Johann Theobald Faber, Sr. (second term), 1786-88, until death vacant, 1788 Nicolaus Pomp, ;

1781-84;

;

;

1789-91

;

J.

Theobald Faber,

C. Helffenstein,

bert

von der Sloot,

Jr.,

1808-11;

1812-18

;

1791-1807

Jr.,

J.

J.

Al-

Frederick William Theobald Faber, Jr.

(second term), 1818-33, died here

D.D., 1833-63

;

Daniel Weiser, Clement Z. Weiser, D.D., 1863, the

;

;

present pastor.

The present membership of the congregation exceeds four hundred communicants. The first Sunday-school of this congregation was ganized in the

spring of 1840, with Rev.

Daniel

Weiser superintendent, and John J. Thomas assistant superintendent. School was opened with some twenty children, and continued during the past fortythree years. Several teachers in this school have labored during the forty-three years of its existence, among whom may be mentioned the Misses Eberhart, Eliza and Maria. The successive superintendents of this Sunday-scbool have been as follows John J. Thomas, Joseph Connor, W. T. Cramer, Jacob Bibig-

—

:

haus, Isaac Fluck,

W.

C. Boeder,

The present number of scholars

Nathan

C. Boeder.

in this Sunday-school

exceeds two hundred.

The Reformed Upper Milford Congregation.— The church and ground of this congregation is situated in the village of Zionsville, and on the same road The father of this church as the Lutheran Church. was no doubt a man named Philip Herzog. He immigrated to this country in 1738, and soon afterwards settled at this place and took up one hundred and two first

On

the eastern corner of this tract the Reformed Church was built previous to the year

acres of land.

1750.

According to the church record (which was opened about 1757), the congregation must have been formed nearly five years previous. Among the persons on record as members of this church we find the following parents, sponsors, and infants: Philip Herzog, Einehard Kersemer, Paulus Foerst, Nicolaus Stabler,

Henry Kemmerer, Hartman Lubenguth, Joh. OleLarosch, Chasz. Spengler, Jacob

Lerch, Nicolaus

Federolf, Valentine Kliick, Joh. Eothenbiirger, Jo-

hannes

Ulrich

Ort,

Strausz,

Kulbe,

Adam

Joh.

Zieszly,

Adam Adam

David

Diehl,

Schuler, Joh.

Bernhard Vogeli, Conrad Nusz, George Siiszholtz, Philip Wetzel, Melchior Baer, Wendel Wieand, Joh. Hilligasz, David Standt, Peter Lahr, Peter Deischer, Philip Walter, Henry Erhard, Andreas Graber, Conrad Klein, Jacob Gehry.

On the 14th

Wendel Wieand

of February, 1789,

sold

and twenty-three Stophel Mohr, a trustee of

a tract of land containing one acre

perches for three pounds, to

the Reformed congregation, for the use of the same.

On

same year the second church and the old log church taken

this tract of land the

was erected

(of stone),

away. In the year 1858 this church gave way to a new one, the third church, built of brick. Below is a list of all the known ministers in charge of this congregation Eev. John Egidius Hecker, from 1757-62 :

Eev. John Philip Leydich, seven or eight years, until 1771 Eev. John George Witner, 1771-79 Eev. John Henry HelflFrich, 1779-1810 (thirty-one years) Eev. ;

;

;

Jacob William Dechant, 1811-15 (he went as a missionary to Ohio) Eev. Daniel Zeller, 1815-57 (fortytwo years resigned in old age) Eev. Alfred J. G. Eev. E. S. Appel, Dubs, 1857-71 (fourteen years) 1871-73 (two years) Rev. Dr. Daniel Weiser, 1873-74 ;

;

;

;

;

(as

supply)

;

Rev. Eli Keller, 1874, the present pastor.

Second Upper Milford Reformed Congregation. congregation was organized in 1818 by some members of the old Reformed congregation, and erected with the Lutheran congregation (which was compelled to build a new church) a Union church in the year 1819. The building committee was composed as fol-

— This

lows, viz.

Lutheran—Isaac Dillinger,

Jacob

Klein,

John Vogt,

Bildhaus,

trustees

building

;

John

committee

Friedrich Wilhelm Mendsen, pastor.

—

Reformed John Mechling, Lorens Stabler, trusConrad Mertz, Christian Stabler, building committee Jacob C. Becker, V.D.M., pastor. The united congregations bought of Christopher Mohr, Aug. 22, 1818, a small tract of land containing tees

;

;

forty-three perches,

at

fifty-five

dollars.

On

this

ground the new Union Church was built in 1819 and consecrated in 1820.

The

ministers

who have had charge

of this

new

;

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

372

congregation since 1820 are as follows C. Becker; Rev.

:

Rev. Jacob

Johann Theobald Faber had charge

of the congregation until his death, in 1833, fourteen

Samuel Hess had charge of the congreeleven years, resigned, and had charge the same time of Saucon vacant 1844-45 Rev. H. S. Baazler served two years, from 1845-47 Rev. Christian Rudolph Keszler, 1847-49, resigned on account of sickness; Rev. Johann Bernhard Poernei- had charge of this and some other congregations five years, 1849-54, resigned, and went to Luzerne County he organized in 1850 the Chestnut Hill congregation Rev. Johann Simon Keszler, D.I)., nine years, from 1855 to 1864, and died in Allentown, years; Rev. gation,

1833-44,

;

;

;

;

Dec.

21, 1864,

aged sixty-seven years, four months.

Keszler was one of the most prominent ministers in the Reformed Church

;

Rev. Henry

S. Baszler,

time, took charge for seven years, 1864-71,

second

and

re-

signed.

After the resignation of Rev. Baszler, the congregation

was discontinued; about seventy-five members

sold their share in the church property to the Lutherans, by a release deed, for five

hundred and

fifty

This new Reformed congregation existed

dollars. fifty- two

The Original Upper Milford Lutheran Congregation. The origin of this congregation occurred

—

near the present village of Dillingersville, in the Lower Milford (then Upper

present township of

Milford), in or about the year 1734 or 1735.

A

suita-

ble tract of land, containing almost thirty acres, was selected,

upon which a log building was erected

The

for

fathers of this

congregation, as nearly as can be ascertained, were

Theobad Mechlin, Henry William

Dillinger, Martin Weilknecht, Michael Moser, Peter Wentz, Henry Post, Andreas Eckhart, Casper Ritter, Peter Rerz, Heinrich Riesz, Christopher Andreas Guthman, Leon-

hart Lutz.

The

record was opened in the year 1749 by the

pastor, Rev.

Ludolph Heinrich Schrencke.

Among

the names which we find in this record are the following Johann Jacob Kurr, Peter Sohilp, Michael :

Schmidt, Friederich Kammerer, John George Dillin-

Jacob Dillinger, Hans Dillinger, Johann Jacob Peter Mechlin, Michael Flores, Nicolaus Stabler, Paul Ritter, Martin Ritter, Peter Greulig, Johann George Bassel, William Hencke, Johann George Miller, Mathias Ox, Johann Michael ger,

Mechlin, Johann

Guthman, Johann Peter Koh-ler, Friederich NungesPhilip Stephen Doppenmeyer, George Klein, Thomas Kurr, Isaac Leopold Dijlp, Johann Adam Trump, Johann David Streib, Gabriel Kohler, Johann Adam Roth, Johann Michael Bastian, Mathias Basser,

Johannes Dorr, Johannes Wagenseil, Michael Rieb, Johann Martin Schwenck, George Schweighardt, Jacob Busch, Johann Mathias Muller, Balthasar Vetterman, Martin Schiiffer, Peter Huttel (Hittel), Peter Trautman, Jost Olewein, Balthasar tian,

Friederich Keiser.

The male communicants of the year 1750 we find by the record were Jacob Kurr, Gabriel Kohler, Jacob Weisz, Christian Reiner, Johannes Becker, Johann Michael Guthman, Thomas Kurr, Johann Ada Gebel, Johann George Jund, Hannes Yund, Johann Heinrich Mattinger, Jacob Eigener, Michal Rieh, Friederich Kormmerer, Johannes Schaller, Andreas Beyer, Johann Adam Gramly, Philip Flexer, Michael Bastian, Conrad Pap, Johann Andreas Dresler, Adam Roth, Mathias Eigener, Michael Knappenberger! Michael Flores, Martin Schaffer, Theobald Mechlin, Johann Georg Hiiff't, Conrad Rosz, Mathias Heyle, Melchior Vogelman, George Dillinger, Peter Kohler, .lohann Georg Steigleder, Henry Henser, Johann Heinrich Hartwick, Heinrich Thomas. The names of the ministers who ofiiciated for this old congregation

previous to the year 1745 are not

From 1745 to 1748 the old Lutheran patriHenry Melchior Miihlenberg, was in charge of

known. arch,

the church.

years.

school and church purposes.

Johann Michael Mattinger, Jacob Schantz, George Wiilder, Ludwig Siefers, Michael Reichenbach, Peter Edelman, Adam Eeinhard, Christian Metzger, Peter Lange, Conrad Zeller, Johannes Junt, Gotz,

He was

living in Providence township

From 1748 to 1749 the congregation was served occasionally with the word of God by the school-teachers, John Jacob Loeser and (then Philadelphia County).

John Friederich Vigera. From 1749 to 1753 the congregation was in charge of Ludolph Henry Schrencke, or Schrenk. He came in March, 1749, from Liineberg, in Germany, to Philadelphia, and was ordered by Miihlenberg to this place, and had the Upper Milford and Saucon congregations in charge until the year 1753, when he went to Raritan, N. J. The successor of Rev. L. H. Schrencke was Rev. John Andreas Friederici, or Friederich, who had charge of this church (and that in Saucon) for a period of eight years, from 1754 to 1762. He weot to Smithfield, on the other side of the Blue Mountain. The pastor or pastors who took charge of the congregation after Friederici departed, from 1762 to 1767, are not known. During that time a very nice record was kept, but no pastor is mentioned. (In 1757 a second Lutheran congregation was organized in Upper Milford— at the present Zionsville

—by

some of the members of the old congregation,

brought about by differences now unknown.) From 1767 to 1789 the old congregation had no pastor. From 1789 to 1791, Rev. Christian Espich had charge of the congregation. After his term of service the congregation was disbanded, log house was afterwards only used for

and the

old

school pur-

poses.

In the year 1799 the old house was removed, and with the wood a barn was erected on the premises. At the same time a new stone school-house, combined with a dwelling, was erected. Until the year 1799 the premises belonged to the Lutheran congregation

:

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS.

373

Von

Buskirk came a second congregation nearly four

exclusively, but in that year rules were adopted

made the property

a union property,

which

—Lutheran, Re-

formed, Mennonite, and Schwenkfelder.

—

old "King's high-road," leading from Macungie to Philadelphia, on a beautiful hill, a branch of the

South Mountain. This congregation was organized in 1757 by members who had separated from the old and original Peter Hiittel, father of the Hittels in

Lehigh County, and a member of the old congregation, bought, in 1753, of John Bingaman, at the present Zionsville, over one hundred and twenty acres of land, of which he donated, in 1757, one acre to the

The

newly-organized congregation. first church was built in 1758.

was a log

and was used by the congregation until the The church record was opened in the year 1758 by the pastor. Rev. Friederich Schertlein. Among the names of the earliest members found in it year 1819.

:

Henry

John Arnold, John

Hertzel, Joh. Nic. Steiner,

Schaller,

officiated for the

His successor was Rev. Kramer, from 1800 to 1803. Rev. Friederich Geiaenhainer, Rev. Heinrich Heyer, Rev. Mr. Roller, and Rev. Friederich Plitt served during the period from 1803 to 1808; Rev. Henry Heiny, from 1808 to 1817 Rev. Henry G. Stecher, from 1817 to 1819 and i.

P. F.

Abraham Reinhard,

;

;

Rev. Friederich Wilhelm Mendsen during the year 1819. In that year the old log church was taken away and a new and large stone church was erected, and instead of a Lutheran was made a union church, under charge of Rev. Mendsen. Mendsen's successor was Rev. Benjamin German, from 1819 to his death, in His successor in oflSce was 1848, twenty-nine years. his brother, Wilhelm German, from 1848 to his death,

July It

structure,

are the following

and

time,

years, or until the year 1800.

The Second Upper Milford Lutheran CongregaThe property of this congregation is located in tion. the village of Zionsville, in Upper Milford, on the

congregation.

departed, Rev. Jacob

28, 1851.

In the year 1851, Augustus L. Dechant, a Reformed minister, had charge of the congregation a short time In the year 1852, Rev. Jacob Vogelbach as supply. took charge of the congregation, and remained until 1857. He resigned and went to Philadelphia, where he died. His successor in office was Rev. William Rath, the present pastor. During the last four years M. O. Rath, has officiated as assistant

Nic. Rothenburger, Michael Flores, Jacob Dillinger,

his son, Rev.

Peter Martin, Friederich Toelp, Jost Olewein, George

pastor.

Wieter, Nicolaus Seytel, Michael Spiegel, Isaac Jerry

In the year 1876 the old church was taken away and a large brick church was erected on the same spot, and instead of a union was made a Lutheran Church. The half-share of the Reformed congregation in the real property was bought for the sum of five hundred and fifty dollars, and the sole right of the property secured to the Lutherans by a release deed. Chestnut Hill Church (of the union Lutheran and Reformed congregations) is situated on Chestnut This church property is Hill, in Lower Milford.

Christian Metzger, Fred. William

Kern, Philip Jacob Wagner, George Dorr (Doerr), Johannes Steckert, Peter Hiittel (Hittel), Gabriel Kohler, Theobald Mechlin, Henry Kurr, Friederich Kammerer, John Wetzel, Peter Fisher, J. Michael Mat(Jerrett),

tinger,

Jacob Sicher, Joh.

vSeb.

Trickenmiiller, Joh.

Philip Heing, Joes Rosz, Christian Reinert, Ludwig Siefer, Wilhelm Schaffer, Adam Thiel (Diehl), Joh.

Musselberger, Christian Fischer, Peter Schuler, Philip Federdlff, Friederich Kirchner, George Still, Stephan Thalman, Philip Schiitz, Michael Stocker, Philip

Schlauch, Jacob Schaffer, Johannes Heinle, Frantz Wesko, Hannes Hud, Heinrich Beeker, George Seider, Adam Kohlman, Johannes Schantz, Abr.

Hauser, Christolph Hoepler, Michael Flexer, Martin Ring, Jacob Theil, Conrad Wittmeier, Mathias Bastian,

and

The

minister

No

record previous to the year 1757

who

oflSciated as pastor for this

congregation was Rev. Schafer.

He

served for about

one year, 1757. His successor in oflBce was Rev. Jacob Friederich Schertlfein, who served about two It was under his charge that years, from 1758-60. the first church was erected in the year 1758. The names of the ministers who had charge of the congregation from 1760-69, a period of nine years, are

not known, but no doubt Rev. George Wiesner, who had at the same time the Macungie congregation in charge, was one of them. In the year 1769, Rev. Jacob Von Buskirk came to this place and took charge of the congregation, and remained until the year 1793, twenty-four years. His successor was George Friederich EUisen, 1793-97. After EUisen

is

in

been assumed by some persons that the first church at this place was erected as early as 1720, but no argument can be found to prove such an existence.

It has

assertion.

Still,

the church

is

very old.- Its origin

could be placed previous to the year 1757, and perhaps previous to the year 1740. The year in which the original congregation

others.

first

very old.

(German Reformed) was organ-

We

have an old instrument of which is dated March 3, 1757, according to which the ground on which the church was previously erected and the burying-ground located, about one acre, was sold by Andreas Engelman to the

ized

is

not known.

writing, a deed,

congregation for the consideration of ten shillings. The names of the members of the congregation

mentioned in the deed aforesaid were as follows George Stahlnecker, Jost Olewein, Jacob Smith, Martin Schwenck, Jacob Bitthaus, Christofel Heller, George Welder, Nicholas France, Peter Kurtz, Jacob Hoover (Huber), John Goodwalts, John Shoemaker, Christian Miller, Peter Sluser (Schlosser), Peter Lang, Andreas Engelman. Attest by Susanna Margaretha

Gebhard and Thomas Owens,

J. P.

;

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

374

short time between 1770 and 1783.

formed congregation is about eighty. Those of the Lutheran congregation number nearly one hundred. St. Peter's Union Church.—This church is situated right on the west corner of Upper Milford, and on the

There is still an old record-book in possession of the congregation, which was opened June, 1773, and

to Sieszholtzville, about three

The names

of the pastors of the congregation previous to the year 1782 are not known. It is believed that Kev. Casper Wack oflSciated for this church a

public road leading from the village of Shimersville and a half miles west

The land was purchased by

closed at the end of the year 1787, in which we find the names of parents, sponsors, and infants who were baptized, etc. We find further that Eev. Fricderich

of Shimersville.

by birth a Frenchman, a Huguenot (his original name was De La Cour), officiated for the congregation about two years (1782-83). His successor in office was no doubt Eev. Friederich Wilhelm van der Sloot, Sr., who officiated for the church from 1784 to 1786. From 1787 to 1811 the church had no regular pastors. In the year 1811, Rev. Jacob Wilhelm Dechant

the ground

preached at the church once every four weeks. The last funeral service in the old church was held by Eev. Henry G. Stecher, on Feb. 14, 1818. This was the funeral of Abraham Hendricks, at which a part of the gallery was broken down, but without

eran Congregation.

Dellicker,

serious accident to anybody.

In 1820 the old church, a log building, was torn down, and with the material a school-house was erected at the

same

place.

we find the following names Johannes Stahl, Carl Ludwig Kaiber, Nicolaus Eothenbiirger, Anthon Stabler, Jacob Miller, Adam Albrecht, Johannes Schmith, Johann Koenig, George Kaufman, Jacob Eumfeld, Peter Busch, Peter Deisz (now Dice), John Andreas Engelman, Andreas Stahlnecker, Nicolaus Dietz, Peter Braun, Eeinhardt Brunner, George Schaffer, Johannes Linn, Jacob Erdman, Simon Zeller, Jacob Eberhard, Hans Vogt, Johannes Welder, Hans Ord, Eudolph Funk, George Wurman, Georg Euch, Michael Ott, George Steiner, Jacob Wittman, Michael Bischop, Henry Huber, George Kern, George Harlacher, Jacob Kehler. In 1850 there were two congregations organized at this place, a Eeformed congregation and a Lutheran congregation, and the same year a new union church was erected. The building committee was composed of Anthony Schiffert, Willoughby Gabel, of the Lutheran congregation Peter Engelman, of the Eeformed Henry Meyer, of the Mennonite Samuel Eothenberger, treasurer. (No congregation has been organized by the Mennonites.) Since 1850 the congregations have been served by the following pastors W. B. Kemnierer, S. K. Brobst, Ferdinand Berkenmeyer, Edward H. M. Sell, Leonhard Groh, E. Kistler, F. Welden, Joseph Hilpot, A. R. Home (present pastor), Lutheran; Johann B. Poerner, five years (1850-55), John S. Keszler, D.D., In the old record

:

;

;

;

:

six years (1856-63),

Henry

S. Baszler, six years (1864

-70), A. F. Ziegler, supply, one year (1871), F. J.

Mohr, twelve years (1871-83), C. pastor),

J.

Wieand

(present

Eeformed.

The number of communicants

1770, for the use of a burial-ground

and

On

school.

an old school-house, which was no doubt erected as early as 1770. In the year 1843 there was a Lutheran congregation, and also a Eeis still

formed congregation, organized here. In the following year (1844) a new stone church was erected on this

Since the organization of these congre-

ground.

tions several

Their names

ministers have had pastoral are, as

—

charge.

near as known, as follows: LuthEevs. Daniel Kohler, Samuel K.

Ferdinand Berkenmeyer, Edward Herman Crall, S. E. Bayer, D. H. Humbert M. Sell, Brobst,

(present pastor).

The

present membership of the

Lutheran congregation at the St. Peter's Church is estimated at about fifty communicants. Reformed Congregation. Eev. Henry S. Baszler (eight years), born Aug. 8, 1804, died Feb. 17, 1883; Eev. Christian Eudolf Keszler (one year), born Feb. Eev. John Bernhard 20, 1823, died March 4, 1855 Poerner (five years) Eev. Dr. John Simon Keszler (nine years), born Aug. 19, 1797, in Switzerland, and died Dec. 21, 1864, in Allentown Eev. E. S. Appel (two years) Rev. Augustus L. Dechant (one year) Rev. Eli Keller (pastor since 1874). The present membership of the Reformed congregation is estimated between twenty-five and thirty communicants. In the summer of the year 1883 St. Peter's Church was repaired and a new steeple was erected. The Old Mennonite Church and Congregation. The church of this congregation is situated near the village of Zionsville, in Upper Milford, on the public road leading from Macungie to Sumneytown, and on

—

;

;

;

;

—

the King's high-road.

more involved

The origin

of the congregation

than that of any other congregation in the vicinity. It has been traditionally reported that this congregation was founded and organized previous to the year 1740, or as early as 1735.

is

It is true that

1735,

in obscurity

the Mennonites settled very early in

several parts of

Upper Milford previous

to the year

and without any doubt they organized

their

congregation previous to the year 1740. Feb. 10, 1772, John Schantz and Benjamin Meyer, trustees of the

Henry

Mennonite congregation, bought from

Schleifer

for

twenty-five shillings one-half

acre of ground (the

same on which many years vious a church had been erected, and which had been used as a burying-ground).

On

prealso

.Tan. 20, 1795,

Ulrich Bsiszler and Abraham Shantz, trustees of the same congregation, bought of Conrad Meyer a second tract,

of the present Ee-

the in-

habitants of the neighborhood in or about the year

containing thirty-nine perches, to enlarge the

burying-ground.

—

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. The by

first

meeting-house, a log structure, was built

between the years 1735 and 1740. In the year 1840 a third tract of land, containing one and one-half acres, was bought by the congregation from Conrad Meyer. In the same year the old log church gave way to a new one of stone. this congregation

The names

of the earliest

members of

this congre-

gation were, as near as can be ascertained, as follows,

Conrad Stamm, Johannes Stahl, Derrick Jansen, Henry Schleifer, George Weisz, John Meyer, Henry Funk, Michael Meyer, Peter Meyer, Johannes Gehman, Johannes Stauflfer, Daniel Stauffer, Abraham Meyer, Ulrich Baszler, Jacob Hiestand, Philip Geisinger, Christian Musselman, Rudolph Weisz, John Schantz, and others. In the year 1876 the third and present church, a large brick structure, was built, and the old stone church was torn down. The names of the earliest ministers of this congregation are unknown. It has been reported that a man named Michael Holtzhausen was their pastor for years. It has been further reported that a certain Hans Gehman, of Hereford (born Feb. 12, 1741, died Dec. 23, 1806), was in charge of this congregaHis successor tion as their pastor for some years. was, as it is reported, his son, Johannes (John) Gehman, born March 22, 1771, died July 31, 1848. He viz.

:

officiated for a period of thirty-five years.

John Schantz

The next

born Dec. 19, He was in charge for 1774, and died Jan. 8, 1855). twenty years, from 1828 to 1848. His successor in office was his son, Eev. Joseph Schantz (born Aug. pastor was

16, 1814,

(oil

died June 23, 1881).

miller,

He officiated for thirty-

seven years, from 1844 until his death. In the year 1847, William Gehman, at the age of twenty years, was elected assistant pastor of the congregation to serve with Kev. Schantz, to which office he attended The faithfully for six years, and then resigned. is Eev. Carl H. A. von der Smissen. succeeded Kev. Mr. Schantz in July, 1881.

375

the cause of a separation, which took place about the

Eev. Mr. William

year 1856.

Gehman

resigned his

and became a leading member of this new congregation. In the summer of the year 1858 this congregation erected their own house of worship, in Upper Milford, position as pastor in the old congregation,

about one mile above Dillingersville.

Among

members of this conGehman, pastor; David Gehman, deacon Jacob Musselman, Abraham Kauflfthe names of the

first

gregation are Kev. William ;

Samuel Kauffman, Joseph Stauffer, Josiah W. Stauffer, David Musselman, Abraham Musselman, Jonas Musselman, and Abraham Kauffman, Jr.

man,

Sr.,

On

Sept. 24, 1858, the

first

conference of this

new

denomination was held at the private house of David Musselman, in Upper Milford. Among the members present were William Gehman, William N. Schelly, David David Henning, Henry Diehl, ministers Gehman, Joseph Schneider, Jacob Gottschall, deacons. ;

this conference the name Evangelical Mennon(Evangelische Mennonitten) was adopted. In the winter of 1881-82 a general conference was held in the above-mentioned house of worship. Dele-

At

ite

Canada, Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan were present. At this conference the name " Evangelical Mennonites" was changed into " Evangelical United Mennonites." Since 1858 the above-mentioned congregation has increased to sixty-five members, and gates from

young men have become ministers of the L. Romig, Abraham Kauffman, Jonas Musselman, John Traub, and several gospel,

among them Joseph

others.

Since 1858 the congregation has been in charge of Kev. William, Gehman,

the following local ministers

:

Rev. William N. Schelly, Rev. Joseph L. Romig, Rev. L. Lambert, Rev. Abraham Kauffman, Rev. Abel Strawn,and Rev. Jonas Musselman, the present pastor. The present membership of this congregation is about

present pastor

sixty-five.

He

At this church, in 1875, there was a Sunday-school organized, which has flourished until the present date,

The present number of communicants is eightyThey collected in 1882, from several sources, three. and forty-six dollars and ninety-five hundred one cents for mission purposes.

In the year 1853 a Sunday-school was organized in the Mennonite Church, and has been successfully continued until the present day. The present number of scholars of this Sunday-school is eighty-seven,

and the number of teachers twelve. They collected, in 1882, forty-two dollars and ninety-five cents for This school has a library of over two hundred volumes. Combined with the old congregation there was also a school from the time of its beneficial purposes.

organization.

Evangelical United Mennonite Congregation.— This congregation was organized in the year 1857 by congregation. several members of the old Mennonite religious some year that to previous years One or two and were diflTerences arose in this old congregation,

and counts

at present fourteen teachers

and

fifty-nine

scholars.

At a

December, above-named Evandenomination changed

special general conference held in

1883, in Harrisburg, Ohio, the

Mennonite Mennonite Brethren in Christ." Schwenkfelder Congregation in Kraussdale. The ground and church of this congregation is also situated on the line between Lehigh (Lower Milford) gelical

their

United

name

to "

and Montgomery Counties. The land on which the church is erected (and which had been used nearly fifty years previous as a burying-ground) was donated by Baltzer Krauss, Jr., unto Gregorius Schultz and Jacob Gerhard, school

and

trustees

religious

of the

congregation,

services previous to the

for

year

Baltzer Krauss died Oct. 14, 1805. The first meeting-house or church at this place was erected in 1805.

1815.

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

376

The is

date of the organization of the congregation unlinown, but no doubt it is to be placed many

years previous to the year

members

1

The names

815.

of the

were as follows Johannes Krauss, Andreas Krauss, George Krauss, Jacob Kriebel, George Schultz, Samuel Schultz, David Yeakel, Carl Yeakel, Christopher Neuman, Jacob GCrhard, Jeremias Meschter, Christopher Yeakel. With this congregation a school was also combined. In the year 1857 the old church gave place to a new in 1815

:

school was started

in

combination with this

church, and continued until the year 1840.

Besides

the German, the Latin and Greek languages were favorite studies,

The names of

and were taught the ministers

as early as 1775.

who had

of this congregation were the following

official :

charge

Rev. George

Kriebel died Dec.

1, 1805, aged seventy-three years, one month, and twenty-two days Rev. John Schultz, died Nov. 3, 1827, aged fifty-five years, seven months, and twenty-two days Christopher Schultz, died March 22, 1843, aged sixty-five years and five months; Rev. William Schultz; Rev. Joshua Schultz and Rev. Jacob Meschter, present pastors. ;

;

Schwenkfelder Congregation (in the Hosensack The church and ground of this congregation is situated on the line between Lower Milford and Montgomery County. The Schwenkfelders (folValley).

—

lowers of Caspar Schwenkfeld, a Silesian nobleman,

born at Ossing, in Lower

Silesia, in 1490) fled their

homes in the vicinity of Harpersdorf, in Silesia, in the months of February, March, April, and May, 1726, and went under the protection of Count Zinzendorf to Saxony, where they lived in a state of uncertainty as to their future for eight years. During the years 1733-37, the Schwenkfelders left Saxony and emigrated to Pennsylvania, and soon settled in the upper part of Montgomery and the eastern part of Berks County (then Philadelphia County), and in the southern corner of Lehigh (then Bucks County). They settled in the lower (southern) part of Upper, and especially of Lower, Milford (then Upper Milford), in the present Kraussdale and Hosensack.

Among

Schwenkfelders settled in Milford we find the names of Krauss, Yeakel, Schultz, Schuthe

Warmer, Wagner, Seibert, etc. The congregation of Hosensack was immediately afterward organized, and religious meetings held in private houses until the year 1781, in which year a house was erected for the use of school and church purposes. The land on which the meeting-house was bert, Kriebel,

erected was obtained from George Yeakel for five pounds, Pennsylvania currency. Among the names

of the

members

and on the public road leading from the Hereford and Shimersville turnpike, through

Hosensack Valley.

Powder Valley

This congregation was

to the

first or-

ganized in the year 1830, by Rev. John Seybert, the first bishop of the association. The first meeting was held on Bald Hill, at the private house of David

Schubert

(a

Schwenkfelder), on

the

13th of Sep-

tember, 1829, by Rev. William Orwig and Rev. Carl

brick edifice.

A

—

gelische Gemeinschaft. The ground and church of the Evangelical Association is located on a high spot on a branch of the South Mountain, in Upper Milford,

of this congregation

we

find the fol-

lowing from the Milfords, viz. Abraham Kriebel, Jeremias Yeakel, Baltzer Yeakel, Melohior Yeakel Casper Yeakel, Jacob Seibert, Baltzer Schultz, Jeremias Krauss, and others. :

Church of the Evangelical Association—Evan-

Hammer.

Among

male members of this David Schubert, Christopher Schubert, Peter Wiest, George Yeakel, the names of the

congregation are

first

the following:

Melchior Yeakel, Abraham Yeakel. In the year 1831 a small tract of land was obtained from Christopher Schubert and made a burying-place. In the year 1838, Christopher Schubert built the first meeting-house (of stone) on his own land and at his own expense, and sold the same in 1840, with threequarters of an acre of land, besides the burying-ground,

hundred dollars. This house was in constant use until the year 1858, in which year the old meeting-house was taken away and a new one of brick, thirty-eight by fifty feet, was erected. to the congregation for three

—A

Evangelical Association, L-Iass, or a branch of the congregation of the Evangelical Association of Upper Milford, near Zionsville, was organized and established about forty years ago in the vicinity of the village of Vera Cruz. For a number of years the

regular meetings were held in the Baptist meetinghouse, near Vera Cruz. The present membership is

about twenty-five. Some of the leading members are Francis Schwartz, Daniel Schwartz, Amandus Klein, Henry Mohr, and Thomas Kern. The pastor at present

is Rev. Chs. Fehr, regular pastor of the Milford Circuit.

Baptist Congregation.— Previous to the year 1850 Upper Milford a German Baptist congregation, organized by Rev. Mr. Fleischman, of Philathere was in

delphia. Some of the 'first members of the congregation were William Desch, Mannasses Baer, Jonas

Yerk, Henry Desch, William Mohr, Henry Gehman, and Owen Rhoads. In the year 1852 there was a meeting-house erected by this congregation near the village of Vera Cruz,

Upper Milford. It was consecrated the same year. About the same year (or previous) William Desch and William Mohr were elected and ordained as the in

regular ministers or pastors of this church.

In the

same year a graveyard or burial-ground was established on the same ground on which the church was built (which was purchased

for that purpose from ManThe congregation was in charge of the ministers above named until 1866, when Rev. William Mohr moved from the neighborhood to Bucks

nasses Baer).

County, since which time the church has been in

—

UPPER AND LOWER MILEORD TOWNSHIPS. charge of Rev. William Desch alone. This congregation has been reduced by death and other causes to only a few members. The church building has been

377

as a minister of the gospel in 1829,

Reformed Church

He

by a class of the Evangelical Association for several years. A flourishing Sunday-school was also organized, and continued for several years. United Brethren, in Christ.— In 1881 a new class also in use

ofiiciated

and served the

for a period of over half a century.

for the

Upper Milford and Chestnut

Hill Reformed congregations as pastor for several

James H. Unger, Rev.

He died in Dauphin County on the 17th day of, February, 1883, aged seventy-eight years, six months, six days. Rev. John Schantz, son of Abraham and Susanna Schantz, was born in Upper Milford on the 19th day of December, 1774. He was elected as pastor of the old Mennonite congregation in Upper Milford, and officiated for the same twenty-seven years. He died Jan. 8, 1855, aged eighty years and twenty days. Rev. Joseph Schantz, son of ^ev. John Schantz and Hannah (Gabel), was born in Upper Milford on

joined this class

the 13th of August, 1814.

years.

or congregation of the

United Brethren in Christ was organized near Vera Cruz, in Upper Milford, by Rev. James H. Unger, minister of the East German Conference of said church. The first meeting was held in 1880 in the Baptist later the congregation

Church near "Vera Cruz, and assembled in the private house

of Charles Schuler, where services were held by Rev. J. Mil, and others. Those who were Charles Schuler and wife (Henrietta), Levi N. Schelly and wife (Mary) and daughter (Mary), Joseph Wieand, Amandus Snyder and wife (Lucy). Later came Charles Mumbauer, Oscar Romig, and Catherine Weidner. Meetings were regularly held in 1883 at the house of Charles Schuler by Rev. Eph. Light, Rev. John H. Ruhl, and Rev. H. B. Spayd, and also at the house of Levi N. first

Schelly.

•

He

took charge of the old

Mennonite Church in Upper Milford, and ministered to it for thirty-seven years, until his death, June 23, 1881. Rev. Schantz was likewi.se a progressive farmer, and lived in the Hosensack Valley, in Lower Milford.

Rev. Eli Keller was born in 1826 in Northampton County studied theology in the Eastern Theological Seminary of the Reformed Church, in Lancaster, Pa. was ordained in 1855, and removed the following year to the State of Ohio, where he served his church for a period of eighteen years. He removed in the spring of 1874, to Zionsville, in Upper Milford, and took charge of the Zionsville Circuit, composed of four congregations, Zionsville, St. Peter's Church, both of Upper Milford, and Hufl''s and Huber's Churches ;

;

Ministers of the Gospel.— Rev. George Kriebel was born Nov. 3, 1732, in Saxony, Europe, and emigrated to the country in 1734 when two years old with his parents, Casper and Susanna Kriebel. Soon afterwards his father settled in

Hatfield township,

Montgomery (then Philadelphia) County. In 1765, George moved to Lehigh County, and settled in the southern corner of Lower Milford (then Upper Milford), and became a large land-owner in the township. in

He

bought several

tracts, as

follows, viz.

:

May

18,

Samuel Michling, five tracts, containing together three hundred and two acres forty-six perches, at £1560; Jan. 28, 1773, of George Stahl, twenty-five acres one hundred and thirty-eight perches at £123 12s. March 4, 177.3, of Andrew Greber, twenty-one April 5, 1783, acres fifty-five perches, at £83 5s. 6rf. of Henry Funk, one hundred and twenty-eight acres one hundred and fifty-six perches (on which was sit1765, of

;

;

uated the second grist-mill in Hosensack), at £200. was elected pastor of the Schwenkfelder congre-

He

gations at Hosensack and Kraussdale, which position

he

filled

acceptably for over thirty years.

He

was

frequently engaged as a conveyancer and in settling differences in his vicinity. He died Dec. 1, 1805, aged

seventy-three years, one month, and twenty-two days. grandson of his is still living on the premises,

A

Anthony Kriebel, aged near ninety-two

years.

Rev.

George Kriebel was a prominent school-teacher, and served as such for his congregation for several years. Rev. Joseph S. Dubs was born in Upper Milford on the 1st day of October, 1796. (See Allentown.) Rev. Henry S. Bassler, son of Henry Bassler and Veronica (Schantz), was born in Upper Milford on the 11th day of August, 1804 studied theology under the control of Rev. Jacob William Dechant, was ordained ;

—

in Berks County.

He

is still

in charge of the same,

and resides in Zionsville. William Gehman, born in Berks County in 1827, came to Upper Milford in 1845. In 1847 the old Mennonite congregation in Upper Milford selected him as one of their pastors, which office he administered nearly ten years.

He

then resigned his

oflSce

and became the leader of a new association called the Evangelical Mennonite Congregation, in Upper Milford. He became later presiding elder of the new denomination in East Pennsylvania, which oflBce he holds at present, besides that of minister of the gospel.

He

was also a successful farmer. Joseph L. Romig was born March 13, 1837, in Berks County came to Upper Milford, and was selected in 1865 by the Evangelical Mennonite congregration of Upper Milford as one of their pastors, which office he administered three years, and died Jan. 12, 1869, aged thirty-one years, ten months. William Mohr was born in Upper Milford prior to 1830. He was selected in 1852 by the new German Baptist congregation in Upper Milford as one of their ;

pastors.

He administered theofficeuntil the year 1868,

when he resigned and moved to Hilltown, Bucks Co. Henry Desch, born in 1824, in Upper Milford, was selected in 1854 by the German Baptist congregation as one of their pastors in Upper Milford and Macungie.

He

died in 1882.

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

378

Jonas Musselman, born in Upper Milford about the year 1835, became in 1859 a minister of the Evangelical Mennonite congregation, of Upper Milford,

Quakertown,

etc.

He

is

pastor,

still

and

in

lives

Emaus.

Abraham Kauffman was born

in 1841, in

Upper

Milford; was minister of the Evangelical Mennonite congregations of Upper Milford and of other churches.

He he

in office,

is still

and

lives in

Upper

Milford, where

also follows farming.

Daniel Yeakel was born in Lower Milford (then became a minister of the in 1826

Upper Milford)

;

gospel of the Evangelical Association.

and

oflSce,

besides^ attending

to

He

is still

in

the duties of the

is also a successful and large farmer in Lower Milford. Educational— Early Schools.— The greater pro-

ministry he

portion of the early settlers within the present limits

and served the double purpose of These schools were church and school. schools so far aa instruction was concerned, but were not directly supported by the church. Each parent who sent children had to pay in proportion to the total number of days sent. In most cases the teacher boarded 'round,' which in those days was not tion of a church,

church

'

an easy task. "

The instruction was imparted in reading, writing, and a little arithmetic. Instruction in the catechism and the doctrines of the church, with singing, were generally required. These schools were not strictly denominational, but generally admitted the children After the population had increased many of these schools were overcrowded, of other denominations.

and some children had to go from three to four miles and thus a demand for more schools was created, which were established at other places (such

to school,

of Upper and Lower Milford (then Upper Milford township) were Germans. The Moravians principally settled at the northern portion, in the vicinity of

as the Birkenstocks, the Schwartzs, the Brunners, the

Emaus, while the Schwenkfelders spread

could be erected for their accommodation. Schoolhouses were built by communitias, and were commonly constructed of logs, were small, had low ceilings. They were in everything defective, but not in

into

the

lower or southern portion, adjoining Berks, Montgomery, and Bucks Counties. The present population

is

of

German

ments previous

(the so-called squatters).

and Reformed came settled here

There were a few settleand as early as 1715 The Mennonites, Lutheran, masses to this portion, and

descent.

to the year 1725,

in

from 1730

"The early German settlers came with a fair share of school learning, and there were but few who They early established and it was a feature

schools to educate their children,

with the German in their

settlers that

new houses

they were hardly seated

before they began to organize

congregations and build

churches.

Among them

were men of education, and especially among the Schwenkfelders and Moravians. Our present German population is not very far behind the descendants of the English-speaking settlers in the spirit of progress. Their schools are numerous and well attended, and they give the common-school system a generous support.

"The

early settlers in this township, as well as in

Lehigh and adjoining counties, soon after their arrival and settlements, established places of religious worship, and in due time made proseveral other parts of

vision for the education of their children, as

we

learn

from the histories of the several religious congregations of Upper and Lower Milford (for instance, the old Mennonite Church, the Schwenkfelders in Hosensack Valley, the Great Swamp Cliurch, the original Lutheran Church, the Chestnut Hill Church, and others). No doubt they believed that education made better citizens,

and enhanced the

ability

and useful-

ness of its possessors. " Almost without exception the earliest schools were established at churches or at places of worship.

And

Some were

frequently the school-house preceded the erec-

first

ventilation.

Upper

Milford).

held in private houses until buildings

The

instruction was in the

exclusively in the

German language.

first

The

schools

teachers

and educated in were generally the leaders in singing on occasions of religious worship (such as Loeser and Vigera, in the original Lutheran) Upper Milford Church school, Gemein of these

first

Europe.

to 1750.

could not read and write.

Krausses, and other old schools in

schools were foreigners,

Those

at the churches

—

Schule.' " What

commenced

to

'

do harm to the early schools war or previous to

in the time of the Revolutionary

that time was, that left their services

some of those principal teachers and commenced

as school-teachers

and less qualified men were taken as teachand the schools lost greatly thereby. Teachers becoming scarce, which continued for a considerable to preach, ers,

time, until the education of the children was consid-

ered a secondary thing, in consequence neglected. " At this period almost any person that came along

and made some pretensions to education was employed as teacher. This often brought into the school-room persons entirely unfit, morally and mentally, for the position. Nearly all the old schools were noted for the severity in discipline. Some of the teachers were not only severe but cruel in their punishments. " Up to 1800 the German language was taught al-

most exclusively. From 1800 to 1820 the English language was gradually, but at first very slowly, introduced in the schools. In these schools it was taught in connection with the German." Previous to the year 1844, or previous to the adoption of the

common-school system in Upper Milford, more than fifteen schood districts in Upper Milford. Several of them became prominent, as a rule the church schools ("Gemein Schulen"),such as

there were

:

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. Hosensack,

Swamp

Church, Dillingersville, and the

Mennonite Church schools, and others. The names of these schools were, as nearly

as can

be

ascertained, as follows

Swamp

1.

Church, established between 1725 and

1730. 2.

Hosensack, established

3.

Dillingersville, established in 1734 or 1785.

1734 or 1735.

in

4. Mennonite Church, established between 1735 and 1740. 5.

Zionsville, established prior to 1760.

6. 7.

Berkenstock's, established prior to 1775. Schwartz's, established prior to 1790.

8.

Berg, or Hill (later

St. Peter's), established in

1805.

Brunner's

9.

(first

Bildhaus'), established prior to

1800. 10.

11. Kern's, established

;

re-established

;

re-established 1820.

12. Krauss', established in 1842.

Weber's, established in 1790.

14. Kriebel's, established

previous to 1800.

15. Ortt's, established previous to 1820. 16. Steininger's, or 17.

Joseph Convoer was employed four months and a half, at sixteen dollars, as teacher. This was the last school John Dubs and Philip Mumbauer had at this place. been trustees. The old Hosensack school was established very early. It has been reported that there was a school established in the Hosensack Valley as early as 1735 by the Schwenkfelders, but we have no record of it. No doubt there were schools taught prior to 1740 in

some private houses. The first school in this valley of which we have any record was established by the Schwenkfelder denomination, and was under the conby said denomination. was established in the private house of Christopher Krausz, or Krauss, in the year 1765 (on the same premises on which the trol of three trustees elected

A

"

Gemein

Schule'' (church school)

Lower Milford is situThe record says, "April 22, 1765.— An agreement was made with Charles Guss to serve as school-

present Carl's school-house in

Chestnut Hill, established

1820.

13.

Euch's.

Lynn's.

(See Schwartz's.)

(See Schwartz's.)

Of the above-named districts, No. 2 was on the line between Montgomery County and Lehigh, and did not entirely belong to Lehigh County or Upper Milford. Nos. 4, 8, and 16 had been discontinued previous to the adoption of the common-school laws, and but very little is known of their history. No. 10 was established very early, and kept for a number of years, and then discontinued until the year 1820, when it was reopened. School No. 17 (Euch's) was kept only for three years in the private rooms of John Euch by Michael H. Albright, and was established

ated).

teacher for us at the private house of Christopher Krausz for the term of four years for a salary of thirty-

pounds and eight bushels of grain; besides, a free for, one cow, and fuel per annum. Schooltocommenceatsaid Christopher Krauss' house on May 22, 1765." On Dec. 12, 1768, there was another agreement made with the same Charles Guss to teach a second term of four years at the same place. The salary was the same, except instead of eight bushels of grain twelve bushels was delivered (whether five

dwelling, garden, feed

wheat, rye, or corn the record does not say). Christopher Guss was no doubt a good and a suitable teacher. It was reported that in this school by Christopher

Guss and others the Latin and Greek languages were taught, besides the usual branches.

George Yeakel's private house

And

for

twenty-two was em-

also in the year 1778 Vollert

sub-districts Nos. 3 (Dillingersville), 5 (Zions-

pounds.

ville),

(Krauss'), 14 (Kriebel's),

7 (Schwartz's), 9 (Brunner's), 11 (Kern's), 12 and 15 (Ortt's) had all been

place for the same salary.

prominent old school districts, and were all adopted by the board of directors of the common schools in 1844, and made permanent sub school districts of

teachers

ployed for a second term (half a year) at the same

The

school was taught by the

following years

named

:

1780, Eev.

George Kreibil, a term of

pounds, in George Yeakel's house; 1781, Eev. George Kreibel, four mouths, for twelve pounds 1781, George Martin, one month, for 1782, three pounds, in Christopher Krauss' house five

months

for fifteen

;

;

and 1786, Eev. George Kreibel, a term of four months each year, at three pounds per month, in George Yeakel's house. In 1790 a special house for school and church purposes was built on the premises of George Yeakel, in which school was continued by several teachers, among whom were G. Carl Stock, Christopher Yeakel, John Schultz, Isaac Sohultz, John Krauss, and others. This school was discontinued in 1840. Chestnut Hill school was located on Chestnut Hill, on the spot where the present Chestnut Hill Union 1783,

them.

The Great Swamp Church

school was no doubt the

It was situated at the Great Swamp Church, and was established between 1725-30 by the Great Swamp Eeformed congregation as a Gemein Schule (church school), and was conducted by the trustees of the church, and kept for a period of over one hundred and fifteen years. In

school in Lehigh County.

the common-school law was adopted by Upper Milford, the school board adopted this district for one year and paid twelve dollars and fifty cents rent for the school-house; and 1844,

1772-77,

Vollert was employed as teacher, to teach half a year

The

Upper Milford. Previous to that year (1844) the school-houses did not belong to the township, but were owned by the communities that had erected

From

a period of five years, the records do not say anything about schools in this valley; but in the year 1777 Jost in

in 1842.

first

379

when

the inhabitants of

,

Church, in Lower Milford,

is

situated.

This school

a

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

380

was under the control of the Eeformed Church, and was estahlished very early, and continued for years, and then closed for a long time. In 1820 there was built from the material of the old church a new school-house on the same premises, and school was re-established and continued for twenty-four years, under Philip Mumbauer, John Oberholtzer, Elias Schaffer, and other teachers.

Bast, and George dreas Lap, Jacob Oberholtzer, This school was discontinued previous to

Gehman.

the adoption of the common-school law, as the locawas too inconvenient.

tion of the school-house

Dillingersville school-house

The

is

situated about

one-quarter of a mile southwest of the village of Dillingersville, in Lower Milford, on the public road leading from Dillingersville to the village of HosenThe tract on which it is located contains two

In 1844 the, school board of common schools of Upper Milford adopted this school-house, but for only

sack.

Mr. Zacharias Wagner was employed to teach the school four and a half months, at sixteen This school was since discontindollars per month. ued, as the location was considered not a convenient

According to the Milford Lutheran congregation. history of the congregation, a so-called " Gemein Schule'' was combined with the old congregation and

one year.

one.

Weber's, or Miller's, school-house was situated in Upper Milford (now Lower

the northeastern part of

early history of this school-house the writer

all. In 1844 it was an and ruined school-house, and was no doubt at that time at least fifty years old. It was erected by the inhabitants of that neighborhood, without any is

not able to give anything at

old

doubt, previous to the year 1790.

The school board of Upper

Milford, in 1844, adopt-

ed this school-house as a sub-district, but for only

employed Willoughby Artman as teacher for four and a half months, at sixteen dollars per month, and this was the last school kept in this building. The last trustees who had control over this school-house were Jacob Weber and Jacob Miller. A Mennonite school was held in the old Mennonite Church in Upper Milford, near the present village of Zionsville. This school was established as a church school previous to the year 1740, and continued for many years, but was discontinued previous to the adoption of the common-school systeni. It was under one

and

term, and

is

a part of the premises of the old

Upper

kept in the old log house, erected as early as 1734 or 1785, in which the congregation held their religious meetings. The house was always called "DasOber Milforter Schulhaus" (the Upper Milford schoolhouse),

Milford) township.

Of the

acres,

since

it

and has been in constant use every winter was built. School was taught exclusively in

German language.

Beading, writing, arithmetic, were the only branches which were taught. After the discontinuance of the above-mentioned congregation in 1791, the school-house was In the year exclusively used for school purposes. 1799 a meeting was held in the old school-house and which was rules were adopted to make the property from its commencement exclusively Lutheran union property for the use of the Lutheran, Reformed, Mennonite, and Schwenkfelders' denominations. In the same year a new stone school-house was erected, combined with a dwelling-house, and with the timber of the old log house a barn was erected. In 1845 a new Swiss stone barn was built, in 1848 a new school-house, and in 1850 a new dwelling-house. In 1845 the present school system was adopted by the

and

religion

—

—

the inhabitants of

Upper

Until that year

Milford.

school-teachers were paid partly

control of the trustees of the church or congrega-

by the rent which was obtained from the dwelling-house and partly by

tion.

the parents.

Berkenstock's school was situated in

(now Lower Milford), on the

Upper Milford premises of John Berk-

enstock, on a public road near the present village of

Limeport.

has been reported that this school was John Berkenstock, elder, in time of the Eevolutionary war, and was sustained by his It

established by

neighbors.

A

log school-house was erected, in

which

school was kept for a period of nearly seventy years. In 1844 the common-school board of Upper Milford

adopted this school-house, but for only one year. Henry B. Schleiffer was apjiointed teacher, for four and a half months, at sixteen dollars per month. The Berg (or Hill) school (later St. Peter's Church school)

is

situated on the

same premises

as the St.

Peter's Union Church. The land was purchased by the neighbors from Jacob Bortz about the year 1805, for the use of a burial-ground, and no doubt this

school-house was erected on the place soon afterwards. It is a stone building, and very small. Of the earliest teachers, only a few are mentioned

:

An-

In 1867, in the Court of

of Lehigh County, a society by the

Common

Pleas of " Union

name

School and Church Association" was incorporated. In 1870 a petition was taken to the State Legislature and an act was passed authorizing the corporation to sell the real property, which was done April 1, 1871. Twenty-seven acres and ninety-seven perches were sold at public sale to John V. B. Bitting, at four thousand and fifty dollars. The school-house, with two acres of land besides the graveyard, was

The money was put at annual net receipts, including rents, about two hundred and fifty dollars. reserved.

The amount to

interest. etc.,

The act provides that in no event shall a less sum than one hundred dollars be appropriated in each year for school purposes, exclusive of repairing and rebuilding.

(during the

This sum is to be expended summer months), " other and

to that provided for

for school

additional

by the common schools."

This,

with what the township provides, gives the subdistrict an annual school term of eight or nine

:

:

UPPER AND LOWEK MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. months, the school-house being rented to the public school board at fifteen dollars per annum.

The extent

of the sub-school district

is,

according

purpose of levying a school-tax according to

for the

law, and the

and

tauts

381

first

school tax so levied on the inhabi-

owners in Upper Milford was

real estate

to the charter of incorporation, a circle with a radius

!i;426.60.

of one and a half miles from the school-house. Of the teachers who taught school in the earliest

Several other meetings were held during the summer of 1844 by the directors and the trustees of the respec-

years at this place only few are known, such as John Jacob Loeser, John Friederich Vigera, John Bal-

tive school districts of

(In one of the records

Upper Milford, at which buildmade between the

ing contracts and agreements were

that Goetz died in the school-house, and was buried

board of directors and the trustees of the several school-houses for the use of the same for at least one

on Easter Monday, 1759.)

term.

thasar Goetz.

we

Of

it

is

stated

the later school-teach-

some mentioned, such as John Golconci, Jacob Oberholtzer, Philip Mumbauer, and Samuel Kreibel. After the adoption of the common-school law

ers

there

find

(1844), until its incorporation as a sub-district (1867),

It

was

tricts, to

lish

also resolved to establish five

new

build four

school-houses,

one school, to be established in the private rooms

Thirteen old sub-districts were accepted from their and agreements

respective trustees by the directors,

Schantz, Solomon Schantz, David Oberholtzer, Charles

were made with contractors

And

since

the district was formed by incorporation as a sub-dis-

1.

At

was taught by several teachers, among them E. S. Bitting, Benoville X. Schell, Milton H. Mill, Henry Schiflfert, but the usual teacher has been John N.

contractor, at $286.00.

Bitting.

contractor, at $162.25.

This

is

without doubt the oldest school in Lehigh It was established in 1735, and has never

The summer

2.

At Henry Koch's, At George

3.

schools are controlled by a board of

members of the association on the first Saturday of March each year for a term of three years. The present board is composed Henry S. StautFer, of Lewis S. Boeder, one year two years; and P. W. Flores, three years. Common Schools before Division.—The commonthree trustees, elected by the

school-

4.

At George

built

by William

Klein's, built

Carl's, built

as

Staufier, as

by Nathan Stahl, as

by Nathan Gery, as con-

tractor, at $181.00.

There were

since been discontinued.

new

by George Neumoyer,

Miller's Mill, built

contractor, at $228.00.

County.

to build four

houses, as follows, viz.

only for school during summer season), school

trict (but

sub-disto estab-

of Daniel Schantz.

school was taught here by Joshua Stabler, Aaron F. Schantz, William Eberhard, and others.

new and

also eighteen

schools established in

Upper Milford by the school board for and teachers were employed as follows,

the

first

year,

viz.

1.

Dillingersville school.

2.

Zionsville school.

Joshua Stabler, teacher. Jacob F. Keil, teacher.

3.

Schwartz's school.

Edward F. Reinhard, teacher.

4.

Brunner's school.

Solomon Fehr,

5.

Ortt's school.

school law of Pennsylvania was passed in the year 1834, and was accepted by the majority of the voters

6.

Kern's school.

7.

Kriebel's school.

annual township election,

8.

Krauss' school.

held at the public-house of Solomon Kemmerer, on Friday, March 17, 1843. One year afterward, on the

9.

Swamp Church school. Joseph Convoer, teacher.

;

of

Upper Milford

at the

10.

Chestnut

15th day of March, 1844, at the annual township election, the first school board of Upper Milford, six

teacher.

William Hittel and Daniel Stabler, for one year Willoughby Gabel and Saul Wieder, for two years David Kern and Anthony

teacher.

directors,

was

elected, as follows

:

;

;

Krauss, for three years. Pursuant to previous notice given among the abovenamed directors, they met on the 3d day of April,

11.

John

Berkenstock

Schell, teacher.

Charles M. Meekly, teacher.

John

Hill

J.

school.

school.

Thomas, teacher. Wagner,

Zacharias

Henry

B.

Schleiflfer,

12. Jacob Weber's (or Miller's) school. Willoughby Artman, teacher. 13. Euch's school (private rooms). M. H. Albright,

teacher. 14.

Daniel

Schantz's

1844, at the public-house of Henry Dillinger, in Dillingersville, in said town.ship, in order to organize and

Rhoads, teacher.

choose their officers according to law. It was agreed that the officers be chosen by ballot,

teacher.

appeared that the

teacher.

George Blank, teacher.

15. Miller's Mill

16.

Koch's

rooms).

(private

Owen

(new school-house). AlbertBogen,

(new

John

school-house).

Walter,

and after counting the votes lowing-named persons had the highest number of envotes, and were therefore elected as such for the Wilpresident Gabel, suing year, viz. Willoughby

teacher.

liam Hittel, secretary; Anthony Krauss, treasurer. On May 6, 1844, another meeting was held by the

teacher.

Kemmerer, directors at the public-house of Solomon

teachers for four and a half months, of twenty-four

it

:

fol-

;

17. Klein's

(new school-house).

Levi H. Thomp-

(new school-house).

Samuel Kriebel,

son, teacher. 18. Carl's

Agreements were made

with

the

above-named

:

:

:

;; .; ;

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

382

Number of

days each, at an average salary of $16.08 per month schools to be opened on the

Monday

first

of

Novem-

teachers Average salary per month Whole number of male scholars Whole number of female scholars Whole number learning German Average number of scholars in each school Cost of each scholar per month

ber (1844).

The first report of the directors of the district of Upper Milford for the year ending the first Monday was as

in June, 1845,

follows, viz.

Amount

Whole number of schools Average number of months tnught

i]/2

of male teachers (no females)

Average

salaries per

Number Number Number

of male scholars of female scholars

38;^

learning German

4U7

Average number of scholars

each school Cost of teaching each scholar per mouth

Cost of instruction....: Cost of fuel and contingencies Cost of school-house purchasing, building, renting, repairing, etc

Rent was paid

" .John Dubs, for

for school-room school-house....

Swamp Church

" Samuel StaufFer, for Krauss' school-house " David Kern, for Kern's school-house

stituted

follows

as

1059.52

$10.00 12.50 15.00 10.00

1845-46 was conWilloughby Gabel and Saul

;

urer.

During the summer of 1845 four new sub-school were established and five new school-houses erected, agreements for which were made as follows, districts

new

in the Ortt's (old district), to build a

1,

was given to William Johnson's (new district), con-

school-house, the

contract

Weidner

2,

at $250;

John Schaffer aud Enos Nace at $271 Samuel Derr at $288 4, Eberhard's (new district), contract to Nathan Gery at $265 5, Dubs' (new district), contract to David Hill at $209. to

tract 3,

Dietz's (new district), contract to ;

;

The

following six districts were discontinued,

1,

Swamp Church;

4,

Weber's

2,

Chestnut Hill;

(or Miller's)

5,

;

3,

viz.

Berkenstocks

John Ruch's and 6, Daniel ;

Schantz's, leaving sixteen sub-districts for the next for which the following persons were employed as teachers 1, Dillingersville, Joshua Stabler 2, Zionsville, Thomas L. Worthington 3, Schwartz, Edward F. Reinhard 4, Brunner's, Solomon Fehr 5, Ortt's, John Schell; 6, Kern, John F. Klein 7, Kriebel's, John Wieder; 8, Krauss', Joshua K. Yeakel; 9, Dubs', Philip Mumbouer; 10, Carl's, Samuel Kriebel 11, Dietz, John J. Thomas 12, Eberhard's, Joseph Conover 13, Johnson's, Willoughby Horlacher 14, Klein's, Aaron S. Wagner 15, Miller's Mill, Albert Bogen; 16, Koch, Henry B. The term was four months, at an average Schleiffer.

school term

;

:

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

salary of $17,061.

The

report for the year ending the

June, 1846, was as follows

first

years),

and Joshua Stabler (two

This year no alterations were made in the sub-districts, with the exception of purchasing the school-house in Kern's, and one in Krauss's district, each at two hundred and fifty-three dollars. Sixteen teachers were employed to teach the different schools at seventeen dollars per month, for a term of four months, to commence on the first Monday in

Wieder, one year; David Kern and Anthony Krauss, two years Charles Foster and Samuel Stauffer, three Willoughby Gabel was re-elected president, years. Charles Foster secretary, and Anthony Krauss treas-

viz.:

Yeakel (three

S.

for the year :

balance

years), secretary.

S47.50

The school board

;

thony Krauss (one year), treasurer; Charles Foster (two years), and Samuel Stauflfer (two years), Daniel

$429,60 6857.26 403.76 1301.75 334.18}2

for school-houses as follows, viz.

To M. H. Albright,

$297.58

For the year 1846-47, the school board stood as folDavid Kern (one year), president; An-

SO-SS^ "..

of tax levied Received from State appropriation Received from the collector of school tax

etc.,

lows, viz.:

5:i',\^

Amount

received from State appropriation,

hand, $3445.34.

in

584

in

;

building and repairing, $1402.44; rent, 815; fuel,

18 S16.08

month

of tax levied, $733.11

57J.^

50.32

8343; tax received from collector, 8659.94; cost of instruction, 81091.35;

18

Number

16 4 16 $17.06J4 545 309 374

schools

Average number of months taught

Number of male

Monday

of

November, 1846. For the year 1847-48, the school-board was Samuel Slauflfer (one year), president; and Charles Foster (one year), treasurer; Joshua Stabler, secretary; and Daniel S. Yeakel, each two years Lewis M. Engelman and Charles Burkhalter, each three years. The board employed sixteen teachers for four months, at eighteen dollars per month. The male scholars num;

bered 512 female, 361 total, 873 learning English, 537; learning German, 336. Cost of instruction, Sllo2; ;

;

cost of each scholar per

;

month,

.s33i

;

tax levied,

$847.

For the year 1848^9, the directors were Henry (president), three years; Joshua Stabler (secretary), one year; Daniel S. Yeakel, one year; and David Gehman, three years Lewis M. Engelman and Charles Burkhalter, each two years. Sixteen schoolteachers employed at eighteen dollars per month, for

Mohr

;

a term of five months.

For the year 1849-50, the school board was John Miller (elected in place of Lewis Engelman, who moved out of the district), one year; and Charles Burkhalter, one year; David Gehman, and Henry

Mohr

(president), e;ich

(treasurer),

two years; Charles Foster and Joshua Stabler (secretary), each three

years.

The school board for 1850-51 consisted of Henry Mohr (president) and David Gehman, each one year; Joshua Stabler (secretary) and Charles Foster (treaseach two years John Miller and Henry Jordan,

urer),

;

each three years. In the year 1850 a new sub-district was established, and a new school-house built by David Gehman, con-

two hundred and eighty-five dollars. The was called Schantz's. Seventeen teachers were employed for five months, at eighteen dollars per month. tractor, at

district

In 1851-52 the following persons constituted the

:

:

:

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. school board

:

Charles Foster (treasurer) and Joshua

Stabler (secretary), each one year John Miller (president) and Henry Jordan, each two years; Abraham ;

Pearson and Samuel StaufFer, each three years. The school board for the year 1852 consisted of

Henry Jordan and John Miller (president), each to serve one year; Abraham Pearson and Samuel StaufFer (secretary two years Charles W. Wieand and Charles ) ,

;

B. Shimer, three years

not director).

Charles Foster (treasurer, but This was the last board of directors of ;

Upper Milford, previous to its division. During the summer of 1852 one new school-house was built in Schwartz's sub-district, for which agreement was made with George Neumoyer, as contractor, at two hundred and seventy-two dollars. A new subdistrict, called Schantz's Mill, was also established, and the school-house was built by three trustees, John Ortt, Jr., William Schantz, and Daniel Klein, Jr., for

amount of §351.41. The district was now composed

the

of eighteen sub-

districts, as follows Teachers.

Districts.

John B. Poerner. Thomas Zeislove. Lewis M. Engelmau.

Brunner'8 Carl's Dietz's Dillioger's

Cbs. F. Schautz.

Tilshman Schmoyer. M, H. Albright. John Glace. Urias Engleman.

Dubs' Eberhard's Klein's

Johnson's Krauss' Kern's Koch's

Daniel W. Ehl. James Lynch. Ohs. H. Blank.

Daniel Bothenberger.

Kriebel's Ortt's

Solomon

Miller's Mill Scliantz's Mill... Sch\Nartz'8

Edwin H. Blank.

Schantz's

William T. Cramer. Thomas Lynch.

Jared Ott.

Zionsville

The

report of the schools was as follows, viz.

No. of schools No. of months' school No. of teachers (all male) Salaries per month No. of male scholars No. of female scholars

Learning German Average No. of scholars

in each school Cost of teaching each scholar per month Tax levied Received school-tax Cost of instruction Fuel and contingencies Building, renting, etc Received State appropriation Balance in hands of treasurer

On

Schiffert.

George William Brinker.

Dec.

6,

1852, the

district

18 4^ 18 $18.00 533 401 285 51| 80.34§ S1200.00 1211.68 1488.00 227.44 685.00 325.00 2324.50^

was separated into

Milford, a line being run through the middle of the district, from northeast to southEach of the separate districts contained nine west.

Upper and Lower

sub-districts.

The

following amounts were paid for the educaUpper Milford (before

tion of the poor children of division)

:

1828 1830 1833 1834 1836

«5.63 25.66 41.09 46.39 108.80

;

^

1836 1837 1838 1839

f64.86 112.U4 148.12 211.47

I

(before division) drew the following appropriations from the State for the public schools

Upper Milford

1844

382

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

384

Schwartz's sub-district school (No. 1)

is

situated

on the northern part of Upper Milford. The present school-house is situated on the public road leading from Emaus to Shimersville, and about one and one-

Brinker, for a term of four and a half months, at

has been taught by Samuel C. Lee, Francis Schwartz,

and John R. Sturm. In the year 1880 the old school-house was sold by Henry Schelly for one hun-

eighth miles southwest from Emaus.

In this sub-distriot there was a school established about the year 1800, in an old distillery building on the premises of Christian Steininger (or later Lynn), and kept there for several years.

About the year 1812 there was an-

other school established, and a school-house erected

on the premises of Peter Schwartz. (This old schoolhouse is still on the premises of Francis Schwartz, and is situated about one-quarter of a mile southwest from the present school-house, but it is in ruins. The teachers who had employment there were David Baszler, Gerhard, Jonathan Dorward, Charles Miller, )

J. Adam Schneiter, Philip Mumbauer, W. Wieand, Charles Mohr, John Berndt, John

the board of directors to

dred and forty-nine dollars and the same year a large two-story stone school-house was erected on the ;

above Vera Cruz. In this school-house a primary and a secondary school were established. This school has been taught by John R. Sturm (primary), and J. J. Hauser (secondary), and W. F. Bitting (secondary) since 1883, and Miss Rosie L. Downly (primary) since 1883. The teachers are emhill

ployed for five months, at thirty-two dollars

In the year 1844 the common-school board of Upper Milford made application to the trustees of this old school-house William Shantz and Philip

Fingado.

—

—

Dany- for the use of the school-house. The school board employed as teacher in this sub-district Edward Reinhard, for a term of four and a half months, at sixteen dollars per month. The first report of this school was whole number of scholars, seventy-three (forty males and thirty-three females), of which thirtythree studied German. The school board used this old :

school-house for the use of the eight years,

until 18.53, during

common

schools for

which time school

was taught by the following teachers (from 1844-52), Edward Reinhard (1844^46), John Finkada (1846-47), Josiah W. Stauffer (1847-48), Edward H. M. Sell (1848-49) William Behm (fifty-five days), George Fetter (twenty-four days), and James I. Tool (fortyone days (1849-50), Chs. Blank (1850-52), and Jared Ott (1852-53). In the year 1853 there was a new school-house erected by the board George Neumoyer, contractor for two hundred and eighty-five

—

—

per

month.

The school-house

Henry Fusz, Chs.

Since then the school

eighteen dollars per month.

3)

is

in Brunner'.s

School District (No.

situated on the public road leading from

Vera

Saucon, about half a mile northeast from Vera Cruz Station, in Upper Milford. This school was originally called Bildhaus school-house, and

Cruz

to

was established about the year 1818 by Jacob Bildand Jacob Oberholtzer, a professional, was the first teacher. A few years afterwards a new school-house was erected in the neighborhood, and on the premises of William Brunner, in which school was continued by several teachers until haus, in his private rooms,

1844.

In this year (May 31, 1844) the school-house

—

was offered by two of the trustees Abraham Mill and Thomas Reinbold to the school board of Upper Milford for their use, and was accepted. In the year 1866 there was erected a new stone school-house, at a cost of nine hundred and eighty dollars and seventy cents. The first teacher employed by the commonschool board was Solomon Fehr, for two terms, four and a half months each, at sixteen dollars per month. The whole number of scholars in 1844 was forty-six (twenty-nine male and seventeen female), of whom twenty were studying German and in 1845^6 fifty-

—

;

This house was erected about one-quarter of a mile northeast from the old building. David Klein, Peter Henninger, and David Schaffer were trustees. dollars.

Since the erection of the new school-house school has been taught by the following gentlemen, viz. Solo:

mon

George M. Kunkel, Wilson Hartzell, M. H. Lehman, and C. H. Jordan, the present teacher. The present school term is five months, at thirty- two dollars per month. J. Daubert,

Schantz's Mill school (No. 2) is situated on the public road leading from Vera Cruz to Emaus, in

Upper

Milford, about one-fourth of a mile northwest from Vera Cruz. This district was established

by the board of directors of common schools of Upper Milford (before division). It was formed from parts of Ortt'a, Brunner's, and Schwartz's Districts. A school-house was built the same year by the trustees, at a cost of three hundred and fifty-one dollars and forty-one cents. The first teacher employed at this school-house was George William in the year 1852

seven scholars (thirty-six male and twenty-one female), of whom twenty-five studied German. The teachers employed at this school- house were L. M. Engelman, Uriah Brunner, William Behm, Edward Bitting, John. B. Poener, William H. Welder, C. H. Foster, M. W. Staufier, Paul Wald, Addison Bernhard, M. Schneiter, J. N. Bitting, E. S. Bitting, W. F. Bitting, 0. W. Buskirk, and J. J. Hauser, the present

The last board of trustees in 1853 was Peter Brunner, Peter Stout, and Solomon Bachman. teacher.

Ortt's school (in District No. 4) is situated on the public road leading from Zionsville to Coopersburg, and

about one mile southeast from Vera Cruz.

This school was established, and the first log school-house erected, about the year 1820, by the people of the district, on the premises of John Ortt. The first teacher in this district was Philip Mumbauer, a professional teacher in the German as well as in the English language. John

Hemert

also taught in this school-house in 1820. In the years 1822-25, James Tagert taught school

—

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. He is reported a successful English teacher. lu the years 1842 and 1844 school was taught by James Ortt. In the year 1844 this school-house and district were accepted by the board

in this school-house.

of the

common

schools of

Upper Milford

and they employed

district,

for the

who taught the last school in the old In the year 1845 a new school-house was erected by the board, about one-eighth of a mile

Blank

as teacher,

school-house.

on the premises of Jacob Schantz. William Weidner was contractor. In this house school was kept by John Schell, Joshua Stabler, John M. Engelman, Charles F. Schantz, Solomon Schiffert, Charles H. Reinbold, J. G. Freed, A. H. Federolf, A. B. Keck, Daniel Klein, Joseph L. Romig, Clinton T. Engelman, Charles B. Horlacher, C. Z. Bassler, Charles Bitting, Oswin Erdman, Moses G. Weber, and William Weiss, etc., until 1872. In that year the third school-house was erected in this a stone building which cost district by the board, over one thousand dollars. In this new school-house

farther west,

—

the following teachers taught:

W.

D. Bechtel, C.

W.

and A. H. Pearson (present In 1845 the whole number of scholars was teacher). forty-one male and twenty-four female, sixty-five, In of whom thirty-seven were learning German. 1853 the whole number of scholars was fifty-three, thirty-two male and twenty-one female. From 1820 until 1853 this school-house and district was conThe last board of trustees, trolled by three trustees. in 1853, was Daniel Mohr, David Musselman, and Berndt,

F. Bitting,

—

—

George Walter. Zionsville school (No. 5) Zionsville.

1760 as a "

It

is

situated in the village of

was established previous

Gemein Schule" (church

to the year

school),

and no

doubt as a union school of both churches (the Reformed and Lutheran congregations), and was continued as a church school for many years, under control of the trustees of both churches. In the year 1844 the school-house was offered by the trustees— Jacob Hillegas, John Wieder, and Jacob

Schneider— to the board of directors, and was accepted, and Jacob F. Keil was employed to teach the school. He reported the whole number of scholars to be sixtythree (forty male and twenty-three female), of whom twenty-three learned German. In the year 1874 the half school board purchased from Charles W. Wieand a which on dollars, hundred for one ground of an acre erected, large stone school-house with a steeple was The old at a cost of over twelve hundred dollars. school-house was sold by the trustees of the churches at public sale to

the

highest bidder, and within

taken away. The names have taught school at this place

thirty days thereafter was

of the teachers who since 1844 are as follows, viz.

:

Thomas

L. Worthing-

Aaron S. Wagner, Adam Snyder, Silas Christman, WieJohn G. Glace, Thomas R. Lynch, Charles W. Diller, R. J. Johnson, B. K. Stauflfer, W. and, M. W. Laurentius Weaver, J. W. Sall'ie Wieand, E. Strunk, ton,

25

W.

Snyder, and J. D.

Bassler,

S.

George

W.

Boeder, Leon

Kneller (present teacher).

the present year the teacher's salary

is

For

thirty-two

month for five months. The "Powder," or Schubert's, school-house (No.

dollars per

as a sub-

same year George

George

StaufTer,

385

is

6)

situated in the Powder, or Indian, Valley, on the

public road leading from the Hereford and Shimersville turnpike to the Hosensack Valley, and about a quarter of a mile northwest from the village of Powder Valley. This school sub-district was established in the year 1855, and was formed from parts of the Kriebel's and Zionsville sub-districts. A school-house

same year by William Weidner, as conhundred and fifty dollars, and the first teacher was employed at the same time for the term of four and a half months, at twenty dollars per month. The names of the teachers who have taught here are as

was

built the

tractor, for four

follows

:

S. L.

Butterwick

(first

teacher), Fr. Scharter,

Christian Schultz, J. B. Yeakel,

M. V. Kunkel, Wil-

liam Wieand, J. Y. Moyer, H. W. Stauflfer, A. E. Stabler, W. R. Fluck, and P. K. Mayer, the present teacher. The present term is five months, at thirty-

two dollars per month.

The school-house

at Kriebel's sub-district (No. 7)

and Shimersville turnpike, and about one and three-quarter miles southwest from This school was established by the inZionsville.

is

situated on the Hereferd

habitants of the district previous to the year 1810, and at the same time a school-house was erected on the premises of Christian

Mensch

(later those of

Ben-

jamin Kriebel), near the grist-mill at present owned by Charles W. Wieand, Esq., in the Perkiomen ValIn this house school was taught over thirty-five ley. years previous to the acceptance of the common-school law (1844), by Benjamin Kriebel, Jacob Oberholtzer, Samuel Kriebel, Adam Schweiter, and others. The school was always controlled by a board of trustees. In the year 1844 this school-house was offered to the board of directors of the common schools of Upper Milford, and' was accepted, and Charles Meekly was employed to teach the school for one term of four and a half months, at sixteen dollars per month. He reported seventy-five scholars (forty-seven male and twenty-eight female), of whom forty learned German. The trustees of this school-house, with whom the

agreement was made, were Jacob Rothenberger and William Weidner. Since 1845 this school has been taught by John Weider, Albert Bogen, Samuel Kriebel, M. W. Stauflfer, Charles Snyder, and David B. Rothenberger. In 1853 the district of Upper Milford was divided, and Kriebel's sub-district was included in the present Upper Milford. Since 1853 the school has been taught by the following teachers Jacob Schneider, A. M. Stauflfer, Albert M. Sigmund, Charles H. Buchecker, Martin K. Laudenschlaeger, :

Y. Moyer, George W. Boeder, W. H. Leopold, and Y. Bortz, the present teacher. The present term is five months, at thirty-two dollars per month. In the year 1882 the board of directors purchased J.

S.

.

:

HISTOEY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

386

from Benjamin Yoder about one-half acre of ground for one hundred and ten dollars, on which the present school-house was erected, at a cost of $996.01. Koch's school (No. 8) is situated in Upper Milford, on the public road leading from Shimersville to Sieszholtzville, about two miles west from Shimersville. This

district

was established by the school directors

in the first year of the

ford

(1844).

common

schools in

Upper Mil-

The same year a school-house was

William

Bachman, the present

S.

present term

is five

The

teacher.

months, at thirty-two dollars per

month. Miller's Mill school (No. 10) is situated on the public road leading from the Shimersville and Macungie turnpike to Emaus, and in a straight line

about one and one-quarter miles northwest from ShiThis sub-district was established in the year 1844, in the neighborhood of Miller's Mill, by mersville.

common

schools of

Upper Mil-

erected by William StaufFer, contractor, lor two hun-

the directors of the

dred and thirty-six dollars. John Walter was employed to teach the school the first term, for four and one-half months, at sixteen dollars per month. The

and the same year a school-house was built by George Neumoyer, as contractor, for two hundred and twenty-eight dollars. The first teacher employed at this place was Albert Bogen, for four and one-half months, at sixteen dollars per month. The school had sixty-two scholars (thirty -three male and twentynine female), of whom thirty-three learned German. The following teachers have taught here since Bogen Joseph Needier, Samuel Kriebel, Thomas J. Lynch, Aaron S. Wagner, Edwin H. Blank (1853), George W. Hartzel, Levi Miess, J. A. Wimmer, M. R. Shaffer, A. S. Jordan, H. Hinkel, A. Bernhard, Martin Diffenderfer, 0. D. Butterwick, and J. R. Sturm (present

first

report of this school showed fifty-five scholars

(thirty-six

male and

eighteen

female),

the teachers

who taught

of

whom

The names

twenty-eight were learning German.

of

school at this place since

Walter are Henry B.

Schleiifer,

Schell, Albert Bogen,

Adam

Samuel Kriebel, John

Schneider, Chs. H. Blank

(until 1853).

In 1853 the district of Upper Milford was divided Upper and Lower Milford, since which time the school has been taught by the following teachers, viz. Thomas K. Zeislove, Uriah Burkert, J. J. Brunner, B. X. Schell, M. W. Stauffer, M. Neumoyer, O. F. Gery, M. H. Brensinger, and others. In the year 1868 there into

was a large stone school-house erected in Koch's subdistrict, at a cost of over one thousand dollars. The present teacher at this school-house

is

M. H. Bren-

ford,

teacher).

The present term lars per

month.

is five

months, at thirty-two dol-

In the year 1873 there was erected

in this district a large stone school-house, at a cost of about twelve hundred dollars. The school-house in the new sub-district (Geisen-

No. 11)

situated near Zionsville Station.

singer.

ger's,

Kern's school (No. 9) is situated in Upper Milford, about one-quarter of a mile northeast from Shimersville, on the public road leading from Shimersville to

The

Emaus. This school district was, no doubt, established by the people of that neighborhood previous to the year 1820, and the school-house, no doubt, erected the same year. In this house school was taught until about the year 1843, in which year a new school-house was erected. In the year 1844, May 31st, this new school-house was oifered by the trustees 'to the board of directors for their use, and the board accepted the offer, and agreed to pay ten dollars rent for one term. The first teacher employed by the directors to teach school at this place was John Schell. He reported sixty scholars (thirty-nine male and twenty-one female), of whom seventeen learned German. In the year 1846 the school-house was purchased by the directors for two hundred and fifty-three dollars. In

pecially from the Zionsville sub-district.

1865 there was a large stone school-house built at this place by the directors at a cost of about one thousand dollars.

The following persons have taught place

:

Previous to division

school at this

— John Schell, John Klein,

Amos E. Heller, A. J. Brunner, George W. Weikel, J. W. Staufier, and James Lynch. Since division — Charles H. Blank, W. W. Meekly, J. Edward

Schultz,

D. Eberhard, A. M. Schantz, Henry Longstreth, J. E. Hunsicker, M. X. Kunkel, Leon Snyder, SaniuJl 0. Lee, J. B. Kerchner, J. W. Eothenberger, and

is

sub-district

common

was established by the

schools of

Upper

directors of

Milford, in 1874, and was

formed from parts of " Orth's," " Powder," and

es-

About one-

quarter of an acre of land was purchased from Abra-

ham

Geisenger, on which the same year a large stone school-house was erected, at a cost of about twelve

hundred dollars. The first teacher in this new schoolhouse was John N. Bitting, employed in 1874, for a term of

five months, at forty dollars per month. Since his time school has been taught by H. J. Schiffert, Dan. Klein, B. X. Schell, and Morris L. Schantz,

the present teacher. Berger's (or Kemmerer's) School, No. 12, is in the most northern part of Upper Milford. The schoolhouse is situated on a public road, about one-quarter of a mile west from Emaus. This sub-district school was formed by the directors in 1876 from parts of Schwartz's and Brunuer's sub-districts.

The school-house was built the same year (a brick building, twenty-eight by thirty-two feet, with patent desks), at a cost of over twelve hundred dollars. The teachers

who taught here have been

Oliver

W.

Bus-

kirk, P. P. Nuss, J. D. L. Heister,

and Milton H.

Lehman, the present

present term

five

teacher.

The

is

months, at thirty-two dollars per month.

Hampton

(or

near the old

Sigmund)

school, No.

Hampton Furnace.

was established

in 1880,

3, is situated

This sub-district

and formed from

parts of

:

:

:

:

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. Koch's, Kriebel's, and Zionsville sub-districts. In the same year the board of directors purchased from

William Kausch one-quarter of an acre of land, on which a large stone school-house was erected at a cost of nearly one thousand dollars. The teachers here have been C. P. Heller, A. E. Heimbach, and others. The teacher for the present term is 0. F. Gery. Common Schools of Lower Milford.—At the first

Lower Milford, held Solomon Kemmerer on March

election in

follows

18, 1853, for the elec-

:

Samuel

Stauffer, three years

years.

On

Samuel Hottel, three

;

their first meeting, on the 11th of April,

they organized as follows: Aaron Dubbs, president;

William C. Eoeder, treasurer

Samuel Stauffer, secLower Milford School District was at that time composed of nine sub-districts, as follows, viz. ;

retary.

:

Dillingersville,

Krauss', Klein's, Carl's, Johnson's,

Dietz's, Dubs', Eberhard's, Schantz's,

The amount

in

tinued as follows,

9 9 9

9 9

1863.10 10 10 10 10 10

1869.10 1870. 10

first

" "

" " "

" " "

" " " " "

months, at " "

6 5 6 5 5

5 6 5 5

5 8 5 5

1.

Carl's

2.

Klein's

3.

Krauss'

4.

Schantz's

5.

Eberhard's DilUngersviUe

7.

Dietz's

8.

Engelman's

9.

Johnson's Dubs'

" " " " " " "

" "

" " "

Lower

of Engelman's sub-district.

It

by was formed

Milford,

hundred

dollars.

In the year 1870 the sub-districts were numbered,

Klein's

3.

KrausB

A. H.

4.

J. W, Stauffer. B. X. ScbelL E. S. Bitting. David Dietz.

8.

Schantz's Eberhard's DillengersviUe Johnson's Dubs'

9.

Engelman's

5.

" " " "

6. 7.

" 10 Dietz's

Ho report. No report.

in 1883 their condition

2.

Klein's

3. 6.

Krauss' Schantz's Eberhard's

was as follows

43 32 43 31 24 46 39 37 37 35

6.

Dillingersville

7.

Dubs'

8.

Dietz's

9.

Engelman's

4.

Johnson's

10.

Whole number

teachers employed for the term of 1883-84 are

The

as follows

Schell

No.

Erdman.

367

of scholars in 1883

W.

5,

:

District

No.

;

S.

3,

No.

K S. Rambo

1,

E. E. Schantz

Erney

;

No.

Calvin E. H. Davidson

;

6,

;

No.

8,

C.

No. 2, B. X. H. W. Sterner

4,

John N.

No.

;

Bitting

W.

Urffer

L. H. Jacoby No. 10, B. T. Gabel. The present school board consists of:

;

;

No. No.

7, 9,

;

Isaac S.

Boyer

;

of

Moses G.

1,

D. Dillinger, secretary; 3, Eoeder, treasurer 4, Alfred Fried 5, H. H.

Weaver, president;

2,

J.

;

6,

Erwin

;

S. Dietz.

Carl's sub-district. No. Michael N. Weidner. H. 0. Schoenly.

"

26 18 13 17 9 20 14 16

1. Carl's

and teachers employed as follows Carl's

Females.

Males. 24 23 21 23 13 28 29 20

No. of Scholars.

20 24 25 26 25 25 22 22 20 25 32 32 38 38 38 36

irom parts of Dietz's and Johnson's sub-districts. The same year there was a new school-house erected in this sub-district, on the premises of Jeremiah

1

;

820

" "

Schleiffer, at a cost of over six

;

;

;

10.

the most eastern part of

"2.

"

was 227 whole number of female, 169 total, 396 average attendance, 281 per cent., 96. In 1877 number of sub-districts was changed. In 1882 the number of pupils in each was as follows

term, four and a

In the year 1863 there was formed a new sub-dis-

" "

"

;

And

No

" " "

160; total, 391; average attendance, 235; per In 1882, whole number of male scholars cent., 63^.

viz.

9 schools, 4V^ " i)4 9 " 6 9 " 5 9

name

"

ars,

half months, at eighteen dollars per month. During the next ten years the schools were con-

trict in

5 5

"

;

6.

the

" " "

^

;

In the month of August of the same year nine teachers were employed for the

1864. 1865. 1866. 1867. 1868.

" "

5 6

"

35 36 37 38 30 30 27 25 27 30 30 32

In the year 1870 the amount of school tax levied was $1783.34 in 1875, 12210.51 in 1880, $1405.50 in 1883 it was $2934.73 and in the same year the building tax was $1173.89. The report for 1870 showed the whole number of male scholars as 231 whole number of female schol-

was $1162.25i.

1857. 1858. 1859. 1860. 1861. 1862.

10

.35

;

hand of the treasurer, being onehalf share of balance in hand of Charles Foster, treasurer of old Upper Milford District, which was paid William C. Roed, first treasurer of Lower Mil-

18.56.

"

$35 per month.

5 months, at " 6 " 5 " 5 " 5 " 5 " 6 " 6 " 6

;

;

1854. .1855.

10 schools, " 10 " 10 " 10 " 10 " 10 " 10 " 10 " 10 " 10 " 10 " 10 " 10

1870. 1871. 1872. 1873. 1874. 1875. 1870. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1883.

tion of their

ford,

387

The term was six months, at thirty-five dollars per month. During the subsequent period schools were kept as

at the public-house of

first township olBcers, the following gentlemen were elected school directors Aaron Dubbs, one year William C. Boeder, one year Daniel S. Yeakel, two years; Abraham Pearson, two years;

;;

:

Lower Milford, and

its

1,

is

in the western corner

school-house

is

situated on

the public road leading from Hosensack to Hereford (in Berks County), and about one and a quarter

.

L.S. Boeder. Clir. N. Bitting. William S. Erney.

miles (in a straight line) west from Hosensack vilThis sub-district was established in 1844 by lage. the board of directors of the common schools of

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

388

Upper Milford, and the same year a school-house was erected on contract by Nathan Gery for one hundred and eighty-one dollars. Samuel Kriebel was employed as the first teacher at sixteen dollars per month. By the division of Upper Milford this subdistrict was included in Lower Milford. In 1882 there was a new school-house erected in Karl's subdistrict at a cost of over twelve hundred dollars. The teachers at this place have been as follows Samuel Kriebel, Aaron Schantz, A. S. Wagner, Chs. Stute, Joel Kriebel, Thomas Zeislove, John J. Brunner, Michael Weidner, Milton H. Mill, John N. Bitting, and others. The present teacher is E. S. Rambo. :

The school has now forty-three The school-house of Klein's

scholars. sub-district (No. 2)

is

situated in the Hosensack Valley, on a public road,

and about half a mile southwest from the village of Hosensack. This sub-district was established by the school board in 1844 (before division). It was formed from a part of the old Hosensack District. A schoolhouse was erected the same year on the premises of John Eoeder, and near the house of George Klein. It was built by Nathan Stahl, as contractor, for $162.25.

The

first

teacher employed at this school-

house was Levi H. Thomson, for four and a half months, at sixteen dollars per month. He reported sixty scholars (forty-five males

whom

twenty-one of

Upper Milford was

and

studied German.

fifteen females),

In 1852,

when

who taught

employed as teacher, and

also taught exclusively in

English.

In the year 1844 the board of directors of Upper Milford (before division)

made application

for the use

of Krauss' school-house for the use of the

common

which was agreed to by the trustees. The first teacher employed by the directors to teach at this place was John J. Thomas, who taught four and one-half months at sixteen dollars per month. Mr. Thomas reported forty-eight scholars (thirty males and eighteen females), of whom fourteen studied German. In the year 1846 the board of directors purchased the house from John Gery, John Krauss, and Samuel Stauffer, trustees, for two hundred and fifty dollars. Since the division of the township (Dec. 6, 1852) this sub-district has been included in Lower Milford. Before that year school was taught by Joseph K. Yeakel, Samuel Stauffer, A. S. Staufier, John S. Schultz, D. W. Ehl, John J. Thomas, Henry B. Schleiffer, and others, and since division, by 0. W. Erdman, B. X. Schell, E. F. Krauss, and others. In 1874 a large stone school building was erected by the directors, which cost about twelve hundred dollars. The present teacher is B. X. Schell the numschools,

;

ber of pupils forty-three.

divided, Klein's sub-district was

included in that part which was called Lower Milford. About the year 1870 there was a new stone

three months, exclusively in the English

language, and during the months of August and September Miss Catherine Smith, of Philadelphia, was

Schantz's sub-district (No. 4) Lower Milford.

is

situated in the

southern part of

school-house erected at this place, at a cost of twelve hundred dollars. The teachers who have taught school here since 1844 are as follows, viz. Aaron

The school-house is on the public road leading from the village of Hosensack to the Swamp Church and about equal distance (one and one-quarter miles) from either place. The district was established in

Wagner, Eeuben Kriebel, David Rothrock, J. W. Stauffer, Ab. S. Stauffer, Albert Bogen, John G. Glace, Henry Schoenly, E. S. Rambo, B. X. Schell, Michael Weidner, and others. The present teacher (January,

and was formed from parts of Eberhard's and A school-house was erected the same year on the premises of John G. Schantz by David Gehman, at a cost of two hundred and

:

S.

1884)

is

Michael Weidner.

Krauss' sub-district

is

1850,

Klein's sub-districts.

eighty-five dollars.

situated in the most southern

This school-house

Lower Milford, and the school-house is in Kraussdale, on the "King's high-road," and nearly

seventeen dollars per month.

two miles southeast from the village of Hosensack. This school was established by the people of that neighborhood in the year 1842, previous to the ac-

was included

part of

ceptance of the common-school law, in 1843, and also previous to the division of Upper Milford (1858).

A

small tract of land was donated the same year by Jacob Kriebel, for school purposes. In the spring of 1842 Charles Hillcgas and Abraham Stauffer were elected as a building committee,

house was erected by the building committee, at a cost of $322.71, which was paid by subscription. In the fall of the same year the trustees employed Joseph Convoer as teacher, and he taught in English

and German

for a

spring of 1843

term of three months.

Henry

teacher,

In the B. Schleiffer was employed,

in use.

and taught the

first

as

term, for five months, at

He reported thirtythree scholars (twenty males and thirteen females). By division of Upper Milford, Schantz's sub-district in Lower Milford. Since 1850 this school has been taught by the following teachers Solomon Schantz, William T. Cramer, B. X. Schell, Jesse W. :

Hixon, A. E. Schantz, and others. The present teacher, employed in the fall of 1883, is H. W. Stauffer,

Sterner.

and George Krauss,

Anthony Krauss, and Henry Stauffer, trustees! During the summer of the same year a stone school-

is still

The same year Solomon Schantz was employed

The school-house

in Eberhard's sub-district (No. 5)

on the public road leading from Dillingersville to the Swamp Church, about three-fourths of a mile north from the latter. Eberhard's district was established in 1845, by the board of directors of the common schools, and was formed from the old Swamp Church District. The first school-house was erected by Nathan Gery, as contractor, for two hundred and is

situated

sixty-five dollars;

and the

first

teacher employed was

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS.

389

Joseph Oonvoer, for a term of four months, at seventeen dollars per month. Mr. Convoer's report for 1 845 was sixty-five scholars (forty-one males and twenty-

into

four fema,les), of

whom twenty-eight learned German. the division of the district, Eberhard's sub-district was included in Lower Milford. In 1873 the first

nearer to the centre of the district, about half a

By

mile southwest from the

school-house gave way to a new and larger stone school building, which was erected by the directors at a cost of over twelve hundred dollars. Since this sub-district was formed (1845) school has

been taught by the following teachers, viz. Joseph Convoer, J. J. Thomas, William T. Cramer, M. H. :

Albright,

John

S. Albright,

Edwin

Roberts,

Edwin

William Albright, B. X. Schell, F. P. Albright, Mrs. Sadie James, Milton H. Mill, 0. W. Urfier, and William S. Erney, the present teacher Albright,

German. In 1863, Dietz's sub-district was divided two separate sub-districts, Engelman's then being formed. The same year a new school-house was built

—

stone school-house, with patent desks, erected at a cost

The same year C. W. employed to teach in the new school-house a term of five months, at thirty-two dollars per month. of over one thousand dollars. Urffer was

He

school at present.

Lower Milford.

7) is situated near the cen-

The school-house

is

in the

Hosensack Valley on the public road leading from Limeport to Hosensack, and in a straight line one and one-eighth miles east from Dillingersville. This school was established in 1845, and the sub-district was formed from parts of the original Dillingersville, Swamp Church, and Chestnut Hill sub-districts. The same year a school-house was erected on the premises of William Dillinger by David Heil, contractor, for two hundred and nine dollars. It is still in use. The same year Philip Mumbauerwas employed as teacher He for four months at sixteen dollars per month. reported forty-four scholars (twenty-one males and

teachers :

(January, 1884) reports for the present term twenty-

Dubs' sub-district (No.

school-house and near

The following

Adam have been employed at Dietz's school, viz. Snyder, Samuel Hatel, L. M. Engelman, Joseph D. K. Eeinhard, John S. Albright, John S. Erney, David Erney, William S. Erney, Albert Erney, David Dietz, In the fall of 1883 the C. W. UrflTer, and others. second school-house gave way to a new one, a large

four scholars.

tre of

first

the house of Aaron Dietz.

scholars

reports thirty-seven

attending the

as

Engelman's sub-district (No. 9) is situated in the most eastern portion of Lower Milford, and the schoolhouse is near its centre, on a road leading from Limeport to Steinsburg. Engelman's school sub-district was established in the year 1863, and was formed from It is the parts of Dietz's and Johnson's sub-districts. only school sub-district established in Lower Milford A school-house was erected

since the division in 1852.

in 1863, on the premises of Jeremiah Schleiflfer, at

a cost of over eight hundred dollars. Since 1863 school has been taught by several teachers, among

them William Schell,

Lewis

Erney, Charles N. Bitting, B. X.

S.

Jacoby, and

teacher at this school

is

The present

others.

Lewis Jacoby, who reports

twenty-three females), of whom eighteen learned German. By the division of Upper Milford, in 1852, this sub-district was included in Lower Milford. Since the

the wholft

establishment of the school the following persons have been employed as teachers M. H. Albright, Samuel

on the public road leading from Zionsville to Coopersburg, and about three-quarters of a mile south from Limeport. This sub-district was formed by the di-

:

Weiss, J. D. Dillinger, S. S. Schiffert, Tilghman Schmoyer, Joshua D. K. Eeinhard, John D. Eber-

is

number of scholars as thirty-seven. The school-house of Johnson's sub-district (No. 10) situated in the most northern part of Lower Milford,

rectors of

common

schools of

Upper

Milford, in 1845,

Edwin Roberts,

from parts of the original (Berkenstock's and Chestnut

William Albright, Laurentius Weaver, E. Schafier, S. Erney, William M. Schwenk, William S. Erney, Albert S. Erney, C. W. UrflTer, and others. Calvin E. H. Davidson is the present teacher.

Hill) districts.' The same year (1845) a school-house was erected on the premises of James Johnson and Henry Engelman by John Schaeflfer and Enos Nace, as contractors, for two hundred and seventy-one dolBy the divilars, which school-house is still in use. sion of Upper Milford, in 1852, this sub-district was included in Lower Milford district. The first teacher employed by the directors of common schools to teach school here was Will E. Hor-

Edwin

hard, Charles Dotts,

Albright,

John

Dietz's sub-district (No. 8)

is

in the eastern part of

Lower Milford, and the school-house is situated on a public road, near its centre, and nearly two and a quarter miles south from Limeport. The sub-district was formed by the directors, in 1845, from parts of the original Weber's and Berkenstock's sub-districts (originally Engelman's sub-district was included in Dietz's, but it was separately organized in 1863). The same year (1845) a school-house was erected on the premises of Joseph Dietz by Samuel Derr, as dollars. contractor, for two hundred and eighty-eight The first teacher employed at Dietz's school was J. J.

Thomas

(for four

months, at sixteen dollars per

male month). He reported sixty scholars (forty-three and seventeen female), twenty-seven of whom learned

lacher (1845) for a term of four months, at seventeen dollars per month.

He

reported for the

first

term

forty-two scholars (nineteen male and twenty-three

female), of

whom

The names

sixteen studied German.

of the teachers

who have

taught in the

Edward Reinhard, Lewis M. Engelman, Charles H. Blank, M. H. Albright, Uria M. Engelman, John D. Eberhard, John N. Bitdistrict are as follows, viz.

ting,

E. S. Bitting,

W.

:

F. Bitting,

David Dietz, Emanuel Wieder, and

C. N. Bitting,

B. S. Gabel, pres-

;

HISTOEY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

390 ent teacher.

The present number of scholars

is

thirty-

five.

Manufacturing Industries in Upper Milford— and Saw-Mills, etc, Seibert's grist-mill is

—

Grist-

situated on Seibert's Creek,

and on the great public road leading from the King's high-road to Dorneysville and Mauch Chunk, or to Emaus and Allentown, between Emaus and Vera Cruz, a little over one mile from the latter place. The premises on which the mill is situated were first settled by Philip Thani (or Dony, or Towny), by virtue of a warrant dated Nov. 27, 1747, for thirty-eight acres and seventy-one perches and allowances. These premises were later (about 1758) purchased by Jacob Hahn, a miller, who took another tract by virtue of a warrant dated June 17, 1768, containing twenty-five acres, on which he obtained a patent on the 22d of the same month. Hahn (or Hawn) purchased on the 18th of March, 1778, from Michael Wolfgang, Jr., a third tract, containing seventy-one acres and one hundred and three perches, for two hundred and fifty pounds. This Jacob Hahn erected the first mill on the first-mentioned tract of land, between 1768 and 1778, and, no doubt, it was first a saw-mill and then a grist-mill. How long he was in possession of this mill property is not known, but no doubt it was over twenty years. It was sold to Jacob Dilgert, who was in possession of the property for nearly ten years, and sold to Peter Fink, who

Henry Seibert, of Bethlehem, who ran the mills nearly twenty-three years, and died

sold, in 1810, to

On March

and about forty by John Seibert and Peter

Schwartz, administrators of Henry Seibert, deceased, at public sale to Charles Keck, for three thousand eight

hundred and ninety-eight dollars and thirty-four cents. The saw-mill property was sold previous to that time to Daniel Lauer. Keck ran the mill five years, and sold

is

who

Upper

This

in

is

an old

erected by a

death, in 1865.

one hundred years

old,

AVetzel prior to 1800,

who kept

the same over thirty years, until his

Bitting's saw-mill was situated in Upper Milford, on the Indian Creek and on the public road leading from Shimersville to Sieszholtzville, and two and one-

mill was built here in or

about the year 1774 by Adam Koehl (or Kehl). He purchased one year previous (June 28, 1773), of Johannes Hiestandt, one acre of ground for that pur-

mill, nearly

man named John

and was kept by the Wetzels until about the year 1830 or later, and then sold to Joseph Beitler, who kept the same until the year 1835, and sold to George

situated on Indian Creek (a

first

occupied at present

ville.

Miller,

The

is

is situated on Miller's Creek, Milford, and on the public road leading

turnpike to Sieszholtzville, Berks Co., and nearly one mile southwest from the village of Zionsville (old), Milford.

mill

from "the King's high-road" to Emaus, and about one and a half miles in a straight line from Shimers-

branch of the Hosensack), and also on the public from the Shimersville and Hereford

Upper

The

Miller's grist-mill

in

road leading

in

years,

sold, in 1837, to

by Hiram Yeakel.

1883, to Jesse Stauflfer for eight thousand dollars.

Burger's grist-mill

number of

the present owner.

but for the last fifteen years his son, Ambrose Schantz, was the manager of the grist-mill. In the year 1881 the mill was sold, with a few acres of land, to William G. Moyer, son-inlaw of William Schantz, deceased, who rebuilt it, at a it,

Upper Milford.

and then sold to Andrew Benjamin Kriebel, who sold, in 1856, to Owen Weaver. He sold, in 1864, to John B. Gehman, and he, in 1866, to C. W. Wieand,

;

sold

changed to a grist-mill, and sold to John Schuler, who, about the year 1820, sold to Abraham Yeakel. The mill was destroyed by fire about 1824, and rebuilt the same year by Yeakel, who continued it for a number of years. Yeakel died Oct. 27, 1865, and his son, Levi Yeakel, purchased the property, and has run the mill ever since. This is one of the best grist-

for a

John Gross. John Gross tore down the old mill, and erected a large stone mill on the same place, and 'carried on the same for six years, and sold to William Schantz, who was in possession of the same for nearly thirty-five

and

Yeakel's grist-mill is situated in Upper Milford, on Indian Creek, and about one hundred rods above Miller's spoke-mills. This grist-mill was first built as an oil-mill by Christian Metzger previous to the year 1790, and was about the year 1810 rebuilt and

Yeakel,

to

cost of over three thousand dollars,

present year.

