199 99 8MB
Russian Pages 246 Year 2009
. .,
. .
HFSS Ansoft
А
«
«
К»
Ч, .К www.rodnik.ru , [email protected] 8 (499) 613-7001; 8 (499) 613-2688
2009 4
621.3.049.77.029:681.3.06
. .,
. .
HFSS Ansoft –
,
«
«
», 2009, 256 .
,
, HFSS Ansoft,
, HFSS
. Ansoft
10. HFSS Ansoft .
, HFSS .
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,
HFSS.
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,
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. , , «
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, : [email protected],
. 8 (499) 6137001,
8 (499) 3179754. «
«
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.
621.3.049.77.029:681.3.06 © © ©
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,
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Ansoft.
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,
HFSS. ,
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« 1
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8.7.
7
1. К
T-
HFSS -
, .
HFSS
,
, ,
,
, ,
. ,
, .
, . HFSS -
HFSS (
.
. 1.1).
. 1.1.
HFSS
8
HFSS .
,
, . . (Project Manager) ,
. . Projectn,
n –
,
HFSS. ,
Project → Insert HFSS Design,
. ,
,
. , HFSSModeln,
n–
,
. ,
, -
. , . 3D-
(3D Modeler), Manager). 3D-
(Project . .
3D– , . .
3D Modeler → Units.
3D. mm (
)
OK.
HFSS
.
,
. ,
,
, ,
.
.
9
. 1.2.
3-D
-
, -
.
-
. 1.2. . , . .
1.1. Ч 1. .
Draw → Cylinder,
2.
, , . XY. .
3.
,
,
Z.
10
. 1.3.
. 1.4.
4.
. ( ,
Height) (Center Position).
. 1.3).
(Radius
OK.
3D( . 1.4),
, Cylinder1.
. .
1.2. Ч , ,
, .
Command
(
. 1.5).
Attribute
, ,
, (
-
).
К.
11
. 1.5.
. 1.6.
3D(
, ,
. 1.6). – Cylinder2.
1.3. Ч
Y , ,
Z. Y. , ,
, XZ. ( . 1.7).
,
. 1.7. , 1.8). Y.
1.1. (
,
.
Axis
Y. .
, , Value
К.
. ,
– Cylinder3.
12
. 1.8.
,
Y . ( ,
. 1.9.
– Cylinder4. ( . 1.10).
,
. 1.8). 3D-
Y
13
. 1.10.
3D-
1.4. Ф
-
: (Cylinder2
, (Cylinder1 Cylinder4),
3D-
,
Cylinder3),
7 3
,
. 3D-
,
, -
.
1.
, Ctrl
,
. , Cylinder1
Edit → Boolean → Unite (
. 3D-
Cylinder3.
, . 1.11).
14
. 1.11. Cylinder1
,
Cylinder3
, .
, Cylinder3.
Cylinder3 ,
Unite ,
. .
2.
. , Ctrl
.
,
, Cylinder2
3DCylinder4.
Edit → Boolean → Unite.
,
Cylinder2.
3.
-
. -
-
,
(Cylinder3),
-
, Subtract.
(Cylinder2). Cylinder3 Cylinder3,
. Subtract, (
Cylinder2.
Subtract Edit → Boolean → Subtract… . Blank Parts
Tool Parts
. 1.12). 15
Subtract
. 1.12. Blank Parts
,
Tool Parts.
Blank
,
Parts Cylinder3.
–
.
– .
Tool Parts Cylinder2.
, Subtract.
, .
, , К.
. Blank Parts
Tool Parts
Subtract, Cylinder3,
3D-
-
. .
Cylinder3 Cylinder3
,
- CoaxTee.
1.5. , , .
, . , . : XY
YZ. 16
.1.13. YZ.
,
Edit → Boolean → Split…, (YZ) (Negative side). К. . 1.14. 3D-
CoaxTee (Cylinder3)
.
. , (Perfect E) . , . ,
HFSS
,
,
, , -
-
. .
.
. (Face). , , .
.
Assign Excitation → Wave port… (
. 1.14).
17
.1.14. (
. 1.15).
(Wave Port: General)
.
WavePort1.
,
>.
P1. (Wave Port: Modes) (Number of Modes)
.
. ,
.
(Integration Line) (Characteristic Impedance). , :
, ; , ZPV
ZVI. ,
, .
, 18
,
,
:
Characteristic Impedance - ZPI.
Integration Line – None,
>.
. 1.15. (Wave Port: Post Processing) , : (Port Renormalization)
(
)
(Deembed Setting). (
. 1.15).
.
,
, (
. 1.16). 19
. 1.16.
(Perfect H).
, -
. .
.1.17. 20
-
:
-
(
. 1.17).
, . ,
Ctrl ,
Assign Boundary → Symmtry… .
.
Symmetry Boundary Perfect H. Port Impedance Multiplier
0,5 (
3D.
Symmetry Impedance Multiplier….
. 1.17).
, ,
Name
К.
Sym1.
К.
.
, . .
. 1.18. . (Excitations)
(Boundaries) (
1.6.
. 1.18). ,
,
HFSS ,
.
.
: ;
21
, ;
, . . .
Analysis, Add Solution Setup…. Solution Setup (
. 1.19).
. 1.19. :
General Setup Name -
, (
Solution Frequency – Maximum Number of Passes – ( ; Convergence per pass , .
– Setup1); ; )
: 1. (
. ).
22
,
Options
,
Advanced.
HFSS
.
2.
, .
3. 4.
. ,
,
Advanced.
Options
. 5.
Maximum Delta S,
,
. ,
. Maximum Number of Passes.
.
К.
1.19 .
. ,
Validate
HFSS. 3D,
, .
)
)
. 1.20. )
: ;
)
. Validation Check
(
. 1.20). ,
,
. 1.20 . .
Close
.
. . 1.20 . .
Close
23
,
,
.
Analyze
HFSS.
. 1.21.
. 1.22. , ,
(
1.21).
,
.
Abort.
, (
. 1.22). , Solution Data, HFSS. .
Solution Data
. 1.23.
Solution Data
24
Convergence (
. 1.23)
. ,
Simulation
. . Setup1. ,
Number of Passes (Completed) (Maximum) .
, (Minimum) (N/A). (Current)
Max Mag. Delta S
,
0.00168,
(Target),
. ″
,
″ .
CONVERGED
Plot Table, View.
:
, . ,
Profile
. ,
, .
. 1.24.
Solution Data
Matrix Data
, 25
(mode) (
1.24).
. ,
Simulation Setup1, LastAdaptive (
: ;
1.24). ,
. S Matrix.
. Magnitude/Phase (
/
). (Gamma) (Z0). :
⎛D⎞ Z 0 = 60 ln⎜ ⎟ . ⎝d⎠ D/d=7/3,
λ = c/ f ,
= 3⋅10
8
/ –
Z0 = 50.838 . ( . 1.24) 0.1%.
, f–
λ = 0.15 .
: . Lambda
0.1499 .
0.07%.
Solution Data,
. ,
Solution Data
. Port Field Display P1, P2 P3, Mode n,
n–
. . ( ,
,
. 1.25). . ,
Validate (
. 1.20).
, -
.
, 26
.
Validate
, . ,
, .
Display,
Port Field
1
Mode 1.
(
, . 1.25).
)
)
. 1.25.
11
, , ).
. 1.25 –
-
(
. , 1.25 ,
, ,
,
.
11.
. .
, , . HFSS
, . Solution Setup Only
General (
Solve Port
. 1.19). ,
. ,
, , Solve Port Only.
.
27
, , . YZ. . YZ
Planes
,
Global:YZ.
3D-
,
YZ. Plot Field → Mag_E.
HFSS,
,
.
Create Done (
Plot
. 1.26).
YZ
. 1.26. , ,
HFSS Mag_E1,
E-Field
3D-
.
. ,
.
E Field [V/m],
3D-
(
. 1.27).
. E Field [V/m],
Modify…. 28
HFSSModel1 -- E Field,
, .
,
, .
.
. 1.27.
YZ ,
. 1.27,
,
-
, P1.
P1
HFSS
. ,
,
.
. 1.28.
29
Field Overlays.
,
,
Sources…(
Edit
. 1.28). Edit Sources
OK. HFSS 3D-
.
HFSS
, .
,
. ,
,
, (
. 1.29).
. 1.29. Field Overlays,
–
Mag_E1.
E Field
,
,
Animate…(
. 1.29).
,
,
Setup Animation.
Name
, Animation1.
Swept Variable Phase.
– Swept variable
, :
Start, Step
Stop,
, .
,
Step + 1.
.
OK. 3D30
, . . , . HFSS . Setup1.
Analysis
,
, Edit Sweep (
Add Sweep…. Sweep
. 1.30).
,
Name
– Sweep1.
. 1.30. Discrete,
Sweep Type
. . .
Start
Stop
, Type Step Size
.
Linear Step
. . , , ,
Display>>.
(
. 1.30).
31
, ,
,
. ,
Save Fields (All
Frequencies). S-
. , HFSS
,
Solution Frequency, Solution Setup (
. 1.19). . ,
, .
,
,
, . ,
Edit Sweep
. 1.30,
OK. . .
. Results, Create Report…. Create Report, Report Type
. ,
: 1. Modal S Parameters – 2. Fields –
. ; . ,
Display Type
.
:
1. Rectangular Plot – ; 2. Polar Plot ; 3. Radiation Pattern – ; 4. Data Table 5. Smith Chart – ; 6. 3D Rectangular Plot -
;
; 32
7. 3D Polar Plot . , . Report Type Rectangular Plot ( Traces.
