From Hippocrates to COVID-19: A Bibliographic History of Medicine 9814968358, 9789814968355

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From Hippocrates to COVID-19

From Hippocrates to COVID-19 A Bibliographic History of Medicine

Dale A. Stirling

Published by Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. 101 Thomson Road #06-01, United Square Singapore 307591

Email: [email protected] Web: www.jennystanford.com British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

From Hippocrates to COVID-19: A Bibliographic History of Medicine Copyright © 2023 by Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the publisher.

For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to photocopy is not required from the publisher. ISBN 978-981-4968-35-5 (Hardcover) ISBN 978-1-003-28278-5 (eBook)

Contents

Preface Acknowledgments Introduction Research Methods 1. History and Historiography Medicine from Antiquity to the 21st Century Archives, Libraries, and Museums Art, Iconography, Literature, and Symbolism Bibliographies, Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, Glossaries, and Lexicons Language of Medicine: Abbreviations, Acronyms, Eponyms, Etymology, Jargon, Nomenclature, Phrases, Slang, Terminology, and Vocabulary Medical Biography Medical Numismatics and Philately 2. General Medical Topics Economics Education, Employment, and Training Health Equity and Equality Medical Errors, Ethics, and Jurisprudence

ix xi xiii xv

1 1 20 22 27 32 38 39

3. Medical Devices, Equipment, and Instruments

43 43 44 47 50

4. Medical Architecture

77

5. Diseases and Disorders

85

57

6. Geographic Perspectives

231

7. Medical Specialties and Practice Areas Academic Medicine Adolescent and Pediatric Medicine Alchemy and Iatrochemistry Allergy and Immunology

369 370 371 373 373

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Contents

Anatomy and Physiology Anesthesiology Astrologic Medicine Aviation and Aerospace Medicine Barber Surgeon Biomedical and Biomedicine Burn Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Clinical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine Collective, Community, Public, Rural, and Social Medicine Complementary and Alternative Medicine Conservation, Veterinary, Wilderness, Wildlife, and Zoo Medicine Critical Care, Disaster, Emergency, and Intensive Care Medicine Dentistry Dermatology E-medicine, Telehealth, Telemedicine, and Virtual Medicine Endocrinology Environmental, Industrial and Occupational Health, Hygiene, and Medicine Epidemiology Eugenics Evidence-Based Medicine Evolutionary Medicine Faith-Based and Pastoral Medicine Family, General Practice, and Primary Care Medicine Fetal, Neonatal, and Perinatal Medicine Forensic and Medico-Legal Medicine Gastroenterology Genetic, Genomic, Personalized, and Precision Medicine Geomedicine Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Graphology Hematology Hepatology Hospice, End of Life, and Palliative Care Hospitalists

376 390 393 393 395 395 397 398 399 402 404 412

415 418 426 428 430 431 433 434 435 437 438 439 440 441 442 444 447 449 450 451 452 452 454

Contents

Humoral Medicine Internal Medicine Laryngology, Otolaryngology, Otology, Otorhinolaryngology, Phoniatrics, and Rhinology Lifestyle Medicine Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications) Medical Informatics Military and War Medicine Nanomedicine Nephrology and Renal Medicine Neuro Medicine and Neurology Nuclear Medicine Nursing Observational Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology Oncology Ophthalmology Optometry Pain Medicine (Algiatry) Pathology Performing Arts and Sports Medicine Pharmacology Phrenology Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Physiatry) Physiognomy Podiatry Preventive Medicine Proctology Prosthetic Medicine Psychiatry Psychology Regenerative Medicine Rheumatology Sex and Reproductive Medicine Sleep Medicine Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques Teratology Therapeutic Bleeding Translational Medicine Transplantation

454 455

456 459 459 476 479 481 483 486 489 490 514 514 516 521 524 526 527 533 535 543 544 545 545 546 546 547 548 562 576 577 578 580 581 601 602 602 603

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Tropical Medicine Urology Vaccinology

8. Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine Anthropology Bacteriology Biology and Microbiology Chemistry and Biochemistry Cytology and Histology Ecology Embryology Entomology Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine Human Factors and Ergonomics Mathematics and Physics Mortuary Science Mycology Nutritional and Dietary Science Parasitology Pharmacy Sociology Thanatology Toxicology Virology Zoology

Subject Index Geographic Index People Index

614 616 617

621 621 622 623 624 625 626 626 628 628 628 629 630 631 631 632 633 638 638 639 651 652

653 665 671

Preface

In January 2020, I was going about my business. I had contract work in my field of public history, was actively gigging with a jazz combo, and planning to work on a book. Then in February came the news that a new virus was sweeping the globe. By the first week of March, I was self-quarantined with my wife and two cats. As I am an immunocompromised individual due to a kidney transplant, I experienced a year like no other. I was not alone; the entire population of the earth experienced a similar, if not much worse, year. Therefore, this book is an ode to the first responders and frontline workers who took on the Herculean task of countering the effects of a worldwide pandemic. From infectious-disease scientists and hospital workers to grocery store clerks and delivery drivers, the world still managed to function, albeit in ways not seen since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Dale A. Stirling November 2022

Acknowledgments

First and foremost, I want to thank my wife who has been by my side for more than forty years. From marriage in a log cabin church in Alaska to five acres on Whidbey Island in Washington State, we’ve traveled a long way hand-in-hand. I also offer grateful thanks to the following individuals who provided advice, review, or words of wisdom and encouragement:

∑ Alice Fox, RN, BSN ∑ Brad Thomas, M.D. ∑ Muttuswamy Sivakumaran, M.D., Peterborough City Hospital, UK ∑ Hamid Darabi, M.E., Damghan University, Iran

I’m especially thankful for the review and comments provided by Philip Wexler, retired from a lengthy career at the National Library of Medicine. He is an internationally known expert on the history of toxicology and related informatics and is editor-in-chief of Information Resources in Toxicology and the Encyclopedia of Toxicology. I also extend gratitude to the editors and staff at Jenny Stanford Publishing for shepherding me through a second major reference work and allowing several extensions during the pandemic year.

Introduction

I first began searching for health and medical information in the late 1980s in the era of electronic bulletin boards. The literature search process was cumbersome and required the use of command language; the most common resource I used was the National Library of Medicine’s (NLM) MEDLINE database. Concurrently, I also used traditional print bibliographies and other reference works related to chemistry, engineering, medicine, and industrial technologies and manufacturing methods. Then arrived the publicly accessible internet of the 1990s, and nearly three decades later, the ability to obtain the same information on an immediate basis has become the norm. It is in homage to the hardcopy past as well as the modern digital research landscape that I compiled this bibliography with particular reverence accorded the NLM and its Bibliography of the History of Medicine which was printed in multiple volumes between 1960– 1993 and Jonathan Erlen’s The History of the Health Care Sciences, 1700–1980, A Selective Annotated Bibliography. I initially contemplated compiling an annotated bibliography, however, it became apparent rather quickly that the volume of appropriate literature would fill multiple tomes. Still, I thought it possible to provide a single volume guide to the literature celebrating the history of medicine. Although no single volume can capture the complete essence of medicine’s history, the purpose of this bibliography is to provide historians, medical professionals, and other researchers with a “one-stop” reference work that will lead them to a journal article, book, monograph, dissertation, or other document that might answer a question they have about the history of medicine. This is accomplished by citing documents relating specifically to the history of medicine, from antiquity to the early 21st century, whether an all-encompassing review, a history of a medical specialty, or even a history of a single medical device or instrument. Another aim of this work is to advance the historiography of medicine. Understanding how the history of medicine has been

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Introduction

written is essential in forecasting its possible future and legacy. I also purposefully cite numerous bibliographies because no single source can encompass the total of published medical literature and bibliographies often reveal heretofore unknown writings of interest. Bibliographies also provide a sense of how the history of medicine has been written over time. Whether citation based or annotated, whether hardcopy or digital, bibliographies are still an essential research resource in medicine and scientific disciplines. Also cited are numerous bibliometric studies, because these also help us understand how the history of medicine is being written from an analytical viewpoint. The history of medicine is also told through literature profiling individuals considered to be key players in its history. These biographies usually pertain to a specific pioneer of medicine or someone responsible for the development or creation of a medical specialty or medical device or instrument. This bibliography also celebrates the disenfranchised—either through lack of historical acknowledgment or willful ignorance. Documents related to the history of medicine in marginalized and developing countries are cited as well as those related to individuals and groups struggling to break the medicine’s glass ceiling. Although this bibliography is U.S. centric, numerous countries and regions are included in Section 6 because there is a global commonality among medical specialties and practice areas. I also cite works that pertain to a country’s precursor (e.g., Ceylon and Sri Lanka, Persia and Iran, and Siam and Thailand) as well as countries and regions that no longer exist (e.g., Assyria, Babylonia, and the Ottoman Empire). Many of the documents cited in this book were written by those not living in the geographic region that was the subject of their research. That reflects a mission of this bibliography; that the history of medicine of one country seen through the lens of another, provides fresh perspectives and viewpoints which adds to our cumulative knowledge and understanding of medicine.

Research Methods

Beginning in about 2010, but with accelerated purpose since 2018, I conducted exhaustive literature searches using publicly available and fee-based databases and online search engines as well as traditional print-based bibliographies. Those resources included, but were not limited to, the following:

∑ Academic Search ∑ African Journals Online ∑ EBSCO ∑ Econ Papers ∑ J-Stage ∑ Jeghers Medical Index ∑ PubMed ∑ ProQuest ∑ SciELO ∑ Web of Science



∑ History of medicine in general ∑ Historical development of medical specialties, sub-specialties, and practice areas ∑ History of medical devices ∑ History of the architecture of medicine ∑ History of ethical, philosophical, and legal aspects of medicine ∑ History of negative aspects of medicine such as gender bias, health equity, and racism ∑ History of common diseases and disorders ∑ Historiography of medicine

Although I specifically searched for preferred review articles because they are comprehensive, timely, and peer reviewed, I also reviewed many other types of documents if their content touched upon one or more of the following areas or themes:

Also of interest were documents that indexed, abstracted, or provided bibliographic citations and references on the literature of medicine. Indeed, this bibliography cites hundreds of other

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Research Methods

bibliographies because, as an independent bibliographer, I believe these are the foundation of well-balanced research in all disciplines, not just medicine. I also sought a balance reflecting the multidisciplinary nature of medicine. Therefore, documents from many branches of science and other disciplines, such as the humanities, are cited in this bibliography. I also sought a balance between spectrums of information. I chose to include scholarly works because they represent the penultimate in research and context, but I also chose to include popular magazines and trade journals because they represent the interests of nonmedical professionals and interested lay persons. In general, documents are included only if abstracted by a database provider, available as a digital download, or available from a research portal so they could be reviewed for context and content. In some cases, abstracts were not available for cited documents, however, because these were discovered through PUBMED searches, I trust the NLM’s decision making which leads to the inclusion of those documents (primarily journal articles) in their database.

Organization and Reference Style

Each of the eight sections of the bibliography begins with an introductory paragraph that examines its purpose and key features. Thereafter, for some sections, the first heading is titled “General Overviews,” which includes literature of a broad nature relating to the main heading. Then, additional subheadings are used which reflect either a surfeit of related literature and/or the fact that a medical specialty consists of multiple sub-specialties (e.g., nursing, psychology, and toxicology). However, for some sections, there is a single subject heading—reflecting either a paucity of related literature or the fact that a medical specialty does not consist of multiple sub-specialties (e.g., anesthesiology, dermatology, and vaccinology). Although individuals and medical personalities are not a focus of this book, some cited works pertain to specific medical pioneers. In some cases, the most pertinent information can be found in a biographical profile (Citation Nos. 4222 and 6494). Some literature is cited because of whom the author is (Citation No. 1083: Nightingale, F. 1863. Notes on Hospitals. London: Longman, Roberts, & Green) while others are considered landmark documents

Research Methods

in the history of medicine (Citation No. 106: Garrison, F.H. 1913. An Introduction to the History of Medicine. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders). An abbreviated APA citation style is utilized in this bibliography. Also, due to the increasing use of “digital object identifiers” the signature abbreviation “DOI” and related hyperlinks are only used if they are the sole method of identifying a work from a bibliographic perspective. However, as most journals still use volume, issue, and page numbers as part of their citation; that is preferred approach taken in this book. A more compelling reason for not using DOI is that about 35% of the documents reviewed and cited were acquired from non-database sources. Also, due to the transient nature of internet websites, very few web addresses are provided in this book. For purposes of efficiency the traditional method of noting if a journal volume is a supplement, which would appear as 10(Supp 4) has been shortened to 10(S4). Also noted in parentheses is whether a cited journal article is an editorial, commentary, opinion article, or other designated form of written communication. Journal articles are generally cited according to abbreviation conventions established by the NLM. However, due to the explosion of open-source publishing and titles that have yet to be vetted by the NLM, full titles are also used. If a journal publisher provides its own abbreviated title and their journal has not been vetted by the NLM, then their abbreviation is used. Many cited articles are from popular magazines and trade journals which typically are not abbreviated, therefore full titles are used in most cases. Articles in languages other than English appear as [Korean]; if there is an English abstract but the text is not in English, it appears as [English Abstract/Korean]; if the abstract is other than English it appears as [Korean Abstract/English]; if the text consists of two languages it appears as [Korean/English]. For ease of use, each citation in the bibliography is numbered and corresponds to three indexes. The first index is subject oriented, the second index is geographic, and the last index pertains to individuals.

xvii

Section 1

History and Historiography

Documents cited in this section reveal how medicine evolved from antiquarian ideas of the four humours (blood, black and yellow bile, and phlegm), to empirical science in the 20th century, to medical technologies of the 21st century (e.g., mRNA vaccines to battle COVID-19). Authors choose a variety of methods to tell the story of medicine and the following eight sub-sections cite more than 800 related documents. These include books, bibliographies, dictionaries, encyclopedias, journal articles and theses and dissertations. The sub-sections cite literature relating to lesser knowns aspects of the history of medicine. For instance, few people are aware of the role that numismatics and philately plays in celebrating the history of medicine. Many people are unaware of how various artforms celebrate the history of medicine. In addition, a language unique to medicine has evolved over the past several centuries and the related literature provides a fascinating glimpse into medical jargon, phrasing, terminology, vocabulary, etc.

Medicine from Antiquity to the 21st Century

1. Abdollahi, M. 2012. On the importance of medical history writing. Res Hist Med. 1(1):1–2.

From Hippocrates to COVID-19: A Bibliographic History of Medicine Dale A. Stirling Copyright © 2023 Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. ISBN 978-981-4968-35-5 (Hardcover), 978-1-003-28278-5 (eBook) www.jennystanford.com

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2. Ackerknecht, E.H. 1955. A Short History of Medicine. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 3. Ackerknecht, E.H. 1967. A plea for a behaviorist approach in writing the history of medicine. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 22:211– 14. 4. Albury, W.R. 2005. Broadening the vision of the history of medicine. Health and History. 7(1):2–16. 5. Allen, G.E. 1975. Life Science in the 20th Century. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 6. Andrews, J. 2011. History of medicine: Health, medicine, and disease in the 18th century. Journal of Eighteenth-Century Studies. 34(4):503–515. 7. Antoniou, G.A., et al. 2012. A contemporary perspective of the first aphorism of Hippocrates. J Vasc Surg. 56(3):866–868. 8. Aschner, B. 1947. The utilitaristic approach to the history of medicine. Medical World (NY). 65(4):149–152. 9. Atkinson, D.T. 1959. Magic, Myth, and Medicine. Cleveland: World Publishing Co. 10. Baas, J.H. 1889. Outlines of the History of Medicine and the Medical Profession. New York: J.H. Vail & Co. 11. Balalykin, D.A. 2014. Religious and philosophical systems and their value for medicine history. Med Hist. 1:9–26. 12. Balalykin, D.A. 2016. Оn the problem of periodization in the history of medicine. History of Medicine. 3(3):203–221. 13. Bankoff, G. Milestones in Medicine. London: Museum Press Ltd. 14. Bann, S. 1988. History and her siblings: Law, medicine and theology. Hist Hum Sci. 1(1):5–21. 15. Bârsu, C. 2007. History of medicine and its roles. Clujul Med. 80(3):727–729. 16. Bârsu, C. 2017. History of medicine between tradition and modernity. Clujul Med. 90(2):243–245. 17. Bartlett, E. 1844. An Essay on the Philosophy of Medical Science. Philadelphia: Lea & Blanchard. 18. Barton, W.M. 1922. Medicine: The Science of Health. New York: P.F. Collier & Son. 19. Barzun, J. 1974. Clio and the Doctors: Psychohistory, QuantoHistory and History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Medicine from Antiquity to the 21st Century

20. Bashford, A. 2006. Global biopolitics and the history of world health. Hist Hum Sci. 91(1):67–88. 21. Bauer, L.H. (Ed.) 1954. 75 Years of Medical Progress: 1878– 1953. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger. 22. Beccalossi, C. and Cryle, P. 2011. Recent developments in the intellectual history of medicine: A special issue of the Journal of the History of Medicine. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 67(1):1–6. 23. Behneman, H.M. 1934. Physical medicine: Some historical facts and figures. Cal West Med. 41(1):35–39. 24. Beierwaltes, W.H. 1985. Playing with medicine: A historical perspective. Henry Ford Hosp Med J. 33(1):27–33. 25. Berridge, V. 1992. Health and medicine in the twentieth century: Contemporary history and health policy. Soc Hist Med. 5(2):307–316. 26. Bettmann, O. 1956. A Pictorial History of Medicine. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 27. Birtalan, G. 1976. Stages of historical importance on the way leading to modern medicine. I. Orv Hetil. 117(20):1231– 1233. [Hungarian] 28. Birtalan, G. 1976. Events of historical significance in the course of the development of modern medicine. II. Orv Hetil. 117(22):1345–1346. [Hungarian] 29. Birtalan, G. 1976. Periods of historical significance in the development of modern medicine. III. Orv Hetil. 117(24):1471–1473. [Hungarian] 30. Blake, J.B. 1964. Medical records and history. The American Archivist. 27(2):229–235. 31. Boudoulas, K.D., et al. 2017. The endless evolution of medicine, continuous increase in life expectancy and constant role of the physician. J Hellenic Soc Cardiol. 58:322–330. 32. Bowen, R.S. 1963. They Found the Unknown: The Stories of Nine Great Discoveries in the Field of Medical Knowledge. Philadelphia: Macrae Smith Co. 33. Branca, P. 1977. The Medicine Show: Patients, Physicians, and the Perplexities of the Health Revolution in Modern Society. New York: Science History Publications. 34. Brandt, A.M. 1991. Emerging themes in the history of medicine. Milbank Q. 69(2):199–214.

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35. Brieger, G.H. 2004. Bodies and borders: A new cultural history of medicine. Perspect Biol Med. 47(3):402–421. 36. Broadbent, A. 2019. Philosophy of Medicine. Oxford University Press. 37. Buck, A.H. 1917. The Growth of Medicine from the Earliest Times to About 1800. New Haven: Yale University Press. 38. Burnham, J.C. 1996. How the concept of profession evolved in the work of historians of medicine. Bull Hist Med. 70(1):1–24. 39. Burnham, J.C. 1999. A brief history of medical practitioners and professional historians as writers of medical history. Health and History. 1(4):250–273. 40. Burns, C.R. 1975. Viewpoints in the teaching of medical history. III. Exploring new possibilities in the teaching of medical history. Clio Med. 10(2):143–152. 41. Bynum, W.F. 1994. Science and the Practice of Medicine in the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge University Press. 42. Bynum, W.F. and Porter, R. (Eds.). 1993. Companion Encyclopedia of the History of Medicine (2 Volumes). London: Routledge. 43. Calder, R. 1958. Medicine and Man: The Story of the Art and Science of Healing. New York: Signet Science Library Books. 44. Camac, C.N.B. (Ed.). 1909. Epoch-Making Contributions to Medicine, Surgery and the Allied Sciences. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 45. Camac, C.N.B. 1931. Imhotep to Harvey, Backgrounds of Medical History. New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc. 46. Canguilhem, G. 2012. Writings on Medicine (Translated and with an introduction by Stefanos Geroulanos and Todd Meyers). New York: Fordham University Press. 47. Caplan, A.L. 1992. Does the philosophy of medicine exist? Theor Med. 13(1):67–77. 48. Cartwright, F.F. 1977. A Social History of Medicine. London: Longman. 49. Castelli, H. 2016. What does Hippocrates mean? The historiographical construction of the Greek physician as the “father of medicine.” Postgrad J Med Hum. 3:39–51. 50. Castiglioni, A. 1947. A History of Medicine (Translated and edited by E.B. Krumbhaar). New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Medicine from Antiquity to the 21st Century

51. Cayleff, S.E. 1988. Prisoners of their own feebleness. Women, nerves and western medicine: A historical overview. Soc Sci Med. 26(12):1199–208. 52. Chandramohan, P. 2014. Glimpses under the history of medicine. Arch Med Health Sci. 2(1):100–105. 53. Charters, E. and McKay, R.A. 2020. The history of science and medicine in the context of COVID-19. Centaurus. 62(2):223– 233. 54. Chinchilla, D.A. 1841. Anales Históricos De La Medicina En General, Y Biográfico-Bibliográficos De La Española En Particular. Valencia: Imprenta De Lopez Y Compañia. 55. Clarke, E. (Ed.) 1971. Modern Methods in the History of Medicine. London: Athlone Press. 56. Connor, J.J. 1993. Medical text and historical context: Research issues and methods in history and technical communication. J Tech Writing Commun. 23(3):211–232. 57. Cohen-Hangebi, N. 2016. A moving soul: Emotions in late medieval medicine. Osiris. 31:46–66. 58. Coles, R. and Testa, R. (Eds.). 2002. A Life in Medicine. A Literature Anthology. New York: The New Press. 59. Cook, H.J. 2011. The history of medicine and the scientific revolution. Isis. 102:102–108. 60. Cooter, R. and Stein, C. 2013. Writing History in the Age of Biomedicine. Yale University Press. 61. Cope, Z. (Ed.). 1957. Sidelights on the History of Medicine. London: Butterworth & Co. 62. Cordell, E.F. 1904. The importance of the study of the history of medicine. Med Library Hist J. 2(4):68–82. 63. Coulter, H.L 1982. Divided Legacy, Volume I: The Patterns Emerge Hippocrates to Paracelsus. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books. 64. Coulter, H.L 1982. Divided Legacy, Volume II: The Origin of Modern Western Medicine: J.B. Van Helmont to Claude Bernard. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books. 65. Coulter, H.L 1994. Divided Legacy, Volume IV: Twentieth Century Medicine: The Bacteriological Century. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books.

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66. Coulter, H.L 1999. Divided Legacy, Volume III: The Conflict Between Homeopathy and the AMA. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books. 67. Coury, C. 1966. The basic principles of medicine in the primitive mind. Med Hist. 11(2):111–127. 68. Creaton, H. 1990. Starting research in medical history: Preparing the ground. Soc Hist Med. 3(2):285–289. 69. Crignon, C. and Antoine-Mahut, D. 2014. Médecine, philosophie et révolution scientifique. Une étude bibliographique. Gesnerus. 71(2):187–203. [English Abstract/French] 70. Cumston, C.G. 1926. An Introduction to the History of Medicine from the Time of the Pharaohs to the End of the XVIIIth Century, with an Essay on the Relation of History and Philosophy to Medicine by F.G. Crookshank. London: Kegan Paul. 71. Curtin, R.G. 1907. A Study of Ancient and Modern Secret Medical Fraternities. Philadelphia. 72. D’Arcy, P. 1931. The Foundations of Medical History. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 73. Dana, C.L. 1926. The Peaks of Medical History. New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc. 74. Daremberg, C.V. 1870. Histoire des sciences médicales (2 Volumes). Paris: J.-B. Baillière. [French] 75. Davenport, W.H. 1962. The Good Physician: A Treasury of Medicine. New York: Macmillan Co. 76. Dawson, B. 1931. The History of Medicine: A Short Synopsis. London: H.K. Lewis & Co. 77. Denver Chemical Mfg. Co. 1924. Medical Facts: Interesting Historical Chronological. New York. 78. De Sio, F. and Fangerau, H. 2019. The obvious in a nutshell: Science, medicine, knowledge, and history. Ber Wissenschaftsgesch. 42:167–185. 79. Doel, R.E. and Soderqvist, T. (Eds.). 2006. The Historiography of Contemporary Science, Technology, and Medicine: Writing Recent Science. London: Routledge. 80. Draper, J.W. 1863. The Historical Influence of the Medical Profession. New York: Baillière Brothers. 81. Drinkwater, H. 1924. Fifty Years of Medical Progress, 1873– 1922. London: H.K. Lewis & Co. Ltd.

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82. Duffin, J. (Ed.). 2005. Clio in the Clinic. History in Medical Practice. Oxford University Press. 83. Dunglinson, R. 1872. History of Medicine from Earliest Ages to the Commencement of the 19th Century. Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston. 84. Edwards, M. 2011. Put out your tongue! The role of clinical insight in the study of the history of medicine. Med Hist. 55(3):301–306. 85. Efendiev, M.E. 1961. Fictional literature as a historical source in the study of medicine in the middle ages. Klin Med (Mosk). 39:115–118. [Russian] 86. Eijk, P.J. (Ed.). 1999. Ancient Histories of Medicine. Essays in Medical Doxography and Historiography in Classical Antiquity. Boston: Brill. 87. Eknoyan, G. 2015. Why the history of medicine? Int J Hist Philos Med. 5:10514. 88. Entralgo, P.L. 1972. Historia Universal de la Medicina (7 Volumes). Barcelona: Salvat. [Spanish] 89. Entralgo, P.L. 1981. The origins of medical diagnosis. Dynamis. 1:3–16. [Spanish] 90. Ferber, S. and Wilde, S. (Eds.). 2011. The Body Divided: Human Beings and Human “Material” in Modern Medical History. Burlington, VT: Ashgate. 91. Fergus, J.F. 1922. A short sketch of the history of early medicine. Glasgow Med J. 98(3):172–192. 92. Ficarra, B.J., Jr. 1948. Essays on Historical Medicine. New York: Froben Press. 93. Figlio, K. 1977. The historiography of scientific medicine: An invitation to the human sciences. Comparative Studies in Society and History. 19(3):262–286. 94. Fisher, D., et al. 2016. Medicine and the future of health: Reflecting on the past to forge ahead. BMC Med. 14:169. 95. Fleming, A. 1964. Doctors in Petticoats. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott. 96. Fox, R. 1950. Milestones of Medicine. New York: Random House.

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97. Freind, J. Ca. 1725. The History of Physik: From the Time of Galen to the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century. London: J. Walthoe. 98. Freymann, J.G. 1975. Medicine’s great schism: Prevention vs. cure: An historical interpretation. Med Care. 13(7):525–536. 99. Fulton, J.F. 1950. Medicine in the Eighteenth Century. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas Press. 100. Galdston, I. 1940. Progress in Medicine: A Critical Review of the Last Hundred Years. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 101. Galdston, I. 1951. Medicine in history. CIBA Symp. 11:1350– 1380. 102. Galdston, I. 1956. The romantic period in medicine. Bull NY Acad Med. 32(5):346–62. 103. Galdston, I. (Ed.). 1957. On the Utility of Medical History. New York: International University Press. 104. Galdston, I. 1981. Social and Historical Foundations of Modern Medicine. New York: Brunner/Mazel. 105. Garland, J. 1949. The Story of Medicine. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 106. Garrison, F.H. 1913. An Introduction to the History of Medicine. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 107. Garrison, F.H. 1913. History of Medicine, with Medical Chronology, Bibliographic Data, and Test Questions. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 108. Gifford, G.E., Jr. 1975. Medical history: Curio or cure? VIII. Viewpoints in the teaching of medical history. Clio Med. 10(4):304–308. 109. Glascheib, H.S. 1963. The March of Medicine: Aberrations and Triumphs of the Health Art (Translated by Mervyn Saville). London: Macdonald & Co. Ltd. 110. Gould, G.M. and Pyle, W.L. 1900. Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 111. Gorton, D.A. 1910. The History of Medicine: Philosophical and Critical, from its Origin to the Twentieth Century. New York: Knickerbocker Press. 112. Gotfredsen, E. 1950. Medicinens historie. Copenhagen: Busck. 113. Guthrie, D. 1945. A History of Medicine. London: Nelson.

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543. Mossman, J. (Ed.). 1991. Dictionary of Medial and Health Acronyms. New York: Wynwood Press. 544. Narod S.A., et al. 2016. Do acronyms belong in the medical literature? (Commentary). Curr Oncol. 22(5):295–296. 545. Neuman, B. 1968. Historical review of medical terminology and its current crisis. Arch Hist Med (Warsz). 31(2):193–205. [Polish] 546. Norri, J. 2016. Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary in English, 1375–1550: Body Parts, Sicknesses, Instruments, and Medicinal Preparations. London: Routledge. 547. Orlemanski, J. 2012. Jargon and the matter of medicine in Middle English. Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. 42(2):395–420. 548. Panocová, R. 2017. The Vocabulary of Medical English: A Corpus-Based Study. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 549. Pepper, O.H.P. 1949. Medical Etymology: The History and Derivation of Medical Terms for Students of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company. 550. Pitt, M.B. and Hendrickson, M.A. 2019. Eradicating jargonoblivion: A proposed classification system of medical jargon. J Gen Intern Med. 35(6):1861–1864. 551. Prescott, S.L. 2017. History of medicine: Origin of the term microbiome and why it matters. Hum Microbiome J. 4:24–25. 552. Pyle, V. 1990. Current Medical Terminology. Modesto, CA: Health Professions Institute. 553. Reich, W.T. 1995. The word “bioethics”: The struggle over its earliest meanings. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 5(1):19–34. 554. Ricart Vayá, A. and Candel Mora, M.Á. 2009. Emerging vocabulary: The influence of English on medical Spanish. Rev Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses. 22:327–340. 555. Roberts, F. 1954. Medical Terms. Their Origin and Construction. London: William Heinernann Medical Books Ltd. 556. Rodin, A.E. and Key, J.D. 1989. Medicine, Literature, and Eponyms: An Encyclopedia of Medical Eponyms Derived from Literary Characters. Malabar, FL: R.E. Krieger Co. 557. Roland, C.G. 1970. Thoughts about medical writing. II. Anesthesia and analgesia. Abbreviations. 49(60):975–976.

Language of Medicine

558. Samora, J., et al. 1961. Medical vocabulary knowledge among hospital patients. J Health Human Behav. 2(2):83–92. 559. Sapaeva, D., et al. 2020. Features of abbreviations used in medical terminology. J Crit Rev. 7(5):808–811. 560. Scarborough, J. 1992. Medical and Biological Terminologies: Classical Origins. University of Oklahoma Press. 561. Schmidt, J.E. 1959. Dictionary of Medical Slang and Related Esoteric Expressions. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 562. Shocket, E. 1995. Frequency of uncommon abbreviations in medical journals. South Med J. 88(3):315–318. 563. Skinner, H.A. 1949. The Origin of Medical Terms. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 564. Sloane, S.B. 1997. Medical Abbreviations and Eponyms. Philadelphia: Saunders. 565. Spiegl, F. 1996. Fritz Spiegl’s Sick Notes: An Alphabetical Browsing-Book of Medical Derivations, Abbreviations, Mnemonics, and Slang for the Amusement and Edification of Medics, Nurses, Patients, and Hypochondriacs. New York: Parthenon. 566. Steen, E.B. 1967. Medical Abbreviations. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Co. 567. Steen, E.B. 1984. London: Bailliere’s Abbreviations in Medicine. London: Baillière Tindall. 568. Thomas, J. 1889. A Complete Pronouncing Medical Dictionary. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co. 569. Wagstaffe, W.W. 1889. Mayne’s Medical Vocabulary. London: J. & A. Churchill. 570. Wain, H. 1958. The Story Behind the Word: Some Interesting Origins of Medical Terms. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 571. Willis, M.C. 1996. Medical Terminology. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 572. Willis, M.C. 2019. Medical Terminology: A Programmed Learning Approach to the Language of Health Care. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 573. Winau, R. 1980. Notes on the ‘language’ of medicine. Ber Wiss Gesch. 3(1–2):95–102. [English Abstract/German] 574. Wood, C.A. 1895. The improper use in medical literature of certain words and phrases. JAMA. 24(10):352–353.

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History and Historiography

575. Wulff, H.R. 2004. The language of medicine. J R Soc Med. 97:187–188. 576. Zhuo, S. 2010. The creation of modern medical terms: A case study of Benjamin Hobson (1816–1873) and his medical vocabulary in English and Chinese. Stud Hist Nat Sci. 4.

Medical Biography

577. Annan, G.L. (Ed.). 1960. Catalog of Biographies in the Library of the New York Academy of Medicine. Boston: G.K. Hall & Co. 578. Añón, R.B. 2014. Medical biographies and their historical significance. The figure and the work of Bernardino Ramazzini (1633–1714). Med Segur Trab. 2:34–41. [Spanish Abstract/ English] 579. Cohen, S. (Ed.). 1988. A Bibliography of Anglo-Jewish Medical Biography. London: Jewish Historical Society of England. 580. Frangos, C.C. 2010. Towards a realistic approach to medical biography. J Med Biogr. 18:1. 581. Garrison, F.H. 1928. Available sources and future prospects of medical biography (Editorial). Bull NY Acad Med. 586–607. 582. Haridas, R.P. 2015. Historical medical biography: Hagiography and pathography (Editorial). J Anesth Hist. 1:31–33. 583. Houston, C.S. 1996. Value of biography to the history of medicine. Can Bull Hist Med. 13(2):176–178. 584. Hughes, J.T. 2007. Essays in Medical Biography. Oxford: Rimes House. 585. Huth, E.J. 1972. Medical biography: Recently published sources and guides. Ann Intern Med. 76(3):517–521. 586. MacLehose, W. 2016. Medieval practitioners and medical biography (Editorial). J Med Biogr. 21:1–2. 587. McHenry, L.C., Jr. 1959. Dr. Samuel Johnson’s medical biographies. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 14(7):298–310. 588. Medical Library Association. 1938. Medical biography and history for the public. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 27(1):88–90. 589. Morton, L.T. and Moore, R.J. 1989. A Bibliography of Medical and Biomedical Biography. Aldershot, England: Scholar Press.

Medical Numismatics and Philately

590. Moulton, C.W. (Ed.). 1905. A Biographical Cyclopedia of Medical History. New York: The Saalfield Publishing Co. 591. Pettigrew, T.J. 1838. Biographical Memoirs of the Most Celebrated Physicians, Surgeons, etc. Who Have Contributed to the Advancement of Medical Science. London: Fisher, Son & Co. 592. Rioradan, H.D. 1988. Medical Mavericks. Wichita, KS: BioCommunications Press. 593. Saudan, G. 1989. Biography and history of medicine. Rev Med Suisse Romande. 109(12):1033–1039. [French] 594. Shephard, D.A. 1996. The value of biography for medical history. Can Bull Med Hist. 13(2):186–188. 595. Sigerist, H.E. 1933. The Great Doctors: A Biographical History of Medicine. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 596. Söderqvist, T. 2004. Why are there so few scholarly biographies in the history of medicine and public health? Michael. 1:119–129. 597. Stevenson, L.G. 1955. Biography versus history: With special reference to the history of medicine. Trans Stud Coll Physicians Phila. 23(2):83–93. 598. Teigen, P.M. 1996. Why historians of medicine are wary of biography. Can Bull Med Hist. 13(2):181–186. 599. Thornton, J.L. 1961. A Select Bibliography of Medical Biography. London: Library Association. 600. Unknown Author. 1840. Medical biography. Med Chir Rev. 32(64):317–360. 601. Unknown Author. 1972. Medical biography: Recently published sources and guides. Ann Intern Med. 76(3):517– 521.

Medical Numismatics and Philately

602. Allen, C.R. 1981. A survey of medical numismatics. JAMA. 246(20):2347–2349. 603. Andrews, M.J. 1956. Medical history as portrayed on postage stamps. J Natl Med Assoc. 48:1–9. 604. Bishop, W.J. and Matheson, N.M. 1948. Medicine and Science in Postage Stamps. London: Harvey & Blythe.

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History and Historiography

605. Bluefarb, S.M. 1959. The history of dermatology as depicted through postage stamps. Arch Dermatol. 80:85. 606. Blodi, F.C. 1979–1980. Ophthalmology and philately. I. Ophthalmologists on stamps. Historia Ophthalmologica Int. 1:209–216. 607. Blodi, F.C. 1979–1980. Ophthalmology and philately. II. Ophthalmologists who became famous in other areas of endeavor. Historia Ophthalmologica Int. 1:301–304. 608. Blodi, F.C. 1979–1980. Ophthalmology and philately. III. Scientists who contributed to ophthalmology. Historia Ophthalmologica Int. 1:305–311. 609. Borgsteede, F.H.M. 2007. Parasitology: A Philatelic Perspective. Malvern, Worcestershire, UK: Shernacre Enterprises. 610. Bowman, I.A. 1983. The image of the nurse on international postage stamps, 1920–1970. Literature and Medicine. 2:91– 100. 611. CoIón-Morales, M. 1996. History of anesthesia and related fields in philately. Bull Anesthesia Hist. 14(1):7. 612. Davies, M.K. and Hollman, A. 2006. Stamps in cardiology: Millennium stamps. Heart. 92:146. 613. Dubb, A. 1981. Medical philately: Sport and medicine. S Afr Med J. 60(4):144–146. 614. Furukawa, A. 1994. Medical History Through Postage Stamps. St. Louis: Ishiyaku Euro America. 615. Garrison, F.H. 1926. Medical numismatics. Ann Med Hist. 8(2):128–135. 616. Gluckman, L. 1991. Neurological philately. NZ Med J. 104(914):270. 617. Griffenhagen, G. 1990. Pharmaceutical Philately (ATA Handbook No. 114). Johnstown, PA: American Topical Association. 618. Harsch, O.M. 1981. Dental philatelic exhibits. 1. Zahnarztl Mitt. 71(16):964–965. [German] 619. Harsch, O.M. 1981. Dental philatelic exhibits. 2. Zahnarztl Mitt. 71(17):1002–1003. [German] 620. Hart, G.D. 1966. Ancient coins and medicine. CMAJ. 94(2):77– 89.

Medical Numismatics and Philately

621. Jarcho, S. 1969. Medical numismatic notes. I. Bull NY Acad Med. 45(5):512–514. 622. Kanterman, C.B. 1965. Dentistry on postage stamps. Dent Stud. 43:375–381. 623. Kisch, B. 1943. An outline of the history of collecting numismatic items pertaining to medicine. Numismatic Review. 1:28–36. 624. Kler, J.H. 1967. Medicine, stamps, and the history of man. Manit Med Rev. 47(2):73–78. 625. Kler, J.H. 1969. Medicine On Stamps. New York: Minkus Publications. 626. Kyle, R.A. and Shampo, M.A. (Eds.). 1970. Medicine and Stamps. Chicago: American Medical Association. 627. Levinson, A. 1943. Medical medallions. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 31:5–34. 628. Locke, R.D. 1990. Veterinary history on stamps. Vet Hist. 6(4):117–119. 629. Matheson, N.M. 1947. Postage stamps and physical medicine. Br J Physical Med. 10(5):130–132. 630. McKenzie, A.G. 2002. Anaesthesia in philately. Int Congr Ser. 1242:531–536. 631. McNaught, J.B. 1944. Physicians on coins. Stanford Med Bull. 2:1–8. 632. Newerla, G.J. 1964. Medical History in Philately. Milwaukee, WI: American Topical Association. 633. Newerla, G.J. 1971. Medical History in Philately and Numismatics. Waltham, MA: Pine Hill Press. 634. Ohtake, H. 1976. Nuclear medicine seen in postal stamps. Rinsho Hoshasen. 21(13):1177–1178. [Japanese] 635. Ohtake, H. 1977. Nuclear medicine seen in stamps. II. Rinsho Hoshasen. 22(5):520. 636. Pearn, J. 2016. Enduring biographic heritage: Medical numismatics. J Med Biogr. DOI: 10.1177/096777201667684. 637. Præstholm, J., et al. 1988. Radiology on postage stamps. Radiographics. 8(5):981–986. 638. Praestholm, J., et al. 1988. Radiology on postage stamps. Part 2. Radiographics. 8(6):1203–1213.

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History and Historiography

639. Praestholm, J., et al. 1989. Radiology on postage stamps. Part 3. Radiographics. 9(2):341–352. 640. Praestholm, J., et al. 1990. Radiology on postage stamps. Part 4. Radiographics. 10(1):157–177. 641. Ritchie, M.B. 2007. A History of Nursing Through Philately. UK: Teragram. 642. Roldan, E.J. and Zuckerberg, C. 2010. Biomedicine philately. Medicina. 71(1):53–58. 643. Sanders, L.J. 2001. The Philatelic History of Diabetes. University of Chicago Press. 644. Schmeink, C.J. 1965. Physicians on postage stamps. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 109:1253–1260. 645. Schmeink, C.J. 1965. Physicians on postage stamps. II. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 110:26–29. 646. Schwartz, A.W. 1992. Physicians and Medicine on Currency and Stamps (3 Volumes). Bakersfield, CA: Schwartz. 647. Schwartz, A.W. 1993. Places Named After Physicians: A Philatelic Tribute to Physicians Worldwide (3 Volumes). Bakersfield, CA: Schwartz. 648. Sonnenfeld, J.H. 1955. A postage stamp history of medicine. Proc Med Soc NY. 13:60–64. 649. Taub, M. 1978. Cancer stamps: 50 years in the crusade against cancer through stamps. Cancer J Clin. 28:164–169. 650. Tierney, J. 1997. Organ transplants on stamps. Scalpel Tongs. 41:97–100. 651. Tierney, J. 1997. The world’s first medical postage stamp. Med Health RI. 80(3):99. 652. van Alphen, P.J.M. 1988. Psychiatrists and mental health in philately. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 77:225–227. 653. Verveen, G. 1982. Chirurgia: The handicraft of medicine. Philatelically illustrated historic survey of surgery. Am J Surg. 143(5):640–648.

Section 2

General Medical Topics

This section cites works related to medical topics that are important and frequently written about by medical professionals, but lack exposure in the general press or are usually beyond the interest of the general public.

Economics

654. Blumenschein, K. and Johannesson, M. 1996. Economic evaluation in healthcare. A brief history and future directions. Pharmacoeconomics. 10(2):114–122. 655. Chen, A. and Goldman, D. 2016. Health care spending: Historical trends and new directions. Annu Rev Econ. 8(1):291–319. 656. Clément, A. 2003. The influence of medicine on political economy in the seventeenth century. Hist Econ Rev. 38(1):1– 22. 657. Grega, D. and Kolář, J. 2019. Historical analysis of pharmacoeconomic terms. Scientometrics. 119(3):1643– 1654. 658. Fitz, R. 1940. Present-day medical economics: An informal discussion. N Engl J Med. 222:530–534. From Hippocrates to COVID-19: A Bibliographic History of Medicine Dale A. Stirling Copyright © 2023 Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. ISBN 978-981-4968-35-5 (Hardcover), 978-1-003-28278-5 (eBook) www.jennystanford.com

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General Medical Topics

659. Fort, G.F. 1883. Medical Economy During the Middle Ages. New York: J.W. Bouton. 660. Fox, D.M. 1979. Economists and Health Care: From Reform to Relativism. New York: Prodist. 661. Fox, D.M. 1979. From reform to relativism: A history of economists and health care. Milbank Q. 57(3):297–336. 662. Ginzberg, E. 1951. Perspectives on the economics of medical care. American Economic Review. 44:104–119. 663. Hodgson, G.M. 2008. An institutional and evolutionary perspective on health economics. Cambridge Journal of Economics. 32:235–256. 664. Jakovljevic, M. and Ogura, S. 2016. Health economics at the crossroads of centuries: From the past to the future. Front Public Health. 4:115. 665. Kickbusch, I., et al. 2015. Universal Health Coverage: An Annotated Bibliography. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Institute for Applied Economics, Global Health, and Study of Business Enterprise. 666. Latifi, Mohd. Health Care Economics, Hospital Management and Cost Accounting: A Bibliography. Sweden: Uppsala University. 667. Lee, R.V. 1961. Recent trends in medical economics—history and prophecy. Arizona Medicine. 18:181–3. 668. Leland, R.G. 1933. Some trends in medical economics. Cal West Med. 38(5):48–52. 669. Lewis, J.M. and Considine, M. 1999. Medicine, economics, and agenda-setting. Soc Sci Med. 48(3):393–405. 670. Pellegrino, E.D. 1978. Medical morality and medical economics. Hastings Center Report. 8(4):8–12. 671. Samuel, S., et al. 2005. Monetized medicine: From the physical to the fiscal. Accounting Organizations and Society. 30(3):249–278.

Education, Employment, and Training 672. Association of American Medical Colleges. 1971. Archives of Medical Education, 1876–1971. Washington, D.C.

Education, Employment, and Training

673. Baird, L.A. 1991. Assessing the Information Needs of Health Professionals: An Annotated Bibliography. Baltimore: National Network of Libraries of Medicine, Southeastern/Atlantic Region. 674. Balcioglu, H., et al. 2015. A historical perspective of medical education. J Edu Sci Environ Health. 1(2):111–1114. 675. Bleakly, A. 2020. Educating Doctor’s Senses Through the Medical Humanities. London: Routledge. 676. Darbyshire, D. and Baker, P. 2012. A systematic review and thematic analysis of cinema in medical education. Med Humanit. 38:28–33. 677. Fulton, J.F. 1953. History of medical education. BMJ. 2(4834):457. 678. Galdston, I. 1961. Reflections on historical epochs in medical education. Bull Hist Med. 35:50–60. 679. Haber, P. 1993. The science of medical training. Wien Med Wochenschr. 143(1):26–35. [German] 680. Horton, M.E.K. 2019. The orphan child: Humanities in modern medical education. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 14:1. 681. Hudson, R.P. 1975. Viewpoints in the teaching of medical history. IV. Goals in the teaching of medical history. Clio Med. 10(2):153–160. 682. Hulail, M.A.E., et al. 2018. Medical education: Historical backward, current trends and challenges. Zagazig Univ Med J. 24(S2):31–40. 683. Izant, H.A. and Widersheim, R.M. 1973. Selective bibliography on medical education. Br J Med Educ. 7(2):86–88. 684. Johnson, V. 1962. The historical development of accreditation in medical education. JAMA. 181(7):616–619. 685. Jones, F., et al. 2015. Simulation in medical education: Brief history and methodology. Principles and Practice of Clinical Research. 1(2):56–63. 686. Jones, K.W. and Maulitz, R.C. 1998. Teaching the history of medicine in cyberspace. Bull Hist Med. 72(4):734–743. 687. Keys, T.E. 1955. Historical aspects of graduate medical education. J Med Educ. 30(5):256–264. 688. Knapman, W.B. 1950. The history of medical education. Med Illus. 4(12):613–617.

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General Medical Topics

689. Knapman, W.B. 1951. The history of medical education, part II. Med Illus. 5(1):35–41. 690. Library of Congress. 1956. Film Reference Guide for Medicine and Allied Sciences. Washington, D.C.: Interdepartmental Committee on Medical Training Aids. 691. Linzer, M. 1987. The journal club and medical education: Over one hundred years of unrecorded history. Postgrad Med J. 63(740):475–478. 692. Lister, J. 1994. The history of postgraduate medicine education. Postgrad Med J. 70(828):728. 693. Orifice, C. and Baños, J-E. 2018. The Role of Humanities in the Teaching of Medical Students (Monographs 38). Barcelona: Dr. Antoni Esteve Foundation. 694. Puschmann, T. 1891. A History of Medical Education from the Most Remote to the Most Recent Times (Translated and edited by Evan H. Hare). London: H.K. Lewis. 695. Ruis, A.R. and Golden, R.N. 2008. The schism between medical and public health education: A historical perspective. Acad Med. 83(12):1153–1157. 696. Russell, A.L.R., et al. 2020. Grand rounds; a precious resource to be nurtured. Pract Neurol. 20(5):1–3. 697. Sanazaro, P.J. and Hutchins, E.B. 1963. The origin and rationale of the medical college admission test. Acad Med. 38(12):1044–1050. 698. Sandal, S., et al. 2013. Can we make grand rounds “Grand” again? J Grad Med Educ. 5(4):560–563. 699. Shok, N.P. and Sergeeva, M.S. 2016. The history of medicine as an academic discipline: Traditions in clinical medical education and modern teaching methods. Hist Med. 3(1):46– 65. 700. Stanyon, M. and Khan, S.A. 2015. Requiem for the grand round. Clin Med. 15(1):10–11. 701. Stevens, R.A. 1978. Graduate medical education: A continuing history. Acad Med. 53(1):1–18. 702. ten Cate, O. and Billett, S. 2014. Competency-based medical education: Origins, perspectives, and potentialities. Med Educ. 48(3):325.

Health Equity and Equality

703. Van Hoof, T., et al. 2009. Improving medical grand rounds: Barriers to change. Connecticut Med. 73(9):545–551. 704. Weatherall, M.W. 1994. Science and/or medicine: The Cambridge medical curriculum controversy of the 1930s. J R Coll Physicians Lond. 28(2):157. 705. Weisz, G. 2003. The emergence of medical specialization in the 19th century. Bull Hist Med. 77:536–575. 706. Wentz, D.K. 2011. Continuing Medical Education: Looking Back, Planning Ahead. Hanover, NH: Dartmouth College Press. 707. Williams, R.H. 1958. Future training in medicine and medical specialties. JAMA. 167(2):192–199. 708. World Health Organization. 1958. Medical Education: Annotated Bibliography 1946–1955. Geneva. 709. Wynia, M.K. 2008. The short history and tenuous future of medical professionalism. Perspect Biol Med. 51(4):565–578.

Health Equity and Equality

710. Anthes, S and Crowe, L. 1993. Women and medicine: Ethical issues: A bibliographic review of selected books 1970–1990. Behav Soc Sci. 12(2):1–22. 711. Beagan, B.L. 2003. ‘Is this worth getting into a big fuss over? Everyday racism in medical school. Medical Educ. 37(10):852–860. 712. Bernier, L. 1994. A selected bibliography of human rights and the right to health. Health Hum Rights. 1(1):110–120. 713. Chaff, S.L., et al. 1977. Women in Medicine. A Bibliography of the Literature on Women Physicians. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press. 714. Daniel, H. and Butkus, R. 2015. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health disparities: Executive summary of a policy position paper from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 163(2):135. 715. Davies, M.J. 1997. Whose body? Recent historiography relating to women, health and the medical profession. Gender Hist. 9(2):380–384.

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General Medical Topics

716. Evans, M.K. 2020. Covid’s color line: Infectious disease, inequity, and racial justice. N Engl J Med. 383:408–410. 717. Fee, E. and Gonzalez, A.R. 2016. The history of health equity: Concept and vision. Diversity Equality Health Care. 14(3). 718. Geyer-Kordesch, J. 1987. Gender and society: The first female doctors and sociopolitical prejudices. Ber Wiss Gesch. 10(4):195–205. 719. Gravlee, C.C. and Sweet, E. 2008. Race, ethnicity, and racism in medical anthropology, 1977–2002. Med Anthropol Q. 22(1):27–51. 720. Hansen, B. 2002. Public careers and private sexuality: Some gay and lesbian lives in the history of medicine and public health. Am J Public Health. 92(1):36–44. 721. Harrington, J. Ed. 1997. Bones in The Basement: Postmortem Racism in Nineteenth-Century Medical Training. Washington and London: Smithsonian Institution Press. 722. Huang, J., et al. 2020. Historical comparison of gender inequality in scientific careers across countries and disciplines. PNAS. 117(9):4609–4616. 723. Hurd-Mead, K.C. 1938. A History of Women in Medicine. Haddam, CT: Haddam Press. 724. Jefferson, L., et al. 2015. Women in medicine: Historical perspectives and recent trends. Br Med Bull. 114:5–15. 725. Kato, Y., et al. 2004. Role of women in medicine: A look at the history, the present condition and the future status of women in the surgical field, especially neurosurgery. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 47(2):65–71. 726. Keil, G. 1986. The female in historical medicine. A critical study of the recent literature. I. MMW Fortschr Med. 104(33):51– 53. [German] 727. Keil, G. 1986. The female in historical medicine. A critical study of the recent literature. II. MMW Fortschr Med. 104(34):58– 59. [German] 728. King, G. 1996. Institutional racism and the medical/health complex: A conceptual analysis. Ethn Dis. 6(1–2):30–46. 729. Krishnan, A., et al. 2019. Addressing race, culture, and structural inequality in medical education: A guide for revising teaching cases. Acad Med. 94(4):550–555.

Health Equity and Equality

730. Macinko, J. and Starfield, B. 2002. Annotated bibliography of equity in health, 1980–2001. Int J Equity Health. 1:1. 731. Martins, A.P.V. 2020. Women, male doctors, and female historians: A historiographic essay on the history of women, medicine, and gender. História, Ciências, Saúde–Manguinhos. 27(1). 732. Mason, M.A. 2007. Equality in health: An annotated bibliography with resources on health disparities and cultural and linguistic competency. A Report prepared by the Association for the Study and Development of Community for the Colorado Trust. 733. McMahon, R. 2020. Resurrecting raciology? Genetic ethnology and pre-1945 anthropological race classification. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 83:101242. 734. Mead, K.C.H. 1938. A History of Women in Medicine: From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the 19th Century. Haddam, CT: Haddam Press. 735. Nettleton, S. 1996. Women and the new paradigm of health and medicine. Critical Social Policy. 16(48):33–53. 736. Nichols, F.H. 1999. History of the women’s health movement in the 20th century. JOGNN. 29(1):56–64. 737. Olayiwola, J.N. 2016. Racism in medicine: Shifting the power. Ann Fam Med. 14(3):267–269. 738. Poretsky, L. and Hembree, W.C. (Eds.). 2019. Transgender Medicine: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Humana Press. 739. Porter, S. 1993. Critical realist ethnography: The case of racism and professionalism in a medical setting. Sociology. 27(4):591–609. 740. Selmon, B.L. 1946. History of women in medicine. Med Womans J. 53:44–48. 741. Simpson, L.A. 1997. History of gay and lesbian physician groups. J Gay Lesbian Med Assoc. 1:61–63. 742. Stevens, P.E. and Hall, J.M. 1991. A critical historical analysis of the medical construction of lesbianism. Int J Health Serv. 21(2):291–307. 743. Stroumsa, D. 2014. The state of transgender health care: Policy, law, and medical frameworks. Am J Public Health. 104(3):e31–e38.

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744. Toman, L. 2019. Navigating medical culture and LGBTQ identity. Clinical Teacher. 16(4):335–338. 745. Turner, T.B. 1972. Women in medicine: A historical perspective. J Am Med Womens Assoc. 36(2):33–37. 746. Walsh, M.R. 1977. Doctors Wanted: No Women Need Apply: Sexual Barriers in the Medical Profession. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 747. Wright, K.W. 1956. History of women in medicine: A symposium, nineteen century or transitional period. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 44(1):6–22. 748. Yao, Q., et al. 2019. The historical roots and seminal research on health equity: A referenced publication year spectroscopy (RPYS) analysis. Int J Equity Health. 18:152.

Medical Errors, Ethics, and Jurisprudence

749. Algazy, J.I. 1996. Ethics or etiquette: The history and epidemiology of professional courtesy in medicine. Ph.D. Dissertation, Yale University, School of Medicine. 750. Ambady, N., et al. 2002. Surgeons’ tone of voice: A clue to malpractice history. Surgery. 132(1):5–9. 751. Annas, G.J. 2012. Doctors, patients, and lawyers: Two centuries of health law. N Engl J Med. 367:445–450. 752. Backof, J.F. and Martin, C.L., Jr. 1991. Historical perspectives: Development of the codes of ethics in the legal, medical and accounting professions. J Business Ethics. 10(2):99–110. 753. Beauchamp, T.L. 2011. Informed consent: Its history, meaning and present challenges. Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 20(4):515– 523. 754. Becker, K., et al. 2017. A four-part working bibliography of neuroethics: Part 4. Ethical issues in clinical and social applications of neuroscience. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 12:1. 755. Blain, C. and Mackay, M. 2002. Informed consent: the global picture. Br J Periop Nurs. 12(11):402–407. 756. Boyd, E.A. 1998, Bureaucratic authority in the ‘company of equals’: The interactional management of peer review. American Sociological Rev. 63:200–224.

Medical Errors, Ethics, and Jurisprudence

757. Brittain, R.P. 1962. Bibliography of Medico-Legal Works in English. London: Sweet & Maxwell Ltd. 758. Brown, B.A. 2003. The history of advance directives: A literature review. J Gerontol Nurs. 29(9):4–9. 759. Bucklin, R. 1975. Informed consent: Past, present, and future. Leg Med Annu. 1975:203–214. 760. Buniak, L., et al. 2014. A four-part working bibliography of neuroethics: Part 1. Overview and reviews – defining and describing the field and its practices. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 9:9. 761. Buniak, L., et al. 2015. A four-part working bibliography of neuroethics: Part 2. Neuroscientific studies of mortality and ethics. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 10:2. 762. Buniak, L., et al. 2016. A four-part working bibliography of neuroethics: Part 3. Second tradition neuroethics: Ethical issues in neuroscience. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 11:7. 763. Buniak, L., et al. 2017. A four-part working bibliography of neuroethics: Part 4. Ethical issues in clinical and social applications of neuroscience. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 12:1. 764. Burns, C.R. (Ed.). 1977. Legacies in Ethics and Medicine. New York: Science History Publications. 765. Chaillé, S.E. 1949. Origin and progress of medical jurisprudence 1776–1876. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology. 40(4):397–444. 766. Chandramohan, P. 2013. Ups and downs in the history of medical ethics. Arch Med Health Sci. 1(2):191–194. 767. Çipi, B. 2012. Ethical, juridical and historical aspects of medical confidentiality. JAHR. 3(5):139–146. 768. Coleman, A.M. 2013. Physician attitudes toward advanced directives: A literature review of variables impacting on physicians attitude toward advance directives. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 30(7):696–706. 769. Crawshaw, R. 1970. The contemporary use of medical oaths. J Chronic Dis. 23(3):145–150. 770. Darragh, M., et al. A four-part working bibliography of neuroethics: Part 2. Neuroscientific studies of morality and ethics. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 10:2.

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771. Davey, L.M. 2001. The oath of Hippocrates: An historical review. Neurosurgery. 49(3):554–566. 772. del Carmen, M.G. and Joffe, S. 2005. Informed consent for medical treatment and research: A review. Oncologist. 10:636–641. 773. DeVita, M.A. and Aulisio, M.P. 2001. The ethics of medical mistakes: Historical, legal, and institutional perspectives. Kennedy Institute of Ethics J. 11(2):115–116. 774. Dhillon, B.S. and Rajendran, M. 2003. Human error in health care systems: Bibliography. International Journal of Reliability Quality, and Safety Engineering. 10:99–118. 775. Donnison, J. 1977. Midwives and Medical Men: A History of Inter-Professional Rivalries and Women’s Rights. New York: Schocken Books. 776. Dunn, P.M., et al. 1994. Medical ethics: An annotated bibliography. Ann Intern Med. 121(8):627–632. 777. Emanuel, E.J. and Emanuel, L.L. 1990. Living wills: Past, present, and future. J Clin Ethics. 1(1):9–19. 778. Etziony, M.B. 1973. The Physician’s Creed: An Anthology of Medical Prayers, Oaths, and Codes of Ethics Written and Recited by Medical Practitioners through the Ages. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 779. Faden, R.R. and Beauchamp, T.L. 1986. A History and Theory of Informed Consent. New York: Oxford University Press. 780. Fan, R. and Li, B. 2004. Truth telling in medicine: The Confucian view. J Med Philos. 29(2):179–193. 781. Ferguson, A.H. 2015. The role of history in debates regarding the boundaries of medical confidentiality and privacy. J Med Law Ethics. 3(1–2):65–81. 782. FitzGerald, C. and Hurst, S. 2017. Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: A systematic review. BMC Med Ethics. 18:19. 783. Flint, A. 1883. Medical Ethics and Etiquette. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 784. Fox, D.M. 1979. The segregation of medical ethics: A problem in intellectual history. J Med Philos. 3:81–97. 785. Fox, E., et al. 1995. Medical ethics education: Past, present, and future. Acad Med. 70(9):761–769.

Medical Errors, Ethics, and Jurisprudence

786. Gore, D.C. and Gregory, S.R. 2003. Historical perspective on medical errors: Richard Cabot and the Institute of Medicine (editorial). J Am Coll Surg. 197(4):609–611. 787. Gorowitz, S., et al. (Eds.). 1976. Moral Problems in Medicine. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall Inc. 788. Greaves, D. 1989. The future prospects for living wills. J Med Ethics. 15(4):179–182. 789. Gupta, S.K. 2015. Hippocrates and the Hippocratic oath. J Pract Cardiovasc Sci. 1(1):81–86. 790. Hajar, R. 2017. The physician’s oath: Historical perspectives. Heart Views. 18(4):154–159. 791. Hammack, J.M. 1993. The antitrust laws and the medical peer review process. J Contemporary Health Law Policy. 9(1):419– 450. 792. Hashem, A., et al. 2003. Medical errors as a result of specialization. J Biomed Inform. 36(1–2):61–69. 793. Higgins, G.L. 1989. The history of confidentiality in medicine. Can Fam Physician. 35:921–926. 794. Horttor, B.J. 1998. A survey of living will and advanced health care directives. ND Law Rev. 74(2):233–293. 795. Hulkower, R. 2010. The history of the Hippocratic Oath: Outdated, inauthentic, and yet still relevant (commentary). Einstein J Biol Med. 25/26:41–44. 796. Jakobovits, I. 1959. Jewish Medical Ethics: A Comparative and Historical Study of the Jewish Religious Attitude to Medicine and its Practice. New York: Bloch Publishing Co. 797. Jensen, A.B. 1990. Informed consent: Historical background and current problems. Ugeskr Laeger. 152(48):3591–3593. [Danish] 798. Johnson, D.A. 2019. Finding historical context in medical regulation: A bibliographical guide. J Med Regulation. 105(4):17–22. 799. Jonsen, A.R. 1988. The Birth of Bioethics. Oxford University Press. 800. Jonsen, A.R. 2000. A Short History of Medical Ethics. Oxford University Press.

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801. Jonsen, A.R., et al. 1980. The ethics of medicine. An annotated bibliography of recent literature. Ann Intern Med. 92(1):136– 141. 802. Kapp, M.B. 1986. A history and theory of informed consent. J Legal Med. 7(3):397–402. 803. Kass, J.S. and Rose, R.V. 2016. Medical malpractice reform: Historical approaches, alternative models, and communication and resolution programs. AMA J Ethics. 18(3):299–310. 804. Keränen, L. 2001. The Hippocratic Oath as epideictic rhetoric: reanimating medicine’s past for its future. J Med Humanit. 22(1):55–68. 805. Klaas, P.B., et al. 2014. When patients are harmed, but are not wronged: Ethics, law, and history. Mayo Clin Proc. 89:1279– 1286. 806. Kumar, A. 2010. Hippocratic oath, 21st century. Indian J Surg. 72(2):171–175. 807. Maehle, A-H. 2015. Preserving confidentiality or obstructing justice: Historical perspectives on a medical privilege in court. J Med Law Ethics. 3(1–2):91–108. 808. Majumdar, S.K. 2003. History of evolution of the concept of medical ethics. Bull Ind Inst Hist Med. 33:17–31. 809. Mallardi, V. 2005. The origin of informed consent. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 25(5):312–327. [Italian] 810. Martin, A., et al. A four-part working bibliography of neuroethics: Part 3. “Second tradition neuroethics” – ethical issues in neuroscience. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 11:7. 811. McCullough, L.B. 2011. Was bioethics founded on historical and conceptual mistakes about medical paternalism? Bioethics. 25(2):66–74. 812. McCullough, L.B. 2018. Historical Dictionary of Medical Ethics. Rowman & Littlefield. 813. Moffett, P. and Moore, G. 2011. The standard of care: Legal history and definitions: The bad and good news. West J Emerg Med. 12(1):109–112. 814. Moore, I.N., et al. 2006. Rethinking peer review: Detecting and addressing medical malpractice claims risk. Vanderbilt Law Review. 59(4):1175–1206.

Medical Errors, Ethics, and Jurisprudence

815. Murray, P.M. 1990. The history of informed consent. Iowa Orthop J. 10:104–109. 816. Nelson-Martin, P. and Rich, B. 1999. A historical perspective of informed consent in clinical and practice research. Semin Oncol Nurs. 15:81–88. 817. Olsen, R.N. 1996. The reform of medical malpractice law: Historical perspectives. American Journal of Economic Sociology. 55(3):257–275. 818. Ordronaux, J. 1868. History and Philosophy of Medical Jurisprudence. NY: Columbia College. 819. Pellegrino, E.D. 2012. Medical ethics in an era of bioethics: resetting the medical profession’s compass. Theor Med Bioeth. 33(1):21–24. 820. Petrini, C. 2009. A bibliography concerning informed consent and biobanking: Documents from national and international bodies. J Int Bioethique. 20(3):97–152. 821. Price, K. 2010. Towards a history of medical negligence. Lancet. 375(9710):192–193. 822. Prioreschi, P. 1995. The Hippocratic Oath: A code for physicians, not a Pythagorean manifesto. Med Hypotheses. 44(6):447–462. 823. Rakover, N. 1995. Bibliography of medical ethics. Assia Jew Med Ethics. 2(2):53–58. 824. Rieder, P., et al. 2016. The end of medical confidentiality? Patients, physicians, and the state in history. J Med Humanit. 42:149–154. 825. Rheinsberg, Z., et al. 2018. Medical oath: Use and relevance of the Declaration of Geneva. A survey of member organizations of the World Medical Association. Med Health Care Philos. 21(2):189–196. 826. Sankar, P., et al. 2003. Patient perspectives of medical confidentiality: A review of the literature. J Gen Intern Med. 18(8):659–669. 827. Schleiner, W.1995. Medical Ethics in the Renaissance. Washington, D.G: Georgetown University Press. 828. Seto, B. 2001. History of medical ethics and perspectives on disparities in minority recruitment and involvement in health research. Am J Med Sci. 322(5):246–250.

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829. Sharpe, V.A., et al. 1998. Medical Harm: Historical, Conceptual and Ethical Dimensions of Iatrogenic Illness. Cambridge University Press. 830. Smith, D.C. 1996. The Hippocratic Oath and modern medicine. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 51(4):484–500. 831. Smith, H.W. 1946. Bibliography of books dealing with problems of joint interest to the legal and medical professions. North Carolina Law Review. 24(2):202–220. 832. Smith, L. 2008. A brief history of medicine’s Hippocratic Oath, or how times have changed. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 139(1):1–4. 833. Sohl, P. and Bassford, H.A. 1986. Codes of medical ethics: Traditional foundations and contemporary practice. Soc Sci Med. 22(11):1175–1179. 834. Thomasma, D.C. and Pellegrino, E.D. 1981. Philosophy of medicine as the source for medical ethics. Metamedicine. 2(1):5–11. 835. Unknown Author. 1974. Medical Malpractice: A Selected Annotated Bibliography. Silver Spring, MD: Macro Systems. 836. Wittich, C.M., et al. 2014. Medication errors: An overview for clinician. Mayo Clin Proc. 89(8):1116–1125. 837. Wolf, S.M., et al. 2018. The past, present, and future of informed consent in research and translational medicine. J Law Med Ethics. 46(1):7–11.

Section 3

Medical Devices, Equipment, and Instruments

Although the healing hands of medical professionals are key to the maintenance and repair of the human mind and body, much of their success is based on the use of devices, equipment, and instruments; some whose earliest expression date to antiquity. Innovation in medical devices and equipment is incremental and builds on previous ideas and patents. Innovation is also driven by unfortunate events such as war but also on great achievements such as space exploration. This section begins by citing documents pertaining to the history of medical devices, equipment, and instruments from a general or broad perspective. Thereafter, cited documents are based on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Product Code Classification Database which includes nearly 2,000 distinct devices organized into 19 classification panels. Due to the paucity of pertinent historical information, the classifications of Microbiology, Pathology, and Toxicology are merged into one category. To learn about the history of medical imaging please refer to Section 7, Sub-section, Medical Imaging (including Surgical Applications). From Hippocrates to COVID-19: A Bibliographic History of Medicine Dale A. Stirling Copyright © 2023 Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. ISBN 978-981-4968-35-5 (Hardcover), 978-1-003-28278-5 (eBook) www.jennystanford.com

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General History 838. Bennion, E. 1979. Antique Medical Instruments. Berkeley: University of California Press. 839. Bronzino, J.D. 2006. Medical Devices and Systems. CRC Press. 840. Davim, J.P. (Ed.). 2012. The Design and Manufacture of Medical Devices. Sawston, Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Ltd. 841. Davis, A.B. 1978. Historical studies of medical instruments. Hist Sci. 16:107–133. 842. Dhillon, B.S. and McCrea, J.L. 1980. Bibliography of literature on medical equipment reliability. Microelectronics Reliability. 20(5):737–742. 843. Ekelman, K.B. (Ed.). 1988. New Medical Devices: Invention, Development and Use. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. 844. Greene, V.W. 1986. Reuse of disposable medical devices: Historical and current aspects. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 7(10):508–513. 845. Hedley-Whyte, J. and Milamed, D.R. 1999. Equipment standards: History, litigation, and advice. Ann Surg. 230(1):120–127. 846. Heerman, R.E. 1946. Equipment, in tomorrow’s hospital. Hospitals. 20(7):61. 847. Hunter, T.B. and Lund, P. 1997. Gallery of medical devices. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 26(3):114–152. 848. Hutt, P.B. 1989. A history of government regulation of adulteration and misbranding of medical devices. Food Drug Cosm Law J. 44:99. 849. Markiewicz, K., et al. 2014. Medical devices early assessment methods: Systematic literature review. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 30(2):137–146. 850. Medina Doménech, R. and Navarro, A.M. 2004. Medical technologies in the contemporary world: An historical approach from the peripheries. Dynamis. 24:15–26. [Spanish] 851. Mendonca, R. 2005. Measuring Accessible Medical Instrumentation: Annotated Bibliography. Milwaukee: University of Wisconsin, Rehabilitation Research Design & Disability Center.

Anesthesiology

852. Monsein, L.H. 1997. Primer on medical device regulation. Part I. History and background. Radiology. 205(1):1–9. 853. Reynolds & Branson. 1887. Handy Guide to Surgical Instruments and Medical Appliances. Leeds: Reynolds & Branson. 854. Roma, M.S.G. and de Vilhena Garcia, E. 2020. Medical device usability: Literature review, current status, and challenges. Research on Biomedical Engineering. 36:163–170. 855. Stanton, J. 1999. Making sense of technologies in medicine. Soc Hist Med. 12(3):437–448. 856. Timmerman, C. and Anderson, J. 2006. Devices and Designs: Medical Technologies in Historical Perspective. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 857. Timmermans, S. and Berg, M. 2003. The practice of medical technology. Sociol Health Illn. 25:97–114. 858. Xue, L., et al. 2008. The design evolution of medical devices: Moving from object to user. Journal of Design Research. 7(4):411–438.

Anesthesiology 859. Calthorpe, N. 2004. The history of spinal needles. Anaesthesia. 59(12):1231–1241. 860. Chowdhury, O., et al. 2012. CPAP review. Eur J Pediatr. 171(10):1441–1448. 861. Downes, J.J. 1976. CPAP and PEEP: A perspective. Anesthesiology. 44(1):1–5. 862. Hayes, B. 1982. Ventilation and ventilators. J Med Eng Technol. 6(5):177–192. 863. Hewitt, R.L. and Creech, O., Jr. 1966. History of the pump oxygenator. Arch Surg. 93(4):680–696. 864. Petty, T.L. 1988. The modern evolution of mechanical ventilation. Clin Chest Med. 9(1):1–10. 865. Slutsky, A.S. 2015. History of mechanical ventilation: From Vesalius to ventilator-induced lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 19(10):1106–1114.

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866. Spriggs, E.A. 1977. John Hutchinson, the inventor of the spirometer: His north country background, life in London, and scientific achievements. Med Hist. 21(4):357–364. 867. Teschler, H. and Berthon-Jones, M. 1998. Intelligent CPAP systems: Clinical experience. Thorax. 53(S3):S49–S54. 868. Valentinuzzi, M.E. and Johnston, R. 2014. Spirometry: A historical gallery up to 1905 [Retrospectroscope]. IEEE Pulse. 5(1):73–76.

Cardiovascular 869. Ailawadi, G., et al. 2010. The legends behind cardiothoracic surgical instruments. Ann Thorac Surg. 89:1693–700. 870. Bocka, J.J. 1989. Automatic external defibrillators. Ann Emerg Med. 18(12):1264–1268. 871. Bocka, J.J. 1989. External transcutaneous pacemakers. Ann Emerg Med. 18(12):1280–1286. 872. Bohannon, R.W.1993, Biomedical applications of hand-held force gauges: A bibliography. Percept Mot Skills. 77(1):235– 242. 873. Booth, J. 1977. A short history of blood pressure measurement. Proc R Soc Med. 70(11):793–799. 874. Borhani, S., et al. 2018. Cardiovascular stents: Overview, evolution, and next generation. Prog Biomater. 7:175–205. 875. Cannom, D.S. 2013. History of the syncope in the cardiac literature. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 55(4):334–338. 876. Chatterjee, K. 2009. The Swan-Ganz catheters: Past, present, and future: A viewpoint. Circulation. 119(1):147–152. 877. Della Badia, C., et al. 2007. Endometrial ablation devices: Review of a manufacturer and user facility device experience database. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 14(4):436–441. 878. DeWall, R.A. 2003. Origin of the helical reservoir bubble oxygenator heart-lung machine. Perfusion. 18(3):163–169. 879. Elmqvist R. 1978. Review of early pacemaker development. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1(4):535–536. 880. Erglis, A. 2010. Coronary guidewires. EuroIntervention. 6(1):168–169.

Cardiovascular

881. Floyer, J. 1707. The Physician’s Pulse Watch (2 Volumes). London: S. Smith & B. Walford. 882. Fou, A.A. 1997. John H. Gibbon. The first 20 years of the heartlung machine. Tex Heart Inst J. 24(1):1–8. 883. Frazier, S.K. and Skinner, G.J. 2008. Pulmonary artery catheters: State of the controversy. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 23(2):113–121. 884. Fujikura, T. Heart-lung machine: Its history and present status. Kyobu Geka. 28(6):436–437. [Japanese] 885. Gibbon, J.H., Jr. 1970. The development of the heart-lung apparatus. Rev Surg. 27(4):231–244. 886. Haddad, S.A., et al. 2006. The evolution of pacemakers. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag. 25(3):38–48. 887. Haemmerich, D., et al. 2005. Thermal tumor ablation: Devices, clinical applications, and future directions. Int J Hyperthermia. 21(8):755–760. 888. Hill, J.D. 1982. John H. Gibbon, Jr. Part 1. The development of the first successful heart-lung machine. Ann Thorac Surg. 34(3):337–341. 889. Ho, M-Y., et al. 2016. The development of coronary artery stents: From bare-metal to bio-resorbable types. Metals. 6:168. 890. Introcaso, L. 1996. The history of blood pressure determination: 100 years of the sphygmomanometer. Arq Bras Cardiol. 67(5):305–311. [Portuguese] 891. Iqbal, J., et al. 2013. Coronary stents: Historical development, current status and future directions. Br Med Bull. 106:193– 211. 892. Kouwenhoven, W.B. 1969. The development of the defibrillator. Ann Intern Med. 71(3):449–458. 893. Leared, A. 1856. On the self-adjusting double stethoscope. Lancet. 2(138):202. 894. Love, J.W., et al. 1975. The Johns Hopkins rechargeable pacemaker. Historical aspect. JAMA. 234(1):64–66. 895. Matchet, M., et al. 2014. The implantable cardioverter defibrillator: Its history, current psychological impact and future. Expert Rev Med Devices. 6(1):43–50.

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896. Mazurka, M. and Kusa, J. 2020. Milestone in congenital cardiac surgery: 65 years of the heart-lung machine. Arch Dis Child. 105(1):92–94. 897. Miller, B.J. 1982. The development of heart lung machines. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 154(3):403–414. 898. Muntner, P., et al. 2019. Measurement of blood pressure in humans: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension. 73:e35–e66. 899. O’Brien, E. and Fitzgerald, D. 1994. The history of blood pressure measurement. J Hum Hypertens. 8:73–84. 900. O’Hearn, P. 1996. Early defibrillation: Lessons learned. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 10(4):24–36. 901. Rivera, A.M., et al. 2005. The history of peripheral intravenous catheters: How little plastic tubes revolutionized medicine. Acta Anaesth Belg. 56(3):271. 902. Sakula, A. 1993. Laennec and the invention of the stethoscope. J Med Biogr. 1(2):113–116. 903. Sarkissian, C., et al. 2012. Systematic evaluation of hybrid guidewires. Urology. 79(3):513–517. 904. Schmidt, T. and Abbott, J.D. 2018. Coronary stents: History, design and construction. J Clin Med. 7(6):126. 905. Schröder, J. 1993. The mechanical properties of guidewires. Part I: Stiffness and torsional strength. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 16(1):43–46. 906. Schröder, J. 1993. The mechanical properties of guidewires. Part II: Kinking resistance. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 16(1):47–48. 907. Schröder, J. 1993. The mechanical properties of guidewires. Part III: Sliding friction. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 16(2):93–97. 908. Somogyi, L., et al. 2007. Guidewires for use in GI endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 65(4):571–576. 909. TenHoff, H., et al. 1997. Technical aspects of ultrasound imaging guidewires. Semin Interv Cardiol. 2(1):63–68. 910. Tsyrlin, V.A., et al. 2016. The history of blood pressure measurement: From Hales to our days. Arterial’ naya Gipertenziya. 22(2):144–152. [Russian/English]

Dental

911. Wilkinson, K.D. 1924. The clinical use of the sphygmomanometer. BMJ. 2(3339):189–191. 912. Zoll, P.M. 1972. Historical development of cardiac pacemakers. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 14(5):421–429.

Clinical Chemistry 913. Armburster, D.A., et al. 2014. Clinical chemistry laboratory automation in the 21st century: Amat Victoria curan (Victory loves careful preparation). Clin Biochem Rev. 35(3):143–153. 914. Broughton, P.M.G. 1974. Instrumentation: Past and present. Ann Clin Biochem. 11(5):146–149. 915. Elin, R.J. 1980. Instrumentation in clinical chemistry. Science. 210(4467):286–289. 916. Haas, R.G. 1993. Clinical instrumentation. Anal Chem. 65(12):444–449. 917. Hjelm, M. 1983. Characteristics and attributes of instruments intended for automated analysis in clinical chemistry. Pure Appl Chem. 55(6):1041–1048. 918. Olukoga, A.O., et al. 1997. Laboratory instrumentation in clinical biochemistry: An historical perspective. J R Soc Med. 90:570–577.

Dental 919. Coyler, F. 1973. Old Instruments Used for Extracting Teeth. Boston: Milford House, Inc. 920. Duggan, T. 1967. Dental equipment. The wind of change. J Irish Dent Assoc. 13(3):71–3. 921. Glenner, R.A. 1973. The dental chair: A brief pictorial history. J Am Dent Assoc. 88:712–727, 922. Glenner, R.A. 1974. Development of the dental drill. J Am Dent Assoc. 88:712–727. 923. Golden, A.L. 1990. Problems with dental equipment and materials. Probl Vet Med. 2(1):1–22. 924. Hagman, H.C. 1979. The history of dentures, Part 1. Dent Lab Rev. 54(3):24–29.

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925. Hagman, H.C. 1979. The history of dentures, Part 3. Dent Lab Rev. 54(5):24–25, 41. 926. Jahn, C.A. 2010. The dental water jet: A historical review of the literature. J Dent Hyg. 84(3):114–120. 927. Judit, F. 2010. The beauty of dentistry’s tools in the 19th century. Journal of History of Culture, Science & Medicine. 1(1):39–46. 928. Kilpatrick, H.C. 1966. Present and future functional dental equipment: A progress report. J Am Dent Assoc. 72(6):1348– 1361. 929. Kimmel, K. 1966. Classification of dental equipment: Units and functional combinations. Rev Belg Med Dent. 21(6):647– 658. 930. König, K.G., et al. 2000. Dental equipment in the twentieth century 1. Preventive dentistry. Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd. 107(1):15–18. [Dutch] 931. Pickles, T.H. 1969. A review of the status of portable dental equipment. J Public Health Dent. 29(1):19–23. 932. Rosen, L.J. 1985. Fifty years of dentistry: Dental techniques— dental equipment. J Can Dent Assoc. 51(1):59–61. 933. Stuntman, P. 1970. The development of dental equipment. McGill Dent Rev. 32(4):34–41.

Ear, Nose, and Throat 934. Brody-Camp, S.A., et al. 2019. Historical instruments for the modern sinus surgeon. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 33(2):220–225. 935. Chumakov, F.I. and Chkannikov, A.N. 1997. On the history of mechanical hearing aids. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 5:56–58. [Russian] 936. Eshraghi, A.A., et al. 2012. The cochlear implant: Historical aspects and future prospects. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 295(11):1967–1980. 937. Hansson, H. and Andersson, B. 1995. History of hearing perception. Different shapes of hearing aids: From the “cupped hand” to cochlear implants. Lakartidningen. 92(51– 52):4891–4896. [Swedish]

Gastroenterology and Urology

938. Ito, T., et al. 2019. The role of powered surgical instruments in ear surgery: An acoustical blessing or a curse? Appl Sci. 9:765. 939. Kranz, F.W. 1963. Audiometer: Principles and history. Sound. 2(2):20–32. 940. Levitt, H. 2007. A historical perspective on digital hearing aids. Trends in Amplification. 11(1):7–24. 941. Lybarger, S.F. et al. 1999. A bit of history on standards for acoustical measurements of hearing aids. Am J Audiol. (1):3– 5. 942. Macfarlan, D. 1939. History of audiometry. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 29(3):514–519. 943. Mudry, A, and Dodelé, L. 2000. History of the technological development of air conduction hearing aids. J Laryngol Otol. 114(6):418–423. 944. Owen, G.R. 1939. The microphone, stethoscope, telephone, and artificial aids to hearing: Their historical relationship. Cal West Med. 51(3):169–171. 945. Stephens, S.D.G. 1979. Audiometers from Hughes to modern times. Br J Audiology. 13(S2):17–23.

Gastroenterology and Urology

946. Abdel-Halim, R.E. 1990. Urethral catheters: A historical review. Saudi Med J. 11:87–88. 947. Carr, H.A. 2000. A short history of the Foley catheter: From handmade instrument to infection-prevention device. J Endourol. 14:5–8. 948. Carr, J.A. 1950. Urological scales. J Urol. 22(3):234–237. 949. Lawrence, E.L. and Turner, I.G. 2005. Materials for urinary catheters: A review of their history and development in the UK. Med Eng Phys. 27(6):443–453. 950. Marino, R.A., et al. 1993. History of urethral catheters and their balloons: Drainage, anchorage, dilation, and hemostasis. J Endourol. 7(2):89–92. 951. Mattelaer, J.J. and Billiet, I. 1995. Catheters and sounds: The history of bladder catheterisation. Spinal Cord. 33(8):429– 433.

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General and Plastic Surgery 952. Adams, L.W., et al. 2016. Uncovering the history of operating room attire through photographs. Anesthesiology. 124(1):19– 24. 953. Barac, I.R. and Pop, M. 2012. Artificial drainage devices: History, indications. Oftalmologia. 56(1):3–7. [Romanian] 954. Belkin, N.L. 1998. Surgical scrubs: Where we were, where we are going. Today’s Surgical Nurse. 20(2):28–34. 955. Belkin, N.L. 2002. A historical review of barrier materials. AORN J. 76(4):648–653. 956. Bibbings, J.M. 1986. The history of wound dressings. Nursing (Lond). 3(5):169–173. 957. Bishop, W.J. 1959. A History of Surgical Dressings. Chesterfield: Robinson & Sons Ltd. 958. Castaneda, A. 1961. Historical development of the surgical mask. Surgery. 49(3):423–428. 959. Ellis, H. 2008. Evolution of the surgical glove. J Am Coll Surg. 207(6):948–950. 960. Elliott, I.M.Z. and Elliott, J.R. 1964. A Short History of Surgical Dressings. London: The Pharmaceutical Press. 961. Forrai, J. 2009. Evolution of surgical instruments. Lege Artis Med. 19(3):242–245. [Hungarian] 962. Glass, L.K. 1998. History corner: Wash the sand out of sponges. AORN J. 68(1):114. 963. Glass, L.K. 1998. History corner: Pros and cons of counting sponges. AORN J. 68(3):442. 964. Hardy, S. and Corones, A. 2015. Dressed to heal: The changing semiotics of surgical dress. Fashion Theory. 20(1):27–49. 965. Hermann, E.K. 1992. The dying art of bandaging. West J Nurs Res. 14(6):791–795. 966. Hochberg, M.S. 2007. The doctor’s white coat: An historical perspective. AMA J Ethics. 9(4):310–314. 967. Hogan, B. and Samaranayake, L.P. 1990. The surgical mask unmasked: A review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 70(1):34–36. 968. Iveson-Iveson J. 1976. The development of surgical dressings. Nurs Mirror Midwives J. 142(26):63.

General and Plastic Surgery

969. Jelenko, C. 3rd., et al. 1968. The evolution of adhesive tape. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 126(5):1083–1088. 970. Johnson, A. 1992. A short history of wound dressings: From animal grease and lint to hydrocolloids and alginates. Ostomy Wound Manag. 38(2):36–40. 971. Jonas, A.F. 1956. The history of plaster of Paris bandages. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 102(2):249–52. 972. Jones, C.L. 2018. Surgical instruments: History and historiography. In: Schlich, T. (Ed.) The Palgrave Handbook of the History of Surgery (pp. 235–257). Palgrave Macmillan. 973. Jones, V.J. 2006. The use of gauze: will it ever change? Int Wound J. 3(2):79–86. 974. Kirkup, J. 1981. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. I. Introduction. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 63(4):279– 285. 975. Kirkup, J. 1982. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. II. Origins: Function: Carriage: Manufacture. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 64(2):125–132. 976. Kirkup, J. 1983. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. III. Handles. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 65(4):269– 273. 977. Kirkup, J. 1985. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. IV. Probes and their allies. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 67(1):56–60. 978. Kirkup, J. 1986. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. V. Needles and their penetrating derivatives. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 68(1):29–33. 979. Kirkup, J. 1995. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. VI. The surgical blade: From fingernail to ultrasound. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 77:380–388. 980. Kirkup, J. 1996. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. VII. Spring forceps, hooks, and simple retractors. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 78(6):544–552. 981. Kirkup, J.1998. Surgical history. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. VIII. Catheters, hollow needles, and other tubular instruments. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 80(2):81– 90.

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982. Kirkup, J. 1998. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. IX. Scissors and related pivot-controlled cutting instruments. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 80(6):422. 983. Kirkup, J. 1999. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. X. Clamps, haemostats and related pivotcontrolled forceps. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 81(6):420–428. 984. Kirkup, J. 2002. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. XI. Retractors, dilators and related inset pivoting instruments. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 84(3):149–155. 985. Kragh, J.F., Jr., et al. 2012. Historical review of emergency tourniquet use to stop bleeding. Am J Surg. 203(2):242–252. 986. Lucas, J. 1788. Remarks on elastic bandages. Lond Med J. 9(Pt1):44–48. 987. Mackenzie, D. 1973. The history of sutures. Med Hist. 17(2):158–168. 988. Milne, J.S. 1907. Surgical Instruments in Greek and Roman Times. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 989. Paul, S., et al. 2014. Tourniquet use in civil and military medicines. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 33(4):248–255. [French] 990. Robinson, J.O. 1986. Surgical drainage: An historical perspective. BJS Open. 73(6):422–426. 991. Rodrigues O’Donnell, V., et al. 2019. A brief history of medical uniforms: From ancient history to the COVID-19 time. Rev Col Bras Cir. 47:e20202597. 992. Schwartz, A. 1994. Historical and veterinary perspectives of surgical stapling. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 24(2):225–246 993. Shooter, R.A., et al. 1959. A study of surgical masks. Br J Surg. 47:246–249. 994. Spooner, J.L. 1967. History of surgical face masks. AORN J. 5(1):76–80. 995. Stangl, T. 1973. History and development of surgical suture materials. Osterr Schwesternztg. 26(1):9–19. [German] 996. Strasser, B.J. and Schlich, T. 2020. A history of the medical mask and the rise of throwaway culture. Lancet. 396:19–20. 997. Suprun, N., et al. 2003. Some aspects of medical clothing manufacturing. International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology. 15(3/4):224–230.

General Hospital

998. Thompson, C.J.S. 1942. The History and Evolution of Surgical Instruments. New York: Schuman’s. 999. Tsoucalas, G. and Sgantzos, M. 2017. A historical glance at the Arabo-Islamic surgical instruments during the ages. World J Surg. 41(6):1636–1645. 1000. Vera, C.M., et al. 2016. Laundering methods for reusable surgical scrubs: A literature review. AANA J. 84(4):246–252. 1001. Watret, L. and White, R. 2001. Surgical wound management: The role of dressings. Nurs Stand. 15(44):59–62. 1002. Welling, D.R., et al. 2012. A brief history of the tourniquet. J Vasc Surg. 55(1):286–290. 1003. Weston-Davies, W.H. 1989. The surgical instrument maker: An historical perspective. J R Soc Med. 82(1):40–43. 1004. Yu, G.V., et al. 2002. The Jones compression bandage. Review and clinical applications. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 92(4):221– 231.

General Hospital

1005. Bouchet, A. 1999. Brief history of the hospital bed. Annales de chirurgie. 53(1):81–84. [French] 1006. Branson, H.K. 1964. The bedpan reconsidered. Hosp Manag. 98:78. 1007. Ceccio, C.M. 1990. Understanding therapeutic beds. Orthop Nurs. 9(3):57–70. 1008. Charache, H. 1947. The bedpan. Medical World (NY). 160(11):669. 1009. Chavez-Alvarez, S., et al. 2017. Classic medical tools for the prevention of adverse technology-associated events: Tongue depressors and lasers. J Am Acad Dermatol. 76(6):e205– e206. 1010. Coleman, V. 1974. The history of the syringe. Nurs Mirror Midwives J. 139(23):57. 1011. Darmady, E.M., et al. 1961. Disinfection of bedpans. J Clin Pathol. 14(1):66–68. 1012. Ellis, H. 2017. Alexander Wood: Inventor of the hypodermic syringe and needle. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 78(11):647.

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1013. Gailani, D.M., et al. 1958. A history of the hospital bed. Hospitals. 32(20):38–42. 1014. Hatcher, J. 1974. Evolution of the hypodermic. Midwives Chronicle. 87(33):64. 1015. Kamiki, T. 1967. Principles of operation and use of autoclaves. Kangogaku Zasshi. 31(8):62–66. 1016. Monica, W.S. 1971. Oddities: The hypodermic syringe. Bulletin of the Essex County Dental Society. 39(1):12–13. 1017. Monica, W.S. 1975. The hypodermic syringe: Tale of trial and error. Dent Surv. 51(10):56. 1018. Myers, K. 2019. A history of injection treatments: The syringe. Phlebology. 34(5):294–302. 1019. Noyes, B. 1936. The history of the thermometer and the sphygmomanometer. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 24(3):155–165. 1020. Pearce, J.M.S. 2002. A brief history of the clinical thermometer. Quarterly Journal of Medicine. 95:251–252. 1021. Schuessler, C.F. 1948. Development of a lightweight ward bed. Quarterly Research Report. 60:41. 1022. Stoffers, K.W. and Oldroyd, S.B. 1968. Early development of the hypodermic syringe. Dent Stud. 46(6):443–444. 1023. Taylor, R.C. 1957. Hospital autoclaves. NZ Med J. 56(315):523– 524. 1024. Vanitalie, P.H. 1965. History of syringes and injection therapy. SD J Med Pharm. 18:34–37. 1025. Wells, R.T. 1948. An international standard for stretchers. BMJ. 1(4564):1246. 1026. Wright, W.F. 2016. Early evolution of the thermometer and application to clinical medicine. J Therm Biol. 56:18–30. 1027. Wyplosz, J. 203. Who invented the hollow needle? Rev Prat. 53(10):1154–1157. [French] 1028. Zhang, M.M., et al. 2008. Key technologies of medical insulation blankets. Development Innovation of Machinery and Electrical Products. 11(6):51–53.

Hematology 1029. Allison, F.S. 1983. An historical review of quality control in hematology. Am J Med Technol. 49(9):625–632.

Immunology

1030. Dondelinger, R.M. 2010. Centrifuges: Take a spin. Biomed Instrum Technol. 44(4):309–312. 1031. Green, R. and Wachsmann-Hogiu, S. 2015. Development, history, and future of automated cell counters. Clin Lab Med. 35(1):1–10. 1032. Iwahashi, H., et al. 2004. Development of the oxygenator: Past, present, and future. J Artif Organs. 7:111–120. 1033. Lehner, J., et al. 2007. Automation in hematology. Transfus Med Hemother. 34:328–339. [German Abstract/English] 1034. Ribatti, D. 2018. The staining of mast cells: A historical overview. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 176:55–60. 1035. Robinson, J.P. 2013. Wallace H. Coulter: Decades of invention and discovery. Cytometry A. 83A:424–438. 1036. Shinton, N.K., et al. 1982. Guidelines for the evaluation of instruments used in haematology laboratories. J Clin Pathol. 35:1095–1102. 1037. Titford, M. 2005. The long history of hematoxylin. Biotech Histochem. 80(2):73–78. 1038. Voroshilov, V.I. 1974. Modern laboratory centrifuges. Med Sestra. 33(8):45–40. 1039. Wilcox, S.E. 1999. Automating the hematology laboratory: The Coulter legacy. Lab Med. 30(5):358–360.

Immunology

1040. Coons, A.H. 1961. The beginnings of immunofluorescence. J Immunol. 87:499–503. 1041. Feyzkhanova, G.U., et al. 2014. Development of hydrogel biochip for in vitro allergy diagnostics. J Immunol Methods. 406:51–57. 1042. Khadra, M., et al. 2000. Development and evaluation of a micropipette tip washing system. J Immunol Methods. 242(1–2):1–8. 1043. Merrill, S.J. 1998. Computational models in immunological methods: An historical review. J Immunol Methods. 216(1–2):69–92.

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Microbiology, Pathology, and Toxicology 1044. Bourbeau, P.P. and Ledeboer, N.A. 2013. Automation in clinical microbiology. J Clin Microbiol. 51(6):1658–1665. 1045. Moodley, N., et al. 2015. Historical perspectives in clinical pathology: A history of glucose measurement. J Clin Pathol. 68(4):258–264. 1046. Parslow, T.G., et al. 2017. Impacts of new concepts and technologies on the practice of diagnostic pathology. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 141(3):325–328. 1047. Schuh, J.C.L. 2008. Medical device regulations and testing for toxicologic pathology. Toxicol Pathol. 36:63–69.

Neurology

1048. C Assina, R., et al. 2014. The history of brain retractors throughout the development of neurological surgery. Neurosurg Focus. 36(4):E8. 1049. Horney, M.A., et al. 2014. Berenario’s drill: Origin and inspiration. Neurosurg Focus. 36(4):E7. 1050. Edwards, A.S. 1942. The measurement of static ataxia. American Journal of Psychology. 55(2):171–188. 1051. Lanska, D.J. 2019. Instruments in the history of clinical neurosciences. J Hist Neurosci. 28(2):93–96. 1052. Nicolas, S. and Voboril, D. 2019. Weber’s compass and aesthesiometers: History of the technical evolution of devices for tactile discrimination. L’Annee Psychologique. 119(1):97– 170. 1053. Sternin, A., et al. 2019. Thirty-five years of computerized cognitive assessment of aging: Where are we now? Diagnostics (Basel). 9(3):114.

Obstetrics and Gynecology 1054. Burns, D.N. and Calache, L.D. 1987. An evaluation of some early obstetrical instruments. Caduceus. 3(1):33–40.

Orthopedic

1055. Fish, S.A. 1953. The Tucker-McLane forceps: A history. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 65(5):1042–1047. 1056. Fish, S.A. 1953. The Barton obstetric forceps: A history. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 66(6):1290–1296. 1057. Heimrath, T. 1983. The vacuum extractor in the history of obstetrics. Arch Hist Med (Warsz). 46(1):45–50. [Polish] 1058. Kadıoğlu, S., et al. 2017. A classical wooden vaginal speculum mentioned in old medical manuscripts. Arch Iran Med. 20(3). 1059. Møller-Christinsen, V. 1938. The History of the Forceps: An Investigation on the Occurrence, Evolution, and Use of the Forceps from Prehistoric times to the Present Day. London: Oxford University Press. 1060. Reid, W.L. 1896. The history, forms, and theories of the vaginal speculum. Glasgow Med J. 46(3):161. 1061. Salohemio, A.M. 1966. History of the obstetric forceps. Duodecim. 82(17):828–836. [Finnish]

Ophthalmology

1062. Blew, C.L. 1941. The origin and history of ophthalmic lenses and spectacles. Mil Surg. 89(4):670–675. 1063. Fonda, G. 1959. History and method of prescribing bifocals for accommodative esotropia. Am Orthoptic J. 9:89–92. 1064. Keeler, R. 2002. Antique ophthalmic instruments and books: The Royal College museum. Br J Ophthalmol. 86(7):712–714. 1065. Lizzi, F.L. and Coleman, D.J. 2004. History of ophthalmic ultrasound. J Ultrasound in Med. 23(10):1255–1266. 1066. Rasmussen, O.D. 1962. The history of spectacles. A note. Optician. 143:47. 1067. Salvatori, P.L. 1960. The Story of Contact Lenses. New York: Obrig Laboratories.

Orthopedic

1068. de Steiger, R.N., et al. 1996. Ultrasonically driven tools. J Arthroplasty. 11(1):120–121.

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1069. Elsner, H. and Uibe, P. 1968. Economics of orthopedic equipment. Beitr Orthop Traumatol. 15(12):739–741. 1070. Greenhagen, R.M., et al. 2011. Internal fixation: A historical review. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 28(4):607–618. 1071. Kubiak, E.N., et al. 2006. The evolution of locked plates. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 88:189–200. 1072. Long, P.H. 2008. Medical devices in orthopedic applications. Toxicol Pathol. 36:85–91. 1073. Roberts, T.T., et al. 2013. History of the orthopedic screw (Guest editorial). Orthopedics. 36(1):13–14. 1074. Slone, R.M., et al. 1991. Orthopedic fixation devices. Radiographics. 11:823–847. 1075. Walley, K.C., et al. 2016. The chronicle of a stainless-steel orthopaedic implant. Orthop J Harv Med Sch. 17:69–74.

Physical Medicine

1076. Alwall, N. 1986. Historical perspective on the development of the artificial kidney. Artif Organs. 10(2):86–99. 1077. Ash, S.R. 2006. Artificial organs: A new chapter in medical history. ASAIO J. 52(6):e3–e9. 1078. Benedum, J. 2003. The early history of the artificial kidney. Anesthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 38(11):681–688. [German] 1079. Birdane, L., et al. 2016. The development of artificial organs and prostheses worldwide and in the Ottoman empire. J Med Biogr. 24(3):323–327. 1080. Childress, D.S. 1980. Closed-loop control in prosthetic systems: Historical perspective. Ann Biomed Eng. 8(4– 6):293–303. 1081. Cicenia, E.F. and Hoberman, M. 1957. Crutches and crutch management. Am J Phys Med. 36(6):359–384. 1082. Cobelli, C., et al. 2011. Artificial pancreas: Past, present and future. Diabetes. 60(11):2672–2682. 1083. Cohn, W.E., et al. 2015. Total artificial hearts: Past, present and future. Nat Rev Cardiol. 12(10):609–617.

Physical Medicine

1084. Danz, W., Sr. 1990. Ancient and contemporary history of artificial eyes. Adv Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 8:1–10. 1085. Deaver, G.G. and Brown M.E. 1946. The challenge of crutches: Living with crutches and canes. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 27(11):683–703. 1086. DeBakey, M.E. 2005. Development of mechanical heart devices. Ann Thorac Surg. 79(S):s2228–s2231. 1087. De Leiva-Pérez, A., et al. 2010. From pancreatic extracts to artificial pancreas: History, science and controversies about the discovery of the pancreatic antidiabetic hormone. Avances en Diabetologia. 26:463–471. 1088. El-Taji, O.M.S., et al. 2015. Bladder reconstruction: The past present and future. Oncology Letters. 10(1):3–10. 1089. Frazier, O.H. 2003. Prologue: Ventricular assist devices and total artificial hearts. A historical perspective. Cardiol Clin. 21(1):1–13. 1090. Garber, S.L. 1969. Wheelchair cushions: A historical review. Am J Occup Ther. 39(7):453–459. 1091. Gerosa, G., et al. 2014. Present and future perspectives on total artificial hearts. Ann Cardiothorac Surg. 3(6):595–602. 1092. Joyce, B.M. and Kirby, R.L. 1991. Crutches, canes, and walkers. Am Fam Physician. 43(2):535–542. 1093. Kaleli, A. and Ansell, J.S. 1984. The artificial bladder: A historical review. Urology. 24(5):423–428. 1094. Kamenetz, H.L. 1969. A brief history of the wheelchair. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 24(2):205–210. 1095. Khan, S. and Jehangir, W. 2014. Evolution of artificial hearts: An overview and history. Cardiol Res. 5(5):121–125. 1096. Kister, N.L., et al. 2014. Development and clinical use of an artificial lung. Curr Surg Rep. 2:68. 1097. Kolff, W.J. 1965. First clinical experience with the artificial kidney. Ann Intern Med. 62(3):608–619. 1098. Lanska, D.J. 1989. The history of reflex hammers. Neurology. 39(11):1542–1549. 1099. Lowman, E.W. and Rusk, H.A. 1962. Self-help devices: Selection of canes. Postgrad Med. 31:595–597.

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1100. Maher, J.F. 1963. The artificial kidney: Its clinical indications. JAMA. 185(5):33. 1101. McCord, C.P. 1965. Artificial eyes: The early history of ocular prostheses. J Occup Med. 7:61–68. 1102. Mortenson, W.B. and Kim, J. 2016. Scoping review of mobility scooter-related research studies. J Rehabil Res. 53(5):531– 540. 1103. Petrella, F. and Spaggiari, L. 2018. Artificial lung. J Thorac Dis. 10(S20):s2329–s2332. 1104. Raboldt, M. 2019. In search of a cultural-technological history of genital prosthetics. Urologe A. 58(2):159–167. [German] 1105. Rasouli, F. and Reed, K.B. 2020. Walking assistance using crutches: A state of the art review. J Biomech. 98:109489. 1106. Remuzzi, A. 2017. Artificial organs: Current status and future directions (Editorial). Int J Artif Organs. 39(12):587–589. 1107. Schäfer, D., et al. 2019. Walking aids seen from a cultural historical perspective: Functional and semantic diversity of assistive systems facilitating locomotion in old age. Z Gerontol Geriatr. 52(S3):168–179. [German] 1108. Sullivan, S.J., et al. 2014. Riding into the future: A snapshot of elderly mobility scooter riders and how they use their scooters. N Z Med J. 127(1402):43–49. 1109. Van Noordwijk, J. 2001. Dialysing for Life: The Development of the Artificial Kidney. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1110. Vermeulen, N., et al. 2017. 3D bioprint me: A socioethical view of bioprinting human organs and tissue. Global Medical Ethics. 43:618–624. 1111. Wang, X. 2019. Bioartificial organ manufacturing technologies. Cell Transplant. 28(1):5–17. 1112. Weiner, M.F. and Silver, J.R. 2016. Merlin’s ‘invalid or gouty chair,’ and the origin of the self-propelled wheelchair. J Med Biogr. 24(3):412–417. 1113. Woods, B. and Watson, N. 2003. A short history of powered wheelchairs. Assist Technol. 15(2):164–180. 1114. Zwischenberger, J.B., et al. 2001. Development of an implantable artificial lung: Challenges and progress. ASAIO J. 47(4):316–320.

Section 4

Medical Architecture

The practice of medicine not only involves human-to-human interaction, but also exists as an architecture-to-human interface. The story of hospitals, asylums, clinics, laboratories, and specialized medical offices/treatment centers is central to the story of medicine. That such facilities are important is evidenced in their preservation as historic sites; in the U.S. alone, there are more than 40 hospitals on the National Register of Historic Places.

General History

1115. Currie, J.M. 2007. The Fourth Factor: A Historical Perspective on Architecture and Medicine. New York: The American Institute of Architects. 1116. Francis, S., et al. 1999. 50 Years of Ideas in Health Care Buildings. London: The Nuffield Trust. 1117. Gharipour, M. (Ed.). 2021. The History of Spaces of Healing and Care in the Pre-Modern Era. Bloomsbury Visual Arts. 1118. Kearns, R. and Gesler, W. (Eds.). Putting Health Into Place: Landscape Identity and Well-Being. Syracuse University Press. 1119. Lundin, S. 2015. Healing architecture: Evidence, intuition, dialogue. Licentiate of Architecture Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Architecture. From Hippocrates to COVID-19: A Bibliographic History of Medicine Dale A. Stirling Copyright © 2023 Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. ISBN 978-981-4968-35-5 (Hardcover), 978-1-003-28278-5 (eBook) www.jennystanford.com

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1120. Martin, D., et al. 2015. Architecture and health care: A place for sociology. Sociol Health Illn. 37(7). 1121. Tesler, N. 2018. Evolution of medical architecture. MATEC Web of Conferences. 170(3):03015. 1122. Verderber, S. 2003. Architecture for health: 2020—an international perspective. Journal of Architecture. 8:1360– 2365. 1123. Verderber, S. and Fine, D.J. 2000. Healthcare Architecture in an Era of Radical Transformation. Yale University Press.

Hospitals, Asylums, and Sanatoriums

1124. Adams, A. 2008. Medicine by Design: The Architect and the Modern Hospital, 1893–1943. University of Minnesota Press. 1125. Bachmeyer, A.C. (Ed.). 1948. Hospital Trends and Developments 1940–1946. New York: The Commonwealth Fund. 1126. Bonet, L. 2018. Sanatoriums in contemporary narratives. Mètode Science Studies Journal. 8:255–260. 1127. Bowers, B.S. 2017. The Medieval Hospital and Medical Practice. London: Routledge. 1128. Bromley, E. 2012. Building patient-centeredness: Hospital design as an interpretive act. Soc Sci Med. 75(6):1057–1066. 1129. Burdett, H.C. 1891. Hospitals and Asylums of the World: Their Origin, History, Construction, Administration, Management and Legislation. London: J. & A. Churchill. 1130. Cherry, S. 1998. The modern hospital in history ca. 1720– 1948. ReFRESH. 26:1–4. 1131. Daykin, N., et al. 2008. The impact of art, design and environment in mental healthcare: A systematic review of the literature. Perspect Public Health. 128(2):85–94. 1132. Dross, F. 2006. The invention of a medical institution? A discussion of hospitals around 1800. Hygiea Int. 5(1):91– 106. 1133. Faxon, N.W. (Ed.). 1949. The Hospital in Contemporary Life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1134. Foster, J.T. 1989. Hospitals in the year 2000: A scenario. Front Health Serv Manage. 6(2):3–29.

Hospitals, Asylums, and Sanatoriums

135. Goldwater, S.S. 1949. On Hospitals. New York: Macmillan Co. 1 1136. Gormley, T. 2010. The history of hospitals and wards. Healthcare Design. 10(3):50–54. 1137. Grandshaw, L. and Porter, R. (Eds.). 1989. The Hospital in History. London: Routledge. 1138. Griffith, J.R. and White, K.R. 2005. The revolution in hospital management. J Healthc Manag. 50(3):170–190. 1139. Grob, G.N. 1977. Rediscovering asylums: The unhistorical history of the mental hospital. Hastings Center Report. 7(4):33–41. 1140. Hall, H.J. 1913. The sanatorium of the future. Am J Med Sci. 145:386–392. 1141. Henderson, J., et al. (Eds.). 2007. The Impact of Hospitals, 300– 2000. Oxford: Peter Lang. 1142. Horden, P. 1988. A discipline of relevance: The historiography of the later medieval hospital. Soc Hist Med. 1(3):359–374. 1143. Horden, P. 2005. The earliest hospitals in Byzantium, Western Europe and Islam. Journal of Interdisciplinary History. 35(3):361–389. 1144. Hornsby, J.A. 1913. The Modern Hospital: Its Inspiration, Its Architecture; Its Equipment; Its Operation. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 1145. Houck, J.H. 1975. The future of the private psychiatric hospital. Psychiatr Annals. 5(9):25–30, 33, 36. 1146. Houston, R.A. 2019. Asylums: The historical perspective before, during, and after. Lancet Psychiatry. 7(4):354–362. 1147. Jones, K. 1993. Asylums and After: A Revised History of the Mental Health Services: From the Early 18th Century to the 1990s. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: The Athlone Press. 1148. Landefeld, S. 1973. The rise of the modern hospital idea, 1900–1913. Synthesis. 1:16–40. 1149. Levenson, A.I. 1984. Challenges and opportunities for independent private psychiatric hospitals. Psychiatr Annals. 14(5):350–356. 1150. Miller, T.S. 1997. The Birth of the Hospital in the Byzantine Empire. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press. 1151. Mix, P. 1991. Historical trends in public general hospitals. Health Rep. 3(1):59–78.

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1152. Modern Hospital Publishing Co. 1947. Design and Construction of General Hospitals. Chicago. 1153. Mullner, R.M., et al. 1990. Rural hospital survival: An analysis of facilities and services correlated with risk of closure. Hosp Health Serv Adm. 35(1):121–137. 1154. Murken, A.H. and Thal, M. 2004. Selected bibliography on the topic of hospital history 2001–2004. Hist Hosp. 24:225–236. [German] 1155. Musgrave, W.E. 1920. The organization and management of hospitals. Calif State Med J. 18(3):71–72. 1156. Nasagawa, Y. 2019. Global hospitals in 2050: A review of the historical development of hospital building studies from a global perspective. Japan Architectural Review. 3(1):5–24. 1157. Nightingale, F. 1863. Notes on Hospitals (3rd Edition). London: Longman, Roberts, & Green. 1158. Ochsner, A.J. and Sturm, M.J. 1904. The Organization, Construction, and Management of Hospitals with Numerous Plans and Details. Cleveland Press. 1159. Parsons, H.F. 1914. Isolation Hospitals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1160. Perkins, W. 1982. Outside Europe: Who runs the hospitals? BMJ. 284(6310):175–177. 1161. Perry, C.M. 1900. Our floating hospitals. Am J Nurs. 1(2):104– 107. 1162. Philo, C. 1995. Journey to asylum: A medical-geographical idea in historical context. J Histor Geogr. 21(2):148–168. 1163. Pite, W.A. 1916. Philosophy in hospital architecture. Hospital (Lond). 61:89–92, 95–96. 1164. Raine, J.W. 1968. The future of the private hospital. N Z Med J. 67(432):527–531. 1165. Retief, F.P. and Cilliers, L. 2010. The evolution of hospitals from antiquity to the renaissance. Acta Theologica. 26(2). 1166. Risley, M. 1961. House of Healing: The Story of the Hospital. Garden City, NJ: Doubleday & Co. 1167. Risse, G.B. 1999. Mending Bodies, Saving Souls: A History of Hospitals. Oxford University Press.

Hospitals, Asylums, and Sanatoriums

1168. Riva, M.A. and Cesana, G. 2013. The charity and the care: The origin and the evolution of hospitals. Eur J Intern Med. 24(1):1–4. 1169. Schadewaldt, H. 1961. On the history of the hospital ship. Med Klin. 56:315–317. [German] 1170. Schramm, C.J. 1983. The teaching hospital and the future role of state government. N Engl J Med. 308(1):41–45. 1171. Schwartz, W.B., et al. 1985. Is the teaching hospital an endangered species? N Engl J Med. 313(3):157–162. 1172. Seppänen, A., et al. 2018. Modern forensic psychiatric hospital design: Clinical, legal and structural aspects. Int J Ment Health Syst. 12:58. 1173. Sharman, E.M. 1966. Medical libraries in hospitals. Postgrad Med J. 42(485):145–147. 1174. Shuffstall, R.M. and Hemmaplardh, B. 1979. The Hospital Laboratory. London: Medical Publishers Ltd. 1175. Sloan, D.C. 1994. Scientific paragon to hospital mall: The evolving design of the hospital, 1885–1994. Journal of Architectural Education. 48(2):82–98. 1176. Spencer-Wood, S.M. and Baugher, S. 2001. Introduction and historical context for the archaeology of institutions of reform. Part I: Asylums. International Journal of Historical Archaeology. 5(1):3–17. 1177. Thompson, J.D. and Goldin, G. 1975. The Hospital: A Social and Architectural history. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 1178. Townsend, J. 2006. Bedpans, Blood and Bandages: A History of Hospitals. Oxford: Raintree. 1179. Ulrich, R.S. and Zimring, C. 2004. The Role of the Physical Environment in the Hospital of the 21st Century: A Once in a Lifetime Opportunity. Concord, CA: The Center for Health Design. 1180. Unknown Author. 1908. The evolution of the hospital. BMJ. 1:1486–1492. 1181. Valentinuzzi, M.E. and Leder R. 2009. The modern hospital in historical context. Conf Prof IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2009:1089–1091.

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1182. Veterans Administration. 1949. Hospital Administration and Management. A Selected Bibliography Prepared for the Use of the Interagency Institute for Hospital Managers. Washington, D.C. 1183. Wagenaar, Cor. 2006. The Architecture of Hospitals. Amsterdam: NAi Publishers. 1184. Warren, P. 2006. The evolution of the sanatorium: The first half-century, 1854–1904. Can Bull Med Hist. 23(2):457–476. 1185. Winkelman, H.T., Jr. 1972. Foundations of hospital design: An analysis of the evolution of determinants and strategies of hospital design. M.A. Thesis, Rice University. 1186. Wylie, W.G. 1877. Hospitals: Their History, Organization and Construction. New York: D. Appleton & Company.

Assisted Living and Nursing Homes

1187. Burton, J.R. 1994. The evolution of nursing homes into comprehensive geriatrics centers: A perspective. J Am Geriatr Soc. 42(7):794–796. 1188. Decker, F.H. 2005. Nursing Homes, 1977–99: What has Changed, What has Not? Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 1189. Gillick, M.R. 2018. The evolution of the nursing home. American Scientist. 106(3):186. 1190. Kaffenberger, K.R. 2000. Nursing home ownership: An historical analysis. J Aging Social Policy. 12(1):35–48. 1191. Sek, S.T. Housing the frail elderly: History, contemporary practice, and future options. Master of Urban & Regional Planning. Thesis, Ball State University. 1192. Wilson, K.B. 2007. Historical evolution of assisted living in the United States, 1979 to the present. Gerontologist. 47(S1):8– 22.

Specialty Care Centers and Facilities

1193. Alkon, C. 2018. What’s behind the growth of urgent care clinics? Med Econ. 95(17):23–25.

Specialty Care Centers and Facilities

1194. Andrews, J.R. 1948. Cancer detection centers: Their role in cancer control. Am J Roentgenol. 60(6):824–831. 1195. Courtial, J. 1955. Investigation of the organization of cancer detection centers. Rev Hyg Med Soc. 3(2):184–188. [French] 1196. Fairman, J. 1992. Watchful vigilance: Nursing care, technology, and the development of intensive care units. Nurs Res. 41(1):56–60. 1197. Frankel, M.S. 1975. Cryobanking of human sperm. J Med Ethics. 1(1):36–38. 1198. Gillespie, R. 2002. Architecture and power: A family planning clinic as a case study. Health Place. 8(3):211–220. 1199. Hess, J.R. and Schmidt, P.J. 2000. The first blood banker: Oswald Hope Robertson. Transfusion. 40:110–113. 1200. Hilberman, M. 1975. The evolution of intensive care units. Crit Care Med. 3(4):159–165. 1201. Julian, D.G. 1987. The history of coronary care units. Br Heart J. 57(6):497–502. 1202. Khush, K.K., et al. 2005. The history of the coronary care unit. Can J Cardiol. 21(12):1041–1045. 1203. Kurtzberg, J. 2017. A history of cord blood banking and transplantation. Stem Cell Transl Med. 6(5):1309–1311. 1204. Leach, W.B. 1962. Perpetuities in the atomic age: The sperm bank and the fertile decedent. ABA Journal. 48(10):942–944. 1205. Lindhein, R. 1981. Birthing centers and hospices: Reclaiming birth and death. Annu Rev Public Health. 2:1–29. 1206. McNeeley, S. 2012. Urgent care centers: An overview. Am J Clin Med. 9(2):80–81. 1207. Navarette, C. and Contreras, M. 2009. Cord blood banking: A historical perspective. Br J Haematol. 147(2):236–245. 1208. Resnick, L.A. 2013. Urgent care: The evolution of a revolution. Isr J Health Policy Res. 2:39. 1209. Rothman, C. 1978. Clinical aspects of sperm bank. J Urol. 119(4):511–513. 1210. Swanson, K.W. 2011. Body banks: A history of milk banks, blood banks, and sperm banks in the United States. Enterprise Society. 12(4):749–760.

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1211. Swanson, K.W. 2012. The birth of the sperm bank. Annals of Iowa. 71(3):241–276. 1212. Wiklund, P.E. 1969. Intensive care units: Design, location, staffing ancillary areas, equipment. Anesthesiology. 31:122– 136.

Section 5

Diseases and Disorders

The World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases (ICD) which is divided into 24 categories, was used as a guide for this section of the book. General historical literature on diseases is presented at the beginning of this section followed by literature specifically related to the 24 categories of disease. The ICD category is noted in parentheses after each ICD category heading. When possible, cited documents relate to the “history” of a disease or external causes or factors influencing or causing morbidity. However, as there is a paucity of literature for many of these, especially rare cancers and under-reported or historically ignored infectious diseases, documents reporting on their “natural history” are cited (e.g., etiology, pathology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, etc.).

General History

1213. Abeysinghe, S. 2013. When the spread of disease becomes a global event: The classification of pandemics. Soc Stud Sci. 43(6):905–926. 1214. Acemoglu, D., et al. 2003. Disease and development in historical perspective. Journal of the European Economic Association. 1:397–405. From Hippocrates to COVID-19: A Bibliographic History of Medicine Dale A. Stirling Copyright © 2023 Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. ISBN 978-981-4968-35-5 (Hardcover), 978-1-003-28278-5 (eBook) www.jennystanford.com

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1215. Ackernecht, E.H. 1965. History and Geography of the Most Important Diseases. New York: Hufner. 1216. Adams, L.V. and Butterly, J.R. 2015. Diseases of Poverty: Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases, and Modern Plagues. Hanover, NH: Dartmouth College Press. 1217. Arrizabalaga, J. 2002. Problematizing retrospective diagnosis in the history of disease. Asclepio. LIV(1):51–70. 1218. Bashford, A. and Hooker, C. (Eds.). 2002. Contagion: Epidemics, History and Culture from Smallpox to Anthrax. Pluto Press Australia. 1219. Benedictow, O.J. 2004. The Black Death, 1346–1353: The Complete History. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: Boydell Press. 1220. Berridge, V. and Bourne, S. 2005. Illicit drugs, infectious disease and public health: A historical perspective. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 16(3):193–196. 1221. Bett, W.R. 1934. A Short History of Some Common Diseases. London: Humphrey Milford. 1222. Bett, W.R. (Ed.). 1954. The History and Conquest of Common Diseases. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. 1223. Bleker, J. 1985. The idea of a historical development of the diseases of the human race and their significance for empirical medicine of the early 19th century. Ber Wiss Gesch. 8(4):195–204. [English Abstract/German] 1224. Bliss, M. 2011. The Making of Modern Medicine. Turning Points in the Treatment of Disease. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 1225. Bloom, D.E. and Cadarette, D. 2019. Infectious disease threats in the 21st century: Strengthening the global response. Front Immunol. 10:1. 1226. Bloomfield, A.L. 1958. A Bibliography of Internal Medicine: Communicable Diseases. University of Chicago Press. 1227. Blum, A. 1985. The collective representation of affliction: Some reflections on disability and disease as social facts. Theoretical Med. 6(2):221–232. 1228. Bourdelais, P. 2006. Epidemics Laid Low: A History Of What Happened In Rich Countries. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

General History

1229. Brachman, P.S. 2003. Infectious diseases: Past, present and future. Int J Epidemiol. 32:684–686. 1230. Brooks, D.R. and Ferrao, A.L. 2005. The historical biogeography of co‐evolution: Emerging infectious diseases are evolutionary accidents waiting to happen (Guest Editorial). J Biogeography. 32(8):1291–1299. 1231. Carmichael, A.G. 2006. Infectious disease and human agency: An historical overview. Scripta Varia. 106:3–46. 1232. Cartright, F.F. 1972. Diseases and History: The Influence of Disease in Shaping the Great Events of History. New York: Thomas Crowell. 1233. Cashdan, E. 2014. Biogeography of human infectious diseases: A global historical analysis. PLoS One. 9(10):e106752. 1234. Conti, A.A. 2020. Historical and methodological highlights of quarantine measures: From ancient plague epidemics to current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Acta Biomed. 91(2). 1235. Cunningham, A. 2002. Identifying disease in the past: Cutting the Gordian knot. Asclepio. 54(1):13–34. 1236. De Paolo, C. 2006. Epidemic Diseases and Human Understanding: A Historical Analysis of Scientific and Other Writings. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. 1237. DeWitte, S.N. 2016. Archaeological evidence of epidemics can inform future epidemics. Annu Rev Anthropol. 45:63–77. 1238. Dobson, A.P. and Carper, E.R. 1996. Infectious disease and human population history. BioScience. 46(2):115–126. 1239. Dobyns, H.F. 1993. Disease transfer at contact. Annu Rev Anthropol. 22:273–291. 1240. Dowling, H.F. 1977. Fighting Infection: Conquests of the 20th Century. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1241. Drotman, D.P. 1998. Emerging infectious diseases: A brief biographical heritage. Emerg Infect Dis. 4(3):372–373. 1242. Dubos, R.J. 1958. The evolution of infectious diseases in the course of history. CMAJ. 79(6):445. 1243. Duffy, J. 1971. Social impact of disease in the late 19th century. Bull NY Acad Med. 47:797–810.

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1244. Gallagher, R. 1969. Diseases that Plague Modern Man: A History of Ten Communicable Diseases. Dobbs Ferry, NY: Oceana Publications. 1245. Gallup, J.A. 1845. Outlines of the Institutes of Medicine: Founded on the Philosophy of the Human Economy, In Health and Disease in Three Parts. New York: Collins, Brothers & Co. 1246. Gowen, B.S. 1907. Some aspects of pestilences and other epidemics. Am J Psychiatry. 18(1):1–61. 1247. Gradmann, C. 2018. From lighthouse to hothouse: Hospital hygiene, antibiotics and the evolution of infectious disease, 1950–1990. Hist Philos Life Sci. 40(1):8. 1248. Greenblatt, C. and Spigelman, M. (Eds.). 2003. Emerging Pathogens: Archaeology, Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease. New York: Oxford University Press. 1249. Harper, K. 2016. Invisible environmental history: Infectious disease in late antiquity. Late Antique Archaeology. 12(1):116–131. 1250. Harrison, M. 2004. Disease and the Modern World: 1500 to the Present Day. Cambridge: Polity Press. 1251. Hays, J.N. 2005. Epidemics And Pandemics: Their Impacts On Human History. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. 1252. Heberden. W. 1818. History and Cure of Diseases. Boston: Wells and Lilly. 1253. Henschen, F. 1967. The History and Geography of Diseases. New York: Delacorte Press. 1254. Holmes, E.C., et al. 1995. Revealing the history of infectious disease epidemics through phylogenetic trees. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B. 349(1327):33–40. 1255. Inhorn, M.C. and Brown, P.J. 1990. The anthropology of infectious disease. Annu Rev Anthropol. 19:89–117. 1256. Kennedy, M.T. 2004. A Brief History of Diseases, Science and Medicine. from the Ice Age to the Genome Project. Mission Viejo, CA: Asklepiad Press. 1257. Kilwein, J.H. 1995. Some historical comments on quarantine, part one (Commentary). J Clin Pharm Ther. 20:185–187. 1258. Kilwein, J.H. 1995. Some historical comments on quarantine, part two (Commentary). J Clin Pharm Ther. 20:249–252.

General History

1259. Kim, E-A. and Kang, S-K. 2013. Historical review of the list of occupational diseases recommended by the International Labour Organization. Ann Occup Environ Med. 25:14. 1260. Kiple, K.F. (Ed.). 2003. The Cambridge Historical Dictionary of Disease. Cambridge University Press. 1261. Larsen, C.S. 2018. The bioarchaeology of health crisis: Infectious disease in the past. Annu Rev Anthropol. 47:295– 313. 1262. McNeill, W.H. 1976. Plagues and People. New York: Anchor Press. 1263. Méthot, P.O. and Fantini, B. 2014. Medicine and ecology: Historical and critical perspectives on the concept of ‘emerging disease.’ Int Arch Hist Sci. 64:213–230. 1264. Mitchell, P. 2003. The archaeological study of epidemic and infectious disease. World Archaeology. 35(2):171–179. 1265. Moodie, R.L. 1918. Paleontological evidences of the antiquity of disease. The Scientific Monthly. 7(3):265–281. 1266. Moriyama, I.M., et al. 2011. History of the Statistical Classification of Diseases and Causes of Death. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 1267. Morse, S.S. and Schluederberg, A. 1990. Emerging viruses: The evolution of viruses and viral diseases. J Infect Dis. 162(1):1–7. 1268. Murphy, W.B. 1998. Three Centuries of Infectious Disease. Greenwich, CT: Greenwich Press. 1269. Murray, D.R. and Schaller, M. 2009. Historical prevalence of infectious diseases within 230 geopolitical regions: A tool for investigating origins of culture. J Cross Cult Psychol. 41(1):99– 108. 1270. Nikolaev, B. and Salahodjaev, R. 2017. Historical prevalence of infectious diseases, cultural values, and the origins of economic institutions. Kyklos. 70(1):97–128. 1271. Oya, A. 2003. Civilization and infectious diseases: Historical review of their relationship. Jpn J Bacteriol. 58(4):657–662. [Japanese] 1272. Patterson, J.T. 1998. How do we write the history of disease? Health History. 1:5–29.

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1273. Perret, L. 1974. Epidemics and infectious disease: A historicalmedical review. Katiloehti. 79(7–8):296–302. [Swedish] 1274. Ranger, T. and Slack, P. (Eds.). 1995. Epidemics and Ideas: Essays on the Historical Perception of Pestilence. Cambridge University Press. 1275. Rath, G. 1956. Modern diagnoses of historical epidemics. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 81(50):2065–2069. [German] 1276. Riese, W. 1953. The Conception of Diseases: Its History, Its Versions, and Its Nature. New York: Philosophical Library. 1277. Robson, D. 2008. The disease legacy of our distant ancestors. New Scientist. 200:12. 1278. Roselli, A. 1989. Epidemics and aphorisms: Notes on the history of early transmission of epidemics. Sudhoffs Archiv. 27:182–190. 1279. Scholthof, K-B. G. 2006. The disease triangle: pathogens, the environment, and society. Nat Rev Microbiol. 5:152–156. 1280. Sehdev, P.S. 2002. The origin of quarantine. Clin Infect Dis. 35:1071–1072. 1281. Sharma, M. 2018 cancer and its root causes: A historical analysis. Int J Res. 5(9):272–279. 1282. Shulman, S.T. 2004. The history of pediatric infectious diseases. Pediatr Res. 55(1):163–176. 1283. Sigerist, H.E. 1943. Civilization and Disease. College Park, MD: McGrath Publishing Co. 1284. Smallman-Raynor, M.R., et al. 2004. War Epidemics: An Historical Geography of Infectious Diseases in Military Conflict and Civil Strife, 1850–2000. Oxford University Press. 1285. Start, D. and Kirk, D. 2018. Population isolation predicts the severity of historical human epidemics. Global Ecology Biogeography. 27(6):726–733. 1286. Tognotti, E. 2013. Lessons from the history of quarantine: From plague to influenza A. Emerg Infect Dis. 19(2):254–259. 1287. Turco, J. and Byrd, M. 2001. An interdisciplinary perspective: infectious diseases and history. American Biology Teacher. 63(5):325–335. 1288. Watts, S.J. 1999. Epidemics and History: Disease, Power, and Imperialism. Yale University Press.

Certain Infectious Or Parasitic Diseases

1289. Webb, J.L., Jr. 2015. The historical epidemiology of global disease challenges. Lancet. 385:322–323. 1290. Werner, G.H. 2009. Historical aspects of some infectious diseases: Is their gradual eradication utopian? Rev Hist Pharmacie. 57(362):173–192. [French]

Certain Infectious Or Parasitic Diseases (ICD-01)

1291. Abraham, T. 2004. Twenty-First Century Plague: The Story of SARS. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 1292. Adedeji, A.O., et al. 2010. An overview of rabies: History, epidemiology, control, and possible elimination. Afr J Microbiol Res. 4(22):2327–2338. 1293. Adler, B. 2015. History of leptospirosis and leptospira. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 387:1–9. 1294. Adler, M.W. 1980. The terrible peril: A historical perspective on the venereal diseases. BMJ. 281(6234):206. 1295. Aggarwal, R. 2011. Hepatitis E: Historical, contemporary, and future perspectives. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 26:72–82. 1296. Agrifoglio, L. 1961. Historical delineation of diphtheria. Rivista italiana d’igiene. 21:205–224. [Italian] 1297. Akhoundi, M., et al. 2016. Historical overview of the classification, evolution, and dispersion of leishmania parasites and sandflies. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 10(3):e0004770. 1298. Akpinar, O. 2016. Historical perspective of brucellosis: A microbiological and epidemiological overview. Infez Med. 24(1):77–86. 1299. Aljofan, M. 2015. Henipaviruses are not yet history. Future Virology. 10(5):507–515. 1300. Al Shorbaji, N. 1995. Bibliography of recent literature on poliomyelitis. Eastern Med Health J. 1(1):140–153. 1301. Anderson, A.L. and Chaney, E. 2009. Pubic lice (Pthirus pubis): History, biology and treatment vs. knowledge and beliefs of us college students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 6(2):592–600. 1302. Antony, S.J. and Lopez-Po, P. 1999. Genital amebiasis: Historical perspective of an unusual disease. Urology. 54(6):952–955.

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1303. Arlian, L.G. and Morgan, M.S. 2017. A review of Sarcoptes scabiei: Past, present, and future. Parasit Vectors. 10:297. 1304. Armstrong, N., et al. 2017. Biological and historical overview of Zika virus. World J Virol. 6(1):1–8. 1305. Asiedu, K., et al. 2014. Eradication of Yaws: Historical efforts and achieving WHO’s 2020 target. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 8(9):e3016. 1306. Baier, J. 1986. Lyme disease: A “new” disease (or diseases also have a history). Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbildung. 80(18):749–751. [German] 1307. Baker, B. 1988. The origin and antiquity of syphilis: Paleopathological diagnosis and interpretation. Current Anthropology. 29(5):703–737. 1308. Baker, R.D. 1957. Mucormycosis: A new disease? JAMA. 163(10):805. 1309. Balassa, B. 1965. Bibliography of Foot and Mouth Disease in Man, 1695–1965. Long Island, NY: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Disease & Parasite Research Division, Plum Island Animal Disease Laboratory. 1310. Barberis, I., et al. 2017. The history of tuberculosis: From the first historical records to the isolation of Koch’s bacillus. J Prev Med Hyg. 58:E9–E12. 1311. Barnes, D.S. 2000. Historical perspectives on the etiology of tuberculosis. Microbes Infect. 2:431–440. 1312. Bartlett, J.G. 2008. Historical perspectives on studies of Clostridium difficile and C. difficile Infection. Clin Infect Dis. 46(S1):S4–S11. 1313. Batten, F.E. 1911. The epidemiology of poliomyelitis. 198– 226. J R Soc Med. 4:198–226. 1314. Baumann, E.D. 1926. Contributions to the history of dysentery in the XVIII Century. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde. 14:1520–1534. [Dutch] 1315. Baxby, D. 1977. The origins of vaccinia virus. J Infect Dis. 136(3):453–455. 1316. Beauman, J.G. 2005. Genital herpes: A review. Am Fam Physician. 72(8):1527–1534.

Certain Infectious Or Parasitic Diseases

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1687. Feinberg, A.P. and Tycko, B. 2014. The history of cancer epigenetics. Nat Rev Cancer. 4(2):143–153. 1688. Folz, B.J., et al. 2007. A historical review of head and neck cancer in celebrities. J Laryngol Otol. 121(6):511–520. 1689. Foulds, L. 1958. The natural history of cancer. J Chronic Dis. 8(1):2–37. 1690. George, S.H.L., et al. 2016. Ovarian cancer: The fallopian tube as the site of origin and opportunities for prevention. Front Oncol. 6:108. 1691. Gerstung, M., et al. 2020. The evolutionary history of 2,658 cancers. Nature. 578:122–128. 1692. Ghabili, K., et al. 2016. The history of prostate cancer from antiquity: Review of paleopathological studies. Urology. 98:8–12. 1693. Ghosh, S., et al. 2018. Natural history of uterine fibroids: A radiological perspective. Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep. 7(3):117– 121. 1694. Giovannucci, E. 2001. Medical history and etiology of prostate cancer. Epidemiol Rev. 23(1):159–162. 1695. Goeckenjan, G. 2010. Lung cancer: Historical development, current status, future prospects. Pneumologie. 64(9):555– 559. 1696. Goldman, J.M. 2010. Chronic myeloid leukemia: A historical perspective. Semin Hematol. 47(4):302–311. 1697. Gorantla, V.C. and Kirkwood, J.M. 2014. State of melanoma: An historic overview of a field in transition. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 28(3):415–435. 1698. Haddadin, S. and Perry, M.C. 2011. History of small-cell lung cancer. Clin Lung Cancer. 12(2):87–93. 1699. Haddow, A. 1936. Historical notes on cancer from the Mss. Of Louis Westerna Sambon. Proc R Soc Med. 29:1015–1028. 1700. Hajdu, S.I. 2006. A note from history: The enigma of Ewing’s sarcoma. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 36(1):108–110. 1701. Hajdu, S.I. 2011. A note from history: Landmarks in history of cancer. Part 1. Cancer. 117(5):1097–102. 1702. Hajdu, S.I. 2011. A note from history: Landmarks in history of cancer. part 2. Cancer. 117(12):2811–2820.

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1718. Kampen, K.R. 2012. The discovery and early understanding of leukemia. Leuk Res. 36(1):6–13. 1719. Karamanou, M., et al. 2017. A historical overview of laryngeal carcinoma and the first total laryngectomies. J BUON. 22(3):807–811. 1720. Karamanou, M., et al. 2017. Hallmarks in history of esophageal carcinoma. J BUON. 22(4):1088–1091. 1721. Kardinal, C. and Yarbro, J.A. 1979. Conceptual history of cancer. Semin Oncol. 6:396–408. 1722. Kersey, J.H. 1997. Fifty years of studies of the biology and therapy of childhood leukemia. Blood. 90(11):4243–4251. 1723. Koblenz, L. 2013. From sin to science: The cancer revolution of the nineteenth century. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. 1724. Komp. D.M. 1987. Historical perspectives of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1(1):9–21. 1725. Lake, M.G., et al. 2013. Pituitary adenomas: An overview. Am Fam Physician. 88(5):319–327. 1726. Lakhtakia, R. 2014. A brief history of breast cancer. Part I. Surgical domination reinvented. SQU Med J. 14(2):e166– e169. 1727. Lakhtakia, R. and Burney, I. 2015. A historical tale of two lymphomas. Part I. Hodgkin lymphoma. SQU Med J. 15(2):e202–e206. 1728. Lakhtakia, R. and Burney, I. 2015. A historical tale of two lymphomas. Part II. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. SQU Med J. 15(3):e317–e321. 1729. Lakhtakia, R. and Burney, I. 2015. A brief history of breast cancer. Part III. Tumor biology lays the foundation for medical oncology. SQU Med J. 15(1):e34–e38. 1730. Lakhtakia, R. and Chinoy, R.F. 2014. A brief history of breast cancer: Part II: Evolution of surgical pathology. SQU Med J. 14(3):e319–e22. 1731. Lanzino, G. and Laws, E.R., Jr. 2003. Key personalities in the development and popularization of the transsphenoidal approach to pituitary tumor: An historical overview. Neurosurg Clin. 14(1):1–10.

