Расчет антенн и СВЧ структур с помощью HFSS Ansoft

Citation preview

. .,

. .

HFSS Ansoft

А

«

«

К»

Ч, .К www.rodnik.ru , [email protected] 8 (499) 613-7001; 8 (499) 613-2688

2009 4

621.3.049.77.029:681.3.06

. .,

. .

HFSS Ansoft –

,

«

«

», 2009, 256 .

,

, HFSS Ansoft,

, HFSS

. Ansoft

10. HFSS Ansoft .

, HFSS .

, ,

,

,

HFSS.

,

.

-

,

,

. , , «

«

«

-

».

, : [email protected],

. 8 (499) 6137001,

8 (499) 3179754. «

«

»

.

621.3.049.77.029:681.3.06 © © ©

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5

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30

,

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, HFSS

Ansoft.

,

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(

,

),

,

HFSS. ,

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– . ,

–

. .

ё

, . . ,

. HFSS. «

. ,

GPS, ,

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– . 6

ё . , USB

, (

.

HFSS, HFSS Ansoft , HFSS . , . . ., . ., .

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-

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– .

,

« 1

,

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»

. ,

8.7.

7

1. К

T-

HFSS -

, .

HFSS

,

, ,

,

, ,

. ,

, .

, . HFSS -

HFSS (

.

. 1.1).

. 1.1.

HFSS

8

HFSS .

,

, . . (Project Manager) ,

. . Projectn,

n –

,

HFSS. ,

Project → Insert HFSS Design,

. ,

,

. , HFSSModeln,

n–

,

. ,

, -

. , . 3D-

(3D Modeler), Manager). 3D-

(Project . .

3D– , . .

3D Modeler → Units.

3D. mm (

)

OK.

HFSS

.

,

. ,

,

, ,

.

.

9

. 1.2.

3-D

-

, -

.

-

. 1.2. . , . .

1.1. Ч 1. .

Draw → Cylinder,

2.

, , . XY. .

3.

,

,

Z.

10

. 1.3.

. 1.4.

4.

. ( ,

Height) (Center Position).

. 1.3).

(Radius

OK.

3D( . 1.4),

, Cylinder1.

. .

1.2. Ч , ,

, .

Command

(

. 1.5).

Attribute

, ,

, (

-

).

К.

11

. 1.5.

. 1.6.

3D(

, ,

. 1.6). – Cylinder2.

1.3. Ч

Y , ,

Z. Y. , ,

, XZ. ( . 1.7).

,

. 1.7. , 1.8). Y.

1.1. (

,

.

Axis

Y. .

, , Value

К.

. ,

– Cylinder3.

12

. 1.8.

,

Y . ( ,

. 1.9.

– Cylinder4. ( . 1.10).

,

. 1.8). 3D-

Y

13

. 1.10.

3D-

1.4. Ф

-

: (Cylinder2

, (Cylinder1 Cylinder4),

3D-

,

Cylinder3),

7 3

,

. 3D-

,

, -

.

1.

, Ctrl

,

. , Cylinder1

Edit → Boolean → Unite (

. 3D-

Cylinder3.

, . 1.11).

14

. 1.11. Cylinder1

,

Cylinder3

, .

, Cylinder3.

Cylinder3 ,

Unite ,

. .

2.

. , Ctrl

.

,

, Cylinder2

3DCylinder4.

Edit → Boolean → Unite.

,

Cylinder2.

3.

-

. -

-

,

(Cylinder3),

-

, Subtract.

(Cylinder2). Cylinder3 Cylinder3,

. Subtract, (

Cylinder2.

Subtract Edit → Boolean → Subtract… . Blank Parts

Tool Parts

. 1.12). 15

Subtract

. 1.12. Blank Parts

,

Tool Parts.

Blank

,

Parts Cylinder3.

–

.

– .

Tool Parts Cylinder2.

, Subtract.

, .

, , К.

. Blank Parts

Tool Parts

Subtract, Cylinder3,

3D-

-

. .

Cylinder3 Cylinder3

,

- CoaxTee.

1.5. , , .

, . , . : XY

YZ. 16

.1.13. YZ.

,

Edit → Boolean → Split…, (YZ) (Negative side). К. . 1.14. 3D-

CoaxTee (Cylinder3)

.

. , (Perfect E) . , . ,

HFSS

,

,

, , -

-

. .

.

. (Face). , , .

.

Assign Excitation → Wave port… (

. 1.14).

17

.1.14. (

. 1.15).

(Wave Port: General)

.

WavePort1.

,

>.

P1. (Wave Port: Modes) (Number of Modes)

.

. ,

.

(Integration Line) (Characteristic Impedance). , :

ƒ ƒ

, ; , ZPV

ZVI. ,

, .

, 18

,

,

:

Characteristic Impedance - ZPI.

Integration Line – None,

>.

. 1.15. (Wave Port: Post Processing) , : (Port Renormalization)

(

)

(Deembed Setting). (

. 1.15).

.

,

, (

. 1.16). 19

. 1.16.

(Perfect H).

, -

. .

.1.17. 20

-

:

-

(

. 1.17).

, . ,

Ctrl ,

Assign Boundary → Symmtry… .

.

Symmetry Boundary Perfect H. Port Impedance Multiplier

0,5 (

3D.

Symmetry Impedance Multiplier….

. 1.17).

, ,

Name

К.

Sym1.

К.

.

, . .

. 1.18. . (Excitations)

(Boundaries) (

1.6.

. 1.18). ,

,

HFSS ,

. ƒ

.

: ;

21

ƒ

, ;

ƒ

, . . .

Analysis, Add Solution Setup…. Solution Setup (

. 1.19).

. 1.19. :

General ƒ Setup Name -

, (

ƒ Solution Frequency – ƒ Maximum Number of Passes – ( ; ƒ Convergence per pass , .

– Setup1); ; )

: 1. (

. ).

22

,

Options

,

Advanced.

HFSS

.

2.

, .

3. 4.

. ,

,

Advanced.

Options

. 5.

Maximum Delta S,

,

. ,

. Maximum Number of Passes.

.

К.

1.19 .

. ,

Validate

HFSS. 3D,

, .

)

)

. 1.20. )

: ;

)

. Validation Check

(

. 1.20). ,

,

. 1.20 . .

Close

.

. . 1.20 . .

Close

23

,

,

.

Analyze

HFSS.

. 1.21.

. 1.22. , ,

(

1.21).

,

.

Abort.

, (

. 1.22). , Solution Data, HFSS. .

Solution Data

. 1.23.

Solution Data

24

Convergence (

. 1.23)

. ,

Simulation

. . Setup1. ,

Number of Passes (Completed) (Maximum) .

, (Minimum) (N/A). (Current)

Max Mag. Delta S

,

0.00168,

(Target),

. ″

,

″ .

CONVERGED

Plot Table, View.

:

, . ,

Profile

. ,

, .

. 1.24.

Solution Data

Matrix Data

, 25

(mode) (

1.24).

. ,

Simulation Setup1, LastAdaptive (

: ;

1.24). ,

. S Matrix.

. Magnitude/Phase (

/

). (Gamma) (Z0). :

⎛D⎞ Z 0 = 60 ln⎜ ⎟ . ⎝d⎠ D/d=7/3,

λ = c/ f ,

= 3⋅10

8

/ –

Z0 = 50.838 . ( . 1.24) 0.1%.

, f–

λ = 0.15 .

: . Lambda

0.1499 .

0.07%.

Solution Data,

. ,

Solution Data

. Port Field Display P1, P2 P3, Mode n,

n–

. . ( ,

,

. 1.25). . ,

Validate (

. 1.20).

, -

.

, 26

.

Validate

, . ,

, .

Display,

Port Field

1

Mode 1.

(

, . 1.25).

)

)

. 1.25.

11

, , ).

. 1.25 –

-

(

. , 1.25 ,

, ,

,

.

11.

. .

, , . HFSS

, . Solution Setup Only

General (

Solve Port

. 1.19). ,

. ,

, , Solve Port Only.

.

27

, , . YZ. . YZ

Planes

,

Global:YZ.

3D-

,

YZ. Plot Field → Mag_E.

HFSS,

,

.

Create Done (

Plot

. 1.26).

YZ

. 1.26. , ,

HFSS Mag_E1,

E-Field

3D-

.

. ,

.

E Field [V/m],

3D-

(

. 1.27).

. E Field [V/m],

Modify…. 28

HFSSModel1 -- E Field,

, .

,

, .

.

. 1.27.

YZ ,

. 1.27,

,

-

, P1.

P1

HFSS

. ,

,

.

. 1.28.

29

Field Overlays.

,

,

Sources…(

Edit

. 1.28). Edit Sources

OK. HFSS 3D-

.

HFSS

, .

,

. ,

,

, (

. 1.29).

. 1.29. Field Overlays,

–

Mag_E1.

E Field

,

,

Animate…(

. 1.29).

,

,

Setup Animation.

Name

, Animation1.

Swept Variable Phase.

– Swept variable

, :

Start, Step

Stop,

, .

,

Step + 1.

.

OK. 3D30

, . . , . HFSS . Setup1.

Analysis

,

, Edit Sweep (

Add Sweep…. Sweep

. 1.30).

,

Name

– Sweep1.

. 1.30. Discrete,

Sweep Type

. . .

Start

Stop

, Type Step Size

.

Linear Step

. . , , ,

Display>>.

(

. 1.30).

31

, ,

,

. ,

Save Fields (All

Frequencies). S-

. , HFSS

,

Solution Frequency, Solution Setup (

. 1.19). . ,

, .

,

,

, . ,

Edit Sweep

. 1.30,

OK. . .