Type –
Create Report Modal S Parameters,
. 1.31).
Display
К.
. 1.31. Setup1: Sweep1.
Solution Category S Parameter,
Y
,
,
Function –
dB (
),
Quantity
S(P1,P1), S(P2,P1), S(P3,P1)
Add Trace.
,
Traces ( . 1.31). Remove Trace ( ), Add Blank Trace
, ), Remove All Traces ( ) Add Trace ( , P1, P2 P3
(
WavePort1
. .
. ,
Result
).
Done.
XY Plot 1
(
. 1.32).
33
. 1.32.
,
, .
Report Display Type –
К.
Report Type Data Table ( Traces.
Category S Parameter,
Quantity
Modal S Parameters,
. 1.33). Setup1: LastAdaptive.
Solution Y
Create
,
Function – , S(P1,P1), S(P1,P2), S(P1,P3)
,
Add Trace.
. 1.33. 34
, Result
Done.
Data Table 1
(
. 1.34).
. 1.34. , ,
(
. 1.34, Solution Data ( . 1.24), , : S21 = S12, S31 = S13
. 1.34).
, , .
S32 = S23. -
, ,
,
⏐S11⏐ =⏐S22⏐ =⏐S33⏐ =1/3 , ⏐S21⏐ = S31⏐ =2/3. ,
2 − 3
, ,
: . 1.32
1.34,
.
-
, .
, . .
S ⋅S = I *
*
S-
I-
,
, S -
,
. (
. 1.34)
, 35
⎡ 0.9999991 ⎢ * S ⋅ S = ⎢ (1.5 − j 0.097 ) ⋅10−7 ⎢(− 1.7 + j 0.37 ) ⋅10 −7 ⎣
..
(1.5 + j 0.097 ) ⋅10−7
0.9999992 (− 2.4 − j 0.099) ⋅10−7
(− 1.7 − j 0.37 ) ⋅10−7 ⎤ (− 2.4 + j 0.099) ⋅10−7 ⎥⎥ , 0.9999995
⎥ ⎦
,
,
-7
10 . : S21 = S31
S22 = S33.
. 1.26 .
,
∼ 0.1%.
, .
,
. HFSS,
. ,
, .
36
2. HFSS
(3D) ,
. . ,
. (
),
,
. . ( ,
. 2.1), ,
,
. Symmetric H-Boundary. ( Box – «
»),
, ,
. .
. 2.1. : • •
. . 37
•
. :
1. 2. 3.
Projects New Project OK.
4.
5.
HFSS. New.
. lpfilter.
Option -> General Project, .
,
. 2.2. Modeler -> Unit…,
3D
( ,
-
).
. 2.2.
2.1.
(
Draw - > Box, . . 2.3) .
– ,
-
38
. 2.3.
. 2.4. . ,
. 2.2. , ,
1.
,
:
Draw-> Box
-
: 39
. 2.5.
. 2.6.
face7 ,
Box1. Select By Name
Edit.
. 25 mil
-
.
40
2.3. (
. 2.7)
X=0, Y=185, Z=25,
,
( ,
,
). .
. 2.7. , Absolute
,
Relative. ( mils) ( .2.1)
. Tab. . 2.1.
-
.
1 2 3
Δx 0 70 0
Tab Δy -12.5 0 -60
Δz 0 0 0 41
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
45 0 65 0 25 0 65 0 45 0 70 0 -385
0 65 0 -125 0 125 0 -65 0 60 0 12.5 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ,
Close Line,
. 2.8.
Enter,
.
,
42
. 2.9. , Perfect_E.
2.4. .
,
. (
Waveport. ,
. 2.10)
. 2,
.
2
x. . .
43
. 2.10. З
( (
)
). Zpv (
)
Zvi (
)
,
.
,
Zpi
, .
1. 2.
: ,
, Impedance
. 0.5
Multiplier. .
3. . 4. . , . 2.
, ,
. 2.10 –
, . ,
ё
xz,
-
, . H
: 44
1. Symmetric Boundary, H ).
(
. 2.11)
Perfect H (
. 2.11. В
2.12. Э
,
.
Symmetric_H_Plane (
).
,
, , (
, .
. 2.12).
2.5.
, ,
tan =0.0003. Assign Material
Eps=9.6 , (
,
. 2.13).
45
. 2.13. HFSS
.
-
, . .
.
. 2.14. , , (
. 2.14). .
,
-
46
2.6. , 2
Analysis -> Add Solution Setup , , ,
1
Add Sweep 10 0.2 . S Result -> Project Report.
, (
.
2.15):
. 2.15.
: Modal Solution Data, –
,
S-
. 2.16.
. 2.16. 47
, S11, S21, S12 ,
S22, Add Trace
: ,
Quantity. Done,
. 2.17.
. 2.17. Ч
,
. (
Field -> Mag E, 2.18).
. 2.18. Э
.
, 48
,
, ,
12
,
. , ,
. ,
HFSS
-
.
49
3. , . . –
, . ,
. -
.
,
.
(
.
)
, ,
,
(
. 3.1).
. 3.1.
: •
,
,
. • • •
,
. .
,
, . 50
,
,
. 1. 2. 3. 4.
-
:
. Projects, New. horntutor New Project. OK.
. New Project.
horntutor.hfss
-
Project. ,
. 3.1. .
-
,
General Options, HFSS.
.
1.
, . 3.2, 3.3.
. 3.2.
- ,
. 3.3.
Project Options ( . 3.2) (TEMP) View
Grid Setting… (
(Library Directory). . 3.4).
51
. 3.4. 30
,
. (
Polar)
. ,
,
,
-
HFSS. , .
-
, Relative -
(
. ). ,
Entry . 2*5,
,
2+6+8, 2*cos(10*(pi/180)). «Entry Field».
,
-
. 3.2. Ч ( 0.9
. 3.5) 0.315
,
0.4
,
. ,
.
52
. 3.5. , .
:
1.
Draw > Box. (
. 3.6.
. 3.6).
,
3.
. ,
. ( OK.
4. 5.475in XoY. ,
. 3.8). . , Draw->Rectangle. «5.475 in»
z
. 3.7. 53
. 3.7. Draw->Line, . ,
,
Draw-> Polyline, , ( . 3.8),
-
.
. 3.8. ,
, .
:
54
.
. 3.9.
, . , .
(
. 3.10).
8
Perfect E. .
. 3.10.
. 3.11. ,
,
. H10.
(
,
. 3.11) ,
, .
Radiate ,
-
. . ,
,
Insert Far Field Setup
Infinite Sphere… (
. 3.12). 55
. 3.12. , ,
. . 3.13.
. 3.13.
, , .
3.3. 8
, .
,
,
Results . Results
,
. 3.14. 56
. 3.14.
: ,
. 3.15.
:
, :
(Directivity), , Polarization Ration, Axial Ratio,
(Realized Gain),
-
:
57
. 3.16.
. 3.17. . , 13.92 dB
. 3.17
:
Max U 1.9957 Peak Directivity Total – 38.792 V. EX 38.791 V, EY –
, . ) D=23.665 = 13.74 dB.
/ (
,
Phi=360° 30°
EZ -
Θ=0
,
X, ,
, 150°,
2.2462 V, ,
0
9.14 V, ϕ
20°.
θ,
. 3.17 . LHCP
E = (ER, EL)
,
RHCP – , .
:
58
(Eθ − jEφ ) 2 1 (Eθ + jEφ ) EL = 2
ER =
1
(3.1) (3.2) -
Ludwig3/X -
, Ludwig3/Y
X.
-
-
, Y.
. ,
:
. 3.18. , Theta,
, Phi
,
(Primery Sweep) , 0deg (
. 3.19).
59
. 3.19. (
. 3.20) – .
. 3.20. , Phi, (
Theta
90deg.
. 3.21),
. 60
. 3.21.
3.4. , ,
.
Planes Field
Global: YZ. (
. 3.22.
. 3.22).
Mag_E 61
. 3.23. Э
,
.
, ,
-
View -> Field -> Animate. ,
,
z, ё ,
.
,
,
,
. ,
, (
, . 3.24).
62
. 3.24.
, . ,
(
. 3.25).
. 3.25.
63
,
, ,
,
.
,
.
3.5. , Draw -> Box.
, . 3.26.
. 3.26.
,
,
, ,
, .
Material
Propeties .
64
. 3.27. ( ,
Add Material, . 3.28). , .
-
. 3.28. 65
(
. 3.28)
-
Enter Frequency Dependence… Piecewise Linear Input ( .
3.30).
. 3.29.
-
, Loss Model Input, ,
-
.
3.6. , , . Enter Frequency Dependent Data Points. OK , Material Setup, ( . 3.30).
. 3.28
Frequency Dependent Enter Frequency Dependent Data Points
66
. 3.30. : • Name • Set Freq Dependent ( , , . , • Dataset:
. ).
-
. ,
, .
, Add/ Import Data.... • Freq As:
, : « X datapoint »
,
, -
« Y datapoint ».
, ,
• 3.31).
. Add/Import dataset, Name
Add Dataset ( ,
. -
ds1.
67
. 3.31. ,
Import from File . Coordinates .
X
-
Y,
,
, .
, Append row…. , Enter Frequency Data Points
, ,
OK. .
3.7. ,
, .
• •
0 0 ⎤ ⎡ε1ε 0 [ε ] = ⎢⎢ 0 ε 2ε 0 0 ⎥⎥ , ⎢⎣ 0 0 ε 3ε 0 ⎥⎦
ε1 -
ε2 -
(
:
( 3.3)
X), Y, 68
• •
ε3 -
ε0 -
Z, .