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1732. Lee, C., et al. 2013. Historical review of melanoma treatment and outcomes. Clin Dermatol. 31(2):141–147. 1733. Lewison, E.F. 1953. The surgical treatment of breast cancer; an historical and collective review. Surgery. 34:904–953. 1734. Lichtman, M.A. 2017. A bacterial cause of cancer: An historical essay. Oncologist. 22(5):542–548. 1735. Luthi, F. 1996. Is cancer a new disease? Gesnerus. 53(3– 4):175–182. [English Abstract/French] 1736. Lynch, H.T., et al. 2004. Inherited predisposition to cancer: A historical overview. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 129(1):5–22. 1737. Macfarlane, D.A. 1958. Cancer of the adrenal cortex: The natural history, prognosis, and treatment in a study of fiftyfive cases. Ann Roy Coll Surg. 23(3):155–186. 1738. Mármol, I., et al. 2017. Colorectal carcinoma: A general overview and future perspectives in colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 18(1):197. 1739. McCarthy, E.F. 1980. Giant-cell tumor of bone: An historical perspective. Clin Orthopaed Related Res. 153:14–25. 1740. McGurk, M. and Goodger, N.M. 2000. Head and neck cancer and its treatment: Historical review. Br J Oral Maxillo Surg. 38(3):209–220. 1741. McLeod, G.R. and Davis, N.C. 1992. Historical overview of melanoma. Clin Dermatol. 10(1):5–7. 1742. McMullin, J. 2016. Cancer. Annu Rev Anthropol. 45:251–266. 1743. McPhee, S.J., et al. 1987. Screening for colorectal cancer: An annotated bibliography for clinicians and educators. Part 1. J Cancer Educ. 2(1):35–49. 1744. McPhee, S.J., et al. 1987. Screening for colorectal cancer: An annotated bibliography for clinicians and educators. Part 2. J Cancer Educ. 2(2):113–127. 1745. Mehranfar, S., et al. 2017. History of leukemia: Diagnosis and treatment from beginning to now. Galen Med J. 6(1). 1746. Meyskens F.L., Jr., et al. 1976. Male breast cancer: A review. Cancer Treat Rev. 3:83–93. 1747. Michiels, J.J. 1993. Erythroleukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes: An historical appraisal and a personal view. Leuk Lymphoma. 9(1–2):27–34.

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1748. Moertel, C.G. 1977. Multiple primary malignant neoplasms: Historical perspectives. Cancer. 40:1786–1792. 1749. Mottolese, C. and Szathmari, A. 2015. History of the pineal region tumor. Neurochirurgie. 61(2–3):61–64. 1750. Muir, C.S. 1983. Nasopharyngeal cancer: A historical vignette. CA Cancer J Clin. 33(3):180–185. 1751. Mulcahy, H., et al. 2003. From dinosaurs to DNA: A history of colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis. 18(3):210–215. 1752. Murphey, M.D., et al. 1997. From the archives of the AFIP: The many faces of osteosarcoma. Radiographics. 17:1205–1231. 1753. Nakamine, H., et al. 2016. Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Langerhans cell sarcoma: Current understanding and differential diagnosis. JCEH. 56(2):109–118. 1754. Nakazato, Y. 2014. History of WHO classification on brain tumors: Review. Neuro Oncol. 21(2). [English Abstract/ Japanese] 1755. Nesi, G., et al. 2019. Environment and urinary bladder cancer: A historical perspective. Polish J Pathol. 70(1):21–25. 1756. Okuda, K. 2002. Hepatocellular carcinoma: History, current status, and perspectives. Dig Liver Dis. 34(9):613–616. 1757. Olivier, L., et al. 2018. When lung cancer was rare: An historical study of prevalence from 1760. Eur Respir J. 52(S62). 1758. Olson, J.S. 1989. The History of Cancer: An Annotated Bibliography. Westport: Greenwood Press. 1759. Onuigbo, W.I. 2016. Metastasis of melanoma to the kidney: Historical notes. J Cancer Epidemiol Treat. 1:17–18. 1760. Onuigbo, W.I. 2016. Pancreatic cancer: Historical problem as well as personal and current solutions which have prospects in translational medicine. Transl Biomed. 7(4):98. 1761. Onuigbo, W.I. 2017. Gastro-intestinal melanoma metastases: Historical dimensions. International Journal of Research Studies in Medical and Health Sciences. 2(2):1–3. 1762. Peltier, L.F. 1985. Historical note on bone and soft tissue sarcoma. J Surg Oncol. 30:201–205. 1763. Petrillo, A. and Smyth, E.C. 2020. 27 years of stomach cancer: Painting a global picture. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 5(1):5–6.

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1780. Sloan, L.W. 1954. Of the origin, characteristics, and behavior of thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 14(11):1309–1335. 1781. Steensma, D.P. 2012. Historical perspectives on myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res. 36:1441–1452. 1782. Sudhakar, A. 2009. History of cancer, ancient and modern treatment methods. J Cancer Sci Ther. 1(2):1–4. 1783. Szczerkowska-Dobosz, A., et al. 2014. Juvenile xanthogranuloma: A rare benign histiocytic disorder. Adv Dermatol Allergol. 31(3):197–200. 1784. Takahasi, E. and Nakamura, S. 2013. Histiocytic sarcoma: An updated literature review based on the 2008 WHO classification. J Clin Exp Hematop. 53(1):1–8. 1785. Tallini, G., et al. 2017. The history of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 102(1):15–22. 1786. Tefferi, A. 2008. The history of myeloproliferative disorders: Before and after Dameshek. Leukemia. 22(1):3–13. 1787. Theodros, D., et al. 2015. Pituitary adenomas: Historical perspective, surgical management, and future directions. CNS Oncol. 4(6):411–429. 1788. Thompson, J. 1970. Tumors of the thyroid gland. Introduction. Historical notes. Mongr Neoplast Dis Var Sites. 6:1–11. 1789. Thorne, S.E. and Murray C. 2000. Social constructions of breast cancer. Health Care Women Int. 21(3):141–159. 1790. Timmermann, C. 2013. A History of Lung Cancer: The Recalcitrant Disease. Springer. 1791. Topi, S., et al. 2020. Gastric cancer in history: A perspective interdisciplinary study. Cancers (Basel). 12(2):264. 1792. Urteaga B,O. and Pack, G.T. 1966. On the antiquity of melanoma. Cancer. 19(5):607–610. 1793. Valier, H. 2016. A History of Prostate Cancer: Cancer, Men and Medicine. Palgrave Macmillan. 1794. Vargas, A.N. 2014. Natural history of ovarian cancer. Ecancer. 8:465. 1795. von Engelhardt, D. 2007. Cancer in medical and cultural history. Onkologie. 30(1–2):6–11. [German] 1796. Waldron, H.A. 1983. On the history of scrotal cancer. Ann R Col Surg Engl. 65:420–422.

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1797. Wick, M.R. 2018. Metastases of malignant neoplasms: Historical, biological, and clinical considerations. Semin Diagn Pathol. 35(2):112–122. 1798. World Health Organization. 1963. Bibliography on the Epidemiology of Cancer, 1946–1960. Geneva. 1799. Wozniak, A., et al. 2012. Head and neck cancer—history. Przegl Lek. 69(10):1079–1083. [Polish] 1800. Yabar, C.S. and Winter, J.M. 2016. Pancreatic cancer: A review. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 45:429–445. 1801. Yang, J.D., et al. 2019. A global view of hepatocellular carcinoma: Trends, risk, prevention, and management. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 16:589–604. 1802. Zurida, S. and Veronesi, U. 2015. Milestones in breast cancer treatment. Breast J. 21(1):3–12.

Diseases of the Blood or Blood-Forming Organs (ICD-03)

1803. Abu-Zeinah, G. 2020. understanding sideroblastic anemia: An overview of genetics, epidemiology, pathophysiology and current therapeutic options. J Blood Med. 11:305–318. 1804. Alfaraj, M.M. and Al Saeed, H.H. 2020. Pure red call aplasia: A disease of a great diversity. J Appl Hematol. 11:1–6. 1805. Chanarin, I. 2008. A history of pernicious anaemia. Br J Haematol. 111:407–415. 1806. Davis, L.G. 1975. Sickle Cell Anemia: A Preliminary Survey (Exchange Bibliography No. 763). Monticello, IL: Council of Planning Libraries. 1807. Denic, S. and Agarwal, M.M. 2007. Nutritional iron deficiency: An evolutionary perspective. Nutrition. 23(7–8):603–614. 1808. Finberg, K.E. 2009. Iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia. Semin Hematol. 46(4):378–386). 1809. Franchini, M. and Mannucci, P.M. 2014. The history of hemophilia. Semin Thromb Hemost. 40(5):571–576. 1810. Freedman, J. 2015. Autoimmune hemolysis: A journey through time. Transfus Med Hemother. 42(5):278–285.

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1811. Frenette, P.S. and Atweh, G.F. 2007. Sickle cell disease: Old discoveries, new concepts and future promise. J Clin Invest. 117(4):850–858. 1812. Fukutake, K. 2002. Progress in the field of hematology in the last 100 years: Medical history of blood coagulation disorder. Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. 91(7):2125. [Japanese] 1813. Grace, M. 1960. An historical review: The development of laboratory techniques in the study of hemophilia. Can J Med Technol. 22:111–118. 1814. Hart, G.D. 2001. Descriptions of blood and blood disorders before the advent of laboratory studies. Br J Haematol. 115(4):719–728. 1815. Hecht, E. 1966. History of hemophilia. Die Medizinische Welt. 40:2139–2149. [German] 1816. Hotta, T. 2002. Progress in the field of hematology in the last 100 years: Medical history of Aplastic anemia. Nihon Naika Gakkai. 91(7):2066. 1817. Hyman, G.A. 1963. Anemia in malignant neoplastic disease. J Chronic Dis. 16(7):645–666. 1818. Kitani, T. 2002. Progress in the field of hematology in the last 100 years: Medical history of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Nihon Naika Gakkai. 91(7):2078–2083. 1819. Lv, Y., et al. 2016. Hypersplenism: History and current status. Exp Ther Med. 12(4):2377–2382. 1820. Mack, P. and Freedman, J. 2000. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: A history. Transfus Med Rev. 14(3):223–233. 1821. Madu, A.J. and Ughasoro, M.D. 2017. Anaemia of chronic disease: An in-depth review. Med Princ Pract. 26:1–9. 1822. Miyazaki, T. 2002. Progress in the field of hematology in the last 100 years: Medical history of hypochromic anemia. Nihon Naika Gakkai. 91(7):2071. 1823. Nilsson, I.M. 1999. The history of von Willebrand disease. Haemophilia. 5(S2):7–11. 1824. Nissen, C. 1991. The pathophysiology of aplastic anemia. Semin Hematol. 28(4):313–318. 1825. Oldenburg, J., et al. 2014. Historical review on genetic analysis in hemophilia A. Semin Thrombosis Hemostasis. 40(8):895– 902.

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1826. Pasqualetti, P., et al. 1997. The natural history of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. A 5-to-20-year follow up of 263 cases. Acta Haematol. 97(3):174–179. 1827. Pemberton, S. 2011. The Bleeding Disease: Hemophilia and the Unintended Consequences of Medical Progress. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 1828. Pui, C.H. and Thiel, E. 2009. Central nervous system disease in hematologic malignancies: Historical perspective and practical applications. Semin Oncol. 36:S2–S16. 1829. Saito, H. 2013. A historical glance at hemophilia. Rinsho Ketsueki (The Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology). 54(10):1919–1925. [Japanese] 1830. Saito, H. and Kunishima, S. 2008. Historical hematology: May–Hegglin anomaly. Am J Hematol. 83(4):304–306. 1831. Steensma, D.P. 2005. Polycythemia: Plethora, from prehistory to present. Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 4(3):230–234. 1832. Triche, C.W. III and Triche, D.S. 1973. The Sickle Cell Hemoglobinopathies: A Comprehensive Bibliography 1910– 1972. Troy, NY: The Whitson Publishing Co. 1833. Wailoo, K. 2017. Sickle cell disease: A history of progress and peril. N Engl J Med. 376(9):805–807. 1834. Weatherall, D.J. 2010. Thalassemia: The Biography. New York: Oxford University Press. 1835. Weatherall, D.J. 2013. The role of the inherited disorders of hemoglobin, the first “molecular diseases,” in the future of human genetics. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 14:1–24. 1836. Young, N.S. 2002. Acquired aplastic anemia. Ann Intern Med. 136(7):534–546.

Diseases of the Immune System (ICD-04) 1837. Alves, M.R. and Isenberg, D.A. 2020. Mixed connective tissue disease: A condition in search of an identity. Clin Exp Med. 20:159–166. 1838. Anderson. W. and MacKay, I.R. 2014. Intolerant Bodies. A Short History of Autoimmunity. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Diseases of the Immune System

1839. Arachchillage, D.J. and Greaves, M. 2014. The chequered history of the antiphospholipid syndrome. Br J Haematol. 165(5):609–617. 1840. Bajaj, B.K., et al. 2015. Primary angiitis of central nervous system: The story of a great masquerader. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 6(3):399–401. 1841. Ball, G.V. 2010. The history of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 36(3):439–446. 1842. Benjamin, L. 1930. Dubois’s sequestra of the thymus gland of nonsyphilitic origin. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 39(3):586. 1843. Benjamin, T. and Cacoub, P. 2013. Cryoglobulinemia vasculitis: An update. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 25(1):10–18. 1844. Bergmann, K.C. and Ring, J. (Eds.). 2014. History of Allergy. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. 1845. Bock, S.A. and Atkins, F.M. 1989. The natural history of peanut allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 83(5):900–904. 1846. Boden, S.R. and Wesley Burks, A. 2011. Anaphylaxis: A history with emphasis on food allergy. Immunol Rev. 242(1):247– 257. 1847. Bohan, A. 1988. History and classification of polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Clin Dermatol. 6(2):3–8. 1848. Carpenter, S., et al. 1978. Inclusion body myositis: A distinct variety of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Neurology. 28(1):8–17. 1849. Chung, S.A. and Seo, P. 2010. Microscopic polyangiitis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 36(3):545–558. 1850. Cohen, S.G. 2008. The allergy archives. Pioneers and milestones. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 121(6):1521–1524. 1851. Danbolt, N. 1958. The historical aspects of sarcoidosis. Postgrad Med J. 34:245–247, 267. 1852. DesBiens, M., et al. 2019. A closer look at Penicillin allergy history: Systematic review and meta-analysis of tolerance to drug challenge. Am J Med. 133(4):452–462. 1853. Dixon, F.W. 1932. Mikulicz’ disease and syndrome. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 15(3):438–441. 1854. Dominguez-Andres, J. and Netea, M.G. 2019. Impact of historic migrations and evolutionary processes on human immunity. Trend Immunol. 40(12):1105–1119.

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1855. Dworetzky, M., et al. 2002. Portier, Richet, and the discovery of anaphylaxis: A centennial. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 110(2):331–336. 1856. Dyck, R.J. 2000. Historical development of latex allergy. AORN J. 72(1):25–40. 1857. Felten, R., et al. 2020. The history of lupus throughout the ages. J Am Acad Dermatol. S0190-9622(20):30772–30776. 1858. Fleischer, D.M., et al. 2005. The natural history of tree nut allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 116(5):1087–1093. 1859. Gilbar, P.J. and Ridge, A.M. 2004. History of opioid allergy: What significance? J Oncol Pharm Pract. 10:183–186. 1860. Hedges, T.R. 1964. The aortic arch syndromes. Arch Ophthalmol. 71(1):28–34. 1861. Hunder, G.G. 2006. The early history of giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: First descriptions to 1970. Mayo Clin Proc. 81(8):1071–1083. 1862. Ihn, H. 2019. Eosinophilic fasciitis: From pathophysiology to treatment. Allergol Int. 68(4):437–429. 1863. Jackson, M. 2001. Allergy: The making of a modern plague. Clin Exp Allergy. 31(11):1665–1671. 1864. Jackson, M. 2006. Allergy: The History of a Modern Malady. London: Reaktion Books. 1865. Jantina, T., et al. 2020. Where are we moving in the classification of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies? Curr Opin Neurol. 33(5):590–603. 1866. Jara, L.J., et al. 2009. Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 11(6):410–415. 1867. Johansson, S.G.O. 2016. The discovery of IgE. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 137(6):1671–1673. 1868. Kay, A.B. 2006. 100 years of ‘allergy’: Can von Pirquet’s word be rescued? Clin Exp Allergy. 36(5):555–559. 1869. Kay, A.B. 2014. Landmarks in allergy during the 19th century. Chem Immunol Allergy. 100:21–26. 1870. Keet, C.A., et al. 2009. The natural history of wheat allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 102(5):410–415. 1871. Laughlin, S. and Jackson, R. 1986. A brief history of drug reactions. Clin Dermatol. 4(1):1–14.

Diseases of the Immune System

1872. Leiding, J.W. 2017. Neutrophil evolution and their diseases in humans. Front Immunol. 8:1009. 1873. Levine, T.D. 2003. History of dermatomyositis. Arch Neurol. 60(5):780–781. 1874. Lichtenstein, L.M., et al. 1979. Insect allergy: The state of the art. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 64(1):5–12. 1875. Lo, C-H. and Lin, T-Y. 2014. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Respir Care. 59(10):e160–e162. 1876. Lopata, A.L. 2005. Insect allergies: Facts, gaps and future directions (Guest Editorial). Curr Allergy Clin Immunol. 18(2):54–56. 1877. Mackay, I.R. 2010. Travels and travails of autoimmunity: A historical journey from discovery to rediscovery. Autoimmun Rev. 9(5):251–258. 1878. Malphettes, M., et al. 2015. Good syndrome: An adult-onset immunodeficiency remarkable for its high incidence of invasive infections and autoimmune complications. Clin Infect Dis. 61(2):e13–e19. 1879. Mandel, W., et al. 1964. Bibliography on Sarcoidosis, 1878– 1963 (PHS Publication No. 1213/Bibliography Series No. 51). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service. 1880. Margo, C.E. and Harman, L.E. 2016. Autoimmune disease: Conceptual history and contributions of ocular immunology. Surv Ophthalmol. 61(5):680–688. 1881. Matteson, E.L. 1999. A history of early investigation in polyarteritis nodosa. Arthritis Care Res. 12(4):294–302. 1882. May, C.D. 1982. Food allergy: Lessons from the past. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 69(3):255–259. 1883. Meade, B. J., et al. 2002. Latex allergy: Past and present. Int Immunopharmacol. 2(2–3):225–238. 1884. Mitman, G. 2007. Breathing Space: How Allergies Shape Our Lives and Landscapes. Yale University Press. 1885. Ochs, H.D. and Hitzig, W.H. 2012. History of primary immunodeficiency diseases. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 12(6):577–587. 1886. Olin, J.W. 2018. Thromboangiitis Obliterans: 110 years old and little progress made. J Am Heart Assoc. 7(23):e011214.

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1887. Perlman, F. 1977. Stinging insect allergy: A historical sketch and a confused state. Ann Allergy. 39(4):285–287. 1888. Platts-Mills, T.A.E. 2015. The allergy epidemics 1870–2010. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 136(1):3–13. 1889. Raje, N. and Dinakar, C. 2015. Overview of immunodeficiency disorders. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 35(4):599–623. 1890. Ring, J. 2014. History of allergy in antiquity. Chem Immunol Allergy. 100:2–14. 1891. Ring, J., et al. 2010. History and classification of anaphylaxis. Chem Immunol Allergy. 95:1–11. 1892. Rodnan, G.P. and Benedek, T.G. 1962. An historical account of the study of progressive systemic sclerosis (diffuse scleroderma). Ann Intern Med. 57(2 Part 1):305–319. 1893. Rose, N. and Mackay, I. (Eds.) 2013. The Autoimmune Diseases (5th Edition). Academic Press. 1894. Rukavina, I. 2015. SAPHO syndrome: A review. J Child Ortho. 9(1):19–27. 1895. Sampson, H.A. 2016. Food allergy: Past, present, and future. Allergology Int. 65:363–369. 1896. Savage, J.H., et al. 2007. The natural history of egg allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 120(6):1413–1417. 1897. Savage, J.H., et al. 2016. The natural history of food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 4(2):196–203. 1898. Savage, J.H., et al. 2010. The natural history of soy allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 125(3):683–686. 1899. Schadewaldt, H. 1962. Physical allergy in the history of medicine. Folia Clin Int (Barc). 12:326–328. [Spanish] 1900. Sharma, O.P. 2005. Definition and history of sarcoidosis. Eur Respir Monograph. 32:1–12. 1901. Shedlofsky, L. and Crist, C. 2019. A rare disease more common than perceived: Two case studies and brief review of IgA Vasculitis. Int J Dermatol Clin Res. 5(1):003–005. 1902. Sherman, W.B. 1949. Drug allergy. JAMA. 140(5):447–450. 1903. Sussman, G.L., et al. 2002. Latex allergy: Historical perspective. Methods. 27:3–9. 1904. Smith, C.D. and Cyr, M. 1988. The history of lupus erythematosus. From Hippocrates to Osler. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 14(1):1–14.

Endocrine, Nutritional or Metabolic Diseases

1905. Smith, M. 2015. Another Person’s Poison: A History of Food Allergy. New York: Columbia University Press. 1906. Tachdjian, R., et al. 2014. A bad case of Good’s syndrome. Infect Dis Ther. 3:333–337. 1907. Tankersley, M.S. and Ledford, D.K. 2015. Stinging insect allergy: State of the art 2015. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 3(3):315–322. 1908. Unger, D.L. 1984. Allergies that could have changed history (Correspondence). J Allergy Clin Immunol. 74:547. 1909. Unknown Author. 1979. Allergy and immunology: An annotated bibliography of recent literature. Ann Intern Med. 90(1):135–139. 1910. Vineetha, M., et al. 2020. Autoinflammatory syndromes: A review. J Skin Sex Transmit Dis. 2(1):5–12. 1911. Vriesendorp, H.M. and Heidt, P.J. 2016. History of graftversus-host disease. Exp Hematol. 44(8):674–688. 1912. Wu, S., et al. 2014. Sneddon’s syndrome: A comprehensive review of the literature. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 9:215. 1913. Young, R.C., Jr., et al. 1984. Sarcoidosis: The beginning: Historical highlights to personalities and their accomplishments during the early years. J Nepal Med Assoc. 76(9):887–896.

Endocrine, Nutritional, or Metabolic Diseases (ICD-05)

1914. Ahmed, A.M. and Ahmed, N.H. 2005. History of disorders of thyroid dysfunction. East Mediterr Health J. 11(3):459–469. 1915. Aiken, C.G.A. 2013. History of medical understanding and misunderstanding of acid base balance. J Clin Diagn Res. 7(9):2038–2041. 1916. Alberti, K.G.M.M., et al. 2006. Metabolic syndrome: A new world-wide definition. A consensus statement from the International Diabetes Foundation. Diabet Med. 23:469–480. 1917. Alfadda, A.A., et al. 2014. Subacute thyroiditis: Clinical presentation and long-term outcome. Int J Endocrinol. 2014:794943.

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1918. Alfaro-Martínez, J.J. 2014. Historical figures at the office of endocrinology. Endocrinol Nutr. 61(7):382–388. 1919. Arnold, G.L. 2018. Inborn errors of metabolism in the 21st century: Past to present. Ann Transl Med. 6(24):467. 1920. Aronis, K.N. and Mantzoros, C.S. 2012. A brief history of insulin resistance: From the first insulin radioimmunoassay to selectively targeting protein kinase C pathways. Metabolism. 61(4):445–449. 1921. Athreya, B.H., et al. 1983. Arthropathy of Lowe’s (oculocerebrorenal) syndrome. Arthritis Rheumatol. 26(6):728–735. 1922. Azziz, R., et al. 2011. Polycystic ovary syndrome: An ancient disorder? Fertil Steril. 95(5):1544–1548. 1923. Baker, A., et al. 2019. Systematic review of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 43(1):20–36. 1924. Baserga, A. 1953. Medicine and nutritional disorders: Historical aspects and present possibilities. Il Farmaco; edizione Scientifica. 8(4):228. 1925. Bhavani, N. 2011. Transient congenital hypothyroidism. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 15(S2):S117–S120. 1926. Brosco, J.P. and Paul, D.B. 2013. The political history of PKU: Reflections on 50 years of newborn screening. Pediatrics. 132:987–989. 1927. Buxbaum, J.N. and Linke, R.P. 2012. A molecular history of the amyloidoses. J Mol Biol. 421(2–3):142–159. 1928. Carpenter, K.J. 1986. The History of Scurvy and Vitamin C. Cambridge University Press. 1929. Chopra, I.J. 1997. Euthyroid sick syndrome: Is it a misnomer? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 82(2):329–334. 1930. D’Avanzo, B., et al. 1995. History of thyroid diseases and subsequent thyroid cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 4:193–199. 1931. de Herder, W.W. 2016. The history of acromegaly. Neuroendocrinology. 103:7–17. 1932. DiMauro, S. 2011. A history of mitochondrial disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 34(2):261–276.

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1933. Dionigi, G. and Dionigi, R. 2013. Iconography of goiter: Four refined examples in the sacred mountain of Varese, Italy. Thyroid. 23(10). 1934. Dorairajan, N. and Pradeep, P.V. 2014. Vignette hyperparathyroidism: Glimpse into its history. Int Surg. 99:528–533. 1935. Ehrenkranz, J. and Davies, T.F. 2009. Why the history of thyroid disease is important. Thyroid. 19(9):929–931. 1936. Eichler, F.S., et al. 2016. Metachromatic leukodystrophy: An assessment of disease burden. J Child Neurol. 31(13):1457– 1463. 1937. Eknoyan, G. 2006. A history of obesity, or how what was good became ugly and then bad. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 14(3):421–427. 1938. Eknoyan, G. 2010. A history of diabetes insipidus: Paving the road to internal water balance. Am J Kidney Dis. 56:1175– 1183. 1939. Eknoyan, G. and Nagy, J. 2005. A history of diabetes mellitus or how a disease of the kidneys evolved Into a kidney disease. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 12(2):223–229. 1940. Elfeki, M.A., et al. 2020. Scurvy: Old, but still relevant. Cleve Clin J Med. 87(8):478–479. 1941. Elmonem, M.A., et al. Cystinosis: A review. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 11:47. 1942. e Silva, J.M. 2007. Brief history of rickets and of the discovery of vitamin D. Acta Reumatol Port. 32(3):205–229. 1943. Ferri, C. and Grassi, D. 2012. The history of primary hyperaldosteronism with simultaneous hypercortisolism. J Hypertens. 30(2):432–433. 1944. Gale, E.A.M. 2001. The discovery of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 50(2):217–226. 1945. Giannetta, E., et al. 2020. Calcitonin in thyroid and extrathyroid neuroendocrine neoplasms: The two-faced Janus. Eur J Endocrinol. 183(6):R197–R215. 1946. Graziano, A.C.E. and Cardile, V. 2015. History, genetic, and recent advances on Krabbe disease. Gene. 555(1):2–13.

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1947. Greenwald, I. 1945. The early history of goiter in the Americas, New Zealand, and in England: A contribution to the etiology of the disease. Bull Hist Med. 17(3):229–268. 1948. Greenwald, I. 1960. The significance of the history of goiter for the etiology of the disease. Am J Clin Nutri. 8(6):801–807. 1949. Haltia, M. and Goebel, H.H. 2013. The neuronal ceroidlipofuscinoses: A historical introduction. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1832(11):1795–1800. 1950. Haslam, D. 2011. The history of obesity (Commentary). Clin Obes. 1(4–6):189–197. 1951. Hassan, M.H., et al. 2018. Thiamine deficiency: Beriberi: A forgotten disease. Northern International Medical College Journal. 10(1):351–354. 1952. Hift, R.J., et al. 2011. A review of the clinical presentation, natural history and inheritance of variegate porphyria: Its implausibility as the source of the ‘Royal Malady.’ J Clin Pathol. 65:200–205. 1953. Hirano, K-i., et al. 2014. Disease-associated marked hyperalphalipoproteinemia. Mol Genet Metab Rep. 1:264– 268. 1954. Hiromatsu, Y., et al. 2013. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: History and future outlook. Hormones. 12(1):12–18. 1955. Holick, M.F. 2010. The vitamin D deficiency pandemic: A forgotten hormone important for health. Pub Health Rev. 32(1):267–283. 1956. Hornyak, M., et al. 2007. Nelson syndrome: Historical perspectives and current concepts. Neurosurg Focus. 23(3):E12. 1957. Hunziker-Kramer, H. 1935. The portrayal of goiter in paintings, drawings, and sculpture at the beginning of the 16th century. Schweiz Med Wschr. 65:13–17. 1958. Hyland, K. 1993. Abnormalities of biogenic amine metabolism. J Inherit Metab Dis. 16(4):676–690. 1959. Ihde, A.J. 1974. Studies on the history of rickets. I. Recognition of rickets as a deficiency disease. Pharm Hist. 16(3):83–88. 1960. Jihyun, A. 2008. Historical perspectives of the treatment of thyroid disease. Korean J Med Hist. 17:99–110. [English Abstract/Korean]

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1961. Karr, S. 2017. Epidemiology and management of hyperlipidemia. Am J Manag Care. 23:S139–S148. 1962. Keshavan, N. and Rahman, S. 2018. Natural history of mitochondrial disorders: A systematic review. Essays Biochem. 62(3):423–442. 1963. Keusch, G.T. 2003. The history of nutrition: Malnutrition, infection and immunity. J Nutr. 133:336S–340S. 1964. Khadangi, F. and Azzi, A. 2018. Vitamin E: The next 100 years. IUBMB Life. 71(4):411–415. 1965. Komaroff, M. 2016. For researchers on obesity: Historical review of extra body weight definitions. J Obesity. 2016:2460285. 1966. Kubena, K.S. and Durlach, J. 1990. Historical review of the effects of marginal intake of magnesium in chronic experimental magnesium deficiency. Magnes Res. 3(3):219– 226. 1967. Land, J.M., et al. 2004. Mitochondrial disease: A historical, biochemical, and London perspective. Neurochem Res. 29(3):483–491. 1968. Leelarathna, L., et al. 2009. Thomas Addison’s disease after 154 years: Modern diagnostic perspectives on an old condition. Q J Med. 102:569–573. 1969. Lentze, M.J. 2018. The history of maltose-active disaccharidases. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 66:S4–S6. 1970. Leslie, B.R. 2005. Metabolic syndrome: Historical perspectives. Am J Med Sci. 330(6):264–268. 1971. Levy, H.L. 2003. Historical background for the material PKU syndrome. Pediatrics. 112:1516–1518. 1972. Lindholm, J. 2000. Cushing’s syndrome: Historical aspects. Pituitary. 3(2):97–104. 1973. Lindholm, J. and Laurberg, P. 2011. Hypothyroidism and thyroid substitution: Historical aspects. J Thyroid Res. 2011:809341. 1974. Longo, N. 2009. Disorders of biopterin metabolism. J Inherit Metab Dis. 32(3):333–342. 1975. Malcomson, J.G. 1835. A Practical Essay on the History and Treatment of Beriberi. London: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

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2401. Temkin, O. 1971. The Falling Sickness: A History of Epilepsy from the Greeks to the Beginnings of Modern Neurology. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 2402. te Velde, A., et al. 2019. Early diagnosis and classification of cerebral palsy: An historical perspective and barriers to an early diagnosis. J Clin Med. 8(10):1599. 2403. Tomé, F.M.S. and Fardeau, M. 1985. Ocular myopathies. Path Res Pract. 180(1):19–27. 2404. Torreggiana, S., et al. 2013. Chorea, a little-known manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus: Short literature review and four case reports. Pediatr Rheumatol. 11:36. 2405. Toyokura, Y. 1971. A list of original and classical descriptions of neurological diseases, signs, and syndromes with their historical notes. Shinkei Kenkyu No Shimpo. 14(4):868–896. 2406. Turner, M.R. and Talbot, K. 2013. Mimics and chameleons in motor neurone disease. Pract Neurol. 13:153–164. 2407. Tyler, K.L. 2003. Origins and early descriptions of ‘Duchenne muscular dystrophy.’ Muscle Nerve. 28(4):402–422. 2408. Vale, T.C. and Cardoso, F. 2015. Chorea: A journey through history. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov. 5:tre-5-296. 2409. van de Graaf, R.C. and Nicolai, J.P.A. 2005. Bell’s palsy before Bell: Cornelis Stalpart van der Wiel’s observation of Bell’s palsy in 1683. Otol Neurotol. 26(6):1235–1238. 2410. Walshe, J.M. 2006. History of Wilson’s disease: 1912 to 2000. Mov Disord. 21(2):142–147. 2411. Walusinski, O. 2020. A historical approach to hereditary spastic paraplegia. Rev Neurol (Paris). 176(4):225–234. 2412. Wijdisck. E.F. 2020. The origin of intracranial pressure causing brainstem hemorrhages. Neurocrit Care. 32(1):323– 326. 2413. Wijdicks, E.F. and Klein, C.J. 2017. Guillain-Barre syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc. 92(3):467–479. 2414. Wilkins, R.H. 1985. Natural history of intracranial vascular malformations: A review. Neurosurgery. 16(3):421–430. 2415. Yates, P.A., et al. 2013. Cerebral microbleeds: A review of clinical, genetic, and neuroimaging associations. Front Neurol. 4:205.

Diseases of the Visual System

Diseases of the Visual System (ICD-09) 2416. Barbero, S. 2014. An ancient explanation of presbyopia based on binocular vision. Acta Ophthalmol. 92(4):394–399. 2417. Barisani-Asenbauer, T., et al. 2012. Uveitis—a rare disease often associated with systemic diseases and infections: A systematic review of 2619 patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 7:57. 2418. Bhatti, M.T. 2007. Orbital syndromes. Semin Neurol. 27(3):269–287. 2419. Bourne, J.A. 2010. Unravelling the development of the visual cortex: Implications for plasticity and repair. J Anat. 217(4):449–468. 2420. Cibis, L. 1975. History of amblyopia and its treatment. Am Orthopt J. 25:54–61. 2421. Costea, C.F., et al. 2017. The history of optic chiasm from antiquity to the twentieth century. Childs Nerv Syst. 33:1889– 1898. 2422. Cutarelli, P.E. and Aronsky, M.A. 1999. The painful eye: External and anterior segment causes. Clin Geriatr Med. 15(1):103–112. 2423. Danchaivijitr, C. and Kennard, C. 2004. Diplopia and eye movement disorders. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 75(S4):iv24–iv31. 2424. David, N.J. 1989. Optokinetic nystagmus: A clinical review. J Clin Neuroophthalmol. 9(4):258–266. 2425. de Jong, PTVM. 2018. Myopia: Its historical contexts. Br J Ophthalmol. 102(8):1021–1027. 2426. Dollfus, M.A. 1969. History of retinal detachment. Bull Soc Ophthalmol Fr. 69(5–6):569–577. [French] 2427. Domínguez-Rodríguez, M.V., et al. 2013. Jacques Guillemeau’s 16th-century account of ophthalmoplegia. JAMA Ophthalmol. 131(7):933–936. 2428. Feigenbaum, A. 1960. Early history of cataract and the ancient operation for cataract. Am J Ophthalmol. 49:305–326. 2429. Fine, S.T., et al. 2016. Historical perspectives on the management of macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal detachment. Ophthalmology. 123(10):S64–S77.

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Diseases and Disorders

2430. Flaxman, S.R., et al. 2017. Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990–2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Global Health. 5(12):e1221–e1234. 2431. Flitcroft, D.I. 2014. Emmetropisation and the aetiology of refractive errors. Eye. 28:169–179. 2432. Gryzbowski, A. and Kanclerz, P. 2018. Beginnings of astigmatism understanding and management in the 19th century. Eye Contact Lens. 44(S1):S22–S29. 2433. Gryzbowski, A. and McGhee, C.N.J. 2013. The early history of keratoconus prior to Nottingham’s landmark 1854 treatise on conical cornea: A review. Clin Exp Optom. 96(2):140–145. 2434. Hamed-Azzam, S., et al. 2018. Common orbital infections: State of the art. Part I. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 13(2):175–182. 2435. Hamed-Azzam, S., et al. 2018. Common orbital infections: State of the art. Part II. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 13(2):183–190. 2436. Hamedani, A.G. and Gold, D.R. 2017. Eyelid dysfunction in neurodegenerative, neurogenetic, and neurometabolic disease. Front Neurol. 8:239. 2437. Hunt, D.M., et al. 1995. The chemistry of John Dalton’s color blindness. Science. 267(5200):984–988. 2438. Kaeser, P-F. and Kawasaki, A. 2010. Disorders of pupillary structure and function. Neurol Clin. 28(3):657–677. 2439. Knoll, H.A. 1953. A brief history of nocturnal myopia and related phenomena. Am J Optometry. 29:69–81. 2440. Leffler, C.T., et al. 2015. The early history of glaucoma: The glaucous eye (800 BC to 1050 AD). Clin Ophthalmol. 9:207– 215. 2441. Leffler, C.T., et al. 2015. What was glaucoma called before the 20th century? Ophthalmol Eye Dis. 7:21–33. 2442. Lin, W.V., et al. 2020. Outcomes of cataract surgery complicated by retained lens fragments requiring pars plana vitrectomy. Clin Ophthalmol. 14:939–946. 2443. MacMillan, J.A. 1948. Diseases of the lacrimal gland and ocular complications. JAMA. 138(11):801–805. 2444. Müller, K. 1953. The history of myopia. Monatsschr Feinmech u Optik. 70:257–258. 2445. Nathan, J. 2000. Hippocrates to Duke-Elder: An overview of the history of glaucoma. Clin Exp Optometry. 83(5):116–118.

Diseases of the Visual System

2446. Noorden, G.K. 1972. Classification, diagnosis, and natural history of amblyopia. Isr J Med Sci. 8(8):1465–1468. 2447. Piper, H.F. 2002. The history of research into the disorders of reading and accommodation in strabismic amblyopia. Strabismus. 10(2):83–93. 2448. Reeves, C. and Taylor, D. 2004. A history of the optic nerve and its diseases. Eye. 18(11):1096–1109. 2449. Rucker, C.W. 1965. Cataract: A historical perspective. Invest Ophthalmol. 4(4):377–383. 2450. Sánchez, M.C., et al. 2011. Allergic conjunctivitis. J Invest Allergic Clin Immunol. 21(S2):1–19. 2451. Shaffer, R.N. 1996. The centennial history of glaucoma, 1896– 1996. Ophthalmology. 103(S8):S40–S50. 2452. Sharbini, S.H., et al. 2009. Natural history of anisometropia and its association with amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Visual Sci. 50(13):4752. 2453. Taylor, D. 1998. Congenital cataract: The history, the nature and the practice. Eye. 12:9–36. 2454. Taylor, D.M. 1983. Pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. Ophthalmology. 90(1):19–24. 2455. Thygeson, P. 1976. Historical observations on herpetic keratitis. Survey Ophthalmol. 21(2):82–90. 2456. Troost, B.T. 1989. Nystagmus: A clinical review. Rev Neurol (Paris). 145(6–7):417–428. 2457. Walton, W., et al. 2002. Management of traumatic hyphema. Survey Ophthalmol. 47(4):297–334. 2458. Westheimer, G. 2007. First description of aniseikonia. Br J Ophthalmol. 91(1):6. 2459. Zayed, A. and Mostafa S. 1976. Retinal detachment: Past, present, and future. Bull Ophthalmol Soc Egypt. 69(73):353– 360.

Diseases of the Ear or Mastoid Process (ICD-10)

2460. Afolabi, O.A. 2009. Traumatic tympanic membrane perforation: An aetiological profile. BMC Res Notes. 2:232.

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Diseases and Disorders

2461. Agarwal, N.M., et al. 2013. Clinical and histopathological study of mass in ear: A study of fifty cases. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 65(S3):520–525. 2462. Alderson, D. 2011. The glue ear ‘epidemic’: A historical perspective. J Med Humanit. 37(2):110–114. 2463. Altemeier, W.A. III. 2000. A brief history of otitis media. Pediatr Ann. 29(10):599. 2464. Arda, B. and Aksu, M. 2004. What the Hittites’ tablets tell us? A short historical view of deafness on the basic of genetics. Turk J Med Sci. 34(5):357–358. 2465. Browne, L. 1878. The Throat and its Diseases. London: Baillière, Tindall and Cox. 2466. Chakravorty, R.C. 1971. Head and neck diseases in an ancient Indian surgical text (The Sushruta-Samhita). Med Hist. 15(4):393–396. 2467. Chang, P. and Kim, S. 2008. Cholesteatoma: Diagnosing the unsafe ear. Australian Fam Phys. 37(8):631–637. 2468. Diamant, H. and Hultcrantz, M. 1996. Glimpses from the history of otitis media. Nord Medicinhist Arsb. 189–195. 2469. Farahmand, R.B., et al. 2016. The audiometric and mechanical effects of partial ossicular discontinuity. Ear Hear. 37(2):206– 215. 2470. Farouk, M. 2019. The acute vestibular syndrome. Res J Ear Nose Throat. 3(1):1. 2471. Felisati, D. 2007. Deafness in the 20th century. Evolution of clinical otology, prevention and rehabilitation of hearing defects. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 27(1):45–53. 2472. Fujimoto, C., et al. 2019. Recent advances in idiopathic bilateral vestibulopathy: A literature review. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 14:202. 2473. Glasscock, M.E. III. 1968. History of the diagnosis and treatment of acoustic neuroma. Arch Otolaryngol. 88(6):578– 585. 2474. Hornibrook, J. 2011. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV): History, pathophysiology, office treatment and future directions. Int J Otolaryngol. 4:835671. 2475. Hornibrook, J. 2012. Perilymph fistula: Fifty years of controversy. Int Scholarly Res Notes. 2012:281248.

Diseases of the Ear or Mastoid Process

2476. Howie, V.M. 1975. Natural history of otitis media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 84(S2):67–72. 2477. Huppert, D. and Brandt, T. Dizziness and vertigo syndromes viewed with a historical eye. J Neurol. 265(S1):127–133. 2478. Kemler, J.I. 1926. Unusual types of mastoiditis. Arch Otolaryngol. 3(2):148–150. 2479. Kuhn, M., et al. 2011. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Trends Amplif. 15(3):91–105. 2480. Lascaratos, J. and Assimakopoulos, D. 1999. From the roots of otology: Diseases of the ear and their treatment in Byzantine times (324–1453 A.D.). Am J Otolaryngol. 20(3):397–402. 2481. Lowell, S.H. and Paparella, M.M. 1977. Presbycusis: What is it? Laryngoscope. 87:1710–1717. 2482. Mancini, F., et al. 2002. History of Meniere’s disease and its clinical presentation. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 35(3):565– 580. 2483. McLaurin, J.W. 1954. Otitis externa: The facts of the matter. JAMA. 154(3):207–213. 2484. Neilson, L.J. and Hussain, S.S.M. 2007. Management of granular myringitis: A systematic review. J Laryngol Otol. 122(1):3–10. 2485. Ostrowski, V.B. and Wiet, R.J. 1996. Pathologic conditions of the external ear and auditory canal. Postgrad Med. 100(3):223–228, 233–237. 2486. Reagan, T. 2002. Toward an” archeology of deafness”: Etic and emic constructions of identity in conflict. Journal of Language, Identity and Education. 1(1):41–66. 2487. Rensink, M.J. 2012. Through the otoscope: The mysterious tympanosclerosis. The Hearing Journal. 65(1):6. 2488. Schilder, A.G.M., et al. 2015. Eustachian tube dysfunction: Consensus statement on definition, types, clinical presentation and diagnosis. Clin Otolaryngol. 40(5):407–411. 2489. Singh, A. and Irugu, D.V.K. 2020. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss: A contemporary review of management issues. J Otol. 15:67–73. 2490. Sohn, J-H. 2016. Recent advances in the understanding of vestibular migraine. Behav Neurol. 2016:1801845.

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Diseases and Disorders

2491. Soldati, D. and Mudry, A. 2001. Knowledge about cholesteatoma, from the first description to the modern histopathology. Otol Neurol. 22(6):723–730. 2492. St. John Roosa, D.B. 1891. A Practical Treatise on the Diseases of the Ear. New York: William Wood & Co. 2493. Stephens, S.D. 1982. Some historical aspects of ototoxicity. Br J Audiol. 16(2):76–80. 2494. Swain, S.K., et al. 2020. A scoping review of vestibular paroxysmia: An acute disabling clinical entity. J Acute Dis. 9(6):248–252. 2495. Tange, R.A. 2014. The History of Otosclerosis Treatment. The Netherlands: Kugler Publishers. 2496. Te, B.C. and Abdullah, A. 2020. Bilateral external ear canal Frey’s syndrome: A rare disease. Egypt J Otolaryngol. 36:10. 2497. Thurston, F.E. 2013. The worker’s ear: A history of noiseinduced hearing loss. Am J Ind Med. 56(3):367–377. 2498. Vona, B., et al. 2015. Non-syndromic hearing loss gene identification: A brief history and glimpse into the future. Mol Cell Probes. 29(5):260–270. 2499. Ward, B.K., et al. 2017. Superior canal dehiscence syndrome: Lessons from the first 20 years. Front Neurol. 8:177. 2500. Yetiser, S., et al. 2008. Traumatic ossicular dislocations: Etiology and management. Am J Otolaryngol. 29(1):31–36. 2501. Yildirm, N. 2012. Hearing impairment in vascular disorders. Van Tip Dergist. 19(3):149–157. 2502. Young, G. 1950. Aural cholesteatoma—or cholesteatosis. A review. Proc R Soc Med. 53:75–82.

Diseases of the Circulatory System (ICD-11)

2503. Albakri, A. 2018. Restrictive cardiomyopathy: A review of literature on clinical status and meta-analysis of diagnosis and clinical management methods. Int Med Care. 2(1):1–15. 2504. Amin, R., et al. 2009. Pulmonary vein stenosis: Case report and literature review. Can Respir J. 16(6):e77–e80. 2505. Aspelund, A., et al. Lymphatic system in cardiovascular medicine. Circ Res. 118:515–530.

Diseases of the Circulatory System

2506. Athithan, L., et al. 2019. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology, theories and evidence to date. World J Diabetes. 10(10):490–510. 2507. Ball, G.V. 2010. The history of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 36(3):439–446. 2508. Barst, R.J. 2008. Pulmonary hypertension: Past, present and future. Ann Thorac Med. 3(1):1–4. 2509. Beckman, J.A. 2002. Disease of the veins. Circulation. 106(17):2170–2172. 2510. Binney, N. 2018. The function of the heart is historically contingent. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 68–69:42–55. 2511. Blais, C., et al. 2020. Complex evolution of epidemiology of vascular diseases, including increased disease burden: From 2000 to 2015. Can J Cardiol. 36(5):740–746. 2512. Castañeda, A. 2005. Congenital heart disease: A surgicalhistorical perspective. Ann Thorac Surg. 79(6):2217–2220. 2513. Charles, L., et al. 2017. Secondary hypertension: Discovering the underlying cause. Am Fam Physician. 96(7):453–461. 2514. Cheatle, T.R., et al. 1991. The investigation of peripheral vascular disease: A historical perspective. Vascular Med Rev. 2:101–109. 2515. Chen, D., et al. 2019. A bibliometric analysis of the development of ICD-11 in medical informatics. J Healthc Eng. 2019:1649363. 2516. Cheng, T.O. 2002. Ischemic cardiomyopathy: A historical note. J Am Coll Cardiol. 39(9):1564–1565. 2517. Christopher, W.S. 1893. Pathogenesis of bronchitis, in infants and children. JAMA. 21(24):871–872. 2518. Churg, J. 1991. Nomenclature of vasculitic syndromes: A historical perspective. Am J Kidney Dis. 18(2):148–153. 2519. Coats, C.J. and Hollman, A. 2008. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Lessons from history. Heart. 94(10):1258– 1263. 2520. Cohen, P. and O’Gara, P.T. 2008. Coronary artery aneurysms: A review of the natural history, pathophysiology, and management. Cardiol Rev. 16:301–304.

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Diseases and Disorders

2521. Comrie, J.H. 1983. Exploring the Heart: Discoveries in Heart Disease and High Blood Pressure. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. 2522. Cooper, L.T., Jr., et al. 1995. Giant cell myocarditis. J Heart Lung Transplant. 14(2):394–401. 2523. Davis, R.C., et al. 2000. ABC of heart failure. History and epidemiology. BMJ. 320:39–42. 2524. Drazner, M.H. 2011. The progression of hypertensive heart disease. Circulation. 123:327–334. 2525. East, C.F.T. 1957. The Story of Heart Disease. London: William Dawson. 2526. Evans, W.N., et al. 2009. One hundred years of texts describing congenitally malformed hearts from 1814–1914. Cardiol Young. 19(1):12–29. 2527. Farhat, T., et al. 2013. Research in congenital heart disease: A comparative bibliometric analysis between developing and developed countries. Pediatr Cardiol. 34(2):375–382. 2528. Federowski, A. 2013. Syndromes of orthostatic intolerance: A hidden danger. J Intern Med. 273:322–335. 2529. Ferrari, R., et al. 2016. Heart failure: An historical perspective. Eur Heart J. 18(SG):G3–G10. 2530. Flaxman, N. 1937. The history of heart block. Bull Hist Med. 5:115–130. 2531. Fowler, N.O. 1995. Constrictive pericarditis: Its history and current status. Clin Cardiol. 18(6):341–350. 2532. Fye, W.B. 1993. Disorders of the heartbeat: A historical overview from antiquity to the mid-20th century. Am J Cardiol. 72(14):1055–1070. 2533. Galanaud, J.-P., et al. 2013. The history and historical treatments of deep vein thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost. 11:402–411. 2534. Gartrell, E. F. 1935. An historical survey of the progress of medicine in relation to cardio‐vascular disease. Med J Aust. 2(20):681–687. 2535. Gelb, B.D. 2015. History of our understanding of the causes of congenital heart disease. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 8(3):529– 536.

Diseases of the Circulatory System

2536. Geller, S.A. 2013. Infective endocarditis: A history of the development of its understanding. Autops Case Rep. 3(4):5– 12. 2537. Goodwin, J.F. 1987. Myocarditis and perimyocarditis. Historical survey, epidemiology and clinical features. Eur Heart J. 8(SJ):7–9. 2538. Gossage, J.R. and Kanj, G. 1998. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: A state of the art review. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 158:643–661. 2539. Guillaume, B., et al. 2017. Acquired pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms: A pictorial review. Br J Radiol. 90:20160783. 2540. Gupta, M., et al. 2020. Pulmonary artery aneurysm: A review. Pulm Circ. 10(1):1–10. 2541. Habermann, T.M. and Steensma, D.P. 2000. Lymphadenopathy. Mayo Clin Proc. 75(7):723–732. 2542. Hajar, R. 2016. Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: A historical perspective. Heart Views. 17(3):120–126. 2543. Hajar, R. 2017. Coronary heart disease: From mummies to 21st century. Heart Views. 18(2):68–74. 2544. Hajar, R. 2019. Congestive heart failure: A history. Heart Views. 20(3):129–132. 2545. Harlos, J. and Heidland, A. 1994. Hypertension as cause and consequence of renal disease in the 19th century. Am J Nephrol. 14(4–6):436–442. 2546. Hewes, J.L., et al. 2020. The changing face of pulmonary hypertension diagnosis: A historical perspective on the influence of diagnostics and biomarkers. Pulm Circ. 10(1):1– 26. 2547. Heyne, T.F. 2016. Lanfranco’s dropsical child: The first depiction of congenital heart disease? Pediatrics. 138(2):e20154594. 2548. Hodara, M. 1966. History of peripheral vascular diseases. Coeur et medecine interne. 5(3):315–323. [French] 2549. Howell, J.D. 2011. Coronary heart disease and heart attacks, 1912–2010. Med Hist. 55:307–312.

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Diseases and Disorders

2550. Hulot, J-S., et al. 2004. Natural history and risk stratification of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 110(14):1879–1884. 2551. Hung, M-J. and Cherng, W-J. 2013. Coronary avasospastic angina: Current understanding and the role of inflammation. Acta Cardiol. 29(1):1–10. 2552. Isselbacher, E.M. 2005. Thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms. Circulation. 111(6):816–828. 2553. Janse, M.J. and Rosen, M.R. 2006. History of arrhythmias. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 171:1–39. 2554. Jarcho, S.W. 1980. The Concept of Heart Failure from Avicenna to Alberti. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 2555. Jones, W.B., et al. 1972. Natural history of coronary heart disease. Bull NY Acad Sci. 48(9):1109–1125. 2556. Khasnis, A. and Thakur, R.K. 2009. Atrial fibrillation: A historical perspective. Cardiol Clin. 27:1–12. 2557. Kitchen, T.A. 2011. Historical trends and milestones in hypertension research. Hypertension. 58(4):522–538. 2558. Leibowitz, J.O. 1970. The History of Coronary Heart Disease. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2559. Levy, S., et al. 1998. Atrial fibrillation: Current knowledge and recommendations for management. Eur Heart J. 19:1294– 1320. 2560. Liao, J., et al. 2016. The most cited articles in coronary heart disease: A bibliometric analysis between 1970 and 2015. Int J Cardiol. 222:1049–1052. 2561. Lichtlen, P.R. 2002. History of coronary heart disease. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie. 91(10):56–59. 2562. Liew, A.C., et al. 2017. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Past, present and future. J Clin Med. 6(12):118. 2563. Liu, P.P. and Mason, J.W. 2001. Advances in the understanding of myocarditis. Circulation. 104:1076–1082. 2564. Lüderitz, B. 2002. History of the Disorders of Cardiac Rhythm. Armonk, NY: Futura Publishing. 2565. Luri, P.M. 2010. Changing concepts of endocardial fibroelastosis. Cardiol Young. 20(2):115–123.

Diseases of the Circulatory System

2566. Marrone, D., et al. 2019. History of the discovery of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J. 40(14):1100– 1104. 2567. McFadden, P.M. and Ochsner, J.L. 2002. A history of the diagnosis and treatment of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Ochsner J. 4(1):9–13. 2568. McMichael, J. 1982. History of atrial fibrillation 1628–1819. Br Heart J. 48:193–197. 2569. Menezes, A.R., et al. 2013. Atrial fibrillation in the 21st Century: A current understanding of risk factors and primary prevention strategies. Mayo Clin Proc. 88(4):394–409. 2570. Meyer, P., et al. 2008. Empress Sissi and cardiac tamponade: An historical perspective. Am J Cardiol. 102(9):1278–1280. 2571. Michaels, L. 1966. Aetiology of coronary artery disease: An historical approach. Br Heart J. 28:258–264. 2572. Nolan, J. 1993. A historical review of heart failure. Scott Med J. 38(2):53–57. 2573. Postel-Vinay, N. (Ed.) 1997. A Century of Arterial Hypertension, 1896–1996. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons. 2574. Prystowsky, E.N. 2008. The history of atrial fibrillation: The last 100 years. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 19(6):575–582. 2575. Rapaport, E. 1975. Natural history of aortic and mitral valve disease. Am J Cardiol. 35(2):221–227. 2576. Rasmi, Y., et al. 2017. A brief history of cardiac syndrome X: A biochemical view. J Tehran Univ Heart Cent. 12(1):46–48. 2577. Rolleston, H.D. 1928. Cardio-Vascular Diseases Since Harvey’s Discovery. Cambridge University Press. 2578. Rolleston, H.D. 1937. The history of Angina Pectoris. Glasgow Med J. 127:205–225. 2579. Royle, J. and Somjen, G.M. 2007. Varicose veins: Hippocrates to Jerry Moore. ANZ J Surg. 77(12):1120–1127. 2580. Ruskin, A. 1956. Classics in Arterial Hypertension. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 2581. Shahid, I., et al. 2020. Characteristics of highly cited articles in heart failure: A bibliometric analysis. Future Cardiol. 16(3).

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Diseases and Disorders

2582. Sinclair-Smith, B.C. and Newman, E.V. 1970. Tricuspid valve disease: An historical and physiological perspective. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc. 81:143–159. 2583. Surawicz, B. 2003. Brief history of cardiac arrhythmias since the end of the nineteenth century. Part I. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 14(12):1365–1371. 2584. Surawicz, B. 2004. Brief history of cardiac arrhythmias since the end of the nineteenth century. Part II. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 15(1):101–111. 2585. Varounis, C., et al. 2016. Cardiovascular hypertensive crisis: Recent evidence and review of the literature. Front Cardiovasc Med. 3:51. 2586. Warren, A.G., et al. 2007. Lymphedema: A comprehensive review. Ann Plast Surg. 59(4):464–472. 2587. Warren, R. 1980. Behavior of venous thrombi: Historical observations. Arch Surg. 115(10):1151–1154. 2588. Wellens, H.J.J. 2004. Cardia arrhythmias: The quest for a cure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 44(6):1155–1163. 2589. Wood, K.E. 2009. A history of pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis. Crit Care Clin. 25(1):115–131.

Diseases of the Respiratory System (ICD-12)

2590. Acosta, P.L., et al. 2016. Brief history and characterization of enhanced respiratory syncytial virus disease. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 23(3):189–195. 2591. Alexander, H.I. 1963. A historical account of death from asthma. J Allergy. 34(4):305–313. 2592. Amato, J.A. 2001. Dust: A History of the Small and the Invisible. University of California Press. 2593. Behr, J. and Costable, U. 2010. Interstitial lung diseases: Historical development, current status, future prospects. Pneumologie. 64(9):573–576. [English Abstract/German] 2594. Bernard, G.R. 2005. Acute respiratory distress syndrome: A historical perspective. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 172(7):798– 806. 2595. Blasi, F., et al. 2007. 100 years of respiratory medicine: Pneumonia. Respir Med. 101:875–881.

Diseases of the Respiratory System

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2715. Hamill, J.K., et al. 2013. Historical aspects of appendicitis in children. ANZ J Surg. 84:307–310. 2716. Hartleb, M. et al. 2011. Nodular regenerative hyperplasia: Evolving concepts on underdiagnosed cause of portal hypertension. World J Gastroenterol. 17(11):1400–1409. 2717. Hau, T. 2000. The history of peritonitis. Acta Chir Austriaca. 32:157. 2718. Heathcote, E.J. 2003. Primary biliary cirrhosis: Historical perspective. Clin Liver Dis. 7:735–740. 2719. Herd, D. 1992. Ideology, history and changing models of liver cirrhosis epidemiology. Br J Addict. 87:1113–1126. 2720. Hunt, R.H., et al. 2015. The stomach in health and disease. Gut. 64(10):1650–1668. 2721. Islam, I., et al. 1985. Annotated bibliography of Asian literature on diarrhoeal diseases. J Diarrhoeal Dis Res. 3(4):226–265. 2722. Khan, M.S.I. and Ali, M.M. 1995. Bibliography on diarrhoeal diseases. J Diarrhoeal Dis Res. 13(3):187–206. 2723. Khan, M.S.I., et al. 1999. Bibliography on diarrhoeal diseases. J Diarrhoeal Dis Res. 17(2):135–166. 2724. Kidd, M. and Modlin, I.M. 1997. A century of Helicobacter pylori. Digestion. 59:1–15. 2725. Kirsner, J.B. 1988. Historical aspects of inflammatory bowel disease. J Clin Gastroenterol. 10(3):286–297. 2726. Kirsner, J.B. 2001. Historical origins of current IBD concepts. World J Gastroenterol. 7(2):175. 2727. Kramer, B. and Kanof, A. 1960. Diarrhea in children: A historical review. J Pediatr. 57(5):769–783. 2728. Krishna, S., et al. 2015. Clinical and microbiological study of intertrigo. International Journal of Scientific Study. 3(4):6–10. 2729. Krishnamurthy, S., et al. 2015. Salivary gland disorders: A comprehensive review. World J Stomatol. 4(2):56–71. 2730. Kuipers, E.J. and Spaander, M.C. 2018. Natural history of Barrett’s esophagus. Digest Dis Sci. 63:1997–2004. 2731. Lau, W.Y. and Leow, C.K. 1997. History of perforated duodenal and gastric ulcers. World J Surg. 21:890–896. 2732. Laufman, H. 1941. The history of hemorrhoids. Am J Surg. 53(2):381–387.

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2747. Modlin, I.M., et al. 2003. Historical perspectives on the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastrointest Endoscopy Clin N Am. 13(1):19–55. 2748. Modlin, I.M., et al. 2004. Gastroesophageal reflux disease: Then and now. J Clin Gastroenterol. 38(5):390–402. 2749. Mowat, A.P. 1996. Biliary atresia into the 21st century: A historical perspective. Hepatology. 23(6):1693–1695. 2750. Mulder, D.J., et al. 2014. A tale of two diseases: The history of inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohn’s Colitis. 8(5):341–348. 2751. Naseri, M., et al. 2016. Bloating: Avicenna’s perspective and modern medicine. J Evi Based Comp Alt Med. 21(2):154–159. 2752. Newnham, E.D. 2017. Coeliac disease in the 21st century: Paradigm shifts in the modern age. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 32(1):82–85. 2753. O’Brien, B. and Newton, N. 1991. Psyche versus soma: Historical evolution of beliefs about nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 12:91–120. 2754. Odze, R.D. 2015. A contemporary and critical appraisal of ‘indeterminate colitis.’ Mod Pathol. 28:s30–s46. 2755. O’Riley, D. and Kingsnorth, A.N. 2001. A brief history of pancreatitis. J R Soc Med. 94(3):130–132. 2756. Pannala, R., et al. 2009. Acute pancreatitis: A historical perspective. Pancreas. 38(4):355–66. 2757. Panta, P. and Erugula, S.R. 2015. Median rhomboid glossitis: Developmental or candida? Pan Afr Med J. 21:221. 2758. Parks, T.G. 1969. Natural history of diverticular disease of the colon: A review of 521 cases. BMJ. 4(5684):639–642. 2759. Parlatescu, L., et al. 2014. Oral leukoplakia: An update. Maedica (Bucur). 9(1):88–93. 2760. Patterson, S.W. 1950. The history of diverticulitis of the intestine. Proc R Soc Med. 43(11):785–789. 2761. Peres, M.A., et al. 2019. Oral diseases: A global public health challenge. Lancet. 394:249–260. 2762. Pérez, R.P., et al. 2012. Hepatosplenic peliosis: A case report and a literature review. Rev Col Gastroenterol. 27(1):43–51. 2763. Philips, C.A. and Sahney, A. 2016. Oesophageal and gastric varices: Historical aspects, classification and grading:

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2778. Talley, N.J. and Choung, R.S. 2009. Whither dyspepsia? A historical perspective of functional dyspepsia, and concepts of pathogenesis and therapy in 2009. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 24(S3):S20–S28. 2779. Taylor, E. E.T. 1949. Crohn’s disease: A review. Postgrad Med J. 25(284):245. 2780. Terrin, G., et al. 2012. Congenital diarrheal disorders: An updated diagnostic approach. Int J Mol Sci. 13(4):4168–4185. 2781. Villalba, H. and Abbas, M.A. 2007. Hemorrhoids: Modern remedies for an ancient disease. Perm J. 11(2):74–76. 2782. Vogel, J.E., et al. 1986. Macroglossia: A review of the condition and a new classification. Plast Reconstr Surg. 78(6):715–723. 2783. Watt, R.G., et al. 2019. Ending the neglect of global oral health: time for radical action. Lancet. 394:261–272. 2784. Wiesner, R.H. 1994. Current concepts in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Mayo Clin Proc. 69(10):969–982. 2785. Wu, J.S. 2009. Rectal prolapse: A historical perspective. Curr Probl Surg. 46(8):602–716. 2786. Zaterka, S., et al. 2019. Historical perspective of gastroesophageal reflux disease clinical treatment. Arq Gastroenterol. 56(2):202–208.

Diseases of the Skin (IDC-14) 2787. Acorn, S. and Joachim, G. 2003. Scleroderma: Living with unpredictability. AAOHN J. 51(8):353–357. 2788. Agarwal, U.S. and Ehrlich, A. 2010. Stoma dermatitis: Prevalent but often overlooked. Dermatitis. 21(3):138–147. 2789. Agarwal, U.S., et al. 2014. Hand eczema. Indian J Dermatol. 59(3):213–224. 2790. Ahmed, A., et al. 2019. Genetic hair disorders: A review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 9:421–448. 2791. Aldahan, A.S., et al. 2016. Sun exposure in history (Notable Notes). JAMA Dermatol. 152(8):896. 2792. Aquino, M. and Mucci, T. 2013. Systemic contact dermatitis and allergy to biomedical devices. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 13(5):518–527.

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2793. Bechet, P.E. 1936. Psoriasis: A brief historical review. Arch Dermatol Syphil. 33(2):327–334. 2794. Belbézier, A., et al. 2020. Idiopathic angioedema: Current challenges. J Asthma Allergy. 13:137–144. 2795. Bhattacharya, T., et al. 2016. Historical perspectives on atopic dermatitis: Eczema through the ages. Pediatr Dermatol. 33(4):375–379. 2796. Biesbroeck, L. and Sidbury, R. 2013. Viral exanthems: An update. Dermatol Ther. 26(6):433–438. 2797. Borda, L.J. and Wikramanayake, T.C. 2015. Seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff: A comprehensive review. J Clin Invest Dermatol. 3(2). 2798. Botelho, L.F.F., et al. 2016. Necrolytic acral erythema: A rare skin disease associated with hepatitis C virus infection. An Bras Dermatol. 91(5):649–651. 2799. Bowden, P.E. 2011. Peeling skin syndrome: Genetic defects in late terminal differentiation of the epidermis. J Invest Dermatol. 131(3):561–564. 2800. Broadly, D. 2020. A ‘hair-raising’ history of alopecia areata. Exp Dermatol. 29(3):208–222. 2801. Brown, S., et al. 2017. Inherited skin tumor syndromes. Clin Med (Lond). 17(6):562–567. 2802. Cleveland, D.E.H. 1936. Lichen simplex chronicus: 170 consecutive cases encountered in private practice. Arch Derm Syphilol. 33(2):316–326. 2803. Coulombe, P.A., et al. 2009. Epidermolysis bullosa simplex: A paradigm for disorders of tissue fragility. J Clin Invest. 119(7):1784–1793. 2804. Cranendonk, D.R., et al. 2017. Cellulitis: Current insights into pathophysiology and clinical management. Neth J Med. 75(9):366–378. 2805. Cribier, B. 2013. Medical history of the representation of rosacea in the 19th century. J Am Acad Dermatol. 69(6):s2– s14. 2806. da Silva, J.A., et al. 2013. Paraneoplastic cutaneous manifestations: Concepts and updates. An Bras Dermatol. 88(1):9–22. [Portuguese Abstract/English]

Diseases of the Skin

2807. De Silva, U. and Parish, L.C. 1994. Historical approach to scleroderma. Clin Dermatol. 12(2):201–205. 2808. Dogra, A. and Arora, A.K. 2014. Nail psoriasis: The journey so far. Indian J Dermatol. 59(4):319–333. 2809. D’Orazio, J., et al. 2013. UV radiation and the skin. Int J Mol Sci. 14(6):12222–12248. 2810. Drago, F., et al. 2016. Pityriasis rosea: A comprehensive classification. Dermatology. 232:431–437. 2811. Enos, C., et al. 2017. Contact dermatitis: A historical perspective. Wiener Med Wochenschrift. 167(S1):2–4. 2812. Farber, E.M. 1992. History of the treatment of psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 27(4):640–645. 2813. Farber, E.M. and Nall, L. 1992. Natural history and treatment of scalp psoriasis. Cutis. 49(6):396–400. 2814. Farhi, D. and Wallach, D. 2008. The neutrophilic dermatoses. Dermatol Nurs. 20(4):274–276, 279–282. 2815. Fessler, A. 1953. Skin diseases in 17th and 18th century Lancashire: Local history documents. Bull Hist Med. 27(5):414–419. 2816. Fox, B.J. and Odom, R.B. 1985. Papulosquamous diseases: A review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 12(4):597–624. 2817. Gorouhi, F., et al. 2014. Cutaneous and mucosal lichen planus: A comprehensive review of clinical subtypes, risk factors, diagnosis, and prognosis. Sci World J. 2014:742826. 2818. Grant, R.N.R. 1951. The history of acne. Proc R Soc Med. 44(8):647–652. 2819. Halfens, R.J.G. and Haalboom, J.R.E. 2001. A historical overview of pressure ulcer literature of the past 35 years. Wound Manag Prevent. 47(11):36, 43. 2820. Hamilton, A.E. 1914. Albinism in man. J Hered. 5(11):489– 491. 2821. Handa, S., et al. 2011. Airborne contact dermatitis: Current perspectives in etiopathogenesis and management. Indian J Dermatol. 56(6):700–706. 2822. Hoang, V.T., et al. 2019. Overview of epidermoid cyst. Eur J Radiol. 6:291–301.

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2823. Hobbs, M.R. and Ortega-Loayza, A.G. 2020. Pyoderma gangrenosum: From historical perspectives to emerging investigations. Int Wound J. 17:1255–1265. 2824. Holubar, K. 1991. History of dermatitis herpetiformis. Clin Dermatol. 9(3):273–277. 2825. Hoss, D. and Segal, S. 1998. Scalp dysesthesia. Arch Dermatol. 134(3):327–330. 2826. Islam, P.S., et al. 2016. Medical complications of tattoos: A comprehensive review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 50:273– 286. 2827. Jackson, R. 1977. Historical outline of attempts to classify skin diseases. CMAJ. 116:1165–1168. 2828. Khan, S., et al. 2015. Genetics of human isolated hereditary nail disorders. Br J Dermatol. 173:922–929. 2829. King, D.F. and Holubar, K. 1983. History of pemphigus. Clin Dermatol. 1(2):6–12. 2830. Kramer, O.N., et al. 2017. The history of atopic dermatitis. Clin Dermatol. 35(4):344–348. 2831. Krishnan, A. and Kar, S. 2013. Scrotal dermatitis: Can we consider it as a separate entity? Oman Med J. 28(5):302–305. 2832. Kutlubay, Z., et al. 2017. Newborn skin: Common skin problems. Maedica (Burcur). 12(1):42–47. 2833. Lever, W.F. and Talbott, J.H. 1942. Pemphigus: A historical study. Arch Dermatol Syphilol. 46(6):800–823. 2834. Levine, J.M. 2005. Historical perspective on pressure ulcers: The decubitus ominosus of Jean‐Martin Charcot. J Am Geriatr Soc. 53(7):1248–1251. 2835. Liddell, K. 2006. Skin disease in antiquity. Clin Med. 6:81–86. 2836. Lozada, F. and Silverman, S., Jr. 1978. Erythema multiforme. Clinical characteristics and natural history in fifty patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 46(5):628–636. 2837. Lugović, L., et al. 2007. Phototoxic and photoallergic skin reactions. Coll Antropol. 31(S1):63–67. 2838. Lyell, A. 1983. The staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in historical perspective: Emergence of dermopathic strains of Staphylococcus aureus and discovery of the epidermolytic toxin. A review of events up to 1970. J Am Acad Dermatol. 9(2):285–294.

Diseases of the Skin

2839. Madke, B., et al. 2017. Autonomic denervation dermatitis: A new type of eczematous dermatitis. Clin Dermatol Rev. 1(2):61–64. 2840. Mahmood, N.F. and Shipman, A.R. 2017. The age-old problem of acne. Int J Womens Dermatol. 3(2):71–76. 2841. Mameri, A.C.A., et al. 2017. History of seborrheic dermatitis: Conceptual and clinico-pathologic evolution. Skinmed. 15(3):187–194. 2842. Manders, S.M. 1998. Toxin-mediated streptococcal and staphylococcal disease. J Am Acad Dermatol. 39(3):383–398. 2843. Meeuwis, K.A.P., et al. 2010. Genital psoriasis: A systematic literature review on this hidden skin disease. Acta Derm Venerol. 91:5–11. 2844. Millington, G.W.M. and Levell, N.J. 2007. Vitiligo: The historical curse of depigmentation. Int J Dermatol. 46(9):990–995. 2845. Misiak-Galazka, M., et al. 2017. What do we know about palmoplantar pustulosis? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venerol. 31(1):38–44. 2846. Olsen, K.M. and Chew, F.S. 2006. Tumoral calcinosis: Pearls, polemics, and alternative possibilities. Radiographics. 26:871–885. 2847. Pacheco, K.A. 2018. Occupational dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 120:583–591. 2848. Panda, A.K. 2005. The medico history perspective of vitiligo (Switra). Bull Indian Inst Med Hyderbad. 35(1):41–46. 2849. Pina, T., et al. 2013. Cutaneous vasculitis: A rheumatologist perspective. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 13:545–554. 2850. Quillen, E.E., et al. 2018. Shades of complexity: New perspectives on the evolution and genetic architecture of human skin. Am J Phys Anthropol. 168:4–26. 2851. Rashid, R.M. and White, L.E. 2007. A hairy development in hypertrichosis: A brief review of Ambras syndrome. Dermatol Online. 13(3):8. 2852. Rathnayake, D. and Sinclair, R. 2014. Tropical and exotic dermatoses and ulcers. Aus Fam Physician. 43(9):604–609. 2853. Rebora, I., et al. 2009. Photoinduced lentiginous acantholytic dermatosis. A new and unusual pattern of Grover’s disease? Dermatol Argent. 16(2):122–125.

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2854. Reinehr, C.P.H. and Bakos, R.M. 2019. Actinic keratoses: Review of clinical, dermoscopic, and therapeutic aspects. Anais Bras Dermatol. 94(6):637–657. 2855. Renbourn, E.T. 1958. The history of sweat and prickly heat, 19th–20th century. J Invest Dermatol. 30(5):249–259. 2856. Rolleston, J.D. 1933. A note on the early history of rosacea. Proc R Soc Med. 26(4):327–329. 2857. Rowell, N.R. 1997. Some historical aspects of skin disease in lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 6(2):76–83. 2858. Schwartz, R.A., et al. 2013. Toxic epidermal necrolysis: Part I. Introduction, history, classification, clinical features, systemic manifestations, etiology, and immunopathogenesis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 69(2):173.1–173.13. 2859. Sheldon, J.M., et al. 1954. The vexing urticaria problem: Present concepts of etiology and management. J Allergy. 25(6):525–560. 2860. Shetty, S. and Gokul, S. 2012. Keratinization and its disorders. Oman Med J. 27(5):348–357. 2861. Smith, C.D. and Cyr, M. 1988. The history of lupus erythematosus. From Hippocrates to Osler. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 14(1):1–14. 2862. Smith, M.P., et al. 2019. Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau: Clinical perspectives. Psoriasis (Auckl). 9:65–72. 2863. Stokar, E. and Goldberg, G. 2014. The history of psoriasis. Psoriasis Forum. 20(4):152–156. 2864. Tan, S. and Bertucci, V. 2000. Erythema ab igne: An old condition new again. CMAJ. 162(1):77–78. 2865. Tenea, D. 2017. The puzzle of skin patterns. Integrat Med Int. 4:1–12. 2866. Tully, A.S., et al. 2012. Evaluation of nail abnormalities. Am Fam Physician. 85(8):779–787. 2867. Vij, A., et al. 2015. Infection or allergy? The multifaceted nature of vulvar dermatoses. Int J Womens Dermatol. 1(4):170–172. 2868. Weintraub, G.S., et al. 2015. Review of allergic contact dermatitis: Scratching the surface. World J Dermatol. 4(2):95– 102. 2869. Weisshaar, E., et al. 2015. Historical background of itch. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 226:1–14.

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System or Connective Tissue

2870. Welch, E., et al. 2013. Burning feet syndrome: An old tropical syndrome revisited. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 6(1):65–70. 2871. White, T. 2011. ‘Their whiteness is not like ours’: A social and cultural history of albinism and albino identities, 1650–1914. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester, School of Arts, Histories & Culture. 2872. Wikramanayake, T.C., et al. 2019. Seborrheic dermatitis: Looking beyond Malassezia. Exp Dermatol. 28:991–1001. 2873. Wilkin, J.K. 1993. The red face: Flushing disorders. Clin Dermatol. 11(2):211–223. 2874. Williams, H.L., et al. 1939. Dermatitis of the ear. JAMA. 113(8):641–646. 2875. Yokozeki, H. 2016. New pathologies of skin disorders identified from the history of perspiration research. Curr Probl Dermatol. 51:1–6. 2876. Zirwas, M.J. 2019. Contact dermatitis to cosmetics. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 56(1):119–128.

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System or Connective Tissue (ICD-15) 2877. Aaron, D.L., et al. 2011. Four common types of bursitis: Diagnosis and management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 19(6):359–367. 2878. Allan, D.B. and Waddell, G. 1989. An historical perspective on low back pain and disability. Acta Orthop Scand. 60(S234):1– 23. 2879. Alpay-Kanitez, N., et al. 2019. Polyarthritis and its differential diagnosis. Eur J Rheumatol. 6(4):167–173. 2880. Ashurst, J.V., et al. 2010. Tenosynovitis caused by texting: An emerging disease. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 110:294–296. 2881. Assouline-Dayan, Y., et al. 2002. Pathogenesis and natural history of osteonecrosis. Semin Arth Rheum. 32(2):94–124. 2882. Bayat, A. and McGrouther, D.A. 2006. Management of Dupuytren’s disease: Clear advice for an elusive condition. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 88(1):3–8.

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2883. Benoist, M. 2002. The natural history of lumbar degenerative spinal stenosis. Joint Bone Spine. 69(5):450–457. 2884. Bergmann, J.N. 1990. History and mechanical control of heel spur pain. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 7(2):243–259. 2885. Bernard, F., et al. 2019. History of degenerative spondylolisthesis: From anatomical description to surgical management. Neurochirurgie. 65(2–3):75–82. 2886. Bhattacharjee, S. 2009. A brief history of gout. Int J Rheumatic Dis. 12:61–63. 2887. Bloomfield, A.L. 1958. A bibliography of internal medicine: Gout. Stanford Med Bull. 16:69–82. 2888. Borgia, F., et al. 2018. Relapsing polychondritis: An updated review. Biomedicines. 6(3):84. 2889. Brinckmann, P., et al. 1988. Fatigue fracture of human lumbar vertebrae. Clin Biomech. 3(S1):S1–S23. 2890. Bubra, P.S., et al. 2015. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: An overlooked cause of foot deformity. J Family Med Prim Care. 4(1):26–29. 2891. Clapham, P.J. and Chung, K.C. 2009. A historical perspective of the Notta’s node in trigger fingers. J Hand Surg Am. 34(8):1518–1522. 2892. Collins, M.T. 2009. Spectrum and natural history of fibrous dysplasia of bone. J Bone Mineral Res. 21(S2):99–104. 2893. Copeman, W.S. 1964. A Short History of Gout and the Rheumatic Diseases. Berkeley: University of California Press. 2894. Cuéllar, M.L., et al. 1992. Fungal arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 51:690–697. 2895. Cutts, S., et al. 2012. Plantar fasciitis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 94(8):539–542. 2896. Dequeker, J. and Luyten, F.P. 2008. The history of osteoarthritisosteoarthrosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 67(1):5–10. 2897. Dobson, G.P., et al. 2018. Defining the osteoarthritis patient: Back to the future. Osteoarth Cartilage. 26(8):1003–1007. 2898. Durate, R.M. and Vaccaro, A.R. 2013. Spinal infection: State of the art and management algorithm. Eur Spine J. 22(12):2787– 2799. 2899. Entezami, P., et al. 2012. Historical perspective on the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. Hand Clin. 27(1):1–10.

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System or Connective Tissue

2900. Espinoza, L.R. 2018. The history of psoriatic arthritis (PsA): From Moll and Wright to pathway-specific therapy. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 20(10). 2901. Gerfaud-Valentin, M., et al. 2014. Adult-onset Still’s disease. Autoimmun Rev. 13(7):708–722. 2902. Gott, V.L. 1998. Antoine Marfan and his syndrome: One hundred years later. Md Med J. 47(5):247–52. 2903. Grubbs, N. 1993. Frozen shoulder syndrome: A review of literature. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 18(3):479–487. 2904. Gupta, R. 1993. A short history of neuropathic arthropathy. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 296:43–49. 2905. Hamilton, B., et al. 2014. Classification and grading of muscle injuries: A narrative review. Br J Sports Med. 49(5):306. 2906. Hartung, E.F. 1957. Symposium on gout: Historical considerations. Metabolism. 6:196–208. 2907. Hayes, C.W. and Conway, W.F. 1990. Calcium hydroxyapatite deposition disease. Radiographics. 10:1031–1048. 2908. Heary, R.F. and Madhavan, K. 2008. The history of spinal deformity. Neurosurgery. 63(S3):5–15. 2909. Hershkovitz, I., et al. 1999. Hyperostosis frontalis interna: An anthropological perspective. Am J Phys Anthropol. 109(3):303–325. 2910. Higgs, S.L. 1931. Hammertoe. Postgrad Med J. 6(68):130–132. 2911. Iglesias-Gamarra, A., et al. 2006. Prehistoric, historic and arts of rheumatology. Origin of words reuma, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and ankylosing spondylitis. Rev Colombiana de Reumatología. 13(1):21–47. [Spanish] 2912. Juhn, M.S. 1999. Patellofemoral pain syndrome: A review and guidelines for treatment. Am Fam Physician. 60(7):2012– 2018. 2913. Kelly, M.A. and Insall, J.N. 1992. Historical perspectives of chondromalacia patellae. Orthop Clin North Am. 23(4):517– 521. 2914. Klenerman, L. 2007. A history of osteomyelitis from the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 1948 to 2006. J Bone Joint Surg. 89B(5):667–670.

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2915. Koester, M.C., et al. 2005. Shoulder impingement syndrome. Am J Med. 118:452–455. 2916. König, F. 2013. The classic: On loose bodies in the joint. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 471(4):1107–1115. 2917. Konwaler, B.E., et al. 1955. Subcutaneous pseudosarcomatous fibromatosis (fasciitis). Am J Clin Pathol. 25(3):241–252. 2918. Kransdorf, M.J. and Sweet, D.E. 1995. Aneurysmal bone cyst: Concept, controversy, clinical presentation, and imaging. Am J Roentgenol. 164:573–580. 2919. Kuhlman, G.S. and Domb, B.G. 2009. Hip impingement: Identifying and treating a common cause of hip pain. Am Fam Physician. 80(12):1429–1434. 2920. Lantz, B. and Singer, K.M. 1990. Meniscal cysts. Clin Sports Med. 9(3):707–725. 2921. Littleton, J. 1999. Paleopathology of skeletal fluorosis. Am J Phys Anthropol. 109(4):465–483. 2922. Loan-Facsinay, A. and Kloppenburg, M. 2013. An emerging player in knee osteoarthritis: The infrapatellar fat pad. Arthritis Res Ther. 15:225. 2923. Lolascon, G., et al. 2015. Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I: Historical perspective and critical issues. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 12(S1):4–10. 2924. Madimenos, F.C. 2015. An evolutionary and life-history perspective on osteoporosis. Annu Rev Anthropol. 44:189– 206. 2925. Makay, B., et al. 2013. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis. World J Rheumatol. 3(3):16–24. 2926. Marconi, I.M.L., et al. 2009. Fibroblastic rheumatism. Clin Exp Dermatol. 34(1):29–32. 2927. Marks, M. and Marks, J.L. 2016. Viral arthritis. Clin Med (Lond). 16(2):129–134. 2928. Marson, R. and Pasero, G. 2011. Some historical remarks on microcrystalline arthritis (gout and chondrocalcinosis). Reumatismo. 63(4):199–206. 2929. Matkar, P.N., et al. 2015. Overview of Marfan syndrome: Knowns and unknowns. Journal of Controversies in Biomedical Research. 1(1):51–66.

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System or Connective Tissue

2930. Mays, S.A. 2005. Paleopathological study of hallux valgus. Am J Phys Anthropol. 126(2):139–149. 2931. Menéndez-Bueyes, L.R. 2017. Paget’s disease of bone: Approach to its historical origins. Clin Rheumatol (Eng Ed). 13(2):66–72. [Spanish Abstract/English] 2932. Meyers, C., et al. 2019. Heterotopic ossification: A comprehensive review. JBMR Plus. 3(4):e10172. 2933. Murphy-Ryan, M., et al. 2010. Hereditary disorders of connective tissues: A guide to the emerging differential diagnosis. Genet Med. 12(6):344–354. 2934. Muthuri, S.G., et al. 2011. History of knee injuries and knee osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Osteoarth Cartilage. 19(11):1286–1293. 2935. Nascimento, F.A., et al. 2014. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: A review. Surg Neurol Int. 5(S3):S122–S125. 2936. National Research Council. 1948. Bibliography on Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis and Structural Components. Washington, D.C.: Division of Medical Sciences, Committee for Survey of Research on Rheumatic Diseases. 2937. Nelson, B.L. 2010. Solitary bone cyst. Head Neck Pathol. 4(3):208–209. 2938. O’Neill, T. and Silman, A.J. 1994. Psoriatic arthritis: Historical background and epidemiology. Bailliere’s Clin Rheumatol. 8(2):245–261. 2939. Parish, L.C. 1963. An historical approach to the nomenclature of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 6(2):138–158. 2940. Portioli, I. 2000. The history of polymyalgia rheumatica/giant cell arteritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 18(S4):S1–S3. 2941. Pyeritz, R.E. 2000. The Marfan syndrome. Annu Rev Med. 51:481–510. 2942. Ragan, C. 1961. The history of the rheumatoid factor. Arthritis Rheum. 4(6):571–573. 2943. Richie, D.H., Jr. 2015. Addressing myths and misconceptions about hallux rigidus. Podiatry Today. 28(6):40–48. 2944. Runowska, M., et al. 2016. Retroperitoneal fibrosis: State of the art. Reumatología. 54(5):256–263. 2945. Sanan, A. and Rengachary, S.S. 1996. The history of spinal biomechanics. Neurosurgery. 39(4):657–668.

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Diseases and Disorders

2946. Scranton, P.E., Jr. 1981. Metatarsalgia: A clinical review of diagnosis and management. Foot Ankle Int. 1(4):229–234. 2947. Shirtliff, M.E. and Mader, J.T. 2002. Acute septic arthritis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 15(4):527–544. 2948. Short, C.L. 1959. Rheumatoid arthritis: Historical aspects. J Chronic Dis. 10(5):367–387. 2949. Singla, A., et al. 2014. Baastrup’s disease: The kissing spine. World J Clin Cases. 2(2):45–47. 2950. Stride, P., et al. 2013. The history of osteoporosis: Why do Egyptian mummies have porotic bones? J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 43(3):254–261. 2951. Szent-Györgyi, A.G. 2004. The early history of the biochemistry of muscle contraction. J Gen Physiol. 123(6):631–641. 2952. Tamborrini, G., et al. 2012. Knuckle pads: A rare finding. J Ultrason. 12(51):493–498. [Polish Abstract/English] 2953. Thurston, A.J. 2008. The early history of tennis elbow: 1873 to the 1950s. ANZ J Surg. 68(3):219–224. 2954. Tomczak, K.K. and Rosman, N.P. 2012. Torticollis. J Child Neurol. 28(3):365–378. 2955. Truumees, E. 2015. A history of lumbar disc herniation from Hippocrates to the 1990s. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 473(6):1885– 1895. 2956. Wong, C.K., et al. 2017. Natural history of frozen shoulder: Fact or fiction? A systematic review. Physiotherapy. 103(1):40–47. 2957. Yamamuro, T. 2001. Kashin-Beck disease: A historical overview. Int Orthop. 25(3):134–137. 2958. Yaniv, M. and Blumberg, N. 2007. The discoid meniscus. J Child Orthop. 1(2):89–96. 2959. Zeidler, H., et al. 2011. A historical perspective of the spondyloarthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 23(4):327–333.

Diseases of the Genitourinary System (ICD-16)

2960. Aboulghar, M.A.A., et al. 1998. Controversies in the modern management of hydrosalpinx. Hum Reprod Update. 4(6):882– 890.

Diseases of the Genitourinary System

2961. Acíen, P. and Acíen, M.I. 2011. The history of female genital tract malformation classifications and proposal of an updated system. Hum Reprod Update. 17(5):693–705. 2962. Anumudu, S. and Eknoyan, G. 2019. Pyelonephritis: A historical reappraisal. J Am Soc Nephrol. 30:914–917. 2963. Balat, A. 2016. Tear drops of kidney: A historical overview of polycystic kidney disease. G Ital Nefrol. 33(S66). 2964. Bansal, R. and Aggarwal, N. 2019. Menopausal hot flashes: A concise review. J Midlife Health. 10(1):6–13. 2965. Behjati-Ardakani, Z., et al. 2016. An evaluation of the historical importance of fertility and its reflection in ancient mythology. J Reprod Infertil. 17(1):2–9. 2966. Benagiano, G. and Brosens, I. 2006. History of adenomyosis. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 20(4):449–463. 2967. Benagiano, G. and Brosens, I. 2011. Who identified endometriosis? Fertil Steril. 95:13–16. 2968. Benagiano, G., et al. 2014. The history of endometriosis. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 78(1):1–9. 2969. Benagiano, G., et al. 2015. Endometriosis: Ancient or modern disease? Indian J Med Res. 141(2):236–238. 2970. Boldt II, J. 1912. Diseases of the fallopian tubes. JAMA. (2):100–104. 2971. Brown, D.J. 1904. Malpositions of the uterus: Their causes and treatment. Boston Med Surg J. 151(6):153–157. 2972. Cameron, J.S. 2003. Milk or albumin? The history of proteinuria before Richard Bright (Historical Note). Nephrol Dial Transplant. 18:1281–1285. 2973. Carrier, S.P., et al. 2014. Peyronie’s disease: A historical perspective. Am J Mens Health. 8(5):434–439. 2974. Cattran, D.C. 2011. Historical aspects of proteinuria. Adv Chron Kid Dis. 18(4):224–232. 2975. Chirayil, S.J. and Tobon, H. 1981. Polyps of the vagina: A clinicopathological study of 18 cases. Cancer. 47:2904–2907. 2976. Dagur, G., et al. 2016. Clinical implications of the forgotten Skene’s glands: A review of current literature. Pol Ann Med. 23(2):182–190.

201

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Diseases and Disorders

2977. Dagur, G., et al. 2017. Classifying hydroceles of the pelvis and groin: An overview of etiology, secondary complications, evaluation, and management. Curr Urol Rep. 10(1):1–14. 2978. Delzell, W.R. and Lowsley, O.W. 1924. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the seminal vesicles. JAMA. 82(4):270–274. 2979. Diamantis, A., et al. 2008. Proteinuria: From ancient observation to 19th century scientific study. J Urol. 180:2330– 2332. 2980. Ebrahimi, M. and Asbagh, F.A. 2011. Pathogenesis and causes of premature ovarian failure: An update. Int J Fertil Steril. 5(2):54–65. 2981. Eknoyan, G. 2004. History of urolithiasis. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab. 2(3):177–185. 2982. Eknoyan, G. 2020. On the etymology of nephritis: A historical appraisal of its origins. J Am Soc Nephrol. 31(6):1170–1173. 2983. Ellis, H. 1969. A History of Bladder Stone. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific. 2984. Endicott, J. 2000. History, evolution, and diagnosis of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 61(S12):5–8. 2985. Epperly, T.D. and Moore, K.E. 2000. Health issues in men: Part I. Common genitourinary disorders. Am Fam Physician. 61(12):3657–3664. 2986. Eschenbach, D.A. 1993. History and review of bacterial vaginosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 169(2):441–445. 2987. Farman, F. 1930. Classification of prostatitis. J Urol. 23:113– 117. 2988. Ford, H.B. and Schust, D.J. 2009. Recurrent pregnancy loss: Etiology, diagnosis, and therapy. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2(2):76– 83. 2989. Goldman, B.D. 2000. Common dermatoses of the male genitalia. Postgrad Med. 108(4):89–91. 2990. Gunawardena, R.P., et al. 2017. Inflammatory breast disease: A pictorial essay with radiological-pathological correlation. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 61:70–76. 2991. Guray, M. and Sahin, A.A. 2006. Benign breast diseases: Classification, diagnosis, and management. Oncologist. 11:435–449.

Diseases of the Genitourinary System

2992. Heim, L.J. 2001. Evaluation and differential diagnosis of dyspareunia. Am Fam Physician. 63(8):1535–1545. 2993. Hodges, F.M. 1999. Phimosis in antiquity. World J Urol. 17(3):133–136. 2994. Holzer, R.A., et al. 2011. Evaluation of ovarian cysts. Am Fam Physician. 84(3). 2995. Hyun, J.S. 2018. Clinical significance of prostatic calculi: A review. World J Mens Health. 36(1):15–21. 2996. Johnston, D.R. 1962. The history of human infertility. Fertil Steril. 14(3):261–272. 2997. Jolidon, C., et al. 1985. Priapism through the centuries. J Urol (Paris). 91(4):225–226. [French] 2998. Klein, D.A. and Poth, M.A. 2013. Amenorrhea: An approach to diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 87(11):781– 788. 2999. Kumar, B., et al. 2005. Mondor’s disease of penis: A forgotten disease. Sex Transm Infect. 81:480–482. 3000. Lepor, H. 2004. Pathophysiology, epidemiology, and natural history of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Rev Neurol. 6(S9):S3– S10. 3001. López, M. and Hoppe, B. 2010. History, epidemiology, and regional diversities of urolithiasis. Pediatr Nephrol. 25:49– 59. 3002. Magtibay, P.M. and Margina, J.F. 2006. Ovarian remnant syndrome. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 49(3):526–534. 3003. Marte, A. 2018. The history of varicocele: From antiquity to the modern era. Int Braz J Urol. 44(3):563–576. 3004. Marzano, D.A. and Haefner, H.K. 2004. The Bartholin gland cyst: Past, present and future. J Lower Genit Tract Dis. 8(3):195–204. 3005. Mattson, S.K., et al. 2016. Chronic cervicitis: Presenting features and response to therapy. J Lower Genit Tract Dis. 20(3):e30–e33. 3006. Michell, A.R. 1989. Urolithiasis: Historical, comparative, and pathophysiological aspects: A review. J R Soc Med. 82:669– 672.

203

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Diseases and Disorders

3007. Moore, K.N. and Paul, P. 1997. A historical review of selected nursing and medical literature on urinary incontinence between 1850 and 1976. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 24:106–22. 3008. Morton, R.S. and Rashid, S. 1977. Candida vaginitis: Natural history, predisposing factors and prevention. Proc R Soc Med. 70(S4):3–6. 3009. Nezhat, C., et al. 2012. Endometriosis: Ancient disease, ancient treatments. Fertil Steril. 98(S6):S1–S62. 3010. Nickel, J.C. 2005. Management of urinary tract infections: Historical perspective and current strategies: Part 1. Before antibiotics. J Urol. 173(1):21–26. 3011. Nickel, J.C. 2005. Management of urinary tract infections: Historical perspective and current strategies: Part 2. Modern management. J Urol. 173(1):27–32. 3012. Pal, A. and Kaskel, F. 2016. History of nephrotic syndrome and its evolution of its treatment. Front Pediatr. 4:56. 3013. Palacios, S. 2018. Vaginal hyperlaxity syndrome: A new concept and challenge. Gynecol Endocrinol. 34(5):360–362. 3014. Pantoja, E., et al. 1975. Ovarian dermoids and their complications: Comprehensive historical review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 30(1):1–20. 3015. Peckham, B.M., et al. 1986. Focal vulvitis: A characteristic syndrome and cause of dyspareunia: Features, natural history, and management. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 154(4):855–864. 3016. Oladpo, A., et al. 2004. Urinary incontinence: Historical, global, and epidemiologic perspectives. Clin Geriatr Med. 20:399–407. 3017. Parsons, J.K. and Parsons, C.L. 2004. The historical origins of interstitial cystitis. J Urol. 171(1):20–22. 3018. Phillips, B.B. 2005. Urinary incontinence, 1850–1906: A historiography. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida Atlantic University, Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing. 3019. Pollycove, R., et al. 2011. The evolutionary origin and significance of menopause. Menopause. 18(3):336–342. 3020. Porche, D.J. 2006. Male infertility: Etiology, history, and physical assessment. J Nurs Pract. 2(4):226–228.

Diseases of the Genitourinary System

3021. Raghavan, R. and Eknoyan, G. 2018. Uremia: A historical reappraisal of what happened. Clin Nephrol. 89:305–313. 3022. Raty, L., et al. 2011. Chronic idiopathic penile edema: Three cases and a review of the literature. Open Dermatol J. 5:1–5. 3023. Richardson, J.T.E. 1995. The premenstrual syndrome: A brief history. Soc Sci Med. 41(6):761–767. 3024. Richet, G. 1988. Early history of uremia. Kidney Int. 33:1013– 1015. 3025. Ringdahl, E. and Teague, L. 2006. Testicular torsion. Am Fam Physician. 74(10):1739–1743. 3026. Sandelowski, M.J. 1990. Failures of violation: Female agency and infertility in historical perspective. Signs. 15(3):475–499. 3027. Sanderson, P.A., et al. 2017. New concepts for an old problem: The diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia. Hum Reprod Update. 23(2):232–254. 3028. Sharma, R.S., et al. 2018. Infertility and assisted reproduction: A historical and modern scientific perspective. Indian J Med Res. 148(S1):S10–S14. 3029. Simonetta, C., et al. 2015. Vulvar dermatoses: A review and update. Mo Med. 112(4):301–307. 3030. Singh, A., et al. 2002. A historical perspective on menopause and menopausal age. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 32(2):121–135. 3031. Tefekli, A. and Cezayirli, F. 2013. The history of urinary stones: In parallel with civilization. Sci World J. 2013:423964. 3032. Torres, V.E. and Watson, M.L. 1998. Polycystic kidney disease: Antiquity to the 20th century. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 13:2690–2696. 3033. Trojian, T.H., et al. 2009. Epididymitis and orchitis: An overview. Am Fam Physician. 79(7):583–587. 3034. Weissman, A.M., et al. 2004. The natural history of primary dysmenorrhoea: A longitudinal study. BJOG. 111(4):345–352. 3035. Wilbush, J. 1988. Menorrhagia and menopause: A historical review. Maturitas. 10(1):5–26. 3036. Woolcock, J.G., et al. 2008. Review of the confusion in current and historical terminology and definitions for disturbances of menstrual bleeding. Fertil Steril. 90:2269–2280.

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Diseases and Disorders

3037. Young, R.H. 2007. Neoplasms of the fallopian tube and broad ligament: A selective survey including historical perspective and emphasizing recent developments. Pathology. 39(1):112–124.

Conditions Related to Sexual Health (ICD-17) 3038. Angel, K. 2010. The history of ‘female sexual dysfunction’ as a mental disorder in the 20th century. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 23(6):536–541. 3039. Apostolou, M. 2015. Understanding the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women: An evolutionary perspective. Adapt Hum Behav Physiol. 2:26–43. 3040. Atallah, S., et al. 2016. Ethical and sociocultural aspects of sexual function and dysfunction in both sexes. J Sex Med. 13:591–606. 3041. Beek, T.F., et al. 2015. Gender incongruence/gender dysphoria and its classification history. Int Rev Psychiatry. DOI: 10.3109/09540261.2015.1091293. 3042. Beek, T.F., et al. 2016. Gender incongruence of adolescence and adulthood: Acceptability and clinical utility of the world health organization’s proposed ICD-11 criteria. PLoS One. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160066. 3043. Bhavsar, V. and Bhugra, D. 2013. Cultural factors and sexual dysfunction in clinical practice. Adv Psychiatric Treat. 19:48– 55. 3044. Chen, J. 2016. The pathophysiology of delayed ejaculation. Transl Androl Urol. 5(4):549–562. 3045. Chubak, B. and Gittens, P. 2016. ‘A Rose By any other Name’: Historical insights into restless genital syndrome. J Sex Med. 13(5):S41. 3046. Clayton, D.O. and Shen, W.W. 1998. Psychotropic druginduced sexual function disorders. Drug Saf. 19:299–312. 3047. Corona, G., et al. 2005. Inventories for male and female sexual dysfunctions. Int J Impot Res. 18:236–250. 3048. Davies, R. and Davies, M.E. 2020. The (slow) depathologizing of gender incongruence. J Nerv Mental Dis. 208(2):152–154.

Conditions Related to Sexual Health

3049. Eardley, I. 2013. The incidence, prevalence, and natural history of erectile dysfunction. Sex Med Rev. 1(1):3–16. 3050. Giami, A. 2002. Sexual health: The emergence, development, and diversity of a concept. Ann Rev Sex Res. 13:1–35. 3051. Giraldi, A., et al. 2013. Female sexual arousal disorders. J Sex Med. 10. DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.028020.x. 3052. Goldstein, I., et al. 2017. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder. International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health (ISSWSH) expert consensus panel review. Mayo Clin Proc. 92(1):114–128. 3053. Graziottin, A. 2008. Dyspareunia and vaginismus: Review of the literature and treatment. Curr Sex Health Rep. 5:43–50. 3054. Grover, S. and Shouan, A. 2020. Assessment scales for sexual disorders: A review. Journal of Psychosexual Health. 2(2):121– 138. 3055. Halvorsen, J.G. and Metz, M.E. 1992. Sexual dysfunction, part I: Classification, etiology, and pathogenesis. J Am Board Fam Pract. 5:51–61. 3056. Halvorsen, J.G. and Metz, M.E. 1992. Sexual dysfunction, part II: Diagnosis, management and prognosis. J Am Board Fam Pract. 5:177–192. 3057. Hatzimouratidis, K. and Hatzichristou, D. 2011. Sexual dysfunctions: Classifications and definitions. J Sex Med. 4:241–250. 3058. Hoenig, J. 2018. Sigmund Freud’s views on the sexual disorders in historical perspective. Br J Psychiatry. 129(3):193–200. 3059. Kandeel, F.R., et al. 2001. Male sexual function and its disorders: Physiology, pathophysiology, clinical investigation, and treatment. Endocr Rev. 22(3):342–388. 3060. Kleinplatz, P.G. 2017. History of treatment of female sexual dysfunction(s). Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 14(1):29–54. 3061. McCabe, M.P. and Cobain, M.J. 1998. The impact of individual and relationship factors on sexual dysfunction among males and females. Sex Marital Ther. 13(2):131–143. 3062. McLaren, A. 2007. Impotence: A Cultural History. University of Chicago Press.

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Diseases and Disorders

3063. Musitelli, S., et al. 2008. Sexual medicine history: A brief historical survey of Peyronie’s disease. J Sex Med. 5(7):1737– 1746. 3064. Rowland, D., et al. 2010. Disorders of orgasm and ejaculation in men. J Sex Med. 7(4 Pt 2):1668–1686. 3065. Segraves, R. and Woodard, T. 2006. Female hypoactive sexual desire disorder: History and current status. J Sex Med. 3(3):408–418. 3066. Shah, J. 2002. Erectile dysfunction through the ages. BJU Int. 90:433–441. 3067. Sorensen, J., et al. 2018. Evaluation and treatment of female sexual pain: A clinical review. Cureus. 10(3):e2379. 3068. van Driel, M.F. 2015. Physiology of penile erection: A brief history of the scientific understanding up till the Eighties of the 20th century. J Sex Med. 3(4):349–357.

Pregnancy, Childbirth, or the Puerperium (ICD-18)

3069. Al-Gailani, S. and Davis, A. 2014. Introduction to ‘transforming pregnancy since 1900.’ Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 47(Pt B):229–232. 3070. Baños, N., et al. 2015. Definition of failed induction of labor and its predictive factors: Two unsolved issues of an everyday clinical situation. Fetal Diagn Ther. 38:161–169. 3071. Bell, M.J. 2010. A historical overview of preeclampsiaeclampsia. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 39(5):510–518. 3072. Brockington, I. 2004. Diagnosis and management of postpartum disorders: A review. World Psychiatry. 3:89–95. 3073. Chesley, L.C. 1984. History and epidemiology of preeclampsiaeclampsia. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 27(4):801–820. 3074. Cohen, W.R. and Friedman, E.A. 2017. The assessment of labor: A brief history. J Perinat Med. DOI 10.1515/jpm-20170018. 3075. Dahlen, H.G., et al. 2011. From social to surgical: Historical perspectives on perineal care during labour and birth. Women Birth. 24:105–111.

Pregnancy, Childbirth or the Puerperium

3076. Davey, D.A. and MacGillivray. 1988. The classification and definition of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 158(4):892–898. 3077. Downey, C.L. and Bewley, S. 2012. Historical perspectives on umbilical cord clamping and neonatal transition. J R Soc Med. 105:325–329. 3078. Goyal, L.D., et al. 2014. Ovarian ectopic pregnancy: A 10 years’ experience and review of literature. Iran J Reprod Med. 12(12):825–830. 3079. Hillan, E.M. 1991. Caesarean section: Historical background. Scott Med J. 36:150–154. 3080. Jauniaux, E. and Jurkovic, D. 2018. Ectopic pregnancy: 130 years of medical diagnostic challenges. BJOG. 125(13):1672. 3081. Joseph, K.S. 2011. The natural history of pregnancy: Diseases of early and late gestation. BJOG. 118:1617–1629. 3082. Ko, H.H. and Yoshida, E. 2006. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy. Can J Gastroenterol. 20(1):25–30. 3083. Kuller, J.A. and Katz, V.L. 1994. Miscarriage: A historical perspective. Birth. 21(4):227–228. 3084. London, V., et al. 2017. Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A review of recent literature. Pharmacology. 100:161–171. 3085. Loudon, I. 1988. Puerperal insanity in the 19th century. J R Soc Med. 81:76–79. 3086. Lurie, S. 1992. The history of the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy: A medical adventure. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 43(1):1–7. 3087. Matuszkiewicz-Rowińska1, J., et al. 2015. Urinary tract infections in pregnancy: Old and new unresolved diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Arch Med Sci. 11:67–77. 3088. Parente, R.C.M., et al. 2011. The history of vaginal birth. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 284:1–11. 3089. Reena, K.H., et al. 2014. Labor epidural analgesia: Past, present and future. Indian J Pain. 28:71–81. 3090. Robillard, P-Y., et al. 2018. Historical evolution of ideas on eclampsia/preeclampsia: A proposed optimistic view of preeclampsia. J Reprod Immunol. 123:72–77. 3091. Robillard, P-Y., et al. 2018. Preeclampsia and the 20th century: “Le siècle des Lumières.” Pregnancy Hypertens. 13:107–109.

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Diseases and Disorders

3092. Siegel, R. 1992. Reasoning from the body: A historical perspective on abortion regulation and questions of equal protection. Stanford Law Review. 44:261–381. 3093. Stone, P.K. 2016. Biocultural perspectives on maternal mortality and obstetrical death from the past to the present. Yearbook Physical Anthropol. 159:S150–S171. 3094. Teixeira, G.A., et al. 2016. Obstetric history and maternal complications related to preterm birth. Int Arch Med. 9:221. 3095. West, M. 2015. Amniotic fluid embolism: A historical perspective in diagnosis and management. BJOG. 123(1):110. 3096. Wittman, A.B. and Wall L.L. 2007. The evolutionary origins of obstructed labor: Bipedalism, encephalization, and the human obstetric dilemma. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 62(11):739– 748.

Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period (ICD-19)

3097. Allen, K.A. and Brandon, D.H. 2011. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: Pathophysiology and experimental treatments. Newborn Infant Nurs Rev. 11(3):125–133. 3098. Ananth, C.V., et al. 2016. Severe placental abruption: Clinical definition and associations with maternal complications. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 214(2)272.e1–272.e9. 3099. Arendrup, M.C., et al. 2009. Invasive fungal infections in the paediatric and neonatal population: Diagnostics and management issues. Clin Microbiol Infect. 15:613–624. 3100. Ban, J-E. 2017. Neonatal arrhythmias: Diagnosis, treatment, and clinical outcome. Korean J Pediatr. 60(11):344–352. 3101. Barfield, W.D. 2016. Standard terminology for fetal, infant, and perinatal deaths. Pediatrics. 137(5):e20160551. 3102. Barrington, K. and Finer, N. 1991. The natural history of the appearance of apnea of prematurity. Pediatr Res. 29(4):372– 375. 3103. Black, L.V., et al. 2009. Disorders of the feto-maternal unit: Hematologic manifestations in the fetus and neonate. Semin Perinatol. 33(1):12–19.

Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period

3104. Braun, T., et al. 2010. Mirror syndrome: A systematic review of fetal associated conditions, maternal presentation and perinatal outcome. Fetal Diagn Ther. 27:191–203. 3105. Carraro, S., et al. 2014. Early-life origins of chronic respiratory diseases: Understanding and promoting healthy ageing. Eur Respir J. 44:1682–1696. 3106. Cavazos-Rehg, P.A., et al. 2015. Maternal age and risk of labor and delivery complications. Matern Child Health J. 19(6):1202–1211. 3107. Cilla, A., et al. 2015. Human parechovius and enterovirus in neonates: Distinct infections with overlapping features. Early Hum Dev. 91:475–478. 3108. Conway, D.J. 1951. The origin of lung cysts in childhood. Arch Dis Child. 130:504–529. 3109. Damato, E.G. and Winnen, C.W. 2002. Cytomegalovirus infection: Perinatal implications. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 31:86–92. 3110. Datye, K. and Bremer, A.A. 2013. Endocrine disorders in the neonatal period. Pediatr Ann. 42:67–72. 3111. Dekrem, J., et al. 2013. Effects of fetal exposure to maternal chemotherapy. Pediatr Drugs. 15:329–334. 3112. Del Pizzo, J. 2011. Focus on diagnosis: Congenital infections (TORCH). Pediatr Rev. 32(12):537–542. 3113. Ewigman, B.G., et al. 1993. Effect of prenatal ultrasound screening on perinatal outcome. N Engl J Med. 329(12):821– 827. 3114. Fanaroff, A.A. 2008. Meconium aspiration syndrome: Historical aspects. J Perinatol. 28:S3–S7. 3115. Fang, J., et al. 2013. Case Report: Congenital rubella syndrome: A rare but persistent concern in the United States. J Perinatol. 33:899–902. 3116. Frankovich, J., et al. 2008. Neonatal lupus and related autoimmune disorders of infants. Neoreviews. 9(5):e206– e217. 3117. Gallacher, D.J., et al. 2016. Common respiratory conditions of the newborn. Breath (Sheff). 12(1):30–42.

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Diseases and Disorders

3118. Glynn, L.M. and Sandman, C.A. 2011. Prenatal origins of neurological development: A critical period for fetus and mother. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 20(6):384–389. 3119. Gomez-Pomar, E. and Finnegan, L.P. 2018. The epidemic of neonatal abstinence syndrome: Historical references of its origins, assessment, and management. Front Pediatr. 6:33. 3120. Hermansen, C.L. and Lorah, K.N. 2007. Respiratory distress in the newborn. Am Fam Physician. 76(7):988–994. 3121. Hill, L.M. and Kleinberg, F. 1984. Effects of drugs and chemicals on the fetus and newborn (First of two parts). Mayo Clin Proc. 59(10):707–716. 3122. Hill, L.M. and Kleinberg, F. 1984. Effects of drugs and chemicals on the fetus and newborn (Second of two parts). Mayo Clin Proc. 59(11–12):755–765. 3123. Hull, D. 1976. Temperature regulation and disturbance in the newborn infant. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 5(1):39–54. 3124. Hutter, D., et al. 2010. Causes and mechanisms of intrauterine hypoxia and its impact on the fetal cardiovascular system: A review. Int J Pediatr. 2010:401323. 3125. Howard, L.M. and Khalifeh, H. 2020. Perinatal mental health: A review of progress and challenges. World Psychiatry. 19(3):313–327. 3126. Joncas, J., et al. 1974. Epstein-Barr virus infection in the neonatal period and in childhood. CMAJ. 110(1):33–37. 3127. Jones, J., et al. 2003. Congenital toxoplasmosis. Am Fam Physician. 67(10):2131–2138. 3128. Krüger, E.M.M., et al. 2019. Dermatoses in the early neonatal period: Their association with neonatal, obstetric and demographic variables. Rev Paul Pediatr. 37(3):297–304. [Portuguese Abstract/English] 3129. Kutulbay, Z., et al. 2017. Newborn skin: Common skin problems. Maedica (Bucur). 12(1):42–47. 3130. Lambers, D.S. and Clark, K.E. 1996. The maternal and fetal physiologic effects of nicotine. Semin Perinatol. 20(2):115– 126. 3131. Lamont, R.F., et al. 2011. Listeriosis in human pregnancy: A systematic review. J Perinat Med. 39(3):227–236.

Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period

3132. Lewin, S. and Bussel, J.B. 2015. Review of fetal and neonatal immune cytopenias. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 13(1):35–43. 3133. Lim, G., et al. 2018. A review of the impact of obstetric anesthesia on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Anesthesiology. 129:192–215. 3134. Liszewski, M.C. and Lee, E.Y. 2017. Neonatal lung disorders: Pattern recognition approach to diagnosis. Am J Roentgenol. 210:964–975. 3135. Lynch, B.J. and Rust, R.S. 1994. Natural history and outcome of neonatal hypocalcemic and hypomagnesemic seizures. Pediatr Neurol. 11(1):23–27. 3136. Mattison, D.R. 2010. Environmental exposures and development. Curr Opin Pediatr. 22(2):208–218. 3137. Mehran, P., et al. 2013. History of perinatal loss and maternalfetal attachment behaviors. Women Birth. 26(3):185–189. 3138. Obladen, M. 2015. Innocent blood: A history of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Neonatology. 107:206–212. 3139. Obladen, M. 2017. From ‘apparent death’ to ‘birth asphyxia’: A history of blame. Pediatr Res. DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.238. 3140. Ogata, E.S. 1986. Carbohydrate metabolism in the fetus and neonate and altered neonatal glucoregulation. Pediatr Clin North Am. 33(1):25–45. 3141. Ojumah, N., et al. 2017. Neurological neonatal birth injuries: A literature review. Cureus. 9(12):e1938. 3142. Palomba, E., et al. 1996. Natural history of perinatal hepatitis C virus infection. Clin Infect Dis. 23(1):47–50. 3143. Pressler, J.L. 2008. Classification of major newborn birth injuries. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 22(1):60–67. 3144. Radetti, G., et al. 2002. Foetal and neonatal thyroid disorders. Minerva Pediatr. 54(5):383–400. [English/Italian] 3145. Raju, T.N.K. 1999. Ignác Semmelweis and the etiology of fetal and neonatal sepsis. J Perinatol. 19(4):307–310. 3146. Rees, S. and Inder, T. 2005. Fetal and neonatal origins of altered brain development. Early Hum Dev. 81(9):753–761. 3147. Rosenblum, S., et al. 2017. Renal development in the fetus and premature infant. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 22(2):58–66. 3148. Santulli, T.V. and Amoury, R.A. 1967. Congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract. Pediatr Clin North Am. 14:21–45.

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3149. Sarwar, M., et al. 1984. Primary tethered cord syndrome: A new hypothesis of its origin. Am J Neuroradiol. 5:235–242. 3150. Seashore, M.R. and Rinaldo, P. 1993. Metabolic disease of the neonate and young infant. Semin Perinatol. 17(5):318–329. 3151. Shenoi, A. and Kavitha, H.R. 2019. Perinatal tuberculosis. Pediatr Infect Dis. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1107. 3152. Su, J. 2012. Common rashes in neonates. Aust Fam Physician. 41(5):280–286. 3153. Suhag, A. and Berghella, V. 2013. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR): Etiology and diagnosis. Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep. 2:102–111. 3154. Tibboel, D., et al. 1986. The natural history of gastroschisis during fetal life: Development of the fibrous coating on the bowel loops. Teratology. 33(3):267–272. 3155. Vandenplas, Y., et al. 2019. Functional gastrointestinal disorders in infancy: Impact on the health of the infant and family. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr. 22(3):207–216. 3156. Venkatachalam, P.S. 1962. Maternal nutritional status and its effect on the newborn. Bull World Health Organ. 26:193–201. 3157. Walker, D.C., et al. 1995. Neonatal pemphigus foliaceus. Arch Dermatol. 131(11):1308–1311. 3158. Woods, R. 2009. Death Before Birth: Fetal Health and Mortality in Historical Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Developmental Anomalies (ICD-20)

3159. Abbott, J.K., et al. 2017. Sex chromosome evolution: Historical insights and future perspectives. Proc Biol Soc. 284(1854):20162806. 3160. Achildi, O. and Grewal, H. 2007. Congenital anomalies of the esophagus. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 40(1):291–244. 3161. Ahmad, S.M. and Soliman, A.M.S. 2007. Congenital anomalies of the larynx. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 40(1):177–191. 3162. Bartel-Friedrich, S. and Wulke, C. 2007. Classification and diagnosis of ear malformations. GMS Curr Topics Otorhinolaryngol. 6:1–21. 3163. Bartzela, T.N., et al. 2017. Update on 13 syndromes affecting craniofacial and dental structures. Front Physiol. 8:1038.

Developmental Anomalies

3164. Beckwith, J.B. 2012. Congenital malformations: From superstition to understanding. Virchows Arch. 461:609–619. 3165. Berrocal, T., et al. 1999. Congenital anomalies of the small intestine, colon, and rectum. Radiographics. 19:1219–1236. 3166. Bhattacharya, S., et al. 2009. Cleft lip: The historical perspective. Indian J Plast Surg. 42(S):s4–s8. 3167. Bohonowych, J., et al. 2019. The Global Prader–Willi syndrome registry: Development, launch, and early demographics. Genes. 10:713. DOI: 10.3390/genes10090713. 3168. Brent, R.L. 2001. The cause and prevention of human birth defects: What have we learned in the past 50 years? Congenit Anom. 41:3–21. 3169. Brent, R.L. 2004. Environmental causes of human congenital malformations: The pediatrician’s role in dealing with these complex clinical problems caused by a multiplicity of environmental and genetic factors. Pediatrics. 113:957–968. 3170. Busch, R. and Kjaer, K. 2002. Ectrodactyly and Germany’s eugenics law of 14 July 1933. Am J Med Genetics. 110:184– 190. 3171. Butler, M.G. 2009. Genomic imprinting disorders in humans: A mini-review. J Assist Reprod Genet. 26(9–10):477–486. 3172. Caouette-Laberge, L. and Borsuk, D. 2013. Congenital anomalies of the breast. Semin Plast Surg. 27:36–41. 3173. Chabra, S. 2007. Gastroschisis: Brief early history. J Perinatal Med. 35(5):455. 3174. Clayton-Smith, J. and Laan, L. 2003. Angelman syndrome: A review of the clinical and genetic aspects. J Med Genet. 40:87– 95. 3175. Dubourg, C., et al. 2007. Holoprosencephaly. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2. DOI: 10.1186/1750/-1172-2-8. 3176. Edwards, T.J., et al. 2014. Clinical, genetic and imaging findings identify new causes for corpus callosum development syndromes. Brain. 137:1579–1613. 3177. Falls, H.F. 1949. Congenital and hereditary eye disease. Australasian J Optom. 32(12):570–573. 3178. Friedman, R. 1986. Birth defects: A selected bibliography. Reference Services Review. 14(2):71–78.

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3179. Funamura, J.L. and Tollefson, T.T. 2016. Congenital anomalies of the nose. Facial Plast Surg. 32(2):133–141. 3180. Gamatsi, I.E., et al. 2003. The ear and its malformations: Strange beliefs and misconceptions. Br J Plast Surg. 56:369– 374. 3181. Golombek, S.G. 2002. The history of congenital diaphragmatic hernia from 1850s to the present. J Perinatol. 22:242–246. 3182. Goplreud, J.M. 1999. Down syndrome: Historical perspective, past and present. Pediatr Res. 45:124. 3183. Gross, R.E. 1936. Congenital anomalies of the gallbladder. Arch Surg. 31(1):131–162. 3184. Hall, J.G. and Hecht, F. 1964. The autosomal trisomies. Am J Nurs. 64(11):87–91. 3185. Hanneman, K., et al. 2017. Congenital variants and anomalies of the aortic arch. Radiographics. 37:32–51. 3186. Hanzlik, E. and Gigante, J. 2017. Microcephaly. Children. 4. DOI: org/10.3390/children4060047. 3187. Has, R.H. 1988. The history and challenge of Rett syndrome. J Child Neurol. 3(S):S3–S5. 3188. Hingorani, M. 2012. Aniridia. Eur J Hum Genet. 20(10):1011– 1017. 3189. Hunter, A. and Soothill, P 2002. Gastroschisis: An overview. Prenat Diagn. 22:869–873. 3190. Hwang, P-J. and Kousseff, B.G. 2004. Omphalocele and gastroschisis: An 18-year review study. Genet Med. 6(4):232– 236. 3191. Jagtap, S.V., et al. 2015. Otocephaly: Agnathia-MicrostomiaSynotia syndrome: A rare congenital anomaly. J Clin Diagn Res. (9):ED03–ED04. 3192. Jelsma, F. and Ploetner, E.J. 1953. Painful spina bifida occulta: With review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 10(1):19–27. 3193. Johnson, J.M., et al. 2011. Syndromes of the first and second branchial arches, part 1: Embryology and characteristic defects. Am J Neuroradiol. 32:14–19. 3194. Johnson, J.M., et al. 2011. Syndromes of the first and second branchial arches, part 2: Syndromes. Am J Neuroradiol. 32:230–236.

Developmental Anomalies

3195. Kim, S.S., et al. 2019. Various congenital abnormalities and anatomic variants of the pancreas: A pictorial review. J Belgian Soc Radiol. 103(1):1–9. 3196. Kobes, H.R. and Pruzansky, S. 1960. The cleft palate team: A historical review. Am J Public Health. 50(2):200–205. 3197. Kobori, J.A., et al. 1987. Arhinencephaly: The spectrum of associated malformations. Brain. 110:237–260. 3198. Krishnamurthy, S., et al. 2015. Salivary gland disorders: A comprehensive review. World J Stomatol. 4(2):56–71. 3199. Lancaster, P.A.L. 2011. Causes of birth defects: Lessons from history. Congenit Anom. 51:2–5. 3200. Landing, B.J. 1957. Anomalies of the respiratory tract. Pediatr Clin North Am. 4:73–101. 3201. Lemoine, P. 2012. The history of alcoholic fetopathies. J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol. 19(2):e224–e226. 3202. Lentze, M. 2014. Congenital disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Georgian Med New. 230:46–53. 3203. Lipton, M. 1969. The history and superstitions of birth defects. Part 1. J School Health. 39(8):579–582. 3204. Lipton, M. 1971. The history and superstitions of birth defects. J Am Pharm Assoc. 11(7):395–399. 3205. Löwy, I. 2017. Imperfect Pregnancies: A History Of Birth Defects And Prenatal Diagnosis. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 3206. Marcus, C.L., et al. 2009. Developmental aspects of the upper airway. Proc Am Thorac Sco. 6(6):513–520. 3207. Marini, T., et al. 2017. Beyond bronchitis: A review of the congenital and acquired abnormalities of the bronchus. Insights Imaging. 8:141–153. 3208. Millen, K.J. and Gleeson, J.G. 2008. Cerebellar development and disease. Curr Opin Neurol. 18(1):12–19. 3209. Mitchell, H.S. 1934. The Klippel-Feil syndrome (Congenital webbed neck). Arch Dis Child. 9(52):213–218. 3210. Moore, L. 2010. Anencephaly. J Diagn Med Sonog. 26(6):286– 289. 3211. Morax, S. and Hurbli, T. 1988. The management of congenital malpositions of eyelids, eyes and orbits. Eye. 2:207–219.

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3212. Muniraman, H., et al. 2018. Disorders of the umbilical cord. Pediatr Rev. 39(7):332–341. 3213. Naidich, T.P., et al. 1992. Cephaloceles and related malformations. Am J Neuroradiol. 13:655–690. 3214. Olsen, C. 1997. An annotated bibliography of the National Birth Defects Prevention Network. Teratology. 56(1–2):50– 62. 3215. Orloff, M.J. 1954. Congenital anomalies of the anus and rectum: The recognition and management. J Pediatr. 45(3):316–331. 3216. Pellestor, F., et al. 2011. Complex chromosomal rearrangements: Origin and meiotic behavior. Hum Reprod Update. 17(4):476–494. 3217. Perko, M. 1986. The history of treatment of cleft lip and palate. Prog Pediatr Surg. 20:238–251. 3218. Philip, A.G.S. 2004. Historical perspectives: Chromosomal abnormalities and clinical syndromes. Neoreviews. 5(8):e315–e320. 3219. Pikkel, J. 2013. Isolated spherophakia and glaucoma. Case Rep Med. 2013:516490. 3220. Pilz, D.T. and Quarrell, O.W.J. 1996. Syndromes with Lissencephaly. J Med Genetics. 33:319–323. 3221. Poaty, H., et al. 2019. Omphalocele: A review of common genetic etiologies. Egypt J Med Hum Genet. 20:37. 3222. Poe, L.B., et al. 1989. Congenial central nervous system anomalies. Radiographics. 9(5):801–826. 3223. Prescott, K.R. and Wilkie, A.O.M. 2007. Genetic aspects of birth defects: New understandings of old problems. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 92(4):F308–F314. 3224. Pruitt, L.J. 2012. Living with spina bifida: A historical perspective. Pediatrics. 130(2):181–183. 3225. Quintanilla-Dieck, L. and Penn, E.B., Jr. 2018. Congenital neck masses. Clin Perinatol. 45(4):769–785. 3226. Rodríguez-Hernández, M.L. and Montoya, E. 2011. Fifty years of evolution of the term Down’s syndrome (Correspondence). Lancet. 378(9789):402. 3227. Rohilla, M. 2017. Etiology of various dental developmental anomalies: Review of literature. J Dent Probl Solut. 4(2):19– 25.

Developmental Anomalies

3228. Saker, E., et al. 2016. Historical perspective of split cord malformations: A tale of two cords. Pediatr Neurosurg. 52. DOI: 10.1159/000450584. 3229. Schedl, A. 2007. Renal abnormalities and their developmental origin. Nat Rev Genet. 8:791–802. 3230. Schoenfelder, K.P. and Fox, D.T. 2015. The expanding implications of polyploidy. J Cell Biol. 209(4):485–491. 3231. Schumacher, G.H., et al. 1987. The history of congenital malformations with special reference to conjoined twins. 1. From ancient times to the 18th century. Anat Anz. 164(3):225–236. [German] 3232. Schumacher, G.H., et al. 1987. The history of congenital malformations with special reference to conjoined twins. 2. The 18th to the 20th centuries. Anat Anz. 164(4):291–303. [German] 3233. Schutte, B.C. and Murray, J.C. 1999. The many faces and factors of orofacial clefts. Hum Mol Genet. 8(10):1853–1859. 3234. Sergi, C. 2015. Hirschsprung’s disease: Historical notes and pathological diagnosis on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of Dr. Harald Hirschsprung’s death. World J Clin Pediatr. 4(4):120–125. 3235. Shanmugam, G., et al. 2005. Congenital lung malformations: Antenatal and postnatal evaluation and management. Eur J Cardio Thorac Surg. 27:45–52. 3236. Shrestha, A., et al. 2015. Developmental anomalies affecting the morphology of teeth: A review. RSBO (Online). 12(1):68– 78. 3237. Shulman, L.P. and Elias, S. 1988. Developmental abnormalities of the female reproductive tract: Pathogenesis and nosology. Adolesc Pediatr Oncol. 1(4):230–238. 3238. Sowden, J.C. 2007. Molecular and developmental mechanisms of anterior segment dysgenesis. Eye. 21:1310–1318. 3239. Spalice, A., et al. 2009. Neuronal migration disorders: Clinical, neuroradiologic and genetics aspects. Acta Pediatrica. 98:421–433. 3240. Spitz, L. 2008. A historical vignette: Gastroschisis. J Pediatr Surg. 43(7):1396–1397.

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3241. Squire, W. and Jansen, A. 2014. Polymicrogyria: Pathology, fetal origins and mechanisms. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2:80. 3242. Starbuck, J.M. 2011. On the antiquity of Trisomy 21: Moving towards a quantitative diagnosis of down syndrome in historic material culture. Journal of Contemporary Anthropology. 11(1):19–44. 3243. Streissguth, A.P. 1978. Fetal alcohol syndrome: An epidemiologic perspective. Am J Epidemiol. 107(6):467–478. 3244. Taylor, D. 1998. Congenital cataract: The history, the nature and the practice. Eye. 12:9–36. 3245. Toka, H.R., et al. 2010. Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract. Semin Nephrol. 30(4):374–386. 3246. Traub, E.F. 1956. Common congenital abnormalities of the skin. Pediatr Clin North Am. 3(3):665–699. 3247. Trinkhaus, E. 2018. An abundance of developmental anomalies abnormalities in Pleistocene people. PNAS. 115(47):11941–11946. 3248. Turcu, A.F. and Auchus, R.J. 2015. The next 150 years of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 153:63–71. 3249. Twigg, S.R.F. and Wilkie, A.O.M. 2015. New insights into craniofacial malformations. Hum Mol Genet. 24(R1):R50– R59. 3250. Van den Veyver, I.B. 2019. Prenatally diagnosed developmental abnormalities of the central nervous system and genetic syndromes: A practical review. Prenatal Diag. 39:666–678. 3251. Vargesson, N. 2009. Thalidomide‐induced limb defects: Resolving a 50‐year‐old puzzle. Bioessays. 31(12):1327– 1336. 3252. Vargesson, N. 2015. Thalidomide-induced teratogenesis: History and mechanisms. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 105(2):140–156. 3253. Vollman, R.F. 1969. Down’s Syndrome (Mongolism): A Reference Bibliography. Washington, D.C.: National Institutes of Health.

Symptoms, Signs or Clinical Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified

3254. Walton, M.T., et al. 1993. Historical essay: of monsters and prodigies: The interpretation of birth defects in the sixteenth century. Am J Med Genetics. 47(1):7–13. 3255. Warren, K.R., et al. 2001. Fetal alcohol syndrome: An international perspective. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res. 25(5):202S–206S. 3256. Woudstra, O.I., et al. 2017. Origins and consequences of congenital heart defects affecting the right ventricle. Cardiovasc Res. 113:1509–1520. 3257. Wright, D. 2011. Downs: The History of a Disability. Oxford University Press. 3258. Wynn, M. and Wynn, A. 1981. Historical associations of congenital malformations. International Journal of Environ Studies. 17(1):7–12.

Symptoms, Signs or Clinical Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified (ICD-21)

3259. Beresford, R.W. and Gosbell, I.B. 2016. Pyrexia of unknown origin: Causes, investigation and management. Intern Med J. 46(9):1011–1016. 3260. Donovan, H. 1953. Malignant cachexia. Proc R Soc Med. 47:27–32. 3261. Kroenke, K. 1997. Symptoms and science (Editorial). J Gen Intern Med. 12(8):509–510. 3262. Lian, O.S. and Bondevik, H. 2015. Medical constructions of long-term exhaustion, past and present. Sociol Health Illn. 37(6):920–935. 3263. Obladen, M. 2018. Cot death: History of an iatrogenic disaster. Neonatology. 113:162–169. 3264. Panelli, M.C. 2017. JTM advances in uncharted territories: Diseases and disorders of unknown etiology. J Transl Med. 15:192. 3265. Vanderschueren, S., et al. 2003. From prolonged febrile illness to fever of unknown origin: The challenge continues. Arch Intern Med. 163:1033–1041.

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3266. Wright, J.R., Jr. 2017. A fresh look at the history of SIDS. Acad Forensic Pathol. 7(2):146–162.

Injury, Poisoning, or Certain Other Consequences of External Causes (ICD-22) 3267. Aicale, R., et al. 2018. Overuse injuries in sport: A comprehensive review. J Orthop Surg Res. 13(1):309. 3268. Andreotti, M., et al. 2018. The ‘chauffeur fracture.’ Historical origins of an often-forgotten eponym. Hand. 15(2):252–254. 3269. Armstrong, L.E. and Kavouras, S.A. 2019. Thirst and drinking paradigms: Evolution from single factor effects to brainwide dynamic networks. Nutrients. 11(12):2864. 3270. Avramidis, S. 2009. Drowning in ancient Greek history and mythology. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education. 3(4):422–431. 3271. Ball, C.G., et al. 2010. A decade of experience with injuries to the gallbladder. J Trauma Manag Outcomes. 4:3. 3272. Balzano, F.L. and Hudak, S.J. 2018. Military genitourinary injuries: Past, present and future. Transl Androl Urol. 7(4):646–652. 3273. Bartonícek, J. 2004. Proximal femur fractures: The pioneer era of 1818–1925. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 419:306–310. 3274. Bemelman, M., et al. 2010. Historic overview of treatment techniques for rib fractures and flail chest. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 36:407–415. 3275. Bharathi, R.R. and Bajantri, B. 2011. Nail bed injuries and deformities of nail. Indian J Plast Surg. 44(2):197–202. 3276. Blank-Reid, C. 2006. A historical review of penetrating abdominal trauma. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 18(3):387– 401. 3277. Bouchama, A. 1995. Heatstroke: A new look at an ancient disease. Intensive Care Med. 21:623–625. 3278. Brown, L.K. 1990. Traumatic amputation: Mechanisms of injury, treatment, and rehabilitation. AAOHN J. 38(10):483– 486.

Injury, Poisoning, or Certain Other Consequences of External Causes

3279. Butler, W.P. 2004. Caisson disease during the construction of the Eads and Brooklyn Bridges: A review. Undersea Hyperb Med. 31(4):445–459. 3280. Campbell, R.A., et al. 2017. Hand-arm vibration syndrome: A rarely seen diagnosis. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech. 3(2):60– 62. 3281. Casa, D.J., et al. 2010. Historical perspectives on medical care for heat stroke, part 1: Ancient times through the 19th century. Athletic Training and Sports Health Care. 2(3):132– 138. 3282. Casa, D.J., et al. 2010. Historical perspectives on medical care for heat stroke, part 2: 1850 through the present. Athl Train Sports Health Care. 2(4):179–190. 3283. Casper, S.T. 2018. Concussion: A history of science and medicine, 1870–2005. Headache. 58(6):795–810. 3284. Chi, P. and Kelham, S.A. 2020. Common overuse injuries of the elbow. JAAPA. 33(3):48–49. 3285. Conley, B. and de Waal, A. 2019. The purposes of starvation: Historical and contemporary uses. Journal of International Criminal Justice. 17:699–722. 3286. Donovan, W.H. 2007. Spinal cord injury: Past, present, and future. J Spinal Cord Med. 30(2):85–100. 3287. Eknoyan, G. 2008. Emergence of the concept of acute kidney injury. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 15(3):308–313. 3288. Freeman, P. 1972. Inner ear barotrauma. Arch Otolaryngol. 95(6):556–563. 3289. Ganz, J.C. and Arndt, J. 2014. A history of depressed skull fractures from ancient times to 1800. J Hist Neurosci. 23(3):233–251. 3290. Grigg, D. 1981. The historiography of hunger: Changing views on the world food problem, 1945–1980. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers. 6(3):279–292. 3291. Guly, H.R. 2011. History of accidental hypothermia. Resuscitation. 82(1):122–125. 3292. Guly, H.R. 2012. Frostbite and other cold injuries in the heroic age of Antarctic exploration. Wilderness and Environmental Medicine. 23:365–370.

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3293. Hardwicke, J., et al. 2012. Chemical burns: An historical comparison and review of the literature. Burns. 38(3):383– 387. 3294. Hughes, S.P. 1975. An historical review of fractures involving the ankle joint. Mayo Clin Proc. 50(10):611–614. 3295. Huppert, D., et al. 2017. A historical view of motion sickness: A plague at sea and on land, also with military impact. Front Neurol. 8:114. 3296. Jacob, J.R., et al. 1986. Chronic pernio: A historical perspective of cold-induced vascular disease. Arch Intern Med. 146(8):1589–1592. 3297. Jagodzinski, N.A., et al. 2010. Crush injuries and crush syndrome: A review. Part 1. The systemic injury. Trauma. 12(2):69–88. 3298. Jagodzinski, N.A., et al. 2010. Crush injuries and crush syndrome: A review. Part 2. The local injury. Trauma. 12(3):133–148. 3299. Kendler, D.L., et al. 2016. Vertebral fractures: Clinical importance and management. Am J Med. 129:221.e1–221. e10. 3300. Keusch, G.T. 2003. The history of nutrition: malnutrition, infection and immunity. J Nutr. 133(1):336s–340s. 3301. Lahiri, R. and Bhattacharya, S. 2013. Pancreatic trauma. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 95(4):241–245. 3302. Lee, K.C., et al. 2014. History of burns: The past, present and the future. Burns Trauma. 2(4):169–180. 3303. Lindskog, G.E. 1961. Some historical aspects of thoracic trauma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 42(1):1–11. 3304. Mahat, Y., et al. 2019. A contemporary review of adult bladder trauma. J Inj Violence Res. 11(2):101–106. 3305. Milroy, C.M. 2015. A brief history of ‘asphyxia’. Acad Forensic Pathol. 5(2):254–265. 3306. Prentice, A.M. 2005. Starvation in humans: Evolutionary background and contemporary implications. Mech Ageing Dev. 126(9):976–981. 3307. Quiñones-Ossa, G.A., et al. 2020. The puzzle of spontaneous versus traumatic intracranial hemorrhages. Egypt J Neurosurg. 35:13.

External Causes of Morbidity or Mortality

3308. Rai, J., et al. 1999. Electrical injuries: A 30-year review. J Trauma. 46:933–936. 3309. Rajagopalan, S. 2010. Crush injuries and crush syndrome. Med J Armed Forces India. 66(4):317–320. 3310. Rose, F.C. 1997. The history of head injuries: An overview. J Hist Neurosci. 6(2):154–180. 3311. Schechter, D.C. and Sarot, A. 1968. Historical accounts of injuries due to cold. Surgery. 63(3):527–535. 3312. Snook, G.A. 1983. A short history of the anterior cruciate ligament and the treatment of tears. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 172:11–13. 3313. Stahel, P.F. and Hammerberg, E.M. 2016. History of pelvic fracture management: A review. World J Emerg Surg. 11:18. 3314. Todman, D.H. whiplash injuries: A historical review. Internet J Neurol. 8(2). 3315. Tyler, J.A. and Welling, D.R. 2018. Historical perspectives on colorectal trauma management. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 31(1):5–10. 3316. Vernon, J. 2007. Hunger: A Modern History. Harvard University Press.