Wieand's grist- and saw-mill is situated on the Perkiomen, in Upper Milford, and on the pubhc road leading from the Hereford and Shimersville turnpike to Hampton Furnace, and nearly two miles southwest from Zionsville and half a mile east from Hampton Furnace. This mill was built previous to the year 1800 by Christian Mensch, and kept in operation by him

29, 1834, the grist-mill

years, until his death in 1880

;

mills in

1833.

acres of land was sold

and May 11, 1782, another tract of fifty acres of William Schatfer. Kehl built about the same year a saw-mill, which he sold Sept. 12, 1789, with all his land, to his son, Simon Kehl, at £7 ($18.66f), who sold April 17, 1809, to Jacob Truckenmiiller who sold April 8, 1811, the saw- and grist-mill, with almost twenty-three acres of land, to Daniel Fretz who sold May 5, 1813, to William Eiesser, at £1500. He sold April 1, 1815, to Friederich Nehs, who sold April 26, 1845, to Henry Burger and Samuel Beck at $6260. In 1864 the old grist-mill was torn down, and a large stone grist-mill erected, and the saw-mill was discontinued. Henry Burger purchased his partner's share, and his son, Samuel Burger, went in as a partner, and business has been continued by them to the pose,

1

quarter miles west from Shimersville. This saw-mill was erected previous to the year 1820 by Jesse Bit-

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. and was run by then abandoned. ting,

Schelly's saw-mill

The

Mm for a number of years

and

first

has operated

is

situated near Leibert's grist-

mill

In this saw-mill there was set up by Daniel Lauer, prior to 1840, a wool-carding machine, later operated by John Ortt for several it

In the year 1870, Peter Faust purchased the old erected the same year, within

Hampton Furnace, and

was built about the same time or perhaps prior to the grist-mill. It had been in possession of Jacob Dilgert, Fink, and John Leibert. After John Leibert's death the saw-mill was separated from the grist-mill, and sold in 1834 to Daniel Lauer, who kept it nearly ten years and sold to John Ortt, who operated it about five years and sold to John Schleiffer, who sold two years later to Willoughby Mohr, who erected a new and larger saw-mill in 1865, and sold the same a few years later to Henry Schelly, who mill.

391

ever since.

the buildings of the furnace, a powder-mill, which

was carried on

The

stroke.

for

nearly four years,

when

it

also

was caused by a lightning of one employ^, James Watson, was

Tlie explosion

exploded.

life

lost.

Emaus Furnace. —The Emaus Furnace

is

situated

nearly one-half of a mile southwest from the outer limit of the borough of Emaus,jand between the tracks of the East

the

Penn and the Perkiomen Railroad. In company or-

of the year 1869 there was a

fall

ganized in the borough of Emaus and vicinity, by the name of the Emaus Iron Company, of which the following were elected ofiicers: S. Gross Fry, Esq., president;

John P. McFadden,

secretary.

The same

years.

year the old Christ's farm, containing one hundred

Heimbach's oil-mill was situated on a branch of the Perkiomen Creek, and about half a mile east from the old Hampton Furnace. This oil-mill was built by Wendell Heimbach about the year 1815, and was run by him for several years, and then changed to a clovermill, and continued for a number of years, and about

thirty-five acres, was purchased from Widow Judith Wenner for twenty-two thousand dollars, and cut up into building lots, with the exception of fortythree acres, which was retained by the company as the furnace property. In 1870 and 1871, on this tract of land, there was one of the handsomest and most

the year 1840 discontinued.

Perkiomen in Upper Milford, and on the Hereford and Shimersville turnpike, about two and a half miles southwest from Zionsville, and half a mile south from Wieandt's mill. This mill was built by Andrew Yeakel for an oil-mill, and was made a clover-mill previous to the year 1825. He kept the same in operation for several years, and sold about the year 1840 to Daniel Wieand, who continued the same for several years and sold to John Mohr, who sold later to David Schneiter, the present owner, who changed it to a grist-mill. Miller's spoke-mill is situated on Indian Creek, in the Powder Valley, and on the public road leading from the Hereford and Shimersville turnpike to the Hosensack Valley. This mill was first an oil-mill, and was built by Henry Trump, about the year 1830, and run by him until 1848, after which his son, William Trump, purchased the property and continued the mill for about eight years, and sold to Michael Miller, who discontinued the oil-mill and established a grist-mill and stave-factory, which were run by himSchneiter's clover-mill

is

situated on the

Elmer Miller, until the year 1866, Samuel Miller, who changed it to a spoke-mill, which he has continued until the and by his and then sold self

son, to

present.

Powder-Mills.— A powder-mill was erected in the Powder Valley in 1829, by Henry Kemmerer, and was kept in operation by him for one year, and then sold to Henry Trump and Henry Schell, who and continued it about one year, when it exploded present

was never

rebuilt.

Henry Kemmerer

erected near the same place, in and ran it about two

1831, a second powder-mill,

were years, when it exploded and three lives negroes and one German, Lewis Reiter.

lost,

two

and

durable furnace buildings erected in East PennsylA contract was made by the company with

vania.

Wren &

Noble, of Pottsville, to build their furnace one hundred and sixty thousand dollars; but before the furnace was finished Wren & Noble became bankrupt, and the iron company was obliged to finish the work during the year 1871, at an additional cost of twenty thousand dollars, so that the whole amount of cost was nearly one hundred and eighty thousand George J. Henninger was the regularly apdollars. pointed superintendent of the iron company. After for

the

and

Iron Company had finished their furnace the necessary outbuildings, the manufacture

Emaus all

of iron was carried on for nearly three years.

company then

failed,

their assignee,

who

The

and appointed Paul Borger

as

sold the furnace property in 1874

Hematite Iron Company. This company continued the operation of the furnace for only about one year, and sold to the Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Company, which company leased the furto the

nace property to Ormrod, Fisher & Co. The average production is one thousand tons of pig iron per month, or twelve thousand tons a year. In the year 1883 a large pipe foundry was erected on the premises and near the furnace. Pipes of from four to ten inches diameter of the best quality are to be made in th foundry.

Hampton Furnace

is

situated on the Perkiomen,

and on the public road leading from the Hereford and Shimersville turnpike to Sieszholtzville, about two

and one-half miles west from Zionsville. This furnace was built in the year 1809 by David Herabach, Wisselman & Covely. Soon after Heimbach bought and conducted the furnace for twentyit on Aug. 13, 1832, with ninety acres of land, to John V. R. Hunter (Jaeger), of

his partners out,

three years, and sold

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

392 Allentown, 1834,

who continued

Hunter

it

for

May

two years.

20,

sold the furnace, with ninety acres of

land, to Daniel X. R. Hunter, of Oley, Berks Co., for

ten thousand dollars,

March

who continued

its

operation for

Daniel V. R. Hunter sold the furnace and land to John V. E. Hunter and Paul Miller at ten thousand dollars, who continued the six years.

same

31, 1838,

ahout eleven years, when they sold the furnace property at public sale to John Gross, of Allentown, who did not qupiply with the conditions, and for

the property went to -the hands of Sheriff Ihrie, of

Lehigh County. On Feb. 7, 1850, Sheriff Ihrie, of Lehigh County, sold the property at public sale to Frederick Sigmund, of Upper Milford, for three thousand five hundred and twenty-five dollars. On Oct.

Sigmund purchased another tract of sixtyone hundred and fourteen perches of land

29, 1859, F. five acres

McMannus and John V. R. Hunter. Frederick Sigmund continued the operation of the furnace for ten years, until his death, June 25, 1860, from John

which the furnace went to his sons, Henry M. and Albert M. Sigmund, who continued the same until 1867, and sold to Peter Faust, who discontinued the furnace and erected a powder-mill, which exafter

ploded three years afterward. No doubt this was the first furnace erected in Lehigh County, and David Hembach the first ironmaster.

Stabler Machine-Shop.— Anthony Stabler, son of Henry Stabler, erected in the year 1837 a machine-shop on the public road leading from Shimersville to Vera Cruz, about one-half mile from Shimersville, in which he established a threshing-machine factory. He made excellent machines, and carried on business until his death, in 1860, after which his son, Henry, continued for a few years. About the year 1862 the property was purchased by George Moyer, who still operates it

the factory.

Organ-Builders.

— John and Andrew Krauss, sons of

Jr., made their first organ in the when John was only twenty and Andrew

Balthaser Krauss,

year 1790,

only nineteen years old.

This was no doubt the

first

pipe-organ which was manufactured in Pennsylvania.

was constructed

It

in

an old shop on their father's

to be seen, and is now owned by Levi Krauss. Previous to the year 1809 an organ was built by John and Andrew Krauss for the use ot the Roman Catholic Church in Washington township, Berks Co., which is still to be seen there in the old church, and a little later an organ was made by the same firm for the use of the Long Swamp Church (Union), in Long Swamp township, Berks Co., and 1812 another for the use of the Jordan Union Church, in North Whitehall township, Lehigh Co. In 1826, at the same place, a bass viol was made by George Krauss and Joel Krauss, sons of Andrew Krauss. In 1828 a melodeon was made at the same place by George and Samuel Krauss, sons of Andrew Krauss, which was no doubt the first melodeon ever made. Later an ingenious globe was made by Andrew Krauss and his sons, George S. and Samuel. This globe was turned by a clock, which was made by Samuel and George Krauss, and the painting and printing was put on by George S. Krauss, taken from a map of the world which was printed in London. This globe turned by clock once in twenty-four hours, is still to be seen in the Perkiomen Seminary, East Greenville, Montgomery Co., Pa., and is still in a good condition. The building of organs was continued by Andrew Krauss and his son, George S. Krauss, until 1840, when George S. Krauss moved to the neighborhood of the present Palm, in Montgomery Co., and established his business at that place, where it is still carried on by Edwin B. Krauss. In 1840 the old factory was abandoned.

premises, which

Grist-

is still

and Saw-Mills.— Kriebel's

grist-mill

is sit-

Guth's Coach-Factory.—This coach-factory is situated on "the King's high-road," between Shimersville and the borough of Macungie. A village, but without a store or tavern, has grown up around it.

uated on the Hosensack Creek, in Lower Milford, and on the public road leading from the village of Hosen-

The

land on which this mill is situated was first settled, 1741, by Peter Rittenhouse, and was originally two

coach-factory was erected about the year 1845 by Jonas Yerk (sometimes called Jonas George), and carried on by him until the year 1851, when it was sold to the present proprietor, Charles Guth.

junction with the factory

is

a saddler-shop, carried on

by Mr. Landis, son-in-law of Mr. Guth. Vera Cruz Creamery.—This creamery at the village of

In con-

Vera Cruz,

is

located

Upper Milford. In 1880 a company, by the name of the "Vera Cruz Creamery Company (limited)," was organized, and the same year a fine building, with engine and suitain

ble machinery, was erected, in which a successful business has since been carried on. In this creamery

there was manufactured in the year 1883 over thirtysix thousand pounds of butter, and over seventy-five thousand pounds of cheese.

Mechanical

Industries

in

lower Milford—

sack to Palm, in Montgomery Co., about three-fourths of a mile southwest from Hosensack village. The

hundred and

fifty acres, who sold to Abraham Meyer, who obtained a patent, granted Jan. 8, 1774, by the name of " Meyer's Neglect," who sold. May 26, 1774, one hundred and twenty-eight acres to Henry Funk

for eight

hundred and

fifty

pounds.

This Henry

Funk

built a grist-mill on his land in or about the year 1775, and ran the same until the year 1783, and sold to Rev. George Kriebel. During the time of the

Revolutionary war Henry Funk manufactured a good deal of flour for the use of the American army, which was conveyed to the place of destination by George Klein. On Feb. 18, 1796, George Kriebel sold the mill, with one

hundred and forty-nine acres Kriebel, at nine hundred pounds, who continued the same for nineteen years, of land, to his son,

Abraham

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. until 1816,

when he

On May

died.

24, 1817, his son,

Jacob Kriebel, bought the mil], besides twenty-five and three-fourths acres of land, at one hundred pounds, and had possession of it for a period of fiftyeight years, and died March 17, 1875, aged eightyfour years, six months, four days. The same year the mill property was sold, at public sale, to Joel Yeakel, at nineteen thousand five hundred dollars, who sold later to his son, Daniel K. Yeakel, who is still

the proprietor.

Schantz's grist- and saw-mill is situated in Lower Milford, on the Hosensack Creek, and nearly half a mile above the village of Hosensack. Previous to the

year 1800 there was a saw-mill erected at this place by Abraham Schantz, and several years afterwards (after 1800) he erected an oil-mill at the same place, and continued the same until the year 1811, when he sold to his son, gospel), years,

John Schantz

who continued

and sold

the

to bis son,

oil-

(later a minister of the

and saw-mill

for

Henry Schantz, who

many

rebuilt

the oil-mill in 1852, and erected a grist-mill, and discontinued the oil-mill. The grist- and saw-mill were

then continued by Henry Schantz until his death (about the year 1864), and were sold to his son, Milton Schantz,

who

has since continued their operation. is situated on Saucon Creek,

Gerhard's grist-mill

Lower Milford, and on the public road leading from the Allentown and Coopersburg turnpike to Steinsburg, about one-half mile south from the village of Limeport. The first mill at this place was built previous to the year 1785, by Andrew Engelman, and was conducted by the Engelmans until in

the year 1810, necker,

who

when

was sold to John Adam StahlAbel Fowler, who conabout twenty years, till 1836, and it

sold, in 1816, to

tinued the same for

George Blank, who sold, in 1842, to Henry who conducted the old mill until 1858, in which year Gerhard built a large stone mill on the same spot, and continued the same with his son, Tobias, as Henry Gerhard & Son, until the year 1882, when he sold to Aaron Heist, the present owner. Stauffer's grist- and saw-mill is situated on Walter's Creek, in Lower Milford, and on the public road leading from the old " King's high-road" to Powder Valley, about one-half mile southeast from Zionsville The land on Station, on the Perkiomen Eailroad. which this mill is situated was first settled by one sold to

Gerhard,

man, called John Moyer, who built, prior to 1760, a saw-mill, which he sold, besides over fifty-five acres of land, to his son, Samuel Moyer, who continued the mill for twenty-two years, until 1783,

The property was then

sold

when he

by Orphans' Court

died. sale,

Dec. 18, 1783, to his son-in-law, Philip Hess, who sold, March 9, 1786, to Abraham Funk, who continued the mill for over three years, and died, 1789. On March 17, 1790, the property was sold by Orphans' Court to his eldest son, Henry Funk, who sold, April

same year, to Jacob Schantz, who sold, July 15th of the same year, to Jacob Miller, a bellows1st of the

393

maker, who built a new saw-mill. 1830,

when

his daughter, Charlotte,

He came

died

iu

in posses-

sion of the saw-hiill, besides thirty-three acres of land,

and who kept the same brother-in-law,

for

The

in 1845, a grist-mill.

Henry

twenty years, and erected, mill was operated by her

Stabler.

In April, 1851, Jacob Schantz purchased the property, and sold, in 1853, to Solomon Klein, who made some improvements at the mills, and sold, in 1862, to Samuel Stauffer, who has continued the same in copartnership with his son, Henry Staufler, Stautfer &

Son,

—

—

till

date.

Heller's grist-

and saw-mill is situated in Lower and in the Hosensack

Milford, on the Indian Creek,

Valley, and on the public road leading from the village of Hosensack to Herefordsville, in Berks County,

and

in a straight line one and a quarter miles fi-om Hosensack. This mill was first built as a saw-mill by Jeremiah Krauss, between 1780 and 1790, and run by him until about 1807, when it was leased to Christopher and David Schubert, who constructed at this place the first clover-mill which was ever made about the same year (1807 or 1808). Farmers came from great distances to this mill with their clover-seed, and got it cleaned with satisfaction. Later, this property was purchased by Nathan Krauss (son of Jeremiah Krauss), who changed the clover-mill to an oil-mill, and ran the same for several years. He sold to George Carl, who continued the same, oil-mill and saw-mill, for a number of years, and was sold about the year 1860 to Jacob F. Heiler. The oil-mill was changed to a grist-mill, which was continued, besides the sawmill (since it was in possession of Mr. Heiler), by Thomas Bitting, Nelson Weidner, Samuel Carl, etc. It is at present occupied by Charles Mangold as tenant. J. F. Heiler is still the owner.

Heist's (or Walter's) grist-mill

is

situated in

Lower

Milford, on Walter's Creek, and on the old public road leading from the " King's high-road" to Allen-

town, and about one mile west from Dillingersville.

The

hundred and thirty-five acres, on which was purchased by Philip Walter, on June 13, 1789, from Andrew Keiser. The mill was built by Walter in the year 1796, (first a saw-mill and then a grist-mill), and was run by said Walter until land, one

this mill is situated

his death (1812).

In the year 1812, Daniel Walter,

son of Philip Walter, purchased the property at Or-

phans' Court sale at ten thousand and eight dollars. On April 1, 1813, Daniel Walter sold the grist- and saw-mill, besides twenty-three acres of land, to Georg

who continued the mill a few years and died, and Daniel Walter purchased the property again, and continued the same over thirty-six years, and sold, about the year 1852, to Samuel Steimbach, who discontinued the saw-mill, and built the following yeara large new stone mill, and ran the same until the year 1868, and sold to John Heist, who sold to his son, Bransz,

Edward Dubs'

Heist,

who

is

the present owner.

(later Moyer's,

and now Schelly's)

grist-mill

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

394 is

situated in

and

Milford, on the Hosensack Creek,

Lower

sold

to

also a

grist-

Spinnerstown, and one mile east from Dillingersville.

same

The land on which

erty was sold to

was settled in 1734 by Jacob Dubs, and was originally one hundred and fifty acres. He sold, June 3, 1772, to his son, Daniel Dubs, at three hundred and fifty pounds, who this mill

is

situated

who built, in 1863, a new new saw-mill, and continued the when he died, after which the prop-

Charles Hillegas,

and

on the public road leading from Zionsville to

until 1876,

same

Jacob Hentricks, who continued the when the mills were

until 1882 (seven years),

totally destroyed

was built by

by

In 1883 a

fire.

J. Hentricks, the present

new

grist-mill

owner.

obtained on the same tract a patent on April 26, 1782, by the name of " Potts." This Daniel Dubs erected previous to the year 1800 a saw-mill and a grist-mill, and sold the same, besides forty-seven and a half acres of land, to his son, Daniel Dubs, Jr., on Dec. 17, 1824,

Kriebel's saw-mill is situated in Lower Milford, near the public road leading from Macungie to Philadelphia (the old King's high-road), and also on a branch of Krauss' Creek, over one and a half miles

who ran

mill was erected

or continued the mills for about eleven years,

and sold in 1835 to William D. Moyer, who continued the same himself (or by tenants) for about twentyeight years, when he died, and the property was sold to Isaac H. Schelly, who, in 1869, sold the mills, with seven acres of land, to Benjamin F. Yoke, who sold in 1872 to Samuel Miller, who sold in 1873 to William Michael,

who continued

until his death, on the 13th

was sold Feb.

mill for six years,

November,

The

saw-mill was discontinued. acres of land

tlie

1879.

grist-mill

26, 1880, to

The

and seven

Henry

F.

Schelly, at three thousand one hundred and one dollars.

He

repaired and affixed a steam-engine to the

—

and continued the same by tenants, Joseph Yeakel and F. C. Jacoby. Henry T. Schelly is the mill,

present owner.

Boeder's saw-mill

is

situated on

the Hosensack

Creek, about one-quarter of a mile west from the lage of Hosensack, in

Lower

Milford.

The

vil-

mill was

John George Stahl previous to the year 1800, and was sold about 1820 to Samuel Boeder, who sold the same, with one hundred and twenty-seven erected by

southeast from the village of Hosensack.

This saw-

by George Kreibel about the year and was continued by him eleven years, and

1855,

&

sold in 1868 to Krauss

Brother.

years later, in 1870, to Jesse Brey,

They who is

sold two

Lower

Milford,

still

the

owner.

Eberhard's saw-mill

is

situated in

on the public road leading from Dillingersville to vSpinnerstown, and on Eberhard's Creek, a branch of the Hosensack Creek, about one and a half miles (in a straight line) southeast from Dillingersville. The mill was erected by John D. Eberhard in the year 1882.

Antrim's Casinet-Mill was situated on the Indian Creek, and in the Hosensack Valley, on the public

road leading from the village of Hosensack to Palm, in Montgomery County. This mill was at first a wool-carding and fulling-mill, and was built by Melchior Yeakel prior to the year 1800, and was run by

him

for

a

number of

years,

and sold

to

George

who changed it to a casinet-factory, and sold to Amos Antrim, who continued the mill until the year 1846, when it was destroyed by fire. Yeakel,

Jr.,

—

who died The farm and saw-mill were Eenben M. Boeder, and are still in his

Dubs' Pottery. This pottery was situated on the land which is now in possession of James D. Dillinger, about two miles northeast from Dillingersville. About the year 1820, Henry Dubs purchased from

Emanuel S. Meyer's grist- and saw-mill is in Lower Milford township, about one mile south from the village of Limeport. This mill was first built a clover-

Christian Grossman a tract of land, and established the following year a pottery on the same, which he

by Jacob Dietz, and later changed to a grist-mill, and was conducted by him for a number of years and then discontinued. About the year 1863 Jacob Dietz died, and the mill property was sold to F. T. Jobst and George Neumoyer, by whom this mill was rebuilt and enlarged and changed to a grist-mill. He also built a new saw-mill, and sold in 1877 to Abraham S. Moyer, who continued the mill a short time and died. After which the property was sold to his son, Emanuel E. Moyer,

linger

acres of land, to his son, Daniel C. Boeder,

about the year 1865. sold to his son, possession.

mill in or about 1844

who continued

the mill

Hentricks' grist-mill

till

is

date (January, 1884). situated in

Lower Milford,

on the Hicken Creek, and on a public road, about three miles east from the village of Dillingersville. The mill was built by Henry Budolf as a clover-mill, and was conducted by him a number of years, and was sold about the year 1841 to John Beinhard, who continued the mill for twenty years, till 1861, and

carried on until 1835,

and sold out to William Diland went with his brother Daniel to Ohio. This was no doubt the first pottery in Upper Milford, and perhaps the first in Lehigh County. Oil-Mills.— Dillinger's oil-mill was located about one hundred rods east from the present village of Dillingersville, in Lower Milford, on a branch of the Schantz Creek. The oil-mill was erected by Jacob Dillinger, between the years 1788-90, and was continued by him for over fifteen years. The mill was rebuilt and altered to a dwelling-house, which is still in a good condition, and has since 1853 been in possession of and occupied by Edward Beinhard. Stahler's oil-mill was situated on Ortt's Creek, in Lower Milford (then Upper Milford), and near the public road leading from Zionsville to Coopersburg. This oil-mill was erected by Anthony Stabler previous to the year 1785, and was continued by him until his death, in 1799. After which it was pur-

;

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. chased by his sou, Anthony Stabler, Jr., in March, and was continued by him until 1805, and was then sold to Jacob Mohr, who discontinued the oil-

1800,

mill forever.

The

ing-house, which

mill-house was rebuilt as a dwellstanding, but not occupied.

is still

Tanneries.— Burkhalter's tannery is situated in Lower Milford, on the old public King's high-road leading from Macungie to Philadelphia, about onequarter of a mile southeast from Zionsville Station, on the Perkiomen Railroad. About the year 1822, John

Hanger purchased from Jacob Larosch nearly seventeen acres of land, and erected the same year a tannery on the tract. He conducted the same for about two years, and sold to Samuel Moyer, who continued the tannery for nearly three years, and sold to Charles Burkhalter in 1827, who continued for thirty-five years

and died. In the same year Charles Burkpurchased the property, and has since continued the tannery with success. Dubs' tannery was situated in Lower Milford, on (until 1862),

halter, Jr.,

the Hosensack Creek, on the

same road as Dubs' gristand one and one-eighth miles east from Dillingersville. The land on which this tannery was erected mill,

also a part of the original tract called " Potts."

is

Jacob Dubs, Jr., purchased from his father, Daniel, in December, 1824, the said tract of thirty-four acres. He carried on the business for many years, as also did his sons, Daniel Dubs and Jacob D. Dubs, and afterwards Alvin Jarrett and Samuel K. Carl. About the year 1861 operations were discontinued. Dubs' Forge was situated in Lower Milford, on a branch of the Hosensack, on the public road leading from Dubs' grist-mill to Limeport, and about onequarter of a mile northeast from said grist-mill. This mill was erected by John Dubs about the year 1825. John Dubs purchased from his father, Daniel Dubs, over sixty- eight acres, besides the old homestead (which is part of a tract of one hundred and fifty acres

395

and sold to the farmers and builders. Later there were some other kilns erected by Abraham Schantz, and by his son, John Schantz, and still later by his sons, Joseph Schantz, Henry Schantz, Samuel Weinberger, and others. At present there are seven or eight limekilns in Hosensack kept in operation every year, especially during the spring and fall season, by Solomon Schantz, Milton Schantz, Jonathan Fretz, etc. At Limeport there are a number of kilns kept in operation by Thomas K. Ott. Creameries. The Hosensack Creamery Company was organized and incorporated in December, 1879. The first ofiicers of this incorporation were William

—

Harrison Mechling, president Adam Krauss, secreReuben M. Roeder, treasurer. In the following year, 1880, the company erected a building, with all the necessary machinery, in the village of Hosensack. The average supply of milk used in this creamery is over four thousand one hundred pounds per day. Out of that milk is made one ;

tary

;

hundred and thirty pounds of butter per day and three hundred and ten pounds of cheese. The present ofiicers are Samuel G. Carl, president; William M. Roeder, secretary and superintendent; Soloman Schantz, treasurer.

called "Potts"),

Schuler's creamery is situated in Lower Milford, on the public road leading from Dillingersville to Steinsburg, and nearly two miles southeast from Dillingersville. The buildings of this creamery were erected, and engine and all the necessary machinery put in, in 1880, by David Schuler, and the creamery was started on the 6th of September, in the same year, by his son, William R. Schuler, who became the proprietor of it. In the year 1883, Mr. Schuler received and used fifty-nine thousand five hundred and eighty-one pounds of milk, from which he manufactured, during the same year, two thousand and twenty-two pounds of butter and nearly four thousand pounds of cheese. William Schuler is still the

forge there

proprietor.

on Dec. 17, 1824. At this mill or was manufactured all kinds of cutlery, augers, etc. The Dubs forge was known to a distance of over twenty miles around. This mill was conducted by John Dubs, and also by his son, Aaron K. Dubs, for

—

own

use.

Krammes, John V. Buskirk, Dr.

1800, or previous to that year, there erected by Abraham Schantz on his was a limekiln premises in the Hosensack Valley. Lime was first later with coal,

C.

Friederich Dickenshied (surgeon), Jacob Ortt.

—

Soldiers of the Civil War. List of the names of the soldiers who served with the One Hundred and Seventy-sixth Regiment Pennsylvania Militia for ten

months

in Virginia,

North Carolina, and South Caro-

Upper and Lower Milford Capt., George Neitz, Lower Milford 1st lieut., Charles H. Foster, Upper Milford 2d lieut., Philip W. Flores, Lower Milford 1st sergt., Addison Siebert, Lower Milford 3d sergt., John G. Rosenbery, Upper Milford 4th sergt., Charles Heil, Lower Milford -Sth sergt., William H. Wieand, Upper Milford 2d corp., William M. Roeder, Lower Milford 3d Corp., John F. Fegely, Upper Milford 4th corp., Willoughby Standt, Upper Milford; 6th corp., Henry Bauer, Upper Milford; lina from

:

;

;

;

;

;

About the year

manufactured or burned by wood, and

—

Ross, Jacob

a number of years.

Limekilns. Limestone is abundant in the Hosensack Valley in Lower Milford, and also on the line between Lower Milford and Saucon (at Limeport), and on the line between Upper Milford and Lower Macungie, and on the line between Upper Milford and Hereford (Berks Co.). When the first limekiln was erected I am not able to say. At first there was one on almost every farm. During the winter months the farmers hauled their limestone, many having to go a great distance to the quarry. They burned lime only for their

List of Soldiers of the War of 1812 from Upper Milford. Henry Flores, George Flores, George Schmoyer, Nicolaus Fegely, Henry Fegely, Charles

;

;

;

;

;

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

396

drummer, Michael Nuss, Upper Milford privates of Lower Milford, Jonathan H. Bickel, Franklin Floras, David Gary, Daniel Heimbach, William H. Schiffert privates of Upper Milford, Martin Ackerman, John Bracht, William Dony, William Ettinger, David Fischer, Solomon Hallman, Joseph Kuhns, Gottlieb Plueger, Lewis Keinbold, Samuel Rothanberger, William Sichar. ;

The following thraa-year man served in several Upper Milford: William Schlicher, Jacob Diehl, Edwin Diehl, John Lynn, One Hundred and regiments.

Fourth Regiment Solomon Wieder, David Wieder, Daniel Hittel, Forty-seventh Regiment. Lower Milford, Milton Engelman, Reuben M. SohafFar, John J. Brunner, One Hundred and Fourth Regiment Solomon Hilligass, Levenus Hilligass, Charles Miller, Anthony Kleinsmith, Daniel Kleinsmith, Forty-seventh Regiment. ;

;

Dilling'ersville is a small village situated in Lower Milford township, and contains one hotel, one store, post-office, telegraph-office (of the

Union Telegraph

Company), and seven dwelling-houses. It is located on Moser's or (later) Dillingar's Ridge, and on the public road leading from Zionsville, or from the old King's high-road to Spinnerstown, in Bucks County, and is nearly eleven miles southwest from Allentown. This place was first settled in the j^ear 1735, by Michael Moser, who immigrated two years prior from the Palatinate to this country, coming to Philadelphia, in the ship " Adventurer," with fifty-seven others of his friends and comrades, on Sept. 23, 1732. He settled in the year above mentioned at this place, and took up one hundred acres of land, on which the present village is located. He built his first house near a beautiful spring of clear water, and lived there about thirty years. He sold his property about the year 1766 to Bernhard Straub, who sold, 1773, to Peter Schuler,

who

sold, 1788, to

John Jacob

Dillinger,

who

erected soon afterwards an oil-mill on the premises, and ran the same for about fifteen years. This oilmill

is still

there,

Dillingersville.

about one hundred rods east from

It

was

and changed to number of years occupied

later rebuilt

a dwelling-house, and for a

In the year 1810, Daniel Stabler established the tavern in Dillingersville, and became the landlord, and continued the same for seventeen years, until first

1827. In 1827 the property was sold to Henry Stabler, who continued the hotel for two years, and sold, in 1829, to Hans Dillinger (or John Dillinger, 3d), who sold the same year to his son, Henry Dillinger (sonin-law of Daniel Stabler). From 1827 to 1829 the

was kept by Jacob Weber. In the year 1830 a large stone hotel building was erected by Henry Dillinger, who became the landlord, and kept the hotel for a period of twenty-five years, until 1855, when he removed to Allentown. He was store

also the proprietor of the store for about seventeen years,— from 1829 to 1846. Since 1855 the hotel has been kept by the following landlords, viz. Jesse Reichenbach, 1855-56; Christian Fischer, 1856-58 Edward Frey, 1858-61; George Neitz, 1861-63 Hiram Hell, 1863-64 Francis Buchecker, 1864-65 Nathan Carl, 1865-68 E. S. Diefenderfer, 1868-82 Henry Acker, 1882-84 William Boyer, 1884. In the year 1848 a large two-story stone dwellinghouse, and in 1859 a large stone Swiss barn, and in 1860 a new frame store-house, were erected, all by ;

;

;

;

Henry

Dillinger.

In 1866, when Henry Dillinger died, all the real property was sold to F. T. Jobst, of Emaus, over one hundred and three acres, for over eleven thousand

He

three hundred dollars. erty

and eleven

sold, 1867, the store prop-

acres of land to Israel Larosch,

in 1869 the hotel property

and and eleven acres of land to

E. S. Diefenderfer.

Since the time of

John

Dillinger, Jr. (1809), the

store has been kept as follows, viz.

years

;

Charles

Henry

& Jacob

John Ruch, four Weber, four years (1825-29)

Dillinger, seventeen

Zelner, four years (1846-50)

years

(1851-56)

;

:

years (1829-46)

;

Jesse

Erwin Burkhalter,

;

Solomon Dillinger

&

four

Daniel

J.

two years (1856-58); William J. Eberhard, three years (1858-61); George Edelman, three years (1861-64); Wieand & Brother, one year (1864^65); John M. Schelly, two years (1866-68) Flores & Moyer, five years (1868-73) William M. Gehman, Dillinger,

;

;

by one of

now

his daughters, Christina Dillinger.

It is

Edward Reinhard, and is still in good condition. A.bout the year 1800, John Dillinger, Jr., son of John Jacob Dillinger, established a in possession of

country store on the premises, which they kept for about nine years.

On

Dae.

5,

1803,

John Jacob Dillinger

died,

and

—two sous— John and Daniel —and daughters, — who divided the property among

left five children,

three

themselves.

On

April 19, 1805, John Dillinger purchased ninety-seven acres and one hundred and four parches of the Dillingersville property from the heirs of John Jacob Dillinger, deceased. On Sept. 2, 1809,

John

Dillinger, Jr., sold all his property to Lorenz

and Daniel Stabler Philadelphia.

for

£1464

15s.,

and removed

to

four years (1873-77) 81)

;

E. D. Reiter, four years (1877-

Henry W. Nuss,

since 1881 (three years). Since 1853 this village has always been used as the polling-place of Lower Milford, and previous to the ;

year 1853 (in which year Lower Milford was separated from Upper Milford) it was the polling-place of Upper Milford for over fifty years, but only for the fall election.

From

1812 until 1868 mails were carried to this once a week. First, every Thursday,

post-oflice only

by route from Fogelsvile to Trumbauersville (Bucks County) and back, afterwards, by route, from Macungie to North Wales (Montgomery County), every Friday, and back on Saturday. Later, from 1868 to 1874, twice a week, on Wednesday and Friday. First by route from Sumneytown (Montgomery County) to

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. Emaus and back, then by route from Palm (Montgomery County) to Emaus and back. Since 1874 mails have been carried every day, except on Sunday,

by Perkiomen Railroad.

In the Centennial year, 1876, when the Perkiomen Railroad was opened for the accommodation of the

community,

name

this station

large feed storehouse

not over forty miles eight cents, not over ninety miles ten cents, and not over one hundred miles twelve and

is

hundred miles twenty cents. From 1816 to 1845 postage on a letter of onequarter of an ounce was six and one-quarter cents for five

a distance of thirty miles, from thirty to eighty miles ten cents, from eighty to one hundred and fifty miles twelve and a half cents, from one hundred and fifty

was established under the

of Schelly's Station, later changed to Dillinger.

Postage was, previous to 1816, on a letter of only one sheet (one-quarter of an ounce), for a distance of

a half cents, and over

397

In the same year (1876) Levi N. Schelly erected a and opened a coal-yard, in which he has since done a successful business. At this place the tunnel of the Perkiomen Railroad, constructed

through the solid rock of a branch of the South Mountain. It is between seventeen hundred and eighteen hundred feet long. Mails are to be carried between Dillinger's Station and Dillingersville twice every day, except Sunday. in 1874-75,

—

Hosensack Village, This village is situated near the Hosensack Creek, in Lower Miltord, and on the

hundred miles eighteen cents, and over four hundred twenty-five cents. From 1845 to 1851, on a letter not over one-half of an ounce three hundred miles five cents, and over three hundred miles ten

public road leading from Macungie to Philadelphia (the old " King's high-road"), and nearly twelve miles

cents.

and

In 1851 postage was reduced to three cents in advance, and otherwise five cents for a distance of not over three thousand miles.

The

to four

In 1863 postage was reduced on a letter not over all parts of the United States to three cents, to be paid in advance. Since Oct. 1, 1883, postage is only two cents on a letter not over one-half ounce to

southwest from Allentown.

It contains a hotel, store, creamery, and nine dwelling-houses. land on which the village is located was a part

post-office,

of one hundred and fifty acres taken

Keiber

year by

Henry Keiber.

He

later

(June

one-half ounce to all parts of the United States.

Dec.

24, 1744, to

Stahler's (later Dillingersville) Post-OiRee.— In the year 1812 there was a post-office established in

1846, to George Klein,

who

which was dated Aug.

6,

the present village of Dillingersville, by the

name

of

and Daniel Stabler was appointed This was the first post-office in the lower part of the county of Lehigh. Daniel Stabler had been postmaster until 1827, when he sold the property Stahler's Post-Office,

postmaster.

to Henry Stabler and resigned the post-office, when Henry Stabler was appointed postmaster for two years,

and resigned. In 1829, Hans Dillinger purchased the hotel prop-

Henry Dillinger, son-in-law of Daniel Stabler, became postmaster the same year, and purchased also the property from his father, Hans Dilerty,

and

his

son,

and conducted the post-office until about the year 1849, when it was discontinued for two years. In the year 1851, under the administration of Presilinger,

dent Fillmore, this post-office was re-established, under the name of Dillingersville, and Ervin Burkhalter

was appointed postmaster, who administered the for four years,

and resigned

office

in 1856.

The same year Daniel J. Dillinger was appointed, and served until 1866, when James D. Dillinger was appointed for one year. In November, 1867, P. W. Flores was appointed postmaster at this post-office, and has administered the

same

until the present date (Jan. 21, 1884).

Dillinger's Station, a village of six dwellinghouses, station-house, one grain and feed store, is situated on the Perkiomen Railroad, in Upper Milford,

about one and one-quarter miles north from the lage of Dillingersville.

vil-

up by Henry

Geber), in pursuance of a warrant dated June 26, 1734. About one-fourth of a mile east of this village the first house was erected in the same (or

lished the

6,

first

sold the land one year

1785) to Andreas Eckhard,

David

Streib,

who

sold,

who

sold,

March

17,

obtained a patent (deed),

1757.

George Klein estab-

tavern on the site of the present village

We find that he was first licensed to keep tavern in June, 1759. This tavern was situated on the above-mentioned " King's high-road," which was surveyed and laid out in the month of March, 1735. (This place, or the neighborhood, was sometimes called " Hosenhaason," and it is so mentioned in the Pennsylvania Archives, when Secretary of Hosensack.

John Armstrong ordered men, Oct.

the

1,

to report

George Klein's,

without delay

fifty

Hosenhaason, 1784, being the time of the Indian troubles in

soldiers

Wyoming

at

in

Valley.)

Previous to the Revolutionary war George Stahl established a country store near the village of Hosen-

which was continued for several years. Stahl was employed as teamster during the war, and with two teams he hauled regularly flour and other provisions from his store and other places to the headquarters of the American army in Philadelphia. Flour was brought from the mill in the neighborhood, and with all kinds of provisions from the neighborhood brought to Stahl's store. The store was later sack,

discontinued.

In the vicinity of Hosensack, in the time of the Revolutionary war, the last bear in Milford was killed

by John

Stahl, a son of

George Stahl, when he was

only twelve years old, with the assistance of other

boys of the neighborhood. The above-mentioned George Stahl kept the tavern at this place for a period of twenty-seven years, until

;:

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

398

the year 1786, in which year Gabriel Klein was

censed to keep

How

it.

long he kept tavern

is

li-

not

known. In the year 1797, George Klein sold his three sons,

— Abraham,

Isaac,

all his

land to

and Jacob.

That

portion on which the tavern was located, or all that

portion of his land which was situated on the south side of the King's high-road, was sold to his son Abra-

ham

;

and no doubt he carried on the tavern for a Later the hotel was sold by Abra-

number of years.

ham

Klein to his brother-in-law, Andrew Eieser, who

with his wife, Sybilla Kieser, kept it for several years. At the same time a store was kept here by Jonathan

Andrew

Eieser. Jonathan Stahl keep tavern in May, 1815, and continued for several years. In or about the year 1820, Hans (or John) Yeakel became the landlord, and kept the hotel for several years, after which Jonathan Stahl again had charge of it a few years. In or about the year 1830, Henry Stabler purchased the hotel property from Andrew Eieser, and continued the hotel for three years, when it was sold to Peter Gery, who sold it, about the year 1840, to Solomon L. Holder, who continued the same for over twenty-five years, until the year 1866. In 1866, George Bachman purchased the property, and in 1869 he built a new stone hotel, of which he remained the landlord until 1882, when he leased it to John Schneck, who was the landlord for one year. In the year 1883, Christian Weisz, the present landlord, purchased the Stahl, son-in-law of

was

also licensed to

Previous to the year 1800 this hotel received the name of "Hirschhorn Wirthshaus," or " Buckhorn Hotel," which it has ever since borne.

property.

In the year 1828, David Gehman established a store, and was appointed postmaster. About

new

the year 1850, David Gehman built a second and large brick store-house and store, in which business was continued by Gehman & Schoenly until 1860, after

& Klein, William M. Gehman, Henry A. Kauflfman, and A. N.

which Wickert

Charles Schoenly,

Wanner carried it The Hosensack

on. post-office

was established in or

about the year 1841, and David Gehman was appointed the first postmaster (under the administration of President Taylor). He was the postmaster until the year 1853, at which time (under President Pierce) Solomon L. Holder was appointed. In 1861, David Gehman was appointed postmaster the second time, and kept the ofiice until 1872,— eleven years,— when he resigned,

and

his son-in-law, Charles Schoenly,

was

In 1873, H. A. Kaufiman was appointed. served three years, and resigned, and in 1876 A. Hunsicker was appointed. Mrs. Annie Wanner, his appointed.

He

successor and the present incumbent, was appointed postmistress in 1880.

Limeport

is

a village in

Lower Milford township,

on the Saucon line, and on the public road leadinofrom the Allentown and Coopersburg turnpike to Steinsburg (Bucks County). It contains two hotels

one

store,

coachmakers' shop, telegraph-office, post-

and thirteen dwelling-houses. The land on which the village is located was a part of a tract purchased by a man named Philip Hill, of Saucon. In office,

the year 1825, Daniel

Erdman

erected the present

Eagle Hotel, and became the landlord, and kept it In 1851, Eeuben Schafier until his death, in 1850. purchased the property, and kept the hotel for twentyfive years (until the year 1876), and sold to Thomas K. Ott, who kept it two years, and in 1878 his son, M. H. Ott, the present landlord, took possession. In the year 1850, Joseph Wittman built the other hotel (at present occupied by Peter Benner). This was occupied by tenants for over fifteen years, as follows, viz. George Neits, 1850-52 Abner Mory, 1852-54 Derr & Bitting, 1854-55; J. B. Kemmerer, 1855-64; William Egner and others, 1864-65 David Erdman, 1865-66. In the year 1866, Peter Benner purchased the hotel property from the heirs of David Erdman and became the landlord. He still holds that position. The following persons have kept store in the village: John Aplegate; Abner Mory, 1852-54; Derr & Bitting, 1854-55; J. B. Kemmerer, 1855-64; Samuel Bergstresser, 1864-65 Benner & Fink, 1865-70 Schaffer & Deily, and Charles Egner. Limeport Post-Office. This post-office was estab;

;

;

;

—

Benner & Fink in the year 1867, and Lewis N. Benner was appointed postmaster, and held the office until 1871. The same year Joseph Wittman was appointed postmaster, and held the office for eleven years, when he resigned. In the year 1882, Charles Egner was appointed postmaster, and is still in office. Kranssdale, a village of eight dwelling-houses, one school-house, machine-shop, and foundry, is situated in Lower Milford, on the old " King's highroad," in the most southern part of Lehigh County, and about two and a quarter miles south from the village of Hosensack. The land on which Kraussdale is situated was first settled by Ulrich Eieszer in 1736. He took up t-wo hundred and seventy-eight acres. Eieszer died Sept. 9, 1784, and his executors, Casper Eieszer and George Kriebel, sold one hundred and ninety-five acres and one hundred and thirty-six perches (part of two hundred and seventy-eight acres) to Jacob Probst for sixteen hundred and forty-eight lished at the store of

pounds. Probst sold it in 1798 to Baltzer Krauss for seventeen hundred pounds, who sold, June 4, 1803, to his two sons, John Krauss and Andrew Krauss, for seventeen hundred and seventy-five pounds. At this place, previous to the year 1800, there was a machine-shop erected by John Krauss, Sr., in which he

manufactured wool carding-machines on a large scale. In the year 1819, John Krauss died, and the property

came

in possession of his son,

Anthony Krauss, who

changed the shop to a thrashing-machine manufactory, in which excellent thrashing-machines were made. A. Krauss died in the year 1852, and the property came in possession of his sons, Isaac Y.

UPPER AND LOWER MILFORD TOWNSHIPS. Harrison Y. Krauss, and James Krauss. They continued the business of manufacturing ma-

Krauss,

chines under the firm-name of Krauss & Brothers, and are doing at present a large business.

About the year 1870 a large machine-manufactory was established by Krauss & Brothers, in which was also a foundry. In this factory at present all kinds of agricultural and many other machines are manufactured. Krauss & Brothers' business will at present equal any other of the same kind in Lehigh County. At the same place, about the year 1790, an organ manufactory was established by Andrew Krauss. At this place the first melodeon in the United States was manufactured.

Many

churches in Lehigh, Berks,

Montgomery, and Bucks Counties have been supplied with organs by A. Krauss, and later by Joel Krauss. Corning is a small village containing six dwellinghouses, store, and post-office, and station-house (Perkiomen Railroad), situated on the line between Lower and Upper Milford, near the line of Montgomery County, and on the public road leading from Hereford, Berks Co., to the Hosensack Valley. This village has been built up in the last seven or eight years by Ellas Trump, Mrs. Sterner, and others. A store was kept there by H. W. Nuss. Ellas Trump is

the present store-keeper.

At the end of June, office

the

1883, there

was a new

post-

established at the above-described village under

name of Corning, and

postmaster.

He

Zionsville (Old).

Ellas

holds the

still

Trump was

appointed

office.

—This village

is

located in

Upper

Milford, on the old "King's high-road" leading from Macungie to Goshenhoppen, and also on the Hereford and Shimersville turnpike, and on a branch of the South Mountain, and is between nine and ten miles southwest from Allentown. The village contains one hotel, one store, two churches, one carriage-factory, one marble-yard, and thirty dwelling-houses.

early history of this village is, like that of The land on others, involved in some obscurity. which the village is situated was takeo up by Chris-

The

tian Crall, or Kraul,

Crall took

and Philip Herzog. hill, from the Lutheran Church

the upper part, on the

399

On

this land, between 1750 and 1755, the first Reformed Church, a log structure, was erected. On the north side of Crall's land Peter Hittel bought, Jan. 20, 1753, of John Bingamau one hundred and twenty acres. He donated, 1757, one acre to the Lutheran congregation, and upon it, in 1758, the first Lutheran Church (log) was erected, about fifty perches north of the Reformed Church. About the year 1810 the first store was established

by Philip brother,

Hittel, who sold, some years later, to his William Hittel, who sold to Wieand &

Meyer. They W. Wieand.

sold, several years afterwards, to C.

About the year 1880 a new stone hotel was erected by Philip Hittel, and he became landlord, and continued in business for

many

years.

In 1789 the second Reformed Church, and in 1819 the second Lutheran Church (a Union Church), were In 1853 a new organ was erected, both of stone. erected in the Union Church, which cost eight hundred dollars.

In 1858 the third Reformed, and in 1876 the third Lutheran, Churches were built, both of brick. In the year 1841 a two-story school-house was built by subscriptions, taken among both congregations, for the use of both churches. In this school-house, in 1842, the first Sunday-school (a Union school) was established, under the name of Zion's Sunday-school. About the year 1869 a large brick dwelling-house

was built by Anthony Mechling. About the year 1853, George Neitz became the proprietor of the hotel, and kept the same for three years, after which Christian Henninger became proprietor. In 1865, Jonathan B. Kemmer purchased it and became the landlord. In 1868 he sold to Nathan Carl, who kept it until his death, in 1879, since which time Jane Jackenbach has been the landlady.

About the year 1848, C. W. Wieand built a large stone store, which has since been kept by several persons,— Willoughby Artman (until 1857),Mahlon Art-

man (1857-62), Erdman & Mark Erdman (1866-69), Frank Gery

(1862-66), (1869-72),

Henry Henry

Bechtold (1872-74), Charles Mangold (1874-78), and

west and northwestward (about twenty-five acres), in the year 1734. The land on which the lower or southern part of Zionsville is located (about one hundred

Isaac Kriebel, at present.

and two acres) was taken up, between 1740 and 1750. The first house of Zionsville was no doubt erected by Christian Crall, near the present residence of George On Crall's land was the Lutheran Schell, in 1734. Church, and on Herzog's land the Reformed Church

Previous to 1860 a coachmaker's shop was erected, and was operated for several years by David Trexler and others, and since 1866 by Joseph Z. Yeakel. In the year 1849 there was a post-office established at this place by the name of Zionsville, and Charles

Crall sold to Martin Schaffer, who sold William Schafler, and in 1789 the land brother, to his became the property of Christoffel and William Mohr. The second house no doubt was built on the south

W. Wieand was

by Philip Herzog, about Herzog the year 1740. After the death of father son, Paul his of property the became land (1785) the Wieand. Herzog, who sold, Feb. 14, 1789, to Wendell

same public road

was erected.

side of the present village

The

greater part of the houses have been erected

since 1850.

Since that appointed postmaster. The time the village has been called Zionsville. post-office was discontinued in 1853. Zionsville (New). This village is situated on the

—

as the older village,

and

also

on the

Perkioraen Railroad, in Upper Milford, nearly one mile southeast from Old Zionsville. It contains a station-house,

hotel,

store

and

post-office,

school-

:

;;

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

400

The foundation

house, and ten dwelling-houses.

;

ter.

In 1882, Abraham Z. Schelly, the present post-

master, was appointed.

Shimersville.

—This

store, post-office,

village,

containing a hotel,

and dwelling-houses,

is

situated on

the old public road (King's high-road) leading from

Macungie

to

Goshenhoppen

or

Philadelphia, nine

miles southwest from Allentown, and nearly two and a half miles southeast from Macungie.

The land on

which this village is located was originally three hundred and fifty-two acres, and was settled by Durk Jansen (or Derrick Johnson) in the year 1734. He sold. May 12, 1743, one hundred acres to Paul Dearst, and later sold the other part of his land to Jacob Miller.

When and

where the

first

Johnson's) land was erected

building on Jansen's (or

unknown, but no doubt it was in the year 1735, and by Jansen himself. When the first hotel in Shimersville was established is likewise unknown. We know that Jacob Miller was mentioned as an inn-keeper as early as 1774, and is

that he kept the tavern for not less than twenty years. In or about the year 1792, John Shimer, Esq., pur-

S. Shimer (son of Charles and became the landlord for

In the year 1863, Charles

of

was laid in 1876, when the Perkiomen Eailroad was opened, and when the station-house was built. The same year a large brick hotel and store-house was built by Abraham Geisinger, and at the same time dwelling-houses were built by Eev. Uriah Schelly, Elias Eosenberger, Philip Miller, Solomon Hallman, Joseph Schultz, and Alfred Eomig, and later by William M. Gehman, Samuel Schubert, A. Geisinger, and George Miller. The hotel and store were kept by William M. Gehman, two years (1877-79) C. Czarlinsky, two years (1879-81); O. F. Haas, two years (1881-83). Since April, 1883, James Scbantz has been hotel-keeper, and O. F. Haas store-keeper. In 1878 a post-office named Zionsville was established, and William M. Gehman appointed postmasthis village

B.) purchased the hotel,

when he sold to his brother-inwho was the owner of the hotel

five years, until 1868,

law, Jacob Eiegel, for ten years,

and sold to William B. Shaffer & Co., During this time the hotel was

the present owners.

charge of the following landlords (tenants),

in

viz.

John Weaver, Ephraim Erb, A. J. Schmick, Solomon Bortz, Henry Weidner, Henry Kuder, Adam Miller, present landlord. Store was

first

kept by Joshua Stabler

Stabler, five years (1839-44)

years (1844-55) 57)

;

Jordan

;

Hartzel

& Derr,

&

;

Eeuben

& Eeuben

Stabler, eleven

Jordan, two years (18.55-

four years (1857-61)

;

Chs. Derr,

one year (1861-62). In August, 1862, store was destroyed by fire, and a new store was built the same year. Then Shimer & Brother kept store three years (J863-66); Mark & Schantz, two years (1866-68); M. M. Mark, seven years (1868-75); and Kern & Brother since 1875, the present store-keepers (1884). In 1845, Eeuben Stabler built a new store-house. In 1858, Dr. Jacob Shimer built a large dwellinghouse, and later C. B. Shimer and John B. Shimer built

more dwelling-houses.

Shimersville post-office was established in 1853, and Eeuben Stabler appointed postmaster. He served

two years, and resigned in 1855, when Charles B. Shimer was appointed, and was in oflSce until 1867, at which time Dr. Albert M. Sigmund was appointed postmaster, and served until his death, in 1875. Since that time John L. Schreiber has been the regular postmaster.

Shimersville is located on one of the highest points of the Lehigh or South Mountain, from which the water runs in four diflferent directions, north-northeast, southeast, east, and southwest. At the east branch, about three hundred yards from its source, D. N. Kern constructed a carp-pond, and here the

chased the property, and was the owner of it for over thirty-three years, until 1828. Shimer was also a justice of the peace for at least ten years (1795-

German carp in Lehigh County were placed in an artificial pond the 9th of April, 1881. Mr. Kern soon found out that his carp-pond was profitable, so he enlarged it in the fall of 1883, and expects large

1805).

profits

During the time in which John Shimer was the owner of the hotel property the house was managed a few years by himself, and then by several tenants, as follows John Shimer, George Climer, John Stopp, Moses Cain, Daniel Scherr, Jonathan Schwartz, Daniel Gross, John Wesley, John Vogt (or Focht), Isaac Jarrett, John Jarrett, Daniel West, Charles Wieder, :

Daniel Siegfried, Friederic Bischitz. In the year 1828, John Shimer sold the hotel and his farm to his son, Charles B. Shimer, who was in

same for thirty-seven years, until 1865, during which time the hotel was kept by the

possession of the

following landlords,

viz.

John Kneiss, 1835-36

Charles B. Shimer, 1828-35

:

;

Joshua Stabler, 1839-44 George Beck, 1845-63.

;

Joseph

Beidler,

Eeuben

Stabler, 1844-45

1836-39 ;

first

The

from

it

in the future.

soil in this vicinity is

a dark gravel intermixed with clay and loam. This soil is to be found about one mile west and one mile east from Shimersville, and for about half a mile north and south on this kind of soil the heaviest wheat can be raised that is

known

Lehigh County. It weighs from sixty-four pounds per bushel. In the village of Shimersville there is some of the richest red oxide iron ore. About one-fourth of a mile south of the in

to sixty-six

village are, at Zionsville,

some of the richest magThere is also some magnetic iron and zinc northwest from Shimersville. About one-eighth of a mile north from the village is a rich deposit of emery and corundum. The corundum crystals are worth two hundred dollars per ton. There is some land in this neighborhood at the presnetic iron-ore veins.

; ;

SALISBURY TOWNSHIP. ent time that

is held at one thousand dollars per This same land could be bought very cheap twelve years ago. Up to 1850 Shimersville had

acre.

only five houses.

At the present time

it

has thirteen

houses.

Boyd kept store at this place, but sold out and went to Bethlehem. In 1851, Alexander Weaver commenced to keep a store there, and continued for three years. Weaver called the village years 1811-13, Copeland

by the name Vera Cruz in 1851. He sold to Jarrett, who kept store for two years and sold to Charles Bernhard, who commenced to keep tavern, and continued until the year 1875, when he went to Emaus. After Bernhard, John H. Berndt was landlord for several years then F. Ernst Albert one year; Tilghman Buskirk, two years; and Llewellyn Diefen-

first

Powder Valley

is

a small village, containing six

dwelling-houses, one store, one pottery, one saw- and grist-mill, situated in Upper Milford, on the Indian Creek, and on the public road leading from the Shimersville and Hereford turnpike to the Hosensack Valley. When the first house was erected at this place the writer cannot ascertain. In the year 1829 a powder-mill was erected by

Henry Kemmerer, and continued by him for about one year, when it was sold to Henry Trump and Henry Schell, who carried it on about one year, when it exploded and was discontinued. Near the same place, in 1831, a second powdermill was erected by Henry Kemmerer, and was continued for a few years.

Several explosions took place,

which three lives were lost,— two negroes and one German, Lewis Eeiter. At the same time and place a store was also kept by Kemmerer. About the year 1834 he sold out to Christopher Schu-

in

who discontinued

the powder-mill and store and same place a wool-carding mill and a casinet-factory, which he continued for several years, and sold to the Indian Creek Mining Company, which corporation sold, in 1852, to Solomon Moyer, who sold, in 1869, to Stahl & Co. They discontinued the woolen-mills and factory and erected a stave-mill, which they sold two years later to Nathan Stahl, who

bert,

401

erected on the

new saw-mill, with steam-engine (in 1874). These were continued until December, 1882, at which time they were totally destroyed by tire. In 1883, Mr. Stahl built on the same place a new grist- and saw-mill, which is still in operation. A pottery was erected here by -Charles Stahl, and continued over twenty years. Vera Cruz. This is a village in Upper Milford, containing one tavern, one post-office, one general store, one shoe-store, one carriage-shop, one creamery, and twenty-two dwelling-houses, situated on Fetterman's Creek and on the crossing of two principal public roads, one leading from " the King's highroad" to Emaus and AUentown, and the other leading from Shimersville to Saucon township. It is about eight miles southwest from AUentown. Of the beginning of this village but little is known. The ground on which the village is located was taken up in 1738 by John Baumgartner, who sold to Gabriel erected a

—

Koehler one hundred acres, who sold in 1758 to Felix Huber, who sold to Christian Fischer. This Christian Fischer kept a store or shop on or near the site of the present Vera Cruz previous to the year 1763. In the year 1786, John Fischer, son of Christian Fischer, was licensed to keep tavern at the place now called Vera Cruz, and continued keeping tavern for nearly thirty years, until about 1815. His son, Jacob Fischer, also kept the house a few years. 26

About the

John

;

derfer, the present landlord.

The following persons M. & J. H. Schelly;

also kept store here: 1860-64, J.

1864-67, P. G. Schelly

;

1867-77,

Erdman & Schwartz

1877-84, Francis Schwartz.

The

greatest part of the buildings of this village

have been erected since I860. Under the administration of President James Buchanan there was a postoiBce established in Vera Cruz, and Charles Bernhard appointed postmaster. He was in office until 1862 from 1862-64, John M. Schelly was postmaster from 1864-67, P. G. Schelly was postmaster. In the year 1867, Francis Schwartz, the present postmaster, was ;

appointed.

Vera Cruz Station

is

a small village and station on

the Perkiomen Railroad, and on the public road lead-

ing from old Vera Cruz village to Lanark, in Saucon,

about one mile northeast from Vera Cruz.

It contains

and feed-store, station-house, and telegraph-office. Most of the buildings have been erected since 1875. J. Hatsking has been the landlord for over eight years. Daniel Klein is the proprietor of the Coal-yard and feed-store. Sig'mund Post-Office. This post-office is located near the old Hampton Furnace, in the Perkiomen five dwelling-houses, a hotel, coal-yard

—

Valley, in

Upper

from said furnace

Milford, on the public road leading to Perryville, in

Berks County.

It

was established at the store of F. N. Gery, at that place, in 1872, and Peter Faust was appointed postmaster.

He

is still

in office.

This post-office receives

mails by a route from Zionsville to Sieszholtzville three times a week.

CHAPTER XXX. SALISBURY TOWNSHIP.i Salisbury

lies

in the southeastern part of the

bounded on the north by the Lehigh Eiver and Whitehall, on the east by Northampton County, on the south and west by Upper Saucon, Upper Milford, and Macungie. The surface is generIn the southern part, and forming its ally rolling. boundary, is the Lehigh or South Mountain, and in county, and

is

1

By ProfeBBor

J. 0.

KnauBS.

:

.

HISTOKY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

402 the northeastern part

i3

Ostrom's Eidge.

Bottom-

lands border the river, affording a fine field for the

who has made

agiuculturist,

tages here afforded him.

the most of the advan-

Excellent farms are also to

be seen on the uplands at the foot of South Mountain. On the 20th of March, 1753, a number of persons living in the territory along the Lehigh River, above Bethlehem, united in a petition to the Court of Quarter Sessions of Northampton County, asking that a new township be set off. This petition was presented to the court on the 20th of May, at the same time

with Whitehall and Weissenberg. action

The

court took

upon the matter on the 9th of June, 1753. The

following

is

from record of the court of that date

"The Petition of Divers Persons, Inhabitants of a tract of Land about 8 miles long and three miles broad. Bounded on one side by the West branch of Delaware, and on the other sides by the respective townships of Lower and Upper Saucon, Upper Milford, Macungie, and Whitehall, Praying that the same may be laid out into a township, to be called Salisbury,' was allowed." At the October term of court in that year Adam Blank was appointed constable, and on the 16th day of September, 1755, Peter Bogert was chosen as con-

The

stable.

justices of the peace of the township

from that time to 1840

will

be found in the general

history.

The

following

a copy of the assessment

is

made

by the commissioners of Northampton County, Dec. 27, 1781 (George Libert collector; amount of tax, £150 1«. 6d.) :

Peter Naglo.

Peter Weaver.

George

Andrew Walb. Abraham Ziegler.

John

Ott.

Ritter.

Martin Ritter.

Conrad Bry.

Caspar Ritter. Francis Road.

Adam Turney. John Turney.

Andrew Eisenhard.

Henry Rinsheimer. Henry Ruch.

John Trexler. John Griesomer.

Ulrich Suuderecker.

Matthias Shiner.

George Glich.

Frederick Stubert.

Frederick Romig.

Bernet Straub,

John Rothrock.

Widow

Caspar Shenbruch.

Shitz.

Andrew Winner.

George Stoderbach. Jacob Spinner. John Snyder. Samuel Uttling.

Jacob Kolb.

Andrew

Caspar Weaver,

Jacob Mickly. Henry Bergy.

Frederick Winsh.

Adam

Wieder.

Bastiau Wendling.

Adam seven

G. Blank and Francis Road were assessed for Jacob Gissinger for eight pounds;

poundrt;

Peter Boger,

Henry Keck, each

The

following

names are found on record

Salisbury township, with

number

Adam

G. Blank.

Levari

Abraham.

Henry Heiaer. Henry Heimbach

Stephen Deal.

Abraham Knouse. Leonard Knorr. George Keck. John Keck,

Stophel Erhbach.

John Edelman.

Andrew Keck. Henry Kemmerer. Marks Keeffer.

Nicholaa Bveroth.

Widow

Erhard.

David Eshenbach.

Widow Henry

Finck.

Laurence Kline. Valentine Kaup. Jacob Knouse. John Knouse. Henry Knouse. William Line. Hubrick Lihr. George Leibert. Martin Leibert. William Lohr. Jacob Merckle. William Moritz. George Meyer.

Fetter.

Peter Finch. Christian Gees.

George Gangwair. Felix Good.

John Gerhard.

Andrew

Gering,

George Grosh. Philip Gunther. ChriBtian Gemot.

John Gernet. John Hartman.

There

no doubt but that the original Tiame of the township was Salzherg,a6 this was almost if not quite a German settlement. The name appears, however, in all the court lecords of 1753, the year of its organiis

This

accounted for by the courts being English and the recording clerk wrote the English word Salisbu7ij instead of the zation, as Salisburij.

German

Balzherg.

is

of acres and date Acres.

Abraham Transue, March

Jacob Dershum.

as those

Frederick Basserman, Dec, 7, 1757 Philip Boehm, June 4, 1789 Christopher Eschbach, May 18,1790 George Hoffman, Feb, 10, 1747 Conrad Hertzel, Jan. 5, 1750 John Kurtz, Feb. 20, 1755 Benedict Niedingler, Aug. 30, 1794 Jacob Rickey, March 1, 1747 Johannes Ran n, Oct. 18,1750 Henry Rickey, Dec. 28, 1752

George Holshoe-.

Conrad Boch.

all

of warrant:

William Albert.

Peter Blank.

pounds;

of persons having taken out warrants for land in

William Raup, March 13, 1786 George Spahn, Oct. 24, 1762

David Heisaer. George Haarman. Joseph Koon. Henry Keck,

for five

others on lower amounts.

Michael Hittle.

Jacob Boger.

Lewis.

George Dutt. Jacob Raushenberger.

Mattliiaa Albert.

Peter Boger.

1

:

George Weiss, April

1,

30,

81 25

4 63 130 51 33 130 91

84 21

51 150

1736

1773

72

In the assessment made in the year 1781, Stophel is the only one given of those whose names appear above. (Christopher) Eshbach

The following

is

a copy of an assessment

made by

the commissioners of Northampton for the township of Salisbury for the year 1812 Jijfcu

Thomas

Bogert.

Abraham Bidleman. Jacob Buchecker. George Bieber.

Henry

Henry Beirie. Henry Bauer.

Fetter.

Jacob Fox.

John Beirey. Jacob Braiig. Michael Bauer,

Everrett.

William Espelling.

Peter Fink.

John •

Fetter.

George Gernet.

John Gernet.

Jacob Christ.

George Adam Klein. George Geisa. George Geissinger.

John Deaterich.

Philip Gross.

Stephen Dool. George Deiley.

John Goebel. John Gering.

Tobias Barnet.

Christian Dutt.

Christian Gernet.

John Diehl.

Daniel Gross.

Itaniel Diehl.

John Hutchinson.

Jacob Diehl.

Christian Heiberger.

Israel Dool.

George Henry.

Christian Deiley.

John Horlacher.

George Ehrich.

Abraham Horlacher.

George Eshbach. John Eshbach. Jacob Ehrenhord.

Jacob Horlacher.

George Heist. Joseph Just,

Jr.

SALISBUKY TOWNSHIP. Joseph Jost.

William Reinbold.

Philip Krauss,

Nicholas Rommel.

Frederick Kocher. Jacob Kachline.

John

John Keck.

David Sholl. Rudolph Smith.

Peter Kline. Kline.

Stoffle

Thomas Penn, March

Spinner.

John Stuber.

Jacob Knauss.

William Stuber. Daniel Seigfried.

Henry Kemmerer. Martin Kemmerer. Andrew Keck, Sr. Andrew Keck, Jr.

John Snyder, John Snyder,

Sr. Jr.

George Single.

Nicholas Kleckner.

John Spinner. Jeremiah Shiffert.

George Keiffer.

Adam

This land was part of five thousand acres assigned by warrant from John Thomas and Richard Penn to

Ritter.

Abraham

Klein.

Michael Klein.

Jacob Spinner. David Spinner.

Philip Klein.

Jacob Shnyder.

Daniel Klein.

Henry Henry

Solomon Keck. Henry Keck. John Kemmer. John Knauss.

Suttler. Shiffert.

Jacob Shiffert. Conrad Stare. Jacob Sheaver.

Joseph Klewell. John Knauss. Joseph Knauss. George Keck. Casper Kleckner.

Christian Stump.

Peter Shitz.

Peter Schlecter.

John Klewell.

Michael Streibich. Peter Swager. Samuel Toon.

William Kruver.

Adam

Adam

George Uberroth.

18, 1732, and assigned the same day to Joseph Turner, who, on the 10th of September, 1735, assigned to William Allen two hundred acres, i^ being "a tract of land situated on the south side of the west branch of the Delaware, above Moore's place." The land "was holden of the proprietaries as part of their manor of Pernor, or the Dry Lands, in free and common socage on paying in lieu of all other services to them or their successors at the town of Easton on the first day of March annually one silver shilling for each hundred acres.'' Solomon Jennings purchased this land of William Allen, in the spring of 1736, and settled upon it. He was living here at the time he was chosen as one of the walkers for the walking purchase. He died in 1757, and it was not until June 1, 1764, that title was secured. At that time a deed was made by William Allen to John Jennings, Isaac Jennings, and Nich-

Martin Bitter. Hartman Reinhard.

Leonard Geiger. Matthias Greiling.

Solomon Jennings. It is reSolomon Jennings did in his lifetime agree with William Allen for the said two hundred acres, and paid £131 lis." Solomon Jennings built a stone house on the oite of the old farm-house on the Jacob Geisinger farm. It was torn down in 1855, and the present brick house erected on its site. An old stone barn is also on the premises, which was built by the Jennings family. He was commissioner of Northampton County in 1755. Solomon Jennings died Feb. 15, 1757, and is buried on the farm with other members of the family. He had two sons ^John and Isaac and one daughter, who became the wife of Nicholas Scull, an innkeeper, of Bucks County. John Jennings, his son, was sheriff of Northampton County from 1762 to

Simon Reinsmith.

Frederick Winsh.

1768.

Jacob Reise. Ludwig Reinbold.

Abraham Neuhard.

After the title to this tract was obtained it was exposed to public sale, and was purchased by Jacob Geisinger, yeoman, of Saucon township, together with one hundred and sixty-four acres additional, for fifteen hundred pounds Pennsylvania currency, which purchase was confirmed by deed bearing date June 1, 1764. Jacob Geisinger came from Germany, with his parents, when very young, and settled at Upper Saucon. He had been married some years before purchasing this land, and it is thought he moved to this farm soon after the death of Mr. Jennings, as George Geisinger, the oldest son, was born here in 1758. Jacob Geisinger married a Boehman, and lived here all his married life, and died at the

Laudenslager.

Uberroth,

Martin Leibert. Solomon Lukes. Joseph Line.

Nicholas Uberroth.

John Line.

Peter Waldman,

Martin Lazerous. France Ludwig.

Jacob Wild.

David Uberroth. George Wetzgar.

Jacob Weil. George Weber.

John Moritz. John Meyer.

Christian Nagle.

John Wagener. John Weider. Peter Weber. Philip Weber.

Widow

Frederick Winsh.

George Meyer.

Sam Mas teller. Nagle.

John Kese.

Abraham Wormau.

Martin Ritter.

George Yohe.

Henry

Abraham

Ritter.

Ziegler.

Single Freemen.

Michael Fink. Henry Bower.

George Moritz. Jacob Reese.

John Bower.

Christian Klewell.

Peter Graver.

John Rau, Ludwig Reinbold.

John Spinner. John Reinbold. David Geissinger. Samuel Masteller.

Jacob Sutor. Daniel Ritter.

Henry

Peter Slyter.

William Dool.

Masteller.

Jacob Fox.

Adam

Abraham

Benjamin Keck,

Stare.

Unseated

of

403

Nagle.

lands. sixty-five different names.

Many names will be found in the lists here given whom no information whatever can be obtained.

Efforts

to obtain accounts of the old

have been made whose descendants are

families

still

in the

township

olas Scull, executors of

cited in this deed that "

—

—

age of eighty-six years. He built the long stone still standing on the lower place, which has in the cross-piece over the large doors the date 1781. A

barn

Sketches of a few are here given. Early Settlements —The first settler in the limits of what is now Salisbury was Solomon Jennings. He selected a tract of two hundred acres of land in a

stone stepping-stone, fancifully carved, and

bend of the Lehigh River.

a corner stone.

or county.

use,

has the date 1775 cut upon

it.

still

in

There are two

stone walls, one inclosing the house-yard, with 1799 cut in a large stone, and the other with 1800 cut

The

upon

old house was built of stone.

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUiNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

404 two

stories liigh,

and seventy

feet in

length.

Anna

The

Catharine, the mother of these children, died

Her descendants were

children of Jacob Geisinger were George and Jacob.

June

The

ninety-one grandchildren and thirty-six great-grand-

scendants

On

Lower Saucon, where

latter settled in

his de-

May,

1799.

children.

reside.

still

the 6th of

26,

1792, Jacob Geisinger the elder

as follows:

Seventy-three of the former and thirty-two

of the latter were living at the time of her death.

Heinrich Knauss was born Nov.

sold to his son, George, the following tracts of land

22, 1741,

and on

Anna Maria

adjoining: two hundred acres (the original tract of

the 22d April, 1766, was married to

Solomon Jennings), one hundred and sixty-four acres, one hundred and eight acres, and thirty acres, comprising five hundred and two acres. George settled on this homestead farm, and in the old house married Christina Hoatman, of Upper Saucon, and died in Jacob 1822, aged sixty-four years. He had two sons, and George. Jacob was born in July, 1798, and

Ehrenhard. They had thirteen children, of whom was Jacob, born Nov. 20, 1777. His son, Henry, born July 12, 1812, now resides on the farm of his grand-

in the Palatinate.

married and settled on the original homestead.

the

—

In

1832 he built a brick house on the upper farm, where his son-in-law,

William Horlacher, now

resides,

in 1859 the brick house a short distance below,

where he now

lives.

The Geisinger farm

and and

at present

contains over seven hundred acres.

There was no road along the river until 1832. A ford was at a place near the old house, and a road crossed the mountain through Salisbury to the Emaus road, which was laid out in 1760.

father.

Catharine was born April 10, 1743, and married Conrad Ernst, who emigrated from Wold Angelloch,

In 1769 they were in possession of farm on the south bank of the Lehigh, leased by the Moravians. Later they moved to Nazareth. Anna Maria was born April 15, 1744, and married first

Tobias Moyer, of Heidelberg.

Johannes was born Nov. 6, 1748. He married Catharine Eomig, and settled on the home farm, near Emaus, now owned by Edwin Kline, of Allentown. J.

Owen Knauss and William H. Knauss

Joseph was born Oct. 11, 1750 was a wheelwright by occupation. He married Magdalena Boekel, of Heidelberg, and emigrated to North Carolina. Elizabeth was born Jan. 29, 1753. She married John Frederick Eomig, who was a miller near Emaus. ;

Jacob Geisinger, who was. born in 1798, is still living, and says that when about eleven years of age he attended school at Eittersville, which was taught by Joseph Rose, a Moravian. He was a pupil there for one month, and crossed the river in a canoe which was about twenty feet long. He was the only one from this side of the river who attended school He remembers that John Heller and at Hitters ville. Daniel Broder were fellow-pupils. George Geisinger, son of George and brother of Jacob, purchased a tract of land in Hanover of the Moravians, and settled there. Mrs. Owen Mack, who

now

resides upon it, is a descendant. About the year 1723 two brothers, John Heinrich and Sebastian Heinrich Knauss, emigrated to America. They were natives of Titlesheim, in Germany, and were the sons of Ludwig Knauss. John was born in June, 1712, and died in 1761. He settled in Bucks

County. Sebastian Heinrich was born in 1714, and died on Feb. 26, 1777. He married, Jan. 1, 1741, Anna Cath-

Abraham Fransue. She was born March 6, 1722, and emigrated to this

Abraham was born March 1, 1755. He was a blacksmith, and settled four miles from Bethlehem, on the Dry Lands. Jacob was born June 26, 1757. He was a farmer, and married Eosina Corr. John Ludwig was born May 19, 1759. He was a blacksmith, settled first at Schoeneck, and later emigrated to Ohio. He married Maria Magdalena Klein.

Philip was born in October, 1767, died in 1789.

Magdalena was born Sept. 3, 1761, and married Joseph Clewell, who lived at Emaus.

Anna Johanna was born on 1765,

resided at Schoeneck.

From

these children of Sebastian

Catharine Knauss

in the Pfaltz,

numerous and that

country with her parents in the year 1730. The settlement at Bethlehem was commenced in 1741, and in 1742 a Moravian mission was established

what

is

now Emaus.

Sebastian H. Knauss, then

just married, settled about half a mile from the mission, on a tract of land he had purchased. He was one of the founders of the church at that place, and

lived there

till

They had

his death, in 1777.

—

Heinrich, Catharine, Maria, Johannes, Joseph, Elizabeth, Abraham, Jacob, John Ludwig, Philip, Magdalena,

Leonard,

thirteen children,

Anna

Anna Johanna.

the 13th of March,

and married George Clewell, a shoemaker, who

arine, daughter of

at

are grand-

sons of Johannes.

It

is

it is

H. and Anna

seen that the descendants are

it is

impossible to follow them.

sufficient to say that in every

township and borcounty the name is found, and in most cases the line of descent can be traced to this branch. Abraham Transue, the father of Anna Catharine Knauss, came to this country from the Pfaltz in 1730,

ough

in the

and on the 30th of JIarch, 1736, he took out a warrant for one hundred and fifty acres of land lying in Salisbury township. It is not known how many or who his sons were, but the

name

is still

extant in North-

ampton County. Martin Eitter was a native of Upper Milford townwhere he lived until he arrived at manhood. He

ship,

:

;

SALTSBUKY TOWNSHIP. married Margaret Steininger, and, about 1750, purchased seven or eight hundred acres of land in what is

now Salisbury township. This land is now owned by B., Reuben B., Reuben K., and Hiram Ritter,

Solomon

Milton Appel, and Benneville Fenstermacher. He died about 1826. and left six sons and one daughter,— Henry, Martin, John, Daniel, Jacob, Michael, and Margaret,— Mrs. Solomon Klein, now of Allentown,

and who is the only one living. The sons all settled on the original tract and died there at advanced ages. Their sons and daughters now living are as follows Henry Ritter, Rebecca (Mrs. Peter Klein), and Sally (Mrs. Peter Keck) are of the family of Henry. Of Martin's family, Reuben B., Jacob B., Elizabeth, Sally, Anna, Solomon B. reside in Allentown. John B., Martin B., of South Whitehall, and Charles B., of Whitehall. Mary Ann (Mrs. Jacob Laudenslager) resides in Emaus. John's family are Reuben K., in Salisbury, Daniel, Upper Milford, Martin, in South Bethlehem, Elizabeth (Mrs. Joseph Kern), of Upper Milford, Matilda, and Mary Ann, Allentown. in Allentown, Levi, in

Daniel's family are Gideon, of Emaus, Daniel, of Bethlehem, Joel, in Coopersburg, Eliza (Mrs. Roham Shuler), Rebecca (Mrs. John Seems). Jacob had a son, Nathan, who resides in Macungie

township.

Michael's family: his wife

is still living and resides Angelina (Mrs. Addison Mory), Amanda (Mrs. Jacob Hildebeitel), Aravesta, an unmarried daughter, reside in the township Benjamin resides in Macungie, Tilghman in Lower Milford, Wilson in Pennsburg, Sylvanus in Emaus.

in Salisbury

;

;

The

of the family of

first

Kemmerer

to settle in

Salisbury was T. Kemmerer, a native of Wiirtemberg,

who took up Kemmerer,

who was

land, about 1744,

his grandson.

now owned by Martin

Later, Heinrich, his son,

assessed in 1781, took

up a large

a mile long, extending from his

tract nearly

first tract

southwest

His sons were Jacob, His Henry, and Martin.

over to the Little Lehigh.

John, Adam, daughters became wives of George,

and 1.

Jacob

settled

Reinhart,

on the line between Bucks and

Montgomery Counties, and died 2.

Bortz,

Ritter.

George

settled

in 1828.

on part of the large

tract,

and

near the Little Lehigh. He died in 1845, aged eightysix years. He had two children,— George and Lydia. George lived at Emaus, and died in 1883, aged eightyLydia became the wife of Lawrence five years. Klein. They settled on part of the homestead of the Kleins. in 1845, 3. John settled on Cedar Creek, and died aged eighty years. His son, Solomon, now lives on the place, aged eighty-four years. A daughter (Mrs. Gangwere) resides in Whitehall township. Whitehall, and 4. Adam settled in what is now (George) and sou A years. aged eighty 1860, died in

a daughter (Mrs.

Minnich) now

live in Whitehall.

5.

Henry

405

settled

on part of the large tract near

Emaus, and died about 1855, aged eighty-three years. Two daughters (Mrs. Snyder and Mrs. Larrich) both settled in Northampton County. Samuel, a son, settled on the homestead, where he lived many years, and moved to Allentown, and died in 1879, aged sixty-four years. 6.

Martin, the youngest son, lived on the home-

stead of his father ford (Upper),

till

1820,

and lived there

aged seventy-six years. daughter,

— Philip, David,

when he moved till

to Mil-

his death, in 1854,

He

left six sons and one Henry, Solomon, Martin,

Daniel, and Maria.

Philip and David emigrated to Ohio.

Henry, in 1854, was on his way to Iowa to settle, and was killed on the route. Solomon settled on the homestead in Upper Milford, and died in January, 1864. Martin settled on the homestead in Salisbury in 1843, and lived there till 1867, when he moved to Allentown, where he now resides. Daniel settled in Upper Milford, and now resides there.

Maria became the wife of Adam Laudenslager, and settled in Zionsville. Henry Keck was a native of Upper Pfalls, Bavaria. He left his home, with his wife (Peterson), of Holland, on board the English ship " Clyde," and had to take the oath of allegiance to George II. before he landed in Philadelphia, Oct. 17, 1732. When he reached there he and his wife were sold as redemptioners for their passage-money to a man in Chester County, and served the time agreed upon, about three or four years. After this he came to what is now Lehigh County, and settled on the tract which later he purchased, and which is still in the hands of his descendants. This tract of one hundred acres was warranted by Joseph Zimmerman, June 21, 1734. It was adjoining land of William Allen. The title was in Zimmerman until Dec. 20, 1753, when in consideration of eighteen pounds he conveyed the tract to Henry Keck, who received, on payment of £15 10s., a patent for the land with King George II. 's seal attached, and signature of James Hamilton, Governor of the Province, dated March 19, 1754.^ When he came to this place, about 1740, there was a clearing and a log house, log barn, and apple-or-

—

chard. About ten or fifteen years after the purchase he built a two-story atone house, which stood till 1818, and was torn down by his grandson, Solomon Keck, who built a stone house on the site, and which is still standing and owned by Moses Keck. When Henry Keck came here, and for several years after, all his grist was taken to White Marsh, Sandy Run, Montgomery Co. The children of Henry Keck were Andrew, and a Frederick, Henry, John, daughter, who married a man by the name of Berger ,

1

This patent

is

in possession of Charles Keck, of Allentown.

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

406 they moved West. Carolina, and are

went to South Frederick and Henry married and settled in

of the old Bieber tract.

Salisbury township, on the Little Lehigh, where his descendants still live. John married a daughter of

Nicolaus Uberoth, of Salisbury, and settled on the He died young, left three children,

old homestead.

who came

to

Allentown, and whose descendants are after John's death, purchased

Andrew,

there.

still

seventy-six years.

,

lived on the old farm

till

his death, in

The

part of the homestead which contained the saw- and grist-mill his

eighty-six years.

;

;

Lawrence Klein.

name

of

This was doubtless a father or

brother of Christopher Klein,

who

about that time. Christopher was in possession of two tracts of land on the Little Lehigh Eiver, one of one hundred and sixty-five acres, on which he lived, the other, adjoining, of one hundred acres. He left two sons, Lawrence and Eeuben. Lawrence was born in 1795 and died in 1882, leaving three sons and three settled there

—

Of

died in 1881, aged

his children,

;

ty-eight years of age.

assessment-roll of 1781 contains the

He

father built.

Solomon E. and Tilghman are in Allentown, Gideon in Macungie, and Mrs. Daniel Berrier resides in Bethlehem. Daniel remained on the homestead till 1864, when he removed to Allentown, where he still resides. Nicholas Uberoth and John Adam Uberoth settled in Salisbury township after 1781 John on the farm where Mrs. Catharine Uberoth now resides. In 1812 he

May,

mon, Andrew, John, Jacob, David, and Charles two daughters, Maria, wife of Solomon Knauss Elizabeth, wife of William Horlocher. With the exception of Andrew, who went to Indiana, they all settled in Salisbury and Allentown. Of these, Charles is the only one living, and now resides in Allentown, seven-

The

children of Daniel were Solomon, Daniel, and

a daughter, who became the wife of Henry Eitter. She resides in the township. Solomon lived on that

1828, seventy-six years of age, leaving George, Solo-

—

lived to the age of eighty

About the year 1790, Philip Klein came to Salisbury from Goshenhoppen, and settled on land now owned by Daniel Klein, the grandson of Philip. He had two sons, Daniel and Solomon, both of whom Daniel died in settled on the land of their father. 1848, aged sixty years, and Solomon in 1869, aged

married Barbara, the daughter of George Blank, and settled there. Henry Keck bought before his death, in 1828, about four hundred acres of land adjoining him. The farms are now owned by Moses Keck, Jesse Keck, John Appel, Phaon Diehl, and Eobert Dubbs. Frederick, and Andrew were in the Revolutionary war,— battles of Germantown and Brandywine. In the war of 1812-15, George, son of Andrew, was in Peter Euch's cavalry company, and George was second lieutenant; John and David were in Capt. Abraham Rinker's company.

the homestead,

Andrew

He

and left two sons, David and Jonathan, who lived on the homestead, and died, leaving the propPolly, a sister erty to Charles Schmoyer, a nephew. of David and Jonathan, is now eighty-seven years of age, and resides on the place. Another sister married John Schmoyer. They also settled on the farm. Their son, Charles, owns the property. years,

lost.

j

gave his land in the township to Adam, George,.Nicholas, and David Uberoth. John Adam Uberoth had three sons, Solomon, Adam, and Jacob. Solomon married Catharine, a daughter of George Geisinger, who lived on the Geisinger farm, on the south bank of the Lehigh Eiver. They settled on the farm of John

—

Adam she

Uberoth, where he lived and died, and where

still resides.

Adam

lived single,

and died

at the

daughters.

homestead. Jacob settled as a farmer at Friedensville, and owned the farm on which zinc was discovered. Of the daughters of John Adam, Elizabeth became

man

the wife of William Markle,

Edwin Tilghman and Benjamin F. Tilghhomestead tract. Edwin and Benjamin F. live in Allentown. The daughters are Helena (Mrs. John Heinly), Lydia (Mrs. William Larrich), and Mary (Mrs. John Hottenstine). reside on the

Benjamin F. Klein owns the farm in Salisbury that in 1781 and 1812 was assessed to Henry Fetter. Eeuben, the brother of Lawrence, resides in Allen-

tian Gies, Catharine

Hannah married

Chris-

became Mrs. Jacob Moore, and

Mary married Joseph Gauf, who settled in Saucon. The Line family were early settlers in Salisbury, and

in 1781,

William Line was

the east end, and on the farm

He

Gicss.

in the township, near

now owned by Daniel

died about 1792, and had three sons

town.

— Joseph, John, and Valentine — and three daughters,

Bieber, after 1781, settled on the Little Lehigh Eiver, near the Salisbury Church, purchasing a large

—Mrs.

tract of land,

which

is

now owned by Henry

Bieber,

Charles Schmoyer, Charles Yohe, and Daniel Biery.

He

had two

sons,

Abram married

Abram and

George.

a daughter of

Abraham Griesemer,

settled on the homestead, and died young, leaving two sons, Solomon and Abraham. The latter emigrated to Ohio, and Solomon remained at home, where he died. His son, Henry, occupies the farm. George, brother of Abraham, married a daughter of a Mr. Klein, of Weissenberg, and settled on part

—

Christian Kaucher, Mrs. Henry Hemmick, and Mrs. Frederick Kocher. Joseph settled near his father's place, and died there, leaving Jesse M. and Levi Line, of Allentown, and five sisters,— Maria

(Mrs. Charles Beers, settled in the township), Susan (Mrs. Straub, of Northampton County), Mrs. Jesse Shafer, of Allentown, Pauline (Mrs. William F. Miller,

hem.

of Allentown), Mrs. J. J. Hofl'man, of BethleJohn, brother of Joseph, settled near his

brother,

and died

bury,

a daughter.

is

County and died

Mrs. Charles Diely, of SalisValentine moved to Luzerne

there.

there.

— ;

;

SALISBURY TOWNSHIP. Jacob Merkle was assessed on property in Salisbury He lived in Bucks County, near Quakertown. His son, William, was born there about 1793, and about 1813 came to Salisbury, and settled on the property part of which is now'owned by Jacob Moritz. William Markle died in 1872, and left six children,— Jacob, Juliana (Mrs. Solomon Boehm), Mary (Mrs. David Sheetz), Eeuben, Adam, and Diana (Mrs. Josiah Siegers). Of these, Eeuben and Mrs. David in 1781.

407

Daniel, settled in the township, and died on the Gro-

man

homestead.

Early Eoads.— In the year 1753 the road from Bethlehem to Macungie was laid out, and passed through the south part of the township. In December, 1756, the following action of the

Sessions was recorded ants of

:

Court of Quarter

" Petitions of divers inhabit-

Upper Milford and Salisbury townships

for

a

road from Sebastian Knows's to and through Bethle-

Sheetz now live in the township. A family by the name of Stout were settled on the farm now owned by Eeuben Spinner before 1768. In that year Jacob Spinner came from Philadelphia, attracted by the shad-fisheries in the Lehigh Eiver. He married one of the daughters of the Stout family, and in 1781 his name appears on the assessment-list.

hem

He settled on the Stout farm. He had four sons, Jacob, Abram, David, and John. They all settled in

and the court refused to confirm the original. was not laid out until 1760, and is now the road to Emaus. In 1760 also a road was laid out to " Solomon Jenney's Plantation." A road was later laid across the hill which connected with the fording-place across the Lehigh, near the old Griesemer farm-house. This passed through Eittersville and Shoenersville. At the first term of court held in Lehigh County, Dec. 21, 1812, there was presented a petition of the inhabitants of the upper end of Salisbury township tor a road "to begin at the public road leading from Etnaus to Allentown thence from said road to Martin Eitter's tavern, a southeasterly course up a valley and near to the top of Lehigh hill, to intersect the public road leading to Philadelphia at Nicholas Kreamer's lot of land. Abraham Griesemer, Peter Dorney (saddler), John Grobel, Jonathan Knauss, John Horlacher, and Goddard Morey, were appointed viewers to examine and lay out." On the 24th of February, 1813, a petition was pre-

the township. Jacob settled where John Miller now owns his family all emigrated. Adam settled where Edwin Miller now lives; his family all died in early life. David settled where Addison Morey— whose wife is a granddaughter now lives. John settled on the Stout farm, and married Susan Walton. He was born in 1777, and died in 1869, aged ninety-two years. He left two children, Eeuben, who owns the homestead, and Mrs. Solomon Diehl, who lives adjoining. The old Stout house is still standing, and is ;

—

—

probably the oldest in the township. In the assessment-roll of 1781 appears the name of Later, Philip Giess was a resident, on the road from Salisbury to Emaus. In the year 1806 he built the taveru known as Salisbury Square Hotel. He had two sons, Solomon and David. Solomon lived and died on the homestead. David now owns the property. The tavern is kept by Mrs. George Gauf, who is a daughter of David. A distillery was built many years ago on the place and in operation. It was rebuilt in 1862, but not again

Christian Giess.

living

—

Easton was allowed, and Adam Shaler, Lewis Klots, and John Okely, or any four of them, are appointed to view and, if they see occasion, to lay out the said road, and to make return thereof and an exact plan to the next court after the same is laid." Counter-petitions were presented at the June court, to the road leading to

Sebastian Knows, Francis Eoth,

1757, It

;

sented to the court setting forth that the road lately

from the public road leading from Emaus Martin Eitter's tavern over the Lehigh hill, was totally unnecessary, and (if confirmed by the court) would-be extremely burdensome to the inhabitants of said township at large, and praying the court to appoint other viewers to the road and report. Other viewers were appointed, who made a report on the 4th of May, the same year, in which they declared they had laid out a road. This action was confirmed by the court on that day. On. Sept. 5, 1815, viewers appointed in May last to view and lay out a road reported road laid out. Belaid out

to Allentown, near

opened.

William Moritz came from Germany before 1781, as he is assessed on real estate. He had a son, John, who also settled in the township. John had three sons, Daniel, David, and John George. Daniel was born in 1800, and settled on the farm of his father David, now living, was born in 1803, and settled near the homestead, where he still resides. John George in that year

—

Saucon township. Daniel Diehl came to Salisbury township from Upper Saucon, and settled on the Lehigh Mountain, where Winfield Butz now lives, about 1790. He was at that time married. His sons were John, Jacob, and Abram. In 1812, Daniel, John, and Jacob were all John settled on the homestead and died assessed. settled in

ginning at the Emaus and Bethlehem road, near the house of Martin Eitter, Jr., in Salisbury township running into the public road leading from the borough

Solomon Diehl, his there, eighty-seven years of age. son, now lives in the township. Mrs. Solomon Mowry, of Upper Saucon, and Mrs. Joseph Eoth, of Allen-

Northampton to the city of Philadelphia, near the runhouse of Jacob Kaechline, in said township ning through land of Martin Eitter, along land of John Kemmerer, Andrew Keck, John Wagner, and

Abram, son of Daniel Diehl, Columbia County, Pa. Jacob, also son of

Jacob Warman; and to vacate part of a public road, beginning at the bridge of David Deshler's mill-race,

town, are daughters. settled in

of

;

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

408

and from thence into road leading from Emaus to Bethlehem, at or near the corner of Henry Bitter's fence, in said township.

This

mentioned as vacated is recited

last road

in the

order as having been laid out in 1770, and is noticed as being " useless, inconvenient, and burthensome."

At August

session, 1818, viewers

appointed at pre-

vious court reported road laid out from mill-dam of

James Wilson,

Esq., in Salisbury township, to inter-

sect public road leading

from borough of Northamp-

ton to Water Gap, near the house of Jacob Newhard, in South

November

Whitehall.

term,

report con-

firmed so far as relates to road from mill-dam of Wilson to borough of Northampton.

With the exception of the road from Allentown to Hellertown and from Emaus to Allentown, the dates of laying out have not been ascertained the roads here given are all the roads of any importance laid out before 1820. ;

Old Taverns.

— In the year 1763 there were no tav-

erns in Salisbury township.

The

Northampton County records

to

first shown by the have had license to keep tavern in the township are in 1786. At the June term of court Martin Eitter, Caspar Weaver, Christian Hummel, and George Krush were licensed. In 1818, William Gruber, Philip Giess, Lewis Christ, Martin Eitter, and Eudolph Smith were li-

censed.

The

old tavern-stand on the Mountain road, above

Keck in when he

the Idlewild Hotel, was established by John 1826-27, and kept by him eight or ten years,

His widow kept it for several years, and marHenry Wolf, who kept it till his death. His widow is still living, and the tavern is still kept by her. The tavern-stand between Allentown and Moundied.

ried

tainville

kept

it

was opened

many

son-in-law, is

in

who

1812 by George Keck,

when he was succeeded by his John Appel, whose son, John G. Appel, years,

the present proprietor.

Justices of the

Peace.— Prior

to 1840 the justices

having jurisdiction over this territory were elected by districts, and their names will be found in the civil list

of the general history.

present are here given Comnr

John D. Lawall

April

Those from 1840

to the

:

Commissioned. Jeremiah Roth May 11,1864: M. Kimnierer April 11, 1866 Obadiah Ueberoth... " 17, 1866 John M. Jacoby " 14, 1S68

Owfn KnausB W. H. Knauss John M. Jacoby J.

Charles B. Kline

W. H. Knauss C. A.

Gronian

" "

14, 1868 15, 1873

"

16, 1873

March

26, 1878

'

April

26,1878 6, 1883

History of the Salzburg Church-'— To write the history and enumerate the important facts of a church or congregation

whose organization antedates the recol-

lections of the oldest

more

members

is,

indeed, a task

;

the

however, when the missing links to complete the chronology of the same cannot be found and the so,

1

By Kev. Thomas N. Raber.

;

SALISBURY TOWNSHIP. thus used for a period of one hundred and nine years,

when, in 1850, an acre was purchased from Solomon Kline for two hundred dollars, which tract lies immediately opposite, on the other side of the road. In 1867 another acre adjoining the above was purchased for five hundred dollars from Solomon Kline, Jr., son of the above-named owner of lands, adjoining the church property. This tract was cut up into family burial-plots, which arc selling to-day at from twenty-five to forty dollars apiece.

All the lots are

409

names of quite a number of such were repeated. Finally, when the name of Leydich was mentioned, she threw up her head, her eyes brightened, and smiles covered her face while she said, "Oh, yes! Leydich, he was a good man.'' From 1771 to 1779, Rev. John George Witner (when he died) served this people; 1779-82, Conrad Steiner, Jr. In 1796 the church record shows that Rev. John

Henry Hoffmeier, tions,

pastor of neighboring congrega-

administered the

communion

in the spring of

sold,

and the congregations are negotiating for the purchase of an additional adjoining acre for the same

the year to thirty-one, and in the fall of the year to This small number owing twenty communicants.

purpose.

undoubtedly to the

In the spring of 1883 a small plot of little more than half an acre adjoining the lower burial-ground

pastor.

was bought from Eeuben Kratzer and forty dollars.

The

first

for

one hundred

pastor regularly serving the congregation

seems from the deed to have been Rev. John William

He was the first Lutheran pastor as far as is known. He was followed in 1754 to 1762 by Daniel Schumacher 1769-93, Jacob van Buskerk 1793-96, George Frederick Eligsen 1800-3, Eev. John Paul Ferdinand Kramer 1808-5, John George Roeller 1805-8, John Conrad Yeager October, 1808-17, Rev. Heiney 1817-19, Henry G. Stecher. In 1819 the third church was built, and Benjamin German became the pastor and preached first in the new church, and continued twenty-nine years, to 1848 when he died. His brother, William German, was unanimously elected as his successor, served only two years, when he also died. In 1852, Jacob Vogelbach became the pastor, who served until 1857, when William Rath succeeded him, and has continued from that time on to this day and Straub.

;

;

;

;

;

;

date to minister regularly to the people, extending

twenty-seven years. Although, as before stated, the first church was erected in 1741, yet we have no record of regular pasIf the congregation was tors on the Reformed side. " vagabond pastors," as served, it must have been by his pastorate to

was generally the case. Rev. Michael .'Schlatter, who from Holland for America as missionary in of June 27, 1746, mentions in his journal, under date day visthis on he which one as 1747, this church with two other ited, found vacant, and connected it that adjoining vacant congregations, with the hope set sail

services of a soon they would have the exclusive

regular pastor.

Philip 1748, until 1771, Rev. John shown Leydich served the people very acceptably, as death, her near who, lady by the testimony of an old 14th of June, the On excellency. his testified to the Trappe, in 1854 Mrs. Margaret Moser, living at and four hundred one aged Pa., Montgomery Co.,

From

Oct.

in

who was

this

do missionary work for the church. Rev. Daniel Zellers served the people faithfully for forty-two years as pastor, immediately succeeding his predecessor, Rev. Dechant, &nd continuing until May, 1857, when, on account of declining health, he retired from the active duties of the ministry.

following

country?

him

Rev. A.

J.

G. Dubbs

as successor to the ministry of the

congregation, continued as such until 1876, when the present pastorate began, the Rev. Thomas N.

—

Reber serving the congregation. Jerusalem Church.— Tradition says that over one hundred years ago a church stood on the site of the present one, that it was occupied many The years, fell into disuse, and was abandoned. graveyard that belonged to it is still in use. About the year 1843 the scattered people of the Lutheran and German Reformed congregations in this neighborhood reorganized. The Rev. Joshua Yeager became the pastor of the Lutherans, and served until Dec. 25, 1883, when he was succeeded by Professor Wackernagel, of Muhlenberg College, Allentown. This congregation numbers about one hundred and fifty members. For the German Reformed people the Rev. Max Stern served about two years, and was succeeded by the Rev. Simon K. Gross, Rev. A. J. G. Dubbs, Rev. D. F. Brendel, and in 1872 the present pastor, the Rev. N. Z. Snyder, took the charge, in connection with the First Reformed Church of South Bethlehem. This congregation numbers about one hundred

mem-

present stone church, forty by sixty feet, was erected about the time of reorganization. Jerusalem Sunday-school was organized about 1864,

bers.

The

largely through the efforts of J.

9,

baptized in infancy and confirmed was asked when fourteen years old by Mr. Leydich, oldest ministers the of any remembered whether she She remained silent while the years

fact that they had no regular 1808-15, Rev. Jacob William Dechant preached to these people regularly, when at the latter date he was sent by the Synod to the State of Ohio to

From

bott,

W.

Larash, John AbIt now has

Thomas Cope, and William Bower.

about seventy pupils, twelve officers, and ten teachers. President, George Shall; Secretary, E. Buchecker; Treasurer, Augustus Shall; Superintendent, J. W. Larash.

Union Sunday-school chapel was by the communicants at Huflferts Church. There is preaching here every two weeks by the Lutheran and German Reformed ministers. Washington

erected in 1872,

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

410

The Markle Union Sunday-school was organized Jan. 28, 1877, its prominent supporters being Reuben Markle, John A. Abbott, Thomas Cope, and William

Bower.

has at present sixteen

It

teachers,

and one hundred

Daniel Hiltinger

Secretary,

;

twenty

The present offiGroman President, Eeuben Markle; Treas-

pupils.

cers are: Superintendent, C. A.

urer,

officers,

;

William Bower.

Schools. schools.

— Originally

The

the township had very few

children living in the eastern part of

the township attended school at Bethlehem, those in the western part at

The school-house

Emaus and

Salisbury Church.

at this place dates with the erection

Those living in the central part of the township attended school at Allentown, while a few families living between Bethlehem and Allentown crossed the Lehigh River and attended school at of the church.

Rittersville, in

Hanover township.

Jacob Geisinger,

(See note about

relative to schools, about the year

1819.)