:
D
⎡ Dx ⎤ ⎡ Ex ⎤ ⎢ D ⎥ = [ε ]⎢ E ⎥ ⎢ y⎥ ⎢ y⎥ ⎢⎣ E z ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ Dz ⎥⎦
(2,2),
T (3,3), .
( 3.4)
ε1 , ε 2 ,
, . 3.34.
ε3
1. Relative Permeability View/Edit Material Anisotropic Type. T(1,1), T(2,2) Relative Permeability. 2. X
Value
3. Y
Value
T(2,2).
4. Z
Value
T(3,3).
T (1,1), T
T(3,3)
T(1,1).
,
. .
69
. 3.32.
. 3.33. T(1,1), T(2,2), T(3,3)
3.8.
: ⎡μ1 μ 0 [μ ] = ⎢⎢ 0 ⎢⎣ 0
0
μ2μ0 0
0 ⎤ 0 ⎥⎥ , μ 3 μ 0 ⎥⎦
• µ1 • µ2 • µ3 • µ0 –
( 3.5)
X. Y. Z. . H B:
⎡H x ⎤ ⎡ Bx ⎤ ⎢ B ⎥ = [μ ]⎢ H ⎥ ⎢ y⎥ ⎢ y⎥ ⎢⎣ H z ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ B z ⎥⎦ , (3,3),
µ1, µ2,
µ3 ( .
( 3.6)
Value
T (1,1), T (2,2),
T
3.33). 70
– µ1, µ2,
, µ3.
3.9. HFSS ,
, .
. 3.34. Nonlinear ( . 3.34), . 3.35.
B(H),
,
71
. 3.35.
B(H)
.
3.10.
,
1
.
0.6 .
300 THz
.
. 3.36. 72
0.4 x 0.6 .
. 3.37.
(
. 3.38),
( Y–
.
). um (
)
, Draw -> Line. Perfect E.
. 3.38.
-
– 1.6 u x 1.8 u x 4 u .
,
,
-
, , (
Draw -> Line
. 3.39),
.
73
. 3.39.
, ,
, ,
,
-
. 3.40.
. 3.40. E
,
,
.
3.41.
. 3.41.
Z 74
. 3.42.
Ex 10 , ,
Plane Wave.
. Assign Axcitation -> Incident Wave -> . 3.43, .
. 3.43. YoZ. Edit Sources.
-
Incident Waves: Scattered Fields ( . 3.44), Total Fields ( . 3.45), Incident Fields ( . 3.46). 75
. 3.44.
. 3.45.
, . ,
. HFSS
.
.
. 3.46. ,
,
,
. , .
-
,
.
76
4. ,
, .
, -
. ,
.
,
E ,
Field.
. 4.1.
. 4.1.
. 4.2.
,
,
,
-
-
, .
. 4.3. . ,
77
, ,
,
,
-
,
, (
. 4.3)
. 13743 -
∠ 97.3°,
, : S11=0.0709
,
. .
, (
-
,
). ,
(
. 4.4).
. 4.4.
,
5.7 in, .
, , (
. 4.5.
. 4.5).
,
78
, ,
.
(
. 4.6).
. 4.6. (
OK
. 4.7)
Near E.
. 4.7. , Primary Sweep ( . 4.8).
,
,
θ
79
. 4.8.
(
. 4.9),
.
. 4.9.
, 5.7 in
4.1. ,
. Z,
Draw->Line.
,
, (0,0,0)
(0,0,10).
80
. 4.10.
,
, Z Radiation
Insert Near Field Setup.
. 4.11.
Line1 ( . 4.12), Reports
(
. 4.11).
,
. Geometry Context Results ->Create -> Near Fields.
81
. 4.12. Traces Line1. (
NearETotal
. 4.12). (
. 4.13).
. 4.13. 82
, Data Table Traces ( . 4.14).
.
. 4.14. (
. 4.15).
. 4.15.
83
4.2. HFSS
,
, .
HFSS, SIWAVE
,
Maxwell3D.
:
1.
,
-
(HFSS-HFSS), 2.
,
(SIWAVE - HFSS),
3.
, / (Maxwell3D - HFSS). , “
“ ”
, “ Wave
”
. .
” , Incident Wave / Far Field Incident Wave / Near-Field Wave. , (link) “ (Source)” , “ (target)” , (Advanced Options) , , “ ” “ ” .
.
, . 4.16)
-
,
(
.
.
84
. 4.16. ,
(
. 4.16)
.
(
-
Incident Wave Source, : ( k).
Eo)
. 4.17. , (
-
. 4.18).
85
. 4.18.
,
,
8
,
.
. 4.19.
. (
. 4.19) HFSS
.
86
-
, ,
, .
-
,
.
, ,
,
HFSS ,
Einc = E 0 e − jk0 ( k ⋅r ) , ˆ
Einc
,
-
E0 -
E-
,
ko k-
,
r ,
ω μ 0ε 0 ,
. . ,
E (t ) = 5 cos( k ⋅ r + ωt ) .
. E–
5 V/m,
.
4.3. -
Hertzian-Dipole , –
. ,
,
.
. 4.20.
, . :
87
1. Dipole Wave.
HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Incident Wave>HertzianIncident Wave Source: General Data ( . 4.21).
2.
Name.
3. Spherical.
Vector Input Format
Cartesian
4. X-, Y-, Z Excitation Location and/or Zero Phase Position. 5.
>.
. 4.21.
45 Incident Wave Source: X-, Y-, Z ( ) .
6. Cartesian, Cartesian Vector Setup ( . 4.21). I*Dipole Length, I (A*m). 7. Spherical, Spherical Vector Setup. a.
Incident Wave Source:
IWavePhi,
φ.
Start Stop
φ
,
φ.
Points View Point List b. IWaveTheta, View Point List,
:
θ.
. φ.
Start, Stop,
Points.
88
φ
c.
θ
I*Dipole Length
Phi
Theta .
. 4.22. , .
φ ,
8. Next. Wave Options. 9.
θ. master
, slave.
Incident Wave Source: Hertzian-Dipole Radius of Surrounding Sphere.
, (10 mm),
. Use Defaults.
89
. 4.23. 10.
,
Finish. Excitations
,
.
4.4. (Incident Cylindrical Wave) , :
. 1.
,
HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Incident Wave>Cylindrical Wave. Incident Wave Source: General Data.
2.
Vector Input Format
Cartesian
.
Spherical
3. X-, Y-, Z Excitation Location and/or Zero Phase Position. 4. Cartesian, Cartesian Vector Setup. X, Y, Z. I (A).
Incident Wave Source: X-, Y-, Z I Vector ( ).
5. Spherical, Spherical Vector Setup. a.
Incident Wave Source: :
IWavePhi, Start
,
φ. 90
φ.
Stop Points
φ.
View Point List b. IwaveTheta View Point List,
φ
c.
θ.
θ
I Vector
( φ.
Start, Stop,
),
θ
,
Phi
φ.
Points. Theta. I –
(A).
,
, φ
. θ.
,
. 4.24.
. 4.25. IVector
6. Options (
Next. . 4.26).
7.
Radius of Surrounding Cylinder. (10 mm),
8.
-
Finish.
Incident Wave Source: Cylindrical Wave ,
. Use Defaults. Excitations.
91
. 4.26. ,
.
4.5. Gaussian Beam –
, ,
-
. : 1.
HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Incident Wave>Gaussian Beam. Incident Wave Source: General Data.
2.
Vector Input Format
Cartesian
Spherical.
3. X-, Y-, Z Location and/or Zero Phase Position,
Excitation .
4. Cartesian, Cartesian Vector Setup. E, E0, : a.
X-, Y-,
Incident Wave Source: , k, Z
k vector ( E0 vector
b.
X, Y,
. 4.28). Z.
. k,
E,
, E0, : 92
•
, z,
-
(0, 0, 1)
•
k vector. .
E0 E0.
•k 5. Spherical, Spherical Vector Setup. a.
Incident Wave Source: :
IWavePhi, Start
,
Stop
,
φ.
φ
. φ.
Points View Point List b.
IWaveTheta,
Start, Stop,
View Point List φ
c.
φ. Points.
θ.
θ E0
Phi
Theta.
,
.
θ. master
, 6. Options.
φ
Next.
,
slave.
Incident Wave Source: Gaussian Beam
7.
Beam Width at Focal Point. Use Defaults.
8.
Finish. Excitations Project.
,
(10 mm), , .
.
Beam (
).
93
. 4.27.
. 4.29.
. 4.28. ( k)
4.6. (Incident Linear Antenna Wave) ,
, . : 1.
HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Incident Wave>Linear Antenna Wave. Incident Wave Source: General Data.
2. 3.
.
Name Vector Input Format
Cartesian
Spherical. 94
4. X-, Y-, Z Excitation Location and/or Zero Phase Position. 5. Vector Setup. Z. I -
Cartesian,
Next.
Incident Wave Source: Cartesian X-, Y-, ZI Vector X, Y, ( ), (A).
6. Spherical, Incident Wave Source: Spherical Vector Setup. a.
:
IWavePhi, Start
φ.
,
φ.
Stop
φ.
Points
φ.
View Point List, b.
-
IWaveTheta, View Point List,
c.
φ
Start, Stop, θ.
θ
I Vector (A).
master
Points.
Phi ,
Theta. I – -
slave.
7. Next. Wave Options.
Incident Wave Source: Linear Antenna
8.
(Length of the Antenna).
9. Cylinder).
(Radius of Surrounding , .
10. Defaults. 11.
(10 mm), Finish. Excitations.