. Results, Create Report…. Create Report, Report Type

. ,

: 1. Modal S Parameters – 2. Fields –

. ; . ,

Display Type

.

:

1. Rectangular Plot – ; 2. Polar Plot ; 3. Radiation Pattern – ; 4. Data Table 5. Smith Chart – ; 6. 3D Rectangular Plot -

;

; 32

7. 3D Polar Plot . , . Report Type Rectangular Plot ( Traces.

Type –

Create Report Modal S Parameters,

. 1.31).

Display

К.

. 1.31. Setup1: Sweep1.

Solution Category S Parameter,

Y

,

,

Function –

dB (

),

Quantity

S(P1,P1), S(P2,P1), S(P3,P1)

Add Trace.

,

Traces ( . 1.31). Remove Trace ( ), Add Blank Trace

, ), Remove All Traces ( ) Add Trace ( , P1, P2 P3

(

WavePort1

. .

. ,

Result

).

Done.

XY Plot 1

(

. 1.32).

33

. 1.32.

,

, .

Report Display Type –

К.

Report Type Data Table ( Traces.

Category S Parameter,

Quantity

Modal S Parameters,

. 1.33). Setup1: LastAdaptive.

Solution Y

Create

,

Function – , S(P1,P1), S(P1,P2), S(P1,P3)

,

Add Trace.

. 1.33. 34

, Result

Done.

Data Table 1

(

. 1.34).

. 1.34. , ,

(

. 1.34, Solution Data ( . 1.24), , : S21 = S12, S31 = S13

. 1.34).

, , .

S32 = S23. -

, ,

,

⏐S11⏐ =⏐S22⏐ =⏐S33⏐ =1/3 , ⏐S21⏐ = S31⏐ =2/3. ,

2 − 3

, ,

: . 1.32

1.34,

.

-

, .

, . .

S ⋅S = I *

*

S-

I-

,

, S -

,

. (

. 1.34)

, 35

⎡ 0.9999991 ⎢ * S ⋅ S = ⎢ (1.5 − j 0.097 ) ⋅10−7 ⎢(− 1.7 + j 0.37 ) ⋅10 −7 ⎣

..

(1.5 + j 0.097 ) ⋅10−7

0.9999992 (− 2.4 − j 0.099) ⋅10−7

(− 1.7 − j 0.37 ) ⋅10−7 ⎤ (− 2.4 + j 0.099) ⋅10−7 ⎥⎥ , 0.9999995

⎥ ⎦

,

,

-7

10 . : S21 = S31

S22 = S33.

. 1.26 .

,

∼ 0.1%.

, .

,

. HFSS,

. ,

, .

36

2. HFSS

(3D) ,

. . ,

. (

),

,

. . ( ,

. 2.1), ,

,

. Symmetric H-Boundary. ( Box – «

»),

, ,

. .

. 2.1. : • •

. . 37

•

. :

1. 2. 3.

Projects New Project OK.

4.

5.

HFSS. New.

. lpfilter.

Option -> General Project, .

,

. 2.2. Modeler -> Unit…,

3D

( ,

-

).

. 2.2.

2.1.

(

Draw - > Box, . . 2.3) .

– ,

-

38

. 2.3.

. 2.4. . ,

. 2.2. , ,

1.

,

:

Draw-> Box

-

: 39

. 2.5.

. 2.6.

face7 ,

Box1. Select By Name

Edit.

. 25 mil

-

.

40

2.3. (

. 2.7)

X=0, Y=185, Z=25,

,

( ,

,

). .

. 2.7. , Absolute

,

Relative. ( mils) ( .2.1)

. Tab. . 2.1.

-

.

1 2 3

Δx 0 70 0

Tab Δy -12.5 0 -60

Δz 0 0 0 41

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

45 0 65 0 25 0 65 0 45 0 70 0 -385

0 65 0 -125 0 125 0 -65 0 60 0 12.5 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ,

Close Line,

. 2.8.

Enter,

.

,

42

. 2.9. , Perfect_E.

2.4. .

,

. (

Waveport. ,

. 2.10)

. 2,

.

2

x. . .

43

. 2.10. З

( (

)

). Zpv (

)

Zvi (

)

,

.

,

Zpi

, .

1. 2.

: ,

, Impedance

. 0.5

Multiplier. .

3. . 4. . , . 2.

, ,

. 2.10 –

, . ,

ё

xz,

-

, . H

: 44

1. Symmetric Boundary, H ).

(

. 2.11)

Perfect H (

. 2.11. В

2.12. Э

,

.

Symmetric_H_Plane (

).

,

, , (

, .

. 2.12).

2.5.

, ,

tan =0.0003. Assign Material

Eps=9.6 , (

,

. 2.13).

45

. 2.13. HFSS

.

-

, . .

.

. 2.14. , , (

. 2.14). .

,

-

46

2.6. , 2

Analysis -> Add Solution Setup , , ,

1

Add Sweep 10 0.2 . S Result -> Project Report.

, (

.

2.15):

. 2.15.

: Modal Solution Data, –

,

S-

. 2.16.

. 2.16. 47

, S11, S21, S12 ,

S22, Add Trace

: ,

Quantity. Done,

. 2.17.

. 2.17. Ч

,

. (

Field -> Mag E, 2.18).

. 2.18. Э

.

, 48

,

, ,

12

,

. , ,

. ,

HFSS

-

.

49

3. , . . –

, . ,

. -

.

,

.

(

.

)

, ,

,

(

. 3.1).

. 3.1.

: •

,

,

. • • •

,

. .

,

, . 50

,

,

. 1. 2. 3. 4.

-

:

. Projects, New. horntutor New Project. OK.

. New Project.

horntutor.hfss

-

Project. ,

. 3.1. .

-

,

General Options, HFSS.

.

1.

, . 3.2, 3.3.

. 3.2.

- ,

. 3.3.

Project Options ( . 3.2) (TEMP) View

Grid Setting… (

(Library Directory). . 3.4).

51

. 3.4. 30

,

. (

Polar)

. ,

,

,

-

HFSS. , .

-

, Relative -

(

. ). ,

Entry . 2*5,

,

2+6+8, 2*cos(10*(pi/180)). «Entry Field».

,

-

. 3.2. Ч ( 0.9

. 3.5) 0.315

,

0.4

,

. ,

.

52

. 3.5. , .

:

1.

Draw > Box. (

. 3.6.

. 3.6).

,

3.

. ,

. ( OK.

4. 5.475in XoY. ,

. 3.8). . , Draw->Rectangle. «5.475 in»

z

. 3.7. 53

. 3.7. Draw->Line, . ,

,

Draw-> Polyline, , ( . 3.8),

-

.

. 3.8. ,

, .

:

54

.

. 3.9.

, . , .

(

. 3.10).

8

Perfect E. .

. 3.10.

. 3.11. ,

,

. H10.

(

,

. 3.11) ,

, .

Radiate ,

-

. . ,

,

Insert Far Field Setup

Infinite Sphere… (

. 3.12). 55

. 3.12. , ,

. . 3.13.

. 3.13.

, , .

3.3. 8

, .

,

,

Results . Results

,

. 3.14. 56

. 3.14.

: ,

. 3.15.

:

, :

(Directivity), , Polarization Ration, Axial Ratio,

(Realized Gain),

-

:

57

. 3.16.

. 3.17. . , 13.92 dB

. 3.17

:

Max U 1.9957 Peak Directivity Total – 38.792 V. EX 38.791 V, EY –

, . ) D=23.665 = 13.74 dB.

/ (

,

Phi=360° 30°

EZ -

Θ=0

,

X, ,

, 150°,

2.2462 V, ,

0

9.14 V, ϕ

20°.

θ,

. 3.17 . LHCP

E = (ER, EL)

,

RHCP – , .

:

58

(Eθ − jEφ ) 2 1 (Eθ + jEφ ) EL = 2

ER =

1

(3.1) (3.2) -

Ludwig3/X -

, Ludwig3/Y

X.

-

-

, Y.

. ,

:

. 3.18. , Theta,

, Phi

,

(Primery Sweep) , 0deg (

. 3.19).

59

. 3.19. (

. 3.20) – .

. 3.20. , Phi, (

Theta

90deg.

. 3.21),

. 60

. 3.21.

3.4. , ,

.

Planes Field

Global: YZ. (

. 3.22.

. 3.22).

Mag_E 61

. 3.23. Э

,

.

, ,

-

View -> Field -> Animate. ,

,

z, ё ,

.

,

,

,

. ,

, (

, . 3.24).

62

. 3.24.

, . ,

(

. 3.25).

. 3.25.

63

,

, ,

,

.

,

.

3.5. , Draw -> Box.

, . 3.26.

. 3.26.

,

,

, ,

, .

Material

Propeties .

64

. 3.27. ( ,

Add Material, . 3.28). , .

-

. 3.28. 65

(

. 3.28)

-

Enter Frequency Dependence… Piecewise Linear Input ( .

3.30).

. 3.29.

-

, Loss Model Input, ,

-

.

3.6. , , . Enter Frequency Dependent Data Points. OK , Material Setup, ( . 3.30).

. 3.28

Frequency Dependent Enter Frequency Dependent Data Points

66

. 3.30. : • Name • Set Freq Dependent ( , , . , • Dataset:

. ).

-

. ,

, .

, Add/ Import Data.... • Freq As:

, : « X datapoint »

,

, -

« Y datapoint ».

, ,

• 3.31).

. Add/Import dataset, Name

Add Dataset ( ,

. -

ds1.

67

. 3.31. ,

Import from File . Coordinates .

X

-

Y,

,

, .

, Append row…. , Enter Frequency Data Points

, ,

OK. .