The

village of

Emaus formed

a part of this town-

ship until

half months. per

month

;

Average salary

for

for

male teachers, $33.42 Number of male

female teachers, $28.

pupils enrolled, 388 of female pupils, 313 total, 701. Per cent, of attendance, 88. Cost per pupil per month, ;

Number

75 cents.

;

of mills levied* for school pur-

Valuation of school property, $15,000. Mountainville. The land on which Mountainville is located was seventy years ago in possession of Rudolph Smith. A small log tavern was kept at that place many years, and until the present one was built, in 1856. A little before this time the Smith farm passed into possession of Charles Witman and Snyder, who laid a part of the farm out into lots and sold them, on which small dwellings were erected. Soon after the tavern was erected, in 1856, a postoffice was established, and Edwin Sell was appointed. After a year it was removed to another part of the township, where it remained but a short time, and was again returned and established with Reuben poses, IJ.

—

Kammerer, postmaster. He held the position until 1880, when the present postmistress, Miss Amanda

The

its incorporation into a borough. Markle's school-house was built about the year 1820, Ritter's,

Sheetz, was appointed.

and Eisenhard's between 1830 and 1840, SchoU's and Mountain about 1845. All these have been rebuilt since 1860, except Salisbury Church school-house and Mountain school-house. HofFord's school-house and the one called "Bethlehem Woods" were abandoned. The school-houses at Wieand's,

ducted by him. The hotel was built in 1856 by Snyder, and is now owned by Samuel Parsons.

Keek's, Jeter's, Aineyville, and Mountainville, with their districts, are of later formation. The oneroomed school-house at Aineyville was built in 1871,

named

HofTord's, Yost's,

and formed a new

sub-district.

In 1877 a two-story

brick

building, thirty-two by forty-two feet, was erected and two graded schools were established, the first of the kind in the township. In 1882 one of the large rooms

was divided and an additional graded

school formed.

A large two-story brick school-house was erected near Bethlehem in 1880. The house is called Jeter's school-house.

It contains

two rooms on the first floor Two graded schools were

and one on the second. formed and are in successful operation. At Mountainville a two-story brick house was erected during the summer of 1883, and two-graded schools were formed.

All these double, or two-story buildings are very complete in all their appointments.

carriage-factory was es-

tablished in 1874 by Walter Sheetz, and

Mountainville Evangelical Church.'

is still

con-

—The origin

of this church was in a private house of William Bortz in the year 1858. Revs. Moses Dissinger, C. K. Fehr,

and

others, preached the

house.

word of God

Several other families

village a few years afterwards.

in the above-

moved

in the

In the year 1863 the

present church was built, by contract of Lewis Sheldon, under the supervision of Henry Romig, its membership then being about ten.

Between the years of 1863-68 the membership had an increase of some

The appointment was served mostly by minfrom Allentown until the year 1877, when it was connected with Emaus Mission, and served regularly by Rev. F. Hoffman for three successive years. In the twenty. isters

year 1883 the church was remodeled, and several hundred dollars expended upon it. B. H. Miller, pastor

Emaus Mission, has charge of the above-named church, under whose supervision a suitable spire and of

were added. The present membership is composed of a few families, with a promising Sundayschool, numbering about one hundred. Aineyville is a collection of dwellings that have bell

The erection of these era in the history of the schools of Salisbury township, because with them date

grown up around the Lehigh Iron-Works near East Penn Junction, an account of which is given in Al-

the establishment of graded schools. There are seven graded and nine ungraded schools in the township. There are now nine one-roomed buildings, one two-

Temperance Hall, in which the Aineyville Division, No. 46, Sons and Daughters of Temperance, and

new buildings form a new

roomed, and two three-roomed ones in the township. The sub-districts are known by the names of Jeter's, Markle's, Yost's, Mountain, Mountainville, Ritter's, Keek's, Salisbury Church, Wieand's, Eisenhard's or Green Meadow, SchoU's, and Aineyville.

The

district

employs 16 teachers.

Term,

five

and a

lentown.

"

It

contains beside the dwellings a store, and

The Band of Hope" hold their weekly meetings. The society of the Sons and Daughters of Temper-

ance was organized Aug.

23, 1879,

with eleven mem-

bers and

officers:

Peter L. Stemer,

president;

the following

Solomon 1

Z. Hillegas, secretary;

By Rev.

B. H. Miller.

Reuben

;

SALISBURY TOWNSHIP.

411

The present officers (1884) are Mrs. Sarali Sterner, president; Mrs. Sarah Leiben-

was occupied by Cornelius Weygandt. It is supposed that he erected, about 1759, the old farm-house in the

speiger, secretary

rear of Bishopthorpe.

Knaiiss, treasurer.

KeubeiiKnauss, treasurer. Present

;

numberof members, sixty-three. The "Band

of Hope"

was organized Feb. 5, 1883, with eleven members, and a membership in 1884 of forty-two. It is connected with the Division No. 46. The hall in which meetings were held was erected in 1882, at a cost of eight hundred dollars.

Cold

Spring

Chemical-Works.

— In

This soon after came into pos-

session of the Moravians.

About the year 1769 the Moravians commenced to bank of the Lehigh, of which they then owned about five hundred acres. In February of that year the Weygandt farm was rent the land on the south

rented to

Max

Keifer,

who

died in 1791.

He

was

January, 1882, a company was formed to manufacture explosives. A site was selected about two and a half miles from Allentown, on the south side of the mountain, and on the Henry Miller tract. The site was desirable, from the distance from thickly-populated districts

succeeded by John Christian Clewell, who, about the year 1810, was followed by John Hoffert, whose son,

its proximity to a spring of water. An acidhouse, uitro-glycerine vault, mixing, packing, drying

Francis H. Oppelt, in April, 1846.

and grinding houses, and a magazine were built. On the 4th of December, 1883, a company was incorporated with one hundred thousand dollars, under the name of the Vulcan Dynamite Company, with Edward S. Wertz, president W. B. Shaffer, treasurer and Oscar Moyer, secretary. In January, 1884, a new and larger plant was made in Hanover township, and the works in Salisbury township were discontinued. The explosives of this companj- are sold for use in the ore-beds of New Jersey, lead and zinc mines of Missouri, and the iron-ore region of Lake Superior, as

" Lehigh Mountain Springs Water Cure." He later purchased six acres additional, which is occupied by St. Luke's Hospital. The four Moravian farms were purchased in 1847, and that part in Salisbury township, one hundred and seven acres, was sold to Charles C. and Oliver Tombler, and six acres to F. H. Oppelt. On the 7th of August, 1850, L. Oliver Tombler sold to Daniel Freytag twenty-two acres, and on the 1st of April, 1851, to Augustus Fish ten acres. Fish had previously purchased of Charles C. Tombler the one hundred and seven acres, in December, 1850. In 1848, Tombler had built the storehouse in rear of the old one, which Fish enlarged. He purchased twenty-nine acres of the old Vollert tract. He then named the place " Fontainebleau," later called Bishopthorpe. Fish died in 1866, and the property soon after was sold to Tinsley Jeter, by

and from

;

well as

many

other places.

—

The northeast part of Salisbury township adjoins the borough of South Bethlehem, Fountain Hill.

and

is

known

as

Fountain

A

The known

Hill.

along the river was formerly

ridge lying as

Ostrom's

was obtained by Andrew Ostrom under a warrant from the Penns in 1745, for which he received a patent in November, 1760. In the year 1764 he conveyed it to the Moravians, who retained it in their possession till 1853, when it was On this sold with other lands to Charles W. Ranch. farm are inexhaustible quarries of stone, which has been used for building since 1766, at which time the The stone old Bethlehem buckwheat-mill was built. was taken from these quarries for the Bethlehem Iron Company's buildings and for the Lehigh University. Another settler on this tract was Jobst Vollert, who came from Coventry, Chester Co., to Bethlehem in the summer of 1746. He soon after became the landlord of the Crown Inn, and Nov. 2, 1747, purchased eightyone acres of land lying south and southwest of the Simpson tract of Tobias Weber, who had built a Ridge.

tract of land

house upon the land in 1744. In September, 1754, Vollert purchased one hundred and fourteen and onehalf acres of land, formerly the property of Anthony Albrecht. It extended from the south line of the Weber or original Vollert tract to the east of the

mountain.

These two

tracts, in

August, 1755, were

Another was purchased in

Hoffert,

came

who retained it till The first sale of

into possession in 1884,

mountain land 1744 by George Hartmann, and acres of

and

was sold by the Moravians.

it

these lands on the south

bank of

the Delaware was of two acres of mountain land to

He

was

at that

time erecting a building in which was opened the

whom

it was laid out into lots. That portion of the town of South Bethlehem

known

as

Fountain Hill, extending southwest from

Union Depot, lies partly in Northampton and partly in Lehigh County. In May, 1854, the Desh

the

farm, consisting of about ninety acres, of which the largest part

was

in

Northampton County, was pur-

chased by Charles Hacker and Samuel R. Shipley, of Philadelphia, and Rudolphus Kent, of Gwynedd. Charles Hacker was interested fifths,

to

the amount of three-

the other two one-fifth each.

This farm ex-

Seminole

Street, which, as

tended southwest as

far as

originally laid out,

was intended

to

run from the

Salisbury road to the extreme western boundary of

the farm, where Ostrom Street has since been located. Beyond this line of Seminole Street, the portion east of where

Delaware Avenue now runs belonged

the Freytag place (of twenty-two acres) street it

;

to

west of that

belonged to Augustus Fiot.

Very soon after this purchase Messrs. Hacker, Shipley & Kent had the whole farm laid out into streets, blocks, and lots for building purposes, it being foreseen that the early completion of the

sold to the Moravians. tract of eighty

Samuel

Lehigh

Valley and the North Penn Railroads would largely increase the value of the property. The present sta-

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

412 tion

and buildings near

it

are situated on a portion of

this farm.

Street,

In finding names for the

new

be laid out

streets to

Mr. Shipley suggested the adoption of Indian names, and this was carried out in all the streets laid out by them. The name of Delaware Avenue was given to the principal street, and this, though not Indian in origin, had been borne by a powerful and important tribe of Indians. Itasca has never been borne by any tribe of Indians, being a composite name formed for a special purpose, but from its origin and form was deemed appropriate. Alaska Street was not laid out till 1883, and takes its name from the Territory of that name. With these exceptions, we believe all the other streets laid out by Messrs. Hacker, Shipley & Kent bear Indian names. It has already been said that the present Union Depot is on a part of the Desh farm, the North Penn Railroad Company having early purchased ten

Among

acres

of this ground.

made

for building residences

the

purchases

first

was that of Robert H.

Sayre, Esq., chief engineer and general superintendent of the Lehigh Valley Railroad. He bought the lower

bounded by Wyandot Delaware Avenue, Ottawa, and Lenni Lennape Streets, of which the upper portion yias, some years subsequently, purchased by John Smylie, Esq. Mr. Sayre erected his residence there in 1857, and this, we believe, was the first of the many beautiful dwellings which now cover the whole of this farm. All of this part, and indeed nearly the whole of this farm, lying in Northampton County, it is hardly proper to say more about it here. In November, 1860, the Freytag place was purchased by Mr. Tinsley Jeter, then a resident and member of or eastern portion of the block

Street,

the bar of the city of Philadelphia, but

who

at this

time was engaged in building the Ironton Railroad, to connect his iron-mines, at Ironton, with the Lehigh Valley Railroad. In 1866, Mr. Augustus Flot, the

owner of the Hoffert farm,

or Fontainebleau, as he

called the place after his purchase, died,

and FonOne or two

tainebleau was purchased by Mr. Jeter. smaller pieces of ground to the southwest were also purchased by him. Having in the same year sold out his railroad and mines, Mr. Jeter decided to give his undivided attention thenceforth to the subdivision and sale of this property, and to such enterprises as

would tend

to add to the moral or material welfare of that portion of the town. Later in the year he made

purchases of portions of the Desh farm, as already divided by Messrs. Hacker, Shipley & Kent. At the commencement of his operations he felt the need of some distinctive name for this portion of the town,

and it

finally adopted that of Fountain Hill, by which has ever since been known. There was no special

significance in the name,

Delaware Avenue would, after crossing Fiot descend rather rapidly, and as this is the main thoroughfare, it was decided to make it diverge somewhat to the right, so as to give it a nearly even grade This divergence was made in to the Salisbury road. the other parallel streets also, and commences at the line of Seminole Street, where Mr. Jeter's property commenced. Ostrom Street was laid out entirely by Mr. Jeter, and has no break. At first Huron Street, now a prolongation of Fourth Street, was only laid out by Messrs. Hacker, Shipley & Kent from Wyandot Street to Cherokee Street. In 1867 the block, of ground bounded by Delaware Avenue, Cherokee, Seneca, and Dacotah Streets was purchased by Mr. Jeter, and Huron Street was then extended by him to Seneca Street and Delaware Avenue, its present terminus. In the original plan of Messrs. Hacker, Shipley & Kent, Seneca Street was considered an alley, and made only thirty feet wide. When Mr. Jeter purchased from them the ground referred, he made it a condition that this street should be widened to fifty feet, and this was done. In adopting names for such streets as he should lay out, Mr. Jeter abandoned the Indian nomenclature for the purpose of perpetuating in these names such families and individuals as were or had been more or less connected with this part of the town. Hence the series of names now attached to these streets, many of which were suggested by the Rev. W. C. Reichel, author of the " Crown Inn" and other works connected with the history and antiquities of Bethlehem and vicinity. Bishopthorpe School.— On the southeastern slope of one of the ridges of South or Lehigh Mountain is located what was formerly known as the Hoffert Farm. This was owned by the Moravians, and was one of the few farms they owned on this side of the Lehigh River. It was long occupied by a family named Hoffert, and hence the name. The farmhouse was a long low one- story stone house, with line

being simply a fancy name. Delaware Avenue, Cherokee, Seneca, and Pawnee Streets were continued soulhwestwardly. In doing this it was found that if continued out in the same it

high-pitched roof, small windows, and queer little old-fashioned dormers. It was built in the last century, and

is still occupied as a dwelling. In 1848 farm was purchased by Charles Tombler, who built a new house farther down, and front of the one above mentioned. This building was also of stone, but larger and more commodious than the former. The place was owned and occupied by Mr. Tombler till December, 1850, when he sold it to Augustus Fiot,

this

Esq., a retired merchant, born in France, but for

many

years carrying on business as a dealer in music in Philadelphia. As such he had acquired a modest fortune,

and purchased

this place for a

summer

resi-

On coming to reside here in the summer of he was so much delighted with it that he never

dence. 1851, left,

even for the winter.

He

added a third

story to

main building, and enlarged it by other additions and very much changed the interior arrangements. The grounds also were very much enlarged and beauthe

tified,

several fountains were introduced, and a large

SALISBURY TOWNSHIP. number of

beautiful exotic trees planted. A beaugreen-house and grapery were also built and added to the beauties of the place, which was then named Fontainebleau, from the village and palace of Fontainebleau in France, near where Mr. Fiot had

tiful

resided

some years

in his

boyhood. For fifteen years prior to his death, which took place in April, 1866, this place was the most beautiful in the environs of Bethlehem, and undoubtedly one of the most charming in the State.

At

this period the space

extending from this farm station is now, and which is now called Fountain Hill, had not been laid out in lots, streets, etc., and the approach from the old Lehigh bridge to Fontainebleau was first by the AUentowu road (now Lehigh Street) to what is now to the

Lehigh River, where the

Uncas Street thence nearly southwest, partly along what is now Ostrom Street. Then it diverged to the right and passed through what now belongs to St. ;

Luke's Hospital ing

it

nearly opposite the hospital builddiverged to the left, and passed to the east of ;

Ostrom Street. Then marking nearly a right angle, went again into the grounds of the hospital and through a beautiful avenue planted with horse-chest-

it

nut-, poplar-,

and linden-trees

to a gate opposite the

northern end of the building. It was a rather devious,

but always a most beautiful, approach to the mansion.

As already

Mr. Fiot died in 1866, leaving He had devised the place

stated,

neither wife nor children.

brother Mr. Jules Fiot, of Philadelphia, who immediately sold it to Tinsley Jeter, who since 1860 had owned and occupied the Freytag place, closely adjoining on the east, and which contained twentytwo acres. The Fiot place contained nearly one hunto his

dred and

fifty acres,

and other lands

in the vicinity

having subsequently been purchased by Mr. Jeter, he owned at one time about two hundred and thirty acres. Having early in the year sold out his mines and railroad in another part of the county, he deter-

mined to devote himself entirely to the building up and improvement of that portion of the vicinity of South Bethlehem. where his property was situated. The establishment of Bishopthorpe school was one of the enterprises projected by him with that object in view.

Some

others

may

perhaps be referred to

413

bishop stated the object of the meeting, which was to establish a young ladies' academy of the highest

and gave many and cogent reasons for it. Bethlehem has had a renown throughout the country

character,

as a place for the education of girls

;

its

salubrity

was remarkable; the Lehigh University is here, and the two schools will thus offer unusual facilities to parents having both sons and daughters to educate. He also referred in high terms to the property, which could now be obtained on very favorable terms. Messrs. William H. Sayre, Smylie, Coppee, and Goodwin made remarks of the same tenor. The bishop then stated that he had received a letter on the subject from Mr. Jeter, and requested that it should be read, which was done. This letter, addressed to the bishop, stated that on the formation of a board of trustees satisfactory to the bishop he (Mr. Jeter) would sell the house and a certain amount of land at a valuation, and would make a donation of one-fourth thereof as a gift to the school. Or he would make all the necessary additions and changes in order to fit it for a school at his own expense, and would then give it free of rent for two years, with the privilege of purchasing it at the end thereof. The latter ofl'er was accepted. The board of trustees, as constituted at a subsequent meeting, were the gentlemen already named, the bishop being the president of the board. Messrs. William H. Sayre, Jenkins, and Goodwin were made a committee to arrange and supervise the additions and alterations which Mr. Jeter agreed to

make in order The bishop,

to

fit

the place for

new

its

uses.

the Rev. Mr. Potter, and Dr. Coppfie

were appointed a committee to secure the services of a competent lady as principal of the school.

The next meeting was held Jan. rectory, the

17, 1868, at

the

bishop and the same gentlemen being

present. The subject of a name was much discussed, and finally, on motion of Dr. OoppSe, it was unanimously decidedly to call it " Bishopthorpe School for Girls," and it is proper to state here the origin of this name. The bishop stated that he thought a good name was a matter of some importance; that during a late visit to England he had been a guest of the Rt. Rev. the Archbishop of York at his countryplace or villa, named " Bishopthorpe." The word

thorpe meaning, in Anglo-Saxon, place, village, ham-

elsewhere.

and Bishopthorpe the

place, hamlet, or village of

William Bacon Stevens, bishop of the Church in the Diocese of PennEpiscopal Protestant sylvania, was consulted, and from the first gave the project his earnest and most cordial sympathy and

be a very good name, inasmuch as it seemed the general desire to have a name which had not already

The first meeting of those interested in the matter was held on the evening of Dec. 11, 1867, at the house of Robert H. Sayre, Esq. Those present were the Rt. Rev. Bishop Stevens, the Rev. E. N. Potter,

been appropriated elsewhere. The motion above mentioned was then made by Dr. Copp6e, and was unanimously adopted. At this meeting the committee on the selection of a

The

Et. Eev.

support.

then rector of the Church of the Nativity, Robert H. Sayre, William H. Sayre, Jr., John Smylie, James Jenkins, H. S. Goodwin, Dr. Henry Copp6e, then president of the Lehigh University, and Tinsley Jeter.

The minutes

of the meeting state that the

let,

the bishop.

He

suggested, therefore, that this might

principal reported that they

had secured the

of Miss Edith S. Chase, of Philadelphia, of

bishop spoke in the highest terms

eminently qualified cordingly elected.

to

fill

services

whom the

as, in his

opinion,

the place, and she was ac-

:

HISTOKY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

414

In pursuance of the proposal already mentioned,

The executive committee has remained without

and in conjunction with the committee on alteration, Mr. Jeter proceeded at once to make the necessary changes and additions to the buildings. The principal addition made was the erection of a new building in the rear, which contains the dining-room on the lower floor and the school-room above. Other minor additions were also made at the same time. The school was opened in September, 1868, and at

and is composed as follows William L. Dunglison, secretary and treasurer R. H. Sayre, William H. Sayre, H. S. Goodwin, Henry Copp6e, LL.D. St. Luke's Hospital.— This institution, now so large, so wealthy, and so beneficent, had, like many

once' took

the high

character for careful, consci'

entious training and culture which

it

has maintained

ever since.

In 1870, Miss Chase accepted the post of principal much larger school, then being built under the supervision of the Et. Rev. Bishop of Albany, N. Y., and left Bishopthorpe at the close of the academical year, in June, 1870. Her successor was Miss F. I. Walsh, also formerly of Philadelphia, but more recently a teacher in a of a

large school at Monticello,

111.

She

still

remains the

change

many

for

years,

Tinsley Jeter, chairman

;

;

other great works, a very small beginning.

It

owes

present position; power, and wealth, but not

its

origin, to the

munificence of Judge Packer.

its

The

is due to the Rt. Rev. Oourtland Whitehead, then rector of the Church of the Nativity, South Bethlehem, but now bishop of the diocese of Western Pennsylvania. During the latter part of 1871 Mr. Whitehead, after a meeting of the members composing the executive committee of Bishopthorpe school, requested them to remain, as he wished to con-

credit of its inception

fer

with them in regard to the establishment of a small

hospital in South Bethlehem, to be in

some way con-

nected with the work of the church of which they were all members. He then laid before them some-

and the school under her wise, careful, and management has become all that its most sanguine projectors ever hoped or anticipated. Allusion has already been made to earnest sympathy and support received from the Rt. Rev. Bishop Stevens, in whose diocese the school was situated. Within a year or two after the opening of the school the new diocese of Central Pennsylvania was created, and this new diocese included Bethlehem. Bishop Stevens

The charter was soon after prepared by Mr. Whitehead and Mr. Jeter, and in due time its passage by the Legislature was secured by the latter during the

therefore resigned his

session of 1872.

principal,

conscientious

position of president of the

board of trustees, and the place since that time has been filled by the Rt. Rev. Bishop Howe, who has ever manifested the most cordial and sympathetic interest in the welfare of the school.

Mention has already been made of the

offer of

Mr.

Jeter to give the use of the property, free of rent, for two years. He afterwards gave it, free of rent, for

another year, at the end of which time the trustees decided to

make an

effort to raise

means

purchase

to

was undertaken principally by Robert H. Sayre, Esq., and accomplished by him in a short time. The property was purchased in 1871 for thirty thousand dollars, of which amount one-third was contributed by the following gentlemen R. H. Sayre, $1000; S. Bonnell, $1000; J. H. Swoyer, $500; Richard Sharpe, $1000 G. B. Markle, $500 Francis This

the property.

effort

:

;

Weiss, $1000

;

;

Asa Packer, $1000 W. and ;

C.

M. Dod-

Tinsley Jeter, $3200. Allusion has already been made to the old approach road to the building. In laying out the new streets in son, $500

;

town Mr. Jeter had preserved this and made it connect with Delaware Avenue at the head of Fiot Street. When, however the purchase of the property was made, a majority of this portion of the

avenue

in part,

the trustees preferred that the school property should have rectangular bounds. This necessitated a complete change, in the location of all the new streets in the vicinity, and the present arrangement, more utilitaiian, perhaps, but far less beautiful, was adopted.

thing of the outline of the project and asked their cooperation. There was a most cordial approval of the

undertaking, and Tinsley Jeter, one of those present, to aid in the preparation and passage of the

was asked charter.

very

This charter has since then been it may not be out of place

much changed, and

to state

said, it

what it was before these changes. As already was designed to be a purely church work,

more or less intimately connected with the parish of Church of the Nativity. The board of trustees was to be composed of the bishop of the diocese as ex officio president, and the rectors and two laymen from all the Episcopal Churches in the Lehigh Valley. From the Church of the Nativity, South Bethlehem, where the institution was to be located, there were to be three trustees; these were John Smylie, Robert H. Sayre, and Tinsley Jeter. When these the

trustees were called together, it was strongly urged by several of the number that it would be advisable to make some changes in the charter, so as to render

the institution less strictly denominational in char-

Judge Packer and R. H. Sayre were decided was desirable. Changes

acter.

in their opinions that this

were subsequently made, not so extensive as some more liberal perhaps than were deemed expedient by others. Under the charter as thus desired, but

modified the

bishop

of the

Church of the diocese ated

is

ex

in

Protestant Episcopal

which the hospital

is situ-

president of the board of trustees, and a majority of the trustees must belong to said church. There are no other liens binding the instiofficio

tution to this church.

The modifications

and adopted by the board of the Court of

Common

trustees,

referred

to,

were made by

Pleas of Northampton County,

;

SALISBURY TOWNSHIP. and were not obtained

till

summer and

fall

latter part of the

on what is now called Broad Street, a building containing altogether more than twenty rooms. It was

much

approachiuL;' completion,

late in the year 1872, or

During the

early in the year 1873.

of the year 1872

of the in-

terest felt in the enterprise

seemed to have died out, and during several months it was impossible to get together a quorum at the monthly meetings to transact any business. The meeting held on the 27th was the first for several months when a quorum was present. At this meeting Mr. Jeter earnestly urged that an effort should be

amount

to

ment.

He

made

to obtain a sufficient

purchase a small building as a commenceexpressed his confident assurance that, if

authorized by the meeting, he would be able to raise thousand dollars within a short time. This pro-

five

was agreed

posal

appointed to

to,

and a committee of three were

solicit subscriptions

416

and was offered

to the

com-

mittee for eight thousand dollars by the owner, Mr.

Abraham

Yost, then

engaged in building The committee at

largely

operations in South Bethlehem.

the next meeting unanimously reported in favor of this

purchase, and expressed the opinion that the

price was a very reasonable one.

This report was

named were authorized to make the purchase, which they did immediately afterwards. Preparations were at once made to make the necessary changes and alterations in the building to fit it for its new uses. During the summer, in order to meet many exadopted, and the committee above

for the object in

penses connected with the furnishing of the building,

This committee consisted of the following persons Tinsley Jeter, South Bethlehem Francis Weiss, Bethlehem; Eev. Mr. Whitehead, South Bethlehem. The latter remained on the committee, but pre-

the ladies of both Bethlehem and South Bethlehem

view.

:

;

any funds. Mr. Weiss had never attended any of the trustees' meetings, and declined to join actively in the work of raising money, but expressed his warm sympathy for it, and generously contributed one thousand dolferred not to undertake to obtain

lars.

This committee immediately issued the following

and were more successful than they had anWithin a, month nearly nine thousand dollars had been subscribed, and was reported to the next meeting held at the end of Feb-

were invited to lend their assistance in such way as they might deem best. At a meeting of ladies called for this purpose, Mr. Whitehead and Mr. Jeter communicated to them the wishes of the trustees of the hospital, and asked their co-operation. It was at onoe decided to have a fair in the hospital building. This fair was held during the month of June, under the direction of a committee of ladies, Mrs. Jeter being president, and was eminently successful, the amount raised being nearly a thousand dollars. With this and other amounts contributed by churches and by

who

furnished separate rooms, the build-

circular,

individuals,

ticipated in raising funds.

ing was arranged for the reception of patients, and

ruary

first

patient was

received.

During the summer of 1873 the board of

:

At a meeting of the board of trustees of St. Luke's Hospital, South Bethlehem, held on the 27th day of January, 1873, the undersigned were appointed a committee to solicit subscriptions and collect funds for '*

the purchase or erection of a suitable building.

Our earnest

desire

is

to be able to commence our work at the earliest day possible, and we therefore invoke the help of every one for our undertaking. The benefits of the hospital are for all who need them, without distinction of At the iirst meeting of the board of truscreed, race, or nationality. tees the following resolution was adopted as the basis for all future

action

opened in October, 1873, when the

trustees

decided that the annual meeting of the board should be held on St. Luke's day, the 18th day of October.

The general management of the

hospital was confided an executive committee of nine persons, who were elected at the annual meeting in October of that year. Three of these were elected for three years, three for two years, and three for one year, so that there should be an election for three members of this committee to

:

"Beaolved, That the board of trustees, among its first acts, does hereby declare that no distinction shall ever be made in the reception or treatment of patients on account of creed, race, or nationality, and that

while the ministries of the Christian faith shall lie freely offered to all the inmates of the hospital, they shall not be obtraded upon any who are unwilling to receive them, and also that any patient may, under proper regulntions, have the privilege of such religious ministrations as

every year.

make the active participation management of the hospital more the members of the committee, it

In order to

in the duties of the

general

among

all

was arranged that the position of chairman should not be held by one member longer than two years in succession. This committee was composed as follows Tinsley Jeter (chairman), John Smylie, Robert H. Sayre, Joseph Laubach, B. C. Webster, William H. Chandler, H. S. Goodwin, William H. Sayre, William :

he

may

request.

and contributions from all. The smallest as well as the largest amounts will be thankfully received. Our object is to heal the wounds and lessen the pains of suffering humanity. Will not every one who reads this give us something 1 " TlNSLBY JETEa, "Francis Weiss, "

We therefore

solicit subscriptions

" CORTi.ANDT

Whitehead, " Commitlee."

Having

this

amount

assured, the trustees proceeded

once to look for a suitable building, and the following committee was appointed to find one: Robert H. Sayre, South Bethlehem; Henry Colt, Allentown at

Dr. Swift, Easton.

They

selected a double building

L. Dunglison.

proper to say that the Rev. Mr. Whitehead first one named for a place on the executive committee, and would have been its first chairman It is

was the

had he not given way

to leave a place thereon for

Mr. Chandler. It will

be proper

present location and

As the property

is

now its

to

say something of the

acquisition by the hospital.

now

it

consists

of more than

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

416

twenty acres of ground, of which about eleven acres formerly pertained to the old HofFert farm of the Moravians, subsequently belonging to Mr. Fiot. The remaining nine acres had long been known as

on Broad

Street, also

recommended

in their report

that the trustees should secure without delay a larger piece of ground, of ten acres or more, as the future

During the early years of the war of secession this water cure was well patronized, and the owner considered it expedient at the close of the sum-

the hospital. No further offer of the WaterCure property was ever made to the trustees. Mr. Jeter, the then owner, being one of the trustees of the hospital, naturally forbore to make any suggestion looking to its acquisition, and no negotiations of any kind were ever initiated on the subject between him and the trustees of the institution. Soon after this the Eev. Mr. Whitehead strongly urged that Judge Packer should be applied to to give a few acres of some of his land lying between the Lehigh University and the cemetery of the Eoman Catholic Church, east of the town. Mr. Whitehead stated that he thought that a very suitable location could be found there, and that he felt sure that Judge Packer would willingly make a donation of a suitable

mer of 1863

site.

Water-Cure property, and belonged to Francis H. Oppeldt, whose first purchase from the Moravians was made in 1846. He erected a large frame or wooden building, and opened it as a water cure. The spring which furnished the water issues from the ground above the buildings, and furnished a supply of from five thousand to ten thousand gallons per the

day, according to the time of the year.

The water

has no mineral qualities of any special value, but

a

very

adapted

pure,

clear,

soft

water,

and

is

remarkably

domestic purposes.

for all

commence extensive additions or summer of 1864. These changes,

to

site for

enlargements for the

however, took a longer time and cost a far larger sum than Dr. Oppeldt had anticipated. The summer season of 1864 was lost, and this, with .the larger expense incurred, produced pecuniary difficulties and embarrassments from which he never fully recovered.

In May, 1871, the place was sold by the sheriff, and was bought by Mr. James T. Borheck, one of the cred-

who held it for sale for about a year. Dr. Oppeldt continuing to carry on the business as before, but as itors,

Such was the

lessee.

status of this property in the

when the trustees of the came together. At one of their earliest

early part of the year 1872,

hospital

first

The

trustees acquiesced in this proposed applica-

and Mr. Whitehead was appointed a committee to make it. Judge Packer expressed his perfect willingness to make such a donation, but stated at the same time that he did not think any of his ground suitable, and that he would much prefer contributing an amount suflicient to purchase a suitable site to giving an unsuitable one from his own ground. Judge Packer had from the first given his most cordial sympathy to the establishment of the hospital, but had never been applied to for any contrition,

effort made to obtain funds for the purchase of the first building. It had been wisely decided to obtain the required amount elsewhere, and

bution in the

meetings attention was called to this place by Mr. Jeter as in every way one of the most suitable and

that the well-known liberality of

beautiful places in the State for such an institution.

some future

At

his request a

number

of the trustees, after one of

their meetings, visited the place with

an examination.

money

neces-

During the month of June, Mr.

Jeter,

few then thought sary to

buy

it.

him and made

All were of the same opinion, but it

possible to raise the

fearing that the place might be sold before the trustees

had an opportunity of raising the necessary means, determined to purchase it himself and hold it subject to the wishes of the trustees, in case they could obtain

This purchase was made in June, for several months. The trustees hesitated, however, to undertake what seemed so large an undertaking, and during the full, as althe funds required.

and the place was thus held

ready stated, nearly

all interest in

the future institu-

seemed to have died out. It was not until the 27th of January that a quorum could be obtained for the transaction of any business. As already related at that meeting a committee was appointed to solicit funds, with the object of buying a much smaller tion

property in the town.

This was done, and the institution was opened in The committee on

the building on Broad Street. location,

who had reported

in favor of the building

be

left to

act in such

way

as

Judge Packer should he might deem best at

period.

In 1875, therefore, he authorized Mr. E. P. Wilbur to enter into negotiations for the purchase of the

Water-Cure property, and this was consummated in the early part of 1876. In laying out his streets in the vicinity an addition had been made to the place, which now consisted of a little more than twenty acres. The price paid was twenty-five thousand dollars, whereof twelve thousand dollars was paid cash by Judge Packer and sons, the other thirteen thousand dollars remaining on mortgage until it was finally paid by the trustees, principally or entirely out of the proceeds of several very large excursions, which were undertaken under the care of the Ladies' Aid Society of the hospital. Subject to the mortgage above mentioned, the property was presented to the institution by Judge Packer in the early part of the year 1876. Mention has already been made of the fair held by the ladies of Bethlehem in June, 1873, to aid in furnishing the building. It was afterwards thought by the trustees that a permanent association of ladies

might be made an important auxiliary in raising funds for the institution, and a committee, consisting of Mr. Goodwin, Mr. Jeter, and Mr. W. H. Sayre, was ap-

;

SALISBURY TOWNSHIP. pointed to select

made

president, Mrs.

and Mrs.

undertake the formation Mrs. Eobert H. Say re was

officers to

of such an association.

Bejamin C. Webster,

secretary

W. H.

Kailroad Company, went into the treasury of the association.

During the year 1876 the new location was occupied by the hospital, the Water-Cure building being used In 1879 the new building was comfor this purpose. menced, and finished in 1880. Down to 1881 the hospital had been under the charge of a matron, so far as domestic arrangements were concerned. The medical direction was under the direction of Dr. A. Hont, of Bethlehem, assisted by one or two resident physicians. To his care, skill, and devotion, for a period of nearly ten years, the institution

is

largely

In the year mentioned it was deemed best to place the entire charge of the hospital in the hands of a resident physician as surits

success.

geon and superintendent, and Di*. W. L. Estes, who so worthily fills the place at present, was elected.

Judge Packer, who died in 1879, left the hospital the income of three hundred thousand dollars in stock Lehigh Valley Eailroad Company, which now

of the

pays eight per cent., thus giving the institution twentyThere is also a four thousand dollars per annum. provision in the will of Judge Packer by which the

may

institution

hereafter receive a large addition to

Early in the year 1884 Judge H. E. Packer, the only surviving son of Judge Asa Packer, died, and by his will the hospital will receive three-

this

amount.

twenty-thirds of his estate after the decease of his

widow. Soon after the opening of the hospital, it was the recipient of a portion of the various and liberal charities of Mr. I. V. Williamson, a merchant of Philadelphia, who presented it with nearly ten thousand dollars in ground-rents, secured on property in Philadelphia. In addition to the above sources of income should be added the amounts received from the annual Thanksgiving-day collections which are taken

up

Churches of the

in all the Protestant Episcopal

Diocese of Central Pennsylvania. As has been already stated, the bishop of the A. diocese of Central Pennsylvania, the Et. Eev. M. trustees; of board of the president DeWolfe Howe, is the Et. Eev. Edmund de Schweinitz, of Bethlehem, vice-president; the Eev. W. president of Lafayette College, second vice-president; Treasurer, E. P. Wilbur; Secretary, W. H. ChandChaplain, the Eev. C. K. Nelson, rector of the C. Cattell, late

is first

ler;

Church of the Nativity. as follows

27

:

Saint Mary's Chapel, Lechanweki Springs, owes

secretary.

organized and carried out, the entire proceeds of which, through the liberality of the Lehigh "Valley

indebted for

The

executive committee

Tinsley Jeter, chairman

;

H.

S.

William L. Dunglison, William H. Sayre,

Chandler, Eobert H. Sayre, Samuel Thomas,

E. P. Wilbur.

treasurer,

This association went actively to work in various ways, and during the next four or five years succeeded in raising about fifteen thousand dollars, much the larger part being raised by means of the large railroad excursions which were Jeter,

;

417

its

existence entirely to the liberality of Messrs.

which the church stands to the Church of the Nativity, and offered to provide the means of erecting a suitable building. The gift was accepted, the cornerstone was laid Oct. 6, 1874, and the building consecrated April 19, 1875,

—the cost being almost entirely

provided by the two gentlemen above named. Mr. Sayre for nearly ten years superintended the Sundayschool, and to his fostering care and active work, ably seconded by Mrs. Sayre, the success of the misIt is now, as ever, is very largely indebted. modestly pursuing its beneficent work, and aiding largely the great work of its mother, the Church of the Nativity, South Bethlehem. Minor Notes. The Shive Governor-Works were

sion

—

by John Smiley, who built the present shops in 1872, and operated till his death. It is now operated by his son. In 1878 the hotel at Lechanweki Springs was erected, and was conducted till 1882. It has not been established

opened

since.

Fountain Hill Cemetery.

— An association termed

the Fountain Hill Cemfetery

Company was

incorpo-

This association purchased six acres of land occupying the western limit of the old Hoffert farm, and which was known as " the buckwheat field." It was laid out for the use of the people rated April 10, 1872.

and vicinity. Fairview and Strassburg are settlements that have grown up in the outer limits of the city of Allentown and in this township. The sketch of of South Bethlehem

Fairview Cemetery will be found in the history of Allentown.

The Borough

Emaus.^— Emaus

of

is

a borough

situated at the foot of the South Mountain, about five miles south of the city of Allentown, the county-seat

of Lehigh County, near the junction of the East Penn branch of the Philadelphia and Eeading Eailroad and the Perkiomen Eailroad, another branch of the Philadelphia and Eeading Eailroad.

It

was incor-

porated as a borough in 1859. The population in 1880 was about nine hundred, and the increase since has been about two hundred. The town was first laid out and settled by a thrifty

Germans, who soon felt the need of religious and therefore, by request, the Moravians began a domestic mission in it in the year 1742. In July, 1747, a Moravian congregation was organized in 1747 a church and parsonage were dedicated by

set of

privileges,

is

Goodwin,

John

Smylie and Eobert H. Sayre. These springs were first opened to the public in June, 1873, and August 10th of the same year the mission Sunday-school was opened. Mr. Smylie soon after gave the ground on

1

By H. W.

Jarrett.

HISTOEY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

418

Two

Cammerhoff, a Moravian bishop, who came to America

its facilities.

as missionary to the Indians.

mountain, furnish the town with pure spring-water, and also a supply for fire purposes, the town being well equipped with fire-plugs, and also hose-cart, ladders, and about fifteen hundred feet of beat leather

In 1758 the Moravians purchased from the settlers one hundred and two acres of land, and in the spring of the next year laid out the town and called it Emaus.

From the organization of the congregation the settlement for a time rapidly increased in population, but did not make any great progress in the way of

fire-hose.

business or building, as the residents were mostly of the poorer class, and had to depend upon the products

oiEcers.

of the soil for a living.

liam H.

Emaus from was a

all

accounts, traditional or otherwise,

close denominational

town

until about the year

when a few people from other denominations moved to the place. The church at no time kept any 1835,

store or house of entertainment in the place, but the

were mostly kept and supported by the memand friends of the church. The iirst ordained and regularly appointed minister was Eev. Anthon Wagner, and not Eev. Anthony Wayne, as has been stores

bers

stated in former works.

Emaus was and has always been

considered a very

quiet place, and justly so, as the world's vices were kept aloof as much as lay in the power of the inhab-

and more years ago. However, on the 1st day of August, 1858, when the advance-guard of the itants forty

railroad-builders

suddenly began

Winkle

made

their appearance, the people

to rouse

up out of

their

Kip Van and life

sleep to find that there were people

in the world beside themselves

and their own. Since the vices and blessings that

then they have had all other favored communities have. Progress has been slow but sure, and the community now counts five general stores, hardware-, drug-, and shoe-stores, four churches and three flourishing Sunday-schools, and

two

hotels.

The

discovery of iron ore in the

imme-

diate vicinity has from time to time attracted a

good

many workingmen,

mostly Germans, who as a general rule have been saving and industrious enough to be-

come householders and land-owners.

Some

of the

wealthiest citizens have started as workers at fifty cents a day to become worth their hundred thousands,

large reservoirs, situated

upon the

The public-school system is in vogue with a six months' school term, with a fair class of teachers and The present

ofiicers

Hamman

of the borough consist of Wil-

as burgess, six councilmen,

are elected annually,

Raham

who

Shuler, treasurer, and

Silas Ott, water commissioner.

Early

Emaus

Settlers.

—The

settlers at or

near the

site

of

1742 were

Jacob Ehrenhard, Andrew Gearing, Abraham Ziegler, George Christ, and Frederick Winch. Jacob Ehrenhard lived in the house now owned by Hiram S. Getz, of Eeading. He had several daughters, who married and settled in Nazareth. Andrew Gearing lived in a log house at the lower end of the town (since remodeled, and now owned by John Schwartz). He came to this country a single man, married here, and worked at his trade, which was shoemaking. He had several sons, among whom were John and Andrew. The former purchased land not far from the town, where he lived and died. He had four sons, John J., who is now living at Emaus, at the age of eighty-one years William and Thomas, who died in Emaus and one who removed to another in

—

;

;

part of the State.

Sylvester L. Gearing, the post-

master at Emaus,

a son of

Thomas. George Christ built two log houses in the lower part of the town, both of which have been torn down. Howard Shipe is in possession of one of the lots, and Mrs. Peter Balliet of the other. He had five sons,— George, Jacob, Lewis, Henry, and Jonathan, all of whom except the last settled at Emaus. George was a hatter Jacob a tobacconist Lewis kept the tavern; Jonathan was a saddler; and Henry a farmer. is

;

;

None

commenced in about 1870, and after a great many ups and downs was put in blast; but the management never having been any of the best, it was

of the family are now in the borough. Frederick Jobst, one of the most prominent residents of a later period, was born in 1810 in AlsaceLorraine, Germany, and emigrated with his parent, J. George, and his brother Francis to America in 1828, landing at New York, and at once proceeded to

and Eeading Coal and Iron Company, who leased it to Messrs. Arnnod, Fisher

subject of this

with a great

many men

in their employ.

Naturally,

a furnace was

finally sold to the Philadelphia

& Co., who worked it successfully until 1883, iron business

became

when the

and unprofitable that it remain idle until some future time. so dull

was blown out, to In the mean time the very enterprising lessees determined if possible to keep their laborers employed and so built up large works to manufecture cast-iron gas- and water-pipe, in which they have succeeded admirably, having a market for all they can produce.

Emaus,

for its population, has first-class business

buildings and homes, and living there

much

is said to be cheaper and better than in any other town with

this section,

where they

once settled down, and the to work at his trade, which was weaving, and shortly after he began playing the violin on festive occasions, at which he was an expert, having played at concerts and balls in the old country,

at

commenced

and teaching German school among the French

residents of the country.

Weaving soon got to he overdone, and he then became a laborer. In 1848, at the solicitation of some friends, he, with his two sons, Henry and John, whom he had

also instructed in

music, together with a few others, started on a trip South as far as Savannah, giving concerts, and met

with unbounded success, arriving home, after an ab-

;;

;;

SALISBUKY TOWNSHIP. sence of about four months, with a fair, and at that time good, supply of money. He then commenced

mining iron

and has continued at that up to date time, however, organizing and teaching

ore,

mean

in the

and string bands throughout the count}-, many a time, for months in succession, working in the mine till five o'clock p.ji., and then rushing home, and

brass

walking from three to eight miles to teach a band, and home again, and to the mine next morning, the brightest

and cheeriest of

age of seventy-four he of twenty-five.

He

is

is

all

the workmen.

as hale as

At the most young men

one of the largest landholders

in this section of the county.

Emaus

Moravian Church.

— Work

i.

The

14.)

edifying, but

historian says the sermon was very

much

too short.

In the autumn of

first church was erected near the present old cemetery, and the cemetery was laid out the land was

1742 the

;

donated by Jacob Ehrnhard, and several additional were donated at a later day. From 1742 to 1747 the Brethren from Bethlehem preached here regularly,

tracts

but the congregation was not organized until July 30, 1747, when a formal organization was effected,

and the Rev. Anthon Wagner and his wife Elizabeth appointed to take charge of the work. In this same year a boarding-school was commenced in a building erected for that purpose during the previous year on the old cemetery lot. This institution was put in charge of Rev. Christopher Heyne, and successfully continued till 1753, when, on account of the dangers of the then existing Indian war, it was for the sake of greater safety removed to Bethlehem, Pa. The original founders of the congregation were the following: Sebastian and Catharina Knaus, Jacob and Barbara Ehrnhard, Conrad and Catharine Wezel, Joseph and Susanna Graff, Peter and Margaretha Graff, Johannes and Catharina Knaus, Jacob and Krazer, John and Maria Loscher, Philip and Kohler, Henry and Catharina Guth, Martin and Elizabeth Bamberger, Samuel and Catharina Kopp, John and Veronica Landis, Jacob and Catharina Boerstler, Anton and Catharina Albrecht, George and Christianna Hartman, Tobias and Margareth Weber, Peter Oberly, Frederick Hofman, Eudy and and and Maria Eausenberger, Catharina Guth, Gertrude forty- four Cog, Eosina Pfingsttag, Eosina Moz, members.

—

following ministers served the congregation: Anton and Elizabeth Wagner; 1750-51, W. and Eosina Michler ; 1751-52, Andreas and

The

1747-50,

John

John C. and Christina Francke XannaNeubert; 1755-56, George and Gertrude Schneider 1756-58, John C. and Margaret Engel 1758-60, John and Magdalena Schweitzhaupt; 1760-62, Daniel and Hanna Neubert 1762-63, Dor.

Horn

1752-58,

;

George and Maria Pitsohmann

1763-66, Anton and Elizabeth Wagner; 1766-73, Henry and Elizabeth Lindenmeyer 1773-77, Andrew and Maria Langgard ;

;

;

Anna Bohler;

1777-79, Francis and

John J. and Anna Schwihel 1785-86, Nicolaus L. and Anna Bagen; 1786-90, John and Maria Eoth 1790-91, John and Anna Beck 1791-93, Bernhard and Sarah Grube; 1793-98, George and Anna Mueller; 17981801, Ludwig F. and Maria Boehler 1801-2, John and Anna Bardell 1802-5, John and Susanna Molther 1805-7, John and Anna Bardill; 1807-9, Gottfried and Anna Oppelt; 1809-13, Theodore and Susanna Shulz 1813-30, Paul and Anna Weiss 1830-36, John and Sophia Brickenstein 1836-38, Peter and Eliza Kluge; 1838-39, G. F. and Eliza Troeger 18391779-85,

;

;

;

;

;

;

was com-

menced by the Moravian Brethren in Salisbury township in the autumn of 1741, when Count L. Zinzendorf, then on an ofiicial visit in this country, preached by request in the house of Jacob Ehrnhard. (Text, Matt.

419

1753-56, Daniel and

;

;

;

;

44,

Levin T. and Louisa Eeichel

Emma Bechler 1846-53, Ambrose and Matilda Eonthaler; 1853-60, John and Carolina Eugennas; and

;

Edward and Annie Kluge 1862-64, Lorenz and Anna Oerten 1864^68, Henry C. and Mary Bachman 1868-76, Julius and Maria and Ellen Wilnsche; 1876-77, W. H. and Dorothea Hoch 1877-79, Max. E. and Martha Grunert 1879-82, Clemens and Caroline Eeinke 1882, L. P. and Sarah 1860-62,

;

;

;

;

;

Clewell.

The

first

voluntary

church was

gifts,

built, in 1746-47, entirely

donations of material and labor

;

by the

second one, in 1766, was also in a great measure built in the same manner, and the whole amount of cash expended amounted probably to not more than one

hundred pounds, American currency the ;

last

church,

built in 1836, cost in the neighborhood of four thou-

sand dollars cash the chapel, built in 1876, cost about two thousand six hundred dollars, and the parsonage, with additions, two thousand dollars. The present value of the property, including the grounds, is from ten to twelve thousand dollars. ;

—

Evangelical Church.' For several years prior to 1845 the Eev. Charles Hesser preached to people of this faitli in the houses of Charles Fehr, Daniel Kech,

and George Kemmerer.

In that year the people forming the society, then numbering eighteen, erected a frame building, thirty by forty feet. This house

was in use

till

1873,

when

the society erected the

present brick church edifice, forty by sixty-five feet, two stories high, at a cost of seven thousand dollars.

The Rev. F. Hoffman was pastor in 1845. In the year 1869 a revival took place under the charge of S. Ely and J. K. Seifrit, by which seventy members were added to the church. In 1873 the Annual Conference set off Emaus from the Lehigh Circuit, and It is now under the it was made a separate mission. charge of the Eev. B. H. Miller. The church membership is one hundred and fifteen, with a Sundayschool of one hundred and

fifty

pupils.

John's Lutheran and German Reformed Union Church. Members of churches of both the St,

—

;

;

1844-46, Julius

;

1

By Kev.

B. H. Miller.

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

420

denominations here mentioned

Emaus some came ;

and near

lived in

long distances to their respective

churches. About the year 1876 preaching was commenced in the Moravian Church by the Eev. A. J. G. Dubbs for the German Reformed, aud the Eev. William Roth for the Lutherans. The German Reformed

congregation was at once organized under the pastor-

who still has charge. On the 17th of March, 1882, a meeting of the German Reformed congregation and members of the Lutheran ate of Rev. Mr. Dubbs,

beneficial to subscribers only,

is

in a flourishing con-

and meets in Knights of Pythias Hall. The officers are B. H. Miller, W. P. H. Baumgardner, dition,

;

F. S.

Young Men's Union,

organized by the Mite SoMoravian congregation in November, 1883, with eighteen members, at present has a memciety of the

bership of thirty-two.

It is

devoted to furnishing

at-

rooms and entertaining reading matter to the young men of the vicinity, and to create the habit of reading up the events and occurrences of the day. The officers are E. E. Kemper, Prest. Edward Jobst, tractive

was held, at which it was decided to erect a church edifice. The Lutherans were organized at once into a society, with seventy- Treas. five members, under the care of the Rev. William Roth, who had been preaching to them at Emaus since 1876. The new church edifice was dedicated on the 12th of November, 1882. The Lutheran society numbers about eighty members, and the German ReTINSLEY JETER. formed about one hundred and seventy-five. Postmasters. The exact date of the establishment The ancestors of the subject of this sketch were of of a post-ofiice at Emaus cannot be ascertained. The English extraction, and among the earliest settlers in first postmaster of which any information can be obVirginia. His paternal grandfather, John Jeter, and tained was William Horsfield, appointed many years his father, John Tinsley Jeter, were residents and ago. He was succeeded by William Rice, and then owners of the village of Painesville, Amelia Co., a came successively Revs. Paul Weiss, John Gearing, small place, whose name was given it in honor of and Henry Eshbach. Sylvanus Gearing, the present Thomas Paine, the author of "The Age of Reason." incumbent, was appointed postmaster July 9, 1856. His paternal grandmother was a Miss Chaffin, whose Taverns. The date of opening the first tavern in family formed part of a numerous race of tall, slender, the village is not known. It stood on the site of the red-haired, and long-lived individuals, whose descendpresent Emaus Hotel. It was kept by Lewis Christ ants still retain in a great degree these characterThe present hotel was built istics. and Thomas Knauss. by Henry Wieber over forty years ago, and was kept John Tinslev Jeter was born in 1798, and married, ' by him several years. in 1822, a Miss Elizabeth Newman, who died in 1835, The Eagle Hotel was built by Henry Fisher about leaving four children, the second of whom is the sub1850, and kept by him several years, and sold to ject of this biography. He was born at Painesville, John Heinly, who sold to Moses Wieand in 1858. May 7, 1827, and until the age of sixteen was a resiJacob Shipe, the present proprietor, purchased the dent of that place. In 1843 his father removed from property in 1868. Virginia with his family to Missouri, where his son Justices of the Peace. Following is a list of jusreceived his collegiate education at the State Unitices of the peace from 1860 to date versity, located at Columbia, in that State. Commissioned. Commissioned. In 1847 the father, becoming interested in commerApril 10,1860 Samuel 0. Lee Jacob Shipe April 9, 18Y2 cial enterprises farther south, removed to New Or" 10,1860 AquillaKDttUSB Ab'ham Ziegenfuss.March 13, 18T5 11, 1866 Samuel C. Lee " Henry W. .Tai-rett... " 19, 1877 leans, and in the spring of 1848 the son sailed for " 11, 1865 Ab'ham Ziegenfuss. " J. Schumacher society living in the vicinity

;

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.

—

—

—

:

S.

30, ISSO

...

JohnZ.Jobst

"

Ab'ham ZiegenfuBS

"

9,1867 18Y0

8,

William Shiffert April William Eberbard..Marcb

9,

1881

30, lysii

Lodges.— Emaus Lodge, No. 378, Knights of Pythias, was organized in 1872 with twenty members, and now has one hundred and four members, with two thousand dollars invested in bonds, and pays five dollars per week as sick benefits, and seventy-five dolIt is in a very flourishlars at the death of a member. ing condition, with a great many active and efiicient members, and meets in the hall at the corner of South Fifth and New Streets. The present oflicers are Jacob Charles Acker, K. R. S. Charles T. Knauss, C. C. D. Brown, M. of E. Emaus Division, No. 220, Sons and Daughters of Temperance, was organized Sept. 5, 1883, with eleven members. The present membership is thirty. It is ;

;

West Indies and South America as the custodian of his father's business interests at those places. He was absent from the United States more than three the

years, the larger part of

which time was spent in Caracas, the capital of Venezuela. In 1851 he returned to the land of his nativity, arriving in Philadelphia, which city he decided to make his future home. He studied law under the Hon. Peter McCall, and was admitted to the bar in 1855. He became about the same time the proprietor of extensive aud very valuable iron-mines in Lehigh County, which demanded so much of his attention and care that, in 1859, he relinquished his growing practice at the bar, and henceforth devoted himself entirely to the development of his mining property, becoming,

with Jay Cooke, Esq., of Philadelphia, the builder

''- emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1750, and settled near the present village of Chapmans, in Upper Maschwiern,

cungie, on a farm containing several hundred acres.

George and Ursila Rupp had nine children, as follows Maria Clara (married to Faringer), Margareta (married

Anna Margareta (died single), Adam Herman, John George, Andrew, John, Maria Susanna, and Anna Maria married to Schumacher. Adam Herman Rupp was the oldest son of George

to Meitzler),

:

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP. Rupp.

He was born in Upper Macungie, Nov. 7, He served four years as a soldier in tlie Revolutionary war. He took an active part in the militia 1756.

organization of the county, holding the rank of brigadier-general. He inherited his father's homestead,

on which he lived until the time of his death. He was married to a daughter of a Mr. Berer, and was blessed with one son, Jacob.

Jacob Rupp was a farmer by occupation, and inherited his father's farm, on which he lived until his death. He was married to Maria Fogel, and was blessed with six children, viz.:

Sarah, married fo Gibbons, one of the ablest attorneys during his time at the Allentown bar (he was the father-inlaw of the Hon. John D. Stiles, of Allentown) Mary, married to David Schall, of Trexlertown, father of

John

S.

;

John R. Schall, of Allentown; Hon. George B. Schall (deceased), of Allentown; and James Schall; Eliza, married to Victor Blumer, of Allentown, who published the Friedens Bote; Herman Rupp, who lived on his father's homestead in Upper Macungie (at one time a member of the State Legislature, and a justice of the peace of his township, in

which capacity Benjamin

he served until the time of his death)

;

Rupp, the father of George Rupp, Esq., a noted attorney of Allentown, was engaged in farming near Chapman's Station, in Upper Macungie and Tilghman Rupp, who was engaged in the jewelry business at ;

Philadelphia.

John George Rupp was born Feb. 28, 1758, in Upper Macungie. He married a daughter of a Mr. Guth. He lived for some time in Upper Macungie and then moved away.

Andrew Rupp was the third son of George Rupp. was born in Upper Macungie, March 26, 1760.

He He

served for four years with distinction in the RevHe was a carpenter by trade. He

olutionary war.

near Chapman's Station, Upper Macungie, but moved to Weissenberg, and lived for twentyone years where the present village of Seipstown is. He was married to Anna Maria Hoflman, and was blessed with seven children, viz.: Andrew, John, Solomon, Emanuel, Catharine (married to Daniel Christman), Hetty (married to Wieder), and Mrs. at first lived

Kelchner.

Andrew Rupp, Jr., the oldest son of Andrew Rupp, was born in Upper Macungie, April 4, 1784. He

Sr.,

married to Magwas a carpenter by trade. He was blessed with three chilwas and Muthard, dalena died single), Solomon, dren, viz.: Catharine (who

and Maria (who died single). Andrew Rupp, was John Rupp, second son of Elizabeth Hartwas wife first twice married. His blessed with two children, was union man This (married to JosephJCulms.), and Judith •'

viz

Anna

After the death of his (married to Israel Benner). Catharine Wieand, by whom he married he first wife named Daniel. John Rupp was a gun-

had one son, smith by trade.

Solomon Rupp,

453 third

son of

lived in Weissenberg township.

Andrew Rupp,

He

Sr.,

was a carpenter

by trade. He was never married. He lived with George Barner. With his death is connected a mystery which probably will never be explained. He was out one night, and the next morning when Mr. Barner came into his barn he found him lying on the thrashing-floor at the point of death. dles of straw lying close to

Several bun-

him which had

slipped

from the loft suggested the idea that he had fallen from that place, but on examination it was discovered that his watch and pocket-book were missing, an indication that he had been robbed.

Emanuel Rupp, youngest son of Andrew Rupp, Lynn township. He was married to Maria

lived in

Danner, of Weissenberg, and had four children, Solomon, John, Catharine, and Maria.

viz.

Solomon Rupp, son of Andrew Rupp,

Jr., was born Lowhill township, Feb. 15, 1813. He was married to Maria Frey, a daughter of Peter Frey and his wife, Maria Barbara (Moser). Solomon Rupp lived in Weissenberg township. In his youth he learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked for a considerable time, but later he engaged in farming. He lost his life at Allentown on the 5th of February, 1854, while engaged in loading coal from a large heap in one of the coal-yards of thai place. He had eight children, viz. William, John, Benjamin,

in

:

Louisa E., Solomon F., Sallie Anna, Henry F., and Alvin. William, the oldest son of Solomon Rupp, graduated at Franklin and Marshall College, and then studied theology at the Mercersburg Theological Seminary, was ordained as a Reformed minister, and is located at Manchester, Md. John, the second son, studied at Franklin and Marshall College, and later at the Allentown Seminary, then studied law in the office of the Hon. Adam Woolever, of Allentown, and

is

now engaged

fession at Allentown.

in the practice of his pro-

Benjamin attended the Allenthe academies at Quakertown

town Seminary, also and Carversville, read law, but died of typhoid fever Louisa E. is before he was admitted to practice. married to Benjamin Fries, and lives in Weissenberg township. Solomon F. studied at Palatinate College, Myerstown, Pa., and is engaged in teaching school and farming in Weissenberg. Henry F. attended the Kulpsville Academy, and is now engaged in farming and teaching school in Weissenberg. Sallie Anna died young. Alvin studied at Palatinate ColDuring the last two years he has lege, Myerstown. had charge of the Macungie High School. He now John Rupp, the youngest lives in Upper Saucon. son of George Rupp, was born in Upper Macungie, July 2, 1762. He married A. Fleckser's daughter, and moved away. Nicholas Gehringer was born in Alsace, on the 29th of June, 1729. He was a son of Jost Gehringer and his wife Abolora, and was of French descent. He came to this country in 1750, and was sold to Michael

— :

HISTOKY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

454

Fisher, of Berks County, for the sage.

He

payment of

his pas-

afterwards worked for Mr. Fisher for wages.

On

the 18th of May, 1781, he bought the farm called " Partnership,'' containing one hundred and eightysix acres, from Michael Fisher,

who had obtained

it

by virtue of a warrant dated Dec. 6, 1753. Nicholas Gehringer married Marie Schuarm, and had eight children, viz. Peter, Elizabeth, John, Andrew, Sebastian, William, Maria, and Regina. Nicholas Gehr:

inger sold his property April 14, 1794, to his sons,

Peter and John. Peter Gehringer married Eva Batts, and had three children, viz.: John, Elizabeth (married to

Henry Kramlich), and Catharine (married

to

Charles Long). Nicholas Gehringer's daughter Elizabeth married a Wagner. His son John was married

Maria Herring. They had no children. Andrew Gehringer and Sebastian Gehringer went to Berks County, married, and settled there. William married and settled in Weissenberg. Peter Gehringer and John Gehringer sold their property to Peter's son, John, one part in 1830 and the other in 1842. John Gehringer was married to Sarah Greenawald, and had

to

—

three children, is

viz.

.

Daniel, Jones, and Sallie,

married to Jacob Hartman.

the homestead, Jones

is

Of

who

these Daniel has

deceased, and Sallie lives in

William Gehringer's children are Jones, John (deceased), Joseph, William, Henry, Joel, Daniel, Polly (married to Gideon Schneck), Mary (married to Jones Herbert), and Juliana (deceased, who was married to Aaron Moyer). Leonard Danner came early to Weissenberg, and bought the farm on Silver Creek, about half a mile northwest from the present village of New Smithville. This farm had been granted by virtue of different warrants, one dated March 20, 1752, and another dated March 19, 1753, and another dated Dec. 2, 1766, to William Weirich. Leonard Danner had seven Lowhill.

children, viz.

:

Jacob, John, George, Judith, Polly

(married to Emanuel Eupp), Catharine (married to an Arnold), and another one married to a man named Tilghman. Danner sold his farm to Jacob Danuer, in 1815. Jacob sold it in 1820 to Peter Lichty, and moved to Buffalo Valley, and later to Ohio. John Danner moved to Allentown. George Danner was a blacksmith by trade. He bought a tract of land adjoining his father's, and later bought a large portion of what had been formerly his father's farm from Peter Lichty. He was married to Catharine Earner, and had four children, viz.: Charles, who has his father's homestead George, who is living at Allentown Catharine, now deceased, who was married to Joseph Bear and Lucy, who was married to Daniel Kuhns. Christian Seiberling was of German origin. He came from Wurtemberg about 1750, and settled in Allemiingel, now in Weissenberg township, on the property now owned by John Kline. He had a son named Frederick and several daughters, one named Catharine, born April 22, 1772, and another named ;

;

;

Anna

Maria, born Nov. 6, 1774. Frederick Seiberwas married, and had five children, viz. John, Christian, Peter, Jones, and Elizabeth, married to

ling

:

John Seiberling lived at Lynnville, in Lynn township. He was for a long time postmaster Peter Haas.

and was the oldest postmaster in the United States. He was married to a Miss Bear, and had ten children, viz. Mary (married to David Moser), Joshua, Nathan, Peter, James, William, John, Hannah (married to Isaac Herman), Amelia (married to Abraham Smith), and Sarah (married to David at that place,

:

Bleiler).

Magdalena Stump. which Lyon Creek ran, and on which was a saw-mill of which he was the He had one daughter manager for many years. Christian Seiberling married

He

lived on a farm through

named Rachel, who married Levi Lichtenwallner, with whom he moved to Lower Macungie, where he died some time ago.

Peter Seiberling married and had two children, F. and Julian. John studied medicine, and

John

Hamburg for the greater part of his life. In his later years he moved to Philadelphia, where he died several years ago.

practiced at

Jones Seiberling married Rebecca Greenewald, and had three children. Joshua Seiberling, son of John Seiberling, married, in 1833, Catharine Moser. He bought what was then Schaller's Hotel, at what is now Seiberlingsville, and had a store as well as a tavern there. He was several times elected as justice of the peace, and served as postmaster at Seiberlingsville for a period of almost fifty years. He was strongly in favor of the commonschool system, and urged

adoption in the township.

its

adoption he was appointed as one of the first school directors, and did his best to give the schools a After

good

its

He

start.

is

the father of twelve children,

viz.

Amanda, who died single Sarah, who was married to Tilghman Mink, died at Clarence, Iowa; Rose, married to Henry Grim, lives at Clarence, Iowa; Milton, who was employed in the army during the war of the Rebellion, died at the mouth of the White ;

River, in Arkansas

;

Mary, married

to

William Gross-

cup, lives at Germansville, Lehigh Co. studied medicine, and

is

;

Frederic,

located in the practice of his

Henry M., who was in the army during the war of the Rebellion, lives in Mis-

profession at Lynnville;

Ellen, who died single; Joshua, who studied medicine and practices at Hynemansville; Emma, married to Dr. W. K. Kistler, lives at Germansville,

souri

;

Lehigh Co. Lila, married to Ed. Lobach, of Philadelphia; and Ida, married to Lavinus Holben, lives at Saegersville, Lehigh Co. Nathan Seiberling, married to Catharine Peter, went West Peter Seiberling, married Catharine Hartman, moved to Schuylkill County, kept a hotel several miles from Tamaqua, and ;

;

;

died in 1883

;

Jones Seiberling married Sarah Moser,

and went West; William died young. John Seiberling married Eliza Greenewald.

He

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP. served one term as recorder of deeds for Lehigh County, and is now engaged in the coal business at Allen town. Philip 1750.

Wendel Klein came from Germany

He settled

prior to

Weissenberg township, on a farm about a mile northeast from the present village of Seipstown, for which he obtained a warrant in 1753, in

and sold

it to his son, John Jacob, on Nov. 10, 1761. Wendel Klein had a number of children, among whom were John Jacob, John Adam, and Peter. John Jacob Kline had his father's homestead, which he sold April 1, 1769, to Marks Pontius, and moved to Salisbury township. John Adam Kline, in 1761, bought from Peter Krunt the property originally settled by him, and now known as the Bear farm, situated on Lyon Creek, about a mile above Lyon Valley. John Adam Kline had this property till 1773, when he sold it to Adam Bear, and moved to

Philip

Salisbury township.

Peter Kline was born in 1741. In 1763 he married Margaret Stettler. He had four sons, viz., Lorentz, Henry, Jacob, and Jonathan. Peter Kline bought from Philip Kleinert a farm situated in the southern part of the township, and containing two hundred and sixty acres. Peter Kline, being a miller by trade, soon erected a mill on his In 1803 he sold a part of his farm, in-

property.

cluding the mill, to his son Lorentz, and the

mainder 1773.

re-

Lorentz Kline was born Nov. 12, was married to Magdalena Knauss, but

to Jones.

He

had no children. He was for many years the owner and proprietor of Kline's mill. He died June 16, 1868. Jacob Kline went to Lowhill, and bought a mill property on Jordan Creek, about a mile below

Weidasville.

The

mill

is

now known

Jacob Kline had fourteen children, Jones, Charles,

Joseph,

Sarah,

viz.,

as Schlicher's.

Jacob, Maria,

Catharine,

Hetty,

Samuel, David, Hannah, Susan, Solomon, and Mary. Of these Charles came to Weissenberg, and lived with his uncle, Lorentz Kline, whose property he received, and upon which he still lives. Jonathan Kline was born June 18, 1783. He married Anna Maria Weiler. He obtained his father's homestead, where he died Aug. 29, 1868. He left four children,— James, Anna, Eliza,

and Mary.

Daniel Stettler and his wife Catharine came from Alsace about 1745. In 1757 he bought a tract of land from Peter Stimble. In 1759 he bought an adjoining tract from Jacob Suiter, and in 1766, by a warrant, obtained another tract, the three tracts tosituated gether making one hundred and fifty-six acres, township, being near Hynemansville, Weissenberg Jonathan Xander. the property now partly owned by He had three Daniel Stettler was a weaver by trade. Catharine, who and Philip, Heinrich, children viz., Heinrich Stettler to David Xander.

was married was a weaver by moved to Allentown. Philip Stettler Stine a farm near the Jacob from bought He trade of Seipstown, now owned in part by present village

David

Stettler

and by Levi

Stettler.

Philip Stettler's

455

Abraham, Daniel, and Andreas. He had four sons, viz., Nathan, Heinrich, Philip, and Jones. Abraham sons were Philip,

Philip settled in Weissenberg. Stettler settled

in Weissenberg, receiving a

part of

His sous were Amandus, who

his father's property.

taught school for a number of years in various parts of the township; David, who also served as a schoolLevi, who is a carpenter by Abraham, James, and William. Of these, David, Levi, and Abraham are living in Weissenberg.

teacher in his time

;

trade;

Daniel Stettler settled in Weissenberg. His sons were Ellas, Jacob, John, Daniel, Benjamin, and Thomas, of whom none are now living in the township. An-

drew

Stettler settled in Weissenberg.

ber of children,

He

among whom were two

left

sons,

a

num-

—Aaron

and Amos. Of these the former lives in Weissenberg, and the latter in Lowhill. Jacob Earner was of German descent. He came to Weissenberg in 1768, and bought the property which had been granted by virtue of a warrant dated April 5, 1748, unto Adam Mengel. Jacob Barner had three children, one son and two daughters. His son's name was Michael. He bought his father's property April Michael had seven children, viz., Catharine 7, 1795. (married to George Danner), Nathan, George, Lydia (married to Solomon Bartz), Elizabeth (married to Henry Eeitz), Leah (married to Isaac Levan), and Gedion. Nathan Barner married Maria Leibelsperger. He moved to Whitehall. He had five children, viz., Harrison (who keeps the Sun Hotel in Salisbury), David (in Lower Macungie, who served one term as county commissioner), James, Stephen (who went to Salisbury), and Caroline (first married to Evan Guth, but now the wife of Hilarius Kennel). George Barner married Maria Gackenbach, and settled on a farm near New Smithville, in the southern part of the township.

He had

four children,

viz.,

Allentown), Mary (who was married to Levi Walbert, and lives near Hynemansville), Amelina (married to Henry Siegfried), and

David (who

lives at

to Edwin Werly). Gedion Barner on the homestead. He is the youngest son of Michael Barner, and the only one who is yet living. He is married to Hannah Bear, a daughter of Peter Bear. Gedion Barner has five children living, viz., William, Amanda (married to Benjamin Grim), Elmena (married to Solomon Mohr;, Phaon, and

Emily (married

lives

Francis.

Eev. Johann Heinrich Helffrich, the progenitor of the Helfirich family in this county, landed at

York on the 14th

of January, 1772.

He

in

New

company

with his step-brother, Rev. Albert Conrad HeliFenstein, and Eev. J. G. Gebhard, were sent to America

by the Synod of Holland to help to Reformed Church. Eev. Helfii'ich was born Oct. 22, 1789, in Moszbach-on the-Neckar, Palatinate. His father, Johann Peter Helffrich, was burgomaster in Moszbach, a bailiwick of the Palatinate, and his mother was Anna Margaretha, born Dietz. The as missionaries

establish the

;;

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

45 B

Helffrich family dates from 450 A.D., and were, ac-

Dr. Helffenstein were obliged to join the old Ger-

cording to the Vienna family records of old nobility,

mania Society of Philadelphia, in which they took

living near the present Wiirzburg, where

active part.

Herneck

stood.

The

its

Castle

ancestor of the family was

and was duke and Johann H. Helffrich was appointed by the Reformed Synod

known

as Baldwin von Helffrich,

chief of the Vangions, a tribe of the Franks. to preside over the congregations

now

in Heidelberg,

Lynn, Weissenberg, Lowhill, Maxatawny, Longswamp, Upper Milford, and others. He first lived in Kutztown, Berks Co. One year later, on Nov. 3, 1773, he was married to Miss Maria Magdalena Sassamannshausen, a daughter of Andreas Sassamannsbausen, of Maxatawny, Berks Co. His father-in-law presented him with a farm, on which he lived up to his death. His farm was located in Weissenberg township, From this point he preto the left of Helffrichsville. sided over the congregations Maxatawny, De Long, Lowhill, Weissenberg, Heidelberg, Longswamp, Ziegel's. Upper Milford, Trexlertown, and Lynn. On the 5th of December, 1810, as Helffrich was about mounting his horse to visit the sick widow of Rev. Lehman, he was stricken with apoplexy and died the same day, having reached the age of seventy-one years, one

month, and thirteen days. In Europe he served and in America thirty-eight, years in the ministry. In America he baptized five thousand eight hundred and thirty, and confirmed four thousand. Helffrich was the first ordained minister in this section, and brought his congregations under the rules of the old Coetus. He was blessed with twelve children five died young. His oldest son, Johann Heinrich, was elected justice of the peace of Weissenberg, lived near the old homestead, and died in 1830. Daniel became a merchant also near the old home. His store was, the principal one in Weissenberg township for many years he died in 1854. Samuel, the youngest son, became partowner of Balliet's Furnace,in Heidelberg he died in 1830. Elizabeth, the oldest daughter, was married to Peter Hain, a farmer in Maxatawny died without issue. The second daughter, Maria G., was married to Conrad Knerr, of Lowhill, Clau.ssville. The third daughter, Lydia, was married to Benjamin Schmidt, a farmer of Macungie. The Rev. Johannes Helffrich was the third son of Rev. Johann H. Helffrich. He was born Jan. 17, 1795, in Weissenberg. At this time the Reformed Church in America had no college nor seminary. All candidates for the ministry were obliged to study under private instruction. In 1805, when he was but ten years old, he began the classical studies under his father's tuition, and continued till his father died, after which he studied. under the Rev. Dr. S. Helffeneleven,

stein, of Philadelphia, Helffrich's cousin.

when

In 1811, Helffrich went to Helffenstein, he was accom-

panied by seven students, who also were fitting themselves for the ministry, viz., Martin Brunner, J. Ibach, J. Scholl, J. Weinbrenner, Daniel Zellers, John Zuilch, and A. Haaszberger. The students of

licensed at

New

till

1816,

Holland

After the death of the Rev. Helffrich, Sr., the consistory of his congregations met and decided that the young Helffrich was to take his father's place as soon as he had finished his studies. Rev. H. Diefenbach was accepted to serve the conAfter Helffrich, Jr., was gregation ]jro tempore. licensed Diefenbach left the charge,

was elected

He

as their pastor.

and Helffrich

served the Zeigel,

Longswamp, Lowhill, and Weissenberg,

— Heidelberg

—one

con-

and Ebenezer. The rest of the old charge were formed in a new charge. Helffrich labored in this field up to his death, April 2, 1852. Helffrich bought a home in his younger years about one mile from the old homestead, near Hynemansville. On April 19, 1818, he was married to Miss Salome Schantz, daughter of Jacob Schantz, at the spring of the Cedar Creek. In his time fell two current movements which claimed his attention, viz., the Free Synod, a schism The in the Reformed Church, and homoeopathy. Free Synod he fought with all his power, denouncing them as rebels. In 1830, Dr. Wosselhoeft and Dr. Bering heralded homoeopathy into Lehigh County. gregation,

Helffrich accepted the

many

new

remedies, and cured

science ardently, proved

many

cases. His oldest Henry, graduated at a Philadelphia allopathic college, but afterwards studied homoeopathy, and at

son,

this writing is practicing his profession in Allentown.

Helffrich baptized four thousand five hundred and

ninety-one, confirmed two thousand five hundred,

married one thousand, and buried twelve hundred persons during his ministry.

Rev. William A. Helffrich, D.D., second and youngson of Rev. Johannes Helffrich, followed the pro-

;

;

Helffrich continued his studies

when he was examined and by the Synod of that year.

est

fession of his father.

Weissenberg.

He was

born Aug.

20, 1827, in

After finishing his studies, in 1845, he

was examined and ordained by the Classis of East Pennsylvania, and placed as his father's assistant. In 1852, after the death of his father, the charge elected

him to

as their pastor.

Miss

Amanda

He moved charge.

On Aug.

1,

to Fogelsville, being

Dr.

1852, he was married

H., daughter of Solomon Fogel, Esq.

John

more central

to his

Helffrich and Dr. Calvin Helffrich,

two sons of Rev. William A. Helffrich, are practicing homoeopathy in Fogelsville. Rev. Nevin A. Helffrich, the second son of Rev. William A. Helffrich, was born May 4, 1855 graduated in Heidelberg College and in the Theological Seminary of Ursinus College. In 1879 he was examined by the East Pennsylvania Classis, licensed, and ;

appointed as his father's assistant. David Xander was a son of George Xander, of Whitehall, and a weaver by trade. He married Catharine Stettler, and received her father's homestead in 1785. His children were Deobald, who received the

;

:

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP. homestead

who settled

David, who went to Whitehall

;

in Weissenberg

;

Daniel,

Henry, who went to Kutztown Peter, to Penn's Valley George, to Mertztown and Joseph, who settled in Greenwich. Deobald Xander's children are Jonathan, who married Mollie Schumacher, and received his father's homestead Dewald, who went to Union County Jesse (now deceased), to Lynn township and Charles and Peter, who live in Carbon County. Jonathan Xander's children are Jonathan, who has his father's homestead; Mary Anna, now deceased, but was married to Jones Kreesly Sarah Amanda, married to Jeiferson Holben and Priscilla, married to Henry Frey. ;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

Frederick

Hyneman, who

figured at one time con-

siderably in the history of Weissenberg, was an Eng-

lishman by birth. He came from Philadelphia, and was married to Catharine Kline, of that city. He left Philadelphia in 1793, on account of the yellow fever, and went to Lancaster, and from thence came to Weissenberg, and bought out Mr. Bobst, at Hynemansvllle. Frederick Hyneman had eight children, George, John, Frederick, Jacob, Kitty, Elizabeth, Sallie, and Mary. George, oldest son of Frederick Hyneman, had three children, John, William, and Elnora. They all lived in Philadelphia. George Hyneman served for many years as school-teacher in Weissenberg and the surrounding townships. He was one of the first teachers who taught English in this township. John Hyneman married at Reading and remained there. Frederick married at Beading and moved to Allentown. He had two sons,—Augustus and Charles. Jacob died single. Kitty married a Mr.

—

—

Goodman,

of Philadelphia, and lived there.

beth died single.

Sallie

had fourteen children.

Eliza-

married Jacob Kramlich and

They

lived for

many

years

near Hynemansville, in Weissenberg, but then moved to Ohio, except their son, George, who lived at Longswamp, and Kitty, who had married Charles WeighMary married Conrad Ihrie, of Philadelphia. net.

They

lived at Philadelphia until the death of Mr.

her Ihrie, when she came to Hynemansville, with children.

They had five children, viz.: Edmund, and Ann Louisa.

Charles,

Eliza, Catharine,

Charles Ihre went to Kentucky, married there, and

came back to Allentown and was Lehigh County. He had one

elected as sheriff of

a daughter, Robert married Ihrie Eliza Elizabeth. named Mary children,-Dr. Wallace, of Easton. They had five and Kitty. Frederick A., George, Amanda, William, Elizabeth Mary married Wallace A. Dr Frederick practiced medicine Ihrie daughter of Conrad Ihrie; and had a store at the for a while at Hynemansville, of the peace of Weisjustice as served place; same and later Philadelphia, to In 1850 he moved senberg George is now living. he where Wis., Fox Lake, to

Wallace went to California. Paul, Minn. William died

child,

Amanda

single.

lives at

Pew, a merchant of Easton. Edmund Ihrie married Eebecca Mutterhard and lived at Hynemansville. Ann Louise Ihrie married John Leiser, of Schuylkill County, who moved to Hynemansville and kept the tavern there from 1850 to 1856.

Residents in 1781.

—The commissioners of North-

ampton County on Dec.

27, 1781,

made

the following

assessment for the township of Weissenberg, which shows who were then its taxable inhabitants Michael Bobst. Jacob Bare.

John Kutz.

George Braucher.

Daniel Knouse.

John Bare.

Philip Kissner.

Adam

Frederick Bock.

Leonard Kopff. George Koster. George Kroh.

Michael Bowerman.

John Lichtenwalder.

George Bowerman. Christian Braucher.

Jacob Lelbelsberger.

Ernst Kloss.

Bare.

Nicholas Bacliman.

George Lessig.

Godfrey Boger.

Killian Lieby.

Adam

John Maurer. .lacob Musgenung.

Boger.

Christian Boger.

Jacob Bawall. Jacob Bemer.

Christian Marburger.

Nicholas Bisecker.

Valentine Miller.

Conrad Beesinger.

Leonard Myer. Nicholas Myer. George Nungieaer, Conrad Neff.

Henry Moser.

Philip Benninghofl

Conrad Bapp. John Derr. John Belong.

Henry

Notstine.

Stoffle Ettinger.

George Richard. Michael Bishel. Leonard Ruppert. Melchoir Seip.

Stofle Dresher.

Conrad Deal.

Adam

Deel.

Baltzer Fritz.

Abraham

George Fritz. David Fry.

George Shoemaker.

JohnFoch. John Fitter.

Christian Sieberling.

William Fry. Jacob Greenewald. Jacob Greenewald, Jr. John Gachenbach.

Philip Stettler.

Nicholas Gisinger.

Stofle Sterner.

John

Steinbruch.

Sieger.

Daniel

Stettler.

David Zander. Michael Sballer. John Shafer.

Valentine Gramlich.

John

Paul Gramlich. Charles Gackenbach. Lawrence Holby.

Peter Trexler.

Vendle Holby. Jacob Holby, Jr. Duwalt Holby. Jacob Berber.

George Weiss. Sebastian Werle. Nicholas Werle. Andrew Wagner, Daniel Wirth. Yost Wirth.

Shieferetein.

Peter Trexler, Jr. Peter Weiss.

Frederick Hirsh.

George Helfrich. John Jompert.

John Witt. Ohl Eberhard.

George Krim. Jacob Krim. Conrad KopfiF.

Jacob Kloss. Jacob Stine. Michael Werle. Henry Herber.

John Elneer. Peter Keine.

Single Freemen.

Christian Knouee.

Jacob Eddinger.

Jonathan Kuouse. George Greuewalt. Jacob Shoewalter.

David Boger.

John Braucher.

^t.

Daniel Knouse is assessed nine pounds, Jacob Greenewald six pounds all others for lower amounts. The Taxable Residents of 1812 were as fol-

De

lows:

St.

Kitty married

and no^J.'^/" Charles Lee, of Philadelphia, married Nicholas Minn. Catharine Ihrie

Paul

457

;

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

458 Baniel Acker.

Michael Acker. George Acker.

George Acker, Jr. Abraham Knerr. Peter Bear.

Daniel Bear.

Henry

Bear.

Jacob Bear. Peter Bear.

Michael Werly, Jr. Andreas Werly. Nicholas Werly,

Lanrence Klein. Jonathau Klein. Peter Klein.

Conrad Keck. Jacob Kraul. Philip Kuntz. George Kupp. Jacob Kuerr. John Kuerr,

/ /

D. Jacob Breifogel. Nicholas Gramer.

Adam

Jacob Stuhlnecker.

Daniel Xander.

Christian Weiss.

Henry Xander.

Valentine Werly.

Peter Zimmerman.

Daniel Wurth.

Adam

Dewald Werly. Andrew Wagener.

George Old.

''

Jacob Beal.

Nicholas Wilt.

Dewald Xander.

Old.

Single Fi-eemen.

Daniel Knauss.

George Xander. Peter Sauberling.

John Grimm.

John Beitaer,

George Kunkle.

Philip Bobet.

Peter Krommer.

Solomon Kupp. Philip RMUch. John Sauerwine.

Paul Bachman. Nicholas Bachman. Andreas Bachman.

Peter Kocher.

Michael Werly.

Reuben

Selich.

Henry Kramer.

Peter Xander.

George

Seilich.

Peter Bachman.

John

Michael Earner. Nicholas Bachman.

William Leibel.

Bear, Jr.

David Bachman. Jacob Billig.

Christian Leibel. Leibel.

John

Leibel.

Balzer Lutz.

Andrew Lindemutb.

Henry Reichard.

Mathias Leibelberger.

Christian Boger.

John Lichtewalter.

Christian Boger, Jr.

Jacob Lichtewalter.

Adam

Jacob Miller. Widow Merekle. Daniel Moyer. Daniel Moyer, J*r. Nicholas Moyer. Widow Muthard.

Boger.

Henry Derr. John Derr. Jacob Derr, Nicholas Derr.

Leonard Derr. David Eberhard. Jacob Edinger.

Jacob Mume. Peter Maurer.

Solomon Falk.

Ludwig Nolf. John Notestine.

Daniel Falk.

Mathiae Falk.

Peter Naff.

Jacob Freih, George Freth.

John

Abraham Fenstermacher.

Peter Pauley.

Jacob Gachenbach. Jacob Geho. George Lorance. Paul Kramlich, Jr. liudwig Kachenbach. Gideon Grimm. Paul Kramlich. Jacob Kramlich.

Jacob Plyler.

Abraham Greenewald.

Plyler.

Michael Plyler.

Paul Plyler. Andrew Kupp. Philip Kauch. Henry Kauch.

Henry Keiusmith. Henry Reichard. Michael Reichard.

Christian Greenewald.

Michael Kabenold. George Sliubert.

Jacob Grimm.

John

George Grimm.

Philip Statler.

Peter Gariner.

Jonathan Shoemaker. John Shoemaker. John Sauerwine. George Smith.

John Gariner. Charles Gachenbach.

Henry

Halfrich.

Seigfried.

Daniel Halfrich.

Philip Smith.

Henry Hobler.

Jacob Sasseman. Frederick Sauberling.

Danel Haee.

John Hartman. Peter Hartman.

Anthony

Friederich Hope,

Michael Smith.

Friederich

Hagneman.

Stine.

George Shoemaker.

Jacob Seigfried.

Andreas Hartman. Philip Hartman.

John

Seip.

Daniel Shoemaker.

Peter Holvi'ein.

Jacob

Jacob Holwein, Jr. LaurpTice Holwein.

Christian Smith.

John Ilortman.

John Fogol.

Christian Holwein.

Frederick Wilbraub.

John Henry. Pliilip Hawer. George Heyneman. Barnet Jeager.

John Wonuemacher. Samuel Weiandt.

Adam

Jonathan Wolbert. Jacob Wolbert. Michael Werly.

Smith.

Daniel Krauss.

Jonathan Krauss. Daniel Kuns.

William Geringer,

—

History of the Ziegel Church.^ Oo the south Mountains extends, parallel with the mountain range, a strip of mountainous land known as the " Gravel," which begins at the Delaware River in New Jersey, and intersected by the Lehigh and Schuylkill Rivers, reaches far into Lebanon County. Strictly speaking, this range is more hilly than mountainous, and its dales distribute the purest springs and rivulets in all directions. In some places, as in Weissenberg, Lowhill, Lynn, and Heidelberg, in Lehigh County, where it includes these townships, it side of the Blue

from thirteen to fourteen miles broad, at other it narrows its borders to near the Blue Mountain. On its southern border it blunts into the beautiful valley known by the Indians as "Kittatinny," which reaches to another chain of mountains, known is

places

Lehigh Mountains. This large and fertile which partly includes Northampton, Lehigh, Berks, and Lebanon Counties, is the richest and most beautiful in Pennsylvania. However, the "Gravel" surpasses it in springs, excellent water, and forest. When the first German Reformed and Lutheran emigrants came from Philadelphia by way of Germantown, they went farther north, because the Quakers, through William Penn's instigation, had purchased the lands near Philadelphia; and wishing to be independent of these sects, and anxious to oras the

valley,

ganize a colony according to their

own

peculiar faith,

they moved more to the interior of the country,

founded Oley, Goshenhoppen, and other settlements; and from there started again, crossing the Lehigh Mountain, and arrived in the Kittatinny Valley early in the thirties of the last century. Yet fertile and grand as the valley was, these Swiss and Palatinates were saxifrages and not at home on level land, besides the present productive fields of wheat, and corn, and iron-mines were then a wild of shrub oak

Sittlei-.

JoBt Shnyder.

Daniel Weirth, Jr.

Frederick Wilbert.

Henry Weiss.

and other shrubbery, and lacked springs and water. Not finding the valley homogeneous to their earlier surroundings they wandered to the "Gravel," where were large forests, springs, and plenty of good water. Here in the dales where the rivulets riffled, where wood was in abundance, and especially lured by these hills and ravines which reminded them of the Father1

Writteu in German by Rev. William A.

James

L. Schaadt, Esq.

Helflfrich,

and translated by

—

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP. land, they founded their

new homes. For this reason the "Gravel," with its stony soil, was settled earlier than the valley with its stoneless and rich soil, now

known

as

Macungie and Maxatawny townships, which

the emigrants passed to reach the "Gravel." Later, when other colonists came and settled in the valley, the rich soil was appreciated, and a few families, such as the Fogels and others, moved back, taking in possession free land or

The

bought

sections.

emigration in Lehigh was in the western part of the county in Weissenberg, Lynn, and Heidelberg, and became the foundation of the Long Swamp congregation in Berks County, the Ziegel, AViessenfirst

berg, Lowhill, Ebenezer,

and Heidelberg

459

The proper organization of the congregation was The church property was

effected in the year 1745.

bought a few years later, and the building of the church occurred even later. In the mean while services were held in the houses of the members, where sermons were read by the schoolmaster, and occasionally by a minister from a distance, such as Rev. Bohm. The old church record registers baptisms in the thirties of last century. In 1747 the Rev. Michael Schlatter visited the Ziegel Church on his missionary travels to the German Reformed congregations of Pennsylvania, also

Egypt

Maxatawny in The Ziegel (then

the

in Whitehall.

Oley, and called

Ma-

Lehigh

cungie) and the Allemangel (Ebenezer, the congre-

County, and Allemangel again in Berks County. In the years 1734 and 1735,— some still earlier, several emigrant trains came from Oley and Goshen-

gation in Kistler's Valley, was a Lutheran Church),

hoppen

to the

in

Kittatinny Valley by the Indian path

crossing the Lehigh Mountain, through the Ritten-

house Gap.

Another Indian path leads across the mountain more east, near Zionsville, in Upper Mil-

ford.

others

Some of these emigrants settled in Long Swamp, moved north to the gravel region as far as the

Schochary Ridge and surrounding country, where they became known as the "Allemangel settlement."

From

the Long the " Gravel."

Swamp Church

across the valley lies

This highland forms itself through Weissenberg and Lynn townships towards the Schochary hills in another ridge, over which was also a welltrodden Indian path. This ridge divides and forms the water-sheds of the Lehigh and Schuylkill Rivers. From it the summit of Lehigh County opens many

and ravines which gradually sink deeper, forming high banks covered with heavy timber and excellent creeks, which contribute on the right side to the Jordan, and on the left to the Antalaunee. The emigrants followed this summit, and were attracted by the fine forests and clear water, which accounts for the early settlements of Weissenberg, Lynn, and the KistEach following year ler's and Antalaunee Valleys. brought small and larger trains of emigrants which endales

larged and strengthened the colonies. The territory extremes of of the Ziegel Church lay between the

Long Swamp and Lynn, and especially where this summit begins. The ridge here inclines obliquely and forms, towards northeast, the little creek bearing the same valley of Macungie, with a to both the Macungie name the gave name which Toward the west of the Ziegel Church into the valley,

townships. from the north inclining extends another small valley the southeast, forming the towards vallev large to the On the ridge dividing these Ziegler and Haas Knob. Church. Many of the Ziegel the stands two valleys and dales of the ridge slopes emigrants settled on the built their log cabins and stands, on which the church in the beginHence, early „ and onrl creeps. creeks / springs near Ziegel conof ^the origin the ning of the last century it one of the oldest conmaking caused gregation was county. gregations in the ,

and Schmalzgasz (the congregation of Salisbury towntownship) were classed by Schlatter as the twelfth pastoral charge. Having no church building and no minister for the first ten years, a pastor from a distance came to administer the communion. In this way the members had also requested Rev. Mr. Schlatter to visit them, and through his instigation caused the erection of a church building. Rev. Bohm, persuaded by Schlatter, accepted their invitation. In 1749 the congregation met and resolved to build their first church. It was built of rough logs, with no floor and without any pretence. July 29, 1750, the church was dedicated by the Rev. Philipp Jacob Michael, Reformed minister, and Rev. Jacob Friederich Schertlein, Lutheran minister, as a Union Church for the Reformed and Lutherans.

Among

the families that organized the congrega-

Adam

Brans, Ludwig Reichard, Bernhard Schmidt, Nicolaus Mayer, Peter Haas, Jorch Schaefer, Karl Oorn, Urban Friebel, Johann Merkel, Daniel Krausz, Michael Hotz, Johannes Hergerether, Egitticus Grimm, Zacharias Heller, Friedrich Windisch, Adam Weber, Georg Bayer, Johann N. Gift, Georg Wendel Zimmermann, Michael Old, Heinrich Gagenbach, Melchior Ziegler, Philipp Breinig, Peter Heimbach, Bartholomaus Miller, Georg A. Leibensperger, Jacob Kuntz, Albrecht Himmel, David Muszgenug, / Michael Confort, Andreas Sassamanshausen, Georg Schumacher, Melchior Seib, Heinrich Miller, Johannes Vogel, Jacob Riimmel, Johannes Hermann, Conrath Neff", Johannes Heider, Adam Schmidt, Philipp Wendel Klein, Johannes Bar, Jacob Goho, Franz Wesco, Yost Schlicher, Philipp Fenstermacher, Jacob Acker, Georg Falk, Daniel Hettler, Jacob Weittion were

knecht, Johannes Doll.

Three years

after the

church was

built

Adam

Brausz, in the interest of the congregation, took a

warrant of the

tract, consisting of forty-two acres of

In 1771 the land was, through Adam Brausz (Reformed) and Jacob Grimm (Lutheran), patented to the congregation. The first church was of raw matethe pulpit was on trestles. rial in primitive style The church contained a rough home-made table; land.

;

the seats were huge logs resting on blocks

;

the roof

a ;

HISTOKY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

460

was covered with manufactured tiles, made by one of While the church was in course of construction a school-house was built. Prior to the school-house children were taught in a house near the church and also in Siegfriedsdale, three miles distant from the church. The first school-house was burned, but a more substantial one took its place. Originally the Ziegel Church was called "Macungie," being in the immediate neighborhood of the Macungie Creek and Valley. Macungie, the abbreviation of the Indian word " Rlauckkuntshy," signifies "eating bears." Leaving the barren, snow-covered the members.

gravel, the bears sought their pasture in this valley,

and hence its name. Rev. Schlatter records the Ziegel Church under the name " Macungie,'' and by the first surveys it was located in that township, but in later surveys that part containing the church was added to Weissenberg. The name Ziegel was then substituted on account of its tile-covered roof. Dr. Harbach erroneously mentions in his book, " Schlatter's Life and Travels," page 160, foot-note 3, the Trexlertown as the Macungie congregation. The travels of Schlatter into the interior of Pennsylvania occurred in 1747 at that time there existed no other congregation in

Macungie except organized

till

Ziegel's,

The

1784.

and Trexlertown was not Macungie congregation

old

was the Ziegel. Jacob Friedrich Schertlein (Lutheran) and Philipp J. Michael (Reformed), the ministers who dedicated the

first

church, were the

first

ministers of this con-

Schertlein was an able Lutheran minisand of high standing. Michael was no minister by profession, not even a schoolmaster, but a weaver by trade. However, he was not immoral yet, judging from his handwriting, especially as he kept the records of the churches, his education must have been limited. Nor was he without talent, the members lauded his preaching. But he was without ordination, squatter in the church. He organized more congregations in Lehigh and Berks Counties. The Michael's Church, in Berks, was named in honor to him. Mi-

De Long Church he fell from the pulpit, being drunk to keep his balance. South from the church in a dale entering Kline's

the too

Valley was an Indian village, quite near the farm of Grimm. The Indians had a burial-place here.

Jesse

many Indian

relics, such as tomahawks and Farther down the valley near Breinigsville lived old Father Trexler, with whom the

Years ago

arrows, were found.

Indians were on the most friendly terms.

tion.

The

first

years of the settlers were full of hard-

furniture,

cloth,

their

members against the Coetus established by Schlatter, and withstood in all respects the synodical organization of the Reformed

drove 1729,

Those following

They

cumstances.

capitals

intelligence, being a schoolmaster

had

settled in

him

from Europe.

in

He

AUemangel, near Ebenezer (now Trip-

taught school, read sermons for the congregation Heidelberg, and finally declared himself minister of the gospel. After serving Ziegel congreoli),

Lynn and

in

gation he preached in Ebenezer, and died there, and buried in the cemetery of that congregation.

is

Who

the Lutheran ministers were who served the congregation from the timeof Schertleiu's resignation to 1781 for

some

He must

is

not known.

years.

A

Very

likely there

were none

certain Fritz served a short time.

have been a spiritm frumenti subject,

for in

of living,

later

were in better

sold their properties in

when they reached

cir-

Germany

the seaports at

or Rotterdam, in the Netherlands, their

were much drained.

Those having no money

passage to America were cared for by the shipowners, and on their landing in Philadelphia were for the

sold as servants for the passage, five to

seven years.

and had

to serve

from

The voyage was made by

the

and they were packed by the hundreds, governed by the strictest discipline, and even those that had the necessary money were obliged slowest Holland ships,

submit to the worst adversities of a sea-voyage. Rev. John H. Helfirich, the first ordained Reformed minister of the Ziegel congregation, kept a diary while

to

on his voyage

On

Michael's successor was Peter Miller, an equivalent

mode

many to emigrate. The emigrants of 1720 to who mostly located in Bucks County, were as a

rule poor.

Church. in propensities, also unordained, yet exceeded

agriculture,

commerce, etc. The first emigrants were persecuted at home. The Palatinates and the Huguenots were still persecuted by the Catholics. Late wars, which devastated Germany and impoverished its subjects,

Amsterdam

chael influenced his

interest for us

those adversities were

the ocean passages, finding proper locations, cabins,

at better prices, but

—

Among

as their descendants.

ter,

—

much

ship and adversity, and have

gregation.

;

Mrs. Trex-

baked bread for them and gave them small presents, in exchange for which they brought game and smoked their pipes of peace. Later, when the forest gave way to civilization, the Indians left their village, and occasionally returned to visit their burialground. Between 1754 and 1763, when the Indians became unruly, they disturbed also Ziegel's congregaler often

Sept.

to

6,

America, and the following

1771, in

company with

is

from

it.

his step-brother,

Rev. Albert C. Helifenstein, and Rev.

I.

G. Gebhard,

Reformed Church in Pennsylvania, appointed by the Holland Synod, sailed from Amsterdam. The same day, at noon, the ship stranded, and necessitated the assistance of another large vessel to relieve them. Again on the third day they were overtaken by a storm, and as the Texel was reached the storm increased so much that three three missionaries for the

anchors were

and the to

cast.

The storm

lasted

seven days,

was so disabled that they were obliged Newcastle for repairs. From Newcastle

vessel

sail to

they started again, only to be overtaken by a second storm. On the 21st of October the ship entered the

Channel.

They encountered

the severest storm, which

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP. drifted

them

obliged to

to the coast of France.

sail to

Caen

days' delay again set

The

for repairs again,

sail.

the Atlantic was reached.

On the 4th Two days

ship was

and of

after six

November than two

less

months were required from Amsterdam by way of the English Channel to reach the ocean. On the ocean they were favored for several' days with good winds, and their voyage was prosperous. On November 9th they encountered their enemy in a new form, viz., thunder-storms and water-spouts to their right and left. They were drifted near the islands of Azore. For eight days the wind was in direct opposition to them. Another storm overtook them, the rudder, masts, and rigging were destroyed, and all hopes of safety abandoned, and the vessel given its own course.