,
Use ,
95
. 4.30.
. 4.31. IVector
:
. 4.32.
. ,
, .
96
5. , ,
. (
.
(
4). -
. 5.1)
: )
Far Field Wave… ( Near Field Wave… (
). , . .
-
, .
. 5.1.
HFSS
HFSS . HFSS, SIWAVE
Maxwell3D. -
, ,
:
(1) , (HFSS-HFSS); , (
(2) (3)
SIWAVE - HFSS); (
Maxwell3D - HFSS).
97
, «
« .
»
» ,
. « » , Incident Wave / Far Field Wave
Incident
Wave / Near-Field Wave: , Radiate (source)
(target) ,
, ,
.
5.1. , -
Radiation Boundary . HFSS , .
. 5.2.
. , , , , . 98
, ,
,
. .
ё
, .
5.2. , 5.3)
( ,
.
. :
.5.3.
99
. 5.4.
,
. 5.5.
, . .
.
(target) ,
. ,
.
. 1.
HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Near Field Wave. Incident Wave Source:General Data.
-
. 5.6.
100
. 5.7.
:
2.
Name . ,
(
,
) (
,
), . . ,
,
. 3. Position (
X -, Y -,
Z Excitation Location and/or Zero Phase ). .
, (-2, -2, 1), (-2, -2, 1). 4. Next. Setup Link,
-
(
. 5.8),
.
101
. 5.8. 5.
,
( . 5.9), Project File, Design, Solution .
. 5.9.
Setup Link. General
:
,
6.
,
.
[...] ,
. , .
(
. 5.16).
102
. 5.10. 7.
, .
( . . ), .
,
-
Project File
.
8.
Solution (
),
.
-
. 9. Link) configuration .
,
.
(External Field External Field Link
Parameters .
. 5.11. 10. Source.
OK,
HFSS
Incident Wave
103
11.
φ ,
.
θ.
, , ,
:
• Phi ( • ( • Psi ( 12.
Z-
). X) ё
Z-
).
.
Finish
Near Field ё Excitations
-
. -
, ,
, (enforced)
(incident)
.
. 5.12. 5
, .
5.3. , HFSS ,
,
104
. 5.13.
,
-
,
.5.14. , .
,
,
. HFSS , ,
.
105
6.
T-
HFSS ,
-
,
. , ,
,
,
,
Sweep. -
, .
,
, . (
. 6.1)
1
.
2 .
. 6.1.
-
( 2
1,
3, 10
.
inch)
3 .
6.1. , .
HFSS Ansoft
,
Driven Modal,
106
S« 1.
» HFSS,
,
.
:
Solution Type.
. 6.2. 2. OK (
Solution Type,
Driven Modal,
. 6.2).
6.2. : -
– .
-
. , .
-
, .
-
. ,
-
. -
.
6.3. . , ,
, , .
, 107
,
, . , inch
. 3D Modeler –> Units. 1.
Draw,
,
.
Box
2.
( (0, -0.45, 0): Tab. 0 X(
a. b.
) ,
. 6.3) ,
-
Tab,
Y. c. d.
-0.45 0
Y,
Tab. Enter.
Z,
. 6.3. 3.
, (2, 0.9, 0)
dX, dY,
4.
,
: dZ.
Enter.
Z (0, 0, 0.4)
.
dX, dY,
dZ,
Enter. , ,
Undo ,
Properties,
Shift+Tab. Edit. HFSS . Command. ( . 6.4) .
108
. 6.4.
,
,
Properties , 1. Properties, 2. Name,
. 6.5.
, . Attribute. Tee
Tee: Enter.
: Value
, ,
,
-
.
–
,
.
109
6.4. , yz
x = 2.
, .
, . HFSS
1. 2.
. , ,
F. YZ
X = 2,
. 6.6.
. 6.6. В
3. Excitation>Wave Port 4. Port1 5. New Line
,
.
3D Modeler Wave Port. Name, Next. Integration Line ( . 6.7).
Assign
. 6.7.
110
7.
(2, 0, 0),
3D Modeler . ,
.
8.
(2, 0, 0.4), (
. 6.8).
. 6.8. WavePort1 9.
«
».
Wave Port
.
6.5. , - .
. ,
, Options (
-
,
HFSS
Tools).
1.
EE Edit>Duplicate>Around Axis 90°
2. (
. . 6.9).
, .
Z,
Duplicate Around Axis
,
Z
. 6.9. 111
3.
90
Angle. .
4.
2
Total Number. . ee
, 5. Tee_1,
OK. .
, Z
, ,
,
90° ( ,
. 6.10). ,
,
.
. 6.10. , Port2, 7.
.
Port1
-
Exitation. Ctrl+D,
-
.
112
. 6.11.
WavePort1
-90 deg
, Tee Tee_1. , Angle ( . 6.12). ( . 6.13).
,
. 6.12. , .
113
. 6.13.
-
6.4. , , ,
HFSS Tools ->3D Modeler Options.
. 6.14. Operation
3D Modeler Options, 114
,
Clone tool objects before uniting , , O. .
,
. 6.15.
5. 6.
OK.
,
.
Ctrl 3D Modeler,
Boolean -> Unite,
.
. 6.16.
3-
115
( 6.16)
.6.15).
(
.
,
.
6.5. –
, .
, y.
,
,
Properties.
Draw, , .
Box
.
, (
.
6.17).
. 6.17. ,
.
Properties (-0.45, 0, 0),
0),
(0.45, 0.1,
(0, 0, 0.4).
116
. 6.18.
-
1.
Tee Box1 ( . 6.17). 3D Modeler -> Boolean -> Substract . : , -
Tee .
2. 3.
Ctrl,
,
Septum
. 3D Modeler,
Boolean,
Subtract.
.
Subtract ( Tool Parts, ,
Parts, 4.
,
5.
OK.
. 6.19). Tee
Box1 Blank .
Clone tool objects before subtracting ( ) . . Tee, .
117
. 6.19.
ToolParts
Blank Parts -
(
. 6.20).
. 6.20.
-
6.6. y: offset - 0.05, , offset
, ( . 6.21). Add Variable,
offset
-
.
118
offset
. 6.21.
, :
, 1. 0in, 6.22).
Position ( Enter.
. 6.21),
. 6.22. 2. 3. 4.
offset
0in Properties, Properties, Ysize 0.1, ,
-0.45in, offset - 0.05in, Add Variable ( .
Tee
Value, Command, Zsize
OK. . 0.45 0.4.
, ,
,
,
-
Xsize.
, Project
Variables. 119
Properties (
. 6.23),
, .
. 6.23. -
. 1. 2. 3.
: Attribute ( Value
Properties Septum OK.
. 6.24). Name.
. 6.24. 4.
.
,
,
. ,
Alt, .
120
6.5. : -
; ; ; ; ; . 10 GHz.
-
, HFSS
-
,
. : 1.
, Analysis,
2.
General ,
TeeModel, Add Solution Setup Solution Setup ( . 6.25). 10 Solution Frequency, GHz.
.
. 6.25. 3. HFSS.
Adaptive Solutions,
Maximum Number of Passes = 3. ,
121
-
Analysis. Setup1 ,
. . , -
(Interpolating). , HFSS
, . ,
HFSS .
.
, : 1. Sweep. 2. 3. Solutions.
Setup1 Edit Sweep. Interpolating.
,
Error Tolerance Max 10 GHz.
Add
,
, HFSS 4. Linear Step 5. Step Size 0.05 GHz. HFSS
. Type. : Start 8 GHz, Stop 10 GHz, ,
(
. 6.26).
122
. 6.26.
Sweep1
.
Display ( .
,
-
Setup1 . 6.26),
6.6. ,
,
-
offset.
1. 2. 3. 4.
,
TeeModel Design Properties. Local Variables , 0.2 OK.
Properties. Value. Value
offset.
: ,
-
-
2. , -
,
2.
.
123
• Analyze. HFSS
,
Analysis . ,
,
1-5
.
, x-y S-
.
:
S-
. T-
.
. , .
. 6.27. 7. 8.
Sweeps. Freq, ( . 6.28). Sweep Design and Project variable values.
,
.
124
offset.
. 6.28. 8.
Primery Sweep
( Add Trace, ,
Freq)
X . .
-
. 9.
S-
Done.
, Result
. 6.29.
. 6.29. .
125
Soffset = 0. offset = 0.2 . Traces Properties , offset = 0, 1. 2 3. , , offset = 0.2 2.
,
S-
. S11≅0.2
1, 0.7 1
, 2
3
0.2 -
. , . ,
Trace Properties
,
.
Trace Properties Trace,
2
. Line Style, . ,
Show Symbols On All , ,
. Under the Color , RGB.
,
6.7. (
. 6.30)
. -
E.
, 1.
126
. 6.30.
offset = 0.
1. , Property View> Property Window. 2. TeeModel 3. Variables Properties, , Enter.
: .
,
. Value
offset= 0 , . :
1. 2.
3D Modeler:
HFSS,
3D Model Editor.
: , Select Faces . 3. T. 4. HFSS>Fields>Plot Fields>Mag_E. Create Field Plot. 5. Setup1:LastAdaptive , . 7. 2 Mag_E1, Mag_E1 1.
E-
Done. ,
3.
Field Overlays. Create Field Plot . E. 127
-
3D Modeler ,
, .
,
Modify…
Log
, Scale.
6.8. ,
.
, ,
,
,
-
.
:
1.
,
Mag_E1 Animate. Setup Animation. 2. Swept Variable, Phase 3. , a. Start =0deg . b. Stop =160deg. c. Steps= 8. 4. OK. ,
-
Swept Variable. :
, 2
-
3.