External Causes of Morbidity or Mortality (ICD-23)

3317. Agee, E. and Taylor, L. 2019. Historical analysis of U.S. tornado fatalities (1808–2017): Population, science, and technology. Weather Climate Society. 11(2):355–368. 3318. Ahmadi, A. 2007. Suicide by self-immolation: Comprehensive overview, experiences, and suggestions. J Burn Care Res. 28(1):30–41. 3319. Altman, A. and Nolan, T. 1995. Non-intentional asphyxiation deaths due to upper airway interference in children 0 to 14 years. Inj Prev. 1:76–80. 3320. Auker, M.R., et al. 2013. A statistical analysis of the global historical volcanic fatalities record. Journal of Applied Volcanology. 2:2. 3321. Basu, R. and Samet, J.M. 2002. Relation between ambient temperature and mortality: A review of the epidemiologic evidence. Epidemiol Rev. 24(2):190–202.

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3322. Chandran, A., et al. 2010. The global burden of unintentional injuries and an agenda for progress. Epidemiol Rev. 32(1):110–120. 3323. Clément, R., et al. 2010. Mechanism of death in hanging: A historical review of the evolution of pathophysiological hypotheses. J Forensic Sci. 55(5):1268–1271. 3324. Dhiab, M.B., et al. 2014. Accidental hanging: A report of four cases and review of the literature. J Clin Pathol Forensic Med. 5(1):1–5. 3325. Doocy, S., et al. 2013. The human impact of earthquakes: A historical review of events 1980–2009 and systematic literature review. PLoS Curr Disasters. DOI: 10.1371/currents. dis.67bd14fe457f1db0b5433a8ee20fb833. 3326. Doocy, S., et al. 2013. The human impact of floods: A historical review of events 1980–2009 and systematic literature review. PLoS Curr Disasters. DOI: 10.1371/currents.dis.f4deb457904 936b07c09daa98ee8171a. 3327. Doocy, S., et al. 2013. The human impact of tsunamis: A historical review of events 1900–2009 and systematic literature review. PLoS Curr. DOI: 10.1371/currents.dis.40f3c 5cf61110a0fef2f9a25908cd795. 3328. Franklin, R.C., et al. 2020. The burden of unintentional drowning: Global, regional and national estimates of mortality from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study. Inj Prev. 26:i83–i95. 3329. Goertzel, T., et al. 2013. Homicide booms and busts: A small-n comparative historical study. Homicide Studies. 17(1):59–74. 3330. Humphrey, N. 2017. The lure of death: suicide and human evolution. Phil Trans R Soc B. 373:20170269. 3331. James, S.L., et al. 2020. The global burden of falls: Global, regional and national estimates of morbidity and mortality from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Inj Prev. 26:i3–i11. 3332. Kennedy, I.T.R., et al. 2015. A systematic review of the health impacts of mass earth movements (landslides). PLoS Curr. DOI: 10.1371/currents.dis.1d49e84c8bbe678b0e70cf7fc35 d0b77.

External Causes of Morbidity or Mortality

3333. Lacina, B. and Gleditsch, N.P. 2005. Monitoring trends in global combat: A new dataset of battle deaths. European Journal of Population. 21(2–3):145–166. 3334. Levy, B.S. and Sidel, V.W. Documenting the effects of armed conflict on population health. Annu Rev Public Health. 17:205–218. 3335. Lu, D-Y., et al. 2020. Historical analysis of suicide. J Transl Genet Genom. 4:203–209. 3336. McIntosh, S.E., et al. 2007. Cause of death in avalanche fatalities. Wilderness Environ Med. 18(4):293–297. 3337. Roth, R. 2011. Yes we can: Working together toward a history of homicide that is empirically, mathematically, and theoretically sound. Crime History and Societies. 15(2):131– 145. 3338. Sampson, E., et al. 2004. History of deliberate self-harm and its association with mood fluctuation. J Affect Disord. 79(1– 3):223–227. 3339. Schultz, J.M., et al. 2005. Epidemiology of tropical cyclones: The dynamics of disaster, disease, and development. Epidemiol Rev. 27:21–35. 3340. Sleet, D.A., et al. 2010. A review of unintentional injuries in adolescents. Annu Rev Public Health. 31:195–212. 3341. Speechley, M. 2011. Unintentional falls in older adults: A methodological historical review. Can J Aging. 30(1):21–32. 3342. Splerenburg, P. 2014. Toward a global history of homicide and organized murder. Crime History and Societies. 18(2):99–116. 3343. Top, D.O. 1973. Fire as a symbol and as a weapon of death. Med Sci Law. 13(2):79–86. 3344. Towner, E. and Towner, J. 2000. Developing the history of unintentional injury: The use of coroners’ records in early modern England. Inj Prev. 6:102–105. 3345. Towner, E. and Towner, J. 2008. The hazards of daily life: An historical perspective on adult unintentional injuries. J Epidemiol Comm Health. 62(11):952–956. 3346. Vecino-Ortiz, A.I., et al. 2018. Effective interventions for unintentional injuries: A systematic review and mortality impact assessment among the poorest billion. Lancet Global Health. 6(5):e523–e534.

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3347. Walker, P.L. 2001. A bioarchaeological perspective on the history of violence. Annu Rev Anthropol. 30:573–596. 3348. Weaver, J. and Wright, D. 2009. Histories of Suicide: International Perspectives on Self-Destruction in the Modern World. University of Toronto Press. 3349. Wintemute, G.J. 2015. The epidemiology of firearm violence in the 21st century United States. Annu Rev Public Health. 36:5–19.

Factors Influencing Health Status or Contact with Health Services (ICD-24) 3350. Anderson, H.R. 2009. Air pollution and mortality: A history. Atmospheric Environment. 43(1):142–152. 3351. Bakhtiari, E. 2018. Immigrant health trajectories in historical context: Insights from European immigrant childhood mortality in 1910. SSM Pop Health. 5:138–146. 3352. Bernstein, S.F., et al. 2018. Poverty dynamics, poverty thresholds and mortality: An age-stage Markovian model. PLoS One. 13(5):e0195734. 3353. Booth, F.W., et al. 2012. Lack of exercise is a major cause of chronic diseases. Comp Physiol. 2(2):1143–1211. 3354. Burke, F.J. and Wilson, N.H. 1995. Measuring oral health: An historical view and details of a contemporary oral health index (OHX). Int Dent J. 45(6):358–370. 3355. Caldwell, J.C. 1990. Cultural and social factors influencing mortality levels in developing countries. Ann Am Acad Polit Soc Sci. 510(1):44–59. 3356. Ciocco, A. and Perrott, D. 1957. Statistics on sickness as a cause of poverty: An historical review of U.S. and English data. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 12(1):42–60. 3357. Couture, E.M., et al. 2017. The relationship between health literacy and quality of life among frequent users of health care services: A cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 15(1):137.

Factors Influencing Health Status or Contact with Health Services

3358. Doer, S. and Hofmann, B. 2020. Recessions and mortality: A Global Perspective (BIS Working Paper No. 910). Basel: Bank for International Settlements. 3359. Doll, R. 1998. Uncovering the effects of smoking: Historical perspective. Stat Methods Med Res. 7(2):87–117. 3360. Halliday, T.J. 2014. Unemployment and mortality: Evidence from the PSID. Soc Sci Med. 113:15–22. 3361. Hansen, C.W. and Strulik, H. 2017. Life expectancy and education: Evidence from the cardiovascular revolution. Journal of Economic Growth. 22:421–450. 3362. Hoel, D.G., et al. 2016. The risks and benefits of sun exposure 2016. Dermatoendocrinol. 8(1):e1248325. 3363. Holt-Lunstad, J., et al. 2010. Social relationships and mortality risk: A meta-analytic review. PLoS Med. 7(7):e1000316. 3364. Lelieveld, J., et al. 2020. Loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors: A worldwide perspective. Cardiovasc Res. 116:1910–1917. 3365. Montgomery, A.E., et al. 2016. Homelessness, unsheltered status, and risk factors for mortality: Findings from the 100,000 homes campaign. Public Health Rep. 131(6):765– 772. 3366. Potenza, M.N., et al. 2002. Gambling. J Gen Intern Med. 17(9):721–732. 3367. Prüss-Ustün, A., et al. 2019. Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene for selected adverse health outcomes: An updated analysis with a focus on low- and middle-income countries. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 222:765– 777. 3368. Puterman, E., et al. 2020. Predicting mortality from 57 economic, behavioural, social, and psychological factors. PNAS. 117(28):16273–16282. 3369. Schulte, M.T. and Hser, Y-I. 2014. Substance use and associated health conditions throughout the lifespan. Public Health Rev. 35(2). 3370. Schwarzenbach, R.P., et al. 2010. Global water pollution and human health. Annu Rev Environ Resour. 35:109–136. 3371. Scrimshaw, N.S. 1987. The phenomenon of famine. Ann Rev Nutr. 7:1–21.

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3372. Shaw, M. 2004. Housing and public health. Annu Rev Public Health. 25:397–418. 3373. Steffan, J.J., et al. 2018. The effect of soil on human health: An overview. European Journal of Soil Science. 69(1):159–171. 3374. Smith, K.R., et al. 2013. Energy and human health. Annu Rev Public Health. 34:159–188. 3375. Taylor, L.A. 2018. Housing and health: An overview of the literature. Health Affairs and Health Policy Brief. DOI: 10.1377/hpb20180313.396577. 3376. Walker, J.S. 1989. The controversy over radiation safety: A historical overview. JAMA. 262(5):664–668. 3377. Woolhandler, S. and Himmelstein, D.U. 2017. The relationship of health insurance and mortality: Is lack of insurance deadly? Ann Internal Med. DOI: 10.7326/M17-1403. 3378. Zajacova, A. and Lawrence, E.M. 2018. The relationship between education and health: Reducing disparities through a contextual approach. Annu Rev Public Health. 39:273–289.

Section 6

Geographic Perspectives

We need to understand the history of medicine from a global perspective. Too often the lens of nationalism obstructs our vision which can lead to the repression or mis-representation of medical information. We need to recognize that every medical professional at work in every country and region is a link in the chain of the everevolving story of medicine. Research for this section of the book reveals that most developing countries are not well represented in the medical literature. That these countries exhibit so few historical treatments in medicine is due to a variety of factors, but chief among them are economics, the lack of medical educational opportunities, and the often-shifting boundaries of countries and regions resulting from war and political strife. Afghanistan is an example of this problem. The majority of English language literature on medicine in this country is based on the experience of Russian and American forces and injuries to their military, with relatively little literature on how medicine evolved as a science in Afghanistan irrespective of invading or occupying forces. Due to this lack of historical information, many cited documents are contemporary assessments of medical specialties or practices or status reports on population health and welfare. The countries presented in this section are primarily member states of the United Nations, however, non-member states are From Hippocrates to COVID-19: A Bibliographic History of Medicine Dale A. Stirling Copyright © 2023 Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. ISBN 978-981-4968-35-5 (Hardcover), 978-1-003-28278-5 (eBook) www.jennystanford.com

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included as well. A specific effort was made to identify literature related to predecessor countries or regions (e.g., Burma, Ceylon, and, Siam). Other information that clarifies a country’s heritage or status is noted in parenthesis (e.g., Borneo which is shared by the Malaysian States of Sabah and Sarawak, Indonesian Kalimantan, and Brunei). A wealth of medical information pertains to regions rather than specific countries. Therefore, numerous regions are represented in this section and the related headings represent the existing body of literature. A section on the United States is included; however, the cited literature are broad stroke historical treatments of medicine in general or pertain to specific medical specialties and practice areas.

Afghanistan

3379. Acerra, J.R., et al. 2009. Rebuilding the health care system in Afghanistan: An overview of primary care and emergency services. Int J Emerg Med. 2(2):77–82. 3380. Davis, D.K., et al. 1995. Ethnoveterinary medicine in Afghanistan: An overview of indigenous animal health care among Pashtun Koochi nomads. Journal of Arid Environments. 31(4):483–500. 3381. Maley, W. 2010. Afghanistan: An historical and geographical appraisal. Int Rev Red Cross. 92(880). 3382. Ridley, J.H. 1967. Medicine in Afghanistan. Journal of the Medical Association of Georgia. 56(7):289–290.

Africa: General and Regional 3383. Benedict, A.O. 2014. The perception of illness in traditional Africa and the development of traditional medical practice. Int J Nurs. 1(1):51–59. 3384. Boyle, J. 1831. A Practical Medico-Historical Account of the Western Coast of Africa: Embracing a Topographical Description of Its Shores, Rivers, and Settlements, with Their Seasons and Comparative Healthiness: Together with the

Africa

Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, of the Fevers of Western Africa, and a Similar Account Respecting the Other Diseases Which Prevail There. London: S. Highley. 3385. Burke-Gaffney, H.O. 1968. The history of medicine in the African countries. Med Hist. 12(1):31–41. 3386. Busia, K. 2005. Medical provision in Africa: Past and present. Phytotherapy Res. 19(11):919–923. 3387. Chinyanga, H.M. 1999. The history of the Central African Journal of Medicine 1953–1999. Cent Afr J Med. 45(8):227– 229. 3388. Davies, J. 1979. Pestilence and Disease in the History of Africa. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press. 3389. el Khamlichi, A. 1996. African neurosurgery. 1: Historical outline. Neurochirurgie. 42(6):312–320. [French] 3390. Gelfand, M. 1964. Medicine and Custom in Africa. Edinburgh: E. and S. Livingstone Ltd. 3391. Giles-Vernick, T. and Webb, J.L., Jr. (Eds.). 2013. Global Health in Africa: Historical Perspectives on Disease Control. Athens: Ohio University Press. 3392. Graboyes, M. 2014. Incorporating medical research into the history of medicine in East Africa. International Journal of African Historical Studies. 47(3):379–398. 3393. Hartwig, G.W. and Patterson, K.D. 1978. Disease in African History. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 3394. Iliffe, J. 1998. East African Doctors: A History of the Modern Profession. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3395. Janzen, J.M. 2011. Towards a historical perspective on African medicine and health. Curare. 34(4):282–295. 3396. Konadu, K. 2008. Medicine and anthropology in twentieth century Africa: Akan medicine and encounters with (medical) anthropology. African Studies Quarterly. 10(2–3):45–69. 3397. Malowany, M. 2000. Unfinished agendas: Writing the history of medicine of sub-Saharan Africa. African Affairs. 99(395):325–349. 3398. Masebo, O. 2018. Historiography of health, disease and healing in Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa. Utafiti Journal. 10(1):72–89.

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3399. Monekosso, G.L. 2014. A brief history of medical education in sub-Saharan Africa. Acad Med. 89(8):S11–S15. 3400. Ombongi, K.S., et al. 2013. The East African Medical Journal: Its history and contribution to regional malaria research during the last 75 years. East Afr Med J. 75(6):S10–S19. 3401. Patterson, K.D. 1974. Disease and medicine in African history: A bibliographic essay. History in Africa. 1:141–148. 3402. Payet, M. 1960. History of the organization of medicine in dark Africa by France. Bull Natl Acad Med. 144:405–409. [French] 3403. Ransford, O. 1983. Bid the Sickness Cease: Disease in the History of Black Africa. London: John Murray. 3404. Roberts, J. 2016. Western medicine in Africa to 1900. Part I. North, west and central Africa. History Compass. 15:e12400. 3405. Roberts, J. 2017. Western medicine in Africa, Part II. Ethiopia, East and Southern Africa. History Compass. 15:e12393. 3406. Tangwa, G.B. 2007. How not to compare western scientific medicine with African traditional medicine. Dev World Bioeth. 7(1):41–44. 3407. Tettey, C. 1970. Medicine in Africa: A bibliographic essay. A Current Bibliography on African Affairs. 3(1):5–18. 3408. Tilley, H. 2016. Medicine, empires and ethics in colonial Africa. AMA J Ethics. 18(7):743–753. 3409. Waite, G. 1987. Public health in pre-colonial East-Central Africa. Soc Sci Med. 24(3):197–208.

Albania

3410. Aleksandrovskii, A.B. 1960. Development of psychiatry in Albania. Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im SS Korsakova. 60:109– 114. [Russian] 3411. Gjonca, A., et al. 1997. Paradoxes of health transition in Europe’s poorest country: Albania 1950–90. Population Development Review. 23(3):585–609. 3412. Glaors, D., et al. 2001. Health care in Albania: What of the future? Lancet. 357(9261):1047.

Algeria

3413. Nuri, B. 2002. Albania: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 4(6). 3414. Roshi, E. and Burazeri, G. 2005. Revitalization of academic medicine in Albania. Croat Med J. 46(1):10–15. 3415. Seikaly, M.G., et al. 2008. A major milestone in the history of Albanian kidney transplant. Pediatric Transplant. 12(4):402– 406.

Algeria

3416. Bégué, J.M. 1996. French psychiatry in Algeria (1830–1962): From colonial to transcultural. Hist Psychiatry. 7(28):533– 548. 3417. Clark, H.L. 2014. Doctoring the bled: Medical auxiliaries and the administration of rural life in colonial Algeria, 1904– 1954. Doctoral Dissertation, Princeton University. 3418. Gallois, W. 2008. The Administration of Sickness: Medicine and Ethics in Nineteenth Century Algeria. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 3419. Hilton-Simpson, M.W. 1922. Arab Medicine and Surgery: A Study of the Healing Art in Algeria. London: Oxford University Press. 3420. Lorcin, P.M. 1999. Imperialism, colonial identity, and race in Algeria, 1830–1870: The role of the French medical corps. Isis. 90(4):653–679. 3421. Passager, P. 1957. Historical, geographic and medical study of Ouargla, Algeria. Arch Inst Pasteur d’Algerie. 35(2):99–200. 3422. Passager, P. and Barbancon, S. 1956. Historical, geographical and medical study of Taghit, Algeria. Arch Inst Pasteur d’Algerie. 34(3):404–475. 3423. Reboul, E. 1953. Historical, geographical and medical study of the Gourara, Algeria. Arch InstPasteur d’Algerie. 31(2):164– 246. 3424. Simanowitz, S. 2010. Health care in the Algerian desert. Lancet. 375(9732):2135–2136. 3425. Zou, D. 2019. Socialist medicine and maoist humanitarianism: Chinese medical missions to Algeria, 1963–1984. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University.

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Andorra 3426. Dubois, H.F., et al. 2004. Health Care Systems in Transition: Andorra (No. EUR/04/5046928). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe.

Angola

3427. Copithorne, A.E. 1951. Nursing in Angola. Can Nurse. 47(12):884. 3428. Dias, J.R. 1981. Famine and disease in the history of Angola, C. 1830–1930. Journal of African History. 22(3):349–378. 3429. Hilhorst, D. 2010. Serrano M. The humanitarian arena in Angola, 1975–2008. Disasters. 2(S34):S183–S201. 3430. Leader, A. and Snyder, A. 2006. Essays in public health and preventive medicine. History and health care in Angola. Mt Sinai J Med. 73(2):567–568. 3431. Teixera, W.J. 1968. Subsidies for the history of Portuguese medicine in Angola. Bol Inst Angola. (30–32):5–26. [Portuguese] 3432. Varanda, J.2014. Biomedical health care in Angola and in the Companhia de Diamantes de Angola, circa 1910–1970. Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos. 21(2):587–608. [Portuguese]

Antigua and Barbuda

3433. Kendig, J.W. 2001. Kenneth Harrison Uttley (1901–1972). Historian to the diseases of Antigua, British West Indies. West Indian Med J. 50(4):60–62. 3434. Berleant-Schiller, R., et al. 1995. Antigua and Barbuda: An Annotated Critical Bibliography. Oxford: Clio Press.

Arabic, Islamic, Muslim, and Middle East Region

3435. Abdel-Halim, R.E. 2013. Medicine and health in medieval Arabic poetry: An historical review. Int J Hist Philos Med. 3:1–7.

Arabic, Islamic, Muslim, and Middle East Region

3436. Abyad, A., et al. 2007. Development of family medicine in the middle east. Family Med. 39(10):736–741. 3437. Al-Ghazal, S.K. 2004. Medical ethics in Islamic history at a glance. JISHIM. 3(5):12–13. 3438. Anmar, S. 1976. History of Arabic medicine. Tunis Med. 54(1):513–523. [French] 3439. Anmar, S. 1980. The four phases of Arabo-Islamic medicine. Tunis Med. 58(4):564–567. [French] 3440. Anmar, S. 1980. The main outlines of Arabo-Islamic medicine. Tunis Med. 58(4):568–577. [French] 3441. Aw, T-C. 2017. Occupational medicine in the middle east. Occup Med. 67:416–418. 3442. Bickers, W. 1987. The legacy of Arabic medicine. Virginia Med. 114(6):345–349. 3443. Brewer, H. 2004. Historical perspectives on health: Early Arabic medicine. J R Soc Promot Health. 124(4):184–187. 3444. Edriss, H., et al. 2017. Islamic medicine in the middle ages. Am J Med Sci. 354(3):223–229. 3445. El-Islam, F.M. 1982. Arab cultural psychiatry. Transcult Psychiatry Res Rev. 19:5–24. 3446. El-Rifaie, M. and Scott, L.S. 1972. Early Arabian urologists: A historical review. Br J Urol. 44(2):161–164. 3447. Fadel, H.E. 1996. Obstetrics in Islamic medicine: An historical perspective. Journal of the Islamic Medical Association of North America. 28(3). 3448. Greppin, J.A.C., et al. (Eds.) 1999. The Diffusion of Greco-Roman Medicine into the Middle East and the Caucasus. Delmar, NY: Caravan Books. 3449. Hamarneh, S. 1966. Arabic historiography as related to the health professions in medieval Islam. Sudhoffs Archiv. 50(1):2–24. 3450. Hanafy, H.M., et al. 1976. Early Arabian medicine contribution to urology. Urology. 8(1):63–67. 3451. Haque, A. 2004. Psychology from Islamic perspective: Contributions of early Muslim scholars and challenges to contemporary Muslim psychologists. J Relig Health. 43(4):357–377.

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3452. Idriss, H. 2004. History of genetics in Islam: About colour, stature, and camels. JISHIM. 3(6):22–27. 3453. Jalili Kohnehshahri, T. and Safi, S. 2014. History of ophthalmology in Islamic world. Bina J Ophthalmol. 19(4):370–378. 3454. Keys, T.E. and Wakim, K.G. 1953. Contributions of the Arabs to medicine. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin. 28(16):423–437. 3455. Kronfol, N.M. 2012. Historical development of health systems in the Arab countries: A review. East Mediterr Health J. 18(11):1151–1156. [Arabic and French Abstract/English] 3456. Kuhne Brabant, R. 2001. The historiography of Arabic medicine and the challenges of the XXI century. Dynamis. 21:189–203. [Spanish] 3457. Lindstedt, E. 1987. Islamic medicine: Its days of glory, decline and revival. Sydvsen Medicinhist Sallsk Arsskr. 4:139–156. 3458. Majeed, A. 2005. How Islam changed medicine. BMJ. 331(7531):1486–1487. 3459. Malik, T.G. 2011. Muslims and the medical research: Past, present, and future. Oman Med J. 26(6):383–384. 3460. Monette, M. 2012. The medicine of the prophet. CMAJ. 184(12):E649–E650. 3461. Montague, J. 1984. Hospitals in the Muslim Near East: A historical overview. Mimar. 14:20–27. 3462. Morsy, S.A. 1993. Health and society in the Middle East: Past and present. Med Anthropol Q. 7(1):101–107. 3463. Mossensohn, M.S. 2008. A tale of two discourses: The historiography of Ottoman-Muslim medicine. Soc Hist Med. 21(1):1–12. 3464. Nagamia, H. 2003. Islamic medicine history and current practice. JISHIM. 2(4):19–30. 3465. Sa’di, L.M. 1958. Glimpses into the history of Arabic medicine. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 46(2):206–218. 3466. Savage-Smith, E. 2000. The practice of surgery in Islamic lands: Myth and reality. Soc Hist Med. 13(2):307–321. 3467. Syed, I.B. 2002. Islamic medicine: 1000 years ahead of its time. ISHIM. 1(2):2–9. 3468. Tschanz, D.W. 2003. A short history of Islamic pharmacy. JISHIM. 1(3):11–17.

Argentina

3469. Withington, E.T. 1886. Medical history from the earliest times. XXVIII. Arabic medicine. I. The translators. Hospital. 13(317):53–54. 3470. Withington, E.T. 1886. Medical history from the earliest times. XXIX. Arabic medicine. 2. The eastern caliphate. Hospital. 13(318):68–69. 3471. Withington, E.T. 1886. Medical history from the earliest times. XXX. Arabic medicine. 3. Haly Abbas and Avicenna. Hospital. 13(319):85–86. 3472. Withington, E.T. 1886. Medical history from the earliest times. XXXI. Arabic medicine. 4. The western caliphate. Hospital. 13(320):99–100. 3473. Withington, E.T. 1886. Medical history from the earliest times. XXXII. Arabic medicine. 5. Hospitals and institutions. Hospital. 13(321):115–116. 3474. Woodings, A.F. 1971. The medical resources and practice of the crusader states in Syria and Palestine 1096–1193. Med Hist. 15(3):268–277.

Arctic and Circumpolar Regions 3475. Fortuine, R. 1987. Arctic medical history. Arctic Med Res. 46(1):39–41. 3476. Fortuine, R. 1991. Footprints across the snow: Learning from arctic medical history. Arctic Med Res. (Suppl):14–21. 3477. Harvald, B. 1977. Medicine in arctic regions. Ugeskr Laeger. 139(21):1252–1254. 3478. Hassi, J. 2002. Circumpolar health gains an identify of its own. Int J Circumpolar Health. 61(3):187–188.

Argentina 3479. Ayerza, R., et al. 2017. History of neuroophthalmology in Argentina. J Neuro-ophthalmol. 37(3):e11–e12. 3480. Canaveris, G. 1990. The history of aviation medicine in Argentina. Aviat Space Environ Med. 61(10):955–961.

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3481. Escudero, J.C. 2003. The health crisis in Argentina. Int J Health Serv. 33(1):129–136. 3482. Grinspan, D. 1992. History of Argentine dermatology. Int J Dermatol. 31(12):881–888. 3483. Klappenbach, H. and Jacó-Vilela, A.M. 2016. The future of the history of psychology in Argentina and Brazil. Hist Psychol. 19(3):229. 3484. Larguía, A.E. history of Argentinian pediatrics. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 36(6):1173–1180. [Spanish] 3485. Mazzei, E.S. 1968. Past, present and future of clinical medicine. The Argentine Society of History of Medicine (by Invitation). Prensa Med Argent. 55(2):115–120. [Spanish] 3486. Meeroff, M. 1967. Contribution to the study of the history of the development of Argentine gastroenterology. Rev Esp Enferm Apar Dig. 26(9):1148–1176. 3487. Pasqualini, C.D. 1987. History of immunology in Argentina. Medicina. 47(6):673–678. [Spanish] 3488. Pérgola, F.M. 2014. Historia de la medicina Argentina: Desde la dominación hispánica hasta la actualidad. Buenos Aires: Eudeba. 3489. Risolía, V.A. 1954. Medical libraries in the Republic of Argentina. Libri. 3(Jahresband):130–133. 3490. Vishnopolska, S.A., et al. 2018. Genetics and genomics in Argentina. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 6(4):481–491.

Armenia

3491. Ackerknecht, E.H. 1988. Another minority’s role in medicine: The Armenians. Gesnerus. 45(Pt 1):5–10. 3492. Aĭriian, A.P. 1972. Development of public health in the Armenian SSR. Feldsher Akush. 37(12):17–20. [Russian] 3493. Arutiunian, L.A. 1972. Public health science and practice in the Armenian SSR over the past 50 years. Gig Sanit. 37(12):26–29. [Russian] 3494. Galstanyan, B.V. 2012. The health care system in Armenia: The historical, social, and theological perspective: Past, present, and prospects. M.A. Thesis, Concordia University.

Asia

3495. Gurunluoglu, A., et al. 2017. A medieval physician: Amirdovlat Amasiatsi 1420–1495. J Med Biogr. 27(2):76–85. 3496. Israelyan, N. 2019. Fecund earth: Health and history traditions in Armenia. Fourth World Journal. 17(2):92. 3497. Ktsoian, A.S. 1966. On the history of medicine in Armenia. Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 38(4):123–126. [Russian] 3498. Mirakian, M.E. 1986. Sources of dermatology in Armenian medicine of the 9th–14th centuries. Vestn Dermatol Venerol. 5:72–74. 3499. Panosian, A.K. 1959. History of the development of microbiology in soviet Armenia. Mikrobiologia. 28(3):460– 467. [Russian] 3500. Richardson, E. 2013. Armenia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 15(4). 3501. Vardanyan, S. 2007. The medical heritage of medieval Armenia: Its theoretical and practical value in the light of modern science. Armenian Med J. 1:15–27.

Asia: General and Regional

3502. Alter, J.S. 2008. Rethinking the history of medicine in Asia: Hakim Mohammed Said and the society for the promotion of eastern medicine. Journal of Asian Studies. 67(4):1165–1186. 3503. Baer, A. 1995. Human genes and biocultural history in Southeast Asia. Asian Perspectives. 34:21–35. 3504. Ernst, W. and Lo, V. 2005. Asian medicine: Tradition and modernity. Asian Med. 1(1):1–9. 3505. Harper, T. and Amrith, S.S. (Eds.). 2014. Histories of Health in Southeast Asia: Perspectives on the Long 20th Century. Indiana University Press. 3506. Hosain, N. 2017. The early days of cardiac surgery in South Asia: The history and heritage. Annals Thorac Surg. 104(1):361–366. 3507. Kiebok, Y-I. 2020. A critical essay on the historiography of east Asian medicines: New horizons beyond dichotomy and ‘tradition.’ Korean J Med Hist. 29:569–611. [English Abstract/ Korean]

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3508. Leslie, C., (Ed.). 1976. Asian Medical Systems: A Comparative Study. Berkeley: University of California Press. 3509. Strkalj, G. 2014. History of Asian biomedicine. Sir Wilfrid Le Gros Clark: The Sarawak years. Asian Biomedicine. 8(3):429– 433.

Australia

3510. Cohen, B.C. 1965. A History of Medicine in Western Australia. Perth: Paterson Brokensha Pty. 3511. Doherty, R. 1976. Australia: Medical research 1877–1975. Ann Intern Med. 84(2):217–218. 3512. Dyke, T. and Anderson, W.P. 2014. A history of health and medical research in Australia. Med J Aust. 201(1):533–536. 3513. Ford, E. 1976. Bibliography of Australian Medicine: 1790– 1900. Sydney: Sydney University Press. 3514. Gandevia, B. 1955. An Annotated Bibliography of The History of Medicine In Australia. Glebe, NSW: Australasian Medical Publishing Co. 3515. Healy, J., et al. 2006. Australia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 8(5). 3516. Hetzel, B.S. 2000. Historical perspectives on indigenous health in Australia. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 9(3):157–163. 3517. Hewson, A.D. 2016. The history of obstetrics and gynaecology in Australia from 1950 to 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Newcastle. 3518. Hobbins, P. and Hillier, K. 2010. Isolated cases? The history and historiography of Australian medical research. Health &History. 12(2):1–17. 3519. Jamieson, W.J. 1969. Medical descriptions in early Australian history. Australas J Dermatol. 10(1):5–17. 3520. Kett, W.G. 1953. The history of optometry in Australia. Australas J Optometry. 36(1):15–30. 3521. Lewis, M.J. 1988. Managing Madness: Psychiatry and Society in Australia 1788–1980. Canberra: AGPS Press.

Austria

3522. Lewis, M.J. 2014. Medicine in colonial Australia, 1788–1900. Med J Aust. 201(1):5–10. 3523. Lowe, R.F. 1984. An outline history of ophthalmology in Australia. Aust J Ophthalmol. 12:5–14. 3524. Pearn, J.H. (Ed.). 1988. Pioneer Medicine in Australia. Brisbane: Amphion Press.

Austria

3525. Bachner, F., et al. 2018. Austria: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 20(3):1–254. 3526. Chahrour, M. 2007. ‘A civilizing mission’? Austrian medicine and the reform of medical structures in the Ottoman Empire, 1838–1850. Stud Hist Phil Biol Biomed Sci. 38:687–705. 3527. Christa, K. 2010. Austrian pharmacy in the 18th and 19th century. Scientia Pharmaceutica. 78(3):397–409. 3528. Gadner, H. 1992. The history of pediatric hematology and oncology in Austria. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 9(3):iii–vi. 3529. Jellinger, K.A. 2006. Highlights in the history of neurosciences in Austria: A review. Clin Neuropathol. 25(5):243–52. 3530. Kenner, T. 1985. Philosophy of medicine in Austria. Theor Med. 6(1):85–91. 3531. Pendl, G. 2005. Development of neurosurgery in Austria: Historical vignette. J Neurosurg. 102(Suppl):151–154. 3532. Percebois, I. 2013. Medical developments in the 19th century: The Vienna clinical school. Medicographica. 35:350–361. 3533. Vogl, A. 1967. Six hundred years of medicine in Vienna: A history of the Vienna school of medicine. Bull NY Acad Med. 43(4):282–299. 3534. Wayand, W., et al. 2002. Surgery in Austria. Arch Surg. 137:217–220. 3535. Wiedmann, A. 1957. The history of dermatology in Austria. Excerpta Med Dermatol. 11(10):418–419. 3536. Wolf, C., et al. 1997. Occupational medicine in Austria. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 69(3):151–156.

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Azerbaijan 3537. Akhundov, S.G. and Kadyrova, T.K. 1967. On the history of neuropathology in Azerbaijan, 1920–1966. Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im SS Korsakova. 67(7):1085–1087. [Russian] 3538. Alakbarli, F. 2011. Medicine in ancient and medieval Azerbaijan. IRS Heritage. 4:52–57. 3539. Bakhshiev, B.A., et al. 1982. History of the development of radiology in Azerbaijan. Med Radiol (Mosk). 27(12):18–21. [Russian] 3540. Efendiyeva, N. 1995. Medicine in Azerbaijan: A brief historical overview. Azerbaijan International. 3(4).12. 3541. Ibrahimov, F., et al. 2009. Azerbaijan: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition. 12(3):1–115. 3542. Sule, H., et al. 2008. State of emergency medicine in Azerbaijan. Int J Emerg Med. 1(1):3–9. 3543. Vekilov, F.M. 1965. Public health in Azerbaijan. Sov Zdravookhr. 24:15–20. [Russian]

Babylonia and Assyria

3544. Contenau, G. 1938. La médecine en Assyrie et en Babylonie. Paris: Maloine. 3545. Geller, M.J. 2010. Ancient Babylonian Medicine: Theory and Practice. Chichester, England: Wiley-Blackwell.

Bahamas

3546. Eldridge, J. 1975. Bush medicine in the Exumas and Long Island, Bahamas: A field study. Economic Botany. 29:307–332. 3547. Gibson, E. 2015. Bahamian bush medicine: Fact or fiction? International Journal of Bahamian Studies. 21(1):108–115. 3548. Halberstein, R.A. and Saunders, A.B. 1978. Traditional medical practices and medicinal plant usage on a Bahamian island. Cult Med Psychiatry. 2:177–203.

Balkans

Bahrain 3549. Abuzeyad, F., et al. 2018. Emergency medicine in the kingdom of Bahrain. Int J Emerg Med. 11:4. 3550. Al-Attar, M. 2016. History of medicine in Bahrain territory. J Res Hist Med. 5(3):171–180. [English Abstract/Arabic] 3551. Al Hillli, F. 2002. History of medical laboratory services in Bahrain. Part 1. The beginning and early developments (1940–1963). Bahrain Med Bull. 24(4). 3552. Al Hillli, F. 2003. History of medical laboratory services in Bahrain. Part II. The foundation of modern laboratory services (1963–1975). Bahrain Med Bull. 25(1). 3553. Ataur-Rahim, M. 1989. Medical literature on Bahrain. A bibliographic survey 1906–1979. Hamdard Med. 32(3):101– 103.

Balkans

3554. Baykan, D. 2017. Medicine in Balkans during the Roman period. Balkan Med J. 34(4):295–300. 3555. Doxanaki, A. 2017. The development of Balkan Medical Museums and their contribution to the history of medicine: Examining the role of medical collections of the national and Kapodistrian University of Athens. Arch Balkan Medical Union. 52(1):72–77. 3556. Koçak, Z. and Ulugöl, A. 2018. History of Balkan Medical Journal: Road to high-impact journal. Balkan Med J. 35(1):1– 7. 3557. Pavlova, V.T. 1969. From the history of the medical culture of the Balkan nations: From the end of the 18th to beginning of the 19th centuries. Soviet Medicine. 32(9):145–147. [Russian] 3558. Turda, M. 2012. Ancients and moderns: The rise of social history of medicine in the Balkans. Deltos. 13–16.

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Baltics 3559. Gustavson, Kh. 1968. The history of hospitals in the Baltic region. Sov Zdravookhr. 27(5):58–61. 3560. Håkansson, A., et al. 2008. Family medicine in the Baltic countries. Scand J Prim Health Care. 26(2):67–69. 3561. Hansson, N. and Wistrand, J. (Eds.). 2019. Explorations in Baltic Medical History 1850–2015. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press. 3562. Stradiņš, J. 2010. Foundation of the Baltic Association of the History and Philosophy of Science. Baltic Journal of European Studies. 1(1):11–23.

Bangladesh 3563. Das Gupta, S.M. 1988. Forensic medicine in Bangladesh. An impression. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 9(1):76–77. 3564. Hadley, M.B. and Roques, A. 2007. Nursing in Bangladesh: Rhetoric and reality. Soc Sci Med. 64(6):1153–1165. 3565. Hussain, R. 2016. History and perspectives of nuclear medicine in Bangladesh. Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol. 4(1):55– 58. 3566. Islam, M.N. and Islam, M.N. 2003. Forensic medicine in Bangladesh. Leg Med. 5:S357–S359. 3567. Jamal, N., et al. 2014. History of neurology in Bangladesh. Neurology. 82(S10).

Barbados 3568. Handler, J.S. 2000. Slave Medicine and Obeah in Barbados, circa 1650 to 1834. New West Indian Guide. 74(1–2):57–90. 3569. Hoyos, M.D., et al. 1981. Family practice in Barbados. Bull Pan Am Health Orgn. 15(1):3–10. 3570. Pan American Health Organization. 2008. Health Systems and Services Profile. Barbados: Office of Eastern Caribbean Cooperation.

Belgium

3571. Schmidt, P.J. and Leacock, A.G. 2002. Forgotten transfusion history: John Leacock of Barbados. BMJ. 325(7378):1485– 1487. 3572. Walrond, E.R. 2001. Health in Barbados in the 20th century. West Indian Med J. 50:11–14.

Belarus 3573. Malyshko, M.A., et al. 2018. The history of phytotherapy for cardiac diseases in the Republic of Belarus. Current Traditional Medicine. 4(2):93–100. 3574. Richardson, E., et al. 2013. Belarus: Health system review. Health Sys Transit. 15(5):1–118. 3575. Timoshenko, A.P., et al. 2005. Otolaryngology in Belarus between 1880 and 1920. J Laryngol Otol. 30:8–9. 3576. Tishchenko, E.M. 2014. Health care in Belarus in the 19th and 20th centuries. Int J Pharm Compd. 18(5):382–391. 3577. Tiszczenko, E.M. 2001. Health care in today’s western Belarus in the inter-war period (1921–1939). Med Nowozytna. 8(2):153–174. [Polish]

Belgium

3578. Ars, B. 2005. History of Belgian otorhinolaryngology 1880– 1920. J Laryngol Otol. 119(S30):10–15. 3579. Cleemput, I. and Van Wilder, P. 2009. History of health technology assessment in Belgium. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 25(S1):82–87. 3580. De Regge, M., et al. 2019. The introduction of hospital networks in Belgium: The path from policy statements to the 2019 legislation. Health Policy. 123(7):601–605. 3581. Gerkens, S. and Merkur, S. 2010. Belgium: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 12(5). 3582. Grégoir, W. 1992. The history of urology in Brussels. Acta Urol Belg. 60(4):29–34. 3583. Guislain, A. 1958. History of pharmacy in Belgium. J Pharm Belg. 13(1–2):65–78. [French]

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3584. Mertens, M. and Lachenal, G. 2012. The history of “Belgian” tropical medicine from a cross-border perspective. Revue belge de Philologie et d’Histoire. 90(4):1249–1271. 3585. Piérard, J. 1979. The history of dermatology in Belgium. Br J Dermatol. 100(4):459–470. 3586. Schepers, R. 1993. The Belgian medical profession, the order of physicians and the sickness funds, 1900–1940. Sociol Health Illn. 15(3):375–392. 3587. Suy, R. 2010. A history of cardiac surgery in Belgium. Acta Chir Belg. 110(1):120–133. 3588. Van Gehuchen, P. 1970. History of Belgian neurology. Acta Neurol Belg. 70(6):595–614.

Belize 3589. Blanchard, D.S. and Bean, A. 2001. Healing practices of the people of Belize. Holist Nurs Pract. 15(2):70–78. 3590. Chanecka, E.J. 1998. Traditional medicine in Belize. The original primary health care. Nurs Health Care Perspect. 19(4):178–185. 3591. Herrmann, E.K. 1980. Health care services in 19th century British Honduras. Soc Sci Med. 14(4):353–356. 3592. Mason-Brown, N.L. 1977. Health in Belize: An emerging country. Trop Doct. 7(1):25–27. 3593. Walsh, R. 2003. Traditional therapies of Belize. Br J Nurs. 12(S6):S45.

Benin 3594. Adeya, G., et al. 2007. Rapid Assessment of the Health System in Benin. A Report Prepared for USAID. Washington, D.C. 3595. Blais, N. 1973. A nurse in Dahomey. Infirm Can. 15(3):18–20. [French] 3596. Maccaro, A. 2018. Beninese therapeutic pluralism: Historical roots and bioethical issues. JTAVR. 3(1). 3597. Soumonni, E. 2012. Disease, religion and medicine: Smallpox in 19th century Benin. História, Ciências, Saúde. 19(S):35–45.

Bolivia

Bhutan 3598. Adhikari, D. 2016. Happiness and healthcare in the kingdom of Bhutan. Singapore Med J. 57(3):107–109. 3599. Berkeley, J.S. 1969. Medical practice in Bhutan. Practitioner. 203(218):791–797. 3600. Dorji, T. and Melgaard, B. 2018. Medical History of Bhutan: Chronicle of Health and Disease from Bon Time to Today. Thimphu, Bhutan: Centre for Research Initiatives Changangkha. 3601. McKay, A. and Wangchuk, D. 2005. Traditional medicine in Bhutan. Asian Med. 1:204–218. 3602. Taee, J. 2017. The Patient Multiple: An Ethnography of Healthcare and Decision-Making in Bhutan. New York: Berghahn Books. 3603. Tobgay, T., et al. 2011. Progress and delivery of health care in Bhutan, the land of the Thunder Dragon and gross national happiness. Trop Med Int Health. 16(6):731–736. 3604. Ward, M. and Jackson, F. 1965. Medicine in Bhutan. Lancet. 1(7389):811–813.

Bolivia 3605. Balcázar, J.M. 1956. Historia de la medicina en Bolivia. La Paz: Ediciones Juventud. [Spanish] 3606. Dabdoub, C.F. and Dabdoub, C.B. 2013. The history of neurosurgery in Bolivia and pediatric neurosurgery in Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Surg Neurol Int. 4:123. 3607. Myers, W.R. and Gordon, A.L. 1971. Internal medicine in Bolivia. Arizona Medicine. 28(4):266–269. 3608. Tichauer, R.W. 1952. Medical practice in Bolivia: Period of cultural transition. J Am Med Women’s Assoc. 7(10):378–379. 3609. Tichauer, R.W. 1954. Medical practice in Bolivia: Problems of cultural transition. J Am Med Women’s Assoc. 9(1):16–20. 3610. Zulawski, A. 2010. Unequal Cures: Public Health and Political Change In Bolivia, 1900–1950. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

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Borneo (Shared by Malaysian States of Sabah and Sarawak, Indonesian Kalimantan, and Brunei) 3611. Baer, A. 2009. Borneo Biomedical Bibliography, 3rd edition. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University, Department of Zoology. 3612. Wolf, S. and Wolf, T.D. 1978. A preliminary study in medical anthropology in Brunei, Borneo. Pavlov J Biol Sci. 13:42–54.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

3613. Cain, J., et al. 2002. Health care systems in transition: Bosnia and Herzegovina. Copenhagen. Health Syst Transit. 4(7). 3614. Jankijević, S. 1975. Review of the historical development of health care services in Bosnia and Hercegovina. Med Arh. 29(5):353–361. [Serbian] 3615. Masic, I. (Ed.) 2011. History of Medicine in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sarajevo: Avicenna d.o.o. 3616. Masic, I. 2014. A short history of medical informatics in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Acta Inform Med. 22(1):60–67. 3617. Oruc, L., et al. 2004. Some historical remarks and current state of mental health services in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Psychiatr Danub. 16(1–2):89–96. 3618. Šimunović, V.J. 2007. Health care in Bosnia and Herzegovina before, during, and after 1992–1995 war: A personal testimony. Confl Health. 1:7.

Botswana

3619. Bochow, A. 2015. A future beyond HIV/AIDS? Health as a political commodity in Botswana. Africa Spectrum. 50(1):25– 47. 3620. Caruso, N., et al. 2011. Development of emergency medicine in Botswana. Afr J Emerg Med. 1:108–112. 3621. Haron, M. and Jensen, K.E. 2008. Religion, identity and public health in Botswana. African Identities. 6(2):183–198. 3622. Mgadla, P.T. 2014. A historical survey of a failed medical venture? The attempts of the London Missionary Society

Brazil

(LMS) to establish a mission hospital in Sefhare 1934–1952. Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae. 40(S1):129–152. 3623. Molefi, R.K.K. 1996. A Medical History Of Botswana 1885– 1966. Gaborone: Botswana Medical Aid Society. 3624. Mushingeh, C.S. 1984. A History of Disease and Medicine in Botswana 1820–1945. University of Cambridge Press.

Brazil

3625. Bacillar, R.C. Brazil’s Contribution to Tropical Medicine and malaria. Personalities and Institutions (Translated by Anita Farquhar). Rio De Janeiro: Grafica Olimpica Editora. 3626. Brenes, A.C. 1991. History of obstetrics in nineteenth-century Brazil. Cad Saude Publica. 7(2):135–149. [Portuguese] 3627. de Castro-Santos, L.A. 2005. Public health policy and the building up of a Brazilian medical identify. Parasitologia. 47(3–4):387–395. 3628. Esperidião, E. and Pereira, M.A. 2000. History of psychiatric care. Rev Bras Enferm. 53(4):599–606. [Portuguese] 3629. Gomez, C.M., et al. A brief history of worker’s health in Brazil’s unified health system: Progress and challenges. Cien Saude Colet. 23(6):1963–1970. 3630. Kropf, S.P., et al. 2003. Biomedical research and public health in Brazil: The case of Chagas’ disease 1909–1950. Soc Hist Med. 16(1):111–129. 3631. Lima, N.T. 2007. Public health and social ideas in modern Brazil. Am J Public Health. 97(7):1168–1177. 3632. Londero, A.T., et al. 1962. A critical review of medical mycology in Brazil 1946–1960. Mycopathol Mycol Appl. 18:293–316. 3633. Riberio, L. 1939. Brazilian Medical Contributions. Rio de Janerio: Livraria José Olympio. 3634. Saliba, N.A., et al. 2009. Dentistry in Brazil: Its history and current trends. J Dent Edu. 73(2):225–231. 3635. Souza, L.V. 2018. Sources for the history of gynecology and obstetrics in Brazil. Historia, Ciencias, Saude—Manguinhos. 25(4):1129–1146. 3636. Teixeria, C. 1992. Adib Jatene: An immense legacy to Brazilian medicine. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 60(5):502.

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Brunei Darussalam 3637. Sabri, R. and Kudelbbai, A.K. 2008. Psychiatry in Darussalam. Int Psychiatry. 5(2):34–36. 3638. Tan, J., et al. 2015. A history of renal services in Darussalam. Brunei Int Med J. 11(1):8–13. 3639. Tant, E.M. 2014. Equity in access to healthcare in Darussalam: Results from the Brunei Darussalam system survey. M.S. Thesis, Duke University, Global Institute.

Brunei

Brunei

Brunei health Health

Bulgaria

3640. Anchev, V. and Popov, M. 1963. On the history of RussianBulgarian cooperation in the field of medicine and public health. Sov Zdravookhr. 22:80–85. [Russian] 3641. Dimova, A., et al. 2018. Bulgaria: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 20(4). 3642. Koychev, G. 2003. History of Bulgarian psychiatry. Psychiatr Danub. 15(1–2):61–63. 3643. Matousek, M. 1958. How is the history of medicine fostered in Bulgaria. Cas Lek Cesk. 97(39):1243–1245. [Czech] 3644. Petkov, V. 1986. Bulgarian traditional medicine: A source of ideas for phytopharmacological investigations. J Ethnopharmacol. 15:121–132. 3645. Popov, M. 1979. New materials on the history of veterinary medicine in Bulgaria. Vet Med Nauki. 16(2):93–97. [Bulgarian] 3646. Stoimenov, G. 1980. History of Bulgarian obstetrics and gynecology. Akusherstvo i Ginekologiia. 19(5–6):395–401. [Bulgarian] 3647. Undigan, S. and Karkeselian, A. 2002. To the history of Bulgarian neurosurgery. Asklepii. 15:66–71. [Bulgarian] 3648. Vasilev, V. 1985. Bulgarian handwritten medical books and their importance for the history of medicine. Scripta Scientifica Medica. 22:142–144.

Cabo Verde

Burkina Faso 3649. Niakara, A., et al. 1998. Burkina Faso: A multitude of public health emergencies. Med Trop (Mars). 58(3):235–239. 3650. Samuleson, H. 2004. Therapeutic itineraries: The medical field in rural Burkina Faso. Anthropol Med. 11(1):27–41.

Burundi

3651. Bundervoet, T., et al. 2009. Health and civil war in rural Burundi. Journal of Human Resources. 44(2):536–563. 3652. Chadney, S. 2006. Burundi: Childbirth in a developing country. RCM Midwives. 9(5):196–198. 3653. Falisse, J-B., et al. 2018. Indigenous medicine and biomedical health care in fragile settings: Insights from Burundi. Health Policy Plan. 33:483–493. 3654. Kaidi, H. 1988. Burundi: A new beginning? The burden of the past. Jeune Africa. 9(S34):41–48. [French] 3655. Philips, M., et al. 2004. Burundi: A population deprived of basic health care. Br J Cen Pract. 54(505):634–635. 3656. Smyth, D. 2018. Politics and palliative care: Burundi. Int J Palliat Nurs. 24(6):310.

Cabo Verde 3657. Da Monteiro, M.C. 1953. Organization of health services in Cape Verde. Ann Inst Med Trop (Lisb). 10(4 Part 1):2385– 2456. [Portuguese] 3658. Delgado, A.P., et al. 2017. The evolution of the medical workforce in Cape Verde since independence in 1975. Hum Resour Health. 15(1):5. 3659. Gonçalves, L., et al. 2015. Urban planning and health inequities: Looking in a small-scale in a city of Cape Verde. PLoS One. 10(11):e0142955. 3660. Patterson, K.D. 1988. Epidemics, famines, and population in the Cape Verde islands, 1580–1900. International Journal of African Historical Studies. 21(2):291–313.

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Geographic Perspectives

Cambodia 3661. Bendick, Ch. 2015. Dermatology in Cambodia: Sustainable establishment of a medical discipline. Hautarzt. 66(5):320– 325. [German] 3662. Grundy, J., et al. 2016. Turning points in political and health policy history: The case of Cambodia 1975–2014. Health Hist. 18(1):89–110. 3663. Heng, M.B. and Key, P.J. 1995. Cambodian health in transition. BMJ. 11(7002):435–437. 3664. Shimada, J., et al. 1995. Strong medicine: Cambodian views of medicine and medical compliance. J Gen Intern Med. 10(7):369–374. 3665. Singh, S., et al. 2017. Historical perspective of Cambodian medicine with a focus on neurology. Neurology. 88(S16):2.051. 3666. Trankell, I.B. and Ovesen, J. 2004. French colonial medicine in Cambodia: Reflections of governmentality. Anthropol Med. 11(1):91–105.

Cameroon 3667. Awah, P.K. and Phillimore, P. 2008. Diabetes, medicine and modernity in Cameroon. Africa. 78(4):475–495. 3668. Fokunang, C.N., et al. 2011. Traditional medicine: Past, present and future research and development prospects and integration in the national health system of Cameroon. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 8(3):284–295. 3669. Fongwa, M.N. 2002. International health care perspectives: The Cameroon example. J Transcult Nurs. 13(4):325–330. 3670. Maynard, K. 2004. Making Kedjom Medicine. A History of Public Health and Well-Being in Cameroon. Westport, CT: Praeger. 3671. Ndjepel, J., et al. 2014. Health promotion in Cameroon: Current situation and prospects. Sante Publique. 26(S1):S35– S38. [French] 3672. O’Riordan, J.L. 1962. Medicine in the Southern Cameroons. Lancet. 2(7253):447–449.

Canada

Canada 3673. Abbott, M.E. 1931. History of Medicine in the Province of Quebec. Montreal: McGill University. 3674. Acker, M.S. 1963. The Saskatchewan story: A review and prospect. I. Saskatchewan’s health services in perspective. Am J Public Health. 53(5):717–720. 3675. Andrews, G.J., et al. 2009. Gerontology in Canada: History, challenges, research. Ageing Int. 34(3):136. 3676. Badgley, R.F. and Hetherington, R.W. 1961. Medical sociology: A selected Canadian bibliography. CMAJ. 85(2):88. 3677. Bernier, J. 2003. Disease, Medicine and Society in Canada: A Historical Overview (Historical Booklet No. 63). Canadian Historical Association. 3678. Canniff, W. 1894. The Medical Profession in Upper Canada 1783–1850. Toronto: William Briggs. 3679. Carr, I. and Beamish, R. 1999. Manitoba Medicine: A Brief History. University of Manitoba Press. 3680. Craig, B.L. and Pope, F. 1998. Resources for the history of medicine in Canada. Watermark. 22(1):1–6. 3681. Godfrey, C.M. 1979. Medicine for Ontario: A History. Belleville: Mika Publishing Co. 3682. Grenier, G. and Fleury, M.J. 2002. Medicine and health in French Canada: A historiography (1987–2000). Scientia Canadensis. 26:29–58. [French] 3683. Hogan, D.B. 2007. History of geriatrics in Canada. Can Bull Med Hist. 24(1):131–150. 3684. Howell, W.B. 1933. Medicine in Canada. New York: Paul B. Hoeber Inc. 3685. Lampard, R. 2008. Alberta’s Medical History: Young and Lusty and Full of Life. Red Deer, Alberta: The Author. 3686. Laver, A.B. 1977. The historiography of psychology in Canada. J Hist Behav Sci. 13(3):243–251. 3687. Leeming, W. 2004. The early history of medical genetics in Canada. Soc Hist Med. 17(3):481–500. 3688. MacDermot, H.E. 1967. One Hundred Years of Medicine in Canada. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Ltd.

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3689. MacMillan, J.A. 1948. Notes on the history of ophthalmology in Canada. Am J Ophthalmol. 31(2):199–206. 3690. Marcellus, L. 2018. Bibliometric and textual analysis of historical patterns in maternal–infant health and nursing issues in The Canadian Nurse Journal, 1905–2015. Can J Nurs Res. 51(2):53–62. 3691. Marchildon, G.P. 2013. Canada: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 15(1). 3692. Marchildon, G.P. and Torgerson, R. 2013. Nunavut: A Health System Profile. McGill-Queen’s University Press. 3693. Marks, G.S. 1994. The history of pharmacology in Canada. Trend Pharmacol Sci. 15(7):205–210. 3694. Matsuki, A. and Zsigmond, E.K. A bibliography of the history of surgical anaesthesia in Canada (Supplement to Dr. Roland’s checklist). Can Anaesth Soc J. 21(4):427–430. 3695. McPherson, K. 1996. Nurses, archives, and the history of Canadian health care. Archivaria. 41:108–120. 3696. Mitchell, C.A. 1938. Early history of veterinary science in Canada. Can J Comparative Med. 2(4):91. 3697. Monro, A.S. 1931. The medical history of British Columbia. CMAJ. 25(3):336–342. 3698. Price, M.J. 1977. The professionalization of medicine in Ontario during the nineteenth century. M.A. Thesis, McMaster University. 3699. Robertson, A. 1998. Shifting discourses on health in Canada: From health promotion to population health. Health Promot Int. 13(2):155–166. 3700. Roland, C.G. 1968. Bibliography of the history of anaesthesia in Canada: Preliminary checklist. Can Anaesth Soc J. 15(2):202. 3701. Roland, C.G. 1979. An Annotated Bibliography of Canadian Medical Periodicals, 1826–1975. Toronto: Hannah Institute for the History of Medicine. 3702. Rompkey, R. (Ed.) 2003. The Labrador Memoir of Dr. Harry Paddon, 1912–1938. McGill Queen’s University Press. 3703. Safai, P. 2007. A critical analysis of the development of sport medicine in Canada, 1955–80. Int Rev Sociol Sport. 42(3):321–341.

Caribbean Region

3704. Scammell, H.L. 1966. A brief history of medicine in Nova Scotia. Part 3. Dalhousie Med J. 19(4):91–95. 3705. Shephard, D.A.E. 1998. A light on medical practice in 19thcentury Canada: The medical manuscripts of Dr. John Mackieson of Charlottetown. CMAJ. 159:253–257. 3706. Sigerist, H.E. 1940. Medical history in the medical schools of Canada. Bull Hist Med. 8(2):303–308. 3707. Swan, R. 1968. The history of medicine in Canada. Med Hist. 12(1):42–51. 3708. Twohig, P.L. 2002. Recent writing on health care history in Canada. Scientia Canadensis. 26:7–28. 3709. Walton, D.N. 1982. Philosophy of medicine in Canada. Theor Med Bioeth. 3(2):263–277. 3710. Warsh, C.K. 1997. The historiography of Canadian health care: An update. Acadiensis. 26(2):137–143.

Caribbean Region

3711. Alleyne, G., et al. 1995. Publications from the Caribbean in the health sciences. Bull Pan American Health Organization. 29(2):103–115. 3712. Britânico, C. 2006. The demon that turned into worms: The translation of public health in the British Caribbean, 1914– 1920. História, Ciências, Saúde–Manguinhos. 13(3):571–589. [Portuguese] 3713. De Barros, J., et al. (Eds.). 2009. Health and Medicine in the Circum-Caribbean, 1800–1968. Abingdon: Routledge. 3714. Grant, L.S. 1956. Modern trends in preventive medicine in the Caribbean: A review. West Indian Med J. 5(1):44–58. 3715. Mischel, F. 1959. Faith healing and medical practice in the Southern Caribbean. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology. 15:407–417. 3716. Walt, G., et al. 2002. The historical development of human resources policies in the health sector of four Caribbean territories: Imitated or created? Health Policy. 62(1):85–101.

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Central African Republic 3717. Bedaya-N’Garo, S., et al. 1983. Surgery in the Central African Republic. Chirurgie. 109(3):252–259. [French] 3718. Chinyanga, H.M. 1999. The history of the Central African Journal of Medicine 1953 to 1999. Cent Afr J Med. 45(8):227– 229. 3719. David, P.M., et al. 2020. Hotspot or blind spot? Historical perspectives on surveillance and response to epidemics in the Central African Republic. Int J Public Health. 65(3):241– 248.

Central and Latin America

3720. Alavro, M. 1947. History of ophthalmology in Latin America. Arch Ophthalmol. 38(3):408. 3721. Armus, D. (Ed.). 2003. Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS. Duke University Press. 3722. Birn, A.E. and López, R.N. 2011. Footprints on the future: Looking forward to the history of health and medicine in Latin America in the 21st century. Hispanic American Historical Review. 91(3):503–527. 3723. Birn, A.E. and Nervi, L. 2015. Political roots of the struggle for health justice in Latin America. Lancet. 385(9974):1174– 1175. 3724. Bowers, J.Z. Purcell, E.F. (Eds.). 1979. Aspects of the History of Medicine in Latin America. New York: Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation. 3725. Canelon, J.S. 1982. Toward a social history of Latin American dentistry. Acta Odontol Venez. 20(1):55–63. [Spanish] 3726. Cruz-Coke, R. 1999. The history of genetics in Latin American countries during the twentieth century. Rev Med Chil. 127(12):1524–1532. [Spanish] 3727. Cueto, M. and Palmer, S. 2015. Medicine and Public Health in Latin America: A History. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Chad

3728. Entralgo, P.L. 1996. From Galen to magnetic resonance: History of medicine in Latin America. J Med Phil. 21(6):571– 591. 3729. Espinosa, M. 2013. Globalizing the history of disease, medicine, and public health in Latin America. Isis. 104(4):798–806. 3730. Foster, G.M. 1987. On the origin of humoral medicine in Latin America. Med Anthro Q. 1(4):355–393. 3731. Galván, L.C., et al. 2018. Analysis of ophthalmological and vision-related publications in Latin America. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 81(1):24–29. 3732. Garfield, R.M. and Rodriquez, P.F. 1985. Health and health services in Central America. JAMA. 254(7):936–943. 3733. Pan American Health Organization. 2004. Selected Annotated Bibliography on Primary Health Care in the Americas. 3734. Riella, M.C. and Locatelli, A.J. 2007. History of peritoneal dialysis in Latin America. Perit Dial Int. 27(3):322–327. 3735. Risse, G.B. 1980. Medical history in Latin America. Clio Med. 15:233–245. 3736. Ruiz, P. 2005. Psychiatry in Latin America: A historical perspective. Psiquiatriki. 16(7):113–119. 3737. Sosa, J.J.S. and Valderrama-Iturbe, P. 2001. Psychology in Latin America: Historical reflections and perspectives. Int J Psychol. 36(6):384–394. 3738. Tajer, D. 2003. Latin American social medicine: Roots, development during the 1990s, and current challenges. Am J Public Health. 93(12):2023–2027. 3739. Waitzkin, H., et al. 2001. Social medicine in Latin America: Productivity and dangers facing the major national groups. Lancet. 58(9278):315–323.

Chad 3740. Malval, J. 1963. The 1st doctors of Chad. Concours Med. 85:601–606. [French] 3741. Malval, J. 1963. The 1st doctors of Chad. Concours Med. 85:767–775. [French]

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3742. Massenet, D. 1996. History of the public health policy in Chad 1900–1995. Med Trop (Mars). 56(4):404–409. [French] 3743. Shabel’nik, V.I. 1977. Public health in the Republic of Chad. Sov Zdravookhr. 3:58–61. [Russian]

Chile

3744. APHA Task Force on Chile. 1977. History of the health care system in Chile. Am J Public Health. 67(1):31–36. 3745. Azevedo, A.C. 1998. The provision of health services in Chile: Historical aspects, dilemmas and perspectives. Rev Saude Publica. 32(2):192–199. [Spanish] 3746. Colin Montandón, J. 1965. History of dentistry in Chile. Rev Dent Chile. 55(5):370–387. 3747. Cruz, H. 1976. History of gynecology in Chile. Rev Chil Obstet Ginecol. 41(1):14–24. 3748. Cruz-Coke, R. 1995. Historia de la medicine Chilena. Santiago: Andrés Bello. 3749. France, O, and Palma, J. 1963. History of rheumatology in Chile. Arch Interam Rheumatol. 6:155–162. 3750. Larraín Aguirre, C. 1997. History of Rev Médica de Chile from its creation in 1872 until 1997. Rev Med Chil. 125(7):765– 774. [Spanish] 3751. Mallon, W.K., et al. 2017. The specialty of emergency medicine in Chile: 20 years of history. Rev Méd Clínica Las Condes. 28(2):163–169. 3752. Mayorga, L. 1976. History of obstetrics in Chile. Rev Chilena Obstet Ginecol. 41(1):1–13. [Spanish] 3753. Medina, E. 1983. History of Chilean medicine 1930–1982. Rev Med Chil. 111(4):368–379. 3754. Neghme, A. 1972. Las publicaciones médicas periódicas en Chile. Rev Med Chil. 100:805–808.

China

3755. Chan, L. 1939. A brief history of Chinese herbs and medicine. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 66(8):563–568.

China

3756. Donovan, J.P. 1918. Medical science in China: Its history, methods and progress. Dublin J Med Sci. 145(4):240–254. 3757. Ekmekci, P.E. 2018. Traditional Chinese medicine from 3.000 years Ago: History, present and future. J Tradit Comp Med. 1(3):132–140. [English Abstract/Hungarian] 3758. He, S.Y. 1990. The history of forensic medicine in the Republic of China, 1912–1949. Zhonghua yi shi za zhi. 20(3):129. [Chinese] 3759. Hinrichs, T.J. 1998. New geographies of Chinese medicine. Osiris. 13(1):287–325. 3760. Ho, P.Y. and Lisowski, F.P. 1997. A Brief History Of Chinese Medicine and Its Influence. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Company. 3761. Hua, P., et al. 1987. Forensic medicine in China: Its history to the present day. Med Sci Law. 27(1):2–12. 3762. Huang, C.S. 1982. Medical education in China: Historical background, present status, and further development. Am J Surg. 143(6):660–663. 3763. Jiang, C. and Gu, J. 2013. History and current state of pathology in China. Virchows Arch. 463(4):599–608. 3764. Li, C.L. 1974. A brief outline of Chinese medical history with particular reference to acupuncture. Perspect Biol Med. 18(1):132–143. 3765. Schiffeler, J.W. 1975. Bibliography of the history of Chinese folk medicine. Chinese Culture. 16:94–104. 3766. Sivin, N. 1989. A cornucopia of reference works for the history of Chinese medicine. Chinese Science. 9:29–52. 3767. Sivin, N. 1998. The history of Chinese medicine: Now and anon. Positions: Asia Critique. 6(3):731–761. 3768. Smith, D.R. and Tang, S. 2004. Nursing in China: Historical development, current issues and future challenges. Journal of Oita Nursing and Health Science. 5(2):16–20. 3769. Sorokina, T.S. 1987. The traditional medicine of China: Its history and contemporaneity. Fel’dsher i Akusherka. 52(11):44–51. [Russian] 3770. Unschuld, P.U. 1986. Medicine in China: A History of Pharmaceutics. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

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3771. Xiao, W. 1995. Modern history of gynecology in China. Zhonghua yi shi za zhi. 25(3):129–133. 3772. Zhenyi, X. and Mingyuan, Z. 1987. History and present status of psychiatry in China. Int J Mental Health. 16(3):22–29.

Colombia

3773. Arango Trujillo, B. 1966. Historical review of public health nursing in Colombia. Ann Allergy. 1(2):14–17. [Spanish] 3774. Bonilla Naar, A. 1950. History of tropical medicine, parasitology and hygiene in Colombia, 1526–1944. Med Cir (Bogota). 14(12):463–491. 3775. Giraldo-Giraldo, C.A. 2014. Legal Medicine in Colombia. Chronicle of a century and its history. Medicina. 28(2):325– 335. [English Abstract/Spanish] 3776. Matiz Camacho, H. 2016. The history of intensive care in Colombia. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. 44(3):190–192. 3777. Obregón, D. 2002. Building national medicine: Leprosy and power in Colombia, 1870–1910. Soc Hist Med. 15(1):89–108. 3778. Ocampo, B. and Peña, J.E. 2014. History of anaesthesia in Colombia: Periods of development. Br J Anaesth. 112(3):406– 409. 3779. Serpa Flórez, F. 1999. Bosquejo de la historia de la medicina Colombiana. Bogota: Fundación Universitaria Manuela Beltrán. 3780. Vinck, E.E. 2019. Cardiac surgery in Colombia: History, advances and current perceptions of training. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 19:32088.

Comoros 3781. Chakir, I., et al. 2017. Control of malaria in the Comoro Islands over the past century. Malaria Journal. 16:387. 3782. Ouledi, A., et al. 2012. Heath history and health challenges in the Union of Comoros in 2012. Med Sante Trop. 22(4):346– 354. [French]

Costa Rica

3783. Ramalanjaona, G. 2008. Emergency medicine in the Comoros Islands. Resuscitation. 77(1):18–20.

Congo

3784. Brown, R.C. 1979. Medicine in rural Zaire. Ann Intern Med. 90(2):271–272. 3785. Horner, M.C. 1946. Medical observations in the Belgian Congo. Women Med. 91:14. 3786. Janssens, P.G. 1981. The colonial legacy: Health and medicine in the Belgian Congo. Trop Doct. 11(3):132–140. 3787. Lyons, M. 2002. The Colonial Disease: A Social History of Sleeping Sickness in Northern Zaire, 1900–1940. Cambridge University Press. 3788. Mayer, L. 1951. The imposing work of medicine in the Belgian Congo. Biol Med (Paris). 40(3):200–204. 3789. Mudibany, L. 1980. The new emphasis on traditional medicine in Zaire: Implications for nursing practice. Int Nurs Rev. 27(6):184–186. 3790. Sugioka, Y. 1975. Medical care in the Republic of Zaire. Josanpu Zasshi. 29(4):224–225. [Japanese]

Costa Rica

3791. Howard, C.W. 1962. The medical profession in Costa Rica. Journal of the Kansas Medical Society. 63:409–416. 3792. Palmer, S. 2003. From Popular Medicine to Medical Populism: Doctors, Healers, and Public Power in Costa Rica, 1800–1940. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 3793. Pena Chavarria, A. 1951. Past, present and future of hospitals in Costa Rica. Rev Med Costa Rica. 10(201):1–17. [Spanish] 3794. Sáenz Mdel, R., et al. 2011. The health system of Costa Rica. Salud Publica Mex. 53(S2):156–167. [Spanish] 3795. Ulloa Gamboa, J.J. 1973. History of dentistry in Costa Rica: Our first dentists. Rev Odontol Costa Rica. 9:73–77. [Spanish] 3796. Unger, J-P., et al. 2008. Costa Rica: Achievements of a heterodox health policy. Am J Public Health. 98(4):636–643.

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3797. Vega Zúñiga, F., et al. 2019. Legal Medicine in Costa Rica. History, current affairs and future projection. Medicina Legal Costa Rica. 36(2):127–165. [English Abstract/Spanish]

Côte D’ivoire

3798. Diarra, J. and Louis, J.P. 1996. Ivory Coast modernizes its health system. Med Trop (Mars). 56(4):333–338. [French] 3799. Huard, P. 1965. Western medicine and African popular medicine in Ivory Coast. Concours Med. 87(18):3199–3203. [French] 3800. Lancine, T. 1977. History of dentistry in Ivory Coast. Rev SESDA. 16:20–24. [French] 3801. Serie, F. 1971. History of the campaign against major endemic diseases on the Ivory Coast. Ann Soc Belges Med Trop Parasitol Mycol. 51(4):433–442. [French]

Croatia

3802. Barac, B. 1993. On the development of Croatian neurology. Acta Med Croatica. 47(2):55–60. 3803. Brisky, L. and Biocina-Lukenda, D. 2011. From the history of Croatian dentistry: 100th anniversary of the birth of Professor Sime Kordić (1909–1984). Coll Antropol. 35(3):963–966. 3804. Dezelic, G., et al. 2014. Medical informatics in Croatia: A historical survey. Acta Informatica Medica. 22(1):49–59. 3805. Drazancić, A. 1999. History of gynecology and perinatology in Croatia: Midwifery clinics and hospitals in Zagreb. Lijecnicki Vjesnik. 121(3):100–108. 3806. Dürrigl, M.A. and Fatović-Ferencić, S. 1995. Selected writings on disease protection in Croatian Glagolitic manuscripts. Lijecnicki Vjesnik. 117(5–6):152–155. [HRV] 3807. Džakula, A., et al. 2014. Croatia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 16(3). 3808. Jusić, A. and Persoli-Gudelj, M. 2002. Croatia: Development of a hospice movement and palliative care. J Pain Symptom Manage. 24(2):180–182.

Cuba

3809. Kaic, Z. 2002. The development of dentistry in Croatia. Acta Stomatol Croat. 36(1):19–28. 3810. Kalauz, S., et al. 2008. Nursing in Croatia: Past, present and future. Croat Med J. 49(3):298–306. 3811. Kovač, Z. 2017. 95th Anniversary of pathophysiology in Croatia. Psychiatria Danubina. 29(S4):720–741. 3812. Ljubičić, M., et al. 1993. Preventive medicine in Croatia through time and space. Acta Medica Croatica. 47(3):107– 111. 3813. Marušiæ, A., et al. 2002. Ten years of the Croatian Medical Journal. Croat Med J. 43:1–7. 3814. Missoni, S. 2006. Nutritional studies in Croatia: A century of research. Coll Antropol. 30(3):673–696. 3815. Muzur, A. 2010. Milestones in the history of Croatian dermatology and venereology: An outsider’s insight. Acta Dermatovenerol Croatica. 18(4):229–233.

Cuba 3816. Beato, J.J. 1977. Historical review of Cuban pediatrics. J Fla Med Assoc. 64(8):573–579. 3817. Bolivar, J.C. 1977. Brief history of surgery in Cuba. J Fla Med Assoc. 64(8):567–570. 3818. Castellanos, A.W. 1977. Resume of the history of Cuban medical research. J Fla Med Assoc. 64(8):558–561. 3819. Farinas, P. 1958. Short history of dermatology in Cuba. Arch Hosp Univ. 10(1):23–31. [Spanish] 3820. González Jiménez, E. 1974. History of orthodontics in Cuba. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 11(1):75–78. 3821. Iglesias, M.A. 1996. Three pioneers of Cuban medicine in the XIX century. Scalpel Tongs. 40(55):60–66. 3822. LeR, J. 1921. The history of public health in Cuba during the past fifty years. Am J Public Health. 11(12):1048–1052. 3823. Mena, C.A. 1989. A history of dentistry in Cuba. Bull Hist Dent. 37(1):25–30. 3824. Perez, J.O. 1977. Brief recount of the history of obstetrics and gynecology in Cuba. J Fla Med Assoc. 64(8):580–582.

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3825. Roig de Leuchsenring, E. 1965. Médicos y medicina en Cuba. Historia, Biografia, Costumbrismo. Havana: Academia de Ciencia de Cuba. [Spanish] 3826. Sanchez Toledo, P. 1952. A short historical sketch of orthopaedic surgery in Cuba. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 24A(3):553. 3827. Unknown Author. 1953. History of Cuban pediatrics. Arch Med Infant. 22(4):201–209.

Cyprus 3828. Fawdry, A.L. 1946. Medicine in Cyprus. London Hospital Gazette. 49(6):210–212. 3829. Loukaides, T.C. 1953. Medicine in ancient Cyprus. Cyprus Med J. 6(3–4):955–984. 3830. Shelley, H.M. 1952. Some advances in medicine and medical thought. Cyprus Med J. 5(11–12):891–894. 3831. Shelley, I.E. 1947. Ophthalmia in Cyprus: Two historical notes. Acta Med Orient. 6(1):20. 3832. Theodorou, M., et al. 2012. Cyprus: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 14(6).

Czech Republic (Including Historical Regions Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia) 3833. Alexa, J., et al. 2015. Czech republic: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 17(1). 3834. Baudis, R. and Raboch, J. 2003. Key moments in the history of Czech psychiatry. Psychiatr Danub. 15(1–2):49–55. 3835. Biniszkiewicz, W., et al. 1965. Activity of the midwives in Silesia from XVII to the XIX century. Arch Hist Med (Warsz). 28(4):381–386. [Polish] 3836. Brozek, K.Z. 1974. History of the professional group of physicians in Upper Silesia (1900–1950). Arch Hist Med (Warsz). 37(4):425–437. [Polish] 3837. Býma, S. 2004. Medical schools and general practice medicine in the Czech Republic. Cas Lek Cesk. 143(4):266–269. [Czech]

Czech Republic (Including Historical Regions Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia)

3838. Cikrt, M., et al. 1997. Occupational and environmental medicine in Czech Republic. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 69(2):79–82. 3839. Danĕk, K. 1984. 100 years of medical districts in Moravia. The history of Czechoslovakian priorities in health care. Cas Lek Cesk. 123(5):133–136. [Czech] 3840. Hirt, M.S., et al. 2013. A concise history of forensic medicine in the Czech republic. Acta Med Hist Adriat. 11(2):349–358. 3841. Höschl, C., et al. 2012. The state of psychiatry in Czech Republic. Int Rev Psychiatry. 24(4):278–285. 3842. Hoskovcová, S., et al. 2010. Historiography of Czech psychology. Hist Psychol. 13(3):309–334. 3843. Kavan, P., et al. 1997. History of pediatric hematology oncology in the Czech Republic. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 14(4):307–313. 3844. Kluska, V. 1974. Important anniversaries of pediatrics in Brno and Moravia (1923–1973)]. Cesk Pediatr. 29(1):1–5. [Czech] 3845. Kvapilik, J. 1961. The importance of Dr. Cenek Navrat for Moravian psychiatry. Cesk Psychiatr. 57:402–404. [Czech] 3846. Kvíz, D. 1980. History of Moravian gynecology. Cesk Gynekologie. 45(2):142–152. [Czech] 3847. Remes, M.Z 1956. History of ophthalmology in Moravy and Silesia. Cesk Oftalmol. 12(2):88–99. [Czech] 3848. Rubeska, V. 1968. Contributions to the history of obstetrics in Bohemia. Cesk Gynekol. 33(4):318–323. [Czech] 3849. Slavĕtinský, M. 1979. A page from the history of health care in northern Moravia. Vnitr Lek. 25(12):1219–1221. [Czech] 3850. Slavĕtínský, M. 1980. A remembrance of a pioneer in the nationalization of health services in Moravia at the end of the last century. Cesk Zdrav. 28(5):219–220. [Czech] 3851. Spacilova, L., et al. 2007. Health care system in Czech Republic. Ann Ig. 19(6):573–581. 3852. Strouhal, E. and Klír, P.1994. 150 years since the birth of Josef Reinsberg, the founder of Czech forensic medicine. Sb Lek. 95(3):261–264. [Czech] 3853. Sváb, J. 2002. History of surgery in the Czech Republic and evolution of Czech surgery clinics. Sbornik lekarsky. 103(2):159–165. [Czech]

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3854. Sváb, J. 2002. The age of formation of Czech clinical medicine. Cas Lek Cesk. 141(23):742–744. 3855. Vinar, J. 1950. History of ophthalmology in Czechoslovakia. Cesk Oftalmol. 6(6):354–360. [Czech]

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea)

3856. Heo, Y.J. and Cho, Y.S. 2014. Formation of medical education in North Korea, 1945–1948. Uisahak. [Korean] 3857. Hertwig, F. 1963. Current medical problems in North Korea. Med Klin. 58:1081–1085. [German] 3858. Park, H.W., et al. 1995. Medical books published in North Korea. Uisahak. 7(1):63–76. [Korean] 3859. Park, S.C., et al. 2019. Psychiatric research in North Korea in the 21st century. Am J Psychiatry. 176(2):96–97.

Democratic Republic of Congo

3860. Kalisya, L.M., et al. 2015. The state of emergency care in Democratic Republic of Congo (Commentary). Afr J Emerg Med. 5(4):153–158. 3861. Mock, N., et al. 2006. Public Health Training in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Case Study of the Kinshasa School of Public Health. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. 3862. Sasidharan, S. and Dhillon, H.S. 2021. A snapshot of poverty, diseases and war: The Democratic Republic of the Congo. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness. DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2021.227. 3863. Wembonyama, S., et al. 2007. Medicine and health in the Democratic Republic of Congo: From independence to the third republic. Med Trop (Mars). 67(5):447–457. [French]

Denmark

3864. Aaen-Larsen, B. 2004. Health care in the circumpolar world: Greenland. Circumpolar Health. 63:49–53.

Dominica

3865. Gotfredsen, E. 1951. The study of the history of medicine in Denmark: A short survey. Bull Hist Med. 25(4):388–394. 3866. Grodum, T. 1998. Index to volumes 1–25 of the Danish history of medicine annual. Dan Medicinhist Arbog. 1998:105–137. [Danish] 3867. Kruse, E., et al. 2003. Danish bibliographies of the history of pharmacy. Theriaca. 33:1–160. [Danish] 3868. Møller-Christensen, V. 1972. The history of medicine in Denmark. Dan Medicinhist Arbog. 1972:7–40. [Danish] 3869. Ohry, A. and Donchin, Y. the contribution of Denmark to the history of medicine and science. Harefuah. 136(2):170–174. [Hebrew] 3870. Olejaz, M., et al. 2012. Denmark: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 14(2). 3871. Stallknecht, K. and Petersen, E. 1993. History: Nursing in Greenland. Sygeplejersken. 93(41):30. [Danish] 3872. Vallgårda, S. 1995. The history of medicine in Denmark. Soc Hist Med. 8(1):117–123.

Djibouti 3873. Hatem, M.M. 1996. Health development in Djibouti. World Health Forum. 17(4):390–391. 3874. Hatem, M.M. 2000. Health for all in the republic of Djibouti. East Mediterr Health J. 6(4):813–815.

Dominica 3875. Dorival, B. 1968. The role of the nurse in the past--flash back, --Dominica. Jamaican Nurse. 8(2):11. 3876. Kolkman, P.M., et al. 1998. District nursing in Dominica. Int J Nurs Stud. 35(5):259–264. 3877. Macinko, J., et al. 2015. Primary care performance in Dominica. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 37(2):104–112. 3878. Unknown Author. 1993. Health services system in Dominica. Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 27(1):86–90.

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Dominican Republic 3879. Báez, A.A. 2001. A history of EMS in the Dominican Republic. Emerg Med Serv. 30(6):76. 3880. Estrada-Veras, J.I., et al. 2016. Medical genetics and genomic medicine in the Dominican Republic: Challenges and opportunities. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 4(3):243–256. 3881. Kump, W.L. 1970. Historical hospitals. First hospital in the New World. Hospital of San Nicolas de Bari, Santo Domingo. Minnesota Medicine. 53(9):980. 3882. Rathe, M. and Moliné, A. 2011. The health system of Dominican Republic. Salud Publica Mex. 2(S53):s255–s264. [Spanish] 3883. Ravin, J.G. 1990. Third world medicine: Dominican Republic. Ohio Medicine. 86(8):573–576. 3884. Schumacher, G. 2010. Culture care meanings, beliefs, and practices in rural Dominican Republic. J Transcult Nurs. 21(2):93–103.

Ecuador 3885. Estrella Aguirre, E. 1992. La medicina en el Ecuador prehispánico. Quito, Peru: Abya-Yala. [Spanish] 3886. Madero Moreira, M. 1959. Historical compendium of medicine in Ecuador. Dia Med. 31:2153–2154. [Spanish] 3887. Ortega, F. 1988. Health systems and traditional medicine in Ecuador. Dev Sante. 78:25–27. [French] 3888. Paredes Borja, V. 1946. Early history of anesthesia in Ecuador. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 1(4):657–661. 3889. Paredes Borja, V. 1963. Historia de la Medicina en el Ecuador, 2 Vols. Quito, Peru: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana. [Spanish] 3890. Webb, H.R. and Sagarin, M.J. 2001. Emergency medicine in Ecuador. Am J Emerg Med. 19(5):425–428. 3891. Wilson, C.L. 1993. Establishing the first family medicine program in Ecuador. Fam Med. 25(5):343–345.

El Salvador

Egypt 3892. Ahmed, Z.F. 1952. The history of pharmacy in Egypt. Purdue Pharmacy. 25(1):3. 3893. Bitschai, J. 1952. The history of urology in Egypt. Am J Surg. 83(2):215–224. 3894. Buchheim, l. 1963. 100 years of ancient Egyptian medical history. Sudhoffs Archiv. 47:174–176. 3895. el-Ansary, M.M. 1989. History of pain relief by ancient Egyptians. Middle East J Anaesthesiol. 10(2):99–105. 3896. Gran, P. 1979. Medical pluralism in Arab and Egyptian history: An overview of class structures and philosophies of the main phases. Soc Sci Med Anthropol. 13B(4):339–348. 3897. Hasan, I., et al. 2011. History of ancient Egyptian obstetrics and gynecology: A review. J Microbiol Biotechnol Res. 1(1):35– 39. 3898. Kandil, A. 1989. The pharmaceutical industry and legislation in Egypt: Historical perspectives and current practice. J Clin Pharm Ther. 14(2):83–85. 3899. MacCallan, A.F. 1927. The history of ophthalmology in Egypt. Br J Ophthalmol. 11(12):602–609. 3900. Morsy, S.A. 1993. Gender, Sickness, And Healing in Rural Egypt: Ethnography in Historical Context. Westview Press. 3901. Parkes, W.R. 1946. Medicine and the ancient Egyptians. Sphincter. 9(2):13–15. 3902. Withington, E.T. 1892. Medical history from the earliest Times: IV. Medicine in ancient Egypt. Hospital. 12(290):37. 3903. Withington, E.T. 1892. Medical history from the earliest times: V. Medicine in ancient Egypt. Hospital. 12(291):53–54.

El Salvador

3904. Acosta, M., et al. 2011. The health system of El Salvador]. Salud Publica Mex. 53(S2):188–196. [Spanish] 3905. Ferrer Denis, J. 1971. The medical profession in El Salvador. Educ Med Salud. 5(1):53–67. [Spanish]

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3906. Rutherford, M.S. and Roux, G.M. 2002. Health beliefs and practices in rural El Salvador: An ethnographic study. Journal of Cult Divers. 9(1):3–11. 3907. Tfuhrmann, G. 1954. Public health organization in El Salvador. Z Tropenmed Parasitol. 5(2):238–254. [German]

Equatorial Guinea

3908. Brown, R.C. 1980. Collapse of a medical system: The case of Equatorial Guinea. Ann Intern Med. 93(2):370–371. 3909. Brydan, D. 2017. Mikomeseng: Leprosy, legitimacy and Francoist repression in Spanish Guinea. Soc Hist Med. 31(3):627–647. 3910. Medina-Doménech, R. 2009. Scientific technologies of national identity as colonial legacies: Extracting the Spanish nation from Equatorial Guinea. Soc Stud Sci. 39(1):81–112. 3911. Reuter, K.E., et al. 2014. Healthcare in Equatorial Guinea, West Africa: Obstacles and barriers to care. Pan Afr Med J. 19:369.

Eritrea

3912. Bergström, T. 1979. Health care in Eritrea: An important part of the liberation movement. Lakartidningen. 76(7):513–515. 3913. Black, J. 1983. Letter from Eritrea. BMJ. 287:1952–1953. 3914. Black, J. 1992. Second letter from Eritrea. BMJ. 305:1480– 1481. 3915. Habtom, G.K. 2018. Perceptions and attitudes of modern and traditional medical practitioners about traditional medical practice in Eritrea. Int J Comp Alt Med. 11(1). 3916. O’Brien, H.R. 1953. Mapping a program of public health for Ethiopia and Eritrea. Public Health Rep. 68(10):977–984.

Estonia

3917. Allik, J. 2007. History of experimental psychology from an Estonian perspective. Psychol Res. 71(6):618–625.

Ethiopia

3918. Ernits, U., et al. 2019. Development of Estonian nursing profession and nurses´ training: Historical, political and social perspectives. Professional Studies. 5(20):9–27. 3919. Gustavson, Kh. 1968. The first medical periodical published in the Estonian language. Sov Zdravookhr. 27(6):56–57. [Russian] 3920. Habicht, T., et al. 2018. Estonia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 20(1):1–189. 3921. Jents, A., et al. 2005. Historical development of otorhinolaryngology in Estonia. J Laryngol Otol. 30:30–32. 3922. Lai, T., et al. 2013. Estonia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 15(6):1–196. 3923. Saava, A. 2000. History of public health research in Estonia. Eur J Pub Health. 10(3):164–167.

Eswatini 3924. Gish, O. 1979. Planning health services in Swaziland. Trop Doct. 9(4):200–208. 3925. King, M.S. 1973. Surgery in Swaziland. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 53(5):300–304. 3926. Smyth, D. 2019. Politics and palliative care: Eswatini. Int J Palliat Nurs. 25(3):154.

Ethiopia 3927. Ali, A. 2011. The history of nursing in Ethiopia. Nurs Hist Rev. 19:158–160. 3928. Barkhuus, A. 1947. Public health in Ethiopia. CIBA Symp. 9(7):698–709. 3929. Barkhuus, A. 1947. Native medicine in Ethiopia. CIBA Symp. 9(7):724–728. 3930. Bishaw, M. 1991. Promoting traditional medicine in Ethiopia: A brief historical review of government policy. Soc Sci Med. 33(2):193–200.

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3931. Deribe, K., et al. 2005. A historical overview of traditional medicine practices and policy in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development. 20(2):127–134. 3932. Fankhurst, R. 1966. Some factors influencing the health of traditional Ethiopia. Journal of Ethiopian Studies. 4:31–70. 3933. Mekasha, A. 2019. Brief history of medical education in Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J. 58(1). 3934. Pankhurst, R. 1973. The medical history of Ethiopia during the Italian fascist invasion and occupation. Ethiop Obs. 16(2):108–117. 3935. Pankhurst, R. 1991. An Introduction to the Medical History of Ethiopia. Trenton, NJ: Red Sea Press. 3936. Rosenfeld, C.P. 1978. The medical history of Menilek II, Emperor of Ethiopia (1844–1913): A case of medical diplomacy. Munger Africana Library Notes. No. 45/46. 3937. Strelcyn, S. 1972. Catalogue of Ethiopian manuscripts of the Wellcome Institute of the History of Medicine in London. Bull School of Oriental and African Studies, Univ of London. 35(1):27–55.

Europe: General 3938. Aker, F. and Cecil, J.C. 1983. The influence of disease upon European history. Mil Med. 148(5):441–446. 3939. Antall, J. 1981. Pictorial History of European Medicine and Pharmaceutics. Budapest: Corvina Kiadó. 3940. Babor, D.D. 1999. Annotated bibliography on reproductive and sexual health, law and ethics in central and eastern European (CEE) countries. Med Law. 18(2–3):471–482. 3941. Cassedy, J.H. 1969. History of medicine and related sciences in Europe. Notes on teaching and study. Bull Hist Med. 43:270– 283. 3942. de Costa C. 1995. A gynaecological view of European history. Medical Journal of Austria. 163(11–12):622–623. 3943. Elmer, P. (Ed.). 2004. The Healing Arts: Health, Disease and Society in Europe, 1500–1800. Manchester University Press.

Europe

3944. Ergen, E., et al. 2006. Sports medicine: A European perspective. Historical roots, definitions and scope (Editorial). J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 46(2):167–175. 3945. Goldberg, A. 1989. Towards European medicine: An historical perspective. The Fitzpatrick lecture 1988. J R Coll Physicians Lond. 23(4):277–286. 3946. Gordon, H. and Lindqvist, P. 2007. Forensic psychiatry in Europe. Psychiatr Bull. 31(11):421–424. 3947. Johnson, J. 2016. New directions in the history of medicine in European, colonial and transimperial contexts. Contemporary European History. 25(2):387–399. 3948. Kempf, E.J. 1905. European medicine: A résumé of medical progress during the eighteenth and nineteenth Centuries. Med Library History Journal. 3(4):231–248. 3949. Kölnei, L. 2009. Female doctors in the early history of European medicine. Lege Artis Med. 19(6–7):446–448. [Hungarian] 3950. Mackenbach, J.P. 1996. The history of public health in Europe (Guest Editorial). Eur J Public Health. 6(2):79–80. 3951. Mihalas, G.I. 2014. Evolution of trends in European medical informatics. Acta Inform Med. 22(1):37–43. 3952. Ober, W.B. 1992. Obstetrical events that shaped Western European history. Yale J Biol Med. 65(3):201–210. 3953. Podgórska-Klawe, Z. 2001. European medical history museums: Preserving our heritage. Med Nowozytna. 8(2):199–208. [Polish] 3954. Quaethoven, P. 1972. Health organization in the European economic community: An annotated bibliography. Int J Health Serv. 2(4):513–523. 3955. Thomasma, D.C. 1985. The philosophy of medicine in Europe: Challenges for the future. Theor Med. 6(1):115–123. 3956. Turda, M. 2008. Focus on social history of medicine in central and eastern Europe. Social Hist Med. 21:395–401. 3957. Waddington, K. 2011. An Introduction to the Social History of Medicine: Europe Since 1500. London: Palgrave Macmillan. 3958. White, T.T. 1954. European medicine today. Northwest Medicine. 53(4):356–362.

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Fiji 3959. Aumua, A., et al. 2009. Fiji’s health management reforms, 1999–2004: A case study. Pacific Health Dialogue. 15(2):13– 20. 3960. Foreman, J.M. 1964. Emergency surgery in Fiji. NZ Med J. 63:733–735. 3961. Jansen, A.A. 1969. Epidemiological history of the Fiji Islands. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 113(25):1116–1118. [Dutch] 3962. Llaurado, J.G. 1956. Medical training and practice in Fiji. World Med J. 3(4):238–240. 3963. Penington, A.H. 1984. The Fiji School of Medicine: A brief history. Hawaii Med J. 43(9):314–318. 3964. Unknown Author. 1934. Medical progress in Fiji. BMJ. 1(3820):536. 3965. Unknown Author. 2008. Primary health care: Fiji’s broken dream. Bull World Health Organ. 86(3):166–167.

Finland

3966. Bonsdorff, B.V. 1975. History of Medicine in Finland, 1828– 1918. Helsinki: Finnish Society of Sciences. 3967. Hyppölä, H. and Mattila, K. 2004. History and current situation of medical schools in Finland. Duodecim. 120(8):971–974. [Finnish] 3968. Ignatius, J. 1996. Short introduction to the history of medicine in Finland. Duodecim. 112(23):2227–2234. 3969. Keskimäki, I., et al. 2019. Finland: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 21(2). 3970. Lukana, A., et al. 2012. Historical theses on nursing and caring sciences in Finland: A literature review. Scand J Caring Sci. 27(4):774–784. 3971. Luukanen, N. 1982. Language, nationality, medicine. A paper on the history of the Finnish Medical Society “Duodecim”. Hist Sci Med. 17(Spec 1):215–218. 3972. Taipale, I. and Taipale, V. 1989. The image of war in Finland’s Medical Journals. Med War. 5(2):96–106.

France

3973. Tallberg, M. 1994. Nursing and Medical care in Finland from the Eighteenth to the late Nineteenth Century. The Background for the Introduction of Nurses’ Training in Finland in 1889 with some Comparisons with developments in Sweden. Nurs Hist Rev. 2:169–190. 3974. Teperi, J., et al. 2009. The Finnish Health Care System: A ValueBased Perspective (Sitra Reports No. 82). Helsinki. 3975. Vartiainen, A. 1972. History and highlights of Finnish pharmacology. Annu Rev Pharmacol. 12:451–466. 3976. Wegellus, R. 1992. History of pediatric hematology and oncology in Finland: A brief review. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 9(4):327–333.

France 3977. Ackerknecht, E.H. 1981. French medicine from 1790 to 1850. Bull Acad Natl Med. 165(2):225–228. [French] 3978. Arquiola, E. 1993. French medicine at the turn of the 18th to the 19th century: The search for its place among the sciences. Asclepio. 45(1):173–188. [Spanish] 3979. Barthe, R. 1955. History of industrial medicine in France from 1915 to 1940. Concours Med. 77(19):1967–1974. 3980. Chevalier, A.G. 1946. Physicians of the French revolution. CIBA Symp. 7:238–268. 3981. Chevreul, K., et al. 2015. France: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 17(3). 3982. Coleman, W. 1977. The people’s health: Medical themes in 18th century French popular literature. Bull Hist Med. 51(1):55–74. 3983. Courrier, R. 1972. The principal discoveries of French medicine during the past 50 years. Bull Acad Natl Med. 156(S):65–72. [French] 3984. Doria, C. 2017. The right to write the history: Disputes over the history of medicine in France–20th–21st Centuries. Transversal. 3:26–36. 3985. Faure, O. 1990. The social history of health in France: A survey of recent developments. Soc Hist Med. 3(3):437–451.

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3986. Frey, E.F. 1982. Early eighteenth-century French medicine: Setting the stage for revolution. Clio Med. 17(1):1–13. 3987. Garrison, F.H. 1933. The medical literature of France. Bull NY Acad Med. 9(5):267–293. 3988. Goubert, J.P. 1977. The extent of medical practice in France around 1780. J Soc Hist. 10(4):410–427. 3989. Hoffmann, T. 1958. Historic facts of French medicine. Med Monatsschr. 12(11): 3990. Hoffmann, T. 1959. Studies on the history of French medicine. Med Monatsschr. 13(1):36–41. 3991. Jones, C. and Brockliss, L. 1997. The Medical World of Early Modern France. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 3992. Letondal, P. 1950. French medicine today. Arch Fr Pediatr. 7(5):550–552. [French] 3993. Ponte, P.L. 1967. French medicine in the 16th and 17th centuries. Minerva Med. 58(21):352. [Italian] 3994. Ramsey, M. 2002. Professional and Popular Medicine In France 1770–1830: The Social World of Medical Practice. Cambridge University Press. 3995. Sournia, J.C. 1980. The history of medicine in France. Clio Med. 5(1–2):81–89. [French] 3996. Vess, D.M. 1975. Medical Revolution in France, 1789–1796. Gainesville: University of Florida Press. 3997. Wallach, D. 2003. One century of dermatology history in France. Hist Sci Med. 37(3):389–398. 3998. Weisz, G. 1978. The politics of medical professionalization in France 1845–1848. J Soc Hist. 12(1):3–30. 3999. Weisz, G. 1986. Constructing the medical élite in France: The Creation of the Ral Academy of Medicine 1814–20. Med Hist. 30(4):419–443. [French]

Gabon

4000. Makita-Ikouaya, E., et al. 2010. Role of traditional medicine in the health care system of the cities of sub-Saharan Africa: Libreville in Gabon. Sante Publique. 20(4):179–188. [French]

Georgia

4001. Ramharter, M., et al. 2007. History and perspectives of medical research at the Albert Schweitzer Hospital in Lambaréné, Gabon. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 119(S3):8–12. 4002. Sipple, D., et al. 2015. Clinical ethics in Gabon: The spectrum of clinical ethical issues based on findings from in-depth interviews at three public hospitals. PLoS One. 10(7):e0132374.

Gambia, Republic of the 4003. Chávez, J.A., et al. 2012. Organization and startup of The Gambia’s new community-based medical programme. MEDICC Rev. 14(1):49–52. 4004. Culp, K., et al. 2003. Occupational safety and health in the Gambia. AAOHN J. 51(2):84–88. 4005. Gambia Bureau of Statistics. 2014. The Gambia Demographic and Health Survey. A report prepared by ICF International, Rockville, MD. 4006. Peterson, A. 2008. Traditional medicine in the Gambia. University of Maryland McNair Scholars Undergraduate Research Journal. 1(1):202–207. 4007. Sundby, J. 2014. A rollercoaster of policy shifts: Global trends and reproductive health policy in the Gambia. Glob Public Health. 9(8):894–909. 4008. Wallis, A.B. and Sanyang, E. 2017. New era for health in the Gambia? (Correspondence). Lancet. 389(10084):2101– 2102.

Georgia

4009. Chanturidze, T., et al. 2009. Georgia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 11(8):1–116. 4010. Richardson, E. and Berdzuli, N. 2017. Georgia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 19(4). 4011. Schultheisz, E. and Tardy, L. 1970. Founding of the Society of History of Medicine of the Georgian SSR. Orv Hetil. 111(16):933–934. [Hungarian]

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4012. Shengelia, M.S. 1984. The Georgian treaty and the history of Russo-Georgian relations in the field of medicine. Sov Zdravookhr. (3):54–55. [Russian] 4013. Shengelia, R. 1999. Study of the history of medicine in Georgia. Croat Med J. 40(1):38–41.

Germany 4014. Berg, A. and König, D. 2002. History of sports medicine in Germany with special reference to the university of Freiburg. Eur J Sport Sci. 2(4):1–7. 4015. Berg, M. and Cocks, G. (Eds.). 1997. Public Health and Medical Care in 19th and 20th Century Germany. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4016. Braun, R.N. 2003. Research and education in general medicine: Historical overview and future prospects. Wien Med Wochenschr. 153(5–6):133–135. [German] 4017. Eghigian, G. 2002. Was there a communist psychiatry? Politics and East German psychiatric care, 1945–1989. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 10(6):364–368. 4018. Fritzlen, T.J. 1955. Johannes Müller, father of scientific German medicine. Journal of the Kansas Medical Society. 56(2):104– 112. 4019. Garrison, F.H. 1931. The romantic episode in the history of German medicine. Bull NY Acad Med. 7(11):841–864. 4020. Giniewski, A., et al. 2017. Immunology in Germany: 50th anniversary of the German Society for Immunology. Eur J Immunol. 47(12):2012–2016. 4021. Gockenjan, G. 1993. Medicine, old age, and public interest in historical perspective: The German case. Dynamis. 13:55–71. 4022. Grasshof, H. and Bethge, R. 2001. History of orthopedics in East Germany, 1949–1990. Orthopade. 30(10):724–31. 4023. Haberling, W. 1934. German Medicine (Translated by Jules Freund). New York: Paul B. Hoeber. 4024. Hardie, M. 1982. East German health care: Country wide care. Health Soc Serv J. 92(4781):124–126.

Ghana

4025. Jutte, R. 1999. The historiography of nonconventional medicine in Germany: A concise overview. Med Hist. 43:342– 358. 4026. Karenberg, A., et al. 2019. Historical review: A short history of German neurology: From its origins to the 1940s. Neurol Res Pract. 1(1):14. 4027. Lindemann, M. 1996. Health and Healing in 18th Century Germany. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 4028. Matousek, M. 1969. History of medicine in the German Democratic Republic. Cas Lek Cesk. 108(48):1460. [Czech] 4029. Ries, W., et al. 1977. The history of gerontology in the German Democratic Republic. Z Alternsforsch. 32(2):3–6. [German] 4030. Rohrbach, J.M. 2017. 1850 – 2017: Ophthalmology in the mirror of (German) history. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 234(10):1283–1293. [German] 4031. Rychlik, R. 1985. Development of East German public health. Offentl Gesundheitswes. 47(1):25–27. 4032. Sefrin, P. and Weidringer, J.W. 1991. History of emergency surgery in Germany. J Clin Anesth. 3(3):245–248. 4033. Tröhler, U. 1989. Graduate education in the history of medicine: Federal Republic of Germany. Bull Hist Med. 63(3):435–443. 4034. Warren, R. 1978. Reflections on the nineteenth century German medicine. Am J Surg. 135(3):461–468.

Ghana

4035. Addae, S. 1997. The History of Western Medicine in Ghana 1880–1960. Auckland: The Pentland Press. 4036. Adu-Gyamfi, S. and Brenya, E. 2016. Nursing in Ghana: A search for Florence Nightingale in an African city. International Scholarly Research Notices. Article ID: 9754845. 4037. Barnor, M.A. 1962. A history of medical societies in Ghana. Med J Aust. 49(1):781–782. 4038. Ewusi, K. 1978. Ghana: Bibliography on population and development. African Demographics Journal. (8):55–71.

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4039. Long, M.E. 1971. The practice of medicine in the bush country of Ghana. Calif Med. 115(1):102–104. 4040. Oppong, S. 2017. History of psychology in Ghana since 989AD. Theoretical Analyses. 10(1). DOI: 10.5964/psyct.v10i1.195. 4041. Osseo-Asare, A.D. 2016. Writing medical authority: The rise of literate healers in Ghana, 1930–70. Journal of African History. 57(1):69–91. 4042. Rea, J.N. 1962. Medicine in Ghana. Medical World. 96:62–69. 4043. Reindorf, C.E. 1954. Influence of fifty years of scientific medicine on beliefs and customs in the Gold Coast. West Afr J Med. 3(3):115–119. 4044. Scott, D. 1965. Epidemic Disease in Ghana, 1901–1960. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4045. Tettey, C. 1960. A brief history of the Medical Research Institute and laboratory service of the Gold Coast (Ghana) 1908–1957. West Afr J Med. 9:73–85. 4046. Twumasi, P.A. 1979. A social history of the Ghanaian pluralistic medical system. Soc Sci Med Med Anthropol. 13B(4):349–356. 4047. Van Beukering, J.A. 1952. Medical practice on the Gold Coast. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 96(48):3016–3018.

Greece 4048. Balalykin, D.A. and Shok, N.P. 2016. The apodictic method in the tradition of ancient Greek rational medicine: Hippocrates, Aristotle, Galen. History of Medicine. 3(4):377–391. 4049. Connor, J.T. 1986. An English-language bibliography of classical Greek medicine. Bull Can Hist Med. 3(2):225–246. 4050. Drabkin, M. 1942. A select bibliography of Greek and Roman medicine. Bull Hist Med. 11(4):399–408. 4051. Economou, C., et al. 2017. Greece: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 19(5). 4052. Edelstein, L. 1937. Greek medicine in its relation to religion and magic. Bull Inst Hist Med. 5(3):201–246. 4053. Geropeppa, M., et al. 2019. The first women physicians in the history of modern Greek medicine: Maria Kalapothaki

Grenada

(1859–1941) and Aggeliki Panagiotatou (1878–1954). Acta Med Hist Adriat. 17(1):55–64. 4054. Grube, G.M.A. 1954. Greek medicine and the Greek genius. Phoenix. 8(4):123–135. 4055. Jackson, D.F. 2012. Greek medicine in the fifteenth century. Early Sci Med. 17(4):378–390. 4056. Longrigg, J. 2013. Greek Medicine: From the Heroic to the Hellenistic Age: A Source Book. Routledge. 4057. Lyttkens, C.H. 2011. Health, economics and ancient Greek medicine. The Journal of Economic Asymmetries. 8(1):165– 192. 4058. Nutton, V. 1974. Greek medicine dissected. Hist Sci. 12(1):59– 69. 4059. Temkin, O. 1953. Greek medicine as science and craft. Isis. 44(3):213–225. 4060. Touwaide, A. 1991. Greek medical manuscripts: A bibliography. Newsletter of the Society of Ancient Medicine. 19:19–28. 4061. Tzortzatou-Stathopoulou, F. 1994. History of pediatric hematology and oncology in Greece. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 11(1):13–25. 4062. Withington, E.T. 1892. Medical history from the earliest times. VIII. The earliest Greek medicine-Homer-Æsculapius. Hospital (Lond). 12(294):101–102. 4063. Withington, E.T. 1892. Medical history from the earliest times. XV. Military medicine in ancient Greece. Hospital (Lond). 12(301):213. 4064. Withington, E.T. 1892. Medical history from the earliest times. XVI. The medical profession in ancient Greece. Hospital (Lond). 12(302):245–246.

Grenada 4065. Clyde, D.F. 1985. Health in Grenada: A Social and Historical Account. London: Vade-Mecum Press.

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4066. Kabuusu, R.M. and Lennon, D. 2014. Hemorrhagic Fever Epidemic in Grenada in the 18th Century: A medical and historical analysis. Advances in Anthropology. 4(3):119–123. 4067. Lopez Andujar, G., et al. 1996. Historical study of Galenic pharmacy in pharmaceutical licensing in Grenada. Rev Hist Pharm (Paris). 44(S312):258–263. [French] 4068. Mark, E.J. 1989. An American pathologist’s view of medicine on the island of Grenada. JAMA. 261(17):2553–2554. 4069. Unknown Author. 1983. The revolution and the U.S. Health care in Grenada. Health PAC Bull. 14–15(6–1):43–53.

Guatemala

4070. Corral, J.E., et al. 2012. Clinical preventive services in Guatemala: A cross-sectional survey of internal medicine physicians. PLoS One. 7(10):e48640. 4071. Few, M. 2015. For all of Humanity: Mesoamerican and Colonial Medicine in Enlightenment Guatemala. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. 4072. Harvey, T.S. 2011. Maya mobile medicine in Guatemala: The “other” public health. Med Anthropol Q. 25(1):47–69. 4073. Hess, A., et al. 2004. Development of emergency medical services in Guatemala. Prehosp Emerg Care. 8(3):308–312. 4074. Jansen. A.A. 1968. Medical care in Guatemala. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 112(11):524–525. [Dutch] 4075. Orellana, S.L. 1987. Indian Medicine in Highland Guatemala: The Pre-Hispanic and Colonia Periods. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. 4076. Silva-Lizama, E. 2000. History of dermatology in Guatemala. Int J Dermatol. 39(4):305–311.

Guinea 4077. Camara, M.E., et al. 2015. The healthcare system in Africa: The case of Guinea. Int J Comm Med Public Health. 2(4):685–689.

Haiti

Guinea-Bissau 4078. Breman, J.G., et al. 1977. Smallpox in the Republic of Guinea, West Africa. I. History and epidemiology. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 26(4):756–764. 4079. Ekenberg, T. 1989. Medicine-men in Guinea-Bissau. A powerful group which shuns current medical care. Lakartidningen. 86(41):3478–3484. [Swedish] 4080. Shmyglo, M.P. 1977. Public health in the republic of GuineaBissau. Sov Zdravookhr. 3:61–62. [Russian]

Guyana

4081. Forget, N.P., et al. 2013. Emergency medicine in Guyana: Lessons from developing the country’s first degree-conferring residency program. West J Emerg Med. 14(5):477–481. 4082. Misir, P. 2015. Health care in Guyana. Social Medicine. 9(1):36– 47. 4083. Noel, G. 2001. The challenge of nursing in Guyana. Nurs Sci Q. 14(1):69–74. 4084. Unknown author. 2003. Country profiles: Guyana. Epidemiol Bull. 24(1):9–13.

Haiti 4085. Bordeleau, J.M. 1962. Medicine in Haiti. Conditions of practice and pathology. Rev Prat. 23(31):i–iv. 4086. Brodwin, P. 1996. Medicine and Mortality in Haiti: The Contest for Healing Power. Cambridge University Press. 4087. Clerismé, C. 1985. Traditional and modern medicine in Haiti. Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 98(5):431–439. [Spanish] 4088. Dorsett, E.L. 1957. Medicine in Haiti. Mo Med. 54(9):866–869. 4089. Dow, T. 1965. Primitive medicine in Haiti. Bull Hist Med. 39:34–52. 4090. Kiev, A. 1961. Folk psychiatry in Haiti. J Nerv Ment Dis. 132:260–265.

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4091. Lorrain, J.M. 1952. Modern inhabitants of Haiti and medicine. Med Trop (Mars). 12(5):571–575. 4092. Moreau, Y. 1967. History of nursing in Haiti. Infirm Haiti. 1(1):8–11. [French] 4093. Parsons, R.P. 1929. History of Haitian Medicine. New York: Paul B. Hoeber Inc.

Honduras

4094. Carmenate-Milián, L., et al. 2017. Situation of the health system in Honduras and the new proposed health model. Arch Med. 9(4):1. 4095. Flatt, W.D. 1966. Wings of mercy: Medical aid to Honduras. CMAJ. 95(6):266–269. 4096. Peraza, J.A. 1958. Practice of medicine in Honduras during colonial times. Clin Lab (Zaragoza). 65(383):151–160. [Spanish] 4097. Reina Valenzuela, J. 1947. Bosquejo Histórico de la Farmacia y la Medicina en Honduras. Tegucigalpa (Téguz), Honduras: Ariston. 4098. Wittich, A.C. 1989. The medical care system and medical readiness training exercises (MEDRETEs) in Honduras. Mil Med. 154(1):19–23.

Hong Kong (China Special Administrative Region) 4099. Chan, K.K., et al. 2015. A glimpse into the past: Rediscovering Hong Kong’s history of medicine with Professor Faith Ho. Hong Kong Med J. 21(4):382–383. 4100. Chiu, G.K. and Davies, W.I. 1998. The historical development of dentistry in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J. 4(1):73–76. 4101. Chow, M.P. 1965. History and development of the maternal and child health services in Hong Kong. Xianggang Hu Li Za Zhi. 54–55. 4102. Fu tat, E.L., et al. 1998. Emergency medicine in Hong Kong. Ann Emerg Med. 32(1):83–85.

Hungary

4103. Halnan, K.E. 1997. Medicine in Hong Kong (and China) since 1841. J R Coll Physicians Lond. 31(4):464–467. 4104. Hong Kong Museum of Medical Sciences Society. 2006. Plague, SARS, and the Story of Medicine in Hong Kong. Hong Kong University Press. 4105. Lee, A. 1997. Family medicine in Hong Kong: Present and future. Can Fam Physician. 43:1049–1052. 4106. Lett, Z. 1980. Anaesthesia in Hong Kong. Its history and present position. Anaesthesia. 35(10):993–998. 4107. Solomon, T. 1997. Hong Kong’s eastern and western medical history. J R Coll Physicians Lond. 31(4):458–463. 4108. Wu, W.C. 2001. History of hand surgery in Hong Kong. Hand Surg. 6(1):v–viii. 4109. Yip, K.S. 1998. A historical review of mental health services in Hong Kong (1841 to 1995). Int J Soc Psychiatry. 44(1):46–55.

Hungary

4110. Antall, J. 1994. The position of medical historical scholarship in Hungary. Orv Kozl. 40(3–4):55–69. [English Abstract/ Hungarian] 4111. Bartok, J. 1954. History of Hungarian Ophthalmology. Budapest: Hungarian Science Academy. 4112. Beregi, E. 2003. Gerontology in Hungary. A historical view on Hungarian gerontology. Orv Kozl. 48(1–4):147–153. [Hungarian] 4113. Berhidi, A., et al. 2006. The biomedical periodicals of Hungarian editions: Historical overview. Orv Hetil. 147(10):457–467. [Hungarian] 4114. Csécsei, G.I. and Pásztor, E. 20001. Neurosurgery in Hungary. A historical overview and the present state. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 143(2):167–170. 4115. Gaál, P., et al. 2011. Hungary: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 13(5). 4116. Györy, T. 1900. Bibliographica medica Hungariae, 1472–1899. Budapest: Athenaei.

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4117. Huszár, G. 1969. The role of Hungarian dentists in the history of odontology. Int Dent J. 19(4):502–510. 4118. Kapronczay, K. 1977. History of medicine in Hungary. Orv Hetilap. 118(22):1293–1296. [Hungarian] 4119. Kapronczay, K. 1980. The history of medicine with special regard to Hungarian studies. Ther Hung. 28(3):138–142. 4120. Kapronczay, K. 1985. Origins of medical history writing in Hungary. Orv Hetil. 126(36):2231–2233. [Hungarian] 4121. Knoll, J. 1976. History and highlights of pharmacology in Hungary. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 16:487–502. 4122. Koltay, E. 2004. History of alternative medicine in Hungary in 19th and early 20th century. Orvostort Kozl. 49(3–4):57–68. 4123. Pál, H. 1976. Psychoanalysis in Hungary (1900–1948): Historical review]. Orv Hetil. 117(39):2377–2380. [Hungarian] 4124. Pitrolffy-Szabó, B. 1975. The history of urology in Hungary. Orv Hetil. 116(12):693–695. [Hungarian] 4125. Polgar, G. 1969. Notes on the history of medicine in Hungary. Trans Stud Coll Physicians Phila. 37(2):133–139. 4126. Somogyi, E. 1985. The history of forensic medicine in Hungary. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 6(2):145–147. 4127. Varga, D. 1962. History of otorhinolaryngology in Hungary. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 24:83–89. [Russian] 4128. Zoltán, J. The history of plastic surgery in Hungary. Plast Reconstr Surg. 81(4):610–624.

Iceland 4129. Baldursson, J., et al. 2018. Emergency medicine for 25 years in Iceland: History of the specialty in a nutshell. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 26(1). 4130. Bjornsdottir, K. 1996. The construction of a profession: A study of the history of nursing in Iceland. Nurs Inquiry. 3(1):13–22. 4131. Cliff, A.D., et al. 2009. The changing shape of island epidemics: Historical trends in Icelandic infectious disease waves, 1902– 1988. Journal of the History of Geology. 35(3):545–567.

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4132. Gudmundsson, O. 2012. History of Icelandic psychiatry. Nord J Psychiatry. 66(S):1:25–30. 4133. Magnussyni, S.S. 1983. Icelandic obstetric history. Katilolehti. 88(11):310–314. [Swedish] 4134. Olafsson, H.A. 1988. Medical libraries in Iceland. Health Libr Rev. 5(1):11–15. 4135. Pétursdóttir, M. 1970. History of nursing in Iceland. Sykepleien. 57(4):78–79. [Norwegian] 4136. Sigurgeirsdóttir, S., et al. 2014. Iceland: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 16(6):1–182. 4137. Snaedal, G., et al. 1975. Obstetrics and perinatal medicine in Iceland 1881–1971, with a detailed report on deliveries in Iceland 1972–1974. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 54(S45): 3–47. 4138. Steffensen, J. 1980. Icelandic sources in the history of medicine which cannot be shown to have forerunners in contemporary Europe. Nord Medicinhist Arsb. S6:94–105. [Norwegian] 4139. Unknown Author. 1850. Iceland investigated in a medical point of view. Br Foreign Med Chir Rev. 5(10):456–465.

India

4140. Abraham, D.M. and Vaz, M. 2015. The Institute of History of Medicine in Bengaluru: A lost opportunity. Natl Med J India. 28(5):245–249. 4141. Amrith, S. 2006. Decolonizing International Health: India and Southeast Asia, 1930–1965. London: Palgrave. 4142. Bakshi, D., et al.1995. Historical introduction of acupuncture in India. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 25(1–2):216– 225. 4143. Govinda Reddy, C. 1986. Bibliography of the articles [on Indian medical history]. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 16:79–145. 4144. Gupte, M.D., et al. 2001. Epidemiological profile of India: Historical and contemporary perspectives. J Biosci. 26(S4):437–464.

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4145. Johnston-Saint, P. 1929. An outline of the history of medicine in India. Journal of the Royal Society of Arts. 77(3999):843– 870. 4146. Jopat, P.D. 1975. Abstracts of select medico-historical articles in Hindi. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 5(2):102–112. 4147. Khare, R.S., et al. 1996. Dava, Daktar, and Dua: Anthropology of practiced medicine in India. Soc Sci Med. 43(5):837–848. 4148. Lodha, R. and Bagga, A. 2000. Traditional Indian systems of medicine. Ann Acad Med Singap. 29(1):37–41. 4149. Mathiharan, K. 2005. Origin and development of forensic medicine in India. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 26(3):254–260. 4150. Mazars, G. 1994. Traditional veterinary medicine in India. Rev Sci Tech. 13(2):433–451. 4151. Mishra, S., et al. 2013. Historical perspective of Indian neurology. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 16(4):467–477. 4152. Neelameghan, A. 1963. Documentation of the history of medicine in India. Annals of Library & Information Studies. 10(3–4):116–142. 4153. Rana, R.E. and Arora, B.S. 2002. History of plastic surgery in India. J Postgrad Med. 48(1):76. 4154. Rao, R. 1983. Historical outlook among medical practitioners in India. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 13(1–4):1–3. 4155. Sharma, A.R. 2018. Nuclear medicine in India: A historical journey. Indian J Nucl Med. 33(S1):S5–S10. 4156. Singh, H. 2008. Modern pharmacy in India: A historical perspective. Yakushigaku Zasshi. 43(2):140–150. 4157. Unknown Author. 1972. 150-year-old bibliography of Siddha medical literature. Bull Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 2:150–155. 4158. Vesuvala, S. 1978. History of surgery in India--I. Nurs J India. 69(11):247. 4159. Vesuvala, S. 1978. History of surgery in India--II. Nurs J India. 69(12):270.

Indonesia 4160. Boomgaard, P., et al. (Eds.). 1996. Health Care in Java: Past and Present. Leiden: KITLV Press.

Iran

4161. Mahendradhata, Y., et al. 2017. The Republic of Indonesia health system review. Health Systems in Transition. 7(1):1– 291. 4162. Neelakantan, V. 2013. Health and medicine in Soekarno era Indonesia: Social medicine, public health and medicine education 1949 to 1967. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Sydney. 4163. Pols, H. 2018. Nurturing Indonesia, Medicine and Decolonization in the Dutch East Indies. Cambridge University Press. 4164. Skaggs, J.W., et al. 1970. Veterinary medicine in Indonesia. Adv Vet Sci Comp Med. 14:355–364. 4165. Soeharto, R. Medicine in Indonesia. J Philipp Med Assoc. 30(6):304–310. 4166. Susila, M.E. 2015. Medical law in Indonesia: Its history and development. Jurnal Hukum Prioris. 5(1):63–76. 4167. Toha, M. 1970. Review and significance of the history of obstetrics in Indonesia. J Asian Fed Obstet Gynaecol. 1(2):165– 173.

Iran

4168. Ardalan, M. and Khodadoust, K. 2012. Lexicon of Persian Medical Terms in Olden Medical Pandects. Tabriz, Iran: Shervin Medical Publications. 4169. Azizi, M.H., et al. 2014. A collection of essays on the history of medicine in Iran. Arch Iran Med. 17(10):733–793. 4170. Ebrahimnejad, H. 2014. Medicine in Iran: Profession, Practice, and Politics 1800–1925. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 4171. Elgood, C. 1934. Medicine in Persia. New York: Paul B. Hoeber. 4172. Elgood, C. 1941. Some little-known medical practitioners in mediaeval Persia (Section of the History of Medicine). Proc R Soc Med. 34(7):373–380. 4173. Elgood, C. 1951. A Medical History of Persia and the Eastern Caliphate from the Earliest Times Until the Year A.D. 1932. Cambridge: The University Press. 4174. Hazrati, M., et al. 2011. The history of nursing in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Nurs Hist Rev. 19:171–174.

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4175. Heydari, A. 2015. Nursing developments in Iran during World Wars I and II: A historical study. Journal of Nursing & Midwifery Sciences. 2(1):1–8. 4176. Jafari, R., et al. 2019. A biographical history of some Iranian pioneers in medical immunology and allergy. Arch Iran Med. 22(6):344–352. 4177. Kalantar-Hormozi, A. 2013. A brief history of plastic surgery in Iran. Arch Iran Med. 16(3):201–206. 4178. Manuchehri, A. 2007. Urology as a specialty in the history of contemporary medicine in Iran. Urol J. 4(2):125–128. 4179. Mishra, S.K., et al. 2019. Historical perspective of neurology in Iran. Iran J Neurol. 18(1):25. 4180. Moein, H.R. and Shams, H. 2010. History of ophthalmology in Iran. J Curr Ophthalmol. 16(1):3–8. 4181. Mortazavi, H., et al. 2001. A brief history of dermatology in Iran. Arch Dermatol. 137(7):936–937. 4182. Nasrabadi, A.N., et al. 2004. Professional nursing in Iran: An overview of its historical and sociocultural framework. J Prof Nurs. 20(6):396–402. 4183. Nayernouri, T. 2015. A brief history of ancient Iranian medicine. Arch Iran Med. 18(8):549–551. 4184. Nayernouri, T. and Azizi, M. 2011. History of medicine in Iran the oldest known medical treatise in the Persian language. Middle East J Dig Dis. 3(1):74–78. 4185. Qais, Q.A. 2012. History of medicine in Islamic Iran. Journal of Research on History of Medicine. 1(2):51–64. [English Abstract] 4186. Raissi, G.R., et al. 2011. Forty years history of physical medicine and rehabilitation in Iran. J Rehabil Med. 43(4):369. 4187. Sahebo’z-Zamani, M.H. and Bash, K.W. 1968. Remarks on the history of psychiatry in Iran. Schweiz Arch Neurol Neurochir Psychiatr. 101(2):396–401. [German] 4188. Shoja, M.M. and Tubbs, R.S. 2007. The history of anatomy in Persia. J Anat. 210(4):359–378. 4189. Velayati, A. 1988. An introduction to the history of medicine in Islam and Iran. Med J Islamic Repub Iran. 2(2):131–136. 4190. Wills, C.J. 1879. Medicine in Persia. BMJ. 1(956):623–624.

Israel

Iraq 4191. Adamson, P.B. 1991. Surgery in ancient Mesopotamia. Med Hist. 35(4):428–435. 4192. Ali, W.M. 1980. The establishment and practice of forensic medicine in Iraq. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1(1):81–84. 4193. Al-Jumaili, A.A., et al. 2013. Pharmacy in Iraq: History, current status, and future directions. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 70(4):368–372. 4194. Al-Khairalla, M., et al. 2019. Respiratory medicine in Iraq: From the primitive to the advanced. J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 49(1):58–63. 4195. Al-Khalisi, N. 2013. The Iraqi medical brain drain: A crosssectional study. Int J Health Serv. 43(2):363–378. 4196. Biggs, R. 1969. Medicine in ancient Mesopotamia. Hist Sci. 8:94–105. 4197. Coombs, C.F. 1916. Medicine and surgery in Mesopotamia. Bristol Med Chir J (1883). 34(131):136–144. 4198. Kinnier Wilson, J.V. 1968. Gleanings from the Iraq medical journals. J Near East Stud. 27(3):243–247. 4199. Martins E Silva, J. 2009. Medicine in ancient Mesopotamia. Part 1. Acta Med Port. 22(6):841–854. [Portuguese] 4200. Martins E Silva, J. 2010. Medicine in ancient Mesopotamia. Part 2. Acta Med Port. 23(1):125–140. [Portuguese] 4201. Nickels, E. 1985. The dawn of history, medicine in Mesopotamia. Rev Med Liege. 40(24):850–860. [French] 4202. Reiner, E. 1965. Medicine in ancient Mesopotamia. Minerva Med. 56(81):1465–1468. [Italian] 4203. Sultan, A.S. 2007. Medicine in the 21st century: The situation in a rural Iraqi community. Patient Educ Couns. 68(1):66–69. 4204. Verderame, L. 2012. A bibliography of ancient Mesopotamian medicine. Journal des Médecines Cunéiformes. 20:1–42.

Israel

4205. Allan, N. 2001. The physician in ancient Israel: His status and function. Med Hist. 45(3):377–394.

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4206. Davidovitch, N. and Zalashik, R. 2011. The social history of medicine and Israeli history: A potential dialogue. Journal of Israeli History. 30(1):83–88. 4207. Friedenwald, H. 1935. The bibliography of ancient Hebrew medicine. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 23(3):124–157. 4208. Glasman, M. 1971. The history of dentistry in Israel. I. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim. 20:31–34. 4209. Glasman, M. 1972. The history of dentistry in Israel. II. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim. 21:27–29. 4210. Goldner, J.C. 1965. History of public health in Israel. Can J Public Health. 56:343–346. 4211. Ingber, A. 2008. History of dermatology and venereology medicine in Israel: The “Founding Fathers”. Isr Med Assoc J. 10(6):406. 4212. Meltzer, E. 2019. Travel medicine in Israel: Its history and contributions to the discipline. Harefuah. 158(5):327–331. [Hebrew] 4213. Pfeiffer, K. 1976. History of dentistry of the ancient Hebrews and Phoenicians. Zahnarztl Gesundheitsdienst. 4:6–8. [German] 4214. Rosen, B., et al. 2015. Israel: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 17(6). 4215. Rotem, Y. 1987. Pediatric milestones in Israel: Historical notes. Harefuah. 112(11):569–572. [Hebrew] 4216. Stollman, G. 1998. A brief history of optometry in Israel, 1937 to 1997. J Am Optom Assoc. 69(5):329–332.

Italy

4217. Amici, R.R. 2001. The history of Italian parasitology. Vet Parasitol. 98(1–3):3–30. 4218. Brožek, J. and Dazzi, N. 1977. Contemporary historiography of psychology: Italy. J Hist Behav Sci. 13(1):33–40. 4219. Buttitta, P.L. 1965. The Modican medical school in the picture of Sicilian medicine. Minerva Med. 56(S78):1400–1406. [Italian]

Italy

4220. Cardinale, A.E. 1990. Notes for an historical narrative on radiology in Sicily. Radiol Med. 79(4):281–289. [Italian] 4221. Castiglioni, A. 1932. Italian Medicine (Translated by E.B. Krumbhaar). New York: Paul B. Hoeber. 4222. Farnetani, F., et al. 2011. Biography and bibliography of Francesco Fede the founder of Italian pediatrics. Minerva Pediatr (Torino). 63(6):515–526. [Italian] 4223. Ferré, F., et al. 2014. Italy: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 16(4). 4224. Giovanardi, C.M., et al. 2020. Acupuncture in Italy: State of the art. Integr Med Res. 9(1):1–4. 4225. Leonardi, M. 1996. A history of neuroradiology in Italy. Am J Neuroradiol. 17(4):721–730. 4226. Neumann, Y.B. 1955. The place of Italy in the history of medicine. Harefuah. 49(9):204–207. 4227. Noehden, Dr. 1803. Brief account of the present state of medical and physical literature in Italy. Medical Physics Journal. 9(51):434–438. 4228. Palenzona, C. 1965. Professional panorama of Italian medicine. Concours Med. 87:1504–1508. [French] 4229. Pazzini, A.1939. Bibliografia di storia della medicina italiana. Rome: Tosi. 4230. Pera, G. 1951. Development of aviation medicine service in Italy. Riv Med Aeronaut. 14(2):138–148. 4231. Pezzi, G. 1959. On medicine and surgery in Sicily from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries and on various worthy, hitherto little known, Sicilian physicians and surgeons of this period. Ann Med Nav Trop. 164:361–378. [Italian] 4232. Pruneda, A. 1950. Italian medicine. Gac Med Mex. 80(1):87– 92. [Spanish] 4233. Renzi, S de. 1845–1848. Storia della medicina italiana (5 Volumes). Naples: Filiatre-Sebezio (Reprinted in Bologna, 1966). 4234. Rossi, E. 1955. Giovanni Rasori, 1766–1837 or Italian medicine in transition. Bull Hist Med. 29(2):116–133. 4235. Schachter, M. 1951. General survey of Italian medicine in 1951. Hospital. 39(603):288–291.

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4236. Volterra, M. 1949. Medicine under Mussolini. Bull N Y Acad Med. 25(6):364–373.

Jamaica 4237. Altink, H. 2012. Modernity, race and mental health care in Jamaica, c. 1918–1944. Journal of the Department of Behavioural Sciences. 2(1):1–19. 4238. Denbow, C.E. 2004. A history of cardiology in Jamaica. West Indian Med J. 53(3):184–187. 4239. George, N. 1966. History of dentistry in Jamaica. McGill Dent Rev. 28(2):57–59. 4240. Graham, A. 2019. Politics, persuasion and public health in Jamaica, 1800–1850. History. 104:63–82. 4241. Hanna, W.J. 1988. Newspapers and medicine in Jamaica a century ago. Jamaica Journal. 21(4):33–36. 4242. Lescene, G.T. 1955. Brief historical retrospect of the medical profession in Jamaica. West Indian Med J. 4(4):217–242. 4243. McDonald, A., et al. 2005. Emergency medicine in Jamaica. CJEM. 7(5):340–343. 4244. Tulloch, E.E. 1971. Historical perspectives of nursing in Jamaica. Int Nurs Rev. 18(1):49–58. 4245. Williams, E.W., et al. 2008. The evolution of emergency medicine in Jamaica. West Indian Med J. 57(2):161–165.

Japan

4246. Bessho, F. and Kobayashi, N. 1993. A historical sketch of pediatric hematology and oncology in Japan. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 10(2):v–viii. 4247. Bowers, J.Z. 1970. Western Medical Pioneers in Feudal Japan. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. 4248. Fujikawa, Y. 1911. History of Japanese Medicine from the Earliest Times to 1911 (English Translation). New York. 4249. Fujikawa, Y. 1934. Japanese Medicine (Translated by John Ruhrah). New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Inc.

Jordan

4250. Fujino, T. 1976. History of bacteriology in Japan (1). Nihon rinsho. Jpn J Clin Med. 34(10):3063. 4251. Izumi, Y. and Isozumi, K. 2001. Modern Japanese medical history and the European influence. Keio J Med. 50(2):91–99. 4252. Kameyama, M.1983. A study on the special status of nurses in the modern history of nursing in Japan. Kango. 35(7):125– 136. [Japanese] 4253. Mestler, G.E. 1957. A galaxy of old Japanese medical books with miscellaneous notes on early medicine in Japan. V. Biblio-historical addenda, corrections, postscript, acknowledgments. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 45(2):164–219. 4254. Mishima, S. (Ed.). 2004. The History of Ophthalmology in Japan. Belgium: Wayenborgh Publishing. 4255. Motoo, Y., et al. 2011. Traditional Japanese medicine, Kampo: Its history and current status. Chin J Integr Med. 17(2):85–87. 4256. Ohi, G., et al. 1998. Japan’s egalitarian health care system: A brief historical analysis. Health Care Anal. 6(2):141–149. 4257. Otani, F. (Ed.). 1971. One Hundred Years of Health Progress in Japan. Tokyo: International Medical Foundation of Japan. 4258. Saito, S., et al. 2017. The history of Japanese anesthesiology. J Anaesthes Hist. 3(3):103–106. 4259. Sato, Y. 1967. The historical development of nursing in Japan. Nihon Saikingaku Zasshi. 22(8):36–39. 4260. Takahashi, M. 1995. Pioneers and history of Japanese neuroradiology. Am J Neuroradiol. 16(4):741–744. 4261. Tatara, K. and Okamoto, E. 2009. Japan: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 11(5). 4262. Umemura, M. 2011. The Japanese Pharmaceutical Industry: Its Evolution and Current Challenges. Oxford: Routledge. 4263. Whitney, W.N. 1885. Notes on the history of medical progress in Japan. Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan. 12:245– 469.

Jordan

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Kazakhstan

4272. Chokin, A.R., et al. 1975. History and establishment of dental care in Kazakhstan. Stomatologiia (Mosk). 54(6):54–58. [Russian] 4273. Cockerham, W.C., et al. 2004. Health lifestyles in central Asia: The case of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Soc Sci Med. 59(7):1409–1421. 4274. Dushmanov SKh., et al. 1996. Zemstvo medicine in Kazakhstan on the edge between the 19th and 20th centuries. Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Istor Med. 6:58–60. [Russian] 4275. Katsaga, A., et al. 2012. Kazakhstan: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 14(4). 4276. Kramchaninov, N.F. 1958. History of public health in Kazakhstan. Sov Zdravookhr. 17(4):13–17. [Russian] 4277. Kulkybaev, G.A. 2003. Occupational medicine in Kazakhstan. Med Tr Prom Ekol. 10:2–8. [Russian] 4278. Subbotin, VIa. 1967. Veterinary medicine of Kazakhstan toward the 50th anniversary of the Great October Revolution. Veterinariia. 44(8):2–5.

Kosovo

Kenya 4279. Carman, J.A. 1976. A Medical History of Kenya. London: Rex Collings. 4280. Crozier, A. 2005. The colonial medical officer and Colonia identity: Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania before World War II. Doctoral Dissertation, University College London. 4281. Fraser, D.H. 2013. History of veterinary science in Kenya. Vet Rec. 172(22):586. 4282. Gordon, H.L. 1946. The importance of social medicine in Kenya. East Afr Med J. 23:2–13. 4283. Mwabu, G. 1995. Health care reform in Kenya: A review of the process. Health Policy. 32(1–3):245–255. 4284. Qureshi, M.M. and Oluoch-Olunya, D. 2010. History of neurosurgery in Kenya, East Africa. World Neurosurg. 73(4):261–263. 4285. Waweru-Siika, W., et al. 2020. The history of critical care in Kenya. J Crit Care. 55:122–127.

Kiribati

4286. Franks, A.J. 1983. Patterns of illness and the use of health services on a coral atoll--observations in Kiribati (Central Pacific). Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 77(1):68–72. 4287. Tassicker, B., et al. 2019. Emergency care in Kiribati: A combined medical and nursing model for development. Emerg Med Australas. 31(1):105–111. 4288. Tira, T. 1988. Health for all proves its worth in Kiribati. World Health Forum. 9(1):50–52.

Kosovo 4289. Davenport, A. 2000. Healthcare in Kosovo. Midwifery Today. 53:50–52. 4290. DeKoning, B.L. 2001. Shaping the medical environment in Kosovo through engagement. Mil Med. 8:746–752.

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Kuwait 4294. Atkinson, C. 2015. Islamic values and nursing practice in Kuwait. J Holist Nurs. 33(3):195–204. 4295. El-Reshaid, K., et al. 1999. Hypertension in Kuwait: The past, present and future. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 10(3):357. 4296. Goffman, L.F. 2021. A Jar of Shaykhs’ teeth: Medicine, politics, and the fragments of history in Kuwait. International Journal of Middle East Studies. 1–15. 4297. Meleis, A.I. 1979. The health care system of Kuwait: The social paradoxes. Soc Sci Med. 13:743–749. 4298. Sullivan, M.G. and Brennen, P.W. 1984. Medical library services in Kuwait: History and future prospects. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 72(1):12. 4299. Zahid, M.A. and Al-Zayed, A. 2009. Psychiatry in Kuwait. Int Psychiatry. 6(2):35–36.