The next week following the voyage was tedious, and the provisions and water began to get low. On the 27th of November a hog was slaughtered, for the beef was eaten, and ham, bacon, and peas, and all the flour was ruined by the rats. From 27th of November to the 11th of December, after the ship-carpenter's repairs, the voyage progressed finely. A dolphin and several large fish were caught, which added to their limited store of provisions. On the 1 1th of December another storm destroyed the mainmast, and many of the sails were lost and torn. December 12th a second mast and the ship-beak were broken. The prospects were gloomy. The provisions were saturated with ocean water and unpalatable. On December 25th the drinking-water was distributed in small quantity each passenger received for his share two and a half glasses, which included their tea or coffee and soup. Their thirst, owing to the saturated and fast-decomposing meat, became intense. A few peas were left, which were served twice a week with bacon, and four hams were on board. They suffered hunger and thirst, and ten days with favorable weather was required to reach New York. The 1st of January the they hailed a whaler. On January 7th storm waves washed the deck, and took overboard the last hog and sty, which was kept for an emergency. Helffenstein and Gebhard and two other passengers were The storm also washed overboard, but were rescued. ;

;

drifted the vessel towards shore but six days later, while sounding, the weight sank twelve thousand feet and still no bottom. The next day they sailed one hundred and four miles, and sounded bottom at two hundred and ten feet. January 13th again one hun;

dred miles, and saw the coast of New Jersey at 8 p.m. York. of, and at midnight anchored at. New soil. American on stepped On Jan. 14, 1772, they ;

the lights

in four months and two watereight days, encountering seven storms, voyage is same the Now hunger. and spouts, thirst

The voyage was accomplished

made in nine days. Having landed in America,

the position of the early

agreeable and comfortable. settlers was anything but of their hope, but were Still they were in the land find suitable lands for and locate to now obliged

461

There was no want of locations and good was fertile, and awaited the plow and farmer, but to reach the sections was difficult. They were directed toward the Blue Mountains. To the Lehigh Mountains it was not so difficult, for roads were already broken, but over the Lehigh Mountains, the Kittanniny "Valley, and across it to the Blue Mountains was an impenetrable forest-land. An Indian path leading through Rittenhouse Gap was used, which was enlarged by axe and elbow-grease for the accommodation of wagons, and took weeks till the

homesteads.

The

lands.

soil

settlers arrived at their destination.

The

first settlers

of this congregation were a small

party that started together from the Palatinate.

They

mostly brought money. Such families as the Brausz, Reichards, Haas, Gagenbach, Grimms, and Lichtenwallners were even wealthy. They bought their horses, wagons, stock,

and agricultural implements in

The emigrants who had to pay for sea-voyage came later, selected homesteads, and

Philadelphia. their

found encouragement from their already-established

The

was told by had decided on a homestead they drove their wagon under some trees near a spring or creek a kettle hung to a cross-piece, supported by two wooden forks, was their neighbors.

writer of this article

veterans, buried long ago, that after the settlers

;

wagon with its covered roof the bedroom, and the forest with its blue sky their house. Huts, equal to the modern charcoal-burner's, were their next attempt, which they lived in till, by rotation, they could help each other to build log cabins which only had one room, without floor, and covered with rush and sod. Cellars were out of the question. Agriculture was the moat important thing. As soon as the temporary cabin was finished they cleared portions of forest, and year after year they kept on until they were supplied with sufficient tillable land. While thus engaged their wives cultivated the gardens, raised lettuce, turnips, cabbage, etc., and the kitchen soon had the odor of greens and vegetables. Early with the building of their cabins they planted apple-seeds, and in years afterwards they had a good supply of apples, which they distilled into apple-jack, and exchanged in Philadelphia for necessaries or money. From experience during the winter they learned that their cabins were not cold- and snowproof, so they improved and enlarged them. One of the first saw-mills was near the church, where the kitchen, the

—

—

combined enter the Macungie Valley, As soon as boards were to be had the carpenters modernized the cabins, added floors, rooms, and shingle-roofs. The log stable gave place to log barns with thrashing-floors, and on the right and left sides stalls for cattle and horses, and the usual lofts for grain and hay. The logs used in cabins and barns were " chinked" with straw and clay, making warm houses; later they added cellars to store the potatoes, which heretofore were covered with earth. The furniture was mostly brought from little rivulets

later called Schuyler's saw-mill.

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

462

Europe, some was bought in Philadelphia, and some made themselves. A table, chairs, bench,

succeeding, they were obliged to be satisfied with

the settlers

these substituted sermon-readers.

and bedsteads constituted a good outfit. Linens they brought from Germany. Flour was the scarcest article, and not to be had on this side of the Lehigh Mountains. They usually brought it from Goshenhoppen and Oley, and owing

onciled to these readers, and they served

chests, stove,

to break-neck roads could only bring small quantities

at a time.

This was remedied, however, for in Klinesthe mill now belonging to

dale a mill was erected,

—

This was the

Charles Kline.

first

in the settlement.

ere they had burial-places, they buried their dead on their own land, and hence the old farm burialplaces of those times were enlarged by relatives being buried aside of their fathers and mothers, and many

of these

finally

and quail were in abundance, and

keys, doves, ducks,

their tables were covered with these palatables.

Their greatest want was clothes. Those brought from Europe were worn out. They bought goods in sails, of vessels, which was of coarse fibre. It was made into garments, and in winter two or three suits would cover them to shield them from cold. But to buy required money, and their money was almost gone, so they raised flax for supply. Spipning began early in the fall and continued till spring. Looms sprung up, and gradually increased till nearly every tenth house had its loom. The German wives prided themselves upon their chests full of home-made linens, and their husbands were proud to wear the linen shirts of their own industry. Later they raised sheep and wool, which was interwoven with flax, and soon warm garments were made from wool alone. Most of the settlers had learned a trade, and hence

Philadelphia usually used for

there were tailors, smiths,

and

millers,

settlement

wanting

man

who helped each

many

other,

independent.

rather

for

carpenters,

years.

nature helped

itself;

shoemakers,

and made the were

Physicians

The

strong, healthy Gera few domestic remedies,

such as certain cines.

and

A

fever,

teas, etc., were all they had for medifew old ladies acted the midwife. Chills very common at this time, were treated

with soups and All business

full

doses of patience.

and exchange were transacted in Philadelphia. All they needed was brought from there, and all their products which they wished to exchange for money were taken there. And all was carried on by teams of individual parties, and passed through Goshenhoppen, from where a good road led to Philadelphia, making the trip to Philadelphia and

may

be seen in the western part of Lehigh,

and especially Berks, County. It was necessary in the old times to have their services of reading, but the

Deer, bears, wild tur-

Moun-

Before their church was built, and even long

tains.

the creeks abounded in

fish.

rec-

the con-

all

gregations on the north side of the Lehigh

Notwithstanding that fiour was scarce they never The forests were full of game, and

suffered for food.

They became

effects

Many

were not good.

of these readers

declared themselves ministers.

And when

the organized Coetus (Synod) of Rev. Schlatter sent

European ministers to serve these congregaand they came to take charge of these charges, these very same readers influenced the members against the European ordained missionaries. A certain Michael was such a reader, and the first Reformed preacher of the Ziegel congregation. What spiritual food the congregation then had can easily be imagined. But for many years this was calls to

tions,

their only resource.

Besides their public services

they lacked Bibles, hymn-books, and religious books.

Family worship was forgotten, and the welfare of the was of secondary consideration. On such basis the congregation rested, and was to improve. Near soul

the end of the period of these readers the Revolutionary war began.

In the winter of 1777

to 1778

Washington was quartered at Valley Forge. The winter was severe, and the situation for the soldiers This congregation provided to the means such articles as shoes, garments, and food, and sent them. In the following spring, when Congress provided more for its army, members of this congregation enlisted in the army and fought for liberty till the end, and brought home with them corrupted morals of army life. heartrending.

best of their limited

Taking into consideration the conditions and

sur-

roundings of this and neighboring congregations which prevailed to the end of the Revolution, we need not be surprised at the decline of Christianity, which increased for

From

many

The

years.

first settlers

had died.

the beginning there were few schools, and those

only in session a few months every winter. after year

died,

and in

appointed.

Year

they grew worse, for the European teachers their stead incompetent

Besides,

many

men were

often

children lived too far from

return in five or six days.

the school-houses, some five

Before the church was built the settlers held services in their houses, at which the schoolmaster

parents objected to their children going such a dis-

by singing, prayer, and reading a sermon. While the schoolmaster was absent or wanting, one of the members would take his place. Gradually these schoolmasters improved, became a necessity, and were called " home-made ministers.'' But at the time when this church was built the members went to Philadelphia to engage a real minister, but not officiated

tance,

and kept them home

and

six miles.

at work.

The European

school knowledge was buried with the early

and the knowledge

diffused

strong taint of illiteracy.

by

settlers,

later teachers

The church

personification of ignorance

cerned themselves

little

had a

interests of the

congregation lacked pastorship and fostering. stood under the leadership of readers,

Most

They

who were

the

and unordained, and con-

about church government. «

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP. They served merely

for the sake of pay, flattered the transgressions unchastised because they themselves often were guilty of the grossest mis-

members,

left their

demeanors.

Their stock of books was contracted to Arndt's " AVahres Christenthum" Bible, hymns, a book of sermons, and prayer-book. Notwithstanding these books were of the best kind, they were still not sufficient for their Christian furtherance.

The war enhanced the evil still more. Many returned from the war with their morals paralyzed, which resulted in the common frolics and gay living and games and sparring. The church, having lost its stronghold and respect, could not interfere, and things took their own course. The church sunk to stupidity and spiritlessness members finally decided that they only needed the sacraments and services every four weeks, and ceremonies for the dead, and weddings. ;

After a period of forty years the reign of the readers ceased, and the Ziegel congregation was supplied with ordained ministers. In 1778, Rev. John

H. Helffrich was elected

as their pastor.

He

answered

the call of Coetus in 1772, and came as missionary.

He

was brought from Philadelphia by the Kutztown and lived there two years, but moved The into the bounds of the Ziegel congregation. Kutztown congregation had accepted the jurisdiction congregation,

of Coetus, but

when

congregation under

Helffrich tried to bring the Ziegel its

influence he

met with oppo-

There were two readers still in the neighHentzel was HelfMch's predecessor in Kutztown, and was disposed of on account of his

sition.

borhood.

loose morals.

The

other, a certain Eoth, for similar

463

Most of the churches erected about this time in Eastern Pennsylvania had something harmonious, or

common,

in

in the

manner

in

which they were con-

may

be said the time had its style of architecture entirely distinct from later modes of con-

structed.

It

struction.

After this style the second Ziegel Church

Following was the method of construction: The building was of stone, greater in width than in depth, yet almost a square. Large double doors opened on the front and on both of the sides, and on either side of these doors an oblong window, protected by shutters, was let into the wall. Over the doors was put a beautiful, artistic, and finely-carved lintel or pediment about a foot wide. On the second floor

was

built.

there were windows on three sides, all

alike,

and

above there was a round bow. The two middle ones in the gable ends had also on the right and left small windows at the sides, which lent an air of propriety to the whole, and gave the church throughout a sacred appearance. Each gable end had also an entirely round window, similar to the roses in the old Gothic style. The rear wall of the church had in each story towards the sides only two windows, because in the middle stood the pulpit, above which a small window admitted light as well as cool air in

summer.

The arrangement of the

An

erence to the doors.

was made with refrunning in from each

interior

aisle

door divided the room into four parts. Near the side entrance were the steps leading to the galleries. Along the long rear wall, upon pillars, stood the pulpit, in

the form of a tulip, small, and containing room for

reasons,

only one person, with a sounding-board above

gation,

The

was discharged from the Weissenberg congrewhich also chose Helffrich for their pastor. Stimulated by chagrin and jealousy, they succeeded in making the Ziegel obstinate and rebellious. Since Later, Helffrich could not succeed, he resigned. when the congregation saw the progress of the other churches under the sway of able ministers, they con-

sented to be admitted to Coetus, and elected Helffrich

again as their pastor. The second church was built during the pastorship of Rev. J. H. Helff'rich. The small log church that

was built in 1749, and had seen forty-five years of make room for services, became too small, and had to congregation the 1795 In accommodations. better The times. resolved to build a church befitting the to where as themselves among divided members were church was to be built. The old church was the

new

the old burial-ground. on the western opposite the burialchurch new the wanted Many finally decided that they vote by

corner of

ground.

It

was

their choice. The throwing their hats to the place of opposite the old most hats were found on the place erected. there was church, and the new building and Obenhausen Helffrich Revs. 1796, May 16, and in the fall of at the corner-stone laying, officiated

dedicated the new the same year the same ministers

church.

it.

pulpit stairs ascended from a small space in

the wall about four

which was known

feet

long by three in width,

as the pastor's seat, or room.

In

front of the pulpit, in a large clear space, stood

This was not a vessel such as

the altar.

is

generally

found, but was rather an altar, constructed after the fashion of the Ark of the Covenant, and was covered

with a black vestment, which was again covered during communion service with a white cloth. In later times the pulpit was covered with the same The galleries, resting kind of a black vestment.

upon seven columns, extended around the three

sides

opposite to the pulpit, and were so high that no one sitting in

At

first

them could

see the minister at the altar.

the gallery on the right of the pulpit con-

it was removed to the one immediately facing the pulpit. The congregation was divided according to age and sex between the The fronts only of the different parts of the church. galleries, as well as of the doors and windows, and the sides of the pews were painted white the pews themselves, which formed the greatest part of what struck the eye, were unpainted, and in the course of time obtained a dull brown color, which made a solemn, dreary impression upon the mind. The frame-work of the roof was laid the longest way upon the walls.

tained the organ, but later

;

!

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

464

this style of construction was clumsy and not ecclesiastical in appearance, yet the pulpit, with

Although its

sounding-board,

made preaching

(deficient, alas

almost every respect) an easy matter in these churches.

in

The efforts of Rev. J. H. Helffrich, as before stated, were especially directed towards bringing the congregation into alliance with the Coetus (Synod), in order to obtain for

it

a surer

and more

certain establishment

When this was

accomplished he devoted himself with all the energy of his nature towards esHis tablishing a higher and better order of things. well-prepared sermons, delivered with earnestness and in love his strict discipline, without sharpness his elementary instruction of the young, and his unas a church.

;

tiring

;

fruit. Yet the The congregation ad-

industry bore their natural

progress was

only partial.

vanced in ecclesiastical matters, but the advance was mostly in forms. There was a lack of appreciation of the advantages of mental culture among the people. In fact, so limited was this appreciation that it was impossible to use the Heidelberg Catechism in its entire form in the instruction of the children. Neither were the young prepared by previous training to commit the larger answers, nor were they even inclined to do so. Many could neither read nor write, while others had never been within the four walls of the school-house. To overcome some of these difficulties Rev. Helffrich rewrote and simplified the Heidelberg Catechism, inserting the principal questions (with their numbers), so that every child could go over the whole catechism and commit many of the questions thus simplified. Through these means the Heidelberg Catechism was prevented from falling into disuse in his congregation. The children were instructed every Sunday before divine service, and by the help of his explanations and illustrations were enabled to commit the catechism to memory. Later he had this abridgment printed, and every child was required to have one, as well as the Heidelberg Catechism. It is still used as a catechism in Sunday-schools to this day.

through his labors, the church Veneration and love for the church sprang up in the people, and the church was conExternally

obtained new

also,

life.

After Eev. Helffrich's death, in 1810, Heinrich Diefenbach was called to serve the congregation provisionally. A son of Rev. Helffrich had begun to study theology, and it was agreed that Rev. Diefenbach should serve until the former should receive a The congregations license to preach from the Synod. of the Heidelberg, Lynn, and Lowhill Churches also joined in this provisional arrangement, and after a service of five years Mr. Diefenbach peaceably surren-

dered his charges to John Helffrich,

for a period of thirty-five years, until his death, in 1852.

During his long ministry he carried on the good work from the foundation upon which it had been laid. He pursued an objective course. His aim was the external presentation of the church as the bearer of

the means of salvation, and through these of the grace

He

of God.

sought to quicken Christianity, but only

within these limits.

He

was the

opposed

all

such in his congregations.

be thus seen that it was more necesdownward tendency than to think

Yet the good seed was sown and this self-same seed roots, and in its own appointed

of spiritual development.

by willing

ecclesiastical hands,

began to spread its time brought forth fruit in abundance.

of

On two

occa-

his service. It was between 1820 and 1830 that the schism known under the name of "the Free Synod" arose in the Reformed Churches of Eastern Pennsylvania especially, the seed of which spirit was industriously sought t(j be sown also in the Ziegel congregation. Nor was it in vain: the seed took root, and not a small portion of the church-members were favorably inclined to the idea. The Lutheran minister, Johann Konosky, seceded about this time from the Lutheran Synod, and drew after himself all his congregations, among them the Lutherans of the Ziegel Church. Thereupon the Reformed congregations also wished to separate from their Synod. This purpose Rev. Helffrich opposed with all the earnestness of his nature. To disprove what the schismatics loudly pro-

—that the old Synod desired enslave the — he obtained from the Synod a written decla-

claimed, people,

at

It will

enemy

sions especially he maintained this position during

badly conducted, the literature necessary for the advancement of popular education was entirely wanting and the spirit of the times tended downwards. Beyond all, there was a lack of spirit in the German Churches of America which was everywhere more or less perceptible.

bitter

everything which tended even in appearance to subvert the old forms and methods, and energetically

ration, addressed to the Ziegel

sary to check this

the latter

Synod. Johannes Helffrich was chosen as pastor in 1816, and served this and the other congregations above named

Towards the attainment of a complete revivification the proper conditions were wanting, however. The schools were

stantly building a surer foundation.

when

had completed his studies in Philadelphia under Dr. Helfenstein, and had received his license from the

to

Church, that

it

should

not at any time be obliged to do anything to the loss of its freedom. This writing, composed in the Synod

Lebanon, in 1829, and attested under the hands of officers, was read to the Ziegel congregation, and the spirit of Free Synods, even if not entirely exterminated, lost its hold upon the people. The other disturbance which shook the church in his time was that created by the birth of the spirit of fanaticism. This excitement pervaded the whole German Church, more or less, everywhere. It took its origin from without the church, and sought to press its way from without into the church. It naturally tended to the establishment of the "anxious bench," the synodical

•

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP. and showed introduced

in

its

many congregations into which corrupt and unchristian nature.

the rise of this spirit, so spirit of the

little in

it

was

From

consonance with the

Reformed Church, Rev. Helffrich could

He

foresee the promise of but little good.

did not

permit himself to give the movement any countenance, but, on the other hand, took a position too far in the extreme, and too far, perhaps, behind the times.

He

We will

constantly said to his flock.

abide by the

old customs; let us cultivate these.

In the Ziegel Church, too, the fanatical spirit attempted to obtain a foothold, but, owing to the opposition of their pastor, the church remained unharmed by the storm,

which swept over other churches

When

blast.

the

first

like a scorching fury of the storm had blown

man began

over,

of the sermon

the work of reformation by means and the accustomed use of the means

of grace.

About the year

1840, Rev. Helflfrich founded the Sunday-school in this congregation without any difficulty, the members willingly lending themselves to the project. It showed the maturing of a healthy

first

new life and greater activity. On Whit-Sunday and Whit-Monday, the 8th and 9th

feeling of

of June, 1851, the church celebrated the

memory

of

foundation by holding a centennial jubilee. The church was splendidly adorned. The walls, windows,

its

465

entered also here. Everything that was attained here was accomplished by the use of the means of grace, and no artificial means helped to the desired end. First, divine service began to be held more frequently, and there was preaching on the Reformed side every other Sunday. The sermon had a known and active Christianity which became visible in practical results in the daily life of the people. A chandelier and lamps were purchased for the purpose of holding evening services, and it was here that the first of these was held. The prejudice against them quickly disappeared. The more frequently divine services were held the more industriously and in greater numbers came the congregation to the house of God, so that frequently there was not room for all. But what beyond all, even if slowly, assisted in surer progress was the instruction of catechumens, to which every attention was devoted, and which were attended even by many adults. The

Heidelberg Catechism, although never omitted in this instruction, was now introduced in its full form, and made the groundwork of the church life. The practice of the discipline inculcated by the catechism and constitution of our church met with approbation it was severely exercised upon the catechumens, and ;

especially directed against the immoralities of the corrupting " frolics." The consecration of the consistories

was now accomplished with genuflexion and

were hung with evergreen, flowers, and fir-branches. Four sermons were preached to the immense concourse by Revs. C. G. Herman, Jeremias Schindel, and W. A. Helffrich. Historical tablets on each side of the pulpit showed the numbers 1745 and 1845, signifying that a completed century lay

the laying on of hands, according to the direction of

In this period a rich and blessed congre-

About the year 1860 the Bible class came into existence. Members assembled in each other's houses; and

organ, pillars, pulpit,

in the past.

etc.,

gation had arisen out of the wilderness.

From

the

and cares of the old German fathers had sprung opulence and ease. There, at the side of the church, in the northeastern part of God's acre, sleep, mostly

toil

with unmarked graves, all of those who laid the first xorner-stone of this church. No stone marks the last resting-place of the first departed of the fathers. And where were stones to be taken from and prepared? Later, slate were used as headstones, but these soon

crumbled from rain, frost, and heat, and now scarcely any inscription upon them can be read. Still later a are small number of sandstones were erected, which still which are upon inscriptions the still standing, and legible,

but

fast decaying.

increased farther

down

As

the

in the

number of graves

cemetery there

first

m

improving appeared memorial stones in marble, form and inscription with time. celebration, the pasIn 1852, the year following the the death of Rev. John through vacant became torate A. Helff-rich, who had Helflrich and his son, William assisted his father in

his

clerical

labors for seven

as his successor. years already, was chosen The also to this church. came time Finally a better grace, awakening a more lively God's of visitation everywhere stirred our church at this time, faith,

'

which 30

the constitution, a thing which had never before been done.

Communion

services

were held more

fre-

quently, and kneeling in prayer during the prepara-

tory services was first

now

introduced.

Many

knees, at

very stubborn, learned in time to bend willingly.

engaged in singing, prayer, admonition, and the reading of scriptural selections, upon which they made observations. Weekly prayer-meetings were held either in the church by the pastor or in their houses by the members themselves. There was also an increase

The fruit of this new life began to bloom,

of activity in regard to missions. varied labor did not

A

fail.

which brought peace and joy to many a heart and home. During the fall of 1862, among all the excitement and disturbances of our civil war, the congregation resolved to build a

stood

new

church.

for sixty-eight years,

become too

small.

corner-stone of the

On

The

and

its

old edifice

had

capacity had

Ascension-day, 1862, the

new building was

laid.

The

immorality of the so-called " Hucksters" (generally prevailing at this time in Eastern Pennsylvania) became, during the construction of the new building, the occasion for an unholy strife. These hucksters, who sold cakes, drinks, etc., under booths at all worldly gatherings of the people, had also for a long time been offering their wares, even at sacred festivals on the

Sabbath-day, bidding defiance to the very face of Under these tents or booths hundreds of

the church.

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

466

people stood engaged in

and

light, trifling

conversation

church divine serHere there should be

in buying, while within the

vice was being conducted.

God, and yet right beside it there were Sabbath-breaking and a scandalous, frivolous, worldly traflic and barter, mocking everything sacred. The building committee took the arrangereverential worship of

ment

of the corner-stone-laying festival out of the

hands of the consistory and gave permission to the hucksters to carry on their immoralities. Under a resolution of the Eastern Pennsylvania Classis, no minister belonging to the Classis was permitted to be present at any church festival at which huckstering was carried on. In obedience to this resolution the Reformed pastor remained absent from the cere-

The

monies.

friends of the hucksters

made

this the

memory of the publication of the Heidelberg Catechism was celebrated by this congregation durin

ing the construction of the church.

The

result, as

was not what was desired. 'The contributions were meagre, and none at all were received from the friends of the far

as the altar offerings were concerned,

The large church debt, the hard times, and the grinding substitute taxes occasioned by the civil war, prevented the faithful and willing also from hucksters.

giving according to their wish.

The Lutheran

ministers of the congregation were Jacob Friederich Schertlein, who is His handremembered as a talented preacher. writing appears but seldom on the church records. His ministry must have continued but for a short led by Rev.

After Schertlein there

time.

followed

a succes-

whom

following year, was to be dedicated, and the huck-

nothing is remembered, not even their names being known to posterity. They extended to the year 1780, when Rev. Daniel

again received permission from the same source be present, the Reformed Consistory resolved not to hold their services in conjunction with the Lutherans, who allowed themselves to be led by the friends of the hucksters, but appointed them for a later day. The dedication was then held on the 26th of June, 1864, without hucksters. Revs. J. S. Herman and W. A. Helffrich, the Reformed minister, conducted the

Schumacher was reached. He lived among the Weissenberg people, and joined all his congregation to the Lutheran Synod. His descendants still live in Weissenberg and Lynn townships. Rev. Schumacher's labors were continued till 1785, when Rev. Daniel Lehmann was chosen, who served for about fifteen or eighteen years. He was followed by Rev. Johann Friederich Obenhausen, who also had

services.

a charge in Eisenhard's Valley, near Grim's Mill.

pretext for a controversy which aroused no citement.

When

little

ex-

the church, on Whit-Sunday in the

sters to

The new brick church county, and

is

is

one of the largest in the

a beautiful building.

Its belfry

and

towers arise high in the air from the spot where the

Five high Gothic windows on each and an addition to the building containing the

old church stood. side,

a sacred appearance. The galleries rest Above the pulpit a Gothic bow runs along the small rear wall, and divides the addition

pulpit, give

on iron

it

pillars.

from the main building.

A

sion of preachers, of

He was also an organ-builder, and erected the first organ for the Ziegel Church, which was replaced in later times by the present one built by C. Hanzelman. After Obenhausen Rev. Heinrich Geisenhainer served for a short time, being succeeded by Revs. G. Wartmann and J. Daering, called by the common people the "little ministers." They served all their

congregations in

common, beginning with

hall at the entrance in

the one at the Jordan, where they lived. Rev. Johann

the front part of the church, from which steps ascend

from

Konoske followed them. He united the congregation with his Kulztown charge, and led this and his

All the wood-work of the inte-

other congregations into breaking their connection

to the galleries, prevents all disturbing noises

being heard within.

and ceiling and walls are beautifully frescoed. The gentle half-light caused by the curtains at the windows and the dark colors of the paints leave a solemn impression upon the mind. The congregation pursued a new and excellent plan tor paying off the church debt, a plan which deserves to be adopted elsewhere. When upon the completion rior is artistically painted,

—

appeared a considerable debt remained, which would not be defrayed by the subscriptions, both consistories met and made a statement showing how much each member would be compelled of the building

it

pay off the debt at once, these statements being based upon the ability of each to pay. They then submitted this statement to the members, with an explanation of their plan, and but three or four were unwilling to pay the sums asked of them. To be free of debt is a blessing for any church and deserves emulation. The tri-centennial jubilee and anniversary festival to contribute in order to

with the Synod. in the archives

He composed

among

a writing, now lying

other old papers, in which he

which induced him to take that and endeavors to justify his course. Rev. Jere-

gives the reasons step

mias Schindel, his successor, a preacher beloved of the people, assisted in sowing the seed of a better time,

and

his

works have been greatly blessed.

His

many a cold heart. He by Rev. Owen Leopold, the present

loving sermons thawed open

was followed pastor.

The spiritual condition of the Lutheran portion of the congregation has from that time been on an equal footing with that of the Reformed. In the spring of 1879, Nevin A. Helffrich, a son of Rev. William A. Helffrich, was examined and licensed at the session of the East Pennsylvania Classis, held at

at

Lehighton, and in the year following was ordained AUentown by Lehigh Classis, which, during the

course of the year, had been founded through the

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP. division of the East Pennsylvania Classis, and was appointed to assist his father. Rev. Nevin A. Helffrich is the fourth preacher of this family, who have served in unbroken succession for one hundred and

eleven years.

The Weissenberg Church.^—This church was also known during the last century as the Weissen Church. The church building

stands in the northeastern corner

of Weissenberg township, Lehigh Co., Pa., near to the division-line between that township and Lowhill township, in which latter the greater part of the congregation reside. It is a union church, all the build-

and lands of the church being owned in equal right by the Reformed and the Lutherans. The

ings

congregation spread on the north to Heidelberg, on the south to the Ziegel Church, and on the Avest to Jerusalem (AUemiingel) Church. All the region in which the congregation dwell is very hilly, with

narrow valleys, well watered by many small brooks. The well-wooded hills, the excellent water, and the rich meadows, irrigated by many springs, were the attractions that caused the first emigrants to settle there.

467 Werly (Werlein).

George Zimmermann. Johannes Zerfasa. Valentin Derr (Durr). Peter Weias. Heinrich Georg. Johannes Georg.

Sebastian

Adam

Johann Diedrich Heimann. Heinrich Hartmann. Wilhelm Schroetter.

Peter Franz.

Jolm De Long. Jacob Heilmann, Friederich Siiuberling.

Mathiius Schneider.

Biir.

Leonbard Frey. Jacob GrQnewald, Wendel Holben.

Sr.

Andreas Eschbach. Peter Kocher.

Michael Braucher. Nicolaus

Kemp.

Peter Schopp.

Martin Buchmann. Valentin Graumlich.

Philipp Scholl.

Michael Bieber.

Jacob Senser.

Friederich Weigand.

Michael Bock. Jiirg

Emmerich

Jost Diehl.

Sebastian Gehringer.

Schick.

Michael Halleubach.

Andreas Sinckell. Jilrg Sieger.

Peter Rabenold.

Jilrg Knodler.

Johann Meyer,

Georg Schiiasler. Eberhard Schmidt. Jilrg Kind.

Peter Babl.

Daniel Stettler.

Johann A. Geiss. Johann Kniirr.

Johann Adam Klein.

The

following

list is

taken from the Colonial Rec-

and shows the names of the settlers, the day of registry in Philadelphia, and the name of the ship upon which they arrived ordsj

:

The settlement took place contemporaneously with that in Allemangel, indeed properly belongs to

it.

The later arrivals who could not conveniently find room in Allemangel moved farther towards the east The first pioneers and founded this community. were Petrus Herber and Peter Weiss. The former dwelt at Oley, in Berks County, where his son, John Jacob, married Dorothea, a daughter of Jost Heinrich Sassamanshausen. The wanderers to this region were Swiss, Palatines, and Wiirtembergers, and many of them had dwelt some time at Oley, first

Goshenhoppen, Falkner's Swamp, and other places south of the Lehigh Mountains before they settled in Their relatives and acquaintances, who this region. had preceded them, had colonized these places, and with them many tarried before they settled in Weissenberg. They could not find among them such farms heads of families as they cared to select gathered together, hunted up suitable land and tracts, ;

so the

and later brought their families there. Many of their names appear on the colonial records, showing that they wandered hither about the year 1730 but most of them did not settle down here till about 1740, between which year and 1750 the principal settlement took place. Many of the original families have died out entirely or moved away from this region, and their ;

names have disappeared entirely. The following names appear on the church records first settlers

as those of the

:

Jacob Weiss, June

Heinrich Krechlocb.

Petrus Herber.

[

By Rev, William

Johannes Krechloch. Jacob Bachmann. ChriBtian Miiller.

Andreas Biess. JohannsB Carral.

A. Helffrich.

on ship "Albany" from Rotterdam. on ship " Martenhouse" from Rot-

21, 1729,

Christoph Frey, June 21, 1729, on ship

dam. John Daniel Werly, June

21, 1729,

'*

Martenhouse" from Rotter-

on ship " Martenhouse" from Rot-

terdam.

Michael Thomas, Aug.

29, 1730,

on ship " Thistle of Glasgow" from

Rotterdam. Casper Bittner, Aug.

29, 1730,

on ship " Thistle of Glasgow" from Rot-

terdam.

Casper Hartmann, Aug.

29, 1730,

on ship "Thistle of Glasgow" from

Rotterdam.

Hans Jacob Bar, Nov. 30, 1730, on ship "Joyce" from Rotterdam. John Bar, Nov. 30, 1730, on ship "Joyce" from Rotterdam. Heinrich Schiissler, Sept. 26, 1732, on ship " Mary" from Rotterdam. Georg Schiissler, Sept. 26, 1732, on ship " Mary" from Rotterdam. Hana Jacob Schiissler, Sept. 26, 1732, on ship " Maiy" from Rotterdam. Heinrich Schiissler, Sept,

Hans Peter Werly,

on ship "Mary" from Rotterdam. "Mary" from Rotterdam. 1732, on ship " Dragon" from Rotterdam.

26, 1732,

Sept. 26, 1732, on ship

Christian Hoffmann, Sept. 30,

30, 1732, on ship " Dragon" from Rotterdam. Peter Schlosser, Sept. 30, 1732, on ship "Dragon" from Rotterdam.

Leonhard Schlosaer, Sept.

Georg Ludwig Schiitz, Sept. 30,1732, on ship "Dragon" from Rotterdam. Georg Bar, Oct. 11, 1732, on ship " Pleasant" from Rotterdam. Hans Peter Frey, Aug. 17, 1733, on ship "Samuel of London" from Rotterdam. Friederich Leiby, Aug. 17, 1733, on ship

"Samuel of London" from

Rotterdam. Heinrich Brunner,

May 29, 1735, on ship " Mercnry" from Rotterdam. Johannes Weiss, May 29, 1735, on ship " Mercury" from Rotterdam. Casper Bleuler, May 29, 1735, on ship "Mercury" from Rotterdam. Valentin DIehl, Sept. 12, 1734, on ship "St. Andrew" from Rotterdam. Abraham Diehl, Sept. 12, 1734, on ship " St. Andrew" from Rotterdam.

The congregation

takes its origin from the year Divine services had, however, heen held at the homes of members before that time, undoubtedly by Rev. Kidenweiler, who resided in this neighborhood, and was known by the name of the "Swiss minister." By this time Jacob Holben had been elected an elder of the Weissenberg Church. The construction of the first church building dates from June, 1754, 1747.

Jacob Herber. Peter Weias. Jacob Holben. Theobold Kempfer. Jobannes Ehrenhard.

22, 1728,

Hao8 Ulrich Frey, June terdam.

—

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

468 Like

it was was somewhat better constructed than most of them. In 1754 handicrafts were already better represented, and it is said there was at that

all

other churches in those early times

built of logs, but

time already a saw-mill in operation in the AlleKistler's Valleys turning out boards and shingles. The Rev. Daniel Schumacher is authority for the statement that it was dedicated by the Revs. Rudolph Kidenweiler and Jacob Friederich Schertlein, the first two pastors of the church. Soon afterwards the building of the church a school-house was

mangel and

also erected.

The

primitive circumstances, the development of

the people, the religious customs, and their decay

were the same here as in munities.

all

the neighboring com-

(See the history of the Ziegel Church.)

About 1765 there arose here an unfortunate fight, which increased till the greater part of the Reformed congregation seceded and formed the Lowhill Church. They were the original settlers, and numbered the most but as they could not obtain any title for various reasons to the Allemangel Church in Kistler's Valley, they had moved farther towards the east, and really originated this church. They intended at the same time, however, to allow equal share to the Lutherans. Now, it happened that the latter, having ;

a better minister, Rev. Daniel Schumacher, obtained more influence than the Reformed members, who,

under Rev. J. Michael, did not increase. This was the beginning of ill feeling. Soon there followed offensive expressions, and the fires of discord broke out. Whatever was desired by the one party was opposed

by the

Bachman, George, Weiss, Mannebach, and a portion of the Holben families separated from this congregation, and began the Lowhill as a purely Reformed Church. But some remained in Weissenberg, as the Herber, Frey, and a part of the Holben families. They could not tear themselves away from their old homes and their dead. The Weissenberg Church remained a union church, but the Reformed members formed but a small part of

it,

other.

as they

So, after a while, the

do to the present day.

During the time of the Indian troubles this community suffered greatly. Several dwellings were burned down, and the greater part of the inhabitants fled to parts farther south.

In the war of independence several members of the Their names are not

congregation served as soldiers.

known to the writer. When,

in the winter of 1777-78,

Washington's army lay encamped at Valley Forge, the people hereabouts sent relieve

its

down

food and clothing to

wants.

most of the settlements made by the Germans in America, warrants for the lands taken were not obtained by the squatters from the proprietaries till twenty, thirty, and more years after they had possession. The reason was this,— because the immigrants were led to believe in Germany that in America all the land was free, and that it was It is peculiar that in

only necessary to enter and take possession of in order to

become the owners of

Under

it.

it,

this

all the wanderers arrived here, hunted out such farms as suited them, and where they found them unoccupied, took possession of them without thinking they would ever be called on for pay. When the authorities insisted later on these

impression nearly

squatters purchasing warrants

The

they did so gradually.

for the lands taken,

freeing of the land from

the purchase-money imposed by the State, and the taking-up of their deeds patent consumed a great deal of time, and valid titles for much of the land in this

community were not obtained

the present

till

century.

The gayety of the Palatines, from which has arisen The Merry Palatinate may God preserve it so !" the kindly disposition of the Swabian, known over the whole world the tenacity of the Swiss, who the saying, "

:

;

does not permit himself to be beaten in any way,

and the hard-headedness of the old-time German, these are characteristics to be found in Weissenberg and Lowhill down to the present day. A merrier disposition will hardly be found anywhere, there is not a more hospitable people, but it will also be difficult to discover harder and more obstinate heads than here. During the long winter evenings, and especially in times of good sleighing, it has always been the custom for social gatherings, consisting of relatives and friends, and perhaps three or more families, to gather together at

wooden

each other's homes.

sleighs are hitched

utmost capacity, and driven

The

up and loaded

large

to their

to the designated place,

where already many of the invited have gathered.

Then the evening talities

is

passed in enjoying the hospi-

of the host and in festivities, extending often

into the early hours of the morning. visiting are

among

Driving and

the established customs of this

community, a custom, alas, which encroaches more and more upon the observance of the Sabbath. There can hardly be a place found elsewhere in our eastern counties where so much driving is done on Sunday as here in this neighborhood.

In the time of Pastor Schumacher many baptisms were held at the homes of the members, and these were always celebrated with feasts, after the manner of the Palatines. The church record shows that frequently two or three pair of godfathers and godmothers stood for one child. An example is taken from the church book " At the baptism of Johannes Christianus Reiss, an infant son of Johann Daniel Peter, on the 1st of March, 1760, the following persons stood as godfathers and godmothers, viz. Daniel Schumacher, the Lutheran minister, and Maria Elizabeth, his wife; Johann Heinrich Widersheim, elder of the Reformed Church in Lynn, and the Widow Anna Elizabeth Yuncker; Peter Bahl and :

:

Catharina, his wife; and also Johann Diel

and Anna Barbara, the minister.

his wife,

— eight

Hermann

persons, besides

—

:

—

WETSSENBERG TOWNSHIP. But a wedding was the occasion for the greatest display of hospitality and merry-making. The sport

at

mad and wild. The thrashing-floor was bedecked with greens and turned into a dancingfloor, where young and old swung in merry circles. It is not wonderful that the long and numerous harvest-time festivities often required from six to eight large, fat hogs, and frequently more than an ox and that old John Wickell, the butcher, who received

these was often

;

many

invitations to these feasts, said, " When I have butchered the hogs and made the sausage, I get nothing for it but the devil's thanks !"

On

the 7th of November, 1803, the congregation

having resolved to build a new church, a constitution was adopted, by which its construction and the future conduct of the church should be regulated. The church was completed in the year 1804, and was dedicated with appropriate services, conducted by Rev. Johannes Heinrich Helffrich, the Reformed minister, and Rev. J. F. Obenhausen, the Lutheran minister.

The

consistory for that period

who

signed the at-

were Jacob Herber, Simon Georg, Heinrich Schneider, Mathias Sentell, Lorenz Holben, Abraham Grunewald, Philipp Herber, John Weiss, Heinrich Weiss, John Sieger, Heinrich Kregloh, Theobald Holben, Sebastian Werlein, Michael Werlein, Andreas Buchmann, Georg Rau, Andreas Bittner, Nicolaus Werlein, Valentin Werlein, Jacob Schumacher, Peter Hallenbach, Peter Rau, Sebastian Ettel, Frederick Seiberling, and Theobald Werlein. The church was built of logs, was well constructed, and appropriate for those times. The third church was built in 1830, of stone. The testation

congregation confirmed their old constitution, according to which this building also was put up. On the 30th of May, 1830, the corner-stone was laid, with services conducted by Rev. Johannes Helflfrich, the Reformed minister, and Rev. Georg Wartmann, the Lutheran pastor, both of whom preached sermons on that day. In the fall the same pastors conducted the

The record of the building of dedicatory services. is witnessed by the following

the church

The building committee,

Mcolaus Werly,

viz.:

Michael Frey, Andreas Bittner, Philipp Herber. The Lutheran elders: John Weida, Peter Buch-

mann.

The Reformed

elders:

Andreas

Rupp, Philipp

Herber.

The Reformed deacons, viz. Jacob Blessler, MiAbraham Grunewald, Jacob Herber. The Lutheran deacons, viz.: Johannes Seibert, :

chael Frey,

Solomon

Friederich

Rabenold,

Dengler,

Andreas

Werly.

The The The

treasurer

:

Jacob Herber.

school-teacher Heinrich Busse. centennial jubilee was held by the congregathe 21st of September, 1851. In the morning :

on Lutheran minister, Rev. Jeremias Schindel, the preached, and in the afternoon Rev. William A. tion

469

the Reformed minister. The venerable Rev. Johannes Helffrich, was also present, and

Helffrich, father.

took part in the celebration.

The

fourth (and present) church was built of brick,

The corner-stone was laid by Rev. Herman, of the Reformed, and Rev. 0. Leopold,

in the year 1864.

A.

J.

of the Lutherans.

The Reformed ministers of the congregation were, 1. Rudolph Kidenweiler, a Swiss; he founded the church he preached also for the Long Swamp con;

He

gation seven and a half years.

left

in obedience to the call from the "Grosse

this

church

Schwamm"

Church, south of the Lehigh Mountains, where he died and was buried. His headstone still stands upon the cemetery of that church, with the following in" Here lies buried the departed reformed scription Preacher, Johannes Rudolph Kitweiler; his age was 47 years, 9 months he was born on the 2d of January, 1717, and died the 2d of October, 1764." 2. Philipp Jacob Michael, who began his .servicfj :

;

here in the year 1761.

Johann Heinrich Helffrich

3.

the

brought

followed,

and was

preacher from the Synod, with which he

first

this

church into union.

He served

this con-

gregation with the Lowhill before the latter had the

dispute with the Weissenberg.

was a brother-in-law of Rev.

Father Jacob Hei'ber Helffrich, both having

married daughters of Sassamanshausen-. Friendliness induced Rev. Helffrich to serve this congregation, and through his efforts, directly, peace was restored. After the Lowhill Church became a Union Church the same ministers served both that and this congregation, and the two were regarded as one. 4. Heinrich Diefenbach preached from the death of Rev. Helffrich, in 1810, till 1816. 5. Johannes Helffrich, the son of Johann H. Helffi-ich, was, after the completion of his studies, in 1816, chosen, and preached up to the time of his death, in In 1845 his son,

1852.

William A. Helffrich, was appointed his assistant by the East Pennsylvania Classis. He served till 6.

the year 1860.

Hermann was chosen minister in the and is now the pastor. The Lutheran ministers were, 1. Jacob Friederich Schertlein. 2. Daniel Schumacher, an able and well-educated minister from Germany. He came to this region when a young man, and married here Maria Elizabeth, a daughter of Georg Steigerwald. On the 11th of December, 1757, he delivered his first sermon. He lived with this community all his lifetime, died here, and lies buried in the old graveyard, with no stone marking his grave. 3. Hermann Jacob Schellhard, who preached here from 1770 to 1780. 7.

same

Alfred J. year,

4.

Daniel Lehman.

5.

J. F.

Obenhausen, who resided within the limits

of the Ziegel community.

;

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

470 6.

Friedericli Geisenhainer, minister here for

some

7.

school who had no qualifications whatrecommend them. Eilen Thai Schuhl (Owl Valley School).—Prob-

many taught ever to

years.

Georg Wartman and G. Daring, wlio dwelt with

the Jordan community, and served together the same

ably the third school in the township was the Eilen Thai

congregations.

School.

8.

Jeremiah Schindel, elected

9.

Owen

part of the township, about three-fourths of a mile

Leopold, the present pastor.

School History of Weissenberg.^— No sooner were the Palatinate and the Swiss Germans, who settled Weissenberg, established in their new homes than they began to establish schools and churches but in this, as in everything else, they had to contend against great difficulties. Being naturally poor, and but just settled in the wilderness, their means were scanty indeed.

To

cut

down

trees, build houses, clear

the land, they were impelled by their bodily wants.

Doing

was not the work of a day, and years of toil elapsed before they had anything to sell, and then, when they had it, there was no market at which to dispose of it. So, after they had gathered together congregations and schools, they often had this

unremitting

money to procure them. Hence churches and schools were few in number and far apart. At first there seem to have been no schools except those at the churches. These were under the control of the men that led in singing on occasions of public worship, and were termed church schools. For a long time this township had only two churches and probably only two schools, so it often happened that children had to go four or five miles to school. After a while, probably in 1770, other schools were established in parts most remote from the churches, wherever suitable rooms could be neither ministers, nor teachers, nor

obtained.

At

these the teachers at the churches, as

well as others, taught annually for a certain time, after their schools at

home had

closed.

continued for about fifty near the close of the last century.

affairs

During

this

tirely in the

year.s,

This state of probably to

time the schools were conducted enlanguage. The course of study

German

was reading, writing, singing, arithmetic as far as the fundamental rules, and probably the catechism. The course in reading embraced the A, B, C book, the Psalter, and the New Testament. The girls it was not thought necessary should study more than reading, the catechism, and singing. Many children grew up with no schooling at all, others with very little. The records, still existing, of transactions done during those times show that scarcely any of the women and a great

many of the men

could not even write their

own

Of those born in Germany, nearly all of the men and some of the women could write. The teachnames.

ers during the beginning of this period

that had been educated in Europe, but

were

all

men

some of them

and less qualified men took their places as teachers. So the schools suffered. From that time until the adoption of the common-school system

became

ministers,

About the year 1780 a movement was set on church and a school-house in the western

foot to erect a

in 1837.

southeast of the present village of Steins Corner, in

Lynn. The next year six acres of land were bought from George Grim by the Reformed and Lutheran congregations for the purpose of building thereon a church

and a school-house.

The school-house was

the church was not.

Preparations had been made for

building, and the stones had been hauled there,

when

The school-house

stood

the project was abandoned.

was built of heavy logs, and provided with a large stove, into which quite large logs could be put. Of the school we know but little, though it was kept up about forty years. The only teacher of whom we have any knowledge was a Mr. Widch, who taught there about the year 1810. About the year 1820, the building having become old and dilapidated, and a road having been laid out through the valley, an adjoining tract of land was bought from John Grim, and a new school-house was erected in the valley, a short distance from the site of the old one. This was also a wooden building, built of chestnut logs given by one Nathstein. It was a double building, one part for German school 'and the other part for an English school, or a dwelling for the teacher. Here the school was kept up until some time after the common schools had been organized. When the township was divided into school districts and school-houses built by the township, this school was discontinued, being succeeded by the Grim's and Gackenbach's schools. Among the teachers who taught in this second school-house may be mentioned George Heyneman, who taught English school. Ring, Wenzel, Everitt, Joe Pike, David Stettler, and others. When the school was discontinued, the land was sold and the money divided among the adjoining churches. An amusing anecdote is related of one of the early teachers at this last school-house. It seems he had a particular place at which he always sat, near which there was a hole in the wall. Now the pupils, who were nearly all large boys, conceived the idea of having some fun at the expense of the teacher. So every day one of them would go out, get a pole, thrust one end through the hole and poke the teacher's ribs. He would then jump up, seize his hickory, and run out, but by the time he reached the outside the miscreant would have disappeared in the woods. This

upon a

hill.

By Henry

F.

Kupp.

It

continued for a long time, but at last the teacher succeeded in catching one of them, and gave him such a thrashing as struck terror into the

rest.

Moyer's School.— This was the fourth school the township.

1

built, but

The

first

in

school-house stood at a cor-

ner of a field on the farm of Nicholas Moyer,

now

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP. occupied by Benjamin Fries, near Willow Creek. The district must have been organized and the schoolhouse built before the year 1800. The school-house

was

built of logs. The school was kept up until the year 1830 or 1832, when the building, being old and

dilapidated,

fell

into

The

disuse.

teachers

who

taught here, as far as we know, were Dornecker, Lauhenstein, and Conrad Dower, all Germans.

From here the school was removed to an old house on the farm of Jonathan Schumacher, now occupied and owned by Nathan Mohr, about a quarter of a mile north of the present village of Seipstown, where it was kept up for about seven years, the principal teacher being Conrad Dower. In the year 1839 the

new

school-house,

district

known

was reorganized, and a

as the

"

schuhl-haus

am

Schmidt-schap" ("school-house at the blacksmithshop"), was built on the land of Jonathan Wieand,

now owned by David

Smith,

Jr.,

near Heberly's

blacksmith-shop.

Here the school was kept up until the spring of the The teachers who taught here were John

year 1851.

Hossy, Geiger, Berndt, Henry, Miihlhaus, Charles Ziegler, Frank Haines (two terms), and Detvveiler. The two last named taught common schools. When the common school-houses were built in the summer of the year 1852 this school was again removed to near its old site, a school-house being built on the land of Daniel Moyer, at the cross-roads, above Bittner's mill, about a quarter of a mile from the original site. Among the teachers who have taught here may be mentioned Henry Quier, Frank Herber, Joel Bittner, Franklin J. Schumacher, Ealph P. Sowden, Solomon F. Rupp, O. D. Quier, Benedict P. Weiss, Daniel W. Benedict, Menno Heffner, Wallace Zimmerman, Isaac Haines, Franklin Stettler. These district schools were under the management of a committee of trustees elected by the patrons of each

district.

They employed the

teachers,

who

re-

ceived from two to three cents for every child present per day, which amount the teachers had to collect

themselves.

The teachers mostly boarded around. The German language was mostly taught, though the English language was introduced much earlier into these private The district schools than into the church schools. furniture of these schools was of the rudest kind. There were no desks, but a row of tables, like a huckthe whole length of the school-room. School at "Weiss's.—This school-house stood on the premises of Henry Weiss, now known as Weiss's ster's stand,

was organized and the schoolsome time between the years probably house was built 1822 and 1825. The school was kept up at this place operation for until the common schools had been in the Buck's by succeeded was it when years, several The teachers at this place were Elanius school. Kramlich, Amandas Stettler, David Stettler, and tannery.

others.

The

district

471

—

Smithville School. This school had its origin about the year 1819, when a school was opened in the dwelling-house of Mr. Burtz, on what is now known as the Stine farm, owned by Mr. Ziegler, about onehalf mile northwest from Heynemansville.

The teach-

were Ferdinand Bergenmeyer, Peter Maurer, Samuel Wagner, and others. After some time this school was removed to the Maurer farm, where Nathan Moser was the principal teacher. About the year 1848 or 1844 a school-house was built on land then owned by Jonas Metzger, now owned by Charles Donner, below where Fritz's store now is, by Gedion Barner, John Helffrich, George Danner, George Eisenhard, Jacob Werly, Jonas ers at this place

Metzger, Benjamin Grim, and others.

The

teachers

here were Samuel Eisenhard, W. A. Fenckner (the chocolate man), Philip Belling, William Stettler, and

When

the common-school houses were built was again removed, a school-house being built at the road between the present village of New Smithville and the Barner's farms, and known at first as the Metzger's, then as Barner's, and now as New Smithville Schools. Among the teachers were Phaon Lichty, Samuel W. Hacock, etc. Baer, others.

this school

—

Acker's School. Some time after the year 1800 a school was opened on the farm of Michael Acker, now

owned by Benjamin Grim.

This school was kept up, with perhaps slight intermissions, until near the time when the common schools came into operation, when Some of the it was succeeded by the Apple's school. teachers at Acker's were Daniel Helffrich,

Schrei-

and Fredericka Kengle. Among those at Apple's may be mentioned William Rupp, Franklin Acker, Heilman, and Amandas Knerr, Cyrus Rhodes, ber,

others. Seiberliiig''s School.

— About the year 1834 a school

was opened in the village of Mount Pleasant (now known as Seiberlingsville), and was kept up, with perhaps slight intermissions, until after the common schools had been in operation for several terms, when it was succeeded by the present Seiberlingsville school. Probably the first teacher was Andreas Ring, who was followed by several English teachers from Bucks County, Ellas Keiper (of Allentown), Joe Pike, and others. Among the teachers who taught common school here were Charles Leiser, Lavinius Holben, EmmaSeiberling, and others. Gottlieb Souders often

taught summer school here. Centre School, Centre School was started about the year 1830 in an old house on the premises

—

of

John

Bleiler, tanner.

The building was an

old

dwelling-house that had become too dilapidated to be rented. The first two years the school was taught by

Wilhelm Schreiber, a German. Then came Samuel Wagner. In 1834, the building having become too poor, the school was removed to another old house on the premises of Rev. John Helffrich. Here the school was kept up two years. The teacher was Orlanso Knapp, an Englishman. In 1836 the school was again

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

472

removed, this time to an old hatmaker's shop on the premises of Jonathan Xander, where it was kept up

two

years, the teacher being

Amandas

Stettler.

the shop becoming too small, the school was to

But

moved

an old house at Holben's (now Frank Knerr's), Mr. as teacher. During these ten

Stettler continuing

years the furniture of the school rudest kind.

The

consisted of the

teachers received a certain

amount

per day for each pupil, and most of them boarded around.

About the year 1840 a school district was organized by Henry Kramlich, Benjamin Bear, Andrew Hartman, Joseph Bear, Christian Kramlich, Benjamin Zimmerman, and others. Andrew Hartman gave the land, and Benjamin Bear and Christian Kramlich were the builders. The school-house thus built was a stone structure, about three-fourths of a mile northeast of

Heynemansville, on the road to Lyon Valley, and received the name Centre School-House. It continued to be used for a period of thirty-three years, until the Seipstown school-house was built, in 1873, when the Centre school was discontinued. The teachers who taught at Centre were William Wittemeyer (a German), William Tippe Cramer (an Englishman, from Philadelphia), Frank Haines, Amandas Stettler, David Stettler, Elanius Kramlich, and several others prior to the adoption of the common schools in 1849. After the adoption of the common schools, Mr. Gottlieb Souders, an educated man from Germany, taught here for many years, and the school had a very high standing. Franklin Bender and some others also taught here. O. D. Quier was the last teacher. During the time of the Township Institute it was mostly held here. A debating society also held its meetings here during the winter of 1872 and 1873. The house has since been torn down, and not a vestige of it now remains to mark the spot.

—

Private Schools. Besides the district and church schools, there were also a number of private schools at different periods in different parts of the township.

Sometimes

it

happened that men of means had a

large family of children,

whom

they wished to edu-

was usual, so they fixed up a room and got a teacher, and had school in their houses for their own and their neighbors' children. Among these were the first English schools. Sometimes, also, it happened that persons of some education got out of employment, and, finding a room at a suitable place, opened a school. Thus, about the year 1825 or 1826, Mr. Jesse Grim fixed up a room on his spring-house, got teachers from abroad, and had English school cate better than

kept for a period of about ten years. Killian Leiby, taught English school in his house some time after the year 1800. This man was a sort of " Jack

years he was

known

to

go around casting

tin spoons.

At the time when he taught school he lived where George Kuhns now lives. Nathan Moser also taught school of this kind some time about the year 1830, in a small shop at his home, on lands now owned by Aaron Stettler, about a quarter of a mile south by east of Claussville.

Henry Busse, the veteran teacher at the Weissenberg Church, taught school at one time at Feldi Werly's, in the kitchen. At Dewald Werly's there was school for several terms in the garret of an old distillery.

Some

seventy years ago, one Martin Brechall, a

John Nicholas Werly's, Here the bustle of the school-room

Hessian, taught school at in the kitchen.

hum of the busy housewife's spinseems to have been an expert with the rod and pen. He wielded the former with an iron hand. His pupils were mostly grown-up boys with some grown-up girls. They sat on both sides of a table, ranged through the middle of the kitchen, while he sat behind, with his back to the pupils and his face towards the wall. Yet whenever a pupil did the slightest mischief he was sure to be detected and punished without mercy. Occasionally some young sharper would think, " Well, now, he won't see me," and begin to make fun. The next moment " whack" came the hickory. For a long time the pupils could not- see how he detected them so soon, but at last they found out that while he sat with his back turned towards them, he was looking at a mirror which reflected the whole room. He was an excellent German penman, and many of his pupils attended school merely for the purpose of learning to write. When he was not teaching he went around filling out baptismal mingled with the

ning-wheel.

He

certificates.

Kupp's School.—This corner of the township.

district

is

in

the eastern

The school-house

stands on once wholly overgrown with chestnut woods, but now mostly cleared. For a long time this district had no school. That part west of the school-house belonged to the Moyer's district, while that part lying east of it belonged to a district of which the schoolhouse stood in Macungie, on the hill, above Fogelsville, at the public road leading from that place to Seipstown. The school-house above Fogelsville must have been built a considerable time before the year 1800, for persons who attended the school there between the years 1810 and 1820 say that it was an old building then. It had two rooms and a cellar, and served also as a dwelling for the teacher at various

a

hill

times.

When

at all trades." He cultivated a small farm, was something of a horse-doctor, taught music, and is said to

this school was removed to Fogelsville, Weissenberg had no school until Nathan Moser opened his private school about 1830. This was not continued longer than a few years. While the Moyer's school was at Schumacher's, the children

have been an expert player on the violin. He was also a nail-maker, having made all the nails used in building the second Ziegel Church. In his later

of this district attended there. About the year 1839 a school was opened in an old house on the farm of Samuel Heffner, the teacher of which was Joe Pike.

Jr., also

this part of

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP.

A

few years later it was removed to an old building on the farm of Jonas Kern (now known as the David Peter's farm), about three-eighths of a mile south of

son of Dr. Haberacker, of Fogelsville.

one term.

which the pupils

sat.

Here the school was kept up

until the spring of 1852.

The

principal teacher before the

common

schools

was John Hossey. Jonas Kunkle taught common school here for two terms, and Levi Haas one term. In the summer of 1852 a new school-house was erected by the township. It was built by David Moser, for three hundred and seventy dollars. It was built by the side of the road, in the middle of a large forest, upon land of Jonas Kern, hence the school was long known as Kern's school. Recently it has been called Eupp's. It is a stone structure, twenty-six feet long and twenty-two feet wide. At first the desks were ranged around the wall, but they have since been changed several times. The room was originally very cold, and many children have had their feet frozen in school. It was repaired some eight or ten years ago and made more comfortable. For the first two terms the school was taught by Jonas Kunkle. In the fall of 1854 it was taken in charge by Oliver Holben, since a professor in various European and American colleges now engaged in a New York college. He boarded in the school-house, and slept in the garret. He taught one term, and was a successful teacher. The school then numbered some seventy pupils. The next teacher was Henry Knerr, one term, then again Jonas Kunkle two terms. He was a good teacher for those times. Next followed Daniel Kuhns, one term. He is now a country mer/ chant at Weidasville. In the fall of 1859 the school was placed in the hands of James Schumacher. He was an educated and experienced teacher, but rather too severe, and often unreasonable in his punishment of pupils, hence he had great difficulties here. He taught one term. When the civil war broke out he became a soldier, and gave his life as an offering to his country. The next teacher was George Gosman. He was a graduate of Heidelberg College, Tiffin, Ohio, and was an

came

was

last

fall

of 1872 the school it

has

twelve winters.

—When the common schools

elected.

The second board

consisted of

Henry Werly, Jacob

Walbert, Samuel Heffner, Daniel Leiby, John Griffee,

and Jeremiah Derr.

The

present board consists of Charles Kramlich,

Benjamin Grim, Daniel Zimmerman, Frank Fritzinger, Lewis Bachman, and Levi Herber. School-Houses, During the first two or three years the common schools were held in the old buildings. In the year 1852 the township was divided into school

—

and, with few exceptions, new school-houses were built during this and the few following years. These buildings were stone structures, poorly built by contract, about twenty by thirty feet in size, with rooms eight feet high, and desks ranged around the wall. Some time later an independent district, called Grim's, was formed out of parts of this and Macungie townships, also a joint district with Lynn. Here larger and better buildings were put up, made of districts,

spent a considerable time in Switzerland, Italy,

He was a

taught

few men like Joshua Seiberling made strenuous effisrts But when the law was to have the system adopted. changed, so that the minority in a township could In 1849, accept, things took a different course. Joshua Seiberling drew up a petition asking the County Court to appoint a board of school directors This petition was given into the for the township. hands of George Muse, who obtained some twenty signers to it. It was then presented to the court, when Joshua Seiberling, George Muse, Paul Bleiler, Frederick Wallace, George S. Eisenhard, and John Gehringer were appointed as a board of school diThey organized a system of public schools rectors. The first school board was, howfor the township. ever, in power but a short time, for at the next election they were all defeated, and an entirely new board

and Greece, serving as professor in colleges at Rome and at Athens. He married in Switzerland, and returned to Tiffin, Ohio, where he practiced law for some time. When last heard from by his Pennsylvania friends he was in California. During the winter of 1861 and 1862 the school was taught by David Y.

brick.

In 1873 the Seipstown

district

was formed out of

parts of Eupp's (then called Kerns'), Ziegel's Church,

professional

teacher, and afterwards became a German Reformed Haberacker, minister. The next teacher was Eugene

In the

Henry F. Eupp, by whom

The Common Schools.

the term was over he went to Maryand afterwards to Europe.

Shaub, of Hereford, Berks Co.

He

a physician at Tyrone, Pa.

were first established in Pennsylvania the people of Weissenberg were bitterly opposed to them ; hence, whenever the question came up at the annual township elections, the people voted them down, though a

land, thence back to Ohio,

He

in charge of

been taught the

able teacher, but he soon fell into a misunderstanding with some of his patrons, and had a vast amount of

When

now

is

Quier, each one term.

;

trouble.

He

Next came Milton Bernhard, of East Texas, one term. In the fall of 1864 the school came in the charge of John Eupp, now an attorney-at-law at AUentown. He taught here three terms. Then came Benjamin Eupp, who taught two terms. The two last were professional teachers, and both of them law students at the time. The next teacher was Solomon F. Eupp, one term. Then came Uriah Sieger and Owen D.

the present school-house. This building was one that had been used as a distillery. The school room had no desks, but some old tables and a carpenter's bench, at

473

I

and Centre. The school-house at Seipstown was built by contract, by Peter Seip. It is built of bricks, about twenty-six by thirty-two feet in size, with room

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

474

about eleven feet high, furnished with board desks. The house is not very durably built, and the room is cold. At the Weiasenberg Church the school was kept in a

room

new

brick school-house was built.

in the dwelling-house until 1877, It

when a

was built by

contract by William Bear, one of the directors.

At Ziegel's Church the school was also kept in a room of the dwelling-house until 1878, when, a new dwelling-house having been erected by the congregation, the old house was repaired, the school-room

was enlarged, and furnished with patent desks. At present about half of the school-houses of the township are old and dilapidated, and unfit for use.

Terms and Salary. were

first

— When

the

common

schools

was fixed a month. The

started in this township the term

at four months, of twenty-four days to

salary paid to the teachers was eighteen dollars per

month

in the winter of 1852-53.

rose until 1860, lars per

From

that time

when they received twenty-eight

month.

In the

fall

it

dol-

of 1863 the term was in-

creased to five months, of twenty-two days each

;

two

days of each month being granted to the teachers for holding institutes. At the close of the civil war the

had risen to from forty to forty-five dollars per month, according to the grade of the certificate. This was during the times when Jonas Ettinger, Jacob Madtes, David Peter, Solomon Knerr, Henry German, Peter Seip, Charles Ziegler, and others formed salary

the school boards.

During the war this township furnished its quota of by way of substitutes raised by the school board. These cost an immense amount of money, which had to be raised by means of taxes, called bounty taxes, levied and collected by the school board. For this the directors were blamed, though unjustly, and other men elected in their places; consoldiers

The

sequently the school suffered.

salary was deand the institute stopped. After several years had elapsed the term was restored, the salary again increased, and through the efforts of some of the teachers the institute again

term

creased,

the

started.

Then the

diminished,

At the

schools again flourished.

beginning of the great panic the salary was thirtyeight dollars per month for the professionals. In 1880 it had dwindled down to twenty-four dollars per month all through, and the institute had died out.

The

past winter the salary was twenty-nine dollars

per month.

For when a person had to pay taxes he wanted to have the value of his money. The teachers at first were no better qualified than before. Several amusing anecdotes will illustrate this. It is said that the first county superintendent for Lehigh into the schools.

once examined an applicant for a school, a German, It was in arithmetic. in a neighboring township. First he gave him a problem in addition, then in

when it came to The superintendent asked, "Mr. did you never study this?" The teacher replied, " Das addiren und das subtrahendire das babe ich gelernt, aber das multiplicire und das subtraction

;

these he solved, but

multiplication, there he stuck. ,

—

babe ich noch nie gekant," ("Addition and subtraction I learned, but multiplication and diAnother one, on being asked, vision I never knew"). " Herr was wissen sie von Grammar ?" re(" Mr. plied, " Ich hab mein lebtag nie gekramert," what do you know of grammar?" "I never was a pedlar in my life"). Soon, however, young men began to go to seminaries, academies, and later to normal schools, to prediffidiren

M

,

—

M

,

pare

for

teaching.

The introduction

Then the

schools

improved.

of the English language into the

schools was soon followed by the introduction of ge-

ography and grammar in some schools as early as 1852. The children studying geography and gram-

mar were, however, the exception, not the rule, as late as 1860. About that time mental arithmetic was introduced, followed ten years later by history. The teaching of grammar was not a very great success in most of the schools until the introduction of " Read & Kellog's Grammar,'' about eight years ago. also, algebra,

book-keeping, and

human

Eecently,

physiology

have been introduced into some of the more advanced In some of the schools occasionally some

schools.

German

children studied

exclusively, as late as 1870.

In many of the schools the children still learn to read German, while from others the German has been banished entirely. The Sunday-schools and churches are

still

German but the ;

children, nearly all of

whom

learn to talk English, are beginning to understand

of the High German than of the English, because they learn everything in school in English, and talk the Pennsylvania German, which is a mixture of the less

two, into which they bring

more English words every

year.

The two things which hinder the

progress of the

and Progress.— Before the common

schools are irregularity of attendance, caused by in-

schools were organized the teachers were mostly Germans, and the schools nearly all conducted in German, but with the advent of the common schools came the

difference of parents, and low salary to teachers, which annually forces some of the best teachers into other employments, thus making teaching only a steppingstone to something else.

Teachers

English language. ments, that

At

first it

was taught in

its ele-

in a small way, but gradually

it obtained a firm hold and crowded the German out. Before the common schools the schools were few, and many children received only a few months' schooling is,

in all their lives.

schools

The common-school system made

more numerous, and brought the children

—

Other Educational Institutions, At every church, and at some of the school-houses, there are kept up Sunday-schools, which serve to prepare the children to become also

have been

members of the church. There and places debating

at different times

societies in the township.

:

WEISSENBBRG TOWNSHIP. About seven years ago the teachers of the township up a township library, intending to make it a permanent institution, but not being properly supstarted

ported,

it

years.

At present

collapsed after an existence of about four there are eleven and one-half

school districts in the township, of which the following is a list, together with the teachers and the num-

ber of pupils enrolled during the District

last

term Number

and Teacher.

euroUed. Kupp's, Henry F. Rupp Seipstown, Solomon F. Rupp Meyer's, Peter F. Bear Ziegel's Church, John Kaiser Apple's, Cyrus Held Smithville, Samuel W. Haconk Seiberling's, D. W. Benedict Grim's, Penrose Grim

37 .""" 40 44 44 .'...' 38 26 39

Gackenback's. Benedict P.Weiss Buck's, Joel H. Bittner Weissenberg Church, Amandas Holben Miller's (joint with Lynn), Henry Kistler Grim's Independent (mostly in Macungie), Mr. Fiey

22 27

Justices of the Peace.— Prior to 1840 the justices having jurisdiction over this territory were elected by districts, and their names will be found in the civil list of the general history.

Coma

475

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

476

there were also tanneries at Heffner's,

blacksmith shop, and about twenty dwelling-houses. The village was founded by John Seip, whose grandfather, Melchior Seip, came from Wiirtemberg be-

and Greenawald's. All of which had been started about 1810 or 1815, except Greenawald's, which was somewhat earlier. They have been

tween the years 1733 and 1747 and settled in the eastern part of what is now Weissenberg township. John Seip, the founder of Seipstown, bought the property that is

and managed by Joseph Weiss.

It

was started about

thirty years ago.

At one time

Bleiler's, Balliet's,

discontinued from fifteen to thirty years ago. Distilleries.

—There are seven

distilleries in

Weisone at

viz. one at Jones Bittner's, Levi Werly's, one at Benro Werly's, one at Edwin Greenawald's, one at Jacob Holben's, one at Levi Weida's, and one at Fenstermacher's. They are used for distilling apple-jack. Perhaps there are several others that could be repaired with little costs so as to be in condition for use, but the above named are the only ones that are now or have been lately used for the making of apple-jack. None of them are used for distilling grain. There was a time when there They were perhaps more than fifty in operation. were most numerous from 1800 to 1825. Among the old distilleries that were once used, but now torn down or discontinued, we might mention those on lands now owned by Silas Kershner, Levi Knerr, Schuler & Hausman, Eupp's estate, Nathan Mohr, Jones

senberg township,

:

Samuel Heffner, John Bleiler, Solomon Bear, William Gebhard, Jesse Grim, Solomon Grim, Daniel Gehringer, Solomon Knerr, estate of the late Paul Bleiler, Joseph and Reuben Holben, and many more. Those at Jesse Grim's and Daniel Gehringer's were used for distilling grain, and did an extensive business in their day. Sixty years ago apples were very plenty in this region, and much apple-jack was made. But Diehl,

a time people neglected the planting of apple-trees. old trees wore out, apples became scarcer every year, and one after another the distilleries were torn for

The

down, so that now only a few remain. Thus, what was at one time a large and lucrative business in this township fell, so that it is now hardly worth taking

At present people are again setand orchards become more numerous, whiskey will hardly ever again reach

into consideration.

ting out trees,

but

distilling

the extent that prevailed from sixty to seventy years ago.

—

A chocolate - factory was Chocolate - Factory. started on the property now owned by William Schmale (then Rev. John HelfFrich's) about the year 1840 by W. A. Fenckner. He manufactured chocolate at Helfirich's for several years, and then removed to David Metzger's, where he continued the business for two years longer, and then closed out and went to other parts. The chocolate-beans were not raised here, but had to be brought from other parts. The biisiness was probably a paying one. Villages, Stores, and Hotels— Seipstown.— This, the principal village of Weissonberg, is situated on an

eminence in the eastern part of the township, on the road leading from Allentown to Hamburg. It is a pleasant

containing a store, a tavern, a church, a school-house, a carriage-shop.

little village,

post-office, a

now Seipstown from Henry Mohr in the latter part of moved there in the spring of 1820. At that time there was only an old log house standing on the south side of the road at what is now the central part of the village. About five years later he commenced keeping a temperance hotel. About the year

the year 1819, and

1850 he obtained a license to keep a tavern, and about new dwelling-houses. In

that time he built several

1861 a store was opened in the village by Thomas D. Mohr, and the post-office was obtained by Peter Seip in the following year. Most of the houses in the village have been built within the last twenty years. John P. Seip, a grandson of the founder of the village, is the present owner of the hotel and store. He keeps the store himself, but the proprietor of the hotel

Solomon

who

is

on also the saddlery business. Carriage manufacturing is carried on by Sechler & Brothers, Peter Seip keeps the post-office, Levi Smith is engaged in blacks mithing, and Benjamin Seip in the wheelwright business. The schoolhouse was built in 1873, and the church (United C. Brobst,

carries

The

Brethren) in 1876.

population of eighty-five.

village at present has a

Most of the houses

village are built of wood, but a few are brick.

in the

The

people belong mostly to the Reformed and Lutheran congregations. A few are United Brethren.

Churches—Zion's TJnited Brethren in Christ.— This church was organized in 1874 by Rev. Samuel Etter. The original members of the organization were Nathan Mohr and his wife, Hannah, and his two daughters, Elmena C. and Mary S., Levi Stettler and his wife, Hannah, Christian Seip, Jones Walbert and his wife, Salome. The congregation was organized by the election of Levi Stettler as class-leader, and Nathan Mohr as steward. Nathan Mohr, Levi Stettler, and Jones Walbert were elected as trustees. In 1776 the church was built the corner-stone was laid in July, 1776, by Samuel Etter and Benjamin Keck, and dedicated in December of the same year by Hezekiel ;

Licht.

succession of ministers has included Samuel Benjamin Keck, John Lowry, W. Uhler, Henry Y. Spaeth, and Ephraim Licht, the present pastor.

The

Etter,

Hynemansville has a

fine location near the central

part of Weissenberg township, on the road leading

from Fogelsville to Lynnville. It consists of a store, few dwelling-houses, and a carriage-shop. This is the oldest village in the township, dating back About to the time of the French and Indian war. 1740, Michael Bobst settled there, and soon afterwards commenced to keep a tavern, his place being known as Bobst's Manor House. The Manor House and its hotel, a

proprietor figured extensively in the early history of

WEISSENBERG TOWNSHIP. Being situated on the trail followed by the Indians in passing from the Lehigh to the Blue Mountains, and the same trail being followed by the this region.

earliest settlers of this region, it

became, long before

any public roads were laid out, a highway of considerable use. When the main road in this region, passing from the east to the west, was laid out, the Manor House, being situated upon it, greatly prospered, and its proprietor, Mr. Bobst, became widely known. Later on he also engaged in the mercantile business, and carried on both hotel and store. About the year 1800 he sold out to Frederick Hyneman, of Philadelphia.

Hyneman

then

engaged

for

many

years in the store business at that place. During the time that he kept the store he rented the hotel, and it

had many

proprietors,

among them

blaser, Schick, Leiser, Krasely,

and

Knerr',

Dorn-

In the year 1845, Dr. Frederick A. Wallace, of Easton, took possession of the store, and kept it till 1850, when it passed into the hands of Elias Wetherhold, its present owner. At present the hotel is kept by Dr. H. A. Saylor,

who

Seiberling

is

othe»s.

medicine. Dr. Joshua engaged in the practice of medicine

also practices also

same place. Carriage-manufacturing is caron by Charles Ihrie. Hynemansville has had a post-office for some time. Its present postmaster is Elias Wetherhold. It is the place where the elections at the

ried

They have been held here, except a few years when they were held at Seiberof the township are held. lingsville, since

Weissenberg and Lynn became sepa-

rate election districts.

Seiberlingsville

is

situated on the road leading

from Fogelsville to Tamaqua, about a mile northwest from Hynemansville. It consists of a tavern, post-

and a few dwelling-houses. It has a beautiful on an elevated ridge, which gives a fine view of the surrounding country. About office,

location, being situated

the year 1790, Jacob Mumi built a log house there in the woods. Soon after his son, Jacob, was licensed to

keep a tavern there, which

after several years

he sold

out to his brother, John Mumi, who kept the tavern two years, and then sold the place to Nicholas

for

Werly, who rented the hotel to Michael Billig. Billig was followed by Philip Linden, and after him came Philip Bobst, a son of Michael Bobst, who for such a long time kept the Manor House at Hynemansville. Bobst was followed by Peter Young. After Young came Jacob Derr, who kept the hotel in 1815. Derr was followed by George Acker. In 1825 a store was started here by Gerhard Belo and Frederick Belo. They also had at the same time

477

At the time Seiberling obtained the place it was called Mount Pleasant, but was soon after changed to Seiberlingsville. After Seiberling came John O. Neil, then Solomon C. Brobst, A. H. Peter, John Delp, and Jones Fenstermacher,

who

is

the present

landlord.

The name of the

The

post-office is Seiberlingsville.

Joshua Seiberling, who has held the Dr. Fredpost-office since 1863, when it was started. erick C. Seiberling was also engaged in the practice of medicine here for about ten years. The elections were held here about thirty-five years ago, but for only one year.

postmaster

St.

is

Paul's Church stands in Seiberlingsville, in

Weissenberg township. It is a Union Church, owned by Lutherans and Reformed. The foundation of the church was accomplished in the year 1857 by members of the Ziegel, Weissenberg, Lowhill, and WesAfter organizing they purchased a piece of land and built upon it a church, of which the corner-stone was laid on the 7th of June,

nersville congregations.

1857.

In the following year the church was dedi-

cated.

The Reformed ministers of the congregation have been the Rev. C. J. Hermann and his son, Alfred Hermann. The Lutheran ministers have been the same that have served the Ebenezer, Jacksonville, Jerusalem, and St. Peter's Churches, namely, Owen Leopold, F. Zuber, J. Klein, and H. S. Fegley. The Reformed ministers of the congregation have been

William A. Helfirich, E. J. Fogel, and J. N. Bachman. The Lutheran ministers have been the Revs. Owen Leopold, F. Zuber, J. Klein, and H. S. Fegley. New Smithville Is situated on Silver Creek, in the southwestern part of the township. It consists of a store, a tavern, a grist-mill, saw-mill, and a few dwelling-houses. About the year 1812, Michael Reichert obtained license to keep a tavern there. The store was first kept by Abner Leeland, followed

by Elijah Owen, Mahlon Luther, Levan Metzger, and Solomon Smith. Reichert was followed in the hotel by David Metzger, and then Solomon Smith. The place had a post-office Weissenberg in 1868, but only one year. Benjamin Smith was postmaster. Werlysville has a fine situation in the northern

—

—

part of the township, on the road leading from Claussville to

Lynnville.

It contains a store, tavern,

and a

few dwelling-houses. It was founded by Daniel Bittner about forty years ago. Its present owner is Elias Werly, after whom it is named.

Frederick a store at Tripoli, in Lynn township. attended the store at Mumi's. They were succeeded by David West, who had both the store and tavern. He was there for two years, when the store was dis-

Buck Horn Hotel is in the eastern part of the township, on the road leading from Olaussville to Kutztown. It was started by David Moser, who was

continued, and the hotel passed into the hands of John Schaller, who was succeeded by George Wagner,

lowed by Michael

who gave place to Joshua Seiberling, who came there in 1836, and the same year commenced store.

licensed to keep a tavern there in 1862.

it

Bleiler,

who

held

it till

He

was

1875,

passed into the hands of Jeremiah Schick,

its

fol-

when pres-

ent owner and proprietor.

Mohr's Store

is

near Ziegel's Church, in the south-

L

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

478

A hotel was started there about fifty years ago, and was kept till 1875. The property was purchased by Thomas D. Mohr, its present owner, in 1865. He started a store there, and kept the store and hotel for about ten years, when he discontinued the hotel, but still keeps em

cense to keep a tavern at what was then called HelfHe was a frich's Stand (now Stine's) prior to 1815.

part of the township.

by Daniel

Stettler

jeweler by trad^, which business he carried on in connection with the hotel. there

Fritz's Store is in the southwestern part of the township, on the road leading from New Smithville

i

and commenced a store. Helffrich was followed by Stettler, then by Hersk, Sigand Mohr & Stine. There is now neither store

Worth's Store was on the road leading from FoHamburg, at the place where Richard Worth now lives. The store was started by Daniel Werth about the year 1820, and he kept it for about gelsville to

Grim's Hotel was situated

—

California House. This was a hotel stand in the northern part of the township. About twenty years

ago Jones Werly obtained a license to keep a tavern He was followed by Charles Gehringer. At

in the northwestern part

Lynn township

line,

on the

there.

road to Allemangel. It was a very old hotel stand. A hotel was kept there prior to 1781 (probably since about 1760). It used to be the election-place for

present the hotel

Lynn and Weissenberg townships in the long ago, both townships holding their elections at the same place, but depositing their votes in separate boxes. The elections were held there till 1817. The hotel was discontinued about the year 1812. Its proprietor was George Grim.

HoteL—About

Among the records of the Court of Northampton County, held at Easton, is the following: "Now, March 20, 1753, Whitehall township is returned and allowed." ^ It was situated along the Lehigh River, comprised a large territory, and included the present townships of Whitehall, North Whitehall, South Whitehall, and the northern and western portion of

the year 1812, Philip Bobst

the present city of AUentown.

Prior to this time settlements were

German's Store Stand.— At what is now German's store stand Dewalt Werly was licensed to keep a tavern about the year 1830, and kept

it

for

about twenty

when it was discontinued. About thirty years ago Henry German started store there, and kept it till 1875, when he rented it to Isaac Dietrich, who kept store until April, 1883, when he moved away. The property is still owned by German. years,

— Weissenberg

post-office

was

ob-

tained about the year 1840 by Michael Reichert (then Reichert's, now New Smithville), who was the first postmaster.

After him Samuel Eisenhart became In 1848 the post-office was removed to

Hynemansville, with Frederick A. Wallace ds postmaster but two years later it was again taken to New ;

Smithville, with

Samuel Eisenhard

1853,

it till

closed.

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP.i

then abandoned.

postmaster.

is

CHAPTER XXXII

was licensed to keep a tavern at what is now Solomon Grim's place, on Silver Creek, in the western part of the township, on the road leading from Hynemansville to Hamburg, a road which was much used at that time, but now seldom traveled, as other and better roads have been laid out leading towards the same place. The tavern was kept by him till 1819, and

Post-Offices.

Since that time there has been no store

twenty years. there.

Smithville.

of the township, near the

fried,

nor hotel there.

Hamburg, and about one-quarter of a mile fi-om the former place. Its present owner, Samuel Fritz, has kept store there since 1850 (at first Samuel and Steplien Fritz in partnership, and Samuel Fritz alone since 1867 or 1868). Samuel Fritz obtained a postoffice there in 1858, known as Weissenberg, and has had it since, except one year (1868), when it was at to

who had

1838, Daniel

in the store business

the store.

Bobst's

About the year

Helffrich, a brother of Henry, built a store-house

when the

as

postmaster,

post-oflace

was removed

Samuel Fritz as postmaster. Hynemansville post-ofl5ce was obtained by Elias Wetherhold in 1862. He has been the postmaster

parts of the district. tioned, i

we

From

made

in various

the records above men-

learn that in 1752, at October term of

Hoffman was appointed constable for Egypta," and this seems to have been the name by which a large portion of the township was then court Michael "

known.

Tradition, as well

as

the

official

records,

point out Egypt as the earliest settlement in the original township, as aries of the

northern limit. this region

it

also remains within the bound-

present township of Whitehall in

its

The early settlers pressed forward into

from Philadelphia, whither they had immi-

grated from Europe, and settled in the more northern

and western part of the township, in what proved to be the less productive and less attractive portion. These features are conclusively indicated by the significant term by which the parent settlement in Lynn township, in this county, and Albany township, Bucks

to Fritz's store, with

ever since.

HeliFrich's

Stand,— Henry

Helffrich obtained a

1

By

-

This

Esq and F. J. Newhard, Esq. the only record concerning the erection of the township. At the term of court held the same year, Godfrey Knauss was appointed I. F. Diefenderfer,

,

is

constable of the township, and was the li-

cerning

it.

first oiiicial

action of record con-

:

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP.

—

—

County, AUemangel ("all want"), was then known. They were in want of corn, and found it in the more fertile and the then more remote country along the

Lehigh River. It was the sons of Jacob going to Egypt to buy corn, and the Lehigh was their Nile. The most interesting and striking feature of this section was " Grouse Hall," standing to this day. Lynford Lardner, Esq., a prominent citizen of Philadelphia, and whose sister was married to Richard Penn, came to this section of country in 1740. He was appointed keeper of the Great Seal in 1746, and held the ofiice till 1753, when he moved to Lancaster County, and his name is prominently associated with the colonial history of that time.

About 1740 he purchased a tract of land in Bucks County, now Lehigh, on the banks of a branch of Lehigh Creek, now Jordan Creek. In 1744 he built a large house on this tract. It is built of stone, of dimensions twenty-eight by thirty feet, two stories high, with pointed roof and high ceilings. A deep cellar was built on the outside of the house of large dimensions. The house is still standing and in good condition. On the first floor, through the middle of the house, and about two-thirds of the width thereof,

was a hearth, which

for

many

years served every pur-

modern stove. This hearth was taken out by the present owner

pose of the

several years ago,

when

the mantelpiece was found

to contain the inscription in figures " 1744," the prob-

able date of building

by Lynford Lardner.

points out this place as a

summer

Tradition

resort for people'

from Philadelphia and as grouse were very numerous in the section, large parties from the city annually came to the place for the purpose of hunting, from which the place was known as " Grouse Hall." It ;

is

" Provincial Council," also referred to in Keith's Lynford Lardner, as his "shooting-

in the life of

box."

This house from the beginning was painted white, and being at that time more conspicuous than any " White Hall," other house in this region, was called and hence the name of the township. inhabitants It is still in the memory of the oldest beautifully that this house was surrounded by parks resort and laid out, and other traces of a summer public-house. It is

known

not

at

what time Lardner parted with

record at Easton, this property, but a mortgage is on " (Troxell), given in 1752, reciting that Peter Droxell Lardner Lynford to mortgaged of Whitehall township, gentleman, a Lancaster, of county the in of Windsor, and two tracts of land certain messuage, plantation, Creek, etc.," each conLehigh of branch situate in a hundred acres. This property continued

taining one

family over one in possession of the Troxell

hundred

now owned by Michael Minnioh. years, and commissioners The assessment made by the is

of

for the township Northampton County, Dec. 27, 1781, follows as was Whitehall of

Jacob Arner.

479

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

480 Sumuel Seager.

Abraham

Chriatian Saeger.

Tobias Steary.

Nicholas Saeger.

George Steary. George Steininger. Leonard Steininger.

Nicholas Seager, Jr.

Adam

Serfas.

Andrew

Sterner.

John Samel.

Siegfried.

Widow Siegfried. Adam Sheurer.

Michael Steeby.

Peter Slosser.

Peter Steckle.

Peter Slosser, Jr.

Henry Sneck.

Jacob Steckle. Jacob Swander. Adam Swander. George Shnerr, Andrew Winner. John Sweyer. George Winner. Jacob Winn. Jacob Wirth.

Jost G. Sneck.

Christian Wirth,

John Spead.

Conrad Seip. William Seip. Bernard Smith. George Smith. John Shad. Caspar Shenebnich. Peter Sneck.

George Will em an.

Stephen Snyder. Widow Snyder.

Michael Snyder.

Jacob Wolf. Samuel Woodring.

Daniel Snyder.

Nicholas Woodring.

Jacob Schrieber.

Abraham Bachman.

Herman

George Focht,

Sohrleber.

Anthony Stoutegill. John Siglin.

Peter Steinberger.

John Steinberger.

court the same year they reported that they had

divided the township.

The

confirmed their

court

and the township was decreed divided in accordance with their report, " and one part lying northward of the division line, as per draft, is named North Whitehall, and the other lying southward of the said line is named South Whitehall." {The accounts of the present townships of North Whitehall and South Whitehall, as also the sketches of the action,

early settlers residing" in the same, are contained in

the history of those townships.)

On

the 4th day of February, 1867, a petition of

North and South Whitehall was presented Court of Quarter Sessions of Lehigh County praying for a division of the townships. Same day citizens of to the

the court appointed George Blank, Martin Kemerer,

and Robert Yost commissioners advisability of a division.

commissioners was

of the

to report as to the

Sept. 12, 1867, the report filed,

recommending a

division of the townships. "

And now,

on motion of Messrs. Metzger and Schall, is confirmed absolutely, and it appearing by the returns of the 8th day of October, 1867, herewith presented

Jost Steinberger.

Oct. 31, 1867,

the report of the commissioners

Single Freemen.

Peter Draxel.

Jacob Draxel.

John Draxel.

Abraham Guisomer. Simon Hertly.

John

I.

David Myer. Nicholas Myer.

marked out and returned township be known and called East Whitehall. Now, Nov. 6, 1867, the court changes the name of the township from Eaat Whitehall to White-

a majority of the voters are

'

the court order and decree a

.

.

.

hall."

Gottfrey Rhoad.

John Kern. John Helfrich. George

to the court, that

Daniel Neihard. Nicholas Olker.

Caspar Kennel,

for a new township,' new township agreeably to the lines by the commissioners. That the said new

Jacob Holetine. Martin Myer.

Frederick Snyder.

Henry Snyder. John Shlosser.

Miller.

Miller.

The township

Michael Miller.

Peter Shiner.

AUentown

Peter Mickley.

Henry

Streets)

Steckle.

Nicholas Moritz.

Abraham Yund.

Peter Moritz.

Melchoir Dietiich. Jacob Kolb.

Abraham Martin.

Paul Grow, collector amount of tax, £688 17s. Michael Snyder was assessed for thirty pounds. Peter Burgholter, Peter Droxel, John Gresomer were each assessed for twelve pounds. Adam Heberly and George Knouae were each assessed eleven pounds. Lawrence Good and Peter Steckle were each assessed ten pounds. John Hoffman, Peter Kohler, and Jacob Mickley each nine pounds. Adam Deshler, Jacob Good, Jacob Kern, John Steinberger, Leonard Steininger, and Jacob Schreiber each eight pounds. Nicholas Droxel, Henry Heffenfinger, Jacob Miller, Samuel Saeger, and Christian Saeger each seven pounds. Henry Berger, Christian Blanch, Adam Dorney, Adam Good, Peter Good, Jr., Jacob Hartman, Barthol Huber, Jacob Kohler, Conrad Lysering, Martin Mickly, Stephen Snyder, Laurence Neihard, Frederick Neihard, and George Remelly each six pounds, and all others lower amounts. A petition was presented at January term of Court of Quarter Sessions of Northampton County in 1810 praying for a division of Whitehall township. George Palmer, John Serch, and Michael Snyder were ap;

pointed by the court to inquire into the propriety of the division of the township. At November term of

as then laid out included the terri-

tory beginning at the northwest corner of the city of

;

(then the corner of Tenth and Liberty thence in a straight line north thirty-four

and three-quarter degrees west, to the stone barn of John Schwartz, in North Whitehall thence in a straight line north seventeen and one-quarter degrees ;

west, to a stone

seven degrees

;

thence in a straight line north sixtythe shore of the Lehigh River,

east, to

on the north side of

Zellis' mill

;

thence along the

AUentown

shore of the river to the city of

thence along the city limits to Jordan Creek thence along the city limits to the place of beginning. It contains ;

;

an area of twelve square miles.

Natural Features.— The greater portion of the township

is

productive limestone

state of cultivation,

mostly

level,

soil, under a high except in the north-

western portion, where it is interspersed with numerous hills with slate and gravel soil. The most numerous minerals are limestone, which is found in large especially along the Lehigh River, the Jordan and Coplay Creeks, where it is extensively quarried. Cement is abundantly found in the northwestern parts, where extensive works are erected. Deposits of iron ore are also found in the limestone quantities,

region,

and

quantities. part,

where

fire-clay in the central portion in small

Slate-quarries are opened in the northern roofing-slate, flagging, fence-posts,

and

flooring-blocks are manufactured.

The township is drained by the Lehigh River, which forms the northeastern boundary. The Jordan Creek

:

:

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP. flows through the southwestern portion, and like the Jordan of old, winds its courses along the hills in this section,

and flows into the Lehigh River

at Allentown.

Helffrich's Springs are situate near Allentown, about

three miles above the niouth of the Jordan. About three and one-half miles above the springs the waters of the Jordan sink into the limestone soil during the dry seasons of the year, making the bed of the creek

dry for that distance, and the waters thus disappearing seems to be the source from which Helflfrich's Springs are fed during this season. These springs

and others along the banks of the creek supply the water for the Jordan, making it from this place a flowing stream throughout the whole year. Coplay Creek (also known as Indian Creek) enters the township from North Whitehall, where it has its

source near

Union ville, flows Egypt and the

direction through

in a southeasterly central portion of

the township, and empties into the Lehigh River below

place.

It Jacob Marks, John Bast, and was a stone structure with three arches. In the early part of 1839 the bridge was swept away by a freshet. The same summer steps were taken by the commisAfter worksioners for the erection of a new bridge.

sioners,

.

ing in vain for some time to obtain a firm foundation, the project was abandoned until the following sum-

when the new wooden bridge was built by Henry Leh, Jacob L. Derr, and Philip Person, county commissioners. This was the first wooden bridge con-

mer,

structed in the county,

The

this place

its

its

northwestern boundary, and partly through North Whitehall has a number of tributaries in its course, and empties into the Lehigh River at Yellis' mill, above Whitehall Station. The Lehigh Valley Railroad runs through the ;

township along the Lehigh River, and in its course township are located the stations of Fullerton, Catasauqua, Hokendauqua, Coplay, and Whitehall. The Catasauqua and Fogelsville Railroad connects with the Lehigh Valley Railroad at Catasauqua, extends through the township in a southeasterly direcin the

The Ironton now owned by the Thomas Iron Company,

tion a distance of about three miles.

Railroad,

with the Lehigh Valley Railroad at from that place through the township extends Coplay, along Egypt, and partly along the Coplay Creek, into North Whitehall. The early roads in the township were laid out from also connects

Northampton (now Allentown) to the small villages and ferries along the Lehigh River. Among them the one leading from Allentown to Jacob Catasauqua, frequently referred to as leading to Hartman's Ferry also the road to Egypt,

may be mentioned

Yund'sand Balliet's, and Siegfried's Ferry. The Lehigh River is crossed by ;

Biery's bridge

is

Catasauqua, Newhard's road from Allentown to to Siegfried's Allentown bridge on the road from the road from Allenon bridge Knauss' bridge and county bridges. Slatington, all of which are

town

The

to

first

31

built in 1832. bridge at Steckel's was

is still

in

which

standing.

Before the erection of Knauss' bridge the crossing at was known as Knauss' Ford. The first is still

ture with two arches. erection of the

standing,

is

a stone struc-

The proceedings leading

same were

to the

as follows

" Petition for a

county bridge over the Jordan Creek Jonathan Knouse, dated Feb. 5, 1818, the court appointed Adam Good, John Sieger, George Eisenhard, Peter Schroeber, George Yund, and Abraham Gangewere viewers as prayed for. The jury reported. at

May 13,

Same

1818, in favor of a bridge.

sessions, the

Grand Jury reported no '

year,

May

bridge.'

"Frederick Jordan, " Foreman."

May

sessions, 1818, the court appointed George

Rhoads, George Savitz, John Spanenberger, Peter Hauck, John Knecht, and John Boas viewers. The— jury reported in favor of a bridge Aug. 15, 1818. Grand jury indorsed on report " rejected." The third petition was presented Feb. 7, 1822. The court appointed as viewers Stephen Balliet, George Gangawere, Anthony Music, Esqs., Peter Troxell, Michael Track, and Peter Ruch.

March

18, 1822, the

in favor of a bridge.

jury

made

viewers reported to the court

At the next

sessions the

grand

the following indorsement on the report:

"Allowed, Solomon Steckel, foreman." Also indorsed on the report

and

bridge, at Catasauqua, the Crane Iron Company's Seigfried's bridge at and Coplay, at Laubach's bridge toll-bridges. Whitehall Station, all of which are bridge on the Steckel's by crossed

The Jordan

standing.

and the arches were rebuilt in 1834,

condition the bridge

bridge erected, which

banks.

it is still

stream could not be forded. The first bridge was of stone with three arches, and evidently of poor workmanship, as some years afterward it was declared un-

used extensively for irrigating the rich meadow-lands Mill Creek flows partly through the township at

and

bridge at Newhard's was built about 1809. Prior to this date there was a ferry at the place, which was used during the seasons of the year when the first

safe,

along

ji

time the creek was crossed by a ford at this The bridge was built by the county commis-

to this

Thomas Iron Company, at Hokendauqua. It drains a large and fertile region of soil, flows throughout the whole rear, and in its course is

the works of the

481

Prior

" 1824, Feb.

4,

recommitted to the same viewers,

to cause tlie variation

and a map or plot thereof to be made, which is to accompany their report, returnable to the next aessions. " John Miller entered into a contract with the county commissioners in 1822 to do the mason-worlt of the bridge according to apian furnished by the commissioners, which be performed according to the best of his abilities. That owing to some causes the arches of the bridge gave way shortly after its completion, whereby it came incumbent on him to rebuild the same. That with the assistance he has received from others, under an impression that the county would not suffer him to be the loser, after suffering very considerable damages by two successive freshets, he has rebuilt and completely finished the same again in a good

to be accurately surveyed

:

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

482

and workmanlike manner. That he has kept an account of his labors and expenses, which he is ready to exhibit to the Honorable Court and the Grand Inquest, by which it will appear that he has sustained very heavy losses. That your petitioner is poor and unable to bear the losses he has sustained himself, and that therefore they would be unavoidably injurious to others if no compensation would be made to him by the county. (Signed),

"

And

by the petUion&s.^^

Steckel, a descendant of the original

family.

He

was married

—

to

Maria Bear.

He had

ten chil-

(John, Jacob, Henry, Daniel, Peter) and five daughters, who were intermarried respectively dren,

with

John Miller, " Mason.

"

owned by Josiah

five sons

John Peter Burkhalter, Mickley, Schneider,

George Dinky, and Martin Moyer.

John Steckel settled in Whitehall, on Coplay Creek, upon a portion of the old farm, where he lived until

Petition indorsed " The within bridge as prayed for allowed S800 by the Grand Jury, and one half to be paid on the 27th day of March, 1824, and the remainder one year after the first payment. * Wm. H. Long, Foremun."

his death.

Jacob settled at Egypt, and built the present hotel and in connection with the hotel kept the

in 1791,

store until 1821.

Coplay Creek is crossed throughout the township by a number of small bridges, all of which are township bridges except the one at Egypt. This was built by the county commissioners in 1850. It is constructed of wood, about one hundred feet in length, and is still standing. Settlement. The early settlements in the township were mostly made by emigrants from Germany, who landed at Philadelphia, and in small numbers settled in various parts of the township as early as 1730. They took possession of the soil, and in many instances did not obtain their warrants and patents for the same until some years afterwards. Among the first settlers may be mentioned the

—

Rohlers, Steckels, Troxells, Deshlers,

Burkhalters,

Henry

settled

upon the old homestead, where he

died.

Daniel settled at Bath, Northampton Co., and died there at the age of one hundred and one years.

Peter was born Nov.

1772,

3,

and

settled in

Moore

township, Northampton Co., where he died Feb.

22,

1866.

The daughters of Christian Steckel township. John had

all settled in

the

—

three sons and one daugh(who acquired the John Steckel homestead), Joseph (who settled in the township), Sally (wife of Jacob Biery, who moved West), and four children,

wit: Daniel

ter, to

Peter.

Peter was a blacksmith by trade, and carried on Hartman's Ferry, along the Lehigh

Mickleys, Leisenrings, Schreibers, Newhards, Millers,

this business at

Yunds, Suyders, Kolss, Roths, Knauss, and others. Egypt was among the early settlements in the town-

River, and at the Irish settlement in Northampton

ship.

Jacob Kohler (Coler) emigrated from Mill Hausen, Egypt between the years 1720 and 1730, with his family of nine children, two sons (Peter and Jacob) and seven daughters. Jacob Kohler built his first house prior to 1730, near the site of the present mill. This was a log house, and was replaced by a large stone house, which has since been taken away and the third house built. In 175.5 he built the first grist-mill at this place, partly stone and partly log, on Coplay Creek, Switzerland, and settled at

—

and held the same his will

By

until his death, in 1792.

he devised the grist-mill and a portion of his In 1809, Peter Kohler built

County

until 1828, when he bought from Walter C. Livingstone a tract of one hundred acres of land along the Jordan Creek, in the southeastern part of

the township, where he was engaged in farming until

He

had

bought several other tracts was married to Esther Burkwho survives him, and is now living at Allen-

his death.

halter,

also

He

in this vicinity.

town.

—

He had four children, two sons (Robert and Reuben P.) and two daughters, Amanda (now living upon one of her father's tracts) and Anna (now living

—

with her mother). Robert occupied the farm upon the death of his father,

and

still

owns

it.

He

engaged in farming where he

land to his son, Peter.

until 1873,

a new stone grist-mill near the site of the old mill. This second mill is still standing. In 1854, Peter Kohler sold the mill to his son, Aaron Kohler, who is still the owner of it. Other descendants of the original Kohler family still reside in the township.

is still living. He served two terms in the lower house of the State Legislature, in 1873 and 1874. Reuben P. and Robert are both members of the firm of M. S. Young, hardware dealers, in this city.

Christian Steckel, the ancestor of the Steckel family in this place, settled at Egypt, Sept. 1, 1736, and obtained a patent for two hundred and sixty-six acres of land. In the year 1756 he built a stone house

Henry

when he removed

Steckel,

who

(Christian

father's

among them

to Allentown,

settled

Steckel),

a son, Peter,

upon the tract of his had several children,

who acquired the original owned it until he died.

Steckel tract near Egypt, and

He

was married

ing-house and of a fort against the attacks of the Indians. The dimensions are thirty-five by forty feet,

and had thirteen Thomas, residing at Allentown; Peter, who settled in Ohio; Henry, in Illinois; David, in one of the Western States Joseph, in In-

with walls two and a quarter

diana;

upon

this tract,

which served the purposes of a dwell-

feet in thickness.

It is

standing to the present day in good condition, and

is

children,

to Elizabeth Biery,

to wit:

;

Charles,

who

died here;

Deborah, wife of Enoch Newhard, residing at Allentown Hetty, wife ;

— :;

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP. Thomas Gangewere, who

of

Clarissa, wife of

settled

in

Indiana;

Jacob Weiss; and Sarah, wife of

Ephraim Steckel. John Jacob Mickley was born in Europe in 1697, and came to America in the ship " Hope," of London, from Amsterdam, Holland, arriving at Philadelphia, Aug. 28, 1733. It appears that the family is de-

483

John Keinberry obtained a warrant for a tract of two hundred and three and a half acres and allowances, dated June 27, 1738, which by non-compliance became void. Frederick Newhard (who subsequently settled in the lower part of the township) obtained a

warrant

same

for the

tract,

afterwards was vested in

1742,

which

Deshler, and to

whom

dated Feb.