,
Animation ,
-
, .
8
0
160º. GIF
Audio Video (AVI), Animation.
Export 2, E-
. 1.
2.
.
TeeModel Animation, . Variables offset, ,
0.2
Properties, Enter.
Value E-
.
3 . , .
128
7.
T-
,
-
HFSS Ansoft, ,
, . , ,
, . ,
HFSS. ,
,
, .
HFSS
-
, :
Parametric ( )
, . HFSS .
Optimization ( )
. ,
-
. Sensitivity ( Tuning (
-
)
. (
)
) -
, .
Statistical ( )
‐
,
. -
,
-
6. , 3
,
2. .
,
. , offset,
. .
. . S –
,
. ., offset,
. . 129
. ,
-
1,
2
3.
, 2, 2
3. .
,
,
3 2.
, . -
,
, S-
,
(
). ,
10
. ,
Sweep1
Analysis> Setup1. .
7.1. , ,
HFSS. , .
,
. (
Optimetrics
. 7.1),
. 7.1.
Add>Parametric Setup Sweep Analysis. “Add”.
,
.
,
: 1. Sweep (
Sweep Definitions, . 7.2).
Add.
Add/Edit 130
2. C , 3. 4. 5. 6.
offset
.
Variable
–
-
. Linear step Start Stop Step
. 0, 1, 0.1,
«in» (
).
«in». «in». . HFSS ,
. 7.
Add.
,
. 7.2.
. 7.2. 8. (
OK. . 7.2).
Setup Sweep Analysis , (Linear count), (Exponential count).
131
. 7.3.
offset
HFSS
.
, ,
General
. 7.4.
Save Fields (
. 7.4).
General,
Table, -
offset,
. , ,
(
. 7.5).
132
. 7.5.
offset . variable sweep
definitions.
З T-
,
HFSS
. 2
3.
1.
1,
:
Calculations,
Add (
. 7.6).
, ,
. 7.6.
.
Power11, Power 21 Power31
Calculations
133
2. ( 3.
Edit Calculation.
Output Variables
. 7.7). ,
,
: a. b. c. d. e. f.
Name «Power13». Category, S Parameter. Quantity, S (Port1, Port1). Function, : mag. Insert Quantity Into Expression. , Expression, *( ) Insert Quantity Into
Expression.
Power11= |S11|2
. 7.7.
.
mag (S (Port1, Port1)) *mag (S (Port1, Port1)). Add.
Power11
,
-
, . 4. «Power21»,
3, S (Port2, Port1)
Quantity.
: mag (S (Port2, Port1)) *mag (S (Port2, Port1)).
134
5.
«Power31», S (Port3, Port1) Quantity. : mag (S (Port3, Port1)) *mag (S (Port3, Port1)).
6.
, Power31, Power31 ,
Done.
7. 8.
,
Calculation. 10 . . Power31. Power21
Add,
Calculation,
Enter. Add.
9. 10.
,
Calculation
Power11,
Enter.
. 7.8. Calculations 11.
(
10
)
OK. ,
,
-
, . 7.2. , ,
,
.
135
,
ParametricSetup1 Analyze.
HFSS
. 7.9),
, .
, HFSS
0
Progress ( 0.2 ,
.
.7.9.
,
, ,
7.3.
10 . Message Manager.
S-
. 7.10.
S11 – S12
1,
S13 136
,
2, , ,
3. 0.3 3.
,
,
2, 1,
.
-
,
S11
,
0.3
.
7.4. offset ,
. ,
S-
: 1. Results , Create Report. Create Report. 2. Modal S Parameters Report Type. 3. Rectangular Plot Display Type, OK. Traces ( . 7.11). 4. Y, Y: a. Category, Output Variables. b. Quantity, Shift, Power11, Power21, Power31. c. Function, . 5. X Use Primary Sweep. 6. Sweeps. 7. , x, offset. : a. Sweep Design and Project variable values. b. Freq, offset. 8.
Add Trace.
137
. 7. 11. 9.
Power11, Power21 Power31
Done. ( Results
. 7.12. З
. 7.12).
.
щ offset
138
offset,
(
. 7.12)
1, 2,
3. , ,
3
2.
,
offset= 0.1 Power31 ,
0.32, . offset=0.1
, ,
Power21 0.65,
. offset 11
View, 0 1.0 ( . 7.13).
.7.13.
,
ET-
,
2 ,
,
3
.
0 offset > 0.3
0.3 ,
2
3.
1; ,
0
0.3
.
7. 5. : -
offset
; ; ;
.
7.5.1. 139
,
, .
, -
Design Properties. 1. HFSS Properties. 2. Local Variables, 3. offset, OK.
Design Properties. Optimization. Include (
.7.14.
,
offset,
. 7.14)
,
.
7.5.2. , . 1.
2. 3.
: Optimetrics
,
Add>Optimization ( ) . Setup Optimi zation ( . 7.14). Goal, Quasi Newton ( ) Optimizer. Max. No. of Iterations=100. , 140
.
HFSS
, ,
4.
. ,
Save Fields.
. (
) Quasi
, Newton. ,
0.2
.
–
.
7.5.3. . , 2.
–
-
3 , (
3) - 2 * (
2) = 0
. S .
, ,
0.01,
.7.15. ,
Goal .
(
. 7.15).
, -
1.
,
.
Add.
Cost Function
,
, . 141
2.
,
:
Calculation, Power31 - 2*Power21, ,
Enter. GHz. 3. 4. 5. 6.
10
Condition = ( ). Goal, 0, Weight = [1]. Acceptable Cost,
7.
Enter. 0.01.
, Weight
Noise = 0.0001. ,
. , -
.
7.5.4. : Quasi Newton
Pattern
Search. , Quasi Newton. . , ,
Pattern Search. (
, ).
. ,
,
,
.
, ,
. Pattern Search
,
. .
7.5.5. -
,
-
. , offset = 0.1 3
,
0.2
.
, ,
2. 142
Variables ( offset -
1.
. 7.16). . .
. 7.16. )
( 2.
offset,
Starting Value, Override. .
-
0 0.1,
0.3 in
Enter.
,
,
,
, , -
. Min Max , , 0.3
0. 0.3. , .
7.5.6. , .
,
ParametricSetup1 , . : 143
General ( . 7.17). ParametricSetup1 Parametric Analysis. Solve the parametric sweep before optimization.
1. 2. 3.
.7.17.
General
HFSS
-
,
T-
4. ( 5.
OK
offset. Update design parameter values after optimization ). Setup Optimization. , , ,
. . Optimetrics,
OptimizationSetup1, Analyze . , , , View Analysis Results...
2-4
.
,
7.5.7. .
,
-
0.
144
1.
, Post Analysis
OptimizationSetup1 View Analysis Result… .
Display. 2.
Results, ( . 5.17).
Plot.
.7.18. 11
, .
11
,
.
, ,
, 0.01 (
. 7.18).
3. ,
,
Table. ,
0.09 4.
. Close.
HFSS
0.09
, . , Apply,
-
. ,
Revert.
7.5.8.
145
; Mag_E1 offset. • •
.
,
: Analysis,
Setup1 .
Analyze
1 Mag_E1, , , , E,
View. , . 7.19
. 3
-
2.
.
. 7.19.
-
HFSS.
OptimTee 1. 2. 3.
:
. File, File,
Close. Exit.
,
-
,
, .
146
Ч
8.
:
HFSS
,
,
,
. ,
, . . HFSS
, .
8.1.
(Wave Port) , . ,
.
Assign Exitation -> Wave Port. .
,
. (
. 8.1):
,
.
, .
. 8.1. . 8.1
, ,
,
.
, . , 147
.
, . ,
-
, HFSS
Zpi, Zpv, Zvi. , - TEM Driven Modal
.
, .
,
Driven Terminal.
Driven Terminal .
8.2.
(Lumped Port) ,
Assign Exitation -> Lumped Port. .
Perfect H (
. 8.2.
. 8.2).
, Perfect H ,
-
.
, ,
.
, ,
, . 148
8.3. EM w = 30 mm. , .
(
d = 18.75
, (
) ,
, ,
, . 8.3).
x.
,
. 8.3, X.
, .
TEM, X.
,
8.3.1. “Draw -> Box”. ( . 8.4).
(
. 8.3)
-
. 8.3.
TAB. dx = 30 ), dz = -100 (
(
: x = 0, y = 0, z = 0, , “Enter”, ), dy = 18.75 ( ) “Enter”.
-
149
. 8.5. Д
“Properties”
Enter, ( . 8.5). “PPWG”
“Attribute”, “Transparent” = 0.6. , ,
“HFSS -> Boundaries -> Assign -> Perfect E”.
, (outer).
8.3.2. HFSS
, ,
.
, . .8.6
,
.
.
,
, ,
,
.
,
-
.
. 8.6.
.
.
,
S
150
,
,
( xy z = 0 mm) ( . 8.6) “HFSS -> Excitations -> Assign -> Waveport”. “WavePort: General”. “Next” “WavePort: Modes”. “Number of Modes” ), 3 “update”. .
(
8.6. “Integration line” “New Line” . mm, z = 0 “Enter”, dx = 0 mm, dy = -18.75mm, dz =0 mm ,
(Mode 1) x = 15 mm, y = 18.75 , “Enter”. . (Mode 2) x dx = 0 mm, dy = -6
= 10 mm, y = 6 mm, z = 0, “Enter”. mm, dz =0 mm “Enter”. ( . 8.7). Mode 3, “Integration line” from Mode 2”. , .
“Copy ,
151
. 8.7.
. 8.8.