3.7. ,

, .

• •

0 0 ⎤ ⎡ε1ε 0 [ε ] = ⎢⎢ 0 ε 2ε 0 0 ⎥⎥ , ⎢⎣ 0 0 ε 3ε 0 ⎥⎦

ε1 -

ε2 -

(

:

( 3.3)

X), Y, 68

• •

ε3 -

ε0 -

Z, .

:

D

⎡ Dx ⎤ ⎡ Ex ⎤ ⎢ D ⎥ = [ε ]⎢ E ⎥ ⎢ y⎥ ⎢ y⎥ ⎢⎣ E z ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ Dz ⎥⎦

(2,2),

T (3,3), .

( 3.4)

ε1 , ε 2 ,

, . 3.34.

ε3

1. Relative Permeability View/Edit Material Anisotropic Type. T(1,1), T(2,2) Relative Permeability. 2. X

Value

3. Y

Value

T(2,2).

4. Z

Value

T(3,3).

T (1,1), T

T(3,3)

T(1,1).

,

. .

69

. 3.32.

. 3.33. T(1,1), T(2,2), T(3,3)

3.8.

: ⎡μ1 μ 0 [μ ] = ⎢⎢ 0 ⎢⎣ 0

0

μ2μ0 0

0 ⎤ 0 ⎥⎥ , μ 3 μ 0 ⎥⎦

• µ1 • µ2 • µ3 • µ0 –

( 3.5)

X. Y. Z. . H B:

⎡H x ⎤ ⎡ Bx ⎤ ⎢ B ⎥ = [μ ]⎢ H ⎥ ⎢ y⎥ ⎢ y⎥ ⎢⎣ H z ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ B z ⎥⎦ , (3,3),

µ1, µ2,

µ3 ( .

( 3.6)

Value

T (1,1), T (2,2),

T

3.33). 70

– µ1, µ2,

, µ3.

3.9. HFSS ,

, .

. 3.34. Nonlinear ( . 3.34), . 3.35.

B(H),

,

71

. 3.35.

B(H)

.

3.10.

,

1

.

0.6 .

300 THz

.

. 3.36. 72

0.4 x 0.6 .

. 3.37.

(

. 3.38),

( Y–

.

). um (

)

, Draw -> Line. Perfect E.

. 3.38.

-

– 1.6 u x 1.8 u x 4 u .

,

,

-

, , (

Draw -> Line

. 3.39),

.

73

. 3.39.

, ,

, ,

,

-

. 3.40.

. 3.40. E

,

,

.

3.41.

. 3.41.

Z 74

. 3.42.

Ex 10 , ,

Plane Wave.

. Assign Axcitation -> Incident Wave -> . 3.43, .

. 3.43. YoZ. Edit Sources.

-

Incident Waves: Scattered Fields ( . 3.44), Total Fields ( . 3.45), Incident Fields ( . 3.46). 75

. 3.44.

. 3.45.

, . ,

. HFSS

.

.

. 3.46. ,

,

,

. , .

-

,

.

76

4. ,

, .

, -

. ,

.

,

E ,

Field.

. 4.1.

. 4.1.

. 4.2.

,

,

,

-

-

, .

. 4.3. . ,

77

, ,

,

,

-

,

, (

. 4.3)

. 13743 -

∠ 97.3°,

, : S11=0.0709

,

. .

, (

-

,

). ,

(

. 4.4).

. 4.4.

,

5.7 in, .

, , (

. 4.5.

. 4.5).

,

78

, ,

.

(

. 4.6).

. 4.6. (

OK

. 4.7)

Near E.

. 4.7. , Primary Sweep ( . 4.8).

,

,

θ

79

. 4.8.

(

. 4.9),

.

. 4.9.

, 5.7 in

4.1. ,

. Z,

Draw->Line.

,

, (0,0,0)

(0,0,10).

80

. 4.10.

,

, Z Radiation

Insert Near Field Setup.

. 4.11.

Line1 ( . 4.12), Reports

(

. 4.11).

,

. Geometry Context Results ->Create -> Near Fields.

81

. 4.12. Traces Line1. (

NearETotal

. 4.12). (

. 4.13).

. 4.13. 82

, Data Table Traces ( . 4.14).

.

. 4.14. (

. 4.15).

. 4.15.

83

4.2. HFSS

,

, .

HFSS, SIWAVE

,

Maxwell3D.

:

1.

,

-

(HFSS-HFSS), 2.

,

(SIWAVE - HFSS),

3.

, / (Maxwell3D - HFSS). , “

“ ”

, “ Wave

”

. .

” , Incident Wave / Far Field Incident Wave / Near-Field Wave. , (link) “ (Source)” , “ (target)” , (Advanced Options) , , “ ” “ ” .

.

, . 4.16)

-

,

(

.

.

84

. 4.16. ,

(

. 4.16)

.

(

-

Incident Wave Source, : ( k).

Eo)

. 4.17. , (

-

. 4.18).

85

. 4.18.

,

,

8

,

.

. 4.19.

. (

. 4.19) HFSS

.

86

-

, ,

, .

-

,

.

, ,

,

HFSS ,

Einc = E 0 e − jk0 ( k ⋅r ) , ˆ

Einc

,

-

E0 -

E-

,

ko k-

,

r ,

ω μ 0ε 0 ,

. . ,

E (t ) = 5 cos( k ⋅ r + ωt ) .

. E–

5 V/m,

.

4.3. -

Hertzian-Dipole , –

. ,

,

.

. 4.20.

, . :

87

1. Dipole Wave.

HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Incident Wave>HertzianIncident Wave Source: General Data ( . 4.21).

2.

Name.

3. Spherical.

Vector Input Format

Cartesian

4. X-, Y-, Z Excitation Location and/or Zero Phase Position. 5.

>.

. 4.21.

45 Incident Wave Source: X-, Y-, Z ( ) .

6. Cartesian, Cartesian Vector Setup ( . 4.21). I*Dipole Length, I (A*m). 7. Spherical, Spherical Vector Setup. a.

Incident Wave Source:

IWavePhi,

φ.

Start Stop

φ

,

φ.

Points View Point List b. IWaveTheta, View Point List,

:

θ.

. φ.

Start, Stop,

Points.

88

φ

c.

θ

I*Dipole Length

Phi

Theta .

. 4.22. , .

φ ,

8. Next. Wave Options. 9.

θ. master

, slave.

Incident Wave Source: Hertzian-Dipole Radius of Surrounding Sphere.

, (10 mm),

. Use Defaults.

89

. 4.23. 10.

,

Finish. Excitations

,

.

4.4. (Incident Cylindrical Wave) , :

. 1.

,

HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Incident Wave>Cylindrical Wave. Incident Wave Source: General Data.

2.

Vector Input Format

Cartesian

.

Spherical

3. X-, Y-, Z Excitation Location and/or Zero Phase Position. 4. Cartesian, Cartesian Vector Setup. X, Y, Z. I (A).

Incident Wave Source: X-, Y-, Z I Vector ( ).

5. Spherical, Spherical Vector Setup. a.

Incident Wave Source: :

IWavePhi, Start

,

φ. 90

φ.

Stop Points

φ.

View Point List b. IwaveTheta View Point List,

φ

c.

θ.

θ

I Vector

( φ.

Start, Stop,

),

θ

,

Phi

φ.

Points. Theta. I –

(A).

,

, φ

. θ.

,

. 4.24.

. 4.25. IVector

6. Options (

Next. . 4.26).

7.

Radius of Surrounding Cylinder. (10 mm),

8.

-

Finish.

Incident Wave Source: Cylindrical Wave ,

. Use Defaults. Excitations.

91

. 4.26. ,

.

4.5. Gaussian Beam –

, ,

-

. : 1.

HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Incident Wave>Gaussian Beam. Incident Wave Source: General Data.

2.

Vector Input Format

Cartesian

Spherical.

3. X-, Y-, Z Location and/or Zero Phase Position,

Excitation .

4. Cartesian, Cartesian Vector Setup. E, E0, : a.

X-, Y-,

Incident Wave Source: , k, Z

k vector ( E0 vector

b.

X, Y,

. 4.28). Z.

. k,

E,

, E0, : 92

•

, z,

-

(0, 0, 1)

•

k vector. .

E0 E0.

•k 5. Spherical, Spherical Vector Setup. a.

Incident Wave Source: :

IWavePhi, Start

,

Stop

,

φ.

φ

. φ.

Points View Point List b.

IWaveTheta,

Start, Stop,

View Point List φ

c.

φ. Points.

θ.

θ E0

Phi

Theta.

,

.

θ. master

, 6. Options.

φ

Next.

,

slave.

Incident Wave Source: Gaussian Beam

7.

Beam Width at Focal Point. Use Defaults.

8.

Finish. Excitations Project.

,

(10 mm), , .

.

Beam (

).

93

. 4.27.

. 4.29.

. 4.28. ( k)

4.6. (Incident Linear Antenna Wave) ,

, . : 1.

HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Incident Wave>Linear Antenna Wave. Incident Wave Source: General Data.

2. 3.

.

Name Vector Input Format

Cartesian

Spherical. 94

4. X-, Y-, Z Excitation Location and/or Zero Phase Position. 5. Vector Setup. Z. I -

Cartesian,

Next.

Incident Wave Source: Cartesian X-, Y-, ZI Vector X, Y, ( ), (A).

6. Spherical, Incident Wave Source: Spherical Vector Setup. a.

:

IWavePhi, Start

φ.

,

φ.

Stop

φ.

Points

φ.

View Point List, b.

-

IWaveTheta, View Point List,

c.

φ

Start, Stop, θ.

θ

I Vector (A).

master

Points.