Kyrgyzstan 4300. Hardison, C., et al. 2007. The emergence of family medicine in Kyrgyzstan. Fam Med. 39(9):627–633. 4301. Ibraimova, A., et al. 2011. Kyrgyzstan: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 13(3):1–152. 4302. Leininger, B.J. 1997. Surgical care in Kyrgyzstan. Bull Am Coll Surg. 82(9):19–30. 4303. Mukambetov, A., et al. 2018. Palliative care development in Kyrgyzstan. J Pain Symptom Manage. 55(2S):S41–S45. 4304. Pirnazarova, G. 2006. Nursing formation in Kyrgyzstan. Colorado Nurse. 106(4):21.

Latvia

Laos 4305. Gordon, G. and Chu, V. 2006. Medical professionalism in Laos. Lancet. 367(9519):1302–1304. 4306. Hughes, E.T. 1961. Medical glimpses of Laos. J Natl Med Assoc. 53(4):321–322. 4307. Mathurin, L. and Fontan, R. 1973. Medicine in Laos. Médecine Tropicale. 33(6):641–650. [English Summary/French] 4308. Perks, C., et al. 2006. District health programmes and healthsector reform: Case study in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Bull World Health Organ. 84(2):132–138. 4309. Schmid, E.E. 1963. The Kingdom of Laos. Land, people and medical care. Wien Med Wochenschr. 113:907–909. [German] 4310. Sweet, K.D. 2015. Limited doses: Health and development in Laos, 1893–2000. Doctoral Dissertation, National University of Singapore. 4311. Sydara, K., et al. 2005. Use of traditional medicine in Lao PDR. Complement Ther Med. 13(3):199–205. 4312. Wittick, T.A., et al. 2019. Medical education in Laos. Med Teach. 41(8):877–882.

Latvia 4313. Andriusis, A. and Viksna, A. 2004. 150th birth anniversary of Izidor Brennsohn, Latvian historian of medicine and researcher of Lithuanian anthropology. Medicina. 40(9):912– 916. 4314. Behmane, D., et al. 2019. Latvia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 21(4):1–164. 4315. Biezin, A.P. 1972. Beginnings of orthopedics in Latvia. Ortop Travmatol Protez. 33(8):74–78. [Russian] 4316. Boka, V. and Aizsilniece, I. 1994. The health care system of Latvia--at a crossroads. J Public Health Med. 16(1):97–100. 4317. Brown, H. 2004. Looking to the future in Latvia. Lancet. 364(9451):2083–2086. 4318. Bugyi, B. 1967. The museum of medical history in Riga. Orv Hetil. 108(45):2149–2150. [Hungarian]

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Lebanon

4324. Abboud, M.R., et al. Pediatric hematology oncology in Lebanon: A historical perspective. PAJO. 1(1):42–43. 4325. Fares, Y. and Fares, J. 2017. Neurosurgery in Lebanon: History, development and future challenges. World Neurosurg. 99:524–531. 4326. Helou, M. and Rizk, G.A. 2016. State of family medicine practice in Lebanon. J Family Med Prim Care. 5(1):51–55. 4327. Katchadourian, H. 1980. The historical background of psychiatry in Lebanon. Bull Hist Med. 54(4):544–553. 4328. Khouri, R. 2010. The history of medicine in Lebanon. J Med Liban. 58(1):28–44. [French] 4329. Mazboudi, M. and Ben Abdelaziz, A. 2010. Medical research productivity of Lebanon: A bibliometric study of paper indexed in MEDLINE 1985–2004. Tunis Med. 88(8):579–585. 4330. Sabbagh, W. 1991. The history of anesthesia in Lebanon. Bull Soc Liban Hist Med. (1):23–29. [French]

Lesotho

4331. Jones, S., et al. 1988. Health care in Lesotho. Nursing Times. 84(41):39–41.

Libya

4332. Lewis, J.S. 1983. Obstetric reminiscences in the course of general practice in Basutoland (over 50 years ago). S Afr Med J. Spec No:20–22. 4333. Menzies, R. 1984. Primary health care in Lesotho. CMAJ. 130(4):344–345. 4334. Moteetee, A. 2011. The medical ethnobotany of Lesotho: A review. African Biodiversity and Conservation. 41(1):209– 228. 4335. Newton, N.I. 1976. Anaesthesia in a developing country. A review of anaesthesia in Lesotho based on a recent survey. Anaesthesia. 31(8):1117–1123.

Liberia 4336. Etzel, R.A. 1976. Liberian obstetrics. Part 1. The birth and development of midwifery. J Nurse Midwifery. 21(4):24–37. 4337. Etzel, R.A. 1977. Liberian obstetrics: The birth and development of midwifery. II. The traditional midwife in the 20th century. J Nurse Midwifery. 22(1):18–30. 4338. Harley, G.W. 1941. Native African Medicine: With Special Reference to its Practice in the Mano Tribe of Liberia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 4339. Murray, R. 2019. Bodies in motion: Liberian settlers, medicine, and mobility in the Atlantic world. Journal of the Early Republic. 39(4):615–646. 4340. Wheeler, M. 1975. Travel notes: A Liberian medical experience. Yale J Biol Med. 48(5):439–449.

Libya 4341. Bakoush, O., et al. 2007. PubMed medical publications from Libya. Libyan J Med. 2(3):125–128. 4342. Benamer, H.T. and Bakoush, O. 2009. Medical education in Libya: The challenges. Med Teach. 31(6):493–496. 4343. Beshyah, S. 2008. Libyan journal of medicine: Achievements and challenges. Libyan J Med. 3(4):204–205.

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4344. Daw, M.A, and Elkhammas, E.A. 2008. Libyan medical education: Time to move forward (Editorial). Libyan Journal of Medicine. 3(1):1–3. 4345. Khromov, A.S. Kutuzova, E.P. 1975. Public health in the Libyan Republic. Sov Zdravookhr. (1):53–57. [Russian] 4346. Muldoon, C. 1970. Dentistry in Libya. J Ir Dent Assoc. 16(3):87–89. 4347. Yuan, K.H. 1968. Nursing in Libya. Hu Li Za Zhi. 15(2):73–75. [Chinese]

Liechtenstein

4348. Thiel, S.L., et al. 2020. Flattening the curve in 52 days: Characterisation of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Principality of Liechtenstein – an observational study. Swiss Medical Weekly. 150(4142). 4349. World Health Organization. 2017. Joint External Evaluation of IHR Core Capacities of the Swiss Confederation and the Principality of Liechtenstein. Geneva.

Lithuania

4350. Biziuliavichius, S.K. 1968. A study of the history of medicine in Lithuania 1940–1967. Sov Zdravookhr. 27(8):72–76. [Russian] 4351. Dumcius, A. 2002. History of Lithuanian heart surgery. Medicina. 38(S):5–10. [English Abstract/Lithuanian] 4352. Kaminskas, R. and Peičius, E. 2007. The development of medical sociology in the post-Soviet Society: The case of Lithuania. Cent Eur Public Health. 15(2):74–78. 4353. Murauskiene, L., et al. 2013. Lithuania: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 15(2):1–150. 4354. Zolotukhin, S.I. 1957. Medical history in Lithuania. Farmakol Toksikol. 20(3):93.

Macedonia

Luxembourg 4355. European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. 2015. Luxembourg; Health system review. HiT in Brief. Geneva. 4356. Kayser, G. 1989. History of dental medicine in Luxembourg. Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb. S:63–69. [French] 4357. Klincker. J., et al. 1979. Survey of medical periodicals in Luxembourg. Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb. 116(2):225–229. 4358. Massard, J.A. 1999. Science and medicine in 18th Century Luxembourg. Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb. 1:103– 122. [German] 4359. Metz, H. 1996. The health care system of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb. 133(2):13–25. 4360. Nimax, A. 1954. The history of pharmacy in Luxembourg. J Pharm Belg. 9(9–10):331–340. [French] 4361. Schol, D. 1977. Nursing in Europe: Luxembourg. Nursing Mirror. 145(15):31–33. 4362. Wennig, R. 1984. History of toxicology in Luxembourg. Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb. 121(2):39–52. [French]

Macedonia

4363. Irving, C. 1978. Modern medicine, old mystique in Macedonia. Nursing Times. 74(16):686–687. 4364. Kostova, N.M., et al. 2017. The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 19(3). 4365. Panovska-Stavridis, I. and Cevreska, L. 2013. Haematology in the Republic of Macedonia: Present situation and brief history. Prilozi. 34(1):67–74. 4366. Polenakovic, M. and Danevska, L. 2011. Medical journals in the Republic of Macedonia after the Second World War. Prilozi. 32(2):11–31.

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Madagascar 4367. Altepeter, M. 2012. Madagascar: Transitions in health care. Thesis, Regis College. 4368. Aubry, P. and Rakotobe, P. 2000. Medical education in Madagascar from 1870 to present. Med Trop (Mars). 60(4):345–347. [French] 4369. Delaunay, P. 1962. The experience in Madagascar in industrial medicine. Arch Mal Prof. 23:524–536. [French] 4370. Merlin, J., et al. Indigenous medical assistance in Madagascar (1898–1950). Med Trop (Mars). 63(1):17–21. [French] 4371. Quansah, N. 1994. Biocultural diversity and integrated healthcare in Madagascar. Nature and Resources. 30(1):18– 22. 4372. Ramalanjaona, G. 1998. Emergency medicine in Madagascar. Ann Emerg Med. 31(6):766–768. 4373. Randriamaro, T. 1952. Medicine in Madagascar during the fabulous period of its history. Scalpel. 105(43):1285–1291. 4374. Rodhain, F. and Fontenille, D. 1991. Evolution of our knowledge on medical entomology in Madagascar in the last decade. Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar. 59(1):35–55.

Malawi

4375. Baker, C. 1976. The government medical service in Malawi: An administrative history, 1891–1974. Med Hist. 20(3):296– 311. 4376. Gelfand, M. 1964. Lakeside Pioneers. Socio-medical Study of Nyasaland (1875–1920). London: Basil Blackwell. 4377. Krogstad, D.J. 1980. Medicine in Malawi. Ann Intern Med. 92(6):861–864. 4378. Lawanda, J. 2002. Doctoring the brain drain: Medical case of Malawi. African Issues. 30(1):47–51. 4379. Lawanda, J. 2005. Politics, Culture and Medicine in Malawi: Historical Continuities and Ruptures with Special Reference to HIV/AIDs. Zomba, Malawi: Kachere Series.

Malaysia

4380. Muula, A.S. and Lau, C. 2004. Academic medicine in a Southern African country of Malawi. Croat Med J. 45(5):556–562. 4381. Rennick, A. 2003. Church and medicine: The role of medical missionaries in Malawi 1875–1914. Thesis, University of Stirling.

Malaysia

4382. Abdullah, M.D.T. 2005. The History of Medicine in Malaysia: The Foundation Years. Kuala Lumpur: Academy of Medicine of Malaysia. 4383. Alhady, S.M. 1978. The history and development of surgery in Malaysia. Aust N Z J Surg. 48(4):352–356. 4384. Chen, P.C.Y. 1981. Traditional and modern medicine in Malaysia. Soc Sci Med Part A: Med Psychol Med Sociol. 15(2):127–136. 4385. Institute of Medical Research. 1951. Fifty Years of Medical Research in Malaya (Study No. 25). Kuala Lumpur. 4386. Institute of Medical Research. 1976. Seventy-five Years of Medical Research in Malaysia (Study No. 32). Kuala Lumpur. 4387. Lim, K.G. 2011. The Medical Journal of Malaysia: Its history and its mission (Editorial). Med J Malaysia. 66(3):173–174. 4388. Ng, S.C., et al. 2019. Traditional Chinese medicine in Malaysia. A brief historical overview of the institutions. Chin Med Cult. 2(1):15–18. 4389. Rina, R., et al. 2015. An overview of traditional Malay medicine in the Malaysian healthcare system. Journal of Applied Science. 15:723–727. 4390. Singh, R.B. 1982. Historical development of the laboratory services in Malaysia. Malays J Pathol. 5:23–32. 4391. Thomas, S., et al. 2011. Health care delivery in Malaysia: Changes, challenges and champions. J Public Health Afr. 2(2):e23. 4392. Woon, T.H. 1978. A history of psychiatry in peninsular Malaysia, 1830–1975. Med J Malaysia. 32(3):258–263.

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Maldives 4393. Hussain, M.M. 1981. Progress towards health for all: The example of Maldives. World Health Forum. 2(1):30–35. 4394. Ilyas, S.A. 2012. Situation Analysis on Medical Equipment in Maldives. Maldives: Ministry of Health and Family. 4395. Knoll, E.M. 2017. Archipelagic genes: Medical travel as a creative response to limitations and remoteness in the Maldives. Asia Pacific Viewpoint. 58(2):148–161. 4396. Knoll, E.M. 2021. How the Maldives have navigated disease and development. Curr Hist. 120(825):152–158. 4397. McGlashan, N., et al. 1982. Some health problems of the Maldives. Ecol Dis. 1(4):221–228.

Mali

4398. Franco, L.M., et al. 2008. Effects of mutual health organizations on use of priority health-care services in urban and rural Mali: A case-control study. Bull World Health Organ. 86:830–838. 4499. Imperato, P.J. 1975. Traditional medical practitioners among the Bambara of Mali and their role in the modern health care delivery system. Trop Geogr Med. 27(2):211–221. 4400. Imperato, P.J. 1981. Modern and traditional medicine: The case of Mali. Ann Intern Med. 95(5):650–651. 4401. Landouré, G., et al. 2016. Genetics and genomic medicine in Mali: Challenges and future perspectives. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 4(2):126–134.

Malta 4402. Azzopardi-Muscat, N., et al. 2017. Malta: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 19(1). 4403. Cassar, P. 1965. Medical History of Malta. London: Wellcome Historical Medical Library. 4404. Cassar, P. 1995. Notes on the history of psychiatry in Malta. Hist Psychiatry. 6(24 Pt 4):483–491.

Mauritania

4405. Nielsen, A.B. 1978. Some small aspects of the history of medicine of Malta. Sydsven Medicinhist Sallsk Arsskr. 15:140– 149. [Danish] 4406. Tully. 1824. Sketch of the medical topography of Malta. Lond Med Phys J. 52(310):469–481. 4407. Tully. 1825. Sketch of the medical topography of Malta. Lond Med Phys J. 53(313):194–204. 4408. Savona-Ventura, C. 2003. Ophthalmology in Malta: A historical outline. Malta: Association for the Study of Maltese Medical History.

Marshall Islands

4409. Berg, B.W. 1994, Marshall Islands medical survey. Hawaii Med J. 53(6):160–161. 4410. Dungy, C.I., et al. 1984. Pediatrics in the Marshall Islands. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 23(1):29–32. 4411. Kijiner, T.D. 1996. Primary health care for the Marshall Islands. Asian Am Pac Isl J Health. 4(1–3):166–170. 4412. Petrosian-Husa, C.C.H. 2004. Traditional Medicine in the Marshall Islands. Majuro Atoll: Republic of the Marshall Islands, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Historic Preservation Office. 4413. Reuther, C. 1997. Atomic legacy in the Marshall Islands. Environ Health Perspect. 105(9):918–919.

Mauritania 4414. Dahdi, S.A., et al. 2018. Bibliometry of biomedical scientific publications in Mauritania (Medline 1992–2016). Tunis Med. 96(10–11):834–843. 4415. de Groulard, M. 1991. Traditional medicine practices and health planning: Example of traditional medicine in Mauritania, Adrar region. Med Trop (Mars). 51(1):37–41. [French] 4416. Graz, B. 2005. Assessing traditional healers: An observational clinical study of classical Arabic medicine in Mauritania, with

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Mauritius

4418. Aubry, P. and Gaüzère, B.A. 2016. History of health in the Indian Ocean: Care, prevention, teaching, and research from the 17th to the mid-20th century. Med Sante Trop. 26(2):122– 129. 4419. Barraut, A.R. 1869. The medical topography of Mauritius, with an account of the fever which prevailed there in 1867. Trans Epidemiol Soc Lond. 3(Pt 1):183–199. 4420. Dhurmah, K. 2011. The history of nursing in the Republic of Mauritius. Nurs Hist Rev. 19:165–167. 4421. Kassean, H. and Poordil, M. 2011. Utilization of emergency medical services in Mauritius. J Health Manag. 13(4):389– 400. 4422. Parahoo, K.A. 1986. Early colonial health developments in Mauritius. Int J Health Serv. 16(3):409–423. 4423. Rummun, N., et al. 2018. The role of endemic plants in Mauritian traditional medicine - potential therapeutic benefits or placebo effect? J Ethnopharmacol. 213:111–117. 4424. Sussman, L.K. 1980. Herbal medicine on Mauritius. J Ethnopharmacol. 2(3):259–278. 4425. Sussman, L.K. 1981. Unity in diversity in a polyethnic society: The maintenance of medical pluralism on Mauritius. Soc Sci Med Anthropol. 15(3):247–260.

Mexico 4426. Belsasso, G. 1969. The history of psychiatry in Mexico. Psychiatr Serv. 20(11):342–344. 4427. Bonillia, N.A. 1950. Six outstanding events in the history of Mexican medicine. Medicina (Mex). 30(603):195–197. [Spanish]

Micronesia, Federated States of

4428. del Castillo, F. 1961. Notes on the history of ophthalmology in Mexico. Médico. 11(2):63–66. 4429. Gonzalez Ulloa, M. 1961. History of medicine in Mexico: Life and death in pre-Columbian times. Prensa Med Mex. 26:20– 24. [Spanish] 4430. Gonzalez Ulloa, M. 1961. Modern Mexican medicine. Gac Med Mex. 26:261–265. [Spanish] 4431. Guarner, V. 2008. The influence of French medicine on Mexican medicine in the 19th century. Hist Sci Med. 42(3):277–284. 4432. Guerra, F. 1949. The bibliography of the history of Mexican medicine. Prensa Med Mex. 14(4):87–93. [Spanish] 4433. Guerra, F. 1954. The bibliography and medical libraries of Mexico. Libri. 3:191–195. 4434. Jimenez-Sanchez, G., et al. 2008. Genomic medicine in Mexico: Initial steps and the road ahead. Genome Res. 18:1191–1198. 4435. Musso, C.G. 2004. Finding the present in the past: Ancient Mexican medicine. Humane Medicine. 4(2). 4436. Penyak, L.M. 2002. Midwives and legal medicine in Mexico, 1740–1846. Journal of Hispanic Higher Education. 1(3):251– 266. 4437. Rodríguez de Romo, A.C. and Rodríguez Pérez, M.E. 1998. History of public health in Mexico: 19th and 20th centuries. Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos. 5(2):293–310. [Portuguese] 4438. Schendel, G. 1968. Medicine in Mexico: From Aztec Herbs to Betatrons. Austin: University of Texas Press. 4439. Somolinos d’Ardois, G. 1995. Mexican medical imprints (1553–1618). Cuad Valencia Hist Med Cienc. 48:145–296. [Spanish] 4440. Uriarte, J.V. 2008. Some notes on Mexican gynecology history. Ginecol Obstet México. 76(11):659–699. [Spanish]

Micronesia, Federated States of

4441. Asher, J. 2002. Federated States of Micronesia health services in relation to medical services. Journal of South Pacific Law. 6(2):1–27.

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4442. Lee, M., et al. 1969. Status of health services in Micronesia since the 1963 poliomyelitis epidemic. Public Health Rep. 84(10):915. 4443. Post, D.C. 2010. A perspective on health care development in Micronesia. Pac Health Dialog. 16(1):181–184. 4444. Pretrick, E.K. 1996. Health Challenges for the Federated States of Micronesia. Asian Am Pac Isl J Health. 4(1–3):171–175. 4445. Rutstein, D. 2000. Telemedicine in the Federated States of Micronesia. Pacific Health Dialog. 7(2):40–45. 4446. Tokuda, A.A., et al. 2001. Health care in the freely Associated States in Micronesia: Strategies beyond the Compacts. Pac Health Dialog. 8(1):207–212.

Moldova 4447. Cernea, P. 1994. The beginning of ophthalmology in Moldova. Oftalmologia. 38(3):267–271. [Russian] 4448. Khomutov, M. 1960. From the history of obstetrics in the Moldavian SSR. Sovetskoe Zdravookhranenie. 19:68–73. [Russian] 4449. Popushoĭ, E.P. and Ioksa, V.A. 1983. Medico-geographical descriptions: A major source of the study of the history of medicine of Moldavia. Sovetskoe Zdravookhranenie. 8:58–61. [Russian] 4450. Turcanu, G., et al. 2012. Republic of Moldova: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 14(7).

Monaco

4451. Böbel, I. and Martis, A. 2009. Value Creation in Health Care: The Case of Princess Grace Hospital (CHPG) Monaco. International University of Monaco.

Mongolia

4452. Bold, S. 2009. History and Development of Traditional Mongolian Medicine: From Neolithic Age-Early 21st Century. Ulaanbaatar: Sodpress Kompanid Khevlv.

Morocco

4453. Bolormaa, T., et al. 2007. Mongolia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 9(4). 4454. Caijilahu, C. 1999. Influence of religious beliefs on Mongolian medicine. Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi. 29(2):92–95. [Chinese] 4455. Pitschmann, A., et al. 2013. Traditional Mongolian medicine: History and status quo. Phytochem Res. 12:943–959. 4456. Safavi-Abbasi, S., et al. 2007. The fate of medical knowledge and the neurosciences during the time of Genghis Khan and the Mongolian Empire. Neurosurg Focus. 23(1):e13. 4457. Saijirahu. 1992. An introduction to modern studies in Mongolian medical history. Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi. 2(1):54– 58. [Chinese] 4458. Wang, X.H. and Bao, L. 2017. Professor B. Jigmed’s conception on the division of stages of history of Mongolian medicine. Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi. 47(2):103–106. [Chinese] 4459. Yan, H.X. and Zhen, Y. 2017. Brief history of education of Mongolian medicine 1947–1977. Zhonghua yi shi za zhi. 47(2):107–110. [Chinese]

Montenegro

4460. Levy, O.L. and Naumann, J.C. 1899 Medical notes on Montenegro. BMJ. 1(1996):801–802. 4461. Martinović, M. and Jokanović, V. 2006. Divna Veković (1886– 1944) the first woman physician in Montenegro. Med Pregl. 59(7–8):391–393. 4462. Piletić, M. 1966. Medical service in the Montenegro region during the 1st year of the People’s Liberation War (July 1941–June 1942). Vojnosanitetski pregled. 23(12):801–804. [Serbian]

Morocco

4463. Akhmisse, M. 1992. The history of medicine in Morocco: From its origins to the advent of the protectorate. Hist Sci Med. 26(4):263–269. [French] 4464. Amster, E.J. 2013. Medicine and the Saints: Science, Island and the Colonial Encounter in Morocco, 1877–1956. Austin: University of Texas Press.

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4465. Belkamel, B. 1992. The history of medicine in ancient Morocco. Hist Sci Med. 26(4):271–279. 4466. Bellakhdar, J. 1989. A new look at traditional medicine in Morocco. World Health Forum. 10(2):193–199. 4467. Elfiguigui, L. and Elyamani, A. 2015. The history of dental medicine in Morocco in the 20th century. International Journal of Science Research. 5(11):1480–1481. 4468. El Otmani, S., et al. 1992. The history of medicine in Morocco during the Saadian era. Hist Sci Med. 26(4):287–290. [French] 4469. Moussaoui, D., et al. 1992. History of medicine and Morocco during the protectorate. Hist Sci Med. 26(4):291–299. [French] 4470. Renaud, H.P. 1950. Our knowledge of early medicine in Morocco. Morocco Medicine. 29(296):188–190. [Undetermined] 4471. Tacquin, A. 1917. Medicine in Morocco. BMJ. 1(2934):384– 387.

Mozambique

4472. Feio, F.J. 1953. Medical division and organization of health services in Mozambique. An Inst Med Trop (Lisb). 10(4 Part 1):2473–2516. [Portuguese] 4473. McKay, R. 2018. Medicine in the Meantime: The Work of Care in Mozambique. Duke University Press. 4474. Sheppard, S. 1981. Mozambique: Progress toward health care for everyone. J Health Polit Policy Law. 6(3):520–527. 4475. Wahr, M. 2012. Treatment with “natural medicine” in North Mozambique. Kinderkrankenschwester. 31(12):491–493.

Myanmar

4476. Aung-Thwin, M. 2010. Healing, rebellion, and the law: Ethnologies of medicine in colonial Burma, 1928–1932. Journal of Burma Studies. 14:151–185. 4477. Macdonald, K.N. 1879. The Practice of Medicine Among the Burmese. Edinburgh: MacLachlan and Stewart.

Nauru

4478. Mar, W. 2017. History and perspectives of nuclear medicine in Myanmar. Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Bio. 6(1):68–74. 4479. Maung-Zaw, K. 1997. Psychiatric services in Myanmar: A historical perspective. Psychiatric Bulletin. 21:506–509. 4480. Parkes, E.A. 1851. State of medicine among the Burmese. Lond J Med. 3(29):407. 4481. Rao, M.S. 1968. The history of medicine in India and Burma. Med Hist. 12(1):52–61.

Namibia 4482. el Obeid, S., et al. 2001. Health in Namibia: Progress and Challenges. A report prepared for the Ministry of Health & Social Services by Research & Information Services of Namibia, Windhoek. 4483. Gottschalk, K. 1988. The political economy of health care: Colonial Namibia 1915–1961. Soc Sci Med. 26(6):557–582. 4484. Meincke, M. 2018. Public health and traditional medicine in Namibia. Nordic Journal of African Studies. 27(1):1–24. 4485. Schneider, H.P. 2012. The history of veterinary medicine in Namibia. J South Afr Vet Assoc. 83(1):1–9. 4486. Wallace, M. 2002. Health, Power and Politics in Windhoek, Namibia, 1915–1945 (Basel Namibia Study Series No. 7). Basel: P. Schlettwein.

Nauru

4487. Bray, G.W. 1930. The story of leprosy at Nauru. Proc R Soc Med. 23(9):1370–1374. 4488. Grant, A. 1933. A medical survey of the island of Nauru. Med J Aust. 1(4):113–118. 4489. McCall, C. 2018. Urgent medical attention needed for people on Nauru. Lancet. 392(10157):1507–1508. 4490. Taylor, R. and Thoma, K. 1985. Mortality patterns in the modernized Pacific island nation of Nauru. Am J Public Health. 75(2):149–155.

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Nepal 4491. Acharya, S.P. 2013. Critical care medicine in Nepal: Where are we? Int Health. 5(2):92–95. 4492. Chand, O.B. and Uprety, D. 2013. Medical Anthropology/ Sociological Studies in Nepal: A Bibliography. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari. 4493. Gorton, M.M. 1985. Hospital practice in Nepal. N Engl J Med. 312(4):249. 4494. Heydon, S. 2011. Mountains and medicine: History and medicines use in rural Nepal. Southern Med Rev. 4(1). 4495. Khanal, P. 2017. History of pharmaceutical development in Nepal. Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences. 3(1):86–93. 4496. Khanal, P., et al. 2018. Historical development of health research ethics in Nepal. J Nepal Health Res Counc. 16(1):105– 107. 4497. Marasini, B.R. 2003. Health and hospital development in Nepal: Past and present. J Nepal Med Assoc. 42:306–311. 4598. Prasad, S.D. 1990. History of Medicine of Nepal (Nepali). Kathmandu: Ratna Pustak Bhandar. 4599. Shah, M. 2009. Health manpower development in Nepal: A historical perspective. Kathmandu Univ Med J. 7(27):325– 327. 4500. Shakya, D.R. and Shyangwa, P.M. 2008. The history of modern Nepalese medicine. Nepal Med Coll J. 10(2):146. 4501. Simkhada, P.P., et al. 2010. Health and medical research in Nepal: A bibliometric review. Asia Pac J Public Health. 22(4):492–500. 4502. Taylor, C.E. 1951. Medical pioneering in Nepal. Journal of the Christian Medical Association of India. 26(1):1–6.

Netherlands 4503. Ackerknecht, E.H. 1971. Holland in the 17th century: Medical and cultural history. Gesnerus. 28(1):1–6.

Netherlands

4504. De Moulin, D. 2012. A History of Surgery: With Emphasis on the Netherlands. Springer Science & Business Media. 4505. Gaakeer, M.I., et al. 2012. Emergency medicine in the Netherlands: A short history provides a solid basis for future challenges. Eur J Emerg Med. 19(3):131–135. 4506. Gmelig-Meyling, F.H.J., et al. 2014. 50 years of Dutch immunology: Founders, institutions, highlights. Immunol Lett. 162(2)Part B:85–94. 4507. Huisman, F. 1999. Shaping the medical market: On the construction of quackery and folk medicine in Dutch historiography. Med Hist. 43(3):359–375. 4508. Jaap Bonjer, H. and Bruining, H.A. 1999. Surgery in the Netherlands. Arch Surg. 134(1):92–98. 4509. Janssens, J. 1987. History of the Dutch Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 131(37):1628–1631. [Dutch] 4510. Koumans, F.P. 1954. Medical libraries in the Netherlands. Bull Med Lib Assoc. 42(2):155–157. 4511. Kroneman, M., et al. 2016. Netherlands: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 18(2). 4512. Lindeboom, G.A. and Ham, A.A.G. 1975. A Classified Bibliography of the History of Dutch Medicine 1900–1974. The Hauge: Martinus Nijhoff. 4513. Miyasita, S. 1975. A bibliography of the Dutch medical books translated into Japanese. Arch Int Hist Sci (Paris). 25(96):8– 72. 4514. Peek, W.J. 1998. History of rehabilitation medicine as a specialty in the Netherlands. Acta Fisiátrica. 5(3):170–172. 4515. Ritsema van Eck, C.R. 1969. History of anesthesia in the Netherlands. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 113(40):1763–1768. [Dutch] 4516. Scholer, A.J., et al. 2018. Herman Boerhaave, the Dutch Hippocrates: A forgotten farther of medicine. Am Surg. 84(3):323–325. 4517. Unknown Author. 1989. History of sports medicine in the Netherlands. Br J Sp Med. 23(4):219–221. 4518. Urdang, G. 1949. History of pharmacy in Holland. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 4(3):334.

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4519. van Mil, J.W. and Tromp, T.F. 1996. Pharmaceutical care in the Netherlands: History, definition and projects. Pharm World Sci. 18(6):237–240. 4520. van Praag, H.M. 1975. A bibliography of papers on psychopharmacology by Dutch authors. Psychopharmacol Bull. 11(2):71–73. 4521. Van Wulfften Palthe PM, De. 1954. The history of aviation medicine in the Netherlands. Aeromed Acta. 3:17–23. [Dutch] 4522. Westerveld, H.E., et al. 2005. Dutch medical oath. Netherlands J Med. 63(9):368–371. 4523. Zeeman, W. 1957. The history of ophthalmology in the Netherlands. Ophthalmologica. 134(S):100–119. [German]

New Zealand

4524. Belgrave, M. 1988. A subtle containment: Women in New Zealand medicine, 1893–1941. New Zealand Journal of History. 22(1):44–55. 4525. Brooking, T.W.H. 1980. A History of Dentistry in New Zealand. Auckland: NZDA. 4526. Dow, D.A. 1994. Annotated Bibliography for the History of Medicine and Health in New Zealand. Dunedin: University of Otago. 4527. Gage, J.D. and Hornblow, A.R. 2007. Development of the New Zealand nursing workforce: Historical themes and current challenges. Nurs Inq. 14(4):330–334. 4528. Kirkwood, B. 1978. The future of New Zealand medicine. NZ Nurs Forum. 6(2):13–15. 4529. Porritt, A. 1967. The history of medicine in New Zealand. Med Hist. 11(4):334–344. 4530. Wright-St Clair, R.E. 1975. The historical background of New Zealand Medicine. NZ Med J. 81(533):181–184.

Nicaragua

4531. Appel, T.C. 1977. The Curandero and the Sukya: Native healers in Nicaragua. Med Anthropol Newsl. 8(2):16–19.

Nigeria

4532. Galiano, S. 1975. Brief history of nursing in Nicaragua. Int J Nurs Stud. 12(4):223–229. 4533. Halperin, D.C. and Garfield, R. 1982. Developments in health care in Nicaragua. N Engl J Med. 307(6):388–392. 4534. Lefton, D. Nicaragua: Health care under the Sandinistas. CMAJ. 130:781–784. 4535. Nelson, H. and Nelson, G. 1990. Health and medicine in Nicaragua. Hosp Pract. 25(2):109–119. 4536. Petrack, E.M. 1984. Health care in Nicaragua: A social and historical perspective. NY State J Med. 84(10):523–525. 4537. Viesca, A.S. 1995. A vision for Nicaragua: Health services in the new century. Futures. 27(9–10):985–991.

Niger

4538. McWilliam, J.O. 1843. Medical History of the Expedition to the Niger During the Years 1841–2: Comprising an Account of the Fever which Led to Its Abrupt Termination. London: John Churchill. 4539. Moussa, F. and Sékou, H. 1997. Hygiene, safety and occupational medicine in Niger. Sante. 7(5):335–337. [French] 4540. Petersen, P.E. and Kaka, M. 1999. Oral health status of children and adults in the Republic of Niger, Africa. Int Dent J. 49(3):159–164.

Nigeria 4541. Adeloye, A. 1974. Some early Nigerian doctors and their contribution to modern medicine in Western Africa. Med Hist. 18:275–293. 4542. Adeloye, A. 1985. African Pioneers of Modern Medicine. Nigerian Doctors of the 19th Century. Ibadan, Oyo State: Ibadan University Press. 4543. Adeloye, A. 2015. History of Medical Practice in Nigeria. Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria: Stirling-Holden Publishers Ltd.

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4544. Ahmed, M.H. 1990. The historical development of western psychiatric practice in northern Nigeria--an uphill struggle. West Afr J Med. 9(4):311–316. 4545. Akhigbe, F. 1992. Health literature and bibliographic control in Nigeria. World Health Forum. 13(2–3):202–203. 4546. Badejo, O., et al. 2020. Confronting power in low places: Historical analysis of medical dominance and role-boundary negotiation between health professions in Nigeria. BMC Glob Health. 5:e003349 4547. Cannon, D.A. 1954. The development of medical library facilities in Nigeria. Libri. 3(Jahresband):184–187. 4548. Duke, E.O. 1967. History of nursing in Nigeria. Aust Nurses J. 65(2):34–36. 4549. Schram, R. 1971. A History of the Nigerian Health Services. Ibadan, Oyo State: Ibadan University Press. 4550. Scott-Emuakpor, A. 2010. The evolution of health care systems in Nigeria: Which way forward in the 21st century. Nigerian Med J. 51(2):53–65. 4551. Whelan, P.J. 1959. First impressions of medicine in Nigeria. J Ir Med Assoc. 44(259):21–22.

Nordic and Scandinavia Region 4552. Asdal, K. and Gradmann, C. 2014. Introduction: Science, technology, medicine and the state: The science-state nexus in Scandinavia, 1850–1980. Sci Context. 27(2):177–186. 4553. Folkow, B. Jubilee lecture. History of physiology in Scandinavia. Acta Physiol Scand. 138(1):5–12. 4554. Håkansson, A., et al. 1995. Trends and traditions in Scandinavian general medicine. Nord Med. 110(11):287– 289, 291. 4555. Hanssen, B., et al. 2005. Use of complementary and alternative medicine in the Scandinavian countries. Scand J Prim Health Care. 23(1):57–62. 4556. Harvald, B. and Lynge, I. 2003. The Nordic council for arctic medical research. History, aims, and achievements. Int J Circumpolar Health. 62(1):94–109.

Norway

4557. Jääskeläinen, M. 1985. The historical development of psychology in Scandinavia: A study on the history of science. Rev Hist Psicol. 6(3):191–211. 4558. Kurland, L. and Graham, C.A. 2014. Emergency medicine development in the Nordic countries. Eur J Emerg Med. 21(3):163. 4559. Lindahl, B.I. 1985. Philosophy of medicine in Scandinavia. Theor Med. 6(1):65–84. 4560. Moore, W.D. and Moore, J.W. 1871. Report on Scandinavian medicine. Chronicle of Medical Science. 48(95):266–282. 4561. Retterstol, N. 1973. The history of psychiatry in Scandinavia up to the year 1900. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 93(7):429–433. [Swedish] 4562. von Knorring, L. 2012. History of the Nordic psychiatric cooperation. Nord J Psychiatry. 66(S1):54–60.

Norway

4563. Fyrand, O. and Granholt, A. 1994. The history of venereology in Norway. Genitourin Med. 70(3):215–217. 4564. Hvardal, M. 1954. Medical libraries in Norway a short survey. Libri. 3(Jahresband):178–182. 4565. Ingstad, B. 1993. Medical anthropology in Norway: Historical development and current issues. Med Anthropol Q. 7(2):208– 216. 4566. Jordåen, R. Health Buildings in Norway: A Historical Overview. Oslo: Health Department. 4567. Larsen, I. and Olsen, B.O. (Eds.). 1996. The Shaping of a Profession: Physicians in Norway, Past and Present. New York: Science History Publications. 4568. Larsen, O. 1968. History of the medical education in Norway, 1814–1940. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 24:2233–2239. [Norwegian] 4569. Reichborn-Kjennerud, I. 1936. Medisinens historic I Norge. Oslo: Grondal. 4570. Ringard, A., et al. 2013. Norway: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 15(8).

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4571. Schiøtz, A. and Skaret, M. 2003. Folkets helse—landets styrke 1850–2003. Vol. 2. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget. [Norwegian] 4572. Seip, M. 1991. Pediatric hematology and oncology in Norway: A brief historical review. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 8(4):313– 321. 4573. Seip, M., et al. 1993. 100 years of pediatrics in Norway. The history up to 1950. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 113(3):343–349. [Norwegian] 4574. Søreide, K., et al. 2008. Surgery in Norway: Beyond the scalpel in the 21st century. Arch Surg. 143(10):1011–1016.

Oceania and Pacific Region

4575. Horwood, P.F., et al. Health challenges of the Pacific region: Insights from history, geography, social determinants, genetics, and the microbiome. Front Immunol. 10:2184. 4576. Kline, K., et al. 2013. Neglected tropical diseases of Oceania: Review of their prevalence, distribution, and opportunities for control. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 7(1):e1755. 4577. Merlin, M.D. 2000. A history of ethnobotany in remote Oceania. Pacific Science. 54(3):275–287. 4578. Round, W.H., et al. 2015. Brief histories of medical physics in Asia-Oceania. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med. DOI 10.1007/ s13246-015-0342-9.

Oman

4579. Al-Azri, N.H. 2009. Emergency medicine in Oman: Current status and future challenges. Int J Emerg Med. 2(4):199–203. 4580. Al-Azri, N.H. 2011. Sent to explore, conquer and heal history of the evolution of biomedicine in Oman during the 19th century. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 11(2):187–195. 4581. Al-Shafaee, M. 2009. Family medicine practice in Oman: Present and future. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 9(2):116. 4582. Alshishtawy, M.M. 2010. Four decades of progress: Evolution of the health system in Oman. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 10(1):12–22.

Pakistan

4583. Al-Zadjali, M., et al. 2015. Palliat care nursing in Oman: Moving towards Palliat care nursing. J Palliat Care Med. S5:003. 4584. Divakar, M.C., et al. 2016. The practice of ethnomedicine in the Northern and Southern provinces of Oman. Oman Med J. 31(4):245–252. 4585. Grant, C.S. and Al-Kindy, N. 2005. Surgery in Oman. Arch Surg. 140(1):21–25. 4586. Jessop, E. 1979. Desert medicine in Oman. BMJ. 2(6201):1352– 1353. 4587. Shenoy, R., et al. 2009. Traditional medicine in Oman: Its role in ophthalmology. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 16(2):92–96.

Pakistan

4588. Ata-ur-Rahim, M. 1980. Medical literature on Pakistan from 1840–1947. J Pak Med Assoc. 30(12):281–282. 4589. Gadit, A.A. 2007. Psychiatry in Pakistan: 1947–2006: A new balance sheet. J Pak Med Assoc. 57(9):453–463. 4590. Hussain, I. 2004. History of dermatology in Pakistan. J Pak Assoc Dermatol. 14:172–183. 4591. Hyder, A.A. and Nadeem, S. 2001. Health ethics in Pakistan: A literature review of its present state. J Health Popul Nutr. 19(1):6–11. 4592. Rahim, M.A. 1980. Medical literature on Pakistan from 1840– 1947: A bibliography. J Pak Med Assoc. 30(10):234–236. 4593. Talati, J.J. and Pappas, G. 2006. Migration, medical education, and health care: A view from Pakistan. Acad Med. 81(12):S55– S62. 4594. Ur-Rehman, M., et al. 2012. History of paediatrics in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences. 6(3). 4595. Yousaf, F. 1997. Psychiatry in Pakistan. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 43(4):298–302. 4596. Zuberi, R.W. 1993. Family medicine: A brief review of its history and concepts and its relevance to Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 43(5).

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Palau 4597. Duerler, T.S. and Maskarinec, G.G. 2007. Public health in the Republic of Palau: What we can learn from a small island country. Pacific Health Dialog. 14(1):182–187. 4598. Fernandes, R., et al. 2013. Aging and caregiving in the Republic of Palau. J Cross Cult Gerontol. 28(2):167–180. 4599. Jensen, G.D. and Polloi, A.H. 1988. The very old of Palau: Health and mental state. Age Ageing. 17(4):220–226. 4600. Person, D.A. 2005. The Republic of Palau and the Pacific Island Health Care Project (PIHCP). Pac Health Dialog. 12(1):132– 140. 4601. Pierantozzi, S.S. 2005. Status of public health in the Republic of Palau. Pac Health Dialog. 12(1):11–13.

Palestine, State of

4602. Daher-Nashif, S. 2017. Historical and present-day practices of forensic medicine in Palestine: Body, society, and science. Jerusalem Quarterly . 70:75–95. 4603. Goldwasser, M. 1948. Medical care in Palestine as observed on a recent visit. Ann West Med Surg. 2(8):368–372. 4604. Kerr Winter, B., et al. 2015. Medical education in Palestine. Med Teach. 37(2):125–130. 4605. Orr-Ewing, H.J. 1934. Medical practice in Palestine. Bristol Med Chir J. 51(193):163–172. 4606. Pfingst, A. and Rosengarten, M. 2012. Medicine as a tactic of war: Palestinian precarity. Body &Society. 18(3–4):99–125. 4607. Seir, R.A. and Najjar, O. 2018. Laboratory medicine in Palestine. EJIFCC. 29(4):248–252. 4608. Ziadat, A.A. 1993. Western medicine in Palestine, 1860–1940: The Edinburgh Medical Missionary Society and its hospital. Can Bull Med Hist. 10(2):269–279.

Panama 4609. Barrios, L.S. and Alegre, R.A. 2003. Surgery in Panama. Arch Surg. 138:105–107.

Paraguay

4610. Buel, W.P. 1859. Notes on the medical topography, climate, and diseases of Panama. Am J Med Sci. 37(73):131. 4611. Guardia, C.A. 1983. Public health and sanitation in the Panama Canal Zone: A historical account, 1880–1915. Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 95(1):62–73. [Spanish] 4612. Minton, R., et al. 1954. Fifty years of American medicine on the isthmus of Panama. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 3(6):951–963. 4613. Mitchell, R.E. 1950. Notes on medical history of the Panama canal. New Orleans Med Surg J. 103(2):87–91. 4614. Pachar, J.V. and Crooks, D.A. 1993. Forensic medicine in Panama. Med Sci Law. 33:115. 4615. Sandiford, P. and Salvetto, M. 2002. Health inequalities in Panama. Gac Sanit. 16(1):70–81. [English Abstract/Spanish] 4616. Ziperman, H.H. 1973. A medical history of the Panama Canal. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 137(1):104–114.

Papua New Guinea (Former German Territories of Kaiser-Wilhelmsland, Bismarck Archipelago, and German Solomon Islands) 4617. Burton-Bradley, B.G. 1990. A History of Medicine in Papua New Guinea. North Sydney: Australian Medical Publishing Co. Ltd. 4618. Connell, J. 1997. Health in Papua New Guinea: A decline in development. Australian Geographical Studies. 35(3):271– 293. 4619. Denoon, D., et al. 2002. Public Health in Papua New Guinea: Medical Possibility and Social Constraint, 1884–1984. Cambridge University Press. 4620. Grundy, J., et al. 2019. Independent state of Papua New Guinea health system review. Health Systems in Transition. 9(1). 4621. Watters, D. 2011. Stitches in Time: Two Centuries of Surgery in Papua New Guinea. Xlibris Corporation.

Paraguay

4622. Boccia Paz, A. and Boccia Romañach, A. 2011. Historia de la medicina en el Paraguay. Asuncion: Servilibro. [Spanish]

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4623. Buongermini, G. 1941. Public health in Paraguay in the twentieth century. Boletín de la Oficina Sanitaria Panamericana. 20(12):1297–1299. 4624. Fischman, S.L. 1974. Oral health in the republic of Paraguay. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2(4):176–181. 4625. Galván, P. 2002. Technological development of health services in Paraguay. Mem Inst Investig Cienc Salud. 1(1):5–16. [English Abstract/Spanish] 4626. Vidal, G. 1945. Historical sketch of medicine in Paraguay. An Univ Nac Asuncion. 5:131–138. [Spanish]

Peru

4627. Corn, M. 1954. Medical history in Peru. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 9(1):117-c. 4628. Espejo, L. 1956. Peruvian medicine during the century 1856– 1956. An Fac Med Lima. 39(3):836–855. [Spanish] 4629. Goldman, L. and Sawyer, A.R. 1958. Ancient Peruvian medicine. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 13(1):10–14. 4630. Newson, L.A. 2017. Making Medicines in Early Colonial Lima, Peru: Apothecaries, Science and Society. Leiden: Brill. 4631. Paxton, J.A. and Cooper, D. 1989. Peruvian Folk Medicine: Its History, Applications and Implications. Ohio State University. 4632. Rocca, E.D. 1956. Historical review of surgery in Peru. An Fac Med Lima. 39(3):880–890. [Spanish] 4633. Unknown Author. 1951. History of medicine in Peru. Rev Sanid Mil Peru. 24(64):188–202. 4634. Warren, A. 2010. Medicine and Politics in Colonial Peru: Population Growth and the Bourbon Reforms. University of Pittsburgh Press.

Philippines

4635. Bantung, J.P. 1953. A Short History of Medicine in the Philippines During the Spanish Regime, 1565–1898. Manila: Colegio Médico-Famacéutico de Filipinas.

Poland

4636. Barrenechea, E. 2013. History of nuclear medicine in the Philippines. World J Nuclear Med. 12(4):182. 4637. Calderón, F. 1914. Some data concerning the medical geography of the Philippines. Philippine Journal of Science. 9(3):199–218. 4638. Dalton, J.A. 1983. The beginning of clinical pastoral care in the Philippines. J Pastoral Care. 37(2):86–89. 4639. De Ocampo, G. 1959. A history of Philippine ophthalmology. Journal of Philippine Medicine. 35:827–839. 4640. Licuanan, P.B. 1985. Psychology in the Philippines: History and current trends. Philippine Studies. 33(1):67–86. 4641. Limson, A.A., et al. 1999. Surgery in the Philippines. Arch Surg. 134(3):323–327. 4642. Maguigad, L.C. 1964. Psychiatry in the Philippines. Am J Psychiatry. 121(1):21–25. 4643. Salcedo, J., Jr. 1953. Philippine medicine in the last fifty years. J Philipp Med Assoc. 29(10):535–537. 4644. Valdes, B.J. 1960. The history and progress of surgery in the Philippines. Philipp J Surg Surg Spec. 15:14–19.

Poland

4645. Aleksandrowicz, J. 1956. Historical sketch of the development of hematology in Poland. Postepy Wiedzy Medycznej. 3(4):343. [Polish] 4646. Bukowczyk, A. 1969. Historical survey and various scientific directions of Polish psychiatry. Cesk Psychiatr. 65(1):64–69. [Czech] 4647. Herman, E. 1961. History and development of neurology in Poland. World Neurol. 2:78–84. 4648. Hornicky, P. 1960. A brief historical review of the development of orthopedics in Poland. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 27:105–108. 4649. Koszarowski, T. 1973. Development of oncology in Poland in the years 1932–1944 and 1948–1973. Historical outline on the occasion of the anniversary of the activities of Marie

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Sklodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology in the Polish People’s Republic. Nowotwory. 23(1):1–5. [Polish] 4650. Matousek, M. 1957. Development of the history of medicine in Poland before 1938. Cas Lek Cesk. 96(50):1556–1558. [Czech] 4651. Noszczyk, W. 1986. The heritage of 19th century surgery in Warsaw. Polski Tygodnik Lekarski. 41(38):1220–1224. [Polish] 4652. Sowada, C., et al. 2019. Poland: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 21(1):1–234. 4653. Stopa, Z. 1955. History of pharmacopeias in Poland. Farm Pol. 11(3):59–62. [Polish] 4654. Szmeja, Z. and Wierzbicka, M. 2005. Otolaryngology (ORL) at the turn of the 19th century in Poland: An historical review. J Laryngol Otol. (30):73–75. 4655. Vesolovskii, S.K. 1956. History of the development of urology in Poland. Urol Mosc. 21(3):53–56. [Russian]

Polynesia

4656. Capstick, S., et al. 2009. Relationships between health and culture in Polynesia: A review. Soc Sci Med. 68(7):1341–1348. 4657. King, S. 1983. Kahuna Healing: Holistic Health and Healing Practices of Polynesia. Quest Books. 4658. Morrison, T. 1976. A review of Polynesian health. Nurs Forum (Auckl). 4(2):13–16. 4659. Robin, B. 1965. Medicine and Polynesia. Concours Med. 87(33):4920–4922. [French]

Portugal

4660. Amaral, I. 2008. The emergence of tropical medicine in Portugal: The school of tropical medicine and the colonial hospital of Lisbon (1902–1935). Dynamis. 28:301–328. 4661. Botelho Lda, S. 1988. History of endocrinology in Portugal. Acta Med Port. 1(2):181–185. [Portuguese]

Puerto Rico

4662. Boyd, J. 1876. Portuguese medical literature. Edinburgh Medical Journal. 22(4):302–308. 4663. Cagle, H. 2018. Assembling the Tropics: Science and Medicine in Portugal’s Empire, 1450–1700. Cambridge University Press. 4664. Ferreira De Mira, M.B. 1947. História da medicina Portuguesa. Lisbon: Empresa Nacional de Publicidade. [Portuguese] 4665. Lemos, M. 1899. História da medicina em Portugal. 2 vols. Lisbon: M. Gomes. [Portuguese] 4666. Lopes, C. 1957. Portuguese bibliography on legal medicine: 1922–1956. Gazeta Medica Portuguesa. 10(2):226–230. [Portuguese] 4667. Martins, P. 2018. Medicine in Portugal from 12th to 16th century. International Journal of Current Research. 10(1):64285–64286. 4668. Serrano, E.1996. Evolution and history of pharmacy in Portugal. Rev Hist Pharm (Paris). 44(S312):227–233. [French] 4669. Sousa, G de. 2013. História da medicina Portuguesa durante a expansão. Lisbon: Temas e Debates. [Portuguese]

Puerto Rico

4670. Costa Manrdy, O. 1962. Notes for the history of medicine in Puerto Rico. I. The evolution of public health in Puerto Rico. Bol Asoc Med PR. 54:159–167. [Spanish] 4671. Costa Mandry, O. 1962. Notes for the history of medicine in Puerto Rico. II. History of pathology in Puerto Rico. Bol Asoc Med PR. 54:196–208. [Spanish] 4672. Costa Mandry, O. 1963. Notes for the history of medicine in Puerto Rico III. Pioneers in preventive medicine. William Fontaine. Bol Asoc Med PR. 55:190–194. [Spanish] 4673. Flax, H.J. 1990. History of Physiatry in Puerto Rico from 1940 to 1973. Bol Asoc Med PR. 82(12):531–537. [Spanish] 4674. Grillo-López, A.J. 1998. History of transplants in Puerto Rico. Bol Asoc Med PR. 90(1–3):52. [Spanish] 4675. Hernández, P.H. 1979. Brief history of dentistry in Puerto Rico. Rev Odontol PR. 17(1):2–15. [Spanish]

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4676. Rodríguez, E.V. 2003. Notes for the history of pediatrics in Puerto Rico. Bol Asoc Med PR. 95(1):42–44. [Spanish] 4677. Rodríguez, E.V. 2003. The history of surgery in Puerto Rico. Bol Asoc Med PR. 95(2):38–45. [Spanish] 4678. Rullán, A. 2000. History of otolaryngology in Puerto Rico: 1898–1989 (Part 1). Bol Asoc Med PR. 92(9–12):97–100. 4679. Sifontes, J.E. and Asenjo, C. 1968. Historical note. School of medicine in Puerto Rico. Bol Asoc Med PR. 60(11):569–589. 4680. Yordan Rivera, R.A. 2004. Ophthalmology in Puerto Rico: Historical notes. Bol Assoc Med PR. 96(2):113–116, 119–121. [Spanish]

Qatar

4681. AlRawi, S.N., et al. 2017. Traditional Arabic and Islamic medicine: Validation and empirical assessment of a conceptual model in Qatar. BMC Comp Alt Med. 17(1):1–10. 4682. Chouchane, L., et al. 2011. Medical education and research environment in Qatar: A new epoch for translational research in the Middle East. J Transl Med. 9:16. 4683. Goodman, A. 2015. The development of the Qatar healthcare system: A review of the literature. Int J Clin Med. 6:177–185. 4684. Gotting, F.J. 1995. History of medicine in Qatar. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. 4685. Marincola, F.M. and Sheikh, J.I. 2012. A road map to translational medicine in Qatar and a model for the world. J Transl Med. 10:177.

Republic of Korea (South Korea) 4686. Bae, C.W. 2016. The history of neonatology in Korea. J Kor Med Assoc. 59(7):490–497. [English abstract/Korean] 4687. Borman, N.H. (Re-edited by Kim, C-H.) 1966. The history of ancient Korean medicine. Yonsei Med J. 7:103–118. 4688. Bowman, N.H. 1915. The history of Korean medicine. Transactions of the Korean Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 6(1):1–34.

Romania

4689. Cha, S. 1978. Korean heritage in medicine, a glimpse of history. Yonsei Med J. 19(1):75–84. 4690. Chun, C.B., et al. 2009. Republic of Korea: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 11(7). 4691. Chun, S. and Yeh, B. 1999. One hundred years of surgery in Korea. Korean J Med Hist. 8(2):147–156. [English Abstract/ Korean] 4692. Jeong, W.Y. 1998. The brief history of Korean traditional medicine (1899–1999). Korean J Med Hist. 8(2):169–186. [Korean] 4693. Lee, H.Y. 2004. Past, present and future of Korean psychiatry. Psychiatr Investig. 1:13–19. 4694. Lee, J.C. and Kee, C.D. 1996. The rise of western medicine and the decline of traditional medicine in Korea, 1876–1910. Korean J Med Hist. 5(1):1–10. 4695. Lee, K.Y. 1962. Medical history of proctology in Korea. Nihon Chokucho Komonbyo. 17:57–59. [Japanese] 4696. Son, A.H. 1998. Modernization of the system of traditional Korean medicine 1876–1990. Health Policy. 44(3):261–281. 4697. Yunjae, P. 2020. Trends and prospects of studies on the modern history of medicine in Korea: The rise of socio-historical perspective and the decline of nationalist dichotomy. Korean J Med Hist. 29:425–463.

Romania 4698. Baran, D. 2013. A translational history of nephrology in Romania: East-West feedback relationships. J Nephrol. 26(S22):159–163. 4699. Barbu, G. 1957. Development of research in medical history in the Popular Republic of Rumania. Scalpel (Brux). 110(14):323–326. [French] 4700. Ciufecu, C., et al. 1993. Moments in the history of Romanian epidemiology. Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol. 38(1– 2):3–7. [Romanian] 4701. Deac, R. 2010. The history of the organ transplantation in Romania. Chirurgia (Bucur). 105(5):597–602.

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4702. Ghenghea, M-C. 2020. Medicine on paper. The first Romanian medical journals and their founders. The Romanian Journal of Modern History. 1–2:5–18. 4703. Haliţa, M. 1980. 5 decades after the affirmation of Romanian medicine. Rev Med Interna Neurol Psihiatr Neurochir Dermatovenerol Med Interna. 32(2):189–192. [Romanian] 4704. Mihalas, G.I. and Stoicu-Tivadar, L. 2018. History of Romanian Medical Informatics: Learning from the Past to Reshape the Future. Yearb Med Inform. 27(1):243–251. 4705. Rusu, V. 1996. Moments, periods and stages in the life of the first Romanian medical journal. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 100(1–2):19–22. [Romanian] 4706. Târcoveanu, E. and Chiriac, I. 2000. History of Romanian surgery. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 104(3):159–165. [Romanian] 4707. Vladescu, C., et al. 2016. Romania: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 18(4):1–170.

Russia 4708. Bardos, A. 1955. Historical development and characteristics of the soviet gynecology and obstetrics. Bratisl Lek Listy. 35(4):231–236. [Czech] 4709. Brozek, J. 1973. Soviet historiography of psychology: Sources of biographic and bibliographic information. J Hist Behav Sci. 9(2):152–161. 4710. Gordon, B.L. 1957. Roots of Russian medicine. Journal of the Medical Society of New Jersey. 54(2):79–84. 4711. Huard, P. and Wong, M. 1965. Structure of Russian medicine during the age of the enlightenment. Concours Med. 87:125– 134. [French] 4712. Oborin, N.A. 1961. On serious errors in historiography of Russian medicine. Sov Zdravookhr. 20(12):64–67. [Russian] 4713. Petrov, N.N. 1946. History of Russian oncology. Vrach Delo. (5):279–282. [Undetermined] 4714. Petrov, V.I., et al. 2016. Development of clinical pharmacology in the Russian Federation. Clin Ther. 38(5):1218–1226.

Saint Kitts and Nevis

4715. Popovich, L., et al. 2011. Russian Federation: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 13(7). 4716. Rossiski, D.M. 1947. The study of the history of medicine in Russia: An historical outline. Bull Hist Med. 21(6):959–965. 4717. Unknown Author. 1862. History of medicine in Russia. British Foreign Medico-Chirurgical Review. 30(60):285–305. 4718. U.S. Department of the Army, Surgeon General. 1957. Initial Bibliography of Soviet Military Medicine 1917–1950. Washington, D.C.: Medical Information and Intelligence Agency. 4719. Zagorodnikova (Goryachkina), K., et al. 2014. Clinical pharmacology in Russia: Historical development and current state. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 71:159–163. 4720. Zguta, R. 1980. Early Russian medicine: Potential sources and directions of research. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 35(2):203–214.

Rwanda

4721. Bizimungu, C. 1985. The interface of traditional medicine with conventional medicine and primary health care. Imbonezamuryango. 1(4):52–67. [French] 4722. Cornet, A. 2009. Medical policies, state and religious missions in Rwanda (1920–1940). An authoritative design of colonial medicine? Studium (Rotterdam). 2(2):105–115. [Dutch] 4723. Gotanegre, J.F. 1977. Medical geography of Rwanda. Etudes Rwandaises. 10(3):19–31. [French] 4724. Iyer, H.S., et al. 2018. A comparison of health achievements in Rwanda and Burundi. Health Hum Rights. 20(1):199–211. 4725. Martin, R.F., et al. 2017. The history and evolution of anesthetic care in Rwanda. J Anesth Hist. 3(1):5–11.

Saint Kitts and Nevis

4726. Pan American Health Organization. 2008. Health Systems Profile: St. Kitts and Nevis. Washington, D.C.

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4727. Sebastian, C.M. 2001. St. Kitts: One Hundred Years of Medicine: The Historical, Cultural and Socio-economic Background in which Medicine was Practiced in St. Kitts During the Past One Hundred Years. Basseterre, St. Kitts. Self-Published.

Saint Lucia

4728. Francis, K.A., et al. 2018. Mental healthcare in Saint Lucia. BJPsych. 15(1):14–16. 4729. Gaspard, J, and Yang, C.M. 2016. Training needs assessment of health care professionals in a developing country: The example of Saint Lucia. BMC Med Educ. 16(1):1–6. 4730. Holden, K., et al. 2016. Reducing health disparities and improving health equity in Saint Lucia. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 13(1):37. 4731. Hsu, C. 2001. Making midwives: Postmodern conditions and midwifery training in Saint Lucia. Med Anthropol. 20(4):313– 344. 4732. Pan American Health Organization. 2008. Health Systems Profile: Saint Lucia. Washington, D.C.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

4733. Boros, M.J. 2003. Emergency medical services in St. Vincent and the Grenadines. Prehosp Emerg Care. 7(4):477–481. 4734. USAID. 2012. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Health System and Private Sector Assessment. Washington, D.C.

Samoa

4735. Hamilton, A. 1998. Nineteenth Century French Missionaries and Fa’a Samoa. The Journal of Pacific History. 33(2):163– 177. 4736. Harris, D.N., et al. 2020. Evolutionary history of modern Samoans. PNAS. 117(17):9458–9465. 4737. Macpherson, C. and Macpherson, L. 1990. Samoan Medical Belief and Practice. Auckland University Press.

Saudi Arabia

San Marino 4738. Cetani, T. 2002. Health Care Systems in Transition: San Marino. European Observatory on Health Care Systems.

Sao Tome and Principe

4739. Jobbitt, R. 2016. Medical practitioners and the colonial project: Medicine, public hygiene, and the contested recolonization of Sao Tome and Principe, 1850–1926. Doctoral Dissertation, York University. 4740. World Health Organization. 2015. Country Cooperation Strategy at a Glance: Sao Tome and Principe. Geneva.

Saudi Arabia

4741. Al Sayyari, A.A. 2008. The history of renal transplantation in the Arab world: A view from Saudi Arabia. Am J Kidney Dis. 51(6):1033–1046. 4742. Al-Shehri, A.M. 2004. Family and community medicine in Saudi Arabia: Development and future. Saudi Med J. 25(10):1328–1330. 4743. Brown, G. 2005. An up close and personal look at Saudi Arabia (Jeddah and Riyadh): History, culture, and health care. ABNF J. 16(4):83–86. 4744. Dubovsky, S.L. 1983. Psychiatry in Saudi Arabia. Am J Psychiatry. 140(11):1455–1459. 4745. El-Bushra, El-Sayed. 1989. Health care pattern and planning in Saudi Arabia. GeoJournal. 18(4):361–368. 4746. Khattab, E., et al. 2019. Emergency medicine in Saudi Arabia: A century of progress and a bright vision for the future. Int J Emerg Med. 12:16. 4747. Miller-Rosser, K., et al. 2006. Historical, cultural, and contemporary influences on the status of women in nursing in Saudi Arabia. Online J Issues Nurs. 11(3):8. 4748. Nixon, A. 2003. Palliative care in Saudi Arabia: A brief history. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother. 17(3–4):45–52.

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4749. Sebai, Z.A., et al. 2001. Health care services in Saudi Arabia: Past, present, and future. J Fam Comm Med. 8(3):19–23.

Senegal

4750. Dieng, F. 1969. Exercise of the medical profession in Senegal. Bull Soc Med Afr Noire Lang Fr. 14(1):21–33. [French] 4751. Echenberg, M. 2001. Black Death, White Medicine: Bubonic Plague and the Politics of Public Health in Colonial Senegal, 1914–1945. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann & Cape Town. 4752. Fassin, D. and Fassin, E. 1988. Traditional medicine and the stakes of legitimation in Senegal. Soc Sci Med. 27(4):353–357. 4753. Gueye, P., et al. 2011. Medical physics in Senegal: Status and prospects. Med Phys. 38(6Part31):3803–3803. 4754. Ngalamulume, K. 2021. ‘Pestilential Emanations’, Medical knowledge, and stigmatisation in Saint-Louis, Senegal, 1854– 1920. eTropic. 20(1):226–246. 4755. Sankale, M., et al. 1976. Examples of successful rural medical care: The Catholic private health stations in Senegal. Medecine d’Afrique Noire. 23(11):653–664. 4756. Selig, J. 1984. Dentistry and traditional medicine in Senegal. Odontostomatol Trop. 7(1):17–28.

Serbia 4757. Belkić, K. and Nedić, O. 2014. Occupational medicine--then and now: Where we could go from here. Med Pregl. 67(5– 6):139–147. 4758. Bumbasirević, M., et al. 2005. History of orthopedic surgery in Belgrade: 100 years of orthopedics in Serbia, 1905– 2005. Acta Chir Iugosl. 52(2):9–13. 4759. Ignjatović, M. 2003. The beginnings of medicine, surgery and military surgery in Serbia in prehistory and ancient times. Vojnosanit Pregl. 60(1):105–110. [Serbian] 4760. Jeremic, R. 1950. History of medicine in Serbia from the 13th to the 19th century. Nar Zdrav. 6(7–8):233–237.

Sierra Leone

4761. Katić, R.V. 1984. Additional terminology in medieval Serbian medicine. Srp Arh Celok Lek. 112(3):373–393. [Serbian] 4762. Milovanović, S., et al. 2009. The historical development of psychiatry in Serbia. Psychiatr Danub. 21(2):156–165. 4763. Pavlović, B.B. 1990. The foundations of Serbian medical historiography. Srp Arh Celok Lek. 118(9–10):415–419. [Serbian] 4764. Simić, J.J. 2006. Serbian medical society’s museum of Serbian medicine. Acta Med Hist Adriat. 4(2):323–330. 4765. Stanojevic, V. 1958. Sabac and Podrinje and their role in history of Serbian medicine in the 19th century. Srp Arh Celok Lek. 86(3):399–403.

Seychelles 4766. Shamlaye, C., et al. 2004. Health in Seychelles: An overview. Nursing. 201(308):422. 4767. Shamlaye, H. 1993. A brief history of the medical and dental profession in Seychelles. Seychelles Medical et Dental Journal. 1(1):14–16. 4768. Sullivan, F.M. and Shamlaye, C. 1992. Primary care in Seychelles. Trop Doct. 22(3):100–104.

Sierra Leone

4769. Cole, F. 2015. “Sanitation, disease and public health in Sierra Leone, West Africa, 1895–1922: Case failure of British colonial health policy. Journal of Imperial & Commonwealth History. 43(2):238–266. 4770. Robinson, C. 2019. Primary health care and family medicine in Sierra Leone. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 11(1):e1–e3. 4771. Wilks, L., et al. 2018. Medical officers in Sierra Leone: Surgical training opportunities, challenges and aspirations. J Surg Educ. 75(4):1028–1033. 4772. Woodward, A., et al. 2017. Reasons to pursue a career in medicine: A qualitative study in Sierra Leone. Glob Health Res Policy. 2:34.

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Singapore 4773. Cheah, J.S. 1997. History of medicine in Singapore. Singapore Med J. 38(6):273–274. 4774. Lee, Y.K. 1997. A brief introduction to the early history of surgery in Singapore (Part I). Singapore Med J. 38(6):275– 277. 4775. Lee, Y.K. 1997. A brief introduction to the early history of surgery in Singapore (Part II). Singapore Med J. 38(7):310– 312. 4776. Lee, Y.K. 1997. A brief introduction to the early history of surgery in Singapore (Part III). Singapore Med J. 38(8):353– 355. 4777. Lee, Y.K. 2006. The early history of pharmacy in Singapore. Singapore Med J. 47(5):436–443. 4778. Nadarajah, I. 1968. A brief early history of the hospital services, Singapore. Berita Jururawat. 8(2):33–39. 4779. Nadarajah, I. 1969. A brief early history of the hospital services. II. Further facts and figures.  Berita Jururawat. 9(1):49–55.

Slovakia 4780. Bárdos, A. 1968. The first outline of the history of Slovak obstetrics and gynecology. Cesk Gynekol. 33(10):747–754. [Slovak] 4781. Junas, J. 1981. History of psychiatry in Slovakia. Bratisl Lek Listy. 76(3):383–387. [Slovak] 4782. Ondruš, D. and Kaušitz, J. 2016. History of Oncology in Slovakia. Klin Onkol. 29(3):171–179. [Czech] 4783. Rippa, B.K. 1970 Oldest history of medicine in Slovakia. Cas Lek Cesk. 109(38):887–890. [Slovak] 4784. Smetana, M., et al. 2016. Slovakia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 18(6). 4785. Traubner, P., et al. 2002. From the history of neurology in Slovakia. Bratisl Lek Listy. 103(12):493–496. 4786. Velgos, S. 1976. History of dentistry and dental surgery in Slovakia. Cesk Stomatol. 76(2):147–150. [Slovak]

Solomon Islands

Slovenia 4787. Albreht, T., et al. 2016. Slovenia: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 18(3). 4788. Andolsek, L. 1994. History of medicine in Slovenia with a special regard to the Ljubljana School of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 55(1):3–5. 4789. Fischinger, J., et al. 2005. Historical development of otolaryngology (ORL) in Slovenia between 1880 and 1920. J Laryngol Otol. (30):95–98. 4790. Slavec, Z.Z. 1999. Dr Ivan Pintar and his contribution to the development of history of medicine in Slovenia. Croat Med J. 40:34–37. 4791. Slavec, Z.Z. 2017. A History of Healthcare and Medicine in the Slovene Lands. Part I: From Traditional to Modern Healthcare and Pharmacy. Ljubljana: Slovenska Matica. 4792. Slavec, Z.Z. 2018. A History of Healthcare and Medicine in the Slovene Lands. Part II: Surgery, Gynaecology and Obstetrics. Ljubljana: Slovenska Matica. 4793. Slavec, Z.Z. and Kocijancic, M. 1997. Brief history of medicine in Slovenia. Vesalius. 3(2):75–84.

Solomon Islands

4794. Brown, A.M. 2013. Auditing Solomon Islands’ health and medical governance. Clinical Governance. 18(3):200–209. 4795. James, C. 1941. Clinical medicine in the Solomon Islands. Med Press. 205(12):231–234. 4796. Natuzzi, E.S. 2010. Bullets, betel nut, and bacteria: Medicine in the Solomon Islands. Bull Am Coll Surg. 95(3):16–23. 4797. Redman-MacLaren, M.L., et al. 2010. We can move forward: Challenging historical inequity in public health research in Solomon Islands. Int J Equity Health. 9(1):1–9. 4798. Saddah, F., et al. 1996. South Pacific: Health in the Solomon Islands. NSW: Australian National University, Research School of Pacific & Asian Studies. 4799. World Health Organization. 2015. Solomon Islands Health System Review. Geneva.

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Somalia 4800. Antoniotto, A. 1984. Traditional medicine in Somalia-an anthropological approach to the concepts concerning disease. In Proceedings of the Second International Congress of Somali Studies. Vol. IV: Studies in humanities and natural sciences. Helmut Buske Verlag Hamburg. pp. 155–169. 4801. Elmi, A.S. 1980. Integration of herbal medicine with the modern medicine in Somalia: A review. Somali Range Bulletin. 9:24–29. 4802. Goracci, G. 1982. Traditional medicine in Somalia. Dent Cadmos. 50(2):41–46. [Italian] 4803. Mohamed, J. 1999. Epidemics and public health in early colonial Somaliland. Soc Sci Med. 48(4):507–521. 4804. Mohamed, J. 1999. Epidemics and public health in late colonial Somaliland. Northeast Afr Stud. 6(1–2):45–81.

South Africa

4805. Ahlswede, E. 1957. The present state of practical medicine in the Union of South Africa. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 82(1):42– 45. [German] 4806. Benatar, S.R. 1992. Academic medicine in South Africa: Past, present and future. Adler Museum Bulletin. 18(1):28–36. 4807. Bernstein, R.E. 1986. Medicine and health in early Johannesburg: The first 25 years (1886–1911). Adler Museum Bulletin. 12(3):24–33. 4808. Blumberg, C. 1985. History of medicine. The South African Medical Society, c. 1827–1846. S Afr Med J. 68(4):267–269. 4809. Burrows, E.H. 1958. A History of Medicine in South Africa up to the End of the Nineteenth Century. Cape Town: A.A. Balkema. 4810. Coovadia, H., et al. 2009. The health and health system of South Africa: Historical roots of current public health challenges. Lancet. 374(9692):817–834. 4811. Gelfand, M. and Laidler, P.W. 1971. South Africa: Its Medical History 1652–1898. Cape Town: C. Struik. 4812. Grundlingh, C.M. 1951. The practice of medicine in South Africa. S Afr Med J. 25(19):313–316.

South Sudan

4813. Jaques, P.H. and Fehrsen, G.S. 2007. A history of health care in South Africa until 1997. Adler Museum Bulletin. 33(1):4–18. 4814. Mabika, H. 2015. History of community health in Africa. The Swiss medical missionaries’ endeavour in South Africa. Gesnerus. 72(1):135–158. [French] 4815. Pick, W., et al. 2008. Poverty, health and policy: A historical look at the South African experience. J Public Health Policy. 29(2):165–178. 4816. Schmidt, H.J. 1958. A history of anaesthesia in South Africa. S Afr Med J. 32(9):244–251. 4817. Scott, F.P. 1977. The history of dermatology in South Africa. Int J Dermatol. 16(8):694–699. 4818. Walker, D.H. 1985. The history of plastic surgery in South Africa. Adler Museum Bulletin. 11(1):6–11.

South Sudan

4819. Green, A. 2012. Health care in South Sudan at a crossroads. Lancet. 379(9826):1578. 4820. Joseph, V.V. 2008. Public health and health policy in South Sudan. South Sudan Medical Journal. 1(1):26–33. 4821. Rajkota, Y., et al. 2007. Southern Sudan Health System Assessment. Bethesda, MD: Abt Associates. 4822. van Aarle, P.A. 1983. The status of veterinary medicine in South Sudan. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 108(4):148–152. [Dutch]

Spain

4823. Arruga, H. 1957. History of ophthalmology in Spain. Ophthalmologica. 134(S):7–12. 4824. Alvarez, R. 1991. The history of psychiatry in Spain. Hist Psychiatry. 2(7):303–313. 4825. Bernal-Delgado, E., et al. 2018. Spain: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 20(2). 4826. Carpintero, H., et al. 2010. Historiography of psychology in Spain: The last decade. Hist Psychol. 13(3):277.

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4827. Chinchilla Y Piqueras, A. ca. 1841. Historia de la medicina Española, 4 volumes. Valencia. [Spanish] 4828. Davidson, M. 1932. Notes on history of ophthalmology in Spain. Am J Ophthalmol. 15(11):1082–1084. 4829. de Micheli-Serra, A. 2001. Physicians and medicine in 16th century New Spain. Gac Med Mex. 137(3):257–264. [Spanish] 4830. de Micheli-Serra, A. 2003. Physicians and surgeons during the inquisition in New Spain. Gac Med Mex. 139(1):77–81. [Spanish] 4831. Escudé, N. and Acanfora, F. 2018. Music and medicine in Spain: History and new developments of a growing discipline. Music Med. 10(1):45–47. 4832. Fernandez-Ruiz, C. 1954. Brief history of gynecology in Spain based on Historia bibliográfica de la medicina of Dr. Hernández Morejón, 1842. Clinica y Laboratorio. 58(343):282–293. [Spanish] 4833. García, I. and Gozables Cravioto, E. 2013. Rise and development of the history of nursing in Spain. Enfermeria Global. 30:315–324. 4834. Garrison, F.H. 1931. An epitome of the history of Spanish medicine. Bull NY Acad Med. 7(8):589–634. 4835. Hernández Morejón, A. 1842–1852. Historia bibliográfica de la medicina Española (7 vols). Madrid: Carlos Bailly-Baillière. [Spanish] 4836. Huguet-Termes, T., et al. (Eds.). 2009. Health and Medicine in Hapsburg Spain: Agents, Practices, Representations. London: Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL. 4837. Hume, E.E. 1934. Spanish colonial medicine. Bull Inst Hist Med. 2(4):215–230. 4838. Moya, P.V. 2002. The medical history in Spain and its problems after the new laws. An R Acad Nac Med. 120(4):779–797. [Spanish] 4839. Ocaña, E.R. 2000. Social history of medicine in Spain. Points of departure and directions for research. Soc Hist Med. 13(3):495–513. 4840. Perelló, J. 1979. History of otorhinolaryngology in Spain. An Otorrinolaringol Ibero Am. 6(6):405–481. [Spanish]

Sri Lanka

4841. Price, R. 1979. Spanish medicine in the golden age. J R Soc Med. 72:864–874. 4842. Sanchez Granjel, L. 2004. Historical profile of Spanish medicine. An R Acad Nac Med. 121(2):345–355. 4843. Skaarup, B.O. 2015. Anatomy and Anatomists in Early Modern Spain. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. 4844. Valdecasas, F.G. 1975. History and highlights of Spanish pharmacology. Annu Rev Pharmacol. 15:435–461. 4845. Zaragoza, R., Jr. 1962. Medical aspects of early Spain in the ‘Natural History’ of Pliney. Med Esp. 48:415–423. [Spanish]

Sri Lanka

4846. Jayasekara, R.S. and McCutcheon, H. 2006. The history of nursing services and education in Sri Lanka and the effects on developing professionalism. J Nurs Educ. 45(10):391–395. 4847. Jayawardane, K.W. 1979. A bibliography of the history of medicine in Sri Lanka. Ceylon Med J. 24(3–4):71–78. 4848. Pieris, K. and Uragoda, C.G. 1980. A Bibliography of Medical Publications Relating to Sri Lanka, 1811–1976. Colombo: National Science Council of Sri Lanka, Social Science Research Centre. 4849. Ruwanpura, R.P. Vidanapathirana, M. 2018. Historical landmarks of the evolution of forensic medicine and comparative development of medico-legal services in Sri Lanka. Medico-Legal J Sri Lanka. 6(1). 4850. Uragoda, C.G. 1984. Some historical aspects of dermatology in Sri Lanka. Int J Dermatol. 23(1):78–80. 4851. Uragoda, C.G. 1987. A History of Medicine in Sri Lanka from the Earliest Times to 1948. Colombo: Sri Lanka Medical Association. 4852. Uragoda, C.G. 1991. History of teaching hospitals in Sri Lanka. General Hospital Colombo. Ceylon Med J. 36(1):27–32. 4853. Wood, C.A. 1926. Ayurvedic Medicine in Ancient and Medieval Ceylon. New York: Paul B. Hoeber. 4854. Ziegler, H. 1976. Views on the ancient history of medicine in Sri Lanka (Ceylon). Wien Med Wochenschr. 126(28–31):458– 465. [German]

343

344

Geographic Perspectives

Sudan 4855. Adeel, A.A. 2012. Robert Archibald: A pioneer of tropical medicine in the Sudan: “I feel my heart is in that country and my work too”: Archibald, writing about being away from the Sudan during the First World War. Sudan J Paediatr. 12(2):77–80. 4856. Adeel, A.A. 2013. A pioneer of tropical medicine worldwide: Andrew Balfour, of Khartoum. Sudan J Paediatr. 13(1):63–74. 4857. Ali Haseeb, M. 2013. An outline of the history of medical research institutes in the Sudan. Sudan J Paediatr. 13(2):103– 114. 4858. Bayoumi, A. 1974. The history and development of Sudan health services. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Khartoum. 4859. Bell, H. 1999. Frontiers of Medicine in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1899–1940. Oxford University Press. 4860. Charani, E., et al.2019. In transition: Current health challenges and priorities in Sudan. BMJ Glob Health. 4:e001723. 4861. Osman, A.A.A. 1973. Milestones in the history of surgical practice in the Sudan. Sudan Notes & Records. 54:139–152. 4862. Saeed, B.O. 1984. Traditional medicine in the Sudan. Biochem Educ. 12(1):37–39. 4863. Squires, H.C. 1958. The Sudan Medical Service: An Experiment in Social Medicine. London: William Heinemann Medical Books Ltd.

Suriname

4864. Antonius, R. 2001. The Historical Development of the Health System in Suriname. London: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. 4865. Davis, N.Z. 2016. Physicians, healers, and their remedies in colonial Suriname. Can Bull Med Hist. 33(1):3–34. [French Abstract/English] 4866. Eichler, R. 1999. Suriname: Health Sector Assessment. A report prepared for the Inter-American Development Bank.

Sweden

4867. van Andel, T. 2015. The reinvention of household medicine by enslaved Africans in Suriname. Soc Hist Med. 29(4):676–694.

Sweden

4868. Anell, A., et al. 2012. Sweden: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 14(5). 4869. Erikson, B. 1980. Nurse training in Sweden throughout history. Nord Medicinhist Arsb. 6(S):69–75. [Swedish] 4870. Gejrot, T. 1975. Döbelius and other south Swedish history of medicine. Lakartidningen. 72(9):841–843. [Swedish] 4871. Greitz, T. 1996. The history of Swedish neuroradiology. Acta Radiol. 37(3):455–471. 4872. Hedin, M. 1973. The earliest history of radiography in our country. Sven Tandlak Tidskr. 66(6):535–546. [Swedish] 4873. Kock, W. 1976. A survey of the history of medicine. Nord Medicinhist Arsb. 6:5–20. [Swedish] 4874. Lichtenstein, A. 1945. An outline of the history of pediatrics in Sweden. Acta Paediatrica. 32(3‐4):187–200. 4875. Manara, R. 1963. On the history of surgery in Sweden. Riv Storia Medicina. 7:176–182. [Italian] 4876. Pålsson, F. 1971. Some essential data regarding the establishment and development of the Swedish dental care system. A brief historical overview. Apollonia (Malmo). 19:11–21. [Swedish] 4877. Qvarsell, R. and Sundin, J. 1995. The social and cultural history of medicine and health in Sweden. Hist Phil Life Sci. 17:315–336. 4878. Rinder, L. 1983. Development of occupational medicine in Sweden. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 34(4):357–360. 4879. Unknown Author. 1979. Source material in the history of Swedish medicine. Nord Medicinhist Arsb. 27(S):58–70.

Switzerland

4880. Bleuler, M. 1973. Some aspects of the history of Swiss psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry. 130(9):991–994.

345

346

Geographic Perspectives

4881. Buess, H. 1948. The historical development of medicine in Switzerland. Dia Med. 20(44):1632–1634. [Spanish] 4882. De Pietro, C., et al. 2015. Switzerland: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 17(4). 4883. Mayer, R. 2004. The Medical Journal of Switzerland: 125 years (1880–2004) of history! Rev Med Suisse Romande. 124(12):705. [French] 4884. Sigerist, H.E. 1952. The history of medicine in Switzerland. Bull Hist Med. 26:187. 4885. Wagner, H.P. 1994. Historical notes on pediatric hematology and oncology in Switzerland. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 11(6):575–586. 4886. Walser, H.H. 1982.The path of Swiss psychiatry in the 20th century. Trends and new tasks in the historical literature in the light of 1970–1980 activity. Gesnerus. 39(1):97–108. [German]

Syria

4887. Alachkar, A., et al. 2010. Traditional medicine in Syria: Folk medicine in Aleppo governorate. Natural Product Communications. 6(1):79–84. 4888. Blecher, R.I. 2002. The medicalization of sovereignty: Medicine, public health, and political authority in Syria, 1861–1936. Doctoral Dissertation, Stanford University. 4889. De Forest, H.A. 1852. Medicine in Syria. Boston Med Surg J. 47(8):156–159. 4890. Jureidini, L.B. 1897. The medical needs of Syria. JAMA. 28(18):815–818. 4891. Khairallah, A.A. 1939. A century of American medicine in Syria. Ann Med Hist. 1(5):460–470. 4892. Sincich, F. 2003. Bedouin traditional healers in the Syrian “Badiya.” Oriental Studies Bulletin. 55:287–298. 4893. Taleb, Z.B., et al. 2015. Syria: Health in a country undergoing tragic transition. Int J Public Health. 60(S1):63–72.

Tanzania

Taiwan 4894. Bullard, M.J., et al. 1996. Emergency medicine development in Taiwan. Ann Emerg Med. 28(5):542–548. 4895. Chi, C., et al. 1996. The practice of Chinese medicine in Taiwan. Soc Sci Med. 43(9):1329–1348. 4896. Chiu, C-H., et al. 2009. Historical context for the growth of medical professionalism and curriculum reform in Taiwan. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 25:510–514. 4897. Hou, Y-C., et al. 2016. History and development of ophthalmology in Taiwan. J Formosan Med Assoc. 115(12):1025–1031. 4898. Li, C. 1997. An outline medical history of Taiwan (I) The period of folklore medicine and witch doctor. Zhonghua yi shi za zhi. 27(1):41–45. [Chinese] 4899. Liu, M.S. 2017. Transforming medical paradigms in 1950s Taiwan. East Asian Science Technology & Society. 11(4):477– 497. 4900. Yu, Y. and Wang, Z. 1994. Historical and hygienic materials of medicine in Taiwan,1898–1945. Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi. 24(4):223–228. [Chinese]

Tajikistan

4901. Khodjamurodov, G., et al. 2016. Tajikistan: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 18(1). 4902. Reamy, J. and Gedik, G. 2001. Health human resource reform in Tajikistan: Part of a masterplan for change. Cah Sociol Demogr Med. 41(3–4):327–345. 4903. Zavadskiy, S.P. and Yefimova, A.M. 2020. Medical education state reform in Tajikistan: Between tradition and modernity. Med Teach. 42(8):861–870.

Tanzania 4904. Beck, A. 1971. The role of medicine in German East Africa. Bull Hist Med. 45(2):170–178.

347

348

Geographic Perspectives

4905. Beck, A. 1977. Medicine and society in Tanganyika, 1890– 1930: A historical inquiry. Trans Am Philos Soc. 67(3):1–59. 4906. Harrington, J.A. 1999. Between the state and civil society: Medical discipline in Tanzania. Journal of Modern African Studies. 37(2):207–239. 4907. Moyo, G. and Mhamela, G. 2011. The history of nursing in Tanzania. Nurs Hist Rev. 19:161. 4908. Nicks, B.A., et al. 2012. The state of emergency medicine in the United Republic of Tanzania. Afr J Emerg Med. 2(3):97– 102. 4909. Ranger, T.O. 1981. Godly medicine: The ambiguities of medical mission in Southeast Tanzania, 1900–1945. Soc Sci Med. 15(3):261–277. 4910. Stangeland, T., et al. 2008. Recognition and development of traditional medicine in Tanzania. J Ethnopharmacol. 117(2):290–299.

Thailand 4911. Beyer, C. 1904. About Siamese medicine. Journal of the Siam Society. 1:1–22. 4912. Boonyaprapa, S. 2014. History and perspectives of nuclear medicine in Thailand. Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol. 2(2):143– 148. 4913. Charuluxananan, S. and Chentanez, V. 2007. History and evolution of western medicine in Thailand. Asian Biomedicine. 1(1):97–101. 4914. Church, A.L. and Plitponkarnpim, A. 1998. Emergency medicine in Thailand. Ann Emerg Med. 32(1):93–97. 4915. Hathirat, S. 1978. Modern medicine in Thailand today: Problems and treatment. J Med Assoc Thai. 61(S3):17–24. 4916. Pop R.L. 1985. American missionaries and the introduction of western science and medicine in Thailand, 1830–1900. Missiology. 13(2):147–157. 4917. Subcharoen, P. 2004. Thai traditional medicine in the new millennium. J Med Assoc Thailand. 87(S4):S52–S57.

Tibet (Chinese Autonomous Region)

4918. Teerawattananon, Y., et al. 2009. Historical development of health technology assessment in Thailand. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 25(S1):241–252. 4919. Thaweeboon, T., et al. 2011. Development of the school of nursing, midwifery, and public health at Siriraj, Thailand 1896–1971: A historical study. Nurs Health Sci. 13(4):440– 446. 4920. Varavej, P. 1983. The history of otorhinolaryngology in Thailand. Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 29:1–5. 4921. Wenninger, R.L. 1963. Medicine in Thailand. RI Med J. 46:87– 92.

Tibet (Chinese Autonomous Region)

4922. Beckwith, C.I. 1979. The introduction of Greek medicine into Tibet in the seventh and eighth centuries. Journal of the American Oriental Society. 99:297–313. 4923. Bergemann, H. 1968. From the history of medicine in Tibet. Orv Hetil. 109(34):1885–1887. 4924. di Sarsina, P.R., et al. 2011. Tibetan medicine: A unique heritage of person-centered medicine. EPMA J. 2(4):385–389. 4925. Gyatso, J. 2015. Being Human in a Buddhist World: An Intellectual History of Medicine in Early Modern Tibet. New York: Columbia University Press. 4926. Hofer, T. (Ed.) 2014. Bodies in Balance: The Art of Tibetan Medicine. Seattle: University of Washington Press. 4927. Janes, C.R. 1995. The transformations of Tibetan medicine. Med Anthropol Q. 9(1):6–39. 4928. Kloos, S. 2008. The history and development of Tibetan medicine in exile. Tibet Journal. 33(3):15–49. 4929. Prasaad Steiner, R. 1987. Tibetan medicine. Part I: Introduction to Tibetan medicine and the rGyud-bzi (Fourth Tantra). Am J Chin Med. 15(1–2):83–88. 4930. Rechung, R.J.K. 1973. Tibetan Medicine, Illustrated in Original Texts. London: Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine. 4931. Reuter, K.P., et al. 2013. Tibetan medicine: A systematic review of the clinical research available in the west. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013:213407.

349

350

Geographic Perspectives

4932. Schrempf, M. (Ed.). Sounding in Tibetan Medicine: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives. Lieden: Brill. 4933. Soktsang, L.D. and Millard, C. 2013. Diversity in unity: The changing forms of Tibetan medicine. East Asian Science. 7(3):467–486.

Timor-Leste 4934. Collins, S.W.M., et al. 2007. Fataluku medicinal ethnobotany and the East Timorese military resistance. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 3:5. 4935. Cousins, S. 2019. Health in Timor-Leste: 20 years of change. Lancet. 394:2217–2218. 4936. Grace, R., et al. 2020. Traditional medicine use in Timor-Leste. BMC Complement Med Ther. 20:165. 4937. McCall, C. 2014. East Timor striving for universal access to health care. Lancet. 384:1491–1492. 4938. Norris, P., et al. 2007. Delivering medicines in a challenging environment: The pharmaceutical sector in East Timor (a descriptive study). J Pharm Pract. 5(4):145–150.

Togo

4939. Agbodan, A. 1982. Choice between traditional and modern medicine in Togo. Soins Pathol Trop. 35:25–31. [French] 4940. Lamboni, B. 2011. The history of nursing in the Togolese Republic. Nurs Hist Rev. 19:168–170. 4941. Martelliere, E. 1954. The practice of pharmacy in the colonial territories, in Togo and in the Cameroons. Prod Pharm. 9(8):466–467. [French] 4942. Nomenyo, A. 1986. Demographic bibliography of Togo. African Demography. (50):71–90. 4943. Rensch, C. and Bruchhausen, W. 2017. Medical science meets ‘Development Aid’ transfer and adaptation of West German microbiology to Togo, 1960–1980. Med Hist. 61(1):1–24. 4944. Sodahlon, Y.K., et al. 2013. A success story: Togo is moving toward becoming the first sub-Saharan African nation

Trinidad and Tobago

to eliminate lymphatic filariasis through mass drug administration and countrywide morbidity alleviation. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 7(4):e2080.

Tonga 4945. Bloomfield, S.F. 2002. Illness and Cure in Tonga: Traditional and Modern Medical Practice. Nuku’alofa, Tonga: Vava’u Press. 4946. Buckley, H.R. 2000. Subadult health and disease in prehistoric Tonga, Polynesia. Am J Phys Anthropol. 113(4):481–505. 4947. Bull, L.J. 1936. The medical service of Tonga. NZ Med J. 35(190):396–400. 4948. McGrath, B.B. 1999. Health and healing in Tonga. Pacific Health Dialog. 6(2):265–267. 4949. McGrath, B.B. 1999. Swimming from island to island: Healing practice in Tonga. Med Anthropol Q. 13(4):483–505. 4950. Soakai, S. 2006. The experience of health sector reform in Tonga. PNG Med J. 49(3/4):104–107. 4951. Whistler, W.A. 1991. Herbal medicine in the Kingdom of Tonga. J Ethnopharmacol. 31(3):339–372. 4952. World Health Organization. 2015. The Kingdom of Tonga health system review. Health Syst Transit. 5(6). 4953. Young-Leslie, H. 2005. Tongan doctors and a critical medical ethnography. Anthropological Forum. 15:277–286.

Trinidad and Tobago

4954. Hezekiah, J.A. 1989. The development of healthcare policies in Trinidad and Tobago: Autonomy or domination? Int J Health Serv. 19(1):79–93. 4955. McCollin, D.W. 2009. The history of health and healthcare in Trinidad and Tobago, 1938–1962. Doctoral Dissertation, University of the West Indies. 4956. Niehoff, J. 1959. Bush: The folk medicine of Trinidad. Lore. 9:74–83. 4957. Ramcharan, A. 1948. A survey of medical services in Trinidad and Tobago. Univ Toronto Med J. 26(1):18–21.

351

352

Geographic Perspectives

4958. Reznik, D.L., et al. 2007. Globalization and medicine in Trinidad. Sociol Health Illn. 29(4):536–550. 4959. Simpson, G.E. 1962. Folk medicine in Trinidad. The Journal of American Folklore. 75(298):326–340. 4960. Teshea, I. 1964. Organization and administration of public health services in Trinidad and Tobago. Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 56:501–513. [Spanish]

Tunisia

4961. Ammar, S. 1986. The turning points in Tunisian medicine: From the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century. Tunis Med. 64(2):175–181. [French] 4962. Ammar, S. 1997. Trends in Medicine in Tunisia, form the time of Hafside to independence. Tunis Med. 75(8–9):690–699. [French] 4963. Ammar, S. 1998. A brief survey of the history of medicine in Tunisia. Tunis Med. 76(10):317–323. [French] 4964. Chérif, A. 1908. Historie de la médecine Arabe en Tunisie. Bordeaux: Imprimerie Moderne-A. Destout et Cie. [French] 4965. El Matri, A. 2010. The history of nephrology in Tunisia. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 21(4):784–788. 4966. Gallagher, N.E. 1975. The Arab medical organization in nineteenth century Tunisia. Rev Hist Maghreb. 4:145–149. 4967. Gaumer, B. 2005. Writings of the medical observers on the state of the health of Tunisia under the French Protectorate (1881–1956). Can Bull Med Hist. 22(1):83–102. [English/ French]

Turkey

4968. Arda, B. 2003. A model from Turkey on the history of the health sciences as seen from the point of view of scientific societies and their contributions–the Guest House Society. Vesalius. 9(1):38–40.

Turkmenistan

4969. Basak, O. and Saatci, E. 1998. The developments of general practice/family medicine in Turkey. Eur J Gen Pract. 4(3):126– 129. 4970. Bishop, P.J. 1959. A brief sketch of the history of medicine in Turkey. Tubercle. 40(4):290–292. 4971. Cubukcu, B. 1998. A brief history of the development of Turkish pharmacognosy. Yeni Tip Tarihi Arastirmalari. 4:225– 232. [Turkish] 4972. Erdogan, S., et al. 2005. Pathology in Turkey: A historical survey. Aegean Pathol J. 2:123–126. 4973. Hatemi, H. 2001. Evolution of the history of Turkish medicine. Tip Tarihi Arastirmalari. 10:11–20. [Turkish] 4974. Krebs, L.M. and Terzioglu, A. 1980. The History of Old Turkish Dentistry. Munich: Demeter Verlag. 4975. Mat-Oztekin, A. 2012. History of pharmacy in Turkey. Rev Hist Pharm (Paris). 60(373):17–24. [French] 4976. Oguz, P. and Cem, U. 2009. History of forensic medicine in Turkey. Legal Med. 11(3):107–110. 4977. Ozaydin, Z. 2004. Some landmarks in the history of medicine in Istanbul (materials, books, documents, periodicals and buildings). JISHIM. 3:26–29. 4978. özSoylu, Ş. 1993. History and present state of pediatric hematology and oncology in Turkey. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 10(2):141–144. 4979. Tatar, M., et al. 2011. Turkey: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 13(6). 4980. Terzioglu, F. 2011. The history of nursing in Turkey. Nurs Hist Rev. 19:179–182. 4981. Unat, E.K. 1960. Bibliography on medical mycology in Turkey. Tip Fak Mecm. 23:386–400. [Turkish] 4982. Unver, A.S. 1957. Highlights of Turkish medical history. Tip Fak Mecm. 20(4):580–597. [Turkish]

Turkmenistan

4983. Chagylov, K.B. 1985. Development of public health in Turkmenistan. Sov Zdravookhr. 8:25–29. [Russian]

353

354

Geographic Perspectives

4984. European Observatory on Health Care Systems. 2000. Health Care Systems in Transition: Turkmenistan (AMS/5012669TKM, Target 19). London. 4985. Rechel, B. and McKee, M. 2007. The effects of dictatorship on health: The case of Turkmenistan. BMC Med. 5(1):1–10.

Tuvalu

4986. Leppaniemi, A.K. 1990. Surgery in Tuvalu: A 10-year review. Aust N Z J Surg. 60(5):373–376. 4987. Mortreux, C. and Barnett, J. 2009. Climate change, migration and adaptation in Funafuti, Tuvalu. Global Environmental Change. 19(1):105–112. 4988. Panapa, T. 2012. Ethnographic Research on Meanings and Practices of Health in Tuvalu: A Community Report. University of Auckland, Department of Anthropology. 4989. Speake, J.D. and Malaki, T. 1982. Oral health in Tuvalu. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 10(4):173–177.

Uganda 4990. Bimenya, G.S., et al. 2005. Forensic medicine services in Uganda: present and future. J Clin Forensic Med. 12(2):81–84. 4991. Cook, A.R. 1914. Obstetric medicine in Uganda. BMJ. 1(2789):1281–1283. 4992. Foster, W.D. 1969. Robert Moffat and the beginnings of the government medical service in Uganda. Med Hist. 13(3):237– 250 4993. Foster, W.D. 1970. The Early History of Scientific Medicine in Uganda. Nairobi: East African Literature Bureau. 4994. Foster, W.D. 1974. Makerere medical school: 50th anniversary. BMJ. 3:675–678. 4995. Gershenberg, I. and Haskell, M.A. 1972. The distribution of medical services in Uganda. Soc Sci Med. 6(3):353–372. 4996. Nicks, R. 1971. Medicine in Uganda. Albert Cook and afterwards. Med J Aust. 2(1):41–44.

United Arab Emirates

4997. Unknown Author. 1952. Medicine in Uganda. BMJ. 1(4750):158–160. 4998. White, L. 1995. “They could make their victims dull”: Genders and genres, fantasies and cures in colonial southern Uganda. American Historical Review. 100(5):1379–1402.

Ukraine 4999. Bereziuk, N,M. 2010. V. Ia. Dzhunkovskiĭ: The first historian of the national medicine. Lik Sprava. 7–8:129–134. [Russian] 5000. Borodiĭ, N.K. 1981. Development of medicine in the Ukraine in the 18th century. Sov Zdravookhr. 11:53–56. 5001. Burchinskiĭ. G.I. 1982. Development of clinical internal medicine in the Ukraine in the last 60 years. Klin Med (Mosk). 60(12):22–29. [Russian] 5002. Hanitkeyvch, Y. 2005. The history of Ukrainian medicine. Vesalius. 11(11):104–106. 5003. Kavets’kyi, R.E. and Balyts’kyi, K.P. 1954. Development of medicine in Kiev, Russia and medical union of Ukraine and Russia in the 17th century. Med Zhurnal. 24(2):5–20. 5004. Lekhan, V., et al. 2015. Ukraine: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 17(2). 5005. Puzych, IaI. 2000. Iuriĭ Drohobych--the first Ukrainian doctor of medicine. Lik Sprava. (7–8):127–129. [Ukrainian] 5006. Pyrig, L.1995. Medicine in the context of history and culture of Ukraine. Agapit. (2):72–76. [English/Russian/Ukrainian] 5007. Pyrih, L.A. 1991. Ukrainian medicine in the mirror of philately. Vrach Delo. 9:118–121. [Ukrainian]

United Arab Emirates

5008. Ahmed, G., et al. 2018. Outward medical tourism: A case of UAE. Theoretical Economics Letters. 8(07):1368–1390. 5009. Alameri, H., et al. 2021. Medical education in the United Arab Emirates: Challenges and opportunities. Medical Teacher. 43(6):625–632.

355

356

Geographic Perspectives

5010. El‐Haddad, M. 2006. Nursing in the United Arab Emirates: An historical background. Int Nurs Rev. 53(4):284–289. 5011. Fares, S., et al. 2014. Emergency medicine in the United Arab Emirates. Int J Emerg Med. 7(1):4. 5012. Koornneef, E., et al. 2017. Progress and outcomes of health systems reform in the United Arab Emirates: A systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 17:672. 5013. Mpofu, C. and Revesz, T. 1996. History and current state of pediatric oncology and hematology in the United Arab Emirates. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 13(1):1–7.

United Kingdom (Including Republic of Ireland and Territories and Possessions)

5014. Adams, G.F. 1949. Geriatrics in Northern Ireland. Lancet. 2(6589):1095–1097. 5015. Beith, M. 1995. Healing Threads: Traditional Medicines of the Highlands and Islands. Edinburgh: Polygon. 5016. Black, J.A., et al. 1963. Tristan da Cunha: General medical investigations. BMJ. 2(5364):1018–1024. 5017. Boyle, S. 2011. United Kingdom (England): Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 13(1). 5018. Buchler, I.R. 1964. Caymanian folk medicine. Human Organization. 23:48–50. 5019. Casey, A.J. 1982. A history of dentistry in Northern Ireland 1920–1973. Part I. J Ir Dent Assoc. 28(3):53–57. 5020. Casey, A.J. 1982. A history of dentistry in Northern Ireland 1920–1973. Part II. J Ir Dent Assoc. 28(5):113–115. 5021. Casey, A.J. 1982. History of dentistry in Northern Ireland 1920–1973. Part III. J Ir Dent Assoc. 28(6):137–140. 5022. Casey, A.J. 1983. A history of dentistry in Northern Ireland 1920–1973. Part IV. J Ir Dent Assoc. 29(1):9–11. 5023. Collis, W.R.F. 1943. The State of Medicine in Ireland. Dublin: Parkside Press. 5024. Comrie, J.D. 1932. History of Scottish Medicine (2 Volumes). London: Bailliére, Tindall & Cox.

United Kingdom (Including Republic of Ireland and Territories and Possessions)

5025. Coyer, M. 2017. Literature and Medicine in the NineteenthCentury Periodical Press: Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, 1817–1858. Edinburgh University Press. 5026. Crookshank, A., et al. 1984. A Portrait of Irish Medicine. An Illustrated History of Medicine in Ireland. Dublin: Ward River Press. 5027. Cule, J. (Ed.). 1975. Wales and Medicine. An Historical Survey from Papers Given at the Ninth British Congress on the History of Medicine. Wales: Gomer Press. 5028. Cule, J. 1980. Wales and Medicine. A Source-List for Printed Books Showing the History of Medicine in Relation to Wales and Welshmen. Aberystwyth, Wales: National Library of Wales. 5029. Cylus, J., et al. 2015. United Kingdom: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 17(5). 5030. Deeny, P., and McFetridge, B. 2008. Critical care nursing in Northern Ireland: A rich history with a future of opportunity. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 24(3):143–149. 5031. Devereux, C.E. and Eedy, D.J. 2010. A history of dermatology in Ireland. Ulster Med J. 79(2):95–99. 5032. Diggle, R. 2002. Medicine in the Falkland islands. Postgrad Med J. 79(927):3–4. 5033. Dingwall, H.M. 2003. A History of Scottish Medicine, Themes and Influences. Edinburg University Press. 5034. Duke-Elder, S. 1957. The history of ophthalmology in Britain. Ophthalmologica. 134(S1):24–28. 5035. Elder, A.T. 1948. The nursing services of Northern Ireland. Ulster Med J. 17(1):53–66. 5036. Elder, A.T. 1953. Health services of Northern Ireland. Br J Prev Soc Med. 7(3):105–111. 5037. Fleetwood, J. 1951. History of Medicine in Ireland. Dublin: Browne & Nolan. 5038. Ghosh, U.K. and Ghosh, K. 1997. The history of geriatric medicine in Scotland. Scottish Med J. 42(5):158–159. 5039. Gorsky, M. 2008. The British National Health Service 1948–2008: A review of the historiography. Soc Hist Med. 21(3):437–460. 5040. Hall, R. 1970. History of dermatology in Northern Ireland. Br J Dermatol. 83(6):690–697.

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5041. Hamilton, D. 1981. The Healers: A History of Medicine in Scotland. Gretna: Pelican Publishing Co. 5042. Heavy, P. 2019. The Irish healthcare system: A morality tale. Camb Q Healthc Ethics. 28:276–302. 5043. Johnson, R. 2010. Historiography of medicine in British colonial Africa. Global South. 6(3):20–28. 5044. Jones, G.R. 1976. Welshmen and medicine: An historical review. J R Coll Physicians Lond. 10(4):303–310. 5045. Kelly, L. 2012. Irish Women in Medicine ca. 1880s–1920s. Manchester University Press. 5046. Klein, R.S. 1971. The history of medicine in Tudor times: An historiographical survey. Historian. 33:365–384. 5047. La Hée, F. 2001. The development of a community-based comprehensive mental health service delivery system for the Cayman Islands (1989–2001). West Indian Med J. 50(S4):34– 39. 5048. Lawrence, C. 1987. Graduate education in the history of medicine: Great Britain. Bull Hist Med. 61(2):247–252. 5049. Longley, M., et al. 2012. United Kingdom (Wales): Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 14(11). 5050. Lucey, D.S. and Crossman, V. (Eds.). 2014. Healthcare in Ireland and Britain from 1850. Voluntary, Regional, and Comparative Perspectives. London: Institute of Historical Research. 5051. Lyons, J.B. 2000. The Irish Journal of Medical Science: A historical outline. Ir J Med Sci. 169(2):143–148. 5052. McNalty, A.S. 1947. The history of state medicine in England: From the accession of Queen Victoria to the General Board of Health. J R Inst Public Health. 10(3):96–107. 5053. McNalty, A.S. 1948. The history of state medicine in England. J R Inst Public Health. 11(1):9–26. 5054. Moloney, M.F. 1919. Irish Ethno-Botany and the Evolution of Medicine in Ireland. Dublin: M.H. Gill & Son. 5055. Montegriffo, C. 1978. History of medicine in Gibraltar. BMJ. 2(6136):552. 5056. Moore, N. 1908. The History of the Study Of Medicine in the British Isles. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

United Kingdom (Including Republic of Ireland and Territories and Possessions)

5057. Moore, N. 1913. The Physician in English History. Cambridge: University Press. 5058. Newsholme, A. 1919. The historical development of public health work in England. Am J Public Health. 9(12):907–918. 5059. O’Doherty, M. 2001. Irish medical historiography. Ir J Med Sci. 170:1–10. 5060. O’Neill, C., et al. 2012. United Kingdom (Northern Ireland): Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 14(10). 5061. O’Sullivan, J.F. 2001. The history of obstetrics in Northern Ireland 1921–1992. Ulster Med J. 70(2):95–101. 5062. Pickstone, J.V. 1999. The development and present state of history of medicine in Britain. Dynamis. 19:457–486. 5063. Plowright, O. 1963. General practice in England. an historical note. J Coll Gen Pract. 6(4):532–545. 5064. Porter, R. 1991. History of psychiatry in Britain. Hist Psychiatry. 2(7):271–279. 5065. Porter, R. 1998. The historiography of medicine in the U.K. Med Secoli. 10(2):253–269. 5066. Privilege, J. 2009. Four Decades of Public Health. Northern Ireland’s Health Boards, 1973–2009. Belfast: Public Health Agency, Ormeau Avenue Unit. 5067. Ratcliffe, G.E., et al. 1984. A review of the medical services in the Falkland Islands before and after the war of 1982. J R Army Med Corps. 130:16–19. 5068. Robinson, W. 1977. Nursing in Gibraltar. Nursing Mirror. 145(12):6–9. 5069. Samuels, N. 1963. Experiences of a medical officer on Tristan da Cunha, June–October 1961. BMJ. 2(5364):1013–1017. 5070. Smith, P.T. 1972. Medical services in the British Virgin Islands. Int J Health Serv. 2(1):111–118. 5071. Steel, D. and Cylus, J. 2012. United Kingdom (Scotland): Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 14(9). 5072. Unknown Author. 1830. Sketches of the medical topography of Gibraltar. Med Chir Rev. 13(25):49–55. 5073. Wellcome, Sir H. 1909. Medicine in Ancient Ireland. London: Burroughs Wellcome & Co.

359

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5074. Withey, A. 2008. Unhealthy neglect? The medicine and medical historiography of early modern Wales. Soc Hist Med. 21(1):163–174. 5075. Woods, J.O. 1982. The history of medicine in Ireland. Ulster Med J. 51(1):35–45.

United States of America 5076. Adkins, C.P. 2013. “The sacred domain”: Women and the transformation of gynecology and obstetrics in the United States, 1870–1920. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oregon. 5077. Apple, R.D. 1990. Women, Health and Medicine in America. A Historical Handbook. New York: Garland. 5078. Asbell, M.B. 1973. A Bibliography of Dentistry in America, 1790–1840. Cherry Hill, NJ: Sussex House. 5079. Beck, J.B. 1850. An Historical Sketch of the State of Medicine in the American Colonies, From Their First Settlement to the Period of the Revolution. Albany, NY: Charles van Benhuysen, Printer. 5080. Bordley, J. and Harvey, A.M. 1976. Two Centuries of American Medicine: 1776–1976. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 5081. Brieger, G.H. 1998. The historiography of medicine in America. Med Secoli. 10(2):189–207. 5082. Byrd, W.M. and Clayton, L.A. 2001. Race, medicine, and health care in the United States: A historical survey. J Nat Med Assoc. 93(S3):11s–34s. 5083. Call, E.L., et al. 1881. The practice of medicine by women in the United States. Journal of Social Science. 14:178. 5084. Callwood, G.B., et al. 2012. Health and health care in the U.S. Virgin Islands: Challenges and perceptions. ABNF J. 23(1):4– 7. 5085. Carlson, R.I. 1960. The historical development of medical education in the United States. Surgery. 47:695–702. 5086. Colman, E.G. 2004. A portrait of Fielding H. Garrison (1870– 1935): America’s pioneering medical historian. J Med Biogr. 12(4):222–230.

United States of America

5087. Cone, T.E. 1979. History of American Pediatrics. Boston: Little Brown. 5088. Cordsaco, F. 1985. American Medical Imprints, 1820–1910 (2 Volumes). Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield. 5089. Cox, P.A. 1993. Saving the ethnopharmacological heritage of American Samoa. J Ethnopharmacol. 38(2–3):177–180. 5090. Fisher, K.A. 2013. Health information technology in American medicine: A historical perspective. Transactions of the International Conference on Health Information Technology Advancement. 2(1):171–174. 5091. Fye, W.B. 1987. The Development of American Physiology: Scientific Medicine in the Nineteenth Century. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. 5092. Fye, W.B. 1996. American Cardiology: The History of a Specialty and its College. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 5093. Gevitz, N. (Ed.). 1988. Other Healers: Unorthodox Medicine in America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 5094. Gilbert, J.B. 1951. A Bibliography of Articles on the History of American Medicine Compiled from ‘Writings on American History’ 1902–1937. New York: New York Academy of Medicine. 5095. Gordon, M.B. 1949. Aesculapius Comes to the Colonies. The Story of the Early Days of Medicine in the Thirteen Original Colonies. Ventnor, NJ: Ventnor Publishers 5096. Gross, S.D. 1876. A century of American surgery. Am J Med Sci. 71:431–484. 5097. Gross, S.D. 1875. History of American Medical Literature from 1776 to the Present Time. Philadelphia: P. Madeira, Surgical Instrument Maker. 5098. Guerra, F. 1962. American Medical Bibliography 1639–1783. New York: Harper, Inc. 5099. Hale, N.G., Jr. 1995. The Rise and Crisis of Psychoanalysis in America: Freud and the Americans, 1917–1985. New York: Oxford University Press. 5100. Haller, J.S., Jr. 1981. American Medicine in Transition, 1840– 1910. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. 5101. Haller, J.S., Jr. 2005. The History of American Homeopathy: The Academic Years, 1820–1935. Boca Raton, FL: Press.

361

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5102. Harvey, A.M. 1981. Science at the Bedside: Clinical Research in American Medicine 1905–1945. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 5103. Hong, G.G. 1998. Acupuncture: The historical basis and its US practitioners. Lab Med. 29(3):163–166. 5104. Hurd-Mead, K.C. 1933. Medical Women of America: A Short History of the Pioneer Medical Women of America and of a Few of Their Colleagues in England. New York: Froben Press. 5105. Jarcho S. 1989. Some observations and opinions on the present state of American medical historiography. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 44:288–290. 5106. Kelly, H.A. and Burrage, W.L. 1920. American Medical Biographies. Baltimore: The Norman, Remington Co. 5107. King, L.S. 1982. Medicine in the USA. Historical vignettes. I. The British background for American medicine. JAMA. 248(2):217–220. 5108. Konold, D.E. 1962. A History of American Medical Ethics, 1847– 1912. Madison, WI: State Historical Society of Wisconsin. 5109. Krosch, S.L. 2010. Perceptions and use of complementary and alternative medicine in American Samoa: A survey of health care providers. Hawaii Med J. 69(6S3):21–26. 5110. Kupka, E. 1955. Notes on public health in American Samoa. Pub Health Rep. 70(4):62–66. 5111. Long, D.E. 1997. Hidden persuaders: Medical indexing and the gendered professionalism of American medicine, 1880– 1932. Osiris. 12:100–120. 5112. McDaniel, W.B. 1959. A view of 19th century medical historiography in the United States of America. Bull Hist Med. 33(5):415–435. 5113. Miller, G. 1946. Bibliography of the history of medicine of the United States and Canada—1945. Bull Hist Med. 19(5):536– 567. 5114. Miller, G. 1973. In praise of amateurs: Medical history in American before Garrison. Bull Hist Med. 47:586. 5115. Numbers, R.L. 1982. The history of American medicine: A field in ferment. Reviews in American History. 10(4):245–263. 5116. Osler, W. 1902. Some aspects of American medical bibliography. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 1(3–4):19–32.

United States of America

5117. Packard, F.R. 1931. History of Medicine in the United States (2 Vols.). New York: Paul B. Hoeber. 5118. Rice, M.F. and Jones, W., Jr. 1987. Black American Health: An Annotated Bibliography. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. 5119. Rosenberg, C.E. 1987. The Care of Strangers: The Rise of America’s Hospital System. New York: Basic Books. 5120. Rothstein, W.G. 1972. American Physicians in the Nineteenth Century: From Sects to Science. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 5121. Rothstein, W.G. 1987. American Medical Schools and the Practice of Medicine: A History. New York: Oxford University Press. 5122. Rutkow, I.M. 1988. The History of Surgery in the United States, 1775–1900. Volume 1: Textbooks, Monographs and Treatises. San Francisco: Norman Publishing. 5123. Rutkow, I.M. 1992. The History of Surgery in the United States, 1775–1900. Volume 2: Periodicals and Pamphlets. San Francisco: Norman Publishing. 5124. Rutkow, L.M. 2010. Seeking the Cure: A History of Medicine in America. New York: Scribner. 5125. Savitt, T.L. 2007. Race and Medicine in Nineteen and Early Twentieth Century America. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press. 5126. Selleck, H.B. and Whittacker, A.H. 1962. Occupational Health in America. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. 5127. Shyrock, R.H. 1947. American Medical Research, Past and Present. New York: Commonwealth Fund. 5128. Shryock, R.H. 1953. Changing outlooks in American medicine over three centuries. Sudhoffs Archiv. 37(3–4):377–388. 5129. Shryock, R.H. 1960. Medicine and Society in America 1660– 1860. New York: New York University Press. 5130. Shyrock, R.H. 1966. Medicine in America: Historical Essays. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 5131. Speert, H. 1980. Obstetrics and Gynecology in America. A History. Chicago: American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists.

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5132. Starr, P. 1982. The Social Transformation of American Medicine: The Rise of a Sovereign Profession and the Making of a Vast Industry. New York: Basic Books. 5133. Steele, V.W. 2005. Bleed, Blister, and Purge. A History of Medicine on the American Frontier. Missoula, MT: Mountain Press Publishing Co. 5134. Tourney, G. 1969. History of biological psychiatry in America. Am J Psychiatry. 126(1):29–42. 5135. Warner, J.G. 1986. The Therapeutic Perspective: Medical Practice, Knowledge, and Identity in America 1820–1885. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 5136. Williams, S.W. 1845. American Medical Biography. Greenfield, MA: L. Merrlam & Co.

Uruguay

5137. Alvarez, I., et al. 2009. Three decades of the history of donation and transplantation in Uruguay. Transplant Proc. 41(8):3495–3499. 5138. Barros, B. 1964. History of the Uruguayan rheumatology. Arch Interam Rheumatol. 7:280–288. 5139. Casarotti, H. 2016. Brief history of psychiatry in Uruguay. Int Rev Psychiatry. 28(2):205–206. 5140. Mañay, N. 2010. Developing medical geology in Uruguay: A review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 7(5):1963–1969. 5141. Nese-Ravazzani, M. 2012. History of the Hematology in Uruguay. Rev de Hematología. 13(3):114–138. 5142. Ponzo, J. 2020. Family and Community Medicine in Uruguay from 1997 to 2019: How many kilometers will it take to reach that town? Cien Saude Colet. 25(4):1205–1214. 5143. Schiaffino, R.A. 1927–1952. Historia de la medicine en el Uruguay (3 Volumes). Montevideo: Imprenta Nacional.

Uzbekistan

5144. Abdullakhodzhaeva, M.S. 2016. Basic areas of medical science in Uzbekistan. Arkh Patol. 78(2):64–68. [Russian]

Venezuela

5145. Ahmedov, M., et al. 2014. Uzbekistan: Health system review. Health Syst Transit. 16(5). 5146. Atakhanov, E.I. 1956. Immediate problems of medical science in Uzbekistan. Sov Zdravookhr. 15(3):7–11. [Russian] 5147. Atakhanov, E.I. 1967. Medical science during the past 50 years in Uzbekistan. Klin Med (Mosk). 45(11):92–100. [Russian] 5148. Reznitskii, I.I. 1963. From the history of organization of medical service for the rural population of Uzbekistan. Sov Zdravookhr. 22:49–52. [Russian] 5149. Zakhidov, A.Z. 1953. Development of communal public health in Uzbekistan. Gig Sanit. 33(2):43–45.

Vanuatu

5150. Guillo, J.Y. 1984. Pathology in the Republic of Vanuatu. Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales. 77(2):222–226. [French] 5151. Harris, M., et al. 1991. Issues in primary health care development in Vanuatu. Health Policy Plan. 6(2):166–172. 5152. Isom, T. 2006. The experience of health reform in Vanuatu. P N G Med J. 49(3–4):108–111. 5153. Queyrel, V. and Moranne, O. 1998. Medicine in Vanuatu: A voyage to the end of the earth to Espiritu Santo Island. Rev Med Interne. 19(9):619–628. [French]

Venezuela

5154. Archila, R. 1961. Historia de la Medicina En Venezuela. Época Colonial. Caracas: Vargas, S.A. [Spanish] 5155. Iriarte, D.R. 1986. The History of Aeronautical Medicine in Venezuela (TM-77709). Washington, D.C.: NASA. 5156. Kerdel-Vegas, F. and Piquero-Martí, J. 2015. The history of dermatology, venereology and dermatopathology in different countries: Venezuela. Glob Dermatol. 2(7):S82–S88. 5157. Rodríguez Rivero, P.D. 1931. Historica Medica de Venezuela Hasta 1900. Caracas: Parra León Hermanos. [Spanish]

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Vietnam 5158. Banh, D.B. 1952. The influence of western medicine on the traditional medicine of Viet Nam. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 7(1):79–84. 5159. Dzierzanowski, R. 1969. The Vietnam legend on the destiny in medicine. Wiad Lek. 22(8):775–778. [Polish] 5160. Kalmykova, O.L. 1990. Traditional medicine of Vietnam: History and current trends. Sov Zdravookhr. 7:74–76. [Russian] 5161. O’Reilly, G.M., et al. 2010. The dawn of emergency medicine in Vietnam. Emerg Med Australas. 22(5):457–462. 5162. Richards, J.R. 1997. Emergency medicine in Vietnam. Ann Emerg Med. 29(4):543–545. 5163. Thanh, N. 1968. On the history of the pharmacy in Vietnam (1945–1965): A brief survey. Pharm Prax. 7:164–166. [German] 5164. Thompson, C.M. 2015. Vietnamese Traditional Medicine: A Social History. Singapore: National University of Singapore Press. 5165. Trong, T.N. and Mudlil, V. 1963. History of pediatrics in Vietnam. Cesk Pediatr. 18:256–258. [Czech]

Yemen

5166. Atatur-Rahim, M. 1989. Medical literature on Yemen (north and south): A bibliographic survey from 1841–1978. Hamdard Med. 32(1):28–35. 5167. Fleurentin, J., et al. 1983. Cultural background of the medicinal plants of Yemen. J Ethnopharmacol. 7(2):183–203. 5168. Izbicki, J. 1963. Medicine comes to Yemen. Abbottempo. 1:32– 35. 5169. McKee, C.M. 1987. Medical and social aspects of qat in Yemen: A review. J R Soc Med. 80:762–765. 5170. Middendrop, U.G. 1969. Observations on native medicine in Yemen. Acta Trop. 26(1):1–14. [German]

Zambia

5171. Weingarten, M. 1992. Medicine in San’a Yemen, 1937–1943. J R Soc Med. 85(8):490–492.

Yugoslavia 5172. Brozek, J. 1972. Quantitative explorations in the history of psychology in Yugoslavia: Translations. Psychol Rep. 31(2):397–398. 5173. Gosset, J.R. 1957. The organization of medicine in Yugoslavia. Concours Med. 79(9):1073–1076. [French] 5174. Grmek, M.D. 1962. Teaching and research on history of medicine in Yugoslavia. Lijec Vjesn. 84:5–21. [Croatian] 5175. Huard, P. and Grmek, M.D. 1961. The historical development of medicine in Yugoslavia. Concours Med. 83:2497–2499. 5176. Huard, P. and Grmek, M.D. 1961. The historical development of medicine in Yugoslavia. Concours Med. 83:2633–2639. 5177. Mowlem, R. 1950. Medicine in Yugoslavia. BMJ. 1(4661):1072– 1073. 5178. Sarinić, P. 1970. Notes from our urologic history (1877– 1918). Lijec Vjesn. 92(12):1435–1442. [Croatian]

Zambia

5179. Gilbert, G. 1983. Medicine in Zambia. Ann Intern Med. 99(1):130. 5180. Kalusa, W.T. 2007. Language, medical auxiliaries, and the re-interpretation of missionary medicine in colonial Mwinilunga, Zambia, 1922–511. Journal of Eastern African Studies. 1(1):57–78. 5181. Peltzer, K. and Bless, C. 1989. History and present status of professional psychology in Zambia. Psychol Dev Soc J. 1(1):53–64. 5182. Richards, M. 1964. Zambia and its health services. Nursing Times. 60:1483–1484. 5183. Sugishita, K. 2009. Traditional medicine, biomedicine and Christianity in modern Zambia. Africa. 79(3):435–454.

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Zanzibar 5184. Davies, J.N. 1961. Two early modern medical texts from Zanzibar. East Afr Med J. 38:462–464. 5185. Issa, A.A. 2009. From Stinkibar to Zanzibar: Disease, medicine and public health in colonial urban Zanzibar, 1870–1963. Doctoral Dissertation, University of KwaZulu-Natal.

Zimbabwe

5186. Busayi, R.M. 2006. History of veterinary services in Zimbabwe. Part I. Hist Med Vet. 31(2):45–52. 5187. Busayi, R.M. 2006. History of veterinary medicine in Zimbabwe. Part II. Creating awareness, strengthening extension and looking into the future. Hist Med Vet. 31(3):76– 83. 5188. Busayi, R.M. 2006. History of veterinary medicine in Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe). Part III. Rippling effects of the 1896 rinderpest outbreak. Hist Med Vet. 31(3):85–91. 5189. Roberts, R.S. 1979. A socio-historical view of the struggle for health in Zimbabwe. Cent Afr J Med. 25(10):235–236. 5190. Wakeford, J. The Medical Council of Rhodesia: Its history. Cent Afr J Med. 16(7):159–161.

Section 7

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

The medical specialties and practice areas described in documents cited in this section of the bibliography are, in general, officially recognized areas of professional medical practice. As such they enjoy the support of related societies and associations as well as coming under the aegis of licensing boards and colleges. However, there are many non-official specialty areas that are valid by dint of their popularity, presence, and emerging importance or influence in the medical world. Specialty and practice areas that have fallen out of favor are included in this section. Some were only as advanced as science would allow and were replaced by better techniques and technologies (e.g., the Barber-Surgeon and blood-letting). Others were reprehensible or even debatable as to their scientific validity (e.g., eugenics and physiognomy). Despite this, we still need to understand their history in order to dissuade contemporary medical professionals from considering their reappraisal or re-ascendency. There are also emerging specialty and practice areas (e.g., lifestyle medicine and medical virtualism) as well as methods of communicating medical information (e.g., Twitter and Instagram), and this section cites numerous related documents. Another way to gauge the evolution of a medical specialty or practice area is to understand the publishing history of associated professional associations and societies. Therefore, many cited From Hippocrates to COVID-19: A Bibliographic History of Medicine Dale A. Stirling Copyright © 2023 Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. ISBN 978-981-4968-35-5 (Hardcover), 978-1-003-28278-5 (eBook) www.jennystanford.com

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documents pertain specifically to a medical organization and/or its representative journal or periodical.

Academic Medicine

5191. Angell, M. 2000. Is academic medicine for sale? N Engl J Med. 342(20):1516–1518. 5192. Awasthi, S., et al. 2005. Five futures for academic medicine. PLoS Med. 2(7):e207. 5193. Borges, N.J., et al. 2010. How, when, and why do physicians choose careers in academic medicine? A literature review. Acad Med. 85(4):680–686. 5194. Cardinal, L. and Kaell, A. 2017. The role of medical education in the development of the scientific practice of medicine. J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect. 7(1):58–60. 5195. Clark, J. 2004. Polishing the tarnished image of academic medicine. BMJ. 328(7440):604. 5196. Cole, R.G. 1993. In search of a new mentality: The interface of academic and popular medicine in the sixteenth century. Journal of Popular Culture. 26(4):155–172. 5197. Garber, A. 2004. Corporate treatment for the ills of academic medicine. N Engl J Med. 351(16):1601–1603. 5198. Hamel, M.B., et al. 2006. Women in academic medicine: Progress and challenges. N Engl J Med. 355:310–312. 5199. Iglehart, J. 1997. Forum on the future of academic medicine. Session I. Setting the stage. Acad Med. 72(7):595–599. 5200. Iglehart, J. 1997) Forum on the future of academic medicine. Session II. Finances and culture. Acad Med. 72(9):754–759. 5201. Iglehart, J. 1998. Forum on the future of academic medicine. Session III. Getting from here to there. Acad Med. 73(2):146– 151. 5202. Iglehart, J. 2000. Forum on the future of academic medicine. Final Session. Implications of the information revolution for academic medicine. Acad Med. 75(3):245–250. 5203. Irwin, G.W., et al. 2014. Academic medicine: Revolution, evolution or extinction? Ulster Med J. 83(3):141.

Adolescent and Pediatric Medicine

5204. Kanter, S.L. 2010. The history of academic medicine: A notable year. Acad Med. 85(12):1811. 5205. Laret, M.R. 2013. Academic medicine in the 21st century. JAMA Intern Med. 173(18):1739–1741. 5206. Modanlou, H.D. 2011. Historical evidence for the origin of teaching hospital, medical school and the rise of academic medicine. J Perinatol. 31:236–239. 5207. Nivet, M.A. 2010. Minorities in academic medicine: Review of the literature. J Vasc Surg. 51(4):S53–S58. 5208. Pardes, H. 2005. The promise and risk of academic medicine. Mayo Clin Proc. 80(10):1349. 5209. Petersdorf, R.G. 1981. Academic medicine: No longer threadbare or genteel. N Engl J Med. 304(14):841–843. 5210. Schroeder, S.A., et al. 1989. Academic medicine as a public trust. JAMA. 262(6):803–812. 5211. Sonnenberg, A. 2007. Why is academic medicine run by former C-students? Med Hypotheses. 69(1):218–220.

Adolescent and Pediatric Medicine

5212. Alderman, E.M., et al. 2003. The history of adolescent medicine. Pediatr Res. 54(1):137–147. 5213. Boat, T.F. 2002. Evolution of subspecialty care in pediatrics. J Pediatr. 140(6):639–640. 5214. Colón, A.R. and Colón, P.A. 1999. Nurturing Children: A History of Pediatrics. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. 5215. Epstein, D. and Brill, J.E. 2005. A history of pediatric critical care medicine. Pediatr Res. 58(5):987–996. 5216. Fisher, E.S. 2012. Pediatric hospital medicine: Historical perspectives, inspired future. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 42(5):107–112. 5217. Gallagher, J.R. 1982. The origins, development, and goals of adolescent medicine. Journal of Adolescent Health Care. 3:57– 63. 5218. Genuis, S.J. 2010. Evolution in pediatric health care. Pediatr Int. 52(4):640–643.

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5219. Haggerty, R.J. and Green, M. 2003. History of academic general and ambulatory pediatrics. Pediatr Res. 53(1):188–197. 5220. Hardoff, D. and Eisenstein, E. 2004. Adolescent medicine with a 100-year perspective. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 16(4):293– 302. 5221. Lee, L., et al. 2017. The status of adolescent medicine: Building a global adolescent workforce. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 28(3):233–243. 5222. Levin, D.L., et al. 2013. History of pediatric critical care medicine. J Pediatr Intensive Care. 2(4):147–167. 5223. Levinson, A. 1943. Pioneers of Pediatrics. New York: Froben Press. 5224. Long, W.A., Jr. 1973. Adolescent medicine: An approach through private practice. Pediatr Ann. 2(6):70–78. 5225. Mahnke, C.B. 2000. The growth and development of a specialty: The history of pediatrics. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 39(12):705–714. 5226. Noonan, J.A. 2004. A history of pediatric specialties: The development of pediatric cardiology. Pediatr Res. 56:298– 306. 5227. Pena, M.E. and Snyder, B.L. 1995. Pediatric emergency medicine. The history of a growing discipline. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 13(2):235–253. 5228. Prescott, H.M. 1998. A Doctor of their Own: The History of Adolescent Medicine. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 5229. Prescott. H.M. 2000. History of adolescent medicine in the 20th century: From Hall to Elkind. Adolesc Med. 11(1):1–12. 5230. Rieder, J., et al. 2005. Adolescent medicine: Emergence of a new specialty. JAMA Ethics. 7(3):249–251. 5231. Rimoin, D.L. and Hirschorn, K. 2004. A history of medical genetics in pediatrics. Pediatr Res. 56(1):150–159. 5232. Rodríguez-Ocaña, E. 2003. Child health, a paradigmatic issue in modern history. Dynamis. 23:17–26. 5233. Ruhräh, J. 1921. A bibliography of pediatrics. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 10(3):20–24. 5234. Schaller, J.G. 2005. The history of pediatric rheumatology. Pediatr Res. 58(5):997–1007.

Allergy and Immunology

5235. Steinbeck, K., et al. 2014. Adolescent and young medicine is a special and specific area of medical practice. J Paediatr Child Health. 50(6):427–431. 5236. Still, G.F. 1965. The History of Paediatrics: The Progress of the Study of Diseases of Children up to the End of the XVIIIth Century. London: Dawson’s of Pall Mall. 5237. Viner, R. 1999. Using the history of pediatrics. Health & History. 1(2–3):162–168. 5238. Yordan, E.E. and Yordan, R.A. 1997. The early historical roots of pediatric and adolescent gynecology. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 10(4):183–191.

Alchemy and Iatrochemistry 239. Dubs, H.H. 1961. The origin of alchemy. Ambix. 9(1):23–36. 5 5240. Frick, K. 1961. Introduction to literature on the history of alchemy. Sudhoffs Archiv. 45(2):147–163. 5241. Heym, G. 1937. An introduction to the bibliography of alchemy: Part 1. Ambix. 1(1):48–60. 5242. Martinón-Torres, M. 2011. Some recent developments in the historiography of alchemy. Ambix. 58(3):215–237. 5243. Newman, W.R. 2011. What have we learned from the recent historiography of alchemy? Isis. 102(2):313–321. 5244. Stapleton, H.E. 1953. The antiquity of alchemy. Ambix. 5(1–2):1–43. 5245. Wilson, B.A. and Willis, M.S. 2010. Percy Lavon Julian: Pioneer of medicinal chemistry synthesis. Lab Medicine. 41(11):688– 692.

Allergy and Immunology

5246. Ambrose, C.T. 2006. Immunology’s first priority dispute: An account of the 17th century Rudbeck-Bartholin feud. Cell Immunol. 242(1):1–8. 5247. Anderson, W., et al. 1994. Toward an unnatural history of immunology. J Hist Biol. 27(3):575–594.

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5248. Bergmann, K.C. and Ring, J. (Eds.). 2014. History of Allergy. Basel: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. 5249. Beisel, W.R. 1992. History of nutritional immunology: Introduction and overview. J Nutr. 122(S3):591–596. 5250. Bibel, D.J. 1988. Milestones in Immunology: A Historical Exploration. Madison, WI: Science Tech Publishers. 5251. Billington, W.D. 2015. Origins and evolution of reproductive immunology: A personal perspective. J Reprod Immunol. 108:2–5. 5252. Breneman, J.C. 1983. Overview of food allergy: Historical perspective. Ann Allergy. 51(2 Pt 2):220. 5253. Cambrosio, A., et al. 1994. Introduction: Immunology as a historical object. J Hist Biol. 27(3):375–378. 5254. Chernyak, L. and Tabuer, A.I. 1988. The birth of immunology: Metchnikoff, the embryologist. Cell Immunology. 117:218– 233. 5255. Cohen, S.G. 1979. The American Academy of Allergy: An historical review. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 64(5):332–466. 5256. Cruise, J.M., Jr. and Lewis, R.E. 2005. Historical Atlas of Immunology. London: Taylor & Francis. 5257. Germain, R.N. 2004. An innately interesting decade of research in immunology. Nat Med. 10(12):1307–1320. 5258. Harnik, E. 2017. A career in allergy medicine. BMJ. 359:j5335. 5259. Huber, B. 2006. 100 years of allergy: Clemens von Pirquet, his idea of allergy and its immanent concept of disease. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 118(19–20):573–579. [German] 5260. Huber, B. 2006. 100 years of allergy: Clemens von Pirquet, his concept of allergy and his basic understanding of the disease. 2. The Pirquet concept of allergy. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 118(23–24):718–727. [German] 5261. Igea, J.M. 2013. The history of the idea of allergy. Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 68:966–973. 5262. Jackson, M. 2003. Allergy and history. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 34(3):383–398. 5263. Jackson, M. 2007. Allergy: The History of a Modern Malady. London: Reaktion Books.

Allergy and Immunology

5264. Kaufmann. S.H.E. 2008. Immunology’s foundation: The 100year anniversary of the Nobel prize to Paul Ehrlich and Elie Metchnikoff. Nat Immunol. 9(7):705–712. 5265. Kaufmann. S.H.E. 2019. Immunology’s coming of age. Front Immunol. 10:684. 5266. Keating, P. and Cambrosio, A. 1997. Helpers and suppressors: On fictional characters in immunology. J Hist Biol. 30(3):381– 396. 5267. Lockey, R.F. 2014. Historical perspectives of allergy and immunology and allergen immunotherapy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 113:587–592. 5268. Moticka, E.J. 2015. A Historical Perspective on Evidence-Based Immunology. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 5269. Moulin, A.M. 1989. The immune system: A key concept for the history of immunology. Hist Phil Life Sci. 11(2):221–236. 5270. Pasqualini, C.D. 2009. Landmarks in the history of immunology: The rise and fall of the network theory. Medicina. 69(5):582. 5271. Paul, W.E. 1987. Between two centuries: Specificity and regulation in immunology. J Immunol. 139(1):1–6. 5272. Peterson, R.D.A. 2007. ‘Experiments of nature” and the new era of immunology: An historical perspective. Immunol Res. 38(1–3):55–63. 5273. Ravenna, E. 1950. Bibliographic notes on allergy. Annali d’igiene. 40(1):13–30. [French] 5274. Sankaran, N. 2012. The pluripotent history of immunology. Avant. 3(1):37–54. 5275. Schmalstieg, F.C., Jr. and Goldman, A.S. 2010. Birth of the science of immunology. J Med Biogr. 18(2):88–98. 5276. Silverstein, A.M. 1982. History of immunology. Development of the concept of immunologic specificity. I. Cell Immunol. 67:396–409. 5277. Silverstein, A.M. 1982. History of immunology. Development of the concept of immunologic specificity. II. Cell Immunol. 71(1):183–195. 5278. Silverstein, A.M. 1982. History of immunology. Development of the concept of immunologic specificity. III. Cell Immunol. 78:174–190.