( 50
“defined” ( “ ”
)
“Integration line” ). “ ” “WavePort: Modes” “WavePort: Post Processing” ( . 8.8).
8.3.3. “HFSS -> Analysis Setup -> Add Solution Setup”. “Solution Setup” ( . 8.9). (Solution Frequency) “10 GHz”. Maximum Number of Passes “0”. , , .
152
. 8.9.
. 8.10.
“Solution Setup” Sweep”. Edit Sweep,
“HFSS -> Analysis Setup -> Add Sweep. “Setup1” OK. (
“Edit
. 8.10):
Sweep type: Discrete Frequency Setup Type: Linear Step Start: 3 GHz Stop: 12 GHz Step: 1 GHz “Save Fields (All Frequencies)”, .
, .
“OK”
.
8.3.4. ( ”(
),
“HFSS-> Analyze ).
, Completion of Simulation on Server”.
“ Normal
153
,
Waveport1 (
“+” “Ports Field Display -> WavePort1”. , Mode 1, Mode 2 Mode 3
.
-
. 8.11).
(TEM, TM01 (H01)
Mode1 (TEM-
TM10 (H10)).
)
Mode2 (H01)
Mode3 (E10)
. 8.11.
( ) . 8.11 2
3 .
2
,
3
, . TEM HFSS (235.45
. 8.12. 1 (TEM),2
3
, ,
).
,
:
154
Z UI =
πb 2a
KZ
2b KZ = a
(8.1) Z PU
–
Z PI =
(8.2)
x, b –
π 2b 8a
K Z (8.3),
y. -
( )
.
(8.2)
Kz [2],
,
Z PU =
λ =
754bλg aλo
λ0 λc
λg =
,
-
(8.4),
,
-
,
:
λ2c − λ20
(8.5).
,
2 , где m – m
.
a=3
m=1 λ = 6 m=2
(8.6).
(5GHz ) ,
λ =3
(10GHz ) .
. ,
,
. .
c 3 ⋅ 1010 λo = = = 30 mm f 10 ⋅ 109 (m=1)
λg =
3⋅ 6 = 36mm 36 − 9
5
Z PU = 558
m
155
. 8.13. ,
Zpi ,
PerfectE
PerfectH.
. . . 8.14.
. 8.14.
S12 8.14 5
,
,
30 ,
-
,
.
8.4. , -
. : .
, . ,
, ,
(
. 8.15).
, 156
, . = 2.01 mm,
0.762
.
. 8.15. εr=2.94, h = 31 mils (0.762 mm).
: = 0.0012, = ¼ oz (~ 9 microns)
8.4.1.Ч “Draw -> Box”
. .
x = -30 , y = 0, z = 0 ( . 8.16) dx = 60 , dy = 15 , dz = - 0.762
“Enter”; “Enter”.
-
. 8.16.
157
Attribute
“Properties”, , parent "
,
" Trans-
0.5.
. 8.17.
Assign Material.
"Select
Definition". .
, " View/Edit ".
, ,
“ Add Material ” “Duroid6002” 2.94
0.0012. .
. 8.18. 158
8.4.2.Ч “Draw -> Box”
. xyz.
. 8.20.
. 8.19.
x = -1.005, y = 0, z = 0 ( dx = 2.01, dy = 15, dz = 0.009 (
. 8.19)
“Enter”, “Enter”.
“Properties” “ Transparent”
0.5). (cooper) Attribute.
,
Material
,
.
. 8.20.
,
159
8.4.3. .
“Draw -> Box”. . . x = -30, y = 0, z = -0.762 ( . 8.21) “Enter” dx = 60, dy = 15, dz = -0.009 “Enter”. “Properties”, “Transparent” = 0.5.
. 8.21. ,
,
.
, .
,
,
.
8.4.4. , . . , -
-TEM ( ?
, . 8.22).
,
: .
,
, - TEM
.
, 160
, . . .
.
, .
. . .
, .
,
,
-
. ,
-
, .
, S.
,
. 8.22.
. 8.22.
,
161
,
XoZ,
. . .
, ,
.
.
, .
.
,
, .
. 8.23.
(5
)
“XZ”
= -40
“Draw ->Rectangle”. , x = 20 , y = 0, z = -0.771 , dy = 0, dz = 7.62
. 8.24.
. -
, , “Enter”.
. “Enter”.
dx
,
162
Assign Excitation -> Waveport. . “Next”. 1 Mode 1
-
“Waveport: Modes” , “Integration line” “New Line”
. x = 0, y = 0, z = 0.009 = 0, dy = 0, dz = -0.780 mm “Integra-tion line”
“Enter”
dx
“Enter”. Mode 1 .
. 8.25. ,
.
-
. 1
15
Y. ,
,
5
,
4
. ( Zpi).
163
. 8.26. ,
1 .
8.4.4. ,
,
,
Radiate.
“Draw -> “Simulation
.
Box” Status Window”. “Enter”, “Enter”.
Attribute (
x = -35, y = 0, z = -10 dx = 70, dy = 15, dz= 20 “Properties”, 0.8). “Assign ->
Boundary”
“Radiation”. ,
,
. 8.27.
164
. 8.27.
,
S21,
2
.
,
15
y.
8.4.6. “HFSS -> Analysis Setup -> Add Solution Setup”. “Solution: Setup” “10 GHz”. , “15” , “Ok”. “HFSS -> Analysis Setup -> Add Sweep” “Edit Sweep” Interpolating . , .
: ,
165
. 8.28. “Ok” “HFSS -> Analyze”.
,
. 8.29.
. 8.30.
S11 .
“Ports Field Display -> WavePort1”. .
Mode 1
166
(TEM, TM01(H01) ( . 8.31). 2 –
10 GHz TM10 (H10)),
TEM TE10 (E10).
-
,
,
. 8.31.
( AWR)
ADS LineCalc ,
Txline HFSS (
.
8.33).
. 8.32. 167
. 8.33.
MWO, ,
TXLine
,
(
)
, . HFSS
(
. 8.34.
. 8.34).
Gamma
168
8.5. (
) .
,
, , .
К
К
,
-
-
. . .
,
.
.
,
, .
,
, . , . (
. 8.35).
169
. 8.35.
(
)
8.5.1.Ч
L = 5 mm ( ( z).
Draw -> Box W = 10 mm ( , . 8.36).
y), (
x),
H = 0.762 mm
. 8.36. (
. 8.35)
Y. ;
= 0.1
Width = 1.6 ;
= 0.009
(
. 8.37).
170
. 8.37.
9
8.5.2. ,
. CPW.
CPW.
8.5.3.
y), W = 16 mm (
x), “Radiation”.
, CPW . H = 10 mm (
, L = 5 mm ( z)
ё
. 8.38. ,
CPW
. 8.39.
171
. 8.39. 10 S11
.
HFSS .
. 8.40.
. 8.40. 10 GHz, LineCalc ,
CPW ( AWR, . 8.42)
Txline, HFSS.
172
. 8.42. TXLINE,
AWR
8.6. Щ , ,
ё
,
-
, , (
. . , . 8.43).
Terminal Modal.
,
8.6.1. mm (
x),
L = 5 mm ( H = 0.762 mm ( z).
y), W = 10
173
щ
. 8. 43.
: = 0.17 mm, = 0.009 mm. .
8.6.2. 10 mm .
x
8 mm
z, -
(
).
“Waveport” ( . 8.44). ,
, .
174
. 8.45.
. 8.44.
3
,
5
, (
. 8.45).
. 8. 46.
. 8.47. , 10 GHz (
. 8.46, 8.47), ( HFSS.
AWR)
Txline
8.7. HFSS,
.
(
. 8.48)
,
175
,
«
»
. ω
ω
( kz/ko =U
-
U)
.
. 8.48.
. .
. 8.49.
. 8.50.
176
. 8.51. |S21|(ω)
L –
. ,
Nλ =2L. . L
(
,
. 8.52).
. 8.52. (
66.8
) 177
S21, L. , . , .
,
, ,
,
, .
178
9.
«
» ,
«
» (
. 9.1).
,
, ,
. Lumped Port.
. 9.1.
, .
,
,
. 8
HFSS Tool > Option > HFSS Option. : 1. General .
12 GHz. . HFSS Option (
. 9.2),
(Wizards)
Clone ( OK.
. 9.2),
3. 4.
Tools > Options -> 3D Modeler Options. 3D Modeler Options :
179
. 9.2.
. 9.3.
Operation , Drawing, ( . 9.3).
(
. 9.2),
OK.
9.1. Bowtie.
. 9.4. ,
File > New. Project Insert HFSS Design ( ). HFSS > Solution Type. ( .
:
, . 9.4),
180
(Solution Type) ,
.
HFSS
: Driven Modal
-
S-
. Driven Terminal . ,
-
.
S-
- S,
,
,
. S.
Eignemode –
,
. ,
. , 3D Modeler > Units.
mm
OK (
, . 9.5).
. 9.5.
9.2. xy, . XoY. 1. 2.
, :
Draw->Box , Z= 0.0.
X= -17.0, Y= -32,
Enter.
3.
, dX= 34.0, dY= 64.0, dZ= -2.0.
4.
: Enter. Attribute
Properties (
-
-
. 9.6).
181
. 9.6. Attribute OK. View -> Fit All -> Active View.
. 9.7.
Name: Sub1. , CTRL + D.
-
9.3. , 182
: 1.
Draw > Rectangle.
2.
,
:
X= -0.5, Y= 0.5, Z= 0.0
Enter.
3.
,
:
dX=13.0, dY = 0.6, dZ= 2.0 (
Enter.