Phi ,

Theta. I – -

slave.

7. Next. Wave Options.

Incident Wave Source: Linear Antenna

8.

(Length of the Antenna).

9. Cylinder).

(Radius of Surrounding , .

10. Defaults. 11.

(10 mm), Finish. Excitations.

,

Use ,

95

. 4.30.

. 4.31. IVector

:

. 4.32.

. ,

, .

96

5. , ,

. (

.

(

4). -

. 5.1)

: )

Far Field Wave… ( Near Field Wave… (

). , . .

-

, .

. 5.1.

HFSS

HFSS . HFSS, SIWAVE

Maxwell3D. -

, ,

:

(1) , (HFSS-HFSS); , (

(2) (3)

SIWAVE - HFSS); (

Maxwell3D - HFSS).

97

, «

« .

»

» ,

. « » , Incident Wave / Far Field Wave

Incident

Wave / Near-Field Wave: , Radiate (source)

(target) ,

, ,

.

5.1. , -

Radiation Boundary . HFSS , .

. 5.2.

. , , , , . 98

, ,

,

. .

ё

, .

5.2. , 5.3)

( ,

.

. :

.5.3.

99

. 5.4.

,

. 5.5.

, . .

.

(target) ,

. ,

.

. 1.

HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Near Field Wave. Incident Wave Source:General Data.

-

. 5.6.

100

. 5.7.

:

2.

Name . ,

(

,

) (

,

), . . ,

,

. 3. Position (

X -, Y -,

Z Excitation Location and/or Zero Phase ). .

, (-2, -2, 1), (-2, -2, 1). 4. Next. Setup Link,

-

(

. 5.8),

.

101

. 5.8. 5.

,

( . 5.9), Project File, Design, Solution .

. 5.9.

Setup Link. General

:

,

6.

,

.

[...] ,

. , .

(

. 5.16).

102

. 5.10. 7.

, .

( . . ), .

,

-

Project File

.

8.

Solution (

),

.

-

. 9. Link) configuration .

,

.

(External Field External Field Link

Parameters .

. 5.11. 10. Source.

OK,

HFSS

Incident Wave

103

11.

φ ,

.

θ.

, , ,

:

• Phi ( • ( • Psi ( 12.

Z-

). X) ё

Z-

).

.

Finish

Near Field ё Excitations

-

. -

, ,

, (enforced)

(incident)

.

. 5.12. 5

, .

5.3. , HFSS ,

,

104

. 5.13.

,

-

,

.5.14. , .

,

,

. HFSS , ,

.

105

6.

T-

HFSS ,

-

,

. , ,

,

,

,

Sweep. -

, .

,

, . (

. 6.1)

1

.

2 .

. 6.1.

-

( 2

1,

3, 10

.

inch)

3 .

6.1. , .

HFSS Ansoft

,

Driven Modal,

106

S« 1.

» HFSS,

,

.

:

Solution Type.

. 6.2. 2. OK (

Solution Type,

Driven Modal,

. 6.2).

6.2. : -

– .

-

. , .

-

, .

-

. ,

-

. -

.

6.3. . , ,

, , .

, 107

,

, . , inch

. 3D Modeler –> Units. 1.

Draw,

,

.

Box

2.

( (0, -0.45, 0): Tab. 0 X(

a. b.

) ,

. 6.3) ,

-

Tab,

Y. c. d.

-0.45 0

Y,

Tab. Enter.

Z,

. 6.3. 3.

, (2, 0.9, 0)

dX, dY,

4.

,

: dZ.

Enter.

Z (0, 0, 0.4)

.

dX, dY,

dZ,

Enter. , ,

Undo ,

Properties,

Shift+Tab. Edit. HFSS . Command. ( . 6.4) .

108

. 6.4.

,

,

Properties , 1. Properties, 2. Name,

. 6.5.

, . Attribute. Tee

Tee: Enter.

: Value

, ,

,

-

.

–

,

.

109

6.4. , yz

x = 2.

, .

, . HFSS

1. 2.

. , ,

F. YZ

X = 2,

. 6.6.

. 6.6. В

3. Excitation>Wave Port 4. Port1 5. New Line

,

.

3D Modeler Wave Port. Name, Next. Integration Line ( . 6.7).

Assign

. 6.7.

110

7.

(2, 0, 0),

3D Modeler . ,

.

8.

(2, 0, 0.4), (

. 6.8).

. 6.8. WavePort1 9.

«

».

Wave Port

.

6.5. , - .

. ,

, Options (

-

,

HFSS

Tools).

1.

EE Edit>Duplicate>Around Axis 90°

2. (

. . 6.9).

, .

Z,

Duplicate Around Axis

,

Z

. 6.9. 111

3.

90

Angle. .

4.

2

Total Number. . ee

, 5. Tee_1,

OK. .

, Z

, ,

,

90° ( ,

. 6.10). ,

,

.

. 6.10. , Port2, 7.

.

Port1

-

Exitation. Ctrl+D,

-

.

112

. 6.11.

WavePort1

-90 deg

, Tee Tee_1. , Angle ( . 6.12). ( . 6.13).

,

. 6.12. , .

113

. 6.13.

-

6.4. , , ,

HFSS Tools ->3D Modeler Options.

. 6.14. Operation

3D Modeler Options, 114

,

Clone tool objects before uniting , , O. .

,

. 6.15.

5. 6.

OK.

,

.

Ctrl 3D Modeler,

Boolean -> Unite,

.

. 6.16.

3-

115

( 6.16)

.6.15).

(

.

,

.

6.5. –

, .

, y.

,

,

Properties.

Draw, , .

Box

.

, (

.

6.17).

. 6.17. ,

.

Properties (-0.45, 0, 0),

0),

(0.45, 0.1,

(0, 0, 0.4).

116

. 6.18.

-

1.

Tee Box1 ( . 6.17). 3D Modeler -> Boolean -> Substract . : , -

Tee .

2. 3.

Ctrl,

,

Septum

. 3D Modeler,

Boolean,

Subtract.

.

Subtract ( Tool Parts, ,

Parts, 4.

,

5.

OK.

. 6.19). Tee

Box1 Blank .

Clone tool objects before subtracting ( ) . . Tee, .

117

. 6.19.

ToolParts

Blank Parts -

(

. 6.20).

. 6.20.

-

6.6. y: offset - 0.05, , offset

, ( . 6.21). Add Variable,

offset

-

.

118

offset

. 6.21.

, :

, 1. 0in, 6.22).

Position ( Enter.

. 6.21),

. 6.22. 2. 3. 4.

offset

0in Properties, Properties, Ysize 0.1, ,

-0.45in, offset - 0.05in, Add Variable ( .

Tee

Value, Command, Zsize

OK. . 0.45 0.4.

, ,

,

,

-

Xsize.

, Project

Variables. 119

Properties (

. 6.23),

, .

. 6.23. -

. 1. 2. 3.

: Attribute ( Value

Properties Septum OK.

. 6.24). Name.

. 6.24. 4.

.

,

,

. ,

Alt, .

120

6.5. : -

; ; ; ; ; . 10 GHz.

-

, HFSS

-

,

. : 1.

, Analysis,

2.

General ,

TeeModel, Add Solution Setup Solution Setup ( . 6.25). 10 Solution Frequency, GHz.

.

. 6.25. 3. HFSS.

Adaptive Solutions,

Maximum Number of Passes = 3. ,

121

-

Analysis. Setup1 ,

. . , -

(Interpolating). , HFSS

, . ,

HFSS .

.

, : 1. Sweep. 2. 3. Solutions.

Setup1 Edit Sweep. Interpolating.

,

Error Tolerance Max 10 GHz.

Add

,

, HFSS 4. Linear Step 5. Step Size 0.05 GHz. HFSS

. Type. : Start 8 GHz, Stop 10 GHz, ,

(

. 6.26).

122

. 6.26.

Sweep1

.

Display ( .

,

-

Setup1 . 6.26),

6.6. ,

,

-

offset.

1. 2. 3. 4.

,

TeeModel Design Properties. Local Variables , 0.2 OK.

Properties. Value. Value

offset.

: ,

-

-

2. , -

,

2.

.

123

• Analyze. HFSS

,

Analysis . ,

,

1-5

.

, x-y S-

.

:

S-

. T-

.

. , .

. 6.27. 7. 8.

Sweeps. Freq, ( . 6.28). Sweep Design and Project variable values.

,

.

124

offset.

. 6.28. 8.

Primery Sweep

( Add Trace, ,

Freq)

X . .

-

. 9.

S-

Done.

, Result

. 6.29.

. 6.29. .

125

Soffset = 0. offset = 0.2 . Traces Properties , offset = 0, 1. 2 3. , , offset = 0.2 2.

,

S-

. S11≅0.2

1, 0.7 1

, 2

3

0.2 -

. , . ,

Trace Properties

,

.

Trace Properties Trace,

2

. Line Style, . ,

Show Symbols On All , ,

. Under the Color , RGB.

,

6.7. (

. 6.30)

. -

E.

, 1.

126

. 6.30.

offset = 0.

1. , Property View> Property Window. 2. TeeModel 3. Variables Properties, , Enter.

: .

,

. Value

offset= 0 , . :

1. 2.

3D Modeler:

HFSS,

3D Model Editor.

: , Select Faces . 3. T. 4. HFSS>Fields>Plot Fields>Mag_E. Create Field Plot. 5. Setup1:LastAdaptive , . 7. 2 Mag_E1, Mag_E1 1.

E-

Done. ,

3.

Field Overlays. Create Field Plot . E. 127

-

3D Modeler ,

, .

,

Modify…

Log

, Scale.

6.8. ,

.

, ,

,

,

-

.