Adam

1,

scended from the French Huguenots, the name having originally been written Michelet, but corrupted and variously written Miquelet, Miicklite, and finally an-

a patent was issued for the same.

glicized into the present form

Mickley that during the persecution of the Huguenots in France they emi-

dated June

grated to the bordering dukedom of Deux Ponts, a part of the German empire, where they were unmo-

visions for the provincial forces in 1756, 1757,

;

lested in the exercise of their religion.

John Jacob Mickley settled at Egypt in Whitehall township, where he obtained warrants for three tracts of land, the first of which is dated Nov. 5, 1745. He was married to Elizabeth Barbara, daughter of Ulrich Burk-

and died in August, 1769. He had three sons and two daughters, to wit John Jacob, who settled on a tract of land bordering on the village of Hokendauqua. He had six sons and four daughters. A

halter,

:

number

of his descendants are

still

residing in the

county.^

*John Martin, the second son, continued

to live

on

the homestead, and had the lands patented for which

had taken out the warrants. In 1794 he moved to Adams County and settled near Gettysburg. He had four sons and five daughters, whose descendhis father

ants are

John

still

living in that county.

whose escape from the given in the general history of

Peter, the third son, of

Indians an account

is

5,

colonial period, having been

military post,

and the loop-holes

dan, and Mrs. Schreiber, of Allentown.

Adam

Deshler was the oldest of the three sons son, David, and several daughters, to wit Mrs. Schreiber, Mrs. Stein, Mrs. Kern, Mrs. Daideman, and Mrs. Woodring. , Peter, the second son, had three sons, viz. Peter,

had one

:

who first

lived at the Irish settlement in

County, and subsequently moved

Whitehall David, having a clover-mill at the Little Lehigh Creek; and Jacob, who lived near " Nelig's in the Irish settlement." David, the third son of the original Adam Deshler,

his sons

Adam

Deshler, another of the early settlers, immi-

county with two brothers— Anthony grated to and David— from Switzerland about the year 1733, and settled upon a tract of land in Whitehall townthis

ship, near Egypt. For full sketch of Mickley family, Mickley portrait. 1

see biographical sketch, with

children.

Han Adam),

are David N.

son,

John

to

;

Adam, one

his sons is Charles

of the sons

Among

settled at Easton.

Deshler, of Columbus, 0.,

G., lives at Bufialo,

the second son of

Han Adam

George

N. Y.

Deshler, and

D. Deshler, who

is

among

a druggist, and

inventor of the celebrated fever and ague pills called "Deshler's Pills," and resides at New Brunswick,

N.

she had three sons and one daughter. She afterwards married Michael Bieber, of Allen township, Northampton County.

Northampton

called " Clover-seed" David, from the fact of his

whose

whom

in the thick walls are

Adam Deshler had four sons, viz.: Adam, Peter, David, and George, and several daughters, among whom were Mrs. Peter Kern, who lived along the Jor-

is

by

and

still visible.

He was

ler,

to furnish pro-

In 1760 he built a stone house upon this tract, which is still standing and in a good state of preservation. During the Indian troubles it was used as a

of the

She ler, one of the original settlers of the township. Deshof death until the township Whitehall lived in

Deshler figures in the

employed

1758.

(also called

The other daughter ship, and died without issue. was married to Adam Deshler, a son of Adam Desh-

Adam

1749.

had a number of

One of the daughters of John Jacob Mickley was married to Andrew Miller, who resided in Lynn town-

1751, as also

which he had taken out a warrant

forty acres, for

the Indians and in the Revolution during the whole time of its continuance, in the capacity of a fifer.

Philadelphia.

5,

a patent bearing even date for an adjoining tract of

the township, served in the military service against

in the battle of Germantown. At the close war he was married, and settled in Bedminster township, Bucks Co., about the year 1784. He had two sons and eight daughters, some of whose descendants are still living in Bucks County and others in

May

The above-named David Deshler also had among them Mrs. Christian Mickand Mrs. John Wagner, of Allentown.

J.

several daughters,

ley

David Deshler, the grandson of Adam Deshler, first above mentioned, had three sons, to wit James, David, and John, who lives at Waterloo, N. Y. James lived in Whitehall township, and had three sons, Jacob, Peter, and D. J. F., all of whom reside in the city of Allentown. David, the second son, was reared in Whitehall township, and left home when about :

—

He became a surveyor, and asgovernment surveys of Kansas and Missouri. He afterwards engaged in the mercantile business in St. Louis, and then in Tuscumbia, Ala. He conceived the idea and successfully carried out the project of building a railroad from that place to Decatur, forty-two miles across the neck of a great bend

sixteen years of age. sisted in the

—

in the Tennessee

River, connecting

its

navigable

—

HISTOEY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

484

Henry moved

waters (the water in the neck being shallow), and thus

Breinig.

commerce of that region. This was in 1834 or 1835, and the road was the first west of the Alleghanies, and probably the third in the United States. It is now a link in one of the great southern railroads between Memphis and Charleston. The cars were at first drawn by mules. David Deshler had two sons and one daughter. Both the sons were students at West Point. David, one of the sons, was drowned while a student James, the other, graduated, served in the army, and lost his

sequently returned to the old farm and settled upon

materially enhanced the

;

the battle of Chiokamauga. Ulrich Burkhalter, the ancestor of the family in

life in

the township, immigrated to this country in the ship "

Samuel," of Sweden,

Hugh Percy, master,

from Rot-

terdam, but last from Cowes, and landed at Philadelphia, Aug. 11, 1732, with

nine persons.

He

two hundred and seventy-

subsequently settled in Whitehall

township, and on Feb.

4,

1743, bought from Richard

Berks County, and sub-

to

a tract of ten acres, where he died in 1835.

twelve children, six sons

— Charles,

He

had

Stephen, David,

—

Henrj, William, and Reuben and six daughters, Esther, Sarah, Deborah, Elizabeth, Mary, and Christiana.

Reuben

Stephen, and

Charles,

New York

an early age

at

where they engaged in the wholesale grocery business, which they carried on successfully for many years. Charles was married to Anna M. Havermyer, a sister of ex-Mayor William F. Havermyer, Esq., of New York City. The three brothers died in the city of New York. David moved to Crawford County, where he is still living. Henry settled in Hamburg, Berks Co., where he died many settled in

City,

years ago.

William moved

to Tiffin,

Ohio

;

war, and died while a soldier.

.served in the civil

Esther, the oldest

Hockley a

tract of three hundred acres of land near This was a tract nearly square, rich and fertile soil, beautifully located, watered with two neverfailing springs about two hundred and fifty yards dis-

daughter, was married to Peter Steckel

Egypt.

Sarah was married to Charles Ruch, a descendant of the Rush family, which settled at Ruchville, in North Whitehall. He bought

tant from each .other, the water from which irrigates the

his

and adjoining tracts. It is in general one of the best and most desirable tracts in the township. Ulrich Burkhalter had one son, Peter, and one daughter, Elizabeth Barbara, intermarried with John Jacob Mickley, of whom a sketch is herein elsewhere

leaving seven children,

given.

living at Scranton, with

meadows on

this

«

Peter obtained from his father a deed of gift, dated 9, 1754, for the above tract, on which he built a

Nov.

which is still obtained warrants for two adjoin-

large two-story stone dwelling-house,

He

standing.

also

ing tracts, the one called Somerville containing sixty-

nine acres, the other called Petersburg containing one hundred and ten and a half acres. Peter had one son, John Peter (known as " Han" Peter), and two daugh-

Maria Barbara, intermarried with Able from Philadelphia, and the other intermarried with Stephen ters,

Balliet.

On

1,

1792, Peter sold this entire tract of four

hundred and seventy-nine and a half acres of land to John Peter had nine children, to his son, John Peter. wit: Henry, Peter, Joseph, Charles, Daniel, and Polly (wife of Henry Mickley), Elizabeth (wife of Benjamin Boggs), Catharine (wife of Benjamin Kohler), and Salome (wife of Abraham Biery). Of these, Peter and Daniel moved to Indiana, Joseph to Ohio, Charles to Lower Milford (this county), Benjamin Boggs to Crawford County, Benjamin Kohler to Carbon County, where their descendants are still living. Abraham Biery obtained part of the original Burkhalter tract of land.

Henry Burkhalter, the oldest son of John

Peter, was on the Burkhalter farm. He and his brother, Peter, bought two hundred and sixtyfour acres of the farm, Feb. 21, 1857, which they sold some time afterwards, including the homestead to

born Aug.

father-in-law's

tract,

23, 1780,

preferred to

and died there

—six

in

1854,

Henry, Allen, Stephen, Solomon, Reuben, and Edwin, all of whom reside out of the township, except Solomon, who is married into the Schaadt family; and one sons,

with John

daughter, Sarah, intermarried

whom

to wit

the

:

J.

Reil,

Widow Ruch now

resides.

Deborah, another daughter of Henry Burkhalter, was intermarried with Paul Newhard, and Elizabeth with Joseph Newhard, both of whom resided in the township, and of whom an account is given in the

Newhard

sketch of the original

Mary

after her marriage, settled in

at the place

died

family.

(intermarried with William Beary), shortly

many

now known

as

Seneca County, N. Y., Bearytown, where she

years ago.

Christiana, the youngest daughter of

April

;

reside with the Steckel family.

Henry Burk-

was married to John K. Clifton, and settled in Northampton County descendants of this family are halter,

;

still

living at Easton.

The

first

of the Leisenring family in this section

was Johann Conrad Leisenring. He was born at Hildeburg Hause, April 27, 1727, and was baptized June 27, 1727. He emigrated to this country, landing at Philadelphia. He settled in Bucks County, and subsequently he resided with the family of Nicholas Seager, in Whitehall township, for some years. In 1766 he took into possession the Showalter tract, on the Lehigh River, at "Siegfried's Ferry,'' and bought this tract, containing one hundred and fifty acres, from them April 1, 1771. He also obtained a patent, dated Feb. 19, 1788, for a tract of sixty-two

and one-half

Showalter tract on house built here was of stone, erected in 1760, by Joseph Showalter, which was the north.

acres, adjoining the

The

first

;

:

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP. taken down by Jobann Conrad Leisenring, and a new stone house erected by him on the same site in 1796, which is still standing, and occupied by the Leisen-

The

ring family. 1786,

was

and

is still

Adam Shirer. Michael Hoffman left two sons, John and Michael, who continued to occupy the tract bought by their father. John had two sons Peter and Joel and two daughters, Caroline, who became the wife of Henry Guth, and Lydia, who married and

—

—

spring-house, partly stone and

partly log, was built by in use.

Johann Conrad Leisenring in The barn now on the premises

by Conrad Leisenring in 1794. The other stone house, now occupied by the Leisenring family, was built by Conrad Leisenring in 1816. Across the there alters

On

is

is a log house, painted red, of which no record, but evidently built by the Show-

many

years ago.

this tract are located a

at each of the old houses,

number of

springs, one

and others along the course

towards the Lehigh River. The water is used in irrigating the meadow-land on this and adjoining tracts, the water rights being reserved by the adjoining owners. The Showalter family moved to Virginia after selling their land to Johann Conrad Leisenring.

Johann Conrad Leisenring died prior to the time of the Revolutionary war. His son, Conrad, then at the age of seventeen years, living with and supporting his mother,

was taken with

team

his

to the war, in

which he served as teamster for a number of years. Peter and John, sons of Conrad Leisenring, served in the cavalry of Capt. Peter Ruch in the war of 1812.

Of the survivors

of the Leisenring family in the town-

—

Joseph Long.

built

road at this place

485

town, .

is

Eli Hoffman,

now

living at Allen-

the only survivor of Peter Hoffman's family.

The family of Michael Hoffman, son of Michael, emigrated to the Western States. of John Hoffman was later owned by his and now belongs to Samuel Butz, of Allentown, and the part that was inherited by Michael be-

The farm

son, Peter,

longs to

Adam

Shirer.

William Allen obtained from the proprietaries a tract of four hundred and fifty acres in the upper part of the township along the Lehigh River, Dec. 12, 1759.

He

shortly after sold this tract in small par-

Joseph Showalter, Christopher Kern, George Koehler, and Joseph Bosler. John Jacob Schreiber, the ancestor of the Schreiber family of Lehigh County, was born in Niederbrunn, cels to

province of Alsace, in the early part of the eighteenth century.

In a record, written by himself, it is stated that he to Anna Roth, of the same province, on

was married

the 28th day of April, 1733, and on the 4th of May. following they set sail in the ship " Hope," of Lon-

ship are William Leisenring, of Whitehall Station

don, Daniel Reid, master, from Rotterdam, last from

Catharine, Lydia, and Edward,

Cowes, for America, and 'landed, with two hundred others, at Philadelphia on the 28th of August, 1733. It is stated in his record that they lived' for some time in Schippach township (now Montgomery CounFrom ty), but the date and time are not given. Schippach they removed to Lehigh County, and located on the west bank of the Lehigh River, where the village of Coplay now is. Here he located four

homestead

;

still

living at the old

Mrs. George Daniel, and others residing

in the vicinity.

Of

the other original families in the upper part of

the township

may be mentioned

Ulrich Flickinger,

obtained patents, dated May 22, 1762, for three hundred and two acres of land at Mill Creek. He shortly afterwards sold his land and moved to the

who

New York. John Koch, of Allentown, now owns a large portion of this tract. State of

Also George Ringer, who obtained warrants for one hundred and eleven acres of land on Mill Creek, in

The dethe northeastern limits of the township. scendants of this family still live in the township. On this original Ringer tract a stone grist- and sawmill was erected by Leonard Miller, about the year It was subsequently owned by Jacob Steckel, 1804. John Deichman, and Abraham Yellis, and the latter

of whom, owned by

in 1855, rebuilt the mill,

and

it

is

now

Michael Kelchner obtained a patent, dated Feb. 1767, for twenty-seven acres, near Egypt.

18,

Among

Augustus K. Kelchner, who owns a tract of land near Egypt. Michael Hoffman landed at Philadelphia from Germany Oct. 11, 1732, and shortly after removed to the Whitehall, and located territory that later became Indian or two hundred and fifty acres of land along the 16th on warrants his out taking Coplay Creek, is

of November, 1744. The land is

patents.

hundred acres of land. In a record kept by his

Feb. 16, 1763, received the

now owned by Samuel Butz

son, Philip Jacob,

we have

the following " I, Philip Jacob Schreiber, was born on the 18th

day of June, 1736, in Schippach township, Philadelphia Co., and was baptized on the 15th of June in the same year." Tradition says that this son was five or six years old when the family took up their abode in Lehigh County. Catherine Maria Magdelen was born on the 6th of January, 1737.

.

his descendants

and twenty-five

The date

of heiibaptism

is

not given,

but her sponsors were John Schuck and his wife, Anna Maria. She was married to a son of Peter

whom she moved to the State of Maryand settled near Hagerstown. John George, the youngest child of John Jacob, was born on the 6th of December, 1739. He was baptized on the 2d of April, 1740. His sponsors were George Ruch and Eve Catherine, wife of Michael Hoffman. He was married to Elizabeth Julianna Deshler, and lived in Allentown up to the time of his death. He left no issue. Troxel, with land,

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

486

John Jacob Schreiber died a comparatively young He is buried in the graveyard at the Egypt Church. His widow afterwards married Peter Troxel, man.

the father of her son-in-law.

In the year 1756 or 1757 his eldest son, Philip Jacob, became the possessor of the homestead, which

he held up

On

to the

time of his death.

the 1st day of May, 1759, he was married to

whom

Catherine Elizabeth Kern, with children, of

which three died young.

he had eleven He died on the

5th of April, 1813, in the seventy-eighth year of his age. His wife survived him, and died on the 3d of November, 1819. Both are buried at the Egypt

Church.

Their children were 1. Eve Catherine, born on the 7th of May, 1761; baptized on the 24th of May in the same year. Her sponsors were Peter Burghalter, George Schreiber, Christopher Kern, Margaret Kern, Julian Deschler, and Julian Hofiman. She was married to Jacob Mickley, with whom she had sons and daughters. :

The

late Joseph Mickley, of Philadelphia, a prominent antiquarian and numismatist, was her son. 2. John Peter, born on the 27th of May, 1763. He was baptized on the 21st of September, 1763. His sponsors were George Koehler, Peter Deshler, Margaret, wife of Jacob Kern, and Eve, a single daughter of Jacob Fatzinger. He was married to Susanna Deshler, with whom he had two daughters. Mrs. Aaron Dech, of Rittersville, is his daughter. He

became the possessor of a part of his father's farm, where he died on the 24th of August, 1834. 3. Maria Magdelen, born on the 29th of January, 1767 baptized on the 12th of April in the same year. Her sponsors were Peter Deschler and Maria Elizabeth Schreiber. She was married to Peter Deschler, with whom she had two sons and two daughters. ;

4.

Barbara, born on the 12th of July, 1769; bap-

Her sponsors were Christopher Kern and Catherine, a single daughter of Jacob Kern. She was married to Henry Miller, with

tized on the 1st of August, 1769.

whom

she had three sons and two daughters.

Miller, of Weaversville, 5.

Northampton

Isaac

Co., is her son.

Susanna, born on the 14th of July, 1777

;

bap-

on the 24th of August of the same year. Her Kern and his wife, Catherine. She was married to Peter Ruoh (who served as tized

sponsors were Christopher

company

Marcus Hook she had four sons and one daughter. Capt. Thomas Ruch, of Whitehall, is her son, and Mrs. Stephen Graff, of captain of a

cavalry

during the war of

1.812),

with

at

whom

Ballietsville, her daughter. 6. Jacob, born Jan. 3, 1780 baptized on the 27th of February in the same year. His sponsors were ;

Peter Deschler and his wife, Magdelen. He was married to Eve Catherine, a daughter of Conrad Leisenring, with whom he had two sons and six daughters. He became the possessor of the Schreiber

homestead, where he died on Christmas-day, 1865, aged eighty-six years, less ten days.

Elizabeth, born on the 7th of September, 1782;

7.

November in the same year. Kern and his wife, MargaShe was married to John Balliet, with whom ret. she had seven sons and two daughters. They removed at an early date to Northumberland County, this State, where many of her offspring still reside. baptized on the 3d of

Her

sponsors were Jacob

8. Daniel, born on the 4th of June, 1785 baptized on the 24th of July in the same year. His sponsors were Christopher Kern and his wife, Catherine. He was married on the 19th of June, 1808, to Barbara, daughter of Conrad Leisenring, with whom he had ;

four sons

and

five

daughters.

Aaron, Daniel, and David,

who

—

The all

sons were Reuben,

deceased but Aaron,

Coplay. He died on the 9th of Decemaged seventy-two years, five months, and

lives at

ber, 1857,

seven days.

Jacob Schreiber, son of Philip Jacob, who got to be the possessor of the original Schreiber homestead, the husband of Eve Catherine Leisenring, was the father of the following-named children 1. Anna, married to Jacob Roth, with whom she had quite a number of children. Josiah Roth, of Whitehall Station, is her son. 2. Salome was married to Jacob Dillinger, a subject of a sketch elsewhere (in connection with a history of the Allentown National Bank). She survives her husband and one daughter, and has three :

living sons. 3. Edward, born on the 6th of May, 1807. He was married to Magdelen Laubach on the 26th of March, 1833, with whom he had six children, three sons and

—

three daughters.

He received one-half of

his father's

and followed a distillery, and

farm, erected the necessary buildings,

farming for some years. He built some time was quite extensively engaged in that business. Later he purchased a farm and mill in Salisbury township, on the Little Lehigh River, for

known

as the Edleman property, where he carried on farming and the manufacture of flour quite extensively. He took a great interest in fine blooded stock

of

all

kinds,

Durhams

and was the owner of some of the

finest

In the spring of 1869 he traveled over Europe, and visited Niederbrunn, the home of his ancestors. He purchased in the city of Paris, France, six of the finest Percheron horses he could find, brought them home for his own use, and kept them on his farm up to the time of his death. He located five thousand acres of land in Northern Minnesota, where the Northern Pacific Railroad crosses the Red River, at the city of Morehead, which is now owned and cultivated by his eldest sou, Frank in the State.

He traveled quite extensively throughout the United States, which gave him much pracJ. Schreiber.

information. He was a man of much experience and more than ordinary enterprise. He died on the tical

16th of September, 1871. 4. Catherine, married to Joseph Eberhard, with whom she has two daughters. She lives with her

:

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP. husband on a farm situated in North Whitehall township, on the banks of the Coplay Creek. 5. Maria. This daughter is married to the Rev. Alfred J. G. Dubbs, pastor of Salem's

Reformed

Church, in the city of Allentown, where she, with her husband, have resided since the year 1867. 6. Owen L., born on the 9th of July, 1820, married to Louisa S., eldest daughter of Rev. Joseph S. Dubbs, D.D., on the 23d of December, 1847, with whom he has four children, one son and three daughters. He lives on a farm, near the village of Coplay, which is a part of the original tract Philip Jacob Schreiber.

owned by

He

is

his grandfather,

a fancier of blooded

and is the owner of one of the Devon cows in the State.

stock,

finest herds of

7. Eliza Julia. This daughter is married to Aaron G. Reninger, with whom she has five children, three sons and two daughters. Her husband is engaged in

the mercantile business in the city of Allentown. 8. Malvina. This the youngest daughter was never married. She remained with her aged parents and

cared for their wants up to the time of their death, when she took up her residence with her brother,

Owen

L. Schreiber, where she died on the 8th of Feb-

ruary, 1875.

The Schreiber family of their fathers.

strictly

There

time, bearing the family

is

adhered to the church

not a single one, at this

name who

is

not a

member

of the Reformed Church.

George Frederick Newhard, the first of this family was born at Zweibriicken, on the

in the township,

He

emigrated to this country in the "Saint John Stedman, master, from Rotterdam, last from Cowes, with four hundred and fifty persons, landing at Philadelphia Sept. 26, 1737. He settled in Whitehall township, and in 1742 obtained a warrant for two hundred and three acres of land along

Rhine.

Andrew"

galley,

In 1746 he bought two hundred and fifty acres of land along the Jordan Creek, from John Eastburn. Here he settled and erected a log house, near the present mill-dam, in which he lived He had nine until the time of his death, in 1770. the Coplay Creek.

487

Winsor farm, along the Lehigh River, which is now owned by Jonathan Stemer. Frederick and Lawrence owned their tracts jointly until March 10, 1789, when by deed of partition of that date between them Frederick took the northeastern portion, including the homestead, and Lawrence the southeastern portion.

Frederick occupied his tract until his death, in

He

1794.

left

nine children,

— seven

sons, to wit

Henry, Peter, George Adam, Abraham, Frederick, and John, and two daughters, Catharine (wife of Jacob Strauss) and Elizabeth. Of these, Henry, Peter, and Jacob Strauss moved to Monroe County, John to Montour County, and Abraham and Frederick to Ohio, Elizabeth died single, George Adam bought a tract of land known as the " Church Land," in the " Moyer Valley." He had four daughters, Elizabeth (wife of Michael Minnich, who now owns and occupies the original LynfordLardner tract (" Grouse Hall"), along the Jordan, in South Whitehall), Abbie (wife of Solomon George), Lydia (wife of Daniel George, who moved to the Western States), and Esther (wife of George Albright, who settled in Northumberland County). Daniel, the eldest son of Frederick Newhard, acquired the homestead of his father Nov. 13, 1795, and held it until his death, Sept. 14, 1840. He left eight children, to wit Jonathan, Charles, Abraham, Henry, James, Reuben, Anna (wife of John Marcks), and Catharine. Of these, Reuben, Jonathan, and Henry occupied the land with the homestead, which is still owned by their families. Charles bought a tract in South Whitehall James settled near Egypt Abraham and Jonathan settled on the old homestead. The southeastern portion of the original George Frederick Newhard tract was owned by his son, Lawrence, until his death, in 1817. He had ten children, Daniel,

—

—

:

;

to

wit

:

Frederick,

Christian,

;

John Jacob,

Peter,

children, five

John, David, Daniel, Elizabeth (wife of John Moll, who lived at Allentown), Anna Maria (wife of Daniel Yundt), and Sally (wife of John Yundt). Of these, the first named moved West. Peter was a blacksmith by trade, and settled in Allentown, where his de-

Sophia, and Elizabeth Barbara. By deed of release Frederick and Lawrence, two of the sons, obtained the above tract of two hundred and fifty acres, as also an adjoining tract of one hun-

still living. John moved to Allentown, where he died in 1850, at the age of sixty-seven years. He had two sons Paul and Joseph and four daughters, to wit: Deborah (wife of Thomas Clark, who settled in the township), Eliza (wife of Seligman Butz, who moved West), Caroline (wife of Jones George, of Allentown), and Elenora(wife of William

sons, to wit: Frederick, Lawrence, Christopher, Daniel, and Peter, and four daughters, to wit: Juliana (wife of Stephen Snyder, herein elsewhere referred to), Salome (wife of Mathias Albert),

dred and twenty-one acres, for which their father had in his lifetime obtained a warrant. The other children of George Frederick Newhard

continued to live in this immediate vicinity. A patent was issued to Dauiel, dated Oct. 16, 1788, for eighty-six acres, adjoining tracts of Michael Kolb

and Adam Miller, and which was afterwards owned by Godfrey Knauss and Henry Schneider. Peter bought an undivided portion of the Giles

scendants are

—

—

Mullen).

Paul bought the original Philip Verbal

tract,

along

the Jordan, and parts of tracts of Jacob Wertz,

Stephen Snyder, and Daniel Newhard, which he occupied until the time of his death, in 1858, at the age of forty-nine years. At the time of his death he left two sons, Franklin J. and Lewis P. By proceedings in partition, Franklin J. accepted the whole tract of land, and subsequently sold a portion of it to his

—

— ;

HISTOEY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

488

brother, Lewis P., which they

still own. In 1875, Franklin J. Newhard was elected clerk of the Court of Quarter Sessions and Oyer and Terminer of the

He

now the Mutual Fire Insurance Company of

county, and health officer for three years. secretary of

is

Capt. Weiand, Samuel

Charles Reinsmith,

and Peter Roth, the years ago.

Funk, abandoning the hotel some now occupied by the widow

latter

The house

is

Roth as a dwelling. Godfrey Knauss the elder

of Peter

settled

now known

on the Jordan

He

Lehigh County.

Creek, at the place

Joseph, the other son of John Newhard, accepted his father's farm, and lived at the old homestead,

was living in this township before 1753, as in that year he was appointed by the court of Northampton County the constable of Whitehall township upon its

above the

mill, until his

He

eight years.

left

death, in 1868, aged

surviving one daughter,

(intermarried with Franklin Koehler,

fifty-

— Susan

who now owns

and occupies the old John Newhard tract). Daniel, the other son of Lawrence Newhard, acquired his father's homestead, which he occupied until his death. His widow still owns the old house. He had four sons Manasses (now living at Wilkesbarre), Menoni, Edwin C. D. (who is dead), and Lawrence J. (now living at Allentown) and two

—

—

who moved out of Lawrence Newhard

daughters,

On

the

grist-mill.

the township. tract is erected a stone

In the partition proceedings between Fred-

and Lawrence Newhard in 1789, the rights are reserved by Lawrence for a mill-dam and mill-race upon the land of Newhard, the mill not then having been built. In 1790 the mill was erected by Lawrence Newhard, which is still standing. Upon his death the mill property was acquired by John and Daniel, erick

In 1834, Daniel sold his share to John,

his two sons.

who

held

it

Under proceedJohn Newhard, the

until his death, in 1850.

ings in partition in the estate of

was occupied by his son, Joseph, who, with his Tilghman Butz, carried on the milling business for some time. It subsequently passed into the hands of Peter Both, who held it until his death. Shortly after this time it was sold to Thomas Strauss, the present owner. The mill is located on the Jordan Creek, which supplies the water-power. mill

brother-in-law,

The

mill with the surrounding houses constitute a

small hamlet.

In 1834, Daniel Newhard, having sold

his share in the mill, erected a house at this place, and surrounded it with a " clapboard" fence. In this

he was followed the same year by

his neighbors,

and

nearly the whole place was inclosed by these paling fences, at that time seldom used. David Newhard,

then living at Hamburg, Berks Co., paid his brother at the grist-mill a visit, and, being impressed with the novelty of these fences, called the place " Clapboard

Town," the name which

The houses erected by the

it

bears to this day.

at this place, with

Newhard

few exceptions, were

family and their descendants.

In 1831, John Clark, a son-in-law of John NewThis property was sold by the sheriflT, May 6, 1833, and bought by John Newhard and others, and sold by them, March The same year Copp 19, 1884, to Christian Copp. hard, erected a large house at this place.

petitioned the court for a hotel license at this place,

which was granted, and the house was known as the many years. His successors in the hotel business were Jesse Ochs, John Yund,

California Hotel for

organization.

He

as Shreversville.

obtained three patents, Jan. 12,

two hundred and thirty-five acres of land. Upon this tract he lived till his death, which is not known. He was buried on his own farm, in the orchard. He also purchased land near what is now Slatington, adjoining Nicholas Kern, who had settled in this township in 1735, and moved to this place in 1737. Prior to his death, July 10, 1771, he sold to his son, Godfrey Knauss, two hundred and seven acres of this land for six hundred pounds, payable in installments of fifty pounds per year. He left surviving six children, four sons George Frederick, Philip, Godfrey, and Paul and two daughters, Eve Catharine and Mrs. Felix Griesemer, who lived in South Whitehall. George Frederick, Philip, and Paul Knauss, sons of Godfrey the elder, and brothers of Godfrey Knauss, Jr., removed to other parts of the county. Eve Catharine Knauss, their sister, was born in 1750, and married George Yundt, son of Jacob Yundt, who settled on the Lehigh River. She died April 22, 1818, aged sixty-seven years. Of these, Godfrey was born July 15, 1742, and settled upon the homestead. He patented on the 27th of May, 1789, a tract of thirty-two acres adjoining. His death occurred Feb. 15, 1806. He was a blacksmith by trade, and had a shop at what is now known as Knauss' Bridge, over the Jordan. He carried on business at this place for thirty years, as appears by his accountbook kept in German, which is still in existence. His accounts commence in 1770, and contain the names of most of the families living at that time in the township. During the time of the Revolution the entries for several years are few. In 1797 he erected the stone barn still standing, and subse1763, for

—

—

quently the dwelling-house. children, one son

—

He

left

— Jonathan — and

surviving six

five daughters,

Saloma, Maria, Catharine, Hannah, and Magdalene. Jonathan was born Oct. 18, 1778, married Elizabeth Faust, daughter of Jonas Faust, and upon his father's death, in 1806, he purchased the interest of the heirs in the homestead, where he continued to live until his death,

March

whom Reuben

22, 1826.

.

He

left

twelve children, of

homestead; Edward, Joseph, Jonathan, and Peter moved to Allentown William w.as a volunteer in the Mexican war, and died at New Orleans on his way to the seat of war Sarah, wife of Henry Hisky, settled near the homestead, where she died Adaline became the wife of Augustus L. Ruhe, of Allentown, and settled in that city; Mary, wife of David Stemm, also settled in that lives near the old

;

;

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP, where for many years her husband kept the American Hotel, and became sheriff of Lehigh County, and subsequently removed to Pliiladelphia, where he still lives; Magdalena married Henry Schaadt, and in the division of property of her father

city,

accepted the homestead of her father, Dec. 9, 1831, where she settled. They had nine children,— William, Henry, Monroe, John, Esther, Magdalene, Eliza,

Christiana,

Henry bought

Mary Ann.

and

William and North Whitehall, where

their farm in

they located.

Monroe acquired the old Godfrey Knauss homestead, which is still owned and occupied by him John became the owner of a portion of his father's land, and resides in AUentown Esther married David Troxell Magdalene became the wife of A. G. Balliet, of AUentown Eliza, wife of Reuben Kammen, and resides in Luzerne County Christiana married Franklin J. Newhard, and resides in the township and Mary Ann married Solomon Euch, and lives with her mother on a portion of the original tract. Of the daughters of Godfrey Knauss, Jr., and sisters of Jonathan, Soloma was intermarried with ;

;

;

;

;

;

Frederick Biery, who engaged in farming in the township for some years, and subsequently, March 29, 1805, purchased land that now embraces a portion of the site of Catasauqua. Maria became the wife

who resided on a portion of the origWertz tract, herein elsewhere referred to. Catharine was married to John Keichley, who resided in the township, whose descendants are still residents in the vicinity. Among them are Edwin and Stephen Keichley, Soloma (widow of Jonas Biery, of Catasauqua), Lovina (widow of Nathan Frederick, of Allentown), Kebecca (wife of Adam Moyer), and Mary Keichley, of AUentown. Hannah, the daughter of Godfrey Knauss, Jr., was married to Abram Zerfass, of Peter Mark, inal Jacob

New

Magdalene, another daughter, became the wife of George Knauss. Their descendants reside in South Whitehall. Daniel Roth emigrated from Switzerland and landed

and in 1819 moved

to

York.

in Philadelphia in 1740, then fifteen years of age. He came to this section with the early settlers and While yet in his located on the Jordan Creek.

minority he obtained a warrant in right of Peter Troxell for one hundred and three acres of land, and subsequently three warrants in his own name for one hundred and sixty acres of land. Here he engaged the tract in farming, and built the first log house on and in Lichtenwallner, or Bortz the as now known 1793 built the second house, which was of stone, two stories high,

and

still

standing.

He

died Feb. 22,

He had nine years. 1817, at the age of ninety-three Henry, Danchildren, six sons— Jacob, Peter, John, iel,

Abraham—and

three

daughters,— Maria

Eve,

Barbara, and Catharine. Culp, and Jacob married a daughter of Michael purchased, March

10, 1813, the

Culp

tract,

where he

children,— Daniel, Peter, and Maria. DanCatharine, Jeremiah, Jacob, John, settled.

He had

seven

489

settled in the township, acquired fifty acres of his

iel

grandfather, and also portion of the tracts of

Adam

and Henry Biery, in all one hundred and forty acres, a portion of which is also owned by his son, Edwin Roth, and the remainder by Lewis Bogh. Peter, son of Jacob, bought portions of the Culp and Blank tracts, where he resided for some years. He afterwards moved to Clapboard Town, where he purchased the grist-mill and hotel, where he died. The hotel property is still owned by his widow, and the mill by Thomas Strauss. John Roth, son of Jacob, bought his father's farm, where he died. He had one daughter, Adaline, who is the wife of Charles Henninger, by whom the farm was inherited and is still owned. Jacob, son of Jacob, married Anna, daughter of Jacob Schreiber, and lived in the township at MickMiller, Jacob Mickley,

ley's

Church.

Catharine, daughter of Jacob Roth, married Jona-

than Marcks, settled in South Whitehall, where she is still

living.

Maria became the wife of Solomon Kemerer, and settled on Coplay Creek, on a portion of the Adam Deshler

tract.

Peter, son of Jacob, settled

South Whitehall

in

township, was a soldier in the war of 1812, and was Among his sons in the expedition to Marcus Hook.

were John, who inherited the homestead, where he died, leaving three children, Paul, Polly (Mrs. Jonathan Semmel), Mary (Mrs. Abraham Worman), who,

—

with their descendants, Daniel Roth tract.

still

own

a portion of the

Daniel, son of Daniel, was a soldier in the war of

the Revolution, and was killed at the battle of Germantown. John, Henry, and Abraham, sons of Daniel, still

resided in this vicinity.

Their descendants are

living.

Maria Eve, daughter of Daniel, married Christopher Freyman, who bought forty-four acres of land at Seiple's Station, March 31, 1827, which at that time was a wilderness of scrub-oak and pine underbrush. It is now owned by Tilghman Freyman, a descendant.

They had seven

children,

— Joseph,

Maria (wife of Frederick Bader), Catharine (wife of Joseph Miller), and Lydia (wife of Hamilton Patterson, of Clapboard Town). Jacob Wertz settled upon a tract of three hundred and eighteen acres of land along the Jordan Creek. Some time afterwards he obtained a warrant for this same, dated Dec. 6, 1749, which was followed by patCharles, Stephen, Tilghman,

ent dated

March

5,

1750.

John same tract, 1737, which

Prior to this time

Aigander obtained two warrants

for the

one dated Dec. 7, 1734, the other Oct. 12, both became V9id. John Aigander is mentioned in the Egypt Church records in 1733 as sponsor at a baptism. J'acob

Wertz sold this tract and no further

Sept. 4, 1751,

to

George Hoffman, Wertz

traces of the

—

HISTOEY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

490

family are found in the township.

Jan. 26, 1754,

George Hoffman sold to Michael Harlacher. Oct. 9, 1766, Michael Harlacher sold to Daniel Harlacher, who sold to Christopher Blank, Nov. 27, 1770, and no further traces of the Harlacher family in the township remain. Christopher Blank also obtained patents for three other tracts, one adjoining tract of forty-one acres the other two tracts of seventy acres adjoined the original Michael Kolb and Adam Miller tract. Dec. 3, 1790, he sold to his son, Peter, one hundred and twenty acres of the Wertz tract and fifty ;

Of the balance he George Adam, seventyJohn Snell, Dec. 19, 1778, one hun-

acres of the seventy-acre tract. sold,

same

five acres

date, to his son,

also to

;

dred and eighty-three acres of the Wertz

The other

township.

moved out

who

George Helffrich lived upon the

his

father's

He

tract, left

and engaged

surviving two

and Mary, wife of Paul Yundt Eeuben accepted

settled in the township.

the farm, which he

still

holds.

The George Adam Blank Grim, April

2,

1802.

tract

was acquired by Peter only daugh-

He died, leaving an

intermarried with James Deshler, to

ter,

whom

the

In 1872, after the death of Mrs. Deshler, Eeuben Helffrich also bought the mill prop-

property descended.

erty tract with fifty-five acres of land.

Peter.

He

had previously sold

this tract to his son,

Peter died, leaving seven children,

— Peter,

Jonathan, John, Gideon, Magdalene (wife of John

Wenner), Hannah, Mary (wife of David Burkhalter, settled in Crawford County). Peter and Jonathan obtained the farm. Peter died, leaving two children, Jesse, who resides in Allentown, and still owns a portion of the land, and a daughter, intermarried with Thomas Yundt. Jonathan lived in South Whitehall. His only surviving son, Francis J., now owns the farm. John settled in Macungie, and Gideon in South Whitehall, where he is still living. On the original Jacob Wertz tract is located a grist-

who

—

now known as Helffrich's The first mill erected at this

mill,

the site of the old mill by Peter Grim, the saw-mill

The only

being then abandoned. springs near by.

source of power

was the water from

for the mill until 1877

Helffrich's

In that year Eeuben Helfirich, the

present owner, erected a

dam

in the Jordan Creek

;

:

The other portion of the Wertz tract was sold by John Snell, Dec. 19, 1778, to Benedict Weidelinger, who held it until March 10, 1784, when he sold it to Conrad Mark, who also bought a number of tracts beside. He settled upon this tract, and afterwards moved to Montgomery County, where, by accident, he lost life.

the " mill-race.''

two sources upon the same wheel, making an efficient power throughout the whole year. The mill was held by the Grim and Deshler families until 1872, when it was sold to Eeuben Helffrich. Upon the Helffrich farm, close by the mill, traces of an old graveyard are still visible. Tradition points out that the early settlers had intended this place for a church and burial-ground, for the lower part of the township, Egypt being in the upper part, and Allentown not then being settled. Religious services were held in the mill and barn. A number of graves are still visible, over which are erected red sandstones as monuments. The inscriptions upon most of these are worn off by exposure to the weather one, however, remains in perfect condition, the stone standing, with the inscription on the lower side as follows

Peter Eoth, a son-in-law, accepted the

—Eeuben

pher Blank sold a " portion" of the land to his son, George Adam Blank, and received the water-right for

four daughters, after marriage,

of the township.

in farming until his death.

who both

This whole tract

owned by one and the same person. No mention is made of the waterrights in the conveyances until 1790, when Christo-

opposite the mill, thus running the water from the

balance, fifty acres.

children

ious services were held in the " mill."

of land was for a long time being

both settled in the

George accepted the greater part of land, and

probable that at this time (1753) this first mill was it also further appears that in 1770 relig-

is

erected, as

In 1807 the new stone grist-mill was erected upon

June 1, 1799, his whole tract. John Helffrich held the same until his death, in 1829. He had children, George, John, and Michael (the two latter never having been married), Lydia (wife of Peter Eoth), Eegina (wife of Daniel Eoth),

and saw-mill. In 1751, Jacob Wertz sold his tract George Hoffman, "miller." In 1763, Hoffinan obtained from John Johnson, of Germantown, a loan of two hundred and fifty pounds, and as security It for the same mortgaged to Johnson his farm. to

tract.

Peter Blank sold to his son-in-law, John Helffrich,

his

;

mill.

place was a log grist-

" *'

Anna

Cadhirina Mulrin,

ist

Hir Kuhet geborin im jar a.d. 1733, \ind gestorwen

deu ISteQ August!. "Mein leib ruhet in der erd, dooh komt entlich auch die mich dort sehen wert in der froen ewigkeit."

A.D. 1775,

zeit das ilir

Michael Kolb obtained a warrant, dated Nov. 27, designated as " Rags," containing one hundred and sixty-seven acres, and had the same patented Nov. 14, 1788. It was situated near the Jordan, adjoining lands of Stephen Snyder and Christopher Blank. He died in 1812, leaving two sons (Henry and Adam) and five daughters, wife of Jacob Clader, who settled in Hanover township Catharine, wife of Jacob Roth, of this township Barbara, wife of Abraham Roth, of the same place; Maria, wife of Samuel Kolb Susanna, wife of Peter Wiand. Henry occupied the farm, March 10, 1813, and same year sold it to James Roth, his brother-inlaw, and Adam settled in Hanover township. Some 1787, for a tract

,

;

;

of the descendants of

township, and

own

Henry

are

still

living in the

portions of the original tract.

Before the proposed church was built Northamp-

— WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP. ton (Allentown) was settled, and ground donated by James Allen to the German Reformed and Lutheran

congregations for churches and burial-grounds. After this time the church and burial-grounds at Helffrich's

were abandoned.

his death.

491

Henry acquired one hundred and

acres of his father's land along the Lehigh. in 1826,

and by his

will divided his land

forty

He

died

among

his

sons.

in

He had eight children, to wit Daniel, Felix, Henry, Salome (who was never married), Hannah (wife of Reuben Knauss), Elizabeth (wife of Jacob Miller, who moved from the township), Magdalene (wife of Peter Beil, also removed from the township), and Anna. Daniel sold his portion of the land and moved to South Whitehall, where he died. Felix had a small tract in the township, where he died. His descendants are still living in this place and Catasauqua. Henry sold his portion of the tract and bought part of the original Daniel Newhard and Godfrey Knauss tracts, still owned by his son, Edwin, and his son-in-law, Daniel Wright. Frederick and Peter, the other two sons of Stephen, sold their tracts and removed from the township. A portion of the Stephen Snyder tract, along the Lehigh River, was laid out in building lots by Frederick & Co., car-builders at this place, in 1870, and the village is now known as Fullerton. Another large portion of the Stephen Snyder tract was subsequently owned by the Diefenderfers. Alexander Diefenderfer, the first of the family in this vicinity, emigrated from the " Palatinate upon the Rhine," and sailed with one hundred and nine families in the ship "William and Sarah," William Hill, master, from Rotterdam, but last from Dover, and

portion of the land divided

landed at Philadelphia, Sept. 21, 1727. He settled in Bucks County. Among his children were Godfrey and Margaret, the latter of whom was born Sept. 18, 1729. In 1750, Godfrey moved to Macungie, this

:

Adam

Miller was born in Europe in 1721, at an early age emigrated into this country, and settled in Whitehall township. He located and obtained warrants and patents for three tracts of land, one called "Stretford," another "Millhouse," the third "Mistake," containing together two hundred and seventyfour acres, adjoining land of Jacob Yund and Jacob

Hartman, along the Lehigh River. Prior to this time he treated with the Indians, who had possession of the land, and bought their place for eight pounds. Not having sufficient funds to pay this, he went to Durham Furnace and chopped wood to raise this amount, leaving his family behind with the Indians. He built his first house at the spring, near the present site of the Catasauqua Depot. He died in 1815, and is buried at Egypt Church. His wife, Anna, died in 1775, and is buried in the old graveyard at Helffrich's Mill, where the tombstone still contains the inscription. Prior to his death he sold his land to his two sons, William taking the lower JDortion and Abraham the upper portion, who held these tracts until they died. William had three sons (Paul, William, and .Toshua) and six daughters, three of

Catharine, are

still

whom

(Magdalena, Osman,

widow of Peter Steckel, and Levina Hess)

living, the

former two in Allentown, the latter

Bucks County. Joshua acquired most of his father's land. He lived at Biery's Bridge, where he died some years ago, his widow still retaining the homestead, and a

A large

among

his three children.

portion of the original Miller tract

divided and laid out in building

lots,

now

is

forming a

known as West Catasauqua and Pleasant Hill. Abraham Miller had several lage partly

vil-

partly as children.

This land was divided between Peter and Joseph, the former taking the homestead and larger tract, which is now owned by Frederick Eberhard. Stephen Snyder settled in this township prior to 1765,

and located several

tracts of land.

He

pur-

chased from Jacob Shnarr a proprietary warrant, dated June 11, 1766, for seventeen acres, called " Stephen's Burg," and for which he obtained a patent Sept.

him

5,

1786.

Another patent was issued

to

for eighty-five acres, dated Sept. 6, 1786, called

" Stephen's Green," and a third patent for one hundred and eighty-five acres, dated 1786. These tracts adjoined lands of Jacob Winds, Giles Windsor, Frederick and Lawrence Newhard, Jacob Wertz, Michael Kolb, and Christopher Blank, and extended from the Lehigh River west to the road leading from Allentown

and almost to the Jordan Creek. daughter of Frederick Juliana, to married He was He had three sons,— Henry, Frederick, Newhard. and Peter, among whom he divided his land before to Siegfried's Bridge,

—

He was marand had six children, to wit John, born Jan. 25, 1754 Gertraut, born July 19, 1757 Margaret and Jacob, twins, born June 26, 1759; Henry, born Feb. 3, 1764; and Philip, born Aug. 3, 1772. All these lived in Macungie for some time at least. Henry, one of the sons, was married to Susan Jarrett, a daughter of Henry Jarrett, of Macungie. John Diefenderfer, eldest son of Godfrey, was marcounty, where he lived until his death. ried

May

3,

1753,

:

:

;

ried to Charlotte Elizabeth Shankweiler, Feb. 6, 1781.

She was the daughter of Jacob Shankweiler and Elizabeth, his wife, of Griimbach, Germany, born March 25, 1759. Shortly after his marriage, in 1783, John Diefenderfer moved to Northampton (now Whitehall) township, on the Lehigh River, the present site of the Allentown Furnace. There was then at this place a one-and-a-half-story log house of rude construction, the logs projecting at different lengths,

and

the one-sided roof almost slanting to the ground.

A

large black-walnut tree stood alongside of the house,

which covered the

entire building.

until his death, in 1815.

He had

Here he

Margaret, intermarried with Peter Newhard, tled at

Allentown

;

Abraham,

lived

five children,

who

set-

also settled at Allen-

—

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

492 town

Isaac and Jacob, both of

;

youth

;

whom

died in their

and John.

in Whitehall township, Aug.

4,

Upon

1787.

his father's

death he continued to live at the homestead until he arrived at the age of forty-two years, when he moved

about two miles northwest of this place, having bought a portion of the Stephen Snyder tract. Here he He lived until the time of his death, June 5, 1862. was married to Salome, a daughter of Abraham Sterner. He left surviving ten children, to wit: Moses,

Solomon, Esther (wife of Adam Berlin), Ephraim, John, Sally (wife of James Snyder), Lucetta (wife of Jesse Reichard), Owen, Aaron, and Matilda (wife of Lewis Biery). Of these, Moses, Solomon, John, Sally, Owen, and Aaron settled upon portions of their father's land, Owen taking the homestead and the largest tract of land. Esther settled at Berlinsville, Northampton Co. Ephraim at All en town Lucetta upon a portion of the original Jacob Yundt tract in the township; and Matilda also in the township, on the Coplay ;

;

Creek.

In 1868, Moses and Ephraim moved still

to

Yundt,

12,

May

9,

1750; the

1750.

He lived at this place He bad six children, — Peter,

erick Mansion. in 1760. iel,

till

his death,

George, DanIn 1771 the prop-

Jacob, Abraham, and Mary.

through proceedings in partition, was accepted by George Yundt, who settled upon it, and died on He had ten children, six sons April 13, 1828. Abraham, John, Daniel, George, Jonas, Peter and erty,

—

four daughters, hard), (wife

—

— Catharine (wife of Frederick

New-

Soloma (wife of Henry Newhard), Elizabeth of John Oehl), and Mrs. George Adam New-

hard.

The property was divided

still

among

in 1813

the six

Lehigh River, immediately south of the Stephen Snyder tract, and known as " Giles' Last Purchase," was patented May 22, 1767, by Giles Winsor, containing one hundred and fortythree and a half acres. May 13, 1768, he sold the same to Francis Hartman, who sold to Peter Newhard and Abraham Sterner, Jan. 1, 1776, and subsetract along the

Newhard

Sterner, Jan. 20, 1785.

Abraham

sold his share to

Abraham

Sterner was born

to Whitehall in 1776. He died Among his children were Adam, Henry,

in 1760,

and moved

April

1835.

Salome (wife of John Diefenderfer, who a portion of the Stephen Snyder

upon

settled

(wife

tract),

of John Scherrer, of North Whitehall), Catharine (wife

of Henry Miller, of Allentown). his father the Giles

Winsor

Adam

acquired from

and

bought several other tracts near by, including the land upon which the Allentown Iron Company's works are built. Adam was married to Polly Yost, of Salisbury, and tract,

also

surviving four children, to wit John, Jonathan, Lewis, and Elemina, wife of Levi Freeman. Each of the children obtained a part of the father's land, Jonaleft

:

than taking the homestead, which he Henry, a son of Abraham, settled at teen sons and three daughters, some of

still ,

owns.

had

whom are

thirstill

living in this vicinity.

Jacob Yundt settled on the Lehigh River, and settwo hundred and seventy-eight acres, which he took up in two warrants, one of which had been warranted by George Miller, Oct. 23, 1737, tled on a tract of

five children,

—Enoch, Henry,

Silas,

Matilda, and Ruflna.

John had three ters Elizabeth

John

children,

—a son, John, and daugh-

John Roth), Catharine (Mrs. They moved to Northumberland

(Mrs.

Richel).

County, the others remaining in the township. George Yundt had seven children, Paul, Thomas,

—

family reside in Macungie.

quently Peter

Abraham had

Talbot

Owen

reside.

owns and occupies the John Diefenderfer homestead. Among the sons of Owen are John G. Diefenderfer, Esq., of Bethlehem, and Thomas F. Diefenderfer, Esq., of Allentown. Numerous descendants of this

4,

June

sons.

County, Md., where they

The

to

Another tract of eighty-five acres, near the Jordan Creek, was warranted to Jacob Yundt, June 12, 1750. The tract of two hundred and seventy-eight acres extended from Biery's Bridge down to Stephen Snyder's farm. In 1757, Jacob Yundt erected a large two-story stone house a short distance below Biery's Bridge, which is still standing and familiarly known as the Fredother bears date

Diefenderfer, youngest son of John, was born

John

and vacated and granted

David, Francis, and Polly (Mrs. Reuben Helfrich), Rebecca (Mrs. Reuben Wenner), Elizabeth (Mrs.

Nathan Eberhard). Of these Paul and David moved to

Indiana,

Thomas

in

settled

South Whitehall,

Francis in Carbon County, and Mrs.

Wenner

set-

South Whitehall, and Mrs. Helfrich and Mrs. Eberhard remained in the township. Jonas Yundt moved to Clapboard Town, where he kept the hotel for a time. A portion of the original Yundt tract was afterwards owned by George Frederick, who, in 1855, sold tled in

to

Asa Packer. Henry Biery owned and

settled

upon a

tract of land

He was

marSalome Newhard, and had ten children, Frederick, David, Henry, Jacob, Abraham, Barbara, Elizabeth, Margaret, Catharine, and Magdalene. Frederick settled in the township. In 1805 he bought from Marks John Biddle a tract of land upon which part of Catasauqua is now built, and lived there until his death. His wife died about fifty-two years ago, aged eighty -three years. David Biery acquired a part of his father's land, and engaged in farming until his death. He had nine children, Joseph, Peter, David, Stephen, Rebecca, Lydia, Catharine, Sarah, and Polly. Stephen moved to the State of New York, David to

along the Coplay Creek prior to 1791.

—

ried to

—

Reading, Peter to Allentown.

.loseph took part of

the farm and lived near Mickley's Church, where he died.

Rebecca, wife of Peter Kern,

the Coplay Creek.

who

Lydia was married

to

lived along

John New-

:;

.;

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP. who

hard,

settled at Allentown.

Catharine, wife of

493 This was built of stone, and was by the township of the

southeast of Egypt.

Jacob Soberer, who settled near Mickley's Church, where she is still living, and owns part of the original

school law,

Biery

building, which was used

Sarah, wife of Ludwig Schmidt, who settled in Allentown, and was engaged in the drug business. Polly, wife of Samuel Marx, of Allentown Henry and Jacob Biery, sons of Henry, moved to the State of New York and settled in Seneca County, the present site of Bearytown. tract.

—

Abraham, another son of Henry, was married to Salome Burkhalter, and settled upon a portion of the Burkhalter tract. He had six children,— Joseph,

in use until the acceptance

when

was replaced by a larger stone till 1873, since which time it has been used as a dwelling. In the same year the present double brick school-house was erected, about a quarter of a mile from the old house. It is known as the East Hokendauqua school, and numbers about it

ninety pupils.

The next house was

built in

1809, at Jordan

Creek, at Newhard's bridge, about four miles from

Egypt.

This was a stone

edifice,

and was used

until

Keuben, Anna (wife of Thomas Faust), Deliah (wife of Henry Track), Sally (wife of Solomon Woodring),

half a mile distant, near Clapboard Town, which was

Elizabeth (wife of Emanuel Kern).

in use until 1879,

Joseph moved to Illinois, Reuben to Missouri, Henry Frack to Iowa. Thomas Faust was a blacksmith by trade, and subsequently served as steward of the county poor-house for twenty-two years, and is now

brick building near the same

site. This school is attended by about forty children. Of the early teachers before the new school system the names of the following have been obtained

living at Allentown,

Daniel Friezy, James McNeer, John Amie, John Kleckler, Henry Wilkin, Charles Springer, George

"Woodring

settled

in

eighty-one

Macungie

years old. ;

Elizabeth

Sally

Kern

settled in Iowa.

Barbara was the wife of Henry Burkhalter, and Catharine the wife of Peter Burkhalter, sons of John Peter Burkhalter. Margaret and Magdalene, two of the daughters, were married into the Mickley family and settled in Adams County. Elizabeth, another daughter of Henry Biery, is married to Peter Steckel, who settled in the township near Egypt, on the old Steckel homestead. A portion of the tract originally owned by William and Margaret Lowther was subsequently sold by Richard and Henry Metz to Abraham Butz. Upon his death his son, Thomas Butz, acquired this tract, and also bought other tracts from John Paul and Peter

Beary.

him

The

greater portion of this tract was sold by

Thomas Iron Company, and the other his son, Thomas F. Butz, the latter of whom

to the

portion to

bought an adjoining tract from the estate of David Biery. Thomas F. Butz now owns in this immediate vicinity a tract of one hundred and fifty-one acres on Coplay Creek, and several other farms in this and Northampton County. Early Tavern Licenses granted in Whitehall township Adam Deshler, 1757 Paul Balliet, 1759 Henry Berger, 1759 Leonard Heughle, 1760; Peter Kohler, 1764 Daniel Good, 1769 George Hoffman, Michael Snyder, Peter Kern, Jacob Hartman, Daniel also

;

:

;

;

;

Kern, Conrad Lintz, 1786. Licenses granted in 1812 for the Whitehall town-

George Gangewere, Joseph Levan, Henry Good, Peter Butz, Abraham Griesamer, Peter Dorney, John Moore, Michael Sieger, Christian Troxell, Peter Bumble. Schools.— The first schools in the township were in connection with the Egypt Church, of which an acships

count the

:

is

first

given in the history of that church. In 1798 school-house not connected with the church

was erected

at Mickley's,

about two and a half miles

1856,

when another

stone house was erected about

when

it

was replaced by the present

Rhoads, John K. Clifton, and Henry W. Knipe. A stone school-house was erected at Schreiber's prior to 1830. This school-house was in use by the people now living at Coplay and Hokendauqua, and it was abandoned about 1869, and brick school-houses were erected at Coplay and Hokendauqua, which are still in use.

A

scription at

brick school-house was erected by sub-

what

is

now Whitehall

Station, at the in-

stance of Leslie Miller, B. Bates, and others.

It

was

used by the district later, and in 1868 was purchased by the school directors, who took it down and erected

upon its site the present two-story brick building. There are at present ten school districts in the township

:

Sterner's. This school-house

addition was

made

in 1882.

was erected in 1870 There are four schools,

with one hundred and ninety-four pupils. Pleasant Hill. The school is a double brick building, erected in 1876. It contains two schools, with one hundred and seven pupils. East Hokendauqua. The school-house at this place is also a double brick building, with spire and bell, erected in 1879. It contains two schools and has about ninety pupils. Newhard's. This house was erected in 1878. It contains one school, with twenty-seven pupils. Schaadt's. The first house was built in 1839. The present, of stone, in 1868. It contains one school and has about thirty -eight pupils. Butz's. At this place the house was erected, of frame, in 1869. One school is kept, which has about thirty-

eight pupils.

Egypt. In 1871 the present house was brick, with steeple

and

bell.

It contains

built,

ot

two schools,

with ninety pupils. Klechner's. In 1874 the school-house was erected, of brick. It contains one school, with twenty-seven pupils.

HISTOKY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

494

Whitehall Station. This house was built in 1868, of brick, two stories, with spire

two schools and has

and

bell.

It contains

fifty-eight pupils.

— George

W.

Daniel, three years; A. K. Kelchner, three years;

Owen

Diefenderfer, two years; Franklin J.

Adam

Scheirer, one year;

March.— Robert

1869,

Newhard, two years; Ephraim Wenner, one year.

Steckel, T. F. Butz.

October.— David Wieser, Samuel E. Leith. 1870, October. Clinton Breinig, Abraham L. Newhard. 1869,

1871. 1872.

— —No election of school directora. —John H. Koons (two years), Samuel Brown

Steckel,

Reuben Helfrich.

—

— — 1880. — Edwin Breinig, James P. Geidner, Edwin Roth. 1881.— E. Peter Steckel, Charles Radeline. Francis G. Bernd, James J. Kemerer. 1883.— Thomas F. Butz, Lewis F. Koch. 1884.— Charles Radeline, Tilghman Scbatfer.

DATE.

1871.— No election. 1872, March. E. H. Knerr, 0. L. Schreiber, Jonathan Reinhart. 1873. M. Rothermel, Peter Quinn. 1874.— David Meyer, Dr. C. W. Williams, B. S. Levan. 1875.— L. P. Levan, C. H, Knerr.

—

—

— — —

Troxell (one year).

SCHOOL DIRECTORS OF HOKENDAUQUA INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT FROM ORGANIZATION TO DATE. 1866.— S. H. Price, Jos. McMullen. 1807.- S. L. Nevens, R. L. McNeil, 1868.— Edwin Mlckley, Theodore H, Green, Theodore J, Kline. 1869, March. James W, Mickley, John Thomas, Jos. McMullen.

— —James W. Mickley, Samuel L. Nevene.

1869, October.

1870, October.— E. Mickley, Theodore H. Green. 1871.— No election. 1872.— John Thomas, Joseph McMullen. 1873.— Theodore H, Green, Edwin Mickley. 1874.— James W. Mickley, William H. Baim. 1875. F. C. Eckensperger, Joseph McMuUon, John Thomas, John Thomas, Edwin Mickley, 1876. 1877.— James W. Mickley, Dr. E, G, Steinmetz. 1878. F. C. Eckensperger, William Love.

—

— —

1879.— Edwin Mickley, John Thomas. 1880.— Dr. E, G. Steinmetz, David H. Thomas, 1881, William Love (two years), F. C. Eckensperger, F. S. Hartman. 1882, John Thomas, Edwin Mickley, Perry Wannamacher (one year), 188;;, Perry Wannamacher, William Love. 1884.— F. C. Eckensperger, F. S. Hartman.

— — —

1

From

398.

Dr. J. H. Dubbs'

1873.

*'

American

been members of the Reit was but natural that

they should organize a congregation holding to the

same

There were indeed from

religious confession.

the beginning a few Lutherans in the neighborhood,

including such respectable families as the Saegers and

many

the

Ruchs

first

settlement that they found themselves sufficiently

;

but

it

was not

till

years after the

to organize

oldest

document

the most primitive manner, with strips of buckskin

Egypt and members of the

settlers in

Historical Record," vol.

ii.

trarum animarum," and a German inscription, of which the following is a translation " Baptismal record of the congregation at the Lehigh, in which are to be recorded the names of the children baptized, the names of their parents, and also the names of their :

1876.— Eli Sieger, J. D. Schreiber. 1877.— Tilghman Anthony, Amos Wolf. 1878.— David Meyer, C. H. Knerr. 1879.— Levi Fry, Eli Falk. 1880.— Dr. V. G. Heebner, Marcus Rothemel. 1881.- Charles Troxell, Eli Sieger. 18S2. John Allen, B. F. Conner, James Stuart. 1883. Eli Sieger, W. F. Levan, Marcus Rotharmel. 1884. David Brown, John Allen, Alfred Eeinhard (one year), Charles

— The earliest

all

serving instead of clasps. The title-page bears the motto, " Omnia ad Dei gloriam Salutemque nos-

1870, October.- B, S. Levan, S. A. Leinbacb.

vicinity were almost exclusively

Wood-

a separate congregation. in the possession of the Reformed congregation is a baptismal record, bound in

— Levi Fehr, Joseph Fogel.

Egypt Church.'

As these people had

formed Church in Europe,

The

SCHOOL DIRECTORS OF COPLAY FROM ORGANIZATION TO

its

(now written Bal-

and probably some others, were of Huguenot descent; the Schreibers were natives of Niederbronn, in Alsace. The Schaadts, having emigrated from the province of Hannau, were long familiarly known as the Hannauers, but the greater number, among whom we might mention such names as Kohler, Kern, Burgholter, Mickley, Troxel, Steckel, and many others, are said to have been generally natives of Switzerland, and Egypt was consequently often called a Swiss

numerous

—

1869, October.

Polliets

the Voeturns (now written Wotring or

settlement.^ (two years), Robert

1873.— George W. Daniel, Samuel E. Leith. 1874.- C. B. Breiijig, T. F. Butz. 1875. George W. Daniel, Owen Homel. 1876.— E. L. Deoh, D. L. Bogh. 1877.— Jonas M. Kern, Edwin Breinig. 1878. William Yellis, James J. Kemerer, Francis J. Newhard. 1879, James J. Kemerer, Abraham Wieser, Edwin Roth (one year).

1882.

liet),

ring),

Hokendauqua Independent. This district became independent April 7, 1865. SCHOOL DIRECTOBS OF WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP TEOM ORGANIZATION TO DATE. 1868.

The

Reformed Church.

sponsors.

Commenced March

22, 1733."

Goetschius remained pastor of the Egypt Church until 1736, after record.

which

his

name

disappears from the

About the year 1740 he returned

to Switzer-

and subsequently brought his family to America, but where they settled is not definitely known. For a number of years after the organization of the congregation, and before the building of a church, religious services were held alternately in the houses of Peter Troxell and George Kern. The first baptism recorded in " ^Egypten" by Rev. Mr. Goetschius was that of a son of " the respectable Peter Troxell, church censor of the Reformed congregation at this place," and his wife, Juliana Catharine. The child was baptized on the 26th of October, 1733, and was named Johannes. The sponsors were Nicholas Kern, Johannes Egender, and Margaret Egender. It is not usual at present to have so many sponsors at baptism, and the office of " church censor" is now, we believe, entirely unknown in our American German land,

churches.

For several years after the resignation of Goetschius the Egypt Church was without a regular pastor. was, however, occasionally supplied by the Rev.

Philip Boehm,

who

forty miles away.

resided in Montgomery, nearly Mr. Boehm was a man of talent

page 2

It

John

Map

of

Edward Kohler.

:

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP. and

influence,

and took a prominent part

495

(Dutch) Church, residing in Bucks County, who had probably been commissioned to visit and inspect the

is mention made of a widow. The records during Wissler's pastorate were well kept, and include eighteen baptisms and thirty-five confirmations. He also solemnized several marriages, of which the following is the first on the record ".'Egypten, November 28th, 1752.— On this day Samuel, a legitimate son of Nicholas Saeger, and Anna Eva, a legitimate daughter of the late Frederick Eberhard, were admitted to the state of Holy Matrimony." Mr. Wissler also entered on the records of the Egypt Church certain memoranda, which, strictly speaking, belonged to the history of neighboring

German

congregations.

logical controversies of the day.

A

in the theo-

sketch of his

may be found in Harbaugh's " Lives of the Fathers of the Reformed Church." Our record informs us that while the church was still vacant three children were taken to the Saucon Church, a distance of fifteen miles, and were there

life

baptized on the 23d of September, 1740, by " Herr Inspector Peter Heinrich Torschius." We have no hesitation in identifying this " Inspector" with the Rev. P. H. Dorstius, a minister of the Reformed

churches, and to report their condition to the ecclesiastical authorities in Europe.

The next pastor at Egypt was Rev. John Conrad Wuertz, who imitates Goetschius in styling himself Helvetico Tigurinus. This minister had a fashion of varying the orthography of his name, changing from Wuertz to Wurtz, and finally settling down to Wirtz, a bad practice, which in this, as in many other instances, has caused much confusion. He remained in charge from 1742 to 1744, when he removed to Springfield, Bucks Co., and in 1751 to Rockaway, N. J. It seems that he did not stand in any regular ecclesiastical connection when he preached in Egypt, but was finally regularly ordained by the Presbyterian Presbytery of New Brunswick. After the resignation of Mr. Wuertz there seems to have been another vacancy, from 1744 to 1751, during which period the church was, in part at least, supplied by Rev. J. P. Boehm and the distinguished Rev. Michael Schlotter Boehm, who died suddenly on the Ist of May, 1749, at an advanced age, after having, on the previous day, administered the Lord's Supper to the Egypt congregation. It is enough to remark that Schlotter was to the German Reformed what the elder Muhlenberg was to the Lutheran Church, the ruling spirit that brought order out of the chaos of its early history. In his journal he has but little to say concerning the Egypt Church, prob-

—

—

ably on account of its inaccessibility, lying in the midst of what was then almost a wilderness. On the 8th of November, 1748, he says, " I received a call for a minister from the congregations called Egypt and Heidelberg. They desire to have a permanent pastor, and obligate themselves for forty-two pounds, or two hundred and eighty Dutch guilders, as salary." In the same year he states that the charge, composed

of the Heidelberg, Egypt, and Jordan congregations, In 1752 the vacancy is without a regular minister. John Jacob WissRev. the by supplied however, was, He was one ler, a native of Dillenberg, in Nassau. brought from the had Schlotter whom of six ministers

Fatherland.

Until recently

must have died soon

known

it

was supposed that he was

after his arrival, as nothing

of his subsequent history;

but our record

shows that he was pastor of the Egypt charge until 1754.

About

this

time he probably died, as in the

Coetal minutes of 1757 there gift to his

may

serve as

— Anna Margaret Heilmann, on the

22nd of

a specimen

"N.B.

Of

these the following

:

April, 1753, presented the congregation at the Jordan a beautiful white altar cloth.

May God

reward

this

praiseworthy Christian work with the most abundant blessings."

The

records of the

grow brighter and

Reformed congregation now though it does not appear

clearer,

who were the

pastors from 1755 to 1763. At this early period the " church book" is our only guide,

and where

this fails us

we

are

left entirely in

the

dark.

The

last

entry on our record for the year 1763 was

the baptism, on the 3d of April, of an infant daughter

of

Hans Schneider and

child

!

On

his wife, Margaret.

Poor

the 8th of October she was murdered by

the Indians in her mother's arms.

Father, mother,

and three children were all scalped, but one child covered, and lived to an advanced age.

re-

In 1764 we can affirm with reasonable certainty the

Lutheran congregation was first organized. Hitherto the Lutherans had been compelled to travel some distance to attend a church of their own denomination, but in this year the Reformed and Lutheran congregations agreed to build a church in concert. For this purpose Peter Steckel, of the Reformed, and Christian Saeger, of the Lutheran Church, presented to each congregation, respectively, half an acre of land, and the church was built on the line, so that it stood on land belonging partly to the Reformed and partly to the Lutheran Church. A sort of release is still extant, written in English, in which the land is granted " for the united use of the High and Low Churches." This, of course, means Lutheran and Reformed, but I know of no other instance where the two confessions have been so designated. In the same year (1764) a Union Church was erected, a rough log building, in which planks laid on blocks of wood were made to serve as pews, and, though the church has since been twice rebuilt, the two congregations have at all times occupied the same church, though on alternate Sundays. Such alliances between different denominations are not generally supposed to be auspicious, but it is mere justice to state that, so far as we know, there has never been the least disa-

—

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

496

greement between the Lutheran and Reformed con-

From

1764 to 1770 the pastor of the Eeformed con-

gregation was Kev. J. Daniel Gross (or Gros, as he

sometimes spelled his name). Though a man of great ability, Dr. Gross was not popular in his charge, and, as is usual in such cases, many things were said to his discredit. In 1770 he removed to Springfield, Bucks His Co., and in 1772 to the State of New York. reasons for leaving his Pennsylvania congregations, according to a letter written in 1773, were " want of love, stubborn conduct, neglect on the part of the

members

in attending divine worship, etc."

It is

evident that there was considerable bitterness on both sides.

We first

are unable to state positively the

name of the The early

pastor of the Lutheran congregation.

records are

lost,

confess that he

and the present writer may as well is

not sufficiently familiar with the

early history of the Lutheran

Church

to

supply the

deficiency from other sources. Possibly a certain Rev. Mr. Roth, who labored independently in the neighborhood, may have preached there until 1769, when Rev. Jacob Van Buskirk became the regular pastor. Van Buskirk was a man of ability, and especially excelled He had labored very acceptably in as a catechist. Germantown, Pa., but at the request of the ministerium removed farther up the country, where several new congregations had lately been organized. [Hallische Naohrichten, p. 1125.)

After laboring for several

Van Buskirk resigned the Egypt Church, though he continued pastor of several neighboring congregations. He was succeeded by a Rev. Mr. Yung, who remained but a short time, and is believed to have ended his days in Virginia. His successor. Rev. Daniel Lehman, was a man of considerable ability. He had been well educated in Germany, but on his arrival in America found himself unable to pay his passage, and, according to the barbarous custom of the time, was sold as a redemptioner. Rev. Mr. Kunze, of Philadelphia, paid his passage, and set him free, and subsequently gave him some instruction in theology. Having become tutor in the family of Rev. Mr. Van Buskirk, he preached occasionally for vacant congregations, and in 1778 was ordained pastor of the Egypt charge. He remained but a few years at this place, and spent the rest of his life in Berks County, where he died Oct. 2, 1810. Rev. Jacob Van Buskirk subsequently became pastor the second time, and served the congregation faithyears.

fully for

many

years.

He

was a native of Switzerland, and had in early life army of the king of Sardinia. While he was pastor at Egypt he also preached at Allentown, Jordan, and Union Churches. During the Revolution the bells of Christ Church, Philadelphia, were hidden under the floor of the church in Allentown, in order to save them from the British. Mr. Blumer was a man of high culture and unblemished reputation. He died in 1822, aged served as chaplain in the

gregations of Egypt.

After the brief pastorate of the

Rev. Mr. Plitt, Rev. J. Caspar Dill, in the year 1800, became Lutheran minister at Egypt. He was an excellent man, and in our early youth the old people still spoke of him with the highest reverence. His

Henry Geissenhainer, who, howremained but a short time. For thirty years, from 1771 to 1801, Rev. Abraham Blumer was pastor of the Reformed congregation.

eighty-five years.

During his pastorate, in 1785, the second church was built. It was in its day considered a fine edifice. Like most of our old churches it was built of stone, having galleries on three sides, while the fourth was reserved for the tall pulpit, which was variously supposed to resemble a lily, a tulip, or even a wine-glass. Directly in front of the pulpit stood a large square altar. The building was fifty feet in length by forty

and its general appearance, as we rememwas solemn and impressive. It is rather remarkable that for ninety-seven years, from 1771 to 1868, the Reformed congregation had but three pastors, -Rev. A. Blumer, from 1771 to 1801 Rev. John Gobrecht,' from 1801 to 1831 and Rev. J. S. Dubbs, D.D., from 1831 to 1868. Not one in breadth,

ber

it,

—

;

;

of these, however, held his office as long as Rev.

W.

Meendsen, who succeeded Rev. Mr. Geissenhainer as Lutheran pastor in 1810, and remained in charge until 1859, a period of forty-nine years. He died about 1872, in the ninety-third year of his age. During the pastorate of Dr. Dubbs and Father Meendsen, in the year 1851, the third church was built. It is a fine large brick edifice with tower and bell, and is, we think, a model country church. After the subscriptions for its erection had been collected, the additional expenses were proportionally assessed on the members of the congregation, and this assessment, I am told, was almost universally accepted without dispute, a fact which speaks well for the peaceable disposition of the people. Father Meendsen was succeeded as Lutheran pastor by the Rev. Thomas Steck, who, after laboring suc-

—

cessfully for ton, Del.

some

years, accepted a call to

The present Lutheran

pastor

Wilming-

is

the Rev.

Mr. Reninger. In 1868, the Rev. S. A. Leinbach became the suc-

Dubbs as pastor of the Reformed congregation. We cannot close our sketch of the history of the Egypt Church without some reference to its ancient cessor of the Rev. Dr.

congregational school. In those days the schoolhouse stood near the church, and was in part occupied by tile school, while the rest served as the residence of the schoolmaster and his family. In those days the school was in some respects decidedly old-

successor was Rev. ever,

1

Rev. John riobreoht, a son of Rev. John Christopher Gobrecht, of

Hanover, islied life,

Pa., died in 1831,

aged

He was a man of iinblemHis remains rest in the Egypt

flfty-seven.

and was greatly beloved.

churcliyard.

:

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP. The order of

fashioned.

its

religious services

had

probably remained unchanged for more than a century. From a literary point of view there has been a great improvement from a religious, we doubt whether it could be improved. A large school building with several apartments has since been erected, and the principal has competent assistants to aid him in his work. In imparting instruction the English language is now almost exclusively employed. In Egypt the teacher receives for his services in the ;

church, in addition to a small annual stipend, the use of a house and about ten acres of land. The present organist and teacher, Mr. Francis G. Bernd, has held these offices for more than twenty years, and

and

tains the respect

affection

still re-

of the whole com-

history of the church from 1873

here given

is

:

In 1874 the present church building was remodeled and rededicated Nov. 11, 1874. Eev. Leinbach continued as pastor of the Reformed congregation until Jan.

1884,

1,

when

his resignation,

which he had previously tendered, took

W.

Kev. E. Hofl!brd, the late president of the Allentown

Female

effect.

was elected pastor of the Egypt charge of the Reformed Church Dec. 1-5, 1883, and entered upon his duties Jan. 1, 1884. Rev. Renninger still continues as pastor of the Lutheran congregation. College,

—

Justices of the Peace. The justices who presided over this territory were elected in districts prior to 1840.

Their names will be found in the

civil list of

the general history, and since that time their names will hall.

be found in the

lists of North and South WhiteThose elected since 1868 are here given

Commissioned, Theodore J. Kline... .April 14, 1868 Edward Kohler " 13, 1869 " 13, 1869 Simeon H. Price

Henry Hartman

"

9,

1872

Commissioned.

i

I

|

1

Aug. K. Kelchner...March 24, 1874 " James B. Snyder 19,1877 A. D. KicLline James B, Snyder.

...

" "

27,1879 30,1882

Villages— Whitehall.— The village near the northwestern limit of the township, on the Lehigh River, is called Whitehall, which is also the name of the sta-

Lehigh Valley Railroad at this place. built upon the land patented by William Allen, and subsequently sold by him to the Showalters, who later sold the same to Conrad Leisention on the

The

was swept away by the flood in 1862, and the present one ejected shortly afterwards. A number of years ago the first hotel was taken down and the new one erected by Thomas McKee, which is now owned and occupied by William Miller. Since the building of the railroad the village has sprung up. It now contains two stores, two hotels, about three hundred inhabitants, and one schoolhouse with two schools. Steps have also been taken for the erection of a Reformed and Lutheran Church. The Indians had a settlement across the river from the place, from which they started out, crossed the river at what is still known as the "Indian Falls," and proceeded to Egypt, where they massacred the Mickley and Schneider families. Coplay. The name Coplay is a corruption from " Kolapechka," which was the name of an Indian, the son of the Indian chief Paxanosa. He lived at the head of the creek named after him, near the place now known as Unionville, in North Whitehall town-

—

munity.

The

497

village

is

ship.

The borough

of Coplay was formed out of White-

The following is the record " Feb. 10, 1869, petition of citizens of the village of Coplay presented praying for a charter hall township in 1869.

of the court

:

of incorporation

;

same day petition ordered

to

be laid

before the grand jury.'' " April

7,

1869, the grand jury returned the charter

of incorporation approved.

"Now,

April

7,

Charles Keck, foreman."

1869, the court confirms the judg-

ment of the grand jury, and decree that the

said

town

of Coplay be incorporated into a borough, in conformity

with the prayers of the petitioners, and that title thereof shall be 'The

the corporate style and

Borough of Coplay.' " It is situated

on the Lehigh River, six miles above

Allentown.

The

justices of the peace elected since the organi-

K. Kraut (three terms), and Gottlob Meyle. The principal industries at this place are the works zation of the township are George P. Bates, A. F.

of the Coplay Iron

Company

(limited).

The borough contains a population

of seven hun-

dred and seventy-four, a large public school building, with three graded schools.

The borough has two

churches, Reformed and Lu-

Prior to the building of the railroad the place was connected with the village across the river in

theran.

Northampton County called Siegfried's Bridge, and was also known by that name. In 1770, John Siegfried settled at this place and built a tavern, which was licensed from that time on. He served as colonel in the Revolutionary war, and died in 1793 and is buried near this place. The

enabled to build a church of its own. The cornerstone of the new church was laid in 1872, and dedi-

ring.

of the Reformed Church was organized March 29, 1871. Prior to this time services were held by Rev. W. R. Hoffbrd, of Allentown, in the public school building. Through the liberality of B. S. Levan the congregation was

Trinity

congregation

The church building

second house in this immediate vicinity was erected

cated June 15, 1873.

by Peter Leising in 1818. In 1844, Jacob Jones built a store-house, and kept in connection with the store a

structed of brick, of dimensions forty

temperance house. The first bridge across the river at this place was built in 1828. Prior to this time the river was crossed by Siegfried's Ferry. This bridge

lars,

32

with spire and

and

is

bell, at

by

is

con-

sixty feet,

a cost of twelve thousand dol-

free of debt.

At the time of the organiEgypt A. Leinbach was pastor, and

zation the congregation was united with the

charge, of which Rev. S.

:

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

498

continued to be until Dec. 31, 1883, when he tendered his resignation. Eev. W. E. Hofford, the late presi-

dent of the Allentown Female College, waa their chosen pastor, and entered' upon his duties Jan. 1, 1884,

and

The

still

its

Owen L. Schreiber and B. S. Levan, and A. F. R. Kraut, C. H. Knerr, Edward S. Haaf, and Nathan Stofflet, deacons. The elders first elected have served the congregation to the present organization were ;

day.

A Sunday-school

tion with the church,

was also organized in connec-

which

is

the following

is

the record

Sept. 16, 1864, petition of inhabitants of Whitehall township, of the village of

continues as pastor.

consistory of the congregation at the time of

elders

In 1865 the village was formed into an independent school district (out of Whitehall township), of which

in a flourishing con-

Hokendauqua,

pre-

praying for an independent district. The court appointed John D. Lawall, Solomon Greisemer, and O. L. Schreiber commissioners to inquire into the propriety of the formation of the district. Jan. 9, 1865, the commissioners reported "that it would be sented,

expedient to form, and the educational interests of the inhabitants of the district would be greatly pro-

moted by forming a separate and independent school

dition.

The Lutherans

at this place also held services in the

public school-house prior to the organization of the

April

district.

7,

1865, the court confirmed the within

report absolutely."

Lutherans) of the right

On the same day the court named the new district "The Hokendauqua School District." The district as then formed now contains one hun-

to worship in the proposed

new church, induced them for organization. Through

dred and forty-five dwelling-houses, three

immediate steps the earnest efforts of Eev. J. D. Schindel a meeting was held in the school-house May 22, 1873, and the congregation organized, a church council elected, and Rev. J. D. Schindel chosen as pastor. In the early part of 1882 the Lutheran congregation began the erection of their own church building. The pastor, with an energy and business tact rarely found in a minister of the gospel and supported by a willing congregation, began to solicit subscriptions, and within ten months there stood on the brow of the hill "The St. John's Lutheran Church of Coplay," at a cost of $4280.45, and free from debt. The new edifice was dedicated Nov. 12, 1882. Upon the resignation of Mr. Schindel, in 1883, the congregation was united with Trinity Lutheran Church of Catasauqua, and on June 17, 1883, Rev. George W. Sandt was elected to fill the vacancy, under whose pastoral care the congregation is now continuing its work. A Sunday-school was organized in connection with the church.

school-house (with three schools), and one church,

congregation.

Church

The proposed

in 1872,

and the

formed congregation

to the

to take

Hokendauqua.

erection of a

Reformed

offer (on the part of

—The village of Hokendauqua ad-

joins the borough of Coplay on the southeast.

dauqua

is

an Indian term, signifying

land," and the

the Re-

name

Hoken-

" searching for

originally given to the creek in

Northampton County flowing

into the

Lehigh River

and about seven hundred inhabitants. The First Presbyterian Church of Hokendauqua dates its origin back to the year 1854, about the time the iron-works at this place were started. Among those who resided here were seven of the Presbyterian Church of Catasauqua, and services were begun by the Eev. Cornelius Earle. Prior to 1869 the Old- and New-School Presbyterians held separate services, the one attending the services of Eev. C. Earle in the room over the Thomas Iron Company's office, and the other attending ministrations in private houses by Revs. Leslie, Irwin, James Lewers, and William Fulton. In that year the two schools were united, forming one good and

—

quite strong congregation. at the residence of

first

They held

the

new

summer

erected in the

office

application to the Court of

Common

County the church obtained a charter Nov.

The

original trustees

named in

supplied with water by the

Iron Company, and also a

The

fire

history of the village

Thomas

department.

is

more

especially con-

nected with the iron-works at this place, of which an account is presented elsewhere in this chapter.

8,

1855.

the charter are Samuel

Thomas, Walter W. Walters, Samuel Kinsey, David Thomas, Charles D. Fuller, and Jacob Mickley, Jr. In 1866 decisive action was taken with reference to erecting a suitable house of worship.

is

On

of 1858.

Pleas of Lehigh

were raised

village

in the

company's barn, in an oil-house, in private rooms, in the old office of the iron company, and afterward in

upon the land for which William and Margaret Lowther obtained a warrant in 1733, and was subsequently sold by Thomas Butz to the Thomas Iron Company, which now owns nearly the entire village. It is beautifully located on an eminence on the west bank of the river, and adorned by the elegant residences of John Thomas and Edwin Thomas on the brow of the hill.

The

their meetings

Samuel Thomas, then

at Coplay. It is built

one

stores,

dred dollars,

Company gave

three lots of ground one hundred and

feet square,

fifty

erected.

Subscriptions

amount of two thousand three hunand the directors of the Thomas Iron

to the

The

on which the church building

is

directors also donated three thousand

five

hundred

fice.

The

Aug.

11, 1867,

dollars in cash towards the

corner-stone of the

church

edi-

new building was

laid

and the new church was dedicated

Rev. Cornelius Earle, of Catasauqua, continued as pastor of the congregation until 1869, when Eev. James A. Little was chosen pastor, under Sept. 26, 1869.

whose care the congregation

is still

and Sunday-

flourishing,

now has about two hundred members.

A

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP. school was also organized in connection with the church. Within the last year an elegant parsonage was erected alongside of the church.

The

district contains a large brick school-house, in

which three schools are kept open during a term of ten months in the year. The school directors elected for this district since its organization are given else-

where.

(See

list

of school directors.)

Pleasant Hill, or West Catasauqua, is situated on an eminence opposite Catasauqua, on the west bank of the Lehigh River. It is built upon the tract of land originally owned by Adam Miller, and laid out in building-lots by Joshua Miller and some of the other descendants of the Miller family within the last fifteen years. It has a population of five hundred and ninety-five, contains a school-house with

two graded

schools, one store, two hotels,

and private dwellingThe Catasauqua Station, on the Lehigh

houses.

Valley Railroad,

The Village

is

located in this village.

of Fiillerton is located on the tracts and patented by Jacob Yund, Ste-

originally settled

phen Snyder, and Giles Winsor, on the Lehigh River. It has sprung up since the building of the iron-works and other industries at this place, within the last twenty years, the first of which was the rolling-mill, followed by the car-works of Frederick & Co., the carwheel works and forge of McKee & Fuller, who have also since

named

The village is member of the latter

acquired the car-works.

after

James W.

Fuller, a

firm.

The upper

portion of the village,

known

as Fern-

"Ferndale Rolling-Mill," owned and operated by the Catasauqua, Manufacturing Company, under the superintendency of Edward

dale, contains the

Edwards.

The

village

now has a populatioa

and fifty, one church (known

of five hundred

as the Ferndale Church),

one school-house, with four graded schools and one hundred and seventy-four pupils, three stores, one hotel, railroad station, and a post-office called Fern-

499

1871, according to the Presbyterian usage, under the

and title of the " Presbyterian Church of FernThere were at that time twelve members, to wit Edward Edwards, Mrs. Mary Jane Edwards, Joseph Davis, Mrs. Sarah Davis, William Harris, Mrs. Mary Harris, William Evans, Mrs. Jane Evans, Rachel Hopkins, Hannah Lloyd, William Vaughn, and David Jones, of whom Edward Edwards and Joseph Davis were elected elders. Mr. Earle was, on account of ill health, at his own request, released from the charge of the church in June, 1872, and Rev. James A. Little, of Hokendauqua, was appointed stated supply, who continues in charge to this date. William Harris was elected elder March 24, 1878, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph Harris. In 1773 the church building was enlarged to accommodate the increasing

style

dale." :

numbers. The church now has a membership of eighty and a Sabbath-school of two hundred pupils, still under the superintendency of Mr. Edwards, in a flourishing condition.

Egypt is a village on the Coplay Creek, one mile from the Lehigh River. Traces of its settlement are found as early as 1733. It is built upon the land originally owned by Jacob Kohler and Christian Steckel. The Kohlers built the first houses in this vicinity, and also the grist-mill. The store and hotel building was erected in 1790 by Jacob Steckel, who obtained a license and kept the hotel in connection with the store until 1821, when the hotel was abandoned. In 1847 a hotel license was again obtained, by

William Leisenring, now of Whitehall Station, who kept the hotel and store for some years, and was succeeded by David Fatzinger, Tilghman Kohler, and .John Koch, who successively carried on the hotel and

when Ephraim Long, the present owner, bought the same and took possession of it. store business until 1874,

A

president of the Catasauqua Manufacturing Company,

tannery was erected at this place at an early and the business carried on by William Wetherhold, William Burkhalter, Charles Troxell, Aaron Kechline, and A. D. Kechline, the present owner.

moved by the uncared-for spiritual and aided by the liberality

lished at this place in 1810.

dale.

The Ferndale Church.

date,

—Mr.

place,

David Thomas, the condition of this

of the company,

during the spring of 1871 had an old frame barn

re-

modeled and fitted up as a place of worship, in size twenty-four by twenty-four feet yet being made neat and comfortably furnished, people and children were soon attracted thereto. A Sunday-school was also instituted under the care of Edward Edwards. The building was formally dedicated to the worship of God on Sunday, June 11, 1871, by the Rev. C. Earle, pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Catasauqua, who from that time, assisted by Rev. David Griffith, held regular services every Sunday afternoon. Authority having been obtained from the Presbytery of Lehigh, a Christian church was, by Mr. Earle, assisted by his rulihg elder, Daniel Thomas, regularly organized Oct. 8, ;

The

first

English school in the township was estabIt was held in a one-and-

a-half-story stone building,

church.

Thomas

Among

still

standing near the

who taught here were Michael Kraemer, Henry Scholl,

the masters

Fitzgerp,ld,

William Osman, Russel Ward, John K. Clifton, John H. Oliver, Alfred B. Schwartz, Erastus Rhoads, Amos Steckel, and David -Stern.

The village now contains thirty-seven houses, with one hundred and seventy-five inhabitants. A postofiice is kept in the store, with a daily mail. The Union Church The following

at this place dates

back many years.

the history of the church as prepared by Professor J. H. Dubbs, of Franklin and is

Marshall College, Lancaster, Pa. In 1849 two new congregations were formed out of

:

HISTORY OP LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

500

new church

the Egypt Church, and a ley's, in

built at

Mick-

—

South Whitehall South Whitehall Church. Church, sometimes called Mickley's Church, now in Whitehall township, was organized as a Union Church, Lutheran and Reformed, on April 1, 1849. The two respective congregations, after organization, elected the following as their first church ofiBcers.

On the Lutheran side were elected, mon Kemmerer and Reuben Paul ;

as elders, Solo-

as deacons,

Na-

than Eberhard, David Gross, Jesse Reichard, and Thomas Paul; as trustee, George Kemmerer; and as presiding side

officer,

John

were elected, as

On the Reformed David Biery and Peter

Sheirer.

elders,

Roth as deacons, Reuben Schreiber, Jacob Seipel, Henry Schadt, and Peter Butz; as trustee, John ;

and as presiding ofiicer, Charles Troxell. Thomas Butz was elected treasurer for both congregations, and served until after the dedication of the new church, when David Eberhard succeeded him, and served until his death, Aug. 21, 1869. Since that date Nathan Eberhard has served up to the present both as treasurer and secretary. At this same meeting for organizing the congregations a building committee was also appointed, consisting of Jacob Mickley, Peter Miller, Peter Mickley, and David Eberhard, and steps taken towards erecting a church building. The corner-stone of the new building was laid May 27, 1849, and the dedication took place November 17th and 18th of the same year. The land on which the church building stands, as well as that used for the old burial-ground and the adjoining woodland, were donated by Daniel Roth, David Biery, and Joseph Biery. No regular pastors were called until 1850. On Jan. 1, 1850, the Reformed congregation called ftev. Joseph Dubbs, who served until 1852, when he was succeeded by his son, Rev. A. J. G. Dubbs, who served until 1860, when he was succeeded by the second son of the first pastor, now Rev. Professor .Joseph H. Dubbs, D.D., of Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pa., who remained with the congregation until 1863, when the present pastor, Rev. William R. Hoffbrd, took charge Schadt;

of the same.

On March

-29,

elected as their

Schindel, 9,

congregation

regular pastor Rev. Jeremiah

who preached

his introductory

sermon

May

He

served the congregation until 1859. 1859 to 1860, Rev. E. B. Kramlich was pastor.

1850.

From

1850, the Lutheran first

He was

W. G. Mennig as supply 1861. From 1861 to 1866 the

succeeded by Rev.

from Conference until congregation was served

Rev. F. J. P. Schantz. He was followed by Rev. Carl Schlenker as supply from Conference from October, 1866, to the spring of 1867.

On March

of the

first

l)y

17, 1867, Rev. J. D. Schindel, son pastor of the congregation, was elected

and has served the same to this date. The organists have been F. G. Bcrndt, Jacob Sleramer, John S. P. Faust, John Leonhard, Benjamin pastor,

J. Alfred Fatzinger, and James B. Snyder, Esq. In 1869 the building was beautifully repaired and frescoed, at a cost of about five thousand dollars. The

Seam, Joseph Gackenbach,

the present incumbent,

the central part of the township.

building committee consisted of Peter Miller, Butz, Jacob

Thomas

Mickley, George Kemmerer, Reuben

Schreiber, George

H. Stem, Charles Henninger, and

The ladies' furnishing committee Nathan Eberhard, Mrs. T. F. Butz, Mrs. D. L. Bogh, Mrs. Edwin Hausman, Mrs. Jonathan Semmel, Mrs. Peter Miller, Mrs. Reuben Schreiber, Mrs. F. Levan, Jlrs. Charles Henninger, and Mrs. George H. Stem, with T. Franklin Butz as treasurer. The rededication took place Nov. 28, 1869, just ten days more than twenty years since the first Edwin Hausman.

consisted of Mrs.

dedication.

From

1876,

when

the present basement was made,

to 1881 various repairs

day-school purposes

were made, an organ

purchased, and the

for

Sun-

property

much improved. In 1881 the splendid tower and now adorning the building were erected. The

steeple

steeple measures nne

hundred and thirty-nine

feet.

At the same time an organist-house was built by the side of the church. The building committee consisted of T. Franklin Butz, George H. Stem, Dennis Frey, Reuben Hausman, and Alfred T. Mickley. After the completion of the tower a magnificent bell of eighteen hundred pounds was placed therein, bear-

on one side, " The Thomas Butz Family Memorial," on the other, "Praise to God Donated to South Whitehall Church by Thomas F. Butz, Eliza A. Troxel, and EUenore L. S. Weaver, 1881." The dedication took place .Ian. 8, 1881. During the summer of 1882 a fine pipe-organ of eighteen stops, made by Labaugh & Kemp, of New York City, was presented to the church by Mr. George H. Stem and family, of Stemton. The same was ing these inscriptions

:

!

dedicated Sept. 24, 1882, and bears this inscription "To the Praise and Glory of God. Presented by

George H. Stem and Family to the Reformed and Lutheran Congregations of South Whitehall Church, 1882."

This church

is

showing a very healthy growth,

is

prosperous, peaceful, has a fine church property and cemetery, and is considered one of the best country churches in the county. Its Sunday-school is under

the superintendence of Tilghman G. Helflrich, Lutheran,

and Edwin Haaf, Reformed, with T. Franklin

Butz, president, and

James Eberhard, secretary. The present church councils are composed of the following on the Lutheran side, Elders, Charles Henninger and Edwin Hausman; Deacons, Sylvester :

William Erdell, Franklin Wisser, William Ebberwein; Trustee, Reuben Hausman; Presiding

Helffrich,

Officer,

Edwin Hausmau.

Elders, T. Franklin Butz,

On the Reformed side, as George H. Stern Deacons, ;

Richard Lazarus, Edward Haaf, Esrom Roth, Lewis Diefenderfer Trustee, Alfred T. Mickley and Presiding Officer, T. Franklin Butz. ;

;

WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP. In connection with the burial-ground belonging to is also a cemetery association. The land for this purpose was bought from T. F. Butz, and now contains two acres, all laid out in plots, and the church there

owned by members of the congregations and others. Industries in Whitehall Township— The Thomas Iron-Works at Hokendauqua,— One of the most stanch and solid iron establishments in Pennsylvania is that located in the model industrial town of Hokendauqua, and bearing the name of the pioneer anthracite ironmaster of America. The works indeed owe their existence in a very large measure to the enterprise of David Thomas, and his sons, Samuel and John Thomas, have been prominently and actively identified with

management. porated as the

their financial

and practical

The organization, afterwards Thomas Iron Company, had its

incor-

incep-

On February 14th, at a meeting held at Mrs. White's hotel, in Easton, the following persons were present who had become subscribers to the stock, viz. David Thomas and Samuel Thomas,

tion early in 1854.

;

of Catasauqua; E. A. Douglass, of Mauch Chunk; Charles A. Luckenbach, Michael Krause, and John P. Scholl, of Bethlehem Dr. Henry Detwiler, Peter ;

John Drake, Derrick Hulict, Russel S. Chidsey, John T. Knight, Daniel Whitsell, and Carman F. Randolph, of Easton Benjamin G. Clark, of New York Ephraim Marsh and William H. Talcott, of New Jersey, respectively the president and superintendent of the Morris Canal Company. David S. Michler,

;

;

Thomas gave

his views concerning the establishment of the projected works and the best place for their

and a committee was appointed to examine sites, with power to purchase. At the same meeting the capital of the company was fixed at two hundred thousand dollars, and the present name was adopted in honor of David Thomas. Subsequently a board of directors was appointed, which was constituted as follows, viz. E. A. Douglass, William H. Talcott, Ephraim Marsh, Peter S. Michler, John Drake, Russel S. Chidsey, and C. A. Luckenbach. A complete organization was efiected by the election of Peter S. Michler as president, the appointment of Carman F. Randolph as secretary and treasurer, and the choice of Samuel Thomas as superintendent. Very soon after the first steps were taken toward, and resulting in, the organization of the company. David Thomas, acting in behalf of his associates, purchased the site on which the works and the village of Hokendauqua have since been laid out. The first location,

:

purchase included two farms, aggregating about one hundred and eighty-five acres, the property of Thomas Butz, who was paid at the rate of about two hundred

Other purchases have been made from time to time until the Hokendauqua lands owned by the company amount to about two hundred and forty acres, while tracts have also been bought at various points along the river between AUentown and Coplay. About the time that the other officers were dollars per acre.

501

Thomas was elected trustee of real and invested with the sole legal authority to convey any portion of that owned or afterwards acquired by the company. On the 1st of March, 1854, Samuel Thomas, the superintendent, began the work of erecting the first two furnaces, with the necessary accompanying buildings, and at the same time the town was laid out, and the construction of houses for the employfe commenced. Furnaces No. 1 and No. 2 were skillfully planned, and most substantially built. Each was chosen, David estate,

high,

with

eighteen-foot boshes.

Two

sixty

feet

beam

blowing-engines, of about five hundred horse-

power each, with their proper connections and appliances, were manufactured for these furnaces by Robert P. Parrott, of the Cold Spring Foundry, at West Point, N. Y. The steam cylinders of these great engines were fifty-six inches in diameter, with nine-foot stroke, and the blowing cylinders were ninety inches in diameter, with the same stroke as the former. Furnace No. 1 was put in blast June 1, 1855, and furnace No. 2 on October 23d of the same year. They were operated successfully from the first, producing as good iron as any in the country. In 1861-62 furnaces Nos. 3 and 4 were built. These were each eighteen feet in diameter, and fifty-five They were subsequently increased to feet in height. For the operation of these sixty-five feet in height. furnaces two very large blowing-engines were erected, the steam and blowing cylinders of which were respectively of sixty-six and one hundred and eight inches diameter, with ten-foot stroke.

Company was organby some of the directors of the Thomas Iron Company and a number of other gentlemen. This company commenced the erection of two furnaces near the junction of the East Penn and the Catasauqua and Fogelsville Railroad, but before they were completed the organization was merged with the Thomas Iron Company. The furnaces, each of fifteen-foot bosh and fifty-five feet in height, were subsequently raised five feet, and became the Nos. 7 and 8 of the Thomas Company, the Nos. 5 and 6 being reserved for two furnaces which the management contemplated building at Hokendauqua, and which were erected in 1872-73. These were each of eighteen-foot bosh, and sixty feet in height. An additional blowing-engine of the same size and style as those connected with furnaces Nos. 3 and 4 was put In 1867 the Lock Ridge Iron

ized,

in to furnish the blast for these furnaces.

In April, 1882, the company bought from D. Run& Co. the Keystone Furnace, in Glendon borough,

kle

near Easton, and this furnace, of sixteen-foot bosh

and sixty-three

With

became their No. 9. company can produce

feet in height,

these nine furnaces the

about one hundred and twenty thousand tons of pigannum, allowance of ample time being made

iron per

for repairs,

of blast.

when

the furnaces must of course be out

HISTORY OF LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

502

The company's

capital

has been increased from

duties of

assistant

superintendent at the Thomas by a fall from the top of

two millions of dollars. Large ore-beds have been bought in Lehigh and Berks Counties, as well as extensive mines of magnetic

the hot-blast oven, from which his death ensued on

New Jersey. The company also leases ore-beds,

natural ability and large experience would doubtless

and purchases great quantities of ore from mines

have made him one of the leading ironmasters of the valley. In 1867, John Thomas was elected to the office of general superintendent, which he has since filled, with Edwin Mickley as assistant. Mr. Mickley entered the employ of the company in October, 1856, and took charge of the mines. He has since continued to superintend this department, and is recognized as one of the most thoroughly practical metallurgists in the State. He has made many improvements at the mines, facilitating the economical handling of the ores, and has been a generally useful and valuable man to the company. The employes of the Thomas Iron- Works at the furnaces number about three hundred and fifteen, while enough more are kept at work in limestonequarrying and ore-digging to swell the number to two

time to time until

ore in

it is

at present

The

operated by private enterprise.

company found

enterprise of the

exercise in joint operation with the

Crane Iron-Works in the construction of the Catasauqua and Fogelsville Railroad, and in 1882 the company became the sole owner of the Ironton Railroad, purchasing it from Robert L. Kennedy, of New York. The company owns sixteen locomotives, which are used in conveying ore, coal, limestone, and iron upon their railroads, and from one point to another about the furnaces. The works are very conveniently arranged for the handling of material, and have excellent communication with the markets by means of two railroads and the canal. The works are regarded by iron men as having few, if any, superiors, in regard to the thoroughly substantial plan of their construction, economical arrangement, and perfection of detail, for which credit is largely due to Mr. Samuel Thomas, at first superintendent and then president of the company, and his brother, John Thomas, who has occupied the former position for the past sixteen years. In the great work on metallurgy, published in London

by John Percy, M.D., F.R.S., the Thomas Iron-Works were the only ones in America which were represented, the account of them, accompanied by drawings in detail, being furnished by Professor George Brush, of Yale College. These works were selected because of their perfection as the model ones for illustration of iron manufacture in the United in 1864

States.