. 9.8),
,
.
Rect1
Attribute.
. 9.8.
, ,
-
:
1.
Draw -> Line. X= -0.5, Y= 0.5, Z= 0.0.
2.
, X= -6.0, Y= 21.0, Z=0.0
Enter.
3.
: X=6.0, Y= 21.0, Z=0.0 , Enter, X= 0.5, Y=1.1, Z= 0.0
4.
Enter. ,
(
. 9.9) Bowtie. 183
. 9.9. , ,
, Draw -> Line.
9.4. Bowtie Unassigned (
Rect1,
Bowtie
). 3D Modeler > Boolean > Unite. (Bowtie). .
, Bowtie , Edit -> Duplicate … > Mirror. ,
1. 2.
Rect1
: :
Z, Y, Z. 3.
, ,
dZ (
dX, dY,
. 9.10).
184
. 9.10.
, ,
CuClad
, Bowtie CuClad, 3D Modeler Design Tree (
. 9.11.
Substrate Bowtie_1.
CuClad. Bowtie, Bowtie_1 . 9.11).
CuClad
3. Modeler > Boolean > Substract.
.
Bowtie
,
Bowtie_1
3D
CuClad,
Bowtie
OK..
185
. 9.12. . . : 1. 2.
Bowtie Bowtie_1. HFSS > Mesh Operation>Assign>On Selection>Length Based. ( . 9.13). 3. Maximum Length of Elements ( ) . Length1 Length f Elements».
«Restrict : 3 mm. «Restrict the
Number of Elements».
186
. 9.13.
,
-
, Finite Conductivity.
9.5. А , .
,
,
. , .
,
,
Maximum Refinement Per Pass Options), . 9.14.
. (
-
187
. 9.14. , . 20%
Maximum Refinement Per Pass , .
20%
, , HFSS
. ,
S S ,
. ,
Delta S, , .
,
,
.
, HFSS
,
,
. Delta S (
. 9.14) –
, . Delta S
-
S : x Sij [ ag (S
N ij
(N1) ij)],
0
i
j
. 2.
,N -
,
9.6. , (
. 9.15): 188
1. 2. 3.
Draw > Rectangle. : X= 12.5 , Y= -0.5 , Z= 0.0. , : dX= -1.0 , dY= 1.0 , dZ= 0.0. ,
Attribute
Properties. 1.
Value Name OK.
2.
P1
. 9.15.
: 1.
HFSS > Exitations>Assign>Lumped Port. Lumped Port: General, Port 1, 50 , 0 Next. ,
1. 2. New Line . 3. 4.
: Number of Modes =1 , Mode 1 , None; , X= 12.5 , Y= 0.0 , Z= 0.0 ,
Integration Line
Enter. 189
dX=-1.0, dY=0.0, dZ=0.0
Enter. ,
.
8 -12 8
= 9.375 mm.
,
. , 9.5
0.25*(3e11/8e9) .
9.7. , AirBox (
. 9.16)
,
.
: 1. 2.
Draw > Box , X= -17.0, Y= -32.0, Z= -9.5
Enter. dX= 34.0, dY= 64.0, dZ= 19.0
Enter.
. 9.16.
, Assign Boundary > Radiation. , : 190
1.
HFSS > Radiation >Insert Far Field Setup >Infinite Sphere
2. 3.
, Infinite Sphere (
:
. 9.17)
:
Name: ff_all Phi: (Start= -90, Stop= 90, Step Size=10) Theta: (Start=0, Stop=360, Step Size= 10)
. 9.17. . , 1. 2. В п
:
HFSS>Analysis Setup>Add Solution Setup, Solution Setup , Solution Frequency = 10 GHz, Maximum Number of Delta S per Pass = 0.01.
Passes = 6 OK. ,
:
191
1.
HFSS > Analysis Setup > Add Sweep . : Setup1 OK 2. Edit Sweep: ‐ Sweep Type: Fast , Linear Step, Start= 8.0 GHZ, Stop= 12.0 GHz, Step= 0.02, Save Fields: : V. 4. OK .
. 9.18.
,
,
«!»
HFSS. . 9.18. :
, 1.
HFSS>Results>Solution Data
2.
Profile, .
3.
, .
Convergence. Plot,
. , ,
Matrix Data. ,
Simulation
Setup1, Last Adaptive 192
.
Close
.
9.8.
S, ,
.
,
:
,
–
. ,
-
S11
. :
1. 1. 2. 3. 4.
HFSS>Results>Create Report , : Modal S Parameters, : Rectangular, OK. :
1. 2. 3.
,
Setup1: Sweep1,
Sweep, Y Category: S Parameter, S(Port1, Port1), dB Add Trace, Done. Report 2D > Mark All Trace. Min,
(
.
9.19). Exit Marker Mode.
193
. 9.19.
(
. 9.20).
. 9.20.
,
,
. 9.20 . 194
: 1. 2.
HFSS>Results>Create Report. : : Far Fields, 3D Polar Plot. Trace : Setup1: Sweep1, ff_all. Sweep, Mag 1. 2. 3. 4.
:
10.44 GHz
Freq : Gain, GainTotal, dB, Add Trace,
Done. (
. 9.21).
. 9.21.
195
: 1. 2. 3.
HFSS>Results>Create Report. Far Fields Radiation Pattern, OK. Trace Setup 1: Sweep1, ff_all. Sweep: Phi
Name, ,
, Theta,
,
Theta.
-
. ,
Phi. -90deg 0 deg.
All Values. ,
, 90°.
Freq Mag dB. Add Trace, ,
10.44 GHz. Directivity,
DirTotal
-
Done. . 9.22.
. 9.22. 196
, . . Z .
197
10.
GPS
, Position System),
GPS (Global : ,
.
,
,
-
.
ё
, . , . ,
. ,
, . ,
90°.
. 10.1.
)
. 10.2.
TM01 (
, ( x y 90°. , y
) TM10 ( ).
x
-
GPS 198
90°
-
. (RHCP),
0° -90° 0° 90°.
(LHCP) , -
:
. ,
-
-
. -
.
90°
, ;
. , , RLC
(
.
. 10.3)
,
,
, ,
. 10.4.
. 10.3.
GPS
. , . ,
fa
fb ( -
RLC
), . ,
, RLC
-
90°.
199
. 10.4.
ми
,
ями
GPS , ,
.
, 90°.
,
.
,
,
-
GPS
.
,
,
, -
,
.
(AR).
3 dB .
, (0 dB) .
,
, . z(
z-
).
.
-
-
.
-
– ,
-
–
-
. GPS
,
. 10.5.
200
. 10.5.
GPS
,
, 4 9.8
,
0.0001.
,
. ,
.
GPS – Box
(
.
Create - >
. 10.6):
. 10.6.
201
,
10,
, . 1 X-
5
,
Y.
5
. 10.7.
X5 (
Y5
. 10.6).
, Substrate (
X5
Y5) ,
.
,
-
. :
,
,
,
.
. 10.8. , Draw-> Rectangle,
:
202
10.9.
GPS. Perfect E «ZY» ,
. 10.10.
, ,
.
. 10.10. , ,
(
. 10.11).
203
. 10.11. ,
, . ,
Draw -> Box 10.12
.
Radiate.
. 10.12. 1.61 2
.
,
,
1 ,
.
GPS ,
(
3-
. 10.13).
204
. 10.13.
Directivity max = 3.85 dB
,
Rectangular Plot (
.
10.13). , Axial Ratio (
. 10.15.
. 10.15).
Traces θ, Sweeps.
:
205
Add Trace, mag(AxialRatio)
Done Theta ( . 10.16).
. 10.16.
,
( AxialRatio = 1)
. 10.17.
GPS
.
. . –
,
‐
. . 206
, ,
50
. ,
-
,
,
.
S11/VSWR (S11 /VSWR). . ,
, -
.
. 10.20.
.
GPS
,
, ,
VSWR=3; ,
S11 ,
,
:
–10 dB,
. .
.
,
-
/
(
,
1
,
).
.
,
.
, . 207
GPS . ,
HFSS -> Design Properties. . ,
.
1.61
.
. 10.21.
, Include, .
.
,
, ) ).
( ,
Edit
( . . -60 60 . 10.22.
208
. 10.22.
.
-
: -60º
Dir
60º
Krug
-
, , Analysis, Optimization -> Setup. ,
. ,
OptimizationSetup -> View Analysis Results. ,
GPS .
, .
,
, .
209
11. . ,
, .
(Tapered-Slot Antenna, TSA).
,
TSA, . 11.1 -
.
, .
. 11.1.
.
TSA -
,
. .
,
TSA
, . , . ,
, . 11.2).
. ( ,
–
,
.
210
. 11.2. –
"
". .
,
, ,
, .
-
, (λ/2).
, ,
,
, ph Spline .
, (
(
. 11.8). . Set Edge Type Æ Spline
).
. 11.8.
215
, . (
-
, . 11.9).
1.61
. 11.9.
. 11.10.
,
, 10
,
-
. -
(
. 11.10)
. , ,
,
,
-
, 11.1.
216
2a ⎛ ⎞ L = 01 . b⎜ 4 n ln − C n ⎟ , ⎝ ⎠ W
10...100 nH
nCn –
.
19 . ⎡ ⎤ ⎢1 + ( 2m − 1) ( 1 + d / b) + ⎥ ⎥ = 3.6 ⋅10 −3( ε + 1) l × ⎢ 0 .25 0 .4388 ⎢ ⎥ ⎛ h⎞ ⎛ b⎞ ⎢3( m − 1) ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎥ ⎝ d ⎠ ⎝ h⎠ ⎣ ⎦ m– hn Cn
2 2.76
3 3.92
4 6.22
5 7.6
, l, 6 9.7
7 10.92
, d8 13.38
0.2 ... 5 pF
, ,
9 14.92
10 16.86
,
11 18.46
, , 50
(
12 20.36
.