:

1.

,

Mag_E1 Animate. Setup Animation. 2. Swept Variable, Phase 3. , a. Start =0deg . b. Stop =160deg. c. Steps= 8. 4. OK. ,

-

Swept Variable. :

, 2

-

3.

,

Animation ,

-

, .

8

0

160º. GIF

Audio Video (AVI), Animation.

Export 2, E-

. 1.

2.

.

TeeModel Animation, . Variables offset, ,

0.2

Properties, Enter.

Value E-

.

3 . , .

128

7.

T-

,

-

HFSS Ansoft, ,

, . , ,

, . ,

HFSS. ,

,

, .

HFSS

-

, :

Parametric ( )

, . HFSS .

Optimization ( )

. ,

-

. Sensitivity ( Tuning (

-

)

. (

)

) -

, .

Statistical ( )

‐

,

. -

,

-

6. , 3

,

2. .

,

. , offset,

. .

. . S –

,

. ., offset,

. . 129

. ,

-

1,

2

3.

, 2, 2

3. .

,

,

3 2.

, . -

,

, S-

,

(

). ,

10

. ,

Sweep1

Analysis> Setup1. .

7.1. , ,

HFSS. , .

,

. (

Optimetrics

. 7.1),

. 7.1.

Add>Parametric Setup Sweep Analysis. “Add”.

,

.

,

: 1. Sweep (

Sweep Definitions, . 7.2).

Add.

Add/Edit 130

2. C , 3. 4. 5. 6.

offset

.

Variable

–

-

. Linear step Start Stop Step

. 0, 1, 0.1,

«in» (

).

«in». «in». . HFSS ,

. 7.

Add.

,

. 7.2.

. 7.2. 8. (

OK. . 7.2).

Setup Sweep Analysis , (Linear count), (Exponential count).

131

. 7.3.

offset

HFSS

.

, ,

General

. 7.4.

Save Fields (

. 7.4).

General,

Table, -

offset,

. , ,

(

. 7.5).

132

. 7.5.

offset . variable sweep

definitions.

З T-

,

HFSS

. 2

3.

1.

1,

:

Calculations,

Add (

. 7.6).

, ,

. 7.6.

.

Power11, Power 21 Power31

Calculations

133

2. ( 3.

Edit Calculation.

Output Variables

. 7.7). ,

,

: a. b. c. d. e. f.

Name «Power13». Category, S Parameter. Quantity, S (Port1, Port1). Function, : mag. Insert Quantity Into Expression. , Expression, *( ) Insert Quantity Into

Expression.

Power11= |S11|2

. 7.7.

.

mag (S (Port1, Port1)) *mag (S (Port1, Port1)). Add.

Power11

,

-

, . 4. «Power21»,

3, S (Port2, Port1)

Quantity.

: mag (S (Port2, Port1)) *mag (S (Port2, Port1)).

134

5.

«Power31», S (Port3, Port1) Quantity. : mag (S (Port3, Port1)) *mag (S (Port3, Port1)).

6.

, Power31, Power31 ,

Done.

7. 8.

,

Calculation. 10 . . Power31. Power21

Add,

Calculation,

Enter. Add.

9. 10.

,

Calculation

Power11,

Enter.

. 7.8. Calculations 11.

(

10

)

OK. ,

,

-

, . 7.2. , ,

,

.

135

,

ParametricSetup1 Analyze.

HFSS

. 7.9),

, .

, HFSS

0

Progress ( 0.2 ,

.

.7.9.

,

, ,

7.3.

10 . Message Manager.

S-

. 7.10.

S11 – S12

1,

S13 136

,

2, , ,

3. 0.3 3.

,

,

2, 1,

.

-

,

S11

,

0.3

.

7.4. offset ,

. ,

S-

: 1. Results , Create Report. Create Report. 2. Modal S Parameters Report Type. 3. Rectangular Plot Display Type, OK. Traces ( . 7.11). 4. Y, Y: a. Category, Output Variables. b. Quantity, Shift, Power11, Power21, Power31. c. Function, . 5. X Use Primary Sweep. 6. Sweeps. 7. , x, offset. : a. Sweep Design and Project variable values. b. Freq, offset. 8.

Add Trace.

137

. 7. 11. 9.

Power11, Power21 Power31

Done. ( Results

. 7.12. З

. 7.12).

.

щ offset

138

offset,

(

. 7.12)

1, 2,

3. , ,

3

2.

,

offset= 0.1 Power31 ,

0.32, . offset=0.1

, ,

Power21 0.65,

. offset 11

View, 0 1.0 ( . 7.13).

.7.13.

,

ET-

,

2 ,

,

3

.

0 offset > 0.3

0.3 ,

2

3.

1; ,

0

0.3

.

7. 5. : -

offset

; ; ;

.

7.5.1. 139

,

, .

, -

Design Properties. 1. HFSS Properties. 2. Local Variables, 3. offset, OK.

Design Properties. Optimization. Include (

.7.14.

,

offset,

. 7.14)

,

.

7.5.2. , . 1.

2. 3.

: Optimetrics

,

Add>Optimization ( ) . Setup Optimi zation ( . 7.14). Goal, Quasi Newton ( ) Optimizer. Max. No. of Iterations=100. , 140

.

HFSS

, ,

4.

. ,

Save Fields.

. (

) Quasi

, Newton. ,

0.2

.

–

.

7.5.3. . , 2.

–

-

3 , (

3) - 2 * (

2) = 0

. S .

, ,

0.01,

.7.15. ,

Goal .

(

. 7.15).

, -

1.

,

.

Add.

Cost Function

,

, . 141

2.

,

:

Calculation, Power31 - 2*Power21, ,

Enter. GHz. 3. 4. 5. 6.

10

Condition = ( ). Goal, 0, Weight = [1]. Acceptable Cost,

7.

Enter. 0.01.

, Weight

Noise = 0.0001. ,

. , -

.

7.5.4. : Quasi Newton

Pattern

Search. , Quasi Newton. . , ,

Pattern Search. (

, ).

. ,

,

,

.

, ,

. Pattern Search

,

. .

7.5.5. -

,

-

. , offset = 0.1 3

,

0.2

.

, ,

2. 142

Variables ( offset -

1.

. 7.16). . .

. 7.16. )

( 2.

offset,

Starting Value, Override. .

-

0 0.1,

0.3 in

Enter.

,

,

,

, , -

. Min Max , , 0.3

0. 0.3. , .

7.5.6. , .

,

ParametricSetup1 , . : 143

General ( . 7.17). ParametricSetup1 Parametric Analysis. Solve the parametric sweep before optimization.

1. 2. 3.

.7.17.

General

HFSS

-

,

T-

4. ( 5.

OK

offset. Update design parameter values after optimization ). Setup Optimization. , , ,

. . Optimetrics,

OptimizationSetup1, Analyze . , , , View Analysis Results...

2-4

.

,

7.5.7. .

,

-

0.

144

1.

, Post Analysis

OptimizationSetup1 View Analysis Result… .

Display. 2.

Results, ( . 5.17).

Plot.

.7.18. 11

, .

11

,

.

, ,

, 0.01 (

. 7.18).

3. ,

,

Table. ,

0.09 4.

. Close.

HFSS

0.09

, . , Apply,

-

. ,

Revert.

7.5.8.

145

; Mag_E1 offset. • •

.

,

: Analysis,

Setup1 .

Analyze

1 Mag_E1, , , , E,

View. , . 7.19

. 3

-

2.

.

. 7.19.

-

HFSS.

OptimTee 1. 2. 3.

:

. File, File,

Close. Exit.

,

-

,

, .

146

Ч

8.

:

HFSS

,

,

,

. ,

, . . HFSS

, .

8.1.

(Wave Port) , . ,

.

Assign Exitation -> Wave Port. .

,

. (

. 8.1):

,

.

, .

. 8.1. . 8.1

, ,

,

.

, . , 147

.

, . ,

-

, HFSS

Zpi, Zpv, Zvi. , - TEM Driven Modal

.

, .

,

Driven Terminal.

Driven Terminal .

8.2.

(Lumped Port) ,

Assign Exitation -> Lumped Port. .

Perfect H (

. 8.2.

. 8.2).

, Perfect H ,

-

.

, ,

.

, ,

, . 148

8.3. EM w = 30 mm. , .

(

d = 18.75

, (

) ,

, ,

, . 8.3).

x.

,

. 8.3, X.

, .

TEM, X.

,

8.3.1. “Draw -> Box”. ( . 8.4).

(

. 8.3)

-

. 8.3.

TAB. dx = 30 ), dz = -100 (

(

: x = 0, y = 0, z = 0, , “Enter”, ), dy = 18.75 ( ) “Enter”.

-

149

. 8.5. Д

“Properties”

Enter, ( . 8.5). “PPWG”

“Attribute”, “Transparent” = 0.6. , ,

“HFSS -> Boundaries -> Assign -> Perfect E”.

, (outer).

8.3.2. HFSS

, ,

.

, . .8.6

,

.

.

,

, ,

,

.

,

-

.

. 8.6.

.

.

,

S

150

,

,

( xy z = 0 mm) ( . 8.6) “HFSS -> Excitations -> Assign -> Waveport”. “WavePort: General”. “Next” “WavePort: Modes”. “Number of Modes” ), 3 “update”. .

(

8.6. “Integration line” “New Line” . mm, z = 0 “Enter”, dx = 0 mm, dy = -18.75mm, dz =0 mm ,

(Mode 1) x = 15 mm, y = 18.75 , “Enter”. . (Mode 2) x dx = 0 mm, dy = -6

= 10 mm, y = 6 mm, z = 0, “Enter”. mm, dz =0 mm “Enter”. ( . 8.7). Mode 3, “Integration line” from Mode 2”. , .