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5279. Silverstein, A.M. 1983. History of immunology. Development of the concept of immunologic specificity. IV. Cell Immunol. 80(2):416–425. 5280. Silverstein, A.M. 1989. A History of Immunology. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. 5281. Silverstein, A.M. 1991. Ocular immunology: On the birth of a new discipline. Cell Immunology. 136(2):504–518. 5282. Silverstein, A.M. 1996. History of immunology: Paul Ehrlich, the founding of pediatric immunology. Cell Immunology. 174(1):1–6. 5283. Söderqvist, T. 1993. How to write the recent history of immunology: Is the time really ripe for a narrative synthesis? Immunol Today. 14(11):565–568. 5284. Söderqvist, T. and Stillwell, C. 1999. Essay review: The historiography of immunology is still in its infancy. J Hist Biol. 32:205–215. 5285. Stiehm, E.R. and Johnston, R.B. 2005. A history of pediatric immunology. Pediatr Res. 57(3):458–467. 5286. Tauber, A.I. 1991. The immunological self: A centenary perspective. Perspect Biol Med. 35(1):74–86. 5287. Tauber, A.I. 1992. The birth of immunology. III. The fate of the phagocytosis theory. Cell Immunology. 139(2):505–530. 5288. Tauber, A.I. 1997. Historical and philosophical perspectives concerning immune cognition. J Hist Biol. 30(3):419–440. 5289. Tauber, A.I. and Chernyak, L. 1989. The birth of immunology: II. Metchnikoff and his critics. Cell Immunology. 121(2):447– 473. 5290. Waldmann, T.A. 2003. The meandering 45-year odyssey of a clinical immunologist. Ann Rev Immunol. 21:1–27.

Anatomy and Physiology General History

5291. Adolph, E.F. 1961. Early concepts of physiological regulations. Physiol Rev. 41:739–770.

Anatomy and Physiology

5292. Aldersey-Williams, H. 2013. Anatomies: A Cultural History of the Human Body. W.W. Norton Co. 5293. Awad, I.A. 1995. Galen’s anecdote of the fallen sophist: On the certainty of science through anatomy. J Neurosurg. 83(5):929–932. 5294. Bacon, C.B. 1903. Historical epitome of anatomy. Brooklyn Med J. 17:20–24. 5295. Brooks, C. and Cranefield, P. F. (Eds.). 1959. The Historical Development of Physiological Thought. New York: Hafner Publishing Co. 5296. Bulbulian, A.H. 1961. Art in the service of anatomy. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 49:178–186. 5297. Cole, F.J. 1944. A History of Comparative Anatomy: From Aristotle to the 18th Century. London: MacMillan & Co. Ltd. 5298. Cole, F.J. and Eales, N.B. 1917. History of comparative anatomy Pt. 1. Statistical analysis of literature. Science Progress. 11(4):578–596. 5299. Conner, A. 2017. Galen’s Analogy: Animal experimentation and anatomy in the Second Century. Anthós. 8(1):9. 5300. Crozier, I. 2014. A Cultural History of the Human Body in the Modern Age. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. 5301. Dempster, J.H. 1914. Pathfinders of Physiology. Detroit: Detroit Medical Journal Co. 5302. Di Matteo, B., et al. 2015. Art in science: Giovanni Paolo Mascagni and the art of anatomy. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 473(3):783–788. 5303. Dunn, P.M. 2003. Galen (AD 129–200) of Pergamun: Anatomist and experimental physiologist. Arch Dis Child. 88(5):F441– F443. 5304. Fenn, W.O. (Ed.). 1968. History of the International Congresses of Physiological Sciences, 1889–1968. Baltimore: Waverly Press. 5305. Foster, M. 1970. Lectures on the History of Physiology: During the 16th, 17th, and 18th Centuries. New York: Dover Publications. 5306. Franklin, K.J. 1949. A Short History of Physiology. New York: Staples Press.

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5307. Fulton, J.F. 1930. A note on the origin of the term physiology. Yale J Biol Med. 3:59–62. 5308. Fulton, J.F. and Wilson, L.C. 1966. Selected Readings in the History of Physiology, 2nd Edition. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 5309. Hall, T.S. 1969. Ideas of Life and Matter: Studies in the History of General Physiology, 600 B.C.–1900 A.D. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 5310. Horstmanshoff, M., et al. (Eds.). 2000. Blood, Sweat and Tears: The Changing Concepts of Physiology from Antiquity into Early Modern Europe. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. 5311. Kalof, L. and Bynum, W. (Eds.). 2010. A Cultural History of the Human Body (6 Volumes). Berg Publishers. 5312. Luckhardt, A.B. 1945. The beginnings of physiology. Am J Pharm Educ. 9:299–312. 5313. O’Malley, C.D. 1958. The evolution of physiology. J Int Coll Surg. 30:115–127. 5314. Persaud, T.V.N. 1984. Early History of Human Anatomy from Antiquity to the Beginning of the Modern Era. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 5315. Persaud, T.V.N. 1997. A History of Anatomy: The Post Vesalian Era. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 5316. Prinzhorn, F. 1957. International bibliography: Human and vertebrate anatomy. Anat Anz. 104(11–16):49–80. 5317. Sakai, T. 2007. Historical evolution of anatomical terminology from ancient to modern. Anat Sci Int. 82:65–81. 5318. Schultheisz, E. (Ed.). 1981. History of Physiology. Pergamon. 5319. Shipley, A.E. 1901. Lectures on the History of Physiology. Cambridge University Press. 5320. Singer, C. 1958. A Short History of Anatomy and Physiology from the Greeks to Harvey. New York: Dover Publications. 5321. Standring, S. 2016. A brief history of topographical anatomy. J Anat. 229(1):32–62. 5322. Turmezei, T.D. 2012. The linguistic roots of modern English anatomical terminology. Clin Anat. 25(8):1015–1022.

Anatomy and Physiology

Cardiovascular and Circulatory System 5323. Aird, W.C. 2011. Discovery of the cardiovascular system: From Galen to William Harvey. J Thromb Haemost. 9(S1):118–129. 5324. Azizi, M-H., et al. 2008. A brief history of the discovery of the circulation of blood in the human body. Arch Iranian Med. 11(3):345–350. 5325. Bestetti, R.B., et al. 2014. Development of anatomophysiologic knowledge regarding the cardiovascular system: From Egyptians to Harvey. Arq Bras Cardiol. 103(6):538–545. 5326. Christopoulou-Aletra, H., et al. 2000. Hippocratic views with reference to the anatomical characteristics of “arteries” and “veins”. Int Angiol. 19(4):373. 5327. Coller, B.S. 2015. Blood at 70: Its roots in the history of hematology and its birth. Blood. 126(24):2548–2560. 5328. Crignon, C. 2011. The discovery of blood circulation: Revolution or overhaul? Gesnerus. 68(1):5–25. [English Abstract/French] 5329. Ghasemzadeh, N. and Zafari, A.M. 2011. A brief journey into the history of the arterial pulse. Cardiol Res Pract. 2011:164832. 5330. Hall, A.R. 1960. Studies on the history of the cardiovascular system. Bull Hist Med. 34(5):391–413. 5331. Kuijpers, P.M.J.C. 2020. History in medicine: The aortic valve. eJournal Cardiol Prat. 18(9). 5332. Loukas, M., et al. 2016. History of cardiac anatomy: A comprehensive review from the Egyptians to today. Clin Anat. 29:270–284. 5333. Marinković, S., et al. 2014. Heart in anatomy history, radiology, anthropology and art. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 73(2):103–112. 5334. Meletis, J. and Konstantopoulos, K. 2010. The beliefs, myths, and reality surrounding the word hema (blood) from Homer to the present. Anemia. 2010:857657. 5335. Nguyen, M. 2016. Prevailing theories in cardiovascular physiology during ancient and classical times. Einstein J Biol Med. 29(1):56–60.

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5336. Patwardhan, K. 2012. The history of the discovery of blood circulation: Unrecognized contributions of Ayurveda masters. Adv Physiol Educ. 36:77–82. 5337. Roberts. W., et al. 2019. Across the centuries: Piecing together the anatomy of the heart. Translational Research in Anatomy. 17:100051.

Cells, Tissues and Membranes 5338. Kalkan, K.T. and Esrefoglu, M. 2020. The cell membrane: A historical narration. Bezmiâlem Science. 8(1):81–88. 5339. Lombard, J. 2014. Once upon a time the cell membranes: 175 years of cell boundary research. Biol Direct. 9:32. 5340. Maulitz, R.C. 1973. A treatise of membranes: Concepts of tissue structure, function, and dysfunction, from Xavier Bichat to Julius Cohnheim. Doctoral Dissertation, Duke University. 5341. Rothstein, A. 1978. The cell membrane: A short historical perspective. Curr Topics Membr. 11:1–13. 5342. Singer, S.J. 2004. Some early history of membrane molecular biology. Annu Rev Physiol. 66:1–27. 5343. Teulón, A.A. 1982. Cell theory, a biological paradigm in 19th century biology. Dynamis. 2:241–262.

Digestive System

5344. Balalykin, D.A. 2019. Galen’s understanding of the digestive system in the context of the commensurability of medical knowledge in different periods. Bull Hist Med. 6(2):98–110. 5345. Baron, J.H. 1979. Discovery of gastric acid. Gastroenterology. 76:1056–1064. 5346. Bloch, H. 1987. Man’s curiosity about food digestion: An historical overview. J Natl Med Assoc. 79(11):1223–1227. 5347. Drumm, B.T. and Baker, S.A. 2017. Teaching a changing paradigm in physiology: A historical perspective on gut interstitial cells. Adv Physiol Educ. 41:100–109. 5348. Grand, R.J., et al. 1976. Development of the human gastrointestinal tract: A review. Gastroenterology. 70:790– 810.

Anatomy and Physiology

5349. Pagel, W. 1956. Van Helmont’s ideas on gastric digestion and the gastric juice. Bull Hist Med. 30(6):524–536.

Endocrine System

5350. Beach, F.A. 1981. Historical origins of modern research on hormones and behavior. Horm Behav. 15(4):325–376. 5351. Busnardo, A.C., et al. 1983. History of the pancreas. Am J Surg. 146:539–550. 5352. Chey W.Y. and Chang, T.M. 2003. Secretin: 100 years later. J Gastroenterol. 38(11):1025–1035. 5353. De Beer, G.R. 1923. The evolution of the pituitary. J Exp Biol. 1:271–291. 5354. Eknoyan, G. 1995. A history of the parathyroid glands. Am J Kidney Dis. 26(5):801–807. 5355. Folk, G.E., Jr. and Semken, H.A., Jr. 1991. The evolution of sweat glands. Int J Biometerol. 35:180–186. 5356. Furriel, F., et al. 2013. The history of the adrenal glands: From the bible to Jerome Conn. Eur Urol. 12:e1082. 5357. Gastineau, C.F. 2004. Remembrance of things adrenal: A historical perspective. Endocr Pract. 10(4):376–380. 5358. Henrickson, J.H. and de Muckadell, O.B. 2000. Secretin, its discovery and the introduction of the hormone concept. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 60(6):463–471. 5359. Howard, J.M. and Hess, W. 2002. History of the Pancreas: Mysteries of a Hidden Organ. New York: Kluwer Academic. 5360. Kafetzis, I-D., et al. 2011. The history of the parathyroid glands. Hormones. 10(1):80–84. 5361. Khatawkar, A.V. and Awati, S.M. 2015. Thyroid gland: Historical aspects, embryology, anatomy and physiology. International Archives of Integrated Medicine. 2(9):165–171. 5362. Lenard, A. 1951. The history of research on the adrenals 1563–1900. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 6:496–505. 5363. Leoutsakos, B. and Leoutsakos, A. 2008. The adrenal glands: A brief historical perspective. Hormones. 7(4):334–336. 5364. Liu, E.H. and Oberg, K. 2010. The history and development of the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine axis. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 39(4):697–711.

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5365. Long, C.A. 1969. The origin and evolution of mammary glands. Bioscience. 19(6):519–523. 5366. Lucchetti, G., et al. 2013. Historical and cultural aspects of the pineal gland: Comparison between the theories provided by Spiritism in the 1940s and the current scientific evidence. Neuroendocrinol Lett. 34(8):745–755. 5367. McGillion, F. 2002. The pineal gland and the ancient art of Iatromathematica. Journal of Scientific Exploration. 16(1):19– 43. 5368. Miller, J.F. 1996. Uncovering thymus function. Perspect Biol Med. 39(3):338–352. 5369. Miller, J.F. 2002. The discovery of thymus function and of thymus-derived lymphocytes. Immunol Rev. 185(1):7–14. 5370. Miller, J.F. 2019. A scientific odyssey: Uncovering the secrets of thymus function. Cell. 179:21–26. 5371. Modlin, I.M., et al. 2006. Evolution of the diffuse neuroendocrine system: Clear cells and cloudy origins. Neuroendocrinology. 84(2):69–82. 5372. Pearse, A.G. 1977. The diffuse endocrine (paracrine) system: Feyrter’s concept and its modern history. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol. 61:2–6. 5373. Shoja, M.M., et al. 2016. History of the pineal gland. Childs Nerv Syst. 32:583–586. 5374. Singh, S. and Basu, S. 2020. The human lacrimal gland: Historical perspectives, current understanding and recent advances. Curr Eye Res. DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1774065. 5375. Tando, Y., et al. 2010. A brief outline of the history of the pancreatic anatomy. Dig Surg. 27:84–86. 5376. Tata, J.R. 2005. One hundred years of hormones. EMBO Rep. 6(6):490–496. 5377. Williams, J.A. 2013. The noble pancreas: A historical perspective. Gastroenterology. 144:1166–1169. 5378. Young, R.H. 2005. A brief history of the pathology of the gonads. Mod Pathol. 18:S3–S17.

Anatomy and Physiology

Head and Neck 5379. Abadias, N.M. 2005. evolutionary pattens of the human skull. A quantitative genetic analysis of craniofacial phenotypic variation. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Barcelona. 5380. Alexander, K.S., et al. 2011. A morphometric study of the human ear. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 64:41–47. 5381. Goldsmith, T.H. 1990. Optimization, constraint, and history in the evolution of eyes. Q Rev Biol. 65(3):281–322. 5382. Hachmeister, J.E. 2003. An abbreviated history of the ear: From renaissance to present. Yale J Biol Med. 76(2):81–86. 5383. Lacruz, R.S., et al. 2019. The evolutionary history of the human face. Nat Ecol Evol. 3:726–736. 5384. Lydiatt, D.D. and Bucher, G. 2011. The historical evolution of the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. Clin Anat. 25(1):2–11. 5385. Mann, I.C. 1928. The Development of the Human Eye. Cambridge: The University Press. 5386. Mavrodi, A. and Paraskevas, G. 2013. Evolution of the paranasal sinuses anatomy through the ages. Anat Cell Biol. 46(4):235–238. 5387. Moro, F., et al. 1989. The anatomy and physiology of the optic nerve: Historical notes. Metab Pediatr Syst Ophthalmol. 12(1– 3):7–12. 5388. Retief, F., et al. 2008. The eye in antiquity. South Afr Med J. 98(9):697–700. 5389. Unal, N. and Elcioglu, O. 2009. Anatomy of the eye from the view of Ibn Al-Haithhan (965–1039). The founder of modern optics. Saudi Med J. 30(3):323–328. 5390. Walls, G.L. 1962. The evolutionary history of eye movements. Vision Res. 2:69–80. 5391. Wartofsky, M. 1981. Sigh, symbol and society: Toward a history of visual perception. Philosophic Exchange. 12(1):4.

Lymphatic System

5392. Chikly, B. 1997. Who discovered the lymphatic system? Lymphology. 30(4):186–193.

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5393. Choi, I., et al. 2012. The new era of the lymphatic system: No longer secondary to the blood vascular system. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2(4):1–23. 5394. de Bree, E., et al. 2018. The history of lymphatic anatomy and the contribution of Frederik Ruysch. Hellenic J Surg. 90:308– 314. 5395. Eales, N.B. 1974. The history of the lymphatic system, with special reference to the Hunter-Monro controversy. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 29(3):280–294. 5396. Grotte, G. 1979. The discovery of the lymphatic circulation. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. 463(Suppl):9. 5397. IJpma, F.F. and van Gulik, T.M. 2013. Anatomy lesson of Frederik Ruysch of 1670: A tribute to Ruysch’s contributions to lymphatic anatomy. World J Surg. 37(8):1996–2001. 5398. Irschick, R., et al. 2019. The history of anatomical research of lymphatics: From the ancient times to the end of the European Renaissance. Ann Anat. 223:49–69. 5399. Leeds, S.E. 1977. Three centuries of history of the lymphatic system. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 144(6):927–934. 5400. Loukas, M., et al. 2011. The lymphatic system: A historical perspective. Clin Anat. 24:807–816. 5401. Mayerson, H.S. 1969. Three centuries of lymphatic history: An outline. Lymphology. 2:143–150. 5402. McClusky, D.A., et al. 1999. Tribute to a triad: History of splenic anatomy, physiology, and surgery—Part 1. World J Surg. 23:311–325. 5403. Meyer-Burg, J. 1974. The lymph vessel system of the liver: A historical review (author’s transl). Leber Magen Darm. 4(6):257–261. 5404. Nakayama, D.K. 2017. The spleen: Superfluous organ or immunological wonder? The Pharos. 36–41. 5405. Natale, G. 2017. Scholars and scientists in the history of the lymphatic system. J Anat. 231(3). 5406. Oliver, G. and Detmar, M. 2002. The rediscovery of the lymphatic system: Old and new insights into the development and biological function of the lymphatic vasculature. Genes Dev. 16:773–783.

Anatomy and Physiology

5407. Olszewski, W.L.2002. Continuing discovery of the lymphatic system in the twenty-first century: A brief overview of the past. Lymphology. 35(3):99–104. 5408. Paraskevas, G.K., et al. 2016. Knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the spleen through antiquity and the early middle ages. Anat Sci Int. 91(1):43–55. 5409. Shields, J.W. 1994. Lymph, lymphomania, lymphotrophy, and HIV lymphocytopathy: An historical perspective. Lymphology. 27(1):21–40. 5410. Suy, R., et al. 2016. The discovery of lymphatic system in the seventeenth century. Part I. The early history. Acta Chir Belg. 116(4). 5411. Suy, R., et al. 2016. The discovery of lymphatic system in the seventeenth century. Part II. The discovery of Chyle vessels. Acta Chir Belg. 116(5). 5412. Suy, R., et al. 2016. The discovery of lymphatic system in the seventeenth century. Part III. The dethroning of the liver. Acta Chir Belg. 116(6).

Muscular System 5413. Bastholm, E. 1950. The History of Muscle Physiology. Copenhagen: Ejnar Munkgaard. 5414. Bozler, E. 1973. Smooth muscle physiology, past and future. Phil Trans R Soc Lond. 265:3–6. 5415. Musil, V., et al. 2015. The history of Latin terminology of human skeletal muscles (from Vesalius to the present). Surg Radiol Anat. 37(1):33–41. 5416. Sawi, T. 2019. The emergence of modern muscle names: The contribution to the foundation of systematic terminology of Vesalius, Sylvius, and Bauhin. Anat Sci Int. 94(1):23–38. 5417. Szent-Györgyi. A.G. 2004. The early history of the biochemistry of muscle contraction. J Gen Physiol. 123(6):631–641.

Nervous System

5418. Aboitiz, F. and Montiel, J. 2003. One hundred million years of interhemispheric communication: The history of the corpus callosum. Brazil J Med Biol Res. 36:409–420.

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5419. Ackerknecht, E.H. 1974. The history of the discovery of the vegetative (autonomic) nervous system. Med Hist. 18:1–8. 5420. Adeeb, N., et al. 2012. The cranial dura mater: A review of its history, embryology, and anatomy. Childs Nerv Syst. 28:827– 837. 5421. Barcia Goyanes, J.J. and Evans, N.R. 1995. Notes on the historical vocabulary of neuroanatomy. Hist Psychiatry. 6(24):471–482. 5422. Biswal, B.B., et al. 2010. Toward discovery science of human brain function. PNAS. 107(10):4734–4739. 5423. Corrales, C.E., et al. 2016. Perpetuation of errors in illustrations of cranial nerve anatomy. J Neurosurg. 127(1):192–198. 5424. Davis, M.C., et al. 2014. The naming of the cranial nerves: A historical review. Clin Anat. 27(1):14–19. 5425. Fernández-Gil, M.A., et al. 2010. Anatomy of the brainstem: A gaze into the stem of life. Semin Ultrasound. 31(3):196–219. 5426. Flamm, E.S. 1967. Historical observations on the cranial nerves. J Neurosurg. 27(4):285–297. 5427. Ghysen, A. 2003. The origin and evolution of the nervous system. Int J Dev Biol. 47:555–562. 5428. Glickstein, M., et al. 2009. Cerebellum: History. Neuroscience. 162(3):549–558. 5429. Grill-Spector, K. and Malach, R. 2004. The human visual cortex. Annu Rev Neurosci. 27:649–677. 5430. Gross, C.G. 2007. The discovery of motor cortex and its background. J Hist Neurosci. 16:320–331. 5431. Guth, L. 1975. History of central nervous system regeneration research. Exp Neurol. 48(3):3–15. 5432. Johal, J., et al. 2018. The early history of our understanding of the functions of the spinal cord. Childs Nerv Syst. 34:2123– 2125. 5433. Kanne, S.M. and Finger, S. 1999. Konstantin M. Bykov and the discovery of the role of the corpus callosum. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 54(4):572–590. 5434. Karenberg, A. 2009. Cerebral localization in the 18th century: An overview. J Hist Neurosci. 18:248–253.

Anatomy and Physiology

5435. Lawrenson, C., et al. 2018. The mystery of the cerebellum: Clues from experimental and clinical observations. Cerebellum Ataxias. 5:8. 5436. Liddelow, S.A. 2011. Fluids and barriers of the CNS: A historical viewpoint. BMC. 8:2. 5437. Mai, J.K. and Majtanik, M. 2019. Toward a common terminology for the thalamus. Front Neuroanat. 12:114. 5438. Niven, J.E. and Chittka, L. 2016. Evolving understanding of nervous system evolution (guest editorial). Curr Biol. 26:R937–R941. 5439. Oakes, P.C., et al. 2016a. A history of the autonomic nervous system. Part I. From Galen to Bichat. Childs Nerv Syst. 32(12). 5440. Oakes, P.C., et al. 2016b. A history of the autonomic nervous system. Part II. From Reil to the modern era. Childs Nerv Syst. 32(12). 5441. Olry, R. 1996. Winslow’s contribution to our understanding of the cervical portion of the sympathetic nervous system. J Hist Neurosci. 5(2):190–196. 5442. Pearce, J.M. 2007. The development of spinal cord anatomy. Eur Neurol. 59:286–291. 5443. Pearce, J.M. 2017. Samuel Thomas Soemmerring (1755– 1830): The naming of cranial nerves. Eur Neurol. 77(5– 6):303–306. 5444. Petaros, A. 2007. Understanding the brain through the history. Acta Med Hist Adriat. 5(2):141–148. [English Summary/ Croatian] 5445. Retief, F. and Cilliers, L. 2008. The nervous system in antiquity. S Afr Med J. 98:768–772. 5446. Rocca, J. 2003. Galen on the Brain: Anatomical Knowledge and Physiological Speculation in the Second Century A.D. Leiden: Brill. 5447. Rucker, C.W. 1966. History of the numbering of the cranial nerves. Mayo Clin Proc. 41(7):453–461. 5448. Shaw, J.P. 1992. A history of the enumeration of the cranial nerves by European and British anatomists from the time of Galen to 1895, with comments on nomenclature. Clin Anat. 5(6):466–484.

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5449. Sheehan, D. 1936. Discovery of the autonomic nervous system. AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry. 35(5):1081–1115. 5450. Squire, L.R. 2004. Memory systems of the brain: A brief history and current perspective. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 82:171–177. 5451. Swanson, L.W. 2007. Quest for the basic plan of nervous system circuitry. Brain Res Rev. 55(2):356–372. 5452. Swanson, L.W. 2015. Neuroanatomical Terminology: A Lexicon of Classical Origins and Historical Foundations. New York: Oxford University Press. 5453. Walshe, T.M. 2016. Neurological Concepts in Ancient Greek Medicine. Oxford University Press.

Reproductive System

5454. Bribiescas, R.G., et al. 2012. Male life history, reproductive effort, and the evolution of the genus Homo. Current Anthropology. 53(S6):S424–S435. 5455. Cobb, M. 2012. An amazing 10 years: The discovery of egg and sperm in the 17th century. Reprod Dom Anim. 47(S4): 2–6. 5456. Cole, H.H. 1990. Controversy and the development of the reproductive sciences. Social Problems. 37(1):18–37. 5457. Ellison, P. 2001. On Fertile Ground: A Natural History of Human Reproduction. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Respiratory System

5458. Fitting, J-W. 2015. From breathing to respiration. Respiration. 89:82–87. 5459. Gandeva, B. 1970. The breath of life: An essay on the earliest history of respiration. Part 1. Aust J Physiother. 16(1):5–11. 5460. Gandeva, B. 1970. The breath of life: An essay on the earliest history of respiration. Part 2. Aust J Physiother. 16(2):57–69. 5461. Underwood, E.A. 1943. Lavoisier and the history of respiration. Proc R Soc Med. 37:247–262. 5462. West, J.B. 2011. History of respiratory gas exchange. Compr Physiol. 1(3):1509–1523.

Anatomy and Physiology

5463. West, J.B. 2013. Marcello Malpighi and the discovery of the pulmonary capillaries and alveoli. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 304:L383–L390. 5464. Widdicombe, J. 2006. Reflexes from the lungs and airways: Historical perspective. J Appl Physiol. 101:628–634.

Skeletal System

5465. Benedick, T.G. 2006. A history of the understanding of cartilage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 14:203–209. 5466. Bianco, P. 2015. Stem cells and bone: A historical perspective. Bone. 70:2–9. 5467. Blanc, Y. and Dimancio, U. 2009. History of the study of skeletal muscle function with emphasis on kinesiology electromyography. Open Rehab J. 3(1):84–93. 5468. Cavaignac, E., et al. 2016. Historical perspective on the “discovery” of the anterolateral ligament of the knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 25(4). 5469. Evans, F.G. 1967. Bibliography on the physical properties of the skeletal system. Artif Limbs. 11(2):48–66. 5470. Granger, A. 2017. Osborne’s ligament: A review of its history, anatomy, and surgical importance. Cureus. 9(3):e1080. 5471. Pässler, H.H. 1993. The history of the cruciate ligaments: Some forgotten (or unknown) facts from Europe. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1:13–16. 5472. Switek, B. 2019. Skeleton Keys: The Secret Life of Bone. New York: Riverhead Books.

Urinary System

5473. Andreucci, V.E. 1972. About the glomerulus. Kidney Int. 2:349–351. 5474. Berliner, R.W., et al. 1987. Renal Physiology: People and Ideas. Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society. 5475. From, J. 2015. Carl Ludwig and his place in the history of kidney physiology. Dan Medicinhist Arbog. 43:37–70. [Danish] 5476. Greydanus, D.E. and Kadochi, M. 2016. Reflections on the medical history of the kidney: From Alcmaeon of Croton to

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Richard Bright: Standing on the shoulders of giants. Journal of Integrative Nephrology & Andrology. 3(4):101–107. 5477. Morel, F. 1999. The loop of Henle, a turning point in the history of kidney physiology. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 14(10):2510– 2515. 5478. Purkerson, M.L. and Wechsler, L. 1997. Depictions of the kidney through the ages. Am J Nephrol. 17:340. 5479. Thomas-White, K., et al. 2016. The bladder is not sterile: History and current discoveries on the urinary microbiome. Curr Bladder Dysfunct Rep. 11(1):18–24.

Anesthesiology 5480. Abraham, A.A. 2015. Who named it anaesthesia? Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia & Analgesia. 21(1):5–7. 5481. Atkinson, R.B. and Boulton, T.B. (Eds.). 1988. The History of Anaesthesia. London: Royal Society of Medicine Press. 5482. Bryant, E.A. 1926. The discovery of anesthesia. J Am Dent Assoc. 13(8):1112–1118. 5483. Chivukula, S., et al. 2014. A brief history of early neuroanaesthesia. Neurosurg Focus. 36(4):E2. 5484. Cole, F. 1965. Milestones in Anesthesia. Readings in the Development of Surgical Anesthesia, 1665–1940. University of Nebraska Press. 5485. Cooper, M.G. 2007. A bibliography of articles on the history of anaesthesia and medicine in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 1972–2005. Anaesth Intensive Care. 35(S1):37–42. 5486. Davison, M.H.A. 1956. The evolution of anesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 28:276. 5487. Drury, P.M.E. 2000. Published anaesthesia history. Current Anaesthesia & Critical Care. 11(6):338–343. 5488. Dumas, A. 1932. The history of anesthesia. JNMA. 24(1):6–9. 5489. Duncum, B.M. 1946. Ether anaesthesia 1842–1900. Postgrad Med J. 22(252):280–290. 5490. Duncum, B.M. 1947. The Development of Inhalation Anesthesia, With Special Reference to the Years 1846–1900. London: Oxford University Press.

Anesthesiology

5491. Farr, A.D. 1980. Early opposition to obstetric anaesthesia. Anaesthesia. 35:896–907. 5492. Faulconer, A., Jr. and Keys, T.E. 1965. Foundations of Anesthesiology (2 Volumes). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 5493. Grande, A.F. 1976. Historical evolution of anesthesiology as a medical specialty. Rev Anestesiol Reanim. 23(1):1–12. [Spanish] 5494. Greene, N.M. 1996. Dr. Gwenifer Wilson: First laureate of the history of anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 85:703–705. 5495. Horine, E.F. 1946. Episodes in the history of anesthesia. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 1(4):521–526. 5496. Kociecki, J. 2002. Historical outline of development of ophthalmic anesthesiology. Part I. Klin Oczna. 104(5–6):424– 427. [Polish] 5497. Kociecki, J. 2003. Historical outline of developments in ophthalmic anesthesiology. Part 2. Klin Oczna. 105(3– 4):237–239. [Polish] 5498. Leake, C.D. 1925. The historical development of surgical anesthesia. Sci Mon. 20(3):304–328. 5499. Long, C. 1849. An account of the first use of sulphuric ether by inhalation as an anaesthetic in surgical operations. Southern Medical Surgical Journal. 5:705–713. 5500. Luckhardt, A.B. 1930. Historical high lights and shadows in the discovery of general anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 9(6):241– 253. 5501. Matioc, A.A. 2017. An anesthesiologist’s perspective on the history of basic airway management: The ‘artisanal anesthetic’ era 1846–1904. Anesthesiology. 126:394–408. 5502. Matioc, A.A. 2018. An anesthesiologist’s perspective on the history of basic airway management: The “progressive” era, 1904 to 1960. Anesthesiology. 128:254–271. 5503. Mattern, H.R. 1963. A history of anesthesia. Henry Ford Hosp Med J. 11(2):247–258. 5504. Menczer, L.F. and Jacobson, P.H. 1992. Dr. Horace Wells: The discoverer of general anesthesia. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 50(5):506–509.

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5505. Raper, H.R. 1945. Man Against Pain: The Epic of Anesthesia. New York: Prentice Hall. 5506. Robinson, D.H. and Toledo, A.H. 2012. Historical development of modern anesthesia. J Invest Surg. 25:141–149. 5507. Robinson, V. 1946. Victory Over Pain: A History of Anesthesia. New York: Henry Schuman. 5508. Schober, P. and Loer, S.A. 2006. Closed system anaesthesia: Historical aspects and recent developments. Eur J Anaesth. 23(11):914–920. 5509. Smith, W.D.A. 1982. Under the Influence. A History of Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Anaesthesia. London: Macmillan. 5510. Snow, S.J. 2008. Blessed Days of Anaesthesia: How Anaesthetics Changed the World. Oxford University Press. 5511. Strätling, M.W.M. 2020. The history of “modern” anesthesia technology: A critical reappraisal. J Anesth Hist. 6(3):101– 109. 5512. Swan, H.J.C. 1989. Hemodynamic monitoring in anesthesiology: Past, present and future. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 3(3):356–360. 5513. Sykes, K. and Bunker, J. 2008. Anesthesia and the Practice of Medicine: Historical Perspectives. London: The Royal Society Medicine Press. 5514. Thatcher, V.S. 1984. The History of Anesthesia. New York: Garland Publishing Co. 5515. Urman, R.D. and Desai, S.P. 2012. History of anesthesia for ambulatory surgery. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 25(6):641–647. 5516. Vandam, L.D. 1967. Walter M. Boothby, MD: The wellsprings of anesthesiology. N Engl J Med. 276(10):558–563. 5517. Verma, R., et al. 2015. Anesthesiologist: The silent force behind the scenes. Anesth Essays Res. 9(3):293–297. 5518. Vila, M.S. 1988. Experimental anesthesiology: A bibliographical note. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 35(2):112– 113. [Spanish] 5519. Webster, N.R. and Galley, H.F. (Eds.). 2012. Landmark Papers in Anaesthesia. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 5520. Whalen, F.X., et al. 2005. Inhaled anesthetics: An historical overview. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 19(3):323–330.

Aviation and Aerospace Medicine

5521. Wright, A.J. 2009. Untapped sources for anesthesia history. Bull Anesth Hist. 27(2):28–32.

Astrologic Medicine 5522. Cartwright, F.F. 1977. Medical astrology and its relation to modern psychiatry. Proc R Soc Med. 70:105–110. 5523. Nauman, E. 1993. Medical Astrology. Cottonwood, AZ: The Author. 5524. Phillips, H., Jr. 1867. Medicine and Astrology. Philadelphia: Ashmead. 5525. Saif, L. 2011. The Arabic theory of astral influences in early modern medicine. Renaissance Studies. 25(5):609–626. 5526. Sharma, B.K., et al. 2007. Contribution of astrology in medicine: A review. J Ind Inst Hist Med. 37:45–62. 5527. Unknown Author. 1910. Raphael’s Medical Astrology or the Effects of the Planets and Signs Upon the Human Body. London: W. Foulsham & Co. Ltd. 5528. White, F.R. and Hollingsworth, R. 1899. Medical Astrology. Minneapolis, MN: Aetna Pub Co.

Aviation and Aerospace Medicine

5529. AGARD. 1993. Aircraft Flight Safety: A Bibliography (AGARD-R-805). Neuilly Sur Seine, France. 5530. Bauer, L.H. 1943. Aviation medicine—a brief history: The physical qualifications for flying; oxygen want and the use of supplementary oxygen. Ann Intern Med. 18(1):15–20. 5531. Benford, R.J. 1979. The Heritage of Aviation Medicine: An Annotated Directory of Early Artifacts. Washington, D.C.: Aerospace Medical Association. 5532. Chesbro, W.P. 1969. The role of medicine in aviation safety. Calif Med. 111(1):55–56. 5533. Collins, W.E. and Wade, K. 2005. A Milestone of Aeromedical Research Contributions to Civil Aviation Safety: The 1000th Report in the CARI/OAM Series (DOT/FAA/AM-05/3). Washington, D.C.: Office of Aerospace Medicine.

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5534. Collins, W.E. and Wayda, M.E. 2012. Index of FAA Office of Aviation Medicine Reports, 1961–2012 (DOT/FAA/AM-13/1). Washington, D.C.: Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Aviation Medicine. 5535. Engle, E. and Lott, A.S. 1979. Man in Flight: Biomedical Achievements in Aerospace. Annapolis: Leeward Publications. 5536. Federal Aviation Agency. 1964. Aviation Medical Papers and Reports: A Bibliography (AM-64-20). Washington, D.C.: Office of Aviation Medicine. 5537. Fulton, J.F. 1948. Aviation Medicine in its Preventive Aspects: An Historical Account. London: Oxford University Press. 5538. Fulton, J.F. and Hoff, E.C. 1942. A Bibliography of Aviation Medicine. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 5539. Guimaraes, G. 1953. Bibliography of aviation medicine. Rev Med Aeronaut. 5(1):129–132. 5540. Hodkinson, P.D., et al. 2017. An overview of space medicine. Br J Anaesthesia. 119:143–153. 5541. Hoff, E.C. and Fulton, J.A. 1942. A Bibliography of Aviation Medicine. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 5542. Johnson, M.E. 1943. The history and development of aviation medicine. J Natl Med Assoc. 35(6):194–199. 5543. Koonce, J.M. 1984. A brief history of aviation psychology. Hum Factors. 26(5):499–508. 5544. Looney, J.J. 1979. Bibliography of Space Books and Articles from Non-Aerospace Journals 1957–1977 (HHR-51). Washington, D.C.: NASA Headquarters, History Office. 5545. Mackowski, M.P. 2005. Testing the Limits: Aviation Medicine and the Origins of Manned Space Flight. College Station, TX: A&M University Press. 5546. Miller, S.D. 1986. An Aerospace Bibliography. Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History. 5547. Mitchell, R.E. 1992. Aviation Medicine Research: A Historical Review (NAMRL Special Report 92-3). Pensacola, FL: Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory. 5548. National Research Council. 1946. Bibliography on Aviation Medicine. Washington, D.C.: Division of Medical Sciences. 5549. Noble, E.C. 1959. The history and challenge of aviation medicine. Med Serv J Can. 15(3):199–205.

Biomedical and Biomedicine

5550. Olmsted, J.M.D. 1951. Father of aviation medicine. Scientific American. 186(1):66–72. 5551. Peyton, G. 1968. Fifty Years of Aerospace Medicine: Its Evolution Since the Founding of the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine in January 1918 (AFSC Historical Publications Series No. 67-180). Brooks Air Force Base, Texas. 5552. Pool, S.L. and Davis, J.R. 2007. Space medicine roots: A historical perspective for the current direction. Aviat Space Environ Med. 78(S4):A3–A4. 5553. Robinson, D.H. 1973. The Dangerous Sky: A History of Aviation Medicine. Seattle: University of Washington Press. 5554. Roos, C.A. 1959. Bibliography of space medicine. US Armed Forces Med J. 10(2):172–217. 5555. Unknown Author. 1950. Bibliography of aviation medicine. Rev Med Aeronaut. 5(2):199–204. 5556. Williams, D.R. 2001. A historical overview of space medicine. McGill J Med. 6(1).

Barber Surgeon 5557. Ackernecht, E.H.1984. From barber-surgeon to modern doctor. Bull Hist Med. 58(4):545–553. 5558. Bagwell, C.E. 2005. ‘Respectful image’: Revenge of the barbersurgeon. Ann Surg. 241(6):872–878. 5559. Cameron, J. 1921. The passing of the barber-surgeon. The Dalhousie Review. 1(3):301–307. 5560. Parker, G. 1912. The barber surgeons. Bristol Med Chir J. 30(118):327–338.

Biomedical and Biomedicine 5561. Anderson, W. 2014. Making global health history: The postcolonial worldliness of biomedicine. Social History of Medicine. 27(2):372–384. 5562. Arnold, A. 2017. The Evolution of Bioelectronic Medicine: Reprogramming the Body to Fight Disease With Electricity. Valencia, CA: SetPoint Medical.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5563. Biomedical Engineering Society. Celebrating 35 Years of Biomedical Engineering: An Historical Perspective. Landover, MD. 5564. Bruchhausen, W. 2010. ‘Biomedicine’ in anthropological literature. The career of a concept between analysis and polemics. NTM. 18(4):497–522. [English Abstract/German] 5565. Cambrosio, A. and Keating, P. 2003. What is biomedicine? A socio-historical outline. Medecine/Sciences. 19(12):1280– 1287. 5566. Franco, N.H. 2013. Animal experiments in biomedical research: A historical perspective. Animals. 3:238–273. 5567. Hahn, R.A. and Kleinman, A. 1983. Biomedical practice and anthropological theory: Frameworks and directions. Annu Rev Anthropol. 12:305–333. 5568. Hannaway, C. (Ed.). 2008. Biomedicine in the Twentieth Century: Practices, Policies and Politics. Amsterdam: IOS Press. 5569. Huebsch, N. and Mooney, D.J. 2009. Inspiration and application in the evolution of biomaterials. Nature. 462(7272):426–432. 5570. Lee, T.J. 1993. A medico-historical review on biomedicine and its limitations and problems. Korean J Med Hist. 1:1–9. [English Abstract/Korean] 5571. Lock, M. and Nguyen, V-K. 2018. An Anthropology of Biomedicine (2nd Edition). Wiley. 5572. Löwy, I. 2011. Historiography of biomedicine: “Bio,” “Medicine,” and in between. Isis. 102:116–122. 5573. Narayan, R.J. 2010. The next generation of biomaterial development. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 368:1831– 1837. 5574. Quirke, V. and Gaudillière, J-P. 2008. The era of Biomedicine: Science, medicine, and public health in Britain and France after the second world war. Med Hist. 52(4):441–452. 5575. Ratner, B.D. 2019. Biomaterials: Been there, done that, and evolving into the future. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 21:171–191. 5576. Rodgers, M.M. and Cavanagh, P.R. 1984. Glossary of biomechanical terms, concepts, and units. Phys Ther. 64(12):1886–1902.

Burn Medicine

5577. Sargent, M.G. 2005. Biomedicine and the Human Condition: Challenges, Risks, and Rewards. Cambridge University Press. 5578. Schwan, H.P. 1984. The development of biomedical engineering: Historical comments and personal observations. IEEE Trans Biomed. BME-31(12):730–736. 5579. Strasser, B.J. 2014. Biomedicine: Meanings, Assumptions, and Possible Futures (SSIC Report 1). Berne: The Swiss Science & Innovation Council.

Burn Medicine

5580. Al-Mousawi, A.M., et al. 2008. History of metabolic treatments in burn care. Wounds. 20(7):185–191. 5581. Artz, C.P. 1970. Historical aspects of burn management. Surg Clin North Am. 50(6):1193–1200. 5582. Artz, C.P. and Soroff, H.S. 1955. Modern concepts in the treatment of burns. JAMA. 159(5):411–417. 5583. Blocker, T.G. and Blocker, V. 1963. Burns Bibliography 1952– 1962 (USPHS Contract Report No. 86-62-165). Galveston, TX: University of Texas, Department of Surgery. 5584. Feller, I. 1969. International Bibliography on Burns: Thermal, Electrical, Chemical, Radiation, Cold Injuries. Ann Arbor, MI: American Burn Research Corporation. 5585. Gupta, J.L. 2005. History of burn care. Indian Journal of Burns. 3:7 5586. Gupta, J.L. 2009. History of burn care. Part II. Indian Journal of Burns. 17(1):2–4. 5587. Hattery, E., et al. 2015. Burn care in the 1800s. J Burn Care Res. 36(1):236–239. 5588. Hussain, A. and Choukairi, F. 2013. To cool or not to cool: Evolution of the treatment of burns in the 18th century. Int J Surg. 11(7):503–506. 5589. Kearney, L., et al. 2018. New technologies in global burn care: A review of recent advances. Int J Burns Trauma. 8(4):77–87. 5590. Kirkpatrick, J.J.R., et al. 1995. A modern translation and interpretation of the treatise on burns of Fabricius Hildanus (1560–1634). Br J Plast Surg. 48(7):460–470.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5591. Königová, R. 2004. History of burn medicine. Acta Chir Plast. 46(2):37–38. 5592. Liu, H-F., et al. 2017. History and advancement of burn treatments. Ann Plast Surg. 78(2):S2–S8. 5593. Pinnegar, M.D. and Pinnegar III, F.C. 1986. History of burn care: A survey of important changes in the topical treatment of thermal injuries. Burns. 12(7):508–517. 5594. Pruitt, B.A. and Wolf, S.E. 2009. An historical perspective on advances in burn care over the past 100 years. Clin Plast Surg. 36(4):527–545. 5595. Thomsen, M. 1977. Historical landmarks in the treatment of burns. Br J Plast Surg. 30:212–217. 5596. Van Hee, R. 2007. From fat of old pigs to fenestrated skin grafts: A fascination history of burn’s treatment. Acta Chir Belg. 107(4):481–492.

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine 5597. Acierno, L.J. 1994. The History of Cardiology. Pear River, NY: Press. 5598. Attie, F. and Buendía Hernández A. 1998. Pediatric cardiology from its beginnings to the century that approaches. Arch Cardiol Mex. 68(2):101–105. [Spanish] 5599. Bing, R.J. 1999. Cardiology: The Evolution of the Science and the Art. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. 5600. Bishop, L.F. and Neilson, J. Jr. 1927. History of Cardiology. New York: Medical Life Press. 5601. Braunwald, E. 1997. Cardiovascular medicine at the turn of the millennium: Triumphs, concerns, and opportunities. N Engl J Med. 337(19):1360–1369. 5602. Braunwald, E. 2012. The rise of cardiovascular medicine. Eur Heart J. 33(7):838–845. 5603. Braunwald, E. 2014. The ten advances that have defined modern cardiology. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 24(5):179–183. 5604. Cerisano, S., et al. 1996. Cardiologic culture on both sides of the Atlantic, or gratitude to the masters of Italian cardiology. G Ital Cardiol (Rome). 26(7):839–841. [Italian]

Clinical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine

5605. Franklin, K.J. 1952. The history of circulatory research. Trans Stud Coll Physicians Phila. 20:23. 5606. Fye, W.B. 1986. The History of Cardiology: A Bibliography of Secondary Sources. Washington, D.C.: National Library of Medicine. 5607. Herrick, J.B. 1942. A Short History of Cardiology. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 5608. Mehta, N.J. and Khan, I.A. 2002. Cardiology’s 10 greatest discoveries of the 20th century. Texas Heart Inst J. 29:164– 171. 5609. Ranhel, A.S. and Tinoco, M.E. 2016. The middle ages contributions to cardiovascular medicine. Bras J Cardiovasc Surg. 31(2):163–170. 5610. Reichert, P. 1978. A history of the development of cardiology as a medical specialty. Clin Cardiol. 1:5. 5611. Rydén, L. 2013. Early achievements in cardiovascular care as reflected in the Journal of Internal Medicine. J. Intern Med. 274:529–540. 5612. Savona, V.C. and Grech, V. 1999. Concepts in cardiology: A historical perspective. Images Paediatr Cardiol. 1(1):22–31. 5613. Snellen, H.A. 1984. History of Cardiology. Rotterdam: Donker Academic Publications. 5614. van der Wall, E.E. 2013. Milestones in cardiovascular medicine: 10 or more? Neth Heart J. 21:527–529. 5615. Willius, F.A. and Dry, T.J. 1948. A History of the Heart and Circulation. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.

Clinical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine

5616. Berger, D. 1999. A brief history of medical diagnosis and the birth of the clinical laboratory. Part 1. Ancient times through the 19th century. Med Lab Obs. 31(7):28–30. 5617. Bertholf, R.L. 2020. The history of Laboratory Medicine Part 1: 1970–1977; Laboratory Medicine moves ahead. Lab Med. 51(1):7–11. 5618. Bhatt, A. 2010. Evolution of clinical research: A history before and beyond James Lind. Perspect Clin Res. 1(1):6–10.

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5619. Boone, D.J. 1988. Evaluating laboratory performance. Historical and governmental perspectives. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 112(4):354–356. 5620. Burke, M.D. 2000. Laboratory medicine in the 21st century. Am J Clin Pathol. 114(6):841–846. 5621. Büttner, J. 1992. The origin of clinical laboratories. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 30:585–593. 5622. Chin-Yee, B.H. and Upshur, R.E. 2015. Historical thinking in clinical medicine: Lessons from R.G. Collingwood’s philosophy of history. J Eval Clin Pract. 21(3):448–454. 5623. Collen, M.F. 1990. Clinical research databases: A historical review. J Med Syst. 14(6):323–344. 5624. Collinson, P. 2017. Laboratory medicine is faced with the evolution of medical practice. J Med Biochem. 36(3):211–215. 5625. Cunningham, A. and Williams, P. (Eds.). 2002. The Laboratory Revolution in Medicine. Cambridge University Press. 5626. Daniel, T.M. and Young, B.A. 1990. Landmark articles and citation classics in the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. J Lab Clin Med. 116(6):755–756. 5627. Dorsey, D.B. 1989. Evolving concepts of quality in laboratory practice. A historical overview of quality assurance in clinical laboratories. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 113(12):1329–1334. 5628. Fletcher, R.H. 1983. Clinical research methods: An annotated bibliography. Ann Intern Med. 99:419–424. 5629. Gerke, A.A. 1970. History of the journal “Clinical Medicine” (1920–1935). Klinicheskaia Meditsina. 48(8):173–176. [Russian] 5630. Glasziou, P. and Aronson, J.K. 2018. A brief history of clinical evidence updates and bibliographic databases. J R Soc Med. 111(8):292–301. 5631. Goldberg, A. 1969. Recent advances in clinical medicine. Scott Med J. 14(11):395–400. 5632. Gooday, G. 2008. Placing or replacing the Laboratory in the History of Science? Isis. 99(4):783–795. 5633. Holmes, G. 1946. The evolution of clinical medicine as illustrated by the history of epilepsy. BMJ. 2:4461–4464.

Clinical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine

5634. Kapp, M.B. 1993. The legal status of clinical practice parameters: An annotated bibliography. Am J Med Qual. 8(1):24–27. 5635. Kohler, R.E. 2008. Lab history: Reflections. Isis. 99(4):761– 768. 5636. Komatireddy, R. and Topol, E.J. 2012. Medicine unplugged: The future of laboratory medicine. Clin Chem. 58(12):1644– 1647. 5637. Körber, F. and Plebani, M. 2013. 50th anniversary of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine: A historical overview. Clin Chem Lab Med. 51(1):9–37. 5638. Kricka, L.J. and Savory, J. 2011. A guide to the history of clinical chemistry. Clin Chem. 57:8. 5639. Kricka, L.J., et al. 2015. The future of laboratory medicine: A 2014 perspective. Clin Chim Acta. 438:284–303. 5640. Lee, H.J., et al. 2017. Origins and history of laboratory medicine. Lab Med. 7(2):53–58. 5641. Lee, J.C. 1994. A comparative analysis of two historical approaches to the formation of the modern clinical medicine. Korean J Med Hist. 3(2):193–207. [Korean] 5642. Lippi, G. 2019. The origin of some laboratory medicine milestones. J Lab Precis Med. 4:14. 5643. Lippi, G., et al. 2016. The future of laboratory medicine in the era of precision medicine. J Lab Precis Med. 1(7):1–5. 5644. Liras, A. 2005. From Hippocrates to genomics in clinical medicine. Med Clin (Barc). 124(12):457–460. [Spanish] 5645. Napoli, A.M. and Jagoda, A. 2007. Clinical policies: Their history, future, medical legal implications, and growing importance to physicians. J Emerg Med. 33(4):425–432. 5646. Norman, G. 2005. Research in clinical reasoning: Past history and current trends. Med Edu (Chicago). 39:418–427. 5647. Ottowitz, W.E. III and Halbreich, U. 1993. Introducing the student and trainee to biomedical experimentation: A selective annotated bibliography. Postgrad Med J. 69:728– 732. 5648. Plebani, M. 2017. Quality in laboratory medicine: 50 years on. Clin Biochem. 50(3):101–104.

401

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5649. Price, C.P. 2010. Roots, development and future directions of laboratory medicine. Clin Chem Lab Med. 48(7):903–909. 5650. Reuler, J.B., et al. 1982. Education for clinical medicine: An annotated bibliography of recent literature. Ann Intern Med. 97(4):624–629. 5651. Rich, B.A. 2002. Prognostication in clinical medicine: Prophecy or professional responsibility? J Leg Med. 23(2):297–358. 5652. Rosenfeld, L. 1999. Four Centuries of Clinical Chemistry. New York: Taylor & Francis. 5653. Rosenfeld, L. 2000. A golden age of clinical chemistry 1948– 1960. Clin Chem. 46:10. 5654. Saunders, J. 2000. The practice of clinical medicine as an art and as a science. J Med Humanit. 26:18–22. 5655. Siegler, M. 2019. Clinical medical ethics: Its history and contributions to American medicine. J Clin Ethics. 30(1):17– 26. 5656. Soni, A., et al. 2021. Imagist poetry and clinical medicine: Arts of observation, precision, and expression. Acad Med. 96(8):1148.

Collective, Community, Public, Rural, and Social Medicine 5657. Afifi, A.A. and Breslow, L. 1994. The maturing paradigm of public health. Annu Rev Public Health. 15:223–235. 5658. Barber, C.R. 1987. Half a Century of Social Medicine. An Annotated Bibliography of the Work of Alice M. Stewart. Billinghurst: The Piers Press. 5659. Bayer, R. and Galea, S. 2015. Public health in the precisionmedicine era. N Engl J Med. 373:499–501. 5660. Berridge, V. 1997. History in public health: A new development for history? Hygiea Int. 1(1):23–35. 5661. Berridge, V. 2000. History in public health: Who needs it? Lancet. 356:1923–1925. 5662. Bhugra, D. 2014. All medicine is social. J R Soc Med. 107(5):183–186.

Collective, Community, Public, Rural, and Social Medicine

5663. Birn, A-E. 2009. The stages of international (global) health: Histories of success or successes of history? Glob Public Health. 4(1):50–68. 5664. Brickner, P.W. 1976. Is there a discipline of community medicine? Am J Med. 60:936–940. 5665. Brown, J.R. 1965. A select bibliography of public health and preventive medicine. Med Serv J Can. 21(9):645–677. 5666. Deuschle, K.W. and Bosch. S.J. 1995. Community medicine: An urban model. J Community Health. 20(6):459–472. 5667. Deuschle, K.W. and Eberson, F. 1968. Community medicine comes of age. Acad Med. 43(12):1229–1237. 5668. Dyal, W.W. 1995. Ten organizational practices of public health: A historical perspective. Am J Prev Med. 11(S2):6–8. 5669. Eisenberg, L. 1999. Does social medicine still matter in an era of molecular medicine? J Urban Health. 76(2):164–175. 5670. Falk, L.A. 1978. Social medicine in a historical perspective: Contributions by George Rosen. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 3:258– 265. 5671. Fineberg, H.V. 2011. Public health and medicine: Where the twain shall meet. Am J Prev Med. 41(4)(S3):S149–S151. 5672. Hill, H.W. 1916. The New Public Health. New York: MacMillan Co. 5673. Horner, J. S. 1980. Community medicine: Future imperfect? J Epidemiol Community Health. 34:69–75. 5674. Labisch, A.1998. History of public health—history in public health. Soc Hist Med. 11(1):1–13. 5675. Lewis, J. 1999. What Price Community Medicine? The Philosophy, Practice and Politics of Public Health Since 1999. Brighton: Wheatsheaf. 5676. Nathanson, C. 1996. Disease prevention and social change: Toward a theory of public health. Population & Development Review. 22:609–637. 5677. Porter, D. 1999. Changing definitions of the history of public health. Hygiea Int. 1(1):9–21. 5678. Porter, D. 1999. Health, Civilization and the State. A History of Public Health from Ancient to Modern Times. London: Routledge.

403

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5679. Porter, D. 2006. How did social medicine evolve, and where is it heading? PLoS Med. 3(10):e399. 5680. Rosen, G. 1948. Approaches to a concept of social medicine: A historical survey. Milbank Q. 26(1):7–21. 5681. Ryle, J.A. 1944. Social medicine: Its meaning and its scope. Milbank Q. 22(1):58–71. 5682. Sand, R. 1948. The Advance to Social Medicine. London: Staples Press. 5683. Scally, G. and Womack, J. 2004. The importance of the past in public health. J Epidemiol Community Health. 58:751–755. 5684. Starr, P. 2009. Professionalization and public health: Historical legacies, continuing dilemmas. J Public Health Manag Pract. S:S26–S30. 5685. Tulchinsky, T.H. and Varavikova, E.A. 2010. What is the “new public health”? Public Health Rev. 32(1):25–53. 5686. Waitzkin, H., et al. 2001. Social medicine then and now: Lessons from Latin America. Am J Public Health. 91(10):1592– 1601. 5687. Walker, G.J.A. 1980. The future of community medicine (editorial). J R Soc Med. 73:1–3.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine General History

5688. Astin, J.A., et al. 1998. A review of the incorporation of complementary and alternative medicine by mainstream physicians. Arch Intern Med. 158(21):2303–2310. 5689. Bivins, R. 2007. Alternative Medicine: A History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 5690. Cooter, R. (Ed.). 1988. Studies in the History of Alternative Medicine. Houndmills & London: Macmillan Press, St. Antony’s College, Oxford. 5691. Coulter, I.D. and Willis, E.M. 2004. The rise and rise of complementary and alternative medicine: A sociological perspective. Med J Aust. 180:587–589.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine

5692. Gale, N. 2014. The sociology of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine. Sociol Compass. 8:805–822. 5693. Martin, J. B. 2001. Historical and professional perspectives of complementary and alternative medicine with a particular emphasis on rediscovering and embracing complementary and alternative medicine in contemporary Western society. J Altern Complement Med. 7(1):11–18. 5694. Micozzi, M.S. 1998. Historical aspects of complementary medicine. Clin Dermatol. 16(6):651–658. 5695. Oumeish, O.Y. 1998. The philosophical, cultural, and historical aspects of complementary, alternative, unconventional, and integrative medicine in the Old World. Arch Dermatol. 134(11):1373–1386.

Acupuncture 5696. Davis, D.L. 1975. The history and sociology of the scientific study of acupuncture. Am J Chin Med. 3:5–26. 5697. Gwei-Djen, L. and Needham, J. 1980. Celestial Lancets: A History and Rationale of Acupuncture and Moxa. Cambridge University Press. 5698. Hurtak, J.J. 2002. An overview of acupuncture medicine. J Altern Complement Med. 8(5):535–538. 5699. Linde, K., et al. 2001. Systematic reviews of complementary therapies: An annotated bibliography. Part 1: Acupuncture. BMC Comp Alt Med. 1:3. 5700. Omura, Y. 2003. Acupuncture Medicine: Its Historical and Clinical Background. Mineola, NY: Dover. 5701. Tan, E.K., et al. 2009. Acupuncture in dermatology: An historical perspective. Int J Dermatol. 48(6):648–652.

Allopathic Medicine

5702. Corea, C.V.S. 1977. Modern allopathic medicine. The Hahnemannian Gleanings. 340–343. 5703. Oppel, L. 2010. Allopathy: A term that diminishes the profession. BC Med J. 52(2):91.

405

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5704. Petrina, S. 2008. Medical liberty: Drugless healers confront allopathic doctors, 1910–1931. J Med Humanit. 29:205–230. 5705. Searight, H.R. 1994. Psychosocial knowledge and allopathic medicine: Points of convergence and departure. J Med Humanit. 15(4):221–232.

Balneotherapy (Spa Therapy) 5706. Ablin, J.N., et al. 2013. Spa treatment (Balneotherapy) for fibromyalgia: A qualitative-narrative review and a historical perspective. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013:638050. 5707. Nasermoaddeli, A. and Kagamimori, S. 2005. Balneotherapy in medicine: A review. Environ Health Prev Med. 10:171–179. 5708. Routh, H.B., et al. 1996. Balneology, mineral water, and spas in historical perspective. Clin Dermatol. 14:551–554. 5709. Sherwani, A.M.K., et al. 2006. Balneology: A concept of public health-bath houses in Arabian life. JISHIM. 5(9):15–18.

Chiropractic

5710. Blacher, P. 1992. The evolution of higher education in chiropractic: A survey, 1906–1974. Chiropr Hist. 12(1):37– 42. 5711. Deltoff, A.B. and Deltoff, M.N. 1988. One profession--one oath? A survey of the disparity of the chiropractic oath. Chiropr Hist. 8(1):21. 5712. DeVocht, J.W. 2006. History and overview of theories and methods of chiropractic: A counterpoint. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 444:243–249. 5713. Gillet, H. 1983. The history of motion palpation. European Journal of Chiropractic. 31:196–201. 5714. Hardy, S.B. 2014. Analyzing a unique controlled vocabulary: Chiropractic subject headings—past, present and future. Chiropr Hist. 34(1):21–27. 5715. Kaptchuk, T.J. and Eisenberg, D.M. 1998. Chiropractic: Origins, controversies and contributions. Arch Intern Med. 158:2215– 2224.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine

5716. Keating, J.C., Jr. and Siordia, L. 2003. Periodical sources of chiropractic history. Chiropr Hist. 23(2):79–104. 5717. Leis, G.L. 1971. The professionalization of chiropractic. Doctoral Dissertation, Buffalo, SUNY. 5718. Meeker, W.C. and Haldeman, S. 2002. Chiropractic: A profession at the crossroads of mainstream and alternative medicine. Ann Intern Med. 136:216–227. 5719. Patzwald, G.A. 1981. Discovering and recording chiropractic history: For a systematic program in the profession. Chiropr Hist. 1(1):5–9. 5720. Peterson, D. and Wiese, G. 1995. Chiropractic: An Illustrated History. St. Louis: Mosby. 5721. Simpson, J.K. 2012. The five eras of chiropractic and the future of chiropractic as seen through the eyes of a participant observer. Chiropr Man Therap. 20:1. 5722. Wardwell, W.I. 1992. Chiropractic: History and Evolution of a New Profession. St. Louis: Mosby-Yearbook.

Holistic Medicine

5723. Caplow, D. and Sapp, G. 1988. A survey of the reference sources for holistic medicine. Med Ref Serv Q. 7(2):41–56. 5724. Mantri, S. 2008. Holistic medicine and the western medical tradition. AMA J Ethics. 10(3):177–180. 5725. Ventegodt, S., et al. 2007. A short history of clinical holistic medicine. Science World Journal. 7:1622–1630.

Homeopathy

5726. Bellavite, P., et al. 2005. Immunology and homeopathy. 1. Historical background. eCAM. 2(4):441–452. 5727. Bellavite, P., et al. 2006. Immunology and homeopathy. 2. Cells of the immune system and inflammation. eCAM. 3(1):13–24. 5728. Bellavite, P., et al. 2006. Immunology and homeopathy. 3. Experimental studies on animal models. eCAM. 3(2):171– 186. 5729. Bellavite, P., et al. 2006. Immunology and homeopathy. 4. Clinical studies—Part 1. eCAM. 3(3):293–301.

407

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5730. Bellavite, P., et al. 2006. Immunology and homeopathy. 4. Clinical studies—Part 2. eCAM. 3(4):397-4-9. 5731. Bradford, T.L. 1897. The Pioneers of Homeopathy. Philadelphia: Boericke and Tafel. 5732. Brindle, M. and Goodrick, E. 2001. Revisiting maverick medical sects: The role of identity in comparing homeopaths and chiropractics. Journal of Social History. 34(3):569–589. 5733. Dean, M.E. 2001. Homeopathy and the ‘progress of science.’ Hist Sci. 39:255–283. 5734. Kuzniar, A.A. 2017. The Birth of Homeopathy Out of the Spirit of Romanticism. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 5735. Linde, K., et al. 2001. Systematic reviews of complementary therapies–an annotated bibliography. Part 3: Homeopathy. BMC Comp Alternat Med. 1(1):4. 5736. Loudon, I. 2006. A brief history of homeopathy. J R Soc Med. 99(12):607–610.

Hypnosis 5737. Björnström, F. 1889. Hypnotism: Its History and Present Development (Translated from the Second Swedish Edition by Baron Nils Posse). New York: The Humboldt Publishing Co. 5738. Bramwell, J.M. 1903. Hypnotism: Its History, Practice and Theory. London: Grant Richards. 5739. Crabtree, A. 2012. Hypnosis reconsidered, resituated, and redefined. Journal of Scientific Exploration. 26(2):297–327. 5740. Hammond, D.C. 2013. A review of the history of hypnosis through the late 19th century. Am J Clin Hypn. 56:174–191. 5741. Riskin, J.D. and Frankel, F.H. 1994. A history of medical hypnosis. Psychiatr Clin N Am. 17(3):601–609. 5742. Stewart, J.H. 2005. Hypnosis in contemporary medicine. Mayo Clin Proc. 80:511–524. 5743. Winter, A. 2013. The rise and fall of forensic hypnosis. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 44(1):26–35.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Integrative Medicine 5744. Petri, R.P., Jr., et al. 2015. Historical and cultural perspectives on integrative medicine. Med Acupunct. 27(5):309–317. 5745. Rayner, J-A., et al. 2011. What’s in a name: Integrative medicine or simply good medical practice? Fam Pract. 28:655–660. 5746. Weeks, J. 2017. Five eras and 125 milestones in the rise of integrative health and medicine…plus more. Integr Med. 16(1):26–28.

Massage 5747. Goldstone, L.A. 2000. Massage as an orthodox medical treatment past and future. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 6:169–175. 5748. Graham, D. 1879. The History of Massage. New York: William Wood and Co.

Meditation, Mindfulness, and MBSR

5749. Haynes, A. 2004. Meditation and health: An annotated bibliography. Reference & Users Services Quarterly. 44(1). 5750. Hickey, W.S. 2019. Mind Cure: How Mediation Became Medicine. Oxford University Press. 5751. Kabat-Zin, J. 2011. Some reflections on the origins of MBSR, skillful means, and the trouble with maps. Contemporary Buddhism. 12(1):281–306. 5752. Loizzo, J. 2014. Meditation research, past, present, and future: Perspectives from the Nalanda contemplative science tradition. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1307(1):43–54.

Naturopathy

5753. Boyle, W. and Kirchfeld, F. 1994. Nature Doctors: Pioneers in Naturopathic Medicine. Portland, OR: NCNM Press. 5754. Bradley, R., et al. 2019. Naturopathy as a model of preventionoriented, patient-centered primary care: A disruptive innovation in health care. Medicina. 55:603.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5755. Smith, M.J. and Logan, A.C. 2002. Naturopathy. Med Clin North Am. 86(1):173–184. 5756. Wardle, J. and Oberg, E.B. 2011. The intersecting paradigms of naturopathic medicine and public health: Opportunities for naturopathic medicine. J Alt Complement Med. 17(11):1079– 1084. 5757. Whorton, J.C. 2003. Benedict Lust, naturopathy, and the theory of therapeutic universalism. Iron Game History. 8(2):22–29. 5758. World Naturopathic Federation. 2017. Naturopathic Historical Reference. Toronto.

Osteopathic Medicine

5759. Booth, E.R. 1905. History of Osteopathy and 20th Century Medical Practice. Cincinnati: Press of Jennings and Graham. 5760. Orenstein, R. 2017. History of osteopathic medicine: Still relevant? (Editorial). J Am Osteopath Assoc. 117(3):148. 5761. Reed, K. and Perakis, C.R. 1984. Medical historiography: Its place in osteopathic medicine. Part I. Early background and significance in medical education. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 83(10):738–740. 5762. Reed, K. and Perakis, C.R. 1984. Medical historiography: Its place in osteopathic medicine. Part II. Current status in osteopathic medicine curricula and suggestions for consideration. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 83(10):740–744. 5763. Stark, J.E. 2013. An historical perspective on principles of osteopathy. Int J Osteopath Med. 16:3–10. 5764. Still, A.T. 1899. Philosophy of Osteopathy. Kirksville, Mo.

Traditional, Herbal, and Indigenous Medicine

5765. Abbott, R. 2014. Documenting Traditional Medical Knowledge. Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization. 5766. Andrews, T. 1982. A Bibliography on Herbs, Herbal Medicine, “Natural” Foods, and Unconventional Medical Treatment. Littleton, CO: Libraries Unlimited.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine

5767. De Burgos, H. 2014. Contemporary transformations of indigenous medicine and ethnic identity. Anthropologica. 56(2):399–413. 5768. Fitzgerald, M., et al. 2020. Medicinal plant analysis: A historical and regional discussion of emergent complex techniques. Front Pharmacol. 10:1480. 5769. Gurib-Fakim, A. 2006. Medicinal plants: Traditions of yesterday and drugs of tomorrow. Molec Aspects Med. 27:1– 93. 5770. Jüttea, R., et al. 2017. Herbal medicinal products: Evidence and tradition from a historical perspective. J Ethnopharmacol. 207:220–225. 5771. Khan, H. 2014. Medicinal plants in light of history: Recognized therapeutic modality. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 19(3):216–219. 5772. Kunle, O.F., et al. 2012. Standardization of herbal medicines: A review. International Journal of Biodiversity & Conservation. 4(3):101–112. 5773. Lemonnier, N., et al. 2017. Traditional knowledge-based medicine: A review of history, principles, and relevance in the present context of p4 systems medicine. Progress in Preventive Medicine. 2(7):e0011. 5774. Linde, K., et al. 2001. Systematic reviews of complementary therapies: An annotated bibliography. Part 2: Herbal medicine. BMC Complement Altern Med. 1:5. 5775. Linde, K., et al. 2003. Systematic reviews of herbal medicines: An annotated bibliography. Forsch Komp Klass Natur. 10(S1):17–27. 5776. Pal, S.K. and Shukla, Y. 2003. Herbal medicine: Current status and the future. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 4(4):281–288. 5777. Pan, S-Y., et al. 2014. Historical perspective of traditional indigenous medical practices: The current renaissance and conservation of herbal resources. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2014:525340. 5778. Rabarihoela Razafimandimby, R. 2014. Traditional medicine through the filter of modernity. Health Culture & Society. 7(1):66–75.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5779. Schippmann, U. 1997. Medicinal Plant Conservation Bibliography, Vol. 1. Cambridge: The World Conservation Union. 5780. Schippmann, U. 2001. Medicinal Plant Conservation Bibliography, Vol. 2. Cambridge: The World Conservation Union. 5781. Sewell, R.D.E. and Rafieian-Kopaei, M. 2014. The history and ups and downs of herbal medicine usage. Journal of Herbal Medicine & Pharmacology. 3(1)1–3. 5782. Vessal, K. 2013. Traditional medicine: A historical appraisal. Arch Iran Med. 16(12):696.

Conservation, Veterinary, Wilderness, Wildlife, and Zoo Medicine 5783. Binois, A. 2015. Excavating the history of ancient veterinary practices. Vet Rec. 176(22):564–569. 5784. Bones, V.C. and Yeates, J.W. 2012. The emergence of veterinary oaths: Social, historical, and ethical considerations. Journal of Animal Ethics. 2(1):20–42. 5785. Bresalier, M., et al. 2018. Animals and the Shaping of Modern Medicine: One Health and its Histories. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. 5786. Brown, K. 2014. Environmental and veterinary history: Some themes and suggested ways forward. Environ Hist. 20(4):547–559. 5787. Buchanan, J.W. 2003. First pacemaker in a dog: A historical note. J Vet Intern Med. 17(5):713. 5788. Cassidy, A., et al. 2017. Animal roles and traces in history of medicine, c.1880–1980. BJHS Themes. 2:11–33. 5789. Davidson, T. 1967. Veterinary practice before the nineteenth century. Sudhoffs Archiv. 51(1):19–43. 5790. Dukes, T.W. 2000. That other branch of medicine: An historiography of veterinary medicine from a Canadian perspective. Can Bull Med Hist. 17(1):229–243.

Conservation, Veterinary, Wilderness, Wildlife, and Zoo Medicine

5791. Dunlop, R.H. and Williams, D.I. 1996. Veterinary Medicine: An Illustrated History. St. Louis: Mosby-Yearbook, Inc. 5792. Džaja, P. and Severin, K. 2019. Historical overview of the global veterinary profession from the Middle Ages to the 19th century, With special reference to the incidence of infectious diseases in domestic animals. Veterinarska Stanica. 50(2):175–181. [English Abstract/Croatian] 5793. Fischer, K-D. 1988. Ancient veterinary medicine: A survey of Greek and Latin sources and some recent scholarship. Medizinhistorisches Journal. 23(3/4):191–209. 5794. Fowler, M.E. 2006. Historical perspective of zoo and wildlife medicine. J Vet Med Edu. 33(3):326–330. 5795. Gibbs, S.E.J. and Gibbs, E.P.J. 2012. The historical, present, and future role of veterinarians in one health. Curr Topics Microbiol Immunol. 365:31–47. 5796. Harden, F. 1944. The Guides to the Literature of Veterinary Medicine. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 32(2):230–233. 5797. Ho, J. 2005. Information Resources on Veterinary History at the National Agricultural Library (AWIC Resource Series No. 29). Washington, D.C.: National Agricultural Library, Animal Welfare Information Center. 5798. Hunter, P. 2016. Veterinary Medicine: A Guide to Historical Sources. Routledge. 5799. Jaggar, D. 1992. History and basic introduction to veterinary acupuncture. Probl Vet Med. 4(1):1–11. 5800. Jones, S.D. 2000. Gender and veterinary medicine: Global historical perspectives. Argos. 23:119–123. 5801. Lawrence, E.A. 1989. The etymology of veterinarian. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 194(6):751–753. 5802. Leclainche, Auguste-Louis E. 1955. Histoire Illustrée de la Médecine Vétérinaire. Paris: Albin Michel. [French] 5803. Lund, E.E. 1977. The history of avian medicine in the U.S. IV. Some milestones in American research of poultry parasites. Avian Dis. 21(4):459–480.

413

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5804. Martin, M., et al. 2001. Ethnoveterinary Medicine: An Annotated Bibliography of Community Animal Healthcare. London: ITDG publishing. 5805. Mathias, E. 2004. Ethnoveterinary medicine: Harnessing its potential. Vet Bull. 74(8):27–37. 5806. McVey, S. and Shi, J. 2010. Vaccines in veterinary medicine: A brief review of history and technology. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 40(3):381–392. 5807. Rodway, G.W. 2012. The foundations of wilderness medicine: Some historical features. Wilderness Environ Med. 23(2):165– 169. 5808. Ryser-Degiorgis, M-P. 2013. Wildlife health investigations: Needs, challenges and recommendations. BMC Vet Res. 9:223. 5809. Saunders, L.Z. 2000. Virchow’s contributions to veterinary medicine: Celebrated then, forgotten now. Vet Pathol. 37(3):199–207. 5810. Shahada, H.A. 2012. Mamluks and Animals: Veterinary Medicine in Medieval Islam. Leiden: Brill. 5811. Sleeman, J.M. and Clark, E.E., Jr. 2003. Clinical wildlife medicine: A new paradigm for a new century. J Avian Med Surg. 17(1):33–37. 5812. Smith, D.F. 2013. Lessons of history in veterinary medicine. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education. 40(1):2–11. 5813. Smithcors, J.F. 1957. Evolution of the Veterinary Art. A Narrative Account to 1850. Kansas City: Veterinary Medicine Publishing Co. 5814. Unknown Author. 1939. History of veterinary medicine. The Veterinary Student. 2(1):6–10. 5815. Unknown Author. 1965. Bibliography: Veterinary medicine. Acta Trop. 22(4):363–378. 5816. Voith, V. 1991. Applied animal behavior the veterinary profession: A historical account. Vet Clin N Am Small Anim Pract. 21(2):203–206. 5817. Weinhold, B. 2003. Conservation medicine: Combining the best of all worlds. Environ Health Perspect. 111(10):A525– A529. 5818. Whiteley, M.B., et al. 1991. A bibliography of veterinary radiotherapy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 32(1):35–47.

Critical Care, Disaster, Emergency, and Intensive Care Medicine

Critical Care, Disaster, Emergency, and Intensive Care Medicine 5819. Ahnefeld, F.W. 1989. Resuscitation and emergency medicine: A historical perspective. Can Anesthesiol. 37(8):571–576. 5820. Alagappan, K. and Holliman, C.J. 2005. History of the development of international emergency medicine. Emerg Med Clin N Am. 23:1–10. 5821. Arnold, J.L. 2002. Disaster medicine in the 21st century: Future hazards, vulnerabilities, and risk. Prehosp Disaster Med. 17(1):3–11. 5822. Baltussen, A. and Kindler, C.H. 2004. Citation classics in critical care medicine. J Intensive Care Med. 30(5):902–910. 5823. Blagg, C.R. 2004. Triage: Napoleon to the present day. J Nephrol. 17(4):629–632. 5824. Chung, C.H. 2001. The evolution of emergency medicine. Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine. 8(2):84–89. 5825. Counselman, F.L. et al. 2016. Evolution of the model of the clinical practice of emergency medicine: 1979 to present. Acad Emerg Med. 24(2):257–264. 5826. Edlich, R.F. 2010. The evolution of emergency medicine. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 29(4):271–291. 5827. Epstein, D. and Brill, J.E. 2005. A history of pediatric critical care medicine. Pediatr Res. 58(5):987–996. 5828. Evans, R.C. and Evans, R.J. 1992. Accident and emergency medicine. I. Postgrad Med J. 68:714–734. 5829. Evans, R.C. and Evans, R.J. 1992. Accident and emergency medicine. II. Postgrad Med J. 68:786–799. 5830. Flynn, L. 1976. Emergency Medical Services: A Bibliography (DOT-HS-801-982). Washington, D.C.: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 5831. Foulke, G.E. and Albertson, T.E. 1997. Critical care medicine: An annotated bibliography of the recent literature. Am J Emerg Med. 15(4):427–439. 5832. Geiderman, J.M. 2002. Ethics seminars: Physician complicity in the holocaust: Historical review and reflections on emergency medicine in the 21st century. Part I. Acad Emerg Med. 9(3):223–231.

415

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5833. Geiderman, J.M. 2002. Ethics seminars: Physician complicity in the holocaust: Historical review and reflections on emergency medicine in the 21st century. Part II. Acad Emerg Med. 9(3):232–240. 5834. Grenvik, A. and Pinsky, M.R. 2009. Evolution of the intensive care unit as a clinical center and critical care medicine as a discipline. Crit Care Clin. 25(1):239–250. 5835. Guly, H. 2005. A History of Accident and Emergency Medicine 1948–2004. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 5836. Hao, X., et al. 2019. Visualizing the history and perspectives of disaster medicine: A bibliometric analysis. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 13(5):966–973. 5837. Isenberg, M.S. 1997. Life in the Balance: Emergency Medicine and the Quest to Reverse Sudden Death. New York: Oxford University Press. 5838. Iverson, K.V. and Moskop, J.C. 2007. Triage in medicine. Part 1. Concept, history, and types. Ann Emerg Med. 49(3):275– 281. 5839. Kelly, M. and Sanchez, R. 1991. The space of the ethical practice of emergency medicine. Sci Context. 4(1):79–100. 5840. Macklin, L.A. and Tarlton, M.K. 1991. Emergency management and disaster mitigation periodicals: An annotated bibliography. Serials Review. 17(2):21–26. 5841. Marx, J.A. 1997. The history and future of emergency medicine. N C Med J. 58(4):288–291. 5842. Moskop, J.C. and Iserson, K.V. 2007. Triage in medicine. Part II. Underlying values and principles. Ann Emerg Med. 49(3):282–287. 5843. Noji, E.K. and Toole, M.J. 1997. The historical development of public health responses to disasters. Disaster. 21(4):366– 376. 5844. O’Shanick, G.J., et al. 1983. Psychosocial issues in emergency medicine: An annotated bibliography. Am J Emerg Med. 1(3):368–370. 5845. Puri, N., et al. 2009. History and technology in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Clin. 25:185–200.

Critical Care, Disaster, Emergency, and Intensive Care Medicine

5846. Reisner-Sénélar, L. 2011. The birth of intensive care medicine: Björn Ibsen’s records. Intensive Care Med. 37:1084–1086. 5847. Rosengart, M.R. 2006. Critical care medicine: Landmarks and legends. Surg Clin North Am. 86(6):1305–1321. 5848. Sakr, M. and Wardrope, J. 2000. Casualty, accident and emergency, or emergency medicine, the evolution. J Accid Emerg Med. 17:314–319. 5849. Shao, J.F. and Zheng, X.T. 2016. The 100 top-cited articles published in emergency medicine journals: A bibliometric analysis. Hong Kong J Emerg Med. 23:329–339. [Chinese Abstract/English] 5850. Somand, D. and Zink, B. 2005. The influence of critical care medicine on the development of the specialty of emergency medicine: A historical perspective. Acad Emerg Med. 12(9):879–883. 5851. Stehrenberger, C. and Goltermann, S. 2014. Disaster medicine: Genealogy of a concept. Social Science & Medicine. 120:317– 324. 5852. Suner, S. 2015. History of disaster medicine. Turk J Emerg Med. 15(1):1–4. 5853. Villar, J., et al. 2001. Critical care medicine in the 21st century: From CPR to PCR. Crit Care. 5(3):125. 5854. Vincent, J-L. and Creteur, J. 2015. Paradigm shifts in critical care medicine: The progress we have made. Crit Care. 19:S10. 5855. Weil, M.H. 1973. The Society of Critical Care Medicine: Its history and its destiny. Crit Care Med. 1(1):1–4. 5856. Williams, D.J. 2017. Brief history of the specialty of emergency medicine. Emerg Med J. 0:1–3. 5857. Zarychanski, R., et al. 2009. Historical perspectives in critical care medicine: Blood transfusion, intravenous fluids, inotropes/vasopressors, and antibiotics. Crit Care Clin. 25(1):201–220. 5858. Zink, B.J. 2005. Anyone, Anything, Anytime: A History of Emergency Medicine. Philadelphia: Mosby.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Dentistry General History 5859. American Dental Association. 1935. Bibliography on the social and economic phases of dentistry and other health services. J Am Dent Assoc. 22(2):359–366. 5860. Anthony, L.P. 1939. The first dental periodical: The American Journal of Dental Science. J Am Dent Assoc. 26:969–980. 5861. Becker M.J. and Turfa, J.M. 2017. The Etruscans and the History of Dentistry: The Golden Smile through the Ages. London: Routledge. 5862. Black, A.D. 1921–1969. Index of the Periodical Dental Literature in the English Language. Chicago: Dental Index Bureau. 5863. Boquist, C. and Haase, J.V. 1977. An Historical Review of Women in Dentistry: An Annotated Bibliography. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health, Education & Welfare, Public Health Service, Health Resources Administration. 5864. Brander, E. 2015. A tale of a dentist and his books: Classic dental books in the Becker Medical Library. J Med Libr Assoc. 103(2):107–108. 5865. Campbell, J.M. 1949. A Dental Bibliography, British and American, 1682–1880. London: Low. 5866. Chernin, D. and Shklar, G. 2002. A Sourcebook of Dental Medicine: Being a Documentary History of Dentistry and Stomatology from the Earliest Times to the Middle of the Twentieth Century. Waban, MA: Maro Publications. 5867. Cohen, L.K. 1971. Bibliography of social sciences and dentistry, 1955–1970. Milbank Q. 49(3):171–332. 5868. Crowley, C.G. 1885. Dental Bibliography: A Standard Reference List of Books on Dentistry Published Throughout the World from 1536–1885. Philadelphia: S.S. White Dental Mfg. Co. 5869. Denton, G.B. 1958. The Vocabulary of Dentistry and Oral Science. Chicago: American Dental Association. 5870. Forrai, J. 2011. A historiographical overview of the historical literature of dentistry. Orvostort Kozl. 57(1–4):141–152.

Dentistry

5871. Guerini, V. 1909. A History of Dentistry from the Most Ancient Times Until the End of the Eighteenth Century. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger. 5872. Gurley, J.E. 1961. The Evolution of Professional Ethics in Dentistry. St. Louis: American College of Dentists. 5873. Gurudath, G., et al. 2012. Oral hygiene practices: Ancient historical review. J Orofac Res. 2(4):225–227. 5874. Hackh, I. 1934. Bibliographic methods in dentistry. J Dent Res. 14(2):145–152. 5875. Harris, C.A. 1849. A Dictionary of Dental Science, Biography, Bibliography, and Medical Terminology. Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston. 5876. Hoffmann-Axthelm, W. 1974. The writing of dental history: A commentary. J Am Dent Assoc. 88(6):1355–1357. 5877. Hoffmann-Axhelm, W. 1981. History of Dentistry. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co. 5878. Kumar, A. 2013. Dentistry in historical perspective. IJOCR. 1(2):51–53. 5879. Lufkin, A.W. 1948. A History of Dentistry. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger. 5880. Marshall, M. 1946. Some influential books in the history of dentistry. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 34:207–214. 5881. Prinz, H. 1945. Dental Chronology: A Record of the More Important Historic Events in the Evolution of Dentistry. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger. 5882. Ring, M.E. 1985. Dentistry: An Illustrated History. St. Louis: Mosby. 5883. Smith, M. 1958. A Short History of Dentistry. London: Allan Wingate. 5884. Taft, J.C. 1886. Index to the Periodical Literature of Dental Science and Art, As Presented in The English Language. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston, Son & Co 5885. Taylor, J.A. 1922. History of Dentistry. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger. 5886. Vieira, C.L.Z. and Caramelli, B. 2009. The history of dentistry and medicine relationship: Could the mouth finally return to the body? Oral Dis. 15:538–546.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5887. Weinberger, B.W. 1924–25. Dental literature: Its origin and development. J Dent Res. 6:305–388. 5888. Weinberger, B.W. 1938. Early dental literature. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 26:222–247. 5889. Weinberger, B.W. 1948. An Introduction to the History of Dentistry: With Medical and Dental Chronology and Bibliographic Data. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Co.

Dental Anesthesiology

5890. Donaldson, M. 2018. Lidocaine turns 70: The evolution of dental local anesthesia. Gen Dent. 66(3):6–9. 5891. Giovannitti, J.A., et al. 2016. The development of dental anesthesiology as a discipline and its role as a model of interdisciplinary collaboration. J Dent Educ. 80(8):938–947. 5892. Peskin, R.M. 1993. Dentists and anesthesia: Historical and contemporary perspectives. Anesth Prog. 40(1):1–13. 5893. Reed, K.L. 2009. The history and current status of anesthesiology in dentistry. NDA Journal. 15–18. 5894. Weaver, J.M. 2019. The history of the specialty of dental anesthesiology. Anesth Prog. 66(2):61–68.

Dental Hygiene

5895. Bottomley, M. 1975. Dental hygiene: Fifty years ago. Dent Hyg (Chic). 49(2):83. 5896. Bowen, D.M. 2013. History of dental hygiene research. J Dent Hyg. 87(S1):5–22. 5897. Fones, A.C. 1926. The origin and history of the dental hygienist movement. J Am Dent Assoc. 13(12):1809–1821. 5898. Gurudath, G., et al. 2012. Oral hygiene practices: Ancient historical review. J Orfac Res. 2(4):225–227. 5899. Joy, E.D., Jr. 1972. The rise and fall of dental hygiene. Virginia Dental Journal. 49(1):29–32. 5900. Sgan-Cohen, H.D. 2005. Oral hygiene: Past history and future recommendations. J Dent Hyg. 3(2):54–58.

Dentistry

Endodontics 5901. Aliuddin, S.K., et al. 2017. Historical milestones in endodontics: Review of literature. International Journal of Preventive & Clinical Dental Research. 4(1):56–58. 5902. Bellizzi, R. and Cruse, W.P. 1980. A historic review of endodontics, 1689–1963, part 3. J Endod. 6(5):576–580. 5903. Cruse, W.P. and Bellizzi, R. 1980. A historic review of endodontics, 1689–1963, part 1. J Endod. 6(3):495–499. 5904. Cruse, W.P. and Bellizzi, R. 1980. A historic review of endodontics, 1689–1963, part 2. J Endod. 6(4):532–535. 5905. Grossman, L.I. 1982. A brief history of endodontics. J Endod. 8(S):S36–S40. 5906. Grossman, L.I. 1987. Pioneers in endodontics. J Endod. 13(8):409–415. 5907. Ludlow, M.O. 1983. A brief history of endodontics. Chronicle. 46(3):50–51. 5908. Tagger, M. 1967. Endodontics: A review of the past and its present status. Alpha Omegan. 60(2):107–118. 5909. Yilmaz, B., et al. 2019. A bibliometric analysis of the 103 topcited articles in endodontics. Acta Odontol Scand. 77(8):574– 583.

Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology

5910. Bernier, J.L. 1972. The birth and growth of oral pathology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 34:224–230. 5911. Bouquot, J.E. and Lense, E.C. 1994. The beginning of oral pathology. Part I. First dental journal reports of odontogenic tumors and cysts, 1839–1860. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 78(3):343–350. 5912. Park, A.W. and Yaacob, H.B. 1991. The ancient origins of oral pathology. Journal of the Nihon University School of Dentistry. 33:211–243. 5913. Sushma, B. 2017. Historiography of immunology in oral pathology: A concise review. J Dent Sci. 2(3):000135. 5914. Wright, J.M., et al. 2003. The future of oral and maxillofacial pathology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 96:176–186.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 5915. Campbell, D.J. 1995. A brief history of dental radiography. N Z Dent J. 91(406):127–133. 5916. Hallikaninen, D. 1996. History of panoramic radiography. Acta Radiologica. 37:441–445. 5917. Langland, O.E. and Langlais, R.P. 1995. Early pioneers of oral and maxillofacial radiology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 80(5):496–511. 5918. Martinez, 2013. In a new light: Early X-ray technology in dentistry, 1890–1955. M.S. Thesis, Arizona State University. 5919. Pauwels, R. 2020. History of dental radiography: Evolution of 2D and 3D imaging modalities. Medical Physics International Journal. 3:235–277. 5920. Shah, N., et al. 2014. Recent advances in imaging technologies in dentistry. World J Radiol. 6(10):794–807. 5921. Todd, R. 2014. Dental imaging—2D to 3D: A historic, current, and future view of projection radiography. Endodontic Topics. 31(1):36–52. 5922. Ueda, Y. and Yamaguchi, T. 2017. History of and current situation regarding dental CAD/CAM systems and future perspectives. Hokkaido J Dent Sci. 38(S):104–110.

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

5923. Fry, W.K. 1950. The evolution of oral surgery. Proc R Soc Med. 44:140–143. 5924. Koch, C.R.E. 1909. History of Dental Surgery (2 Volumes). Chicago: The National Art Publishing Co. 5925. Laskin, D.M. 2016. Oral and maxillofacial surgery: The mystery behind the history. J Oral Maxillofac Surg Med Pathol. 28(2):101–104. 5926. Louis, P.J. and Morlandt, A.B. 2018. Advancements in maxillofacial trauma: A historical perspective. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 76(11):2256–2270. 5927. Thoma, K.H. 1957. The history of oral surgery: The oldest specialty of dentistry. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 10(1):1–10.

Dentistry

Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 5928. Asbell, M.A. 1990. A brief history of orthodontics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 98(3):206–213. 5929. Brodie, A.G. 1934. Orthodontic history and what it teaches. Angle Orthod. 4:85–97. 5930. Burke, C. 2015. A century of influence. Part 1. Orthodontic pioneers. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 147(5)(S2):S155– S160. 5931. Civen, O.I. 1945. An historical review of the progress of orthodontics from 1840 to 1940. Am J Orthod Oral Surg. 31(4):203–213. 5932. Farrell, C. and Darcy, M. 2018. The history of myofunctional orthodontics. Part 1. The beginning and separation. Australasian Dental Practice. 74–76. 5933. Green, J.J. 2014. The origins and evolution of fixed orthodontic appliances. Dental Nursing. 10:524–528. 5934. Gysel, C. 1997. Histoire de l’orthodontie. Bruxelles: Société belge d’Orthodontie. [French] 5935. Ling, P.H. 2005. Lingual orthodontics: History, misconceptions and clarification. J Can Dent Assoc. 71(2):99–102. 5936. Peck, S. 2015. Setting the stage for the AJO-DO: The haphazard times before orthodontic specialty journals. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 147(1):1–3. 5937. Philippe, J. 2010. 282 years of orthodontic history. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 13:381–384. 5938. Philippe, J. 2011. Pierre Fauchard the “inventor” of orthodontics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 14:104. 5939. Phulari, B.S. 2013. History of Orthodontics. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. 5940. Wahl, N. 2005. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 1. Antiquity to the mid-19th century. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 127(2):255–259. 5941. Wahl, N. 2005. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 2. Entering the modern era. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 127(4):510–515.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5942. Wahl, N. 2005. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 3. The professionalization of orthodontics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 127(6):749–753. 5943. Wahl, N. 2005. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 4. The professionalization of orthodontics (concluded). Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 128(2):252–257. 5944. Wahl, N. 2005. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 5. The American Board of Orthodontics, Albert Ketcham, and early 20th-century appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 128(4):535–540. 5945. Wahl, N. 2005. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 6. More early 20th-century appliances and the extraction controversy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 128(6):795–800. 5946. Wahl, N. 2006. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 7. Facial analysis before the advent of the cephalometer. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 129(2):293–298. 5947. Wahl, N. 2006. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 8. The cephalometer takes its place in the orthodontic armamentarium. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 129(4):574–580. 5948. Wahl, N. 2006. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 9. Functional appliances to midcentury. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 129(6):829–833. 5949. Wahl, N. (2006). Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 10. Midcentury retrospect. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 130(2):253–256. 5950. Wahl, N. 2006. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 11. The golden age of orthodontics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 130(4):549–553. 5951. Wahl, N. 2006. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 12. Two controversies: Early treatment and occlusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 130(6):799–804. 5952. Weinberger, B.W. 1921. Orthodontic bibliotheca. Dental Cosmos. 63:1126–1140. 5953. Weinberger, B.W. 1926. Orthodontics: An Historical Review of its Origin and Evolution, Including an Extensive Bibliography of Orthodontic Literature Up to the Time of Specialization. St. Louis: Mosby.

Dentistry

5954. Weinberger, B.W. 1934. Historical résumé of the evolution and growth of orthodontia. J Am Dent Assoc. 21:2001–2021. 5955. Weinberger, B.W. 1938. Early dental literature. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 26:222–247. 5956. Weinberger, B.W. 1956. From ‘irregularities of the teeth’ to orthodontics as a specialty of dentistry. Am J Orthod. 42:209– 225.

Periodontics

5957. American Academy of Periodontology. 1996. Periodontal Literature Reviews: A Summary of Current Knowledge. Chicago. 5958. Carranza, F.A., et al. 2003. History of Periodontology. Chicago: Quintessence. 5959. Gold, S.I. 1985. Periodontics. The past. Part 1. Early Sources. J Clin Periodontol. 12:79–97. 5960. Gold, S.I. 1985. Periodontics. The past. Part II. The development of modern periodontics. J Clin Periodontol. 12:171–189. 5961. Gold, S.I. 1985. Periodontics. The past. Part III. Microbiology. J Clin Periodontol. 12(4):257–269. 5962. Gold, S.I. 1995. Diagnostic techniques in periodontology: A historical review. Periodontol. 7:9–21. 5963. Held, A-J. 1989. Periodontology, From its Origins up to 1980: A Survey. Basel: Birkhäuser. 5964. Kornman, K.S., et al. 2000. Quo vadis? What is the future of periodontics? How will we get there? Periodontol. 75:353– 371. 5965. Merritt, A.H. 1921. A brief history of periodontology. J Dent Res. 3(4): cxlix–clxi. 5966. Merritt, A.H. 1939. The historical background of periodontology. J Periodontol. 10(1):7–25.

Prosthodontics

5967. Carlsson, G.E. and Omar, R. 2006. Trends in prosthodontics. Med Princ Pract. 15:167–179. 5968. Hobkirk, J.A. 2005. Prosthodontics: A past with a future? J Can Dent Assoc. 71(5):326a–e.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

5969. Johnson, W.W. 1959. The history of prosthetic dentistry. J Prosthodont. 9(5):841–846. 5970. Little, D.A. 1982. The relevance of prosthodontics and the science of dental materials to the practice of dentistry. J Dent. 10(4):300–310. 5971. Morgano, S.M., et al. 2017. The history of the glossary of prosthodontic terms (invited editorial). J Prosthodont. 119(3):311–312. 5972. Palaskar, J.N., et al. 2012. Centric relation definition: A historical and contemporary prosthodontic perspective. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 13(3):149–154.

Dermatology 5973. Bluefarb, S.M. 1959. The history of dermatology as depicted on postage stamps. Arch Dermatol. 80(2):171–186. 5974. Brenner, S., et al. 2016. Bibliography of secondary sources on the history of dermatology (Faculty Paper No. 56). Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology. 5975. Crissey, J.T. and Shelley, W.B. 1953. Classics in Clinical Dermatology. With Biographical Sketches. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 5976. Fox, H. 1915. Dermatology of the ancients. JAMA. 65:469– 474. 5977. Goodman, H. 1923. Eponyms of dermatology. Arch Dermatol Syphilol. 9:675–737. 5978. Goodman, H. 1928. Eponyms of dermatology: Second series. Arch Dermatol Syphilol. 17:23–60. 5979. Goodman, H. 1953. Notable Contributions to the Knowledge of Dermatology. New York: Medical Lay Press. 5980. Hoath, S.B., et al. 1998. Skin science and the future of dermatology. J Cutan Med Surg. 3(1):2–8. 5981. Hönigsmann, H. 2013. History of phototherapy in dermatology. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 12(1):16–21. 5982. Jackson, G.T. 1891. A Dermatological Bibliography. New York, NY: Stettiner, Lambert & Co.

Dermatology

5983. Koblenzer, P.J. 1996. A brief history of psychosomatic dermatology. Dermatol Clin. 14(3):395–398. 5984. Kural, E., et al. 2017. The history of women in dermatology. Wiener Med Wochenschr. 167(1):52–53. 5985. McCaw, I.H. 1944. A synopsis of the history of dermatology. Ulster Med J. 13(2):109. 5986. Mierzecki, H. 1952. Historical development of dermatology, its relation to general pathology and social medicine. Pol Tyg Leg (Wars). 7(39):1225–1229. [Polish] 5987. Mukhopadhyay, A.K. 2016. On the history of classification in dermatology. Indian J Dermatol. 61(6):588. 5988. NIOSH. 2009. Indexed Dermal Bibliography, 1995–2007 (NIOSH Publication No. 2009–153). 5989. Ormsby, O.S. 1949. History of dermatology, 1847 to 1947. Arch Dermatol Syphilol. 59(4):374–395. 5990. Parish, L.C. 1980. The history of tropical dermatology and the 1907 International Congress of Dermatology. Int J Dermatol. 19(8):474–477. 5991. Parish, L.C. 1985. History of tropical dermatology. Int J Dermatol. 24(3):191–193. 5992. Parish, L.C. 2019. The importance of the history of dermatology: An American viewpoint. Am J Clin Dermatol. 37:60–70. 5993. Parish, L.C. and Thorne, C.J. 1986. Bibliography of secondary sources on the history of dermatology. I. Journal articles in English supplemented through 1985. Int J Dermatol. 25(8):535–540. 5994. Parish, L.C., et al. 1975. Bibliography of secondary sources on the history of dermatology: II. Obituaries and biographies in English journals before 1973: A through Z. Arch Dermatol. 111(8):1036–1048. 5995. Parish, L.C., et al. 1996. Bibliography of secondary sources on the history of dermatology: II. Obituaries and biographies in English, Supplemented through 1995. Int J Dermatol. 35(7):510–514. 5996. Parish L.C., et al. 2006. Bibliography of secondary sources on the history of dermatology. I. Journal articles in English. Clin Dermatol. 24(4):327–333.

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5997. Potter, B.S. 2003. Bibliographic landmarks in the history of dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol. 48(6):919–932. 5998. Pusey, W.A. 1933. The History of Dermatology. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 5999. Radbill, S.X. 1987. Pediatric dermatology: Chronologic excursions into the literature: Part I. Pediatric dermatology in general medical texts. Int J Dermatol. 26(4):250–256. 6000. Radbill, S.X. 1987. Pediatric dermatology: Chronologic excursions into the literature: Part III. Dermatologic texts. Int J Dermatol. 26(6):394–400. 6001. Radbill, S.X. 1987. Pediatric dermatology: Chronologic excursions into the literature: Part IV. Pediatric dermatology texts. Int J Dermatol. 26(7):474–479. 6002. Rodríguez-Cerdeira, C., et al. 2011. Psychodermatology: Past, present and future. Open Dermatol J. 5:21–27. 6002. Santoro, R. 2017. Skin over the centuries: A short history of dermatology: Physiology, pathology and cosmetics. Medicina Historica. 1(2):94–102. 6004. Shipman, A.R., et al. 2019. History of clinical and experimental dermatology. Clin Exp Dermatol. 44(3):e55–e57. 6005. Wheeland, R.G. 1995. History of lasers in dermatology. Clin Dermatol. 13(1):3–10. 6006. Zaidi, Z., et al. 1999. The history of dermatology. Pak J Med Sci. 15(2):157–166.

E-medicine, Telemedicine, and Virtual Medicine 6007. Armstrong, P.A., et al. 1975. Telemedicine. Explorations in the Use of Telecommunications in Health Care. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 6008. Bashshur, R.L. and Shannon, G.W. 2009. History of Telemedicine. Evolution, Context, and Transformation. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 6009. Cipolat, C. and Geiges, M. 2003. The history of telemedicine. Curr Prob Dermatol. 32:6–11.

E-medicine, Telemedicine, and Virtual Medicine

6010. Fang, Y. 2015. Visualizing the structure and the evolving of digital medicine: A scientometrics review. Scientometrics. 105(1):5–21. 6011. Gëler, N.F. and Übeyli, E.D. 2002. Theory and application of telemedicine. J Med Syst. 26(3):199–220. 6012. Johnson, E., et al. 1995. Telemedicine: An annotated bibliography. Part 1. Telemed J. 1(2):155–165. 6013. Johnson, E., et al. 1995. Telemedicine: An annotated bibliography. Part 2. Telemed J. 1(3):257–292. 6014. Johnson, E., et al. 1995. Telemedicine: An annotated bibliography. Part 3. Telemed J. 1(4):377–394. 6015. Johnson, E., et al. 1996. Telemedicine: An annotated bibliography. Part 4. Telemed J. 2(1):49–77. 6016. Johnson, E., et al. 1996. Telemedicine: An annotated bibliography. Part 5. Telemed J. 2(2):151–170. 6017. Jordanova, M., et al. 2016. A Century of Telemedicine. Sofia, Bulgaria: Malina Jordanova. 6018. Morse, A.R. 2014. Telemedicine in ophthalmology: Promise and pitfalls (Editorial). Ophthalmology. 121(4):809–811. 6019. Mun, S.K. and Turner, J.W. 1999. Telemedicine: Emerging e-medicine. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 1:589–610. 6020. Nochomovitz, M. and Sharma, R. 2018. Is it time for a new medical specialty? The medical virtualist (Viewpoint). JAMA. 319(5):427–438. 6021. Reich, J.J. 1974. Telemedicine: The Assessment of an Evolving Health Care Technology (Report R(T)-74/4 and THA 74/6). St. Louis: Washington University, Center for Development Technology, Communications Group. 6022. Shirzadfar, H. and Lotfi, F. 2017. The evolution and transformation of telemedicine. Biosens Bioelectron. 3(4):303–306. 6023. Stanberry, B. 2001. Telemedicine: Barriers and opportunities in the 21st century. J Intern Med. 249(S741):109–120. 6024. Welsh, T.S. 2005. The literature of telemedicine. Science & Technology Libraries. 25(3):21–34. 6025. Whan, P., et al. 2006. A bibliographic snapshot of the telemedicine citation literature. J Telemed Telecare. 12(S3):95–102.

429

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Endocrinology 6026. Beach, F.A. 1981. Historical origins of modern research on hormones and behavior. Horm Behav. 15(4):325–376. 6027. Cawadias, A.P. 1941. The history of endocrinology. Proc R Soc Med. 34:25–30. 6028. Eknoyan, G. 2004. Emergence of the concept of endocrine function and endocrinology. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 11(4):371–376. 6029. Grant, P. and Lipscomb, D. 2009. 21st century endocrinology. Clin Med. 9(5):459–462. 6030. Henderson, J. and Henderson, I.W. 1994. Historical aspects and contemporary concepts and developments in endocrinology. J Biol Edu. 28(2):97–103. 6031. Hughes, A.F.W. 1977. A history of endocrinology. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 32(3):292–313. 6032. Lepage, R. and Albert, C. 2006. Fifty years of development in the endocrinology laboratory. Clin Biochem. 39:542–557. 6033. Loriaux, L. 2016. A Biographical History of Endocrinology. Ames, IA: Wiley Blackwell. 6034. Luckhardt, A.B. 1944. Outlines for lectures on historical endocrinology. Am J Pharm Edu. 8:163–176. 6035. McCann, S.M. 1988. Endocrinology: People and Ideas. Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society. 6036. Medvei, V.C. 1982. A History of Endocrinology. Lancaster, PA: MTP Press. 6037. Medvei, V.C. 1993. The History of Clinical Endocrinology. Lanes, UK: The Parthenon Publishing Group. 6038. Meites, J., et al. (Eds.). 1978. Pioneers in Endocrinology (2 Volumes). New York: Plenum Press. 6039. Rolleston, H.D. 1936. The Endocrine Organs in Health and Disease with an Historical Review. London: Oxford University Press. 6040. Rolleston, H.D. 1937. The history of endocrinology. BMJ. 1(3984):1033–1036. 6041. Schwarz, T.B. 1999. Henry Harrower and the turbulent beginnings of endocrinology. Ann Intern Med. 131:702–706.

Environmental, Industrial and Occupational Health, Hygiene, and Medicine

Environmental, Industrial and Occupational Health, Hygiene, and Medicine 6042. Abrams, H.K. 1992. Some hidden history of occupational medicine. Environ Res. 59(1):23–35. 6043. Abrams, H.K. 2001. A short history of occupational health. J Public Health Policy. 22(1):34–80. 6044. Bellingham, E.F., et al. 1945. Bibliography of Industrial Hygiene 1900–1943, A Select List (Public Health Bulletin No. 289). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Public Health Service, Federal Security Agency. 6045. Brandt-Rauf, P.W. and Brandt-Rauf, S.I. 1987. History of occupational medicine: Relevance of Imhotep and the Edwin Smith papyrus. Br J Ind Med. 44:68–70. 6046. Calvano, L. 2018. The evolution of occupational medicine: A literature review (Abstract 187). Occup Environ Med. 75(S2):A1–A650. 6047. Corn, J.K. 1978. Historical aspects of industrial hygiene. I. Changing attitudes toward occupational health. AIHA J. 39(9):695–699. 6048. Cullen, M.R. 1999. Personal reflections on occupational health in the 20th century: Spiraling to the future. Annu Rev Public Health. 20:1–13. 6049. Dana, E.C. 1925. Bibliography on occupational therapy: A list of books on crafts subjects. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 4(3):195–212. 6050. Davies, T.A.L. 1966. Evolution of concepts in industrial medicine. Br J Ind Med. 23:165. 6051. Gerhardsson, G. 1988. The future of occupational hygiene: An international overview. Ann Occup Hyg. 32(1):1–19. 6052. Gochfeld, M. 2005. Chronologic history of occupational medicine. J Occup Environ Med. 47(2):96–114. 6053. Gochfeld, M. and Goldstein, B.D. 1999. Lessons in environmental health in the twentieth century. Annu Rev Public Health. 20:35–53. 6054. Goldwater, L.J. 1947. A future for industrial medicine. Am J Public Health. 37(10):1247–1255.

431

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6055. Goldwater, L.J. 1959. A brief sketch of occupational medicine. J Chronic Dis. 9(2):85–88. 6056. Goldwater, L.J. 1987. The history of occupational medicine. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 4(3):523–527. 6057. Kogi, K. 1997. Historical development in occupational and environmental health. Environmental Management & Health. 8(5):151–153. 6058. Luxon, S.G. 1984. A history of industrial hygiene. AIHA J. 45(11):731–739. 6059. Parker, G. 2005. Hazard! Health in the workplace over 200 years. Occup Med. 55:337–339. 6060. Scott, T.S. 1967. Industrial medicine: An art or a science? Br J Ind Med. 24:85. 6061. Sellers, C. and Melling, J. 2012. Towards a transnational industrial-hazard history: Charting the circulation of workplace dangers, debates and expertise. BJHS. 45(3):401– 424. 6062. Shepherd, S.M. and Charles, J. 1988. Environmental medicine: An annotated bibliography of the recent literature. Am J Emerg Med. 6(2):188–195. 6063. Steckel, R.H. 1999. Industrialization and Health in Historical Perspective (Historical Paper No. 118). Washington, D.C.: National Bureau of Economic Research. 6064. Symons, G.J. 1894. A contribution to a bibliography of hygiene. Journal of the Sanitary Institute. 15:89–108. 6065. Symons, G.J. 1894. A contribution to a bibliography of hygiene. Part II. Journal of the Sanitary Institute. 15:275–281. 6066. Symons, G.J. 1894. A contribution to a bibliography of hygiene. Part III. Journal of the Sanitary Institute. 16:156–159. 6067. Unknown Author. 1912. Bibliography on industrial hygiene. American Labor Legislation Review. 2(2):369–417. 6068. U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. 1964. Man, Medicine and Work: Historic Events in Occupational Medicine ( PHS Publication No. 1044 ). Washington, D.C.: Public Health Service, Division of Occupational Health.

Epidemiology

Epidemiology 6069. American Public Health Association. 1969. Current Bibliography of Epidemiology: A Guide to the Literature of Epidemiology, Preventive Medicine, and Public Health. New York. 6070. Anderson, W. 2019. The history in epidemiology (Opinion). J Epidemiol. 48(3):672–674. 6071. Greenwald, P. and Dunn, B.K. 2009. Landmarks in the history of cancer epidemiology. Cancer Res. 69(6):2151–2162. 6072. Greenwood, M. 1935. Epidemics and Crowd Diseases: An Introduction to the History of Epidemiology. London: Williams & Norgate. 6073. Honjo, K. 2004. Social epidemiology: Definition, history, and research examples. Environ Health Prev Med. 9(5):193–199. 6074. Khoury, M.J., et al. 2010. The emergence of translational epidemiology: From scientific discovery to population health impact. Am J Epidemiol. 172(5):517–524. 6075. Lilienfeld, A.M. 1980. Times, Places, and Persons: Aspects of the History of Epidemiology. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 6076. Lilienfeld, A.M. and Lilienfeld, D.E. 1982. Epidemiology and the public health movement: A historical perspective. J Public Health Policy. 3(2):140–149. 6077. Morabia, A. (Ed.) 2004. A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts. Basel: Birkhäser Verlag. 6078. Morabia, A. 2015. Has epidemiology become infatuated with methods? A historical perspective on the place of methods during the classical (1945–1965) phase of epidemiology. Annu Rev Public Health. 36:69–88. 6079. Pearce, N. 1996. Traditional epidemiology, modern epidemiology, and public health. Am J Public Health. 86(5):678–683. 6080. Pelling, M.H. 1972. Some approaches to 19th century epidemiology with particular reference to John Snow and William Budd. B. Litt., University of Oxford.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6081. Roth, D. 1976. The scientific basis of epidemiology: An historical and philosophical enquiry. Doctoral Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley. 6082. Takahashi, K., et al.1996. A bibliometric study of the trend in articles related to epidemiology published in occupational health journals. Occup Environ Med. 53(7):433–438. 6083. Vandenbroucke, J.P. 1990. Epidemiology in transition: A historical hypothesis. Epidemiology. 1(2):164–167. 6084. Winkelstein, W., Jr. 2000. Interface of epidemiology and history: A commentary on past, present, and future. Epidemiol Rev. 22(1):2–6.

Eugenics 6085. Allen, G.E. 2011. Eugenics and modern biology: Critiques for eugenics, 1910–1945. Ann Hum Genet. 75:314–325. 6086. Appleman, L.I. 2018. Deviancy, dependency, and disability: The forgotten history of eugenics and mass incarceration. Duke Law J. 68(3):417–478. 6087. Burke, C.S. and Castaneda, C.J. 2007. The public and private history of eugenics: An introduction. Public Historian. 29(3):5–17. 6088. Farrall, L.A. 1979. The history of eugenics: A bibliographical review. Ann Sci. 36(2):111–123. 6089. Garver, K.L. and Garver, B. 1991. Eugenics: Past, present, and the future. Am J Hum Genet. 49:1109–1118. 6090. Holmes, S.J. 1924. A Bibliography of Eugenics. Berkeley, CA: University of California Publications in Zoology. 6091. Jeanmonod, G. 2003. Aspects and recent developments in the history of eugenics. Gesnerus. 60(1–2):83–100. [French] 6092. New York State Board of Charities. 1913. A Bibliography of Eugenics and Related Research (Bulletin No. 3). Albany: Bureau of Analysis & Investigation. 6093. Suzuki, Z., et al. 1992. A bibliographic review of the history of eugenics. Eugenics and the eugenics movement in Britain. Kagakushi Kenkyu. 30(180):225–233. [Japanese]

Evidence-Based Medicine

6094. Suzuki, Z., et al. 1992. A bibliographic review of the history of eugenics. II. Rassenhygiene…eugenics in Germany. Kagakushi Kenkyu. 31(182):65–70. [Japanese] 6095. Suzuki, Z., et al. 1995. A bibliographic review of the history of eugenics. III. Eugenics and the eugenics movement in USA and Japan. Kagakushi Kenkyu. 34(194):97–106. [Japanese] 6096. Weingart, P. 1995. Eugenics: Medical or social science. Sci Context. 8(1):197–207.

Evidence-Based Medicine 6097. Ashcroft, R. 2004. Current epistemological problems in evidence-based medicine. J Med Ethics. 30(2):131–135. 6098. Baron, J. 2018. A brief history of evidence-based policy. Annals of the American Academy of Political & Social Science. 678(1):40–50. 6099. Beckers, G.M.A., et al. 2019. Evidence-based medicine. IV. How to find an evidence-based answer to a clinical question? Make a critically appraised topic!. J Pediatr Urol. 15(4):409–411. 6100. Brandt-Zawadzki, M. 2012. The Lazarus syndrome: The ethics of evidence-based versus experience-based medicine. Radiology. 263(3):629–632. 6101. Castagnetti, M., et al. 2019. Evidence-based medicine. II. How to perform a literature search. J Pediatr Urol. 15(3):268–269. 6102. Claridge, J.A. and Fabian, T.C. 2005. History and development of evidence-based medicine. World J Surg. 29(5):547–553. 6103. Doherty, S. 2005. History of evidence-based medicine. Oranges, chloride of lime and leeches: Barriers to teaching old dogs’ new tricks. Emerg Med Australas. 17(4):314–321. 6104. Eddy, D.M. 2011. The origins of evidence-based medicine: A personal perspective. AMA J Ethics. 13(1):55–60. 6105. Elstein, A.S. 2004. On the origins and development of evidence-based medicine and medical decision making. Inflamm Res. 53(2):S184–S189. 6106. Fossum, M., et al. 2019. Evidence-based medicine. I. Background. J Pediatr Urol. 15(1):78–79.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6107. Fossum, M., et al. 2019. Evidence-based medicine V: How to use in clinical practice. J Pediatr Urol. 15(5):568–569. 6108. Greenstone, G. 2009. The roots of evidence-based medicine. BC Med. 51:342–344. 6109. Guyatt, G., et al. 2015. User’s Guides to the Medical Literature: Essentials of Evidence-Based Clinical Practice, 3rd Edition. New York: McGraw Hill Education. 6110. Howick, J. 2011. The Philosophy of Evidence-Based Medicine. Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. 6111. Kaefer, M., et al. 2019. Evidence-based medicine. III. Level of evidence. J Pediatr Urol. 15(4):407–408. 6112. Kaehne, A. 2018. What historiography can tell us about evidence-based medicine and policy: A response to Pawson’s ‘The Realist Foundations of Evidence-based Medicine.’ Evaluation. 24(3):318–324. 6113. Mellis, C. 2014. Evidence-based medicine: What has happened in the past 50 years? J Paediatr Child Health. 51(1):65–68. 6114. Pawson, R. 2018. The realist foundations of evidence-based medicine: A review essay. Evaluation. 24(1):42–50. 6115. Shen J., et al. 2013. Visualizing the history of evidence-based medicine. A bibliometric analysis. Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology. 64(10). 6116. Sheridan, D.J. and Julian, D.G. 2016. Achievements and limitations of evidence-based medicine. J Am Coll Cardiol. 68(2):204–213. 6117. Smith, R. and Rennie, D. 2014. Evidence-based medicine: An oral history. JAMA. 311(4):365–367. 6118. Sur, R.L. and Dahm, P. 2011. History of evidence-based medicine. Indian J Urol. 27(4):487–489. 6119. Tebala, G.D. 2018. The emperor’s new clothes: A critical appraisal of evidence-based medicine. Int J Med Sci. 15(12):1397–1405. 6120. Thoma, A. and Eaves III, F.F. 2015. A brief history of evidencebased medicine (EBM) and the contributions of Dr David Sackett. Aesthetic Surg J. 35(8):261–263. 6121. Timmermans, S. and Berg, M. 2003. The Gold Standard: The Challenge of Evidence Based Medicine and Standardization in Health Care. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Evolutionary Medicine

6122. Timmermans, S. and Mauck, A. 2005. The promise and pitfalls of evidence-based medicine. Health Aff. 24(1):18–28. 6123. Woolf, S. 2001. Evidence-based medicine: A historical and international overview. Proc R Coll Phys Edinb. 31(S9):39–41. 6124. Wyer, P.C. and Silva, S.A. 2009. Where is the wisdom? I. A conceptual history of evidence-based medicine. J Eval Clin Pract. 15(6):891–898. 6125. Xue, J.Z. 2009. Evidence based medicine in cultural and historical context. McGill J Med. 12(1):49–51. McGill University. 6126. Zimmerman, A.L. 2013. Evidence-based medicine: A short history of a modern medical movement. AMA J Ethics. 15(1):71–76.

Evolutionary Medicine 6127. Berlim, A.T. and Abeche, A.M. 2001. Evolutionary approach to medicine. South Med J. 94(1):26–32. 6128. Nesse, R.M. and Schulkin, J. 2019. An evolutionary medicine perspective on pain and its disorders. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 374(1785):20190288. 6129. Nesse, R.M. and Stearns, S.C. 2007. The great opportunity: Evolutionary applications to medicine and public health. Evolutionary Applications. 1:28–48. 6130. Román-Franco, A.A. 2009. Medicine in the 21st century: Towards a Darwinian medical epistemology. P R Health Sci J. 28(4):345–351. 6131. Rose, M.R. 1998. Darwinian anti-aging medicine. Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine. 1(2):105–108. 6132. Rühli, F.J. and Henneberg, M. 2013. New perspectives on evolutionary medicine: The relevance of microevolution for human health and disease. BMC Med. 11:115. 6133. Swynghedauw, B. 2004. Evolutionary medicine. Acta Chir Belg. 104(2):132–139. 6134. Trevathan, W.R., et al. (Eds.). 1999. Evolutionary Medicine. Oxford University Press.

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6135. Williams, G.C. and Nesse, R.M. 1991. The dawn of Darwinian medicine. Q Rev Biol. 66(1):1–22. 6136. Zampieri, F. 2009. Origins and history of Darwinian medicine. Humana Mente. 9:13–38.

Faith-Based and Pastoral Medicine 6137. Basu-Zharku, I.O. 2011. The influence of religion on health. Inquiries. 3(1):1–3. 6138. Brigham, A. 1835. Observations on the Influence of Religion Upon the Health and Physical Welfare of Mankind. Boston: Marsh, Capen & Lyon. 6139. Ferngren, G. 1992. Early Christianity as a religion of healing. Bull Hist Med. 66:1–15. 6140. Ferngren, G. 2014. Medicine And Religion: A Historical Introduction. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 6141. Gliddon, A.J.L. 1890. Faith Cures, Their History and Mystery. London: Christian Commonwealth Publishing Co. 6142. James, W. 1908. Religion and Medicine (Publication No. 3): The Energies of Men. New York: Moffat, Yard, and Co. 6143. Koenig, H.G. 2000. Religion and medicine. I. Historical background and reasons for separation. Int J Psychiatry Med. 30(4):385–398. 6144. Koenig, H.G. 2001. Religion and medicine. II. Religion, mental health, and related behaviors. Int J Psychiatry Med. 31(1):97– 109. 6145. Koenig, H.G. 2001. Religion and medicine. III. Developing a theoretical model. Int J Psychiatry Med. 31(2):199–216. 6146. Koenig, H.G. 2001. Religion and medicine. IV. Religion, physical health, and clinical implications. Int J Psychiatry Med. 31(3):321–336. 6147. La Barre, W. 1979. Shamanic origins of religion and medicine. J Psychedelic Drugs. 11(1–2):7–11. 6148. Marx-Wolf, H. and Upson-Saia, K. 2015. The state of the question: Religion, medicine, disability, and health in Late Antiquity. Journal of Late Antiquity. 8(2):257–272.

Family, General Practice, and Primary Care Medicine

6149. Numbers, R.L. and Amundsen, D.W. 1986. Caring and Curing. Health and Medicine in the Western Religious Traditions. New York: Macmillan. 6150. Roth, G. 1991. History of medicine and pastoral medicine. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 103(16):484–486. [German] 6151. Sevensky, R.L. 1983. The religious foundations of health care: A conceptual approach. J Med Ethics. 9:165–169. 6152. Singh, D.K.M. and Ajinkya, S. 2012. Spirituality and religion in modern medicine. Indian J Psychol Med. 34(4):399–402. 6153. Sullivan, L.E. (Ed.). 1989. Healing and Restoring. Health and Medicine in the World’s Religious Traditions. New York: Macmillan. 6154. Sunderland, R.H. 1984. Health/medicine and the faith traditions. J Pastoral Care. 38(3):233–241. 6155. Vanderpool, H.Y. 1980. Religion and medicine: A theoretical overview. J Relig Health. 19:7–17.

Family, General Practice, and Primary Care Medicine

6156. Bailey, T. and Hennen, B. 2007. Is family medicine a specialty? (Debates). Can Fam Physician. 53(2):221–223. 6157. Canfield, P.R. 1976. Family medicine: An historical perspective. J Med Educ. 51(11):904–911. 6158. Culpepper, L. and Franks, P. 1983. Family medicine research: Status at the end of the first decade. JAMA. 249(1):63–68. 6159. Darley, W. 1961. The family physician of the future: Fact or fiction? J Med Educ. 36:142–149. 6160. Dunikowski, L.G. and Freeman, T.R. 2016. Impact of family medicine research. Can Fam Physician. 62:266–268. 6161. Gibson, C., et al. 2016. Approaching a global definition of family medicine. Can Fam Physician. 62:891–896. 6162. Howell, J.D. 2010. Reflections on the past and future of primary care. Health Aff. 29(5):760–765. 6163. Janeway, C.A. 1974. Family medicine: Fad or for real? N Engl J Med. 291(7):337–343.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6164. Lam, C.L. 2004. The 21st century: The age of family medicine research? Ann Fam Med. 2(S2):S50–S54. 6165. Kmietowicz, Z. 2006. A century of general practice. BMJ. 332(7532):39–40. 6166. McWhinney, I.R. 1969. The foundations of family medicine. Can Fam Physician. 15(4):13. 6167. McWhinney, I.R. 1975. Family medicine in perspective. N Engl J Med. 293(4):176–181. 6168. McWhinney, I.R. 1978. Family medicine as a science. J Fam Pract. 7(1):53–58. 6169. Ransom, D.C. and Vandervoort, H.E. 1973. The development of family medicine: Problematic trends. JAMA. 225(9):1098– 1102. 6170. Schwenk, T.L. and Hughes, C.C. 1983. The family as patient in family medicine: Rhetoric or reality? Soc Sci Med. 17(1):1–16. 6171. Stein, H.F. 2006. Family medicine’s identity: Being generalists in a specialist culture? Ann Fam Med. 4(5):455–459. 6172. Taylor, R.B. 2006. The promise of family medicine: History, leadership, and the age of aquarius. J Am Board Fam Med. 19(2):183–190. 6173. Unknown Author. 2014. The family medicine milestone project. J Grad Med Educ. 6(S1):74–86. 6174. Wood, M. 1981. Family medicine classification systems in evolution (guest editorial). J Fam Pract. 12(2):199–200. 6175. Woolley, A. and Kostopoulou, O. 2013. Clinical intuition in family medicine: More than first impressions. Ann Fam Med. 11(1):60–66.

Fetal, Neonatal, and Perinatal Medicine 6176. Carrera, J.M. 2013. Development of perinatal medicine in different geographic areas. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 7(2):113–127. 6177. Cone, T.E., Jr. 1985. History of the Care and Feeding of the Premature Infant. Boston: Little Brown Co. 6178. Kumar, S. 2004. Recent developments in fetal medicine. BMJ. 328:1002–1006.

Forensic and Medico-Legal Medicine

6179. Lussky, R.C., et al. 2005. A history of neonatal medicine—Past accomplishments, lessons learned, and future challenges. Part 1—The first century. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 10(2):76– 89. 6180. Lussky, R.C., et al. 2005. A history of neonatal medicine—Past accomplishments, lessons learned, and future challenges: Part II—The 1990s, the new millennium, future challenges. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 10(3):143–158. 6181. Mouskou, S., et al. 2015. Neonatal transportation through the course of history. Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care. 3(1):00104. 6182. National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit. A Classified Bibliography of Controlled Trials in Perinatal Medicine, 1940– 1984. Oxford University Press. 6183. Obladen, M. 2008. History of neonatal resuscitation—Part 1: Artificial ventilation. Neonatology. 94(3):144–149. 6184. Obladen, M. 2009. History of neonatal resuscitation—Part 2: Oxygen and other drugs. Neonatology. 95:91–96. 6185. Philip, A.G.S. 2005. The evolution of neonatology. Pediatr Res. 58(4):799–815. 6186. Saling, E., et al. (Eds.). 2014. The Beginnings of Perinatal Medicine. Berlin: De Gruyter. 6187. Thiol, E.H., et al. 1998. The history and policy and practice related to the perinatal hospital stay. Clin Perinatol. 25(2):257–270.

Forensic and Medico-Legal Medicine 6188. Clark, M.and Crawford, C. (Eds.) 1994. Legal Medicine in History. Cambridge University Press. 6189. Custom, C.G. 1913. Note on the history of forensic medicine of the middle ages. Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology. 3(6):855–865. 6190. Danner, R.A. and Germain, C.M. 1986. An overview of health law research and annotated bibliography. J Health Polit Policy Law. 11:146–161. 6191. Davis, B. 1985. A history of forensic medicine. J Leg Med. 53(1):9–23.

441

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6192. Demir, E., et al. 2020. The evolution of the field of legal medicine: A holistic investigation of global outputs with bibliometric analysis. J Forensic Leg Med. 69:101885. 6193. Fluff, A.P. 1895. Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. London: Longmans, Green, and Co. 6194. Freemon, F.R. 2001. The origin of the medical expert witness. J Leg Med. 22:349–373. 6195. Frey, E.F. 1982. Medicolegal history: A review of significant publications and educational development. J Law Med Ethics. 10(2):56–60. 6196. Hanzlick, R.L., et al. 2014. Recommended reading and reference bibliography for forensic pathology fellows. Acad Forensic Pathol. 4(4):463–473. 6197. Howard, M.L. 2001. Legal medicine: A professional option. JAMA. 285(17):2251. 6198. Madea, B. (Ed.). 2017. History of Forensic Medicine. Berlin: Lehmann’s Media. 6199. Nemec, J. 1973. International Bibliography of the History of Legal Medicine (DHEW Publication No. (NIH) 73–535). Washington, D.C.: National Library of Medicine. 6200. Sato, B. 1970. History of forensic medicine. 1. An outline. Zasshi Tokyo Ika Daigaku. 28(1):95–104. 6201. Smith, S. 1951. The history and development of forensic medicine. BMJ. 1:599–607. 6202. Wecht, C.H. 2005. The history of legal medicine. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 33:245–251.

Gastroenterology 6203. Álvarez, W. 1960. The history of gastroenterology. J Int Coll Surg. 33:611–621. 6204. American College of Physicians. 1982. Gastroenterology: An annotated bibliography of recent literature. Gastroenterology. 97(2):287–291. 6205. Baron, J.H. 2001. European roots of American gastroenterology. Z Gastroenterol. 39(10):853–860.

Gastroenterology

6206. Bischoff, S.C. 2011. “Gut health.” A new objective in medicine? BMC Med. 9:24. 6207. Cappell, M.S., et al. 2000. Fifty landmark discoveries in gastroenterology during the past 50 years. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 29(1):223–263. 6208. Cappell, M.S., et al. 2000. Fifty landmark discoveries in gastroenterology during the past fifty years: A brief history of gastroenterology at the millennium. Part II. Lower gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders. Gastroenterology. 118(4):A1099. 6209. Chaun, H. 2012. The Bockus International Society of Gastroenterology: Historical review. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 26(4):211–215. [Portuguese Abstract/English] 6210. Chen, T.S. and Chen, P.S. (Eds.). 1995. The History of Gastroenterology: Essays on Its Development and Accomplishments. New York: Parthenon Publishing Group. 6211. Cook G.C. 1998. George Budd FRS (1808–1882): Pioneer gastroenterologist and hepatologist. J Med Biogr. 6(3):152– 159. 6212. Dyck, M.D., et al. 1979. Gastroenterology: An annotated bibliography of recent literature. Ann Intern Med. 91(5):799– 803. 6213. Garrison, F.H. 1934. History of gastroenterology. Bull NY Acad Med. 10(11):629–642. 6214. Goyal, R.K. 2013. Seventy years of Gastroenterology. Gastroenterology. 145(1):1–15. 6215. Kirsner, J.B. 1994. The Growth of Gastroenterologic Knowledge during the twentieth century. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, 6216. Kirsner, J.B. 1997. The origin of gastroenterology societies during the Twentieth Century. J Clin Gastroenterol. 25(4):667– 677. 6217. Kirsner, J.B. 1998. The origin of 20th century discoveries transforming clinical gastroenterology. Am J Gastroenterol. 93(6):862–871. 6218. Lee, H.S.J. (Ed.). 1999. Dates in Gastroenterology: A Chronological Record of Progress in Gastroenterology Over the Last Millennium. New York: Parthenon.

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6219. Modlin, I.M. 2000. A Brief History of Gastroenterology at the Millennium. Milan: Sudler & Hennessey. 6220. Nasio, J. 1957. History of gastroenterology in the 19th century: Nosological period. La Semana medica. 110(19):605–610. [Spanish] 6221. Peek, R.M. and Corley, D.A. 2018. The 75th diamond anniversary of Gastroenterology 1943–2018. Gastroenterology. 154(1): 1–5. 6222. Sródka, A. 2003. The short history of gastroenterology. J Physiol Pharmacol. 54(S3):9–21. 6223. Teichmann, W. 1991. Some notes on the history of gastroenterology. Mater Med Pol. 23(2):156–158. 6224. Walker-Smith, J. and Walker, W.A. 2003. The development of pediatric gastroenterology: A historical overview. Pediatr Res. 53:706–715.

Genetic, Genomic, Personalized, and Precision Medicine 6225. Aspinall, M.G. and Hamermesh, R.G. 2007. Realizing the promise of personalized medicine. Harvard Business Review. 85(10):108. 6226. Bates, S. 2010. Progress towards personalized medicine. Drug Discov Today. 15(3–4):115–120. 6227. Chambliss, A.B. and Chan, D.W. 2016. Precision medicine: From pharmacogenomics to pharmacoproteomics. Clinical Proteomics. 13(1):25. 6228. Chan, I.S. and Ginsburg, G.S. 2011. Personalized medicine: Progress and promise. Ann Rev Genomics Hum Genetics. 12:217–244. 6229. Davis, J.C., et al. 2009. The microeconomics of personalized medicine: Today’s challenge and tomorrow’s promise. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 8(4):279–286. 6230. Dedov, I.I., et al. 2012. Personalized medicine: State-of-theart and prospects. Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk. 12(4):4–12. [Russian]

Genetic, Genomic, Personalized, and Precision Medicine

6231. Epstein, C.J. 2006. Medical genetics in the genomic medicine of the 21st century. Am J Hum Genet. 79:434–438. 6232. Fangerau, H. 2009. Genetics and the value of life: Historical dimensions. Med Stud. 1(2):105–112. 6233. Ginsburg, G.S. and Phillips, K.A. 2018. Precision medicine: From science to value. Health Aff. 37(5):694–701. 6234. Ginsburg, G.S. and Willard, H.F. 2009. Genomic and personalized medicine: Foundations and applications. Transl Res. 154(6):277–287. 6235. Glicksberg, B.S., et al. 2018. The next generation of precision medicine: Observational studies, electronic health records, biobanks and continuous monitoring. Hum Mol Genet. 27(R1):R56–R62. 6236. Hamburg, M.A. and Collins, F.S. 2010. The path to personalized medicine. N Engl J Med. 363(4):301–304. 6237. Iriart, J.A.B. 2019. Precision medicine/personalized medicine: A critical analysis of movements in the transformation of biomedicine in the early 21st century. Cad Saúde Pública. 35(3):e00153118. 6238. Issa, A.M. 2007. Personalized medicine and the practice of medicine in the 21st century. McGill J Med. 10(1):53–57. 6239. Jameson, J.L. and Longo, D.L. 2015. Precision medicine: Personalized, problematic, and promising. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 70(10):612–614. 6240. Jørgensen, J.T. 2009. New era of personalized medicine: A 10-year anniversary. Oncologist. 14(5):557–558. 6241. Joyner, M.J. and Paneth, N. 2019. Promises, promises, and precision medicine. J Clin Invest. 129(3):946–948. 6242. Leopold, J.A. and Loscalzo, J. 2018. Emerging role of precision medicine in cardiovascular disease. Circ Res. 122:1302–1315. 6243. Lewis, J., et al. 2014. Ethics, evidence and economics in the pursuit of “personalized medicine”. J Pers Med. 4(2):137–146. 6244. Lunshof, J.E., et al. 2006. Personalized medicine: Decades away (Opinion). Pharmacogenomics. 7(2):237–241. 6245. Mattick, J.S., et al. 2014. The impact of genomics on the future of medicine and health. Med J Aust. 201(1):17–20. 6246. Mayr, E. 1973. The recent historiography of genetics. J Hist Biol. 6(1):125–154.

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6247. McCarthy, J.J., et al. 2013. Genomic medicine: A decade of successes, challenges, and opportunities. Sci Transl Med. 5(189):189sr4. 6248. McCormick, R.A. 1972. Genetic medicine: Notes on the moral literature. Theological Studies. 33(3):531–552. 6249. Meyer, J.M. and Ginsburg, G.S. 2002. The path to personalized medicine. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 6(4):434–438. 6250. Moeini, R., et al. 2017. Historical root of precision medicine: An ancient concept concordant with the modern pharmacy. Daru. 25(1):7. 6251. Morange, M. 2017. Human germline editing: A historical perspective. Hist Philos Life Sci. 39(4):34. 6252. Pasic, M.D., et al. 2013. Genomic medicine: New frontiers and new challenges. Clin Chem. 59(1):158–167. 6253. Phillips, C.J. 2020. Precision medicine and its imprecise history. Harvard Data Science Review. 1(2). 6254. Piquette-Miller, M. and Grant, D.M. 2007. The art and science of personalized medicine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 81(3):311– 315. 6255. Post, R.H. 1959. Bibliography of human genetics. Am J Hum Genet. 112(1):208–214. 6256. Roden, D.M. and Tyndale, R.F. 2013. Genomic medicine, precision medicine, personalized medicine: What’s in a name? Clin Pharmacol Ther. 94(2):169–172. 6257. Scully, J.L. 2001. Drawing a line: Situating moral boundaries in genetic medicine. Bioethics. 15(3):189–204. 6258. Shendure, J., et al. 2019. Genomic medicine: Progress, pitfalls, and promise. Cell. 177(1):45–57. 6259. Vaszar, L.T., et al. 2003. Privacy issues in personalized medicine. Pharmacogenomics. 4(2):107–112. 6260. Williams, J.R., et al. 2019. Current applications of precision medicine: A bibliometric analysis. Per Med. 16(4):351–359. 6261. Wolff, J.A. and Lederberg, J. 2008. An early history of gene transfer and gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther. 5(4):469–480. 6262. Wright, S. 1993. The social wrap of science: Writing the history of genetic engineering policy. Sci Technol Human Values. 18(1):79–101.