Since the organization of the

Thomas Iron Com-

pany a number of changes have taken place among its officials, which we here note. The first president, Peter S. Miehler, resigned in 1855, and was succeeded by C. A. Luckenbach, who remained in office until 1864, when he sold his interest and retired from the company. Samuel Thomas, who had been the first and only superintendent, was then elected president, and by re-election has held the oflice to the present, a period of twenty years. In May, 1856, John T. Knight succeeded Carman F. Randolph, the first treasurer and secretary, and has held that ofiice continuously since. For some time after Samuel Thomas' election as president he continued to

fill

his old office

of superintendent, having as assistants at diflerent periods his son David and Valentine W. Weaver.

David Thomas,

Jr.,

came

to

the works as assistant of 1860. He had been

superintendent in the summer educated to the iron industry under his father, and had previously been connected with these works, but for three years immediately anterior to the date mentioned he had been in charge of a furnace, principally

owned by the

family, at Canal Dover, Ohio.

tember, 1861, a

little

In Sepover a year after assuming the

Works, he received the 10th of

injuries

November

following.

Had he

lived, his

At Hokendauqua and elsewhere the men employ of the company enjoy many advantages not usually found amid the surroundings of a great manufacturing establishment. The town, of which we have made mention, has been developed entirely thousand. in the

through the operation of this industry. Its populaa thousand people, is dependent upon the Thomas Works. At first the company undertook to sell the lots in the town they platted here, but perceiving that if they did so saloons would be established and various evils ensue, they changed their policy and began building extensively for their employes. The town as a result contains no place where liquor is sold, and the liberality and fartion, consisting of nearly

management has provided the employes and their families with far better and pleasanter homes than most of them would have es-

seeing policy of the

The long lines of neat and houses have ample door-yards, neatly fenced, and they line broad, well-graded, tree-shaded

tablished for themselves. substantial

streets.

The company has introduced both hard and

soft water,

latter

— the

from the

along every

former from a fine spring and the which is conducted by pipes

river,

—

and constantly fiows from syphons on each square, while those who desire can by a very street,

slight expense extend the pipes into their houses, as

has been done in

many

instances.

When

the town was laid out lots were donated for a church and school-house, which are at present oc-

cupied by fine buildings. Towards the establishment of the church the company gave five thousand dollars,

and the

first

funds.

The company has

school-house was built entirely with

iron-ore mines in

New

also built a

church at

its its

Jersey, and contributed to one

Lock Ridge.

At Hokendauqua the second story of is set apart by the company as a young men's library and reading-room,— a model inat

a large building

stitution of the kind, well supplied

with the best of

^'y 'hjAJI.BiXDya-e-



BOROUGH OF MAUCH CHUNK. crowded by the mountain in their rear. Away looms the peak of Mount Pisgah, nine hundred feet above the Lehigh, the smoke from the

closely

at the right

stacks of the stationary engines used to hoist cars

upon the plane remotely suggesting the presence of a volcano.

Upon a level piece of table-land, more than two hundred feet above the water, which is seen to be a mighty buttress of Mount Pisgah, gleam the white houses of what the traveler learns is Upper Mauch Chunk. So far the town has appeared to consist of a single street along the river, but we see a deep and narrow valley, or rather ravine, opening to the Lehigh, between South Mountain and Mount Pisgah. Down through tjiis gorge rushes a small mountain stream, and upward through it, in a zigzag and erratic way, rising constantly but by easy degrees, leads the main^street The houses are built without]doorof Mauch Chunk. yards upon the street, and impinge upon the base of the mountains on either side. The dashing of the little stream can be heard at intervals as one passes

up

657

one of beauty and bewildering strangenes.s from which it is difficult to turn away. But it is not in these steeply-rising mountains shadowing the compact town, or in the far-reaching views which they command, that all of the beauty of the immediate region lies. Their wooded sides, varied with steep bowlder-strewn slopes or out-jutting rocks, an endless series of picturesque views, ever

afford

changing with the season or the ramble of the observer, but ever lovely, whether in the vernal green of summer, when the laurels add the lustre of their many-tinted blossoms; in the autumn, when the mountains glow and blaze with color, or even in the depth of winter, clad in snow, to which the only contrast is afforded by the gray and leafless trees ahd the sombre hue of the hemlocks. Another attraction, which seems only recently to have reached popular appreciation, is the now famous Glen Onoko, formerly known as Moore's Ravine, two miles above Mauch Chunk.

this strange, angling street, but

waters can nowhere be seen, for it has been covered with arches that the small space it ocits

may be utilized, and so it leaps along its hidden way, now under the houses, then under the street, until, concealed to the very last, it plunges into the Lehigh. Almost every foot of Except available building ground is occupied. for a few rods near the mouth of the ravine, where a narrow street with a single row of houses runs parallel with the main street, on a higher level, there is no room for a second thoroughfare or scarcely for an alley. It must be cupies

that, although nature challenged man's admiration here, she did not invite him But nature is seldom so to become a resident. forbidding as she appears, and usually bestows more than she promises. She promised here

remembered

only the beauties and the majesty of the mountains, and the wealth in her treasure- vaults as the means of making countless comfortable houses elsewhere, but through the force of fate man made here a pleasant home too, and the mountains stand stately if to

guard the

and

frailer

sentinel-like about

it,

or the Flagstaff on South Mountain grand views can be obtained of a vast scope of mountain and valley and river, forest and farm and peaceful villages nestled among the hills.

From Mount Pisgah

The eye reaches the Lehigh and the Delaware Water Gaps, Wind Gap between, the Blue Mountains, and the nameless, billowy ranges between, with the Schooley Mountains, sixty miles away in New Jersey, while Mauch Chunk and its sister village across the all

as if laid out upon a map. the Flagstaff is doubtless revealed the most perfect bird's-eye view afforded in- the eastern States,

Lehigh appear below

From

42

CHAMELEON

as

FALLS.

human handiwork. Broad Mountain is here torn asunder in a deep extending from crest to base. Down through the wild and rocky chasm, lighting its gloom, leaps and plunges in countless cascades and cataracts a crystal stream, now pellucid in some mirror-like pool and now shattered in white spray over a huge preciTo the many waterfalls and other especial obpice. jects of interest fanciful names have been given, as " Entrance Cascade and Pool," " Hidden Sweet Cascade," "Crystal Cascade," " Moss Cascade," "Lover's Bath,'' "Pulpit Rocks," "Spectre Cascade," "Dual cleft

Vista,"

"Heart of

the Glen,"

"Chameleon

Falls,"

,

HISTOKY OP CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

658

" Elfin Cascade," "Falls of Onoko," "Sunrise Point," " Terrace Cascade," " Cave Falls," and " Home of the

by Ginter, made

Mist."

covery.

The height

of

"Cave Falls"

is

about forty -five

feet,

following day,

the

when

his

companion and himself, led

way

to the scene of the dis" In the course of our pilgrimage we reached

their

summit of Mauch Chunk Mountain (Sharp Moun-

that of " Chameleon Falls" a little greater, and at " Onoko Falls" the water plunges downward in a

tain), the present site of the

most picturesque sheet seventy-five feet. The length is about a mile and a quarter, every step of which has its own peculiar beauty and grandeur. The heart of the glen is a chaos of rock, which reveals rugged and weird forms most impressive to behold. The glen is prolific in giant hemlocks and other trees, and in summer the flora is most varied and luxuriant, far exceeding that of other localities, and offering a grateful and refreshing contrast to the comparatively sterile sides of Broad Mountain. The laurel here attains a larger growth than anywhere else in the vicinity, and in June fills the cool air with the fragrance and lights the glen with the radiance of its blossoms. The management of the Lehigh Valley Railroad has added to the beauty of Onoko and made the wild retreat accessible to the lover of nature by throwing tasteful rustic bridges across the chasm at various points and cutting pathways upward through the ravine. A little distance from the upper end of the glen, on the verge of the mountain, is Packer's Point (so named in honor of Asa Packer), from which a view of the surrounding country can be had which rivals those commanded by Mount Pisgah and the Flagstaff on Mauch Chunk Mountain.

be seen three or four small pits, which had much the appearance of the commencement of rude wells, into one of which our guide descended with great ease, and threw up some pieces of coal for our examination. After which, while we lingered on the spot, contemplating the wildness of the scene, honest

of the glen

Discovery of Coal—Early Operations of the Navigation Company.— The

Lehigh Coal and

human

At

of anthracite coal.

mine, or rather quarry,

that time there were only to

Philip amused us with the following narrative of the original discovery of this most valuable of minerals.

"

.

.

He

.

when he

said

first

took up his residence in

that district of country he built for himself a rough

cabin in the forest, and supported his family by the proceeds of his rifle, being literally a hunter of the

The game he shot, including bear and he carried to the nearest store, and exchanged

backwoods. deer,

But at the particutime to which he then alluded he was without a supply of food for his family, and, after being out all day with his gun in quest of it, he was returning tofor the other necessaries of life.

lar

wards evening over the tain, entirely

A

nothing.

Mauch Chunk

(Pisgah)

Moun-

unsuccessful and dispirited, having shot drizzling rain beginning to fall, and the

dusky night approaching, he bent his course homeward, considering himself one of the most forsaken of mortals. As he trod slowly over the ground his foot stumbled against something, which, by the stroke, was driven before him. Observing it to be

history of Mauch Chunk properly begins with the operations of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company in 1818, but to convey an adequate un-

black,

derstanding of that commencement of a vast industry necessary to give some account of a number of preceding events, particularly the discovery of an-

often listened to the traditions of the country as to the existence of coal in the vicinity, it occurred to

it is

immediate vicinity. On a map published by William Scull in 1770, and dedicated to the Honorable Thomas and Richard Penn, the proprietaries of Pennsylvania, the word "coal" appears at a point near the site of Pottsville, and also on the Mahanoy Creek. But the actual knowledge of anthracite coal which led to its being mined and put in the market had as its forerunner the discovery of the mineral on Sharp Mountain, near the site of thracite coal in this

Summit

Hill, nine miles northwest of

Mauch Chunk, who had

in the year 1791, by Philip Ginter, a hunter,

An interesting narrative of this discovery, and of a visit to the place in 1804, occurs in a memoir by Dr. T. C. James, pubbuilt himself a cabin in that region.

lished by the Pennsylvania Historical Society,' from

which we

shall

make

extracts.

After describing his

starting from Philadelphia, the difliculties of the journey, and his meeting with Ginter, who was then run-

ning a mill. Dr. James narrates the incidents of the 1

Kepublished in Hazard'B

Register,

May

9

{et aequiter),

1829.

to distinguish which there was just light enough remaining, he took it up, and, as he had

him that

might perhaps be a portion of that which he had heard. He accordingly

this

stone coal of

it with him to his cabin, and the next day carried it to Col. Jacob Weiss, residing at what was then known by the name of Fort Allen.^ The

carefully took

who was

colonel,

alive to the subject, brought the

specimen with him

to Philadelphia,

to the inspection of

Hillegas,

Esqs.,

who

printer,

and submitted

it

John Nicholson and Michael

and Charles

ascertained

its

Cist,

an

intelligent

nature and qualities, and

authorized the colonel to satisfy Ginter for his discovery upon his pointing out the precise spot where

he found the

coal.

This was done by acceding to

Ginter's proposal of getting through the forms of the Patent Office the title for a small tract of land, which

he supposed had never been taken up, comprising a mill-site, on which he afterwards built a mill, and which he was unhappily deprived of by the claim of a prior survey.

"Hillegas, Cist, Weiss, and some others immedi8

Now

WeiBsport, three miles below

Mauch Chunk.

;

:

BOKOUGH OF MAUCH CHUNK. ately after (about the beginning of 1792) formed themselves into what was called the Lehigh Coal-Mine

Company, but without a charter of incorporation, and took up eight to ten thousand acres of land till then unlocated, and including the Mauch Chunk Mountain (Pisgah), but probably never worked the mine. " It remained in this neglected state, being only used by blacksmiths and people in the immediate

somewhere about 1806, when William Turnbull, Esq., had an ark constructed at Lausanne, which brought" down (to Philadelphia) two or three vicinity, until

hundred bushels.- This was sold

to the

manager of

the water-works for the use of the Centre Square steam-engine. It was there tried as an experiment)

but ultimately rejected as unmanageable, and its character for the time being blasted, the further attempts at introducing

it

to public notice in this

way seemed suspended."

hand was spread on the

walks, in place

of gravel."

The company, anxious to have their property brought into notice, gave leases of their mines to different

individuals in succession,

his researches in this direction later au-

owe much that in their day could not have been obtained from any other source. From Mr. Chapman's journal we find that on the

thors

Juljr,. 1814, he left Wilkesbarre for " Lausanne Landing, on the Lehigh," and rode to "Mr. Conyngham's, in Sugarloaf," where he remained until the next morning. On the 11th he reached Lausanne, where he found Mr. Cist and Mr. C. Miner took dinner with them, and then went with them to

10th day of

the "Coal Bed," returning at night to Mr. Klotz's.

Mr. Klotz kept the hotel at the Landing. On the 12th he rode with Mr. Cist down the river as far as " Head'sCreek, below Weiss's" (now Parryville), returned, and " made an agreement concerning coal."

The journal is silent as to. the terms of the agreement, and also as to operations during the summer of 1814 but from other sources we learn that Miner, ;

Erskine Hazard, in a communication to the Pennsylvania Historical Society, agrees practically with the statements of Dr. James, and adds that the company made a very rough road from the river to the mine, upon which, we are told by another authority, they expended the sum of ten pounds Pennsylvania Hazard says fiirther of the use of the currency. coal under the water-works engine, that " it only served to put the fire out, and the remainder of the quantity on

To

ming."

659

for

periods of

twenty-four, fourteen, and ten years, adding to the last the privilege of taking timber from their lands

purpose of floating the coal to the market. During the war of 1812 Virginia (bituminous) coal became very scarce and dear, and Messrs. J. Cist (son for the

of the printer he"retofore mentioned), Charles Miner, and John Robinson, being the holders of the land

and Robinson had leased from Hillegas, Cist and Weiss,, who were the owners of the land, and as the name " Robinson" does not appear in connection with, the coal operations, the probability is that Mr. ChapCist,

man

took his place. As. to the operations during that

summer, we learn also from- other sources that on the 9th day of August, 1814, an ark-load of coal was started

down the

river for Philadelphia, which, after

various mishaps, reached the city six days after. Mr. Erskine Hazard, in a communication to the Historical Society, says that during the Miner, Cist and

Robinson lease only three arks reached the city, and that they " abandoned the business at the close of the war, 1815." From Mr. Chapman's journal we learn that on the 27th of May, 1816, he succeeded in getting two " flats" loaded with coal as far as New Hope, and that as late as March 28, 1817, Mr. Chapman was at Lausanne, and had boats loaded, but was " unable to get a Pilot."

On !'

the 8th of October, 1814, Mr.

Chapman went

Chenango Point" (Binghamton), probably

to

for the

attempted to put coal upon the market, but they succeeded in only a limited degree, as on the return of peace the price of the article was reduced so low that they could not compete with it. The following history of the operations of this company in the vicinity of Mauch Chunk is compiled

purpose. of enlisting friends living there in the enterHe met there a Mr. Shipinan, a Mr. Whitney, prise.

from a journal which was kept by Isaac A. Chapman (copied for that purpose from the original by his son,

relative to the coal," left for Springville,

leased,

Charles

I.

Isaac A.

A. Chapman, now of Pittston, Pa.). Chapman was a surveyor and civil engir

and came from Connecticut early in life to Penn. He was a man of sylvania, then the " Far West." neer,

excellent education,

much mechanical

genius, a close

and of great energy, devoting every hour of many of the night to physical and mental day and the Of the latter was the compilation of the first labor. alhistory of Wyoming that was written, and which, observer,

though incomplete, was published after his decease, under the title "A Sketch of the History of Wyo-

a Mr. Waterman, a Mr. /Evans, a Mr. Collier, a Mr. Shaw,, and others, and spent a day or two, and on Tuesday, Oct.. 10, 1814, having "made his concluding

arrangements with Mr. Waterman and Mr. Whitney

Susquehanna and at Hop Bottom and Montrose, he had At the latter place the militia relatives and friends. were inspected, and on the 17th. he met the oflScers of the regiment at "Capt. Spencer's, and commenced the (Mr. Chapman was an ofl5cer business of discipline." of the regiment of "Drafted Militia" then being trained for duty in the war of 1812.J Co., wjiere,

journal continues as follows " Thursday, Oct. 20^ 1814.— Mr. Waterman and Mr. Shaw, from Chenango Point, called to go with me to *ipis

LausannCi wanna."

— went

as far as Mr.. Scovell's, at Lacka-

:

:

HISTORY OP CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

660 "

:

i^'iifiirdiii/,

22d— Rode

with Mr.

Cist

—

" Wednesday, March 8. Spent the day getting a white-oak log to the mill, and in finishing a log-way for boats. (This mill' was a short distance above the

(who had

joined them at Williesbarre) to Drumheller's,

—

spent

the night there. " Sunday,

'

23c?.

— Rode

Rode to the coal-mine and The journal continues: " Moiidtii/, iith.

Lausanne

to

— Went

to

mouth of Nesquehoning Creek.)

breakfast.

" Thursday, 9th.

returned."

with

the

as far as Conyngham. " Thursday, Nov. 3. " Friday, Nov. 4.

plank,

—

to-morrow."

after

started for the front, but

it

seems they

did not get far before they were ordered back, as the

journal continues

—Got our discharges and set out for " November — Came to Lausanne. "November 25th. — Examined Mr. Covell's new bottomed boats for floating coal down the " November 26th. — Examined some timber on the " November 22d.

Berwick, on our return home. 24:th.

Trumbull bad an ark condown two or three hundred bushels. In a communication to the Historical Society, Mr. Erskine Hazard says that they, the "Lehigh Coal-Mine Company,'' "opened the mine where it is at present worked," which would be at Summit Hill, and " made a very rough road from the mine to the river," at Mauch Chunk. After detailing the work of himself and others at cutting timber, sawing plank, shoeing oxen, etc., the

flat-

structed at Lausanne, which brought

journal continues

mountain and marked it." Mr. Chapman then returned to Wilkesbarre, and during the winter visited Chenango Point, and found that "Mr. Whitney had given up the coal business." Early in February, 1815, in company with a Mr. Weston, of Susquehanna County, who at Mr. Chapman's request had agreed to take part in the project, or at least in superintending the cutting of timber

and making plank and boards man returned to Lausanne.

for arks,

Mr. Chap-

—

" Thursday, 9th. Cut some timber for boat plank. This day thirty-five loads of coal were taken from the

bed, and during the last eight days twenty-two teams from the country below have been up for coal. " Wednesday, 15th. Assisted Mr. Peck in his prep-

—

which

Ely and Miner, to them at Weiss's. " Friday, I'Uh.

is

lodged on the

rocks opposite an intended village of Coalville.' " Thursday, \&th. Spent the day assisting Mr. Peck. This morning the Freeman's Journal brought

and certain news of peace. Messrs. Cist and Miner set out Wilkesbarre. Spent the day making runners for first

—

sled.

—

" Tuesday, 2Ut. Mr. Weston arrived with two loads of goods, with Capt. Case in company. Took possession of the White House.' '

Gap

for hay.

"Friday,

Weston.

23d— Mr. Weston

went to the Water worked on the log sled. 24i

in a prosperous condition,

attended by two hundred and

and has

The Sundayfifty

children^

This charge was formerly annexed to Carbon Circuit, and is now called Mauch Chunk Mission of the East

Penn Conference of the Evangelical Association. The pastor preaches, in German in the morning, and: the evening

services, are in English.

John's Evangelical Lutheran Church.'— Iji 1857, Rev. E. A. Bauer, serving several. congregations in Carbon County, assumed the pastoral care of the Lutherans of Mauch Chunk, and organized St. Johtt's Lutheran congregation. In the following year the congregation was incorporated, and purchased- the St.

stone church previously used by the First Presbyte.

rian Congregation.

1

By

The following persons

the pastor, Rev. L. Ltndenstruth.

consti-

;

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

694

tuted the church council at the time of organization

:

Jacob Loew, Carl Schnebel, Fr. Ballas, elders; G. Sibbach, C. Kurtz, John Spohn, deacons. The number of communicants at the first communion service, held May 3, 1857, was thirty-two a year later the number of communicants had increased to sixty;

During the

seven.

fifteen years of the pastoral labors

E. A. Bauer, the congregation

of Rev.

enjoyed a

gation was not inclined to assume the additional expense of finishing the upper rooms, but the desire to

have these also completed induced a number of memand friends of the congregation to act liberally and have the work completed at their own expense. bers

One member paid for all the furniture of the chancel, baptismal font, lectern, pulpit, altar, chairs, railing, A number of members paid for the painting of etc.

The

the gift of one

Various improvements were made to A Sunday-school was also orthe church property. ganized, the teachers being elected annually by the

the wall in fresco,

In the spring of 1872, Rev. Bauer, having accepted a call to Hazleton, Pa., re-sigued The congregation at his charge in Carbon County.

and Joachim Waruke, Henry Fellgut, John Miller, John Faga, Mrs. Schultz, and others. The church is a frame structure, seventy by forty-two feet. The in-

Mauch

Chunic, feeling itself strong enough to support

terior is beautifully frescoed, including a fine picture

was

of the risen Lord, over the altar, in the rear of the chancel it has stained-glass windows, and presents a

steady growth.

congregation.

own

its

pastor, elected Rev. G. A. Struntz.

It

under Rev. Struntz that the congregation reached its In 1876 the pastor regreatest numerical strength. ported six hundred and twenty confirmed members, sixty-three infant baptisms, and twenty-three received by confirmation. Four hundred and forty persons

communed during

the year.

in the Sunday-school

the

number of

The number

of scholars

was one hundred and ninety

teachers, fifteen.

In 1873 the congregation built a parsonage in Upper

Mauch Chunk, where several purchased. The question of

had previously been erecting a more suitable and convenient church in Upper Mauch Chunk, where the majority of the members resided, was considered in the same year, and it was resolved to sell the property in Lower Mauch Chunk as soon as a favorable opportunity presented

itself.

lots

From May

to

August,

1875, during the absence of the pastor, Rev. F. T.

Hennilje supplied the congregation. In the spring of 1876, Rev. G. A. Struntz resigned his pastorate,

and Rev. W. Wackernagel was elected his successor. Though its membership was considerably diminished by the removal of members, and from other causes, the congregation, with the beginning of the

pastoral labors of Rev. Wackernagel, entered

new

career of prosperous activity.

The

upon a

question of

securing a more suitable place of worship was finally decided. It was resolved to build a

now new

church in Upper Mauch Chunk, and to finish the basement as soon as possible, so that divine service could be conducted there.

The

following were appointed a building commit-

Waruke, H. Haak, F. Muller, C. Waruke, H. Warukc, Fr. Grimm, A. Brumm, C. Frundt, E. Leist, tee

I.

:

J.

Cordes.

More attention was also paid to the Sunday-school, which numbered about two hundred and fifty scholars and fifty teachers. A young people's association was organized, called " Martin Luther Society." The completion of the new edifice in Upper Mauch Chunk was vigorously pushed forward. The lower rooms were consecrated in the gregation at its

sessions.

its

fall

of 1877, and used by the con-

services

and by

tlie

Sunday-school at

In view of the " hard times," the congre-

Among

man.

etc.

bell

is

those to whose liberal aid the rapid

completion of the church was largely owing are Henry

;

very pleasing appearance. It was dedicated March The closing services in the old church. 16, 1879.

Lower Mauch Chunk, were held Dec. property was

finally

29, 1879.

The

disposed of in March, 1882.

In April, 1881, Rev. Wackernagel removed to Allentown, having been elected German professor at Muhlenberg College, and Rev. L. Lindenstruth, the present pastor, was called. vices were exclusively in

deemed

Up

to this

time the

ser-

German. The congregation have also English services.

it advisable to English services are now regularly held every other Sunday evening. On Sunday, Dec. 16, 1883, an

English Sunday-school was organized, which has

its

sessions in the morning, the afternoon school being

German. The present number of memhundred and eighty. The Sundayschool numbers two hundred and fifty scholars and exclusively bers

is

three

forty-five teachers.

good.

The annual

The

financial state of affairs

is

contributions toward the various

benevolent objects of the church have steadily increased, and the prospects of the congregation are encouraging. St. John's Church (East Mauch Chuiik).— In 1878 a number of members of St. John's Church,

Mauch Chunk, concluded

to unite with the Reformed and build a Union Church in East Mauch Chunk. The Lutheran congregation, organized Sept. 15, 1878, decided to form one pastoral charge with the congre-'

gation in nagel.

Mauch Chunk

The

served by Rev. Mr. Wacker-

constitution published

by the Lutheran Synod of Pennsylvania was adopted. The cornerstone of the new church was laid Sept. 15, 1878. The church was dedicated May 18, 1879. It is free from debt. Rev. L. Lindenstruth is the Lutheran pastor. Its present membership is fifty. The Sunday-school numbers about fifty scholars and fifteen teachers. Lutheran services are held every two weeks, alternately in German and English.

Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary.—The present parish comprises the above church and St. Patrick's Church at Nesquehoning.

The

first

parish church (St. Patrick's) was

BOROUGH OF MAUCH CHUNK.

695

The churches

erected at Neaquehoning about forty-five years ago by

ment

Father Moloney. He resided at Easton first, afterwards at Tamaqua, and ministered to the Catholics of all the district, from Wilkesbarre, Luzerne Co., to Haycock, Bucks Co. He also built churches at Tamaqua and Beaver Meadows, and faithfully tended to the spiritual wants of the Catholics of that immense terri-

Lehighton, at Bowman's (or Fire Line), Slatington, and Berlinsville (Northampton County) are attended

tory for twelve years.

In this parish he was succeeded district at first included

by Father Hannegan, whose

Summit

He

Hill also.

resided at Nesquehoning,

was pastor from May, 1849, built the old or

first

until January, 1852.

It

He

part of the present church at

Mauch Chunk. Father Coffey took siding at Mauch Chunk, and labored tober, 1854.

and

his

place, re-

here until Oc-

was during his time that that fearful

scourge, the Asiatic cholera, desolated this region.

The good Father

Coffey was assisted in giving the

last consolations of

religion to the victims

of this

by the saintly Bishop Neuman, of Philadelphia. They slept in the church, and there awaited the calls of the sick and dying, which they promptly tended, conscious that perhaps their own hours were numbered. The good bishop would send no priest, but, like a hero, exposed himself to all the fearful

disease

From

dangers of the plague.

1861.

Then Eev. Michael Blacker was appointed

pastor,

which position he held

until

May,

1868.

He

labored hard here during that time, and enlarged and

improved the church at Mauch Chunk. Rev. Hugh Garvey, who succeeded him, was stationed here for a year. He was succeeded by Rev. Peter C. McEnroe. He wrought zealously, built the pastoral residence, and made many other improvements, from April, 1869, to July, 1875. Rev. Michael A. Bunce, the present pastor, has had charge since 1875. He has made many improvements, purchased property for a Catholic school, and is collecting for a new church for Nesquehoning. St. Joseph's German Catholic Church (East Mauch Chunk). This church was founded in 1871. The first pastor was Rev. G. Frende, who resided at Lehighton, and in 1872 he was succeeded by Rev. W. Heinan, who, in 1874, moved to East Mauch Chunk. In 1879 he had an assistant. Rev. A. Mersch, succeeded, in 1880, by Rev. A. Fretz. He gave place, in 1881, to Rev. A. Misteli, and was followed, in 1882,

—

by the present

assistant,

Eev. G. Welf. The Catholic St. Joseph's Church was

school in connection with

founded in 1874, and is kept by the Sisters of Chriswho were exiled by the Prussian govern-

tian Charity,

by Rev. Heinan and his the Sisters

who

is

at

and the German

assistant,

Catholic school at Lehighton

under the charge of

carry on the East

Mauch Chunk

school.

Temperance. in

— The earliest

temperance movement that which at a

Mauch Chunk was undoubtedly

meeting upon Sept. 16, 1829, resulted in the organization of a society, with Joseph Butler as president, Cephas Batchelor as vice-president, John Mears as Among secretary, and Jesse K. Pryor as treasurer. the prominent members of the society were Ezekiel Harlan, Jonathan Fincher, William Baker, Jr., James McCarty, Asa L. Foster, Jacob H. Salkeld, Thomas Patterson, and William Rudolph. They were appointed as a committee to procure signatures, and secured quite a number, but the society was not long

maintained.

The Mauch Chunk Temple of Honor, No.

34, was no record of it^ probably was soon dis-

chartered July 14, 1846, but there

subsequent operations, and

it

is

banded. Divisions of the Sons of Temperance were organized

October, 1854, until

Loughran was pastor. He died at Mauch Chunk at that date, and was buried at St. Michael's, Philadelphia, of which church his brother. Rev. William Loughran, was pastor. Rev. Charles McEnroe, whose kind and gentle manners are still fresh in the memory of many, labored here from that date until the time of his death, in May, 1859. Fathers O'Shaughnessy and McCollum each held the charge for a short time, until November, July, 1856, the Rev. J. B.

at that period of persecution.

in

Mauch Chunk and elsewhere throughout

the county

prior to 1850.

About 1869 a Good Templar lodge was organized here and flourished for a few years, but became inactive after a period of usefulness,

and now

retains

but little life. Perhaps tlie most notable temperance society in Mauch Chunk has been that of the Cadets, organized in 1868, and constantly working during the past sixteen years. They have always maintained a large and useful library. There are but few young men in the town who have been reared here who have not been members of this organization, and the good that has been done can easily be conjectured. In 1877 the Cadets presented the town with a handsome drinklngfountain, in which during the summer months a constant stream of pure cold water flows free for all. To Mr. Henry Webster is probably due, more than to

any other one person, the credit for this and other good works of the Cadets. A county temperance conference was called to meet It was largely at Mauch Chunk in October, 1883. attended by representatives from various parts of the county. It was under the auspices of Rev. D. C. Babcock, secretary of the Pennsylvania State Temperance Alliance. It continued part of three days. From this was organized a county association with a full set of officers, who will no doubt carry out the purpose of the organization by holding meetings throughout the county during the coming year. Carbon County has contributed one of the most eloquent temperance advocates that the State has ever had, Daniel Kalbfus, Esq., a member of the Carbon County bar. He was prominently identified

—

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

696 with' the

Honor

work

lodge.

of. organizing the second Temple of After the'disbandment of the Temjile

Secretary, James W. I. T. Dodson Engineer^, Treasurer, Isaac Salkeld, Jr.

Vice-President,

Chapman

;

;

;

soon after being afflicted by softening of the brain, to the State Insane Asylum, where he

Rodolphus Kent, James Bingham', Cornelius Conner, H. B. Heilman, Thomas Quinton. This company probably did not long remain in exist-

died soon after.

ence.

teinperance work lagged for a time, and Mr. Kalbfus

was removed

The Cemetery

in

Upper Mauch Chunk was

out by the Lehigh Coal and Navigation 1823, as

is

shown by

their books.

The

Another one, however, was organized, which owned little engine now in Upper Mauch Chunk, which

laid

Company

in

Prior to that time,

however, the remains of a number of persons had been buried there. The mother of Josiah White, Rebecca (Haines) White, is said to have been the first person interred in this ground.

B. R. McConnell,

wife of the late Philip

the

was used

at the time of the great fire of 1849.

Marion Hose Company, No.

1.

—The

first

carriage

of the Marion Hose Company, No. 1, of Maucli Chunk, was presented to John Fatzinger and Jacob Salkheld, in 1853, by the

first

Marion Hose Company,

Abbott was buried there in 1821, and Jacob Hoch, a

of Philadelphia, and was brought in a canal-boat

German, who

from Philadelphia to

Lausanne township, and was on the site of Lowreytown, found sepulture here in 1822. The next burial was that of a Mr. Chesney, an employe of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company, who was drowned in lived in

killed while unloading logs

the river.

In 1847 the companj' deeded the plot to

Conrad Miller, L. D. Knowles, E. W. Harlan, Asa Packer, and Daniel Bei'tsch as trustees, to receive and hold the property, in trust for the benefit and use of the citizens of Mauch Chunk. They appointed Conrad'Miller, Samuel B. Hutchison, and Edward Lippincott, of Mauch Chunk, James Broderick, of Summit Hill, and Charles Packer, of Nesquehoning, as a

Mauch Chunk on Nov.

company was then organized by the citizens of the town. After a few years the company disbanded, and the carriage was turned over to the borough authorities.

The

citizens then did fire-duty without organ-

ization until

Aug.

carriage.

No.

1,

was

1.

Sterling, a

man

fifty

years of until

advancing, years with their attendant infirmities com-

him

John Sterling. The old: seston was a Scotch man, and a very good counterpart oft" Old Immoi-tality." He had a wonderful meinory, and although he kept no record, could tell pelled

to resign in favor of

name of the inmate of every tomb, give the date of death, and relate the peculiarities of the person while living. When asked by visitors how he was

the

getting along, his

common answer

times are sae hard and na folk are dyin'. these days."

was, " Weel, the

mooch doin', not many The managers of the

cemetery received a legacy of sixty-five shares of Lehigh Valley Railroad stock from the late Daniel Bertsch, one of the pioneers of Mauch Chunk, from which over one hundred dollars per year is derived.

The

trustees of the cemetery are

now an incorporated and have been since 1873. The present board is composed of Robert Klotz, D. G. Bertsch, L. Yeager, Nicholas Rammel, R. Q. Butler, Joseph Moore, George Ruddle, Frank Sayre, and C. Kocher. R. Q. Butler is president, and D. G. Bertsch, secretary and body,'

treasurer.

Fire Companies.

— A fire-engine

company was

or-

ganized as early as 1833, as we learn from an advertisement calling a meeting, and signed by Henry Mears, secretary. In 1834 the oflBcers of this com-

pany were

as follows; President,

Nathan Patterson;

and on June 3, Marion Hose

the organization of the

and Button wood was purchased, which is still in

14, located at Fifth

Streets, Philadelphia,

In 1874 the company purchased a which is still used by the

active service.

company.

Henry

to said

the old United States Hose

provement of the cemetery, and William Reed was made treasurer. R. Q' Butler, Esq., was given charge

became permanent sexton, holding the place

the present Marion'

instituted,

When

place,

Silsby steam fire-engincj

age,

when

was granted

1867, a charter

Company, No. company took

1866,

8,

Hose Company, No.

cornmittee to collect the necessary funds for the im-

of the work, and

23, 1853.

A

The number

of active members is now In June, 1883, the company organized i. band, which is still kept up by the company. thirty-five.

Masonic Lodge, Chapter, Council, and Commandery. Upon the petition of John Fatzinger, Asa

—

Packer, Isaac T. Dodson, Daniel Bertsch, William

and William Lilly, Jr., the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania granted a charter, dated Dec. 27, 1849, to Carbon Lodge, No. 242, A. Y. M., to be held at Mauch Chunk, Carbon Co., Pa., which was constituted Feb. 27, 1850, with John Fatzinger as Worshipful Master Asa Packer, Senior "Warden and Isaac T. Dodson, Junior Warden. William Lilly, Jr., acted Oliver,

;

;

as secretary during the balance of the year in

which

the lodge was constituted, and at the first election Samuel B. Price was elected secretary, and Isaac

Ripple treasurer. James

I. Blakslee was elected treasand has been continued in oflSce to the present time. The oflScers of Carbon Lodge for the year 1884 are as follows James M. Dreisbach, W. M. George H. Haines, S. W. Frederick Bertolette, J. W. Laird H. Barber, Sec. Herman Baugh, M. E. G. H. P., granted a charter, dated June 21, 1855, for holding a chapter of Royal Arch Masons at Mauch Chunk, and on December 6th of the same year Lilly Chapter, No. 181, was con^ stituted, when William Lilly, Jr., was installed M. E. H. P. Oharies 0. Skeer, K. and Samuel

urer Dec. 25,

18.52,

;

;

;

;

;

B. Price, S. elected the treasurer.

;

Elisha P. Wilbur, of Bethlehem, was first

The

secretary,

officers for

and James I. Blakslee the year 1884 are as fol'

IF^SKiia

i^y©Ki

^©IKKlSBSliiKlT,

©Ki(y)ii!3K

©lEiKiinriia'ii'.

:

;

BOKOUGH OF MAUCH CHUNK. lows: Laird H. Barbet, M. E. H. P.; William P. Streeter, K.; Dr. Rensellaer Leonard, S.; James I.

The

2867.

June

8,

1843. J. Simpson.

Sept.

7,

1843. J. Leisenring, Jr. L. D. Knowles.

Dec.

7,

1843. L. D. Knowles.

7,

1844.

6,

1844. Ed. Lippincott.

;

original petitioners for the dispensation

March June

William

Lilly.

Sept.

12, 1844.

W. H.

Dec.

12, 1844.

Peter Houck.

March June

1845. Philip

6,

5, 1845.

Fister.

10, 1846.

was granted by M. P. Alfred Creigh, Grand Master of Pennsylvania. At the first meeting of McNair Council, Robert A. Packer was installed as T. I. G. M. Thomas S. McNair, D. I. G. M. James H. Wilhelm, P. C. of W.; Robert Klotz, M. of E. James A. Dinkey, Rec. The officers for 1884 are as

Dec.

10, 1846. J. S.

;

I. G. M. Albert G. Brodhead, Jr., D. I. 6. M. Leonard Seager, P. C. of W. Robert Klotz, M. of E. Eugene H. Blakslee,

Lafayette Lentz, T.

;

;

;

;

Rec.

Packer Commandery, No. 23, K. T,, of Mauch Pa., opened and assembled on the 28th day

Chunk,

of September, 1866, under a dispensation dated Sept. Rt. E. D. Grand Commander Jeremiah L. 6, 1866.

Hutchinson, present. The original petitioners for the dispensation were P. E. C. William Lilly, Sir Knights James Houston, M. W. Raudenbush, and A. W. Raudenbush, hailing from Allen Commandery, No. 20; Sir Knights Thomas S. McNair, Joseph P. Salmon, Isaac K. McCollum, Anthony Dimmick, and Robert Klotz, of Crusade Commandery, No. 12. With the recommendation of the commanderies, this dispensation was granted by Right Eminent Robert Pitcairn, Grand Commander of Pennsylvania, which was subsequently confirmed by a charter from the Grand Commandery of Pennsylvania, dated 12th June, A.D. 1867, A.o. 749, a.o.e.p. 70. At the first meeting of Packer Commandery, No. 23, K. T., Thomas S. McNair was installed E. C. James HousRobert Klotz, Capt. Gen. William Lilly, ton, Gen. Milton W. Raudenbush, Rec. The followTreas. ;

;

;

;

Klotz.

C. 0. Skeer.

Sept.

;

De Young.

Philip

James McKean.

11, 1845.

11, 1845. C. O. Skeer.

this dispensation

Fister.

Peter Houck.

James McKean.

Dec.

1846.

W. H.

Robert Klotz.

Sept.

March 12, June 11,

William Lilly. Ed. Lippincott.

De Young. Robert

were Illustrious Companions Thomas S. McNair, William Lilly, Robert Klotz, R. A. Packer, J. A. Dinkey, J. K. McCollum, J. H. Wilhelm, Joseph P. Salmon, M. W. Raudenbush, John Green, and A. W. Raudenbush. With the recommendation of the petitioners

follows:

J. Leisenring, Jr.

'

William W. Weaver, Sec. McNair Council, No. 29, Royal, Super-excellent, and Select Masters, opened and assembled under a dispensation dated March 19, 1867, which was subsequently confirmed by a charter from the Grand Council of Pennsylvania, dated June 11, 1867, Anno Dep. Blakslee, Treas.

697

John Bieghe.

1846. Daniel Qlewine.

M. M. Cooper. Wallace.

John Bieghe. Daniel Olewine.

M. M. Cooper. J. S.

Wallace.

Charles Packer.

Election semi -annually.

July

1,

1847. Charles Packer.

Jan.

6,

1848. Robert Butler.

July

6,

1848. Thos. L.

Jan.

4,

1849. William Butler.

5,

1849.

White.

Conrad Kooher.

Robert Butler. Thos. L. White. William Butler. Conrad Kocher.

July Dec.

27, 1849. S. B. Price.

Peter Russel.

June

27, 1850. Peter Russel.

Dec.

26, 1850.

Jacob Gilger. Conrad Miller.

July Dec.

25, 1851. J. S.

June

21, 1852. S. B.

Sept.

30,

3,

Jacob Gilger. 1851. Conrad Miller.

S. B. Price.

J. S. Line.

Line.

S. B. Hutchinson. Hutchinson. T. R. Crellin. 1852. T. R. Crellin. Lewis Beer.

Election

changed from June and December

to

March and September. March

31, 1853.

Sept.

29, 1853. J.

Weyhenmeyer.

C. D. Culver.

D. Culver.

Dennis Bauman.

Lewis Beer.

March

80, 1854. C.

Sept.

28, 1854.

March

29,

Sept.

27,

Dennis Bauman. 1855. Nathan Tubbs. 1855. James Houston. 1856. Leonard Yaeger.

March

29,

Sept.

25, 1856.

March

26, 1857.

Sept.

24, 1857.

March

25,

Sept.

30,

March

31,

Sept.

29,

Josiah Hofi"man.

J.

Weyhenmeyer.

Nathan Tubbs. James Houston. Leonard Yaeger. Josiah Hoffman. Benj. Yaeger.

Benjamin Yaeger. Aaron Breisch. Aaron Breisch. H. B. Burnham. 1858. H. B. Burnham. Samuel Line. 1858. Samuel Line. W. W. Scott. 1859. W. W. Scott. Robert Porter. 1859. Robert Porter. Elwen Bauer.

ing are the officers for the year 1883-84: John C. Dolon, E. C. Laird H. Barber, Gen. Leonard Sea-

March

29, 1860.

Elwen Bauer.

W.

Sept.

29, 1860.

W.

John McMullen.

W.

March

28, 1861.

John MoMullen.

Geo. J. Spengler.

Sept.

26, 1861.

Geo. J. Speugler.

James Gaddes. H. Eattclifl'.

James Gaddes. T. H. Rattclifl'.

;

;

Gen. Weaver, Rec.

ger, Capt.

;

Robert Klotz, Treas.

;

William

Mauch Chunk lodge, No. 76, L 0. 0. F.—This lodge was instituted in May, 1842, and has been a more than ordinarily Following as N. G. and V. G. ization.

and flourishing organof those who have served

successful is

a

list

Sept.

8,

1842. J. Painter.

Dec.

8,

1842. William Brown.

C. Lockhardt.

March

9,

1843. C. Lockhardt.

J.

A. G. Brodhead.

27, 1862.

25, 1862. T.

March

26, 1863. Philip Miller.

Sept.

24, 1863. Isaac

Sept.

John Painter. William Brown.

20, 1842.

March Sept.

March 31,

Election quarterly.

May

Simpson.

R. Otis.

Smith.

H. Snyder. James Long.

1864. E.

29, 1864.

R. Otis.

Philip Miller. Isaac Smith.

E. H. Snyder. James Long. Hiram Houtz.

March

30, 1865. 28, 1865.

Hiram Houtz. Thos. Kirchner.

Thos. Kirchner.

Sept.

March

29, 1866.

John L. Dink.

J.

J. L.

Dink.

W. bush.

Rauden-

;

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

698

J.W. Raudenbush. H. H.Ashley. 1867. Lewis Beckhardt. 1868. E. K. Stroh.

Sept.

27, 1866.

March

28, 1867.

Sept.

26,

H. H. Ashley. Lewis Beckhardt. E. K. Stroh.

March

26,

Sept.

24, 1868.

March

25, 1869. J.

Sept.

30, 1869.

W.

E. W. Harlan. George Orr. George Orr. J. A. Dinkey. James A. Dinkey. J. A. Mayer. J. A. Mayer. F. P. Semmel. F. P. Semmel. Thomas Burk. Thomas Burk. J. S. Ackerman. J. S. Ackerman. Michael Martin. Michael Martin. J. B. Dreisbach. J. B. Dreisbach. C. H. Bower. C. H. Bower. G. W. Twining. G. W. Twining. Theo. Doering. Conrad Kocher. D. McLean (res.).

March

31, 1870.

Sept.

29, 1870.

March

30, 1871.

Sept.

28, 1871.

March

28, 1872.

Sept.

26, 1872.

April Sept.

1873.

3,

25, 1873.

A. R.

Beers*.

M. Dreisbach. T. King.

9,

1874.

Oct.

1,

1874.

April

1,

1875.

Oct.

7$

1875.

April

6,

1876. E. A. Packer.

A. F. Corby.

Oct.

12, 1876.

12, 1877. S.

Sept.

27, 1877.

M.

William Butler.

Simon Beckhardt. April 3, 1879. John McAllister. Sept. 25,1879. Adolph Doering. March 25, 1880. Douglas McLean. 1878.

3,

W.

Harlan.

iel

M.

Simon Beckhardt. John McAllister. Adolph Doering. Douglas McLean.

W. A.

Jos. Steventon.

Sept.

27, 1883.

D. B. Griffith. Jacob Fretzer.

Griffith.

Maueh Chunk Lodge, Wo. 193, Knights of Pythias, was instituted at Mauch Chunk, Pa., on the 19th day of October, a.d. 1869, in the Odd-Felby Philip Lowry as Grand Chancellor, P. C. Davis as V. P., P. C. Blair as V. G. C, P. o! Robinson as G. G., P. C. W. H. Halderman as G. R. S., lows' Hall,

H. Eckenberger

P.,

S.,

C. E.

;

26.— W. C, Oliver Breneiser

V. C, D.

;

K. Morrow; W. G., J. B. Cox; R. S., Orlando Harris; F. S., W. H. Geidner; W. B., N. F. Glace; L S., C. E. Amidon; O. S., John Faga; Trustee, L. F. Rehrig; Rep. to Grand Lodge, A. Stroh. 1872, June 25.— W. C, D. K. Morrow V. C, J. B. Cox; W. G., Henry Beineman I. S., Orlando Har;

;

ris;

0.

8.,

Ira Oliver; Trustee,

1872, Dec.

31.— W. C,

J. B.

Amos

Stroh.

Cox; V. C, Henry

Bieneman; W.

G., Orlando Harris; I. S., Theodore Doering; O. S., Ira Oliver; R. S., E. K. Stroh; F.S., W. H. Geidner; W. B., N. F. Glace; Trustee, Oliver Breneiser; Rep. to Grand Lodge, C. E. Foster.

1873, June 24.— C. C, Henry Beineman; V. C, Orlando Harris; P., C. E. Foster; M. at A., Theodore Doering; I. G., Jacob Stahl Trustee, J. W. Harlan. 1873, Dec. 80.— C. C, Charles E. Foster; V. C, Theodore Doering; K. of R. and S., Edward K. Stroh; ;

M.

Charles Hontz; P., W. H. Geidner; M. at A., Joseph Diehl Rep. to Grand Lodge, C. E. Foster Trustee,

John Black,

Jr., as

charter

;

;

Ed. K. Stroh; F. S.', John Kuebler; W. B., J. M. Dreisbach; W. I. S.j Israel Briggs; W. G., John Miner; W. O. S., J. K. Vanneman. William Merrick, J. W. Heberling, F. A. Barr, Simon Reichart, M. A. Fegley, A. F. Glace S.,

Aaron

Miller, N. B. Reber, J. P. Tacy, Francis Pratt| Orlando Harris, Louis Beckhardt, A. J. Mar^h, E. F. Luckenbach, J. W. Reed, Daniel Kalbfus, T. s! Beck^ George Long, Lafayette Rehrig, Henry Swank, J. a! Mayer, Jacob Hassel, J. B. Wildermer, George Beers, Jacob Romig, Frank Leibenguth, J. S. Eustice, Oliver

Zellner, A.

V. C, F.

;

I.

members were elected Jabez Alsover W. C, Amos Stroh

I. S.,

V. C, W. E. Frisbic; R.

Breneiser,

Luckenbach;

Foster; Trustee, J.

1874,

V.

F.

Heber-

G.

as G.

The following-named :

G., E.

W.

of F., B. F. Tacy; M. of E., N. F. Glace; P., Charles Hontz; M. at A., W. H. Geidner; Trustee, J. W. Heberling.

O. S. as officers

W.

Pratt;

1871, Dec.

29, 1883. Jos.

D. B.

W.

Leslie.

William Butler. G. L. Watson.

March

Cortright.

S.,

;

Charles Neast. Steventon.

;

George Long; Trustees, J. ling, C. E. Foster, and Louis Beckhardt. 1870, June 28.— W. C, Daniel Kalbfus Houser; O.

;

30, 1882.

29,

V. C, Dan-

;

;

Trustee, Daniel Kalbfus.

28, 1882.

31,

Sept.

B., J.

;

A. F. Corby.

March

March

W.

28.— W. C, W. E. Frisbie

R. S., E. K. Stroh F. S., C. E. Amidon M. Dreisbach G., F. W. Pratt; I. S., E.F.

Kalbfus

E. A. Packer.

Sept.

Jonas Sondheim. 1881. N. D. Cortright. 1881. William Hubble.

80, 1880.

:

1869, Dec.

Jonas Sondheim. N. D. Cortright. William Hubble. Charles Neast. W. A. Cortright.

Sept.

lows

T. King.

W. Harlan. 1870, Dec. 27.— W. C, E. F. Luckenbach V. C, C. E. Foster; L S., J. W. Harlan; O. S., John Miner; R. S., W. E. Frisbie; F. S., Orlando Harris; W. B., N. F. Glace; Trustee, John Miner; Rep. to Grand Lodge, W. E. Frisbie. 1871, June 27.— W. C, C. E. Foster; V. C, Oliver Breneiser; W. G., John Kern I. S., D. K. Morrow

S.

Leslie.

April 11, 1878. G. L. Watson. Oct.

W. E.

April

April

A. R. Beers. J. M. Dreisbach.

James Gensel, Martin Rehrig, John Brelsford, John Kerns, A. E. Soheetz, and Samuel Moore were the additional charter members. The election of ofiScers afterward resulted as fol-

Aaron Bennyhoff, J. F. Bleckley, James Vanhorn, James Hutchison, John Smith,

June 30.— C. C, Theodore Doering; V. C,

;

;

Henry Beineman, Jr. 1874, Dec. 29.— C. C, E. F. Luckenbach; V. C, William H. Geidner; P., Joseph Diehl; M. at A., Aaron Bennyhoff; K. of R. and S., E. K. Stroh M. of F., B. S. Tacy; M. of E., N. F. Glace; Trustee, W. H. Reichard. 1875, June 29.— C. C, Joseph Diehl V. C, Aaron Bennyhoff; P., William H. Reichard; M. at A., George Long; Rep. to Grand Lodge, C. E. Foster; Trustee, W. H. Geidner. 1875, Dec. 28.— C. C, Aaron Bennyhoff; V. C, William Reichard P., J. W. Harlan M. at A., B. S. Tacy K. of R. and S., E. K. Stroh M. of E., N. F. ;

;

;

;

;

;

;;

;

:

BOROUGH OF MAUCH CHUNK. Glace

M. of

;

F.,

D. K. Morrow

Trustee, C. E. Fos-

;

ter.

June 27.— C. C, William H. Reiobard; V. C, P., E. W. Tobias M. at A., Samuel Rep. to Grand Lodge, C. E. Foster Trustee,

1876,

W. Harlan

J.

;

;

Hoats Aaron Bennyhoff. 1876, Dec. 26.-C. C, J. W. Harlan V. C, R. W. Tobias P., S. P. Hoats M. at A., Christopber Herrington K. of R. and S., W. H. Geidner M. of F., D. K. Morrow M. of E., A. E. Seheetz Trustee, E. K. Stroh. 1877, June 26.— C. C, R. W. Tobias V. C., S. P. Hoats; P., Christopher Herrington M. at A., Aaron Bennyhoif; Rep. to Grand Lodge, E. F. Luckenbach Trustees, E. F. Luckenbach and Joseph Diehl, vice E. K. Stroh, resigned. ;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

1877, Dec. 25.— C. C, S. P. Hoats V. C, Charles Hontz; P., Alexander Mumney M. at A., Josiah Hontz; K. of R. and S., William H. Geidner; M. of F., D. K. Morrow M. of E., A. E. Seheetz Trustees, R. W. Tobias and Josiah Houtz. 1878, June 25.— C. C, Charles Houtz V. C, E. L. Grennados; P., Aaron Bennyhoff; M. at A., Josiah Houtz Rep. to Grand Lodge, R. W. Tobias Trustee, W. H. Reichard. 1878, Dec. 31.— C. C, E. L. Grennados; V. C, Aaron Bennyhoff; P., Josiah Houtz M. at A., R. W. Tobias; K. of R. and S., W. H. Geidner M. of F., D. K. ;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

Morrow

;

M. of

E.,

A. E. Seheetz.

June 24.— C. C, William H. Reichard; V. C, R. W. Tobias P., Aaron Bennyhoff; M. at A., Josiah Houtz Trustees, R. W. Tobias, W. H. Reichard, and 1879,

;

;

Josiah Houtz.

699

1882, Dec. 26.— C. C, R. W. Tobias V. C, E. L. Grennados; P., G. F. Schillinger; M. at A., D. P. Hughes; K. of R. and S., Elwen Bauer; M. of F., D. K. Morrow; M. of E., A. E. Seheetz; Trustee, J. ;

M. Dreisbach. 1883, June 26.— C, C, E. L. Grennados; V. C, G. F. Schillinger; P., D. P. Hughes; M. at A., C. C. Brown Rep. to Grand Lodge, E. Bauer Trustee, Aaron Bennyhoff. 1883, Dec. 25.— C. C, G. F. Schillinger; V. C, D. P. Hughes; P., C. 0. Brown; M. at A., C. E. Sayre; K. of R. and S., Elwen Bauer; M. of F., D. K. Morrow; M. of E., A. E. Seheetz; Trustee, R. W. Tobias. Norma Grove, No. 23, Order of Druids.— This ;

;

lodge was organized Nov. 17, 1858, by

who became

Amos

Stroh,

Noble Arch, and consisted of sixteen members, among whom were Jacob Saiidel, Edward K. Stroh, Aaron Bresch, and E. J. Painter. The lodge has about seventy members, and owns propits first

worth from six to seven thousand dollars. The Arch is C. C. Smith Vice Arch, Jacob Sandel; Recording Secretary, Amos Stroh Financial Secretary, A. J. Mayer Treasurer, A. E. Seheetz Trustees, Paul Kiefer, Amos Stroh, and Jacob Sandel. erty

present Noble

;

;

;

Chapman Post, No. 61, Grand Army of the Republic, was organized in May, 1867, by Lieut.-Col. Amos

W. Wilhelm, and Capt. and had twenty-six members. It now has seventy or more members, is in good financial condition, and leases a fine hall in Oak Hall building, which is sublet to several other societies. The present officers are: Post Commander, Herman Reiman Junior Vice-Commander, Charles Hellier Quartermaster, A. E. Seheetz; Chaplain, William Wilhelm. Concert Hall. As fine a public hall as is possessed by any town of similar size in the State was secured through a somewhat novel procedure, exhibiting the liberality and public spirit of a number of prominent citizens in 1882. Upon the ground now occupied by John

Stroh, Capt. George

Shields,

;

30.— C. C, R. W. Tobias; V. C, Aaron Bennyhoff; P., John Bohn M. at A., Adolph Doering K. of R. and S., E! wen Bauer M. of F., D. K. Morrow M. of E., A. E. Seheetz; Trustee, W. H. Geidner. 1880, June 29.— C. C, Aaron Bennyhoff; V. C, John Bohn P., E. L. Grennados M. at A., Adolph Doering Rep. to Grand Lodge, D. K. Morrow Trustee, Aaron Bennyhoff. 1880, Dec. 28.— C. C, John Bohn; V. C, E. L. Grennados; P., D. P. Hughes; M. at A., Adolph Doering; K. of R. and S., Elwen Bauer; M. of F., D. K. Morrow; M. of E., A. E. Seheetz; Trustees, R. W. Tobias and J. M. Dreisbach. 1881, June 28.— C. C, E. L. Grennados; V. C, D. P. Hughes; P., Adolph Doering; M. at A., Aaron Bennyhoff; Rep. to Grand Lodge, J. M. Driesbach Trustee, J. M. Dreisbach. 1881, Dec. 27.— C. C, D. P. Hughes V. C, Adolph Doering; P., R. W. Tobias; M. at A., G. F. Schillinger; K. of R. and S., Elwen Bauer; M. of F., D. K. Morrow; M. of E., A. E. Seheetz; Trustee, A. 1879, Dec.

;

;

;

;

;

;

;

—

Concert Hall there stood for a quarter of a century prior to 1881 a frame structure known as the Market

House and Town Hall, which during the latter part of the period had very poorly served the purposes i'or which it was designed. It had become old, unsightly, and altogether inadequate for the assemblages of the public, and afforded insufficient room for the marketstalls. There was much complaint on the part of the people, who wanted a suitable hall for public assemblages and entertainments, and finally the dissatisfaction took definite form, and found a voice through E. H. Rauch, W. W. Weaver, and Samuel Carpenter, who, over the indefinitely plural nom de plume of

"Many

Citizens,''

published the following call for a

public meeting

Bennyhoff.

June 27.— C. C, Adolph Doering; V. C, R. P., E. L. Grennados; M. at A., G. F. Schillinger; Rep. to Grand Lodge, J. M. Dreisbach; 1882,

W.

Tobias;

Trustee, R.

W.

Tobias.

"The

citizens of

Mauch Chunk

are respectfully requested to assemble Court House on Monday evening next (March 7th, 1881), at 8 o'clock for the purpose of considering the question of building a Town Hall and take such action as may be deemed proper." in

town meeting

at the

:

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

700

A

semi-annual payments above specified, then the said borough and possess the same without further payments

large audience assembled at the court-liouse in

pursuance of this

call,

and, after being called to

tion of

and L. H. Barber

as vice-presidents,

Charles O. .Skeer John Leieenring

and E. H. Rauch

Mahlon

After the object of the meeting was stated by Mr. Butler, a resolution was adopted, after some discussion, "that it is the sense of this meeting that the borough authorities erect a new and substantial market-house on the site now used as a market, and

Kemerer

1000 1000 600 500 600 600 500."

Daniel Bortsch

They were thus to pay twenty-nine thousand dollars for the building of the hall, one-half of which was to be returned to them on easy terms within a period of ten years. The proposition being accepted,

a public hall on the upper part thereof, of sufficient of our people." On motion of Dr. Erwin a committee was appointed to submit a plan, estimate of cost, etc., and the following-named gentlemen were appointed by the meeting A. W. Bufler, Josiah Sandel, John Fidler, John 0. Dolon, and Dr. Erwin. Adjourned to meet on the following Monday evening. The adjourned meeting received the report of the committee (A. W. Butler, chairman), which report favored an election by the citizens, to decide whether or not the Borough Council shall be petitioned to erect a public hall and market-house, at an expense not to exceed fifteen thousand dollars. The report was adopted, and Messrs. A. W. Butler, Dr. Erwin, John Dolon, John Fidler, Josiah Sandel, E. F. Luckenbach, Charles Neast, Hugh Moore, and James McElroy were appointed a committee to provide for holding

work was begun, and the corner-stone of the building was laid, with proper observance, on Aug. 10, 1881. In the stone was deposited a condensed history of Mauch Chunk, in printed form, prepared by a committee appointed by the borough authorities, of which E. H. Rauch was chairman, together with other documents and a view of the old market-house and hall, torn down to give space for the new. The work progressed so well that the hall was formally opened on the evening of Feb. 4, 1882, on which occasion a speech of presentation was made by A. W. Butler, and answered by one of acceptance by Frederick Bertolette. The evening's entertainment, "Edgewood Folks," a comedy, was then given by Sol Smith Russell and company before a crowded audience. The chairman of the building committee was A. W. Butler, the architect Addison Hutton, and the builders were Balderston & Hutton, of Philadelphia. The tasteful frescoing and the scenery was the work of H. Lempert, of Rochester, N. Y. The hall is of ample size, appropriately and elegantly finished and furnished, and possesses the important requisite of good

:

the election. project,

and issued a proclamation for an election to decide the will of the people upon April 21, 1881. This election resulted, in the First Ward, in two hundred and seventy-five votes for and forty-one against the building of the town hall, while in the Second Ward there were fifty-seven votes for and one hundred and twenty-

acoustic properties.

The lower

floor of the substan-

seven against the proposition, leaving a majority in the borough of one hundred and sixty-four in favor

purposes, and afl'ords space for a sufficient

of the enterprise.

stalls

brick structure

tial

The Council would then have

and the

is

.

but a question as to the legal right of the Council to raise the amount necessary by taxation was brought up, and in that emergency Judge Harry dollars,

"

the

We, the undersigned suhscribors, hereby agree and promise amount severally subscribed hereto, atsuch time and in such

to

pay

install-

ments as may bo required for the purpose of building a market-house and town hall on the site of the piosent market-house in the borough of Mauch Chunk, as per plans and drawings furnished by Addison Hutton, architect, of Philadelphia, with the understanding and agreement that the said building when competed shall be placed in charge of the authorities of the said borough; they to have all rents and revenues of whatever kind arising therefrom, by paying semi-annually, on the first days of January and July, to a treasurer appointed by us for said purpose, two and one-half per cent, npon the amount of our subsoriptions, which payments are to continue for a period of ten years, and, in

consideration of said borough having

made

full

payment of the twenty

principally devoted to market

number

of

free circulation of their patrons.

acted upon the expressed wish of the majority, and erected a hall not to exceed in cost fifteen thousand

E. Packer and other public-spirited citizens came to the support of the project with the following proposition and subscription for carrying it out:

own

MOO

John C. Dolon James I. Blakslee

dimensions, safety, and good taste to meet the wants

The Town Council decided favorably to the

S.

Lafayette Lentz Andrew A. Douglass E. B. Leisenring Allen Craig A. W. Butler

as secretary.

to

JV.WO 6000 6000 6000 1000

'•H.E. Packer William Lilly

W. C. Morris, Esq., organized by the elecA. W. Butler as chairman, W. C. Morris, Jr.,

order by

is

i-

,~

$?

'/V--'

'Xv-^y

:

:

BANKS TOWNSHIP. County

in 1826. Mr. Harlan was one of the early employes of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Com-

pany, and afterwards became a partner of the late Asa Packer. This firm, Packer & Harlan, contracted for and rebuilt a portion of the Lehigh Canal, after which they operated the Nesquehoning mines.

Mr. Harlan's family consisted of twelve children. Margaretta L. was born Oct. 8, 1826. Their married life proved a happy and prosperous one; the issue of their union being six children, four sons and two

—

The eldest, Harlan W., who married Eliza Le Fevre, of Hurdtown, N. J., was superintendent for the Ogden Mine Eailroad Company, near Dover, N. J., for sixteen years is now engaged in the coal business. Nathan D., who married Maggie Kennedy, of Port daughters.

;

Kennedy,

Pa., has

been engaged in the coal business

for the past eighteen years

the firm of N. D. Cortright

;

is

&

the junior

member

of

Son, also postmaster of

Mauch Chunk for the past five years. Gertrude M. is living at home with her parents. Samuel M., late superintendent of the Pennsylvania Telephone Company, married Maggie Weyhenshimer, of Allentown. William S., after attending Lafayette College, at Easton, Pa., then graduated from Wyoming Commercial College, at Kingston, Pa., and graduated from the College of Dental Surgery in 1879; has been a successfiil practitioner of his profession at Mauch Chunk ever since. On June 5, 1883, he married Miss Jennie Rawling, of Mineral Point, Wis. Emma L., youngest daughter, was married to Edwin F. Keen, wholesale merchant of Philadelphia, Nov.

711

This corps then undertook the survey of the Lehigh and Susquehanna Eailroad, Mr. Kemmerer remaining with them for four years in the capacity of assistant engineer. The succeeding four years were spent as mining engineer and assistant superintendent of the Upper Lehigh Coal Company, after which he

began an active business career as a member of the firm of Whitney, McCreary & Kemmerer, shippers of coal, the

firm subsequently

Kemmerer.

&

becoming Whitney

He

has since that date been largely identified with the coal and iron interests of the State. In 1876 he engaged in the mining of coal at Sandy Eun, and later at Harleigh, Pond Creek, and

He is a director and considerable owner of the stock of the Connellsville Coke and Iron Company, as also a director and stockholder in the Carbon Iron and Pipe Company, and an owner and director in the Carbon Eolling-Mill Company. He is secretary and treasurer of the Virginia Coal and Iron Company, and director of the Alden Coal Company, of Wilkesbarre. Mr. Kemmerer has recently been appointed by Governor Pattison one of the commissioners to revise the mining laws of the State. He was married, Dec. 1, 1868, to Annie L., daughter of Hon. John Leisenring, of Mauch Chunk. Their children are three in number, John L., Mahlon In polities Mr. Kemmerer is a L., and Gertrude L. other collieries.

—

Eepublican, but without either taste or leisure for the His religious education life.

allurements of a public

prompts him

to accept the tenets of the Presbyterian

faith.

21, 1883.

MAHLON

S.

CHAPTER XIL

KEMMERBR.

Mr. Kemmerer is of German antecedents, the family having been early settlers in Cherry Valley, Monroe Co.,

Pa.

Among

BANKS TOWNSHIP. Banks township was

the children of his grandfather,

Conrad Kemmerer, who resided in the above county, was Charles, a native of Cherry Valley, and a millwright by occupation. He married Mary Ann Price, daughter of John J. Price, an early lumberman of that vicinity, whose children were a son, Mahlon S., and a daughter, Annie (Mrs. W. W. Watson, of ScranMrs. Kemmerer, after the decease of her ton, Pa.). husband, married Walter Leisenririg, whose children were Gertrude H. (now Mrs. T. M. Eighter), Ada L., Mary W., Albert C, and Walter. Mahlon S. Kemmerer was born Aug. 27, 1843, in Cherry Valley, Pa., and in early youth became a resident of Carbon County. His education was such as the common schools afforded, supplemented by a period at the Dickinson Seminary, Williamsport. His business career began at fourteen as clerk in a colliery-store at Summit In 1862, the heavy freshet of that Hill, Carbon Co.

year having suspended operations in the coal regions, he joined a corps of engineers employed by the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company, and engaged in repairs connected with the property of the company.

erected from

Lausanne

in

1841 (before the organization of Carbon County), and named after Judge Banks, then on the bench in North-

The

ampton County.

first official

information ob-

tained of the erection of the township ment-rolls of

Northampton County

is

in the assess-

for 1842,

and

is

as

follows "Northampton County,

ss.

" commissionrks' office. "

B. Longshore,

To A.

Banks township (formerly part of Lausanne), Greeting you the last assessment of Lausanne township, and with the assistance of the assessor of said Lausanne township, you *'

Assessor of

We herewith transmit to are to transcribe from erty

rated "

which now .

.

it

all

such inhabitants, their professions, and propyonr limits as they respectfully stand

reside within

.

Given under our hand and the seal of oiBce

this 7th

day of April,

1842.

" John Santee, "John Lentz, Corns."

Banks township is about ten miles in length east and west, and about two miles in width. Its territory comprises the top of Spring Mountain, and is from fourteen hundred to sixteen hundred feet above

:

HISTOKY OF CAKBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

712

Beaver Creek rises near Jeansville, in the northern line of the township, and flows easterly in a tide-water.

sluggish stream

till it reaches Hazel Creek, in the edge of Lausanne township, from which junction its descent is very rapid. Hazel Creek rises in the northeast part of the township, flows southerly, and joins Beaver. From this junction it is called Hazel, or

Black Creek.

The

railroads

Meadow

now

in the

township are the Beaver

Division, and the Philadelphia and Reading,

which

last passes across the western end of the township through Yorktown, and aflbrds larger facilities

for

shipments to the Yorktown and Audenried

col-

lieries.

The population four thousand

The

as given

by the census of 1880

is

and nineteen.

following

is

from the

first

assessment-roll of

Banks township on record at Mauch Chunk, the county-seat of Carbon County, and is dated 1843 " To the CommisBioners of I^ortliampton County.

—

Gentlemen, "The foUowing is a statement of the amount, description, and Talue of the real and personal property, etc., made taxable in Banks township for 1843, and also the number of taxable inhabitants of said *'

township, viz.:

Number

of taxable inhabitants

260

Value.

Amount of Taluation on

real estate, horses,

tax on excess of professions, valuation on carriages., valuation of furniture.., tax on watches

money

at interest

and

etc..

cattle. J112,694

Tax. $226.38

BANKS TOWNSHIP. July

Railroad. its

time was extended to build No road was built.

26, 1841,

railroad to Sept.

1,

1846.

A slope was opened some years ago by Jonas Keese, which was soon after abandoned. Cox Brothers & Co., in the year 1883, retimbered ing.

it,

At the depth of seventy-one

was struck

five feet in

and are now

drill-

feet a vein of coal

thickness.

Drilling

is

still

going on in the hope of finding a thicker vein. Spring Mountain Coal Company.— This company was chartered May 21, 1864. Coal was first discovered in this immediate region by James D. Gallup, who was connected with the Beaver Meadow Eailroad. The property was once owned by Joseph H. Newbold, and was bought for about twenty thousand dollars by Joseph Jeanes and others, of Philadelphia. By this

company

it

was

let,

in 1847, to

William Milnes,

at a

rental of twenty-five cents per ton of coal shipped.

The colliery was soon iu operation, and in 1855 the company received forty thousand dollars rental. Mr. Milnes' lease was for twenty years, and about one and a half million tons of coal was shipped by him during that period. Since that time the mines have been operated by the Spring Mountain Coal Company.

The tract of land on which W. T. Carter & Co. are now operating at Leviston, also known as Colerain and Carter's, was owned many years ago by Altar & Stevens, of Philadelphia, who leased it to Rich & Cleaver,

and

later to Ratcliff

ran out in 1862.

Altar

&

&

Johnson, whose lease

Stevens then leased to Wil-

liam Carter & Son, who operated it two years, and then purchased the property. The interest of William Carter was later sold to Charles F. Shroener, and was continued by this firm until 1877, when William T. Carter purchased Shoener's interest, and now has entire control. About 1873 a stripping was commenced by William T. Carter & Co., about a mile west of Beaver Meadow. The underlying vein of coal is about fourteen feet thick. The coal is run to the breaker, and from there shipped to Readington to the furnaces of the company, and to Packer, Knowlton & Co., of Perth Amboy and South Amboy, N. J. An average of one hundred and ten cases per day is

shipped from the two mines.

Lehigh and Wilkesbarre Coal Company.—The this company are at Tresckow and at Audenried. At the latter place the mines are all in mines of

Luzerne County, and the offices in Carbon County. The German Pennsylvania Coal Company commenced operations on the site of the present works at They sunk a slope, built this place in the year 1861. a breaker, tavern, store, and several dwellings. This they worked for several years, and sold to Samuel Bonnell, Jr., of New York City, who worked the mines for two years, and sold to the Honey Brook Coal Company, which was incorporated April 23, 1864, whom they were worked till Feb. 1, 1874, when the company was merged in the Lehigh and Wilkesbarre Coal Company, who now own it. Three slopes

by

are used.

The

present breaker was erected in 1866.

713

—

Yorktown Collieries. The tract of two hundred and two acres on which the collieries of George H. Myers & Co. are located belonged many years ago to Christian Kunkle. Mr. N. P. Hosach, of New York, employed men to make an examination on the property for coal, and becoming convinced that coal was there in quantity, he purchased the property for thirty

After a few years he became incompany was formed called " The New York and Lehigh Coal Company," who still own the property. In the summer of 1855 it was leased for ten years to James Taggart. He sunk the first slope on the Big Vein on the site of No. 1 Breaker, and shipped the first coal in April, 1856, by the Beaver Meadow Railroad to the Lehigh Valley Railroad. This slope was " drowned out" in 1860, and was not pumped out and ready again for work until 1864, when work was resumed.

thousand

dollars.

volved, and a

Another slope on the Big Vein, called No. 2, was opened in 1858. The coal was drawn to No. 1 Breaker. This slope was mined to the end of the lease. Upon this termination the New York and Lehigh Coal Company, in whose hands the property then was, leased the mines to George K. Smith & Co. for ten years. Mr. Smith had charge of the mines, and in 1867 was shot in his own house. Mr. Thomas Hull, one of the. company, continued the mines under the lease till January, 1868, when he became embarrassed, and gave up his lease. Slopes Nos. 3 and 4, on the Big Vein, were sunk by Thomas Hull & Co. Its coal was drawn to No. 1 Breaker. The property was leased for ten years by A. L. Mumper & Co. in 1868. Under this firm Slopes Nos. 5 and 6 were sunk. Breaker No. 5 was built in 1869, burned down and rebuilt in 1877. Breaker No. 6 was built in 1875. Slope No. 6 is on the Wharton vein. In 1878 a lease forfifteen years was made to Thomas, John & Co. Mr. John died in September, 1880, and Mr. George H. Myers being the only one of the firm then living, the firm was reorganized by him, with George, John, and Thomas Dougherty as partners, under the firm-name of George H. Myers & Co., by whom it is still run. The shipments are about one hundred and fifty thousand tons yearly. Store and dwellings were built by J. Taggart. Thomas Hull & Co. built blocks of houses and the present company store.

In 1872 mines were opened by John Morton and owned by the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company and Cox Bros., located about a mile northwest from Beaver Meadow, near the county line. They sold their interest soon after to E. B. Ely & Co., of New York. This company built a large breaker. They were not very successful and closed the lease of the Cox land, and continued work on the Lehigh Valley Railroad land until the expiration of E. N. Enbody, on land

Cox Bros, then leased the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company's land, and are now working

the lease in 1881.

both mines.

A

saw-mill and six blocks were erected.

HISTORY OP CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

714

laborers are mostly Hungarians, and number about three hundred. The mines are in Carbon County and the works are in Luzerne County.

The

Schools in Banks Township.— Tlie schools are enin connection with the mining towns, and number fourteen. There are two at Beaver Meadow, three at Colerain, or Leviston, three at Tresckow,

tirely

four at Audenried, and two at Jeansville.

under the control of the board of school in number.

The

following

is

a

list

They are

directors, six

of the school directors of the

township since the erection of Carbon County 1844. James Yarrow, George Jenkins, Charles Haines, A. W. Pratt, P. G. Gensell. :

—

1845.— A. W.

Pratt,

Aaron Howey, Thomas B.

Daniels.

— Oakley O. Hampton, Stephen Smith. — James Lewis, Patrick McHugh.

1846. 1847.

1848.— A. B. Longshore, T. B. Daniels. 1849.— John Eodrock, W. McCulloch. 1850. J. 0. Cleaver, John Henry. 1851.— Thomas B. Daniels, O. O. Hampton, William H. Cool, Philip Hoffeckner. 1852. William H. Cool, Jenkin Reynolds, John Rothrock, John W. Righter, George Brader. 1853.— J. Garrihan, M. Smith. 1854.— Charles Eied, William H. Cool. 1855. George Brader, Thomas Daniel, Stephen

—

— —

Smith, Charles Brittain.

— George

1856.

Johnson, James Early, James Mc-

Closkey.

1857.— John Shindel, A. J. Moyer. 1858.— J. B. Longshore, Patrick McHugh. 1859.— S. W. Hudson, Michael Smith. 1860. Jacob Dilinnger, Patrick Turney,

—

1862.

J.

S.

— A. J. Laudabaum, Henry Sheffer. —James A. Meyers, Patrick McHugh, Henry

Sheffer.

—

— A. Dimmick, Jonah Reese.

1868. Shaffer.

James Wear, James Theudem, Michael

Smith, William E. Bevan. ,

,

1873..

Patrick Conahan, J.

J. Gallagher.

— W. E. Bevan, Richard Hughs.

1874 1875.

Martin C. Birdley, Henry

C. Sinfkin. Gallagher, Patrick Conahan. 1877.- -Bernard Gilded, John McGeady, C. J.

—

1876..

J. J.

Mur-

ray.

1878.

1864.

Michael Kelly, March, 1867. Otto Hoeffner, John B. Longshore, March, 1869. John B. Longshore, October, 1869. E. S. Heintzelman, October, 1870. Thomas Mallery, March, 1872. William E. Bevan, March, 1873. James Washburn, March, 1874. Hugh McGarvey, March, 1876. Charles Butler, March, 1877. E. S. Heintzelman, Daniel Romig, Jr., March, 1880. J. B. Longshore, R. E. Donaughey, March, 1'881. Richard Williams, Sr., Hugh McGarvey, March,

Edward Kimlin, March, 1883. Beaver Meadow.— This village is situated on the Beaver Meadow Division of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, about six miles from Weatherly.

Jr.,

It lies

about

fourteen hundred feet above tide-water, and takes

Creek, which flows past

it,

its

and on

which it is said beaver dams were found when the land was located. Its prosperity was assured for a time by the shipment of coal, the building of the Beaver Meadow Railroad in 1832, and the establishtheir shops at the place. Upon the removal of these latter, in 1842, the interests of the village

somewhat declined, but the coal-mines It

now

still

gave

life

contains seven stores, a post-

office, two churches (Methodist and Presbyterian), two school-houses, Odd-Fellows' hall, and station of the

and

two.

The

-Richard Williams,

of the

Beaver Meadow Division of the Lehigh Valley Railroad. The old turnpike is abandoned, and a road leads from the village across the Spring Mountain to the Quakake Valley, where it connects with the road from Quakake to Tamaqua. Many of the miners at Colerain live at Beaver Meadow. The population of the village, as given by the census of 1880, is five hundred

— No record. 1872.-— Daniel Brisbin, 0. J. Murray. 1871

list

^

to the place.

— Charles Murry, Daniel Brisbin.

1870.

is

from 1845 to the present: H. W. Curley, March, 1845. Jacob Horn, March, 1846. Aaron Hamburger, March, 1850. Jacob Horn, March, 1851. Reuben Miller, Thomas L. Boileau, March, 1852. William H. Trescott, March, 1856. A. J. Laudenbeam, J. P. Shindel, March, 1857. William B. Wilson, March, 1858. John B. Longshore, William Simpson, March, 1869. James McCloskey, March, 1860. John B. Longshore, Herman Hamburger, March,

justices of the peace

ment of

James Washburn, James Francis. J. K. McCollum, John Travaske, Henry

1867.

1869.

Ferney.

name from Beaver

1863.—Marcus McDonnell, Michael McCormick. 1864. A. J. Lauderbaum, Jenkins Reynolds. 1865.— J. B. Longshore, W. D. Fowler, John Tre1866

— 1881. — Bernard Coyle, George Spencer. 1882. — John Martin, Edward Garrihan. 1883. — Hugh Ferney, John Boyle. a Justices of the Peace. — Following

Hugh

1882.

Haynes. 1861.

1879.— William Coyle, Hugh Sheridan. E. Hughs, J. F. Hardcastle, George Spencer,

1880.

Bernard Gilded.

tract on which the village was located was warranted in 1787 to Paddy and Mary Keene, and later

: ;

BANKS TOWNSHIP.

716 and car-shops

Beaver Meadow. first, and

came into possession of Nathan Beach, who sold five hundred acres to Judge Joseph Barnes, of Philadelphia, in 1830. The turnpike from Eaaton to Berwick on the Susquehanna, known also as the Lehigh and Susquehanna turnpike, ran through the tract. In 1804 a log house was built upon the site and kept as a tavern (by whom is not known). On the 10th of April, 1826, William H. Wilson removed with his family to the place, and became the landlord of the tavern. There was a toll-gate at the foot of the mountain, kept by a man by the name of " Green." At that time, also, a man by the name of Bevelheimer lived where now Leviston stands. There was no other house here at the time. A little later James Lamison came in and

chine-, blacksmith-,

built a house, which, in 1831, he kept as a tavern.

Schmouch, 1838. Beaver Meadow Post-Office. —The first post-office was established at the place about 1830, and kept by William H. Wilson at his tavern. He was succeeded in 1839 by A. G. Brodhead, who officiated till 1840, when William H. Wilson was again appointed, and was succeeded respectively by Dr. Ashbel B. Longshore and Thomas Hooven. The latter retained the position till 1861, when Mrs. L. B. McClane, a daughter of William H. Wilson, the first postmaster, was

that year Miss Hetty Hinkel,

still

living,

In

removed

In the year 1833, N. R. Penrose, now

the place.

to

liv-

ing at the age of eighty-three years, came to Beaver

Meadow

as the agent of the property of

He built

near the

building,

site

Judge Barnes.

of the log tavern a large frame

now owned by William

Carter.

Upon

.

its

was occupied by William H. Wilson as a tavern, and by James Gowan (father of Franklin B. Gowan) who bought it, as a store. Mr. Wilson kept the tavern at this place about three years, and in 1837 .built nearly opposite a tavern known as Wilson's Hotel, which he kept for twenty years. It was then kept a year by Mr. Woodring by William B. Wilson (a son of William H.) for two years later by Henry Kepner, Michael Wilhelm, and others, until 1878, when.it was discontinued, and is now occupied The only hotel now in the village is kept as a store. by Mrs. J. Husson. N. E. Penrose was appointed justice of the peace of Lausanne township in 1834, the next year after his settlement, and served about twelve years. He has been a resident since that time, and actively engaged in business for many years. He was with the engineering party who made the first survey for the railroad through the section. In the year 1855 he erected about two and a half miles east of Beaver Meadow, a powdermill, which was operated until 1866, when it was blown up and abandoned. A mile and a half farther northeast William H. Cool, about the same time, built a powder-mill it was also blown up and abandoned. In 1848, N. K. Penrose erected a foundry at Beaver Meadow, which he conducted a year or two and sold to S. W. and B. W. Hudson, who carried it on till completion

it

;

;

;

1859,

when

S. W. Hudson W. Hudson, who

sold his interest to his

continued till 1865, and Wainwright. He very soon after sold to sold to J. C. Hayden & Co., of Jeansville, who, in 1868, tore it down and removed it to Jeansville, in connection brother, B.

at

Hopkin Thomas was the master-mechanic at

while the shops were at this place a ten-wheel locofirst built in this country), the " Nonpareil,'' was constructed here. Capt.

motive (probably the

named

George Jenkins was the first superintendent. He was succeeded by James D. Gallop, and he, in 1838, by The shops were removed from A. H. Van Cleve. Beaver Meadow to Weatherly about 1840. The oldest settlers now living in Beaver Meadow are as follows, with the years in which they settled Mrs. S. B. McClane, 1826 Miss Hetty Hinkel, 1831 ;

N. R. Penrose, 1833 Charles Brittain, 1836 John B. Tweedle, 1837 Miss James Farrow, 1837 Henry ;

;

;

;

appointed,

Schools.

who

holds the position.

still

—The

first

school in the place was started

about the year 1885, and was kept by Miss Lydia Bidlack in what was formerly used as a blacksmithshop, and stood on a back street in the rear of the Thomas McCurly later taught present post-office.

many lage,

Two

years.

school-houses are

which are well

filled.

now

in the vil-

Mr. John Martyn

is

the

resident director.

—

Churches. The Presbyterian Church which stands head of the street was built largely through the influence of A. H. Van Cleef, about 1838 or 1889, and the society became quite numerous. The removal of the shops affected it, and it declined. There is no congregation of this denomination here at presThe building has been used many years by the ent. Methodists, and now by the German Reformed congregation, who are supplied occasionally from Hazleat the

ton.

A

Methodist

congregation was organized

years ago, and worshiped in the Presbyterian

many

Church

edifice. In 1874 the society erected the present house of worship, which was dedicated in October of that The pastor at that time was the Rev. J. P. year.

Moore. The present pastor is Rev. J. W. Buckley. Sunday-school with two hundred pupils, under the superintendence of John Martyn, is connected with the church, which has a membership of forty-five.

A

with other business of a similar nature. The Hudsons, while in business, made the bridge bolts and other iron-work for the Mahanoy Division of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, then building through the

Beaver Meadow Lodge, No. 62, I. 0. of 0. F.— This lodge was instituted July 13, 1839, and incorporated at the August term of court, 1849. Their meetings were first held in a building which stood on the lot now owned by Joshua Gates. Here they re-

Quakake Valley. The Beaver Meadow Railroad Company

the

mained about erected

ma-

site

five years,

when they

erected a hall on

of the present building, which stood until

its

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

716 destruction by

fire

Soon

about 1878.

after,

the pres-

ent large and commodious hall was erected, two stories in height, at a cost of a trifle over

The lower

lars.

and the upper

story

two thousand

dol-

used for public purposes

is

The present num-

for a lodge-room.

about seventy. The present officers William H. Watkins, are James Wear, Noble Grand ber of members

is

;

Secretary.

Yorktown and Audenried, are mining towns that

Yorktown

township.

lie is

adjoining each other,

in the western end of

on the northern

Banks

line of the

county, adjoining Luzerne County, and a part of

denried

They

.

is

Au-

located in Schuylkill County.

comand have a population of one thousand and thirty-nine. Audenried was named from Lewis Audenried, a coal operator in Philadelphia. A post-ofl5ce was established in 1860, and on the 15th of October, 1860, Samuel Martyn received a commission as postmaster. The office was opened in the store of the Honey Brook Coal Company, and has been kept in the same building to the present. The postmasters, with the dates of commission from that time, are here given Isaac K. McCollum, Feb. 25, 1862; Miss Mary E. Lazarus, March 2, 1865; Miss Martha J. Lazarus, May 14, 1869 Miss Kate Koons, are entirely the outgrowth of the mining

panies' operations near them,

:

;

Dec.

14, 1871.

The

latter

is still

in possession of the

office.

On the 10th of July, 1871, a stock company was organized as the Hosack Hall Association, for the purpose of erecting a public hall. A lot was donated by the New York and Lehigh Coal Company. A capital stock of seven thousand five hundred dollars was expended in the erection of the present commodious ball,

which bears the name of Hosack Hall.

The place contains Catholic, Methodist,

— a Presbyterian,

five churches,^

Welsh

and Welsh Independent Congregational. Presbyterian Church.— About the year 1870 the Rev. Daniel Durrelle was sent to this section as a Baptist,

missionary of the Presbyterian Board of Missions. Through his influence a congregation was gathered, and services were held for a time in the Methodist Church. The present church was built in 1872, the corner-stone having been laid September 8th in that still under the pastoral charge of the Eev. Daniel Durrelle. He was succeeded by the Rev. year, while

Jesse Shafer, and he by the Rev. William McNair,

the present pastor. St. Patrick's Church.— Prior to 1873 the Catholics of this place worshiped in Frenchtown. In 1868 a

new

diocese was created, and the church at Frenchtown WHS in the new diocese (Scranton), and this place was still in the diocese of Philadelphia. This change brought about a desire on the part of Catholics in Audenried and Yorktown to build a church of their

own. York,

A

was donated by Hosack & Co., of New and in 1870 a parsonage was erected, at a cost of six thousand dollars. A church lot

for that purpose,

was commenced in the spring of 1873, the June of that year. It was completed and dedicated Nov. 14, 1875, Archbishop Wood performing the dedicatory service, and Bishop Lynch, of South Carolina, preaching the sermon. The church has been under the pastoral care of Rev. T. J. Warren from 1869. The Catholic population within the charge of this church numbers fifteen hundred. edifice

corner-stone being laid in

The Welsh Baptist Church.— The

preacher

first

and Congregational Churches was the Rev. Samuel Thomas. He was succeeded by the Revs. D. Roslyn Davis and T. D. Evans, who is now the pastor. The church has a membership of one hundred and eight. The church edifice was erected in 1872, at a cost of twenty-five hundred dollars, and in 1883 improvements were added to the amount of eleven hundred dollars. after the division of the Baptist

The Welsh Congregationalists and Baptists worshiped together for several years in the old Armory building,

and

later in the

division the Rev.

W. H.

school-house.

Harris was the

After the

first

pastor of

He

was succeeded. by the Rev. Morgan, who served two years and died here. In 1877 the Eev. John E. Jones was chosen pastor, and served till 1882, since which time the church has been without a pastor. It has a membership of fifty. Methodist Church. The Methodists of this region were for many years under the charge of ministers from the Cunningham District. In 1869 a church was erected. The Revs. Bird, Hoge, and James B. Cuddy were among those who preached prior to that time. The following ministers have had charge of the Audenried and Jeansville Churches from 1869 to the present: Revs. E. W. Schwartz, Alem Britten, M. L. Drum, J. W. Leckie, George Warren, W. A. Clippinger, and W. C. Hesser, the present pastor. The Audenried Church has a membership of forty-five. A hotel was opened at Audenried in 1861 by Augustus Williams. He was succeeded by Rothrock, P. D. Fruit, and N. D. Fowler, who went out in 1875, since which time it has been kept as a boardinghouse, and is now by Mrs. Mary Dimmick. Jeansville. This village is situated on the north border of Banks township, and mostly in Luzerne County. The property was once owned by Joseph H. Newbold, and was bought by Joseph Jeanes, of Philadelphia, after whom it is named. It is a village of about fifteen hundred inhabitants, and has grown up to its present size since 1847, at which time the coal operations commenced. The population by the census of 1880 is four hundred and forty-one. Tresckow. This village is the result of the mining operations commenced by the German Pennsylvania the former denomination.

—

•

—

—

Coal

Company

in 1851.

A tavern, store, school-house,

and dwellings were built by them, and the village increased as the mines were developed, and now has a population of six hundred and seventy-six by the census of 1880.

The property

is

now owned by

Lehigh and Wilkesbarre Coal Company.

the

'

EAST PENN TOWNSHIP. Leviston, Colerain, and Coolstown are a cluster of hamlets

now owned by William

T. Carter,

who

is

conducting the mines in that vicinity. The population of the settlement is eight hundred and six, and in the census of 1880

Beaver

is

Meadow Mines

stated as belonging to the

Village.

CHAPTER

XIII.

EAST PENN TOWNSHIP.

The

territory comprising all that part of

Carbon

lying west of the Lehigh River, and a portion of

Schuylkill County, was, in 1768, set off from Towa-

mensing

On

District.

the 22d of June in that year a

Northampton County asking that Towamensing township be divided.

petition was presented to the court of

The following is on

record concerning

tion of divers inhabitants of

it

"

:

Upon peti-

Towamensing township

setting forth that the Petitioners labour under the

by reason of the too large exit being no less than thirtysix miles long, which makes it extremely expensive as greatest inconveniences

tent of the said township,

well as inconvenient especially to the public

such as township

.

officers,

and praying the court that the said may be divided where the river Lehi cuts .

.

the same nearly in the middle.

Whereupon

it is

considered and ordered by the court that William

Kern, John Kern, Nicholas Kern, William Thomas, Henry Rhoads, and Frederick Klein be appointed and if they see occasion to Commissioners divide the said township according to the prayer of the said petition, and that they make report of their doings in the premises at the next court after it is so .

.

.

divided."

in the territorj' then

We

reported at the September term the subscribers have viewed in

pursuance of an order of June term last the township of Towamensing, and have divided the same by a natThis report ural boundary of the river Lehi." being read in open court and considered, it was " ordered that the division so as aforesaid made be confirmed, and, no cause being shown to the contrary, the same is confirmed and named by the Court Penn .

.

embracing what, in 1768, be-

came Towamensing and Penn townships. In the year 1781 the assessment-roll

made by

the commissioners

Northampton County on the 27th of December contained the following names

of

:

Solomon Baker. Christian Bauman.

Nathan Werner.

Nicholas Baucher.

Simon Henry. Simon Wehr. Henry Wetherstein.

William Wall.

Arnold Billich. George Fries. John Fries. Richard Dodson. Joseph Everett. John Edmunds. Michael Ero. Edmund Edmonds. George Grosley. George Gilbert. George J. Gilbert. Michael Hoppes. Michael J. Hoppes. Jacob Hauser. Cornelius Klingman. William Kern.

Henry Kucher. John Kisner. George Longinburg. Bastian Longinburg.

Jonathan Winner.

Adam

Ziner.

Leonard Zimmerman. Ritter

Zimmerman.

Bernard Bauman. George A. Bortz.

Thomas

Baskell.

Frederick Kramer. Valentine Bobst.

Samuel Dodson.

Thomas

Everett.

John Holden. John Handwerk. Peter Handwerk. Samuel Henry. John Lusen. John Maxfield. Jacob J. Mertz. Jacob Mertz.

John Lietner. Henry Miller.

Everitt Ohl.

William Meyer.

John Rhoads.

John Meyer. John Peter. Samuel Rhoads. John Roberts. Andrew Singinger. Henry Schmidt.

Joseph Rhoads.

Isaac Watson.

Ludwig Mansiner. Michael Ohl. George Reich. Peter Reich.

Mathew Weaver.

-George Shelhamer.

The commissioners of court, 1768, "

717

George Shelhamer, Daniel Werner.

Jr.

Jeremiah Warton. Boze Walton.

Philip Schleicher. Oentleman's Lund."

.

'

Valentine Brobst.

Henry

Thomas

Jacob Duisbills. Henry Dinn. Samuel Broomfield.

Bervin.

Arnold Billy. Jacob Bassall.

Billig.

Township."

The

first settlers

of East

Penn were English-speak-

ing people of the following family names

Rhoads, Meyers, Washburn, Johnson, Thomas, Kocher, Cus:

and others. They received the grants for their lands about the

tard, Piersol, Tippler,

year 1750. After the war of independence a portion of them to Canada, their places here being filled by

removed

Pennites, with which the remaining families became intermarried, and in time by them entirely absorbed.

In the year 1762 there were but thirty-three persons

Of the names given in this list, several will be found who were of the Benn Salem Church, of whom are Michael Ohl and Eberhard Ohl, Michael Hoppes (he was a resident in the part of the township that in 1808 became West Penn. His grandson, Solomon Hoppes, 1

members

now owns tlie mill in Mahoning township, on the site of the mill built by Christian Klotz in 1823), Heinrich Miller, Philip Schleicher, Joseph Khoads, Simon Wehr, John (or Johannes) Handwerk, William Arner, and Leonard Balliet. (They were residents of the west part of Penn township, later West Penn.) Henry Arner, son of William, came to what is now Mahoning township in 1818, and is still living there. Thomas Balliet, son of Leonard, also came to what is now Mahoning settled, and died there. His son, Nathan, is now a resident of that township. 2

The lands here

assessed

were the unseated lands.

'

:

HISTORY OP CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

718

Thomas

Barkill.

Melchoir Dunn. Robert Dunn. Joseph Gerber. William Green.

George Meyer. Samuel Nift.

Widow

Barbera Ritter.

Christian Hans. Leonard Hans. Peter Hartman. John Handwerk.

Henry

Reglistonfor.

Martin Sheib. Able Jeans.

Peter Klysser.

George J. Kistler. Jacob King. William Logan. John Long. Jacob Moss. Jacob Manns.

Abraham

Philip Mosser.

Baltzer Snyder.

Burk Mosser. John Meyer.

Michael Ohle. Robert L. Hoper.

Adam

Martin Heaster Jonathan Erb.

Steinbaoh.

J. Stein.

Andrew

John

The

remained as by the division of 1768 was again divided into East Penn, West Penn, and Lausanne. East Penn embraced the present township of Mahoning, and the greater part of Mauch Chunk. West Penn was a portion of territory west of East Penn, that in 1811 became a part of Schuylkill County. Lausanne was the northern part of the township of Penn, and embraced the present townships of Lausanne, Lehigh, Banks, Packer, and a small part of Mauch Chunk.

The

when

it

following

a

is

were assessed in 1808

list

of the names of persons

who

Heller.

John Hagenbush. Theobald Kendall. John Kearney. Joshua Kocher, Sr. Joshua Kocher, Jr. John Klotz. Andrew Kunkel. / ^ John Kuntz. John Leichleidner.

Andrew

Adam

Jacob Maury. Joseph Mathew.

Philip Sanders.

Henry

Tobias Schlosser. Carl Weiss. George Werthess.

Jost Miller.

George Mertz.

Abraham

Andrew

John Baufield. Andrew Beek. Anthony Boekert. Henry Bowman.

Fritz.

Joshua Davis, Esq.

Leonard Fisher. George Fritz. George Griffith. Gertrude Golduer, widow. Jacob Goldner. George Geiger. Solomon Gordon. George Heller. Joseph Hunsicker. William Henry, Esq.

Daniel Ebert.

J. Weiss.

Lewis Ereke. Lawrence Ebener. Conrad Ebener. Jacob Fritz, Sr.

Henry Hartmann.

Balliet, Sr.

Stephen

Balliet, Jr.

Peter Bobst.

Leonard Beltz. Jacob Bachman. Solomon Broomfield. Frederick Delious.

Henry Dreisbach.

The tax

Miller.

Robert McDaniel. Thomas Mewharter.

Simon Wehr. Thomas Wolton.

Henry Notestine. John Notestine.

Doctor Weisler. George Worthman. Christian Wahl. Samuel Walton.

Frederick Newhard.

John

Estate of Michael Ohl.

Peter Musselman.

Peter Notestine.

Zellner.

Peter Frantz.

Stephen

1

Joseph Sewitz.

:

Jacob Fuller. John Freyman. Abraham Freyman. John Fuhr. John Fuhr, Jr. George Fogleman. Caspar Frederick.

Steigerwalt.

Stahneckel.

Charles Steigerwalt.

Miller.

Jacob Andreas. William Andreas.

Christian Ackerman. Jonathan Baohman.

Conrad Zolt. Paul Zoit.

John Lintz. Benjamin Mathew.

Nicholas Fuller.

Daniel Andreas.

Martin Rerig. Daniel Reber. William Rex, Sr. William Rex, Jr. Peter Robenold. Peter Rhoads, Esq. George Rex. William Rawle. Joseph Rhoads. Jacob Renner. Samuel Reinsmith. Christopher Rex. George Ruch.

George Lerbenguth.

Peter Andreas.

John Andreas.

Jr.

Rolf.

Conrad Rerig.

Deater Heller.

territory

1808,

Peter.

Barnet Rad. Henry Remelly. Henry Remelly,

H^nry

Heller.

Andrew

Samuel Werner. till

estate.

George Henry Horn. William Heller. George Halshoe.

George Houser. George Schleicher.

Daniel Ero.

John

Christian Horn.

Single Freemen.

Henry Ohl. Thomas Paschall. Caspar Peter. Jacob Peter.

Peter Handwerk.

Ohle.

Bernard Volfellen. Benjamin Walton. George Gaston.

Nathaniel Edmonds.

Catharine Haber-

man.

Single Freemen.

Mathias Notestine,

John

John

Jacob Maury. Jacob Feller.'

Solt.

Nicholas Mertz.

Lischleter.

Jacob Smith. Daniel Rerig.

Peter Notestine.

Frederick Golduer

Peter Feller.

John Rei.

Jacob Andreas.

Christian Fisher.

William Holshoe.

Christian Miller.

John Holshoe.

Peter Holshoe.

David Heller. Caspar Horn.

In the year 1827 the territory of East Penn township was reduced by the setting off" of Mauch Chunk, the greater part of which was taken from this town-

Daniel Hefflidseker.

ship.

levied in tliat year

was

$iT5.39.

In the year 1830 the following persons were engaged in business in the township (Mahoning and Lehighton being still in its limits)

EAST PENN TOWNSHIP.

—

Saw-milla Henry Arner, Elizabeth Daubenspeck, George Heilman, John Hough, Henry Notestine. Grist-mills Stephen Balliet, John Hough, Daniel

—

Snyder.

—

Taverns Jacob Andreas, Christian Fisher, Jacob Fenstermacher. Distillery

— Jacob Fenstermacher.

Forge— Balliet &

Helflfrich.

In the year 1842 ]VIahoning township was set off from East Penn, reducing it to its present territory. It is bounded on the south by the Blue Ridge, which separates it from Lehigh County. Schuylkill County is on its western border, Mahoning township on the

719

John and Peter Handwerk appear in the Handwerk in 1808 is still a Samuel Henry in 1781 is owner of propresident. erty. In 1795, William Henry was joint owner with Bobst.

former year, and Peter

Jacob Weiss of a tract of land on which Lehighton borough is situated. Jacob Peter's name occurs in both years, and in the latter also appear Caspar and John Peter. Michael and Everett Ohle are assessed in 1781 on property as residents, and Andrew Ohle on unseated lands. In 1808 the estate of Michael Ohle is assessed and the name of Henry Ohle appears. John and Joseph Rhoads appear in 1781, and Joseph in 1808.

Peter Rhoads, Esq.,

is

He was

assessed in the latter

north, and the Lehigh River on the east.

year on unseated lands.