“Copy ,

151

. 8.7.

. 8.8.

( 50

“defined” ( “ ”

)

“Integration line” ). “ ” “WavePort: Modes” “WavePort: Post Processing” ( . 8.8).

8.3.3. “HFSS -> Analysis Setup -> Add Solution Setup”. “Solution Setup” ( . 8.9). (Solution Frequency) “10 GHz”. Maximum Number of Passes “0”. , , .

152

. 8.9.

. 8.10.

“Solution Setup” Sweep”. Edit Sweep,

“HFSS -> Analysis Setup -> Add Sweep. “Setup1” OK. (

“Edit

. 8.10):

Sweep type: Discrete Frequency Setup Type: Linear Step Start: 3 GHz Stop: 12 GHz Step: 1 GHz “Save Fields (All Frequencies)”, .

, .

“OK”

.

8.3.4. ( ”(

),

“HFSS-> Analyze ).

, Completion of Simulation on Server”.

“ Normal

153

,

Waveport1 (

“+” “Ports Field Display -> WavePort1”. , Mode 1, Mode 2 Mode 3

.

-

. 8.11).

(TEM, TM01 (H01)

Mode1 (TEM-

TM10 (H10)).

)

Mode2 (H01)

Mode3 (E10)

. 8.11.

( ) . 8.11 2

3 .

2

,

3

, . TEM HFSS (235.45

. 8.12. 1 (TEM),2

3

, ,

).

,

:

154

Z UI =

πb 2a

KZ

2b KZ = a

(8.1) Z PU

–

Z PI =

(8.2)

x, b –

π 2b 8a

K Z (8.3),

y. -

( )

.

(8.2)

Kz [2],

,

Z PU =

λ =

754bλg aλo

λ0 λc

λg =

,

-

(8.4),

,

-

,

:

λ2c − λ20

(8.5).

,

2 ,  где m – m

.

a=3

m=1 λ = 6 m=2

(8.6).

(5GHz ) ,

λ =3

(10GHz ) .

. ,

,

. .

c 3 ⋅ 1010 λo = = = 30 mm f 10 ⋅ 109 (m=1)

λg =

3⋅ 6 = 36mm 36 − 9

5

Z PU = 558

m

155

. 8.13. ,

Zpi ,

PerfectE

PerfectH.

. . . 8.14.

. 8.14.

S12 8.14 5

,

,

30 ,

-

,

.

8.4. , -

. : .

, . ,

, ,

(

. 8.15).

, 156

, . = 2.01 mm,

0.762

.

. 8.15. εr=2.94, h = 31 mils (0.762 mm).

: = 0.0012, = ¼ oz (~ 9 microns)

8.4.1.Ч “Draw -> Box”

. .

x = -30 , y = 0, z = 0 ( . 8.16) dx = 60 , dy = 15 , dz = - 0.762

“Enter”; “Enter”.

-

. 8.16.

157

Attribute

“Properties”, , parent "

,

" Trans-

0.5.

. 8.17.

Assign Material.

"Select

Definition". .

, " View/Edit ".

, ,

“ Add Material ” “Duroid6002” 2.94

0.0012. .

. 8.18. 158

8.4.2.Ч “Draw -> Box”

. xyz.

. 8.20.

. 8.19.

x = -1.005, y = 0, z = 0 ( dx = 2.01, dy = 15, dz = 0.009 (

. 8.19)

“Enter”, “Enter”.

“Properties” “ Transparent”

0.5). (cooper) Attribute.

,

Material

,

.

. 8.20.

,

159

8.4.3. .

“Draw -> Box”. . . x = -30, y = 0, z = -0.762 ( . 8.21) “Enter” dx = 60, dy = 15, dz = -0.009 “Enter”. “Properties”, “Transparent” = 0.5.

. 8.21. ,

,

.

, .

,

,

.

8.4.4. , . . , -

-TEM ( ?

, . 8.22).

,

: .

,

, - TEM

.

, 160

, . . .

.

, .

. . .

, .

,

,

-

. ,

-

, .

, S.

,

. 8.22.

. 8.22.

,

161

,

XoZ,

. . .

, ,

.

.

, .

.

,

, .

. 8.23.

(5

)

“XZ”

= -40

“Draw ->Rectangle”. , x = 20 , y = 0, z = -0.771 , dy = 0, dz = 7.62

. 8.24.

. -

, , “Enter”.

. “Enter”.

dx

,

162

Assign Excitation -> Waveport. . “Next”. 1 Mode 1

-

“Waveport: Modes” , “Integration line” “New Line”

. x = 0, y = 0, z = 0.009 = 0, dy = 0, dz = -0.780 mm “Integra-tion line”

“Enter”

dx

“Enter”. Mode 1 .

. 8.25. ,

.

-

. 1

15

Y. ,

,

5

,

4

. ( Zpi).

163

. 8.26. ,

1 .

8.4.4. ,

,

,

Radiate.

“Draw -> “Simulation

.

Box” Status Window”. “Enter”, “Enter”.

Attribute (

x = -35, y = 0, z = -10 dx = 70, dy = 15, dz= 20 “Properties”, 0.8). “Assign ->

Boundary”

“Radiation”. ,

,

. 8.27.

164

. 8.27.

,

S21,

2

.

,

15

y.

8.4.6. “HFSS -> Analysis Setup -> Add Solution Setup”. “Solution: Setup” “10 GHz”. , “15” , “Ok”. “HFSS -> Analysis Setup -> Add Sweep” “Edit Sweep” Interpolating . , .

: ,

165

. 8.28. “Ok” “HFSS -> Analyze”.

,

. 8.29.

. 8.30.

S11 .

“Ports Field Display -> WavePort1”. .

Mode 1

166

(TEM, TM01(H01) ( . 8.31). 2 –

10 GHz TM10 (H10)),

TEM TE10 (E10).

-

,

,

. 8.31.

( AWR)

ADS LineCalc ,

Txline HFSS (

.

8.33).

. 8.32. 167

. 8.33.

MWO, ,

TXLine

,

(

)

, . HFSS

(

. 8.34.

. 8.34).

Gamma

168

8.5. (

) .

,

, , .

К

К

,

-

-

. . .

,

.

.

,

, .

,

, . , . (

. 8.35).

169

. 8.35.

(

)

8.5.1.Ч

L = 5 mm ( ( z).

Draw -> Box W = 10 mm ( , . 8.36).

y), (

x),

H = 0.762 mm

. 8.36. (

. 8.35)

Y. ;

= 0.1

Width = 1.6 ;

= 0.009

(

. 8.37).

170

. 8.37.

9

8.5.2. ,

. CPW.

CPW.

8.5.3.

y), W = 16 mm (

x), “Radiation”.

, CPW . H = 10 mm (

, L = 5 mm ( z)

ё

. 8.38. ,

CPW

. 8.39.

171

. 8.39. 10 S11

.

HFSS .

. 8.40.

. 8.40. 10 GHz, LineCalc ,

CPW ( AWR, . 8.42)

Txline, HFSS.

172

. 8.42. TXLINE,

AWR

8.6. Щ , ,

ё

,

-

, , (

. . , . 8.43).

Terminal Modal.

,

8.6.1. mm (

x),

L = 5 mm ( H = 0.762 mm ( z).

y), W = 10

173

щ

. 8. 43.

: = 0.17 mm, = 0.009 mm. .

8.6.2. 10 mm .

x

8 mm

z, -

(

).

“Waveport” ( . 8.44). ,

, .

174

. 8.45.

. 8.44.

3

,

5

, (

. 8.45).

. 8. 46.

. 8.47. , 10 GHz (

. 8.46, 8.47), ( HFSS.

AWR)

Txline

8.7. HFSS,

.

(

. 8.48)

,

175

,

«

»

. ω

ω

( kz/ko =U

-

U)

.

. 8.48.

. .

. 8.49.

. 8.50.

176

. 8.51. |S21|(ω)

L –

. ,

Nλ =2L. . L

(

,

. 8.52).

. 8.52. (

66.8

) 177

S21, L. , . , .

,

, ,

,

, .

178

9.

«

» ,

«

» (

. 9.1).

,

, ,

. Lumped Port.

. 9.1.

, .

,

,

. 8

HFSS Tool > Option > HFSS Option. : 1. General .

12 GHz. . HFSS Option (

. 9.2),

(Wizards)

Clone ( OK.

. 9.2),

3. 4.

Tools > Options -> 3D Modeler Options. 3D Modeler Options :

179

. 9.2.

. 9.3.

Operation , Drawing, ( . 9.3).

(

. 9.2),

OK.

9.1. Bowtie.

. 9.4. ,

File > New. Project Insert HFSS Design ( ). HFSS > Solution Type. ( .

:

, . 9.4),

180

(Solution Type) ,

.

HFSS

: Driven Modal

-

S-

. Driven Terminal . ,

-

.

S-

- S,

,

,

. S.

Eignemode –

,

. ,

. , 3D Modeler > Units.

mm

OK (

, . 9.5).

. 9.5.

9.2. xy, . XoY. 1. 2.

, :

Draw->Box , Z= 0.0.

X= -17.0, Y= -32,

Enter.

3.

, dX= 34.0, dY= 64.0, dZ= -2.0.

4.

: Enter. Attribute

Properties (

-

-

. 9.6).

181

. 9.6. Attribute OK. View -> Fit All -> Active View.

. 9.7.

Name: Sub1. , CTRL + D.

-

9.3. , 182

: 1.

Draw > Rectangle.

2.

,

:

X= -0.5, Y= 0.5, Z= 0.0

Enter.