Geomedicine (Medical Geology, Medical Geography, and Medical Tourism)

Geomedicine (Medical Geology, Medical Geography, and Medical Tourism) 6263. Barkuus, A. 1945. Medical geography. Ciba Symposia. 6:1986– 2020. 6264. Berger, A., et al. 2001. Medical geology: An emerging discipline. Episodes. 24(1):43–44. 6265. Bowman, C.A., et al. 2003. Medical geology: New relevance in the earth sciences. Episodes. 264(4):270–278. 6266. Bunnell, J.E., et al. 2007. Medical geology: A globally emerging discipline. Geological Acta. 5(3):273–281. 6267. Centeno, J.A., et al. 2016. Medical geology: Impacts of the natural environment on public health. Geosciences. 6(8). 6268. Davenhall, B. 2012. Geomedicine. Geography and Personal Health. Redlands, CA: ESRI. 6269. de la Hoz-Correa, A., et al. 2018. Past themes and future trends in medical tourism research: A co-word analysis. Tourism Management. 65:200–211. 6270. Duffin, C.J., et al. 2013. A History of Geology and Medicine. London: Geological Society of London. 6271. Finkelman, R.B. and Centeno, J.A. 2020. Guizhou Province, China: The birthplace of modern medical geology. Acta Geochim. 39(1):155–159. 6272. Finkelman, R.B., et al. 2005. The emerging medical and geological association. Transactions of the American Clinical Climatology Association. 116:155–165. 6273. Garrison, F.H. 1932. Medical geography and geographic medicine. Bull NY Acad Med. 8:593–612. 6274. Garrison, F.H. 1933. Geomedicine: A science in gestation. Bull Inst Hist Med. 1(1):2–9. 6275. Greer, D.S. 1989. Geographic medicine: A new movement within international health. Acad Med. 8(10):190–192. 6276. Jones, K. and Moon, G. 1993. Medical geography: Taking space seriously. Progress in Human Geography. 17(4):515–524. 6277. Låg, J. (Ed.). 1990. Geomedicine. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

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6278. Light, R.U. 1944. The progress of medical geography. Geogr Rev. 34(4):636–641. 6279. Kearns, R.A. 1993. Place and health: Towards a reformed medical geography. Professional Geographer. 45(2):140–147. 6280. Kevan, S.M. 1993. Quests for cure: A history of tourism for climate and health. Int J Biometeorol. 37:113–124. 6281. May, J.M. 1950. Medical geography: Its methods and objectives. Geographical Review. 40(1):9–41. 6282. May, J.M. 1977. Medical geography: Its methods and objectives. Soc Sci Med. 11:715–730. 6283. Mullins, L.S. 1966. Sources of information on medical geography. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 54(3):230–242. 6284. Parr, H. 2002. Medical geography: Diagnosing the body in medical and health geography, 1999–2000. Progress in Human Geography. 26(2):240–251. 6285. Paul, B.K. 1985. Approaches to medical geography: An historical perspective. Soc Sci Med. 20(4):399–409. 6286. Rosenberg, M.W. and Wilson, K. 2005. Remaking medical geography. Territoris. 5:17–32. 6287. Rupke, N.A. (Ed.). 2000. Medical Geography in Historical Perspective. London: The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine. 6288. Selinus, O. 2004. Medical geology: An emerging specialty. Terrae. 1(1):8–15. 6289. Selinus, O. 2007. Medical geology: An opportunity for the future. Ambio. 36(1):114–116. 6290. Setia, S., et al. 2014. Health care and geomedicine: A review. World Journal of Environmental Biosciences. 6(1):1–3. 6291. Skinner, H.C.W. 2007. The earth, source of health and hazards: An introduction to medical geology. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci. 35:177–213. 6292. Steinnes, E. 2009. Soils and geomedicine. Enviro Geochem Health. 31(5):523–535. 6293. Warren, K.S. 1980. Geographic medicine in practice. Hosp Pract. 15(1):110–127. 6294. Zeiss, H. 1932. Medical geography and geographic medicine (editorial). Bull NY Acad Med. 8(10):593–612.

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine 6295. Achenbaum, W.A. 1995. Crossing Frontiers: Gerontology Emerges as a Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 6296. Achenbaum, W.A. and Albert, D.M. 1995. Profiles in Gerontology: A Biographical Dictionary. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. 6297. Alkema, G.E. and Alley, D.E. 2006. Gerontology’s future: An integrative model for disciplinary advancement. Gerontologist. 46(5):574–582. 6298. Bornat, J., et al. 2011. The making of careers, the making of a discipline: Luck and chance in migrant careers in geriatric medicine. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 78(3):342–350. 6299. Brady, M.L. 1987. Growing Old in Today’s Society: A Selective Bibliography (Bibliography Series No. 19). San Luis Obispo, CA: California Polytechnic State University. 6300. Burstein, S.R. 1946. Gerontology: A modern science with a long history. Postgrad Med J. 22(249):185–190. 6301. Casado, J.M.R. 2012. The history of geriatric medicine. The present: Problems and opportunities. Eur Geriatr Med. 3(4):228–232. 6302. Cox, H. and Newtson, R. 1993. History of social gerontology. Sociological Practice. 11(1):16–32. 6303. Elliott, R.A. 2016. Geriatric medicine and pharmacy practice: A historical perspective. J Pharm Prac. 46(2):169–177. 6304. Feinglos, S. 1978. Searching the literature of aging: Gerontology reference sources. Educational Gerontology. 3(1):7–15. 6305. Forciea, M.A. 2014. Geriatric medicine: History of a young specialty. AMA J Ethics. 16(5):385–389. 6306. Freeman, J.T. 1960. The first fifty years of geriatrics (1909– 1959). Geriatrics. 15(3):216–218. 6307. Freeman, J.T. 1979. Aging: Its History and Literature. New York: Human Sciences Press. 6308. Grant, R.L. 1963. Concepts of aging: An historical review. Perspect Biol Med. 6:443–478.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6309. Gruman, G. 1957. An introduction to literature on the history of gerontology. Bull Hist Med. 31(1):78–83. 6310. Howell, T.H. 1976. Aspects of the history of geriatric medicine. Proc R Soc Med. 69:445–449. 6311. Jackson, J.J. 1971. The black lands of gerontology. Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2(3):156–171. 6312. Jones, J.S. 1992. Geriatric emergency care: An annotated bibliography. Ann Emerg Med. 21(7):835–841. 6313. Kirk, H. 1992. Geriatric medicine and the categorisation of old age: The historical linkage. Ageing and Society. 12:483–497. 6314. Minois, G. 1989. History of Old Age. Cambridge: Polity Press. 6315. Morley, J.E. 2004. A brief history of geriatrics. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 59(11):1132–1152. 6316. Oliver, D.B., et al. 1980. Tracing the historical growth of gerontology. Educational Considerations. 8(1):2–9. 6317. Park, H.W. (Ed.). 2016. Old Age, New Science: Gerontologists the Their Biosocial Visions, 1900–1960. University of Pittsburgh Press. 6318. Pickard, S. 2014. Frail bodies: Geriatric medicine and the constitution of the fourth age. Sociol Health Illn. 36(4):549– 563. 6319. Ritch, A. 2012. History of geriatric medicine: From Hippocrates to Marjory Warren. J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 42:368–374. 6320. Shock, N.W. 1951. A Classified Bibliography of Gerontology and Geriatrics. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press. 6321. Stearns, P.N. 1978. Toward historical gerontology. Journal of Interdisciplinary History. 8(4):737–746. 6322. Takahashi, R. and Shibata, H. 2019. The historical philosophy of gerontology in the context of our future. J Gerontol Geriat Med. 5:026.

Graphology 6323. Blinkhorn, S.F. 1993. The writing is on the wall (New and Views). Nature. 366(6452):208. 6324. Graumann, H.M. 1983. History and principles of graphology. Bull Menninger Clin. 47(3):242–252.

Hematology

6325. Ludewig, R., et al. 1992. Possibilities and limits of medical graphology. Determination of current status and perspectives (I). Z Gesamte Inn Med. 47(12):549–557. [German] 6326. Ludewig, R., et al. 1993. Possibilities and limits of medical graphology. Determination of current status and perspectives (II). Z Gesamte Inn Med. 48(1):5–12. [German] 6327. Ludewig, R., et al. 1993. Possibilities and limits of medical graphology. Determination of current status and perspectives (III). Z Gesamte Inn Med. 48(2):52–59. [German]

Hematology

6328. Allison, F.S. 1983. An historical review of quality control in hematology. Am J Med Technol. 49(9):625–632. 6329. Benassi, E. 1969. History and current problems of hematology. I. Introduction. Minerva medica. 60(61):2949–2951. 6330. Christensen, R.D. 2001. Historical review: Origins of the discipline ‘neonatal haematology’, 1925–75. Br J Haematol. 113(4):853–860. 6331. Dreyfus, C. 1957. Some Milestones in the History of Haematology. New York: Grune & Stratton. 6332. Firkin, B.G. 2001. Some women pioneers in haematology. Br J Haematol. 108(1):6–12. 6333. Kamble, S.D. and Pradeepa, H. 2015. Bibliometric analysis of hematology during 2004–2013. Journal of Advances in Library & Information Science. 4(1):21–25. 6334. McCann, S.R. 2016. A History of Haematology: From Herodotus to HIV. London: Oxford University Press. 6335. Nicola, N.A., et al. 2015. In memoriam: Donald Metcalf (1929–2014). A historical perspective of his contributions to hematology. Exp Hematol. 43(6):425–427. 6336. Rolleston, H. 1934. The history of haematology. Proc R Soc Med. 27(9):31–48. 6337. Stransky, E. 1971. Essays on the History of Haematology. Milano: Episteme Editrice. 6338. Verso, M.L. 1971. Some 19th century pioneers of haematology. Med Hist. 15(1):55–67.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6339. Wintrobe, M.M. 1985. Hematology, The Blossoming of a Science: A Story of Inspiration and Effort. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger.

Hepatology

6340. Csomós, G. and Thaler, H. 1983. Clinical Hepatology: History, Present State, Outlook. Springer. 6341. McCarthy, M. and Wilkinson, M.L. 1999. Recent advances: Hepatology. BMJ. 318(7193):1256–1259. 6342. Orlandi, R., et al. 2018. ‘I miss my liver.’ Nonmedical sources in the history of hepatocentrism. Hepatology Communications. 2(8):982–989. 6343. Pár A. 1991. From the history of hepatology. Orv Hetil. 132(40):2214–2217. [Hungarian] 6344. Williams, R. 2008. Hepatology: A personal story. Clin Med. 8:25–31. 6345. Yu, Q., et al. 2020. Bibliometric analysis of the 100 mostcited articles in the field of hepatology. Gastroenterología y Hepatología. 43(7):349–357. [Spanish]

Hospice, End of Life, and Palliative Care

6346. Billings, J.A. 1993. Medical education for hospice care: A selected bibliography with brief annotations. Hospice Journal. 9(1):69–83. 6347. Browner, I. and Carducci, M.A. 2005. Palliative chemotherapy: Historical perspective, applications, and controversies. Semin Oncol. 32(2):145–155. 6348. Byock, I. 1998. Hospice and palliative care: A parting of ways or a path to the future? J Palliat Med. 1(2):165–176. 6349. Campbell, L. 1986. History of the hospice movement. Cancer Nurs. 9(6):333–338. 6350. Clark, D. 2000. Palliative care history: A ritual process. Eur J Palliat Care. 7(2):50–55. 6351. Clark, D. 2007. From margins to centre: A review of the history of palliative care in cancer. Lancet Oncol. 8(5):430–438.

Hospice, End of Life, and Palliative Care

6352. Clark, D. 2016. To Comfort Always: A History of Palliative Medicine Since the Nineteenth Century. Oxford University Press. 6353. Dahlin, C.M. and Mazanec, P. 2011. Building from our past: Celebrating 25 years of clinical practice in hospice and palliative nursing. JHPN. 13(6):S20–S28. 6354. Dunn, G.P. 2001. Introduction and historical background of palliative care: Where does the surgeon fit in? J Am Coll Surg. 193(3):324–328. 6355. Flood, C.T. 1984. Evolution of hospice: With deep roots in history, hospice challenges our most up-to-date attitudes. Am J Hosp Care. 1(1):15–17. 6356. Frank, G. 2005. Euthanasia and palliative care: A history of the debate over the last 200 years. J Palliat Care. 21(3):226. 6357. Kaasa, S. and Dale, O. 2005. Building up research in palliative care: An historical perspective and a case for the future. Clin Geriatric Med. 21(1):81–92. 6358. Klaschik, E. and Nauck, F. 1998. Historical development of palliative medicine. Zentralbl Chir. 123(6):620–623. 6359. Kowalik, G. 2013. The idea of palliative and hospice care: A historical overview. Studia Medyczne. 29(2):188–194. [English Abstract/Polish] 6360. Lutz, S. 2011. The history of hospice and palliative care. Curr Probl Cancer. 35(6):304–309. 6361. Miličević, N. 2002. The hospice movement: History and current worldwide situation. Arch Oncol. 10(1):29–31. 6362. Quest, T.E., et al. 2009. Hospice and palliative medicine: New subspecialty, new opportunities. Ann Emerg Med. 54(1):94– 102. 6363. Ricot, J. 2016. History and ethics of palliative care. Cités. 2:49–58. 6364. Risse, G.B. and Balboni, M.J. 2013. Shifting hospital–hospice boundaries: Historical perspectives on the institutional care of the dying. Am J Hosp Palliat Med. 30(4):325–330. 6365. Saunders, D.C. 2001. Social work and palliative care: The early history. Br J Soc Work. 31(5):791–799. 6366. Saunders, D.C. 2001. The evolution of palliative care. J R Soc Med. 94(9):430–432.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6367. Sopcheck, J. 2016. Social, economic, and political issues affecting end-of-life-care. Policy Polit Nurs Pract. 17(1):32– 42. 6368. Stolberg, M., et al. 2017. History of Palliative Care, 1500–1970. Springer. 6369. Wolf, S.M., et al. 2015. Forty years of work on end-of-life care: From patient’s rights to systemic reform. N Engl J Med. 372(7):678–682. 6370. Woodruff, R., et al. 2001. The International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care (IAHPC): History, description, and future direction. J Palliat Med. 4(1):5–7. 6371. Zeng, Y.S., et al. 2018. Complementary and alternative medicine in hospice and palliative care: A systematic review. J Pain Symptom Manage. 56(5):781–794.

Hospitalists 6372. Hoffman, A., et al. 2016. Hospitalists, value and the future. Future Hospital Journal. 3(1):62–64. 6373. Lee, K.H. 2008. The hospitalist movement: A complex adaptive response to fragmentation of care in hospitals (Commentary). Ann Acad Med Singapore. 37(2):145–150. 6374. McGowan, B. and Nightingale, M. 2003. The hospitalist program: A new specialty on the horizon in acute care medicine. BC Med J. 45:391–394. 6375. Milne, C. 2002. The hospitalist revolution. The Medical Post. 38:19. 6376. White, C. 2008. The hospital medicine movement. AMA J Ethics. 10(12):801–804.

Humoral Medicine 6377. Aamir, M.S. 2018. An introduction and historical background of concept of Akhalt (Humour). Int J Hum Health Sci. 2(4):189– 192. 6378. Anderson, E.N., Jr. 1987. Why is humoral medicine so popular? Soc Sci Med. 25(4):331–337.

Internal Medicine

6379. Balzer, W. and Eleftheriadis, A. 1991. A reconstruction of the Hippocratic humoral theory of health. Journal of the General Philosophy of Science. 22:207–227. 6380. Jackson, W.A. 2001. A short guide to humoral medicine. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 22(9):487–489.

Internal Medicine 6381. American College of Physicians. The role of the future of general internal medicine defined. Ann Intern Med. 121(8):616–622. 6382. Anderson, R.J. 1995. Sub-specialization in internal medicine: A historical review, an analysis, and proposals for change. Am J Med. 99(1):74–81. 6383. Bett, W.R. 1960. The History of Internal Medicine. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 6384. Bloomfield, A.L. 1958. A Bibliography of Internal Medicine: Communicable Diseases. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 6385. Bloomfield, A.L. 1959. Origin of the term ‘internal medicine’. JAMA. 169(14):1628–1629. 6386. Bloomfield, A.L. 1960. A Bibliography of Internal Medicine: Selected Diseases. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 6387. Dalen, J.E., et al. 2017. Where have the generalists gone? They became specialists and then subspecialists. Am J Med. 130(7):766–768. 6388. de la Blanchardière, A. and Dinh T. Le. 1994. History of internal medicine. Rev Med Interne. 15(10):690–693. [French] 6389. Echenberg, D. 2007. A history of internal medicine: Medical specialization: As old as antiquity. Rev Med Suisse. 3(135):2737–2739. [French] 6390. Fye, W.B. 1977. The literature and history of internal medicine: An annotated bibliography. Ann Intern Med. 87:123. 6391. Koizumi, S. 2003. The need of general internal medicine: Its historical roots and social background. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi. 92(12):2319–2325. 6392. Larson, E.B., et al. 2004. The future of general internal medicine. J Gen Intern Med. 19:69–77.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6393. Maulitz, R.C. and Long, D.E. 1988. Grand Rounds: One Hundred Years of Internal Medicine. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 6396. Rosselot, E. 1996. Evolution of internal medicine and its specialties in the last decades: An outward view. Rev Med Chil. 124(4):481–489. 6395. Wortmann, R.L. 1998. The clinical philosophy of internal medicine. Am J Med. 104:323–326.

Laryngology, Otolaryngology, Otology, Otorhinolaryngology, Phoniatrics, and Rhinology

6396. Alberti, P.W. 1996. The history of laryngology: A centennial celebration. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 114(3):345–354. 6397. Brown. J.M. 1947. The future of otolaryngology. JAMA. 135(8):471–473. 6398. Chung, S.M. 2012. History of laryngology. J Korean Soc Laryngol Phoniatrics Logopedics. 23(1):13–17. 6399. Cottle, M.H. 1958. Rhinology, 1900 to 1910: A brief survey and a bibliography. Arch Otolaryngol. 67(3):327–333. 6400. Dibsi, F. 2016. The role of Albucasis in evolution of the history of otorhinolaryngology. Glob J Oto. 2(4):0082–0088. 6401. Erskine, S. and Phillips, J.S. (Eds.). 2018. Landmark Papers in Otolaryngology. New York: Oxford University Press. 6402. Friedman, R., et al. 2016. Women’s role in otolaryngologic medicine. Bull Am Coll Surg. 104(12):40–45. 6403. Furstenberg, A.C. 1949. A chronicle of 100 years of otolaryngology. Bull NY Acad Med. 25:775–791. 6404. Glasscock III, M.E. 2002. The history of neuro-otology. Otolaryngol Clin. 35(2):227–228. 6405. Guthrie, D. 1940. The history of otology. J Laryngol Otol. 55:473–494. 6406. Guthrie, D. and Stevenson R.S. 1949. A History of Otolaryngology. Edinburgh: E. and S. Livingstone Ltd. 6407. Hacking, I. 2002. Historical Ontology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Laryngology, Otolaryngology, Otology, Otorhinolaryngology, Phoniatrics, and Rhinology

6408. Hawkins, J.E. and Schacht, J. (Eds.). 2008. Sketches of Otohistory: A Series of Articles Originally Published in Vols. 9–11 (2004–2206): Audiology and Neurotology. Karger. 6409. Helidonis, E.S. 1993. The history of otolaryngology from ancient to modern times. Am J Otolaryngol. 14(6):382–393. 6410. Hunter, K. 1951. A short history of otolaryngology. Ulster Med J. 20(2):106–117. 6411. Júnior, J.F.N., et al. 2007. A brief history of otorhinolaryngology: Otology, laryngology and rhinology. Bra J Otorhinolaryngol. 73(5):693–703. 6412. Kirikae, I. 1977. Origin and development of logopedics and phoniatrics. Japanese Journal of Logopedics & Phoniatrics. 18(2):74–81. [Japanese] 6413. Konstantinidou, S. and Adams, M. 2018. Women in otorhinolaryngology: A historical perspective. J Laryngol Otol. 132(8):670–672. 6414. Kuczkowski, J., et al. 2015. Hermann Gutzmann (1865–1922): The father of phoniatrics, an independent specialty. J Voice. 29(3):263–264. 6415. Lascaratos, J.G., et al. 2003. From the roots of rhinology: The reconstruction of nasal injuries by Hippocrates. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 112(2):159–162. 6416. Luchsinger, R. 1951. History of phoniatrics in the 18th century. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 3(3):178–183. [Undetermined Language] 6417. Lustig, L.R., et al. 1998. The history of otology through its eponyms I: Anatomy. Otolo Neurotol. 19(3):371–389. 6418. Lustig, L.R. and Jackler, R.K. 1999. The history of otology through Eponyms II: The clinical examination. Otol Neurotol. 20(4):535–550. 6419. Massoud, E.A. and Blakley, B.W. 2001. Otology’s past, present and future. J Otolaryngol. 30:21–25. 6420. Mudry, A. 1998. A history of otology through the development of scientific and medical thought. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg. 52(4):257–270. 6421. Mudry, A. 2007. References in the history of otology: The importance of being earnest. Otol Neuroto. 28(1):135–140.

457

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6422. Mudry, A., et al. 2005. History of otorhinolaryngology (ORL) in different European countries between 1880 and 1920 (Editorial). J Laryngol Otol. 119(S):1–2. 6423. Nogueira, J.F. Júnior, et al. 2007. A brief history of otorhinolaryngology: Otology, laryngology and rhinology. Rev Bras Otorinolaringol. 73(5):693–703. 6424. Ormerod, F.C. 1952. The history of the Journal of Laryngology. J Laryngol Otol. 66(4):159–164. 6425. Pappas, D.G., Sr. 2014. An Annotated Bibliography of the Dennis G. Pappas Otolaryngology Collection at the Reynolds Historical Library. Birmingham: University of Alabama, Lister Hill Library of Health Sciences. 6426. Passàli, D. and Sperati, G. 1998. The historical background of allergic rhinopathy therapy. Rhinology. 36(3):140–141. 6427. Prokopakis, E.P., et al. 2010. From ancient Greek medicine to EP30S. Rhinology. 48(3):265–272. 6428. Rolleston, J.D. 1942. Otology and folklore. J Laryngol Otol. 57(6):311–318. 6429. Rosner, F. 1975. Otology in the Bible and Talmud. J Laryngol Otol. 89(4):397–404. 6430. Somayaji, K.G. 2015. The story of progress of otology. Arch Med Health Sci. 3(2):340–345. 6431. St. Pierre, J. and St. Pierre, C. 2018. Governing the voice: A critical history of speech-language pathology. Foucault Stud. 24:151–184. 6432. Stevenson, R., et al. 1949. A History of Otolaryngology. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co. 6433. Stool, S.E. 1996. A brief history of pediatric otolaryngology. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 115(4):278–282. 6434. Thomson, S. 1931. The historical evolution of oto-laryngology. Proc R So Med. 24(8):1074–1080. 6435. Weir, N. 1974. History of otology. Br J Audiol. 8(4):113–118. 6436. Weir, N. 2000. Otorhinolaryngology. Postgrad Med J. 76:65– 69. 6437. Wright, J. 1914. A History of Laryngology and Rhinology. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger. 6438. Yakoot, A.A. 2013. The journey of the evolution of rhinology. Egypt J Otolaryngol. 29:136–142.

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications)

6439. Yakoot, A.A. 2013. The remarkable history of otology. Egypt J Otolaryngol. 29:59–62.

Lifestyle Medicine 6440. Kushner, R.F. and Sorensen, K.W. 2013. Lifestyle medicine: The future of chronic disease management. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 20(5):389–395. 6441. Logan, A.C., et al. 2019. Golden age of medicine 2.0: Lifestyle medicine and planetary health prioritized. J Lifestyle Med. 9(2):75–91. 6442. Phillips, E.M., et al. 2020. Lifestyle medicine. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 31(4):515–526.

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications) General History 6443. Bercovich, E. and Javitt, M.C. 2018. Medical imaging: From Roentgen to the digital revolution, and beyond. Rambam Maimonides Med J. 9(4):e0034. 6444. Bracegridle, B. 1978. A History of Microtechnique. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. 6445. Bradley, W.G. 2008. History of medical imaging. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 152(3):349–361. 6446. Bredekamp, H., et al. 2015. The Technical Image: A History of Styles in Scientific Imagery. University of Chicago Press. 6447. Doi, K. 2006. Diagnostic imaging over the last 50 years: Research and development in medical imaging science and technology. Phys Med Biol. 51(13):R5–R27. 6448. Gunderman, R.B. 2012. X-Ray Vision: The Evolution of Medical Imaging and its Human Significance. New York: Oxford University Press. 6449. Jain, L. and Singh, P. 2014. A historical and qualitative analysis of difference medical imaging techniques. International Journal of Computer Applications. 107(15):4–8.

459

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6450. Kevles, B.H. Naked to the Bone: Medical Imaging in the Twentieth Century. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. 6451. Krupinski, E.A. and Jiang, Y. 2008. Anniversary paper: Evaluation of medical imaging systems. Med Phys. 35(2):645– 659. 6452. Mallard, J.R. 2003. The evolution of medical imaging: From Geiger counters to MRI--a personal saga. Perspect Biol Med. 46(3):349–370. 6453. Moran, D.E. and Heffernan, E.J. 2010. The evolution of wholebody imaging. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 14(1):3–13. 6454. Ostherr, K. 2013. Medical Visions: Producing the Patient Through Film, Television, and Imaging Technologies. New York: Oxford University Press. 6455. Siebert, J.A. 1995. One hundred years of medical diagnostic imaging technology. Health Phys. 69(5):695–720. 6456. Stytz, M.R. and Frieder, O. 1990. Three-dimensional medical imaging modalities: An overview. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 18(1):1–25. 6457. van Dijck, J. 2005. The Transparent Body: A Cultural Analysis of Medical Imaging. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Arthrography

6458. Arndt, R-D., et al. 1981. Clinical Arthrography. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 6459. Freiberger, R.H., et al. 1979. Arthrography. Norwalk, CT: Appleton-Century-Crofts. 6460. Lindblom, K. 1952. Arthrography. J Fac Radiol. 3(3):151–163. 6461. Peterson, J.F. and Bancroft, L.W. 2009. History of arthrography. Radiol Clin North Am. 47(3):373–386.

Arthroscope and Arthroscopy 6462. Bennett, K. and Kamineni, S. 2020. History of elbow arthroscopy. Elbow. 1(1):23–31. 6463. Bigony, L. 2008. Arthroscopic surgery: A historical perspective. Orthopaedic Nursing. 27(6):349–354.

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications)

6464. Bucher, T.A., et al. 2014. The use of the 70° arthroscope for anatomic femoral and tibial tunnel placement and tunnel viewing in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthrosc Tech. 3(1):e79–e81. 6465. Fontes, D. 2006. Historical developments of upper limp arthroscopy. Chir Main. 25:S4–S7. 6466. Jackson, R.W. 1996. From the scalpel to the scope: The history of arthroscopy. Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings. 9(4):77–79. 6467. Jackson, R.W. 2010. A history of arthroscopy. Arthroscopy. 26(1):91–103. 6468. Kambin, P. and Zhou, L. 1996. History and current status of percutaneous arthroscopic disc surgery. Spine. 21(S24):57S– 61S. 6469. Kieser, C. 1999. Arthroscopy from the point of view of world history and technology. Arthroskopie. 12(3):111–116. 6470. LaPorta, G. and Turrisi, J.S. 1987. The history and clinical application of arthroscopy. Clin Podiatric Med Surg. 4(4):829– 834. 6471. Macmull, S. and Gupte, C.M. 2015. Basic knee arthroscopy: A brief history, surgical techniques and potential complications. Orthopaedics Trauma. 29(1):6–11. 6472. Magrill, A.C., et al. 2017. Historical review of arthroscopic surgery of the hip. Int Orthop. 41(10):1983–1994. 6473. Marić, D., et al. 2002. History of arthroscopy. Medicinski Pregled. 55(1–2):51–56. 6474. McCarthy, J.C. and Lee, J.A. 2011. History of hip arthroscopy: Challenges and opportunities. Clinical Sports Medicine. 30(2):217–224. 6475. Strafford, B.B. and Del, W.P. 1993. A historical review of shoulder arthroscopy. Orthop Clin North Am. 24(1):1–4.

Bronchoscope and Bronchoesophagoscopy

6476. Aviv, J.E. 2006. Transnasal esophagoscopy: State of the art. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 135:616–619. 6477. Brusis, T. and Luckhaupt, H. 1991. History of esophagoscopy. Laryngorhinootologie. 70(2):105–108. [English Abstract/ German]

461

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6478. He, B., et al. 2020. The top 100 most cited articles on bronchoscopy: A bibliometric analysis. BMC Pulm Med. 20:229. 6479. Ingals, E.F. 1904. Esophagoscopy and bronchoscopy. JAMA. 63(21):1514–1519. 6480. Kelly, H.D. 1969. Origins of esophagology. Proc R Soc Med. 62(8):781–786. 6481. Kiluan, G. 1911. The history of bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy. Laryngoscope. 21(9):891–897. 6482. Mandal, A. and Saha, D. 1995. History of bronchoscopy. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 47(3):173–176. 6483. Mehta, A.C., et al. The evolutional history of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy: State of the art. Chest. 154(4):395– 947. 6484. Moreno, B.E. and Pérez, T.A. 1998. Historical evolution in the centenary of bronchoscopy: Past, present, and future. Arch Bronconeumol. 34(6):300–306. [Spanish] 6485. Panchabhai, T.S. and Mehta, A.C. 2015. Historical perspectives of bronchoscopy. Connecting the dots. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 12(5):631–641. 6486. Taylor, F.H., et al. 1980. The flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope: Diagnostic tool or medical toy? Ann Thorac Surg. 29(6):546– 550.

Colonoscopy

6487. Ciuti, G., et al. 2020. Frontiers of robotic colonoscopy: A comprehensive review of robotic colonoscopies and technologies. J Clin Med. 9:1648. 6488. da Silva, G.M. and Vernava, A.M. III. 2001. History of colonoscopy. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 14(4):303–308. 6489. Hassan, C. and Repici, A. 2017. Recent advances in diagnostic colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening: An update for radiologists. Am J Roentgenol. 209(1):88–93. 6490. Overholt, B.F. 1975. Colonoscopy: A review. Gastroenterology. 68:1308–1320. 6491. Wolff, W.I. 1989. Colonoscopy: History and development. Am J Gastroenterol. 84(9):1017–1025.

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications)

Colposcopy 6492. Adelman, M.R. 2014. Novel advancements in colposcopy: Historical perspectives and a systematic review of future developments. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 18(3):246–260. 6493. de Costa, C. 2012. Ab umbris ad lumina vitae: A short history of coloscopy. Cancer. 14(1). 6494. Fusco, E., et al. 2008. History of colposcopy: A brief biography of Hinselmann. J Prenat Med. 2(2):19. 6495. Grubišić, G. 2013. From the history of colposcopy toward the ninetieth anniversary of colposcopy (1924–2014). Gynaecologia et Perinatologia. 22(1):31–39. [Croatian] 6496. Jeronimo, J. and Schiffman, M. 2006. Coloscopy at a crossroads. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 195:349–353. 6497. Lana, V. and Teixeira, L.A. 2015. Colposcopia no diagnóstico precoce do câncer do colo do útero: A experiência norteamericana. Rev Brasil Historia. 8(1):39–50. [English Abstract/ Spanish] 6498. Weese, W.H. 1976. A brief history of colposcopy. J Reprod Med. 16(5):209–211.

Computer-Aided Diagnosis 6499. Castellino, R.A. 2005. Computer aided detection (CAD): An overview. Cancer Imaging. 5(1):17–19. 6500. Doi, K. 2005. Current status and future potential of computeraided diagnosis in medical imaging. Br J Radiol. 78:S3–S19. 6501. Doi, K. 2007. Computer-aided diagnosis in medical imaging: Historical review, current status and future potential. Comput Med Imaging Graph. 31:198–211.

Computed and Radiological Tomography 6502. Beckmann, E.C. 2006. CT scanning: The early days. Br J Radiol. 79(937):5–8. 6503. Bhidé, A., et al. 2019. Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances: Development of Computed Tomography (Working Paper 20–004). Harvard Business School.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6504. Doran, S.J. and Krstajic, N. 2006. The history and principles of optical computed tomography for scanning 3-D radiation dosimeters. J Phys: Conf Ser. 56:45–57. 6505. Hsieh, J. and Flohr, T. 2021. Computed tomography recent history and future perspectives. Journal of Medical Imaging. 8(5):052109. 6506. Liguori, C., et al. 2015. Emerging clinical applications of computed tomography. Medical Devices: Evidence & Research. 8:265–278. 6507. Martino, S., et al. 2008. Computed Tomography in the 21st Century: Changing Practice for Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy Professionals. Albuquerque, NM: American Society of Radiologic Technicians. 6508. Rubin, G.D. 2014. Computed tomography: Revolutionizing the practice of medicine for 40 years. Radiology. 273(S2):S45– S74. 6509. Susskind, C. 1981. The invention of computed tomography. History of Technology. 6:30–80. 6510. Web, S. 1990. From the Watching of Shadows. The Origins of Radiological Tomography. Bristol: Adam Hilger. 6511. Wesolowski, J.R. and Lev, M.H. 2005. CT: History, technology, and clinical aspects. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 26(6):376– 379.

Cystoscope and Cystoscopy

6512. Gomella, L.G. 2009. From the Lichtleiter to capsule cystoscopy. Eur Urol. 55:1034–1036. 6513. Reuter, M.A. and Reuter, H.J. 1998. The development of the cystoscope. J Urol. 159:638–640. 6514. Schultheiss, D., et al. 1999. Air cystoscopy: The history of an endoscopic technique from the late 19th century. BJU Int. 83:571–577. 6515. Samplaski, M.K. and Jones, J.S. 2008. Two centuries of cystoscopy: The development of imaging, instrumentation and synergistic technologies. BJU Int. 103(2):154–158. 6516. Wuilleumier, J., et al. 2015. The history of cystoscopy in urology. Int J Urol. 14(1).

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications)

Echocardiography and Electrocardiography 6517. Barold, S.S. 2003. Willem Einthoven and the birth of clinical electrocardiography a hundred years ago. Cardiac Electrophysiology Review. 7:99–104. 6518. Edler, I. and Lindström, K. 2004, The history of echocardiography. Ultrasound Med Biol. 30(12):1565–1644. 6519. Feigenbaum, H. 1996. Evolution of echocardiography. Circulation. 93(7):1321–1327. 6520. Fye, W.B. 1994. A history of the origin, evolution, and impact of electrocardiography. Am J Cardiol. 73(13):937–949. 6521. Gowda, R.M., et al. 2004. History of the evolution of echocardiography. Int J Cardiol. 97(1):1–6. 6522. Hurst, J.W. 1998. Naming of the waves in the ECG, with a brief account of their genesis. Circulation. 98:1937–1942. 6523. Picano, E. 2003. Stress echocardiography: A historical perspective. Am J Med. 114(2):126–130. 6524. Singh, S. and Goyal, A. 2007. The origin of echocardiography. Texas Heart Inst J. 34(4):431–438. 6525. Yang, X-L., et al. 2015. The history, hotspots, and trends of electrocardiogram. J Geriatr Cardiol. 12:448–456.

Elastography

6526. Garra, B.S. 2015. Elastography: History, principles, and technique comparison. Abdom Imaging. 40(4):680–697. 6527. Sarvazyan, A., et al. 2011. An overview of elastography: An emerging branch of medical imaging. Curr Med Imaging. 7(4):255–282.

Electroencephalography

6528. Collura, T.F. 1993. History and evolution of electroencephalographic instruments and techniques. J Clin Neurophysiol. 10(4):476–504. 6529. Kull, L.L. 1997. Kathleen Mears Lecture: Twentieth century EEG technology for the 21st Century: Considering our future by examining our past. Am J Electroneurodiagnostic Technol. 37:1–26.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6530. Schirmann, F. 2014. “The wondrous eyes of a new technology.” A history of the early electroencephalography (EEG) of psychopathy, delinquency, and immorality. Front Hum Neurosci. 8:232.

Endophotography 6531. Reuter, M. 2000. The historical development of endophotography. World J Urol. 18:299–302. 6532. Wolnik, L. 1978. Colpophotography with endophotographic equipment. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 8(4):231–233.

Endoscope and Endoscopy

6533. De Groen, P.C. 2017. History of the endoscope. IEEE Proc. 105(10):19871995. 6534. Edmonson, J.M. 1991. History of the instruments for gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 37:S27–S56. 6535. Gorden, A. 1993. The History and Development of Endoscopic Surgery. London: Saunders. 6536. Iddan, G.J. and Swain, C.P. 2004. History and development of capsule endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 14:1–9. 6537. Lau, W.Y., et al. 1997. History of endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery. World J Surg. 21:444–453. 6538. Linder, T.E., et al. 1997. Revolutionary inventions in the 20th century: The history of endoscopy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 123(11):1161–1163. 6539. Litynski, G.S. 1999. Endoscopic surgery: The history, the pioneers. World J Surg. 23:745–753. 6540. Nezhat, C. Nezhat’s History of Endoscopy: A Historical Analysis of Endoscopy’s Ascension Since Antiquity. Tuttingen, Germany: Endo Press. 6541. Ramai, D., et al. 2018. Philipp Bozzini (1773–1809): The earliest description of endoscopy. J Med Biogr. 26(2):137– 141. 6542. Shehata, M. 2004. History of endoscopy. JISHIM. 3(6):60–63. 6543. Sircus, W., et al. 2003. Milestones in the evolution of endoscopy: A short history. J R Coll Physicians Endinb. 33:124–134.

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications)

Fluoroscopy 6544. Balter, S. 2019. Fluoroscopic technology from 1895 to 2019. Drivers: physics and physiology. Med Phys Int. 2:111–140. 6545. Krohmer, J.S. 1989. Radiography and fluoroscopy: 1920 to the present. Radiographics. 9(6):1129–1153. 6546. Shalom, N.E., et al. 2020. Fluoroscopy: An essential diagnostic modality in the age of high-resolution cross-sectional imaging. World J Radiol. 12(10):213–230.

Gastroscopy

6547. Bhidé, A., et al. 2020. Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (Working Paper 20005). Boston, MA: Harvard Business School. 6548. Colcher, H. 1974. Diagnostic fiberoptic gastroscopy. JAMA. 228(7):891–892. 6549. Davis, A.B. 1972. Rudolf Schindler’s role in the development of gastroscopy. Bull Hist Med. 46(2):150–170. 6550. Rocker, M., et al. 1998. History of gastroscopy. Min Invas Ther Allied Technol. 7(1):5–7. 6551. Sivak, M.V. 2006. Gastrointestinal endoscopy: Past and future. Gut. 55(8):1061–1064. 6552. Taylor, H. 1937. Gastroscopy: Its history, technique, and clinical value, with report on sixty cases. Br J Surg. 24(95):469–500.

Hysteroscopy

6553. Lindemann, H-J. 1973. Historical aspects of hysteroscopy. Fertil Steril. 24(3):230–241. 6554. Russell, J.B. 1988. History and development of hysteroscopy. Obstet Gynecol Clin. 15(1):1–11. 6555. Siegler, A.M. 1998. The early history of hysteroscopy. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. 5(4):329–332. 6556. Tarneja, P. and Duggal, B.S. 2002. Hysteroscopy: Past, present and future (editorial). Med J Armed Forces India. 58(4):293– 294.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Infrared and Thermal Imaging 6557. Ferrari, M. and Quaresima, V. 2012. A brief review on the history of human functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS ) development and fields of application. Neuroimage. 63(2):921–935. 6558. Jiang, L.J., et al. 2005. A perspective on medical infrared imaging. J Med Eng Technol. 29(6):257–267. 6559. Lahiri, B.B., et al. 2012. Medical applications of infrared thermography: A review. Infrared Phys Technol. 55:221–235. 6560. Ring, E.F.J. 2004. The historical development of thermal imaging in medicine. Rheumatology. 43:800–802. 6561. Ring, E.F.J. 2006. The historical development of thermometry and thermal imaging in medicine. J Med Eng Technol. 30(4):192–198. 6562. Van DER Star, P. 1969. The history of thermometry in medicine. Bibl Radiol. 5:1–7.

Laparoscopy

6563. Antoniou, S.A., et al. 2012. Endoscopy and laparoscopy: A historical aspect of medical terminology. Surg Endosc. 26(12):3650–3654. 6564. Bhidé, A., et al. 2020. Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances: Laparoscopy (Working Paper 20-008). Boston, MA: Harvard Business School. 6565. Kaiser, A.M. and Corman, M.L. 2001. History of laparoscopy. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 10(3):483–492. 6566. Kelley, W.E., Jr. 2008. The evolution of laparoscopy and the revolution in surgery in the decade of the 1990s (presidential address). JSLS. 12(4):351–357. 6567. Litynski, G.S. 1998. Highlights in the History of Laparoscopy. Frankfurt: Barbara Bernet Verlag. 6568. Rock, J.A. and Warshaw, J.R. 1994. The history and future of operative laparoscopy. AJOG. 170(1):7–11. 6569. Ruiz, A.G., et al. 2016. Evolución histórica de la cirugía laparoscópica. Cirugía Endoscópica. 17(2):93–104. [English Abstract/Spanish]

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications)

Laryngoscope and Laryngoscopy 6570. Burkle, C.M., et al. 2004. A historical perspective on use of the laryngoscope as a tool in anesthesiology. Anesthesiology. 100(4):1003–1006. 6571. Cooper, R.M. 2004. Laryngoscopy: Its past and future. Can J Anesthesia. 51(1):R1–R5. 6572. Hurford, W.E. 2010. The video revolution: A new view of laryngoscopy. Repsir Care. 55(8):1036–1045. 6573. Jahn, A. and Blitzer, A. 1996. A short history of laryngoscopy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 21:181–185. 6574. Thomson, St. C. 1905. The history of the laryngoscope. Laryngoscope. 15(3):181–184.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 6575. Ai, T., et al. 2012. A historical overview of magnetic resonance imaging, focusing on technological innovations. Invest Radiol. 47(12):725–741. 6576. Bhide, A., et al. 2020. Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Working Paper 20001). Boston, MA: Harvard Business School. 6577. Edelman, R.R. 2014. The history of MR imaging as seen through the pages of radiology. Radiology. 273:S181–S200. 6578. Geva, T. 2006. Magnetic resonance imaging: Historical perspective. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 8:573–580. 6579. Lohrke, J., et al. 2016. 25 years of contrast-enhanced MRI: Developments, current challenges, and future perspectives. Adv Ther. 33:1–28. 6580. Mattson, J. and Simon, M. 1996. The Pioneers of NMR and Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: The Story of MRI. Jericho, NY: Bar-Ilan University Press. 6581. Riederer, S.J. 1996. The future technical development of MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 6(1):52–56. 6582. Young, I.R. 2004. Significant events in the development of MRI (Invited Editorial Comment). J Magn Reson Imaging. 20:183–186.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Mammography 6583. Bassett, L.W. and Gold, R.H. 1988. The evolution of mammography. AJR. 150:493–498. 6584. Bhidé, A., et al. 2020. Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances: Mammography (Working Paper 20-002). Boston, MA: Harvard Business School. 6585. Gold, R.H., et al. 1990. Highlights from the history of mammography. Radiographics. 10:1111–1131. 6586. Haus, A.G. 2002. Historical technical developments in mammography. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 1(2):119–126. 6587. Hologic Inc. 2019. Contrast Enhanced Mammography: Selected Bibliography. 6588. Joe, B.N. and Sickles, E.A. 2014. The evolution of breast imaging: Past to present. Radiology. 273(2):S23–S43. 6589. Kalaf, J.M. 2014. Mammography: A history of success and scientific enthusiasm (Editorial). Radiol Bras. 47(4):6–8. 6590. Law, J. 2006. The development of mammography. Phys Med Biol. 51:R155–R167. 6591. Puretz, D.H. 1976. Mammography. History, current events, and recommendations. N Y State Med J. 76(12):1985–1991.

Microscopes and Microscopy

6592. Berge, A.L. 1999. The history of science and the history of microscopy. Perspectives on Science. 7(1):111–142. 6593. Bracegridle, B. 1978. A History of Microtechnique. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. 6594. Bradbury, S. 1967. The Evolution of the Microscope. Oxford: Pergamon Press. 6595. Booth, A.D. 1964. Microscope history: The aperture question. J Microsc. 83(1–2):119–121. 6596. Croft, W.J. 2006. Under the Microscope: A Brief History of Microscopy. World Scientific. 6597. Ghadially, F.N. 1997. As you like it. Ultrastruct Pathol. 21(3):211–226. 6598. Ghadially, F.N. 1999. As you like it, part 2: A critique and historical review of the electron microscopy literature. Ultrastruct Pathol. 23(1):1–17.

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications)

6599. Hajdu, S.I. 2002. A note from history: The first use of the microscope in medicine. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 32(3):309–310. 6600. Hedvat, C.V. 2010. Digital microscopy: Past, present and future. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 134(11):1666–1670. 6601. Hughes, A. 1955. Studies in the history of microscopy. J R Microscopical Soc. 75(1):1–22. 6602. Hughes, A. 1955. Studies in the history of microscopy. 2. The later history of the achromatic microscope. J Microsc. 76(1– 2):47–60. 6603. Kirz, J. and Jacobsen, C. 2009. The history and future of X-ray microscopy. J Phys Conf Ser. 186:012001. 6604. Mudry, A. 2000. The history of the microscope for use in ear surgery. Am J Otol. 21:877–886. 6605. Parot, P., et al. 2007. Past, present and future of atomic force microscopy in life sciences and medicine. J Mol Recognit. 20:418–431. 6606. Singer, C. Notes on the early history of microscopy. Proc R Soc Med. 7:247–279. 6607. Turner, G.L. 1980. Essays on the History of the Microscope. Oxford: Senecio Publishing. 6608. Usher, A.P. 1951. The development of the microscope and its application to medicine and public health. Am J Pharm Educ. 15:319–338. 6609. Wollman, A.J.M., et al. 2015. From Animaculum to single molecules: 300 years of the light microscope. Open Biology. 5:150019.

Neuroendoscopy and Neuroradiology 6610. Abbott, R. 2004. History of neuroendoscopy. NeuroSurg Clin North Am. 15(1):1–7. 6611. Ben, S.D. 2019. History and evolution of the Journal of Neuroradiology. J Neuroradiol. 46(1):1. 6612. Bull, J.W.D. 1970. The history of neuroradiology. Proc R Soc Med. 63:637–643. 6613. Duffner, F., et al. 1997. 75 years after Dandy, Fay and Mixter: Looking back on the history of neuroendoscopy. Zentralbl Neurochir. 59(2):121–128. [German]

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6614. Li, K.W., et al. 2005. Neuroendoscopy: Past, present and future. Neurosurg Focus. 19(6):e1. 6615. Stachura, K. and Libionka, W. 2007. An outline of the history of neuroendoscopy. Przegl Lek. 64(2):118–120. [Polish]

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

6616. Alavi, A., et al. 2004. PET: A revolution in medical imaging. Radiol Clin North Am. 42:983–1001. 6617. Del Guerra, A., et al. 2016. Positron emission tomography: Its 65 years. Riv Del Nuovo Cimento. 39(4):155–223. 6618. Jones, T. and Townsend, D. 2017. History and future innovation in positron emission tomography. J Med Imag. 4(1):0110131. 6619. Nutt, R. 2002. The history of positron emission tomography. Mol Imaging Biol. 4(1):11–26. 6620. Rich, D.A. 1997. A brief history of positron emission tomography. J Nucl Med Technol. 25:4–11. 6621. Ter-Pogossian, M.M. 1982. Positron emission tomography (PET). J Med Syst. 6(6):569–577. 6622. Vaquero, J.J. and Kinahan, P. 2015. Positron Emission Tomography: Current challenges and opportunities for technological advances in clinical and preclinical imaging systems. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 17:385–414. 6623. Wagner, H.N., Jr. 1998. A brief history of positron emission tomography (PET). Semin Nucl Med. 28(3):231–220.

Radiology and Radiography

6624. Bourne, C.M. and Chhem, R.K. 2013. War medicine as a springboard for early knowledge construction in radiology. Med Stud. 4(1–4):53–70. 6625. Brieger, G.H. 1989. Who will write the history of radiology? Invest Radiol. 24(2):172–173. 6626. Brogdon, B.G. and Lichtenstein, J.E. 2000. Forensic radiology in historical perspective. Crit Rev Diagn Imaging. 41(1):13– 42.

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications)

6627. Devic, S. 2010. Radiochromic film dosimetry: Past, present, and future. Phys Med. 27(3):122–134. 6628. Feldman, A. 1989. A sketch of the technical history of radiology from 1896–1920. Radiographics. 9(6):1113–1128. 6629. Ferris, C. 2005. The development of specialisation in diagnostic radiography: Concepts, contexts and implications. Doctoral Dissertation, Sheffield Hallam University. 6630. Ferris, C. 2009. Specialism in radiology: A contemporary history of diagnostic radiography. Radiography. 15(S1):e78– e84. 6631. Ferris, C. and Winslow, M. 2009. Oral history in radiology: Listening to pioneers. Radiography. 15(S1):e62–e66. 6632. Georgiadis, C.S. 2002. Etymology of selected medical terms used in radiology: The mythologic connection. Am J Roentgenol. 178(5):1101–1107. 6633. Haus, A.G. and Cullinan, J.E. 1989. Screen film processing systems for medical radiography: A historical review. Radiographics. 9(6):1203–1224. 6634. Thrall, J.H. 2007. Teleradiology. Part 1. History and clinical applications. Radiology. 243(3):613–617.

Sigmoidoscopy

6635. Neuget, A.I. and Pita, S. 1988. Role of sigmoidoscopy in screening for colorectal cancer: A critical review. Gastroenterology. 95:494–499. 6636. Rex, D.K. 1999. The small polyp at flexible sigmoidoscopy: An historical perspective on why practices still vary. J Clin Gastroenterol. 28(1):19–22. 6637. Thompson, W.G. 1974. Sigmoidoscopy. CMAJ. 110:683–685.

Sonography (Ultrasound)

6638. Baker, J.P. 2005. The history of sonographers. J Ultrasound Med. 24(1):1–14. 6639. Bhide, A., et al. 2020. Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances: Ultrasound Scanning (Working Paper 20-003). Boston, MA: Harvard Business School.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6640. Clark, G. and White, D. 1976. Bibliography of diagnostic uses of ultrasound in medicine and biology. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2:235–248. 6641. Cohen, H.L. and Moore, W.H. 2004. History of emergency ultrasound. J Ultrasound Med. 23(4):451–458. 6642. Cronan, J.J. 2003. History of venous ultrasound. J Ultrasound Med. 22:1143–1146. 6643. Goldberg, B.B., et al. 1993. Early history of diagnostic ultrasound: The role of American radiologists. AJR. 160:189– 194. 6644. Kendall, J.L., et al. 2007. History of emergency and critical care ultrasound: The evolution of a new imaging paradigm. Crit Care Med. 35(5):s126–s130. 6645. Newman, P.G. and Rozycki, G.S. 1998. The history of ultrasound. Surg Clin North Am. 78(2):179–195. 6646. O’Mahony, E., et al. 2015. Teleultrasound: Historical perspective and clinical application. Int J Telemed Appl. 2015:306259. 6647. Russell, T.C. 2013. Ultrasound in the austere environment: A review of the history, indications, and specifications. Mil Med. 178: 21–28. 6648. Sparks, A., et al. 2004. The clinical benefits of the bladder scanner: A research synthesis. J Nurs Care Qual. 19(3):188– 192. 6649. Stephenson, S.R. 2005. 3D and 4D sonography: History and theory. JDMS. 21:392–399. 6650. Walcott, B.M. 1999. Mapping the literature of diagnostic medical sonography. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 87(3):287–291.

Thoracoscopy

6651. Braimbridge, M.V. 1993. The history of thoracoscopic surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 56(3):610–614. 6652. Das, K. and Rothberg, M. 2000. Thoracoscopic surgery: Historical perspectives. Neurosurg Focus. 9(4):e10. 6653. Gonzalez-Rivas, D. 2016. Uniportal thoracoscopic surgery: From medical thoracoscopy to non-intubated uniportal video-

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications)

assisted major pulmonary resections. Ann Cardiothorac Surg. 5(2):85–91. 6654. Loddenkemper, R., et al. 2011. History and clinical use of thoracoscopy/pleuroscopy in respiratory medicine. Breathe. 8(2):145–155. 6655. Marchetti, G.P., et al. 2011. 100 years of thoracoscopy: Historical notes. Respiration. 82:187–192. 6656. Shoukri, A. 2013. Medical thoracoscopy: Past, present and future. Egypt J Bronchol. 7(2):50–52. 6657. Tassi, G.F. and Tschopp, J.M. 2010. The centenary of medical thoracoscopy (Editorial). Eur Respir J. 36:1229–1231.

X-Ray

6658. Assmus, A. 1995. Early history of x-rays. Beam Line. 25(2):10– 24. 6659. Gardiner, J.H. 1909. The origin, history and development of the X-ray tube. Journal of the Röntgen Society. 5(20):66–80 6660. Goodman, P.C. 1995. The new light: Discovery and introduction of the X-ray. AJR. 165:1041–1045. 6661. Howell, J.D. 2016. Early clinical use of the x-ray. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc. 127:341–349. 6662. Lavine, M. 2012. The early clinical X-Ray in the United States: Patient experiences and public perceptions. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 67(4):587–625. 6663. Mould, R.F. 1995. The early history of x-ray diagnosis with emphasis on the contributions of physics 1895–1915. Phys Med Biol. 40:1741–1787. 6664. Mould, R.F. 2014. Annotated X-Ray Bibliography 1896– 1945, Also Containing Some Selected References on Nuclear Physics, Radioactivity and Nuclear Medicine. Warsaw: Polish Oncological Society. 6665. Nascimento, M.L.F. 2014. Brief history of X-ray tube patents. World Patent Information. 37:48–53. 6666. Phillips, C.E.S. 1906. Bibliography of X-ray Literature and Research. London: The Electrician Printing & Publishing Co.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Medical Informatics 667. Banks, J.T. 1991. Indexing the future. Lit Med. 10:143–161. 6 6668. Bansard J.Y., et al. 2007. Medical informatics and bioinformatics: A bibliometric study. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed. 11(3):237–243. 6669. Bar-Ilan, J. 2008. Informetrics at the beginning of the 21st century. A review. J Informetrics. 2:1–52. 6670. Barrett, D., et al. 2014. Unravelling the tangled taxonomies of health informatics. Inform Prim Care. 21(3):152–155. 6671. Brannigan, V.M. and Dayhoff, R.E. 1986. Medical informatics. The revolution in law, technology, and medicine. J Leg Med. 7(1):1–53. 6672. Cascajares, M., et al. 2021. The bibliometric literature on Scopus and WoS: The medicine and environmental sciences categories as case of study. Int J Enviro Res Public Health. 18:5851. 6673. Cesnik, B. and Kidd, M.R. 2010. History of health informatics: A global perspective. Stud Health Technol Inform. 151:3–8. 6674. Collen, M.F. 1986. Origins of medical informatics. Western J Med. 145(6):778. 6675. Collen, M.F. 2006. History of medical informatics: Fifty years in medical informatics. Yearb Medical Inform. 15(1):174–179. 6676. Cote, R.A. and Rothwell, D.J. 1989. The classificationnomenclature issues in medicine: A return to natural language. Med Inform. 14(1):25–41. 6677. Davies, A., et al. 2020. Core competencies for clinical informaticians: A systematic review. Int J Med Inform. 141:104237. 6678. DeShazo, J.P., et al. 2009. Publication trends in the medical informatics literature: 20 years of” Medical Informatics” in MeSH. BMC Med inform Decis Mak. 9(1):7. 6679. Dimitrov, I. 1996. The questions of medical informatics. Methods Inf Med. 35(1):8–11. 6680. Gabriela, E.R. and Fravenhofer, M.M. 1984. Abbreviations: A challenge to medical informatics. J Clin Monit Comput. 12(5):140–154.

Medical Informatics

6681. Gillum, R.F. 2013. From papyrus to the electronic tablet: A brief history of the clinical medical record with lessons for the digital age. Am J Med. 126(10):853–857. 6682. Goodman, K.W. (Ed.). 1998. Ethics, Computing and Medicine: Informatics and the Transformation of Health Care. Cambridge University Press. 6683. Gülkesen, K.H. and Haux, R. 2019. Research subjects and research trends in medical informatics. Methods Inf Med. 58:e1–e13. 6684. Haux, R. 2010. Medical informatics: Past, present, future. Int J Med Inform. 79(9):599–610. 6685. Hess, V. 2010. Formalizing observation: The emergence of the modern patient record exemplified by Berlin and Paris medicine, 1725–1830. Medizinhist J. 45(3–4):293–340. [German] 6686. Hess, V. 2010. Medical records as a means of hospital historiography. Hist Hosp. 27:43–52. 6687. Horbach, L. 1994. Medical informatics: Historical roots and development since the 60’s. Cah School Demogr Med. 34(4):381–401. [French] 6688. Keirstead, R.G. 1985. An archival investigation of hospital records. Master of Archival Studies Thesis, University of British Columbia. 6689. Kokol, P., et al. 2020. Application of bibliometrics in medicine: A historical bibliometric analysis. Health Info Libr J. DOI: 10.1111/hir.12295. 6690. Lewis, M. 1997. Health informatics: An annotated bibliography. Health Inf Manag. 27(4):180–182. 6691. Lewison, G. 2001. Evaluation of books as research outputs in history of medicine. Research Evaluation. 10(2):89–95. 6692. Masic, I. 2013. Medical publication and scientometrics. J Res Med Sci. 18(6):516–521. 6693. Masic, I. 2013. The history and new trends of medical informatics. Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 7(3):72–83. 6694. Masic, I. 2014. Five periods in development of medical informatics. Acta Inform Med. 22(1):44–48.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6695. Masic, I. and Mihalas, G. (Eds.) 2014. Contributions to the History of Medical Informatics. Sarajevo: Library of Biomedical Publications. 6696. Moore, J.H. and Holmes, J.H. 2016. The golden era of biomedical informatics has begun. BioData Min. 9:15. 6697. Morris, T.A. and McCain, K.W. 1998. The structure of medical informatics journal literature. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 5(5):448–466. 6698. Otero, P., et al. 2004. Evolution of medical informatics in bibliographic databases. Stud Health Technol Inform. 107(Pt 1):301–305. 6699. Peterson, H.E. 2006. History of medical informatics: From punched cards to computerized patient records: A personal journey. Yearb Med Inform. 15(1):180–186. 6700. Rajan, T.N. and Sen, B.K. 1986. An essay on informetrics: A study on growth and development. Annals of Library Science & Documentation. 33(1–2):1–12. 6701. Reichertz, P.L. 1980. Medical informatics: Fiction or reality? Methods Inf Med. 19(1):11–5. 6702. Schuemie, M.J., et al. 2009. Mapping the domain of medical informatics. Methods Inf Med. 48(01):76–83. 6703. Siegler, E.L. 2010. The evolving medical record. Ann Intern Med. 153:671–677. 6704. Tait, I. 1981. History of our records. BMJ. 282:702–703. 6705. Talmon, J.L. and Hasman, A. 2002. Medical informatics as a discipline at the beginning of the 21st century. Methods Inf Med. 41(1):04–07. 6706. Thompson, D.F. and Walker, C.K. 2015. A descriptive and historical review of bibliometrics with applications to medical sciences. Pharmacotherapy. 35(6):551–559. 6707. van Bemmel, J.H. 1996. Medical informatics, art or science? Methods Inf Med. 35(3):157–172. 6708. Viets, H.R. 1938. The bibliography of medicine. Bull Med Lib Assoc. 27(2):105–117. 6709. Vošner, H.B., et al. 2019. Bibliometric analysis of the International Medical Informatics Association official journals. Inform Health Soc Care. 44(4):405–421.

Military and War Medicine

6710. Whitrow, M. (Ed.) 1976. ISIS Cumulative Bibliography: A Bibliography of the History of Science formed from ISIS Critical Bibliographies 1–90, 1913–1965. London: Mansell Information Publishing Ltd. 6711. Wyatt, J.C. and Liu, J.L.Y. 2002. Basic concepts in medical informatics. J Epidemiol Community Health. 56:808–812. 6712. Young, T. 1813. An Introduction to Medical Literature, Including a System of Practical Nosology. Intended as a Guide to Students, and an Assistant to Practitioners. London: B.R. Howlett. 6713. Zhao, J., et al. 2020. The value of the surgical informatician. J Surg Res. 252:264–271.

Military and War Medicine 6714. Austin, R.B. 1943. Bibliography of war medicine. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 31(4):390–393. 6715. Bennahum, D.A. 2006. Historical reflections on the ethics of military medicine. Cambridge Q Healthc Ethics. 15(4):345– 355. 6716. Browne, S. 2018. Medicine and Conflict: The Spanish Civil War and its Traumatic Legacy. London: Routledge. 6717. Callahan, C.W., et al. 1999. History of military pediatrics: Fifty years of training and deploying uniformed pediatricians. Pediatrics. 103(6):1298–1303. 6718. Cooter, R. 1990. Medicine and the goodness of war. CBMH/ BCHM. 7:147–159. 6719. DeBakey, M.E. 1996. History, the torch that illuminates: Lessons from military medicine. Mil Med. 161(12):711–716. 6720. Edelson, E. 1971. Healers in Uniform. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. 6721. Fulton, J.F. 1953. Medicine, warfare, and history. JAMA. 153(5):482–488. 6722. Gabriel, R.A. 2012. Man and Wound in the Ancient World: A History of Military Medicine from Sumer to the Fall of Constantinople. Washington, D.C. Potomac Books, Inc.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6723. Gabriel, R.A. 2013. Between Flesh and Steel: A History of Military Medicine from the Middle Ages to the War in Afghanistan. Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books, Inc. 6724. Gabriel, R.A. and Metz, K.S. 1992. A History of Military Medicine. Volume 1: From Ancient Times to the Middles Ages. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. 6725. Gabriel, R.A. and Metz, K.S. 1992. A History of Military Medicine. Volume 2: From the Renaissance through Modern Times. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. 6726. Garrison, F.H. 1922. Notes on the History of Military Medicine. Washington, D.C.: Association of Military Surgeons. 6727. Grissinger, J.W. 1927. The development of military medicine. Bull NY Acad Med. 3(5):301–355. 6728. Haller, J.S., Jr. 1992. Battlefield Medicine: A History of the Military Ambulance from the Napoleonic Wars Through World War I. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press. 6729. Harrison, M. 1996. The medicalization of war—the militarization of medicine. Soc Hist Med. 9(2):267–276. 6730. John Crerar Library. 1917. A Selected List of Books on Military Medicine and Surgery. Chicago. 6731. McCallum, J.E. 2008. Military Medicine: From Ancient times to the 21st Century. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. 6732. McClean, D. 2019. Medical care in armed conflict: Perpetrator discourse in historical perspective. International Review of the Red Cross. 101(911):771–803. 6733. Myers, G.W. 1918. War Bibliography. Boston: Massachusetts General Hospital, Treadwell Library. 6734. Naythons, M. 1993. The Face of Mercy: A Photographic History of Medicine at War. New York: Random House. 6735. Rivera, J.C. 1967. History of training in submarine medicine. Mil Med. 132(3):176–185. 6736. Roos, C. 1957. A Bibliography of Military Medicine Relating to the Korean Conflict, 1950–1956. Washington, D.C.: Armed Forces Medical Library, Reference Division. 6737. Roos, C. 1955. A Bibliography of Military Medicine, United States and Foreign, 1950–1955. Washington, D.C.: Armed Forces Medical Library, Reference Division.

Nanomedicine

6738. Van Way, III C. 2016. War and trauma: A history of military medicine. Mo Med. 113(4):260–263. 6739. Van Way, III C. 2016. War and trauma: A history of military medicine. Part II. Mo Med. 113(5):336–340. 6740. Withington, E.T. 1893. Medical history from the earliest times: XLI. Medieval military medicine. The Hospital. 13(332):293.

Nanomedicine

6741. Allhoff, F. 2009. The coming era of nanomedicine. Am J Bioeth. 9(10):3–11. 6742. Bosetti, R. and Vereeck, L. 2011. Future of Nanomedicine: Obstacles and remedies. Nanomedicine. 6(4):747–55. 6743. Darshan, S. and Tyshenko, M.G. 2010. Identifying recent trends in nanomedicine development. International Journal of Nanotechnology. 7(2–3):173–186. 6744. Datta, R. and Jaitawat, S.S. 2006. Nanotechnology: The new frontier of medicine. Medical Journal Armed Forces India. 62(3):263–268. 6745. Erdmann, M. 2009. Implications of nanomedicine: The spiritualization of science, technology, and education in a oneworld society. European Journal of Nanomedicine. 2(1):31. 6746. Ferrari M., et al. 2009. Nanomedicine and society. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 85(5):466–467. 6747. Freitas, R.A., Jr. 2005. What is nanomedicine? Nanomedicine. 1(1):2–9. 6748. Freitas, R.A., Jr. 2006. What is nanomedicine? Dis Mon. 51(6):325–341. 6749. Freitas, R.A., Jr. 2010. The future of nanomedicine. Futurist. 44(1):21–22. 6750. Grenha, A. 2011. The era of nanomedicine. J Pharm Bioall Sci. 3(2):181. 6751. Haberzettl, C.A. 2002. Nanomedicine: Destination or journey? Nanotechnology. 13(4). 6752. Hunziker, P. 2010. Nanomedicine: Shaping the future of medicine in a context of academia, industry and politics. European Journal of Nanomedicine. 3(1):6.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6753. Jain, K., et al 2014. Potentials and emerging trends in nanopharmacology. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 15:97–10. 6754. Juliano, R.L. 2012. The future of Nanomedicine promises and limitations. Science & Public Policy. 39:99–104. 6755. Kapoor, D.N., et al. 2013. Advanced nanomedicine: Present contributions and future expectations. American Journal of Phytomedicine & Clinical Therapeutics. 1(2):124–139. 6756. Khan, A.U. 2012. Medicine at nanoscale: A new horizon. Int J Nanomed. 7:2997–2998 6757. Kostarelos, K. 2006. The emergence of Nanomedicine: A field in the making. Nanomedicine. 1(1):1–3. 6758. Logothetidis, S. 2006. Nanotechnology in medicine: The medicine of tomorrow and nanomedicine. Hippokratia. 10:7– 21. 6759. Luxenhofer, R., et al. 2014. Quo vadis nanomedicine? Nanomedicine. 9(14):2071–2074. 6760. Meetoo, D. 2009. Nanotechnology: The revolution of the big future with tiny medicine. Br J Nurs. 18(19):1201–1206. 6761. Moghimi, S.M., et al. 2005. Nanomedicine: Current status and prospects. FASEB J. 19(3):311–30. 6762. Park, H.H., et al. 2007. Rise of the nanomachine: The evolution of a revolution in medicine. Nanomedicine. 2(4):415–423. 6763. Pautler, M. and Brenner, S. 2010. Nanomedicine: Promises and challenges for the future of public health. Int J Nanomed. 5:803–809. 6764. Peters, R. 2006. Nanoscopic medicine: The next frontier. Small. 2(4):452–456. 6765. Riehemann, K., et al. 2009. Nanomedicine: Challenge and perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 48(5):872–897. 6766. Roco, M. 2003. Nanotechnology: Convergence with modern biology and medicine. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 14(3):337–346. 6767. Sahoo, S.K., et al. 2007. The present and future of nanotechnology in human health. Nanomedicine. 3(1):20–31. 6768. Sandhiya, S., et al. 2009. Emerging trends of Nanomedicine: An overview. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 23(3):263–269. 6769. Shelley, T. 2006. Nanotechnology: New Promises, New Dangers. New York: Zed Books, Ltd.

Nephrology and Renal Medicine

6770. Solano-Umana, V., et al. 2015. The new field of nanomedicine. International Journal of Applied Science & Technology. 5(1):79–88. 6771. Stirling, D.A. 2018. The Nanotechnology Revolution: A Global Bibliographic Perspective. Singapore: Jenny Stanford Publishing, Ltd. 6772. Tong, R. and Kohane, D.S. 2014. Shedding light on nanomedicine. Wiley Interdiscip Rev: Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 4(6):638– 662. 6773. Ventola, C.L. 2012. The nanomedicine revolution. Part 1. Emerging concepts. P&T. 37(9):512–525. 6774. Ventola, C.L. 2012. The nanomedicine revolution. Part 2. Current and future clinical applications. P&T. 37(10):582– 591. 6775. Ventola, C.L. 2012. The nanomedicine revolution. Part 3. Regulatory and safety challenges. P&T. 37(11):631–639 6776. Wagner, V., et al. 2006. The emerging nanomedicine landscape. Nature Biotechnology. 24(10):1211–1217. 6777. Webster, T.J. 2006. Nanomedicine: What’s in a definition? International Journal of Nanomedicine. 1(2):115–116. 6778. Wei A., et al. 2012. Challenges and opportunities in the advancement of nanomedicine. J Control Release. 164(2):236– 246.

Nephrology and Renal Medicine

6779. Blagg, C.R. 2007. The early history of dialysis for chronic renal failure in the United States: A view from Seattle. Am J Kidney Dis. 49(3):482–496. 6780. Cameron, J.S. 2002. History of the Treatment of Renal Failure by Dialysis. Oxford University Press. 6781. Cameron, J.S., et al. (Eds.). 2013. Landmark Papers in Nephrology. Oxford University Press. 6782. Chevalier, R.L. 2017. Evolutionary nephrology. KI Rep. 2(3). 6783. Chugh, K.S. 1994. Three decades of nephrology. J Postgrad Med. 40(3):103–108.

483

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6784. D’Agati, V.D. and Mengel, M. 2013. The rise of renal pathology in nephrology: Structure illuminates’ function. Am J Kid Dis. 61(6):1016–1025. 6785. De santo, N.G., et al. 2018. History and historiography of nephrology. G Ital Nefrol. 35(S70). 6786. Eknoyan, G. 1989. The origins of nephrology. Galen the founding father of experimental physiology. Am J Nephrol. 9:66–82. 6787. Eknoyan, G. 2016. Why the history of nephrology? G Ital Nefrol. 33(1). 6788. Eknoyan, G. 2017. Nephrology: As it was then, but is not now. Am J Kidney Dis. 69(1):129–135. 6789. Epstein, M. 2009. John P. Merrill: The father of nephrology as a specialty. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 4(1):2–8. 6790. Fine, L.G. 2013. A 2000-year history of nephrology: 10 enduring scientific landmarks. J Nephrol. 26(S2):S6–S17. 6791. Friedman, A., et al. 2012. A history of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association. Pediatr Nephrol. 27(5):1. 6792. Garg, A.X., et al. 2006. Lost in publication: Half of all renal practice evidence is published in non-renal journals. Kidney Int. 70(11):1995–2005. 6793. Gottschalk, C.W. and Fellner, S.K. 1997. History of the science of dialysis. Am J Nephrol. 17(3–4):289–298. 6794. Greydanus, D.E. and Kadochi, M. 2016. Reflections on the medical history of the kidney: From Alcmaeon of Croton to Richard Bright, standing on the shoulders of giants. J Integr Nephrol Androl. 3(4):101–108. 6795. Greydanus, D.E., et al. 2015. A short historic view of nephrology up to the 20th century. Clinics in Mother & Child Health. 12:4. 6796. Konner, K. 2005. History of vascular access for haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 20(12):2629–2635. 6797. Maddux, D.W. 2018. A history of leadership in dialysis: Perspectives from seasoned leaders. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 25(6):474–479. 6798. Magoon, S., et al. 2011. Nephrology crossword: History of nephrology. Kidney Int. 80:557–558.

Nephrology and Renal Medicine

6799. Martín-Gómez, M.A., et al. 2019. The role of women throughout the history of nephrology. Nefrologia. 39(1):15–17. 6800. Misskey, J. and Hsiang, Y. 2015. The first arteriovenous fistula: A history of hemodialysis access and a forgotten pioneer. J Vasc Surg. 61(6):81S. 6801. Montinaro, V., et al. 2019 citation classics: Ranking the top 100 most cited articles in nephrology. Clin Kidney J. 12(1):6– 18. 6802. Musitelli, S. and Bertozzi, M.A. 2017. A Brief historical survey of nephrology (from the most ancient civilizations to Hippocrates (460–390 B.C.) and from Hippocrates to Bowman (1816–1892). Journal of Nephrology & Kidney Disease. 1(2):1009. 6803. Peitzman, S.J. 1997. Origins and early reception of clinical dialysis. Am J Nephrol. 17:299–303. 6804. Piccoli, G.B., et al. 2018. The pioneers of nephrology: Professor Gabriel Richet “I will maintain.” BMC Nephrol. 19:60. 6805. Richet, G. 1989. A brief history of the International Society of Nephrology. Kidney Int. 36:938–940. 6806. Richet, G. 1991. From Bright’s disease to modern nephrology: Pierre Rayer’s innovative method of clinical investigation. Kidney Int. 39(4):787–792. 6807. Rouse, H. 1985. Annotated bibliography: Renal pathology. Pediatr Pathol. 3(1):125–127. 6808. Rouse, H. 1985. Annotated bibliography: Renal pathology. Pediatr Pathol. 4(1–2):193–194. 6809. Sachdeva, B. and Abreo, K. 2009. The history of interventional nephrology. Adv Chron Kid Dis. 16(5):302–308. 6810. Shinaberger, J.H. 2008. Quantitation of dialysis: Historical perspective. Semin Dial. 14(4):238–245. 6811. Spitzer, A. 2003. Twenty-one years of developmental nephrology: The kidney then and now. Pediatr Nephrol. 18:165–173. 6812. Twardowski, Z.J. 2006. History of peritoneal access development. Int J Artif Organs. 29(1):2–40. 6813. Weening, J.J. and Jennette, J.C. 2012. Historical milestones in renal pathology. Virchows Arch. 461(1):3–11.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6814. Zoccali, C. and Lameire, N. 2011. A milestone paper in clinical dialysis: A half century celebration. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 26(10):3071–3074.

Neuro Medicine and Neurology 6815. Adams, H.P., et al. 2004. Vascular neurology: A new neurologic subspecialty. Neurology. 63(5):774–776. 6816. Adelman, G., et al. 1975. The Neurosciences: Paths to Discovery. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 6817. Ashwal, S. (Ed.) 1990. The Founders of Child Neurology. San Francisco: Norman Publishing. 6818. Benson, D.F. 1993. The history of behavioral neurology. Neurol Clin. 11(1):1–8. 6819. Brain, R. 1958. Neurology: Past, present, and future. BMJ. 1(5067):355–360. 6820. Brazier, M.A.B.B. 1983. A History of Neurophysiology in the 17th and 18th Centuries: From Concept to Experiment. New York: Raven Press. 6821. Brazier, M.A.B.B. 1988. A History of Neurophysiology in the 19th Century. New York: Raven Press. 6822. Bruyn, G.W. and Poser, C.M. 2003. The History of Tropical Neurology: Nutritional Disorders. Canton, MA: Science History Publications. 6823. Burr, H.S. (Ed.). 1963. Classics in Neurology. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 6824. Casper, S.T. 2014. History and neuroscience: An integrative legacy. Isis. 105:123–132. 6825. Chatterjee, A. and Coslett, H.B. (Eds.). 2013. The Roots of Cognitive Neuroscience: Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychology. Oxford University Press. 6826. Clarke, E.S. and Jacyna, L.S. 1987. Nineteenth Century Origins of Neuroscientific Concepts. Berkeley: University of California Press. 6827. Edgell, R.C., et al. 2012. Interventional neurology: A reborn subspecialty. J Neuroimaging. 22(4):319–323.

Neuro Medicine and Neurology

6828. Edinger, J.G.O. 1975. Paleoneurology 1804–1966: An Annotated Bibliography. Berlin and Heidelberg. 6829. Hanger, M. and Borck, C. 2001. Mindful practices: On the neurosciences in the 20th century. Science in Context. 14(4):507–510. 6830. Falk, D. 2012. Hominin paleoneurology: Where are we now? Prog Brain Res. 195:255–272. 6831. Finger, S. 2002. Women and the history of the neurosciences. J Hist Neurosci. 11(1):80–86. 6832. Fuller, S. 2014. Neuroscience, neurohistory, and the history of science: A tale of two brains. Isis. 105(1):100–109. 6833. Girisch, W., et al. 2012. Role of Cochrane reviews in pediatric neurology. Pediatr Neurol. 46(2):63–69. 6834. Goetz, C.G., et al. 2003. Part I. The history of 19th century neurology and the American Neurological Association. Ann Neurol. 53(S4):S1–24. 6835. Guberman, A. 1994. An Introduction to Clinical Neurology: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment. Boston: Little Brown and Co. 6836. Haymaker, W.E. and Schiller, F. 1970. The Founders of Neurology. 146 Biographical Sketches by 89 Authors. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 6837. Jan, M.M. 2004. Perception of pediatric neurology among non-neurologists. J Child Neurol. 19(1):1–5. 6838. Kori, S.H. 1993. Interventional neurology: A subspecialty whose time has come. Neurology. 43(11):2395–2399. 6839. Kragh, H. 2002. Problems and challenges in the historical study of the neurosciences. J Hist Neurosci. 11(10):55–62. 6840. Kumar, D.R., et al. 2011. Jean-Martin Charcot: The father of neurology. Clin Med Res. 9(1):46–49. 6841. Kushner, H.I. 2015. Norman Geschwind and the use of history in the (re) birth of behavioral neurology. J Hist Neurosci. 24(2):173–192. 6842. LaRovere, K.L. and Riviello, J.J. 2008. Emerging subspecialties in neurology: Building a career and a field: Pediatric neurocritical care. Neurology. 70(22):e89–e91. 6843. Lesny, I. 1995. History of paediatric neurology: A brief review. J Hist Neurosci. 4(1):25–26.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6844. Macnalty, A. 1965. Some pioneers of the past in neurology. Med Hist. 9:249–259. 6845. Maski, K.P., et al. 2010. Child neurology: Past, present, and future. Part 2: Present training structure. Neurology. 74(6):e17–e19. 6846. McGrath, L.S. 2017. Historiography, affect, and the neurosciences. Hist Psychol. 20(2):129–147. 6847. Millichap, J.J. and Millichap, J.G. 2009. Child neurology: Past, present, and future. Part 1: History. Neurology. 73(7):e31– e33. 6848. Nicholl, D.J. and Appleton, J.P. 2015. Clinical neurology: Why this still matters in the 21st century. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 86(2):229–233. 6849. Odenheimer, G.L. 1998. Geriatric neurology. Neurol Clin. 16(3):561–567. 6850. Park, K.M., et al. 2017. Searching the footprints of pioneers on neurology: A bibliometric analysis. Eur Neurol. 77:152–161. 6851. Reynolds, E. 2015. The historical evolution and future of neurology and psychiatry. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 86(12):1386–1388. 6852. Ridel, K.R., and Gilbert, D.L. 2010. Child neurology: Past, present, and future. Part 3: the future. Neurology. 75:e62– e64. 6853. Riese, W. 1959. A History of Neurology. New York: M.D. Publications. 6854. Söderqvist, T. 2002. Neurobiographies: Writing lives in the history of neurology and the neurosciences. J Hist Neurosci. 11(1):38–48. 6855. Spillane, J.D. 1969. Tropical neurology. Proc R Soc Med. 62:403–410. 6856. Stiles, A., et al. (Eds.) 2013. Literature, Neurology, and Neuroscience: Historical and Literary Connections (Progress in Brain Research, Volume 205). Amsterdam: Elsevier. 6857. Walusinski, O. 2017. Jean-Andre Rochoux (1787–1852), a physician philosopher at the dawn of vascular neurology. Rev Neurol (Paris). 173(9):532–541. 6858. Wheeler, N.C., et al. 2018. Ethical issues in vascular neurology. Semin Neurol. 38(5):515–521.

Nuclear Medicine

6859. York, G.K. 2002. Getting started: Objectives and justifications in the history of neurology. J Hist Neurosci. 11(1):63–66. 6860. York, G.K. 2002. Motor testing in neurology: An historical overview. Semin Neurol. 22(4):367–374.

Nuclear Medicine

6861. Ahmed, A. and Kamal, S. 1996. Evolution of nuclear medicine: A historical perspective. Nucleus. 33(4):85–89. 6862. Brucer, M. 1978. Nuclear medicine begins with a boa constrictor. J Nuclear Med. 19:581–598. 6863. Brucer, M. 1990. A Chronology of Nuclear Medicine. St. Louis: Robert Butaine. 6864. Carlsson, S. 1995. A glance at the history of nuclear medicine. Acta Oncol. 34(8):1095–1102. 6865. Conway, J.J. 1976. A Bibliography of Pediatric Nuclear Medicine Literature. Des Plaines, IL: Searle Radiographics. 6866. Ell, P.J. 1992. Nuclear medicine. Postgrad Med J. 68:82–105. 6867. Graham, L.S., et al. 1989. Nuclear medicine: From Becquerel to the present. Radiographics. 9(6):1189–1202. 6868. Graham, M.M. and Metter, D.F. 2007. Evolution of nuclear medicine training: Past, present and future. J Nucl Med. 48(2):257–268. 6869. Kaplan, E. 1979. Selected historical aspects of nuclear medicine. Semin Nucl Med. 9:147–219. 6870. Klobukowski, C.J. and Frey, G.D. 1975. Current topics in clinical nuclear medicine: A selected bibliography. J Nucl Med Technol. 3(4):217–219. 6871. Loken, M.K. and Williams, L.E. 1979. A history of computers in nuclear medicine. Semin Nucl Med. 9(3):197–200. 6872. McCready, V.R. 2000. Milestones in nuclear medicine. Eur J Nucl Med. 27(S1):s49–s79. 6873. Miale, A., Jr. 1995. Nuclear medicine. Reflections in time. J Fla Med Assoc. 82(11):749–750. 6874. Newman, S.P., et al. 2001. A brief history of gamma scintigraphy (Editorial). J Aerosol Med. 14(2):139–145.

489

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6875. Palestro, C.J., et al. 2009. The evolution of nuclear medicine and the musculoskeletal system. Radiol Clin North Am. 47(3):505–532. 6876. Rootwelt, K. 1996. Henri Beckquerel’s discovery of radioactivity, and history of nuclear medicine. 100 years in the shadow or on the shoulder of Röntgen. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 116(30):3625–3629. 6877. Wagner, H.N. 2006. A Personal History of Nuclear Medicine. Springer-Verlag London Limited. 6878. Wheat, J.M., et al. 2011. An introduction to nuclear medicine. Radiography. 58(3):38–45.

Nursing General History 6879. Abel-Smith, B. 1960. A History of the Nursing Profession. London: Heinemann. 6880. Abu-Saad, H. 1979. Nursing: A World View. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby. 6881. Andrist, L.C., et al. 2006. A History of Nursing Ideas. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 6882. Austin, N.L. 1957. History of Nursing Source Book. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons. 6883. Baer, E.D. 1985. Nursing’s divided house: A historical view. Nurs Res. 34:32–38. 6884. Baer, E.D. 2009. “Do trained nurses . . . Work for love, or do they work for money?” Nursing and altruism in the twentyfirst century. Nurs Hist Rev. 17(1):28–46. 6885. Baer, E.D. 2012. Key ideas in nursing’s first century. Am J Nurs. 112(5):48–55. 6886. Barton, T.D. 2012. The development of advanced nursing roles. Nursing Times. 108:18–20. 6887. Bett, W.R. 1960. A Short History of Nursing. London: Faber and Faber Ltd. 6888. Birnbaum, E. 1996. Nursing: A selected bibliography of reference resources. Collection Building. 15(2):12–16.

Nursing

6889. Borsay, A. 2009. Nursing history: An irrelevance for nursing practice? Nurs Hist Rev. 17(1):14–27. 6890. Bullough, V.L. and Bullough, B. 1978. The Care of the Sick: The Emergence of Modern Nursing. New York: Prodist. 6891. Bunting, S. and Campbell, J.C. 1990. Feminism and nursing: Historical perspectives. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 12(4):11–24. 6892. Church, O.M. 1987. Historiography in nursing research. West J Nurs Res. 9(2):275–279. 6893. Connolly, C. 2004. Beyond social history: New approaches to understanding the state of and the state in nursing history. Nurs Hist Rev. 12:5–24. 6894. Craig, P. 2009. A selected bibliography for nursing faculty and students. ABNF J. 20(3):81–84. 6895. Cushing, A. 1994. An historical note on the relationship between nursing and nursing history. International History of Nursing Journal. 1(1):57–60. 6896. D’Antonio, P., et al. 2010. Histories of nursing: The power and the possibilities. Nurs Outlook. 58(4):207–213. 6897. D’Antonio, P., et al. (Eds.). 2013. Routledge Handbook on the Global History of Nursing. Oxford: Routledge. 6898. Deloughery, G.L. 1977. History and Trends of Professional Nursing. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Co. 6899. Dock, L.L. and Nutting, M.A. 1912. A History of Nursing (2 Volumes). New York: G.P. Putnam. 6900. Dock, L.L. and Stewart, I.M. 1920. A Short History of Nursing, From the Earliest Times to the Present Day. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons. 6901. Dodge, B.S. 1954. The Story of Nursing. Boston: Little, Brown and Co. 6902. Dolan, J.A. 1968. History of Nursing. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co. 6903. Evans, J. 2004. Men nurses: A historical and feminist perspective. J Adv Nurs. 47(3):321–328. 6904. Fairman, J. 1987. Sources and references for research in nursing history. Nurs Res. 36:56–59. 6905. Fairman, J. 1998. Historiographic essay: Alternative visions: The nurse-technology relationship in the context of the history of technology. Nurs Hist Rev. 6(1):129–146.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6906. Goodnow, M. 1916. Outlines of Nursing History. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 6907. Goodnow, M. 1953. Nursing History. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 6908. Griffin, G.J. and Griffin, H.J.K. 1965. Jensen’s History and Trends of Professional Nursing. St. Louis: Mosby. 6909. Jacobi, A. 1883. The historical development of modern nursing. Popular Science Monthly. October:2–15. 6910. James, J.W. 1984. Writing and rewriting nursing history: An essay review. Bull Hist Med. 58(4):568–584. 6911. Jamieson, E.M., et al. 1966. Trends in Nursing History: Their Social, International, and Ethical Relationships. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 6912. Jones, A. ( Ed.) 1988. Images of Nurses: Perspectives from History, Art, and Literature. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 6913. Kaufman, M. 1988. Dictionary of American Nursing Biography. New York: Greenwood Press. 6914. Lagemann, E.C. (Ed.) 1983. Nursing History: New Perspectives, New Possibilities. New York: Teachers College Press. 6915. Lewinson, S.B. and Herrmann, E.K. 2007. Capturing Nursing History: A Guide to Historical Methods in Research. Springer Publishing Co. 6916. MacKinnon, M. 1997. Historiography: What a difference a nurse makes: Then and now. West J Nurs Res. 19(6):795–800. 6917. Malchau, S. 2005. A historiographic view of nursing history. Ugeskr Laeger. 167(50):4731–4733. 6918. McGann, S. and Mortimer, B. (Eds.). 2005. New Directions in Nursing History: International Perspectives (Routledge Studies in the Social History of Medicine). London: Routledge. 6919. Morten, H. 1900. The Nurses Dictionary. London: The Scientific Press. 6920. Nagatoya, Y. 1969. Bibliography of European and American literature on nursing history. Kango Kyoiku. 10(4):68–71. [Japanese] 6921. Nelson, S. 2002. The fork in the road: Nursing history versus the history of nursing? Nurs Hist Rev. 10:175–188.

Nursing

6922. Nelson, S. and Gordon, S. 2004. The rhetoric of rupture: Nursing as a practice with a history? Nurs Outlook. 52(5):255– 261. 6923. Nutting, M.A. and Dock, L.L. 1907. A History of Nursing. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons. 6924. Ogren, K.E. 1994. The risk of not understanding nursing history. Holist Nurs Pract. 8(2):8–14. 6925. Patricia, D. 2011. Histories of nursing: The power and the possibilities. Nurs Outlook. 58(4):207–213. 6926. Pearson, A., et al. 2001. Contemporary nurses’ uniforms: History and traditions. J Nurs Manag. 9(3):147–152. 6927. Pennock, M.R. (Ed.). 1940. Makers of Nursing History: Portraits and Pen Sketches of One Hundred and Nine Prominent Women. New York: Lakeside Publishing Co. 6928. Price, S.L. and McGillis Hall, L. 2014. The history of nurse imagery and the implications for recruitment: A discussion paper. J Adv Nurs. 70(7):1502–1509. 6929. Rafferty, A.M. 1995. Art, science and social science in nursing: Occupational origins and disciplinary identity. Nurs Inq. 2(3):141–148. 6930. Robinson, V. 1946. White Caps. The Story of Nursing. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co. 6931. Sarnecky, M.T. 1990. Historiography: A legitimate research methodology for nursing. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 12(4):1–10. 6932. Selew, G. and Nuesse, C.J. 1946. A History of Nursing. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Co. 6933. Seymer, L.R. 1957. A General History of Nursing. London: Faber and Faber Ltd. 6934. Shryock, R. 1959. The History of Nursing: An Interpretation of the Social and Medical Factors Involved. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 6935. Theofanidis, D., et al. 2015. Nursing and caring: An historical overview from ancient Greek tradition to modern times. Int J Caring Sci. 8(3):791–800. 6936. Thompson, A.M.C. (Ed.). 1968. A Bibliography of Nursing Literature 1859–1960. London: The Library Association. 6937. Walsh, J.J. 1929. The History of Nursing. New York: P.J. Kennedy and Son Publishers.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Acute, Critical Care, and Intensive Care Nursing 6938. Fairman, J. and Lynaugh, J.E. 1998. Critical Care Nursing: A History. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 6939. Gordon, I.J. and Jones, E.S. 1998. The evolution and nursing history of a general intensive care unit (1962–1983). Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 14(5):252–257. 6940. Harris, D. and Chaboyer, W. 2002. The expanded role of the critical care nurse: A review of the current position. Aust Crit Care. 15(4):133–137. 6941. Hoffman, L.A. and Guttendorf, J. 2017. Preparation and evolving role of the acute care nurse practitioner. Chest. 152(6):1339–1345. 6942. Howie-Esquivel, J. and Fontaine, D.K. 2006. The evolving role of the acute care nurse practitioner in critical care. Curr Opin Crit Care. 12(6):609–613. 6943. Weil, M.H. and Tang, W. 2011. From intensive care to critical care medicine. Am J Repsir Crit Care Med. 183:1451–1453. 6944. Zalumas, J. 1995. Caring in Crises: An Oral History of Critical Care Nursing. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Addiction Nursing

6945. Clancy, C., et al. 2007. Role development and career stages in addiction nursing: An exploratory study. J Adv Nurs. 57(2):161–171. 6946. Egenes, K. 1995. Addiction treatment: A historical nursing perspective. J Addict Nurs. 7(1):2–7. 6947. Murphy, S.A. 1988. Addiction nursing: An agenda for the 1990s. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 9(2):115–126.

Adolescent, Child and Pediatric Nursing

6948. Bradley, S.F. 2003. Pride or prejudice: Issues in the history of children’s nurse education. Nurse Educ Today. 23(5):362– 367.

Nursing

6949. Davies, R. 2008. Children’s nursing and future directions: Learning from ‘memorable events. Nurse Educ Today. 28(7):814–821. 6950. Glasper, E.A. and Charles-Edwards, I. 2002. The child first and always: The registered children’s nurse over 150 years. Part one. Paediatr Nurs. 14(4):38–42. 6951. Jolley, M.J. 2003. A social history of paediatric nursing 1920– 1970. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Hull. 6952. Murphy, M.A. 1990. A brief history of pediatric nurse practitioners and NAPNAP 1964–1990. J Pediatr Health Care. 4(6):332–337. 6953. Schachtel, B.P. 1978. The pediatric nurse practitioner: Origins and challenges. Med Care. 16(12):1019–1026. 6954. Taylor, M.K. 2006. Mapping the literature of pediatric nursing. J Med Libr Assoc. 94(S2):E128–E136.

Aesthetic, Cosmetic, and Plastic Surgery Nursing 6955. Asbery, J. 2017. The development of plastic & reconstructive surgery nursing. Part I. The Dissector. 45(2):12–14. 6956. Asbery, J. 2018. The development of plastic & reconstructive surgery nursing. Part II. The Dissector. 46(1):32–34. 6957. Campion, C. 2012. The history of aesthetic nursing: Part 1 (1915–1987). Journal of Aesthetic Nursing . 1(1):52–55. 6958. Campion, C. 2012. The history of aesthetic nursing. Part 2 (1987–2005). Journal of Aesthetic Nursing. 1(2):104–106. 6959. Forster, E.M. 2013. Plastic surgery nursing: A profession and a passion. Plast Surg Nurs. 33(1):4. 6960. Kongsuwan, W. 2020. Development of the emergent theory of aesthetic nursing practice. Health. 12(7):764–780.

Ambulatory Care Nursing

6961. Swan, B.A., et al. 2006. Demonstrating the value of the RN in ambulatory care. Nurs Econ. 24(6):315–322. 6962. Verran, J.A. 1981. Delineation of ambulatory care nursing practice. J Ambul Care Manage. 4(2):1–13.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Anesthesia Nursing 6963. Bankert, M. 1989. Watchful Care: A History of America’s Nurse Anesthetists. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group. 6964. Becker, K.T. 1998. A brief history of nurse anesthesia practice. Semin Perioper Nurs. 7(1):80–85. 6965. Ray, W.T. and Desai, S.P. 2016. The history of the nurse anesthesia profession. J Clin Anesth. 30:51–58. 6966. Tenedios, C., et al. 2018. An historical examination of nurse anaesthesia practice in the United States and other Group of 7 countries. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 35:1–7. 6967. Vigil-Fowler, M., et al. 2019. Who controls the power over pain? A comparative history of nurse anesthesia. Can Bull Med Hist. 32(2):308–345.

Burn Care Nursing 6968. Bayou, J. 2017. Nurses’ experience of caring for severely burned patients. Collegian. 25(1):27–32. 6969. Greenfield, E. 2010. The pivotal role of nursing personnel in burn care. Indian J Plast Surg. 43(S):s94–s100. 6970. Marvin, J.A. 1993. Burn nursing history: The history of burn care. J Burn Care Rehabil. 14(2 Pt 2):252–256.

Cardiac Nursing

6971. Blažun Vošner, H., et al. 2019. Identifying historical roots of knowledge development in cardiovascular nursing using bibliometrics. Int J Nurs Pract. 25(3):e12726. 6972. Davidson, P.M. 2016. Cardiovascular nursing: The future is bright. Heart Lung Circ. 25(8):757–758. 6973. Linden, B. 2018. Evolution of the cardiac nurse through 70 years of the NHS. Br J Cardiac Nurs. 13(7):318–319. 6974. Thompson, D.R. 2016. Cardiovascular nursing: From Florence to Melbourne. Heart Lung Circ. 25(8):881–884.

Nursing

Clinical Nursing 6975. Fairman, J. and D’Antonio, P. 2008. Reimagining nursing’s place in the history of clinical practice. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 63(4):435–446. 6976. Georgopoulos, B.S. and Christman, L. 1970. The clinical nurse specialist: A role model. Am J Nurs. 70(5):1030–1039. 6977. McClelland, M., et al. 2013. Clinical nurse specialists: Then, now, and the future of the profession. Clin Nurse Spec. 27(2):96–102.

Community, Family, Public Health and School Nursing 6978. Bergren, M.D. 2017. School nursing and population health: Past, present and future. OJIN. 22(3):3. 6979. Brainard, A.M. 1922. The Evolution of Public Health Nursing. Philadelphia: W.B Saunders. 6980. Fee, E. and Bu, L. 2010. The origins of public health nursing: The Henry Street visiting nurse service. Am J Public Health. 100(7):1206–1207. 6981. Hansen, A.C. and Levy, J.M. 1961. What is a public health nurse? Nurs Res. 10(2):100–103. 6982. Houlahan, B. 2017. Origins of school nursing. J Sch Nurs. 34(3):203–210. 6983. Kershaw, J.D. 1955. The public health nurse of the future. J R Soc Health. 75(12):825–833. 6984. King, M.G. and Erickson, G.P. 2006. Development of public health nursing competencies: An oral history. Public Health Nurs. 23(2):196–201. 6985. Locklear-Haynes, T. and Yorker, B. 1989. Public health in the workplace: Part I. Historical perspective and the role of the nurse. AAOHN J. 37(11):475–478. 6986. Philibin, C.A., et al. 2010. The role of the public health nurse in a changing society. J Adv Nurs. 66(4):743–752. 6987. Unknown Author. 1974. Bibliography of literature on public health nursing. Kango Kenkyu. 7(2):207–236. [Japanese] 6988. van Campen, C. 1989. Bibliography: Community Nursing. Utrecht: Netherlands Institute of Primary Health Care.

497

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

6989. Whall, A.L. 1986. The family as the unit of care in nursing. A historical review. Public Health Nurs. 3(4):240–249. 6990. Zerwekh, J.V. 1992. Public health nursing legacy. Historical practical wisdom. Nurs Health Care. 13(2):84–91.

Correctional and Prison Nursing

6991. Choudry, K., et al. 2016. Prison nursing: Formation of a stable professional identity. J Forensic Nurs. 13(1):20–25. 6992. Droes, N.S. 1994. Correctional nursing practice. J Community Health Nurs. 11(4):201–210. 6993. Goddard, D., et al. 2019. Prison nurses’ professional identity. J Forensic Nurs. 15(3):163–171. 6994. Kilgore, B. 2009. Challenges in correctional nursing from role ambiguity. M.A. Thesis, University of Colorado, Sociology Program. 6995. Solell, P. and Smith, K. 2019. ‘If we truly cared’: Understanding barriers to person-centered nursing in correctional facilities. International Practice Development Journal. 9(2):7.

Dermatology Nursing 6996. Courtenay, M. and Carey, N. 2006. Nurse-led care in dermatology: A review of the literature. Br J Dermatol. 154(1):1–6. 6997. Lawton, S. 2020. The specialist dermatology nurse: Providing expert care to patients. Br J Nurs. 29(3):136–138. 6998. Stone, L. 2014. History of dermatology nursing: Some personal reflections. Dermatol Nurs. 13(2):49–53. 6999. Tofte, S. 2003. The role of the dermatology nurse in atopic dermatitis management. Dermatol Nurs. (Suppl):10–1, 18.

Diabetes Nursing

7000. Allen, N.A. 2003. The history of diabetes nursing, 1914–1936. Diabetes Educ. 29(6):976. 7001. Dunning, P.L. 1992. The diabetes educator: Evolution of a nurse specialist. Pract Diabetes Int. 9(6):220–222.

Nursing

7002. Nikitara, M., et al. 2019. The role of nurses and the facilitators and barriers in diabetes care: A mixed methods systematic literature review. Behav Sci (Basel). 9(6):61.

Emergency and Trauma Nursing

7003. Alpi, K.M. 2006. Mapping the literature of emergency nursing. J Med Libr Assoc. 94(S2):E107–E113. 7004. Beachley, M. 2005. The evolution of trauma nursing and the Society of Trauma Nurses: A noble history. J Trauma Nurs. 12(4):105–115. 7005. Boyd, D.R. 2011. Trauma nurses: Historical notes and appreciation. J Trauma Nurs. 18(3):187–192. 7006. Gebbie, K.M. and Qureshi, K.A. 2006. A historical challenge: Nurses and emergencies. OJIN. 11(3):1. 7007. Hoyt, K.S., et al. 2018. Appraisal of the emergency nurse practitioner specialty role. JAANP. 30(10):551–559. 7008. Milbrath, G. and Snyder, A. 2021. The Emergency Nurses Association: 50 years of advocacy and advancement. J Emerg Nurs. 47(2):224–238 7009. Romano, T. 1973. Trauma nurse specialist. Am J Nurs. 73(6):1008–1011. 7010. Schriver, J.A., et al. 2003. Emergency nursing: Historical, current, and future roles. Acad Emerg Med. 10(7):798–804.

Evidence-Based Nursing

7011. Beyea, S.C. and Slattery, M.J. 2013. Historical perspectives on evidence-based nursing. Nurs Sci Q. 26(2):152–155. 7012. Mackey, A. and Bassendowski, S. 2017. The history of evidence-based practice in nursing education and practice. J Prof Nurs. 33(1):51–55. 7013. McDonald, L. 2001. Florence Nightingale and the early origins of evidence-based nursing. EBN Notebook. 4:68–69. 7014. Stevens, K.R. 2013. The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas. OJIN. 18(2):4.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Forensic Nursing 7015. Doyle, J. 2001. Forensic nursing: A review of the literature. Aust J Adv Nurs. 18(3):32–39. 7016. Ekroos, R.A. 2016. Exploring forensic nursing ethics and practice: Roles, loyalties and photo documentation practices. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Washington. 7017. Lynch, V.A. 2011. Forensic nursing science: Global strategies in health and justice. Egypt J Forensic Sci. 1(2):69–76. 7018. Ortiz, M. 2008. Standing by, Ready to serve: The case for forensic nurses in uniform. Mil Med. 173:42–46. 7019. Valentine, J.L. 2014. Why we do what we do: A theoretical evaluation of the integrated practice model for forensic nursing science. J Forensic Nurs. 10(3):113–119. 7020. Valentine, J.L., et al. 2020. Evolution of forensic nursing theory—Introduction of the constructed theory of forensic nursing care: A middle-range theory. J Forensic Nurs. 16(4):188–198.

Gastroenterology Nursing 7021. Norton, C. 2012. The future of gastroenterology nursing. Frontline Gastroenterol. 3(S1):i6–i8. 7022. Norton, C. and Kamm, M.A. 2002. Specialist nurses in gastroenterology. J R Soc Med. 95(7):331–335. 7023. Salmore, R. 1998. Our heritage: A history of gastroenterology and gastroenterology nursing. Gastroenterol Nurs. 21(2):40– 43.

Genetic Nursing

7024. Alexander, S.A. 2015. The contributions of nursing to genetics, epigenetics, genomics, and epigenomics: A word from the current president of ISONG (Editorial). Biol Res Nurs. 17(4):362–363. 7025. Anderson, G. and Monsen, R.B. 2014. Genetic nursing: Reflections on the 20th century. J Nurs Educ Pract. 4(5):171– 182. 7026. Badzek, L., et al. 2008. Genomics and nursing practice: Advancing the nursing profession. OJIN. 13(1).

Nursing

7027. Calzone, K.A., et al. 2010. Nurses transforming health care using genetics and genomics. Nurs Outlook. 58(1):26–35. 7028. Forsman, I. 1994. Evolution of the nursing role in genetics. JOGNN. 23(6):481–486. 7029. Fu, M.R., et al. 2020. Precision health: A nursing perspective. Int J Nurs Sci. 7(1):5–12. 7030. Greco, K. and Mahon, S. 2002. Genetics nursing practice enters a new era with credentialing. Internet J Adv Nurs Pract. 5(2):1–8. 7031. Tomatir, A.G., et al. 2006. Nurses’ professed knowledge of genetics and genetic counseling. Tohoku J Exp Med. 210:321– 332. 7032. Williams, J. and Lessick, M. 2001. Historical evolution of nursing in genetics. Medsurg Nurs. 10(6):301.

Geriatric and Gerontology Nursing

7033. Bahr, T. 1992. Personhood: A theory for gerontological nursing. Holist Nurs Pract. 7(1):1–6. 7034. Burggraf, V. and Barry, R. 1998. Gerontological nursing in the 21st century. J Gerontol Nurs. 24(6):29–35. 7035. Burggraf, V. and Mueller, C. 2020. Visionaries in geriatric nursing: A legacy for the future. Geriatr Nurs. 41(1):7–13. 7036. Ebersole, P. and Touhy, T.A. 2006. Geriatric Nursing: Growth of A Specialty. Springer Publishing Company. 7037. Futrell, M. and Melillo, K.D. 2005. Gerontological nurse practitioners: Implications for the future. J Gerontol Nurs. 31(4):19–24. 7038. Schell, E. 1992. The origins of geriatric nursing. The chronically ill elderly in almshouses and nursing homes, 1900–1950. Nurs Hist Rev. 1:203–216.

Holistic Nursing

7039. Boschma, G. 1994. The meaning of holism in nursing: Historical shifts in holistic nursing ideas. Public Health Nurs. 11(5):324–30. 7040. Keegan, L. 1987. Holistic nursing: An approach to patient and self-care. AORN J. 46(3):499–500, 502, 504, 506.

501

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7041. Lang, B., et al. 2013. A legacy building model for holistic nursing. J Holistic Nurs. 32(2):116–126. 7042. Levine, M.E. 1971. Holistic nursing. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 6:253–264. 7043. Martin, E.J. 1986. Holistic nursing practice: An idea whose time has come. J Prof Nurs. 2:133. 7044. Thornton, L. 2019. A brief history and overview of holistic nursing. J Integr Med. 18(4):32–33.

Home Health Nursing

7045. Friedman, Y. 2006. Mapping the literature of home health nursing. J Med Libr Assoc. 94(S2):e49–e55. 7046. Franklin Research Center. 1979. Home Health Care Programs: A Selected Bibliography (DHEW Publication No. HRA 79-60). A contract report (Contract No. HRA-232-78-0090) prepared for the U.S. Department of Health Education and Welfare, Division of Nursing. Hyattsville, MD. 7047. Grindel-Waggoner, M. 1999. Home care: A history of caring, a future of challenges. Medsurg Nurs. 8(2):118. 7048. Herb, S. 2003. The evolution of documentation in home health. Home Health Care Management & Practice. 16(1):41– 45. 7049. Keating, S.B. and Kelman, G.B. 1988. Home Health Care Nursing: Concepts and Practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott. 7050. Peter, E. 2002. The history of nursing in the home: Revealing the significance of place in the expression of moral agency. Nurs Inq. 9(2):65–72. 7051. Schoen, M.A. and Koenig, R.J. 1997. Home health care nursing: Past and present—part 1. Medsurg Nurs. 6(4):230–232.

Hospice and Palliative Nursing

7052. Brege, J.A. 1985. Terminal care: A bibliography of the medical and nursing literature. Hosp J. 1(4):55–76. 7053. Melvin, C. 2015. Historical review in understanding burnout, professional compassion fatigue, and secondary traumatic

Nursing

stress disorder from a hospice and palliative nursing perspective. J Hosp Palliat Nurs. 17(1):66–72. 054. Pickett, M.,et al. 1998. Palliative care: Past, present and future 7 perspectives. Semin Oncol Nurs. 14(2):86–94.

Licensed Practical Nurses, Licensed Vocational Nurses, Registered Nurses and Nurse Practitioners

7055. Abdellah, F.G. 1982. The nurse practitioner 17 years later: Present and emerging issues. Inquiry. 19(2):105–116. 7056. Barton, T.D., et al. 1999. The nurse practitioner: Redefining occupational boundaries? Int J Nurs Stud. 36(1):57–63. 7057. DeAngelis, C.D. 1994. Nurse practitioner redux. JAMA. 271(11):868–871. 7058. Duke, N. 2012. Exploring advanced nursing practice: Past, present and future. Br J Nurs. 21(17):1026–1030. 7059. Garner, C. and Boese, S. 2017. The case for bringing back the licensed practical nurse back to the hospital. Nursing Administration Quarterly. 41(4):e1–e4. 7060. Gordon, K., et al. 2013. Licensed practical nurses becoming registered nurses: Conflicts and responses that can help. Clin Nurs Stud. 1(4):1–8. 7061. Gray, M., et al. 2000. A brief history of advanced practice nursing and its implication for WOC advanced nursing practice. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 27(1):48–54. 7062. Kass-Wolff, J.H. and Lowe, N.K. 2009. A historical perspective of the women’s health nurse practitioner. Nurs Clin North Am. 44(3):271–280. 7063. Keeling, A.W. 2015. Historical perspectives on an expanding role for nursing. Online J Nurs. 20(2):2. 7064. Lukes, E. 2017. Licensed practical/vocational nurses: A place on the team. Workplace Health Saf. 65(4):154–157. 7065. Mauksch, I.G. 1978. The nurse practitioner movement: Where does it go from here? Am J Public Health. 68:1074–1075. 7066. McGuane, E.A. and Bullough, B. 1995. Can practical nursing survive? A look at its proud history, and its promising future. J Pract Nurs. 45(4):48–54.

503

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7067. Miri, K., et al. 2020. Trend in the role of licensed practical nurses in health care system: A situational analysis. Nurs Forum. 56:9–18. 7068. Pierson, C.A. 2015. Constructing the next 50 years of nurse practitioner history (Editorial). J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 27(5):235. 7069. Savrin, C. 2009. Growth and development of the nurse practitioner role around the globe. J Pediatr Health Care. 23:310–314. 7070. Sheer, B. and Wong, F.K.Y. 2008. The development of advanced nursing practice globally. J Nurs Scholarsh. 40(3):204–211.

Mental Health Nursing

7071. Godin, P. 1996. The development of community psychiatric nursing: A professional project? J Adv Nurs. 23(5):925–934. 7072. Hein, L.C. and Scharer, K.M. 2015. A modern history of psychiatric-mental health nursing. Arch Pediatr Nurs. 29(1):49–55. 7073. Holmes, C.A. 2006. The slow death of psychiatric nursing: What next? J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 13(4):401–415. 7074. McBride, A.B. 1990. Psychiatric nursing in the 1990s. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 4(1):21–28. 7075. McCabe, S. 2000. Bringing psychiatric nursing into the twenty-first century. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 14(3):109–116. 7076. Nolan, P.W. 1991. The founding of psychiatric nurse training and its aftermath. Br J Psychiatry. 159(1):46–52. 7077. Peplau, H.E. 1989. Future directions in psychiatric nursing from the perspective of history. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 27(2):18–28. 7078. Sabella, D. and Fay-Hillier, T. 2014. Challenges in mental health nursing: Current opinion. Nursing: Research & Reviews. 1:1–6. 7079. Santos, E.H. and Stainbrook, E. 1949. A history of psychiatric nursing in the 19th century. Part I. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 4(1):48–74. 7080. Walk, A. 1961. The history of mental nursing: The presidential address at the one hundred and twentieth annual meeting of

Nursing

the royal medico-psychological association held at Cane Hill Hospital, 13 July 1960. J Ment Sci. 107(446):1–17.

Military and War Nursing

7081. Brooks, J. and Hallett, C.E. 2015. One Hundred Years of Wartime Nursing Practices, 1854–1953. UK: Manchester University Press. 7082. Dunwoody, M. 2019. Overview and summary: Nursing in the uniformed services: Historical and research perspectives. Online J Issues Nurs. 24(3). 7083. Higgins, L.P. 1996. Army nurses in wartime: Distinction and pride. Mil Med. 161(8):472–474. 7084. McCall, S.C. 1993. Lessons Learned by Army Nurses in Combat: A Historical Review. Carlisle Barracks, PA: U.S. Army War College. 7085. Sheehy, S. 2007. U.S. military nurses in wartime: Reluctant heroes, always there. J Emerg Nurs. 33(6):555–563.

Neonatal and Perinatal Nursing

7086. Johnson, P.J. 2002. The history of the neonatal nurse practitioner: reflections from “under the looking glass”. Neonatal Netw. 21(5):51–60. 7087. Kaye, S. 2016. Historical trends in neonatal nursing. J Perinat Neonat Nurs. 30(3):273–276. 7088. Martell, L.K. 2006. From innovation to common practice: Perinatal nursing pre-1970 to 2005. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 20(1):8–16. 7089. McGee, D.C. 1995. The perinatal nurse practitioner: An innovative model of advanced practice. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 24(7):602–606. 7090. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. 1992. Neonatal Intensive Care: A History of Excellence (NIH Publication No. 92-2786). Washington, D.C. 7091. Simpson, K.R. 2000. A critical evaluation of the past 25 years of perinatal nursing practice: Opportunities for improvement. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 25(6):300–304.

505

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Nephrology and Renal Nursing 7092. Allison, M.M. 2006. Mapping the literature of nephrology nursing. J Med Libr Assoc. 94(S2):E74–E79. 7093. Geatti, S. 2017. A century of nephrology nursing: The first fifty years (1915–1959). G Tec Nefrol Dial. 29(4):235–246. [English Abstract/Italian] 7094. Hoffart, N. 2009. Nephrology nursing 1915–1970: A historical study of the integration of technology and care. Nephrol Nurs J. 36(2):181–191.

Neurologic Nursing 7095. Hartshorn, J.C. 1986. Aspects of the historical development of neuroscience nursing. J Neurosci Nurs. 18:45–48. 7096. Hickey, J.V. 2014. Honoring the past: A prologue for the future of neuroscience nursing. Surg Neurol Int. 5:s473–s474. 7097. Hulbert, M. 1969. A 19th century legacy for the neurologic nurse. Nurs Clin North Am. 4:293. 7098. Lipe, H.P. and Doolittle, N. 1983. The neuro nurse specialist: Present and future considerations. J Neurosci Nurs. 15(5):317–319. 7099. Rimel, R.W. and Langfitt, T.W. 1980. The evolving role of the nurse practitioner in neurosurgery. J Neurosurg. 53(6):802– 807. 7100. Strength, D. 1993. Historical development and correlation of neuroscience literature and nursing practice: 1887–1992. J Neurosci Nurs. 25(3):141–146.

Nurse–Midwifery 7101. Burst, H.V. 2005. The history of nurse-midwifery/midwifery education. J Midwifery Womens Health. 50(2):129–137. 7102. Fennell, K.S. 1991. Prescriptive authority for nurse-midwives. A historical review. Nurs Clin North Am. 26(2):511–522. 7103. Lubic, R.W. 1982. Nurse-midwifery education: The second 50 years. J Nurse Midwifery. 27(5):5–9.

Nursing

7104. McCool, W.F. and McCool, S.J. 1989. Feminism and nursemidwifery historical overview and current issues. J Nurse Midwifery. 34(6):323–334. 7105. Scoggin, J. 1997. The historical relationship of nurse midwifery with medicine. J Nurse Midwifery. 42(1):49–52. 7106. Seaton, H.J. 2006. Mapping the literature of nurse-midwifery. J Med Libr Assoc. 94(S2):e80–e86. 7107. Tom, S.A. 1982. The evolution of nurse-midwifery: 1900– 1960. J Nurse Midwifery. 27(4):4–13. 7108. WHO. 2017. Nursing and Midwifery in the History of the World Health Organization 1948–2017. Geneva.

Obstetrical Nursing

109. Bower, S. 1915. The obstetrical nurse. Am J Nurs. 15:734–736. 7 7110. Fishback, E. 1914. Obstetrical nursing as a specialty. Am J Nurs. 14(10):806–810. 7111. Johnson, M.S. 1962. Pioneer work in obstetrical nursing from 1928 to 1947. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 83(1):123–127. 7112. McRae, M.J. 2003. Men in obstetrical nursing: Perceptions of the role. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 28(3):167–173. 7113. Radhika, K. 2016. Current trends of obstetrical nursing. Int J Adv Sci Res. 1(1):37–38. 7114. Rinker, S.D. 1999. The real challenge: Lessons from obstetric nursing history. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 29(1):100– 106. 7115. Stowe, H.M. 1910. The specially trained obstetric nurse: Her advantages and field. Am J Nurs. 10(8):550–554.

Occupational Nursing

7116. Barlow, R. 1992. Role of the occupational health nurse in the year 2000: Perspective view. Workplace Health Saf. 40(10):463. 7117. Cahall, J.B. 1981. The history of occupational health nursing. J Occup Health Nurs. 29(10):11–13. 7118. Garrett, L.H. 2005. Interdisciplinary practice, education, and research: The expanding role of the occupational health nurse. AAOHN J. 53(4):159–165.

507

508

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7119. Hong, O. 2003. the globalization of occupational health nursing: Advancing education, practice, and research (Guest Editorial). AAOHN J. 51(2):54. 7120. Justham, D. 1996. First aid in the history of occupational health nursing. Int Hist Nurs J. 2(2):59–68. 7121. Parker-Conrad, J.E. 2002. A century of practice: Occupational health nursing. AAOHN J. 50(12):537–541. 7122. Slaney, B.M. 1984. The development of occupational health nursing. Nursing (Lond). 2(25):1–3.

Oncology Nursing

7123. Astley, A. 1990. Cancer nursing: A history of pain. Nursing (Lond). 4(17):33–35. 7124. Cantrell, M.A. 2007. The art of pediatric oncology nursing practice. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 24(3):132–138. 7125. Cohen. M.Z. 1995. The meaning of cancer and oncology nursing: Link to effective care. Semin Oncol Nurs. 11(1):59– 67. 7126. Cummings, G.G., et al. 2018. The evolution of oncology nursing: Leading the path to change. Can Oncol Nurs J. 28(4):314–317. 7127. Haylock, P.J. 2008. Cancer nursing: Past, present, and future. Nurs Clin North Am. 43(2):179–203. 7128. Haylock, P.J. 2011. Cancer nursing: The modern era. Oncol Nurs Forum. 38(6):E7–E14. 7129. Hilkemeyer, R. 1985. A historical perspective in cancer nursing. Oncol Nurs Forum. 12(1):6–15. 7130. McGee, R.F. 1989. Oncology nursing: Five decades of growth. J Cancer Educ. 4(3):167–173. 7131. Miaskowski, C. 1990. The future of oncology nursing. A historical perspective. Nurs Clin North Am. 25(2):461–473. 7132. Mick, J. 2007. Factors affecting the evolution of oncology nursing care. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 12(2):307–313. 7133. Unknown Author. 2011. Oncology nursing bibliography. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 15:530–535. 7134. Wengström, Y. and Ekedahl, M. 2006. The art of professional development and caring in cancer nursing. Nurs Health Sci. 8(1):20–26.

Nursing

7135. Wiernikowski, J. 2009. I’m nursing as fast as I can: How the history of cancer and cancer care informs the future of oncology nursing. Can Oncol Nurs J. 19(2):78–81. 7136. Wilson, K. 2005. The evolution of the role of nurses: The history of nurse practitioners in pediatric oncology. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 22(5):250–253. 7137. Zwinkels, H. 2008. The developing role of the neuro-oncology nurse: A Dutch perspective. Br J Neurosci Nurs. 4(8):390–393.

Ophthalmic Nursing

7138. Boyd-Monk, H. 1997. Ophthalmic nursing: The way we were. J Ophthalmic Nurs Technol. 16(3):108–115. 7139. Craig, S. 2015. Nurses role in early detection of cataracts. Nursing Times. 111(17):12–14. 7140. Dopson, L. 1981. 100 years of ophthalmic nursing. Nursing Times. 77(24):1043–1044. 7141. Royal College of Nursing. 2020. The Nature, Scope and Value of Ophthalmic Nursing. London.

Orthopedic Nursing

7142. Adams, J. 1997. From crippledom to orthopaedic nursing: Pyrford 1908–1945. Int Hist Nurs J. 2(4):23–37. 7143. Kahn, B.A. 2005. The evolution of orthopaedic nursing at the Hospital for Special Surgery: The first orthopaedic institution in the United States. Orthop Nurs. 24(5):343–348. 7144. Love, C. 1995. Orthopaedic nursing: A study of its specialty status. Nurs Stand. 9(44):36–40. 7145. McLiesh, P. 2012. orthopaedic nursing in the 2010s: A critical ethnography. Thesis, University of Adelaide, School of Nursing. 7146. Santy, J. 2000. Orthopaedic and trauma nursing: What’ in a name? Journal of Orthopaedic Nursing. 4(3):127–129. 7147. Sedlak, C.A. 1997. Historical perspectives on orthopaedic nursing research in Orthopaedic Nursing from 1982 to 1995. Orthop Nurs. 16(6):33–42.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Perioperative and Surgical Nursing 7148. Applegeet, C.D. 2009. Perioperative nurse week: Its history and its future (Guest Editorial). AORN J. 90(5):645–647. 7149. Hamlin, L. 2020. From theatre to perioperative: A brief history of early surgical nursing. Journal of Perioperative Nursing. 33(4):e19–e24 7150. Morrison, J.D. 2000. Evolution of the perioperative clinical nurse specialist role. AORN J. 72(2):227–232. 7151. Shoup, A.J. 1988. The nurse as circulator. AORN J. 47(5):1231– 1232. 7152. Sigurđsson, H.Ó. 2001. The meaning of being a perioperative nurse. AORN J. 74(2):202–217. 7153. Taylor, M.K. 2006. Mapping the literature of medical-surgical nursing. J Med Libr Assoc. 94(S2):E65–E73. 7154. Wade, P. 2012. Historical trends influencing the future of perioperative nursing. ORNAC J. 30(2):22–25.

Psychiatric Nursing

7155. Hein, L.C. and Scharer, K.M. 2015. A modern history of psychiatric-mental health nursing. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 29:49–55. 7156. McCabe, S. 2000. Bringing psychiatric nursing into the 21st century. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 14(3):109–116. 7157. Nolan, P.W. 1991. The founding of psychiatric nurse training and its aftermath. Br J Psychiatry. 159:46–52. 7158. Nolan, P.W. 2000. A History of Mental Health Nursing. Cheltenham, UK: Stanley Thomas Publishers. 7159. Peplau, H.E. 1989. Future directions in psychiatric nursing from the perspective of history. J Psychosoc Nurs. 27(2):18– 28. 7160. Santos, E.H. 1949. A history of psychiatric nursing in the 19th century. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 4(1):48–74.

Nursing

Pulmonary Nursing 7161. Lareau, S.C. and Mealer, M. 2012. History of pulmonary critical care nursing and where we are going. Crit Care Nurs Clin. 24(3):355–359. 7162. Norton, L.C. and Sexton, D.L. 1986. Pulmonary nurse specialists: Preparation for the advanced practice role. J Nurs Educ. 25(6):230–235.

Radiology Nursing 7163. Blevins, S.J. 1994. The role of the radiology nurse. Radiol Manage. 16(4):46–48. 7164. Goodhart, J. and Page, J. 2007. Radiology nursing. Orthop Nurs. 26(1):36–39. 7165. Penzias, A., et al. 2015. Mentoring the nurse of the future: Clinical nurse specialist students in the radiology setting. J Radiol Nurs. 34(3):150–156.

Rehabilitation Nursing 7166. Mauk, K.L. 2017. The history of rehabilitation nursing: Looking back and moving forward (Editorial). Rehabil Nurs. 42(1):3–4. 7167. Meyer, C. 1993. The changing face of rehabilitation nursing. Am J Nurs. 93(2):76–78, 80, 82. 7168. Preston, K. 1994. Rehabilitation nursing: A client-centered philosophy. An J Nurs. 94(2):66–70. 7169. Spasser, M.A. and Weismantel, A. 2006. Mapping the literature of rehabilitation nursing. J Med Libr Assoc. 94(S2):e137– e142. 7170. St. Germain, D. 2014. The rehabilitation nurse then and now: From technical support to human potential catalyst by Caring Disability Creation Process Model in an interprofessional team. J Nurs Edu Pract. 4(7):54–61.

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Rheumatology Nursing 7171. Chesson, S. 1981. A new direction for the rheumatology nurse. Ann Rheum Dis. 40(6):628–629. 7172. Grahame, R. and West, J. 1996. The role of the rheumatology nurse practitioner in primary care: An experiment in the further education of the practice nurse. Rheumatology. 35(6):581–588. 7173. Horton, J. 1982. Careers: Rheumatology nursing. Nurs Mirror. 155(11):76. 7174. Lempp, H., et al. 2019. The value, impact and role of nurses in rheumatology outpatient care: Critical review of the literature. Musculoskeletal Care. 18:245–255. 7175. Pigg, J.S. 1990. Rheumatology nursing: Evolution of the role and functions of a subspecialty (Editorial). Arthritis Care Res. 3(3):109–115.

Rural Nursing 7176. Bigbee, J.L. 1993. The uniqueness of rural nursing. Nurs Clin North Am. 28(1):131–144. 7177. Bushy, A. 2006. Nursing in rural and frontier areas: Issues, challenges and opportunities. Harvard Health Policy Review. 7(1):17–27. 7178. Fitzgerald, R.P. 2008. Rural nurse specialists: Clinical practice and the politics of care. Med Anthropol. 27(3):257–282. 7179. Molinari, D. and Bushy, A. (Eds.) 2011. The Rural Nurse: Transition to Practice. New York: Springer Publishing Company. 7180. Roberge, C.M. 2012. Who stays in rural nursing practice? An international review of the literature on factors influencing rural nurse retention. Online Journal of Rural Nursing & Health Care. 9(1):82–93. 7181. Roberts, K.L. 1996. The rural nurse-practitioner: Concepts and issues. Aust J Rural Health. 4(3):171–178.

Nursing

Transplant Nursing 7182. Carney, L. and Conroy, M.D. 1969. The transplant nurse. AORN J. 10(6):42–43. 7183. Evans, R. 2014. Norma Urscheler 1943–2014: Filipina nurse who worked with pioneering heart transplant surgeons. Nurs Stand. 28(33):34. 7184. Fournier, C. and Lerrat L. 2016. Transplant nurse coordinator, a key mission. Revue de L’infirmiere. 65(226):28–30. [French] 7185. Hoffart, N. 2009. The development of kidney transplant nursing. Nephrol Nurs J. 36(2):127–135. 7186. Martin, R.K. 1999. The role of the transplant advanced practice nurse: A professional and personal evolution. Crit Care Nurs Q. 21(4):69–76. 7187. McNatt, G. 2008. Nursing and transplant coordination: A call for clarity. Prog Transplant. 18(3):208–215.

Transport Nursing

7188. Lee, G. 1987. History of flight nursing. J Emerg Nurs. 13(4):212–218. 7189. Polk-Walker, G.C. 1989. Aerospace nursing: The new frontier. J Prof Nurs. 5(4):224–230. 7190. Reimer, A.P. 2020. Prehospital and transport nursing: The next 50 Years. J Emerg Nurs. 46(1):8–11. 7191. Semonin-Holleran, R. 1994. Flight nursing: Providing patient care during air transport. Accid Emerg Nurs. 2(3):134–139. 7192. Skinner, R.E. 1981. The US Flight Nurse: An Annotated Historical Bibliography. 7193. Thomas, F. 1986. The early years of flight nursing. Air Med J. 5(10):6–8.

Urology Nursing 7194. Albaugh, J.A. 2012. Urology nursing practice educational preparation, titles, training, and job responsibilities around the globe. Urol Nurs. 32(2).

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7195. Lamb, B.W., et al. 2016. The role of the urology clinical nurse specialist in the multidisciplinary team meeting. Int J Urol Nurs. 5(2):59–64. 7196. Quallich, S., et al. 2019. ‘The patients are my biggest inspiration-they are brave’: Reflections on Urology Nursing. Urol Nurs. 39(5):221–223.

Vascular Nursing 7197. Marzen-Groller, K.D. 2007. Orienting nurses to a vascular nursing specialty. J Vascular Nurs. 25(4):85–89. 7198. Nunnelee, J.D. and McSweeney, M. 1995. Defining vascular nursing: A survey of vascular nurses. J Vasc Nurs. 13(3):79– 82. 7199. Wipke-Tevis, D.D. 1992. Vascular nursing research review: 1980–1990. J Vasc Nurs. 10(3):2–7.

Observational Medicine

7200. Graff, L.G. 1989. Control of observation medicine: Emergency medicine versus utilization review? Am J Emerg Med. 7:649. 7201. Graff, L., et al. 1992. Observation medicine: An annotated bibliography. Am J Emerg Med. 10(1):84–93. 7202. Houck, P.D. 2015. “Observational medicine” should be replaced by “real science.” Med Hypotheses. 85(3):266–271. 7203. Ross, M.A. and Graff IV, L.G. 2001. Principles of observational medicine: Historical background of observation services. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 19(1):1–17. 7204. Ross, M.A. and Granovsky, M. 2017. History, principles, and policies of observation medicine. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 35(3):503–518. 7205. Ross, M.A., et al. 2012. State of the art: Emergency department observation units. Crit Pathw Cardiol. 11(3):128–138.

Obstetrics and Gynecology

7206. Arnold, C.H. 1936. Historical gynecology. Cal West Med. 44(1):40–43.

Obstetrics and Gynecology

7207. Cianfrani, T. 1960. A Short History of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher. 7208. Drife, J. 2002. The start of life: A history of obstetrics. Postgrad Med J. 78:311–315. 7209. Eccles, C.E. 1937. A few historical facts on antisepsis in obstetrics and gynæcology during the last century. BMJ Mil Health. 69(2):123–125. 7210. Fluhmann, C.F. 1953. A glossary of gynecological, obstetrical and endocrinological abbreviations and symbols; alphabetical snafus of the medical writer. West J Surg Obstet Gynecol. 61(1):44–49. 7211. Gazzaniga, V. and Serarcangeli, C. 2000. The ancient origins of obstetrics, a role for women. Vesalius. 4(1):38–41. 7212. Graham, H. 1951. Eternal Eve: The History of Gynecology and Obstetrics. New York: Doubleday & Co. 7213. Green, M.H. 2008. Making Women’s Medicine Masculine. The Rise of Male Authority in Pre-Modern Gynecology. Oxford University Press. 7214. King, H. 2007. Midwifery, Obstetrics and the Rise of Gynaecology: The Uses of a Sixteenth-Century Compendium. Aldershot, Hants (UK): Ashgate Publishing. 7215. Lash, A. 1959. History of gynecology from prehistoric to modern times. J Int Coll Surg. 32:560–581. 7216. Leonardo, R.A. 1944. History of Gynecology. New York: Froben Press. 7217. Loudon, I. 2008. General practitioners and obstetrics: A brief history. J R Soc Med. 101(11):531–535. 7218. McKay, W.J.S. 1901. The History of Ancient Gynaecology. New York: William Wood & Co. 7219. Mariotti, M. 1954. Historical harmony between pediatrics and obstetrics during the course of centuries and in the evolution of thought. Minerva Nipiol. 4(4)185–188. [Italian] 7220. Ng, J.S. 2011. Robotics in gynaecology: A very brief history. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 40(5):207. 7221. O’Dowd, M.J. and Philipp, E.E. 1994. The History of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Carnforth: Parthenon. 7222. Ricci, J.V. 1943. One Hundred Years of Gynaecology, 1800–1900. Philadelphia: Blakiston Co.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7223. Ricci, J.V. 1943. The Genealogy of Gynaecology. History of the Development of Gynaecology Throughout the Ages 2000 B.C.A.D. 1800. Philadelphia: Blakiston. 7224. Roeckner, J.T. and Peebles, A.B. 2018. A look through time: Historical analysis of obstetrics and gynecology texts highlights changes in medicine. South Med J. 111(6):313– 316. 7225. Speert, H. 1958. Obstetric and Gynecologic Milestones: Essays in Eponymy. New York: Macmillan. 7226. Speert, H. 1973. Iconographica Gyniatrica: A Pictorial History of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Philadelphia: F.W. Davis. 7227. Speert, H. 1994. Obstetrics and Gynecology: A History and Iconography. San Francisco: Norman Publishing. 7228. Thomas, H. 1935. Classical Contributions to Obstetrics and Gynecology. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.

Oncology

General History 7229. Hayward, O.S. 1965. The history of oncology. I. Early oncology and the literature of discovery. Surgery. 58(2):460–468. 7230. Hayward, O.S. 1965. The history of oncology. II. The society for investigating cancer, London. Surgery. 58(3):586–599. 7231. Hayward, O.S. 1965. The history of oncology. III. America, and the cancer lectures of Nathan Smith. Surgery. 58(4):745–757. 7232. Lee, S.J., et al. 2000. Outcomes research in oncology: History, conceptual framework, and trends in literature. J Natl Cancer Inst. 92(3):195–204. 7233. Raven, R.W. 1990. The Theory and Practice of Oncology: Historical Evolution and Present Principles. Park Ridge, NJ: Parthenon. 7234. Tenner, L.L. and Helft, P.R. 2013. Ethics in oncology: An annotated bibliography of important literature. J Oncol Pract. 9(4):e145. 7235. Vaillancourt, P.M. 1969. Bibliographic Control of the Literature of Oncology: 1800–1960. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press.

Oncology

7236. Wagener, D.J. Th. 2009. The History of Oncology. Houten, The Netherlands: Springer.

Oncology Specialties

7237. Aapro, M.S. 2010. Launching the Journal of Geriatric Oncology: A historical milestone. J Geriatr Oncol. 1(1):2–3. 7238. Averette, H.E., et al. 2001. History of gynecologic oncology subspecialty. Surg Clin North Am. 81(4):747–751. 7239. Balducci, L. 2000. Geriatric oncology: Challenges for the new century. Eur J Cancer. 36(14):1741–1754. 7240. Barr, R., et al. 2017. Adolescent and young adult oncology: Historical and global perspectives. In Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults (pp. 1–6). Springer, Cham. 7241. Barton, D. and Bauer-Wu, S. 2009. The emerging discipline of integrative oncology. Oncology. 23(11). 7242. Bernier, J., et al. 2004. Radiation oncology: A century of achievements. Nat Rev Cancer. 4:737–747. 7243. Blagosklonny, M.V. 2002. From the war on cancer to translational oncology. Cancer Biol Ther. 1:711–714. 7244. Boddy, A.M., et al. 2020. Comparative oncology: New insights into an ancient disease. iScience. 23:101373. 7245. Borgmann, H., et al. 2016. Activity, content, contributors, and influencers of the twitter discussion on urologic oncology. Urol Oncol. 34(9):377–383. 7246. Boyd, D.B. 2007. Integrative oncology: The last ten years—A personal retrospective. Altern Ther Health Med. 13(1):56–65. 7247. Bregoli, L., et al. 2016. Nanomedicine applied to translational oncology: A future perspective on cancer treatment. Nanomedicine. 12(1):81–103. 7248. Carvalho, M.M. 2002. Psycho-oncology: History, characteristics and challenges. Psicologia USP. 13(1):151– 166. [English Abstract/Portuguese] 7249. Char, D.H. 1996. History of ocular oncology. Ophthalmology. 103:s96–s101. 7250. Clifford, P. 1976. Prospectives in head and neck oncology. J Laryngol Otol. 90(3):221–252.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7251. Coleman, C.N., et al. 1996. Training the radiation oncologist for the twenty-first century. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 35(4):821–826. 7252. Colvett, K. 2006. The history of radiation oncology. South Med J. 99(10):1155–1157. 7253. Cost, N.G. and Stock, J.A. 2016. A brief history of pediatric urologic oncology as a subspecialty. Urol Oncol. 34(1):7–8. 7254. Deng, G. and Cassileth, B. 2014. Integrative oncology: An overview. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 34(1):233–242. 7255. de Vries, E.G., et al. 1999. Medical oncology in the next century. Neth J Med. 55(6):310–315. 7256. Doroshow, J.H. and Kumar, S. 2014. Translational research in oncology: 10 years of progress and future prospects. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 11:649–662. 7257. Dragani, T.A., et al. 2016. Major milestones in translational oncology. BMC Med. 14(1):110. 7258. Durant, J.R., et al. 1974. Hematology-Oncology: An annotated bibliography of recent literature. Ann Intern Med. 81:766– 770. 7259. Extermann, M. 2010. Geriatric oncology: An overview of progresses and challenges. Cancer Res Treat. 42(2):61. 7260. Folz, B.J., et al. 2007. An outline of the history of head and neck oncology. Oral Oncol. 44:2–9. 7261. Fountzilas, E. and Tsimberidou, A.M. 2018. Overview of precision oncology trials: Challenges and opportunities. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 11(8):797–804. 7262. Galluzzi, L., et al. 2011. Past, present, and future of molecular and cellular oncology. Front Oncol. 1:1. 7263. Garner, F.M. and Brown, R.J. 1967. Bibliography of Comparative Oncology. Washington, D.C.: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 7264. Garraway, L.A., et al. 2013. Precision oncology: An overview. J Clin Oncol. 31(15):1803–1805. 7265. Gorski, D.H. 2014. Integrative oncology: Really the best of both worlds? Nat Rev Cancer. 14(10):692–700. 7266. Grant, S.J., et al. 2019. Integrative oncology: International perspectives. Integr Cancer Ther. 18(1):1–11.

Oncology

7267. Hachem, L.D., et al. 2017. Citation classics in neuro-oncology: Assessment of historical trends and scientific progress. Neuro Oncology. 19(9):1158–1172. 7268. Hahm, B.J., et al. 2007. History and current status of psychooncology. J Korean Neuropsychiatric Assoc. 46(5):413–420. 7269. Higgins, K.M. and Wang, J.R. 2008. State of head and neck surgical oncology research: A review and critical appraisal of landmark studies. Head Neck. 30(12):1636–1642. 7270. Inokuchi, H. and Hiraoka, M. 2016. History of radiation oncology and present state. Nihon rinsho. Jpn J Clin Med. 74:494–498. 7271. Kaliki, S. and Shields, C.L. 2011. Recent trends in ocular oncology. Oman J Ophthalmol. 4(3):103–104. 7272. Kaneko, A. 1999. Japanese contributions to ocular oncology. Int J Clin Oncol. 4(6):321–326. 7273. Kennedy, B.J. 1975. Medical oncology: The new subspecialty. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1(1):23–27. 7274. Kennedy, B.J. 1999. Medical oncology: Its origin, evolution, current status, and future. Cancer. 85(1):1–8. 7275. Kirschenbaum, A., et al. 1988. Controversies in urologic oncology. Surg Clin North Am. 68(5):1105–1123. 7276. Kurtz, J.E., et al. 2009. Geriatric oncology: How far have we gone and what are the next steps? Oncology. 77(3–4):147– 156. 7277. Lane, D. 1998. The promise of molecular oncology. Lancet. 351:sII17–sII20. 7278. Lee, C. 1994. Psycho-oncology: A historical review. Korean J Psychosomatic Med. 2(1):3–9. [English Abstract/Korean] 7279. Lefferts, J.A., et al. 2008. Molecular oncology: Current trends in diagnostics. Future Oncol. 4(1):61–70. 7280. Levin, V.A. 1999. Neuro-oncology: An overview. Arch Neurol. 56(4):401–404. 7281. Lichtman, S.M., et al. 2007. Geriatric oncology: A field coming of age. J Clin Oncol. 25(14):1821–1823. 7282. McCarty, P.J. and Million, R.R. 1995. History of radiation oncology. J Florida Med Assoc. 82(11):745–748.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7283. Melichar, B.(2013. Laboratory medicine and medical oncology: The tale of two Cinderellas. Clin Chem Lab Med. 51(1):99–112. 7284. Mendelsohn, J. 2013. Personalizing oncology: Perpsectives and prospects. J Clin Oncol. 31:1904–1911. 7285. Micke, O. 2000. Quo vadis trace elements? History and future of trace elements in radiation oncology. Trace Elements Electrolytes. 17(4):187–189. 7286. Mirzania, M., et al. 2015. Medical oncology, history and its future in Iran. Arch Iran Med. 18(11):799–805. 7287. Moy, B., et al. Geriatric oncology for the 21st century: A call for action. J Oncol Pract. 10(4):241–243. 7288. Myers, E.N. 2010. Head and neck oncology—2010, Part I. Otolaryngol Polska. 64(3):136–146. 7289. Myers, E.N. 2010. Head and neck oncology—2010, Part II. Otolaryngol Polska. 64(4):204–214. 7290. Pearson, H.A. 2002. History of pediatric hematology oncology. Pediatr Res. 52(6):979–992. 7291. Pfleiderer, A. 2000. Milestones in gynecological oncology over the last 20 years. Onkologie. 23(6):615–618. [German] 7292. Philipsen, H.P. and Reichart, P.A. 2006. Classification of odontogenic tumors: A historical review. J Oral Pathol Med. 35(9):525–529. 7293. Piepmeier, J.M. 2009. The future of neuro-oncology (Editorial). Acta Neurochir. 151:1343–1348. 7294. Prasad, V., et al. 2016. Precision oncology: Origins, optimism, and potential. Lancet Oncol. 17(2):e81–e86. 7295. Pui, C.H., et al. 2011. Challenging issues in pediatric oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 8(9):540–549. 7296. Rao, A.V., et al. 2008. Geriatric oncology: Past, present, future. J Oncol Pract. 4(4):190–192. 7297. Reaman, G.H. 2002. Pediatric oncology: Current views and outcomes. Pediatr Clin. 49(6):1305–1318. 7298. Rodriguez-Galindo, C., et al. 2013. Global challenges in pediatric oncology. Curr Opin Pediatr. 25(1):3–15. 7299. Ruff, M.W., et al. 2019. Neuro-oncology: Implications of the molecular era. Neurology. 92(12):568–574.