Lizard Creek rises in the west part of the township, flows through Lizard Creek Valley, from which it

ampton (now Allentown), and associate judge of Northampton County. Benjamin Walton was assessed on unseated lands in 1781, which seem to have been occupied in 1808 by Thomas and Samuel Walton. Simon Wehr was assessed in 1781. In 1804 the commissioners of Northampton County met at the house of George Simon Wehr to make a contract to build a bridge over " Mach junk Creek." This was the year in which the Lehigh and Susquehanna Turnpike was chartered, and Wehr, without doubt, kept a tavern at the place that later became so widely known as "The Landing Tavern." His name is on the roll of 1808. He was also a member of Benn Salem Church. Martin Andreas emigrated from Alsace, on the Rhine, and arrived at Philadelphia, Oct. 7, 1749, in

takes

its

name, and enters the Lehigh River nearly

the middle of the east

at

line.

The southern portion of the township, being the northern slope of the Blue Ridge, is still as much a wilderness as when the Indians roamed the trackless forests a century and a half ago. The valley of Lizard

Creek was first settled by the Moravians- soon after the massacre at Gnadenhiitten in 1755. An Indian missionary village was established on Lizard Creek, and was named " Wecli-gue-toak." At this place were gathered some of the Indians who were scattered at the time of the burning of Gnadenhiitten. Moravian missionaries were in charge. Loskiel, the well-known Moravian writer of the time, has the settlement marked on a map of the region made in 1763. The Scotch-Irish settlers along the valley considered the missions convenient places of gathering for unfriendly Indians, and threats of destruction were made to the inhabitants of this and other missionary villages. These became so frequent that the settlement was abandoned, and the village was burned by a party of whites in November, 1763. But very few, if any, families had settled in the limits of what is now East Penn township who remained through the troublous times that followed the defeat of Braddock.

The

eastern

portion of the township, especially

along the Lehigh River, was not settled permanently The western portion was settled by until after 1800. English and Germans, who came in after the Revolu-

working their way from the westward, settling first in what became West Penn, and spreading eastward to the centre of the township. The locality around Benn Salem Church in both townships was tion,

the centre of the settlement.

church

The

history of that

the best authority we have for the names

is

of the settlers after 1781.

An

examination of the assessment-rolls of 1781 will show how few families of the earlier

and 1808

year were living here in the

Bauman ever,

appears in both

were

settlers

owned lands

in

is

The

The name family,

of

how-

the ship " Leslie," J. Bulldower captain, from Rot-

terdam, and settled in Heidelberg township (now

Lehigh County), Pa. He served in the American army during the Revolutionary war as a teamster. His family consisted of five sons and one daughter, named as follows Abraham, Peter, Jacob, William, Martin, and Salome (married to Jacob Freyman). Jacob and Peter jointly purchased and occupied what is now known as the Andreas or Nimson farm in Jacob married Sarah Washburn, of East Penn 1793. township, and Peter married her sister. They were granddaughters of John Rhoads, the original settler and owner of the tract. Jacob lived on the farm till his death, and left two daughters, of whom Hannah became the wife of A. B. Nimson. She is now living :

Lehighton. A. B. Nimson came to Pennsville about 1824, and taught school from that year till 1832. He was a part of the time in the employ of the Coal at

and Navigation Company

at

Summit

Hill.

In 1846

he was elected justice of the peace, and served several terms. In 1852 he was elected register and recorder of the county, and re-elected in 1855 and in 1861. Peter Andreas lived on the farm from his first settlement till 1810, when he sold it to Jacob Dinkey and removed from the township. Josiah Andreas, Sarah (the wife of William Bittenbender), and Cecilia (wife of Gideon Kistler), are grandchildren of

Towamensing, and probably

Peter.

The name of Valensucceedect in 1808 by Peter

into the township in 1807,

in this township.

tine Bobst in 1781

latter.

rolls.

a resident of North-

William Andreas, brother of Jacob and Peter, came and purchased a farm near

HISTOKY OF CAKBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

720

Benn Salem Church, where he

lived, and died in two sons, Jonas and George. The latter lived on the homestead until about 1850, when he sold to John Neff, whose sou, Reuben, now reGeorge Andreas emigrated to sides on the farm. Ohio, where he still resides. Jonas settled in Lizard Creek Valley, where he

1823,

now

He

—

left

lives.

Jacob Dinkey, who in 1810 purchased the Peter Andreas tract, was a native of Whitehall township, Northampton Co. (now Lehigh), where he married. After he purchased the farm of Peter Andreas he removed to the place and erected a dwelling-house, in which he opened a tavern. Adjoining he also built a store and a blacksmith-shop. Upon his farm was built the first school-house in the lower part of the

In 1820 he was appointed justice of the and served many years. Upon the organization of the county in 1843 he was elected associate judge of Carbon County, being associated therein with Asa Packer. He died in 1845, aged sixty-two years. His children were Sarah, Charles, James, Reuben, Anna, and Leah. Sarah became the wife of John Bauman, and settled at Baumansville. Charles settled at home, kept the tavern for a time, was electedjusticeof the peace in 1853, and died at PennsJonas taught school for a term, and removed to ville. Easton. Reuben lived at home many years, kept the tavern, was elected justice of the peace in 1858, 1863, and 1867, later removed to Baumansville, where he Anna remains unmarried, and lives in the vildied. lage of Pennsville. Leah became the wife of George Balliet, and settled where Miss Anna Dinkey now retownship. peace,

sides.

Conrad Rehrig was a native of

this

State,

his

come to this country at a very early day, landing at Germantown, and settling in that part father having

Conrad served in the Revolution, after which he married and emigrated to north of the Blue Ridge, and settled in Lizard Creek Valley, between Pennsville and the Reuben Stiegerwalt farm. He was one of the founders of the Benn Salem Church, and on of the State.

the building committee from 1794 to 1797. He lived many years after, died, and was buried in the Benn Salem churchyard. He had eleven children, Mar-

—

Daniel, John, Jacob, Jonas, Michael, Conrad, George, William, and a daughter, Elizabeth, who became the wife of Jacob Stiegerwalt, and settled farther

tin,

up the valley. Martin, the eldest son, settled near the Balliet Forge, where he died in 1860. His children were Solomon, Jacob, Charles, Powell, Paul, Elizabeth

(Mrs.

Jacob Lentz), Lydia (Mrs. John

Liebergood), and Rebecca. Solomon settled in the township, and died in 1854, leaving a wife and children, who later moved away. The property was sold to

Dennis Bauman.

brook, where he

Jacob moved

to

Slate-

Charles and Powell settled in the Lizard Creek Valley. Charles, a son of Charles, lives on his father's farm, and is an enstill

lives.

gineer. live near

George and Henry, also sons of Charles, Bowman's Station. Reuben, a son of Powell,

on his father's farm. Paul also settled in the where his son, Reuben, now lives. Of the other sons of Conrad, Jacob now lives in Towamensing, Conrad settled on the homestead, and died single, Daniel emigrated West, John settled in the township. Owen Rehrig, of Lehighton, is a son. Jonas also lived in the township, and a son, Jonas, lives at Lehighton. William, the youngest son of Conrad, born in 1804, settled on the homestead, and lived and died there. Esaias Rehrig, of Allentown, and William, now a resident of the township, are sons. Mrs. Owen Rehrig, Mrs. Mahlin Reichart, of Lehighton, are daughters. Jacob Maurer (or Moury) was a native of Columbia County, N. Y., and emigrated to this township before 1800, and purchased a tract of land now owned by George Moury. He built the stone house now standing on the farm in the year 1817. He was a member of Benn Salem Church. In the year 1829, George Moury, the present owner, a nephew of Jacob, came to his uncle's from Columbia County, and lived with him, and, as Jacob Moury left no children, George lives

valley,

came

into possession of the farm.

The name sessment-roll

of Heinrich Miller appears on the asof 1781, and as an early member of

Benn Salem Church, and

in 1808 the names of Henry, and Abraham Miller are recorded as propertyowners, and Christian Miller is given as a single freeman. One George Miller was in possession of the farm now owned by Charles Frantz many years ago. He sold it about 1840 and emigrated to the West. Stephen Balliet, Sr., who, with Samuel Helfl'rich, built the Penn Forge in 1828, moved to the township from Whitehall, Lehigh Co., in 1837, when his son, Aaron, was erecting the Penn Furnace. He lived near Jost,

the furnace

who

till

his death, in 1854.

Of

his children

Aaron remained in charge of the furnace till that time, and returned to Whitehall, where he now lives. George married Leah, the daughter of Jacob Dinkey, and settled at Pennsville. lived in the township,

Joseph carried on a tan -yard several years after (1838). John Balliet in later years purchased the furnace, and still

owns and operates

it.

He now

lives at

Sla-

tingtou.

Daniel Romig, a native of Berks County, was born and came to this township in 1820, and purchased a farm a short distance southwest of Pennsville. His son, Charles, waselectedjusticeof the peace in 1863. Daniel Romig, Jr., was elected in 1880, and in 1799,

is still

serving.

A

son lives at Parry villa. Mrs. Simon

Mauch Chunk, is a daughter. Benn Salem Churcli. This society was organized by members of the Lutheran and German Reformed Churches who had settled in the limits of the territory that in 1808 became East and West Penn township. The precise date of its organization is not known. The old Ipg church which was occupied for so many years was completed in 1797. It is said to Reichart, of

—

;

:

:

EAST PBNN TOWNSHIP. have been commenced three years before. The Revs. Schellhort, Deshler, Diehl, and John Schwarbach preached in the neighborhood in barns and houses before the completion of the church. The building committee were Peter Andreas, Tobias Schlosser, Carl Stiegerwalt, and Conrad Eehrig. George Fusselman was the builder. It was built of logs, thirty by fortyfive feet in dimensions, having galleries on the sides. A burial-place was laid out adjoining the church lot, in which many of the forefathers of this region sleep. The pastors who have served the Lutheran Church Daniel George Schaffer, 1797-1814 are as follows John Caspar Diehl, 1814-16; Frederick William Mendron, 1816-19; John Gottlieb Yeager, 1819-32; Freyman, 1832-33; Stohlen, 1833-36; Schewver, 1836-37; Winner, 1837-40; George, 1840-42; Ernst August Bauer, 1842-72; William Henry Strauss, :

The latter is still pastor. The following are the names of

1872-84.

the German ReFrederick Wetterschlott, Jacob Diefenbach, John Zulich (1816-74), Abraham Bar-

formed ministers:

tholomew (succeeded the Rev. Mr. Zulich, and

is still

in the service).

721

Sr., Tobias Schlosser, John Fuhr, John Ringer, Heinrich Ziegle, Christian Ackerman. There are many other names of later date, but the names here given are of value as showing the set-

Guldner, George Ruch,

tlers at

the time.

Benn Salem Churchyard,—The

following are a

few of the names of persons buried in the grounds, with date of death Rev. John Schwarbach, died Oct. 31, 1800, aged 81 years.

John George Guldner, died April

23, 1803,

aged 51

years.

Anna Maria Holshoe, wife of George Holshoe, died Aug. 28, 1814, aged 67 years. George Ruch, died April 5, 1808, aged 89 years. Sarah Washburn, wife of Jacob Andreas, died Feb. 23, 1803, aged 40 years. Elizabeth "Legleidner,'' wife of Heinrich Lechleitner, died Nov. 4, 1830, aged 40 years. Heinrich Legleidner [Lechleitner], died Feb. 5, 1844, aged 60 years. John Peter Steigerwalt, died Sept. 15, 1840, aged 78 years.

The congregation of the Lutherans numbers about /three hundred members, and the German Reformed about two hundred members. The present substantial brick edifice was built on the site of the old house in 1855.

The following is a list of the early members of the church. It must be remembered that the church is not far from the division line of East and West Penn townships, and many of its members were residents of what is now Schuylkill County Carl, Peter, and Andrew Steigerwalt, Michael Ohl, Johannes Handwerk, Johannes Lechleidner, Hein:

John Peter, died At the time of her death there were two hundred and ninety-nine deChristina Steigerwalt, wife of

Sept. 30, 1850, aged 95 years.

scendants.

Lorenz Ebner, died Nov. 10, 1842, aged 80 Salome Ebner, wife of Lorenz, died July

years. 1,

1838,

aged 80 years.

Andrew Stiegerwalt, Carl Stiegerwalt, Robert McDaniel and his wife, Elizabeth, Conrad Rehrig, and many others, to whom no tablets are erected.

—

John Hoberman, George

Schools. The earliest schools in the township were connected with the Benn Salem congregation, which was organized before 1790. Its church edifice was completed in 1797, and school was kept after that

iel

in the building.

rich

Lechleidner, Lorenz Ebner, George Wertner,

Hettler, Franz Krum, DanRanch, Philip Schleicher, Peter Schleicher, John Schleicher, William Arner, Leonard Balliet, Jacob Bachman, Stephen Balliet, Peter Hartman, Heinrich Nothstein, Abraham Freyman, Jacob Mauser, Leonard Hautz, William Rex, Sr., Jacob Rex, Peter Andreas, Jacob Guldner, Daniel Rehrig, Conrad Rehrig, Heinrich Remaly, Joshua Kocher, Johannes Reber, Johannes Andreas, Jacob Andreas, Andrew Kunkle, Eberhard Ohl, Joseph Rhoads, Barnabas Rhoads, George Whitehead, Jacob Hettinger, Johannes Horn,

George Heinrich Horn, Conrad Soldt, John Diedrich Heller, Johannes Klotz, Moyer Arnold, Philip Sendle, Valentine Schuck, Thomas Walton, Andreas Fritz, Andreas Heller, Jesse Kern, Nicolaus Feller, George Peck, Andreas Feller, Peter Musselman, Christian Wohl, Daniel Ebert, Conrad Wehr, George Lechleidner, George Griffin, Jonathan Bachman, Frederick Delias, Jacob Fritz, Conrad Ebner, Wilhelm Andreas, Solomon Gordon, Daniel Heil, George Andreas, George Simon Weber, Heinrich Miller, Anthony Bachard, George Ohl, Michael Hoppes, Johannes Heller, George Cunfer, Peter Stein, John George 46

But little is known of it. The school was taught entirely in German. In the lower or eastern part of the township the first school wag started not far from 1812. A stone school-house was erected on the farm of Jacob Dinkey, and a term of three months was taught by Lawrence Enge, and was enHe was succeeded by Abram Miller, tirely English. James Campbell, Geoffrey Zilich, Jacob and James Dinkey, Andrew Croniean, Abram Low, Calvin Ber-

tolette,

Charles Black, A. B. Nimson (1824-32), Oliver

Alger (1850). The following certifiMusselman, cate was given to Hannah Andreas (now Mrs. A. B. Nimson, of Lehighton) *'ThiB

is

Hannah Andreas, is head of her her Book, and hereby has gained the

to certify that the bearer,

by her good attention good-wiU of her Tutor. class

to

"Andrew

Croniean,

" the 30th of January, 1821."

This stone school-house was used until about 1866,

when the present one was Church at Pennsville. The township accepted

built adjoining the

Union

the school law about 1840,

:

:

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNT F, PENNSYLVANIA.

722 and now contains dred pupils.

six schools, with about three

The following

is

a

list

Aaron Balliet, elected March, 1847. A. B. Nimson, elected March, 1851. Charles Dinkey, elected March, 1852. John Hunsicker, elected March, 1853. Charles H. Nimson, elected March, 1857.

hun-

of the school

directors since 1844

— George Horter, Jacob Fatzinger. — Charles Dinkey, William Eehrig. 1846. — Jonas Andreas, John Hoberman. 1847. — Jacob Steigerwalt, Josiah Frantz. 1848. — William Eehrig, Eeuben Dinkey. 1849. — Samuel Euoh, Paul Eehrig. 1850. — Thomas Shaffer, John Bauman, 1844. 1845.

John Hunsicker, elected March, 1858. Eeuben Dinkey, elected March, 1858. Eeuben Dinkey, elected March, 1863. Charles Eomig, elected March, 1865, declined. Daniel Eomig, elected March, 1866, declined. Eeuben Dinkey, elected March, 1867.

William

Beck.

— Aaron 1852. — Elias George, 1851.

Balliet,

Jacob

Westman,

Jouas

Notestine,

Henry

Eehrig.

Daniel

Eeuben Peter. 1853.— John Miller, George Schultz. 1854. John Hunsicker, Jesse Heilmau.

Peter,

— —Michael Herter, Jacob Euch, George Euch, John B. Euch. 1856. — George Schultz, Charles H. Niiuson. 1857.— Michael Herter, George Hetl^r. 1858. — Jacob Davis, Peter HabermaQ. 1859. — George Schultz, Charles Eerig. 1860. — Joseph Haberman, Eeuben Herter. 1861. — Gideon Peter, Eeuben Dinkey. 1862. — George Maury, Jacob Westman. 1855.

1863.— M. Stiegerwalt, William B. Eehrig. G. Kistler, John Haberman, Joseph Hol-

—

1864. shoe.

1865.— Daniel Eomig,

Jr.,

Levi Stiegerwalt.

—Isaac Ginter, Elias Euch. 1867.— Gideon Peter, John BaUieti 1868. — John Albright, Owen Andrew. 1869. — Isaac Ginter, Thomas. Haney. 1870. — Jacob Stiegerwalt, William Eoss. 1866.

1871.

— Josiah Andreas, Daniel Eomig.

1872.— Gideon Eehrig, Gideon Peter, 1873. Josiah Andreas, Levi Frantz. 1874.— Harrison Sdegerwalt, James Appenseller. 1875.— Joel Heintzleman, T. W. Stiegerwalt. 1876.— Lewis Euch, Henry Schultz. 1877.— Samuel Mill, Joseph Euch, David Wehr. 1878.— John Eeigel, Owen Smith. 1879.— David Delong, George Maury, Wilson

—

Ebbert.

1880.— Gideon Kistler, Harrison Germon. Elias Euch, James Youser, Solomon Furby. 1882.— Harrison Stiegerwalt, Jacob Heintzleman. 1883.— Elias Smith, Albert Bauman. Justices of the Peace.— Prior to 1840 the justices were appointed for districts embracing two or three 1881.

—

townships.

A

list

this territory will

who held jurisdiction over be found in the civil list of the

of those

county.

The following-named persons have served as justices of the peace of the township since the organization of Carbon County Jacob Dinkey, elected March, 1845. A. B. Nimson, elected March, 1846.

Elias S. Heintzleman, elected March. 1869, declined. Lewis Ginter, elected March, 1869, declined. John D. Balliet, elected February, 1875. Elias S. Heintzleman, elected January, 1880. Daniel Eomig, Jr., elected January, 1880. A. S. Stiegerwalt, elected March, 1882. Penn Forge and Furnace.— Stephen Balliet and Samuel Helffrich, in 1828, two years after the erection of the Lehigh Furnace in Heidelberg township (now Washington, Lehigh County), purchased land on the north side of the mountain, in East Penn township, Carbon Co., and near Pennsville, where they erected a forge known as Penn Forge. This was conducted by them till the death of Mr. Helffrich, in 1830. Mr. Balliet, in 1832, purchased the Helffrich interest. At this time Mr. Balliet owned in the vicinity about seven hundred acres of land. In 1837 he moved to the locality, purchased about three thousand acres of land, erected a furnace about three-quarters of a mile farther down the mountain, and constructed four tene,

ment-houses, making eleven in reside here

Aaron

Balliet,

from 1838 liet

till,

all.

He continued

his death, in January, 1854.

now

His

to

son,

of North Whitehall, was in charge

Soon after the death of Mr. Balthe furnace and forge property was sold to Soloto 1855,

mon Boyer and

A. B. Nimson, and about 1858 it passed John Balliet, a son of Stephen, by whom it is still owned and operated. It is a charcoal furnace, and is in blast from eight to ten mouths each year. PennsviUe.— About the year 1807, William Jacob to

and Peter Andreas purchased a large tract of land in Penn township, embracing what is now Pennsville. Peter sold his land, in 1809, to Jacob Dinkey,

who

in

the next year erected a building, which he used as a dwelling and a tavern. He also built a blacksmithshop and a store. Jacob Andreas continued upon his land, and in 1828 opened a tavern, which he kept about three years.

A

was established about the same time, Jacob Dinkey, he being the postmaster. The office was kept there many years and then abandoned. On the 9th of April, 1883, it was again established, and Penrose George was appost-office

and was kept

in the store of

pointed postmaster.

He

store at Pennsville.

The

Dinkey and

also

keeps the hotel and

hotel was kept by Jacob

his sons, Charles

and Reuben, many

years; in 1868 was sold to William Smith, and later passed to several others, and was finally destroyed by

®

m

as

m

EAST PENN TOWNSHIP. fire,

July

21, 1873.

Notestine,

who

kept

It it

was rebuilt in 1874 by Henry two years, and sold to Penrose

Mary (Schoenberger) Andreas.

She was a granddaughter of Jacob and Sarah (Washburn) Andreas, the latter a granddaughter of John Rhoads, the orig-

George, the present proprietor.

The people

and owner of the Andreas, or Nimson and a great-granddaughter of Martin Andreas, who came to America in 1749 and settled in Heidelberg township, Lehigh Co. Mrs. Nimson is still living, a resident of Lehighton, and owns the old homestead in East Penn, a sketch of which appears in this

in the vicinity of Pennsville are mostly

inal settler

Germans, and members of the Lutheran and German Reformed Churches. Religious services were held in the school-house for many years, and in 1851 the present church edifice was erected. The pastors who have ministered to the Lutheran congregation are as follows Revs. E. A. Bauer, D. K. Kepner, and Gustave

farm,

volume.

:

A. Breugel, the present pastor. The Rev. Charles J. Eichenberg served the

Charles H. Nimson, the only child of A. B. and

Hannah

German

May

Reformed many years, and was succeeded by the Rev. Abraham Bartholomew, who is the present pastor.

The schools of the

7^3

(Andreas) Nimson, was born in East Penn,

19, 1834,

and received

his early ed-iication in the

old stone school-house near by his home.

When

six-

teen years of age he was placed in a drug-store in

village are treated of in the

history of the schools of the township.

Philadelphia. 1

i

In 1852 he was employed as a clerk at

the old Lehigh Furnace, and from that time onward

he has been

identified with the iron interests of the In 1855 he returned to the scenes of his early boyhood, and became identified with the management of the East Penn Furnace and Forge. The same

valley.

j

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. CHARLES

H.

year he was elected on the Democratic ticket as the surveyor of Carbon County. In 1857 he bought the Pennsville Forge from the Balliet estate, and a year

NIMSON.

Prior to relating in outline the

life

of the

man

whose name forms the caption of this sketch, we will present a few facts concerning his father, who was also A. B. Nima well-known citizen of Carbon County. son was born Aug. 15, 1805, at Delmenhurst, in the grand duchy of Oldenberg, Germany, and was the son of Peter Numsen, a merchant, and his wife, Sophia Meendsen. He came to Philadelphia with his parents in infancy, and his boyhood was spent in that city, Baltimore, and in the counties of Northampton and Berks, in this State. He was employed as a clerk at the iron-works in different localities in

the northern part of the latter county while yet quite

young, and later had charge of the Quincy Furnace, It was then, about 1827, that in Schuylkill County.

Mr. Nimson became a resident of East Penn township, Carbon Co., from the border of which the furnace was not more than half a mile distant. Having obtained a very fair education, he was enabled to fill the position of teacher for the neighborhood, and he

gave instruction in music but these employments were only occasionally followed, and were sub-

also

sidiary to that at the furnace.

;

From

1837 to 1852 his

time and attention were divided between farming and merchandising, and from 1852 until his death, in 1869, he was chiefly occupied with public affairs, serving five terms as register and recorder of deeds, and also filling the oflices of auditor and commissioner's clerk. He was an active, enterprising man, possessing the unqualified confidence of his fellow-citizens, and meriting it by his conduct in every station of life to which

he was called. In politics he was a stanch and lifelong Democrat. Mr. Nimson married, July 29, 1829, Hannah Andreas (born Aug. 1, 1810), daughter of Jacob and

later, in association

with Solomon Boyer, purchased

the East Penn Furnace, which the firm carried on until 1860. Mr. Nimson then went to Lehigh County, where he assumed a responsible position with the Ironton Railroad Company, and soon after became the general manager of the company's railroad and mines. In 1863, in connection with his former duties,

he took charge of the Roberts Iron Company's Furr naces at Allentown, to which a year later abandoning the management of the road and mines he devoted

—

—

He

continued in the position of general superintendent with responsibilities constantly enlarging as other iron establishments from time to time were consolidated by merger with the Roberts his entire attention.

Iron-Works, and now occupies that office with the Allentown Rolling Mill, which is the outcome of the aggregation. During the period of his connection with this extensive institution, large as have been his labors and responsibilities, his attention, has not been exclusively claimed by it, but he has been interested in or engaged in managing various furnaces, rollingr mills, forges,

and mining operations, demanding in

the aggregate the constant exercise of a very uncom-

mon

executive ability.

Mr. Nimson was maiTied, Dec. 25, 1853, to Elmira S. Hallman, daughter of Dr. Jesse J. Hallman, and granddaughter of Stephen Balliet, Sr., the pioneer ironmaster of the region. Two children were the Alger and Emma S. (maroffspring of this union, ried to Miles L. Eckert, of Allentown, Dec. 5, 1876. Mr. Nimson and family reside at the old homestead

—

in East Penn.

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

724

and one wounded

CHAPTEB, XIV.

The few remaining

in the affray.

I

inhabitants of the region

fled.^

I

FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP.

The territory that is now embraced in the township of Franklin was originally part of the old Towamensing township, and in 1841 became a part of Upper Towamensing, or Towamensing. It so remained until 1850, when at the January term of the Carbon County Court a petition was presented asking a division of the township. At the next term of court, held in April following, Thomas Kemerer, Thomas L. Foster, and A. B. Nimson were appointed commissioners to view the township, and if thought advisable to run division-lines and report thereon to for

the next court. The view was made, a line was run, and report made at the June term, but for some reason not mentioned in the minutes the report was On the 5th of October the same year set aside. (1850), the subject was again brought to the notice of

the court, and an amendment was ordered. What action was taken is not stated, but under date of the 2d of January, 1851, the following record occurs in

the minutes

:

"

The

Early Settlers.— The

I

court confirm absolute and

name

the new township Franklin." It is bounded on the north by the Pocono Mountain, which divides it from the township of Penn Forest, on the east by Towamensing, on the south by Lower Towamensing, and on the west by the Lehigh

earliest

permanent

settlers in

the limits of what is now Franklin township were, without doubt, the Solt family, who settled on land part of which is now owned by Mrs. Maria Colton.

family John Solt was the father. In 1781 the names that appear on the assessment-roll are John John Jacob Solt Solt, Sr., David, Daniel, and John. lived on the farm now owned by Mrs. Maria Colton,

Of this

—

on Poho Poco Creek. He had sons, Jacob, Conrad, Peter, and Daniel, and daughters,— Eve (Mrs. David Shafer), Susan (Mrs. Daniel Arner), Polly (Mrs. Conrad Solt), Betsey (Mrs. Jacob Swank), Maria (Mrs. Daniel Solt). Jacob settled on part of the old homestead, and died He left two in 1882 at the age of eighty-six years. Isaiah and Reuben. They are both living in sons, the township. Two daughters, Sarah (Mrs. Franklin Klotz), and Elizabeth (Mrs. John Hill),—both

—

—

live in the township.

Conrad remained unmarried, and died many years ago.

Peter lived on part of the homestead farm. He married Eva Grover, a sister of Andrew Grover, now They had one son, Henry, who living at Weissport. lived for a time on the homestead.

River. The Poho Poco Creek rises in Towamensing township, flows westwardly through Franklin, and at a point southeast from Weissport turns abruptly and

Daniel lived near the homestead, and died there. His son, Charles, is in the township. Daniel Solt, who married Maria Solt, was a son of Paul Solt, who was one of the brothers of John Jacob. They had a son, Stephen Solt, who is now living and

runs nearly parallel with the river for some distance,

is

and

enters

township

is

the Lehigh River at Parryville.

uneven, but

is

The

well adapted to agricul-

tural pursuits.

—

An

Indian Atrocity. About the middle of the century a few families settled within the limits of this township, but all removed a few years later when the Indians exhibited their fierce enmity towards the last

whites along the border. family,

who became

Among them

the victims of a

was the Hoeth

little

war-party

December, 1755. The house of Frederick Hoeth, which stood twelve miles east of the site of Weissport, was stealthily visited by five Indians while the family were at supper. They fired a volley through the door and window, killing Hoeth and wounding a woman. The other adult inmates rushed out and sought safety in flight and concealment. Mrs. Hoeth hid in the bake-house, to which the Indians immediately applied fire. Enduring the heat and smoke in

as long as she could, the unfortunate

woman

finally

rushed out, and to relieve her agony leaped into the water. There she died, either from her burns or by drowning. The Indians had, in the mean time, set fire to

flames.

the veteran school-teacher of the township, having taught for over thirty years. Daniel Ticebaugh married a daughter of Paul Solt. John Arner was of the family who came into Towamensing soon after the Revolution, and settled on

now owned by Benjamin Peter. He lived and died here, and left sons, Daniel and Jacob, and daughter Susan (Mrs. Jacob Snyder), and Mrs. Moore, of Conyngham Valley, near Hazleton. Daniel married Susan, the daughter of John Jacob Solt, and moved to Weissport about 1827, where he settled about the time the village was laid out. He was a carpenter and builder. He died there about 1853,

the farm

—

sixty-one years of age. Jost Driesbach was also of an old family

man

the house, and three children perished in the

A grown-up daughter was

killed

who came

township before 1800. He settled on the Poho Poco Creek, below the land of Jacob Housknecht, and died there, leaving a son, Peter, who settled on the homestead, and whose son, Dennis, now owns the property. Mrs. Samuel Hartman, Mrs. Daniel Wentz, and Mrs. William Kern were daughters of Jost Driesbach, and all resided in the township. Mrs. Hart-

to the

is still

Leonard

living.

Beltz, a native of Franklin,

married Miss

and scalped,

and several others taken as captives into the Indian country to the northward. One Indian was killed

1

Provincial Records, vol.

History of Carbon County.

v

.

p. 332.

See the opening chapter of the

;

FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP. E. Boyer, daughter of Frederick Boyer, and settled on land near Parry ville, where he kept a hotel, and finally

His wife died

at the age of one hundred and Their children were, Nicholas, Peter, Jacob, John, Eli, Frank, Thomas, Susan, Mary, Molly, and Elizabeth. The old farm is now Parryville. Nicholas settled there, and his daughters, Mrs. Lenoyer and Mrs. Mowry, now live in the village.

died.

—

five years, in 1867.

Peter, now ninety years of age, is living with Jacob Hoyt, his son-in-law. He owned a farm above Maria Furnace.

Jacob settled in Northampton County, near LockJohn settled in Mahoning township. A daughter, Mrs. A. Arner, lives on the farm he owned. Frank settled in this township, and a son, John F., port.

now

County.

Thomas lives in Mahoning township. Squire

H. A. Beltz, of Lehighton, is his son. Susan (Mrs. Samuel Nunemacher), and Mary (Mrs. Jonathan Haines) live in Parry ville, and Elizabeth (Mrs. Daniel Bloss) near the town, while Molly (Mrs. Joseph Beck) resides in Illinois.

George Walk about 1800 settled on Saw-Mill Creek, where he built a saw-mill and carried on lumbering many years. The place is now owned by Edward Sensinger. He had five sons, George, Thomas, Solomon, Simon, and Daniel. George settled above Little Gap Thomas on the homestead Simon above Weissport; Daniel at Pine Run. Of two daughters, Elizabeth became the wife of Charles Stetler, and

—

;

;

Jonah Markley. Jacob Housknecht was a land-holder here in 1781, The his farm including the site of Maria Furnace. Caroline of

land passed into possession of his son, Martin, 1826 sold a part of

it

to

David Heinbach.

who

in

Little is

now known of the original owner. A number of families came into the township about 1812-15, but they cannot properly be called early settlers.

Schools.'

of Germany), the former being

— From

information gathered from the it appears

of Franklin township,

oldest residents

that previous to the year 1822 there were no schools Prior to that in what now comprises the township.

year the children attended school kept on the site of In that year (1822)

the old Gnadenhiitten Mission.

opened on the site of the present No. 7 school-house, and near the old Hoeth homestead. It was conducted entirely in German, and t.aught by Lewis Schnell the only books used were the A, B, C Book, the Psalter, and the Bible. In 1827 the school was removed three miles south, to the homestead of the Rev. Charles Eichenberg, and kept in the old stone building, still standing, and now used as a residence. At this place the school in the township was held The until the present school system was adopted. teachers at tBis place were respectively James Keener (a

Pennsylvania German) and John '

By

Professoi- J. F. Snyder.

Keifer (a native

well

remembered

erected in Weissport.

The township has

Nos.

at present ten schools.

1,

and 8 occupy the building at East Weissport. This school was organized in 1851 and a school-house erected, which was replaced by the present building in 1867. The schools combined number one hundred and fifty pupils. School-house No. 3 was originally built in 1847. The present building was erected on its site in 1878. 2,

Fifty pupils are in attendance.

School No. 4 was organized in 1866, and the present building was bought from a board of church trustees, it

having been erected in 1842.

This school numbers

fifty-three pupils.

School No. lic

5.

— This location

is

where the

school in the county was opened in 1836.

log house was torn

down

in 1860,

building erected in that year.

The

first

pub-

The

old

and the present

school has a

mem-

bership of sixty-five.

School-house No. 6 is located not far from where the second pay school-house was built, and the disThe old building was used trict was formed in 1851. it was replaced by the present brick about three-quarters of a mile farther There are in attendance at this east, at Beltzville. school an average attendance of forty pupils. No. 7 school-house stands nearly on the site of the

until 1861, edifice,

when

which

is

school-house that was built in 1822. The first public school building was erected here in 1854, and was in use till the erection of the present school building in

Forty pupils are in attendance. School No. 9 was organized in 1879, and has thirty-

1880.

a school was

;

still

good disciplinarian and laying much stress on having the children commit to memory prayers and hymns, which were regularly repeated before recitations. The schools were entirely German. The public school law passed in 1834, and in 1836 it was accepted by Towamensing township, of which this was a part. A log school-house was erected by the citizens without taxation nearly on the site of school-houae No. 5. The logs were furnished by Daniel Zolt ('^olt), having been taken from an old building which was erected before the Revolution. This school was also entirely German, and taught by Mr. Stein. The second public school building was as a

Elizabeth removed to Schuylkill

here.

lives

725

four pupils.

School No. 10 was established in 1883, and has a roll

of seventy-four pupils.

The oldest teacher in the township is Stephen Solt, who has taught over thirty years almost exclusively Franklin township. Following is a list of the names of school directors who have served since the organization of the townin

ship

:

—

Lewis Weiss, Walter Leisenring, one year David Bowman, Ashbury Gilham, two years James Brown, Peter Krum, three years. 1852. Joseph Wintermuth, Levi Wentz. 1851.

;

—

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

726

— Daniel Wentz, John DeLong. 1854. — Charles A. German, Charles Stedler. 1853.

—George W. Staples, Henry Smith. — James Anthony, Jonathan Fincher. 1857. — Henry Boyer, Josiah Euch. 1855.

1856.

1858.— John Schwab, M. W. Raudenbush, James

W.

Heberling.

—

James Brown, C. Snyder. I860.— Henry Boyer, D. H. Dreisbach, Peter Krum, James Anthony. 1861. David Beltz, Edward Sensinger. 1862.— D. H. Dreisbach, G. Laury. 1863. Joseph Thomas, Henry Boyer. 1864. Edward Sensinger, David Held. 1865. Cornelius Snyder, David Beltz. 1866. Dennis Bauman, Lewis Weiss. 1867.— J. M. Roberts, Edward Rober. 1868. Daniel Sensinger, Samuel Boyer. 1869.— C. J. Eichenberg, Stephen Best. 1870.— Solomon Walk. 1871.— W. H. Whitehead, Robert Anthony. 1872. Jacob Ziegenfuss, Simeon Walk. 1873. Solomon Weaver, Reuben Boyer. 1874. David Beltz, Abraham Henry. 1875. Simeon Walk, Robert Anthony. 1876. Cornelius Rang, Solomon Walk. 1877. Josiah Ruch, George Senchel. 1878. Tilghraan Dreisbach, Robert Anthony. 1879. Jacob Straub, Solomon Walk. 1880.— Henry Miller, W. C. Weiss. 1881. Robert Anthony, Sr., Tilghman Dreisbach. 1882.— J. E. Freeman, J. E. Beltz, Neal Brisbin. 1883.— J. P. Snyder, Henry Miller. 1859.

—

— — — —

— —

— — — — —

— — —

Maria Furnace.- On the

14th of April, 1826,

David Heimbach, the elder, of Upper Milford township, Lehigh Co., purchased two tracts of land in Towamensing township (now Franklin), oneof eightysix acres of Martin Housknecht, and another of fortythree and a half acres of Henry Thomas. He built the furnace called " Hampton," in Lehigh County, in the year 1809. In 1817 he and his son, David, built the " Clarissa" Forge on the Aquaschicola Creek. The next year after the purchase of this property on Poho Poco Creek he erected a furnace, which he named New Hampton, and placed his son, John, in charge of it. The same year David, his son, erected a furnace near the "Clarissa" Forge. John Heimbach retained the charge of the New Hampton Furnace till

his death, in 1834.'

changed from New Hampton to Maria, in honor of Paul Miller, the son of William, was placed On the 2d of November, in charge of the furnace. the same year, William Miller conveyed one-half of the furnace property to John V. R. Hunter. The business was continued by this firm until Nov. 14, 1838, when it was sold to Thomas M. Smith and his wife.

Thomas

S.

Richards, ironmasters, of Philadelphia,

and Samuel Richards was chosen as superintendent. This firm purchased two thousand four hundred and twenty-eight acres of wild land in the vicinity. the 18th of March, 1841,

Thomas

On

Richards con-

S.

veyed his interest in the lands, forge, and furnace to Stephen Caldwell, also of Philadelphia. In the year 1845 the furnace was enlarged, and continued by Smith & Caldwell till 1850. (At this time there was at the place, in addition to forge and furnace, a company store and ten dwelling-houses.) In a year or two after this time it was leased to Samuel Balliet and Samuel B. Lewis, by whom it was operated till Jan. 1, 1859, when it was blown out, and its fires have never again been relighted. The land on which it was situated is now owned by Edward Rober and Joseph Anthony. In the year 1849, James and Daniel Laury erected a forge on Pine Run, near its entrance into Poho Poco Creek. It was carried on but a few years. The property is

now owned by

Following

is

a

list

C. Radetz.

of the names of farmers given in

the assessment-roll at the time the township of Frank-

was set off in 1851 Daniel Arner, Jr., J. D. Bauman, Jr., Charles Belford, Charles Blohs, James Brown, Alexander Bean, Peter Dreisbach, Simon Dreisbach, lin

:

John Grover, Daniel Krum, Peter Krum, Peter Klotz, Peter Rainer, John Solt, Sr., Thomas Stout, Daniel Solt,

Thomas

Straub, Peter Solt, Daniel Wentz.

Justices of the Peace.

names of the

— Following

justices of the

peace

is

a

elected since the organization of the township

Edmund

of the

list

who have been :

Neif, 1851.

Henry Boyer,

1852.

William Kern, 1854. William H. Knauss, 1855.

Henry Boyer,

Jr., 1857.

D. H. Dreisbach, 1859.

Stephen

Solt, 1861.

Henry Boyer, Daniel Wentz, Henry Boyer, Daniel Wentz,

1862.

1867.

Joseph Young, 1868.

John V. R. Hunter and Obadiah Weaver were administrators of the estate of David Heimbach, the elder. On the 23d of April, 1836, he conveyed the property to William Miller, by whom the name was

J. Z.

Bagenstoe, 1872.

0. A. Rives, 1873.

Henry Campbell,

1874.

Isaac Bagenstoe, 1877.

Webster C. Weiss, 1879. In 1830, David Hoiniljach, the elder, sold the Hampton Furnace and moved to Allentown, where he died in the early part of the year 1834. David and John, his two sons, went to the funeral. After their return 1

they were attacked by typhoid fever, and died at their respective homos,— one at night, the other on the morning of the next day,— David at file Clarissa

Furnace, and John at the

New Hampton

Furnace.

Henry Campbell, 1881. The boroughs of Weissport and

Parryville are within the limits of this township. Their histories are treated separately, and will be found elsewhere. Rickettsville. For many years the land on which

—

:

KIDDER TOWNSHIP. was owned by Joseph WinIn 1864 he sold eight acres to Emanuel Reinhart, who sold two lots, and in 1865 sold the remainder, to J. K. Ricketts (now of Weiasport), who made a plot and sold a number of lots, upon which dwellings were eTected. The principal cause that induced building at this place was the

this settlement is located

termuth,

who was

a brick-maker.

character of the ground,

it

being higher than the sur-

rounding country and not liable to devastation such Weissport a few years previous. Within a mile of the settlement is situated a church

as occurred in

727

forming a new township from the northern part of Penn Forest, which resulted in the following action of the court of Carbon County at its March term, 1849: "

And

now, March

7,

1849, the court order

cree that the said township of

and de-

Penn Forest be divided

according to the report of the commission, 'and that a new township, being the upper part of said township,

be called and designated by the name of Kidder who was then

township," after Judge Luther Kidder,

by its pastors, was erected near the settlement in 1878, and dedicated June 21st in that year. On the main road running east and west through the township and near the Poho Poco Creek are two chapels, St. Paul's Lutheran and German Reformed and that of the Evangelical Association. St. Paul's was erected in 1841, and at first was under charge of the Rev. Charles Mendson, and in 1850 the Rev. Charles J. Eichenbach was pastor. It is a chapel of the church of that denomination in Weissport, and

on the bench. Kidder township is bounded on the east by Tobyhanna Creek and Monroe County, on the north and west by Lehigh River, and on the south by Mud Run, which separates it from Penn Forest. In the western part are several ponds, Mud Pond, Moses Wood Pond, Big Pond, Round Pond, and Grass Lake. Moses Woo^ and Mud Ponds are the sources of Black Creek, which flows easterly, and empties into The the Lehigh River below Lehigh Tannery. streams from the others flow westerly, and join the Tobyhanna. Dilltown Creek and Muddy Run, forming the southern boundary, flow westerly, and join the Lehigh River. Hickory Run rises in the high uncultivated lands in the central part of the township, flows southwesterly, and empties into the Lehigh. The greater portion of the township is unculIts timber is cut ofi', and it will eventually tivated. be cultivated, but not for many years. Farmers are yet' very few who have cultivated more than a few

supplied by

acres of land.

edifice of

the Evangelical Church Association.

corner-stone was laid

June

at

same

year.

Weissport, and

is

and completed at and dedicated August

29, 1879,

a cost of one thousand dollars, 10th, the

The

It is a chapel of the association

supplied by the minister of that

A

Sunday-school comprising one hundred and twenty-five pupils is connected with the chapel. A chapel under the charge of the Lutheran and

church.

German Reformed Church

its

of Weissport, and served

ministers.

The Evangelical Chapel, near

A

was

built

supplied from the Parryville Circuit. at present under the charge of the Rev. A. Kindt. little settlement known as Walksville is in the

in 1870, It is

St. Paul's,

and

is

northeast part of the township, on a branch of the

Poho Poco Creek.

Several years sinc% the Prince

Works were

located at the place, flourished

Paint

—

The first assessment-roll of Kidder township was made in 1849. The large tracts of land at that time belonged to the following persons: Evan Morris, 1346 acres. Warner, McKean & Co., 1500 acres.

Mahlon K. Taylor, 5000 acres. William Tumbeson & Co., 500

acres.

&

David Beltz built a hotel and store at the same place, both of which he conducted, and has continued to the

Warner, 800 acres. Samuel D. Stryker, 1200 acres. D. & R. Serfass, 1000 acres. Serfass & Newhard, 640 acres. Noll & Steckel, 432 acres. Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company, 1386 acres

present time.

John Kelsey, 622

Taylor

a few years, and were removed.

At the locality known as Beltzville, John Bauman many years ago erected a hotel, at which the elections for old Towamensing township were held. Later

acres.

George Hollenbech, 3299

CHAPTER

XV.

KIDDER TOWNSHIP.

The

territory of

from Tobyhanna

Penn Forest township was taken while it was a part of Mon-

in 1842,

was taken off to form a part of Carbon County. It was one vast tract of pine and hemlock timber. Large bodies of the land had been purchased, upon which capitalists were erecting mills and manufacturing lumber. In the fall of 1848 agitation was commenced of the project of roe County.

The next year

after it

acres.

John Hawk, 860 acres. David Hawk, 400 acres. I.

&

S.

Gould, 3300 acres.

Conrad Dreisbach, 760

acres.

Thomas Dreisbach & Co., 1600 acres. Thomas Craig, 250 acres. The persons who were assessed in

that year as

having mills were as follows Stephen Decatur, double saw-mill. Lug. Maxwell, double saw-mill and wharf. Josiah Metlack, double saw-mill. W. Robertson, double saw-mill and wharf. Warner, McKean & Co., double saw-mill.

:

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

728 Lucius

Blokeltz,

saw-mill

and

ferryman,

East

Haven.

Thomas Craig, saw-mill. Abram Helisend, saw-mill. Solomon Gangwere, saw-mill. George Lehman, three saw-mills,

not again rebuilt. store-house, eight

dwelling-houses, steam-mill, and wharf.

John

Starbirt, saw-mill

West, a blacksmith, a daughter of Isaac Gould, and a Mr. Crawford. The bodies were all recovered with the exception of one of the children. The mill was

and wharf. wharf

The second mill on Hickory Run from the mouth was built by Heckman & Auble, who purchased their land of M. K. Taylor. They had a double mill and a lath- and paling-mill. This property later came to

Jost Johnson, saw-mill and

the Goulds.

Joseph Serfass, saw-mill. D. & R. Serfass, saw-mill and wharf D. Nyhart Serfass, saw-mill and wharf Jonathan Jacob, three saw-mills and wharf.

Next on the run, and above the Heckman & Auble and Samuel Gould owned a tract of three thousand three hundred acres, which in later years was largely increased. Here they erected four mills, two on the run and two on Sand Spring Run, a fork mill, Isaac

David Saylor, three saw-mills. Jacob Eyerly, inn, saw-mill, and wharf Yardly, Post & Childs, paling-mill. Men who were assessed as lumbermen carrying on business in 1849 David Jacob Hunter, John Kelsey, :

James King, William Leonard, Jonathan Passley, Joseph Serfass, Daniel and Reuben Serfass, William Tucker, J. W. Lessler, Samuel J. Tombleson, George Winterstein, Butler and Cornelius Cortwright, Josiah A. Cole, Stephen and Edward Clark, James Cole, John Corly, Thomas Driesbach & Co., Oliver and Thomas Driesbach, Jackson Durran, John, Isaac, and Stephen Gould, David and John Hawk. Early Roads. A State road ran through the township from Emmetsburg to White Haven before it became a township. The action of the Carbon County court in reference to a road was in March, 1845, when

—

made for a. road leading from the Wilkesbarre turnpike, near the house of Christian George, to the store of Mahlon K. Taylor, at the a petition was

mouth of Hickory Run. The following is an account of the

early business

township as far as can be ascertained Hickory Run.— Before 1843, Mahlon K. Taylor, of Bucks County, owned six thousand three hundred and ninety-four acres of land about the mouth of Hickory Run, where he had a store and wharf He soon after sold one thousand acres to Israel Day and Samuel interests of the

Saylor, of Easton,

who

gangs of saws, a single

These were all single mills, with lathand paling-mill to each one. Tenement-houses were erected. A store was opened, a post-office established, and a Methodist Church and school were erected. About one hundred men were employed in their work, which was continued till the timber was exhausted. The firm was dissolved, and Stephen Gould retained the business. After his death, and in 1878, the property passed to Albert Lewis & Co., of Bear Creek. At that time A. J. Brodbead took the store and post-office, which were continued till the summer of of Hickory.

Frederick Bates, saw-mill.

erected a large mill with two mill, planing-mill, lath-

and

and a bark-mill. In 1855 they erected on the hill a large boarding-house, capable of accommodating about one hundred and fifty men, who were paling-mill,

In the November following Owen Eckert, staLehigh Valley Railroad Company at Hickory Run, was appointed postmaster, and the office is now kept at the station. 1883.

tion agent of the

Above the Gould mill, in hundred and twenty-two

six

The property now belongs

to T. Dorney, of Allentown. In 1867 a sash- and blind-factory was built on Sand

1868, to

Run by Stephen Donner, and was sold, in William Birny, who ran it till after 1875,

when

was torn down.

Spring it

1852, J. & J. Blakslee purchased a mill propabove Serfass', on Sand Spring Run. The Methodist Church that was erected on Hickory

About erty

pastors

They were then run

Brice Hughes,

the timber on their lands about 1878 they were abandoned. The property now belongs to Alexander B. Allen, of Flemington, N. J. Mahlon K. Taylor & Co. owned a tract of land above Saylorsville, on which they built a mill. A large

dam which

till

in

supplied the mill was swept away and in the rush of waters seven lives were lost,— the wife and four children of Jacob

by a

freshet in 1847,

John Kelly owned

acres of land, on which

he had, in 1850, a double mill. In the great fire of 1876 the mill, house, and barn were destroyed, and in 1878 Mr. Kelly sold the property to Isaac Butz. Daniel and Reuben Serfass in 1849 owned one thousand acres on Sand Spring Run, a fork of Hickory, above the Guld land. They erected two single mills and lath-, paling-, and shingle-mills, which, in 1866, were sold to Blakslee & Gillick. The mills were destroyed by the fire of 1876, and not again rebuilt.

at work in the woods and in the mills. Two double houses were also built. In the spring of 1865 they were destroyed by fire, and rebuilt the same year.

was exhausted, and

1849,

Run

been in charge of the following Revs. Bonford, Dunning, King, Bird, and

has, since 1878, :

who

is

now

in charge.

Saylorsville, on the main stream of Hickory Run, above the Gould land, was bought from M. K. Taylor

& Saylor, who erected mills there, which were long since abandoned. There are now two of their dwellings at the place, and the wintergreen distillery by Day

of

Hawk &

Botter.

Leonardsville to-day contains two or three dwellings and a distillery owned by Benjamin Krege.

KIDDER TOWNSHIP. 1850, John Burk was owner of a tract of land and had erected a saw-mill. In 1876 there were at the place one steam saw-mill and one run by water, and twelve dwellings. They were all destroyed by the great fire of that year. The place was named after William Leonard, who was foreman for John Burk from the commencement of the work there. Bridgeport— In the year 1856, Keck, Childs & Co. erected a saw-mill on the banks of the Lehigh River, a short distance above Lehigh Tannery, having a capacity of cutting yearly two and one-half million feet of lumber. They purchased three thousand two hundred and ninety-nine acres of land of George M. Hollenbeck, who had previously erected and run a saw-mill at the mouth of Hays' Creek. About 1870, Day & Saylor built a steam saw- mill at Bridgeport, which was run till 1872, when it was sold to Davis, McMurtry & Co., who ran it till 1880, when it was destroyed by fire. The site is now occupied by the mill of the Pioneer Kindling-Wood Company. A

729

About

and a few dwellings.

there,

Valley Railroad.

Mud Run road, at the

is

It

is

a station on the Lehigh

a station on the Lehigh Valley Railof Mud Run W. Slocum, the

mouth

a post-office.

J.

Creek, and also has station agent,

is

the

postmaster.

Lehigh Tannery,

—

Soon after the purchase of the by Keck, Childs & Co., Thomas Smull & Co. purchased of them the land on which the settlement of Lehigh Tannery is located, and erected a tannery building four hundred and fifty feet in length, which, in 1860, was increased to six hundred and eighty feet, making it then the largest tanlarge tract of land

nery in this country. Eighty thousand hides are tanned per year at this establishment. A store and hotel or boardiug-house

and dwellings were

also erec-

on the Lehigh Valley Railroad. Albrightsville. The property on which this settlement is located was part of the Brotzman tract, and passed to George Weaver, who owned it in 1839.

The tannery was operated by its builders several years and sold to Mr. Blakslee, who sold to C. P. Holcomb & Co. in 1865, who were in possession but a short time when the buildings were partially destroyed by fire. Repairs were made and work carried on under the name of this firm until the death of C. P. Holcomb, when I. M. Holcomb & Co. became the firm-name (1866). At this time a post-office was established, and kept by I. M. Holcomb until about

He

1875.

school-house

is

also in this settlement.

It is also a

station

—

sold

the greater portion of

& Vansickle

it

to

Aquilla Al-

Joseph Serfass bought twenty-five acres of Albright, and in 1844 erected the tavern-stand, which he kept till after 1850. William Getz was landlord in 1856, Jacob Christman in 1875, and Paul Eckert now keeps it. A post-office has been established there many years. David Snyder and Jacob Christman have been postmasters, and Paul Eckert is the present incumbent. Joseph Serfass started a store in a house adjoining the hotel, which was kept for many years. None is kept there now. The school-house was built in 1865 by people of the district (in both Kidder and Penn Forest townships, The old this having been made a joint district). building is now unused, a larger and more commodious school-house having been erected. The Lutherans organized a congregation in the place about 1873, which was supplied occasionally by The Rev. A. M. Strauss has charge of missionaries. it at present. Services were held in the school-house until 1883, when the new church edifice was combright

in 1840.

ted.

He

was succeeded by George Stemson, and

April 19, 1881, William F. Streeter, the present postmaster, was appointed.

Ice

The Methodists have

services in the school-house,

under the charge of the Rev. Bruce Hughes. The elections of the district are held at the hotel of

ice-

house with capacity of three thousand tons. Alfred Lewis, of Bear Creek, also has an ice-house at this place. The tannery was entirely destroyed by fire in 1875, and has not been rebuilt. Shortz, Lewis & Co., in the year 1866, erected a steam saw-mill at the foot of the dam, with a capacity of sawing from six to seven million feet of lumber annually. The logs were mostly supplied from Tobyhanna township. The mill was destroyed by fire in 1874,

and not

rebuilt.

Lehigh River at Lehigh Tannery was built by the county in 1867-68. A petition

The bridge

across the

was presented to Luzerne and Carbon County courts, which was granted, and report of viewers confirmed. Carbon County court confirmed their action Sept. 30, 1867.

East Haven.

— In

this place a saw-mill

pleted.

In 1875 the Knickerbocker

Company, of Philadelphia, erected here an

1849, Lucius

and a

Blakslee had at

ferry across the river.

Since the lumber has been cufofiF the place is of little It now contains a school-house and a

importance.

number of

dwellings.

Mud Run

Paul Eckert. Francis Wernetz has a saw-mill a short distance above the village, and William Getz has one below. Henry Deppe's saw- and grist-mill, on the other side of Mud Run, in Penn Forest township, is a shorter

is a station on the Lehigh Valley Railroad, and contains the depot and a post-office. J. W. Slocum is station agent and postmaster. On Mud

distance from the village.

hundred acres here, and built a mill below the present mill of Jacob Hawk. Daniel Hawk had four hundred acres and a mill at Buskirk Falls. John Hawk also built a mill about two miles below Al-

East Haven.

—In 1849, Lucius Blakslee owned and

ran a saw-mill at this place, and a ferry across the The Prutzman school-house is at this place.

river.

Run

there have been

Albrightsville.

many

mills,

In 1843, John

from

its

mouth

Hawk owned

to

seven

:

HISTOEY OF CAEBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

730

known

the Loch Mill, on land he

1879.

thought was his, but which -belonged to Serfass and Gangwere. Joseph Serfass owned six hundred acres along the run, and erected three mills. In 1875, Frederick Youndt owned a mill a short distance from

1880.

brightsville,

as

mouth of the stream. Long& Boilieu owned one about half-way from the mouth to Albrightsville. One was also owned by the Lehigh Grain, Coal, and Lumber Company, in the western part of the town-

Bisbing.

1883.— A. Campbell, W. H. Miller. The Justices of the Peace since the William Leonard, March, 1849.

on the stream flowing from Round Pond. Schools, There are seven school-houses, located as follows East Haven, Bridgeport, Hickory Run, Albrightsville, Lehigh Tannery, and two on the road from East Haven to Albrightsville. In 1878 the scholars attending school were two hundred and sixty-two. The total receipts for school purposes were $2294.62. Expenditures were $2085.99.

Josiah A. Cole, March, 1850.

—

Joseph Serfass, March, 1851. Henry A. Stark, March, 1852. Thomas Kelsey, March, 1853. William Wagner, March, 1854. Josiah A. Cole, March, 1855. William Mechler, March, 1856. Washington Frable, March, 1857. William Wagner, John Brugh, March, 1859. Philip Woodring, March, 1863. William Wagner, March, 1864. John D. Harris, March, 1867. William Wagner, March, 1869. Jacob S. Hawk, Alex. S. Gould, March, 1872. William F. Steeter, J. F. Hawk, March, 1877. A. P. Ciarter, J. S. Hawk, March, 1882.

:

The following is a list of the school directors of the township since its organization 1849. Lewis Billings, Jacob West, James W. Searles, W. Leonard, David Hill, John Kelsey. 1850. Phineas Dreisbach, David Hawk. :

—

— —Josiah A. Cole, George Crosley. 1852. — Joseph Serfass, Daniel Serfass. 1851.

Eandolph,

— Adam Eough, Phineas Dreisbach.

1854.

1855.— Philip Woodring, T. C. Eandolph, Timothy H. Weiss. 1856. Adam Eough, Jacob Alteman, John Gould, David Baggs, William J. Nicholson. 1857.— William Mocher, David Hawk. 1858.— Philip Shoch, Pliilip Woodring, James W. Adams. 1859.— Stoddard Driggs, Joseph Serfass, David

The present business .interests of the township, as obtained from the assessment-roll of 1883, are as follows:

Frable, George

T. L.

—

Hawk.

organization

of the township have been as follows

ship,

C.

—

George H. Stimson, William H. Eauch. 1882.— J. D. Woodring, William F. Steeter, Amos

1881.

the

1853,.— Timothy Frable, Theodore Henry German.

—William F. Steeter, Josiah Lower. — Joseph Heimbach, Edw. Transue.

McKeen &

Co.,

steam saw-mill.

& Lehigh Lumber Company, steam saw-

Tobyhanna

mill, located in the east part of the township, on the stream that takes its rise in Eound Pond. Pioneer Kindling- Wood Company,- at Bridgeport.

Knickerbocker Ice Company, at Lehigh Tannery. Jacob S. Hawk, saw- and paling-mill, Albrightsville.

I860.— Jackson Fackenthal, David Hawk. 1861.— Philip Woodring, William Mocher. 1862.— Eeuben Young, M. Brockley, John Blakslee. 1863.— P. H. Gillick, William Wagner, John Blakslee.

1864.— Philip Woodring, J. Watson. 1865.— No record. 1866.— William Wagner, John Blakslee. 1867.— J. G. Hutmocher, J. D. Woodring. 1868. David Hawk, John Everts. 1869.— William Wagner, Eeuben Kolb. 1870.— J. G. Woodring, J. G. Woodmacher. 1871.— William F. Steeter, Jacob Hawk, Harrison

—

Kimble.

1872.— A. S. Gould, William Eauch. 1873.— William F. Steeter, Jacob Smith. 1874.— Alex. Campbell, J. S. Hawks. 1875.— William Eauch, A. S. Gould, William F. Steeter.

1876.— William F. Steeter. 1877.— J. S. Hawk, Edw. Transue, Leonard Shaffer. 1878.— William Eauch, Jos. Heimbacli, George M. Stimson.

Francis Wernetz, saw- and paling-mill, Albrightsville.

Joseph Meckes, saw-mill. Distilleries.

'—William H.

Blakslee,

Campbell, Charles Dutton, T. H.

Hawk, Hickory Eun

fernes

;

&

Jacob

J.

S.

Alexander Dorney, Le-

Hawk,

Al-

brightsville.

The population of the township, as given by the census of 1880, was in the North Kidder District 661, and

in the South District 546, making a The Great Fire of 1875.'— On the

May,

in 1875, a fire broke out near

total of 1207.

14th day of

Mud

Eun, and burned slowly until the 22d, when a strong wind commenced to blow from the west, and in less than two hours the fire swept from Francis Youndt's mill di-

up Mud Eun, a distance of ten miles, destroying mills, houses, logs, timber, and standing trees. The estimated losses were: John Eckert, mills, house, rectly

lumber, and logs, $7000; Josiah Kunkle, mill and 1

The

distilleries

for the essential

Many

were

for the distilling of

wintergreen and black birch

oil.

have swept over part of the township and caused great destruction, but none as great as the one here mentioned. »

fires

THE BOROUGH OF LEHIGHTON. & Serfass, mills, 110,000; David Snyder, $12,000; Francis Wernert, $12,000. Long & house, $4000; Getz

Boileau's mills were saved; logs, feet

loss

on 500,000

feet of

Hawk's mills were saved,— 20,000 of sawed lumber and 150,000 feet of logs were $4000.

burned;

loss,

J. S.

$2500.

Much

other valuable property

The fire swept eastward County, and did much damage there.

was destroyed.

into

Monroe

731

year 1814, Nicholas Fuller erected a tavern near the bridge, and kept it many years. Before 1820, David

Heller built a tannery on the site of the Linderman About this time ( 1820) the settlement attracted the attention of John Davis, who erected a building block.

on the site of the present residence of Joseph Obert, and opened a store. From this time on the growth of the settlement was slow, until the building of the canal through this region, in 1828-29. Efforts were

made

at this time to induce persons to locate at this

A correspondent of the Lehigh Courier, then published at Mauch Chunk, writing of the place in place.

CHAPTER

XVI.

March, 1830, says,— " It is just far enough from the

THE BOROUGH OF LEHIGHTON.

Mauch Chunk is

The

southwest part of the borough of Lehighton was occupied by the GnadenhUtten Mission, an account of which will be found in the history of the township of Mahoning, and in the first chapter of the history of Carbon County. The original town plot was part of a large tract of land which, in 1794,

was owned by

Jacob Weiss and William Henry, and in that year the town plot was laid out. A few years ago, when the question of erecting a agitated, it

square.

new school-house was being

was suggested that

it

be built on the town

As the idea prevailed that the square could

not legally be used for that purpose, best to obtain legal advice, 1873,

it was thought and on the 17th of May,

Henry Green, an attorney of Easton,

opinion on the subject.

From

delivered an

this opinion are obtained

Mr. Green was owned by Jacob Weiss and William Henry, and that a plot of ground was laid out at their instance with streets, alleys, and a facts

concerning the origin of Lehighton.

says that the land in 1794

square called the "

on them

all.

A

town square," with

number

lots

bordering

of conveyances of lots were

made between 1794 and 1800, which were described as bordering on the " town square," which was reserved for

public use.

those

first

No knowledge

is

obtained of

who

purchasers were.

In the year 1804 the bridge was built across the Lehigh River at Jacob Weiss' mill, and the road continued from the bridge up the river, through the narrows, to the place later so well

known as the " Land-

ing Tavern," and in this year the

Lehigh and Susque-

hanna Turnpike Company was incorporated. After Broad Mountain, and a route was opened across the mountains to Berwick, on the Susquehanna River, the tide of travel was turned in this direction, and along the route taverns were opened. The first in this vicinity was presided over by John Hagenbuch, who came from Siegfried's Ferry (now known as Siegfried's Bridge), in Northampton County, in the year 1809. This tavern was on the site of the present Exchange Hotel. John Hagenbuch was landlord for many years, and was succeeded by his son, Reuben Hagenbuch. Mrs. Thomas Craig, of Towamensing, was a daughter of John Hagenbuch. In the the road was built over the

open and

to

free,

coal landing at keep clear of the dust, the situation the ground plot of the town is laid

out upon an elevated piece of table-land, the

lots

are

an extensive garden and yard to each The view from the town, although not ex-

large, affording

dwelling. tensive,

is

beautiful.

It

commands

a prospect of the

and canal, the valley in which the town of Weissport is located, the Blue Mountain in the distance, and the nearer view of the Mahoning Mountain and the Lehigh hills. The Mahoning Creek flows at the foot of the Mahoning Mountain, and empties into the Lehigh within half a mile of the village." The tannery that was started before 1820 was kept by David Heller till 1840, when he was succeeded by Stephen Kistler. It was torn away in 1870 to make room for the present Linderman Block. John Davis continued in the mercantile business in Lehighton till 1836, when he removed to Easton, and later was president of the Easton National Bank. He was succeeded in the business by David Snyder. The Moravians, of Bethlehem, who purchased in 1746 one hundred and twenty acres of land, on which the Gnadenhiitten Mission was established, still retained a portion of the land on which the Gnadenhiitten Cemetery is now situated, and about the year 1820 the society built a log school-house, which was in charge of one of their members sent up from Bethlehem. This school was attended by children from a region many miles in extent, on both sides of the river

river.

About the year 1825 a grist-mill was erected at the mouth of Mahoning Creek, and was operated by Daniel Snyder, who continued there many years. He was succeeded by John Koontz, who later sold the property to the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, who are still in possession. In 1859, Daniel Olewine purchased a portion of the Moravian land near the cemetery, and erected a tannery, which he conducted till 1873, when it was destroyed by fire. The property was purchased by B. J. Koontz, who erected the present buildings and continued the business. Hotels. The tavern opened by John Hagenbuch in 1809, of which mention has been made, was kept

—

by

his son,

Reuben, until 1843, when Peter Bauman

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

732

became the landlord, and continued till 1848, when the property was purchased by J. K. Wannemacher, who kept it from that time to 1862. It was then purchased by Thomas Kemerer, who sold it the next year to George Fegley, whose property, consisting of tavern, store, and other buildings, was destroyed at the place opposite Penn Haven, on the Lehigh River, by the Mr. Fegley remained who continued 1867, when he sold to Thomas Moutz,

by the Rev.

J.

other Sabbath.

who was to preach every For eleven years the church was

Darroch,

supplied by missionaries.

On

the 15th of February,

was reorganized by the Rev. Jacob Belville, of Mauch Chunk, and the Rev. Cornelius Earle, of 1872,

it

Catasauqua.

The congregation met

great freshet of January, 1862.

mitted into church fellowship.

a year or two, and sold to J. A. Horn,

Thomas Harleman were

at the hotel

were

till

who erected the Exchange now the landlord.

the present proprietor, Hotel, of which he

is

The tavern erected by Nicholas Feller in 1814 was kept by him many years, and passed to Christian Horn about 1840. He continued till 1855, and sold George Esch, to whose estate it still belongs. Abraham Horn, of Bethlehem, came to Lehighton in the year 1840, and built a tavern near the Lehighton Spring, and kept it till 1843, when his son-in-law, Thomas Horn, succeeded him. It was continued as a tavern a few years and abandoned. In the year 1842, Jacob Metzgar erected the hotel now known as the Carbon House, and opened it as a tavern under the sign of the Eagle. Upon his death, to

the property was sold to Adam German, and the hotel was kept by Abraham Klotz till

a few years

later,

1852. It was kept till 1858 by Daniel Clouss, Jonathan Kolb, Jesse Miller, and Elwyn Bauer. From 1858 to

1867, Col. eral

John Lentz was the

changes

Raudenbush,

proprietor.

After sev-

passed, in September, 1874, to J. the present proprietor. it

W.

Daniel Lapp opened a small store on one of the back streets about 1848, and later added a saloon and a tavern. The last was given up for several years,

and reopened by Samuel Snyder, «nd kept successively by Augustus Miller, Aaron Schleicker, Wily lough by Koontz, James Hill, and Fred. Miller. It was known as the Centennial Hotel, and was destroyed by fire in 1880. Between 1850 and 1855, Enos Barrol enlarged and fitted up a barn in the north end of the town for a tavern, which he kept from that time till 1867-68, when it was purchased by J. A. Horn, who refitted it as the " Farmers' and Drovers' Home.'' During the spring of 1879 it was destroyed by fire. Mr. Horn, in the summer and fall of that year, erected the Mansion House, near the depot of the Philadelphia

Reading Railroad.

and

He

remained its landlord till his death, in January, 1882. He was succeeded in the hotel by A. P. Clauas, who is the present proprietor. Presbyterian Church.— On the 24th of December,

number of persons gathered in a school-house Lehighton, a sermon was preached by the Rev. J.

1850, a at

A. Dodge, and eight persons were organized into a Presbyterian society, to be known as the " Gnadcuhutten Presbyterian Church of Lehighton,"

and

placed under the care of the Presbytery of Luzerne.

Samuel Kennedy was elected

as ruling elder.

The

congregation was to be supplied from the Presbytery

in

the Iron

Street School-House, and fourteen persons were ad-

Philip Miller and

elected ruling elders.

Efforts

once put forth to provide a suitable house of worship. A lot was procured, and the corner-stone" of a church building was laid with appropriate cereat

monies on the 29th of May, 1873. The work was carand on the 29th of March, 1874, services were held in the lecture-room and on the 7th of May, in the same year, the church was dedicated. The Rev. C. Earle, of Catasauqua, preached the dedicatory sermon. The Rev. H. F. Mason served the church as pastor from April 6, 1873, to April, 1874. He was succeeded by the Rev. John Carrington, July 4, 1875, who remained a few years and resigned, since which time the church has been without ried on with energy,

;

a pastor.

The cause that brought about the organization of a Presbyterian Church at Lehighton was the action of a Miss Frederika Miska, a native of Moscow, Poland. She came

to this country about 1825 or 1830, and purchased of the Moravians of Bethlehem two tracts of

land, embracing the site of the old Gnadenhiitten Mission, for which she agreed to pay five hundred dollars.

A

signed to a

mortgage was given, which

German

later

was

minister of Philadelphia.

as-

She

became convinced that it was her duty to build a church upon the site of the old mission, and made out a subscription-book and visited many places, and succeeded in raising five hundred dollars. The church which she contemplated, however, was never built.

A

Mr. George Douglass, of New York, presented her five hundred dollars, which was a sufficient sum to take up the mortgage against the property, for which she executed to him a trust deed, dated Nov. with

1,

and made him trustee for other which she was possessed, with the provision

1833, for the land,

assets of

that the avails of the property should be used for the construction of a church on the Gnadenhiitten

property for the use of a denomination of Christians called Presbyterians.

Under Mr. Douglass the cemewas opened in August, 1848, for public use. On the 29th of December, 1852, living in New York, so far away, he transferred the trust to Messrs. Mark Ilyndham, John Leisenring, Jonathan Simpson, Joseph H. Siewers, and William Gorman, of Mauch Chunk, under the same restriction. After a time the tery

property ceased to be productive, and apart of it was and the proceeds placed at the disposal of the Presbyterian Church at Mauch Chunk, who were

sold,

then erecting a house of worship at that place. In 1870 an act of Assembly was passed authorizing the trustees to sell the remainder of the property. In

THE BOROUGH OF LEHIGHTON. 1872 the Rev. Jacob Beleville, the pastor of the church of

Mauch Chunk, conceived

the Rev. L. K. Derr became their pastor, and served

the idea of establishing

a church at Lehighton and transferring the trust to

In accordance with this idea a congregation was organized and trustees elected; the funds, with interest, were transferred to the trustees of the Presbyterian Church of Lehighton. A lot was selected,

trustees.

and the present Presbyterian Church edifice was built with the funds realized. In 1870 the land now owned by the Gnadenhiitten Cemetery Association was sold to the society by the trustees of the fund.

Methodist Episcopal Church.— About 1840 serwere commenced by the Methodists in the school-house, and were conducted by ministers who occasionally visited this part of the country, the majority of whom were in charge of the church at Mauch Chunk. The society was not organized till 1865, and then was placed in the circuit with Parry ville, Weissport, and Slatington. Soon after the organization the society purchased the building formerly used as the Carbon Academy, which they used The old building was torn down and a new till 1882. edifice erected in the summer of 1883, and dedicated vices

•

on Sunday, the 30th of September, in that year. The church is a brick structure. The tower

rises

height of about eighty feet above the street. The church contains three rooms, all on the same floor, a main audience-room, thirty-six by sixty feet,

to a

—

with twenty-six feet walls

;

a lecture-room, twenty

with twenty-two feet opening by folding-doors with the main audience-room and an infant-class room, thirteen and one-half by twenty and one-half feet, at the rear of the lecture-room, into which it opens by sash and and one-half by thirty-six

feet,

walls,

;

1881. He was succeeded by the Rev. J. H. Hortman. A church edifice was erected in 1876, the basement of which was fitted for use and dedicated Jan. A bell was added to the tower in Novem14, 1877. ber of that year. The church is not yet fully completed. It, is the intention to finish and occupy till

it

during the present year.

Evangelical Lutheran Church.— This was organized by the Rev. D. K. Kepner on the 5th of January, 1873. Efforts were at once made to erect a church edifice. A lot was purchased on the corner of Iron and Northampton Streets, and the Trinity

society

new building laid June 1, 1873. At numbered one hundred and members. Work progressed slowly, and

corner-stone of a this time

the church

seventy-five

on the 8th of February, 1874, the basement of the church was used for services, and on the 17th of May, 1874, was dedicated. The building was not completed till November, 1874, and on the 23d and 24th of that month was dedicated with appropriate services in both English and German. The edifice is forty by seventy feet, with a spire one hundred and forty-five feet in height, and cost sixteen thousand dollars. The Rev. D. K. Kepner was pastor from the organization to September, 1874. The Rev. Gustav A. Bruegel was chosen pastor Jan. 10, 1875, and installed July 4th in that year. He was succeeded in 1878 by the Rev. William Laitzle, who remained till April, 1882, when the Rev. J. H. Kuder, the present pastor, was chosen.

Ebenezer Church of the Evangelical AssociaThis society was organized in 1872, and ser-

tion.

—

vices were held in the school-house until

the

new church

edifice

was

on Pine Street completed, the

corner-stone of which was laid with appropriate cere-

doors.

The are

733

pastors

W.

who have been

B. Durelle, E.

in

charge since 1865

Townsend, W. H. Friese,

J.

Lindermuth, J. F. Swindells, Wilmer Coffman, L. B. Oram, J. P. Miller, G. W. North, and Brown, Henry G. Watt, the present pastor. St. Peter's and St. Paul's Catholic Church (German). This congregation was organized in 1869. The first pastor was the Rev. G. Frende, who resided in Lehighton, and had other churches in charge. The Catholic German school was founded at the same time, attended by the same pastors, and is now taught by Sisters from East Mauch Chunk. Mr. Frende was

—

succeeded in 1872 by the Rev.

W.

Heinan, who

is

the

In 1871 the St. Joseph's Catholic Church was organized at East Mauch Chunk, and placed under the care of Father Heinan, who, in 1874, removed from Lehighton to that place. Father present pastor.

Heiaan has had

as assistant pastors the following:

Rev. A. Merach, 1879

;

Rev. A. Fietz, 1880

;

Rev. A.

Mistell, 1881; Rev. A. Wolf, 1882.

Zion's Eeformed Congregation.— In 1872 a few persons gathered together in Lehighton, under the care of the Rev. A. Bartholomew, and on the 29th of April, 1873, they were organized as a church, and

monies on the 15th of August, 1875. The church is and was completed in the spring of 1876, and dedicated on the 2l8t of May in that year. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Bishop Thomas Bowman, from Rev. xxi. 3, "Behold, the tabernacle of God is with men." The first pastor was the Rev. A. F. Leopold, who served the people He was succeeded by the Rev. till February, 1874. A. Krecker, who continued till March, 1875, when the Rev. J. C. Bleim was appointed. He served three years, and in March, 1878, the Rev. D. B. Albright succeeded him. He was followed, in March, 1879, by the Rev. B. J. Smoyer, who served three years. In March, 1882, the Rev. W. K. Wieand, the present

built of brick,

was appointed. Gnadenhiitten Cemetery Association,— The land now owned by this association was made the burialplace of the Moravians who were massacred near here on the evening of Nov. 24, 1755. From the year 1820 the grounds were occasionally used as a burial-place by the people of the surrounding country. The land on which the burial-place was located was sold pastor,

about 1830 to Frederika Miska, a Polish, woman. It in 1833 left in trust for the Presbyterians, and

was

:

HISTORy OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

734

on the 7th of August, 1838, was opened for public use In the year 1788 the Moravians of Bethlehem erected a marble slab over the remains

as a burial-place.

of their brethren, which contained the following inscription

are yet living in Lehighton, Weissport, and the surrounding country. About 1840 the public school system was accepted by Mahoning township, of which this borough was then a part, and other houses were

"

To the memory

of

with their child Johanna, Martin and SuBanna Nitschman, Ann Catharina Sensemau, Leonhard Gottermyer,

On

the 29th of July, 1873, the board of school

Christian Fabrjcns Clerk,

house, with the third story fitted up for public purposes. The present site was selected and purchased,

Gnaden Huetten

unto the Lord,

and

lost their lives in a surprise

from Indian warriors,

November the

24ti»,

1765. '

Precious in the sight of the Lord

is

Psalms cxvi.

the death of his saints.'

Bower, Phila., 1788.]"

After the opening of the grounds in 1848 they were inclosed with a fence. Over the entrance was placed an arch with the following inscription :

Commenced Aug.

A

7,

1748.

thft

Lord from henceforth.'

Renewed Aug.

7,

1848."

few years since a citizen of Bethlehem erected monument upon the grounds, upon

a small marble

which

is

inscribed: "

at its base, this is

monument

1871.

erected."

In the year 1867 a number of gentlemen of Lehigh-

the use of the people of Lehighton and surroundsociety was formed, which was incor-

A

porated by the court of Carbon County, Dec. 30, 1867, as "The Gnadenhiitten Cemetery Association."

committee was appointed

to select a suitable site

The committee made a

report Jan. 12, 1870, in which it is stated that the trustees of the Gnadenhiitten land were willing to sell the Gnadenhiitten burialacre.

to the association for

two hundred dollars per proposition was accepted and ground purSince that time a small addition has been

The

chased.

made to the grounds, and the cemetery about eight acres.

—No record.

1872.— N. B. Rober, John S. Lentz. 1873.— E. J. Younker, Charles Siefert. 1874.— George W. Heilman, E. B. Albright. 1875.— N. B. Raber, A. G. Dollenmoyer. 1876.— John S. Lentz, B. J. Kuntz, Daniel Graver. 1877.— William H. Rex, William D. Zehner. 1878. E. H. Snyder, Reuben Fenstermacher. 1879.— Daniel Grover, Daniel Olewine, A. Bartholomew. 1880. A. Bartholomew, John Peters. 1881.— E. H. Snyder, F. P. Lentz, M. Heilman. 1882.— R. F. Hofford, William Mentz. 1883.— F. P. Lentz, C. F. Horn, George Musbaum.

—

—

for a cemetery.

ground

— E. H. Snyder, Granville Clauss.

1868.— John Miller, M. W. Raudenbush. 1869.— Philip Miller, N. B. Eaber. 1870.— Granville Clauss, Zachariah H. Long.

ton decided to form an association for the purpose of securing and keeping in good condition a cemetery

A

There are at present (1883) attending school in the borough four hundred and thirty-eight pupils, under the charge of Prof. T. A. Snyder, principal. Upon the erection of the borough of Lehighton, in 1866, it became an independent school district. The directors since that time have been as follows 1866.— Moses Heilman, Thomas S. Beck, N. B. Kober, E. A. Bauer, W. A. Santee, T. M. Sweeny. 1867.

Moravian Martyrs, whose ashes are gathered

for

the three schools in the borough were gathered in the building, where they have since remained.

To honor and perpetuate the remembrance of the

ing country.

plans were drawn by J. Boyd Henri, an architect of Allentown, which, after due examination, were accepted. Work was commenced in May of that year, carried forward with energy, and completed at a cost of forty-five thousand dollars. Upon its completion

15.

[A.

"' Blessed are the dead which die in

di-

rectors decided to erect a three-story brick school-

George Schweigert, John Frederick Lesly, and Martin Presser; lived at

for school purposes.

erected on Iron Street about 1850.

Gottlieb and CbriBtina Anders,

who

up

One was In 1853 one was built on the Town Square, which was used till the completion of the present building. One soon after was erected on Pine Street. erected or fitted

:

now

contains

William Miller is the president of the association, and Thomas Kemerer is secretary.

Schools.— The old log school-house, built on the mission grounds about 1820, was one story in height, and divided into two rooms, one for church and one for school purposes. The school was controlled by a board of trustees, and was kept during the winter months for many years. Pupils of that old school

Carbon Academy.— The freshet of January, 1862, away the Carbon Academy building, then located at Weissport, and owned by R. F. Hofford, who the same year rebuilt at Lehighton, and opened and carried

conducted a school, with A. S. Christine as assistant. In 1867, Professor Christine became principal, and the school prospered until his death, in June, 1868. The original building was sold about 1865 to the

Methodist society, and Street,

which

lots

were purchased on Bank

and a Carbon Academy building was is

now used

The academy was Christine,

erected,

for dwellings.

closed after the death of Mr.

though several attempts were made

to re-

VPCrmOM^

THE BOROUGH OF LEHIGHTON.

735

open the school, but without success. In 1872 it was opened by Professor A. S. Baer, under the name of the Lehighton Academy, but after a year closed.

stone house, he secured a license and kept a publichouse. He was the father of twelve children, eight

Post-Office.— The date of the establishment of a post-office at Lehighton is not known. In the summer of 1817 a post-office was opened at the Landing

ing.

Tavern, and Isaac A.

That

master.

the year 1819,

office

Chapman was appointed

was not

when the

sons and four daughters,

spent at

post-

was established

it was noted that the nearest postwas eight miles down the Lehigh River. Without doubt the post-office was established at this place about 1828 or 1829, when the canal was in process of construction along the river. It was located at the public-house of Reuben Hagenbuch, and continued by Peter Bauman until' his removal from the place in 1848. Michael Dormetzer was then appointed, and served

when Thomas

Beck succeeded

S.

in assisting his father in his business

On June 9, 1829, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Weiss, daughter of Thomas Weiss, and granddaughter of Col. Jacob Weiss, one of the first settlers in the

at

county (see history of Weissport). Thomas Weiss, father of Mrs. Bauman, lived at Weissport. The present Weissport borough was his farm. Mrs. Bauman was born Dec. 5, 1808. Mr. Jacob Bauman after his marriage, in June,

office

April, 1852,

home

pursuits.

Mauch Chunk,

till

liv-

Jacob Bauman, the second oldest, was born at Bowmansville, March 28, 1799. His early life was

in existence long, as in

post-office

— —seven of whom are now

moved

1829,

to

Lehigh Gap, where he engaged in the He was converted

hotel business and general store.

through, the instrumentality of the Evangelical Association.

to

His

.wife while

under deep conviction

re-

and continued in office till July, 1874, when Henry H. Peters, the present incumbent, was

ceived pardon for her troubled heart while in bed at

appointed.

God

the position,

Bank of Lehighton.— Upon applinumber of gentlemen a certificate of inwas granted Nov. 3, 1875, for a bank of

First National cation of a

corporation

the above name, with a capital stock of

which was enlarged

Thomas Kemerer

he had closed the hotel in the evening, beside the bar of his hotel and poured out his heart to God, when he too found peace. He immediately gave up the hotel business and moved across the river (Lehigh) to a small old house. Shortly after, in the spring of 1845, he moved to Millport, where he engaged in farming, milling, and lumbering business. He had ten children. Mr. and Mrs. Bauman early impressed their children with the principles of' Christianityj and their effiirts in this They had the pleasure of direction were not lost. seeing their chiJdren converted and united with the knelt

fifty

to seventy-five

The

as president, Jan. 14, 1880.

on the 27th of November, 1875, in an office that was fitted up in the house of Joseph Obert, where it remained until 1880, when it was removed to the present banking-office. bank was opened

cashier of this bank,

grandson of Henry Bauman, traction,

and one of the

who was

first settlers

the great-

German

ex-

of Northampton

County, north of the Blue Mountains. at

of

is

He

proceeded

once in preparing a farm by clearing and

tilling

the ground, which occupation he followed in afteryears in

connection with the lumbering business.

He, like the early

settlers generally, labored

great disadvantages

imagine.

Among

and

difficulties, as

one can readily

others, they Occasionally

contact with the Indians,

making

it

under

came

in

necessary to re-

their families to places of safety. Mr. Bauman was the father of four children, the oldest, John D., the grandfather of W. W., was born about the year 1772. In 1796 he settled in the place now known as Bowmansville, his home being the characteristic old

move

log house,

more substantial than

beautiful.

He

also

engaged in clearing land preparatory to farming in connection with lumbering business he devoted much time to hunting and trapping, game being very abundant in those days. In 1808, after building a large ;

down

church of

for business

W. W. Bowman,

with a loud voice.

this, after

thousand thousand dollars May 16, 1877. The directors were Daniel Olewine, R. F. Hoflford, A. J. Durling, Dennis Baumkn, Levi Wentz, J. K. Rickert, and Thomas Kemerer. Daniel Olewine was elected president, W. W. Bowman cashier, and R. F. HofTord vice-president. The only change in the officers has been the election of dollars,

Her joy was complete, and sh« praised her Mr. Bauman shortly after

night.

their' choice.

iand. James, I

man

Two

of their sons,

entered the ministry.

Thomas Bow-

Capt. James

entered the ministry at the close of the Rebellion,

which he. had served three years nine months of which time was spent in Salsbury, Danville, and Thomas, their oldest son, is now Libby Prisons. in

;

bishop in the Evangelical Association. He rose in sixteen years from a country store to the highest dignity of the Evangelical Church. Jacob Bauman died Oct. 17, 1877.

W. W. Bowman was

born at Millport, Carbon Co., His youthful days were spent at the paternal homestead in securing an education and asHe also clerked for sisting his father on the farm. Sharp, Weiss & Co., at Eckley, Pa., who as a firm ranked among our prominent and most successful coal operators also for the Lehigh Slate Company, at Slatington, Pa. At the age of fifteen, in order to complete his education, he entered the Dickinson Semifrom there he attended nary, at Williamsport, Pa. April

7,

1849.

;

;

the Freelaud Seminary, finishing his course of instruction at the Fort Edward Collegiate Institute, Fort

Edward, N. Y. Valley Railroad

He

was then employed by the Lehigh

Company

at their office at Packerton.

Shortly afterward he took charge of the general books

:

;

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

736 of the Carbon Iron

Company,

who

at Parryville, Pa.,

BUEGESSES.

were doing a large and prosperous busiThe First National Bank of Lehighton was ness. organized in 1875 the board of directors was composed of the following gentleman, viz. Daniel Ole-

—John Lentz.

at this time

1866.

J. K. Judge Levi Wentz, Hon. A. J. Durling, and Thomas Kemmerer. After careful consideration

1867.— R. F. Hofford. 1868.— R. F. Hofford. 1869.— Francis Stickler. 1870.— Francis Stickler. 1871 to 1875.— William Wagner. 1876 to 1879.— John T. Semmel. 1880.— E. K. Snyder. 1881.— Zachariah H. Long. 1882-83.— John T. Semmel.

;

:

wine, E. F. HofTord, Judge Dennis

Bauman,

Reickert,

these directors decided on

W. W. Bowman

as their

which action, considering that Mr. Bowman was but twenty-six years old, showed their just appreciation in selecting, a man who though young in yeats was worthy in experience, integrity, and intellect. Mr. Bowman has filled this position satisfactorily alike to the citizens, depositors, and bank cashier,

Council.

—

Daniel Olewine, Thomas Kemerer, Reuben Hunsicker, Joseph Obert, John Senkel. 1866.

.

On June

he was married by his brother, Bishop Thomas Bowman, to Miss Zeina F. Kuntz, daughter of Henry Kuntz, of Slatington. The result of their union is a family of five children, viz. Charles B., Minnie V., May E., Raymond K., Clarke W. Newspapers. The first newspaper was started in Lehighton in January, 1872, by O. M. Boyle. It was six columns in size, with a " patent outside," and called the Weekly News. Its publication was suspended in the fall of 1873. The Carbon Advocate was established by H. V. Morthimer, the present editor and proprietor. The first number was issued on the 23d of November, 1872. It is independent in politics. Originally a six-column ipaper, it was enlarged in 1878 to eight columns. Many facts concerning the history of Lehighton are gleaned from its columns. 15, 1871,

:

—

Fire

1867.— M. W. Raudenbush. 1868.— William Rex, John T. Nusbaum. 1869.— W. C. Frederici, William C. Seabold. 1870.— William Miller. 1872. William Miller, Manasses Asker. 1873. William Waterboer, Reuben Fenster-

ever since.

officials

— — macher. 1875. — George Swartz, William M. Rapsher. 1876.- William Miller. 1877. — Theodore R. Kemmerer, Moses Harleman, William Waterboer. 1878.— William M. Rapsher, J. L. Gable. 1879.— William Miller. 1880. William Waterboer, Daniel Wieand, A.

—

Hinkell.

1881.- William M. Rapsher, W. H. Mantz. 1882.— William Miller, Richard Koons. 1883. William Waterboer, Valentine Schwartz.

—

Company.— On

the 24th of August, 1874, the was organized in Lehighton as

Justices op the Peace.

company -the Lehigh Hook-and-Ladder Company, No. 1. It contained fifty members. H. V. Morthimer was chosen president, C. F., Horn secretary, and P. T.

•first

fire

Bradley chief. A hook-and-ladder truck and ladders and a Babcock extinguisher were purchased. The company remained in active service till 1881, when the inemberslost interest in it and the company prac-

1866.— A. S. Christine. 1869.—Thomas Kemerer, E. H. Snyder. 1874.— E. H. Snyder, Thomas S. Beck. 1879.— Thomas S. Beck. 1881.— Harrison A. Beltz.

.

jtically

ceased to exist.

Societies',

ized,

— A number of societies have been organ-

which have long

since disbanded.

in existence are here given.-

Those

still

Meetings of all societies

are held in Rober's Hall

Gnaden Huetten Lodge, No.

680,

I.

O. O. F., char-

tered Nov. 16,-1869..

Rebecca Degree Lodge (Bernice), No.

124,

I.

O.

0. F., chartered Sept. 22, 1879.

Lehighton Lodge, No. 234, K. of

P.,

chartered Jan.

14, 1870.

Gnaden Huetten Council, No.

249, 0. of

U. A. M.

chartered Jan. 27, 1871.

Incorporation.— The borough of Lehighton was incorporated by the court of Carbon County on the 2d of January, 1866. The following lis a list of the burgesses. Council, and justices of the peace

The population of the borough, as given by the census of 1882, is two thousand five hundred and thirty-two.

is

Packing-House of Joseph Obert.—This business the only one of the kind in the Lehigh Valley, and

the largest enterprise carried on in Lehighton. It was commenced by Mr. Obert about 1865 in an humble way, but the foundation was laid for the immense business of to-day. In 1875 the buildings in which the business was conducted were destroyed by fire, together with the machinery and a large stock of goods; Notwithstanding this great loss Mr. Obert erected the present brick building, sixty by ninety feet, three stories high, in which was placed the latest improved machinery and appliances for slaughtering, curing, packing, and smoking meats. A force of twelve men are constantly employed in the different processes of is

the work.

Lehigh Stove-Works.— About 1866 the

citizens of

J:>o^

y^t^ ^-/>^

sDOi.

©©HOT,

Li:3^a©Uiiirio)iKi,

(p>a.

^"f'iyA.H Bxtrjae

THE BOROUGH OF LEHIGHTON.

737

Lehighton being desirous of establishing manufactures of some kind, meetings were held and a committee appointed to visit and confer with manufacturers. Dr. G. B. Linderman, who had then recently purchased a farm near the borough, became interested in the project, and after hearing the reports of the committee, proposed to establish a foundry for the manu-

school in that early day, until he reached the age of

and hollow-ware, and subscribed Sufficient capital was secured, and the Lehigh Stove-Works was incorporated in Land was purchased between the Lehigh River 1867. and the track of the Lehigh "Valley Railroad. The stone building, engine- and boiler-rooms were erected in the summer of that year, and work was commenced. Additional buildings have been added as the business enlarged. There are in the employ of the company about thirty-five men.

ried

facture

of stoves

largely to the stock.

The stockholders of the company urer

;

are G. B. Linder-

W. Anthony,

secretary

C. 0. Skeer, Robert Klotz,

William

man, president; C.

and

treas-

Lilly,

W.

Mack, and A. G. Brodhead. Central Carriage-Works. About 1860 the manufacture of carriages was commenced in Lehighton, B.

—

and carried forward with success. In 1877, M. C. Trexler and H. R. Kreidler purchased the business under the name of Trexler & Kreidler. The establishment was enlarged, improved machinery was put in, and the manufacture of coaches, carriages, buggies, and all kinds of carriage-work was commenced, and

still

to learn

work as a journeyman. In 1847 he moved to Mauch Chunk, Pa., where he engaged in tanning and shoe-manufacturing business. On April 14, 1850, at the age of thirty-five, he mar-

ten years at this

Miss Esther Zoll, of Orwigsburg, Schuylkill This estimable lady was born there March 23, 1818. In 1856, Mr. Olewine and family moved to Lehighton, still continuing in the tanning business until 1873, when that destructive agent, fire, burned his buildings to the ground however, he was not at loss for labor, as he had a large and productive farm in charge at the time of the fire. From 1875 to 1877 he engaged in general foundry business, which, like all his former undertakings, proved successful. Mr. Olewine was a director of the Second National Bank of Mauch Chunk, for five years. In 1875 the First National Bank of Lehighton was organized, and he was honored by being made its president, which position of dignity and trust he filled acceptably for five years, when business becoming so great, he was compelled to resign this position Co., Pa.

;

of honor.

Mr. Olewine has been a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for thirty years, in which society he has held many positions of confi-

His family consists of three children. The Miss Susan Esther, married Mr. William Koch, of Bingen, Pa., who is now following farming, and resides at the old homestead. The second, Miss Clara Alta, married Mr. Pierce Lentz, one of Lehighton's most successful and promising young men. Mr. Lentz is now occupying a position of confidence with dence.

eldest.

continues.

The Lehigh.

when he was apprenticed for three years tanning and currying, after which he spent

seventeen,

Wagon Company

the spring of 1883 by Weiss,

was established in

Bowman &

HofFord.

M. W. Weiss is in charge. Daniel Wieand, a practical carriage-builder, commenced business about 1881, on Bank Street. In 1883 he erected a salesroom in front of the factory.

the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, at Packerton, and living in his own home, one of the handsomest

The third of Mr. Olewine's children Daniel Irvine. He was united in marriage with Miss Edna Conn, of Lycoming County, Pa. This son is in Lehighton.

is

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. DANIEL OLEWINB. After a short walk from the Lehigh Valley Depot, in the suburbs of Lehighton, in a spacious brick

engaged in the mercantile business at Williamsport, Pa., and bids fair to become one of its most successful merchants.

Mr. Olewine is now in his seventieth year, and an active, well-preserved gentleman.

residence, near the GnadenhUtten Burying-ground, of Revolutionary and historic fame, lives the subject of this sketch. Mr. Olewine is a son of Mr. George

Olewine,

who was born

in

He married Miss Susan Erdman, whose family was one of the oldest and most Their occupation respectable of Bucks County. Their married life proved through life a most prosperous and happy one, being blessed with eight children equally divided in sex, Mr. Daniel

was farming.

Olewine being the seventh in descent. He was born at the old homestead, in Lower TowEnjoyed all amensing township, April 13, 1815. the advantages that could be obtained from a country 47

JOSEPH OBERT.

Lower Towamensing

township. Carbon Co., Pa.

is

still

German descent, and the youngest Mr. Obert son of Matthias and Catherine Obert. He was born is

of

Baden, Germany, in 1821, where he remained until twenty years of age. After limited advantages of education, he was at the age of fifteen apprenticed to a cabinet-maker, and after a service of two years worked until twenty years of age as a journeyman. He was then drafted -for military duty, but in consein

quence of an accident during his early youth was exempted from service, and in 1841 sailed for the United

:

:

HISTOKY OF CAKBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

Y38

States, his first engagement as a cabinet-maker having been at Bath, Northampton Co., and his second at Mauch Chunk. He then removed to Lehighton, and

followed his trade for a period of twenty-five years, in 1842 started a business of his own, and soon embarked in the lumber business. About the year 1850 he also became interested in farming, and

having after

conducted it successfully with various other interests. In 1867 he opened a store for the sale of dry goods and groceries. He had previously engaged in the slaughtering of hogs, which enterprise so increased

he found the erection of spacious buildings a necessity. In 1875 the establishment was entirely destroyed by fire, but with Mr. Obert's characteristic enterprise was at once rebuilt. The business now ranks as the leading industry of Lehighton, though a more detailed description, found elsewhere in proportions that

in this volume, renders repetition here unnecessary.

Mr. Obert was, on the 26th of December, 1849, married to Miss Catherine, daughter of John Heberling, of Kreidersville, Pa., whose children are John, Charles, William, Frank, and Emma. He has been identified with the Second National Bank of Mauch Chunk as director, and as a Democrat was, in 1857, appointed postmaster of Lehighton, and elected member of the Town Council when it was created a borough. In religion, Mr. Obert is a member of the Reformed Church, and now holds the office of elder, as also that of treasurer of the church of that denomination at Lehighton. In all measures pertaining to the moral and material growth of the borough he fills

a conspicuous place.

by Banks and Packer townships, and is about six miles in length on the county-line and about two and a half in breadth, except at the western part, where it extends south and embraces within its limits Weatherly borough.

The streams are Laurel, Spruce Run, and Hazel The Laurel rises in the north part of the

Creek.

township, flows easterly, passing out of the township at the southeast corner,

Run, a branch of the Laurel, rises in Spring Mountain, flows northeasterly, and joins Laurel Run in the township. Hazel Creek enters the township on the line, flows southeasterly, then southerly, passes Weatherly borough, and out of the township into Lehigh, where it joins the Quakake Creek. The township is mountainous, and but little cultivated. The Buck Mountain Coal Company is in possession of a tract of mining land which they have worked since 1838, and have this present year abandoned. The land is but little cultivated, and Lausanne is to-day as much a wilderness as it was in 1808. The following names are taken from the assessment-roll of Lausanne township in 1808, when its territory embraced the townships above given. The amount of tax levied in that year was S37.12 Peter Andrew. Christopher Gebhard (sin-

west

Andrew Beck.

gle).

Elias Bartlett.

Jacob Gebhard

Timothy Condy.

Philip Hinkle.

George Close.

Felton Hinkle (single). Jacob Hartz. Daniel Heil. Jacob Kelchner. Thomas Leonard (single). Jonathan Mergeum. Robert McMinn.

Andrew Creakle. John Dull (single). Mathias Gangwere.

John Creakle (single). Samuel Gangwere.

CHAPTER XVIL

William Grofiley. Daniel Gebhard (single)

LAUSANNE TOWNSHIP.

The territory now comprising this township is but a very small part of the original. It was in 1808 a part of Penn township, which embraced all that porNorthampton County lying north of the Blue Ridge and west of the Lehigh River. In 1808, Penn township was divided into East Penn, West Penn, and Lausanne, the latter being the north part of that portion now in Carbon County. West Penn became a part of Schuylkill County in 1811. In 1827 a tion of

small portion of the southern part of the township

was taken

to

form

Mauch Chunk

township. In January, 1842, Banks township was set ofl' the northwest part, and in 1847 Packer township was set off from the southwest part. oflT

In 1875 the township of Lehigh was erected, which embraced the greater portion of the township of Lausanne, and reduced it to its present limits. It is now bordered on the north by Luzerne County, on the east and south by Lehigh township, and on the west

and flowing through Lehigh

township, joins the Lehigh River at Rockport. Spruce

(single).

John Totten.

Adam

Winter.

The owners of unseated lands

for the

same year

are here given

Caleb Washbouer. Daniel Washbouer.

Stephen

Samuel Koch. Joseph Heister.

Balliet.

Hottenstein.

James Chapman.

James May. Anthony Morris.

Bolightho.

Cuno Moravian Land. John Cunkle. Christian Cunkle. Caspar Diehl.

James Dunn. George GroflT. Daniel Koch.

Widow

Powell.

William Rex. Samuel Seager. Jacob Schreider. George Walker. William Turnbull.

The first settlement known to have been made in the present limits of the township was by the Buck Mountain Coal Company, which was chartered June 16, 1836, and soon after purchased land in that region.

The company

consisted of

Samuel L. Shober,

;

LAUSANNE TOWNSHIP. Jacob F. Bunting, Dr. Benjamin Kugler, William Eichardson, and Asa L. Foster, all from Philadelphia except the latter, who was of Carbon County. The first

operations for coal were

made

in 1839,

and

1848.

— — — —

—

Hazleton Coal Company built a branch road to the mines of the Buck Mountain Coal Company, and coal from that time was shipped )jy that About this time a post-office was established. route. A hotel was built by the company and kept by William Koonz in 1843, and many years by James McGinty, and now by William Boyle. The company has had in its employ from three to six hundred men.

disaster the

rah.