3.

,

:

dX=13.0, dY = 0.6, dZ= 2.0 (

Enter.

. 9.8),

,

.

Rect1

Attribute.

. 9.8.

, ,

-

:

1.

Draw -> Line. X= -0.5, Y= 0.5, Z= 0.0.

2.

, X= -6.0, Y= 21.0, Z=0.0

Enter.

3.

: X=6.0, Y= 21.0, Z=0.0 , Enter, X= 0.5, Y=1.1, Z= 0.0

4.

Enter. ,

(

. 9.9) Bowtie. 183

. 9.9. , ,

, Draw -> Line.

9.4. Bowtie Unassigned (

Rect1,

Bowtie

).  3D Modeler > Boolean > Unite. (Bowtie). .

, Bowtie , Edit -> Duplicate … > Mirror. ,

1. 2.

Rect1

: :

Z, Y, Z. 3.

, ,

dZ (

dX, dY,

. 9.10).

184

. 9.10.

, ,

CuClad

, Bowtie CuClad, 3D Modeler Design Tree (

. 9.11.

Substrate Bowtie_1.

CuClad. Bowtie, Bowtie_1 . 9.11).

CuClad

3. Modeler > Boolean > Substract.

.

Bowtie

,

Bowtie_1

3D

CuClad,

Bowtie

OK..

185

. 9.12. . . : 1. 2.

Bowtie Bowtie_1. HFSS > Mesh Operation>Assign>On Selection>Length Based. ( . 9.13). 3. Maximum Length of Elements ( ) . Length1 Length f Elements».

«Restrict : 3 mm. «Restrict the

Number of Elements».

186

. 9.13.

,

-

, Finite Conductivity.

9.5. А , .

,

,

. , .

,

,

Maximum Refinement Per Pass Options), . 9.14.

. (

-

187

. 9.14. , . 20%

Maximum Refinement Per Pass , .

20%

, , HFSS

. ,

S S ,

. ,

Delta S, , .

,

,

.

, HFSS

,

,

. Delta S (

. 9.14) –

, . Delta S

-

S : x Sij [ ag (S

N ij

(N1) ij)],

0

i

j

. 2.

,N -

,

9.6. , (

. 9.15): 188

1. 2. 3.

Draw > Rectangle. : X= 12.5 , Y= -0.5 , Z= 0.0. , : dX= -1.0 , dY= 1.0 , dZ= 0.0. ,

Attribute

Properties. 1.

Value Name OK.

2.

P1

. 9.15.

: 1.

HFSS > Exitations>Assign>Lumped Port. Lumped Port: General, Port 1, 50 , 0 Next. ,

1. 2. New Line . 3. 4.

: Number of Modes =1 , Mode 1 , None; , X= 12.5 , Y= 0.0 , Z= 0.0 ,

Integration Line

Enter. 189

dX=-1.0, dY=0.0, dZ=0.0

Enter. ,

.

8 -12 8

= 9.375 mm.

,

. , 9.5

0.25*(3e11/8e9) .

9.7. , AirBox (

. 9.16)

,

.

: 1. 2.

Draw > Box , X= -17.0, Y= -32.0, Z= -9.5

Enter. dX= 34.0, dY= 64.0, dZ= 19.0

Enter.

. 9.16.

, Assign Boundary > Radiation. , : 190

1.

HFSS > Radiation >Insert Far Field Setup >Infinite Sphere

2. 3.

, Infinite Sphere (

:

. 9.17)

:

Name: ff_all Phi: (Start= -90, Stop= 90, Step Size=10) Theta: (Start=0, Stop=360, Step Size= 10)

. 9.17. . , 1. 2. В  п

:

HFSS>Analysis Setup>Add Solution Setup, Solution Setup , Solution Frequency = 10 GHz, Maximum Number of Delta S per Pass = 0.01.

Passes = 6 OK. ,

:

191

1.

HFSS > Analysis Setup > Add Sweep . : Setup1 OK 2. Edit Sweep: ‐ Sweep Type: Fast , Linear Step, Start= 8.0 GHZ, Stop= 12.0 GHz, Step= 0.02, Save Fields: : V. 4. OK .

. 9.18.

,

,

«!»

HFSS. . 9.18. :

, 1.

HFSS>Results>Solution Data

2.

Profile, .

3.

, .

Convergence. Plot,

. , ,

Matrix Data. ,

Simulation

Setup1, Last Adaptive 192

.

Close

.

9.8.

S, ,

.

,

:

,

–

. ,

-

S11

. :

1. 1. 2. 3. 4.

HFSS>Results>Create Report , : Modal S Parameters, : Rectangular, OK. :

1. 2. 3.

,

Setup1: Sweep1,

Sweep, Y Category: S Parameter, S(Port1, Port1), dB Add Trace, Done. Report 2D > Mark All Trace. Min,

(

.

9.19). Exit Marker Mode.

193

. 9.19.

(

. 9.20).

. 9.20.

,

,

. 9.20 . 194

: 1. 2.

HFSS>Results>Create Report. : : Far Fields, 3D Polar Plot. Trace : Setup1: Sweep1, ff_all. Sweep, Mag 1. 2. 3. 4.

:

10.44 GHz

Freq : Gain, GainTotal, dB, Add Trace,

Done. (

. 9.21).

. 9.21.

195

: 1. 2. 3.

HFSS>Results>Create Report. Far Fields Radiation Pattern, OK. Trace Setup 1: Sweep1, ff_all. Sweep: Phi

Name, ,

, Theta,

,

Theta.

-

. ,

Phi. -90deg 0 deg.

All Values. ,

, 90°.

Freq Mag dB. Add Trace, ,

10.44 GHz. Directivity,

DirTotal

-

Done. . 9.22.

. 9.22. 196

, . . Z .

197

10.

GPS

, Position System),

GPS (Global : ,

.

,

,

-

.

ё

, . , . ,

. ,

, . ,

90°.

. 10.1.

)

. 10.2.

TM01 (

, ( x y 90°. , y

) TM10 ( ).

x

-

GPS 198

90°

-

. (RHCP),

0° -90° 0° 90°.

(LHCP) , -

:

. ,

-

-

. -

.

90°

, ;

. , , RLC

(

.

. 10.3)

,

,

, ,

. 10.4.

. 10.3.

GPS

. , . ,

fa

fb ( -

RLC

), . ,

, RLC

-

90°.

199

. 10.4.

ми

,

ями

GPS , ,

.

, 90°.

,

.

,

,

-

GPS

.

,

,

, -

,

.

(AR).

3 dB .

, (0 dB) .

,

, . z(

z-

).

.

-

-

.

-

– ,

-

–

-

. GPS

,

. 10.5.

200

. 10.5.

GPS

,

, 4 9.8

,

0.0001.

,

. ,

.

GPS – Box

(

.

Create - >

. 10.6):

. 10.6.

201

,

10,

, . 1 X-

5

,

Y.

5

. 10.7.

X5 (

Y5

. 10.6).

, Substrate (

X5

Y5) ,

.

,

-

. :

,

,

,

.

. 10.8. , Draw-> Rectangle,

:

202

10.9.

GPS. Perfect E «ZY» ,

. 10.10.

, ,

.

. 10.10. , ,

(

. 10.11).

203

. 10.11. ,

, . ,

Draw -> Box 10.12

.

Radiate.

. 10.12. 1.61 2

.

,

,

1 ,

.

GPS ,

(

3-

. 10.13).

204

. 10.13.

Directivity max = 3.85 dB

,

Rectangular Plot (

.

10.13). , Axial Ratio (

. 10.15.

. 10.15).

Traces θ, Sweeps.

:

205

Add Trace, mag(AxialRatio)

Done Theta ( . 10.16).

. 10.16.

,

( AxialRatio = 1)

. 10.17.

GPS

.

. . –

,

‐

. . 206

, ,

50

. ,

-

,

,

.

S11/VSWR (S11 /VSWR). . ,

, -

.

. 10.20.

.

GPS

,

, ,

VSWR=3; ,

S11 ,

,

:

–10 dB,

. .

.

,

-

/

(

,

1

,

).

.

,

.

, . 207

GPS . ,

HFSS -> Design Properties. . ,

.

1.61

.

. 10.21.

, Include, .

.

,

, ) ).

( ,

Edit

( . . -60 60 . 10.22.

208

. 10.22.

.

-

: -60º

Dir

60º

Krug

-

, , Analysis, Optimization -> Setup. ,

. ,

OptimizationSetup -> View Analysis Results. ,

GPS .

, .

,

, .

209

11. . ,

, .

(Tapered-Slot Antenna, TSA).

,

TSA, . 11.1 -

.

, .

. 11.1.

.

TSA -

,

. .

,

TSA

, . , . ,

, . 11.2).

. ( ,

–

,

.

210

. 11.2. –

"

". .

,

, ,

, .

-

, (λ/2).

, ,

,

, ph Spline .

, (

(

. 11.8). . Set Edge Type Æ Spline

).

. 11.8.

215

, . (

-

, . 11.9).

1.61

. 11.9.

. 11.10.

,

, 10

,

-

. -

(

. 11.10)

. , ,

,

,

-

, 11.1.

216

2a ⎛ ⎞ L = 01 . b⎜ 4 n ln − C n ⎟ , ⎝ ⎠ W

10...100 nH

nCn –

.

19 . ⎡ ⎤ ⎢1 + ( 2m − 1) ( 1 + d / b) + ⎥ ⎥ = 3.6 ⋅10 −3( ε + 1) l × ⎢ 0 .25 0 .4388 ⎢ ⎥ ⎛ h⎞ ⎛ b⎞ ⎢3( m − 1) ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎥ ⎝ d ⎠ ⎝ h⎠ ⎣ ⎦ m– hn Cn

2 2.76

3 3.92

4 6.22

5 7.6

, l, 6 9.7

7 10.92

, d8 13.38

0.2 ... 5 pF

, ,

9 14.92

10 16.86

,

11 18.46

, , 50

(

12 20.36

.