Ophthalmology

7300. Schantz, S.P. 1994. Head and neck oncology research. Curr Opin Oncol. 6(3):265–271. 7301. Shaw, M. 1977. Medical oncology: An adolescent or a mature specialty? Lancet. 309(8003):135–136. 7302. Soto-Perez-de-Celis, E., et al. 2017. Global geriatric oncology: Achievements and challenges. J Geriatr Oncol. 8(5):374–386. 7303. Weiss, R.B. 1972. Medical oncology: A new subspecialty. WV Med J. 68:293–294. 7304. Weller, M. 2018. Next generation neuro-oncology. Eur J Cancer. 96:1–5. 7305. Witt, C.M., et al. 2017. A comprehensive definition for integrative oncology. JNCI Monographs. 2017(52):1gx012. 7306. Wolff, J.A. 1991. History of pediatric oncology. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 8(2):89–91.

Ophthalmology 7307. Albert, D.M. 2002. Dates in Ophthalmology. New York: Parthenon. 7308. Albert, D.M. and Edwards, D.D. 1996. The History of Ophthalmology. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Science, Inc. 7309. Albert, D.M. and Henkind, P. 1993. Men of Vision: Lives of Notable Figures in Ophthalmology. Philadelphia: W.B Saunders. 7310. Albert, D.M., et al. 1995. Sourcebook of Ophthalmology. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Science. 7311. Arrington, G.E., Jr. 1959. A History of Ophthalmology. New York: M.D. Publications. 7312. Arrington, G.E., Jr. 1960. The twentieth century: Its impact on ophthalmology. Int Rec Med. 173:597–601. 7313. Bacal, D.A. 2009. AJO history of ophthalmology series. 1066: The eye injury that changed western civilization. Am J Ophthalmol. 147(5):906. 7314. Bahn, C.A. 1933. The eyes of some famous historical characters: Little journeys in ophthalmology—I. Am J Ophthalmol. 16(5):425–429.

521

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7315. Bison, D. 2010. AJO history of ophthalmology series. Darwin and his ophthalmologist consultants. Am J Ophthalmol. 150(2):264. 7316. Blodi, C.F. AJO history of ophthalmology series. Paul Sullivan and intraocular sulfur hexafluoride. Am J Ophthalmol. 150(4):533. 7317. Chance, B. 1939. Ophthalmology. New York: Paul B. Hoeber Inc. 7318. Crisp, W.H. 1918. Ophthalmic sociology and history. Am J Ophthalmol. 1(12):241–254. 7319. Fishman, R. 1999. AJO history of ophthalmology series. The death of Mendelssohn. Ophthalmology. 106(10):2016–2022. 7320. Fishman, R. 2008. AJO history of ophthalmology series. Freud as a neuro-ophthalmologist. Am J Ophthalmol. 146(2):192. 7321. Fishman, R. 2009. AJO history of ophthalmology series. Occupational medicine founder described ophthalmic diseases. Am J Ophthalmol. 147(1):139. 7322. Fishman, R. 2010. AJO history of ophthalmology series. Abraham Lincoln’s plagiocephaly. Am J Ophthalmol. 150(1):115. 7323. Fishman, R. 2012. AJO history of ophthalmology series. Joaquin Rodrigo. Am J Ophthalmol. 154(2):393. 7324. Friedenwald, H. 1942. Paths of progress of ophthalmology. Arch Ophthalmol. 27:1047–1096. 7325. Ganias, F. 1976. Ophthalmologic terminology. Arch Ophthalmol. 94:1227. 7326. Grom, E. 1971. A look at the historical development of ophthalmology. Ann Ophthalmol. 3(4):404–412. 7327. Grossniklaus, H.E. 2015. Ophthalmic pathology: History, accomplishments, challenges, and goals. Ophthalmology. 122(8):1539–1542. 7328. Hardy, S.C. 1958. A student’s outline of ophthalmic history. Optician. 136:295–298. 7329. Hertle, R.W. and Hertle, R.H. 2007. AJO history of ophthalmology series. Early stereoscopy. Am J Ophthalmol. 144(5):768. 7330. Keys, T.E. and Rucker, C.W. 1960. The atlases of ophthalmology: A bibliography 1850–1960. Am J Ophthalmol. 49:881–894.

Ophthalmology

7331. Klebs, A.C. 1927. Historical perspectives in ophthalmology. Bull NY Acad Med. 3(7):470–472. 7332. Lascaratos, J. 1999. Ophthalmology in Byzantium, 10th–15th centuries. Med Secoli. 11(2):391–403. 7333. Lascaratos, J., et al. 2004. History of ophthalmology. The ophthalmic wound of Philip II of Macedonia (360–336 BCE). Surv Ophthalmol. 49(2):256–261. 7334. L’Esperance, F.A., Jr. 1989. Historical aspects of ophthalmic lasers. Caduceus. 5(1):4–23. 7335. Letocha, C.E. 1998. AJO history of ophthalmology series. James Graham “emperor of quacks.” Ophthalmology. 105(8):1564– 1569. 7336. Manis, M.J. 2013. AJO history of ophthalmology series. R. Townley Paton and Sing Sing prison. Am J Ophthalmol. 155(3):559. 7337. Mark, H. 2012. AJO history of ophthalmology series. Am J Ophthalmol. 154(5):900. 7338. Rohrbach, J.M. 2013. Research and progress in ophthalmology since 1850: An attempt for a critical historical analysis. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 230(10):1036–1043. [German] 7339. Saine, P.J. 1994. Ophthalmic photography books: An historical bibliography. Journal of Ophthalmic Photography. 16(2):78. 7340. Snyder, C. 1956. A bibliography of the history of ophthalmology: 1952 through 1954. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 55(3):397–407. 7341. Snyder, C. 1958. A bibliography of the history of ophthalmology, 1955 and 1956. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 59:885–894. 7342. Snyder, C. 1960. A bibliography of the history of ophthalmology: 1957 through 1958. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 63(2):330–346. 7343. Snyder, C. 1961. A bibliography of the history of ophthalmology: 1959 and 1960. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 66(5):744–759. 7344. Snyder, C. 1965. A bibliography of the history of ophthalmology: 1961 and 1962. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 71(2):267–283. 7345. Snyder, C. 1965. A bibliography of the history of ophthalmology: 1963 and 1964. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 71(4):579–592. 7346. Sorsby, A. 1948. A Short History of Ophthalmology. London: Staples Press.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7347. Stewart, M.W. and Liesegang, T.J. 2015. Archiving Past Issues of the American Journal of Ophthalmology: Bringing 97 years of history to everyone’s computer. Am J Ophthalmol. 159(1):1–2. 7348. Tasman, W.S. 2007. AJO history of ophthalmology series. Bilberry and the Royal Air Force. Am J Ophthalmol. 144(4):556. 7349. Van Cader, T.C. 1978. History of ophthalmic photography. Journal of Ophthalmic Photography. 1:7–9. 7350. Wayenborgh, J.P. 2001. Florent Cunier, 1812–1852. A tragic figure in ophthalmic history. Strabismus. 9(3):177–178. 7351. Wheeler, J.R. 1946. History of ophthalmology through the ages. Br J Ophthalmol. 30(5):264–275.

Optometry

7352. Arrington, E.E. 1929. History of Optometry. Chicago: White Printing House. 7353. Bennett, A.G. 1986. An historical review of optometric principles and techniques. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 6(1):3– 21. 7354. Bennett I. 2007. The story behind Optometric Management magazine. Hindsight. 38(1):17–22. 7355. Bergin, C.L. 2017. Optometry defined through the decades. Hindsight. 48(3):64–70. 7356. Birnbaum, M.H. 1994. Behavioral optometry: A historical perspective. J Am Optom Assoc. 65(4):255–264. 7357. Cole, B.L. 2017. Serving optometry for 100 years: The story of Clinical and Experimental Optometry. Clin Exp Optom. 100:303–312. 7358. Cole, B.L. 2019. The challenge of preserving the artifacts of optometric history. Hindsight. 50(3):66–73. 7359. Cox, M.Ed. 1957. Optometry, the Profession: Its Antecedents, Birth, and Development. Philadelphia: Chilton. 7360. Elliott, D.B. and Handley, N. 2015. A historical review of optometry research and its publication: Are optometry journals finally catching up? Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 35(3):245–251.

Optometry

7361. Getman, G.N. 1978. Four concepts held by modern optometry/ their origin and their future. J Am Optom Assoc. 49(6):627– 631. 7362. González-Méijome, J.M. 2019. Optometry: A discipline and profession that feeds from and empowers other specialties (editorial). J Optom. 12(1):1–2. 7363. Goss, D.A. 2007. Landmarks in the history of optometry. Hindsight. 38(2):47–54. 7364. Goss, D.A. 2011. Some doctors of medicine who published optometry books and played significant roles in early twentieth century optometric education. Hindsight. 42(1):20. 7365. Goss, D.A. 2015. A history of some optometry periodicals. Part 1. Hindsight. 46(4):85–90. 7366. Goss, D.A. 2016. A history of some optometry periodicals. Part 2. Hindsight. 47(4):134–138. 7367. Gregg, J.R. 1991. The Story of Optometry. New York: The Ronald Press Co. 7368. Haffner, A.N. 2011. Reflections on the ups and downs of optometry’s relationship with organized medicine and organized ophthalmology. Hindsight. 42(1):10. 7369. Hébert, K.P. 2014. An appreciation of Dr. Henry Hofstetter and his role in the preservation and advancement of optometry history. Hindsight. 45(4):110. 7370. Hirsch, M.J. and Weiner, G. 1968. History of the American Journal of Optometry. Optom Vis Sci. 45(1):43–57. 7371. Koch, C.C. 1953. Milestones in optometric history. Optom Vis Sci. 30(10):543–546. 7372. Kohn, H. 1967. A personal and anecdotal legal history of optometry. J Am Optometric Assoc. 38(11):949–955. 7373. Myers, R.I. 2019. The origins of the Optometric Historical Society. Hindsight. 50(1):19–21. 7374. Penisten, D.K. 1993. Optometric history: Who cares. Optom Vis Sci. 70(8):628–630. 7375. Tannebaum, S. 1989. Optometry or ophthalmology? A historical review of early literature. J Am Optometric Assoc. 60(9):690–693. 7376. Tannebaum, S. 1990. The development of western optometry: A case for history. J Am Optometric Assoc. 61(9):666–668.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Pain Medicine (Algiatry) 7377. Bonica, J. 1991. History of pain concepts and pain therapy. Mt Sinai J Med. 58:191–202. 7378. Burgess, F. 2006. What is in a name? Pain Med. 7(4):287–288. 7379. Burmistr, I. 2018. Theories of pain, up to Descartes and after neuromatrix: What role do they have to develop future paradigms? Pain Med. 3(1):6–12. 7380. Chen, J. 2011. History of pain theories. Neurosci Bull. 27(5):343–350. 7381. Collier, R. 2018. A short history of pain management. CMAJ. 190(1):e26–e27. 7382. Dubois, M.Y., et al. 2009. Pain medicine position paper. Pain Med. 10(6):972–1000. 7383. Kulich, R. and Loeser, J.D. 2011. The business of pain medicine: The present mirrors antiquity. Pain Med. 12(7):1063–1105. 7384. Meldrum, M.L. 2003. A capsule history of pain management. JAMA. 290(18):2470–2475. 7385. Morris, D. 1998. An invisible history of pain: Early 19th century Britain and America. Clin J Pain. 14:191–196. 7386. Neal, J.M. and Baker, J. 2006. Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine after 30 years: A historical perspective. Region Anesth Pain Med. 31(6):575–581. 7387. Neblett, R. 2017. Pain catastrophizing: An historical perspective. J Appl Biobehav Res. 22(1):e12086. 7388. Perl, E.R. 2007. Ideas about pain: A historical review. Nat Rev Neurosci. 8(1):71–80. 7389. Raj, P.P. 1995. Pain Medicine: A Comprehensive Review. St. Louis: Mosby. 7390. Rey, R. 1993. The History of Pain. Paris: Editions La Decouverte. 7391. Sabatwoski, R., et al. 2004. Paint treatment: A historical overview. Curr Pharm Des. 10(7):701–716. 7392. Tetzlaff, J.E., et al. 2004. Dr. George Crile: Early contributions to the theoretic basis for twenty-first century pain medicine. Region Anesth Pain Med. 29(6):600–605. 7393. Tompkins, D.A., et al. 2017. Providing chronic pain management in the “Fifth Vital Sign” Era: Historical and

Pathology

treatment perspectives on a modern-day medical dilemma. Drug Alcohol Depend. 173(S1):s11–s21. 7394. Upp, J., et al. 2013. The evolution and practice of acute pain medicine. Pain Med. 14(1):124–144.

Pathology

General History 7395. Armstrong-Smith, I. 2014. Facing the digital future of pathology. The Pathologist. 1:17–25. 7396. Bertolini Meli, D. 2017. Visualizing Disease: The Art and History of Pathological Illustrations. University of Chicago Press. 7397. Brooke, H.C. 1934. An exhibit illustrating the history of pathology. Bull Hist Med. 2:447–476. 7398. Coppola, A. and Viggiani, E. 1980. Selected items from the history of pathology: Vincenzo Tiberio (1896–1915). Am J Pathol. 101(1):30. 7399. Crellin, J. 1979. Selected items from the history of pathology: Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1682–1771). Am J Pathol. 95(1):98. 7400. Crellin, J. 1980. Selected items from the history of pathology. Am J Pathol. 98(1):60. 7401. Krumbhaar, E.B. 1937. Pathology. New York: Paul B. Hoeber Inc. 7402. Long, E.R. 1929. Selected Readings in Pathology. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 7403. Long, E.R. 1965. A History of Pathology. New York: Dover Publications. 7404. Ludwig, F.C. 1993. Pathology in historical perspective. The Pharos of Alpha Omega Alpha-Honor Medical Society. Alpha Omega Alpha. 56(2):5–11. 7405. Majno, G. 1978. Historical events in pathology. Am J Pathol. 92(1):226. 7406. Mauritz, R. 1987. Morbid Appearances. The Anatomy of Pathology in the Early 19th Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

527

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7407. McLendon, W.W. 1986. A historical perspective as a compass for future of pathology. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 110(4):284– 288. 7408. Müllauer, L. 2017. Milestones in pathology: From histology to molecular biology. Memo. 10:42–45. 7409. Ober, W.B. 1978. Selected items from the history of pathology: Eugen Albrecht, MD (1872–1908): Hamartoma and choristoma. Am J Pathol. 91(3):606. 7410. Ober, W.B. 1978. Selected items from the history of pathology: Friedrich Krukenberg and His Tumor. Am J Pathol. 93(3):792. 7411. Oertel, H. 1928. Outlines of Pathology in its Historical, Philosophical, and Scientific Foundations. Montreal: Renouf Publishing Co. 7412. Park, S., et al. 2013. The history of pathology informatics: A global perspective. J Pathol Inform. 30(4):7. 7413. Prichard, R. 1978. Selected items from the history of pathology. Am J Pathol. 92(3):680. 7414. Prichard, R. 1979. Selected items from the history of pathology. Frank Burr Mallory. Am J Pathol. 95(2):422. 7415. Prichard, R. 1979. Selected items from the history of pathology: Étienne-Louis Arthur Fallot (1850–1911). Am J Pathol. 95(3):596. 7416. Prichard, R. 1979. Selected items from the history of pathology: Marie-François-Xavier Bichat (1771–1802). Am J Pathol. 96(1):256. 7417. Prichard, R. 1979. Selected items from the history of pathology: Matthew Baillie (1761–1823). Am J Pathol. 96(1):278. 7418. Prichard, R. 1979. Selected items from the history of pathology: Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1682–1771). Am J Pathol. 97(2):358. 7419. Prichard, R. 1979. Selected items from the history of pathology. Gastric leiomyoma. Am J Pathol. 97(3):504. 7420. Prichard, R. 1979. Selected items from the history of pathology. Transposition of the great vessels. Am J Pathol. 97(3):562. 7421. Rosai, J. 1997. Pathology: A historical opportunity. Am J Pathol. 151(1):3.

Pathology

7422. Sigerist, H.E. 1933. Problems of historical-geographical pathology. Bull Inst Hist Med. 1(1):10–18. 7423. Van den Tweel, J.G. and Taylor, C.R. 2010. A brief history of pathology. Virchows Arch. 457(1):3–10. 7424. Vollmer, E. and Goldmann, T. 2011. Pathology on the edge of interdisciplinarity: A historical epitome. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 52(S1):223–230.

Pathology Specialties Adolescent and Pediatric Pathology 7425. Albrecht, G. 1979. The development of child pathology within the framework of pathology and pediatrics: A medicohistorical review. Padiatr Grenzgeb. 18(3):147–156. 7426. Haust, M.D. and Gilbert-Barness, E.F. 2006. Founders of pediatric pathology: Marie Valdes-Dapena. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 9(5):345–352. 7427. Singer, D.B. 2015. Pediatric pathology in the year 2050. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 18(6):512–518. 7428. Wright, J.R., Jr. 2016. Founders of pediatric pathology: Ward Thomas Burdick (1878–1928). Pediatr Dev Pathol. 19(6):493–497.

Anatomic, Clinical and Forensic Pathology

7429. Byard, R. 2018. Historical forensic pathology. Medical Youth. 69(4):1–5. 7430. Byard, R. and Maxwell-Stewart, H. 2019. Historical forensic pathology: A ‘new’ discipline (Editorial). Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 15:165–168. 7431. Carter, J.R. 1977. A renascence role of anatomic pathology in modern medicine. Hum Pathol. 8(3):237–241. 7432. Cohen, S. and Coffman, F. 2013. The evolution of anatomic pathology. Anal Cell Pathol. 36(5–6):117–124. 7433. Fechner, R.E. 1991. Anatomic pathology in the 1980s: A decade of new information and new challenges. Am J Clin Pathol. 96(4):S10–S14. 7434. Foster, W.D. 1961. A Short History of Clinical Pathology. London: E. & S. Livingstone Ltd.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7435. Magath, T.B. 1972. The importance of clinical pathology to modern medicine. Science. 76(1972):333–336. 7436. Otis, C.N. 2006. Residency training in anatomic pathology: Looking forward in the 21st century. Hum Pathol. 37(8):929– 931. 7437. Scarani, P., et al. 1994. Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694): A founding father of modern anatomic pathology. Am J Surg Pathol. 18(7):741–746. 7438. Stasney, J. 1980. The future challenge for anatomic pathology. J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 4(5–6):313–316.

Aviation and Aerospace Pathology

7439. DeLellis, R.A. and Mirlinda, C. 2018. The AFIP/ARP atlases of pathology past, present and future. Am J Surg Pathol. 42(3):e28–e32. 7440. Farr, W.D. 2000. The history of aerospace pathology. U.S. Army Medical Department Journal. 54–57. 7441. Hill, I.R. 1982. The historical background to aerospace pathology. Aviat Space Environ Med. 53(1):1–5. 7442. Mason, J.K. and Reals, W.J. 1973. Aerospace Pathology. Chicago: College of American Pathologists Foundation. 7443. Reals, W.J. 1978. The use of aviation pathology and aviation medicine as proof of liability and damage. Journal of Air Law & Commerce. 44(2):297–308. 7444. Stamm, W.P. 1968. Aviation accident pathology. Proc R Soc Med. 61(11 Pt 1):1075–1076.

Cancer and Surgical Pathology

7445. Cilia-Vincenti, A. 2016. Surgical pathology: What’s in a name? Synapse. 15(3):11. 7446. Fisher, E.R. and Hermann, C.M. 1979. Historic milestones in cancer pathology. Semin Oncol. 6(4):428–432. 7447. Gal, A.A. 2001. In search of the origins of modern surgical pathology. Adv Anat Pathol. 8(1):1–13. 7448. Hazard, J.B. 1981. An introduction to the history of surgical pathology. Am J Clin Pathol. 75(S3):444–446. 7449. Mountford, C.E., et al. 1997. Cancer pathology in the year 2000. Biophys Chem. 68(1–3):127–135.

Pathology

Cardiac and Pulmonary Pathology 7450. Camac, C.N.B. 1904. Historic outline of cardiac pathology and clinical aspects of chronic myocarditis. Bulletin of Johns Hopkins Hospital. 15:27–39. 7451. Hort, W. 2002. History of cardiovascular pathology. Z Kardiol. 91(4):iv20–iv24. [German Abstract/English] 7452. Kayser, K., et al. 2003. Historical aspects of pulmonary pathology with specific emphasis on ancient reports. Electron J Pathol Histol. 9:32–37. 7453. Smith, G.J. 1981. Averill Abraham Liebow: Contributions to pulmonary pathology. Yale J Biol Med. 54(2):139–146. 7454. Thiene, AG. 1992. Cardiovascular pathology: Past, present, and future achievements. Cardiovasc Pathol. 1(2):79–86.

Cutaneous and Dermatologic Pathology

7455. Bassas-Vila, J. 2008. Who won the debate? Reflections on the future of dermatopathology (opinion article). Actas Dermosifiliogr. 99:749–52. 7456. Beerman, H. 1974. Cutaneous pathology: A historical view. J Cutan Pathol. 1(1):3–9. 7457. Bernhardt, M.S. 2013. The history of dermatopathology. J Cutan Dis. 31(10):725–739. 7458. Bhawan, J. 2006. The evolution of dermatopathology: The American experience. Am J Dermatopathol. 28:67–71. 7459. King, D.F., et al. 1982. The meaning of pathology and dermatopathology in historical perspective. Am J Dermatopathol. 4(2):125–126. 7460. Milde, P. and Ackerman, A.B. 1993. A critical analysis of textbooks of dermatopathology in historical perspective. Am J Dermatopathol. 15(3):286–295.

Cytopathology and Histopathology

7461. Hajdu, S.I. and Ehya, H. 2008. Foundation of diagnostic cytopathology. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 38(3):296–299. 7462. Holt, J.T., et al. 1993. Histopathology: Old principles and new methods. Cancer Surv. 18:115–133. 7463. Quirke, P. and Mapstone, N. 1999. The new biology: Histopathology. Lancet. 354(S1):26–31.

531

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7464. Spriggs, A.I. 1977. A history of cytodiagnosis. J Clin Pathol. 30:1091–1102. 7465. Titford, M. 2013. A short history of histopathology technique. J Histotechnol. 29(2):99–110. 7466. Wright, J.R. Jr. 2015. Cytopathology: Why did it take so long to thrive? (Special Contribution). Diagn Cytopathol. 43(3):257– 263.

Environmental Pathology

7467. Cleveland, F.P. 1983. History of environmental pathology. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 4(4):331–336. 7468. Epstein, S.S. 1972. Environmental pathology: A review. Am J Pathol. 66(2):352–373. 7469. Grisham, J.W. and Lacy, P.E. 1973. Environmental pathology: Analysis and proposal. Hum Pathol. 4(4):461–467. 7470. Weiss, D.L. 1986. The environment of environmental pathology. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 16(4):261–265.

Gynecologic Pathology

7471. Gompel, C. and Silverberg, S.G. 1994. Pathology in Gynecology and Obstetrics. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott. 7472. Haines, M. 1971. The emergence of pathology in gynaecology. J Clin Pathol. 24(5):375. 7473. Herbut, P.A. 1953. Gynecological and Obstetrical Pathology. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger. 7474. Salazar, H. and Scully, R.E. 2000. The international society of gynecological pathologists: Its founding and early years. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 19(1):3–6. 7475. Young, R.H. 1996. History of gynecological pathology. I. Dr. Thomas S. Cullen. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 15(2):181–186.

Neuropathology

7476. Henry, J.M. 1998. Neurons and Noble prizes: A centennial history of neuropathology. Neurosurgery. 42(1):143–155. 7477. Roizin, L. 1957. Essay on the origin and evolution of neuropathology. Psychiatr Q. 31:531–555.

Performing Arts and Sports Medicine

Ophthalmic Pathology 7478. Alkatan, H. 2010. Ophthalmic pathology: The history of a growing profession. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 24(1):1. 7479. Grossniklaus, H.E. 2015. Ophthalmic pathology: History, accomplishments, challenges, and goals. Ophthalmology. 122(8):1539–1542. 7480. Reese, A.B. 1940. Classification of ocular pathology. Arch Ophthalmol. 24(6):1077–1099. 7481. Spencer, W.H. 2001. Ophthalmic pathology at the crossroads. Arch Ophthalmol. 119:1204–1205.

Paleopathology

7482. Buikstra, J.E. and Roberts, C.A. (Eds.) 2012. The Global History of Paleopathology: Pioneers and Prospects. New York: Oxford University Press. 7483. Jarcho, S.W. 1966. Human Paleopathology. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 7484. von Karolyi, L. 1970. Palaeopathology (tasks, objects, methodology, current status): Position among the sciences. Sudhoffs Archiv. 54(4):398–422. [English Summary/German]

Urologic Pathology

7485. Filosa, A. and Fabiani, A. 2009. Dr. Donald Floyd Gleason‘s historic immense contribution to urologic pathology. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 31(2):123–124. 7486. MacLennan, G.T. and Cheng, L. 2020. Five decades of urologic pathology: The accelerating expansion of knowledge in renal cell neoplasia. Hum Pathol. 95:24–45. 7487. Young, R.H. and Eble, J.N. 2019. The history of urologic pathology: An overview. Histopathology. 74(1):184–212.

Performing Arts and Sports Medicine

7488. Adams, J.W. 1994. Development of sports medicine. NC Med J. 55(10):488–492. 7489. Berryman, J.W. and Park, R.J. (Eds.). 1992. Essays in the History of Sports Medicine. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7490. Bragge, P. 2006. Performing arts medicine: Past, present and future. Victorian Journal of Music Education. 2006:6–14. 7491. Brandfonbrener, A.G. 1991. Performing arts medicine: An evolving specialty. Music Educators Journal. 77(5):37–41. 7492. Carter, N. 2012. Medicine, Sport and the Body: A Historical Perspective. London: Bloomsbury Academic. 7493. Dawson, W.J. 2003. The bibliography of performing arts medicine. Med Probl Perform Art. 18:27–32. 7494. Dawson, W.J. 2007. The bibliography of performing arts medicine: A 10-year retrospective review (part II). Med Probl Perform Art. 22(4):153–159. 7495. Dawson, W.J. 2013. Performing arts medicine: A bibliographic retrospective of the early literature: An historical examination of bibliographic references pre-1975. Med Probl Perform Art. 28(1):47–53. 7496. Dawson, W.J., et al. 1998. What’s in a name? Terminologic issues in performing arts medicine. Med Probl Perform Art. 13:45–50. 7497. Hanna, G., et al. 2017. Arts In Medicine Literature Review. Seattle, WA: Grantmakers in the Arts. 7498. Harman, S.E. 1993. Odyssey: The history of performing arts medicine. Md Med J. 42(3):251. 7499. Hughston, J.C. and Clarke, K.S. (Eds.). 1970. Bibliography of Sports Medicine. Rosemont, IL: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 7500. Jackson, D.W. 1984. The history of sports medicine. Part 2. Am J Sports Med. 12(4):255–257. 7501. Jobe, F.W. and Pink, M.M. 2007. The process of progress in medicine, in sports medicine, and in baseball medicine. Am J Orthop. 36(6):298–302. 7502. La Cava, G. 1970. Past, present and future sports medicine. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 10(2):63. 7503. La Cava, G. 1973. Sports medicine in modern times. A short historical survey. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 13(3):155–158. 7504. Lederman, R.J. 1994. The coming of age of performing arts medicine. West J Med. 160(1):73–74. 7505. Masterson, D.W. 1976. The ancient Greek origin of sport medicine. BMJ. 10(4):197–202.

Pharmacology

7506. Mathias, M.B. 2004. The competing demands of sport and health: An essay on the history of ethics in sports medicine. Clin Sports Med. 23(2):195–214. 7507. McCabe, T.R., et al. 2013. A bibliographic review of medicine and science research in dance sport. Med Probl Perform Art. 28(2):70–79. 7508. Ostwald, P.T., et al. 1994. Performing arts medicine. West J Med. 160(1):48–52. 7509. Pascarelli, E.F. and Bishop, C.J. 1994. Performing arts medicine: The status of the specialty within an evolving health care system. Med Probl Perform Art. 9:63–63. 7510. Patrias, K., et al. 1988. Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine: 1406 Selected Citations (Specialized Bibliography Series No. 1988-2). Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine, Public Services Division. 7511. Pezzi, G. 1967. Historical account on sport medicine. Folia Med (Napoli). 50(9):581–594. [Italian] 7512. Snook, G.A. 1984. The history of sports medicine. Part 1. Am J Sports Med. 12(4):252–254. 7513. Tipton, C.M. 1997. Sports medicine: A century of progress. J Nutr. 127(5):878–885.

Pharmacology General History 7514. Bickel, M.H. 2000. History of medicine and pharmacology. Aspects of the history of interdisciplinary relations. Gesnerus. 58(1–2):76–89. [German] 7515. Bone, J.A. 1942. An epitome of the history of pharmacology and therapeutics. J Natl Med Assoc. 36(1):25–30. 7516. Dragstedt, C.A. 1958. An historical consideration of pharmacology. Q Bull Northwest Univ Med Sch. 32(2):179– 186. 7517. Fisher, J.W. 1971. Readings on the History of Pharmacology. New Orleans: Tulane University School of Medicine. 7518. Heischkel, E. 1958. Pharmacology in the time of Goethe. Sudhoffs Archiv. 42(4):302–311. [German]

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7519. Heymans, C. 1967. Pharmacology in old and modern medicine. Annu Rev Pharmacol. 7:1–15. 7520. Holmstedt, B. and Lijestrand, G. (Eds.). 1963. Readings in Pharmacology. New York: Macmillan Co. 7521. Kim, N.I. 2005. The changes of traditional pharmacology throughout history. J Korean Med Hist. 18(2):3–14. 7522. Leake, C.D. 1959. The status of pharmacology as a science. Am J Pharm Educ. 23:173–196. 7523. Leake, C.D. 1961. The scientific status of pharmacology. Science. 134(3496):2069–2079. 7524. Leake, C.D. 1975. An Historical Account of Pharmacology to the 20th Century. Springfield, IL: Charles. C. Thomas. 7525. Levey, M. 1973. Early Arabic Pharmacology: An Introduction Based on Ancient and Medieval Sources. Leiden: Brill. 7526. May, L.A. (Ed.). 1977. Withering on the Foxglove and Other Classics in Pharmacology. Oceanside, NY: Dabor Science Publications. 7527. Parascandola, J. 1980. Reflections on the history of pharmacology: The 1980 Kremers award address. Pharm Hist. 22(4):131–140. 7528. Paris, J.A. 1812. Pharmacologia or the History of Medicinal Substances. London: Bayley. 7529. Rubin, R.P. 2007. A brief history of great discoveries in pharmacology: In celebration of the centennial anniversary of the founding of the American Society of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Pharmacol Rev. 59(4):289–359. 7530. Shuster, L. (Ed.). 1962. Readings in Pharmacology. Boston: Little, Brown & Co. 7531. Stannard, J. 1961. Hippocratic pharmacology. Bull Hist Med. 35:497–518. 7532. Whaley, T.E. 2008. A beginner’s brief encounter with early 19th century pharmacology. Pharm Hist. 38(2):29–32.

Clinical Trials

7533. Bansal, P., et al. 2015. Tragedies in clinical trials: A history wrapped up. Int J Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 4(3):169–178.

Pharmacology

7534. Bothwell, L.E. and Podlosky, S.H. 2016. The emergence of the randomized, controlled trial. N Engl J Med. 375:501–504. 7535. Bull, J.P. 1959. The historical development of clinical therapeutic trials. J Chronic Dis. 10(3):218–248. 7536. Day, S. 1999. Dictionary for Clinical Trials. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 7537. DeMets, D.L. and Califf, R.M. 2011. A historical perspective on clinical trials innovation and leadership: Where have the academics gone? JAMA. 305(7):713–714. 7538. de Souza Leão, L. and Eyal, G. 2019. The rise of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in international development in historical perspective. Theory and Society. 48:383–418. 7539. Eichler, H-G. and Sweeney, F. 2018. The evolution of clinical trials: Can we address the challenges of the future? Clinical Trials. 15(S1):27–32. 7540. Fisher, L.D. 1999. Advances in clinical trials in the 20th century. Annu Rev Public Health. 20:109–124. 7541. Herr, H.W. 2005. Franklin, Lavoisier, and Mesmer: Origin of the controlled clinical trial. Urolog Oncol. 23:346–351. 7542. Hunninghake, D.B., et al. 1987. Recruitment experience in clinical trials: Literature summary and annotated bibliography. Control Clin Trials. 8(4 S1):6–30. 7543. Jenkins, J. and Hubbard, S. 1991. History of clinical trials. Semin Oncol Nurs. 7(4):228–234. 7544. Kaptchuk, T. 1998. Intentional ignorance: A history of blind assessment and placebo controls in medicine. Bull Hist Med. 72(3):389–433. 7545. Liu, K.A. and Dipietro Mager, N.A. 2016. Women’s involvement in clinical trials: Historical perspective and future implications. Pharm Pract. 14(1):708. 7546. Lovato, L.C., et al. 1997. Recruitment for controlled clinical trials: Literature summary and annotated bibliography. Control Clin Trials. 18(4):328–352. 7547. McCarthy, C.R. 1994. Historical background of clinical trials involving women and minorities. Acad Med. 69(9):695–698. 7548. Meldrum, M.L. 2000. A brief history of the randomized clinical trial: From oranges and lemons to the gold standard. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 14(4):745–760.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7549. Merkatz, R.B. 1998. Inclusion of women in clinical trials: A historical overview of scientific ethical and legal issues. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 27(1):78–84. 7550. Mirza, R.D., et al. 2017. The history and development of N-of-I trials. J R Soc Med. 110(8):330–340. 7551. Moberg, J. and Kramer, M. 2015. A brief history of the cluster of randomized trial design. J R Soc Med. 108(5):192–198. 7552. Moher, D., et al. 1995. Assessing the quality of randomized controlled trials: An annotated bibliography of scales and checklists. Control Clin Trials. 16(1):67–73. 7553. Nellhaus, E.M. and Davies, T.H. 2017. Evolution of clinical trials throughout history. Marshall Medical Journal. 3(1):43– 48. 7554. Thiers, F.A., et al. 2008. Trends in the globalization of clinical trials. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 7:13–14. 7555. Tsay, M.Y. and Yang, Y.H. 2005. Bibliometric analysis of the literature of randomized controlled trials. J Med Libr Assoc. 93(4):450. 7556. Vandenbroucke, J.P. 1987. A short note on the history of the randomized controlled trial. J Chronic Dis. 40(10):985–987. 7557. van Rosmalen, J., et al. 2018. Including historical data in the analysis of clinical trials: Is it worth the effort? Stat Meth Med Res. 27(10):3167–3182.

Drug Discovery and Drug Research 7558. Ahmad, Z., et al. 2011. History of drug discovery: Early evaluation studies and lessons learnt from them. Prog Repsir Res. 40:2–9. 7559. Dias, D.A., et al. 2012. An historical overview of natural products in drug discovery. Metabolites. 2:303–336. 7560. Drews, J. 2000. Drug discovery: A historical perspective. Science. 287(5460):1960–1964. 7561. Gerald, M.C. 2013. The Drug Book: From Arsenic to Xanax, 250 Milestones in the History of Drugs. New York: Sterling Publishing Co. 7562. Gershell, L.J. and Atkins, J.H. 2003. A brief history of novel drug discovery technologies. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2:321–327.

Pharmacology

7563. Hoch, J.H. 1959. Bibliographical materials in English relating to the history of pharmacognosy. Am J Pharma Educ. 23:154– 160. 7564. Hughes, J.P., et al. 2011. Principles of early drug discovery. Br J Pharmacol. 162(6):1239–1249. 7565. Jones, A.W. 2011. Early drug discovery and the rise of pharmaceutical chemistry. Drug Test Anal. 3(6):337–344. 7566. Kraemer, H. 1912. Rise and development of pharmacognosy. Pharmaceutical Era. 45:633–636. 7567. Kwong, E. 2015. Advancing drug discovery: A pharmaceutics perspective. J Pharm Sci. 104(3):865–871. 7568. Maehle, A.H. 2004. Receptive substances: John Newport Langley (1852–1925) and his path to a receptor theory of drug action. Med Hist. 48(2):153–174. 7569. Parascandola, J. and Jasensky, R. 1974. Origins of the receptor theory of drug action. Bull Hist Med. 48(2):199–220. 7570. Park, K. 2016. Drug delivery of the future: Chasing the invisible gorilla. J Control Release. 240:2–8. 7571. Peppas, N.A. 2013. Historical perspective on advanced drug delivery: How engineering design and mathematical modeling helped the field mature. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 65(1):5–9. 7572. Pina, A.S., et al. 2009. An historical overview of drug discovery. Methods Mol Biol. 572:3–12. 7573. Scheindlin, S. 2004. Transdermal drug delivery: Past, present, future. Mol Interv. 4(6):308. 7574. Sneader, W. 2005. Drug Discovery: A History. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons. 7575. van De Waterbeemd, H. 1992. The history of drug research: From Hansch to the present. Mol Inform. 11(2):200–204. 7576. Yun, Y.H., et al. 2015. Controlled drug delivery: Historical perspective for the next generation. J Control Release. 219: 2–7.

Pharmacology Specialties

7577. Aronson, J.K. 1999. The past, present and future of clinical pharmacology (Editor’s View). Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 55(8):553–557.

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7578. Atkinson, A.J., Jr. and Lalonde, R.L. 2007. Introduction of quantitative methods in pharmacology and clinical pharmacology: A historical overview (Editorial). Clin Pharmacol Ther. 82(1):3–6. 7579. Bass, A., et al. 2004. Origins, practices, and future of safety pharmacology. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 49:145–151. 7580. Bass, A.S., et al. 2015. A historical view and vision into the future of the field of safety pharmacology. In Principles of Safety Pharmacology (pp. 3–45). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. 7581. Baumeister, A.A. and Hawkins, M.F. 2010. Toward standardized usage of the word serendipity in the historiography of psychopharmacology. J Hist Neurosci. 19(3):253–270. 7582. Bynum, W.F. 1970. Chemical structure and pharmacological action: A chapter in the history of 19th century molecular pharmacology. Bull Hist Med. 44(6):518–538. 7583. Crane, G.E. 1973. Clinical psychopharmacology in its 20th year. Science. 181(4095):124–128. 7584. Drollery, C.T. 2006. Clinical pharmacology: The first 75 years and a view of the future. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 61(6):650–665. 7585. Gesztelyi, R., et al. 2012. The Hill equation and the origin of quantitative pharmacology. Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 66:427–438. 7586. Gilani, A.H. 2005. Trends in ethnopharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol. 100(1–2):43–49. 7587. Gold, H. 1967. Clinical pharmacology: Historical note (Guest Editorial). J Clin Pharmacol. 7(6):309–311. 7588. Gollub, L.R. and Brady, J.V. 1965. Behavioral pharmacology. Annu Rev Pharmacol. 5(1):235–262. 7589. Healy, D. 2002. The Creation of Psychopharmacology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 7590. Holmstedt, B. 1991. Historical perspective and future of ethnopharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol. 32:7–24. 7591. Krekels, E.H., et al. 2015. Pediatric pharmacology: Current efforts and future goals to improve clinical practice (Editorial). Exp Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 11(11):1679–1682. 7592. Kršiak, M. (1991). Ethnopharmacology: A historical perspective. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 15(4):439–445.

Pharmacology

7593. Laties, V.G. 2014. Lessons from the history of behavioral pharmacology. Advances in Behavioral Pharmacology. 5:21– 31. 7594. Miller, R.R. 1981. History of clinical pharmacy and clinical pharmacology. J Clin Pharmacol. 21(4):195–197. 7595. Miller, W.A., et al. 1992. Recognition of pharmacotherapy as a pharmacy practice specialty: An historical account and view of the future. Pharmacotherapy. 12(6):475–476. 7596. Mukherjee, P.K., et al. 2010. Ethnopharmacology and integrative medicine: Let the history tell the future. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 1(2):100–109. 7597. Pickens, R. 1977. Behavioral pharmacology: A brief history. Adv Behav Pharmacol. 1:229–257. 7598. Stein, D.J. 2008. Philosophy of Psychopharmacology. Cambridge University Press. 7599. Taylor, J. and Durant, J. 1985. Bibliography of theoretical calculations in molecular pharmacology. Journal of Molecular Graphics. 3(4):158–165. 7600. Udkow, G. 1978. Pediatric clinical pharmacology: A practical review. Am J Dis Child. 132(10):1025–1032. 7601. Wilson, J.T. 1993. Pediatric pharmacology: The path clears for a noble mission. J Clin Pharmacol. 33(3):210–212. 7602. Yaffe, S.J. 2003. Pediatric pharmacology: Its time has come. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 8(1):10–12.

Pharmacoepidemiology, Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacometrics, and Pharmacovigilance 7603. Barrett, J.S., et al. 2008. Pharmacometrics: A multidisciplinary field to facilitate critical thinking in drug development and translational research settings. J Clin Pharmacol. 48:632–649. 7604. Bégaud, B. 2019. A history of pharmacoepidemiology. Therapie. 74(2):175–179. 7605. Caron, J., et al. 2016. The history of pharmacovigilance. Therapie. 71(2):129–134. 7606. Donovan, M.J. 2010. Legal issues stemming from the advancement of pharmacogenomics. UCLA Journal of Law & Technology. 14(1):31–65.

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7607. Ette, E.I. and Williams, P.J. (Eds.). 2013. Pharmacometrics: The Science of Quantitative Pharmacology. John Wiley and Sons. 7608. Fornasier, G., et al. 2018. An historical overview over Pharmacovigilance. Int J Clin Pharm. 40(4):744–747. 7609. Jones, J.K. 2001. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacoepidemiology. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 10(5):457–461. 7610. Jones, J.K., et al. 2012. Pharmacoepidemiology: Defining the field and its core content. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 21:677–689. 7611. Kalow, W. 2006. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics: Origin, status, and the hope for personalized medicine. Pharmacogenomics J. 6(3):162–165. 7612. Laporte, J.R. and Diogene, E. 2015. Pharmacoepidemiology: Lights and shadows. Bulletin de l’Academie Nationale de Medecine. 199(2–3):281–288. 7613. Lawson, D.H. 1984. Pharmacoepidemiology: A new discipline. BMJ. 289(6450):940–941. 7614. Lindquist, M. 2007. The need for definitions in pharmacovigilance. Drug Saf. 30(10):825–830. 7615. Maitland-van der Zee, A.H., et al. 2000. The interface between pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacogenetics. Eur J Pharmacol. 410(2–3):121–130. 7616. Meyboom, R.H., et al. 1999. Pharmacovigilance in perspective. Drug Saf. 21(6):429–447. 7617. Olsson, St., et al. 2015. Pharmacovigilance in resource-limited countries. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 8(4):449–460. 7618. Pfister, M. and D’Argenio, D.Z. 2010. The emerging scientific discipline of pharmacometrics. J Clin Pharmacol. 50(S9):6S. 7619. Pfost, D.R., et al. 2000. A SNPshot: Pharmacogenetics and the future of drug therapy. Trends Biotechnol. 18(8):334–338. 7620. Pirmohamed, M. 2011. Pharmacogenetics: Past, present, and future. Drug Discov Today. 16(19–20):852–861. 7621. Pitts, P.J., et al. 2016. 21st century pharmacovigilance: Efforts, roles, and responsibilities. Lancet Oncol. 17(11):e486–e492.

Phrenology

7622. Streetman, D.S. 2007. Emergence and evolution of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics in clinical pharmacy over the past 40 years. Ann Pharmacother. 41(12):2038–2041. 7623. Strom, B.L. 1987. The promise of pharmacoepidemiology. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 27(1):71–86. 7624. Szarfman, A., et al. 2004. Pharmacovigilance in the 21st century: New systematic tools for an old problem (Editorial). Pharmacotherapy. 24(9):1099–1104. 7625. Van Grootheest, K. 2003. The dawn of pharmacovigilance. Int J Pharmaceut Med. 17(5–6):195–200. 7626. Vicini, P. and Smith, B.P. 2014. Whither pharmacometrics? Present state and future choices. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 95(6):567–571. 7627. Wagner, J.G. 1981. History of pharmacokinetics. Pharmac Ther. 12:537–562. 7628. Waller, P.C. and Evans, S.J. 2003. A model for the future conduct of pharmacovigilance. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 12(1):17–29.

Phrenology 7629. Cornel, T. 2017. Something old, something new, something pseudo, something true: Pejorative and deferential references to phrenology since 1840. Proc Am Philos Soc. 161(4):299– 332. 7630. Jones, O.P., et al. 2018. An empirical, 21st century evaluation of phrenology. Cortex. 106:26–35. 7631. Nofre i Mateo, D. 2006. At the centre of all gazes: An approach to the historiography of phrenology. Dynamis. 93–124. [Spanish] 7632. Raichle, M.E. 1999. Modern phrenology: Maps of human cortical function. Ann NY Acad Sci. 882(1):107–118. 7633. Sysling, F. 2021. Phrenology and the average person, 1840– 1940. Hist Hum Sci. 34(2):27–45.

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Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Physiatry) 7634. Atanelov, L., et al. 2–15. History of physical medicine and rehabilitation and its ethical dimensions. AMA J Ethics. 17(6):568–574. 7635. Bennett, R.L. 1952. The training of the physiatrist. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 33(10):585–588. 7636. Colman, W. 1992. Maintaining autonomy: The struggle between occupational therapy and physical medicine. Am J Occup Therapy. 46(1):63–70. 7637. Dawson, P.U. 2009. A new discipline in medicine, physiatry: Physical medicine and rehabilitation. West Indian Med J. 58(6):497. 7638. Fialka-Moser, V. 1999. Physical medicine and rehabilitation: Past-present-future. Disabil Rehab. 21(9):403–408. 7639. Flax, H.J. 2000. The future of physical medicine and rehabilitation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 79(1):79–86. 7640. Folz, T.J., et al. 1997. The history of physical medicine and rehabilitation as recorded in the diary of Dr. Frank Krusen. Part 2. Forging Ahead (1943–1947). Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 78(4):446–450. 7641. Fowler, W.M. 1982. Viability of physical medicine and rehabilitation in the 1980s. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 63(1): 1–5. 7642. Fredericson, M. 2012. On the horizon: Defining the future of sports medicine and the role of the physiatrist. PM R. 4(10):707–710. 7643. Glasbrenner, K. 1985. Need for physiatrists never greater than now. JAMA. 254(2):193–194. 7644. Johnson, E.W. 2001. The interventional physiatrist: A new subspecialist has been born! Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 80(1):3. 7645. Kottke, F.J. and Knapp, M.E. 1988. The development of physiatry before 1950. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 69:4–14. 7646. Krusen, F.H. 1946. History and development of physical medicine. Clinics. 4(6):1343–1355. 7647. Optiz, J.L., et al. 1997. The history of physical medicine and rehabilitation as recorded in the diary of Dr. Frank Krusen.

Podiatry

Part 1. Gathering momentum (The years before 1942). Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 78(4):442–445. 7648. Press, J. 2008. Physiatrist 2007: Who are we and where are we going? Arch Physical Med Rehabil. 89(1):1–3. 7649. Reinstein, L. 1994. Physical medicine and rehabilitation in the 21st century. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 75(1):1–2. 7650. Snow, W.B. 1954. The physiatrist: His problems, perspective, and prospects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 35(10):619–621.

Physiognomy

7651. Berndorfer, A. 1958. Historical sketch of the study of physiognomy studied from the psychosomatic viewpoint. Ann Med Psychol (Paris). 2(2):286–294. 7652. Hartley, L. 2001. Physiognomy and the Meaning of Expression in Nineteenth Century Culture. New York: Cambridge University Press. 7653. Jenkinson, J. 1997. Face facts: A history of physiognomy from ancient Mesopotamia to the end of the 19th century. JBC. 24(3):2–7. 7654. Oommen, A. and Oommen, T. 2003. Physiognomy: A critical review. J Anat Soc India. 52(2):189–191.

Podiatry

7655. Bates, J.E. 1975. Podiatric medicine: History and education. Trans Stud Coll Physicians Phila. 43(1):30–33. 7656. Bristow, I. and Dean, T. 2003. Evidence-based practice: Its origins and future in the podiatry profession. Br J Podiatry. 6(2):43–47. 7657. Dagnall, J.C. 1976. The history of podiatry. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 66(12):944–947. 7658. Harrison-Blount, M., et al. 2019. The changing landscape of professional practice in podiatry, lessons to be learned from other professions about the barriers to change: A narrative review. J Foot Ankle Res. 12:23.

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7659 Levrio, J. 1992. The residency in podiatric medicine: A brief historical overview. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 82(11):560–565. 7660. Levrio, J. 2009. 2009. Podiatric medicine: A current assessment. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 99(1):65–72. 7661. Page, J.C. and Freeman, D. 2018. It’s not your father’s podiatry school. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 108(6):538–545.

Preventive Medicine

7662. Aita, V.A. and Crabtree, B. 2000. Historical reflections on current preventive practice. Prev Med. 30(1):5–16. 7663. Harlow, Lord Taylor of. 1980. The natural history of preventive medicine, or breaking chains of causation. BMJ. 281:849–853. 7664. Newman, G. 1932. The Rise of Preventive Medicine. London: Oxford University Press. 7665. Newsholme, A. 1927. Evolution of Preventive Medicine. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 7666. Newsholme, A. 1929. The Story of Modern Preventive Medicine. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 7667. Pequegnat, L.A. 1925. A brief outline of preventive medicine. Pub Health J. 16(9):417–421. 7668. Rosen, G. 1975. Historical evolution of primary prevention. Bull NY Acad Med. 51:9–26. 7669. Taylor, L. 1980. The natural history of preventive medicine, or breaking the chains of causation. BMJ. 281:849–853. 7670. Wain, H. 1970. A History of Preventive Medicine. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 7671. Whayne, T. F. 1959. The history of preventive medicine in World War II. Public Health Rep. 74(2):170–174.

Proctology

7672. Blanchard, C.E. 1938. The Romance of Proctology: Which is the Story of the History and Development of This Much Neglected Branch of Surgery from Its Earliest Times to the Present Day,

Prosthetic Medicine

Including Brief Biographic Sketches of Those Who Were Its Pioneers. Youngstown, OH: Medical Success Press. 7673. Glaser, S. 1969. Hippocrates and proctology. Pro R Soc Med. 62:12–13. 7674. Gupta, P.J. 2010. The role of quacks in the practice of proctology. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 14:795–798. 7675. Hayden, E.P. 1948. Proctology. N Engl J Med. 239:399–405. 7676. Maksimović, J. and Maksimović, M. 2012. From history of proctology. Arch Oncol. 21(1):28–33. 7677. Marti, M.C. 1990. The past and future of proctology. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 79(29–30):889–891. 7678. Whyte, A.H. 1946. Proctology past and present. Proc R Soc Med. 60:179–184.

Prosthetic Medicine 7679. Cochrane, H., et al. 2001. Lower limb amputation. Part 3. Prosthetics: A 10-year literature review. Prosthet Orthot Int. 25:21–28. 7680. Eshraghi, A., et al. 2013. 100 top-cited scientific papers in limb prosthetics. Biomed Eng Online. 12:119. 7681. Finch, J. 2011. The ancient origins of prosthetic medicine. Lancet. 377:548–549. 7682. Fliegel, O. and Feuer, S.G. 1966. Historical development of lower-extremity prostheses. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 47(5):275–285. 7683. Friedmann, L.W. 1972. Amputations and prostheses in primitive cultures. Bull Prosthet Res. 105–138. 7684. Geertzen, J.H.B., et al. 2001. Lower limb amputation. Part 2. Rehabilitation: A 10-year literature review. Prosthet Orthot Int. 25:14–20. 7685. Hernigou, P. 2013. Ambroise Paré IV: The early history of artificial limbs (from robotic to prostheses). Int Orthop. 37:1195–1197. 7686. Marks, A.A. 1912. Manual of Artificial Limbs. New York: Self Published.

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7687. Marks, L.J. and Michael, J.W. 2001. Artificial limbs. BMJ. 323:732–735. 7688. National Research Council. 1971. Amputees, Amputations and Artificial Limbs: An Annotated Bibliography, 1969–1970. Washington, D.C.: Division of Medical Sciences, Committee on Prosthetic-Orthotic Devices. 7689. Orr, J.F., et al. 1982. The history and development of artificial limbs. Engineering in Medicine. 11(4):155–161. 7690. Ott, K., et al. (Eds.) 2002. Artificial Parts, Practical Lives: Modern Histories of Prosthetics. New York: New York University Press. 7691. Persson, B. 2001. Lower limb amputation. Part 1. Amputation methods: A 10-year literature review. Prosthet Orthot Int. 25:7–13. 7692. Reznick, J.S. 2008. Beyond war and military medicine: Social factors in the development of prosthetics. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 89:188–193. 7693. Scholz, M.-S., et al. 2011. The use of composite materials in modern orthopaedic medicine and prosthetic devices: A review. Composites Science & Technology. 71:1791–1803. 7694. Sellegren, K.R. 1979. An early history of lower limb amputations and prostheses. Iowa Orthop J. 2:13–27. 7695. Thurston, A.J. 2007. Pare´ and prosthetics: The early history of artificial limbs. ANZ J Surg. 77:1114–1119. 7696. Wetz, H.H. and Gisbertz, D. 2000. Historical development of prosthetics for the lower limb. Orthopäde. 29(12):1018– 1032. [German] 7697. Wilson, A.B., Jr. 1970. Limb prosthetics—1970. Artif Limbs. 14(1):1–52. 7698. Wilson, A.B., Jr. 1972. The modern history of amputation surgery and artificial limbs. Orthoped Clin North Am. 3(2):267–285.

Psychiatry General History 7699. Ackerknecht, E.H. 1968. A Short History of Psychiatry, 2nd Edition. New York: Hafner Publishing Co.

Psychiatry

7700. Alexander, F.G. and Selesnick, S.T. 1966. The History of Psychiatry: An Evaluation of Psychiatric Thought and Practice from Prehistoric Times to the Present. New York: Harper & Row. 7701. Altschule, M.D. 1957. Roots of Modern Psychiatry: Essays in the History of Psychiatry. New York: Grune & Stratton. 7702. Bennett, S. 1996. The history of psychiatry: An opportunity for self-reflection and interdisciplinary dialogue. Psychiatry. 59(4):336–356. 7703. Berrios, G.E. 1994. Historiography of mental systems and diseases. Hist Psychiatry. 5(18):175–190. 7704. Beveridge, A. 2012. Reading about the history of psychiatry. Br J Psychiatry. 200:431–433. 7705. Borch-Jacobsen, M. 2001. Making psychiatry history: Madness as folie à plusieurs. Hist Hum Sci. 14(2):19–38. 7706. Braslow, J.T. therapeutics and the history of psychiatry. 74(4):794–802. Bull Hist Med. 74(4):794–802. 7707. Burnham, J.C. 2000. Jack Pressman and the future of the history of psychiatry. Bull Hist Med. 74(4):778–785. 7708. Claytor, A. 1993. A changing faith? A history of developments in radical critiques of psychiatry since the 1960s. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Sheffield. 7709. Das, A.K. 2002. Computers in psychiatry: A review of past programs and an analysis of historical trends. Psychiatr Q. 73(4):351–365. 7710. Diethelm, O. 1971. Medical Dissertations on Psychiatric Interest Published Before 1750. Basel: S. Karger. 7711. Doroshow, D., et al. 2018. New directions in the historiography of psychiatry. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 74(1):15–33. 7712. Dunlop, R. 2019. Mental health as history: Psychiatry, community, and general practice. Health & History. 21(2): 1–22. 7713. Eghigian, G. (Ed.). 2017. The Routledge History of Madness and Mental Health. New York: Routledge. 7714. Engstrom, E.J. 2012. History of psychiatry and its institutions. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 25(6):486–491. 7715. Farrar, C.B. 1908. Some origins in psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry. 64(3):523–552.

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7716. Galdston, I. (Ed.). 1967. Historic Derivations of Modern Psych. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co. 7717. Goshen, C.E. 1967. Documentary History of Psychiatry: A Source Book on Historical Principles. New York: Philosophical Library. 7718. Healy, D. 2014. Psychiatric diseases in history. Hist Psychiatry. V25(4):450–458. 7719. Hilton, C. 2019. Psychiatry past and present: Do we need history? BJ Psych Bull. 43(3):126–130. 7720. Hirshbein, L.D. 2004. History of women in psychiatry. Acad Psychiatry. 28(4):337–343. 7721. Hoff, P. 2000. Why a history of psychiatry? Hong Kong J Psychiatry. 10(4):1–4. 7722. Howells, J.G. (Ed.). 1974. World History of Psychiatry. New York: Brunner/Mazel. 7723. Hunter, R. and Macalpine, I. 1963. Three Hundred Years of Psychiatry 1535–1860. London: Oxford University Press. 7724. Kendler, K.S. 2009. An historical framework for psychiatric nosology. Psychol Med. 39:1935–1941. 7725. Kroll, J. 1995. Essay review: The historiography of the history of psychiatry. Philosophy Psychiatry Psychology. 2(3):267– 275. 7726. Martin, E. and Rhodes, L.A. 2004. Resources on the History of Psychiatry. Washington, D.C.: National Library of Medicine, History of Medicine Division. 7727. Marx, O.M. 1992. What is the history of psychiatry? Hist Psychiatry. 3:279–292. 7728. Merskey, H. 1994. Somatic treatments, ignorance, and the historiography of psychiatry. Hist Psychiatry. 5(19):387–391. 7729. Micale, M.S. and Porter, R. (Eds.). 1994. Discovering the History of Psychiatry. New York: Oxford University Press. 7730. Mora, G. 1965. The historiography of psychiatry and its development: A re-evaluation. J Hist Behav Sci. 1(1):43–52. 7731. Morreim, E.H. 1990. The new economics of medicine: Special challenges for psychiatry. J Med Philos. 15(1):97–119. 7732. Reynolds, C.F., et al. 2009. The future of psychiatry as clinical neuroscience. Acad Med. 84(4):446–450.

Psychiatry

7733. Riese, H. (Ed.) 1978. Historical Explorations in Medicine and Psychiatry. New York: Springer Publishing Co. 7734. Schneck, J.M. 1960. A History of Psychiatry. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 7735. Schneck, J.M. 1965. A biographical bibliography of psychiatry and neurology. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 53(3):420–421. 7736. Scull, A. 1991. Psychiatry and its historians. Hist Psychiatry. 2(7):239–250. 7737. Scull, A. 1994. Somatic treatments and the historiography of psychiatry. Hist Psychiatry. 5(17):1–12. 7738. Shorter, E. 1997. A History Of Psychiatry: From the Era of the Asylum to the Age of Prozac. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 7739. Shorter, E. 2005. A Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry. Oxford University Press. 7740. Simon, B. 1978. Mind and Madness in Ancient Greece: The Classical Roots of Modern Psychiatry. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. 7741. Szasz, T. 2009. Coercion as Cure: A Critical History of Psychiatry. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. 7742. Thielman, S.B. 1988. General aspects of the history of psychiatry. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 1(5):588–590. 7743. Thompson, C. (Ed.). 1987. The Origins of Modern Psychiatry. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. 7744. Tourney, G. 1967. A history of therapeutic fashions in psychiatry, 1800–1966. Am J Psychiatry. 124(6):784–796. 7745. Villafana, F. 2017. Coercion As Sure: A Critical History of Psychiatry. London: Routledge. 7746. Wallace, E.R. and Gach, J. (Eds.). 2010. History of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology: With an Epilogue on Psychiatry and the Mind-Body Relation. Springer Science & Business Media. 7747. Watson, R.L. 1978. The History of Psychology and the Behavioral Sciences: A Bibliographic Guide. New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Academic Psychiatry

7748. Belkin, G.S. and Fricchione, G.L. 2005. Internationalism and the future of academic psychiatry. Acad Psychiatry. 29(3):240–243.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7749. Kleinman, A. 2012. Rebalancing academic psychiatry: Why it needs to happen-and soon. Br J Psychiatry. 201(6):421–422. 7750. Pardes, H. and Pincus, H.A. 1983. Challenges to academic psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry. 140(9:1117–1126. 7751. Paulus, M.P. and Thompson, W.K. 2019. The challenges and opportunities of small effects: The new normal in academic psychiatry. JAMA Psychiatry. 76(4):353–354. 7752. Priebe, S., et al. 2013. The future of academic psychiatry may be social. Br J Psychiatry. 202(5):319–320. 7753. Roberts, L.W., et al. 2013. In celebration of the history of academic psychiatry. Acad Psychiatry. 37(6):369–374. 7754. Sabin, J.E. 1993. The moral myopia of academic psychiatry. Acad Psychiatry. 17(4):175–179.

Addiction Psychiatry 7755. Ahmed, S. and Stanciu, C. 2019. Career choices: Addiction psychiatry. Curr Psychiatry. 18(3):33. 7756. Berridge, V. 2016. Was addiction psychiatry an accident of history? Lancet Psychiatry. 3(10):927–928. 7757. Crome, I.B. 2001. Addiction research and the future of addiction psychiatry. Psychiatric Bull. 25(7):242–243. 7758. Frances, R.J. 2003. What’s new in addiction psychiatry? Am J Addict. 12(2):S1–S4. 7759. Galanter, M. and Frances, R. 1992. Addiction psychiatry: Challenges for a new psychiatric subspecialty. Psychiatric Serv. 43(11):1067–1072. 7760. Miller, S.I. 2009. Advances in addiction psychiatry. Am J Addict. 1(1):1.

Behavioral Psychiatry 7761. American Psychiatric Association. 1973. Behavior Therapy in Psychiatry (Task Force Report No. 5). Washington, D.C. 7762. Kazdin, A.E. and Wilson, G.T. 1978. Evaluation of Behavior Therapy: Issues, Evidence, and Research Strategies. Pensacola, FL: Ballinger.

Psychiatry

7763. Pichot, P. 1989. The historical roots of behavior therapy. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 20(2):107–114. 7764. Sapir, E. 1937. The contribution of psychiatry to an understanding of behavior in society. American Journal of Sociology. 42(6):862–870. 7765. Wallston, K.A. 2019. Historical perspective on behavioral medicine’s success in bringing different disciplines to the table. J Behav Med. 42(1):95–101.

Biological Psychiatry

7766. Ayd, F.J., Jr. and Blackwell, B. (Eds.). 1970. Discoveries in Biological Psychiatry. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott. 7767. Barondes, S.H. 1990. The biological approach to psychiatry: History and prospects. J Neurosci. 10(6):1707–1710. 7768. Guze, S.B. 1989. Biological psychiatry: Is there any other kind? Psychol Med. 19(2):315–323. 7769. Lipcsey, A. 2003. History of biological psychiatry and its relationship to neurology. Ideggyogyaszati szemle. 56(9– 10):319–320. [Hungarian]

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

7770. Chess, S. 1988. Child and adolescent psychiatry come of age: A 50-year perspective. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 27(1):1–7. 7771. Crutcher, R. 1943. Child psychiatry: A history of its development. Psychiatry. 6(2):191–201. 7772. Earls, F. 1979. Epidemiology and child psychiatry: Historical and conceptual development. Compr Psychiatry. 20(3):256– 269. 7773. Eisenberg, L. 1969. Child psychiatry: The past quarter century. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 39(3):389–401. 7774. Fabrega, H., Jr. and Miller, B. 1995. Adolescent psychiatry as a product of contemporary Anglo-American society. Soc Sci Med. 40(7):881–894. 7775. Graham, P.J. 1994. Paediatrics and child psychiatry: Past, present, and future. Acta Paediatrica. 83(8):880–883.

553

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7776. Kanner, L. 1944. The origins and growth of child psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry. 100(6):139–143. 7777. Kanner, L. 1960. Child psychiatry: Retrospect and prospect. Am J Psychiatry. 117(1):15–22. 7778. Lowrey, L.G. 1944. Psychiatry for children: A brief history of developments. Am J Psychiatry. 101(3):375–388. 7779. McCarthy, M., et al. 2009. Child and adolescent psychiatry for the future: Challenges and opportunities. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 32(1):213–226. 7780. Pao, M., et al. 2007. Pediatric psychosomatic medicine: An annotated bibliography. Psychosomatics. 48(3):195–204. 7781. Parry-Jones, W.L. 1989. The history of child and adolescent psychiatry: Its present-day relevance. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 30(1):3–11. 7782. Rutter, M. 1986. Child psychiatry: Looking 30 years ahead. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 27(6):803–840. 7783. Rutter, M. and Stevenson, J. 2008. Developments in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Over the Last 50 Years. Wiley-Blackwell. 7784. Stutte, H. 1975. History of the term “child psychiatry.” Acta Paedopsychiatr. 41(4–5):209–215. 7785. Walk, A. 1964. The pre-history of child psychiatry. Br J Psychiatry. 110(469):754–767.

Clinical Psychiatry 7786. Berrios, G.E. and Porter, E, Porter (Eds.). 1995. A History of Clinical Psychiatry: The Origin and History of Psychiatric Disorders. London: Athlone Press. 7787. Burns, A. 1985. How has clinical psychiatry changed? A historical perspective. BJ Psych Bull. 9(1):8–9. 7788. Noyes, A.P. 1940. Modern Clinical Psychiatry. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.

Community Psychiatry

7789. Daniels, R.S. 1966. Community psychiatry: A new profession, a developing subspecialty, or effective clinical psychiatry? Commun Ment Health J. 2(1):47–54.

Psychiatry

7790. Dunham, H.W. 1965. Community psychiatry: The newest therapeutic bandwagon. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 12(3):303–313. 7791. Ewalt, J.R. and Ewalt, P.L. 1969. History of the community psychiatry movement. Am J Psychiatry. 126(1):81–90.

Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry

7792. Dunbar, F. 1954. Emotions and Bodily Changes: A Survey of Literature on Psychosomatic Interrelationships 1910–1953, 4th Edition. New York: Columbia University Press. 7793. Grotjahn, M. 1944. Psychoanalytic contributions to psychosomatic medicine: A bibliography. Psychosom Med. 6(2):169–175. 7794. Lipowski, Z.J. 1986. Psychosomatic medicine: Past and present. Part I. Historical background. Can J Psychiatry. 31(1):2–7. 7795. Lipowski, Z.J. 1974. Consultation-liaison psychiatry: An overview. Am J Psychiatry. 131(6):623–630. 7796. Lyketos, C.G., et al. 2006. Psychosomatic medicine: A new psychiatric subspecialty in the U.S. focused on the interface between psychiatry and medicine. Eur J Psychiat. 20(3):165– 171. 7797. Schwab, J.J. 1989. Consultation-liaison psychiatry: A historical overview. Psychosomatics. 30(3):245–254. 7798. Wittkower, E.D. 1974. Historical perspective of contemporary psychosomatic medicine. Int J Psychiatry Med. 5(4):309–319.

Transcultural Psychiatry

7799. Bains, J. 2005. Race, culture, and psychiatry: A history of transcultural psychiatry. Hist Psychiatry. 16(2):139–154. 7800. Brody, E.B. 1970. The concerns of transcultural psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry. 30(2):179–182. 7801. Corin, E. and Bibeau, G. 1988. H.B.M. Murphy (1915–1987): A key figure in transcultural psychiatry. Cult Med Psychiatry. 12(3):397–415. 7802. Kortmann, F.A. 2008. Transcultural psychiatry: Developments in the past 25 years. Tijdschr Psychiatr. 50:145–149. [Dutch]

555

556

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7803. Lu, F.G. 2005. Annotated Bibliography on Cultural Psychiatry and Related Topics. San Francisco: University of California, Department of Psychiatry. 7804. Miyaji, N.T. 2002. Shifting identities and transcultural psychiatry. Transcult Psychiatry. 39(2):173–195. 7805. Murphy, H.B.M. 1973. Current trends in transcultural psychiatry. Proc R Soc Med. 66:19–25. 7806. Raymond, P. 2006. Origins and early mission of transcultural psychiatry: Some personal recollections. World Cultural Psychiatry Research Review. 1(1):6–11. 7807. Wittkower, E.D. and Fried, J. 1958. Some problems of transcultural psychiatry. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 3(4):245–252.

Developmental Psychiatry

7808. Bowlby, J. 1988. Developmental psychiatry comes of age. Am J Psychiatry. 145(1):1–10. 7809. Kanner, L. 1960. Arnold Gesell’s place in the history of developmental psychology and psychiatry. Psychiatr Res Rep. 13:1–9. 7810. Leckman, J.F. 2013. What’s next for developmental psychiatry? World Psychiatry. 12(2):125. 7811. Munir, K.M. and Beardslee, W.R. 1999. Developmental psychiatry: Is there any other kind? Harv Rev Psychiatry. 6(5):250–262. 7812. Solinski, S. 1989. Developmental psychiatry: A perspective. Aust NZ J Psychiatry. 23(2):197–206. 7813. Turk, J. 2005. The developmental psychiatry manifesto. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 10(4):617–621.

Dynamic Psychiatry 7814. Brown, P., et al. 1996. Janet and Freud: Revealing the roots of dynamic psychiatry. Aust NZ J Psychiatry. 30:480–491. 7815. Crabtree, A. 2003. “Automatism” and the emergence of dynamic psychiatry. J Hist Behav Sci. 39(1):51–70. 7816. Ellenberger, H.F. 1970. The Discovery of the Unconscious: The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books, Inc.

Psychiatry

7817. Kravis, N.M. 1988. James Braid’s Psychophysiology: A turning point in the history of dynamic psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry. 145(10):1191–1206. 7818. Stengel, E. 1954. The origins and the status of dynamic psychiatry. Br J Med Psychol. 27(4):193–200. 7819. Warme, G.E. 1984. An essay on contemporary dynamic psychiatry. Can J Psychiatry. 29(1):20–25.

Emergency Psychiatry

7820. Barton, G.M. 2008. Annotated bibliography of emergency psychiatry. Emerg Health Serv Rev. 3(2–3):327–380. 7821. Bristol, J.H., et al. 1981. Trends in emergency psychiatry in the last two decades. Am J Psychiatry. 138(5):623–628. 7822. Bruffaerts, R., et al. 2008. Emergency psychiatry in the 21st century: Critical issues for the future. J Emerg Med. 15:276– 278. 7823. Castaigne, P. 1962. Emergency psychiatry: Introduction. Rev Prat. 12:3231–3234. [French] 7824. Ellison, J. M., et al. 1989. An emergency psychiatry update. Psychiatr Serv. 40(3):250–260. 7825. Friedman, R.S., et al. 1986. The development of emergency psychiatry. Emerg Health Serv Rev. 3(2–3):3–8. 7826. Lofchy, J., et al. 2015. Emergency psychiatry: Clinical and training approaches. Can J Psychiatry. 60(7):1–7. 7827. Munizza, C., et al. 1993. Emergency psychiatry: A review of the literature. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 88(374):51.

Forensic Psychiatry

7828. Arboleda-Florez, J. 2005. Contemporary forensic psychiatry: A review. Adv Psychiatry. 2:173–179. 7829. Bursztajn, H.J., et al. 1994. The rebirth of forensic psychiatry in light of recent historical trends in criminal responsibility. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 17(3):611–635. 7830. Cordess, C. 1992. Pioneers in forensic psychiatry. Edward Glover (1888–1972): Psychoanalysis and crime-A fragile legacy. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry. 3(3):509–530.

557

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7831. Grisso, T. 1993. The differences between forensic psychiatry and forensic psychology. Bull Am Acad Psychiatr Law. 21(2):133–145. 7832. Gutheil, T.G. 2005. The history of forensic psychiatry. JAAPL. 33:259–262. 7833. Prentice, S.E. 1995. A history of sub specialization in forensic psychiatry. Bull Am Acad Psychiatr Law. 23(2):195–203. 7834. Sadoff, R. (Ed.). 2015. The Evolution of Forensic Psychiatry: History, Current Developments, Future Directions. Oxford University Press. 7835. Skålevåg, S.A. 2006. The matter of forensic psychiatry: A historical enquiry. Med Hist. 50(1):49–68.

Geriatric Psychiatry

7836. Kalayam, B. and Shamoian, C.A. 1990. Geriatric psychiatry: An update. J Clin Psychiatry. 51(5):177–183. 7837. Laks, J. and Engelhardt, E. 2010. Peculiarities of geriatric psychiatry: A focus on aging and depression. CNS Neurosci Ther. 16(6):374–379. 7838. Rabins, P.V. and Black, B.S. 2010. Ethical issues in geriatric psychiatry. Int Rev Psychiatry. 22(3):267–273. 7839. Robinson, R.A. 1972. The evolution of geriatric psychiatry. Med Hist. 16(2):184–193. 7840. Rutherford, B.R., et al. 2017. Biological aging and the future of geriatric psychiatry. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 72(3):343– 352. 7841. Sadavoy, J.E., et al. 1996. Comprehensive Review of Geriatric Psychiatry. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.

Military Psychiatry

7842. Cozza, K.L. and Hales, R.E. 1991. Psychiatry in the Army: A brief historical perspective and current developments. Psychiatr Serv. 42(4):413–418. 7843. Jones, E. and Wessely, S. 2003. ‘Forward psychiatry’ in the military: Its origins and effectiveness. J Trauma Stress. 16(4):411–419.

Psychiatry

7844. Jones, E. and Wessely, S. 2005. Shell Shock to PTSD: Military Psychiatry from 1900 to the Gulf War. London: Psychology Press. 7845. Jones, E. and Wessely, S. 2014. Battle for the mind: World War 1 and the birth of military psychiatry. Lancet. 384:1708– 1714. 7846. Jones, F.D. and Hales, R.E. 1987. Military combat psychiatry: A historical review. Psychiatric Annals. 17(8):525–527. 7847. Roos, C. and Barry, J. 1959. Bibliography of Military Psychiatry 1952–1958 (PHS Publication No. 693/Bibliography Series No. 27). Washington, D.C.: National Library of Medicine.

Neuropsychiatry

7848. Berrios, G.E. and Marková, I.S. 2002. Assessment and measurement in neuropsychiatry: A conceptual history. Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry. 7(1):3–10. 7849. Berrios, G.E. and Marková, I.S. 2002. The concept of neuropsychiatry: A historical overview. J Psychosom Res. 53(2):629–638. 7850. Poenitz, K. 1960. Neuropsychiatry, psychiatry, and neurology. A short historical retrospect and prospect. Psychiatr Neurol Med Psychol (Leipz). 12:281–284. [German] 7851. Sachdev, P. and Mohan, A. 2017. An international curriculum for neuropsychiatry and behavioural neurology. Rev Colomb Psiquiat. 46(S1):18–27. 7852. Trimble, M. 2016. The Intentional Brain: Motion, Emotion, and the Development of Modern Neuropsychiatry. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Occupational Psychiatry

7853. Alkhatib, A. 2006. Occupational psychiatry has evolved over time. Psychiatric Annals. 36(11):784–785. 7854. Burling, T. 1969. Occupational psychiatry. Historical and philosophical reflections. Int Psychiatry Clin. 6(4):7–11. 7855. Emch, M. 1935. The role of occupational therapy in modern psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry. 92(1):207–214.

559

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7856. Greiff, B.S. 1978. The history of occupational psychiatry. Psychiatr Opin. 15(12):10–18. 7857. Markowe, M. 1953. Occupational psychiatry: An historical survey and some recent research. J Mental Sci. 99(414):92– 102. 7858. O’Flynn, R.R. and Waldron, H.A. 1990. Delpech and the origins of occupational psychiatry. J Occup Environ Med. 47(3):189– 198. 7859. Quick, J.C. 1999. Occupational health psychology: Historical roots and future directions. Health Psychol. 18(1):82.

Perinatal Psychiatry

7860. Boyce, P. 2017. 50 years of perinatal psychiatry. Aust NZ J Psychiatry. 51(9):860–862. 7861. Freeman, M.P. 2012. The tenets of perinatal psychiatry. J Clin Psychiatry. 73(2):233–234. 7862. Freeman, M.P. 2014. Perinatal psychiatry: An emerging specialty. J Clin Psychiatry. 75(10):1086–1087. 7863. Humphreys, J., et al. 2016. Perinatal psychiatry: A new specialty or everyone’s business? BJ Psych Adv. 22:363–372. 7864. Luauté, J.P., et al. 2010. Louis-Victor Marcé (1828–1864): The beginnings of perinatal Psychiatry. Devenir. 22(4):339–359. [French]

Rehabilitation Psychiatry

7865. Anthony, W.A. and Liberman, R.P. 1986. The practice of psychiatric rehabilitation: Historical conceptual and research base. Schizophr Bull. 12:542–559. 7866. Eplov, L.F., et al. 2005. Recovery and rehabilitation in the field of psychiatry: Old wine in new bottles or a new concept with fresh content? Ugeskr Laeger. 167(11):1269. [Danish] 7867. Gopinath, P.S. and Rao, K. 1994. Rehabilitation in psychiatry: An overview. Indian J Psychiatr. 36(2):49–60. 7868. Rössler, W. 2006. Psychiatry rehabilitation today: An overview. World Psychiatry. 5(3):151–157.

Psychiatry

7869. Wexler, H. 1950. Psychiatry and rehabilitation in a military setting. Am J Psychiatry. 106(11):812–815.

Social Psychiatry

7870. Arthur, R.J. 1973. Social psychiatry: An overview. Am J Psychiatry. 130(8):841–849. 7871. Bell, N.W. and Spiegel, J.P. 1966. Social psychiatry: Vagaries of a term. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 14(4):337–345. 7872. Hack K., et al. 2012. History of social psychiatry. Curr Opin Psychiatr. 25:492–496. 7873. Johnson, R. and Haigh, R. 2010. Social psychiatry and social policy for the 21st century–new concepts for new needs: The ‘psychologically-informed environment’. Mental Health & Social Inclusion. 14(4):30–35. 7874. Rennie, T.A. 1955. Social psychiatry: A definition. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1(1):5–13. 7875. Uchtenhagen, A.A. 2008. Which future for social psychiatry? Int Rev Psychiatry. 20(6):535–539.

Sports Psychiatry 7876. Bär, K.J. and Markser, V.Z. 2013. Sport specificity of mental disorders: The issue of sport psychiatry. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 263(S2):205–210. 7877. Baron, D., et al. 2013. Clinical Sports Psychiatry: An International Perspective. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. 7878. Baum, A. 2014. The emerging field of sports psychiatry: A new niche for psychiatric practice. Psychiatric Times. 31(5):32G. 7879. Begel, D. 1992. An overview of sport psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry. 149(5):606–614. 7880. Begel, D. 2016. Sport psychiatry twenty-four years later (Editorial). Int Rev Psychiatry. 28(6):547–550. 7881. Deimel, H. 1983. Current status of physical and sports therapy in psychiatry. Rehabilitation (Stuttg). 22(3):114– 118. [German] 7882. Glick, I.D., et al. 2009. The evolution of sport psychiatry, circa 2009. Sports Med. 39(8):607–613.

561

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Psychology General History 7883. Baldwin, J.M. 1913. History of Psychology: A Sketch and an Interpretation. Volume 1. From the Earliest Times to John Locke. London: Watts & Co. 7884. Beers, S.E. 1996. Psychology: An Introductory Bibliography. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. 7885. Benjafield, J.G. 1996. A History of Psychology. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. 7886. Benjamin, L.T. 1997. A History of Psychology: Original Sources and Contemporary Research. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company. 7887. Benjamin, L.T. 2006. A History of Psychology in Letters. Malden, MA: Blackwell. 7888. Beutler, L.G., et al. 2004. A history of combined-integrated doctoral training in psychology. J Clin Psychol. 60(9):911– 927. 7889. Bos, J. 2009. The rise and decline of character: Humoral psychology in ancient and early modern medical theory. Hist Hum Sci. 22(3):29–50. 7890. Brennan, J.F. 1986. History and Systems of Psychology. New York: Prentice-Hall. 7891. Brožek, J. and Pongratz, L.J. 1980. Historiography of Modern Psychology. Toronto: C.J. Hogrefe, Inc. 7892. Danziger, K. 1994. Does the history of psychology have a future? Theory & Psychology. 4(4):467–484. 7893. de Freitas Araujo, S. 2017. Toward a philosophical history of psychology: An alternative path for the future. Theory & Psychology (Lond). 27(1):87–107. 7894. Dennis, W. 1948. Readings in the History of Psychology (The Century Psychology Series, Elliott, R.M., Ed.) New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc. 7895. Dessoir, M. 1912. Outlines of the History of Psychology (Authorized Translation by Donald Fisher). New York: The Macmillan Co.

Psychology

7896. Diamond, S. 1974. The Roots of Psychology: A Sourcebook in the History of Ideas. New York: Basic Books. 7897. Esper, E.A. 1964. A History of Psychology. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co. 7898. Fierro, C., et al. 2019. Science and technology studies and historiography of psychology: Towards a critical analysis. Trends in Psychology. 27(4):943–959. [Spanish Abstract/ English] 7899. Gagen, E.A. 2006. From soul to psyche: Historical geographies of psychology and space. Environment and Planning D: Society & Space. 24:791–797. 7900. Goodey, C.F. 2001. From natural disability to the moral man: Calvinism and the history of psychology. History of the Human Sciences. 14(3):1–29. 7901. Hergenhahn, B.R. 1976. An Introduction to the History of Psychology. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. 7902. Herrnstein, R.J. and Boring, E.G. 1965. A Source Book in the History of Psychology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 7903. Hilgard, E.R., et al. 1991. The history of psychology: A survey and critical assessment. Annu Rev Psychol. 42:79–107. 7904. Hothersall, D. 1984. History of Psychology. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 7905. Jackson, S.W. 1999. Care of the Psyche: A History of Psychological Healing. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 7906. Kendler, H.H. 1987. Historical Foundations of Modern Psychology. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 7907. Klemm, O., et al. 1914. A History of Psychology. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. 7908. Krampen, G. 2016. Scientometric trend analyses of publications on the history of psychology: Is psychology becoming an unhistorical science? Scientometrics. 106:1217– 1238. 7909. Leahey, T.H. 1991. A History of Modern Psychology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. 7910. Louttit, C.M. 1928. Bibliography of Bibliographies on Psychology, 1900–1927 (Bulletin No. 65). Washington, D.C.: National Research Council.

563

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7911. Misiak, H. and Sexton, V.S. 1966. History of Psychology: An Overview. New York: Grune & Stratton. 7912. Moore, J.S. 1921. The Foundations of Psychology. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 7913. Osier, D.V. and Wozniak, R.H. 1983. A Century of Special Publications in Psychology 1850–1950: An International Bibliography. Millwood, NY: Kraus International Publications. 7914. Peters, R.S. (Ed.). 1965. Brett’s History of Psychology. Cambridge: MIT Press. 7915. Pickren. W.E. and Rutherford, A. 2010. A History of Modern Psychology in Context. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. 7916. Pillsbury, W.B. 1929. The History of Psychology. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd. 7917. Rand, B. 1905. Bibliography of Philosophy, Psychology, and Cognate Subjects. London: The Macmillan Co. 7918. Robinson, D.N. 1995. An Intellectual History of Psychology, 3rd Edition. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. 7919. Robinson, D.N. 2013. Historiography in psychology: A note on ignorance. Theory & Psychology. 23(6):819–828. 7920. Shiraev, E. 2014. A History of Psychology: A Global Perspective. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. 7921. Smith, R. 1988. Does the history of psychology have a subject? Hist Hum Sci. 1(2):147–177. 7922. Smith, R. 2005. The history of psychological categories. Stud Hist Phil Biol Biomed Sci. 36(1):55–94. 7923. Vidal, F. 1993. Psychology in the 18th century: A view from the encyclopedias. Hist Hum Sci. 6(1):89–119. 7924. Wango, G. 2017. History and systems of psychology: Timelines in the development of contemporary psychology. J Psychol Behav Sci. 5(2):29–43. 7925. Weimer, W.B. 1974. The history of psychology and its retrieval from historiography. I. The problematic nature of history. Science Studies. 4:235–258. 7926. Weimer, W.B. 1974. The history of psychology and its retrieval from historiography. II. Some lessons for the methodology of scientific research. Science Studies. 4(4):367–396.

Psychology

7927. Wertz, F.J. 1998. The role of the humanistic movement in the history of psychology. J Humanist Psychol. 38(1):42–70. 7928. Ye, H.S. 2008. Historiography of psychology: Challenges of postmodernism. Acta Psychol Sin. 40(05):626–632.

Abnormal Psychology

7929. Davison, G.C. and Neale, J.M. 1974. Abnormal Psychology: An Experimental Clinical Approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 7930. Leunes, A. 1974. Contributions to the history of psychology. XX. A review of selected aspects of texts in abnormal psychology. Psychol Rep. 35:1319–1326. 7931. Prilleltensky, I. 1990. The politics of abnormal psychology: Past, present, and future. Polit Psychol. 11(4):767–785. 7932. Weckowicz, T.E. and Liebel-Weckowicz, H. 1990. A History of Great Ideas in Abnormal Psychology. Elsevier.

Pediatric Psychology

7933. Anderson, J.E. 1930. Pediatrics and child psychology. JAMA. 95:1015–1020. 7934. Drotar, D. 1991. Coming of age: Critical challenges to the future development of pediatric psychology. J Pediatr Psychol. 16:1–11. 7935. Genik, L.M., et al. 2014. Historical analysis in pediatric psychology: The influence of societal and professional conditions on two early pediatric psychology articles and the field’s subsequent development. J Pediatr Psychol. 40(2):167– 174. 7936. Hooper, F.H. 1988. The history of child psychology as seen through handbook analysis. Hum Dev. 31:176–184. 7937. Leunes, A. 1974. Contributions to the history of psychology: XIX. A review of selected aspects of texts in child psychology. Psychol Rep. 35(3):1291–1298. 7938. Mesibov, G.B. 1984. Evolution of pediatric psychology: Historical roots to future trends. J Pediatr Psychol. 9(1):3–11.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Applied Psychology 7939. Geissler, L.R. 1917. What is applied psychology? J Appl Psychol. 1:46–60. 7940. Leadbetter, J. and Arnold, C. 2013. A hundred years of applied psychology. Psychologist. 26(9):696–698. 7941. Leary, D.B. 1921. Applied Psychology: An Outline and Bibliography. University of Buffalo. 7942. Roe, R.A. Time in applied psychology. The study of ‘what happens’ rather than ‘what is.’ Eur Psychol. 13(1):37–52. 7943. Schönpflug, W. 1992. Applied psychology: Newcomer with a long tradition. Appl Psychol. 42(1):5–66. 7944. Wang, M. and Wanberg, C.R. 2017. 100 Years of applied psychology research on individual careers: From career management to retirement. J Appl Psychol. 102(3):546–563.

Aviation and Aerospace Psychology

7945. Koonce, J.M. 1984. A brief history of aviation psychology. Hum Factors. 26(5):499–508. 7946. O’Hare, D. and Lawrence, B. 2000. The shape of aviation psychology: A review of articles published in the first 5 years of the International Journal of Aviation Psychology. Int J Aviat Psychol. 10(1):1–11. 7947. Parker, J.B. 1987. Aviation clinical psychology. Mil Med. 152(7):348–350. 7948. Vakoch, D.A. (Ed.). 2011. Psychology in Space Exploration: Contemporary Research in Historical Perspective (NASASP-2011-4411). Washington, D.C.: NASA, Office of Communications, History Program Office. 7949. Vidulich, M.A., et al. (Eds.). 2014. Advances in Aviation Psychology, Volume 1. London: Routledge. 7950. Vidulich, M.A., et al. (Eds.). 2016. Advances in Aviation Psychology, Volume 2. London: Routledge.

Behavioral and Cognitive Psychology

7951. Angell, J.R. 1913. Behavior as a category of psychology. Psychol Rev. 20:255–270.

Psychology

7952. Burnham, J.C. 1968. On the origins of behaviorism. J Hist Behav Sci. 4:143–151. 7953. Danziger, K. 1999. Review of control: A history of behavioral psychology. Can Psychol. 40(3):272–273. 7954. Hoffman, R.R. and Deffenbacher, K.A. 1992. A brief history of applied cognitive psychology. Appl Cogn Psychol. 6(1):1–48. 7955. Malone, J.C. 2014. Did John B. Watson really ‘found’ behaviorism? Behav Anal. 37(1):1–12. 7956. Miller, G.A. 2003. The cognitive revolution: A historical perspective. Trends Cogn Sci. 7(3):141–144. 7957. Mills, J.A. 1998. Control: A History of Behavioral Psychology. New York: New York University Press. 7958. Morris, E.K., et al. 1990. The history of behavior analysis: Some historiography and a bibliography. The Behavioral Analyst. 13:131–158.

Clinical, Counseling and Experimental Psychology 7959. Allik, J. 2007. History of experimental psychology from an Estonian perspective. Psychol Res. 71(6):618–625. 7960. Boring, E.G. 1929. A History of Experimental Psychology. New York: The Century Co. 7961. Chapanis, A., et al. 1949. Applied Experimental Psychology. New York: Wiley. 7962. Cronbach, L.J. 1957. The two disciplines of scientific psychology. Am Psychol. 12:671–684. 7963. Goodyear, R.K., et al. 2000. Factors, trends, and topics in the evolution of counseling psychology training. Couns Psychol. 28(5):603–621. 7964. Nawas, M.M. 1972. Landmarks in the history of clinical psychology from its early beginnings through 1971. J Psychol. 82(1):91–110. 7965. Reisman, J.M. 1976. The Development of Clinical Psychology. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. 7966. Routh, D.K. 2000. Clinical psychology training: A history of ideas and practices prior to 1946. Am Psychol. 55(2):236– 241.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

7967. Strong, S.R., et al. 1992. Social psychology and counseling psychology: The history, products, and promise of an interface. Couns Psychol. 39(2):139–157. 7968. Watson, R.I. 1953. A brief history of clinical psychology. Psychol Bull. 50:321–346. 7969. Whiteley, J.M. 1984. Counseling Psychology: A Historical Perspective. Schenectady, NY: Character Research Press. 7970. Whiteley, J.M. 1999. The paradigms of counseling psychology. Couns Psychol. 27(1):14–31. 7971. Zouch, S. 2020. Role and distinctions in counseling psychology and clinical psychology. Clin Exp Psychol. 7(7):262.

Conservation, Ecological and Environmental Psychology

7972. Bell, P.A., et al. 1996. Environmental Psychology. Fort Worth: Harcourt. 7973. Bonnes, M. and Secchiaroli, G. 1995. Environmental Psychology: An Introduction. London: Sage. 7974. Canter, D.V. and Craik, K.H. 1981. Environmental psychology. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 1:1–11. 7975. Craik, K.H. 1977. Multiple scientific paradigms in environmental psychology. Int J Psychol. 12:147–157. 7976. Gifford, R. 2013. Environmental psychology matters. Annu Rev Psychol. 65:1–39. 7977. Kaminski, G. 1983. The enigma of ecological psychology. J Environ Psychol. 3:85–94. 7978. Lobo, L., et al. 2018. The history of philosophy of ecological psychology. Front Psychol. 9:2228. 7979. Pol, E. 2006. Blueprints for a history of environmental psychology (I): From first birth to American transition. Medio Ambiente y Comportamiento Humano. 7(2):95–113. [Spanish Abstract/English] 7980. Saunders, C.D. 2003. The emerging field of conservation psychology. Hum Ecol Rev. 10(2):137–149. 7981. Tam, K-P. and Milfont, T.L. 2020. Towards cross-cultural environmental psychology: A state-of-the-art review and recommendations. J Environ Psychol. 71. DOI: 10.1016/j. jenvp.2020.101474.

Psychology

7982. Wood, D. 1987. I don’t feel that about environmental psychology today. But I want to. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 7:417–424.

Critical Psychology 7983. Maiers, W. 1987. The historical approach of critical psychology: Another case of ‘paradigm promotion’? Adv Psychol. 40:175–188. 7984. Mather, R. 2000. The foundations of critical psychology. Hist Hum Sci. 13(2):85–100. 7985. Nissen, M. 2008. The place of a positive critique in contemporary critical psychology. Critical Social Studies. 1:49–66. 7986. Parker, I. 1999. Critical psychology: Critical links. Annual Review of Critical Psychology. 1:3–18.

Cross-Cultural Psychology 7987. Ardila, A. 2020. Cross-cultural neuropsychology: History and prospects. RUDN Journal of Psychology & Pedagogics. 17(1):64–78. 7988. Boesch, E.E. 1996. The seven flaws of cross-cultural psychology. The story of conversion. Mind, Culture & Activity. 3(1):2–10. 7989. Keller, H. and Greenfield, P.M. 2000. History and future development in cross-cultural psychology. J Cross Cult Psychol. 31(1):52–62. 7990. Malpass, R.S. 1977. Theory and method in cross-cultural psychology. Am Psychol. 32(12):1069–1079. 7991. Segall, M.H., et al. 1998. Cross-cultural psychology as a scholarly discipline. Am Psychol. 53(10):1101–1110. 7992. Spering, M. 2001. Current Issues in Cross-Cultural Psychology: Research Topics, Applications, and Perspectives. Heidelberg: University of Heidelberg, Institute of Psychology.

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Developmental Psychology 7993. Airenti, G. 2019. The place of development in the history of psychology and cognitive science. Front Psychol. 10:895. 7994. Baltes, P.B. 1987. Theoretical propositions of life-span developmental psychology: On the dynamics between growth and decline. Dev Psychol. 23(5):611–626. 7995. Blake, B. and Pope, T. 2008. Developmental psychology: Incorporating Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories in classrooms. Journal of Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives in Education. 1(1):59–67. 7996. Dennis, W. (Ed.). 1972. Historical Readings in Development Psychology. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. 7997. Keil, F.C. 2000. The origins of developmental psychology (essay review). J Cogn Dev. 1(3):347–357. 7998. Looft, W.R. 1972. The evolution of developmental psychology. Hum Dev. 15:187–201. 7999. Oesterdiekhoff, G.W. 2014. The role of developmental psychology to understanding history, culture and social change. Journal of Social Science. 10(4):185–195.

Educational Psychology

8000. Berliner, D.C. ND. The 100-year Journey of Educational Psychology. Tucson: Arizona State University. 8001. Charles, D.C. 1976. A historical overview of educational psychology. Contemp Educ Psychol. 1(1):76–88. 8002. Hilgard, E.R. 1996. Perspectives on educational psychology. Educ Psychol Rev. 8(4):419–431. 8003. Thorndike, E.L. 1910. The contribution of psychology to education. J Educ Psychol. 1:5–12. 8004. Watson, R.I. 1961. A brief history of educational psychology. The Psychology Record. 11:209–242.

Engineering Psychology 8005. Adams, J.A. 1971. Research and the Future of Engineering Psychology (Technical Report ARL-71-19/AFOSR-71-6).

Psychology

A report prepared by the University of Illinois, Aviation Research Laboratory, for the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Arlington, VA. 8006. Alluisi, E.A. and Morgan, B.B. Jr. 1976. Engineering psychology and human performance. Annu Rev Psychol. 27:305–330. 8007. Noyes, J. and Stanton, N. 1997. Engineering psychology: Contribution to system safety. Computing & Control Engineering Journal. 107–112. 8008. Roscoe, S.N. 1997. The Adolescence of Engineering Psychology. Human Factors History Monograph Series (Volume 1). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors & Ergonomics Society.

Evolutionary Psychology

8009. Buss, D.M. 1990. Evolutionary social psychology: Prospects and pitfalls. Motivation & Emotion. 14(4):265–286. 8010. Roberts, S.C., et al. 2012. Evolutionary psychology in the modern world: Applications, perspectives, and strategies. Evol Psychol. 10(5):762–769. 8011. Scheidel, W. 2014. Evolutionary psychology and the historian. American Historical Review. 119:1563–1575. 8012. Siegert, R.J. and Ward, T. 2002. Evolutionary psychology: Origins and criticisms. Aust Psychol. 37(1):20–29. 8013. Wood, J.C. 2011. A change of perspective: Integrating evolutionary psychology into the historiography of violence. British Journal of Criminology. 51(3):479–498.

Family Psychology 8014. Clulow, C. 2007. John Bowlby and couple psychotherapy. Attach Hum Dev. 9(4):343–353. 8015. Friend, M.R. and Ormsby, R. 1960. The historical development of family diagnosis. Soc Serv Rev. 34(1):2–18. 8016. Gurman, A.S. and Fraenkel, P. 2002. The history of couple therapy: A millennial review. Fam Process. 41(2):199–260. 8017. Pinsof, W.M. and Lebow, J.L. (Eds.). 2005. Family Psychology: The Art of the Science. Oxford University Press.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Forensic Psychology 8018. Blackburn, R. 1996. What is forensic psychology? Legal Crimnol Psychol. 1(1):3–16. 8019. Brigham, J.C. 1999. What is forensic psychology anyway? Law Hum Behav. 23:273–298. 8020. Huss, M. 2001. What is forensic psychology? It’s not Silence of the Lambs. Eye on Psi Chi. 5(3):25–27. 8021. Otto, R.K. and Heilbrun, K. 2002. The practice of forensic psychology: A look toward the future in light of the past. Am Psychol. 57(1):5–18. 8022. Packer, I.K. 2008. Specialized practice in forensic psychology: Opportunities and obstacles. Prof Psychol Res Pr. 39(2):245– 249. 8023. Varela, J.G. and Conroy, M.A. 2012. Professional competencies in forensic psychology. Prof Psycho Res Pr. 43(5):410–421.

Industrial and Organizational Psychology

8024. Blatter, J. 2020. The Early History of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Cambridge University Press. 8025. Kazi, T.B. 2012. A brief history of industrial psychology. Inquiries Journal. 4(1):1. 8026. Koppes, L.L. (Ed.). 2007. Historical Perspectives in Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. 8027. Lynch, E.C. 1968. Walter Dill Scott: Pioneer industrial psychologist. Business History Review. 42(2):149–170. 8028. Vinchur, A.J. 2008. Early industrial psychology: A very brief and highly selective history. Sociol Compass. 2(1):122–138. 8029. Zikar, M.J. 2003. Remembering Arthur Kornhauser: Industrial psychology’s advocate for worker well-being. J Appl Psychol. 88(2):363–369.

Police and Prison Psychology 8030. Aumiller, G.S. and Corey, D. 2007. Defining the field of police psychology: Core domains & proficiencies. J Police Crim Psychol. 22(2):65–76.

Psychology

8031. Bartol, C.R. 1996. Police psychology: Then, now, and beyond. Crim Justice Behav. 23(1):70–89. 8032. Bierie, D.M. and Mann, R.E. 2017. The history and future of prison psychology. Psychology Public Policy & Law. 23(4):478–489. 8033. Dietz, A.S. 2000. Toward the development of a roles framework for police psychology. J Police Crim Psychol. 15(2):1–7. 8034. Kurke, M.I. and Scrivener, E.M. (Eds.). 2013. Police Psychology Into the 21st Century. New York: Psychology Press. 8035. Volckens, J.S. 1992. Police psychology: An emerging field. Crim Justice Behav. 19(3):330–342. 8036. Weiss, P.A. and Inwald, R. 2018. A brief history of personality assessment in police psychology: 1916–2008. J Police Crim Psychol. 33(3):189–200.

Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy 8037. Alexander, F.G., et al. (Eds.). 1966. Psychoanalytic Pioneers. New York: Basic Books Inc. 8038. Beit-Hallahmi, B. 1978. Psychoanalysis and Religion: A Bibliography. Norward, PA: Norward Editions. 8039. Bergman, M.S. 1993. Reflections on the history of psychoanalysis. J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 41:929–955. 8040. Borch-Jacobsen, M. and Shamdasani, S. 2011. The Freud Files: An Inquiry into the History of Psychoanalysis. Cambridge University Press. 8041. Caldwell, R.S. 1974. Selected bibliography on psychoanalysis and classical studies. Arethusa. 7(1):115–134. 8042. Ehrenwald, J. (Ed.). 1976. The History of Psychotherapy: From Healing Magic to Encounter. New York: Jason Aronson, Inc. 8043. Fine, R. 1979. A History of Psychoanalysis. New York: Columbia University Press. 8044. Johansson, P.M. 2007. Historiography and psychoanalysis. Int Forum Psychoanal. 16(2):103–112. 8045. Kiell, N. 1982. Psychoanalysis, Psychology and Literature: A Bibliography. New Jersey: Scarecrow Press. 8046. LaCapra, D. 1987. History and psychoanalysis. Critical Inquiry. 13(2):222–251.

573

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8047. Lunbeck, E. 2006. Borderline histories: Psychoanalysis inside and out. Science in Context. 19(1):151–173. 8048. Marks, S. 2017. Psychotherapy in historical perspective. Hist Human Sci. 30(2):3–16. 8049. Meyerhoff, H. 1962. On psychoanalysis as history. Psychoanal Rev. 49(2):3–20. 8050. Norcross J.C., et al. (Eds.). 2011. History of Psychotherapy: Continuity and Change. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. 8051. Roazen, P. 2001. The Historiography of Psychoanalysis. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. 8052. Shamdasani, S. 2005. ‘Psychotherapy’: The invention of a word. Hist Hum Sci. 18(1):1–22. 8053. Tridon, A. 1919. Psychoanalysis: Its History, Theory, and Practice. New York: B.W. Huebsch. 8054. Wallace, E.R. IV. 1983. Historiography in history and psychoanalysis. Bull Hist Med. 57(2):247–266. 8055. Young-Bruehl, E. and Schwartz, M.M. 2012. Why psychoanalysis has no history. Am Imago. 69(1):139–160. 8056. Zaretsky, E. 2005. Secrets of the Soul: A Social and Cultural History of Psychoanalysis. New York: Vintage Books.

Rehabilitation Psychology

8057. Eisenberg, M.G. and Jansen, M.A. 1983. Rehabilitation psychology: State of the art. Annual Review of Rehabilitation. 3:1–31. 8058. Frank, R.G. 1999. Rehabilitation psychology: We zigged when we should have zagged. Rehabil Psychol. 44(1):36–51. 8059. Nierenberg, B. 2000. Is rehabilitation psychology in need of rehabilitation? Rehabil Psychol. 45(2):107–111. 8060. Shontz, F.C. 2003. Rehabilitation psychology, then and now. Rehabil Couns Bull. 46(3):176–181. 8061. Shontz, F.C. and Wright, B.A. 1980. The distinctiveness of rehabilitation psychology. Prof Psychol. 11(6):919–924. 8062. Singh, S. and Bhushan, S. 2010. Emerging trends in rehabilitation psychology. SIS Journal of Projective Psychology & Mental Health. 17(1):53–55.

Psychology

8063. Stubbins, J. 1989. The interdisciplinary status of rehabilitation psychology. Rehabil Psychol. 34(3):207–215.

Social Psychology

8064. Cartwright, D. 1979. Contemporary social psychology in historical perspective. Soc Psychol. 42(1):82–93. 8065. Gergen, K.J. 1973. Social psychology as history. J Pers Soc Psychol. 26(2):309. 8066. House, J.S. 1977. The three faces of social psychology. Sociometry. 40(2):161–177. 8067. Pepitone, A. 1981. Lessons from the history of social psychology. Am Psychol. 36(9):972–985. 8068. Potter, J. 1998. Discursive social psychology: From attitudes to evaluative practices. Eur Rev Soc Psychol. 9(1):233–266. 8069. Richard, F.D., et al. 2003. One hundred years of social psychology quantitatively described. Rev Gen Psychol. 7(4):331–363. 8070. Strong, S.R., et al. 1992. Social psychology and counseling psychology: The History, products, and promise of interface. J Couns Psychol. 39(2):139–157.

Sports Psychology 8071. Aoyagi, M.W., et al. 2012. Reflections and directions: The profession of sport psychology past, present and future. Prof Psychol Res Pr. 43(1):32–38. 8072. Browne, M.A. and Mahoney, J.J. 1984. Sports psychology. Annu Rev Psychol. 35:605–625. 8073. Gill, D.L. 1995. Women’s place in the history of sport psychology. The Sport Psychologist. 9(4):418–433. 8074. Green, C.D. and Benjamin, L.T. 2009. Psychology Gets in the Game: Sport, Mind and Behavior, 1880–1960. University of Nebraska Press. 8075. King, D.B., et al. 1995. History of sport psychology in cultural magazines of the Victorian era. The Sport Psychologist. 9(4):376–390.

575

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8076. Landers, D.M. 1995. Sport psychology: The formative years, 1950–1980. The Sport Psychologist. 9(4):406–417. 8077. Landers, D.M., et al. 1986. The history and status of the Journal of Sport Psychology: 1979–1985. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 8(3):149–163. 8078. Mahoney, M.J. and Suinn, R.M. 1986. History and overview of modern sport psychology. Clin Psychol. 39(3):64–68. 8079. McCullagh, P. 1995. Sport psychology: A historical perspective. The Sport Psychologist. 9(4):363–365. 8080. Petrie, T.A. and Diehl, N.S. 1995. Sport psychology in the profession of psychology. Prof Psychol Res Pr. 26(3):288–291. 8081. Rejeski, W.J. and Brawley, L.R. 1988. Defining the boundaries of sport psychology. The Sport Psychologist. 2(3):231–242.

Vocational Psychology

8082. Borgen, F.H. 1991. Megatrends and milestones in vocational behavior: A 20-year counseling psychology retrospective. J Vocat Behav. 39(3):263–290. 8083. Brewer, J.M. and Kelly, R.W. 1917. A Selected Critical Bibliography of Vocational Guidance (Harvard Bulletins in Education No. 4). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University. 8084. Carson, A.D. and Altai, N.M. 1994. 1000 years before Parsons: Vocational psychology in classical Islam. Career Development Quarterly. 43(2):197–206. 8085. De Giovanni, V. 2009. The rise and fall of vocational psychology: A personal perspective. Australian Journal of Career Development. 18(1):58–67. 8086. Gottfredson, G.D. 1999. John L. Holland’s contributions to vocational psychology: A review and evaluation. J Vocat Behav. 55(1):15–40. 8087. McIlveen, P. 2007. The genuine scientist-practitioner in vocational psychology: An autoethnography. Qual Res Psychol. 4(4):295–311.

Regenerative Medicine 8088. Atala, A. 2009. Regenerative medicine: Past and present. Med Stud. 1(1):11–31.

Rheumatology

8089. Beri, K. 2018. A future perspective for regenerative medicine: Understanding the concept of vibrational medicine. Future Science. 4(3):FSO274. 8090. Chen, C., et al. 2012. Emerging trends in regenerative medicine: A scientometric analysis in CiteSpace. Expert Opin Biol Ther. DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2012.674507. 8091. Maienschein, J. 2009. Regenerative medicine in historical context. Med Stud. 1(1):33–40. 8092. Maienschein, J. 2011. Regenerative medicine’s historical roots in regeneration, transplantation, and translation. Dev Biol. 358:278–284. 8093. Martin, I., et al. 2018. From tissue engineering to regenerative medicine. EBioMedicine. 28:11–12. 8094. Mao, A.S. and Mooney, D.J. 2015. Regenerative medicine: Current therapies and future directions. PNAS. 112(47):14452–14459. 8095. Polykandriotis, E., et al. 2010. Regenerative medicine: Then and now: An update of recent history into future possibilities. J Cell Mol Med. 14(10):2350–2358. 8096. Sampogna, G., et al. 2015. Regenerative medicine: Historical roots and potential strategies in modern medicine. J Microsc Ultrastruct. 3(3):101–107. 8097. Unknown Author. 2009. Regenerative medicine glossary. Regen Med. 4(S4):S1–S88. 8098. Webster, A. (Ed.) 2000. The Global Dynamics of Regenerative Medicine. A Social Science Critique. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Rheumatology

8099. Asherson, R.A., et al. 1991. Rheumatology. Postgrad Med J. 67:114–139. 8100. Balint, G., et al. 1987. A legacy for rheumatology from Sir William Osler. Clin Rheumatol. 6(3):423–435. 8101. Bamji, A.N., et al. 1990. What do rheumatologists do? A pilot audit study. Rheumatology. 29(4):295–298. 8102. Bywaters, E.G. 1977. The history of pediatric rheumatology. Arthritis Rheum. 20(S2):145–152.

577

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8103. Bywaters, E.G. 1991. History of books and journals and periodicals in rheumatology. Ann Rheum Dis. 50(7):512–516. 8104. Cecil, R.L. 1957. The evolution of rheumatology. Med Clin North Am. 41(4):1029–1038. 8105. Copeman, W. 1971. Historical notes on rheumatology. Rheumatology. 11(4):145–155. 8106. Galmiche, P. 1954. Historical development of ideas in rheumatology. Prog Med (Paris). 82(6):139–142. [French] 8107. Houli, J. 1954. Introduction to the history of rheumatology. Arq Bras Med. 44(7–8):267–278. [Portuguese] 8108. Kawahata, K. 2009. Historical review of rheumatology and future directions. Nihon Rinsho. 67(3):445–457. 8109. Kersley, G.D. and Glyn, J.H. 1991. A Concise International History of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation: Friends and Foes. London: Royal Society of Medicine. 8110. Moll, W. 1968. Synopsis of rheumatology. Prog Drug Res. 12:165–291. [German] 8111. Muirden, K.D. 2008. Rheumatology 50 years ago: A short personal history. Int J Rheum Dis. 11(3):293–295. 8112. Schaller, J.G. 2005. The history of pediatric rheumatology. Pediatr Res. 58(5):997–1007. 8113. Smolen, J.S. 2019. Treat to target in rheumatology: A historical account on occasion of the 10th Anniversary. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 45(4):477–485.

Sex and Reproductive Medicine 8114. Annandale, E. and Hammarström, A. 2011. Constructing the ‘gender-specific body’: A critical discourse analysis of publications in the field of gender-specific medicine. Health. 15(6):571–587. 8115. Bernabò, N., et al. 2016. A scientometric analysis of reproductive medicine. Scientometrics. 109(1). 8116. Bhasin, S. 2016. A perspective on the evolving landscape in male reproductive medicine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 101:827–836. 8117. Bullough, V.L. 1994. Science in the Bedroom: A History of Sex Research. New York: Basic Books.

Sex and Reproductive Medicine

8118. De Geyter, C. and De Geyter, M. 2009. Present-day reproductive medicine and future possibilities. Ther Umsch. 66(12):797– 805. [German] 8119. Evers, J.L.H. 2013. The wobbly evidence base of reproductive medicine. Reprod Biomed Online. 27:742–746. 8120. Frey, J.D., et al. 2017. A historical review of gender-affirming medicine: Focus on genital reconstruction surgery. J Sex Med. 14(8):991–1002. 8121. Glezerman, M. 2016. Gender Medicine: The Groundbreaking New Science of Gender-and Sex-Related Diagnosis and Treatment. The Overlook Press. 8122. Greenberg, M.R., et al. 2014. Future directions in sex‐and gender‐specific emergency medicine. Acad Emerg Med. 21(12):1339–1342. 8123. Gusberg, S.B. 1980. Reproductive medicine: A discipline in search of identity (Presidential Address). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 136(7):825–829. 8124. Johnson, M.H. 2013. The early history of evidence-based reproductive medicine. Reprod Biomed. 26:201–209. 8125. Legato, M.J. 2003. Beyond women’s health: The new discipline of gender-specific medicine. Med Clin North Am. 87(5):917– 937. 8126. Legato, M.J. 2016. Gender-specific medicine in the genomic era. Clin Sci (Lond). 130(1):1–7. 8127. Legato, M.J. and Bilezikian, J.P. (Eds.). 2004. Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine. San Diego: Academic Press. 8128. Legato, M.J. and Glezerman, M. (Eds.). 2017. The International Society for Gender Medicine: History and Highlights. Academic Press. 8129. Mark, S. 2005. Sex-and gender-based medicine: Venus, mars, and beyond. Gend Med. 2(3):131–136. 8130. McGregor, A.J. and Choo, E. 2012. Gender‐specific medicine: Yesterday’s neglect, tomorrow’s opportunities. Acad Emerg Med. 19(7):861–865. 8131. McGregor, A.J. and Choo, E.K. 2015. The emerging science of gender-specific emergency medicine. Rhode Island Med J. 98(6):23.

579

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8132. Ostan, R., et al. 2016. Gender, aging and longevity in humans: An update of an intriguing/neglected scenario paving the way to a gender-specific medicine. Clin Sci (Lond). 130(19):1711– 1725. 8133. Paine, S.J., et al. 1996. Ethical dilemmas in reproductive medicine. Whittier Law Review. 18(1):51–66. 8134. Pfeffer, N. 1993. The Stork and the Syringe. Political History of Reproductive Medicine. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. 8135. Sigusch, V. 2008. Sexual medicine history: The birth of sexual medicine: Paolo Mantegazza as pioneer of sexual medicine in the 19th Century. J Sex Med. 5(1):217–222. 8136. Wilkinson, J., et al. 2019. Reproductive medicine: Still more ART than science? BJOG. 126(2):138–141.

Sleep Medicine

8137. Billiard, M. and Chokroverty, S. (Eds.). 2015. Sleep Medicine: A Comprehensive Guide to its Development, Clinical Milestones, and Advances in Treatment. New York: Springer. 8138. Brown, L.K. 1994. Glossary of abbreviations in sleep medicine. Mt Sinai J Med. 61(2):97. 8139. Buysse, D.J. 2014. Sleep health: Can we define it? Does it matter? Sleep. 37(1):9–17. 8140. Chokroverty, S. and Billiard, M. (Eds.). 2015. Sleep Medicine: A Comprehensive Guide to Its Development, Clinical Milestones, and Advances in Treatment. Springer. 8141. Dement, W.C. 1990. A personal history of sleep disorders medicine. J Clin Neurophysiol. 1:17–47. 8142. Dement, W.C. 1998. The study of human sleep: A historical perspective. Thorax. 53(S3):S2–S7. 8143. Dement, W.C. 2005. History of sleep medicine. Neurol Clin. 23:945–965. 8144. Kirsch, D.B. 2011. There and back again: A current history of sleep medicine. Chest. 139(4):939–946. 8145. Park, B.S. 2020. The top 100 cited articles on sleep medicine: A bibliometric analysis (Historical Note). Eur Neurol. 83:111– 119.

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

8146. Salzarulo, P. and Schulz, H. 2016. The development of sleep medicine: A historical sketch. J Clin Sleep Med. 12:1041–1052. 8147. Sassin, J.F. and Mitler, M.M. 1987. An historical perspective on sleep disorders medicine. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 10(4):517–523. 8148. Schiller, F. 1984. Historical note on sleep and eye movements. Sleep. 7(3):199–201. 8149. Schulz, H. and Salzarulo, P. 2016. The development of sleep medicine: A historical sketch. J Clin Sleep Med. 12(7):1041– 1052. 8150. Stearns, P.N., et al. 1996. Children’s sleep: Sketching historical change. Journal of Social History. 30(2):345–366. 8151. Stepanski, E.J. 2003. Behavioral sleep medicine: A historical perspective. Behav Sleep Med. 1(1):4–21. 8152. Webb, W.B. 1994. Sleep as a biological rhythm: A historical review. Sleep. 17(2):188–194.

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

The body of literature on surgery is vast; therefore this section is generally based on surgical specialties recognized by the American College of Surgeons (ACS). However, literature searches revealed specialties not in strict alignment with the ACS and in the case of the specialty of Orthopedics its history is almost exclusively defined by surgical methods and techniques. Please refer to Section 3 for information on the history of surgical devices, equipment, and instruments. Please refer to Section 7 for information on the history of medical imaging, including surgical applications.

General History

8153. Aggarwal, A. 2010. The evolving relationship between surgery and medicine. AMA J Ethics. 12(2):119–123.

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582

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8154. Allbutt, T.C. 1905. The Historical Relations of Medicine and Surgery to the End of the Sixteenth Century. New York: The Macmillan Co. 8155. Billings, J.S. 1895. The History and Literature of Surgery. Philadelphia: Lea Brothers & Co. 8156. Bishop, W.J. 1995. The Early History of Surgery. New York: Barnes & Noble Books. 8157. Degenshein, G.A. and Hurwitz, A. 1958. Milestones in Modern Surgery. New York: Hoeber-Harper. 8158. Ellis, H. and Abdalla, S. 2018. A History of Surgery. Boca Raton, FL: Press. 8159. Gawande, A. 2012. Two hundred years of surgery. N Engl J Med. 366:1716–1723. 8160. Leonardo, R.A. 1943. History of Surgery. New York: Froben Press. 8161. Logghe, H.J., et al. 2017. History of social media in surgery. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 30(04):233–239. 8162. Majno, G. 1975. The Healing Hand: Man and Wound in the Ancient World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 8163. Melin, M.D. 2016. The industrial revolution and the advent of modern surgery. Intersect. 9(2):2–13. 8164. Pandya, S.K. 2018. Under the Knife: The history of surgery in 28 remarkable operations. Natl Med J India. 31(2):119–121. 8165. Riha, O. 1995. Surgical case records as an historical source: Limits and perspectives. Soc Hist Med. 8(2):271–283. 8166. Riskin, D.J., et al. 2006. Innovation in surgery: A historical perspective. Ann Surg. 244:686–693. 8167. Roberts, K.E., et al. 2006. Evolution of surgical skills training. World J Gastroenterol. 12(20):3219–3224. 8168. Schlich, T. (Ed.). 2015. The Palgrave Handbook of the History of Surgery. Switzerland: Springer Nature. 8169. Toledo-Pereyra, L.H. 2011. Surgical Revolutions: A Historical and Philosophical View. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. 8170. Van Hee, R.H. 2014. History of surgery: A global view. Acta Chir Belg. 113(6):471–482. 8171. Wirtzfield, D.A. 2009. The history of women in surgery. Can J Surg. 52(4):317–320.

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

Ambulatory and Outpatient Surgery 8172. Brieger, G.H. 1983. Early ambulation. Ann Surg. 197(4):443– 449. 8173. Burden, N. 2005. Outpatient surgery: A view through history. J Perianesth Nurs. 20(6):435–437. 8174. D’ingianni, V. 1945. Early and late postoperative ambulation: A comparative study of 303 cases. Arch Surg. 50(4):214–218. 8175. Karam, M. 2014. He history of outpatient surgery in the world. Inter Bloc. 33(4):236–237. 8176. Poole, E.L. 1999. Ambulatory surgery: The growth of an industry. J Perianesth Nurs. 14(4):201–206. 8177. Reed, W.A. and Kershner, B.A. 1993. The history of the Federated Ambulatory Surgery Association. Ambulatory Surgery. 1(1):18–21. 8178. Singer, H.K. 1993. Then and now: A historical development of ambulatory surgery. J Post Anesth Nur. 8(4):276–279. 8179. Skues, M. 2016. The ‘Ambulatory Surgery’ bibliography. Ambulatory Surgery. 22(3):95–97. 8180. Urman, R.D., and Desai, S.P. 2012. History of anesthesia for ambulatory surgery. Curr Opin Anesthesiol. 25(6):641–647. 8181. Vorzimer, J.J. and Katz, G. 1970. Toward comprehensive ambulatory care: A case history of decisive change. Med Care. 8(1):76–81.

Autopsy and Necropsies 8182. Burton, J.L. 2005. A bite into the history of the autopsy. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 1(4):277–284. 8183. Cecchetto, G., et al. 2017. Back to the future-Part 1. The medico-legal autopsy from ancient civilization to the postgenomic era. Int J Legal Med. 131(4):1069–1083. 8184. Davidsohn, I., et al. 1937. Bibliography on necropsies, 1931– 1934. Am J Clin Pathol. 7(2):199–208. 8185. Davidsohn, I., et al. 1940. Bibliography on necropsies. Am J Clin Pathol. 10(2):191–196. 8186. Diallo-Danebrock, R., et al. 2019. History of the anatomical and clinical autopsy. Pathologe. 40(1):93–100. [German]

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8187. Hanzlick, R.L. 2000. The autopsy lexicon: Suggested headings for the autopsy report. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 124:594–603. 8188. King, L.S. and Meehan, M.C. 1973. A history of the autopsy: A review. Am J Pathol. 73(2):514–544.

Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery

8189. Antonoff, M.B., et al. 2016. Women in thoracic surgery: 30 years of history. Ann Thorac Surg. 101(1):399–409. 8190. Barton, M., et al. 2014. Balloon angioplasty: The legacy of Andreas Grüntzig, M.D. (1939–1985). Front Cardiovasc Med. 1:15. 8191. Bellamy, R.F. 2000. History of surgery for penetrating chest trauma. Chest Surg Clin N Am. 10(1):55–70. 8192. Borst, H.G. and Mohr, F.W. 2001. The history of coronary artery surgery: A brief review. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 49(4):195–198. 8193. Braimbridge, M.V. 1993. The history of thoracoscopic surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 56:610–614. 8194. Connolly, J.E. 1978. The history of coronary artery surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 76:733. 8195. Cooley, D.A. and Frazier O.H. 2018. The past 50 years of cardiovascular surgery. Circulation. 102(S4):87–93. 8196. Gillaspie, E.A., et al. 2015. Mayo Clinic: An institutional history of general thoracic surgery. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 27(4):353–359. 8197. Grillo, H.C. 2003. The history of tracheal surgery. Chest Surg Clin N Am. 13(2):175–189. 8198. He, J. 2011. History and current status of mini-invasive thoracic surgery. J Thorac Dis. 3(2):115–121. 8199. Hurt, R. 1996. The History of Cardiothoracic Surgery, From Early Times. New York: The Parthenon Publishing Group. 8200. Johnson, S.L. 1970. The History of Cardiac Surgery, 1896–1955. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 8201. Litwak, R.S. 1971. The growth of cardiac surgery: Historical notes. Cardiovasc Clin. 3:5. 8202. Meade, R.H. 1961. A History of Thoracic Surgery. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

8203. Mueller, R.L., et al. 1997. The history of surgery for ischemic heart disease. Ann Thorac Surg. 63:869–878. 8204. Ochsner, A. 1966. History of thoracic surgery. Surg Clin North Am. 46(6):1355–1376. 8205. Waldhausen, J.A. 1997. The early history of congenital heart surgery: Closed heart operations. Ann Thorac Surg. 64(5):1533–1539. 8206. Wilkins, E.W., Jr. 2000. Why history is important for thoracic surgeons. Chest Surg Clin N Am. 10(1):1–7.

Colorectal and Gastrointestinal Surgery

8207. Alverdy, J.C., et al. 2009. Bariatric surgery: A history of empiricism, a future in science. J Gastrointest Surg. 13(3):465. 8208. Blalock, J.B., Jr. 1981. History and evolution of peptic ulcer surgery. Am J Surg. 141(3):317–322. 8209. Brewer, L.A. 1980. History of surgery of the esophagus. Am J Surg. 139(6):730–743. 8210. Cannom, R.R. and Goldberg, S.M. 2013. Evolution of the specialty of colon and rectal surgery: Historical perspective. Semin Colon Rectal Surg. 24(4):187–190. 8211. Celio, A.C. and Pories, W.J. 2016. A history of bariatric surgery: The maturation of a medical discipline. Surg Clin North Am. 96(4):655–667. 8212. Colcock, B.P. 1952. Colostomy: Historical role in the surgery of the colon and rectum. Surgery. 31(5):794–804. 8213. Corman, M.L. 2000. Contributions of eighteenth and nineteenth century French medicine to colon and rectal surgery. Dis Colon Rectum. 43(6):S1–S29. 8214. Cotlar, A.M. 2002. Historical landmarks in operations on the colon: Surgeons courageous. Curr Surg. 59(1):91–95. 8215. Downing, R. 1984. Historical review of pancreatic islet transplantation. World J Surg. 8(2):137–142. 8216. Fisichella, P.M. and Patti, M.G. 2014. From Heller to POEM (1914–2014): A 100-year history of surgery for achalasia. J Gastrointest Surg. 18:1870–1875. 8217. Hanley, P.H. 1983. Colon and rectal surgery: Our heritage. Dis Colon Rectum. 26(2):81–84.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8218. Kirsner, J.B. 1998. Historical origins of medical and surgical therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Lancet. 352(9136):1303–1305. 8219. McCluskey III, D.A., et al. 1999. Tribute to a triad: History of splenic anatomy, physiology and surgery. Part 1. World J Surg. 23(3):311–325. 8220. McManus, J.E. 1956. The early history of surgery for commonduct stones: A brief review. N Engl J Med. 254(1):17–20. 8221. Moshiri, M., et al. 2013. Evolution of bariatric surgery: A historical perspective. Am J Roentgenol. 201:W40–W48. 8222. Parc, Y.R., et al. 1999. Surgery for ulcerative colitis: Historical perspective: A century of surgical innovations and refinements. Dis Colon Rectum. 42(3):299–306. 8223. Robinson, J.O. 1960. The history of gastric surgery. Postgrad Med J. 36(422):706–713.

Cosmetic, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 8224. Adamson, P.A. and Moran, M.L. 1993. Historical trends in surgery for the aging face. Facial Plast Surg. 9(2):133–142. 8225. Bhargava, D. 2008. Abdominoplasty today. Indian J Plast Surg. 41(S):s20–s26. 8226. Blum, V. 2003. Flesh Wounds: The Culture of Cosmetic Surgery. Berkeley: University of California Press. 8237. Davis, J.E. and Hernandez, H.H. 1978. History of the aesthetic surgery of the ear. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2:75–94. 8228. Fischer, G. 1990. Liposculpture: The “correct” history of liposuction. Part I. Dermatol Surg. 16(12):1087–1089. 8229. Gibson, M. 2006. Bodies without histories: Cosmetic surgery and the undoing of time. Australian Feminist Studies. 21(49):51–63. 8230. Haiavy, J. 2018. Cosmetic surgery history of the specialty: The Importance of AACS fellowships and the Webster legacy. American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery. 35(2):64–73. 8231. Haiken, E. 2000. The making of the modern face: Cosmetic surgery. Social Research. 67(1):81–97. 8232. Hanke, C.W., et al. 1992. History of dermatologic cosmetic surgery. American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery. 9(3):231–234.

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

8233. Macionis, V. 2018. History of plastic surgery: Art, philosophy and rhinoplasty. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 71(7):1086– 1092. 8234. Mazzoleni, F. 2014. The burn disease: A disease of great value in the cultural heritage of plastic surgery. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 27(2):61. 8235. McDowell, F., et al. 1952. Bibliography and historical note on plastic surgery of the nose. Plast Reconstr Surg. 10(3):149– 185. 8236. McKenzie, G.A.G. and Lahiri, A. 2014. The history of the Fleurdi-lis technique: A review of the literature and case report. PSJT. 1(4):2–11. 8237. O’Toole, J.P., et al. 2006. The history of body contouring surgery. Semin Plast Surg. 20(1):5–8. 8238. Rogers, B.O. 1971. A chronologic history of cosmetic surgery. Bull New York Acad Med. 47(3):265–302. 8239. Rogers, B. O. 1988. History of oculoplastic surgery: The contributions of plastic surgery. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 12(3):129–152. [French] 8240. Santoni-Rugiu, P. and Sykes, P.J. 2007. A History of Plastic Surgery. Springer Science & Business Media.

Electro Surgery, Laser Surgery, Micro Surgery, Minimally Invasive Surgery and Robotic Surgery

8241. Antoniou, S.A., et al. 2015. Past, present, and future of minimally invasive abdominal surgery. JSLS. 19(3):e2015.00052. 8242. Ashrafian, H., et al. 2017. The evolution of robotic surgery: Surgical and anaesthetic aspects. Br J Anaesth. 119(S1):i72– i84. 8243. Badash, I., et al. 2018. Super microsurgery: History, applications, training and the future. Front Surg. 5:23. 8244. Ballantyne, D.L. and Rosenberg, B.B. 1985. Organized Bibliography of Microsurgical Literature. Rockville, MD: Aspen Publishers. 8245. Bertolaccini, L. and Rocco, G. 2019. History and development of minimally invasive surgery: VATS surgery. Shanghai Chest. 3:16.

587

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8246. Daniel, R.K. and Entin, M.A. 1976. Microsurgery bibliography. Clin Plast Surg. 3(1):159–161. 8247. Dekking, H.M. 1964. Microsurgery of the eye: The present and the future. Arch Ophthalmol. 71(6):881–883. 8248. DeLeon, M.F., et al. 2011. The evolution of cauterization: From the hot iron to the Bovie. Department of Surgery Gibbon Society Historical Profiles. Paper No. 35. 8249. Dohle, G. and Schultheiss, D. 2003. The history of microsurgery for obstructive male infertility. Eur Urol. 2(1):125. 8250. Donaghy, R.M.P. 1979. The history of microsurgery in neurosurgery. Neurosurgery. 26(S1):619–625. 8251. Faust, R.A. (Ed.) 2007. Robotics In Surgery: History, Current and Future Applications. New York: Nova Publishers. 8252. Garas, G. and Arora, A. 2018. Robotic head and neck surgery: History, technical evolution and the future. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 80:117–124. 8253. Jordan, D.J., et al. 2016. The use of LASER and its further development in varying aspects of surgery. Open Medicine Journal. 3(S3):288–299. 8254. Korepanov, V.I. 1984. History of the development of laser surgery. Sov Med. (3):61. [Russian] 8255. Lee-Kong, S. and Feingold, D.L. 2013. The history of minimally invasive surgery. Semin Colon Rectal Surg. 24(1):3–6. 8256. Massarweh, N.N., et al. 2006. Electrosurgery: History, principles, and current and future uses. J Am Coll Surg. 202(3):520–530. 8257. Muzichenko, P., et al. 2017. Historical aspects and perspectives of electrosurgery (literature review). Orthop Traumatol Prosthetic. 1:124–127. [English abstract/Russian] 8258. O’Connor, J.L. and Bloom, D.A. 1996. William T. Bovie and electrosurgery. Surgery. 119(4):390–396. 8259. Pang, V., et al. 2018. The clinical application history of microsurgery. Orthop Muscular Syst. 1:1001. 8260. Park, A., et al. 2007. Minimally invasive surgery: The evolution of fellowship. Surgery. 142:505–513. 8261. Parker, J.N. and Parker, P.M. 2003. Laser Surgery: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography and Annotated Research Guide to Internet References. ICON Health Publications.

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

8262. Pastuszak, A.W., et al. 2015. The history of microsurgery in urology. Urology. 85(5):971–975. 8263. Pollack, S.V., et al. 2000. The history of electrosurgery. Dermatol Surg. 26(10):904–908. 8264. Pugin, F., et al. 2011. History of robotic surgery: From AESOP and ZEUS to da Vinci. J Vasc Surg. 148(S):e3–e8. 8265. Roper-Hall, M.J. 1967. Microsurgery in ophthalmology. Br J Ophthalmol. 51:408. 8266. Schlich, T. and Tang, C.L. 2016. Patient choice and the history of minimally invasive surgery. Lancet. 388:1369–1370. 8267. Shah, J., et al. 2015. The history of robotics in surgical specialties. Am J Robot Surg. 1(1):12–20. 8268. Tamai, S. 2009. History of microsurgery. Plast Reconstruct Surg. 124(S6):282–294. 8269. Tonutti, M., et al. 2017. The role of technology in minimally invasive surgery: State of the art, recent developments and future directions. Postgrad Med J. 93(1097):159–167. 8270. Ulmer, B.C. 2007. Electrosurgery: History and fundamentals. Perioperative Nursing Clinics. 2:89–101. 8271. Zirafa, C.C., et al. 2019. The evolution of robotic thoracic surgery. Ann Cardiothorac Surg. 8(2):210–221.

Endocrine Surgery

8272. Thompson, N.W. 1996. The evolution of endocrine surgery as a subspecialty of general surgery: Fragmentation or enhancement? Arch Surg. 131(5):465–471. 8273. Welbourn, R.B., et al. 1990. The History of Endocrine Surgery. New York: Praeger Publishers. 8274. Welbourn, R.B. 1996. Highlights from endocrine surgical history. World J Surg. 20(5):603–612.

Pediatric Surgery

8275. Adzick, N.S. and Harrison, M.R. 1994. The unborn surgical patient. Curr Probl Surg. 31(1):9–68. 8276. Backer, C.L. and Holinger, L.D. 2010. A history of pediatric tracheal surgery. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg. 1(3):344–363.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8277. Baum, V.C. 2006. Pediatric cardiac surgery: An historical appreciation. Pediatric Anesthesia. 16(12):1213–1225. 8278. Bruny, J. and Ziegler, M.M. 2013. Historical development of pediatric surgical quality: The first 100 years. Adv Pediatr. 60(1):281–294. 8279. Carachi, R., et al. (Eds.). 2009. A History of Surgical Paediatrics. World Scientific. 8280. Chang, J.H. 1986. Timelines in the history of pediatric surgery. J Pediatr Surg. 21(12):1068–1072. 8281. Codsi, E. and Audibert, F. 2019. Fetal surgery: Past, present, and future perspectives. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 41(S2):S287– S289. 8282. Holland, A.J.A. and McBride, C.A. 2015. Non-operative advances: What has happened in the last 50 years in paediatric surgery? J Paediatr Child Health. 51(1):74–77. 8283. Isaacs, D. and Beasley, S.W. 2017. Women in paediatric surgery (Viewpoint). J Paediatr Child Health. 53:1043–1045. 8284. Jancelewicz, T. and Harrison, M.R. 2009. A history of fetal surgery. Clin Perinatol. 36(2):227–236 8285. Nakayama, D.K. 2020. Vignettes from the history of pediatric surgery. J Pediatr Surg. 55:1–37. 8286. Raffensperger, J.G. 2014. Children’s Surgery: A Worldwide History. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. 8287. Rowe, M.I. and Rowe, S.A. 2000. The last fifty years of neonatal surgical management. Am J Surg. 180:345–352. 8288. Soper, R.T. and Kimura, K. 1989. Overview of neonatal surgery. Clin Perinatol. 16(1):1–12.

General Surgery 8289. Boyarksy, A.H., et al. 1995. The future of general surgery characterized by general surgical chief residents. Am Surg. 61:244–251. 8290. Liu, J.H., et al. 2004. The increasing workload of general surgery. Arch Surg. 139:423–428. 8291. Meade, R.H. 1968. An Introduction to the History of General Surgery. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

8292. Shoemaker, C.P. Jr. 2003. Changes in the general surgical workload, 1991–1999. Arch Surg. 138:417–426. 8293. Webber, E.M., et al. 2013. The past and future of the generalist general surgeon (Commentary). J Can Chir. 57(1):6–7. 8294. Webber, E.M., et al. 2016. The future of general surgery: Evolving to meet a changing practice. J Surg Educ. 73(3):496– 503.

Glandular Surgery

8295. Cervantes, O., et al. 2017. A brief history of salivary gland surgery. Rev Col Bras Cir. 44(4):403–412. 8296. Dorairajan, N. and Pradeep, P.V. 2013. Vignette thyroid surgery: A glimpse into its history. Int Surg. 98(1):70–75. 8297. Giddings, C.E.B., et al. 2009. History of parathyroid gland surgery: An historical case series. J Laryngol Otol. 123(10):1075–1081. 8298. Hegner, C.F. 1932. A history of thyroid surgery. Ann Surg. 95(4):481. 8299. Kirschner, P.A. 2000. The history of surgery of the thymus gland. Chest Surg Clin N Am. 10(1):153–165. 8300. Landolt, A.M. 2001. History of pituitary surgery from the technical aspect. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 12(1):37–44. 8301. Organ, C.H. 2000. The history of parathyroid surgery, 1850– 1996: The excelsior surgical society 1998 Edward D Churchill lecture. J Am Coll Surg. 191(3):284–299. 8302. Rogers-Stevane, J. and Kauffman, G.L., Jr. 2008. A historical perspective on surgery of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 41(6):1059–1067. 8303. Sakorafas, G.H. 2010. Historical evolution of thyroid surgery: From the ancient times to the dawn of the 21st century. World J Surg. 34(8):1793–1804.

Hepatic Surgery 8304. Bismuth, H., et al. 2011. Milestones in the evolution of hepatic surgery. Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2(1).