I860.— R. L. Hearry, M. M. Cooper. 1861.— W. H. Brown, John Toomy, Marius McGinty.

up entirely as the result of the operations of the company, who have purchased lands in Schuylkill County, and contemplate removing to that locality. Opera-

—

Nov. 28, 1883. The total amount of coal shipped from the mines from 1841 to Nov. 28, 1883; was three million four hundred and sixty-five

tions here ceased

thousand tons. Lausanne township will soon lapse almost into the In the year 1875, after condition of a wilderness. Lehigh township had been taken off" from the township, there were assessed seven farmers, two teachers, several carpenters, blacksmiths, clerks, hotel-keeper,

and the Buck Mountain Coal Company. In 1883 the total tax, county and State, was $156.29,

which $47.07 was assessed to the coal company. The following are the names of farmers, with number Timothy Colen, of acres, part of which is wild land 45 acres James Conners, 26 acres; Patrick CunningMr. Hugh Cunningham, 15 acres ham, 25 acres Lewis Flickinger, 96 acres; Jacob Folk, 110 acres; Frank Fried, 100 acres Fryman Flickinger, 55 acres William Kennedy, 90 acres; Catharine Moyer, 140 acres James McGinty, 239 acres, and Lewis Young, of

:

;

;

;

;

William Spencer is the superintendent of the company. Condy McCole is a teacher, and Hiram 80 acres.

Prevost grocer.

following

is

a

list

of the

names of the school directors of the township since the erection of Carbon County, most of whom resided in that portion of the township that in 1875

Lehigh township 1844. Richard D. Miles, Ephraim Balliet. 1845.— Jonas Hartz, John Smith. 1846._Daniel O'Donnell, Charles Gilbert. 1847.— John Smith, Wm. Koons. :

—

1862.— John Evans, M. M. Cooper. 1863.— James C. Hayden, M. McGinty. 1864. John Wynn, John Toomy. 1865.— C. A. Weiss, John Evans, David Petry. 1866. James Smith, George Stettler. 1867. John Farley, Peter Kennedy. 1868.— C. A. Weiss, Patrick Mekan. 1869. John Farley, James Smith. 1870. Frank Brenan, John Toomy. 1871. John Wynn, Charles A. Weiss. 1872.— Charles McGill, Joseph Smith. 1873.— Frank Call, Bernard Henry. 1874.— B. F. Williams, John M. Cole, James Mc-

— — —

The place contains two school-houses, the hotel, postoffice, company store, and other buildings necessary The settlement has grown to carry on the business.

—The

M. Hackett, James Conner, Alex.

1849.— W. B. Taylor, Charles Gilbert, Adam Beer. 1850. James Conner, Jacob Beer, Daniel J. Labar. 1851. Jacob Whitebread, Andrew Barnhard. 1852. Adrian Barber, William H. Brown. 1853. Elias D. Cortwright, Joshua Derrah, Charles H. Williams, Philip Huffecker. 1854.— 0. K. Shoemaker, William B. Cortwright. 1855.— R. Butler, D. J. Labar. 1856.— Jonathan McMurty, Frank McFall, R. Q. Butler, D. K. Shoemaker, Alexander Miller. 1857. Mordecai Cooper, Philip Mixler.. 1858.— C. H. Williams, Elias Miller. 1859.— John Evans, C. A. Williams, Joshua Der-

month of November, 1840, the first boat-load of coal was shipped. It was drawn from the mine to Rockport (about five miles), and shipped on the Lehigh Canal. The flood of January, 1841, swept away the canal, and further shipments were delayed until it was again repaired. In 1843 the company was asShipsessed on thirty acres of land and four houses. ments were made from Rockport until 1862, when After this the freshet again swept away the canal.

School Directors.

—Richard

Santee.

in the

;

739

became

— —

Ginty.

1875.— J.

J.

Kennedy, Dennis Boyle,

J.

E.

Ma-

loney.

1876.— C. H. O'Donnell, John Maloney, Patrick Meighan. 1877.— John McCole, Evan Daniels, Michael Meyers.

1878.—John Smith, John H. O'Donnell, James Burns.

1879._C. F. O'Daniels, Henry Colt. 1880. James McKinley, John McCole, Lewis Sild-

—

man, H. P. Harkins. 1881.— Adam Boyd, H. P. Harkins. 1882.— Henry Call, James Smith, Neal Brisbin. John S. Brennan, Thomas J. Edwards. 1883.

—

Justices of the Peace.— The following is a list of Prior to this time justices of the peace since 1840. justices were elected in districts, and the list will be

found in the civil roster of the general history. The justices since 1840 were mostly residents of the territory, now set off to other

Amasa Dodson,

townships:

elected March, 1844.

Jacob Beer, elected March, 1850. Joshua Darrah, elected March, 1854. James Lewis, elected March, 1855. Joshua Darrah, elected March, 1859. Jacob Beer, elected March, 1860.

HISTORY OP CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

740

township, and connects with the main line at Penn Haven Junction. Early Settlement. The assessment of Lausanne

James Lewis, elected March, 1861. John Smith, elected March, 1862. Samuel B. Taylor, elected March, 1864. John Shaffer, elected March, 1865. George J.

T.

Stetler, elected

—

March, 1866.

W. Shellheimer, elected March, 1867. W. Stiegerwalt, elected March, 1867.

William H. Taylor, elected March, 1868.

John A. Quinn, elected October, 1869. William H. Taylor, elected March, 1873. James Smith, elected March, 1874.

settlement there was known as Lowrytown, and was located on the high bluff above. Lumber was cut on the tract back of Lowrytown, and slid down the mountain-side, about three hundred feet, to the mills, where it was sawed and rafted, mostly to Mauch Chunk. Jedediah Irish and Abiel Abbott were in charge of the mills. A store and chopping-mill were also built by the company. The raftsmen who went

March, 1875. William Buch, elected March, 1877. H. B. Harkins, elected March, 1878. James McKinly, elected March, 1879. L. W. Provost, elected March, 1880. C. E. Provost, elected March, 1883. Silas Farraday, elected

CHAPTER

first

down with the rafts to Mauch Chunk returned on foot, by what was called the " Indian Path,'' which led from Gnadenhiitten to Wyoming. These rafts-

XVIII.

men were hardy, vigorous, and brave men, who feared no danger. Among them were Spencer Cassidy,

LEHIGH TOWNSHIP. This township, with Lausanne, forms a triangle. bounded on the east by the Lehigh River, which

It is

runs the entire length of the township; on the west

by Packer and Banks townships; on the north by Lausanne township and Luzerne County. The Quakake Creek flows eastwardly through the township, and empties into the Lehigh at Penn Haven. Spruce, Laurel, and Indian Runs form a stream that flows southeastwardly, and empties into the Lehigh below Rockport. Leslie's Run rises near the Luzerne County line, flows eastwardly, and empties into the Lehigh

Run

Depot, in the north part of the township. Broad Mountain constitutes the southern portion of the township. The Quakake Valley passes between it and Bald Ridge, which reaches across the township from east to west, near the middle. Its at Leslie's

northwestern point

is

the Lehigh River.

The

near Weatherly,

its

eastern at

townfrom the northern slope of Bald Ridge northward. The territory was embraced in Lausanne township from 1808 till 1875, when it was set apart as Lehigh. ship

township in 1808 shows a tract of land assessed to the Moravians. This tract was located along the Lehigh River, on the site of the present village of Rockport. The Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company finding it necessary to obtain a supply of lumber for building coal-barges, purchased the lumber-right on this tract of the Moravians in 1824, and at what is now Rockport erected four saw-mills and houses for laborers. The

settled portion of the

is

Early Roads.— The first road within the limits of the present township was a State road that ran from the Lehigh and Susquehanna turnpike, at the Spring Mountain House, through Weatherly borough, near Rockport, to White Haven. The next of importance was the White Haven and Lausanne turnpike, which was commenced in 1840. The portion from the Compton House to Morrison's was completed in 1841, and was not a success financially. The Lehigh Valley and the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad run along the bank of the Lehigh River in the township. The Beaver Meadow, Hazleton and Mahanoy Division of the Lehigh Valley road runs through the

Samuel Mantawny, Peter Steel, James Evans, Alexander Santee, and Thomas Jenkins. In the fall of 1839 the Buck Mountain Coal Company contracted with Foster, Hogendogler, and Neleigh for the grading of a railroad from the mines of the company to Rockport (a distance of about five miles). A. L. Foster contracted to cut a tunnel through the rock a distance of two hundred yards at the foot of the inclined plane, which extended to the river from the side of the mountain. Mr. Foster

sublet the tunneling to Peter

Dunworth. The work on the tunnel and road was completed in the early fall of 1840, and in November of that year the Buck Mountain Coal Company shipped the first boat-load of

Philadelphia by the Lehigh Coal and NaviCompany's Canal. A little before this time lumber operations had practically ceased, and making the place then known as " Grog Hollow" a shippingpoint for coal, gave it a new impetus. One hundred coal- to

gation

thousand tons of coal per year were shipped from that time to 1862, when the canr.l was washed away, and the Buck Mountain Coal Company was forced to seek another outlet. During the building of the Upper

Lehigh Navigation System, between 1836-39, the laborers on the works, in numbers at least a thousand, were

in the h.abit of gathering on Sunday at Jake Morris' tavern (a small log building) and pitching

playing cards, shooting at a mark, jumping, and drinking whiskey. The bar-room was small, and Jake passed the whiskey out of the winiiuoits,

fighting,

dow

in buckets, which were furnished with tin cups, and passed among the men, who were ranged in line.

This state of affairs continued till 1840, when the Canal and Buck Mountain Coal Company's railroad was completed.

:

LEHIGH TOWNSHIP. A

was established at Lowrytown about Samuel Wolf was the postmaster. He also had a store and kept tavern on the Lehigh and Susquehanna turnpike. He continued business at both post-office

1830.

places

the

till

of the justices since the organization of the township:

George

sold out

removed.

many

The

others filled the position later.

postmaster

is

The

Alfred Shaffer.

office

is

present in the

March, 1876.

Conrad Heinier, elected March, 1879. Michael Meyers, elected March, 1880. A. S. Steigerwalt, elected March, 1882. John Shaffer, elected March, 1883. Assessment for 1883. A summary from the

and

He was succeeded in the post-ofBce at Lowrytown by Asa Packer in 1836, who served two years, and was succeeded by R. Q. Butler, who served While under the administration of Mr. until 1844. Butler the name of the post-office was changed from Lowrytown to Lockport. William C. Cortwright and

Stetler, elected

Patrick Laughlin, elected March, 1878.

about 1839, the time of the completion of

Upper Lehigh Navigation, when he

741

—

sessment-roll of this township for 1883

is

contains one hundred and eighty-nine taxable

It

inhabitants.

Coal

The

total tax is

and forty-seven

dollars

Company

one hundred and eighty

cents.

The Buck Mountain

are assessed on twenty-three

lots,

depot of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad.

houses, and five acres of land at the old store.

Samuel Wolf kept a store at Rockport from 1830 to 1836, when it was purchased by Asa and R. W. Packer, who kept it till their canal contract was finished, when they sold to A. L. Foster, who was about to commence explorations for coal at Buck Mountain.

New

He sold

out his interest in the

who continued (now, 1883, mayor

Butler,

rick

tract to

fall

of 1839 to Reed

business until

of Wilkesbarre) took the con-

mine and deliver the Buck Mountain coal

boats at Rockport.

&

Thomas Brod-

At

this

in

time he established a

which R. Q. Butler entered as clerk, and the Reed & Butler was discontinued. This store was continued till the freshet of 1862, which destroyed the canal. Rockport to-day contains a church, a hotel {kept by Mrs. Charles McGill), a school-house, postoflSce and store, depot, and several dwellings. A Methodist Church was organized at Rockport about 1851. The Rev. John H. Vincent, of New Haven, Conn., famous in Sunday-school work and in connection with the Chautauqua Scientific and Literary Association, preached in this church when he was nineteen years of age. It has had many pastors, and store,

store of

is

not at present in a very prosperous condition. Schools. There are but three school-houses in the

—

township, located at Rockport, Penn Haven, and at a point north of the poor-house, on the Leslie Run road. The directors of schools since the organization of the

township, in 1875, have been as follows

1875.— C. A. Weiss, B. A. Hainey. 1876.— David Retry, Jacob Bellinger. 1877.— Joshua Kingle, John F. Blakslee. 1878.— John Shafer, Edwin Fritz. 1879.— Charles McGill, Jacob Retry. 1880.— Michael Meyers, John F. Blakslee. 1881.— Hugh Dever, Reuben Serfass, Jacob Hellinger.

1882.— Edwin Fritz, Alfred Shaffer. 1883.— Michael Meyers, Jacob Hellinger. The poor-house of the Middle Coal-Field Poor District

is

situated in the northern part of this town-

ship.

Justices of the

Peace.— The

justices of the peace

Lausanne township since 1847 were mostly resiThe following are the names dents of Rockport. for

as-

here given.

Jersey Central Railroad

Company

—

is

three

The

assessed

on a house at each of the places given, " Turn Hole," Penn Haven, Oxbow, North Penn Haven, Stony Creek, Rockport, Cains, Mud Run, Osterman Run, Hetchel Tooth, and Drake's Run. The Lehigh Valley Railroad ' is assessed on two hundred and fortythree acres of land on the Porter House tract, one hundred and ninety-seven acres at Balliet's, four hundred and twenty-five acres at James Moore's, and one hundred and eighty-seven acres at Penn Haven Junction, and a house at each of the following-named places " Turn Hole,'' Bannon's, and Booth's. The farmers, who were assessed as such in 1883, are Christian Ramsey, Samuel Simon, John Shaffer, George Stetler, John Torny, William H. Taylor, Isaac West, :

John Wallace, Charles Carroll, James Connor, Anthony Felder, Anthony Cull, Patrick Connor, John Graaf, Conrad Hineer, Hiram Hineer, Barney Heeney, Jacob Hellinger, Michael Hailey, Frank Kingle, Adolph Luman, Gabriel Miller, David Miller, William McDonnell, Michael Meyers, Edward McGill, and Jacob Retry.

—

Penn Haven. The settlement at this place was commenced in 1838 by the Hazleton Coal Company as a shipping-point for coal. The Beaver Meadow Railroad was used from 1888 to 1852. After the freshet of 1850 the company constructed a branch road from Hazel Creek bridge to the mountain-top coal was conveyed by two inclined planes twelve hundred feet in length and four hundred and These were later abandoned, and thirty feet descent. coal is now shipped by routes more advantageous. Penn Haven Junction is the point where the Mahanoy, Beaver Meadow, and Hazleton Branches diverge from the main line. The depot and a hotel are the only buildings of any importance. at

Penn Haven, from whence the

to the railroads

1

by the

river

In 1843 the Lehigh Navigation Company was assessed on seventy

acres of land, four log houses,

and eight lock-houses.

:

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

742

CHAPTEE

the Indians,

XIX.

MAHONING TOWNSHIP. (Including Paokkrton.)

The

is

part of East

About

who had been

con-

Henry Rauch,

ticut, fled

su.

assessor of

Penn township), Greeting:

Mahoning township (formerly

We

the last assessment of East Penn township. sessor of East

Indians,

at Shekomeko, in Connecfrom persecution to the brethren at Bethlehem. And these were sent forward to plant the With these Standard of Peace at Gnadenhiitten. mutual friends at the outpost the colony at Bethlehem began to extend its way up the Lehigh Valley. Their efforts were rewarded with great success. Their lelations with the Indians had been of a most amicable character, and prosperous farms dotted the Lehigh Valley and its tributaries (the results of seven years'

Christian

Bauer,

years,

verted to Christianity through the instrumentality of

"Commisstonebb' Office. G.

Mohegan

forty of the

as follows

"To Chaeles

effisrts

was four

It

Indians in this however, before they

to convert the

forward their direction.

dential circumstance favoring this measure.

first official

"Northampton County,

the colony at Bethlehem gathered

established a mission-house at Gnadenhiitten, a provi-

information obtained of the erection of this township is found in the first assessmentroll in 1842 in the records of Northampton County,

and

"As

strength from the influx of immigration they pushed

Penn township you

herewith transmit to you

With

assistance of the as-

are to transcribe from

taxable inhabitants, their professions and property, which

it

all

now

such

reside

within your limits, as they respectfully stand rated. " Given under our hand and seal of office this 7th day of April, 1842. "

John Santeb, \ Com. "John Lentz, i

of Northampton County.''^

The township was set ofi" from the north part of East Penn township, and is bounded on the north by the Mahoning Mountain, which separates it from Mauch Chunk township, east by Schuylkill County,

effort),

and

and the congregation, composed of Indians

colonists,

who worshiped

at Gnadenhiitten

num-

bered five hundred or more."

Martin Mack,

who came

to Bethlehem with the went up to the new station,

south by the township of East Penn, and west by the

first settlers

Lehigh River. It is watered by the Mahoning Creek, which rises in Schuylkill County and flows easterly through the valley of the Mahoning, and enters the Lehigh River near Lehighton. Early Settlement. A part of the territory now embraced in the limits of Mahoning was the first to which any title was obtained by the whites in the immediate region north of the Blue Ridge. A tract of five thousand acres was released, in March, 1682, by William Penn to Adrian Vroesen, of Rotterdam, and by him deeded to Benjohan Furley, of the same city, and surveyed for his heirs in 1735, and in March, 1745, conveyed to Edward Shippen, a merchant of Philadelphia, by Thomas Lawrence, attorney of the heirs of Benjohan Furley. Mr. Shippen conveyed the tract, in September of the same year, to Richard Peters, of Philadelphia, who at the same time deeded one hundred and twenty acres of the land to Charles Brockden, for the use of the Moravians at Bethlehem, who at this time had gathered around them a large Indian congregation, part of whom had been driven out of Shekomeko, Conn., and from Patchgatgoch, in New York. In 1742, Count Zinzendorf, who came to Bethlehem in December, 1741, ascended the Lehigh River, with two friendly Indians as interpreters, and held a conference (near what is now Lehighton) with a party of Indians, whose hunting-grounds were in the valley of the Mahoning and the adjacent country.

" Gnadenhiitten," with Christian Henry Rauch as one of the missionaries in charge. A church was erected and dwellings built for the missionaries and

Indians.

—

The beauty of the scenery here attracted the attention of the count, and he looked upon the locality as a good one upon which to establi.sh a mission. This was mentioned to the brethren at Bethlehem, and resulted in the purchase of the tract, as above mentioned. The writer of an article entitled " Lehighton One Hundred and Twenty-five Years Ago," published

Loskiel, writing at the time, said, " Gnadenhiitten

now

speaking of the conference with

became a very regular and pleasant

(1746)

The church

town.

stood in the valley, on one side

the Indian houses forming a crescent,

upon a rising and on the other stood the house of the missionaries and the burying-ground. The missionaries tilled their own grounds, and every Indian family their plantation, and on the 18th of August they had

ground

;

the satisfaction to partake of the

first fruits

of the

laud at a love-feast." As the colony increased the church was found to be too small, and in September, 1749, Bishop Johannes von Watteville visited Gna-

and laid the foundation-stone of a new About the same time Rev. David Brainerd,

denhiitten,

church.

with several Indian converts, visited Gnadenhiitten. increased, and the mission prospered greatly, and in 1754 numbered about five hundred

The numbers

was thought advisable for several reasons new mission on the other side of the river, which was done in that year.' The account of the attack by the Indians on the mission, Nov. 24, 1755, will be found in the chapter on Indi.in history. The massacre at that time so disIndians.

i

[

It

to establish a

heartened the Moravians that no further attempts were made to rebuild at that place, and after a few years

it

was

left entirely to desolation.

No knowledge

is

obtained as to

who purchased

other portions of the tract of five thousand acres, but the valley was settled between 1750 and 1775 by Eng-

1

in 1879, says, after

at that place,

An

account of

Weissport.

New

Gnadenhiitten will be found in the history of

;

MAHONING TOWNSHIP. lish

families,

—the

Custards,

Tliomases,

Dodsons, Pearts, Johns, and others. families

remained

Gilberts,

Most of these

the close of the Revolution,

till

when they removed to the neighborhood of the Susquehanna River. Sketches of a few of the families are here given.

The name of Custard occurs as that of one of the who located in the Mahoning Valley. But little is known of him or his family. The most that is trustworthy concerning him is in a letter from Timsettlers

who

othy Horsfield, Esq., of Bethlehem,

writes to

Governor Morris, Nov. 26, 1755, on receiving the news of the massacre at Gnadenhiitten. After speaking of the escape of Joseph Sturges, George Partch and his wife, and their arrival at Bethlehem, where they reported the affair, he says, that "Monday, the 24th instant, an hour before sunset, George Custard with two

came to Mahoning (the place murder was committed at), and informed them that in the evening they might expect a number of armed men to be with them all night." No further mention is made of George Custard or the neighbors others of the neighbors

and taken

The house was plundered and all The Indians then visited the Benjamin Peart, who a year or two previous

The name

that were with him.

does not appear on

and

it is

probable that the family

fled.

The family of Benjamin Gilbert came to the valley of the Mahoning in 1775, and settled on the Mahoning Creek at the place now owned by Michael Garber. His step-son, Benjamin Peart, located about half a mile away. Benjamin Gilbert was a native of Byberry, fifteen miles from Philadelphia, where he was born in the year 1711. He was educated by the Quakers, and resided near his birthplace till he moved He married a lady to the Mahoning Valley, in 1775.

whom

he had several children. They arrived at years of maturity, and several of them setAbout the year 1748 he published a treatled there. In tise against war in answer to Gilbert Tennent. 1769 and 1770 he published two large works on religious subjects. After the death ofTiis wife he conin his

youth by

tracted a second marriage with Elizabeth, the

of Benjamin Peart, It

was some years

who

also

had

widow

several children.

after this second marriage that

was decided to move

north of the Blue Ridge.

it

His

sons and daughters, connections and friends were not strangers to the dangers to which they would be exposed,

and earnestly besought them

to

remain in their

midst.

The journey was made. The party consisted of Benjamin Gilbert, his wife Elizabeth, his sons, Joseph, Jesse, and Abner Rebecca and Elizabeth, daughters Benjamin and Thomas Peart, sons of Mrs. Gilbert. ;

After reaching the place selected, a comfortable log house and barn were erected. Later a saw-mill and grist-mill

were erected on the creek, which drew cuslarge extent of country and rendered the

tom from a

position of the family comfortable.

After five years

of quiet the family was surprised on the morning of the 25th of April, 1780, by a party of eleven Indians

captives.

the buildings burned.

house of had married and settled about half a mile away, and captured him and his wife and child. Abigail, a daughter of Samuel Dodson, a neighbor, had brought from home to the mill early in the morning a grist, and she was still there and captured with the rest.'^

The family was in bondage two years and five months, and on the 22d of August, 1783, its members were gathered together in Montreal and soon after returned to Byberry, with the exception of Benjamin,

who

died June 8, 1780, while going down Lawrence, Andrew Harrigar, who escaped and returned to Byberry, and conveyed the first knowledge of the fate and condition of the family, and Abigail Dodson, who was adopted by one of the the father,

the river

St.

families of the

Cayuga Nation.

After the return of the family, in 1783, the farm in

the

the assessment-roll of the township in 1781 or 1808,

Y43

Mahoning Valley was

sold to Capt. Joseph Longwho, with Robert McDaniel, went up to the place and rebuilt the house and mill. How long Capt. Longstreth remained is not known. His name does not appear in the assessment-roll of 1808. Later the property was owned by Dr. S. Kennedy, and in 1820 was bought by Septimus Hough.

the

streth,

The family

of

Samuel Dodson came

to the valley

about the same time the Gilberts came in. They settled about a mile distant, on a farm now owned by David D. Kistler, near Pleasant Corner. He was a native of Chester County, where he was married, and where his children were born. Abigail, when fourteen years of age, was sent by her father to the mill of Benjamin Gilbert, on the Mahoning Creek, early on the morning of the 25th of April, 1780. She was captured with the Gilbert family by the Indians. She

was separated from the others, and adopted first by a tribe of the Cayugas and later by others. The family of Dodsons remained upon their plantation, and did not, like many others, abandon their settlement. In 1785, Thomas Dodson, a cousin of Abigail, determined to go up to the northward and make a search for Abigail.

He

was provided with the necessary

equipment, and started on horseback. After much search she was found in the Genesee Valley with the As tribe of Indians by which she had been adopted. her return at some time had been anticipated, it had been decided that if her friends came for her she

would be allowed

to go.

The

Thomas

arrived,

chief of the tribe was

and the family of which she was a member, although loath to let her leave them, consented, and preparations were made

away

at the time

for her departure.

A

new

suit of

Indian cloth, orna-

mented with beads, was made for her, and feasts were given at which many gathered. When all was ready account of their captivity and wanderings will be found in the An account was verbally given by them on their return, in 1783, and was written by William Walton, and published 1

An

chapter on Indian historj'.

by Joseph Cruikshank in 1784.

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

744

they departed. For some reason, Thomas had left his horse at Genesee, a few miles away. Upon reaching the place and applying for his horse, the man in whose care he had left him refused to let him have the horse

Isaac T. Dodson came to Mauch Chunk in 1820, and entered the employ of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company. He was appointed justice of the peace Jan. 9, 1828, and served many years. He died

except upon the payment of one hundred dollars. As he had not that much money, he was compelled to

in

leave him. An arrangement was made by which they were taken to Towanda, where Thomas obtained a canoe, in which they paddled and floated down the Susquehanna Eiver to Salem, and stopped at the

house of Nathan Beach. He provided them with a horse, and they proceeded on their way to Mahoning Valley, where they arrived in October, 1786. Abigail had been absent from home five years and six mouths, during which time she had been with several different tribes and had learned the languages of five of them. On arriving near home, Abigail went to the house first

and knocked.

Her mother came

to the door, in-

and called her husband, saying, " Here is a squaw, and a pretty good-looking one, too." Her father came in, and neither of them recognized her, upon which Abigail exclaimed, " Mother, don't you know me?" Thomas soon came in, and the family gathered around the long-lost one, and great was their joy at her return. The story of her captivity and wanderings was known to the family, up vited her in, stepped back

to the time of her separation

from the Gilberts, who

returned in 1783, and adoption by the Cayugas, but from that time no trace of her had been found until this time.

She had

for so long

been accustomed

to

life that she did not feel at home for some and often longed for the old life, but this feeling passed away. She remained at home, and moved with the family in 1797 to Shamokin, and later to Huntington township, Luzerne Co., where she married Peter Brink, and lived many years and died, leaving no children.' The family of Samuel Dodson lived at the place where they settled in 1775 till 1797. Samuel Dodson, the father, died in 1795, and was buried at Lizard Creek. His children were John, Thomas, Samuel, Joseph, Hannah, Elizabeth, Polly, Abigail, and

Indian

time,

John, the eldest son, after the death of his

Sally.

management of the farm, and in 1797 and the family all moved to Shamokin. The children of Samuel had all reached maturity, and several of them were married and settled on the homefather, took the

sold

it,

stead farm in

Mahoning Valley. Joseph was married

before the death of the father;

known

so well

and Isaac T. Dodson,

to old citizens of the county of Carbon,

was born on the homestead farm

in 1796.

His

father,

Mauch Chunk

in 1873, aged seventy-seven years.

His son, George W. Dodson, was a teacher in Mauch Chunk, and in the employ of the Coal and Navigation

Company.

He

Mary

died in 1863.

Focht), Elizabeth (Mrs.

Owen

hala D. (Mrs. Israel Beahm),

(Mrs.

Abraham

Williams), and Maall

of

Mauch Chunk,

are daughters of Isaac T. Dodson.

be remembered that Capt. Joseph Longfarm in 1783, and at that time Eobert McDaniel came to the valley with him. He was born Aug. 24, 1756, in a small lumbering vilIt will

streth purchased the Gilbert

lage near the Penobscot Falls, Maine.

He

was ap-

prenticed by his father to Capt. Joseph Longstreth, of

Philadelphia, to learn the trade of a tanner and curAfter a resirier, and lived in that city some years.

dence of a year or two at the mill with Capt. Longstreth in the valley, he bought a tract of land not far from the Gilbert mill, now partly owned by Samuel Moser, and married Elizabeth Hicks. She was born in 1766, and is said to have been a native of Lizard Creek Valley, and when very young was placed in charge of William Thomas, who lived near where the

Benn Salem Church the Hicks family

farm, and lived

is

stands.

obtained.

many

years.

No

other knowledge of

They settled upon the They died there, and

were buried in the Benn Salem churchyard. Their children were Rachel, Nancy, Lydia, Elizabeth, Robert, and James. Rachel became the wife of Charles Haney, and settled in the township. Mrs. Henry Arner is a daughter. Lewis Haney, for many years a teacher in the township and the first coroner of the county, was a son. Nancy became the wife of Samuel Solt, and settled in Lehighton. Lydia married Joseph Musselman, lived for a time in the township, and moved to Ohio. Oliver, a son, remained with his grandfather, and*taught school in the township, was elected register and recorder in 1846 and 1849, and later moved to Ohio, where he is now a journalist. Elizabeth became the wife of Christian Klotz (who came from Lowhill, Lehigh Co.), in 1816. They settled near the homestead, and in 1828 moved to what is now the Hoppes Mill, where she died in 1826, aged thirty-one years. Robert, son of Robert, emigrated to the West. James, the youngest son, settled in the township, and died there. His son, J. T. McDaniel, keeps the old Freyman Hotel, and is postmaster.

The

who Mahoning Valley between the years 1750 From the latter year, to 1805-6, no settle-

sketches given thus far are of families

moved with the rest of the family to Shamokin. After a few years most of the family of Samuel removed to Huntington township, Luzerne Co., where

settle in the

their descendants are numerous.

of the families that were there remained. In fact, the descendants of Robert McDaniel are the only ones whose ancestors were in the limits of the present

Joseph,

1

One

return is

of tha leggings,

is

now

trimmed with beads, wliioli slie wore upon her Boehm, of Mauch Chunlt, who

in the posseuBion of Robert

of the family.

and 1785. ments seem

to

have been made, and but one or two

Mahoning township prior to 1800. The assessment-roll of Penn township of 1781

con-

:

MAHONING TOWNSHIP. tains the following

dent in what

is

names of persons who were resiMahoning township Samuel

to-day

:

Dodson, Richard Dodson, George Gilbert, George J. The names of Michael Hoppes and Michael Gilbert. S. Hoppes appear, but disappear in 1808 in East Penn,andare found the same year in West Penn township.

The following persons are named on the assessmentroll of East Penn township in 1808, when it was first set off,

and were residents of the present township

Musselman. Andrew Beck, of Siegersville, Lehigh Co., about the year 1800, purchased a lumber tract on the Nesquehoning Creek, about half a mile below the present village of Nesquehoning, upon which he erected a

The site is now owned by Cornelius Zangle. About 1805 he purchased one hundred and thirty-five acres of land in Mahoning township for his son, Andrew, who lived upon it three years, and in 1808 sold it to his brother, George Beck, who settled there and lived saw-mill.

his days.

He

died in 1870.

dren, all living except one.

Delcher)

is

ford

;

twelve chil-

;

Daniel

is

also

Thomas G. lives at Lehighton James M. Keller) resides at Lans-

others are in

John Freyman

left

Caroline (Mrs. Gabriel

on the homestead

living

living in the township

Christiana (Mrs.

He

;

;

Ohio and

Illinois.

about the year 1800 on a farm near Stewart's Run, on which his grandson, Thomas, now resides. He had sons, Jacob, Henry, and George. Jacob settled on the homestead, where settled

—

he died in 1882, aged seventy-five years. Henry lived unmarried, and built the hotel where J. G. McDaniel

now

George settled in the upper part of the township, and later kept hotel and store at Pleasant Corner, and owned the farm now owned by the Kistlers. He died in 1849, aged thirty-five years. His son, William G. Freyman, is an attorney at Mauch Chunk. Peter Musselman, a native of Upper Milford, Lehigh Co., came to the Mahoning Valley in 1807, and purchased the farm now owned by his grandson, Thomas Musselman. He died in 1860. Of his sons, Joseph married Lydia, the daughter of Robert McDaniel, settled near the homestead for a short time, and removed to Ohio. Oliver Musselman, of Ohio, is their son. Charles settled near his father, and still Jacob settled resides there, well advanced in years. on the homestead, and married Rebecca, the daughter of John G. Kemerer. Their son, Thomas, now owns the property. Susan became the wife of George Kamerer, and settled at Lehighton. Polly became Mrs. Boaz, and Walton, the youngest, emigrated to Warsaw, Ind. It is not known what year the Notestines came to the township, but in the year 1808 the three brothers (Henry, Peter, and John) were owners of property at Centre Square. Their father, Peter Notestine, lived resides,

and kept

it

for several years.

He had served in the Revolutionary war, was well advanced in years, died there, and was buried in the graveyard near Centre Square. Henry with them.

resided at Centre Square, and about 1818 erected the store-house now owned by David Longaker. stone

A

in the building records that

it

was built by " Henry

Notestine and his wife, Barbara." He left several children,— Daniel, Henry, Elias, and John. Daniel lived on the homestead, and died in 1873. A daugh-

H. Seidel) is a resident at Centre Square. Henry remained at home a few years after arriving at ter (Mrs. C.

Andrew Beck, John and Abraham Freyman, Robert McDaniel, Peter, Henry, and John Notestine, Peter

all

745

maturity, kept the hotel at Pennsville at one time, and

removed to Kansas, where he died. Elias lived home, and died in 1878. John resides in the township of East Penn. Peter Notestine settled on Mahoning Mopntain. His daughter, Catharine (Mrs. Peter Xandres), lives on part of the homestead. Of his other children, Rachel (Mrs. Lauchner) and Elizabeth (Mrs. Kochner) settled in the township, and are both deceased. John, brother of Henry and Peter, emigrated to Fort Wayne, Ind. Matthew (a younger brother of Henry), Peter, and John, after arriving at maturity, settled on a farm between Henry and His children were Daniel, Jonas, David, Peter. James, and Joseph. Daniel, Jonas, and James settled in East Penn township, David in Mahoning, and Joseph in Lehighton. The names of Abram and Jost Miller appear on the roll of 1808, and when Henry Arner came to the township, in 1817, he rented a farm of Isaac Miller, which he afterwards purchased. Henry was born in Lehigh County in 1798, and when three years of age was taken with his father's family to what became, in later

at

He married about 1817, 1808, West Penn township. and came to the Mahoning Valley and rented a farm, where he now lives, and resided there seven years. About 1825 he purchased one hundred and nineteen acres of land of James Brodrick, now owned by Ammon Arner, and resided there thirty years, and purchased one hundred and twenty-five acres, including his present place, of his son, Tilghman Arner, and moved to the old home, where he now resides. He was engaged in the manufacture of shoes about the time of the opening of the coal-mines at Summit Hill, and He had by his first wife later manufactured powder. Tilghman, Abigail, Eliza, Amnion, five children, and Louisa. Tilghman resided in and near New Mahoning, and died in 1880. Abigail (Mrs. Amos Reille), Eliza (Mrs. Benjamin Koontz), and Louis^ (Mrs. Zachariah Long) are residents of Lehighton. Ammon resides at New Mahoning, where he carries on the mercantile business, and also conducts a large

—

farm.

In the year 1819, Jacob Fenstermacher came to what is now New Mahoning, and soon after erected the hotel which he kept till his death. It is now kept

by

his son, Stephen.

Christian Klotz was born

Northampton (now Lehigh)

in Co.,

Lowhill township,

May

14, 1789.

He

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

746

was a miller by trade, and about 1814 came to the Landing Tavern, on the Lehigh River, and for a year or two was at work rafting and in the mill. In the year 1816 he went up the Mahoning Creek, and obtained work in the mill on the site of the Gilbert Mill. In this year he married Elizabeth, the daughter of Robert McDaniel, who lived a short distance from the mill. He remained at the mill till about 1823, when he built a mill on Pine Creek, now known as the Hoppes mill-site, and moved his family thereto. At this place his wife died, Nov. 5, 1826, aged thirty-one

years,

leaving

five

children,

Robert, Charlotte, Anna, and Joseph.

Anna

— Ammon,

Ammon

and

(Mrs. Grover) settled in Franklin township,

where the former

is

Charlotte became

still living.

the wife of a Mr. Yost, and

long since deceased. Joseph resides at Pittston, Luzerne Co., Pa. Robert is

May 4,

until

A

son,

1852.

James

P.,

A

son,

now

Mauch Chunk township. Hough the property was who now owns it.

A

many years ago. Mount Jeflferson, in

John, died

lives at

After the death of Mr. sold to

Michael Garber,

sketch of the Balliet family will be found in the North Whitehall township, Lehigh Co., to

history of

which place the

first

of the family, Paul Balliet, emi-

Joseph Balliet, who settled in this township, was a son of Leonard Balliet, a native of Northampton (now Lehigh) County, who settled in West Penn township, Schuylkill Co. Joseph bought a farm first at Centre Square, now owned by Joseph Hunsecker, and later he purchased a farm of Jacob Feller, which he lived on and where he died in 1881, aged eighty-seven years. He left a son, Nathan, who lives on the homestead. Thomas M. Balliet, the presgrated in 1742.

common

lives at

Mauch Chunk. He was elected the first and recorder of the county of Carbon in 1843, has filled many important offices, and was a

ent superintendent of

register

Nathan Balliet. Solomon Gordon, who,

member

Gilbert Mill, was a blacksmith, and had a shop at that place. Later he moved about half a mile east,

of Congress for this district in the Forty-

sixth Congress.

Christian Klotz married a second

by whom he had several children. He died at Lehighton, March 12, 1848, aged fifty-nine years, and was buried by the side of his first wife in the Morawife,

vian Cemetery.

John, Jacob, and Daniel Klotz, brothers of Chriscame to the Mahoning Valley and settled. John died in Lehighton in 1829. Jacob and Daniel lived tian,

and died in Mahoning township. John G. Kamerer, a native of Lehigh County, came to the valley in 1818, and purchased the farm now owned by Zachariah Ham. Of his children, Thomas is

now

president of the National

Bank of Lehighton.

Theodore R. and William are engaged in business at Lehighton. Catharine also resides in that place. Rebecca, one of the elder children, became the wife of Joseph Musselman, and removed to Ohio. Thomas Beltz, a son of Leonard and Elizabeth Beltz, was a native of Towamensing township, where he was born in 1805. In 1820 he engaged with the Coal and Navigation Company at Summit Hill, and worked for them fifteen years. During this time he married Rebecca, a daughter of Jonathan Bachman, and settled in what is now Mahoning township. She died early in life, leaving two children, of whom Nathan resides in Stockton, Luzerne Co., Pa. He married, as a second wife, Maria, the daughter of Henry Arner, who is still living. Harrison A. Beltz, now justice of the peace at Lehighton,

is

a son.

The mother of Thomas Beltz resided with him in her later years, and died at hi« house in February, 1867, at the age of one hundred and five yearn. She was a daughter of Frederick Boyer, and was born in Towamensing township, Dec. 14, 1761. Septimus Hough, a Quaker, who was a native of

Bucks County, born near Doylestown, in the year 1820 purchased the old Gilbert mill and farm and settled there.

His wife died in 1845, and he survived her

in

schools, is a son of

1808,

lived near the

where he lived a few years and then emigrated to the West, and died on the way. Philip Sanders, in 1808, lived on the road from Lehighton to New Mahoning, where his son, John,

now

resides.

Jonathan Bachman

is

mentioned in 1808.

His

daughter married Thomas Beltz. In the year 1842, when the township was erected and the first assessment-roll was made, the following persons' names appeared in connection with the prop-

and pursuits here given John Ammon, clock-maker and trader. Henry Arner, powder-mill and saw-mill. John Betz, grist-mill.

erties

:

Jacob Fenstenmacher, innkeeper. Michael Garber, grist- and saw-mill.

David Heller, tan-yard. Reuben Hagenbuch, innkeeper. Christian Horn, innkeeper and butcher.

Alfred Havline, merchant- and powder-mill.

Morganroth & Hanline, merchants. William Horn, teacher. Abram Horn, innkeeper. George Heilman, saw-mill. John Kuntz, grist- and saw-mill. Jacob Musselman, saw-mill.

,^--

^^

^^

Henry Notestine, saw-mill. John Solt, saw-mill. Stores— Mills.— The first store in the township outside of what is now the borough of Lehighton was opened by Thomas Walton before the year 1825 on the farm now owned by A. Reigel, a quarter of a mile east of the New Mahoning post-ofllce. He also opened a hotel and blacksmith-shop. The store was soon after kept by Abraham Hanline, and later by Hunsicker, and the hotel was abandoned. About 1820, Henry Arner opened a shoe-factory on

A

MAHONING TOWNSHIP. the present farm of Ammon Arner to supply the miners at Summit Hill. Henry Bretnich learned his trade with Arner, and upon his retirement, in 1835,

succeeded to the business, and continued

till

1855.

In 1832, Henry Arner and Abraham Hanline erected a powder-mill on the site of the present bone- and saw-mill of Ammon Arner. An explosion occurred in 1839 or 1840,

the buildings.

which resulted in the destruction of They were rebuilt, and on the 8th of

The pastors who have served the Lutheran congregation have been as follows: Rev. E. A. Bauer and W. H. Strauss, the last named being

burial-place.

now

Abraham Bartholomew the last mentioned now occupies the pulpit. The church is situated about a mile ;

east of

New Mahoning,

brother of the present State representative, E. H. Sny-

east of

were killed. The mill was again rebuilt, and run under the management of Jonas Fritz until 1854, when it was abandoned. Hanline & Morganroth erected a powder-mill after 1842 on the run where

1861.

David Kuntz now stands. This was run for many years by John Erb for the proprietors. An explosion occurred and one man was killed. It was rebuilt, and again exploded, killing two brothers, Kemerer, and wounding Emanuel Durmitzer, then one of the proprietors.

These powder-mills

employment to charcoal-burners, prominent among whom was Robert Blair, a Scotchman, who burned charcoal in the summer and taught school in the winter. He also had a cooper-shop, and emgave

men

ployed several

to

make

kegs.

Gabriel Dilcher

and David Miller were coopers and worked at the shop.

first

one built was one on the

Heilman

site

of

what is known

which was built before the deIt was owned by Nathan Hinkle. His name does not appear in 1781, and he probably abandoned his settlement. The next mill was built by Benjamin Gilbert, soon after 1775, upon the site of the Garber Mill of to-day. After its destruction, in 1780, Capt. Joseph Longstreth purchased the property, in 1783, and rebuilt it. The property passed to D. and S. Kennedy, and from them to Sepas the

Evangfelical Church.— The Evangelical Church, Mahoning township, is about half a mile

New Mahoning. The

edifice

was erected in

Prior to 1873 the church was supplied with

who were located at WeissSince that year the ministers

preaching from ministers port and other places.

of the association at Lehighton have served the church,

and have been as here given Rev. A. F. Leopold, A. Kreeker, D. B. Albright, B. J. Smoyer, and W. K. Wieand, the present pastor. Beaver Run Methodist Episcopal Church.— society of Jlethodists was organized into a church in the spring of 1881, and a church edifice was erected, at a cost of eight hundred dollars, on the road leading from Packerton to Tamaqua, about three miles west from Lehighton. It was dedicated on the 29th of January, 1882, and placed under the charge of the :

Rev. L. B. Hoflinan.

— A post-office

Post-Offices.

was established, about

New Mahoning, with Tilghman Arner as postmaster. He was succeeded by John H. Arner, 1850, at

The first grist-mills erected in the limits of the township were at the Gnadenhiitten Mission soon after the arrival of the Moravians, in 1746. After this the

on the road leading from Le-

highton up the valley. situated in

the bone-mill of

The German Reformed have been

in charge.

served by the Rev. Charles Eichenberg and the Rev.

June, 1841, another explosion took place, and Daniel Arner, a son of Henry Arner, and John Snyder, a der,

747

Mill,

struction of the mission.

timus Hough,

who

sold

it

to the present owner.

was erected by Christian Klotz, in 1823, on the stream and by the site now occupied by Solomon Hoppes. The old mill is still standing. The present mill was built across the street about 1850, by the present owner. It was operated in 1842 by John Beltz. In 1832, David Boyer, a native of Berks County, came to the township and established a gun-shop on the site of the present St. John's Church, where he manufactured guns for three years. He removed to

The next

mill of importance

Orwigsburg.

He

married Hannah, a daughter of

George Beck.

Lutheran and German Reformed Churches.— This congregation was organized prior to 1850, and At in that year erected the present church edifice. the same time a lot adjoining was laid out for a

who

A and

is

the present incumbent.

post-office later

was established at Pleasant Corner, to the Freyman Hotel, where it is T. McDaniel.

moved

now kept by

J.

—

Schools. The first schools in the limits of the township were kept by the Moravians at the Gnadenhiitten Mission,

between 1746 and 1755.

About 1820

a log house was built on the site of the old mission, and used many years. It was in charge of the Moravians of Bethlehem.

The

site is

now embraced

in

the limits of Lehighton borough. About 1823 schools were commenced in difierent parts of the township, at Centre Square a lot of thirty acres was purchased for church and school purposes, about the year 1830, and placed in charge of trustees. A schoolhouse was erected, and used many years it is still

and

;

standing, but unused. rebuild,

it

When

it

became necessary

was decided that the

to

trustees could not

title to the board of school directors, and another was purchased and a school building erected in 1873. Of early teachers in the township, Isaac Har-

give lot

leman, Samuel Dodson, and John Fulton taught while the old system was in vogue, and John Fulton was a teacher many years after the school law of 1834 was adopted. Harleman taught at Centre Square, and was succeeded by Fulton. Dodson taught between Centre Square and Lehighton. About 1835-

Lewis Haney, a native of the township, commenced teaching at Pleasant Corner, and taught 36,

:

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

748

several years. The school law was accepted by this township about 1840; the township was divided into districts. The school-houses that had been used were still continued, and where there were none in the limits of the district, school

up

fitted

— either

was held

dwellings or shops

in

buildings

— until

a house

was erected for the purpose. The district in which Lehighton was situated was made an independent district in 1866, and Packerton also became an independent district in 1872. The following districts are

now

in the

township:

District No.

2,

Lehighton

to

is

is

situated west from Le-

is

known

as Pleasant Corner.

situated a little north of the hotel

The

and on

the main road. District No.

4,

or

New Mahoning,

is

situated in the

The school New Mahoning

centre of the west end of the township. is

situated nearly at the corners, at

The present building was erected in 1873. No. 5 is known as Centre Square, and embraces the southwest corner of the township. The present school-house was built in 1873. District No. 6 is known as Garber's. The schoolhouse is situated on the road south of Mahoning Creek and near the Eagle Hotel. District No. 7, known as Nishollow, is situated between Mahoning Creek and the East Penn townshipline. The school-house is on the valley road, in the post-office.

District

west part of the District No. 8

district. is

bounded by Lehigh River, East

Penn township. District No. 7, and Lehighton borough. The school-house is on the road that runs along the township-line. Districts Nos. 10 and 11 embrace the territory of the north part of the township. The school-houses in each are placed about the centre of the district, on the main road that runs along the base of the mountain.

The

school directors elected since the erection of

Carbon County have been as follows: 1844.— Charles Keyser, Christian Klotz. 1845.— W. H. H. Barton, Jacob Everts. 1846. John Derr, John B. Amon, Jacob Bowman. 1847. Daniel Sendel, Jonathan Freyman, George

— —

Cunfer.

'

^

1848.— E. Durnietzer, Henry Arner. 1849.— Thomas Beltz, John Sendel, Ammon Klotz. I860.— Francis Stucker, E. A. Bauer. 1851.— Benjamin Kuntz, Tilghman Arner. 1852.— George Smith, Conrad Solt. 1853.— Henry Bretnich, William Horn. 1854. Thomas Kemerer, Oliver Muaselman. 1855.— Thomas H. Beck, Zachariah H. Long. 1856.— Amos Eeigel, William Horn. 1857.— Charles Xandres, Nathan Klotz. 1858.— Nathan Mosser, William Kistler. 1859.— Jonas Horn, Gabriel Dilchert, Elwin Bauer. I860.— Ammon Arner, Elwin Bauer.

—

Miller.

— Amos Miller, Daniel Olewine. — Gabriel Dilchert, Thomas Kemerer. 1866. — Conrad Hausman, Josiah Musselman, George 1864.

1865.

Kemerer.

1867.— W. G. Freyman, Joseph Everts. 1868.— Elias Sheve, Amos Miller. 1869.— David Kistler, Charles Sittler. 187-0.— Nathan Balliet, William G. Freyman. 1871.— John McKelby, Tilghman Amer. 1872. Henry Nothstein, John Sterner. 1873.— Daniel Bach, William Horn.

—

New Mahoning.

District No. 3

school

Sendel's,

The school-house stands on the road from

highton.

— Thomas Kemerer, John Lentz, Elias Sheve. —Jonas A. Horn, Thomas McClean. 1863. — Ammon Arner, Reuben Hunsicker, Jonas 1861.

1862.

Bretnich, P. D. Keiser.

1874.

1875.— P. D. Keiser, Jacob Hoffman. 1876. Nathan Mosser, David Longaker. 1877.— Moses Rex, Godfrey Peters. 1878. George Boyer, John Freyman.

— — 1879. — None reported.

1880.— J. T. Semmel, Amos Riegel, John McKelvy. 1881.— William Sittler, J. H. G. Horn. 1882. 1883.

The

— Henry Long, Godfrey Peters. —Jacob Frantz, David Longaker.

following

a

is

li.st

of the justices of the peace

since 1846

Thomas Kemerer, elected March, 1846. John Horn, elected March, 1847. Thomas Kemerer, elected March, 1851. Tilghman Arner, elected March, 1852. Thomas Kemerer, elected March, 1856. Tilghman Arner, elected March, 1857. William Kistler, elected March, 1861. H. Snyder, elected March, 1864. William G. Freyman, elected March, 1866. Nathan Mosser, elected March, 1867. Thomas M. Weaver, elected October, 1870. Tilghman Arner, elected March, 1872. J. C. Xandres, elected March, 1874. Elias

Nathan Mosser,

elected March, 1875.

Thomas Weaver, elected March, 1876. Nathan Mosser, elected March, 1880. Thomas Musselman, elected March, 1881. Packerton' is situated on the Lehigh River, midway between Lehighton and Mauch Chunk. It was originally called Burlington. The owners of the soil prior to the great freshet of 1862 were engaged in

Mauch Chunk furnishing a ready market for their products. The Beaver Meadow Railroad, passing through this place, extending as far down as

small farming,

was built in 1837. Asa Packer, projector and builder of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, bought the Beaver Meadow Railroad extension from Mauch Chunk. Mauch Chunk was the shipping-point. After the great freshet the Parryville,

increasing coal tonnage of the Lehigh Valley Rail-

1

By

-W.

Lee

Stiles.

PACKER TOWNSHIP. demanded more room. Asa Packer therefore made large purchases of land at this point of George and John Dolon and others, with a view to making it

road

the shipping-point for all coal passing east.

shop, round-house,

and forwarding

office

were

A

car-

built,

opened.

The

About

1830.

Stucker, and

building entire

;

also

tonnage

immense

coal

traffic.

The forward-

commodious brick the weigh-scales, over which pass the located here in a

east,

reaching several million tons per

1852, George

It is

A

which has been given. The first by Jacob Fenstermacher in 1820. The store was kept many years by Tilghman Arner. About the year 1835 a hotel was erected by Henry 1819, an account of

The male

portion find

employment

owned as follows: W. F. BrodKrum, Alfred Vanscooter, John Fritzinger, Tilghman Remaly, Mrs. Luke BoyIan, Charles Langkamerer, John McGinn, and George Dolon. John C. Dolon, of Mauch Chunk, is a large real-estate owner, and has several tenant-houses. A post-office was established here, with the late M. W. Raudenbush as the first postmaster. Lyman Mc-

private residences,

head, Levi Miller, Levi

Daniel is the present incumbent. Packerton is an independent school and election district, and has a fine large brick school-house (the of Asa Packer), a Methodist Church (originally intended to be a Union Church), two stores, and a large hotel (owned by the present landlord, Leopold

gift

The population

is

made up

of

all

CHAPTER

is

with the railroad company, some few on the Lehigh and Susquehanna Division of the Reading Railroad, which passes through the place. There are but few

Myers).

Freyman on the road from Tamaqua to Lehighton, and kept by him several years. He was succeeded respectively by Philip and James Ginter, and JonaAt present John T. McDaniel is the than Seidle.

movement of

large bulk of the coal

weighed by night. The entire yard, about two miles in length, is illumined by the Metropolitan Electric Light. Two large round-houses, to house sixty engines, and also a large machine-shop, are being pushed The population is between two and to completion. three hundred.

that contains a few

Ammon Arner, a post-office,

a hotel kept by Stephen Fenstermacher, and a schoolhouse. Business operations have been carried on to considerable extent in and near the settlement since

landlord.

of sufficient grade to permit the

the possession of Francis

New Mahoning is a settlement

It will hold over three thoufinest in the country. sand loaded coal-cars, and about the same number of empty cars. The approach to the upper end of the is

in

built a hotel on Mahoning, at the This he kept for sev-

New

kept as a hotel.

dwellings, a store kept by

hotel was opened

loaded cars by gravity.

now

is still

annum. The car-shops, employing several hundred men, is an important feature. In the shops is some of the finest and most improved machinery in the country. Upon the accession of Harry E. Packer to the presidency of the Lehigh Valley Railroad great and much-needed improvements were made. The shipping-yard was enlarged, and is now one of the

yard

Freyman

placed called Pleasant Corner. eral years.

is

school-house in the township (ex-

the road from Lehighton to

employes were erected. Shortly after this the name was changed to Packerton. It is the central point of the Lehigh Valley Railing department

first

cept the Moravian school) was built at this place about

additional tracks laid, and dwelling-houses for the

road Company's

749

creeds and

nationalities, composing a law-abiding, Sabbath-observing people, frugal, industrious, and, of course, cor-

respondingly happy.

Centre Square is a settlement situated near the west end of the township, and not far from the line of East Penn township, and contains several dwellThe property ings, a store, school-house, and hotel. belonged to the Notestines, who settled there alsout 1800. About 1845, Daniel Notestine and George Freyman opened a store at the place, and later a hotel was

XX.

PACKER TOWNSHIP. This township was erected from Lausanne year 1847.

The only

in the

record that appears in the min-

utes of Quarter Sessions is the following, March 24, 1847 " In the matter of the application for a division :

of Lausanne township, the report of commissioners to be recommitted to the commissioners.'' It appears

from the above that a petition had been presented to the court and commissioners appointed, who had made a report that for some reason was not satisfac-

No further record is found but on the 27th of March, 1848, John Foust is returned to the court as constable for Packer township, and from that time the township has been separate and distinct as Packer township. The territory embraces the land lying within a boundary drawn from the Lehigh River, at the mouth of Nesquehoning Creek, to the Schuylkill County line; thence along the line to Banks township along Banks township to the southeast corner of that township from thence, in a southeasterly course, to the Lehigh River thence down the Lehigh River about two hundred rods to the place of beginning. Broad Mountain extends the entire length of the southern and middle portion of the township. The Quakake Valley extends through the township from north to south, and lies between Broad and Spring Mountains. It is watered by the Quakake Creek, which rises in the Spring Mountain, in the west part of Banks township, and flows eastward through the township and through Lehigh, and empties into Lehigh River at Penn Haven. The valley is well adapted to agricultural pursuits, and tory.

;

;

;

;

—

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

750 contains lies in

many

valuable farms.

Spring Mountain

the north part of the township.

The Mahanoy

Division of the Lehigh Valley Rail-

road extends through the Quakake Valley, and there a station near Hudsondale named Hartz, from Col. Jacob Hartz, who was an old settler at this locality, then one of the stopping-places between Wilkesbarre and JIauch Chunk. Over Spring Mountain, from Beaver Meadow and Broad Mountain to Mauch Chunk, a road also extends along the valley and from Hartz to Quakake. A plan of the village of Quakake was recorded in Northampton County records Oct. 7, 1831. It was given as bounded by Branch Creek, Terapin Manor Lane, Turnpike Street, and Kelchner Lane. Elaborate maps were prepared, inducements were offered to purchasers, and a few lots were sold, but the project of founding a village was soon after abandoned. An assessment-roll of Lausanne township, made in 1808, the year that township (which then embraced what is now Packer) was erected, contained the following names of persons whose descendants are still living in this township Daniel, Christopher, and Jacob Gerhard (all single men), Philip Hinkle, Felton Hinkle (single), Jacob Hartz. The father of the Gerhards mentioned was an early settler, and left land to his sons, who at this time were living there, and where some of the sons of Daniel now reside. Daniel, in 1829, lived where his sod, Solomon, now lives. He had six sons, Benjamin, Jonas, Joel, Daniel, Solomon, and Reuben. Jonas, Solomon, and Daniel are yet living, the two first in the township, the latter in Rush township adjoining, in Schuylkill County. Henry, a son of Daniel, owns the grist-mill near the Gerhard Station, on the Mahanoy Division of the Lehigh Valley Railroad. Philip Hinkle lived near the Round Point, or Round Head, on land now owned by Daniel Faust. His sons were George, Philip, Reuben, and Jesse. is

:

—

—

Some

of

them

are

still

living in the township.

Sieber) a

little

sondale Station, on the

Lehigh Valley Railroad,

southeast of where the

Mahanoy Division now stands, and on

—

County in 1829. He had eight children, Jonas, Susan, Sarah (Mrs. Josiah Freese, of Altoona), Mary, Elizabeth, William, Abigail, and Hannah (Mrs. WilJonas and William kept

liam Biesel, of Weatherly).

the tavern several years after their father's death.

The

sons of Jonas

— Levi,

•living in the township, erly.

—

Peter, and George are and Abram lives in Weath-

The daughters

William died unmarried.

Susan, Mary, and Elizabeth

— are

unmarried, and

reside at Weatherly.

John Wetzel was a resident of the township as early and located on land now owned by his sons and grandsons. He had four sons John, Valentine, Daniel, and David and four daughters. The sons settled in the township, and David is still living. The daughters became the wives of Stephen Kerber, James Troy, Lewis Hettinger, and Philip Hinkle. A saw-mill was built many years ago on the property, on one of the streams tributary to Quakake Creek. John Faust, a native of Bucks County, born in 1797, and still living, came to this township, then Lausanne, in April, 1829, with his wife and five children. He purchased two hundred acres of land, part of a large tract owned by Horter and Hepler. There was a log house on the place, in ruins. This was as 1812,

—

—

made

habitable until he could build the present

owned by John Bitner, who is a son-in-law. Here eight more children were born to them. Mrs. house,

Faust died in 1864. Their children were Daniel, Catharine (Mrs. David Keller), Elizabeth (Mrs. Sol-

omon

Rinker),

John

Mary

(Mrs. Peter Hartz), Caroline

These are all living in the at Audenried; Henry, at Mahanoy City and Edward, at Weatherly. Ephraim Balliet came to this township from Luzerne County about 1839 or 1840, and purchased two hundred acres of land adjoining John Faust, and a part of the same tract of four hundred acres. He was elected justice of the peace in 1848, 1857, and 1862. He had two sons, Solomon and Abram. Solomon died in early manhood, and Abram still lives in (Mrs.

Bitner).

John

township.

lives

;

Jacob Hartz settled on what was a little later the line of the Lehigh and Susquehanna turnpike, and built a house there. The road was chartered in 1804, and built about 1808, and Hartz soon after erected a tavern (now and for many years known as the Spring Mountain House). He kept it until about 1820, when he sold to George Kelchner, whose father, Jacob, was a resident in the township in 1808. Mr. Hartz then built a house near by, and lived there several years. He was a clock-maker. Some of his clocks are still in use in the county,— one belongs to Charles Nimson, one to the Dengler family (both of East Penn township), and one to a man in Mahoning township. Some time between 1830 and 1835, Jacob Hartz bought part of a tract of four hundred acres (which belonged in 1801 to Matthias Gangwere and

Abraham

high and Susquehanna turnpike. On this land he built a tavern (in later years known as the Swan), and kept it until his death, about the year 1852. The land is still in possession of his descendants. The other portion of this tract belongs to S. W. Hudson. Col. Jacob Hartz was elected sheriff" of Northampton

Hud-

of

the

the Le-

—

the township. Caroline,

Of

his

three daughters, Elizabeth,

and Mary, the former became the wife of

Edward

Faust, of Weatherly. Matthias Gangwere was part owner of a tract of four hundred acres in 1801, near where Hudsondale Station

now

is.

The name

of

pears in 1849, but in 1883 the

Edward Gangwere apname is not on the as-

Samuel Gangwere was mentioned in Rumble was also the possessor of a large tract in 1801, now the property of S. W. Hudson, whose foundry is upon it. His name appears in an sessment-roll.

1808.

Peter

assessment of 1849.

—

:

PACKER TOWNSHIP. Samuel Powell

He is

also

was warrantee of a large tract. Widow Powell"

died before 1808, as in that year "

assessed on real estate.

The name has disappeared

In addition to these, the Romigs, and others came into the township. The assessment-roll of Packer township, made Feb.

from the township. Steiners, Steels,

26, 1849,

the

after

first

its

erection, returns as follows

Real estate valuation, thirty-seven thousand eight hundred and eighty-seven dollars money at interest, ;

two thousand seven hundred and fifteen dollars; pleasure-carriages, one hundred and five dollars; professions, trades, and occuthousand four hundred dollars; number of taxable inhabitants, sixty-eight. William Hartz and Andrew Siegfried were tavern-keepers. The owners of real estate in the township at that time Ephraim Balliet, Jacob Boughert, are here given John Faust, Daniel Faust, Henry Faust, Daniel Gerhard, Jr., Daniel Gerhard, Sr., Benjamin Gerhard, Joel Gerhard, Jonas Gerhard, Joseph Jones, Henry Beatis, Edward Gangwere, Jonas Hartz, William Hartz, Philip Hinkle, Sr., Philip Hinkle, Jr., George Hinkle, Thomas and William Hart, William Simmers, F. Beatis, Jacob Weiss, Stephen Decatur, George and Benneville Keim, Charles Leivick, George Mack, Peter Rumble, Albright & Romick, Benjamin Eomick, Solomon Rinken, Daniel Steward, Peter Steel, John Steiner, Andrew Potter, Richard Whirter, Samuel Wolf, Wolf & Balliet, Valentine Wetzel,

amount of valuation on pations, etc., three

:

James Washburn, Enoch Washburn, John Wetzel, Daniel Wetzel, John Wetzel, Jr., Michael Young,

Reuben Young. Below is given a synopsis of the assessment-roll of 1883, giving valuation, farmers, and professions. The valuation on real estate is given as fifty-eight thousand six hundred and five dollars total county and State tax, three hundred and thirty-five dollars ;

and seventy-one cents. The names of those who are assessed as farmers are here given John C. Bittner, John Duncan, William S. Dietrich, George Esop, John Englehard, Lewis L. Evans, Nicholas Erckman, Daniel Faust, David D. :

Gerhard, S. D. Gerhard, Jonas Gerhard, Philip Hin-

Job Jenkins, Thomas Kane, Sr., George Leiminger, Jacob Mace, John Pascoe, Nathan Romig, Jacob H. Ritter, John Romig, Sr., Thomas Romig, Reed & Howe, David L. Stewart, Reuben Steiner, Simon Smith, David Wetzel, John Webb. Of other occupations in the township the following are assessed: Dupont Powder Magazine Company, Laflin & Rand Powder Magazine Company, Schaghticoke Powder Company, Cassidy, Miller & Co., steam saw-mill; Daniel & Sarah Gerhard, grist-mill S. D. & Jonas kle,

;

Gerhard, saw-mill

;

S.

W. Hudson, lumberman,

saw-

and grist-mill; S. B. Hudson, lumberman; Joseph Henry Gerhard and James 0. Sattelle, hotel-keeper ;

Smith, millers; H. A. Gerber, teacher; Abraham Romig & Martin Baettzer, blacksmiths. grist-mill was built on the Quakake Mills.—

A

751

Creek, about two miles above where Gerhard's Station

now

before 1829, and owned by George and BenneKeim. It was purchased by John Faust in 1841, and run by him until 1849, when he removed it to its present location below Gerhard Station. It is now owned by Henry Gerhard. is,

ville

The

saw-mill,

now

in ruins, at Gerhard's Station

was built about 1840 by the Gerhards, and continued till 1870. Saw-mills were erected many years ago on the creek that passes through the Steiner jjroperty, and owned by them. In 1849, Gerhard & Balliet owned a saw-mill on Quakake Creek, now owned by Solomon and Jonas Gerhard.

The saw-mill on the Wetzel property is still in use, having been built many years ago. In 1859, S. W. Hudson came to the township, and purchased property near what is now Hudsondale, a part of the Peter Rumble tract. A saw-mill was on the creek, which had been previously operated by William Koontz. This was rebuilt and operated sevThe next year (1860) Mr. Hudson erected eral years. a foundry, which was carried on till 1881. In 1869 the present stone grist-mill at Hudsondale was erected, with four runs of stone. A steam saw-mill was erected in 1882 on the Nesquehoning Creek, by Cassidy, Miller & Co. This is the only business interest south of the Broad Mountain.

Powder-Mills and Magazines.— Soon after the war several gentlemen built a powderThey mill, called the Quakake Mills, at Quakake. manufactured several years, had one or two explosions, and in 1873 sold to the Laflin Powder Manufacturing Company, who rebuilt the mills, and continued the business until about 1878, when the works blew up, and the company removed to Laflin, near Wilkesbarre, where they now carry on the manuclose of the

facture.

& Rand

were in possession of forty and the Schaghticoke Powder Company one acre. In 1871 each of these companies built a magazine for holding powder. In 1869, Smith

acres of land on Broad Mountain,

The firm of Smith & Rand had changed to & Rand Powder Company, who, a little

the Laflin later,

pur-

chased the land and magazine of the Schaghticoke Company. The company now has two magazines, with a capacity of five thousand kegs each. They are located on the Broad Mountain, on the old turnThe pike, about three miles from Mauch Chunk.

company also has a magazine with capacity of two thousand kegs, located at Hudsondale. Robert Klotz & Son, of Mauch Chunk, are agents for the company. The Dupont Powder Company established two magazines on the turnpike road, at the foot of Broad Mountain, in 1836. The present capacity of one is ten thousand kegs, and of the other five thousand kegs. is

Alexander W. Leisenring, of Mauch Chunk,

agent for this company.

HISTORY OP CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

752

—

Taverns. The first tavern in the limits of what now Packer township was started by Col. Jacob Hartz, in 1812-14, where the Spring Mountain House now stands, on the Lehigh and Susquehanna turnpilce. He kept this place till 1820, and sold to George Kelchner, who kept it for a time. It was then kept respectively by Samuel Wolf, Frederick Nicely (six years), Daniel 0. Donnell, Benjamin Eomig, Samuel Wolf, Andrew Siegfried (ten years), Levi Hartz (ten years), John Booth (one year), Peter Hartz (eleven is

James Cole (two years), John Wear (one By him it was sold to Joseph Sattelle, the present proprietor. Samuel Wolf, when he kept the

years), year).

tavern the

first

a building

still

he conducted

time, opened a store at the corners, in

standing opposite the tavern.

till

This

the close of his second term in the

when he sold all his goods and furniture at vendue and moved to Danville, Montour Co., Pa. The tavern was kept as a temperance house the last time he was proprietor. Col. Jacob Hartz, about 1835, built a tavern at the foot of the north slope of Broad Mountain, and kept it until his death, about 1852. His sons continued it for a year or two. Samuel Gangwere later became proprietor, and he was succeeded by William Victor, who kept it as a tavern till 1881. It was known as the Swan Tavern. A tavern was kept several years on the road leading through the valley, known as the tavern,

Quakake Hotel. St. Matthew's Lutheran and German Reformed Church. The only church in the township is situated

—

a

west of the centre of the valley, on land that was donated for church purposes by John Faust, in 1834. A church was organized in that year, and a log building erected to accommodate both the church little

and a school. This answered the purpose till 1868, when it was torn down, and the present edifice, forty by fifty-five feet in dimensions, erected on the same site.

The

pastor

who

ofiiciated at the organization

was the

Eev. Isaac Sheilheimer. Among the many ministers who have served this church are the Kevs. Benninger, Boyer, Grim, Daniel, Kurtz. Krohn, Frankle, Finkling, Muirhler, and A. M. Masonheimer, the present pastor.

Schools,

— About 1823 a school-house was built near

who then lived near the Spring Mountain House. The timber for this school-house was the first sawed at the the residence of Jacob Hartz,

what

is

now

mill of Benjamin Romick, on Black Creek, now the site of Weatherly. James Dafl!e was an early teacher.

A

is now standing near the site of the This was later known as the Turnpike

school-house

old one. District.

In 1834, when the St. Matthew's German Reformed Church was erected, a part of it was partitioned off" for school purposes,

and was used

of the building, in 1868.

A

till

the destruction

new one (which

is still

used) was then erected on the same site. Among the early teachers were Daniel Gerhard, David Stewart,

and

Adam

Beers.

residence of

whom

This house was built near the Balliet, both

John Faust and Ephraim

first directors. The district was Church District. Another schoolhouse was built on the road leading through the valley, above the Gerhard Mills. This is still used. These three school-houses mentioned are the only ones in the township. The schools contain one hundred and forty-one pupils. The directors are D. L. Howard, W. S. Dieberick, John Romig, Job Jenkins, David D. Gerhard, George Eroh.

of

later

were the

known

as the

The following is a list of the school directors of the township since its organization 1848. Jonas Hartz, Eph. Balliet, Joel Gerhart. 1849. Daniel Gerhart, Andrew Gangwere. 1850. Solomon Rinker, Reuben Young. 1851. John Young, Daniel D. Steward. 1852. Peter Hartz, Jacob Derr, E. Balliet. 1853. Valentine Wetzell, Solomon Rinker. 1854. Andrew Siegfried, William Faust. 1855.— Nathaniel Zoll, Eph. Balliet. 1856. Jonas Hartz, Sol. Rinker. 1857.— Benj. Gerhart, Ed. Young, Val. Wetzell. 1858. John G. Steiner, Henry Faust, Daniel Ger:

— — — — — — — —

— 1859. — Peter Hartz, Jacob Derr.

hard.

I860.— D. D. Stewart, Edwin Young.

—

1861.

J.

G. Steiner, Levi Hartz.

1862.— Peter Hartz, J. N. Faust. 1863.— D. D. Stewart, William- Faust. 1864.—Philip Kinkle, Levi Hartz. 1865. George Hartz, Joseph Schneider. 1866.— Archibald Dieb, H. Bockerts. 1867.— John Young, D. D. Stewart. 1868. John Romig, Jonas Gerhart. 1869.—Val. Boetzer, George Hinkle. 1870.— S. D. Gerhart, Peter Hartz. 1871.— Henry Gerhart, J. J. Poole. 1872. John C. Bitner, Samuel Gangwere. 1873.— E. Tilson, George Eroh, Henry Boehardt. 1874.— W. Krop, John C. Bitner. 1875.— John Romick, J. C. Bitner. 1876.— D. B. Keller, Reuben Steiner. 1877.— Reuben Dauber, Peter Hartz. 1878.— James Gerhard, John C. Bittner. 1879.— S. B. Hudson, R. W. Steward, Reuben

—

—

—

Sterner.

1880.— D. D. Gerhard, Peter Hartz. 1881.— D. L. Howard, W. S. Dieberich. 1882.— John Romig, Joseph Jenkins. 1883.— David D. Gerhard, George Eroh, Jonas Gerhard.

Post-Of&ces.— A post-office was established at the Samuel Wolf a year or two after the Lehigh Canal was opened. Mr. Wolf, who was the postmasstore of

ter,

kept the

office at

the township,

when

the store until he removed from

was changed to the tavern-stand of Jacob Hartz, and continued till about 1858, and the landlords became postmasters. Soon after the opening it

:

.

PACKER TOWNSHIP. of

Mahanoy

Division, Hudgondale

became a

station,

and a post-office was established there, with Samuel as postmaster. He still holds the position. Justices of the Peace.—The justices of the peace since the organization of the township have been as

Hudson

follows

Ephraim Balliet, March, 1848; March, 1850. Jonas Hartz, jMarch, 1861 Solomon D. Gerhard, March, 1852. Daniel Gerhard, March, 1853. Benjamin Romig, March, 1855.

March,

1849;

is the fourth in descent. He was born in the homestead at Kethla, near Leeds, Yorkshire, May 29, 1821. In January of 1827, Mrs. Lydia Hudson, his mother, died after a short illness the oldest daughter died in August, 1840. In July, 1829, his

father,

;

(declined).

John Faust, March, 1869 (declined). S. W. Hudson, October, 1869. John Faust, October, 1869 (declined). D. R. Kidder, October, 1869. E. E. Dod-son, March, 1872 (declined). Poole, March, 1878.

W. Hudson, March,

Samuel W.

with the remaining family, set sail in the sailing-ship "John Wells" for America. After a long and tedious voyage they landed in Philadelphia, which they made

;

S.

flnement, and culture, so that their marriage proved a happy and fruitful one, the result of which was five children,— three sons and two daughters,- of which

;

Solomon Kinker, March, 1856. Ephraim Balliet, March, 1857 March, 1868. John Steiner, March, 1869. Peter Steel, March, 1859. Joel Gerhart, March, 1859. Peter Steel, March, 1860. Solomon Rinker, March, 1861. Peter Hartz, March, 1861. Ephraim Balliet, March, 1862. Joel Gerhard, March, 1863. Peter Hartz, March, 1864. S. W. Hudson, March, 1866. Peter Hartz, March, 1866 (declined) March, 1868

J. J.

753

1874, to 1883.

their home. On July 21, 1831, his father apprenticed Samuel W. for a period of ten years, dating from May 16, 1832, to Michael Dyott, of Philadelphia, the said Michael Dyott agreeing to teach him as compensa-

tion for, bis labor the trades of glass-blowing and wicker-making, also to provide him with clothing

and board, allowing him the privileges of attending night- and Sabbath-schools. This firm failed, owing to the financial panic of 1837, so that the indenture

was canceled.

In October of 1837 he was apprenticed to .lacob Kits, of Chester, Pa., who was engaged in general foundry business. Here he learned the moulding trade, together with his two brothers, who

were employed by the same firm. In 1840 he returned to Philadelphia, where he worked at his trade with the firm then known as Rush & Muhlenberg. In 1841 he removed to Pottsville, Pa., and remained there until 1845, wh«n- he went to Weatherly, Pa. For one year he was unsettled finally located at ;

Tamaqua, self,

Pa'.,

where he started

in the shops

now known

in business for

as Carter, Allen

him-

& Co.'s.

After two yeiars of fair- success he sold out, and reto Sugar Loaf, Luzerne Co., where he started

moved

machine-shops, th« firm then being known as Hud& Allen. These shops were destroyed by fire in

son

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. SAMUEL WILKINSON HUDSON. The grandfather of the subject of this sketch lived in Yorkshire, England. He was captain of the militia, or Home Guards, and one of six brothers who, while the war between England and France was in full sway, as members of the militia, volunteered to go to Doncaster Races, now so celebrated, and repulse the Danes, who, taking advantage of the absence of the regular army, frequently invaded that part of the country. Not one of these patriotic brothers was permitted to return, all

having fallen in battle. Capt. Hudson's only child, James, was born Aug. 20, 1792, being thus left an orphan in early life, he was soon thrown on his own resources. After obtaining a fair education, he learned the machinist's trade, which he followed in after-life. In 1815 he married Miss Lydia Wilkinson, who was born in Yorkshire, 1794. Her father occupying the position of honor and trust as butler to Lord Ribelsdel, she had more than ordinary opportunities of securing education, re48

1850,, after which they moved their machinery to Beaver Meadow, Pa., where they began business on a larger scale, manufacturing all kinds of heavy and useful machinery. Among other work was that done

for the

Bowman

Brothers, at Parryville, in furnish-

ing the principal material for erecting their new furnace. In 1859 he sold out his interest to his brother, Brice Hudson, and moving to Hudsondale, Pa. (then

known

as Hartz's), in Packer township. Carbon County, he invested in large tracts of farming and timber land. Here also he started again in general foundry business, and continued in the same until

and flour-mill during About the year 1880 his mind took an inventive turn, and he began to originate to such an 1876, building a large grist-

that time.

extent that he has taken out letters patent to the sixteen. The most important are in hyand pneumatics, among others, one for ven-

number of draulics

tilating mines, another an

air-compressor, used for

transmitting energy by means of compressed

air.

The

and most important is a compressed-air pump, or pneumatic water-elevator. These patents as a class are useful and practical. latest

;

HISTOKY OP CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

754

Mr. Hudson has taken an active interest in

many years, casting his first vote Henry Clay in 1844. His party being for

as a

politics

Whig

for

largely in the

Wild Creek and

join the Lehigh.

Run and White Oak Run,

its tributaries,

Tar

in the south part of the

township, flow southeasterly, and pass out near the

minority in the county, his public record has not been

southeast corner.

might have been desired by his politDec. 11, 1846, he was married to Mary, daughter of Thomas and Ann Carter. She was born Sept. 21, 1825, at Marazion, Cornwall, England. Her family came to this country in 1842, and located at Tamaqua, Schuylkill Co., Pa. The Carter family has since become so successful that to-day they represent some of the largest coal interests in Carbon

years before the township was laid out, passing through its limits from Emmetsburg to White Haven. The first action in reference to roads in this county was at the first term of court, in December, 1843, at which time a petition was presented for a road from a road leading from Weissport to the Monroe County line to a point on the Lehigh River opposite Penn Haven. George Fegley at this time had a store at this place on the river. This petition was granted and the road laid out. Later a portion was abandoned, but part of

as extended as ical allies.

On

County.

The dren.

issue of their marriage resulted in three chil-

Lydia, the oldest, was married to Joseph J.

Poole, January, 1869, and died March, 1870.

Samuel Tunkhannock,

The

married Miss Susan Dennier, of Pa., October, 1876. He is engaged in farming, lumbering, and milling at Hudsondale. Annie Carter, the youngest, is residing with her parents at the old homestead. Mr. Hudson's life thus far has been one of great next,

activity

B.,

and usefulness, and his greatest pleasure is advancement of science and me-

in laboring for the

chanics.

CHAPTER

XXI.

PENN FOREST TOWNSHIP. This section of country was part of that great disnorth of the Blue Ridge which, prior to 1768, was known as " Towamensing," meaning "the wilderness.*' In that year it was divided, and Towamensing township embraced all territory in Northampton County east of Lehigh River, and thirty-six miles trict

north of the Blue Ridge.

After the Revolution the

Early £oads.

was

—Many

settled a State road

yet in use.

it is

—

Settlement of Penn Forest, The territory now embraced in this township in 1835 was a wilderness of pine and hemlock forest, and is yet known as Pine Swamp. About this time the timber attracted the attention of lumbermen, and the tracts which had been warranted to others were bought up by lumber companies, that were formed for the purpose of erecting mills and cutting and manufacturing lumber. Mills were built at available sites on the streams, tenements were erected for the laborers, and the work commenced. Years elapsed, and the timber was mostly cut off. Fires in the woods destroyed many of the mills, some of which were rebuilt, and others not. The companies sold the denuded lands to other parties and disappeared. The settlements around these mills often contained a store, tavern, and schoolhouse. There is given below an abstract from the assessment-roll of Penn Forest in 1843, the names of corporations and persons owning large tracts of land, mills, and occupations of others not laborers.

—

The statement here given comprises what Penn Forest and Kidder townships.

is

now

There are one hundred and forty-four persons

as-

now comprising part of Monroe County and the townships of Penn Forest and Kidder was erected

sessed for county, sixty-one for State, purposes, and

Tobyhanna' township. Early in the year 1842, while the township of Tobyhanna was a part of Mon-

Peter Burger

territory

into

roe County,

was divided, and all that portion of Forest and Kidder townships was erected into a township called " Penn Forest." The next year (1843), upon the erection of Carbon County, it became a part thereof, and in 1849 the north part was set off as Kidder township. It is bounded on the west by the Lehigh River, on the south by Franklin and Towamensing townships, on the east by Monroe County, and on the north by the township of Kidder. It is watered by tributaries of the Lehigh, Muddy Run, Drake, Stony, and Bear Creeks. These rise in the east part of the township and flow westerly, and territory

it

now Penn

—

1 The township was named Tobylianna from the creek of that name which flowed through it. It is a corruption of the Indian word Topihanno, which signifies a stream whose .banlis are fringed with alders.

Fann

sixty-four for unseated lands.

&

Black, 400 acres

and a saw-mill Butz, Meckes & Co., 1200 acres, tenements, and saw-mill Joshua Bullock, gentleman Jonathan Fell, 1017 acres, three saw-mills, and tenement; Thomas Craig, 400 acres, two saw-mills, and tenements; Christman, Craig & Co., 1200 acres and saw-mill; Anthony Co., 1800 acres

;

;

Christman, saw-mill; Christman, Stemler, Serfass & Co., 400 acres and saw-mill; Jost Dreisbach, 953

tenements; Jonas Dreisbach, 111 acres; Aaron Dreisbach, 60 acres; Taylor & Co., 1200 acres; W. Edinger, 1400 acres, tavern, saw-mill, tenements;

acres,

Fish,

Green

&

Co., 1317 acres

George Fegley, merGower, Serfass & Co., 600 acres, saw-mill, and tenements Abram Good & Co., sawmill; J. H. Hillman, gentleman; John Hawk, 700 acres and saw-mill Daniel Hawk, 400 acres and sawmill Henry Kenholt & Co., saw-mill; Charlotte Meckes, 400 acres and saw-mill Owen Hume & Co., chant and tenements

;

;

;

;

;

;

:

;;

:

PENN FOREST TOWNSHIP. Samuel D. Strike & Co., 1200 two saw-mills; Reuben Serfass & Co., 100 acres, saw-mill, and tenements; Joseph Serfass & Co., 600 acres and tenements; Frederick

400 acres

and saw-mill

Here, before 1840, he built a tavern and owned a saw-

;

acres; Charles Scott,

Conrad Dotter on Joli from Edinger to Meckes & Fragle. The mill was burned, and the parties built another on Mud Run, near Albrightsville, which is now owned by Daniel Christman.

Sjjring

;

;

gentleman; Warner & Taylor, 864 acres; Robert S. Taylor & Brock, Trego, 1028 acres and saw-mill 1308 acres; Mahlon K. Taylor & Co., 6394 acres, one store George Weaver, 2200 acres, two saw-mills, and Warner & Co., double saw-mill and 30 tenements ;

;

& S.

Gould

&

and two saw3664 acres and saw-mill Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company, 1266 acres Jacob Brutzman, George Crosley, Samuel Hiller, Thomas Krom, William Johnson, David Kline, Michael Knerr, Ebenezer Ladle, Isaac Sepps, and Safford Willard, lawyers; Andrew Decker, Andrew McKreal, lock-tenders; Robert Alberton, James Harkins, and Jacob West, mechanics; Francis Ga-

mills

;

brio,

Gould, Taylor

&

Co., 1196 acres Co.,

William Serfass and

Poneir,

be ascertained, as follows who owned eighteen hundred acres of timber land, built a saw-mill on Mud Run, about a mile below Adam Meckes'. They had been carrying on operations from about 1840, continued till about 1860, and sold to Christian and William Kramer, who sold to Jacob Frey. It is now owned by Frank Co.,

at

Adam Kunkle owned

a tract

who

built

a.

mill on

Mud Run,

above the

of Pender Creek.

Frederick and Jacob Brotzman owned a large tract

now is, and built on two saw-mills about 1836. They became embarrassed, and the property was sold to George Weaver, who owned in 1843 two thousand two hun-

Mud Run

dred acres. He sold, in 1850, to Aquilla Albright and Vansickle. They built another saw-mill about a mile below.

A

was kept here

store

at

one time by Aquilla Al-

bright.

mills are not now standing. This place was by Albright Albrightsville, and the settlement across the stream has taken the name.

The

called

is from the assessment-roll and gives the names of in 1882, township of the

The following statement

and had entire charge of the mills. who owned four hundred acres, built one mill on Drake Creek, about two miles from the mouth. He sold to Charles Smith, who still owns it. Thomas Craig, Jr., built a mill later at the mouth It is now of Stony Creek, which was burned down. owned by Adam Christman. Christman, Stemler, Serfass & Co. owned four hundred acres of land on Stony Creek, where Enos Koch now lives. The mill was built previous to their Enos Koch bought two purchase by John Moyer. hundred and twenty-six acres of the property, and lived at this place,

now owning mills and distilleries August Behrens, saw- and paling-mill.

persons

Craig,

and in 1860 built the present house. William Edinger owned fourteen hundred acres on the old State road from Emmetsburg to White Haven.

hundred acres

of land where this settlement

Butz, Meckes & Co. owned twelve hundred acres, and erected a mill on Stony Creek, about three miles above its mouth. They ran the mill eight or ten It years, and sold to Strouss & Miksell, of Easton. was burned down about 1860, and not rebuilt. Jonathan Fell, who owned one thousand and seventeen acres, built a double mill at the mouth of Bear Creek. This mill was run until about 1862. It was also burned down. The timber was exhausted. The land is now owned by Caspar Nepp. Joshua Bullock

continued the operation of the mill, rebuilding it in fall of 1883. He opened a tavern in 1848 in the old

six

man.

Gowen.

Thomas

owned

They sold to Young & Sellers. The property is now owned by John Eckert and wife. The lower mill is now used. Samuel Heller built a mill on Stony Creek, below Adam Christman. It is now owned by Adam Christmouth

—These companies were' located at the places &

Co.

of land on Pinder Creek, about a mile and a half from the mouth. They sold to Lawfer, Kresge &

given, as nearly as can

Peter Berger

&

fass.

master-mechanic.

Mills.

Serfass

and tenement-house about 1840, and continued operations until about 1860. Lewis Gowen, one of the partners, purchased the whole previous to 1860. He sold to John Gowen & Timothy Frable. It is now owned by Adam Christman. John Serfass & Co. owned six hundred acres on Pine Run, a tributary of Big Creek, on which they erected a saw-mill. It was sold later to Robert Weiss and Reuben Serfass. It is now owned by Frabie Ser-

:

I.

It passed

the head of Drake's Creek, and they built there a mill

;

;

mill was built by

Run.

Gowen,

;

acres

The

mill.

innkeeper; John Smith, 400 acres, saw-mill Jacob Steiner, 1300 acres and saw-mill John Serfass & Co., 600 acres and saw-mill Samuel Lywell, 573 O. H. Taylor, acres, two saw-mills, and tenements

Sutter,

755

Daniel Christman, saw-mill.

Thomas

Craig, saw-mill.

Christman & Freyman, saw-mill. Henry Deppe, saw-mill.

Reuben Gregory,

saw-mill.

William Gotz, saw-mill. Frank Gowen, saw-mill. Enos Koch, saw-mill. Abram Meckes, saw-mill.

Samuel Meckes, saw-mill. I

Philip Meckes, saw-mill. ]

Frank

house,

!

Serfass, saw-mill.

Charles Smith, saw- and paling-mill. Craig & Christman, shingle-mill.

;:

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

756

make

Paul Donner, turning-mill.

About the year

1861,

Samuel Donner commenced

Since that time a have been started for that purpose and the distillation of oil from the birch. The names are here given of those who now own and operate distilleries in the township: Catharine Andrews, Jacob Bartholomew, Charles Christman, William Button, Paul Donner (two), Paul Frey, Jacob Kunkle, Enos Koch, Samuel Meekes, Philip Meckes, Reuben Meckes, William Oliver, J. .J. Smith (two), Peter Serfass, Robert Serfass, Benjamin Serfass, Lydia the distillation of wintergreen.

number of

distilleries

Schoeb. Hotels,

Emanuel Kibler apd Enos Koch. Henry Deppe.

Grist-mill,

There are but seven persons in the township who are assessed distinctively as

farmers.

They

are as

George Christman, Charles Christman, Adolph Henning, Josiah G. Harlan, Francis Lyer, and Henry Tracy. The population of the township, by the census of 1880, is six hundred and fifty-three. Taverns. The first tavern built in the township was erected on the Pocono Mountain, and on the State road leading from Emmetsburg to White Haven. It was first kept by Frederick Suter, about 1838, and soon after called " The Hunter's Hotel," a name by which it is still known. It was kept by him till about 1850, and passed into other hands. It is now owned and kept by Emanuel Kibler. Soon after this was opened, and before 1843, William Edinger follows:

—

built a tavern a little distance northeast of the ter's

Hun-

Hotel, which was kept several years and discon-

tinued.

—

Schools. In the year 1844, the first year after this township became a part of Carbon County, James W. Searles and A. W. Dreisbach were elected school directors. The township had accepted the school law. Schools were in operation on Stony Creek, opposite

Penn Haven, and

at

Penn Forest), The freshet of 1862 washed away Penn Haven, but on Oct. 26, 1866,

at Albrightsville (then in

Bear Creek.

the school-house at

the district was again established,

and Philip Ginter

furnished a house for school purposes free of charge.

In 1867 the township contained seven districts, as follows Stony Creek, Bear Creek, Albrightsville (joint with Kidder), Behren's, Drake's Creek, Penn Haven, :

and Wild Kettle Creek.

About the same time the

was opened George Fegley built a dwelling and a store, which last he kept. About 1850 he opened a tavern, kept his store, and built several dwellings. The place was opposite Penn Haven, and the Lehigh Canal passed here. Quite a business grew up here, and in a few last tavern

years the settlement contained, in addition to the tavern-stand, a store and warehouse, a carpenter-shop,

blacksmith-shop, boat-yard, stabling, with accommodations for one hundred and fifty horses, and twelve dwellings,

and the place bid

erable village.

The

fair to

become a consid-

great freshet of 1862 (January)

swept the buildings all away or destroyed them, and nothing of consequence has been rebuilt there. In 1848, Enos Koch, who had a saw-mill on Stony Creek, opened his house as a tavern, and has continued to keep a public-house to the present time. A new house (the jiresent one) was erected in 1860.

Adam Meckes, who owned a Run, at what is now Meckesville, started a tavern, which he kept fifteen or twenty' About the year

mill property on

years.

large enough to answer also for church purThere were members of Lutheran and Reformed German Churches in the community, and upon its completion services were held there. The Decker, pastors who served were the Revs. Struntz, Becker, and Frederick Honberger, at present the congregation is served by the Rev. A. Schloppe M. Strauss (Lutheran) and the Rev. (Reformed). In 1880, John W. Reed donated to the congregation, for church and burial purposes, three acres of land on the road from Mauch Chunk to Albrightsville, and about a quarter of a mile southwest from the residence of Adam Christman. A portion of the ground was at once laid out for a cemetery, and The Reformed conis now used by the Lutherans. gregation purchased a piece of land near the hotel of Enos Koch, which is used by them. A neat and commodious church edifice is now being erected on the lot donated for the purpose. This is the only church and congregation in the township. it

poses.

None

is

1850,

Mud

kept there at present.

Churches.— In the year

1870, when the agitation concerning the building of a new school-house on Stony Creek was at its height, it was decided to

The school at Drake's Creek was discontinued, and was again held in the years 1878-79. There are now which schools are regularly held Bear Creek, 22 pupils Wild Kettle Creek, 15 pupils; Meckesville, 35 pupils; and five districts in

Stony Creek, 43 pupils

;

;

Albrightsville, 16 pupils.

The

old school-house at

no longer in use, and a new one built by Kidder township is used. New school-houses were built at the following places in the years given, Albrightsville

is

with cost of each: Stony. Creek, 1869, $475; Meckesville, 1870, $343.75 Wild Kettle Creek, 1881, $275 Bear Creek, 1881, $275. The directors for 1883 are ;

Enos Kochard, Henry Sinedecker, Philip Shock, and W. V. R. Ash.

The

following

is

a

list

of the school directors of the

township since the erection of Carbon County 1844.— James W. Searles, A. B. Dreisbach. 1845.— Joseph Serfass, Frederick Sutton.

:

1846.— John Kelsey, J. W. Searles. 1847.— Abraham Good, Lewis Billings. 1848.— Samuel A. Cook, Caleb Rowles. 1849.— J. B. Dreisbach, Lewis Gowen, Adam Meckes, A. E. Albright, Andrew McNeal, Daniel Lichtenwallner.

1850.— Enos Koch, John Decker.

:

BOROUGH OF PARRYVILLE.

—Henry Garman, William Snyder, William 1852. — George Fegley, George Kissel. 1853. — Adam Meckes, William Serfass, John Gowen, John Berkley, Enos Koch. 1854. — Morris Evans, Charles A. Getzinger. 1855.— N. Umphread, George Fegley. 1856. — Lewis Gowen, John Gowen, Jeremiah Gangwere, Adam Meckes. 1857. — George H. Weiss, Enos Koch. 1851.

Serfass.

J.

Adam

757

Christman, March, 1865.

John Eberle, March, 1868. Enos Koch, October, 1869

Adam

(declined).

Christman, October, 1869.

Levi Kurtner, March, 1872. Adam Christman, March, 1875. A. D. Christman, March, 1880. Charles J. Tidd, March, 1880. J. J.

Smith, March, 1881.

1858.— Charles Smith, John Hote. 1859.

— Butler Cortwright, Cornelius Ziegenfuss.

1860—No record. 1861. Enos Koch, Charles Smith, John Hote, Samuel Hawk, S. W. Meckes.

— 1862. — A. Christman, B. Cortwright. 1863.— Samuel Hawk, John Hote. 1864. — Enos Koch, Charles Smith. 1865. — Adam Christman, Butler Cortwright. 1866.— Enos Koch, Charles Smith. Adam Meckes, John Haide. 1867. 1868.— Enos Koch, David Snyder. 1869. Adam Christman, Charles Smith. 1870. John Hade, Adam Rouch.

—

— — 1871.— Enos Koch, David Snyder. 1872. — Enos Koch, David Snyder. 1873.— Tie vote on

Adam

Christman, Chr. Smith,

Francis Sieger.

1874.— John Hote, Philip Schoch. 1875.— David Snyder, Henry Linedecker. 1876.— A. D. Christman, Charles Smith, Henry Deppe.

1877.—Philip Schoch, Henry Deppe. 1878.— None. 1879.— Enos Koch, Henry Linedecker. 1880.— Philip Shoch, Henry Deppe. 1881.— A. D. Christman, Charles Smith. 1882.— Philip Shoch, W. V. Eash. 1883.— Enos Koch, Henry Linedecker. Justices of the Peace.— The justices of the peace from 1844 to the present time have been as follows Stephen Gould, March, 1844.

John Kelsey, March, 1845. Jost Dreisbach, March, 1847. Enos Koch, March, 1848 (declined). Henry Garmer, March, 1849. Andrew McNeal, March, 1850. A. B. Dreisbach, March, 1851. Isaac Harleman, March, 1851. Andrew Decker, March, 1852. Samuel Siewell, March, 1853. Robert Maxwell, March, 1853. Adam Christman, March, 1856. Lewis Hawk, March, 1856. George H. Weiss, March, 1857. Jacob Weiss, March, 1858. Samuel Hawk, March, 1859.

Adam

CHAPTER XXIL BOROUGH OP PARUYVILLE.i borough of Parryville is situated about six Mauch Chunk, and is bounded on the north and west by Franklin township, on the east and southeast by Lower Towamensing, and on the south by the Lehigh River. The iirst settlement at this locality was made about 1780 by Peter Frantz, and in 1781, Frederick Scheckler and Leonard Beltz had taken up land there and in the vicinity. Frantz & Scheckler soon after erected a stone grist-mill on the Poho Poco Creek, which enters the Lehigh River at The property remained in their possesthis place. sion until 1815, at which time it passed to Jacob and Peter Stein. The mill was run by Jacob, and Peter

The

miles below

which is now in use for Between the years 1836-40 the Pine Forthis rest Lumber Company was established and made place headquarters. Saw-, lath-, and paling-mills were erected on the Poho Poco Creek, near the river, and the manufacture of lumber was carried on extensively.

built a large stone hotel,

dwellings.

Large

tracts of land

became known

as Parrysville,

and

finally Parryville.

In 1836 the Beaver Meadow Railroad Company completed its road to the opposite side of the river, and made Parryville the terminus and shipping-point. The coal from the cars was here dumped into the Comcanal-boats of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation

This business continued till the freshet of wharves, trestle-works, 8, 1841, when the Jan' 7 railroad and cbutes were swept away, and also the

pany.

and

Junction. The track from Parryville to Penn Haven Chunk to Parryrailroad was not rebuilt from Mauch from that time became the ville, and the former place shipping-point. About the year 1855, Messrs.

Bowman, Brother

&

established an anthraCo. formed a copartnership, and as No. 1), which was cite blast-furnace (now known

Poco Creek until run by water-power from Poho

Christman, March, 1860.

Cornelius Ziegenfuss, March, I860; March, 1862.

were owned in the northern part

of the county and in Luzerne County, from which Daniel the greater part of the logs were obtained. Parry was the president of the company, and as the settlement grew up around these mills, the place

1

By Dennis Bauman.

;

:

HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

758

In that year the company sold their inunder the name of the " Car-

about 1857.

terest to a corporation

bon Iron Company." The first board of directors was elected in August, 1857, and consisted of the following persons William Keed, James Dinkey, Henry Bowman, Solomon Boyer, David Bowman, John Bowman, and Dennis Bauman. On the 15th of August, Dennis Bauman was elected president, and A. W. Butler secretary and treasurer. Improvements were made and the capacity of the works increased, 'and it was soon demonstrated that the water-power was not sufficient to furnish the power for the blast, and steam was introduced. In the year 1864 a second furnace was erected (now known as No. In the year 2), and in 1869 furnace No. 3 was built. 1876 the property passed to the " Carbon Iron and Pipe Company (limited)." A " pipe plant" was recently erected, and these works are now operated by the last-named company, the officers of which are A. A. Douglass, president George Euddle, secretary and H. P. Cooper, superintendent. The village has grown up as the result of the location of the furnace here, and now contains a population of about eight hundred, and in addition to the furnaces about one hundred dwellings, two stores, flour and feed store, two churches, one school-house (with four rooms), a hotel, and a depot of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad. :

;

The first road that passed through this locality was the one laid out in 1747, and made in 1748, extending from Bethlehem to Gnadenhiitten. It is known through this region as the " Fire Line Road," and ran over the hills. It was used as a military road from January, 1756, to January, 1761, when Fort Allen was garrisoned. About 1815 a wagon-road was constructed from Parryville to Lehigh Gap, along the north bank of the Lehigh River, which was much used.

Many

stories are related of the causes that

gave to

name " Fire Line," but none that are The application of the name dates far

the old road the

trustworthy.

back

Indian war period, between 1756 and

in the

1761.

Churches.

ment held year 1840.

—The

first

any mocommenced about the

religious services of

at Parryville were

At

that time and for several years services were conducted occasionally at the school-house

and

:

at private

ally

houses by Methodist ministers generfrom Mauch Chunk. In the year 1858, Parry-

Slatedale, Wakefield, Weissport, and Maria Furnace were united in one circuit, and the Rev. Jacob Schlichter was placed in charge. Services were held in the school-house, then recently erected, and intended for both school and church purposes. This building was used by the Methodists till 1863, when the present brick church edifice was erected. It was dedicated by Bishop Scott on the 13th of December, 1863. ville,

The

circuit has been changed several times, as follows: Parryville, Weissport, and Slatington, Parry-

For a time, when the furnaces operation, Parryville became a separate station, and had a membership of from sixty to eighty. About the year 1876, on account of ville

and Lebighton.

at this place

depression

were in

in

full

business,

the iron-works

suspended

membership declined greatly, and Parryville became connected in a circuit with Slatington, Slatedale, and Maria Furnace, and is still in that circuit. The church now has a membership of thirty-two. A Sunday-school was commenced upon the organization of the church in 1858, and has their operations, the

been in successful operation to the present, having now, including teachers, a membership of from eighty to one hundred and fifty. The pastors who have served the church from 1858 to the present time are as follows Revs. Jacob Schlichter, William T. Magee, G. T. Barr, S. Powers, W. B. Durell, E. Townsend, William H. Friese, J. Lindenmuth, J. P. Miller, L. B. :

Brown, L. B. Hofl^man, G. L. ShoflTer, Josiah Bawden, William F. Sheperd, and F. Illman. Schools.

—The

first

school-house was built of

logs,

about the year 1820, and was twenty-five by thirty feet, and one story in height. It was located about one hundred yards above the mouth of Poho Poco Creek, on the north bank. The school was attended

by pupils who came from several miles around. School was taught three months annually, the parents of each child paying tuition. This house was replaced by another about 1840, and in 1858 the present commodious building was erected for school and church purposes.

On the 4th of March, 1867, Parryville became an independent school district, and the following directors were elected in that year Dennis Bauman, James :

Thomas, James Anthony, Jacob Peters, Samuel Davis, Thomas Petit. Since 1875 the directors have been as follows

1875.— W. W. Bauman, A. T. Peiffer, George Davis, George F. Anthony, C. Rinker, J. A. Koch. 1876.— Charles Raddetz, L. F. Remely. 1877.— Robert Peters, J. L. Miller, G. W. Bauman, William Romig. 1878.— Charles Raddetz, William Blose. 1879.

— None reported.

1880.— H. P. Cooper, William Bamford. 1881.— Jacob Peters, G. W. Bauman, W. L. Kutz. 1882.— John Pickford, Charles Saeger. 1883.— H. P. Cooper, John D. Kistler. The borough of Parryville was incorporated by the court of Carbon County early in the year 1875, and the

first

election ordered to be held in February of

that year.

The following are the names of those who have served as burgesses, councilmen, and justices of the peace

Burgesses.

1875-78.

—Dennis Bauman.

1879-80.— Jacob Peters. 1881-83.— H. P. Cooper.

^^^^^^^^..f^