-

,

. 11.11).

.

. 11.11.

,

, . ,

,

.

217

. 11.12. . 11.12 , . . 8%.

, ,

100 .

,

, . 11.13.

. 11.13. ,

Z , . .

,

, ,

. 11.5. 218

12. –

-

. , ,

Draw -> Helix. ,

. ,

, ,

, .

. 12.1. 90

.

1D . (15,1,0)

2D – Draw -> Line

(15,-1,0).

. 12.2.

– 219

1.

1D

(

. Draw

2. 3.

),

Helix. , Z.

. a.

: (0,0,0)

. b.

dX, dY, dZ. ( Helix ( . 12.3).

dX=0, dY=0, dZ=30).

. 12.3. 4. 5.

6.

,

Right hand . Pitch, ( . 12.3). 0.5, , Turns,

, 50 (0.5). .

,

Left hand

.

,

. 12.1. , ,

Properties, (

. 12.5).

220

. 12.4. 7.

-

OK. , ,

. Sir –

:

. 12.5. H50 -

:

. 12.6. YoZ

,

. 221

. 12.7.

, . Z

Lumped Port

,

Edit -> Dublicate Around Axis. :

. 12.8.

Z ,

, .

-

.

. 12.9.

222

. 12.10. , 2

,

Draw->Line.

,

1:

. 12.11.

. 12.12. 223

Properties (

-

Edite -> Dublicate -> Along Line 51 . . 12.13) Z=51.

. 12.13. Perfect E. ,

Radiate

,

. 12.14.

.12.14. : . , (

–

1.61 -

. 12.15).

224

. 12.15.

. 12.16.

225

. 12.17.

S11

. 12.18. HFSS

-

.

,

, ,

. HFSS

,

226

,

. ,

,

.

. 12.19. HFSS c

, .

HFSS

. .

,

Mesh Operations

HFSS. , (

)

(

HFSS,

-

). ,

. , HFSS . ,

. : 227

1. HFSS

(

Surface Approximation,

. 12.20.

.12.20).

. : ; ;

2. refinement), HFSS

(lambda , .

228

. 12.21.

. :

3.

-

, .

4.

, HFSS

-

. 5.

, HFSS

-

, , Solution Setup , HFSS

6.

. ,

. . E 7.

.

HFSS .

,

8. HFSS

,

, .

, Adaptive Options ( . 12.22). .

-

229

. 12.22.

, (

)

9.

; ,

e

-

HFSS . , HFSS,

, . (

)

,

,

.

, ,

,

,

,

, , .

HFSS (

, . 12.24).

,

. , . . Mesh Operations

-

230

.12.23. HFSS

(length-

, based mesh refinement)

HFSS -

.

.

, , apply mesh

. operations without generating a solution, . , HFSS

-

. .

: •

,

(

). ,

,

-

, . 231

•

,

, -

.

, , .

(Length-Based Mesh Refinement) ,

,

HFSS

, . .

.

, . ,

,

,

,

-

.

,

, Length Based.

. 12.24.

. 12.24. , 16

, ( 1000.

),

232

,

HFSS

. . .

, . ,

, .

HFSS

, -

. .

.

. 12.25.

,

-

, HFSS ,

-

. (P0, P1, P2, ..., Pn) ,

-

,

, Pn -

P0

, . P0 -

n-

.

,

, Pn

P0.

, Skin Depth (

-

Number of Layers of Elements ( ):

12 mm

):

4

233

Distance [P0,P1]: 0.8 mm. Distance [P1,P2]: 1.6 mm. Distance [P2,P3]: 3.2 mm. Distance [P3,P4]: 6.4 mm. Distance [P0,P4]: 0.8 + 1.6 + 3.2 + 6.4 = 12 mm

,

,

. : •

, -

.

•

,

,

,

. •

,

.

,

,

-

, , -

, HFSS

, -

. . ,

.

234

.12.26.

-

,

-

HFSS ,

,

, . (true surfaces). , HFSS

-

. ,

,

, . ,

-

; .

235

. 12.27. ,

-

. surface deviation, . . ,

. »

, «

,

-

, normal deviation

. aspect ratio

,

,

,

-

. , . , ,

(

-

Surface Approximation. HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>Surface Approximation.)

236

. 12.28. . ,

. .

,

-

, .

HFSS .

–

,

,

. , .

, ,

,

, . ,

,

,

. HFSS .

, ,

-

, ,

. 237

, ,

, .

10

,

,

. ,

-

. ,

. ,

, . HFSS . .

. 12.29.

. 12.30. (Model Resolution) 238

–

,

-

, . , .

-

, , . ,

-

,

. , Model Resolution -

-

. ,

L,

. . .,

,

, ,

. ,

,

. ,

,

Model Resolution.

. , Model Resolution

.

. 0. 1* λ. ,

Model Resolution . . . ACIS.

Model Resolution = 100*

1.

,

.

, 2.

.

HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>On Selection>Length-Based. Element Length-Based Refinement.

3.

Name .

4.

,

: 239

a.

Restrict Length of Elements.

b.

, Maximum Length of Elements.

HFSS

,

, . 20% .

.

5.

, : a. b.

Restrict the Number of Elements. .

Maximum Number of Elements

c.

OK. ,

,

.

-

, .

:

HFSS 1. 2.

,

.

HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>Inside Selection>Length-Based. Element Length-Based Refinement.

240

. 12.31. 3.

Name

-

. 4.

: a.

Restrict Length of Elements.

b. Maximum Length of Elements. 20% . HFSS

, .

5.

, : a.

Restrict the Number of Elements.

b.

Maximum Number of Elements.

c.

OK. ,

, .

,

-

, . 241

1.

,

.

,

. 2.

HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>On Selection>Skin-Depth-Based. Skin Depth-Based Refinement.

. 12.32. 3.

Name .

242

4.

-

, Skin Depth.

,

-

,

, a.

:

Calculate Skin Depth.

Calculate Skin

Depth. b. Relative Permeability c.

Conductivity.

Frequency .

d.

OK. HFSS

-

-

Skin Depth. 5.

,

Number of Layers of Elements . HFSS . , HFSS Surface Triangle Length, 10

10

.

6. Surface Triangle Length. 20% . (

HFSS ,

-

) .

7.

,

-

: a. b. c.

Restrict the Number of Surface Elements. Maximum Number of Surface Elements. OK. ,

,

-

.

HFSS

,

-

. HFSS

,

, .

: 243

1.

, .

,

, ,

. 2.

HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>Surface Surface Approximation ( . 12.33).

Approximation.

. 12.33. 3.

Name .

4. •

:

Surface Deviation, Ignore .

•

Set maximum surface deviation (length), , .

5.

Normal Deviation, • Ignore ,

: . 244

• Use defaults , ( 6.

,

22.5º.

• Set maximum normal deviation (angle), ) . :

Aspect Ratio,

aspect

• Ignore ratio

. • Use defaults, ,

10

200

. • Set aspect ratio,

. ,

. .

,

, 7.

1, . -

OK. . Mesh Operations.

(Model Resolution) ,

-

. . 1. 2. 3.

:

, (Model Resolution length). HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>Model Resolution. Model Resolution Mesh Operation (

. 12.34.

«

. 12.34).

» 245

,

,

a.

:

Mesh Operations 3D Modeler

, . b. 4. .

Assign>Model Resolution Assign Mesh Operation>Model Resolution

Project Tree .

Model Resolution Mesh Operation (Model Resolution length), , .

5. Operations

Model Resolution Mesh , Model Resolution .

OK. .

, . –

,

. lambda refinement

surface approximation, .

-

, , HFSS

, Revert to Initial ,

Analysis Setup,

Mesh. .

, Setup,

, HFSS, Apply Mesh Operations. , HFSS .

Analysis , ,

,

. ,

.

.

246

HFSS

10,

Ansoft, – ,

, . , . , . HFSS, Agilent,

Hewlett Packard

-

,

, . ,

,

-

. –

, -

, -

. .

, .

HFSS – HFSS Designer

, , ,

,

-

ADS. ,

(

). -

, ,

, ,

( – SCT, HFSS -

:

,

FEKO

). -

, , . ,

, – HFSS

– ё

.

247

[1] HFSS – High Frequency Structure Simulation. Manuals, Ansoft, 2004. [2]

.

. /

.,

. .

, 1982. - 272 .

[3] K. A. Balanis. Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, Wiley & Sons, 2 nd edition, 1997, 942 pp. [4]

. .

[5]

,

.,

Ю. ., К Microwave Office. , 2003.- 496 . . .,

-

. ., К

[6]

,

-

. .

. .

. . . .,

. –

.

, 2004, 208 . ./

, 2005, - 416 . ( 8. www.ansoft.com – Ansoft.

« Ansoft –

10.www.edem3d.ru (

.

. .

ё ,- :

»).

9. www.microwavestudio.com – Microwave Studio CST.

HFSS

-

EDEM). c

OA «

.

. .

7.

11.

, 247

. .

HFSS. . . - .,

.

» www.rodnik.ru.

12. http://ipso.ioso.ru/distance .

248

………………………………………………… 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

-

………… …………… ………………………. …………………….. …………. …………………………….. ….. HFSS…………… « » ……………… GPS……………………………… ………………………………………….. …………………………………… ………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………

6 8 37 50 77 97 106 129 147 179 198 210 219 247 248

249