591

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8305. Felekouras, E.S., et al. 2010. The history of liver surgery: Hepatectomy and haemostasis. Hell J Surg. 82(5):280–296. 8306. Foster, J.H. 1991. History of liver surgery. Arch Surg. 126(3):381–387. 8307. Glenn, F. and Grafe, W.R. 1966. Historical events in biliary tract surgery. Arch Surg. 93(5):848–852. 8308. Lehmann, K. and Clavien, P.A. 2010. History of hepatic surgery. Surg Clin North Am. 90(4):655–664. 8309. McClusky III, D.A., et al. 1997. Hepatic surgery and hepatic surgical anatomy: Historical partners in progress. World J Surg. 21(3):330–342. 8310. Pappalardo, G., et al. 1993. Historical evolution of the surgical anatomy of the liver. Medicina nei Secoli. 5(2):263–278. 8311. Yamanaka, N., et al. 1998. Historical evolution of hypothermic liver surgery. World J Surg. 22(10):1104–1107. 8312. Yannos, S., et al. 2013. History of biliary surgery. World J Surg. 37(5):1006–1012.

Hernia Surgery 8313. Carlson, R.I. 1956. The historical development of the surgical treatment of inguinal hernia. Surgery. 39(6):1031–1046. 8314. DeBord, J.R. 1998. The historical development of prosthetics in hernia surgery. Surg Clin of North Am. 78(6):973–1006. 8315. Read, R.C. 2004. Milestones in the history of hernia surgery: Prosthetic repair. Hernia. 8(1):8–14. 8316. Rutkow, I.M. 2003. A selective history of hernia surgery in the late eighteenth century: The treatises of Percival Pott, Jean Louis Petit, D. August Gottlieb Richter, Don Antonio de Gimbernat, and Pieter Camper. Surg Clin North Am. 83(5):1021–1044. 8317. Sachs, M., et al. 1997. Historical evolution of inguinal hernia repair. World J Surg. 21(2):218–223. 8318. Stylopoulos, N. and Rattner, D.W. 2005. The history of hiatal hernia surgery: From Bowditch to laparoscopy. Ann Surg. 241(1):185. 8319. Van Hee, R. 2011. History of inguinal hernia repair. Journal de Chirurgie. 7(3):301–317.

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

Military Surgery 8320. Edwards, D.P. 1999. The history of colonic surgery in war. J R Army Med Corps. 145(2):107–108. 8321. Hamilton, J.B. 1897. A glimpse of the history of military surgery. JAMA. 28(15):676–680. 8322. Ignjatović, M. 2006. Historical review of the development of war surgery: Part 1. Vojnosanit Pregl. 63(6):619–624. [Russian] 8323. Ignjatović, M. 2006. Historical review of the development of war surgery: Part 2. Vojnosanit Pregl. 63(7):685–690. [Russian] 8324. Ignjatović, M. 2006. Historical review of the development of war surgery: Part 3. Vojnosanit Pregl. 63(8):770–774. 8325. Schoenfeld, A.J., et al. 2012. A history of military spine surgery. Spine J. 12(9):729–736. 8326. Wright, J. 2011. A History of War Surgery. The Hill, Stroud, Gloucestershire: Amberley Publishing Limited.

Neurosurgery

8327. Friedman, A.H. 2009. An eclectic review of the history of peripheral nerve surgery. Neurosurgery. 65(S4):A3–A8. 8328. Gildenberg, P.L. 2004. The birth of stereotactic surgery: A personal retrospective. Neurosurgery. 54:199–208. 8329. Goodrich, J.T. 2004. History of spine surgery in the ancient and medieval worlds. Neurosurg Focus. 16(1):1–13. 8330. Greenblatt, S.H. 1997. A History of Neurosurgery. Park Ridge, IL: American Association of Neurological Surgeons. 8331. Horrax, G. 1952. Neurosurgery: An Historical Sketch. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. 8332. Knoeller, S.M. and Seifried, C. 2000. Historical perspective: History of spinal surgery. Spine. 25(21):2838–2843. 8333. Little, K.M., et al. 2004. An eclectic history of peripheral nerve surgery. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 15(2):109–123. 8334. Naff, N.J. and Ecklund, J.M. 2001. History of peripheral nerve surgery techniques. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 12(1):197–209. 8335. Nikova, A. and Birbilis, T. 2017. The basic steps of evolution of brain surgery. Mædica. 12(4):297–305.

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8336. Ormond, R. and Hadjipanayis, C.G. 2014. The history of neurosurgery and its relation to the development and refinement of the frontotemporal craniotomy. Neurosurg Focus. 36(4). 8337. Prevedello, D.M., et al. 2007. History of endoscopic skull base surgery: Its evolution and current reality. J Neurosurg. 107(1):206–213. 8338. Rachel, R.A. 1999. Surgical treatment of hydrocephalus: A historical perspective. Pediatr Neurosurg. 30:296–304. 8339. Sachs, E. 1952. The History and Development of Neurological Surgery. New York: Hafner Publishing Co. 8340. Selden, N.R., et al. 2013. Neurological surgery milestones. J Grad Med Educ. 5(S1):24–35. 8341. Walker, E. (Ed.). 1951. A History of Neurological Surgery. Baltimore: William Wilkins Co. 8342. Wilkins, R.H. 1965. Neurosurgical classics. J Neurosurg. 19:700–710.

Gynecological Surgery 8343. Baggish, M.S. 1984. History of the laser in gynecology. J Gynecol Surg. 1(2):89–101. 8344. Burghardt, E. 1998. Radicality in gynecologic cancer surgery: A historical perspective. Gynecol Oncol. 70(2):172–175. 8345. Lauer, J.K. and Advincula, A.P. 2021. The future of the gynecologic surgeon: Rationale for and steps toward sub specialization of complex gynecologic surgery. JMIG. 28(4):726–729. 8346. Maclaren, A. 1896. A short sketch of the history of gynecologic surgery. JAMA. 26(2):49–52. 8347. Shampo, M.A. 2000. Brief history of gynecologic surgery. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 6(4):191–194.

Ophthalmic Surgery 8348. Alberth, B. 1961. The history of keratoplasty. Szemészet. 98:123–126. [Hungarian] 8349. Aruta A, et al. 2009. History of cataract surgery. Med nei Secoli. 21(1):403–428. [Italian]

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

8350. Dellaporta, A. 1975. Historical notes on gonioscopy. Surv Ophthalmol. 20(2):137–149. 8351. Güell, J.L., et al. 2010. Phakic intraocular lenses. Part 1. historical overview, current models, selection criteria, and surgical techniques. J Cataract Refract Surg. 36(11):1976– 1993. 8352. Jaffe, N.S. 1996. History of cataract surgery. Ophthalmology. 103:S5–S16. 8353. Lee, P.P., et al. 1993. Cataract Surgery: A Literature Review and Ratings of Appropriateness and Cruciality. Santa Monica, CA: RAND. 8354. Lincoff, H. and Kreissig, I. 2000. Changing patterns in the surgery for retinal detachment, 1929–2000. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 216(6):352–359. 8355. Remy, C. and Aracil, P. 1984. History of strabismus surgery. J Fr Ophthalmol. 7(6–7):493–498. [French]

Orthopedic Surgery

8356. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 1962. Selective Bibliography of Orthopaedic Surgery. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Co. 8357. Bick, E.M. 1948. Source Book of Orthopaedics. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 8358. Bick, E.M. 1976. Classics of Orthopaedics. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott. 8359. Boyes, J.H. 1976. On the Shoulder of Giants: Notable Names in Hand Surgery. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co. 8360. Chamay, A. 1997. The history of flexor tendon surgery. Annales de Chirurgie de la Main et du Membre Superieur. 16(1):9–15. [English Summary/French] 8361. Farr, J., et al. 2011. Clinical cartilage restoration: Evolution and overview. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 469(10):2696–2705. 8362. Fritsch, K.O., et al. 2015. The orthopedic diseases of ancient Egypt. Anat Rec. 298(6):1036–1046. 8363. Hui, Z., et al. 2013. Bibliometric analysis of the orthopedic literature. Orthopedics. 36(10):e1225–e1232. 8364. Kelly, J.C., et al. 2010. The 100 classic papers of orthopaedic surgery: A bibliometric analysis. J Bone Joint Surg. 92(10):1338–1343.

595

596

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8365. Klenerman, L., Ed. 2002. The Evolution of Orthopaedic Surgery. London: Royal Society of Medicine Press. 8366. Kirkup, J. 2007. A History of Limb Amputation. London: Springer-Verlag. 8367. Lefaivre, K.A., et al. 2011. The 100 most cited articles in orthopaedic surgery. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 469(5):1487–1497. 8368. Le Vay, D. 1990. History of Orthopaedics. Lancaster, UK: Parthenon Publishing Group Ltd. 8369. Lovett, R.W. 1913. The history of scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg. 11(1):54–62. 8370. Manske, P.R. 2005. History of flexor tendon repair. Hand Clin. 21:123–127. 8371. Meals, C.G. and Meals, R.A. 2007. A history of surgery in the instrument tray: Eponymous tools used in hand surgery. J Hand Surg. 32(7):942–953. 8372. Michelson, H. and Posner, M.A. 2002. Medical history of carpal tunnel syndrome. Hand Clin. 18(2):257–268. 8373. Mostofi, S.B. 2005. Who’s Who in Orthopedics. London: Springer. 8374. Neiduski, R.L. and Powell, R.K. 2019. Flexor tendon rehabilitation in the 21st century: A systematic review. J Hand Ther. 32(2):165–174. 8375. Osgood, R.B. 1925. The Evolution of Orthopaedic Surgery. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby. 8376. Peltier, L.F. 1993. Orthopedics: A History and Iconography. San Francisco: Norman Publishing. 8377. Pfeffer, G., et al. 1988. The history of carpal tunnel syndrome. J Hand Surg. 13(1):28–34. 8378. Ponseti, I.V. 1991. History of orthopaedic surgery. Iowa Orthop J. 11:59–64. 8379. Rang, M. 1968. Anthology of Orthopaedics. Edinburgh: E. and S. Livingstone Ltd. 8380. Roberts, T.T., et al. 2013. History of the orthopedic screw. Orthopedics. 36(1):12–14. 8381. Robinson, K.P. 1991. Historical aspects of amputation. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 73(3):134–136. 8382. Sachs, M., et al. 1999. Historical evolution of limb amputation. World J Surg. 23(10):1088–1093.

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

8383. Stecco, C. and Aldegheri, R. 2008. Historical review of carpal tunnel syndrome. Chir Organi Mov. 92(1):7–10. 8384. Stern, P.J., et al. 2013. Orthopaedic surgery milestones. J Grad Med Edu. 5(1):36–58. 8385. Swarup, I. and O’Donnell, J.F. 2016. An overview of the history of orthopedic surgery. Am J Orthop. 45(7):E434–E438. 8386. Vaishya, R. 2016. The journey of articular cartilage repair. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 7(3):135–136. 8387. Whitman, R. 1907. A Treatise on Orthopedic Surgery. Philadelphia: Lea Brothers & Co. 8388. Yang, S., et al. 2016. Early-onset scoliosis: A review of history, current treatment, and future directions. Pediatrics. 137(1):e20150709. 8389. Zargaran, D., et al. 2019. Knee surgery: Trends and the 50 most cited articles. Orthop Res Rev. 11(4).

Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery

8390. Bento, R.F., et al. 2013. A brief history of mastoidectomy. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 17(2):168–178. 8391. Briggs, R.J. and Luxford, W.M. 1994. Chronic ear surgery: A historical review. Am J Otolaryngol. 15(4):558–567. 8392. Chandra, R.K., et al. 2009. Evolution of the endoscope and endoscopic sinus surgery. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 42(5):747–752. 8393. Curtin, J.M. 1987. The history of tonsil and adenoid surgery. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 20(2):415–419. 8394. Donegan, W.L. 1965. An early history of total laryngectomy. Surgery. 57(6):902–905. 8395. Eichel, B.S. 1972. The intranasal ethmoidectomy procedure: Historical, technical and clinical considerations. Laryngoscope. 82(10):1806–1821. 8396. Goldstein, J.C. and Sisson, G.A. 1996. The history of head and neck surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 115(5):379–385. 8397. Grillo, H.C. 2003. The history of tracheal surgery. Chest Surg Clin N Am. 13(2):175–189. 8398. Jacobs, J.B. 1997. 100 years of frontal sinus surgery. Laryngoscope. 107(S83):1–36.

597

598

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8399. Jovic, T.H., et al. 2020. Auricular reconstruction: A sociocultural, surgical and scientific perspective. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 73(8):1424–1433. 8400. Lacher, G. 1997. Current and historical perspectives on endolymphatic sac surgery. Acta Otolaryngol. 117(S526):50– 53. 8401. Milstein, S. 1980. The history of mastoid surgery. Am J Otolaryngol. 1(3):174–178. 8402. Mogre, D. 2017. Adenoidectomy: A historical review. Glob J Otolaryngol. 8(3):0061. 8403. Mudry, A. and Mills, M. 2013. The early history of the cochlear implant. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 139(5):446–453. 8404. Palmer, J.N. and Kennedy, D.W. 2005. Historical perspective on image-guided sinus surgery. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 38(3):419–428. 8405. Pirsig, W. 1990. History of rhinology: Nasal specula around the turn of the 19th–20th century. Rhinology. 28:113–122. 8406. Pratt, L.W., et al. 2008. Tracheotomy: Historical review. Laryngoscope. 118(9):1597–1606. 8407. Rizer, F.M. 1997. Overlay versus underlay tympanoplasty. Part I. Historical review of the literature. Laryngoscope. 107(S84):1–25. 8408. Sarkar, S. 2013. A review of the history of tympanoplasty. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 65(S3):455–460. 8409. Tajudeen, B.A. and Kennedy, D.W. 2017. Thirty years of endoscopic sinus surgery: What have we learned? World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 3(2):115–121. 8410. Westrin, K.M., et al. 1996. Zenker’s diverticulum: A historical review and trends in therapy. Acta Otolaryngol. 116(3):351– 360. 8411. Younis, R.T. and Lazar R.H. 2002. History and current practice of tonsillectomy. Laryngoscope. 112(8)S2:3–5.

Sex and Reproductive Surgery

8412. Adamson, G.D. 2011. The modern role of reproductive surgery. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 54(4):709–710.

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

8413. Buyukunal, C., et al. 2021. The history of surgery in disorders of sexual development. J Pediatr Surg. 56(2):429–433. 8414. Leme Alves da Motta, E. and Serafini, P. 2002. The treatment of infertility and its historical context. Reprod Biomed Online. 5(1):65–77. 8415. Lothstein, L.M. 1982. Sex reassignment surgery: Historical, bioethical, and theoretical issues. Am J Psychiatry. 139(4):417–426. 8416. Pauly, I.B. 1968. The current status of the change of sex operation. J Nerv Ment Dis. 147(5):460–471. 8417. Siotos, C., et al. 2019. Origins of gender affirmation surgery. Ann Plast Surg. 83(2):132–136. 8418. Tulandi, T. and Marzal, A. 2012. Redefining reproductive surgery. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 19(3):296–306. 8419. Zurada, A., et al. 2018. The evolution of transgender surgery. Clin Anat. 31(6).

Surgical Oncology 8420. Balch, C.M., et al. 2016. 2015 James Ewing Lecture: The 75year history of the society of surgical oncology. Part I: The traditional years (1940–1965). Ann Surg Oncol. 23(1):16–22. 8421. Balch, C.M., et al. 2016. 2015 James Ewing Lecture: The 75year history of the society of surgical oncology. Part II: The transitional Years (1966–1990). Ann Surg Oncol. 23(2):358– 364. 8422. Balch, C.M., et al. 2016. 2015 James Ewing lecture: 75 year history of the society of surgical oncology. Part III: The transformative years (1991–2015). Ann Surg Oncol. 23(5):1409–1417. 8423. Fisher, B. 2008. Biological research in the evolution of cancer surgery: A personal perspective. Cancer Res. 68(24):10007– 10020. 8424. Onuigbo, W.I. 1962. Historical trends in cancer surgery. Med Hist. 6(2):154–161. 8425. O’Shea, J.S. 2004. Specialization in surgical oncology: Historical perspectives. Ann Surg Oncol. 11(5):462–464.

599

600

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Trepanation and Trepanning 8426. Assina, R., et al. 2014. The history of craniotomy for headache treatment. Neurosurg Focus. 36(4):E9. 8427. Faria, M.A. 2015. Neolithic trepanation decoded—A unifying hypothesis: Has the mystery as to why primitive surgeons performed cranial surgery been solved? Surg Neurol Int. 6:72. 8428. Finger, S. and Fernando, H.R. 2001. E. George Squire and the discovery of cranial trepanation: A landmark in the history of surgery and ancient medicine. J Hist Med Allied Sci. 56(4):353–381.

Urologic Surgery 8429. Challacombe, B.J., et al. 2006. The history of robotics in urology. World J Urol. 24(2):120–127. 8430. Cwach, K. and Kavoussi, L. 2016. Past, present, and future of laparoscopic renal surgery. Investig Clin Urol. 57(S2):110– 113. 8431. Morris, H. 1898. On the Origin and Progress of Renal Surgery. London: Cassell & Company Ltd. 8432. Nahon, I., et al. 2011. The history of urologic surgery: From reeds to robotics. Urol Nurs. 31(3). 8433. Shampo, M.A. 2000. Brief history of urologic surgery. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 6(3):126–129. 8434. Thorne, I.D. and Resnick, M.I. 1986. The use of bowel in urologic surgery. An historical perspective. Urol Clin North Am. 13(2):179–191. 8435. Yates, D.R., et al. 2011. From Leonardo to da Vinci: The history of robot-assisted surgery in urology. BJU Int. 108:1708–1714.

Vascular Surgery

8436. Friedman, S.G. 2005. A History of Vascular Surgery, 2nd Edition. Blackwell Futura. 8437. Maluf, N.S.R. 1983. Use of veins in surgery. Sudhoffs Archiv. 67(1):50–73. 8438. Mishall, P.L., et al. 2016. Axillobifemoral bypass: A brief surgical and historical review. Einstein J Biol Med. 31(1–2):6.

Teratology

8439. Richling, B. 2006. History of endovascular surgery: Personal accounts of the evolution. Neurosurgery. 59(S5):30–38. 8440. Rickard, R.F. and Hudson, D.A. 2014. A history of vascular and microvascular surgery. Ann Plast Surg. 73(4):465–472. 8441. Rob, C.G. 1972. A history of arterial surgery. Arch Surg. 105(6):821–823. 8442. Rob, C.G. 1982. The Classics of Vascular Surgery. Medford, NJ: Apollo Press. 8443. Robicsek, F., et al. 2004. From Hippocrates to Palmaz-Schatz: The history of carotid surgery. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 27(4):389–397. 8444. Thompson, J.E. 1998. Early history of aortic surgery. J Vasc Surg. 28(4):746–752. 8445. van den Bremer, J. and Moll, F.L. 2010. Historical overview of varicose vein surgery. Ann Vasc Surg. 24(3):426–432. 8446. Yao, J.S.T., et al. Interviews with pioneers of vascular surgery (Special Communication). J Vasc Surg. 56(3):e52–e57.

Teratology

8447. DeSesso, J.M. 2018. The arrogance of teratology: A brief chronology of attitudes throughout history. Birth Defects Res. 11:123–141. 8448. Friedman, J.M. 2010. The principles of teratology: Are they still true? Birth Defects Res. 88(10):766–768. 8449. Holmes, L B. 2020. Memories of the Teratology Society: 1972–2020. Birth Defects Res. 112(12):935–941. 8450. Kalter, H. 2003. Teratology in the 20th Century. Elsevier Science. 8451. Shephard, T.H., et al. 2000. A history of the teratology society. Teratology. 62:301–316. 8452. Shephard, T.H., et al. 2010. An updated history of the teratology society. Birth Defects Res. 88(5):263–285. 8453. Tantibanchachai, C. 2021. From monsters to medicine: A historical analysis of changes in the field of teratology over the twentieth century. B.A. Thesis, Arizona State University. 8454. Ujházy, E., et al. 2012. Teratology: Past, present and future. Interdiscip Toxicol. 5(4):163–168.

601

602

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Therapeutic Bleeding 8455. DePalma, R., et al. 2007. Bloodletting: Past and present. J Am Coll Surg. 205(1):132–144. 8456. Ernst, E. 1981. Modern variants of bloodletting. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 106(45):1513–1516. [German] 8457. Hyson, J.M. 2005. Leech therapy: A History. J Hist Dent. 53(1):25–27. 8458. Itrat, M, et al. 2013. Historical aspects of leech therapy: A critical review. International Journal of Health Sciences & Research. 3(7):78–83. 8459. Parapia, L. 2008. History of bloodletting by phlebotomy. Br J Haematol. 143(4):490–495. 8460. Stern, H. 1915. Theory and Practice of Bloodletting. New York: Rebman Company. 8461. Whitaker, I.S., et al. 2004. Historical Article: Hirudo medicinalis: Ancient origins of, and trends in the use of medicinal leeches throughout history. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 42(2):133–137.

Translational Medicine 8462. Andersen, J. 2009. Arvid Carlsson: An early pioneer in translational medicine. Sci Transl Med. 1(2):2ps3. 8463. Curry, S.H. 2008. Translational science: Past, present, and future. Biotechniques. 44(2):ii–viii. 8464. Engebretsen, E., et al. 2020. Towards a translational medical humanities: Introducing the cultural crossings of care. J Med Humanit. DOI: 10.1136/medhum-2019-011751. 8465. Fitzgerald, D.J. and FitzGerald, G.A. 2013. Historical lessons in translational medicine: Cyclooxygenase inhibition and P2Y12 antagonism. Circulation Res. 112(1):174–194. 8466. Friese, C. 2013. Realizing potential in translational medicine: The uncanny emergence of care as science. Current Anthropology. 54(S7):S129–S138. 8467. Fuster, V. 2014. The 3 pathways of translational medicine: An evolution to a call-and-response method. J Am Coll Cardiol. 64(2):223–225.

Transplantation

8468. Hey, S.P. 2019. Heuristics and explanation in translational medicine. Perspect Biol Med. 62(4):675–689. 8469. Hoehn, R.S. and Abbott, D.E. 2015. Beyond the bedside: A review of translational medicine in global health. World J Transl Med. 4(1):1–10. 8470. Littman, B.H., et al. 2007. What’s next in translational medicine? Clin Sci. 112(4):217–227. 8471. Mankoff, S.P., et al. 2004. Lost in translation: Obstacles to translational medicine. J Transl Med. 2:14. 8472. Mendell, J.R. 2020. Translational medicine: Evolution, fulfillment, and belief in gene therapy. Hum Gene Ther. 31(12):14–19. 8473. Nathan, D.G. 2002. Careers in translational clinical research: Historical perspectives, future challenges. JAMA. 287(18):2424–2427. 8474. Valent, P., et al. 2016. Paul Ehrlich (1854–1915) and his contributions to the foundation and birth of translational medicine. J Innate Immun. 8(2):111–120. 8475. Wehling, M. 2008. Translational medicine: Science or wishful thinking? J Transl Med. 6(1):31.

Transplantation General History

8476. Baker, R.P. and Hargreaves, V. 2001. Organ donation and transplantation: A brief history of technological and ethical developments. Adv Bioethics. 7:1–42. 8477. Barker, C.F. and Markmann, J.F. 2013. Historical overview of transplantation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 3(4):a014977. 8478. Bergan, A. 1997. Ancient myth, modern reality: A brief history of transplantation. J Biocommun. 24(4):2–9. 8479. Bezinover, D. and Saner, F. 2019. Organ transplantation in the modern era. BMC Anesthesiol. 19:32. 8480. Brent, L. 1996. A History of Transplantation Immunology. Cambridge, MA: Academic Press.

603

604

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8481. Calne, R. 1994. The history and development of organ transplantation: Biology and rejection. Bailliere Clin Gastroenterol. 8:389–397. 8482. Calne, R. 2006. Essay history of transplantation. Lancet. 368:551–552. 8483. Cameron, J.S. 2018. The prehistory of transplantation: Up to the 1950s. G Ital Nefrol. 35(S70). 8484. Carrel, A. 1905. The transplantation of organs. A preliminary communication. JAMA. 45(22):1645–1646. 8485. Doyle, A.M., et al. 2004. Organ transplantation: Halfway through the first century. J Am Soc Nephrol. 15(12):2965– 2971. 8486. Federle, M.P. 1995. Milestones and future trends in solid organ transplantation. Radiol Clin North Am. 33(3):417–434. 8487. Fox, R.C. and Swazey, J.P. 1974. The Courage to Fail: A Social View of Organ Transplantation and Dialysis. University of Chicago Press. 8488. Hakim, N.S. and Papalois, V.E. (Eds.). 2003. History Of Organ And Cell Transplantation. World Scientific. 8489. Hamilton, D. 2012. A History of Organ Transplantation: Ancient Legends to Modern Practice. Pittsburg: University of Pittsburgh Press. 8490. Jonsen, A.R. 2012. The ethics of organ transplantation: A brief history. AMA J Ethics. 14(3):264–268. 8491. Kellmeyer, P. 2004. Bibliography on Transplantation and Ethics. Geneva: World Health Organization, Ethics, Trade, Human Rights and Health Law. 8492. Linden, P.K. 2009. History of solid organ transplantation and organ donation. Crit Care Clin. 25(1):165–184. 8493. Marino, I.R. and Cirillo, C. 2014. An abridged photographic history of organ transplantation. Exp Clin Transplant. S1:11– 16. 8494. Schlich, T. 2010. The Origins of Organ Transplantation: Surgery and Laboratory Science, 1880–1930. Boydell and Brewer, University of Rochester Press. 8495. Sirico, L.J., Jr. 2012. Donating and procuring organs: An annotated bibliography. Law Library Journal. 104(2):2012– 2022.

Transplantation

8496. Starzl, T.E. 2000. History of clinical transplantation. World J Surg. 24(7):759–782. 8497. Terasaki, P.I. 2012. A personal perspective: 100-year history of the humoral theory of transplantation. Transplantation. 93(8):751–756. 8498. Terasaki, P.I. (Ed.) 2018. History of Transplantation: Thirtyfive Recollections. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Tissue Typing Laboratory. 8499. Watson, C.J. and Dark, J.H. 2012. Organ transplantation: Historical perspective and current practice. Br J Anaesth. 108(S1):i29–i42.

Organ Donation and Procurement 8500. Anthony, S. and Requena, P. 2013. Organ donation is not mutilation: The history of an erroneous idea. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly. 13(3):427–436. 8501. Beatty, B. 1998. Organ procurement organizations: A history and overview of LifeLink. Journal of the Medical Association of Georgia. 87(2):83–85. 8502. DeVita, M.A., et al. 1993. History of organ donation by patients with cardiac death. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 3(2):113–129. 8503. Howard, R.J., et al. 2012. History of deceased organ donation, transplantation, and organ procurement organizations. Prog Transplant. 22(1):6–17. 8504. Keller, K.A. 2002. The Bed of Life: A Discussion of organ donation, its legal and scientific history, and a recommended opt-out solution to organ scarcity. Stetson Law Review. 32:855–895. 8505. Prottas, J.M. 1989. The organization of organ procurement. J Health Polit Policy Law. 14(1):41–56. 8506. Richardson, R. 2006. Human dissection and organ donation: A historical and social background. Mortality. 11(2):151– 165. 8507. Siminoff, L.A., et al. 2013. Consent to organ donation: A review. Prog Transplant. 23(1):99–104. 8508. Sirico, L. 2012. Donating and procuring organs: An annotated bibliography. Law Library Journal. 104(2):285.

605

606

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8509. Zawistowski, C.A. and DeVita, M.A. 2003. Non-heart beating organ donation: A review. J Intensive Care Med. 18(4):189– 197.

Bone and Bone Marrow Transplantation

8510. Bassett, C.A.L. and Rüedi-Lindecker, A. 1964. Bibliography of bone transplantation. Transplantation. 2(5):668–679. 8511. Buckley, R.H. 2004. A historical review of bone marrow transplantation for immunodeficiencies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 113(4):793–800. 8512. de La Morena, M.T. and Gatti, R.A. 2011. A history of bone marrow transplantation. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 25(1):1–15. 8513. Gross, T.P., et al. 1993. History and current application of bone transplantation. Orthopedics. 16(8):895–900. 8514. Perry, A.R. and Linch, D.C. 1996. The history of bone-marrow transplantation. Blood Rev. 10(4):215–219. 8515. Thomas, E.D. 2000. Bone marrow transplantation: A historical review. Medicina. 33(3):209–218. 8516. Williams, A. and Szabo, R.M. 2004. Bone transplantation. Orthopedics. 27(5):488–495.

Cartilage Transplantation 8517. Alford, J.W. and Cole, B.J. 2005. Cartilage restoration: Part 1. Basic science, historical perspective, patient evaluation, and treatment options. Am J Sports Med. 33(2):295–306. 8518. Farr, J., et al. 2011. Clinical cartilage restoration: Evolution and overview. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 469(10):2696–2705. 8519. Peer, L.A. 1960. Bibliography on cartilage transplantation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 26(4):477–479.

Corneal Transplantation 8520. Armitage, W.J., et al. 2006. The first successful full‐thickness corneal transplant: A commentary on Eduard Zirm’s landmark paper of 1906. Br J Ophthalmol. 90(10):1222–1223.

Transplantation

8521. Crawford, A.Z., et al. 2013. A brief history of corneal transplantation: From ancient to modern. Oman J Ophthalmol. 6(S1):S12. 8522. Gain, P.G., et al. 2016. Global survey of corneal transplantation and eye banking. JAMA Ophthalmol. 134(2):167–173. 8523. Koryllos, K. 1961. History of corneal transplantation. Hell Iatr. 30:715–722. [Greek] 8524. Moffatt, S.L., et al. 2005. Centennial review of corneal transplantation. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 33(6):642–657. 8525. Paton, R.T. 1950. Corneal transplantation: A historical review. Am J Ophthalmol. 33(3):3–5. 8526. Röck, T., et al. 2017. The evolution of corneal transplantation. Ann Transplant. 22:749–754.

Face, Hand, Lower Extremities, and Skin Transplantation 8527. Alberti, B. and Hoyle, V. 2021. Face transplants: An international history. J Hist Med Allied Sci. DOI: 10.1093/ jhmas/jrab019. 8528. Alolabi, N., et al. 2017. Hand transplantation: Current challenges and future prospects. Transplant Research & Risk Management. 9:23–29. 8529. Ang, G.C. 2005. History of skin transplantation. Clin Dermatol. 23(4):320–324. 8530. Biernoff, S. 2018. Theatres of surgery: The cultural pre history of the face transplant. Wellcome Open Res. 3:54. 8531. Cavadas, P.C., et al. 2011. The Spanish experience with hand, forearm, and arm transplantation. Hand Clin. 27(4):443–453. 8532. Chick, L.R. 1988. Brief history and biology of skin grafting. Ann Plast Surg. 21(4):358–365. 8533. Errico, M., et al. 2012. History and ethics of hand transplants. J R Soc Med. 3(10):1–6. 8534. Foroohar, A., et al. 2011. The history and evolution of hand transplantation. Hand Clin. 27(4):405–409. 8535. Garrett, G.L., et al. 2015. Facial transplantation: Historical developments and future directions. J Laryngol Otol. 129(3):206–211.

607

608

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8536. Giatsidis, G., et al. 2017. Reflections on a decade of face transplantation. Ann Surg. 265(4):841–846. 8537. Hauben, D.J., et al. 1982. The history of free skin transplant operations. Acta Chir Plast. 27:66–70. 8538. Kvernmo, H.D., et al. 2005. Hand transplantation. Acta Orthop. 76(1):14–27. 8539. Petrini, C. 2015. Facial transplants: Current situation and ethical issues. Clin Ter. 166(5):215–217. 8540. Roche, N.A., et al. 2015. Facial transplantation: History and update. Acta Chir Belg. 115(2):99–103. 8541. Shores, J.T., et al. 2011. The current state of hand transplantation. J Hand Surg. 36(11):1862–1867. 8542. Siemionow, M. 2016. The miracle of face transplantation after 10 years. Br Med Bull. 120(1):5–14. 8543. Swanson, E.W., et al. 2015. Lower extremity allotransplantation: Are we ready for prime time? Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation. 2(2):37–46. 8544. Theodorakopoulou, E., et al. 2017. A review of the world’s published face transplant cases: Ethical perspectives. Scars Burns Heal. 3:1–10.

Gastrointestinal Transplantation 8545. Cunha-Melo, J.R. and Costa, G. 2014. Intestinal transplantation: Evolution and current status. Medical Express. 1(6). DOI: 10.5935/medicalexpress.2014.06.05. 8546. Desai, C.S., et al. 2012. Intestinal transplantation: A review. Indian J Gastroenterol. 31:217–222. 8547. Margreiter, R. 1997. The history of intestinal transplantation. Transplant Rev. 11(1):9–21. 8548. Starzl, T.E., et al. 1993. The transplantation of gastrointestinal organs. Gastroenterology. 104(3):673–679. 8549. Todo, S., et al. 1994. Current status of intestinal transplantation. Adv Surg. 27:295–316. 8550. Watson, A.J.M. and Lear, P.A. 1989. Current status of intestinal transplantation. Gut. 30:1771–1782.

Transplantation

Heart And Heart and Lung Transplantation 8551. Cooper, D.K.C. 1969. Transplantation of the heart and both lungs. I. Historical review. Thorax. 24(4):383–390. 8552. DiBardino, D.J. 1999. The history and development of cardiac transplantation. Texas Heart Inst J. 26(3):198. 8553. Hassoulas, J. 2011. Heart transplantation: Research that lead to the first human transplant in 1967. South Afr Med J. 101(2):97–101. 8554. Kolkailah, A.A., et al. 2018. Bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most cited articles in the first 50 years of heart transplantation. Am J Cardiol. 123(1):175–186. 8555. Lansman, S.L., et al. 1990. The history of heart and heart-lung transplantation. Cardiovasc Clin. 20(2):3–19. 8556. Longmore, D.B., et al. 1969. Transplantation of the heart and both lungs. II. Experimental cardiopulmonary transplantation. Thorax. 24(4):391–398. 8557. Margreiter, R. 2016. History of lung and heart-lung transplantation, with special emphasis on German-speaking countries. Transplant Proc. 48(8):2779–2781. 8558. Mendeloff, E.N. 2002. The history of pediatric heart and lung transplantation. Pediatr Transplant. 6(4):270–279. 8559. Roussel, J.C., et al. 2008. Outcome of heart transplants 15 to 20 years ago: Graft survival, post-transplant morbidity, and risk factors for mortality. J Heart Lung Transplant. 27(5):486– 493. 8560. Silwa, K. and Zilla, P. 2017. 50th Anniversary of the first Human heart transplant: How is it seen today? Eur Heart J. 38(46):3402–3404. 8561. Stolf, N.A.G. 2017. History of heart transplantation: A hard and glorious journey. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 32(5):423–427. 8562. Ventura, H.O. and Muhammed, K. 2001. Historical perspectives on cardiac transplantation: The past as prologue to challenges for the 21st century. Curr Opin Cardiol. 16(2):118–123.

609

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Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

Kidney Transplantation 8563. Benjamens, S., et al. 2018. Have we forgotten imaging prior to and after kidney transplantation? Eur Radiol. 28:3263–3267. 8564. Carrel, A. 1908. Transplantation in mass of the kidneys. J Exp Med. 10:98–140. 8565. Egdahl, R.H. and Hume, D.M. 1958. Bibliography of kidney transplantation. Transplant Bull. 5(1):37–38. 8566. Groth, C.G. 1972. Landmarks in clinical renal transplantation. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 134(2):327–328. 8567. Kauffman, H.M., et al. 1965. Bibliography of kidney transplantation. Transplantation. 3:278–285. 8568. Kuss, R. 1996. The history of kidney transplantation. Prog Urol. 6(5):677–682. [French] 8569. Lawler, R.H. 1950. Homotransplantation of the kidney in human: Preliminary report. JAMA. 144:844–845. 8570. Rickard, M., et al. 2019. Publication trends in pediatric renal transplantation: Bibliometric analysis of literature from 1950 to 2017. Pediatr Transplant. 2013:23e13455. 8571. Shrestha, B. and Raftery, A. 2015. Historical perspectives in kidney transplantation: An update review. Prog Transplant. 25:64–69. 8572. Starzl, T.E. 1990. The development of clinical renal transplantation. Am J Kidney Dis. 16(6):548–556. 8573. Trolinger, M. 2016. Kidney transplant for the 21st century. Physician Assistant Clinics. 1(1):205–220. 8574. Verghese, P.S. 2017. Pediatric kidney transplantation: A historical review. Pediatr Res. 81(1):259–264.

Liver Transplantation

8575. Goodrich, E.O. 1960. Bibliography of liver transplantation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 26(4):464–465. 8576. Meirelles Júnior, R.F., et al. 2015. Liver transplantation: History, outcomes and perspectives. Einstein (Sao Paulo). 13(1):149–152. 8577. Otte, J.B. 2002. History of pediatric liver transplantation. Where are we coming from? Where do we stand? Pediatr Transplant. 6(5):378–387.

Transplantation

8578. Sass, D.A. and Doyle, A.M. 2016. Liver and kidney transplantation: A half-century historical perspective. Med Clin. 100(3):435–448. 8579. Song, A.T.W., et al. 2014. Liver transplantation: Fifty years of experience. World J Gastroenterol. 20(18):5363–5374. 8580. Starzl, T.E and Fung, J.J. 2010. Themes of liver transplantation. Hepatology. 51:1869–1884.

Lung Transplantation 8581. Benfield, J.R. and Wain, J.C. 2000. The history of lung transplantation. Chest Surg Clin N Am. 10(1):189–199. 8582. Bracken, C.A., et al. 1997. Lung transplantation: Historical perspective, current concepts, and anesthetic considerations. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 11(2):220–241. 8583. Dabak, G. 2013. History of lung transplantation. Solunum. 15(2):82–87. [Hungarian Abstract/English] 8584. Grover, F.L., et al. 1997. The past, present, and future of lung transplantation. Am J Surg. 173:523–533. 8585. Kaiser, L.R. and Cooper, J.D. 1992. The current status of lung transplantation. Adv Surg. 25:259–307. 8586. Mathew, J. and Kratzke, R.A. 2009. Lung cancer and lung transplantation: A review. J Thorac Oncol. 4(6):753–760. 8587. Panchabhai, T.S., et al. 2018. Historical perspectives of lung transplantation: Connecting the dots. J Thoracic Dis. 10(7):4516. 8588. Venuta, F. and Van Raemdonck, D. 2017. History of lung transplantation. J Thorac Dis. 9(12):5458–5471. 8589. Young, K.A. and Dilling, D.F. 2019. The future of lung transplantation. Chest. 155(3):465–473.

Neural and Stem Cell Transplantation

8590. Borges, L.F. 1988. Historical development of neural transplantation. Appl Neurophysiol. 51(6):265–277. 8591. Boyer, K.L. and Bakay, R.A.E. 1995. The history, theory, and present status of brain transplantation. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 6(1):113–125.

611

612

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8592. Das, G.D. 1990. Neural transplantation: An historical perspective. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 14(4):389–401. 8593. Dupont, B. 1997. Immunology of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A brief review of its history. Immunol Rev. 157(1):5–12. 8594. Gash, D.M. and Sladek, J.R. 1989. Neural transplantation: Problems and prospects—where do we go from here? (Editorial). Mayo Clin Proc. 64:363–367. 8595. Juric, M.K., et al. 2016. Milestones of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: From first human studies to current developments. Front Immunol. 7:Article 470. 8596. Little, M.T. and Storb, R. 2002. History of hematopoietic stemcell transplantation. Nat Rev Cancer. 2(3):231–238. 8597. Singh, A.K. and McGuirk, J.P. 2016. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation: A historical and scientific overview. Cancer Res. 76(22):6445–6451.

Ovarian and Uterine Transplantation 8598. Brännström, M., et al. 2003. Uterine transplantation. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 109(2):121–123. 8599. Castellón, L.A.R., et al. 2017. The history behind successful uterine transplantation in humans. JBRA Assist Reprod. 21(2):126. 8600. Gosden, R.G. 2008. Ovary and uterus transplantation. Reproduction. 136:671–680. 8601. Jones, B.P., et al. 2016. Uterine transplantation: Past, present and future. BJOG. 123(9):1434–1438. 8602. Krohn, P.L. 1955. Bibliography of ovarian transplantation. Transplant Bull. 2(1):15–29. 8603. Marin, L., et al. 2020. History, evolution and current state of ovarian tissue auto-transplantation with cryopreserved tissue: A successful translational research journey from 1999 to 2020. Reproduct Sci. 27(4):955–962. 8604. Zaami, S., et al. 2019. Advancements in uterus transplant: New scenarios and future implications. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 23:892–902.

Transplantation

Pancreas Transplantation 8605. Downing, R. 1984. Historical review of pancreatic islet transplantation. World J Surg. 8(2):137–142. 8606. Han, D.J. and Sutherland, D.E.R. 2010. Pancreas transplantation. Gut Liver. 4(4):450–465. 8607. Ichii, H. and Ricordi, C. 2009. Current status of islet cell transplantation. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 16:101–112. 8608. Robertson, R.P. 1992. Pancreatic and islet transplantation for diabetes: Cures or curiosities? N Engl J Med. 327(26):1861– 1868. 8609. Robertson, R.P. 2004. Islet transplantation as a treatment for diabetes: A work in progress. N Engl J Med. 350:694–705. 8610. Paramesh, A.S., et al. 2007. Pancreas transplantation: A controversy in evolution. J La State Med Soc. 159(6):319–323. 8611. Squifflet, J.P., et al. 2008. The history of pancreas transplantation: Past, present and future. Acta Chir Belg. 108(3):367–378.

Pediatric Transplantation 8612. Balistreri, W.F. 1998. Transplantation for childhood liver disease: An overview. Liver Transpl Surg. 4(5 S1):S18–S23. 8613. Reyes, J. and Mazariegos, G.V. et al. 1999. Pediatric transplantation. Surg Clin North Am. 79(1):163–189. 8614. Reyes, J., et al. 2002. Pediatric intestinal transplantation: Historical notes, principles, and controversies. Pediatr Transplant. 6:193–207. 8615. Rickard, M., et al. 2019. Publication trends in pediatric renal transplantation: Bibliometric analysis of literature from 1950 to 2017. Pediatr Transplant. 23(5):e13455.

Tissue Engineering and Transplantation

8616. Berthiaume, F., et al. 2011. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: History, progress, and challenges. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng. 2(1):403–430.

613

614

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8617. de Vries, R.B.M., et al. 2008. Ethical aspects of tissue engineering: A review. Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 14(4):367–375. 8618. Fortuine, R., et al. 1960. Bibliography of hematopoietic tissue transplantation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 25(4):434–440. 8619. Joyce, M.J. 2001. American Association of Tissue Banks: A historical reflection upon entering the 21st century. Cell Tissue Bank. 1(1):5–8. 8620. Kaul, H., et al. 2015. On the genealogy of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 21(2):203– 217. 8621. Snell, G.D. 1964. The terminology of tissue transplantation. Transplantation. 2:655–657. 8622. Song, H.-H., et al. 2018. Vascular tissue engineering: Progress, challenges, and clinical promise. Cell Stem Cell. 22:340–354. 8623. Vacanti, C.A. 2006. The history of tissue engineering. J Cell Mol Med. 10(3):569–576.

Xenotransplantation 8624. Auchincloss, H., Jr. 1988. Xenogeneic transplantation: A review. Transplantation. 46(1):1–20. 8625. Loike, J.D. and Kadish, A. 2018. Ethical rejections of xenotransplantation? EMBO Reports. 19:e46337. 8626. Malouin, R. 1994. Surgeon’s quest for life: The history and the future of xenotrans-plantation. Perspect Biol Med. 37(2):416– 428. 8627. Reemtsma, K. 1995. Xenotransplantation: A historical perspective. ILAR J. 37(1):9–12. 8628. Starzl, T.E., et al. 1997. The future of transplantation: With particular reference to chimerism and xenotransplantation. Transplant Proc. 29(1–2):19–27.

Tropical Medicine 8629. Anderson, W. 1996. Immunities of empire: Race, disease, and the new tropical medicine, 1900–1920. Bull Hist Med. 70(1):94–118.

Tropical Medicine

8630. Arnold, D. (Ed.). 1996. Warm Climates and Western Medicine: The Emergence of Tropical Medicine, 1500–1900. Amsterdam: Rodopi. 8631. Chaudhuri, R.N. 1954. Tropical medicine: Past, present, and future. BMJ. 2(4885):423. 8632. Chernin, E. 1977. Milestones in the history of tropical medicine and hygiene. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 26:1053–1104. 8633. Cook, G.C. 2006. History of tropical medicine: William Ernest Cooke, FRCSI (1879–1967) and his Asian tour of 1929–1930. Acta Trop. 100(1–2):1–10. 8634. Cook, G.C. 2012. Origin of a Medical Specialty: The Seamen’s Hospital Society and Tropical Medicine. Tropzam. 8635. De Cock, K.M., et al. 1995. Fortnightly review: Tropical medicine for the 21st century. BMJ. 311(7009):860–862. 8636. Falagas, M.E., et al. 2006. A bibliometric analysis of global trends of research productivity in tropical medicine. Acta Trop. 99(2–3):155–159. 8637. Farley, J. 1991. A History of Tropical Diseases. London: The Wellcome Trust. 8638. Farley, J. 2003. Bilharzia: A History Of Imperial Tropical Medicine. Cambridge University Press. 8639. Gibson, A.D.S. 2009. Miasma revisited: The intellectual history of tropical medicine. Aust Fam Physician. 38(1/2):57–59. 8640. Gilks, C.F. 1997. Tropical medicine in the HIV/AIDS era. Lancet. 349:S17–S18. 8641. Gilles, H.M. and Lucas, A.O. 1998. Tropical medicine: 100 years of progress. Br Med Bull. 54(2):269–280. 8642. Jay, V. 2000. Sir Patrick Manson: Father of tropical medicine. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 124(11):1594–1595. 8643. Kean, B.H., et al. 1978. Tropical medicine and parasitology. Classic investigations, Vols I and II. Cornell University Press. 8644. Keiser, J. and Utzinger, J. 2005. Trends in the core literature on tropical medicine: A bibliometric analysis from 1952–2002. Scientometrics. 62(3):351–365. 8645. Low, G.C. 1928. The history of the foundation of the Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 22(2):197–202.

615

616

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8646. McAdam, K.P. and McAdam, K.P. 1994. Careers in tropical medicine: Training for the future. Med J Aust. 160(8):506– 511. 8647. Mertens, M. 2009. From ‘triumphalism’ to ‘postcolonialism’: Trends in the historiography of tropical medicine. Studium. 2(2):78–91. 8648. Naraindas, H. 1996. Poisons, putrescence and the weather: A genealogy of the advent of tropical medicine. Contributions to Indian Sociology. 30(1):1–35. 8649. Neill, D. 2012. Networks in Tropical Medicine: Internationalism, Colonialism, and the Rise of a Medical Specialty, 1890–1930. Stanford University Press. 8650. Power, H.J. 1999. Tropical Medicine in the Twentieth Century: A History of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, 1898– 1990. London: Routledge. 8651. Scott, H.H. 1942. A History of Tropical Medicine. Based on the Fitzpatrick Lectures Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians of London 1937–1938. Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Co. 8652. Sodeman, W.A., Jr. 1994. Sherlock Holmes and tropical medicine: A centennial appraisal. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 50(1):99–101. 8653. Warren, K.S. 1990. Tropical medicine or tropical health: The Heath Clark lectures, 1988. Rev Infect Dis. 12(1):142–156. 8654. Wilcocks, C. 1963. A historical trend in tropical medicine. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 57(6):395–408. 8655. Yoeli, M. 1972. The evolution of tropical medicine: A historical perspective. J Urban Health. 48(10):1231–1246.

Urology

8656. Abdel-Halim, R.E. 2009. The missing link in the history of urology: A call for more efforts to bridge the gap. Urol Ann. 1(1):2. 8657. Al-Hayek, S. and Abrams, P. 2010. The 50-year history of the ice water test in urology. J Urol. 183(5):1686–1692. 8658. Ballenger, G., et al. (Eds.). 1933. History of Urology. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins Co.

Vaccinology

8659. Goodwin, W.E. 1937. The development of urology as a scientific and clinical discipline. J Kidney Dis. 16(6):563–567. 8660. Heldwein, F.L., et al. 2010. Classics of urology: A half century history of the most frequently cited articles, 1955–2009. Urology. 75:1261–1268. 8661. Herman, J.R. 1973. Urology: A View Through the Retrospectroscope. Hagerstown, MD: Harper & Rowe. 8662. Landes, R., et al. (Eds.). 1976. Perspectives in Urology. Nutley, NJ: Roche Laboratories. 8663. Leapman, M.S., et al. 2017. Up and away: Five decades of urologic investigation in microgravity. Urology. 106:18–25. 8664. Lewis, B. 1907. The dawn and evolution of urology. Am J Urol. 3:289–297. 8665. Lewis, B. 1933. History of Urology. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 8666. Moore, T.D. 1923. A history of the development of urology as a specialty. J Urol. 10(2):99–119. 8667. Morson, A.C. 1961. The history of the International Society of Urology. Br J Urol. 33(3):271–274. 8668. Murphy, L.J.T. 1972. The History of Urology. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher. 8669. Neuburger, M. and Riesman, D. 1937. The early history of urology. Bull Med Lib Assoc. 25(3):147–165. 8670. Patel, S.R. and Nakada, S.Y. 2013. Standing on the shoulders of giants: Teaching the history of urology. Urology. 81(6):1131– 1134. 8671. Rugendorff, E.W. and Wilson, T. 1997. The history of urology on postage stamps and cancellations. J Urol. 158(4):1335– 1339. 8672. Williams, D.I. 2003. The history of paediatric urology: Personal recollections 1948–1978. BJU Int. 92(S1):1–3.

Vaccinology

8673. American Medical Association. 1913. The History of Inoculation and Vaccination for the Prevention and Treatment of Disease. London: Burroughs Wellcome & Co.

617

618

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas

8674. André, F.E. 2003. Vaccinology: Past achievements, present roadblocks and future promises. Vaccine. 21(7–8):593–595. 8675. Artenstein, A.W. (Ed.) 2010. Vaccines: A Biography. New York: Springer Science. 8676. Benn, C.S., et al. 2020. Vaccinology: Is it time to change the paradigm? Lancet Infect Dis. 3099(19)30742-x. 8677. Bernstein, A., et al. 2011. Systems vaccinomics: The road ahead for vaccinology. Omics. 15(9):529–531. 8678. Boylston, A. 2012. The origins of inoculation. J R Soc Med. 105(7):309–313. 8679. Crookshank, E.M. 1889. History and Pathology of Vaccination, Volume 1. A Critical Inquiry. London: H.K. Lewis. 8680. Crookshank, E.M. 1889. History and Pathology of Vaccination, Volume 2. Selected Essays. London: H.K. Lewis. 8681. De La Condamine, M. 1773. The History of Inoculation. New Haven: T. and S. Green. 8682. Hilleman, M.R. 2000. Vaccines in historic evolution and perspective: A narrative of vaccine discoveries. Vaccine. 18:1436–1447. 8683. Jefferson, T. 2001. A basic glossary of vaccinology. J Epidemiol Community Health. 55:294–295. 8684. Jenner, E. 1801. On the origin of the vaccine inoculation. The Medical Physical Journal. 5(28):505–508. 8685. Kirkpatrick, J. 1754. The Analysis of Inoculation: Comprising the History, Theory and Practice of It. London: J. Millan. 8686. Klebs, A.C. 1913. The historic evolution of variolation. Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin. 24(265). 8687. Lombard, M., et al. 2007. A brief history of vaccines and vaccination. Rev Sci Tech. 26(1):29–48. 8688. Poland, G.A. 1999. Current paradoxes and changing paradigms in vaccinology. Vaccine. 17(13–14):1605–1611. 8689. Schwartz, J.L. 2012. New media, old messages: Themes in the history of vaccine hesitancy and refusal. AMA J Ethics. 14(1):50–55. 8690. Stern, A.M. and Markel, H. 2005. The history of vaccines and immunization: Familiar patterns, new challenges. Health Aff. 24(3):611–621.

Vaccinology

8691. Tuells, J. 2012. Vaccinology: The name, the concept, the adjectives. Vaccine. 30:5491–5495. 8692. Wack, A. and Rappuoli, R. 2005. Vaccinology at the beginning of the 21st century. Curr Opin Immunol. 17(4):411–418. 8693. Winterburn, G.W. 1886. The Value of Vaccination: A NonPartisan Review of its History and Results. Philadelphia: F.E. Boericke, Hahnemann Publishing House.

619

Section 8

Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

A number of scientific and humanity related disciplines are allied with medicine. In the process, each discipline is enriched and benefits from overlapping aims and interests.

Anthropology

8694. Bhasin, V. 2007. Medical anthropology: A review. Ethnomedicine. 1(1):1–20. 8695. Ember, C.R. and Ember, M. 2003. Encyclopedia of Medical Anthropology. Springer. 8696. Colson, A.C. and Selby, K.E. 1974. Medical anthropology. Annual Review of Anthropology. 3(1):245–262. 8697. Comelles, J.M. 1997. The fear of (one’s own) history. On the relations between medical anthropology, medicine and history. Dynamis. 17:37–68. 8698. Fabrega, H., Jr. 1971. Medical anthropology. Biennial Review of Anthropology. 7:167–229. 8699. Gravlee, C.C. and Sweet, E. 2008. Race, ethnicity, and racism in medical anthropology, 1977–2002. Med Anthropol. 22(1):27– 51. From Hippocrates to COVID-19: A Bibliographic History of Medicine Dale A. Stirling Copyright © 2023 Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd. ISBN 978-981-4968-35-5 (Hardcover), 978-1-003-28278-5 (eBook) www.jennystanford.com

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Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

8700. Inhorn, M.C. 2007. Medical anthropology at the intersections. Med Anthropol. 21(3):249–255. 8701. Panter-Brick, C. and Eggerman, M. 2018. The field of medical anthropology in social science and medicine. Soc Sci Med. 196:233–239. 8702. Pool, R. and Geissler, W. 2005. Medical Anthropology. UK: McGraw-Hill Education. 8703. Scheper-Hughes, N. and Lock, M.M. 1987. The mindful body: A prolegomenon to future work in medical anthropology. Med Anthropol Q. 1(1):6–41. 8704. Scotch, N.A. 1963. Medical anthropology. Biennial Review of Anthropology. 3:30–68. 8705. Singer, M. 1989. The coming of age of critical medical anthropology. Soc Sci Med. 28(11):1193–1203.

Bacteriology

8706. Amsterdamska, O. 1987. Medical and biological constraints: Early research on variation in bacteriology. Soc Stud Sci. 17(4):657–687. 8707. Baldry, P. 1976. The Battle Against Bacteria. London: Cambridge University Press. 8708. Behrens, C.A. 1947. The historical development of medical bacteriology. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Sciences. 57:172–177. 8709. Bergey, D.H. 1916. The pedagogics of bacteriology. J Bacteriol. 1(1):5–14. 8710. Bulloch, W. 1938. The History of Bacteriology. London: Oxford University Press. 8711. Conn, H.W. and Conn, H.J. 1924. Bacteriology: A Study of Microorganisms and Their Relation to Human Welfare, Discussing the History of Bacteriology, the Nature of Microorganisms, and Their Significance in Connection with Pathology, Hygiene, Agriculture, and the Industries. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins. 8712. Flexner, S. 1920. 25 years of bacteriology: A fragment of medical research. Science. 52(1357):615–632.

Biology and Microbiology

8713. Foster, W.D. 1970. A History of Medical Bacteriology and Immunology. London: Heinemann. 8714. Grainger, T.H., Jr. 1958. A Guide to the History of Bacteriology. New York: Ronald Press. 8715. Sedgwick, W.T. 1901. The origin, scope, and significance of bacteriology. Science. 13(317):121–128. 8716. Sedgwick, W.T. 1916. The genesis of a new science: Bacteriology. J Bacteriol. 1(1):1–4. 8717. Webb, M.B. 1962. Highlights in the early history of bacteriology. M.S. Thesis, Oklahoma State University.

Biology and Microbiology

8718. Balaban, E. 2006. Cognitive developmental biology: History, process, and fortune’s wheel. Cognition. 101(2):298–332. 8719. Baranov, A.A., et al. 2015. A new epoch in medical microbiology. Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 85(6):515–522. 8720. Brock, T.D. (Ed.). 1961. Milestones in Microbiology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 8721. Collard, P. 1976. The Development of Microbiology. Cambridge University Press. 8722. Crowe, N., et al. 2015. The diversification of developmental biology. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 53:1–15. 8723. Doetsch, R.N. (Ed.). 1960. Microbiology: Historical Contributions from 1776 to 1908. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. 8724. Drews, G. 2000. The roots of microbiology and the influence of Ferdinand Cohn on microbiology of the 19th century. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 24:225–249. 8725. Gabridge, M.G. 1974. Medical microbiology: Deficits and remedies. Acad Med. 49(4):389–391. 8726. Howie, J.W. 1966. Microbiology as a medical discipline. BMJ. 1(5481):189–192. 8727. McLachlan, J.C. 1999. The use of models and metaphors in developmental biology. Endeavour. 23(2):51–55. 8728. O’Malley, M.A. and Boucher, Y. 2005. Paradigm change in evolutionary microbiology. Stud Hist Phil Biol Biomed Sci. 36:183–208.

623

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Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

8729. Unknown Author. 1969. Bibliographic references. Microbiology, parasitology, immunology. G Batteriol Virol Immunol. 62(1):65–81. [Italian] 8730. Unknown Author. 1969. Bibliographic references: Microbiology]. G Batteriol Virol Immunol. 62(4):224–238. [Italian] 8731. van Belkum, A. 2003. Molecular diagnostics in medical microbiology: Yesterday, today and tomorrow. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 3(5):497–501.

Chemistry and Biochemistry 8732. Bearman, D. and Edsall, J.T. (Eds.). 1980. Archival Sources for the History of Biochemistry and Microbiology. Boston: American Academy of Arts & Sciences. 8733. Bowen, J.P. and Zhong, H. 2016. The evolution of medicinal chemistry. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. 16(9):897– 898. 8734. Corrall, A.E. 1964. The Story of Biochemistry. New York: Philosophical Library, Inc. 8735. Fruton, J.S. 1977. Selected Bibliography of Biographical Data for the History of Biochemistry Since 1800. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. 8736. Fulton, T.B., et al. 2012. Medical biochemistry in the era of competencies: Is it time for the Krebs Cycle to go? Med Sci Educ. 22(1):29–32. 8737. Kohler, R.E. 1975. The history of biochemistry: A survey. J Hist Biol. 8(2):275–318. 8738. Kohler, R.E. 1982. From Medical Chemistry to Biochemistry: The Making of a Biomedical Discipline. University of Pennsylvania Press. 8739. Multhauf, R.P. 1954. John of Rupescissa and the origin of medical chemistry. Isis. 45(4):359–367. 8740. Needham, D.M.M. and Teich, M. 1992. A Documentary History of Biochemistry, 1770–1940. Rutherford, NJ: Farleigh Dickinson University Press. 8741. Poynter, F.N. (Ed.). 1963. Chemistry in the Service of Medicine. London: Pitman Medical Publishing Co.

Cytology and Histology

8742. Singh, P., et al. 2004. History of biochemistry. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 34(1):75–86. 8743. Stieglitz, J. (Ed.). 1928. Chemistry in Medicine: A Cooperative Treatise Intended to Give Examples of Progress Made in Medicine with the Aid of Chemistry. New York: The Chemical Foundation. 8744. Van Pilsum, J.F. and Roon, R.J. 1986. Medical Biochemistry: Principles and Experiments. University of Minnesota Press.

Cytology and Histology

8745. Alturkistani, H.A., et al. 2016. Histological stains: A literature review and case study. Glob J Health Sci. 8(3):72–79. 8746. Ansari, N.A. and Derias, N.W. 1997. Origins of fine needle aspiration cytology. J Clin Pathol. 50:541–543. 8747. Bracegirdle, B. 1977. The history of histology: A brief survey of sources. Hist Sci. 15:77–101. 8748. Coleman, R. 2000. The impact of histochemistry: A historical perspective. Acta Histochem. 102(1):5–14. 8749. Diamantis, A. and Androutsos, G. 2008. Highlights from the history of hormonal cytology. Hormones. 7(2):184–186. 8750. Diamantis, A. and Magiorkinis, E. 2013. Pioneers of exfoliative cytology in the 19th century: The predecessors of George Papanicolaou. Cytopathology. DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12074. 8751. Diamantis, A., et al. 2013. A brief chronicle of cytology: From Janssen to Papanicoulaou. Diagnost. Cytopathology. 41(6):555–564. 8752. Friedenwald, J.S. Histochemistry: A review. Pharmacol Rev. 7(1):83–96. 8753. Hajdu, S.I. and Ehya, H. 2008. A note from history: Foundation of diagnostic cytology. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 38(3):296–299. 8754. Hughes, A. 1959. A History of Cytology. New York: AbelardSchuman, Inc. 8755. Pearse, A.G.E. 1953. The place of histochemistry today. Postgrad Med J. 29(337):536–537. 8756. Pearse, A.G.E. 1975. The role of histochemistry in increasing objectivity in histopathology. Postgrad Med J. 51(600):708– 710.

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8757. Riva, M.A., et al. 2014. Histochemistry: Historical development and current use in pathology. Biotech Histochem. 89(2):81– 90. 8758. Wick, M.R. 2018. Diagnostic histochemistry: A historical perspective. Semin Diagn Pathol. 35(6):354–359.

Ecology

8759. Audy, J R. 1958. Medical ecology in relation to geography. Br J Clin Pract. 12(2):102–110. 8760. Leatherman, T.L., et al. 1993. On seeking common ground between medical ecology and critical medical anthropology. Med Anthropol Q. 7(2):202–207. 8761. McLaren, L. and Hawe, P. 2005. Ecological perspectives in health research. J Epidemiol Community Health. 59(1):6–14. 8762. Prado, H.M. and Murrieta, R.S.S. Ethnoecology in perspective: The origins, interfaces, and current trends of a growing field. Ambiente Sociedade. 18(4):133–154. 8763. Rapport, D.J., et al. 2003. Linking health and ecology in the medical curriculum. Enviro Int. 29(2–3):353–358. 8764. Singer, M. 1989. The limitations of medical ecology: The concept of adaptation in the context of social stratification and social transformation. Med Anthropol. 10(4):223–234.

Embryology

8765. Abbott, M.E. 1936. A history of embryology. CMAJ. 34(1):82– 85. 8766. Burian, R.M. and Gilbert, S.F. 2000. Selected bibliography on history of embryology and development. Hist Philos Life Sci. 22(3):325–333. 8767. Gilbert, S.F. and Sarkar, S. 2000. Embracing complexity: Organicism for the 21st century. Dev Dyn. 219(1):1–9. 8768. Horder, T.J., et al (Eds.). 1986. A History of Embryology. Cambridge University Press. 8769. Hossfled, U., et al. 2015. The history of embryology seen through the lens of a human embryo model (embryo his/br3)

Embryology

8770. 8771. 8772. 8773. 8774. 8775. 8776. 8777. 8778. 8779. 8780. 8781. 8782.

made by Firma Osterloh in Leipzig. Studies in the History of Biology. 7(1):79–86. Jordanova, L. 2010. Public history and the public understanding of medicine: The case of embryology. History Workshop Journal. 70(1):217–221. Keller, E. 2000. Embryonic individuals: The rhetoric of seventeenth-century embryology and the construction of early-modern identity. Eighteenth-Century Studies. 33(3):321–348. Leperchey, F. and Barbet, J.P. 1998. The origins of embryology. Epistemological and cultural viewpoints. Morphologie. 82(258):19–28. Meyer, A.W. 1939. The Rise of Embryology. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press. Montagu, M.F. 1949. Early history of embryology. CIBA Symp. 19:994–1028. Murillo-González, J. 2001. Evolution of embryology: A synthesis of classical, experimental, and molecular perspectives. Clin Anat. 14:158–163. Needham, J. 1935. Limiting factors in the advancement of science as observed in the history of embryology. Yale J Biol Med. 8(1):1–18. Needham, J. 1959. A History of Embryology. Cambridge: The University Press. Oppenheimer, J.M. 1967. Essays in the History of Embryology and Biology. Cambridge: The MIT Press. Oppenheimer, J.M. 1975. Reflections on 50 years of publications on the history of general biology and special embryology. Q Rev Biol. 50:373–387. Oppenheimer, J.M. 1984. Basic embryology and clinical medicine: A case history in serendipity. Bull Hist Med. 58(2):236–240. Sarton, G. 1931. The discovery of the mammalian egg and the foundation of modern embryology. Isis. 16(2):315–330. Wilberding, J. 2015. Plato’s embryology. Early Sci Med. 20(2):150–168.

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Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

Entomology 8783. Adler, P.H. 2016. Medical entomology: A necessity. Rev Salud Publica (Bogotá). 18(2):164–166. 8784. Herms, W.B. 1915. Medical and Veterinary Entomology. London: The Macmillan Co. 8785. Leclercq, M. 1988. Entomology applied to legal medicine. Its origins, its evolution. Acta Med Leg Soc (Liege). 38(1):225– 232. [French] 8786. Service, M.W. 1978. A short history of medical entomology. J Med Entomol. 14(6):603–626. 8787. Vincent, C., et al. 1985. A bibliography of forensic entomology. J Med Entomol. 22(2):212–219.

Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 8788. Anderson, R. 1991. The efficacy of ethnomedicine: Research methods in trouble. Med Anthropol. 13(1–2):1–17. 8789. Anyinam, C. 1995. Ecology and ethnomedicine: Exploring links between current environmental crisis and indigenous medical practices. Soc Sci Med. 40(3):321–329. 8790. Clement, D. 1998. The historical foundations of ethnobiology. Journal of Ethnobiology. 18(2):161–187. 8791. Green, E.C. 1998. Etiology in human and animal ethnomedicine. Agric Human Values. 15:127–131. 8792. Nichter, M. 1991. Ethnomedicine: Diverse trends, common linkages (Commentary). Med Anthropol. 13(1–2):137–171. 8793. Pieroni, A. 2006. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine: Achievements and perspectives. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2:10. 8794. Vandebroek, I., et al. 2020. Reshaping the future of ethnobiology research after the COVID-19 pandemic. Nat Plants. 7:723–730.

Human Factors and Ergonomics 8795. Cafazzo, J.A. and St-Cyr, O. 2012. From discovery to design: The evolution of human factors in healthcare. Healthc Q. 15:24–29.

Mathematics and Physics

8796. Jastrzębowski, W.B. 2012. The roots of ergonomics. The Journal of Science of Labour. 88(6):189–219. [English Abstract/Japanese] 8797. Johnson, R.R. 1994. The unfortunate human factor: A selective history of human factors for technical communicators. Technical Communication Quarterly. 3(2):195–212. 8798. Meister, D. 1999. The History of Human Factors and Ergonomics. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 8799. Parker, S.H. 2015. Human factors science: Brief history and applications to healthcare. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 45(12):390–394. 8800. Rice, V.J. and Sind, P.M. 1991. An Industrial Ergonomics Bibliography: Prevention of Cumulative Trauma Through Workplace Analysis (Note No. 92-1). Natick, MA: U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command. 8801. Ronco, P.G. 1963. A bibliography and overview of human factors reference works. Hum Factors. 5(6):550–568. 8802. Russ, A.L., et al. 2013. The science of human factors: Separating fact from fiction. BMJ Qual Saf. 22:802–808.

Mathematics and Physics

8803. Ashrafian, H. 2013. Mathematics in medicine: The 300year legacy of iatromathematics (Correspondence). Lancet. 382(9907):1780. 8804. Keevil, S.F. 2012. Physics and medicine: A historical perspective. Lancet. 379(9825):1517–1524. 8805. Mills, M. 2019. State of the medical physics profession in 2019 (Editorial). J Appl Clin Med Phys. 20(1):4. 8806. Newhauser, W.D. The medical physics workforce (Note). Health Phys. 112(2):139–148. 8807. Samei, E. and Grist, T.M. 2018. Why physics in medicine? J Am Coll Radiol. 15(7):1008–1012. 8808. Sheynin, O.B. 1981. On the history of medical statistics. Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 26:241–286. 8809. Tabakov, S. 2017. History of medical physics-A brief project description. Medical Physics International. 5(1):68–69.

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8810. Zayed, A.I. 2019. A new perspective on the role of mathematics in medicine. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. 17:49– 54.

Mortuary Science

8811. Bartel, B. 1982. A historical review of ethnological and archaeological analyses of mortuary practice. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. 1(1):32–58. 8812. Binford, L.R. 1971. Mortuary practices: Their study and their potential. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology. 25:6–29. 8813. Brenner, E. 2014. Human body preservation: Old and new techniques. J Anat. 224(3):316–344. 8814. Cahill, S.E. 1995. Some rhetorical directions of funeral direction: Historical entanglements and contemporary dilemmas. Work and Occupations. 22(2):115–136. 8815. Carr, C. 1995. Mortuary practices: Their social, philosophicalreligious, circumstantial, and physical determinants. Journal of Archaeological Method & Theory. 2(2):105–200. 8816. Cobb, A.G. 1892. Earth Burial and Cremation. The history of Earth Burial with its Attendant Evils, and the Advantages Offered by Cremation. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons. 8817. Eassie, W. 1875. Cremation of the Dead. Its History and Bearings Upon Public Health. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 8818. Gannal, J.N. 1840. History of Embalming, and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History: Including an Account of a New Process for Embalming. Philadelphia: Judah Dobson. 8819. McCurdy, C.W. 1895. Embalming and embalming fluids, with the bibliography of embalming. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Wooster. 8820. Mendelsohn, S. 1940. Embalming Fluids; Their Historical Development and Formulation: From the Standpoint of the Chemical Aspects of the Scientific Art of Preserving Human Remains. Revere, MA: Chemical Publishing Company. 8821. Thompson, H. 1891. Modern Cremation. Its History and Practice. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. Ltd.

Nutritional Science

8822. Trompette, P. and Lemonnier, M. 2009. Funeral embalming: The transformation of a medical innovation. Science Studies. 22(2):9–30.

Mycology 8823. Ainsworth, G.C. 1986. Introduction to the History of Medical and Veterinary Mycology. Cambridge University Press. 8824. Emmons, C.W. 1961. Mycology and medicine. Mycologia. 53(1):1–10. 8825. Jillson, O.F. 1953. Mycology. New Engl J Med. 249:523–530. 8826. Nickerson, W.J. 1953. Medical mycology. Annu Rev Microbiol. 7(1):245–272.

Nutritional Science 8827. Carpenter, K.J. 2003. A short history of nutritional science. Part 1, 1785–1885. J Nutr. 133(3):638–645. 8828. Carpenter, K.J. 2003. A short history of nutritional science. Part 2, 1885–1912. J Nutr. 133(4):975–984. 8829. Carpenter, K.J. 2003. A short history of nutritional science. Part 3, 1912–1944. J Nutr. 133(10):3023–3032. 8830. Carpenter, K.J. 2003. A short history of nutritional science: Part 4 (1945–1985). J Nutr. 133:3331–3342. 8831. Delluc, B. and Delluc, G. 1995. La nutrition préhistorique. Périgueux: Pilote. [French] 8832. Egan, M.C. 1994. Public health nutrition: A historical perspective. J Acad Nutr Diet. 94(3):298–304. 8833. Galdston, I. (Ed.). 1960. Human Nutrition: Historic and Scientific. New York: International Universities Press. 8834. Kiliari, N. 2011. Nutritional medicine: A vital partner of 21st century medicine. Doctoral Dissertation, Middlesex University. 8835. McCay, C.M. 1973. Notes on the History of Nutritional Research. Vienna: Hans Huber Publishers. 8836. McCollum, E.V. 1957. A History of Nutrition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

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8837. Meldrum, J.M. 1993. What is nutritional medicine? Nutr Health. 9(2):135–150. 8838. Mozaffarian, D., et al. 2018. History of modern nutrition science: Implications for current research, dietary guidelines, and food policy. BMJ Clin Res. 361:k2392. 8839. Ridgway, E., et al. 2019. Historical developments and paradigm shifts in Public Health Nutrition Science, guidance and policy actions: A narrative review. Nutrients. 11(3):531.

Parasitology

8840. Cox, F.E. 2002. History of human parasitology. Clin Microbiol Rev. 15(4):595–612. 8841. Cox, F.E. 2009. George Henry Falkiner Nuttall and the origins of parasitology and Parasitology. Parasitology. 136:1389– 1394. 8842. Cox, F.E. 2016. The golden age of parasitology - 1875–1925: The Scottish contributions. Parasitology. 144(12):1567– 1581. 8843. Foster, W.D. 1965. A History of Parasitology. London: E. and S. Livingstone. 8844. Hoberg, E.P. 2002. Foundations for an integrative parasitology: Collections, archives, and biodiversity informatics. Comp Parasitol. 69(2):124–131. 8845. Leidy, J. 1904. Research in Helminthology and Parasitology. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 46, Art. 3. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. 8846. Leiper, R.T. 1929. Landmarks in Medical Helminthology. J Helminthol. 7:101–118. 8847. Reinhard, E.G. 1957. Landmarks of parasitology. I. The discovery of the life cycle of the liver fluke. Exp Parasitol. 6(2):208–232. 8848. Reinhard, E.G. 1957. Landmarks of parasitology. II. Demonstration of the life cycle and pathogenicity of the spiral threadworm. Exp Parasitol. 7(1):108–123. 8849. Reinhard, K.J. 1992. Parasitology as an interpretive tool in archaeology. American Antiquity. 57(2):231–245.

Pharmacy

8850. Trompoukis, C., et al. 2007. From the roots of parasitology: Hippocrates’ first scientific observations in helminthology. J Parasitol. 93(4):970–972. 8851. Trouve, S. and Morand, S. 1998. Controversies in parasitology. Evolution of parasites’ fecundity. Int J Parasitol. 28(11):1817– 1819.

Pharmacy

General History 8852. Anderson, S. (Ed.). 2005. Making Medicines: A Brief History of Pharmacy and Pharmaceuticals. London: Pharmaceutical Press. 8853. Andrews, T. 1986. Guide to the Literature of Pharmacy and the Pharmaceutical Sciences. Littleton, CO: Libraries Unlimited. 8854. Corcoran, J.J. (Ed.). 1940. Introductory Essays on the History of Pharmacy. Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing Co. 8855. Doyle, P.A. (Ed.). 1962. Readings in Pharmacy. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 8856. Fincher, J.H., et al. (Eds.). 1986. Dictionary of Pharmacy. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press. 8857. Flannery, M.A. 2001. Building a retrospective collection in pharmacy: A brief history of the literature with some considerations for U.S. health sciences library professionals. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 89(2):212–221. 8858. Gabriel, J.M. 2014. Medical Monopoly: Intellectual Property Rights and the Origins of the Modern Pharmaceutical Industry. University of Chicago Press. 8859. Gershenfeld, L. 1933. Why the history of pharmacy? J Am Pharm Assoc. 22(11):1187. 8860. Gleisner, D.S. 1981. Pharmacy reference sources: A bibliography with annotations. Reference Services Review. 9(4):37–49. 8861. Goldin, C. and Katz, L.F. 2016. A most egalitarian profession: Pharmacy and the evolution of a family-friendly occupation. Journal of Labor Economics. 34(3):705–746.

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Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

8862. Grier, J. 1937. A History of Pharmacy. London: Pharmaceutical Press. 8863. Higby, G.J. and Stroud, E.C. 1995. The History of Pharmacy: A Selected Annotated Bibliography. New York: Garland Publishing. 8864. Kremers, E. 1916. A Bibliographic Guide for Students of the History of Pharmacy. 8865. La Wall, C.H. 1927. Four Thousand Years of Pharmacy: An Outline History of Pharmacy and the Allied Science. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott. 8866. O’Donnell, J.T. 1988. History of the development of standards of practice in the profession of pharmacy. J Pharm Pract. 1(1):3–10. 8867. Pearson, G.J. 2007. Evolution in the practice of pharmacy: Not a revolution. CMAJ. 176(9):1295–1296. 8868. Savage, D.A. 1994. The professions in theory and history: The case of pharmacy. Business & Economic History. 23(2):129– 160. 8869. Simon, J. 2016. The shaping of modern pharmacy (Essay Review). Ambix. 63(1):66–70. 8870. Sonnedecker, G. 1958. Some Bibliographic Aids for Historical Writers in Pharmacy. Madison: American Institute of the History of Pharmacy. 8871. Sonnedecker, G. 1976. Kremers and Urdang’s History of Pharmacy, 4th Edition. Madison, WI: American Institute of the History of Pharmacy. 8872. Temin, P. 1978. The Evolution of the Modern Pharmaceutical Industry (Working Paper No. 223). Cambridge: MIT, Department of Economics. 8873. Thompson, C.J.S. 1929. The Mystery and Art of the Apothecary. London: Jane Lane The Bodley Head Ltd. 8874. Trease, G.E. 1964. Pharmacy in History. London: Bailliere, Tindall & Cox. 8875. Watkins, E.S. 2009. From history of pharmacy to pharmaceutical history. Pharm Hist. 51(1):3–13. 8876. Wootton, A.C. 1910. Chronicles of Pharmacy. London: Macmillan.

Pharmacy

Pharmacy Specialties 8877. Acquisto, N.M. and Hays, D.P. 2015. Emergency medicine pharmacy: Still a new clinical frontier. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 72(23):2092–2096. 8878. Bemus, A.M., et al. 1996. Task analysis of home care pharmacy. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 53(23):2831–2839. 8879. Benedict, N. and Hess, M.M. 2015. History and future of critical care pharmacy practice. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 72:2101–2105. 8880. Bing, C.M. 1988. Integration of standards into high-tech home care pharmacy practice. J Pharm Pract. 1(1):45–52. 8881. Bornstein, C. 2008. Hospital pharmacy: A global profession makes history. Can J Hosp Pharm. 61(6):461. 8882. Carmichael, J.M. and Hall, D.L. 2015. Evolution of ambulatory care pharmacy practice in the past 50 years. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 72:2087–2091. 8883. Delafuente, J.C. 2006. Reflections on geriatric pharmacy practice: The times they are a changin’. Ann Pharmacother. 40(5):950–951. 8884. De Oliveria Martins, D.T. 2019. The historical development of pharmacopoeias and the inclusion of exotic herbal drugs with a focus on Europe and Brazil. J Ethnopharmacol. 240:111891. 8885. Doloresco, F. and Vermeulen, L.C. 2009. Global survey of hospital pharmacy practice. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 66(S3):s13–s19. 8886. Elliott, R.A. 2016. Geriatric medicine and pharmacy practice: A historical perspective. J Pharm Pract Res. 46(2):169–177. 8887. Erstad, B.L. 2008. A primer on critical care pharmacy services. Ann Pharmacother. 42(12):1871–1881. 8888. Fink III J.L. 1995. Compounding versus manufacturing in pharmacy practice: A regulatory challenge. J Pharm Pract. 8(3):103–114. 8889. Francke, G.N. 1969. Evolvement of ‘clinical pharmacy.’ Drug Intel Clin Pharm. 3(12):348–354. 8890. Fry, P.D. 1997. Planning the basics of a mail-service pharmacy. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 54(5):520, 523.

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8891. Goldspiel, B.R. 1995. Global advances in oncology pharmacy practice. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 1(S1):3–5. 8892. Holbrook, M.E. 1983. Home health care pharmacy: Why it represents a new, exciting practice. Pharmacy Times. 49(8):21. 8893. Holcombe, B.J. 1996. Oncology pharmacy as a specialty (Editorial). Am J Health Syst Pharm. 53(7):734–736. 8894. Holle, L.M., et al. 2017. Pharmacists’ roles in oncology pharmacy services: Results of a global survey. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 23(3):185–194. 8895. Hoppe-Tichy, T. 2010. Current challenges in European oncology pharmacy practice. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 16(1):9– 18. 8896. Horgan, C., et al. 1990. The role of mail service pharmacies. Health Affairs. 66–74. 8897. Jorgenson, J.A. 2010. Specialty pharmacy: Status and future direction. American Journal of Pharmacy Benefits. 2(6):347– 348. 8898. Kober, S. 2008. The evolution of specialty pharmacy. Biotechnol Healthc. 5(2):50–51. 8899. Lamy, P.P., et al. 1983. Geriatrics and gerontology: Pharmacists’ perceptions of geriatric pharmacy practice. Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 17(2):134–138. 8900. Majerus, T.C. and Dasta, J.F. (Eds.). 1985. Practice of Critical Care Pharmacy. Rockville, MD: Aspen Systems Corp. 8901. Matsoso, M.P. 2009. Future vision and challenges for hospital pharmacy. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 66(S3):s9–s12. 8902. Morris, C.R. and Hickman, M.J. 1977. Medical oncology pharmacy: A new role for the clinical pharmacist. Am J Pharm Educ. 41(3):278–280. 8903. Parascandola, J., et al. 1976. Clinical pharmacy in historical perspective. Drug Intel Clin Pharm. 10:505–528. 8904. Pergolizzi, J.V., Jr., et al. 2013. Compounding pharmacies: Who is in charge? Pain Pract. 13(3):253–257. 8905. Procailo, K., et al. 2016. Specialty pharmacy: Trending to the future. Pharm Today. 22(10):77–92.

Pharmacy

8906. Roman, C., et al. 2018. Roles of the emergency medicine pharmacist: A systematic review. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 75(1):796–806. 8907. Rudis, M.I. and Attwood, R.J. 2011. Emergency medicine pharmacy practice. J Pharm Pract. 24(2):135–145. 8908. Sewell, G.J. 1999. Oncology pharmacy in the new millennium. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 5(3):143–144. 8909. Shane, R. 2007. Management of chronic diseases in the 21st century: The emerging role of specialty pharmacies. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 64(22):2382–2385. 8910. Shank, B.R., et al. 2015. Advances in oncology pharmacy practice. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 72(23):2098–2100. 8911. Smith, W.E. 2007. Clinical pharmacy: Reflections and forecasts. Ann Pharmacother. 41(2):325–328. 8912. Staiger, C. 2003. Standard operating procedures in community pharmacy: An historical example. Pharm Hist (London). 33(2):21. 8913. Stanton, T.H. and Konnor, D.D. 1991. Regulation of mail‐order pharmacy: A critique. J Leg Med. 12(2):257–265. 8914. Stolpe, S.F., et al. 2011. Historical development and emerging trends of community pharmacy residencies. Am J Pharm Educ. 75(8):160. 8915. Suchanek, D. 2005. The rise and role of specialty pharmacy. Biotechnol Healthc. 2(5):31–32, 34–35. 8916. Tatsuno, M. 1996. History of the professionalization of modern clinical pharmacy. Revue d’histoire de la Pharmacie. 44(S312):144–146. [French] 8917. Vanscoy, G.J. 2000. The emergence of specialty pharmacy. J Managed Care Pharm. 6(4):280–284. 8918. Vanscoy, G., et al. 2020. The reemergence of specialty pharmacy. J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 26(3):234–235. 8919. Wiggins, J.M. and Albanese, J.A. 2019. A brief history of pharmacopoeias: A global perspective. Pharmaceutical Technology. 1–6.

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Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

Sociology 8920. Blaxter, M. 2000. Medical sociology at the start of the new millennium. Soc Sci Med. 51(8):1139–1142. 8921. Bury, M.R. 1986. Social constructionism and the development of medical sociology. Sociol Health Illn. 8(2):137–169. 8922. Cockerham, W.C. 1981. Medical sociology. Int Rev Mod Sociol. 11(1–2):233–250. 8923. Collyer, F. 2010. Origins and cannons: Medicine and the history of sociology. Hist Hum Sci. 23(2):86–108. 8924. Gold, M. 1977. A crisis of identify: The case of medical sociology. J Health Soc Behav. 18(2):160–168. 8925. Freeman, H.E. and Reeder, L.G. 1957. Medical sociology: A review of the literature. Medical Sociology Review. 22(1):73– 81. 8926. Hankin, J.R. and Wright, E.R. 2010. Reflections on fifty years of medical sociology (Editorial). J Health Soc Behav. 51(S):s10– s14. 8927. Hollingshead, A.B. 1973. Medical sociology: A brief review. MMFQ. 51(4):531–544. 8928. Seale, C. 2008. Mapping the field of medical sociology: A comparative analysis of journals. Sociol Health Illn. 30(5):677–695. 8929. Straus, R. 1957. The nature and status of medical sociology. Am Sociol Rev. 22(2):200–204.

Thanatology 8930. Bardis, P.D. 1981. History of Thanatology: Philosophical, Religious, Psychological, and Sociological Ideas Concerning Death from Primitive Times to the Present. Lanham University Press. 8931. Chapple, H.S., et al. 2017. The body of knowledge in thanatology: An outline. Death Studies. 41(2):118–125. 8932. Davidson, G.W. 1971. Histories and rituals of destiny: Implications for thanatology. Soundings. 54(4):415–434.

Toxicology

8933. Doka, K.J., et al. 2011. The organization of thanatology. Omega (Westport). 63(2):113–124. 8934. Fonseca, L.M. and Testoni, I. 2012. The emergence of thanatology and current practice in death education. Omega (Westport). 64(2)1:157–169. 8935. Kutscher, M.L. 1975. A Comprehensive Bibliography of the Thanatology Literature. New York: MSS Information Corp. 8936. Park, R. 1912. Thanatology: A questionnaire and a plea for a neglected study. JAMA. 58(17):1243–1246. 8937. Poteet, G.H. 1976. Death and Dying: A Bibliography (1950– 1974). Troy, NY: Whitson.

Toxicology

General History 8938. Afshari, C.A., et al. 2011. The evolution of bioinformatics in toxicology: Advancing toxicogenomics. Toxicol Sci. 120(S1):S225–S237. 8939. Balls, M., et al. (Eds.). The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. 8940. Berg, N., et al. 2011. Toxicology in the 21st century: Working our way towards a visionary reality. Toxicol in Vitro. 25(4):874–881. 8941. Bertomeu, J.R. 2013. Managing uncertainty in the academy and the courtroom: Normal arsenic and nineteenth-century toxicology. Isis. 104(2):197–225. 8942. Beyer, K.H., Jr. 1966. Perspectives in toxicology. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 8:1–5. 8943. Clendinning, J. 1830. Observations, Medical and Literary, Relative to the History of Poison. London: J. Barfield. 8944. Devi, B.M. 2006. Toxicology literature: An informetric analysis. doctoral dissertation, Cochin University of Science & Technology. 8945. Doull, J. 2001. Toxicology comes of age. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 41:1–21.

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640

Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

8946. Duffus, J.H. 1993. Glossary for chemists of terms used in toxicology. Pure Appl Chem. 65(9):2003–2122. 8947. Duffus, J.H., et al (Eds.). 2017. Comprehensive Glossary of Terms Used in Toxicology. London: Royal Society of Chemistry. 8948. Flanagan, R.J., et al. 1988. Developments in toxicology: Retrospect and prospect. Hum Toxicol. 7:391–392. 8949. Gettler, A.O. 1956. The historical development of toxicology. J Forensic Sci. 1:3–25. 8950. Griffin, J.P. 1993. Famous names in toxicology. Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev. 12:213–214. 8951. Guengerich, F.P. 2004. Where is toxicology headed in the future? Drug Metab Rev. 36(3–4):475–486. 8952. Gundert-Remy, U., et al. 2015. Toxicology: A discipline in need of academic anchoring: The point of view of the German Society of Toxicology. Arch Toxicol. 89(10):1881–1893. 8953. Hayes, W.J., Jr. 1972. The discipline of toxicology: Its future in training and research. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 25:502–506. 8954. Hayes, A.W. and Dixon, D. 2017. Cornerstones of toxicology. Toxicol Pathol. 45(1):57–63. 8955. Hoekstra, B. 2000. Where are the ‘roots of toxicology’? Vet Hum Toxicol. 42:244–246. 8956. Holland, J.W. 1911. A Textbook of Medical Chemistry and Toxicology. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co. 8957. Langman, L.J., et al. 2006. Toxicology: Then and now. Clin Biochem. 39(5):498–510. 8958. Library of Congress. 1969. A Directory of Information Resources in the United States: General Toxicology. Washington, D.C.: National Referral Center for Science and Technology. 8959. Litovitz, T.L. 1989. Toxicology: An annotated bibliography of the recent literature. Am J Emerg Med. 7(1):104–109. 8960. Nordberg, M., et al. 2007. Explanatory dictionary of key terms in toxicology. Pure Appl Chem. 79(9):1583–1633. 8961. Nordberg, M., et al. 2010. Explanatory dictionary of key terms in toxicology. Part II. (IUPAC recommendations 2010). Pure Appl Chem. 82(3):679–751. 8962. Orfila, M.P. 1817. A General System of Toxicology (Abridged and translated from the French by Joseph G. Nancrede). Philadelphia: M. Carey & Son.

Toxicology

8963. Oser, B.L. 1987. Toxicology, then and now. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol. 7:427–443. 8964. Pappas, A.A., et al. 1999. Toxicology: Past, present and future. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 29(4):253–262. 8965. Parke, D.V. 1996. The phoenix of modern toxicology (Commentary). Fund Appl Toxicol. 34:1–4. 8966. Plaa, G.L. 2001. Toxicologists and the founding of the Society of Toxicology. Toxicol Sci. 60(1):3–5. 8967. Radenkova-Saeva, J. 2008. Historical development of toxicology. Acta Medica Bulgarica. 35(1):47–52. 8968. Ramoutsaki, I.A., et al. 2000. The roots of toxicology: An etymology approach. Vet Hum Toxicol. 42(2):111. 8969. Rose, P.B. 1880. Handbook of Toxicology. Ann Arbor: The Courier Steam Printing House. 8970. Seifert, P. 1954. Toxicology in classical antiquity. Hippokrates. 25(12):389–393. [German] 8971. Stirling, D.A. 2006. History of toxicology and allied sciences: A bibliographic review and guide to suggested readings. Int J Toxicol. 25:261–268. 8972. Tansey, T. 1993. The history of toxicology: The long and short of it. Hum Exp Toxicol. 12:459–461. 8973. Wexler, P. (Ed.). 2017. Toxicology in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. London: Academic Press. 8974. Wexler, P. (Ed.) 2018. Toxicology in Antiquity (2nd Edition). London: Academic Press.

Toxicology Specialties

Analytical, Clinical, and Computational Toxicology 8975. Eckardt, R. E. 1958. Clinical toxicology and the practicing physician. JAMA. 166:1949–1954. 8976. Ekins, S. 2014. Progress in computational toxicology. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 69(2):115–140. 8977. Flanagan, R.J., et al. 1995. Basic Analytical Toxicology. Geneva: World Health Organization. 8978. Greene, N. and Pennie, W. 2015. Computational toxicology, friend or foe? Toxicol Res. 4(5):1159–1172.

641

642

Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

8979. Kavlock, R.J., et al. 2008. Computational toxicology: A state of the science mini review. Toxicol Sci. 103(1):14–27. 8980. Kłys, M. 2011. Clinical toxicology in the historical and contemporary aspects. Przegl Lek. 68(8):399–404. [Polish] 8981. Lovejoy, F. H. 2001. Clinical toxicology: Built better than they knew. Reflections on yesterday, today and tomorrow. Vet Hum Toxicol. 43:113–116. 8982. Vale, J. A. 2001. Does clinical toxicology have a future—Louis Roche Lecture. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 39:232. 8983. Wax, P. 2002. The origins of analytical toxicology, arsenic detection, and the trials of Mary Blandy and Marie Lafarge. Mithridata. 12:3–4. 8984. Wiener, S.W. and Hoffman, R.S. 2005. Trends in clinical toxicology: Advances that may change your practice. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 97(1):1–7.

Aquatic, Archaeological, Ecological, Environmental, Veterinary and Wildlife Toxicology 8985. Banks, J.E. and Stark, J.D. 1998. What is ecotoxicology? An ad-hoc grab bag or an interdisciplinary science? Integr Biol. 1(5):195–204. 8986. Cairns, J., Jr. 1988. Putting the eco in ecotoxicology. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 8(2):226–238. 8987. Cairns, J., Jr. 1993. Will there ever be a field of landscape toxicology (Editorial). Environ Toxicol Chem. 12(4):609–610. 8988. Cairns, J., Jr. and Mount, D. 1990. Aquatic toxicology. Environ Sci Technol. 24(2):154–161. 8989. Cairns, J. Jr and Niederlehner, B.R. 1996. Developing a field of landscape ecotoxicology. Ecological Applications. 6(3):790– 796. 8990. Cairns, J. Jr and Pratt, J.R. 1993. Trends in ecotoxicology. Sci Total Environ. 134:7–22. 8991. Costa, D.L. 2018. Historical highlights of air pollution toxicology. Toxicol Sci. 164(1):5–8. 8992. Ericson, J.E. and Coughlin, E.A. 1981. Archaeological toxicology. Ann NY Acad Sci. 376:393–403.

Toxicology

8993. Groten, J.P., et al. 2004. Toxicology of chemical mixtures: A challenging quest along empirical sciences. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 18(3):185–192. 8994. Hoffman, D.J., et al. 1990. Wildlife toxicology. Environ Sci Technol. 24(3):276–283. 8995. Kendall, R.J. 1982. Wildlife toxicology. Environ Sci Technol. 16(8):448a–453a. 8996. Kendall, R.J. 2016. Wildlife toxicology: Where we have been and where we are going. Environmental & Analytical Toxicology. 6:1. 8997. Kendall, R.J. and Smith, P.N. 2003. Wildlife toxicology revisited. Environ Sci Technol. 179a–183a. 8998. Koeman, J. H. and. Strik, J.J. 1981. Environmental toxicology: Its history and future with special attention to the situation in the Netherlands. Veterinary Quarterly. 3(4):196–199. 8999. Macek, K.J. 1980. Aquatic toxicology: Fact or fiction? Environ Health Perspect. 34:59–62. 9000. Malins, D.C. 1991. Perspectives in aquatic toxicology. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 31:371–399. 9001. Moiseenko, T.I. 2008. Aquatic ecotoxicology: Theoretical principles and practical application. Water Resources. 35(5):530–541. 9002. Monosson, E. 2005. Chemical mixtures: Considering the evolution of toxicology and chemical assessment. Environ Health Perspect. 113(4):383–390. 9003. Moriarty, F. 1988. Ecotoxicology. Hum Toxicol. 7(5):437–441. 9004. Nordberg, M., et al. 2009. Glossary of terms used in ecotoxicology. Pure Appl Chem. 81(5):829–970. 9005. Oehme, F.W. 1977. Veterinary toxicology: The epidemiology of poisonings in domestic animals. Clin Toxicol. 10(1):1–21. 9006. Parmigiani, S., et al. 1998. Ethotoxicology: An evolutionary approach to the study of environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Toxicol Ind Health. 14(1–2):333–339. 9007. Peterson, E.K., et al. 2017. Integrative behavioral ecotoxicology: Bringing together fields to establish new insight to behavioral ecology, toxicology, and conservation. Curr Zool. 63(2):185–194.

643

644

Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

9008. Pritchard, J.B. 1993. Aquatic toxicology: Past, present, and prospects. Environ Health Perspect. 100:249–257. 9009. Rattner, B.A. 2009. History of wildlife toxicology. Ecotoxicology. 18:773–783. 9010. Rusconi, M., et al. 2018. Evolutionary toxicology as a tool to assess the ecotoxicological risk in freshwater ecosystems. Water. 10:490. 9011. Russom, C.L. 2002. Mining environmental toxicology information: Web resources. Toxicology. 173:75–88. 9012. Stanek, L.W., et cl. 2011. Air pollution toxicology: A brief review of the role of the science in shaping the current understanding of air pollution health risks. Toxicol Sci. 120(S1):S8–S27. 9013. van Gestel, C.A.M. 2012. Soil ecotoxicology: State of the art and future directions. ZooKeys. 176:275–296. 9014. Villeneuve, D.L. and Garcia-Reyero, N. 2011. Vision and strategy: Predictive ecotoxicology in the 21st century. Environ Toxicol Chem. 30(1):1–8.

Aviation, Aerospace and Military Toxicology 9015. Aeromedical Association. 1953. Aviation Toxicology. New York: Blakiston. 9016. Bajgar, J. and Fusek, J. 1997. The history of military toxicology. Acta Medica. 40(3):79–82. 9017. Chaturvedi, A.K. 2009. Aerospace Toxicology: An Overview (DOT/FAA/AM-09/8). Oklahoma City: Federal Aviation Administration, Civil Aerospace Medical Institute. 9018. Chaturvedi, A.K. 2010. Aviation combustion toxicology: An overview. J Anal Toxicol. 34(1):1–16. 9019. Chaturvedi, A.K. 2011. Aerospace toxicology overview: Aerial application and cabin air quality. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 214:15–40. 9020. Domanski, T.J., et al. 1963. Aerospace toxicology: Past, present, and future. Mil Med. 128(8):717–725. 9021. Knechtges, P.L. 2000. Military deployment toxicology: A program manager’s perspective. Drug Chem Toxicol. 23(1):79–94.

Toxicology

9022. Martinetz, D. 1994. Chemical warfare since ancient times? Early “military toxicology” problems. Z Arztl Fortbild (Jena). 88(7–8):607–617. [German] 9023. Mattie, D. R. 1995. Program development in military toxicology laboratories. Toxicol Lett. 79:291–295.

Behavioral, Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology

9024. Collins, T.F. 2006. History and evolution of reproductive and developmental toxicology guidelines. Curr Pharm Des. 12(12):1449–1465. 9025. Hood, R. D., and Hood, R. D. (2005). Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology: A Practical Approach. Boca Raton, FL: Press. 9026. Needleman, H.L. 1995. Behavioral toxicology. Environ Health Perspect. 103(S6):77–79. 9027. Weiss, B. 1983. Behavioral toxicology and environmental health science: Opportunity and challenge for psychology. Am Psychol. 38(11):1174–1187. 9028. Zenick, H. and Reiter, L.W. 1977. Behavioral Toxicology: An Emerging Discipline (EPA/800/9-77/042). Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. EPA, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development.

Combustion, Fiber, Inhalation, Particle, Radiation and Industrial Toxicology

9029. Autian, J. 1973. The new field of plastics toxicology: Methods and results. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2(1):1–40. 9030. Borm, P.J.A. 2002. Particle toxicology: From coal mining to nanotechnology. Inhal Toxicol. 14:311–324. 9031. Coggle, J. E. 1985. Lessons from 80 years of radiation toxicology (Editorial). Hum Toxicol. 4:559–662. 9032. Cohen, R. 1980. Industrial toxicology: A practical approach. Occup Health Nurs. 28(6):9–12 9033. Donaldson, K. and Borm, P. 2004. Particle and Fibre toxicology: A new journal to meet a real need. Part Fibre Toxicol. 1:1–3.

645

646

Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

9034. Donaldson, K. and Seaton, A. 2012. A short history of the toxicology of inhaled particles. Part Fibre Toxicol. 9:13. 9035. Dorato, M.A. 1990. Overview of inhalation toxicology. Environ Health Perspect. 85:163–170. 9036. Feron, V.J., et al. 1998. Toxicology of chemical mixtures: International perspective. Environ Health Perspect. 106(S6):1281–1289. 9037. Hamilton, A. and Johnstone, R.T. 1945. Industrial Toxicology. New York: Oxford University Press. 9038. Hartzell, G.E. 1996. Overview of combustion toxicology. Toxicology. 115(1–3):7–23. 9039. Hine, C. H. 1959. Industrial toxicology 1. General principles and new developments. Arch Intern Med. 104:154–164. 9040. Peterson, J.E. 2003. Human inhalation toxicology. AIHA J. 64:6–11. 9041. Riediker, M., et al. 2019. Particle toxicology and health: Where are we? Part Fibre Toxicol. 16:19. 9042. Rubin, P. 1977. Radiation toxicology: Quantitative radiation pathology for predicting effects. Cancer. 39:729–736. 9043. Seaton, A. 2011. Historical perspective fifty years of particles: A personal retrospect. Part Fibre Toxicol. 8:35. 9044. Woolley, W.D. and Fardell, P.J. 1982. Basic aspects of combustion toxicology. Fire Safety Journal. 5(1):29–48.

Evolutionary and Genetic Toxicology

9045. Abilev, S. and Glaser, V.M. 2013. Genetic toxicology: Findings and challenges. Russ J Genet. 49(1):70–80. 9046. Battershill, J.M. 2005. Toxicogenomics: Regulatory perspective on current position. Hum Exp Toxicol. 24(1):35– 40. 9047. Bickham, J. 2011. The four cornerstones of evolutionary toxicology. Ecotoxicology. 20(3):497–502. 9048. Brady, S.P., et al. 2017. Evolutionary toxicology: Toward a unified understanding of life’s response to toxic chemicals. Evolutionary Applications. 10:745–751. 9049. Cunningham, M.L. 2006. Putting the fun into functional toxicogenomics. Toxicol Sci. 92(2):347–348.

Toxicology

9050. Frickel, S. A. 2000. Disciplining environmentalism: Opportunity structures, scientists activism, and the rise of genetic toxicology, 1941–1976. Doctoral Dissertation: University of Wisconsin, Madison. 9051. Legator, M. S. 1994. Genetic toxicology: Lessons from the past, directions for the future. Environ Mol Mutagen. 23(S24):3–6. 9052. Mahadevan, B., et al. 2011. Genetic toxicology in the 21st century: Reflections and future directions. Environ Mol Mutagen. 52(5):339–354. 9053. Nuwaysir, E.F., et al. 1999. Microarrays and toxicology: The advent of toxicogenomics. Mol Carcinog. 24:153–159. 9054. Orphanides, G. 2003. Toxicogenomics: Challenges and opportunities. Toxicol Lett. 140–141:145–148. 9055. Oziolor, E.M., et al. 2017. Evolutionary toxicology in an omics world. Evolutionary Applications. 10(8):752–761. 9056. Schmidt, C.W. 2002. Toxicogenomics: An emerging discipline. Enviro Health Perspect. 110(12):A750–A755. 9057. Shostak, S. 2005. The emergence of toxicogenomics: A case study of molecularization. Soc Stud Sci. 35(3):367–403. 9058. Waring, J.F. and Halbert, D.N. 2002. The promise of toxicogenomics. Curr Opin Mol Ther. 4(3):229–235. 9059. Wassom, J.S. 1989. Origins of genetic toxicology and the environmental mutagen society. Enviro Mol Mutagen. 14(S16):1–6. 9060. Weber, W.W. 2004. Toxicogenomics: History and current applications. Oncology. 25:40. 9061. Zeiger, E. 2017. Reflections on a career and on the history of genetic toxicity testing in the National Toxicology Program. Mutat Res. 773:282–292.

Forensic and Regulatory Toxicology 9062. Demortain, D. 2013. Regulatory toxicology in controversy. Science, Technology & Human Values. 38(6):727–748. 9063. Chung, H. and Choe, S. 2017. Overview of forensic toxicology: Yesterday, today and in the future. Curr Pharm Des. 23(36):5429–5436.

647

648

Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

9064. Finkle, B.S. 1982. Progress in forensic toxicology: Beyond analytical chemistry. J Anal Toxicol. 6(2):57–61. 9065. MacGregor, J.T. 2003. The future of regulatory toxicology: Impact of the biotechnology revolution. Toxicol Sci. 75(2):236–248. 9066. Somanathan, A. and Mathur, K. 2017. Evolution of forensic toxicology. Toxicol Int. 24(2). 9067. Stafford, D.T. and Logan, B.K. 1990. Information resources useful in forensic toxicology. Fund Appl Toxicol. 15:411–419. 9068. Tralau, T., et al. 2015. Regulatory toxicology in the 21st century: Challenges, perspectives and possible solutions. Arch Toxicol. 89(6):823–850.

Immunologic and Neurologic Toxicology 9069. Albers, J.W. and Berent, S. 2000. Controversies in neurotoxicology: Current status. Neuro Clin. 18(3):741–764. 9070. Germolec, D., et al. 2017. Immunotoxicology: A brief history, current status and strategies for future immunotoxicity assessment. Curr Opin Toxicol. 5:55–59. 9071. Koller, L.D. 2001. A perspective on the progression of immunotoxicology. Toxicology. 7:105–110. 9072. Tilson, H.A. 1990. Neurotoxicology in the 1990s. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 12(4):293–300. 9073. Tilson, H. A. 2000. New horizons: Future directions in neurotoxicology. Enviro Health Perspect. 108(S3):439–441. 9074. Williamson, A. M. 1996. Historical overview of computerized behavioral testing of humans in neurotoxicology. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 18:351–357.

Medical and Experimental Toxicology 9075. Anderson, D. and Conning, D.M. (Ed.). 1993. Experimental Toxicology: The Basic Issues (2nd Edition). Royal Society of Chemistry. 9076. Comstock, E.G. 1979. The practice of medical toxicology. Clin Toxicol. 15(1):1–11.

Toxicology

9077. Comstock, E.G. 1980. Current literature on medical toxicology. Clin Toxicol. 17(3):463–473. 9078. Comstock, E. G. 1998. Roots and circles in medical toxicology: A personal reminiscence. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 36:401–407. 9079. Gussow, L. 2014. Toxicology rounds: The future of medical toxicology? Twitter, of course. Emerg Med News. 36(10):12. 9080. Kapeghian, J.C. and Traina, V.M. 1990. The role of experimental toxicology in safety evaluation: Challenges facing the pharmaceutical industry. Med Res Rev. 10(2):271–280. 9081. Liebelt, E.L. 2010. The specialty of medical toxicology: Beyond poisonous arrows and activated charcoal. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 88(3):298–301. 9082. Neumann, N.R., et al. 2020. Medical toxicology and COVID-19: Our role in a pandemic. J Med Toxicol. 16:245–247. 9083. Wax, P., et al. 2004. The core content of medical toxicology. Ann Emerg Med. 43(2):209–214. 9084. Zbinden, G. 1992. The three eras of research in experimental toxicology. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 13:221–223.

Nanotoxicology

9085. Bolt, H.M., et al. 2013. Recent developments in nanotoxicology. Arch Toxicol. 87:927–928. 9086. Gunsolus, I.L. and Haynes, C.L. 2016. Analytical aspects of nanotoxicology. Anal Chem. 88(1):451–479. 9087. Haynes, C.L. 2010. The emerging field of nanotoxicology (Editorial). Anal Bioanal Chem. 398:587–588. 9088. Holl, M.M.B. 2009. Nanotoxicology: A personal perspective. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed. 1(4):353–359. 9089. Hubbs, A. F., et al. 2011. Nanotoxicology: A pathologist’s perspective. Toxicol Pathol. 39(2):301–324. 9090. Krug, H.F. and Wick, P. 2011. Nanotoxicology: An interdisciplinary challenge. Angew Chemie Int Ed Engl. 50(6):1260–1278. 9091. Oberdösrter, G. 2010. Safety assessment for nanotechnology and nanomedicine: Concepts of nanotoxicology. J Intern Med. 267(1):89–105.

649

650

Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

9092. Oberdösrter, G., et al. 2005. Nanotoxicology: An emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles. Environ Health Perspect. 113(7):823–839. 9093. Oberdösrter, G., et al. 2007. Toxicology of nanoparticles: A historical perspective. Nanotoxicology. 1(1):2–25. 9094. Ostrowski, A.D., et al. 2009. Nanotoxicology: Characterizing the scientific literature, 2000–2007. J Nanopart Res. 11(2):251–257. 9095. Shvedova. A., et al. 2016. Nanotoxicology ten years later: Lights and shadows. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 299:1–2. 9096. Warheit, D.B. 2010. Debunking some misconceptions about nanotoxicology. Nano Lett. 10(12):4777–4782.

Nutritional Toxicology

9097. Hathcock, J.N. 1990. Nutritional toxicology: Basic principles and actual problems. Food Addit Contam. 7(S1):s12–s18. 9098. Parke, D.V. and Ioannides, C. 1981. The role of nutrition in toxicology. Ann Rev Nutr. 1:207–234. 9099. Pressman, P., et al. 2017. Food additive safety: A review of toxicologic and regulatory issues. Toxicol Res Appl. 1:1–22.

Ocular and Ophthalmic Toxicology

9100. Flach, A. J. 1996. Ocular pharmacology and toxicology. Ophthalmology. 103(S8):S118–S142. 9101. Fraunfelder, F.T. 1978. What’s new in ocular toxicology? The Sight-Saving Review. 48(2):53. 9102. Green, K. 1999. History of ophthalmic toxicology. In Chiou, G.C.Y. (Ed.). Ophthalmic Toxicology, 2nd Ed. (pp. 1–26). Philadelphia: Taylor & Francis.

Pediatric Toxicology

9103. Calello, D.P. and Henretig, F.M. 2014. Pediatric toxicology: Specialized approach to the poisoned child. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 32(1):29–52.

Virology

9104. Tenenbein, M. 1986. Pediatric toxicology: Current controversies and recent advances. Curr Probl Pediatr. 16(4):192–233. 9105. Tenenbein, M. 1999. Recent advancements in pediatric toxicology. Pediatr Clin North Am. 46(6):1179–1188.

Toxicologic Pathology

9106. Ettlin, R.A. 2013. Toxicologic pathology in the 21st century (Invited Review). Toxicol Pathol. 41:689–708. 9107. Maronpot, R.R. 2013. The role of the toxicological pathologist in the post-genomic era. J Toxicol Pathol. 26(2):105–110. 9108. Schwetz, B.A. 2003. Toxicologic pathology: Looking ahead. Toxicol Pathol. 31(S):2–5. 9109. Squire, R.A. 1997. A quarter century of toxicologic pathology: A personal perspective. Toxicol Pathol. 25:423–425. 9110. Trump, B.F. 1997. A personal perspective on the past, present and future of toxicologic pathology. Toxicol Pathol. 25:426– 428.

Virology

9111. Enquist, L.W. 2009. Virology in the 21st century. J Virol. 83(11):5296–5308. 9112. Hahon, N. 1964. Selected Papers on Virology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 9113. Hirst, G.K. 1962. Development of virology as an independent science. BMJ. 1(5290):1431–1437. 9114. Javier, R.T. and Butel, J.S. 2008. The history of tumor virology. Cancer Res. 68(19):7693–7706. 9115. Méthot, P-O. 2016. Writing the history of virology in the 20th century: Discovery, disciplines, and conceptual change. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 59:145–153. 9116. Oldstone, M.B.A. and Levine, A.J. 2000. Virology in the next millennium. Cell. 100:139–142. 9117. Waterson, A.P. and Wilkinson, L. 1978. An Introduction to the History of Virology. Cambridge University Press.

651

652

Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

Zoology 9118. Chomel, B.B. and Osburn, B.I. 2006. Zoological medicine and public health. J Vet Med Educ. 33(3):346–351. 9119. Ewart, J.C. 1918. The connection of zoology with medicine. Edinb Med J. 20(2):117. 9120. Hegner, R.W. 1924. Medical zoology and human welfare. Science. 60(1564):551–558. 9121. MacKenzie, W.C. 1928. The importance of zoology to medical science. BMJ. 2(3533):534. 9122. Moquin-Tandon, A. 1861. Elements of Medical Zoology (Translated and Edited by Robert T. Hulme). London: H. Bailliere Publisher.

Subject Index

Subject

Citation Number(s)

Diseases and Disorders

1213–3378

General History

1213–1290

Diseases of the Blood or Blood-Forming Organs (ICD-03)

1803–1836

Certain Infectious or Parasitic Diseases (ICD-01) Neoplasms (ICD-02)

Diseases of the Immune System (ICD-04)

Endocrine, Nutritional or Metabolic (ICD-05)

Mental, Behavioural, or Neurodevelopmental (ICD-06) Sleep-Wake Disorders (ICD-07)

Diseases of the Nervous System (ICD-08) Diseases of the Visual System (ICD-09)

Diseases of the Ear or Mastoid Process (ICD-10) Diseases of the Circulatory System (ICD-11)

Diseases of the Respiratory System (ICD-12) Diseases of the Digestive System (ICD-13) Diseases of the Skin (ICD-14)

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System or Connective Tissue (ICD-15) Diseases of the Genitourinary System (ICD-16) Conditions Related to Sexual Health (ICD-17)

Pregnancy, Childbirth, or the Puerperium (ICD-18)

Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal Period (ICD-19) Developmental Anomalies (ICD-20)

Symptoms, Signs or Clinical Findings, Not Elsewhere Classified (ICD-21) Injury, Poisoning, or Certain Other Consequences of External Causes (ICD-22)

1291–1655 1656–1802 1837–1913 1914–2035 2036–2249 2250–2285 2286–2415 2416–2459 2460–2502 2503–2589 2590–2670 2671–2786 2787–2876 2877–2959 2960–3037 3038–3068 3069–3096 3097–3158 3159–3258 3259–3266 3267–3316

654

Subject Index

External Causes of Morbidity or Mortality (ICD-23)

3317–3349

General Medical Topics

654–837

Factors Influencing Health Status or Contact with Health Services (ICD-24) Economics

Education, Employment, and Training Health Equity and Equality

Medical Errors, Ethics, and Jurisprudence Geographic Perspectives Afghanistan Albania Algeria

Andorra Angola

Antigua & Barbuda

Arabic, Islamic, Muslim, & Middle East Region Arctic & Circumpolar Regions Argentina Armenia

Asia, General & Regional Australia Austria

Azerbaijan

Babylonia & Assyria Bahamas Bahrain Balkans Baltics

Bangladesh Barbados Belarus

Belgium Belize

3350–3378 654–671 672–709 710–748 749–837

3379–5190 3379–3409 3410–3415 3416–3425 3426

3427–3432 3433–3434 3435–3474 3475–3478 3479–3490 3491–3501 3502–3509 3510–3524 3525–3536 3537–3543 3544–3545 3546–3548 3549–3553 3554–3558 3559–3562 3563–3567 3568–3572 3573–3577 3578–3588 3589–3593

Subject Index

Benin

3594–3597

Borneo

3611–3612

Bhutan Bolivia

Bosnia & Herzegovina Botswana Brazil

Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria

Burkina Faso Burundi

Cabo Verde Cambodia

Cameroon Canada

Caribbean Region

Central & Latin America

Central African Republic Chad Chile

China

Colombia Comoros Congo

Costa Rica

Cote D’ivoire Croatia Cuba

Czech Republic

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti

3598–3604 3605–3610 3613–3618 3619–3624 3625–3636 3637–3639 3640–3648 3649–3650 3651–3656 3657–3660 3661–3666 3667–3672 3673–3710 3711–3716 3720–3739 3717–3719 3740–3743 3744–3754 3755–3772 3773–3780 3781–3783 3784–3790 3791–3797 3798–3801 3802–3815 3816–3827 3833–3855 3856–3859 3860–3863 3864–3872 3873–3878

655

656

Subject Index

Dominican Republic

3879–3884

El Salvador

3904–3907

Ecuador Egypt

Equatorial Guinea Eritrea

Estonia

Eswatini Ethiopia

Europe: General Fiji

Finland France Gabon

Gambia, Republic of the Georgia

Germany Ghana

Greece

Grenada

Guatemala Guinea

Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti

Honduras

Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India

Indonesia Iran Iraq

3885–3891 3892–3903 3908–3911 3912–3916 3917–3923 3924–3926 3927–3937 3938–3958 3959–3965 3966–3976 3977–3999 4000–4002 4003–4008 4009–4013 4014–4034 4035–4047 4048–4064 4065–4069 4070–4076 4077

4078–4080 4081–4084 4085–4090 4094–4098 4099–4109 4110–4128 4129–4139 4140–4159 4160–4167 4168–4190 4191–4204

Subject Index

Israel

4205–4216

Japan

4246–4263

Italy

Jamaica Jordan

Kazakhstan Kenya

Kiribati Kosovo Kuwait

Kyrgyzstan Laos

Latvia

Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya

Lithuania

Luxembourg Macedonia

Madagascar Malawi

Malaysia

Maldives Mali

Malta

Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico

Micronesia, Federated States of Moldova Monaco

4217–4236 4237–4245 4264–4271 4272–4278 4279–4285 4286–4288 4289–4293 4294–4299 4300–4304 4305–4312 4313–4323 4324–4330 4331–4335 4336–4340 4341–4347 4350–4354 4355–4362 4363–4366 4367–4374 4375–4381 4382–4392 4393–4397 4398–4401 4402–4408 4409–4413 4414–4417 4418–4425 7101–7108 6714–6740 2607 3953

657

658

Subject Index

Mongolia

4318

Mozambique

4482–4486

Montenegro Morocco

Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal

Netherlands

New Zealand Nicaragua Niger

Nigeria

Nordic & Scandinavian Region Norway

Oceania & Pacific Region Oman

Pakistan Palau

Palestine, State of Panama

Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru

Philippines Poland

Polynesia Portugal

Puerto Rico Qatar

Republic of Korea Romania Russia

4764

4476–4481 6804–6806 6811 8594 6823 6856

7068–7070 1187–1190 7038

6879–6937 8827–8839 9097–9099 7352–7376 5915–5922 4617–4621 8840–8851 9041 6847

6948–6954 7591 7606

7651–7654 6162 8032

7672–7678 6624–6628 6634

4721–4725 6978 1957

Subject Index

Rwanda

4750–4756

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

373

Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Samoa

San Marino

Sao Tome & Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia

Seychelles

Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia

Slovenia

Solomon Islands Somalia

South Africa

South Sudan Spain

Sri Lanka Sudan

Suriname Sweden

Switzerland Syria

Taiwan

Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Tibet

Timor-Leste Togo

339 347

8114–8136 8412–8419 4773–4779 8529

4787–4793 8161

4800–4804 6638–6650 4819–4822 5953 6382

8897–8898 8905 8915

8917–8918 1197 376

399–400 7210

4887–4893 4894–4900 3941 4418 5174 5206

4945–4953 707 721

3973

659

660

Subject Index

Tonga

4098

Turkey

8656–8672

Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia

Turkmenistan Tuvalu

Uganda

Ukraine

United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay

Uzbekistan Vanuatu

Venezuela Vietnam Yemen

Yugoslavia Zambia

Zanzibar

Zimbabwe

History and Historiography Medicine from Antiquity to the 21st Century Archives, Libraries, and Museums

Art, Iconography, Literature, and Symbolism

Bibliographies, Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, Glossaries, and Lexicons

Language of Medicine: Abbreviations, Acronyms, Eponyms, Etymology, Jargon, Nomenclature, Phrases, Slang, Terminology, and Vocabulary Medical Biography

Medical Numismatics and Philately Medical Architecture General History

1193

8429–8435 7194–7196 5137–5143 5144–5149 8673–8693 6815

6857–6858 7197–7199 9005 6020 495 540

5421

5166–5171 5172–5178 5179–5183 5184–5185 5186–5190 1–653 1–290

291–335 336–409 410–492 493–576 577–601 602–653

1115–1212 1115–1123

Subject Index

Hospitals, Asylums, and Sanatoriums

1124–1186

Medical Devices, Equipment, and Instruments

838–1114

Assisted Living and Nursing Homes

Specialty Care Centers and Facilities General History Anesthesiology Cardiovascular

Clinical Chemistry Dental

Ear, Nose and Throat

Gastroenterology and Urology General and Plastic Surgery General Hospital Hematology

Immunology

Microbiology, Pathology, and Toxicology Neurology

Obstetrics and Gynecology Ophthalmology Orthopedic

Physical Medicine

Medical Specialties and Practice Areas Academic Medicine

Adolescent and Pediatric Medicine Alchemy and Iatrochemistry Allergy and Immunology Anatomy and Physiology Anesthesiology

Astrologic Medicine

Aviation and Aerospace Medicine Barber Surgeon

Biomedical and Biomedicine Burn Medicine

1187–1192 1193–1212 838–858 859–868 869–912 913–918 919–933 934–945 946–951

952–1004

1005–1028 1029–1039 1040–1043 1044–1047 1048–1053 1054–1061 1062–1067 1068–1075 1076–1114

5191–9122 5191–5211 5212–5238 5239–5245 5246–5290 5291–5479 5480–5521 5522–5528 5529–5556 5557–5560 5561–5579 5580–5596

661

662

Subject Index

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

5597–5615

Complementary and Alternative Medicine

5688–5782

Clinical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine

Collective, Community, Public, Rural, and Social Medicine Conservation, Veterinary, Wilderness, Wildlife, and Zoo Medicine Critical Care, Disaster, Emergency, and Intensive Care Medicine Dentistry

Dermatology

E-medicine, Telemedicine, and Virtual Medicine Endocrinology

Environmental, Industrial and Occupational Health, Hygiene, and Medicine Epidemiology Eugenics

Evidence-Based Medicine Evolutionary Medicine

Faith-Based and Pastoral Medicine

Family, General Practice, and Primary Care Medicine Fetal, Neonatal, and Perinatal Medicine Forensic and Medico-Legal Medicine Gastroenterology

Genetic, Genomic, Personalized, and Precision Medicine Geomedicine

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Graphology

Hematology Hepatology

Hospice, End of Life, and Palliative Care Hospitalists

Humoral Medicine Internal Medicine

5616–5656 5657–5687 5783–5818 5819–5858 5859–5972 5973–6006 6007–6025 6026–6041 6042–6068 6069–6084 6085–6096 6097–6126 6127–6136 6137–6155 6156–6175 6176–6187 6188–6202 6203–6224 6225–6262 6263–6294 6295–6322 6323–6327 6328–6339 6340–6345 6346–6371 6372–6376 6377–6380 6381–6395

Subject Index

Laryngology, Otolaryngology, Otology, Otorhinolaryngology, Phoniatrics, and Rhinology

6396–6439

Medical Informatics

6667–6713

Lifestyle Medicine

Medical Imaging (Including Surgical Applications) Military and War Medicine Nanomedicine

Nephrology and Renal Medicine Neuro Medicine and Neurology Nuclear Medicine Nursing

Observational Medicine

Obstetrics and Gynecology Oncology

Ophthalmology Optometry

Pain Medicine (Algiatry) Pathology

Performing Arts and Sports Medicine Pharmacology Phrenology

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Physiatry) Physiognomy Podiatry

Preventive Medicine Proctology

Prosthetic Medicine Psychiatry

Psychology

Regenerative Medicine Rheumatology

Sex and Reproductive Medicine Sleep Medicine

6440–6442 6443–6666 6714–6740 6741–6778 6779–6814 6815–6860 6861–6878 6879–7199 7200–7205 7206–7228 7229–7306 7307–7351 7352–7376 7377–7394 7395–7487 7488–7513 7514–7628 7629–7633 7634–7650 7651–7654 7655–7661 7662–7671 7672–7678 7679–7698 7699–7882 7883–8087 8088–8098 8099–8113 8114–8136 8137–8152

663

664

Subject Index

Surgery, Surgical Specialties, and Surgical Techniques

8153–8446

Translational Medicine

8462–8475

Teratology

Therapeutic Bleeding Transplantation

Tropical Medicine Urology

Vaccinology

Scientific and Humanity Disciplines Allied with Medicine

8447–8454 8455–8461 8476–8628 8629–8655 8656–8672 8673–8693

8694–9122

Anthropology

8694–8705

Chemistry and Biochemistry

8732–8744

Bacteriology

Biology and Microbiology Cytology and Histology Ecology

Embryology Entomology

Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine Human Factors and Ergonomics Mathematics and Physics Mortuary Science Mycology

Nutritional Medicine Parasitology Pharmacy Sociology

Thanatology Toxicology Virology Zoology

8706–8717 8718–8731 8745–8758 8759–8764 8765–8782 8783–8787 8788–8794 8795–8802 8803–8810 8811–8822 8823–8826 8827–8839 8840–8851 8852–8919 8920–8929 8930–8937 8938–9110 9111–9116 9118–9122

Geographic Index

Country/Region

Citation Number(s)

Afghanistan

3379–3382

Africa: General & Regional

3383–3409 1464

Algeria

Andorra Angola

Antigua & Barbuda

Arabic, Islamic, & Middle East Region

1600

3410–3415 3416–3425 3426

3427–3432 3433–3434 3435–3474 4416 4683 5525 7525

Arctic & Circumpolar Regions 3475–3478 3864 3292 4556 Argentina Armenia

Citation Number(s)

Asia: General & Regional

1597

4558

3479–3490 3491–3501

3502–3509 2721

1359 1377

Albania

Country/Region

Australia Austria

Azerbaijan

Babylonia & Assyria Bahamas Bahrain Balkans Baltics

Bangladesh Barbados Belarus

Belgium Belize Benin

Bhutan Bolivia

Borneo

Bosnia & Herzegovina Botswana

4141 8633

3510–3524 1466

3525–3536 3537–3543 3544–3545 3546–3548 3549–3553 3554–3558 3559–3562 3563–3567 3568–3572 3573–3577 3578–3588 3589–3593 3594–3597 3598–3604 3605–3610 3611–3612 3613–3618 3619–3624

666

Geographic Index

Brazil

Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria

Burkina Faso Burundi

Cabo Verde Cambodia

Cameroon Canada

Caribbean Region Central African Republic Central & Latin America Chad Chile

China

Colombia Comoros Congo

Costa Rica

Côte D’ivoire Croatia

3625–3636 1441 3483 8884

3637–3639 3612

3640–3648 3649–3650 3651–3656 3657–3660 3661–3666 3667–3672 4941

3673–3710

Cuba

Cyprus

Czech Republic Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti

Dominica

Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt

5113 5790

3711–3716 3717–3719 3720–3739 5686

3740–3743 3744–3754 3755–3772 576

3425 4388 4895

3773–3780 3781–3783 3784–3790 3791–3797 3798–3801 3802–3815

El Salvador

Equatorial Guinea Eritrea

Estonia

Eswatini Ethiopia

Europe: General

3816–3827 3838–3832 3833–3855 3856–3859 3860–3863 3864–3872 3873–3874 3875–3878 3879–3884 3885–3891 3892–3903 1380 2950 5325 5332

3904–3907 3908–3911 3912–3916 3917–3923 3924–3926 3927–3937 3405 3916

3938–3958 2044 3351 4251 5398 5458 6205 6422 6920 8895

Geographic Index

Fiji

Finland France

Gabon

Gambia, Republic of the Georgia

Germany Ghana

Greece

Grenada

Guatemala Guinea

Guinea–Bissau Guyana Haiti

Honduras

Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India

Indonesia Iran Iraq

Israel

3959–3965 3966–3976 3977–3999 486

3402 5574

4000–4002

Italy

Jamaica Japan

4003–4008 4009–4013 4014–4034 3170 6094

4035–4047 4048–4064 4065–4069 4070–4076 4077

4078–4080 4081–4084 4085–4093 4094–4098 3591

4099–4109 4110–4128 4129–4139 4140–4159 2466 4481

4160–4167 4168–4190 4191–4204 4205–4216

Jordan

Kazakhstan Kenya

Kiribati Kosovo Kuwait

Kyrgyzstan Laos

Latvia

Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya

Liechtenstein Lithuania

Luxembourg Macedonia

Madagascar Malawi

Malaysia

Maldives

4217–4236 534

3934 5604

4237–4245 4246–4263 1597 4513 6095 7272

4264–4271 4272–4278 4279–4285 4286–4288 4289–4293 4294–4299 4300–4304 4305–4312 4313–4323 4324–4330 4331–4335 4336–4340 1507

4341–4347 4348–4349 4350–4354 4313

4355–4362 4363–4366 4367–4374 4375–4381 4382–4392 4393–4397

667

668

Geographic Index

Mali

4398–4401

Mauritania

4414–4417

Malta

Marshall Islands Mauritius

Mesopotamia

4402–4408 4409–4413 4418–4425 2389 4196 4199 4201

Mexico

Micronesia, Federated States of Moldova Monaco

Mongolia

Montenegro Morocco

Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal

Netherlands

New Zealand Nicaragua Niger

Nigeria

4204 7653

4426–4440 4441–4446 4447–4450 4451

4452–4459 4460–4462 4463–4471 4472–4475 4476–4481 4482–4486 4487–4490 4491–4502 4503–4523 2267 7137 8998

4524–4530 1947

4531–4537 4538–4540 4541–4551

Nordic & Scandinavia Region Norway

Oceania & Pacific Region Oman

Pakistan Palau

Palestine, State of Panama

Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru

Philippines Poland

Polynesia Portugal

Puerto Rico Qatar

Republic of Korea (South Korea) Romania Russia

Rwanda

Saint Kitts-Nevis Saint Lucia

Saint Vincent & The Grenadines Samoa

San Marino

Sao Tome & Principe

4552–4562 4563–4574 4575–4578 4579–4587 4588–4596 4597–4601 4602–4608 3474

4609–4616 4617–4621 4622–4626 4627–4634 4635–4644 4645–4655 4656–4659 4660–4669 4670–4680 4681–4685 4686–4697 4698–4707 4708–4720 5003 3640

4721–4725 4726–4727 4728–4732 4733–4734 4735–4737 4738

4739–4740

Geographic Index

Saudi Arabia

4741–4749

Timor–Leste

4934–4938

Seychelles

4766–4768

Trinidad & Tobago

4954–4960

Senegal Serbia

Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia

Slovenia

Solomon Islands Somalia

South Africa

South Sudan Spain

4750–4756 4757–4765 4769–4772 4773–4779 4780–4786 4787–4793 4794–4799 4800–4804 4805–4818 4819–4822 4823–4845 534 554

3909 4635 Sri Lanka Sudan

Suriname Sweden

Switzerland Syria

Taiwan

Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Tibet

6716 8531

4846–4854 4855–4863 4864–4867 4868–4879 4880–4886 4349

4887–4893 3474

4894–4900 4901–4903 4904–4910 4280

4911–4921 4922–4933

Togo

Tonga

Tunisia Turkey

Turkmenistan Tuvalu

Uganda

Ukraine

United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom United States

4939–4944 4945–4953 4961–4967 4968–4982 4983–4985 4986–4989 4990–4998 4280

4999–5007 5008–5013 5014–5075 5076–5136 204 486 898

1192 1210 1434 1540 1629 2597 2643 3115 3349 4068 4612 4891 4916 5255 5655

669

670

Geographic Index

United States (contd.)

5803

5859–5860

United States

5865

7979

6069

8356

6204–6205

8619

6381 6737

Uruguay

6913

Venezuela

6779 6834 6920 6966 7143 7231 7347 7370

7529 7774

5992

6662

7458 7761

5944

6643

7385

Uzbekistan Vanuatu

Vietnam Yemen

Yugoslavia Zambia

Zanzibar

Zimbabwe

8673 8958

5137–5143 5144–5149 5150–5153 5154–5157 5158–5165 5166–5171 5172–5178 5179–5183 5184–5185 5186–5190

People Index

Name

Citation Number(s)

Name

Citation Number(s)

Abbas, Haly

3471

Boerhaave, Herman

4516

395

Boothby, Walter

5516

Aesculapius

Alberti, Fay Bound Albrecht, Eugen

Alcmaeon of Croton Amasiatsi, Amirdovlat

Archibald, Robert Aristotle Avicenna Baillie, Matthew Balfour, Andrew

Bartholin, Thomas Beckquerel, Henri Bell, John Bernard, Claude Bichat, Marie Francois Xavier

338 360

4062 5095 2554 7409 5476 6794 3495 4855 2196 4048 5297 2554 2751 3471 7417 4856 5246 6876 1443 2409 64 5340 5439 7416

Bonaparte, Napoleon 5823 Bovie, William

Bowditch, Henry

6728 8248 8258 8318

Bowman, Sir William 6802 Bozzini, Philipp Braid, James

Brennsohn, Izidor Bright, Richard Briquet, Paul

Budd, George

Budd, William

Burdick, Ward

Bykov, Konstantin Cabot, Richard Camper, Pieter

Carlsson, Arvid

Charcot, Jean-Martin Cohnheim, Julius Cook, Albert

Cooke, William Ernest

6541 7817 4313 2972 5476 6794 2167 6211 6080 7428 5433 786

8316 8462 2834 6840 5340 4996 8633

672

People Index

Coulter, Wallace

1035

Cunier, Florent

7350

 

Crile, George Dalton, John

Dandy, Walter

de Gimbernat, Don Antonio

de la Tourette, Gilles Delpech, AugusteLouis Descartes

Diodes of Carystus

Duke-Elder, Stewart

Dzhunkovskiĭ, Vasily Ehrlich, Paul

Einthoven, William

Fallot, Etienne-Louis Fauchard, Pierre Fay, Temple

Fede, Francesco Fleck, Ludwik

Fontaine, William

Franklin, Benjamin Freud, Sigmund

1039 7392

Galen

4067 5293

8316

5299

2153

5303 5323

7858

5344

7379

5439

117

5446

2445 5282 8474 6517 7415 5938 6613 4222 170

4672 7541 2133 2241 3058 5099 7320 7814 8040

426

4048

6613

5264

192

3728

2437

4999

97

Garrison, Fielding Geschwind, Norman Gesell, Arnold

Gibbon, John H. Gleason, Floyd

Glover, Edward

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von Graham, James

Grüntzig, Andreas

Guillemeau, Jacque

Gutzmann, Hermann Hakim Mohammed Said Harrower, Henry

5448 6786 279

5086 5114 6841 7809 882 888

7485 7830 7518 7335 8190 2427 6414 3502 6041

People Index

Harvey, William

Heller, Ernst

Hildanus, Fabricius Hirschsprung, Harald Ho, Faith

Holmes, Sherlock Homer

Hippocrates

45

Hofstetter, George

7369

5325

Huntington, George

2298

2577 5323 8216 5590 2774 3234 4099 8652 4062 5334 7

49 63

771 789

1904 2086 2391 2445 2579 2861 2955 4048 4516 5644 6319 6415 6802 7673 8443 8850

Holland, John

Hunter, William

Hutchinson, John Imhotep

Isidore of Seville Janet, Pierre Jatene, Adib Jigmed, B.

John of Rupescissa Johnson, Samuel

Julian, Percy Lavon Kahn, Genghis

Kalapothaki, Maria Kordić, Sime

Kornhauser, Arthur Kraepelin, Emil Krukenberg, Friedrich

Krusen, Frank Langley, John

Lautrec, Toulouse

Lavoisier, AntoineLaurent Leacock, John

Le Gros Clark, Sir Wilfrid Liebow, Averill

Little, William John Locke, John

8086 5395 866 45

6045 511

7814 3636 4458 8739 587

5245 4456 4053 3803 8029 2196 7410 7640 7568 405

5461 7541 3571 3509 7453 2286 540

7883

673

674

People Index

Ludwig, Carl

5475

Mallory, Frank Burr

7414

Lust, Benedict

Mackieson, John

Malpighi, Marcello

Manson, Sir Patrick

Marcé, Louis-Victor Marfan, Antione

Mascagni, Giovanni Paolo Mears, Kathleen

Menilek II, Emperor of Ethiopia Ménétrier, Pierre Merrill, John P.

Mesmer, Franz Friedrich Anton Metcalf, Donald

Metchnikoff, Elie Mixter, William Moffat, Robert Moore, Jerry

Morejón, Hernandez Morgagni, Giovanni Müller, Johannes Murphy, H.B.M.

Mussolini, Benito

5757 3705 5463

Navrat, Cenek

7437

Nottingham, John

2902

Osler, William

8642 7864 2929

6529 3936 2691 6789 7541 6335 5254 5264 5289 6613 4992 2579 4832 4835 7399 7418 4018 7801 4236

4036 6974 7013 2433

Nuttal, George Henry Falkiner 8841

2941 5302

3845

Nightingale, Florence 1157

Osterloh, Firma

Paddon, Harvey Panagiotatou, Aggeliki

Papanicolaou, George Paracelsus

Paré IV, Ambroise Petit, Jean Louis Pintar, Ivan Pliney

Portier, Paul

Pott, Percival

Pressman, Jack

Probst, Christian Queen Victoria Ramazzini, Bernardino

Rasori, Giovanni Rayer, Pierre

Reinsberg, Josef

261 437

1904 2861 8100 8769 3702 4053

8750–8751 63

7685 8316 4790 4845 1855 8316 7707 160

5052 578

4234 6806 3852

People Index

Rembrandt

342

Tiberio, Vincenzo

7398

Richter, D. August Gotlieb

8316

Valdes-Dapena, Marie

7426

Richet, Gabriel

Rochoux, Jean-Andre Röntgen, Wilhelm Rosen, George Rudbeck, Ole

Ruysch, Frederik Sackett, David

Schindler, Rudolph Schweitzer, Albert Scott, Walter Dill

Semmelweis, Ignac Sigerist, Henry Sissi, Empress

Sneddon, Ian Bruce Snow, John

Soemmerring, Samuel

Squire, E. George Sullivan, Paul

1855 6804 6857 6876 5670 5246

Urscheler, Norma Uttley, Kenneth

van Diemerbroeck, Isbrand Van Helmont, J.B.

5394

Veković, Divna

6549

Virchow, Rudolf

5397 6120 4001 8027 3145 191 224 264

2570 1912 6080 5443 8428 7316

Vesalius, Andreas

Von Pirquet, Clemens

von Willebrand, Erik Adolf Weber, Ernst Heinrich

Webster, Richard Wells, Horace

Wilson, Gwenifer

Winslow, Jacques Wood, Alexander Zirm, Eduard

7183 3433

2267 64

5349 4461 865

5415–5416 475

5809 1868

5259–5260 1823 1052 8230 5504 5494 5441 1012 8520

675