-
,
. 11.11).
.
. 11.11.
,
, . ,
,
.
217
. 11.12. . 11.12 , . . 8%.
, ,
100 .
,
, . 11.13.
. 11.13. ,
Z , . .
,
, ,
. 11.5. 218
12. –
-
. , ,
Draw -> Helix. ,
. ,
, ,
, .
. 12.1. 90
.
1D . (15,1,0)
2D – Draw -> Line
(15,-1,0).
. 12.2.
– 219
1.
1D
(
. Draw
2. 3.
),
Helix. , Z.
. a.
: (0,0,0)
. b.
dX, dY, dZ. ( Helix ( . 12.3).
dX=0, dY=0, dZ=30).
. 12.3. 4. 5.
6.
,
Right hand . Pitch, ( . 12.3). 0.5, , Turns,
, 50 (0.5). .
,
Left hand
.
,
. 12.1. , ,
Properties, (
. 12.5).
220
. 12.4. 7.
-
OK. , ,
. Sir –
:
. 12.5. H50 -
:
. 12.6. YoZ
,
. 221
. 12.7.
, . Z
Lumped Port
,
Edit -> Dublicate Around Axis. :
. 12.8.
Z ,
, .
-
.
. 12.9.
222
. 12.10. , 2
,
Draw->Line.
,
1:
. 12.11.
. 12.12. 223
Properties (
-
Edite -> Dublicate -> Along Line 51 . . 12.13) Z=51.
. 12.13. Perfect E. ,
Radiate
,
. 12.14.
.12.14. : . , (
–
1.61 -
. 12.15).
224
. 12.15.
. 12.16.
225
. 12.17.
S11
. 12.18. HFSS
-
.
,
, ,
. HFSS
,
226
,
. ,
,
.
. 12.19. HFSS c
, .
HFSS
. .
,
Mesh Operations
HFSS. , (
)
(
HFSS,
-
). ,
. , HFSS . ,
. : 227
1. HFSS
(
Surface Approximation,
. 12.20.
.12.20).
. : ; ;
2. refinement), HFSS
(lambda , .
228
. 12.21.
. :
3.
-
, .
4.
, HFSS
-
. 5.
, HFSS
-
, , Solution Setup , HFSS
6.
. ,
. . E 7.
.
HFSS .
,
8. HFSS
,
, .
, Adaptive Options ( . 12.22). .
-
229
. 12.22.
, (
)
9.
; ,
e
-
HFSS . , HFSS,
, . (
)
,
,
.
, ,
,
,
,
, , .
HFSS (
, . 12.24).
,
. , . . Mesh Operations
-
230
.12.23. HFSS
(length-
, based mesh refinement)
HFSS -
.
.
, , apply mesh
. operations without generating a solution, . , HFSS
-
. .
: •
,
(
). ,
,
-
, . 231
•
,
, -
.
, , .
(Length-Based Mesh Refinement) ,
,
HFSS
, . .
.
, . ,
,
,
,
-
.
,
, Length Based.
. 12.24.
. 12.24. , 16
, ( 1000.
),
232
,
HFSS
. . .
, . ,
, .
HFSS
, -
. .
.
. 12.25.
,
-
, HFSS ,
-
. (P0, P1, P2, ..., Pn) ,
-
,
, Pn -
P0
, . P0 -
n-
.
,
, Pn
P0.
, Skin Depth (
-
Number of Layers of Elements ( ):
12 mm
):
4
233
Distance [P0,P1]: 0.8 mm. Distance [P1,P2]: 1.6 mm. Distance [P2,P3]: 3.2 mm. Distance [P3,P4]: 6.4 mm. Distance [P0,P4]: 0.8 + 1.6 + 3.2 + 6.4 = 12 mm
,
,
. : •
, -
.
•
,
,
,
. •
,
.
,
,
-
, , -
, HFSS
, -
. . ,
.
234
.12.26.
-
,
-
HFSS ,
,
, . (true surfaces). , HFSS
-
. ,
,
, . ,
-
; .
235
. 12.27. ,
-
. surface deviation, . . ,
. »
, «
,
-
, normal deviation
. aspect ratio
,
,
,
-
. , . , ,
(
-
Surface Approximation. HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>Surface Approximation.)
236
. 12.28. . ,
. .
,
-
, .
HFSS .
–
,
,
. , .
, ,
,
, . ,
,
,
. HFSS .
, ,
-
, ,
. 237
, ,
, .
10
,
,
. ,
-
. ,
. ,
, . HFSS . .
. 12.29.
. 12.30. (Model Resolution) 238
–
,
-
, . , .
-
, , . ,
-
,
. , Model Resolution -
-
. ,
L,
. . .,
,
, ,
. ,
,
. ,
,
Model Resolution.
. , Model Resolution
.
. 0. 1* λ. ,
Model Resolution . . . ACIS.
Model Resolution = 100*
1.
,
.
, 2.
.
HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>On Selection>Length-Based. Element Length-Based Refinement.
3.
Name .
4.
,
: 239
a.
Restrict Length of Elements.
b.
, Maximum Length of Elements.
HFSS
,
, . 20% .
.
5.
, : a. b.
Restrict the Number of Elements. .
Maximum Number of Elements
c.
OK. ,
,
.
-
, .
:
HFSS 1. 2.
,
.
HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>Inside Selection>Length-Based. Element Length-Based Refinement.
240
. 12.31. 3.
Name
-
. 4.
: a.
Restrict Length of Elements.
b. Maximum Length of Elements. 20% . HFSS
, .
5.
, : a.
Restrict the Number of Elements.
b.
Maximum Number of Elements.
c.
OK. ,
, .
,
-
, . 241
1.
,
.
,
. 2.
HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>On Selection>Skin-Depth-Based. Skin Depth-Based Refinement.
. 12.32. 3.
Name .
242
4.
-
, Skin Depth.
,
-
,
, a.
:
Calculate Skin Depth.
Calculate Skin
Depth. b. Relative Permeability c.
Conductivity.
Frequency .
d.
OK. HFSS
-
-
Skin Depth. 5.
,
Number of Layers of Elements . HFSS . , HFSS Surface Triangle Length, 10
10
.
6. Surface Triangle Length. 20% . (
HFSS ,
-
) .
7.
,
-
: a. b. c.
Restrict the Number of Surface Elements. Maximum Number of Surface Elements. OK. ,
,
-
.
HFSS
,
-
. HFSS
,
, .
: 243
1.
, .
,
, ,
. 2.
HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>Surface Surface Approximation ( . 12.33).
Approximation.
. 12.33. 3.
Name .
4. •
:
Surface Deviation, Ignore .
•
Set maximum surface deviation (length), , .
5.
Normal Deviation, • Ignore ,
: . 244
• Use defaults , ( 6.
,
22.5º.
• Set maximum normal deviation (angle), ) . :
Aspect Ratio,
aspect
• Ignore ratio
. • Use defaults, ,
10
200
. • Set aspect ratio,
. ,
. .
,
, 7.
1, . -
OK. . Mesh Operations.
(Model Resolution) ,
-
. . 1. 2. 3.
:
, (Model Resolution length). HFSS>Mesh Operations>Assign>Model Resolution. Model Resolution Mesh Operation (
. 12.34.
«
. 12.34).
» 245
,
,
a.
:
Mesh Operations 3D Modeler
, . b. 4. .
Assign>Model Resolution Assign Mesh Operation>Model Resolution
Project Tree .
Model Resolution Mesh Operation (Model Resolution length), , .
5. Operations
Model Resolution Mesh , Model Resolution .
OK. .
, . –
,
. lambda refinement
surface approximation, .
-
, , HFSS
, Revert to Initial ,
Analysis Setup,
Mesh. .
, Setup,
, HFSS, Apply Mesh Operations. , HFSS .
Analysis , ,
,
. ,
.
.
246
HFSS
10,
Ansoft, – ,
, . , . , . HFSS, Agilent,
Hewlett Packard
-
,
, . ,
,
-
. –
, -
, -
. .
, .
HFSS – HFSS Designer
, , ,
,
-
ADS. ,
(
). -
, ,
, ,
( – SCT, HFSS -
:
,
FEKO
). -
, , . ,
, – HFSS
– ё
.
247
[1] HFSS – High Frequency Structure Simulation. Manuals, Ansoft, 2004. [2]
.
. /
.,
. .
, 1982. - 272 .
[3] K. A. Balanis. Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, Wiley & Sons, 2 nd edition, 1997, 942 pp. [4]
. .
[5]
,
.,
Ю. ., К Microwave Office. , 2003.- 496 . . .,
-
. ., К
[6]
,
-
. .
. .
. . . .,
. –
.
, 2004, 208 . ./
, 2005, - 416 . ( 8. www.ansoft.com – Ansoft.
« Ansoft –
10.www.edem3d.ru (
.
. .
ё ,- :
»).
9. www.microwavestudio.com – Microwave Studio CST.
HFSS
-
EDEM). c
OA «
.
. .
7.
11.
, 247
. .
HFSS. . . - .,
.
» www.rodnik.ru.
12. http://ipso.ioso.ru/distance .
248
………………………………………………… 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
-
………… …………… ………………………. …………………….. …………. …………………………….. ….. HFSS…………… « » ……………… GPS……………………………… ………………………………………….. …………………………………… ………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………
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249